Full text of Employment and Earnings : July 1980

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Employment and Earnings
July 1980
!

,S. Department of Labor
ureau of Labor Statistics
ol. 27 No. 7

this issue:
stablishment data adjusted to new benchmarks




U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Ray Marshall, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
Employment and Earnings is prepared by the
Division of Monthly Industry Employment
Statistics and the Division of Employment and
Unemployment Analysis in collaboration with
the Division of Special Publications. The data
are collected by the Bureau of the Census
(Department of Commerce), State Employment
Security Agencies, and State Departments of
Labor in cooperation with the Bureau of Labor
Statistics. A brief description of the cooperative statistical programs of the BLS with
these agencies is presented in the Explanatory Notes. The State agencies are listed
on the inside back cover.

Calendar of Features
In addition to the monthly data appearing
regularly in Employment and Earnings
special features appear in most of the
issues as shown below:

Household data

Annual averages
Revised seasonally adjusted series
Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted
data, persons not in labor force, persons
Hispanic origin, Vietnam-Era veterans
and nonveterans, poverty-nonpoverty area
data, family relationship data.

Jan.
Feb.

Jan., Apr.,
July, Oct.

Establishment data

National annual averages:
Employment and Earnings may be ordered
through the Superintendent of Documents,
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,
D.C. 20402. Subscription price per year $22
domestic, and $27.50 foreign. Single copy
$2.75. Annual supplement $3.25. Prices are
subject to change by the U.S. Government
Printing Office.
Communications on editorial matters should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and
Earnings, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C. 20212. Inquiries regarding the
text and Household Data should be addressed to: Attention of Gloria P. Green, or
phone: (202) 523-1944. Inquiries relating to
Establishment Data and all other tables should
be addressed to: Attention of Gloria P. Goings,
or phone: (202) 523-1487. Send correspondence
on circulation and subscription matters (including address changes) to the Superintendent of Documents.
The Secretary of Labor has determined that
publication of this periodical is necessary
in the transaction of the public business required by law of this Department. Use of funds
for printing this periodical has been approved
by the Director of the Office of Management
and Budget through February 28, 1981. Controlled circulation postage paid at Riverdale,
Md.
Unless specifically identified as copyright,
r,,atP:ial in this publication is in the public
domain and may, with appropriate credit, be
reproduced without permission.
Library of Congress Catalog Number 70-11379.
Employment and Earnings (Dept. of Labor
Pub.) (USPS 081-990)



Industry divisions (preliminary)

Jan.

Industry detail (final)

Mar.

Women employment detail (final)

Mar.

National data adjusted to new benchmarks

July1

Revised seasonally adjusted series

July2

State and area annwal averages
Area definitions

1

May
May

The issue that introduces new benchmark varies. The July 1980 issue marks the introduction of March 1979 benchmarks.
2
Revised data introduced July 1980.

Employment and Earnings
Vol. 27 No. 7 July 1980
Editors: Gloria P. Green, Gloria P. Goings, Rosalie K. Epstein
Editors' note

Beginning with this issue, establishment-based data (national series) have been revised to
reflect employment benchmark levels (comprehensive counts of employment) for March 1979.
In addition, the Bureau used the X-11 ARIMA methodolody in seasonally adjusting the
establishment data, which previously had been computed using the BLS Seasonal Factor
Method. The seasonally adjusted establishment data have been revised back 5 years, which is
the usual practice, based on experience through March 1980.
Due to the benchmark and seasonal adjustment revisions, data in tables B-1 through B-7,
C-1, C-2, C-4 through C-10, D-1 and D-3 have been revised. For a discussion of the effects of
these revisions, see the article, "BLS Establishment Estimates Revised to March 1979 Benchmarks," that appears on page 7. The article also gives the new seasonal factors to be used
to calculate establishment data for April 1980 through March 1981. Revised historical data for
detailed industry categories will be published in an August 1980 supplement to Employment
and Earnings.

Contents




Page
List of statistical tables
2
Employment and unemployment developments, June 1980
5
BLS establishment estimates revised to March 1979 benchmarks. 7
New seasonal adjustment factors for household data series
25
Charts
26
Statistical tables:
Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Quarterly averages
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
Labor turnover
State and area unemployment data
Seasonally adjusted seriesHousehold data
Quarterly averages
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
Productivity
Labor turnover
Explanatory notes

40
77
91
123
154
163
62
69
108
144
146
159
169

MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page
Employment Status

A-1.
A- 2.
A- 3.
A- 4.
A- 5.
A- 6.
A- 7.
A- 8.
A- 9.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population, 16 years and over, 1947 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over
by sex, 1972 todate
Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race
Labor force by sex, age, and race
Employment status of black workers by sex and age
Employment status of the noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16-21 years of age
by race and sex
Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, and race
Employment status of the noninstitutional population by family relationship

38
39
40
42
44
45
46
47
48

Characteristics of the Unemployed

A-10.
A-11.
A-12.
A-13.
A-14.
A-15.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.

Unemployed persons by marital status, sex, age, and race
Unemployed persons by occupation of last job and sex
Unemployed persons by industry of last job and sex
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, duration, sex, and age
Unemployed jobseekers by the jobsearch methods used, sex, age, and race'
Unemployed jobseekers by the jobsearch methods used, sex, and reason
for unemployment
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by duration, sex, age, race, and marital status
Unemployed persons by duration, occupation, and industry of last job

48
49
49
50
50
51
51
52
52
53

Characteristics of the Employed

A-20.
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.

Employed persons by sex and age
Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
Employed persons by occupation, sex, and race
Employed persons by class of worker, age, and sex
Employed persons by industry and occupation
Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason, pay status, and sex
Persons at work by type of industry and hours of work
Persons at work 1-34 hours by usual status and reason for working less than 35 hours
Nonagricultural workers by industry and full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by full- or part-time
status, sex, age, race, and marital status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by full- or part-time status and sex

53
54
55
56
56
57
57
58
58
59
60

Characteristics of 14 and 15 year-olds

A-31.

Employment status of 14-15 year-olds by sex and race

61

A-32.

Employed of 14-15 year-olds by sex, class of worker, and occupation

61

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data

A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.
A-42.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex and age,
seasonally adjusted
Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force, seasonally adjusted
Employment status by race, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Rates of unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted

62
63
63
64
64
65
65
66
66
67

Characteristics of Vietnam-Era Veterans and Nonveterans




A-43.

Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age

....

68

QUARTERLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page
Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data

A-44.
A-45.
A-46.
A-47.
A-48.
A-49.
A-50.
A-51.
A-52.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race,
seasonally adjusted
Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex and age, seasonally
adjusted
Employment status by race, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Rates of unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally
adjusted

69
70
71
72
73
73
74
74
75

Persons Not In Labor Force

A-53.
A-54.
A-55.
A-56.
A-57.
A-58.

Job desire of persons not in labor force by current activity, reasons for not seeking
work, sex, and race, seasonally adjusted
Job desire of persons not in labor force and reasons for not seeking work by
age and sex
Job desire of persons not in labor force and reasons for not seeking work by
age, race, and sex
Persons not in labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by
age, race, sex, and detailed reason
Most recent work experience of persons not in labor force and reason for leaving
last job for those who worked during previous 12 months by age, race, and sex
Work-seeking intentions of persons not in labor force and work history of those who
intend to seek work within next 12 months by age, race, and sex

76
77
,

78
,

78
79
79

Race and Hispanic Origin Data

A-59.
A-60.
A-61.
A-62.
A-63.
A-64.
A-65.
A-66.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and
Hispanic origin
Employment status of persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by
sex and age
Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin . . .
Employed persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social
and economic categories
Employed persons by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Rates of unemployment by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin

30
81
82
83
84
84
85
85

Vietnam-Era Veterans and Nonveterans Data

A-67.
A-68.

Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveternas by age
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans 25 to 39
years by age, race, and Hispanic origin

..

86
og

.

Metropolltan-nonmetropolitan and Poverty-nonpoverty Area Data

A-69.
A-70.
A-71.

Employment status of the population in metropolitan-nonmetropolftan areas by
sex, age, and race
Employment status of the population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race
Unemployment rates for selected labor force groups in poverty and nonpoverty
areas by sex, age, and race

37
88
88

Family Relationship Data

A-72.
A-73.




Unemployed persons by family relationship and presence of employed family members
Employed persons by family relationship and presence of additional employed
family members
;

39
00

MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Page
Employment—National

B-1.
B- 2.
B- 3.
B- 4.
B- 5.
B- 6.
B-7.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry division, 1920 to date
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry, seasonally adjusted
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry, seasonally adjusted
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls,
seasonally adjusted
Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased

91
92
101
108
109
HO
111

Employment—State and Area

B- 8.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas, by industry division

112

Hours and Earnings—National

C-1.
C- 2.
C- 3.
C- 4.
C- 5.
C- 6.
C- 7.
C- 8.
C- 9.
C-10.
C-11.
C-12.

Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls, 1959 to date
Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls, by industry
Employment, hours, and indexes of earnings in the Executive Branch of the
Federal Government
Average hourly earnings excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing
payrolls, by industry
Gross and spendable average weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, in current and 1967 dollars
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers
on private nonagricultural payrolls
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls, by industry division and major manufacturing
group, seasonally adjusted
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry division and major manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or
nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division
Indexes of output and compensation per hour, unit costs, and prices, private business
sector, seasonally adjusted
Percent changes from preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, private business sector, seasonally adjusted, at annual rate

123
124
140
140
141
142
144
14

5

146
146
147
148

Hours and Earnings—State and Area

C-13.

Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by
State and selected areas

149

Labor Turnover—National

D-1.
D- 2.

Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1970 to date
Labor turnover rates, by Industry

D- 3.

Labor turnover rates In manufacturing, 1970 to date, seasonally adjusted

,—

164
155
159

Labor Turnover—State and Area

D- 4.

Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas

160

MONTHLY STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA




E-1.

Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas

163

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, June 1980

Employment continued to decline, but unemployment was virtually unchanged in June. Following extraordinarily large increases in both April and May, the
unemployment rate held about steady at 7.7 percent in
June.
Total employment—as measured by the monthly
survey of households—dropped by 450,000 over the
month. At 96.5 million in June, employment has declined 1.4 million since February and was at about the level
which prevailed a year ago.
Nonfarm payroll employment—as measured by the
monthly survey of establishments—fell by more than
half a million in June to 90.1 million and was also at
about its year-earlier level. Average weekly hours fell
for the fifth month in a row.
Unemployment
Both the number of unemployed in June, 8.0 million,
and the unemployment rate, 7.7 percent, remained near
their May levels. Despite the stability in overall
joblessness, the number of persons on layoff as well as
those whose jobs have been terminated continued to rise
in June. This was countered by a decline in the number
of unemployed who were reentrants into the labor force
and those leaving their jobs voluntarily. (See tables A-33
and A-39.)
Jobless rates for most worker groups showed little
change over the month. Accordingly, rates for adult
men (6.7 percent), adult women (6.5 percent), teenagers
(18.5 percent), whites (6.8 percent), black and other
workers (13.6 percent), and Hispanics (10.2 percent) remained close to those which prevailed in May. (See table
A-36.)
The median duration of unemployment rose from 5.7
to 6.4 weeks, as large numbers of workers who became
unemployed in recent months moved into the higher
duration categories. (See table A-37.)
The number of nonfarm workers on part-time work
schedules for economic reasons (often referred to as the
"partially unemployed") declined by 350,000 in June
after rising sharply in recent months. Their count of 4
million remained substantially above pre-recession
levels. (See table A-42.)
Total employment and the labor force
Employment fell by 450,000 in June, the fourth consecutive monthly decline. Since February, when the




employment level peaked, the number of persons with
jobs has fallen by 1.4 million. These declines have been
concentrated among adult men.
The downturn in employment since February about
matched the job gains of mid-to-late 1979, so that the
overall level of employment in June—96.5 million—was
about the same as in June 1979. There were, however,
contrasting over-the-year movements, as the level of
employment among adult women rose by about 1
million, while the number of employed adult men and
teenagers dropped by 700,000 and 470,000, respectively.
(See table A-33.)
Occupational employment trends which had been evident during the past few months continued in June.
Blue-collar employment continued to decline—by
440,000—while white-collar employment grew by
260,000 over the month. (See table A-42.)
The employment-population ratio dropped 0.4 point
to 58.1 percent in June, a full percentage point below
the figure of a year ago and the lowest in more than 2
years.
The civilian labor force fell by 600,000 in June, nearly
offsetting an even larger increase in May (725,000)
which had resulted from an earlier than usual summertime labor force entrance of persons under 25 years of
age. Thus, the small April-to-June increase is a more
realistic reflection of recent labor force developments
than is suggested by either the April-May or the MayJune movements.

Discouraged workers
Discouraged workers are those who report that they
want to work but are not looking for jobs because they
believe they cannot find any. Because they do not meet
the labor market test—that is, they are not engaged in
active job search—they are classified as not in the labor
force rather than unemployed. Data for this group are
published quarterly.
The number of discouraged workers declined by
75,000 in the second quarter to 920,000, but the level remained much higher than those posted during 1979.
Two-thirds of the total cited job-market factors as the
reason for their discouragement. As has typically been
the case, women and blacks accounted for disproportionately large percentages of the discouraged total. (See
table A-53.)

Industry payroll employment
Nonagricultural payroll employment decreased by
515,000 in June, the largest over-the-month decline
since December 1974. Progressively larger employment
decreases over the past several months have resulted in
an overall drop of 1.1 million jobs since February. At
90.1 million, the payroll employment total was only
175,000 above its year-ago level. (See table B-4.)
In June, substantial weakening became more evident
throughout the economy. Employment increases were
registered in only one-fifth of the 172 industries comprising the BLS diffusion index. Nevertheless, the overthe-month decline was concentrated in manufacturing,
where employment fell by mbre than 300,000, following
2 months of similar declines. Within manufacturing, the
durable goods industries were hardest hit. Employment
in both the primary metals and fabricated metals industries declined by about 50,000 for the second month
in a row, and sizeable job losses also occurred in
machinery, electrical equipment, furniture, and stone,
clay, and glass products. The number of jobs in the
transportation equipment industry was unchanged,
following 2 months of massive cutbacks. Decreases also
occurred in the nondurable goods industries, particularly in textiles, chemicals, and rubber and plastics.
Elsewhere in the goods-producing sector, mining
employment was unchanged, while construction continued its downward trend with a loss of 65,000 jobs.
Construction decreases have totaled 370,000 in the last 5
months.
The service-producing sector registered its first overthe-month decline since the 1974-75 recession, falling by
135,000 jobs. The decrease was concentrated in trade,
which experienced its fourtfi consecutive monthly
decline, and in services, which had been showing gains
prior to June.
Hours of work
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls continued




to drop in June, edging down 0.1 hour to 35.0 hours.
The manufacturing workweek was shortened by 0.2
hour in June and was down 1.2 hours since the beginning of the year. Manufacturing overtime was off 0.1
hour, following a decline of a half hour in May. (See
table C-7.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or
nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls
fell 1.0 percent in June to 122.2 (1967 = 100)—reflecting
the declines in both employment and weekly
hours—and was down 3.9 percent since January. The
manufacturing index declined 2.4 percent over the
month and 9.3 percent since January. (See table C-8.)

Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls rose
0.9 percent over the month and were 8.2 percent above
the June 1979 level (seasonally adjusted). Average weekly earnings were up 0.6 percent from May and 6.3 percent since June 1979.
Before adjustment for seasonality, average hourly
earnings rose 5 cents in June to $6.61 and were 50 cents
above the June 1979 level. Average weekly earnings
were $233.33, up $3.73 over the month and $13.98 over
the year. (See tables C-l and C-9.)

The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index—earnings adjusted for
overtime in manufacturing, seasonality, and the effects
of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage
and low-wage industries—was 250.7 (1967 = 100) in
June, 1.0 percent higher than in May. The Index was 9.4
percent above June a year ago. In dollars of constant
purchasing power, the Index decreased 4.7 percent during the 12-month period ended in May. (See table C-9.)

BLS Establishment Estimates
Revised to March 1979
Benchmarks
•Carol M. Utter

With the release of data for June 1980, the Bureau of
Labor Statistics introduced revised establishment survey
estimates of employment, hours, earnings, and labor
turnoyer to reflect the most recent complete employment counts (benchmarks) for March 1979. The Bureau
also has introduced revised seasonally adjusted series
and new seasonal factors, as is the usual practice with
the introduction of the benchmarked data. The Bureau
has adopted the X-ll ARIMA1 seasonal adjustment
method to revise the historical series of seasonally adjusted data and to produce seasonal factors for the coming year.
BLS revises the establishment estimates annually to
incorporate the most up-to-date information derived
from unemployment insurance (UI) tax returns filed by
employers with their State employment security agencies. These revisions affect most of the employment
series from March 1978 (the previous complete count)
forward to the current month's estimate. Estimates of
State and local government employment, however, have
been revised from March 1977 forward, the previous
benchmark for these series. Estimates of hours, earnings, and labor turnover, which are weighted by
employment estimates, also may be revised as a result of
the changes in employment levels.
The benchmark procedure serves as a quality control
process by providing both a more accurate measure of
employment levels and a more accurate perspective on
trends. Normally, new benchmarks are determined for
March of each year at the most detailed industrial
classification for which estimates are made. The difference between the benchmark employment level for
March and the corresponding estimate for March (projected from the benchmark for the previous March) is
assumed to have accumulated at a constant rate over the
previous 12 months. Most series, therefore, are adjusted
by applying a ratio to the estimates to "wedge out" the
difference over the 12-month period from the new
benchmark to the preceding one. The benchmark level
(in this case, March 1979) is then projected forward to
the current month based on the trend shown in monthly
reports submitted by a sample of employers. The




estimates adjusted to the new levels are then aggregated
through successively larger groupings to total
nonagricultural employment.
Effect of the current benchmark adjustment
The March 1979 benchmark for total nonagricultural
employment—88.7 million—was 0.4 million above the
corresponding sample-based estimate, a difference of
0.5 percent or 7.3 percent of the year-to-year change
(table 1). The largest adjustments were in construction
and State and local government. Construction employment was revised downward by 3.2 percent; growth in
this industry had been overestimated. State and local
government employment was revised upward by 2.3 percent; most of the increase resulted from the introduction
of improved benchmark source materials. Table 2 indicates the magnitude of the differences arising from the
current and previous revisions, by year and industry
division.
BLS monthly estimates of employment, hours, and
earnings are published in considerable industry detail.
Based upon the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
system, estimates are prepared at the industry level
(four-digit SIC) for manufacturing and at the industry
group level (three-digit SIC) for most nonmanufacturing industries. Within the three-digit industry groups
(manufacturing and nonmanufacturing) for which
employment estimates are published, 29 of the 255
groups were revised by 5 percent or more. The largest
industries in terms of employment tended to have the
smallest percentage revisions (table 3). The March 1979
estimates and benchmark levels for the major industry

• Carol M. Utter is a statistician in the Division of Monthly Employment
Statistics, Office of Employment Structure and Trends, Bureau of Labor
Statistics.
1
The X-ll ARIMA program, developed by the Seasonal Adjustment and
Time Series Staff of Statistics Canada, is described in The X-ll
ARIMA
Seasonal Adjustment Method, by Estela Bee Dagum (Statistics Canada
Catalogue No. 12-564E, September 1979). For a detailed account of the use of
ARIMA models with other data, see "Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Labor
Force Series" by Robert J. Mclntire, in the January 1980 issue of Employment
and Earnings.

Table 1. Comparison of nonagricultural employment estimates with benchmarks by industry division, March 1979
(Numbers in thousands)
Percent of

Difference
Industry division

stimate

Bench™*
Amount

change 1

Percent

88,207

88,654

447

0.5

7.3

Total private

72,408

72,552

144

.2

3.8

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities
Trade
Wholesale
Retail
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Federal
State and local

926
4,226
20,887
5.060
19,690
5,098
14,592
4,870
16,749
15,799
2,740
13,059

928
4,093
20,972
5,045
19,809
5,135
14,674
4,876
16,829
16,102
2,740
13,362

2
-133
85
-15
119
37
82
6
80
303
0
303

.2

.9
36.9
10.0
6.2
12.8
13.1
12.7
2.4
8.3
67.4
0
72.2

Total

-3.2

.4
-.3
.6
.7
.6
.1
.5
1.9
0
2.3

Percent of change from March 1978 to March 1979.

Table 2. Percent differences between nonagricultural
employment estimates and benchmarks by industry
division, selected years, 1971-79
March
Industry division

1971 1973 * 1974 1977 2 1978 1979

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities
Trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government

-0.2

1.6

0.1

0.1

07
.

.2
3.1
-.4

3.5
9.6
1.1

3.0
-.6
.
1

2.7
.6
-.4

.2
1.9
1.6 -3.2
.4
.6

-.9
-.3

.7
2.2

-.1

-.2
-.4
0

.5
.9
.5

05
.

-1.8

1.1
.7
-.5

.9
.4

-.3
.6

1.0
.6
.8

1.0
1.2

.
1
.5
1.9

1973 is a 2-year revision.
The comparison for the detailed industry divisions is between estimates on the 1967 SIC and the 1972 SIC.
Less than 0.05 percent.
Estimates of State and local government were not revised.
groups (two-digit SIC) in manufacturing appear in table
4. Of the 20 major groups in this division, 14 were revised by 1 percent or less. Revisions were somewhat larger
for the basic three-and four-digit industries, but almost
three-fifths of these differed by less than 3 percent and
about one-sixth differed by 5 percent or more.
8




Why estimates differ from benchmarks
There are three basic reasons for the differences between benchmarks and estimates: (1) errors in trend
caused by nonrepresentative samples, (2) Errors in adjustment for the entry of new firms, and (3) improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. A
fourth reason for differences, which affects individual
industry estimates but not the total, results from
changes in industrial classification of individual
establishments.

Table 3. Distribution of published 3-digit SIC industries by
size of industry and percent difference between employment estimates and benchmarks, March 1979

Percent
difference

Total
O-0.9
..
1.0-2.9
..
3.0-4.9...
5.0 and o v e r . . .

Total
number
of
industries

Size of industry
(number of employees)
100,000 200,000
and
to
over
199,999

Under
50,000

50,000
to
99,999

255

36

40

67

112

73
104
49
29

7
12
8
9

9
18
8
5

17
30
15
5

40
44
18
10

Table 4. Comparison of manufacturing employment estimates with benchmarks by major industry group, March 1979
(Numbers in thousands)
Difference
Industry group

Estimate

Benchmark
Amount

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

Percent

20,887

20,972

85

0.4

12,663.6

12,744.3

80.7

.6

745.5

752.8

491.8

501.6

7.3
9.8
-.3
6.9
-2.5
20.4

1.0
2.0

697.2

696.9

1,251.1
1,719.8

1,258.0
1,717.3

2,459.5
2,082.6
2,083.9
683.2
449.0

2,479.9
2,096.3

C)

440.9

13.7
35.2
-1.7
-8.1

.5
-.1
.8
.7
1.7
-.2
-1.8

8,222.9

8,227.0

4.1

0)

1,666.9
64.4

1,676.2

67.7

9.3
3.3

894.4

891.3
1,326.0
701.8
1,225.7
1,100.9
205.3
782.6
249.5

-3.1
-.6
-7.0
-3.8
-3.0
-3.0
8.2
3.8

.6
4.9
-.3

1,326.6
708.8
1,229.5
1,103.9
208.3
774.4
245.7

2,119.1
681.5

o

-1.0
-.3
-.3
-1.5
1.0
1.5

Less than 0.05 percent.

The primary reason for differences between estimates
and benchmarks lies in the limitation of any sample in
representing a universe; that is, a certain amount of error is to be expected from sample-derived estimates. A
complete monthly count of employment would reflect
all changes in the level from month to month, but complete coverage involving several million reports each
month would be prohibitively expensive and time consuming. The BLS establishment series, derived from a
sample of approximately 166,000 reports, provides
estimates at moderate cost within a month following the
reference week. Annual benchmark revisions, which are
an integral part of the survey program, remove the effect of these sampling errors from the all-employee
estimates.
Given the limitation of sample-based estimates, the
second reason for benchmark differences arises from errors in adjusting for the entry of new firms. For the
establishment survey% BLS uses the benchmark linkrelative estimating technique, which is a form of ratio
estimation. The employment estimates for a month are
projected from the levels estimated for the previous
month based on the change in the employment indicated




by the firms responding to the survey. It is difficult to
include reports from newly formed businesses in a
timely manner. This type of omission may be a source
of errors in the estimates in an industry that is
characterized by the formation of numerous new firms.
On the other hand, the sample does reflect business
deaths—businesses that discontinue operations.
BLS has developed bias adjustment factors which are
applied to the employment estimates to correct for the
underrepresentation of business births and for other
biases in the estimates. The bias adjustment factors,
which vary by industry, are based on past experiences
and are reviewed and recalculated as part of the benchmarking process. The factors in use between March
1978 and March 1979 were too high for several construction industries and too low for several trade and
services industries. The error due to incorrect bias factors contributed less than 100,000 to the March 1979
benchmark revision, compared with a figure of more
than 300,000 in the March 1978 revision. The estimates
projected from the revised 1979 employment levels
reflect new bias adjustment factors calculated as a result
of this most recent experience. The effect of the new

9

factors is to reduce the magnitude of the March
1979-March 1980 change by about 90,000.
A third cause of differences arises from improvements in the quality of the benchmark source
data. Although relatively infrequent, improvements in
the source data can introduce substantial changes in the
levels of certain sectors. This is the primary reason for
the relatively large revision in the estimates for State and
local government. These estimates have been adjusted
to more comprehensive counts of employment made
possible through the expansion of UI coverage to most
employees of State and local governments beginning in
1978. Previously, this sector was benchmarked to the
5-year censuses and annual surveys of governments conducted by the Bureau of the Census for October.
Employment levels from the new benchmark source
were approximately 300,000 higher than those estimated
from the previous source. The difference has been
wedged back two years rather than one, to the previous
benchmark (March 1977), which was based on the
October 1976 Survey of Governments. (See also discussion under "Benchmark source material.")
The fourth reason for differences between estimates
and benchmarks is the procedure used to keep the industrial classification of establishments up to date. An
establishment is classified by industry according to its
major activity, which is determined by the principal product produced or handled, or service rendered. An
establishment may engage in more than one activity. If
its output of products or services changes so that what
was once a secondary product or activity becomes a
primary one, the establishment is reclassified to the industry of its new major activity. These changes are introduced into the employment estimates at the time of
the benchmark adjustment, based on annual product
and activity reports. Thus, differences between
estimates and benchmarks for a particular industry may
result when the estimates are linked forward from
benchmark levels which do not reflect intervening
classification changes for individual establishments.2 At
the more detailed industry levels, particularly within
manufacturing, changes in classification are the major
cause of benchmark adjustments.
The March 1979 benchmarks were tabulated according to the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) Manual as amended by the 1977 Supplement. The
Supplement lists one new 4-digit industry—SIC 3716,
motor homes. Motor homes were formerly classified
under SIC 3792, travel trailers and campers. Because of
its small size, SIC 3716 will be combined with SIC 3715,
truck bodies, in the detail, published by BLS. Employment levels for this new industry combination have been
carried back to January 1977.
Benchmark source material
UI records are the primary sources of benchmark
data. With the expansion in coverage in January 1978,

10



UI programs now cover approximately 98 percent of
employees in the total nonagricultural sector and 97 percent of those in the private nonagricultural sector.
For the few remaining industries exempt from mandatory UI coverage, BLS uses other sources. Data on
employees covered under Social Security laws, published by the Bureau of the Census in County Business Patterns, are used to augment UI data for nonoffice insurance sales workers. Data for interstate railroads are
obtained from the Interstate Commerce Commission;
benchmarks for private elementary and secondary
schools are derived from data obtained from the U.S.
Office of Education and the National Catholic Welfare
Association. Employment figures for religious
organizations are obtained from data provided by the
National Council of Churches and recent surveys of
churches conducted by several State agencies.
Employment counts for the Federal Government are
derived from official summaries prepared by the Office
of Personnel Management (OPM). These summaries are
complete counts of Federal workers and are not subject
to benchmark revisions.3 The official OPM summaries
do not provide detail on Federal employment by industry, such as hospitals, on a current monthly basis.
These are projected by BLS from a sample of Federal
establishments.
For the first time, the Bureau has adjusted the State
and local government sector to benchmarks derived
from UI data. As mentioned earlier, UI coverage was
extended to most State and local government workers in
January 1978; however, tabulations for the first quarter
of 1978 contained significant problems which precluded
their use as benchmarks for that time period. Most of
these problems have been eliminated in the March 1979
tabulations.
Some employees of State and local governments are
not covered by UI. For example, interns and trainees in
hospitals are not covered, nor are most full-time college
students (and working spouses) who are on payrolls of
State colleges and Universities. (Interns, trainees, and
students on payrolls of private hospitals and colleges are
also excluded from UI coverage.) In addition, elected
officials, legislators, and members of the judiciary are
not covered; also temporary emergency employees and
employees who work less than a stipulated number of
hours per week for small local jurisdictions are not
covered in some States. Adjustments have been made
for these exclusions based on surveys conducted by
State agencies. The adjustments add about 3 percent to
the UI total.

2
The changes are wedged or tapered into the estimates over the year in which
the change in primary activity took place.
3
Employees of the Central Intelligence Agency and the National Security
Agency and employees of the Department of Defense paid from nonappropriated funds are not included in the OPM summaries or these series.

The March 1979 benchmark for State and local
government, thus derived, was higher than the corresponding estimate by 303,000. This difference has
been wedged back to March 1977, the previous
benchmark.
The Bureau's reporting sample is also an important
source of benchmark information. Since sample reports
are current and are reviewed monthly, reporting errors
that are detected and corrected in the sample reports can
also be corrected in the corresponding benchmark
reports. The industry classification of each sample
establishment is reviewed on the basis of information
supplied by the employer. Changes in industry
classification of sample reports often precede such
changes in other sources of information. Insofar as
sample reports are known to differ from the corresponding employer's reports included in other benchmark source material, the data from the other sources
are modified accordingly.
Relation of employment benchmarks to other
series
Complete counts for the series on women, production
workers, hours, earnings, and labor turnover actions
are not available. These series are produced by applying
an estimated ratio of women and production workers to
the estimated all-employee figures or the average hours,
earnings, or labor turnover rates derived monthly from
the BLS reporting sample. For primary estimating cells,
i.e. region and/or size strata within the most detailed industry classifications, the women-worker/all-employee
ratio, the production-worker/all-employee ratio,
average weekly hours, average hourly earnings, and
labor turnover rates are estimated directly from
reported figures. Series for broader industry groupings,
however, require a weighting mechanism to yield meaningful averages. The production or nonsupervisory
worker employment estimates for the primary cells are
used as weights for the hours and earnings estimates for
the broader industry groupings. The estimates of all
employees for the primary cells are used as weights for
the labor turnover rates for broader industry groupings.
Adjustments of the all-employee estimates to new
benchmarks may alter the weights, which, in turn, may
change the estimates for labor turnover, employment of
women, and employment, hours, and earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers. For employment
estimates—women and production or nonsupervisory
workers—the revisions at the estimating cell level are
added to become the summary level revisions. To influence the hours, earnings, and labor turnover averages
of a broad group, employment changes have to be
relatively large and must affect industries which have
substantially higher or lower averages than the other industries in their group. Generally speaking, new
benchmarks do not change hours, earnings, and labor
turnover series for groupings by more than 0.1 hour, 1




cent, or 0.1 per 100 employees, respectively. The
changes in the hours, earnings, and labor turnover
estimates for broad industry categories are shown in
table 5.
Revision of seasonally adjusted data
As is the usual practice, BLS has revised all seasonally
adjusted series by incorporating the changes in levels
caused by the benchmark revision and the addition of
the most recent year of data for the calculation of new
seasonal adjustment factors for the coming year. This
year, BLS is also introducing an improved seasonal adjustment methodology—the X-ll ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average) program, which
is an extension of the Census X-ll method. The
ARIMA models used to project or extrapolate the data
series for 1 year ahead have not been incorporated in
seasonally adjusting the establishment series.
The X-ll ARIMA program is similar to other ratioto-moving average approaches, but it has other options
(besides ARIMA) which were not available in the BLS
Seasonal Factor Method used previously. The new program provides the user with the option of specifying
either a multiplicative or an additive model. In the first
case, the seasonally adjusted series is calculated by
dividing each month's original value by the corresponding seasonal factor, and in the second case, by subtracting the seasonal factor from the original value. A test
of the models with the establishment series has indicated
selection of the additive model could result in slightly
improved seasonally adjusted estimates for a small
number of series. However, since the improvements
were marginal, the jnultiplicative model has been retained for all establishment series in the current adjustment.
Seasonal factors were not computed for a number of
series4 which are characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular
components. The unadjusted series is shown and used in
the aggregation to broader level seasonally adjusted
series for those series so identified. Later reviews and
continuing research may result in a decision to change
models for some series in subsequent revisions.
Some series require special adjustments. For example,
the retail trade employment series, which is affected by
abrupt shifts in employment at the Christmas season,
and which is also affected significantly by the shifting
date of Easter, is subjected to special seasonal adjustment procedures. BLS also takes into account, in
seasonally adjusting the employment series for the
transportation equipment industry, the shifting dates of
automobile plant retooling during the summer months.
The Federal Government series is adjusted to remove the
effect of the temporary hiring of postal workers at
Christmas time.

The series are identified in tables 7 through 13.

11

Table 5. Comparison of hours, earnings, and labor turnover estimates based on previous (1978) benchmarks with estimates revised to March 1979
benchmarks by industry division and selected major industry group, March 1979
Labor turnover accession
rates (per 100 employees)

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly hours
Industry division and group
Previous
estimate

Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Transportation and public utilities
Trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services




Revised
estimate

35.7
42.9
37.0
40.6

42.9
37.1
40.6

41.4
39.7
39.0
41.8
41.9
41.3
42.6
40.7
42.3
41.3
39.2

39.7
39.0
41.8
41.9
41.3
42.6
40.7
42.3
41.3
39.2

39.3

39.3

39.6
38.1
40.4
35.4
42.6
37.7
41.9
43.8
41.4
35.9
39.8
32.4
36.3
32.6

39.6
38.1
40.4
35.4
42.6
37.7
41.9
43.8
41.4
35.9
39.8
32.4
36.3
32.6

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

$6.02

8.27
8.97
6.56

8.28
8.99
6.56

-.01
-.02
0

7.00

-.01

5.84
4.95
6.64
8.75
6.72
7.19
6.16
8.42
6.04
4.95

5.83
4.95
6.65
8.75
6.75
7.20
6.17
8.42
6.05
4.95

5.85

41.4

0
-.1
0

Revised
estimate

6.99

35.7

Previous
estimate

$6.02

Difference

5.85

6.12
6.64
4.52
4.19
6.88
6.77
7.36
9.31
5.86
4.17
7.90
4.98
5.16
5.26

6.12
6.62
4.52
4.18
6.89
6.81
7.37
9.30
5.85
4.16
7.89
4.99
5.14
5.27

.1
0
0
.1
0
0
.3
0
.1
0
.1
0
0
.1
0
0

0
02
0
01
01
04
01
01
01
01
01
01
02
.1
0

Previous
estimate

Revised
estimate

5.0

5.0

3.8

3.8

3.6

3.6

58
.
49
.
49
.
26
.
37
.
28
.
35
.
34
.
27
.
52
.

5.8
4.9
4.9
2.6
3.7
2.8
3.5
3.4
2.7
5.2

4.1

Difference

4.1

53
.
22
.
45
.
52
.
27
.
33
.
18
.
23
.
45
.
63
.

5.3
2.3
4.5
5.2
2.6
3.3
1.8
2.2
4.6
6.4

Difference

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
- 1
—

0
0
.1
0
0
.1
-.1
-.1

Seasonal factors in labor turnover reflect the variation in the number of times a day of the week (Monday,
for example) falls in a particular month. To eliminate
this calendar irregularity, the Bureau uses the "trading
day" factor option in the X-ll ARIMA program.
Publication of revised historical data
Revised historical data for detailed industry
categories of employment, hours, earnings, and labor
turnover will be presented in a supplement to Employment and Earnings to be issued in August. Revised
seasonally adjusted data will be shown for the periods
January 1975 through March 1980; unadjusted data will
be shown from January 1977 through March 1980.5
Data for earlier time periods can be found in Employment and Earnings, United States, 1909-78 (BLS
Bulletin 1312-11), issued in 1979.




Monthly employment estimates are published for
most of the significant industries in the nonagricultural
sector. Those industries for which monthly data are not
published either are too small or are not represented by
a sufficient sample. However, the March benchmark
figures for a number of such industries are published in
table 6.
Seasonal adjustment factors are recalculated annually
and updated factors are published in conjunction with
the benchmark revisions. The seasonal factors that will
be used for the period April 1980 through March 1981
for all establishment series are shown in tables 7 through
13.
5
For convenience to the user, seasonally adjusted data for 1974 will also be
displayed. The August 1980 supplement will thus supplant all revisions reported
in the November 1979 supplement.

13

Table 6. Employment benchmarks for Industries not published monthly, March, 1972-79
(In thousands)

1972
SIC Code

Indus t ry

March
1972 i

March
1973

March
1974 »

March
1975

March
1976

March
1977

March
1978

March
1979

-

72,138

75,422

77,362

75,686

78,092

80,493

84,455

88,654

Total private

-

58,717

61,568

63,089

60,789

62,967

65,294

68,729

72,552

Goods-producing...
Mining
Lead and zinc ores
Other metal ores
Anthracite mining
•
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Natural gas liquids
Nonmetallic minerals, exc. fuels,nee.
Construction
Concrete work
Water well drilling
Misc. special trade contractors
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Special product sawmills, nee
Structural wood members, nee
Nailed and lock corner wood boxes
and shook
Wood pallets and skids
Wood containers, nee
Prefabricated wood buildings and
components
Wood preserving
Particleboard and wood products,nee.
Wood TV, radio, phonograph, and
household furniture
Wood office furniture
Metal office furniture
Wood partitions and fixtures
Metal partitions and fixtures.......
Drapery hardware & blinds & shades..
Furniture and fixtures, nee
Brick and structural clay tile
Clay refractories
Other structural clay products
Vitreous plumbing fixtures
Vitreous china and earthenware
food utensils
«..
Porcelain electrical supplies
Pottery products, nee
Lime and gypsum products
Cut stone and stone products
Gaskets, packing and sealing devices
Minerals, ground or treated
Monday refractories and nonmetallic mineral products, nee
Electrometallurgical products
Steel wire and related products
Cold finishing of steel shapes
Steel investment foundries
Primary copper
Primary lead and zinc
Primary nonferrous metals, nee
Secondary nonferrous metals
Aluminum extruded products
Aluminum and nonferrous rolling and
drawing, nee
•
Brass, bronze, and copper foundries.
Nonferrous foundries, nee
Misc. primary metal products
Metal heat treating
Primary metal products, nee...
Metal barrels, drums, and pails
Cutlery

24,174 24,570 21,951
22,905
10-14
618
620
665
730
7. 3
7.4
7. 0
103
8. 1
104-6,8,9
16. 9
3
21. 7
15.
18.9
11
4. 0
3. 9
3.7
3. 6
139. 9
135.6
135. 0
146. 4
131
3. 7
4. 1
132
3. 6
3.8
17. 4
141,5,8,9
17. 3
18.6
18. 5
15-17
3,553
3,718
3,878
3,235
177
89. 4
99. 4
111.8
72. 3
14. 1
14. 7
178
16.0
15. 4
272. 7
277. 8
179
300. 8
315.3
18,734
20-39
19,836 20,027
18,000
24,25,32-39 10,773
11,664
10,634
11,876
6. 1
6. 6
2429
6. 0
7.3
10. 9
8. 3
2439
11. 7
11.3

Total

See footnotes at end of table.

14




25,993
22,728
23,488 24,554
928
761
805
699
8. 0
7. 3
7.8
6.2
4
23. 9
35.4
27.3
31.
3. 6
3. 1
3.3
3.1
154. 1
159.3
173. 5
185.3
4. 0
4. 2
4.7
4.2
19. 0
18. 1
18.1
18.9
3,276
3,430
3,733
4,093
80. 1
87.3
96. 4
105.3
19.0
19. 7
16. 2
19.5
342.4
287.4
307. 3
275. 2
18,691
19,253 20,122 20,971
12,744
11,322
10,861
11,992
7. 0
6. 3
6.8
6.6
9. 7
17.0
12.1
15. 1

2441
2448
2449

12. 0
17. 9
14. 8

12. 5
19. 1
14. 7

12.8
22.1
13.8

9. 7
16. 8
10. 9

10. 2
18. 9
11. 1

10.0
20.7
10.7

9. 0
22. 6
10. 9

8.9
27.8
10.8

2452
2491
2492,9

27. 4
12. 5
63. 9

27. 2
12. 8
69. 5

22.7
13.3
70.2

17. 6
12. 9
55. 8

19. 6
11. 8
62. 7

21.3
12.5
64.6

25. 1
13. 0
69. 1

25.0
13.5
71.2

2517,9
2521
2522
2541
2542
2591
2599
3251
3255
3253,9
3261

18. 1
12. 1
28. 4
29. 0
24. 6
13. 8
10. 2
24. 9
12. 3
18. 4
10. 3

19. 0
12. 8
30. 0
31. 8
26. 9
14. 7
10. 9
26. 1
13. 2
18. 0
11. 0

19. 1
13.5
32.5
31.5
27.2
15.3
10.3
25.6
13.8
18.8
11.5

14. 2
11. 3
27. 3
25. 9
24. 1
12. 2
9. 9
18. 0
13. 4
14. 8
8. 6

14. 0
11. 7
25. 1
28. 0
24. 1
13. 1
9. 3
20. 0
11. 7
14. 4
9. 8

14.8
14.0
26.7
29.8
26.5
14.2
10.2
20. 1
13.0
14.3
10.2

16. 8
16. 2
29. 7
32. 1
28. 2
16. 0
11. 1
21. 6
12. 9
14. 8
11. 3

15.9
17.1
32.2
33.3
30.1
16.5
11.8
22.0
14.1
15.8
11.2

3262,3
3264
3269
3274,5
328
3293
3295

10. 1
10. 8
11. 7
21. 7
13. 4
23. 6
13. 2

11. 0
11. 9
12. 4
22. 2
13. 8
27. 4
13. 6

9.8
12.6
13.5
22. 1
13.4
30.0
15.0

9. 7
11. 3
13. 3
19. 8
12. 3
22. 7
14. 6

9. 8
10. 2
14. 8
19. 8
11. 9
24. 6
13. 9

8.9
10.7
14.9
19.7
12.1
25.9
14.8

9. 5
10. 8
14. 6
21. 0
11. 9
27. 9
14. 7

9.4
10.7
15.3
21.7
12.1
29.3
16.3

3297,9
3313
3315
3316
3324
3331
3332,3
3339
334
3354

14. 7
14. 6
20. 9
16. 6
8. 7
17. 6
9. 0
8. 3
17. 5
30. 2

16. 6
15. 5
21. 9
18. 5
10. 1
17. 7
9. 2
8. 3
17. 8
31. 3

17.6
15.9
22.8
19.4
9. 7
17.2
9.5
10.2
20.4
32.4

15. 8
15. 7
20. 3
17. 0
8. 3
17. 4
9. 8
10. 5
18. 9
24. 2

16. 3
13. 5
20. 7
16. 5
8. 5
15. 3
9. 4
10. 8
19. 3
25. 5

15.4
14.8
20.8
17.8
9.7
15.7
9.2
10.0
20.6
30.3

17. 5
14. 1
23. 1
19. 8
1 1.9
15. 7
9. 4
10. 1
21. 6
33. 9

18.3
14.7
25.9
20.5
11.6
15.5
9.6
10.3
24.4
33.3

3355,6
3362
3369
339
3398
3399
3412
3421

22. 1
17. 2
18. 9
17. 7
9. 9
7. 8
12. 9
13. 9

23. 4
19. 5
21. 5
19. 1
10. 4
8. 7
12. 7
14. 5

25.6
20.7
19.1
20.6
10.8
9.8
13.2
15.2

22. 3
18. 6
15. 1
18. 6
10. 5
8. 1
11. 8
14. 7

21. 5
17. 9
18. 2
18. 8
10. 4
8. 4
12. 5
14. 9

22.9
18.7
20.3
20.9
11.3
9.6
13. 1
15.3

23. 6
19. 2
20. 3
23. 0
12. 9
10. 1
13. 3
16. 0

24.8
20.4
22.0
25.1
13.7
11.4
13.9
15.9

Table 6.

Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March, 1972-79—Continued

(In thousands)
Industry

Metal sanitary ware....
Prefabricated metal buildings
Misc. metal work
Nonferrous forgings and crowns and
closures
Steel springs, except wire
Wire springs
Fabricated pipe and fittings
Metal foil and leaf, and fabricated
pipe fittings..•
Lawn and garden equipment
Elevators and moving stairways
Hoists, cranes, and monorails..
Rolling mill machinery
Metalworking machinery, nee
Woodworking machinery
Paper industries machinery
Special industry machinery, nee
Industrial patterns
Industrial furnaces and ovens
General industrial machinery, nee...
Office machines, scales and
balances, exc. laboratory
Automatic merchandising machines....
Commercial laundry equipment
Measuring and dispensing pumps and
service ind. mach., nee
Welding apparatus, electric
Carbon and graphite products
Electrical industrial apparatus, nee
Household cooking equipment
Other household appliances.
Commercial lighting fixtures
Vehicular & lighting equipment, nee.
Phonograph records
Electronic capacitors
Electronic resistors and connectors.
Electronic coils and transformers...
Primary batteries, dry and wet
X-ray apparatus and tubes
Other misc. electrical equipment....
Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts
Space propulsion units and other
space vehicle equipment
Other transportation equipment
Fluid meters and counting devices...
Measuring and controlling devices,
nee
Dental equipment and supplies
Silverware and plated ware
Jewelers' materials and lapidary
work
Pens and mechanical pencils
Lead pencils and art goods
Marking devices, carbon paper and
inked ribbons
Artificial flowers and buttons
Needles, pins, and fasteners........
Brooms and brushes
Burial caskets
Manufacturing Industries, nee
Nondurable goods
Poultry and egg processing
Creamery butter and condensed and
evaporated mi Ik

1972
SIC Code

March
1972 1

March
1973

March
1974 1

March
1975

March
1976

March
1977

March
1978

March
1979

3431
3448
3449

12.5
16. 1

13.2
20.4
9.6

12.8
24.4
12.2

8.8
17. 7
10.4

9.9
19.8
8.9

10.5
20.1
8.6

11.2
25.4
10.3

11.5
27.6
10.7

3463,6
3493
3495
3498

9.3
7.9
14.7
22.9

9.8
8. 1
15.9
23.3

10.3
8.2
16.4
23.4

10.3
7.0
12.8
24.1

10.0
8.2
13.4
24.7

11.3
8.5
15.0
24.4

10.9
8.4
16. 1
26.0

11.2
9.0
16.6
27.1

3497,9
3524
3534
3536
3547
3549
3553
3554
3559
3565
3567
3569

45.3
16.6
16.6
16.6
11.4
13.1
10.3
14.3
48.5
9.4
16.9
39.7

48.1
19.5
16.7
18.0
11.9
13.1
12.1
16.2
53.0
10.3
18.9
42. 1

49.1
19.7
16.3
19.6
13.5
13.7
13.4
18.4
58.2
10.7
20.5
45.2

40.8
18.8
14.1
19.7
14.3
12.9
11.2
19.0
56.2
9.6
18.4
43.8

44.3
18.0
11.7
19.3
12.8
11.5
10.7
17.9
52.5
9.4
17.5
42.9

46.9
18.8
11.4
20.0
10.4
12.4
11.2
18.2
54.1
10.0
18.0
41.9

49.0
20.7
11.9
16.9
10.2
13.1
12.4
18.0
57.0
10.4
19.5
44.2

49.6
23.9
12.8
19. 7
11.5
14.4
13.3
19.3
60.8
10.7
19.9
48.2

3576,9
3581
3582

31.7
10.2
6.2

32.0
10.9
6.4

35.0
12.8
6.2

31.8
7.1
5.4

30.7
7.8
5.6

35.1
7.7
5.8

35.2
9.8
6.0

41.3
10.5
5.9

3586,9
3623
3624
3629
3631
3635,6,9
3646
3647,8
3652
3675
3676,8
3677
3692
3693
3699
375

35.8
14.1
12.7
11.0
22.4
34.4
16.3
20.1
23.9
18.9
10.0
15.5
11.0
11.6
13.9
17.5

37.5
15.7
13.6
12.7
25.2
38. 1
17.4
21.2
25.3
22.2
12.0
18.8
12.1
13.3
14.1
19.7

38.7
17.0
14.4
14.1
20.9
39.3
18.3
21.5
24.0
2 5.0
17. 1
20.7
13.7
15.0
13.8
20.5

37.3
17.2
13.4
11.2
16.4
29.6
14.2
19.3
20.5
15.7
13.6
15.1
11.1
17.0
10.7
13.9

37.0
15.6
12.6
10.7
21.9
33.5
13.4
23.0
24.2
18.6
12.9
17.2
12.8
17.9
11.2
17.1

37.1
16.7
13.4
11.8
24.3
33.0
14.6
22.7
24.0
20.3
15.9
20.2
14.7
18.3
14.9
17.3

38.1
18.3
13. 1
13.8
25.6
37.3
15.3
25.3
27. 1
23.6
19.0
22.4
16.2
22.7
16.2
19.1

42.2
19. 6
13.9
14.3
25.0
37.0
17.3
27.9
27.9
25.6
21.7
25.6
16.0
25.6
14.9
18.6

3764,9
3795,9
3824

17.0
15.1
13.6

15.9
16.9
13.9

14.1
15.7
15.2

13.8
16.2
13.5

14.6
17.4
13.3

18.0
19.1
14.3

18.4
20.9
14.6

20.0
22.5
17.5

3829
3843
3914

17.1
11.9
10.9

17.7
12.7
11.9

18.5
14.5
12.7

17. 7
14.9
11.2

17.5
15.4
11.6

19.1
16.9
11.6

21.2
16.9
11.7

22.2
17.7
1 1.8

3915
3951
3952

7.1
10

8.0
11.7
8.6

8. 1
12.3
9.1

8.0
9.9
8.3

9.3
11.3
9.0

9.0
11.2
8.9

9.6
12.2
9.6

9.2
12.3
9.5

3953,5
3962,3
3964
3991
3995
3996,9

13.4
10.5
21.6
16.9
14.9
58.8

14.1
1 1. 1
21.7
18.3
14.9
62.1

14.2
10.4
20.2
17.4
14.5
62.6

12.9
8.9
16.4
15.2
13.6
55.4

13.8
9.9
17.5
17.3
12.8
58.1

14.2
8.9
19.6
18. 1
12.5
59.9

14.8
8.9
19.4
17.8
12.7
63.0

16.4
8. 6
19.0
17.2
12.2
64. 7

8,172

8, 151

7,366

7,830

7,931

8,130

8,227

20-23,26-31

7,961

2017

13.2

13.5

14.9

12.8

14.5

13.6

12.9

15.2

2021,3

18.3

17.4

17.6

17.7

16.4

15.4

14.9

15.7

See footnotes at end of table.




15

Table 6.

Employment benchmarks for Industries not published monthly, March, 1972-79—Continued

(in thousands)
Indus try

Ice cream and frozen desserts
Dehydrated fruits, soups, and
vegetables
Pickles, sauces, and salad dressings
Frozen specialties
•
Cereal breakfast foods
Wet corn milling
Dog, cat, and other pet food
Rice milling and blended and
prepared flour
Chocolate and cocoa products and
chewing gum
•••
Oil mills
Animal and marine fats and oils
Shortening and cooking oils
Malt and other flavoring extracts
and syrups
Wines, brandy, and brandy spirits...
Distilled liquor, exc. brandy
Canned and cured seafoods
Fresh or frozen packaged fish
Roasted coffee
Misc. food preparation
Cigars
Other tobacco manufactures
Knit fabric and knitting mills, nee.
Finishing plants, nee
Wool yarn mills
Thread mills
Coated fabrics, not rubberized
Tire cord and fabric
Cordage and twine
Other textile goods
Men's and boys' underwear
Men's and boys' neckwear
Men's and boys' clothing, nee
Hats, caps, and millinery
Children's coats and suits
Children's outerwear, nee
Fur goods
Fabric dress and work gloves
Robes and dressing gowns
Waterproof outer garments
Apparel and accessories, nee.
Textile bags
Canvas and related products.
Pleating and stitching
Other fabricated textile products...
Pulp mills
Building paper and board mills
Die-cut paper and board
Sanitary paper products
Other converted paper products
Set-up paperboard boxes
Fiber cans, drums, and similar
products
Engraving and plate printing
Commercial printing, gravure
Greeting card publishing.••
Blankbooks and looseleaf binders*.••
Bookbinding and related work
Typesetting
Other publishing and printing
Alkalies and chlorine
Industrial gases
See fc

16




nd of table.

March
19721

March
1973

March
19741

March
1975

March
1976

March
1977

March
1978

March
1979

2024

20.5

21.3

19.6

19.4

18.8

19.4

18.2

19.4

2034
2035
2038
2043
2046
2047

15.1
22.4
24.2
13.6
16.2
13.6

13.8
21.5
26.6
14.9
14.4
14.6

15.4
23.1
27.1
15.8
14.2
16.1

14.4
21.0
23.6
16.1
13.5
16.9

16.3
23.8
27.1
16.1
12.3
17.7

16.8
2 3.0
29.3
16.8
13.3
16.6

16.6
24.3
31.9
16.4
13.0
17.8

17.9
23.3
34.2
16.0
12.9
17.5

2044,5

10.2

10.7

11.7

11. 9

11.6

12.3

12.6

13.7

2066,7
2074,5,6
2077
2079

20.9
16.0
11.4
11.4

19.9
16.7
11.4
11.4

19.4
17.7
11.6
12.3

16.9
17.3
11.4
12.7

19.4
17.5
10.8
13.5

20.0
16.2
12.5
12.9

18.9
18.5
11.1
13.3

19.8
19.4
11.0
14.3

2083,7
2084
2085
2091
2092
2095
2097-9
212
213,4
2258,9
2269
2283
2284
2295
2296
2298
2291-4,7,9
2322
2323
2329
2351,2
2363
2369
237
2381
2384
2385
2386,7,9
2393
2394
2395
2397,9
261
266
2645
2647
2646,8,9
2652

12.2
9.7
22.1
17.1
29.2
14.6
86.4
15.2
15.0
28.9
19.0
15.8
11.7
13.1
11.6
11.1
36.0
20.5
10.1
56.1
14.2
8.7
27.2
4.7
13.5
12.4
18.1
20.8
7.7
14.1
17.6
24.2
13.4
13.4
16.7
15.4
40.8
16.3

12.9
10.6
20.7
15.9
27.8
14.6
87.4
14.7
14.3
29.0
20.0
17.6
12.5
13.7
12.1
11.1
37.1
19.9
10.3
59.1
15.6
9.8
36.3
4.3
15.4
12.5
17.9
21.4
8.0
15.3
16.9
34.7
13.9
14.0
18.5
16.5
42.0
16.1

13.4
11.5
19.8
18.0
27.
15.
88.1
14.
13.
30.0
20.3
14.7
11.9
13.0
12.8
11.8
37.9
19.0
9.2
57.4
15.1
8.8
34.3
3.5
16.6
12.4
16.1
20.4
8.7
15.1
16.4
30.7
14.3
13.9
18.5
16.3
45.2
15.8

13.3
12.6
19.0
16.4
24.5
14. 1
83.6
12.4
14.1
25.9
15.6
10.2
8.3
10.8
10.9
9.9
31.7
13.9
6.5
49.2
15.2
7.5
30.6
3.6
12.5
9.2
14.0
19.9
7.4
13.0
13.5
24.4
14.1
11.2
16.0
15.3
38.6
12.1

13.2
11.5
19.3
16.7
26.8
14.2
87.4
10.4
12. 7
26.7
18.4
10.9
10.9
12.8
11.8
10.0
35.9
15.7
7.5
55.6
15.7
8.8
34.6
4.0
12.3
11. 1
14.5
22.5
8.1
13.3
15.2
30.0
15.6
11.8
16.9
19.3
41.2
13.6

13.2
11.1
18.5
17.7
28.6
13.8
92.1
9.4
13.7
24.7
17.3
11.7
11.0
12.7
12.0
10.7
34.6
15.9
6.7
57.7
15.4
8.1
34.0
4.0
13.9
11.3
13.6
21.6
8.5
13.4
15.0
29.9
16.8
12.1
17.2
22.3
42.6
13.3

14.2
12.9
18.5
18.5
30.8
13.7
96.8
9.1
14.3
25.1
16.4
10.9
10.9
12.0
11.0
10.5
36.6
16.5
7.2
60.7
15.6
8.2
33.9
4.2
14.5
11.7
13.1
21.8
9.3
13.9
17.2
29.7
17.3
13.5
17.4
25.5
44.9
13.0

14.2
12.4
18.5
17.6
33.2
13.3
96.5
8.3
14.2
26.316.4
9.9
10.1
11.7
11.5
10.5
36.6
17.3
6.8
58.5
16.4
7.5
31.8
4.3
15.2
11.1
12.6
20.4
9.4
14,8
16.1
33.2
15.8
12.8
17.6
25.5
44.1
12.6

2655
2753
2754
111
2782
2789
2791
2793-5
2812
2813

18.1
12.3
9.0
21.2
30.9
25.9
24.2
17.5
24.0
15.4

20.7
12.8
9.3
22.9
32.9
26.0
24.5
17.3
23.6
16.1

21.6
12.7
8.4
22.5
34.1
24.9
23.9
16.7
22.8
16.9

18.0
11.1
7.8
21.9
31.8
23.1
23.4
15.6
23.2
17.1

19.0
11.6
7.8
20.0
32.0
23.0
22.9
15.1
21.8
17.6

18.5
11.6
10.0
21.0
33.5
22.8
23.8
15.0
21.9
21.3

19.0
11.2
12.0
22.0
35.9
24.0
24.8
15.4
23.6
21.0

19.4
11.5
10.9
23.0
38.3
23.9
26.7
16.4
21.3
21.7

1972
SIC Code

Table 6. Employment benchmarks for Industries not published monthly, March, 1972-79—Continued
(In thousands)
Indus Cry

Inorganic pigments
Synthetic rubber
Cellulosic man-made fibers
Biological products.*
Hedlcinals and botanicals
Nitrogenous fertilizers
Phosphatic fertilizers
Fertilizers, mixing only
Agricultural chemicals, nee
Adhesives and sealants
Explosives
•
Printing ink
Other chemical preparations
Paving mixtures and blocks
Asphalt felts and coatings
Misc. petroleum and coal products....
Fabricated rubber products
Boot and shoe cut stock and findings.
House slippers
Footwear, except rubber, nee
Wonen's handbags and purses
Personal leather goods, nee
Other leather products, nee

1972
SIC Code
2816
2822
2823
2831
2833
2873
2874
2875
2879
2891
2892
2893
2895,9
2951
2952
299
303,4,6
313
3142
3149
3171
3172
315,9

Other railroads and switching and
terminal companies
Other passenger transit services....
Trucking, local and long distance...
Trucking terminal facilities
Deep sea transportation
Water transportation services
Other water transportation
Air transportation services
Freight forwarding
Arrangement of transportation
Other transportation services
Telegraph communication
Communication services, nee
Wat r supply.
Ste m supply and irrigation systems.
Whole ale and retail trade
Whole ale trade
Far '-product raw materials
Retail trade.
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores..
Retail nurseries and garden stores.•
Mobile home dealers
Other food stores
New and used car dealers
Used car dealers
Other automotive dealers
Women's accessory and specialty
stores
•
Children's and Infants' wear stores.
Furriers and other misc. apparel
and accessories
Used merchandise stores
Finance, Insurance, and real estate...

March
1973

March
19741

March
1975

March
1976

March
1977

March
1978

11.4
16.4
38.7
17.9
14.8
11.0
15.6
13.8
18.3
13.8
23.2
11.3
40.9
10.9
18.5
11.3
133. 1
13.2
10.6
35.1
20.3
12.4
13.5

12.2
17.1
39.8
18.3
14.8
11.3
15.8
15.4
19.0
14.2
23.2
11.1
39.9
10.6
20.0
10.9
145.3
12.4
11.5
25.5
21.5
12.6
13.6

13.6
16.7
38.
19.
14.
11.
15.
16.0
21. 1
15.5
22.4
12.4
40.6
10.9
19.4
11.5
144. 2
11.4
11.4
25.5
20.9
12.8
14.5

12.7
14.5
25.2
18.7
15.0
12.0
16.8
16.0
23.3
14.8
19. 7
12.3
37.4
10.0
17.0
11.2
120.6
8.6
9.0
22.7
17.0
10.8
12.2

12.6
13.4
24.9
19.6
14.2
14.0
16.2
15.3
23.9
15.5
13.6
10.6
40.5
10.1
18.6
11. 1
126.5
10.3
' 8.2
23. 1
20.4
14.0
13.6

12.8
13.9
21.0
19.9
15.9
16.7
15.6
15.7
23.0
16.6
13.7
11.3
42.8
10.1
18. 7
11.0
133.7
10.1
8.3
21.6
19.8
13.9
14.3

12.6
14.1
20.9
20.7
16.0
14.5
15.0
14.4
24.5
18.0
13. 1
12.1
45.3
9.7
19.6
10.9
138.8
11.4
8.3
23.3
18.6
14.3
14.5

51,248

52,792

40-49
40-42,
44-47
4012
414,7
421
423
441,2
446
443-5
458
471
472
474,8
482
489
494
496,7
50-59
50-51
515
52-59
523
526
527
543-5,9
551
552
555-7,9
563
564
568,9
593
60-67

March
1979
12.5
14.2
13. 1
21.8
16.7
14.0
15.0
15.4
26.0
19.8
13.4
12.4
46.9
10.3
20.8
12.0
145.7
11.6
8.5
24.0
18.6
13.8
14.7

59,901

62,661

4,485
4,579
4,684
4,513
4,506
4,804
4,603
2,631.3 2,700.8 2,754.2 2,610.2 2,617.3 2,696.8 2,828.6

5,045
2,967.4

49,233

Service"producing.
Transportation and public utilities.
Transportation
•

March
19721

53,721

55,364

56.0
9.3
998.8
4.5
54.7
116.0
35.3
32.0
34.0
64.2
20.3
24.2
28.4
17.1
2.3
15,495
4,048
134.3
11,447
48
33
35.2
74.5
762.6
38.6
67.7

54.8
10.1
1057.0
4.6
50.1
112.4
33.5
34.5
34.1
66.1
20.8
22.6
31.3
18.1
2.4
16,176
4,205
135.4
11,971
49.4
36.2
39.0
80. 1
797.1
43.8
72.0

46
10
1092
5
47
112.4
37.3
34.4
36.4
70.8
22.4
20.3
31.7
18.3
2.6
16,537
4,374
134.5
12,163
50.2
44.6
36.0
85.8
748.0
42.6
72.4

53.2
11.1
982.1
4.5
45.1
108.3
39.3
36.7
36.8
74.1
21.2
19.0
34.3
18.4
2.6
16,571
4,354
131.3
12,217
51.3
41.5
28.6
89.6
715.3
40.6
67.1

26.5
21.1

28.0
20.8

25.6
20.6

25.4
21.4

25.0
22.3

29.7
35.2
3,841

29.4
36.8
3,989

30
38
4,107

30. 7
42.2
4,117

32.9
45.8
4,204

57,005

43.0
43.8
12.3
11.1
1023.0 1,071.3
4.6
5.0
42.7
42.9
107.4
103.8
39. 7
36.8
39.2
36.8
40.2
36.6
90.6
80.5
20.2
19.6
18.0
17.8
40.4
37.5
19.0
18.5
3.3
3.0
17,891
17,245
4,607
4,480
136.2
142.2
12,765 13,284
55.7
53.2
47.0
45.7
27.0
27.0
95.2
93.0
759.2
790.8
45.0
45.9
73.0
76.4

48.0
13.1
1164.8
5.2
42.7
117.3
41.8
41.0
43.3
102.6
21.3
18.2
44.1
19.4
3.2
18,878
4,852
143.9
14,026
58.0
48.5
29.6
103.8
828. 9
47. 1
81. 9

50.5
13.6
1,224.8
7.1
42.0
115.1
44.4
45.9
45.2
113.8
21.7
18.4
50.8
20.0
2.5
19,809
5,135
145.6
14,674
61.1
52.5
29.6
107.4
855.3
48.5
87.5

23.6
23. 7

22.8
24.7

24.0
26.2

34.4
48.4
4,377

37.0
51. 1
4,623

43.2
56.2
4,876

See footnotes at end of table.




17

Table 6.

Employment benchmarks for Industries not published monthly, March, 1972-79—Continued

(In thousands)
Industry

Mutual savings banks
Other related banking functions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers...
Credit agencies other than banks, nee
Other security, commodity brokers
and services
•
Other insurance carriers
Title abstract offices
Holding offices
Holding and other investment
offices, nee
Services
Veterinary, animal, landscape, and
horticultural services
Camps and trailering parks
Other lodging places
Photographic studios, portrait
Barber shops
Misc. personal services
Other business services
Automotive rentals, without drivers.•
Automobile parking
Automotive services, except repairs..
Electrical repair shops
Reupholstery and furniture repair....
Mis
Motion picture distribution and
services
Producers, orchestras, entertainers
Bowling and billiard establishments..
Commercial sports
Amusement and recreation
services, nee
Offices of osteopathic physicians....
Offices of other health practitioners
Medical and dental laboratories
Health services, nee
Correspondence and vocational schools
Educational services, nee
Individual and family services
Job training and related services....
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee
Museums, botanical, and
zoological gardens..
•
Business associations
Professional organizations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations
Religious organizations
Political and membership org., nee...
Miscellaneous services, nee
Nonclassifiable establishments
••
Government
Federal.
Small arms ammunition & ordnance
Other manufacturing
Trade division
Finance division
Other services
State and local government
State government
See footnotes at end of table.

18




1972
SIC Code

March
19721

March
1973

March
19741

March
1975

March
1976

March
1977

March
1978

March
1979

603
601,4,5
615
616
611,3

40 .4
45 .5
22 .0
40 .3
13 .0

43.7
48.2
23.3
43.9
13.8

46.9
52.4
24.2
44.3
14.3

49. 1
56. 0
24. 2
41. 3
15. 2

53. 0
56. 2
23. 6
43. 7
15. 8

58.1
57.2
22.7
48.1
15.6

62.8
59.2
23.4
56.0
16.4

66. 2
61. 1
29. 8
60. 6
17. 3

622,3,8
635-7,9
654
671

28 .0
50 . 1
15 .5
30 .9

28.4
54.0
17.4
33.3

27.8
54.4
16.1
34.4

28. 1
55. 4
14. 9
37. 5

28. 9
59. 9
17. 0
37. 7

32.4
61.8
20.3
41.9

35.5
70.8
22.6
44.5

38. 5
73. 0
22. 8
51. 4

40 .4
11,991

42.5
2,650

45.0
13,191

47. 4
13,632

51. 3
14,284

50.7
14,935

55.8
15,870

57. 6
16,829

134 .3
15 .0
19 .1
30 .4
31 .8
73 .7
814 .4
65 .5
37 .3
64 .2
60 .5
22 .1
112 .8

145.2
16.4
19.2
33.0
30.4
89.6
885.6
78.0
38.7
64.3
62.4
22.9
117.2

140.8
13.8
23.4
32.8
28.0
104.4
918.5
81.7
36.8
60.3
66.1
21.5
127.1

141. 9
15. 2
21. 3
33. 1
26. 5
108. 5
964. 4
79. 7
35. 7
58. 2
65. 1
20. 2
130. 9

157. 5
166.4
180.7
14. 4
14.7
13.6
20. 6
18.5
17.8
35. 0
36.0
40.5
26. 4
26.8
27.3
109. 7
122.3
135.4
995. 6 1,035.7 1,132.0
83. 1
88.3
102.5
36. 2
36.7
37.4
58. 7
63.1
69.3
68. 3
69.9
76.3
21. 4
22.0
22.3
137. 0
140.6
156.8

200. 6
14. 3
16. 9
42. 8
27. 8
141. 5
1,239. 4
116. 3
37. 5
71. 1
84. 2
23. 1
173. 0

12 .0
62 .3
98 .0
49 .0

11.3
57.8
98.0
55.4

11.0
63.1
102.0
48.4

10. 4
62. 6
103. 0
55. 7

9. 8
65. 8
106. 4
60. 6

10.4
72.1
112.2
60.5

11.1
76.2
115.1
60.7

10. 7
83. 2
116. 4
60. 0

791,9
803
804
807
808,9
824
823,9
832
833
835
836
839

252 .5
13 .1
42 .1
67 .6
73 .1
43 .5
40 .5
73 .1
71 .5
150 .0
107 .4
117 .2

278.0
14.4
48.9
73.6
83.8
49.2
44.0
75.9
75.1
159.0
113.4
117.9

297.8
15.4
56.3
78.3
91.9
48.2
48.3
84.9
91.8
168.7
126.1
135.0

308. 9
16. 3
59. 6
80. 5
108. 1
44. 6
52. 3
96. 4
84. 7
196. 8
141. 2
142. 9

328. 0
17. 5
62. 7
87. 0
122. 3
45. 9
56. 9
102. 8
101. 8
216. 8
152. 9
162. 9

355.7
19.4
69.0
92.2
135.2
44.4
54.9
112.6
120.1
238.9
175.8
175.4

383.0
21.0
77.4
96.3
157.7
45.9
63.2
127.1
149.8
275.8
190.0
204.2

405. 1
22. 0
85. 3
101. 6
172. 2
47. 0
69. 9
155. 9
173. 6
316. 9
196. 5
227. 5

841,2
861
862
863
864
866
865,9
892,9
99

20 .1
62 .4
24.2
118 .6
270 .9
883 .6
44 .4
92 .6
35 .8

22.2
65.8
26.0
130.0
276.3
866.4
48.6
97.0
45.8

23.9
69.1
27.4
137.2
284.3
866.5
52.0
100.9
62.9

24, 7
74. 3
27. 6
138 6
293, 2
861. 0
55 9
106 7
80 1

25. 7
74. 7
31. 8
138. 9
294. 6
881. 3
64. 9
107. 9
123. 0

25.7
75.6
30.7
142.6
296.5
882.7
60.4
109.3
110.5

28.8
79.7
33.2
141.6
304.5
875.0
64.9
116.2
111.3

30. 4
81. 9
33. 9
146. 7
305. 0
890. 4
65. 0
125. 7
94. 7

13,421
2,683
N.A.
N.A.

13,854
2,656
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
11,198
2,978

14,273
2,691
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
11,582
3,085

14,888
2,724
26 .5
43 .3
86 .5
19 .5
141 .2
12,163
3,258

15,125
2,724
27. 5
40. 2
84. 0
16 5
138 7
12,401
3,311

15,199
2,714
28.6
41.4
87.1
17.2
143.9
12,485
3,427

15,726
2,725
19.4
32.2
74.4
19.1
154.7
13,001
3,502

16,102
2,740
19. 3
33. 0

672,3,9
07,70-86,
89,99
074,5,8
703
702,4
722
724
725,9
735,9
751
752
754
762
764
763,9
782
792
793
794

_
—

N.A.
N. A.
N. A.
10,737
2,900

77.4
22. 9
126. 9
13,362
3,607

Table 6. Employment benchmarks for Industries not published monthly, March, 1972-79—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry

Other State government
Construction division..........
Transportation and public
utilities
Social services
•
Services, except hospitals,
education, & social services..
All other State government
Local government
Other local government
Social services
Services, except hospitals,
education, and social services
1

1972
SIC Code

March
19721

March
1973

March
19741

March
1975

March
1976

March
1977

March
1978

March
1979

1 , 6 3 2 . 8 1,689.1 1,745.2 1,839.4 1,866.6 1,947.3 2,034.5 2,134.7
279.6
280.9
279.8
272.0
257.0
268.1
271.5
280.6
25.3
113.6

25.9
124.8

26.3
136.9

26.7
157.2

29.4
157.9

30.7
164.7

31.8
161.6

34.1
179.7

71.7
68.1
78.3
93.2
106.9
85.1
89.3
103.8
694.0
715.8
743.1
855.4
990.2
798.0
914.7
820.0
7,836
8,219
9,755
8,496
8,904
9,058
9,499
9,089
3,321.3 3,488.4 3 , 6 2 5 . 3 3,797.9 3,901.3 3,870.7 4 , 1 1 3 . 1 4,430.5
171.1
227.2
228.7
176.3
181.5
188.1
186.6
187.5
98.8

101.8

103.5

111.0

109.7

108.8

108.9

146.6

Data for 1972 and 1974 are estimates, not universe counts.
Note: Overall total and industry division totals are published monthly,
nee - not elsewhere classified




19

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Seasonal Factors
The following tables present seasonal adjustment factors for all series In the establishment section of this periodical. These factors were derived using data through March 1980. The factors should oe
used with current estimates (adjusted to the March 1979 benchmarks) beginning April 1980.
The seasonal movements are measured in order to adjust the data statistically for such recurring events as warm and cold weather, crop-growing cycles, holidays, vacations, regular industry model changeover periods, and the like. These movements are generally the largest single component of month-to-month change in employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover. The seasonal factors which follow
enable the analyst to remove these influences from the data in order to determine more basic trends.

Table 7. Seasonal adjustment factors for employees on nonagricultural payrolls,
by industry division and major manufacturing group
1080

1981

Industry

Apr.

May

June

July

Au<j.

Sept.

Cct.

Nov

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

TOTAL 1
MINING

99.4

100.1

101.9

10L7

101.6

100.7

100.2

1 GO. 1

99.3

98.4

98.0

98.7

CONSTRUCTION

'96.5

100,6

105.3

107.2

108.1

106.5

105.8

103.2

98.3-

30.5

88.2

91.6

100. 1

102.6
97.6
102.4
100.6

103.2.
99.7
102.4
100. 1
99.9

99.7
100.9
99.5
100.1

103.1
100.0
102.9
101.S
100.9
100.4
100.4
100.9
101.0
101.5

99.9
*D9.5
100. 1
102.0

102.3
100.6
101.9
100.7
100.5
99.9
100.6
*99.9
99.8
103.0

101.5
100.9
101.4
99.7
100.6
99.5
100.6
100.7
99.8
103.6

100.0
101.0
100.9
99.4
100.6
100.0
100.7
100.6
100.0
102.6

98.8
100.9
99.1
99.3
100. 4
100.5
100.4
101.1
100.1

96.4
100.1
96.1
99.3
99.4
100.3
99.7
100.3
99.8
96.3

9 9. 9
9 9. 8
99. 1
9 9.6
1 00.3

96. <
?
8 9.2
100.2
100.6
100.1
1C0.0
10 0.0
100.0
99.9
101.7

91.1
10 1.2
101.P
101.5
100.?.
100.9
10?.1
101.1
103.2

106.2
105.fi
100.4
100.3
101.0
99.9
10 0*6
102.3
100.0
11) 1.1

107. 1
110.3
100,4
100.8
100.4
99.9
100.2
101.3
100.5
130.4

103.4
110.5
100. 1
101.2
100. 1
100.0
100.0
100.8
100.6
100.4

100.6
107.2
100.4
100.9
100.0
100.2
99.8
100.5
100.5
100.6

99.4

100.0

1U1.0

100.6

100.3

100.9

100.6

99. 6

99. 9
100. 1

10 0.8
100.4

100.6
99.3

100. 4
99. 3

100.2
100.4

99. 7

100. 0

101.0

101.2

101. 0

100. 1

100. 5

101. 1

101.2

99. 6
102. 1

100. 1
102. 1

101.5*
100.9

102.0
95.0

MANUFACTURING 1
DURABLE GOODS1
Lumber and wood products

9C.4
99.6
3 9.3
100. 1
99.6
100.2
99.3
100.3
9'.). 9
98.3

Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products . . .
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical .
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products .
Miscellaneous manufacturing i n d . .
N O N D U R A B L E GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products

?

'•H:

90.7
9S.3
100.2

Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastic products
Leather and leather products

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

9 9.4
100.°,
100.5
100.0

99.7

2

99.2
99.7
99.4

9 9.9
100.1
97.3

9 °,. 5
96.9
100.a

99.9
1 o o. a
10?. 6
99. U

99.2

98.8
99.0

96.5
99.9
95.7
99.3
99.2
100.3
99.5
98.7
99.7
97.4

97.2
100.0
96.9
99.5
99.6
100.4
99.6
99.9
99.7
98.5

99.9
99.7

96.7
102.3
99.4
98.2
99.1
99.8
99.2
97.5
99.4
98.3

96.0
99.0
99.6
99.4
98.9
99.8
99.2
97.0
99.3
99. 1

96.3
95.1
99.8
100.2
99.1
99.8
99.6
97.7
99.6
99.6

100.5

100.5

93.7

98.7

98.9

100.4
100.3

100. 3
101. 7

100.3
104.3

99.3
93.9

99. 0
97. 2

99. 4
97. 4

100.0

99.8

59. 8

99.7

99.2

99. 2

99. 4

101. 0

100.3

100.2

99. 9

99.5

93.1

98. 7

99. 4

101. 2
93. 9

99.6
97.5

99.5
100.8

99. 5
101. 8

99.3
101.6

99.0
100.2

99. 3
101. 7

99. 4
102. 3

106.6
100.1

99.3
99.P.
100-6
99.6

99.0

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE A . . . .
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES
GOVERNMENT
FEDERAL 7
STATE AND LOCAL

1 Seasonally adjusted data derived by summation of components.
2 Factors shown for July, August and September are based on data excluding motor
vehicles (SIC 3 7 1 ) . Comparable factor for June is 100.8.

20



,

3
4

(Factor for April 1981 will be 9 9 . 6 .
Based on data which exclude temporary Christmas employees of the Postal Service during

December.

t factors for women employees on nonagricutturai payrolls.
Table 8. Seasonal adjt
by industry division and major manufacturing group
1981

1980
Industry

Apr.

aay

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Hov.

Dec*

Jan.

100,0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

98.5

99.5

101.7

101.9

102.4

99.1
99.5
99.2
100.0
99.9
100.0
99.4
100.0
100.0
98.6

100.5
99.7
100.4
100.0
100.4
100.0
99.7
100.0
99.9
99.9

102.1
99. 1
101.8
100.0
101.3
100.0
100.7
100.0
101.5
101.8

93.5
86.9
99.8
100.5
99.2
100.0
99.3
100.0
99.4
99.9

94.4
05.7
100.2
100.3
99.7
100.0
99.7
100.0
99.8
101.9

99.6

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE?
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

Feb.

Mar.

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

101.5

101.1

100.2

90.4

98.1

97.7

98.0

100.6
96.2
100.9
100.0
98.8
100.0
98.8
100.0
99.4
96.2

101.9
101.4
98.7
100.7
101.2
101.2
100.0
100.0
99.4
100.6
100.0
100.0
99.9
101.0
100.0
100.0
99.9 • 100.0
102.1 104.6

101.o
101.4
101.0
100.0
101.1
100.0
101.2
100.0
100.1
105.7

100.8
102.C
100.9
100.0
101.0
100.0
101.1
100.0
100.4
104.2

99.2
101.7
99.7
100.0
100.3
100.0
100.*
100.0
100.1
98.2

97.5
100.8
98.0
100.0
99.2
100.0
99.3
100.0
99.5
94.5

97.2
100.0
97.6
100.0
98.8
100.0
99.0
100.0
99.5
96.2

98.1
100.1
98.0
100.0
99.2
100.0
99.2
100.0
99.6
98.0

98.8
86.8
101.3
101.9
102.2
100.1
100.9
100,0
101,1
103.2

101.8
86.2
98.3
96.1
100.1
99.8
100.9
100.0
97.9
95.ft

110.8
107.5
100.5
100.2
101.3
99.9
101.3
100.0
99.3
101.4

113.8
114.6
100.7
100.8
100.9
99.8
101.0
100.0
100.8
100.7

105.9
114.5
100.6
101.2
101.1
100.2
100.7
100.0
101.9
100.9

101.8
111.7
100.8
101.0
100.6
100.4
100.2
100.0
101.6
101.1

93.0
109.9
99.9
99-3
99.8
100.6
99.4
100.0
100.3
99.5

93.8
102.7
99.0
98.1
98.4
99.6
98.6
100.0
99.2
97.9

93.1
100.0
99.3
99.6
98.1
99.6
98.3
100.0
99.1
98.7

94.2
93.1
99.6
100.4
98.6
99.8
99.2
100.0
99.4
99.1

100.1

100.8

99.3

99. 1

100.4

100.4

100.4

100.4

99.9

99.7

99.9

<J9.2
90.6

99.6
99.3

100.3
99.3

99.6
99.1

99.9
99.3

100.3
100.3

101.0
100.4

101.2
102.7

100.9
107.0

99.5
99.0

99.1
96.6

99.5
97.0

99.7

99.7

100.6

100.7

100.3

99.9

99.9

100.1

100.0.

99.4

99.6

99.7

100. 3

100.5

100.8

100.3

100.2

100.1

100.4

100.1

99.7

98.7

99.2

99.9

100.2
104.0

100.4
103.9

102.2
101.1

102.6
90.2

101.2
88.1

98.6
96.7

99.0
101.5

98.9
103.1

98.9
102.9

98.9
101.4

99.4
103.2

99.6
104.0

TOTAL 1
MINING '.
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING

1

DURABLE G O O D S 1
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries

2

Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical 2
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment 2
Instruments and related products

,

Miscellaneous manufacturing ind

,

NONDURABLE G O O D S 1
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products

,

2

Rubber and misc. plastic products
Leather and leather products

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

SERVICES

1

1

GOVERNMENT.

FEDERAL
STATE AND LOCAL

1

Seasonally adjusted data derived by summation of components.

3

Factor for April 1981 will be 08.9.

2

The seasonal factors are not computed because the seasonal component is small relative
to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated witr
(sufficient precision.




21

Tabto S. Seasonal adjustment factors for production or nonsuparvisory workars1 on orivata nonagricufojral payrolls
by industry division and major manufacturing group
1980

1981

Industry

May

Juno

July

Aug.

99..1

100.1

102.0

101.4

101.5

100.6

100.3 100.3

99.4

98.4

98.0

98.7

96.0

101.1

106.2

108.5

109.8

108.1 107.3 104,1

90.1

85.9

85.4

89.7

98.2
99.6
99.3

100.1

103.5
99,6
102.7
99.3
°9.3
98.5
99.5

102.5
100.7
102.2
100.9
100.6
95.8
100.8

99.9
101.3
101.1

9S.5
101.0

100.2

96.0

99.3

»98.7
19. S
102.3

99.8
103.7

101.5
101.1
101*9
99.6
100.8
99.3
100.9
101.1
99.7
104.5

99.2
100.5
10C-9
100.7
101.7
100.3

100.5
99.6
95.3

96.3
99.8
94.8
99.2
99.1
100.6
99.4
98.4
99.9
96.8

vol.e
90.2

108.5
107. 1
100.4
100.4
101.2
9 9.6
100.6
1C3.0
99.9
101.4

110.0
112.3
100.4
101.1
100.5
99.7
100. 1
101.9
100.5
100.3

104.8
112. 1
100.1
101.3
100.2
100.0
99.8
101.9
100.6
100. 1

100.9
108.9
100.4
100.9
99.9
100.2
99.5
101.3
100.6
100.4

9C.6
108.7
100.1

99.7
99.7
100.9
99.5
98.7
99.9
99.?

95.6
102.7
9 9.4
97.9
98.8
99.6
99.1
96*4
99.2
98.1

94.6
98.6
99.5
99.4
98.7
99.8
99.3
95.3
99.2
99.0

100.2
98.9
100.0
99.8
96.1
99.6
99.7

Apr*

Sept.

Oct.

JJov.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Ad Cm

TOTAL 2
MINING.
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING

2

DURABLE G O O D S 2

100.3
99.6

Furniture and fixtures
Stone, d a y , and glass products
Primary metal industries

....

Fabricated metal products

...

Machinery, except electrical * .
Electric and electronic eojuipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products .
Miscellaneous manufacturing i n d . .
N O N D U R A B L E GOODS

101.0
100.7
100.1

100. S
09. 5
100.6
9 9.8
98.7

Lumber and wood products . .

101.5
100.0
100.4

103.5 102.6
97.1
100.0
103.4 102.7
101.7 100.4
101. 1
100.4
99.2
100.6
101.2 •99.6
99.7
101.3
101.9
96.8

95.7
87.3
100.2
100.3
100.1
100.?.
100.3
100.4
100.1
102.2

09.6
89.5
101.3
10?..1
101.9
100. 1
101.3
102.9
101.4
1C3.o

99.3

99.9
99.7

100.8
100.1
101.0
100.9
100.1
103*2

98.9

98.2

95.4
99.3
99.3
100*5

99.6

97.0

100.1

96.4
99.5

99.4
100.5

99.5

100.1
99.7
98.2

2

Food and kindred products

,

Tobacco manufactures

,

Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal product*
Rubber and misc. plastic products
Leather and leather products . . . .

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

94.3
89.0
9 9.3
100.3
99.4

100.2
100.0
J9.0
99.6
100.3

9fl.4
96.2

100.4
<>9.5
100.6
103.2

99.1
95.8

94.9
93.9
99.8

99.1

100.1 101.1 100.7

100.3

100.9

100.6

1C0.5

100.5

98.6

98.5

98.8

99.5
99. 0

99.9
100.1

100.9
100.4

100.7
99.7

100.5
99.8

100.2 100.4
100.4 100.3

100.3
101.9

100.2
104.8

99.1
98.9

98.9
97.0

99.3
97.3

99.7

100.0

101.2

101.4

101. 1 100.0

99.8

.99.8

90.6

99.0

99.0

99.3

100.1

100.6

101.2

1*1.2

100.9

100.3

99.8

99.5

98.0

98.7

99.5

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE *
WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE 5
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction workers
in construction; and t o nonsuparvisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; f inanoe, insurance, and real estate; and services.
2 Seasonally adjusted data derived by summation of components.

22




100.2

3 Factors shown for July, August, and September are based on data excluding motor
vehicles (SIC 3 7 1 ) . Comparable factor for June is 101.6.
« Factor for April 1961 will be 90.4.

ftkly hours of production or nonsupervisory worker*1
raoie 10. Seasonal adjustment factors for averagt
on private nonagricurtural payrolls, by industry division and major manufacturing group
1981

1980
Industry

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.1

100.4

102.2

102.5

DURABLE GOODS 2
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical •
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind

99.5
98.4
99.5
99.9
98.6
98.7
99.2
98.2
99.3
99.7

100.4
99.3
100.3
100.2
100.0
99.4
99.6
100.5
100.1
99.7

102.0
100.8
101.6
100.9
100.9
100.3
1C0.6
101.1
100.2
100.3

NONDURABLE GOODS 2 •
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products . . .
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastic products
Leather and leather products

98.2
99.9
98.9
96. 5
99.2
9 9. 0
100.3
100.1
99.0
98.5

99.5
101.3
100.2
100.0
99.8
99.4
99.9
99.6
99.3
100.3

100.0

Sept.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

102.2

101.4

102.4

99.0

100.0

94.6

96.3

99.0

100. 2
98.9
100.3
99.9
98.9
98.6
93.6
99.8
93. S
9 0.7

100.8
100.6
100.9
99.4
99.7
99.0
99.5
97.7
99.4
99.7

101.2
100.7
100.5
100.5
100.2
100.2
100.5
100.2
100.1
100.6

101.4
101.3
100.9
99.5
100.2
99.9
100.1
100.7
100.2
100.6

99.7
101.0
100.7
99.7
100.7
100.8
100.9
100.8
100.9
101.3

100.5
102.5
100.8
100.6
102.5
102.9
102.1
104.4
101.8
101.2

96.8
98.0
97.0
99.7
99.3
99.7
99.2
97.7
99.1
98.9

98.6
98.4
97.5
99.8
99.1
100.1
99.7
98.9
99.7
98.9

98.9
99.9
99.5
100.0
99.8
100.4
100.0
100.1
100.4
100.4

100.0
102.6
101.2
101.2
100.7
99.8
100.2
100.0
100.2
102.0

10U.6
94.7
99.1
100.5
99.9
9 9 . ?.
99.8
101.2
9 9.1
100.8

101.3
98.7
100. 1
100.9
100.0
100.4
99.7
99.9
99.4
100.4

101.4
102.0
100.3
100.2
100.5
101. 1
100.1
101.7
100.6
99.9

100.3
101.6
100. 1
100.4
100.1
100.3
99.9
101.3
100.7
100.0

100.7
102.7
100.7
101.0
100.5
101.0
100.6
100.9
100.8
100.4

101.2
102.4
101.2
100.9
101.6
101.8
100.9
100.3
101.8
100.9

99.2
97.0
93.5
97.7
99.3
98.4
99.3
98,1
99.1
98.6

98.6
97.4
99.3
98.7
98.9
99.0
99.4
97.7
99.9
98.9

99.1
100.0
100.3
100.3
99.4
99.9
99.9
99.3
100.3
98.7

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

9 9.8
99.1

99.8
99.5

100.4
101.2

100.6
103.1

100. 4
102. 7

100.1
100.0

100.4
99.5

100.0
99.2

100.6
101.5

99.1
97.6

99.0
98.1

99.7
98.7

100. 0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

99.4

100.6

101.5

101. 4

99.9

100.0

S9.7

100.0

99.3

99.4

99.4

2

MINING?
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING

Nov.

9S. 5

TOTAL PRIVATE

Oct.

2

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES?
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE?
SERVICES

2

See footnote 1, table 9.
See footnote 2, table 9.

See footnote 2, table 8.

Table 11. Seasonal adjustment factors for average weekly overtime hours of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
1980~

1981

Industry
Apr.
MANUFACTURING

DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS

1

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec*

105.4
104.6

103.7
104.0

107.8
103.2

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

1

90.8
90.1

98.3
96.5

101.9
99.9

97.2
08.8

99.1
104.7

107.8
112.3

94.5
94.5

95.2
94.9

98.0
96.4

See footnote 2 table 9.




23

Table 12. Seasonal adjustment factors for average hourly earnings of production or
nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricurtural payrolls, by industry division
1981

1980
Industry
Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

99.0

99.4

99.2

99.7

100. 1

Jan.

Feb.

liar.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

101.4

101. 1 100.4

100.3

100.3

99.7

99.3

100.5

100.1

100.0

Sept.

TOTAL PRIVATE2
MINING3
CONSTRUCTION

99.7

99.7

99.7

99.9

99.2

100.2

100.0

100.1

100.8

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES3

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE . . .

100.3

100.0

99.7

99.7

99.1

100.0

100.0

99.6

99.0

101.2

100.9

100.5

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL
ESTATE?

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

SERVICES

100.5

100.1

99.1

93.7

98.3

100.0

100.2

100.3

100.3

100.9

101.1

100.5

MANUFACTURING

1
2

See footnote 1, table 9.
See footnote 2. table 0.

See footnote 2, table 8.

Table 13. Seasonal adjustment factors1 for laborturnover rates in manufacturing

Apr.

Total accessions 2
New hires
Other accessions and recalls.
Total separations 2
Quits
Layoffs
Other separations

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

98.5
107.7

116.9
106.2

130.6
99.9

110.3
113.4

130.0
117.3

126.2
102.6

105.6
80.6

97.2
80.2
94.9

103.7
71.1
105.8

101.1
76.0
97.9

105.3
120.8
104.7

163.8
91.0
120.6

144.0
93.2
108.9

107.1
107.1
110.3

Factors include the effects of trading day variations.
2

Seasonally adjusted data derived by summation of components.

24




1981

1980

Item

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

74.5
75.3

53.6
73.0

83.2
119.2

77.8
95.2

91.8
109.7

76.1
112.3
87.3

59.6
142.8
80.5

82.0
125.1
105.2

73.4
87.4
89.3

87.2
86.1

Feb.

Mar.

94.4

New Seasonal Adjustment
Factors for Household Data
Series

As announced in the January 1980 issue of Employment and Earnings, the Bureau of Labor Statistics has
this year inititated a 6-month updating cycle for seasonal adjustment factors for the labor force series derived from the Current Population Survey (CPS).1 In
addition to making that announcement and discussing
computational procedures and the new X-ll ARIMA
methodology, the January 1980 issue also published the
seasonal factors which were to be (and since have been)
used during the first 6 months of 1980 for the adjustment of the 12 component series used in the computation of the seasonally adjusted overall unemployment
rate. The primary purpose of this brief article is to
publish the seasonal factors to be used during the last 6
months of 1980 for those 12 components, displayed in
table 1 below. These factors, as well as those for all
other independently seasonally adjusted labor force
series, have been extrapolated by applying the X-ll
ARIMA program to data through June 1980 for each of

the series. The historical seasonally adjusted data, including the first 6 months of 1980, will not be subject to
revision until the beginning of 1981.
Data for any of the several hundred seasonally adjusted labor force series, plus the July-December 1980
factors for any of the 210 other independently adjusted
series (in addition to the 12 components displayed here),
may be obtained from the BLS upon request. Inquiries
should be addressed to the Division of Employment and
Unemployment Analysis, Office of Current Employment Analysis, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington,
D.C. 20212. Other inquiries concerning seasonal adjustment methodology or the availability of machinereadable files of labor force data should be addressed to
the Data Services Group, Office of Current Employment Analysis, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington,
D.C. 20212.
1
See "Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Labor Force Series" on pages 9-13
of the Jan. 1980 issue.

Table 1 . Current seasonal adjustment factors for the 12 major labor force components, July-December 1980
Procedure and series

July

August

September

October

November

December

Multiplicative Adjustment
(Divide factor into original value)
Agricultural employment:
Males, 20 years and over . .
Females, 20 years and over
Males, 16-19 years
Females, 16-19 years

1.080
1.273
1.566
2.041

1.074
1.188
1.486
1.811

1.053
1.090
1.040
0.963

1.044
1.146
0.993
0.890

0.990
0.975
0.802
0.664

0.953
0.805
0.693
0.566

Nonagricultural employment:
Males, 20 years and over . .
Females, 20 years and over

1.008
0.972

1.007
0.974

1.004
1.003

1.006
1.014

1.003
1.016

1.001
1.019

0.961
1.007

0.939
1.078

0.858
1.078

0.880
1.003

0.912
0.982

0.984
0.929

Nonagricultural employment:
Males, 16-19 years
Females, 16-19 years

676

764
515

-225
-228

-159
-78

-191
-24

-168
58

Unemployment:
Males, 16-19 years
Females, 16-19 years

175
155

-32
43

-65

-85
-20

-30
-50

-37
-97

Unemployment:
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over
Additive Adjustment
(Subtract factor from original value)




41

25

CHARTS
Page
1.

Labor f o r c e a n d e m p l o y m e n t , 1961-80

26

2.

M a j o r u n e m p l o y m e n t i n d i c a t o r s , 1961-80

27

3. Civilian labor f o r c e p a r t i c i p a t i o n rates b y sex a n d a g e , 1961-80

27

4. T o t a l e m p l o y m e n t b y s e x a n d a g e , 1961-80

28

5. E m p l o y m e n t - p o p u l a t i o n ratios b y s e x a n d a g e , 1961-80

29

6. Payroll e m p l o y m e n t in g o o d s - a n d s e r v i c e - p r o d u c i n g industries, 1961-80

29

7. N o n a g r i c u l t u r a l p a y r o l l e m p l o y m e n t b y i n d u s t r y . 1961-80

30

8. Persons a t w o r k f u l l a n d p a r t t i m e in n o n a g r i c u l t u r a l i n d u s t r i e s , 1961-80

31

9. E m p l o y m e n t in n o n f a r m o c c u p a t i o n s , 1961-80

32

10.

U n e m p l o y m e n t rates b y s e x a n d a g e , 1961-80

33

11.

U n e m p l o y m e n t rates b y r a c e , 1961-80

33

12.

U n e m p l o y m e n t rates b y m a j o r o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , 1961-80

34

13.

D u r a t i o n o f u n e m p l o y m e n t 1961-80

35

14. A v e r a g e w e e k l y h o u r s in n o n a g r i c u l t u r a l i n d u s t r i e s , 1961-80

36

15. A v e r a g e w e e k l y earnings in n o n a g r i c u l t u r a l industries, 1961-80

36

16. T o t a l p r i v a t e g r o s s a n d s p e n d a b l e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s , 1961-80

37

17.

37

Labor t u r n o v e r rates in m a n u f a c t u r i n g , 1961-80

Chart 7. Labor force and employment
(Seasonally adjusted)

THOUSANDS
i mnftft

THOUSANDS

i inrwi

liuuou

105000

105000

100000

100000

y

Total labor force

95000

95000
/

y
.""

90000

85000

/

c ivifen laboi
80000

y>
y

/ ^

75000

fora

AAv

...-/*"

70000

s

"AAV

65000

y

y

s
r'

y

S r"
y Jonaf

90000

y

'/

85000

80000
iricuK jrale mplo ^ment

75000

70000

italeiTtpk>Yrmeni
T<
65000

/^
60000

60000
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1873 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 I960
SOURCE: Table A-33.

26




Chart 2. Major unemployment indicators
(Seasonally adjust*!)

PERCENT
10.0

PCTCEMT

10.0

9.0

9.0

8.0

8.0

7.0

6.0

5.0

4.0

3.0

SsV"
2.0
Inemployment rate. Job tears
1.0

0.0

U0U962 1983 1984 1965 1986 1987 1998 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1978 1977 1978 1979 1980

0.0

SOURCE: Tablet A-3S, A-38, and A-39.

Chart 3. Civilian labor force participation rates by sex and age
(Seasonally adjusted)

PERCENT
90.0

80.0

90.0

Makm.TOymnt

80.0

70.0

70.0

60.0

60.0

50.0

50.0

40.0

40.0

30.0

'30.0
19611982 1983 1984 1995 1966 1967 1968 1989 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1880




I I

I I I

I I I

I I I

I I I

1 I I

I I I

I I I

I I I

I I I

I I

SOURCE: TaWtA-93.

27

Chart 4. Total employment by sex and age
(Seasonally adjusted)
THOUSANDS

THOUSANDS

60000

57500

5500Q

52500
/

50000
/

47500

47500

—^
^
45000

viam 1,20' /ears

and over

y

42500

40000

37500

/
/

35000

/

32500
-A*.

3000Q

z
/

27500

f*"
25000

22500

=emates,2Oyeais

andov«r

/
/ -

20000

17500

17500

15000

15000

12500

10000

10000

7500

5000

2500

. ******
y

****'

'U~"*-

s,

7500

Both sexes. 16-1 Jyei rs

5000

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1966 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1960

SOURCE: Table A-33.

28




Chart 5. Employment--population ratios by sex and age
(Seasonally adjusted)

PERCENT
85.0

PERCENT
85.0

80.0

80.0
M ales,: 90 y «irear dove

....
75.0

75.0

. ^ .

\

70.0

70.0

65.0

65.0

60.0

Tonil,aN%voria re

N

\

55.0

—

55.0

50.0

45.0

60.0

is

^%

BOth 84
ixes. 16-19 years

W-

/ .

40.0

r

V

45.0

40.0

J

Femetee, 2 years ando

/

35.0

r ^

50.0

<\

35.0

30.0

30.0
1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 I960
a
SOURC E: Tabl A-33.

Chart 6. Payroll employment in goods-and service-producing industries
(Seasonalhf adiustedi
RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS

90000

90000

80000

80000
To a l n o wgr* tutor ' p a y V Y l l

70000

Al

nploy

-*—

i

'

70000
,—

60000

60000

^— - —

Servk36-pft ducinSkxh striae

^^••^

*****

50000

50000
*^'

- -

40000
40000

30000
30000
1Soodi

—

Jdng Indus)
— -

20000




20000
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1873 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1960
lyiOTE: Data for two most recent months are preliminary.

SOURCE: Table B-4.

29

Chart 7. Nonagricultural payroll employment by industry
(Seasonally adjusted)

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
25000
21000
17000

13000

13000
i and local QOMonvnint

9000

9000

5000

5000

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1966 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1174 1975 1976 1977 1976 1979 1980

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
5500

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS

I 1 J .!. I. 1. I

5000

Transportation and pubic utltiat.

2500

2000 L i

19611962 1963 1964 1966 1966 1967 1996 1969 1970 1971 1973 1879 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1960

2000

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
1100

RATIO S C A L E THOUSANDS

1100

/

1000
900

1000
900

800

800

700

700

600

"
T

'"

1

600

500
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1873 1974 1975 1976 1977 1976 1979 1960
NOTE: Data for two most recant months are preliminary.

30




SOURCE: Table B 4.

Chart 8. Persons at work full and part time in nonagricultural industries
(SeasonallyKadjusted)

Full-time schedules

THOUSANDS
75500

THOUSANDS

73000

f
/

70500

V\
70500

/

f&OOO

63000

1

60500

65500

w

60500

A-

58000

58000

r *

55500

55500

cttv\n

53000

53000

50500

50500

48000

48000
19611962 1963 1964 19P5 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

Part-time schedules

THOUSANDS
15000

THOUSANDS
15000

12500

12500

Wo rkers on v oluntirypi
10000

10000
1

7500

V (***.

/v r

/ "
7500

J

5000

5000

A
V /orfcars on part time orecononlie reasom
2500

2500




W-.J

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
SOURCE: Table A-42.

31

Chart 9. Employment in nonfarm occupations
(Seasonally adjusted)

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
20000

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
20000

White-collar workers

16000
Clerical workers

12000
Professional and technical workers

8000

6000
Managers and administrators,
except farm
i workers

1000

4000
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 I960
RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
15000

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS

Blue-collar workers

12000

12000
Craft and kindred \

V-w

9000

9000
Operatives, except transport'

6000

6000

3000

3000
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
14000

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
14000

Service workers

13000
i\

12000
11000

*****

13000

r

12000

A*

11000
10000

10000
9000

J

s/

9000

\ /
8000

8000

1 1 1

1 1 1

• 1 1

i i i

i i i

i i i

111

111

•

11

111

•

11

1 f 1

•

11

i i i

i i i

MM

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1986 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1979 1979 1980
NOTE: Two breaks in series occurred in 1971 stemming from the ^classification of occupations
introduced in January and from a questionnaire change concerning "major activity" introduced in
December. See "Changes in occupational classification system" in the Explanatory Notes.

32




SOURCE: Table A-42.

7000

Chart 10. Unemployment rates by sex and age
(Seasonally adjusted)
PERCENT
22.5

PERCENT
22.5

20.0

20.0

17.5
Both sexes, 16-19 years^

15.0

15.0

12.5

12.5

10.0

10.0

7.5

7.5

5.0

\LA\A~

Females, 20 years and over

4-- - 4 - -

5.0

^

2.5

2.5
^^IWIAIAS

0.0

20 years and over

I
! !
.,!...».. .I,.

t
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1966 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1960
SOURCE: Table A 36.

0.0

Chart 11. Unemployment rates by race
(Seasonally adjusted)
PERCENT
20.0

PERCENT
20.0

15.0

15.0

Black anc other.
1
/

10.0

10.0

V

5.0

—

—

r

5.0

White

0.0
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

0.0

Ratio of black to white unemployment rate

RATIO
3.00

RATIO
3.00

2.50

2.50

2.00

2.00

1.50




19611962

1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SOURCE: Table A-35.

33

Chart 12. Unemployment

rates by major occupational groups

(Seasonally adjusted)
PERCENT
10.0

PERCENT
10.0
White-collar workers
7.5

7.5

5.0

5.0

2.5

2.5

i and administrators
except farm
, I , ,,1 ,.,I ,,.1 , ,, I,•,I , ,

Professional and technical workers
0.0

0.0

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 I960
PERCENT
20.0

PERCENT
20.0
Blue-collar workers
17.5

17.5

15.0

15.0

12.5

10.0

7.5

Transport equipment operatives

5.0

2.5
Craft and kindred workers
0.0

L-LJ
LLJ
LU LJJ
19611962 1963 1964 196S 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 I960

PERCENT

PERCENT

10.0

10.0
dfa rm \wortrers
Se/v/c e an

h+4-

7.5

5.0
V-A

2.5

0.0

w
\ *\
\
\
\

J

Service workers

vA
s

'VV

/
^ \

I

/ V
r
y

A
JS

i

5.0
^ »,
*

Ik

A
•»
Farm WCM* ,ers

\^

7.5

r

ii i

SOURCE: Table A-36.




2.5

0.0

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1966 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 I960

34

0.0

Chart 13. Duration of unemployment

(Seasonally

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
10200

adjusted)

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS

Number of workers unemployed

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

200

Percent of civilian labor force
PERCENT
10.0

PERCENT

10.0

7.5

7.5
Total unemployed

5.0

5.0
Lees than 5 weeks

2.5

is

25
.
Stott

,s
15 weeks and over

.I...I...I...I.

0.0

0.0

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 I960

Average duration of unemployment
WEEKS

20.0

WEEKS
20.0

17.5

17.5

15.0

15.0

12.5

12.5

r\

10.0

10.0

7.5

7.5

5.0

5.0 LU*




19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
SOURCE: Table A-37.

35

Chart 14. Average weekly hours in nonagricultural industries
(Seasonally adjusted)
HOURS

HOURS
43.0

43.0

40.0
—

40.0

r

Mi mufec lurini
•Vs\

37.0
rtalp bate

37.0

— V|T

Jfehm

estacmsnm ents
-

'

•

\
i

i

i

1 1 1

i f i

34.0

34.0
196U962 1963 1964 1985 1966 1967 1966 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1976 1979 1960

Overtime hours in manufacturing

HOURS
5.0

25
.

HOURS

5.0

r

>

2.5

0.0

0.0
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1976 1979 1960
' Annual averages prior to 1964.
NOTE: Data for two most recent months are preliminary.

SOURCE: Table C-7.

Chart 15. Average weekly earnings in nonagricultural industries
(Seasonally adjusted)
DOLLARS
300.00

DOLLARS

275.00

275.00

I

250.00

/

225.00

250.00

225.00

/
200.00

200.00
/

/
175.00

175.00
Mf nufec turint
>

150.00

125.00

150.00

125.00

100.00

100.00
—

75.00




75.00
111 1 1 \
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 I960
1
Annual averages prior to 1964.
NOTE: Data for two most recent months are preliminary.
SOURCE: Tables C-7 and C-9.

Chart 16. Total private gross and spendable weekly earnings
(Seasonally adjusted)

DOLLARS
250.00

DOLLARS
250,00

225.00

225.00

200.00

200.00

175.00

y

./

T

175.00

150.00

150.00
Gross earnings in current dollars

125.00

125.00

100.00

100.00

Spendable earnings in 1967 dollars1"

75.00

75.00

•I...I...I...1...I..TT.
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1966 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
Married worker with three dependents.
NOTE: Data prior to 1964 are annual averages. Data for current month are preliminary.
SOURCE: Table C-9.
1

Chart 17. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing
(Seasonally adjusted)
PER 100
EMPLOYEES
7.5

5.0

2.5

UJJO.O

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1989 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 I960
PER 100
EMPLOYEES
4.0




4.0

f
3.0
2.0

H

1
1
1

hiHa
_

/

"S

It*

w

\ *

1

1

•A

1.0

3.0

*

"•V

1

1

ji

T

fc/

2.0
1.0

Uyo fa/

0.0

0.0
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
NOTE: Data for current month are preliminary.

SOURCE: Table D-3.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the nonlnstltutlonsl population 16 years and over, 1947 to date
(Numbtrs in thousands)

Totaltaborfort*
Year

Total
Not in
Total
Total

1947.
1948.
1949.
1960.
1961.
19S2.
19631
1964.
19)6.
1966.
1967.
1968.
1969.
1980'
1961.
1982.
1963.
1964.
1965.
1968.
1987.
1968.
1989.
1970.
1971.
1972*
1973*
1974.
1976.
1976.
1977.
19781
1979.

103,418
104,527
105,611
106,645
107,721
108,823
110,601
111,671
112,732
113,811
115,065
116,363
117,881
119,759
121,343
122,981
125,154
127,224
129,236
131,180
133,319
135,562
137,841
140,182
142,596
145,775
148,263
150.827
153,44 9
156,048
158,559
161,058
163,620

60,941
6 2,080
62,903
63,858
65,117
65,730
66,560
66, 993
68,072
69,409
69,729
70,275
70,921
72,142
73,031
73,442
74,571
75,830
77, 178
78,893
80,793
82,272
84,240
85,903
86,929
88,991
91,040
93,240
94,793
96,917
99,534
102,537
104,996

58.9
59.4
59.6
59.9
60.4
60. 4
60.2
60.0
60. 4
61.0
60.6
60. 4
60.2
60. 2
60. 2
59.7
59.6
59. 6
59.7
60.1
60.6
60.7
61. 1
61. 3
61.0
61. 0
61.4
61.6
61.ft

62. 1
62. 8
63.7
64. 2

59,350
60,621
61,286
62,208
62,017
62,138
63,015
63,643
65,023
66,552
66,929
67,639
68,369
69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
71,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734
82,715
84,113
86,542
88,714
91,011
92,613
94,773
97,401
100,420
102,908

57,038
58,343
57,651
58,9 18
59,961
60,250
61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630
65,778
6*,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902
78,627
79,120
81,702
84,409
85,935
84,783
87,485
90,546
94,373
96,945

7,890
7,629
7,658
7,160
6,726
6,500
6,260
6,205
6,450
6,283
5,947
5,586
5,565
5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606
3,462
3,387
3,472
3,452
3,492
3,380
3,297
3,244
3,342
3,297

49,148
50,714
49,993
51,758
53,215
53,749
54,919
53,904
55,722
57,514
58,123
57,450
59,065
60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296
75,165
75,732
78,230
80,957
82,44381,403
84,188
87,302
91,031
93,648

2,311
2,276
3,637
3,288
2, 055
1,883
1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740
3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
" 832
,088
993
840
.,304
5,076
7, 830
7,288
6,855
6,047
5,963

3,9
3.8
5.9
5.3
3.3
3.0
2.9
5.5
4.4
4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5
5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5
4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.0
6.0
5.8

42,477
42,447
42,70 8
42,787
42,604
43,093
44,041
44,678
44,660
44,402
45,336
46,088
46,960
47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602
54,280
55,666
56,785
57,222
57,587
58,655
59,130
59,025
58,521
58,623

% adjust*
1979s

June..«
July...
August,
Septeober
October..
November.
December.

163,469
163,685
163,891
164,106
164,468
164,682
164,898

104,552
105,175
105,218
105,586
105,688
105,744
106,088

64.0
64.3
64.2
64.3
64.3
64.2
64. 3

102,476
103,093
103,128
103, 494
103,595
103,652
103,999

96,652
97,184
97,004
97,504
97,474
97,6 08
97,912

3,243
3,267
3,115
3,364
3,294
3,385
3,359

93,409
93,917
93,689
94,140
94,180
94,223
94,553

5,824
5,909
6, 124
5,990
6,121
6,044
6,087

5.7
5.7
5.9
5.8
5.9
5.8
5.9

58,917
58,511
58,673
58,519
58,780
58,937
58,810

165,101
165,298
165,506
165,693
165,886
166,105

106,310
106,346
106,184
106,511
107,230
106,634

64.4
64.3
64.2
64.3
64.6
64.2

104,229
104,260
104,094
104,419
105,142
104,542

97,804
97,953
97,656
97,154
96,988
96,537

3,270
3,326
3,358
3,242
3,379
3,191

94,534
94,626
94,298
93,912
93,609
93,346

6,425
6,307
6,438
7,265
8,154
8,006

6.2
6.0
6.2
7.0
7.8
7.7

58,791
58,951
59,322
59,182
58,657
59,471

1980:

January.•
Pebruary.
March....
April....
Ray.,.,
June...

table with prior years. For an explanation, see "Hist

38




Ity" under

1
Because seesonality, by definition, does not exist in population figures,
stitutional population" ere not seasonally adjusted.

OsWsl fOC

«0M6I flQftift*

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status ol the nonlnstitutlonal population 16 years and over by sex, 1972 to date
(Numbers In thousands)

Civilian labor force
Total labor force
Sex.
year.
and
month

Total
nonlmtituttoml
population

Number

of
f

Total

1972
1973 1
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978 1
1979

Agri-

Total

population

culture

reiownl
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Nonagri*
cultural
industrial

Number

47,791
49,130
49,618
48,429
49,675
51,222
52,810
53,854

2,635
2,240
2,668
4,385
3,968
3,588
3,051
3,018

4.9
4.1
4.8
7.9
7.0
6.2
5.2
5. 1

14,193
14,541
14,904
15,788
16,341
16,514
16,634
16,931

Annual averages

MALES
1

Unemployed

Employed

69,864
71,02 0
72,253
73,494
74,739
75,981
77, 169
78,397

55,671
56,479
57,349
57,706
58,397
59,467
60,535
61,466

79.7
79.5
79.4
78.5
78. 1
78.3
78.4
78. 4

53,265
54,203
55,186
55,615
56,359
57,449
58,542
59,517

50,630
51,963
52,518
51,230
52,391
53,861
55,491
56,499

2,839
2,833
2,900
2,801
• 2,716
2,639
2,681
2,645

Monthly data, lawonaHv adjusted8

1979:
June..-..
July
August...
September
October..
November.
December.

78,323
78,427
78,525
78,627
78,805
78,906
79,009

61,311
61,540
61,437
61,759
61,675
61,652
61,762

78.3
78.5
78.2
78.5
78.3
78. 1
78.2

79,104
79,196
79,295
79,382
79,472
79,575

61,810
61,951
61,976
61,972
62,410
62,062

78. 1
78.2
78.2
78.1
78.5
78.0

#

59,370
59,597
59,491
59,812
59,727
59,704
59,823

56,477
56,570
56,408
56,714
56,629
56,580
56,734

2,600
2,614
2,650
2,677
2,666
2,716
2,714

53, 877
53,956
53,758
54,037
53,963
53,864
54,020

2,893
3,027
3,083
3,098
3,098
3,124
3,089

4.9
5.1
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2

17,012
16,887
17,088
16,867
17,130
17,255
17,247

59,878
60,014
60,042
60,037
60,479
60,127

56,486
56,732
56,601
55,998
55,823
55,457

2,665
2,702
2,706
2,60 2
2,671
2,572

53,821
54,029
53,895
53,396
53,152
52,886

3,392
3,283
3,441
4,040
4,656
4,669

5.7
5.5
5.7
6.7
7.7
7.8

17,295
17,245
17,319
17,410
17,062
17,514

31,072
32,446
33,417
33,553
35,095
36,685
38,882
40,446

633
619
592
579
582
605
661
652

30,439
31,827
32,825
32,973
34,513
36,080
38,221
39,794

2,205
2,064
2,408
3,445
3,320
3,267
2,996
2,945

6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

42,591
42,681
42,683
42,868
42,789
42,510
41,887
41,692

1980:
January..
February.
March....
April....
Bay

Annuel averages

FEMALES
1

1972
19731
1974
1976
1976
1977
19781
1979

75,911
77,242
78,575
79,954
81,309
82,577
83,890
85,223

33,320
34,561
35,892
37,087
38,520
40,067
42,002
43,531

43.9
44.7
45.7
46.4
47.4
48.5
50. 1
51. 1

33,277
34,510
35,825
36,998
38,414
39,952
41,878
43,391

U
1979:
June.....

July
August.••
September
October..
Hovembcr.
December.

85,145
85,259
85,366
85,479
85,663
85,775
85,889

43,241
43,635
43,782
43,827
44,013
44,093
44,326

50.8
51.2
51.3
51.3
51.4
51.4
51.6

43,106
43,496
43,637
43,682
43,868
43,948
44,176

40,175
40,614
40,596
4 0,790
40,84 5
41,028
41,178

643
653
665
687
6 28
669
645

39,532
39,961
39,931
40, 103
40,217
40,359
40,533

2,931
2,882
3,041
2,892
3,023
2,920
2,998

6.8
6.6
7.0
6.6
6.9
6.6
6.8

41,905
41,624
41,585
41,652
41,651
41,683
41,563

85,997
86,102
86,211
86,311
86,414
86,530

44,501
44,396
44,209
44,538
44,619
44,573

51.7
51.6
51*3
51.6
51.9
51.5

44,352

41,318
41,221
41,054
41,156
41,165
41,079

605
624
651
640
708
619

40,713
40,597
40,403
40,516
40,457
•0,460

3,034
3,025
2,997
3,225
3,498
3,337

6.8
6.8
6.8
7.3
7.8
7.5

41,495
41,706
42,002
41,773
41,595
41,957

1980:
January.•
February.
March....
April. . . .
Bay
June.. . . .

1
Not strictly comparable whh prior year*. For an
Hounhotd Data lection of Explanatory Note*.




44^052
44,381
44,663
44,416

rability" under

nattty.
•HtuHonal population" a

i not exist in population figure*, data for "total nonkt-

•*

39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-3. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race
[Numbers in thousands]

June 1980
Total labor foroa

Civilian labor forca

Not in labor foroa

Sex, age, and r«ct
Going
to

Parent
Total

Otbar

of
labor

MALES

63,375
9,948
6,147
2,592
3,555

79.6
78,5
73.3
62.9
83.3

61,440
9,306
5,87C
2,575
3,295

56,803
7,536
4,650
1,976
2,674

4,637

20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years

55,357
9,376
3R,789
8,fi00
8,125
6,514
5,345
4,995
5,010

90.2
90.5
94.4
94.8
96.2
95.8
94.8
93.4
89.5

53,699
8,646
37,863
8,438
7,872
6,325
5,259
4,966
5,003

50,342
7,506

3,357
1,140
1,975
732
4 24
275
202

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years

7,192
4,400
2,791

72.6
81.9
61.6

7,191
4,399
2,791

6,949
4,260
2,689

65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

1,871
1,107

1,871
1,107

764

19.0
29.0
12.7

56,279
8,700
5,406
2,290
3,115

20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

49,183
8,142
34,457

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

7.5
19.0
20.8
23.3
18.8

16,201
2,722
2,238

6.3
13.2
5.2
8.7
5.4
4.4
3.8
3.4
3.5

242
139
103

3.4
3.2

972

3-7

764

1,811
1,062
75 0

60
46
14

80.5
81.1
76.4
66.3
86.0

54,780
8,221
5,199
2,277
2,922

5 1 , 111
6,835
4,235
1,794
2,441

47,890
7,597

45,224
6,698

33,712
14,425
10,354

32,145
13,518

8,965

91.0
91.6
95.2
96.1
96.2
92.5

8,93 3

9,967
3,660

6,583
4,025
2,559
1,691

73.6
83.1
62.4
19.1

6,582
4,023
2 # 559
1,691

7,095
1,248
741
301
440

73.7
64.4
56.7
45.6
68.1

6,660
1,086

6,174
1,234
4,331
2,015
1,275
1,040

84.2
83.6
88.5
91.5
88.8
83.1

5,809
1,049
4,150
1,885
1,230
1,036

5,118
808
3,742

966

90
70

608
376
233

63.3

60 8
376
233
180

569
348
220
160

40
28
12
21

14,909
10,584

35,887
7,705
7,448
6,049
5,058
4,797
4,829

366
24
23
12
11

1,922
1,438
1, 198
847
351

6,010
985
2,315
479
317
286
291
353
588

170
11
101
12

720
479
230
131

15
25
6
17
26

36
30

2,711
1,739

3.2
4.1
1.9

3,669
1,386
963
483
481

1,770
1,220

600
621

1,526
713

1,539
9
4
5
1,151
31
611
58

59

12,374
1,242
1,008

662
346
3,969
464
1,373
278
207
151
179
220
338

14

80
93
110
211

58
24
34

11
8
3

509
275
234

2,132

7,952
2,711
5,241

173
45
128

3
1

379
116
263

7,397
2,548
4,84 9

6.7
16.9
18.5
21.2
16.5

13,673

298
16
15
8
7

1,397
1,010
834

1,246
16
9
4
5

10,731
990
815
554
261

2,667
898
1,567
907
387
273

5.6
11.8
4.6
6.3
3.7
3.1

4,855
743
1,754
6 08
417
729

117
5

560
377
176
131
33
12

933
21
483
97
131
255

3,24 4
340
1,030
356
232
442

6,380
3,912
2,468
1,652

202
111
90

3.1
2.8
3.5
2.3

2,358
817
1,542
7,145

48
20
28
166

7
4
3
3

4 29
230
199
3 04

5,692
701
414
182
233

968
384
257
117

14.5
35.4
38.3
39.2
37.6

2,527
691
565
360
205

68
8
8
4
4

524
428
365
248
117

293
2

1,642
252
193
108
85

11.9
23.0

53
6
37
4

160

217
10

6.7

1,156
242
561
188
161
212

127
20
42
65

724
124
343
129
98
116

6.6
7.3
5.3

352
155
197

11.4

806

10
5
5
7

80
46
35
76

258
100
157
725

169
174

39

2,031

1,673
1,166
507

63
23
21
20

13

6

2

600
234

664
1,468

1,874

564
1,311

6,672

Black and other
16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

40




180

7C.8
54.1
18.3

671

299
373

1,635
1,140

140

690
241

409
249

9.9
13.2
7.3

11
23

102
54
36
10
8
4
4

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-3.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race—Continued

[Numbers in thousands)
June 1980

Not in labor fores

Civilian labor forca

Total labor forca

Sax. age, and race

Total

of
population

Keeping

Other

FEMALES
16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

44,784
7,937
4,967
2,076
2,891

51.8
64.0
60.6
52.1
68.7

44,627
7,875
4,93 9
2,075
2,864

40,973
6,437
3,887
1,562
2,325

3,654
1,438
1,053
513
539

20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years

38,691
7,281
26,896
6,133
5,399
4,564
3,929
3,458
3,412

60. 2
70.4
62. 7
64. 9
62. 3
63. 9
65. 6
61. 3

35,987
6,360
25,237
5,587
5,050
4,316
3,733
3,294
3,257

2,575
845

56.9

38,562
7,205
26,843
6,096
5,389
4,561
3,927
3,45 6
3,412

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years

4,514
2,778
1,735

40.8
47.0
33.6

4,514
2,778
1,735

4,389
2,697
1,692

65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

1,126
717
410

8.0
15.0
4.4

1,126
717
410

8.2
18.3
21.3
24.7
18.8

41,746
4,464
3,223
1,905
1,318

32,356
1,502
788
273
514

6.7
11.7
6.0
8.4
6.3
5.4
5.0
4.7
4.5

25,616
3,068
15,994
3,323
3,2 62
2,582
2,056
2,181
2,589

21,839
2,155
14,204
2,891
2,930
2,318
1,864
1,936
2,266

124
81
43

2.8
2.9
2.5

6,554
3,130
3,424

1,100
699
401

26
17
8

2.3
2.4
2. 1

1,606
509
339
245
194
163
155

1,052
17
7
2
6

6,238
1,346
1,130
765
365

796
478
312
134
66
45
19
35
12

484
23
239
19
21
29
31
54
86

2,496
413
1,237
279
245
191
142
156
224

5,481
2,701
2,780

7
4
3

222
108
114

845
318
527

12,907
4,047
8,860

9,729
3,273
6,456

6
3
3

561
112
448

2,612
659
1,953

1,492
1, 148
924
627
297

798
14
6
2
5

5,327
1,084
916
634
282

2, 100
1,599
1, 298
864
433

White
16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

38,677
6,958
4,385
1,840
2,545

51.4
66.8
63.9
55.3
71.8

38,560
6,912
4,365
1,839
2,526

35,809
5,857
3,579
1,447
2,132

2,751
1,056
787
393
394

7. 1
15.3
18.0
21.3
15.6

36,552
3,460
2,482
1,484
998

28,936
1,213
63 6
221
415

20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

33,294
6,288
23,000
9,752
7,279
5,968

59.8
72.0
62.2
63.0
64.2
58.7

33,197
6,232
22,960
9,717
7,276
5,96e

31,250
5,633
21,711
9,084
6,921
5,705

1,948
599
1,249
632
354
262

5.9
9.6
5.4
6.5
4.9
4.4

22,362
2,446
13,995
5,730
4,064
4,201

19,358
1,778
12,575
5,144
3,685
3,745

562
339
217
133
52
32

358
18
173
31
43
99

2,084
311
1,030
422
283
324

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,005
2,458
1,547
998

40.4
46.5
33.3
7.9

4,005
2,45 8
1,547
99 8

3,90 5
2,394
1,511
981

100
64
36
16

2.5
2.6
2.3
1.6

5,921
2,828
3,093
11,707

5,005
2,468
2,537
8,941

6
3
3
6

167
84
83
433

743
273
470
2,327

6, 107
979
582
236
346

54.0
49.4
44.0
35.9
52.0

6,067
963
574
23 6
33 8

5,164
580
308
115
193

902
383
266
121
145

14.9
39.8
46.3
51.2
42.9

5,194
1,005
741
420
320

3,420
2 89
151
52
99

608
451
374
237
136

254
3
1

912
262
215
131
83

5,397
993
3,896
1,780
1,214
902

62.4
61.5
66. 1
67.5
67.9
61.3

5,365
97 3
3,883
1,76 8
1,213
902

4,737
727
3,525
1,552
1,128
846

6 28
246
356
216
85
56

11.7
25.3
9.2
12.2
7.0
6.2

3,254
622
1,998
855
574
569

2,481
376
1,629
677
496
457

234
139
95
68
12
15

126
4
66
9
16
41

412
103
208
101
50
56

44.5
51. A
36.3
9.7

508
320
188
128

24
18
7
9

4.8
5.5
3.6
7.3

634
303
331
1,200

476
233
242
788

55
24
31
128

102
45
57
285

Black and other
16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 yews
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
4 5 t o 54 years
55 to 64 years
66to59yaars
60 to 64 years
66 years and over




508
320
188
128

484
303
181
119

1
1

41

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-4. Labor force by sex, age, and race
Total labor forot

Civilian labor forot

Thousands of parsons

Thousands of persons

June
1979

June
1980

16 years and over
16 t o 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

62,752
6,230
2,643
3,587

63,375
6,147
2,592
3,555

80.1
73.9
63.4
84.1

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

9,378
38,099
16,408
11,585
10,106

9,376
38,789
16,924
11,859
10,006

7,093
4,396
2,697
1,951

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

June
1979

June
1979

June
1980

79.6
73.3
62.9
83.3

60,811
5,950
2,631
3,320

61,440
5,870
2,575
3,295

79.6
73,0
63.3
83.1

79.1
72.4
62.8
82.2

91.5
94.6
95.8
95.7
91.6

90.5
94.4
95.5
95.4
91.4

8,636
37,181
15,802
11,309
10,070

8,646
37,863
16,309
11,584
9,969

90.8
94.5
95.6
95.6
91.6

89.8
94.2
95.3
95.3
91.4

7,192
4,400
? # 791
1,871

72.6
82.0
61.1
20.3

72.6
81.9
61.6
19.0

7,092
4,395
2,697
1,951

7,191
4,399
2,791
1,871

72.5
82.0
61.1
20.3

72.6
81.9
61.6
19.0

55,728
5,496
2,372
3,124

56,279
5,406
2,290
3,115

80.8
76.9
67.5
86.1

80.5
76.4
66.3
86.0

54,188
5,280
2,362
2,918

54,780
5,199
2,277
2,922

80.4
76.2
67.4
85.2

80.0
75.7
66.1
85.2

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

8, 151
33,866
14,505
10,326
9,034

8,142
34,4 57
14,909
10,584
8,9 65

92.5
95.3
96.5
96.4
92-3

91.6
95.2
96.1
96.2
92.5

7,580
33,114
14,017
10,094
9,002

7,597
33,712
14,425
10,354
8,933

91.9
95.2
96.3
96.4
92.3

91.1
95. 1
96.0
96.1
92.5

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
6 0 t o 64 years
65 years and over

6,463
3,991
2,472
1,752

6,583
4,025
2,5 59
1,691

73.1
82.6
61.7
20.3

73.6
83.1
62.4
19.1

6,462
3,990
2,472
1,752

6,582
4,023
2,559
1,691

73.1
82.6
61.7
20.3

73.6
83.1
62.4
19.1

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

7,024
734
271
463

7,095
741
301
440

75. 1
56.9
41.2
73.1

73.7
56.7
45.6
68.1

6,623
671
269
401

6,660
671
299
373

74.0
54.6
41.0
70.1

72.5
54.3
45.3
64.5

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

1,227
4,234
1,903
1,259
1,072

1,2 34
4,331
2,015
1,2 75
1,0 40

85.3
89.6
90.9
90.5
86.4

83.6
88.5
91.5
88.8
83.1

1,056
4,068
1,785
1,215
1,068

1,049
4,150
1,885
1,230
1,036

83.3
89.2
90.3
90.2
86.4

81.2
88. 1
90.9
88.4
83.0

6C8
376
233
180

67.2
76.4
55.2
20.8

63.3
70.8
54.1
18.3

630
404
226
199

608
376
233
180

67.2
76.4
55.2
20.8

63.3
70.fl
54.1
18.3

June
1979

June
1980

June
1980

MALES

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
White

Black and other

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

42



630
40 4
226
199

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-4. Labor force by sex. age, and race—Continued
Total li

Participation ratat

Thousands of persons

June
1979

June
1980

16 years and over
16to19years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

43,477
5,113
2,174
2,940

44,784
4,967
2,076
2,891

51.1
62.0
53,8
69.8

20to24years
26 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35to44years
46 to 54 years

7,243
25,493
10,899
7,960
6,635

7,281
26,896
11,532
8,493
6,870

55 to 64 years
56 to 69 years
60 to 64 years
66 years and over

4,483
2,829
1,655
1,143

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

51.8
60.6
52.1
68.7

43,342
5,091
2,173
2,918

*4,627
4,939
2,075
2,864

51.0
61-9
53.8
69.7

51.7
60.5
52.1
68.5

70.7
60.7
62.3
62.4
56.4

70.4
62.7
63.7
64.7
59.0

7,175
25,451
10,860
7,956
6,634

7,205
26,843
11,485
8,489
6,869

70.5
60.6
62.2
62.3
56.4

70. 1

4,514
2,778
1,735
1,126

41.0
48.1
32.fi
8.3

40.8
47.0
33.6
8.0

4,483
2,828
1,655
1,143

4,514
2,778
1,735
1,126

41.0
48.1
32.8
8.3

40.8
47.0

37,513
4,514
1,922
2,592

38,677
4,385
1,840
2,545

50.6
65. 1
56.8
73.0

51.4
63.9
55.3
71.8

37,408
4,497
1#922
2,575

38,560
4,365
1,839
2,526

50.5
65.0
56.8
72.9

51.3
63.7
55.3
71.7

20 to 24 years
26 to 64 years
25 to 34 years
36 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

6,253
21,745
9,165
6,810
5,77C

6,288
23,000
9,752
7,279
5,968

72.2
59.8
61.1
61.7
56.0

72.0
62.2
63.0
64.2
58.7

6,200
21,711
9#135
6,807
5,769

6,232
22,960
9,717
7,276
5,968

72.0
59.8
61.1
61.7
56.0

71.8
62.1
62.9
64.2
58.7

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,997
2,515
1,481
1,004

4,005
2,458
1,547
998

40.7
47.7
32.6
8. 1

40.4
46.5
33.3
7.9

3,997
2,515
1,481
1,004

4,005
2,458
1,547
998

40.7
47.7
32.6
8.1

40.4
46.5
33.3
7.9

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

5,964
599
251
348

6,107
582
2 36
346

54.3
45.6
38.3
52.8

54.0
44.0
35.9
52.0

5,934
594
251
343

6,067
574
236
338

54.2
45.4
38.3
52.4

53.9
43.7
35.9
51.4

20 to 24 years
26 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
36 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

990
3,749
1,733
1,150
866

993
3,896
1,780
1,214
902

62.7
65.9
69.0
66.6
59.6

61.5
66.1
67.5
67.9
61.3

975
3,739
1,724
1,149
866

973
3,88 3
1,768
1,213
902

62.3
65.8
68.9
66.6
59.6

61.0
66.0
67.4
67.9
61.3

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
66 years and over

486
313
173
139

508
320
188
128

43.8
50.8
35-2
10.8

44.5
51,4
36.3
9.7

486
313
173
139

508
320
188
128

43.8
50.8
35.2
10.8

44.5
51.4
36.3
9.7

FEMALES

62.7
63.6
64.7
59.0
33.6
8.0

White

Black and other




43

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-5. Employment status of black workers by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands}

June 1980
Civilian labor forw

Sex and age
ttotkt

Agri-

TOTAL
16 years and over
16to19years
16to17yt*rs . . .
18to19yMn . . .

10 r 772
1#090
461
629

9,078
606
245
360

213
25
18
7

8,865
581
228
353

1,694
484
215
269

15.7
44.4
46.7
42.7

6,630
1,142
695
447

20to 24 years
25to54yMrs
25to34yMrs . . .
3Sto44yean . . .
4Sto54y»tn . . .

1,744
6,713
3,03e
2,050
1,623

1,300
6,028
2,629
1,888
1,511

18
120
40
54
26

1,282
5,908
2,589
1,834
1,485

444
684
409
163
112

25.4
10.2
13.5
7.9
6.9

720
2,136
834
630
671

55 to 64 ytars
55to59yean . . .
60to64years . . .
65 years and over . . .

960
59 2
367
267

906
556
350
238

29
14
15
22

878
543
335
216

53
36
17
29

5.6
6.1
4.7
10.8

881
399
482
1,752

16 years and over .
16 to 19 yean
16to 17years . .
18to19years . .

5,619
588
260
328

4,744
352
154
197

181
22
15
7

4,563
330
140
190

875
235
105
131

15.6
40.0
40.4
39.9

2,180
494
320
174

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25to34yean . .
35 to 44 yean . .
45 to 54 years . .

899
3,470
1,563
1,035
870

676
3,104
1,340
956
30 8

17
91
33
34
23

659
3,015
1,307
922
786

223
365
223
80
62

24.8
10.5
14.3
7.7
7.1

191
484
149
144
190

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years . .
60 to 64 years . .
65 years and over . .

515
318
197
149

481
295
186
129

29
14
15
22

453
281
171
107

33
23
10
19

6.4
7.2
5.1
12.8

323
138
185
688

16 years and over . .
16to19years . .
I6to17years
18 to 19 years

5,153
502
201
301

4,334
254
91
163

32
3
3

4,302
251
88
163

819
249
110
138

15.9
49.5
54.9
45.9

4,450
648
375
273

20 to 24 years . .
25 to 54 years . .
25 to 34 yean
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

845
3,243
1,475
1,015
753

624
2,924
1,289
932
703

1
29
7
20
3

623
2,893
1,282
912
699

221
319
186
83
50

26.2
9.8
12.6
8.2
6.6

529
1,652
685
486
481

55 to 64 years...
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 yean and over

445
274
170
118

425
261
164
109

425
262
164
109

20
13
7
10

4.5
4.9
4.0
8.1

558
261
297
1,064

Males

Ft

NOTE: According to the 1970 Census, black workers comprised about 89 percent of the
"black and other" population group.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-6. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands]

Males, 20 years and over

Females, 20 years and over

Both sexes. 16-19 years

Employment status and race

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

69,889
56,521
80.9
54,860
52,852

71,190
57,228
80,4
55,57 0
52,153

2,470
49,683

741
35,316
2,194

78,340
39,817
50.8
39,688
37,087
689
36,397
2,601

16,684
11,344

2,509
50,343
2,008
3.7

76,896
38,363
49.9
38,251
36,058

9,007
535

16,575
11,114
67.1
10,809
8,536
577

5.7
38,533

6.6
38,523

8,472
2,034
18,4
5,34C

7,959
2,273
21.0
5,461

67,230
32,999

68,361
34,292
50.2
34,195
32,231

14,077
10,010
71.1

648

491
7,771
1,514
15.5
4,067

13,946
9,791
70.2
9,564
7,814
550
7,264
1,750
18.3
4,155

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population
Total labor force
Percent of population
Civilian labor force

163,469
106,228
6 5.0
104, 153
97,917
3,785
94, 132

Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries...
Unemployed
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force

6,235
6.0
57,240

166,105
1C8,159
65. 1
106,067

97,776
3,737
94,039
8,291
7.8

57,946

13,367

3,417
6-1
13,962

68.0
11,041

White
Total noninstitutional population
Total labor force
Percent of population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force

,

143,137
93,241
6 5.1

91,596
86,919
3,420
83,499

4,677

145,181

94,956
65.4
93,340
86,920
3,46 9
83,451
6,420

5.1
49,8«7

6.9
50,225

20,331
12,988

20, 924
13,203
63,1
12,727
10,856

61/830
50,232
81.2
48,908
47,352
2,270
45#081
1,556
3.2
11,598

62,874
50,874
8 0.9
49,581
46,876
2,271
44,604

2,706
5.5
12,000

49.1
32, 911
31,305
658

30,647
1,607
4.9
34,232

31,582
1,964

5.7
34,069

9,776
8,262

Black and other
Total noninstitutional population
Total labor force
Percent of population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
UnGfnployGu
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force




6 3.9
12,557
10,998

366
10,633
1,559

12.4
7,344

268
10,588
1,871
14.7
7,722

8,058
6,289

8,316
6,354

78.0

76.4

5,952
5,500
238
5,262
452
7.6
1,769

5,989
5,278
199
5,078
711
11.9
1,962

9,666
5,365
55.5
5,340
4,753
83
4,670
587
11.0
4,301

9,979
5,525
55.4

5,493
4,856
41
4,815
637
11.6
4,454

2,607
1,334
51.1
1,265
745
44
701
520
41.1
1,274

2,629
1,323
50.3
1,245
722
27
695
523
42.0
1,306

45

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-7.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16-21 years of age by race and sex

INurobars in thousands)

June 1990
Black ind other

Females

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population
Total labor force
Percent of population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Looking for full-time work . .
Looking for part-time work .
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force

25,072
17,885
71.3

12, 670
9,948
78.5

12,401
7,937
64.0

21,149
15,658
74.0

10,731
8,700
81. 1

10,417
6,958
66.8

3,923
2,227
56.8

1,939
1,248
64.4

1,984
979
49.4

17,181
13,973
776
13,197
3,209
2,515
693
16.7
7,187

9, 306
7,536
608
6,928
1,770
1,443
327
19.0
2,722

7,875
6,437
168
6,269
1,438
1,072
366
18.3
4,464

15,133
12,692
737
11,954
2,441
1,900
542
16.1
5,49 1

8,221
6,83 5
573
6,26 2
1,336
1,129
256
16.9
2,031

6,912
5,857
164
5,693
1,056
770
286
15.3
3,460

2,048
1,281
39
1,242
767
616
151
37.5
1,696

1,086
701
35
666
38 4
314
70
35.4
691

963
580
3
577
383
302
81
39.8
1,005

1,491
1,051
33
1,C19
440
213
227
29.5
3,C37

818
569
17
552
249
112
137
3 0.5
1,438

673
482
15
467
191
101
90
28.4
1,599

1,240
935
32
903
3C5
131
174
24.6
2,158

666
504
16
438
16 2
58
104
24.4
1,010

574
431
16
415
142
73
70
24.8
1,148

252
116

153
66

99
51

116
136
82
53
53.9
879

64
87
54
33
57.1
428

52
48
28
20
48.9
451

15,690
12,^22
741
12,178
2,768
2,303
466
17.6
4,150

8,488
6,967
591
6, 376
1,521
1,331
190
17.9
1,285

7,202
5,955
152
5,802
1,247
971
276
17.3
2,865

13,894
11,757
705
11,052
2,137
1,769
368
15.4
3,333

7,555
6,331
557
5,774
1,224
1,071
152
16.2
1,022

6,339
5,425
148
5,277
913
698
216
14.4
2,311

1,79 6
1,165
38
1,127
632
534
98
35.2
817

933
636
34
601
297
260
37
31.9
263

863
529
4
525
334
274
61
38.7
554

ivMfor vcnvivy* joiny iw Know
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries . . .
Unemployed
Looking for full-time work . .
Looking for part-time work .
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force

1

Major activity: other
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagriculatural industries . .
Unemployed
Looking for full-time work . .
Looking for part-time work .
Percent Of labor force
Not in labor force

46




HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-8. Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, and race
{Numbers in thousands]

June 1980
Part-time labor force

Fulltime labor force

Race, sex. and age

(looking for
full-time work)

Employed

(looking for
part-time work)

part time'

time for
economic

part-time
labor force

TOTAL
Both sexes, 16 years and over.,

79,951
8,491
4,2C1

5,152
1,830
1,345
651
694
3,807
1,001
2,805
2,303
502

7,130
2,515
1,671
675
996
5,459
1,802
3,656
3,301
356

7.7
19.6
23.2
28.8
20.5
6.4

41,367
34,033
7,334

2,623
951
720
1,903
510
1,393
1,124
270

35, 104
5,573
3,104
32,000
6,190
25,810
21,782
4,028

29,631
3,621
1,742
27,889
4,971
22,917
19,231
3,687

Males, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

51,010
6,444
3,660
47,350
7,110
40,239
33,058
7, 182

45,420
4,475
2,293

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

9 2,2-13
12,836
7,217
2,3*5
4,872
85,016
14,268
70,747
58,868
11,879

Males. 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

57,129
7,263
4,113
53,016
8,079
44,937
37,C86
7 f 851

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years •• •
55 years and over

5.6
3.0

13,834
4,345
3,592
2,305
1,287
10,242
1,583
8,660
5,837
2,823

12,673
3,652
2,990
1,867
1,123
9,683
1,400
8,282
5,556
2,726

1,161
693
602
438
164
559
18 2
377
280
97

8.4
16.0
16.8
19.0
12.7
5.5
11.5
4.4
4.8
3-4

4,186
1,443
933
3,253
1,076
2,177
1,930
247

7. 3
19.9
22.7
6. 1
13.3
4.8
5.2
3-1

4,311
2,043
1,757
2, 554
567
1,987
776
1,211

3,860
1,716
1,470
2,390
503
1,887
730
1,157

451
327
287
16 3
64
99
46
54

10.5
16.0
16.4

2,529
880
625
1,905
492
1,413
1,180
233

2,944
1,072
733
2,206
727
1,479
1,372
107

8.4
19.2
23.8

9,523
2,302

710
366
315
396
118
276
234
42

7.5
15.9
17.2
5.1
11.6
4. 1

1,612

8,813
1,936
1 ,520
7,293
897
6,396
4,826
1,570

30,568
6,750

2,270
839
637
1,633
448
1,184
953
231

3,320
1,129
730
2,590
853
1,736
1,536
200

4.6
2.8

3,770
1,777
1,539
2,232
486
1,746
654
1,092

3,422
1,521
1,305
2, 116
441
1,674
624
1,051

349
256
233
116
45
71
30
41

29,876
4,831
2,712
27, 165
5,308
21,856
18,279
3,577

25,573
3,297
1,612
23,961
4,387
19,574
16,273
3,302

2,109
765
561
1,548
40 8
1,140
952
188

2,195
770
539
1,656
513
1,143
1,055
88

7.3
15.9
19.9
6.1
9.7
5.2
5.8
2.5

8,684
2,081
1,654
7 , 0 30
924
6 , 106
4,681
1,425

8, 127
1,795
1,406
6,722
838
5,884
4,487
1,397

557
286
248
309
86
222
194
28

Males, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

6, 120
820
453
5,667
968
4,699
4,029
669

4,900
394
167
4,733
684
4,049
3,465
584

353
112
83
270
61
209
171
38

866
314
203
663
223
441
394
47

14.2
38.3
44.8
11.7
23.0
9.4
9.8
7.0

540
266
219
322
81
241
122
119

439
195
165
274
62
213
107
106

102
70
54
48
19
30
15
14

18.8
26.5
24-7
14.8
23.4
12.4
12.3
11.8

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,227
742
393
4,835
882
3,953
3,502
451

4,058
3 25
130
3,928
5 84
3,344
2,9 59
385

421
115
64
357
84
273
228
45

749
302
199
550
214
336
316
20

14.3
40.7
50.7
11.4
24.2
8.5

840
221
181
658
92
566
380
1S6

636
140
115
571
59
512
339
173

154
81
67
87
33
54
40

18.3
36.6
36.8
13.2
35.5
9.5
10.5
7.5

1,020
3,182

75,750
11,465
64,284

53,263
50,320
4,869
2,460
47,860
6,493

12.6
5.2

6.9
11.7
5.7

6.3
2.7

1,835
7,688

1,016
6,672 j
5,060

6.4
11.3
5.0
5.9
4.5

4.6
2.6

White

43,127
5,809
37,319

6.5
17.5
19.9
5.5
12.0
4.3

9.3
14.4
15.2
5.2
9.2
4.1

4.6
3.8

6.4
13.7

15.0
4.4
9.3
3.6
4.1
2.0

Black and other

9.0
4.4

1 Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed proportionately among the
full- and part-time employed categories.




47

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-9. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by family relationship
[Numbers in thousands]

June 1980
Civilian labor force

Family relationship
Total

Total 16 vears and over

106,067

Husbands1
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force

40,869
20,455
1,236
17,381

With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force
Relatives in husband-wife families
16-19 years
20-24 years
25 years and over
Women who head families
Relatives in female-headed families
16-19 years
20-24 years
Persons not living in families2

Not in labor force
UnemPloyed

23,506
20,789
902
1,815
16,202
7,849
5,524
2,829
5,069
4,673
1,693
1,384
1,596
15,748

of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Going
to
school

Keeping
house

Total

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

64.7

97,776

8 ,291

7.8

57,946

32,722

4,021

2,591

18,612

80.9
92.2
92.9
70.7
48.9
55.5
56.6
20.1
69.2
67.9
82.0
55.3
58.0
60.7
59.0
76.0
53.2
61.6

39,159
19,691
1,098
16,689

1 ,710
764
138
693

4.2

9,624

168

156

1,007

8,294

3.7

1,721
95
7,216

41
1
110

65
6
52

324
36
574

1,290
51
6,481

22,175
19,691
764
1,720

1 ,331
1 ,099
138
95

24,597
16,689
693
7,216

22,203

192

265

1,938

15,523
639
6,041

149
10
33

79
3
183

939
41
959

13,558

2 ,644

7,213

1,442

2,384

362

3,025

6,341
4,707

3,713
1,209
2,291

281
206
955

1,764
534
86

12
28
322

1,656
441
928

3,675
3,019
1,176
440
1,403

2,876
809
129
103
577

96
850
639
171
40

155
222
3
20
199

1,137
405
145
587

9,818

5,224

343

580

3,670

2,510

1 ,509
817
318

4,648
3,621
1,152

421
1 ,053
541

1,091
1,378

293
219

14,615

1 ,132

Includes a small number of single, separated, widowed, or divorced men who head

11.2
4.0
5.7
5.3

15.3
5.2

16.3
19.2
14.8
11.2
8.3
22.5
32.0
21.2
13.7
7.2

548

3
Individuals living alone or with unrelated persons plus a small number of persons in
secondary families.

A-10. Unemployed persons by marital status, sex. age. and race

June
1979

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

Unemploy ntent

Thousands of
persons

Marital status, sex, aga, and race

June
1980

June
1979

Thousands of

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

2,993

4,637

4.9

7.5

3,242

3,654

950
28 3
1,760

1,708
432

2.4
6.1
11.0

4.3

2,497

1,150
523
1,569

1,645

2,291

3,669

4.2

2,385

2,751

6.4

790
201
1,291

1,438
315
1,916

2.2
5,3
9.3

963
357
1,065

1,209
412
1,131

4.6
5.6
10.4

6. 1
10.9

702

968

10.6

857

902

14.4

14.9

151
82
469

270
117
581

4.1

9.7
22.4

7.7
13.3
25.8

187
166
504

209
180
514

7.6
10.7
26.1

8>4
11.1
26.3

1,948

3,357

3.7

6.3

2,164

2,575

5.8

6.7

884
263
802

1,643
417

1,296

2.3
6.0
7.9

4.3
8.8
12.1

1,063
494
606

1,318
564
692

4.7
6.8
8.2

5.7
7.4
9.0

1,510

2,667

3.2

5.6

1,581

1,948

5.0

5.9

2.1
5.2
6.6

4.C
7.9
10.7

885
336
360

1,122
399
426

4.4
5.8
6.0

5.4
6.5
6.7

8.7

1,418

592

7.5

8.2

5.0
6.6

5.9
7.1
13.3

12.9

15.2
White, 16 years and over
Married, spouse< present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
Black and other, 16 years and over . .
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
Total, 20 to 64 years of age
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
White, 20 to 64 years of age
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
Black and other, 20 to 64 years of age
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or
Single (never married)

48




6.7
3.9
7.7
13.5
14.5

7.1
5.6

740
189
581

1,391
305
970

438

690

7.6

11.9

583

628

11.2

11.7

144
74
221

252
112
327

4.1

7.4
13.4
20.6

178
159
246

196
166
2 66

7.5
10.9
18.1

8.1
10.8
18.9

9.3
15.6

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-11. Unemployed pefiont by occupation of last job and sex
Un# ITI ploy moot r
Thousands of persons
Total

June
1979
Total, 16 years and over
White-collar workers
ProftMtionw sno tscnniCe»
Managers and administrators, except farm .
Seles workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Carpenters and other construction craft
All other
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Construction laborers
All other
Service workers
Private household
All other
Farm workers
No previous work experience
16to19ycars
20 to 24 years
26 years and over

June
1980

6,235

Jure
1979

8,291
2,048
454

1,788
417
206
297
868
2,C68
501
237
26 ft
879
183
506
153
353

251
295
1,049
3,601

906
447
459
1,575
334
786
197

589
1,229
66

1,07ft
46
1,028
79
1,227
986
162
79

1,162
103
1,310
1,022
190

6.0
3.5
2.8
1.9
4.6
4.7
5.9
3.6
5.2
2.9
7.4
4.7
8.8
12.7
7.8
7:6
4.1
7.9
2.5

Femeles

June
i960
7.8
3.9
2.9
2.3
4.7
5.5
10.3

6.7
10.2
5.0
13.3
B.S

13.6
17.5
12.7

8.6
5.8

e.s

3.3

June
1979
4.9
2.4
2.1
1.5
3.4
4.2
5.2
3.6
5.2
2.8
6.0
4.5
8.6
12.6
7.4
6.9
6.9
1.8

June
1980

7.5
2.8
2.2
1.8
3.7
5.3
9.7

6.7
10. 1
5.0
12.9
8.5
13.5
17.5
12.4

8.9
(1)
8.8
2.7

June
1979
7.5
4.5
3.7
3.2
6.0
4.9
8.9
4.2

(D

June
1980
8.2
4.9
3.7
3.5
5.8
5.5
13.0

6,3

4.2
8.6
5.0

11.0
5.7
13.9
13.2
15.0
(1)
14.8
8.4
5.3
8.8
5.4

June
1979

June
1980

3.8
9.5
a.4
10.9
(1)
10.4
e. 1

98

Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-12. Unemployed parsons by industry of last job and sax
Unemployment rates
Percent distribution

June
1979
Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, cley, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metel products
Machinery, except electrical equipment ,
Electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Other transportation equipment
instruments and related products
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries . . . .
Transportation and public utilities
Railroads and railway express
Other transportation
Communication and other public utilities .
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
•
All other service industries . . .
Agricultural wage and salary workers
All other classes of workers
No previous work experience

1

June
1980

June
1979

100.0

100.0
73.2

6.0
5.4
2.9
8.0
5.0
4.4
4.5
5.7
4.2
2.5
6.4
2.9
4.5
4.2
3.9
4.6
4.4
7.7
6.0
7.5
6.2
8.4
4.5
4.5
3.7
5.9
6.4
2.9
.9
4.3
1.7
6.8
3.1
5.4
4.1
7.0
6.0
3.0

66.5
.4
6.9
18.5
9.8
.5
.5
.5
.5

1.6
1.3
1.8
1.7

.9
.8
•4

.9
8.8
2.3

.9

1.9

.6
1.1
.8
.7
.7
2.5
.1
1.8

.6
20.6
2.7
14.8

6.3
8*5
1.8
12.1
19.7

.8
8.5
25.5
16.9
1.3
.5
.8
1.6
2.3
2.1
2.8
4.4
3.8
•7
.4
.8
8.6
2.0
1.0
1.6
.7
1.0
.7
1.1
.5
3.3
.3
2.4

.6
18.7
2.3
14.0
5.4

8.6
1.6
9.4

15.8

June
1980
7.8
7.8

6.8

13.1
9.1
10.1
15.9
7.8
9.2
10.0
11.6
5.8

9.6
15.6
24.2
5.2

5.1

9.6
7.7
8.7
9.6
9.3
7.8
5.5
4.2
11.5

6.6
4.8
4.2
7.4
2.1
8.1
3.5

6.5
4.4
9.1
7.5
3.1

June
1979

4.9
4.7
3.0
8.0
3.9
3.6
3.6
6.0
2.8
2.5
5.9
2.7
3.2
3.8
3.4
4.2
3.3
5.8
4.3
5.6
2.5
7.7
2.7
4.5
3.3
3.6
4.2
2.6
1.0
4.1
.9
5.5
3.0
4.7
3.1
6.1
4.6
2.4

June
1980
7.5
7.9
7.0
13.8
8.3
9.3

16.6
7.2
7.9
9.3
10.8
5.7
7.2
14.3

22.3
4.8
3.3
6. 1
6.3
7.6
7.9
7.6
5.5
4.7
3.9
9.1
5.9
5.0
4.6
7.2
2.1
7.3
3.5
6.8
3.4
9.6
6.5
2.5

7.5
6.5
1.9
7.4
7.6
6.4
10.8
5.2
8.7
2.1
fi.8
3.5
6.3
6.6
6.6
6.5
5.6
10.6
8.7

12.6

10.2
8.6

8.2
7.7
5.4
5.7
11.0
12.4
11.3
9.2
15-0
11. 1
14.2

6.3

12.7
21.7
33.4

6.7
7.7

14.6
9.7
11.2
11.5

9.7

10.8
4.6
4.9
10.2
9.7
3.7

15.0

d)

P)

5.1
3.0
8.2
3-2
5.8
4.5
7.9
10.6
4.0

6.7
5.1

15.9

7.1
4.3

8.2
2^3
9.1
3.5
6.3
4.8
8.7
11.1
3.8

Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.




49

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-13. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
Males. 20 years

Females, 20 yean
and over

Both sexes,
16 to 19 years

Black and other

Reason for unemployment

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

UNEMPLOYMENT LEVEL

6,235
2,096

4 99
79

3,417
2,392
974
1,418
337
572
115

2,194
746
266
4 80
328
958
161

2,601
1,181
520
661
377
871
172

2,034
252
75
177
161
634
987

2,273
372
118
254
150
729
1,022

4,677
1,609
489
1,120
706
1,528
833

6,420
3,126
1,358
1 ,76 8
708
1,660
926

1,559
486
136
350
117
563
393

1,871
819
255
564
156
512
383

100.0
47.5
19. 4
2fi. 1
10.4
26. 2
15.fi

100.0
54.6
14.1
40.5
16.6
24.8
3.9

100.0
70.0
28.5
41.5
9.9
16.7
3.4

100.0
34.0
12. 1
21.9
15.0
43.7
7.3

100.0
45.4
20.0
25.4
14.5
33.5
6.6

100.0
12.4
3.7
S.7
7.9
31.2
43.5

100.0
16.4
5.2
11.2
6.6
32.1
44.9

100.0
34.5
10.5
24.0
15.1
32.7
17.8

100.0

100.0
31.2
8.7
22.5
7.5
36. 1
25.2

100.0
43.8
13.6
30.2
8.3
27.4
20.5

7. 8
3.7
. 8
2.0
1.2

3.7
2.0
.6
.9
.1

6. 1
4.4
.6
1.0
.2

5.7
2.0
.9
2.5

6.6
3.0
.9
2.2
.4

18.4
2.3
1.5
5.7
8.9

21.0
3.5
1.4
6.7
9.5

5.1
1.7
.8
1.7
.9

6.9
3.4

12.4
3.9
•9
4.5
3.1

14.7
6.4
1.2
4.0
3.0

625
1,471
823
2,091
1,226

6,29 1
3,94 5
1,613
2,33 2
66 4
2,17 2
1,309

2,008
1,098
2 34
814
3 33

100.0
33.6
10.0
23-6
13.2
33.5
19.7

Total unemployed, in thousands
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

6.0
2.0
.8
2.0
1.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

ue.e
21.1
27.5
11.0
25.9
14.4

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
Total unemployment rate
Job loser rate1
Job leaver rate1
Reentrant rate1
New entrant rate1

.8
1.8
1.0

1 Unemployment rates are calculated as a percent of the civilian labor force.

A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, duration, sex, and age
(Percent distribution]

June 1930
Total unemployed

Duration of unemployment

Reason, sex, and age
Less than
5 weeks

Thousands
of persons

weeks

Miles, 20 years and over..
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

100.0

51.3

28.8

20.0

11.2

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

37.8
48.5
30.5
49.1
63.3
73.2

33.4
33.3
33.5
30.5
25.2
19.7

28.7
18.2
36.1
20.4
11.6
7.1

16.2
12.0
19.2
10.5
6.8
3.6

3,417

100.0

39.2

32.8

28.0

15.3

12.7

2,392
974
1,418
337
572
115

On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

8,291
3,945
1,613
2,332
664
2,172
1,309

Total, 16 years and over . .

Job losers

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

35.2
47.1
27.0
39.7
53.0
52.7

34.1
35.2
33.3
33.8
27.0
32.7

30.8
17.7
39.7
26.5
20.0
14.6

17.1
12.2
20.4
13.1
10.7
6.3

13.6
5.4
19.3
13.3

12.5
6.2
16.9
9.9
4.8
3.5

9.3
8.2

Both Mxes, 16 to 19 years

-

50



2,601

100.0

49.8

30.3

19.9

11.1

8.8

1,181
520
661
377
871
172

Females, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

15 to 26

5 to 14

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

39.3
47.7
32.7
51.2
60.2
66.4

32.6
31.6
33.3
28-5
29.2
25.0

28.1
20.7
33.9
20.3
10.6
8.6

15.4
12.8
17.4
10.2

12.7

6.9
4.7

10.1
3.8
4.0

2,273

100.0

71.0

20.9

8.0

5.1

2.9

372
118
254
150
729
1,022

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

50.5
64.0
44.3
64.6
74.9
76.6

31.7
25.2
34.7
28.5
19.0
17.3

17.8
10.8
21.1

13.3
6.1
16.6
5.3
3.6
3.2

4.5
4.8
4.4
1.6
2.5
2.9

6.9
6.1

6.0

7.9
16.5

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-16. Unemployed jobseekers by the jobsearch methods used, sex. age, and race
June 1980
Maihode uaad aa a paroant of total johniksrs

Total

Total, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 yean
26 to 34 years
36 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
Males, 16 years and over..
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
26 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
66 years and over
Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,291
2,27 3
1,985
2,004
916

661
366
86

6,472
2,095
1,563
1,450

636
425
2 34
68

4,637

3,476

1,22 0
1, 140
1,156
477
343
242

60

1,109
861
7 80
3 09
212
157
47

3,654

2,996

1,053
845
848

9 87
702

439
319
124

26

670
3 27
213
77
20

27.4
20.8
29.6
32.5
29.7
32.9
25.6
d)

6.1
4.3
6.7
6.7
8.3
7.8
4.3
P)

75.0
81.1
75.2
71.8
70.0
65.2
72.2

28.9
18.6
34.4
35.9
31.7
33.5
22.3

5.3
3.4
5.5
5.8
9.4
7.1
3.8
(1)

74.4
82.2
74.1
69.0
69.6
67,9
69.4
(D

28.2
22.4
29.5
36.9
26.5
25.9
29.3
(1)

17.5
17.2
16.6
16.9
22.7
21.7
14.0

(1)

(1)

7.0
5.3
e.4

75.7
79.8
76.6
75.1
70.3
62.4
79.2
P)

29.0
22.1
32.9
33.1
30.3

11.9
11.7
11.4

3.7
4.0
3.1
4.2

(D
25.7
23.3
23.6
28.5
26.0
32.4
32.5
(D

7.8
7.3
8.5
6.5

28.6
22.2
11.0
35.2
28.5
32.0
25.2

14.9
14.6
14.3
13.2
18.4
19.3

17. 1

P)

3 8.5
16.9

5.4
3.8
5.1
6.6
5.2
10.1
7.7

P>

8.7
14.4
16.9
23.4

P>

6.9
3.7
6.6
a. 6
10.7
12.3

9.6

8.0
5.2
V)

1.57
1.47
1.62
1.66
1.60
1.67
1.52
(1)
1.61
1.48
1.67
1.73
1.72
1.68
1.48

P)
1.53
1.46
1.56
1.57
1.48
1.67
1.64

P)

White, 16 years and over •
Males
Females

6,420
3,669
2,751

4,861
2,673
2,186

25.7
27.2
23.8

6.0
5.4
6.8

76.2
7S.3
77.3

30.3
29.6
31.1

16.1
18.9
12.7

5.4
7.0
3-5

1.60
1.63
1.55

Btock and other, 16 years
and over
Males
Females

1,871
968
902

1,611
8 03
8 08

32.7
34.4
31.1

6.1
4.7
7.5

71.4
71.6
71.2

2 3.4
23.4
23.4

11.4
13.1

5.5
6.5
4.5

1.51
1.54
1.48

Percent not shown where base is leu than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseekers total is less than the total unemployed because persons on layoff or

9.9

waiting to begin a new wage and salary job within 30 days are not actually seeking jobs. It
should also be noted that the percent using each method will always total more than 100
because many jobseekers use more than one method.

A-16. Unemployed jobseekers by the jobsearch methods used, sex, and reason for unemployment
June 1980
Thousands of persons

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Sex and reason

Average
f of
Total
job-

8,291
3,945
864
2,172
1,309

6,4 72
2,301
8 85
1,999
1,28€

27.4
36.3
26.0
22.8
19.8

9.4
6.5
4.2

75.0
73.2
76.9
74.0
78.4

28.6
29.3
32.5
31.5
19.8

14.9
15.4
18.0
13.6
13.9

5.4
7.6
2.4
4.7
4.7

1.57
1.67
1.65
1.53
1.41

Males, 16 years and over .
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

4,637
2,639
405
953

3,476

641

6 26

28.9
37.0
26.3
20.7
21.2

5.3
4.6
7.9
5.3
5.0

74.4
72.7
77.3
74.9
76.2

28.2
28.6
28.9
32.3
20.9

17.5

1,570
4 18
861

6.9
9.7
2.6
5.7
4.5

1.61
1.69
1.65
1.58
1.44

Females. 16 years and over
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,6 54
1,306

2,996
731
4 67
1,138
660

25.7
34.6
25.7
24.3
18.3

7.0
7.5
10.7
7.2
3.5

75.7
74.3
76.7
73.4
80.5

29.0
30.9
35.8
30-9
18.8

3.7
3. 1
2.1
4.0
5.0

1.53
1.64
1.65
1.50
1.37

Total, 16 years and over
Job losers
Reentrants
Now0ntrsnts

•••••••>••••.

459
1,220
668

6.1
5.6

16. 1
22.0
18.7
16.6
11.9
14.0
14.3

9.8
11.4

NOTE: See note, table A-16.




51

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-T7. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Full-time workers

Total

Juno
1979
Total, 16 years and over

...

Lass than 5 weeks
6 t o 14 weeks
6 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
16 weeks and over
15to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27to61waakt
52 weeks and ovar
Avaraga (mean) duration, in weeks
Madian duration, in weeks

A-18.

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

6,235

8,291

100.0

100.0

5,132

7, 130

100.0

100.0

3,667
1,483
1,116
367
1,085
593
492
271
221

4,249
2,387
1,773
613
1,655
926
729
432
297

58.8
23.8
17.9
5.9
17.4
9.5
7.9
4.3
3.5

51.3
28.8
21.4
7.4
20.0
11.2
8.8
5.?
3.6

2,P78
1,269
954
314
985
542
444
245
108

3# 4 25
2,170
1,603
567
1,535
860
674
404
270

56.1
24.7
18.6
6.1
19.2
10.6
8.7
4.8
3,9

48.0
30.4
22.5
8.0
21.5
12.1
9.5
5.7
3.8

9.4
4.3

1C.4
4.9

10. 1
4.5

11.0
5.4

Unemployed persons by duration, sex, age, race, and marital status

Thousands of persons

15 to 26

Sax, age, race, and marital status

27 weeks

(mean)
duration,
in weeks

duration,
in weeks

June 1980

Less than 5 weeks as a 15 weeks and ovar as a
t o f unemf
in group
in group

June
1979

June
19P.0

June
1979

June
1980

16to 21 years
16to19years
20to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,291
3,209
2,273
1,985
2,004
916
66 1
366
86

4,249
2,155
1,614
1,023
817
346
265
129
34

2,387
74 7
476
627
644
323
189
106
22

926
132
116
2C2
287
143
1C5
62
11

729
124
67
132
236
105
102
69
19

10.4
6.7
6.0
9.3
12.4
13.3
14.7
16.6
17.3

4.9
3.7
3.5
4.8
7.1
7.6
7.9
8.6
8.7

58.8
71.7
73.3
61.7
48.4
44.0
50.2
43.0
3.3.3

51.3
67.2
71.0
51.6
41.8
37.8
40.0
35.3
39.9

17.4
8.4
6.7
16.1
22.4
28.6
26.3
32.8
33.5

20.0
9.6
8.0
16.8
26.1
27.0
31.4
35.7
34.8

Males, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 yean
20 to 24 year*
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 yean
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,637
1,770
1,220
1 ,140
1,156
477
343
242
60

2, 181
1,142
842
534
423
152
118
B8
24

1,379
420
258
375
380
182
99
66
19

599
123
77
142
190
en
60
40
5

478
35
44
88
162
58
66
47
11

11.7
7.3
6.5
10.fi
13.8
14.ft
17.2
18. 1
16.6

5.7
3.9
3.6
5.7
8.6
8.7
9.2
8.8
7.4

56.2
72.3
74.2
59.2
42.5
36.5
48.1
38.6
(1)

47.0
64.5
6S.0
46.9
36.6
32.0
34.3
36.5
(1)

20. 1
9.4
7.2
19.0
27.1
34.6
25.9
35.4

23.2
11.7
9.9
20.2
30.5
29.8
36.9
36.2
(1)

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16to19years
20to 24 years
25 to 34 years
36to44years
45 to 54 years
56 to 64 years
66 years and over

3,654
1,438
1,053
845
84 e
439
319
124
26

2,069
1,013
773
489
414
194
147
41
10

1,007
327
218
252
264
140
90
40
3

327
59
39
€1
97
59
45
22
6

o p

40
23
43
73
46
36
22
7

5I9
5.5
7.5
10.4
11.9
12.0
13.7
18.8

4.4
3.6
3.4
4.3
5.3
6.4
6.2
8.3
15.8

61.2
71.2
72.4
64.0
53.0
49.6
52.4
49.8
(1)

56.6
70.4
73.4
57.9
48.8
44.1
46.2
33.1
(1)

14.9
7.5
6.2
13.5
18.6
24.1
26.7
28.9

(D

15.8
6.9
5.9
12.3
20.0
23.9
25.5
34.7
(1)

White, 16 years and ovar..

6,420
3,669
2,751

3,312
1,743
1,568

1,848
1,091
756

734
4 75
259

527
360
167

10.1
11.3
8.4

4.8
5.6
4.4

60.0
57.4
62.6

51.6
47.5
57.0

16.9
19.4
14.5

19.6
22.7
15.5

Black and other, 16 years and over

1 ,871
968
902

938
437
500

539
288
251

192
125
68

202
118
84

11.5
13.1
9.0

5.0
6.4
4.5

55.2
52.5
57.4

50.1
45.2
55.4

19.0
22.3
16.2

21.1
25. 1
16.8

Males, 16 years and ovar:
Married, spouse present....
Widowed, divorced, or

1,708

618

583

286

221

13.6

8.2

43.9

36.2

28.3

29.7

separated.
Single (never married)

432
2,497

136
1,427

156
641

69
244

72
185

16.6
9.5

9.4
4.4

39.8
65.5

31.4
57.1

29.9
14. 1

32.6
17.2

1,418

735

423

161

99

9.4

4.8

55.2

51.9

17.6

18.3

592
1,645

240
1,094

199
386

76
90

77
75

12.7
6.9

7.5
3.8

51.5
68.8

40.5
66.5

22.4
10.5

25.9
10.C

Total, 16 years and ovar

(D

Females, 16 years and ovar:
Widowed, divorced, or
separated
Single (never married) .

Percent not shown where base it leis than 76,000.

52



HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-19. Unemployed |

is by duration, occupation, and industry of last job

Lestthen6week*
as a percent of
Occupation and industry

15 week* and over
aiaparoantof

V

Total

June
1979

June 1980

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

OCCUPATION
2 37
82
32
123

17 3
76
24
73

10.3
11,8
9,9
9.4

4.9
5.9
4.7
4.8

55.1
50.6
55.7
58.1

50.8
47.5
53.2
52.4

19.3
25.5
18.5
15.2

20.0
22.4
19.0
18.7

525
158
248
44
74

393
90
175
30
99

12.2
12.3
12.4
12.4
11.6

6.7
6.6
7.4
6.9
5.5

52.5
48.7
52.3
51.2
57.2

41.8
42.7
38.2
42.6
47.7

22.6
23.3
24.8
19.2
19.4

25.5
27.4
26.9
22.3
22.0

326

110

110

9,9

4.5

61.6

55.6

15.5

17.9

74
322
786
512
274
148
795
965
110

44
202
733
500
233
94
499
456
38

10
132
349
231
117
27
144
170
27

8
73
254
160
94
33
119
161
28

9.1
11.6
13.2
13.1
13,4
10.8
10.0
10.2
11.0

4.6
6.4
7.9
8.0
7.5
5.2
4.9
4.7
4.6

74.3
52.5
49.4
49.3
49.5
53.0
59.3
57.9
55.9

54.6
44.1
37.0
36.5
38.1
49.0
51.1
55.0
54.?

12.0
21.3
26.2
29.8
22.2
22.5
14.9
17.5
22.9

13.0
28.1
28.4
27.9
29.4
19.8
16.9
18.9
27.2

959

258

47

46

6.2

3.4

71.5

73.2

8.0

2,048
7 0S
295
1,049

1,040
335
157
549

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers . .
Operatives, except transport.
Transport equipment operative
Nonfarm labo

3,601
906
1,575
334
786

1,506
387
602
142
375

Service workers .

1,229

683

Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries . . .
Public administration

135
729
2,122
1,404
718
302
1,557
1,755
203

No previous work experience.

1,310

White-collar workers
Sales workers . .
Clerical workers ,

598
212
82
304
1, 177
271
550
117
238

INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing...
Durable goods.

1

7. 1

Includes wage and salary workers only.

A-20. Employed persons by sex and age
{'"thousands]

A99 WIG type of industry

June
1979

16to19years .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years .
25 to 54 years . .
25 to 34 years
36 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 yean .
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
66 years and over

16to 19years . . .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20to24years . . .
25 to 54 years . . .
25 to 34 years
36 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years ..
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
00 ytin too over
Agriculture
16 to 19 yean . .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20to24yean . . .
25to54yean . . .
26 to 34 yean
36 to 44 yean
46 to 54 yaws
56 to 64 years ..
66 to 59 yean
60 to 64 yam
65 years and .over




June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

97,917
9,007

97,776
8,536

57,817
4,965
2,120
2,845

56,803
4,650
1,976
2,674
7,506

3,748
5,260
14,370

60,259

3,538
4,999
13,866
61,124

25,4C3
18,650
16,205
11,276
7,033
4,243
3,004

25,790

94,132
8,472
3,450
5,022
13,898
58, 387
24,701
18,090
15,595
10,740

94,039
7,959
3,203
4,756

6,759
3,981

2,635
3,785
535
29 fi
238
472
1,872
702
560
610
536
274
262
370

19,156
16,177
11,338

6,957
4,381
2,912

13,392
59,295
25, 101
18,548
15,646
10,802

7,946
36,104
15,243
11,046
9, a 16
6,910

4,276
2,635
1,891
54,871
4,528
1,886

2,642
7,573
34,722
14,692
10,657

35,887
15, 154
11,107

9,627
6,949
4,260
2,689
1,811
53,883
4,200
1,712
2,489
7,126

34,536
14,622
10,681
9,233

6,694

9,373
6,477
4,062

4, 109
2,590

2,415
1,572

2,448
1,520

3,737
577
335
243
474
1,828
689
608
531
536
264
272
322

2,946
437
234
204
373
1,382
551
389
442
433
214
220
319

2,920
449
264
185
380

6,500
4,052

1,351
531
426
394
448
208
240
291

June
1979

June
1980

40,100
4,042
1,628
2,414
6,424
24,155
10,160
7,605
6,389
4,366
2,757
1,609
1,113

40,973
3,887
1,562
2,325
6,360
25,237
10,637
8,049
6,551
4,389
2,697
1,692
1,100

39,26V
3,944
1,564
2,381
6,325
23,665
10,009
7,434
6,222
4,263
2,697
1 ,566
1,063

40,156
3,759
1,491
2,267
6,267
24,758
10,479
7,867
6,413
4,302
2,642
1,660
1,070

839

817
128
70
57
94
478
158
182
138
87

98
64
34

99
490
151
171
168
103

60
43
5C

55
32
31

53

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-21. Employed persons by occupation, sex, end age
[In thousands]

MM0St 20 yMft MIO O

Jane
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1930

97,917

97,776

52,852

48,672

50,307

Professional and technical
Health workers
•
Teachtrs, except college
Other professional and technical

14,556
2,776
2,697
9,083

Managers and administrators, except farm . .
Salaried workers
Self-employed workers in retail trade . . . .
Self-employed workers, except retail trade

1t-1ty

*OTMMS9 2 0 ytGTS MtQ OVff

June
1979

June
1980

52, 1 53

36,058

37,087

4,965

4 ,650

4,042

3,887

22,498

22,977

23,459

24,708

719

713

1,996

1,909

15,241
2,928
2,789
9,524

8,309
927
817
6,565

8,497
9 30
798
6,769

6,040
1,840
1,861
2,339

6,537
1,977
1,971
2,589

102
6
96

114
7
10
97

105
3
19
83

93
15
10
68

1C,5C2
8,797
829
876

10,878
8,980
824
1,074

7,866
6,581
561
725

8,055
6,598
550
907

2,532
2,117
269
145

2,689
2,253
272
164

57
51

71
69

47
47

63
59
2
1

6,150
3,158
2,992

6,023
3,099
2,925

3,182
1,004
2,177

3,069
9P1
2,088

2,285
1,557
72ft

2,269
1,526
744

239
185
54

223
173
51

445
411
34

462
420
42

17,U6a
a,736
12,728

18,165
5,017
1.3,148

3,141
52
3,089

3,357
65
3,292

12,602
4,338
8,264

13,213
4,631
8,582

321
6
315

3C5
7
298

1,399
339
1,060

1,290
314
976

33,140

31,333

24,360

23,178

5,458

5,185

2,868

2,554

455

416

Craft and kindred workers
Carpenters
Construction craft, except carpenters
Mechanics and repairers
Metal craft
Blue-collar worker supervisors, not elsewhere
classified
All other

13,276
1,429
2,853
3,567
1.3 15

12,621
1,216
2,735
3,299
1,344

11,928
1,297
2,644
3,335
1,223

11,289
1,116
2,510
3,058
1,245

706
14
41
50
39

702
18
55
57
52

602
116
161
180
49

576
75
161
184
47

41
1
7
4
5

54
8
9
2

1,663
2.4 49

1,669
2,357

1,499
1,930

1,499
1,861

146
417

155
365

12
83

14
96

5
19

1
35

Operatives, except transport
Durable goods manufacturing . . .
Nondurable goods manufacturing
Other industries

10,963
5,118
3,345
2,500

10,273
4,455
3,364
2,454

5,857
3,078
1,312
1,467

5,605
2,831
1,280
1,494

4,092
1,6 94
1,790
607

3,850
1,418
1,829
602

720
243
114
3 63

560
149
116
295

293
103
128

257
56

Transport equipment operatives
Drivers, motor vehicles
....
All other

3,6 72
3,124
547

3,455
2,945
514

3,217
2,728
489

3,050
2,573
477

2 36

208
197
11

203
164
39

191
167
24

16
17

9
7
2

Nonfarm laborers .
Construction . . .
Manufacturing . .
Other industries .

5,230
1,056
1,101
3,072

4,981
931
961
3,089

3,359
726
818
1,914

3,233
698
723
1,813

424
23
123

1,343
299
147
896

1,227
212
111
903

104
7
13
84

96
5

278

425
16
117
291

12,9ei

13,103

3,878

3,960

6,555

6,659

1,035

1,022

1,513

1,463

1,084
1,062
1 1,9 19 12,020
4,436
4,552
1t3e6
1,420
6,097
6,048

14
3,864
782
1,250

20
3,940
891
1,254

807
5,748
2,208
10ft
3,436

837
5,822
2,166
129
3,527

14
1,021
601
23
397

6
1 ,016
660
24
332

227
1,286
846
9
431

221
1,242
835
13
394

586

535

344

360

78

100

79
70
8

99
62

TOTAL.
White-collar worton .

Sales workers
Retail trade
Other industries .
Clerical workers
Stenographers, typists, and secretaries
Other clerical workers
Blue-collar workers .

Service workars
Private household workers
Service workers, except private household .
Food service workers
Protective service workers
All other
Farm workers

3,124

3,032

Farmers and farm managers

1,496

1,49 4

Farm laborers and supervisors .
Paid workers
Unpaid family workers

1,627
1,222
405

1,538
1,168
370

54




1,832

1,795

2,116

2,038

1,332

1,301

784
738
46

737
690
48

216
20

June
1980

June
1979

June
1979

151

169

14

366
168
197

330
235
95

336

62

138
63

10
81

24

435
179
256

June
1980

249
87

38

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-22.

Employed persons by occupation, sex, and race

[Percent distribution]

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

97,917
100.0

97,776
100.0

57,817
100.0

56,803
100.0

40,100
100.0

40,973
100.0

49.7
14.9
10.7
6.3
17.8

51.5
15.6
11.1
6.2
18.6

40.2
14.5
13.7
5.9
6.0

41.7
15.2
14.3
5.8
6.4

63.5
15.3
6.4
6.8
34.9

65.0
16.2
6.7
6.7
35.4

33.8
13.6
11.2
3.8
5.3

32.0
12.9
10.5
3.5
5.1

47.1
21.7
11.4
5.9
8.1

45.3
20.9
10.9
5.7

14.7
1.9
1C.9
.6
1.3

13,7
1.8
10.0
.5
1.3

13.3
1.1
12.2

13.4
1.1
12.3

8.5
.1
8.4

8.8

19.8
2.6
17.2

3.2
1.5
1.7

3.1
1.5
1.6

4.3
2.3
1.9

8.7
4.2
2.3
1.9

20.1
2.6
17.5
1.7
.4
1.3

1.5
.4
1. 1

86,919
100.0

86,920
100.0

51,896
100.0

51,111
100.0

35,023
100.0

35,809
100.0

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

51. 2
15.2
11.4
6.7
17.9

53.0
15.9
11.9
6.6
18.6

41.6
15.0
14.5
6.3
5.3

43.1
15.7
15.2
6.1
6.2

65.5
15.4
e.s
7.4
35.8

67.1
16.3
7.2
7.2
36.3

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

33.5
14.0
10.8
3.6
5. 1

31.5
13.4
10.0
3.4
4.8

46.4
22.2
11.0
5.6
7.6

44.5
21.4
10.4
5.3
7.4

14.3
2.0
10.4
.6
1.3

13.0
1.9
9.4
.5
1.2

Service workers
Private household workers
Other service workers

12.0
.8
11.2

12.2
.8
11.4

7.7
(1)
7.6

8.0
(D
7.9

ie.5
2.0
16.5

18.2
1.9
16.3

3.2
1.7
1.6

3.3
1.7
1.6

4.3
2.5
1.8

4.4
2.5
1.8

1.6
.4
1.2

1.7
.5
1.2

10,998
100.0

10,856
100.0

5,921
100.0

5,692
100.0

5,077
100.0

5,164
100.0

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

37.7
12.5
5.2
2.7
17.3

39.0
12.7
5.2
2.8
18.3

27.5
10.6
6.8
2.7
7.4

28.9
10.6
6.7
2.9
8.7

49.5
14.7
3.3
2.7
28.8

50. 1
15.0
3.5
2.7
28.9

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

36.5
9.7
14.5
4.8
7.6

36.1
9.2
14.8
5.0
7.1

52.8
17.0
14.6
8.3
12.9

52.3
16.0
15.0
9.2
12.2

17.5
1.1
14.5
.6
1.3

18.2
1.7
14.5
.4
1.5

22.9
3. 1
19.8

23.1
3.4
19.7

15.8
.1
15.7

16.0
.1
15.9

31.2
6.7
24.5

31.0
7.1
23.9

2.9
.4
2.5

1.9
.3
1.6

3.9
.6
3.2

2.9
.5
2.4.

1.8
.1
1.6

.1
.7

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers.
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

,

Service workers
Private household workers
Other service workers
Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers
Farm laborers and supervisors . . * .

7.9

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent

Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers
Farm laborers and-supervisors
Black and otter
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent

Service workers
Private household workers
Other service workers
Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers .
Farm laborers and supervisors
1

,
,

Less than 0.06 percent.




55

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-23.

Employed persons by class of worker, age, and sex

[In thousands]

June 1980

AgaandMx

Wag* and salary workers
SaH
Total

65 years and over

4,679
13,045
23,534
16,686
14,C29
9,659
6,012
3,647
2,064

1,265
304
2 37
67
118
154
1 19
2 24
205
1 10
96
141

15,367
599
233
366
1,464
4,483
3,380
3,091
1,998
1,292
705
353

70,204
6,917
2,670
4,246
11 ,462
18,897
13,187
10,714
7,456
4,610
2,84 7
1,570

6,733
98
42
56
301
1,489
1,741
1,512
1,089
656
434
503

Males, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
6 0 t o 64years
65 years and over

49,060
4,107
1,678
2,430
6,386
13,543
9,473
8, 147
5,726
3,595
2,130
1 ,178

209
86
63
23
39
19
6
13
17
15
3
29

7,746
310
126
185
628
2,247
1,688
1,618
1,053
676
377
202

41,105
3,710
1 ,439
2,222
6,219
11,278
7,779
6,517
4,655
2,904
1,751
947

4,739
62
18
44
213
1,071
1,20 3
1,084
770
456
314
337

Females, 16 years and over
16 t o 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

37,776
3,712
1,463
2,250
6,159
9,991
7,213
5,882
3,934
2,417
1,517
R85

1,0 56
217
174
43
79
135
11.3
211
188
95
93
1 12

7,621
288
107
181
836
2,236
1,692
1,473
945
616
329
150

29,099
3,207
1,182
2,025
5,243
7,620
5,408
4,197
2,801
1,705
1 ,096
623

1,994
36
24
13
88
418
538
428
319
200
120
167

86,837
7,820

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
1 8 t o 19years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
46 to 54 years
5 5 t o 6 4 years
55 to 59 years

3, 140

60to 64years

A-24.

1,658
4 09
225
184
326
349
231
159
116
6S
51
69

83
31
16
15
27
fl
5
1
5
1
4
5
3 86
10
5
5
20
70
116
103
49
26
24
18

1,693
44
27
17
108
291
306
319
390
1B0
210
235

386
124
82
42
41
49
71
53
30
18
12
18

1,294
324
185
139
256
269
164
122
94
51
43
66

1,490
39
25
15
99
255
258
272
350
155
195
217

136
86
55
32
25
8
4
1
4
2
2
8

365
85
40
45
70
80
67
37
22
14
3

469
41
21
20
47
78
121
105
54
26
2P
23

203
5
3
2
8
36
48
48
40
25
15

250
38
28
10
15
41
67
53
26
16
9

Employed persons by industry and occupation

[In thousands]

Jane 1980
Servtee workers

Una Mil.

Industry
Professional and
technical
workers

Managers
and
admMs-

tnmn.
rapt
farm

Sates
workers

CterioeJ
worfcors

Craft
and
kindred
workers

Operatives,
exoapt
transport

Hi

Total
employed

Other
etrvto*
workers

laborers

Farm
workers

Total, 16 years and over:

1 ,737

Agriculture
Mining
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods .
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real
estate
Services
Other service industries
Public administration

56



11 1
19 3
2,43 8
1,653
78 4

40
71
815

13
8
18

101
100
509

1,777
979
798

529
202
327

2,712
1,577
1,135

6,419
19,684
3,753
15,930

65 8
44 5

647
3,751

1,494
3,413

164

758

28 1

2,993

69
3,987
889
3,099

5,698
27,865
1,339
26,526
5,465

330
9,910
8
9,902
1,079

1,069
2,0 53

1 , 170
222

2,699
5,126

2,0 53

222
6

5,119
2,010

926

..

6 ,438
21 , 54 4
12,801
8,743

77

654

767

2,646

7,819
4,455
3,3 64

40
54
230
730

343
39
931
961'

—
—
—

17
9
27
407

332
398

579
.182

—

222
185

1,348
1,426
298
1,127

159

1,374

943
186

703
385

495
1,249

758

318

975

88
1,524
9
1,515
298

9

11

739

254

6
733

11
243

45

62

77
699
169
530
185

62
255
3,448
4,173
2,803
1,370

12
279
266

274

—

174
3,766
33

3,733
1,084
1,084
—-

244
6,253
44
6,209
1,125

3,032
—
——
—
—
——
—

—

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-25.

Employed persons with a job but not «t work by reason, pay status, and sex
Nonegrioulturel indw

Wage and salary workers1
Total
Paid absenees2

June
1979
Total, 16 years and over .

June
1980

7, 122

4,618
1,385
17
141
858

3,539
2,135
831
574

3,259
2,024

3,450
2,101

Vacation
Illness
All other reaaonsS

718
517

795
553

Femeles, 16 years and over .

3,583

3,510

3,569

2,526

Vacation
Illness
AllotnorrtstOfW

2,536
522
453

592
,.«•••••«•••••

June
1979

6,67 0
4,523
1,217
31
79
82C

1,423
22
142
876

Males, 16 years and over.

7,018

June
1980

6,769
4,559
1,240
40
79
851

4,660
Industrial dispute .
All other reasons .

June
1979

465

2,516
590

464

June
1980

3,822

June
1979

2,654

June
1980

3,110
520

3,591
2,947
449

192

195

608

536

3,180
1,995
697

2,041
1,634
302

1,933
1,517
291
124

1,103
361
435
307

965
365
358
243

3,490
2,527
520
442

1,780
1,475
217
88

1,659
1,430

1,552
911
340
301

1,586
974
318
294

105

1,271

776

158
71

2,549
1,337

675

3|ncludes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
2

i for bad weather and industrial dispute; these categories

Pay status not a
are included in all other reasons.

A-26.

NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

Parsons at work by type of industry and hours of work
June 1980
Percent distribution
Hours of work

Agri-

Agriculture

91,007

87,369

3,638

100.0

100.0

100.0

1-34 hours
1-4 hours
5-14 hours
15-29 hour*
30-34 hours

21 ,125

20,204
64 9

919
45
200
462
212

23.2
.8
4.0
11.5
7.0

23. 1
,7
3!9
11. 5
7, C

25.3
1.2
5.5
12.7
5.8

36 hours and over
36-39hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
00 hours and over

69 ,8 83
6 ,8 55
40 ,461
22 ,567

2,718
126
535
2,057
273
481
1,303

76.8
7.5
44.5
24.8
9.6
8.2
7.0

76. 9
7. 7
45. 7
23. 5
9. 6
8. 0
5. 8

74.7
3.5
14.7
56.6
7.5
13.2
35.8

Total, 16 yean and over .

Average hours, total at work

6 95

3 ,6 20
10 ,4 66
6,344

7*481
,

6 ,3 88
38.9

Average hours, workers on full-time
schedules




i
H3.0

3,419
10,004
6,132
67,165

6,730
39,925
20,510
8,425
7,000
5,085
38.5
42.5

43.6
56.8

57

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-27. Persons at work 1 - 34 hours by usual status and reason for working less than 35 hours
[Number* in thousands]

June 1980

Reason for working less than 35 hours
Usually
work
part time

full t i n *

Total, 16 years and over

21,125

6,802

14,322

2 0 , 204

6,555

13,650

5,152

Economic reasons
Stack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
• New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons

Usually
work
part time

2,204
1,697
85
318
104

2,943
967

4,860

2,C86
1,595
81

2,774
886

4,600

11,374
9,304

2,664
85
318
104
1,981
15,974
9, 304
1 , 4 05
1,454
136
25
135
1,402
2,110

.

1,405
1,279
136
25
135

2,481
81
308
103
1,887

3C8
103
1,887

4,466

15,342

8,932
1,378
1,393
112
25
134

175

1,378
1,249
112
25
134

10,876
8,932
144

1,366
2,004

1,571

1,366
433

24.4
26.1

20.0
19.5

22.0
21.5

24.5
26.2

20. 1
19.5

1,606
4,738

Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons

1,402
492

21.9
21.4

Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons

1,618

983
2,471

623
2,267

1,538
4,594

950
2,421

588
5,173

A-28. Nonagricultural workers by industry and full- or part-time status
[Numbers in thousands]

June 1930
Full- or part-time status
Average
On ff
Total
at

Total, 16 years and o v e r ' . . . .
Wage and salary workers
Construction
Manufacturing
Durablegoods
Nondurable goods

On part t i n *
for economic

On
iluntai
.part tiro*

noun,
total
at work

workers
on full-time

49 hours

Total

87,369

4,660

10,876

71,633

51,123

8,425

12,085

38.5

42.5

80,624

4,353

9,686

66,585

48,846

7,886

9,853

38.3

42.1

4,964

417

196

4,351

3,227

493

631

39.6

42.1

19,978

879
427.
452

577
216
361

18,522
11,256
7 , 266

13,717
8,364
5,353

2,524

2,281

1,550
974

1,342

40.5
41.0
39.8

41.8
41.9
41.7

262
3,724
499

5,190
11,698
4,402

3,725
7,693
3,470

568
409

897
2,328
523

41.1
36.2
38.4

42.9
43.0
40.9

11,899
€.079

5,662

939

Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

16,773

4,994

210
1,351
93

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

22,295
1,194
21,101
5,123

1,256
222
1,034
121

4,126
541
3,585
287

16,913
431
16,482
4,715

12,363
293
12,570
3,736

1,657
54
1,603
443

2,393
84
2,309
536

36.2
24.2
36.9
39.7

41.6
42.4
41.6
41.5

6,276
469

477

1,000
190

4,799
250

2,129
150

513
26

2,157
74

41.5
34.7

48.5
45.6

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

Includes mining, not shown separately.

58




29

1,677

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by full- or part-time status, sex, age, race, and marital status
(Numbtrs in thousands]

June 1080
On full-time schedules
fax, a * , race, and marital status

Total
at

On part
time for

On
voluntary
40 boon
or less

TOTAL
Both sexes, 16 years and over
18 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

12,705
7,669
3,0 69
4,600
79,700
12,817
66,8 84
40,433
24,0 79
2.3 72

4,860
1,705
1,237
575
661
3,622
964
2,659
1,632
915
113

10,876
3,283
2,678
1,670
1,008
8,198
1,268
6,931
3,477
2,307
1 ,147

71,633
7,717
3,754
824
2,931
67,880
10,585
57,294
35,324
20,857
1,112

51,123
6,089
2,986
673
2,314
48,138
8,065
40,071
24,418
14,860
793

20,510
1,628
768
151
617
19,742

Males. 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

50,7 03
6,694
4,067
1,645
2,423
46,6 35
6,856
39,779
23,867
14,512
1,401

2,415
856
636
322
315
1,779
486
1,293
803
426
64

3,253
1,512
1,293
843
450
1,960
445
1,515
466
451
598

4 5,035
4,326
2,138
480
1,658
42,896
5,925
36,971
22,598
13,635
739

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

36,667
6,011
3,602
1.4 25
2,177
33,065
5,961
27,103
16,5 66
9,567
971

2,444
848
601
255
347
1,844
478
1,367
829
487
49

7,623
1,771
1 ,385
827
558
6,238
822
5,416
3,011
1 ,857
549

77,4 87
45*5 12
31,975

4,149
2,101
2,048

9,8 82
5,190
4,692

34,158

17,223
10,906
5,997
319

38,5
32.4
29.3
23,3
33.3
39.4
37.9
39.7
40.2
39.8
29.0

42.5
40.7
40.3
39.2
40.6
42.6
41.3
42.8
42.9
42.8
42.7

29,222
3,186
1,618
378
1,240
27,603
4,132
23,470
14,054
8,917
507

15,813
1,140
520
102
418
15,2 93
1,793
13,501
8,544
4,718
237

41.3
33.9
30.7
24.5
34.9
42.2
39.8
42.6
43.2
42.7
30.9

43.9
41.7
41.2
39.8
41.6
44.0
42.5
44.2
44.3
44.1
43. 1

26,600
3,392
1,616
343
1,272
24,983
4,661
20,320
12,726
7,223
373

71,902
2,902
1,368
294
1,073
20,534
3,934
16,597
10,363
5,9*5
291

4,698
490
248
49
199
4,449
727
3,723
2,363
1,278
82

34.7
30.6
27.7
21.9
31.5
35.4
35.8
35.4
35.8
35.5
26.3

40.2
39.5
39.1
38.3
39.3
40.3
39.8
40.4
40.3
40.3
4U7

9,875
2,860
7,015

63,463
40,551
22,912

44,312
25,675
18,637

19,151
14,876
4,275

38.7
41.5
34.5

42.7
44. 1
40.3

711
315
396

1,002
393
609

8,169
4,482
3,687

6,809
3,545
3,264

1,360
9 37
423

37.3
38.9
35.4

40.8
41.9
39.5

4,0 64
12,461

994
214
1,207

1 ,140
208
1 ,905

32,024
3,642
9,369

20,033
2,407
6,782

11,991
1,235
2,587

42. 9
41. 5
36. 8

44.3
43.9
42.3

19,6 49
7,0 79
9,938

1,028
399
1,017

4,56 0
983
2,080

14,061
5,697
6,841

11,679
4,504
5,721

2,382
1,193
1,120

34. 4
36. 9
33. 6

40.1
40.8
39.9

2,520

RACE
White
Males
Females
Mack and other
Males
Females
MARITAL STATUS
Males, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
Females, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)




59

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A 30 Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by full- or part-time status and sex
[Number! in thousands]

June 1980
Onfutt-t
Average hours,

OnpMttinw
Total at work

part time
Total

40 hours

41 to 48

49 hours
or more

hours, total
at work

workers on fuH-

86,039

4,925

10,992

72,122

51,369

8,495

12,258

30,5

42.5

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

46,(150
13,285
10,298
5,684
17,183

1,508
287
158
345
718

5,839
1,365
443
1,285
2,746

39, 103
11,633
9,697
4,054
13,719

27,315
8,260
4,912
2,536
11,606

4,294
1,257
1,301
465
1,271

7,494
2,116
3,4 84
1,053
842

39.1
39.6
45.1
36.6
36.1

42.7
42.4
46.6
43.6
40.0

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives .
Nonfarm laborers

29,«07
11,823
9,671
3,193
U,720

2,135
641
711
201
584

1,778
40B
494
179
696

25,494
10,774
8,466
2,813
3,440

18,373
7,500
6,559
1,674
2,640

3,398
1,542
1,061
393
402

3,723
1,732
846
746
398

39.6
40.9
39.3
42.3
35.4

42.4
42.7
41.4
45.2
41.5

Service workers
Private household
Other service workers .

12,182
1,018
11,164

1,282
159
1,122

3,375
450
2,925

7,525
409
7,117

5,681
275
5,407

803
49
754

1,041
85
956

33.4
26.0
34.1

42.0
42.7
42.0

Total, 16 years and over.

51,201

2,462

3,319

45,420

29,398

5,943

10,079

41.2

43.9

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

22,324
7,956
7,725
3, 149
3,494

453
133
105
91
124

1,212
431
190
294
297

20,659
7,392
7,430
2,764
3,073

12,130
4,857
3,426
1,516
2,330

2,556
841
965
34 8
403

5,973
1,694
3,039
900
340

43,1
42.1
46.5
42.1
39.0

45.0
43.7
47.6
45.3
41.6

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives .
Nonfarm laborers

24,179
11,111
5,807
3,028
4,233

1 ,616
597
296
182
542

1,280
337
219
136
588

21,283
10,177
5,292
2,710
3,103

14,839
7,025
1,857
1,611
2,345

2,946
1,472
717
373
379

3,498
1,680
718
721
379

40.3
4 1.1
40.9
42.7
15.7

42.9
42.8
42.5
45.2
41.7

4,696
22
4,676

393
2
390

827
4
823

?,478
16
3,463

2,429
11
2,419

441
3
438

609
2
606

37.3
32.1
37.4

43.5
40.7
43.5

36,836

2,462

7,672

26,702

21,973

2,5.50

2,179

34.6

40.2

24,126
5,329
2,572
2,536
13,689

1,055
154
S3
254
594

4,627
934
253
991
2,449

18,444
4,241
2,266
1,291
10,646

15,185
3,404
1,404
1,021
9,277

1,737
416
336
117
868

1,522
421
446
153
501

35.4
35.8
4 0.8
29-7
35.3

40.1
40.0
43.3
40.0
39.5

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives .
Nonfarm laborers

5,227
7 12
3,864
165
4 87

518
44
414
18
42

497
71
275
43
108

4,212
597
3,175
104
337

3,537
475
2,704
64
296

451
70
344
15
22

224
52
127
25
19

36.5
37.4
36. S
34.9
32.8

40.0
40.6
39.7
44.8
39.9

Service workers
Private household
Other service workers .

7,483
996
6,488

889
156
732

2,548
446
2,102

4,046
394
3,654

3,251
264
2,988

36 2
46
316

433
84
350

30.9
25.9
31.7

40.8
42.8
40.5

Males, 16 years and over.

Service workers
Private household
Other service workers .
Females, 16 years and over.
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm .
Sales workers
:.
Clerical workers

60




HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-31. Employment status of 14-15 year-olds by sex and race
[Numbers in thousands]

June 19P0
Employment status

Both saxes

7,5R9

3,R59

3,730

6,302

3,213

3,089

1,287

646

641

Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1,999
1,517
247
1,270
4R224. 1

1,137
906
21 1
695
28 1
23.7

812
611

1,774
1,415
23°,
1,177

718
570

225
102
9

131
61

94
41

Not in labor force
Keeping house
Going to school
Unable to work
All other reasons

5,590
270

2,67?
31
1,33a
5
1,302

Civilian noninstitutional population

201
24.B

359
20.2

1,056
84 5
202
64 3
211
20.0

?,91R

4,528
226
2,045
7
2,250

2,157
30
1,04?
4
1,079

36
575

239
1,300
3
1/376

70-6

54,7

9
52
70
53.4

2,371
196
1,002
3
1,171

1,062
44

515
1

36
534

94
123

148

41
53

56.4

589

292

547
43
298

428

223

205

Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-32. Employed 14-15 year-olds by sex. class of worker, and occupation

June 1980
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

CLASS OF WORKER

1,517

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers
Private household workers
Government workers
Other wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Agriculture
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

906

611

100.0

1,270
1,165
440

Total

695
617
153

575
54 3
288
18
243
21
5

78. 1
71.6
27.0
3.9

63
661

46
419

84
21
247
247
37
74

16
211
211
34
62

1,517

906

10
6
207
71

181
8
4
150
19

393
32
45
5

361
29
35
4

63

40.6
5.2

100.0

69.2
61.5
15.2

4.6

41.7
6.3
1.6
21.0

13

1.3
15.2
15.2
2.3
4.5

611

100.0

100.0

113

19.4
.7
.4
13.6
4.7

20. 0
.9
.4

25.9

39.8
3.2

36
36
3

21.0
3.4
6.2

100.0
91.6
87.3
45.9
2.9
38.7
3.3
1.0
5.7
5.7
.5
2.1

OCCUPATION
Total
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . . . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfdrm Idborofs • • • • • • * • • •

312

293

Service workers
Private household workers
Other service workers

637
305
332

205
22
183

Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers
Farm laborers and supervisors

193
7
186

159
5
155




•••••

57
51
33
34
10
1
19

16.5
2.1

100.0
18.5
.3
.3
9.3
8.4

20.6

3.9
.4
32.3

5.4
.5
1.6
.2
3.1

432
283
148

42.0
20. 1
21.9

22.6
2.4
20.2

70.8
46.4
24.3

34
3
31

12.7
.5
12.3

17.5
.6
17.1

5.1

2.1
3.0
•3

5.6
.5

61

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]

1979

1980

Employment status

July

Auq.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

Ray

June

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population !
Armed Forces *
Civilian noninstitutional population ' . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population .
Employed
Percent of total population...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

163,685 163,89 1
2,C82
2,090
161,393 161,604 161,801
102,476 103,093 103,128
63.5
63.8
63. .7
96,652 97, 184 97,004
59.4
59.1
59.2
3,267
3,243
3,3V5
93,409 93,917 93,68 9
5,8?4
5,909
6,12 4
5.7
5.7
5.9
58.917 58,511 56,673
163, 469
2,076

164,106 164,468 164,662 164,898 165,101 165,298 165,506
2,092
2,093
2,089
2,081
2,092
2,086
2,090
162,013 162,375 162,589 162,809 163,020 163,211 16 3,416
103,494 103,595 103,652 103,999 104,229 104, 260 104,094
63.9
63,8
63.9
63.9
63.9
63.8
63.7
97,504
97,474 97,608 97,912 97,804 97,953 97,656
59.4
59.3
59.3
59.4
59.3
59.2
59.0
3,3 64
3,294
3,326
3,385
3,359
3,270
3,358
94,140 94,180 94,223 94,553 94,5 34 94,626 94,298
6,307
5,990
6,121
6,044
6, 087
6,438
6.0
5.8
5.9
5.8
5.9
*6.2
6.2
56,519 58,780 58,937 58,810 58,791 58,951 59,322

165,693 165,886 166,105
2,C92
2,088
2,092
163,601 163,799 164,013
104,419 105,142 104,542
63.8
64.2
63.7
97,154 96,988 96,537
56.6
58.5
58.1
3,242
3,379
3,191
93,912 93,6C9 93,346
7,265
8,154
9,006
7.0
7.8
7.7
59,182 58,657 59,471

Males, 20 yean and over
Total noninstitutional population !
Civilian noninstitutional population ' . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population .
Employed
Percent of total population...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

69,889
68,227
54,370
79.7
52,201
74.7
2, 305

49,896
2, 169
4.0
13,857

69,995
68,319
54,579
79.9
52,325

70,099
68,417

74.8
2,327

74.6

49,998
2,254
4. 1
13,740

49,936
2,2P6
4.2

70,205
68,522
54,735
79.9
5 2,4 53
74.7
2,377
50,076
2,282
4.2

13,820

13,787

13,937

77,177

77,245
77,124

77#429
77,308

5 4,59 7
7 9 . P.
52,311
2,175

70,380
68,697
54,760
79.7
52,443
74.5
2,371
50,072
2,317
4.2

70,487
68,804
54,709
79.5
52,374
74.3
2,438
49,936
2,335
4.3

70,594
68, 940
54,781
79.5
52,478
74.3
2,427
50#051
2,303
4.2

14,095

14,159

77,547
77,4 26
39,445
50.9
37,248

77,666
77,542
39,659

70,6 95
69,047
54,855
79.4
52,279
73.9
2,387
49,89?
2,577
4.7
14,197

70,792
69,140
55,038

79.6
52,531
74.2
2,435

50,096
2,507
4.6
14,102

70,896 70,988
6 9,238 69,329
54,996 55,114
79-4
79.5
52,300 51,868
73.8
73.1
2,394
2,320
49,906 49,548
2,696
3,246
4.9
14,242

71,083

69,428
55,467
79.9
51,796
72.9
2,384
49,4 12
3,671
6.6
13,961

71,190
69,532
55,220
79.4
51,510
72-4
2,270

49,240
3,710
6.7
14,312

Females, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population *
Civilian noninstitutional population ! . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population.
Employed
Percent of total population...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

76,896 77,014
76,784 76,897
38,653 39,033
50.3
50.8
36,457 36,873
47.4
4 7.9
583
585
3 5,8 74 36,288
2,196
2,160
5.7
5.5
3 8 , 131
37,864

77,006
39,304

39,239 39,362
51. 0
50.9
50.9
37,000
37,075 37,112
47.9
48.0
48.0
60 0
6 28
572
36,400 36,447 36,540
2,30 4
2,164
2,250
5. 9
5.5
5.7
37,702 37,8S5 37,946

48.0
612

36,6 36
2, 197
5.6
37,981

51.1
37,402
48.2
582
36,820
2,257
5.7
37,883

77,779

77,656
39,87R
51.4
37,574
48.3
540
37,034
2,30*

5.8
37,77P

77,890
77,766
39,857
51.3

37,604
48.3

78,005
77,876
39,751
51.0
37,496
.

48.1

567
582
37,0 37 36,914
2,254
2,255
5.7
5.7
37,909 38,125

78,110

77,981
40,137
51.5
37,602
48.1
552
37,051
2,534

6.3
37,e44

78,219
78,090
40,2*16
51.5
37,576
48.0
616
36,960
2,670
6.6
37,844

78,340
78,211
40,125

16,584
16,281
9,429
57.9
7,616
45.9
379
7,237

16,575

51.3
37,530
47.9
541

36,989
2,596
6.5
38,086

Both sexes, 16-19 years
Total noninstitutional population '
Gvilian noninstitutional population ' . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population.
Employed
Percent of total population...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

1
The population and Armed
variations.

62




16,684
16,381
9,453
57.7
7,994
47.9
355

7,639
1,459
15.4

6,928

16,677
16,387
9,481
57.9

7,986
47.9
355
7,63 1
1,495
15. 8

6,906

16,665 16,655
16,377 16,367
9,227
9,520
56.3
58.2
7,69 3
7,976
46.2
47.9
34 0
359
7,35 3
7,617

16,659
16,370
9,473
57.9
7,919
47.5

1,544
16.2

1,554
16.4

1,534

16.6
7,150

6,847

Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal

351

7,568
6,897

7,986
48.0
335
7,651

16,638
16,326
9,559
58.6
8,032
48.3
350
7,682

16,627
16,317
9,4 97
58.7
7,952
47.8
344
7,608

16,616
16,305
9,365
57.4

1,512

1,527

1,547

15.9
6,862

16.0
6,767

1,545
16. .1

381
7,478
1,487

16.5
6,940

15.9
6,956

16,648
16,360
9,498
58.1

6,820

7,818
47.1
325

7,493

16,606
16,302
9,346
57.3
7,859
47.3

16,595
16,291
9,168
56.3

7,683
46.3
37C
7,313
1 ,485
16.2
7,123

1,813
19.2

6,852

NOTE: Detail for the household data shown in tables A-33 through A-42 will not necessarily
add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

16,271
9,197
56.5
7,497
45.2
380
7,117
1,700
18.5
7,074

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
illy adjusted

A-34. Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force,
[Numbers in thousands]

1980

1979
Full- and part-time employment

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Jan.

NOT.

Feb.

Apr.

Mar,

Flay

June

FULL TIME
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

8 7,50 1 e7,7U9 87,685 88,134 8 8,394 88,469 88,576 «fl,627 88,747 80,604 89,121 89,852 89,152
8 2 , 9 8 6 83,132 82,958 8 3 , 4 1 9 83,598 83,6 99 83,785 R3,581 83,805 83,436 83,246 83,112 82,532
4,515 4,617 4,727 4,715 4,796 4,770 4,791 5,046 4,942 5, 16 8 5, 875 6,740 6,621
5.4
5.4
5.?
5.3
5.4
5.3
5.4
5.6
5.8
fc.6
7.4
5.7
7.5

PART TIME
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

15,064 15,448 15,535 15,275 15,165 15,158 15,411 15,666 15,551 15,398 15,290 15,266 15,511
13,76 2 14,161 14,163 13,987 13,822 13,906 14#102 1 4 , 3 C 2 14,168 14,123 13,927 13,849 14,144
1,302 1,287 1 ,3-^2 1,2fi8 1,343 1,252 1,309
1,364 1,383 1,275 1,363 1,417 1,367
8.9
8.6
8.8
8.4
P.7
8.9
8.3
8.3
8.5
8.9
8.8
8.3
9.3

NOTE: Persons on part-time schedules for economic reasons are included in the full-time
employed category; unemployed persons arc allocated by whether seek ing full- or part-time work.

A-35. Employment status by race, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands)

1979

1980

Characteristics

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Apr.

Feb.

Dec.

Way

June

WHITE
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

90,215 90,659 90,759 91,082 91,147 91,242 9 1,579 91,852 91,977 9 1,821 92,083 92,535 92,096
85,775 86,120 85,976 86,425 8 6 , 4 5 4 86,571 86,894 R6,895 87,081 86,822 86,385 86,148 85,792
4,44C 4,539 4,783 4,6S7 4,6 93 4,671 4,635 4,957 4,896 4,99 9 5,698 6,386 6,303
4.9
5.1
5.1
5.0
5.1
5.3
5.1
5.4
6.2
5.4
5.3
6.9
6.8
48,525 48,634 48,646 48,727 4 8 , 7 5 2 48,754 1*8,811 4 8 , 9 6 4 49,170 49,093 19,201 49,525 49,323
46,831 46,873 46,833 46,920 46,948 46,939 47,025 4 6 , 9 5 0 47, 205 46,922 46,610 46,597 4 6,366
1,694 1,761 1,813 1,807
1,804 1,815 1,786 2,014 1,964
2,171 2,591 2,928 2,957
3.7
3.5
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.6
4. 1
3.7
4.4
4.0
5.3
5.9
6.0

33,288 33,604 33,879 33,358 3 3 , 9 4 6 33,979 34,205 34,4 11 3 4 , 4 4 4 34,381 34,668 34,650 34,589
31,649 31,986 32,126 32,223 32,249 32,310 32,492 12,654 3 2 , 6 6 8 3 2,704 32,757 3 2 , 6 4 9 32,5e9
1,639 1,618 1,753 1,635 1,697 1,669 1,713 1,757 1,776 1 ,677 1,911 2,001 2,000
4.9
5.0
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.9
5.1
5.2
5. C
5.5
4.9
5.8
5.8
8,402

7,295
1,107
13.2

8,421
7,261
1,160
13.8

8,23 4
7,017
1,217
14.8

8,497
7,282
1,215
14.3

8,449
7,257
1,192
14.1

8,509
7,322

8,563
7,377

1,187
13.9

1,186
13.9

8,477
7,291
1,186
14.0

8,363
7,207
1,156
13.8

8,347
7,196
1,151
13.8

8,214
7,018
1,196
14.6

8,359
6,902
1,457
17.4

8,183

6,837
1,346
16.4

BLACK AND OTHER
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Males. 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed . .
Unemployment rate
Both sexes. 16 t o 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate




12,260 12,386 12,343 12,404 12,512 12,391 12,432 12,453 12,362 12,2 66 12,319 12,559
12,446
10,887 11,023 10,982 11,063 11,076 11,044 11,024 10,979 10,937 10,823 10,771
1C,813 10,751
1,373 1,363
1,361 1,341 1,436
1,347 1,403 1,474 1,424 1,443
1,549
1,746
1,695
11.2
11.0
11.5
10.8
10.9
11.0
11.3
11.8
11.5
11.8
12.6
13.9
13.6

5,889

5,961

5,414 5,463
475
498
8. 1
8.4
5,351
4,799
558
10.4

5,398
4,857

1,014

674
340
33,5

5,956
5,471

5,989

5,510
479
485
8.0
8. 1

541
10.0

5,395
4,842
553
10.3

5,3 88
4,858
530

1,027
703
324
31.5

669
323
32.6

992

1,027

9.8

695
332
32.3

6,003
5,486

5,927

5,954
5,439
515

8.6

5^429
498
8.4

5,476
4,920
556

5,455
4,937
518

5,467

10.2

9.5

10.0

1,033
670
363
35.1

1,009
678
331
32.8

1,011

517

8.6

4,921

546

664
347
34.3

5,925
5,358
567
9.6

5,914

5,493
4,944
549

5,4 14
4,928

5,368
546
9.2

10.0

486
9.0

1,035
677

1,034

358
34.6

642
392
37.9

5,883
5,334
548
9.3

5,897
5,254
643

5,394
4,826
563
10.5

5,477
4,852
624

990
66 3
327
33.0

10.9

11.4

946
664
282
29.8

5,922
5,211
711
12.0

5,945
5,195
750
12.6

5,577
4,915
661
11.9

5,508

1,060

993
651
342
34.4

687
373
35.2

4,905
603
10.9

63

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
[Unemployment rates]

1979

Selected categori

1980

July

Aug.

Sep.

Oct.

Nov.

Pec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

5.7
4.0
5.7
15.4

5.7
4.1
5.5
15.8

5.9
4.2
5.9
16.6

5.8
4.2
5.5
16.2

5.9
4.2
5.7
16.4

5.8
4.3

6.2
4.7
5.8
16.3

6.0
4.6
5.7

6.2
4.9
5.7

7.7
6.7
6.5

16.5

15.9

7.0
5.9
6.3
16.2

7.8
6.6
6.6

15.9

5.9
4.2
5.7
16.0

19.2

18.5

4.9
11.2

5.0
11.0

5.3
11,0

5.1
10.8

5.1
11.5

5.1
10.9

5.1
11.3

5.4
11.8

5.3
11.5

5.4
11.8

6.2
12.6

6.9
13.9

6.8
13.6

Married men, spouse present . .
Married women, spouse present
Women who head families

2.7
5.1
9.0

2.8
4.9
8.1

2.9
5.3
7.9

2.9
4.8
7.7

2.9
5.2
8.4

2.9
4.8
8.4

2.8
5.0
8.4

3.4
5.2
9.2

3.1
5.4
8.5

3.4
5.3
8.7

4.1
5.7
9.3

4.7
6.3

4.9
6.1
8.4

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over 1
Labor force time lost 2

5.2
8.6
1.1
6.3

5.3
8.3
1.0
6.4

5.4

5.4
8.9
1.2
6.4

5.4
8.3
1. 1
6.4

5.4
t-5
1.2
6.4

5.7
8.7
1.3
6.7

5.6
8.9
1.2
6.6

5.8
8.3
1.3
6.6

6.6
B.9
1.6
7.5

7.5
9.3
1.6

6.4

5.3
8.4
1.1
6.2

3.4
2.5
2.1
4.4
4.6
6.6
4.3
7.7
5.7
10.6
7.2
3.2

3.3
2.5
2.0
3.5
4.5
6.8
4.4
8.3
5. 1
11.0
7.1
4.2

3.5
2.5
2.3
4.0
4.9
7.3
4.7
8.9
6.2
11.3
7.1
3.9

3.3
2.4
2.2
3.8
4.5
7.1
4.3
9.0
6. 1
11.0
6.7
4. 1

3.4
2.7
2.2
3.8
4.7
7.2
4.6
9.1
5.6
10.7
6.8
4.3

3.2
2.4
1.9
3.7
4.4
7.5
4.9
9.0
5.2
12.2
6.6
4.5

3.3
2.3
2.0
3.8
4.6
7.2
4.4
9.0
5.0
12.2
6.6
4.3

3.4
2.2
1.9
4.4
4.8
8.0
4.9
9.9
6.9
12.3
6.9
4.4

3.4
2.3
2.2
4.5
4.7
7.7
4.3
9.2
6.7
12.0
6.9
3.9

3.3
2.3
2.4
4.0
4.5
8.0
5.4
9.3
6.6
13.0
7.1
4.0

3.7
2.4
2.6
4.7
5.1
9.7
6.7
11.6
8.9
14.1
8.0
5.0

3.9
2.7
2.7
4.5
5.4
11.3
8.1

5.6
10.0
5.4
4.9
6.3
3.1
6.7
4.7
3.6
7.8

5.7
10.0
5.7
5.4
6.2
3.8
6.3
4,9
3.6
9.7

6.0
10.1
5.9
5.4
6.8
3.7
6.5
5.2
3.7
9.9

5.8
9.6
6.0
5.3
7.1
4.0
6.4
4.7
3.3
10.0

5.9
9.9
6.0
5.5
6.8
3.8
6.4
4.9
4.0
9.9

5.8
10.2
5.9
5.6
6.3
4.2
6.5
4.6
316
10. 1

5.8
10.3
5.9
5.5
6.4
4.1
6.4
4.7
3.6
9.4

6.2
10.8
6.7
6.7
6.8
4.4
6.6
4.6
3.8
10.3

6.0
10.5
6.4
6.3
6.7
4.4
6.4
4.6
4.0
9.2

6.2
13.0
6.5
6.4
6.7
3.8
6.3
4.9
4.2
10.2

7.1
15.1
7.9
8.3
7.4
4.6
7.0
5. 1
4.4
11.9

nay

June

CHARACTERISTICS
Total (all civilian workers)
Males, 20 years and over . . .
Females, 20 years and over .
Both sexes, 16-19 years . . .
White
Black and other.

e. e

1.1

5.6

8.3

8.8

7.4
8.8
1.7
8.3

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm .
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

14.0
9.0
15.4
8.5
4.8

3.7
2.6
2.4
4.4
5.3
11.5
8.0
13.8
10.5
16.2
8.1
4.2

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers 3 .
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

1

Unemployment as a percent of civilian labor force.

2

Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part-time for economic reasons

A-37.

8.2
17.5

9.9
10.5
8.8
5.1
7.6
5.7
4.2
11.7

6.3
16.5
9.9
11.2
8.0
5.2
8.0
5.7
3.5
9.7

as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
3

Includes mining, not shown separately.

Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers In thousands]

1979

1980

Weeks of unemployment

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

3,168

2,778
2,035
1,152

2,955
1,963

2,919
1,869

2,9 16

1,191

658
527

644

678

660

508

517

531

1,230
711
519

3,184
1,907
1,334

2,995
2,081

1,195

656
496

2,820
1,934
1,067
615
452

10.5
5.6

1C. 1
6.0

10.7
4.9

10.7
5.8

10.5
5.5

10.6
5.3

100.0
4S.3
31.0
19.7
11.2
8.5

100.0
48.4
33.2
18.3
1C.6
7.8

100.0
52.0
28.5
19.5
10.8
8.7

100.0
46.6
34.1
19.3
10.8
8.5

100.0
48.3
32.1
19.5
11.1
8.5

100.0
43.8
31.3
19.9
11.0
8.9

ttay

Har.

June

DURATION
Both sexes, 16 years and over:
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
1 5 t o 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Aveiage (mean) duration, in weeks ,
Median duration, in weeks

2,880
1,808
1,152

1,73 8
1,185

2,995

3,309
2,391

3,333
2,922
1,766
1,027
739

795
539

790

776

496

587

953
676

3,872
2,697
1,722
1,014
709

10.5
5.5

10.5
5.2

10.7
5.8

11.0
5.9

11.3
5.7

10.5
5.7

11.7
6.4

100.0
47.7
32.2
20.1
11.6
8.5

100.0
49.6
29.7
20.8
12.4
8.4

100.0
47.1
32.7
20.2
12.4
7.8

100.0
45.9
33.2
20.9
11.9
9.0

100.0
45.1
32.6
22.2
13.0

100.0
46.7
32.5
20.8
12.2
8.5

100.0
41.6
36.4
22.0
12.8
9.2

1,966

1,286

2,169
1,363

1,629

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 week!
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 w e e k t . . . .
27 weeks and over..

64




HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Rates of unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

1970

1980

Sexandaoe

June

July Aug

5.7

16 to 19 v*art
1 6 1 * 1 7 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
26 years and over
25 to 64 years
55 years and over

5.7

5.9

15.4
17.5
14.4

Total, 16 yean and o v t r . . .

15.8
17.3
14.5
9.1

Sept. Oct.

8.9
3.9

3.9
4.0
3.2

4.1

2.9

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr,

May

June

5.8

r.9

5.8

5.9

6.2

6.0

6.2

7.0

7,8

7.7

16.6

16.2

18,5

16.9
15.6

16.4
18.4
15.0

15.9
17.3
14.7
8.8
4.0
4.3
2.7

16.0
18.0
14.5
9.8
3.8
4.1
2.7

16.3
19.0
14.0
10.1
4.2
4.4
3.5

16.5
18.7
15.1

15.9
17.4
14.7
9-7
4.4
4.7
2.8

16.2
18.7
14.4
11.4
5.0
5.4
3.4

19.2
21.7
17.7
12.7
5.5

18.5
19.8
18.0
12.4
5.5

5.9
3.6

6.0
3.4

15.4
9.3
4.0
4.2

9.2
3.9
4. 1
2.9

3.1

9.6
4.0
4.2
3.0

9.5

4.1
4.5

2.8

4.9

5.1

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.7

5.5

5.7

6.7

7.7

7.8

14.5
14.0
8.3
3.2
3.2
3.1

15.4
16.1
14.8
8.8
3.3
3.4
3.3

16.3
18.0
15.1
8.8
3.4
3.5
3. 1

16.1
16.7
15.3

15.7
17.1
14.4

15.8
17.8
14.0
8.4
3.5
3.8

15.6
17,5
13.6

15.6
18.0
14.1

2.8

2.6

3.8
3.5

9.9
3.6
3.8
2.6

14.8
15.9
14.0
10.4
3.9
4.2
2.7

16.1
18.3
14.2
12.3
4.7
5.0
3.4

19.7
22.0
17.9
13.7
5.3
5.7
3.5

19.5
21.8
19.3
13.8
5.5

2.8

9.4
3.2
3.4
2.6

16.2
19.0
13.9
10.4
3.7

6.8

6.6

7.0

6.6

6.9

6.6

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.8

7.3

7.8

7.5

16.5
18.3
14.9

Male*. 16 years and over...
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

16.2
18.6
14.2
9.4
4.7
5.0
3.1

17.0
19.0
15.7

16.4
17.2
15.9

9.6
4.9
5.3
3.2

9.6
4.6
5.0
2.9

17.2
19.8
15.6
9.7

16.1
16.7
15.5

16.4
18.0
15.5
10.2
4.7
5.1
2.9

16.3
19.1
14.2
9.8

17.6
19.5
16.2
9.1
4.9
5.4
3.0

17.3
19.2
15.6

16.3
19.1
14.6
10.2
5.5

18.7
21.4
17.5
11.6
5.7
6. 1

16.6

3.6

2.8

16.8

Females, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

9.7
4.8
5.2
2.8

8.8
3.3*
3.6

9.5
3.4
3.5

4.9
5.2
3.4

9.3
4.7
5.0
2.9

4.9
5.2
3.4

9.0
5.C
5.5
2.9

6.0
3.4

5.8
3.8

17.3
17.6
10.8

5.6
6. 1

A-39. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands]

1979

1980

Reason for unemployment

June

July

Auy.

Sept.

Oct.

2,632
855
1,777
825
1,760
801

2,731
929
1,802
835
1,762
804

Jan.

Feb.

Nar.

1,742
845
1,698
736

2,728
944
1,784
800
1,771
858

2,988
1,019
1,969
779
1,797
811

2,907
1,031
1,876
813
1,784
827

3,047
1, 129
1,918
788
1,80 3
805

Bay

June

3,611
1,424
2,188
926
1,967
743

4,301
1,944
2,357
992
2,015
88 4

4,625
2,117
2,508
898
1,822

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Both sexes, 16 years and over:
Job losers
On layoff
Other Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

2,449 2 ,526
797
£16

2,729
987

1,633
857
1,753
781

1,729
R46

1,762
726

2,680
915
1,765
875
1,788
745

100.0
41.9
14.C
28.0
14.7
30.0
13.4

100.0
43.1
13.6
29.5
14.4
30.1
12.4

100.0
44.0
15.0
29.0
14.4
29.4
12.2

100.0
43.7
14.2
29.5
13.7
29.2
13.3

100.0
44.5
15.2
29.4
13.6
28.7
13.1

100.0
45.4
16.4
29.0
14.1
28.3
12.3

100.0
44.3
15.3
29.0
13.0
28.8
13*9

100.0
46.9
16.0
30.9
12.2
28.2
12.7

100,0
45.9
16.3
29.6
12.8
28.2
13.1

100.0
47.3
17.5
29.8
12.2
28.0
12.5

100.0
49.8
19.6
30.2
12.P
27.1
10.3

100.0
52.5
23.7
28.8
12. 1
24.6
10.8

100.0
56.3
25.8
30.6
10.9
22.2
10.5

2.5
.8
1.7
•7

2.6

2.5
.8

2.6
.8
1.7
.8

2.6
.8

2.6
.8
1.7
.8

2.9
.7
1.7
.8

2.8
.8
1.7
.8

2.9
.8
1.7

3.5
.9
1.9
.7

4.1
.9
1.9
.8

4.4
.9

663

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED A t A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants




2.4
1.7

1.7
.7

1.7
.fl

1.6
.7

1.7
.8

66

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]

1979

1980

Sex and age

June
Total, 16 years and
over
16to19years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
2Q to 24 years
25 years and over
26 to 54 years
55 years and over
Mates. 16 years and
over
16 to 19 years
16to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Females, 16 years and
over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
56 years and over

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

NOV.

Dec,

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

Hay

96,652

97,18 4

97,004

97,5 04

97,474

97,608

97,912

97,304

97,953

97,656

97,154

96,988

96,537

7,994
3,252
4,704

7,936
3,242
4,725
13,910
75,290

7,69 3

7,976
3,335
4,665

7,919
3,251

7,986
4,694

7 , 952
3, 247
<*, 7 2 f
1 3 , 819
7 6 , 080
6 1 , 799
1 4 , 29?

7,818
3,120
4,722
13,84 6
76,295
61,815
14,464

7,683
3.,039
4,640

7,616
3,0 33

4,660
13,749
76,012
61,719
14,326

13,624
75,807
61,564
14,298

13,575
75,810
61,416
14,325

7,497
3,03fl
4,440
13,376
75,733
61,443

14,368

8,032
3,320
4,717
13,837
76,030
61,686
14,350

7,859

3,315

4,674

?,04 8

4,623
13,349

13,949

13,920

3,185

4,566

75,436

75,616

14,304

61,08 2
14,39 9

61,208
14,381

13,875
75,728
61,302
14,417

56,477

56,570

56,408

5 6 , 7 14

56,629

56,580

56,734

56,486

56,732

56,601

55,998

55,823

55,457

4,276

4,245
1,743
2,435
7,510

4 , 261
1 , 839
2. 4 5 2
7 , 590
4 4 , 9 12
3 6 , 052
e. 844

4,186
1,758
2,4 30
7,531

4,?06

4,256
1,783
2,477
7,498
44,966

4,201
1,719

2,494
7,477
45,070

4,301
1,804
2,498
7,453
44,833

36,136
8,904

36,036

4,13C
1,661
2,471
7,294
44,557
35,818

4,027
1,634
2,395

36,206
8,759

4,207
1,745
2,47R
7,441
44,383
36,161
8,723

3,947

1,755

7,309
44,535
35,747

8,8 42

8,764

8,784

1,608
2,315
7,106
44,422
35,707
8,728

13,859

74, 664
60,552

60,986

14,305

44,681
35,921
8,767

44,806
36,020
8,789

4,C97
1,632
2,445
7,49 6
44,818
35,962
6,83 1

40,175

40,6 14

40,59 6

3,718
1,498

3,741
1,499
2,240

3,59 6
1,416
2,178
6,351
3C,618
25,120

1,754

2,489
7,530

2,215
6,329
30, 183
24,631
5,538

6,400
30,484
24,966
5,515

5,56 8

75,650
61,281

14,277

36,100
8,793

2,462
7,533
44,796
36,020
8,782

4C.790

40,845

41,028

41,178

41,318

41,221

41,054

41,156

41,165

41,079

3,715

3,733
1,493
2,244

3,780
1,560
2,232

6,387
30,854

3, 744
1 , 502
2 , 248
6 , 3 77
3 1 , 197
25, 638
5, 569

3 ,617
1, 4 0 1
2 ,228
6 ,369
31 ,225
25 ,679
5 ,560

3,558
1,381
2, 172

6,344
3 0,7C4 30,804
25,156
25,202
5,5 37
5,624

3, 776
1,53 7
2,24C
6,339
31,064
25,480
5, 591

3,554
1,378
2 , 169
6,331

31,250
25,746
5 ,533

3,589
1,399
2,171
6,266
31,275
25,669
5,541

3, 549
1 , 430
2 , 125
6 , 270
3 1 , 311
2 5 , 735
5 , 549

1,496
2,213
6,359

44,924

25,261
5,586

6,296
3 1 , 178

25,683
5,484

A-41. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands]

1979

1980

Sex and age

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Har.

Apr.

May

June

6,121

6,044

6,087

6,425

6,307

6,433

7,265

8,154

8,006

1,554
732
825
1 ,470
3, 140
2,698
449

1,512
692
811
1 ,346
3, 168
2,7 44
4 03

1,5 27
7 28
802
1 , 505
3,040
2,650
400

1,545
764
772
1,554
3^326
2,ei8
512

1,547
716
841
1 458
3*300
2,899
412

1,487
671
806
1 482
3#,463
3,064
410

1,485
698
780
t -jn p

1,813
841
983

1,700
752
9 76

1 OP 0
I , 7O Z

« A QO
1 , O JO

4,029
3,5t8
503

4,374
3,836
529

4,423
3,900
5C8

3,098

3,098

3,124

3,089

3,392

3,283

3,441

4,C4C

4,656

4,669

8 16
370
4 42
734
1,552
1,3 27
254

781
363
410
789
1,565
1,322
254

789
380
402
692
1,642
1,405
237

786
390
391
782
1,505
1,282
231

815
410
399
860
1,719
1,410
314

lift
1 «O

*7|i C

"7<lfl

377
411
817
1,680
1,435
242

342
405
863
1,8 26
1,573
246

373
409
1,028
2,214
1,886
311

985
461
521
1,163
2,500
2,155
322

959
447
553
«,138
2,573
2,217
347

3,04 1

2,892

3,023

2,920

2,998

3,0 34

3,025

2,997

3,225

3,498

3,337

73 7
33 2
405
69 1
1,580
1,398
184

728
310
418
679
1,484
1,320
168

773
369
415
681
1,575
1,376
195

723
312
4 09
654
1,526
1,339
166

741
338
411
723
1,535
1,368
169

730
354
373
6 94
1,607
1,408
198

771
339
430
641
1,621
1,465
170

742
320
401
620
1,637
1,491
165

691
325
371
721
1,815
1,631
192

8 28
380
462
819
1,874
1,682
207

741
305
423
761
1,850
1,684
162

Sept.

June

July

Aug.

Total. 16 years and
over

5,824

5,909

6,124

5,.9 90

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over. . .

1,459
690
791
1, 359
3,005
2,56 2
434

1,495
676
80 3
1 , 386
3,041
2,567
478

1,534
69 0
84 1
1,415
3,155
2,69 7
46 7

1,544
6 80
860
1,413
3,0 36
2,647
422

Mates. 16 years and
over

2,893

3,027

3,083

18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over. . .

724
355
404
632
1,483
1,201
276

773
334
431
723
1,531
1,252
302

79 7
358
43 6
72 4
1,57 5
1,29 9
28 3

Females. 16 years and
over

2,931

?,88 2

16 to 19 years - . .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years . . . . .
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
. 25 to 54 years
55 years and over. . .

735
335
387
677
1,522
1,361
158

722
342
372
663
1,510
1 ,315
176

16 to 19 years . .
16 to 17 years

66




Oct.

1 , /*• O

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-42. Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]

1980

1979

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

ROT.

Dec.

Jan.

Apr.

Feb.

Bay

June

CHARACTERISTICS
Total, 16 yaws and over
Married man. spouse present . .
Married women, spouse present

96,652
39,079
22,664

97,184 97,004 97,504 97,474 97,608 97,912 97,804 97,953
39,176 39,180 39,198 39,124 38,845 38,924 38,749 38,955
22,908 22,8f9 22,937 22,919 22,940 23,027 23,111 23,178

97,656
38,745
23,202

97,154 96,988
38,342 38,147
23,080 23,155

96,537
38,193
23,144

OCCUPATION

49,536 '19,66 3 49,815 4 9,73 8 49,912 49,911 50,313 50,44S 50,302 50,405 50,606 50,861
15,057 15,06 0 15,141 15,05 7 15,131 15,272 15,337 15,444 15,3 97 15,542 15,551 15,712

White-collar workers
rTQTvaelOnBI eYiQ lOCnnlCSI

•• •

Managers and administrators,
except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers . .
Operatives, except transport .
Transport equipment
operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

10,
6,
17,
12,
3,
4,
1?,
2,

10 , 61 2
6,16?
17,704
992 32,051
0 'jq 12,375
804 10,994

10,69 8
o,1'45
17,75 2
31,H4 9
12,761
10,90°

3,6 27
a,664
805 12,766
179 2,678

3,604
4,575

534
103

605

10,659
6,181
17,835
32, 209
12,993
10,964

10,639
6,261
17,7«1
32,205
13,001
10,967

10,617
6,362
17,802
32,110
12,925
10,963

3,617
3,59 3 3 , o 2 8
4,635
4,594
12,359 12,^37 12,899
2,695 2,713
2,722

10,535
6,34 6
17,758
32,302
13,041
1 1,04 2

3,635
4,584
2,970
2,694

10,971
6,165
17,848
31,754
12,728
1C,661

10,755
6,113
18,037
31,670
12,767
10,579

10,745
5,<388
18,129
31,127
12,773
1C,408

10,882
6,022
18,152
30,681
12,523
10,336

10,911
5,981
18,256
30,243
12,301
10,131

3,616
3,571
3,421
3,558 3,483
4,795 4,767 4,463 4,402
4,774
12,979 13,080 12,981 13,034 12,932
2,660 2,764 2,733 2,658 2>745

3,395
4,416
12,930
2,606

10,608
6,452
17,915
31,882
12,814
10,678

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government • • • • • •
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,423
1,539
291

1,419
1,558
291

86,309
15,318
70,991
1,235
69,756

86,454
15,393
71,061
1,219
69,842
6,752
519

6,629
474

1,384
1,614
310

1,399
1,642
325

1,381
1,602
313

1,475
1,622
310

1,451
1,596
310

1,428
1,554
293

1,417
1,648
283

1,449
1,600
300

1,370
1,591
281

1,405
1,662
289

1,365
1,590
269

36,421 86,912 86,982 87,020 87 ,384 87,578 87,419 87,221 86,741 86,631 86,257
15,279 15,407 15,423 15,358 15,397 15,414 15,540 15,622 15,668 15,799 15,891
71,142 71,505 71,559 71,662 71,987 72,163 71,879 71,599 71,072 70,832 70,365

1,211
1,313
1,261
69,931 70,192 70,298
6,689 6,731
6,812
450
449
430

1,211 1,228 1,132 1,178 1,115
70,451 70,759 71,031 70,702 70,484
6,781 6,737 6,752 6,899 6,825
409
417
379
397
376

1,123
69,949
6,813
363

1,206 1,219
69,625 69,147
6,648
6,666
411
445

PERSONS AT WORK 1

Nonagricultural industries
Full-time schedules

Part-time for economic reasons
Usually work full-time

Usually work part-time

87,749 88,769 38,855 88,723 88,638
72,915 73,053 73,159 73,204
3,284 3,274
3,298
3, 167
3,315
1,322
1,401
1,334
1,273
1,354
1,962 1,940
1,897
1r894
1,961

72 ,243

Part time for noneconomic

masons

B8,617
72,997
3,392

B9,180 89,454
73,137 73,223
3,519 3,513
1,491
1,413
1,549
1,979 2,028
1,964

12,222 12,580 12,504 12,397 12,119 12,228 12,524

12,718

88,985 88,585 87,660 B7,680 87,910
73,110 72,749 71,»07 71,224 71,206
3^406 3,418 3,816 4,349 3,999
1,380
1,463
1,709
2,064 1,781
2,026 1,955 2,107 2,285 2,217
12,469

12,418 12,037

12,106 12,706

1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons
as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.




67

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-43. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Notsaasw
ChrUia* labor force
Civilian
noninsti'
tutional
population

Veteran status
and age

Unemployed
Total

Employed

Percent
of
labor
force

Number

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

8,527
563

8,605
347

«,124
529

«,201
336

7,82?
484

7,668
290

296
45

7,122
1,973
3,602
1,547
842

7,267
1,722
3,582
1,963
991

6,88 4
1,882
3,495
1,507
711

7,011
1,624
.3,476
1,911
854

6,659
1,784
3,393
1,482
685

6,552
1,444
3,290
1,818
826

14,542
6,642
4, 171
3,729

15,438
7,071
4,561
3,806

13,843
6,331
3,966
3,546

14,645
*,696
4,353
3,596

13,390
6,080
3,862
3,448

13,743
6,164
4,117
3,462

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

533
46

3,6
R.5

6.5
13,7

225
98
102
25
26

459
18Q
186
93
28

3-3
5.?
2.9
1.7
3.7

6.5
11. 1
5.4
4.9
3.3

453
251
104
98

902
532
236
134

3.3
4.0
2,6
2.8

7*9
5.4
3.7

VETERANS 1
Total, 20 years and over
20 to 24 years

25 to 39 years
30 to 34 years

NONVETERANS 3
Total, 25 to 39 years
25 to 29 yean
30 to 34years
35 to 39 years

1

Vietnam-era veterans are those who served between August 5,1964 and May 7.1975.
Nonveterans are males who have never served in the Armed Forces. Published data are limited
to those 25-39 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnanvera
veteran population.
3

68




6*2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-44. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age. and race, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands)

1977
II

III

1978
IV

II

1979
III

IV

II

1980

III

IV

II

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population'
ArmwJ ForC M 1
.
Civilian noninstitutionat population 1 ...
Civilian labor for«a
Percent of civilian population .
Employ*!
Percent of total population...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural Industrie*
Unemployed

158,223 158,898 159,531
2,130
2,135
2,13 2
156,094 156,764 157,399
97,135 97,638 98,584
62.2
62.3
62. 6
90,188 90,913 92,108
57.0
57.7
57.2
3,318
3,29 1
3, 195
86,869 87,718 88,817
6,948
6,476
6,726
7.2
6.6
6.9

160,126
2,122
15 8,0 04
99,136
62.7
92,954
58.1
3,324
8 9,6 30
6,182
. 6.2

67,321
65,635
52,293
79,7
49,522
73.6
2,338
47,184
2,770
5. 3

67,641
65,949
52,487
79.6
49,878
73.7
2,300
47,578
2,609
5.0

67,951
66,261
52,938
79.9
50,445
74.2
2,326
48,119
2,493
4.7

6 8,238
66,556
53,090
79.8
50,698
74.3
2,341
48,357
2,392
4.5

68,520
66,844
53,374
79.8
51,133
74.6
2,360
48,773
2,241
4.2

68,831
67,134
53,465
79.6
51,282
74.5
2,382
48,901
2,182
4.1

69,184
67,489
53,886
79.8
51,73"
74.8
2,353
49,383
2,149
4.0

69,491
67,827
54,2 85
80.0
52,129
75.0
2,327
49,801
2,156
4.0

69,786
68,123
54,299
79.7
52,136
74.7
2,300
49,836
2,163
4.0

70,100
68,419
54,637
79.9
52,363
74.7
2,360
50,0 03
2,274
4.2

70,487
68,814
54,750
79.6
52,432
74.4
2,412
50,020
2,318
4.2

70,794
69,142
54,963
79.5
52,370
74.0
2,405
49,965
2,593
4.7

71,087
69,430
55,267
79.6
51,725
72.8
2,325
49,400
3,542
6.4

74, 079
73,984
35,581
48.1
33,092
44.7
2,488
7.0

74,429
74,331
35,834
48.2
33,361
44.8
2,473
6.9

74,770
74,671
36,276
48.6
33,841
45.3
2,435
6.7

75,094
74,994
36,687
48.9
34,484
45.9
2,2C4
6.0

75,413
75,310
37,265
49.5
35,002
46.4
2,263
6.1

75,756
75,649
37,657
49.8
35,362
46.7
2,295
6.1

76, 112
76,003
38,041
50,1
35,863
47.1
2,178
5.7

76,455
76,345
38,393
50.3
36,190
47.3
2,203
5.7

76,782
76,670
38,562
50.3
36,361
47.4
2,201
5.7

77,120
77,009
39,192
50.9
36,983

77,547
77,425
39,489
51.0
37,254
48.0
2,235
5.7

77,891
77,766
39,829
51.2
37,558
48.2
2,271
5.7

78,223
78,094
40,169
51.4
37,569
48.0
2,600
6.5

16,823
16,475
9,262
56.2
7,573
45.0
1,689
18.2

16,828
16,484
9,317
56.5
7,674
45.6
1,643
17.6

16,810 16,794
16,468 16,454
9,358
9,37 0
56.9
56.9
7,82 2
7,772
46. 5
46.3
1,54 ft
1,586
16.5
16.9

16,782
16,452
9,534
57.9
8,010
47.7
1,524
16.0

16,768
16,452
9,656
58.7
8,090
48.2
1,565
16.?

16,742
16,429
9,6 12
5 8.5
8,054
48. 1
1,558
16.2

16,717
16,39P
9,637
58.8
8,106
48.5
1,530
15.9

16,692
16,389
9,496
57.9
7,970
47.7
1,526
16.1

16,666
16,377
9,409
57.5
7,885
47.3
1,524
16.2

16,648
16,352
9,510
58.2
7,979
47.9
1 ,531
16.1

16,616
16,3C8
9,403
57.7
7,876
47.4
1,526
16.2

16,585
16,281
9,265
56.9
7,599
45.8
1,666
18.0

160,715 161,355 162,037 162,663 163,260 163,894 164,682 165,302 165,895
2,093
2, 110
; , 120
2,115
2,083
2,079
2,091
2,086
2,091
158,605 159,235 159,922 160,570 161,181 161,806 162,591 163,216 163,804
100, 173 100,777 101,538 102,315 102,357 103,233 103,749 104,194 104,701
63 . 2
63.7
63.3
63.5
63.5
63.8
63.8
63.8
63.9
94,145 94,734 95,653 96,425 96,467 97,231 97,665 97,804 96,893
58.6
58.7
59.0
59.3
59.1
59.3
59.3
59.2
58.4
3,336
3,367
3,296
3,331
3,235
3,315
3,346
3,318
3,271
90,809 91,367 92,323 93,130 93,232 93,915 94,319 94,486 93,622
6,028
5,890
6,043
5,385
5,890
6,008
6,084
6,390
7,808
6.0
6.0
5.8
5.8
5.R
5.8
5.9
6.1
7.5

Malts, 20 years and ovar
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population
Employed
Percent of total population..
Agriculture
.'
Nonagricultural industries

Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Females. 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population
Employed
Percent of total population .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

47.9

2,209
5.6

Both sams, 16-19 years
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population
Employed
Percent of total population .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Total noninstitutional population'
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population.
Percent of total population...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population.
Employad
Percent of total population...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1

139,084 139,620 140,107 140,568 141,028 141,526 142,034 142,521 142,977 143,462 144,102 144,574 145,022
137,333 137,870 138,364 138,8 39 139,323 139,822 140,336 140,857 141,330 141,821 142,468 142,957 143,408
85,924 86,286 87,048 87,360 88,249 88,739 89,424 90,161 90,110 90,833 91,323 91,883 9 2,238
62.6
62.6
63.7
62.9
62.9
63.5
63.3
64.0
63.8
64.0
64.1
64.3
64.3
80,424 81,081 82,093 82,635 83,665 84,111 84,930 85,65* 85,635 86,174 86,640 36,933 86,109
57.8
58.1
56.6
59.4
58.8
59.3
59.8
60.1
60.1
59.9
60.1
59.4
60. 1
5,500
5,205
4,955
4,725
4,584
4,6 28
4,494
4,503
4,476
4,660
4,683
6,129
4,950
6.4
6.0
5.7
5.4
5.2
5.0
5.0
5.1
5.0
5.1
5.2
6.6
5.4

19,139
18,761
11,196
59.7
9,762
51.0
1,434
12.8

19,279
18,694
11,340
60.0
9,800
50.8
1,540
13.6

19,424
19,035
11,555
60. 7
10,030
51. 6
1,52 5
13.2

19,557
19,164
11,773
61.4
10,313
52,7
1,4 60
12.4

The population and Armed Force* figures are not adjusted for seasonal variations.




19,687
19,282
11,909
61.8
10,480
53.2
1,429
12.0

19,8 29
19,413
12,034
62.0
10,611
53.5
1,423
11.8

20,003
19,585
12,131
61.9
10,742
53.7
1,389
11.5

20,142
19,713
12,172
61.7
10,781
53.5
1,391
11.4

20,282
19,851
12,223
61.6
10,823
53.4
1,400
11.5

20,432
19,985
12,378
61.9
11,023
53.9
1,355
10.9

20,581
20,123
12,445
61.8
11,048
53.7
1,397
11.2

20,728
20,259
12,360
61.0
10,913
52.7
1,447
11.7

20,872
20,397
12,441
61.0
10,778
51.6
1,663
13.4

NOTE: Detail for the household data shown in tables A-44 through A-53 will not
necessarily add to totals, because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

69

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-45. Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
[Numbtrs in thousands)

1977

1978

1979

1900

Full- and part-time employment
status, wx, and aga

TTI

IV

II

III

Til

IV

IT

FULLTIME
Total. 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Males. 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed1
Unemployment rate .
Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Both sexes, 1 6 - 1 9 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

82,711 83,249 83,821 84,399 85,250 85 , 978 86,434 87,203 87,U37 87,856 38,480 38,f>59 80,375
77,206 77,8*8 78,704 79,546 80,574 81,263 81,909 82,669 82,875 83,170 *3,6<>4 83,607 82,963
5,505 5,3f 1 5,118 4,853 4,676 4,715 4,525 4,530 4,56 2 4,686 4,786 5,052 6,412
6. 1
6.4
5.2
5.5
5.5
5.2
1.2
5.3
5.U
5.8
6,7
5.2
5.7
49,631 49,789 50,189 50,33? 50,658 50,767 51,183 51,612 51,68? 51,363 51,980 T 2 , O 1 5 52,461
17,083 47,357 47,896 48,155 48,598 48,761 49,212 49,633 49,687 49,769 4 9,8?4 4 9 , 6 1 5 49,122
2,548 2,432 2,293 2,17*
2,06 1 2,006
1,971
1,979
2,091 2,156 2,399 3,340
1,995
5. 1
4.1
4.3
4.6
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.0
3.9
4. 1
4.6
6.4
4.9
28,026 28,343 28,500 29,007 29,351 29,830 ?0,096 30,3 67
30,9 36 3 1 , 291 31,541 31,972
26,016 26,331 26,547 27,205 27,557 27,995 28,410 28,646 28,870 ?.9,191
29,53 8 ?9,76?. 29,867
2,010 2,012 1 , 9 5 3
1,802
1,794
1,834
1,686
1,722
1,745
1 , 7F 3 1 ,773 2,105
7.2
7. 1
6.9
6.1
6.1
5.6
5.7
5.7
6.?
5.6
6.6
5.6
5,054 5,117
*l, 1 07 4,200
947
917
18.7
17.9

5,132
4,261
871
17.0

5,060
4,187
873
17.3

5,240
4,419
821
15.7

5,382
4,506
875
16.3

5,155
4,287
868
16.8

5,229
4, 391
8 38
16.0

5,140
4, 318
82?
16.0

5,060
4,209
850
16.8

5,?0
4,332
P.77
16.8

5,104
4,230
875
17.1

4,942

3,975
967
19.6

PART TIME
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force . . .
Employed1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

14,421 14,414 14,740 14,709 14,918 14,816 15,064 15,097 14,944 15,419 15,24* 15,518 15,356
12,970 13,041 13,377 13,383 13,561 13,490 13,70 8 13,744 13,617 14,104 13,9U3 14,190 13,973
1,451 1,373 1,363
1,357 1,326
1,326
1, 356 1,354
1, 327 1,316
1,301 1,341
1,382
10. 1
9.5
9.1
9.2
9.0
9.0
8.9
9.0
B.5
8.5
A.6
9.0

Males. 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force . . .
Employed1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

2,687
2,455
232
ft.6

2,707
2,511
196
7.2

2,747
2,540
208
7.6

2,734
2,537
197
7.2

2,749
2,563
187
6.8

2,685
2,503
182
6.8

2,698
2,518
180
6.7

2,671
2,502
169
6.3

2,649
2,477
172
6.5

2,763
2,577
187
6.8

2,761
2,59 4
167
6.0

2,923
2,738
185
6.3

2,R50
2,652
198
7.0

Females. 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force . . . .
Employed1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .

7,545
7,064
480
6.4

7,492
7,036
455
6.1

7,754
7 , 28 3
471
6. 1

7,694
7,277
417

7,910
7,440
471
6.0

7,836
7,382
454
5.8

7,922
7,444
478
6.0

8,03B
7,541
497
6.2

7,950
7,495
455
5. 7

8,271
7,»15
456

8, 176
7,705
47?

8,325
7,815
510
6.1

8, 171
7,683
488
6.0

«,190
3,451
739
17.6

4,216
3,49 3
722
17.1

4,239
3,555
684
16. 1

4,280
3,569
712
16.6

4,258
3,558
700
16.4

4,295
3,605
689
16. 1

4,444
3,74 6
698
15.7

4,388
3,701
688
15.7

4, 34 5
3,645
700
16.1

4,385
3,712
673
15.3

»,290
3,644
646
15.1

4,335
3,639
696

Both sexes. 1 6 - 1 9 years:
Civilian labor force
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .

s arc included in the full-time cm1 Persons on part-time schedules for 1
ployed category; unemployed persons arc allocated by whether seeking full- or part-time work.

70




5. P

4,308
15.4

16. 1

NOTE: The January and April 1960 Issues contained erroneous data for the
full-time civilian labor force, males and females 20 years and over and both
sexes, 16-19 years. Corrections have been made in this table.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-46. Employment status by race, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]

1977
II

III

1978
IV

II

1979
III

IV

II

1980
III

IV

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force . . . .
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

85,924 86,286 87,048 87, 360 88,249 88,739 89,424 90,161 90,110 90,833 91,323 91,883 92,238
80,42<l 81,081 82,093 82,635 83,665 84,111 84,930 85,658 85,635 86, 174 ee,64G 86,933 86,109
5,500 5,205 4,955 4,725 4,584 4,628 4,494 4,503 4,476 4,660 4,683 4,950 6,129
6.4
5.7
5.4
6.0
5.2
5.2
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.1
5.4
6.6
5.1

Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force . . .
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

46,815 47,018 47,366 47,420 47,678 47,745 48,047 48,464 48,449 48,669 48,772 49,075 49,350
44,577 44,974 45,420 45,547 45,941 46,036 46,383 46,794 46,783 46,375 46,971 47,026 46,524
2,238 2,044 1,946 1,873
1,737
1,709
1,664
1,794
1,670 1,666
1,802
2,050 2,826
4.8
4.3
4. 1
3.9
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.4
3.5
3.4
5.7
3.7
4.2

Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .

30,782 30,958 31,322 31,603 32,096 32,408 32,818 33,118 33,232 33,780 34,043 34,412 34,636
28,856 29,042 29,478 29,944 30,389 30,674 31,179 31,459 31.582 32,112 32,350 32,675 32,665
1,926 1,916
1,845
1,659
1,708
1,7 34 1,639
1,659
1,650
1,669
1,693
1,737
1,971
6.3
5.9
6.2
5.2
5.3
5.3
5.0
5.0
4.9
5.0
5.0
5.7
5.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .

3,327
6,991
1,336
16.C

8,310
7,064
1,246
15.0

8,359
7,195
1,164
13.9

8,336
7,144
1, 193
14.3

8,474
7,335
1,139
13.4

8,587
7,401
1,186
13.8

8,560
7,369
1,191
13.9

8,579
7,404
1,174
13.7

8,4 30
7,270
1,160
13.8

8,384
7,ie7
1,197
14.3

8,5 07
7,319
1,188
14.0

8,396
7,231
1,164
13.9

8,252
6,919
1,333
16.2

BLACK AND OTHER
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

11,196 11,340 11,555 11,773 11,909 12,0 34 12,131 12,172 12,223 12,378 12,445 12,360 12,441
9,762 9,800 10,010 10,313 1C,480 10,611 10,742 10,781 10,823 11,023 11,048 10,913 10,778
1,434
1,540
1,525
1,460
1,429
1,423
1,389
1,391
1,400
1,355
1,397
1,447
1,663
12.8
13.6
12.4
13.2
11.8
12.0
11.5
11.4
11.5
10.9
11.7
11.2
13.4

Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,495
4,968
527
9.6

5,482
4,895
587
10.7

5,565
5,019
546
9.8

5,661
5,144
516
9.1

5,707
5,211
496
8.7

5,725
5,242
483
8.4

5,827
5,347
480
8.2

5,830
5,337
494
8.5

5,853
5,365

488
8.3

5,969
5,481
4 87
8.2

5,961
5,451
510
8.6

5,907
5,353
554
9.4

5,921
5,220
701
11.8

Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

4,787
4,224
563
11.8

4,855
4,300
555
11.4

4,973
4,384
589
11.8

5,089
4,539
550
10.8

5,159
4,605
554
10.7

5,235
4,674
560

5,244
4,706
538
10.3

5,277
4,732
545
10.3

5,321
4,772
548
10.3

5,394
4,852
541
10.0

5,466
4,926
540
9.9

5,434
4,899
534
9.8

5,520
4,891
629

914
57C
344
37.7

1,003
605
398
39.7

1,017
626
391
38.4

1,024
630
394
38.5

1,043
663
379
36.4

1,075

1,061
689
371
35.0

1,064
712
353
33.1

1,050

1,015
689
326
32.1

1,018
671
347
34.1

1,020
661
359
35.2

1,O0C

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate




10.7

695
380
35.4

686
364
34.7

11.4

667
332
33.2

71

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-47.

Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

(Unemployment rates]

1977

II

III

1978

II

IV

19flO

1979

III

II

IV

III

IV

II

CHARACTERISTICS

6.9
5.0

6.1
16.0

6.0
4. 1
6.1
16.2

5.3
4.0
5.7
16.2

5.8
4.0
5.7
15.9

5.8
4.0
5,7
16.1

5.8
4.2
5.6
16.2

5.9
4.2
5.7
16.1

6.1
4.7
5.7
16.2

18.0

5.4
12.4

5.2
12.0

5.2
11.3

5.0
11.5

5.0
11.4

5.0
11.5

5.1
10.9

5.1
11.2

5.4
11.7

13.4

.1.3
6.2
8.9

3.0
5.5
8.2

2-8
5.5
9.3

2.7
5.6
fl.6

2.5
5.4
7.7

2.6
5.3

2.9
5.0
7.9

2.9

8.2

2.6
5.2
8.6

3.3
5.3
8.8

4.6
6.1
8.7

10.1
2.0
7.6

6.4
9.5
1.9
7.4

6.1
9.2
1.8
7.2

5.8
9.0

5.5
9.1
1.4
6.5

5.5
8.9
1-3
6.6

5.2
9.0
1.2
6.2

5.2
9.0
1.2
6.2

5.2
8.9
1.2
6.3

5.3
8.5
1. 1
€.3

5.4
8.5
1.2

5.7
€.6
1.3
6.7

7.2
9.0
1.6
8.2

4.3
3,2
2.9
5.3
5.8
8.1
5.6
9.a
6.5
12.4
8.5
4.8

4. 1
2.9
2.5
5.1
5.7
7.9
5.4
9.5
6.4
11.5
8.0
4.3

4. 1
2.8
2.7
4.9
5.6
7*4
5.1
9.0
5.8
11.1

3.6
2.7
2.2
4.2
4.9
7.2
5.0
8.4
5.3
11.5
7.5
4.2

3.6
2.6
2.0
4.3
5.2
6.7
4.5
8.1
5.3
9.8
7.5
3.4

3.6
2.5
2.1
4.2
5.0
6.3
4.5
8.2
5.3
10.3
7.3
3.7

3.3
2.7
2.0
3.7
4.5
6.6
4.4
7.6
4.9
10.9
7.3
3.P

3.4
2.4
2.0
4.1
4.7
6.5
4.5
7.8
5.1
9.8
7.4
3.2

3.3
2.3
2.2
4.1
4.5
6.3
4.3
8.1
5.6
10.8
7.3
3.4

2.0
3.8
4.6
7.3
4.6
9.0
5.3
11,7
6.7
4.4

3.4
2.3
2.2
4.3
4.7
7.9
5.0
9.4
6.7
12.4
7.0
4.1

3.8
2.6
2.6
4.5
5.3
10.9
7.6

7.1
13.0
6.6
6.0
7.5
4.5
8.1
6.2
4.1
11.9

6.8
11.7
6.7
6. 1
7.5
4.7
7.9
5.7
4.1
9.9

6.5
11. 1
6.2
5.7
6.9
4.6
7.5
5.7
4.2

6.2
11.0
5.7
5.2
6.5
3.8
7.2
5-3
3.R
9.6

5.9
9.9
5.6
4.9
6.5
3.9
6.8
5.1
4.0
8.1

5.9
10.4
5.4
5.0
6.0
3.7
6.7
5.2
3.9

5.7
11.0
5.1
4.5
6.0
3.3
6.7
4.9
3.9
8.5

5.6
10.4
5.1
4.4
6.1
3.6
6.5
4.9
3.9
8.0

5.7
10.2
5.4
4.7
6.5
3.2
6.5
4.8
3.6
8.6

5.9
10.1
5.9
5.5
6.5
4.0
6.4
4.7
3.B
9.8

6.1
11.4
6.5
6.4
6.7
4.2
6.4
4.7
4.0
9.9

7.8
16.3

16.5

6.0
13.6

5.7
13.2

3.6
6.7
9.2

3.4
6.4
9.7

6.7

Both sexes, 16-19 yean

6.9
17.6

White
Black and other

6.4
12.8

Msrrwd woffttn, spous* present
Wonwn wno IWeXl TMIHWS
Full-time workers
Part-time workers

F 6 f V M l M # 2 0 y t f l f S flfKi O V # T

•••••••••••••*•••

M M T I 6 O IH#O» S P O U M p T O M D t •••

i/nsitifNoyoo

i o m v i u * n a o v t r

*••«

• • • • •

Labor force time lost3

6.0
4.2

6.2
4.5
6.0
16.9

7.2
5.3
7.0
18.2

Total (all civilian workers)
Males. 20 years and over

6.6
4.7

6.7

6.7

5.0
8.4

6.4

7.5
6.4

6.5
6.6

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

..

7. e

4.2

3.4
2.5
2.2
3.8
4.6
7.1
4.5
8.7
5.8
11.1
7.0
4.0

3.3

13.1
9.5
15.2
A.2
4.7

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers2
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1

Unemployment as a percent of civilian labor force.

2

Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part-time for economic reasons

72




9. e

e.7

as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
3

Includes mining, not shown separately.

5.9
9.9
5.9
5.4
6.7
3.£
6.4
4.9
3.5
9.8

9.2

10.0
8.1
5.0
7.5
5.5
4.1
11.1

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-48. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands]

1980

1979

1978

19 77
Weeks of unemployment

IV

2,766
1,873
1,251
712
541

2,860
1,870
1, 196
683
513

2,922
1,902
1,135
639
4 96

2,930
1,933
1,205
683
522

787
541

998
708

11.2
5-6

11.4
5.8

10.8
5.5

10.5
5.6

10.5
5.4

10.8
5.6

11.2
6.0

100.0
47.4
31.5
21. 1
12.1
9.0

100.0
47.0
31.8
21.3
12. 1
9.2

100.0
48.3
31.6
20.2
11.5
8.7

100.0
49.0
31.9
19.0

100.0
48.3
31.9
19.9
11..1
8.6

100.0
47.5
31.9
20.6
12.2
8.4

100.0
44.5
33.9
21.6
12.7
9.0

IV

2,749
1,395
1,542
828
715

2,113
1,871
1,396
740
655

2,358
1,865
1,284
6 64
620

2,786
1,854
1,238

13.7
6.9

12.7
6.4

12.2
5.9

11.6
5.9

100.0
42.5
30. 8
26.7
13.2
13.5

100.0
44.4
30.6
24.9
13.4
11.6

100.046.0
30.9
23. 1
12.2
10.8

100.0
47.6
31. 1
21.4
11.1

IV

2,940
2,056
1,902
845
1,057

2,803
2,096
1,844
916
928

2,757
2,001
1,735
860
876

14.5
7.1

14.0
7.0

100.0
42.6
29.8
27.6
12.3
15.3

100.0
41.6
31. 1
27.3
13.6
13.8

I

II

III

III

III

I

II

II

II

I

DURATION
Both texts, 16 years and over:
Lets than 5 weeks
6 to 14 weeks
16 weeks and over
16 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over . .
Average (mean duration in weeks
Median duration in weeks .

.

.

.

709
52 9

3,05 6
2,052
1,328

3,505
2,670
1,706

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
.
Less than 6 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
16 weeks and o*ver
16 to 26 weeks .

10.3

10.7
8.3

A-49. Rates of unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
1977

1978

1979

1980

Sex and age

II
Total, 16 years and over...
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18to19yeers
20to 24years !
26 years and over
26 to 54 years
66 years and over
Males, 16 years and over. .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
56 years and over
Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over




III

IV

II

III

IV

II

III

II

7.2

6.9

6.6

6.2

6.0

6.C

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.6

5.9

6.1

7.5

18.2
20.5
16.7
11.0
5.0
5.2
4.1

17.6
19.9
15.9
10.9
4.8
5.0
3.9

16.5
18.5
15.1
10.2

16.9
19.8
14.9
10.3
4. 1
4.3
3.3

16.0

16.2
19.5
13.7

16.2
19.3
13.9

15.9
18.5
13.9
8.7
3.9
4. 1
3.0

16.1
18.4
14.6
8.8
3.9
4.1
3.1

16.2
17.5
15.2
9.2
3.9
4. 1
3.1

16.1
17.9
14.8
9.4

16.2
18.4
14.6
9.8
4.2
4.5
3.0

18.0
20.1
16.7
12.2
5.3
5.8
3.5

4.6
4.8
4.0

18.7
14.1

9.5
4.1
4.3
3.2

9.4
4.0
4.3
3.1

8.9
3.9
4. 1
2.9

3.9
4.2
2.8

6.4

6.1

5.7

5.5

5.1

5.1

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.1

5.2

5.6

7.4

17.7
20.2
16.1
10.9
4.3
4.4
3.7

17.4
20.2
15.1
10.8
4.0
4.1
3.6

15.9
17.5
14.5
9.7
3.9

16.3
19.5
13.9
10. 1
3.5
3.5

15.1
18.4
12.9
8.7
3.4
3.4

16.2
19.9
13.2

15.5
17.9
14.0
8.2
3.2
3.3
3.0

15.9
16.9
15.1
8.8
3.3
3.5
3.1

9.1
3.4
3.6
2.7

15.5
17.6
14-0
10.2
3.7
3.9
2.9

18.4
20.7
17.1
13.3
5.2
5.5

3.2

8.6
3.2
3.3
2.7

16.0
19.1
13.8
8.2
3.2
3.3
2.8

15.7
17.6
14.0

3.2

15.4
18.9
12.6
6.8
3.3
3.4
3.0

8.3

8.1

7.8

7.3

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.7

6.8

6.8

7.5

18.8
20.9
17.4
11.1
6.1

17.9
19.5
16.8
10.9

17.3
19.7
15.7
10.9
5.8
6.1
4.3

17.1
20.2
14.9
10.1

16.2
18.7
14.7

15.7
17.8
13.9
9.3

16.7
18.9
15.2

16.5
18.2
15.3
9.6
4.7
5.1
3.1

16.5
18.2
15.5
9.7
4.8
5.1
3.1

17.0
19.3
15.3
9.3
4.9
5.4
3.1

17.4
19.4
16.3
10.9

6.5
4.6

6.0
6.3
4.5

3.9

3.8

7.2

7.2

17.8
20. 1
16.1
10.4
5-0
5.4
.1.5

16.9
18.9
15.5
10.5
5.1

5.6
3.2

5.2
5.6
3.3

9.3
4.9
S.2
3.3

4.9
5.3
3.4

9.6
4.9
5.3
3.2

3.6

5.6
6.1
3.3

73

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-50. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]

19 77

1973

1979

1980

Reason fof unemploynMftt

IT

III

IV

3,094
837
2,256
908
1,975
975

3,056
2,198
862
1 ,869
957

2,842
77 0
2,072
890
1,830
87 3

100.0
44. 5
12.0
32.5
13. 1
28.4
14.0

1C0.0
45.3
12.7
32.6
12.8
27.7
14.2

3. 1
.9
1.9
1.0

II

III

IV

II

III

IV

2,612
713
1,899
865
1,834
895

2,534
660
1,874
847
1,775
862

2,452
693
1,759
848
1,847
369

2,413
707
1,705
851
1,795

100.0
43.8
11.9
32.0
13.7
29.0
13.5

100.0
42.1
11.5
30.6
13.9
29.5
14.4

100.0
42.1
11.0
31.1
14.1
29.5
14.3

100.0
40.8
11.5
29.2
14. 1
30.7
14.4

2.9
.9
1.9
.9

2.6
.9
1.8
.9

2.5
.8
1.8
.9

II

2,453
774
1,684
864
1,751
830

2,442
793
1,648
881
1,766
802

2,613
656
1,757
349
1,770
75 7

2,729
953
1 r 776
827
1,744
799

2,981
1,060
1,921
79 3
1,795
814

4,179
1,828
2,351
938
1,935
8 30

100.0
40.9
12.0
28.0
14.4
30.4
14.3

100.C
41.6
13. 1
28.5
14.6
29.7
14.1

100.0
41.4
13.5
28.0
15.0
30.0
13.6

10C.0
43.6
14.3
29.3
14.2
29.6
12.6

10C.0
44.8
15.6
29.1
13.6
28.6
13.1

100.C
46.7
16.6
30.1
12.4
28.1
12.8

100.0
53.0
23.2
29.8
11.9
24.5
10.5

2.4
.8
1.8
.3

2.4
.8
1.7

2.4
.9
1.7
.8

2.5
.8
1.7
.7

2.6

2.9
.8
1.7
.8

4.0
.9
1.8
.8

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Both sexes, 16 years and over:
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers , . . . •
Reeotr&nts • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
ran

,
<

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

3.2
.9
2.0
1.C

Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

2.4
.8
1.8
.9

1.7

.e

A-51. Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]

1977

1978

1979

1980

Sex and age

IT
Total, 16 years
and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over...
Males, 16 years
and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Females, 16 years
and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years ,
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

74




III

IV

II

III

IV

II

III

IV

II

90, 188

90,913

92,108

92,954

94,145

94,734

95,653

96,425

96,467

97,231

97,665

97,804

96,893

7,573
3,041
4,518
12,763
6$,859
5 6,131
13,720

7,674
3,116
4,555
12,927
70,307
56,591
13,714

7,82 2
3,210
4,613
13,089
71,19 1
57,262
13,939

7,772
3,159
4,612
13,177
71,997
58,023
13,965

8,010
3,294
4,705
13,471
72,674
58,506
14,163

8,090
3,326
4,773
13,584
73,057
58,906
14,161

8,054
3,297
4,762
13,752
73,844
59,599
14,249

8,106
3,334
4,777
13,9on
74,416
6.0,043
14,37?

7,97 0
3,246
4,709
13,888
74,624
60,325
14,286

7,885
3, 208
4,671
13,903
75,447
61,092
14,361

7,979
3,295
4,695
13,877
75,803
61,423
14,378

7,876
3,184
4,703
13,805
76,129
61,778
14,361

7,599
3,037
4,549
13,525
75,783
61,474
14,300

53,643

54,005

54,716

54,922

55,421

55,603

56,010

56,417

56,381

56,564

56,648

56,6G6

55,759

4,121
1,684
2,426
6,953
42,571
3 4,042
8,536

4,127
1,715
2,418
7,062
42,820
34,269
8,539

4,27 1
1,799
2,469
7,149
43,28 3
34,632
8,65 5

4,224
1,751
2,4 72
7,158
43,540
34,895
8,641

4,287
1,778
2,504
7,344
43,788
35,059
8,743

4,320
1,789
2,544
7,359
43,934
35,192
8,732

4,274
1,748
2,530
7,449
44,273
35,455
8,815

4,28ft
1,78?
2,504
7,537
44,598
35,745
8,859

4,245
1,758
2,477
7,547
44,586
35,826
8,772

4,201
1,738
2,4^61
7,533
44,845
36,011
8,821

4,216
1,765
2,4 56
7,521
44,895
36,109
8,778

4,236
1,756
2,487
7,457
44,929
36,111
8,8 23

4 , 035
1 , 634
2 , 394
7 , 236
4 4 , 505
3 5 , 757
8 , 759

36,545

36,908

37,392

38,032

38,724

39,132

39,643

40,008

40,086

40,667

41 ,017

41,198

41,133

3,452
1,357
2,092
5,81C
2 7,288
22,089
5,184

3,547
1,401
2,137
5,865
27,487
22,322
5,174

3,548
3,551
1,408
1,41 1
2,140
2,144
6,019
5,940
27,909 28,458
22,63C 23,128
5,324
5,284

3,722
1,516
2,201
6,127
28,885
23,447
5,421

3,770
1,537
2,229
6,225
29,123
23,714
5,429

3,780
1,549
2,232
6,303
29,571
24,145
5,434

3,81ft
1,552
2,273
6,361
29,818
24,29ft
5,513

3,725
1,489
2,231
6,340
30,038
24,499
5,514

3,684
1,470
2,210
6,370
30,602
25,081
5,540

3,763
1,530
2,239
6,357
30,907
25,314
5,600

3,640
1,428
2,216
6,347
31,200
25,667
5,538

3 ,564
1 ,402
2 ,^55
6 ,289
31 ,279
25 ,717
5 ,541

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-52.

Employed parsons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted

(in thousands!

1978

1977

1979

1980

Selected categories

II

II

I IT

III

IV

II

III

IV

II

CHARACTERISTICS
Total. 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present

,

90,188 90,913 92,108 92,954 94,145 94,734 9 5,653 96,425 96,467 97,231 97,665 97,80 4 96,893
3 8,463 38,377 38,56 2 38,527 36,625 38,666 38,938 39,208 39,011 39,185 38,964 38,817 38,227
20,933 20,987 21,291 21,585 21,760 2 1,921 22,250 22,500 22,5 29 22,905 22,962 23,164 23,126

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators.
except (arm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment
operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

,757 45,319 46,227 46,534 46,957 47,382 47,951 48,712 49,130 49,672 49,854 50,354 50,624
,508 13,788 14,035 14,019 14,212 14,255 14,509 14,899 15,067 15,089 15,153 15,393 15,6C2
,515
,705
,029
,204
,864
,383

9,681
5,756
16,094
30,293
11,913
10,341

9,941
5,767
16,484
30,605
12,095
10,404

10,085 10,100
5,871 5,905
16,740
30*934 31,567
12, 138 12,307
10,649 10,938

10,123
5,960
17,044
31,583
12,462
10,872

10,114
6,061
17,267
32,031
12,631
11,043

10,361
6,064
17,388
32,169
12,832
10,950

10,453
6,096
17,514
31,867
12,822
10,776

10,656
6,163
17,764
32,036
12,877
10,919

10,597
€,323
17,780
32,206
12,989
10,991

10,778
6,250
17,933
31,769
12,770
10,639

10,846
5,997
18,179
30,683
12,532
10,292

3,492 3,506 3,526 3,519 3,508 3,613 3,607 3,604 3,616 3,619 3,582 3,433
,
4,547 4,600 4,620 4,803 4,740 4,744 4,779 4,664 4,625 4,607 4,77$ 4,427
, 4 7 1 12,509 12,547 12,706 12,847 12,854 12,947 12,e23 12,828 12,749 12,935 13,013 12,965
,397 2,711 2,771 2,807 2,786 2,818 2,773 2,761 2,655 2,702 2,702 2,719 2,670
,835

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricuitural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,324
1,610
377

1,322
1,553

60,413
15,050
65,363
1,356
64,005
5,982
5C6

81,118
15,211
65,907
1,394
64,513
6,065
503

315

1,389
1,588
342

1,424
1,617
296

1,426
1,621
320

1,426
1,596
309

1,409
1,568
314

1,409
1,537
288

1,401
1 ,605
309

1,436
1,607
311

1,431
1,601
292

1,380
1,614
279

82,917
15,274
67,643
1,372
66,271
6,269
474
476

84,041
15,283
6fl,759
1,4 00
67,359
6,312
462

84,561
15,265
69,295
1,365
67,930
6,241
466

85,459
15,317
70,142
1,313
68,820
6,404
463

86,220
15,285
70,935
1,279
69,656
6,543
459

86,215
15,431
70,784
1,201
69,584
6,567
466

86,596
15,360
71,236
1,248
69,988
6,724
473

87,129
15,393
71,736
1,233
70,503
6,777
419

87,406
15,525
71,881
1,142
70,739
6,826
384

86,543
15,786
70,756
1,183
69,574
6,709
4 07

1,332
1,573
34 0
82 ,204
15 ,346
66 ,859
1 ,3ft9
65 ,47 0
6 ,135

PERSONS AT WORK 1
Nonagricuitural industries
Fulltime schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Usually work full time
Usually work part time
Part time for noneconomic
reasons

1

81,480 82,450 83,319 83,994 85,813 86,066 86,833 «7,637 87,381 88,782 86,812 89,008 87,750
66,919 67,654 68,344 69,155 7C,473 70,938 71,596 72,306 72,133 73,042 72, 113 73,027 71,412
3,266 3,167 3,279 3,257 3,159 3 , 1 9 7 3,282 3,246 3,409 3,446 4,055
3,239 3,315
1,251 1,253
1,192
1,243
1,272 1,298
1,228
1,251
1,294
1,336
1,419
1,464
1,852
1,989 2,062 2,023
1,975 2,007
1,958
1,931
1,988
1,946
1,910
1,989
1,982 2,2C3
11,322 11,481 11,729 11,671 12,062 11,874 12,078 12,134 11,966 12,494 12,290 12,535 12,283

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons

as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.




75

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-53. Job desire of persons not in labor force by current activity, reasons for not seeking work, sex, and race,
seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

1977

1978

1979

Characttristic

II

III

IV

II

Til

IV

II

III

II

TV

TOTAL
Both sexes, 16 yaars and ovtr:
Total not in labor fore*
Do not want job now
Currant activity:
Going to school
Kaapinghousa
Ratirad
Othar
Want a job now
Raason not looking:
School attendance...
Ill health, disability . .
Home responsibilities.
Think cannot gat job.
Job-market factors
Personal factors...
Othar reasons1

58,959 59,126 58,815 58,868 58,432 58,458 58,334 58,255 58,824 58,568 56,842 59,C22 59,1C3
53,666 52,955 53,563 53,585 54,014

53,170 53,398 53,125 53,568 53,169

5,976
6,159 6,214 6,200 6,261 6,227 6,037 5,960
a,509 4,567 4,395 4,505 4,573 4,424 4,620 4,563 4,542
30,098 30,123 30,113 29,711 29,647 29,422 29,296 29,303 29,215
9,051 9 ,045 9,036 9,408 9,196 9,400 9,466 9,583 9,979
3,353 3,449 3 , 3 * 1
3,683 3,526 3,675 3,70P 3,84*3 3,954
5,759 5,818 5,57C 5,4 34 5,289 5,386 5,261 5,246 5, 190
1,513
783
1 ,278
1,C56
740
3ie
1,12")

1,587
808
1 ,278
1,030
713
317
1,115

1,514
746
1,222
977
635
341
1,111

1,415
699
1,226
925
645
281
1,169

1,312
754
1,236
836
537
300
1,150

1,455
703
1,227
351
612
239
1,151

1,351
722
1,210
772
491
281
1,197

1,34a
750
1,227
740
495
245
1, 181

1,378
708
1,220
807
507
300
1,078

5,974 fc,C03 6,C36 6,239
4,4 60 4,540 4,680 4,465
28,723 2fi,736 28,199 28,742
9,978 10,206 10,638 10,514
3,799 4,076 4,031 4,053
5,527 5,287 5,583 5,441
1,564
772
1,266
731
531
2 00
1,194

1,493
751
1,238
741
459
282
1,C64

1,443
789
1,344
99 3
610
384
1,013

1,452
739
1,181
917
616
300
1,152

Milt*
Total not in labor force
Do not want job now
Wantajobnow
Raason not looking:
School attendance...
Ill haalth, disability . .
Think cannot gat job.
Other reasons'

16,503 16,642 16,414 16,587 16,586 16,742 16,675

16,956 16,948 17,211 17,286 17,329

14,662 14,808 14,658 14,885 14,889 15,05C 14,952 15,012 15,395 15,177 15,485 15,594 15,719
1,679 1,537 1,826 1 ,725 1,738
1,703
1,742 1,647
1,700 1,676
1,733
1,779 1,806
786
332
311
350

760
343
350
353

746
321
323
314

710
315
340
377

649
3 36
300
362

727
326
207
359

697
327
294
358

666
362
294
358

686
276
256
319

815
355
286
370

739
337
285
364

684
336
377
34 1

745
335
305
34P

Fair
Total not in labor force
Do not want job now
Wantajobnow
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities . . .
Think cannot get job

42,456 42,483 42,401 42,281 41,846 41,716 41,700 41,667 41,868 41,620 41,632 41,735 41,775
38,508 38,590 38,467 38,663 36,260 37,878 38,115 38,226 38,271 37,773 3C,C78 37,991 38,294
3,980 4,012 3,367
1,691 3,642 3,686 3.,534 3,566 3,653 3,701 3,562 3,845 3,708
727
451
1,278
74*3
777

827
466
1,278
680
762

769
426
1,222
654
797

704
384
1,226
585
792

664
418
1,236
536
789

727
376
1,227
564
792

655
395
1,210
478
830

6C2
389
1,227
446
823

692
432
1,220
551
759

749
753
417
414
1 ,2 66 1,23C
456
445
700
824

759
453
1,344
616
673

707
4 04
1,181
612
8C4

Other reasons
White
Total not in labor force
Do not want job now
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities . . .
Think cannot get job

51,409 51,584 51,316 51,479 51,074 51,083 50,912 50,696 51,220 50,9Q8 51,145 51,074 51,170
47,081 47,309 46,945 47,419 47,160 46,9 13 46,854 46,850 47,276 46,845 46,983 46,856 47,180
4,32* 4*, 271 4,298 4,154 3,977 4,256 3,911 3,991 3,9 19 4,274 4,C14 4,284 4,078
1,095
6 30
976
725
899

1,092
571
958
717
933

1,109
559
979
720
932

1,038
500
959
660
998

961
536
962
569
949

1,202
518
961
585
991

980
518
904
537
962

985
541
952
527
9fi6

966
505
944
564
939

1,222
529
980
541
1.002

1,124
521
968
540
861

1,035
566
1,120
694
869

1,081
534
933
597
9 32

7,565

7,554

7,480

7,391

7,3 73

7,379

7,454

7,541

7,623

7,607

7,67fi

7,899

7,956

6,098
1,368

6,076
1,584

6,241
1,245

6,071
1,331

6,075
1,265

6,137
1,222

6,140
1,317

6,244
1,2e7

6,372
1, 19 3

6,305
1,345

6,451
1,236

6,556
1,35

6,626
1,293

383
216
275
287
171

334
218
260
255
198

319
170
282
274
178

357
204
300
232
216

370
230
278
221
187

390
189
261
218
135

401
219
315
200
211

367
234
26
191
181

414
243
232
313
149

347
199
237
296
214

Other reasons
Black and other
Total not in labor force.
Do not Waint job now • « • * • • * »

40 3
510
401
Want a job now
157
223
. 190
Raason not looking:
284
337
23 6
School attendance
301
316
249
Ill health, disability
223
197
169
Home responsibilities . . .
Think cannot get j o b . . . .
Other reasons
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of "home responsiblities."

76



HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES

A-54. job desire of persons not in labor force and reasons for not seeking work by age and sex
iln thousands I
Age in years
Total
Reason) for not seeking work

20 24

16-19

II
1979

60 and over

25 59

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

58,886r
53,335

59,302
53,521

6,769
5,043

6,890
5,072

4,437
3,455

4,530
3,494

5,383
4,583
29,528
10,020
3,821

5,551
4,496
29,065
10,553
3,856

3,644
66

3,693
31

1,205
124

1,281
103

524

1,660

II
1980

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

22,500
20,137

21,947
19,457

25,180
24,700

25,935
25,482

528
2,256
15,154
228
1,971

556
2,285
14,421
190
2,005

7
2,135
12,201
9,792
565

18
2,076
12,455
10,363
580

2,363

II
1979

2,487

481

443

190
474
791
417
303
113
491

188
524
745
448
335
112
582

2
147
28
145
61
84
159

8
141
33
121
54
66
140

II
1979

TOTAL
Total not in tabor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get job . . . . . .
Job-market factors
Personal factors
Other reasons'
.

5,551

528

1,650

809

820

476

451

1,818

982
363
49
285
113
79
33
172

1,034

5,780

1,870
694
1,182
796
532
265
1,009

1,928
727
1,148
902
635
268
1,075

1,725
1,314
25
77
121
86
35
188

16,834

17,297

3,024

3,056

1,246

1,272

3,230

3,312

9,334

9,656

14,979

15,260

2,189

2,149

942

931

2,737

2,772

9,109

9,408

2,608
2,475
246
7,589
2,061

2,673
2,411
261
7,893
2,022

1,739
31
13

1,757
9
5

626
60
13

661
45

406

378

243

243
1,243
57
211
983

1,291
62
155
1,009

1,141
162
7,378
428

2
1,065
189
7,738
414

1,336
29
83
186
119
67
184

397
33
287
148
124
23
169

Males
Total not in labor force . . . .
Do not want a job now . . .
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other

5

255

220
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ml health, disability
Think cannot get job . . . .
Other reasons '

1,857

2,036

836

906

305

493

541

224

249

341
194
14
67
66

76
195
107
115

86
234
95
126

2
69
75
78

86
71
92

966
287
274
330

1,014
350
312
360

42,052

42,005

3,745

3,834

3,190

3,259

19,270

18,634

15,847

16,279

38,358

38,260

2,854

2,921

2,516

2,566

17,403

16,690

15,590

16,084

2,775
2,108
29,283
2,431
1,761

2,877
2,086
28,804
2,660
1,833

1,904
35
511

1,936
22
522

579
67
1,637

620
59
1,656

404

441

233

231

284
1,015
15,099
17
988

304
994
14,361
35
996

6
994
12,039
2,414
137

17
1,011
12,266
2,625
165

3,694

3,745

891

912

675

692

1,869

1,944

258

195

904
407
1,182
522
679

914
377
1,148
591
715

639
14
77
66
95

604
12
83
106
107

151
34
285
78
127

203
19
287
81
102

115
278
791
309
376

100
290
745
353
456

79
28
70
81

8
55
33
50
49

676
11
56
93

733
17
79
77

212
13
35
45

Females
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities . . .
Think cannot get job
Other reasons
1

Includes small number of men not looking for work because of "home responsibilities."

NOTE: Detail in tables A-54, A-55, and A-57 may not add to not-in-labor-force totals
because of differences in the weighting patterns used in aggregating these data.

r =• revised.




77

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-55. Job desire of persons not in labor force and reasons for not seeking work by age, race, and sex
[In thousands]

Age in years
Total

16-24

Reasons for not seeking work

60 and over

1U0

1979

1979

1980

1$79

1980

1979

l$80

WHITE
Total not in labor force ,

51,240

Oo not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school .
Ill, disabled . . .
Keeping house .
Retired
Other
Want a job now
,
Reason not looking:
School attendance . . .
Ill health, disability . .
Home responsibilities1
Think cannot get job
Other reasons

51,313

8,847

8,956

19,596

18,954

22,797

23,403

14,323

14,594

36,917

36,720

47,028

46,955

6,907

6,828

17,729

17,095

22,387

23,034

12,915

13,060

34,113

33,895

4,286
3,683
26,772
9,079
3,208

4,332
3,553
26,392
9,587
3,091

3,870
152
1,831

3,884
105
1,870

1,054

969

409
1,768
13,711
213
1,628

434
1,762
13,116
170
1,613

6
1,761
11,229
8,867
524

2,092
2,022
214
6,919
1,668

2,125
1,927
226
7,157
1,625

2,194
1,661
26,558
2,160
1,540

2,207
1,626
26,166
2,430
1,466

4,213

4,358

1,937

2,130

1,868

1,858

410

14
1,685
11,410
9,417
508
370

1,409

1,534

2,804

2,824

1,372
498
906
561
876

1,476
523
897
596
866

1,227
51
239
133
287

1,354
48
271
174
283

143
339
639
299
448

121
362
601
318
456

2
108
28
130
142

1
114
25
104
126

710
211

772
263

201
287

200
299

662
287
906
360
589

704
260
897
396
567

BLACK A N D O T H E R
Total not in labor force

7,646

7,989

2,358

2,464

2,905

2,993

2,384

2,532

2,510

2,703

5,136

5,286

Oo not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school .
Ill,disabled . . .
Keeping house .
Retired
Other

6,308

6,565

1,590

1,738

2,408

2,369

2,314

2,461

2,063

2,200

4,245

4,365

1,096
900
2,757
941
614

1,218
944
2,673
966
764

978
38
344

1,090
29
317

230

302

119
489
1,442
15
343

126
522
1,309
20
392

375
972
926
41

5
391
1,047
946
72

515
453
32
670
393

548
484
35
736
397

581
447
2,725
271
221

670
460
2,638
230
367

Want a job now

1,338

1,423

770

725

498

625

68

70

448

502

890

921

498
196
276
235
133

452
204
251
307
209

450
23
122
101
74

380
15
100
160
70

48
135
153
118
44

65
163
142
128
127

6
27
8
17
12

256
76

242
87

73
43

112
61

242
120
276
162
90

210
117
251
195
148

Reason not looking:
School attendance . . .
Ill health, disability . .
Home responsibilities1
Think cannot get job .
Other reasons
1

38

Small number of men not looking for work because of "home responsibilities" are included in "other reasons."

A-56.

Persons not in labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by age, race , sex, and

detailed reason
2nd Quarter 1980
Age in years
Detailed reason for not seeking work

Total
Black and

16-19

20-24

25 59

60 and
over

96
121
51

18
33
16

15
8

18
71
23

60
2
4

83
64
41

13
57
10

357
278

84
35

83
41

167
168

22
32

188
220

169
58

38
24
16

11
10

1
8
12

27
2

34
10
14

5
14
3

148
85

41
16

40
34

19
22

72
71

76
14

57
97
35

7
22
16

17
63
11

34
2
2

49
54
27

8
43
7

209
193

43
18

125
136

2
10

116
149

93
44

TOTAL
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old .
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:

Could not find job
Thinks no job available
Males
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old .
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find job
Thinks no job available

47
12

Females
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old .
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find job
Thinks no job available

78



37
30

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-57. Most recent work experience of persons not in labor force and reason for leaving last job for those
who worked during previous 12 months by age, race, and sex
[Numbers in thousands]

Age in years
Total

Most recent work experience and
reason for leaving job

II
1979

16-24
II
1980

59,302
9,790
29,940
9,953
9,617
100.0
40.7
8.8
8.8
7.7
21.1
18.4

II

II

1980

1979

58,886
9,576
29,607
10,116
9,587
100.0
42.3
8.7

Males, not in labor force .
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago . . . .
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago . . . .
Left job during previous 12 months
Percent distribution by reason .
School, home responsibilities
III health, disability
Retirement, old age
Economic reasons . . . . . . .
End of seasonal job . . . .
Slack work
End of temporary job . . .
All other reasons
Females, not in labor force
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago . . . .
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago . . . .
Left job during previous 12 months
Percent distribution by reason .
School, home responsibilities
III health, disability
Retirement, old age
Economic reasons
End of seasonal job
Slack work
End of temporary job
All other reasons

42,052
7,357
21,872
6,668
6,156
100.0
46.7
7.5
3.9
19.9
8.4
5.3
6.2
22.1

6,935
2,953
252
1,201
2,528
100.0
57.9
2.7

7 ft
/.0

7 .£.
1 0

5.2

7.3

22.9

20.8

27.3

25.2

16,834 17,297
2,316
2,219
8,276
7,735
3,448
3,318
3,386
3,432
100.0
100.0
32.7
34.5
10.6
10.9
14.9
14.5
19.6
15.8
6.7
6.7
7.2
5.0
4.1
5.7
22.0
24.3

4,270
1,932
39
306
1,993
100.0
51.2
2.5

4,328
.2,013
39
367
1,910
100.0
51.6
1.6
—
18.1
6.7
5.1
6.3
28.7

42,005
7,474
21,664
6,636
6,231
100.0
45.0
7.6
5.4
21.8
7.5
7.4
7.0
20.1

II

II

1979

5.4

4.3

16.6
7.5
4.7
4.5
29.6

II

1980

6.4

9.8

22.6

20.0

7.8
9,334
55
6,428
2,123
727
100.0
5.1
17.7
58.1
13.7
6.3
3.6
3.8

5.2

9,656
31
6,884
1,973
769
100.0
3.1
14.5
57.4
18.2
6.8
6.4
5.1
6.8

13.9

3.4
28.8

20.7

6.6

4.8

II

II

1979

1980

7,646
2,011
3,181
1,212
1,242
100.0
36.6
13.2
5.0
18.0
8.2
5.*2

7,989
2,049
3,316
1,301
1,322
100.0
33.5
17.2
4.5
22.1
8.1
7.*3
f\ /
o• 7
22.7
2,703

20.4

27.3

14,324 14,594
1,609
1,557
6,796
7,192
2,871
3,034
2,921
2,937
100.0
100.0
33.3
35.9
9.6
10.0
15.1
16.0
18.5
15.5
6.9
6.5
5.2
6.8
4.8
3.8
22.2
23.9

2,511
663
939

16,279 36,917 36,720
6,132
6,008
2,415
11,743 19,630 19,432
5,781
5,870
1,530
590
5,408
5,374
100.0
100.0
100.0
46.5
47.2
11.5
6.0
7.1
15.1
43.8
4.3
5.9
22.2
20.1
19.0
8.4
7.2
4.2
7.6
5.2
6.9
7.4
7.8
6.5
21.4
19.5
10.7

5.4
15,847
2,451
11,322
1,561
512
100.0
10.0
13.3
40.2
25.2
11.7
6.3
7.2
11.3

6.8

7.3

22.2

8.4

3,230 3,312
231
273
1,266 1,352
1,019
979
711
708
100.0 100.0
17.7
13.6
27.4
31.7
10.5
8.6
15.5
25.5

4.7

4.8
7.3

II

1980

25,935 51,240 51,313
7,741
2,446
7,565
18,627 26,426 26,624
8,652
3,502
8,904
8,295
1,359
8,345
100.0
100.0
100.0
43.2
41.8
6.8
14.7
8.0
7.4
8.1
51.6
9.4
20.9
18.5
18.5

25,180
2,506
17,750
3,685
1,240
100.0
7.1
15.9
50.7
18.5

7,093 19,270 18,634
3,034
1,953 2,024
290 10,297 9,632
3,906 3,851
1,255
2,513
3,115 3,127
100.0
100.0 100.0
56.9
43.6
41.8
10.8
1.9
10.4
1.1
2.5
18.7
23.7
24.9
8.0
9.0
7.7
6.2
5.7
8.9
8.6
5.1
8.4
21.1
22.6
19.9

14.0
6.9
4.1
3.0
25.4

II
1979

II

1979

1980

Black and
other

Whue

60 and over

11,420 22,501 21,947
5,047
2,185 2,297
328 11,565 10,985
1,622
4,925 4,829
4,422
3,826 3,836
100.0 100.0
100.0
38.8
54.6
36.6
1.8
13.6
14.7
—
2.8
3.7
22.2
18.4
25.1

11,206
4,884
292
1,507
4,522
100.0
55.0
2.6
—
15.1

Total, not in labor force .
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago . . . .
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago . . . .
Left job during previous 12 months
Percent distribution by reason .
School, home responsibilities
III health, disability
Retirement, old age
Economic reasons
End of seasonal job . . . .
Slack work
End of temporary job . . .
All other reasons

25-59

707
1,084

415

447

495
100.0
26.3
18.2
11.1
17.4
7.9
3.4
6.1
27.1

465
100.0
28.8
16.1
7.9
26.6
5.6
10.1
10.9
20.6

5,135
1,348
2,242

5,286
1,342
2,232
854
857
100.0
36.0
17.8
2.7
19.7
9.4
5.8

797
747
100.0
43.4
9.9
.9
18.3
8.4
6.3
3.6
27.4

4.4
23.8

A-58. Work-seeking intentions of persons not in labor force and work history of those who intend
toseeK work within next 12 months by age, race, and sex
[In thousands]
Aga in years

Black and
other

Total
25-59

16-24

Work-seeking intentions and work history

II
1979

II
1980

60 and over

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

50,401
8,486
1,600
1,137
1,656
4,092

50,444 6,595
8,857 4,609
1,845 1,501
68
1,136
556
1,686
4,190 2, 485

6,542
4,879
1,631
70
586
2,593

19,085
3,416
95
930
956
1,434

18,409
3,538
209
911
975
1,441

24,720
460
3
139
144
173

13,981
2,853
708
195
373
1,577

14,296
3,000
765
194
415
1,626

2,258
2,014
692
13
135
1,175

2,199
2,129
720
19
162
1,227

2,612
618
16
101
181
320

2,676
636
44
98
188
306

9,112
222

36,419
5,633
893
941
1,283
2,516

36,148 4,338
5,857 2,596
1,080
810
942
55
1,272
421
2,564 1,309

4,342
2,750
911
51
422
1,365

II
JL980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

25,494 44,478 44,361 5,923
6,763
6,951 1,723
441
502
1,276
1,099
5
292
889
845
156
309
1,347
1,284
125
620
3,473
3,501
155

6,083
1,906
569
247
401
689

1,932
579
231
55
71
222

2,076
627
233
55
92
247

16,073 32,428 32,141 3,991
4,578 1,144
4,489
206
271
744
622
5
237
750l
705
77
238
962
1,045
61
398
2,122
2,118
63

4,007
1,279
336
192
309
442

Total
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months . . .
Males
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months . . .

82
57
82

12,050
2,274
477
80
140
64
302
92
1,355

9,421
236

12,220
2,373
532
139
322
1,379

Females
Do not intend to seek work
,
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
,
Last worked over 5 years ago
,
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months




16,474 15,733 15,608
2,797
240
2,902
80
3
165
828
58
815
87
787
775
92
1,135
1,114

79

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-59. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands]
Hispanic origin2
Employment status

17
1980

Civilian noninstitutional population . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

II
1979

II
1980

TI
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

161,181

163,804

141,330

143,408

16,979

17,366

8,C06

8,513

102,295
63.5
96,610
3,389
93,220
5,685
5.6
58,886

104,502
63.6
97,017
3,418
93,599
7,485
7.2
59,302

90,09C
63.7
85,805
3,090
82,714
4,285
4.8
51,240

92,094
64.2
86,262
3,155
8 3, 107
5,833
6.3
51,313

10,350
61.0
9,073
235
8,839
1,2 76
12.3
6,6 29

10,510
60.5
9,021
209
8,812
1,488
14.2
6,856

5,031
62.8
4,631

5,445
64.0
4,901

2,975

10.0
3,069

68,123

69,430

60,423

61,501

6,539

6,705

3,265

3,495

54,313
79.7
52,271
2,362
49,909
2,041
3.8
13,810

55,189
79.5
51,864
2,38 3
49,481
3,325
6.0
14,241

48,446
80.2
46,877
2,151
44,727
1,569
3.2
11,977

49,263
80.1
46,617
2, 179
44,438
2,647
5.4
12,238

4,944
75.6
4,518
167
4,350
426
8.6
1,597

4,99S
74.6
4,390
165
4,225
6 08
12.2
1 ,706

2,788
85.4
2,634

2,981
85.3
2,728

76,670

78,094

67,055

68,175

8,215

38,362
50.0
36,292
624
35,668
2,070
5.4
38,307

39,923
51.1
37,477
613
36,864
2,445
6.1
38,171

33,077
49.3
31,541
564
30,977
1,536
4.6
33,97e

34,445
50.5
32,611
576
32,035
1,834
5.3
33,731

4,500
54.8
4,013
45
3,968
487
10.8
3,714

16,389

16,281

13,852

13,731

9,620
58.7
8,046
403
7,643
1,574
16.4
6,769

9,391
57.7
7,676
422
7,254
1,715
18.3
6,890

8,566
61.8
7,386
375
7,011
1,180
13.8
5,286

ft,387
61.1
7,034
401
6,634
1,352
1f.1
5,345

236

252

4,395

4,648

400
7.9

544

Males, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population . .
Civilian labor force

,

Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

175

179

2,460

2,549

154
5.5
477

254
8.5
514

fi,434

3,642

3,875

4,647
55.1
4,101
27
4,074
547
11.8
3,787

1,719
47.2
1,566
31
1,535
153
8.9
1,923

1,091
48.8
1,728
44
1,685
163
8.6
1,984

2,225

2,227

1,099

1,143

907
40.8
543
22
520
364
40.1
1,318

864
38.8
53C
17
513
334
38.6
1,363

524
47.7
431
30
401
93
17.8
575

572
50.0
445
30
415
127
22.3
571

Females, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 1 6 1 9 years
Civilian noninstitutional population . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

1
Data relate to black workers only. According to the 1970 Census, they comprised about
89 percent of the "black and other" population group.
2
Data on persons of Hispanic origin are tabulated separately, without regard to race, which means
that they are also included in the data for white and black workers. At the time of the Census, approximately 96 percent of their population was white.

80




HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-60 Employment status of persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin
by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Total Hispanic origin 1
Employment status

Mexican origin

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

8,006

8,513

5,031
62.8
4,631
236
4,395
400
7.9
2,975

Puerto Rican origin

Cuban origin

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

4,793

5,116

1,078

1,133

612

578

5,445
64.0
4,901
252
4,648
544
10.0
3,069

3,126
65.2
2,888
207
2,681
238
7.6
1,667

3,379
66.0
3,021
223
2,798
358
10.6
1,737

539
50.0
479
7
473
60
11.1
539

584
51.5
518
9
510
66
11.3
548

401
65.5
372
6
366
29
7.3
210

393
68.0
365
2
363
28
7.0
186

3,265

3,495

2,023

2,189

375

410

270

243

2,788
85.4
2,634
175
2,460
154
5.5
477

2,981
85.3
2,728
179
2,549
254
8.5
514

1,791
88.5
1,700
153
1,548
91
5.1
232

1,912
87.3
1,742
156
1,586
169
8.9
277

306
81.6
273
3
269
33
10.7
69

333
81.2
303
7
296
31
9.2
76

219
81.1
210
6
204
9
3.9
51

203
83.5
190
2
188
13
6.6
40

3,642

3,875

2,077

2,199

527

561

283

279

1,719
47.2
1,566
31
1,535
153
8.9
1,923

1,891
48.8
1,728
44
1,685
163
8.6
1,984

970
46.7
877
27
850
93
9.6
1,106

1,071
48.7
972
39
933
99
9.3
1,128

181
34.3
169
2
167
12
6.8
345

202
36.0
178
2
176
24
12.1
359

154
54.4
139

158
56.6
151

139
16
10.2
129

151
7
4.3
121

1,099

1,143

693

728

177

163

58

56

524
47.7
431
30
401
93
17.8
575

572
50.0
445
30
415
127
22.3
571

365
52.7
310
27
284
54
14.9
328

396
54.4
307
28
279
89
22.6
331

52
29.4
38
2
36
15
(2)
124

49
30.1
38

28
(2)
23

32
(2)
24

38
11
(2)
114

23
5
(2)
30

24
8
(2)
25

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Males, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Females, 2 0 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both wees, 16-19 years
Civilian noninstitutional populatioi
Civilian labor force
Percent of population

Employment
Agriculture

..

Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

Includes persons of Central or South American origin and other Hispanic origin, not
#n separately.
shown UidAratelw
3

Percent not shown where base is less than 60,000.




81

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-61. Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
[In thousands]
Hispanic origin 1

Black and other

Total
Selected categories

IT
1979

IT
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1979

II
1980

II
1980

CHARACTERISTICS

96,610
56,619
39,991

97,017
56,004
41,013

85,805
50,859
34,946

86,262
50,399
35,863

10,805
5,760
5,045

10,755
5,605
5,150

4,631
2,879
1,752

4,901
3,003
1,898

48,921
15,030
10,343
6,120
17,428
32,041
12,848
10,733
3,637
4,823
12,863
2,785

50,389
15,569
10,727
6,017
18,076
30,836
12,554
10,238
3,464
• 4,579
13,003
2,790

44,836
13,678
9,781
5,824
15,552
28,131
11,836
9,147
3,121
4,027
10,299
2,539

46,183
14,187
10,197
5,713
16,087
26,993
11,537
8,673
2,928
3,854
10,502
2,584

4,085
1,352
561
296
1,876
3,910
1,013
1,585
516
796
2,564
246

4,206
1,383
530
304
1,989
3,843
1,017
1,566
536
725
2,501
205

1,513
352
280
191
690
2,198
635
989
184
390
735
185

1,669
383
314
197
775
2,232
653
1,030
196
353
787
213

1,494
1,554
341

1,462
1,629
327

1,248
1,509
334

1,261
1,576
318

246
45
8

200
53
9

214
18
4

226
23
3

86,061
15,350
70,711
1,195
69,516
6,653
506

Total, 16 years and over
Males
Females

86,362
15,701
70,661
1,176
69,485
6,795
442

75,951
12,950
63,001

76,331
13,277
63,054

10,031
2,423
7,608
382
7,226
436
26

4,154
604
3,550
76
3,474
225
18

4,384
642
3,743
95
3,648
244
20

79,309
3,537
13,764

78,525
4,400
14,093

8,819
693
1,244

3,954
223
455

4,083
310
508

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons




795
62,259
6,359

486

416

70,316
2,919
12,569

69,706
3,707
12,849

8,992
618
1,195

2

See footnote 2, table A-59.
Employed persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period are distributed

82

806
62,195
6,278

10,111
2,400
7,711
390
7,321
375
20

proportionately among the full- and part-time employed categories.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-62. Employed persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and economic categories
[In thousands]
Total Hispanic

Puerto Rican
origin

Mexican origin

Cuban origin

Selected categories

II
1980

II
1979

4,631
2,879
1,752

4,901
3,003
1,898

2,888
1,871
1,017

3,021
1,941
1,080

479
296
184

518
330
188

372
226
146

365
201
164

1,513
352
280
191
690
2,198
635
989
184
390
735
185

1,669
383
314
197
775
2,232
653
1,030
196
353
787
213

781
163
154
88
376
1,480
432
629
130
289
459
166

906
185
165
100
456
1,440
427
630
122
261
484
191

185
48
20
17
100
213
45
124
18
26
77
5

178
48
37
15
78
263
52
152
26
33
73
5

166
42
39
23
62
162
48
78
14
22
42
1

156
33
32
24
67
169
52
79
15
23
41
1

214
18
4

226
23
3

192
13
2

206
15
2

7

4,154
604
3,550
76
3,474
225
18

4,384
642
3,743
95
3,648
244
20

?,544
364
2,180
44
2,136
123
14

2,659

461
80
381
3
378
12
—

491
65
426
6
420
17
1

339
30
326
3
309
26
1

331
25
306
1
305
32
2

3,954
223
455

4,083
310
508

2,439
168
281

426
12
41

453
29
36

326
9
37

330
9
27

TI
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

CHARACTERISTICS
Total, 16 years and over
Males
Females
OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagriculturel industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

418
?,241

50
2,191

129
10

FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS2
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons

See footnote 1, table A-60.




2,496

224
301

See footnote 2, table A-61.

83

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-63. Employed persons by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)
Total
Sex and aga

Hispanic origin2

Whit*

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

96,610

97,017

85,805

86,262

9,073

9,021

4,631

4,901

......

8,046
3,271
4,775
13,924
74,640
60,332
14,307

7,676
3,062
4,614
13,553
75,789
61,474
14,315

7,386
3,047
4,339
12,330
66,088
53,150
12,938

7,034
2,825
4,209
12,019
67,209
54,218
12,991

543
183
359
1,353
7,178
5,997
1,181

530
191
339
1,304
7,187
6,039
1,147

431
147
284
835
3,367
3,004
363

445
159
285
837
3,619
3,264
355

Males, 16 years and over . .

56,619

56,004

50,859

50,399

4,828

4,693

2,879

3,003

4,347
1,822
2,526
7,610
44,661
35,887
8,774

4,140
1,699
2,441
7,295
44,569
35,813
8,756

3,981
1,694
2,287
6,753
40,124
32,110
8,014

3,782
1,561
2,222
6,484
40,132
32,089
8,043

310
107
203
730
3,787
3,147
640

303
115
189
688
3,702
3,098
604

245
90
154
501
2,134
1,891
243

275
98
178
502
2,226
1,988
237

39,991

41,013

34,946

35,863

4,246

4,328

1,752

1,898

3,699
1,450
2,249
6,313
29,979
24,446
5,533

3,536
1,363
2,173
6,257
31,220
25,660
5,559

3,405
1,353
2,052
5,577
25,965
21,040
4,925

3,252
1,264
1,988
5,534
27,077
22,129
4,948

232
76
156
623
3,390
2,850
540

227
77
150
616
3,484
2,941
543

186
56
130
334
1,233
1,113
119

169
62
108
336
1,392
1,274
118

Total, 16 yaars and over . .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years . .
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
26 to 64 years
55 years and over

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

1

See footnote 1, table A-59.

See footnote 2, table A-59.

A-64. Rates of unemployment by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Total
Sex and age

Total, 16 years and over . .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Males, 16 years and over . .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
,
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over . . . . . . .

See footnote 1, table A-59.

84



Hispanic origin3

White

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

5.6

7.2

4.8

6.3

12.3

14.2

7.9

10.0

16.4
19.3
14.2
8.5
3.6

13.8
16.6
11.7
7.1
3.2
3.3
2.6

16.1
18.7
14.3
10.3
4.4
4.8
2.9

40.1
47.0
35.9
19.4
7.5
7.9
5.6

38.6
43.3
35.6
23.1
9.6
10.2
6.4

17.8
24.6
13.7

22.3
26.7
19.5
12.5

2.9

18.3
21.0
16.3
11.8
5.0
5.4
3.2

4.8

7.0

4.1

6.3

11.0

14.1

6.6

9.9

15.3
17.8
13.4
7.8
3.0
3.1
2.8

18.1
20.5
16.4
12.6
4.8
5.2
3.4

13.1
15.4
11.4
6.7
2.6
2.7
2.5

16.4
18.6
14.7
11.6
4.3
4.6
3.0

35.3
42.6
30.6
16.5
6.9
6.9
7.0

35.0
33.5
32.7
21.7
10.1
10.5
8.3

17.2
21.6
14.4

21.9
26.6
19.0
13.1

6.7

7.3

5.7

6.4

13.8

14.2

10.0

10.1

17.6
21.0
15.2
9.4
4.5
4.8
3.0

18.4
21.6
16.3
10.7
5.2
5.6
3.1

14.5
18.0
12.0
7.7
4.0
4.2
2.9

15.9
18.8
13.9
8.7
4.6
5.0
2.9

45.6
52.1
41.8
22.6
8.3
9.0
3.9

42.9
49.2
39.0
24.6
9.0
9.9
4.2

18.4
29.0
12.9
12.2

22.9
26.9
20.3
11.5

3.8

9

See footnote 2. table A-69.

9.8
6.0
6.1
5.7

8.1
4.9
5.0
4.3

8.0
7.9
9.2

7.6
7.8
5.9

7.4
7.4
7.1

7.9
8.3
3.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-66.

Unemployed persona by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin

[In thousands)

Total
• f w W V I WlWiifPifiWy eieWlX

11
1979

II
1980

Total, 16 ytars and ovtr . . . . . . . . .
Lett than 5 wetki
CtoMwtikt
15 weeks and ovtr
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

5,685
2,886
1,506
1*293
752
541

7,485
3,516
2,145
1,824
1,084
740

4,285
2,202
1,135
947

Average (mean) duration, in weeks .
Median duration, in weeks

11.3
A.9

11.5
5.7

100.0
50.8
26.5
22.7
13.2
9.5

100.0
47.0
28.7
24.4
14.5
9.9

II
1979

Hispanic origin1

Black and ottwr

Whit*

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

1Q7Q

II
19?p

II

Duration
1,400

373

5,833
2,747
1,672
1,413
873
540

684
371
345
177
168

1,653
769
473
411
211
200

400
214
108
78
45
33

544
270
156
118
66
51

10.8
4.9

11.3
5.7

12.6
5.3

12.5
5.9

10.2
4.7

11.3
5.1

100.0
51.4
26.5
22.1
13.4
8.7

100.0
47.1
28.7
24.2
15.0
9.3

100.0
48.9
26.5
24.6
12.6
12.0

100.0
46.5
28.6
24.9
12.8
12.1

100.0
53.5
27.0
19.5
11.3
8.3

100.0
49.7
28.7
21.5
12.2
9.5

575

Percent distribution
Total unemployed
Less than 6 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
IS weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

See footnote 2. table A-59.

A-66.

Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment race and Hispanic origin

[Numbers in thousands)

___
Hispanic origin1

Black and other

Total
Reason for u

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

5,686
2,257
678
1,579
785
1,752
892

7,485
3,819
1,519
2,300
838
1,907
• 921

4,285
1,732
551
1,182
654
1,279
620

5,833
3,048
1,273
1,776
677
1,446
661

1,400
525
128
397
131
473
271

1,653
771
246
525
161
461
260

400
188
48
140
55
89
68

544
297
91
207
59
114
73

100.0
39.6
11.9
27.7
13.8
30.8
15.7

100.0
51.0
20.3
30.7
11.2
25.5
12.3

100.0
40.4
12.8
27.6
15.3
29.8
14.5

100.0
52.2
21.8
30.4
11.6
24.8
11.3

100.0
37.5
9.1
28.4
9.3
33.8
19.4

100.0
46.7
14.9
31.8
9.7
27.9
15.7

100.0
47.0
12.0
35.0
13.8
22.3
17.0

100.0
54.8
16.7
38.1
10.8
21.0
13.4

2.2
.7
1.7
.9

3.7
.8
1.8
.9

1.9
.7
1.4
.6

3.3
.7
1.6
.7

4.3
1.1
3.9
2.2

6.2
1.3
3.7
2.1

3.7
1.1
1.8
1.4

5.5
1.1
2.1
1.3

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total, 16 years and ovtr
Job loser*
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

,

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

1

See footnote 2, table A-59.




86

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-67. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Civilian labor force
Unemployed

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Veteran status
and age

Percent
of

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

8,512
579

8,597
365

8,097
533

8,162
334

7,772
48 3

7,659
287

325
50

7,106
2,003
3,591
1,512
827

7,255
1,742
3,589
1,924
977

6,865
1,906
3,485
1,473
699

6,986
1,636
3,481
1,869
842

6,613
1,801
3,371
1,441
676

6,556
1,475
3,294
1,787
816

6,5S8
4,148
3,719

15,363
7,036
4,524
3,803

13,722
6,244
3,947
3#532

14,577
6,646
4,323
3,608

13,263
5,997
3,831
3,436

13,665
6,119
4,081
3,465

II
1979

II
1979

II
1980

5 02
47

4.0
9.3

6.2
14.1

252
105
114
32
24

429
161
186
82
26

3.7
5.5
3.3
2.2
3.4

6.1
9.8
5.4
4.4
3.1

459
247
116
96

912
527
242
143

3.3
4.0
2.9
2.7

6.3
7.9
5.6
4.0

II
1980

VETERANS 1
Total, 20 years and over
20 to 24 years

25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 years and over
NONVETERANS
Total, 25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 t o 39 years

1

Vietnam-era veterans are those who served between August 5, 1964 and May 1975.
Nonveterans are males who have never served in the Armed Forces. Published data are limited
to those 25-39 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era
veteran population.
2

A-68. Employment status of male Vietnam-Era veterans and nonveterans 25 to 39 years by age, race, and
Hispanic origin, quarterly averages, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Veterans1
Employment status

Black and other

Hispanic origin3

Black and other

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

6,420
6,223
6,021
202
3.2

6,531
6,314
5,963
351
5.6

686
641
591
50
7.8

724
672
594
78
11.6

236
228
214
14
6.1

261
243
226
17
7.0

1,791
1,707
1,625
82
A.8

1,525
1,436
1,311
125
8.7

212
199
176
23
11.6

217
200
164
36
18.0

81
79
72
7
8.9

84
70
66
4
5.7

5,760
5,503
5,318
185
3.4

3,268
3,185
3,094
91
2.9

3,257
3,169
3,012
157
5.0

323
300
276
24
8.0

332
312
283
29
9.3

117
112
106
6
5.4

115
112
104
8
7.1

1,361
1,331
1,302
29
2.2

1,749
1,709
1,640
69
4.0

151
142
139
3
2.1

175
160
147
13
8.1

38
37
36
1
(3)

62
61
56
5
8.2

Hispanic origin3

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

1,914
1,697
1,574
123
7.2

2,009
1,780
1,566
214
12.0

1,029
964
915
49
5.1

1,159
1,079
988
91
8.4

6,172
5,882
5,471
411
7.0

837
741
679
62
8.4

864
764
648
116
15.2

441
407
383
24
5.9

494
457
409
48
10.5

3,571
3,431
3,351
80
2.3

3,899
3,760
3,577
183
4.9

577
516
480
36
7.0

625
563
504
59
10.5

302
285
273
12
4.2

368
342
320
22
6.4

3,219
3,092
3,022
70
2.3

3,283
3,155
3,051
104
3.3

500
440
415
25
5.7

520
453
414
39
8.6

286
272
259
13
4.8

297
280
259
21
7.5

II
1979

II
1980

Total, 25 to 39 years:
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

12,550 13,354
12,026 12,797
11,691 12,099
698
335
5.5
2.8

2b to 29 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
30 to 34 yean
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
36 to 39 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
LJocm ployed
Unemployment rate . . . . .
See footnote 1. table A-67.
See footnote 2, table A-59.

86




Percent not shown where base is less than 60,000.
N.A.»Not available.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES

A-69. Employment status of the population In metropolitan and nonmetropolhan areas by sex, age, and race
(Numbws in thquwndl)
Nonmetropolitan areas

Metropolitan areas
Employment ststus

Total

II
1979r

Central cities

II

Suburbs
IT
II
1979r
1980

Nonfarm

Total
IQftn

II
1979r

II
1980

II
197Qr

46,193 63,777 65,230 51,297
28,914 42,169 43,237 31,449
62.6
66.1
66.3
61.3
26,490 40,136 40,541 29,775
2,424
2,033
2,696
1,674
8.4
4.8
6.2
5.3
17,280 21,609 21,993 19,848

52,381
32,351
61.8
29,986
2,365
7.3
20,029

4,517
2,899
64.2
2,834
65
2.2
1,618

4,531
2,908
64.2
2,826
82
2.8
1,623

46,780
28,550
61.0
26,941
1,609
5.6
18,230

47,850
29,443
61.5
27,160
2,283
7.8
18,406

19,191
14,866
77.5
13,772
1,093
7.4
4,324

2,071
1,732
83.6
1,709
23
1.3
339

2,071
1,687
81.4
1,659
28
1.7
385

19,810
15,266
77.1
14,708
558
3.7
4,543

20,284
15,644
77.1
14,624
1,021
6.5
4,639

1,935
892
46.1
867
25
2.8
1,043

22,218
10,503
47.3
9,904
599
5.7
11,715

22,762
11,026
48.4
10,279
747
6.8
11,736

II
1979

II
1Q80

46,107
28,676
62.2
26,697
1,979
6.9
17,431

II
1979r

II

II

Total
Civilian noninstitutional population . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

L09,884 111,424
70,845 72,151
64.5
64.8
66,833 67,031
4,012
5,120
5.7
7.1
39,040 39,273

Males, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

46,242
37,314
80.7
35,854
1,460
3.9
8,928

47,074 18,935
37,858 14,720
80.4
77.7
35,581 13,958
2,276
761
6.0
5.2
9,217
4,215

27,307
22,594
82.7
21,896
699
3.1
4,713

82.5

77.7

21 ,809
1 ,182
5.1
4 ,893

16 ,417
581
3.4
4 ,882

22,355
17,331
77.5
16,283
1,049
6.1
5,024

52,551 53,397 22,666 22,674 29,885
27,024 28,004 11,551 11,761 15,473
51.4
52.4
51.0
51.9
51.8
25,577 26,331 10,828 10,949 14,749
1,447
1,673
724
811
723
5.4
6.0
6.3
6.9
4.7
25,527 25,393 11,115 10,914 14,412

30,723
16,244
52.9
15,382
862
5.3
14,479

24,119
11,337
47.0
10,713
624
5.5
12,782

24,697 1,901
11,918
834
48.3
43.9
11,146
809
772
25
3.0
6.5
12,779 1,067

6,624
4,002
60.4
3,350
652
16.3
2,622

5,298
3,114
58.8
2,644
470
15.1
2,184

5,328
3,102
58.2
2,557
545
17.6
2,227

545
333
61.2
316
17
5.1
211

525
329
62.8
300
29
8.8
195

4,753
2,781
58.5
2,328
453
16.3
1,973

4,803
2,773
57.7
2,257
516
18.6
2,032

46,766
28,839
61.7
27,456
1,384
4.8
17,927

47,793
29,699
62.1
27,688
2,012
6.8
18,094

4,267
2,763
64.8
2,705
59
2.1
1,504

4,267
2,777
65.1
2,703
73
2.6
1,490

42,499
26,076
61.4
24,751
1,325
5.1
16,423

43,526
26,922
61.9
24,985
1,939
7.2
16,604

4,531
2,610
57.6
2,319
291
11.1
1,921

4,588
2,652
57.8
2,298
354
13.3
1,936

250
136
54.2
129
6
4.7
114

264
131
49.7
122
9
6.9
133

4,281
2,474
57.8
2,190
285
11.5
1,807

4,324
2,521
58.3
2,176
345
13.7
1,803

27 ,884
22 ,992

21 ,881
16 ,998

Females, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

10,952
6,289
57.4
5,119
1,170
18.6
4,663

4,506
2,406
53.4
1,912
494
20.5
2,100

94,564 95,614
61,250 62,395
64.8
65.3
58,348 58,574
2,902
3,821
4.7
6.1
33,314 33,219

35,333
22,175
62.8
21,020
1,156
5.2
13,158

35,102 59,231 60,512
22,315 39,075 40,081
63.6
66.0
66.2
20,853 37,327 37,721
1,461
1,746
2,359
6.5
4.5
5.9
12,789 20,156 20,431

15,320
9,595
62.6
8,485
1,110
11.6
5,725

10,774
6,502
60.3
5,679
823
12.7
4,273

11,090
6,599
59.5
5,638
962
14.6
4,491

11,091
6,507
58.7
5,402
1,105
17.0
4,584

4,328
2,286
52.8
1,768
518
22.7
2,042

6,584
4,101
62.3
3,490
611
14.9
2,484

White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

..

Black and other
Civilian noninstitutional population . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

15,809
9,756
61.7
8,457
1,299
13.3
6,053

4,547
3,093
68.0
2,807
286
9.2
1,452

4,719
3,157
66.9
2,821
337
10.7
1,562

r= revised




87

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-70.

Employment status of the population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race

(Number in thousands)
Nonmetropolitan areas

Metropolitan a

Total United States
Poverty

Employment status

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

II
1979

II
1980

99,009 100,208
64,996 66,175
65.6
66.0
61,638 61,858
3,358
4,317
5.2
6.5
34,013 34,033

17,815
10,193
57.2
9,603
591
5.8
7,621

18,039
10,323
57.2
9,526
797
7*7
7,716

33,482
21,255
63.5
20,172
1,084
5.1
12,227

34,342
22,029
64.1
20,460
1,569
7.1
12,313

II
1979

II
1980

Total
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Not in labor force

28,690
16,042
55.9
14,798
1,245
7.8
12,648

29,254 132,491 134,550
16,299 86,251 88,204
55.7
65.1
65.5
14,699 81,810 82,318
1,600
4,441
5,885
9.8
5.1
6.7
12,955 46,240 46,346

10,875
5,849
53.8
5,195
654
11.2
5,027

11,215
5,976
53.3
5,173
803
13.4
5,239

20,279
11,593
57.2
10,962
631
5.4
8,686

20,744 121,051 122,664
11,911 78,496 80,184
65.4
57.4
64.8
11,012 74,841 75,249
3,654
4,934
898
4.7
6.2
7.5
8,833 42,555 42,480

5,492
3,018
55.0
2,795
223
7.4
2,474

5,748
3,209
55.8
2,881
327
10.2
2,540

89*072
58,232
65.4
55,552
2,679
4.6
30,840

89,866
59,186
65.9
55,693
3,494
5.9
30,680

14,787
8,575
58.0
8,167
408
4.8
6,212

14,995
8,702
58.0
8,131
571
6.6
6,293

31,979
20,264
63.4
19,289
975
4.8
11,715

32,798
20,977
64.0
19,557
1,440
6.9
11,801

11,886
8,020
67.5
7,069
951
11.9
3,866

5,384
2,831
52.6
2,400
431
15.2
2,553

5,467
2,768
50.6
2,292
476
17.2
2,700

9,937
6,764
68.1
6,086
678
10.0
3,172

10,342
6,988
67.6
6,165
823
11.8
3,354

3,027
1,619
53.5
1,436
182
11.3
1,409

3,043
1,620
53.2
1,394
226
13.9
1,423

1,503
991
65.9
883
108
10.9
512

1,544
1,032
66.8
904
128
12.4
513

White
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Not in labor force
Black and other

Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

8,411
4,449
52.9
3,836
614
13.8
3,962

8,510
4,388
51.6
3,687
701
16.0
4,123

11,440
7,756
67.8
6,969
787
10.1
3,684

A-71. Unemployment rates for selected labor force groups in poverty and nonpoverty area* by sex, age, and race
Metropolitan areas

Total United States
Poverty
areas

Sex, age, and race

areas

II

Nonmetrop ttlitan areas

Nan poverty

Poverty
areas

Poverty
areas

areas

areas

II

II

1979

1980

11
1979

7.8
5.1
7.9
22.1

9.8
8.2
8.7
23.7

5.1
3.5
4.9
15.3

6.7
5.6
5.7
17.2

11.2
8.0
10.5
31.2

13.4
11.6
11.3
33.9

5.2
3.6
4.9
15.7

6.5
S.5

5.5
17.2

5.8
3.6
6.1
17.0

7.7
6.4
6.9
18.4

5.1
3.3
5.2
14.2

7.1
5.9
6.3
17.2

5.4
3.9
5.8
13.7

7.5
6.6
6.3
18.0

4.7
3.1
4.5
13.8

6.2
5.2
5.2
15.8

7.4
5.9
7.8
15.4

10.2
9.2
8.6
23.5

4.6
3.1
4.3
14.0

5.9
5.0
4.9
15.6

4.8
3.2
5.0
13.2

6.6
5.6
5.5
16.2

4.8
3.2
4.9
13.3

6.9
5.7
6.1
16.4

13.8
9.0
12.4
41.1

16.0
13.5
13.8
39.9

10.1
7.5
8.9
34.5

11.9
10.4
9.7
33.7

15.2
10.8
12.9
44.9

17.2
15.0
13.8
45.2

10.0
7.7
8.6
34.9

11.8
10.4
9.7
33.5

11.3
6.3
11.2
34.7

13.9
11.0
13.8
30.9

10.9
6.4
10.6
32.3

12.4
10.2
10.3
34.3

1980

ii
197?

n
X980

II
1979

^980

ii

II

II

II

1979

1980

1979

1980

Total
Both sexes, 16 years and over
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over . . . .
Both sexes, 16-19 years
White
Both sexes, 16 years and over . . . .
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over . . . .
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Black and other
Both sexes, 16 years and over . . . .
Males, 20 years and over . . . . . .
Females, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years

88



HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES

A-72.

Unemployed persons by family relationship end presence of employed family members

(Numbers in thousands)

II
1980

II
1Q7Q

Percent of unemployed:

Perctnt of unemployed:
Familv
Tot»l

With at least
With at least one person in
one employed family em*
ployed full
family
time

With no

family

Unemployed, in families1
Husbands2
Wives
Relatives in husband-wife families , . .
Women who head families
Relatives of female heads
Unemployed, not in families3

With no
employed
person in
family

With at least
With at least one person in
one employed family emperson in
ployed full
family
time

I

TOTAL
Unemployed, total

Total

5,685
4,917
1,705
4C5
735
768

37.7
28.0

81
:
8.9
83.0
34.0

62.3
72.0
51.5
86.2
91.1
17.0
66.0

56.1
64.9
40.3
80.9
86.8
11.4
54.4

7,485
6,383
1,734
1^252
2,113
418
866
.1,102

40.1
29.8
46.8
15.9
11.9
80.9
34.6

59.9
70.2

19.1
65.4

52.9
62.0
40.9*
77.4
82.8
13.6
54.4

.5,833
4,987
1,455
1,057
1,747
247
481
846

38.0
27.5
47.9
14.2
11.2
77.3
28.7

62.0
72.5
52.1
85.8
88.8
22.7
71.3

55.1
64.4
39.7
79.2
83.9
16.6
60.3

1,489
1,257
242
161
322
161
371
232

48.0
38.4
38.8
24.8
15.5
87.6
42.6

52.0
61.6
61.2
75.2
84.5
12.4
57.4

44.7
52.9
49.2
67.7
77.6
8.1
46.9

53.2
84.1
88.1

White
Unemployed, total
Unemployed, in families'
Husbands2
Wives
Relatives in husband-wife families . . .
Women who head families
Relatives of female heads
Unemployed, not in families3

4,285
3,702
847
877
1,367
229
382
583

35.1
24.9
48.6
13.3
7.5
76.4
30.4

64.9
75.1
51.4
86.7
92.5
23.6
69.6

58.9
68.2
39.6
81.8
88.4

,277
,112
157
158
302
170
325
165

46.3
38.3
47.8
17.7
13.9
91.8
38.5

53.7
61.7
52.2
82.3
86.1
8.2
61.5

46.8
53.7
43.9
74.7
80.5
5.3
48.6

15.7
59.2

Black4
Unemployed, total
Unemployed, in families'
Husbands2
Wives
Relatives in husband-wife families . . ,
Women who head families
Relatives of female heads
Unemployed, not in families3

In primary families only.
Includes a small number of single, separated, widowed, or divorced men who head
families.
2




3

Includes unrelated individuals and persons in secondary families.
According to the 1970 Census, black workers comprised about 89 percent of the
"black and other" population group.
4

89

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-73. Employed persons by family relationship and presence of additional employed family members
(Numbers in thousands)
II
1979

il
1980
Percent of employed:

Percent of employed:
Family relationship
Total

With no other With another
employed per- employed- per
dper
son in family son in family

With another
person in
family employed full
time

Total

With another
With no other With another
person in
employed per- employed per- family emson in family son in family ployed full
time

TOTAL
Employed, total

97,017

37.9

62.1

82,532
39,091
22,660
12,603

27.0
39.0
9.3
6.4

73.0
61.0
90.7
93.6

52.9
62.2
44.4
85.8
89.5

23.7
63.4

4,677
3,501
14,485

66.7
27.9

33.3
72.1

23.2
61.5

62.8

53.9

86,262

37.4

62.6

53.2

73.2
59.7
92.0
94.1

62.8
43.4
88.1
90.9

73,590
35,687
20,331
11,422

26.6
39.4
6.2

73.4
60.6
91.2
93.8

62.3
43.5
86.5
89.9

63.6
27.1

36.4
72.9

25.3
63.9

3,467
2,683
12,672

64.7
28.4

35.3
71.6

24.4
61.5

96,610
82,645
39,740
22,017
12,914

37.7

Employed, in families 1
Husbands2
,..
Wives
Relatives in husband-wife families .

27.2
39.9
8.4
6.1

62.3
72.8
60.1
91.6
93.9

53.6
62.7
44.2
87.6
90.6

Women who head families
Relatives of female heads .
Employed, not in families3 .

4,561
3,413
13,965

66.2
27.4

33.8
72.6

85,805

37.2

73,564
j 36,127
19,700
11,729

26.8
40.3
8.0
5.9

3,370
2,638
12,241

Employed, total
Employed, in families
Husbands2
Wv s ,
ie
Relatives in husband-wife families
Women who head families .
Relatives of female heads ,
Employed, not in families 3 ..

8.8

Black4
9,074

42.9

57.1

50.6

9,021

43.6

56.4

49.0

Employed, in families 1
Husbands2
Wives
Relatives in husband-wife families ,

7,627
2,977
1,887
952

32.0
36.6
12.9
8.4

68.0
63.4
87.1
91.6

60.2
53.0
82.5
86.3

7,464
2,798
1,870
914

31.8
35.0
14.7
10.0

68.2
65.0
85.3
90.0

59.2
53.6
79.3
83.6

Women who head families
Relatives of female heads
Employed, not in families 3 .

1,097
714
3,188

74.8
29.3

25.2
70.7

18.2
60.6

1,128
754
1,557

73.2
26.9

26.8
73.1

19.0
60.6

Employed, total

See footnote 1, table A-72
See footnote 2. table A-72.

90



See footnote 3, table A-72.
See footnote 4, table A-72.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonagricuttural payrolls by industry division. 1920 to date

Transportation

Wholesale and retail trade

Mining

Finance,
insurance,

public

1920
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930

27,340
28,766
29,806
29,962
29,986
31,324
29,409
26,635

1937
1938
1939
1940
1941

1942
1943
1944
1945

1946

1947
1948
1949
1950
1951

1952
1953

863
1,461
1,570
1,623
1,621
1,512
1,387
1,229

8, 647
731
8, 965
744
10,261
883
10,893
897
11,933
946
12,936 1,015
11,401
891
12,297
854
13,221
925
15, 963
957

985
824
877
927
1,160
1,127
1,070
1,165
1,311
1,814

40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754
45,197
47,819

1932
1933
1934
1935
1936

1,239
1,089
1,185
1,114
1,050
1,087
1,009
873

23,615
23,699
25r940
27,039
29,068
31,011
29,194
30,603
32,361
36,53S

1931

12,760
12, 489
12,911
12,738
12,618
13, 301
11,958
10,272

18,470
20, 114
19,328
17, 507
17, 248
1.8, 509
18. 774
17, 565
18, 506
19,959

992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930
901
929

48,793 20, 198

1956
.1957
'1958
1959J

1960
1961
1962
1963.
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973

1974

1975

1976,..
1977
1978
1979,...
1979:
JUV.......
JtJL.......
AUG
SEP*......
OCT.......
HOT
DEC.......

3,998
3,826
3,942
3,895
3,828
3,916
3,685
3,254

4,467
5,576
5,784
5,908
5,874
6,123
5,797
5,284

1,160
1,218
1,290
1,352
1,420
1,494
1,460
1,392

2,352
2,857
3,033
3,154
3,251
3,425
3,361
3,169

2,603
2,800
2,846
2,915
2,995
3,065
3,148
3,264

533
526
560

2,532
2,622
2,704

6,931 14,996
7,397 14,761

10,278
10,985
13,192

15,707
16,175
17,164
18,105
17,823
16,544
17,304
18,615

2,816
2,672
2,750
2,786
2,973
3,134
2,863
2,936
3,038
3,274

4,683
4,755
5,281
5,431
5,809
6,265
6,179
6,426
6,750
7,210

1,762
1,835
1,960

4,664
4,914
5,251

1,326
1,280
1,304
1,320
1,373
1,417
1,410
1,447
1,485
1,525

2,918
2, 86'1
3,045
3,128
3,312
31503
3,458
3,502
3,665
3,905

3,225
3,166
3,299
3,481
3,668
3,756
3,883
3,995
4,202
4,660

559
565
652
753
826
833
829
905
996
1,340

2,666
2,601
2,647
2,728
2,842
2,923
3,054
3,090
3,206
3,320

2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194
2,364
2,637

15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441
15,241
16,393

19,730
20,498
20,692
20,920
22,112
25,348
26,092
26,189
26,690
27,861

3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001
4,034
4,226

7,118
6,982
7,058
7,314
8,376
8,955
9,272
9,264
9,386
9,742

1,906
1,822
1,845
1,949
2,291
2,471
2,605
2,602
2,635
2,727

5,212
5,160
5,214
5,365
6,084
6,485
6,667
6,662
6,751
7,015

1,509
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828
1,888
1,956

4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,240
5,357
5,547

5,483
6,080
6,043
5,944
5,595
5,474
5,650
5,856
6,026
6,389

2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908
1,928
2,302

3,270
3, 175
3,116
3,137
3,341
3,582
3,787
3,948
4,098
4,087

2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004
2,926
2,859

16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675
16,796
16,326

28,595 4,248 10,004
29,127 4,290 10,247
29,238 4,084 10,235
30,128 4,141 10,535
31,264 4,244 10,858
31,888 4,241 10,886
31,810 3,976 10,750
32,858 4,011 11,127
33,756 4,004 11,391
34,142 3,903 11,337

2,812
2,854
2,867
2,926
3,018
3,028
2,980
3,082
3, 143
3,133

7,192
7,393
7,368
7,610.
7,840
7,858
7,770
8,045
8,248
8,204

2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549
2,629
2,688

5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087
7,378
7,620

6,609
6,645
6,751
6,914
7,278
7,616
7,839
8,083
8,353
8,594

2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233
2,270
2,279

4,188
4,340
4,563
4,727
5,069
5,399
5,648
5,850
6,083
6,315

8,368
8,530
8,823
9,250
9,648
9,917
10,320
10,798
11,047
11,351

14,573
15,066

2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512
3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4.271
4,467
4,724
4,974

7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169
11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14.551
15,303
16,252
17,078

8,890
9,225
9,596
10,074
10,784
11,391
11,839
12,195
12,554
12,881
13,334
13,732
14,170
14,686
14.871
15,127
15,672
15,920

2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758
2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2.733
2,727
2,753
2,773

6,550
6,868
7,248
7,696
8,220
8,672
9,102
9,437
9,823
10,185
10,649
11,068
11,446
11,937
12,138
12,399
12,919
13,147

8,501
9,069
9,827
10,794

9,440

48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268
54,189
53,999

19,751
20, 513
21, 104
20, 964
19,513
20,411
20, 434
19,857

55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384
70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
B2,*71
86,697
89,886

20,451
20, 640
21, 005
21,926
23, 158
23,308,
23,737
24,362
23,577
22,935
23,668
24,893
24*794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,504

650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619
623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
960

2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575
3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,483

16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167
19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,062

35,098
36,014
37,277
38,838
40,744
42,496
44,158
46,022
47,302
48,276
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,382

3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442
4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,141

11,566
11,778
12,160
12,716
13,245
13,606
14,099
14,705
15,040
15,352
15,949
16,607
16,987
17,060
17,755
18,516
19,542
20,269

3,19 8
3,248
3,337
3,466
3,597
3,689
3,779
3,907
3,993
4,001
4,113
4,277
4,433
4,415
4.546
4,708
4,969
5,204

90,914
90,018
90.093
90,629
91,062
91,288
91,394

27,010
26,846
26,948
27,079
26,969
26,7 39
26,508

971
979
989
983
984
986
985

4,708
4,813
4,863
4,801
4,792
4,698
4,536

21,331
21,054
21,096
21,295
21, 193
21,055
20,987

63,904
63,172
63, 145
63,550
64,093
64,549
64,886

5,219
5,187
5,197
5,229
5,233
5,243
5,240

20,321
20,254
20,296
20,425
20,474
20,756
21,114

5,245
5,243
5,243
5,239
5,266
5,282
5,264

15,076
15,011
15,053
15,186
15,208
15,474
15,850

5,019
5,048
5,068
5,015
5,025
5,039
5,047

17,265
17,324
17,315
17,238
17,297
17,284
17,271

16,080
15,359
15,269
15,643
16,064
16,227
16,214

2,824
2 ,838
2,844
2,751
2,756
2,760
2,770

13,256
12,521
12,425
12,892
13,308
13,467
13,444

B9,630
B9,781
JO,316
90,761
90,988
91,090

25,953
25,826
25,939
25,850
25,752
25,805

982
987
996
1,006
1,024
1,040

4,194
4,109
4,150
4,311
4,477
4,609

20,777
20,730
20, 793
20,533
20,251
20, 156

63,677
63,955
64,377
64,911
65,236
65,285

5, 136
5,130
5,143
5,147
5,162
5,194

20,325 5,241 15,084
20,155 5,250 14,905
20,226 5,269 14,957
20,373 5,265 15,108
20,506 5,263 15,243
20,525 5,283 15,242

5,052
5,061
5,085
5,104
5,139
5,205

17,135
17,317
17,478
17,636
17,756
17,812

16,029 2,763
16,292 2,803
16,445 2,869
16,651 3,103
16,673 3,097
16,549 3,121

13,266
13,489
13,576
13,548
13,576
13,428

1980s
JAI
FEB.......
BAR
,..
APS
BATP . . . . .
JUN.P • • • •

14,605
16,304
16,923
17,253
17,397
18,053
17,481
16,392

898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732
712
672

. . . 50,202 21, 074

1954
1955

10,658
9,939
10,156
10,001
9,947
10,702
9,562
8,170

1
Data include Altska and Hawaii beginning 1959. This inclusion has resulted in an increase of
212,000(0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 1959 benchmark month.

p=preliminary.




11,836
12,329

12,554
12,645
13.209
13,808

NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, data beginning in 1977 may differ from data published earlier. See article in this issue for additional information.

91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
[In thousand!]
M l «JM|MU|*W

1972
SIC
Hay

1979

Jun«
1979

Ipr.
1980

Ha*

1980?

90,914

$0,761

90,988

74,834

74., 110

74,315

74,541
1,040

947

971

1,006

1,024

102.2
24.9
33.3

103.3
22.3
35.0

105.3
22.7
35.7

COAL MINING
BITUMINOUS COAL A N D LIGNITE MINING

262.8
259.6

264.5
261.3

263*3
260.1

476.1

138

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas
liquids
Oil and gas field services

460.7
192.7
268.0

200.5
275.6

14
142
144
147

NONMETALLIC MINERALS. EXCEPT FUELS . . . .
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals

124.6
42.4
38.7
24.3
4,500

METAL MINING

11.12
12

Iron ores
Copper ores

CONSTRUCTION
GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

16
161
162

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing, heating, air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work
MANUFACTURING

24. 25,
32-39
20-23.
26-31

DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS

1979

Jane
1979

1980

198CP

Jane .
1980 p

60,46$

61,242

60,311

60,466

60,617

764

Hay

91,090

73,919

98.8
24.4
32.1

MINING
10
101
102

15
152
153
154

P

90,081

TOTAL
PRIVATE SECTOR

13
131.2

June
1980

712

729

750

-

75.6
19.6
24.7

78.4
20.0
25.6

78.4
17.3
27.2

79.9
17.8
27.7

258.5
255.3

218.9

220.1

-

216.0

217,3

219.2
216.3

213.4
210.6

-

520*2

537.2

-

317.8

328.1

359.2

374.6

-

209.9
310.3

213.8
323.4

-

91.7
226.1

95.3
232,8

96.8
262.4

99.4
275.2

128.4
43:3
40.9
24.7

119.4
39.6
35.1
25.2

122.8

99.6
35.9
-

102.4
36,6

93,5
32.8

96.2

4,708

4,3)1

4,477

3,606

3,793

3,369

3,530

997.7 1,056*2
506,7
481.8
56.1
60,4
489*1
459.8

891.7
388,4
43,1
460.2

934.3
414.7
41.4
478.2

-

793,0
258.6
534.4

677.9
201.4
476.5

740.7
246.3
494,4

•
-

40.3
37.5
25.4

1,278.9 1,345.8 1,172.3 1,214.9
537.4
563.9
663.3
631.5
69.9
71.7
91.1
85.6
581*1
563,2
591.4
561.8
949.3 1,015.2
331*0
297.9
684.2
651.4

848*4
241*4
607.0

512.5
287.0
625*5

2,271.5 2,346.5 2,290.0 2,349.5
556*4
542.8
555.9
560.9
159.0
150.8
161.1
148.8
413.5
410.7
401.1
389.0
379.8
374.0
375.6
365.4
119.7
116.0
132.2
130.1
169.0
172.4
164.91
172.3

•
-

4,609
—
-

-

•
-

-

855,3
290*0
565*3

-

772
—

<
*

<
•
>

33.4
-

1,815.6 1,881,6 1,799.4 1,855.2
423.5
415.8
419,0
411.6
125.6
125.6
134.1
136,1
304.9
314,6
319.4
315.9
317.9
328*7
327.0
322,2
66,4
103*1
101*3
89.6
133*9
139,9
138.9
136.2

3,648

-

21,079

21,331

20,533

20, 251

20,156

15,141

15,328

14,466

14,170

14,087

12,824

12,965

12,414

12, 153

12,022

9,201

9,299

8,672

8,410

8,285

8,255

8,366

8,119

8,098

8,134

5,940

6,029

5,794

5,760

5,802

771.6
84.9
237.6
197.0
34.0
229.6
78.4
54.5
28.6
50.2
48.5
86.0
58.8
85.0

791.3
92.8
243.8
202*4
34.3
231,4
77.8
55.5
28.5
51.0
48.6
89.0
60.8
85.7

678.4
77.2
212.0
174.4
30.6
194*7
67.3
47*0
26.9
39.2
44,4

656.8
79.3
205.1
167.8

666.4

658.4
69.4
212.4
176.6

567.0
62.6
187,5
154,4

62,0

71*5

546.6
64.9
180,7
148.0
26.0
151.3
48.7
37.8
22.4
32.8
37.9
45.4
33.1
66.4

557.2

67.2

676.9
77*4
218.4
181.9
30*1
195*0
63*4
46*9
25.4
44.5
42*8
71.2
50.6
72*1

495.1
328.5
148.2
101.0
31.8
31.5
48.9
26.2
63.8
27.7

496.1
328.8
148*7
102.1
30.8

488.7
320.5
144.5
99.0
31.7
29*8
50.8
25.9
63.7
27.8

401*7
275*9
12$* 1
83.4
25*3
24*3
39*1
19.9
48*0
18.8

403*7
277*1
129*9
84.6
24.6
24*7
38*6
19.8
49*6
18,6

396,8
270.4
125.7
82,3
26*0
22.8
39.9
19.2
48.0

376,8
256.6
122.4
77.3
23.3
20.4
38.7
18.2
44.6
18.7

363,6

DURABLE GOODS

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and badsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wooden containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
M0D1I6noni0s . . « . • •
••«•••
Miscellaneous wood products

S M footnotes at end of table.

92




31.9
48.6

26.1
65.5
27.1

48.3
82.9

30,0

186*1
62.4
45.9
25.6
38.5
43*9
43.7
80.4

468.5
307.1
141.2

94.1
29.2
27.4
49.5
24.6
60*2
27*1

•
-.

-

455*4
mm

29.8
193.5

64,1
46,0
25*6
43.. 6
42.9
68*7
48*9

26.6
159.3
53.4
38.9
23.7
33.2
38,5
50.3
37.8
68.8

19,3

-

- **

•

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagrlcuttural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands)

1f72
SIC
Way
1979

Jane
1979

ipr*
1980

Ha

1980

p

June
1980

p

662.7

Hay

1979

Jane
1979

ipr.
1980

Hay

1980

p

Jane
1980 P

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3298

STONE. CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS
Flatglass
Glass and gltsswart, pressed or blown
Glass container*
Pressed sno Wown QIMS, n9c . • • . • • • • . « . • • •
Product! of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural day product*
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel product*
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonftrrous founclri0$
***
•••••
Aluminum foundries

1,265.1 1,281.1 1,193.8 1,148.8 1,107.7
•
575.8
585.5
538.6
519.1
_
482.9
491*2
451.0
435.9
29.1
27.6
31.0
31.1
217.4
208.8
246.1
247.9
153.4
127.5
121.9
152.1
17.1
22.3
17.9
22.1
59.7
59.1
57*4
60*3
71.4
71.7
71.3
72.6
36.1
36.3
36*5
37*0
220.7
208*8
218c 2
223.2
34.8
32.5
29« 6
35.5
37.3
37.0
36.9
37.8
89.7
90.8
85.5
90.2
100.9
95.6
89.2
100.7
51.9
58.6
56.0
58.5

34
341
3411
342
3423.5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated pla.te work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and acessories, nee
Ammunition, exc. for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

1,725.7 1,746.8 1,671.4 1,621.4 1,588.4 1,308.0 1,325*8 1,246.5 1,198.3 1,170.9
81.7
78.5
77.6
69.6
70.4
65.5
• 82.7
66.3
•
•
67.2
64.1
63.2
57.6
58.1
53.6
67.9
54.4
186.7
166.8
125.9
145.9
146.6
174,. 9
187.7
133*9
64.6
62.2
59*6
51.0
51*8
45.7
65*7
48.4
_
106.4
97.1
91.9
83.5
68.8
83,3
106.3
74.0
74.0
69.9
56*3
74.8
55.1
49.5
76.2
53.8
—
—
28.3
27*5
25.6
23.1
23.6
20.4
28.7
22.4
35.4
33.6
23.8
21.8
24*5
35.0
35.9
23.8
•
518.1
519.0
510.2
363.5
373.0
351.1
528.4
359.4
102.5
108.2
74.0
75.9
77.6
107.5
105.0
77.9
—
84.7
81.2
75.6
62.7
53*9
87*9
65.8
59.0
149.4
S7.0
97.5
94.0
150.0
148.6
150.4
93.6
111.0
111.3
109.1
81.3
83.8
79.2
113.4
81.2
30.8
32.3
31.9
22.3
22.7
22.4
31.3
23.2
•
116.1
114.9
111.3
91.4
92.6
86.4
117*3
90.0
54.0
52.5
45.2
45.7
42.9
54.5
55.0
44.5
61.6
60.9
58.8
46.2
46.9
43.5
62.3
45.5
275.4
261.4
253*5
253.5
204.1
312.5
313.6
217.6
55*3
52.6
47.4
47.2
40.6
59.3
59.5
43.2
102.9
66.8
83.9
101.6
90*0
122.0
120.9
72.6
120.1
118*6
113.4
94.6
96.1
87.7
122.1
92.8
111.1
107.9
89.0
90*6
86.6
109.0
110.3
90.2
_
72.4
62.0
62.4
58.7
74.9
74.0
75.3
60.5
37.1
27.9
35.5
27.0
28.2
34.1
35.0
29.7
•
64.4
61.8
61.6
44.7
45.1
41.5
65.1
41.6
19.7
18.4
28.2
27.6
27.3
19.5
28.5
18.7
262.4
261.8
254.7
195.3
197.7
187.7
265.5
193.7
107.0
104.9
73.3
73.7
72.2
104.9
105.8
73.8
53.5
43.5
41.8
55.0
55.3
42.3
56.1
43.7

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
363
3531

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sett
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery

2,483.3 2,511*4 2,523.5 2,506.8 2,478.7 1,640.6 1,655.7 1,63 8.6 1,619.7 1,594.0
144.0
137.7
138.3
94.7
99*6
89.6
150.9
90.1
41.3
39.5
39.6
21.4
21.2
20.2
41.3
20.2
_
102.7
98.2
98.7
73.3
78*. 4
69.4
109.6
69.9
186.4
170.6
175.8
122.5
132.9
133.2
187.8
117.5
162.7
148.5
156.3
116.4
116.4
109.6
164.2
102.0
_
397.1
264. 5
400.5
266.0
261.6
395.3
399.3
264.3
_
172.5
162.8
159.8
117.9
117.7
107.6
173.1
109.8

717.5
20.6
133.5
75.5
58.0
46.1
32.9
52.6
47.5
220.2
24.6
72 .£
100.9
151.1
29.9
23.0
32.8

732.. 0
20.5
134.6
75.9
58.7
47.5
33.7
53.6
48.1
227.0
24.9
74.6
104.9
153.8
30.3
23.3
33.6

675.5
17.6
128.4
69.4
59.0
45.9
31.8
46.8
47.1
199.6
21,4
65.7
91*4
145.8
30.0
20.5
32.4

667.7
16.7
128.1
69.3
58.8
44.5
31.6
44.7
45.3
204.8
21.6
66.1
96.4
139.6
29*6
18.2
31.2

-

-

567. 2
16.3
114.6
66.5
48.1
33.2
26.4
41.0
40.2
172. 1
17.6
55.1
81.3
112.9
20.4
17.7
-

580*9
16.0
115.4
66*8
48.6
35.1
27.2
42*0
40.4
178.9
17*9
57.4
85.0
115.3
20.8
^18.2
-

999.0 1,011.9
457.4
465.0
384.9
391.3
24*6
24.6
203*3
201.2
126.5
127.9
18.1
17.7
47.7
48.4
55.4
56.5
29.2
29.8
164.4
162.6
27.5
28.1
28*6
29*0
66.9
67,0
83*8
83.5
49.3
49*3

526.3
13.5
109.4
60.8
48.6
33.9
25.4
35.2
39.1
152.8
14.7
49.4
71.6
106*8
20.4
15.7
-

926.3
42C.6
353.4
22.4
175.4
104.6
13*9
47.0
54.4
28.6
158.3
24.8
28.3
66.4
77.3
46.2

517.9
12.5
108.8
60.7
48.1
31.9
25.2
33.6
37.4
158*0
15.0
49.7
76.6
100.4
19.8
13.5
-

881.3
401.3
338.4
21.0
166.7
99.0
13.0
45.4
54.8
28.7
148.5
21.9
28.1
60,8
71.0
42.0

513.5
-

843.7
—
•
—
-

See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricuttural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
Production workers
1972
SIC
Code

3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564

3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585

359
3592

36
361
3612
3613

362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661

3662
367
3671-3

3674
3679

369
3691

37
371
3711
3713

3714
3715,6
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761

Hay
1979

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL—Continued
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyers and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
,
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee
ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT . . . .
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication e q u i p m e n t . . . .
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers and motor homes
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles

See footnotes at end of table.

94




34.0
84.6
32.8
38.8
364.8
76.0
26.8
136.6
67.2
32.6
204.3
46.6
26.6
36.8
326.3
64.5
56.7
31.9
42.4
26.2
25.5
387.2
310.1
194.0
135.0
281.0
43.0
238.0

Jane
1979

34.4
85.7
33.3
39.6
370.3
77.2
27.2
138.1
68.8
33.2
206.4
46.8
27.1
37.3
327.9
64.0
57.4
31.9
42.2
26.6
25.7
394.0
316.3
190.8
131.5
284.0
43.3
240.7

Apr.
1980

35.3
93.0
33 f 2
40.2
380.6
81.0
28.2
136.2
72.9
36.7
211.5
47.8
28.2
39*6
329.9
63.3
59.6
31.5
43.0
26.8
24.3
423.8
346.5
179.1
120.6
289.8
41.7
248.1

Hay
1980 P

34.9
94.5
33.4
38.8
375-8
81.5
27.7
134-3
72-2
34.8
209.8
47.9
27.7
39.4
323.9
62.7
57.6
31.2
42.0
26.5
23.8
426.3
348.6
173.4
115-6
286.4
40.7
245.7

June
1980 P

Hay
1979

21.6
58.3
20.1
27.0
269.6
51.0
17.6
110.2
48-5
24.8
131.4
30.0
18.9
22.3
216.6
39.4
43.3
18.7
27.4
17-9
18.7
172.6
127.1
139.6
98.8
218.4
34.4
184.0

Jane
1979

21-8
58.5
20.2
27-4
273.4
51.2
17.9
111.4
49.9
25.4
132.9
30.2
19.3
22.6
£17.5
38.9
44.1
18.8
27.1
18-3
18.8
176-1
129.9
136.3
95.2
221.0
34.6
186.4

Apr,
198C

22.1
63.8
18.8
27.2
280.7
54.6
18.5
109.4
52.5
28.6
135.9
30.7
20.1
24.6
21€.9
37.9
46.9
18.7
26.1
18.6
17.4
185.0
140.3
124.4
84.1
223.8
33.2
190.6

Hay
1980P

Juue
1980?

21.6
65.1
19.0
26.0
275.4
54.8
18.1
107.3
51.8
26.6
134.7
30.7
19.7
24.8
211.0
37.3
44.3
18.5
25.4
18.1
16.9
185.1
140.2
119.2
79.8
220.6
32.3
188.3

2 , 110.5 2,144.4 2,156.2 2,120.1 2 f 101.9 1,389.8 1,411.9 1,392.7 1,354.7 1,329.4

125.8
55.7
70.1
253.4
133.5
71.1
178.1
40.3
22.8
53.1
227.0
38.0
91.4
25.9
26.5
112.5
86.2
519.4
166.5
3S2.9
515.0
42.7
193.8
203.9
179.3
32.1
90.6

126.7
56.4
70.3
257.1
134.1
73.0
180.4
40.5
23.5
53.3
230.2
38.4
93.1
26.2
27.1
115.2
87.2
525.4
168.2
357.2
528.8
43.3
199.3
209.1
180.6
31.8
91.2

.122.7
54.7
68.0
249.9
128.4
71.8
172.9
36.0
21.5
53-1
222.8
36,6
95.3
25.2
25.1
109.4
85-4
551.3
178.4
372.9
560-5
45-2
218.7
217.8
166.7
31.1

76.2

121.3
53.9
67.4
243.6
122.8
71.6
165.3
34.3
19.9
51.8
214.9
36.0
93.7
23.9
23.0
104.5
81.6
54.9.9
176.3
373.6
559.3
45.4
220.4
215.8
161.3
29.4
73.0

91P0
39-8
51.2
183.8
101-9
46.4
141.0
32.8
17.9
42.1
172.5
33. 7
64.2
19.1
20.6
82.7
62.2
261.7
116.8
144.9
324.2
27.6
91.4
145.2
132.9
25.5
70.4

91,7
40.6
51.1
186.6
102.2
48.0
142.9
33.0
18.6
42.2
175.1
34.0
65.8
19.3
21.0
85*3
62.9
263.7
117.9
145-8
332.7
27.8
93.2
149-2
133.9
25.4
70-8

86.2
38.4
47.8
179.0
97,5
45.6
137.1
29.2
16.7
43.0
167.2
32,3
67.0
18.3
19.2
79.6
60.2
277.8
125.0
152.8
345.6
28.5
100.3
153.7
12C.2
24.1
57.2

,127.7 2,114.2 1,891.1 1,836.7 1,836.1 1,478.9 1,459.1 1,227.
778.8
,050.2 1,033.6
562.
732.0
804.8
823.6
346.9
480*3
499.5
232,
326.6
377.1
357.2
47.4
48.4
40.3
37.4
31.
38.9
38.2
463.0
461,8
357.5
336.9
375-6
274.
375.5
41.9
34.1
41.5
31.1
25.
33.1
32.8
608.3
649.0
602.5
651% 3
355.
331-1
328.9
332.1
349.6
329.3
349.9
164.5
174.
163.5
151.0
161.0
149.2
162.4
92,
86.8
86.1
125.2
138.4
124.0
139.0
88.
79.8
79.3
225.8
215.9
226.4
209.9
171.
181.6
181.9
172.8
171.9
170.7
168.5
135,
138.3
136.1
44.0
53.0
55.7
41.4
36.
43.3
45.8
73.2
73.1
72.9
72.6
55.
56.0
56.1
101.*
109.7
100.5
110.4
35,
32.2
32.9
80.8
86.9
79.8
87-6
26.
24.0
23.4

84.4
37.8
46.6
172.2
91.9
45.1
130.5
27.4
15.2
42.3
159.7
31.7
65.4
17.2
17.2
75.3
56.9
275.2
122.1
153.1
342.6
28.6
100.8
151.5
114.8
22.4
54.1

1,172.9 1,172.4
516.5
210.2
28.7
254.9
22.7
356.9
174.7
93.5
88.7
166.7
132.9
33.8
55.3
35.7
26.7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricuttural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands)
Production workers1
1972
SIC
Code

379
3792
38

381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842

387
39
391
3911

393
394

3942,4
3949
395

396
3961
399

Hay
1979

June
1979

Apr.

19eo

Hay
198Cp

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT—Continued
Miscellaneous transportation equipment .
Travel trailers and campers

56*3
34.5

51.6
29.. 9

43.1
21.5

40.2
19.5

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS..
Engineering and scientific instruments
,
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

684.6
71.6
232.1
48.6
51.1
92.5
31.3
141.3
61.5
62.3
46.2
133 .7
28.4

696.5
73.0
235.6
49.2
51.0
94.9
32.2
143,0
61.8
63,5
46.6
137.6
28.5

702,2
77.3
239.6
47.6
52.4
98.4
34.8
146.2
63,9
65.6
47.8
132.0
24.5

700.4
77.3
238.1
46.1
52.6
98.4
34.9
146.6
64.4
65.5
47.7
132.9
22.9

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles . .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

442.9
60.5
39.7
23.7
119.1
56.6
62.5
38.7
59.4
32.5
141.5
48.0

451.6
60.1
39.4
23.5
124.4
61.2
63.2
39.1
60.8
33.9
143.7
48.8

433.0
56.1
36.2
22.2
119.5
55.0
64.5
40.8
54*8
28.6
139.6
46.6

425.9
55.7
35.6
20.2
119.0
57.2
61.8
40.3
53.3
27.3
137.4
46.2

June
1980P

Hay
1979

June
1979

Apr.
198C

May
1980 p

June
1980P

41.2
26.6

36.
22.1

28.2
14.8

25.3
13.1

702.9

419.6
35.9
149.7
34,0
27.7
59.3
17.5
93.5
40.5
41.4
33.8
67.2
22.0

426.7
36.. 5
15U8
34.6
27.2
60.8
18.1
94.7
40.8
42.2
34.3
69.3
22.0

422.6
38.1
151.1
33,0
27.3
60.8
19.2
96.0
42.1
43.3
34.7
65.1
18.4

419.9
37.7
149.8
32.1
27.9
60.4
19.0
95.9
42.5
42.8
34.3
66.0
17.2

423.0

422.1

337.6
44.2
28.4
19.5
91.5
42.1
49.4
27.7
47.7
26.3
107.0
34.6

346.0
44.0
28.3
19.2
96.3
46.3
50.0
28.2
49.1
27.5
109.2
35.4

328.0
39.4
25.4
18.1
91.5
40.6
5C.9
29.0
43.8
22.4
106.2
33.8

321.6
39.5
24.9
16.3
90.6
42.6
48.0
28.4
42.5
21.3
10 4.3
33.5

317.1

NONDURABLE GOODS
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
20613
2065
207
208
2082
2086

209

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products

21
211

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills

See footnotes at end of table.




1,679.3 1,727.5 1,626.2 1,637.0 1,677.6 1,139.0 1,183.2 1,096.6 1,105.8 1,144.2
351.6
256.3
361.3
359.4
301.3
291.5
295.6
298.9
160.9
160.6
161.0
161.2
129.4
130.3
131.1
131.5
68.5
69.5
68.4
51.4
50.4
67.2
49.0
49.9
107.9
115.5
114.5
112.3
106.1
99,0
101.8
104.3
180.6
185.2
178.0
176^3
100.3
95.9
95.0
96.4
32,5
34.2
32.8
32.5
26.8
25.4
25.0
25.2
110.5
111.6
107.8
108.4
47.6
47,6
48.3
47.9
228.6
198,7
244.3
200.8
183.8
198.5
158.9
161.0
23.9
23,6
23.4
22.4
16.4
16.9
16.2
15.9
79.9
88.0
70.9
70.6
56.3
70.6
63.2
56.4
50.7
54.1
38.8
4 0.9.
33.1
47.5
44A 4
35.4
142.1
144.1
139.6
95.3
99.7
139.2
98.0
95.3
24.9
25.1
24.5
15.1
15.7
24.4
15.5
14.9
57.7
59.1
57.3
36.8
39.6
57.1
38.2
36.8
232.3
233.7
229.8
230.9
133.7
137.2
135.6
133.9
188.6
189.9
185.5
187.2
99.2
103.0
101.6
100.2
43.7
43.8
44.3
43.7
34.5
34.2
34.0
33.7
101.5
102.5
93,5
93.1
68.2
75.4
74.6
67.6
27.3
27.1
21.4
22.6
14.4
18.9
18.7
15.2
54.4
54.5
52.3
51.4
40.3
41.9
41.9
39.5
43.9
43.3
43.2
42.9
31.4
30.9
31.6
31.1
235.2
242.8
231.7
233.4
113.7
109.0
103.2
104.1
51.5
53.1
50.9
51.4
36.9
35.6
33.2
33.8
140.0
144.7
140.4
142.0
51.1
48.7
47.3
47.9
163.5
170.3
157. 1 159.3
126.2
119.0
115.3
117.5
64.8
45.0

65.0
45.6

62.9
44.3

62.5
43.8

64.3

50.9
35.0

50.7
35.5

47.9
33.8

47.5
33.2

48.1

889.2
151.1
121.9
20.1
26.3
228.4
30.9
33.5
71.4
32,0

897.1
151.3
122.9
20.2
26.4
232.7
31.5
34.1
73.5
32.2

882.1
152.8
120.6
19.9
25.0
232.6
31.4
33.7
75.8
31.8

869.3
152.7
119.4
19.3
24.2
232.1
31.2
33*4
76.3
32.1

861.7

774.7
136.4
109.2
16.8
23.0
1S7.3
27.7
30.6
61.2
27.4

782.4
136.4
110.0
17.0
23.1
201.5
28.3
31.1
63.1
27.8

769.4
137.7
108.3
16.5
22.1
202.4
28.4
3C.8
65.3
27.4

756.3
137.3
107.1
15.9
21.1
201.6
28.2
30.5
65.5
27.7

750.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricurtural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]

1972
SIC
Code

2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337

2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238

239
2391
2392
2396

26
261.2,6
262
263
264
2641

2642
2643
265
2651
2653

2654
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278

279
28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2844
2842,3
285

Bay
1979

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS—Continued
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills.
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee.
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commerical printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Bankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins.
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations...
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals

See footnotes at end of table.

96




June
1979

Apr.
1980

Hay198&P

June
1980 P

Bay
1979

June
1979

lpr.
1980

Ha?
1980 p

June
1980?

28.1
65.9
26.1
25.6
49.1
120.9
80.3
23.4
56,1

28.8
66.1
26.1
25.9
50.3
121.7
81.0
23.5
56.3.

28.5
64.7
25.0
25.5
44.8
121.1
81.5
22.3
51.8

27.7
63.2
24.7
24.8
42.7
118.4
80.1
20.8
49.0

,298.9 1,314,5 1,139.1
72.3
80.4
317.5
378.5
91-0
104.4
68,8
80.2
85.8
109.7
384.9
435,4
57.0
62.6
142.6
151.5
56.6
64.7
128.7
156.6
78.9
90.2
63.8
72.3
15.1
17.9
57.2
63.9
24.7
25.1
51.3
57.2
159.1
173.3
24.6
28.4
43.5
50.9
31.0
25.6

,146.2
72.5
319.6

,109.3
70.3
324.0
90.6
70.0
91.4
376.7
54.6
134.4
56.3
131.4
76.7
62.6
14. 1
55.0
22.7
48.6
140.6
23.9
41.6
19.8

,127.3

69.5
85.4
387.4
57.3
143.8
59.4
126.9
79.2
64.0
15.2
58.6
25.1
51.6
159.3
25.5
44*2
28.7

,114.8
67.0
323.2
89.9
70*0
91.2
381.7
54*7
141.5
52.6
132.9
77.0
62.7
14.3
54.5
22.6
49.0
145.5
24.5
42.9
21.3

693.6

534.0
155.4
132.0
52.0
161.5
35*7
19.0
39.2
165.1
35.7
81.3
22.6

544.7
158.5
134.6
52.8
165.5
37.4
19,6
39.7
167.9
36.2
82.4
22.8

528.5
153.0
131.1
50.5
162.9
37.5
20.0
39.3
162.1
35*2
80.0
21.9

521.9
152.0
130.5
50.4
159.6
36.2
19.9
38.2
159.9
34.9
78.3
21.8

522.8

1,231.6 1,240*2 1,270.4 1,268.0 1,267*3
430.9
431.2
424.5
419.6
81.8
81.8
80.1
79.1
107.0
107.8
103.6
104.4
73.7
74.0
71.1
71.4
33.3
32.5
33.8
33.0
47.6
45.0
46.1
45.1
421.2
407.6
407.5
424.0
167. 3
166.7
168.6
230*5
217.9
231.2
217.9
47.3
46.8
47.7
46.3
63.7
65.5
64.3
63.1
45*0
42.9
45.0
42.9

698.3
168.7
13.5
56.6
28.7
27.9
27.0
302.0
122.9
160.1
32.7
52.3
31.3

698.8
169.2
13.5
54.8
27.4
27.4
26.2
301.4
123.4
159.4
33.1
54.5
31.5

716.8
169.3
14.8
57.3
28.8
28.5
26.3
315.1
125.0
170.3
33.6
52.8
33.5

710.8
168.5
14.6
56.5
28.7
27.8
26.2
311.7
122.8
169.3
33.3
52.1
33.4

708.7

,109.2 1,124.8 1,120.6 1,119.1 1,113.3
166.1
164.3
166.9
161.8
108.8
109.2
106.8
105.9
209.4
206.7
214.1
210.7
86.4
85.9
88.0
86.2
94.8
97.7
92.9
96.9
198,5
199.2
196.2
193.0
158.4
158.5
156.5
153.7
137.1
136.7
141*0
138.9
40.8
40.7
41.6
41.4
56.6
56.6
58.6
57.3
39.7
39.4
40.8
40.2
67.2
66.7
70.7
68.9
173.7
174.2
173.0
171.0

632.7
88.1
57.5
142.3
52.9
70.0
95.6
73.0
83.7
26.7
34.8
22.2
35.9
87.9

642.7
89.3
57.7
144.5
53.8
70.4
97.5
74.8
85.5
27.2
35.7
22.6
37.4
89.5

636.7
90.5
60.6
140.7
52.1
68.2
98.5
76.1
82.8
26.3
34.7
21.8
34.6
88.4

632.2
90.1
60.1
137.9
51.6
66.1
97.7
75.6
82.7
26.2
34.9
21.6
33.9
89.1

631.1

34.1
78.3
31.2
30.4
60.3
133.0
86.9
26.3
69.8
r 326.8

84.4
368^0
104.2
78.9
101.5
444.5
65.2
159.9
65.8
153.6
92.3
73.5
18.8
66.2
27.4
59.4
191.1
28.2
52.6
37.0
705.7
206.4
177.3
65.0
220.3
57.5
24.3
50.3
214.0
44.8
109.9
27.2

34.8
78.4
31.2
30.6
61.4
133.9
87.6
26.5
69.9

33.6
76.7
30.0
30.2
55.2
133.8
88.4
25.4
65.5

,335.2 1,304.2
• 77.5
84.5
377.1
370.7
103.5
106.0
79.9
79.9
109*3
101,4
446.9
441.0
65.4
62.8
159.4
161.2
61.1
68.4
157.7
151.9
90.5
92.8
72.4
73.9
18.1
18.9
63.5
67.6
25.0
27.7
57.0
59.8
178.0
191.8
28.9
29.4
52.0
53.4
27.1
34.7
716.9
209.9
180.3
66.2
223.7
58.9
24.8
50-7
217.1
45.3
111.2
27.4

698.8
204.3
176.7
64.5
218.9
57.6
25. *\
50.3
211.1
44.5
108.6
26,7

32.7
75,0
29.4
29.5
52.5
131.3
87.1
24.0
62.8

692.
203.
176.
64.
215.
56,
25,
49.
208.
44.
>06.
26.

sLe

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricuttural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
Production workers1
1972
SIC
Cod*

2865
2861,9
287

Industry

Hay
1979

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Cont'd
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals,
nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

June
1979

Apr.
1980

Hay
1980

P

June
198Q.p

Hay
1979

June
1979

Apr.
1980

Hay
1980

37,0

37.3

38.1

38.1

23.3

23.6

23.5

23.7

134.0
71.9
93.0

135.7
70.8
94.7

135.6
74.1
94.5

136.1
74.6
94.1

64.6
46.9
52.3

65.9
45.5
53-5

64.9
47.5
53.7

June
1980 p

65.4
47.9
52.9

29
291
295

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS.
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

209.1

212.9

204.6
161.5
30.0

137.2
103.5
26.3

140.2
105.4
27.2

107.7
76.1
23.3

131.7
100,6
22.8

135.3

166.4
34.2

173.6
130,, 3
30.3

207.0

163.6
33.4

30
301
302
303,4

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS . .
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear

785.5
128.6
22.8

788.1
121.9
23.5

737.2
107.4
23.0

703.5
104.1
22.0

689.8

616.7
93.6
19. 8

618.7
87.5
20.5

57C.3
75.4
20.4

539.3
72.2
19.5

526.8

Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

24.5
120.9
488.7

25.3
120.6
496.8

22*7
109.8
474.3

20.7
1 4,7
0
452.0

18.4

95.4

19.3
95.1

16.0
84.9

389.5

396.3

373.6

14.9
80.4
352.3

253.6
20.2

243*3
18.9
154.1
57,7
62^6
14.9
31.0

242.5
19.1
155,9
58.1
63.7
13.7
29.9

244.7

217.0
17.0
134.7
53,3
53.0
14.0
28,4

221.2
17.5
136.7
54.0
54.4
14.4
29.3

205.3
15.6
131.4
49.8
52.4
11.3
26.5

205.2
15.8
133.5
50.3
53.8
10.4
25.4

207.6

156.0
61.0
61.8
17.8
33.0

258.5
20.7
158.4
61.9
63.2
18.3
34.1

5,111

5,219

5,147

5,162

5,194

4,281

4,380

4,299

4,313

4,351

569.9
514.3

539.4
486,6

544.7
491.8

262.6
75.1
60.3
37.8
75.1

275*6
79.2
59.3
39.4
83.0

283.9
80.7
5S.0
40.4
88,0

253.4
71.4

242,5
69.4

254.3
72.2

262.6
73.6

33.6

34.9

36.4

37,4

306
307
31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic . . .
Women's footwear, except athletic . .
Handbags and personal leather goods . .
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

40
4011

RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION
Class I railroads 2.

559.1
506.8

411
412
413
415

LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER
TRANSIT
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses

274.2
77*0
61.0
36.5
85.0

42
421,3
422

TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
Trucking and trucking terminals .
Public warehousing

1,352.0
1,266.5
85.5

WATER TRANSPORTATION
45
451,2

212.6

222. 3

212,3

216.6

TRANSPORTATION BY AIR.
Air transportation

408.8
361.7

443.9
396.4

452,9
404.1

454.7
405.6

19.3

20*3

19.4

19.7

193.4

193.6

PIPE LINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS
TRANSPORTATION SERVICES
48
481
483

COMMUNICATION
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting .

49
491
492
493
495

ELECTRIC. GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

50,51
50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507

1,196.3 1,218.5 1,126.0 1,109.8
1,123.3 1,144.0 1,050.1 1,035.1
75.9
74.7
74.5
73.0

1,375.3 1,285.* 1,267.2
1,288.3 1,196.3 1,179.2
89.1
88*.0
87.0

WHOLESALE TRADE
WHOLESALE TRADE - DURABLE GOODS . .
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment . .
Furniture and home furnishing
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods . . . .
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment

184.2

188,7

1,301.2

1,318,0

13.6

1,072.4
199.5

817,9
376.9
171.2
197.9
48.2

822.4
386.7
165.9
197.2
49.8

652.1
297.5
135.2
158.8
41.7

669.9
304.3
140.0
163.2
42.8

673.3
312.2
135.4
162. 9
43.9

679.8
315.3
137.5
163.6
44.4

20,525

17,763

17,859

17,870

17,984

5,283

4,256

4,314

4,312

2,523
363.1
89.9
162.0
55.1
124-1
329.9
197.8

2,561
366.7
90.6
166.2
56.6
126.0
331.7
200.6

2,575
348.1
94.4
155.7
59.0
126.4
335.9
201.7

830.4
390.5
168.3
198.2
50.5

20«214

20,321

20,373

20,506

5,183

5,245

5,265

5,263

3,074
444.4
110.9
193.8
66.9
152.1
401.4
240.8

3.116
448,7
111.2
198.6
68.7
154.3
404.9
244,2

3,143
429.8
115.5
189.9
71.9
155.6
411.5
244,9

3,129
425.0
114.9
188.5
72.4
153.1
409.3
243.3

13.9

995.1 1,005.2 1,008.7
782.1
780.5
783,2
151.9
160.2
160.3

1,075.5

799.9
370.1
166.2
193.7
46.9

13.8

983,7
772.1
150.4

1,346.0 1,351.1

1,043,7 1,058.6
189.5
188.0

14.5

200.6

17,974
4,322

2,557
343,8
93.8
154.6
59.3
124.2
333.5
199,7

See footnotes at end of table.




97

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricuttural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
Production workers1
1972
SIC
Code

508

51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

Hay
1979

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE GOODS—
Continued
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

RETAIL TRADE

June
1979

Apr.
1980

Hay

mo.

June
1980 p

2,129
146.0
146.0
171.2
650.2
123.1
229-9
136,4
385.2

2,122
148.0
152.6
174.6
636.0
125.9
230.3
133.9
390.8

15,076

15,108

15,243

637.9
339.3
149.1

645.8
348.4
151.3

623.5
325.0
153.8

Apr.
1980

Hay
1980.

630.0
326.3
154.6

1,753
118.3
125.3
135.9
561.6
89.5
169.6
116.1
320,1

1,737
12C.7
129.4
138.6
548.4
93.2
168.5
112.6
319.4

June
1980p

1,744
120.8
128.9
138.5
556.5
93.1
171.2
113.1
320.5

13,507

13,545

13,558

13,683

545.6
290.3
128.7

2,134
147.8
152.0
175.0
645.7
126.7
234.2
134.6
392.0

15,031

June
1979

1,026.0 1,043.4 1,072.5 1,068.6
178.7
181.5
179.6
175.0

1,256.3 1,275,0 1,310.4 1,310.8
213.4
212.0
210.8
206.9
2,1C9
144.3
145.1
168.7
636.7
122.1
230.4
133.3
385.7

Hay
1979

550.5
297.1
131.0

527.3
274.3
131.5

533.4
275.5
132.9

1,733
116.7
124.6
133. 1
548.3
88.3
170.3
113.2
319.7
15,242

521
525

BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN
SUPPLIES
•
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

53
531
533
539

GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

2,209.2 2,205.6 2,157.5 2,153.1
1,799.6 1,790.7 1,757.1 1,748.8
263.3
266.1
276.4
276.9
137.1
138.2
138.5
132.7

2,053.9 2,051.0 2,004.1 1,999.9
1,663,5 1,675.5 1,644.7 1,636.8
245.5
254.8
242.9
255.4
117.6
120.7
11C.5
115.0

54
541
542
546

FOOD STORES
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioned
Retail bakeries

2,274.6 2,278.6 2,351.8 2,377.9
1,985.1 1,988.1 2,059.8 2,083.1
52.8
52.4
52.5
52.2
129.7
127.7
129.5
127.8

2,097.7 2,102.2 2,170.8 2,195.2
1,833.3 1,836.9 1,905.1 1,926.1

55

AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS AND SERVICE
STATIONS
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

1,849.3 1,835.4 1,756.5 1,739.4
826.9
807.9
902.8
900.1
264.9
264.6
271.3
276.4
568.5
582.9
572.1
563.8

13,652

1,582.2 1,567.8 1,490.7 1,473.2
680.6
749.4
663.0
752.8
243.1
230.0
228.6
238.1
493.7
497.9
494.3
513.3

551.2
553
554

56
561
562

571
572
573

117.7

119.0

117.7

119.4

APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores • •
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

935.7
138.3
353.6
168.6
181.3

933.8
138.8
350.4
169-5
179.8

942.7
136.0
351.8
178.1
180.7

942.2
135.6
352.1
17S.6
179.7

807.5
117.4
308.1
147.6
152.7

806.6
118.7
305.5
149.0
150.6

806.3
115.0
303.3
154.9
150.7

807.3
114.6
305.3
155.2
149.8

FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHINGS
STORES
Furniture and home furnishings
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

607.9
372.6
84.0
151.3

610.8
374,4
85.7
150.7

605.3
374.4
81.6
149.3

598.3
370.1
81.0
147.2

503. 2
313.2
71.7
118.3

505.6
314.8
72.9
117.9

500.8
312.0
70.2
118.6

494.8
308.1
69.7
117.0

EATING AND DRINKING PLACES

594
596
598
599

4,647.0 4,706.2 4,779.1 4,898.5

4,267.9 4,326.9 4,398.0 4,509.1

MISCELLANEOUS RETAIL
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1,869.5 1,859.7 1,891,5 1,903.7
505.4
492.9
487.9
503.9
131.0
127.8
125.6
129.5
584.7
553.9
579.0
552.7
260.1
273.3
266.1
275.2
105.6
103.9
101.9
103.3
249.2
260.1
250.9
267.3

1,648.8 1,634.5 1,660.4 1,670.2
449.0
459.4
459.9
444.8

FINANCE, INSURANCE. AND REAL
ESTATE ?

4,952

5,019

5,104

5,139

1,480.7 1,498.9 1,535.2 1,537.8
1,353.2 1,369.9 1,401.4 1,403.5

60
602

BANKING
Commercial and stock savings banks

61
612
614

CREDIT AGENCIES OTHER THAN BANKS . . •
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

547.8
231.3
209.0

554.3
235.5
209.8

558.4
238.9
212.1

555.8
238.1
210.9

62
621

SECURITY, COMMODITY BROKERS, AND
SERVICES
Security brokers and dealers

198.3
159.2

201.4
161.4

209.3
166. 2

INSURANCE CARRIERS
Life insurance

5,205

472.6
255.5
86.2
211.1

494.2
247.9
88.4
210*6

498.8
242.2
86.8
220.6

3,760

3,824

3,861

3,896

1,145.3 1,162.6 1,182.7 1,185.6
1,041.7 1,057.4 1,074.6 1,075.8

209.0
165.9

63
631

473.1
257.9
87.5
229.1

See footnotes at end of table.

98



1,197.3 1,206.5 1,233.2 1,234.0
536.4
535.4
520.5
523.6

416.5
178.9
157.6

423.0
182,6
159.0

423.1
182.4
160.1

420.5
181.7
158.8

842.7
313.6

845.9
311.9

861.9
323.8

862.5
325,8

3,956

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payroll* by industry-Continued
lln thousindi]
All employ.*.
1972
SIC
Cod*

632
633
64
65
651
653
655

Industry
Bay

1979

June
1979

INSURANCE CARRIERS—Continued
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

136.2
466.7

136.6
471.6

INSURANCE AGENTS, BROKERS, AND
SERVICE
REAL ESTATE
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdivides and developers

427.3
966.9
441.2
364.1
138.0

430.4
989.7
,448,9
374.6
142.4

Apr.
1980

139.7
487.9

Hay
1980 p

139.9
490.4

450.7
450.3
975.7 1,008.7
468.1
458.7
379.4
364.8
140.0
130.0

June
198Cp

-

Hay
1979

109.0
359.3

June
1979

109.2
363,4

COMBINED REAL ESTATE, INSURANCE, ETC . . .

23.6

23,8

23.3

23.1

-

-

67

HOLDING AND OTHER INVESTMENT OFFICES..

110.3

113,9

118.6

119.6

-

-

17,116

17,265

17,636

17,756

SERVICES
HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

72
721
723
726

PERSONAL SERVICES
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories

73
731
732
733
734
736
737

BUSINESS SERVICES
Advertising
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, stenographic.. . . ,
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Computer and data processing services

75
753

AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES
Automotive repair shops

581.8
359.0

582.0
361.0

76

MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES

281.3

78
781
783

MOTION PICTURES
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters

79

AMUSEMENT A N D RECREATION SERVICES . . . .

80
801
802
805
806

H E A L T H SERVICES
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals

927.4
362.8
295.5
68.3

920.3
362.7
292.9
68.4

950.9
353.8
293.3
69.8

936.9
354*5
294.9
70.4

Ha*
1980 p

111.8
371.8

•

June
1980p

-

-

-

15,202

15,329

15,696

957.2

17,812

1,C69.9 1,114.5 1,C59.8 1,092.7
1,035.9 1,071.9 1,024,7 1,056.2

70
701

111.7
37Q.7

I
-

-

66

1980

989.9

941.2

971.3

323,2
271.7

323.7
270.1

315.9

316.5
274.7

272,8

15,809

15,829

-

2,846.7 2,892.7 2,955.1 2,967.2
144.1
145,8
147.3
148.6
78.0
72,7
77.4
71.5
120.8
112.5
113.6
119.3
508.4
484.4
500.1
508.5
506.8
507.7
519.7
502.2
287.3
286.6
261.6
265.2

-

-

214.7

218.2

237,7

238.5

-

587.5
356.9

584.6
355.6

-

497.5
306. 1

497. 4
307.4

503.4
303,5

499.2
301.4

-

286.9

302.9

300.9

-

241,4

246,2

259,4

257.3

-

221.4
76.1
134.8

227.1
77.9
138,8

219,3
81.1
127.9

217.8
74.4
132.6

199.2
67.0

203.4
68.3

192.3
67.2

191.7
61.8

-

-

755.4

802.4

724.7

783.7

684.8

730.2

659,4

715.7

-

• , 9 3 7 , 5 5,002,1 5,150,1 5,173.3
748.4
722-1
713.7
746.8
326.8
340.1
322.4
336.7
956.9
986.0
940.7
978.9
2,574.0 2,605,7 2,680.5 2,687.8
447.2

464.5

469.2

-

436.0

-

LEGAL SERVICES

82
821
822

EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities

1,117.1
251.4
749.4

83

SOCIAL SERVICES
MEMBERSHIP ORGANIZATIONS

1,533.3 1,536.1 1,560.5 1,572.7

89
891
893

MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

460.7

460.9

399.1

403,0

-

406.7

1,09 2.5 1,105.6 1,129.0 1,147.5

86

452.4

4,389.9 4,451.8 4,592,8 4,612.6
611,4
611.0
592.1
583.4
293,4
286.4
295.5
282.1
879.0
860.3
887.3
844,5
2,348.5 2,377.0 2,458.7 2,464.2
383.8

473.1

81

2,472.8 2,516.0 2,571,8 2,586.4
112.5
107.2
111.5
108.2

GOVERNMENT
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Executive, by agency4
_
_
_
_

Portal Service
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial

926.4
509.2
291.2

996.0 1,168.1 1,138.8
272-1
269. 7
243.2
743.8
775.5
638.8

949,1 1,003.5
548.0
528.4
319.4
292.9

-

-

-

769. 3
430.2
235.2

994.3
550.1
307.1

16,162

16,080

16,651

16,673

2,824

3,103

3,097

840.3
465.5
261,6

830.0
467.7
248.0

-

16,549

2,773

790*2
449.1
235.6

-

3,121

2,720.3 2,770.2 3,049.2 3,043,1
927.1
888,5
896.6
906.6
663.2
659.3
659.5
658.2
1,164.2 1,200.4 1,502.5 1,456.7
40.2
39.6
41.0
39.7
14.1
13.1
14.2
13.1

„

-

Sec footnotes at end of table.




99

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricurtural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
All employees
1972
SIC
Code

Industry
Hay

1979

3731

806

806
82

806
82

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT-ContiniMd
Federal Government, by industry
Manufacturing activities
Shipbuilding and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except
Postal Service
Services
Federal government hospitals
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
State government
State government hospitals
State education
General administration including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Local government hospitals
Local education
General administration including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions

1

June
1979

124.9
72.2

125.1
72.6

123.4
72.6

45.5
354.2
222.6

45.4
360.8
226.3

44.3
393.3
236.6




June p
1980

Hay
1979

June
1979

Apr.
1980

Ha]
1980

Junep
1980

123-8
72.7
45.2
395.9
235.6

13,389 13,256 13,548 13,576
3,561.8 3,438.4 3,670.5 3,616.8
541,9
545.8
543.1
545.6
1,420.5 1,250.5 1,497.2 1,437.3

13,428

995.1 1,014.7 1,006,1 1,011.2
9,827.2 9,817.4 9,877.3 9,959.1
611.2
592 .0
589.8
591.0
581.7
560.9
580.0
567.4
5,395.9
5,343.1 5,165.1 5,371.8
2,944.2 3,064.3 2,955.8 2,986.1

Data relate to production and related workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction
workers in construction; and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Beginning January 1978, data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of $50,000,000
or more.
3
Data for nonoffice sales agents excluded from nonsupervisory count for all series in this division.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate t o civilian employment only and
exclude Central Intelligence and National Security Agencies.

1OO

Kayp
1980

Apr.
1980

#
Not available,
p - preliminary.

NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, establishment data in this table may differ from data published earlier.
See article in this issue for additional information.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricuttural payrolls by industry
[In thousands]
1972
SIC
Codt

Industry

Apr.
1979

Bar.
1979

36,647

TOTAU

86

PRIVATE SECTOR

29,066

MINING

Bar.
1980

Feb.
1980

Apr.
1980

37,889

38,115

38,328

29,307

30,054

30,202

30,321

87

97

99

100

8.8

9.0

36,915

10

METAL MINING

7.9

8.0

9,0

11.12

COAL MINING

9.0

9.1

10.6

10.7

10.9

60.6

61.4

68.6

70.0

70.6

38.0
22.6

38.7
22,7

43.8
24.8

44.7
25.3

45.5
25.1

8.2
2.5
2.6

8.5
2.6
2.8

9.0
2.5
3.0

9.0
2.5
3.0

9.2
2.6
3.1

337

343

368

372

376

121,5
68.6
17.2
35.7

124.0
70.3
17.3
36.4

129.8
72.7
16.9
40.2

131.4
74.0
16.4
41.0

132.1
75.1
15,6
41.4

49.0
12.5
36.5

51.3
14.3
37.0

53.0
14.1
38.9

53.4
14.6
38.8

55*6
16.1
39. 5

166.0
46.9
10.7
29.6
18.7
12.7
11.2

167.2
47.6
10.8
29.4
19.1
12.9
11.4

185.3
52.3
12.1
34.0
21.7
14.0
12.9

187,4
52.9
12.4
33.9
21.7
14.0
13.1

188.2
53.0
12.3
34.7
21,3
14.3
13.1

6,406

6,415

6,459

6,492

6,433

DURABLE GOODS

3,058

3*071

3,111

3,128

3,091

NONDURABLE GOODS

3,348

3,344

3,348

3,364

3,342

112.9
4.7
22.8
15.6
46.0
7.7
10.6

113.8
4.8
22.6
15.7
46.4
7.8
10.9
21.3

109.2
4,7
22.4
15.8
44.2
7.3
9.7
20.9

109.5
4.9
22.4
15.8
43.6
7.5
9.6
21.5

103.2
4.9
21w3
15.0
40.6
7.0
8.8
20.6

13
131,2

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION

14
142
144

NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel

Crude petroleum, natural gas. and natural
gas liquids
Oil and gas field services.

CONSTRUCTION
15
152
153
154

GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

16
161
162

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS •

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing, heating, air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

MANUFACTURING
24, 25.
32-3C
20-23,

263
DURABLE GOODS
24
241
242
2421
243
244
245

249

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Wooden containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

2

148.0
110.0
46.3
36.9
8.4
11.6
5.2
10.1
11.1

145.8
107.6
45.7
35.9
8.6
11.5
5.5
10.3
10.9

146.1
106.9

259

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

45.6
35.7
8.2
12.3
5.4
10.5
11.0

146.5
106.9
45.7
35.4
8.2
12.5
5.4
10.5
11.2

145.7
106.3
45.1
35.2
8,2
12.6
5.4
10.7
10.7

32
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
329

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS . . . .
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass contaniers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products

132.7
44.0
25.2
18.8
14.1
1.7
6.8
16.5
14.5
32.1

133.0
43.7
25.3
18.4
13.9
1.7
6.9
16.7
14.8
32.3

131.7
43.0
23.7
19.3
13.6
1.7
7.0
16.4
15.0
32,4

132.7
43.4
24.0
19.4
14.0
1.7
6.9
16.5
15.0
32.4

33
331
3312
332

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Iron and steel foundries

132.3
42.2
32.5
20.9

133.7
43.1
33.2
21.0

131,5
42.2
32.0
19.1

13T..9
42.3
32.1
19.3

130.8
43.3
23.6
19.7
13.6
1.7
6.7
16.0
15.0
31.9
130.5
42.4
32.0
19.1

25
251
2511
2512
2515
252
253
254




1O1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricuHural payroll* by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
1872
SIC
Code

Bar.
1979

Industry

Feb.
1980

Apr.
1979

Apr.
1980

Mar.
1980

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES —Continued
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361
34
341
3411
342 .
3423.5

3429
343
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347

3471
3479
348
349
3494
3496
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3533
354
3541
3544
3545
355
3551
3552
3555

356
3561

3562
357
3573
358
3585

359
3599
36
361
3612
3613

362
3621

3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641

10.4
1,7
5.0
4.5
1.7

Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

42.7
3.8
4.5
25.5

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT . . . .
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps

102



25.6

8.4
1.3
5.4

4.9
2.0
43.0
3.6
4.5
26.0

8.6
1.3
5.4
4.9
2.0
43.5

3.6
4.6
26.6
16.0

8.4
1.3
5.4
5.0
2.1

42.6
3.5
4.5
26.0

16.8
8.2

16. J
8.2

355.1
13.8
12.1
63.0
17.0
38.9
18.7
70.9
7.5
21.6
16.2
15.7
25.1
12.8
12.3
58.8
4.7
16.0
3*3.0
26.4
18.3
8.1
18.0
60.4
22.7
14.0

358.2
14.2
12.3
63.1
17.2
38.8
19.3
71.5
7.5
22.1
16.2
15.9
25.3
12.8
12.5
58.3
4.7
15.9
35.6
26.5
18.3
8.2
18.3
61.7
23.7
14.0

357.4
14.2
12.2
61.3
17.6
36.6
19.3
75.2
8.2
22.3
17.8
16.6
26.3
13.6
12.7
54.1
4.7
12.0
35.3
26.7
18.1
8.6
17.9
62.4
24.1
14.7

358.4
14.1
12.2
61.9
17.6
37.2
18.9
75.0
8.1
22.3
17.8
16.6
26.4
13.6
12.8
54.8
4.9
12-3
35.4
26.8
18.2
8.6
17.7
62.8
24.4
14.9

251.3
13.9
12.0
59.6
17.4
35.2
18.2
73.2
8.1
20.9
17.8
16.2
26. 1
13.3
12.8
53.7
4.9
11.5
35.0
26.8
18.0
8.8
17.8
62.0
24.3
14.8

469.5
26.7

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades.
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
,.
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products
MACHINERY. EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Oil field machinery
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Machinery, except electrical, nee

10.5
1.7
5.0
4.7
1.8
42.8
3.9
4.5

469.9
26.8
5.7

500.7
26.8
5.8

502.5
26.7

499.8

5.8

21.1
27.5
20.7
42.3
13.7
11.0
55.1

21.0
28.8
21.8
48.8
16.1
12.8

5.8
20.7

15.9
12.8
28.9

10.5
15.4
14.2
30.9

5.8

6.6
5.
6.
65.

5.8

20.9
27.9
21.0
42.8
13.7
10.9

56.5
9.4
15.9
14.1

29.6
6.2
5.1

6.5
62.5

,
,

11.6
14.2
134.1
106.3
40.0

26.9
49.4
37.9

884.2
45.7
19.5
26.2
97.0
54.1
29.6
59.2
10.5
4.8
26.3
103,9
24.2

9.4

6.2
5.0

62.8
11.6
14.4
135.5
107.4
41.4
28.1

49.6
38.1

887.2
46.0
19.5
26.5
95.5
54X5
27.7
59.0
9.9
4.7
26.7
103.9
24.4

16.5
8.7

59.6

11.
14.
150.

122.
40.
26.8
50.2
39.4
924.8
45.4
19.7
25.7
95.3
51.8
29.5
62.3
10.8
5.1
27.2
102.6
23,2

8,3

20.9
28.1
21.3

49.4
16.2
13.2

60.2
10.5
15.5
14.5
31.0

6.7
5.3
6.4
65.3

11.7
14.7
151.2
123.5
40.1

26.9
50.5
39.7

930.3
45.5
19.7
25.8
95.0
51.5
29.6
62.9
10.8
5.1
27.9
102.9
23.0

15.6
8.2

26.5
27.6

21.2
48.5
15.2
13.3

60.0

10.5
15.3
14.5
31.1

6.7
5.3
6.5
64.5

11,6
14.5
152.2
124.6

39.3
26. 1
50.1

39.4

925.8
45.3
19.4
25. 9
94.9
51.6
29.5
61.7
10.3
4.6
28; 1
102.1
22.8

ESTABLISHMENTDATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by Industry-Continued

1972
SIC
Code

Apr.
1979

Mar.

Industry

1979

ipr.

Mar.
1980

Feb.
1980

1980

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT— Continued
Current-carrying wiring devices
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Engine electrical equipment

44.5
59.9
43.6
190.7
79.5
111.2
265.7
15.9
91.0
108.5
62.1
32.2

44.5
57.9
43,4
194.3
80.7
113.6
268.7
16.1
91.8
109-7
61.9
31.7

43.6
211.5
87.2
124.3
291.7
17.1
102.6
117.3
57.9
26.2

46.6
58.8
43.9
212.5
87.9
124.6
292.6
17.1
103.4
117.6
60.1
26.9

46.9
58.6
44.0
212.7
87.4
125.3
292.7
17.2
104.5
116.9
57.8
25.7

379

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment

325.6
146.1
58.5
5.4
79.3
108.0
61.6
23.7
22.7
24.4
14.7
6.3
20.8
17.4
13.3

326.9
146.6
59.3
5.5
78.9
109.6
62.4
24.2
23.0
24.0
14.5
6.4
20.9
17.4
12.5

309.9
119.0
45.3
5.2
65.6
118.7
64.9
27.7
26.1
23.5
16.3
7.0
23.3
19.4
10.5

311.0
120.0
47.1
4.4
65.5
119.8
65.7
27.9
26.2
22.1
15.5
7.0
23.7
19.7
10.7

297.5
110.6
40.5
4.6.
62.5
118.6
64.1
28.0
26.5
21.2
15.4
7.0
24.0
19.9
8.4

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

290.0
21.9
100.3
24.9
16.8
42.6
10.4
75.9
35.2
32.5
25.9
37.2
18.4

292.7
22.1
100.8
24.7
16.9
43.0
10.5
76.0
35.4
32.5
26.5
38.3
18.5

298.3
24.0
104.2
24.8
17.6
44.6
12.2
77.8
36.2
34.0
27.6
36.9
15,6

300.8
24.0
105.0
25.1
17.7
45.0
12.4
78.7
3^.6
34^4
27.8
37.2
15.7

301.4
24.0
105.2
24.9
17.7
45.4
12.2
79.5
37.0
34.8
28.0
37.1
15.4

39

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Miscellaneous manufactures

208.0
28.9
11.2
60.5
30.1
30.4
20.9
35.8
50.7

209..7
28.0
11.2
61.6
30.5
31.1
21.1
35.6
52.2

201.7
25.1
9.7
62.1
30.2
31.9
22.2
31.9
50.7

204.6
25.9
9.5
63.2
30.4
32.8
22.2
3?.6
51.2

204.6
25.5
9.6
64.2
31.2
33.0
22.4
32. 2
50.7

480.7
109.1
26.6
20.9
54.0
35.4
17.9
95.7
9.0
27.7
25.1
28.0
62.2
41.5
20.7
40.7
5.8
36.8
6.0
17.0
67.0

475.1
110.4
26.9
20.3
55.6
35.7
17.9
91.9
9.0
25.3
24.4
26.9
62.3
41,4
20.9
39.2
5.7
37.1
6.1
17.2
65.9

474.2
115.8
29.3
20.1
57.7
35.9
18.0
81.4
8.4
25.6
17-2
28.7
60.0
39.8
20.2
42.8
5.8
38.2
7.0
17.8
65.6

473.9
114.9
29.2
19*9
57.7
36.3
17.9
82.1
8.3
24.9
19.6
28.5
61.1
40.3
20.8
40.4
5.9
39.1
7.4
18.0
65.6

467.5
115.3
29.2
19.8
58.5
36.9
18.2
79.8
8.4
25.2
17.3
28.1
60.8
40.0
20.8
37.5
5.7
39.5
7.4
18.3
63.9

24.4
14.0

22.9
13.8

24.0
13.7

22.4
13.5

21.3
13.4

3643
365
3651

366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674

3679
369
3694
37
371
3711
3713
3714
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
374
376
3761

391

393
394
3942,4
3949

395
396

46.5
58.1

NONDURABLE GOODS
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202

209

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products

21
211

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
205
2051
2052
206
207
208
2082
2086




-

103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payroHt by industry—Continued

1972
SIC
Codt

Industry

Apr.
1979

Bar.
1979

Apr.
1980

Mar.
1980

1980

419.3
65.4
49.7
7.8
15.3
146.5
24.2
24.3
49.8
21.9
13.1
23.0
9.6
6.8
24.8
65.3
40.0
14.7
21.5

419.4
65.6
50.0
7.8
15.2
146.7
23.9
24?2
50.1
25.1
13.2
23.1
9.6
6.8
24.0
65.7
40*1
14.9
21*3

421.1
67.1
50.1
7.8
15,2
148.0
25.1
23.9
51.0
24.7
13.4
23.1
9.5
6.7
23.1
65.9
40.7
14.5
20.8

422.8
67.0
49.9
7.7
15.2
149.8
25.0
24.0
52.6
24.7
13.3
22.9
9.5
6.4
23.2
66.7
41.4
14.6
20.4

42 V 3
66.7
50.2
7.8
15.1
149.5

1,076.2
62.8
306.5
90.0
65.3
83.3
386.8
57.9
142.6
53.8
132*5
79.9
64.3
15.6
57.3
24.3
46.5
122.1
22.6
32.5
18.6

1,075.4
64.2
307.3
90*7
f5.1
83.5
386.5
57.7
145.3
54.3
129.2
80.6
64.6
16.0
56.2
24.0
46.2
120.3
22.3
32.0
19*0

1,060.0
60.9
314.5
89.6
66.5
90.3
373.2
54.4
142.0
47.0
129.8
79.1
63.7
15.4
56.8
23.6
43.5
118.4
23.2
33.9
15.9

1,070.4
59.1
316.6
90.0
66.3
90.6
382.1
55.0
145*9
48.7
132.5
79.2
64 .1
15.1
55.6
22.5
44.6
119.4
23.1
33.8
16.7

1,060.8
60.1
317.9
90.5
66.7
90.9
378.3
55.3
140.5
50.1
132.4
78.6
63.5
15.1
54.7
22.2
44.6
113.1
22.8
32.8
13.3

262
263
264
265

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paperboard containers and boxes

159.3
26.1
23.5
5.7
76.4
51.1

160.4
26.3
23.7
5.7
77.0
51.4

159.0
27.5
24.4
5-9
75.0
50.6

160.1
27.4
24.4
5.9
76.4
50.4

160.4
27.4
24.5
5.9
76.4
50.7

27
271
272
273
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Book*
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Bankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

472.1
148.4
48.7
55.2
24.5
125.4
54.3
65.5
14.4
32.9
9.0

474.2
148.*0
48.3
55.9
25.1
126.9
54.8
66.5
14.5
32.5
9.3

500.2
160.5
50.8
57.2
25.1
132.1
56.1
69.8
15.4
34.9
10.5

502.4
160.9
50.2
57.5
25.2
133.1
56.0
70.8
15.4
35.1
10.8

501.6
161.0
49.7
57.5
25.1
133.4
56.5

265.0
22.7
15.5
43.2
10.6
26.6
77.5
66.0
55.0
9.2
33.0
12*4
24.9

266.0
22.9
15.7
43.7
10.7
26.9
78.7
67.1
54.1
8.7
32.7
12.4
24.8

276.6
24.4
16.1
44.1
11.5
25.9
82.0
69.9
56.2
8.7
34.8
12.9
25.5

277.5
24.6
16.2
44.2
11.6
25*8
82.5
70.2
55.7
8.7
34.2
12.9
25.9

277.6
24.6
16.2
44.1
11.7
25.5
82.8
70.3
55.7
9.2
33.6
12.8
26.0

20.3
9.8
19.5

20.1
10.0
19.4

20.5
10,5
21.0

20.9
10.8
20.9

21.1
10.8
20.8

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236

APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear . . . .
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists . .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear

2361
238 %
239
2391
2392

26
261.2,6

281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2844
285
286
2861,9
287
289

Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetic
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Gum, wood, and industrial organic
chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

104



2<k1
52.7
24,3
13.3
22.9
9.6
6.5
23.3
65.9
40.9
14.7
19.9

15." 3
34.4
10.9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Woman employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
fin thousands]
1972
SIC
Cod*

29
291

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

306
307
31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

'.

25.3
20.1

23.2
17.8

23.4
18.1

23.6
18.3

273.9
12.4
13.7

262.7
10.9
13.7

2J63.1
10.7
14.1

259.3
10.6
14.1

6.5
42.3
199.6

6.3
42.7

5.9

5.7
38.2
194.4

5.6
37.8
191.2

147.8
2.8

148.2

99.6
35.3
22.9

101.8
36.1
42.7
8.1
21.9

198.8

38.2
194.0

9.5
23.3

40.6
9.6
23.5

147.4
.2.7
99.0
35.1
42.1
8.6
23.0

1,212

1,201

1,277

1,282

1,281

60.9

60.4

68.3

69.0

66.0

10.7
7.2
4.4
36.1

11.0
7.1
4.4
35.4

13.1
7.2
5.1
40.3

13.4
7.4

13.0
7.4
5.2
37.8

147.3
131.4
15.9

142.6
126.2
16.4

152.6
135.8
16.8

150.9
3.0

Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

100.4
3TU5
40.9

TRANSPORTATION AND
PUBLIC UTILITIES
LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER
TRANSIT
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses

42
421,3
422

1980

274.6
12.2
14,0

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS

411
412
413
415

Apr.
1980

Har.

25.0
20.0

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
Petroleum refining

30
301
302
303,4

Feb.
1980

Apr.
1979

flar.
1979

Industry

TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

151.5
3.1
100.3
37.5

41.9
8.3

SO
40.4
152.2

135.6
16.6

2.6

151.8
M35.8
16.0

44

WATER TRANSPORTATION

18.5

19.2

19.7

19.6

19.3

45
451,2

TRANSPORTATION BY AIR

137.1
129.8

126.6
119.2

145.1
t37.0

145.3
137.2

146.3
137.9

2.0

2.1

2.1

2.3

2.4

Air transportation

46
PIPE LINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS

82.8

82.9

91.9

605.0
531,9
56.9

609.0
535.3
57.3

624.6
543.6
6-2.5

136.5
61 .3

47

136.5
61.7
34.3
31.4

147.6

91.9

91.1

626.4
544.5
62.9
149*2
68.6
35.5
34.8
. 5.6

629.2
546.9
63.6

TRANSPORTATION SERVICES
48
481
483
49
491
492
493
495

COMMUNICATION
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

34.0
32 .0
4 .6

4.5

5.4

8,591

8,725
1,349
753
94.1
43.8
34.5
23.9
28.5
116.5
69.3

761
93.8
44.0
34.8
24.2
29.1
117-7
69.4

273.5
49.0

1,299
721
94.3
39.7
32.2
22.7
27.2
113.2
67.1
275.5
49.2

292.9
49.7

297.9
49.6

582
41.5
63.8
81.5
144.5
31.2
48.7
19.7
111.2

578
42.2
63.9
81.2
139,6
31.3
48.6
20.1
112.6

596
43.4
67.2
85.2

597
44.1
67.1
85.8
140.5
32.6
52.8
20.9
117.8

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
50.51

WHOLESALE TRADE

1,300

8,750

8,427

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509

718
93.8
39.6
31.7
23.9
27.1
112.4
67.3

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE GOODS

51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS

Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods




67.9
35.0
34.7

,
I

150.7

69.5
35.6
35.2
5.6
8,830

1,358

141,7
32.1
52.5
20.8
116.7

1,352

760
93.2
44.4
34.4
24.5
29.4
117.9
68.6
298.7
49.3

592
44.3
67.0
85.4
145.2
32.1
52-9
20.5
113.8

105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagriculturalptyrolto by industry-Continued

1972
SIC
Code

52-59

nar.

Industry

1979

551,2
553
554

FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHING
STORES
Furniture and home furnishings
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

158.6
64.2
56. C

160.2
63.9
56.0

163.4
63.9
56.4

1,488.4
1*190.9
213.9

1,478.1
1,189.2
89.3

1,463.6
1,175.1
198.0
90.5

1,459.6

199.6

•940.0
780,7
16.4
75.8

994.3

993.3

827.5
17.9
77.7

829.5
17.2

997.1
831.6
17.5
79.2

311.8
126.3
47.0
121.7

317.1
122.3
48.1
128.. 4

317.1
121.2

46.7

130.2

318.8
119.4
47.3
133.3

651.7

653.5
59.9

657.6
60.0

309.0
125.8

46.(1

120.8

83.6

631.1
58.8

647.9
59.5

121.2
72.1

313.0
125.6
78.4

307.6

60.4
308.2
133.3
75.5

78.6

1,167.1
201.7

90.8

310.9
133.8

311.8
134.6

203.4
134.3
22.5

45.6

201.5
133.8
22.3
45.4

74.9

77.6

197.0
131.3
23.7
42.0

203.6

130.8
23.8
42.0
2,451.6

2,561.0

2,551.1

2,588.1

2,679.0

969.7
290.3

988.8
298.,5
29.3
328-0
157.5
23.7
129.5

1,021.4
314.6
* 31.8
348.9
157.8
24.4
122.5

1,012.4
314.5
31.3
350.1
156.5
24.3
114.3

1,001.3
310.1
30.7
344.5
153.9
23.7
117.6

196.6

29,9
325.8
160.0
24.3
116.9

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

133.7
22.5
47.4

2,825

3,000

3,009

1,082.8
997.6

1,085.9
1,000.4

1,087.6
1,001.9

353.7
167*7
118.7

372.2
176.3
127.1

371.0
176.6
126.3

368.3
174.9
126.4

76.6
60.7

75.5
59.4

82.0
64.5

83.1
65.6

84.1
66.2

715.8
273.3
99.2
293.4

709.8

267.2
97.4

294.9

744.2
288.0
100.1
306.6

748.6
290.9
100.9
307.9

750.1
292.6
101.3
308.5

257.2

Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

2,988

1,030.3
949.1

353.7
166.9
118*8

CREDIT AGENCIES OTHER THAN BANKS

2,828

1,025.9
944.7

BANKING
Commercial and stock savings banks

61
612

156*7
61.8
51.9

16.1
75.3

MISCELLANEOUS RETAIL
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee
:

60
602

7,478

777.6

EATING AND DRINKING PLACES

59
591
592
594
596

7,392

931.9

APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

571
572
573

7,376

82.7

AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS AND SERVICE
STATIONS
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

56
561
562
565
566

7,292

209.9

FOOD STORES
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioners
Retail bakeries

55

Apr.
1980

1,480.0
1,191.4

GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

54
541
542
546

Bar.
1980

153.2
60.5
51.1

BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN
SUPPLIES
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

53
531
533
539

1980

7,127

RETAIL TRADE

521
525

Apr.
1979

257.9

275.1

276.5

280.1

325.8
,129.5
152.6
27.7

331.2
130.4
160.9
23.5

356.7

357.5
138.5
170.6
32.8

360.6
139.8
172.0
33.6

614
62
621
63
631
632
633

SECURITY, COMMODITY BROKERS.
AND SERVICES
Security brokers and dealers
INSURANCE CARRIERS
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire> marine, and casualty insurance

64

INSURANCE AGENTS, BROKERS,
AND SERVICE

65
651
653

REAL ESTATE
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdivides and developers

,

,

COMBINED REAL ESTATE, INSURANCE. ETC . .
HOLDING AND OTHER INVESTMENT OFFICES.

SERVICES
70
701

HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

106



139.1
16.9.6
32.2

14.5

14.5

15.2

15.3

15.2

55.1

55.4

60.1

62.0

62.7

9,773

9,842

10,140

10,207

10,292

533.2
516.6

557.4
540*8

531.7
512.5

546.8
528.4

575.9
556. 9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
(In thousands]
1972
SIC
Code

Apr.
1979

Bar.
1979

Industry

1980

1980

649.8
222.8
257.6
18.4

652.2
222.6
260.1
19.2

652.8
222.8
260.0
18.9

1,258*4
68.9
53.6
58.5
184.9
302.9
134.8

1,261.5
69.4
53.2
58.3
186.7
307.1
131.7

1,258.8
68.9
52.5
59.7
187.2
300.6
134.0

97.0
«3.5

97.8
41.8

99.2
42.7

99.8
43.6

57.1

56.4

62.1

63.3

63.2

81.1
26.1
49.3

84.6
25.4
53.6

77.5
25.9
46.0

79.7
25.6
48.5

83.6
26.0
52.0

252.1

273.7

238.6

254.5

273.7

3,986.2
552.6
270.7
830.0
2,071^3

4,000.9
555.5
273.0
835.5
2,071.7

4,174.6
579.1
289.1
867.1
2,157.3

317.6

316.4

331.6

334.7

336.4

584.8
160.8
358.6

582.0
159.3
356.9

596.4
165.5
361.8

599.8
167.5
363.2

600.5
167.5
362.7

SOCIAL SERVICES

795.6

794.9

839.0

846.9

849.3

MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting auditing and bookkeeping

286.0
98.3
134.4

286.1
99.4
132.9

316.3
112.6
144.2

320.9
113.4
147.2

322.8
114.3
148.8

7,581

7,608

7,835

7,913

8,007

636.0
224.9
263.5
17.8

72
721
723
726

PERSONAL SERVICES
.
L a u n d r y cleaning and garment services
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
. . .

73
731
732
733
734
736
737

BUSINESS SERVICES
Advertising

75
753

AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES
Automotive repair shops

96.8
42*8

76

MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES . . .

78
781
783

MOTION PICTURES
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters
.

79

AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES

80
801
802
805
806

HEALTH SERVICES

81

LEGAL SERVICES

82
821
822

EDUCATIONAL SERVICES

83
89
891
893

Bar.
1980

Ffib.

Mailing reproduction stenographic

. .

Personnel supply services
Computer and data processing services

.

Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals

Colleges and universities

•••

.

GOVERNMENT
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
State government
Hospitals
State education
General administration including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
Local education
General administration including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions

1,193.7
65.9
58.6
54.6
167,6
288.3
121.0

1,190.7
65.753.6
53.4
170.6
282.9
122.5

4,183.8
581.2
288.3
869.9
2,160.4.

4,195.5
583.0
288.2
873.9
2,165.5

850

853

880

908

1,002

6,,731

6,755

6,955.

7,005

7,005

1,601.1
318.9
660.7

1*596.6
321.4
656.2

1,669.0
345.4
7 03.6

1,680.2
345.8
709.5

1,680.1
345.4
707.3

425.9
5,129.4
87.0
435.3
3,454.7

424.0
5,158.7
87.3
434.8
3,479.7

416.3
5,286.2
93.8
468.0
3,507,5

420.1
5,324.3
94.4
469.9
3,528. 1

422.6
5,325.1
96.4
472. 1
3,512-3

946.9

951.8

993.1

1,007.4

1,019.4

NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of




637.8
225.5
267.3
18.0

these revisions, establishment data in this table may differ from data published earlier.
See articie in this issue for additional information.

107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT
B-4. Employees on nonagricuttural payrolls by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
[In thousands!

197?

1980

Industry division and group

Jane

TOTAL
GOODS-PRODUCING
MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment . . .
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products . . . .
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastic products . . .
Leather and leather products

July

89,909 90,054
26,557

Aug.

90,222

26,582 26,578

Sept.

90,283

Oct.

90,441

963
4,491

4,499

21,132 21,128

90,552 90,678

Jan.

Feb.

21,055

985

992

999

1,007

1,009

1,012

1,023

1,021

4,615

4,745

4,659

4,529

4,467

4,441

4,377

20,966 20,983

20,971

20,957 20,938 20,642
\

20,282

19,969

8,200

8,143
1,689
70
868
1,291
691
1,268
1,119

21,071 21,043

8,273
1,722
70
883
1,305
708
1,244
1,110

1,298

8,279
1,723
70
885
1,302

708
1,245
1,110
211

767
247

8,249
1,712
70
881

12,693
757
498
704
1,230
1,722

2,460
2,150
2,033

695
444
8,273
1,725

12,706 12,681 12,715 12,707 12,442 12,139 11,905
743
745
737
646
689
656
746
497
495
494
455
491
471
497
705
705
700
644
680
662
704
1,215
1,214
1,209
1,091
1,193
1,143
1,219
1,707
1,711
1,711
1,574
1,678
1,621
1,718
2,459 2,532 2,529 2,530 2,518 2,514 2,469
2,169
2,168
2,176
2,094
5,167
2,126
2,163
1,970
2,006 2,006 1,885 1,820 1,820
2,057
699
702
705
696
703
701
69S
444
440
439
416
438
425
445
8,277
1,724

8,290
1,716

8,242
1,713

67

68

1,251
1,114
212

766
247

762
246

756
246

755
245

888
1,313
709
1,273
1,121
161
751
245

63,887 64,048

64,088

64,316

5,216

5,212

5,202

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

20,217 20,254 20,301 20,352 20,414 20,479 2 0 , 4 4 8

20,529

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

5,205 5,214
15,012 15,040

15,079

4,989

5,019

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES.

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

€3,352

5,168

4,970

209
774
248

63,472 63,694 63,729
5,156

25,367

4,553

888
1,305
710

SERVICE-PRODUCING

90,088

982

66

239

90,602

26,121 25,746

4,529

889
1,296
708
1,261
1,118
213

1,243
1,112
208
781

Jun*

4,507

64

709

May*

Apr.

91,031 91,186 91,144 90,951

887
1,294
708
1,259
1,116
212

886
1,316

Har.

26,554 26,554 26,504 26,590 26,715 26,623 26,476

12,837 12,841 12,782 12,8-22 12,764
768
767
766
768
764
4 98
497
499
496
499
709
708
709
711
710
1,236
1,242
1,260
1,262
1*250
1,723
1,723
1 ,726 1,713
1,732
2,478
2,518
2,502 2,513
2,509
2,149
2,140
2,136 2,140
2,109
2,095 2,092
2,089 2,090 2,063
696
693
691
690
693
444
444
445
445
446
8,287
1,722
71

Dec.

976

953
4,472

8,295
1,728
71
887
1,311
706
1,23 8
1,115
209
779
251

HOT.

5,182

5,222

5,185

709

5,203

1,269
1,121
214

8,231
1,704
68
888
1,316
708
1,274
1,123
157

749
244

1,690
69
884
1,302
702
1,272
1,123
175
740
243

205
704

8,064
1,678
71
851
1,291

683
1,265
1,103
203

238

682
237

64,563 64,668 64,630 64,856

64,721

5,178

5,162

5,143

20,637 20,610 20,531

20,496

20,422

5,198

5,202

5, 246 5,269 5,251 5,278 5,302 5#301 5,286 5,268 5,241
5,228
15,124 15,168 15,210 15,197 15,251 15,335 15,309 15,245 15,228 15,181
5,017

5,033

5,049

5,064

5,091

5,101

5,115

5,119

5,139

5,153

SERVICES

17,074 17,114 17,152 17,192 17,264 17,308 17,362 17,462 17,540 17,580 17,618 17,668 17,618

GOVERNMENT

15,923 15,959 16*040 *5,,983 15,973 15,996 16,002 16,032 16,087 16,161 16,384 16,391 16,385

FEDERAL
STATE AND LOCAL

2,783 2,784 2,811
2,762
13,140 13,175 13,229 13,221

2,769
13,204

3,077
3,094
2,826
2,773 2,773
3,115
2,836
2,791
13,223 13,229 13,241 13,261 13,275 13,269 13,297 13,3C8

_L
p* preliminary.

108



NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, establishment data in this table may differ from data published earlier.
See article in this Issue for additional information.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT
B-6. Women employ*** on nonagricuttural payroll* by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
llnthounndi)
1980

1979
Industry division and group

Apr.

June

Kay

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

NOT.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

36,798 36 ,898 37,021 3 7 , 230 37,431 37,350 3 7 , 5 2 1 37,693 3 7 , 7 3 9 3 7 . 9 4 1 38,139 38,157 3 8 , 213

TOTAL . . .

6,902

GOODS-PRODUCING

87

MINING*

6,945

6
89

963

6,912

6,935

t . 965

6,967

6 , 990

7,010

7,017

7,025

965

92

94

95

93

94

95

95

95

97

99

100

348

352

356

362

362

366

367

371

373

375

377

380

382

6,467

6 ,478

6,4'97

6 , 507

6,455

6,476

6 , 504

6,501

6 , 522

6 ,540

6,543

6,546

483

DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furnitures and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical'
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment '
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind

3,085
115
147
134
134
359
470
893
327
293
213

3 ,092
115
146
134
135
359
472
897
331
293
210

3,110
115
146
134
138
361
474
906
331
294
211

3 , 116
114
148
134
137
361
477
914
326
294
211

3,077
114
148
133
135
360
475
898
308
295
211

3,115
116
147
134
135
360
483
911
324
295
210

3 , 119
116
147
134
134
361
483
916
322
296
210

3,120
113
147
134
134
362
486
918
320
296
210

3 , 136
112
147
135
133
36?
489
929
320
297
212

3 ,140
111
147
135
132
362
500
932
311
298
212

3,141
112
146
135
132
362
501
933
310
300
210

3,148
112
146
135
132
361
503
937
311
302
209

3,103
104
146
132
131
352
500
931
298
301
208

NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,382
508
26
420
1,071
162
474
268

3 ,386
511
27
419
1 ,068
161
475
270
26
277
152

3,387
5H
26
420
1,061
161
478
273
27
277
153

3 , 391
506

3,378
507
25
419
1,057
162
484
272
27
275
150

3,361
499
26
419
1,051
161
487
271
27
270
150

3 , 385
51?

3,381
510
23
422
1,050
161
494
276
27
268
150

3 , 386
511

3,400
510
24

3,402
509
24
424

3,398
503
24
424
1,066
162
503
280
23
264
149

3 , 380
500

CONSTRUCTION

. .

MANUFACTURING

.
....

SERVICE-PRODUCING

25
276
152

419
072
16?
482
273
27
281
144

1

4?0
' 055
16?
490
274
?7
269
150

4?4
1 , 050
161
496
278
28
266
149

1 ,059
16?
500
278
28
267
149

#

162
502
280
23
265
149

1

4??
' 0 56
16?
50?
280
24
261
148

29,896 29 ,979 30,076 3 0 , 267 30,519 30,415 3 0 , 556 30,726 3 0 , 749 3 0 ,931 31,122 31,132 3 1 , 248

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES.

1,205

1 ,221

1,239

1 , 2.41

1,249

1,258

1 , 262

1,274

1 , 27 3

1 ,273

1,280

1,283

1 , 286

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE ..

8,690

8 ,706

8,718

8, 7 5 1

8,781

8,804

8, 842

8,875

8 , 846

8 ,926

8,99?

8,973

8 , 947

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

1,309
7,381

1 ,316
7 ,390

1,318
7,400

1, 326
7 , 425

1,327
7,454

1,330
7,474

1 , 333
7 , 509

1,341
7,534

1 , 343

1 r 351
7 ,575

1,361
7,634

1,365
7,608

363
7 , 584

930

2,941

,98?

3,001

3,008

018

i. 503

FINANCE. INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

2,838

,855

2,875

887

2,906

2,912

SERVICES

9,814

9 ,857

9,883

9 , 924

9,955

9,991 10, 031 10,063 10, 094 10 ,150 10,225

GOVERNMENT

7,349

7. ,340

7,361

7, 464

7,628

7,450

7 , 491

7,573

851
6,498

856
6 ,484

858
6,503

RSO
6 , 605

874
6,754

863
6,587

864
6 , 627

863
6,710

FEDERAL . . . .
STATE AND LOCAL

1
The unadjusted data are shown because the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle
and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.




95?

10,217 10, 261

7 , 584

7 ,600

7,621

7,651

7 , 736

6 , 715

873
6,727

885
6, 736

912
6,739

1 f 000
6, 736

NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, establishment data In this table may differ from data published earlier.
See article in this issue for additional information.

109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT
B-6. Production or nonsupsrvisory workers1 on private nonagricuKural payrolls by industry division and major
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands]

.

1979

1980

Industry division and group

June

TOTAL PRIVATE

60,468

Aug.

19,369

715

723

731

3,573

MINING

S«pt.

Oct.

BOY.

60,545 60,582 60,667 60,795

19,438 19,452

GOODS-PRODUCING

19,386
734

Dec.

60,857

60,958

19,368 19,306 19,382

736

737

Jan.

74C

746

3,666

3,814

3,589

3,592

3,594

3,607

3,621

15,046

15,058

15,025

14,9 48

9,173

9,103

9,129

9,069

9,001

9,009

654
404
562
995

653
406
559
991
1,306
1,656

652
406
559

654
405

656
4 06
556
968

644
406
553
962

633
40!
553
952

1,299
1,625
1,403
1,397
421
338

1,298
1,613
1,397
1,371
419
338

1,293
1,409
1,397
421
340

948
1,282
1,659
1,414
1,304
421
338

5,956
V184
56
772

5,947

5,947
1,»188
52

5 # 958
1,182
53

DURABLE GOODS

.

NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products . . .
Leather and leather products

SERVICEPRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

558
975
1,301

1,407
1,435
420
340

983
1,290
1,644
1,377
1,430
421
341

5,967

5,967

5,943

5,929

1,188

1,312
1,649
1,404
1,442
421
340

1,656
1,398
1,423
420

339

1,182

1,181

1,172

57
772

56
772

55
769

56
768

1,122
535

1,131

698
635

539
704
633

136
610
214

136
611
203

538
704
632
136
604
210

1,110
538

706
633

1,114

539
709
635

137

137

599

599

210

211

14,956 14,911

1,606

Bar.

Apr-

60,725 60,330

19,471 19,371 19,181 18,814

9,183

MANUFACTURING

Feb.

61,206 61,308 61,124

15,150 15,140

CONSTRUCTION

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind

July

8,953
629
404
554

750

755

763

757

3,750

3,581

3,509

3,492

3,435

14,871 14,850 14,550 14,181 13,925

8,967
629
403
553
945

8,686
577
398
530
924

1,286
1,649
1,408
1,336
423
335

8,96.1
621
401
54 9
941
1,286
1,649
1,4*3
1,339
427
335
5,88.9
1,169
53
775
1,126
537
717

5,864

1,252
1,630
1,400
1,220
423
332

776

776

1,108
537
714

1,117
539
7*8

636

637

639

637

636

637

137
595

138
589
208

139
588
207

91
584
207

88
582

109
573
205

209

18,436 18,117

750

5,904
1,177
53
775
1,423
538
719

1,187
49
773
1,108
538
715

59,852

206

1,157

54
771
1,111
532
715

8,386

546
379
513
875
1,197
1,621
1,359
1,156
420
320
5,795
1,155
54
755
1,100
521

709
630
131

539
201

8,183
538

364
497
830
1,158
1,588
1,321
1,158
418
311
5,742
1,149
54
740
1,104
513
708

623
131
520
200

41,030 41,093 41,213 41,281 41,427 41,551 41,576 41,735 41,937 41,943 41,911 41,894 41,735

4,331

4,318

4,341

4,342

4,360

4,370

4,361

4,347

4,,346

4,345

4,329

4,309

4,304

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

17,769 17,793 17,839 17,878

17,938 17,990 17,970 18,028 18,138 18,098 18,029 17,974 17,881

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

4,284
4,277
4,;291
4,276
13,493 13,516 13,555 13,587

4,306
13,632

FINANCE. INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

1

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.

p » preliminary.

110




3,778

3,788

3,812

3., 805

15,152 15,194 15,221 15,256

4,33
4,318
4,321
13,669 13,652 13,696
3,82:

3,844

15,318 15,372 15,42:

15,516

3,811

3,819

4,334
4,347
4,348
13,790 13,751 13,695

4,305
13,669

3,869

3,896

3,909

15,680 15,715

15,641

3,860

15,593 15,631

3,873

4,283
13,598

NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, establishment data In this table may differ from data published earlier.
See article in this issue for additional information.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT
B-7. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased

Van and month

Over 1 -month span

Over 3-month span

Over 6-month span

Over 12

1977
January
February
March

72.4
66.9
73.5

78.5
84.3
83.1

86.0
85.8
84.9

79.1
80.8
82.3

April
May
June

72.4
71.2
65.1

83.4
76.2
71.2

80.8
80.2
77.9

83.4
85.2
86.0

July
August
September

64.0
60.5
70. 1

67.7
72.1
72.1

74.1
76.7
79.1

84.9
82.6
82.3

October
November
December

65.1
71.8
75.0

77.6
78.5
78.2

81.4
84.6
82.0

82.6
80.8
81.7

January
February
March

68.6
68.6
71.8

80.8
77.3
80.2

82.3
82.8
79.9

79.7
82.3
81.1

April
May
June

69.8
61.9
64.2

74.7
73.0
66.6

74,
75,
74.7

84.6
83.7
82.6

July
August
September

61.0
67.7
67.2

68.0
70.1
74.1

73.3
77.6
80.5

81.1
79.9
79. 1

October
November
December

68.0
75.3
74.7

78.2
81.1
81.7

82.0
79.1
78.2

74.
76,
74.4

January
February
March

66.9
66.3
62.2

75.9
70.3
64.0

74.7
71.8
64.0

73.3
70.6
69.2

April
May
June

49.7
58.1
57.8

60.2
54.7
59.9

60.5
53.8
51.5

67.7
63.4
58.4

July
August
September

57.0
54.4
52.9

53.8
52.0
57.6

58.1
55.5
55.2

59.6
54.9
50.6

October
November
December

65.1
55.2
53.5

61.9
61.9
57.3

59.3
63.1
56.4

44.2
40.4p
37.5p

January
February
March

60.2
54.9
45.9

57.6
52.6
36.6

42.7
37.5p
30. 8p

April
May
June

28.2
29.7p
20.9p

30.2p
21.5p

19 78

1979

1980

July
August
September.
October.
November
December
1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted, on payrolls of 172 private nonagricultural industries,
p * preliminary.




NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS revised establishment survey data to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal
adjustment factors. Because of these revisions, establishment data in
this table may differ from data published earlier. See article in this
issue for additional information.

in

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricuttural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division
(In thousands)

Construction

Total
Statt and area

HAT 7
1980P

HAT
1979

1 , 3 6 2 , 1 1,365.2 1,360.2
358.0
362.2
361.5
120.9
120.0
119.7
147.5
147.9
149.0
107.8
107.7
108.8
50.3
50.4
50.4

16.7
10.0

17.2
10.1
(1)
(1)

1.3

1.7

6.0

5.9

HA I

1979
ALABAMA . . . .
Birmingham .
Huntsville...
Mobile
Montgomery.
Tuscaloosa..

APB.
1980

(D
(1)
O)

1980

HI I
1979

APB. HAI
1980 1980P

1.8

77.3
22.2
4.7
10.6
8.7
3.0

68.0
21.2
4.2
10.3
8.7
2.4

(•)

9.7

8.6

24.0
.3
7.5

84.4
55.7
14.8

74.6
49.5
13.7

42.0
3.3
3.3
10.0
2.8

37.1
3.3
2.7

HAY
1980P

10.1

(D

ALASKA

169.3

ARIZONA .
Phoenix.
Tucson .

971.0 1,008.3 1,003.1
608.0
632.2
629.2
182.1
174.3
183.1

21.0
.2

6.4

23.7
.3
7.4

ARKANSAS
Fayetteville—Sprlngdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock . . .
Pine Bluff

755.9
64.1
69.1
182.2
32.5

753.4
65.5
67.3

4.8

4.8

4.8

(1)
.9
(1)

(D

165.0

754.5
66.3
65.1
181.2
32.3

(*)

181.6
32.0

(1)
.8

(D
(1)

9,804.2 9,803.8
832.4
834.3
127.7
128.2
185.8
186.1
3,676.7 3,663.8
86.9
87.5
149.1
150.5
446.3
446.8
402.9
404.4
87 f 3
86.5
647.9
647.5
1,531.7 1,535.1
655.2
655.8
119.4
120.8
89 f 6
90.3
117.8
119.6
97.7
98.3

39.0
2.2

COLORADO
Denver—Boulder.
CONNECTICUT
Bridgeport
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven—West Haven
Stamford
Waterbury

CALIFORNIA
9,623,
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove.
804.
Bakersfield
124.
Fresno
180.
Los Angeles—Long Beach
3,586.
Modesto
85.
Oxnard-Simi Valley-Ventura
146.
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario .
431.
Sacramento
390.
Salinas—Seaside—Monterey .
87.
San Diego
635.
San Francisco—Oakland
1,511.
San Jose
628.
Santa Barbara-Santa M a r i a - L o m p o c .
119.
Santa Rosa
88.
Stockton
117.
Vallejo—Fairfield-Napa
96.

DELAWARE . .
Wilmington.

45

53
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
WashingtonSMSA . . . .

112



40.4
2.2
10.8

.8
(1)
(1)

9.0
2.8

HAI
1979

AfB.
1980

HAY
1 9 8 OP

373.7
70.7
36.7
29.2
16.0
9.2

368.8
68.5
35.7
29.8
16.8
8.6

363.7
66.8
35.4
29.6
16.6
8.7

13.2

10.7

<*)

72.7
48.4
13.3

139.8
104.0
17.7

151.7
111.6
20.3

151.3
111.3
20.4

36.9
3.4
2.9
9.4
3.1

218.0
19.5
24.2
32.0

211.8
19.3
21.5

207.8
19.0
21.6
30.4

67.9
21.5
4.3
9.2
7.8
2.4
(•)

6.2

30.8
6.0

6.0

2.4
.1
1.2
.4
.1
• 2

12.1
•1
2.4
2.6
<.4
.7
.7
2.4
.2
1.2
•4
.1
.3

40.8 458.2 4 3 3 . 3 423.8 1 , 9 8 4 . 9 1 , 9 9 1 . 6 1,973.8
46.7
50.8
46.9
2.2
213.2
220.7
219.7
6.2
6.8
6.3
10.9
9.0
9.6
9,6
12.7
.9
13.0
13.1
23.2
22.9
22.7
12.2 119.0 114.8 112.5
928.8
923.8
934.6
6.6
6.4
6.5
17.7
.1
17.8
17.5
8.3
8.3
8.1
23.4
2.4
24.0
23.7
29.0 29.6 29.7
67,4
2.5
67.0
67.7
23.8
26.2
23.3 23.0
.4
26.4
26.2
3.6
2-9
10.4
3.1
.7
9*1
8.6
40.9 37.5 36.8
100.8
.7
102.7
102.9
73.3 72.3 72.7
205.4
2.5
201.8
199.2
26.0 24.8 24.8
218.1
•2
231.4
232.3
5.2
5.2
16.4
5.2
1.2
16.0
14.9
6.1
5.4
5.5
.4
13.9
14.2
14.2
6.4
6.1
6.1
.1
20.5
20.2
19.7
4.9
4.7
4,6
.3
10.4
10.1
10.1

1 , 2 0 7 . 7 1,251,0 1,252-1
799.7
771.7
801.4

29.5
15.7

32.2
17.1

32.6
17*3

77.8
47.0

78.9
46.2

79.1
45.8

177.3
122.0

183.0
126.6

182.2
126.1

1,403.4 1,411.1 1,415.0
168.2
168.2
165.2
397.8
399.4
387.5
62.4
62.2
59.8
192.6
191.8
187.8
108.7
108.1
106.5
89.4
89.4
88.8

(2)
(2)
<2i
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

52.4
5,9
12.9
2.2
7.2
4.8
3.2

43.9
5.3
11.0
1.7
5.3
4.5
3,1

45.9
5.5
11.9
1.9
5.3
4.7
3.5

434.6
64.8
95.8
27.1
45.3
31.2
34.2

441.7
66.4
99.9
29,5
44.2
31.9
32.1

438.1
65.4
99.7
29.2
43.7
31.9
31.7

(D
(D

(D
CD

15^9
16.2

13.6
12.7

14.0
12.9

70.1
64.1

67.3

60.7

70.1
63.3

(D

14.7
80.9

14.3
73.3

14.4
74.0

15.2
53.2

15.5
54.9

15.5
54.7

232.7 266.4 266.2
3.3
3.0
2.9
4,7
4.4
4.7
(D
25.9 30.1 30.3
(1)
8.2
7.6
8.2
(D
3.6
3.1
3.9
(1)
15.9 15.7 15.7
CD-

437.6
7.0

447.4
7.3
8.0
41.5
4.0

439-2
7.2
7.9

3.6
33.7

3.6
34.0
20.4

10.6
•9
11.8
• 1
2.4
2.6

.4
•J
.7

254.6
219.9

259.5
223.8

(D
(D

615,7
618.6
1,507.7 1,517.5

620.6
1,528.6

.9

(D

258.4
227.9

FLORIDA
3,359.2 3,538.0
Bradenton
42.9
42.0
Daytona Beach
77.3
74.7
Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood..
335.3
321.0
Fort Myers—Cape Coral
62.5
60.6
Gainesville
65.3
62.9
Jacksonville
286.4
286.6
Lakeland-Winter Haven . . . . .
115.1
110.5
Melbourne-Titusville-Cocoa
101.1
96.8
Miami
715.9
689.5
Orlando
282.1
273. 1
Panama City
33.6
32.7
Pensacola
96.5
95.1
Sarasota
71.2
67.4
Tallahassee
73.1
70.4
Tampa—St. Petersburg
527.8
517.1
West Palm Beach—Boca Raton
203.3
190.9
See footnotes at end of table.

d)

Manufacturing

(1)

(1)

0)

9.9

10.1

10.2

76.0
332.5

(D
(D

61.6

(1)

(D
(D
(D
(D

42.6

65.5
286.3

(D
0)

113.1
100*9
710.9
282.5
33.4

5.5

97.0
69.8
73.6
524.0
201.6

fD
(D
(1)

O)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(t)
(1)

(1)
5.8

(D

5.8

(D
(1)

n>

(D
d)
(U
d

(D
(?)
(D
(D
(D
(D
1

8.2

6.4
34.5
17.7
2.2

6.6
7.2
3.4
35.0
17.7

8*4

8.8

5.9

6.0
40.7

41.3
19.2
2.2
6.8

6.9
3.1
35.0
18.4

19.3
2.2

6.6
6.6
3.1
34.0
18.1

8.1

39.3
3.7
3.8

34.6
2 0.2
19.6
100.0
35.2
3.1
13.3
6.2
2.6

72.9
25.5

21.9
21.5
100.4

36.4
3.2
12.8

6.0
2.4
72.9
27.3

41.5
4.0

21.2
99.1
35.9
3.1
12.8

5.9
2.4
72.1
27.2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE A N D AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division—Continued
(In thousands)
Tf sraportotlon snd
public utilitin

yjt_i-- A |_

• • • • I I -«

Financs, insurance,
and real estate

•-

ffVKMMfllOrnnMm i l l Tr«u€

1979

APE. HAT
1980 1980P

72.0
28.6

72.3
29.0

• AY

j

72.2
29.1

1979

APR.
1980

275.0
84.9
22.2
36.5
24. 2

277.6
86.9
22.3
37.0
23.6

HAT

HAT

HAT

1980P

1979

277.0 58.4
87. 1 22*7
3,4
22.4
7.0
36.7
6.0
23.6

Government

Services

APR. HAT
1980 1980P
57.7
23.0

57.7
23.0
3.4
7.4
6.0
1.7

APfc.
1980

HAT.
1980P

HAT

1979

1979

APB.
1980

197.8
64.2
17.0
28.1
19.5

200.9
66.7
17.3
27.6
19.6

200.6
66.8

6.0

6.3

6.4

291.2
54.7
34.2
25.1
28.7
17.6

302.7
56.8
34.1
26.1
29.5
18.1

304.0
57*1
34.4
26.2
29.5
18.0

(*)

55.7

55.6

<*)

7
8
9
10

HAT

HAT

1980f

9,6

9.8

9.7

1.7

3.4
7.4
6.0
1.7

29*6

28.9

<*)

8.7

8.1

(*)

29.7

30.5

231.7
154.3
38.9

241.6
161.7
40.5

241.1
161.4
40.2

54.0
41.5

56.9
43.9

56.6
43.7

7.8

8.3

8*2

168.7
120.8
36.0

198.3
129.2
37.9

197.2
128.1
37.7

203.1
102.7
43.9

212.1
106.7
46.4

211.1
106.8
46.2

162.1
16.4
14.1
41.4

162.3
16.4
15*0
41.4

31.0

31.9

32.1

110.5

116.5

116.4

2.2
2.4

2.3
2.5

2.3
2.6

8.3

8.8

8.7

142.1
11.5

147.2
12.2

147.0
11.7

8.7

12..4

12.5

11.1
35.0

8.7

12.3

11.1
33*5

11.a

13.7

163.5
15.6
14*8
42,2

37.9

39.1

3.8

6.5

6.4

6.3

1.3

1.3

1,3

5.0

5,0

6.7

6.7

1
2
3
4
5
6

2.7

2.7

2.7

11.0

11.1

11.0

4.7
1.9

4.6
1.8

4.6
1.7

16.6

16.7

(*)

48.3
28.8

49.4
29.3

49.1
29.2

6.8

8.6

8.6

44.0

43.1

43.1

3*7
3.8

4.0
3.7

4.0
3.7

14.3

13.7

4.0

4.1

34.8
5.0

17.4
27.8
19.6

11
12
9 . 6 13
39.2 14
6 . 5 15

522.2 541.8 546.5 2,200.0 2,234.2 2,248.5 591.4 607.7 610.3 2,054.7 2,152.7 2,154.7 1,773.5 1,602.5 1,805.4
168.5
111. f
110.6
105.6
168.7
161.8
203.2 5 U 5 54.9 54.9
201.9
193.9
25.9 26*9 27.3
22,5
4.5
4.6
7.8
4.5
7.7
7.5
33.4
33.5
31.3
22.6
22.3
33.1
32.9
32.0
36.6
42.8
43.4
41.3
36*7
35*1
48.1 10.5 11.1 11.1
47.5
46.8
10.4 10.4 10.7
845.2
513.8
513.5
494.8
842.5
802.7
830.0 223.0 225.4 225.6
826.1
809.5
196.5 203.0 203.4
3.5
16.5
3.5
3.4
3.8
3.7
3.8
17.0
16.9
16.9
16.6
15.9
22.3
22.2
20.9
29.4
6.9
6.9
6.9
6.2
6.1
6.2
38.8
37.9
36.6
29.4
28.5
34.7
34.4
34.4
92.2
103.4
102.8
99.2
92.4
87.9
108.2 18.5 19.2 19.3
107.9
103.1
23.6 24.3 24.3
74.5
139.6
139.3
136.6
75.3
70.3
96.3 20.4 21.2 21.3
96.1
91.1
21.2 21.9 21.9
4.4
4.4
4.2
19.2
4.9
4.6
4.8
23.7
23.7
22.7
19.3
19.1
22.3
22.2
22.3
147.2
146.9
146.0
142.6
148.2
141.8
146.6 37.0 38.1 37.8
146.9
144.2
27.8 28.2 28.2
340.6
294.6
295.2
292.8
340.4
330.2
353.6 139.3 142.8 142-7
352.4
348.8
119.5 126. 8 126.8
146.9
80.9
81.1
80.6
147.3
139.8
423.3 25.6 26,2 26.2
123.2
117.7
20.7 21.1 21.1
32.7
5.4
5.4
5.4
4.7
4.7
4.7
24.5
24.4
24.7
32.9
31.8
30.9
30.9
30.3
5.5
5.4
17.3
5.5
4*6
4.5
4.4
20.5
20.2
20.2
17.3
17.2
22.1
22.0
21.1
5.0
5.0
24.1
4.8
8.9
8.7
8.4
28.1
27.7
27.6
24.1
23.1
27.1
26.4
26.7
3.4
3.4
si 8.6
3.4
4.5
4.5
4.6
35.6
35.5
35.0
18.8
18.1
20.9
20.7
20.3

16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

74.3
52.6

76.6
53.6

77.1
53.9

297.2
188.8

301.6
191.7

302.4
192.3

73.5
52.9

77.7
56.3

236.3
157.4

252* 3
166.7

251.7
168.0

241.9
135. 2

248.7
141.6

249.2
141.7

61.6

62.1

62.4

6.1

6.2

15.4

297.5
34.1
83.1
10.7
41*0
24.6
15.6

299.6
34.5
83.0
10.8
41.3
24.6
15.7

98.5 101.9 102.1

6.1

275.3
31.2
72.4

279.4
32.5
74.5
10.1
47.9
26.3
19.6

282.0
32.7
74.6
10.2
48.6
26.8
19.7

183.5
16.6
53.9

184.6
17.0
54.4

184.9
17.0
54.9

9.6

9.6

11.4

11.8

35
36
37
6 . 9 38
27.3 39
9 . 5 40
12. 1 41

46.4
40s 8

47.1
41.4

45.6
37.7

46.7
38.7

46.8
38.9

42
43

15.9
1.4

16.0

1.5

16.0

16.0

16.1

3.7
3.2

3.9
3.2

4.0
3.2

297.5
33.6
80.9
10*7
40.1
24.2
15.6

12.6
12.1

12.7
12.1

12.7
12.1

56.6
46.5

56.2
44.1

25.7
65.0

25.7
67.0

25.7
67.3

65.7
285.7

208.0 218.0 217.1

891.1
12,3
21.2
92.9
17.8
14.3
73.8
26.9
21.3
178*3
75.6

1.5

J.4
3*1

1.4
3*3

1.4
3.3

16.1

16.2

16.2

3.4
1.6

3.8

3.9
1.6

23.4

M.7
23.6

23.3

5.0
4.3

5.3
4.6

5.3
4.6

68.0
13.7

71.0
13.8

70.7
13.6

1.6
4.9
2.8
2.3

1.7
5.2
2.9
2.4

1.6
5.3
2.9
2.4

29.1

29.4

29.2

8.3

8*5

8.6




77*6
56.1

6.8

6.8

6.9

56.1

33
34

59.0
1.9

59.3

4.8

10.0

10*5

10.5

7.3
3.3

7.3
3,4

7.2
3.5

44.9
25.5
18.5

57.0
44.4

11.7
10.8

11.8
10.8

11.8
10.8

45.8
40.5

64.3
281.2

64.2
283.3

34.5
89.0

34.1
89.8

34.4
90.5

173.7
389.7

179,,. 1
402.2

178.4
403.5

286.2
544.2

285.6
549.1

288.0
555.3

44
45

947.7
13.1
21.7
93.2
17.6
14.2
72.9
27.6
22.3
183.1
73.4

943,'2
12.9
21.0
90.5
17.0
14.1
72.7
27.2
22.5
183.1
73*. 1

230.6 240.9 241.2

736.6

785.5
8.4
21.2
82.3
12*6
10.7
59.0
22.8
24.0
174.8
74.7
6.4
19.8
17.9
12.4
127.2
. 49.6

775.6

612.6

622.0

625.4

46

8.1

8.5

7,4

6.9

7 . 0 47

14.1
44.8
10.7
28.8
54.3
17.2
18.7
94.0
45.7

14.0 48
45.5 49
10.6 50
28.8 51
54.5 52
17. 153
18.8 54
94.2 55
45.7 56
9 . 6 57
.5.7 58

9.1

8.5

8.6

22.0
19.9
14.1
142.9
48.9

22.0
21.5
15.2
145.0
52.3

22.3
20.8
15.1
143.4
51-5

1.9

2.5
4.1

2.8
4.3

2.7
4.3

26.2

27.2

27*2

5.1
2.8

5.6
2.7

5.5
2.7

27.6

27.2

27.2

5.8
3.9

6.1
4.1

6.1
4.1

49.1
17.3

51.3
18.9

50.8
19.0

1.7
4.4
5.4
3.0

1.9
4.3
5.7
2.9

1.9
4.4
5.6
3.0

35.7
15.5

37.4
16.5

37.6
16.4

9.6

20.3
76.3
12.4
10.3
57.3
21.8
23.0
167.3
71. 0
6.1

19.0
16.3
10.0
120.6
45.7

20.8
81.3
12.4
10.8
58.9
22.4
23.7
172.3
75.9
6.4

19.9
17.7
12.2
126.6
48.8

6.9

6.9

24.4

26.9

13.5
44.3
10.6
27.0
54.0
17.1
16.3
92.3
42.6
8.9

9.7

24.9

25.6
10.3
34.7
80.9
30.7

9.6

35.0
60.9
29.3

1C.3 59
35.4 60
81.1 61
31.0 62

113

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricuhural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division-Continued
(In thouandt)
Mining

Total

MtntifscturtnQ

Construction

State and area
HAY
1979

APB.
1980

HAY
1980P

2,116.1
43,9
932.6
120.4
82.2
95.2
85.5

2,137.0
45.6
940.8
121.7
83.0
95.5
83.9

2,130.3
45.1
942.7
120.6
83.1
95.2
83.7

7.6
(1)
(1)

8 HAWAII
q
Honolulu

392.3
324.8

410.5
339.6

408.7
337-7

(1)

10 IDAHO
Boise City
11

338.7
83.3

325.9
78.3

(•)
(*)

(*)
1? ILLINOIS
49.9
Bloomington—Normal
13
73.2
Champaign—Urbana—Rantoul .
14
Chicago—Gary15
(*)
3
Chicago SMSA
16
3,226.2
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline . . .i
17
165.6
Decatur
18
54.0
35.3
Kankakeo
19
155.0
Peoria
20
122.2
Rockford
«
21
83.4
Springfield
22

<*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)

HAT
1379

APR. HAY
1980 1980P

HAY
1979

Affi*
1980

HAY
1980P

5.9
3.8
4.1
4.4

528.5
10.4
144.0
36.3
21.7
15.3
16.5

519.4
11.3
141.2
36.4
21.9
16.0
16.0

514.5
11.1
141.0
36.2
21.8
15.7
16.0

23.1
18.0

23*4
17.4

22.9
16.2

23.0
16.4

58.1
9.5

52.9
9.5

(•)
(*)

180.3
1.4
2.2
(•)
13.7
7.1
2.4
1.4
7.3
3.5
3.6

(*)
7.5
7.7
(*)
853.8
51.1
20.1
10.1
52.5
56.4
7.2

(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)

109.4 101.6
1.4
1.0
2.1
2.5
6.9
6.3
7.6
8.5
19.3
19.6
23.8
25.2
2.0
2.3
2.1
1.8
5.0
4.8
4.0
3.5

08.3
1.1
2.2
7.2
8.0
19.2
25.2
2.2
1.9
4.9
3.6

750.3
25.5
43.5
40.0
64.9
106.5
135.3
12.4
15.1
35.3
17.4

690.9
20.5
39.5
37*0
49.8
97.1
125.9
11.8
13.7
32.2
16.7

686.1
19.0
37.7
36.3
58.5
95.3
125.9
11.5
13.3
31.4
16.3

59.3
4*1
8.2
1.3
2.4
2.9

47.7
3.7
6.9
1,5
2.2
3.1

48.4
3.6
6.8
1.6
2.4
3.4

260.7
29.3
26.7

251.6
28.9
26.5
17.2
8.7
24*9

244.2
28.5
24.5
16-8

49.4
1.3
4.2
10.1

51.4
1.2
4.2
10.3

198.8
4.8

187*5

64.6

192.1
5.0
10.9
67.6

299.7
31. C
111.6
7.0

280.9
30.1
100.7
6.4

281.4
29.2
(*)
6.5

208.5
5.8
25.7
3.6
12.9
7.7
53.7
27.3

206.4
5.6
25.8

HAY
1979

A*B.
1980

HAY
1980P

96.8
3.2
38.0
6.1
3.6
4.0
4.4

97.0

7.5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

7.5
(1)
(1)
(1)

(U

98.4
4.3
39.8
6.5
4.0
4.4
5.3

(D

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

22.8
18.6

23.0
18.2

4.0

3.6

(D

(D

(*)
(**

19.3
6.1

14.7
4.9

(*)
50.4
75.5
(*)
3,230.4
163.1
54.0
34.5
152.6
121.0
86.0

30.4
(2)
(2)
(•)
5.0
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(*)

29.4

(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)

(2)
(2)
<•>
5.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(21.

187.2
1.7
2.2
(•)
119.4
7.7
2.6
1.3
8.0
3.4
2^9

(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

2,273.5 2,219.2 2,232.7
23 INDIANA
45.7
47.2
53.9
Anderson
21
72.9
74.5
79.8
2*>
Elkhart
127.2
126.7
130.3
Evansville
26
187.6
179.9
170.3
27
Port Wayne
264.9
263.8
273.0
Gary-Hammond-East Chicago ?. . .
28
542.7
540.1
545.4
Indianapolis
29
56.6
58.1
56.2
Lafayette—West Lafayette . . .
30
51.0
50.8
51.9
Muncie
31
113.1
114*3
117.8
South Bend
32
65.7
66.4
33
68.0
Terre Haute

10.9
0)

10.9
(1)

11.1

2.9
(1)

2.6
(1)
(1)
(1)

2.7
(1)

(1)
1.4

(1)
1.5

1.5

1,142.7 1,129.2 1,125.3
85.9
86.4
85.0
179.2
181.1
183.1
44.9
44.8
45.2
50.2
50.0
49.7
68.8
69.3
67.5

2.6
(1)

(D

2.4
(1)
(IK

2.5
(1)
(1)

(1)

(1)

1 GEORGIA
2
Albany .
3
Atlanta . . .
/\
Augusta
t\
Columbus
6
Macon
7
Savannah

. . .
34 IOWA
Cedar Rapids
35
Des Moines
36
Dubuque
37
Sioux City
38
Waterloo—Cedar Falls
39

955.1

(D
(1)
(1)

(D

(D

(1)

(D
(D

(D

(D

(D

(1)

(D

0)
(1)

(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
P>

3.4

38.1

(*)
(•)

(D

(D
O)
(U

14.4
(2)
.2
2.6

14.6
(2)
.2
" 2.7

52.0
1.4
3.7

74.1
9.5
21.2
2.2

60.3
9.5
16.7
2.0

60.7
10.0
(•)
2.0

17.0
8.9

23.4

(*)
7.7
7.7
(*)
817.7
48.8
19.3
9.7
50.2
55.3
6.5

8.7
24.1

954. 1
29.3
88.4
210.0

955.3
29.1
88.4

208.5

13.7
(2)
.2
2.3

. . .
11 KENTUCKY
Lexinaton—Favette
45
Louisville
46
Owensboro
47

1,260.0 1,223.7
150.7
150.2
393.7
409.2
30.0
30.7

1,229.1

55.0

(D
(D

.7

54.2
(1)
(1)
.7

55.0

149.4
(*)
30.3

48 LOUISIANA
Alexandria
49
Baton Rouge . .
50
Lafayette
51
Lake Charles
52
Monroe
53
New Orleans
54
Shreveport
55

1,491.9
50.9
189.7
72.2
63.2
49.8
490.0
143.9

1,524.5 1,517.4
51.1
50.9
192.3
192.0
75.3
73.9
63.8
61.1
48.6
48.4
495.5
494.2
145.1
144.7

73.6

78.6

(D

(D

.9

.8
12.9
1.9
• 5
16.4
4.9

79.7 122.0
3..0
(D
• 8 20.8
13.0
5.9
8.2
1.9
3.7
.5
16.4 30.1
4.9 1O.,3

130.2
2.8
22.4
6.2
7.8
3.6
30.6
8.3

126,6
2.9
21.6
4.7
3.8
30.6
7.8

211.4
6.0
25.8
3.3
12.9
8.6
54.8
27.7

415.9
36.3
92.0

(1)

19.2
1.5
4.a

17.0
1.5
3.3

18.5
1.7
3.7

113.5
12.2
17.6

111.9
12.3
18.0

111.4
12.3
17.9

1,631.1 1,632.8 1,639.9
904.7
900.7
900.4

(1)

(1) 106.5
52.1

96.2
47.3

96.7

245. 6
165.1

239.3
159.9

237.7
159.0

10 KANSAS
Lawrence
11
Topeka
12
Wichita
13

56 MAINE
Lewiston—Auburn
57
Portland
58
59 MARYLAND
Baltimore
60
See footnotes at end of table.

114



28.9
87.4
203.3

416.8
34.8
89.0

412.0
36.1
91.9

12.5
1.8
.5
16.1
4*7

(D
(D

in

(1)

(D
d>

(1)
(D

(D
(*)
.8

(1)

(D

(1)

10.3

6.2

48.8

12.2

4.9
10.9

65.7

3*6

12.9
7.6
53.7
26.7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division—Continued
(In thousands)
Tramportatkm and

Finance, inturance,
and raal attate

ffiKHMwt •no rvtsu xracra

—-.•VIS — . * * I | S * 1 A *

PUDIIC UuliTiM

HAY

APS.

1979

1980 1980P

1979

APB.
1980

135.7 138.2 137.5

HAT

HAY ,

Services

HAY

HAY

APE.

HAY

APR.

HAY

HAY

1980P

1979

1980 1980P

1979

1980

198CP

1979

501.2
10.1
259.4
22.8
16.7
19.9
19.4

498.4 106.7 107.9 108.4
2.3
2.3
1.9
10.1
259.7 63.6 63.6 64.0
4.6
4.6
4.5
22.4
5.2
5.2
5.2
16.6
5.7
5.6
5.6
19.6
4.1
4.1
4«1
19.3

326.2

339.7
6.5
193.8
16.4
11.4
16.4

341.2

422.9

6.5

9.6

HAY

15.5

158.7
30.1
19.0
29.0
16.3

95.2
77.5

104.3
84.8

104. 1
84.7

89.2
75.9

91.9
78.7

90.0
76.7

(*)
(*)

60.5
14.6

59.1
13.7

(•)
(*)

70.7
17.2

71.2
17.8

(*)
(*)

296.6

(*)
8.1

(*)

737.3
11.1
30.9

2.2

84.9

86.2

85.5

4.3
3.5

4.5
3.6

8.7

4.4
3.5
4.8
8.7

8.6

490.0
9.9
255.3
22.7
17.6
20.2
19.8

29. 1
23.9

30*7
25.6

30.5
25.4

102.6
85.5

106.6
89.2

106.9
89^5

30.(*
26.0

31.1
26.9

31.1
27.0

20.4

20.0

(*)
(•)

81.5
19.5

23.0

5.1

82.7
21.5

> )

5.3

22.-9
.7.8

285.5

(*)

290.5

3.0
2.5
(*)

(•)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)

2.9
2.8
(*)

(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)

10.9
18.2

196.1
8.0
5.0
!*•
8.1
5.0
5.6

214.0
7.1
5.2

(•>
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

(•)

10.9
17.6
<*)
751.3
39.6
10.8

i*K

(*)

(•)

286.2
7,'7
2.2
<*>

731.9 220.7
7.0
40.6
2.8
1Q.7

(•)

1.6
8.3
4.9
5.4

36.4
24.8
18.4

112.5 110.3 109.6
1.6
2.4
7.0

1.5
2.3
6.9

1.5
2.3
6.9

11.6
15.9
32.2

11.5
15.7
32.8

11.6
15.7
32.8

504.4
10.8
15.3
32.4
45.1
55.0
135.0

1.7
2.1
5.4
4.2

1.6
2.0
5.3
3.9

1.6
2.0
5.0
3.9

58.8

58.1

58,0

4.2

3.9

3.9

12.1

11.7

11.6

1.7
4.2
2.7

1.6
4.0
2.8

1.6
4.0
2.7

65.8

65.1

65.4

1.5
7.5

1.4
7.5

1.4
7.5

10.2

11.1

11.1

70.9

68.9

68.7

>.4

7.8

25.3

24.6

2.3

2.3

7.8
(*)
2.3

114.1 114.8 114.9

<*)

9.1

7.3

1.1

f*)

35.6
24.5
19.0

7.1

(•)
(•)

492.8
9.8

V2
7.3
4.2

(•)

7.8
6.7

8.1

10.3
(*)

(*)

641.1
25.4

444.1
27.0

8.5
6.3

4.9
6.9

26.5
16.3
16.7

17.2
12.1
27.4

(*)

I*)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)

i*)
(*)
(*)
.(•)

8
9

15,9. C

31.0
20.8

765.8
(*)

17
5 . 1 18
7 . 0 19
17.4 20
X2.3 21
28.2 22

351.4

363.9

7.1
8.9

7.0

7.0

5.8

8.8

8.8

5.6
5.1

24.5
28.9
34.8
89.8

24.2
28.9
35.2
92.7

24.5
29.0
35.3
93.9

12.7
18.2
31.6
87.5
16.2
11.3
12.9
12.2

12.8
18.2
33.0
89.5
19.7

13.0
18.3
33.7
90.6
18.3

11.5
13.1
12.4

13.1
12.2

215.6
10.0
29.4

216.9
10.3
29.4

1.7
2.1

11*7
12.1
29.5
17.0

14.5
32.1
43.9
55.0
138.1
11.4
12.5
28.9
16.5

287.0
18.0
48.5

286.6
19.8
48.0

286.2
19.4
47.8

56.5

9.0

9-8

8.8

13.1
14.2

13.7
13.6

13.7
13.6

1.2
2.9
2,1

226.5

225.8

227.0

45^5

19.0
44.9

5.7
19.1
44.8

5.8
19.1

269.6
33.3
91.2

260.9
31.5
87.3

7.0

45.0
263.1.
30.4

4.5

10.4
9.6

37.7
2.9
1.6
5.4
2.2

1.6
2.1
4.5
10.6
9.6
38.5
2.5

1.6
5.3
2-t

1.6
2.1
4.5

10.6
9.6

38.9
2.6
1.6
5.3
2.1

9.1
8.1

9.0
8.1

24.5

9.6

9.6

9.6

208.8
15*6
38.7
10.4
11.6
11.1

210.3
15.5
39.2
10.4
11.7

212.5
4.4
6.9

4.5
6.9

11.3

11.3

11.7

11.6

34
35
36
37
38
39

189.7

190.3
11.3
22.9
25.1

40
41
42
43

236.0
35.9

44
45
46
47

2.1

205.3
15.3
38.7
10.0
11.3
10.9

46.6

164.8

171.3

172.5

.9

46.3
.9

.9

3.6

3.7

3.6

188.0
11.0

6.0
9.0

6.1
9.1

6.2

16.8
37.7

17.4
39.5

17.4
39.4

22.0
24.3

11.3
23.0
25.2

50.7

50.7

206.5
28.0
76.1

211.2
28.5
77.5

213.5
28.6

233.5
3U.0
61.0

237.0
35.9
63.8

5.5

5.6

5.7

20.0

20.0
1.2
2.9

9.1

(*)

22.8

6.9

6.8

1.2

359.0
11.1
44.5
20.5
14.2
13.0
124.8
.35.6

359.6

73.2

75.4

75.4

11.0
44.9

2.8

2.9

2.8

9.9

11.1

11.1

11.2

2.3
2.6
3.5

2.4
2.7
3.5

2.5
2.7
3.6

29.5

30.3

30.3

7.0

10.3

10.4

2.5

5.2
3.7
2.5

5.2
3,9
2.5

49.3
10.0

49.Q
10.3

49.3
10.4

18.8

18.7

19.1

90.5

88.3

89.7

16.3

1.1
5.3

1.1
5.4

1.1
5.5

7.9

8.5

8.5

24.2

26.0

25.8

1.5
7.0

87.9
62.2

86.2
61.5

87.2
61.9

384.0
193.4

382.5
191.8

385.5
192.7

89.3
53.9

7.5
(*)
1.2

26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

24.7

58.9
4.5

23

5 . 8 24
5 . 3 25

9.0
7.6

58.5
4.6
20.0
1.2
2.9
2.1

4.3

366.7

24.3

50.3
7.4
22.9
1.2

20.6
14.2
12.7
124.8
35.8

5.2

15

27.2

350.9

9.7

12

456. 1 16

346.3

(*)

10
11

11.8 13
3,2.1 14

333-2

353.7
11.3
42.3
19.3
14.2
13.3
123.1
34.9




6.9
2.8

10.1
635.8
25.2

(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(*>
(*)
(*)
(•)
<*)
(•)
(•)

29.0
15.7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

6.6,

6.7

2.5

3-5

(•)
(*)
(*)
(•)

220.8

186.2
15.9
11.2
15.7
14.8

425.8
9.5

497.6 101.5 102.5 102.4

2.5

2.5
9.8
4.8

<*V

7.6
2.2
(*)

5.8

25.7
16.4
15.2

4.1

14.5
31.8
43.7
55.0
136.9
11. 4
12.3
28.9
16.7

5.7

(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)

1980P

195.5
16.1
11.4
16.4
15.7

2.1

4.9

HAY

426.2
10.1
158.6
31.0
20.7
28.8
15.8

2.0

4.8

APfi.
1980

(*)

9.7

28.8

4.8

4.9

11.4

4.5
6.9

(*)
5.0

299.1
15.6
46.8

30.5
14.5

255.5
10.3
30.4
14.4

255.7
10.7
30.8
14.7

293.0
15.4
48.5

302.5
15.5
46.8

9.6

9.0
7.6

9*2
7.9

9.2
7.9

10.1
11.4

7.5

104,9
25.0

105.8
25.6

105.3
25.8

10.9
10.1
82.2
24.3

16. €

16.7

74.4

74.2

75.8

1.6
7.3

1.6
7.4

7.2

7.8

7.8

18.4

18.5

18.7

12.5

13.4

13.0

58

91.8
55.4

92.5
55.6

332.5
177.5

341.2
181.8

3H3.6
182.6

385.3
196.2

395.6
203.0

396.7

59

7,0

250.9

25.7

48
49
50
8 . 1 51
1 1 . 6 52
9 . 8 53
83.8 54
25.8 55

84.1

85.3

84.7

3.4

3.3

9.9

84.1

56

3 . 3 57

2 0 4 . 1 60

115

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE A N D AREA E M P L O Y M E N T
B-8 Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division—Continued
{In thousands)
Tot*
tot* and a

MASSACHUSETTS . . .
Boston
Brockton
Fall River . . ?
Lawrence—Haverhill'
Lowell
New Bedford
Springfitld-ChicopM-Holyoke
Worcester

HAT.
1979

APfi.
1980

2,605.6 2,663.

Construction

HAT
1980P

2,667.9

CD
(D
(1)

(D
(D
(D
(D
(D
(D

CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD

3,426.8

13.6

13.6

3,682,
140.
66,
35.
1,816,
206,
274.

22 MINNESOTA
Duluth—Superior
23
24
Minneapolis—St. Paul
25
Rochester
,
26
St. Cloud

1,772.2 1,776.6 1,795.8
62.4
61.7
60.8
1,075.0 1,090.3 1,097.6
49.6
49.7
49.7
53.3
54.5
55.1

29 MISSOURI . . .
30
Kansas City
31
St. J o s e p h . . ,
32
St. Louis
33
Springfield ..

APS. HA1

55.
109.
199,

62.
92,

3,444l
138.
63,
33,
1,668,
185,
267,
51,
110.
192,
60,
83,

136.2

(D
(D
CD

178.1

1.3
(1)
(1)

63.9
33.2
1,669.6
267.0

51.2
108.3
187.7

60.0

81.5

MAX
1979

APR. HAT
1980 1980P

HAT
1979

AfE.
1980

HAT
198 OP

76.4
41.2
1.7
1.6
3.1
2.8
1.6
5.9
4.7

78.5
43.1
1.7

81.2
44.2
1.8
1.6
2.9
3.1
<•)
6.2
4.9

667.9
290.9
12.9
20.6
41.4
25.4
26.7
66.5
48.3

677.6
292.5
12.9
20.8
43.7
28.6
26.7
68.0
48.6

671.5
292.0

13.9 139.4 117.0 119.9 1,195.2
3.2
47.6
2.4
2.6
CD
23.9
2.0
1.7
1.9
CD
10.8
1.1
1.1
1.1
CD
603.4
1.3 61.0 52.7 53.3
88.6
5.9
5.8
CD
5.9
96.6
CD 14.4 12.1 12.4
17.0
1.3
2.0
CD
1.4
36.4
4.4
4.4
CD
4.5
46.8
5.5
6.9
CD
5.8
22,4
3.0
CD
2.3
2-a
37.8
2.6
CD
2.0
2.3

981.3
41.8
20.4
9.4
477.8
70.4
89.9
15.1
33.2
38.4
20.9
28.1

936.5
40.0
20.5

83.1
2.0

374.9
8.2

1979 1980 1980P

1,450.5 1,489. 1,492.0
60.0
58.5
59.
57.9
57.9
57,
111.9
109.2
111,
77.4
73.8
77,
65.$
66.
(•)
234.0
234.
232.0
164.5 * 166,
166.7

10 MICHIGAN
11
Ann Arbor
12
Battle Creek
13
BayClty
14
Detroit
15
Flint
16
Grand Rapids
17
Jackson
18
Kalamazoo—Portage
19
Lansing—East Lansing
20
Muskegon-Norton Shores-Musk. Hgts
21
Saginaw

27 MISSISSIPPI.
Jackson . .
28

HAT

CD

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
17.4
(D
0)
(2)

CD
CD
CD
1.3

CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD

CD
ID
CD
CD
CD
CD
C*)
CD
ID

1.5
2.7

2.8
1.4
6.0
4.8

13.0

20.6

44.1
28.7
C*)

66.9
48.1

8.9

465.4
63.7
87.6
13.8
32*1
31.2
20.2
26.7

CD

15.9
CD
CD
(2)
CD

829.3
147.3

9.4
1.3

9.9
1.3

10.0
1.3

48.2
8.5

43.4
6.9

44.4
7.2

235.8
18.7

225.6
19.2

219.4
18.8

2,022.8 1,999.0 1,989.4
644.7
618.4
621.3
37.7
36.9
36.7
1,014.1
969.9
973.2
85.3
84.7
84.6

8.0
.6
(2)
3.1
(2)

7.6
•6
C2)
3.1
(2)

7.6
.6
(2)
3.0
(2)

94.3
31.8
2.1

85.9
24.3
2.0
39.7
4.0

77.3
25.0
2.2
36.1
4.0

465.3
9.6
258.6
18.2

442.5
121.4
8.9

434.3
117.9

236.8
18.6

9.0
237.7
18.6

7.4

7.5

CD
CD

7.7
CD
CD

15.8
2.6
2.1

14.6 15.3

CD
(D

2.4
1.4

2.3
1.7

26.0
4.3
1.7

22.4
4.5
1.7

23.6
4.5
1.7
96.1
13.6
36.0
19.8
7.4
8.2

842.7
146.2

835.5
147.4

(D

14.7

CD
CD
(2)

46.7
2.3
2.4

71.2
1.8
41.8
1.8
2.2

76.5
2.1
42.3
2.1
2.3

372.8
8.1
243.2
13.1

9.9

246.5
10.0
12.4

373.5
8.0
246.6
10.0
12.3

46.3
4.4

129.7

34 MONTANA . . .
Billings
35
Great Falls .
36

285.2
47.2
30.3

280.6
48.8
29.3

286.5

37 NEBRASKA
Lincoln . .
38
39
Omaha . .

632.7
101.1
267.0

628.6
101.9
263.6

636.4
102.9
265.9

1.7
(2)
(2)

1.6
(2)
(2)

1.6
(2)
(2)

35.0
5.1
12.2

31.2
4.4
10.8

33.1
4.8
11.3

98.6
14.0
37.8

97.1
13.8
36.7

40 NEVADA
Las Vegas.
41
42
Reno

380.5
207.2
113.7

397.1
218.6
116.9

398.6
218*9
117.6

4.5
.4
.8

5.1
.6
.8

5.2
.6

27.7
15.5
8.1

24.8
14.6
6.3

24.4
14.4

6.4

19.3
7.0
8.3

20.1
7.4
8.5

43 NEW HAMPSHIRE.
Manchester . . . .
44
Nashua
45

377.8
73.3
60.3

373.8
73.3
62.4

(•)
(•)
<•)

•5
(2)
(2)

.4
(21
(2)

(*)

20.4
' 3.4
2.8

17.0
3.0
2.3

C*)
C*)
(*)

116.1
18.8
27.8

115.6
17.9

29.0

C*)
C*)
C*)

3,047.5
89.2
329.9
396.1
229.4
158.6
282.1
946.1
189.3
165.5
55.7

<•)

3.0

3.0

C*)
C*)

791*2

784.7

(*)
(•)

.1

.1

CD

CD

C*) 104.0 107.5
6.0
6.3
C*)
12.5 12.4
(•)
C*) 11.8 12.0
4.1
3.9
C*)
4.8
5.0
C*)
9.3
9.8
C*)
C*) 29.1 30.9
5.5
5.3
c*>
c*> 3.0 3.1
1-6
1.5
C*)

46 NEW JERSEY
Atlantic City
47
Camden •
48
Hackensack .s
49
Jersey City .*
50
Long Branch—Asbury Park
51
52 New Bruns.-Perth Amboy-Sayrtville.*
Newark *
53
Paterson—Clifton—Pa8saic ?..
54
Trenton
55
Vineland-Mlllville-Bridgeton.
56
57 NEW MEXICO .
Albuquerque
58
59 NEW YORK
Albany—Schenectady—Troy
60
Binghamton
61
62
Buffalo

See footnotes at end of table.

116



( ) 3,029
•
86
()
•
329
()
•
394
()
•
228
()
•
156
()
•
282
()
•
947
()
•
189
()
•
165
()
•
()
•
55

.49.1
29.8

(•)
(•)
<•)
(•)

C*)
C*)

CD
CD
.9
CD
CD
CD

CD
CD
•9

CD
CD
CD

477.7
193.7

26.6
(1)

28.1

28.4

CD

CD

7,196.3 7,096.5 7,198.6
340.9
339.3
341.0
119.0! 117.5
118.2
517.6
508.8
506.6

5.9
(D
(D
ID

5.9

6.1 213.4
CD 11.8
4.4
CD
ID 19.0

462.6
187..1

473.5
192.2

<D
CD

37.0
16.1

34.5
15.2

35.1

c*>
c*>

8.8
7C.6

110.9
69.2
24.5
88.1

8.9
70.4

C*)

253.8
66.3
35.7
18.3

109.9
70.2
25.1
86.7
249.6
67.5
35.0
18.0

34.7

35.1

34.9

<•)
C*)
C*)
C*)

m

18.2
18.5
17.8
15.5
180.0 194.8 1,499.9 1,459.3 1,460.2
59.2
57.8
60.6
10.< 11.2
42.1
42.0
2.9
3.3
43.0
137.3
132.7
17.3 19.5
147.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricutairal payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division-Continued
(In thousands)
i rinspOff u u o n WHO

TfftQiiiira via rraii vwow

public utilities

HAT

1979

APE. HAI
1980 1980P

120.4 121.9 121.7
71.8 73.5 74.1
4.4
1.9
4.6
3.3
2.4
9.5
7.0

4.5
1.8
4.5
3.3
2.5
9.1
7.1

Finance, insurance,

4.6
1.8
4.5
3,4
(•)
9.1
7.1

160.7 153.6 152.5
3.2
3.2
3.7
2.4
1.8

2.4
1.9

2.3
1.9

87.8

82.7

82.3

7.2

7.0

6.8

10.9

10.7

10.6

5.0
4.0
5.5
3.1
4.7

5.1
4.2
5.8
3.1
4.8

5.2
4.2
5.7
3.1
4.8

100.9

99.8

64.3

99.2
6.1
65.e

2,0
3.4

2.1
3.6

40.7

41.7
10.1

197?

APR.
1980

566.2
312.7
15.5
11.9
21.7
15.7
12.9
47.8
35.4

57*8.7
324.6
16.3
11.7
21.4
15.7
12.9
46.6
36.0

586.1 148.0 149.8 150.4
326.1 103.7 107.3 107.5
2.2
2.1
2.2
16.3
2.6
2.6
2.7
11.9
4.0
4.0
3.9
21.5
2.0
2.1
2.1
15.8

761.0
19.6
11.0

740.5
19.4
11.3

HAT

HAT

HAT

1980P

1979

Government

Services

and real estate

APE. HAT
1980 1980P

1979

APE.
1980

607.0
413.6

641.7
430.9

HAT

HAT

HAT

1980P

1979

644.6
432.1

419.7
216.6
12.6

9.3

9.5

9.6

10.6
16.5
11.4

11.1
16.6
11.5

11.1
16.6
11.6

4

641.4
47.0
12.5

654.2 10
46.1 11
12.5 12

(•)

9.4

9.4

12.7
9.0

44.4
33.0

45.4
33.7

45.3
34.1

749.8 152.8 155*5 154.7
3.6
3.7
3.5
19.2
3.6
3.6
3.6
11.3

631.5
20.8
11.5

641.5
21.2
11.7

645,4
21.5
11.8

627.9
42.0
12.4

9.0

8.3

45.1 8
27.5 9

2.0

12.6

8.8

412.4 1
216.0 2
12.5 3

8.4

1.9

(•)

1980P

18.7
13.1
11.2
47.2
27.4

12.4

(•)

415.3
217.5
12.6

HAT

8.6

18.0
13.1
11.0
47*. 5
27.3

46.7
36.0

> APB.
1980

18.3 5
12.8 6
7

(*)

8.4

8.1

8.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

6.7

6.8

6.8

5.3

5.0

5 . 1 13

371.6
39.7
60.5
11.1
21.0
35.9
11.5
17.5

357.2
39.0
60.3
13.6
21.4
36.2
11.5
17.4

362.7
38.6
61.1
10.7
21.6
36.7
11.6
17.5

88.8

89.6

89.5

10.1

10.2

10.2

340.6
30.0
49.7

346.8
30.3
51.8

348.5
30.6
52.1

261.7
28.6
31.9

260.5
26.9
32.7

266.7 14
26.8 15
33.0 16

1.5
3.5
9.1
1.7
3.8

1.5
3.6
9.2
1.8
3.8

1.5
3.6
9.3
1.8
3.6

9.9

9.4

9.7

8.8

8.6

2J.2
25.7
10.0
14.0

22.4
27.2
10.3
14.7

22.6
27.0
10.5
14.8

19.2
69.4
10.3
11.9

21.2
70.6
10.5
12.4

452.7
15.9
272.0

95.6

67.1

95.0
2*3
69.6

6.2

5.9

5 . 9 25

13.0

1.5
1.8

371.3
13.1
238.3
18.3

12.5

1.5
1.8

367.3
12.9
236.5
18.4

307.4
13.5
161.6

1.4
1.7

357.3
13.1
228.4
18.0

303.1
13.3
159.2

2*0
3.6

446,8
15.9
269.3
10.0
13.0

90.9

64.8

446.7
16.8
266.0

8.7

9.7

9.6

11.5

12.6

12.0 26

41.7
10.1

163.2
35.2

162.4
35.2

162.1
35.1

32.9
11.4

33.1
11.5

33.1
11.5

117.6
27.6

120.6
28.6

121.1
28.7

194.9
34.0

198.8
34.6

197.3 27
34.5 28

143.7 142.1 141.7
55.8 51.4 51.3
2.1
2.1
2.1
72.4 70.4 68.1

477.9
161.9
9,3
230.0
24.2

478.2
155.4
8.9
220.2
22.7

480.4 108.2 108,1 108.9
154.9 43.6 44.0 43.8
8.8
220.4 56.5 56.7 56.6
3.4
3.3
3.4
23.0

379.2
127.9

385.8
129.0

389.9
129.8

346.2
93.4

204.0
17.0

204.1
17.6

205.5
17.1

143.2
11.6

348.8
95.2
o. u
142.2
11.8

349.3
95.1
f. ty
o. u
142.5
12.0

74.4
15.9

73.6
16.3

74.4
16.2

55.9
10.3

56.9
10.7

71.2

71.6

72.7 34

9.7

9.4

9.5

6.9

6.9

7.6
6.1

8.0
5*9

8 . 0 35
6 . 0 36

165.4
22.2
69.9

165.0
23.1
68.8

166.2
23.1
69.3

75.6
42.2
23.8

80.4
44.9
25.6

80.8
44.9
'25.9

82.6
18.5
11,8

82.5
18.7
12.2

(•)
<•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
<•)
(*)

666.8
17.2
85,5
114.3
45.3
37*9
64.6
181.6
.41.4
24.4

677.6
18.6
85.8
115.4
45.4
38.9
65.4
182.1
41.3
24.6

9.2

9.2

28.6
11.8

103.8
46.9

106.4
47.8

107.6
48.2

431,3 430.5 435.9
15.7 15,6 15.7

v 477.8
70.1

1,430.9
68.7
21.4
21.6
114.4
116.3

r 469.5

6.9

9,7

6.6

6.5

6.6

6.6

23.1

22,7

23.1

4.8
1.9

5.0
1,9

5.1
1.9

46,3

46,5

47.1

7.1

7.3

7.4

24,4

24,6

24.8

22.8
12.4

24.6
13.3

24.9
13.5
8.8

7.9

8.6

13.5

13.7

4.7
1.9

4.9
2.0

(•)
<•)
(•)
<•)
(•)
(•)
<•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)

28.2
11.4

<•)
<•)

186.8 185.9
3.9

3.9

14.9
19.6
26.2

14.9
19.6
25.7

5.9

5.9

22.5
70.9

22.6
70.4

6,6
5.6
2,8

6.6
5.7
2.9

28.6
11,8

4.9

4.5

4.6

28.6

28.2

28.2




9.8

9,8

(*)
(*)
(•)

69.3
21.7
116.4

6.2

2.2

5.7

5.7

2.4

69.7

8 . 9 17
18
19
20
21

19.6
72.C
10.5
11.9

310.6 22
13.6 23
163.8 24

29
30
31
32
33

12.6

12.9

12,8

54.6

2.3
2.1

2.3
2.1

2.3
2.1

9.6
6,8

40.7

42.0

42.4

7.2

7.4

7.4

2 4 . 2 , 24.9

25.2

115.2
16.6
58.7

118.3
16.9
58.9

120.7
17.0
60.0

129.9
28.9
39.8

126.9
29.0
38.9

129.2 37
29.6 38
39.3 39

17.4

17.4

5.9

9.8
6.1

9.8
6.1

159.0
95.8
43.5

167.2
101.9
44.7

168.3
102.1
45.1

54.9
24.6
15.4

57.5
26.1
16.3

57.8 40
26.2 41
16.3 42

18.5

19.4

68.4
13.5

65.5
13.8

59.5

6.3
2.0

<*)
<•)
(•)

57.8

6.2
1.8

8.5

8.8

8,2
5.7

8.7
6.1

( • ) 43
( * ) 44
<*) 45

(*) 154.8 155.3
5.1
5.0
(*)
16.6 16.5
<•)
16.7 16.9
(•)
8.0
8.0
(*)
7*7
7.6
(•)
9.9
9.8
(•)
64.5 64.4
(•)
8.9
8.9
(•)
6.6
6.7
(•)
2.0
2.0
<•)

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
<•)
(•)
!•)

586.9
30.3
66.3
76.2
31.2
40.3
40.0
191.0
31.8
42.9

595.7
30.9
66.9
76.7
30.6
40.9
40.4
192.0
32,1
43.3

(*)
(*)

8.5

8.6

(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
<•)
(•)
(*)
(•)

535.6
15.2
62.6
45.4
44.2
35.1
47.3
155.3
27.4
47.3
13.3

537.8
15.5
62.9
45.6
45.4
35.3
47.8
155.8
27.4
47.2
13.4

22.0
11.2

88.6
42.4

91.3
44.2

91.9
44.4

122.6
41.8

127.7
43.4

129.2 57
44.4 58

16.7
,9.3

21.1
10.7

21.8
11.3

(•)
(*)
(•)

if)

46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56

601.5 610.3 612.2 1r 637.1 1 ,669.0 1 ,678.6 1 ,329.5 1,310.6 1 , 341.2 59
100.7 60
100.1
99.3
70.7
70.1
67.9
15.5 15.6 15.7
4.1
4.0
3.8
24.4 61
24.3
23.3
18.3
18.2
18.0
89.9 62
88.5
87*1
99.7
96.6
97.3*
21.9 22.3 22.4

117

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division-Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Manufacturing

Construction

State and araa

MAY
1979

APfi.
1980

HAT
1980P

HAY
1979

37.1

36.9

(D
(D

APE. HAY
1980 1980P

APfi.
1980

HY
A
1980P

1.4
1.3
1.2
d)
10.2
8.3
9.1
(D
(D 37.5 33.0 34.3
<*)
(*) 177.0
(*)
1.7 126.2 117.0 121.3
1*5 88.7 84.0 87*0
1.2 70.0 68.3 70.1
2.4
<1>
2.8
2.5
9.9 11.2
CD
12.7
2.1
(1)
2.6
2.2
7.9
(1)
11.4
8.4
2.5
0)
3.2
-3.0
(D
15.3 12.8 14.0

11.5
11.6
132.7
134.6
165.4
163.6
(•) 1,348.6
757.5
781.0
592.1
617.4
497.3
524.6
32.4
31.9
153.7
155.6
16.0
15.7
59.0
61.7
31.8
32.4
77.6
75.9

11.3
131.6
164.3

5.1
(1)

5.1 128.9 123. 1 125.2
3.5
3.0
3.2
(D
17.8 17.7 18.0
(1)
(D 17.2 15.9 16.2
(D 15.2 14.8 14.7

822.2
22.0
89.1
150.0
43.1

822.2
22.0
88.9
152.2
44.0

815.6
21.7
88.2
150.4
44.0

6.9
(2)

16.6
5.1

15.5
4.7

15.6

HAY
1979

APfi* HAY
1980 1980P

HAY
1979

NEW YORK-Contlnued
Monroe County .*
Nassau—Suffolk ?
New York-Northeastern New Jersey.
New >ork-t^absau-ouffolk 5.

New York SMSA.7....
New York City •
Poughkeepsie
Rochester.
Rockland County *
Syracuse
Utlca—Rome
Westchester County *

NORTH CAROLINA.
Ashevllle
Charlotte—Gastonla
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-Hight Pt
Raleigh—Durham
NORTH DAKOTA
Fargo—Moorhead.

37.6
336.4
902.0
(*)
4,620.2
3,718.2
3,276.1
97.2
414.7
80.7
265.1
117.2
349.1

334.6
335.8
897.2
905.2
6,596.2
(*)
4,553.4 4,640.6
3,656.3 3,735.3
3,212.4 3,287.7
98.6
98.9
411.2
413.2
81.4
81.8
261.5
260.4
116.0
117.2
349-9
353.0

(T)
(•)
1.6
U4
1.1

(D
(D
(1)

(D
(D
O)

(1)

(D

(1)
3.1
1.7
1*5
1.2
(D
(D
(D
d)
0)
(D

2,370.8 2,426.1 2,420.8
71.4
70.7
71.3
328.6
325.2
328.4
391.4
387.4
393.5
272.2
275.5
257.8

5.0

<n

(D
(D
(D

250.7
63.1

5.1
(2)

6.6
(2)

244.4
62.6

246.0
62.9

CD

17.8
4.2

14.5
3.4

16.5
3.8

(•)
768.5
604.2

509.8
32.6

152.3
15.7
58.4
31.2
77.4

4.6

OHIO
Akron
Canton . . .
Cincinnati.
Cleveland .
Columbus.
Dayton . . .
Toledo
Youngstown—Warren

4,429.9
271.7
161.8
610.3
909.3
509.1
361.2
299.4
207.6

31.8
(•)
<*>
(*)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
<•>

30.6
(*)
<•)
(•)
(•)
(*>
(*)
(•)
<*>

29.2 187.0 161.9 166.9 1,390.9 1,300.7 1,254.3
8.4
81.0
79.a3
86.4
7.9
9.6
(•)
5.8
6.7
6.1
57.3
56.6
59.3
<*)
165.3
172.2
28.2 25.9 26.7
162.1
(•)
260.2
278.6
252.3
34.2 31.7 32.0
<•)
95.6
100.9
93.8
21.6 18.9 19.5
(•)

OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City.
Tulsa

1,085.2 1,128.6 1,133.4
405.5
378.6
403.6
292.1
284.8
290.5

59.1
13.2
17.8

65. 1
14.6
19.3

OREGON
Eugene—Springfield.
Jackson County
Portland
Salem

38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

4,523.4 4,445.
274.8
270.
161.
162.3
607.
611.0
912.
922.8
507.
505.9
362.
365.8
300.
311.3
210.
215.5

1,048.9 1,041.4 1,032.6
106.1
100.1
100.2

2.3

PENNSYLVANIA
Allentown-Betrtlehem-Easton .
Altoona.
Delaware Valley?.
Erie ,
Harrisburg
Johnstown
Lancaster
Northeast Pennsylvania . . .
Philadelphia SMSA
Philadelphia City .\°
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton }}
Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton .1?.
Williamsport
York

4,863.0 4,816
262.7
264
52.9
54
1,602.6 1,611

55 RHODE ISLAND
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket. .
56
SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston-North Charleston . . . .
Columbia
Greenville—Spartanburg
61 SOUTH DAKOTA .
62
Rapid City
63
Sioux Falls
See footnotes at end of table.

118




551.2
88.3

557.0
88.3

117.6
116
216
220.0
89
92.1
152
153.9
242
247.8
1,931.1 1,940
807
802.2
948
966.8
139
138.9
86
86.8
126
131.7
45
49.0
155
156.8
399.8
409.8

393.9
403.9

554.5
88.4
4,830.5
265.2
54.3
1,612.5
116.4
217.0
89.4
151.8
243.5
1,942.2
805.1
951.2
138.1
86.5
126.9
45.8
155.2
392.3
401.5

(D
-'
CD

187.6
57.0
61.2

186.2
56.7
61.4

48.5
4.3

48.5
4.1

26.7
4.5

26.1
4.4

223.2
21.4
7.9
114.3
13.0

207.2
18.3
6.1
114.7
11.5

198.1
18.3
6.0
112.8
11.9

6.9

6.3

6.4

66.3
14.8
19.4

60.2
20.1
16.8

58.9
20.5
15.6

2. 1
(t)

2.3
(1)

51.8
5.5

(t)

(D
(D

27.5
5.0

50.5

9.5
O>
1.2
0.)

8.8
(1)
1.2

11.5
(1)

10.9

(D
(D
(D
(D
(D

(D
(D

O)
(D

1.1

(D
(D

(D
d)
1.9

1.9
(1)
(1)

243.3
31.0
52.4

2.7
(2)
(2)

3.0
<2)
(2)

(D
(D
(D

99.3

76.0

48.6 209.8 196.0 206.1 1,392.2 1,366.7 1,351.5
9.8
111.5
110.8
8.9
9.5
109.6
(D
2.8
13.3
2.8
2.9
13.0
(D
13.4
377.3
384.1
(D 62.7 62.5 65.6
380*7
2.9
41.9
3.1
3.0
44.5
0)
42.4
8.9
42.6
8.5
42.9
42.8
o> 3.6 3.1 8.5
3.2
19.6
20.7
19.3
8.3
7.4
7.5
58.7
60. 1
8.1
59.8
(t)
73.4
74.6
14.0 11.1 11.6
74.6
1.2 77.3 75.1 77.9
455. 1
447.8
451.3
(D 18.7 19.2 20.3
146.0
142.9
144.1
(1) 50.2 44.1 46.2
255.8
247.7
249.2
10.7
5.2
5.4
5.2
53.5
53.0
51.6
(1)
2.6
2.3
28.0
2*1
28.6
28.2
<D
7.5
9.6
7.6
40.0
41.9
40.5
1.1
1.7
1.7
15.1
18.6
1.6
15.5
(D
65.1
6.9
7.1
66.3
6.9
65.0
(1)
129.7
131.9
13.1 11.9 12*4
127.0
•CD
141*3
144.3
147.4
CD
13.3 12.1 12.6

1.9

238.4
29.5
52.0

181. S
52.2
59.2

I*)

1,162.2 1,202.0 1,200.1
145.9
147.6
147.7
177.3
181.0
181.4
263.3
264.9
264.3
242.7
30.0
54.1

60.5
21.2
15.7

13.5
10.8

52.1

CD
O)
d)
(D

68.8

12.9
10.4

(D

(D

102.1
80.4
73.2

14.1
12.3

(D

(D
(D
(D
(D
d)

109.8
90.4
79.8

(•)
(•)

CD

72.2
11.0
8.6
16.2

71.0
11.5
8.0
16.1

71.4
11.4
8.0
16.5

400.7
19.8
27.4
107.6

396*5
18.5
27.9
106.6

393.3
18.3
28.1
105.7

3.1
(2)
(2)

12.5
2.7
3.0

10.8

12.6

2.2
2.4

2.3
2.6

26.5
3.0
7.4

25.8
3.0
7.2

25.6
3.3
7.2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE A N D AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricuKural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division-Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and

Wholesale and retail trade

public utilities

HAI
1979

APE. HAI
1980 1980P

1.5
10.2
38.4
(*)
316.6
278.2
255.4
2.7
13.0
3.5
15.1
4.1
18.6

1.4
1.4
9.9
9.6
37.9
37.3
461.9
(•)
316.9 320.1
279.6 282.2
256.6 259.0
2.8
2.8
12.2 12.4
3.6
3.6
15.2
15.0
4.0
4.0
19.0
18.8

114.2 118.1 118.1
3.7
3.7
3.6
30.6 30.6 30.6
21.3 21.3 21.2
13.7
12.9 13.5

HAI
1979

APB.
1980

8.1
7.9
60.7
61.0
235.7
234.2
(*) 1,362.1
915.4
957.1
681.2
721.4
620.7
579.8
16.2
16.1
78.0
78.5
17.3
17.3
58.9
59.3
22.0
22.1
80.7
80.2

HAI
1980P

Services

and real estate

HAI
1979

APB. HAI
1980 1980P

APB.
1980

HAI
1980P

8.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
7.0
6,9
7*0
14.4 14.7
61.2
65.4
14.8
67.0
67.1
237.9 50.7 51.0 51.1
197*3
197.0
199.3
(*)
<•) 613.9
<(•) 1,546.8
<*)
(•)
949.4 497.6 506.0 506.4 1,156.1 1 , 1 7 8 . 1 1,187.5
711.5 446.9 455.0 455.3
959.3
981.0
988.5
609.1 426.5 434.6 434.7
855.3
882*6
876.1
2.6
2,6
2.6
16.2
17.8
17.5
17.9
78.8
77.4
16.5
78.8 16.1 16.4
79.2
17.6
2.4
2.4
2.5
18.2
17.5
18.4
59.4
15.5 15.8
52.0
16.0
54.0
51.9
22.7
5.7
5.6
5.7
20.3
20.6
20.7
17.6
81.5 17.5 17.5
84.2
84.0
84.9

7.1
7.1
41.5
40.6
179.1
179.1
(*) 1,082.8
783.9
760.9
604.9
581.8
498.5
522.5
24.5
23.6
61.4
62.3
21.8
21.6
50.1
50.9
29.4
29.4
58.4
57.6

6.9
42.1
180*5
(•)
785.6
605.1
521.3
24.5
62.9
21.9
51.1
29.8
58.6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

352.1
13.5
49.9
57-8
59.3

399.6
11.3
35.6
47.3
69.0

416.9
12.0
36.3
49*6
75.4

412.3
12.0
36.7
49.3
72.4

14
15
16
17
18

HAI
1979

APB*
1980

HAI
1980P

HAI
1979

477.5
15.0
83.4
77.9
47.9

493.3
15.0
84.7
78.3
52.8

495.7
15.1
84.6
78.5
52.6

92.8
2.1
20.4
17.8
14.9

96.2
2.2
20.6
18.2
15.4

96.7
2.2
20.6
18.0
15.5

16.8
4.1

68.0
19.3

68.9
19.3

70.2
19.1

11.0
3.7

11.3
3.9

11.4
3.9

47.7
13,7

49^7
14.3

50.0
14.3

62.2
12.6

63.2
13.2

231.6 235.3 237.8
16.0
15.8
15.4

981.9
58.6

974.4
58.7

Q

oc i

813.5
50.0
28.8
119.7
183.2
100.2
69.5
59.3
37.9

839.0
51.6
30. 2
125.0
188.2
103.4
74.0
60.8
38.8

847.6
52.5
30. 4
127.5
189. 2
104.2
73.3
61.1
39.3

688.4
45.2
18.2
84.8
119.2
102.2
69.3
48.0
26.4

699.8
45.7
18.9
84.1
121.7
105.5
70.8
47.6
26.6

709.9
46.3
19*1
85.3
123.2
106.8
71.5
48.6
27.5

16.0
4.0

16.3
4.1

330.6
351.1
13.2
13.4
49*6
48.3
55*9 * 58.0
59.6
54.8

63.3 19
13.3 20

34.4
46.0
25.1
13.3
21.5
10.2

35.2
48.6
25.4
13.fc
22.1
10.5

35.5
48.7
25.7
13.5
22.5
10.6

139.3
212.9
119.9
76.2
68.9
47.0

3S.1
139.3
212.0
120.1
75.7
68.1
47.2

980.1 198.2 203.6 204.2
9.3
59*0
9.5
9.4
c c
5. 5
5.8
5. 8
140li 32.0 32.5
32.8
48.3
48.5
213.7 47.4
37.5 37.8
120.6 35.4
13.4
13.2
13.5
76.2
10.9
10.8
68*9 10*5
7.1
7.1
6.9
47.5

65.3
23,0
21.6

64.9
22.8
22.9

64.6
22.9
23.2

255.7
94.7
70.4

262.5
101.4
70.5

265.0
101.8
70.8

53.5
23.8
14.3

54.7
24.5
14.5

55.2
24.8
14.6

182.3
67.1
53.9

197.8
72.1
55.5

197.9
72.4
55.9

227.2
84.5
30.8

237.1
90.7
31.0

237.7 30
90.9 31
31.1 32

59.1
5.3

60.7
5.3

60.6
5.3

253.2
26.1

256.8
25.3

255.4
25.0

68.7
5.4

70.6
5.4

70.3
5.4

184.1
19.1

186.3
19.2

184.9
19.3

206.5
23.3

209.2
22.4

212.5 33
22.7 34

35.2
2.7

36.5
2.9

36.4
2.8

140.4
19.0

142.6
19.3

141.9
19.3

43.8
5.7

44.5
5.7

44.3
5.6

106.6
14.7

106.5
15.4

106.7
15.4

83.4
28.2

85.5
29.0

86.3 36
29.0 37

275.4 268.5 266.4
14.4
14.1 14.3
7.2
7.2
7.9
87.2 84.1 83.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
16.7
17.0 16.7
6.1
6.2
6.0
6.7
6.7
6.6
13.5 13.3 13.5
102.7 98.9 98.4
57.8 55.2 54.9
62.5 60.9 60.2
6.6
6.7
6.8
4.3
4.2
4.2
7.0
7.2
7.0
2.3
2.3
2.4
6.9
7.0
7.4

996.3
50.5
11.3
333.6
24.0
45.1
16.8
33.7
52.3
420.9
150.7
207.2
27*7
20.1
27.1
9.8
32.8

977.0
50.4
12.3
333.1
25.0
42.7
16.6
33.6
50.1
418.6
151.7
202.5
26.9
19*5
25.5
9.8
31.1

985.0 234.7 238.9 241*7
8.7
8.6
8.5
50.6
1.5
1.5
1.5
12.4
333.8 108.5 110.1 110.5
4.7
4.8
4.9
25.2
12.8
12.6
43*0 12.5
4.0
3.9
4.0
16.8
5.2
5.4
5.4
33.6
9.6
9.5
9.6
50.4
419.6 124.3 126.7 126.6
151.0 69.3 69.8 70.1
46.3
203.8 45.1 44.8
6.4
5.9
6.3
26.8
3*4
3.4
3.5
19.5
5.3
5.3
5.3
26.6
9.8
2.1
2.1
2.1
4.0
3.9
4.0
31.5

961.5
40,3
8.9
383.7
21.2
36.9
16.1
24.6
42.8
447,8
212.1
207.8
22.7
16.5
19^2
7.8
21.0

990.8 1,001.3
40.9
41.4
8.9
9.1
398.5
397.8
21.3
21.3
37.2
37.5
16.3
16.3
24.4
24.7
42.8
43.6
465.1
464.9
222.1
218.8
206.4
206.7
23.3
23.6
16.8
16.9
19.2
19.5
8.0
8.0
21.3
21.5

741.0
29.9
7.5
242.8
14.8
56.7
15.5
15.6
40. 1
303.0
147.6
126.7
16.9
11.8
20.3
6.6
19.5

728.2
29.6
7.9
242.1
14.5
55.8
15.0
15.3
40.3
304.7
145.7
129.5
17.8
11.8
20.5
6.4
19.1

Oil

13.3
13.2

12.9
12.7

12.8
12.7

80.7
81.9

78.1
79.7

78.0
79.5

20.7
20.7

20.3
20.3

20.3
20.3

79.6
76.0

80.4
77.3

81.1
77.5

60.5
57.3

60.6
57.5

52.9
8.9
9.2
10.3

53.8
8.9
9.4
10.4

53.3
8.9
9.5
10.2

222.2
31.2
. 38.0
50.3

229.0
31.7
37*8
5U2

230.0
31.6
37.9
5U0

46.5
6.3
13.4
9.1

48.4
6.4
13.8
9.4

48.4
6.5
13.9
9.5

153.2
22.8
26*2
35.1

160.9
24.7
26.7
36.4

163.0
24.7
26.9
36.5

232.6
45.9
54.5
34.7

240.5
45.9
57.4
34.8

13.7
1.9
4.8

13.7
1.9
4.9

13.7
1.9
4.8

67.4
9.1
16.5

66.3
9.1
15.4

67.3
9.5
15.4

10.8
1.4
3.3

11.5
1.3
3.4

11.7
1.3
3.5

49.3
6.2
12.2

48.1
6.0
11.9

50.1
6.5
12.0

59.8
5.7
6.9

59.3
6.0
6.8




21
22
23
24

25
26
27
28
29

35

729.9
29.8
7.9
244.0
14.6
55.9
15.1
15.5
40.2
307.0
147.1
129.6
17.9
11.8
20.4
6.4
19.4

38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54

60.7 55
57.6 56
238.8
46.3
57.1
34.9

57
58
59
60

59.2 61
6 . 2 62
6 . 9 63

119

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8 Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by Industry division-Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Total
Stats and area

HAY
1979
TENNESSEE
Chattanooga
Knoxville
3
Memphis
4
Nashville—Davidson
5

6 TEXAS
7 Amarillo . ,
8 Austin
9 Beaumont-Port Arthur-Orange . . .
10 Corpus Christ!
11 Dallas—Fort Worth
12 El Paso
13 Galveston—Texas City
Houston
14
15 Lubbock
16 San Antonio
17 Waco
18 Wichita Falls

HAT
1980P

HAT
1979

1,787.3 1,787.1 1 , 7 8 9 . 7
174.3
174.8
175.0
196.0
193.9
193.7
360.9
355.5
357.3
367.7
364.8
362.6

10.6
1.3
1.5
.2

9*8
1.3
1.6
•2

CD

CD

5,582.
75.
231.
146.
122.
1,382.
154.
67.
1,358.
87.
378.
69,
50.

19 UTAH
20 Salt Lake City—Ogden

546.4
389.1

21 VERMONT
Burlington \3.
22
23 Springfield ! ? . . . .

195.4
55.3
14.5

APB.
1980

37 WEST VIRGINIA
38 Charleston
39 Huntington—Ashland
40 Parkersburg—Marietta
41 Wheeling
42 WISCONSIN
43 Appleton—Oshkosh
44 Eau Claire
45 Green Bay
46 Janesville—Beloit
47 Kenosha
48 La Crosse
49 Madison
50 Milwaukee
51 Racine
52 WYOMING
Casper
53
Cheyenne
54
55 VIRGIN ISLANDS
1
2

1,579.5 1,615.7
748.5
783*0
128.2
128.8
140.2
139.8
644.5
117.5
111.3
59.0
68.9

C*)
C*)
C*)
C*)

24*7

23.9

.4

CD
CD
CD
<D
.4

(D
<D
(D
(D

(D

.4
.1

2.9

2.6

(D
(D
CD




9.9 92.3
7.4
1.3
1*6 TU7
• 2 15.6
21.3
CD

APR. HAT
1980 1980P

HAT
1979

APE.
1980

HAT
1980P

85.0
6.6
10.9
16.0
20.7

528.6
53.3
53.6
63.7
84.1

522.0
53.4
51.9
58.0
80.1

516*7
53.4
51.7
58.9
79.4

85.5
6.7
10.9
15.7
20.6

CD

(1)

23.8 139. 122.9 125.1
• 1 .
(1)
1.4
1.3
3.6
3.
CD
3.4
7-1
7.
7.2
(1)
17.
16.0 15.7
CD
27.1
31.
26.4
•4
2.
2.7
2.6
CD
.4
16.5 16.5
6.3
6.0
6.2

303.9
173.8
17.5
21.4

408*8
9.4
29.3
33.7
29.5
16*9
11.7
54.8
21.0

90*2
44.4
7.2
7.1

c*>

306-9
166.2
18.1
22.1

41.8
8.3
9.1
4*4
4.2

36.3
7.5
7.8
3*9
3.4

38.2
7*9
8.2
4.0
3.7

125.8
19.5
29.8
17.7
13.7

120.2
17.8
28*5
16.8
12.5

118.8
17.5
28.0
16.3
12*7

CD
CD
CD
C1)
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD

82.9
6.5
2.1
3.6
2.0
3.2
- 1.9
7.7
24.2
2.4

70*5
6.2
1.6
3.2
1.8
2.2
2.0
7.5
21.4
1.9

78.2
6.3
1.6
3.5
1.9
2.4
2.0
8.0
22.3
2.3

586.3
49.7
9.4
21.6
22.3
17.5
10.8
20.1
217.6
32.0

569.1
48.9
8.8
20.7
16.5
19.2
10.9
20.0
213.4
30.8

545.8
47.6
7.3
21.1
15.2
11.6
10.9
19.8
208.0
29*, 9

22.5
3.8
2.2

21.8
5.0
2.2

23.4
5.6
2.3

9.7
1.9
1.7

10.6
2.1
1.9

10.8
2.1
2.0

2.8

3.1

3.1

3.2

3.2

3.2

65.5
7.2
1.1
.5
8.0

59.0
6.7

60.1

1.3
•5

1.3
.5

6.2

6.2

1,960.1 1,973.5
128.4
131.5
49.1
49.0
77. 4
78.5
54.7
49.5
45.9
47.2
43.5
45.0
167.6
173.6
676.5
684.5
71.4
70\6

,976.0
131*3
47*9
79.2
48.6
40.2
45.3
174.9
683.8
70.8

2.9

2.3

2.5

(1)
CD
CD
(D
CD
CD

CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD

6.7

200.3
37.7
28.7

211.8
42.8
28.0

215.9
43.9
28.1

31.9
7.3

35.7
9.3

CD

CD

36.3
9.4
CD

36.5

37.2

36.8

(2)

(2)

(2)

7

412.2
S.6
29.3
33.8
28.2
17.0
12.2
55.5
21.0

104.2
43.8
7.8
8.7

635.9
116.4
109.0
57.4
66*2

(D
(D
(D

409.4
9.9
28.5
33.1
29.6
16.4
12.3
5S.4
20.9

C*)
<•)
C*)
<•)

633.4
115.9
108.6
57.7
65.8

Combined with construction.
Area included in Chicago-Gary Standard Consolidated Statistical Area.
4
Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Area: Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester Counties, New Jersey.
5
Subarea of New York-Northeastern New Jersey.
6
Subarea of Rochester Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.

120

(D

.4
.1

Combined with services.

3

HAT
1979

5,758.9 5,762.2 195.5 215.5 217.8 417t4 435.6 433.0 1,017.6 1,041.8 1,042.6
75.7
CD
76.0
CD
5.2
5.3
5.1
9.5
9.4
9.4
CM
237.0
237.5
(D
13.2 13.1 13.3
30.1
28.5
CD
30.1
CD
141.5
135.6
34.0
(D
41.5
39.4
(D
(1) 12.1 10.1 10.2
122.7
123.1
15.6
15.4
6.4
15.7
6.9 15*7 13.7 13.5
7.1
1,437.8 1,439*9 20.8 23.3 23.7 78.3 80*2 80.1
315.7
308*3
315.0
158.1
158.9
9.2
8*6
32.1
9.3
32.5
32.5
(D
<D
CD
70.4
68.2
10*6
11.9
5.6
5.8
5.2
12.3
(D
CD
0) 143.5 141.1 140.3
1,395.8 1,398*6 67.6 69.5
234.6
236.0
226.3
71.4
89.2
89*7
4.1
4.1
4.7
13.0
13.2
12.6
CD
(D
CD
385.7
385.5
47.8
25.3 25.9 25.7
48.0
47.4
2.2
2.0
70.3
71.0
2.2
16.4
3.5
3.4
3.5
15.9
16.5
CD
51.2
51.4
S.3
2.7
2.7
2.8
9.0
9.2
CD
(D
2.9
2.9
2.9 17.9
565.0
566.9
90.4
85.2
90.8
17.9 35.3 32.4 33.1
404*5 17.7
60.8
7.4
402.7
56.8
60.9
7.4 24.1 22.4 23.2
7.5
.8 10.4
197.4
196.7
9.5 10.1
51.6
50.8
50.9
56.4
56.4
14.6
13.9
14.6
14.3
14.5
6.1
6.2
6.3

24 VIRGINIA
2,101.6 2,108.1 2,118.2
25 Bristol
28.7
28.6
28.5
26 Lynchburg
72.2
71.1
72.5
27 Newport News—Hampton
150.1
146.1
151.3
28 Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Portsmouth .
282.6
284.7
286.5
29 Northern Virginia.1.4.
426.1
429.1
426.3
30 Petersburg-Colonial Hghts.-Hopewell
48.1
47.9
47.1
31 Richmond
325.6
326.1
325.0
32 Roanoke
104.8
105.3
104.9
33 WASHINGTON
34 Seattle—Everett
35 Spokane
36 Tacoma

APB. HAT
1980 1980P

C*)
C*)
C*)

C*)
C*)

en
c*>

Area included in New York and Nassau-Suffolk combined SMSA's.
' Subarea of New York Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
' Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Area: Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia Counties, Pennsylvania.
10
Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Area: Philadelphia County.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricuKural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division-Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities

wvnoieseie eoo i i n i i ireoe

1979

APB.
1980

77. 6
9.9
8.0
19.7
24.3

286.2
28v4
30.1
71.5
69.6

349.4 362.0 361.9 1,369.6 1,385.9 1,387.1 312.7 326.4 328.2
3.8
7.1
7.1
7.0
3*7
22.1
3.8
22.2
22.5
48.5
7.1
7.1
7.0
13.2 13.7 13.7
48.5
48.1
5.2
5.3
30*2
5.2
30.2
32.0
11.6 10.9 10.9
5*5
28.1
•7/0
6.8
5.3
5.2
28.2
28.0
7-1
88.8 94.4 94.9
364.4
386-2
386.4 100.7 106.0 106.5
10.8 1ft 7 10 ft
38.4
39.5
lv«O
Iv* f
6.3
13.2
4.4
4.4
4.3
12.6
13.0
7.1
7.0
329.4 80.6
331.6
84*2 85; 0
331.7
97.2 100.3 100.4
4.8
4.8
4.7
25.4
25.6
5.0
5.1
5.1
25.2
95.1
94.5 24.7
25.2 25.4
95.6
17.3 18.0 18.2
4.3
4.3
4.1
17.1
17.3
3.2
3.2
3.2
16.0
2.3
2.3
12*7
2.5
2.4
2.4
2« 3
12*. 6
t2.2

956.8
14.6
40.1
24.7
19.3
242.$

APB.
1980

HAT
1980P

HIT

1979

APB. HAT
1980 1980P

382.6
3&8«8
7.2
32.4
33.8
7.9
40.3
41.2
27.5 - 96.6 95*0
78.7
84.2
21.2

384.9
32.4
40.3
95.3
78.1

77*6

77.1

9.9
7.9

9.9
8.0

19.6
23.8

14.6
24.4

1979

AP*. HAT
1980 1980P

87.5

86.8

7.2
8.1

7.2
7.9

27.5
22.1

27.7
21.3

HIT

HAT

1979

86.5

( j OV6TMH6n t

Services

end reel ertaAe

HAT

HAT

HAT

1980P

1979

APB.
1980

296.8
28.7
30.2
71.6
74.4

303.4
28.8
30.3
72.7
74.2

315.7
33.0
41.9
66.2
62.6

326.3
35.2
43.1
67.7
65.3

325.7
35.4
43.0
67.0
64^7

1
2
3
4
5

996.0
14.8
41.2
24.2
20.3
255.9
272*7
17.0
75.5
14.6

7i6

7.7

7.8

963.7
13.3
81.6
19.3
25.9
178. 3
32.6
15.8
153.4
18.9
93.6
11.6
11.1

993.7
13.4
83.8
21.1
26.0
177.4
33.4
16.0
163.0
20.0
96.0
11.7
11.4

995.6
13.3
83.1
21.4
25.9
177.4
•in O
32.9
16.2
163.4
19.9
96.2
11.7
11.4

6
7
8
9
10

11.0
257.8
16.4
72.5
14.4

998.0
14.8
41.2
24.1
19.9
254.6
2o.2
11.4
271.5
16.9
75.3
14.7

125.5
90.0

129.5
92.3

131.1 19
92.9 20

37.4

36.7 21

O ll C

24. 9

1K6

33.8
27.0

34.9
28.1

35.0
28.3

128.9
96<0

130.3
97.9

130.4
98^4

25.9
21.2

27.1
22.1

27.1
22.2

94.0
66.4

102.7
71.7

101.5
71.2

9.0
2.4
.7

8.8
2.4
.6

9.0
2.4
.7

40.5
12.1

40.7
12.4
2.1

40.9
12.5

7.7
-

8.0

8*0
-

40.2
11.4

40.0
11.3

41.0
11.7

2.5

2.5

2.5

112.6 114.8 114.7

440.2

442.3 102.6 104.6 105.2
1.0
6. 6
i.o
no
3.5
3.5
3.4
11.7
5.1
5.0
5.0
28.3
67.9 14.6 14*7 14.6
97.5 27.1 26.8 26.9

377.8

382.5

386.0

495.2

6.7

3.5

3.8

3.6

5.0

10.5
27.2
53.9
107.4

11.1
28.0
53.7
111.5

11.1
28.8
54.5
111.7

10.2
40.8
81.8
117.4
15.5
72.6
15.8

2.2

1.5

1*6

t.6

8.4

19.5
9.9

19*5
10.0

19.7
10.0

74.3
26.2

437.3
6.6
11*8
28.2
68.0
96.7
8.3
72.4
25.7

86.4
49.2

89.6
53.0

<•)

8.0
6*6

7i9
6.3

379.2
178.5
36.0
33.2

43.5

42.8
10.0

1.1
2;7
4.9

1.2
2.7
5.2

1.2
2.8
5.1

19.4
27.3

19.1
28.5

19.1
28.8

9.7
9.9
2.8
3.6

9.9
2.6
3.7

(*1
(*J
<*>
43.2
10.0
10.0
2.6
3.7

93.6

91.8

92.0

4.6
2.7
5.9
2.2
1.4
2.4
6.1

4.8
2.6
5.8
2.0
1.3
2.5
6.3

4.9
2.6
6.2
2.0
1.4
2.5
6.4

34.7
2. 1

34.3

34.1

2.1

2.1

16.3

16.9

17.0

2.8
4.3

2.9
4.2

2.9
3.9

2.1

2.4

2.3

12.3
27.7
69.4
99.2

2.2

- :
-

8.3

1.3

1.3

72.4
25.8

26.1

26.9

6.1

6.2

393.0
185.4
36*1
32.9

(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)

86.8
52.7

9<T.O

130.6
27.7
24.0
12.7
16.0

132.0
27.6
23.<6
12.5
15.9

132.0
27.6
23.8
12.5
15.8

21.2

442.4
26.6
13.0
19.5
11.9

459.8
28.0
13.6
20.6
12.0
8.5
11.9
35.6
152.4
13.3

470.2
28.4
13.8
20.4
12.3

89.5

46.1
11.2

6.9

46.0
11.3
7.2

7.2

7.6

8.5

11.4
35. 1
147.8
13.3
44.4
10.5

1980S

11
19
\C

13
14
15
16
17
18

22

-

- • 23

-

512.3 24

509.9
5.2
10.4
42.7
82.9
f18.8

5 . 3 25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

10.5
43.2
83.4
119.8
16.1
75.3
16.1

1.3
26.9
6.2

5.8

6.1

6.2

57.3
19.7

59.2
19^.7

69.1
19.8

54.6
7.8
7.2

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•>

288-6
140.7
27.9
29.6

307.1
150.3
28.6
30.7

(*)
(•)
(*)

322.5
117.4
22.5
32.9

335.3
121.5
23.7
34.2

(*)
(*)
<*)

33
34
35
36

21.7
5.1
3.9
2.1
2.6

21.6
5.1
3.8
2.2
2.6

95.3
20.3
15:6

97.1
20.3

97.0
20.4
15.9

120.9
19.8
17.7

9.0

9.2

9.1

12.9

13.2

13.3

9.9
7.9

124.2
21.0
17.8
10.2

125.1
21.2
18.0
10.2

8.2

8.3

37
38
39
40
41

94.5
5.3
1.6
2.5
1.4
1.0
1. 1
12.9
39.2
2.4

351.2
20.0

368.0
20.9

373.2
21.1

2.3

94.1
5.3
1*6
2.4
1.4
1.0
1.1
12.8
39.3
2.4

7.2

7.0
1.5
1.5

7.5
1.6
1.5

7.5

1.4

1.4

8.7

12.1
35.8
154.3
13.5

7.9
7.1
5.0

4.0
2.t
2.6
5.0
1.6
2.4
1.3
1.0
1.1

11.8
37.7

Lackawanna County.
12
Subarea of Northeast Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area:
Luzerne County.
13
Total includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
14
Subarea of Washington, D.C. Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area: Alex-




36. 1

HAT

15.7

9.5

9.7

9.8

14.1

14.3

14.4

311.3
16.1
10.8
10.2

9.'3
30.4
136.5
11.1

8.7
8.3
9.9

8.8
8.5
9.9

6.5
6.5
6.6

32.6
145.0
11.4

33.0
146.5
11.4

7.5
1.6
1.5

27.8

30.5

4.9
4.2

5.3
3.6

1.4

6.0

6.0

_..,..._,

8.4
7.8

. M.IIM^.,

. M.IW VMUIVII,

16.0
75.4
16.1

319.6 42
318.0
17.7 43
17.4
11.1 44
11.1 i
11.4
11.1 45
7.2
6.7
6.9

7.0
6.6
6.7

56.4
78.2

58.9
78.7

59.0
79.4

8.2

8.8

9.1

31.4

40.7

42.8

5.5
3.7

5.0
7.9

5.3
7.4

5.8

13.8

13.5

ITICIIiao<?a«?, emu m a i i a o o a o

raift

46
47
48
49
50
51

43.4 52
5.6
7.5

53
54

13.5 55
ollloo,

ington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William Counties, Virginia.
p = preliminary.
* Not available.
SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover.

121

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers'
on private nonegricuHural payrolls by industry division, 1969 to date
Average
Year and
month

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

earnings

Total private1

1959.2
1960
1961.
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970

$ 76.78
8C.67
82.60
85.91
88.46
91.33
95.45

1980:
JAir.
PEB
MAR
APE
HAYP'
JUW.P

Hourly

Hourly

earnings excl.
overtime

Manufacturing

Mining

$2.93 $ 88.26
3.07
89.72
3.20
92.34
3.31
96.56
3.41.
99.23
3.55 102.97
3.70 107.53
3.89 112.19
4.11 114.49
4.41 122.51
4.79 129.51
5.24 133.33
5.69 142.44
6.06 154.71
6.41 166.46
6.81 176.80
7.31 190.79
7.71 209.32
8.10 228.90
8.66 249.27
9.27 268.94

40.3
39.7
39.8
40.4
40.5
40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6
39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40. 1
40.3
40.4
40.2

$2.19
2.26
2.32
2.39
2.45
2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19
3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6. 17
6.69

i 2. 12
2.19
2.25
2.31
2.37
2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05
3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67

367.20
356.12
366.35
372.81
375.38
380.63
384.13

43.2
41.7
43.1
43.4
43.7
43.6
43.9

8.50
8.54
8.50
8.59
8.59
8.73
8.75

347.32
350.03
355.85
361.76
358.15
348.43
356.38

38.0
37.8
38.1
38.0
37.7
36.6
37.2

9.14
9.26
9.34
9.52
9.50
9.52
9.58

269.47
268.13
268.00
274.04
274.16
276.86
285.07

40.4
39.9
40.0
40.3
40.2
40.3
40.9

6.67
6.72
6.70
6.80
6.82
6.87
6-97

6.40
6.46
6.43
6.51
6.54
6.59
6.69

35.1
35.1
35.2
35.0
35.0
35.3

6.42
6.46
6,51
6.53
6.56
6,. 61

385.39
3 84*48
388.43
389.48
386.38
392.73

43.4
43.2
43.4
42.8
42.6
43.3

8.88
8.90
8.95
9.10
9.07
9.07

335.00
343.08
350.42
355.62
360.14
37 0.06

35.3
35.7
36.2
36.7
36.9
37.8

9.49
9.61
9.68
9.69
9.76
9.79

277.01
278.60
280.99
279.35
280.21
282.89

39.8
39.8
39.8
39.4
39.3
39.4

6.96
7.00
7.06
7.09
7.13
7.18

6.71
6.75
6.81
6.85
6.91
6.96

$2.02 $103.68
2.09 105.04
2.14 106.92
2.22 110.70
2.28 114.40
2.36 117.74
2.46 123.52
2.56 130.24
2.68 135.89
2.85 142.71
3.04 154.80
3.23 164.40
3.45 172.14
3.70 189. 14
3.94 201.40
4.24 219. 14
4.53 249.31
4.86 273.90
5.25 301.20
5.69 332.88
6.16 365.50

Transportation and
public utilities

1

Weekly
hours

225.34
226.75
229.15
228.55
229.60
233. 33

JUN..
JUL
AOG
SEPT.
OCT
HOV
DEC

1979
1979s
JUfl
JDL
AUG.....
SEPT....
OCT
»0V
DEC.....
1980s
JAN...*.
PEB
MAP.....
APS
HATP . - * .
JON.P ...

Weekly
earnings

6.11
6.16
6.18
6.30
6.31
6.34
6.38

1979s

1977
1978

Hourly

35.9
36.0
36.0
35.8
35.7
35.6
35.9

175.45
189.CO
203.70

1977
1978
19 79

1973
1974
1975
1976

Weekly
hours

219.35
221.76
222. 48
225.54
225.27
225.70
229.04

1975

1976

1971
1972

Weekly

219.30

136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53

1973
1974

1967
1968
1969
1970

Hourly
earnings

39.0
38.6
38.6
38.7
38.8
38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7
37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.6

98.82
101.84
107.73
114.€1
119.83
127.31

1971
1972

1959.2
1960
1961.
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966

Weekly
hours

$1.66 I 72.74
75. 14
1.71
77.12
1.76
80.94
1.83
84.38
1.89
1.97
85.79
2.04
88.91
2.14
92.13
2.25
95.72
2.41 101.75
2.56 108.70
2.72 112.67
2.88 117.85
3.05 122.98
3.23 129-20
3.48 137.61
3.73 148.19
3.97 155.43
4.28 165.26
4.67 178.00
5.06 190.77

37.3
37.2
36.9
37.3
37.5
37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37. 1
36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

5.05

5.44
5.91
6.43

Services

$1.95
2.02
2.09
2.17
2.25
2.30 $ 7C.03
2.39
73.60
2.47
77.04
2.58
80.38
2.75
83.97
2.93
90.57
3.07
96.66
3.22 103.06
3.36 110.85
3.53 117.29
3.77 126.00
4.06 134.67
4.27 143.52
4.54 153.45
4.89 163.67
5.27 175.27

36.1
35.9
35.5
35. 1
34.7
34.7
34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61
2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

8.02
8.19
8.31
8.44
8.43
8,51
8.. 54

165.49
168.17
167.99
167.24
166.86
167.83
170.42

32.9
33.3
33.2
32.6
32.4
32.4
32.9

5.03
5.05
5.06
5.13
5.15
5. 18
5.18

188.08
191.14
190.61
193.86
193.67
196.38
199.47

36.1
36.2
36.1
36.1
36.2
36.3
36.4

5.21
5.28
5.28
5.37
5.35
5.41
5.48

173.71
176.16
176.29
178.22
178.65
180.93
184.01

32.9
33.3
33.2
32.7
32.6
32.6
32.8

5.28
5.29
5.31
5.45
5.48
5.55
5.61

8-55
8.58
8.62
8.71
8.71
8.76

170.35
170.98
172.80
171.72
172.90
175.17

31.9
31.9
32.0
31.8
31.9
32.2

5.34
5.36
5.40
5.40
5.42
5.44

200.19
203.28
20 6.18
205.62
205.41
210.76

36.2
36.3
36.3
36.2
36.1
36.4

5.53
5.60
5.68
5.68
5.69
5.79

183.63
185.25
186.88
186.30
187.02
190.64

32.5
32.5
32.5
32.4
32.3
32.7

5.65
5.70
5.75
5.75
5.79
5.83

72.01
$118.78
125. 14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74
155.53
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325,98

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7
40.5
40. 1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63
3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.17

321.60
327.60
334.89
336.76
337.20
342. 10
341.60

40.1
40.0
40.3
39.9
40.0
40.2
40.0

337.73
338.05
340.49
344.05
342.30
348.65

39.5
39.4
39.5
39.5
39.3
39.8




Finance, insurance, and
real estate

153.64
164.96

67.41

69.91

p - preliminary.

37.0
36.7
36.9
37.0
37.3
37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9
37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

38.8
38.6
38.3
38.2
38. 1
37.9
37.7
37.1
36.6
36.1
35.7
35.3
35. 1
34.9
34.6
34.2
33.9
33.7
33.3
32.9
32.6

66.01

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B 2.

$2.56 $108.41
2.60 112.67
2.64 118.08
2.70 122.47
2.75 127.19
2.81 132.06
2.92 138.38
3.05 146.26
3. 19 154.95
3.35 164.49
3.60 181.54
3.85 195.45
4.06 211.67
4.44 221.19
4.75 235.89
5.23 249.25
5.95 266.08
6.46 2 83-73
6.94 295.65
7.67 318.69
8.50 342.99

Wholesale and
retail trade

$ 64.41

2Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959.

40.5
40.4
40.5
41.0
41.6
41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0
42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

74.66
76.91
79.39
82.35
87.00

91.39
96.02
101.09

106.45
111.76
119.02

126.45
133.79
142.52

NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, data beginning in 1978 may differ from data published earlier. See article in this issue for additional information.

123

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervtsory workers1 on private nonagricurtural payrolls
by industry
Avtrtft houny tw ntnQi

Avtragi weekly earnings

1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Bay
1979

June
1979

Apr.
1980

Ha
198

1980

$215.84 $219.35 $228.55 $229.60 $233.33

TOTAL PRIVATE

361.24

MINING

367.20

369.48

386.38

292.73

Hay
1979

$6.08

June
1979

Apr.
1980

y

1980

1980

p

$6.11

$6.53

$6.56

$6.61

8.46

- 8.50

9.10

9.07

9.07

10
101
102

METAL MINING
Iron ores
Copper ores

366.02
395.85
379.39

377.24
403.18
395.28

413.00
423.72
434.09

409.86
442.90
435.12

9.06
9.47
9.12

9.09
9.42
9.15

10.00
10.36
10.46

10. 12
10.99
10.36

11, 12
12

COAL MINING
BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE MINING . . .

426.62
427.85

427.41
429.68

433.40
434.56

424.71
424.79

10.38
10.41

10.45
10.48

11.00
11.03

10.89
10.92

13
131.2

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and
natural gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

331.14

339.46

376.20

376.26

7*63

7.68

8.36

8.38

358. 44
320.29

360*71
330.86

400.89
367.16

392.90
370.27

8.7C
7.23

8. 65
7.3(2

9.66
7.93

9.63
7.98

310.52
306. 54

320.16
313.22

318.42
314.75

322.20
312.se

6.78
6.55

6.90
6.65

7.32
7.01

7.39
7.04

138

14
142

NONMETALLIC MINERALS. EXCEPT FUELS . . .
Crushed and broken stone

341. 30

347.32

355.62

360.14

9.15

9.14

9.69

9.76

307.66
295.71
261.45
326.89

310.98
297.02
267.12
331.03

324.54
302.02
293.58
345.80

330.33
313.85
292.50
347.03

8.57
8.26
7.47
9.03

8.52
8. 16
7.42
9.02

9.04
€.58
8.11
9.50

9.10
8.67
7. 57
9.56

346.58
341.e2
349*97

363.36
372.22
358.28

353.36
331.28
3(2.50

360.10
343.60
368.12

8.60
8.10
8.86

8.59
8.29
8.76

8.79
8.20
9.04

8.98
8.59
9.18

358*06
375.12
326.03
410.34
333.64
310.42
289.82

360.88
376.20
313.79
419.39
333.64
311.70
300.32

371.96
389.41
328.79
434.32
345.78
312.13
278.07

374. 80
394.20
333.12
436.59
356.73
314.30
286.37

9.73
9.82
9.21
10.77
9.56
8.92
8.60

9.78
9.90
8.94
10.95
9.56
8.83
8.63

10.39
10.44
9.53
11.49
10.20

10.44
10.54

265.66

269.47

279.35

280.21

282.89

6.63

6.67

DURABLE GOODS

2 68.86 291.92

301.64

300.96

304.50

7.08

7.12

NONDURABLE GOODS

231.47

246.13

249.10

250.65

5.92

5.94

236. 02 247.23
3C3.42 336.20
253.97 265.74
267.90 280.84
170.21 173.32
230.69 235.22
220.CO 221.87
206.66 209.88
186.05 185.54
299.11 310.02
169.02 173.11
213.36 216.21
211.84 214.30
193.91 201.14

222.99
319.58
234.24
245.28
175.18
228.04
231.63
214.10
187.18
265.52
179.82
208.55
2OS.97
206. 59

240.26
332.13
244.94
257.72
173.63
233.62
238.5 0
208.66
187.60
285.24
180.32
211.32
208.89
204.61

249.56

5.96
7.80
6.24
6.55
4.29
5.87
5.67
5.41
4.71
7.31
4.39
5.60
5.56
4.86

190.73
178.60
169.94
187.00
184.73
195.78
211.07
213.64
230.95
203. 84

204.28
190.01
178.78
199.82
198.53
207.92
226.78
227.15
251.14
224.55

202.17
184.97
171.39
194.58
202.75
201.85
228*73
220.34
255.64
232.10

204.20

4.98
4.70
4.38
5.00
4.90
5.32
5.29
5.40
6.03
5.35

CONSTRUCTION
15
152
153
154

GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS

16
161
162

Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing, heating, air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

....

MANUFACTURING
24. 25,
32-39
20-23,
26-3

234.04

370.06

9.10

9.79

9.60
11*55
10.37
9.19

8*97

9.12

7.09

7.13

7.56

7.60

7. 18
7.67
6.46

6.36

6.42

6.15
8.22
6.45
6.80
4.29
5.94
5.66
5.48
4.65
7.58
4.45
5.66
5.61
4.93

6.28
e.41
6.40
6.72
4.61
6.18
6.21
5.74
4.90
7.63
4.86
6.01
5.97
5.23

6.39
8.56
6.48
6.80
4.68
6.28
6.36
5.78
4.86
7.73
4.90
6.09
6.09
5.26

6.55

5.06
4.76
4.42
5.05
4.97
5.22
5.33
5.40
6.14
5.57

5.39
5.04
4.68
5.43
5.17
5.65
5.80
5.90
6.54
6.02

5.42
5.04
4.67
5.39
5.28
5.67
5.88
5.86
6.64
6.06

5.46

DURABLE GOODS
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245

2451
249
25
251
2511

2512
2514
2515
252
253
254

259

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members . . . .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wooden containers
Wood buildings and m o b i * homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
. Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

See footnotes at end of table.

124




196.33
182.78
170.61
190.89
194.33
201.63
213.20
223.02
241.30
217.23

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by Industry—Continued
Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
1972
SIC
Cod.

Hay

1979

TOTAL PRIVATE

35,5

June
1979

35.9

Apr.
1980

way
1980

P
v

June
1980

35 4 0

35.0

1979

June
1979

Apr.
1980

1980

-

-

-

-

-

P

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hay

June D
1980

35.3
43.3

v

43.2

42.8

42.6

10
101
102

METAL MINING
Iron ores
Copper ores

40.4
41.8
41.6

41.5
42.8
43.2

41.3
40.9
41.5

40.5
40.3
42.0

11,12
12

COAL MINING
BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE MINING .

41.1
41.1

40.9
41.0

39.4
39.4

39.0
38.9

-

-

-

13
131.2

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural
gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

43.4

44.2

45.6

44.9

-

-

-

41.2
44.3

41.7
45.2

41.5
46.3 .

40.8
46.4

-

-

45.8
46.8

46.4
47.1

43.5
44.9

43.6
44.4

-

-

-

37.3

38.0

36.7

36.9

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

U2.7

MINING

14
142

NONMETALLIC MINERALS. EXCEPT FUELS
Crushed and broken stone

CONSTRUCTION

—

-

—

37.R

35.9
35.8
35.0
36.2

36.5
36.4
36.0
36.7

35.9
35.2
36.2
36.4

36.3
36.2
36.7
36.3

-

-

40.3
42.2
39.5

42.3
44.9
40.9

40.2
40.4
40.1

4 0.1
40.0
40.1

-

-

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing, heating, air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

36.8
38.2
35.4
38.1
34.9
34.8
33.7

36.9
38.0
35.1
38.3
34.9
35.3
34.8

35.8
37.3
34.5
37.8
33.9
34.3
31.0

35.9
37.4
34.7
37.8
34.4
34.2
31.4

40.1

40.4

39.4

-

-

-

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

—

-

-

-

-

16
161
162

GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS

MANUFACTURING

-

-

Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS . .
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

15
152
153
154

-

-

—

-

-

-

-

39.3

39.4

3.3

3.4

2.7

2.5

2.4

24. 25.
32-39
20-23.
26-31

DURABLE GOODS

40.8

41.0

39.9

39.6

39.7

3.6

3.6

2.7

2.4

2.4

NONDURABLE GOODS

39.1

39.4

38,7

38.8

38.8

2.9

3.0

2.7

2.6

2.5

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wooden containers
WOOQ buildings sno cnooiltt norn©$
• •..
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

39.6
38.9
40.7
40.9
39.7
39.3
38.8
38.2
39.5
41.0
38.5
38.1
38.1
39.9

40.2
40.9
41.2
41.3
40.4
39.6
39.2
38.3
39.9
40.9
38.9

37.6
38.8
37.8
37.9
37.1
37.2
37.5
36.1
38.6
36.9
36.8
34.7
34.3
38.9

38..1

3.4
4.3
4.2
4.4
3.2
3.0
1.7
2.5
3.6
4.8
2.9
2.0
1.7

3.6
4.7
4.4
4.7
3.4
2.9
1.8
2.3
3.6
4.4

2.3
3.2
2.7
2.9
2.2
1.8
1.4
1.6
2.6
2.3
2.0
1.0
.8
2.6

2.3
3.5

38.2
40.8

37.1
38.0
36.6
36.5
38.0
36.9
37.3
37.3
38.2
34.8
37.0
34.7
34.5
39.5

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
263
254
269

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

38.3
38.0
38.8
37.4
37.7
36.8
39.9
39.6
38.3
38.1

38.8
38.4
38.6
37.8
39.1
37.9
40.0
41.3
39.3
39.0

37.9
37.7
38.2
36.8
38.4
36.8
39.1
38.5
38.4
37.3

37.3
36.7
36.7
36.1
38.4
35.6
38.9
37.6
38.5
38.3

37*4

DURABLE GOODS

3d.2

—
_
—
—
_
-

_

-

—

-

—
-

-

-

•

3.2
1.9
1.9
2.3
1.3
1.7
2.2

2.2
1.8
2.0
1.5

3.0
2.1
1,8
3.4
2,2
2.1
2,4
1.4
2,0

2*8
2,3
2.0
2*7
2.3

1.7
1.7

2.0
1.1
1.7
1.9
1.7
2.1
2.1
.8

2.7
2.9
2.0
1.7
1.2
1.2
2.3
2.5
1.9
.9
.7

2.2
1.4
1.2
.4
.9
.6
.3
.7
.7
1.9
.9

-

—
—

Ste footnotes at end of table.




125

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricuttural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Hay
1979

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

34
341
3411
342
3423.5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353

$28U.
372.
289.
3 07.
265.
246.
4C8.
228.
216.
2S6.
282.
253.
329.
279.
266.
284.

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee . . •.
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

June
1979

$288.
379,
289,
307,
266,
246.
414,
232,
219,
303,
281,
258,
340,
287,
271,
296.

Apr.
1980

$296.54
383.88
313. 24
330.50
2 9 0 . 48*
246.27
427.91
242.80
237.84
298.70
273.37
266.67
325.99
295,80
2e4.89
304.14

Hay
1980 P

June
1980 P

$302.06 $308.32
368.28
325.18
353.08
289,04
245.12
439.10
242.53
236.23
305.53
277.49
275.88
333.74
298.00
292.00
295.80

Hay
1979

$7,44
9.23
7.97
8.57
7.19
6.40
10.53
6.14
6.12
7.38
6-56
6.60
8.16
7.34
7.30
7.25

$7.52

8.83
10.23
10.58
8.16
7.73
7.92
8.17
7.35
9.14
9.71
7.77
7.15
9.71
7.32
6.68
6.96

8*91
10.26
10.60
8.22
7.83
7*99
8.41
7.47
9.43
10.22
7.81
7,23
9,58
7.35
6.71
7.00

9.53
11.06
11.48

9.61
11.27
11.72

9.63

377.67
431.64
446.53
341.64
312.39
304.42
325.84
327.64
435.54
460.90
350,99
304.13
443*94
318,16
281.64
286.04

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, exc. for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

275,67
381.93
393.74
260.80
251.91
270. e6
232.07
234.52
219.e2
2 58.95
281.80
206.98
282.61
260.83
240.86
273.92
251.64
295.99
324.77
3241*23
399.53
243.19
219.89
212.40
2 37.86
266.09
244.09
2 59.90
276.30
228.97

280.03
398,27
410.32
261.05
257.70
267.92
241.59
238.88
230.30
262.76
285.25
207.77
288.46
264.27
240.01
274,34
250.38
298.41
328*41
336.34
399.65
246.19
223.58
215.61
241.34
268.37
244.20
264.50
279,45
235.18

2S2.25
414.79
431.74
273,04
266.26
2 80.47
252,59
256.41
239.65
281.47
300.77
219.62
317. 29
276,97
253.24
281.26
256,63
305.29
331.57
368.52
398.73
258.40
237.37
229.25
253.78
299,22
268,94
276,98
295.08
239*77

292.07 295.94
430.95
451.92
268.27
262.29
275.80
252.01
244.22
250.65
2 86.88
306.27
228.33
319.35
278.31
265.20
276.21
254.70
297.11
322.65
346.50
391.04
257.80
236.81
230.49
249.89
296.33
269.96
277.31
299.88
239.68

6.79
8,70
9,01
6,52
6.22
6.84
5.89
5.72
5.80
6.49
6,89
5.28
7.03
6,57
6,16
6,43
6.02
6.82
7.96
8.51
9.49
5.99
5.47
5.31
5.83
6.57
6.34
6.37
6,69
5.71

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery

301. 18
353.12
315.50
363.96
332.17
347,23
322.40

307.55
362.25
314.72
375.30
345.59
36 1, 23
330.68

320.21
360*55
349,66
3P.9.42
340.66
354.28
343.07

322,32
362.29
347.84
366,11
368,55
383.76
337.60

7.24
8.55
7.79
8.77
7.89
8.17
7.75

See footnotes at end of table.

126




June
1980P

$7.34
9.25
7.93
8,54
7.19
6.38
10.14
6.07
6.13
7.25
6.54
6.52
7.99
7.25
7.14
7.40

386.
445.
463.
338.
320.
315,
336.
331.
433,
453.
356,
312,
443.
329.
285,
294,

323.95

Hay
1980P

$6.86
8.65
7.15
7.49
6.68
6.24
9.70
5.58
5.62
6.84
6.24
6.05
7,55
6.84
$.62
7.02

370.66
426.82
438.84
342.77
323.38
327.59
346.49
314.49
390.40
415.95
332.71
315.23
408.11
306.50
273.10
284.90

'.

Apr.
1980

$6.78
8.58
7.13
7*49
6.63
6.15
9.59
5.51
S.55
6.76
6.21
6.04
7.41
6.71
6.52
6.89

365. 56
421.48
433.78
332.93
316.93
323.93
327. 62
3 05.76
382.05
401.02
331.78
309.60
417.53
306.71
270.54
2 61.88

379.42

Jane
1979

8.66
8.06

8.76
8.01

8.10

7.99
8.62

10.30
10.90

8.05
10.37
11.00
8.54

8.67
7.97

6.52
7.63

7.68

10.47
7.88
7.17
7.35

10.52

6.83
8.89
9.20
6.51
6.27
6.80
5.98
5.77
5,89
6.52
6.89
5.26
7.07
6.64
6.17
6.44
5,99
6.86
8.01
8.58
9.63
5.99
5.48
5.35
5.76
6.61
6.31
6.42
6.75
5.75

7.27
9.47
9.79
6*93
6.69
7.21
6.46
6.30
6.29
7.09
7.39
5.81
7.72
7.12
6.51
6.86
6.29
7.41
8.31
9.19
10.12
6.46
5.89
5.76
6.13
7.21
6.69
6.89
7.25
6.07

7.32
9.75
10.11
6,95
6.76
7.22
6.58
6.41
6.46
7.19
7.47
5.90
7.77
7.21
6.68
6.82
6.32
7.30
8.21
9.00
9.95
6.51
5.95
5.85
6.17
7.21
6.80
6.95
7.35
6.13

7.38

7.34
8,75
7,79
9.00
8.17
8.44
7.93

7.81
9.49
8.57
9.76
8,37
8.62
8,45

7.90
9.41
8.61
9.66
9.10
9.36
8.44

7.94

7.76

7. 13

7.26

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average weekly hours
1972
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Industry

Hay
1979

June
1979

Apr.
1980

May
1980P

June

May
1979

June
1979

Apr.
1980

May
19 80^

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

41.9
43.4
40.6
41.0
40.1
40.0
42.6
41.5
39.0
43.8
45.5
42.0
44.4
41 .7
40.8
41 .3

42.1
43.9
40.5
41.0
39.9
39*5
42.7
41.7
39.0
44.3
. 45.1
42.7
45,1
42.0
41.0
42.3

40.4
41.5
39.5
38.7
40.4
38.6
42.2
40.0
38.8
41,2
4K8
40.. 9
40,8
40.8
39.9
41.1

40.6
39.9
40.8
41.2
40,2
38.3
41.7
39,5
38,6
41.4
42,3
41.8
40.9
40.6
40.0
4 0.8

41.0

4,8
5.3
4,2
4.4
3.8
3,8
4,2
4,1
2,4
6,7
7,4
5,2
7,3
4.2
3.4
2.8

4,8
5.1
4,0
4.4
3,5
2,6
4,1
4.2
2,4
7.1
7.5
5.6
8.1
4,3
3,fl
3.3

3.5
3.6
3.5
3.6
3.3
1.8
4.0
2.9
2.3
4.5
4.4
3.9
4.8
3.2
3.1
2.6

3.4
3.3
3.7
4.1
3.2
1.4
2.7
2.9
2.2
4.6
4.3
4.2
5.0
2.8
2.8
2.1

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

41.4
41.2
41.0
40.8
41.0
40.9
40.1
41.6
41.8
41.3
42.7
43.3
43.0
41.9
40.5
40.5

41,6
41.6
41.4
41.7
41.3
41.0
41.2
42.1
41.4
40.7
42.6
43.6
42.6
41.7
40.7
40.7

40.6
40,3
40.4
39.1
39.8
39.0
38.8
41.6
42.1
41.6
41.9
41.0
42.4
41.8
39.8
40.0

39.3
38.3
38.1
39.0
39,0
38.1
37.8
40.7
42.0
41*9
41.1
39.6
42.2
41.0
39.5
39.4

39.4

3*. 9
3.4
3.3
3-5
4,1
4.0
3.9
4.5
3.7
3,8
5.2
5*3
6.7
4.5
3.4

4.0
3-6
3.5
3.7
4.2
4.0
4.6
4.6
3.9
4,1
5.3
5.6
6,8
4.5
3.4
3.5

3.0
2.4
2.4
2.1
3.0
2.7
2.5
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.2
3.7
6.2
3.9
2.5
2.7

2.3
1.7
1.6
1.9
2.2
1.8
2.0
3.0
3.9
4.0
3.5
2.6
6.1
2.9
2.1
2.1

34
341
3411
342
3423.5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
,
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
,
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
,
Ammunition, exc. for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

40.6
43/9
43.7
40.0
40.5
39.6
39.4
41.0
37.9
39.9
40.9
39.2
40.2
39.7
39.1
42.6
41.8
43.4
40.8
38.1
42.1
40.6
40.2
40.0
40.8
40.5
38.5
40.8
41.3
40.1

41.0
44.8
44.6
40. 1
41.1
39.4
40.4
41.4
39.1
40. 3
41,4
39.5
40.8
39.8
38.9
42.6
41.8
43.5
41.0
39.2
41.5
41.1
40.8
40.3
41.9
40.6
38,7
41.2
41.4
40.9

40.2
43.8
44.1

40.1

39.8
38.9
39.1
40.7
38.1
39-7
40.7
37,8
41,1
38.9
38.9
41,0
40,8
41.2
39.9
40,1
39,4
40.0
40.3
39,8
41,4
41.5
40.2
40,2
40.7
39.5

39.9
44.2
44.7
38.6
38.8
38.2
38.3
38.1
38.8
39.9
41.0
3 8.7
41,1
38.6
39.7
40.5
40.3
40.7
39.3
38.5
39.3
39.6
39.8
39.4
40.5
41.1
39.7
39.9
40.8
39.1

3.5
4.8
4.4
2.9
3.2
2.8
2.6
3.3
1.7
2.7
3,7
2,3
2,4
2,9
1.8
5,0
5*1
4.8
4.5
4.3
5.7
3.4
3.6
3.5
3.8
2.6
1.5
3.2
3.7
3.2

3.6
5.5
5*1
2,8
3,3
2*5
2.7
3.2
2,2
2.9
3.7
2,3
2,7
3.2
1,6
4.9
4,9
5,0
4,3
4,5
4.8
3.6
3.7
3.3
4,6
2,7
1.4
3,5
3.8
3,7

2.7
4.6
4.4
2.0
2.3
1.6
2.2
2.7
1.8
2.3
3.1
1.5
2.6
2.2
2.0
3.6
3.9
3.4
2.9
3.6
2.3
2.8
3.4
3.1
3.9
2.4
1.5
2.5
2.9
2.1

2.5
4.2
4.2
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.6
1.5
1.8
2.4
3.3
1.8
2.5
2.3
2.6
3.2
3.4
3.0
2.3
2.5
1.5
2.5
3.2
3.0
3.6
2.5
1.5
2.4
3.0
2.0

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery

41.6
41.3
40.5
41.5
4*2.1
42.5
*1.6

41.9
41.4
40.4
41.7
42,3
42.8
41.7

41.0
40,1
40.8
39.9
40.7
41.1
40,6

4 0,8
38.5
40.4
37.9
40.5
41,0
40.0

40. fl

3,9
3.7
3.5
3.7
4.8
5.2
3.1

4.0
3,8
3,7
3,8
4.8
5,2
3,3

3.4
2.7
3.8
2.4
3.0
3.3
3.0

June
1980 H

3.1
1.5
3.6
.9
2.6
2.8
2.7

39.4

See footnotes at end of table.




127

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricurtural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average hourly earningi
1972
SIC
Code

3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354

3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564

3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592

3599
36
361
3612
3613

362
3621

3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661

3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369

3691
3694
37
371
3711

3713
3714

3715,6
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374

Industry

May
1979

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL—Continued
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyers and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metal work ing machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee

June
1979

*pr.
1980

$3*7. 17 $364.01 $367.38
351.50
3 20.
324.
343.37
315.
307:
304.78
271.
286:
297.95
280.
295.
340.80
323.
327.
360.86
336.
333.
332.
344.87
326.
357.
368.'94
352.
289.
308.59
287.
249.
246.41
249.
286.
302.32
262.
297.
314.24
2 97.
234.
241.80
227.
297,
318.42
293.
304.
318.61
298.
300,
312.73
294.
314,
328.34
312.
316.
343:48
302.
275.
288.56
263.
350,
366.72
345.
288.
298.22
287.
253,
267.15
245.
256.
271.26
248.
266.
278.48
263.
274.
285.05
270.
290.
313.18
289.
338.
356.5-3
340.
282
306.12
280.

Mayp
1980

June?
1980

Mayp
1980

1980

$9.42
8.29
7.96
7.47
7.60
8.00
8.22
8.31
8.56
7.33
6.27
7.32
7.74
6;00
7.51
7.79
7;76
7.95
8^12
7.09
8.69
7.40
6.58
6.60
7.05
7.18
7.62
8.76
7.43

$9:36
8.35
7.90
7.71
7.66
8.10
8.27
8.33
8.65
7.38
6.38
7.39
7.86
6.06
7.57
7.86
7.87
7.78
8.25
7.30
8.75
7.61
6.59
6.62
7.02
7.15
7.69
8.73
7.52

266.45 $269.21
266.95
261.62
271.21
278.18 276.51
275.20
277.26
276.61 277;80
261.^9 253.95
281.20 272.16
314.50 298.37
211.07 217.67
247.27 247.59
I
278.70 281.29
239.79, 236.81
253.62 I 258.18
184.73 183:65
238.39 229.97
248.52 236.38
315.12 311.98
322.80 317.60
307.85j 307.44
236.61 235.22
323.64 308.16
269.73 264.13
220.25 223.28
302.24 300.68
285.38 290.30
335.62 330.50

6; 22
6.25
5.93
6.49
6.37
6.46
6.19
6.29
6.81

6.79
6.83
6.65
6.97
6'.92
6i88
6.95
6.84
7.60
8.19
5.54
6.26
6.95
5.95
6.47
4.90
6.29
6.54
7.80
8.01
7.62
5.93
7;44
6.66
5.59
7.73
7.61
8.65

6.78
6.81
6.59
6.99
6.93
6.88
6.98
6.79
7.56
8.13
5^61
6.30
6.98
5.95
6.62
4.95
6.10
6.27
7.78
8.00
7.61
5.94
7.39
6.67
5.61
7.69
7.68
8.54

$6.85

6.22
5.42
5.98
4.61
5.79
6.00
7.09
7.15 1
7.04 j
5.22 I
6.62
5.75
4.91
7.40
T.35
8.24

6.26
6.30
6.01
6.53
6.38
6.45
6.19
6.31
6.85
7.28
5.23
5.82
6.18
5.47
6.04
4.59
5.89
6.09
7:16
7.22
7.12
5.29
6.67
5.90
4.98
7.41
7.41
8.25

360:19
363.61
391.81
295.88
357.31
262.96
379.05
393.30
380.28
350.10
329.26
345.58
263.16
377.12

8.56
9.19
9.85
7.25
8.96
6.00
8.07
8.32
8.30
7.30
7.13
7.57
5.80
8.91

8.53
9.13
9.84
7.19
8.91
6.03
8.11
8.33
8.38
7.39
7.09
7.46
5.90
'8.86

9.04
9.50
10.39
7.89
9.20
6.79
8.98
9.38
9.10
8.09
8.05
8.39
6.72
9.63

9.05
9.42
10.23
7.89
9.14
6.92
9.09
9.50
9.23
8.18
8.15
8.47
6.80
9.77

9.24

253.53
256:41
245.21
264.47
261.58,
264.45
252.55
251.77
280.85
289.02
206.06
232.80
244.11
221.54
239.79
177.17
230.89
237.51
294.99
298.91
291.92
214.77
280.14
250.16
198.70
300.85
291.21
336.60

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers and motor homes
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Shipbuilding and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment

355.24
385. 98
417.64
290.13
376. 32
232,20
339.75
349.44
346.11
312. 44
284. 49
304.31
225. 62
359.96

351.44
378.90
410.33
287.60
372.44
236.38
343.05
351.53
351.12
317.77
273.67
287.96
227.15
365.03

359.79
366.70
393.78
298.24
362.48
258.02
372.67
383.64
376.74
346.25
326.03
342.31
264.77
378.46

$357.55
344.02
338.91
316.11
295.68
342.63
364.71
349.03
371,; 09
307.01
243.72
304.47
320.69
245.43
324.75
321.47
216.31
327.54
353.93
295.65
361.38
304.40
272.83
274.73
273.78
278.85
314.52
346.58
309.07

268.88
272.52
266.67
276.71




Apr,
1980

$8.90
7. 77
7.15
6.67
7.10
7;50
7.65
7.79
8.01
6.81
6.03
6.85
7.25
5.6$
6.97
7.30
7.25
7.47
7.48
6.61
7.95
6.98
6.07
6.11
6.58
6.70
7.06
8.17
6.86

250.04
253. 13
241.35
262.20
259.26
260.98
251. 31
2484 46
269.00
290. 21
205. 80
233.18
251-29
217.88
238.00
177.49
221.18
226;80
289.98
291.72
287.94
208. 28
273.41
238; 05
193.95
301.92
287.39
340.21

128

June
1979

$8.53
7.73
7.12
6.54
7.06
7.46
7.61
7.66
7.94
6.76
6.14
6.83
7.25
5.60
6.94
7.23
7.17
7.37
7.36
6.57
7.85
7.02
6.04
6.07
6.50
6.6 2
7.03
8.07
6.84

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

See footnotes at end of table.

May
1979

368.68

7.31
5.25
5.83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricuttural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
1972
SIC

3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541

3542
3544
3645
3546
355
3551
3552
3555

356
3561
3562

3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3673
358
3585
359

3592
3699
36
361
3612
3613

362
3621

3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641

3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662

367
36713
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715,8
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374

Hay
1979

June
1979

Ipr.
1980

1980 *

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL—Continued
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyers and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee

40.7
41.4
44.3
41.5
39.8
43.4
43.8
42.6
44.4
42.5
40.6
41.3
41.0
40,7
42.3
41.3
41.1
42.4
41.1
40.1
44.0
41.0
40.7
41.0
40.5
40.9
41.2
42.2
41.0

40.9
41.8
43.0
42.9
41.6
43*7
44.0
42.7
44.6
42.5
41.4
41.8
41.0
41.5
42.7
41.7
41.4
42.1
42.3
41.7
44.1
41.4
41.7
41.9
40.5
41.0
41.2
41.4
41.2

39.0
42.4
43.2
40.8
39.2
42.6
43.9
41.5
43.1
42.1
3$. 3
41.3
40.6
40.3
42.4
40.9
40.3
41.3
42.3
40.7
42.2
40.3
40.6
41.1
39.5
39.7
41.1
40.7
41.2

38.2
41.2
42.9
41.0
38.6
42.3
44.1
41.9
42.9
41.6
38.2
41.2
4 0-. 8
40.5
42.9
40.9
40.2
42.1
42.9
40.5
41.3
40.0
41.4
41.5
39.0
39.0
40.9
39.7
41.1

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT . . . .
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment . . . .
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

40.2
40.5
40.7
40.4
40.7
40.4
40.6
39.5
39.5
39.7
39,2
40.1
40.4
40.2
39,8
38.5
38.2
37.8
40.9
40.8
40.9
39.9
41.3
41.4
39.5
40.8
39.1
41.3

40.5
40.7
40.8
40.5
41,0
41.0
40.8
39.9
41.0
39.7
39.4
40.0
39.5
40.5
39.7
38,6
39 f 2
39.0
41.2
41.4
41.0
40.6
42.0
42.4
39.9
40.6
39,3
40.8

39.6
39.9
40.1
39.7
40.2
40.3
39.8
38.2
37.0
38.4
38.1
39.5
40.1
40.3
39.2
37.7
37.9
38.0
40.4
40.3
40.4
39.9
43.5
40.5
39.4
39.1
37.5
38.8

39.3
39.2
39.7
38.8
39.9
40.0
39.8
37.4
36.0
36.7
38.8
39.3
40.3
39.8
39.0
37.1
37.7
37.7
40.1
39.7
40.4
39.6
41.7
39.6
39.8
39.1
37.8
38.7

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers and motor homes
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
:..'

41.5
42.0
42.4
40.1
42.0
38.7
42.1
42.0
41.7
42.8
39.9
40.2
38.9
40.4

41.2
41.5
41.7
40.0
41.8
39.2
42.3
42.2
41.9
43.0
38.6
38.6
38.5
41.2

39.8
38.6
37.9
37.8
39.4
38.0
41.5
40.9
41.4
42.8
40.5
40.8
39.4
39.3

39.8
38.6
38.3
37.5
39.1
38.0
41.7
41.4
41.2
42.8
40.4
4,0.8
38.7
38.6

June:
1980p

Hay
1979

June
1979

Apr.
1980

May
1980 P

2.5
3.1
4.3
3.4
2.2
5.5
5.8
6.3
6.0
5.2
3.2
3.5
2.9
2.9
3.9
4.0
3.5
4.8
3.2
3.8
5.8
3.9
2.6
2.7
2.5
2.8
4.5
4.4
4.5

2.5
3.1
4.6
4.2
3.3
5.6
5.8
6.5
6.1
5.2
4.0
3.8
3.0
3.2
3.9
4L2
3«6
4.. 7
3.9
4.5
5.9
4.2
2.8
2.8
2.6
2.9
4.3
3.4
4.4

1.8
3.5
5.3
2.6
2.1
4.8
6.0
4.7
5.3
4.6
2.1
3.5
2.7
2.2
4.3
3.4
2.8
4.6
4.7
3.2
4.2
2.6
2.4
2.5
1.8
2.0
4.0
2.5
4.2

1.0
2.7
5.5
3.2
1.8
4.6
6.1
4.5
5.0
4.0
1.7
3.2
2.6
2.5
4.0
3.4
2.6
4.3
5.1
3.6
3.7
2.7
2.5
2.4
1.5
1.6
3.7
1.9
4.0

39.3

2.7
2.8
3.4
2.4
3.1
3.1
3.0
2.0
1.9
1.3
1.9
2.7
2.1
2.7
2.4
1.8
1.8
1.5
2.5
2.9
2.1
-2.7
1.9
3.6
2.6
3.4
2.8
4.0

2.8
3.2
3.6
2.8
3.1
3.2
2,6
2.5
3.0
.5
2.5
2.5
1.7
2*7
2.3
1.8
2.6
2.4
2.7
3.3
2.3
2.9
2.3
3.7
2.8
2.9
2.8
3.2

2.2
2.3
2.7
2.1
2.4
2.4
2.3
1.7
1.8
.7
T.3
2.1
2.2
2.4
1.7
1.1
1.4
1.6
2.2
2.4
2.0
2.6
2.7
3.4
2.4
1.3
.6
1.1

1.9
2.1
2.6
1.7
2.0
1.9
2.3
1.2
.9
.3
1.4
1.8
2.0
2.0
1.4
.7
1.1
1.2
1.9
1.7
2.1
2.3
2.3
2.7
2.3
1.3
*7
.9

39.9

4.9
5.8
7.0
4.0
5.0
2.6
4.4
4.0
4.7
5.0
3.0
3.1
2.6
4.1

4.3
**7
5.5
3.4
4.2
2.5
4.5
4.0
4,9
5.3
2.9
3.1
2.3
4.2

2.9
2.1
2.1
1.6
2.2
1.3
3.9

June p
1980

2.6
1.5
1.6
1.5
1.5
1.0
4.0
3.1
4.8
4.9
3.3
3.4
2.8
2.2

a.i
4.4
4.9
3.4
3.5
3.1
3.2

8 M footnotes at end of table.




129

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervteory workers1 on private nonagricuttural payrolls
by industry-Continued
Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earningi

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Bay
1979

June
1979

Apr.
1980

Hay
1980P
BOP

376
3761
379
3792

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT—Continued
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385 •
386
387

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS .
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

249. 29
264.62
255.64
229.31
264.50
272. 85
290.59
208. C3
203. 52
212.78
187.78
327.60
181.50

39
391
3911
393
394
3942, 4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware/and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

192. 50 194.11
192.75 196.84
163.46 187.82
190.03 197.20
174.80 174.96
168.59 167.90
180*69 180*86
207.60 209.61
163.40 163.54
151.25 149.48
216*61 218*67
227.76 226.58

206.21 205.90
215.84 216.38
210,92 210.13
206.27 205.29
188.93 188.82
181.98 181.06
194.22 195.82
220.65 220.80
170.75 172.79
159.12 162.58
228.14 226.53
246.52 245.75

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
• Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products

245.92 247.16
248.22 250.80
312.12 318.10
293.06 294.80
152.66 158.18
257.09 261.88
233.84 242.19
269.19 271.93
207.82 202.31
247.86 249.90
209.75 197.27
194. 54 190*08
287.30 29H.60
305.92 310.50
236. 85 238.82
247*94 252.20
250.51 253.87
240.28 249.40
234.74 239.37
283,58 287.83
204.67 210.21
279.48 285.75
295. 87 302.47
407.13 421.64
219.85 224.37
206.72 202.00

21
211

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

264.91
3C8.51

22
221
222
223
224
225

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills

181.25
192.82
196.24
187.33
169.70
161.45

June1980v

S3 34. 49 $336.17 $365.49 $366.53
330.08 334.56 368.83 371.59
245.63 244.98 267.29 269.89
206. 97 207.32 222.32 220.79

Bay
1979

June
1979

Apr.
198C

19B0?

1980V

$8.06
8.15
6.55
5.83

$8.12
8.16
6.43
5.68

$8.98
9.04
7.09
6.21

$9.05
9.13
7.14
6. 15

6.11
6.47
6.16
5.82
6.18
6.42
6.53
5.28
5.05
5.47
4.89
7.80
4.69

6.12
6.45
6.17
5.82
6.18
6.45
6.52
5.32
5.13
5.49
4.91
7.72
4.74

6.63
6.94
6.73
6.18
6.62
7.31
7.06
5.65
5.37
5.90
5.21
8.63
5.16

6.72
6.97
6.82
6.21
6.68
7.44
7.26
5.72
5.45
5.95
5.28
8.66
5.18

207.26

5.00
5.14
5.04
4.86
4.60
4.46
4.73
5.19
4.30
4.11
5.54
5.84

4.99
5.18
5.09
4.93
4.58
4.43
4.71
5s 15
4.27
4.04
5.55
5.78

5.37
5.71
5.67
5.33
4.92
4.84
4.98
5.53
4.64
4.42
5.88
6.37

5.39
5.77
5.71
5.36
4.93
4.79
5.06
5.52
4.62
4.43
5.93
6.45

5.44

262.58
261.67
341.92
299.90
154.18
276.19
249.60
291.75
216.02
227.94
221.56
204.82
315.42
322*15
258.26
267.72
268.22
265.39
249.87
327.41
213.76
297.62
322.77
465.65
235.22
213.30

270.75 269.79
274.82
354.48
325.22
163.47
283.24
256.31
297.50
222.50
235.22
231.21
216.54
315.84
333.27
256.39
276.83
277. 48
277.02
254.54
340*70
213.18
298.05
331.17
474.54
246.65
221.45

6.21
6.30
7.65
7.29
4.06
6.24
5.92
6.44
5.37
6.09
5.42
5.04
6.76
6.89
5.47
6.44
6.49
6*29
6.05
7*29
5.33
6.53
7.36
9.93
5.51
5.44

6.21
6.27
7.61
7.37
4.13
6.28
5.98
6.49
5.31
6.14
5.39
4.95
6.75
6.90
5.44
6.50
6.56
6.33
6.06
7.25
5.39
6.63
7.45
10.16
5.54
5.43

6.75
6.85
8.36
7.81
4.38
6.72
6.40
6.93
5.73
6.55
5.80
5i39
7.51
7*58
6:12
6*99
7.04
6.84
6.49
8.31
5s64
6.97
7.95
10*68
5.97
5.86

6.82
6.94
8.44
8*07
4.43
6.76
6.44
7.00
5.84
6.48
5.99
5.51
7.52
7.54
6.09
7.08
7. 17
6.84
6.51
8.19
5.61
6.98
7.98
10.64
6.09
5.97

6.83

265.59
305.34

297.58
341.25

294. 14 315.17
340.45

6.81
7.85

6.81
7*73

7.79
8.91

7.68
8.82

8.04

184.78
192.87
195.82
193.93
170.49
166.06

195.91
210.53
204.02
203.31
180. 18
178.39

195.02
208.15
208*69
205.20
180.58
179.24

4.52
4.68
4.74
4.66
4*19
4.26

4.54
4.67
4.73
4.73
4.22
4.28

4.91
5.11
5.05
5.07
4.55
4.67

4.90
5.04
5*09
5.13
4.56
4.68

4.93

249.08
266.39
254.20
231.05
260.18
268.97
294.70
207.48
201.61
213.56
191.49
324.24
181.07

267,85
2 SO.09
275.93
249.05
285.98
298.98
287-34
222.05
217.49
226.56
206.32
350.38
198.14

270.82 $273.10
289.26
278.26
244.67
289.24
302.81
297.66
224.22
218.00
229.67
209.62
354.19
195.29

$6.71

NONDURABLE GOODS

See footnotes at end of table.

130




195.23

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry-Continued
Average weekly hours
1972
SIC
Codt

Average overtime hours

Industry

May
1979

June
1979

ipr.
1980

Hay
1980P

376
3761
379
3792

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT—Continued
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

41.5
40.5
37.5
35.5

41.4
41.0
38. 1
36.5

40.7
40.8
37.7
35.8

40.5
40.7
37.8
35.9

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS .
Engineering and scientific instruments
,
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
,
Process control instruments
,
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
,
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

40.8
40.9
41.5
39.4
42^8
42.5
44.5
39.4
40.3
38.9
38.4
42.0
38,7

40*7
41.3
41.2
39.7
42,1
41.7
45.2
39.0
39.3
38.9
39.0
42.0
38.2

40.4
41.8
41.0
40.3
43.2
40.9
40.7
39.3
40,5
38.4
39.6
4*0.6
38.4

40.3
41.5
40.8
39.4
,43.3
40.7
41.0
39.2
40.0
38.6
39.7
40.9
37.7

39

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

38.5
37.5
36.4
39.1
38.0
37.8
38.2
40.0
38.0
36.8
39.1
39.0

38-9
38.0
36.9
40.0
38.2
37.9
38.4
40.7
38.3
37.0
39.4
39.2

38.4
37.8
37.2
38.7
38.4
37.6
39.0
39.9
36.8
36.0
38.8
38.7

June
1980 P

391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961.
399
3993

May
1979

June
1979

Apr.
1980

May
1980'P

4.0
3.1
1.2
.7

4.3
3.6
1.3
1.1

3.5
3.0
1.6
1.4

2.3
2.8
2.4
1.3
3.2
2.0
3.9
1.9
2.3
1.6
1.6
2.9
1.5

2.4
2.9
2.5
1.6
3.1
2.1
4.1
2.0
2.4
1.8
1.8
2.7
•1.3

2.2
2.7
2.0
1.6
3.6
1.5
2.7
2.0
2.2
2.0
2.0
2.6
1.2

2.2
2.8
2.1
1.2
3.8
1.6
S.4
1.8
1.9
1.8
1.8
2.8
•1.3

38.2
37.5
36.8
38.3
38.3
37.8
38.7
40.0
37.4
36.7
38.2
38.1

38.1

1.9
1.9
1.7
1.3
1.6
1.5
1*7
2.6
2.0
1.7
2.2
2.4

2.0
1.9
1.6
t.7
1,6
1.6
1.6
2.8
1.8
1.3
2.4
2.4

1.7
2.2
2.4
1.2
1.4
1.2
1.6
2.1
1.8
1.2
1.9
2.1

}

3.2
2.9
.9
.7

40-7

1980

1.5
1.5
1.6
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.9
1.7
1.4
1.7
2.0

NONDURABLE GOODS
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2066
207
208
2082
2086
209

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products

39
39
40
40
37
41
39
41
38
40.
38
38
42,
44
43
38,
38
38.
38,
38
38.
42,
40
41.
39
38

39.8
40.0
41.8
40.0
38.3
41.7
40.5
41.9
3B.1
40*7
36.6
38.4
43,2
45.0
43.9
38.8
38,7
39*4
39.5
39.7
39.0
43.1
40.6
41.5
40,5
37.2

38,9
38.2
40.9
38.4
35.2
41.1
39.0
42.1
37.7
34.8
38.2
38.0
42.0
42.5
42.2
38.3
38.1
38.8
38.5
39.4
37.9
42.7
40.6
43,6
39.4
36.4

39.7
39.6
42.0
40.3
36.9
41.9
39.8
42.5
38,1
36,3
38,6
39*3
42.0
44.2
42.1
39.1
38.7
40.5
39.1
41.6
38.0
42.7
41.5
44.6
40.5
37.1

39-5

3.7
4.0
4.7
4.1
3,4
3.9
3.2
4.1
2.7
3.7
2.6
2.8
5.3
6.3
5.7
3.4
3.9
1.8
2.4
2.9
2.3
5.2
3,7
4.7
3.7
3.2

3.7
4.1
5.0
3.5
3. 6
4.3
3,9
4.3
2.8
3,5
2.6
2.7
5.6
6.7
6.1
3.4
3.8
2.1
2.4
2.9
2.2
5.5
3.9
5.0
4.0
3.0

3.4
3.5
4.9
2.9
2.2
3.8
3.1
4.2
2.8
3.7
2.9
3.2
5.3
5.4
5.8
3.1
3.4
2.1
1.9
.9
2*1
4.9
3.7
5.5
3.3
2.7

3.6
4.0
5.2
3.8
2.7
4.3
3.5
4.4
2.6
3.6
2.8
2.9
4.8
5.1
5.3
3.2
3.6
2.1
1.9
1.6
1.9
4.7
4.1
6. 1
3.9
3.2

21
211

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

38.9
39.3

39.0
39.5

38.2
38.3

38.3
38.6

39.2

.9
.7

1.1
.9

1.9
2.1

1.5
1.7

22
221
222
223
224
226

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills

40.1
41.2
41.4
40.2
40.5
37.9

40.7
41,3
41.4
41.0
40.4
38.8

39.9
41.2
40.4
40.1
39.6
38.2

39.8
41.3
41.0
40.0
39.6
38.3

39.6

3.3
4.0
3,9
3.4
2.7
2.4

3.6
4.0
3.7
4.0
2.8
2.9

3.3
4.4
3.0
2.8
2.6
2.5

3.0
3.9
3.1
2.9
2.2
2.4

See footnotes at end of table.




131

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry-Continued
Average weekly writings
1972
SIC
Codt

2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226

2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

y
1979

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS—Continued
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool • •
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

$154.54
1 46. 77
154,71
145.48
166.52
193.66
193.12
208.82
190.76
168.82
169.68
162.37
204.65

Jane
1979

$159.
151.
158.
149,
191.
203.
201.
217.
199.
172,
173.
161,
204.

Apr,
1980

Hay
1980?

Average fcpuny eanwofli

Bay
1979

Jane
1980P

$161.04 $159.71
155.01 155.76
173.71 179.80
167.26 169.72
212.85 207.16
214.95 210.77
219.63 215.87
521.24 214.80
193.33 191.90
185*78 184.12
188.03 187.27
173.66 167.32
215.06 210.54

Jane
1979

$4.11
4.01
4.17
4.03
4.71
4.77
4.84
4.96
4.63
4.21
4.20
4.09
4.96

$4.12
4.03

4.19
5.04
3.84
3.70
3.93
3.80
4.16
3.93
4.23
4.40
4.07
3.82
3.75
4.09
3.78
3.71
4.08
4.87
3.73
4.07
7.88

4.21
5.03
3.86
3.71
3.93
3.82
4.21
3.97
4.31
4.52
4.08
3.83
3.76
4.15
3.81
3.79
4.82
3.75
4.08
7.94

6.98
8.02
8.00
8.16
6.20
6.94
5.82
5.86
6.26
6.37
6.55
5.81

ipr.
1980

Hay
1980 p

Jane p
1980

$4.40
4.33
4.62
4.57
5.08
5.23
5.37
5.37
4.97
4.61
4.62
.43
5.31

$4.34
4.40
4.67
4.55
5.09
5.23
5.33
5.37
5.05
4.58
4.59
4.38
5.29

• 46
.36
.18
.07
.29
.09
• 50
.26

$4.49

3.96
4.38
7*32

4.45
5.29
4.18
4.05
4.28
4.08
4.50
4.21
4.57
4.85
4.39
4.10
4.05
4.32
4.13
4.09
4.42
4.78
3,99
4.43
7.11

7.07
8.19
8.16
8.15
6. 27
7.03
5.84
5.94'
6.34'
6.48
6.67
5.83

7.63
8.67
8.80
9.07
6.71
7.37
6.18
6.39
6.74
6.80
6.99
6.53

7.64
8.84
8.75
9.01
6.75
7.43
6.20
6.43
6.83
6.97
7.05
6.62

7.74

4.19

4.04
4.75
4.83
4.90
5.02
4.73
4.23
4.22
4.09
4.99

APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS .
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists . . .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishing, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

147. 07
177.41
137.C9
133.57
137. 16
140.60
137.70
134.41
134iO9
1 46. 96
138.38
134.46
131.25
147.65
136. 84
133.93
149.33
184.09
138.01
155.88
315. 20

149.88
179.57
140.89
136.90
141.48
143.25
141.04
137.36
137;. 06
155.04
140.76
136.73
134.61
146.08
140,59
140.23
151.33
184.12
145.13
158.30
303.31

157.44
190.28
151.32
145*71
15P.58
152.97
151.20
146.54
147.02
162.96
154.00
146.32
145.40
149.02
145.38
139.54
157.44
178.93
142.56
161.18
270.11

157.09 $159.84
193.61
152.15
147.42
151.94
153,82
148.95
143.98
142.58
165.39
149.70
147*19
147.02
148.61
148.68
144.38
158.24
177.34
142.04
166.57
263.78

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

295i 95
361.70
363.20
355.78
253. 58
306.75
231.64
240.85
256.66
260.53
269.86
237.63

302.60
369.37
370.46
353.71
26ft. 21
319.16
237.69
244.73
264.38
268.92
278.81
248.94

321.99
4C2.70
404.80
395.45
269.74
302. 17
244.73
256.24
274.32
280.84
286.59
261.20

317.82
389.84
389.38
383.83
271.35
309.09
244.90
257.84
275w93
287.86
284.12
271.42

324.31

256.25
254.16
228.90
234.99
223.74
246. 40
212.42
269.31
250:52
278.40
269.69
203.18
329.C8

258.43
253.53
231.36
235.39
223.49
248.03
221.29
273.79
254.60
282.94
277.64
203.45
331.74

270.11
254.17
244.63
245.80
235.25
257.18
224.64
287.28
266.70
296.42
294.44
221.70
351.56

274.91
257.62
250.60
254.49
241.04
268.23
235.05
294.10
273.04
300.99
295.00
224.06
352.88

274. 53

6.87
7.41
6.22
6.01
5.65
6.40
5.95
7i.O5
6.61
7.25
6.61
5.25
8.87

6.91
7.37
6.27
6.13
5.76
6.51
6.13
7.13
6.70
7.33
6.69
5.23
8.87

7.34
7.61
6.93
6.52
6.29
6.75
6.24
7.60
7.15
7.78
7.27
5.67
9.40

7.45
7.69
7.00
6.61
6.36
6.86
6.37
7.76
7.32
7.90
7.32
5.76
9.41

7.46

279

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commerical printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commerical printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Bankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations

312.66
336.94
335^.74
310.70
343.68
268.15
272. 56
264.27

315.17
341.54
340.72
313.12
347.44
288.56
275.81
266.53

337.79
362.15
366.68
339.42
367.98
319.49
307.91
290.56

338.64
361.68
365.38
338.25
377.87
310.43
310.02
294.19

339.49

7.48
8.08
8.09
7.38
8.03
6.91
6*78
6.64

7.54
8.21
8.23
7.42
8.08
6.92
6.81
6.68

8.12
8.79
8.90
8.12
8.72
7.68
7.51
7.21

8.16
8.80
8.89
8.19
9.04
7.59
7.58
7.30

8*24

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337

2339
234
2341
2342

236
2361
238
239
2391

2392
2396
26
261.2.6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651

2653
2654
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275

2751
2752
276
278

See footnotes at end of table.

132



*

-

I

4%. 09

• 58
• 85
.40
.11
• 05
• 37
.13
.08
.41
.81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry-Continued
Average overtime h

Average weekly hours
1972
SIC
Cod*

Hay
1979

June
1979

Apr.
1980

Hay
1980

June .
1980 '

2251
2262
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS—Continued
Womtn'i hosiery, except socks
Hosiery.nec
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

37.6
36.6
37.1
36.1
39.6
40.6
39,9
42.1
41.2
40.1
40.4
39.7'
41.3

38.8
37.7
37.8
37.1
40.4
42.1
41.2
43.3
42.2
40.7
41.2
39,5
40.9

36.6
35,8
37.6
36.6
41.9
41.1
40.9
41.2
38.9
40.3
40.7
39.2
40.5

36.8
35.4
38.5
37.3
40.7
40.3
40.5
40.0
38.0
40.2
40.8
38.2
39.8

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2330
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

APPAREL AMD OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nighwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys'work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses'blouses and waists . .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats . . . .
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

35.1
35.2
35.7
36.1
34.9
37.0
33.1
34.2
31.7
33.4
34.0
35.2
35.0
36.1
36.2
36.1
36.6
37.8
37.0
38.3
40.0

35.6
35.7
36.5
36.9
36.0
37.5
33.5
34.6
31.8
34.3
34.5
35.7
35.8
35-2
36.9
37.0
37.0
38.2
38.7
38.8
38*2

35.3
35.5
36.2
35-8
35.1
37,4
33.6
34.4
32.1
33.6
35.0
35.6
35.9
34.1
35.2
34.2
35.7
37.2
36.0
36.8
36.9

35.3
36.6
36.4
36.4
35.5
37.7
33.1
34.2
31.2
34.1
34.1
35.9
36.3
34.4
36.0
35.3
35.8
37.1
35.6
37.6
37.1

35.6

26
261.2.6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
Zoo
2651
2653
2854

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
PsporDosro contBtn0f % BOG DOXGS * . * • * • , . ,
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

'42.4
45.1
45.4
43.6
40.9
44.2
39.8
41.1
41.0
40.9
41.2
40.9

42.8
45.1
45.4
43.4
41.5
45.4
40.7
41.2
41.7
4*1.5
41.0
42,7

42.2
45.4
46.0
43.6
40.2
41.0
39.6
40.1
40.7
41*3
41.0
40.0

41.6
44.1
44.5
42.6
40.2
41.6
39.5
40.1
40.4
41.3
40.3
41.0

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commerical printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Bankbooks and bookbinding
PnntinQ tr&ot Mfvico

37.3
34.3
. 36.8
39.1
39.6
3&.5
35.7
38.2
37.9
38.4
40.8
38.7
37.1

37.4
34.4
36.9
38.4
38.8
38.1
36.1
38.4
38.0
38.6
41.5
38.9
37.4

36.8
33.4
35.3
37.7
37.4
38.1
36.0
37.8
37.3
38.1
40.5
39.1
37, *

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations

41.8
41.7
41.5
42.1
42.8
41.7
40.2
39.8

41.8
41.6
41.4
42.2
43.0
41-7
40.5
39.9

41.6
41.2
41.2
41.8
42.2
41.6
41*0
40.3

,
•••<

1979

2.7
1*7
1.8
1.1
4.2
3.2
2.7
4.1
4.2
3.4
3.7
3-4
3.5

June
1979

Bay
1980 P

Apr.
1980

3.5
2.2
2.0
1.3
4.7
4.1
3.8
5.0
4.8
3.7
4*0
3.2
3.3

1.9
1.3
2.3
1.7
4.5
3.6
3.7
3.6
3.3
3.8
4.0
3.4
2.8

Janev
1980

1.6
1.3
2.4
1.6
4.2
3.3
3.4
3.1
2.3
3.5
3.7
3.1
2.4

.9
.6

.9
.9

1.0
1.0
•8
1.3
.8

1.1
1.0
•9
1.4
.7
•8
.6
.8
.8
.9
.9
.8
1.0
.9
•9
1.1

1.0
.6
•8
.9
.6
1.1
.8
.9
.7
.8
.9
.7
•7
.8
1.1
1.3
1.2
1.9
1.0
2*0
3.6

.9
1.3
1.5
1.2
2*0
2*1
2.1
2.5

.6
1.5
'1.1

1.4

41.9

4.5
6.4
6.5
7.2
3.2
4.8
2.7
3.1
3.2
2.9
3.6
3.1

4.8
6.6
6.7
7.1
3-5
5.4
2.8
3.3
3.7
3.4
4.2
3.3

4.1
6.8
7.0
7.0
2.8
3.2
2.6
2.5
2.1
3.2
1.2
3.1

3.7
5.9
6.1
6.1
2.6
3.0
2.2
2.3
2.0
3.4
1.1
2.6

36.9
33.5
35.8
38.5
37.9
39.1
36.9
37.9
37.3
38.1
40.3
38.9
37.5

36. P

2.6
2.1
1.8
3.7
2.7
4.8
2.0
2.9
2.5
3.1
2.8

2*6
2.0
1.5
3.1
1*8
4.4
2.0
3.0
2.5
3.2
3.3
1.9
2.9

2.3
1.8
2.1
2.5
1.6
3.4
1.4
2.7
2.2
2.9
3.1
2.0
3.0

2.3
1.7
2.0
2.2
1.5
3.0
2.0
2.6
2.0
2.9
2.6
1.9
2.9

41.5
41.1
41*1
41.3
41.8
40.9
40.9
40.3

41.2

3.4
3.8
3.3
3.4
4.4
2*6
2,4
2.4

3.3
3.2
3.1
3.0
4.0
2.2
3.1
3.1

3.0
3.0
2.9
2.6
3.6
1.7
2*8
2.8

ue
2.7
3.4
3.6
3*1
3.4
4.3
2.7
2.3
2.1

.5
1.1
1.2
1.0
1.5
.9
.9
.7
1.1
1.0
1.1
1.1

.9
.6
.7
1.1
.8
.7
1.0
1.0
.7
1.1
1.3

.6
.9

See footnotes at end of table.




133

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued

Average hourly earnings
1972
SIC
Code

284
2841
2844
2842,3
285
286
2865
2861,9
287

Bay
1979

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Cont'd
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
ftolishing,sanitation,and finishing preparations .
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals,
nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

June
1979

1980

S288.05 $291.41 $296
396.95 407.72 400
220.99 222.91 231
261.20 259.05 275
2e5.86 287.28 290
392.47 391.94 416
352.30 360.26 374

Hay
1980P

June
1980 *

May
1979

Jane
1979

Apr.
1980

May
1980P

June
1980P

$303.00
411.16
240.40
274.17
290.87
413.08
355.52

$7.13
9.21
5.74
6.53
6.79
8.94
8.27

$7.16
9.33
5.76
6.46
6.84
9*01
8.32

$7.40
9.64
5.87
7.00
7.28
9.50
8.78

$7.50
9*72
6.01
7.03
7.29
9.54
8.65

9.17
6.99
6.90

9.26
7.11
6; 96

9,75
7.73
7.62

9.84
7.68
7.60

9.38
10.14
7.18

9.3S

9.83
10.83
7.39

10.12
10.89
7.57

$10.12

10.07
7.13

5.90
8.37
4.07

5.91
8.40
4.08

6.30
9.36
4.38

6.34
9.54
4.41

6.42

6.02
5.59
5.45

6.09
5.65
5.50

6.74
6.11
5.83

6.69
6.13
5.86

406.23
300. 57
2 €8. 42

4*03.74
306.44
288.84

430.95
337*03
312.42

433.94
337.15
311.60

29
291
295

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

409.91
440.08
325*97

404.05
434.02
322.99

404.01
446.20
3 02.25

430*10 $431.11
467.18
312.64

30
301
302
303,4

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS . . . .
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

238.95
346.52
153.44

240.54
347.76
154.22

250.11
365.04
176.95

247.26
355.84
182.13

246. 82
225.28
220.18

260.04
228.26
223.85

272.30
239.51
232.62

262*25
236.01
230.88

LEATHER AND LEATHER* PRODUCTS

152. 15
208. 41
147.02
158.67
136*54
156.56
146.29

155.08
216.28
149.48
159.09
141.60
155.81
150.35

165.88
244.02
159,94
172*88
149.58
176.66
153.15

167.24
240.80
162.50
170.57
156.09
177.63
156.95

171.16

4.18
5.47
4.05
4.22
3.89
4.41
4.03

4.18
5.56
4.04
4.22
3.89
4.34
4.02

4.52
6.04
4.37
4.61
4.19
4.88
4.29

4.52
6.02
4.38
4.61
4*23
4.84
4.30

4.54

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

315.22

321.60

344.05

342.30

348. 65

7.94

8.02

8.71

8.71

8.76

RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION:
Class I railroads 2

368. 51

380.61

420.20

(*)

8.59

8.67

9.55

(*)

203.93
286*49
323.47

208.38
290.78
333.89

212.78
276.00
347.33

213.90
272.05
340.91

5.81
6.92
8.58

5.92
6.99
8.65

6.24
6.90
9.49

6.20
6.94
9.34

350.24
357.59
241.42

354. 63
362*39
246.27

8.22
8.36
5.91

8.34
8*49
5.92

9.05
9.24
6.37

9.14
9.34
6.43

306
307
31
311
314

3143
3144
316
317

4011
41

Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

254.23

411
413

LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER
TRANSIT
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

42
421.3
422

TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

327. 16
3 33.56
223.40

333.60
340.45
227.92

46

PIPE LINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS

393. 46

384.81

458.60

442.49

9.55

9.34

10.74

10.74

48
481
4817 .
4818
483

COMMUNICATION
Telephone communication
Switchboard operating employees3
Line construction employees4
Radio and television broadcasting

297. 44
305.29
213. 14
412.88
259.16

300.09
308.74
213.36
415.30
264.19

328.72
338.00
218.67
429.71
278.21

325.05
335.07
224.76
423.30
274.74

7.53
7.69
6.42
9.32
6.82

7.54
7 4 68
6.35
9.27
6.88

8.28
8.45
6.92
10.04
7.36

8.25
8.44
6.98
9.96
7.23

491
492
493
495

ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES . .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

336.58
342.77
307.C9
372. 02
278. 88

342*32
355.21
305.78
373.15
281.48

360*64
376.94
330.08
383.35
284.41

363.54
380.80
330.46
386.63
286.06

8.13
8.22
7.62
8.90
6.64

8.17
8.28
7.55
8.97
6.75

8.69
8.89
8.15
9.35
6.92

8.76
8.96
8.20
9.43
6.96

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

162.32

165.49

171.72

172.90

175.17

5.01

5.03

5.40

5.42

5.44

WHOLESALE TRADE

245.C7

247.65

263.81

265.27

268.27

6.30

6.35

6.87

6.89

6.95

247.20
229.88
221. 78
250.17
241.23

250.04
232.25
223.56
253.04
241.16

264.32
242.19
231.26
262.13
258.00

265.78
243.59
228.04
268.10
257.37

6.29
5.94
5.93
6.27
6*45

6.33
5.94
5.93
6.39
6.38

6.83
6.34
6.20
6.88
6.88

6.85
6.36
6.13
7. 00
6.90

50,51
50
501
502
503
504

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE GOODS
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods ,

See footnotes at end of table.

134



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricuttural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average overtime hours

Average weekly noun

1972
SIC
Code

284
2841
2844
2842,3
285
286

2865
2861,9

Industry

Hay
1979

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Cont'd
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals,

ipr.
1960

Hay
1980p

June
1980 p

Bay
1979

June
1979

Apr.
1980

flay
1980 t

Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

40.4
43.1
38.5
40.0
42.1
43.9
42.6

40.7
43,7
38.7
4D.1
t 2,0
»
43.5
43.3

40.1
41.5
39.5
39.3
39.9
43.8
42-6

40.4
42.3
40.0
39.0
39.9
43.3
41.1

3.0
4.6
2.0
2.7
3.5
4.3
4.1

2.9
5.0
1.5
2.4
3.6
4.4
4.8

2.5
3.7
2.0
1.9
2.2
4.1
4.0

43.6
43.1
41.5

44.2
43.6
41.0

44.1
43.9
41.0

4.3
5.0
3.3

4.3
4*5
3-2

4.1
5.2
3.1

3.8
4.9

3.6
3.5
4.2

Jane
1980 p

2.4
3.9
2.0
1.4
1.9
3.5
2.6

44.3
43.0
41.8

nee
287

June
1979

3.9
3.9
4.2

29
291
295

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

43.7
43.4
45.4

43.4
43.1
45.3

41.1
41.2
40.9

42.5
42.9
41.3

42.6

4*5
3-8
7*5

4.2

30
301
302
303,4

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS . . . .
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

40.5
41.4
37.7

40.7
41.4
37.8

39.7
39.0
40.4

39.0
37.3
41.3

39-6

3.4
4.3
2.0

3.4
3.7
1.9

2.4
1.4
2.8

2.1
.8
2.9

41.0
40.3
40.4

42.7
1*0.4
40.7

40.4
39.2
39.9

39.2
38.5
39.4

4.3
3.0
3.3

5.3
3.0
3.4

1.8
2.0
2.7

1.1
1.6
2.4

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS

36.4
38.1
36.3
37.6
35.1
35.5
36.3

37.1
38.9
37.0
37,7
36.4
35.9
37.4

36.7
40.4
36.6
37.5
35.7
36.2
35.7

37.0
40.0
37.1
37.0
36.9
36.7
36.5

37.7

1.4
2.3
1.3
1.2
1.5
2.0
1.5

1.7
2.3
1.6
1.5
2.0
1.7
1.8

1.6
3.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
2.9
1.4

1,6
3.0
1.4
1.3
1.6
2.4
1.5

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

39.7

40.1

3T9.5

39.3

39-8

RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION:
Class I railroads 2

42.9

43.9

44.0

<*)

411
413

LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER
TRANSIT
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

35.1
41.4
37.7

35.2
41.6
38.6

34.1
40.0
36.6

34.5
39.2
36.5

42
421,3
422

TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

39.8
39.9
37.8

40.0
40.1
38.5

38.7
38.7
37.9

38.8
38.8
38.3

46

PIPE LINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS

41.2

42.7

41.2

48
481
4817
4818
483

COMMUNICATION
Telephone communication
Switchboard operating employees
Line construction employees *
Radio and television broadcasting

39.5
39.7
33.2
44.3
38.0

39.8
40.2
33.6
44.8
38.4

39.7
40.0
31.6
42.8
37.8

39.4
39.7
32.2
42.5
38.0

491
492
493
495

ELECTRIC. GAS. AND SANITARY SERVICES . .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

41.4
41.7
40.3
41.«
42.0

41.9
42.9
40.5
41.6
41.7

4t.5
42.4
40.5
41.0
4t. 1

41.5
42.5
40.3
41.0
41.1

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

32.4

32.9

31.8

31.9

32.2

WHOLESALE TRADE

38.9

39.0

38.4

38.5

38-6

39.3
38.7
37.4
39.9
37.4

39.5
39.1
37.7
39.6
37.8

38.7
38.2
37.3
38.1
37.5

38.8
38.3
37.2
38.3
37.3

306
307
31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

50,51

50
501
502
503
504

Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

3

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE GOODS
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods

t:

See footnotes at end of table.




135

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsuparvisory workers1 on private nonagricuttural payrolls
by industry—Continued

Average houriy Mrningi

Average weekly earnings
1972
SIC
Code

Hay
1979

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE
GOODS—Continued
Metals and minerals, except petroleum

505
506
507
508
509

cltfCtTICftl QOOQS • • • • • • • • •

•••••••••

Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment..
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, end notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

51
511
512
513
514
516
617
518

June
1979

1980

Hay
1980?

Jane
1980

p

$291.65 $292.07 $317.20 $323.21
2*3.71 248.57 274.00 274.63
231,77 233.14 247.56 249.22
260.eo 263.06 277.14 277.54
211. 18 214.63 222.34 222.53

Hay
1979

June
1979

1980

Hay
1980 p

$7.26
6.33
6.02
6.52
5.36

$7.32
6.39
6.04
6.56
5.42

$7.99
7.08
6.43
7.07
5.76

June
1980P

$8.06
7.06
6.49
7.08
5.78

241.04
275. 23
240.IS
212.43
242.69
266.16
300.53
271.22
199.43

243.59
270.41
249.48
217.71
244.34
296.56
304.04
279.00
199.40

262.27
291.20
267-12
228.23
261.06
320.66
349.46
286.41
216.40

265.18
289.67
269.74
229.4 6
263.89
322.69
345.20
294.62
219.25

6.31
7.52
6.42
5.82
6.32
7.19
7.57
7.35
5.18

6.36
7.47
6.^0
5.90
6.33
7.47
7.62
7.46
5.22

6.92
8.00
7.20
6.27
6.87
8.1«
8.65
7.72
5.65

6.96
7.98
7.33
6.27
6.89
8.19
8.63
7.92
5.68

519

RETAIL TRADE

136.50

139.50

142.56

144.12 $145.87

4.49

4.50

4.80

4.82

521
525

BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN
SUPPLIES
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

182.77
2C3.30
143.31

188.21
207.83
145.59

190.17
209.44
153.64

191.57
212.85
153.10

4.90
5.16
4.24

4.94
5.17
4.22

5.21
5.44
4.60

5.22
5.50
4.57

53
531
533
539

GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

127.31
132.73
105.77
100.61

130.80
136.65
107.40
103.55

135.46
140.71
113.19
109.53

138.23
144.05
112.71
111.34

4.36
4.53
3.61
3.53

4.36
4.54
3.58
3.51

4.72
4.92
3.85
3.79

4.75
4.95
3.86
3.80

54
541
546

FOOD STORES
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

176.78
184.44
124.70

182.41
190.57
129.35

185,12
192.20
134.90

188.78
196.56
135.37

5.63
5.80
4.30

5.63
5.81
4.37

6.03
6.22
4.62

6.07
6.26
4.62

...

551,2

553
554

AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS AND SERVICE
STATIONS
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

158.75
240.33
191.75
136.41

201.85
241.96
194.40
140.70

208.50
246.62
208.79
153.08

210.37
248.14
213.27
154.96

5.30
6.21
4.77
3.98

5.34
6.22
4.80
4.02

5.62
6.49
5.13
4.45

5.64
6. 53
5.24
4.44

56
561
562
565
566

APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES
Men's and boys'clothing and furnishings . . . .
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

114. 73
144. 19
101.84
111.45
120. 12

117.41
146.45
103.13
114.26
124.20

119.28
154.40
106.13
113.98
122.80

119.71
152.79
106.53
112.61
125.94

3.97
4.52
3*69
3.83
4.20

3.98
4.52
3.67
3.86
4.21

4.26
4.84
3.99
4.16
4.37

4.26
4.82
4.02
4.C8
4.45

571
572
573

FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHINGS
STORES
Furniture and home furnishings
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

178.69
182.35
196.38
156.64

183.02
187.09
200.38
161.32

185.80
190. 16
194.86
169.32

185.27
190.01
196.42
167.50

5.12
5.24
5.44
4.58

5.17
5.30
5.52
4.57

5.37
5.48
5.52
4.98

5.37
5.46
5.58
5.00

89.87

91.58

94.^9

95.20

3.43

3.43

3.67

3.69

140.24
123.C1
124.31
173.38
220.42

142.65
126.23
129.89
176.69
222.91
149.52

148.15
129.36
134.98
185.08
237.99
154.63

148.32
130.09
134,09
187.37
233.12
157.98

4.41
4.02
4.13
5.27
5.74
4.41

4.43
4.02
4.19
5.29
5.76
4.49

4.81
4,43
4.56
5.73
6.23
4.70

4.80
4.44
4.53
5.73
6.20
4.73

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL
ESTATE 6

187.20

188.08

205.62

205.41

5.20

5.21

5.68

5.69

60
602

BANKING
Commercial and stock savings banks

161.28
158.40

162.54
159.64

175.93
172.56

175.81
172. 44

4.48
4.40

.49
.41

4*66
4*78

4.87
4.79

61
612
614

CREDIT AGENCIES OTHER THAN BANKS ••
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

168.17
160.83
162.43

169.36
162.81
164.42

1€4.37
176.54
176.05

183.46
174.47
176.89

4.62
4.48
4^45

.64
.51
,48

5.01
4.85
4.81

5.04
4.86
4.90

63
631
632

INSURANCE CARRIERS
Ufe insurance
•.
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

208. 88
210. 94
205.47
208.09

208.50
207.92
205.50
208.29

232.13
240.64
226.35
225.46

236.50
248.06
226.48
228.02

5,60
5.61
5.45
5.67

5.62
5.65
5.48
5.66

6.19
6.40
5.91
6.11

6.29
6.46
5.96
6.23

52-59
52

EATING AND DRINKING PLACES*

59
591

594
596
598

599

MISCELLANEOUS RETAIL
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

See footnotes at end of table.

136




210.76

$4.83

5.79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average weekly hours
1972
SIC

Average overtime hour*

Industry

Hay
1979

June
1979

Apr.
1980

May
1980 p

509

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE
GOODS—Continued
Metals and minerals, except petroleur
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

40.2
38,5
38.5
40.0
39.4

39.9
38,9
38.6
40.1
39.6

39.7
38.7
38.5
39.2
38.6

WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages .
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

38.2
36.6
37.5
36.5
38.4
39.8
39.7
36.9
38.5

38.3
36.2
37.8
36.9
38.6
39.7
39.9
37.4
38.2

37.9
36.4
37.1
36^4
38.0
39.2
40.4
37.1
38.3

31.0

29.7

29.9

521
525

BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN
SUPPLIES
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

37.3
39.4
33.8

3,8.1
40.2
34.5

36.5
38.5
33.4

GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

29.2
29.3
29.3
28.5

30.0
30,1
30.0
29.5

28.7
28.6
29.4
28.9

FOOD STORES
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

31.4
31.8
29.0

32.4
32.8
29.6

30.7
30.9
29,2

551, 2
553
554

AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS AND SERVICE
STATIONS
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

37.5
38.7
40.2
34.4

37.8
38.9
40.5
35,0

37.1
38.0
40.7
34.4

37.3
38.0
40.7
34.9

56
561
562
565
566

APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

28,9
31.9
27.6
29.1
28.6

29.5
32.4
28.1
29.6
29.5

28.0
31.9
26.6
27.4
28.1

28.1
31.7
26.5
27.6
28*3

571
572
573

FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHINGS
STORES
Furniture and home furnishings
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores . . . .

34,9
34.8
36.1
34.2

35.4
35,3
36,3
35.3

34.6
34.7
35,3
34.0

34.5
34.8
35.2
33.5

EATING AND DRINKING PLACES * " . . . . ,

26.2

26.7

25.8

25.8

MISCELLANEOUS RETAIL
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers . . .
Retail stores, nee

31.8
30.6
30.1
32.9
38.4
34.4

32.2
31,4
31.0
33.4
38.7
33.3

30.8
29,2
29.6
32.3
38.2
32,9

30.9
29.3
29.6
32.7
37,6
33.4

36.0

36.1

36,2

36.1

36.0
36.0

36.2
36.2

36.2
36.1

June
1980

31.1
31.4
29.3

55

May
1980 p

29.1
29.1
29.2
29.3

54
541
546

Apr,
1980

36.7
38.7
33.5

53
531
533
539

June
1979

38*1
36.3
36.8
36.6
38.3
39,4
40.0
37.2
38.6

30.4

Bay
1979

40.1
38.9
38.4
39.2
38.5

51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

June
1980 P

36.1
36.0

505
506
507

RETAIL TRADE
52

59
591
594
596
598

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL
ESTATE *
BANKING
Commercial and stock savings banks

,

61
612
614

CREDIT AGENCIES OTHER THAN BANKS
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions.

36.4
35.9
36.5

36.5
36.1
36.7

36.8
36.4
36.6

INSURANCE CARRIERS
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

37.3
37.6
37.7
36.7

37.1
36.8
37.5
36.8

37.5
37.6
38-3
36.9

36.4

36.4
•35.9
36.1

63
631
632
633

30.2

37.6
38.4
38.0
36.6

See footnotes at end of table.




137

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued

Average hourly earnings
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Hay
1979

SERVICES

June
1979

Apr.
1980

Hay
198 OP

$171.28 $173.71 $186.30 $187.02 $190.60
136.00

3.97

4.00

4.31

149*40
123.07

150.18
129.13

4.07
4.14

4.09
4.11

4.42
4.13

4.43
4.29

177.89
267.90
128.51
232*21

194.50
287,74
136.90
255.57

195.87
284.89
141.27
252.05

5.39
7.39
4.67
6.23

5.44
7.36
4.69
6.31

5.93
8.06
4.96
7.06

5.99
7.98
5.10
7.08

207. 94
230.49

211.50
232.06

224.46
250.13

226-55
252.33

5.56
5.85

5s. 61
5w92

€.05
6.43

6.09
6.47

252.CO

253.49

263.25

273.32

6.30

6.29

6.75

6.85

171*57
347.92

181.66
366.66

213.29
436.19

193.84
412.41

6.65
9.18

6*63
9.45

7.7C
10.77

7.26
10.01

150.23

152.63

162.44

159.61

5.11

4.83

5.66

5.66

166. 12
174.37
147.97
116. 66
181.51

168.48
175.03
148.61
118.42
185.61

180.93
164.18
157.79
126.79
200.10

182.23
186.50
160a66
127*10
201.45

5.08
5.30
5.12
3.80
5.37

5.09
5.32
5.16
3.82
5.38

5.55
5.72
5.46
4.13
5.92

5.59
5.81
5.54
4.14
5.96

221.75

231.19

246.70

244.46

6.58

6.76

7.13

'7.19

288.41
314.70
247.57

287.27
310.37
251.28

316.23
345.59
270.84

318.19
348.69
264.61

7.55
8.09
6.56

7.54
8.02
6.63

8.30
8.93
7.09

8.44
9.01
7.21

721
723

1H0.82
127.93

141.11
127.41

73
731
734
737

BUSINESS SERVICES
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

175. 18
268.26
127.96
226. 15

75
753

AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES . . .

80
801
802
805
806

AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES . .
HEALTH SERVICES
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
LEGAL SERVICES
MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

1

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.
Beginning January 1978, data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of $50,000,000
or more.
3
Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as switchboard operators;
service assistants; operating room instructors; and pay-station attendants. In 1977. such employees made
up 20 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in establishments reporting hours and
earnings data.
4
Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as central office craft
persons; installation and exchange repair craft persons; line, cable and conduit craft persons; and
laborers. In 1977, such employees made up 37 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in establishments reporting hours and earnings data.
3

138



Jane
1980 p

4.43

131,02

Motion picture production and services

yP
1980^

$5.79

125.20

MOTION PICTURES

Apr.
1980

$5.75

121. H8

MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES

June
1979

$5.28

PERSONAL SERVICES:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops

78
781

Kay
1979

$5.27

HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

Automotive repair shops

June
1980p

$5.83

5

Money payments only;'tips, not included.
Data for nonoffice sales agents excluded from all series in this division.
* Not available.
p = preliminary.
6

NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, establishment data in this table may differ from data published earlier.
See article in this issue for additional information.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Industry

1972
SIC

Hay
1979

Hay
198CP

721
723

PERSONAL SERVICES:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops

73 •
731
734
737

BUSINESS SERVICES
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

75
753

AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES

...

Automotive repair shops

32.9

32.4

32.3

30.6

701

HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

31.3

30.4

34.6
30.9
32.5
36*3
27.4
36.3

34.5
31.0

33.8
29.8
32.-8
35.7
27*6
36.2

37.7
39.2

37.1
38.9

June
1979

Apr.
1980

Hay
1980 P

June
1980

32.7
35.7
27.7
35.6

37.4
39.4

Hay
1979

33-9
30.1

32.7
36. 4
27.4
36.8

June
198CP

30.7

37.2
39L.0

40.0

40.3

39.0

27.4
38.8

27.7
40.5

26.7
41.2

....

29.4

31.6

28.7

28.2

AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES

32.7
32.9
28.9
30.7
33,-8

33.1
32.9
28.8
31.0
34.5

32.6
32.2
28.9
30.7
33.8

32.6
32.1
29.0
3Q.7
33.8

33.7

34.2

34.6

34.0

38.2
38.9
37.8

38.1
38.7
37.9

38.1
38.7
38.2

32,7

39,9

25.8
37.9

37.7
38.7
36.7

MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES
MOTION PICTURES
Motion picture production and services
80
801
802
805
806

Apr.
1980

32.5

SERVICES

78
781

June
1979

HEALTH SERVICES
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
LEGAL SERVICES
MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping




....

139

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-3. Employment hours, and indexes of earnings In the Executive Branch of the Federal Government
(Employment in thousands-indudes both supervisory and nonsupervisory emptoyMsl

1979

Item

Feb.

Jan.

Av*.

Apr.

Mar.

July

June

May

Sept.

Aug.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Executive Branch

Total employment
Average weekly hours
Average overtime hours . . .
Indexes (1967-100):
Average weekly earnings . .
Average hourly earnings . . .

2677. 5 2,686.3 2,688.3 2,697.4 2, 720. 3 2, 770.2 2,783.0
39.4
39.4
39.8
39.5
39.5
39.7
39.7
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.0
1. 1
1. 1

2,719.8
39.5
1.2

2,789-6 2, 697.8 2,702.7 2,707.0
39. 3
39.4
39.7
39.5
1.4
1.2
1.3
1. 4

2,717.2
39. 5
1.4

i

243.2
241.4

245.5
244.9

242.4
240. 5

240.6
240.0

239.8
239.2

238.9
238.9

238.6
238.6

241.3
238.9

242.5
241.9

244.6
244.6

254. 5
255. 1

259.5
257.6

261.5
260.8

887.2
40.0

888.0
40.0
1. 1

889.0
40.0

1.2

887.8
38.9
9

Department of Defense

Total employment
Average weekly hours
Average overtime hours . . .
Indexes (1967-100):
Average weekly earnings . .
Average hourly earnings . . .

895.4
39-9

896.0
39.9

.9

.8

234.7
237. 1

238. 5
240.9

895.0
39.9
.9

892.0
39.9

890.0
39.9

896.6
39.9

906.6
39.9

908.5
40.1

.9

.8

.8

.8

.8

908.5
40.0
.9

234.7
237. 1

235.2
237.6

234.4
236.8

235.2
237.6

233.6
236.0

233.4
234.6

234.5
236.2

238.0
239.8

240.4
249.0

252.3
254.2

254.0
255.9

665.4
40.6

665.4

39.9

659.0
40.0

1.5

1.9

673.0
41. 1
2. 1

673. 5
40.7

1.8

653. 7
41. 6
2. 3

281.2
267.4

283. 0
273.8

286.2
276.2

300.6
279.0

296. 1
278.0

305.7
289.9

1, 152.4 1, 164.2 1, 200. 4 1, 209. 1 1,215.7 1. 151.6 1, 161.2
38.8
38.8
39.2
38.8
38.7
38.7
38.9
1.0
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.0
1. 2

1, 146.0
38.5
1. 0

1, 154.7
38.3
.9

244.4
246.3

243.6
246.8

1.0

Postal Service

Total employment
Average weekly hours
Average overtime hours . . .

660. 9
40. 5
1.9

653.0
41.2

Average weekly earnings . .
Average hourly earnings . . .

283. 1
269.8

280.8
263. 1

Total employment
Average weekly hours
Average overtime hours . . .
Indexes (1967=100):
Average weekly earnings . .
Average hourly earnings . . .

655.2
41.0

655.4
40.2

663.2
1.3

1.8

1.6

1.7

271.8
261.0

39.6

1.3

271.5
260.7

268.1
260.1

1, 163.4 1, 128. 5 1, 136. 1 1, 140. 9
38.8
38.7
38.7
38.8
1.0
1.0
1. 1
.9
229.9
230.4

659. 5
39.8

276.9
260.7

2.6

230.8
231.4

655.0
40.2

229.7
229.7

227.7
227.7

226.7
226.7

NOTE: The hours and earnings averages presented in this table have been computed using data
collected by the Office of Personnel Management from agencies with 2500 or more employees in the
Executive Branch of the Federal Government; the data cover both salaried workers and hourly paid
wage-board employees. Since these averages relate to hours and earnings of all workers both super-

274.0
267.1
OiimAga**.,

226.0
226.0

223.3
223.3

226.6
224.3

227. 1
226.5

228.4
229.0

243.2
243.8

2.7

visory and nonsupervisory, they are not comparable to similar data presented in table C-2 which relate
only to production or nonsupervisory workers. The total employment levels shown include all
workers in the Executive Branch regardless of the size of the agency.

C-4. Average hourly earnings excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by industry
Average hourly earnings excluding overtime'
Major industry group

June 1
1980

Hay
1979

MANUFACTURING

June
1979

1980

$6.37

$6.40

$6.85

$6.91

$6.96

7.37
6.21
5.32
7.14
9.33
7.09
7.61
6.62
8.77
6.54
5.29

7.44

6.22
6.52
7.54
4.73
4.39
7.31
7.23
7.88
9.68
6.17
4.43

6.26

DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated meta! products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries

6.78
5.71
4.86
6.42
8.44
6.51
6.92
6.02
8.09
5.94
4.88

6.82
5.88
4.92
6.48
8.49
6.55
7.00
6.05
. 8.11
5.95
4.86

7.31
6.09
5.27
7.03
9.19
7.03
7.51
6.61
8.73
6*46
5.25

NONDURABLE GOODS
Food arid kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
..
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products . . .
Leather and leather products

5.70
5.94
6.73
4.34
4.13
6.62
6.64
7.19
8.92
5.66
4.10

5.72
5.93
6.71
4.35
4.14
6.69
6.68
7.24
8.89
5.68
4.09

6.15
6.47
7.61
4.71
4.40
7.27
7.11
7.81
9.41
6.12
4.43

'

Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rat* of time and one-half,

p « preliminary.

140




NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, establishment data in this table may differ from data published earlier.
See article In this issue for additional information.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-6. Gross and spendable average weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1
on private nonagrteurtural payrolls by industry division, in current and 1967 dollars
Spendable average weekly earnings2
Grots average weekly earnings
Worker with no dependents

Industry

May
1979
TOTAL PRIVATE:
Current dollars
1967 dollars

Apr.
1980

flayp
1980

Bay
1979

Apr,
1980

Mayp
1980

Married worker with 3 dependents

Bay
1979

ipr.
1980

BayP
1980

$215.84 $228.55 $229.60 $175.03 $184.25 5184.98 $191.65 S201.43 $202.23
100.72
94.21
93.68
81.68
75.95
75.47
89.43
83.03
82.51

MINING:
Current dollars
1967 dollars

361.2*
168.57

389.48
160.54

386.38 2 72.93 290.16
157.64 127.36 119.60

288.31
117.63

300.45
140.20

320.88
132.27

318.71
130.03

CONSTRUCTION:
Current dollars
1967 dollars

341.30 355.62
159.26 146.59

360.14
146.94

260.20
121.42

269.34
111.02

272.23
111.07

285.92
133.42

296.35
122.16

299.64
122.25

MANUFACTURING:
Current dollars
1967 dollars

265.86
124.06

279.35
115.15

230.21
114.32

210.32
98.14

219.49
90.47

220.08
89.79

229.74
107.20

239.97
98*92

240.63
98*18

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES:
Current dollars
1967dolfars

315.22
147.09

344.05
141.82

342.30
139.66

243.54
113.64

261.95
107.98

260.84
106.42

266.91
124.55

287.92
118.68

286.64
116.95

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE:
Current dollars
1967 dollars

162.32
75.7H

171.72
70.78

172.90
70.54

135.62
63.29

142.66
58.80

143*54
58.56

f52.37
71.10

159.65
65.81

160.44
65.46

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE:
Current dollars
1967 dollars

187.20
87.35

205.62
84.76

205.41
83.81

154.16
71.94

167.59
69.08

167.43
68.31

169.99
79.32

183.70
75.72

183.53
74.88

SERVICES:
Current dollars
1967 dollars

17'1.28
79.93

186.30
76. 79

187,02
76.30

142,33
66.42

153.51
63.28

154.03
62.84

159.35
74.36

169.40
69.83

169.87
69.31

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX FOR URBAN WAGE
EARNERS AND CLERICAL WORKERS (CPI-W,
AM items. 1967-10W

214.3

242.6

245. 1

1

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table 8*2.
Spendable earnings are calculated by taking the average weekly pay for all production
or nonsupervisory jobs, both full-time and part-time, and then deducting social security and
Federal income taxes applicable to a single worker or to a married worker with three dependents who earned this amount (see Explanatory Notes for the establishment data in the back of
this publication). A technical note on the calculation and uses of the spendable earnings series
is available on request.
2




preliminary (applicable to earnings data only).
NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, establishment data in this table may differ from data published earlier.
See article in this issue for additional information.

141

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricuttural payrolls
by industry division and major manufacturing group
[1967=100]

Industry division and group

Hay
1979

June
1979

Apr.

y

1980

198(T

p

1980

Hours

125.1

128.2

123.2

123.3

124.7

109.8

112.9

103.1

102.2

103.1

MINING

152.2

157.7

160.6

162.9

167.1

CONSTRUCTION

130,3

139.6

119.6

126.1

133.5

TOTAL PRIVATE
GOODS-PRODUCING

MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products . . . '.
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE
"...

10ft. 6

106.6

98.2

95.9

95.5

109.0
115.5
106.7
114.2
99.0
106.3
117.2
108.1
105.7
127.7

110.7
120.6
108.5
117*5
100.9
108.6
119.1
110.7
103.5
129.5
10C.8

100. ft
93.1
10ft.3
102.2
90.1
100.1
115.3
106.8
8ft. 0
127.3

96.8
90.9
97.3

95.6
94.0
94.3

10*1.0
83.0
95.6
113.4
103.0
80.3
126.3
92.1

101.1
79-6
93.8
111*5
101.0
80.4
128.5
90.6

9*4.6
90.4
63.9
86.7
87.9
96.5
103.4
106.5

95.4
93.0
66.2
85.5
90.1
97.3
102.8
105.6
118.0
127.1
67.5'

97.ft
98.3
92.8
69.5
89 .ft
89.8
100.6
102.5
107.5
122.ft
152.0
68.1
135.8

112.7

9ft.ft

100.6
96.9
69. ft

95.0
87.9
6ft.3

91.5

88.3
88.3

9K7
103.6
103.0
109.2
124.5
153.5
70.8

99.0
103.9
107.6
90.5
137.9
65.0

1<38.9

137.1

116.5

112.7

114.4
128.1

65.6
137.9

112.6

139.7

115. 0
<

132.1

128.3

129,6

130.7

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

132.9
128.8

135.2
131.7

133.1
126.5

133.2
128.1

134.1
129.4

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

14ft. 1

146.9

148.7

149.8

153.4

SERVICES....

152.1

155. ft

157.0

157.6

159.6

'

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.

p = preliminary.

142



130.0

NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, establishment data in this table may differ from data published earlier.
See article in this Issue for additional information.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-6.

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricuttural payrolls

by industry division and major manufacturing group—Continued
[1967=100)
Bay
1979
Industry division and group

TOTAL PRIVATE.
GOODS-PRODUCING.

June
1979

Apr.
1980

Hay
1980P

1980p

283.9

292.5

300.2

301.8

307.7

259.4

268.4

259.8

259.9

264.7

MINING .

403.9

420-5

458.7

463.1

475.5

CONSTRUCTION

290.1

310.2

281.8

299.1

317.7

245.8

251.6

246.4

241.9

242.8

DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries

257.4
290.9
228.6
.274.6
262.0
242.4
266.2
242.5
263.5
274.0
207.3

263. 0
213.3
?36.0
285.7
269.0
249.2
274.0
249.9
257,1
278.4
214.2

253.1
247.0
241.8
265.9
257.0
244.2
282.6
261.5
221.0
296.3
215.8

245.2
245.7
226.5
266.6
238.6
234.7
280.8
251.8
211.7
297.7
211.4

244.5
260.4
221.5
269.6
229.6
232.3
277.7
249.7
216.2
302.8
209.6

NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

226.1
218.7
206.8
196.8
185.5
244.2
214.8
259.3
321.1
326.5
137.7

232.3
228.3
208.3
202.2
190.1
254.8
217.2
265.4
324.0
330.5
143.2

235.0
224. 9
220.9
210.8
193.9
262.9
232.5
281.5
248.7
316.6
142.2

236*3
233.8
216.4
206*7
192.6
256.6
234.9
279.9
323.7
295.7
143,5

239.8
240.7
234.6
204.8
199.6
262.1
233.9
280.2
333.7
297.4
148.3

305.1

313,4

335-0

337.9

344.8

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES.

276.5

288.8

303.6

303.2

311.2

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE

289.0

296.1

307.8

311*5

315.6

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

291.0
287.9

298.3
294. 8

317.7
302.3

319.1
307.2

324.0
310.9

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

289.7

296.5

327.0

330.1

343.5

SERVICES

350.5

358.2

394.7

398.8

MANUFACTURING .

SERVICE-PRODUCING




143

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED HOURS
C-7. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on privated nonagricuttural payrolls
by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted

198C

1979
Industry
June

35.6

TOTAL PRIVATE

July

35.6

log.

. Sept.

35.7

35.6

Oct.

35.6

WOT.

Dec.

35.6

35.7

Jan.

35.6

Feb.

Bar.

Apr.

35.5

35.4

35.3

Hay P June p

35.1

35.0

43.2

41.7

43.1

43.4

43.7

43.,6

43.9

43.4

43.2

43.4

42.8

42.6

43.3

CONSTRUCTION

37.2

36.9

37.3

37.5

36.8

37.0

37.2

37.3

37.1

36.6

36.7

36.8

37.0

MANUFACTURING

40.1

40.1

40. t

40.1

40.1

40.1

40.2

40.3

40.1

39.8

39.8

39.3

39.1

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.3i

3.2

3.2

3.0

3.0

2.5

2.4

40.6

40.7

40.7

40.7

40.7

40.6

40.7

40.8

40*6

40.3

40.3

39.7

39.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.2

3.3

3.1

3.2

3.0

2.4

2.4

39.U
38.5
41.4
41.2
40.6
41.8
40.2
40.7
40.6
38.8

39.3
38.5
41.4
41.3
40.7
41.8
40.2
41.0
40.8
39.0

39.6
38.6
41.4
41.0
40.6
41.6
39.9
41.5
40.6
38*9

39.6
38.7
41.5
41.1
40.7
41.7
40.3
40.6
40.7
39.0

39.2
38.8
4113
41-1
40.8
41.5
40.3
4U0
40.7
38.9

38.9
38.9
4*1.4
40.8
40.7
41.5
40.4
40.5
41.0
38.9

39.0
38.9
41.5
40.7
40.S
41.5
40.5
40.9
41.0
39.0

39.4
39.2
41.4
40.8
40.9
41.6
40.5
40.9
41.4
39.2

39.1
39.0
41.2
40.8
40.8
41.5
40.3'
40.8
40.9
39.1

38.7
38.5
40.9
40.7
40.7
41.3
40-.-0
40.4
40.4
38.6

37.3
38.5
40.6
40.6
40.8
41.5
39.9
40.5
40.7
38.5

37.5
37.6
40.3
39.2
39.9
41.0
39.5
39.6
40.3
38.3

37.4
37.1
40.4
39.0
39*7
40.7
39.1
39.5
40.6
38.0

39.2

39.2

39.3

39.3

39.3

39.4

39.4

39.5

39.4

39.0

39.1

38.9

38.6

MINING

2

Overtime hours

. .

DURABLE GOODS .
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind
NONDURABLE GOODS

3.0

Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
.
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products

'3.11

..

Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc plastics products
Leather and leather products
TRANSPORTATION AND
PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S 2

3.0

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.2

3. 1

3.1

2.9

3.0

3.0

2.7

2.5

39.8
38.0
40.2
35.2
42.5
37.5
41.7
43.4
40.6
36.4

39.8
38. 1
40.3
35.3
42.5
37.5
41.8
43.6
40.6.
36.6

39.8
38. 1
40.3'
35; 3
42; 6
37.8
41.9
43.6
40.2
36.5

40.0
38.4
40.7
35-2
42.5
37.5
41.8
44.0

39.9
37.8
41.0
35.3
42.7
37.5
42.0
44.4
40.0
36.6

39.9
38.5
41.0
35.6
42.8
37,4
41.8
4*3*4
40.0
37.0

39.8
38.5
41.5
36.0
43.0
37.8
42.0
36.9
40.7
37.2

39.7
37.9
41.1
35.9
42.9
37.4
41.9
40.7
40.0
37.2

39.3
37.7
40.8
35.3
42.6
37.2
41.8
39.7
39.9
36.9

39.6
38.2
40.3
35.8
42.5
37.2
41.5
41.1
40.1
37.3

39.9
37.8
39.7

40.3
36.8

39.9
38.3
40.8
35.4
42.6
37.4
41.7
43.5
40.2
36.5

35.3
41.7
37...1
41.5
42.7
39.3
36.7

39.5
38.2
39.1
35.2
41.6
36.9
41.1
42.6
39.5
37.0

40.1

40.0

40.3

39.9

40.0

40.2'

40.0

39.5

39.4

39.5

39.5

39.3

39.8

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE

32.6

32.6

32.6

32.6

32.6

32.6

32.6

32.6

32.4

32.3

32.0

32.1

31.9

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

38.8
30.6

38.8
30.6

38,8
30-6

38.8
30.6

38.8
30*6

38.9
30.6

38.9
30.6

38.9
30.6

38.8
30.4

38.5
30.3

38.5
30.0

38.6
30.1

38.4
29.8

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE 2

36.1

36.2

36.1

36.1

36.2

36.3

36.4

36.2

36.3

36.3

36.2

36.1

36.4

SERVICES

32.7

32.8

32.7

32.7

32.6

32.7

32.8

32,7

32.7

32.7

32.6

32.5

32.5

1

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.
See footnote 1, table B-5.
p - preliminary.
3

144



NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, establishment data in this table may differ from data published earlier.
See article in this issue for additional Information.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
11967-100}
1980

1979
Industry division and group
Sept.

Jane

TOTAL PRIVATE

July

Aug.

125.6

125.8

125.9

126.0

Cct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Peb.

Bar.

Apr.

Hay P

June?

126.1

126.4

126.8

127.1

126.9

126.0

124.8

123.4

122.2

109.5

109.4

109.3

109.5

109.1

108.7

109.4

110.1

109-1

107.3

105.2

102.1

100.1

MINING

154.5

150.8

157»6

159.4

160.9

160.8

162.5

162.0

162.1

162.9

161.7

162.6

164.0

CONSTRUCTION

128-7

128. 2

129.7

130.5

128.5

129-7

132.8

137.7

134.7

126.9

124.7

124.4

123.1

MANUFACTURING

10*. 6

104.7

1C4.0

104.1

103.8

103.2

103.5

103-4

102-8

101.8

99.8

96. 1

93.8

DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind

108.4
114.1
107.7
111.9
98.3
106-5
118.3
109.2
100.9
127.5
98.9

108.5
113.7
108-3
111.3
98.1
106.2
118.8
109.4
101.2
127.8
99.4

1C7.5
114.4
108.6
111.3
96.6
104.7
117.4
106.3
1C2.1
127.5
99.4

107.8
114.7
108.6
111.4
96.0
105.8
118.5
109.0
99.4
127.5
99.1

107.1
113.9
109.1
110.4
95.4
105.9
115.7
109.4
98.5
127.8
98.6

106.0
111.0
109.4
110.1
94.1
105.6
114.9
109.2
95.5
128.2
98.6

106.4
109.4
109-1
110.4
92.9
105.7
114.4
110.4
98.3
128.8
99.4

106.0
109.8
109.7
110.3
92.7
104.8
118.5
110.8
91.7
130.0
99.3

105-8
108.9
108.9
109.6
92-4
104.9
117-5
10S.8
93.8
129.1
98.2

105.0
106.5
106-9
108.0
91.8
104.6
116.9
109.4
93.0
128.7
96.9

101.6
95.3
106.1
103.5
89.9
102.1
116.1
108.1
85.0
128.4
95.8

96.6
90-7
98.7
99.4
82.2
95.5
114. 1
103.9
78.7
126.3
91,9

93.7
89.1
93.5
96.6
77 f 6
91.9
110.9
99.9
78.7
126.6
88.6

NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing »nd publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

99,0
97.4
76. 1
89.3
88.7
101.0
103.1
107.6
120-7
150.8
67.2

99.2
S6.9
74.9
89.5
89.6
101.7
104.0
107.5
121.2
151.0
64.1

98.8
96.8
73.6
89.2
88.3
101.8
1C4.8
1C7.6
121.2
147.8
66.1

98.7
96-5
75.5
89.9
87.7
101.5
104.3
107.5
123.2
147.0
66.7

99-1
97.3
75.3
90.6
88.5
102.0
104.5
107.6
121.9
146.6
66.5

99.1
97,5
65.0
91.2
87.8
102.0
105.6
108.5
124.4
144.S
66.0

99.2
97.6
70.3
91.5
88.5
102.1
105.2
108.2
122.4
143.4
66.4

99.7
96.9
71.7
92.7
90-3
102.9
106.9
109.0
1C4.9
145.7
66.4

98-4
96*2
70-5
91.6
90.5
102.5
105.9
108.4
75.7
142-2
66.4

97.3
94.6
70.2
91.0
89-2
101.6
105-1
108,0
71.4
141.4
65.6

97-2
94-4
72.4
89.4
89-3
100.4
104.8
107.4
91.6
139.9
66.0

95.4
94.9
71.7
86.2
87.2
96.5
103.6
106.2
114.4
129.0
63.6

93.9
93.5
72.4
83»2
87.2
94-8
102.9
104.0
114.1
125.1
63.8

136.8

137.1

137*5

137.5

137.9

138.7

138.8

138.9

139.2

139.0

138.3

138.2

137.5

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

115.3

114.7

116.1

115.0

115.$

116.6

115.8

114.0

113-7

113.9

113.5

112.4

113.7

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE

130.6

130.8

131. 1

131.4

131.8

132.3

132.2

132.6

132-7

131.8

130.4

130.3

128.5

134.3
130.9

135.1
131.2

135.0
131.0

135.4
131.5

135.6
131-5

134.5
130.7

134.1
128.9

133-6
129. 1

132.2
127. 1

GOODS-PRODUCING

SERVICE-PRODUCING

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

133-4
129.5

133-4
129.7

133.6
130.1

133.8
130.*

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

145-3

146. 1

146.6

146.3

147.0

147.7

148.2

148.2

149.3

149.6

149.4

149.8

151.6

SERVICES

152.8

153.6

153.4

153.8

154.0

155.0

156.0

156.4

157.2

157.6

157.6

157.5

156.7

1

For coverage of series, see footnote 1. table B-2.

p » preliminary.




NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, establishment data in this table may differ from data published earlier.
See article in this issue for additional information.

145

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1
on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1979

1980

Industry
Jane

July

Aug.

Sept.

Hov.

Oct.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Apr.

Bar.

Bay

P

Junep

Hourly Earnings Index a (1967=100)

MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANSPORTATION AND
PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE
FINANCE. INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

229.1

230.8

232.2

234.2

234.9

237.2

239.4

240.4

242.5

245.3

246.2

248.2

250.7

263.4
220.5
234.1

265.0
222.2
235.7

264.8
223.2
236.8

265.5
224.5
238.5

267.6
224.6
239.9

272. 1
226.5
241.9

274.7
228.2
244.1

277.1
225.7
245.1

278.6
229.8
247.9

280.9
232.2
250.2

283.7
233.0
252.4

283.7
233.8
254.9

284.1
234.9
257.6

247.0

TOTAL PRIVATE (In current dollars)

249.9

252.5

255.1

255.9

258.8

260.2

26 0.8

262.5

266.0

267.2

268.4

270.7

TOTAL PRIVATE (In 1967 dollars)......

222.6

223.8

225.5

227.0

227.3

229.5

231.4

234.8

235.5

238.0

238.0

239.7

241.4

208.4
226.0

...

210.2
227.4

211.5
228.8

214.0
231.5

212.9
232.4

215.7
234.9

217.9
237.7

218.3
237.7

221.2

225.7
242.8

224.9
243.0

225.9
245.7

231.0
249.0

105.9

105.5

105.1

104.8

104.1

104.1

103.8

102.7

102.3

102.6

101.4

101.3

239.6

Average hourly earnings

$6.13
8.50
9.21
6.69

$6.17
8.54
9.29
6.73

$6.22
8.50
9.33
6.75

$6.26
8.59
9.39
6.79

$6.28
8.59
9.40
6.82

$6.34
8.73
9.48
6.87

$6.39
8.75
9.55
6.91

$6.41
8.88
9.46
6.93

$6.45
8.90
9,64
6.99

$6.51
8.95
9.75
7.06

$6.54
9.10
9.79
7.11

$6.57
9.07
9.82
7.15

$6.63
9.07
9.87
7.20

8.02

8.19

8.31

8.44

8.43

8.51

8.54

8.55

8.58

8.62

8.71

8.71

8.76

5.05

5.07

5.11

5.13

5.15

5.20

5.23

5.28

5.31

5.37

5.38

5.42

5.46

5.21
5.33

TOTAL PRIVATE
MINING4
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANSPORTATION AND
PUBLIC UTILITIES ^
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL '
TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE. AND
REAL ESTATE 4
SERVICES

5.28
5.36

5.28
5.40

5.37
5.45

5.35
5.47

5.41
5.54

5.4 8
5.60

5.53
5.60

5.60
5.64

5.68
5.72

5.68
5.72

5.69
5,78

5.79
5.88

Average weekly earnings

TOTAL PRIVATE:
Current dollars
1967 dollars 3

218.23
100.85

Real spendable earnings (married worker with
3 dependents. 1967 dollars) 3. .5.

219.65
100. 43

222.C5
100.52

89.43

88.99

88.95

222.86 223.57 225.70
99.76
99.03
99.10
88.24

87.61

87.44

87. 17

85.97

4

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.
2
The index excludes effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to underlying wage-rate
developments: Fluctuations in overtime premiums in manufacturing (the only sector for which overtime
data are available) and-the effects of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage and low-wage
industries.

85.06

230.45 230.86 230.61 232.05
95.82
95.08
94.16
84.35

83 .68

82 .89

-

See footnote 1, table B-5.

5

1

3

228 . 12 228.20 228.98
98.88
97.52
96.53

See footnote 2, table C-5.

^preliminary.

The CPI-W is used to deflate these series to 1967 dollars.

NOTE: See note to table C-10.

C-10. Hours of wage and salary workers1 in nonagricukural establishments by industry division
MHHom of hours (Annual rate) :

Industry division
APRIL
1979

TOTAL . . .
PRIVATE SECTOR
MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE
SERVICES . . .
GOVERNMENT

De c refer to hours of all employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers and
salaried workers—and are based largely on establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Method*
for Surveys and Studies, BLS Bulletin 1910—Chapter 30, Productivity I
Economy and Major Sectors.

146




MY
A
1980

JUNE
1980

170,489
138,361
2,280
8.516
42,836
26,158
16,679
10,711
34,394
9,647
29,976
32,129

169,553
137,297
2,283
8,531
41,799
25,291
16,508
10,624
34,387
9,680
29,993
32,256

168,448
136,092
2,295
8,533
40,975
24,717
16,259
10,584
34,046
9,780
29,879
32,356

April 1980
to
May 1980

May 1980
to
June 1980

-1.0
-1.8
7.4

-0.5
-0.8
0.1

-2.6
-7.0
-9.1
-3.8
-1.1
-1,1
4.6
2.6
2.4

0.2
-2.4
-3.3
-1.0
-0.8
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.4

-0.7
-0.9
0.5
0.0
-2.0
-2.3
-1.5
-0.4
-1.0
1.0
-0.4
0.3

June 1979
to
June 1980

3
"Annual rate" refers to total hours paid for 1 weak in the month, expressed as a seasonally adjusted annual equivalent.
NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS has revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, establishment data in this table may differ from data published earlier.
See article in this issue for additional information.

PRODUCTIVITY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-TI. Induces of output and compensation par hour, unit costs, and prices,
private business sector, seasonally adjusted
[1967-100]
Quarterly indexes

1977

1978

1978

1979

119.3
140.7
118.0
231.5
118.5
194.0
174.3
187.2

118.3
144.1
121.8
253.2
116.4
214.0
184.4
203.8

119.6
135.2
113.1
215.6
117.8
180.2
167.9
176.0

119.0
136.1
114.3
218.8
117.9
183.9
168.5
178.6

117.0
141.5
121.0
227.6
116.5
194.6
169.9
186.1

115.7
144.9
125.3
248.0
114.1
214.4
178.6
202.1

116.9
135.6
116.0
211.5
115.6
181.0
167.1
176.2

128.3
134.5
104.8
230.2
117.8
179.4

129.5
138.6
107.0
251.3
115.6
194.1

121.7
129.6
106.5
231.7
118.6
190.4

III

IV

1979

II

III

IV

118.5
136.9
115.5
224.5
118.8
189.4
164.8
180.9

119.1
140.3
117.8
228.8
118.3
192.1
173.9
185.8

119.8
141.8
118.3
233.9
118.3
195.2
177.0
188.9

119.9
144.0
120.1
238.7
118.1
199.0
181.2
192.9

116.4
136.4
117.2
215.1
115.9
184.8
165.9
178.3

116.1
137.3
118.2
220.9
116.9
190.2
161.1
180.2

116.7
141.1
120.9
225.0
116.3
192.8
169.1
184.7

117.5
142.7
121.4
229.8
116.2
195.6
173.0
187.8

128.9
129.9
100.8
214.8
117.4
166.7

128.3
130.9
102.0
218.3
117.6
170.1

126.3
130.3
103.1
223.8
118.4
177.2

127.8
133.6
104.5
227.3
117.5
177.9

121.7
133*8
109.9
252.6
116.2
207.5

122.8
124.4
101.3
216.8
118.5
176.6

122.3
125.6
102.7
220.3
118.7
180.2

119.5
124.6
104.2
225.4
119.2
188.5

139.3
142.3
102.1
226.7
116.0
162.7

142.4
146.3
102.7
247.2
113.7
173.5

138.8
138.8
100.0
211.0
115.3
152.0

138.3
139.4
100.8
214.3
115.5
155.0

118.1
150.0
127.0
225.2
115.3
193.3
190.6
201.8
127.2
183.5

117.7
154.7
131.4
245.2
112.8
210.4
208.4
216.6
127.8
198.1

117.7
142.7
121.2
209.9
114.7
182.4
178.4
194.8
130.9
174.7

116.9
143.4
122.7
213.2
114.9
186*3
182.3
198.7
122.2
176.8

1980

II

III

119.0
144.4
121.4
245.1
118.0
205.9
180.8
197.2

118.4
143.4
121.2
250.6
117.1
211.7
183.6
202.0

118.0
143.8
121.9
256.0
115.9
217.0
185.5
206.1

117.9
144.8
122.8
260.6
114.3
221.1
188.2
209.7

117.6
144.8
123.1
267.6
112.9
227.5
189.8
214.5

117.7
145.0
123.2
234.7
116.1
199.4
176.0
191.4

116.8
145.5
124.6
240.5
115.8
206.0
174.3
195.1

115.5
144.2
124.8
245.1
114.6
212.2
177.6
200.3

115.1
144.6
125.6
250.2
113.3
217.3
180.4
204.7

115.4
145.5
126.1
255.9
112.3
221.8
182.5
208.4

114.9
145.6
126.6
262.2
110.6
228.1
185.5
213.5

129.5
135.8
104.9
232.0
117.4
179.1

129.9
138.2
106.4
237.2
117.3
182.7

128.7
139.3
108.2
243.2
117.1
189.0

129.2
138.6
107.2
248.9
116.3
192.6

130.1
138.5
106.4
253.7
114.9
195.0

129.6
138.0
106.5
259.0
113.6
199.8

128.9
137.7
106.8
265.1
111.8
205.8

121.5
128.5
105.7
228.7
118.3
188.2

122.9
131.3
106.9
233.3
118.0
189.9

122.9
134.1
109.1
238.8
118.1
194.2

121.5
135.4
111.4
244.7
117.8
201.3

122.0
134.2
110.0
250.3
117.0
205.1

121.8
133.2
109.4
255.1
115.5
209.5

121.3
132.4
109.2
260.6
114.1
214.3

120.0
131.5
109.6
267.3
112.7
222.7

137,
139.
101,
220.6
116.7
160.5

138.0
141.7
102.7
224.1
115.9
162.4

140.6
143.2
101.9
228.7
115.7
162.7

141.4
144.7
102.3
233.0
115.2
164.7

140.7
145.5
103.4
238.6
114.9
169.6

141.3
145.7
103.1
244.7
114.4
173.2

144.1
147.1
102.0
249.5
113.0
173.1

143.5
147.0
102.4
255.6
112.1
178.1

143.7
147.7
102.7
259.6
109.5
180.6

116.9
144.7
123.8
218.9
115.8
190.8
187.3
201.5
107.1
178.3

118.1
118.7
149.7
151.4
126.8 rl27.6
222.8
227.3
115.2
115.0
191.6
194.0
188.7
191.5
200.8
201.6
129.2
132.7
182.3 184.9

119.0
154.2
129.6
231.7
114.6
196.8
194.8
203.1
138.7
188.2

118.4
155.1
131.1
237.9
114.6
202.3
201.0
206.5
130.3
191.6

117.5
154.1
131.1
242.5
113.3
208.0
206.4
213.2
129.2
196.3

117.4
154.3
131.4
247.6
112.1
213.2
210.8
220.5
127.5
200.4

117.3
155.1
132.2
252.6
110.8
218.0
215.3
226.1
124.0
204.0

117.1
155.3
132.6
258.9
109.2
224.6
221.1
235.4
118.6
208.8

P R I V A T E BUSINESS SECTOR:
Output per hour of all persons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlobor payments
Implicit price deflator
N O N F A R M BUSINESS SECTOR:
Output par hour of all parsons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation par hour
Raal compensation par hour
Unit labor c o r n
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
MANUFACTURING:
Output par hour of all parsons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation par hour
Raal compensation par hour

....

Un ! t labor costs
D U R A B L E GOODS
Output par hour of all parsons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation par hour
Raal compensation par hour
Unit labor costs

....

N O N D U R A B L E GOODS
Output per hour of all parsons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation par hour
Raal compensation par hour

....

Unit labor costs
N O N F I N A N C I A L CORPORATIONS:
Output par all-employee hour . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation par hour
Raal compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

p a prelimtnary,
r-re vised.




147

PRODUCTIVITY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-12. Percent changes from preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit
costs, and prices, private business sector, seasonally adjusted at annual rate
Annual percent change

Quarterly percont change

II 1978 IV 1978 I 197S II 197^111 1979 IV 1979| IV 1977 I 1978 II 1978JIII 1978 IV 1978 I 1979
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
IV 1978 I 1979
IV 1979 I 198d IV 19781 I 1979 II 1979(111 197q IV 1979 I 1980
197flll
P R I V A T E BUSINESS SECTOR:
Output per hour of all persons . . . .
Output

Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
N O N F A R M BUSINESS SECTOR:
Output per hour of all persons . . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour . . . %
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

0.3
6.4
6.1
8.5
-0.9
8.1
9.9
8.7

-3.0
1.2
4.4
11.1
-0.1
14.6
-1.0
9.3

-2.2
-2.9
-0.7
9.3
-3.1
11.8
6.6
10.1

-1.4
1.1
2.5

-0.3
2.8
3.2
7.4

10.3
4.2

-5.4
7.8
6.0
7.2

0.8
6.8
5.9
8.8
-0.6
8.0
7.3
7.8

-3.2
1.2

-4.1
-3.6
0.5
7.9
-4.4
12.5

-1.4
1.2

1.0
7.0
5.9
9.3
-0.2
8.2

-3.6
3.2

0.2
8.9
8.7
9.6
0.1
9.4

-4.5
3.9

8.8
-4.0

8.3

-0.7
0.0
0.8
11.2
-4.9

12.0
3.4
9.3

-1.7
0.5
2.3
9.2
-3.2
11.1
3.9
8.7

-1.2
0.2
1*4
9.2
-4.4

8.7

•1.6
1.4
3.0
9.4
•2.0
11.2
4.8
9.1

0.5
5.9
5.4
8.9
-0.9
8.3
8.2
8.3

-1.0
2.2
3.2
9.0
-1.5
10.1
5.0
8.5

-2.0
1.3
3.4
8.9
-2.5
11.1
4.3
9.0

-2.0
0.3
2.4
9*0
-3.3

-1.5
0.1
1.6

0.8
5.8
5.0
9.1
0.1
8.3
7.5
8.0

0.4
5.5
5.1
9.2
-0.6
8.7
9.7
9.0

-0.6
2.2
2.8

9.5
-1.0
10.2
5.6

10.5
5.0
8.7

10.1
6.6
9.0

0.7
2.5
1.8
9.4
-3.7
8.6
4.6
7.4

-1.4
0.2
1*6
10.2
-5.8
11.8
10.3

1.1
6.3
5.2
9.1
0.1
7.9
6.1
7.3

1.8
-2.0
-3.7
9.8
-2.7
7.9

2.7
-0.3
-2.9

-1.5
-1.4
0.1

1.2
5.6
4.3
8.7
-0.3
7.4

1.9
6.9
4.9
8.6
-1.1
6.6

1.2
3.8
2.6
9.5
-1.1
8.2

0.4
1.9
1.5
9.3
-2.1
8.9

-0.2
-0.1
0.1

8.6
-4.4
10.3

-2.3
-0*9
1.5
9.8
-6.1
12.4

-0.9
-3.0
-2.1
7.9
-4.9

-1.5
-2.3
-0.8
7.9
-5.0
9.6

-4.2
-2.7
1.5
11.6
-4.5
16.5

0.6
6.8
6.2
8.4
-0.6
7.8

1*7
8.7
6.9
8.6
-1.1
6.8

0.4
4.4
4.0
9.4

15.4

1.7
-3.6
-5.2
9.6
-2.9
7.7

9.0

-0.9
1.4
2.4
9.3
-2.1
10.3

-1.3
-1.3
0.1
8.9
-3.4

-1.3
-2.9
-1.6
9.2
-4.3
10.6

2.5
4.3
1.8
7.8
-1.5
5.2

-2.2
2.1
4.4
10.0
-1.1
12.5

1.7
0.5
-1.2
10.7
-1.9
r8.8

8.3

-1.6
-0.2
1.5
10.1
-3.0
11.9

0.6
1.9
1.3
6.5
-9.0
5.8

2.3
3.8
1.5
8.7
-0.2
6.3

2.3
4.3
1.9
8.2
-1.5
5.7

2.4
2.8
0.4
9.2
-1.3
6.7

2.5
2.7
0.2
9.1
-2.3
6.4

1.5
1*6
0*1
9.7
-2.7
8.1

2.2

1.1
7.6
6.4
8.1
-1.3
5.9
6.9
2.9
19.5
7.3

-2.1
2.5

-2.9
-2.6
0.3
8.0
-4.3
11.8
11.2
13.5
-3.4
10.2

-0.5
1.9
2.4
8.3

-0.7
0.6

1.8
7.5
5.6
8.7

1.3
7.2
5.8
8.7
-1.1
6.1
7.3
2.5
21.7
7.5

-0.5
2.9
3.4
8.9
-1.6
8.6
9.4
6.2
0.0
7.7

-1.0
1.9
3.0
8.9
-2.5
9.9
10.1
9.4
-3.9
8.4

-1.4
0*6
2*0
9.0
-3.3
10.8
10.6
11.3
-10.6

4.6

10.4
-0.7
14.0
-3.9
8.1

7.8

11.0

2.6
8.5
-4.3

6.8

11.3
3.7
8.9

9.0

-4.5
10.7
6.5

9.4

MANUFACTURING:
Output per hour of all persons . . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

7.1
10.4
-0.7
14.5

8.0
-4.8
5.2

9.2
-3.2
9.4

0.1
-1.1
-1.3
9.0
-4.5
8.9

D U R A B L E GOODS
Output per hour of all persons . . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
N O N D U R A B L E GOODS
Output per hour of all persons . . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
N O N F I N A N C I A L CORPORATIONS:
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit prof its
Implicit price deflator

preliminary,
r-revised.

148



8.8

10.3

-0.8

4.6
11.0
-0.1
11.7
13.4
6.8
-22.1
7.6

8.8

3.9
-4.1
8.1
-4.7
-0.2
-0.2
0.6
0.9
8.6
-4.3
10.2
8.8

14.6
-5.3
8.6

-4.6
9.3
8.9
10.6
-10.4
7.3

1.3
10.4
-5.6
12.7
11.1
17.3
16.3
9.8

-0.2
5.6
6.8
2.2

13.6
6.4

•1.1

10.4

8.4

1-5
-0.7
8.8
-4.7

6.5

-1.1
0.1
1.2

8.8
-4.7

11.0
10.0
14.0
-9.0
9.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS

C-13. Grots hours and earning* of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by State and selected areas
Aver

Stat* md art*

HAY
1979

ALASKA

$253.04
293.33
337.26

444.08

Birmingham
Mobile

APB.
1980

$239.26
279.48
310.61

ALABAMA

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly hours

467.40

HAT
1980P

HAY
1979

APB.
1980

HAY.
1980P

HAY
1979

APB.
1980

HAY
1980P

$254.32
304.87
326.70

40.9
40.8
43.2

39.6
39.8
42.0

39.6
39.8
42.1

$5.85
6.85
7.19

$6.39
7.37
8.03

$6.39
7.66
7.76

52.0

45.6

(*)

8.54

10.25

6.54
6.49
6.37

7.15
7.01
7.10

7.19
7.11
7.13

(•)

(•)

264.87
263.49
245.88

284.57
279.00
269.80

290.48
285.82
280.92

40.5
40.6
38.6

39.8
39.8
38.0

40.4
40.2
39.4

203.-60
191.22
207.90
232.18
263.72

214.66
203.18
180.68
249.95
294.26

215.42
194.56
174.64
251.02
296.74

40.0
41.3
39.3
40.1
41.4

38.4
39.3
37.1
39.3
40.2

38.4
38.0
37.0
39.1
40.1

5.09
4.63
5.29
5.79
6.37

5.59
5.17
4.87
6.36
7.32

5.61
5.12
4.72
6.42
7.40

CALIFORNIA
Anaheim—Santa Ana—Garden Grove
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles—Long Beach
Modesto
Oxnard—Slml Valley—Ventura
Riverside—San Bernardino—Ontario
Sacramento
Salinas—Seaside—Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco—Oakland
San Jose
Santa Barbara—Santa Maria—LomDoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton
Vallejo—Falrfield—Napa

275.02
250.90
310.16
246-. 02
258.24
260.84
245.62
280.99
287.63
258.14
247.96
332.93
293.30
234.58
244.94
289.52
285.01

294.78
278.59
309*96
274.48
283.60
275.63
252.97
289.94
301.55
272.31
279.80
344.16
314.42
248.64
257.97
309.85
306.38

299.44
283.11
326.23
274.38
286.88
285.01
257.65
295.68
309.75
275.28
280.14
349.71
315.59
255.88
263.78
308.35
303.46

39.8
39.7
41.3
39.3
40.1
38.7
40.2
39.8
38.3
38.3
37.4
39.4
40.4
37.0
37.8
38.5
37.6

39.2
40.2
37.8
39.1
40.0
37.5
37.7
38.0
37.6
36.7
38.7
38.8
39.6
37.0
36.8
38.3
37.5

39.4
40.1
39.4
38.7
39.9
37.9
38.2
36.5
38.1
37.1
38.8
38.9
39.4
37.3
37.1
38.4
37.1

6.91
6.32
7.51
6.26
6.44
6.74
6.11
7.06
7.51
6.74
6.63
8.45
7.26
6.34
6.48
7.52
7.58

7.52
6.93
8.20
7.02
7.09
7.35
6.71
7.63
8.02
7.42
7.23
8*87
7.94
6.72
7.01
8-09
8.17

7.6J
7.06
8.28
7.09
7.19
7.52
6.75
7.68
8.13
7.42
7.22
8.99
8.01
6.86
7.11
8.03
8.18

COLORADO
Denver—Boulder

257.84
256.61

280.35
278.20

279.89
278.85

38.6
38.3

39.1
38.8

39.2
39.0

6.68
6.70

7.17
7.17

7.14
7.15

CONNECTICUT
Bridgeport
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven—West Haven
Stamford
Waterbury

262.70
279.93
294.63
274.95
270.82
271.36
227.55

290.37
305. 15
320.46
299.75
286.71
280.36
251.22

293.85
305.15
324.61
300.62
263.01
280J97
244.13

41.5
43.0
42.7
42.3
41.6
42.6
41.0

41.9
43.1
42.9
42.7
40.9
43.0
41.8

41.8
42.5
42.6
42.4
40.2
42.7
41.1

6.33
6.51
6.90
6.50
6.51
6.37
5.55

6.93
7.08
7.47
7.02
7.01
6.52
6.01

7.03
7.18
7.62
7.09
7.04
6.58
5.94

275.12
319.56

295.66
343.80

296.96
339.69

39.7
40.4

39.9
40.4

39.7
40.2

6.93
7.91

7.41
8.51

7.48
8.45

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA:
Washington SMSA

299*91

317.24

320.44

39.0

38.5

38.7

7.69

8.24

8.28

FLORIDA
Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood
Jacksonville
Lakeland—Winter Haven
Miami
..
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa—St. Petersburg . *
West Palm Beach—Boca Raton

219.37
211.04
253.79
255.15
198.85
220.18
296.12
220.00
232.37

232.06
225.22
276.08
249.21
200.06
247.46
286.75
235.62
238.99

235.41
220.59
274.05
272.80
206.45
249.89
286.82
246.18
239.68

40.7
41.3
41.2
45.4
41.0
39.6
44*0
38.8
38.6

39.9
39.6
40.7
40.8
40.6
40.9
44.0
42.6
39.1
38.4
40.5
40.5
41.2 . 40.8
39.9
39.6
39.1
38.3

5.39
5.11
6.16
5.62
4.85
5.56
6.73
5.67
6.02

5.86
5.52
6.75
5.85
5.21
6.11
6.96
5.95
6.24

5.90
5.42
6.75
6.20
5.28
6.17
7.03
6.17
6.13

GEORGIA
Atlanta
Savannah

203.64
232.75
270.40

221.43
256.41
314.32

222.39
258.91
294.67

39.2
37.3
40.6

39.4
3d.5
43.9

39.5
36.3
40.7

5.20
6.24
6.66

5.62
6.66
7.16

5.63
6.76
7.24

HAWAII
Honolulu

246.27
243.46

252.71
255. 38

244.48
239.23

38.6
38.4

37.0
37.5

35.9
35.6

6.38
6.34

6.83
6.61

6.81
6.72

IDAHO
Boise City

254.70
234.32

253.83
230.55

263.53

38.3
38.1

35.6
35.8

36.1

6.65
6.15<

7.13
6.44

7.30

ARIZONA

Tucson
ARKANSAS

Fayettevllle—Springdaie
Port Smith
Little Rock—North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

. .
,

DELAWARE

Wilmington

(•)

(*)

(•)

See footnotes at end of table.




149

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE A N D AREA H O U R S A N D EARNINGS

C-13. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by State and selected areas—Continued
Awraaja waatdy h o u n
State and ar«a

ILLINOIS
Bloomington—Normal
Champaign—Urbana—Rantoul
Chicago SMSA
Davenport—Rock Island—Moline
Decatur
Peorla
Rockford
Springfield

HAT
1979
$293.29
275.64
250.90
282.64
330.07
318.84
351.78
301.99
323.60

A?fi.
1980

<*)

<n
<*>
<*)
(•)
<*)

1980P

HAT
1979

APfi.
1980

HAT
1980P

HAT
1979

APS.
1980

HAT
1980P

(*)
$292,66
275.50
290.16
367.60
314.35
384.33
306.50
302.44

40.6
42.8
37.8
40,3
38.5
41.1
39.4
42.4
41.8

<•)
<•)
(•)
(•)
(*)

$7.22
6.43
6.64
7.01
8.57
7.76
8.93
7.12
7.73

(•)
(*>
(•)
(*)
(•)

(*)
(*)
(•)

(•)
40.2
38.0
39.0
40.0
35.4
38.9
39.6
37.9

(•)
(•)
<•)

(•)
$7.28
7.25
7.44
9.19
8.88
9.98
7.74
7.98

HAT

<*>

i*)

INDIANA
Gary—Hammond—East Chicago
Indianapolis

310.75 $326.23
418.1%
443.20
310.08
323.16

324.18
(•)
(•)

40.2
41.4
40.8

39.4
40.0
39.7

39.2
(*)
(•)

7.73
10.10
7.60

$8.28
11.08
8.14

8.27
(•)
(•)

IOWA

304.80
315.74
302.51
365.71
279.88
398.79

338.98
344.73
342.42
419.89
328.32
431.96

336.41
342.91
333.59
384.47
345.72
435.66

40.0
40.9
38.1
40.1
40. 8
42.2

39.6
40.7
39.0.
39.8
42.2
41.1

39.3
40.2
38.3
37.4
43.0
41.1

7.62
7.72
7.94
9.12
6.86
9.45

8.56
8.47
8.78
10.55
7.78
10.51

8.56
8.53
8.71
10.28
8.04
10.60

KANSAS
Topeka
Wichita

271.06
271.93
289.12

283.61
302.88
305.73

288.55
310.13
316.81

40.7
41.9
41.6

39.5
39.8
38.7

39.8
40.7
39.8

6.66
6.49
6.95

7.18
7.61
7.90

7.25
7.62
7. 96

KENTUCKY
Lexington—Fayette
Louisville

269.17
255.03
302.00

279.75
271.32
315.19

278.40
<•)
()
*

39.7
38.7
40.0

38.8
38.0
39.3

38.4
(•)
<*)

6.78
6-59
7.55

7.21
7.14
8.02

7.25
(*)
(•)

LOUISIANA
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport

285.80
357.00
272. 40
242.57

317.18
412116
308.18
272.00

322.46
435.47
306.53
273-34

41.3
42.5
40.0
39.7

41.3
42.8
41.2
40.0

4U5
44.3
40.6
39.5

6.92
8.40
6.81
6.11

7.68
9.63
7.48
6.80

7.77
9.63
7.55
6.92

MAINE
Lewiston—Auburn
Portland

209.08
171.75
206.06

235.31
190.35
225.10

232.43
188.50
223.68

39.9
37.5
39.1

40.5
38.3
39.7

39.8
37.7
38.9

5.24
4.58
5.27

5.81
4.97
5.67

5.84
5.00
5.75

MARYLAND
Baltimore

278.30
296.68

292.43
309.64

290.16
309.66

39.7
40.2

39.2
39.8

39.0
39.7

7.01
7.38

7.46
7.78

7.44
7.80

MASSACHUSETTS
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Lawrence—Haverhlll
Lowell
New Bedford
Springfield—Chicopee-Holyoke
Worcester

233.64
258.40
182.78
173.88
231.28
20*. 75
208.96
231.64
246.43

(•)
. (*)

39.6
40.0
38.0
36.3
39.4
39.5
39.5
39.8
40.2

(•>
(•)
(•)

<*)
(•)
<•)
(•)

5.90
6.46
4.81
4.79
5.87
5.31
5.29
5.82
6.13

(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(*)

I)

r»)

(•)
<•)
<*)
<•)
(•)
(*)
(*)

Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

MICHIGAN
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
BayClty
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo—Portage
Lansing—East Lansing
Muskegon—Norton Shores—Muskegon Heights
Saginaw
MINNESOTA
,
Duluth—Superior
Minneapolis—St. Paul
St. Cloud
See footnotes at end of table.

150




<*)
(•>
(•)
<*)
(•)
<•)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
! • • )

<•>
273.14
262.68
292.00
209.28

I*)
(*)

(•>
(*)
(•)
(•)
<•>

<•)
()
•
()
•
<*)
<•)
()
•
<*>
<*)
<*)

366.91
391.62
359.11
336.72
396.03
428.12
307.64
325.42
330.70
384.33
323.65
406.60

363.31
384.98
355.24
332. 25,
396.35
404.03
294.90
334.39
329.14
375.01
324.73
398.07

292.70
278*40
311.25
217.62

295.42
278.69
316,00
220.82

(•)
(•)
(•)

<n
<•>
m
()

39.7
39*8
40.0
38.4

m

<•>
<•>

m

<•)
(•)

(*)

<•)

39.7
39.9
40.3
40.0
40.3
41.3
39.7
39.7
39.6
38.9
39.6
38.5

39.4
40.7
39.7
39.9
40.3
38.7
39.2
40.1
39.3
39.1
39.5
38.1

<*)
(*)
<•>
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
!•>
(•)
(•)
<*)
(•)

9.24
9.82
8.91
8.42
9.83
10.37
7.75
8.20
8.35
9.88
8.17
10.56

9.22
9.46
8.95
8.33
9.84
10.44
7.52
8.34
8.38
9.59
8.22
10.45

39.5
38.4
39.7
35.5

39.6
38.6
40.0
36.2

6.88
6.60
7.30
5.45

7.41
7.25
7.84
6.13

7.46
7.22
7.90
6.10

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-13. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by State and selected areas—Continued
Aven 0O WBtiKly nours

Average weekly earnings
State and area

HAT
1979

APE.
1980

Avenge ho«r.y earning,

MAI
1980P

HAT
1979

APB.
1980

HAT
1980P

HAT
1979

APB.
1980

HAT
1980P

$196.71
228.77

$207.97
229.77

$205.06
227.08

39.9
41.9

38,8
40.1

38.4
39,7

$4.93
5.46

$5.36
3.73

$5.34
5.72

MISSOURI
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St Louis
Springfield

262.15
302.80
248.24
301.32
234.02

274.77
314.02
267.13
316.40
256.61

276.76
305.74
270.12
318.33
254.41

39.6
40.0
40.3
40.5
39.8

38*7
39.4
39.4
39.5
39.6

38.6
38.8
39.9
39.3
39.2

6.62
7.57
6.16
7.44
5.88

7 . 10
7.97
6.78
6.01
6.48

7.17
7.88
6.77
8.10
6.49

MONTANA

345*82

371.70

392.75

42.8

41.3

45.3

8.08

9.00

8.67

NEBRASKA
Lincoln
Omaha

267.56
257.67
279.88

290.88
265.79
291.69

289.48
265.24
291.04

41.1
39.4
40.8

40.4
37.7
39.1

39.6
37.2
38.6

6.51
6.54
6.86

7.20
7.05
7.46

7.31
7.13
7.54

NEVADA
Las Vegas

253.70
354.99

275.98
(*)

'(•)
(•)

37.2
39.4

36.7
(*)

(*)

6.82
9.01

7.52

(*)

(*)

(*)

(*)

<*)

226.97
200.34
242*20

(*)
<*)
(•)

<*>

(•>
<*)

<*)
(•)

40.1
38.9
40.1

(*)

<*)
(•>
<*)

5.66
5.15
6.04

(*)

NEW JERSEY
Atlantic City
Camden *
Hackensack 2
Jersey City \
New Brunswick—Perth Amboy—Sayreville. ?
Newark ?
Paterson—Clifton—Passaic a
Trenton

273.73
195.94
263.09
259.55
262.60
299.62
277.02
258.75
276.49

293. 15
210.56
287.74
273.97
288.86
322.38
298.19
269.47
292.89

292.84
222.69
287. 28
274.39
287.55
327.23
297.36
272.14
289.15

41.6
38.8
40.6
42.9
40.4
41.1
42.1
41.4
40.6

41.0
37.6
40.3
41.7
40.8
40.5
41.3
40.4
39.0

40.9
39.0
39.9
41*7
40.5
40.2
41.3
40.8
38.4

6.58
5.05
6.48
6.05
6.50
7.29
6.58
6.25
6.81

7.15
5.60
7.14
6.57
7.08
7.96
7.22
6.67
7.51

7.16
5.71
7.20
6. 58
7.10
8.14
7.20
6.67
7.53

NEW MEXICO
Albuquerque

210.80
217.22

223.26
235.41

230.22
247.57

40.0
40.3

39.1
39.9

39.9
41.4

5.27
5.39

5.71
5.90

5.77
5.98

NEW YORK .
Albany—Schenectady—Troy
Binghamton
'."
"
Buffalo . . . :
Elmlra
Monroe County 3 .
Nassau—Suffolk .4.
New York—Northeastern New Jersey
New York and Nassau—Suffolk \
New YorkSMSA .4
New York City ?
Poughkeepsie
Rochester.
Rockland County s
Syracuse
Utica—Rome
Westchester County .5

256.10
268.09
237.46
340.68
265.03
346.09
241.13
245.35
222.09
217.13
212.95
258.74
326,61
242.19
287.23
240.39
252.15

275.18
290.73
263.63
355.41
279.20
367.92
262.01
263.50
238.50
232.36
227.76
273.21
346.86
268.94
310.80
262.02
268.51

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*>
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)

39.4
39.6
40.8
40.8
40.9
41.9
39.4
39.7
37.9
37.5
37.1
41.8
41.5
39.9
40.8
39.8
4U0

39.2
40.1
41.0
39.8
40.7
41.2
39.4
38.3
37.5
37.0
36.5
40.9
41.0
40.2
42.0
39.7
41.5

(*)
<•)
(•)
(•)
(*>
(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(*)

6.50
6.77
5.82
8.35
6.48
8.26
6.12
6.18
5.86
5.79
5.74
6.19
7.87
6.07
7.04
6.04
6.15

7.02
7.25
6.43
8.93
6.86
8.93
6.65
6.88
6.36
6.28
6.24
6.68
8.46
6.69
7.40
6.60
6.47

t*)

NORTH CAROLINA
Asheville
Charlotte—Gastonia
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh—Durham

188.42
185.54
193.73
204.22
216.40

205.02
200.94
207.03
224.22
240.20

203.45
204.09
207.83
219.07
238.19

39.5
39.9
40.7
39.5
40.0

39.2
39.4
40.2
39.2
40.1

38.9
39.4
40.2
38.5
39.5

4.77
4.65
4.76
5.17
5.41

5*23
5.10
5.15
5.72
5.99

5.23
5. 18
5.17
5.69
6.03

NORTH D A K O T A . . . .
Fargo—Moorhead

232.06
247.65

238.50
265,58

247.04
274.61

39.4
39.0

37.5
37.3

38.3
38.3

5.89
6.35

6.36
7.12

6.45
7.17

OHIO
Akron.
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton
Toledo
Youngstown—Warren

325.73
314.23
324.82
300.25
34Q.43
278.80
344.29
326.03
385.40

337.34
350.24
332.43
321.50
341.45
294.75
344.43
342.00
397.20

335.67
355.18
340.81
325.10
336.88
295.96
335.72
341.20
400.00

41.6
41.4
40.3
41.3
42.5
40. 0
42.4
40.5
41.0

40.4
41.4
38.7
40.8
40.6
39.3
41.2
40.0
39.8

40.2
41.3
39.4
41.1
40.2
39.2
40.4
40.0
40.0

7.83
7.59
8.06
7.27
8.01
6.97
8.12
8.05
9.40

8.35
8.46
8.59
7.88
8.41
7*50 r
8.36
8.55
9.98

MISSISSIPPI
Jackson

.

.

.

NEW HAMPSHIRE'
Manchester \
Nashua

(•)

(•)

(*)
(*)

(*)
<•>

<•)
(*)
<*)
(*)
(*)
<*)
(•)
(•)

(•)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)

8.35
8.60
8.65
7.91
8.38
7.55
8.31
8.53
10.00

See footnotes at end of table.




151

E S T A B L I S H M E N T DATA
STATE A N D AREA H O U R S A N D EARNINGS
C-13. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by State and selected areas—Continued
•
W

Ststo endflfM.

7

HAT
1?80P

HAT
1979

APB.
1980

HAT
1980P

HAT
1979

APB.
1980

HAT
1980P

$292.66
339.62
297.16

40.4
41.2
40.2

40.2
40.9
39.1

40.2
42.4
39.1

$6.36
6.25
6.86

$7.26
7.80
7.51

$7. 28
8.C1
7.60

36.5
37.0
35.2
<•>

<•)

(•)
(•)
<*)

7,76
8.18
7.79
7.58

8,32
8.74
8,09

(•)

38,8
39,3
38,8
38.0

288.28
296.Q6
249.93
295. 14
302.94
£82.40
307.10
259.10
207.52
293.53
364.00
268.23
204.37
208.46
256.19
269.18

287.21
297,96
260,96
303. 16
307.57
281,. 00
307.56
260.80
208.99
297.40
353.05
267.50
197.53
211.41
253.06
259.52

39.7
37.4
39.7
40.0
41,0
40.7
39,3
40.8
36.3
40.1
40.8
37.9
35.9
36.4
39.4
41.1

38.8
38*6
38.2
39.3
40.5
40.4
37.0
39.8
36.6
39.4
40*0
39.1
36.3
36.7
38.7
40.6

38.5
38.2
39.6
40.1
40.9
40.2
37.1
40.0
36.6
39.6
38.5
38.6
35.4
36.9
38.4
39.5

6.88
7.09
5.93
7.00
6.74
6.36
7.43
6.00
5,29
6.92
8.39
6.26
5.21
5.34
6.10
6.10

7.43
7.67
6.54
7.51
7.48
6.99
8.30
6.51
5.67
7.45
9.10
6.86
5.63
5.68
6.62
6.63

7.46
7.80
6.59
7,56
7,52
6.99
8.29
6.52
5.71
7.51
9.17
6.93
5.58
5.74
6.59
6,57

194.16
193.00

214.42
212.16

214,73
212.62

38.6
38.6

39.2
39.0

38,9
38.8

5.03
5.00

5.47
5.44

5.52
,5.48

SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston—North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville SDartanbura
.

201.28
235.57
200.46
200.56

215.97
258.44
21.1.43
216.66

215.$2
255,44
209.37
215*57

40.5
41.4
39.0
40.6

39.7
40.7
39.3
39.9

39.6
40.1
38.7
39.7

4.97
5.69
5.14
4.94

5.44
6.35
5.38
5.43

5.45
6.37
5^41
5.43

SOUTH DAKOTA
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

234.78
195.81
320.62

252.25
201.83
332-00

270.22
200.40
385.43

42.0
36.6
46.0

39.6
32.5

5.59

4il5

41.7
33.4
48.3

5.35
6.97

6.37
6.21
8.00

6.48
6.00
7.98

TENNESSEE

214.83
220.30
254.56
249.46
229.90

235.20
245.32
277.60
255.32
256.49

236,16
241,90
272.16
270.97
251.04

39,2
40,2
39.9
40.3
39.3

39.2
41.3
40.0
39,1
39.4

39.1
41.0
39.5
39.5
38.8

5.48
5.48
6.38
6.19
5.85*

6.00
5.94
6.94
6.53
6.51

6.04
5.90
6.89
6.86
6.47

262.22
240.65
204.26
382.97
306.39
241.35
190.80
408.64
327.56
198.85
186.80
221.82
232.13

286.01
275.49
224.13
368.99
308.48
261.70
205.92
436.35
358.52
215.72
210.50
237.08
257.28

289.57
283.50
224.11
439.81
306.32
261.70
209.67
406.69
357.73
219,11
211.14
241.80
246.87

41. 1
39.2
41.6
41.9
41.8
40.7
40.0
42.7
43.1
41.6
40.0
39.4
40.3

40.8
40.1
41.2
38.8
39.6
40.2
39.0
42.2
43.3
39.8
41.6
38.3
40.2

40.9
40.5
40.6
42.7
40.2
40.2
39.9
39.6
43.1
40.5
41.4
39.0
39.0

6.38
6.14
4,91
7.33
5.93
4.77
9.57
7.60
4.78
4.67
5.63
5.76

7.01
6.87
5.44
9.51
7.79
6.51
5.28
10.34
8.28
5.42
5.06
6.19
6.40

7.08
7.00
5.52
10.30
7.62
6.51
5.26
10.27
8.30
5.41
5.10
6.20
6.33

UTAH
Salt Lake City—Ogden

236,07
225.97

268.25
262.03

267.96
253,11

38.7
39.3

39.8
41.2

38>5
39.0

6.10
5.75

6.74
6.36

6.96

VERMONT
Burlincton
Springfield

221.95
248.56
261.64

243.17
270.67
281.59

241.19
265.01
272.90

40.8
42.2
42.2

40.8
41.9
42.6

40.4
41.8
41.6

5.44
5.89
6.20

5.96
6.46
6.61

5.97
6.34
6.56

216.80
200.72
214.26
252.96
246.98
261.86

237.12
212.99
233.40
250.91
273.24
302.06

239.07
216.13
240.07
250*34
274.86
304.04

40.0
37*8
39.9
40.8
39.9

39.0
36.1
38,2
40.6
40,6
40.6

39.0
37.2
39.1
39.3
40.6
39.9

5.42
5,31
5.37
6.20
6.19
6.68

6.08
5.90
6.11
6.18
6,73

6.13

HAT
1979

APB,
1980

$256.94
257.50
275.77

$291.85
319.02
293.64

301.09
321.47
302.25
288.04

303.68
323.38
284.77
(•)

PENNSYLVANIA .
Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton
Altoona
Delaware Vallev *
Erie
Harrisburg
Johnstown
Lancaster
Northeast Pennsylvania
Philadelphia SMSA
Plttsburah
.
Reading
7
Scranton .
Wilkes-Barre— Hazleton •
WllliamsDort
York

273.14
265.17
235.42
280.00
276.34
258.85
292.00
244.80
192.03
277.49
342.31
237.25
187.04
194.38
240.34
250,71

RHODE ISLAND
Providence—Warwick—Pawtucket

OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

...

OREGON
Euaene—SDrinafield
Jackson County
Portland

.
.

.

Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville Davidson
TEXAS
Austin
Beaumont—Port Arthur—Orange
Corpus Christ!
Dallas—Fort Worth
El Paso
Galveston—Texas City
Houston
Lubbock
Waco
Wichita Falls

.

VIRGINIA

Bristol
Lvnchburo
Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth
Northern Virginia .•.
Petersbura—Colonial Heiahts—HoDewell
See footnotes at end of table.

152




<*)

(•)
(••)

'. J4

(•)
<•)

(••)

6.^19

5.81
6.14
6.37
6.77
7.62

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-13. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by State and selected areas/-Continued
Amgawaaklyaarninss
Stataandaraa

HAT
1979

VIRGINIA—Continued
Richmond
Roanoke

APB.
1980

rninai

AM

Awrasja waaldy hours'

•AT
1980P

HAT
1979

APR.
1980

HAT
1980P

H T
A
1979

APB.
1980

HAT
1980P

$304.17
223.00

39.9
39.9

39.7
39.5

39.4
39.4

$6.63
5.07

$7.83
5.69

$7.72
5. 66

$264.54
202.29

$310.85
224.76

318.59
327.76
286.15
286.15

347.24
359.52
317.60
346.62

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

38.9
39.3
37.9
37.9

38.2
38.7
37.9
38.3

(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)

8.19
8.34
7.55
7.55

9.09
9.29
8.38
9.05

(*)
(•)

WEST VIRGINIA
Charleston
Huntlngton—Ashland
Parker sburg—Marietta
Wheeling

298.10
323.40
309.29
304.41
304.56

311.26
360.40
345.65
329.25
335.24

317.58
357.00
359.45
330.47
333.76

39.8
42.0
39.5
41.7
40.5

39.5
42.3
37.9
40.9
40.1

39.5
42.0
39.5
40.9
38.9

7.49
7.70
7.83
7.30
7.52

7.88
8.52
9.12
8.05
8.36

8.04
8.50
9.10
8.08
8.58

WISCONSIN
Appleton—Oshkosh
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville—Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine

292.66
293.23
238.28
303.57
330.23
350.95
243.58
288.31
318.57
315.81

313.50
310.22
310.07
326.63
282.71
359.29
275.03
320.20
343.03
343.26

311.33
307.42
286.92
330.01
285.98
332.05
287.63
314.20
343.41
339.89

40.9
42.0
34.7
41.5
42.5
41.9
41.2
39.8
40.9
41.9

40.0
41.2
40.2
41.8
38.8
39.3
40.3
39.9
40.0
40.3

39.7
40.6
41.9
42.0
39.7
40.0
41.4
38.9
39.7
39.8

7.16
6.99
6.87
7.31
7.77
8.38
5.92
7.24
7.80
7.55

7.85
7.52
7.72
7.82
7.28
9.15
6.83
8.03
8.58
8.53

7.65
7.57
6.84
7.85
7.21
8.30
6.95
8.08
8.64
8.55

WYOMING
Casper

245.89
326.04

278.02
311.70

284.98
333.72

37.2
41.8

38.4
37.6

39.2
39.<

6.61
7.80

7.24
8.29

7.27
8.47

VIRGIN ISLANDS

269.34

282.08

282.76

40.2

41.3

41.4

6.70

6.88

6.63

WASHINGTON
Seattle—Everett '.
Spokane
Tacoma

1

;
I

. .

Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Area: Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester Counties, New Jersey.
2
Subarea of New York—Northeastern New Jersey.
3
Subarea of Rochester Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
4
Area included in New York and Nassau-Suffolk combined SMSA's.
5
Subarea of New York Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
• Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Area: Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia Counties, Pennsylvania.
7
Subarea of Northeast Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area:




(*)
(*)

Lackawanna County.
' Subarea of Northeast Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area:
Luzerne County.
9
Subarea of Washington, D.C. Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area: Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas, and Manassas Park cities and Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William Counties, Virginia.
p = preliminary.
* Not available.
SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover.

153

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
LABOR TURNOVER
D-1. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1970 to date
(Per 100 employees)

Year

Annual
average

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

1973....
1974
1975
1976.-.
1977••••••••••••••••
1978
1979.....
1980....

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Dec

Nov.

•I

Total aocestions

1970..
1971................

July

June

3.9
4. 5
4.8
4. 2
3.7
3. 9
4. 0
4. 1
4. C

3.7
3.5
4.0
4.5
4. 1
3.2
4.2
4.0
3.8
3.8
3.5

3. 7
3.6
4, 1
4.6

4.2
4.0
4.9

4.5

r

3. 7

4.0
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.7

2.6
2.2
2.8
3.5
3.1
1.3
2.7
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.3

2.6
2.3
2.9

1.0
1.3
.7
.7
.9

1.2

1.0
.9
.8
.7

4. 8
4. 2
4. 1
4.3
5.0
6. 1
3.7
3.9
3-6
3. 8
4. 1

4.3
3.5
3.5
3.8
4.5
3.0
3.4
3.1

2. 1
1.5
1. 7
2.3
2.2
1. 1
1. 3
1-4
1.5
1.8
1. 6

1.9
1.3
1.6

4.0
3.5
4. 1
4.7
4. 2
2.9
3. 9
3. 7
3. 8
4. 0
3. 8

3. 6
3. 1

3.7
4. 1

3.7
2.7
3.5
3.7
3.2
3.4
3.3

>

3.9
3.8
4.0
3-9
3- 1

P

1

5.0

4.7
4.0
5.4
5.8
4.9
4 .6
4.4
4.6
4.9
4.5

3.0
2.7
3.5

3.5
3.4
4.5

3.4
3.4
4.3

4.1

5. 1
4. 7
3. 1

3.9

5.4
4,9
5.4
5.9
5.4
4.5
4.8
4.9
4.9
4.8

4.4
4.0
4.7
5.2
4.9
4.6
4.2
4.3
4.4
4. 3

3,9
3.5
4.2
5.0
4. 3
2.5
3.6
3.7
3.9
3.8

5. 1
5. 3
6. 1

6.3
5.2
*">. 1

5.3
*5. 4

.0

1.3

3.9
5. 2
3.3
3.7
3.5
3.9
4.3
4. 1

3 .7
q
.8
2 .4
2 .8
7 .9
1. 1
1. 3

1.0

2.5
2.7
2.6
1.P
2.2
2.4
2.2

3. 3

New him
1970...
1971.........
1972....
1973.
1974......
1975.....
1976..1977.......•••••••••
1978................
1979...
1980....

2. 8
2. 6
3.3
3. 9
3. 2
2. 0
2.6
2. 8
3. 1
2. 9

2.9
2. 0
2.6
3. 5
3. 2
1. 3

2. 1
2.2
2.5
2. 8
2.4

2.5
1. 9

2.5
3.2
2.8
1. 2
2. 1
2. 1

2.2
?• 5

2.2

3. 7
3. 3

1.6
2.6
2.7
2.9
2.9
2.1

2.8
2.7
3.7
4.5
4.0

2.0
3.1
3.5
3.6
3.6
P 2.1

3.7
2.6
2.9
3.0
3.3
3.1

3.6
4.0
4.2
3.7

3. 1
3.2
3.5
3.9
3.4

2.7
2.7
3.9
4.4
2.9
2.*
2.5
3.0
3.5
3.1

1.9
7 .2
•

w

9

1 .1
1 .7

.8
1 .9
.2
1

/

1.4
1.6
2.1
1.0
1.3
1.3
1.6
1.7

.2

Recalls
1976.-

1977....
1978
1979.
1980.••.............

1.0
.9
.7
.7

1. 4
1.2
1.0

.9
1. 1

1.0

0.9
•8
.7
.7

1.1
.9

. 8

.8
.3
.8
P1.0

4.4
3.7
3.9
4.3

4.8
3.9
3.8
4.2

4.6
3.7
3.9
4.4

4.4
3.8
4.2

4.5

5.3
4.8
4,8
5.2

4.2

4.0
3.6
3.4
3.6
3.7
4.7

3.9
3.4
3.5
3.7
3.8
P4.8

3.7
3.6
3.5
3.8
3.9

4.9
4.4
4.3
4.3
4.1
4.3

2. 1

2. 1
1.7
2.2
2.8
2.7
1.3
1.7
1.9
2.1
2.1
P1.5

2.1
1.8
2.2
2.8
2.5
1.4
1.8
1.9
2.2
2. 1

1.5

1.5
1.2
1. 1
. 7
.8
1.6
.9
.8
.7
.9

1.1
.8
.7
.9

.9

1. 1

1.0
.9
.9

0.8
.8
.7
.ft

0.7
.6
.6
.7

f) . 7

.6
.5

.5

0.7
.6

.5
.5

Total separations

1970. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1971.........•••••••
1972................
1573
1975................
1976................
1977...
1978.--..
1979........
1980...-

4. 8
4.2
4.3
4.7
4. 9
4. 2
3. 8
3.8
3.9
4.0

3. 2

3.5

3.5
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7

5.6
5.5
5.5
6.5
6. 2
4.7

6.0
5.3
5.5
5.8
5. 5
4.4

5. 3
4.3
4.4
5.0

\m 3'

t.7
-$ . 8
1.2

5.3
5.7

4.7
4.9
4.9
4.7

5. 1
4. 1
4. 1
3.8
4. 1
4.2

3.0

3.3

2. 1

.4

2.0
2.5
3. 1
2.2
1.6
1.7
1.9
2.3
2. 1

1.5

'2.2
I.5
I.O
.8
1.8
1.6
1.5

2.1

4.9
5. 1

3.5
J.4
-1.4
•

}.5

-

1.8

4, 1
3.3
3.7
4.0
5.2
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.'4
3.5

Quits

1970................
1971
•• • • • • • • • • • • •
1972•••••.•••••••...
1973........
1974.
1975••••••••••••••••
1976.•••-••.........
1977.........
-.
1978.......

2. 1
1. 8
2-3
2.8
2-4
1.4
1.7
1.8
2. 1
2.0

1980................

1. 5

2.0
1.5
1.9
2.5
2.3
1.0
1.6
1.6
1.8
1.9
1.6

1.6
2.0
2.5
2.4
1. 1
1.7
1.7
2.0
2.0
1.5

1.5
1.4
1. 1
•8
1.3
2.9
1.0
1.4
.9
. 8
1.2

1.6
1.4
1. 1
.8
1.1
2.5
1. 1
1.0
.9
.8
1.3

1.7
1-4
1.0
.7
.9
2. 1
1. 1
. g
•8
.9
2-3

2. 1

2.0
.9
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.6

2.1
1.8

2. 8

3.5
4.0
3.3
2.1
2.5
2.8

2.2
2.8
2.6
1.5
1.9
1.9
2.1
2.0

3.6
4.6
4.0
2.5
3.5
3.3

3.1

2.3

1-7
1 < P
9
. fl

1-7

1. 1
I.3
1. 1
i n

1.2

2. 8
3. 1

2.7

>. 3

.4
1.2
• .2

1.5
1.7
1.6

1.2
1.2
1.6
1.6
' 1.0
.9
1.0
1.2
1.3
1.1

Layoff
1970.....
1971................
1972.......•••••••••
1973 - • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
1974................
1975.•••••••••••••••
1976
1977.......•••••••••
1978................
1979..
1980................

154




1.8
1.6
1. 1
. 9
1. 5
2.1
1.3
1. i
.9
1. 1

1.7
1.9
1.5
1. 1

1. 8
4.0
1.6
1.7
1-2

1. 1
1.6

1.2
.9

.7
.8
1.8
.9
• 8

.7
.7

2. 1

1.7
1.4
1.4
2.0
1.6
1.5
1. 1
1.4

1. 3

P2.5
NOTE: See note to table C-1u

1.5
.9
• 8
1.5
1. 3
I 1
.8
1. 1

i

1

1.2

1.5

1.0
1 .1

2.8
1.7
1.5

2.2
1.8
1.3
1.6
3.6
•1.9

1.8

1.1

1.5

1 .0
1.5

1.4
1.7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
LABOR TURNOVER
D-2. Labor turnover rates, by industry
Separation rates
1972
SIC
Co*

Apr.
1980

Apr.
1980

May p
1990^

0.8

1.0

4.7

.9

4.7

1. 1

4.6

10.2
12.0
12.8
11.4
14.1
6.9
11.9
13.3
6.0

6.5

5.0
5.2
4.2
5.4

Apr.
1980

May
1980

MANUFACTURING.

3.1

3.3

2.1

2. 1

24. 25,
3239
20-23,
26-31

DURABLE GOODS

....

2.7

2.8

1.7

1.6

.7

NONDURABLE GOODS.

3.8

4. 1

2.6

2.8

.9

24
242
2421
243
2431
244

4.2
3.6
3. 4
3.2
2.3
5.5
6.2
6.5
3.7

5.5

2.3
2.0
1.6
1.7
1.5
4.0
4.4
5.5
2.7

2.3

1.7
1.2
1.2
1.4
.8
1.5
1.7

249

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wooden containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

25
251
2511
2512
2515
252
254

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Partitions and fixtures

3. 3
3.4

3.2

2.7
2.8
3.1
2.4
2.3
2.4
3.6

2.3

32
322
3221

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS .
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown . . .
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products .
Misc. nonrhetallic mineral products

3.6

1.8
.9
.9
1.0
1.3

1.8

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.1
2,2
1.4
1.5
1.4
1.3
1. 1
2.4
2.5

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades.
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forging* and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

3.0
3.8
3. B
2.5
1.8
3.0
1.7
3.3
4.0
3.2
2.5
3.7
2.3
2.5
2.1
2.9
2.8
3.3
2.8
4.5
2.1
2.7
2.8
3.0

p

Hay
1980

p

Apr.
1980

Kay p
1980

Apr,
19 80

May p
1980

Apr.
1980

May a

1980

1.5

1.5

2.3

2.5

5.0

1.2

1.2

2.6

2.9

4.6

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.9

2.5
2.1
1.9
2.2
1.8
3.9
4.8
5.5
2.6

2.1

*.6
9.0

3.4

5.6

2.2
2.5
2.6
2.3
2.0
1.8
2.3

2.2

1.8
1.7
.6
2.2
1.8
1.5
1.9

2.4

• 4.5 5 . 6
2.8
2.8
2.7
6.0
2.4
7.1
4.3
4.8
4.2

1.3
.7
.7

1.3

2.3
1.3
1.4
1.1
3.5
1.8
4.1
2.3
1.9
2.6

3.3

.5

2.4
2-4
2.5
2.9
3.8
1.3
.4
1.6
3.7
.7
1.9
4.1
4.9

5.0

1.3

3.6
4.2
5.0
5.0
2.8
7.0
5-2
2.7
1.8
5.3
.9
4.6
2.7
3.1
2.3
5.7
3.2
10-8
3.4
2.8
1.0
2.6
.9
5.4

3.5

4.8

DURABLE GOOOS

245
2451

3229
323
324
325
326
327
329
33
331
3312
332
3321
3325
333
335
3351
3353
3357

336
3361
34
341
3411
342
3423.5

3429
343
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
345
3451
3452

346
3462
3466
3469
347
348
349

3494

3. a
3.0
2.9
2.7
4.6
3.8

2.0
1.9
2.1
3.8
.9
4.0
2. a

.9
.9

-6
2.1
1.6
3.0
1.2

6.5
2.0

.9
.4
.3

.9
.6
.7
.9
1.6
1.7
1.9
1.2
1.0
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.2
2.4
3.1
2.0
1.8
2.9
1.9
2.1
1.7
1.4
1.5
.2
2.2
3.2
1.2
1.8
1.8
2.1

.4
.4
.2
.4
.5
.2

.7

4.1
5.3

1.6
.7
.8
.6
1.6
.2
1.9
.7
3.4
.7

3.8
3.5
3.5
4.9
6.0
3.2
1.3
2.8
5.2
1.2
3.0
6.4
7.3

.8
1.2
1.3
.5
.6
.4
.1
.4
.6
.6
.1
.5
.5

•1.3
1.1
1.7
1.2

3.1

3.1

1.8

.9
2. 1
2.4
1. 1
.4
1.7
.5
.8
.7
1.2

.6
.8
.3
.3
.3
1.2
1.2
2.3
.5
1.2
.5
.8
.8

.9

1.1

6.3

5.9
5.8
6.4
7.0
4.7
9.0
8.1
5.5
5.0
8.2
2.8
7.7
5.0
5.6
4.4
7.5
4.4
12.0
6.0
6.2
2.1
4.8
2.8
8.5

5.6

10.0

8.2
11.1
2.0
5.5

5.9
2.4

.6
1.0
.2
2.3
1.3
2.0
.9

.6
.3
.2
1.1
1.1
1.0
.3

.6
.7
.2
.5
1.5

1.5
1.5
.8

.6
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.6
1.8
2.2
2.0
1.2
2.1
1.5
1.8
1.2
1.0

.6
.6
1.5
2.3
.6
1.4
1.1
2.1

See footnotes at end of table.




155

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
LABOR TURNOVER
D-2. Labor turnover rates, by industry - Continued

1972
SIC
Code

Hay
1«8C

Apr,
1980

2.0
1.R
1.9
1.7
i.R
1.7
1.7
.9
3.2
1.9
1.5
2.4
1.9
1.8
1.7
2.0
1.8
1.3
2. i
1.9
2.0
2.0
2. 3
2.2
3.2

2.1

1.6

2.6
2.6
2. 1

2.5

Apr.
1980

35
351
3511
3519

352
3523
353
3531
3533
354
3541
3544
3545
355
3551
3552

356
3561

3562
3564
357
3573
358
3585

359
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621

3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643

365
3651

366
3661
3662
367
3671-3

3674
3679

New him

Tot*

MACHINERY. EXCEPT ELECTRICAL . . .
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets . .
Internal combustion engines, nee . . .
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery . . . .
Construction machinery
Oil field machinery
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types . . .
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures . .
Machine tool accessories
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment . . . .
Ball and roller bearings
Blowers and fans
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment . . . .
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment.
Misc. machinery, except electrical
ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT .
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus . . .
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
'ndustrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment .
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Engine electrical equipment

11.0

.5
3.1
2.3
1.8
2.1
4.3
'3.9

2.0
1.3
2.3
1.0
1.6
2.7
3.3
1.9
1. 3

381
382
3822
3823
3825

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity

2. a
2.4
2.3
2.3
2,1
2.2

See footnotes at end of table.

156




4.3

2.8

2.0
2.2
1.8
1.5
1.9
1.7

.5
.5
.3
1.6

.5
.3
.6
.4
.4
.4
1.8
7.3
.1
.3
.2
.1
.1
1.2
.5
.1

.1
.1
.3
.1
.2
.3
.7
.5

.2
.1
.1
•3

O)

Kay
19 B0

3.4
5.7
2.1
7.1
5.9
5.8
?.7
2.9
2.2
?.8
1.7
3.9
2.2
2.3
1.9
3.2
3.2
2.3
5.4
3.2
2.2
2.1
6.2
7.4
3.7

3.7

4.3

Apr.
1960

Hay p

1.0
•4
.3
.5
1.0
1.0
.9
,.5
1.4
1.0
.6
1.1
1.2
i.O
.9
1.4
.9
.9
•6
1.4
1.1
1.0
•9
.9
1.7

1.0

1.6
4.0
.3
5.5
4.0
3.9
1.2
1.9
<1>
1.2
.4
2.0
.3

1.9

1.2
1.2
.8
1.5

1.2

1980

1.7
1.2
4.1
1.2
.4
.3
4.2
5.2
1.1

4.5

.8
•6
.5
1.4

8.4
10.6

2.2
7.1
7.7
.5
.7
.2
.2
4.6
3.2

.5
1.2
.8

.6
.4
1.*
1.9
1.5
3.4
.4

7.9
5.7
16.5

2.8
1.2
1.2

10.2

•6
.6
3..?

1.0
.1
.1

2?3

13.5

2.2

1.2
3.4
5.8

.5

1.8
1.6
1.2
2.9

1.3
1.1
.8
1.4
2.0
3.2
.7
2.4
2.8
.7
1.0
2.3
.5

.9
•8
.7
.4
.5
.3
.8
.4
.2

1.1
1.9
.9
1.2
2.4
.8

8.7
9.7

1980

.6
.5
.9

.9
.5

4.4

2.6
2.0
2.6
3.7
2.3
1.9

Bay p
1980

Apr.

.8
1.0
1.1
.5
.2
2.1
1*3
•6
1.3
1.2
.9

12.1

.3

p

.9

6.2
10.0

1.1
1.6
2.3
.7
.9
1.8
.1
.1
(1)
.2
2.3
2.3
2.2
1,2
.2
.2
2.8
.2.3

Apr.
1980

3.5
?.5
2.9
3.9
3.7
4.9
2.5
5.1
7.7
1.5
4.0
4.5
2.2
3.0
3.5
3.4
1.9
1.4
2. 1
3.5
2.0
2.1
4.6
5.0
7.1

0,4

.1

1.1
.3
.2
1.4
.3
.7
1.5
.9
1.2
3.4
2.5
2.5
2.7
.8
1.7
1.8
1.2

2.6
2.5
3.2
2.3
1.8
2.6
1.8
1.2
1.5
3.7
5.0
4.9
5.0
2.7
2.3
2. a

0.2
.3
.2
.3
.3
.2
.2
.3
.1
.2
•4
. 1
. 1
.1
.2
.3
.1
.2
.2
.1

1.6
1.3
1.1
1.2
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.5
1.3
2.7
1.7
1.5
.9
2.0
1.3
1. 1
1.5
1.4
1.7
.3
2.3
1.7
1.1
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.5
1.0
1.8
2.5
1.0
2.3
2.P
1 .0
.5

Apr. May p
1980 -980

P)

r.5

.1.0

379

1.5

.9
.5
1.3
1 .3
1.3
.5
3.0
1.6
1.4
1.8
1.7

2.1
2.0
2. U
3.9

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories .
Truck trailers and motor homes
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts . . .
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing . . .
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts . . .
Guided missiles and space vehicles . . .
Miscellaneous transportation equipment

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715,6
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761

May p
198CF

Total

9.3

1.2
1.3
1.2
1.0
1.1
1.3

1.4

.6
.2
.6
1.8
.5
.1

1.2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
LABOR TURNOVER
D-2. Labor turnover rates, by Industry-Continued
Separation rat**

1*72
SIC

Total
Apr.
19R0

383
3841
3842

387

391
393
394

3942.4
3949
395

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS—Cont'd
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, docks, and watchcases

3.2
3.5
3.0
3.4
1. 2
3.7

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Miscellaneous manufactures

4.4
3,0
2,5
6.4
7.0
5.8
3.3
5.0
3.5

Kay p
19.90

Apr,
1980

May
1930

2.8
2.8
3.1
2.7
2.7
.9
1,6

2.9

4.0

p

Apr.
1980

May j
1930

P)

0)

2.0

2.6

3.2
4.3
2.4
2.0
B.4
2.6
4.9
2.0
2.1
2.3
1.3
1.8
1.9
3.0
1.1
3.9
3.5

3.8

y}
1980

2.3
3.1
3.2
3.0
3.3
1.7
5.2

0.2
.2
.2
.3

3.1
1.8
1.7
4.9
5.3
4.6
2.5
3.4
2.5

Apr.
19 80

.9
.5
1.5

.9

flay
1980

1.3
1.7
2.0
1.4
1.8
.5
1.5

5.0
4.6
6.3
5.3
4.7
5.9
3.2
5.3
5.0

1,0
1.1
.5
1.2
1.5

Apr.
1980

5.9

6.0
6.1
3.9
4.2
9.8
3.2

5.6

1.9

Apr.
1960

Way p
1980

0.6
.5
.5
.5
.5
.6
3.0
1.9

2.0
1.9
3.4
2.0
•8
3.0
.5
2.2
2.1

3.0

2-3

2.9
1.3
1.5
2.3
.5
1.0
7.9
1.8
.8
.2
3.1
5.2
1.4
1.6
4.2
.3
7.0

2.4

1^7
2.2
2.9
1.6
1.7
2.3
1.7

NONDURABLE GOODS

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
203
204
206
2051
2062
205
207
208
2082
2096
209

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS . . .
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats .
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Preserved fruit* and vegetables
Grain mill products
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products . .
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products . . .
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products . . . .

21
211

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

22
221
222
223
224
226
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
227
228
229

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool .
Narrow none roiiis
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks .
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Miscellaneous textile gcods

2.6
2.0
4.0
4.0
3.0
4.1
4.4
4.6
3.3
4.7
4.9
3.4
5.4
3.8
2.5
5.3
2.6

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
234
2341
2942
236
238

APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS.
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys'work dotting
Woman's and misses' outerwear
women s ano cnwiren s unuergarrrwrni
Women s and children s underwear
Brassiere* and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products

5.2
5.5
5. 1
4.9
4.0
5.7
5.3
3.9
4. 1
3.1
6.3
5.4
5.3

5.4

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS .
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper .

2.2
1.5
1.4

2.6

26U.6

6.3
6.1
4.6
3.7
9.5
3.3
11.2
2.3
2.5
2.6
2.1
5.1
2.5
4.5
4.5
4.4
6.7

2.3

2.9

12.1
4.1
2.6
2.1
4.8
7.5
3.6
4.0
5.0
3.5
10.5

2.3
3.8
1.6
1.2
7.9
1.6
2.8
1.6
1.3
1.4
1.0
1.4
1.6
1.6
.2
2.3
2.8

1.0
.2

2.8
1.3

.3
.1

.6
1.4
3.2
.4

.8
.8
3.8

1.8
1.4
1.8
1.6
.3
c
5*5
.7
.3
.2
.7
3.2

3.2
3.1
2.5
3.2
?.O
3.6
3.1
4.2
3.6
2.8
4.2
3.2
1.8
4.4
1.9

2.9

3.6
2.6
4.1
3.7
3.6
4.9
3.4
2.7
2.7
2.5
4.2
3.5
3.5

3.4

1.3
•8
.8

1.6

4.8
4.0
4.1
5.3
6.0
4.9
4.2
5.3
4.5
3.3
6.4
4.2
5.0
6.0
5.2

4.8

1.7

5.9
4.6
4.9
4.5
4.6
5.5
5.9
4.8
5.0
3.9
7.0
6.8
7.8

.8

2.9
1.5
1.1

.5
.2
.2
.7
1.2
.8
.2
.4
1.0
.3
1.1
.3
.4
.6
.5

.5

1.4

2.6
.8
.9
.3
.7
1.6
1.1

1.3
.4
1.9
1.7
1.7

.7
•6
.5'

1.5
.1

2.6
2.6
2.4
2.8
2.3
2.7
2.9
3.1
2.7
2.5
3.0
2.1
1.9
3.8
1.9

2.4

6.1

2.9
1.8
3.4
3.2
3.2
4.1
2.6
2.8
2.9
2.2
3.3
2.6
2.7

2.9

2.2
1.9
.8
.6
.8
.8
2.5
1.4
1.5
.9
2.9
3.3
3.8

2.4

3.0

.9
.3
.3

.9

1.3
•8
•4

1.5

1.1
.1
.5
1.5
3.0
1.3

1.3

.4
1.6
.9
.1
2.0
1.1
2*2
.9
2.4

Sw footnotes at end of table.




157

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
LABOR TURNOVER
D-2. Labor turnover rates, by industry—Continued
Separation r a * t
1972
SIC
Cod*

Industry

Apr.
1D80

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Contim
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes

263
264
265
2651
2653
27
271
272
273
274
275
2751
2752
278

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress . .
Commercial printing, lithographic
Blankbooks and bookbinding

ay

p

9 80

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
Petroleum refining'.
Paving and roofing materials

2.5
1.6
6.7

1.2
1.0
1.0
.7

1.5
1. 1
1.2
.9
1. 1
.5
1.7
1.3
2.4
1.P
2.9
1.7'

29
291
295
30
301
302
303.4

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and.plastics footwear
,
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose

and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

306
307
31
311
314
31433144

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS .
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic .

p

3.3

2.2
.2
5.2

7.0
7.1
7.4
7.0
7.6

6.6

way p
1980

Apr.
1980

3.3

1.8
2.4
1.7
1,7
1.9
1.4
1.4
1.4
2.2

2.1

.6
.5
.4
.5
.6
.3
.7
.7
.8
.3

2.8

.3
.1
4.0

.5

2.7
1.2
9.6

2.5

.7
.4
1.9

.6

2.0

.3
.3
1.6

1.0

6.8
4.6
7.1

6.9

1.9
.3
4.2

1.8

1.4
1.2
1.3
1.5
1.0
1.3
1,4
2.7
2.2
3.0
3.0
1.1
2.6
2.8

5.1
4.1
5.9
5.8
5.5

5.0

1.4

0.8

.9

1.1

1.5
.9
1.2
.3
.8
1.5
.4

1.3

3.7
3.4
1.6

4.1

6.7

3.9
3.5
3.9

6.9
6.8
6.6
6.6
6.6

7.2

3.8
2.3
4.3
4.6
3.8

3.4

1.6

.7
.2
.2
1.1
.3
1.1
1.1
1.1

.6
.4
.4
•4
.4
.3
.2
.3

1.4

2.8
.9
.4

Hay p
1980

1.9

1.0
1.3
2.4

5.9
7.5

.8
.8

1.9

1.0
1.0
.4
1.2

5.5

.9

Apr.
1980

1.1
1.1
2.1
2.5
1.7

.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
1.0
.4
.1
.1
.3
.2

1.4

p

1980 n

0.5
1.3
1.1
1.0
1.0

2.1
3.2
4.1
4.3
3.5
3.1
3.1
2.5
3.4
2.8
3.1
3.0
3.2
4.8

nay

.3

.7
1.4
2.8

1.8
2.5
3-8

Apr.
1980

0.5

1.3
1.7
1.5
2.6

lay p
980

.3
.1
.1
.6
.2
.5
•5
.5
.6

2.6

.9
.3

3.5

Apr.
1980

0.8
.6
.7
.9
.4

1.4
1.4
1.7
.8
2.3
1.3
.7
2.8

.9
3.2
1.6

3.2
.9
7.8

Hay
1980

1.1

2.4
2.9
2.4
2.6
2.2
2.1
2.0
2.2
2.5

2.*
3. 1
2.6
3.3
2.4
2.7
2.5
2.8
3.3

287
289

pr.
980

1.0
1.9
1.4
1.4

2,7
2.2
2.4
1.6

CHEMICALS AND A L L I E D PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2844

Layoff!

Total

2.1
3.6
1.2
.8
1.6

2.7

NONMANU F ACTUR ING:
5. 1

5.7

3.8

4.4

.8

1.0

3.9

4.9

2.6

2.8

METAL MINING
Iron ores
Copper ores . .

2.4
3.2
1.5

4.1

1.5
.3

3.0

.4
1.3

.3

2.1
2.3
1.0

2.U

1.1
•3
.4

1.4

BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE MINING

1.7

1.5

.5

1.4

3.6

.5

.5

Ol L AND GAS EXTRACTION
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and
natural gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

7.4

8.5

1.0

5.8

6.5

4.2

MINING
10
101
102

13
131,2

NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel

14
142
144

2. 1
11.0

4.7
5.5
6.6

.1

1.2

4.0

.9
6.1
1.6
9.2
2.2
2.0
2.9

.7
7.1

•6
.7

1.8

2.3
3.4
3.2

COMMUNICATION:
Telephone communication

Less than 0.05.

158




1.0

.8

(1)

2.1

2.8
2.0
4.4
.7

•2

•5

2.6

.a

.2

(D

.9
6.4

1.5
8,7

(1)
1.1

•9
.2
.5

3.0

1.3
1.0
1.5
.3

1.0

1.4

.7
1.5
.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED LABOR TURNOVER

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED LABOR TURNOVER

D-3. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1970 to date, seasonally adjusted
[Per 100 employees]
Year

.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Oct.

Aug.

Sept.

3.9
4.0

3.9
4.0

3.8
3.9

4.5
4.6

4. 5
4.8
4.0
3.9
3.7
3.9
4.2
3.9

3.8
3.8
3.7
4.0
4.3
4.1

2.6
2.6
3.4
3-8
3.0
2.4
2.5
2.8
3.2
2.8

2.5
2.5
3.6
3.9
2.7
2.3
2.4
2.9
3.3
2.9

4.8
4.3
4.3
4.5

5.0

4.7

4.1
4.1
4.7
4.8
3.8
3.8

4.1

Nov.

Dec.

• W M I •OGOTMOni

1970................
1971
1973................
1974............. ...
1S75................
1976..
1S77................
1978................
1979................
1980................

New him
1970................
1971.....
1973..........••••..
1974..••••...•.•.•..
1 975.
1976
1977................
1979................
1980................

4.4

4.4

3.8

3.7

4.0
3.7

4.0
3.8

4.1
3.8

4.1
3.8

5.0
4,7
3.0
4.2
4.0

5.2

5.1

4.9

4.6

4.5
3.2
4.2
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.6

4.6

4.8
4.5
3.7
4.0

4.7
4.3
3.8
3.8
4.0
4.0
4.0

4.3
4.0
3.9
4.0
4.0

2.8
2.5
3.2
3.8
3.3
1.9
2.7
2.8
3.0
3.0

2.8
2.6
3.2
3.7
3.3
2.3
2.7
2.8
3.0
2- 8

5.0
4.2
4.2
4.6
4.6
4.6
3.7

4.8

4.5
4.2
4.5
4.9
4.5
4.0
3.9

3.8
3.9

3. 7
3.9
4. 1

4. 1
4.2
3.9

3.3
2.4
3.0
4.0
3.8
1.6

2,6
2.7
3.0
3.2
2.8

3.2
4.1
4.4
3.9
4. 1

3.9

3,2
2.4
3.1
4.2
3.7
1.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.2
2.8

2.9
2.4
3.2
4. 1
3.6
1.5

2.9
2.8
3.0

3. 1
2.5

3.6
4.0
4.0
4.2
4.0
3.0

2.8
2.5
3.2
4.0
3.5
1.7
2.8
2.9
3.1
3.0
2.1

4.0
4.0
4.0

4.1
3.8

4.3
4.6

3.9

4.1
4.0

3.8
3.9
4.1
3.9

4.6
4.8

3.7

3.8

4.0
•i -7
4.7
5.0
3.3

4.2
1 0
1
4.V
4.7

3^8
3.8
4.1
4.3
4.0

3.1
3.8
3.9
4.4
4.4
3.9

P2.9

2.7
2.5
3.3
4.0
3.5
1.8
2.7
3.0
3.0
3,0

2.7
2.6
3.3
3.7

3. 1
2.3
2.6
2.8
3.1
2.8

2.4

2.7
3.7
4.1

2.3
2.4
2.5
2-9
3.4
2.9

2.4
2.9
4.0
3.8
1.9
2.5
2.6
3.2
3.4
2-9

P1.8

Total separations
1970................
1971................
1972................
1973.... . . . . . . . . . . .
1974................
1975................
1976,
1978................
1979................
1980................

5.0
4.3
4*2
4.6

5. 1
5.2
3.6

3.9
3.8

5.2
4. 1
4. 1

4.7
5.0
5. 1
3.6
4. 1

3.8

4.9
4.0
4.2
4.8

5.2

4.9
4.6
3.8

4.7
4.6
3.9

3.8
3.8

3.7
4.0
4. 1
$. 3

3.9

4. 1

4.0
4.0

2.4
1.8

2.5
1.7

2.3
1.7
2.2

4.0

4.3

4.1

4.2
4.6

4.0

4. 1
4.5
4.7
4.5
4.3
3.9

4.8
4.6
4.2
4.6
4.8

3.9
4.0

4.4
3.8
3.9

4.3
4.8
5.2
3.8
3.6

3.9
3.9

3.-8
';,.!

3.8
3.9

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.1

2. 1
1.8
2.2
2.7
2.5

2.0

1.9
1.8

1.8
1.9

2.2
2.7

2.0
1.8
2.3
2.7

2.3

2.5
2.9

2.4
1.5

2.2
1.4

4.4
4.1
4.4
4.8
4.9

3.5
3.6

3.9
4.1
4.0

P5.7

Quits
1970................
1971................
1972................

1973i...............
1974................
1975................
1976............. ...
1977................

1978................
1979................
1980................

2. 1

2. 1

2.8

2.9
2.8
1.3

2.7
1.4
1.6
1.8
1.9
1.9

1.7
1.8
1.9
2m2
1.9

1.5
1-7
1.2
.9
1.4
2.9
1.2
1.3
1.0
.9
1.3

1.7
1.5
1.2
.8
1.3
3.0
1.0
1.5
1.0
.9
1.3

2.2

2.9

2.7

2.3
1.7
2.2
2.8
2.6

2.1

2,2

1.8

1.8

2.2

2.2
2. 8
2.5

2.8

2.6
1.3

2.0

1.2
1.8
1.8
2.1

2. 1

2. 1

1.9

1 5

1.9
1.6
1.2
.9
1.1
2.5
1.2

1.4
1.8

2.9
2.0
1.5
1.6
1.9

1.8

1.6
1.5
1*9
2.2
2.0

1.9

1-9
2.6
2.7
1.7
1.5
1.6
2-0
2«2
1.9

P1.4

1.9

1.4
1.7
1.8

1.8

1.2
1.8

1.8

1.7
1.9

2.0
2.0

2.1
2.0

1. 8
2. 1
1.9

1.7

1-7

1.9

1.9

2.1
2.0

2. 1

2. 2

1.9

2.0

1.9
2.0
1.1
1.0
1.4
1.6
1.4
1.2

1-9
1.7
1.0
.9

2.2
1.5
1.0
.8
1.8
1.5

Uyeffc
1970.................
1971................
1973......... . . . . . . .
1974................
1975................
1976................
1977................
1978................
1979.•••...•.•••.••.
1980




1.8
* 1.5
1.1
.9
1.2
2.7
1.2
1.2
1.0
.9
1.5

1.5
1.2
.8
1.1
2.6
1.3
1. 1

1. 1

1.0
1. 1

1.0
1.0

2.9

1.9

1.5 .
1.4
.9

1. 1
2.2
1.3
1. 1
.9
1.2

1.5
1.5
1.4
1.2
1. 1
1.7*
1.3
1.2
.9

1.3
1.7

1.4
1.1
.8
1.2

1.4
1.0

2.0
1.4
.9
1.0
2.5
1.5
1.3
1.0

.9
1.2

1.3

1.7
1.3
.9
1.1
2.5
1.3
1.2
1.0
1.0
1.2

P3.5

1. 1

.9
1.4

.9

NOTE: In accordance with usual practice, BLS nas revised establishment survey data
to reflect a new benchmark and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Because of
these revisions, data beginning In 1975 may differ from data published earlier. See article In this issue for additional information.

159

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA LABOR TURNOVER
D-4. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas
[ Per 100 employees ]
Accession rates

New hires

State and a

1980
ALABAMA:
Birmingham
Mobile

2.7
7.5

1.9
5.3

1.3
4.3

Quits

total

Mar.
Mar. Apr... Mar.
1980* 1980 19801 1980 198OP 1980
1.2
3.6

0.9
3. 1

0.5
1.7

(*)

2.5
4.0

Apr._ Mar.
1980 p 1980

3.3
4.8

Layoff*

Apr-, Mar. Apr..1980^ 1980 l$80 p

0.7
1.9

0.9
1.7

0.9
1.4

1.6
1.8

(*)

(*)

ALASKA

(*)

(*)

(*)

(*)

(*)

(*)

(*)•

(*)

(*)

ARIZONA
Phoenix

4.2
4.3

3.8
3.7

3.7
3.8

3.2
3.2

.4
.4

.5
.4

3.7
3.8

3.7
3.7

2.1
2.3

ARKANSAS
Fort Smith
Little Rock—North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

4.6
3.7
4.6
3.0

4.0
3.3
3.2
2.2

3.5
2.4
3.0
2.2

3.0
1.8
2.4
2.0

.8
.7
1.3
.5

.6
.6
.5
.1

5.0
4.8
3.9

3. 1

6.4
6.7
4.4
4. 1

CALIFORNIA

4.5

3.7

3.2

2.6

1. 1

.8

4. 1

COLORADO
Denver—Boulder

(*)
(*)

3

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

CONNECTICUT
Hartford

2.7
2.9

2.2
2.5

2.1
2.4

1.7
2. 1

.3
.2

DELAWARE
Wilmington

2.6
1.6

7.6
7.8

1.6
.7

1. 1
.8

FLORIDA
Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood —
Jacksonville
,
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa—St. Petersburg
West Palm Beach—Boca Raton .,

5.0
6. 1
3.3
5. 1
4. 1
2.6
4.7
5.2

4.5
6.8
4.4
4.4
3.5
2.5
4.7
5.5

4.3
5.6

GEORGIA

3.9
3.2

3.3

Atlanta \
HAWAII ?
IDAHO.3

1.7
3.4

2.4

2.4
6.1

2.1
2.0

.5
.5

.8
.8

2.8
1.8
2. 1
1.7

2.7
1.7
2.0
2.2

1.2
1.9
.7
.5

2.7
3.8
1.7
1.1

4.8

1.9

1.7

1.2

2. 1

(*)
(*).

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

3

(*)
(*)

.3
.2

2.3
1.9

2.9
1.9

1.2
1.2

1. 1
1.1

.5
.2

1.2
.2

.5
.5

6. 1
6.7

2.3
2.3

7.7
7.5

.9
.5

1.2
.6

.6
1.1

5.9
6.4

2. 1
4.7
3.5
2.4
4.0
4.8

3.8
6.5
2.6
4.0
3.2
2.3
3.7
4.7

.5
.3
1. 1
.4
.3
. 1
.7
.3

.6
.2
1.8
.4
.2
.2
.9
.7

5.4
5.8
4. 1

3.1
3.7
1,8
3.2
3.2
1.3
3.3
2.9

2.9
4.5
1.9
2.9
2.2
1.0
3.4
3.2

1.3
.5
1.5
1. 1
.4
.5
1.3
1.6

1.8
2.0
1.1

5. 1
4.3
2. 1
5.6
6.4

5.9
8.0
3.9
5.9
4.0
1.5
5.6
7.7

3. 1
2.4

2.6
1.8

.6
.5

.4
.3

3.4
2.4

3.7
2.2

2.2
1.5

2. 1
1.0

.3
.2

.7
.4

1.3

1.4

.3

.9

2.7

3.7

1.2

1.4

.5

1.6

1.8

1.7

1.4

3.9

7. 1

15.8

1.4

1.4

4.7

12.5

1.8
1.0
2.4
.2
1.8

1.6
.7
1.0
.4
1.4

.7
. 1
.6
1.6
.6

.4
.4
.5
.3
.2

3. 1
3.7
2.6
2.5
2.7

3.5
3.0
4.3
3.4
3.0

1. 1
.8
.7
.6
1.1

1.2
.6
.5
.5
1.0

1.0
1.6
.6
1.3
.9

1.3
1.8
2.7
2.5
1.4

1. 1
.9

.9
.5

3.9
3.5

4.7
3.8

.8
.8

.7
.9

2.0
2.0

3.1
1.8

2/1
,9

.1
1.1
3.2

ILLINOIS:
Chicago SMSA
Davenport—Rock Island—Moline
Decatur
Peoria
Rockford
INDIANA4
Indianapolis?

2.7
1.4
3,2
2.0
2.6
2.7
2.5

2.2
2.4

1. 1
1.2

.8
1.3

IOWA
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines

2.7
2.0
2.3

2.0
1.7
1.9

1.5
1. 1
1.0

1. 1
1.0
.8

1.0
.7
.4

.7
.5
.4

3.9
2.2
4.3

4.3
2.8
7. 1

1.0
.7
.9

.9
.8
.9

2.2
1. 1
1.5

2.8
1.6
4.6

KANSAS
Topeka
Wichita

3.9
3. 1
3.9

3. 1
5. 1
2.6

3. 1
2.7
3.2

2.4
2.5
2.2

.5
.4
.6

.6
2.6
.2

4.7
3.2
6.8

5.4
5.4
5.1

2.4
1.4
2.9

2.2
1.7
2.1

1.3
1.2
2.2

2.1
2.7
L9

KENTUCKY
Lexington—Fayette
Louisville

4.4
2.5
5.2

2.8
1.7
1.9

1.4
1.4
.7

1.3
1.0

2.7
.7
3.9

1. 1
.3
.9

4.1
4.9
2.2

5.0
3.5
4.0

1. 1
1.0
.5

.9
.8
.4

2.1

3.3
2.0
2.5

LOUISIANA:
New Orleans

4.5

4.0

4.0

3.4

.4

.3

4.6

4.4

2.3

2.2

.8

.9

MAINE
Portland

4.4
3.3

4.8
3.3

3.2
2.9

3.7
2.8

.9
.2

.8
.2

4.8
3.6

5.6
4.1

2.4
2.0

2.5
2.3

1.6
.7

2.2
.8

MARYLAND
Baltimore

2.8
2.7

2.9
2.7

1.7
1.5

1.7
1.5

.9
1. 1

1.0
1.0

2.9
2.7

3.2
3.2

1.1
.8

1.0
.8

1.2
1.2

1.5
1.6

See footnotes at end of table.

160



2.3
1.3
1.8
.8
1.7

.6

2.9
.7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA LABOR TURNOVER
D-4. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas—Continued
[ Per 100 employees ]
Accession rates
State and area

Mar. Apr. Mar. Apr. Mar.
1980 198QP 1980 1980 p 1980

MASSACHUSETTS
Boston

3.7
3.1

a

MICHIGAN
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Lansing—East Lansing

2.9
2.4
2.0
3.2
3.8

2.5
2.3
1.6
3.2
1.4

MINNESOTA
Minneapolis-St. Paul

3. 1
2.8

2.6
2.4

MISSISSIPPI:
Jackson

3.2

MISSOURI

KansasClty
St. Louis
MONTANA
NEBRASKA

Separation rates
Layoffs

Total

a

.8
.7

.7
.6
.1
,7
.3

3.5
3.2
6.5
3.2
1. 1

3.0
2.4
1.4
3.8
1.2

.6
.5
.2
.8
.3

1.0
.9
.4
1.6
.5

2.3
2.1
5.4
1.7
.4

1.3
.8
.1
1.3
.1

.5
.3

.5
.3

3.5
3.0

4.3
3.5

1.7
1.7

1.6
1.5

1.2
.8

2. 1
1.3

2.6

.5

.5

3.5

3. 1

1.9

1.9

.4

.3

2.0
2.0
1.3

1.8
2.0
1.3

.9
.6

.7
.5
.7

3. 1
3.0
2.9

4.5
5.8
3.5

1.3
1.4

1.4
1.5

2.4
3.3
2.0

1.0

.8

1.2
1.0
1.6

.6

2.8

19.7

.8

.9

1.5
.7

18.6

.8

.8

1.6

.8

.9

.7

1.6

1.6
1.5
1. 1
2.0
.5

2.5
2.4

1.9
1.9

3.2

2.4

3. 1
2.8
2.4

2.7
2.6
2.3

1.6

1.6

NEVADA

6.3

4.3

4.6

4.5

prn
1980p

1.6
1.2

1.5
1.4
1.3
2.2
1.0

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Mar.

(*)
(*)

.5
.4

2.6

Apr. Mar. Apr.
1980?

3.3
2.8

2.8
2.4

.*)
•)

2.9

P -r, Mar.
1980 p

A r

.5
.5
.1
.8
.1

2.5

2. 1

5.7

4.0

3.9

1.0

(*)
(*)

.5
.4
.3

3.5

.8

2.9
3.6
3. 1
2.5
6
4.2
3.0

2.2
2.9
3. 1
2.8
2.3
3.0
2.8

1.8
2.8
1.7
1.9
2.4
2.8
1.7

1.3
2.4
1.7
1.6
1.7
2.0
1.7

NEW YORK
Albany—Schenectady—Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Monroe County 7
Nassau—Suffolk*
New York and Nassau—Suffolk
New York SMSA.8
NewYorkClty ?
Rochester
Syracuse
Utlca—Rome
Westchester County ?

3.3
2.9
2.0
2.8
2.2
1.6
3.9
4.2
4.3
4.7
1.9
2.3
2.4
2.2

2.9
2.4
2.5
1.7
2.5
1.5
3.8
3.4
3.2
3.5
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.0

2.0
1.2
1.5
.9
1. 1
1.2
3.2
2.7
2.6
2.7
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.8

1.7
1.1
1.3
.7
1.5
1.1
3. 1
2.3
2.0
2. 1
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.5

1.3
1.6
1.8
.4
.6
.8
.2

NORTH CAROLINA
Charlotte—Gastonla
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point

3.8
4.9
3.0

3.5
5.4
3.3

3. 1
4.3
2.7

2.9
4.7
2.7

.4
.3
.1

.4
.4
.3

NORTH DAKOTA
Fargo—Moorhead

4.5
3.8

7.0
3.5

2.9
2.7

2.3
1.6

1.0
.6

OHIO
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton
Toledo.
Youngstown—Warren

2.5
1.5
3.0
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.2
3. 1
3.0

1.7
1.0
2.0
1.6
1.8
2.0
1. 1
1.5
1.5-

.9
.8

1.5
1.2
.6
.4

.8
.5
1.0
i. i
.9
1.4
.7
.6
.4

OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City
Tulsa.1.0.

5. 1
4.9
5.0

4.4
4.2
4.7

4.4
4.1
4.5

3.8
3.5
4.4

OREGON 4.
Eugene—Springfield *
Portland*....

4.0
2.6
4.3

3.3
2. 1
3.6

2.5
1.5
3. 1

1. 1

4.5

.5

1.3
.5
.8

1.2
1. 1
1.2
1.1
.4
1.7
.8
.2
.6

i*)

.7
.4
1.2
.3
.3
.8
.9

3.7

3.0

5.9

2.0

3.9

.2
.5

.9
.7

4.4
1.9

NEW JERSEY:
Camden6
Hackensack
Jersey City
New Brunswick—Perth Amboy—Sayreville
Newark
Paterson—Clifton—Passaic
Trenton

1.0
1.3

3.5

(*)
(*)

2.9

.6
1.8
1. 1
1.2
1.2
1.2
.7

1.9
1.4
1.2
.8
.8
1.5
.8

1.4
3.0
1.4
1.7
2.4
1.9
4. 1

1.1
.7
1.0
.4
1.0
.6
2. 1
1.4
1.2
1.3

1.3
.7
1.0
1.0

2.8
1.8
1.5
5.4
.6
1.6

6.3
5.4

3.8
4.2
3.2
2.7
3.0
3.8
2.4

2.8
5.7
3.3
3.7
4.6
3.9
5.6

.9
1.9
1.2
1. 1
1.2
1.4

3. 1
2.4
2.6
2.2
3.1
1.5
3.8
1.0 3.6
1. 1 3.6
1.3 3.8
1.9
.4
.5 3.0
2.7
.9
2.5

4.7
3.5
3.0
6.6
4. 1
2.8
3.8
5.5
6.0
6.6
3.0
4.3
3.5
2.6

1.0
.6

.9

.7
.8
.9

1. 1

3.6
5.3
2.9

4.0
5.8
3.7

4.2
1.4

8.5
7.6

6.4
13.4

(*)
(*)
*)

2.8
1.7
2.4
2.3
3.1
2.2
1.9
2.5
4.8

4. 1
3.3
3.2
2.6
3.9
2.6
4.4
3.9
5.5

1.0
.6
.8
.8
.7
.2
.6

!

.9

.9
.5
.7
.6

1.9
1.3
1.2
1.2
.7
.7

1.2
.4
.8

1.0

1.5
1.7
1.8
.7
1.7
1.2
.7

.9
3.3
4.0
4.5
1.7
2.9
2.0
1.0

2.3
3.7
2.0

2.5
4.0
2.2

.5
.6
.2

.6
.7
.6

3.4
2.7

2.6
1.9

3.2
3.8

2.8
10. 1

.6
.5
.6
.7
.8
.8
.6
.4
.3

.6
.3
.6
.8
.7
.8
.6
.3
.5

1.5
8
8
9

1.4
8
5
1.4
3.8

2.9
2.5
1.5
1.2
2.2
1.3
3.0
2.8
4.3

.4
.5
.3

.4
.4
.2

5. 1
4.7
4.9

5.8 3.7
5. 5 , 3.4
5.5 3.5

3.5
3. 1
3.4

.5
.5
.3

1.3
1.5

1.9

1.3

1.3

.9
2.4

.9

.9

1.1

7.8
4.5
5.4

1.6
.8

1.0

5.7
3.2
4.2

1.5
.8
1.8

3.2
1.4
1.4

5.6
2.9
2.8

1.8

.8

See footnotes at end o f table.




161

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA LABOR TURNOVER
D-4. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas—Continued
[ Per 100 employees ]
Accession rates
New hires
Recalls
Mar. A p r . - Mar.
P
1980
1980
1980

Total
Mar.
19&0
:
,

2.7
. . . 2. 3
3.4
2.2
2.8
1.9
, . , . . , . 2. 3
3.7
3. 0
. ..
2.2
2. 1
3.3
3.8
1.4
. .
2.9

2. 5
2.0
2. 1
2. 5
2. 5
3. 0
2. 5
3. 3
2.7
2. 1
2.6
2.9
3.8
2.2
2.4

1.4
1.4
2. 1
1. 3
1.8
.4
1.9
1.9
1.8
.7
1.4
1.9
1.7
.8
2.0

1.3
1.2
1. 5
.9
1. 5
.6
1.8
1.4
1.6
.8
1.6
1.0
1. 5
1. 5
1.6

1.0
.7
1.2
. 5
.8
1.2
.4
1.5
1.0
1. 1
.7
1.4
1. 7
CO OO

PENNSYLVANIA
Allentown—-Bethlehem—Easton
Aitoona .
. .
.
Erie
Harrisburgh
Johnstown
Lancaster
Northeast Pennsylvania
Philadelphia SMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton. }l.
Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton . I 1
WilliamsDort
York

Separation rates
Quits

Total
Mar.
l?$0

Mar.
1980

Layoffs

Apr.- Mar.
1980 p J98O

Apr._
1980 P

1.0
.6
. 5
1. 1
.9
1.9
.7
1.6
.9
1.0
.9
1.8
2. 0
. 5
.7

3. 0
2.3
4.6
2.8
2.7
4.4
3.0
3.0
3. 1
2.6
3. 5
2.9
2.9
4. 5
3. 1

3. 3
3.0
1.4
3. 5
4.3
3.2
3. 1
3.4
3.4
3. 1
4. 0
3. 3
3.4
1.7
3. 3

0.9
.9
.9
. 7
1.2
. 5
1.5
1.0
.9
. 4
1. 1
1.0
1.0
. 5
1. 3

0.8
.8
.6
.6
1.2
. 5
1.2
.9
1. 0
. 4
1.0
.9
1.0
.4
1.2

1.4
.8
2. 6
1. 1
.9
2.5
1. 0
1.4
1.4
1. 3
1.8
1.7
1.2
3.6
1.2

1.8
1.7
.6
1.9
2. 5 ,
2. 1
1.3
1.9
1. 7
2. 0
2.4
2.0
1.9
.9
1.6

1.2
1.2

4.6
4.6

5.0
5. 1

1-9
1.9

2.2
2. 1

1-9
1.9

2.0
2.2

RHODE ISLAND
Providence—Warwick—Pawtucket

4. 3
4.3

4.3
4.2

2.9
2.9

2.9
2.8

1.2
1.3

SOUTH CAROLINA
.
Charleston North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville—Spartanburg

3.6
3.6
5.0
3.9

3. 3
4.4
3.4
3.8

2.8
3. 1
3.4
3. 5

2.6
3.6
3. 1
3.3

.4
. 5
1.4
.2

.3
.6
. 1
.2

3.7
4.7
3.8
4.0

4. 1
4.3
4. 1
4.6

2. 1
1.9
2.6
2.7

2.2
2.0
2. 1
2.8

.6
1.5
.2
. 1

. 7
.7
1.0
. 5

2.4
1.8

2.4
3.9

1.6
1.4

1.2
.7

.6
.4

1. 1
3.2

3.4
3.8

4.2
4.6

1.9
1.8

1.4
1.2

. 7
1.4

1.9
2.4

TENNESSEE:
Memphis

2.9

2. 5

1.8

1.8

.9

. 5

3. 1

3.2

1. 1

1.4

1.3

1.0

TEXAS:
Dallas—Fort Worth
Houston
San Antonio

5. 1
4.2
4.8

5.5
3.9
4.4

4.5
4.0
4.5

4. 4
3.8
4.2

. 3
.2
.2

.9
. 1
.2

4.8
4. 1
4. 7

4.9
3.8
5.0

3.4
2. 7
3.2

3.3
2.5
3.2

.4
.3
. 5

.6
.3
. 5

UTAH 3.
Salt Lake City—Ogden

4.4
4.4

4.9
4.8

3.7
3.9

4.0
4.4

.6
. 4

.8
.4

4.4
4. 5

5. 1
5.3

2.6
2.8

2.8
3.0

. 7
.4

.9
. 7

3.4
2.7
3.2

2.6
2.7
2.4

2.7
2.4
2.9

2.0
2. 1
2. 0

. 5
. 1
.3

.4
.4
.4

2.6
1.8
2. 1

3. 1
2. 1
2.2

1. 3
.7
.9

1..5
1.0
1. 0

.6
.7
.6

.8
.6
.4

.' 2.8
2. 5

2.7
2.0

2.0
1. 7

1.9
1.4

. 5
.2

.6
. 1

2.8
2.4

3.4
1.9

1.3
. 7

1.4
.8

. 7
.2

1. 3
.3

2.9

2.6

2.2

1.9

.6

. 5

3.2

4.0

1.3

1.4

1. 3

2. 1

2.6
, 2. 5

2. 3
2.4

1.3
1.3

1. 0
.9

1. 0
.8

1.0
1. 1

3.4
2.9

5.2
5.0

.8
.7

.8
.7

1.7
1.2

3. 5
3. 1

8. 1

5.3

7.2

1.0

•9

6.2

10.4

3.6

2.6

1.2

5. 7

SOUTH DAKOTA
Sioux Falls

VERMONT
Burlinoton
Springfield

.
.

.
. . ' . , .

VIRGINIA
Richmond
WASHINGTON:
Seattle—Everett
WISCONSIN
Milwaukee
WYOMING

u

6.4

1

I

3

I1

Excludes agricultural chemicals, and miscellaneous manufacturing.
Excludes canned fruits, vegetables, preserves, jams, and jellies.
3
Excludes canning and preserving, and sugar.
Excludes canning and preserving.
5
Excludes canning and preserving, and newspapers.
6
Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
7
Subarea of Rochester Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
• Area included in New York and Nassau-Suffolk combined SMSA's.
9
Subarea of New York Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.

162



° Excludes new-hire rate for transportation equipment.
Subarea of Northeast Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
12
Excludes canning and preserving, printing and publishing.
p-preliminary.
* Not available.

SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover except for data for the
State of California which are collected and calculated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics
(Washington Office).

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
E-1. Labor fore* and unemployment by Stats and selected metropolitan areas
Unemployment
Labor force
Number

labor-force

State and area

MAY.
1979

APR.
198C

tPH*
1980

HAY.
1980P

WAY.
1980P

MY.
1979

APR.
1980

MY.
198CP

MY.
1979

1,639.0
362.C
138.6
177.4
116.6
52.4

11C.I
22.4
14.7

122.1
26.6
10.8
12.1

134.5
29.1
12.9
12.2

6.7
3.3

7.0
3.6

7.5
4.0

6.7
6.0
6.4
8.1
5.6
6.3

I3.0
i.8
b.O
<. 9
i

8.2
7.6
9.3
6.9
6.3
7.5

r.5

1,632.3
375.8
136.4
182.2
119.2
52.2

1,619.4
378.7
135.5
177.5
116.3
51.9

183.5

185.3

188.8

16.3

20.3

17.8

8.9

l<3.9

9.4

1,044.7
638.0
187.3

1,101.1
672.9
199.C

1,1C4.C
675.7
199.4

45.8
24.4

62.6
34.2

7.3

9.8

67.6
37.7
10.5

4.4
3.8
3.9

5.7
S.I
4t . 9

6.1
5.6
5.3

973.7
74.6
84.8
185.9
38.8

956.9
77.2
80,5
184.7
36.4

978.4
77.3
84.5
167.5
38.4

52.9
2.8
5.8

59.6
3.5
6.6

68.6
4.2
7.8

5.4

ii.2
4 .5
t

7.3

7.7

2.3

1.6

9.1
2.1

3.9
5.8

7.0
5.4
9.3
4.8
5.4

10,773.7
1,044.1
174.5
258.5
3,419.0
130.4
218.7
560.8
449.9
132.4
714.7
1,568.6
687.3
142.8
124.7
161.7
120.9

11,080.1
1.C8C.9
176.1
259.1
3,597.C
131.C
225.2
582.C
469.6
128.1
735.C
1,576.9
717.7
143.1
126.3
159.C
123.1

11,064.6
1,076.2
176.3
265.. 7
3,581.0
134.2
224.3
582.1
465.2
131.6
732.5
1,563.7
713.8
143.7
126.5
164.8
123.4

603.1
37.9
13.7
19.3
163.0
17.9

44.8
12.5
23.0
219.0
18.6
14.8
44.1
36.2
10.4
49.6
81.7
39.2

3.6
7.9
7.5
4.8

39.7
79.9
32.7

773.4
45.2
17.1
25.9
225.0
19.9
15.5
41.3
40.1
13.5
49.2
84.8
38.9

6.6
7.5

8.1
9.5

14.4
7.C

COLORADO
Denver—Boulder

1,379.8
818.3

1,431.9
852.3

1,443.8
857.4

CONNECTICUT
Bridgeport
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-WesiHaven
Stamford .
Waterbury

1,581.4
192.7
380.8
74.9
202.0
120.5
109.7

1,596.3
194.2
385.3
74.5
206.6
122.6
109.1

274.8
242.1
317.8
1,604.2

ALABAMA
Birmingham
Huntsville . . . .
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
. •
ALASKA
ARIZONA
Phoenix
Tucson

..

. .

ARKANSAS
Fayetteville-Springdale
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

Anaheim—Santa Ana—Garden Grove
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach2
Modesto
Oxnard-Simi Valley-Ventura
Riverside—San Bernardino—Ontario
Sacramento
.
.
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
,
San Francisco—Oakland
San Jose
Santa Barbara—Santa Maria—Lornpoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Nape

DELAWARE

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Washington SMSA1
1

F LOR 10 A
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood
Jacksonville
Miami
Orlando
ftnsacoia
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
GEORGIA . .
Albany
Atlanta . . . .
Augusta
Columbus1
Macon
Savannah

..

.

.

.

.

..

8.7

3.7
6.9

r.o

i

8.5
4.1
4.8

6.2

4.2
7.1
8.6
6.1

13.7

15.2

14.0

6.9
7.1
8.5

7.7
9.6

5.3
5.7
6.5
6.7
5.5
5.1
4.8
4.6
6.1

6.6
7.6
7.8
7.9
6.8
5.2
5.5
5.4
7.6

19.7
9.5

17.4
9.0

e.9
5.8

12.4
7.7

10.6

64.7
35*0

72.9
39.2

75.1
40.6

4.7

5.1

4.3

4.6

5.2
4.7

1,614.2
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

75.7
1C.3
16.5

77.7

4.8
4.3
4.8
4.8
3.6

4.9
4.9
4.1
4.7
5.4
3.7

6.0

6.6

80.8
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

5.4

6.0

27S.3
245.5

26C.5
245.e

19.4
15.9

20.7
ie.9

16.8
15.4

7.1

7.4

6.6

7.7

6.0
6.3

314.6

317.3
N.A.

23.2
67.1

18.8
61.4

19.4
N.A.

7.3

6.0

6.1

4.2

3.8

N.A.

4.8

5.3
4.4
5.3
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.1
5.3

5.9
6.4
5.2
5.8
6.7
5.3
6.2

6.3
7.6
5.3
6.3

U.5

32.1
29.4
8.8

3.6
9.8
4.3

9.5

15.6
3.5

11.2
4.6

3,811.5
400.9
299.3
704.4
309.4
107.6
588.9
212.6

3,9C4.1
413.C
296.6
725.3
316.1
108.3
596.2
23C.4

3,907.7
411.6
299.5
720.9
320.4
109.8
597.7
23C.1

193.9
19.4
14.6
38.5
14.7
5.3

5.1

5.9

27.0
12.2

27.7
1C.2

30.4
12.1

2,328.7
48.4
936.8
120.6
84.7
96.8
87.5

2.376.7
5C.5
953.1
120.3
85.3
96.6
86.3

2,398.6
51.1 ,
963.3
120.5
87.C
97.7
87.4

109.7

139.7

150.1

2.7

3.2

3.9

41.0

49.2

51.3

6.6
5.4
5.3
5.0

6.9
5.7
5.1
5.3

7.6
6.7
5.6
5.9

188.5
17.0
13.7
35.5
14.C

2C6.5
18.1
15.8
37.7
16.9

5.3

5.1
4.8
4.9
5.5
4.6
4.9
4.6
5.7
4.7
5.6
4.4
5.5
6.4
5.5
5.8

4.2
9.7

10.0

10.6
6.7
5.4
5.4
5.7
7.5

4.1
4.6
4.9
4.4
4.7
4.6
4.4

7.3

5.0

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

7.7
5.8
6.8

See footnotes at end of table.




163

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
E-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numberi in thousands)

Labor fore*

Percent of
tabor form

Number

HAY.
1579

APR.
196C

MAY.
198CP

HAY.
1979

MAY.
198CP

APR.

1980

MAY.
1979

APR*

H8C

HAY.
1980P

HAWAII
Honolulu

394.7
31C.1

402.6
317.2

399.7
314.0

25.3
19.2

16.9
12.8

17.4
13.1

6.4

4.2
4.0

4.4

6.2

IDAHO
Boise City

424.5
89.0

423.5

429.8
89.3

21.6

35.2

33.8

7.9

5.5

5.6

5.1
3.6

8.3

3.2

6.2

6.3

5*167.5
57.2
77.1
3,221.6
178.1

5*384.7
6C.2
62.6
3*362.3
165.5

5,422.7
6C.6
63.6
3t380.C
180.4

244.3

376.5

396.0

1.9
2.6

3.1

4.1

3.2
4.5

4.7
3.3
3.4

7.0
5.1
5.0

5.4
5*4

220.8
10.9

229.8
12.3

4.6

6.6
5.9

3TI C
e c . Tt

co O
3T».T

ILLINOIS 3
Bloomi
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul . .
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline'
Decatur
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
INDIANA
Anderson
Evansville1
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond^€ast Chicago .
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
.
"
South Bend
Terre Haute

c c •%

99« 3

166.9
128.4
89.5
2,604.3
59.7
144.1
195.4
294.1
588. C
60.1
e O . •»
D* 3

148.9

7.1
t 1
3.. t
7.1

3
c . T»
c

4.0

5.6

u.e
9.6

13.C
11.4

4.2
4.3

4.2

6.5

6.6

4.6

7.1
6*7

2*670.7
59.6
144.0
199.0
304.2
614.2
61.9
ou «u
144.9
82.C

143.4

238.9

3.4
6.7

9.8

279.4
11.4
10.6
19.6
32.6
49.2

5.5
5.7

16.5

4.C

13.0
6.0

1*486.7
91.3
186.5

54.8

81.2

83.3

3.3

5.1
9.7

A1 1
1t. 1

55.8
72.C

2*6
4.5
3.5

3.C
3.7

1,21C.
9 8 . *i
233.1

1,221.8
99.0
233.0

174.C
134.6
9€.l

174.7
136.0
98.3

2*623.2
59.3
142.1
195.4
3CC.C

6CLC
62.3
C l » 4)
3f 1

6.8

9.1

4.2

7.3
6.8

6.6
1A £
lv.«i

7.4

8.4

6.7

10*5
19*2

5.0

6.8
9.4
9.4

4.5
5.6

6.3

5.4
4.9

9.1
7.4

11.3

3.7
3.7
3.7

5.5
5.6
5.2

5.6
6*2
6.1

3.9

3.1
3.7

8.C
5.0

6*6
5*4

5.6
5*2

36.4

52.0

51.7

4.6

4.7

1C.2

ICO

3.0
3.6
3.3

4.3

3.6
7.6

4.2
4.7
4*3

7C.5

98.5

ICC.3

5.0

6.0

6.4

16.4

26.2

2.5

27.8

6.2
3.5
6.2

1.7

4.5
3.C
4.4
4.5

6.3

6.3
3.8
6.5
6.0

122.1
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

6.6
7.9

6.1

7.1
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

7.1
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

8.2
7.2
5.5

7.1

6.0
6.6

6*0
6.9

9.2

14.7
26.4
3.4
•a

4

7.7

9.6

18*3
28.3
42.4
3.9

4.6

4.6
4.7

7.0

C d.

3.C

15.3

7.4
9.9

10.7
8.0

7.5
• J» *
I4 i

10.6

142.C
82.2

143.4
62.2

IOWA
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City 1
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

1*466.4
87.7
184.0

1*471.2

KANSAS
Topeka
Wichita

1*210.0
98.6
228.9

KENTUCKY
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville1
Owensboro

1*563.3
165.8
415.1
37.9

1*577.5
169.7
42C.7
39.6

1*587.6
169.4
424.8
39.9

LOUISIANA
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1*683.8
67.3
206.6
73.2
70.2

1*720.4
N.A.
N.A.
N'.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

1*717.8
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

110.9

122.7

5.3

9.2

N.A.~
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

48.7.7
37. <
86. <

494.7

34.3

40.5

35.2

39.5

2.4
4.6

2.8
5.C

2.2

see

496.6
39.1
90.3

4.3

7.C
6.4
5.4

MARYLAND
Baltimore

2*101.]
1.C56.4 i

2*107.3
1*048.7

2*135.1
1*063.6

1C8.2
60*4

126.C
69.2

126.7
73.6

5.2
5.7

MASSACHUSETTS 3
Boston
Brockton
Fall River1

2t851.<
1*389.< i
8O.<

2*632.6
W393.5
79.6

2,87C.C
W4C7.5
81.1

142*5
67.4
4.5

14L5
61.5
4.9

167.8
73.4

5*0

5.0

4.8

4*4

5*8
5.2

5.5

6.2

7.4

1c c
13.6

f f . 3

A Q

137.9
117.5
77.1
267.6
193.1
4*233.3
141. 1

140.5
119.3
78.3
270.6
195.6
4*321.4
143.4

5.5
5.1

5.4
4.7
7.3

MAINE
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Lowell
New Bedford
Springfield-Chicopee-Holyoke
Worcester
MICHIGAN 3
Ann Arbor
See footnotes at end of table.

164




91.2

186.5
AA C

56.2
69.7

53.3
472.7
151.2

i3»'

137.!
116. (
79.<

272.<
195.<

4*316.8
142.2 1

55.<
72.4

6.9

14.6
3.8
4.3
3.8

27.5

7.6
5*9
5.5
11.6
8.2
31C.4
7.7

K

6.2
5.7

2.4

6.0

7.1
5*1
6*1
7.2
5.8

4.6
4.4

1

3.1

7.5
5.5
5.7

13.2
8.2

523*4
11.6

7.6

5.7
4.8

Q

8.9
7.3
6.1

16*6
10.1
6C7.1
14.4

6.9
4.2

4.9

4.2

4.2

7.2
5.4

12.4
8.2

JL

Q*O

6*3
6,1
7.9
6*1
5*2

14*0
10*0

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
E-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas-Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

FAY.
1979

APR.

isec

MAY.
198CP

MY.
1979

APR.
1980

MAY.
1980P

MAY*
1979

APR,
1980

MAY.
1980P

MICHIGAN—Continued
Battle Creek
Bay City
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Portage
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon-Norton Shores-Muskegon Heights
Seginaw

80.2
51.2
2,048.7
223.7
309.3
68.7
131.7
236.2
76*5
103.3

79.4
52.4
1.985.4
223.3
3C9.2
65.2
134.2
235.7
76.3
ICC.6

8C.7
54.1
2,036.C
229.1
314.2
66.5
134.7
239.2
77.8
104,0

5*5
3*8
144.3
16.2
16.0
4.9
7.5
13.7
6.7
6.9

9.1
8.C
255,2
39.0
25.2
6.7
10.9
23*4
9.5
14.6

9.9
9.7
3CC.0
51*1
29*2
8*2
12.0
31.2
10.7
18.3

6.8
7.4
7.0
7.3
5.2
7.2
5.7
5.8
8.7
6.7

11.5
15.2
12,9
17.5
8,1
10.3
8.1
9.9
12.4
14.5

12*2
17*9
14.7
22*3
9,3
12.3
8.9
13.0
13.8
17.6

MINNESOTA
Duluth-Superior1
Minneapolis-St: Paul

2.074.4
117.5
1,096,7

2.13C.5
N.A.
1,123.9

2.157.2
' N.A.
1,133.7

81.1
6.5
33.5

126*7
N.A.
48.2

117.5
K.A.
49.5

3.9
5.5
3.1

5.9
K*A*
4.3

5*4
N.A*
4.4

997.5
146.8

1.CC8.5
151.C

1.C3C.8
154.1

50.8
5.3

65*0
6.3

70.7
7.6

5.1
3.6

6.4
4.2

6*9
4.9

2,303.3
697.7
44.6
1,088.8
103.1

2,317.7
688.8
44.6
NC86.C
1C4.C

2*343.8
689.6
45.1
1*093.1
105.0

e7.3
24.3
1*9
48.1
3.3

142.4
40.8
3.C
76.5
5.0

155.0
43.6
3.0
61.C
5*4

3.8

6*1

4.4
4.4
3.2

6*7
7*0
4.8

6.6
6.3
6*6

MONTANA
Billings
Great Falls

372.0
54.6
34.2

373.1
56.6
33.2

378.3
56.6
33.4

16.7
1.7
1.8

24.4
2.6
2.2

19*0
2.1
1*8

4.5
3.1
5.3

6.5
4.5
6.7

5.0
3.7
5*4

NEBRASKA
Lincoln
Omaha1

783.8
111.2
282.2

78C.7
113.7
282.9

803.0
115.3
283.3

22.0
2.9
12.1

26.5
3.3
13*8

27.7
4*0
13.1

2*8
2*6
4.3

3*4
2.9
4.9

3*4
3*5
4*6

NEVADA
Las Vegas
Reno

354.6
193.3
104.2

371.3
2G4.4
iCfl.l

373.0
2CS.2
108.6

17.3
11*1
3*3

19.1
11.7
4.2

20*1
12.8
4.3

4,9
5.7
3.2

5.1
5*7
3*9

5*4
6*2
4*0

NEW HAMPSHIRE
Manchester
Nashua

443.3
78.7
71.4

452.5
ec.e
75.3

464.3
81.C
76.0

12.3
2*0
1*6

18.1
3.3
2.6

19.1
3.2
2.6

2.8
2*5
2*3

4.0
4.1
3.5

4*1
4.0

3,459.3
94.6
242.4
219.6
942.1
315.7
215.C
156.8
59.0

3,493.C
S7.9
241. t
22C.1
950.4
323.2
215.9
161. S
61.C

3,552.8
1C2.3
249.2
226*3
962.8
327.2
216.9
162.e
62.7

246.6
9.1
25.9
15.2
66.8
19.6
2C*C
€.7
5.2

217.9
8*2
22.0
14.5
57.9
16.1
17.3
8*6
S.6

289.4
10.4
30*5
19.3
79.6
23.7
20.8
11.0
7.2

7.1
9.7
1C.7
6.9
7.1
6.2
9.3
5.5
8.7

6.2
6*4
9.1
6.6
6.1
5*0
8*0
5*3
9.2

8*1
10.2
12.2
6.5
8.3
7.3
9.6
6.7
11.5

535.7
200.8

546.5
2C7.5

550.2
2C9.2

33.4
12.4

36.0
14.3

37.7
14.7

6.2
6*2

7.0
6*9

6.9
7.0

Buffalo
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City'
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

,843.7
373.2
138.7
564.8
39.3
,280.8
•563.0
•963.0
104*5
459.3
300.4
135*4

7.798.9
373.C
137.1
569,7
39.4
l»27C.C
3.528.9
2.929.C
1C7.3
459.4
301.6
135*3

7.913.6
375*7
138.3
574.2
39.4
1,278.6
3,606.7
3,CC2.C
107.3
463.3
3CC.9
136.6

459.4
14.9
5.9
28.7
1*9
6C.3
260*9
239.0
3.6
17*2
13.3
6.2

536.8
20.3
8*1
52.5
3*1
70*2
245.2
219.0
5.3
26.7
22.4
9.1

586.7
22.4
8.6
56.6
3,
75.c
278*7
251*0
5*3
29*6
23.4
9.3

5*9
4.0
4,2
5*1
4*8
4.7
7.3
8.0
3.4
3.7
4.4
4.6

6*9
5*4
5*9
9*2
7.9
5*5
6*9
7*5
5*0
5*8
7.4
6.7

7*4
•0
2
10

NORTH CAROLINA
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia

2,662.5
82.4
336.9

2,732.C
63*1
343.6

2,759.1
83.7
347.0

121.3
3*3
U.9

149.3
4.0
14*2

166*9
4.3
17.7

4.6
4*1
3*5

5.5
4.8
4.1

MISSISSIPPI
Jackson
MISSOURI
Kansas City 1
St. Joseph
St. Louis1
Springfield

NEW JERSEY
Atlantic City
Jtrsey City
Long Branch-Asbury Park
Newark
New Brunswick-Perth Amboy-Sayreville
Patarson-CHfton-Passaic
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
NEW MEXICO
Albuquerque
NEW YORK 3
Albany-Schenectady-Troy

..

5*1

See footnotes at end of table.




165

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
E-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
jNumbers in thousands)
Un ©in ploy m#nt
Laborfor c«

Pmrcantof
labor force

Number
Stataandaraa

MAY.
1979

APR.
198C

MAY.
1980P

MY.
1979

APR.
1980

FAY.
196CP

MAY.
1979

APR.
1S80

MAY.
1980P

NORTH C A R O L I N A — C o n t i n u e
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham

415.7
275.9

427.6
2S7.2

426.0
296.2

15.9
8.6

21.3
11.C

21.6
12.9

3.6
3.1

5.0
3.7

5*1
4.4

NORTH DAKOTA
Fargo-Moorehead'

314.4
71.0

313.C
72. 6

324.4
7«.2

1C.9
2.7

14.3
4.1

12.7
3.4

3.5
3.8

4.6
5.6

J.9
t.6

4,973.7
301.2
181.1
650.0
918.9
530.5
385.4
364.1
233.1

4,957.3
298.5
162.9
(56.9
912.4
53C.7
381.€
367.1
233.6

5,034*8
303.7
165.5
663.5
923.1
538.4
385.3
368.9
239.2

245.0
16.2

438.9
25.2
15.6
47.0
70.3
31.0
31.1
41.9
31.6

4.9

7.3

5.4
4.7
4.5
4.3
4.2
5.7
5.8

7.2
7.2

29.1
39.2
22.3
21.8
21.1
14.3

362.6
21.6
13.3
42.4
56.9
25.8
26.1
38.6
23.5

6.2
4.9
6.8

1
3.7
(3.3
i3.4
7.1
7.6
5.8
8.1

10.6
10.1

11.3
13.2

1.275.0
383 6
304.3

1,H9.2

1.327.C

4C..1

49.4

312.1

312.9

1,209.5
126.3
583.8
111.3

1,238.3
126.7
617.8
119.C

5,208.6
289.9
56.7
123.6
214.5
106.7
173.3
276.9
2,079.1
992.0
148.6
51.7
169.2

OHIO 2
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati !
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton
Toledo 1
Youngstown—Warren
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
OREGON
Eugene-Springfield
Portland'
Salem
PENNSYLVANIA 3
Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton1
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg . . . . .
Johnstown
Lancaster
Northeast Pennsylvania
Philadelphia'
Pittsburgh
Reading
Williamsport
York
RHODE ISLAND
Providence—Warwick— Pawtucket'
SOUTH CAROLINA .
Charleston—North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville—Spartanburg
.
SOUTH DAKOTA
Sioux Falls
TENNESSEE
Chattanooga *
Knoxville .
Memphis'
Nashville-Davidson
TEXAS 2
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont—Port Arthur—Orange
Corpus Christi
Dallas-Fort Worth . . . .
El Paso
Galveston—Texas City
Houston
Lubbock
San Antonio
Waco .
Wichita Falls

See footnotes at end of table.

166




.

.

.

..

.

...

.

6.5

6.1

, 6.5

54.5

3.1

3.7

4.1

6.9

11.2

11.9

2.9

3.6

3.8

1,248.8
129.5
617.0
119.9

80.1
1C.1

99.6
13.1
33.9

1C4.3
13.4
35.6

9.1

9.1

5,321.C
297.6
59.5
126.7
217.€
110.1
176.9
264.2
2,123.3
1.CC5.5
153.3
53.1
172.C

5.3CC.9
296.5
59.4
126.5
216.8
109.6
. 176.3
282.1
2,122.7
1,004.2
152*4
52.3
171.4

293.8
15.3

387.8
17.3

381.8
18.6

4.1
7.7
6.7
7.C
6.4

5.1

4.8

10.6
11.9
11.9

11.1
11.7
11.8

8.6

9.5

26.4
134.3
64.2
11.1

25.4
142.8
65.1
11.8

448.3
448.2

461.7
456.9

455.5
450.3

1,306.9
153.5
173.1
259.0

1,267.6
*5C3
169.1
251.5

344.7
62.6

A l l

*

All

7

11

3

3CC
7.3

1A

3

6.6

8.0

8.4

e.c

10.2

10.4

5.5
7.7

5.8
7.6

7.3
5.8
8.5
8.4
5.5

7.2
6.3
8.1
8.8
5.4

IC.8

10.7
5*4

5.1
6.5

6.C

7.0

10.5

10.8

5.6
5.3
7.3
6.2
4.0
6.6
3.7
6.8
6.2
4.8
4.8
7.4
4.3

26.5
26.6

33.3
33.4

29.4
3C.0

U279.2
151.5
170.3
252.8

59.5

75.4

7.5
6.2

9.2
6.7

83.0
10.1

9.3

341.3
61.4

346.5
61.1

1,983.0
193.3
204.2
385.6
411.4

1,978.3
194.4
2C3.2
381.4
41C.4

6.C85.8
86.3

6,286.9
87.6

9A1

9

159.8
138.8
1,429.6
163.6
78.6
1,381.7
98.1
AflG A

76.5
58.0

A l l

A

79.4
59.4

7.2
3.8
7.2

9.0
6.7
6.5
7.7

15.1

13.4

6.1

6.3

5.9
5.9

7.2
7.3

6.5
6.7

7.6

4*5
4.9
3.6

6.0
6.1
4.0

6.5
6.7
4.5

11.7

13.5

3.6

4.7

5.3

1C.8

12.6

1.5

2.4

12.6

2,005.9
197.1
205.2
386.6
416.9

103.7
1C.4

125.8
12.9

8.1

9.9

19. C
14.8

6,281.8
87.1
9 Aft

160.1
141.5
1,503.8
169*7
82.4
1,435.4
101.3

19.0
129.2
47.5

4.9
9.3
6.3
6.4
7.3

3.1

3.7

3.6

2.3

2.4

3.9

3.8

2C.6
20.3

14.7
10.1
22.0
24.8

5.4
4.0
4.9
3.6

6.6
4.9
5.4
4.9

7.5
k.9
).7
i
5.9

257.5

2S8.8

314.5

3.3

3.5

4.2
3.3

4.8
3.8

>.O

2.8

1C.1

11.0

10.8

6.4

7.6

8.0

49.1
13.4

57.8
14.5

64.3
14.9

4.5

4.9

4.8

47.4
3.7

55.6
3.9

57.2
4.1

6.3
4.6
3.4
8.2
5.8
3.4
3.8

6.9
5.4
3.8
8.5
6.0
3.9
3.8

4.1

99

9A

5.2
2.8

4.1
3.5

4.8
3.7

6.5
4.7

t.o

ft

159.0
140.6
1,504.3
168.8
83.7
1,432.2
ICC.4
Air

80.0
59.5

i

9

3.1
2.0

i

1.5
i.8
1.7

t.a

1
1.8

J.7

v.o

9

3.8
2.2

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
E-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployment

KAY.
1979
UTAH
Salt Lake City-Ogden

1

582.6
384.9

APR.
198C

MY.
198CP

6C7.3
400.4

HAY.
1979

APR.
198C

WASHINGTON
Seattle-Everett
Spokane
Tacoma

1*900.8
823.5
151.1
175.2

WISCONSIN
AppletonOshkosh
Eau Claire .»
Green Bay
Kenosha
La Crosse

11.1

13.2

13.4

4.7

5.7

2*522.9
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

111.6
3.2
7.5
10.3
4.2

119.6
K
N
K.
N.
N.
K.

4.3
3.8
4.7
5.1
4.9
3.3
3.6

2*498.1
76.7

4.5
4.2
4.6
5.4
4.8
3.1
3.8

1*921.9
838.9
151.0
17C.4

119.6
42.1
9.2
12.5

151.2
51.1
11.3
14.7

142.G
50.8
11.8
15.1

6.3
5*1
6.1
7.1

7.9
6.0
7.5
8.5

4.7
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
7.4
6.1
7.8
8.8

164.1
325.6
6C.5
33C.C
110.7
1*926.1
845.6
149.8
173.3

45.6
4.5
5.4
3.3
4.2

71.7
8.9
9.6
5.8
7.3

63.9
8.9
9.8
6.0
7.0

6.1
3.6
4.3
4.7
5.2

9.5
7.0
7.6
8.2
9.0

8.5
6.9
7.7
8*5
9.5

155.5
9.C
4.2
5.9
3.4
2.4
8.3
38.2
5.5

163.1
9.7
5.3
5.3
9.0
2.4
7.9
40.2
6.9

4.0
3.9
4.9
4.9
4.2
4.4
3.3
3.5
3.9

6.4
5.9
7.1
6.6
5.3
4.9
4.5
5.2
6.2

6.7
6.2
8.9
5.9
14.9
5.1
4.2
5.4
7.7

8.2

7.8

2.2

3.6

3.4

758.C

2*415.9
154.5
59.4
9C.2
63.4
47.9
186.7
735.C

2.424.1

ee.e

737.8
9C.3

94.8
5.8
2.9
4.3
2.6
2.C
5.9
25.4
3.5

226.1

232.2

4.8

719.8
88.0
222.4

WYOMING

5.1
4.9

IC6.6
2.9
7.4
16.4
2.9
1C.6
3.9

748.9
125.6
124.7
70.0
81.9

177.5
Milwaukee
Racine

4.1
4.0

3C.8
19.5

2*375.3
149.3
58.7
87.9
61.6
46.1

WEST VIRGINIA
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland'
Parkersburg-Marietta'
Wheeling1

32.0
20.3

MAY.
198CP

23.8
15.5

234.1
2*479.1
75.6
158.3
324.2
58.6
324.6
109.0

APR.
1980

755.3
128.5
127.2
7C.4

237.2

VIRGINIA
Lynchburg
Newport News-Hampton
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Portsmouth1
Petersburg-Colonial Heights-HopewelI
Richmond
Roanoke

MAY.
1979

237.5

596.5
395.C

VERMONT

198CP

127.6
126.5

7C.5
81.1

1

82.0

155.2
59.7
9C.4
6C.3
48.3

188.1

17.7
2.9

5.3
5.1
5.6

Includes interstate portion of area located in adjacent State.
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. (See"Explanatory Notes" for
State and Area Unemployment Data in Employment and Earnings, monthly.)

visional and will be revised when new benchmark information becomes available. Data refer 1
place of residence.
p-preliminary.
N.A -not available.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 have been benchmark*! to 1979 Currant Population Survey annual
averages. Except in the 10 States and 2 areas designated by footnote 2, estimates for 1980 are pro

SOURCE: Current Population Survey and Cooperating State Employment Security Agencies listed c
inside back cover.

3

Labor force and unemployment estimates for counties, cities, and other small areas have been prepared for administration of various Federal economic assistance
programs and may be ordered from the National Technical Information Service. When ordering, please specify "CETA Area Employment and Unemployment,"
"State, County, and Selected City Employment and Unemployment," and "Unemployment Rates for State and Local Governments." A complete set of price schedules
and publications is available from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield Virginia, 22161.




167

Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are estimated from two major
sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports from employers.

dustries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary
employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural establishments.

Data based on household interviews are obtained from a sample
survey of the population 16 years of age and over. The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the labor force,
the employed and the unemployed, including such characteristics as
age, sex, race, family relationship, marital status, occupation, and industry attachment. The survey also provides data on the
characteristics and past work experience of those not in the labor
force. The information is collected by trained interviewers from a
sample of about 65,000 households, representing 629 areas in 1,133
counties and independent cities, with coverage in 50 States and the
District of Columbia. The data collected are based on the activity or
status reported for the calendar week including the 12th of the month.

Multiple jobholding. The household approach provides information
on the work status of the population without duplication, since each
person is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor
force. Employed persons holding more than one job are counted only
once and are classified according to the job at which they worked the
greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the figures based
on establishment reports, persons who worked in more than one
establishment during the reporting period are counted each time their
names appear on payrolls.

Data based on establishment records are obtained each month from
mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation
with State agencies. The establishment survey is designed to provide
industry information on nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly and weekly earnings, and
labor turnover for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The
employment, hours, and earnings series are based on payroll reports
from a sample of establishments employing about 35 million
nonagricultural wage and salary workers. The data relate to all
workers, full- or part-time, who received pay during the payroll period
which includes the 12th day of the month. Based on a somewhat
smaller sample, labor turnover data relate to actions occurring during
the entire month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data supplement one another,
each providing significant types of information that the other cannot
suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily
obtained only from the household survey whereas employer
characteristics such as detailed industrial classifications can be reliably
derived only from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other because of differences in definition and coverage, sources of information, methods
of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and
response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major
factors which have a differential effect on levels and trends of the two
series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment comprises
wage and salary workers (including domestics and other private
household workers), self-employed persons, and unpaid workers who
worked 15 hours or more during the survey week in family-operated
enterprises. Employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural in-




Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes among the
employed all persons who had jobs but were not at work during the
survey week—that is, were not working but had jobs from which they
were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation,
labor-management dispute, or because they were taking time off for
various other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers
for the time off. In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on
leave paid for by the company are included, but not those on leave
without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences between
household and establishment survey employment data* see Gloria P.
Green's article "Comparing Employment Estimates from Household
and Payroll Surveys," Monthly Labor Review, December 1969.
Reprints of this article are available upon request from the Bureau of
Labor Statistics.

Hours of work
The household survey measures hours actually worked whereas the
payroll survey measures hours paid for by employers. In the
household survey data, all persons with a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average
hours. In the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory employees
on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and
assigned the number of hours for which they 'were paid during the
reporting period.

COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA WITH OTHER
SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from the
household survey includes all persons who did not have a job at all
during the survey week and were looking for work or were waiting to
be called back to a job from which they had been laid off, regardless
of whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance.
Figures on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the Employment and Training Administration of the Department of Labor, exclude persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers

169

who have not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons
losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems (some
workers in agriculture, domestic services and religious organizations,
self-employed and unpaid family workers). Beginning in January
1978, coverage was extended to include domestic workers whose
employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in any calendar quarter,
agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or more workers
in 20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any calendar
quarter, and almost all State and local government employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of unemployment used in the
household survey. For example, persons with a job but not at work
and persons working only a few hours during the week are sometimes
eligible for unemployment compensation but are classified as
employed rather than unemployed in the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences between State
insured unemployment and total unemployment, see "Measuring
Total and State Insured Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the
June 1971 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Reprints of this article
may be obtained upon request.
Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of Agriculture.
The principal differences in coverage are the inclusion of persons
under 16 in the Statistical Research Service (SRS) series and the treatment of dual jobholders who are counted more than once if they work
on more than one farm during the reporting period. There are also
wide differences in sampling techniques and collecting and estimating
methods, which cannot be readily measured in terms of impact on differences in level and trend of the two series.
COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the Census. BLS
establishment statistics on employment differ from employment

counts derived by the Bureau of the Census from its censuses or annual sample surveys of manufacturing establishments and the censuses
of business establishments. The major reasons for some noncomparability are different treatment of business units considered parts of
an establishment, such as central administrative offices and auxiliary
units, the industrial classification of establishments, and different
reporting patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences
in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and financial
establishments, whereas these are included in the BLS statistics.

County Business Patterns. Data in County Business Patterns (CBP),
published by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS establishment statistics in the treatment of
central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may
also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices.
In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and government, and
coverage is incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities.

Employment covered by State unemployment insurance programs.
Most nonagricultural wage and salary workers are covered by the
unemployment insurance programs. Beginning in January 1972,
coverage was expanded to include employees of small firms and
selected nonprofit activities who had not .been covered previously.
However, certain activities, such as interstate railroads, parochial
schools, and churches are not covered by unemployment insurance
whereas these are included in the BLS establishment statistics. Beginning in January 1978, coverage was extended to include domestic
workers whose employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in any calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or
more workers in 20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages
in any calendar quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.

Household data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population, the personal,
occupational, and other characteristics of the employed, the
unemployed and persons not in the labor force, and related data are
compiled for the BLS by the Bureau of the Census in its Current
Population Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the Current Population Survey, BLS Report 463. This report
is available from BLS upon request.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted with a
scientifically selected sample designed to represent the civilian
noninstitutional population. Respondents are interviewed to obtain
information about the employment status of each member of the
household 16 years of age and over. Separate statistics are also collected and published for 14 and 15 year olds. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday,
which includes the 12th of the month. This is known as the survey
week. Actual field interviewing is conducted in the following week.
Inmates of institutions, members of the Armed Forces, and persons
under 14 years of age are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations and are excluded from the population and labor force statistics
shown in this report. Data on members of the Armed Forces, who are

170



included as part of the categories "total noninstitutional population"
and "total labor force," are, however, obtained from the Department
of Defense.
Each month, 65,000 occupied units are eligible for interview. About
2,800 of these households are visited but interviews are not obtained
because the occupants are not at home after repeated calls or are
unavailable for other reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for
the survey of between 4 or 5 percent. In addition to the 65,000 occupied units, there are 12,000 sample units in an average month which
are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not to be enumerated.
Part of the sample is changed each month. The rotation plan provides
for three-fourths of the sample to be common from 1 month to the
next and one-half to be common with the same month a year earlier.
Beginning in September 1975, the sample was enlarged by 9,000
households in order to provide greater reliability for smaller States
and thus permit the publication of annual statistics for all 50 States
and the District of Columbia. These supplementary households were
added to the national 47,000 household sample in January 1978.
Over the period November 1978 to April 1979 the sample was again
enlarged by 9,000 households. This was done to permit the publication
of reliable quarterly estimates for the 50 States and the District of Columbia. These supplementary households were added to the 56,000
household sample in January 1980.

CONCEPTS

labor force; the sum of the rates for the four groups thus equals the
total unemployment rate.

Employed persons comprise (a) all those who during the survey
week did any work at all as paid employees, in their own business,
profession, or farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid
workers in an enterprise operated by a member of the family, and (b)
all those who were not working but who had jobs or businesses from
which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management dispute, or personal reasons, whether or
not they were paid by their employers for the time off, and whether or
not they were seeking other jobs.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those who held more
than one job are counted in the job at which they worked the greatest
number of hours during the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries,
temporarily in the United States, who are not living on the premises of
an Embassy.
Excluded are persons whose only activity consisted of work around
the house (such as home housework, and painting or repairing own
home) or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and similar
organizations.
Unemployed persons comprise all persons who did not work during
the survey week, who made specific efforts to find a job within the
past 4 weeks, and who were available for work during the survey week
(except for temporary illness). Also included as unemployed are those
who did not work at all, were available for work, and (a) were waiting
to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off; or (b)
were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job within 30 days.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of time (through
the current survey week) during which persons classified as
unemployed had been continuously looking for work. For persons on
layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number of full
weeks since the termination of their most recent employment. A
period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was employed or
ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the
present period of seeking work. Measurements of mean and median
duration are computed from a distribution of single weeks of
unemployment.

Participation rates represent the proportion of the noninstitutional
population that is in the labor force. Two types of participation rates
are published. The total labor force participation rate, which is the
ratio of the total labor force and the total noninstitutional population;
and the civilian labor force participation rate, which is the ratio of the
civilian labor force and the civilian noninstitutional population. Participation rates are usually published for sex-age groups, often crossclassified by other demographic characteristics such as race and
educational attainment.

Unemployed persons by reasons for unemployment are divided into
four major groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking for work and persons
on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and immediately began looking
for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a fulltime job lasting 2 weeks or longer but were out of the labor force prior
to beginning to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who never
worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made specific efforts to
find a job, sometime during the 4-week period preceding the survey
week. Jobseekers do not include persons unemployed because they (a)
were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid
off or (b) were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job within 30
days. Jobseekers are grouped by the methods used to seek work, including going to a public or private employment agency or to an
employer directly, seeking assistance from friends or relatives, placing
or answering ads, or utilizing some "other" method. Examples of the
"other" category include being on a union or professional register,
obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a
designated pick-up point.
The civilian labor force comprises the total of all civilians classified
as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria described
above. The "total labor force" also includes members of the Armed
Forces stationed either in the United States or abroad.
The unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a
percent of the civilian labor force. This measure can also be computed
for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age, marital status,
race, occupation, industry, etc. The job-loser, job-leaver, reentrant,
and new entrant rates are each calculated as a percent of the civilian




Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of the
noninstitutional population that is employed.
Not in labor force includes all civilians 16 years and over who are
not classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are further
classified as "engaged in own home housework," "in school,"
"unable to work" because of long-term physical or mental illness, and
"other." The "other" group includes for the most part retired persons, those reported as too old to work, the voluntarily idle, and
seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an "off" season
and who were not reported as unemployed. Persons doing only incidental unpaid family work (less than 15 hours) are also classified as
not in the labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous work experience, intentions to seek work again, desire for a job at the time of
interview, and reasons for not looking for work are compiled on a
quarterly basis. As of January 1970, the detailed questions for persons
not in the labor force are asked only in those households that are in
the fourth and eighth months of the sample, i.e., the "outgoing"
groups, those which had been in the sample for 3 previous months and
would not be in for the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969,
the detailed not-in-labor force questions were asked of persons in the
first and fifth months in the sample, i.e., the "incoming" groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed apply
to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two or more jobs are
classified in the job at which they worked the greatest number of
hours during the survey week. The unemployed are classified according to their last full-time civilian job lasting 2 weeks or more. The occupation and industry groups used in the CPS are defined as in the
1970 Census of Population. Information on the detailed categories included in these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies "wage and salary
workers," subdivided into private and government workers, "selfemployed workers," and "unpaid family workers." Wage and salary
workers receive wages, salary, commission, tips, or pay in kind from a
private employer or from a government unit. Self-employed persons
are those who work for profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons
working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a
business operated by a member of the household to whom they are
related by blood or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours worked during the survey week. For example, a person who normally
works 40 hours a week but who was off on the Columbus Day holiday
would be reported as working 32 hours even though he/she was paid
for the holiday.
For persons working in more than one job, the figures relate to the
number of hours worked in all jobs during the week. However, all the
hours are credited to the major job.
The distribution of employment by hours worked relate to persons
"at work" during the survey week. At work data differ from data on
total employment because the latter include persons in the zero-hour
worked category, "with a job but not at work." Included in this latter
group are persons who were on vacation, ill, involved in a labor
dispute, or otherwise absent from their jobs for voluntary,
noneconomic reasons.

171

Persons who worked 35 hours or more in the survey week are
designated as working "full-time." Correspondingly, persons who
worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working "part
time." Part-time workers are classified by their usual status at their
present job (either full or part time) and by their reason for working
part time during the survey week (economic or other reasons).
"Economic reasons" include: Slack work, material shortages, repairs
to plant or equipment, start or termination of a job during the week,
and inability to find full-time work. "Other reasons" include: Labor
dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation, demands of home
housework, school, no desire for full-time work, and full-time worker
only during the peak season. Persons on full-time schedules include,
in addition to those working 35 hours or more, those who worked
from 1-34 hours for noneconomic reasons and usually work full time.
Full- and part-time labor force. The full-time labor force consists of
persons working on full-time schedules, persons involuntarily working
part time (part time for economic reasons), and unemployed persons
seeking full-time jobs. The part-time labor force consists of persons
working part time voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking parttime work. Persons with a job but not at work during the survey week
are classified according to whether they usually work full or part time.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours lost to the
economy through unemployment and involuntary part-time employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available aggregate
hours. It is computed by assuming: (1) That unemployed persons
looking for full-time work lost an average of 37.5 hours (2) that those
looking for part-time work lost the average number of hours actually
worked by voluntary part-time workers during the survey week, and
(3) that persons on part time for economic reasons lost the difference
between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they worked.
Race. White and "black and other" are terms used to describe the
race of workers. The "black and other category," includes all persons
who identified themselves in the enumeration process to be other than
white. At the time of the 1970 Census of Population, 89 percent of the
black and other population group were black; the remainder were
American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asian and Pacific
Islanders. The term "black" is used in this volume when the relevant
data are provided exclusively for the black population.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified themselves in the
enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican living on the
mainland, Cuban, Central or South American or other Hispanic
origin or descent. According to the 1970 Census of population, approximately 96 percent of their population is white.
Major activity: going to school and major activity: other are terms
used to describe whether the activity of young persons during the
reference week is primarily one of going to school or not. Statistics on
major activity are published every month in table A-7 for 16-21 yearolds by employment status, race, and sex, and, if unemployed,
whether seeking full- or part-time work.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed Forces of
the United States between August 5, 1964, and May 7, 1975. Tables
for veterans in this volume are limited to males in the civilian
noninstitutional population, i.e., veterans in institutions and females
are excluded.
Nonveterans are males who never served in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas classification consists of all Census geographical divisions in which 20 percent or more of the residents were poor according
to the 1970 Decennial Census. Persons were classified as poor or nonpoor by using income thresholds adopted by a Federal interagency
committee in 1969. These thresholds vary by family size, composition,
and residence (farm-nonfarm). While poverty areas have a substantial
concentration of low-income residents, many poor persons live outside these areas and, conversely, the areas include many people who
are not poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the total of all
areas encompassed by Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas
(SMSA's). The metropolitan area total is based on the number of

172



SMSA's as defined in the 1970 Decennial Census and does not include
any subsequent additions or changes. Nonmetropolitan areas refer to
the total of all areas outside SMSA's. The nonmetropolitan total is
disaggregated into farm and nonfarm components.

HISTORIC COMPARABILITY
Raised lower age limit
Beginning with data for 1967, the lower age limit for official
statistics on persons in the labor force was raised from 14 to 16 years.
A detailed discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced
at that time, incuding estimates of their effect on the various series is
contained in "New Definitions for Employment and Unemployment"
by Robert L. Stein in the February 1967 issue of Employment and
Earnings and Monthly Report on the Labor Force. Reprints may be
obtained upon request.

Noncomparablllty of labor force levels
Before the changes introduced in 1967, the labor force data were
not comparable for three earlier periods: (1) Beginning 1953, as a
result of the introduction of data from the 1950 census into the estimation procedure, population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor
force, total employment, and agricultural employment by about
350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and males; other
categories were relatively unaffected; (2) beginning 1960, the inclusion
of Alaska and Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the
population and about 300,000 in the labor force, four-fifths of this in
nonagricultural employment; other labor force categories were not appreciably affected; (3) beginning 1962, the introduction of figures
from the 1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000, labor
force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were
virtually unchanged. In addition, beginning 1972, information from
the 1970 census was introduced into the estimation procedures, producing an increase in the civilian noninstitutional population of about
800,000; labor force and employment totals were raised by a little
more than 300,000, and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. A subsequent population adjustment based on the 1970
census was introduced in March 1973. This adjustment affected the
white and black and other groups but had little effect on totals. The
adjustment resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white
population and an increase of the same magnitude in the black and
other population. Civilian labor force and total employment figures
were affected to a lesser degree; the white labor force was reduced by
150,000, and the black and other labor force rose by about 210,000.
Unemployment levels and rates were not significantly affected.
Beginning in January 1974, the methodology used to prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was
modified to an "inflation-deflation" approach. This change in the
derivation of the population estimates had its greatest impact on
estimates of 20-24 year-old males—particularly those of the black and
other population—but had little effect on 16 and over totals. Additional information on the adjustment procedure appears in "CPS
Population Controls Derived from Inflation-Deflation Method of
Estimation" in the February 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Effective July 1975, as a result of the immigration of Vietnamese
refugees into the United States, the total and black-and-other independent population controls for persons 16 years and over were adjusted
upward by 76,000—30,000 males and 46,000 females. The addition of
the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1
percent in any age-sex group, and all of the changes were in the
"other" population.
Beginning in 1978, the introduction of an expansion of the sample
and revisions in the estimation procedures resulted in an increase of
roughly a quarter of a million in the overall civilian labor force and
employment totals; unemployment levels and rates were essentially
unchanged. An explanation of the procedural changes and an indica-

tion of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population
Survey in January 1978" in the February 1978 issue of Employment
and Earnings,
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual was determined by the household respondent for the incoming rotation group
households, rather than determined by the interviewer as before. The
purpose of this change is to provide more accurate estimates of
Characteristics by race. Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race determined by the household respondent and
seven-eighths of the sample households had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race determined by the household respondent. Although any
impact of this change is still unknown, it is possible that it has caused
a break in the time series for some racial statistics.
Beginning in 1979, the first stage ratio estimation method was
changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The new procedure is
described in the Estimating Methods section. The reasoning behind
the change and an indication of the differences appear in "Change in
the Estimation Procedure for the Current Population Survey beginning in January 1979" in the February 1979 issue of Employment and
Earnings. Differences between the old and new procedures exist only
for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan estimates, not for the total
U.S.

Changes In the occupational classification system
Beginning with 1971, the comparability of occupational employment data was affected as a result of changes in census occupational
classifications introduced into the Current Population Survey (CPS).
These changes stemmed from an exhaustive review of the classification system to be used for the 1970 Census of Population. This review,
the most comprehensive since the 1940 census, was to reduce the size
of large groups, to be more specific about general and "not elsewhere
classified" groups, and to provide information on emerging significant occupations. Differences in March 1970 employment levels
tabulated on both the 1960 and 1970 classification systems ranged
from a drop Of 650,000 in operatives to an increase of 570,000 in service workers, much of which resulted from a shift between these two
groups; the nonfarm laborers group increased by 420,000, and
changes in other groups amounted to 220,000 or less.
An additional major group was created by splitting the operatives
category into two: Operatives, except transport, and transport equipment operatives. Separate data for these two groups first became
available in January 1972. At the same time, several changes in titles,
as well as in order of presentation, were introduced; for example, the
title of the managers, officials, and proprietors group was changed to
"managers and administrators, except farm," since only proprietors
performing managerial duties are included in the category.
Apart from the effects of revisions in the occupational classification
system beginning in 1971, comparability of occupational employment
data was further affected in December 1971, when a question eliciting
information on major activities or duties was added to the monthly
CPS questionnaire in order to determine more precisely the occupational classification of individuals. This change resulted in several
dramatic occupational shifts, particularly from managers and administrators to other groups. Thus, meaningful comparisons of occupational levels cannot always be made for 1972 and subsequent
years with earlier periods. However, revisions in the occupational
classification system as well as in the CPS questionnaire are believed
to have had but a negligible impact on unemployment rates.
Additional information on changes in the occupational classification system of the CPS appears in "Revisions in Occupational
Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in the Current Population
Survey" in the February 1971 and February 1972 issues, respectively,

of Employment and Earnings.




Changes In sample design
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various changes in
the design of the CPS sample. Most of these changes were made in
order to improve the efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the reliability of the sample estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census is to change
the sample design to make use of the recently collected census
materials. Also, occasionally the sample is expanded in terms of
number of sample areas and number of sample persons. In 1953, a
rotation plan was introduced in which a sample unit would be interviewed for 4 months, leave the sample for eight months, and then
return to the sample for another 4 months. When Alaska and Hawaii
achieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to the sample
to account for the population in these States. After the 1960 census,
selection of a major portion of the sample from census address lists
was begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected using area
sampling. Following the 1970 census, the ultimate sampling unit was
changed from a non-contiguous cluster of six housing units to a usually contiguous cluster of four housing units. In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24 States and the
District of Columbia and designed to provide more reliable annual
average estimates for States, was incorporated with the existing
design. A coverage improvement sample composed of approximately
450 sample household units which represent 237,000 occupied mobile
homes and 600,000 new construction housing units, was included in
computing the estimates beginning in October 1978 in order to provide
coverage of mobile homes and new construction housing units that
previously had no chance for selection in the CPS sample. A recent
change was introduced in January 1980, when another supplemental
sample of 9,000 households selected in 32 States and the District of
Columbia to provide more reliable quarterly average estimates for
States, was added to the existing sample.
The following table provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use during the referenced data collection
periods. For a more detailed account of the history of the CPS sample

design, see The Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of

Commerce, or Concepts and Methods used in Labor Force Statistics
Derived from the Current Population Survey, BLS Report 463.

ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the results for
a given month become available simultaneously and are based on
returns from the entire panel of respondents. There are not subsequent adjustments to independent benchmark data on labor force,
employment, or unemployment. Therefore, revisions of the historical
data are not an inherent feature of this statistical program.
The CPS estimation procedure involves weighting the data from
each sample person. The basic weight, which is the inverse of the probability of the person being in the sample, is a rough measure of the
number of actual persons that the sample person represents. In States
supplemented in the 1978 and 1980 expansions, almost all sample persons within the same sample area have the same basic weight, but the
weight may differ across sample areas. The basic weight is the same
for almost all sample persons in unsupplemented States. The basic
weights are then adjusted for noninterview, and the ratio estimation
procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for occupied
sample households for which no information was obtained because of
absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability of the respondent for other reasons. This adjustment is made separately by combinations of sample areas within each State and the District of Columbia, and within these, for six groups—two race categories (white, and

173

Households eligible
Time period

Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956.
May 1956 to Dec. 1959 .
Jan.1960 to Feb. 1963 .
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966.
Jan. 1967 to July 1971 .
Aug. 1971 to July 1972.
Aug. 1972 to Dec, 1977.
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979
Jan. 1980 to present . .

Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide
coverage in each State and the District of Columbia.
2 These are housing units which were visited, but were found

black and other) within three residence categories. For sample areas
which are Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSA's), these
residence categories are the central cities, and the urban and the rural
balance of the SMSA's. For other sample areas, the residence
categories are urban, rural nonfarm, and rural farm. The proportion
of sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent
depending on weather, vacations, etc.
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected for the
sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that of the population
as a whole, in such characteristics as age, race, sex, and residence.
Since these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample,
the latter estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of ratio
estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of the 629 sample
areas is chosen to represent other areas not in the sample; the remainder of the sample areas represent only themselves. The first-stage
ratio estimation procedure was designed to reduce the portion of the
variance resulting from requiring sample areas to represent nonsample
areas. Therefore, this procedure is not applied to sample areas which
represent only themselves. The procedure is performed at two
geographic levels: First, by the four census regions (Northeast, North
Central, South and West), and secondly, for each of the 46 States
which contains nonsample areas. The procedure corrects for the differences that existed at the time of the 1970 census between the
distribution by race and residence of the population in the sample
areas and the known race-residence distribution in the portions of the
census region or State represented by these areas. The regional adjustment is performed by metropolitan-nonmetropolitan residence and
race, while the State adjustment is done by urban-rural status and
race.
b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample proportion
in the categories described below are adjusted to the distribution of independent current estimates of the population in the same categories.
The second-stage ratio estimate is done in order to increase the
reliability of the estimates and is done in three steps. In the first step,
the sample estimates are adjusted within each State and the District of
Columbia to an independent control for the population 16 years and

174



Number of
sample
areas

68
230
330
333 3
357
449
449
461
614
629

Interviewed
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200

Not
interviewed

Households
visited not
eligible2

500-1,000
500-1,000

3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500

1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800

6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000

to be vacant or otherwise not eligible for Interview.
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska
and Hawaii after statehood.

over for the State. The second step involves "nonwhite" persons only,
and is an adjustment to independent estimates of 40 age-sex-race
categories across the whole Nation. (The race categories used are
black and other minority races.) The third adjustment is applied to all
sample persons and is a weighting to nationwide independent population estimates within 68 age-sex-race groups. The entire second-stage
ratio estimation procedure is iterated six times, each time beginning at
the weights developed the previous time. This iteration ensures that
the sample estimates both of State population and of national age-sexrace categories, will be virtually equal to the independent population
estimates.
The independent controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the
trend in the growth of this segment of the population from the April 1,
1970 census through the latest available July 1 estimate, adjusted as a
last step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of this group.
State estimates by age for July 1 are published annually in Current
Population Reports, Series P-25. For a description of the
methodology used in developing the State total, see Report 640 of that
series. Descriptions of the age estimates methodology are available on
request from the Chief of the Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the
Census, Washington, D.C. 20233.
Prior to January 1974, the independent national controls used for
the age-sex-race groups in both the second and third steps of the
second-stage ratio estimation procedure were prepared by carrying
forward the most recent census data (1970) after taking account of
subsequent aging of the population, births, deaths, and migration between the United States and other countries. Beginning in 1974, the
"inflation-deflation" method of deriving independent population
controls was introduced into the CPS estimation procedures. These independent controls are prepared by inflating the most recent census
counts to include the estimated net census undercount by age, sex, and
race, aging this population forward to each subsequent month and
later age by adding births and net migration, and subtracting deaths.
These post-censal population estimates are then "deflated" to census
level to reflect the pattern of net undercount in the most recent census
by age, sex, and race. The actual percent change over time in the
population in any age group is preserved.
3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics for a given
month, a composite estimating procedure is used which takes account

of net changes from the previous month for continuing parts of the
sample (75 percent) as well as the sample results for the current
month. Almost all estimates of month-to-month change are improved
by this procedure, and most estimates of levels are also improved, but
to a lesser extent.

Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals shown
in the same tables because of independent rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand. Differences, however, are insignificant.

Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based on a
sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The standard errors provided primarily indicate the magnitude of the sampling error. They
also partially measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in
response and enumeration but do not measure any systematic biases in
the data.
Nonsampling errors. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to qualify some
sources of nonsampling error in the CPS as discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative
change, such as month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels
would be more severely affected by the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many sources,
e.g., inability to obtain information about all cases in the sample,
definitional difficulties, differences in the interpretation of questions,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall information, errors made in collection such as
in recording or coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made in estimating values for missing data, and failure to represent all sample households and all persons within sample households
(undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of the survey
have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is
used to estimate various sources of error as well as to evaluate and
control the work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected through reinterview at regular intervals.
The results indicate, among other things, that the data published from
the CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of
the CPS reinterview program and some of the other results may be
found in the Current Population Survey Reinterview Program,
January 1961 through December 1966, Technical Paper No. 19,
Bureau of the Census. U.S. Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in the CPS
data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan used for the sample, since the level of the estimates vary by rotation group. A description of these effects appears in the article "The Effects of Rotation
Group Bias on Estimates from Panel Sureys," by Barbara A. Bailar,
Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349,
March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing units and
missed persons within sample households. Overall undercoverage as
compared to the level of the decennial census, is about 5 percent. It is
known that the CPS undercoverage varies with age, sex, and race.
Generally, undercoverage is larger for males than for females and
larger for black and other races than for whites. Ratio estimation to
independent age-sex-race population controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage.
However, biases exist in the estimates to the extent that missed persons
in missed households or missed persons in interviewed households
have different characteristics than interviewed persons in the same
age-sex-race group. Further, the independent population controls us-




ed have not been adjusted for undercoverage in the 1970 census, which
was estimated at 2.5 percent of the population, with differentials by
age, sex, and race similar to those observed in the CPS.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS appears in
the paper, "An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by the Current Population Survey," by Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar,
Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce,
Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards; in the paper "The
Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson
and Gary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and Social Measurement,
Vol. 2, April 1973; and in The Current Population Survey, Design and
Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce. This last document includes a comprehensive and up-to-date discussion of various sources of errors, and
describes attempts to meaure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a measure of sampling variability, that is, of the variation that occurs by chance because a
sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. The sample
estimate and its estimated standard error enables one to construct confidence intervals, ranges that would include the average of all possible
samples with a known probability. For example, if all possible
samples were selected, each of these surveyed under essentially the
same general conditions and using the same sample design, and an
estimate and its estimated error were calculated from each sample,
then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one standard error below the estimate to one standard error above the estimate would
include the average result of all possible samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6 standard errors below the estmate to 1.6 standard errors above the estimate would
include the average of all possible samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2 standard errors
below the estimate to 2 standard errors above the estimate would include the average result of all possible samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a
large number of estimates and could be prepared at a moderate cost, a
number of approximations were required. First, the standard errors in
this report reflect the sample design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State estimates. Thus, these standard
errors may slightly overstate the standard errors applicable to the present design. Secondly, instead of computing an individual standard
error for each estimate, generalized sets of standard errors were computed for various types of characteristics. This generalization yields
more stable estimates of the standard errors. Consequently, the sets of
standard errors provided give an indication of the order of magnitude
of the standard of an estimate rather than the precise standard error.
Tables A and B show approximate standard errors for major
employment status characteristics for both monthly estimates and for
changes for consecutive months. These standard errors are applicable
to the level of the estimates in recent months.
Tables C through G provide generalized standard errors for monthly level and month-to-month change for estimated totals, unemployment rates, and percentages. Table H contains factors for use with
table G for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly level and month-to-month change for percentages. Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in the tables may be approximated by linear interpolation. The standard error for estimated
changes from one month to the next is more closely related to the
monthly level for the characteristic than to the size of the specific
month-to-month change itself. Thus, in order to use the generalized
standard errors for month-to-month change as given in the tables of
standard errors, it is necessary to obtain the monthly estimate for the
characteristic. It should be noted that the tables of standard errors for
month-to-month change apply only to estimates of change between
two consecutive months. Estimates of change for nonconsecutive
months are subject to higher standard errors. Table I contains factors
for use with tables C, E, G and H to compute approximate standard
errors, as described below, for levels, labor force participation rates,

176

and percentages as pertaining to year-to-year change of monthly
estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly
averages and changes in yearly averages. Note that standard errors for
changes in quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive
quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the standard errors must
be adjusted due to the differences in the sample size. For years prior to
1956, the standard errors should be multiplied by 1.S0 and for the
1956-1966 period they should by multiplied by 1.22.

of 12,000,000 is about 150,000. The 68 percent confidence interval as
shown by these data is from 11,850,000 to 12,150,000. Therefore, a
conclusion that the average estimate derived from all possible samples
lies within a range computed in this way would be correct for roughly
68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that the standard error of a
month-to-month change is primarily dependent on the size of the
monthly estimate. Thus, using linear interpolation in column one of
table D the standard error on a month-to-month change of 400,000
when the monthly level is approximately 12,000,000 is about 111,000.

Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability of an
Table A. Standard errors of major employment
status categories
(In thousands)

Standard error of—
Employment status, sex,
age, and race

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16-19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Black and other, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16-19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Monthly
level

Month-tomonth change
(consecutive
months only)

223
236
107

171
180
111

124
135

107
118
71

168

129
131

167
64

67

80
84
56

85
94
69

78
85
54

60
65
57

44
49
33

38
43
35

62
62
34

48
49
36

33
30
29

37
35
32

Standard errors for estimated totals. Tables C and D provide
generalized standard errors for monthly totals and for month-tomonth change. The figures given in these tables are to be used for the
characteristics as indicated.
Illustration. Assume that the tables showed that the number of persons working a specific number of hours was 12,000,000, an increase
of 400,000 over the previous month. Linear interpolation in the second column of table C shows that the standard error on an estimate

176




estimated unemployment rate or an estimated percentage, computed
using sample data for both numerator and denominator, depends on
both the size of the rate or percentage and the total upon which the
rate or percentage is based. Estimated rates and percentages are
relatively more reliable than the corresponding estimates of the
numerator of the rates or percentages; this is particularly true for
percentages of 50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are
not published when the monthly base is less than 75,000 or the annual
average base is less than 35,000.
Tables E and F show generalized standard errors for monthly level
and month-to-month change for unemployment rates.
Generalized standard errors for estimated monthly percentages and
estimated month-to-month change in percentages can be obtained
through the use of the standard errors in table G and the factors in
table H. First obtain the standard error from table G for the specific
percentage and base. The generalized standard error is then calculated
by multiplying the standard error from table G by the appropriate factor from table H. When the numerator and denominator of the
percentage are in different categories, use the factor indicated by the
numerator of the percentage.
Illustration. For example, assume that the tables show that 3.6 percent of a total of 90,771,000 employed persons are employed in
agriculture. First the standard error on an estimate of 3.6 percent with
a base of 90,771,000 is obtained from table G (0.09 percentage point).
The appropriate factor from table H for the numerator of the percentage, agricultural employment, is 1.26. The generalized standard error
on the estimated 3.6 percent is then approximately 0.09 x 1.26=0.1
percentage point.

Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly estimates,
quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages and
changes in yearly averages. The approximate standard errors of levels,
rates and percentages involving year-to-year change of monthly
estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly
averages and changes in yearly averages may be obtained by using
table I in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for
estimates of change are more closely related to the level of the estimate
than to the size of the specific change. Thus, to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an average level, rate or percentage, or an
estimate of a change in level, rate or percentage, it is first necessary to
find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate of an average
level, rate or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For
an estimate of change in level, rate or percentage, find the standard error of the average of the two estimates affecting the change. Then,
after computing the standard error by treating these estimates as monthly estimates and using the procedures above, multiply this result by a
suitable factor from table I to obtain the approximate standard error
for the average or change.
Illustration. For an example, suppose that one is interested in the
year-to-year change of a monthly unemployment rate. Let us assume
that the tables show that for a certain month the unemployment rate is
6.9 percent based on a total of 95,676,000 in the civilian labor force,
and that a year prior to this the unemployment rate was 6.1 percent
based on a total of 94,254,000 in the civilian labor force for the
month. First, the standard error on the average of the two estimates,
6.5 percent with a base of 94,965,000, is obtained from table E (0.11
percentage point). The appropriate factor then from table I is 1.40.
The approximate standard error on the change of 0.8 percentage point
is then given by 0.11x1.40=0.15 percentage point.

Table B. Standard errors of unemployment rates for major characteristics
Standard error of—
Selected categories

Monthly
IBV0I

Total (all civilian workers)
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years
White workers
Black (and other) workers
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present . . . .
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over . . . .

.11
.13
.17
.55
.11
.45
.12
.21
.11
.32
.06

Standard error of—
Selected categories

Consecutive
month change

.12
.18

Blue collar workers—Continued
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives . . . .
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

.35
.49
.62
.31
.55

.40
.55
.71
.34
.62

.12
.58
.22
.27
.36
.31
.25
.17
.21
1.09

.13
.66
.24
.30
.40
.35
.28
.19
.23
1.24

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and
salary workers
Construction
Manufacturing
*.
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities . .
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers . . .

.13
.20

.19
.37
.23
.20
.27

Consecutive
month change

OCCUPATION—Continued

.11
.13
.18
.65
.11
.47
.13
.22
.12
.40
.07

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators,
except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers

Monthly
level

.21
.41
.26
.22
.30

Table C. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(In thousands)
Characteristics1
Labor force data other than
unemployment and agricultural employment data
Estimated
monthly
level

Agricultural
employment

Total
or

white

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000.

13
18
41
57
81
113
137

10
14
32
45
64
90
109
125
139
166
188
219
249
253
260
260
254
221
143

Black
and
other

10
14
32
44
60
79
88
90
87
36

Total
or
white,
16-19 years

10
14
32
44
60
77
84
84
76

When determining the standard esror of an estimate for a
group which is a subset of the age, sex, race groups listed, use the
standard error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the




Total or
Black and
white males
other, ,
only, or
16-19 years
females only

10
14
28
33
13

9
13
30
42
59
82
99
113
124
146
161
177
178
164
131
49

Unemployment
Black and
other
males only,
or
females only

9
13
29
40
52
60
53
16

Total
or
white

10
14
31
44
62
87
106
122
135
163
182

Black
and
other

11
15
33
46
63
83
93

standard error on the estimated number of employed persons age
20 to 54 years use the column for total employed.

177

Table D. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(In thousands)
Type of characteristicl
Labor force data other than unemployment and agriculture employment data
Unemployment

Estimated monthly level
Total
or
white

Black
and
other

Total, or
white,
16-19 years

Black and
other,
16-19 years

8
11
24
34
47
66
81
93
103
123
130
163
179
189
194
195
191
179
119

8
11
23
33
45
58
65
68
65
33

12
17
37
52
70
89
96
93
78

12
17
33
37

50
100
500
1,000...
2,000...
4,000 ...
6,000 ...
8,000 ...
10,000..
15,000..
20,000 ..
30,000..
40,000 .
50,000
60,000 .
70,000
80,000 ,
100,000
120,000
l

See footnote 1, table C.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons

Total
or
white

Both sexes
16-19 years,
or part-time
labor force2

11
16
35
48
68
93
110
123
132
145
146

12
17
39
55
77
107
129
147
162
191
211

Black
and
other

Black
and other,
16-19 years

12
16
36
49
65
80

12
17
34
39

reentering the labor force, persons who left their last job, and
persons by duration of unemployment.

Table E. Standard errors of unemployment rates
Monthly base of unemployment
rate (In thousands)

50
100.. . .
500
1,000..
2,000 . .
4,000 . .
6,000 . .
10,000 .
20,000.
60,000.
100,000

178




Monthly unemployment rate
10

• 1

2.05
1.45
.65
.46
.32
.23
.19
.15
.11
.06
.04

2.88
2.04
.91
.65
.46
.32
.26
.21
.15
.08
.06

4.49
3.18
1.42
1.01

.71
.50
.41
.32
.23
.12
.10

15

20

25

30

35

50

6.18
4.37
1.96
1.38

7.36
5.20
2.33
1.65
1.17
.83
.67
.52
.37
.20
.16

8.25
5.83
2.61
1.84
1.31

8.93
6.32
2.82
2.00
1.42
1.00
.82
.63
.45
.25
.19

9.46
6.69
2.99

9.85
6.97

10.36
7.33
3.28
2.32
1.64
1.16

.98
.69
.57
.44
.31
.17
.13

.92
.75
.59
.41
.23
.18

2.12
1.50
1.06
.86
.67
.47

.26
.20

3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10

.90
.70
.49
.27
.21

.94
.73
.51
.28
.22

Table F. Standard errors of month-to-month change in unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate

Monthly base of unemployment
rate (In thousands)

50 . . . .
100 . . . .
500 . . . .
1,000...
2,000 . . .
4,000...
6,000...
10,000 .
20,000 .
60,000 .
100,000,

10

2.32
1.64
.74
.52
.37
.26
.21
.16
.11
.06
.05

3.28
2.32
1.04
.73
.52
.37
.30
.13
.15
.09
.07

5.12
3.62
1.62
1.15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.24
.13
.10

15

20

25

30

35

50

7.10
5.02
2.25
1.59
1.12
.79
.64
.49
.33
.18
.13

8.52
6.02
2.69
1.90
1.34
.94
.76
.59
.39
.21
.14

9.64
6.81
3.04
2.15
1.51
1.06
.86
.65
.44
.22
.14

10.05
7.11
3.17
'2.24
1.57
1.10
.89
.67
.48
.23

11.39
8.05
3.58
2.52
1.76
1.22
.97
.72
.51

11.97
8.39
3.73
2.62
1.83
1.26
1.00

12.55
8.87
3.93
2.74
1.89
1,26

Table G. Standard errors of estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for
labor force data
Percentage of monthly level
Monthly base of percentages
(In thousands)

50 . . . .
100 . . . .
500 . . .
1,000 .
2,000 . ,
4,000 .
6,000 ..
10,000 .
20,000 ,
40,000 .
60,000 .
80,000 .
100,000
160,000

1
or 99

2
or 96

5
or 95

10
or 90

15
or 85

20
or 80

25
or 75

30
or 70

35
or 65

50

2.03
1.43
.64
.45
.32
.23
.19
.14
.10
.07
.06
.05
.05
.04

2.85
2.02
.90
.64
.45
.32
.26
.20
.14
.10
.08
.07
.06
.05

4.44
3.14
1.41
.99
.70
.50
.41
.31
.22
.16
.13
.11
.10
.08

6.12
4.32
1.93
1.37
.97
.68
.56
.43
.31
.22
.18
.15
.14
.11

7.28
5.15
2.30
1.63
1.15
.81
.66
.51
.36
.26
.21
.18
.16
.13

8.15
5.77
2.58
1.82
1.29
.91
.74
.58
.41
.29
.24
.20
.18
.14

8.83
6.24
2.79
1.97
1.40
.99
.81
.62
.44
.31
.25
.22
.20
.16

9.34
6.61
2.95
2.09
1.48
1.04
.85
.66
.47
.33
.27
.23
.21
.17

9.72
6.88
3.07
2.17
1.54
1.09
.89
.69
.49
.34
.28
.24
.22
.17

10.19
7.21
3.22
2.28
1.61
1.14
.93
.73
.51
.36
.29
.25
.23
.18

NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by
the factors in table H to obtain the approximate standard error for

a specific type of characteristic.

Table H. Factors to be used with Table G to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and
month-to-month changes in percentages
Factor
Type of characteristic

Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force . . .
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than agricultural employment data and unemployment data:
Total
Males only
Females only
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Part-time labor force




Factor

Month-to-month
change

1.26
1.26

1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00

1.05
1.50

.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18

Type of characteristic

Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration
of unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment
characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Black and other:
Total
Both sexes, 16-19 years . . . .

Monthly level

Month-to-month
change

1.01

1.21

.97
., .97

1.08
1.21

1.04
1.04

1.13
1.24

170

Table I. Factors to be used with Tables C, E, G , H to compute the approximate standard errors of level, rates and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly
averages and change in yearly averages
Factors
Type of characteristic

Year-to-year change
of monthly estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in yearly
averages

Agricultural employment:
Total or male
Female or teenagers (16-19
years)
•
Part time

1.30

.89

.80

.72

.70

1.30
1.40

.83
.74

.80
.80

.58
.46

.70
.70

1.30

.88

.88

.67

.70

1.30
1.40

.82
.74

.88
.88

.57
.46

.70
.60

1.40
1.40

.76
.69

.88
.88

.50
.39

.65
.54

Labor force data other than agricultural employment data and
unemployment data:
Total or white
Black and other or teenagers
(16-19 years)
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time

180



Establishment data
(B, C, and D tables)
COLLECTION
Payroll reports provide current information on wage and salary
employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover in nonagricultural
establishments, by industry and geographic location.
Federal-State cooperation
Under cooperative arrangments, responding establishments report
employment, hours, and earnings data and/or labor turnover data to
State agencies. State agencies mail the forms to the establishments and
examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The
States use the reported data to prepare State and area series and also
send the reported data to the BLS (Washington Office) for use in
preparing the national series. This avoids a duplicate reporting burden
on establishments, and together with the use of similar estimating
techniques at the national and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates.
Shuttle schedules
Two types of data collection schedules are used: Form BLS
790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and Hours; and Form DL
1219—Monthly Report on Labor Turnover. The collection agency
returns the schedule to the respondent each month so that the next
month's data can be entered on the space allotted for that month. This
"shuttle" procedure increases comparability and accuracy of
reporting, since the respondent can see the figures that have been
reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total number of
jfull- and part-time workers on the payrolls of nonagricultural
establishments and, for most industries, employment, payroll, and
hours of production and related workers or nonsupervisory workers
for the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. Form DL
1219 provides for the collection of information on the total number of
accessions and separations, by type, during the calendar month, and
total employment during the pay period which includes the 12th of
the month.

CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 and Form DL 1219 are
classified into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. Since
January 1980, this information is collected on a supplement to the
quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports filed by employers. For
an establishment making more than one product or engaging in more
than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the industry indicated by the principal product or
activity.
All data on employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover for
the Nation and for most States and areas are classified in accordance
with the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SICM), Office of Management and Budget. The BLS tabulates and estimates
statistics which distinguish between private and public establishments,
thus maintaining continuity with previously published statistics for the
private and government sectors.
Industry employment
Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer
to persons on establishment payrolls who received pay for any part of




the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. For Federal
Government establishments, employment figures represent the
number of persons who occupied positions on the last day of the
calendar month. Intermittent workers are counted if they performed
any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid volunteer
or family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers in
households. Salaried officers of corporations are included. Government employment covers only civilian employees; military personnel
are excluded. Employees of the Central Intelligence and National
Security Agencies are also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick leave (when
pay is received directly from the firm), on paid holiday or paid vacation, or who work during a part of the pay period even though they
are unemployed or on strike during the rest of the period are counted
as employed. Not counted as employed are persons who are on layoff,
on leave without pay, or on strike for the entire period or who were
hired but have not yet reported during the period.
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports of
payrolls and hours for production and related workers in manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries. An exception
to the definitions below are the statistics on hours and earnings of
Federal Government employees, reported in table C-3, which are for
all Federal employees, both supervisory and nonsupervisory, for the
entire calendar month. When the pay period reported is longer than 1
week, figures are reduced to a weekly basis.
Production and related workers include working supervisors and all
nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving,
storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, maintenance,
repair, janitorial and guard services, product development, auxiliary
production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant), and recordkeeping
and other services closely associated with the above production operations.
Construction workers include the following employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers,
mechanics, apprentices, laborers, etc., whether working at the site of
construction or in shops or yards, at jobs (such as precutting and
preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction
trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not above the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical workers, repairers,
salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants,
nurses, social workers, research aides, teachers, drafters,
photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial
workers, attendants, line installers and repairers, laborers, janitors,
guards, and other employees at similar occupational levels whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who received pay for any part of
the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. The payroll is
reported before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and
unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds,
or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacations,
and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and
paid regularly each pay period), other pay not earned in the pay period
reported (e.g., retroactive pay), tips, and the value of free rent, fuel,
meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such
as health and other types of insurance, contributions to retirement,
etc., paid by the employer) are also excluded.

181

Hours cover the hours paid for, during the pay period which includes the 12th of the month, for production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours paid for holidays and vacations, and for sick leave when pay is received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production or related
workers for which overtime premiums were paid because the hours
were in excess of the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or the workweek during the pay period which includes the 12th of
the month. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtime
premiums were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard,
incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.
Gross average hourly and weekly earnings. Average hourly earnings
are on a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly
and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors as premium pay
for overtime and late-shift work and changes in output of workers
paid on an incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of
employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and
changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments. Averages
for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are
the actual return to the worker for a stated period of time; rates are
the amount stipulated for a given unit of work or time. The earnings
series do not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the
employer since the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by
employers, and earnings for those employees not covered under the
production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee
definitions.
Gross average weekly earnings estimates are derived by multiplying
average weekly hours estimates by average hourly earnings estimates.
Therefore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in gross
average hourly earnings but also by changes in the length of the
workweek. Monthly variations in such factors as proportion of parttime workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during
the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees are not paid
may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-term trends of gross average weekly earnings can be affected
by structural changes in the makeup of the work force. For example,
persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers
in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced
average workweeks in these industries and have affected the average
weekly earnings series.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates to the
average hours for which pay was received and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor
turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours
to be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group
averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that portion of
the gross average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for
which overtime premiums were paid. If an employee were to work on
a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total compensation his or
her holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no
overtime hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, gross weekly
hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from month to month; for example, overtime premiums may be
paid for hours in excess of the straight-time workday although less
than a full week is worked. Diverse trends at the industry-group level
also may be caused by a marked change in hours or employment for a
component industry where little or no overtime was worked in both
the previous and current months. In addition, such factors as stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence on overtime hours as on gross hours.
Railroads hours and earnings. The figures for class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are based on monthly data

182



summarized in the M-300 report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff
assistants (ICC group I) who received pay during the month. Gross
average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation
by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by
dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis,
by the number of employees, as defined above. Gross average weekly
earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by average
hourly earnings.
Spendable average weekly earnings. Spendable average weekly earnings in current dollars are obtained by deducting estimated Federal
social security and income taxes from average weekly earnings. The
amount of income tax liability depends on the number of dependents
supported by the worker, the worker's marital status and level of gross
income. To reflect these variables, the Bureau calculates two sets of
spendable earnings series based on the assumptions that the worker
earned the gross average weekly earnings and was taxed at the rates
applicable to either (1) a single worker with no dependents, or (2) a
married worker with three dependents who files a joint return. The
computations are based on gross average weekly earnings for all production or nonsupervisory workers in the industry division excluding
other income and income earned by other family members.
The series reflect the spendable earnings of only those workers, with
no dependents or three dependents, whose gross weekly pay approximates the average earnings indicated for all production and nonsupervisory workers. It does not reflect, for example, the average earnings of all married workers with three dependents; such workers, in
fact, have higher gross average earnings than workers with no
dependents.
Since part-time as well as full-time workers are included, and since
the proportion of part-time workers has been rising, the series
understates the increase in earnings for full-time workers. As noted,
"fringe benefits" are not included in the earnings. For a more complete discussion of the uses and limitations of these series, see the article by Paul Ryscavage, "Two Divergent Measures of Purchasing
Power," in the Monthly Labor Review for August 1979. Reprints of
this article are available upon request from the Bureau of Labor
Statistics.
"Real" earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are computed by
dividing the earnings averages for the current month by the Consumer
Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W),
and then multiplying by 100. This is done for gross average weekly
earnings and for spendable average weekly earnings. The level of earnings is thus adjusted for changes in the purchasing power of the dollar
since the base period (1967).
Average hourly earnings excluding overtime. Average hourly earnings
excluding overtime premium pay are computed by dividing the total
production-worker payroll for the industry group by the sum of total
production-worker hours and one-half of total overtime hours. Prior
to January 1956, these data were based on the application of adjustment factors to gross average hourly earnings (as described in the
Monthly Labor Review, May 1950, pp. 537-40). Both methods
are based on an assumption that earnings due to overtime are paid for
at 1 Vi times the straight-time rates. No adjustment is made for other
premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work,
and overtime rates other than time and one-half.
Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls and hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls and hours are prepared by dividing the current
month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures for 1967.
For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product of average
weekly hours and production-worker or nonsupervisory-worker
employment, and the payroll aggregates are the product of hour aggregates and average hourly earnings. At all higher levels of industry
aggregation, hour and payroll aggregates are the sum of the component aggregates.
Indexes of diffusion of changes in number of employees on
nonagricultural payrolls. These indexes measure the percent of industries which posted increases in employment over the specified time

span. The indexes are calculated from 172 unpublished seasonally adjusted employment series (two-digit nonmanufacturing industries and
three-digit manufacturing industries) covering all nonagricultural
payroll employment in the private sector. A more detailed discussion
of these indexes appears in "Introduction of Diffusion Indexes," in
the December 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.

ESTIMATING METHODS
The principal features of the procedure used to estimate employment for the establishment statistics are (1) the use of the "link
relative" technique, which is a form of ratio estimation, (2) periodic
adjustment of employment levels to new benchmarks, and (3) the use
of size and regional stratification.

Labor turnover
Labor turnover is the gross movement of wage and salary workers
into and out of employed status with respect to individual
establishments. This movement, which relates to a calendar month, is
divided into two broad types: Accessions (new hires and rehires) and
separations (terminations of employment initiated by either employer
or employee). Each type of action is cumulated for a calendar month
and expressed as a rate per 100 employees. The data relate to all
employees, whether full- or part-time, permanent or temporary, including executive, office, sales, other salaried personnel, and production workers. The inclusion of transfers to or from another establishment of the company as separations and accessions began January
1959.
Accessions are the total number of permanent and temporary additions to the employment roll, including both new and rehired
employees.
New hires are temporary or permanent additions to the employment
roll of persons who have never before been employed in the establishment (except employees transferring from another establishment of
the same company) or of former employees not recalled by the
employer.
Recalls are permanent or temporary additions to the employment
roll of persons specfically recalled to a job in the same establishment
of the company following a period of layoff lasting more than 7 consecutive days. (The collection of recalls, as a separate item, began
January 1976.)
Other accessions are all additions to the employment roll which are
not classified as new hires or recalls. These include transfers from
other establishments of the company and former employees returning
from military leave or other absences without pay who have been
counted as separations. Data on other accessions are not published
separately but are included in total accessions.
Separations are terminations of employment during the calendar
month and are classified according to cause—quits, layoffs, and other
separations—defined as follows:
Quits wee terminations of employment initiated by employees,
failure to report after being hired (if counted as new hires previously),
and unauthorized absences, if, on the last day of the month, the person has been absent more than 7 consecutive calendar days.
Layoffs are suspensions without pay lasting or expected to last more
than 7 consecutive calendar days, initiated by the employer without
prejudice to the worker.
Other separations, which are not published separately but are included in total separations, are terminations of employment because
of discharge, permanent disability, death, retirement, transfer to
another establishment of the company, and entrance into the Armed
Forces for a period expected to last more than 30 consecutive calendar
days.
Relationship of labor turnover to employment series
Month-to-month changes in total employment in manufacturing industries reflected by labor turnover rates are not strictly comparable
with the changes shown in the Bureau's employment series for the
following reasons: (1) Accessions and separations are computed for
the entire calendar month; the employment reports refer to the pay
period which includes the 12th of the month; and (2) employees on
strike are not counted as turnover actions although such employees
are excluded from the employment estimates if the work stoppage extends through the report period.




The "link relative" technique
From a sample composed of establishments reporting for both the
previous and current months, the ratio of current month employment
to that of the previous month is computed. This is called a "link
relative." The estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the current month
are obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month by
these "link relatives." In addition, small bias correction factors are
applied to selected employment estimates each month. The size of the
bias correction factors is determined from past experience. Other
features of the general procedures are described in table J.
Size and regional stratification
A number of industries are stratified by size of establishment
and/or by region, and the stratified production- or nonsupervisory
worker-data are used to weight the hours and earnings into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an
employment, hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table J, may be a whole industry or
a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size stratum of a region within an
industry. The labor turnover estimates are stratified by industry only.
Benchmark adjustments
Employment estimates are compared periodically with comprehensive counts of employment which provide1 "benchmarks" for the
various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate adjustments are
made as indicated. The industry estimates are currently projected
from March 1979 levels. Normally, benchmark adjustments are made
annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are employment
data, by industry, compiled quarterly by States agencies from reports
of establishments covered under State unemployment insurance laws.
These tabulations cover about 98 percent of employees on
nonagricultural payrolls in the United States. Benchmark data for the
residual are obtained from the records of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate Commerce Commission, and a number of
other agencies in private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared with new
benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are necessary, the
monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted
between the new benchmark and the preceding one, and the
new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month by use of the sample trends. Thus, under this
procedure, the benchmark is used to establish the level of employment; the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in
the level. A comparison of the actual amounts of revisions made at the
time of the March 1979 benchmark adjustment is shown in table K.
Data for all months since the last benchmark to which the series has
been adjusted are subject to revision. Revised data are published as
soon as possible after each benchmark revision.
THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the current employment statistics program is know as "sampling proportionate to average size of establish-

183

Table J. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover

Item

Basic estimating cell (industry, region,
size, or region/size cell)

Aggregate industry levels (divisions,
groups and, where stratified,
individual cells)

Monthly data
All employees

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
employees

All-employees estimate for previous
Sum of all-employee estimates for commonth multiplied by ratio of all emponent cells.
ployees in current month to all employees in previous month, for
sample establishments which reported for both months.

All-employee estimate for current
month multiplied by (1) ratio of
production or nonsupervisory workers to all employees in sample establishments for current month, (2)
estimated ratio of women to all employees.

Sum of production- or nonsupervisoryworker estimates, or estimates of
women employees, for component
cells.

Gross average weekly hours

Production- or nonsupervisory*worker
hours divided by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.

Average, weighted by production- or
rtonsupervisory-worker employment,
of the average weekly hours for component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours

Production-worker overtime hours divided by number of production
workers.

Average, weighted by production-worker
employment, of the average weekly
overtime hours for component cells.

Gross average hourly earnings

Total production- or nonsupervisoryworker payroll divided by total
production- or nonsupervisoryworker hours.

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of
the average hourly earnings for component cells.

Gross average weekly earnings ,

Product of gross average weekly hours
and average hourly earnings.

Product of gross average weekly hours
and average hourly earnings.

Labor turnover rates

The number of particular actions (e.g.,
quits) in reporting establishments
divided by total employment in
those firms. The result is multiplied
by 100.

Average, weighted by employment, of
the rates for component cells.

Annual average data
All employees, women employees, and production or
nonsupervisory workers
•
Gross average weekly hours

Average weekly overtime hours

See footnotes at end of table.

184




Sum of monthly estimates divided by
12.
Annual total of aggregate hours
(production- or nonsupervisoryworker employment multiplied by
average weekly hours) divided by
annual sum of employment.

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Annual total of aggregate overtime
hours (production-worker employment multiplied by average weekly
overtime hours) divided by annual
sum of employment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours
for production workers divided by
annual sum of employment for
these workers.

Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory workers
divided by annual sum of employment for these workers.

Table J. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, earnings, and
labor turnover—-Continued
Basic estimating cell (industry, region,
size, or region/size cell)

Item

Aggregate industry levels (divisions,
groups and, where stratified,
individual cells)

Annual average data—Continued
Gross average hourly earnings

Annual total of aggregate payrolls
(product of production- or
nonsupervisory-worker employment by weekly hours and hourly
earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls di
vided by annual aggregate hours.

Gross average weekly earnings

Product of gross average weekly hours
and average hourly earnings.

Product of gross average weekly hours
and average hourly earnings.

Labor turnover rates

Annual average aggregate (of each
labor turnover action) divided by
annual average employment.

Annual average aggregate (of each labor
turnover action) divided by annual
average employment.

The estimates result from multiplvina the product shown by
bias adjustment factors to compensate for the underrtpresentatlon
of newly formed enterprises in the sample and other bias sources.
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio,
average weekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly
earnings are modified by a wedging technique designed to com-

ment." This design is an optimum allocation design among strata
since the sampling variance is proportional to the average size of
establishments. Under this type of design, large establishments fall into the sample with certainty. The size of the sample for the various industries is determined empirically on the basis of experience and of
cost considerations. In a manufacturing industry in which a high proportion of total employment is concentrated in relatively few
establishments, a large percent of total employment is included in the
sample. Consequently, the sample design for such industries provides

Table K.
Comparison of nonagricultural employment
benchmarks and estimates for March 1979
Benchmark
March

Percent
difference

1979

Estimate
March
1979

88,654

88,207

0.5

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and

928
4,093
20,972

926
4,226
20,887

.2
-3,2
.4

5,045
19,809

5,060
19,690

-.3
.6

real estate
Services

4,876
16,829
16,102

4,870
16,749
15,799

.1
.5

Industry division

Total

Government




1.9

pensate for changes in the sample arising mainly from the voluntary
character of the reporting. The wedging procedure accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample, and at
the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of
the latest sample average.

for a complete census of the large establishments with only a few
chosen from among the smaller establishments or none at all if the
concentration of employment is great enough. On the other hand, in
an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is in
small establishments, the sample design calls for inclusion of all large
establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones.
Many industries in the trade and services divisions fall into this
category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by
available resources, it is necessary to design samples for these industries with a smaller proportion of universe employment than is the
case for most manufacturing industries. Since individual
establishments in these nonmanufacturing divisions generally show
less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than do
establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller samples (in
terms of employment) generally produce reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS employment and labor turnover statistics
programs, with their emphasis on producing timely data at minimum
cost, a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide reasonably reliable
estimates that can be published promptly and regularly. The present
sample meets these specifications for most industries. With its use, the
BLS is able to produce preliminary estimates each month for many industries and for many geographic levels within a few weeks after the
reference period and, at a somewhat later date, statistics in considerably greater industrial detail.

Coverage
The BLS sample of establishment employment and payrolls is the
largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social statistics.
Table L shows the approximate proportion of total employment in
each industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions shown.
Table M shows the approximate coverage, in terms of employment, of
the labor turnover sample.

185

Table L. Approximate size and coverage of BLS
employment and payrolls sample, March 19791

Industry division

Number of
establishments in
sample

Employees
Number
reported

Percent
of total

166,200

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities:
Railroad transportation (ICC)
Other transportation
and public utilities . .
Wholesale and retail
trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government:
Federal?
State and local

34,701,000

39

2,200
16,300
45,200

366,000
736,000
11,580,000

39
18
55

40

489,000

91

7,500

2,305,000

51

41,800

3,408,000

17

10,900
24,500

1,779,000
3,257,000

36
19

4,700
13,100

2,740,000
8,041,000

100
60

adjusts the estimates for changes in the industrial classification of individual establishments (resulting from changes in their product which
are not reflected in the levels of estimates until the data are adjusted to
new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed industry levels, particularly within manufacturing, changes in classification are the major
cause of benchmark adjustments. Another cause of differences arises
from improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. Table N
presents the average percent revisions of the five most recent benchmarks (excluding the March 1973 adjustment) for major industry
divisions. Detailed descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are
available from the Bureau upon request.

Since a few establishments do not report payroll and hours
information, hours and earnings estimates may be based on a
slightly smaller sample than employment estimates.
National estimates of Federal employment by agency are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area
estimates of Federal employment, are bated on a sample of 4,700
reports covering about 55 percent of employment in Federal
establishments.
Table M. Approximate size and coverage of BLS labor
turnover sample, March 1979
Employees
Industry
Number reported Percent of total

Table N. Average benchmark percent revision in employment estimates and relative errors for average weekly
hours and average hourly earnings by industry division
[In percent]

Industry division

Total nonagricultural employment
Total private
Mining
Contract construction . . .
Manufacturing
Durable
Nondurable goods . . .
Transportation and public
utilities
Trade
Wholesale
Retail
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government

Average
Relative errors
(in percent)
benchmark revision in Average Average
estimates weekly
hourly
of
hours earnings
employment1

0.3
.3
1.1
1.7
.3
.4
.4

0.1
.5
.2
.1
.1
.1

0.2
.5
.3
.1
.1
.1

.4
.3
.9
.2

.7
.1
.2
.2

.4
.2
.3
.2

.5
.6
.5

.2
.4

.4
.8

1

Total
Manufacturing
Mining
Telephone communication. . . .

9,987,000
9,093,000
194,000
700,000

44
43
21
68

The average percent revision In employment for the following
benchmarks: 1970, 1971, 1974, 1978 and 1979.
2 Relative errors relate to March 1971 data.
3 Estimates for government are based on a total count for
Federal Government and prior to the March 1979 revision, samples
for State and local government benchmarked to a quinquennial
census of government conducted by the Bureau of the Census.

Reliability of the employment estimates

Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment sample
assures a high degree of accuracy, the estimates derived from it may
differ from the figures that would be obtained if it were possible to
take a complete census using the same schedules and procedures. As
discussed under the previous section, a "link relative" technique is used to estimate employment. This requires the use of the previous
month's estimate as the base in computing the current month's
estimate. Thus, small sampling and response errors may cumulate
over several months. To remove this accumulated error, the estimates
are usually adjusted annually to new benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and response errors, the benchmark revision

186



The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating cells are not
subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader groupings may
be affected slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and
earnings estimates, however, are subject to sampling errors which may
be expressed as relative errors of the estimates. (A relative error is a
standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate.) Relative errors
for major industries are presented in table N and for individual industries with the specified number of employees in table O. The
chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours and earnings estimates
from the sample would differ by a smaller percentage than the relative
error from the averages that would have been obtained from a complete census.

One measure of the reliability of the employment estimates for individual industries is the root-mean-square error (RMSE). The
measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in estimates:
RMSE

Table P. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Root- mean- square
error o f —

(Standard Deviation)2 + (Bias)2
Category

If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that an estimate
from the sample would differ from its benchmark by less than the
root-mean-square error. The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the
difference would be less than twice the root-mean-square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based on the most
recent benchmark revisions) of differences between final estimates
and benchmarks are presented in table O.

Table O. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings

Size of employment
estimate

50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000

Root-meansquare
error of
employment
estimates *

2,100
4,400
7,100
15,200
17,100
28,500

Relative errors 2
(in percent)
Average
Average
hourly
weekly
hours
earnings
0.9
.7
.5
.4
.3
.3

1.5
1.1

.9
.8
.5
.5

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to March 1971 data.

For the two most recent months, estimates of employment, hours,
and earnings are preliminary and are so footnoted in the tables. These
figures are based on less than the total sample and are revised when all
the reports in the sample have been received. Table P presents rootmean-square errors of the amounts of revisions that may be expected
between the preliminary and final levels of employment and
preliminary and final month-to-month changes. Revisions of
preliminary hours and earnings estimates are normally not greater
than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1 cent for hourly earnings.

Monthly
level

Month-tomonth
change

69,000

63,000

5,000
21,000
25,000
3,700
2,500
14,000
30,000
7,000
30,000
43,000

5,000
19,000
24,000
3,500
2,500
14,000
26,000
6,000
25,000
36,000

300
700
1,100
3,900
3,800
6,000

400
700
1,100
4,100
3,900
6,100

INDUSTRY DIVISIONS
Total nonagricultural
employment
Mining
Contract construction
Manufacturing
Durable two-digit industries
Nondurable two-digit industries . .
Transportation and public utilities . . .
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate . . .
Services
Government

DETAILED INDUSTRIES. SIZE OF
EMPLOYMENT ESTIMATE
50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000

NOTE: Division level data are based on diffrences from January
1974 through March 1980. Detailed industry data are based on differences from August 1978 through June 1979.

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
State and area employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover
data are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with
BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Definitions for
all areas are published each year in the issue of Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May
issue). Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back cover of each issue. These statistics are based on the same
establishment reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates.
For employment, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from
the equivalent official U.S. totals on a national basis, because some
States have more recent benchmarks than others and because of the
effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification.
For the States and the areas shown in the B and C sections of this
periodical, all the annual average data for the detailed industry
statistics currently published by each cooperating State agency are
presented (from the earliest date of availability of each series) in a
summary volume published annually by the BLS.




Tables C-10, C-ll, and C-12 are compiled by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics from establishment data and from estimates of compensation and gross national product supplied by the U.S. Department of
Commerce and the Federal Reserve Board.
Definitions
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments
refer to hours paid for all employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final goods and services produced in a given period. Indexes of output per hour of labor
input, or labor productivity, measure changes in the volume of goods
and services produced per unit of labor.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries of employees
plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private benefit
plans. The data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplementary payments for the self-employed, except for nonfinancial
corporations, in which there are no self employed.

187

Real compensation per hour is compensation per hour adjusted to
eliminate the effect of changes in the Consumer Price Index for All
Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost required to
produce one unit of output and are derived by dividing compensation
per hour by output per hour. Unit nonlaborpayments include profits,
depreciation, interest, and indirect taxes per unit of output. They are
computed by subtracting compensation of all persons from the
current-dollar gross national product and dividing by output. In these
tables, unit nonlabor costs contain all the components of unit
nonlabor payments except unit profits. Unit profits include corporate
profits and inventory valuation adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the current-dollar
estimate of gross product by the constant-dollar estimate, making the
deflator, in effect, a price index for gross product of the sector
reported.

Notes on the data

For the private business sector and the nonfarm business sector,
these indexes relate to the gross domestic product less household and
institutions, owner-occupied housing, and statistical discrepancy. For
the nonfinancial corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross
domestic product of nonfinancial corporate business.
Manufacturing data have been revised to reflect revisions in the
Federal Reserve Board Index of Industrial Production. Output data
are supplied by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department
of Commerce, and the Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly measures
have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to annual
estimates of output (gross product originating) from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis. Compensation and hours data are from the
Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

State and area unemployment data
(E tables)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM

Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor market
areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under Federal assistance programs are developed by State employment security agencies under a
Federal-State cooperative program. The local unemployment
estimates which are derived from standardized procedures developed
by BLS are the basis for determining eligibility of an area for benefits
under Federal programs such as the Comprehensive Employment and
Training Act, the Public Works Employment Act, and the Public
Works and Economic Development Act.

ESTIMATING METHODS

Labor force and unemployment in 10 large States: New York,
California, Illinois, Ohio, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan,
Texas, Massachusetts, and Florida; and two areas: Los Angeles-Long
Beach metropolitan area and New York City, are sufficiently reliable
to be used directly from the CPS. For a description of the CPS concepts see "Household Data," above.
Monthly employment and unemployment estimates in the remaining 40 States and 214 labor market areas are prepared in several
stages.
1. Preliminary estimate—employment: The total employment
estimate is based primarily on data from the survey of establishments
which produces an estimate of payroll employment. This place-ofwork estimate must be adjusted to refer to place of residences as used
in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from place of work to place of
residence have been developed for the major categories of employment by class of worker and industry on the basis of employment relationships which existed at the time of the 1970 Decennial Census.
These factors are applied to the payroll employment estimates for the
current period to obtain adjusted employment estimates.
2. Preliminary estimate-unemployment: In the current month, the
estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the estimates for each of
three building block categories: (1) Persons wjio were previously
employed in industries covered by State unemployment insurance (UI)
laws; (2) those previously employed in industries not covered by these
laws; and (3) those who were either entering the labor force for the
first time or reentering after a period of separation. This is referred to
below as the Ul-based estimate.
188




An estimate for those previously employed in covered industries is
derived from a count of current unemployment insurance claimants,
plus estimates of claimants whose benefits have been exhausted, those
persons disqualified from receiving benefits for nonmonetary reasons
(because they quit, were discharged for cause, etc., but would otherwise have been eligible), and persons who eitherfiledclaims late or not
at all.
The estimate of those previously employed in industries not covered
by UI is derived by applying to the employment estimate for each noncovered industry or class of worker subgroup in the State, the ratio of
covered unemployment to covered employment weighted by factors
reflecting national historical relationships.
For the third category, new entrants and reentrants into the labor
force, a composite estimate is developed from equations that relate the
total entrants into the labor force to the experienced unemployed and
the experienced labor force. For each month, the estimate of entrants
into the labor force is a function of: (a) the month of the year; (b) the
level of the experienced unemployed; (c) the level of the experienced
labor force; and (d) proportion of the working age population that is
considered "youth." The composite estimate of total entrants is
defined as:
U - A ( X + E ) + BX, where
U * total entrant unemployment
E «total employment
X " total experienced unemployment
A,B« synthetic factors incorporating seasonal variation and
an assumed relationship between the proportion of
youths in the working population and the historical
relationship of entrants to the experienced unemployed
(B factor) or the experienced labor force (A factor).
3. Correction factors for employment and unemployment are then
applied at the State level to the Ul-based estimates obtained above for
each of the 40 States and the District of Columbia. These correction
factors are based on the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based estimates for
the 6 month period ending in the current month (e.g. a 6-month moving average).
4. Substate adjustment for additivity. Independent estimates of
employment and unemployment are prepared both for the State (obtained directly from the CPS in the 10 large States or by the Ul-based
method in the remaining States), and labor market areas (LMA's)

within the State* The total of the geographic areas in the LMA's exhausts the geographic boundries of the State. A proportional adjustment is applied to all substate LMA estimates to ensure that the
substate estimates of employment and unemployment add to the independent State totals. In California and New York, which also have
substate areas taken directly from the CPS, the additivity adjustment
for the remaining areas is applied to the State total minus the direct
CPS area.
5. Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year monthly
estimates prepared by State employment security agencies using UIbased estimating procedures are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to
the annual average CPS estimates for the 40 States for which monthly

CPS estimates are not available. This adjustment is necessary because
the State-prepared estimates are not as reliable as the CPS annual
averages due to differences in State UI laws, the structural limitations
of the' Ul-based estimating method, and errors in the UI data.
The benchmarked estimates are produced in three stages. First, the
monthly Ul-based estimates are adjusted by the ratio of the CPS to
the Ul-based annual averages. Second, the difference between the
ratio of annual averages for two consecutive years is wedged into the
monthly estimates in order to minimize the disturbance to the original
series. Finally, the second-stage estimates are forced into agreement
with CPS annual averages. In the 10 States which use CPS estimates
monthly, no benchmark correction is required, as the average of the
12 monthly State CPS estimates will equal the CPS annual averages.

Seasonal adjustment
Over a course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor force, the
levels of employment and unemployment, and other measures of
labor market activity undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal
events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make it
easier to observe the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the
series. In evaluating changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation
based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a
broader margin of possible error than the original data on which they
are based, since they are subject not only to sampling and other errors
but are also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment
process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and
establishment data are published regularly in Employment and Earnings.
The seasonal adjustment programs used for these series are based
on an adaptation of the standard ratio-to-moving average method.
They provide for *'moving" adjustment factors to take account of
changing seasonal patterns. A detailed description of the method is
given in the publication, The X-U Variant of the Census Method II
Seasonal Adjustment Program, Technical Paper No. 15, Bureau of
the Census (1967).
Beginning in January 1980, the BLS introduced two major
modifications in the seasonal adjustment methodology for data from
the household survey. First, the data are being seasonally adjusted
with a new procedure called X-11/ARIMA, which was developed at
Statistics Canada as an extension of the existing standard X - l l
method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-II
ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method, by Estela Bee Dagum,
Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E, September 1979. The X-ll
procedure was originally developed at the Bureau of the Census and
had been used by the BLS to seasonally adjust labor force series since
1973. Tests have shown that use of the X - l l ARIMA procedure,
which essentially places more emphasis on recent data, provides better
seasonal adjustments than does the X - l l method alone.
The second change is that seasonal factors are now being calculated
for use during the first 6 months of the year rather than for the entire
year. In July of each year, the BLS will calculate and publish (in
Employment and Earnings) a new set of seasonal factors for use in the
second half, based on the experience through June. Revisions of
historical data for the most recent 5 years will continue to be made
once a year, at the beginning of each calendar year.




All civilian labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well as
the major employment and unemployment estimates, are computed
by aggregating independently adjusted series. For example, for each
of the three major labor force components—agricultural employment,
nonagricultural employment, and unemployment—data for four sexage groups (males and females under and over 20 years of age) are
separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then added to derive
seasonally adjusted total figures. In order to provide seasonally adjusted total employment and civilian labor force estimates, the appropriate series are aggregated. The official unemployment rate for all
civilian workers is derived by dividing the estimate for total unemployment (the sum of 4 seasonally adjusted sex-age components) by the
civilian labor force (the sum of 12 seasonally adjusted sex-age components).
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor force series based on the experience through December 1979, new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate the overall unemployment rate for
the first 6 months of 1980, and a description of the current seasonal
adjustment methodology are published in the January 1980 issue of
Employment and Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the entire 5-year revision period for a broader range of labor force
series appear in the February 1980 issue of this publication. Many additional series, which are either components or aggregates of the series
presented, are available from the BLS upon request.
Beginning in July 1980, the BLS also uses the X-ll ARIMA
methodology in seasonally adjusting the establishment data, which
previously had been computed using the BLS Seasonal Factor
Method. All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative
models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors used in
calculating the current estimates are based on data through March of
1980. The ARIMA model options for projecting the data series for 1
year ahead have not been used in seasonally adjusting the establishment series.
Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to the component
levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for most of these series are then obtained by taking a weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data
for the component series. Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings
are the product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and
seasonally adjusted weekly hours. Average weekly earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by dividing average
weekly earnings, seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
(CPI-W), and multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsupervisory workers,

189

seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the 1967 base. For total private,
total goods-producing, total private service-producing, trade,
manufacturing, and durable and nondurable goods industries, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by
summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the 1967 base.
Seasonal factors were not computed for a number of series
characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trendcycle and/or irregular components. These unadjusted series are shown
and used in the aggregation to broader level seasonally adjusted series.
The seasonally adjusted establishment data for Federal Government
are based on a series which excludes the Christmas temporary help
employed by the Postal Service in December. The employment of
these workers constitutes the only significant seasonal change in
Federal Government employment during the winter months. Further-

190



more, the volume of such employment may change substantially from
year to year because of administrative decisions by the Postal Service.
Hence, it was considered desirable to exclude this group from the data
upon which the seasonally adjusted series is based.
For labor turnover rates, seasonal adjustment factors are applied
directly to the component series. These series are then aggregated to
obtain total levels (total accessions and total separations). These factors are derived by the X-U ARIMA Method using the trading day
option. As a result, these series arc adjusted for the number of times
each day of the week occurs in a given month, as well as for the month
of the year.
The revised seasonally adjusted series for the establishment data
reflect experience through March 1980. Seasonal factors to be used for
•current adjustment appear in the July 1980 issue of Employment and
•Earnings,

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
R E G I O N II - NEW Y O R K

REGION Ml

John Fitzgerald Kennedy Federal Bldg.

1515 B r o a d w a y - S u i t e 3400

3535 Market Street

1371 Peachtree Street, N.E.

Government Center

New Y o r k , N Y . 10036

P.O. Box 13309 ( Z i p 19101)

A t l a n t a , Ga. 30367

REGION I

BOSTON
Room 1603 A

Philadelphia, Pa.

Boston, Mass. 02203
REGION V

CHICAGO

REGION IV - A T L A N T A

PHILADELPHIA

R E G I O N VI

DALLAS

REGIONS V I I & VIM

K A N S A S CITY

REGIONS IX & X - S A N F R A N C I S C O

230 S. Dearborn Street

555 G r i f f i n Sq., 2 n d F l .

911 Walnut Street

450 Golden Gate Avenue, Box 36017

Chicago, I I I . 60604

Dallas, Tex. 75202

Kansas C i t y , Mo. 64106

San Francisco, Calif. 94102

COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES
State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program (LAUS), Current Employment Statistics Program (CESI, and
Labor Turnover Statistics Program (LTS)
BLS
Region
IV
X

ALABAMA

D e p a r t m e n t of I n d u s t r i a l Relations, I n d u s t r i a l Relations B u i l d i n g ,

ALASKA

E m p l o y m e n t S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , D e p a r t m e n t of L a b o r , P.O. B o x 3 7 0 0 0 . Juneau 9 9 8 0 2

IX

ARIZONA

VI

ARKANSAS

I X

CALIFORNIA

VIM

COLORADO

Room 427 Montgomery 36130

D e p a r t m e n t o f E c o n o m i c S e c u r i t y , P.O. B o x 6 1 2 3 . P h o e n i x 8 5 0 0 5
- E m p l o y m e n t S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , D e p a r t m e n t of L a b o r , P.O. B o x 2 9 8 1 , L i t t l e Rock
E m p l o y m e n t D e v e l o p m e n t D e p a r t m e n t , P O Box 1 6 7 9 , S a c r a m e n t o 9 5 8 0 8

72203

(CES).

D i v i s i o n o f E m p l o y m e n t and T r a i n i n g , 1 2 7 8 L i n c o l n S t r e e t ,
Denver 8 0 2 0 3

I

C O N N E C 7" IC U T

Hi

DELAWARE

Mi

DIST

OF C O L

- E m p l o y m e n t Security Division, Labor Department, 200 Folly Brook Boulevard, Wethersfleld 06109
Department of Labor
605

1

V

FLORIDA

University Plaza Office C o m p l e x , Bldg. D, Chapman R d . , Route 2 7 3 , Newark 19713

-Office of A d m i n i s t r a t i o n and Management Services, D.C. D e p a r t m e n t of Manpower, Suite 1 0 0 0 ,
G Street, N. W.( Washington 2 0 0 0 1

Department of Labor and E m p l o y m e n t Security, Caldwell Building, Tallahassee 3 2 3 0 4

I V

GE O RG i A

Department of Labor, 254 Washington Street, S.W., A t l a n t a 3 0 3 3 4

IX

H AWA M

Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, P.O. Box 3 6 8 0 , H o n o l u l u 9681 1

i DA HC

Department of E m p l o y m e n t , P.O. Box 35, Boise 83707

X

Bureau oi E m p l o y m e n t Security,

9 1 0 South Michigan Street, 15th f l o o r , Chicago 6 0 6 0 5

E m p l o y m e n t Security Division, 10 N o r t h Senate Avenue, I ndianapol is 4 6 2 0 4
D e p a r t m e n t of J o b Service, 1 0 0 0 East Grand Avenue, Des Moines 503 1 9
Division of E m p l o y m e n t , D e p a r t m e n t of Human Resources 4 0 1 Topeka Avenue, Topeka 6 6 6 0 3
Depdr trnent of Human Resources, 2 7b f
Department of I abcr p O Box 4 4 0 9 4
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