Full text of Employment and Earnings : January 1992

The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.

EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
January 1992




In this issue: 1991 annual averages
Revised seasonally adjusted labor force series
Data on union affiliation
Median weekly earnings for detailed occupations
Employee absences

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Lynn Martin, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of
Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of
Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in
cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief
description of the cooperative statistical programs of the
BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory
Notes. The State agencies are listed on the inside back
cover.

Calendar of Features

In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.

Household data
Annual averages
Union affiliation

Jan.

Employee absences

Correspondence concerning subscriptions, including address changes and missing issues, should be sent to the
Superintendent of Documents. Phone (202) 512-2303.

Jan.

Earnings by detailed occupation

Employment and Earnings may be ordered through the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Subscription price
per year $31 domestic and $38.75 foreign. Single copy
$10 domestic and $12.50 foreign. Annual supplement $11
domestic and $13.75 foreign. Prices are subject to change
by the U.S. Government Printing Office.

Jan.

Jan.

Revised seasonally adjusted series

Jan., Feb.

Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons
not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin,
Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans, family
relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty
area data
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.

Establishment data

Communications on material in this publication should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and Earnings,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC 20212.
Specific questions concerning the data in this publication should be directed as follows: Household data,
(202) 523-1944 or 1371; national establishment data,
523-1172; State and area establishment data, 523-1227;
productivity data, 523-9261; and State and area labor
force data, 523-1002.

National annual averages:
Industry divisions (preliminary)

Jan.

Industry detail (final)

Mar.

Women employees (final)

Mar.

National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and
new seasonal adjustment factors

Second class postage paid at Washington, DC, and at
additional mailing addresses.

June

Revised historical national data
State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

Information in this publication will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
(202) 523-1221, TDD phone: (202) 523-3926, TDD
Message Referral Phone Number: 1-800-326-2577.

Supplement1

May

State and area labor force data
Matetial in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without
permission.

Annual averages

ISSN 0013-6840




1

The latest supplement was published in July 1991.

May

Employment and Earnings
Vol. 39 No. 1 January 1992
Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Eugene H. Becker
Editors' Note
With this issue, seasonally adjusted unemployment and other labor force series derived from the Current Population Survey (household survey) have been revised to reflect updated seasonal adjustment
factors which incorporate the experience through December 1991. As a result, seasonally adjusted data
for the past 5 years are subject to revision. Revised current data appear in tables A-l, 2, 3 and 32-53.
Revised monthly data covering the 1987-91 revision period for over 400 series will appear in next
month's issue.
The article beginning on page 10 of this issue discusses the effects of the revisions, describes the seasonal adjustment methodology, and gives the new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate the
major civilian labor force series for January-June 1992.

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Employment and unemployment developments, December 1991
Revision of seasonally adjusted labor force series

2
8
10

Statistical tables:
HistoricalHousehold data
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings

14
86
121

Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Quarterly averages
Establishment data:
Employment:
National
State and area
Hours and earnings:
National
State and area
State and area labor force data

17
64

87
103
124
148
156

Seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Quarterly averages
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
Productivity data
Annual averages
Explanatory notes




44
53
99
145
153
162
241

Monthly Household Data

Page

Employment Status
A-l.
A-2.
A-3.
A-4.
A-5.
A-6.
A-7.
A-8.
A-9.
A-10.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1959 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1981 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1959 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school
enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
Employment status of persons in families by family relationship

14
15
16
17
20
21
22
24
25
26

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-l 1.
A-l2.
A-l3.
A-14.
A-l 5.
A-l6.
A-l7.
A-l 8.
A-19.
A-20.

Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed

persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
persons by occupation and sex
persons by industry and sex
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
persons by duration of unemployment
persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used. . .
jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used

27
28
29
30
31
31
32
33
34
34

Characteristics of the Employed
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.

Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
Employed civilians by industry and occupation
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status

35
36
37
38
39
39
40
40
41
42
43

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data




A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed in the
United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic
origin, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted

44
45
46
48
49
49
50
51
52
52

Quarterly Household Data

Page

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-42.
A-43.
A-44.
A-45.
A-46.
A-47.
A-48.
A-49.
A-50.
A-51.
A-52.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed in the
United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin,
seasonally adjusted
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted

53
54
55
57
58
59
59
60
61
62
62

Persons Not in the Labor Force
A-53.
A-54.
A-55.
A-56.
A-57.

Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and race, seasonally adjusted
Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and age
Persons not in the labor force by reason, race, Hispanic origin, age, and sex
Persons not in the labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by reason, sex, age,
race, and Hispanic origin
Work-seeking intentions of persons not in the labor force and work history of those who intend to
seek work within the next 12 months by sex, age, and race

63
64
65
66
67

Race and Hispanic-Origin Data
A-58.
A-59.
A-60.
A-61.
A-62.
A-63.
A-64.
A-65.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic
origin
Employment status of civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by sex and age
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and
economic categories
Employed civilians by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin

68
69
70
71
72
72
73
73

Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans Data
A-66.
A-67.

Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin . . .

74
74

Family Relationship and Weekly Earnings Data
A-68.
A-69.
A-70.
A-71.
A-72.
A-73.
A-74.
A-75.

Unemployment in families by type of family, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Unemployed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Employed civilians by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Median weekly earnings of families by type of family, number of earners, race, and Hispanic origin . . . .
Families with unemployed members and wage and salary workers by type of family and median
weekly earnings
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex

75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82

Metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and Poverty-nonpoverty Area Data
A-76.
A-77.




Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan, urban,
and rural areas by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race
and Hispanic origin

83
85

Monthly Establishment Data

Page

Employment-National
B-l.
B-2.
B-3.
B-4.
B-5.
B-6.
B-7.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1941 to date
Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

86
87
98
99
100
101
102

Employment-States and Areas
B-8.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

103

Hours and Earnings-National
C-l.

Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by detailed industry
C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles
(SIC 3761) manufacturing
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
C-7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls, seasonally adjusted

121
124
142
143
144
145
146
147

Hours and Earnings-States and Areas
C-8.

Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and
selected areas

148

Productivity Data

C-9.
C-10.
C-l 1.

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry,
seasonally adjusted
Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates

153
154
155

Monthly State and Area Labor Force Data




D - l . Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas

156

Annual Averages—Household Data
Page

Employment Status
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population, 1929 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1959 to date . . . .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school
enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
Employment status of persons in families by family relationship

162
163
164
167
168
169
171
172

Characteristics of the Unemployed
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.

Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed

persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
persons by occupation and sex
persons by industry and sex
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
persons by duration of unemployment
persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used

173
174
175
176
177
177
178
179
180
181

Characteristics of the Employed
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.

Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
Employed civilians by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
Employed civilians in nonagricultural industries by sex and class of worker 192
Employed civilians by industry, sex, and occupation
Employed civilians by industry, race, and occupation
Employed civilians in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, and race
Employed civilians by detailed industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or
part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status

182
183
184
185
191
193
194
195
196
200
200
201
201
202
203

Person Not in the Labor Force
35.
36.
37.
38.

Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and age
Persons not in the labor force by reason, race, Hispanic origin, age, and sex
Persons not in the labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by reason, sex, age,
race, and Hispanic origin
Work-seeking intentions of persons not in the labor force and work history of those who
intend to seek work within the next 12 months by sex, age, and race

204
205
206
207

Race and Hispanic-Origin Data
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.




Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by sex and age
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and
economic categories
Employed civilians by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployment rates, by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin

208
209
210
211
212
212
213
213

Annual Averages—Household Data
Page

Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans Data
47.
48.

Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and
Hispanic origin

214
215

Family Relationship and Weekly Earnings Data
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.

Unemployment in families by type of family, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Unemployed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Employed civilians by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Median weekly earnings of families by type of family, number of earners, race, and
Hispanic origin
Families with unemployed members and wage and salary workers by type of family and
median weekly earnings
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex

216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223

Union Affiliation Data
57.
58.
59.
60.

Employed wage and salary
and union affiliation
Employed wage and salary
Median weekly earnings of
union affiliation
Median weekly earnings of
union affiliation

workers by age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, full- or part-time status,
workers by occupation, industry, and union affiliation
full-time wage and salary workers by age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and

228
229
230

full-time wage and salary workers by occupation, industry, and
231

Employee Absences Data
61.
62.

Absences from work of employed full-time wage and salary workers by age, sex, marital status,
and presence and age of children
Absences from work of employed full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and industry

232
233

Metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and Poverty-nonpoverty Area Data
63.
64.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan,
urban, and rural areas, by sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in poverty and nonpoverty areas
by race and Hispanic orgin

234
236

Annual Averages—Establishment Data

Employment-National
65. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacting group
66. Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group

237
238

Hours and Earnings-National




67. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group

239

In the February 1992 issue of Employment and Earnings, the Bureau will begin publication of monthly seasonally adjusted data for the four census regions and nine divisions. In
addition, all occupation and industry data will be coded in accordance with the 1990 census
classification systems.




Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month

Release date

Reference month

Release date

January

February 7

April

May 8

February

March 6

May

June 5

March

April 3

June

July 2

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, December 1991

The Nation's job market showed continued weakness in
December. The unemployment rate rose two-tenths of a
percentage point to 7.1 percent from a revised 6.9 percent
in both October and November. Nonfarm payroll employment was little changed in December, following a large
decline in November.
Unemployment
The number of unemployed persons rose by 290,000 in
December to 8.9 million (after seasonal adjustment), and
the unemployment rate rose 0.2 percentage point to 7.1
percent. Prior to December, the unemployment rate had
held at about 6.8 percent between May and September
before edging up to 6.9 percent in October and November.
Since the recession began in July 1990, the jobless total has
grown by 2.1 million and the unemployment rate has risen
1.7 percentage points. (See table A-33.)
Jobless rates for adult men (6.6 percent) and adult
women (6.1 percent) edged up in December. Rates for
teenagers (19.3 percent), whites (6.3 percent), blacks (12.7
percent), and Hispanics (9.7 percent) were little changed
over the month, though mostly in an upward direction.
(See tables A-33 and A-34.)
Nearly all of the December increase in unemployment
occurred among persons who had lost their last jobs,
primarily those who had no expectation of being called
back to work. Since July 1990, the total number of job losers (including those on layoff anticipating recall) has increased by 1.8 million. Job losers accounted for 56 percent
of the unemployed in December. (See table A-41.)
Long-term unemployment (15 weeks and over) rose by
220,000 in December to a level of 2.8 million; the longterm unemployed accounted for about 1 out of every 3
unemployed persons in December, up from 1 in 5 at the
onset of the recession. Most of the over-the-month increase in long-term unemployment was accounted for by
persons jobless for 6 months or longer. (See table A-40.)
Total employment and the labor force
Total employment was little changed in December at a
seasonally adjusted level of 116.7 million. The number of
employed persons was about 1.2 million lower than when
the recession began. The employment-population ratio—
the proportion of the working-age population that is em8



ployed—was 61.2 percent in December, down 1-1/2 percentage points since July 1990. (See table A-33.)
The civilian labor force rose slightly in December, to
125.6 million, and the labor force participation rate, at
65.9 percent, was about unchanged. Over the past year, the
labor force has grown by only about half a million, reflecting the net effect of a pronounced decline in the teenage
labor force and only modest growth among adults.
Discouraged workers
The number of discouraged workers—persons who
want a job but are not looking for one because they think
that their search would be futile—was 1.1 million in the
fourth quarter of 1991, little changed from the previous
quarter. Since the recession began, the discouraged total
has expanded by some 270,000 persons, much less than the
increase registered during the 1981-82 downturn (about
700,000). (See table A-53.)
Industry payroll employment
Nonfarm payroll employment changed little in December following a decline of 265,000 in November. Private
sector employment declined throughout the entire fourth
quarter, led by decreases in goods-producing industries.
(See table B-4.)
Manufacturing lost 32,000 jobs; the industry's employment has shrunk by 1.2 million since January of 1989,
mostly in durable goods. Much of the December decline
came in transportation equipment, with autos losing 7,000
jobs (in a continuation of month-to-month fluctuations)
and aircraft manufacturing experiencing further declines.
Industrial machinery, fabricated metals, and instruments
sustained further job losses as well. In contrast, employment edged up in textiles, which, along with apparel, has
had steady gains since April.
Jobs in the construction industry held about steady in
December after declining by 88,000 in November. Seasonal layoffs normally occurring in both months were more
concentrated in November because of unusually bad
weather. About 600,000 construction jobs have been lost
since May of 1990. Mining employment continued its pattern of small but persistent losses.
In the service-producing sector, wholesale trade continued to lose jobs—15,000 in December—reflecting the
overall weakness in manufacturing and retail trade. Employment in retail trade changed little in December on a

seasonally adjusted basis, but overall Christmas hiring was
much weaker than usual in 1991. Transportation and public utilities lost 23,000 jobs, largely because two air carriers
ceased operations. Services added 38,000 jobs following a
slight decline in November; the December gains were
limited to the health services industry. Government employment has risen by about 100,000 in the last 3 months.
Weekly hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1
hour in December to 34.5 hours, following an equivalent
increase in the prior month. After dropping to 34.0 in
April 1991, the average workweek is back to the level of
mid-1989. The factory workweek and overtime also
increased 0.1 hour to 41.1 and 3.8 hours, respectively.
Manufacturing hours continue to be high by historical
standards. (See table C-5.)




The index of aggregate weekly hours increased by
two-tenths of a percent to 121.7(1982= 100) in December,
seasonally adjusted, following a slight increase in November. The index of manufacturing hours also gained 0.2 percent to 102.7, after declining for 3 months. (See table C-6.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of private production or nonsupervisory workers increased by 0.7 percent in December, seasonally adjusted. As a result of this and the small
increase in weekly hours, average weekly earnings increased 1.0 percent. Prior to seasonal adjustment, average
hourly earnings increased by 5 cents to $10.51, while average weekly earnings were up $5.92 to $362.25. Over the
past year, hourly and weekly earnings both rose 3.1 percent. (See tables C-l and C-7.)

Revision of Seasonally Adjusted
Labor Force Series

Robert J. Mclntire
The purpose of seasonal adjustment is to eliminate from
economic time series the influence of weather, holidays,
the opening and closing of schools, and other such seasonal events in order to make it easier to observe and analyze
the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. The seasonality which the adjustment process endeavors to eliminate is represented by seasonal factors.
The seasonal factors used for current adjustment are estimates of how much the original unadjusted values can be
expected to deviate from underlying trend-cycle levels due
to annually recurring behavior as projected from average
seasonal patterns in the recent past.
Even though seasonality involves regularly recurring
patterns, it does tend to change over time, creating a need
for periodic reestimation of factors and revision of recently
adjusted estimates. By including more recent data in the
estimation process, the revision process can provide better
estimates of how much the original, unadjusted estimates
actually deviated from underlying trend-cycle levels durRobert J. Mclntire is an economist and Chief of the Data Development Staff, Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

ing the recent period. This improves the historical seasonally adjusted data for that period. In addition, the new information is incorporated to produce the new projected
factors to be used for current seasonal adjustment.
Therefore, at the end of each calendar year, the Bureau
of Labor Statistics reestimates the seasonality of the unemployment, employment, and other labor force series
derived from the Current Population Survey by including
another full year of data in the estimation process. Based
on this annual reestimation, BLS issues the projected factors for the first 6 months of the new year as well as revised
estimates of historical seasonally adjusted data for the last
5 years. Each year's data are generally subject to five revision cycles before the values are considered final. The fifth
and final revisions in the earliest of the 5 years are usually
quite small, while the first-time revisions in the most recent year are generally much more substantial, although
even these rarely alter the essential trends observed in the
initial major estimates. This year's revisions incorporate
data through December 1991 and provide revised estimates for January 1987 through December 1991 for all
previously seasonally adjusted labor force series.

Table 1. Current seasonal adjustment factors for the 12 major civilian labor force components, January-June 1992
Procedure and series

January

February

March

April

May

June

Multiplicative Adjustment
(Divide factor into original value)
Agricultural employment:
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Men, 16 to 19 years
Women, 16 to 19 years

.887
.854
.596
.565

.884
.869
.600
.547

.926
.906
.738
.997

.987
.955
.892
.914

1.049
1.077
1.057
1.131

1.095
1.145
1.590
1.663

Nonagricultural employment:
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over

.986
.996

.988
.997

.992
.999

.994
1.001

.999
1.001

1.007
.996

Unemployment:
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over

1.208
1.040

1.190
1.031

1.130
.981

1.040
.932

.948
.974

.936
1.009

-290
-243

-294
-228

-245
-203

-203
-154

-123

363
315

0
-37

-12
-44

-20
-57

-97
-60

7
-4

Additive Adjustment
(Subtract factor from original value)
Nonagricultural employment:
Men, 16 to 19 years
Women, 16 to 19 years
Unemployment:
Men, 16 to 19 years
Women, 16 to 19 years

10



-166

189
212

Table 1 contains the new projected seasonal factors to be
applied during the first 6 months of 1992 to the 12 component series used in the computation of the seasonally adjusted civilian labor force and unemployment rate. (See
the section on aggregation procedures later in the article.)
Projected factors for the last 6 months of 1992 will be estimated in early July, based on data through June 1992, and
published in the July issue of this publication.
Effect of revisions
One of the criteria used to evaluate alternative methods
of seasonal adjustment is how close initial estimates are to
subsequent revisions. Policymakers and analysts must
make determinations based on current information. It is
important, therefore, that the initial estimates of current
factors for the seasonal adjustment of major economic series produce estimates of level and change that are as close
as possible to the improved estimates that will be made after more data have become available. Even though the revisions currently being released for the 1990 seasonally adjusted data are not final, the first revisions are, as mentioned above, usually the most substantial of the five that
will be made and often indicate the direction any subsequent revisions will take. Therefore, it is appropriate to
compare these first revisions with the initial estimates.
Table 2 shows the civilian unemployment rate for 1991 as
first computed and as revised, as well as the change due to
revision. Rounded to one decimal place as published, the
rate changed in 6 of the 12 months, with the absolute effect
of the changes never exceeding 0.1 percentage point in any
of those months. Compared to the initial estimates, the revised rates suggest slightly smoother behavior for the rate
during the year.
Table 2. Seasonally adjusted unemployment rates in 1991 and
change due to revision
Month
January
February . . .
March
April
May
June
July
August
September .
October . . .
November .
December .

As first
computed

As
revised

Char

6.2
6.5
6.8
6.6
6.9
7.0
6.8
6.8
6.7
6.8
6.8
1
7.1

6.2
6.5
6.7
6.6
6.8
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.8
6.9
6.9
7.1

0
0
-0.1
0
-.1
-.1
0
0
.1
.1
.1
0

1
This rate reflects the use of seasonal factors projected for December 1991
as published in the July 1991 issue of Employment and Earnings and was subject to revision before regular publication of December data.

Adjustment methods and procedures
The official seasonal adjustment procedure for the labor
force series is the X-ll ARIMA program, which was developed at Statistics Canada during the 1970's as an exten-




sion of and improvement to the widely used X-ll method
developed at the U.S. Bureau of the Census in the 1960's.1
The X-ll ARIMA method improves current estimates for
most series by allowing recent observations, especially
those of the last 6 months, to weigh more heavily in the
estimates of current and recent seasonal factors than did
the X-ll alone. The method provides this improvement
through the use of ARIMA models to extend the data series
by 12 months. The X-ll algorithm for seasonal adjustment
is then applied to the extended series.
ARIMA models. ARIMA projections are based only on the
past experience observed in a series itself. ARIMA models
have proved to have good properties for short-term projection or extrapolation of a large class of time series, especially in a seasonal adjustment context, since the extrapolations tend to track intra-year movements quite well. The
ARIMA models in the X-ll ARIMA program used to seasonally adjust the labor force series are of the Box-Jenkins
type 2
They can generally be described with the notation:
(p,d,q)(P,D,Q) TRANSFORMATION,
Where:
(1) p is the number of regular (nonseasonal)
autoregressive parameters
(2) d is the number of regular differences
(3) q is the number of regular moving average
parameters
(4) P is the number of seasonal autoregressive
parameters
(5) D is the number of seasonal differences
(6) Q is the number of seasonal moving average
parameters
(7) TRANSFORMATION may be NONE,
LOG, or POWER(n).
While the lettered elements within the parentheses of the
model specifications can theoretically take on many values, in practice, only small values are useful.
For each labor force series which has been extended
based on an ARIMA model, the model has been specifically
chosen as well suited to the particular series, based on a set
of established criteria. The criteria essentially require a
1
The primary documentation for the X-11 ARIMA procedure is the
The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method, by Estela Bee Dagum
(Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E, January 1983). (ARIMA is an
acronym for Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average.) The X-ll
method is described in The X-ll Variant of the Census Method II Seasonal
Adjustment Program, by Julius Shiskin, Alan Young, and John Musgrave
(Technical Paper No. 15, Bureau of the Census, 1967).
2
For a more detailed discussion of ARIMA models, refer to previously cited Dagum (1983) and to G.E.P. Box and G.M. Jenkins, Time Series
Analysis, Forecasting and Control (San Francisco, Holden Day, 1970);
and C.W.J. Granger and P. Newbold, Forecasting Economic Time Series
(New York, Academic Press, 1977).

11

model to: (1) fit the series well, (2) have low average forecasting errors in the last 3 years prior to the projected year,
and (3) produce residuals (the differences between the observed values and the values forecast by the model for the
observed period) which follow a random pattern. Acceptable ARIMA models have been identified and were used for
189 of the 215 labor force series which were directly adjusted at the end of 1991, including all 12 major civilian
labor force components, whose ARIMA models are shown
in table 3. The models for three of those major components—nonagricultural employment for men and for
women 20 years and over, and unemployment for women
20 years and over—are different from those used last year.
The 26 remaining series for which acceptable models have
not been identified were simply run through the X-ll part
of the program without any ARIMA extrapolations.
Table 3. ARIMA models used in end-of-1991 seasonal
adjustment for the 12 major civilian labor force components
Model

Transformation

Agricultural employment:
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Men, 16 to 19 years
Women, 16 to 19 years

(1,0,0)(0,1,1)
(0,1,4)(0,1,1)
(0,1,2)(0,1,1)
(2,1,2X0,1,1)

LOG
LOG
NONE
NONE

Nonagricultural employment:
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Men, 16 to 19 years
Women, 16 to 19 years

(2,1,2)(0,1,1)
(2,1,2)(0,1,1)
(2,1,0)(0,1,1)
(2,1,0)(0,1,1)

NONE
NONE
NONE
NONE

Unemployment:
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Men, 16 to 19 years
Women, 16 to 19 years

(0,1,3X0,1,1)
(0 1 3)(0,1,1)
(0,1,2X0,1,1)
(0,1,2X0,1,1)

LOG
LOG
NONE
NONE

Series

X-ll procedures. The procedures used for adjusting the labor force series within the X-l 1 part of the process were the
same as those followed last year. A 10-year time period,
including data from January 1982 through December
1991, was used for the adjustment of all the labor force series.
The X-ll method of seasonal adjustment contained in
the X-ll ARIMA procedure assumes that the original series,
including the 12 extrapolated observations if an ARIMA
model has been applied, is either the product or the sum of
three components—trend-cycle, seasonal, and irregular.
The method uses either a ratio-to- or difference-from-moving-average approach to estimate the components, depending on whether the multiplicative or additive model is
used. The seasonally adjusted series values are computed
by dividing each month's original value by the corresponding seasonal factor if the multiplicative model is used, or
by subtracting the factor if the additive model is used. Of
the 12 major civilian labor force components, the 4 teenage
unemployment and nonagricultural employment series
were adjusted using the additive model, and the other 8 series with the multiplicative model. Of all the 215 directly
adjusted series, 51 were adjusted with the additive model,
12




including most teenage employment and unemployment
series, for which the seasonal components were found to be
fairly independent of the trend-cycle.
Moving-holiday adjustment. Three of the series directly
adjusted with multiplicative models were seasonally adjusted using the moving-holiday extension of X-ll ARIMA
which was developed at BLS. These three series, all relating
to persons "at work" (that is, excluding those employed
persons "with a job not at work"), had tested as having significant and well-defined effects in their April data related
to the timing of Easter. The series are: (1 and 2) at work on
part-time schedules for noneconomic reasons, usually
work part time, all industries and nonagricultural industries, both of which are published monthly in seasonally
adjusted form; and (3) at work on full-time schedules, nonagricultural industries, a formerly published and still
maintained seasonally adjusted series. A detailed discussion of the nature of the Easter effect in these series and of
the procedure used to control for it as part of the seasonal
adjustment process was included in the January 1990 version of this article.
Six-month updates. The current official practice for the
seasonal adjustment of the labor force series involves the
running of all directly adjusted series through X-ll ARIMA
twice each year, after receipt of June and December data,
with 6 months of projected factors drawn from each run
and historical revisions drawn from the end-of-year run.
This practice allows, among other things, the prior publication of seasonal factors, which historically has been regarded by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and other statistical agencies as an important way of ensuring the openness
of their seasonal adjustment procedures, especially where
very sensitive indicators such as the unemployment rate
have been involved. In recent years, a number of research
studies, including a 1987 paper on the labor force series,3
have indicated that the alternative practice of concurrent
adjustment, where the seasonal adjustment procedure is
run with all available data each month and factors cannot
be published ahead of time, generally produces initial seasonally adjusted estimates requiring smaller revisions than
those produced by adjustment using projected factors. The
BLS is continuing to evaluate concurrent adjustment for
the labor force series, and concurrently adjusted alternative estimates for major labor force series are available to
interested users upon request.
Aggregation procedures
BLS maintains and publishes several hundred seasonally
adjusted labor force series in addition to the 215 directly
3
G.R. Methee and R.J. Mclntire, "An Evalution of Concurrent Seasonal Adjustment for the Major Labor Force Series," in the 1987 Proceedings
of the Business and EconomicStatistics Section, American Statistical Association; copies of a more complete version of the paper can be obtained
directly from the authors at the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

adjusted series discussed above. These additional series are
produced by arithmetically combining or aggregating the
directly adjusted series with each other or, in some cases,
with series on population or resident Armed Forces levels,
which are not seasonally adjusted because they are not
considered to have any significant seasonal variation. For
example, the seasonally adjusted levels of total unemployment, civilian employment, and civilian labor force, and
the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate for all civilian
workers, are all produced by aggregation of some or all of
the seasonally adjusted results for the 12 major civilian labor force components. The seasonally adjusted level of total unemployment is the sum of the seasonally adjusted
levels of unemployment for the four age-sex groups—men
and women 16 to 19, and men and women 20 years and
over. Seasonally adjusted civilian employment is the sum
of the seasonally adjusted levels of employment for the
eight employment components—the same four age-sex
groups as noted above employed in nonagricultural and
agricultural industries. The seasonally adjusted civilian labor force is the sum of all 12 components. The seasonally
adjusted civilian unemployment rate is calculated by taking the total seasonally adjusted unemployment level as a
percent of the total seasonally adjusted civilian labor force.
The principal reason for producing many of the major
seasonally adjusted estimates for the labor force by aggregation rather than by direct adjustment is that this approach ensures that the major seasonally adjusted totals
will be arithmetically consistent with at least one major set
of components. If the totals were directly adjusted along
with the components, such consistency would not, in all
likelihood, occur, since the X-ii is not a sum-preserving
procedure; that is, the sum of the result for two or more
directly adjusted series will not generally be the same as
the result of directly adjusting the sum of the unadjusted
versions of the same series. Another factor is that it would
generally be inappropriate to apply seasonal factors com-




puted for an aggregate series to the components of the aggregate. The various labor force components tend to have
significantly different patterns of seasonal variation; for
example, teenage unemployment tends to peak in June,
while unemployment of adult men tends to peak in the
winter months of January and February. In order to estimate properly these varying seasonal patterns, it is necessary to adjust the components directly. Of course, one of
the implications of producing seasonally adjusted estimates for many major series by aggregation is that exact
factors cannot be projected for those series. However, implicit seasonal adjustment factors can be calculated after
the fact by taking the ratio of the unadjusted aggregate to
the seasonally adjusted aggregate, or, for additive implicit
factors, the difference between those two aggregates.
Availability of revised series
This issue of Employment and Earnings contains revised data for the last 13 months and quarters for many
seasonally adjusted labor force series. Next month's issue
will provide the 1987-91 revisions for a few hundred of the
seasonally adjusted monthly labor force series most in demand. The revisions replace the data published in the February 1991 issue for 1987-90 and the seasonally adjusted
estimates for 1991 published during the past year. The seasonally adjusted data last published for 1986 and earlier
years were not further revised.
Additional data for any of the several hundred seasonally adjusted labor force series, as well as the January-June
1992 factors for any of the directly adjusted series beyond
the 12 major components, can be obtained from BLS upon
request. Requests for data or inquiries concerning seasonal adjustment methodology or the availability of machinereadable files of labor force data should be addressed to the
Data Development Staff, Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC 20212.

13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1959 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Year
and
month

Noninstitutional
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Unemployed
Civilian

Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
117,117

70,157

59.9

66,418

1,788

64,630

5,565

59,065

3,740

5.3

46,960

1

I960
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

119,106
120,671
122,214
124,422
126,503
128,459
130,180
132,092
134,281
136,573

71,489
72,359
72,675
73,839
75,109
76,401
77,892
79,565
80,990
82,972

60.0
60.0
59.5
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.8
60.2
60.3
60.8

67,639
67,646
68,763
69,768
71,323
73,034
75,017
76,590
78,173
80,140

1,861
1,900
2,061
2,006
2,018
1,946
2,122
2,218
2,253
2,238

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.4
6.5
5.4
5.5
5.0
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.4

47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602

1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979

139,203
142,189
145,939
148,870
151,841
154,831
157,818
160,689
163,541
166,460

84,889
86,355
88,847
91,203
93,670
95,453
97,826
100,665
103,882
106,559

61.0
60.7
60.9
61.3
61.7
61.6
62.0
62.6
63.5
64.0

80,796
81,340
83,966
86,838
88,515
87,524
90,420
93,673
97,679
100,421

2,118
1,973
1,813
1,774
1,721
1,678
1,668
1,656
1,631
1,597

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.8
5.8
5.5
4.8
5.5
8.3
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8

54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

169,349
171,775
173,939
175,891
178,080
179,912
182,293
184,490
186,322
188,081

108,544
110,315
111,872
113,226
115,241
117,167
119,540
121,602
123,378
125,557

64.1
64.2
64.3
64.4
64.7
65.1
65.6
65.9
66.2
66.8

100,907
102,042
101,194
102,510
106,702
108,856
111,303
114,177
116,677
119,030

1,604
1,645
1,668
1,676
1,697
1,706
1,706
1,737
1,709
1,688

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169
3,199

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434
109,232
111,800
114,142

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528

7.0
7.5
9.5
9.5
7.4
7.1
6.9
6.1
5.4
5.2

60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
62,888
62,944
62,523

1990
1991

189,686
191,329

126,424
126,867

66.6
66.3

119,550
118,440

1,637
1,564

117,914
116,877

3,186
3,233

114,728
113,644

6,874
8,426

5.4
6.6

63,262
64,462

1959

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1990:
December

190,483

126,761

66.5

119,093

1,617

117,476

3,284

114,192

7,668

6.0

63,722

1991:
January
February...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October ....
November
December

190,592
190,717
190,703
190,836
190,980
191,173
191,443
191,589
191,746
191,903
192,057
192,209

126,355
126,669
126,710
127,100
126,717
127,029
126,808
126,620
127,214
127,122
126,979
127,223

66.3
66.4
66.4
66.6
66.4
66.4
66.2
66.1
66.3
66.2
66.1
66.2

118,592
118,539
118,294
118,844
118,188
118,414
118,333
118,100
118,713
118,481
118,377
118,332

1,615
1,602
1,460
1,456
1,458
1,505
1,604
1,616
1,624
1,614
1,605
1,604

116,977
116,937
116,834
117,388
116,730
116,909
116,729
116,484
117,089
116,867
116,772
116,728

3,194
3,237
3,124
3,187
3,256
3,286
3,244
3,254
3,283
3,204
3,272
3,183

113,783
113,700
113,710
114,201
113,474
113,623
113,485
113,230
113,806
113,663
113,500
113,545

7,763
8,130
8,416
8,256
8,529
8,615
8,475
8,520
8,501
8,641
8,602
8,891

6.1
6.4
6.6
6.5
6.7
6.8
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.8
6.8
7.0

64,237
64,048
63,993
63,736
64,263
64,144
64,635
64,969
64,532
64,781
65,078
64,986

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation.

14




NOTE: Seasonally adjusted household survey data shown in tables
A-1, 2, 3 and 32-53 have been revised based on the experience through
December 1991. Data for 1987-91 are subject to revision. See the
article in this issue for additional information.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1981 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force

Sex, year,
and month

Unemployed

Employed

Noninstitutional
population

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Civilian
Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
MEN

1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

82,023
83,052
84,064
85,156
86,025
87,349
88,476
89,404
90,283

63,486
63,979
64,580
65,386
65,967
66,973
67,784
68,474
69,360

77.4
77.0
76.8
76.8
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.6
76.8

58,909
57,800
58,320
60,642
61,447
62,443
63,684
64,820
65,835

1,512
1,529
1,533
1,551
1,556
1,551
,577
,547
,520

57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892
62,107
63,273
64,315

2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511
2,543
2,493
2,513

54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381
59,564
60,780
61,802

4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530
4,101
3,655
3,525

7.2
9.7
9.7
7.3
6.9
6.8
6.1
5.3
5.1

18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376
20,692
20,930
20,923

1990
1991

91,122
91,951

69,705
69,810

76.5
75.9

65,906
64,992

,472
,399

64,435
63,593

2,507
2,552

61,928
61,041

3,799
4,817

5.4
6.9

21,417
22,141

1981
1982

1983
1984

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1990:
December

91,537

70,022

76.5

65,676

1,454

64,222

2,610

61,612

4,346

6.2

21,515

1991:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

91,590
91,650
91,587
91,652
91,720
91,839
92,023
92,100
92,185
92,270
92,356
92,439

69,609
69,734
69,735
69,876
69,726
69,825
69,810
69,711
70,171
69,931
69,849
69,847

76.0
76.1
76.1
76.2
76.0
76.0
75.9
75.7
76.1
75.8
75.6
75.6

65,272
65,050
64,877
65,146
64,831
64,859
64,858
64,820
65,216
65,037
65,004
64,857

1,453
1,439
1,314
1,310
1,303
1,345
1,431
1,442
1,449
1,440
1,432
1,431

63,819
63,611
63,563
63,836
63,528
63,514
63,427
63,378
63,767
63,597
63,572
63,426

2,506
2,538
2,470
2,529
2,582
2,614
2,582
2,570
2,579
2,535
2,568
2,485

61,313
61,073
61,093
61,307
60,946
60,900
60,845
60,808
61,188
61,062
61,004
60,941

4,337
4,684
4,858
4,730
4,895
4,966
4,952
4,891
4,955
4,894
4,845
4,990

6.2
6.7
7.0
6.8
7.0
7.1
7.1
7.0
7.1
7.0
6.9
7.1

21,981
21,916
21,852
21,776
21,994
22,014
22,213
22,389
22,014
22,339
22,507
22,592

Annual averages
WOMEN

1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

89,751
90,887
91,827
92,924
93,886
94,944
96,013
96,918
97,798

46,829
47,894
48,646
49,855
51,200
52,568
53,818
54,904
56,198

52.2
52.7
53.0
53.7
54.5
55.4
56.1
56.6
57.5

43,133
43,395
44,190
46,061
47,409
48,861
50,494
51,858
53,195

133
139
143
146
150
155
160
162
168

43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706
50,334
51,696
53,027

667
665
680
653
644
652
666
676
687

42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054
49,668
51,020
52,341

3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707
3,324
3,046
3,003

7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.5
5.3

42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376
42,195
42,014
41,601

1990
1991

98,564
99,378

56,719
57,057

57.5
57.4

53,644
53,448

165
164

53,479
53,284

679
682

52,800
52,602

3,075
3,609

5.4
6.3

41,845
42,321

52,580

3,322

5.9

42,207

52,470
52,627
52,617
52,894
52,528
52,723
52,640
52,422
52,618
52,601
52,496
52,604

3,426
3,446
3,558
3,526
3,634
3,649
3,523
3,629
3,546
3,747
3,757
3,901

6.0
6.1
6.2
6.2
6.4
6.4
6.2
6.4
6.2
6.6
6.6
6.8

42,256
42,132
42,141
41,960
42,269
42,130
42,423
42,580
42,518
42,442
42,571
42,394

1981
1982

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1990:
December....

98,946

56,739

57.3

53,417

163

53,254

99,002
99,067
99,116
99,184
99,260
99,334
99,421
99,489
99,561
99,633
99,701
99,770

56,746
56,935
56,975
57,224
56,991
57,204
56,998
56,909
57,043
57,191
57,130
57,376

57.3
57.5
57.5
57.7
57.4
57.6
57.3
57.2
57.3
57.4
57.3
57.5

53,320
53,489
53,417
53,698
53,357
53,555
53,475
53,280
53,497
53,444
53,373
53,475

162
163
146
146
155
160
173
174
175
174
173
173

53,158
53,326
53,271
53,552
53,202
53,395
53,302
53,106
53,322
53,270
53,200
53,302

1991:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September...
October
November....
December....

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.




688
699
654
658
674
672
662
684
704
669
704
698

NOTE: Seasonally adjusted data have been revised based on the experience
through December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-3.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1959 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Year
and
month

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployment rates

Civilian labor force
Total

Percent of
population

Employed

Unemployed

Total

Men

Women

Annual averages
1959

115,329

68,369

59.3

64,630

3,740

5.5

5.2

5.9

I9601
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8

5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7

1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1

5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988.
1989,

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613
186,393

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9
66.5

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3

6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9
6.2
5.5
5.2

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.6
5.4

1990
1991

188,049
189,765

124,787
125,303

66.4
66.0

117,914
116,877

6,874
8,426

5.5
6.7

5.6
7.0

5.4
6.3

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1990:
December.

188,866

125,144

66.3

117,476

7,668

6.1

6.3

5.9

1991:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

188,977
189,115
189,243
189,380
189,522
189,668
189,839
189,973
190,122
190,289
190,452
190,605

124,740
125,067
125,250
125,644
125,259
125,524
125,204
125,004
125,590
125,508
125,374
125,619

66.0
66.1
66.2
66.3
66.1
66.2
66.0
65.8
66.1
66.0
65.8
65.9

116,977
116,937
116,834
117,388
116,730
116,909
116,729
116,484
117,089
116,867
116,772
116,728

7,763
8,130
8,416
8,256
8,529
8,615
8,475
8,520
8,501
8,641
8,602
8,891

6.2
6.5
6.7
6.6
6.8
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.8
6.9
6.9
7.1

6.4
6.9
7.1
6.9
7.2
7.3
7.2
7.2
7.2
7.1
7.1
7.3

6.1
6.1
6.3
6.2
6.4
6.4
6.2
6.4
6.2
6.6
6.6
6.8

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

16




NOTE: Seasonally adjusted data have been revised based on the
experience through December 1991. See the article in this issue for
additional information.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race

(Numbers in thousands)

December 1991
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

. TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

190,605
13,206
6,602
6,603
17,872
107,959
42,206
20,032
22,173
39,077
20,619
18,458
26,676
14,717
11,959
21,155
10,575
10,580
30,413
10,027
8,261
12,124

125,108
6,352
2,499
3,853
13,514
90,075
35,253
16,691
18,562
33,253
17,587
15,667
21,568
12,323
9,245
11,768
7,020
4,749
3,398
1,976
898
524

65.6
48.1
37.8
58.4
75.6
83.4
83.5
83.3
83.7
85.1
85.3
84.9
80.9
83.7
77.3
55.6
66.4
44.9
11.2
19.7
10.9
43
.

116,549
5,186
1,945
3,240
12,024
84,800
32,731
15,449
17,281
31,530
16,618
14,911
20,539
11,759
8,780
11,264
6,741
4,523
3,276
1,896
869
511

8,559
1,166
553
613
1,489
5,275
2,523
1,241
1,281
1,724
968
755
1,029
564
465
505
279
226
123
80
29
14

68
.
18.4
22.1
15.9
11.0
59
.
72
.
74
.
69
.
52
.
55
.
48
.
48
.
46
.
50
.
43
.
40
.
48
.
36
.
40
.
33
.
26
.

65,498
6,854
4,104
2,750
4,359
17,884
6,952
3,342
3,611
5,824
3,033
2,791
5,108
2,394
2,714
9,387
3,555
5,832
27,014
8,051
7,363
11,600

25,749
402
70
332
1,443
11,380
4,578
2,108
2,469
3,770
2,005
1,765
3,032
1,438
1,595
4,196
1,868
2,329
8,328
2,568
2,295
3,464

9,552
5,992
3,885
2,107
2,249
1,281
830
507
323
330
205
125
122
12
50
21
11
10
9
4
4

3,816
23
7
16
76
1,714
382
149
234
598
245
353
733
351
383
817
422
395
1,187
272
257
658

26,380
436
142
294
591
3,510
1,163
578
585
1,127
578
549
1,220
534
686
4,353
1,256
3,097
17,491
5,207
4,807
7,477

91,008
6,641
3,367
3,274
8,733
52,911
20,795
9,845
10,950
19,165
10,151
9,014
12,950
7,206
5,745
10,017
5,055
4,962
12,706
4,541
3,643
4,522

68,008
3,214
1,210
2,004
7,118
49,098
19,469
9,179
10,290
17,917
9,553
8,363
11,712
6,646
5,067
6,671
3,954
2,717
1,906
1,055
536

74.7
48.4
35.9
61.2
81.5
92.8
93.6
93.2
94.0
93.5
94.1
92.8
90.4
92.2
88.2
66.6
78.2
54.8
15.0
23.2
14.7

63,025
2,557
930
1,627
6,265
46,009
18,010
8,454
9,557
16,887
8,965
7,922
11,112
6,331
4,780
6,350
3,770
2,580
1,843
1,011
522

4,983
657
280
377
853
3,089
1,458
725
734
1,030
589
441
601
315
286
321
184
137
63
43
14

73
.
20.4
23.1
18.8
12.0
63
.
75
.
79
.
71
.
57
.
62
.
53
.
51
.
47
.
56
.
48
.
46
.
50
.
33
.
41
.
27
.

23,000
3,426
2,157
1,269
1,615
3,813
1,327
667
660
1,249
598
651
1,238
560
678
3,346
1,101
2,245
10,799
3,486
3,107

584
13
14
56
262
116
51
66
88
47
41
57
23
35
99
44
55
154
38
40

4,827
3,174
2,089
1,085
1,146
496
374
244
130
100
53
47
22
12
10
5
5
5
1
3

2,160
21
6
15
50
1,116
264
101
163
410
160
249
442
220
222
483
267
216
490
143
124

15,430
218
63
155
363
1,939
571
271
300
652
338
314
716
305
411
2,760
785
1,974
10,150
3,303
2,940

315

7.0

310

5

1.6

4,206

77

1

222

3,907

99,597
6,565
3,235
3,330
9,139
55,048
21,410
10,187
11,223
19,912
10,468
9,444
13,726
7,512
6,214
11,138
5,520
5,618
17,707
5,486
4,618
7,603

57,100
3,138
1,289
1,849
6,395
40,977
15,785
7,512
8,272
15,337
8,033
7,303
9,856
5,677
4,179
5,097
3,066
2,031
1,492
921
362
209

57.3
47.8
39.8
55.5
70.0
74.4
73.7
73.7
73.7
77.0
76.7
77.3
71.8
75.6
67.2
45.8
55.5
36.2
84
.
16.8
78
.
28
.

53,524
2,628
1,015
1,613
5,759
38,791
14,720
6,996
7,725
14,643
7,653
6,989
9,428
5,428
4,000
4,913
2,970
1,943
1,432
885
347
200

3,576
509
274
236
636
2,186
1,064
517
548
694
380
314
428
249
179
184
95
89
60
36
15
9

63
.
16.2
21.2
12.7
99
.
53
.
67
.
69
.
66
.
45
.
47
.
43
.
43
.
44
.
43
.
36
.
31
.
44
.
40
.
39
.
42
.
42
.

42,497
3,427
1,947
1,481
2,744
14,071
5,626
2,675
2,951
4,575
2,435
2,140
3,870
1,834
2,036
6,041
2,454
3,587
16,215
4,565
4,256
7,393

25,166
389
71
318
1,387
11,118
4,461
2,058
2,404
3,682
1,959
1,724
2,975
1,415
1,560
4,097
1,824
2,273
8,174
2,530
2,256
3,388

4,725
2,818
1,796
1,022
1,103
785
455
263
192
230
152
78
100
60
39
16
5
11
3
3
1
-

1,656
2
1
_
26
597
118
47
70
188
85
103
291
131
160
334
155
179
697
128
132
436

10,950
218
78
140
228
1,570
591
306
285
475
240
235
504
228
276
1,593
470
1,123
7,341
1,904
1,867
3,570

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years

16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over




17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

December 1991
Civilian labor force
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over .

162,047
10,579
5,260
5,319
14,619
91,289
35,184
16,599
18,585
33,220
17,420
15,800
22,885
12,642
10,243
18,319
9,084
9,235
27,241
8,916
7,401
10,924

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over .

Age, sex, and race

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Percent
of
population

Employed

107,172
5,504
2,214
3,291
11,411
76,887
29,753
14,021
15,732
28,467
14,950
13,516
18,668
10,667
8,000
10,300
6,099
4,201
3,069
1,782
815
472

66.1
52.0
42.1
61.9
78.1
84.2
84.6
84.5
84.6
85.7
85.8
85.5
81.6
84.4
78.1
56.2
67.1
45.5
11.3
20.0
11.0
43
.

100,625
4,603
1,779
2,825
10,378
72,803
27,869
13,127
14,743
27,106
14,210
12,896
17,828
10,202
7,625
9,878
5,866
4,012
2,962
1,712
790
460

6,547
901
435
466
1,034
4,084
1,884
894
989
1,360
740
620
840
465
375
422
233
189
107
70
25
12

77,995
5,352
2,696
2,656
7,189
45,291
17,544
8,246
9,298
16,515
8,692
7,824
11,231
6,223
5,008
8,746
4,374
4,372
11,417
4,072
3,261
4,084

58,909
2,783
1,064
1,719
6,030
42,445
16,622
7,767
8,855
15,570
8,242
7,328
10,253
5,795
4,458
5,907
3,472
2,435
1,743
964
488
292

75.5
52.0
39.5
64.7
83.9
93.7
94.7
94.2
95.2
94.3
94.8
93.7
91.3
93.1
89.0
67.5
79.4
55.7
15.3
23.7
14.9
71
.

55,001
2,278
845
1,433
5,414
39,990
15,499
7,230
8,269
14,733
7,764
6,969
9,757
5,527
4.230
5,632
3,315
2,316
1,687
925
476
287

84,052
5,227
2,565
2,663
7,429
45,998
17,640
8,353
9,287
16,704
8.728
7,976
11,654
6,419
5,235
9,573
4,710
4,863
15,824
4,844
4,140
6,840

48,264
2,721
1,150
1,572
5,381
34,442
13,131
6,254
6,877
12,896
6,708
6,188
8,415
4,872
3,543
4,393
2,627
1,766
1,326
817
328
181

57.4
52.1
44.8
59.0
72.4
74.9
74.4
74.9
74.0
77.2
76.9
77.6
72.2
75.9
67.7
45.9
55.8
36.3
84
.
16.9
79
.
26
.

45,624
2,326
934
1,392
4,964
32,813
12,370
5,897
6,474
12,373
6,446
5,927
8,070
4,675
3,395
4,247
2,551
1,696
1,275
787
315
173

Percent
of
labor
force

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Total

Keeping
house

61
.
16.4
19.6
14.2
91
.
53
.
63
.
64
.
63
.
48
.
50
.
46
.
45
.
44
.
47
.
41
.
38
.
45
.
35
.
39
.
30
.
26
.

54,875
5,075
3,047
2,028
3,207
14,401
5,431
2,578
2,853
4,753
2,470
2,283
4,217
1,974
2,243
8,019
2,985
5,034
24,172
7,134
6,586
10,452

21,949
287
54
233
1,049
9,422
3,690
1,671
2,019
3,161
1,685
1,476
2,571
1,220
1,351
3,645
1,621
2,024
7,547
2,290
2,085
3,171

7,225
4,479
2,887
1,591
1,716
1,003
636
391
246
265
159
106
102
64
38
19
9
10
9
4
4

2,883
24
7
17
53
1,273
268
107
161
463
189
274
542
251
292
600
311
288
933
207
196
531

22,819
286
99
187
389
2,704
837
409
428
865
438
427
1,002
440
562
3,756
1,044
2,712
15,684
4,633
4,301
6,750

3,908
505
219
286
616
2,455
1,123
537
586
837
478
359
495
268
228
275
157
118
56
40
12
5

66
.
18.1
20.6
16.6
10.2
58
.
68
.
69
.
66
.
54
.
58
.
49
.
48
.
46
.
51
.
47
.
45
.
49
.
32
.
41
.
24
.
16
.

19,087
2,569
1,632
937
1,159
2,846
922
479
443
945
450
495
978
428
550
2,839
902
1,937
9,674
3,108
2,774
3,792

423
7
7
30
186
72
32
40
67
37
29
48
16
32
79
36
44
120
28
26
65

3,627
2,388
1,571
816
864
365
274
187
87
73
36
37
18
11
6
5
5
5
1
3
1

1,673
21
5
16
32
821
178
69
109
311
119
192
331
154
177
385
210
175
414
119
99
196

13,364
153
55
97
232
1,474
398
191
207
494
257
237
582
246
335
2,370
650
1,720
9,135
2,960
2,645
3,531

2,640
396
216
180
417
1,629
761
358
403
523
262
261
345
197
148
146
76
70
51
30
13
8

55
.
14.5
18.8
11.4
78
.
47
.
58
.
57
.
59
.
41
.
39
.
42
.
41
.
40
.
42
.
33
.
29
.
40
.
39
.
37
.
40
.
42
.

35,788
2,506
1,415
1,091
2,048
11,556
4,509
2,099
2,410
3,808
2,020
1,788
3,239
1,546
1,692
5,180
2,083
3,097
14,498
4,027
3,812
6,660

21,526
279
54
225
1,018
9,236
3,618
1,639
1,979
3,094
1,647
1,447
2,524
1,204
1,320
3,565
1,585
1,980
7,427
2,262
2,059
3,106

3,598
2,091
1,316
775
852
638
362
203
159
192
123
69
84
53
31
14
4
10
3
3
1
-

1,210
3
2
1
21
452
90
38
51
151
69
82
211
96
115
215
101
114
519
88
96
335

9,454
133
43
90
157
1,230
439
218
221
371
181
190
420
193
227
1,386
394
992
6,549
1,674
1,656
3,219

Number

Other
reasons

WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years

25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years

55 to 59 years

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years

70 to 74 years
75 years and over .

18




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)
December 1991
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

21,774
2,081
1,043
1,037
2,466
12,475
5,352
2,627
2,725
4,368
2,397
1,971
2,754
1,500
1,254
2,160
1,148
1,012
2,592
887
697
1,007

13,549
660
212
448
1,626
9,920
4,232
2,064
2,168
3,599
1,997
1,602
2,089
1,191
898
1,089
687
402
254
138
72
44

62.2
31.7
20.3
43.2
65.9
79.5
79.1
78.6
79.6
82.4
83.3
81.3
75.9
79.4
71.6
50.4
59.8
39.7
98
.
15.5
10.4
43
.

11,871
431
109
322
1,243
8,911
3,684
1,763
1,921
3,299
1,800
1,499
1,928
1,109
819
1,045
662
383
242
132
68
42

1,678
229
103
125
383
1,010
548
301
247
300
197
103
162
82
79
44
25
19
12
6
5
2

9,797
1,032
528
504
1,133
5,608
2,430
1,194
1,236
1,957
1,076
881
1,220
684
536
974
514
460
1,051
378
313
359

6,749
357
120
237
827
4,888
2,139
1,072
1,067
1,717
962
756
1,032
588
444
557
347
211
120
63
41
16

68.9
34.6
22.7
47.0
73.0
87.2
88.0
89.8
86.3
87.7
89.4
85.8
84.6
85.9
82.8
57.2
67.5
45.8
11.5
16.6
13.2
45
.

5,884
231
69
161
627
4,375
1,867
918
949
1,568
871
697
940
552
388
537
334
203
115
61
39
16

11,977
1,049
516
534
1,334
6,867
2,922
1,434
1,489
2,411
1,321
1,090
1,534
815
718
1,186
634
552
1,541
509
384
648

6,800
303
92
211
800
5,032
2,093
992
1,101
1,881
1,035
846
1,057
603
454
532
340
191
133
75
31
28

56.8
28.9
17.8
39.5
59.9
73.3
71.6
69.2
74.0
78.0
78.4
77.6
68.9
74.0
63.2
44.8
53.6
34.7
87
.
14.7
80
.
43
.

5,986
200
39
161
615
4,536
1,818
845
972
1,731
929
802
988
557
431
508
328
180
127
71
29
27

12.4
34.7
48.7
28.0
23.6
10.2
12.9
14.6
11.4
8.3
9.9
6.4
7.7
6.9
8.8
4.1
3.6
4.8
4.8
4.4

8,225
1,421
832
590
840
2,554
1,120
563
557
769
400
369
665
308
357
1,071
461
610
2,338
750
625
964

2,871
110
14
95
317
1,398
658
338
320
405
216
190
335
152
183
411
193
218
636
225
173
238

1,651
1,178
784
394
336
134
86
52
33
39
29
11
9
4
5
2
2

865
126
51
75
199
514
272
154
118
150
91
59
92
36
56
20
13
8
5
2
3

12.8
35.3
42.2
31.9
24.1
10.5
12.7
14.4
11.1
8.7
9.4
7.8
8.9
6.2
12.5
3.7
3.7
3.6
4.4

3,048
675
408
267
306
719
291
121
170
240
115
125
188
96
92
417
167
249
931
315
272
343

131

805
609
403
205
156
40
29
18
12
10
5
5

423

813
103
53
50
184
496
276
147
129
151
107
44
70
46
24
24
12
12
7
4
2
1

12.0
33.9
57.2
23.7
23.0
9.9
13.2
14.8
11.7
8.0
10.3
5.2
6.6
7.7
5.2
4.5
3.5
6.1
5.2
5.0

5,177
746
424
323
534
1,835
829
442
387
529
285
244
476
212
264
654
294
360
1,407
434
353
620

2,740
104
15
89
294
1,339
623
323
300
386
207
180
330
149
181
399
190
210
603
214
161
227

846
570
381
189
180
94
56
35
22
29
24
5
9
4
5
2
2

390

813
1
22
373
104
38
66
117
49
68
151
79
72
191
93
98
228
61
53
114

2,890
134
32
102
165
650
273
136
137
207
107
101
170
74
96
467
174
293
1,474
464
398
612

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

7
23
59
35
15
20
19
9
10
5
3
3
11
3
8
33
10
12
10

1
18
249
81
30
51
83
35
48
85
52
33
89
49
39
68
22
21
25

1,689
60
4
56
110
372
146
58
88
128
66
62
98
42
56
317
115
202
830
283
239
308

Women

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

4
124
23
7
16
34
14
20
66
28
39
103
44
59
160
38
33
89

1,202
74
28
46
55
278
127
77
49
80
41
39
72
32
40
150
59
92
645
182
159
304

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
December 1991
Civilian labor force
Age and sex

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

28,558
2,627
1,342
1,284
3,254
16,671
7,021
3,433
3,588
5,858
3,200
2,658
3,791
2,075
1,716
2,836
1,491
1,345
3,171
1,112
860
1,200

17,935
848
285
563
2,102
13,188
5,500
2,670
2,830
4,787
2,636
2,150
2,901
1,656
1,245
1,468
921
548
329
195
83
52

62.8
32.3
21.3
43.8
64.6
79.1
78.3
77.8
78.9
81.7
82.4
80.9
76.5
79.8
72.6
51.8
61.8
40.7
10.4
17.5
96
.
43
.

15,924
582
167
416
1,646
11,997
4,861
2,323
2,538
4,424
2,408
2,015
2,712
1,557
1,155
1,385
874
511
314
185
78
50

207
7
3
4
6
131
53
17
36
38
20
18
40
19
20
43
24
19
21
13
7
1

15,717
575
163
412
1,641
11,866
4,808
2,305
2,503
4,386
2,388
1,998
2,672
1,537
1,135
1,342
850
492
293
172
72
49

2,011
266
119
147
456
1,191
639
347
292
363
228
135
189
99
90
83
46
37
16
10
4
2

11.2
31.3
41.6
26.1
21.7
9.0
11.6
13.0
10.3
7.6
8.7
6.3
6.5
6.0
7.2
5.7
5.0
6.7
4.8
5.0
5.4

10,623
1,779
1,057
722
1,151
3,483
1,521
763
758
1,071
563
508
891
420
471
1,368
570
797
2,842
917
111
1,148

13,013
1,289
671
618
1,544
7,620
3,251
1,599
1,652
2,650
1,459
1,191
1,719
982
737
1,271
681
590
1,288
469
382
438

9,099
432
146
286
1,088
6,653
2,847
1,412
1,435
2,346
1,311
1,035
1,460
851
609
764
482
282
163
90
49
24

69.9
33.5
21.8
46.2
70.5
87.3
87.6
88.3
86.9
88.5
89.8
86.9
84.9
86.6
82.7
60.1
70.7
47.9
12.6
19.3
12.8
54
.

8,024
280
85
194
851
6,019
2,511
1,224
1,287
2,154
1,201
953
1,354
804
550
718
455
264
156
87
46
23

179
7
3
4
4
110
46
15
31
29
15
14
35
17
18
40
22
18
17
13
3
1

7,845
273
82
191
847
5,909
2,465
1,208
1,256
2,125
1,186
939
1,319
787
532
678
432
246
139
74
43
22

1,075
152
61
91
237
634
336
188
147
193
110
82
106
47
59
45
27
19
7
4
2

11.8
35.2
41.7
31.9
21.8
9.5
11.8
13.3
10.3
8.2
8.4
8.0
7.2
5.5
9.6
5.9
5.6
6.6
4.1
4.0

3,914
857
525
332
456
968
404
188
217
304
148
156
260
132
128
507
199
308
1,126
379
333
414

15,546
1,338
671
667
1,710
9,050
3,770
1,834
1,937
3,208
1,740
1,468
2,072
1,093
979
1,565
810
755
1,883
643
478
762

8,836
416
139
277
1,014
6,535
2,653
1,258
1,396
2,440
1,325
1,115
1,441
805
636
704
439
265
167
104
34
28

56.8
31.1
20.7
41.6
59.3
72.2
70.4
68.6
72.1
76.1
76.1
76.0
69.5
73.6
65.0
45.0
54.2
35.1
88
.
16.2
71
.
37
.

7,900
303
81
221
796
5,978
2,350
1,099
1,251
2,270
1,207
1,063
1,358
753
605
667
420
247
158
98
32
27

29

7,872
303
81
221
794
5,957
2,344
1,097
1,247
2,261
1,202
1,059
1,353
751
602
664
418
247
154
98
29
27

936
114
58
56
219
557
303
159
144
171
118
53
83
52
31
38
19
18
9
6
2
1

10.6
27.3
41.5
20.1
21.5
8.5
11.4
12.6
10.4
7.0
8.9
4.7
5.8
6.5
4.9
5.3
4.4
6.8
5.4
5.8

6,709
922
532
390
695
2,515
1,117
576
541
767
415
352
631
288
343
861
371
490
1,716
538
444
734

Employed
Percent
of
population

Total

Agriculture

Unemployed
Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

20




2
20
7
2
4
9
5
4
5
2
2
2
2
1
4

0

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over

Total
Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

188,866
124,630
66.0
117,287
2,943
114,344
7,343
5.9
64,236

190,605
125,108
65.6
116,549
2,862
113,687
8,559
6.8
65,498

83,208
64,575
77.6
60,881
2,205
58,676
3,695
5.7
18,633

84,367
64,793
76.8
60,467
2,134
58,334
4,326
6.7
19,574

92,042
53,284
57.9
50,697
578
50,119
2,586
4.9
38,759

93,032
53,962
58.0
50,896
597
50,299
3,066
5.7
39,070

13,616
6,772
49.7
5,709
160
5,549
1,063
15.7
6,844

13,206
6,352
48.1
5,186
131
5,054
1,166
18.4
6,854

160,942
106,948
66.5
101,505
2,738
98,768
5,443
5.1
53,994

162,047
107,172
66.1
100,625
2,655
97,970
6,547
6.1
54,875

71,868
56,071
78.0
53,213
2,046
51,167
2,858
5.1
15,797

72,644
56,126
77.3
52,723
1,962
50,761
3,403
6.1
16,518

78,171
45,050
57.6
43,229
544
42,685
1,821
4.0
33,121

78,824
45,542
57.8
43,298
568
42,730
2,244
4.9
33,282

10,903
5,827
53.4
5,063
148
4,916
764
13.1
5,076

10,579
5,504
52.0
4,603
124
4,479
901
16.4
5,075

21,448
13,478
62.8
11,859
127
11,731
1,619
12.0
7,970

21,774
13,549
62.2
11,871
160
11,711
1,678
12.4
8,225

8,577
6,340
73.9
5,641
101
5,540
699
11.0
2,237

8,765
6,393
72.9
5,654
140
5,514
739
11.6
2,373

10,737
6,386
59.5
5,729
20
5,710
657
10.3
4,351

10,927
6,497
59.5
5,786
17
5,769
711
10.9
4,431

2,134
751
35.2
488
7
482
263
35.0
1,382

2,081
660
31.7
431
3
428
229
34.7
1,421

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force




21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
December 1991
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Part
time1

Full
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

15,782
10,295
5,487

7,452
4,245
3,207

47.2
41.2
58.4

6,558
3,569
2,989

1,141
321
820

5,417
3,248
2,169

894
676
218

138
65
73

756
611
145

12.0
15.9
6.8

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

7,624
8,158
7,090
1,069

2,878
4,574
3,620
954

37.7
56.1
51.1
89.3

2,309
4,250
3,345
905

128
1,013
438
575

2,181
3,236
2,906
330

569
325
276
49

58
81
58
22

512
244
218
27

19.8
7.1
7.6
5.1

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,953
5,209
2,743

3,607
2,025
1,582

45.4
38.9
57.7

3,125
1,663
1,462

588
161
427

2,536
1,501
1,035

482
362
120

73
35
37

409
327
82

13.4
17.9
7.6

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

4,039
3,913
3,458
455

1,454
2,152
1.734
418

36.0
55.0
50.1
92.0

1,146
1,979
1,580
398

85
503
239
264

1,061
1,476
1,341
135

309
174
153
20

36
37
26
10

272
137
127
10

21.2
8.1
8.9
4.8

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,830
5,086
2,744

3,846
2,220
1,625

49.1
43.7
59.2

3,434
1,906
1,527

553
160
393

2,881
1,746
1,134

412
314
98

65
29
36

347
285
62

10.7
14.1
6.0

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,585
4,245
3,631
614

1,424
2,422
1,886
536

39.7
57.1
51.9
87.3

1,163
2,271
1,764
507

43
510
199
312

1,120
1,760
1,565
195

261
151
122
29

21
44
32
12

239
107
90
17

18.3
6.2
6.5
5.4

12,759
8,266
4,493

6,510
3,757
2,753

51.0
45.4
61.3

5,827
3,224
2,602

1,023
281
742

4,804
2,943
1,861

683
532
151

88
49
39

596
483
112

10.5
14.2
5.5

Men
Women

6,424
6,336

3,154
3,356

49.1
53.0

2,776
3,051

523
499

2,253
2,551

378
305

49
38

329
267

12.0
9.1

High school
College
Full-time students*
Part-time students

5,974
6,785
5,856
929

2,528
3,982
3,131
851

42.3
58.7
53.5
91.6

2,075
3,752
2,936
816

104
918
391
527

1,971
2,833
2,545
289

453
230
195
35

39
48
37
12

414
182
158
23

17.9
5.8
6.2
4.2

2,151
1,553
598

618
357
261

28.7
23.0
43.6

456
241
215

76
33
43

380
208
173

162
116
45

37
16
21

125
101
24

26.2
32.6
17.4

Men
Women

1,063
1,088

296
322

27.8
29.6

221
235

38
38

184
197

74
87

15
22

60
65

25.2
27.2

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

1,293
858
774
84

255
363
305
58

19.8
42.3
39.4
68.6

160
296
245
52

19
57
30
27

141
240
215
25

95
67
60
6

17
20
15
5

78
47
46
1

37.4
18.3
19.8
(2)

1,430
1,027
402

589
338
251

41.2
32.9
62.5

490
261
230

105
25
80

385
236
149

99
77
22

18
12
6

81
65
16

16.8
22.8
8.7

Men
Women

703
726

285
304

40.5
41.8

235
256

49
56

186
199

51
48

8
10

42
39

17.8
15.9

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

870
559
425
134

244
345
240
105

28.1
61.6
56.3
78.5

170
320
216
103

14
91
24
66

156
229
192
37

74
25
23
2

12
6
6

62
19
17
2

30.2
7.2
9.7
1.7

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years

16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

See footnotes at end of table.

22




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
December 1991
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Unemployed

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
15,296
2,911
12,385

12,413
2,107
10,306

81.2
72.4
83.2

10,652
1,617
9,035

8,843
1,108
7,736

1,808
509
1,299

1,762
490
1,272

1,592
436
1,157

169
55
115

14.2
23.3
12.3

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

3,732
7,529
2,653
1,382

2,377
6,281
2,424
1,331

63.7
83.4
91.4
96.3

1,748
5,444
2,221
1,238

1,374
4,436
1,145

375
1,008
333
93

629
837
203
93

560
762
179
92

69
75
24
2

26.4
13.3
8.4
7.0

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,421
1,431
5,990

6,726
1,190
5,536

90.6
83.1
92.4

5,698
895
4,803

4,926
654
4,272

772
241
531

1,028
295
733

966
271
695

62
24
38

15.3
24.8
13.2

1,923

1,573
3,442

1,222
549

1,174
537

81.8
92.3
96.1
97.8

1,195

3,728

2,938
1,074

490

1,017
2,510
930
468

178
428
144
22

377
504
100
47

356
All
88
45

22
26
12
2

24.0
14.6
8.5
8.8

7,875
1,479
6,395

5,687
917
4,770

72.2
62.0
74.6

4,954
722
4,232

3,918
454
3,464

1,036
268
768

733
195
538

626
164

108
31
77

12.9
21.3
11.3

1,809
3,801
1,431
833

804
2,839
1,250

553
2,506
1,147
748

357
1,926
958
677

196
580
189
71

251
333
102
46

204
285
91
47

47
49
11

795

44.4
74.7
87.3
95.3

31.2
11.7
8.2
5.8

12,438
2,313
10,126

10,406
1,747
8,658

83.7
75.6
85.5

9,155
1,379
7,776

7,661
967
6,694

1,494
412
1,082

1,251
368
883

1,130
329
801

121
39
82

12.0
21.1
10.2

Men
Women

6,117
6,321

5,659
4,747

92.5
75.1

4,916
4,239

4,299
3,362

618
876

743
508

707
423

36
85

13.1
10.7

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

2,964
6,021
2,218
1,236

2,003
5,166
2,042
1,195

67.6
85.8
92.0
96.7

1,543
4,590
1,904
1,118

1,224
3,791
1,613
1,033

318
799
291
85

460
576
138
77

402
523
130
76

59
54

23.0
11.2
6.7
6.4

2,396
528
1,869

1,668
302
1,365

69.6
57.3
73.1

1,218
190
1,027

954
102
852

263
88
176

450
112
338

406
97
310

44
15
28

27.0
37.1
24.7

Men
Women

1,101
1,295

887
780

80.6
60.3

637
581

505
449

132
132

251
199

227
180

24
20

28.3
25.5

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

672
1,288
354
83

318
947
321

167
711
265
75

116
530
235
73

52
180
30
2

151
236
56
7

140
219
40
7

11
17
16

82

47.4
73.5
90.7
98.7

47.5
24.9
17.4
8.7

2,061
446
1,615

1,528
305
1,223

74.2
68.3
75.8

1,326
239
1,087

1,107
171
936

219
68
151

202
66
136

185
60
125

17
6
11

13.2
21.6
11.1

Men
Women

1,119
942

1,004
524

89.8
55.6

858
4681

751
357

107
111

147
55

142
43

5
12

14.6
10.6

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1,072
777
173
39

717

66.9
79.6
90.0

602
555
138
31

497
460
119
31

105
94
19

116
64
17
5

105
58
17
5

11
6

16.1
10.3
11.1

Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

618

155
37

1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and




college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.

23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Total

Veteran status
and age

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Employed

Unemployed
Percent of
labor force

Number

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

5.1
5.2
7.6
5.2
4.2
4.9

5.5
5.9
5.2
5.1

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 35 years and over
35 to 49 years

35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 years and over

7,709
6,501
1,295
3,229
1,977
1,208

7,823
6,390
1,053
2,918
2,419
1,433

6,984
6,107
1,205
3,054
1,848
877

7,013
5,927
961
2,693
2,273
1,086

6,588
5,746
1,106
2,893
1,747
842

6,652
5,620
888
2,553
2,178
1,033

396
361
99
160
101
35

360
308
73

140
95
53

5.7
5.9
8.2
5.3
5.5
4.0

17,765
8,149
5,400
4,217

18,896
8,596
5,964
4,336

16,678
7,755
5,031
3,892

17,625
8,113
5,543
3,969

15,907
7,389
4,839
3,679

16,659
7,638
5,254
3,767

771
366
192
213

967
475
289
203

4.6
4.7
3.8
5.5

NONVETERANS

Total, 35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years

40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data

24




are limited to those 35 to 49 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
December 1991
Employed

Unemployed
Part time

Full time
Sex, age, and race

Total

Full-time
schedules1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time

Total

Voluntary1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

95,601
1,429
141
1,288
94,172
8,556
85,616
74,830
10,785

93,341
1,350
128
1,222
91,991
8,249
83,742
73,207
10,534

2,260
79
13
66
2,181
307
1,874
1,623
251

20,948
3,757
1,804
1,953
17,192
3,468

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

55,920
815
55,105
4,699
50,406
43,734
6,672

54,501
767
53,734
4,510
49,224
42,706
6,517

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

39,681
614
39,067
3,857
35,210
31,097
4,113

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

13,723
9,969
3,754

16,987
3,410
1,755
1,655
13,577
2,776
10,801
7,501
3,300

3,961
347
49
298
3,615
693
2,922
2,468
454

7,132
500
99
401
6,631
1,230
5,401
4,889
512

1,427
666
454
212
761
259
502
386
115

1,419
47
1,371
189
1,182
1,028
155

7,105
1,743
5,362
1,566
3,796
2,275
1,522

5,417
1,562
3,854
1,215
2,639
1,279
1,361

1,688
180
1,508
351
1,157
996
161

4,362
307
4,056
733
3,323
2,988
335

621
350
270
121
150
101
49

38,840
583
38,257
3,739
34,518
30,501
4,017

841
32
810
118
692
596
96

13,844
2,014
11,829
1,903
9,927
7,695
2,232

11,571
1,848
9,723
1,561
8,162
6,223
1,939

2,273
166
2,107
342
1,765
1,472
293

2,770
194
2,576
497
2,078
1,901
177

806
316
491
139
352
285
67

48,951
725
48,227
4,097
44,130
38,208
5,922

47,702
677
47,024
3,947
43,077
37,292
5,785

1,250
47
1,203
150
1,053
916
137

6,049
1,553
4,496
1,317
3,179
1,782
1,397

4,737
1,409
3,328
1,034
2,294
1,029
1,265

1,312
144
1,168
283
885
753
132

3,435
230
3,205
527
2,678
2,389
289

473
275
198
90
108
66
42

33,347
524
32,824
3,338
29,486
25,942
3,543

32,676
500
32,176
3,253
28,924
25,458
3,465

671
24
647
85
562
484
78

12,277
1,802
10,475
1,626
8,849
6,871
1,978

10,403
1,657
8,745
1,334
7,411
5,658
1,753

1,874
145
1,729
291
1,438
1,213
225

1,998
149
1,849
313
1,536
1,392
144

642
247
395
105
290
237
53

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,123
74
5,049
469
4,580
4,028
552

4,990
73
4,917
435
4,482
3,943
539

133
133
34
99
85
13

762
157
605
158
446
346
100

454
126
328
103
225
153
72

308
31
276
56
221
193
28

757
69
688
172
516
491
25

108
57
51
27
24
23
1

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4,900
62
4,838
425
4,413
3,973
439

4,764
56
4,708
404
4,303
3,878
425

136
6
130
21
109
95
14

1,086
139
948
190
758
563
195

774
121
653
143
510
373
138

312
18
295
47
248
190
58

683
44
640
159
481
458
23

130
59
71
25
46
38
8

White

Black

1

Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according




to whether they usually work full or part time.

25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)

December 1991
Civilian labor force

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Family relationship
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

Percent
of
Number
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

Total, 16 years and over1

99,578

66.1

92,768

6,810

6.8

51,175

20,902

8,562

2,628

19,083

Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force

39,777
26,534
1,206
12,037

77.2
91.2
90.2
57.1

37,935
25,393
1,046
11,496

1,842
1,141
161
541

4.6
4.3
13.3
4.5

11,732
2,552
131
9,050

201
102
4
94

186
105
8
73

1,009
424
37
549

10,335
1,921
82
8,333

Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force

30,423
26,439
1,301
2,683

59.1
69.7
70.7
22.9

29,086
25,393
1,141
2,552

1,337
1,046
161
131

4.4
4.0
12.3
4.9

21,086
11,496
541
9,050

15,977
9,964
468
5,546

405
332
29
44

460
148
13
299

4,244
1,053
30
3,161

Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

12,510
4,112
4,530
3,867

61.4
48.3
73.7
67.6

10,923
3,480
4,022
3,421

1,586
632
508
446

12.7
15.4
11.2
11.5

7,859
4,394
1,614
1,851

683
90
152
441

5,462
4,054
1,253
155

313
13
27
273

1,400
236
181
983

Women who maintain families

7,247

61.6

6,629

619

8.5

4,526

2,825

302

280

1,120

Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

5,588
1,141
1,526
2,921

57.2
40.3
69.4
61.6

4,616
831
1,265
2,520

972
310
261
401

17.4
27.2
17.1
13.7

4,180
1,688
672
1,820

837
109
162
566

1,850
1,433
336
81

372
6
15
351

1,121
140
159
822

Men who maintain families

2,282

75.8

2,084

197

8.7

727

73

38

95

521

Relatives in families maintained by men ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,751
242
459
1,051

62.2
49.1
76.1
61.1

1,495
181
395
919

257
61
64
132

14.7
25.3
13.9
12.6

1,065
251
144
670

306
22
35
249

319
222
73
24

99
3
5
91

341
5
31
305

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families
where the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the
Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women

26



who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates
shown in other tables in this publication because of differences in
definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men

Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons

Women
Unemployment
rates

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

4,324
1,678
613
2,034

4,983
2,062
689
2,232

6.3
3.9
8.4
11.1

7.3
4.9
9.4

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,321
1,406
475
1,439

3,908
1,763
544
1,601

5.6
3.7
7.8
9.5

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

841
204
122
515

865
204
125
536

12.5
6.4
12.2
20.1

12.1
21.4

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,009
1,554
595
860

3,473
1,934
658
880

5.2
3.8
8.5
9.1

White, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,365
462
593

2,787
1,649
520
618

Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

526
182
119
226

540
191
120
229




1,310

Thousands of
persons
Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

3,020
1,203
720
1,097

3,576
1,449
831

6.6
4.7
8.9

2,122

10.6
12.8
6.4

Unemployment
rates
Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

1,295

5.3
3.9
6.3
7.9

6.3
4.6
7.2
9.2

619

2,640
1,227
617
795

4.4
3.6
5.5
5.6

5.5
4.4
6.6
1.2

111
136
196
445

813
179
185
448

11.5
5.7
10.2
18.3

12.0
7.6
9.3
18.3

6.0
4.7
9.2
9.2

2,114

1,059
679
376

2,430
1,249
737
444

4.5
3.6
6.1
5.7

5.1
4.2
6.6
6.5

4.7
3.6
7.9
7.8

5.6
4.5
8.8
7.9

1,522
888
464
170

1,826
1,059
540
228

3.8
3.4
5.2
3.4

4.5
4.0
6.0
4.5

9.6
5.9
12.3
15.4

9.7
6.1

495
114
193
189

527
154
169
203

8.8
5.0
10.2

9.2
6.9
8.8
13.2

12.2

11.8

15.9

1,001
502

13.0

27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons

Occupation

Total

Unemployment rates
Men

Total

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

8,559

5.9

6.8

6.3

7.3

5.3

6.3

646
351
295

865
507
358

2.1
2.3
1.8

2.6
3.2
2.1

2.1
2.5
1.7

2.7
3.0
2.3

2.0
2.1
1.9

2.6
3.5
1.9

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,679
113
752
814

1,950
136
814
1,000

4.4
2.9
5.0
4.3

5.2
3.6
5.6
5.2

3.9
3.6
3.8
4.4

4.8
4.1
4.5
5.7

4.7
2.2
6.2
4.2

5.4
3.1
6.6
5.1

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,123
40
64
1,020

1,388
46
95
1,248

8.0
5.8
4.5
8.6

6.5

8.6

4.7
3.2
7.2

O

O

2.8
7.7

4.4
10.0

6.7
4.2
5.2
6.9

7.6
5.7
4.9
7.8

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

1,028
204
604
220

1,169
260
674
235

7.1
4.3
10.8
5.3

8.3
5.6
12.8
5.7

7.1
4.4
10.6
4.6

8.5
5.6
12.8
5.4

7.4
2.2
17.6
7.4

6.7
3.7
15.4
6.5

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

1,949
816
412
722
220
501

2,089
867
446
776
264
513

9.9
9.3
7.7
13.2
26.0
10.9

10.9
10.2
8.4
14.6
28.0
11.7

10.2
9.1
8.0
14.0
26.3
11.2

10.9
9.4
8.5
15.3
27.5
12.2

9.2
9.6
4.3
10.1

11.0
11.5
7.2
11.3

9.9

10.1

Farming, forestry, and fishing

268

287

8.2

8.8

8.1

8.8

8.8

9.2

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

621
416
89
116

759
509
148
101

Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

28



Dec.
1991

7,343

Women

0

O

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

Jnemployment rates

Total
Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

7,343

8,559

59
.

5,757

6,700

44
922

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience




Men

Total
Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Women

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

68
.

63
.

73
.

53
.

63
.

62
.

72
.

67
.

78
.

56
.

65
.

56
1,029

61
.
15.1

77
.
17.5

59
.
15.9

91
.
17.8

73
.
62
.

.
2
13.2

1,458
879
67
45
55
71
104
122
124
209
144
66
33
49
579
140
49
94
45
96
67
59
29

1,534
890
69
48
56
40
126
150
132
166
84
82
29
74
644
175
52
119
45
94
63
62
35

67
.
68
.
97
.
61
.
84
.
86
.
76
.
47
.
59
.
80
.
11.6
48
.
43
.
94
.
65
.
73
.
67
.
85
.
59
.
51
.
52
.
75
.
73
.

73
.
73
.
98
.
75
.
87
.
48
.
10.1
61
.
66
.
67
.
71
.
63
.
38
.
15.2
72
.
94
.
72
.
10.4
53
.
52
.
46
.
78
.
88
.

62
.
66
.
99
.
66
.
69
.
75
.
67
.
49
.
48
.
77
.
10.7
52
.
48
.
12.8
53
.
69
.
57
.
67
.
56
.
41
.
37
.
53
.
57
.

66
.
70
.
10.3
82
.
97
.
42
.
10.6
52
.
63
.
62
.
63
.
61
.
24
.
15.4
60
.
76
.
53
.
14.3
46
.
43
.
44
.
51
.
71
.

78
.
73
.
83
.
46
.
13.1
13.8
10.6
38
.
76
.
91
.
15.1
29
.
37
.
54
.
82
.
82
.
76
.
91
.
68
.
64
.
79
.
11.2
10.7

85
.
80
.
66
.
55
.
50
.
90
.
83
.
93
.
68
.
86
.
10.1
71
.
58
.
16.4
89
.
12.6
90
.
91
.
75
.
64
.
52
.
12.3
11.9

251
190
62
1,534
222
1,312
232
1,316
469
848

402
304
98
1,793
214
1,579
276
1,610
552
1,058

38
.
48
.
24
.
64
.
49
.
68
.
31
.
50
.
31
.
75
.

59
.
77
.
34
.
75
.
50
.
80
.
39
.
59
.
35
.
91
.

61
.
77
.
34
.
71
.
46
.
79
.
41
.
66
.
34
.
91
.

19
.
21
.
17
.
68
.
68
.
68
.
28
.
49
.
34
.
78
.

55
.
77
.
35
.
79
.
59
.
81
.
37
.
54
.
35
.
91
.

252
713
621

225
875
759

14.3

13.2
30
.
_

24
.
_

46
.
56
.
2.7
60
.
41
.
67
.
36
.
51
.
24
.
72
.
14.2
26
.
_

13.3

14.9

32
.
_

23
.
_

13.0
28
.
_

29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
unemployed
Reason for unemployment

Women,
20 years
and over

Men,
20 years
and over
Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

Dec.
1991

White

Black

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

1,166
285
57
228
139
272
470

5,443
3,046
1,049
1,997
744
1,317
335

6,547
3,955
1,107
2,848
723
1,420
450

1,619
790
179
612
167
480
181

1,678
968
198
769
90
437
183

100.0
23.6
5.7
17.9
15.2
27.6
33.6

100.0
24.4
4.9
19.6
11.9
23.3
40.3

100.0
56.0
19.3
36.7
13.7
24.2
6.2

100.0
60.4
16.9
43.5
11.0
21.7
6.9

100.0
48.8
11.0
37.8
10.3
29.6
11.2

100.0
57.7
11.8
45.9
5.4
26.1
10.9

3.7
2.4
4.3
5.3

4.5
2.2
4.3
7.4

2.8
.7
1.2
.3

3.7
.7
1.3
.4

5.9
1.2
3.6
1.3

7.1
.7
3.2
1.4

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

7,343
3,956
1,264
2,692
957
1,888
542

8,559
5,091
1,343
3,748
837
1,942
688

3,695
2,617
911
1,706
393
624
61

4,326
3,241
951
2,290
333
643
109

2,586
1,088
292
796
403
971
125

3,066
1,565
334
1,230
365
1,027
110

1,063
251
61
190
161
293
357

100.0
53.9
17.2
36.7
13.0
25.7
7.4

100.0
59.5
15.7
43.8
9.8
22.7
8.0

100.0
70.8
24.7
46.2
10.6
16.9
1.6

100.0 100.0
42.1
74.9
11.3
22.0
30.8
52.9
7.7 15.6
37.5
14.9
4.8
2.5

100.0
51.0
10.9
40.1
11.9
33.5
3.6

3.2
.8
1.5
.4

4.1
.7
1.6
.6

4.1
.6
1.0
.
1

2.0
.8
1.8
.2

2.9
.7
1.9
.2

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

30




5.0
.5
1.0
.2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
December 199 1
Total unemployed

Duration of unemployment

Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons

8,559

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

100.0

35.7

5,091
1,343
3,748
837
1,942
688

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

4,326

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

31.3

15.0

16.3

31.9
49.4
25.7
40.2
40.5
44.2

32.2
34.9
31.3
33.5
35.4
31.8

35.8
15.8
43.0
26.3
24.1
24.0

16.3
8.0
19.2
14.8
11.9
14.5

19.6
7.8
23.8
11.5
12.2
9.5

100.0

32.7

31.9

35.4

16.1

19.3

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

31.6
49.6
24.1
38.8
35.3
30.0

32.0
35.5
30.5
28.0
34.5
26.1

36.4
14.9
45.4
33.3
30.2
44.0

15.8
6.3
19.7
20.7
13.8
24.3

20.6
8.5
25.7
12.5
16.3
19.7

100.0

36.2

32.3

31.5

15.5

16.1

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

30.7
46.7
26.3
39.6
43.1
39.4

30.9
33.6
30.2
35.1
33.5
30.9

38.4
19.8
43.5
25.3
23.5
29.7

18.7
13.9
20.0
11.6
11.2
22.1

19.7
5.9
23.5
13.7
12.3
7.7

100.0

45.4

39.3

15.3

9.7

5.6

285
57
228
139
272
470

Women, 20 years and over

33.0

1,166

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

27 weeks
and over

1,565
334
1,230
365
1,027
110

Men, 20 years and over

15 to 26
weeks

3,066

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

Tntal
1 Uldl

3,241
951
2,290
333
643
109

Total, 16 years and over ...

1

Percent

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

42.5

42.4

15.1

8.6

6.5

0

0

0

0

0

37.9
45.0
43.1
48.7

17.1
12.3
12.4
18.0

45.0
42.7
44.5
33.3

10.5
9.2
10.0
10.4

6.6
3.2
2.4
7.6

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-16.

Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Full-time workers

Total
Duration of unemployment

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Dec.
1990
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks




Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

7,343

8,559

100.0

100.0

6,083

7,132

100.0

100.0

3,057
2,614
1,920
694
1,673
908
765
329
436

3,053
2,827
1,945
882
2,678
1,284
1,394
694
700

41.6
35.6
26.1
9.5
22.8
12.4
10.4
4.5
5.9

35.7
33.0
22.7
10.3
31.3
15.0
16.3
8.1
8.2

2,328
2,233
1,624
609
1,522
806
716
303
413

2,329
2,345
1,599
746
2,457
1,141
1,316
653
663

38.3
36.7
26.7
10.0
25.0
13.2
11.8
5.0
6.8

32.7
32.9
22.4
10.5
34.5
16.0
18.5
9.2
9.3

12.7
6.1

15.6
8.1

13.8
6.8

16.9
9.1

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17.

Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

December 1991

Unemployed
less than
5 weeks

Unemployed
15 weeks
and over

Dec.
1990

Median
duration

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,559
1,166
1,489
2,523
1,724
1,029
505
123

3,053
530
656
877
513
295
148
35

2,827
458
524
819
577
294
128
28

1,284
114
186
436
265
174
92
18

1,394
65
124
392
368
266
137
43

15.6
91
.
10.8
15.3
18.4
21.3
22.0
27.8

8.1
5.4
6.0
8.2
9.6
11.2
11.4
14.1

41.6
54.7
49.9
42.8
31.7
34.1
31.7
41.1

35.7
45.4
44.0
34.7
29.8
28.7
29.3
28.1

22.8
12.4
16.9
21.2
28.9
30.9
31.9
31.5

31.3
15.3
20.8
32.8
36.7
42.7
45.3
49.3

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,983
657
853
1,458
1,030
601
321
63

1,720
307
345
463
298
181
109
18

1,632
252
326
479
335
146
80
14

762
66
108
282
148
95
49
13

869
32
75
234
249
178
83
18

16.5
92
.
11.5
16.4
19.6
23.6
20.9

8.5
5.3
7.0
8.9
9.9
11.9
10.2

39.8
54.3
43.4
42.3
28.1
31.2
38.4

24.5
13.8
19.6
22.2
30.9
34.3
30.8

32.7
14.9
21.4
35.4
38.5
45.6
41.1

O

0

0

34.5
46.7
40.4
31.7
28.9
30.1
34.1

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,576
509
636
1,064
694
428
184
60

1,333
223
311
414
215
114
39
17

1,196
206
198
339
242
148
48
14

522
48
78
154
117
78
43
5

525
33
49
158
119
88
54
25

14.3
90
.
98
.
13.8
16.7
17.9
24.0

7.6
5.5
4.8
7.2
9.3
10.6
15.9

44.3
55.2
59.3
43.7
36.4
38.4
18.4

20.4
10.4
12.9
19.9
26.3
26.0
34.0

29.3
15.8
20.0
29.2
34.0
38.8
52.7

0

0

O

37.3
43.7
48.9
38.9
31.0
26.7
21.0

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

6,547
3,908
2,640

2,354
1,367
987

2,186
1,277
909

932
562
371

1,075
702
373

15.5
16.6
13.8

7.8
8.2
7.3

42.3
41.1
44.3

36.0
35.0
37.4

21.3
23.0
18.8

30.7
32.3
28.2

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,678
865
813

597
283
314

527
285
242

278
155
122

277
141
135

16.1
16.7
15.5

9.0
9.7
8.3

39.0
33.6
44.9

35.6
32.8
38.6

27.6
30.5
24.4

33.0
34.3
31.7

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,062
689
2,232

678
215
827

604
222
806

350
119
292

430
132
307

18.3
17.9
14.5

9.1
9.3
7.7

36.1
31.2
45.4

32.9
31.2
37.1

25.4
30.3
21.9

37.9
36.4
26.8

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,449
831
1,295

550
273
510

459
265
472

210
136
176

231
158
137

14.5
17.2
12.1

7.5
9.2
6.8

41.9
37.1
51.6

38.0
32.9
39.4

18.8
28.2
17.0

30.4
35.4
24.2

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

32




0

O

0

O

O

O

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Occupation and industry

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

Unemployed Unemployed
15 weeks
less than
and over
5 weeks
Dec.
1990

December 1991

Dec.
1991

Dec. Dec.
1990 1991

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

865
1,950
1,388
1,169
2,089
287

213
617
541
395
800
124

270
641
476
383
669
121

186
322
181
194
265
27

196
371
191
197
355
16

20.0
17.5
13.6
15.9
15.8
10.1

12.5
9.6
7.4
8.5
7.4
5.3

31.7
40.4
45.6
37.5
42.6
51.5

24.6
31.6
39.0
33.8
38.3
43.2

31.9
22.1
19.9
22.6
24.1
15.3

44.2
35.5
26.8
33.4
29.7
15.0

225
1,045
1,541
896
644
449
1,799
2,149
201

100
418
515
287
228
145
644
688
55

95
344
472
266
205
146
636
722
46

21
150
228
146
82
68
276
341
44

8
133
326
197
129
91
243
398
57

89
.
13.2
17.5
17.7
17.2
18.9
14.4
17.0
22.9

5.2
6.4
9.2
10.1
8.3
9.2
8.1
9.1
14.4

49.2
46.8
33.2
29.4
38.8
34.8
45.1
40.8
41.9

44.4
40.0
33.4
32.0
35.4
32.3
35.8
32.0
27.4

13.5
17.7
28.6
30.0
26.4
24.6
21.5
24.3
29.5

12.9
27.1
36.0
38.3
32.8
35.4
28.8
34.4
49.8

759

345

244

104

66

10.8

5.4

47.3

45.5

19.6

22.4

INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration
No previous work experience
1

Includes wage and salary workers only.




33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
December 1991
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Average
number of
methods
used

Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

7,162
1,105
1,281
2,076
1,401
802
390
106

23.0
8.2
21.7
27.6
28.5
26.6
21.4
10.0

8.4
3.6
6.4
8.6
10.4
12.3
11.6
6.9

74.2
83.3
70.8
74.0
73.8
73.6
65.3
64.6

39.4
25.6
39.9
44.6
41.2
41.3
40.6
34.4

22.4
16.8
19.9
23.5
26.8
25.1
21.3
18.2

4.4
3.0
2.7
3.6
5.7
7.8
4.6
9.8

1.72
1.40
1.61
1.82
1.86
1.87
1.65
1.44

4,983
657
853
1,458
1,030
601
321
63

3,957
608
701
1,129
789
439
236
55

25.3
9.5
25.9
28.7
31.9
27.4
24.4
(1)

8.4
3.1
5.1
9.3
10.7
13.9
10.5
(1)

74.0
81.3
68.2
74.5
74.8
78.0
61.3

37.6
25.7
38.6
42.8
39.9
38.7
35.6

25.0
15.6
24.1
28.5
28.9
26.9
19.9

5.7
4.2
2.6
5.1
7.5
10.1
8.0

1.76
1.39
1.65
1.89
1.94
1.95
1.60

0

O

O

0

0

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,576
509
636
1,064
694
428
184
60

3,205
497
579
948
612
364
154
51

20.2
6.5
16.8
26.4
24.2
25.5
16.9

8.3
4.3
8.0
7.9
10.0
10.4
13.2

74.5
85.8
74.0
73.5
72.5
68.3
71.5

41.6
25.5
41.5
46.8
42.9
44.4
48.4

2.7
1.5
2.7
1.8
3.5
5.1
_

1.67
1.42
1.58
1.74
1.77
1.77
1.73

O

O

O

O

19.3
18.2
14.8
17.6
24.1
22.9
23.4
(1)

0

0

White, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

6,547
3,908
2,640

5,397
3,052
2,345

22.8
25.5
19.4

8.6
9.1
8.0

75.0
74.9
75.2

40.2
37.4
43.7

22.5
24.5
19.9

4.5
6.0
2.5

1.74
.77
.69

Black, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

1,678
865
813

1,471
723
749

23.8
25.2
22.5

7.9
5.8
9.8

73.9
73.3
74.4

35.2
36.2
34.3

21.2
25.6
16.9

3.2
4.2
2.2

.65
.70
.60

Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,559
1,166
1,489
2,523
1,724
1,029
505
123

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

Friends
Other
relatives

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

A-20. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
December 1991
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Thousands of persons
Sex and reason
Total
unemployed

Private
employment
agency

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

7,162
3,725
821
1,928
687

23.0
29.6
22.0
16.9
5.9

8.4
10.3
7.4
6.9
2.8

74.2
74.6
77.7
70.3
78.8

39.4
43.2
38.8
36.4
28.4

22.4
26.7
20.7
17.1
16.8

4.4
4.8
1.8
4.9
3.4

1.72
1.89
1.68
1.52
1.36

8.4
9.6
7.1
8.7
1.3

74.0
74.7
78.6
70.2
72.0

37.6
41.5
34.5
30.9
29.4

25.0
27.7
25.7
18.7
19.3

5.7
5.8
2.2
7.2
5.3

1.76
1.90
1.68
1.54
1.34

8.3
11.8
7.8
5.7
4.3

74.5
74.3
76.9
70.4
85.3

41.6
46.4
42.6
40.2
27.5

19.3
24.7
16.1
15.9
14.3

2.7
3.0
1.4
3.3
1.7

1.67
1.87
1.69
1.51
1.38

Total, 16 years and over ....
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

8,559
5,091
837
1,942

Men, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

4,983
3,444
399
803
338

3,957
2,432

390
797
337

25.3
30.9
19.8
18.8
6.5

Women, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,576
1,647
438
1,140
351

3,205
1,293
431
1,131
350

20.2
27.1
24.0
15.6
5.3

688

1
Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

34




Average
number of
methods
used

Public
employment
agency

Total
jobseekers

Other

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Total
Industry and age

Men

Women

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

All industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

117,287
5,709
2,105
3,604
12,408
84,194
33,494
30,841
19,859
11,639
6,952
4,687
3,337

116,549
5,186
1,945
3,240
12,024
84,800
32,731
31,530
20,539
11,264
6,741
4,523
3,276

63,788
2,908
1,043
1,864
6,450

63,025
2,557
930

53,499

45,898

46,009

18,420

18,010
16,887
11,112

15,074
14,128

53,524
2,628
1,015
1,613
5,759
38,791
14,720

6,350
3,770

4,913

1,843

5,010
3,021
1,989
1,433

Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

2,943
160
68
91
312
1,823
737
628
458
400
198
202
248

2,862
131
64
67
275
1,743
709
587
447
461
251
209
252

2,340
136
58

2,239
106
44

602
24
10

77
262
1,399
589
466
344
324
161
164
220

61
233
1,320
548
439
333
366
187
179
214

14
50
424

623
26
20
6
42
423
161

114,344
5,549
2,037
3,512
12,096
82,371
32,757
30,213
19,401
11,239
6,754
4,485
3,088

113,687
5,054
1,881
3,173
11,749
83,057
32,021
30,943
20,093
10,803
6,489
4,314
3,024

61,448
2,772
985
1,787
6,189
44,499
17,831

60,785
2,452

52,896
2,777

886
1,566
6,032

1,052

995

1,725
5,908
37,872

1,607

5,718
38,368

14,926

14,559

16,247

16,447

13,966

14,495

10,421
6,304
3,770
2,534
1,684

10,778

8,980

5,984
3,583

4,935
2,984

9,314
4,819

2,401

1,951
1,404

Nonagricultural industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over




16,713
10,765
6,628
3,931
2,698
1,904

1,627
6,265

2,580

44,688
17,463

1,629

2,801
1,062
1,739

5,958
38,296
9,094

148
162
113
76
37

39
29

14,643
9,428
2,970
1,943
1,432

148
114

95
65
30
38
52,901
2,602

2,906
1,913
1,394

35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Total

Occupation

16 years
and over
Dec.
1990

Total

Men

Dec.
1991

16 years
and over
Dec.
1990

Women
20 years
and over

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

16 years
and over

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

20 years
and over

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

117,287 116,549 63,788 63,025 60,881 60,467 53,499 53,524 50,697 50,896

31,865 16,482 17,123 16,411 17,032 14,341 14,742 14,219 14,602
15,282 8,677 9,204 8,648 9,169 6,027 6,078 5,979 6,035
387
296
387
296
643
238
256
237
256
10,676 6,485 6,866 6,457 6,833 3,826 3,810 3,783 3,780
3,963 1,896 1,951 1,896 1,949 1,963 2,012 1,958 1,999
16,583 7,806 7,919 7,763 7,864 8,314 8,664 8,240 8,567
141
1,761 1,680 1,621 1,680 1,615
141
146
146

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations

30,823
14,703
535
10,311
3,858
16,119
1,825
999
430
862
2,320
791
4,215
750
3,927

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

36,513 35,774 13,037 12,589 12,385 11,995 23,475 23,185 21,914 21,793
3,784 3,662
1,959 1,862 1,931 1,838 1,825 1,800 1,794 1,783
1,324 1,344
245
241
232
230
1,092
1,086
1,098
1,089
1,111
1,155
885
917
905
867
238
228
226
223
1,207
1,305
732
810
796
730
495
470
480
475
7,337
14,391 13,851
6,969 6,934 6,572 7,054 6,882 6,083 5,985
3,778 3,577
2,281 2,470 2,249 1,290 1,296 1,257 1,277
2,489
2,423 2,242
1,383 1,295 1,366 1,279 1,041
947
1,019
922
1,528
1,659
1,188
1,281
1,297
1,170
362
340
359
340
6,435 6,449
2,127 2,192 1,781 1,860 4,308 4,257 3,394 3,406
55
96
14
14
42
54
37
41
54
41
18,337 18,261
3,742 3,758 3,519 3,584 14,596 14,503 14,037 14,025
800
320
323
All
749
323
321
429
476
426
763
229
260
503
744
239
226
514
480
498
4,428 4,453
94
74
72
93 4,354 4,359 4,239 4,281
2,392 2,315
215
170
2,222 2,100 2,174 2,071
164
213
1,008
578
647
361
926
632
563
347
346
337
8,947 9,074
2,321
2,268
6,679 6,754 6,322 6,412
2,089 2,168

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

15,860 16,026
800
753
1,951
2,008
13,109 13,265
5,296 5,442
2,108 2,218
3,187 2,999
2,519 2,606

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,435 12,903 12,245
4,499 4,399
4,312
5,011
4,597 4,930
3,925 3,906
3,003

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations

36



899
456
948
2,462
857
4,274
792
4,133

624
316
707
305
464
1,127
604
1,979

6,343
29

586
336
778
332

496
1,099
621
2,050

6,312
23
1,702
4,587
2,192

624
316
702
305
460
1,117
604
1,957

586
333
778
330

493
1,086

621
2,021

374
114
156
2,015
327
3,089
146
1,948

313
120
170
2,130
361
3,175
171
2,083

372
113
154
2,015
321
3,055
145
1,918

313
120
170
2,124
351
3,130
171
2,046

5,483
26
1,641
3,817
1,558
200
1,662
396

5,522
20
1,673
3,829
1,622
232
1,571
405

9,517
771
277
8,468
3,083
1,891
1,413
2,082

9,714
730
306
8,678
3,249
1,977
1,322
2,130

8,608
656
258
7,694
2,548
1,836
1,358
1,952

8,818
623
287
7,909
2,711
1,900
1,284
2,013

11,805 11,975
4,256 4,220
4,532 4,793
3,017 2,962

11,626
4,203
4,449
2,973

1,190
186
82
922

1,098
144
65
889

1,163
185
77
901

1,072
142
65
865

17,656 17,018 13,133 12,705 12,245 11,910
4,623 4,717
7,968 7,618
4,819
4,467
3,693 3,831
6,478 6,167
3,601
3,908
2,364 2,487
3,627 3,366
2,307
2,529
1,329
2,851
1,345
1,294
1,379
2,801
1,491
1,451
930
866
911
886
4,958 4,861
4,380 4,409
4,275
4,526
3,700 3,721
3,285 3,210
3,195
3,312
1,258
1,141
1,095
1,214
1,080
1,199
4,730 4,538
3,788
3,701
3,169
3,119
628
680
544
634
601
656
4,102 3,859
2,535
3,187
3,046 2,574

4,523
3,149
2,569
1,098
1,471
580
432
388
44
942
27
915

4,313
2,995
2,474
1,002
1,472
521
481
435
46
837
24
812

4,357
3,081
2,518
1,086
1,432
564
426
382
44
850
26
824

4,164
2,926
2,424
984
1,439
502
478
433
46
760
24
736

453
199
254

473
191
281

436
195
241

447
190
256

3,001
1,201
1,799

2,964
1,129
1,834

1,674
4,641
2,213
217
1,774
437

2,548
1,003
1,545

241
1,677
476

2,491
938
1,553

2,381

994
1,387

2,382
931
1,451

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Total
Occupation and race

Women

Men

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

117,287
100.0

116,549
100.0

63,788
100.0

63,025
100.0

53,499
100.0

53,524
100.0

26.3
12.5

27.3
13.1
14.2
30.7

25.8
13.6
12.2
20.4
3.1

27.2
14.6
12.6
20.0
3.0
11.1

26.8
11.3
15.5

27.5
11.4
16.2
43.3
3.4
12.9
27.1
18.1
1.4
.6

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

13.7
31.1
3.2

12.3
15.6

13.5
.7

3.1
11.9
15.7
13.8
.6

11.5
5.9

1.7

2.6
7.3
19.2

9.9

6.0
10.0

43.9
3.4
13.2
27.3
17.8
1.4
.5
15.8

20.6
7.6

2.7
7.3
18.7
20.2
7.3

3.9
2.5

7.1
5.9
4.0

6.9
5.9
4.0

101,505
100.0

100,625
100.0

55,781
100.0

55,001
100.0

45,725
100.0

45,624
100.0

27.4
13.2
14.2
31.5
3.2
12.8
15.4

28.6
13.9
14.7
31.0
3.2
12.3

27.0
14.3

28.4
15.4
13.0
20.1
3.0

27.9
11.8
16.0
44.7
3.4

28.8
12.0

13.7
27.6

12.3
.6

12.5
.6

11.5
5.6
9.0

1.6

1.6

10.2
11.8
14.3
6.4
4.0
3.8
2.7

10.3
11.5
13.8
6.1
4.0
3.7
2.7

11,859
100.0
16.1
7.2
8.9

1.7
11.2
11.5
15.1
6.8
4.2
4.0
2.6

11.4
11.1
14.6
6.5
4.2

16.2

2.2
8.5
5.9
.8

8.1
5.6
.9

1.8
.8

1.6
.9

2.1

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

15.5

12.7
20.6
3.1
12.1
5.4
8.9

16.5

1.2
.4

16.7
44.1
3.4
13.3
27.4
16.7
1.2
.5
15.1
2.0
7.4
5.0
.9
1.5
1.0

6.6
5.6
4.2

2.5
6.4
19.3
19.1
7.0
6.6
5.6
4.1

14.8
2.2
7.8
5.3
.8
1.7

11,871
100.0

5,887
100.0

5,884
100.0

5,971
100.0

5,986
100.0

16.4
7.2
9.2
28.2
2.5
7.7

13.4
7.2
6.2

14.5
7.9
6.6
16.9
2.0
6.4
8.5
18.6

18.8
7.1
11.7

18.2
6.5

2.5
6.4
19.8
19.6
7.3

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing




28.9
3.0
7.7
18.2

22.9
1.6
2.7
18.6
9.0
21.7
9.5
6.5
5.7
1.4

17.9
23.4
1.2
2.9
19.2
8.8
21.5
9.6
6.2
5.6
1.8

18.5
2.5
6.0
10.0
18.6
4.3
14.3
15.8
31.1
9.6
12.2

4.5
14.1
15.5
31.1

9.4
2.6

9.3
3.4

10.4
11.4

39.2
3.4
9.4
26.4
27.2
3.2
1.2
22.8
2.3
12.4
9.3
1.0
2.1
.2

11.8
39.2
3.0
9.1
27.1

28.0
2.5
1.3
24.2
2.3
12.0
8.9
1.1
2.0
.3

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
December 1991
Agriculture

Nonagricultural industries
Age and sex

Wage and salary workers

Total

Private
household Government
workers

Other

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

Wage and
Selfsalary
employed
workers
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

104,685
4,986
1,843
3,143
11,445
30,110
28,233
18,039
9,457
5,737
3,721
2,415

954
125
70
54
150
150
174
130
139
71
68
86

18,156
278
40
238
1,086
4,144
5,956
4,195
2,093
1,309
785
404

85,575
4,583
1,732
2,851
10,209
25,816
22,103
13,714
7,225
4,357
2,868
1,925

8,790
61
32
29
282
1,873
2,653
2,004
1,324
738
586
593

212
7
6
2
22
38
57
50
21
14
6
16

1,478
99
42
56
217
463
292
213
144
89
55
51

1,300
16
7
9
55
236
285
212
301
154
147
194

85
17
15
2
3
10
10
21
16
8
7
7

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

55,110
2,413
869
1,544
5,844
16,273
14,794
9,486
5,073
3,070
2,003
1,226

114
10
5
5
33
35
11
6
11
8
3
8

8,302
117
11
107
472
1,991
2,629
1,876
994
606
389
222

46,694
2,286
853
1,433
5,339
14,247
12,155
7,604
4,069
2,457
1,612
996

5,644
39
17
22
176
1,184
1,649
1,289
911
514
398
396

31

12
5
4
3

1,138
79
28
51
180
349
208
164
118
68
50
40

1,076
15
6
9
50
194
230
166
248
119
129
174

25
12
9
2
4
4
2
3
1

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

49,576
2,573
975
1,598
5,601
13,837
13,438
8,553
4,384
2,666
1,718
1,189

840
115
65
50
117
115
163
125
129
63
66
78

9,855
161
30
131
614
2,153
3,327
2,319
1,099
703
396
182

38,881
2,297
880
1,418
4,871
11,569
9,948
6,110
3,156
1,900
1,256
929

3,145
22
15
7
106
689
1,004
714
413
225
189
197

180
7
6
2
10
33
53
47
21
15
6
8

339
20
14
6
37
114
83
49
26
21
5
10

224
1
1

60
6
6

6
42
56
47
53
36
18
20

6
8
18
15
8
7
7

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

38



HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
December 1991
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries .
Professional services...
Public administration

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

Total
Executive,
TechniemAdminisadminiscians
ployed
Private
trative
Profestrative,
Other
and
sional
Sales support, houseand
service1
specialty related
including
hold
manasupport
clerical
gerial

2,862
689
6,775
20,154
11,703
8,451

70
103
924
2,539
1,551
988
1,027
2,255
594
1,661

7,701
40,323
958
39,365
26,715
5,527

2,087
4,987
5
4,982
2,735
1,290

30
9
26
359
174
185

48
230
3,897
3,768
2,535
1,234

15
25
95
6,167
3,366
2,801

46
112
442
772
402
370

19
19
753
978
448
530

2,376

2,232
2,300
726
1,574

253
4,521
27
4,493

1,297
1,393
296
1,097

132
276
131
145

1,851
990
472
518

437
1,854
338
1,517

15
22
6
16

1,814
803
803
156
28

2,962
6,514
19
6,495
4,799
1,421

261
8,423
84
8,338
4,995
1,392

157
1,864
11
1,853
405
250

14
865

2,059
1,655
207

177
12,723
6
12,717
11,235
759

125
79
351
2,278
1,221
1,057

145
2,058

441
440
67
373

25
13
59
745
298
447

269
308
149 10,056
31 1,782
118 8,274

81
69
151
1,741
1,137
604

8,260
24,256
4,471
19,786

Precision
Machine
Farming,
producoperHandlers, forestry,
tion,
Transporators,
equipment
and
tation
craft,
assemfishing
cleaners,
and
and
blers,
helpers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
inspeclaborers
tors

8
572
10
562
330
68

12
420
20
400
98
45

64
341
50
291
92
37

28
31
57
718
493
224

753
753

865
216
31

20
89
78
11

Includes protective service, not shown separately.

A-26. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers1

Total
Reason not working and sex
Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Paid absences
Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Unpaid absences

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Dec.
1990

Dec.
1991

Total, 16 years and over ....
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
All other reasons

3,737
1,126
1,294
81
23
1,212

4,162
1,521
1,301
122
20
1,198

3,596
1,094
1,258
66
23
1,156

4,001
1,485
1,264
98
20
1,133

1,414
702
502

1,809
1,055
514

1,662
249
650

1,604
284
633

()
210

240

763

()
687

Men, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

1,943
674
652
617

2,218
924
620
674

1,823
646
619
558

2,078
891
593
593

800
452
261
87

985
663
233
89

701
106
298
297

745
155
292
298

Women, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

1,794
452
642
699

1,943
596
681
666

1,773
448
639
687

1,923
594
672
658

614
250
241
122

824
393
280
151

961
142
352
467

859
129
341
389

1

Excludes private household workers.
Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
2




3

Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27.

Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
December 1991
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Hours of work

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

112,387

2,701

109,686

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours

27,870
768
4,872
14,087
8,144

832
32
205
408
186

27,038
736
4,666
13,678
7,958

24.8
.7
4.3
12.5
7.2

30.8
1.2
7.6
15.1
6.9

24.7
.7
4.3
12.5
7.3

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

84,517
7,103
44,786
32,628
11,221
12,379
9,028

1,869
128
645
1,096
211
369
517

82,648
6,975
44,141
31,531
11,010
12,010
8,511

75.2
6.3
39.8
29.0
10.0
11.0
8.0

69.2
4.7
23.9
40.6
7.8
13.7
19.1

75.4
6.4
40.2
28.7
10.0
10.9
7.8

39.0
43.7

41.3
48.6

39.0
43.5

Total, 16 years and over

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules

All
industries

Nonagricultural
industries

All
industries

Agriculture

A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
December 1991
All industries

Nonagricultural industries

Reason for working less than 35 hours
Total

Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons

40




Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

Total

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

27,870

8,002

19,869

27,038

7,721

19,317

6,221
3,325
37
187
53
2,620

2,260
1,983
37
187
53

3,961
1,342

5,959
3,124
37
185
52
2,560

2,156
1,882
37
185
52

3,802
1,242

21,649
13,027
1,482
2,150
475
13
287
1,779
2,435

5,742

5,565

1,539

1,779
896

21,080
12,758
1,479
2,119
405
13
286
1,737
2,282

1,465

1,737
817

22.3
21.1

24.1
25.9

21.3
19.4

22.4
21.2

24.2
26.0

21.5
19.5

2,069
6,075

1,052
3,027

1,017
3,048

2,004
5,953

1,012
2,958

992
2,995

2,620

1,482
1,945
475
13
287

15,907
13,027
205

2,560

1,479
1,916
405
13
286

15,515
12,758
203

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
December 1991

Industry

Total
at
work

On part
time
for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours
hours
or less
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

109,686

5,959

15,515

88,213

56,681

11,010

20,522

39.0

43.5

101,240

5,148

14,034

82,059

53,835

10,470

17,754

38.9

43.2

627

8

20

599

305

97

197

45.6

47.1

5,105

485

214

4,406

3,043

497

866

39.4

42.1

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

19,075
11,062
8,013

620
250
370

609
247
362

17,846
10,565
7,281

11,524
6,773
4,752

2,753
1,622
1,131

3,569
2,171
1,398

41.9
42.5
41.1

43.2
43.3
43.0

Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

7,553
21,790
6,861

255
1,696
157

452
5,251
617

6,845
14,843
6,087

4,274
9,013
4,239

918
2,106
723

1,652
3,724
1,125

41.9
36.5
39.9

44.1
43.9
42.2

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

34,908
930
33,979
5,321

1,865
136
1,729
60

6,613
418
6,194
258

26,431
375
26,056
5,003

17,746
243
17,503
3,690

2,903
34
2,869
473

5,782
98
5,684
839

37.4
27.3
37.7
40.9

43.1
45.0
43.1
42.2

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

8,234
212

791
20

1,389
92

6,054
100

2,785
61

534
5

2,735
33

40.2
33.7

48.0
46.5

Total, 16 years and over
Wage and salary workers
Mining

,

Construction




41

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
December 1991

Sex, age, race, and marital status

Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours
or less

41 hours
or more

5,959
419
60
359
5,540
967
4,573
3,105
1,330
138

15,515
3,245
1,654
1,591
12,270
2,609
9,661
5,333
2,943
1,385

88,213
1,276
120
1,156
86,937
7,842
79,095
52,552
25,250
1,291

56,681
1,038
108
931
55,643
5,597
50,046
33,006
16,146
892

31,531
238
12
225
31,294
2,245
29,049
19,546
9,104
399

39.0
22.8
16.2
26.6
39.8
35.3
40.3
40.7
40.6
29.1

43.5
39.5
35.0
40.0
43.6
42.2
43.7
43.7
43.9
42.7

4,849
1,470
756
715
3,379
1,132
2,247
899
654
693

50,961
706
73
634
50,255
4,224
46,030
30,516
14,748
768

29,187
533
64
469
28,654
2,859
25,794
16,866
8,442
489

21,774
173
8
164
21,601
1,365
20,236
13,650
6,306
279

41.7
23.9
17.0
27.8
42.4
36.5
43.1
43.6
43.4
30.7

45.0
40.2

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

109,686
4,939
1,833
3,106

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

58,708
2,397
859
1,538
56,311
5,866
50,444
32,947
15,971
1,527

2,898
221
31
190
2,677
510
2,167
1,532
569
66

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

50,978
2,543
974
1,569
48,436
5,552
42,884
28,044
13,552
1,287

3,061
198
29
170
2,863
457
2,405
1,572
762
72

10,666
1,775
898
876
8,891
1,477
7,414
4,433
2,288
693

37,252
570
47
523
36,682
3,618
33,064
22,039
10,502
523

27,494
505
43
461
26,989
2,738
24,252
16,143
7,705
404

9,757
65
4
61
9,693
880
8,813
5,896
2,797
119

35.9
21.6
15.5
25.4
36.7
33.9
37.0
37.3
37.3
27.2

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

94,590
51,172
43,418

4,890
2,390
2,500

13,817
4,236
9,581

75,883
44,546
31,337

47,370
24,734
22,636

28,513
19,812
8,700

39.1
41.9
35.8

43.8
45.2
41.7

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

11,228
5,500
5,728

852
407
446

1,121
405
717

9,254
4,688
4,566

7,170
3,341
3,830

2,084
1,347
736

38.2
39.6
36.9

41.8
42.8
40.6

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

37,443
6,174
15,090

1,282
418
1,199

1,480
287
3,082

34,681
5,470
10,810

18,863
3,186
7,138

15,818
2,283
3,672

43.7
42.2
36.4

45.6
44.8
43.1

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

28,379
10,235
12,364

1,476
778
808

6,021
1,246
3,398

20,882
8,211
8,159

15,726
5,771
5,997

5,156
2,440
2,162

36.0
38.2
33.9

41.3
42.4
41.7

104,746

11,418
93,328
60,990
29,523
2,814

O
40.6
45.0
42.8
45.2
45.3
45.2
43.6
41.6
38.7

O
39.2
41.7
41.4
41.7
41.6
41.9
41.2

RACE

MARITAL STATUS

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

42




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
December 1991
On full-time schedules
Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.




Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part
time

Total

40
hours
or less

Average
hours,
Average
workers
hours,
49
on fulltotal
41 to 48
hours
time
at work
hours
or more
schedules

109,620

5,934

15,505

88,181

56,597

11,025

20,559

39.0

43.6

30,854
14,787
16,068
34,691
3,550
13,473
17,669
15,430
729
1,909
12,792
12,299
16,346
7,339
4,640
4,366

682
277
405
1,437
63
790
585
1,720
92
53
1,575
843
1,252
451
284
517

2,928
790
2,139
6,425
447
2,966
3,013
4,295
340
199
3,756
425
1,431
308
393
729

27,244
13,720
13,524
26,829
3,041
9,717
14,070
9,414
297
1,657
7,461
11,031
13,663
6,581
3,963
3,120

15,015
7,046
7,968
18,449
2,140
5,251
11,058
6,851
195
1,019
5,637
7,132
9,150
4,703
2,154
2,293

3,391
1,743
1,648
3,285
413
1,276
1,596
933
24
243
666
1,517
1,899
921
532
445

8,838
4,930
3,908
5,095
488
3,191
1,417
1,630
78
394
1,158
2,381
2,615
956
1,277
382

42.2
44.1
40.4
37.6
39.2
38.5
36.6
33.6
27.3
41.5
32.8
41.1
39.6
40.2
42.3
35.5

45.2
45.9
44.5
42.6
42.1
45.4
40.8
42.5
44.6
44.9
41.9
43.3
43.2
42.2
46.0
41.5

58,492

2,869

4,786

50,837

29,032

6,850

14,955

41.7

45.0

16,667
8,933
7,733
12,276
1,807
6,817
3,652
6,093
23
1,616
4,454
11,259
12,197
4,456
4,173
3,568

332
181
152
378
33
231
113
530
7
31
492
771
858
192
238
427

900
295
605
1,345
118
784
443
1,240
7
140
1,093
323
979
146
275
558

15,434
8,457
6,977
10,553
1,656
5,802
3,095
4,324
9
1,445
2,870
10,165
10,361
4,118
3,660
2,582

7,230
3,662
3,568
5,708
1,081
2,548
2,079
2,997
5
857
2,134
6,503
6,595
2,748
1,967
1,880

1,937
1,099
837
1,538
247
810
481
484
215
269
1,409
1,482
617
495
370

6,268
3,697
2,572
3,307
329
2,443
535
843
4
372
467
2,253
2,283
753
1,198
332

45.0
46.0
43.8
41.8
41.3
43.5
38.9
36.3
(2)
42.7
34.1
41.3
40.3
41.5
43.1
35.7

47.1
47.5
46.6
45.4
43.1
47.5
42.5
43.2
(2)
45.5
42.0
43.4
43.8
43.1
46.2
41.7

51,128

3,066

10,719

37,344

27,564

4,175

5,605

35.9

41.6

14,188
5,853
8,334
22,415
1,743
6,656
14,017
9,336
706
292
8,338
1,040
4,149
2,883
467
798

350
97
253
1,060
30
558
472
1,190
85
22
1,083
72
394
258
46
90

2,028
494
1,534
5,080
329
2,182
2,570
3,055
333
58
2,664
103
452
163
119
171

11,810
5,262
6,547
16,275
1,385
3,915
10,975
5,091
288
212
4,591
866
3,303
2,462
303
538

7,785
3,385
4,400
12,741
1,059
2,703
8,979
3,854
189
162
3,503
630
2,555
1,955
187
413

1,454
644
811
1,747
166
466
1,115
449
24
28
397
108
417
304
37
75

2,570
1,234
1,336
1,788
159
747
882
787
74
22
691
128
331
203
78
50

38.9
41.2
37.3
35.3
37.0
33.4
36.0
31.9
27.2
35.0
32.1
38.6
37.2
38.3
35.7
34.3

42.7
43.3
42.2
40.8
41.0
42.4
40.3
41.9
44.9
41.3
41.8
42.0
41.0
40.8
43.8
40.7

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

43

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)

1990

1991

Employment status and sex
Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

190,836
127,100
66.6
118,844
62.3
1,456
117,388
3,187
114,201
8,256
6.5
63,736

190,980
126,717
66.4
118,188
61.9
1,458
116,730
3,256
113,474
8,529
6.7
64,263

191,173
127,029
66.4
118,414
61.9
1,505
116,909
3,286
113,623
8,615
6.8
64,144

191,443
126,808
66.2
118,333
61.8
1,604
116,729
3,244
113,485
8,475
6.7
64,635

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec,

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

191,589 191,746 191,903 192,057
126,620 127,214 127,122 126,979
66.1
66.2
66.1
66.3
118,100 118,713 118,481 118,377
61.6
61.7
61.9
61.6
1,616 1,624 1,614 1,605
116,484 117,089 116,867 116,772
3,254 3,283 3,204 3,272
113,230 113,806 113,663 113,500
8,641 8,602
8,520 8,501
6.8
6.7
6.8
6.7
64,969 64,532 64,781 65,078

192,209
127,223

91,590 91,650 91,587 91,652 91,720 91,839 92,023 92,100 92,185 92,270 92,356
69,609 69,734 69,735 69,876 69,726 69,825 69,810 69,711 70,171 69,931 69,849
76.1
76.2
76.0
76.0
76.0
76.1
75.9
75.7
75.8
75.6
76.1
65,272 65,050 64,877 65,146 64,831 64,859 64,858 64,820 65,216 65,037 65,004
70.8
71.1
70.7
70.6
70.5
70.4
71.0
71.3
70.5
70.4
70.7
1,453 1,439 1,314 1,310 1,303 1,345 1,431 1,442 1,449 1,440 1,432
63,819 63,611 63,563 63,836 63,528 63,514 63,427 63,378 63,767 63,597 63,572
4,337 4,684 4,858 4,730 4,895 4,966 4,952 4,891 4,955 4,894 4,845

92,439
69,847
75.6
64,857
70.2

190,483 190,592 190,717 190,703
126,761 126,355 126,669 126,710
66.5
66.3
66.4
66.4
119,093 118,592 118,539 118,294
62.2
62.2
62.0
62.5
1,615 1,602 1,460
1,617
117,476 116,977 116,937 116,834
3,237 3,124
3,284 3,194
114,192 113,783 113,700 113,710
8,416
7,668 7,763 8,130
6.1
6.4
6.6
6.0
63,722 64,237 64,048 63,993

66.2
118,332

61.6
1,604

116,728
3,183
113,545
8,891
7.0
64,986

Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

91,537
70,022
76.5
65,676
71.7
1,454
64,222
4,346
6.2
21,515

1,431
63,426

4,990
7.0
6.8
7.0
7.1
7.0
6.9
6.7
6.2
7.1
7.0
7.1
7.1
21,981 21,916 21,852 21,776 21,994 22,014 22,213 22,389 22,014 22,339 22,507 22,592

Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

98,946 99,002 99,067
56,739 56,746 56,935
57.3
57.5
57.3
53,417 53,320 53,489
54.0
54.0
53.9
163
163
162
53,254 53,158 53,326
3,322 3,426 3,446
6.1
5.9
6.0
42,207 42,256 42,132

99,116 99,184 99,260
56,975 57,224 56,991
57.7
57.5
57.4
53,417 53,698 53,357
53.9
54.1
53.8
146
146
155
53,271 53,552 53,202
3,558 3,526 3,634
6.2
6.2
6.4
42,141 41,960 42,269

1
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
4
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident
Armed Forces).

44




99,334
57,204
57.6
53,555
53.9
160
53,395
3,649
6.4

99,421
56,998
57.3
53,475
53.8
173
53,302
3,523
6.2
42,130 42,423

99,489 99,561 99,633 99,701
56,909 57,043 57,191 57,130
57.4
57.3
57.2
57.3
53,280 53,497 53,444 53,373
53.7
53.6
53.5
53.6
174
173
175
174
53,106 53,322 53,270 53,200
3,629 3,546 3,747 3,757
6.4
6.6
6.6
6.2
42,580 42,518 42,442 42,571

99,770
57,376
57.5
53,475
53.6
173
53,302

3,901
6.8
42,394

NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
Seasonally
adjusted data have been revised based on the experience through
December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1990
Dec.

1991
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec,

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

188,866 188,977 189,115 189,243 189,380 189,522 189,668 189,839 189,973 190,122 190,289 190,452 190,605
125,144 124,740 125,067 125,250 125,644 125,259 125,524 125,204 125,004 125,590 125,508 125,374 125,619
65.8
66.0
66.1
66.3
65.8
66.0
66.1
66.2
66.1
66.2
66.0
65.9
66.3
117,476 116,977 116,937 116,834 117,388 116,730 116,909 116,729 116,484 117,089 116,867 116,772 116,728
61.3
61.4
61.6
62.0
61.8
61.3
61.5
61.6
61.7
61.9
61.2
61.6
62.2
8,602 8,891
8,641
8,256 8,529 8,615
8,475 8,520 8,501
8,416
7,668 7,763 8,130
6.9
6.9
6.8
6.6
6.5
7.1
6.8
6.8
6.9
6.7
6.2
6.1
6.8

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

90,083
68,568
76.1
64,222
71.3
2,610
61,612
4,346
6.3
21,515

90,137
68,156
75.6
63,819
70.8
2,506
61,313
4,337
6.4
21,981

90,211
68,295
75.7
63,611
70.5
2,538
61,073
4,684
6.9
21,916

90,273
68,421
75.8
63,563
70.4
2,470
61,093
4,858
7.1
21,852

90,342
68,566
75.9
63,836
70.7
2,529
61,307
4,730
6.9
21,776

90,417
68,423
75.7
63,528
70.3
2,582
60,946
4,895
7.2
21,994

90,494
68,480
75.7
63,514
70.2
2,614
60,900
4,966
7.3
22,014

90,592
68,379
75.5
63,427
70.0
2,582
60,845
4,952
7.2
22,213

90,658
68,269
75.3
63,378
69.9
2,570
60,808
4,891
7.2
22,389

90,736
68,722
75.7
63,767
70.3
2,579
61,188
4,955
7.2
22,014

90,830
68,491
75.4
63,597
70.0
2,535
61,062
4,894
7.1
22,339

90,924
68,417
75.2
63,572
69.9
2,568
61,004
4,845
7.1
22,507

91,008
68,416
75.2
63,426
69.7
2,485
60,941
4,990
7.3
22,592

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

83,208
64,768
77.8
61,096
73.4
2,394
58,702
3,672
5.7
18,440

83,271
64,416
77.4
60,768
73.0
2,318
58,450
3,648
5.7
18,855

83,392
64,583
77.4
60,573
72.6
2,332
58,241
4,010
6.2
18,809

83,466
64,703
77.5
60,597
72.6
2,269
58,328
4,106
6.3
18,763

83,567
64,982
77.8
60,947
72.9
2,340
58,607
4,035
6.2
18,585

83,636
64,781
77.5
60,638
72.5
2,364
58,274
4,143
6.4
18,855

83,748
64,906
77.5
60,691
72.5
2,414
58,277
4,215
6.5
18,842

83,865
64,896
77.4
60,671
72.3
2,383
58,288
4,225
6.5
18,969

83,940
64,816
77.2
60,605
72.2
2,368
58,237
4,211
6.5
19,124

84,023
65,086
77.5
60,843
72.4
2,400
58,443
4,243
6.5
18,937

84,151
64,961
77.2
60,746
72.2
2,370
58,376
4,215
6.5
19,190

84,245
64,914
77 A
60,764
72.1
2,390
58,374
4,150
6.4
19,331

84,367
64,962
77.0
60,672
71.9
2,317
58,355
4,290
6.6
19,405

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

98,783
56,576
57.3
53,254
53.9
674
52,580
3,322
5.9
42,207

98,840
56,584
57.2
53,158
53.8
688
52,470
3,426
6.1
42,256

98,904
56,772
57.4
53,326
53.9
699
52,627
3,446
6.1
42,132

98,970
56,829
57.4
53,271
53.8
654
52,617
3,558
6.3
42,141

99,038
57,078
57.6
53,552
54.1
658
52,894
3,526
6.2
41,960

99,105
56,836
57.3
53,202
53.7
674
52,528
3,634
6.4
42,269

99,174
57,044
57.5
53,395
53.8
672
52,723
3,649
6.4
42,130

99,248
56,825
57.3
53,302
53.7
662
52,640
3,523
6.2
42,423

99,315
56,735
57.1
53,106
53.5
684
52,422
3,629
6.4
42,580

99,386
56,868
57.2
53,322
53.7
704
52,618
3,546
6.2
42,518

99,459
57,017
57.3
53,270
53.6
669
52,601
3,747
6.6
42,442

99,528
56,957
57.2
53,200
53.5
704
52,496
3,757
6.6
42,571

99,597
57,203
57.4
53,302
53.5
698
52,604
3,901
6.8
42,394

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

92,042
53,188
57.8
50,396
54.8
640
49,756
2,792
5.2
38,854

92,139
53,138
57.7
50,328
54.6
653
49,675
2,810
5.3
39,001

92,198
53,318
57.8
50,438
54.7
667
49,771
2,880
5.4
38,880

92,273
53,396
57.9
50,408
54.6
618
49,790
2,988
5.6
38,877

92,358
53,630
58.1
50,689
54.9
627
50,062
2,941
5.5
38,728

92,454
53,492
57.9
50,424
54.5
633
49,791
3,068
5.7
38,962

92,546
53,728
58.1
50,639
54.7
626
50,013
3,089
5.7
38,818

92,654
53,599
57.8
50,681
54.7
615
50,066
2,918
5.4
39,055

92,720
53,601
57.8
50,542
54.5
642
49,900
3,059
5.7
39,119

92,797
53,650
57.8
50,639
54.6
667
49,972
3,011
5.6
39,147

92,875
53,696
57.8
50,564
54.4
636
49,928
3,132
5.8
39,179

92,958
53,655
57.7
50,474
54.3
672
49,802
3,181
5.9
39,303

93,032
53,909
57.9
50,613
54.4
661
49,952
3,296
6.1
39,123

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

13,616 13,567 13,525 13,504 13,455 13,432 13,374 13,320 13,313 13,302 13,263 13,250 13,206
7,151
7,032 6,986 6,890 6,709 6,587 6,854 6,851
7,166
7,186
7,188
6,805 6,748
52.8
53.0
53.0
53.0
50.4
52.3
51.4
51.7
51.5
49.5
51.5
52.0
51.1
5,984 5,881
5,926 5,829 5,752 5,668 5,579 5,377
5,337 5,607 5,557 5,534 5,443
43.9
42.7
43.2
43.8
43.3
40.4
41.7
42.2
41.8
41.9
42.2
40.1
41.2
237
238
223
250
220
244
246
246
259
210
198
216
205
5,734 5,658 5,688 5,592 5,532 5,409 5,333 5,131
5,093 5,391
5,359 5,324 5,238
1,204
1,322
1,240
1,305
1,250
1,332
1,311
1,280
1,271
1,318
1,294
1,247
1,305
16.8
18.2
18.5
17.3
18.2
19.9
19.0
18.9
19.0
18.7
18.9
18.2
19.3
6,428 6,381
6,359 6,353 6,423 6,446 6,484 6,611
6,726 6,448 6,412
6,445 6,458

1

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
2




NOTE: Seasonally adjusted data have been revised based on the
experience through December 1991. See the article in this issue for
additional information.

45

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1990
Dec.

1991
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

160,942 161,007 161,097 161,179 161,264 161,357 161,449 161,558 161,642 161,738 161,846 161,949 162,047
107,398 107,113 107,399 107,524 107,726 107,519 107,658 107,382 107,220 107,593 107,632 107,599 107,646
66.6
66.7
66.5
66.7
66.8
66.7
66.7
66.4
66.5
66.3
66.5
66.4
66.5
101,704 101,204 101,184 101,027 101,504 101,033 101,050 100,792 100,716 101,053 101,067 100,977 100,828
62.6
62.8
62.9
62.6
62.9
62.7
63.2
62.2
62.5
62.3
62.4
62.4
62.4
5,694 5,909 6,215 6,497 6,222 6,486 6,608 6,590 6,504 6,540 6,565 6,622 6,818
6.0
5.8
5.5
6.1
5.8
6.0
5.3
6.3
6.1
6.1
6.1
6.2
6.1

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

56,205 55,948 56,047 56,191 56,370 56,267 56,265 56,322 56,246 56,457 56,320 56,312 56,244
78.0
77.8
77.8
77.4
77.9
77.9
77.9
78.2
78.0
78.2
77.6
77.7
77.7
53,389 53,080 52,894 52,919 53,241 53,066 52,986 52,975 52,931 53,040 52,990 53,011 52,896
73.5
73.4
73.5
73.8
73.2
73.1
73.2
73.3
73.8
74.3
72.8
73.0
73.1
2,816 2,868 3,153 3,272 3,129 3,201 3,279 3,347 3,315 3,417 3,330 3,301 3,348
5.7
5.8
5.6
5.1
6.1
5.9
5.9
5.8
5.6
5.0
6.0
5.9
5.9

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

44,997 44,947 45,173 45,218 45,304 45,233 45,459 45,313 45,263 45,240 45,384 45,372 45,530
57.7
57.7
57.7
57.5
57.7
57.9
57.8
57.6
57.8
57.6
57.5
57.6
57.6
42,998 42,894 43,025 42,977 43,161 42,970 43,143 43,105 43,000 43,040 43,118 43,038 43,076
54.8
55.0
54.8
55.1
54.9
55.0
55.0
54.6
54.8
54.7
54.7
54.9
54.6
1,999 2,053 2,148 2,241 2,143 2,263 2,316 2,208 2,263 2,200 2,266 2,334 2,454
5.0
5.0
4.8
4.6
5.4
4.9
4.9
5.1
4.7
4.4
5.0
5.0
5.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,196
56.8
5,317
48.8
879
14.2
15.3
12.9

6,218
57.2
5,230
48.1
988
15.9
16.1
15.6

6,179
57.1
5,265
48.7
914
14.8
15.9
13.6

6,115
56.7
5,131
47.6
984
16.1
18.2
13.8

6,052
56.3
5,102
47.5
950
15.7
16.8
14.5

6,019
56.1
4,997
46.6
1,022
17.0
18.7
15.2

5,934
55.5
4,921
46.1
1,013
17.1
19.0
15.1

5,747
53.9
4,712
44.2
1,035
18.0
19.4
16.5

5,711
53.6
4,785
45.0
926
16.2
16.9
15.5

5,896
55.5
4,973
46.8
923
15.7
16.9
14.3

5,928
55.9
4,959
46.7
969
16.3
16.9
15.8

5,915
55.8
4,928
46.5
987
16.7
17.4
15.9

5,872
55.5
4,856
45.9
1,016
17.3
18.0
16.6

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

21,448 21,470 21,493 21,516 21,541 21,569 21,595 21,631 21,655 21,683 21,714 21,745 21,774
13,486 13,502 13,444 13,585 13,644 13,469 13,576 13,514 13,488 13,731 13,570 13,426 13,559
62.9
62.4
62.5
62.9
62.3
61.7
62.5
63.3
62.3
62.5
63.3
63.1
62.9
11,821 11,868 11,845 11,909 11,939 11,748 11,851 11,903 11,814 12,043 11,834 11,779 11,841
54.9
54.5
54.4
54.5
55.5
54.6
55.0
55.4
55.3
55.1
55.3
54.2
55.1
1,665 1,634 1,599 1,676 1,705 1,721 1,725 1,611 1,674 1,688 1,736 1,647 1,718
12.8
12.7
12.3
12.4
11.9
12.5
12.3
11.9
12.1
12.7
12.3
12.8
12.3

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2 ...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,354
74.1
5,654
65.9
700
11.0

6,327
73.6
5,612
65.3
715
11.3

6,359
73.8
5,639
65.5
720
11.3

6,382
74.0
5,654
65.5
728
11.4

6,400
74.1
5,643
65.3
757
11.8

6,265
72.6
5,495
63.7
770
12.3

6,377
73.7
5,599
64.7
778
12.2

6,374
73.4
5,631
64.8
743
11.7

6,329
72.8
5,597
64.3
732
11.6

6,414
73.6
5,702
65.4
712
11.1

6,377
73.0
5,673
65.0
704
11.0

6,357
72.7
5,675
64.9
682
10.7

6,402
73.0
5,665
64.6
737
11.5

6,343
59.1
5,665
52.8
678
10.7

6,374
59.3
5,738
53.4
636
10.0

6,314
58.6

6,395
59.3
5,750
53.3
645
10.1

6,471
59.9

6,452
59.7
5,758
53.2
694
10.8

6,463
59.7
5,766
53.2
697
10.8

6,414

6,476
59.6
5,799
53.4
677
10.5

6,560
60.3
5,876
54.0
684
10.4

6,464
59.3
5,716
52.5
748
11.6

6,366
58.3
5,648
51.8
718
11.3

6,460
59.1
5,730
52.4
730
11.3

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.

46



5,708
53.0

606
9.6

5,806
53.8
665
10.3

59.1
5,798
53.4
616
9.6

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1990
Dec.

1991
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

789
37.0
502
23.5
287
36.4
37.0
35.7

801
37.7
518
24.4
283
35.3
35.3
35.4

771
36.5
498
23.6
273
35.4
35.8
35.0

808
38.4
505
24.0
303
37.5
37.5
37.5

773
36.8
490
23.3
283
36.6
37.7
35.4

752
35.3
495
23.2
257
34.2
36.5
31.7

736
35.0
486
23.1
250
34.0
36.5
30.9

726
34.6
474
22.6
252
34.7
32.5
37.0

683
32.6
418
20.0
265
38.8
36.7
41.4

757
36.3
465
22.3
292
38.6
40.7
35.9

729
34.9
445
21.3
284
39.0
36.1
42.1

703
33.7
456
21.9
247
35.1
36.4
33.8

697
33.5
446
21.4
251
36.0
35.7
36.3

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

14,514 14,553 14,593 14,632 14,672 14,711 14,751 14,790 14,829 14,869 14,908 14,948 14,987
9,674 9,739 9,688 9,734 9,829 9,752 9,852 9,900 9,848 9,875
9,660 9,618
9,581
66.4
66.0
66.4
66.4
66.1
65.9
65.9
66.3
65.8
66.5
66.0
65.9
65.9
8,678 8,752 8,705 8,704 8,847 8,749 8,770 8,889 8,781
8,782 8,865 8,844 8,915
59.8
60.1
59.5
60.3
59.5
59.7
60.1
59.2
59.5
59.1
59.2
59.5
59.5
892
970
908
903
1,004
1,035
1,070
940
964
939
913
971
960
9.4
9.4
9.7
9.2
10.0
9.5
10.2
10.5
10.9
10.0
9.6
9.9
9.7

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
2




and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Seasonally adjusted data have been revised based on the experience
through December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional
information.

47

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1990

1991

Category
Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec,

CHARACTERISTIC

Total
Married men, spouse present ....
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families ...

117,476 116,977 116,937 116,834 117,388 116,730 116,909 116,729 116,484 117,089 116,867 116,772 116,728
40,691 40,411 40,517 40,387 40,527 40,363 40,397 40,493 40,457 40,440 40,472 40,398 40,206
29,758 29,643 29,695 29,611 29,758 29,688 29,842 29,921 29,866 29,833 29,838 29,803 29,779
6,371 6,383 6,388 6,456 6,398 6,362 6,487 6,484 6,475 6,551 6,469 6,501 6,536

OCCUPATION

Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

30,760

30,694 31,030 30,761 30,904 30,874 30,858 30,922 30,923 31,041 31,139 31,218 31,796

36,326
15,891
13,522
17,564
3,461

36,369
15,811
13,393
17,311
3,448

36,162
15,847
13,366
17,111
3,474

36,265
15,935
13,236
17,153
3,416

36,413
15,896
13,221
17,207
3,462

36,215
15,854
13,220
17,226
3,455

36,208
16,100
13,121
17,087
3,486

35,936
16,096
13,098
17,174
3,511

35,935
15,957
13,103
17,117
3,463

36,030
16,061
13,064
17,383
3,452

36,045
16,051
13,129
17,138
3,439

35,862
16,121
13,023
17,189
3,460

35,626
16,076
12,982
16,922
3,420

1,677
1,487
103

1,630

1,646

1,584

1,699

1,412

1,467

119

107

1,654
1,440
121

1,646
1,431

127

1,715
1,437
117

1,683
1,486

156

1,438
116

1,477

142

1,696
1,435
117

1,679

1,441

1,664
1,427
96

1,724

1,412

115

108

104,279 104,447 104,237 104,645
17,880 17,943 17,903 17,944
86,399 86,504 86,334 86,701
1,014 1,094 1,035 1,013
85,385 85,410 85,299 85,688
8,949 8,873
8,867 8,955
247
228
215
201

104,527
18,135
86,392
993
85,399

INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

104,897 104,781 104,773
17,692 17,716 17,803
87,205 87,065 86,970
967
1,012
974
86,193 86,091 86,003
8,896 8,770 8,890
232
237
238

104,553 104,715 104,603
17,820 18,042 17,904
86,733 86,673 86,699
949
961
988
85,745 85,712 85,750
8,901 9,175 8,744
212
218
225

104,291 104,407
17,812 17,915
86,479 86,492
954
953
85,525 85,539
8,950 8,950
8,758
231
232
229

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,587 5,957 6,051 6,083 5,966 5,739 5,932 5,968 6,327 6,304 6,408 6,321
2,954 3,182 3,209 3,278 3,141 3,155 3,122 3,137 3,358 3,384 3,297 3,246
2,275 2,386 2,460 2,454 2,531 2,369 2,536 2,601 2,663 2,631 2,768 2,743
15,079 14,931 15,002 14,883 15,052 14,937 15,477 15,153 15,035 15,021 14,980 14,924 14,893

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,247 5,685 5,760 5,791 5,697 5,469 5,660 5,710 6,040 6,055 6,123 6,084
2,733 2,994 3,010 3,073 2,964 2,975 2,942 2,968 3,158 3,196 3,102 3,081
2,189 2,330 2,384 2,393 2,448 2,262 2,453 2,517 2,584 2,565 2,688 2,664
14,648 14,537 14,567 14,504 14,640 14,414 15,063 14,692 14,589 14,561 14,497 14,463 14,450

5,600
3,016
2,300

5,331

2,825
2,223

1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey
period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

48



NOTE: Data have been revised based on the experience through
December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1990

1991

Sex and age
Dec.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men,

16 years and over ....

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

117,476 116,977 116,937 116,834 117,388 116,730 116,909 116,729 116,484 117,089 116,867 116,772 116,728
18,529 18,377 18,243 18,139 18,160 17,850 17,679 17,532 17,478 17,821 17,717 17,725 17,593
5,984
5,881
5,926
5,752
5,668
5,377
5,337
5,829
5,579
5,607
5,557
5,534
5,443
2,224
2,201
2,329
2,162
2,146
2,114
2,006
2,007
2,149
2,111
2,127
2,086
2,065
3,754
3,695
3,634
3,628
3,545
3,407
3,327
3,672
3,399
3,470
3,429
3,445
3,386
12,545 12,496 12,317 12,310 12,408 12,182 12,100 12,155 12,141 12,214 12,160 12,191 12,150
98,957 98,597 98,669 98,667 99,136 98,837 99,267 99,293 99,054 99,257 99,158 99,082 99,142
84,040 83,888 83,929 83,940 84,374 84,207 84,508 84,535 84,487 84,642 84,578 84,595 84,667
14,902 14,680 14,726 14,732 14,783 14,602 14,727 14,714 14,574 14,712 14,589 14,519 14,473
64,222

63,819

63,611

63,563

63,836

63,528

63,427

63,514

63,378

63,767

63,597

63,572

63,426

9,729
9,573
9,472
9,394
9,379
9,281
9,169
9,172
9,183
3,051
3,038
2,889
2,890
3,126
2,966
2,823
2,756
2,773
1,167
1,193
1,089
1,179
1,098
1,086
1,111
1,062
1,013
1,857
1,884
1,877
1,791
1,950
1,812
1,689
1,723
1,747
6,522
6,434
6,391
6,603
6,428
6,490
6,360
6,413
6,399
54,533 54,247 54,143 54,167 54,424 54,225 54,313 54,278 54,227
45,962 45,867 45,787 45,812 45,987 45,879 45,959 45,999 46,001
8,548
8,360
8,355
8,364
8,340
8,294
8,353
8,420
8,231

9,214
9,351
9,246
9,158
2,924
2,851
2,808
2,754
1,083
1,082
1,056
1,053
1,822
1,769
1,765
1,709
6,427
6,395
6,406
6,404
54,422 54,345 54,365 54,302
46,174 46,104 46,099 46,071
8,210
8,289
8,265
8,262

53,254

53,322

53,158

53,326

53,271

53,552

53,202

53,302

53,395

53,106

53,270

53,200

53,302

8,804
8,771
8,800
8,745
8,781
8,569
8,306
8,496
8,363
8,471
8,511
8,470
8,435
2,858
2,830
2,888
2,863
2,778
2,564
2,863
2,756
2,621
2,683
2,706
2,726
2,689
1,057
1,022
1,136
1,060
1,025
994
1,064
1,038
944
1,028
1,045
1,030
1,012
1,804
1,811
1,777
1,816
1,754
1,795
1,718
1,676
1,580
1,648
1,660
1,680
1,677
5,942
5,974
5,883
5,918
5,791
5,882
5,740
5,742
5,742
5,787
5,765
5,785
5,746
44,424 44,350 44,526 44,500 44,712 44,612 44,954 45,015 44,827 44,835 44,813 44,717 44,840
38,078 38,021 38,142 38,128 38,387 38,328 38,549 38,536 38,486 38,468 38,474 38,496 38,596
6,371
6,354
6,320
6,368
6,363
6,262
6,374
6,420
6,343
6,423
6,324
6,257
6,263

NOTE: Data have been revised based on the experience through

December 1991. See the article in this, issue for additional information.

A-37. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1990

1991

Sex and age
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

7,668

7,763

8,130

8,416

8,256

8,529

8,615

8,475

2,479
1,204
520
688
1,275
5,153
4,672
500

2,626
1,305
536
732
1,321
5,235
4,652
524

2,656
1,240
489
735
1,416
5,464
4,891
573

2,726
1,322
573
766
1,404
5,705
5,077
617

2,665
1,280
565
714
1,385
5,621
5,024
579

2,838
1,318
549
798
1,520
5,673
5,083
613

2,794
1,311
556
765
1,483
5,826
5,132
655

4,346

4,337

4,684

4,858

4,730

4,895

1,394
674
296
375
720
2,932
2,627
315

1,470
689
281
382
781
2,973
2,585
333

1,505
674
289
384
831
3,168
2,797
364

1,590
752
352
416
838
3,281
2,886
393

1,547
695
300
394
852
3,228
2,839
382

3,322

3,426

3,446

3,558

1,085
530
224
313
555
2,221
2,045
185

1,156
616
255
350
540
2,262
2,067
191

1,151
566
200
351
585
2,296
2,094
209

1,136
570
221
350
566
2,424
2,191
224

Dec.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men,

16 years and over

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years

55 years and over

N O T E : Data have been revised based on the experience through




June

July

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

8,520

8,501

8,641

8,602

8,891

2,856
1,332
600
730
1,524
5,573
5,014
618

2,717
1,250
555
684
1,467
5,767
5,141
631

2,767
1,247
553
714
1,520
5,757
5,174
597

2,840
1,294
585
706
1,546
5,741
5,191
570

2,797
1,271
552
716
1,526
5,771
5,202
608

2,942
1,305
608
702
1,637
5,919
5,319
628

4,966

4,952

4,891

4,955

4,894

4,845

4,990

1,567
752
300
472
815
3,295
2,917
398

1,599
751
297
461
848
3,334
2,903
399

1,625
727
320
407
898
3,295
2,919
406

1,533
680
295
379
853
3,330
2,924
409

1,597
712
299
413
885
3,346
2,992
368

1,554
679
300
376
875
3,306
2,982
355

1,532
695
285
408
837
3,292
2,975
355

1,595
700
291
405
895
3,379
3,025
371

3,526

3,634

3,649

3,523

3,629

3,546

3,747

3,757

3,901

1,118
585
265
320
533
2,393
2,185
197

1,271
566
249
326
705
2,378
2,166
215

1,195
560
259
304
635
2,492
2,229
256

1,231
605
280
323
626
2,278
2,095
212

1,184
570
260
305
614
2,437
2,217
222

1,170
535
254
301
635
2,411
2,182
229

1,286
615
285
330
671
2,435
2,209
215

1,265
576
267
308
689
2,479
2,227
253

1,347
605
317
297
742
2,540
2,294
257

Aug.

December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

49

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1991

1990
Sex and age
Dec.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over..../.
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

6.1

6.2

6.5

6.7

6.6

6.8

6.9

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.9

6.9

7.1

11.8
16.8
19.0
15.5
9.2
4.9
5.3
3.2

12.5
18.2
19.6
16.5
9.6
5.0
5.3
3.4

12.7
17.3
17.4
16.8
10.3
5.2
5.5
3.7

13.1
18.5
21.0
17.3
10.2
5.5
5.7
4.0

12.8
18.2
20.8
16.4
10.0
5.4
5.6
3.8

13.7
18.9
20.6
18.4
11.1
5.4
5.7
4.0

13.6
19.0
20.6
18.3
10.9
5.5
5.7
4.3

14.0
19.9
23.0
17.7
11.1
5.3
5.6
4.0

13.5
19.0
21.7
17.1
10.8
5.5
5.7
4.1

13.4
18.2
20.8
17.1
11.1
5.5
5.8
3.9

13.8
18.9
21.6
17.1
11.3
5.5
5.8
3.8

13.6
18.7
20.9
17.2
11.1
5.5
5.8
4.0

14.3
19.3
22.7
17.2
11.9
5.6
5.9
4.2

6.3

6.4

6.9

7.1

6.9

7.2

7.3

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.1

7.1

7.3

12.5
17.7
20.2
16.1
9.8
5.1
5.4
3.6

13.3
18.4
19.2
16.9
10.7
5.2
5.3
3.8

13.7
18.2
19.5
17.1
11.4
5.5
5.8
4.2

14.5
20.2
24.3
18.1
11.5
5.7
5.9
4.5

14.2
19.4
21.6
17.9
11.6
5.6
5.8
4.3

14.4
20.6
21.6
20.9
11.3
5.7
6.0
4.6

14.8
21.0
21.1
21.4
11.8
5.8
5.9
4.6

15.1
20.9
23.2
19.1
12.3
5.7
6.0
4.7

14.3
19.7
22.6
17.8
11.8
5.8
6.0
4.7

14.6
19.6
21.6
18.5
12.1
5.8
6.1
4.3

14.4
19.2
21.7
17.5
12.0
5.7
6.1
4.1

14.3
19.8
21.3
18.8
11.6
5.7
6.1
4.1

14.8
20.3
21.7
19.2
12.3
5.9
6.2
4.3

5.9

6.1

6.1

6.3

6.2

6.4

6.4

6.2

6.4

6.2

6.6

6.6

6.8

11.0
15.6
17.5
14.8
8.5
4.8
5.1
2.8

11.6
17.9
20.0
16.2
8.3
4.9
5.2
2.9

11.6
16.4
15.0
16.5
9.0
4.9
5.2
3.2

11.5
16.6
17.2
16.3
8.8
5.2
5.4
3.4

11.3
17.0
20.0
15.0
8.3
5.1
5.4
3.0

12.9
16.9
19.5
15.7
10.9
5.1
5.3
3.3

12.3
16.9
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.3
5.5
3.9

12.8
18.8
22.9
16.2
9.8
4.8
5.2
3.2

12.5
18.2
20.7
16.2
9.7
5.2
5.4
3.4

12.1
16.6
19.8
15.4
9.9
5.1
5.4
3.4

13.2
18.5
21.4
16.6
10.4
5.2
5.4
3.3

12.9
17.4
20.6
15.5
10.6
5.3
5.5
3.9

13.8
18.4
23.9
15.0
11.4
5.4
5.6
3.9

NOTE: Data have been revised based on the experience through

50




December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1990

1991

Category
Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

61
5.7
5.2
16.8

6.2
5.7
5.3
18.2

6.5
6.2
5.4
17.3

67
6.3
5.6
18.5

6.6
6.2
5.5
18.2

6.8
6.4
5.7
18.9

6.9
6.5
5.7
19.0

68
6.5
5.4
19.9

68
6.5
5.7
19.0

68
6.5
5.6
18.2

69
65
5.8
18.9

69
64
5.9
18.7

7 1
66
6.1
19.3

5.3
11.1
12.3
9.4

5.5
10.8
12.1
9.4

5.8
10.7
11.9
9.5

6.0
11.0
12.3
10.0

5.8
11.1
12.5
9.2

6.0
11.3
12.8
9.7

6.1
11.2
12.7
9.9

6.1
10.6
11.9
9.6

6.1
11.1
12.4
10.0

6.1
11.1
12.3
10.9

6.1
11 5
12.8
10.5

6.2
11.0
12.3
10.2

6.3
11.5
12.7
97

Married men spouse present
Married women spouse present
Women who maintain families

3.8
4.1
88

4.0
4.1
90

4.2
4.3
9.1

4.4
4.6
9 1

4.3
4.5
96

4.4
4.5
92

4.6
4.6
9 1

4.4
4.4
85

4.4
4.4
94

4.5
4.5
90

4.2
4.5
94

4.5
4.6
9 1

4.7
4.9
91

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

5.8
7.7
1.4
70

6.0
7.7
1.5
71

6.3
7.5
1.6
74

6.4
8.8
1.7
76

6.3
8.2
1.7
75

6.5
8.8
1.8
76

6.6
8.5
2.0
76

6.6
8.2
1.9
76

6.6
8.3
1.9
77

6.5
8.4
1.9
77

66
8.4
2.0
77

65
8.6
2.1
79

68
8.6
2.3
8 1

2.3
4.8
71
9.7
7.0

2.7
4.6
73
10.1
7.4

2.5
4.9
75
11.2
7.6

2.7
5.1
76
10.8
86

2.6
5.1
78
10.5
65

2.9
5.2
79
10.5
73

2.8
5.2
79
11.0
7.6

2.9
5.0
83
10.6
72

2.9
5.1
82
10.3
79

2.8
5.1
80
10.0
79

2.9
52
81
10.1
78

2.9
53
82
10.0
81

2.9
56
83
10.7
76

6.3
8.2
6.5
14.1
6.7
6.8
6.4
5.5
4.3
6.7
4.9
2.7
12.5

6.5
8.3
6.5
14.5
6.6
7.1
6.0
5.6
4.6
7.0
4.9
3.0
11.8

6.8
8.9
6.0
15.1
7.2
7.8
6.4
5.9
5.1
7.3
5.0
3.1
11.3

7.1
8.9
6.9
14.3
7.4
7.9
6.7
6.3
5.3
78
5.4
3.6
13.0

6.9
9.0
7.4
14.9
7.4
8.0
6.6
6.0
5.3
7.3
5.2
3.1
10.4

7.1
9.0
7.1
15.0
7.4
7.6
7.0
6.3
5.3
7.7
5.5
3.2
11.3

7.2
9.4
8.5
15.5
7.7
8.0
7.3
6.3
5.2
7.6
5.5
2.9
11.9

7.1
9.1
8.8
16.2
7.1
7.2
6.9
6.2
5.1
79
5.2
2.8
11.5

7.1
9.0
7.7
15.4
7.2
7.4
7.0
6.2
5.2
76
5.5
3.3
11.8

7.0
8.9
9.6
15.7
6.9
7.0
6.8
6.2
4.9
78
5.4
3.4
11.2

7.1
9.0
8.3
16.1
70
7.4
6.4
6.3
5.1
77
5.5
35
11.9

7.2
9.3
9.2
16.1
74
7.1
7.9
6.3
5.7
75
5.7
3.4
12.4

7.4
9.2
8.2
16.3
72
73
7.1
6.6
6.7
78
5.8
35
11.5

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes 16 to 19 years
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin

..

.

..

OCCUPATION3
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production craft and repair
Operators fabricators and laborers
Farming forestry and fishing
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
..
..
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities ..
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.
3
Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not available
2




because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle
and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with
sufficient precision.
NOTE: Data have been revised based on the experience through
December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

51

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1991

1990
Weeks of unemployment
Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

3,316
2,562
1,774
966
808

3,392
2,527
1,869
1,007
862

3,417
2,694
1,985
1,066
919

3,458
2,803
2,144
1,199
945

3,285
2,708
2,180
1,185
995

3,596
2,711
2,213
1,188
1,025

3,413
2,816
2,488
1,372
1,116

3,370
2,737
2,355
1,234
1,121

3,386
2,686
2,417
1,258
1,159

3,344
2,798
2,422
1,260
1,162

3,300
2,774
2,570
1,415
1,155

3,289
2,721
2,623
1,300
1,323

3,307
2,764
2,843
1,372
1,471

12.5
5.9

12.5
5.9

12.9
6.3

13.0
6.5

13.4
6.9

13.1
6.6

14.0
6.9

13.9
6.8

14.1
7.2

14.2
7.4

14.6
7.4

14.9
7.7

15.3
7.8

100.0
43.3
33 5
23.2
12.6
10.6

100.0
43.6
32.4
24.0
12.9
11.1

100.0
42.2
33.3
24.5
13.2
11.4

100.0
41.1
33.3
25.5
14.3
11.2

100.0
40.2
33.1
26.7
14.5
12.2

100.0
42.2
31.8
26.0
13.9
12.0

100.0
39.2
32.3
28.5
15.7
12.8

100.0
39.8
32.3
27.8
14.6
13.2

100.0
39.9
31.6
28.5
14.8
13.7

100.0
39.0
32.7
28.3
14.7
13.6

100.0
38.2
32.1
29.7
16.4
13.4

100.0
38.1
31.5
30.4
15.1
15.3

100.0
37.1
31.0
31.9
15.4
16.5

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration in weeks
Median duration in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over .
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

NOTE: Data have been revised based on the experience through

December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1990

1991

Reasons for unemployment
Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

3,880
1,182
2,698
1,044
2,112
ODD

4,080
1,151
2,929
914
2,036
681

4,474
1,441
3,033
993
2,010
649

4,587
1,371
3,216
1,055
2,076
708

4,456
1,328
3,128
993
2,059
741

4,571
1,316
3,255
1,029
2,159
763

4,748
1,351
3,397
1,072
2,120
742

4,659
1,220
3,439
987
2,065
800

4,690
1,286
3,404
892
2,107
773

4,805
1,149
3,656
946
2,036
783

4,782
1,230
3,552
986
2,100
813

4,696
1,196
3,500
987
2,108
774

4,990
1,256
3,734
913
2,164
811

100.0
50.4
15.3
35.0
13.6
27.4
8.6

100.0
52.9
14.9
38.0
11.9
26.4
8.8

100.0
55.1
17.7
37.3
12.2
24.7
8.0

100.0
54.4
16.3
38.2
12.5
24.6
8.4

100.0
54.0
16.1
37.9
12.0
25.0
9.0

100.0
53.6
15.4
38.2
12.1
25.3
9.0

100.0
54.7
15.6
39.1
12.3
24.4
8.5

100.0
54.7
14.3
40.4
11.6
24.3
9.4

100.0
55.4
15.2
40.2
10.5
24.9
9.1

100.0
56.1
13.4
42.7
11.0
23.8
9.1

100.0
55.1
14.2
40.9
11.4
24.2
9.4

100.0
54.8
14.0
40.9
11.5
24.6
9.0

100.0
56.2
14.1
42.1
10.3
24.4
9.1

3.1
.8
1.7
.5

3.3
.7
1.6
.5

3.6
.8
1.6
.5

3.7
.8
1.7
.6

3.5
.8
1.6
.6

3.6
.8
1.7
.6

3.8
.9
1.7
.6

3.7
.8
1.6
.6

3.8
.7
1.7
.6

3.8
.8
1.6
.6

3.8
.8
1.7
.6

3.7
.8
1.7
.6

4.0
.7
1.7
.6

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

NOTE: Data have been revised based on the experience through

52




December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-42. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1989

1988

1990

1991

Employment status and sex
IV

IV

IV

IV

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

186,949
124,137
66.4
117,602
62.9
1,696
115,906
3,221
112,685
6,535
5.3
62,812

187,461
124,949
66.7
118,547
63.2
1,688
116,859
3,246
113,613
6,402
5.1
62,512

187,852
125,376
66.7
118,897
63.3
1,674
117,223
3,120
114,103
6,479
5.2
62,476

188,288
125,721
66.8
119,168
63.3
1,685
117,483
3,237
114,245
6,553
5.2
62,566

188,722
126,113
66.8
119,449
63.3
1,704
117,745
3,185
114,561
6,664
5.3
62,609

189,093
126,349
66.8
119,812
63.4
1,681
118,131
3,173
114,958
6,537
5.2
62,743

189,466
126,468
66.7
119,886
63.3
1,642
118,244
3,236
115,008
6,583
5.2
62,998

189,889
126,441
66.6
119,455
62.9
1,623
117,832
3,137
114,695
6,986
5.5
63,448

190,297
126,514
66.5
119,061
62.6
1,601
117,460
3,208
114,252
7,453
5.9
63,783

190,671
126,578
66.4
118,475
62.1
1,559
116,916
3,185
113,731
8,103
6.4
64,093

190,996
126,949
66.5
118,482
62.0
1,473
117,009
3,243
113,766
8,467
6.7
64,047

191,593
126,881
66.2
118,382
61.8
1,615
116,767
3,260
113,507
8,499
6.7
64,712

192,056
127,108
66.2
118,397
61.6
1,608
116,789
3,220
113,569
8,711
6.9
64,949

89,715
68,623
76.5
65,035
72.5
1,534
63,501
3,587
5.2
21,092

89,973
69,053
76.7
65,555
72.9
1,525
64,030
3,498
5.1
20,920

90,166
69,324
76.9
65,872
73.1
1,511
64,361
3,452
5.0
20,842

90,385
69,399
76.8
65,894
72.9
1,516
64,378
3,506
5.1
20,986

90,606
69,597
76.8
65,967
72.8
1,529
64,438
3,630
5.2
21,009

90,823
69,662
76.7
66,102
72.8
1,509
64,593
3,560
5.1
21,161

91,014
69,703
76.6
66,077
72.6
1,479
64,598
3,626
5.2
21,312

91,226
69,641
76.3
65,771
72.1
1,459
64,312
3,871
5.6
21,585

91,425
69,877
76.4
65,680
71.8
1,440
64,240
4,198
6.0
21,548

91,609
69,693
76.1
65,066
71.0
1,402
63,664
4,626
6.6
21,916

91,737
69,809
76.1
64,945
70.8
1,319
63,626
4,864
7.0
21,928

92,103
69,897
75.9
64,965
70.5
1.441
63,524
4,933
7.1
22,205

92,355
69,876
75.7
64,966
70.3
1,434
63,532
4,910
7.0
22,480

97,234
55,514
57.1
52,566
54.1
162
52,404
2,948
5.3
41,720

97,488
55,896
57.3
52,992
54.4
163
52,829
2,904
5.2
41,592

97,686
56,053
57.4
53,025
54.3
163
52,862
3,028
5.4
41,634

97,903
56,321
57.5
53,274
54.4
169
53,105
3,047
5.4
41,582

98,116
56,516
57.6
53,483
54.5
175
53,308
3,034
5.4
41,599

98,270
56,689
57.7
53,711
54.7
173
53,538
2,977
5.3
41,581

98,452
56,765
57.7
53,809
54.7
163
53,646
2,957
5.2
41,687

98,663
56,799
57.6
53,683
54.4
163
53,520
3,116
5.5
41,863

98,872
56,636
57.3
53,380
54.0
160
53,220
3,256
5.7
42,235

99,062
56,885
57.4
53,409
53.9
157
53,252
3,477
6.1
42,177

99,259
57,140
57.6
53,537
53.9
154
53,383
3,603
6.3
42,120

99,490
56,983
57.3
53,417
53.7
174
53,243
3,566
6.3
42,507

99,701
57,232
57.4
53,431
53.6
173
53,257
3,802
6.6
42,469

Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

1
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
4
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident
Armed Forces).




NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-42 through A-53 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
Seasonally
adjusted data have been revised based on the experience through
December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

53

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-43. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1988

1989

IV

1990
IV

1991
IV

IV

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

185,253 185,773 186,178 186,602 187,018 187,411 187,824 188,266 188,696 189,112 189,523 189,978 190,449
122,441 123,261 123,702 124,036 124,409 124,668 124,826 124,818 124,913 125,019 125,476 125,266 125,500
66.2
66.3
66.5
66.5
66.5
66.2
66.5
66.4
66.4
65.9
65.9
66.1
66.1
115,906 116,859 117,223 117,483 117,745 118,131 118,244 117,832 117,460 116,916 117,009 116,767 116,789
62.2
62.6
63.0
63.0
63.0
61.7
63.0
63.0
62.9
61.3
61.5
61.8
62.6
6,535 6,402 6,479 6,553 6,664 6,537 6,583 6,986 7,453 8,103 8,467 8,499 8,711
6.0
5.6
5.3
5.2
5.4
6.7
5.3
5.2
5.2
6.9
6.8
6.5
5.3

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

88,181
67,089
76.1
63,501
72.0
2,510
60,991
3,587
5.3
21,092

88,448
67,528
76.3
64,030
72.4
2,508
61,522
3,498
5.2
20,920

88,655
67,813
76.5
64,361
72.6
2,464
61,897
3,452
5.1
20,842

88,869
67,883
76.4
64,378
72.4
2,547
61,831
3,506
5.2
20,986

89,077
68,068
76.4
64,438
72.3
2,505
61,932
3,630
5.3
21,009

89,314
68,153
76.3
64,593
72.3
2,505
62,087
3,560
5.2
21,161

89,536
68,224
76.2
64,598
72.1
2,519
62,079
3,626
5.3
21,312

89,767
68,182
76.0
64,312
71.6
2,475
61,836
3,871
5.7
21,585

89,985
68,437
76.1
64,240
71.4
2,537
61,702
4,198
6.1
21,548

90,207
68,291
75.7
63,664
70.6
2,505
61,160
4,626
6.8
21,916

90,418
68,490
75.7
63,626
70.4
2,575
61,051
4,864
7.1
21,928

90,662
68,457
75.5
63,524
70.1
2,577
60,947
4,933
7.2
22,205

90,921
68,441
75.3
63,532
69.9
2,529
61,002
4,910
7.2
22,480

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

80,925
62,985
77.8
60,032
74.2
2,305
57,727
2,953
4.7
17,940

81,251
63,430
78.1
60,619
74.6
2,316
58,303
2,811
4.4
17,821

81,510
63,676
78.1
60,882
74.7
2,271
58,611
2,794
4.4
17,834

81,741
63,734
78.0
60,839
74.4
2,331
58,508
2,895
4.5
18,007

81,976
63,945
78.0
60,989
74.4
2,295
58,694
2,956
4.6
18,031

82,264
64,136
78.0
61,190
74.4
2,283
58,907
2,947
4.6
18,128

82,581
64,304
77.9
61,286
74.2
2,336
58,950
3,018
4.7
18,277

82,864
64,420
111
61,185
73.8
2,270
58,915
3,235
5.0
18,444

83,105
64,660
77.8
61,122
73.5
2,320
58,802
3,538
5.5
18,445

83,376
64,567
77.4
60,646
72.7
2,306
58,340
3,921
6.1
18,809

83,650
64,890
77.6
60,759
72.6
2,373
58,386
4,131
6.4
18,760

83,943
64,933
77.4
60,706
72.3
2,384
58,323
4,226
6.5
19,010

84,254
64,946
77.1
60,727
72.1
2,359
58,368
4,218
6.5
19,308

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

97,072
55,352
57.0
52,404
54.0
710
51,694
2,948
5.3
41,720

97,325
55,733
57.3
52,829
54.3
738
52,091
2,904
5.2
41,592

97,523
55,889
57.3
52,862
54.2
656
52,206
3,028
5.4
41,634

97,734
56,152
57.5
53,105
54.3
690
52,415
3,047
5.4
41,582

97,940
56,341
57.5
53,308
54.4
679
52,628
3,034
5.4
41,599

98,097
56,516
57.6
53,538
54.6
668
52,871
2,977
5.3
41,581

98,289
56,602
57.6
53,646
54.6
717
52,929
2,957
5.2
41,687

98,499
56,636
57.5
53,520
54.3
662
52,859
3,116
5.5
41,863

98,711
56,476
57.2
53,220
53.9
671
52,549
3,256
5.8
42,235

98,905
56,728
57.4
53,252
53.8
680
52,571
3,477
6.1
42,177

99,106
56,986
57.5
53,383
53.9
668
52,715
3,603
6.3
42,120

99,316
56,809
57.2
53,243
53.6
683
52,560
3,566
6.3
42,507

99,528
57,059
57.3
53,257
53.5
690
52,567
3,802
6.7
42,469

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

89,883
51,513
57.3
49,088
54.6
651
48,438
2,425
4.7
38,370

90,155
51,922
57.6
49,527
54.9
678
48,849
2,395
4.6
38,233

90,425
52,062
57.6
49,580
54.8
617
48,963
2,482
4.8
38,363

90,685
52,316
57.7
49,829
54.9
651
49,178
2,486
4.8
38,369

90,952
52,540
57.8
50,035
55.0
628
49,408
2,505
4.8
38,412

91,162
52,808
57.9
50,351
55.2
621
49,730
2,457
4.7
38,354

91,413
53,014
58.0
50,569
55.3
666
49,903
2,446
4.6
38,399

91,678
53,156
58.0
50,553
55.1
617
49,936
2,603
4.9
38,522

91,954
53,072
57.7
50,350
54.8
630
49,720
2,722
5.1
38,882

92,203
53,284
57.8
50,391
54.7
646
49,745
2,893
5.4
38,919

92,453
53,617
58.0
50,584
54.7
629
49,955
3,033
5.7
38,836

92,724
53,617
57.8
50,621
54.6
641
49,979
2,996
5.6
39,107

92,955
53,753
57.8
50,550
54.4
656
49,894
3,203
6.0
39,202

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14,445 14,367 14,243 14,177 14,090 13,985 13,830 13,724 13,637 13,532 13,420 13,312 13,239
7,168 6,969 6,717 6,801
7,943 7,909 7,964 7,986 7,924 7,724 7,508 7,243 7,181
52.7
52.8
54.3
55.2
56.2
51.4
50.5
51.9
53.0
56.3
55.9
55.1
55.0
6,785 6,713 6,761 6,814 6,721 6,590 6,389 6,094 5,988 5,879 5,666 5,440 5,511
44.4
47.7
43.9
46.2
47.1
46.7
43.4
48.1
47.5
41.6
40.9
42.2
47.0
258
250
235
269
262
233
255
231
252
204
235
242
265
6,520 6,461 6,529 6,559 6,459 6,321 6,154 5,844 5,730 5,646 5,425 5,205 5,307
1,193
1,149
1,134
1,203
1,119
1,172
1,203
1,196
1,276
1,289
1,158
1,290
1,303
14.7
15.2
16.6
15.9
14.9
14.7
19.0
15.1
15.1
19.0
18.7
18.0
14.6
6,456 6,364 6,451 6,595 6,438
6,502 6,458 6,279 6,191 6,166 6,261 6,322 6,481

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional

54




population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-44. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,

1988

1990

1989

1991

race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

IV

IV

IV

IV

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

158,611 158,944 159,198 159,473 159,738 160,007 160,269 160,553 160,830 161,095 161,357 161,646 161,947
105,335 105,956 106,242 106,397 106,773 107,096 107,173 107,268 107,208 107,345 107,634 107,398 107,626
66.4
66.6
66.7
66.7
66.8
66.9
66.7
66.8
66.5
66.9
66.4
66.7
66.7
100,478 101,305 101,517 101,575 101,895 102,229 102,276 102,132 101,699 101,138 101,196 100,854 100,957
62.8
63.8
62.4
62.7
63.2
63.6
63.8
63.7
63.8
62.3
63.9
63.3
63.7
5,509 6,207 6,439 6,545 6,668
5,136
4,857 4,650 4,724 4,822 4,878 4,867 4,897
5.8
4.6
6.1
6.0
5.1
4.8
4.6
4.5
4.4
6.2
4.5
4.6
4.4

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

54,903 55,279 55,398 55,431 55,644 55,879 55,886 56,000 56,133 56,062 56,301 56,342 56,292
78.0
78.2
78.2
78.3
78.4
78.4
77.6
77.8
77.9
78.5
78.3
78.5
78.5
52,643 53,176 53,319 53,241 53,440 53,635 53,592 53,599 53,466 52,964 53,098 52,982 52,966
73.0
73.2
73.6
73.6
74.5
74.9
75.4
75.1
75.3
75.3
75.0
75.5
75.6
2,260 2,103 2,079 2,190 2,204 2,244 2,294 2,401 2,666 3,098 3,203 3,360 3,326
5.7
4.3
4.1
4.0
4.0
3.8
5.9
6.0
5.5
4.8
4.0
4.1
3.8

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

43,569 43,865 44,006 44,150 44,388 44,600 44,838 45,018 44,893 45,113 45,332 45,272 45,429
57.8
57.8
57.7
57.2
57.1
57.7
57.6
57.6
57.5
57.5
57.3
56.8
57.0
41,833 42,191 42,221 42,363 42,587 42,836 43,061 43,149 42,926 42,965 43,091 43,048 43,077
54.7
55.0
55.4
55.2
55.4
54.8
55.0
54.9
54.8
54.8
54.9
54.9
54.5
1,735 1,674 1,785 1,787 1,801 1,764 1,777 1,869 1,967 2,147 2,241 2,224 2,351
4.4
4.2
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.1
3.8
4.1
5.2
4.9
4.9
4.8
4.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,863
58.4
6,001
51.1
862
12.6
13.3
11.7

6,812
58.4
5,938
51.0
874
12.8
14.6
10.9

6,837
59.1
5,977
51.6
860
12.6
13.4
11.7

6,816
59.3
5,971
51.9
846
12.4
12.8
11.9

6,741
59.2
5,868
51.5
873
13.0
14.2
11.6

6,617
58.7
5,758
51.1
860
13.0
13.3
12.7

6,448
57.9

5,623
50.5
826
12.8
13.4
12.2

6,250
56.6
5,384
48.8
866
13.9
15.0
12.6

6,183
56.5
5,307
48.5
876
14.2
15.3
12.9

6,171
57.0
5,209
48.1
962
15.6
16.7
14.3

6,002
56.0
5,007
46.7
995
16.6
18.1
14.9

5,785
54.3

4,823
45.3
961
16.6
17.7
15.4

5,905
55.7
4,914
46.4
991
16.8
17.4
16.1

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

20,813 20,904 20,985 21,061 21,136 21,187 21,259 21,339 21,416 21,493 21,568 21,656 21,744
13,337 13,438 13,438 13,539 13,524 13,507 13,522 13,434 13,518 13,510 13,563 13,578 13,518
64.1
63.6
64.0
64.3
62.7
62.9
62.9
63.0
63.8
64.3
63.1
64.0
62.2
11,855 11,882 11,907 12,015 11,955 12,030 12,101 11,859 11,880 11,874 11,846 11,920 11,818
56.9
56.7
57.0
56.8
54.9
55.6
57.0
56.8
55.0
55.5
55.2
56.6
54.4
1,481 1,557 1,530 1,524 1,569 1,478 1,421 1,575 1,638 1,636 1,717 1,658 1,700
11.4
11.7
10.5
11.1
12.7
10.9
11.6
12.2
12.1
12.1
11.3
12.6
11.6

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,153
74.4
5,560
67.2
593
9.6

6,210
74.7
5,580
67.1
630
10.1

6,197
74.2

6,288
60.7
5,671
54.7
617

6,333
60.8
5,701
54.7
633
10.0

6,319
60.4
5,704
54.5

5,593
67.0
604
9.7

9.8

6,227
74.0
5,582
66.3
646
10.4

6,202
73.5
5,574
66.1
628
10.1

6,255
73.7
5,667
66.8
588
9.4

6,300
73.9
5,606
65.7
694
11.0

6,351
74.2
5,635
65.9
716
11.3

6,356
73.8
5,635
65.4
721
11.3

6,347
73.5
5,579
64.6
768
12.1

6,372
73.3
5,643
64.9
729
11.4

6,379
72.9
5,671
64.8
708
11.1

6,372
60.7
5,754
54.8
618
9.7

6,355
60.2
5,727
54.3
627
9.9

6,424
60.7
5,820
55.0
604
9.4

6,428
60.5
5,844
55.0
583
9.1

6,344
59.5

6,354
59.3
5,713
53.3
641
10.1

6,462
59.7
5,777
53.4
685
10.6

6,483
59.7
5,824
53.6
659
10.2

6,430
58.9

5,718
53.6
626

6,361
59.1
5,732
53.2
629
9.9

6,223
74.3
5,616
67.1
607

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

9.8

615

9.7

9.9

5,698
52.2
732
11.4

See footnotes at end of table.




55

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-44. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1988

1989

1990

IV

1991

IV

IV

IV

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

790
36.9
535
25.0
255
32.3
33.6
30.8

813
38.0
532
24.9
281
34.6
34.2
35.0

13,495 13,606 13,731 13,853 13,977 14,119 14,238 14,356
9,437
9,614
9,500
9,343
9,234
9,640
9,289
9,139
67.4
67.2
67.5
67.3
67.5
67.6
67.9
67.7
8,436 8,546 8,538 8,545 8,684 8,774 8,876 8,861
62.1
61.7
62.3
62.1
62.2
62.8
61.7
62.5
738
754
798
688
779
726
751
703
7.7
8.0
8.5
7.5
8.1
7.6
8.1
7.7

14,474
9,554
66.0
8,721
60.3
833
8.7

896
41.1
625
28.7
271
30.3
31.9
28.3

895
41.1
601
27.6
294
32.9
32.6
33.2

921
42.4
610
28.1
311
33.8
34.5
33.0

944
43.3
645
29.6
299
31.7
28.9
34.7

942
43.4
646
29.7
296
31.4
31.5
31.3

882
40.6
635
29.3
246
27.9
29.5
26.2

839
39.0
590
27.4
249
29.7
31.3
28.0

754
35.7
490
23.2
263
34.9
36.9
32.7

722
34.5
452
21.6
270
37.3
36.8
38.0

710
34.1
449
21.6
261
36.7
36.0
37.5

14,593 14,711
9,720
9,651
66.1
66.1
8,720 8,789
59.7
59.8
932
930
9.6
9.6

14,829
9,811
66.2
8,817
59.5
994
10.1

14,948
9,874
66.1
8,875
59.4
1,000
10.1

793
37.5
507
24.0
286
36.1
36.2
35.9

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
2

56



and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Seasonally adjusted data have been revised based on the experience
through December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional
information.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-45. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
Full- and part- time status, sex,
and age

1988

1990

1989

IV

1991
IV

IV

IV

EMPLOYED
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

95,897
57,011
55,531
38,870
37,789
2,577

Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

20,063 20,178 20,082
6,493 6,490 6,514
4,516
4,508
4,482
13,578 13,669 13,576
11,337 11,441 11,365
4,228 4,201
4,245

96,743
57,552
56,139
39,124
38,074
2,530

97,065
57,823
56,344
39,254
38,199
2,522

97,539
58,049
56,456
39,603
38,517
2,566

97,974
58,035
56,551
39,911
38,821
2,602

98,259
58,157
56,753
40,013
38,987
2,519

98,311
58,108
56,724
40,203
39,194
2,393

97,902
57,876
56,595
40,014
39,053
2,254

97,557
57,773
56,469
39,824
38,918
2,170

96,865
57,206
56,009
39,707
38,868
1,988

96,691
57,058
55,956
39,639
38,809
1,926

96,458
56,752
55,785
39,551
38,838
1,835

96,272
56,719
55,648
39,662
38,905
1,719

19,830 19,842 19,964 19,883 19,924 19,908 20,007 20,280 20,483 20,450
6,347 6,393 6,447 6,478 6,431
6,453 6,487 6,568 6,766 6,805
4,546 4,584
4,374 4,416 4,489
4,801
4,618 4,678
5,031
4,947
13,505 13,447 13,501 13,410 13,512 13,450 13,514 13,706 13,711 13,651
11,294 11,256 11,363 11,359 11,479 11,473 11,512 11,759 11,771 11,684
3,818
3,817
3,978 3,861
4,171
3,720 3,765 3,736
4,112
4,162

UNEMPLOYED
Looking for full-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

5,226
3,081
2,733
2,177
1,926
567

5,111
2,887
2,608
2,128
1,911
592

5,165
2,939
2,574
2,250
1,981
610

5,270
3,039
2,699
2,263
1,998
573

5,284
3,093
2,712
2,225
1,960
612

5,235
3,017
2,742
2,145
1,934
559

5,264
3,111
2,773
2,168
1,941
550

5,614
3,300
2,974
2,320
2,086
555

6,107
3,633
3,303
2,476
2,222
582

6,685
4,150
3,717
2,620
2,351
617

6,929
4,224
3,863
2,693
2,449
617

7,013
4,225
3,927
2,720
2,444
641

7,150
4,250
3,925
2,851
2,617
608

Looking for part-time work ...
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

1,290
516
212
781
493
585

1,293
534
218
763
487
589

1,316
529
215
778
501
600

1,294
505
189
794
491
614

1,356
546
231
811
537
588

1,304
494
224
819
526
554

1,321
521
238
789
507
576

1,388
573
253
815
524
610

1,321
551
224
769
489
609

1,434
592
236
846
548
650

1,532
612
250
899
587
694

1,494
615
285
885
557
652

1,529
606
277
922
571
681

NOTE: Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at
work part time are distributed according to whether they usually work full
or part time; unemployed persons are classified according to whether




they are seeking full- or part-time jobs. Data have been revised based on
the experience through December 1991. See the article in this issue for
additional information.

57

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-46. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1990

1989

1988

1991

Category
IV

IV

IV

IV

CHARACTERISTIC

Total
Married men, spouse present ....
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families ...

115,906 116,859 117,223 117,483 117,745 118,131 118,244 117,832 117,460 116,916 117,009 116,767 116,789
40,481 40,904 40,994 40,820 40,828 41,117 40,795 40,670 40,725 40,438 40,429 40,463 40,359
29,036 29,510 29,554 29,379 29,681 29,790 29,871 29,792 29,732 29,650 29,763 29,873 29,807
6,371
6,358 6,337 6,398 6,360 6,306 6,395 6,364 6,366 6,409 6,416
6,503 6,502

OCCUPATION

Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

29,603 30,049 30,370 30,423 30,743 30,618 30,481 30,787 30,756 30,828 30,879 30,962 31,384
35,731
15,555
13,657
17,919
3,510

35,651
15,614
13,882
18,224
3,452

36,128
15,451
13,721
18,139
3,329

36,235
15,740
13,735
17,881
3,478

36,438
15,429
13,899
17,887
3,409

37,017
15,521
13,767
17,838
3,377

36,956
15,789
13,679
17,837
3,419

1,653
1,411
152

1,681
1,407
150

1,605
1,387
128

1,689
1,424
134

1,666
1,390
120

1,649
1,400
108

1,669
1,460
108

36,384 36,363 36,265 36,279 35,967 35,844
15,855 15,857 15,864 15,950 16,038 16,083
13,644 13,479 13,332 13,187 13,088 13,045
17,731 17,666 17,192 17,173 17,225 17,083
3,414
3,408 3,446 3,468
3,475 3,440

INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

103,825
17,317
86,508
1,187
85,321
8,550
270

104,808 105,181 105,353 105,651
17,383 17,265 17,530 17,696
87,425 87,916 87,822 87,955
1,085
1,025
1,166
1,143
86,259 86,773 86,738 86,931
8,610
8,585 8,626 8,594
271
263
301
273

1,690
1,405
108

1,620
1,422
142

1,695
1,433
110

1,698
1,460
114

1,661
1,452
115

106,078 105,963 105,725 105,122
17,692 17,887 17,703 17,679
88,386 88,076 88,022 87,443
1,033
1,007
1,016
1,002
87,354 87,069 87,006 86,441
8,728 8,735 8,742 8,837
246
274
249
242

104,702
17,780
86,923
976
85,946
8,854
231

104,532
17,942
86,590
975
85,616
8,956
226

104,443
17,930
86,513
1,047
85,466
8,898
215

104,408
17,954
86,454
967
85,488
8,886
231

6,344
3,309
2,714
14,932

1,697
1,342
105

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

4,906 5,162
4,783 4,884
5,476 5,865
4,965 4,872
4,958
5,122
2,431
2,331
2,325 2,346
2,592
2,314
2,826 3,115
2,359
2,271
2,149
2,104
2,181
2,217
2,396 2,342 2,326 2,166
2,323 2,374
15,351 15,385 15,421 15,476 15,341 15,316 15,324 15,228 15,076 14,939

5,929 6,076
3,191
3,206
2,451
2,600
15,155 15,070

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

4,562
4,646 4,673
4,925 5,218
4,879 4,696 4,744
4,630
2,165
2,189
2,261
2,415
2,205 2,092 2,166
2,180
2,646
2,048
2,119
2,091
2,312 2,271
2,261
2,094
2,163
2,251
14,895 14,949 14,984 15,036 14,920 14,861 14,822 14,808 14,669

5,652 5,803 6,087
3,004 3,023
3,126
2,368
2,518
2,639
14,706 14,614 14,470

1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey
period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

58




5,564
2,912
2,301
14,536

NOTE: Data have been revised based on the experience through
December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-47. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1989

1988

1991

1990

Sex and age
IV

IV
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men,

16 years and over

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
NOTE:

115,906 116,859 117,223 117,483 117,745 118,131 118,244 117,832 117,460 116,916 117,009 116,767 116,789
19,905 19,804 19,838 19,791 19,398 19,265 19,080
6,389
6,590
6,721
6,761
6,814
6,785
6,713
2,380
2,577
2,491
2,594
2,574
2,686
2,580
4,004
4,135
4,108
4,162
4,233
4,097
4,145
13,120 13,091 13,077 12,977 12,677 12,675 12,691
96,010 97,058 97,349 97,715 98,361 98,849 99,128
81,236 82,143 82,437 82,942 83,531 83,951 84,214
14,771 14,895 14,899 14,800 14,831 14,891 14,903
63,501

64,030

64,361

64,378

64,438 64,593 64,598

18,695
6,094
2,230
3,851
12,601
99,169
84,253
14,931

52,829

52,862

9,574
3,316
1,302
2,005
6,258
42,830
36,537
6,292

9,481
3,302
1,278
2,020
6,179
43,339
36,997
6,322

9,504
9,532
3,282
3,276
1,269
1,238
2,018
2,030
6,222
6,257
43,349 43,585
37,033 37,276
6,319
6,322

53,105

Data have been revised based on the experience through

53,308

53,538

9,207
9,270
3,187
3,272
1,204
1,257
1,988
2,008
5,997
6,020
44,041 44,314
37,664 37,921
6,380
6,383

53,646

63,664

63,626

63,524

63,532

9,681
3,118
1,166
1,950
6,563
54,573
46,077
8,491

9,480
3,018
1,157
1,873
6,461
54,186
45,822
8,360

9,231
9,281
2,818
2,867
1,095
1,053
1,764
1,764
6,414
6,413
54,321 54,309
45,942 46,058
8,271
8,371

9,206
2,804
1,064
1,748
6,402
54,337
46,091
8,246

53,220

53,252

53,383

53,257

64,312 64,240

9,974
9,742
10,332 10,323 10,334 10,259 10,129 10,057
3,403
3,312
3,127
3,449
3,539
3,479
3,411
3,469
1,287
1,144
1,228
1,321
1,325
1,336
1,385
1,301
2,127
2,120
2,073
1,977
2,144
2,203
2,092
2,125
6,654
6,662
6,615
6,680
6,855
6,720
6,863
6,912
53,180 53,719 53,999 54,130 54,320 54,535 54,595 54,580
44,700 45,146 45,405 45,666 45,866 46,030 46,106 46,061
8,477
8,508
8,533
8,450
8,579
8,478
8,479
8,573
52,404

18,503 18,253 17,896 17,610 17,678
5,440
5,511
5,666
5,988
5,879
2,041
2,093
2,136
2,212
2,231
3,399
3,420
3,527
3,769
3,667
12,515 12,374 12,230 12,170 12,167
98,976 98,644 99,080 99,201 99,127
84,135 83,919 84,363 84,555 84,613
14,843 14,713 14,704 14,667 14,527

53,520

53,243

8,472
8,615
8,380
8,822
8,773
9,106
8,953
2,707
2,799
2,623
2,870
2,860
3,077
2,967
1,029
1,041
989
1,045
1,074
1,152
1,086
1,763
1,672
1,818
1,794
1,635
1,930
1,875
5,765
5,816
5,757
5,952
5,913
6,029
5,986
44,532 44,589 44,403 44,459 44,759 44,892 44,790
38,108 38,193 38,058 38,097 38,421 38,497 38,522
6,281
6,352
6,353
6,333
6,395
6,426
6,399

December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

A-48. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1989

1988

1990

1991

Sex and age

Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men,

16 years and over ....

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years

55 years and over

6,535

6,402

6,479

6,553

6,664

6,537

6,583

6,986

7,453

8,103

8,467

8,499

8,711

2,387
1,158
526
624
1,229
4,130
3,707
438

2,402
1,196
540
645
1,206
4,019
3,570
441

2,396
1,203
520
696
1,193
4,084
3,602
471

2,416
1,17;
535
642
1,244
4,127
3,660
473

2,432
1,203
540
658
1,229
4,206
3,731
493

2,301
1,134
494
627
1,167
4,261
3,736
512

2,324
1,119
521
611
1,205
4,267
3,793
462

2,388
1,149
491
662
1,240
4,588
4,085
513

2,475
1,193
513
677
1,282
4,942
4,434
531

2,669
1,289
533
744
1,380
5,468
4,873
571

2,766
1,303
557
759
1,463
5,707
5,080
616

2,780
1,276
569
709
1,504
5,699
5,110
615

2,860
1,290
582
708
1,570
5,810
5,237
602

3,587

3,498

3,452

3,506

3,630

3,560

3,626

3,871

4,198

4,626

4,864

4,933

4,910

1,296
635
296
332
661
2,279
2,019
275

1,316
687
301
383
629
2,201
1,924
270

1,286
658
304
361
628
2,163
1,882
272

1,307
611
293
319
696
2,182
1,896
289

1,364
674
306
364
690
2,253
1,968
302

1,249
613
253
357
636
2,336
2,015
310

1,280
608
279
337
671
2,345
2,050
289

1,284
636
269
367
648
2,569
2,247
326

1,374
659
281
375
715
2,803
2,483
343

1,522
705
307
394
817
3,141
2,756
363

1,571
733
299
442
838
3,286
2,886
393

1,585
706
305
400
879
3,324
2,945
394

1,560
691
292
396
869
3,326
2,994
360

2,948

2,904

3,028

3,047

3,034

2,977

2,957

3,116

3,256

3,477

3,603

3,566

3,802

1,091
523
230
292
568
1,852
1,689
163

1,086
509
239
262
577
1,818
1,647
171

1,110
546
216
335
565
1,922
1,720
198

1,109
561
242
323
548
1,944
1,764
184

1,068
529
234
294
539
1,954
1,763
191

1,052
520
241
270
531
1,925
1,721
202

1,044
511
242
274
533
1,922
1,743
173

1,104
513
222
295
591
2,019
1,838
188

1,101
534
233
302
567
2,139
1,951
188

1,148
584
225
350
564
2,327
2,117
208

1,195
570
258
317
624
2,421
2,193
223

1,195
570
265
310
625
2,375
2,165
221

1,299
599
290
312
701
2,485
2,243
242

N O T E : Data have been revised based on the experience through




December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

59

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-49. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1988

1990

1989

1991

Sex and age
IV
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
NOTE:

IV




IV

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.2

5.3

5.6

6.0

6.5

6.7

6.8

6.9

10.7
14.6
16.4
13.2
8.6
4.1
4.4
2.9

10.8
15.1
17.3
13.5
8.4
4.0
4.2
2.9

10.8
15.1
16.7
14.3
8.4
4.0
4.2
3.1

10.9
14.7
17.2
13.2
8.7
4.1
4.2
3.1

11.1
15.2
17.3
13.7
8.8
4.1
4.3
3.2

10.7
14.7
16.5
13.2
8.4
4.1
4.3
3.3

10.9
14.9
18.0
13.2
8.7
4.1
4.3
3.0

11.3
15.9
18.0
14.7
9.0
4.4
4.6
3.3

11.8
16.6
18.8
15.2
9.3
4.8
5.0
3.5

12.8
18.0
19.3
16.9
10.0
5.3
5.5
3.7

13.4
18.7
20.7
17.7
10.7
5.4
5.7
4.0

13.6
19.0
21.8
17.3
11.0
5.4
5.7
4.0

13.9
19.0
21.7
17.2
11.4
5.5
5.8
4.0

5.3

5.2

5.1

5.2

5.3

5.2

5.3

5.7

6.1

6.8

7.1

7.2

7.2

11.1
15.5
17.6
13.7
8.8
4.1
4.3
3.1

11.3
16.8
18.8
15.3
8.3
3.9
4.1
3.0

11.1
15.9
18.7
14.4
8.4
3.9
4.0
3.1

11.3
14.7
18.0
12.6
9.4
3.9
4.0
3.3

11.9
16.4
18.8
14.6
9.4
4.0
4.1
3.4

11.0
15.3
16.4
14.4
8.7
4.1
4.2
3.5

11.4
15.5
18.5
14.0
9.2
4.1
4.3
3.3

11.6
16.9
19.0
15.6
8.9
4.5
4.7
3.7

12.4
17.5
19.4
16.1
9.8
4.9
5.1
3.9

13.8
18.9
21.0
17.4
11.2
5.5
5.7
4.2

14.5
20.4
21.4
20.0
11.6
5.7
5.9
4.5

14.7
20.0
22.4
18.5
12.1
5.8
6.0
4.6

14.5
19.8
21.5
18.5
12.0
5.8
6.1
4.2

5.3

5.2

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.3

5.2

5.5

5.8

6.1

6.3

6.3

6.7

10.2
13.6
15.0
12.7
8.3
4.1
4.4
2.5

10.3
13.3
15.7
11.5
8.5
4.0
4.3
2.6

10.5
14.3
14.5
14.2
8.3
4.2
4.4
3.0

10.4
14.6
16.4
13.7
8.0
4.3
4.5
2.8

10.3
13.9
15.7
12.8
8.2
4.2
4.5
2.9

10.3
14.0
16.7
12.0
8.1
4.2
4.3
3.1

10.3
14.2
17.4
12.4
8.1
4.1
4.4
2.6

11.0
14.7
17.0
13.6
9.0
4.3
4.6
2.8

11.1
15.7
18.2
14.2
8.7
4.6
4.9
2.9

11.6
17.0
17.3
16.3
8.7
5.0
5.3
3.2

12.2
16.9
19.8
15.2
9.7
5.1
5.4
3.4

12.5
17.9
21.1
15.9
9.8
5.0
5.3
3.3

13.3
18.1
22.0
15.7
10.8
5.3
5.5
3.7

Data have been revised based on the experience through

60

IV

December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

A-50. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1988

1989

1990

1991

Category
IV

IV

IV

IV

CHARACTERISTIC
5.3
4.7
4.7
14.6

5.2
4.4
4.6
15.1

5.2
4.4
4.8
15.1

5.3
4.5
4.8
14.7

5.4
4.6
4.8
15.2

5.2
4.6
4.7
14.7

5.3
4.7
4.6
14.9

5.6
5.0
4.9
15.9

6.0
5.5
5.1
16.6

6.5
6.1
5.4
18.0

6.7
6.4
5.7
18.7

6.8
6.5
5.6
19.0

6.9
6.5
6.0
19.0

4.6
9.8
11.1
7.7

4.4
10.2
11.6
7.5

4.4
10.0
11.4
8.1

4.5
9.8
11.3
8.5

4.6
10.1
11.6
8.0

4.5
9.6
10.9
7.6

4.6
9.4
10.5
7.7

4.8
10.5
11.7
8.1

5.1
10.9
12.1
8.7

5.8
10.9
12.1
9.6

6.0
11.2
12.7
9.6

6.1
11.0
12.2
10.1

6.2
11.4
12.6
10.1

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

3.2
3.7
7.9

3.0
3.5
8.0

2.9
3.9
8.0

3.1
3.8
7.9

3.1
3.8
8.0

3.2
3.7
7.9

3.2
3.6
7.7

3.5
3.8
8.5

3.7
4.1
8.7

4.2
4.3
9.1

4.4
4.5
9.3

4.4
4.5
9.0

4.5
4.7
9.2

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

5.0
7.2
1.2
6.2

4.9
7.1
1.1
6.0

4.9
7.3
1.1
6.0

5.0
7.1
1.1
6.0

5.0
7.5
1.1
6.0

4.9
7.2
1.1
5.9

4.9
7.3
1.1
6.0

5.3
7.6
1.3
6.3

5.7
7.4
1.4
6.8

6.2
8.0
1.6
7.4

6.5
8.5
1.8
7.6

6.5
8.3
1.9
7.7

6.6
8.5
2.1
7.9

1.9
3.9
5.5
8.0
6.5

2.0
3.9
5.3
7.7
6.3

2.0
3.8
5.3
7.7
6.6

1.9
3.9
5.0
8.6
5.8

2.1
4.0
5.2
8.3
6.8

1.9
4.0
5.3
8.3
5.9

2.1
3.9
5.4
8.3
6.2

2.2
4.3
6.1
8.3
6.6

2.3
4.6
6.9
9.5
6.2

2.6
4.9
7.5
10.7
7.9

2.8
5.2
7.9
10.7
7.1

2.9
5.1
8.2
10.3
7.7

2.9
5.4
8.2
10.3
7.8

5.4
6.4
8.4
10.3
5.2
4.9
5.6
5.0
3.9
6.0
4.5
2.6
9.5

5.3
6.1
6.5
10.0
4.9
4.6
5.3
4.9
3.8
5.9
4.4
2.7
9.1

5.3
6.0
5.1
9.8
5.0
4.6
5.5
4.9
4.0
5.8
4.5
2.9
10.0

5.4
6.4
6.7
10.4
5.2
4.9
5.7
5.0
4.2
6.0
4.4
2.7
8.6

5.4
6.4
5.4
9.5
5.5
5.4
5.7
5.0
3.7
6.2
4.4
2.7
10.7

5.4
6.5
5.3
9.5
5.6
5.5
5.9
4.9
3.8
6.1
4.3
2.4
9.4

5.4
6.5
4.2
10.6
5.4
5.3
5.5
5.0
3.5
6.2
4.4
2.5
9.6

5.7
6.9
4.3
11.2
5.8
5.9
5.6
5.2
3.9
6.3
4.6
2.8
9.7

6.2
7.9
5.2
13.5
6.4
6.6
6.0
5.5
4.3
6.8
4.8
2.8
10.2

6.8
8.7
6.5
14.6
7.1
7.6
6.4
5.9
5.0
7.4
5.1
3.2
12.0

7.1
9.1
7.7
15.1
7.5
7.9
6.9
6.2
5.3
7.5
5.4
3.1
11.2

7.0
9.0
8.7
15.8
7.1
7.2
6.9
6.2
5.1
7.8
5.4
3.2
11.5

7.2
9.2
8.6
16.2
7.2
7.2
7.2
6.4
5.9
7.7
5.7
3.5
11.9

Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin

OCCUPATION3
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.
3
Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not available
2




because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle
and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with
sufficient precision.
NOTE: Data have been revised based on the experience through
December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

61

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-51. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1988

1990

1989

1991

Weeks of unemployment
IV

IV

IV

IV

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

3,057
1,955
L498
763
735

3,123
1,906
1,384
703
681

3,164
1,983
1,344
692
652

3,166
2,015
1,368
775
593

3,234
2,015
1,391
745
646

3,127
2,032
1,385
743
641

3,103
2,123
1,393
747
645

3,187
2,246
1,562
835
727

3,270
2,447
1,718
943
775

3,422
2,675
1,999
1,091
909

3,431
2,745
2,294
1,248
1,045

3,367
2,740
2,398
1,251
1,147

3,299
2,753
2,679
1,362
1,316

13.0
5.7

12.4
5.5

11.8
5.4

11.6
5.2

11.7
4.9

11.9
5.1

11.8
5.2

12.2
5.5

12.4
5.9

12.8
6.2

13.5
6.8

14.1
7.1

14.9
7.6

100.0
47.0
30.0
23.0
11.7
11.3

100.0
48.7
29.7
21.6
11.0
10.6

100.0
48.7
30.6
20.7
10.7
10.0

100.0
48.3
30.8
20.9
11.8
9.1

100.0
48.7
30.3
21.0
11.2
9.7

100.0
47.8
31.1
21.2
11.4
9.8

100.0
46.9
32.1
21.0
11.3
9.8

100.0
45.6
32.1
22.3
11.9
10.4

100.0
44.0
32.9
23.1
12.7
10.4

100.0
42.3
33.0
24.7
13.5
11.2

100.0
40.5
32.4
27.1
14.7
12.3

100.0
39.6
32.2
28.2
14.7
13.5

100.0
37.8
31.5
30.7
15.6
15.1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
NOTE:

Data have been revised based on the experience through

December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

A-52. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1988

1989

1991

1990

Reasons for unemployment
IV

IV

IV

IV

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,023
838
2,185
982
1,751
768

2,920
790
2,130
952
1,798
753

2,824
809
2,016
1,031
1,925
710

2,968
867
2,102
1,033
1,847
663

3,091
920
2,171
1,029
1,852
683

3,074
959
2,115
1,014
1,812
665

3,121
950
2,171
1,052
1,807
617

3,373
1,042
2,331
992
1,929
663

3,789
1,150
2,639
1,004
1,989
668

4,380
1,321
3,059
987
2,041
679

4,592
1,332
3,260
1,031
2,113
749

4,718
1,218
3,500
942
2,069
785

4,823
1,227
3,595
962
2,124
799

100.0
46.3
12.8
33.5
15.1
26.8
11.8

100.0
45.5
12.3
33.2
14.8
28.0
11.7

100.0
43.5
12.5
31.1
15.9
29.7
10.9

100.0
45.6
13.3
32.3
15.9
28.4
10.2

100.0
46.4
13.8
32.6
15.5
27.8
10.3

100.0
46.8
14.6
32.2
15.4
27.6
10.1

100.0
47.3
14.4
32.9
15.9
27.4
9.4

100.0
48.5
15.0
33.5
14.3
27.7
9.5

100.0
50.9
15.4
35.4
13.5
26.7
9.0

100.0
54.2
16.3
37.8
12.2
25.2
8.4

100.0
54.1
15.7
38.4
12.2
24.9
8.8

100.0
55.4
14.3
41.1
11.1
24.3
9.2

100.0
55.4
14.1
41.3
11.0
24.4
9.2

2.5
.8
1.4
.6

2.4
.8
1.5
.6

2.3
.8
1.6
.6

2.4
.8
1.5
.5

2.5
.8
1.5
.5

2.5
.8
1.5
.5

2.5
.8
1.4
.5

2.7
.8
1.5
.5

3.0
.8
1.6
.5

3.5
.8
1.6
.5

3.7
.8
1.7
.6

3.8
.8
1.7
.6

3.8
.8
1.7
.6

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
NOTE:

Data have been revised based on the experience through

62



December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-53.

Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and race, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)

1988

1989

1990

1991

Reason, sex, and race
IV

IV

IV

IV

TOTAL

Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now ...
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities....
Think cannot get a job .
Job-market factors
Personal factors
Other reasons1

62,812 62,512 62,476 62,566 62,609 62,743 62,998 63,448 63,783 64,093 64,047 64,712 64,949
57,434 57,245 57,207 57,023 57,443 57,300 57,502 58,112 58,254 58,321 58,679 58,833 59,157
6,322 6,397 6,362 6,401 6,265 6,436 6,601 6,859 6,740 6,665 6,829 6,914 6,814
4,663 4,592 4,754 4,685 4,723 4,689 5,009 5,094 5,086 4,956 4,869 5,031 5,128
24,582 24,502 24,167 23,953 23,889 23,962 23,388 23,513 23,639 23,181 23,388 23,188 22,942
17,209 17,164 17,432 17,709 18,198 18,172 18,444 18,521 18,571 19,034 19,130 19,385 19,575
4,658 4,590 4,492 4,274 4,367 4,041 4,059 4,125 4,218 4,484 4,463 4,315 4,698
5,401

5,334

5,332

5,433

5,133

5,460

5,617

5,312

5,515

5,665

5,551

5,797

5,932

1,402
782
1,128
938
577
361
1,151

1,305
880
1,188
882
577
305
1,079

1,282
947
1,165
851
522
330
1,086

1,411
885
1,167
814
514
300
1,156

1,247
905
1,230
809
551
258
942

1,422
898
1,177
776
503
273
1,187

1,441
945
1,280
861
533
328
1,090

1,368
863
1,237
827
521
306
1,017

1,400
948
1,127
956
598
358
1,084

1,431
997
1,194
982
647
335
1,061

1,381
903
1,165
952
698
254
1,150

1,485
1,008
1,172
1,064
699
366
1,068

1,412
1,010
1,300
1,094
732
362
1,117

Men

Total not in labor force .
Do not want a job now....
Want a job now
Reason not looking:

School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get a job .
Other reasons1

Women

21,092 20,920 20,842 20,986 21,009 21,161 21,312 21,585 21,548 21,916 21,928 22,205 22,480
19,043 19,071 18,963 18,913 19,140 19,242 19,331 19,658 19,547 19,705 19,990 20,092 20,334
2,018
725
375
444
475

1,948

1,917

1,977

1,786

1,985

2,041

1,923

1,949

2,101

2,030

2,155

2,204

638
410
428
472

637
462
398
420

707
468
338
465

610
431
371
374

719
438
335
492

703
506
359
473

698
427
386
412

651
458
391
449

739
527
407
428

654
441
425
511

711
507
470
466

755
511
438
500

Total not in labor force ..

41,720 41,592 41,634 41,582 41,599 41,581 41,687 41,863 42,235 42,177 42,120 42,507 42,469

Do not want a job now .

38,392 38,174 38,244 38,110 38,302 38,057 38,171 38,455 38,707 38,616 38,689 38,741 38,823

Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities ....
Think cannot get a job .
Other reasons
White
Total not in labor force .
Do not want a job now ....
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities....
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1
Black
Total not in labor force .
Do not want a job now .
Want a job now
Reason not looking:

School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities....
Think cannot get a job .
Other reasons1

3,383

3,386

3,415

3,456

3,348

3,475

3,576

3,389

3,566

3,564

3,521

3,642

3,728

678
407
1,128
494
677

667
470
1,188
455
607

645
486
1,165
453
666

705
417
1,167
476
691

637
474
1,230
438
568

703
460
1,177
441
695

738
439
1,280
502
617

670
436
1,237
440
605

749
490
1,127
565
635

692
470
1,194
575
633

727
462
1,165
527
640

774
500
1,172
594
602

657
499
1,300
656
617

53,276 52,988 52,956 53,076 52,965 52,911 53,096 53,285 53,622 53,750 53,723 54,248 54,321
49,324 49,327 49,130 49,238 49,256 49,084 49,056 49,323 49,650 49,590 49,964 50,078 50,041
3,885

3,818

3,792

3,770

3,679

3,978

3,993

3,890

3,901

4,129

3,826

4,279

4,301

945
554
824
648
914

892
654
808
585
879

904
666
821
528
873

953
594
793
522
908

861
639
898
533
748

971
654
851
553
949

973
679
926
618
796

965
661
913
570
780

892
737
819
618
836

1,019
714
899
648
849

928
627
829
621
821

1,080
782
870
736
811

991
775
912
748
875

7,476

7,466

7,547

7,522

7,612

7,680

7,737

7,905

7,898

7,983

8,005

8,078

8,226

6,178

6,125

6,302

5,998

6,316

6,372

6,446

6,699

6,453

6,668

6,590

6,799

6,842

1,257

1,322

1,323

1,220

1,397

1,294

1,459

1,341

1,349

327
259
294
228
149

368
246
289
202
217

401
220
281
195
226

330
179
315
207
189

425
188
284
274
225

324
236
276
271
188

378
240
281
318
241

394
211
245
270
222

336
219
330
267
196

1,262

1,332

1,283

1,584

364
205
268
219
206

342
219
338
259
175

309
232
279
307
156

440
291
355
259
239

1
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of
"home responsibilities."




NOTE: Data have been revised based on the experience through
December 1991. See the article in this issue for additional information.

63

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-54. Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Age

Total

Reason and sex

IV
1990

IV
1991

63,872

20 to 24
years

16 to 19
years

25 to 59
years

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

65,091

6,814

6,777

4,128

58,463

59,273

5,754

5,762

8,232
5,039
23,438
18,367
3,388

8,277
5,086
22,747
19,369
3,794

5,234
31

5,409

5,819

60 years
and over

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

4,309

20,686

21,264

32,244

32,742

3,373

3,437

17,725

18,041

31,611

32,033

5,236
24

1,938
85

1,996
93

299

284

1,060

1,041

1,034
2,665
11,187
425
2,414

1,031
2,839
11,030
451
2,690

26
2,258
10,892
17,942
493

14
2,132
10,392
18,918
577

190

219

290

307
2,961

3,223

633

709

1,015
821
17
41
84
43
42
51

755
254
74
202
111
88
23
115

872
256
75
274
126
80
46
140

269
657
783
599
416
183
651

297
697
868
693
531
162
648

3
200
39
174
73
101
218

8
220
64
198
87
112
220

TOTAL
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Job-market factors
Personal factors
Other reasons1

1,385
949
1,093
954
603
351
1,028

1,382
1,009
1,268
1,102
741
361
1,060

1,060
859
18
69
70
26
44
44

21,814

22,764

3,306

3,358

1,478

1,596

4,350

4,828

12,680

12,981

19,927

20,645

2,794

2,827

1,241

1,304

3,511

3,892

12,382

12,621

4,075
2,565
487
11,080
1,721

4,152
2,642
436
11,437
1,979

2,650
25

2,674
15

1,028
54
25

1,065
48
20

6

7
133

171

388
1,457
206
293
1,166

409
1,625
210
327
1,320

9
1,028
249
10,786
309

3
954
198
11,110
356

113

131
237

292

839

936

299

360

531
457
9
40
25

109
37
54
37

143
37
53
59

83
334
190
232

111
353
222
250

76
93
129

112
109
139

Men
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

1,887

2,119

625
459
378
425

712
511
424
472

512
433
11
41
27

42,058

42,327

3,508

3,419

2,650

2,712

16,336

16,436

19,564

19,761

38,536

38,628

2,960

2,935

2,132

2,132

14,215

14,149

19,229

19,412

4,157
2,473
22,951
7,287
1,666

4,125
2,445
22,312
7,932
1,815

2,584
6

2,561
9

910
30

931
45

293

277

1,035

1,021

646
1,208
10,981
132
1,248

622
1,213
10,820
124
1,370

18
1,229
10,643
7,155
184

11
1,178
10,194
7,808
222

77

88

157

136

3,522

3,699

2,122

2,287

335

349

548
426
7
69
29
17

483

518
145
37
202
57
77

580
113
38
274
74
82

Women
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons

760
490
1,093
576
603

670
497
1,267
678
587

1
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of
"home responsibilities."
NOTE: Detail in tables A-54 and A-55 may not add to not-in-labor-

64



186
186
3
8
323
344
123
108
363
783
888
39
64
8
409
81
471
89
41
419
89
399
81
45
26
force totals because of differences in the weighting patterns used in
aggregating these data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-55. Persons not in the labor force by reason, race, Hispanic origin, age, and sex
(In thousands)
Age

Total

Reason, race, and Hispanic origin

IV
1990

IV
1991

16 to 24
years
IV
1990

Sex

25 to 59
years

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

60 years
and over
IV
1990

Men

IV
1991

IV
1990

Women

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

WHITE

Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

53,722 54,488

8,193

8,194 16,777 17,190 28,752 29,104 18,150 18,860 35,573 35,628

49,918 50,312

7,029

6,922 14,638 14,850 28,251 28,540 16,768 17,338 33,149 32,973

6,354
6,222
3,866
3,944
20,529 19,802
16,474 17,375
2,696 2,967

5,530
77

5,419
92

1,091

1,053

331

Total not in labor force

358
1,273
739
68
197
125
143

3,783

14
789
22
2,186
1,779 1,667
9,384 9,908 9,365
395 16,086 16,980
2,096
513
456

3,143 3,147 3,210 3,075
1,976 2,078 1,889 1,866
372
314 20,157 19,489
9,967 10,265 6,506 7,111
1,309 1,534 1,387 1,433

2,119

4,186

801
2,009
9,530
388
1,909

2,317

530

596

1,346

1,531

2,437

2,656

173
485
593
378
490

193
518
636
482
488

164
39
136
192

3
175
47
173
197

398
364

482
391

251
332

288
369

441
356
794
391
455

454
370
881
492
459

839
720
794
642
787

935
762
881
781
828

1,134
ooo
71
163
129
105

7,889

8,214

2,145

2,234

2,902

3,026

2,842

2,954

2,872

3,049

5,016

5,165

Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity

6,464

6,852

1,537

1,713

2,176

2,289

2,751

2,850

2,425

2,566

4,039

4,286

1,261
1,045
2,114
1,519
525

1,439
1,016
2,130
1,602
664

1,167
31

1,330
18

213

213

90
576
1,108
29
374

109
577
1,096
47
459

4
438
793
1,490
26

421
820
1,555
54

623
518
91
876
317

668
501
104
931
363

637
527
2,023
643
20a

771
516
2,026
672
301

126

151

Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

1,425

1,362

726

737

91

104

447

483

978

879

521
271
21
107
77
45

77
144
180
182
142

83
161
209
159
125

3
31

186
73

179
104

34
24

4
43
17
23
16

106
82

120
81

278
121
287
155
136

179
121
333
139
106

BLACK
Total not in labor force

464
194
287
261
219

358
225
333
259
187

608
384
19
107
45
53

4,963

5,132

1,320

1,347

2,368

2,399

1,276

1,385

1,403

1,514

3,561

3,618

4,354

4,415

1,084

1,075

2,027

1,973

1,244

1,367

1,198

1,271

3,156

3,143

727
428
2,312
632
255

712
489
2,192
743
278

679
9

637
40

328

331

46
292
1,498
9
181

75
292
1,401
13
191

3
126
486
623
6

157
461
730
20

345
230
79
417
128

328
277
40
450
176

383
198
2,233
215
127

384
211
2,152
293
103

68

67

658

674

394

363

43

39

192

200

466

474

220
94
10
48
41
28

212
149
18
49
24
33

26
78
126
90
74

15
69
125
104
50

30

51
52

68
48

9
4

42
47

39
45

68
67
174
98
59

96
50
177
97
54

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

120
118
174
140
105

164
99
177
135
99

1
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of
"home responsibilities."
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not




sum to totals because data for the other races are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

65

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-56. Persons not in the labor force who desire work but think cannot get jobs by reason, sex, age, race, and Hispanic
origin
(in thousands)
4th Quarter 1991
Age

Reason and sex
Total

Race and Hispanic origin

16 to 19
years

20 to 24
years

25 to 59
years

60 years
and over

White

Black

Hispanic
origin

TOTAL
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap

124
157
80

14
20
8

29
17

15
98
49

95
10
6

107
109
53

10
28
24

7
19
7

Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available

456
284

26
16

48
33

341
190

42
45

304
207

131
67

85
17

64
38
21

10
3
4

14
1

5
14
17

49
7

53
21
17

13
3

187
114

16
6

17
21

133
54

20
33

118
79

65
33

34
3

60

Men
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available
Women
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap

119
59

4
17
4

14
17

11
84
32

46
3
6

54
88
36

5
15
20

6
19
7

Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available

171

10
10

31
12

207
137

21
12

186
128

65
34

51
14

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not

66



presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-57. Work-seeking intentions of persons not in the labor force and work history of those who intend to seek work within the
next 12 months by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
Total

Work-seeking intentions, work history, and sex

IV
1990

IV
1991

Age
16 to 24
years
IV
1990

IV
1991

Race

25 to 59
years
IV
1990

IV
1991

60 years
and over
IV
1990

IV
1991

White
IV
1990

IV
1991

Black
IV
1990

IV
1991

TOTAL
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during the previous 12 months ...

54,146 54,958
9,727 10,134
1,414 1,536
1,075 1,117
2,224 2,451
5,014 5,029

5,876
5,067
1,244
37
660
3,126

6,046 16,641 16,842 31,629 32,070 46,217 46,634
672 7,484 7,864
5,039 4,044 4,423
616
10
167
189
3
877 1,072
1,338
802
209
189
45
849
864
759
176 1,686 1,864
199
756 1,365 1,520
278 4,162 4,126
224
2,900 1,664 1,851

6,044
1,845
417
280
448
700

6,423
1,791
366
269
460
696

18,046 18,718
3,768 4,046
674
608
235
237
741
681
2,242 2,396

2,436
2,348
574
11
208
1,555

2,476
2,479
636
21
262
1,560

3,618 12,343 12,624 15,176 15,749
1,210
337
357 2,938 3,120
35
499
3
401
128
87
81
140
169
109
112
370
547
562
158 1,806 1,934
144
677

2,226
646
154
51
87
354

2,337
711
142
79
140
350

36,100 36,239
5,959 6,088
863
806
837
882
1,543 1,710
2,772 2,634

3,439
2,718
669
25
452
1,571

3,570 13,375 13,223 19,286 19,445 31,041 30,885
2,561 2,962 3,212
279
315 4,546 4,744
702
134
153
574
8
3
476
25
704
736
122
108
591
662
494 1,004 1,149
66 1,124 1,317
87
1,340 1,121 1,174
80
120 2,355 2,192

3,817
1,199
263
228
361
346

4,085
1,080
223
190
321
346

Men
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during the previous 12 months ...

3,267
1,083
33
145
361
543

Women
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during the previous 12 months ...




67

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-58. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Employment status, sex, and age

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

Hispanic origin

Black

White
IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

188,696
124,824
66.2
117,732
3,093
114,639
7,092
5.7
63,872

190,449
125,357
65.8
117,071
3,118
113,953
8,286
6.6
65,091

160,830
107,108
66.6
101,899
2,876
99,022
5,209
4.9
53,722

161,947
107,460
66.4
101,164
2,897
98,267
6,296
5.9
54,488

21,416
13,527
63.2
11,928
136
11,792
1,599
11.8
7,889

21,744
13,530
62.2
11,862
163
11,699
1,669
12.3
8,214

14,474
9,511
65.7
8,695
426
8,269
816
8.6
4,963

14,948
9,816
65.7
8,840
447
8,393
976
9.9
5,132

89,985
68,171
75.8
64,174
2,446
61,728
3,997
5.9
21,814

90,921
68,157
75.0
63,494
2,452
61,043
4,662
6.8
22,764

77,309
59,159
76.5
56,141
2,262
53,879
3,018
5.1
18,150

77,937
59,077
75.8
55,412
2,265
53,147
3,665
6.2
18,860

9,621
6,748
70.1
5,919
117
5,802
829
12.3
2,872

9,782
6,733
68.8
5,920
146
5,774
814
12.1
3,049

7,177
5,775
80.5
5,257
378
4,879
518
9.0
1,403

7,418
5,904
79.6
5,286
403
4,883
618
10.5
1,514

83,105
64,597
111
61,229
2,279
58,950
3,368
5.2
18,508

84,254
64,849
77.0
60,848
2,322
58,526
4,001
6.2
19,406

71,786
56,097
78.1
53,550
2,109
51,441
2,547
4.5
15,688

72,577
56,222
77.5
53,060
2,142
50,917
3,162
5.6
16,355

8,557
6,342
74.1
5,649
110
5,540
693
10.9
2,215

8,749
6,374
72.9
5,688
141
5,546
687
10.8
2,375

6,450
5,397
83.7
4,968
348
4,620
429
8.0
1,052

6,674
5,520
82.7
4,991
378
4,613
529
9.6
1,153

98,711
56,653
57.4
53,558
647
52,911
3,095
5.5
42,058

99,528
57,201
57.5
53,577
666
52,911
3,624
6.3
42,327

83,521
47,949
57.4
45,758
614
45,144
2,191
4.6
35,573

84,011
48,383
57.6
45,751
631
45,120
2,631
5.4
35,628

11,795
6,779
57.5
6,009
19
5,991
770
11.4
5,016

11,962
6,797
56.8
5,942
18
5,924
855
12.6
5,165

7,297
3,736
51.2
3,438
48
3,390
298
8.0
3,561

7,529
3,912
52.0
3,554
44
3,509
358
9.2
3,618

91,954
53,404
58.1
50,788
618
50,170
2,616
4.9
38,550

92,955
54,046
58.1
50,968
642
50,326
3,078
5.7
38,909

78,109
45,150
57.8
43,293
584
42,709
1,857
4.1
32,959

78,775
45,649
57.9
43,433
607
42,826
2,216
4.9
33,126

10,720
6,409
59.8
5,766
19
5,748
643
10.0
4,311

10,911
6,482
59.4
5,744
18
5,727
738
11.4
4,430

6,587
3,478
52.8
3,225
46
3,179
253
7.3
3,109

6,804
3,630
53.3
3,334
43
3,291
296
8.1
3,174

13,637
6,824
50.0
5,715
196
5,519
1,108
16.2
6,814

13,239
6,462
48.8
5,256
154
5,102
1,206
18.7
6,777

10,936
5,860
53.6
5,056
183
4,873
805
13.7
5,075

10,595
5,588
52.7
4,671
147
4,523
918
16.4
5,007

2,139
776
36.3
513
8
505
263
33.9
1,363

2,083
674
32.4
430
4
426
244
36.2
1,409

1,438
636
44.2
502
33
470
133
21.0
802

1,470
666
45.3
515
26
489
151
22.7
804

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

68



and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-59. Employment status of civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Total Hispanic origin1
Employment status, sex, and age

Mexican origin

Puerto Rican origin

Cuban origin

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

14,474
9,511
65.7
8,695
426
8,269
816
8.6
4,963

14,948
9,816
65.7
8,840
447
8,393
976
9.9
5,132

8,816
5,850
66.4
5,345
384
4,961
505
8.6
2,966

9,127
6,007
65.8
5,385
403
4,983
622
10.4
3,120

1,609
892
55.5
799
8
792
93
10.4
717

1,619
927
57.3
810
5
805
118
12.7
692

829
533
64.3
490
3
487
43
8.0
295

859
546
63.6
498
7
491
48
8.9
313

7,177
5,775
80.5
5,257
378
4,879
518
9.0
1,403

7,418
5,904
79.6
5,286
403
4,883
618
10.5
1,514

4,551
3,734
82.1
3,405
343
3,062
329
8.8
817

4,682
3,775
80.6
3,371
361
3,010
404
10.7
907

699
501
71.6
445
6
439
55
11.0
198

729
517
70.9
444
4
440
73
14.1
212

407
301
74.0
279
3
276
22
7.3
106

406
302
74.3
270
6
264
31
10.4
104

6,450
5,397
83.7
4,968
348
4,620
429
8.0
1,052

6,674
5,520
82.7
4,991
378
4,613
529
9.6
1,153

4,041
3,447
85.3
3,180
312
2,868
267
7.7
594

4,169
3,485
83.6
3,146
337
2,809
339
9.7
684

638
480
75.3
434
6
428
46
9.5
158

664
491
73.9
429
4
425
61
12.5
174

388
292
75.4
272
3
269
20
6.8
95

378
289
76.4
261
6
254
28
9.8
89

7,297
3,736
51.2
3,438
48
3,390
298
8.0
3,561

7,529
3,912
52.0
3,554
44
3,509
358
9.2
3,618

4,265
2,116
49.6
1,940
41
1,899
176
8.3
2,149

4,446
2,232
50.2
2,015
42
1,973
218
9.7
2,213

910
392
43.0
354
1
352
38
9.6
518

890
410
46.1
365
1
365
45
10.9
480

422
232
55.0
211

453
244
53.9
227

211
21
9.0
190

227
17
6.9
208

6,587
3,478
52.8
3,225
46
3,179
253
7.3
3,109

6,804
3,630
53.3
3,334
43
3,291
296
8.1
3,174

3,789
1,943
51.3
1,800
39
1,761
143
7.4
1,846

3,945
2,039
51.7
1,864
40
1,824
175
8.6
1,906

826
362
43.8
332
1
330
30
8.4
464

808
382
47.3
345
1
345
36
9.5
426

399
220
55.2
201

433
236
54.5
220

201
19
8.7
178

220
16
6.7
197

1,438
636
44.2
502
33
470
133
21.0
802

1,470
666
45.3
515
26
489
151
22.7
804

985
459
46.6
365
33
332
95
20.6
526

1,014
483
47.6
376
26
350
107
22.2
531

145
50
34.3
33

147
55
37.1
35

42
21

48
21

17

17

33
17
()
95

35
20

17
4

17
4

92

22

27

IV
1990

IV
1991

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
1

Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.




2

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.

69

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-60. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)
White

Total
Category

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

Black

IV
1991

Hispanic origin

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

11,928
5,919
6,009

11,862
5,920
5,942

8,695
5,257
3,438

8,840
5,286
3,554

CHARACTERISTIC
117,732 117,071 101,899 101,164
64,174 63,494 56,141 55,412
53,558 53,577 45,758 45,751

Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

30,853
14,737
16,116

31,482
15,057
16,426

27,804
13,417
14,387

28,370
13,713
14,657

1,948
868
1,080

1,956
876
1,079

1,125
580
545

1,158
575
583

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

36,520
3,818
14,141
18,561

35,986
3,774
14,003
18,209

31,991
3,294
12,807
15,889

31,382
3,261
12,542
15,579

3,390
356
903
2,131

3,361
321
955
2,085

2,059
151
717
1,191

2,127
164
791
1,172

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

15,788
790
1,950
13,049

16,005
762
1,988
13,255

12,425
570
1,580
10,274

12,641
585
1,617
10,439

2,728
195
327
2,206

2,689
142
328
2,218

1,789
167
118
1,504

1,804
152
124
1,529

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,518
4,455
5,100
3,962

13,088
4,447
4,661
3,979

12,120
3,985
4,657
3,479

11,714
3,985
4,231
3,498

1,026
358
338
331

1,058
371
345
343

1,138
295
439
404

1,146
316
414
415

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,854
8,069
4,998
4,787
705
4,081

17,286
7,727
4,981
4,578
703
3,875

14,614
6,586
4,119
3,909
590
3,319

14,107
6,208
4,126
3,774
597
3,177

2,655
1,152
770
733
91
642

2,590
1,175
750
665
90
575

2,133
1,074
444
614
118
497

2,113
1,017
443
653
127
527

3,198

3,225

2,945

2,949

181

209

450

491

1,631
1,367
95

1,603
1,414
101

1,465
1,322
90

1,436
1,360
102

110
23
3

128
36

361
63
1

393
53
1

105,460 104,736
17,955 18,226
87,505 86,510
971
1,008
86,497 85,539
8,946
8,996
233
221

90,632
14,696
75,935
737
75,198
8,180
211

89,887
14,911
74,976
734
74,242
8,197
183

11,331
2,637
8,694
243
8,451
459
3

11,253
2,664
8,589
196
8,394
441
5

7,787
1,009
6,778
187
6,591
468
14

7,937
1,074
6,863
181
6,682
445
10

93,919
6,150
17,002

82,198
4,358
15,342

80,968
4,997
15,199

9,882
776
1,271

9,725
934
1,202

7,143
677
876

7,164
779
898

Farming, forestry, and fishing
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS1
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons
1
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work full or part time.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not

70




95,298
5,302
17,132

sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-61. Employed civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and economic categories
(In thousands)
Total Hispanic
origin1

Mexican origin

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

8,695
5,257
3,438

8,840
5,286
3,554

5,345
3,405
1,940

5,385
3,371
2,015

799
445
354

810
444
365

490
279
211

498
270
227

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

1,125
580
545

1,158
575
583

554
281
273

559
283
277

124
61
64

136
67
70

102
49
52

123
67
55

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

2,059
151
717
1,191

2,127
164
791
1,172

1,134
76
397

1,167
98
431
638

245
22
75
148

240
14
71
155

173
8

174
15
65
94

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,789
167
118
1,504

1,804
152
124
1,529

1,043
82

142
1
19
121

143
2
30
111

71
1

62
900

1,066
73
76
917

14
56

65
3
6
56

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

1,138
295
439
404

1,146
316
414
415

746
170
319
258

755
202
280
273

100
33
21
46

92
28
27
37

57
11
21
25

58
13
25
20

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

2,133
1,074
444
614
118
497

2,113
1,017
443
653
127
527

1,466
756
288
422
95
327

1,418
665
290
462
103
359

175
80
51
44
2
42

190

81
37
20
24
1
23

63
27
16
20
2
18

450

491

401

420

13

361
63

393
53
1

332
51

355
47
1

7,787
1,009
6,778
187
6,591
468
14

7,937
1,074
6,863
181
6,682

4,709
605
4,104
96
4,008

4,763
662
4,101

445
10

241
10

218
2

7,143
677
876

7,164
779
898

4,347
474
524

4,285
558
543

Puerto Rican
origin

Cuban origin

Category
IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women
OCCUPATION

Farming, forestry, and fishing

661

101
41
48
4
45

68
96

14

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1

1

99
4,002

759
136
624
3
621
32

617
34

445
57
388
1
387
42

446
47
399
3
396
44
2

685
36
89

423
15
52

409
28
60

770
152
619
2

FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS2
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons
1
Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.




683
32
85

2
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work full or part time.

71

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-62. Employed civilians by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)
White

Total
Sex and age

Black

Hispanic origin

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

IV
1991

117,732

117,071

101,899

101,164

11,928

11,862

8,695

8,840

5,256
1,981
3,275
12,108
99,707
85,064
14,642

5,056
1,876
3,179
10,729
86,114
72,853
13,262

4,671
1,820
2,850
10,424
86,069
73,099
12,970

513
165
347
1,311
10,105
8,789
1,316

430
107
323
1,263
10,169
8,916
1,253

502
146
357
1,331
6,862
6,174
688

515
136
378
1,324
7,001
6,305
696

64,174

63,494

56,141

55,412

5,919

5,920

5,257

5,286

2,647
967
1,680
6,321
54,526
46,256
8,270

2,592
952
1,639
5,592
47,957
40,326
7,631

2,353
887
1,466
5,439
47,620
40,227
7,394

270
86
184
680
4,969
4,294
676

232
63
170
657
5,031
4,384
646

289
85
203
842
4,126
3,717
409

295
12
223
832
4,159
3,752
407

53,558

53,577

45,758

45,751

6,009

5,942

3,438

3,554

2,771
1,029
1,741
5,974
44,814
38,363
6,450

Men, 16 years and over

IV
1990

2,945
1,066
1,879
6,477
54,752
46,234
8,518

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

IV
1991

5,715
2,095
3,620
12,451
99,566
84,598
14,968

Total, 16 years and over....

IV
1990

2,609
1,014
1,595
5,787
45,181
38,808
6,373

2,464
924
1,540
5,136
38,157
32,526
5,631

2,318
933
1,385
4,985
38,449
32,872
5,576

243
79
164
631
5,136
4,495
640

198
44
153
606
5,139
4,532
607

213
60
153
489
2,736
2,457
279

220
64
155
492
2,842
2,553
289

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

A-63. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Civilian workers)

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

72




Black

White

Total
Sex and age

Hispanic origin

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

5.7

6.6

4.9

5.9

11.8

12.3

8.6

9.9

16.2
18.6
14.8
8.8
4.6
4.8
3.3

18.7
21.7
16.7
10.8
5.3
5.6
3.8

13.7
16.2
12.2
7.1
4.0
4.2
3.2

16.4
19.0
14.7
8.9
4.8
5.0
3.7

33.9
39.1
31.1
20.5
9.0
9.6
4.8

36.2
48.6
30.7
23.0
9.3
10.0
4.2

21.0
31.0
16.0
9.7
7.3
7.5
5.6

22.7
32.5
18.4
11.7
8.5
8.7
6.5

5.9

6.8

5.1

6.2

12.3

12.1

9.0

10.5

17.6
20.2
16.0
9.3
4.7
4.9
3.8

20.0
22.5
18.4
11.3
5.5
5.8
4.1

15.4
18.1
13.7
7.8
4.2
4.3
3.6

17.6
19.7
16.2
9.8
5.1
5.3
4.0

33.6
38.7
30.9
20.3
9.5
10.0
5.8

35.3
44.5
31.1
21.5
9.2
9.8
4.2

23.4
33.2
18.4
9.6
7.6
7.7
6.8

23.1
34.1
18.7
12.3
9.0
9.1
8.1

5.5

6.3

4.6

5.4

11.4

12.6

8.0

9.2

14.7
16.8
13.5
8.2
4.4
4.7
2.7

17.3
20.8
14.9
10.2
5.1
5.3
3.5

11.9
14.1
10.6
6.3
3.8
4.0
2.6

15.2
18.3
13.0
7.9
4.4
4.6
3.3

34.4
39.7
31.4
20.7
8.5
9.2
3.6

37.2
53.4
30.2
24.6
9.5
10.2
4.1

17.3
27.5
12.5
9.9
6.8
7.1
3.7

22.2
30.6
18.1
10.6
7.7
8.1
4.2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-64. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
White

Total
Weeks of unemployment

Hispanic origin

Black

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

7,092
3,152
2,366
1,574
847
727

8,286
3,178
2,655
2,453
1,217
1,236

5,209
2,377
1,714
1,119
615
503

6,296
2,443
2,015
1,838
896
942

1,599
646
555
398
200
198

1,669
617
533
519
262
257

816
402
257
157
96
61

976
417
331
228
118
110

12.3
5.6

14.8
7.3

11.9
5.4

14.7
7.1

13.6
6.6

15.6
8.1

10.4
4.7

12.6
6.4

100.0
44.4
33.4
22.2
11.9
10.3

100.0
38.4
32.0
29.6
14.7
14.9

100.0
45.6
32.9
21.5
11.8
9.7

100.0
38.8
32.0
29.2
14.2
15.0

100.0
40.4
34.7
24.9
12.5
12.4

100.0
37.0
31.9
31.1
15.7
15.4

100.0
49.2
31.5
19.3
11.8
7.5

100.0
42.7
33.9
23.4
12.1
11.3

IV
1990

IV
1991

DURATION
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-65. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
White

Total
Reasons for unemployment

Hispanic origin

Black

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

7,092
3,603
1,059
2,544
996
1,908
585

8,286
4,572
1,120
3,453
959
2,038
716

5,209
2,712
871
1,841
780
1,349
369

6,296
3,554
941
2,613
791
1,477
474

1,599
767
154
613
175
472
185

1,669
875
155
720
141
461
192

816
437
97
341
109
169
100

976
588
123
465
95
186
108

100.0
50.8
14.9
35.9
14.0
26.9
8.2

100.0
55.2
13.5
41.7
11.6
24.6
8.6

100.0
52.1
16.7
35.3
15.0
25.9
7.1

100.0
56.5
14.9
41.5
12.6
23.5
7.5

100.0
48.0
9.6
38.3
10.9
29.5
11.6

100.0
52.4
9.3
43.1
8.4
27.6
11.5

100.0
53.6
11.8
41.7
13.4
20.7
12.3

100.0
60.2
12.6
47.6
9.7
19.0
11.1

2.9
.8
1.5
.5

3.6
.8
1.6
.6

2.5
.7
1.3
.3

3.3
.7
1.4
.4

5.7
1.3
3.5
1.4

6.5
1.0
3.4
1.4

4.6
11
.
1.8
11
.

6.0
1.0
1.9
11
.

IV
1990

IV
1991

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total, 16 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented




and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

73

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-66. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Total

Unemployed

Employed

Veteran status and age

IV
1990

IV
1991

Percent of
labor force

Number

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
7,693
6,499
1,318
3,232
1,949
1,194

7,817
6,407
1,072
2,955
2,380
1,410

7,003
6,147
1,231
3,073
1,843
856

7,052
5,999
989
2,772
2,238
1,053

6,670
5,850
1,148
2,944
1,758
820

6,714
5,700
921
2,626
2,153
1,013

333
298
84
129
85
36

339
299
68
146
84
40

4.8
4.8
6.8
4.2
4.6
4.2

4.8
5.0
6.9
5.3
3.8
3.8

17,767
8,140
5,424
4,203

Total, 35 years and over
35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 years and over

18,794
8,560
5,933
4,300

16,699
7,755
5,064
3,880

17,549
8,077
5,541
3,932

15,981
7,403
4,874
3,703

16,648
7,628
5,280
3,740

718
351
189
177

900
448
260
192

4.3
4.5
3.7
4.6

5.1
5.5
4.7
4.9

NONVETERANS
Total, 35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data

are limited to those 35 to 49 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

A-67. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Veterans
Employment status and age

White
1990

Black

1991

IV
1990

Nonveterans
Hispanic origin

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

White
IV
1990

IV
1991

Black

Hispanic origin

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

1,602 1,713
1,460 1,557
1,332 1,411
128
146
9.4
8.7

IV
1991

Total, 35 to 49 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,787 5,694
5,522 5,381
5,275 5,127
254
247
4.7
4.5

599
522
480
42
8.1

606
523
484
39
7.5

249
233
221
13
5.4

266 15,171 16,063
246 14,401 15,138
239 13,857 14,405
733
544
7
2.8
4.8
3.8

1,762
1,553
1,415
138
8.9

1,897
1,654
1,522
132
8.0

899
844
789
55
6.5

180
150
127
23
15.1

153
127
115
12
9.5

62
59
54
5

42 7,014 7,386
40 6,734 7,027
38 6,458 6,659
1
367
276
4.1
5.2
O

779
709
647
63
8.9

833
742
674
68
9.1

738
685
625
60
8.7

773
710
645
65
9.2

2,909 2,643
2,785 2,498
2,674 2,374
124
111
4.0
5.0

269
236
222
14
6.1

269
237
217
20
8.5

119
109
104
5
4.6

151 4,614
135 4,355
130 4,217
138
5
3.2
3.5

5,077
4,774
4,567
208
4.4

548
467
426
41
8.8

588
517
480
36
7.0

503
460
424
36
7.8

576
515
464
50
9.8

1,757 2,152
1,669 2,039
1,593 1,964
75
76
3.7
4.6

150
135
131
5
3.6

184
160
153
7
4.3

68
66
63
3
4.2

73 3,542 3,600
71 3,311 3,337
70 3,182 3,179
1
158
130
1.2
4.7
3.9

435
377
343
34
9.1

476
395
368
28
7.0

360
315
283
32
10.1

364
332
302
30
9.0

35 to 39 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1,121
1,068
1,008
60
5.6

O

40 to 44 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
45 to 49 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men
who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data are limited
to those 35 to 49 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds

74




to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population. Detail for the above
race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for
the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in
both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-68. Unemployment in families by type of family, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family
members
(Numbers in thousands)
IV
1991

IV
1990
With unemployment:

With unemployment:
Percent of families:

Percent of families:
Type of family, race, and Hispanic origin
Total
families

Total

With at
Total
With no With at
least one families
employed least one
person in
person employed
family
person in
in
employed
family
family
full time

Total

With at
With no With at
least one
employed least one
person in
person employed
family
person in
in
employed
family
family
full time

TOTAL
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of

age .
age .
age .
age .

65,742
31,879
51,495
23,879
11,339
6,795
2,908
1,205

5,164
2,902
3,462
1,976
1,389
804
313
122

28.8
33.8
17.8
18.1
52.8
66.8
44.1
71.3

71.2
66.2
82.2
81.9
47.2
33.2
55.9
28.7

63.0
58.6
73.5
73.3
39.5
27.3
50.8
25.4

66,302
32,176
51,595
23,850
11,699
7,072
3,009
1,254

5,932
3,316
4,069
2,315
1,461
840
402
161

29.4
34.7
18.8
19.7
54.6
69.4
45.3
69.6

70.6
65.3
81.2
80.3
45.4
30.6
54.7
30.4

62.7
58.1
72.8
71.7
38.1
26.0
48.8
29.2

56,211
26,405
46,359
21,064
7,558
4,391
2,294
949

3,828
2,126
2,864
1,614
740
421
223
91

25.3
28.7
18.0
18.3
47.4
60.1
45.5
68.1

74.7
71.3
82.0
81.7
52.6
39.9
54.5
31.9

66.4
63.2
73.4
73.0
44.3
32.8
49.1
28.6

56,599
26,595
46,380
21,054
7,863
4,564
2,356
978

4,543
2,506
3,426
1,938
810
442
307
126

26.3
30.0
19.2
19.7
49.5
64.0
44.6
69.0

73.7
70.0
80.8
80.3
50.5
36.0
55.4
31.0

65.5
62.1
72.3
71.4
42.6
30.8
50.2
30.2

7,417
4,231
3,517
1,834
3,416
2,198
483
198

1,127
654
446
265
609
366
72
23

41.0
50.8
15.5
15.1
59.9
74.6
38.9

59.0
49.2
84.5
84.9
40.1
25.4
61.1

51.3
43.0
75.1
75.8
33.2
21.0
56.9

59.0
49.2
85.6
83.6
37.6
24.1
51.2

52.4
44.2
78.5
76.9
32.0
20.3
41.2

O

1,158
681
493
286
585
365
81
30

41.0
50.8
14.4
16.4
62.4
75.9
48.7

O

7,507
4,321
3,521
1,796
3,461
2,298
526
226

O

O

4,879
3,122
3,367
2,193
1,170
804
342
126

593
391
401
288
141
87
51
15

28.2
30.7
21.2
21.9
41.8
51.7

71.8
69.3
78.8
78.1
58.2
48.3

63.6
61.1
70.1
69.8
49.6
37.9

0
0

O
O

O
O

5,064
3,237
3,367
2,202
1,273
857
424
177

734
482
510
365
145
90
80
28

29.1
34.9
24.1
26.1
45.5
64.4
31.3

70.9
65.1
75.9
73.9
54.5
35.6
68.8

65.7
60.8
70.8
69.0
49.7
32.2
62.5

O

O

O

White
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of

age .
age .
age .
age .

Black
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of

age .
age .
age .
age .

Hispanic origin
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of
1

age .
age .
age .
age .

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not




sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

75

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-69. Unemployed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family
members
(Numbers in thousands)
IV
1990

IV
1991
Percent of unemployed:

Percent of unemployed:
Family relationship, race, and Hispanic origin
Total

With no
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time

Total

With no
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time

TOTAL
1

Total unemployed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

5,686
1,376
817
1,158
736
1,243

30.2
33.4
38.0
15.0
13.8
9.8

69.8
66.6
62.0
85.0
86.2
90.2

61.7
51.7
46.1
79.7
81.3
85.4

6,566
1,640
990
1,315
815
1,549

31.0
33.3
39.0
17.1
16.0
10.8

69.0
66.7
61.0
82.9
84.0
89.2

61.0
53.8
46.3
76.7
78.2
83.3

597
483
964
148
87
201

82.8
94.0
32.4
69.3
90.6
27.2

17.2
6.0
67.6
30.7
9.4
72.8

10.2
2.6
59.7
26.5
6.1
67.6

651
549
975
207
117
229

85.3
93.3
34.5
65.9
90.9
28.7

14.7
6.7
65.5
34.1
9.1
71.3

10.8
4.2
55.7
27.3
7.3
66.4

4,145
1,149
660
976
610
969

26.9
34.3
39.6
14.1
12.9
9.8

73.1
65.7
60.4
85.9
87.1
90.2

64.8
50.1
43.4
81.5
83.3
86.1

4,967
1,413
840
1,114
682
1,222

28.0
34.1
39.7
16.9
15.0
10.6

72.0
65.9
60.3
83.1
85.0
89.4

63.9
52.5
44.9
77.0
79.3
84.0

303
234
499
110
67
140

76.2
91.1
28.9
70.5
89.1
27.1

23.8
8.9
71.1
29.5
10.9
72.9

15.7
3.8
62.4
24.1
7.2
68.3

343
274
544
163
92
168

79.7
90.4
31.4
65.5
90.5
23.2

20.3
9.6
68.6
34.5
9.5
76.8

15.1
6.2
59.9
28.5
7.8
72.4

1,315
171
114
121
86
221

40.2
27.4
29.4
16.4
14.1
9.2

59.8
72.6
70.6
83.6
85.9
90.8

52.5
61.4
59.5
75.5
75.8
82.9

1,335
160
106
161
107
261

41.5
24.8
30.7
17.1
20.0
10.0

58.5
75.2
69.3
82.9
80.0
90.0

51.6
65.7
58.4
77.7
74.8
82.5

279
239
443
30
14
49

90.0
96.6
36.2

10.0
3.4
63.8

4.8
1.5
56.7

279
250
389
38
22
48

93.1
97.4
39.7

6.9
2.6
60.3

5.4
1.5
50.7

656
179
134
118
87
149

29.3
41.3
45.5
16.5
18.2
8.2

70.7
58.7
54.5
83.5
81.8
91.8

62.4
47.3
42.3
78.2
77.3
83.6

808
228
172
145
106
183

30.5
43.0
48.4
20.8
20.3
9.3

69.5
57.0
51.6
79.2
79.7
90.7

64.1
48.9
42.1
74.4
75.5
87.3

52
39
99
27
12
33

24.8

23.2

74.9

67.5

63
53
98
40
18
51

75.2

25.1

27.0

73.0

67.0

White
Total unemployed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men
Black
Total unemployed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men
Hispanic origin
Total unemployed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ....

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families where the
husband, wife or, other person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and
persons in unrelated subfamilies. Estimates for husbands, wives, and women who
maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates shown in other
tables in this publication because of differences in definitions and weighting patterns

76




used in aggregating the data.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-70. Employed civilians by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family members
(Numbers in thousands)
IV
1991

IV
1990
Percent of employed:
Family relationship, race, and Hispanic origin
Total

With no
other
employed
person in
family

With
another
employed
person in
family

Percent of employed:

With
another
person in
family
employed
full time

Total

With no
other
employed
person in
family

With
another
employed
person in
family

With
another
person in
family
employed
full time

TOTAL
1

Total employed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

67.1
54.6
49.0
86.7
91.7
88.9

93,263
38,280
21,728
29,242
15,515
10,906

22.9
27.7

9.3
5.5
7.2

77.6
72.0
69.6
90.7
94.5
92.8

6,421
4,150
4,805
2,131
1,001
1,567

63.9
81.4
24.5
56.0
84.9
15.2

36.1
18.6
75.5
44.0
15.1
84.8

24.8
9.3
65.9
33.9
7.4

81,789
34,995
19,597
26,036
13,563
9,744

21.7

4,527
2,929
3,470
1,728
809
1,289

94,035
38,798
21,997
29,164
15,445
11,148

22.4
28.0
30.4

29.8
10.0
6.0
7.4

77.1
72.3
70.2
90.0
94.0
92.6

66.4
54.5
49.2
85.6
90.9
88.5

79.3

6,553
4,235
4,689
2,075
1,005
1,518

65.1
82.2
25.3
58.7
85.3
20.0

34.9
17.8
74.7
41.3
14.7
80.0

23.0
8.0
65.8
31.3
7.8
72.8

67.4
53.4
47.1
87.2
92.5
89.1

80,999
34,455
19,330
26,106
13,632
9,550

22.0
28.0
30.4

7.1

78.3
71.6
68.9
91.2
95.1
92.9

9.7
5.5
7.2

78.0
72.0
69.6
90.3
94.5
92.8

66.8
53.5
47.6
86.0
91.5
88.8

62.6
81.1
24.4
54.1
84.4
14.2

37.4
18.9
75.6
45.9
15.6
85.8

24.9
8.3
65.2
35.1
7.0
80.2

4,639
2,961
3,422
1,635
784
1,193

62.9
80.8
25.4
58.1
85.6
19.8

37.1
19.2
74.6
41.9
14.4
80.2

24.1
7.9
65.8

9,018
2,543
1,576
2,172
1,296
953

29.7
22.2
21.4
14.6
10.9
7.5

70.3
77.8
78.6
85.4
89.1
92.5

63.1
68.0
68.8
80.8
85.5
87.9

8,900
2,511
1,549
2,100
1,263
881

30.8
22.0
20.1
14.6
9.8
10.8

69.2
78.0
79.9
85.4
90.2
89.2

61.3
67.2
68.0
80.6
85.3
85.2

1,697
1,111
1,148
314
151

30.9
17.1
74.1
32.8
10.7
75.3

22.7
10.7
66.3
26.7
7.5
70.2

1,710
1,166

191

69.1
82.9
25.9
67.2
89.3
24.7

1,122
343
179
233

71.6
85.4
25.3
63.4
84.1
25.1

28.4
14.6
74.7
36.6
15.9
74.9

19.6
8.2
65.5
29.4
13.5
67.1

7,027
2,671
1,919
1,643
1,097
1,112

25.3
36.0
40.2
10.1
8.4
7.5

74.7
64.0
59.8
89.9
91.6
92.5

67.0
52.3
47.5
86.6
88.7
88.4

7,064
2,593
1,873
1,655
1,093
1,095

25.3
34.2
37.3
10.6
9.2
6.7

74.7
65.8
62.7
89.4
90.8
93.3

66.0
52.6
48.6
84.4
86.5
89.2

549
377
519
264
97
269

59.4
74.3
21.3
44.0
76.1
4.3

40.6
25.7
78.7
56.0
23.9
95.7

29.1
14.3
70.4
50.6
19.9
91.4

602
394
541
303
127
275

59.8
75.0
19.3
51.1
77.1
11.5

40.2
25.0
80.7
48.9
22.9
88.5

30.6
17.4
74.5
40.5
14.8
77.8

White
Total employed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

28.4
31.1
8.8

4.9

31.2
6.5
73.0

Black
Total employed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men
Hispanic origin
Total employed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ....

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families where the
husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and
persons in unrelated subfamilies. Estimates for husbands, wives, and women who
maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates shown in other
tables in this publication because of differences in definitions and weighting patterns




used in aggregating the data.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

77

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-71.

Median weekly earnings of families by type of family, number of earners, race, and Hispanic origin

(Numbers in thousands)
Type of family, number of
earners, race, and
Hispanic origin

Number of families

Median weekly earnings

IV
1990

IV
1991

43,842
34,355
12,259
8,899
2,583
111
22,096
19,720
1,643
537
195
7,299
5,013
3,913
1,100
2,287
2,187
1,315
872

43,975
34,255
12,251
8,652
2,793
806
22,004
19,707
1,563
584
150
7,544
5,153
4,082
1,070
2,391
2,176
1,371
805

$657
736
457
523
269
288
882
902
818
543
617
360
288
300
245
600
518
403
792

$676
763
465
557
284
282
917
940
816
582
524
382
303
314
272
610
507
388
711

37,447
30,562
10,934
8,113
2,168
19,628
17,538
5,143
1,743

37,366
30,308
10,864
7,825
2,368
19,444
17,458
5,339
1,718

684
748
473
538
269
894
911
381
542

705
111
481
575
284
930
952
400
519

4,961
2,662
874
471
340
1,788
1,604
1,946
353

5,115
2,755
892
455
340
1,862
1,651
1,993
367

468
616
308
355
254
766
787
309
434

482
633
311
378
287
790
816
327
380

3,653
2,651
1,054
820
159
1,596
1,202
684
318

3,655
2,550
1,055
797
183
1,495
1,147
754
351

491
549
317
343
222
126
742
309
446

479
526
310
323
258
722
755
361
426

IV
1990

IV
1991

TOTAL
1

Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Other family member
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Husband and other family member(s)
Wife and other family member(s)
Other family members only
Families maintained by women
One earner
Householder
Other family member
Two or more earners
Families maintained by men
One earner
Two or more earners
White
Total families with earners1
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women
Families maintained by men
Black
1

Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women
Families maintained by men
Hispanic origin
1

Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women
Families maintained by men
1
Data exclude families in which there is no wage or salary earner or
in which the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is
either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.

78




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-72. Families with unemployed members and wage and salary workers by type of family and median weekly
earnings
(Numbers in thousands)
Type of family and relationship
of unemployed members to wage
and salary earners

Number of families

Median weekly earnings

IV
1990

IV
1991

2,498

3,052

$489

$491

Husband unemployed
Wife only earner
Wife and other earner(s)
Other earner(s) only

858
652
132
74

1,095

315
289
501

340
314
515

Wife unemployed
Husband only earner
Husband and other earner(s)....
Other eamer(s) only

677
677
152
16

806
140
30

433
433
868

456
456
738

Other member(s) unemployed ...
Husband or wife earner
Both husband and wife earners
Other combinations of earners .

794
306
441
47

981
404
552
24

710
526
841

728
555
873

Families maintained by women1 ..
Householder unemployed
Other member(s) unemployed ..

644
108
536

603
98
504

311
195
337

359
(2)
384

Families maintained by men1

152

199

374

331

Married-couple families1

1
Data exclude families in which there is no wage or salary earner or
in which the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is




811

192
92
806

IV
1990

IV
1991

either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 100,000.

79

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-73.

Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Characteristic

Median weekly earnings
IV
1990

IV
1990

IV
1991

Total, 16 years and over

84,091

82,904

$422

$436

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over

48,468
5,778
42,690

47,508
5,150
42,359

490
287
516

503
289
534

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over

35,623
4,610
31,013

35,395
4,078
31,317

355
260
377

373
274
389

31,279
18,737
4,907
1,767

31,132
18,935
5,056
1,660

538
370
344
464

574
383
367
422

6,093
4,196
9,329
7,783

5,666
3,823
9,051
7,581

306
280
448
380

301
293
449
398

White
Men
Women

71,841
42,050
29,792

70,714
41,128
29,586

438
502
363

455
517
379

Black
Men
Women

9,460
4,877
4,583

9,416
4,818
4,598

341
370
313

352
375
327

Hispanic origin
Men
Women

6,787
4,341
2,447

6,832
4,310
2,522

313
331
283

310
320
290

IV
1991

SEX AND AGE

FAMILY RELATIONSHIP
Husbands
Wives
Women who maintain families
Men who maintain families
Other persons in families:
Men
Women
All other men1
All other women1
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX

1
The majority of these persons are living alone or with nonrelatives.
Also included are persons in families where the husband, wife, or other
person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and persons in
unrelated subfamilies.

80




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY DATA
A-74. Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Characteristic

Median weekly earnings
IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

19,542

20,005

$120

$126

5,991
3,320
2,671

6,328
3,482
2,846

114
98
148

120
102
157

13,551
3,959
9,592

13,678
4,134
9,544

124
94
146

130
95
153

Husbands
Wives
Women who maintain families
Men who maintain families

1,633
7,170
1,071
114

1,664
7,078
1,159
140

152
151
127
134

157
158
141
146

Other persons in families:
Men
Women
All other men1
All other women1

3,090
3,402
1,153
1,908

3,315
3,501
1,209
1,940

96
89
141
125

101
93
156
126

White
Men
Women

17,077
5,134
11,943

17,400
5,320
12,080

122
114
125

127
119
131

Black
Men
Women

1,895
646
1,249

1,891
716
1,175

111
113
110

122
117
125

Hispanic origin
Men
Women

1,269
506
763

1,408
587
820

123
124
122

132
133
132

SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over

....

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
FAMILY RELATIONSHIP

RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX

1
The majority of these persons are living alone or with nonrelatives.
Also included are persons in families where the husband, wife, or other
person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and persons in
unrelated subfamilies.




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

81

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-75. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Occupation and sex

Median weekly earnings

IV
1990

IV
1991

22,778
11,016
11,762
25,351
3,075

23,355
11,328
12,027
24,655
3,054

IV
1990

IV
1991

$622
620
623
383
496
404
355
273
171
488
255
481
477
480
487
345
332
415
304
263

$646
641
650
398
518
428
366
283
166
503
262
489
500
483
483
347
334
418
300
267

TOTAL
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

8,095
14,181
8,859
321
1,616
6,922
10,843

3,781
3,441
3,621

14,936

7,591
14,010

8,589
283
1,678
6,628
10,455
3,700
3,118
3,637
14,523

3,581

6,967
4,098
3,459

1,324

1,326

12,145
6,274
5,871
9,481
1,704
4,600
3,178
4,415
23
1,429
2,963
9,992
3,637
3,402
2,953
11,235
4,458
3,873
2,904
1,199

12,305
6,397
5,908
9,264
1,721
4,459
3,084
4,281
13
1,469
2,798
9,553
3,580
3,096
2,877
10,920
4,219
3,835
2,866
1,185

754
766
743
497
578
502
450
327

763
768
759
521
597
549
472
330

496
284
492
478
482
514
383
392
419
313
268

515
283
501
500
483
518
385
395
424
310
273

10,632
4,742

11,050

520
500
548
337
417
299
336
234
169
443
235
315
413

549
522
570
352
462
306
350
246
162
452
247
347
514

7,251
4,104

Men
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

0

O

Women
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
1

Data not shown where base is less than 100,000.

82



5,891
15,870
1,371

3,496
11,003
4,444

298
187
3,959
851
145

39
668
3,701

2,793
231

677
125

4,930
6,119
15,391
1,333
3,132
10,926
4,308
270

209
3,829
902
120
22
760
3,604
2,748
263
593

141

0

O

305
265
262
325
260
208

328
273
270
324
262
217

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-76. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan, urban, and rural areas
by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
United States

Metropolitan areas
Central
cities

Total

Employment status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

Suburbs

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

57,770
37,432
64.8
34,841
2,591
6.9
20,337

58,151
37,474
64.4
34,424
3,050
8.1

88,820
61,031
68.7
58,115

89,970
61,441
68.3

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

188,696
124,824
66.2
117,732
7,092
5.7
63,872

190,449
125,357
65.8
117,071
8,286
6.6
65,091

146,589
98,463
67.2
92,956
5,507
5.6
48,126

148,121

84,254

65,422
51,039

4,001
6.2

64,605
50,889
78.8
48,263
2,626
5.2

19,406

13,715

92,955
54,046
58.1
50,968
3,078
5.7
38,909

71,541
42,356

72,533
42,879

59.2

59.1
40,425
2,454
5.7
29,654

13,239
6,462
48.8
5,256

1,206

10,444
5,218
50.0
4,375
843

18.7
6,777

16.2
5,226

5,169

161,947
107,460
66.4
101,164

98,915
66.8

92,327

2,916

57,903
3,539

20,677

4.8
27,789

5.8
28,529

25,067
19,114
76.2

25,318

39,537

40,104

19,192
75.8

31,848

14,382

5,954

17,727
1,465
7.6
6,126

30,133

3,179
6.2

17,842
1,271
6.7

31,776
80.4
30,421

1,355
4.3
7,762

8,256

28,660
16,480
57.5
15,553

28,774
16,476
57.3
15,323

927
5.6

1,154
7.0
12,298

6,589
6.7

49,205

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

83,105
64,597
77.7
61,229
3,368
5.2
18,508

64,849
77.0
60,848

78.0
47,861

79.4
1,714
5.4

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

91,954
53,404
58.1
50,788

2,616
4.9
38,550

40,318
2,038
4.8
29,185

12,180

42,881
25,875
60.3
24,765
1,111
4.3

43,760
26,403
60.3
25,103

17,006

17,357

6,402
3,380
52.8
2,929
450
13.3
3,022

6,107
3,191
52.3

1,300

4.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

13,637
6,824
50.0
5,715
1,108
16.2
6,814

10,166
4,997
49.2
4,040

4,042
1,838
45.5
1,445
393
21.4
2,204

4,059
1,806
44.5

124,108
83,628
67.4
78,748
4,880
5.8
40,480

42,673
28,184
66.0
26,687

42,998

14,488

28,287
65.8
26,387
1,901
6.7
14,711

12,220
7,441
60.9

12,183
7,332
60.2

6,469

6,316

972

1,016
13.9
4,851

957
19.1

1,374
432
23.9
2,253

2,666
525
16.4
2,916

White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

160,830

4.9
53,722

6,296
5.9
54,488

123,101
83,267
67.6
79,319
3,948
4.7
39,835

21,416

21,744

17,845

18,059

13,527
63.2
11,928
1,599
11.8
7,889

13,530
62.2
11,862

11,488
64.4
10,147

1,669

1,341

12.3

11.7
6,357

11,401
63.1
9,954
1,447
12.7
6,658

14,474

14,948
9,816
65.7
8,840
976
9.9
5,132

107,108
66.6
101,899

5,209

1,497
5.3

80,429
55,083
68.5
52,632
2,450
4.4
25,346

81,110
55,341
68.2

5,625
4,047
71.9
3,679
368
9.1
1,578

5,876

5,980
4,095
68.5
3,744

6,075
4,219

351
8.6
1,886

413
9.8
1,856

52,361
2,979
5.4
25,770

Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

8,214

13.1

4,779

4,069
69.3
3,638
432
10.6

1,806

Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force




9,511
65.7
8,695

816
8.6

4,963

13,482
8,865
65.8

13,965

8,114
752

8,283

7,501
4,770
63.6
4,370

929
10.1
4,754

401
8.4
2,731

8.5
4,617

9,211
66.0

7,890

4,992
63.3
4,476
516
10.3
2,898

69.5
3,807

83

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-76. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan, urban, and rural
areas by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Urban
areas

Nonmetropolitan areas
Farm

Total

Employment status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin

Nonfarm
IV
1990

IV
1991

2,682
1,894
70.6
1,860
34
1.8
788

39,473
24,522
62.1
22,970
1,552
6.3
14,951

1,277
1,073
84.0
1,059
14
1.3
204

1,315
1,106
84.1
1,093
13
1.2
209

20,422
11,167
54.7
10,542
625
5.6
9,254

1,155
658
57.0
648
11
1.6
497

3,194
1,606
50.3
1,341
265
16.5
1,588

3,074
1,465
47.7
1,216
249
17.0
1,608

37,729
23,841
63.2
22,580
1,262
5.3
13,888

37,839
23,832
63.0
22,416
1,416
5.9
14,007

3,571
2,039
57.1
1,781
258
12.7
1,531

993
646
65.1
582
64
9.9
347

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

42,106
26,361
62.6
24,776
1,585
6.0
15,746

42,328
26,442
62.5
24,745
1,697
6.4
15,886

2,634
1,839
69.8
1,806
33
1.8
795

18,500
13,707
74.1
12,966
742
5.4
4,793

18,833
13,809
73.3
12,987
823
6.0
5,023

20,413
11,048
54.1
10,470
578
5.2
9,365

Rural

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

138,446
91,413
66.0
85,101
6,312
6.9
47,033

50,929
33,337
65.5
31,576
1,762
5.3
17,591

52,003
33,944
65.3
31,970
1,974
5.8
18,058

59,947
46,760
78.0
44,247
2,513
5.4
13,187

60,487
46,731
77.3
43,707
3,024
6.5
13,756

23,157
17,836
77.0
16,982
854
4.8
5,321

23,767
18,118
76.2
17,141
977
5.4
5,649

19,250
10,484
54.5
9,872
612
5.8
8,767

67,984
39,823
58.6
37,857
1,966
4.9
28,161

68,444
40,048
58.5
37,671
2,378
5.9
28,396

23,970
13,581
56.7
12,931
650
4.8
10,389

24,511
13,998
57.1
13,297
701
5.0
10,513

2,992
1,498
50.1
1,241
256
17.1
1,494

2,878
1,361
47.3
1,120
241
17.7
1,517

9,836
4,904
49.9
4,053
851
17.4
4,933

9,514
4,633
48.7
3,724
910
19.6
4,881

3,801
1,920
50.5
1,663
257
13.4
1,881

3,725
1,829
49.1
1,532
297
16.2
1,896

35,151
22,034
62.7
20,805
1,229
5.6
13,117

35,192
21,959
62.4
20,576
1,383
6.3
13,234

113,648
76,044
66.9
72,348
3,697
4.9
37,604

113,901
75,904
66.6
71,371
4,533
6.0
37,997

47,182
31,064
65.8
29,551
1,512
4.9
16,119

48,046
31,555
65.7
29,793
1,763
5.6
16,491

3,685
2,129
57.8
1,908
221
10.4
1,556

3,534
2,020
57.2
1,763
257
12.7
1,514

3,661
2,114
57.7
1,894
220
10.4
1,547

18,455
11,749
63.7
10,348
1,401
11.9
6,707

18,634
11,657
62.6
10,156
1,501
12.9
6,977

2,961
1,779
60.1
1,581
198
11.1
1,182

3,110
1,873
60.2
1,706
167
8.9
1,237

982
605
61.6
557
48
7.9
378

612
64.5
550
62
10.1
337

962
589
61.3
542
47
8.0
373

13,151
8,647
65.8
7,916
731
8.5
4,504

13,723
9,028
65.8
8,129
900
10.0
4,695

1,324
864
65.3
780
84
9.8
460

1,225
788
64.3
711
76
9.7
437

IV
1990

IV
1991

39,646
24,548
61.9
22,885
1,663
6.8
15,098

137,767
91,487
66.4
86,156
5,330
5.8
46,281

17,223
12,635
73.4
11,907
728
5.8
4,589

17,518
12,703
72.5
11,894
809
6.4
4,815

1,171
683
58.4
670
13
1.9
488

19,258
10,389
53.9
9,822
567
5.5

202
108
53.5
99
9
8.1
94

196
104
53.4
96
8
7.8
91

2,578
1,807
70.1
1,775
32
1.8
771

2,646
1,873
70.8
1,840
33
1.8
774

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
1

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are

84




10

included in both the white and black population groups. These data are based on
1980 census designations and are not comparable to data published through the
first quarter of 1984.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-77. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race and Hispanic
origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Metropolitan areas

Total United States
Employment status, race, and
Hispanic origin

Nonpoverty
areas

Poverty
areas
IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

27,181
15,387
56.6
13,823
1,565
10.2
9.5
8.6
28.0
28.9
26.9
11,793

27,002
15,280
56.6
13,711
1,568
10.3
9.4
9.3
27.0
27.7
26.1
11,722

161,515
109,437
67.8
103,909
5,527
5.1
4.6
4.4
14.5
15.9
13.0
52,078

Poverty
areas
IV
1990

IV
1991

Nonmetropolitan areas

Nonpoverty
areas
IV
1990

IV
1991

Poverty
areas

Nonpoverty
areas

IV
1990

IV
1991

IV
1990

IV
1991

9,734
5,600
57.5
5,164
436
7.8
7.1
7.0
20.2
21.1
18.9
4,133

9,839
5,659
57.5
5,251
407
7.2
6.3
7.1
18.5
18.5
18.5
4,180

32,373
20,761
64.1
19,612
1,149
5.5
4.9
4.8
15.7
, 17.1
14.0
11,612

32,489
20,783
64.0
19,494
1,290
6.2
5.9
5.2
16.7
18.7
14.6
11,706

30,469 30,549
19,556 19,565
64.2
64.0
18,537 18,402
1,019
1,162
5.2
5.9
4.6
5.7
4.4
4.9
15.1
15.8
16.1
17.7
14.0
13.9
10,914 10,984

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Men
Women
Not in labor force

163,447 17,447 17,163 129,142 130,957
110,078
9,787 9,621 88,676 89,295
67.3
68.7
68.2
56.1
56.1
103,360
8,658 8,460 84,298 83,867
6,718
5,428
1,129
4,378
1,161
6.1
11.5
12.1
4.9
6.1
5.7
10.9
11.3
4.5
5.7
5.2
9.5
5.2
10.5
4.3
17.5
32.2
17.7
31.1
14.2
18.8
33.6
18.8
33.1
15.5
16.1
30.6
16.6
29.0
12.7
53,369
7,660
7,543 40,466 41,663

White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Men
Women
Not in labor force

16,274 16,485 144,557 145,463
9,499 9,596 97,609 97,864
58.4
58.2
67.5
67.3
8,833 8,850 93,066 92,314
666
746 4,543 5,550
7.0
7.8
4.7
5.7
7.0
7.6
4.3
5.4
5.3
6.2
4.7
4.0
19.7
21.1
13.1
16.0
19.4
23.9
14.9
16.9
20.2
17.8
11.2
15.0
6,775 6,889 46,948 47,599

9,014
5,213
57.8
4,790
423
8.1
7.7
6.3
24.2
24.6
23.7
3,801

9,195
5,329
58.0
4,837
492
9.2
9.4
6.9
24.1
29.1
18.8
3,866

114,914
78,299
68.1
73,911
4,388
5.6
5.4
4.7
16.0
16.7
15.3
36,615

7,259
4,285
59.0
4,043
243
5.7
6.1
4.0
13.9
12.7
15.3
2,974

7,290
4,267
58.5
4,013
254
5.9
5.4
5.3
16.9
17.3
16.2
3,023

2,271
1,248
55.0
1,118
130
10.4
8.0
11.8

114,087
78,053
68.4
74,529
3,524
4.5
4.2
3.9
12.5
14.6
10.4
36,034

Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Men
Women
Not in labor force

9,804
5,293
54.0
4,458
835
15.8
14.9
13.4
41.2
44.8
37.2
4,511

9,498 11,612 12,246
5,139
8,235 8,392
54.1
70.9
68.5
4,377
7,471
7,484
761
764
907
14.8
9.3
10.8
13.0
8.4
9.4
14.2
7.9
9.7
36.1
28.7
36.3
31.0
25.3
38.6
42.9
32.4
33.9
4,360
3,377 3,854

7,622
4,127
54.1
3,457
670
16.2
16.1
13.0
42.7
46.6
38.8
3,495

7,227 10,223 10,832
7,511
3,891
7,361
53.8
69.3
72.0
3,260 6,690 6,694
631
817
671
16.2
9.1
10.9
14.8
8.2
9.5
14.9
7.7
9.7
38.8
28.7
35.9
34.6
24.1
38.3
43.3
33.5
33.4
3,337 2,862
3,321

2,182
1,166
53.4
1,000
166
14.2
10.7
14.8
36.2

4,404
2,444
55.5
2,205
239
9.8
9.0
8.1
24.6
29.4
18.4
1,960

4,590 10,071 10,358
2,582
7,067 7,234
56.3
70.2
69.8
2,271
6,491
6,569
311
577
665
12.1
8.2
9.2
11.7
7.6
8.8
9.4
7.0
7.7
28.5
19.7
20.6
29.9
21.5
20.5
26.6
16.9
20.6
2,008
3,004 3,124

4,057
2,242
55.3
2,017
225
10.0
9.3
8.3
26.2
33.2
17.0
1,815

4,235
2,388
56.4
2,094
293
12.3
12.0
9.4
28.9
31.0
26.1
1,847

9,731
6,824
70.1
6,188
635
9.3
9.0
7.8
20.8
20.5
21.2
2,907

346
202
58.2
188
14
6.9
5.9
6.3

O
O
1,016

1,389
874
62.9
781
93
10.6
10.0
9.6

O
O
1,023

o

1,414
881
62.3
790
91
10.3
8.9
8.9
1
()

O
O

515

533

647
444
68.7
394
50
11.3
10.8
8.7
()

627
410
65.4
381
29
7.2
5.9
7.3

Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Men
Women
Not in labor force
1

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and




9,424
6,623
70.3
6,096
526
7.9
7.3
6.9
19.3
20.7
17.1
2,802

0

0

o
145

355
195
54.7
176
18
9.4
8.5
9.0

0
O
0

161

0
0

202

0
0
0

217

Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. These
data are based on 1980 census designations and are not comparable to data
published through the first quarter of 1984.

85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1941 to date

(In thousands)
Goods-producing
Year
and
month

Total

Total
private

Total

Mining

Construction

Service-producing

Manufacturing

Transportation
and
public
utilities

Total

Wholesale
trade

Retail
trade

Finance,
insurance,
and
Services
real
estate

Government

Federal

State

Local

Annual averages
36,539
40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

31,877
34,624
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

15,963
18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

957
992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930

1,814
2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194

13,192
15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

20,574
21,636
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189

3,274
3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

1,966
1,912
1,828
1,851
1,955
2,298
2,478
2,612
2,610

5,244
5,206
5,154
5,208
5,359
6,077
6,477
6,659
6,654

1,525
1,509
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828

3,905
4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,239

1,340
2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51.324
53,268

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45.239
43,483
45,186

18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411

901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675

26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

2,643
2,735
2,821
2,862
2,875
2,934
3,027
3,037
2,989
3,092

6,743
7,007
7,184
7,385
7,360
7,601
7,831
7,848
7,761
8,035

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,356
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

(1)
(1)

1,168
1,250
1,328
1,415
1,484

3,558
3,819
4,071
4,232
4,366

54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58.283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384

45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56.058
58,189

20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36.013
37.278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

3,153
3,142
3,207
3,258
3,347
3,477
3,608
3,700
3,791
3,919

8,238
8.195
8,359
8,520
8,812
9,239
9,637
9,906
10,308
10,785

2,628
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378
7,619
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758

1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533

4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904

70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

623
609
626
642
697
752
779
813
851
958

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,1-54
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

47,302
48,278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

4,006
4,014
4,127
4,291
4,447
4,430
4,562
4,723
4,985
5,221

11,034
11,338
11,822
12,315
12,539
12,630
13,193
13,792
14,556
14,972

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975

11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,302
16,252
17,112

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773

2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541

7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633

1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

90,406
91,156
89,566
90,200
94,496
97,519
99,525
102,200
105,536
108,329

74,166
75,126
73,729
74,330
78,472
81,125
82,832
85,190
88,150
90,550

25.658
25,497
23,813
23,334
24,727
24,859
24,558
24,708
25,173
25,322

1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
927
777
717
713
693

4,346
4,188
3,905
3,948
4,383
4,673
4,816
4,967
5,110
5,187

20,285
20,170
18,781
18,434
19,378
19,260
18,965
19,024
19,350
19,442

64,748
65,659
65,753
66,866
69,769
72,660
74,967
77,492
80,363
83,007

5,146
5,165
5,082
4,954
5,159
5,238
5,255
5,372
5,527
5,644

5,292
5,376
5,296
5,286
5,574
5,736
5,774
5,865
6,055
6,221

15,018
15,172
15,161
15,595
16,526
17,336
17,909
18,462
19,077
19,549

5,160
5,298
5,341
5,468
5,689
5,955
6,283
6,547
6,649
6,695

17,890
18,619
19,036
19,694
20,797
21,999
23,053
24,235
25,669
27,120

2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899
2,943
2,971
2,988

3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,832
3,893
3,967
4,076
4,182

9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,687
9,901
10,100
10,339
10,609

1990
1991"

109,971
108,975

91,649
90,540

24,958
23,820

711
697

5,136
4,696

19,111
18,427

85,014
85,154

5,826
5,823

6,205
6,072

19,683
19,340

6,739
6,707

28,240
28,778

3,085
2,965

4,303
4,346

10,934
11,123

28,548

2,948

4,347

11,058

28,590
28,583
28,576
28,576
28,645
28,712
28,733
28,831
28,937
29,019
29,009
29,047

2,952
2,951
2,951
2,953
2,952
2,971
2,963
2,967
2,979
2,983
2,979
2,980

4,352
4,354
4,359
4,352
4,348
4,359
4,338
4,337
4,328
4,332
4,340
4,352

11,061
11,084
11,097
11,119
11,140
11,126
11,119
11,110
11,117
11,152
11,146
11,199

1941

1942
1943
1944

1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951

1952
1953
1954

1955
1956
1957
1958
19592

1960
1961
1962
1963

1964
1965
1966

1967
1968

1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976

1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982

1983

0

0

0
(1)
(1)

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
1990:
December
1991:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December?
1

109,621

91,268

24,375

715

4,911

18,749

85,246

5,867

6,166

19,579

6,733

109,418
109,160
108,902
108.736
108.887
108,885
108,859
108,971
109,066
109,073
108,808
108,839

91,053
90,771
90,495
90,312
90,447
90,429
90,439
90,557
90,642
90,606
90,343
90,308

24,181
24,039
23,877
23,794
23,847
23,792
23,798
23,826
23,797
23,727
23,595
23,572

713
715
714
710
706
704
701
693
684
679
674
670

4,797
4,792
4,720
4,688
4,715
4,710
4,695
4,691
4,699
4,671
4,583
4,596

18,671
18,532
18,443
18,396
18,426
18,378
18,402
18,442
18,414
18,377
18,338
18,306

85,237
85,121
85,025
84,942
85,040
85,093
85,061
85,145
85,269
85,346
85,213
85,267

5,866
5,834
5,824
5,814
5,819
5,809
5,809
5,820
5,829
5,828
5,819
5,796

6,138
6,119
6,105
6,086
6,085
6,068
6,064
6,050
6,049
6,047
6,032
6,017

19,542
19,464
19,378
19,324
19,339
19,345
19,347
19,343
19,338
19,288
19,196
19,180

6,736
6,732
6,735
6,718
6,712
6,703
6,688
6,687
6,692
6,697
6,692
6,696

Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonfarm total for the March 1959 benchmark
month.
p
= preliminary.
2

86



NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1990
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1990) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1987) are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

110,691 110,409 109,796 109,784 109,658

Total

91,937 91,756 91,084 90,918 90,829 74,526 74,340 73,782 73,641 73,548

Total private

719

Mining

716

687

679

671

519

514

487

481

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

58.4
7.2
15.4

60.4
9.2
15.5

58.2
8.4
15.9

58.1
8.6
15.8

45.5
5.2
12.6

47.1
6.9
12.7

45.7
6.4
13.1

45.5
6.5
13.0

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

146.7
136.9

145.8
136.2

135.6
126.1

135.9
126.2

118.5
110.6

118.1
110.4

110.0
102.2

110.8
102.9

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

402.3
187.5
210.4

402.2
189.1
208.6

384.1
188.6
190.6

380.1
187.3
187.8

271.0
92.8
174.9

268.9
93.1
172.5

249.8
94.9
151.7

246.8
94.3
149.2

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals

14
142
144
147

111.3
41.4
34.0
16.5

107.1
39.6
31.9
16.5

108.6
40.4
33.3
16.0

105.0
39.0
31.6
15.9

84.3
32.0

80.1
30.1

81.6
30.9

78.3
29.5

5,085

4,842

4,886

4,707

4,536

3,945

3,712

3,781

3,605

1,273.9 1,233.0 1,190.3 1,159.2 1,138.2
624.7 604.4 595.0 579.6
35.5
34.5
33.0
31.8
613.7 594.1
562.3 547.8

918.6
434.7
14.4
469.5

881.7
416.6
13.7
451.4

852.5
411.7
14.5
426.3

822.8
396.6
13.3
412.9

647.2
211.1
436.1

572.8
166.3
406.5

648.5
220.8
427.7

471

591.7
188.7
403.0

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

15
152
153
154

Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

16
161
162

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

Manufacturing

775.5
254.1
521.4

698.5
207.9
490.6

771.3
263.2
508.1

377.8

714.3
231.2
483.1

3,035.3 2,910.7 2,924.8 2,833.2
647.9 640.7 616.7 611.9
164.1
177.1
172.5
161.5
556.6 551.4
542.1
532.0
474.4 447.9
453.1
434.6
175.4
182.5
170.3
166.3
218.0 207.0 210.4 203.1
18,876 18,778 18,497

18,415

2,378.8 2,257.4 2,280.3 2,190.9
475.7 468.6 448.6
443.2
133.7
146.5
142.6
132.2
431.3 424.8
418.1
407.8
405.6 379.8 386.4 368.4
129.2
134.7
126.2
122.6
163.6
174.6
167.6
160.1
18,335

10,903 10,858 10,543 10,500 10,453

Durable goods

3,442

12,788 12,694

12,554

7,210

7,171

6,983

6,945

6,911

579.2
69.1
165.2
132.1
30.8
196.2
78.6
52.6
18.4
27.6
36.9
45.8
34.2
66.0

572.7
67.2
163.6
130.9
30.5
194.4
78.1
52.3
18.8
27.2
36.4
44.7
33.4
66.4

566.9

383.2
232.0
104.8
77.8
17.8
21.7

381.7
232.7
105.4
77.7
18.5
21.0

379.0

Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

718.8
83.3
194.8
157.5
34.3
252.7
103.0
71.6
22.6
30.9
44.7
60.1
41.9
83.2

707.1
80.7
192.6
155.7
34.2
248.3
101.1
70.5
22.2
30.8
44.1
58.6
41.1
82.8

704.7
83.3
190.4
152.7
35.0
245.9
101.7
66.9
21.5
30.8
44.0
59.8
42.1
81.3

698.1
81.3
189.0
151.6
34.7
244.1
101.0
66.8
22.0
30.4
43.3
58.5
41.3
81.9

692.4

589.5
68.4
169.2
136.5
30.2
202.4
79.7
57.0
19.4
27.7
37.5
44.9
33.6
67.1

578.8
65.8
166.9
134.6
30.0
198.8
78.2
56.3
19.1
27.5
37.1
43.6
33.0
66.6

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515

500.7
284.5
125.1
95.8
23.5
27.2

497.1
283.3
125.0
94.9
24.1
27.2

485.4
278.4
122.1
93.9
22.4
28.1

484.8
279.6
122.8
93.8
23.2
27.6

481.0

393.7
236.7
107.1
79.9
18.5
20.5

390.3
235.4
107.1
78.8
19.1
20.4

12,476 12,409

See footnotes at end of table.




87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures—Continued
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

1987
SIC
Code

Alemployees
l
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Production workers

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

252
253
254
259

68.4
32.1
79.4
36.3

68.4
31.4
77.9
36.1

62.6
31.7
78.3
34.4

62.1
32.0
76.7
34.4

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

548.4
16.5
81.5
39.2
42.3
59.7
18.0
34.4
37.7
204.8
19.5
69.7
97.3
80.1
21.1
64
.
23.2

535.9
16.5
80.3
38.9
41.4
59.0
18.0
33.4
37.1
196.6
18.7
67.7
92.3
79.5
21.0
63
.
22.9

529.9
15.7
81.9
38.3
43.6
57.9
18.0
32.5
36.6
197.9
18.7
67.0
94.9
75.6
20.4
57
.
22.0

522.9
15.5
81.6
38.1
43.5
56.8
17.7
32.4
36.6
192.7
18.3
65.8
91.5
75.9
20.7
57
.
22.3

512.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

746.9
274.0
206.6
25.4
131.2
79.2
87
.
27.6
44.6
24.6
169.8
22.3
28.7
71.8
82.6
24.5

743.5
273.8
206.3
25.2
130.3
78.4
86
.
27.4
45.0
25.0
168.3
22.1
28.6
71.0
81.9
24.4

714.2
256.8
192.1
24.4
124.6
76.0
83
.
25.3
44.5
25.5
165.9
22.0
27.7
70.0
80.8
23.3

710.6
255.6
191.2
24.3
123.5
75.8
84
.
24.4
44.7
25.7
164.8
22.0
27.6
69.4
80.3
23.0

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469

See footnotes at end of table.




Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

50.8
24.6
57.3
24.3

50.7
24.1
55.9
24.2

46.4
25.1
56.9
22.8

45.8
25.1
55.4
22.7

_
_
-

_
-

426.4
13.1
70.3
35.6
34.7
45.7
13.8
26.3
29.7
156.5
12.6
52.4
77.4
59.3
15.0
48
.
-

414.9
13.1
69.0
35.2
33.8
44.9
13.8
25.7
29.2
148.8
12.0
50.4
72.6
59.0
15.2
47
.
-

411.0
12.5
70.6
34.6
36.0
44.0
13.7
24.9
28.9
150.3
12.0
50.6
74.5
56.0
14.9
43
.
-

404.9
12.3
70.6
34.5
36.1
42.9
13.5
24.7
29.0
145.6
11.7
49.3
71.4
56.4
15.2
44
.
-

394.5
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

708.8
256.3
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

566.4
209.6
159.7
18.7
104.6
64.5
65
.
21.5
32.8
18.8
122.1
17.0
19.2
52.7
64.7
19.3

562.7
209.6
159.5
18.7
103.7
63.7
64
.
21.4
33.1
19.1
120.5
16.8
19.1
51.7
63.8
19.2

538.9
194.5
146.6
17.9
98.8
61.5
63
.
19.6
34.0
20.6
118.5
16.8
18.3
50.5
63.0
18.2

535.7
193.1
145.3
17.9
97.8
61.1
65
.
18.8
34.3
20.8
117.7
16.7
18.2
50.1
62.8
18.0

534.8
193.9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

1,409.7 1,402.3 1,365.2 1,360.2 1,354.5 1,037.4 1,031.9 1,002.5
48.4
48.7
46.7
_
47.6
41.8
41.0
41.5
39.5
39.7
38.9
38.1
34.6
34.3
33.9
127.4 127.6 122.6 122.4
93.3
93.0
90.3
44.0
43.9
42.4
42.5
32.2
31.1
32.2
_
71.8
72.1
68.7
69.0
52.9
51.5
53.2
59.7
59.4
58.2
58.4
42.7
43.0
41.6
_
25.1
24.8
25.0
18.7
25.1
18.7
18.8
_
20.7
20.4
19.8
19.8
13.1
13.9
13.6
_
426.0 422.8 410.1
407.0
301.7 299.4 289.3
_
72.2
56.7
79.1
78.2
72.1
51.6
55.9
73.6
73.8
73.0
75.1
54.0
52.9
52.8
107.2 107.6 105.1
_
105.0
71.8
70.6
72.2
94.5
93.7
93.8
92.5
_
70.7
70.4
71.2
29.3
29.3
26.4
26.1
20.6
20.7
18.2
_
93.7
90.9
90.8
94.5
72.3
69.4
71.6
_
45.2
44.8
43.5
43.6
36.7
35.3
36.5
_
49.3
47.4
48.9
47.2
35.1
35.6
34.1
225.4 223.9 219.3 218.5
_
173.7
178.0 177.1
31.3
_
33.2
33.0
31.1
23.7
25.2
25.2
99.6
98.8
98.3
100.2
83.3
83.1
83.0
78.4
80.2
79.5
78.2!
60.7
60.1
59.3
-

998.0
40.1
33.2
90.7
31.3
51.6
41.8
18.7
13.2
286.0
51.5
52.2
70.4
69.3
17.8
69.2
35.3
33.9
172.7
23.4
82.6
59.0

993.4
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Alemployees
l

1987
Industry

SIC
uode

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

Nov.
1990

120.3
75.7
44.6
73.0
44.6
235.0
28.1
52.5

Dec.
1990

118.5
74.6
43.9
73.2
44.8
234.5
28.2
52.7

Oct.
1991

116.9
72.0
44.9
70.2
41.6
229.4
27.3
50.2

Production workers

Nov.
1991P

117.2
72.5
44.7
69.4
41.3
229.8
27.2
50.4

Dec.
1991p

_
_
_
_
_
-

Nov.
1990

93.7
59.2
34.5
45.9
25.5
168.3
18.7
39.3

Dec.
1990

92.2
58.3
33.9
45.9
25.6
167.9
18.9
39.4

Oct.
1991

90.1
55.4
34.7
43.0
22.7
164.1
18.8
37.7

Nov.
1991P

90.4
55.9
34.5
42.4
22.6
164.7
18.9
37.9

Dec.
1991P

_
_
_
_
_
-

2,061.6 2,059.4 1,964.2 1,953.0 1,952.5 1,233.9 1,232.0 1,164.6 1,154.4 1,156.6
_
_
89.3
89.3
88.9
88.8
58.0
58.0
56.2
56.5
_
_
29.4
27.5
27.5
29.3
16.2
17.5
17.5
16.2
_
_
61.8
59.5
41.8
38.7
39.0
61.8
59.5
41.8
70.4
_
_
104.9
98.6
99.7
76.6
77.3
71.9
105.6
77.5
72.3
55.5
55.3
50.8
_
_
77.3
71.3
50.1
_
_
225.6 225.6 210.2 201.5
137.9 137.9 126.0 117.2
_
82.3
81.7
75.5
67.3
49.5
49.1
45.2
36.3
_
_
17.9
17.9
15.9
16.0
11.1
11.1
94
.
92
.
_
_
44.3
43.0
28.4
27.1
26.7
44.9
42.2
27.8
34.3
34.4
32.2
19.4
_
_
32.3
19.3
17.7
17.9
_
27.0
26.9
25.8
25.8
18.1
17.9
16.7
16.8
_
_
325.7 325.1
307.3 307.4
232.9 232.4 216.6 216.9
_
_
28.4
44.4
41.8
28.4
44.5
41.0
26.0
25.4
_
_
17.6
17.5
16.1
16.1
10.9
10.9
99
.
98
.
_
_
147.1
146.8 140.0 140.6
114.0 113.6 106.4 107.0
_
_
54.7
54.5
50.3
38.4
38.5
50.3
35.2
35.3
21.3
21.1
_
20.2
14.8
14.7
20.5
14.0
14.1
_
_
156.0 155.4 145.9 144.9
91.6
91.2
82.9
82.1
17.7
17.6
16.6
11.7
11.7
16.6
_
10.9
10.9
24.8
24.8
23.6
13.0
23.1
_
13.1
11.8
11.3
_
_
22.7
22.6
20.9
13.7
20.9
13.5
12.1
12.1
_
_
237.4 237.4
247.3 247.1
157.5 157.0 150.3
150.3
_
_
31.6
31.6
30.6
30.4
18.1
18.1
17.1
17.2
43.3
43.2
40.8
40.9
_
33.6
33.6
31.9
32.1
_
_
26.0
25.9
25.3
14.2
14.4
13.7
25.5
14.0
_
_
31.4
31.9
31.9
21.4
31.3
21.3
21.3
21.1
_
_
16.3
16.3
15.0
15.0
11.5
11.5
10.4
10.5
19.1
19.2
12.7
_
18.4
_
18.3
12.7
12.0
12.0
432.2 432.4 411.4 409.1
134.0 134.4 130.6 128.3
_
274.7 274.6 257.6 255.7
69.4
69.6
60.9
62.6
_
_
_
_
-

26.3
113.2
80.4
218.4
17.3
175.4

26.1
114.1
81.5
217.1
17.1
174.6

_
_
_
_
_
-

1,643.9 1,633.5 1,581.1 1,580.0 1,576.4 1,034.9 1,025.6 1,000.0
95.3
90.9
_
91.4
96.0
66.3
66.8
62.5
48.2
47.9
46.4
_
34.0
46.6
33.9
32.5
47.4
_
47.8
44.5
32.4
44.8
32.8
30.0
164.7 163.7 159.0 159.4
_
115.0 114.4 111.3
_
80.7
79.6
78.0
78.2
61.2
62.0
60.0
_
64.2
64.2
62.1
39.4
62.3
39.4
38.3
_
121.4 121.2 122.8 124.1
96.6
98.0
96.6
26.4
26.0
27.6
28.0
21.1
22.2
21.5
20.2
20.1
20.3
15.8
15.7
15.7
20.3
32.6
32.5
34.4
34.5
25.0
27.1
24.9
-

998.6
62.8
32.6
30.2
111.7
60.2
38.5
99.4
22.6
15.6
27.1

997.9
_

64.6
167.2
113.7
313.4
22.4
244.0

64.3
166.2
112.3
312.7
22.3
243.5

63.5
165.3
113.3
299.2
21.4
234.1

63.2
166.0
114.4
298.2
21.0
233.5

21.0
115.8
81.7
229.6
18.1
184.3

21.5
114.7
80.4
229.1
18.1
183.6

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1987
SIC
Code

364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

All employees
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

185.9
23.7
71.9
16.8
23.7
82.6
61.7
255.8
124.1
570.8
31.0
234.7
137.5
166.7
31.0
68.9

183.3
23.0
71.4
16.8
23.1
81.1
61.0
255.7
124.3
568.7
30.9
233.4
136.9
164.5
30.9
66.1

177.1
22.1
68.7
15.7
21.9
80.3
60.5
245.2
121.3
541.5
27.8
225.9
130.9
164.3
31.2
68.9

Production workers

Nov.
1991P

177.9
22.2
68.9
15.7
21.7
79.9
60.6
244.3
120.8
538.7
27.6
225.8
130.2
164.3
31.5
68.6

Dec.
1991P

_
_
_
_
-

_
_
-

Nov.
1990

133.8
20.1
47.5
12.1
17.3
56.3
40.0
127.6
65.5
323.5
20.4
92.1
86.8
115.3
23.9
52.2

Dec.
1990

130.7
19.5
47.1
12.1
16.6
55.0
39.4
127.9
65.8
322.9
20.2
92.2
86.9
111.8
23.3
49.4

Oct.
1991

128.8
18.6
46.0
11.3
16.7
54.8
39.9
124.5
66.4
305.6
18.6
88.3
83.4
114.5
24.2
52.7

Nov.
1991P

129.0
18.7
46.2
11.2
16.5
54.4
39.8
123.7
65.9
303.5
18.5
88.3
82.9
114.1
24.4
52.1

Dec.
1991P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

991.4
276.5
318.0
47.6
66.8
88.5
246.0
100.5
94.2
41.2
99.2
10.5

992.2
276.3
317.7
47.8
66.5
88.5
246.8
100.9
94.6
41.0
99.7
10.7

962.7
254.8
303.7
44.7
63.6
85.2
255.3
105.8
97.1
39.1
99.6
10.2

961.2
253.8
303.5
45.1
63.4
84.6
256.1
106.3
97.2
39.1
98.7
10.0

959.1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

489.4
89.2
176.8
32.2
34.6
44.5
144.0
58.6
59.8
28.6
42.7
8.1

490.1
89.3
176.0
32.5
34.3
44.5
144.8
59.7
60.1
28.8
42.9
8.3

468.9
79.8
162.6
30.1
32.2
41.8
148.1
63.1
62.2
26.7
43.5
8.2

469.9
79.5
162.8
30.5
32.3
41.6
149.4
63.4
62.9
26.9
43.2
8.1

470.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

378.4
54.5
40.3
12.4
104.9
43.8
61.1
32.9
33.7
21.9
140.0
55.4

369.6
53.3
39.2
12.5
101.3
41.3
60.0
32.7
32.1
20.5
137.7
55.3

374.9
54.0
39.5
12.1
106.8
46.9
59.9
32.1
32.0
20.5
137.9
53.8

372.6
54.5
39.9
11.6
107.1
46.6
60.5
32.2
31.5
20.0
135.7
53.0

367.8
_
_
_
_
_
_

274.0
38.9
28.7
10.1
76.9
31.1
45.8
22.8
24.9
15.9
100.4
38.5

265.9
37.8
27.7
10.1
73.7
29.0
44.7
22.7
23.4
14.5
98.2
38.3

272.1
39.0
28.4
9.8
78.1
34.0
44.1
22.6
23.4
14.7
99.2
37.1

270.5
39.4
28.7
9.3
79.0
34.0
45.0
22.2
22.8
14.1
97.8
36.3

265.4
_

See footnotes at end of table.

90




1,903.6 1,916.9 1,860.6 1,856.8 1,848.4 1,164.5 1,178.4 1,162.9 1,159.0 1,152.7
761.4
800.0
778.9
799.5
797.0
573.6
615.4
615.5
613.4
589.2
_
325.7
296.7
312.6 320.9
210.6
224.5
238.3
241.9
_
34.8
36.6
35.5
28.2
27.8
36.8
26.3
26.9
_
_
396.2
390.6 398.7
305.0
307.9
316.1
387.9
314.5
_
24.4
24.7
19.4
25.0
18.8
19.3
25.3
18.6
_
_
636.2
336.1
336.4
689.8 688.4 638.5
305.7
307.7
_
_
362.1
156.8
363.3
144.1
339.9 339.3
156.8
144.7
_
_
136.3
77.4
150.4
136.9
150.5
77.8
68.6
68.3
_
_
160.6
161.7
175.8
176.1
101.9
94.4
93.3
101.8
_
176.4
181.6
175.6
138.5
138.5
136.3
182.5
136.8
_
_
128.3
127.2
95.7
131.3
97.0
96.5
130.6
97.3
_
_
48.1
48.4
42.8
51.9
39.5
50.3
41.5
39.8
_
_
29.0
29.9
33.2
24.5
24.6
33.0
20.8
21.8
_
_
163.4
181.4
45.7
164.2
180.9
55.6
55.0
46.3
_
_
118.0
118.4
131.4
131.0
36.9
36.6
31.6
31.5
_
_
39.5
40.4
25.4
41.6
27.7
26.3
26.1
43.0
15.5
15.4
15.7
15.3
11.8
11.7
12.4
12.3
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

SIC
Code

20
201
2011
2013
2015

202
2022
2026

203
2032
2033
2037

204
2041
2048

205
2051

Production workers

Alemployees
l

1987
Industry

Nov.

Dec.

Oct.

1990

1990

1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

59.7
112.3

61.3
120.5

61.8
119.5

91
.
54
.

90
.
53
.

83
.
53
.

96
.
53
.

209

12.1
59.5
31.1
183.7
39.3
101.3
184.7

11.4
57.0
30.8
183.4
39.2
101.4
184.4

16.1
59.7
32.1
182.4
38.6
100.7
179.5

13.2
61.0
32.7
181.3
38.5
100.6
178.7

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

50.6
35.2

52.8
35.2

50.5
34.5

48.9
34.9

50.9

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yam and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225

679.9
90.0
76.6
16.9
24.2
202.4
32.0
38.4
56.8
29.1
25.9
60.4
24.4
23.7
60.7
97.5
76.8
14.0
51.2

670.9
89.8
76.0
16.8
24.1
196.9
32.0
38.2
52.5
28.8
25.3
60.3
24.5
23.7
60.6
95.8
75.3
13.7
50.6

675.6
88.2
73.9
17.4
24.4
202.8
30.9
39.3
56.1
28.9
26.8
62.7
25.2
24.9
60.2
95.1
74.4
13.9
50.9

676.3
88.3
73.8
17.4
24.7
203.5
31.2
39.7
56.5
28.8
26.8
63.0
25.5
25.1
60.6
94.4
73.6
14.0
50.6

674.9

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
232

206
2061
2062
2063
2064

207
208
2082
2086

2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262

227
228
2281
2282

229

2321
2325
2326

233
2331
2335
2337
2339

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

5,531
7,973 7,920 7,954 7,915 7,882 5,578 5,523 5,571
5,498
1,682.7 1,661.4 1,720.2 1,684.2 1,660.3 1,216.7 1,196.1 1,258.3 1,222.5 1,198.9
_
_
436.2 434.7 443.3 447.7
372.8 371.5 378.3 381.6
_
120.8
120.4
_
141.4
141.3
124.0
123.2
146.3
145.2
_
_
66.7
66.6
66.5
67.0
88.1
87.6
88.5
88.9
_
_
206.0 204.8 210.5 213.3
188.6
184.0
185.4
191.0
_
_
93.3
93.4
149.4
150.5
152.6
152.9
91.6
92.0
_
_
31.9
39.8
40.1
41.2
41.2
30.6
30.8
31.9
_
_
71.7
73.4
73.7
35.9
35.8
36.6
71.9
36.6
_
_
222.3 270.6 233.8
234.1
195.0
230.3
183.1
194.4
17.7
20.7
21.8
22.0
_
17.1
18.3
22.1
17.8
_
_
71.7
79.7
76.8
101.9
64.2
88.4
59.5
67.4
_
_
45.7
47.9
41.0
47.8
39.5
41.7
46.8
54.0
_
_
90.4
90.0
128.5
128.8
128.1
128.3
90.8
90.2
_
_
14.7
22.7
22.7
22.3
22.5
15.2
15.2
14.5
_
44.7
44.1
44.5
28.0
28.1
28.6
28.8
44.2
_
_
134.1
215.2 212.8 212.5 212.6
135.6
136.0
136.2
154.1
87.7
88.3
88.1
88.8
150.8
151.2
153.1
61.1
116.5

2052,3

Nov.
1990

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

1,030.4 1,017.4 1,048.4 1,052.4 1,045.1
49.7
48.4
48.7
50.9
_
267.6 266.3 279.6 281.3
_
61.7
61.9
65.5
64.8
_
79.4
80.1
85.7
86.0
_
43.3
44.2
43.8
44.8
330.4 325.2 334.1
335.4
38.2
_
37.9
38.3
38.1
67.8
64.8
_
64.0
64.6
_
37.0
38.7
40.3
35.2
187.4
194.4
191.1
187.3
-

47.4
93.6

46.0
88.7

47.7
96.6

71
.
40
.

69
.
39
.
97
.

65
.
39
.

47.9
95.7

7.7
39
.

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

10.4
49.7
22.1
77.1
23.0
33.2
136.9

46.7
21.7
77.2
23.1
33.5
136.5

14.2
49.1
21.6
78.5
22.9
34.4
134.2

11.4
50.5
22.1
77.0
22.8
34.3
133.5

37.7
26.1

40.0
26.2

38.4
25.8

36.5
26.1

38.1

583.0
80.1
67.4
13.6
20.5
176.1
28.6
34.1
49.4
25.0
22.4
49.2
19.8
19.1
49.9
87.1
68.8
12.3
39.1

573.7
79.9
66.6
13.4
20.4
171.0
28.6
33.9
45.4
24.8
21.8
48.9
19.8
18.9
49.6
85.3
67.3
12.0
38.6

579.6
78.2
65.0
14.4
20.5
177.0
27.5
35.0
49.9
24.9
22.8
51.4
20.4
20.3
49.0
85.0
66.8
12.1
39.1

579.7
78.5
64.5
14.4
20.7
177.2
27.9
35.4
50.0
24.5
22.9
51.7
20.8
20.4
49.5
84.2
66.0
12.2
39.0

578.5

861.9
41.7
229.6
52.6
68.6
37.4
276.1
31.3
55.5
30.6
158.7

849.8
42.8
227.9
53.0
69.0
37.9
271.1
30.8
53.0
29.0
158.3

878.3
40.7
240.0
55.8
74.6
38.2
280.1
31.3
53.1
34.5
161.2

882.9
40.6
241.6
56.5
74.2
38.9
281.5
31.6
52.6
32.9
164.4

874.0

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
uode

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

All employees
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Production workers

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
I991 P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

62.6
50.8
11.8
56.5
24.2
44.2
201.6
23.1
56.5
46.1

61.4
49.6
11.8
56.1
24.2
42.0
198.1
22.5
54.9
45.9

62.8
51.4
11.4
57.5
23.5
43.9
204.5
22.6
57.1
48.8

62.5
51.0
11.5
58.2
23.7
43.9
205.6
22.6
57.7
49.9

_
_
-

51.1
43.1
8.0
47.7
21.1
36.5
164.6
19.0
47.1
37.2

50.1
42.1
8.0
47.4
21.1
34.2
162.1
18.5
45.6
37.1

51.5
43.5
8.0
49.0
20.8
36.0
166.9
18.7
48.2
39.8

51.2
43.1
8.1
49.7
21.1
36.0
168.3
18.8
48.8
40.9

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

26
262
263
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

697.3
178.0
51.2
210.7
118.9
15.8
50.8
243.7
46.1
35.6
26.5

695.8
178.5
51.2
209.7
118.4
16.0
50.4
242.5
46.4
35.6
26.7

691.8
176.5
49.7
209.6
118.9
15.6
50.1
242.2
45.6
35.8
25.5

691.0
176.4
49.7
209.4
119.2
15.5
49.9
241.8
45.8
35.8
25.5

691.4
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

523.3
134.4
39.8
163.0
89.1
13.3
41.0
175.6
22.2
26.7
20.6

521.6
134.9
39.8
162.1
88.8
13.4
40.7
174.1
22.5
26.7
20.7

521.4
134.3
38.4
163.3
89.5
13.5
40.8
174.7
22.3
26.5
19.7

521.1
134.3
38.5
163.1
89.9
13.4
40.5
174.5
22.4
26.7
19.7

521.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

1,573.9 1,573.0 1,526.1 1,528.8 1,533.7
_
477.0 475.8 459.4 460.0
_
124.2
129.9
129.8
124.8
_
116.7
120.2
122.1
117.3
_
85.6
84.9
81.8
82.1
35.2
35.3
36.5
34.9
_
81.7
83.3
82.5
81.9
_
551.9
539.8
553.2
536.8
_
367.7 366.8
356.4 359.0
_
167.7
163.2
167.9
162.8
48.4
49.8
49.8
48.3
_
69.0
70.9
70.3
69.3
61.4
64.0
64.2
61.6
-

871.0
166.6
48.1
63.2
34.6
28.6
41.6
402.1
267.2
120.8
34.8
54.4
46.9

870.7
166.6
47.8
65.1
35.3
29.8
41.7
401.0
266.5
120.6
34.8
53.9
46.7

841.1
159.8
44.7
62.2
33.7
28.5
39.8
388.4
257.7
116.5
33.6
52.8
44.7

842.6
160.3
44.1
62.9
34.0
28.9
39.8
390.3
259.1
117.0
33.8
52.6
44.2

847.6
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

1,091.1 1,093.4 1,089.5 1,087.1 1,090.8
138.2
141.9
138.3
141.1
92.6
95.5
94.9
92.6
179.8
177.7
179.6
177.6
85.4
85.8
86.0
85.3
61.7
63.8
63.5
61.8
249.7
239.9
242.2 249.3
_
205.9
198.7
200.4
205.5
158.3
155.1
160.3
157.2
44.1
44.7
44.0
44.9
45.3
45.5
45.3
45.6
_
68.8
65.1
70.1
67.5
_
60.9
60.7
59.0
58.5
_
154.3
153.2
153.2
154.2
_
27.7
27.7
28.2
28.3
121.1
122.5
122.5
121.1
_
56.2
56.2
55.5
55.6
98.7
98.5
100.5
99.7
-

595.6
72.3
49.9
113.8
50.3
43.1
105.9
89.6
96.5
28.2
24.5
43.8
30.7
83.4
16.6
64.0
33.7
59.3

594.9
71.3
49.6
113.3
50.4
42.7
106.6
90.3
97.9
29.1
24.2
44.6
30.5
83.3
16.5
64.0
33.8
58.2

580.1
64.2
44.4
109.3
50.2
39.5
108.2
92.1
96.7
28.0
25.2
43.5
30.2
78.4
16.4
59.3
34.1
59.0

575.9
64.4
44.4
109.3
50.0
39.4
107.8
91.6
93.9
28.2
24.7
41.0
29.8
77.6
16.6
58.4
34.0
59.1

579.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

159.3
118.6
27.8

156.7
118.9
25.1

160.8
120.6
27.4

158.9
120.0
26.2

155.5
_
-

104.3
75.5
21.3

101.2
75.4
18.6

104.4
76.4
21.1

102.4
75.8
19.8

99.5
_
-

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

880.5
87.0
11.2
60.1
24.2
101.9
620.3

874.2
87.2
11.1
60.0
24.1
100.7
615.2

869.7
83.9
11.7
58.0
23.0
96.8
619.3

866.3
83.9
11.1
58.1
23.1
96.1
617.1

860.7
_
_
_
_
_
-

680.0
63.4
9.0
43.5
18.1
76.5
487.6

673.6
63.5
8.9
43.5
18.2
75.3
482.4

671.1
62.3
9.5
42.3
17.4
72.8
484.2

668.9
62.9
9.0
42.4
17.5
72.4
482.2

664.6
_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.

92



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

Transportation

124.2
13.7
68.9
30.0
26.2
10.2
13.8

120.9
14.0
66.4
28.4
24.8
9.4
13.7

121.1
14.0
66.2
28.4
24.9
9.4
14.1

118.3

104.1
11.2
60.1
25.2
22.8
7.1
10.9

101.1
11.2
58.0
24.3
22.5
6.9
10.6

98.2
11.5
56.0
22.9
21.4
6.3
10.4

98.2
11.5
55.2
22.6
21.3
6.4
10.7

95.9

5,917

5,878

5,867

5,851

4,899

4,921

4,896

4,890

4,863

3,628

Transportation and public utilities

127.1
13.6
71.0
30.8
26.5
10.3
14.1
5,897

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

3,649

3,621

3,616

3,610

339.0
129.0

338.6
128.6

354.0
134.8

353.1
134.9

20.9

20.9

21.8

21.4

Railroad transportation
Class I railroads2

40
4011

277.0
238.5

272.5
234.2

268.8
230.8

265.3
227.8

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity and rural bus transportation
School buses

41
411
412
413
415

368.1
141.8
32.8
23.9
139.5

367.6
141.4
32.7
23.8
140.0

385.4
147.9
31.6
24.5
148.4

383.5
148.0
31.6
24.1
147.8

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air.
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

Water transportation
Water transportation of freight, nee
Water transportation services

44
444
449

166.1
15.3
102.8

170.8
15.1
107.9

173.0
14.9
106.3

173.5
15.0
108.6

Transportation by air
Air transportation, scheduled
Airports, flying fields, and services

45
451
458

774.2
648.6
98.8

773.9
647.8
99.2

749.3
622.1
99.5

748.0
620.7
100.2

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

18.4

18.5

19.3

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

47
472
4724
473

354.9
194.0
155.2
133.3

354.4
193.9
154.8
133.1

2,269

2,268

Communications and public utilities
Communications
Telephone communications
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting stations
Television broadcasting stations
Cable and other pay television services ...

48
481
483
4832
4833
484

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

90.1

95.1

93.8

96.4

19.3

13.5

13.7

14.4

14.4

352.4
192.1
152.4
132.8

352.8
191.3
152.0
133.4

153.4
121.8
107.5

152.7
120.8
107.1

149.2
118.1
105.6

148.2
117.0
106.5

2,257

2,251

975.7
649.3
195.5

977.3
650.9
195.1

977.1
652.1
190.9

974.5
647.9
192.5

108.5

109.4

112.4

112.7

762.0
351.0
128.8
154.7
103.8

761.7
351.2
128.9
154.2
103.7

764.3
350.1
128.3
149.2
112.1

764.1
350.9
128.1
148.1
112.6

2,241

1,305.8 1,304.1 1,286.9 1,280.7
903.3 902.0 888.0 880.7
236.4 235.8 230.0 231.3
120.0
117.2
120.2
117.7
112.8
115.8
113.6
116.2
133.1
130.0
133.3
129.2

50
501
5012
5013
502
5021
5023
503
5031
5039

962.9
454.6
165.0
192.1
120.9

963.5
455.1
164.9
192.0
121.3

970.0
454.6
164.7
189.4
130.0

969.8
454.2
164.5
189.2
130.8

6,193

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Motor vehicle supplies and new parts
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials ....
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee

1,455.0 1,476.7 1,458.3 1,458.9
1,350.6 1,375.1 1,349.5 1,351.2
100.9
98.1
104.2
105.3

1,668.8 1,690.8 1,672.6 1,673.8
1,543.0 1,568.0 1,543.2 1,544.9
121.7
125.0
125.4
118.8

6,172

6,065

6,048

6,023

4,970

4,949

4,863

4,850

3,606
456.6
120.0
267.0
149.8
68.7
81.1
231.4
118.8
43.5

3,600
456.0
120.3
266.4
148.8
68.4
80.4
228.5
117.9
43.0

3,490
449.7
119.6
261.0
141.5
63.9
77.6
226.5
116.6
43.4

3,484
449.8
120.6
260.9
141.5
64.1
77.4
225.2
116.7
43.0

3,474

2,861
367.6

2,855
367.5

2,762
361.3

2,759
361.7

120.7

119.5

112.5

113.0

187.7

184.6

183.5

181.7

4,828

See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wine and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
Farm supplies

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

504
5045
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5082
5083
5084
5085
509
5093

768.9
296.3
139.2
498.9
205.6
62.1
231.2
276.6
95.6
115.2
791.6
83.1
116.4
325.9
145.1
292.9
108.6

770.4
296.8
138.4
499.5
205.9
62.4
231.2
275.8
95.3
114.6
789.7
83.0
115.2
324.8
145.6
292.5
108.1

743.1
273.5
132.4
483.6
200.2
58.2
225.2
263.3
89.9
109.9
768.6
77.5
114.6
314.1
143.4
280.8
103.7

741.8
271.4
132.5
483.8
200.5
57.9
225.4
262.1
89.3
109.7
764.9
76.6
113.0
313.7
143.1
282.2
103.1

51
511
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191

2,587
240.3
189.2
204.5
853.8
275.4
62.2
101.3
136.6
199.1
84.2
114.9
152.7
95.9
56.8
486.1
154.6

2,572
240.4
189.3
201.6
847.7
275.8
62.2
99.5
137.1
198.6
83.9
114.7
153.1
96.1
57.0
482.3
152.3

2,575
235.8
189.3
205.6
843.2
270.8
61.4
100.1
135.4
192.9
83.2
109.7
154.9
98.3
56.6
493.5
160.1

19,950 20,182

19,288

oode
Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Professional and commercial equipment
Computers, peripherals and software
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, television and radio sets
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Construction and mining machinery
Farm and garden machinery
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
Scrap and waste materials

Production workers

All employees

Retail trade

759.7
420.9
161.5

753.8
415.1
163.1

747.0
412.7
161.8

Dec.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

619.7
_
109.4
373.6
_
_

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

-

618.7
_
109.8
372.1
_
_
222.1
_
628.0
_
_
_
234.4
-

2,564
235.7
189.0
206.3
840.5
271.7
62.0
96.7
135.3
191.9
82.2
109.7
155.4
97.9
57.5
490.0
155.6

2,549
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

2,109
194.2
159.0
161.5
716.0
_
_
_
97.8
157.8
_
_
125.8
_
_
393.8
-

2,094
194.1
158.7
159.0
710.5
_
_
_
98.0
157.1
_
_
126.0
_
_
390.6
-

2,101
190.3
158.6
161.9
707.1
_
_
_
99.8
154.9
_
126.5
_
_
399.7
-

2,091
190.4
157.9
163.5
703.2
_
_
_
100.2
154.2
_
_
126.7
_
_
396.2
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

19,522

19,775

17,687

17,915

17,007

17,239

17,475

740.4
408.9
162.1

_
_
-

628.8
353.8
133.0

623.3
348.4
134.3

613.8
345.2
132.3

607.4
341.4
132.8

_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
-

233.5
-

_
_
223.7
-

596.2
_
104.5
363.6
_
_
209.3
_
_
603.7
_
_
_
_
225.7
-

221.3
_
626.2
_
-

597.0
_
104.2
363.4
_
_
_
210.0
_
_
606.6

_

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

2,644.9 2,720.5 2,337.1 2,451.5 2,541.5 2,481.9 2,566.2 2,191.0 2,300.3
2,112.7 2,176.9 1,864.9 1,952.5
2,235.0 2,289.3 1,970.8 2,062.0
165.4
160.0
180.8
165.0
158.5
173.9
144.4
149.6
250.4
224.1
181.7
210.7
206.3
236.0
198.2
224.3
-

_
_
-

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat and fish markets
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
542
545
546

3,286.0 3,312.3 3,229.4 3,252.7 3,277.6 3,020.6 3,044.5 2,959.1 2,983.0
2,924.0 2,933.5 2,873.0 2,881.4
2,703.4 2,711.9 2,649.9 2,659.9
_
_
_
_
_
51.9
58.1
54.4
54.2
_
_
_
_
27.4
27.9
31.7
29.5
172.5
169.5
156.2
149.9
175.1
168.2
153.7
150.9
-

_
_
-

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

55
551
553
554
559

2,069.0 2,055.3 2,046.1 2,036.7 2,027.0 1,721.5 1,708.3 1,702.6 1,694.0
901.3
905.5
917.5
926.1
750.3
746.6
767.8
759.5
_
341.1
349.8
344.0
279.7
279.6
275.5
349.5
272.6
545.7
645.6 631.2 630.8
645.0
545.9
557.0
556.6
10.7
8.7
10.4
10.4
8.7
8.5
8.5
10.6
-

_
_
-

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

1,198.0 1,249.3 1,102.4 1,153.0
85.7
107.0
99.9
88.5
385.7
374.4
410.7
425.3
310.7
284.9
325.5
306.2
221.1
207.5
204.3
217.3

See footnotes at end of table.

94



_
_
-

1,006.7 1,055.9
87.7
80.7
342.7
356.8
284.8
266.0
180.9
178.2

905.6
69.7
308.9
245.3
154.7

954.4
72.3
320.3
269.2
157.6

_
_
_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
uode

Retail trade—Continued
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores

57
571
5712
572
573
5731
5735

Production workers

All employees
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

831.7
463.7
281.9
78.9
289.1
122.0
66.2

843.7
467.5
283.5
78.2
298.0
124.9
72.2

801.7
452.3
275.6
70.1
279.3
118.8
59.4

Nov.
1991P
816.5
456.0
276.3
71.7
288.8
123.4
63.3

Dec.
1991P

_
_
_
_
_
-

Nov.
1990

681.2
377.1
_
64.8
239.3
103.5
55.7

Dec.
1990

694.0
380.9
_
64.1
249.0
106.3
62.6

Oct.
1991
653.4
366.1
_
57.1
230.2
100.5
49.4

Nov.
1991P
667.5
370.2
_
58.4
238.9
105.0
52.8

Eating and drinking places

58
59
591
592
594
5941
5942
5943
5944
5947
5949
596
5961
5962
598
599

2,606.1 2,682.1 2,485.3 2,558.8
644.1 629.5
634.7
632.2
123.7
121.6
123.2
122.1
934.6 992.9
924.8
869.6
164.9
169.6
159.3
164.5
97.0
95.0
100.0
93.3
80.2
79.0
75.8
74.9
163.3
152.9
148.8
142.8
197.4
193.3 201.2
191.2
66.7
69.5
69.7
67.5
266.4
307.2 301.4 260.8
174.8
147.8
171.1
142.0
79.8
80.0
74.6
75.2
110.0
107.8
111.9
104.9
433.3
428.1 438.2 427.5

_
_
_
_
_
-

6,554.5 6,565.0 6,538.7 6,512.2 6,521.7 5,941.5 5,948.7 5,907.1 5,883.6

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods
Nonstore retailers
Catalog and mail-order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee

Dec.
1991P

Finance, insurance, and real estate3

_
_

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

6,716

6,714

6,677

6,671

6,678

4,854

4,849

4,813

4,811

4,821

3,295

Finance

3,296

3,269

3,272

3,282

-

-

-

-

-

2,270.8 2,270.9 2,237.6 2,235.9
1,567.2 1,569.0 1,547.8 1,545.2
666.0 659.6
666.3
658.4
445.6 443.0 430.8
430.9
232.7 223.2 222.9
235.1
210.3
208.0
207.6
210.5
136.7
136.0
139.6
139.2

_
_
_

Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
Savings institutions
Federal savings institutions
Savings institutions, except federal
Credit unions

60
602
6022
603
6035
6036
606

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers

61
614
615
616

372.5
128.1
80.4
153.3

373.3
129.1
80.6
152.9

375.5
125.1
79.2
160.6

376.8
125.2
80.2
160.8

_
_

Security and commodity brokers
Security brokers and dealers
Commodity contracts brokers, dealers, and
exchanges
Security and commodity services

62
621

422.9
320.8

422.1
320.1

427.1
325.2

429.0
327.3

24.2
77.9

24.1
77.9

21.2
80.7

Holding and other investment offices

67

228.4

229.8

63,64

2,122

2,125

Insurance

2,204.8 2,274.5 2,074.3 2,148.7
529.2
537.3
526.4
545.1
_
_
_
_
779.1
723.9
849.4
789.8
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
233.0
227.0
269.1
274.3
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
89.9
91.6
86.9
93.5
357.4
353.5
351.1
356.8

622,3
628

_
_
-

_
_
_

1,642.1 1,643.1 1,616.2 1,615.7
1,111.8 1,114.1 1,096.0 1,094.4
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
109.5
108.8
111.5
111.3

_
_
-

-

270.2
96.0
_
-

270.8
96.9
_
-

275.0
93.9
_
-

277.0
94.2
_
-

_
_
_
-

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

20.9
80.8

_
-

_
48.5

_
48.4

_
51.8

_
51.9

-

229.1

230.7

-

-

-

-

-

2,116

2,116

2,115

-

-

-

-

_
_
_
-

981.0
327.1
200.5
366.1
-

983.2
328.2
201.1
367.2
-

975.1
313.6
209.9
365.2
-

975.7
313.5
210.5
364.8
-

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
Title insurance

63
631
632
633
636

Insurance agents, brokers, and service

64

665.2

665.0

664.5

664.5

-

-

-

-

1,299
561.9
563.6
143.4

1,293
563.5
561.2
138.7

1,292
560.4
557.9
143.7

1,283
559.8
554.3
139.0

1,281
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

-

65
651
653
655

_

Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

1,456.8 1,460.0 1,451.3 1,451.6
537.7
526.1
525.8
535.9
258.1
247.8 257.3
246.6
561.0
562.1
558.8
558.5
53.4
58.9
53.5
57.8

_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers

All employees
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

28,501 28,435 29,106 29,009 28,960 24,864 24,786 25,381 25,289 25,239

Services

_
_

_
_
_
_
1,373.7 1,358.8 1,372.7 1,336.6

_
_

Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels and motels

70
701

1,598.1 1,580.7 1,602.6 1,560.6
1,556.2 1,540.9 1,554.2 1,516.3

Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
Miscellaneous personal services

72
721
722
723
726
729

1,100.4 1,111.5 1,104.4 1,106.1
430.4
430.9
439.1
439.8
77.8
80.3
74.0
71.1
381.0 388.3
389.6
378.6
85.0
85.1
84.6
83.6
98.7
97.2
99.7
111.5

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Prepackaged software
Data processing and preparation

73
731
7311
732
733
734
736
7361
7363
737
7371
7372
7374

5,327.7 5,291.4 5,444.1 5,387.1 5,360.4 4,681.4 4,639.5 4,781.7 4,728.2
230.1
237.6
230.0
168.9
237.8
168.3
161.4
161.0
_
_.
161.2
161.5
168.2
168.5
_
_
_
107.4
115.3
114.5
107.2
_
_
273.7
272.4
255.8
254.8
_
774.1
798.2
784.0
729.9
805.8
721.9
704.9
696.5
_
_
_
_
1,582.2 1,547 9 1,620.5 1,574.7
_
_
_
_
254.6
267.4
258.6
265.3
_
1,269.9 1,241.8 1,307.3 1,275.7
1,316.9 1,289.3 1,353.1 1,320.1
804.9
799.4
853.0
848.7
624.8
629.3
669.6
676.2
169.9
160.1
158.7
126.7
169.3
125.6
135.9
135.1
_
_
_
_
130.7
130.2
117.0
116.2
203.8
211.2
209.2
201.6
-

_
_
_
-

738
7381
7384

1,328.2 1,330.9 1,365.1 1,360.4
493.4
474.3
492.1
477.5
83.4
84.2
84.6
85.6

_
-

_
-

Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Photofinishing laboratories

390.3
_
-

339.5
_
85.7

389.6
_
342.1
96.6

380.5
_
348.9
_
84.1

380.6
_
349.7
_
82.8

1,176.4 1,175.8 1,205.7 1,200.3
449.3
461.7
445.1
460.2
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Automotive repair shops

75
751
753

928.3
182.3
533.5

923.8
182.0
531.9

915.1
181.4
525.2

913.3
180.8
524.4

_
_
-

766.9
_
437.1

763.4
_
435.3

752.5
_
427.1

750.1
_
425.9

_
_
-

Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops

76
762

390.1
119.0

389.8
119.6

381.2
124.4

375.0
123.5

_

319.7
-

318.3
-

310.5
-

305.3
-

_

-

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters

78
781
783

410.3
161.5
105.4

414.6
161.8
108.4

384.9
149.2
102.1

393.7
156.4
101.9

-

344.7
132.4
-

346.0
130.1
-

315.6
118.3
-

322.3
123.4
-

_
_
-

Amusement and recreation services
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

79
799
7991
7997

1,002.2 1,017.1 1,069.0 1,022.1
641.8
649.3
681.1
634.2
123.1
124.5
126.0
125.1
261.9
243.7
248.3
244.3

_
_
_
-

871.2
550.1
111.6
213.3

888.2
565.5
111.9
214.0

930.8
593.0
108.8
228.8

885.7
553.8
112.0
215.3

_
_
_
-

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners..
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Home health care services

80
801
802
804
805
8051
8052
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808

7,990.7
1,381.7
516.2
285.0
1,449.9
993.9
208.4
247.6
3,590.1
3,304.7
104.8
180.6
176.1
304.5

8,025.7
1,392.4
517.9
287.7
1,457.2
997.5
209.8
249.9
3,595.2
3,309.1
105.0
181.1
177.9
307.8

8,356.4
1,452.5
533.9
303.8
1,537.7
1,051.7
221.9
264.1
3,690.5
3,395.9
101.3
193.3
189.7
342.1

8,390.0 8,434.2 7,105.1 7,134.5 7,424.7
_
1,455.1
1,140.5 1,148.9 1,192.7
_
535.6
452.9
453.8
468.8
306.9
237.2
236.3
250.1
_
1,547.1
1,310.0 1,317.2 1,387.5
_
_
_
1,058.4
_
188.4
223.3
187.2
199.6
_
_
_
265.4
_
3,699.3
3,288.5 3,293.3 3,387.1
3,403.3
101.4
_
_
194.6
_
_
189.4
348.5
281.7
284.6
316.3
-

7,457.3
1,194.0
469.6
253.0
1,397.2
200.7
_
3,396.9
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Legal services

81

924.0

923.9

924.4

Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Vocational schools

82
821
822
824

See footnotes at end of table.

96




-

_
_
322.8

_
_
_
-

926.4

-

759.7

757.9

751.7

753.0

-

1,786.2 1,751.2 1,788.2 1,809.3
469.7
485.3
481.3
470.5
1,104.8 1,073.4 1,102.9 1,120.6
83.5
83.7
89.4
90.8

_
_
-

_

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
-

_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care

1987
SIC
Code

83
832
833
835
836

Production workers1

All employees
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

1,869.5 1,881.3 1,995.8 2,013.0
470.7 474.7
496.6 500.1
241.2 240.3 240.6
241.6
490.0 491.4
536.0 540.8
489.9 494.8
534.0 538.9
65.4

65.1

Nov.
1990

432.5

Dec.
1990

433.3

Oct.
1991

475.1

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

479.6

66.0

Museums and botanical and zoological gardens

84

Membership organizations
Business associations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations

86
861
863
864

1,933.3 1,936.1 1,934.3 1,932.5
105.2
105.1
101.8
99.9
139.5
136.3 136.1
136.7
416.2 417.6 419.7 420.8

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Engineering services
Architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations

87
871
8711
8712
872
873
8731
8733
874

2,496.1 2,485.4 2,455.8 2,453.9
787.6 781.1 756.9 751.7
611.9 606.9 590.5 586.9
126.0 125.8 119.2 118.3
527.0 525.7 510.8 512.4
555.9 552.4 553.3 557.4
233.6 232.7 233.2 233.2
145.9 147.2 148.6 150.6
625.6 626.2 634.8 632.4

Services, nee

89

68.0

18,754 18,653

Government
4

Federal Government

37.8

36.7
18,712

38.0

2,949
4

2,968

455.5

465.9

462.0

30.0

36.3

456.0
29.9

28.9

28.5

18,866 18,829
2,964

2,971

2,888.4 2,879.2 2,904.3
926.7
920.1
918.9
811.5
824.2 799.7
1,150.2 1,134.9 1,185.7
37.3
37.0
38.5
23.5
23.7
25.6

Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial
Federal Government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Ship building and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

2,940

1,897.3 1,887.7 1,866.7 1,864.8
645.8 640.3 622.4 616.4
505.9 502.1 490.9 486.4
98.9
93.1
99.4
92.1
391.1 390.9 372.9 373.8
404.9 400.5 405.5 412.6

3731

111.9
65.7

111.4
65.1

108.2
61.8

108.2
61.8

806

36.6
399.1
233.8

35.3
397.3
233.5

35.2
407.3
241.7

34.6
405.6
242.1

4,471
431.7

State government
806
Hospitals
82
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions

4,430
4,436 4,466
432.6 424.0
424.8
1,888.9 1,848.8 1,862.5 1,898.7

Local government
Transportation and public utilities
806
Hospitals
82
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions

11,334 11,283 11,308 11,436 11,423
458.1 457.3
455.8 455.0
664.8 666.1
689.3
692.0
6,477.3 6,469.7 6,412.8 6,527.3

1,652.5 1,650.9 1,657.2 1,652.7

3,420.2 3,383.6 3,431.4 3,448.8

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to
civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and




4,435

the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are subject to
revision.

97

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Sept.
1990

Oct.
1990

Aug.
1991

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991

52,314

52,730

51,558

52,337

52,768

42,695

42,731

42,568

42,644

42,687

7,002

6,958

6,778

6,775

6,753

97

95

100

98

97

563

561

550

545

541

6,342

6,302

6,128

6,132

6,115

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,962
120
159
110
103
318
447
708
406
413
179

2,953
118
159
110
102
317
448
705
402
412
179

2,809
114
147
106
99
299
430
671
374
398
171

2,812
114
147
106
98
302
430
668
376
397
173

2,809
112
148
106
97
301
430
668
376
397
175

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,380
586
18
337
826
174
689
333
26
314
78

3,349
568
18
331
821
173
691
330
26
313
76

3,319
589
17
328
810
173
672
335
27
298
71

3,320
587
18
329
817
171
671
333
26
299
70

3,306
564
18
329
823
170
671
333
26
302
69

45,312

45,772

44,780

45,562

46,015

Transportation and public utilities

1,736

1,744

1,695

1,736

1,738

Wholesale trade

1,910

1,915

1,861

1,864

1,868

10,487

10,478

10,321

10,283

10,251

4,272

4,260

4,283

4,250

4,238

17,288

17,376

17,630

17,736

17,839

9,619
1,240
2,120
6,259

9,999
1,233
2,214
6,552

8,990
1,235
2,037
5,718

9,693
1,227
2,118
6,348

10,081
1,225
2,209
6,647

Industry

Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are

98




introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1991
Industry
Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

108,971

109,621

109,418

109,160

108,902

108,736

108,887

108,885

108,859

Total private ...

91,268

91,053

90,771

90,495

90,312

90,447

90,429

90,439

Goods-producing .

24,375

24,181

24,039

23,877

23,794

23,847

23,792

23,798

715
399

713
399

715
401

714
402

710
400

706
399

704
398

701
394

4,911
1,237

4,797
1,221

4,792
1,210

4,720
1,196

4,688
1,184

4,715
1,177

4,710
1,172

4,695
1,170

Total.

Mining
Oil and gas extraction ....
Construction
General building contractors .
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products .
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment.
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

Sept.

Oct.

NOV.P

Dec.P

108,808

108,839

90,642

90,606

90,343

90,308

23,826

23,797

23,727

23,595

23,572

693
390

684
385

679
382

674
377

670
375

4,691
1,165

4,699
1,161

4,671
1,151

4,583
1,138

4,596
1,142

109,066 109,073

18,749

18,671

18,532

18,443

18,396

18,426

18,378

18,402

18,442

18,414

18,377

18,338

18,306

10,828
714
493
539
742
273
1,395
2,054
1,628
1,902
770
989
372

10,770
706
490
532
740
271
1,389
2,048
1,621
1,888
763
985
371

10,652
696
482
527
726
264
1,365
2,036
1,611
1,859
746
982
368

10,584
692
479
520
724
262
1,356
2,024
1,599
1,846
738
978
366

10,560
692
481
521
723
263
1,353
2,007
1,597
1,846
754
976
364

10,575
697
483
519
721
261
1,354
2,003
1,599
1,863
780
973
363

10,534
696
483
518
718
260
1,358
1,990
1,594
1,845
770
969
363

10,546
699
478
520
721
260
1,359
1,984
1,589
1,861
791
968
367

10,553
700
483
523
722
260
1,361
1,980
1,585
1,868
797
966
365

10,531
696
482
522
719
260
1,358
1,980
1,581
1,861
795
967
365

10,493
698
481
523
713
258
1,356
1,968
1,573
1,850
789
964
367

10,459
697
480
517
710
256
1,351
1,955
1,572
1,851
798
960
366

10,425
699
All
516
707
256
1,346
1,947
1,572
1,837
791
955
369

7,921
1,672
49
671
1,017
695
1,565
1,095
159
873
125

7,901
1,673
49
667
1,012
696
1,560
1,094
158
868
124

7,880
1,679
49
661
1,010
694
1,553
1,093
158
861
122

7,859
1,679
48
660
1,009
693
1,548
1,091
158
852
121

7,836
1,673
48
660
1,005
691
1,542
1,089
159
849
120

7,851
1,677
48
665
1,013
690
1,540
1,086
159
854
119

7,844
1,677
48
665
1,017
687
1,531
1,086
159
854
120

7,856
1,660
49
671
1,032
689
1,532
1,084
159
857
123

7,889
1,685
50
670
1,031
692
1,531
1,088
160
861
121

7,883
1,676
49
670
1,034
692
1,530
1,090
159
862
121

7,884
1,672
48
672
1,039
691
1,528
1,092
159
864
119

7,879
1,671
47
673
1,043
691
1,523
1,090
158
863
120

7,881
1,670
48
676
1,044
691
1,525
1,092
157
859
119

85,246

85,237

85,121

85,025

84,942

85,040

85,093

85,061

85,145

85,269

85,346

85,213

85,267

Transportation and public utilities ..
Transportation
Communications and public utilities .

5,867
3,595
2,272

5,866
3,591
2,275

5,834
3,562
2,272

5,824
3,549
2,275

5,814
3,544
2,270

5,819
3,556
2,263

5,809
3,546
2,263

5,809
3,550
2,259

5,820
3,564
2,256

5,829
3,569
2,260

5,828
3,571
2,257

5,819
3,566
2,253

5,796
3,553
2,243

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods .

6J66
3,596
2,570

6,138
3,576
2,562

6,119
3,562
2,557

6,105
3,550
2,555

6,086
3,535
2,551

6,085
3,528
2,557

6,068
3,517
2,551

6,064
3,509
2,555

6,050
3,500
2,550

6,049
3,495
2,554

6,047
3,490
2,557

6,032
3,481
2,551

6,017
3,471
2,546

19,579
2,444
3,242
2,067
6,601

19,542
2,431
3,243
2,053
6,608

19,464
2,415
3,237
2,042
6,582

19,378
2,396
3,245
2,036
6,561

19,324
2,372
3,226
2,031
6,560

19,339
2,356
3,225
2,031
6,571

19,345
2,358
3,229
2,034
6,571

19,347
2,347
3,232
2,038
6,578

19,343
2,349
3,227
2,038
6,563

19,338
2,342
3,226
2,035
6,569

19,288
2,321
3,220
2,038
6,558

19,196
2,287
3,211
2,037
6,552

19,180
2,283
3,207
2,037
6,554

6,733
3,296
2,128
1,309

6,736
3,296
2,136
1,304

6,732
3,295
2,137
1,300

6,735
3,297
2,140
1,298

6,718
3,292
2,134
1,292

6,712
3,287
2,132
1,293

6,703
3,281
2,130
1,292

6,688
3,275
2,122
1,291

6,687
3,276
2,123
1,288

6,692
3,283
2,122
1,287

6,697
3,282
2,122
1,293

6,692
3,275
2,122
1,295

3,282
2,117
1,297

Services
Business services ...
Health services

28,548
5,275
8,032

28,590
5,271
8,061

28,583
5,256
8,089

28,576
5,254
8,114

28,576
5,257
8,147

28,645
5,278
8,165

28,712
5,280
8,206

28,733
5,280
8,249

28,831
5,321
8,289

28,937
5,336
8,321

29,019
5,374
8,365

29,009
5,339
8,398

29,047
5,339
8,443

Government .
Federal
State
Local

18,353
2,948
4,347
11,058

18,365
2,952
4,352
11,061

18,389
2,951
4,354
11,084

18,407
2,951
4,359
11,097

18,424
2,953
4,352
11,119

18,440
2,952
4,348
11,140

18,456
2,971
4,359
11,126

18,420
2,963
4,338
11,119

18,414
2,967
4,337
11,110

18,424
2,979
4,328
11,117

18,467
2,983
4,332
11,152

18,465
2,979
4,340
11,146

18,531
2,980
4,352
11,199

Service-producing .

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations .
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1990




benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally
adjusted data from January 1987 forward are subject to revision.

99

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1990

1991

Industry
Oct.

Total
Total private

Nov.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

52,372 52,349 52,319 52,355 52,264 52,207 52,149 52,227 52,261 52,329 52,405 52,402 52,425
42,579 42,540 42,500 42,527 42,415 42,344 42,275 42,344 42,355 42,385 42,483 42,540 42,547
6,894

6,844

6,826

6,802

6,762

6,723

6,701

6,703

6,694

6,699

6,714

6,704

6,692

95

96

97

97

98

98

98

98

98

98

99

98

97

553

551

550

548

544

542

540

541

541

539

538

537

534

6,246

6,197

6,179

6,157

6,120

6,083

6,063

6,064

6,055

6,062

6,077

6,069

6,061

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,936
117
157
109
102
315
449
701
401
411
174

2,904
116
154
108
102
311
446
696
389
409
173

2,892
115
153
107
101
310
444
692
389
408
173

2,879
114
152
106
101
308
444
688
386
407
173

2,853
111
149
106
99
303
441
686
379
407
172

2,828
109
148
104
99
300
439
678
375
405
171

2,819
110
148
104
98
300
436
676
374
404
169

2,817
110
148
104
98
299
435
676
377
402
168

2,806
111
149
103
97
300
432
673
374
399
168

2,807
111
146
103
99
299
432
673
375
399
170

2,806
112
148
105
98
299
432
670
376
397
169

2,802
112
147
105
98
300
433
666
375
397
169

2,794
112
147
105
97
299
431
664
374
396
169

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,310
543
16
330
814
172
693
331

3,293
540
16
330
807
172
692
330

3,278
542
16
327
800
172
690
330

3,267
544
16
324
798
171
686
331

3,255
543
16
322
796
171
684
330

3,244 3,247
543
541
16
16
3231
326
791
797
170
169
681
679
329
329

3,249
542
16
325
801
169
675
329

3,255
533
16
326
813
170
676
328

3,271
549
17
326
810
170
674
331

3,267
544
16
326
812
170
675
331

O

0

3,287
542
17
328
803
171
692
331

302
73

299
71

295
71

296
71

O

O

297
69

3,267
539
16
327
816
169
673
334
(1)
299
68

Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

310
75

306
74

O
304
73

O

O

O

O

295
70

O

294
70

O

O

298
70

298
69

45,478 45,505 45,493 45,553 45,502 45,484 45,448 45,524 45,567 45,630 45,691 45,698 45,733

Transportation and public utilities

1,731

1,736

1,739

1,745

1,731

1,732

1,726

1,727

1,718

1,711

1,716

1,726

1,726

Wholesale trade

1,903

1,898

1,892

1,883

1,878

1,870

1,865

1,866

1,859

1,861

1,859

1,858

1,855

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

Government
Federal
State
Local

10,446 10,432 10,388 10,411 10,348 10,308 10,265 10,285 10,281 10,284 10,280 10,262 10,220
4,273

4,270

4,262




4,271

4,272

4,268

4,261

4,255

4,251

4,249

4,254

4,251

17,332 17,360 17,393 17,415 17,425 17,439 17,450 17,502 17,548 17,579 17,665 17,736 17,803
9,793
1,231
2,161
6,401

9,809
1,225
2,167
6,417

9,819
1,220
2,169
6,430

1
This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal
components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components
and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

100

4,271

9,828
1,222
2,173
6,433

9,849
1,226
2,174
6,449

9,863
1,227
2,176
6,460

9,874
1,230
2,175
6,469

9,883
1,228
2,173
6,482

9,906
1,230
2,184
6,492

9,944
1,218
2,174
6,552

9,922
1,223
2,172
6,527

9,862
1,223
2,155
6,484

9,878
1,223
2,157
6,498

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1987 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally
adjusted
(In thousands)
1990

1991

Industry
Dec.

Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.p

Dec.1

73,841 73,666 73,378 73,172 72,983 73,121 73,147 73,196 73,265 73,338 73,302 73,080 73,028
16,958

16,787 16,658

16,534

16,477 16,530

16,507 16,535 16,563 16,531 16,493 16,361 16,360

513

511

512

511

509

503

500

499

490

484

481

475

471

3,773

3,672

3,658

3,599

3,565

3,598

3,597

3,588

3,585

3,591

3,577

3,483

3,498

12,672 12,604 12,488

12,424

12,403

12,429

12,410

12,448 12,488 12,456 12,435 12,403 12,391

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

7,148
585
386
419
562
209
1,024
1,228
1,022
1,168
582
486
268

7,098
578
384
411
559
207
1,018
1,223
1,014
1,158
577
486
267

7,000
569
377
406
548
201
994
1,215
1,007
1,135
561
484
265

6,956
564
375
400
546
199
990
1,209
1,000
1,125
553
485
262

6,948
566
377
401
544
200
989
1,198
1,001
1,130
567
481
261

6,964
570
378
400
544
199
990
1,191
1,005
1,148
592
478
260

6,943
570
379
400
541
198
992
1,183
1,004
1,139
588
475
260

6,971
573
375
401
544
197
995
1,177
1,005
1,163
611
474
264

6,983
574
379
404
545
198
995
1,179
1,004
1,169
615
471
263

6,954
571
379
404
542
198
995
1,176
997
1,159
610
468
263

6,933
573
379
404
538
196
993
1,168
994
1,153
605
466
265

6,910
573
377
399
535
193
989
1,156
993
1,156
614
467
265

6,893
573
376
398
534
194
986
1,152
996
1,144
609
467
267

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

5,524
1,206
36
574
850
521
864
596
103
672
102

5,506
1,208
36
571
844
522
860
594
102
668
101

5,488
1,213
36
565
843
522
855
592
102
660
100

5,468
1,213
35
564
842
521
851
591
102
651

5,455
1,207
35
565
840
519
849
591
103
649

5,465
1,211
36
570
847
519
844
585
102
654

5,467
1,213
36
571
850
517
841
583
103
656

5,505
1,220
38
574
863
521
843
583
103
662

5,502
1,216
37
574
865
521
845
580
103
663

5,502
1,211
36
577
869
520
844
581
102
665

5,493
1,208
35
576
874
520
838
578
102
665

5,498
1,209
35
579
873
521
840
580
101
663

98

97

97

5,477
1,197
36
575
867
517
845
580
103
658
99

97

98

98

97

97

97

Service-producing

56,883 56,879 56,720

Transportation and public utilities

4,868

4,869

4,840

Wholesale trade

4,946

4,924

4,904

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

17,321
4,863

17,277 17,202
4,869

4,863

24,885 24,940 24,911

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.




56,638 56,506 56,591 56,640
4,834

4,825

4,894

4,879

4,834
4,878

17,132 17,072 17,083
4,862

4,851

4,854

4,825
4,864
17,081
4,851

24,916 24,879 24,942 25,019

56,661
56,702 56,807 56,809 56,719 56,668
4,834
4,836

4,847

4,843

4,842

4,810

4,843

4,850

4,844

4,835

4,823

4,861
17,078

17,067 17,061 16,990 16,918 16,884

4,837
4,826
25,051

4,829

4,827

4,835

4,836

25,130 25,220 25,305 25,289 25,315

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1987 forward are subject to revision.

101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
DIFFUSION INDEXES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

June

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1

Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries
Over 1-month span:
1989
1990
1991

64.5
58.1
38.5

59.0
58.1
36.9

58.7
52.2
38.6

53.9
48.7
38.5

52.7
52.8
51.1

53.8
48.3
45.8

52.9
46.6
51.3

54.6
47.8
54.8

49.2
45.1
50.0

56.6
41.4
48.3

59.6
40.3
P44.5

Over 3-month span:
1989
1990
1991

67.6
58.8
31.6

65.2
59.0
30.8

61.1
54.4
30.3

56.2
50.7
38.3

54.5
48.7
39.5

53.9
49.4
48.9

54.9
45.6
51.7

52.5
43.7
52.9

55.9
40.0
50.1

56.0
37.4
P42.8

55.8
35.8
P41.7

59.1
35 1

Over 6-month span:
1989
1990
1991

67.7
56.6
26.7

65.0
55.2
31.2

63.3
55.2
29.5

59.0
51.8
34.3

56.5
47.6
41.2

53.4
44.9
45.8

54.5
42.7
49.9

53.8
37.2
48.0

58.1
34.8

57.9
30.9

59.1
28.8

Over 12-month span:
1989
1990
1991

65.3
54.6
30.2

65.2
54.5
30.6

62.2
51.4
30.3

61.5
48.3
32.7

61.5
46.6
P33.0

59.6
43.5
P32.4

57.6
40.3

55.8
34.1

56.0
30.6

55.5
32.0

55.6
30.2

48.2
34.5
45.3

48.6
27.3
P41.0

45.3
33 8
P46.4

41.0
23.0
37.4

41.0
21.6
P38.8

41.7
18.3

p

55.9
38.6
46.2

56.7
35.3

p

p

52.1
42.0
47.2

Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries'
Over 1-month span:
1989
1990
1991

Over 3-month span:
1989
1990
1991

58.6
46 0
31.7

Over 6-month span:
1989
1990
1991

Over 12-month span:
1989
1990
1991

.. ..

48.9
41.4
29.9

47.5
47.8
38.5

47.1
41.7
46.8

44.2
39.6
46.0

44.2
43.2
53.2

45.7
40.3
53.2

38.8
38.8
43.5

56.5
45.0
19.4

54.3
43.2
16.5

49.3
45.0
18.0

43.5
38.1
30.2

42.8
38.1
36.3

42.1
37.4
48.9

40.3
35.6
57.2

36.3
31.3
55.0

39.9
27.0
46.0

57.9
39.9
104

...

50.7
51 1
28.4

51.8
36.7
173

48.6
37.1
19.4

45.0
40.3
23.4

41.7
32.4
38.5

38.1
30.6
43.5

38.1
24.1
49.6

38.1
20.5
45.0

35.6
21.2
P47.8

38.8
17.3

39.6
16.2

39.6
11.9

53.6
35.3
13.3

56.1
33.5
14.7

51.8
31.3
14.7

46.4
29.5
18.0

44.6
25.2
P21.6

41.7
20.9
21.9

38.1
19.8

35.3
14.0

34.9
12.9

36.3
10.1

32.4
11.2

32.7
10.4

1
Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and
unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus
one half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent

102




p

P

p

indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data (beginning April 1990) and all seasonally
adjusted data (beginning January 1987) are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area
Nov.
1990
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery

Tuscaloosa

Oct.
1991

1,653.1
425.9
137.3
180.1
138.1
67.6

1,643.1
421.7
134.9
181.3
134.5
67.1

Nov.
1991*
1,646.5
421.8
135.3
182.7
134.9
67.2

Nov.
1990

0
O

9

9
3.5

12.7
5.5

12.6
5.5

13.2
5.9

O

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1991

(1)

3.4

3.3

80.6
23.5
5.4
11.1
7.5
4.3

Oct.
1991
78.5
22.1
5.0
11.3
7.3
3.8

Nov.
1991 p
77.8
22.0
4.9
11.4
7.2
3.8

231.1

242.2

237.0

11.7

11.3

10.9

10.3

12.1

10.1

1,528.7
1,010.9
259.6

1,535.6
1,007.8
265.6

1,541.4
1,010.9
267.5

12.6
.7
2.2

13.2
.7
2.4

13.2
.7
2.4

82.8
55.6
14.8

80.7
52.5
15.4

80.9
52.8
15.6

940.0
57.4
80.1
256.5
34.4

972.0
57.3
80.4
260.3
34.7

971.0
57.3
80.7
260.6
34.5

3.8

37.9
1.7
2.7
10.9
1.4

40.8
1.9
3.0
12.1
1.1

39.9
1.8
3.0
11.8
1.1

12,989.4
1,226.3
173.4
239.5
4,324.7
121.5
918.1
237.1
757.8
637.4
114.0
1,002.0
987.5
834.4
153.3
150.2
156.5
143.0

12,846.9
1,210.9
175.1
243.7
4,260.9
122.0
909.2
232.4
761.3
633.2
113.6
985.2
981.0
821.5
151.5
152.5
160.9
144.4

12,854.1
1,209.3
175.8
241.7
4,275.6
119.5
912.4
231.6
760.2
634.4
113.0
984.2
984.7
820.2
151.8
152.3
157.7
143.5

629.6
62.6
11.3
14.2
150.0
8.2
50.6
16.8
61.7
39.3
4.4
57.6
37.9
33.1
7.3
10.8
9.3
12.4

613.9
60.5
11.4
14.0
149.1
7.9
49.4
16.4
58.6
37.2
4.3
56.6
37.3
32.7
7.1
10.3
9.0
12.1

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,547.1
120.8
852.0

1,564.6
120.8
865.3

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

1,651.9
193.2
480.0
64.5
261.7
121.1
85.2

Alaska
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

4.1
(1)
.9

3.9

O

.8

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

O

.8

9
36.4
1.1
13.6
.6
8.0

3.0
2.2
1.4
.6
.3
.7
.6
.2
1.2
.5
.1
.6

3.0
1.9
1.3
.5
.3
.7
.6
.3
1.2
.5
.1
.6

3.0
1.9
1.3
.5
.3
.7
.6
.3
1.2
.5
.1
.6

657.3
64.7
11.3
15.0
159.5
8.2
52.5
17.4
65.4
40.1
4.6
60.6
38.6
34.3
7.3
11.0
9.6
11.8

1,570.2
120.8
869.4

20.2
(1)
10.9

19.0
(1)
11.0

19.0
(1)
10.9

65.5
3.7
34.9

71.7
4.1
37.4

68.7
3.9
36.6

1,590.5
185.1
455.4
61.7
250.8
117.5
79.6

1,591.8
185.2
456.9
62.1
252.3
117.6
80.2

.7

ft
0
(2)
(1)
0)
(2)

62.5
7.1
16.4
4.5
9.6
4.3
3.7

53.6
6.1
13.9
4.2
8.2
3.8
3.1

50.4
5.8
13.2
4.1
7.5
3.6
3.0

343.9
297.6

343.1
296.3

342.7
296.5

.1
.2

.1
.2

.1
.2

19.8
17.4

18.9
16.1

18.2
15.6

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

687.1
2,249.0

676.7
2,204.5

676.9
2,209.0

.1
1.2

.1
1.1

.1
1.1

14.7
130.9

12.3
116.5

12.1
113.6

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ..
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melboume-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach .

5,449.3
125.7
522.5
132.1
103.7
431.1
158.6
166.1
893.2
571.1
131.2
120.4
128.0
891.9
366.6

5,336.0
124.9
509.2
133.3
103.1
427.7
157.1
160.1
857.1
561.2
131.8
119.1
128.4
888.1
353.0

5,383.8
124.7
514.1
135.5
103.2
429.9
158.4
161.1
862.2
562.6
132.9
120.2
129.0
892.7
360.6

7.5

310.0
7.9
33.5
12.8
4.0
24.5
9.0
9.0
38.0
35.9
7.5
9.4
5.6
48.6
24.8

259.8
7.3
27.9
12.1
3.8
22.4
7.6
8.0
33.1
32.5
7.9
8.0
5.2
39.8
20.9

258.2
7.0
27.3
12.0
3.8
22.5
7.5
8.2
32.8
31.8
8.0
8.1
5.2
39.6
20.6

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington

37.0
1.1
13.8
.6
8.1

38.8
1.3
14.3
.6
8.4

(2)

(2)

(2)

.8

1.0

(2)

(1)

9

(1)
(1)

7.7

8.3
(2)

0
0)
(2)

(2)

(2)

.2

.2

.2
(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

.7
3.8

2

()
.8

.8
.4

.8
(2)

(2)

(2)

.6
3.5

.6
3.5
(2)

(2)

.4

.4

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

.6
(2)

.4

.5
(2)

<•>

See footnotes at end of table.




103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
Dublic utilitiesi
1

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Nov.
1990
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

384.1
57.3
33.4
27.7
18.2
10.1

Oct.
1991
380.4
55.3
32.2
28.2
17.4
10.4

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

381.0
55.3
32.2
28.2
17.5
10.4

83.8
32.4
3.2
10.0
5.9
2.1

Oct.
1991
84.0
31.4
3.1
10.9
5.7
2.1

Nov.
1991P
83.4
30.8
3.0
10.9
5.6
2.1

Nov.
1990
361.5
100.8
25.8
47.9
31.6
14.5

Oct.
1991
351.0
97.4
24.8
46.7
29.7
14.4

Nov.
1991P
355.0
98.3
25.1
47.8
30.0
14.6

12.2

13.9

13.1

20.0

21.8

20.8

46.1

47.3

47.0

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

184.9
137.4
26.4

178.8
132.6
25.2

177.8
131.5
25.3

83.2
59.8
9.5

80.3
55.8
10.6

81.1
56.3
10.6

382.2
257.7
61.8

379.0
255.8
61.7

384.0
258.6
62.8

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

232.8
14.0
24.3
33.4
6.2

238.7
14.1
24.4
33.2
6.7

238.4
14.2
24.7
32.9
6.6

57.3
5.0
4.8
16.6
2.8

59.2
4.6
4.8
16.3
2.8

59.0
4.7
4.8
16.2
2.8

209.9
12.6
16.9
62.0
7.5

214.2
12.5
16.2
62.0
7.4

215.4
12.6
16.2
62.8
7.4

2,097.8
252.8
11.0
26.7
844.2
25.0
113.7
31.9
90.9
45.4
10.4
135.5
79.3
261.5
21.9
22.0
23.8
12.9

2,030.8
243.8
10.8
28.4
803.2
26.2
111.6
30.2
88.6
45.4
10.4
131.1
79.3
253.8
21.2
22.2
25.9
12.7

2,013.5
242.3
10.7
26.8
802.0
24.0
111.2
29.3
87.8
44.4
10.0
130.7
79.7
251.2
21.0
21.6
23.9
12.4

634.2
38.2
8.5
13.4
223.8
5.4
62.7
12.2
35.9
28.7
4.7
37.3
78.6
23.3
5.5
7.0
8.8
5.1

629.8
38.3
8.3
13.4
220.8
5.6
62.8
11.5
36.2
29.7
4.8
36.3
78.1
23.5
5.5
6.7
9.1
5.1

629.5
38.4
8.3
13.3
221.4
5.6
62.9
11.7
36.4
29.7
4.7
36.1
78.0
23.6
5.6
6.7
8.5
5.1

3,076.5
306.7
41.0
61.2
984.1
31.7
226.1
59.4
190.1
150.2
30.6
240.0
216.4
171.6
35.0
39.2
36.7
36.2

2,993.7
299.6
41.0
60.6
957.3
30.3
220.7
57.9
188.8
145.9
30.3
234.0
210.7
167.2
34.0
40.1
36.9
36.4

3,019.7
302.1
41.6
60.9
967.1
30.5
223.8
58.1
191.3
147.8
30.2
235.0
212.5
168.5
34.1
40.5
36.4
36.2

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

194.6
30.6
94.2

192.9
30.4
92.6

192.3
30.3
92.3

97.7
2.4
70.3

98.0
2.4
70.7

98.2
2.4
71.3

377.3
25.8
208.5

376.3
25.9
208.3

380.8
26.1
211.1

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

337.7
48.8
83.9
18.2
43.7
19.5
19.4

322.9
45.9
79.2
17.1
41.4
18.4
17.4

323.0
45.9
79.1
17.2
41.2
18.5
17.6

75.0
8.7
19.5
17.6
6.3
3.5

72.5
8.3
18.3
3.4
16.5
6.2
3.5

71.5
8.3
18.0
3.4
16.5
6.1
3.4

371.3
44.1
104.5
13.6
55.6
28.1
18.0

350.0
42.4
94.6
12.9
53.0
27.4
16.9

353.7
43.0
95.7
13.1
54.3
27.7
17.2

Delaware
Wilmington

69.4
59.1

71.7
61.9

71.6
61.7

15.3
16.9

15.4
17.1

15.2
17.0

76.3
62.6

74.5
60.4

74.7
61.2

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

15.6
86.7

15.1
83.2

15.0
83.0

23.9
109.0

23.4
105.4

23.4
105.5

62.0
440.9

58.8
424.6

59.3
429.8

516.1
12.3
43.8
6.0
5.6
36.1
22.8
30.7
87.9
53.3
11.5
8.8
4.5
91.3
33.3

497.4
12.0
41.8
6.0
5.8
35.5
21.3
28.5
86.5
50.9
11.1
8.6
4.3
89.0
30.9

497.4
12.0
41.8
6.0
5.8
35.4
21.6
28.4
85.9
50.6
11.2
8.5
4.2
88.6
31.7

278.6
4.2
23.3
5.7
2.0
29.8
7.5
4.6
73.1
29.8
6.4
3.7
3.1
42.0
14.9

267.5
4.4
22.6
5.8
2.0
28.8
7.3
4.5
63.7
28.6
6.3
3.6
3.2
42.1
14.8

267.1
4.4
22.7
5.9
2.0
28.7
7.2
4.5
63.5
29.0
6.4
3.5
3.2
42.0
14.9

1,471.0
36.4
153.7
40.1
22.0
117.1
44.2
38.7
242.9
148.7
32.9
35.0
27.6
245.7
98.6

1,411.1
35.5
148.5
41.0
21.9
117.8
44.3
36.7
228.9
145.2
33.0
33.5
27.6
245.5
93.3

1,435.5
35.4
150.8
42.4
21.9
119.1
45.2
37.6
230.9
147.1
33.5
34.4
28.0
248.2
96.9

Alaska

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melboume-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota

Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
See footnotes at end of table.

104




3.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Governmen

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991p

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

74.5
30.9
4.0
8.1
8.6
2.1

73.1
30.5
4.0
7.8
8.3
2.1

72.9
30.4
4.0
7.8
8.3
2.1

323.5
108.0
33.5
43.6
31.2
10.1

329.9
111.3
33.4
46.1
31.4
9.8

329.3
111.3
33.6
46.1
31.4
9.7

331.9
67.1
32.0
31.7
35.1
20.9

333.6
68.2
32.4
30.3
34.7
21.1

334.4
68.2
32.5
30.5
34.9
21.2

Alaska

10.2

10.2

10.2

49.7

52.6

51.5

70.9

73.0

73.4

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

95.4
76.1
11.8

94.6
75.6
11.6

94.5
75.7
11.6

413.2
281.4
75.2

428.6
289.8
79.5

427.7
289.1
79.6

274.4
142.2
57.9

280.4
145.0
59.2

282.2
146.2
59.6

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

38.3
1.7
2.7
15.7
1.2

39.0
1.7
2.7
15.9
1.2

38.9
1.6
2.7
16.0
1.2

195.6
10.0
19.1
67.6
7.1

206.8
9.9
19.6
69.1
7.2

205.9
9.9
19.6
69.1
7.2

164.1
12.4
8.7
50.3
8.2

169.4
12.6
8.9
51.7
8.3

169.7
12.5
8.9
51.8
8.2

847.0
102.8
6.9
13.7
293.2
5.0
58.0
12.2
33.6
41.8
6.3
67.5
108.6
32.5
8.6
8.9
9.5
5.3

839.1
103.2
6.8
13.8
289.1
4.7
56.8
11.9
33.4
43.2
6.7
65.1
108.0
32.1
8.5
9.0
9.6
5.2

838.5
102.8
6.8
13.9
289.2
4.7
56.6
11.9
33.2
43.2
6.7
64.7
107.9
32.2
8.6
9.0
9.6
5.1

3,530.0
330.2
36.1
55.3
1,269.6
25.3
230.7
57.4
187.1
143.6
28.9
278.8
324.6
220.4
44.1
36.5
33.7
33.4

3,585.2
334.4
37.1
60.7
1,289.0
26.2
234.6
58.1
193.4
144.3
28.7
281.2
328.7
222.1
44.5
37.9
34.3
34.5

3,587.1
333.1
37.0
60.4
1,291.7
25.8
235.3
57.8
193.8
144.2
28.6
280.9
329.5
222.2
44.5
38.1
34.2
34.5

2,107.8
129.6
44.3
53.6
541.9
20.9
171.4
44.4
153.4
187.0
28.2
181.6
140.8
90.6
29.7
25.1
34.3
37.7

2,101.7
127.9
46.0
52.0
543.4
20.8
169.1
44.1
157.9
184.9
28.0
179.2
137.7
89.4
29.3
25.3
35.7
37.5

2,115.5
129.0
46.4
51.8
547.1
21.0
170.2
44.5
157.8
187.4
28.2
179.5
139.2
89.5
29.7
25.6
36.0
37.5

96.6
4.2
64.6

97.6
4.3
66.2

97.8
4.2
66.4

405.9
28.7
234.7

415.6
29.4
240.5

418.0
29.4
240.5

289.3
25.4
133.9

293.5
24.3
138.6

295.4
24.5
140.3

149.8
11.4
74.1
2.9
16.7
14.0
4.5

145.6
11.2
72.2
2.7
15.6
13.9
4.3

145.4
11.3
72.1
2.7
15.6
13.9
4.3

438.3
53.2
116.9
14.8
85.9
38.2
22.8

434.8
51.9
113.7
14.3
85.1
37.4
21.6

433.9
51.6
114.0
14.4
84.9
37.3
21.7

216.3
19.9
64.7
7.1
32.6
10.7
13.3

210.3
19.3
63.5
7.1
31.0
10.4
12.8

213.2
19.3
64.8
7.2
32.3
10.5
13.0

31.9
28.6

32.1
28.9

32.2
28.8

84.5
75.6

83.7
74.3

83.7
74.2

46.6
37.2

46.7
37.4

47.0
37.8

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

33.0
130.1

31.7
125.5

31.6
125.6

262.4
759.9

262.8
761.3

262.8
761.4

275.4
590.3

272.5
586.9

272.6
589.0

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

369.5
5.7
40.7
9.3
4.6
42.6
9.1
5.7
70.6
32.4
5.7
8.4
5.3
64.7
28.4

353.0
5.6
38.8
8.8
4.6
41.9
8.8
5.1
69.1
31.0
5.7
8.0
5.2
63.5
27.1

353.7
5.6
38.9
8.8
4.6
41.7
8.8
5.1
69.0
30.8
5.8
8.0
5.2
63.6
27.3

1,625.0
37.3
156.8
37.4
26.1
114.9
38.3
53.6
257.3
203.6
35.1
41.1
27.8
281.5
118.9

1,641.9
37.1
155.9
38.4
26.4
115.4
39.7
53.9
250.4
205.2
35.6
43.0
28.5
288.2
118.8

1,660.6
37.1
158.3
39.0
26.4
116.3
40.0
53.7
254.0
205.4
35.8
43.3
28.6
290.2
121.0

870.8
21.9
70.5
20.7
39.3
65.4
23.9
23.8
122.6
67.3
31.7
14.0
53.8
117.5
47.7

897.6
23.0
73.5
21.1
38.5
65.3
24.6
23.4
124.6
67.7
31.8
14.4
54.1
119.5
47.2

903.8
23.2
74.1
21.3
38.6
65.6
24.6
23.6
125.3
67.8
31.8
14.4
54.4
120.1
48.2

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.




105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991^

3,019.7
51.4
69.3
1,497.2
184.1
97.4
130.1
115.8

2,955.4
51.0
68.6
1,457.9
182.0
97.4
128.0
113.2

2,959.4
51.0
68.3
1,460.9
182.1
97.7
127.4
113.9

Hawaii
Honolulu

537.2
416.1

536.4
413.2

541.4
417.8

Idaho
Boise City

397.6
108.4

409.7
109.6

407.4
109.1

4.0

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

5,322.4
151.4
68.3
93.1
3,206.7
165.5
54.9
107.6
36.6
221.4
151.2
138.8
106.6

5,305.9
151.8
68.5
94.1
3,219.0
166.0
54.5
110.0
37.5
225.7
151.5
138.5
107.9

5,305.2
149.8
68.7
94.3
3,216.5
165.7
52.7
110.2
37.9
223.8
147.7
138.1
108.3

20.0

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,541.0
51.0
57.9
101.4
137.2
204.4
251.2
676.9
46.3
72.4
56.1
121.5
59.9

2,557.9
50.6
59.8
104.6
139.9
207.6
251.3
689.7
45.5
72.5
56.7
123.3
61.3

2,555.5
50.1
59.8
103.5
140.0
208.0
252.5
691.0
45.2
72.4
57.2
123.8
61.6

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

1,245.6
95.3
235.7
45.6
57.0
56.5
72.7

1,250.0
94.6
234.4
46.6
56.8
57.2
73.5

1,247.2
95.1
234.9
46.2
57.8
57.3
73.7

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,103.3
38.3
91.9
245.6

1,106.0
38.4
89.9
249.0

1,108.7
38.3
90.2
249.4

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,496.4
204.8
488.1
37.1

1,500.4
203.8
491.0
37.0

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,625.5
47.0
238.8
58.8
99.5
66.8
59.6
542.5
134.2

1,634.7
47.1
240.9
60.0
99.5
68.8
61.0
539.8
135.7

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

See footnotes at end of table.

106



Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

8.7

Nov.
1991P

8.4

Nov.
1990

8.4

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

2.3
()

0)
(1)
V)
V)
1

129.1
3.1
2.4
60.4
16.9
5.6
4.9
9.6

125.1
3.1
2.4
58.0
16.2
5.3
4.7
9.5

32.8
24.8

32.5
24.7

2.9

21.0
6.6

22.8
6.1

21.6
5.9

19.5

227.0
9.4
2.6
2.7
132.2
6.7
3.4
8.3
1.8
12.2
8.4
6.2
3.8

221.9
9.0
2.5
2.8
130.7
7.1
3.5
8.7
1.9
12.1
8.4
5.9
4.2

217.6
8.9
2.3
2.8
122.9
6.8
3.6
8.6
1.9
11.7
8.3
5.7
4.2

125.5
1.5
2.4
3.7
7.4
10.1
17.5
39.5
1.5
2.8
2.4
7.2
2.8

124.8
1.2
2.7
3.7
7.8
10.5
17.1
40.7
1.4
2.6
2.5
7.9
2.7

121.6
1.2
2.6
3.7
7.5
10.3
17.4
40.3
1.3
2.6
2.5
7.8
2.6

I

I
.1
1.2
.6
.1
.2

146.0
3.1
2.6
66.9
18.3
5.5
5.1
11.1
32.8
24.4

I

.1
1.1
.6
.1
.1

.1
1.1
.6
.1
.1

3.1

19.7
)

())
0I

01
()
(1)

2.1

0
(1)
O

2.1

O
(1)
0)

8.2

7.2

7.0

2.1

1.9

1.9

.5

.6

2.2

2.2

2.1

48.3
4.6
9.9
1.8
1.8
2.7
2.5

50.7
4.8
10.1
1.9
1.8
2.9
2.6

46.8
4.6
9.7
1.8
1.8
2.8
2.6

9.8

44.5
1.7
3.8
10.8

43.5
1.5
3.6
10.8

()

V)

0)
(1)
O
0

O
0)
O

10.4

9.8

2.1

1.8

1.8

43.3
1.8
3.5
10.5

1,506.5
202.9
495.5
37.0

35.5
.3
.5
.6

33.8
.3
.6
.4

33.6
.3
.6
.4

69.1
10.5
23.7
2.3

68.7
9.8
23.9
2.2

68.8
9.6
23.8
2.1

1,636.5
47.1
241.2
60.3
99.5
66.8
61.8
540.8
135.5

56.5
.1
.8
5.7
13.0
1.3
.4
13.8
3.2

54.5
.1
.9
5.6
12.3
1.2
.5
13.8
3.1

54.0
.1
.9
5.6
12.2
1.1
.5
13.7
3.1

95.4
3.2
26.9
2.0
4.5
5.8
2.9
23.8
6.3

96.3
3.4
27.3
2.6
4.6
7.6
4.2
24.1
6.6

95.9
3.3
27.2
2.7
4.6
7.4
4.7
23.6
6.7

()

0

0)
1

0)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

552.9
8.3
15.1
171.1
41.2
20.2
18.9
17.5

543.2
8.0
14.8
170.2
41.9
20.5
18.7
16.9

544.3
7.8
14.6
171.5
42.1
20.7
18.8
17.0

199.9
2.9
1.9
131.0
4.7
3.1
5.2
9.6

195.7
2.7
1.9
127.0
4.5
3.1
5.2
9.4

196.9
2.7
1.8
127.9
4.5
3.1
5.2
9.6

757.3
12.3
15.8
410.5
40.3
20.6
29.9
27.4

723.3
12.4
15.4
387.9
38.2
19.6
28.5
26.3

730.9
12.6
15.7
392.1
38.7
20.0
28.1
26.5

Hawaii
Honolulu

20.8
15.6

20.2
15.0

20.3
15.1

42.9
35.0

42.2
34.4

42.4
34.5

137.8
103.9

135.3
101.3

136.2
102.2

Idaho
Boise City

63.8
16.1

65.6
16.3

64.4
16.3

20.3
5.8

20.9
6.0

20.6
6.1

99.6
27.2

101.6
26.8

102.7
27.0

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

979.0
38.2
7.9
9.7
560.3
32.4
14.4
19.6
5.7
48.8
33.9
48.7
4.3

973.1
38.5
7.8
9.8
557.2
31.6
14.5
19.8
5.7
48.5
32.8
47.3
4.2

962.2
36.2
8.0
10.0
556.4
31.6
12.5
19.8
5.7
48.5
28.4
47.2
4.2

309.6
3.7
3.1
2.3
208.3
7.4
4.3
8.6
2.2
5.9
7.0
4.7
4.8

309.7
3.7
3.0
2.4
209.0
7.6
4.3
8.7
2.3
5.9
7.2
4.9
4.8

309.7
3.6
3.0
2.3
208.9
7.6
4.4
8.7
2.4
5.9
7.2
4.9
4.8

1,279.0
41.1
15.5
19.8
764.9
47.9
12.4
25.1
9.1
60.0
35.2
29.9
23.8

1,265.5
40.6
15.6
19.6
764.5
46.9
11.5
25.7
9.3
60.2
35.9
30.1
23.9

1,275.8
40.8
15.7
19.7
772.1
46.9
11.5
25.8
9.4
60.1
35.8
30.0
24.3

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

625.0
15.9
9.3
49.6
30.5
48.9
56.9
109.1
17.4
13.9
11.4
21.7
10.8

631.3
15.9
8.8
51.6
30.9
51.0
55.8
110.4
17.5
13.9
11.1
21.0
11.5

629.6
15.5
8.7
50.9
31.2
50.8
55.8
110.5
17.0
13.9
11.2
21.0
11.5

132.3
1.2
1.7
3.4
7.0
13.8
16.6
43.8
1.4
2.0
2.7
5.6
2.7

134.3
1.2
1.8
3.3
6.8
14.2
16.8
44.0
1.4
2.0
2.7
5.5
2.7

133.9
1.1
1.8
3.3
6.9
14.2
16.8
44.0
1.4
2.1
2.7
5.5
2.7

606.5
12.3
13.3
18.9
36.3
52.3
59.5
173.7
10.7
15.1
13.2
31.5
16.4

596.8
12.0
13.3
18.8
34.8
50.8
59.6
174.7
9.8
14.6
13.0
31.3
16.4

603.8
12.0
13.4
18.9
35.2
51.9
60.3
176.4
10.0
14.9
13.2
31.7
16.8

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

236.0
21.8
26.7
12.3
4.5
10.9
17.1

232.7
21.1
25.8
12.9
4.8
10.7
17.1

231.1
21.1
26.0
12.5
4.9
10.7
16.8

55.7
6.0
12.5
1.7
1.4
3.1
1.8

54.9
6.0
12.1
1.7
1.4
3.3
1.8

55.1
5.9
12.2
1.7
1.4
3.3
1.8

312.5
22.7
60.1
10.8
11.2
14.5
17.2

309.7
22.4
59.0
10.4
11.4
14.2
17.3

312.2
22.9
59.8
10.5
11.5
14.3
17.8

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

184.0
4.7
9.2
64.2

185.7
4.8
8.8
63.7

185.5
4.8
9.0
63.8

67.1
1.1
6.9
11.6

69.2
1.0
6.8
11.4

69.8
1.0
6.8
11.4

271.1
8.4
19.9
57.2

269.3
8.1
19.0
58.2

270.9
8.2
19.3
58.2

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

284.5
33.4
88.5
6.6

284.1
32.5
87.5
6.6

285.6
32.6
88.6
6.5

81.6
9.1
32.0
2.2

83.1
9.3
32.3
2.3

84.3
9.3
32.8
2.3

359.3
46.0
123.8
9.8

354.6
45.4
123.4
9.6

358.3
45.1
125.7
9.8

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

187.6
3.2
23.2
6.0
9.3
11.4
7.9
45.8
18.0

186.5
3.2
23.4
6.3
9.8
9.9
8.0
44.4
17.4

186.8
3.2
23.5
6.2
9.8
9.9
8.1
44.7
17.3

111.2
2.3
11.1
6.7
7.2
4.3
3.1
44.0
8.1

110.5
2.4
11.3
6.6
6.8
4.5
3.0
43.5
8.0

110.3
2.4
11.3
6.7
6.8
4.6
3.0
43.6
8.1

378.7
10.6
54.4
14.8
25.9
15.6
15.2
135.7
32.4

377.8
10.5
54.8
14.8
25.9
15.7
15.1
133.9
33.3

380.7
10.4
55.2
15.0
25.9
15.9
15.2
135.3
33.4

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Wamer Robins
Savannah

See footnotes at end of table.




107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991*

163.1
2.1
2.2
108.0
6.0
6.2
8.0
5.1

161.5
2.2
2.1
106.7
5.8
6.5
8.4
5.3

161.6
2.2
2.1
106.9
5.9
6.5
8.4
5.4

651.1
9.2
11.0
380.5
36.4
20.6
27.2
28.0

649.2
9.2
11.8
376.6
37.5
20.9
26.9
28.9

647.2
9.2
11.5
375.1
37.3
20.8
26.8
29.1

540.7
13.6
20.6
228.1
36.6
21.0
35.6
17.0

545.0
13.4
20.1
228.0
36.6
21.1
35.3
16.8

545.0
13.4
20.1
228.3
36.8
21.2
35.3
16.8

Hawaii
Honolulu

37.5
30.0

38.1
30.6

38.2
30.6

157.1
116.8

160.3
118.9

160.5
119.1

108.3
90.4

107.5
88.2

111.3
91.6

Idaho
Boise City

20.0
8.2

20.5
8.3

20.5
8.2

83.1
24.2

87.5
25.1

86.9
24.8

85.8
20.3

87.7
21.0

87.8
20.8

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

373.8
8.2
11.3
3.3
266.6
7.8
2.3
3.7
1.9
13.2
7.6
5.6
8.1

373.0
8.4
11.4
3.3
265.7
7.8
2.2
3.8
1.8
13.5
7.8
5.5
8.1

373.3
8.4
11.5
3.3
265.7
7.8
2.2
3.8
1.8
13.5
7.8
5.6
8.1

1,354.4
34.2
14.4
18.2
892.1
37.1
12.2
24.4
9.2
48.7
41.9
31.3
27.0

1,367.6
35.0
14.9
19.4
912.4
38.1
12.5
25.5
9.9
52.8
42.2
32.1
28.0

1,362.8
35.1
14.7
19.3
909.8
38.0
12.6
25.6
9.9
51.1
42.9
32.1
28.0

779.6
16.6
13.5
37.1
380.0
26.2
5.9
17.9
6.7
32.6
17.2
12.4
34.8

775.4
16.6
13.3
36.8
377.4
26.9
6.0
17.8
6.6
32.7
17.2
12.7
34.7

784.3
16.8
13.5
36.9
378.6
27.0
5.9
17.9
6.8
33.0
17.3
12.6
34.7

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

122.7
1.6
1.8
2.9
5.3
12.8
8.5
49.8
1.4
3.0
1.7
6.3
2.1

124.7
1.6
2.0
2.4
5.4
13.0
8.5
52.0
1.4
3.1
1.7
6.5
2.1

124.6
1.5
2.0
2.4
5.4
13.0
8.5
52.0
1.3
3.1
1.7
6.5
2.1

535.9
11.5
10.3
16.5
35.1
46.8
58.6
159.5
7.5
13.0
12.1
37.1
12.7

556.8
11.6
11.9
17.8
37.5
47.9
60.2
164.0
7.5
13.3
12.7
38.7
13.1

552.6
11.5
12.0
17.5
37.3
47.8
60.1
163.7
7.6
13.0
12.7
38.8
13.0

384.9
6.9
19.1
6.4
13.5
19.8
33.7
100.6
6.5
22.6
12.6
12.0
11.9

382.0
7.2
19.3
7.0
14.7
20.1
33.3
103.0
6.6
23.0
12.9
12.5
12.3

382.4
7.3
19.2
7.0
14.6
20.0
33.6
103.4
6.7
22.9
13.1
12.5
12.3

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

69.8
4.8
32.0
1.5
1.4
2.5
3.2

71.2
4.9
32.4
1.6
1.4
2.6
3.5

71.4
4.9
32.5
1.6
1.4
2.6
3.5

294.0
23.5
61.8
13.5
10.0
16.3
17.2

303.2
23.3
62.2
14.1
10.5
17.2
17.4

301.0
23.6
61.8
14.1
10.4
17.1
17.4

227.1
11.9
32.7
4.0
26.7
6.5
13.7

225.4
12.1
32.8
4.0
25.5
6.3
13.8

227.5
12.1
32.9
4.0
26.4
6.5
13.8

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

58.0
1.5
6.4
11.4

57.8
1.6
6.4
11.4

57.8
1.6
6.4
11.4

244.0
8.1
23.0
58.7

252.2
8.6
23.2
62.3

252.3
8.5
23.1
62.3

225.4
12.7
23.0
29.9

217.5
12.6
21.9
29.4

219.1
12.7
22.0
29.7

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

61.2
9.6
27.9
1.5

61.3
9.7
28.0
1.4

61.1
9.7
28.0
1.4

334.4
50.2
126.7
8.5

341.9
51.1
129.1
8.6

341.4
50.4
128.8
8.5

270.8
45.7
65.0
5.6

272.9
45.7
66.2
5.9

273.4
45.9
67.2
6.0

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

78.6
2.1
13.0
2.1
3.3
2.6
4.3
31.3
6.2

78.6
2.0
12.9
2.1
3.4
2.8
4.5
31.3
6.5

78.4
2.0
12.8
2.1
3.4
2.8
4.5
31.3
6.6

381.8
12.4
54.5
10.7
22.5
14.7
13.3
157.9
33.2

389.0
12.5
54.9
10.7
22.9
15.7
13.7
158.9
34.6

387.9
12.6
55.0
10.7
22.8
15.7
13.7
158.7
33.7

335.7
13.1
54.9
10.8
13.8
11.1
12.5
90.2
26.8

341.5
13.0
55.4
11.3
13.8
11.4
12.0
89.9
26.2

342.5
13.1
55.3
11.3
14.0
11.4
12.1
89.9
26.6

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

See footnotes at end of table.

108



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

(Construction

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

535.1
40.3
130.0

524.0
38.6
124.6

518.1
38.6
125.2

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

2,199.1
1,165.2
475.2
786.6

2,152.4
1,142.6
466.0
769.2

2,151.0
1,142.5
466.3
770.7

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

2,963.0
1,665.4
71.0
52.7
38.2
153.6
98.9
64.3
41.9
234.2
190.2

2,814.5
1,589.6
66.9
51.0
36.1
145.9
93.2
62.1
40.8
226.4
179.8

2,818.3
1,595.8
67.4
51.0
36.2
145.7
93.8
62.1
40.8
225.6
180.9

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

3,948.7
185.2
62.0
68.0
1,936.7
167.0
362.0
55.5
117.8
221.7
59.3
166.0

3,923.8
185.6
60.1
67.8
1,900.2
172.7
367.1
54.5
116.9
222.3
59.1
168.7

3,917.1
185.9
60.0
67.1
1,900.8
173.4
366.9
54.1
117.0
221.9
58.7
168.7

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,153.8
99.4
1,385.4
67.4
81.7

2,169.8
100.5
1,391.0
67.3
83.1

2,161.9
100.1
1,390.2
67.4
83.7

948.4
188.4

956.8
189.9
2,346.4
788.5
1,182.5
125.1

2,341.6
789.2
1,176.8
125.1

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

Oct.
1991

0.1

957.3
190.5

2,355.5
791.9
1,187.8
123.8

Nov.
1990

(2)
(2)

0.2
(2)
(2)

2.1
.5
(1)
(1)

()
(2)
(2)
(2)

1.1

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

137.0
3.7
2.6
2.2
63.2
5.4
15.7
2.1
3.9
6.1
2.4
8.6

131.0
3.4
2.5
2.1
61.9
5.1
15.3
2.1
3.8
6.0
2.2
8.0

8.4
5.1

81.9
3.7
51.6
2.6
4.2

83.9
4.4
50.9
2.4
3.8

75.7
3.7
47.0
2.3
3.6

5.6
.5

37.0
7.7

35.1
6.9

34.9
6.8

4.8

102.2
33.2
56.5
4.8

102.6
34.6
53.7
5.1

99.9
33.4
51.0
5.0

1.1

()
(1)

0
5.7
.5

5.3

140.6
5.0
2.4
2.0
64.4
5.3
16.4
2.2
4.0
6.1
2.4
8.5

2

()
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

72.7
39.2
2.2
1.6
1.1
4.2
3.2
1.9
1.9
5.7
4.9

9.2

8.7
5.2

6.1
.5

74.8
40.4
2.2
1.6
1.1
4.3
3.3
2.0
2.0
6.1
5.1

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

2

()
(1)
(1)

96.0
50.0
2.3
1.8
1.4
5.5
3.4
2.2
2.0
7.8
6.3

.1
.2
.2

1.1

0

2

145.9
67.9
18.0
60.9

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
8.5
5.4

149.8
68.8
18.0
63.0

()
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)

8.9

0
(1)
(1)

159.4
76.3
19.1
68.2

1.6
.7

.1
.2
.2

7.8

0
(1)
(1)

23.0
1.6
4.8

2

()
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
.1
.1
.2

24.6
1.8
5.3

2.1
.5

1.6
.7
2

4.8
(1)
(1)

(1)

0
(1)

O

Nov.
1991"

28.1
2.0
6.0

(1)
(1)

0

Oct.
1991

0.1

2.2
.5

1.4
.6

Nov.
1990

(2)
(2)

(1)

2

0
(2)

Nov.
1991?

Montana

301.6

307.6

304.6

6.5

5.9

5.9

10.9

12.1

11.5

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

752.3
126.5
337.3

784.8
126.7
353.8

783.2
126.3
353.4

1.7

1.9

1.8

28.7
4.2
13.7

34.9
4.4
15.6

33.5
4.1
14.8

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

645.3
393.4
147.4

645.4
392.3
146.3

645.5
393.5
145.8

14.4
.3
1.5

50.5
36.5
7.7

46.6
32.7
7.7

46.0
32.5
7.6

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester....

506.3
81.6
88.2
112.4

491.6
79.1
84.7
110.2

488.3
78.9
84.1
110.1

.4

20.9
2.7
2.8
3.6

17.3
2.3
2.0
3.4

16.6
2.2
1.9
3.2

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

3,665.2
171.5
652.1
453.7
248.4
552.2
328.6
940.9
198.7
60.3

3,565.8
170.2
626.6
441.5
237.2
542.5
326.7
912.3
194.7
59.5

3,574.7
166.6
628.6
445.2
237.5
542.2
325.3
916.7
194.6
58.8

2.2

145.3
7.6
26.5
22.8
6.1
22.2
15.2
34.6
4.7
2.1

130.6
6.8
23.7
20.8
4.9
19.1
14.4
32.3
4.5
2.2

127.8
6.9
23.1
20.4
4.8
18.8
13.9
31.4
4.4
2.2

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

14.7
.3
1.5

14.4
.3
1.5

.4
(1)
(1)
(1)

.4
(1)
(1)
(1)

2.4

O
(1)
O
(1)

(1)
(1)

0
(1)
(1)
2.2

(1)
(1)
(1)
.7

1

0

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.6

(1)

()
.8
(1)
.4

.7
(1)

.5

0

.5
(1)

.3

.3

See footnotes at end of table.




109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
\Jtiblic utilities;

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991*

99.7
8.3
15.8

96.4
8.1
15.8

96.3
8.0
15.9

22.1
1.4
6.6

21.8
1.3
6.9

21.5
1.4
6.1

133.6
11.2
40.1

129.8
10.3
34.4

127.7
10.7
35.7

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

206.4
129.7
45.5
35.9

198.7
124.3
43.4
35.5

198.4
124.3
43.6
35.5

103.2
56.4
28.2
33.4

101.8
56.3
27.8
33.7

101.6
56.3
28.1
33.7

538.7
271.9
88.1
201.9

520.3
263.7
85.1
194.8

523.5
264.8
85.2
196.6

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

509.9
234.0
9.1
14.0
10.8
43.2
30.4
15.7
9.0
45.9
39.5

480.8
224.0
8.3
13.2
10.6
41.6
27.9
15.2
8.9
43.7
37.5

479.7
223.1
8.4
13.3
10.4
41.5
27.8
15.3
8.9
43.9
37.6

127.1
74.6
4.8
1.9
1.4
6.4
5.2
2.7
1.3
10.3
8.8

121.4
72.1
3.9
1.7
1.3
6.1
5.0
2.6
1.3
10.2
8.2

122.2
73.1
4.0
1.7
1.3
6.2
5.1
2.6
1.3
10.2
8.3

702.6
369.4
22.8
13.5
9.9
36.4
22.2
16.9
10.2
53.9
46.0

647.7
345.2
21.5
13.2
9.1
33.6
21.1
16.2
9.3
50.6
42.0

651.8
348.4
21.5
13.2
9.3
33.9
21.4
16.1
9.6
50.4
42.8

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

910.0
36.0
16.2
21.7
428.5
44.4
101.6
12.7
29.0
31.4
16.2
42.2

902.3
39.3
15.0
21.2
420.6
47.8
102.2
12.4
28.4
31.7
16.0
43.9

900.4
39.3
15.3
21.0
419.4
47.9
101.7
12.1
28.6
31.5
15.9
43.9

156.3
5.3
1.6
2.8
88.9
4.4
12.3
3.9
3.4
5.7
2.2
6.4

157.2
5.3
1.6
2.8
89.5
4.8
11.8
3.5
3.5
5.9
2.2
6.3

155.7
5.2
1.6
2.7
89.0
4.7
11.8
3.4
3.5
5.8
2.2
6.3

954.8
33.1
13.2
14.0
476.4
45.1
98.2
13.6
27.3
48.2
14.7
43.0

927.5
33.2
12.8
13.7
455.2
43.2
99.8
13.6
26.1
48.3
14.3
42.3

930.4
33.4
12.8
13.5
456.9
43.8
100.3
13.5
26.0
48.7
14.3
42.9

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

395.7
8.5
258.3
12.0
14.6

394.6
8.8
253.0
11.5
15.8

389.7
8.7
251.8
11.4
15.6

110.0
5.9
77.0
1.9
3.9

110.2
6.0
77.1
1.9
4.3

110.3
5.9
77.3
2.0
4.3

522.3
25.0
332.3
13.8
23.9

518.2
24.5
329.9
13.7
23.7

520.6
24.7
332.1
13.9
24.2

247.2
21.1

248.6
22.2

248.9
22.3

45.8
12.8

45.9
13.1

45.4
13.0

202.5
45.1

203.7
44.7

205.3
45.3

426.9
108.0
215.2
21.4

417.2
107.5
210.3
21.8

415.6
108.8
207.3
21.5

155.1
63.5
78.1
7.7

153.8
63.8
78.3
7.5

153.8
63.8
78.0
7.5

567.5
203.4
286.1
35.5

555.4
198.1
276.9
35.0

557.7
199.4
279.9
35.3

Montana

22.9

23.3

23.2

20.3

20.6

20.5

79.0

80.7

80.0

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

100.3
15.5
37.7

104.7
15.4
40.5

104.0
15.4
40.0

46.3
6.8
23.5

46.5
6.9
23.5

46.5
6.9
23.6

190.6
27.4
83.9

195.9
27.0
85.7

197.0
27.1
86.6

27.0
10.8
8.9

26.4
10.1
8.9

26.4
10.2
8.9

33.5
20.2
9.9

33.7
20.5
9.7

33.7
20.6
9.6

131.1
78.8
35.0

130.0
78.7
34.0

130.8
79.3
34.4

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester....

103.5
11.1
30.2
20.0

100.9
10.8
29.0
19.9

100.2
10.8
29.0
19.7

17.7
4.7
2.3
3.0

17.3
4.7
2.2
2.8

17.2
4.6
2.2
2.8

128.1
21.4
21.2
29.3

119.7
19.8
19.1
28.2

119.8
20.0
19.2
27.8

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

590.7
7.5
133.6
66.2
38.6
107.0
25.3
156.1
25.9
15.4

554.3
7.2
126.6
62.0
36.0
102.8
22.8
147.4
25.1
15.2

549.7
7.1
124.9
61.5
35.5
101.7
22.5
148.0
25.0
14.3

238.0
7.1
30.2
19.0
30.2
42.6
15.3
77.3
7.2
2.5

235.2
7.3
28.9
19.3
28.1
44.3
15.8
76.6
7.6
2.4

233.7
7.3
28.6
19.2
28.1
43.8
15.6
76.0
7.4
2.4

885.5
35.2
187.9
124.2
64.3
135.4
90.7
189.3
31.9
11.5

847.7
35.3
176.2
117.9
61.8
130.2
88.2
177.2
29.5
10.7

859.1
34.2
179.7
119.5
62.0
131.1
89.0
178.7
30.1
10.8

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

See footnotes at end of table.

110




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

Services

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991^

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991*

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991*

24.9
2.3
12.3

25.1
2.1
12.6

25.0
2.0
12.7

128.1
10.7
33.0

128.9
10.8
33.2

125.7
10.7
33.4

98.5
4.4
16.2

97.2
4.2
16.4

98.8
4.2
16.6

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

131.8
75.9
44.8
47.0

127.8
74.0
43.2
44.7

127.5
73.9
43.0
44.9

628.8
334.0
157.2
235.0

624.8
334.1
156.4
232.2

622.7
333.8
156.0
232.4

428.7
220.5
92.3
165.2

427.0
220.9
92.1
165.3

429.3
221.0
92.4
166.7

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

212.2
143.9
3.2
3.3
1.4
5.9
3.3
2.4
1.9
15.1
13.9

205.3
136.9
3.1
3.1
1.4
5.4
2.9
2.4
1.8
14.0
13.6

205.4
137.2
3.1
3.1
1.4
5.4
2.9
2.4
1.8
14.0
13.4

922.8
595.4
16.6
11.3
8.7
36.0
21.1
14.9
12.6
63.5
51.6

904.3
580.5
16.6
11.2
8.3
35.0
20.6
14.9
12.8
64.8
49.9

903.6
582.8
16.8
11.1
8.3
34.6
20.8
15.0
12.5
64.7
50.3

391.0
197.5
12.2
6.9
4.6
20.2
13.3
9.5
4.8
37.6
23.9

378.6
189.8
11.3
7.0
4.3
19.9
12.4
8.8
4.6
36.8
23.3

381.3
191.3
11.4
7.0
4.4
19.9
12.6
8.8
4.7
36.5
23.4

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

191.3
4.8
3.5
2.6
112.8
6.7
16.2
1.7
5.4
13.0
1.5
6.3

192.1
4.8
3.5
2.6
113.3
6.6
16.4
1.7
5.6
13.3
1.5
6.3

192.2
4.8
3.5
2.6
113.6
6.6
16.4
1.7
5.6
13.1
1.5
6.3

940.2
40.5
13.3
15.7
524.6
37.2
81.8
11.2
29.2
45.1
12.6
38.7

959.5
41.5
13.1
15.9
521.6
40.0
85.3
11.3
29.8
44.8
13.3
39.4

954.9
40.6
12.9
15.8
520.4
40.5
85.5
11.1
29.6
44.5
13.1
39.4

647.7
60.5
11.8
9.2
240.0
23.9
35.6
10.2
19.5
72.2
9.6
20.9

639.3
58.0
11.5
9.4
235.6
25.0
35.8
10.1
19.6
72.3
9.4
21.9

643.2
59.2
11.4
9.3
238.6
24.8
35.9
10.2
19.8
72.3
9.6
21.9

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

124.7
3.3
97.1
1.8
2.5

126.5
3.3
98.4
1.8
2.6

126.4
3.3
98.4
1.8
2.6

559.5
24.8
375.0
28.3
18.8

577.5
25.8
388.2
29.2
19.2

575.9
25.6
387.7
29.1
19.6

351.2
22.8
193.4
7.0
13.8

350.2
22.5
192.9
6.8
13.7

354.9
23.1
195.3
6.9
13.8

38.8
14.3

38.6
14.0

38.7
14.0

162.3
44.4

168.6
45.9

168.0
45.8

208.7
42.5

210.6
42.6

210.6
42.7

138.6
59.3
75.9
5.4

138.3
59.0
75.5
5.5

138.0
58.9
75.2
5.5

581.8
199.2
328.1
33.1

596.2
201.6
338.5
34.3

591.6
200.9
335.5
34.2

378.1
125.3
147.9
15.9

378.1
123.9
149.3
15.9

380.2
124.0
149.9
16.1

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
Montana

13.2

13.6

13.6

76.4

78.1

76.9

72.4

73.3

73.0

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

48.5
8.5
28.6

50.3
8.6
29.4

50.2
8.6
29.3

184.7
29.0
101.5

197.6
30.1
107.3

197.5
30.0
107.5

151.5
35.1
48.4

153.0
34.3
51.8

152.7
34.2
51.6

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

28.7
18.9
7.2

28.9
19.0
7.4

29.0
19.1
7.4

279.1
185.7
58.1

280.0
185.9
57.1

279.3
186.1
56.4

80.7
42.2
19.1

85.4
45.1
20.0

85.9
45.4
20.0

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester

31.4
8.5
3.5
7.1

30.8
8.2
3.5
7.2

30.6
8.1
3.5
7.2

127.3
24.2
20.2
22.1

130.5
24.4
21.4
22.9

127.6
24.2
20.7
23.0

77.0
9.0
8.0
27.3

74.7
8.9
7.5
25.8

75.9
9.0
7.6
26.4

235.9
6.5
37.0
24.1
16.6
42.1
18.8
74.1
11.2
4.4

229.6
6.3
34.9
23.9
16.9
41.8
18.7
71.4
11.3
4.3

229.3
6.2
34.8
24.0
16.8
41.9
18.7
71.4
11.3
4.4

989.7
80.1
165.5
119.1
50.8
124.4
98.5
270.7
61.3
11.1

998.7
79.6
167.1
120.4
49.8
127.4
102.3
272.0
63.0
11.8

996.6
77.1
166.9
121.5
50.4
126.2
100.1
273.8
62.8
11.6

577.7
27.5
71.4
78.3
41.8
77.8
64.8
138.0
56.5
12.9

567.5
27.7
69.2
77.2
39.7
76.3
64.5
134.9
53.7
12.6

576.3
27.8
70.6
79.1
39.9
78.0
65.5
136.9
53.6
12.8

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.




111

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—'Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

(Construction

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1990

580.8
247.4
45.7
61.1

586.9
249.3
44.8
61.5

585.5
247.6
45.3
61.7

16.1
(1)
(1)
(1)

15.8
(1)
(1)
(1)

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

8,218.5
440.7
119.8
465.8
41.4
46.4
1,125.0
4,093.0
3,567.3
87.9
106.1
122.2
495.9
102.7
321.0
129.0
404.0

7,955.8
432.7
116.0
463.4
39.7
46.0
1,094.3
3,911.1
3,395.5
85.7
104.8
118.4
494.3
100.2
316.0
125.3
396.6

7,961.7
432.4
115.7
463.2
39.8
45.1
1,095.0
3,916.7
3,400.1
85.0
104.7
118.4
493.7
100.3
316.5
125.2
397.4

5.6
.4

5.3
.3

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

3,164.1
89.6
637.4
502.1
437.5

3,143.0
88.8
637.1
495.2
435.3

3,144.5
88.6
635.8
496.3
435.8

270.7
41.1
81.0
32.9

276.3
42.2
82.7
33.2

275.0
42.6
82.5
33.6

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

4,962.8
292.3
168.2
754.6
956.5
737.1
457.1
295.7
198.4

4,964.2
292.4
166.7
758.2
954.2
741.4
456.5
292.9
199.2

4,961.0
292.9
166.9
757.0
952.3
742.8
456.3
292.2
198.2

17.6
.7
.8
.4
.8
1.0
.4
.2
.4

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,195.3
21.6
35.4
430.5
321.8

1,199.6
21.6
36.1
430.1
325.0

1,200.1
21.6
36.5
431.2
323.6

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem

1,269.6
120.5
55.6
648.4
110.2

1,292.6
119.4
56.6
654.5
113.7

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

5,229.4
291.8
55.0
50.9
122.6
317.8
83.9
194.3
2,239.8
749.0
932.3

5,178.7
291.8
54.7
50.8
120.7
316.1
84.4
192.2
2,203.1
734.0
927.8

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

See footnotes at end of table.

112



Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991?

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

15.9

30.4
12.6
2.1
3.2

30.6
12.7
2.0
3.2

30.1
12.2
2.0
3.2

5.2
.3

311.7
19.4
5.2
19.6
1.9
2.3
53.2
138.8
110.8
4.4
4.2
6.1
19.7
4.2
15.0
4.3
22.1

286.3
17.6
4.5
19.7
1.7
2.0
48.4
123.2
97.4
4.0
3.9
5.4
18.2
3.6
14.4
4.3
20.5

274.9
16.8
4.2
18.0
1.6
2.0
46.3
120.7
95.0
3.9
3.8
5.4
17.7
3.6
14.0
3.8
20.4

5.1

164.2
4.6
37.6
24.6
22.3

156.1
4.5
36.2
23.6
21.4

154.9
4.5
35.8
23.4
21.2

4.5

10.2
2.1
3.9
1.2

12.0
2.6
4.1
1.3

10.6
2.5
3.8
1.2

16.0
.6
.8
.4
.5
.9
.4
.2
.3

16.5
.7
.8
.4
.5
.8
.4
.2
.4

207.6
10.9
7.8
34.1
36.1
30.1
16.1
12.0
8.7

209.6
10.9
8.3
34.3
36.6
30.7
16.4
12.1
8.4

202.5
10.5
8.0
33.8
35.7
29.9
15.9
11.5
8.1

44.1
.9
.3
10.3
11.8

41.9
.8
.3
9.4
12.3

41.7
.8
.3
9.4
12.2

37.1
.6
.9
11.6
11.7

35.5
.6
1.0
11.4
12.5

35.0
.6
1.0
11.4
12.4

1,281.9
119.0
56.4
655.2
110.6

1.7
.2
.1
.6
.1

1.8
.2
.1
.6
.1

1.5
.2
.1
.5
.1

54.6
3.9
2.1
29.8
4.8

58.1
4.4
2.1
30.2
4.9

55.1
4.0
2.0
29.3
4.6

5,189.4
291.5
54.9
50.8
120.3
316.9
83.9
192.4
2,212.8
735.8
930.4

27.4
.5
(1)
1
()
(1)
.5
2.7
.4
1.0
1
()
4.1

25.8
.5

233.2
12.9
2.5
2.5
4.1
14.3
3.7
11.9
101.0
15.3
45.0

228.0
12.8
2.5
2.7
4.3
14.0
4.2
12.1
98.0
14.2
45.4

222.3
12.5
2.4
2.4
4.1
13.7
3.6
11.7
96.7
13.7
43.8

(1)

O
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.1

.2
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
.8
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
5.2

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
4.4

V)
0
V)

o
4.7

1

()
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

()
(1)
(1)

0

.7

.8

5.4

1

.1
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

26.0
.5
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
.5
2.5
.4
1.1

.5
2.5
.4
1.1
(1)

(1)
4.1

4.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
Dublic utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

43.2
21.0
3.9
2.0

42.4
20.1
3.7
1.9

41.1
19.9
3.8
1.9

28.7
12.9
1.7
1.1

29.1
12.9
1.6
1.1

29.2
12.9
1.6
1.1

138.2
61.7
9.5
12.2

138.4
60.5
9.2
12.3

139.4
60.5
9.3
12.4

1,111.5
46.4
32.8
73.3
8.4
10.0
145.0
402.6
333.1
22.6
13.5
29.6
132.9
15.1
50.1
23.4
52.4

1,069.7
46.1
31.5
70.7
8.1
9.8
135.5
387.6
317.9
21.8
12.7
28.5
132.5
14.8
49.7
21.8
52.8

1,063.4
45.8
31.4
70.5
8.0
9.7
134.6
385.2
315.5
21.6
12.4
28.3
131.4
14.8
49.4
21.8
52.7

434.2
17.4
4.3
23.4
1.4
1.5
51.8
254.6
227.5
4.2
6.4
4.0
15.2
5.3
19.6
4.4
21.1

426.7
17.1
4.3
23.5
1.5
1.7
51.4
246.0
218.8
4.3
6.6
3.6
15.5
5.3
19.0
4.3
21.2

424.2
17.1
4.3
23.6
1.5
1.6
51.4
243.6
216.3
4.1
6.6
3.6
15.4
5.3
19.0
4.3
21.3

1,685.8
94.7
26.2
116.5
10.4
10.4
289.1
718.9
600.3
21.9
28.7
22.4
105.6
23.2
80.0
28.5
90.9

1,600.7
91.6
24.6
115.9
9.7
10.5
278.2
674.1
561.3
20.8
27.9
21.7
102.6
22.3
77.8
27.1
86.1

1,616.2
92.5
24.7
117.2
9.8
10.1
281.2
676.6
563.2
21.0
28.2
21.9
103.4
22.6
78.6
27.4
86.5

856.4
20.7
152.8
147.3
63.8

839.8
19.8
147.4
144.8
63.8

838.6
19.8
146.5
144.5
63.8

153.8
4.1
51.7
26.3
21.5

153.3
4.0
51.9
25.5
21.4

153.6
4.0
51.7
25.6
21.4

732.0
22.6
155.7
116.7
92.1

713.1
21.4
152.5
112.7
89.7

716.6
21.4
152.8
113.0
90.4

18.3
2.3
6.3
1.7

18.8
2.4
6.0
1.7

18.3
2.3
6.0
1.7

17.3
2.9
4.8
1.7

17.2
2.9
4.9
1.8

17.2
2.9
4.9
1.7

72.2
10.7
23.3
9.8

72.4
10.4
23.5
9.7

73.0
10.9
23.6
10.0

1,106.1
68.0
44.9
149.4
205.2
105.0
101.7
59.5
47.0

1,085.0
66.2
43.0
143.8
200.5
105.5
98.5
58.4
48.1

1,082.0
66.4
43.1
143.8
199.6
105.3
98.0
57.7
47.4

222.1
13.8
5.6
41.8
43.0
31.2
18.6
15.0
7.3

221.8
14.1
5.8
42.2
43.1
31.2
18.9
14.5
7.1

221.1
13.9
5.7
41.9
42.9
31.2
18.9
14.4
7.1

1,194.2
70.5
42.2
192.7
231.4
189.2
103.6
73.4
54.3

1,175.5
68.8
41.4
192.5
226.7
185.7
103.0
71.1
53.1

1,184.9
69.5
41.8
194.7
228.1
187.5
104.1
72.0
53.6

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

164.2
1.6
3.5
49.0
57.5

166.9
1.6
3.5
47.3
56.2

167.4
1.6
3.5
47.5
56.0

67.7
2.0
1.7
21.2
25.9

67.2
2.1
1.8
20.9
26.0

67.1
2.1
1.8
20.9
25.9

278.5
6.1
9.1
104.6
75.2

278.7
6.1
9.4
104.3
76.2

279.1
6.0
9.5
104.9
76.1

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem

213.4
19.8
8.3
103.6
15.3

213.0
18.9
8.0
102.4
18.2

206.9
18.2
7.9
100.9
15.3

64.3
4.4
3.0
38.2
2.9

64.7
4.5
2.9
38.6
2.9

65.1
4.6
2.9
38.7
2.9

321.4
31.3
17.5
168.4
24.4

322.5
29.9
17.7
167.1
24.2

323.8
30.3
17.9
169.3
24.4

1,006.4
74.8
10.8
9.1
36.6
49.2
14.2
56.5
344.4
81.2
119.6

965.4
74.3
10.9
8.6
35.3
47.7
14.7
54.5
326.2
76.7
115.2

963.8
74.5
10.9
8.7
34.7
47.6
14.7
54.5
324.1
76.3
116.0

272.2
14.8
4.9
5.3
4.4
21.5
5.6
7.8
101.1
40.2
55.4

274.1
14.9
4.9
5.0
4.3
22.1
5.4
7.9
100.1
40.0
56.2

274.5
14.9
5.0
5.1
4.4
22.2
5.4
7.9
100.7
40.2
55.7

1,202.6
65.6
14.7
11.9
26.6
70.1
18.7
48.0
515.4
134.4
228.8

1,179.6
64.9
14.1
11.9
25.4
67.6
18.7
47.4
497.7
125.0
224.1

1,195.4
65.8
14.4
11.9
25.9
68.3
18.6
47.6
504.5
125.3
227.5

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.




113

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Nov.
1990

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County

Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron

Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City

Tulsa
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.

114




Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

25.9
13.9
1.6
2.3

26.1
14.0
1.6
2.4

26.0
14.0
1.6
2.4

145.9
75.1
8.0
16.2

149.7
77.5
8.4
16.5

149.2
76.9
8.4
16.6

152.4
50.2
18.9
24.1

154.8
51.6
18.3
24.1

154.6
51.2
18.6
24.1

764.0
25.6
4.1
27.3
1.5
1.6
80.6
542.1
506.4
2.1
5.0
4.8
23.1
5.3
20.9
7.4
29.6

749.3
26.3
4.1
27.5
1.4
1.6
80.4
525.5
490.1
2.1
4.8
4.7
23.3
5.3
21.1
7.7
29.3

748.5
26.2
4.0
27.2
1.5
1.6
79.9
525.7
490.3
2.0
4.8
4.6
23.2
5.3
21.1
7.7
29.3

2,421.0
120.0
25.2
128.2
10.6
10.8
316.2
1,343.0
1,181.0
19.5
24.3
30.0
128.4
27.9
80.9
29.1
129.0

2,376.8
121.3
25.6
130.5
10.3
11.0
317.3
1,282.4
1,119.7
19.5
24.9
30.6
132.3
28.3
81.0
29.9
129.1

2,375.5
121.0
25.4
130.1
10.4
10.5
316.8
1,288.1
1,125.9
19.1
24.8
30.6
131.5
28.2
80.7
29.8
128.8

1,484.8
116.8
22.0
77.5
7.2
9.9
189.2
692.9
608.0
13.3
24.0
25.3
70.1
21.8
54.5
32.0
58.9

1,441.1
112.4
21.5
75.6
7.0
9.4
183.1
672.2
590.1
13.2
23.9
23.9
69.2
20.6
53.0
30.2
57.6

1,453.6
112.7
21.7
76.7
7.0
9.6
184.8
676.7
593.7
13.2
24.0
24.0
70.3
20.6
53.6
30.4
58.4

135.2
2.9
38.3
24.0
24.4

135.0
2.9
37.7
23.8
23.7

134.8
2.9
37.7
23.7
23.4

605.9
21.5
127.0
106.0
116.6

624.3
22.3
133.3
109.3
118.3

620.1
22.1
132.1
109.5
118.6

511.2
13.2
74.3
57.2
96.8

516.2
13.9
78.1
55.5
97.0

520.8
13.9
79.2
56.6
97.0

12.4
1.5
4.6
1.1

12.6
1.5
4.8
1.1

12.6
1.5
4.7
1.1

70.2
12.7
22.6
7.4

72.1
13.2
23.1
7.8

71.8
13.1
23.2
7.8

65.7
8.9
15.5
10.0

66.5
9.2
16.3
9.8

67.0
9.4
16.3
10.1

255.4
10.7
6.6
43.9
58.1
60.7
17.4
12.1
8.2

255.8
10.8
6.5
43.6
58.2
60.7
17.7
11.9
8.2

255.6
10.8
6.4
43.7
58.1
60.8
17.8
11.7
8.3

1,214.9
69.9
40.6
195.6
262.3
187.3
120.4
77.3
47.8

1,254.0
73.5
41.5
204.5
267.6
194.2
122.8
79.0
48.9

1,244.3
73.2
41.3
200.8
266.2
193.0
122.4
78.4
48.4

745.0
47.7
19.7
96.6
119.5
132.6
78.8
46.1
24.8

746.4
47.4
19.4
96.9
121.0
132.5
78.6
45.8
25.0

754.2
47.9
19.9
97.9
121.2
134.3
78.8
46.4
25.0

58.9
.9
1.7
24.3
17.9

58.3
.9
1.7
24.8
17.4

57.9
.9
1.7
24.9
17.3

276.3
5.4
6.2
106.6
83.0

279.7
5.5
6.5
109.2
84.4

280.9
5.5
6.6
109.1
84.1

268.5
4.1
12.0
102.9
38.8

271.4
4.0
11.9
102.8
40.0

271.0
4.1
12.1
103.1
39.6

79.9
5.8
2.6
51.7
6.1

83.7
5.7
2.6
52.9
6.1

84.0
5.7
2.6
52.9
6.1

301.3
29.1
12.4
169.1
24.1

313.5
30.0
13.2
174.7
24.9

310.2
30.1
13.0
175.2
24.7

233.0
26.0
9.6
87.0
32.5

235.3
25.8
10.0
88.0
32.4

235.3
25.9
10.0
88.4
32.5

299.0
14.6
2.1
1.6
5.5
21.4
4.7
8.0
160.5
63.7
55.2

299.4
14.6
2.2
1.6
5.7
22.7
4.6
7.8
160.3
62.7
56.2

299.7
14.8
2.2
1.6
5.6
22.7
4.6
7.8
160.5
62.5
56.3

1,467.5
76.3
12.4
12.6
31.0
71.6
21.3
43.8
709.7
272.9
314.9

1,497.9
78.9
12.6
13.0
31.7
73.5
21.6
45.0
720.8
277.6
319.1

1,495.0
77.2
12.4
13.0
31.5
73.3
21.5
45.0
722.8
279.0
318.6

721.1
32.3
7.6
7.9
14.4
69.2
13.0
17.9
306.7
141.3
109.3

708.3
30.9
7.5
8.0
14.0
68.0
12.7
17.1
298.9
137.8
107.5

712.9
31.3
7.6
8.1
14.1
68.6
13.0
17.5
302.4
138.8
108.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area
Nov.
1990
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

155.6
310.0
45.9
63.0
52.2
183.9

Oct.
1991

154.2
307.1
44.3
63.5
51.8
183.3

Nov.
1991P

155.4
307.9
44.7
63.7
51.9
183.7

451.6
128.4
321.8

437.7
122.2
312.2
1,566.4
217.7
257.0
343.4

1,563.5
218.2
258.3
343.5

294.3
38.6
76.4

302.7
40.1
79.4

302.2
39.5
79.3

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,207.2
203.2
173.8
265.0
480.6
507.3

2,200.6
204.0
175.1
265.6
484.1
510.8

2,198.4
203.2
175.7
266.5
483.6
511.0

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

7,119.8
48.7
78.7
385.2
146.1
67.2
75.2
56.3
137.9
1,386.5
210.1
592.2
76.4
1,622.1
73.3
45.1
69.5
100.3
103.2
44.8
44.5
36.7
523.9
38.4
46.8
62.7
28.5
82.4
50.4

7,176.6
48.8
78.5
384.4
151.4
69.0
78.0
57.1
138.9
1,381.2
210.9
586.3
77.8
1,640.7
74.9
45.1
69.1
98.8
104.7
45.3
45.4
37.5
523.9
37.6
46.8
63.2
29.6
83.6
50.1

7,190.7
48.9
78.3
385.6
152.1
68.9
77.8
57.4
138.1
1,383.5
211.7
585.5
77.1
1,639.4
75.3
45.4
69.1
98.6
104.6
45.8
45.7
37.0
526.2
37.7
46.9
63.1
30.1
83.6
50.4

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

(1)

0

0

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Waco
Wichita Falls

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

.5

.5

.5

7.5
14.3
1.6
2.7
2.7
10.4

.2
.2
.1

.1
.2
.1

.2
.2
.1

17.4
4.2
13.4

14.6
3.5
11.6

14.6
3.3
11.4

1.9

100.2
16.1
14.7
25.9

94.3
16.2
13.5
26.0

92.3
16.3
13.2
26.0

2.6
.2

12.3
2.4
3.5

13.9
2.8
4.5

13.2
2.6
4.2

5.9
.6

92.7
7.3
6.8
13.2
20.2
24.5

86.7
7.2
7.0
11.9
20.0
24.4

85.2
7.3
6.9
12.0
19.7
24.1

338.3
1.5
3.2
12.2
12.3
8.8
2.2
1.7
13.1
47.5
7.9
22.3
4.3
111.2
2.4
1.3
3.6
3.3
4.5
1.4
2.2
1.2
22.1
1.5
1.4
1.9
1.5
3.0
1.9

348.4
1.6
3.0
12.3
15.0
9.6
2.4
1.8
11.9
45.7
7.7
21.8
4.2
110.2
2.4
1.2
4.1
4.0
4.5
1.5
2.4
1.1
22.5
1.3
1.5
1.9
1.8
3.2
1.7

346.1
1.6
3.0
12.3
15.1
9.3
2.4
1.8
11.7
44.9
7.7
20.7
4.1
109.4
2.4
1.2
4.1
3.9
4.5
1.5
2.5
1.1
22.3
1.3
1.5
1.9
1.8
3.3
1.8

()
.4

0

1

()

2.1

.1

.1
(1)

(1)

(1)

0.6

0.6

0.6
1

437.1
122.6
311.6

1,568.0
212.9
250.9
343.0

Nov.
1990

1.9

(1)

(1)

(1)

0
(1)

0
(1)

(1)

1

(1)

(1)

()
5.9
.6

6.2
.6

(1)

(1)

(1)
1.4

1.3
(1)
(1)

(1)
1

( )

183.0
1.5
1.1
.7
1.9
2.0
(1)

.6
4.1
17.9
(1)
4.6
.6
70.5

O

(1)

2.7
.2

2.5
.2

1.8
3.5
.2
.9
9.2
5.4
.5
1.9

(1)
.1
1.7
1.6
(1)
1.4

176.6
1.5
.9
.7
1.9
1.9
(1)
.5
4.0
17.8
(1)
4.4
.7
70.5
1
()
1.8
3.3
.2
.8
8.8
5.1
.3
1.8
1
()
.1
1.7
1.6
(1)
1.4

1.3
(1)
(1)
176.2
1.4
.9
.7
1.9
1.9
(1)

.6
4.0
17.7

0

4.4
.7
69.5

O

1.8
3.3
.2
.8
9.1
5.2
.3
1.8

(1)

.1
1.7
1.6
(1)
1.4

7.3
13.7
1.6
2.7
3.2
9.8

7.3
13.5
1.5
2.5
3.1
9.6

See footnotes at end of table.




115

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
•>ublic utilities

Manufacturing
State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991"

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

45.5
68.7
11.8
8.4
15.7
57.2

44.6
66.6
11.3
8.3
15.1
55.9

44.5
66.7
11.5
8.5
15.2
56.1

6.7
17.0
2.2
1.8
1.7
8.2

6.7
17.0
2.1
1.7
1.8
8.4

6.8
17.1
2.1
1.7
1.8
8.3

34.9
74.2
11.4
12.3
11.9
47.8

34.1
73.3
10.8
12.8
11.4
47.3

34.6
74.1
11.0
13.1
11.5
47.7

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

98.7
46.3
62.5

92.8
44.2
59.7

92.8
44.3
59.4

15.8
3.7
12.0

15.5
3.5
12.2

15.4
3.6
12.0

97.2
33.2
64.9

93.1
30.0
60.6

93.1
30.6
60.7

380.1
21.6
27.2
99.3

369.4
20.9
27.6
96.3

370.5
20.9
27.6
97.0

67.4
10.9
11.8
14.8

66.9
11.6
11.5
15.3

67.0
11.7
11.5
15.3

351.7
53.1
56.1
80.4

349.0
53.6
55.9
80.6

348.9
53.9
56.4
80.6

34.2
3.9
8.9

36.7
3.9
9.8

37.0
3.9
9.8

13.7
1.9
4.9

13.9
1.9
5.0

14.0
1.9
5.0

78.1
11.3
21.8

79.5
11.9
21.4

79.7
11.9
21.8

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

519.9
46.1
52.4
49.6
61.3
89.2

516.5
44.8
53.0
48.8
61.9
88.6

516.5
44.3
52.8
49.2
62.0
88.5

117.5
9.3
6.3
11.6
48.0
26.9

116.1
9.2
6.5
11.5
48.4
27.0

115.5
9.2
6.6
11.4
48.3
26.9

526.3
48.8
41.0
70.2
127.4
125.3

518.9
48.7
39.7
69.5
127.6
126.8

523.6
48.8
40.7
70.2
127.9
127.5

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi

988.8
4.5
8.9
49.4
25.6
16.8
11.2
3.5
12.4
220.0
42.6
116.6
8.7
176.7
8.9
1.7
16.0
7.1
13.9
2.3
4.3
5.0
43.4
11.0
7.1
11.1
3.1
15.5
8.3

974.4
4.4
9.1
48.7
26.1
17.1
12.1
3.5
12.4
211.1
41.4
103.3
8.5
176.9
8.7
1.5
15.9
6.9
12.9
2.4
4.6
5.1
43.4
10.4
6.6
11.0
3.1
15.5
8.1

972.3
4.5
9.0
48.9
26.2
16.9
12.1
3.5
12.4
211.2
41.0
102.8
8.5
176.4
8.7
1.5
15.8
6.8
12.8
2.4
4.7
5.1
43.9
10.5
6.5
11.0
3.2
15.4
8.2

427.3
2.8
5.5
12.0
9.6
2.9
3.2
1.3
6.6
83.5
10.8
56.3
5.3
111.5
2.5
6.2
3.5
5.7
3.2
2.4
2.0
2.6
21.9
1.6
2.4
2.8
1.4
3.5
2.7

436.1
2.8
5.6
12.3
9.6
3.1
3.5
1.4
6.6
85.1
10.7
58.1
5.5
112.9
2.5
6.4
3.6
5.3
3.1
2.5
2.2
2.6
22.6
1.6
2.5
2.9
1.4
3.4
2.7

435.8
2.8
5.6
12.2
9.6
3.1
3.5
1.4
6.6
85.0
10.7
58.0
5.2
112.3
2.5
6.4
3.6
5.4
3.1
2.5
2.1
2.7
22.6
1.6
2.5
2.9
1.4
3.4
2.7

1,723.8
12.8
22.7
77.7
33.5
12.7
20.2
11.4
32.1
359.5
52.4
152.4
15.0
376.0
15.9
14.4
17.3
29.0
32.0
10.6
12.8
9.1
132.6
8.0
11.1
16.1
7.6
19.2
11.7

1,724.3
12.7
22.8
76.8
33.7
12.9
20.9
11.4
32.5
357.4
52.6
150.7
15.4
375.5
16.6
13.8
16.9
28.3
32.6
10.9
12.8
9.4
132.0
8.0
10.9
15.9
7.8
19.2
11.5

1,735.0
12.7
22.8
77.3
34.2
13.2
20.8
11.9
32.2
361.4
53.5
152.0
15.3
377.6
16.9
14.1
16.9
28.2
32.6
11.0
12.9
9.0
132.7
8.0
11.0
16.0
7.9
19.3
11.6

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
See footnotes at end of table.

116




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Nov.
1990
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton- Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

8.4

13.7

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

8.4
13.4

8.5
13.4
1.4
1.9
2.4
5.3

1.4

1.4

1.9
2.3
5.2

1.9
2.5
5.3

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

27.2
3.7
22.7

25.9
3.2
21.6

25.8

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

66.0

65.8
7.9
18.8
12.0

65.3

17.7
12.1

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

16.4

16.4

16.4

1.4

1.4

8.3

1.5
8.2

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

101.8
13.2
5.2
10.4
25.2
30.5

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

Waco
Wichita Falls

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991^

Nov.
1990

33.9
78.4
11.9
11.0
10.8
35.3

34.8
80.7
11.6
11.5
10.7
36.8

35.1
80.5
11.6
11.2
10.7
36.5

18.7
43.1

129.9
25.4
98.4

131.1
26.0
99.0

302.9
47.3
54.4
66.3

Oct.
1991

18.3
41.8

Nov.
1991?

18.6
42.0

5.6

5.5

5.6

24.5

24.5

24.7

7.1

7.1

7.2

19.3

19.3

19.7

130.3
25.8
98.8

65.2
11.7
47.8

64.6
11.6
47.4

64.9
11.6
47.7

317.9
49.9
57.4
69.2

314.7
49.9
58.1
68.1

297.6
56.3
69.0
44.2

301.2
57.6
72.3
44.0

302.9
57.6
72.8
44.4

74.9
10.5
22.3

74.0
10.2
22.2

64.6

64.7

65.3

8.2

72.5
10.1
21.4

7.4
7.6

7.4
8.2

8.1

100.7
13.4
5.2
10.3
25.1
30.5

100.5
13.3
5.2
10.3
25.2
30.5

488.0
43.0
35.9
57.2
121.6
140.9

500.2
43.7
37.5
60.7
123.1
143.3

496.7
43.9
37.4
60.4
122.1
143.1

354.8
34.9
26.2
51.4
76.9
70.0

355.6
36.4
26.2
51.6
78.0
70.2

354.5
35.8
26.1
51.7
78.4
70.4

429.2

427.8

23.3
5.5
1.8
3.7
1.8
6.1

1,766.7
14.7
17.8
100.2
37.7

9.2

5.4
1.8
3.4

1,766.2
14.6
17.9
99.9
37.7
10.0
17.9
10.7
34.1
377.3
44.8
141.1
15.2
476.8
18.0

9.2

23.4

1,723.6
14.5
17.7
98.1
36.2

1,322.8

2.0
4.2

428.3
2.0

1,305.8

1.9
4.4

15.0
110.4
21.9
12.6
17.5
26.0
31.3
164.3
45.6
80.3
23.2
217.2
23.3
10.4

1,330.3
9.2
15.1
110.9
21.9
12.8
17.5
25.5
31.3
165.3
45.7
80.4
23.2
218.3
23.4
10.5

7.6

1.9
6.3
124.1

122.5

3.2

21.5

7.9

18.7
12.1

4.1

23.1
5.5
1.8
3.7
1.8
6.1

122.2

8.4

8.1

8.3

27.1

26.6

26.6

5.1

5.1

5.1

103.1

100.7

100.2

3.4
1.8

2.6
5.5
4.0
2.3
1.5
1.6
39.1

3.4
1.7
2.6
5.6
3.9
2.1
1.3
1.6

3.4
1.7
2.6
5.5
3.9
2.1
1.3
1.6

37.5

37.4

2.1
1.8
3.5
1.6
5.3
2.1

2.1
1.7
3.4
1.6
5.2
2.1

2.1
1.7
3.3
1.6
5.2
2.1

7.4

8.3

8.2

15.2
111.7
21.6
12.5
17.8
25.1
30.6
163.2
44.3
77.2
22.7
210.5
22.8
10.0

14.1
24.9
18.5

14.2
24.9
18.5

8.9

8.6

8.6

23.9
26.6

23.6
28.4

23.7
28.4

9.5
8.2
9.0

9.8
8.6
9.6

9.9
8.6
9.4

7.1
8.1
7.7

7.3
8.4
7.8

7.3
8.4
7.8

140.4

141.1

141.6

122.5

123.0

123.9

9.7

17.2
10.8
32.7
370.8
43.7
135.7
14.7
462.6
17.4
7.9
14.1
25.6
18.1

9.9

17.8
10.9
33.8
375.8
44.8
140.6
15.0
475.7
18.0

9.7

9.7

9.7

4.5

4.5

4.5

11.2
15.9

11.5
16.5

11.6
16.5

11.7
9.7

12.0

12.0

6.4

6.8

6.9

5.3

9.9
5.5

22.6
12.6

23.4
12.9

23.3
12.9

13.3
9.7

13.7
9.7

9.8

5.7
13.7
9.7

See footnotes at end of table.




117

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

(Construction

Mining

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

744.8
99.6
505.2

759.3
103.1
513.6

762.9
103.9
516.7

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

255.5
34.5
80.2

253.2
34.4
79.3

252.1
34.5
78.9

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,911.9
34.7
74.2
42.2
77.7
587.9
774.9
480.3
130.2

2,881.4
35.2
72.9
41.5
75.7
584.0
758.6
477.7
128.6

Washington
Seattle

2,204.8
1,132.4

Nov.
1990

8.5

8.6
(1)

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991?

Oct.
1991

8.5
(1)

(1)
3.0

3.0

.5

.5

3.0

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

29.7
3.1
20.5

33.1
4.6
23.2

32.8
4.4
23.0

.5

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

15.1
2.1
4.4

12.9
2.1
3.6

12.0
2.1
3.3

2,887.0
35.4
73.2
40.9
75.6
583.9
761.2
479.8
128.7

15.3
(1)
1
()
(1)
(1)
(1)
.6
.7
1
()

14.5
(1)
1
()
(1)
(1)
(1)
.5
.6
1
()

14.5
(1)
1
()
(1)

175.7
1.3
4.1
2.1
3.8
33.8
48.5
30.8
7.8

162.8
1.3
3.8
2.1
3.5
33.0
41.8
29.5
7.1

160.8
1.3
3.7
2.0
3.4
32.6
41.0
29.4
6.9

2,195.7
1,139.6

2,190.9
1,142.9

3.8
.6

3.7
.6

3.6
.6

124.1
62.7

119.7
65.0

112.9
62.0

^32.0
113.5
112.7
62.4
60.8

634.9
113.7
111.3
62.4
60.5

635.4
113.7
111.5
62.5
61.0

35.5
2.1
1.5
.5
2.3

33.4
2.3
1.6
.5
2.2

33.3
2.3
1.6
.5
2.2

27.9
5.4
4.9
3.0
2.1

29.6
5.4
5.0
2.8
2.0

28.1
5.2
4.9
2.8
2.0

2,311.8
163.5
59.1
108.2
61.1
42.2
53.7
226.5
761.1
77.6
51.9
53.2

2,327.9
167.4
60.6
110.8
58.4
44.4
53.7
229.5
766.5
76.9
54.3
54.8

2,325.9
166.5
60.5
111.1
59.1
45.0
53.5
230.4
768.5
77.7
54.1
55.0

2.3

83.7
7.9
2.4
5.7
1.5
1.8
1.5
8.7
26.6
2.5
1.6
2.3

86.4
8.5
3.2
6.3
1.2
1.9
1.2
8.7
26.5
2.1
1.9
2.8

83.1
8.3
3.0
6.5
1.2
2.1
1.1
8.5
25.8
2.2
1.7
3.0

Wyoming
Casper

199.8
29.2

204.7
29.4

201.4
29.1

19.0
2.5

10.9
1.5

12.3
1.9

11.5
1.8

Puerto Rico
Caguas

840.9
54.5
57.2
55.5
520.2

845.0
55.2
57.4
55.5
520.7

851.5
55.2
59.2
55.9
523.5

.9

45.3
1.5
1.9
3.8
31.7

46.7
1.5
2.2
3.3
34.2

46.2
1.4
2.3
3.2
33.5

4.2

3.1

3.0

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.

118




43.2

41.2

41.4

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

V)
0
V)
V)
V)
V)
V)
O
V)

19.1
2.6

18.6
2.7

.9

.9

1

()

()

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

.5
.6

1

2.4

2.4
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

O

0)
(1)

.5

.5

.5
1

()

1

()

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
Dublic utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

109.5
14.5
69.4

107.5
14.2
68.3

106.8
14.3
68.0

43.3
2.4
33.6

43.4
2.3
33.8

43.4
2.4
33.8

180.3
24.6
125.7

180.3
24.1
125.6

184.6
24.8
128.3

44.7
4.5
15.2

43.9
4.5
14.7

43.8
4.3
14.7

10.9
.9
3.4

10.9
.9
3.2

10.8
.9
3.2

60.2
7.3
19.8

58.1
7.1
19.7

58.2
7.1
19.5

Roanoke

422.2
10.1
8.9
15.8
23.2
66.6
35.0
64.8
19.7

416.1
10.8
8.2
15.6
22.8
65.8
32.7
64.0
18.9

412.7
10.8
8.3
14.8
22.8
64.2
32.5
63.8
18.6

150.1
1.6
2.6
1.1
2.9
28.0
51.8
24.3
8.3

148.3
1.6
2.6
1.2
2.8
28.1
48.4
23.9
8.3

148.9
1.6
2.6
1.2
2.8
28.3
48.5
23.8
8.3

667.8
9.0
15.5
9.1
17.1
143.8
176.8
109.7
36.8

645.1
8.7
14.8
8.5
16.2
139.8
171.0
107.5
35.8

655.5
8.8
15.3
8.7
16.3
143.2
173.8
110.0
36.3

Washington
Seattle

370.1
222.4

366.9
221.7

363.2
220.8

116.1
69.7

115.0
70.0

114.2
70.1

532.3
268.1

517.5
265.6

519.6
269.3

84.6
10.6
20.7
14.3
7.3

83.4
10.8
19.6
14.0
7.1

83.5
10.8
19.4
14.0
7.3

37.2
9.2
8.1
2.5
3.3

37.2
9.2
7.6
2.5
3.2

37.1
9.2
7.4
2.4
3.3

148.2
30.1
29.0
15.1
16.4

145.4
29.2
28.7
15.2
16.1

146.4
29.5
29.1
15.4
16.2

Wausau

554.7
52.7
11.0
23.4
19.2
9.2
10.6
26.5
173.5
26.1
21.7
15.1

553.0
53.8
10.6
23.7
17.0
9.7
10.5
26.5
171.5
24.6
23.0
14.9

548.7
53.0
10.4
23.2
16.9
9.9
9.9
26.6
171.5
25.3
22.9
14.9

108.7
6.5
3.2
7.8
2.5
1.4
2.4
8.6
37.8
2.3
1.7
3.2

111.9
6.6
3.2
8.1
2.1
1.4
2.5
9.0
38.5
2.3
1.6
3.3

112.5
6.5
3.2
8.2
2.1
1.4
2.5
9.0
38.7
2.4
1.6
3.3

549.2
36.3
15.6
27.7
14.7
12.0
14.6
51.9
173.8
18.2
9.9
12.8

540.9
36.3
16.1
27.2
14.7
12.6
14.5
51.9
171.8
18.2
9.8
12.8

545.2
36.7
16.3
27.7
14.9
12.6
14.7
52.5
174.5
18.3
9.9
12.9

Wyoming
Casper

9.9
1.8

10.3
1.8

10.1
1.8

14.6
1.8

14.6
1.7

14.5
1.7

45.1
8.1

45.7
8.1

44.9
8.1

153.3
15.4
18.5
10.2
65.4

151.6
16.2
17.1
10.2
63.7

152.7
16.0
18.1
10.4
63.6

21.3
.5
.5
1.4
17.0

19.7
.6
.6
1.4
16.1

19.8
.6
.6
1.4
16.1

158.0
11.5
8.7
8.8
107.9

154.4
11.1
8.8
8.8
105.6

157.7
11.3
9.1
8.9
107.7

2.5

2.6

2.6

2.4

2.3

2.4

9.4

9.0

9.1

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee

Racine
Sheboygan

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez

Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.




119

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991"

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

34.3
2.3
28.4

35.9
2.4
30.1

35.8
2.5
30.0

185.7
37.7
124.8

194.1
39.7
128.0

193.6
39.6
128.8

153.4
15.0
99.8

156.5
15.8
101.6

157.4
15.9
101.8

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

11.9
2.6
4.1

11.1
2.5
3.6

11.1
2.5
3.6

67.0
8.8
20.6

69.7
8.5
21.3

69.3
8.8
21.2

45.2
8.3
12.7

46.1
8.8
13.2

46.4
8.8
13.4

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

152.1
1.1
3.7
1.4
3.4
26.9
50.0
40.2
8.6

149.6
1.1
3.4
1.4
3.4
25.9
49.2
39.0
8.4

149.1
1.1
3.4
1.4
3.4
25.6
49.1
38.8
8.3

739.4
5.6
14.5
7.0
17.3
150.4
262.5
110.8
32.9

756.6
5.6
15.5
7.1
17.1
154.0
266.0
113.4
34.3

752.4
5.6
15.1
7.1
17.0
152.1
266.1
112.1
34.4

589.3
6.0
24.9
5.7
10.0
138.4
149.7
99.0

16.1

588.4
6.1
24.6
5.6
9.9
137.4
149.0
99.8
15.8

593.1
6.2
24.8
5.7
9.9
137.9
149.7
101.3
15.9

Washington
Seattle

118.3
74.6

117.7
75.5

116.8
75.3

525.5
279.7

532.7
287.4

529.6
285.0

414.6
154.6

422.5
153.8

431.0
159.8

24.6
6.6
3.8
2.2
3.0

24.7
6.5
3.9
2.2
3.1

24.7
6.5
3.9
2.2
3.1

148.8
29.7
25.2
15.1
17.1

153.4
30.6
25.3
15.2
17.5

153.4
30.5
25.4
15.2
17.6

125.2
19.8
19.5
9.7
9.3

127.8
19.7
19.6
10.0
9.3

128.9
19.7
19.8
10.0
9.3

120.7
7.9
1.8
5.9
1.7
1.3
1.6
19.5
50.7
2.3
2.2
3.7

122.1
8.2
1.8
6.8
1.5
1.4
1.6
19.6
50.9
2.3
2.1
3.9

122.3
8.2
1.8
6.9
1.5
1.4
1.6
19.6
51.0
2.3
2.1
3.9

538.0
33.4
13.2
25.4
14.0
9.8
15.1
49.2
211.0
17.6
9.2
9.6

557.3
35.5
13.7
25.6
14.5
10.6
15.5
51.0
218.2
18.5
9.9
10.2

555.6
35.2
13.6
25.5
15.0
10.5
15.4
50.9
217.8
18.2
9.9
10.1

354.4
18.8
12.0
12.3
7.6
6.6
7.9
62.1
87.7
8.7
5.5
6.5

353.9
18.4
12.0
13.0
7.3
6.8
7.8
62.9
89.0
8.8
5.8
6.9

356.2
18.7
12.1
13.2
7.4
7.0
8.3
63.4
89.2
8.9
5.8
6.9

7.2
1.4

7.3
1.3

7.3
1.3

36.0
6.7

38.3
6.8

36.4
6.7

57.5
5.2

57.1
5.2

57.7
5.2

36.8
1.4
1.4
1.8
29.4

36.2
1.2
1.4
1.7
28.8

36.1
1.2
1.5
1.7
28.9

135.7
7.9
7.5
12.0
95.6

140.5
8.3
8.5
12.4
97.8

142.2
8.4
8.7
12.5
98.8

289.4
16.3
18.6
17.5
172.6

295.0
16.2
18.9
17.6
174.1

296.0
16.3
19.1
17.6
174.5

2.1

2.0

2.0

9.2

8.7

8.7

13.4

13.5

13.6

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands
Combined with construction.
Not available.
= preliminary.

120




NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1990 benchmarks.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

Construction

Mining

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

1964.
1965.
1966.
1967.
1968.
1969.

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60

$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

1970.
1971 .
1972.
1973.
1974.
1975.
1976.
1977.
1978.
1979.

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99

1980.
1981 .
1982.
1983.
1984.
1985.
1986.
1987.
1988.
1989.

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8
34.8
34.7
34.6

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76
8.98
9.28
9.66

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85
312.50
322.02
334.24

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2
42.4
42.3
43.0

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.46
12.54
12.80
13.26

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
525.81
531.70
541.44
570.18

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4
37.8
37.9
37.9

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.48
12.71
13.08
13.54

367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.46
466.75
480.44
495.73
513.17

1990.
1991P

34.5
34.3

10.02
10.34

345.69
354.66

44.1
44.4

13.69
14.21

603.73
630.92

38.2
38.1

13.78
14.01

526.40
533.78

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1990:
December.
1991:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November**
December"

34.7

$10.19

$353.59

45.5

$13.88

$631.54

38.3

$13.92

$533.14

33.7
33.9
34.0
34.0
34.2
34.7
34.5
34.7
34.7
34.4
34.3
34.7

10.22
10.23
10.24
10.30
10.31
10.31
10.30
10.31
10.46
10.44
10.46
10.51

344.41
346.80
348.16
350.20
352.60
357.76
355.35
357.76
362.96
359.14
358.78
364.70

44.4
44.4
44.0
43.9
44.3
45.0
43.6
44.5
44.8
44.4
44.6
44.5

14.20
14.10
14.09
14.12
14.10
14.24
14.20
14.16
14.35
14.14
14.30
14.52

630.48
626.04
619.96
619.87
624.63
640.80
619.12
630.12
642.88
627.82
637.78
646.14

36.2
37.0
37.2
37.8
38.2
38.7
38.6
38.7
39.0
39.1
37.6
37.9

14.02
13.93
13.93
13.99
13.96
13.88
13.97
14.03
14.15
14.13
13.97
14.07

507.52
515.41
518.20
528.82
533.27
537.16
539.24
542.96
551.85
552.48
525.27
533.25

See footnotes at end of table.




121

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing
Year and
month

Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Wholesale trade

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.60
2.73
2.87
3.04
3.23

$102.56
106.08
111.11
115.66
121.90
129.85

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.4
39.4
39.2
38.8
38.6
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.43
3.64
3.85
4.07
4.38
4.72
5.02
5.39
5.88
6.39

136.86
143.42
151.69
159.54
169.94
182.19
194.27
209.13
228.14
247.93

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01
406.31
418.81
429.68

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.2
38.8
38.9

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70
12.03
12.26
12.60

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64
471.58
475.69
490.14

38.4
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.1
38.1
38.0

6.95
7.55
8.08
8.54
8.88
9.15
9.34
9.59
9.98
10.39

266.88
290.68
309.46
328.79
341.88
351.36
357.72
365.38
380.24
394.82

441.86
455.03

38.9
38.7

12.96
13.23

504.14
512.00

38.1
38.1

10.79
11.16

411.10
425.20

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2

3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7
41.0
41.1
41.0

7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.54
9.73
9.91
10.19
10.48

7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.34
9.48
9.73
10.02

1990
1991P

40.8
40.7

10.83
11.18

10.37
10.71

Annual averages
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

.

. .

. .

.. ..

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1990:
December
1991:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October..
November*
December"

41.3

$11.05

$10.57

$456.37

39.1

$13.14

$513.77

38.4

$11.04

$423.94

40.2
39.9
40.1
40.1
40.3
40.9
40.4
40.9
41.4
41.1
41.3
41.7

11.05
11.02
11.06
11.11
11.15
11.19
11.22
11.17
11.27
11.25
11.30
11.38

10.62
10.61
10.64
10.69
10.72
10.71
10.74
10.67
10.73
10.74
10.78
10.85

444.21
439.70
443.51
445.51
449.35
457.67
453.29
456.85
466.58
462.38
466.69
474.55

38.2
38.3
38.3
38.4
38.6
39.1
38.9
38.9
39.1
38.6
38.6
38.9

13.18
13.17
13.15
13.19
13.17
13.16
13.25
13.26
13.32
13.24
13.30
13.34

503.48
504.41
503.65
506.50
508.36
514.56
515.43
515.81
520.81
511.06
513.38
518.93

37.7
37.7
37.9
37.9
38.1
38.5
38.1
38.2
38.4
38.2
38.1
38.5

11.04
11.08
11.06
11.12
11.11
11.19
11.14
11.14
11.24
11.19
11.25
11.37

416.21
417.72
419.17
421.45
423.29
430.82
424.43
425.55
431.62
427.46
428.63
437.75

See footnotes at end of table.

122




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

Services
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.3
35.9
35.8

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.36
8.73
9.06
9.53

209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.30
316.90
325.25
341.17

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.6
32.6

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.18
8.49
8.88
9.38

190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.75
265.85
275.93
289.49
305.79

35.8
35.8

9.97
10.42

356.93
373.04

32.6
32.5

9.83
10.24

320.46
332.80

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

1964.
1965.
1966.
1967.
1968.
1969.

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

1970.
1971 .
1972.
1973.
1974.
1975.
1976.
1977.
1978.
1979.

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

1980.
1981 .
1982.
1983.
1984.
1985.
1986.
1987.
1988.
1989.

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2
29.2
29.1
28.9

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03
6.12
6.31
6.53

147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
176.08
178.70
183.62
188.72

1990.
1991P

28.8
28.6

6.76
7.00

194.69
200.20

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1990:
December.
1991:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December15

29.2

$6.84

$199.73

36.2

$10.24

$370.69

32.7

$10.11

$330.60

27.6
28.0
28.1
28.3
28.6
29.2
29.3
29.3
28.8
28.4
28.5
29.0

6.90
6.89
6.91
6.98
6.97
6.98
6.98
6.97
7.07
7.07
7.11
7.11

190.44
192.92
194.17
197.53
199.34
203.82
204.51
204.22
203.62
200.79
202.64
206.19

35.7
35.8
35.6
35.6
35.5
36.2
35.6
35.7
36.1
35.5
35.7
36.3

10.24
10.30
10.33
10.36
10.36
10.42
10.36
10.37
10.53
10.49
10.55
10.69

365.57
368.74
367.75
368.82
367.78
377.20
368.82
370.21
380.13
372.40
376.64
388.05

32.1
32.3
32.3
32.3
32.3
32.8
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.4
32.4
32.7

10.12
10.14
10.16
10.19
10.21
10.19
10.13
10.15
10.33
10.33
10.40
10.51

324.85
327.52
328.17
329.14
329.78
334.23
330.24
331.91
336.76
334.69
336.96
343.68

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.




p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1990 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1990 forward are subject to revision.

123

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Average overtime hours
Dec.
1991P

34.3

Mining

34.7

34.4

34.3

45.5

44.4

44.6

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

34.7

45.0

Total private

Nov.
1990

44.5

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

42.3
42.7
45.1

42.5
42.9
44.3

43.1
42.8
44.9

43.1
41.1
45.5

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

44.1
44.0

45.3
45.4

44.5
44.6

45.2
45.3

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

45.6
44.1
46.4

46.1
43.7
47.5

44.1
40.7
46.2

44.4
41.6
46.2

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

14
142

45.3
45.9

45.0
45.7

45.9
46.4

45.1
45.9

38.2

38.3

39.1

37.6

Crushed and broken stone
Construction

37.9

General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

15
152
153
154

37.6
36.6
36.6
38.5

37.9
36.6
36.9
39.1

38.2
37.0
38.5
39.4

37.5
36.6
38.4
38.4

16
161
162

41.9
42.7
41.5

41.4
41.2
41.5

43.9
45.2
43.3

41.1
40.5
41.4

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

37.4
38.0
36.5
38.7
35.4
35.6
35.1

37.7
38.7
36.4
39.6
35.7
36.1
34.9

38.0
38.6
37.3
39.1
35.7
35.3
36.1

36.7
38.1
36.0
38.4
34.5
34.5
33.7

40.8

41.3

41.1

41.3

41.7

3.8

3.8

3.9

4.0

4.1

41.3

41.9

41.6

41.6

42.3

3.7

3.9

3.9

3.9

4.1

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ..
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

39.4
38.9
40.2
40.6
38.8
39.2
38.7
39.0
39.5
41.4
39.5
37.8
37.4
39.9

40.2
39.8
41.0
41.4
39.5
40.0
39.4
39.7
41.5
42.8
39.8
37.8
37.9
40.5

40.4
40.4
41.8
42.1
40.5
40.1
39.6
39.4
41.4
41.7
39.1
37.8
37.6
40.3

40.4
40.9
41.5
41.9
40.1
40.4
39.9
40.2
41.2
42.5
39.5
37.2
37.2
39.8

41.2

3.2
4.3
3.7
4.1
2.3
2.5
2.0
2.5
3.1
3.9
3.0
2.2
2.0
3.1

3.3
4.2
4.1
4.4
2.9
2.8
2.3
2.6
3.6
4.4
3.1
1.9
1.9
2.9

3.5
4.9
4.3
4.6
3.3
3.0
2.5
2.5
4.2
3.9
2.7
2.1
1.9
3.3

3.5
4.2
4.4
4.8
3.2
3.2
2.7
3.2
3.8
4.3
2.7
1.5
1.5
3.1

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

38.9
37.9
38.4
36.9
39.9
37.4
39.6
41.4
40.9
40.0

39.8
38.9
38.7
38.6
42.1
38.4
41.0
41.9
41.3
40.3

39.5
38.9
39.6
38.0
39.9
37.7
38.6
42.2
41.4
39.3

39.1
383
39.0
37.2
39.6
37.3
39.7
41.8
40.3
40.4

40.7

2.3
1.7
2.0
1.3
2.6
1.4
3.0
3.5
3.5
2.8

2.6
2.1
2.1
2.2
3.4
1.4
3.3
3.5
3.5
2.7

2.9
2.5
2.7
2.1
2.6
2.1
2.7
4.8
3.8
2.8

2.7
2.2
2.3
2.0
2.7
1.6
3.5
4.4
3.0
3.1

See footnotes at end of table.

124




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991 P

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991 P

Dec.
1991 P

$10.16 $10.19 $10.44 $10.46 $10.51 $348.49 $353.59 $359.14 $358.78 $364.70

Total private

13.82

Mining

13.88

14.14

14.30

14.52 621.90

631.54

627.82

637.78

646.14

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

14.32
15.35
12.93

14.37
15.43
12.97

14.94
15.92
13.50

15.21
18.07
13.43

605.74
655.45
583.14

610.73
661.95
574.57

643.91
681.38
606.15

655.55
742.68
611.07

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

16.87
17.03

16.92
17.08

16.99
17.13

17.27
17.41

743.97
749.32

766.48
775.43

756.06
764.00

780.60
788.67

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

13.09
16.44
11.35

13.11
16.53
11.37

13.47
16.63
11.67

13.51
16.63
11.66

596.90
725.00
526.64

604.37
722.36
540.08

594.03
676.84
539.15

599.84
691.81
538.69

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

14
142

11.74
11.25

11.75
11.12

11.98
11.32

12.06
11.39

531.82
516.38

528.75
508.18

549.88
525.25

543.91
522.80

13.87

13.92

14.13

13.97

14.07 529.83

533.14

552.48

525.27

15
152
153
154

13.12
12.18
13.35
13.94

13.24
12.35
13.72
13.99

13.35
12.26
14.56
14.30

13.23
12.13
14.88
14.18

493.31
445.79
488.61
536.69

501.80
452.01
506.27
547.01

509.97
453.62
560.56
563.42

496.13
443.96
571.39
544.51

16
161
162

13.50
13.28
13.60

13.32
12.76
13.54

14.12
13.91
14.23

13.63
13.30
13.78

565.65
567.06
564.40

551.45
525.71
561.91

619.87
628.73
616.16

560.19
538.65
570.49

17

14.28
14.51
12.84
15.25
14.34
14.06
12.37

14.36
14.64
12.92
15.41
14.40
14.16
12.34

14.43
14.82
13.22
15.38
14.46
14.51
12.28

14.36
14.68
13.04
15.33
14.43
14.42
12.34

534.07
551.38
468.66
590.18
507.64
500.54
434.19

541.37
566.57
470.29
610.24
514.08
511.18
430.67

548.34
575.02
493.11
601.36
516.22
512.20
443.31

527.01
559.31
469.44
588.67
497.84
497.49
415.86

10.96

11.05

11.25

11.30

11.38 447.17

456.37

462.38

466.69

474.55

11.47

11.59

11.87

11.90

11.95 473.71

485.62

493.79

495.04

505.49

Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

171

172
173
174
175
176

Manufacturing
Durable goods

533.25

Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

9.11
11.11
9.21
9.56
7.59
9.14
9.43
8.64
7.73
10.31
6.65
8.73
8.76
8.40

9.11
10.85
9.27
9.62
7.65
9.16
9.52
8.57
7.75
10.31
6.64
8.80
8.83
8.44

9.35
11.31
9.48
9.84
7.89
9.32
9.56
8.89
8.02
10.44
6.76
9.13
9.16
8.64

9.36
11.09
9.51
9.87
7.89
9.38
9.63
9.02
7.92
10.56
6.77
9.03
9.05
8.76

9.40 358.93
432.18
370.24
388.14
294.49
358.29
364.94
336.96
305.34
426.83
262.68
329.99
327.62
335.16

366.22
431.83
380.07
398.27
302.18
366.40
375.09
340.23
321.63
441.27
264.27
332.64
334.66
341.82

377.74
456.92
396.26
414.26
319.55
373.73
378.58
350.27
332.03
435.35
264.32
345.11
344.42
348.19

378.14
453.58
394.67
413.55
316.39
378.95
384.24
362.60
326.30
448.80
267.42
335.92
336.66
348.65

387.28

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251
2511
2512

8.63
7.96
7.45
8.70
8.15
8.23
9.75
9.24
9.84
9.05

8.69
8.04
7.51
8.79
8.07
8.43
9.86
9.30
9.88
8.93

8.85
8.22
7.68
8.98
8.32
8.50
9.62
9.53
10.18
9.33

8.85
8.24
7.67
9.06
8.30
8.48
9.70
9.58
10.03
9.34

8.93 335.71
301.68
286.08
321.03
325.19
307.80
386.10
382.54
402.46
362.00

345.86
312.76
290.64
339.29
339.75
323.71
404.26
389.67
408.04
359.88

349.58
319.76
304.13
341.24
331.97
320.45
371.33
402.17
421.45
366.67

346.04
315.59
299.13
337.03
328.68
316.30
385.09
400.44
404.21
377.34

363.45

2514

2515
252
253
254
259

See footnotes at end of table.




125

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

1987
SIC
Code

32
321
322
3221

3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273

329
3291
3292

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344

See footnotes at end of table.

126




336
3365

3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345

3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471

3479
348
3483
349
3494

3496

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991 P

Average overtime hours
Dec.
1991 P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

42.1
44.3
42.0
42.3
41.7
41.0
42.9
40.3
40.3
43.1
43.3
42.8
42.9
41.7
41.6
39.0

41.8
43.8
41.7
42.2
41.1
41.2
42.0
40.5
39.9
42.5
43.8
43.2
40.9
42.0
41.4
41.8

42.5
44.6
42.3
42.0
42.6
41.1
40.8
39.9
40.8
44.1
44.3
43.6
43.9
42.0
41.5
40.4

41.9
44.1
42.4
42.2
42.6
41.0
42.3
40.2
40.8
42.4
42.8
42.2
41.7
41.8
41.4
40.9

41.9

4.8
5.9
4.5
5.4
3.5
3.0
4.3
3.0
3.0
6.1
6.2
5.6
6.4
4.8
3.6
1.9

4.4
5.0
4.5
5.5
3.5
3.3
3.8
2.7
2.9
5.4
5.8
5.1
5.2
4.7
3.6
4.6

5.2
6.4
4.6
5.4
3.8
3.4
3.0
3.0
3.4
7.0
6.9
6.0
7.6
4.9
4.0
4.6

4.7
5.6
4.8
5.5
4.2
3.1
3.6
3.3
3.4
5.7
5.6
5.1
5.7
4.5
3.4
5.6

42.9
43.9
44.5
43.2
41.9
41.7
43.2
41.5
43.9
43.5
42.7
41.1
44.9
41.9
40.9
41.5

42.9
43.7
43.9
43.8
42.2
42.0
43.5
41.4
44.3
43.8
42.9
40.7
45.4
41.8
41.1
41.1

42.7
43.3
43.7
42.3
42.2
42.7
43.1
40.6
43.6
43.5
42.7
41.7
45.4
42.0
41.0
41.6

42.8
43.4
43.6
426
42.3
42.5
43.8
40.9
43.3
42.5
43.3
42.1
46.1
42.5
41.0
41.1

43.1
43.5

5.1
5.8
6.2
4.5
4.6
4.4
5.6
4.6
5.5
5.8
5.5
5.1
8.6
4.6
3.2
3.6

5.0
5.5
5.9
4.9
4.4
4.3
5.4
4.4
5.3
5.6
5.5
4.9
9.2
4.3
3.3
3.8

5.0
5.4
5.7
4.5
4.5
4.9
5.2
3.4
5.1
5.6
5.5
5.5
8.3
4.9
3.4
3.6

5.0
5.3
5.6
4.1
4.4
4.7
5.5
3.1
5.3
5.4
5.9
5.8
9.1
5.1
3.4
3.2

41.3
43.1
43.6
40.7
39.8
40.5
40.2
39.0
41.3
41.1
41.8
39.7
42.6
40.5
39.8
41.8
40.3
43.3
41.3
42.2
40.9
41.2
41.1
40.5
42.1
40.6
41.2
41.5
44.2
40.3

41.9
44.6
45.2
41.3
40.5
41.1
40.8
40.5
41.9
41.6
42.6
38.8
43.2
41.5
40.4
41.8
40.5
43.2
41.7
42.4
41.3
41.7
42.1
41.3
43.6
42.5
42.9
42.2
44.2
41.4

41.8
42.9
43.4
41.9
41.8
41.5
41.9
41.8
40.8
41.1
41.6
40.0
42.5
40.2
39.9
42.5
41.6
43.4
42.6
40.4
43.7
41.8
41.4
40.9
42.2
41.1
40.4
41.8
42.1
41.0

41.8
42.9
43.5
41.8
41.4
41.6
42.7
43.6
41.0
41.5
41.7
40.2
43.6
40.2
39.7
42.2
41.2
43.3
42.1
41.3
42.5
41.7
41.3
40.6
42.4
41.8
41.2
41.8
42.6
41.2

42.6

3.6
5.1
5.3
2.9
2.6
2.6
2.9
2.5
3.4
3.6
4.1
2.2
4.3
3.4
3.0
4.4
3.2
5.7
3.4
3.8
3.2
3.3
3.9
3.3
4.9
3.9
3.7
3.6
4.6
3.4

3.7
5.1
5.2
3.0
2.7
2.7
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.7
4.3
2.0
4.7
3.4
3.0
4.2
3.2
5.2
3.2
4.0
2.5
3.4
4.3
3.5
5.7
4.5
4.4
3.9
5.6
3.6

4.0
4.9
5.0
3.7
3.8
3.4
4.1
3.8
3.9
3.6
4.1
2.5
4.4
3.2
3.1
4.7
3.8
5.6
4.4
3.1
5.2
3.9
4.1
3.6
4.9
3.5
2.9
3.7
3.6
3.4

3.9
4.8
5.1
3.7
3.6
3.4
4.4
4.6
3.7
3.8
4.2
2.6
4.7
3.2
2.8
4.6
3.5
5.7
4.0
3.9
4.1
3.7
3.8
3.1
4.8
4.0
3.3
3.6
4.1
3.6

Dec.
1991P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Dec.
1991P

$469.83
664.45
526.25
562.10
488.27
409.53
584.64
386.37
387.43
460.28
421.79
423.36
480.98
493.92
438.43
474.43

$484.93
717.61
540.59
568.68
513.33
396.62
576.10
389.42
404.33
489.51
462.05
431.20
525.04
496.86
422.47
479.95

$479.76 $481.01
706.48
540.18
568.01
513.76
400.98
615.47
391.95
404.74
468.94
439.13
413.98
498.32
500.35
426.83
489.57

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

13.13
15.09
15.85
11.99
11.62
12.11
12.33
11.08
14.73
14.76
12.50
11.65
15.48
12.17
10.38
10.14

13.13
14.94
15.69
12.04
11.64
12.12
12.55
11.10
14.69
14.68
12.63
11.79
16.04
12.14
10.54
10.44

13.48
15.57
16.48
12.24
12.03
12.47
12.48
11.42
14.75
15.14
12.82
12.13
15.48
12.77
10.65
10.27

13.48
15.54
16.47
12.11
12.02
12.53
11.99
11.32
14.92
15.27
12.88
12.28
15.62
12.81
10.64
10.29

13.45 563.28
15.42 662.45
705.33
517.97
486.88
504.99
532.66
459.82
646.65
642.06
533.75
478.82
695.05
509.92
424.54
420.81

563.28
652.88
688.79
527.35
491.21
509.04
545.93
459.54
650.77
642.98
541.83
479.85
728.22
507.45
433.19
429.08

575.60
674.18
720.18
517.75
507.67
532.47
537.89
463.65
643.10
658.59
547.41
505.82
702.79
536.34
436.65
427.23

576.94
674.44
718.09
515.89
508.45
532.53
525.16
462.99
646.04
648.98
557.70
516.99
720.08
544.43
436.24
422.92

579.70
670.77

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

10.95
14.28
15.04
10.73
10.14
10.81
9.88
9.60
9.75
10.33
10.35
8.63
11.23
10.68
10.04
10.87
10.10
11.60
12.80
12.84
14.45
10.39
9.09
9.00
9.25
12.16
11.93
10.35
10.56
9.04

11.05
14.47
15.25
10.87
10.09
11.11
9.88
9.62
9.75
10.39
10.36
8.67
11.26
10.74
10.10
10.93
10.13
11.72
12.96
12.97
14.63
10.47
9.24
9.13
9.43
12.16
11.85
10.45
10.81
9.06

11.30
14.48
15.32
11.39
10.42
11.68
10.08
9.53
10.13
10.58
10.67
8.76
11.56
10.96
10.07
11.23
10.36
12.09
13.39
13.26
15.28
10.62
9.34
9.30
9.41
12.39
12.33
10.57
11.15
9.25

11.36
14.76
15.62
11.40
10.44
11.71
10.06
9.55
10.11
10.65
10.69
8.82
11.63
10.97
10.24
11.33
10.46
12.20
13.44
13.37
15.29
10.70
9.36
9.29
9.48
12.64
12.49
10.62
11.21
9.34

11.42 452.24
615.47
655.74
436.71
403.57
437.81
397.18
374.40
402.68
424.56
432.63
342.61
478.40
432.54
399.59
454.37
407.03
502.28
528.64
541.85
591.01
428.07
373.60
364.50
389.43
493.70
491.52
429.53
466.75
364.31

463.00
645.36
689.30
448.93
408.65
456.62
403.10
389.61
408.53
432.22
441.34
336.40
486.43
445.71
408.04
456.87
410.27
506.30
540.43
549.93
604.22
436.60
389.00
377.07
411.15
516.80
508.37
440.99
477.80
375.08

472.34
621.19
664.89
477.24
435.56
484.72
422.35
398.35
413.30
434.84
443.87
350.40
491.30
440.59
401.79
477.28
430.98
524.71
570.41
535.70
667.74
443.92
386.68
380.37
397.10
509.23
498.13
441.83
469.42
379.25

474.85
633.20
679.47
476.52
432.22
487.14
429.56
416.38
414.51
441.98
445.77
354.56
507.07
440.99
406.53
478.13
430.95
528.26
565.82
552.18
649.83
446.19
386.57
377.17
401.95
528.35
514.59
443.92
477.55
384.81

486.49

$11.22 $11.24 $11.41 $11.45 $11.48 $472.36
16.09
685.32
16.02
15.17
15.47
12.78
525.42
12.74
12.62
12.51
13.54
561.32
13.46
13.32
13.27
12.05
12.06
488.31
11.88
11.71
406.72
9.65
9.78
9.94
9.92
612.61
14.12
14.55
13.92
14.28
388.09
9.75
9.76
9.54
9.63
384.06
9.91
9.71
9.92
9.53
467.64
11.10
10.83
11.06
10.85
10.43
410.48
10.26
9.63
9.48
419.01
9.81
9.89
9.80
9.79
504.50
11.95
11.96
11.76
11.76
11.97
11.83
488.31
11.76
11.71
10.31
10.18
434.30
10.59
10.44
11.97
11.88
432.51
11.35
11.09

See footnotes at end of table.




127

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
See footnotes at end of table.

128



1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

3571

42.0
42.6
46.6
41.0
40.7
40.6
43.0
41.6
41.9
48.3
41.7
40.7
42.5
41.7
44.1
43.1
41.7
42.5
41.8
41.8
38.6
42.3
42.3
41.9
43.9
44.7
40.6
42.1
41.6
42.2
42.1

43.0
43.5
47.0
42.2
42.0
41.9
43.9
41.3
42.9
49.2
44.5
42.4
43.8
43.3
45.0
44.5
42.8
42.9
42.7
42.4
39.3
43.8
42.9
42.4
43.1
44.9
41.6
43.9
41.9
43.3
43.4

41.8
44.0
45.9
43.1
39.5
39.0
42.5
41.7
40.8
46.3
41.7
39.9
42.2
42.4
41.5
42.7
41.4
41.6
41.6
41.9
36.9
41.9
41.5
41.4
42.3
42.8
40.5
41.4
40.7
41.6
41.8

42.0
43.8
46.2
42.7
39.9
39.7
42.0
39.4
40.8
45.6
42.3
40.8
42.2
41.8
42.4
42.4
41.9
42.4
42.0
42.7
38.9
42.2
42.3
42.2
42.5
44.9
41.4
42.3
40.8
42.1
42.2

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

41.6
40.2
40.2
41.9
41.0
41.7

42.9
41.2
41.1
42.7
41.2
42.5

41.8
40.8
41.0
42.0
40.9
42.2

41.1
42.5
42.8
42.1
42.0
41.2
43.0
38.1
32.4
39.7
41.4
40.3
41.7
39.9
41.2
37.1
41.1
41.5
43.2
45.8
40.5
41.4
40.8
40.1
42.2
44.3
41.1

41.7
43.3
43.6
42.9
43.0
42.3
43.6
40.1
38.8
40.1
40.2
41.0
41.9
41.0
42.2
37.1
40.9
42.1
44.0
46.7
41.1
41.7
40.9
40.8
41.7
41.9
40.9

40.8
41.0
40.6
41.5
41.6
41.7
41.0
40.2
38.9
39.1
43.5
40.6
42.2
39.1
41.6
39.0
41.5
41.4
40.3
40.5
40.4
40.6
41.6
39.2
42.0
45.0
41.1

41.5
41.8
41.4
42.3
42.5
42.5
42.2
41.1
39.1
38.6
44.7
41.1
43.1
39.5
41.9
39.9
41.3
42.3
41.4
41.6
40.9
41.0
41.7
39.8
42.7
45.7
41.7

35
351
3511

3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354

3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357

3621
3625
363
3632

3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651

366
3661
367
3671
3674

3679
369
3691

3694

42.9

42.2

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

4.1
4.5
8.1
3.1
2.8
2.9
4.1
2.3
3.9
7.9
4.7
2.8
4.9
4.2
5.2
5.8
3.8
4.1
4.0
3.2
3.5
4.3
4.4
4.5
5.6
5.6
3.4
5.4
3.8
3.3
3.6

4.6
5.8
8.1
4.9
3.4
3.7
4.8
2.5
4.7
8.4
6.2
3.2
5.3
5.0
5.6
6.2
4.1
3.5
4.5
3.2
3.7
5.4
4.6
4.7
4.9
5.7
3.7
6.2
3.5
4.0
4.4

3.8
5.1
7.4
4.1
2.6
2.5
3.3
2.1
3.5
4.9
4.3
2.6
4.4
4.2
3.9
5.3
3.4
3.8
3.9
3.5
3.0
4.0
3.6
3.2
4.4
4.1
3.0
4.2
3.8
3.2
2.9

4.0
5.4
7.8
4.3
3.1
3.0
3.7
2.3
3.5
4.8
5.2
3.1
4.6
3.9
4.2
5.3
3.7
4.2
4.1
3.9
3.3
4.5
4.0
4.0
4.5
5.4
3.1
4.7
3.4
3.4
3.0

3.5
2.4
2.3
4.5
4.1
4.4

Dec.
1991P

42.1
41.3
41.4
42!. 1
40.2
42.2

36
361
3612
3613
362

Average overtime hours

4.2
3.0
2.8
4.9
3.6
4.8

4.5
3.1
3.2
4.4
3.9
4.5

4.8
3.6
3.8
4.3
3.2
4.4

3.6
3.7
4.1
3.3
3.4
3.2
3.6
2.3
1.4
2.0
2.7
3.0
3.5
2.9
2.3
1.9
3.5
2.9
4.5
6.1
3.7
3.6
4.9
2.7
4.2
5.7
3.4

3.7
4.1
4.2
4.0
3.7
3.4
4.0
2.7
2.2
1.9
2.2
3.1
3.3
3.3
2.8
1.8
2.8
2.7
5.2
7.3
3.9
3.7
4.9
2.9
3.2
3.1
2.7

3.3
2.7
2.8
2.6
3.0
3.2
2.6
3.0
2.1
1.6
4.4
3.2
3.3
2.6
2.8
2.6
4.6
4.3
2.7
2.8
3.3
4.1
4.4
2.5
4.2
5.4
4.0

3.7
3.2
3.3
3.1
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.5
2.7
1.6
5.1
3.6
4.0
3.2
2.7
3.1
4.4
4.9
3.5
4.1
3.8
4.2
4.8
2.8
4.5
6.0
4.1

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1987
SIC
Code

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1991 P

Nov.
1990

$11.97 $12.12 $12.26 $12.29 $12.36 $502.74
15.62
15.24
634.74
15.74
14.90
16.04
15.52
16.23
15.23
709.72
15.42
15.12
15.50
14.75
604.75
11.32
11.30
11.30
11.06
450.14
12.35
12.46
12.40
12.10
491.26
12.57
12.26
12.24
12.11
520.73
14.47
14.34
14.03
13.87
576.99
12.53
12.22
12.38
12.01
503.22
11.46
11.32
11.34
11.35
548.21
11.40
11.03
11.60
10.97
457.45
10.87
10.55
10.86
10.53
428.57
12.66
12.56
12.75
12.45
529.13
12.92
12.60
13.02
12.52
522.08
12.71
12.68
12.85
12.61
556.10
13.12
13.17
13.22
13.01
560.73
11.39
11.19
11.49
11.13
464.12
10.43
10.27
10.51
10.24
435.20
12.39
12.19
12.55
12.05
503.69
10.58
10.28
10.71
10.22
427.20
13.94
13.93
14.18
13.79
532.29
12.33
12.02
12.48
11.78
498.29
11.86
11.61
11.95
11.57
489.41
12.60
12.29
12.72
12.21
511.60
12.72
12.24
12.83
12.34
541.73
12.02
11.96
12.24
12.04
538.19
10.24
10.21
10.30
10.08
409.25
12.58
12.21
12.85
12.04
506.88
11.56
10.97
11.44
10.94
455.10
12.13
12.08
12.18
11.85
500.07
12.62
12.78
12.77
12.45
524.15

Nov.
1991 P

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

$521.16
662.94
729.44
638.06
474.60
522.07
538.21
592.24
524.24
556.94
490.84
447.32
550.13
545.58
570.60
586.07
478.93
440.58
520.51
435.87
547.45
526.48
498.07
521.10
527.54
537.00
424.74
536.02
459.64
523.06
554.65

$512.47
687.28
736.24
664.60
447.14
481.65
534.23
603.40
511.22
530.60
475.38
433.71
534.25
547.81
527.47
560.22
471.55
433.89
515.42
443.30
514.39
516.63
492.19
521.64
538.06
514.46
414.72
520.81
470.49
504.61
527.52

$516.18 $530.24
689.41
749.83
661.85
450.87
492.28
514.08
552.78
505.10
517.10
490.68
443.09
538.05
544.24
544.84
560.53
481.43
445.62
527.10
457.32
551.60
526.66
505.49
536.78
545.28
549.58
426.42
543.56
466.75
512.78
538.89

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

11.43
11.07
11.25
11.66
12.21
11.36

11.57
11.23
11.39
11.80
12.02
11.51

12.44
11.29
11.53
11.85
12.88
11.49

12.52
11.36
11.62
11.89
12.65
11.54

475.49
445.01
452.25
488.55
500.61
473.71

496.35
462.68
468.13
503.86
495.22
489.18

519.99
460.63
472.73
497.70
526.79
484.88

527.09
469.17
481.07
500.57
508.53
486.99

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

10.52
10.42
10.18
10.66
10.14
9.95
10.46
10.03
11.16
12.48
7.60
10.19
11.48
9.99
9.58
7.53
10.13
10.53
11.36
12.09
10.25
12.20
12.58
9.46
11.62
13.01
12.19

10.55
10.54
10.20
10.91
10.17
9.97
10.45
10.37
11.76
12.50
7.67
10.14
11.40
10.06
9.57
7.91
10.26
10.60
11.57
12.37
10.28
12.20
12.67
9.49
11.30
12.72
11.55

10.78
10.81
10.64
10.99
10.28
9.83
10.95
10.19
11.64
12.32
7.54
10.63
11.97
10.42
9.85
7.64
10.53
11.01
11.48
12.09
10.50
12.14
12.90
9.62
12.02
13.06
12.54

10.87
10.82
10.71
10.94
10.30
9.84
10.99
10.25
11.75
12.51
7.71
10.74
12.15
10.53
9.88
7.79
10.71
11.10
11.58
12.24
10.60
12.16
13.15
9.68
12.12
13.16
12.68

10.95 432.37
442.85
435.70
448.79
425.88
409.94
449.78
382.14
361.58
495.46
314.64
410.66
478.72
398.60
394.70
279.36
416.34
437.00
490.75
553.72
415.13
505.08
513.26
379.35
490.36
576.34
501.01

439.94
456.38
444.72
468.04
437.31
421.73
455.62
415.84
456.29
501.25
308.33
415.74
477.66
412.46
403.85
293.46
419.63
446.26
509.08
577.68
422.51
508.74
518.20
387.19
471.21
532.97
472.40

439.82
443.21
431.98
456.09
427.65
409.91
448.95
409.64
452.80
481.71
327.99
431.58
505.13
407.42
409.76
297.96
437.00
455.81
462.64
489.65
424.20
492.88
536.64
377.10
504.84
587.70
515.39

451.11
452.28
443.39
462.76
437.75
418.20
463.78
421.28
459.43
482.89
344.64
441.41
523.67
415.94
413.97
310.82
442.32
469.53
479.41
509.18
433.54
498.56
548.36
385.26
517.52
601.41
528.76

Dec.
1991 P

462.09

See footnotes at end of table.




129

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1987
SIC
Code

3713
3714
3715
372

3721
3724
3728
373

3731
3732
374
376
3761

379
3792
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391

386
387

3911

393
394

3942,4
3949
395
396
3961

399
3993

Nondurable goods

See footnotes at end of table.




Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Average overtime hours
Dec.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

20
201
2011

2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204

2041
2048

41.4
40.9
40.1
40.9
41.5
40.6
42.7
41.9
43.6
43.1
40.3
41.5
37.7
42.0
42.8
43.2
39.5
38.0

42.3
42.0
42.8
41.4
41.6
40.7
43.0
42.0
44.1
43.7
41.9
43.0
39.1
42.4
43.7
44.6
41.1
38.1

42.8
43.8
44.6
41.3
43.8
40.8
41.8
41.7
43.2
41.1
41.0
41.7
39.5
40.6
42.9
43.3
39.7
39.2

42.3
42.7
42.9
42.6
42.8
41.2
42.5
42.0
43.5
42.6
40.7
41.6
38.6
41.2
43.0
43.4
39.1
37.6

42.5
42.7

3.8
3.6
3.6
2.9
3.8
2.7
4.8
4.2
6.1
4.6
2.4
2.7
1.8
3.3
3.6
3.9
2.5
1.3

3.9
3.5
4.1
2.7
3.3
2.7
4.9
4.5
6.0
4.8
3.4
3.7
2.7
3.3
3.4
3.6
3.1
1.0

4.6
5.2
5.8
3.4
5.2
3.4
4.2
4.2
5.1
3.4
3.3
3.5
2.7
2.2
4.3
5.0
2.7
2.6

41.4
41.3
41.5
41.0
42.4
40.9
41.5
41.5
41.2
39.1
42.1
40.1

42.0
42.4
42.6
41.7
43.7
42.6
42.0
41.5
42.1
38.2
41.8
39.8

40.9
40.6
40.3
40.3
39.8
39.7
41.3
41.1
41.6
40.7
43.1
40.0

41.7
41.1
41.2
40.8
40.8
40.7
42.1
42.4
42.1
41.0
43.7
39.6

42.5

3.2
2.9
3.0
3.2
3.5
2.2
3.7
4.0
3.5
2.6
3.8
2.6

3.4
3.0
3.3
3.2
4.0
2.6
4.1
4.3
4.1
1.7
4.0
1.7

2.9
2.5
2.3
3.0
2.3
1.8
3.2
3.3
3.0
3.4
4.6
2.7

3.3
2.7
2.7
3.1
2.4
2.4
3.9
4.2
3.5
3.2
5.2
1.7

40.2
40.3
40.4
40.5
40.5
40.9
40.2
40.7
40.8
41.5
39.6
40.1

39.9
39.8
39.5
40.2
39.9
38.9
40.6
40.6
39.4
39.1
39.8
40.3

40.3
40.7
40.7
38.7
41.0
40.7
41.3
41.0
40.7
41.1
39.6
39.8

40.4
40.4
40.6
39.2
41.1
40.9
41.2
41.7
40.5
39.5
39.7
40.1

40.6

3.0
3.5
3.8
2.1
3.0
3.2
2.8
2.5
2.9
3.8
3.1
3.4

2.8
3.2
3.7
2.3
3.0
2.6
3.2
2.5
1.8
1.8
2.9
3.4

3.1
3.6
3.8
1.4
3.3
3.0
3.5
2.8
3.5
4.2
2.9
3.2

3.0
3.2
3.6
1.8
3.3
3.2
3.4
3.0
2.5
2.1
3.0
3.2

40.5

40.6

40.8

41.1

3.8

3.7

4.0

4.0

41.1
40.4
42.3
41.7
38.7
41.3
40.1
42.2
40.5
44.5
40.9
38.3
46.3
50.7
42.5

41.5
40.6
42.2
42.6
38.9
41.4
40.4
41.8
41.8
45.3
42.2
38.9
46.2
49.2
43.2

40.9
40.4
42.2
42.1
38.6
41.2
40.3
41.9
41.0
45.3
39.7
41.9
45.6
47.9
44.1

41.2
40.9
438
41.1
38.9
41.2
40.7
42.3
40.6
46.9
40.2
38.7
46.4
48.6
44.4

41.2

4.8
4.6
5.6
5.5
3.6
4.7
4.0
5.1
4.0
7.0
3.9
3.5
7.6
9.1
5.8

4.6
4.3
5.3
5.4
3.2
4.4
4.0
4.6
4.1
7.7
3.5
3.8
7.1
7.7
5.9

4.7
4.1
4.7
4.9
3.3
4.3
3.9
4.4
5.1
8.4
5.0
5.5
7.5
7.9
6.7

4.8
4.8
6.1
5.0
3.8
4.3
4.0
4.7
4.2
7.8
3.6
3.4
7.7
8.4
7.0

Dec.
1991P

4.2
4.5
4.6
4.3
4.5
3.5
4.5
4.2
5.6
4.3
3.1
3.3
2.5
2.2
4.2
4.8
2.3
2.0

40.2

37
371
3711

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee

Average weekly hours

4.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1987
SIC
Code

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991 P

Nov.
1990

$14.20 $14.42 $15.07 $15.08 $15.14 $587.88
15.58
15.56 596.73
15.50
14.88
14.59
18.54
708.57
18.37
17.67
17.92
13.64
14.17
511.25
12.50
12.27
14.04
13.96
546.97
13.18
13.30
9.91
9.95
399.91
9.85
9.96
15.97
16.15
643.92
15.08
15.20
(2)
(2)
$662.72
$15.20 $15.31 $15.71 $15.92
587.88
14.54
13.64
13.72
14.35
445.32
11.62
11.05
11.24
11.60
488.87
12.43
11.78
11.97
12.47
348.35
9.46
9.24
9.35
9.40
568.68
14.02
13.54
13.73
14.30
624.45
15.18
14.59
14.83
15.10
(2)
(2)
$431.34
$10.92 $11.23 $10.91 $10.98
9.09
345.42
9.90
9.92
9.22

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

$609.97
624.96
766.98
507.98
553.28
405.37
653.60

$645.00
682.40
826.88
563.33
614.95
404.33
667.55

$637.88 $643.45
661.85 664.41
788.07
603.64
597.49
409.94
686.38

$675.17
599.56
470.96
514.71
365.59
582.15
648.07

$678.67
589.79
475.60
520.00
371.30
580.58
647.79

$692.52
619.40
472.93
517.09
365.16
577.62
652.74

$461.55 $433.13 $429.32
351.28 388.86 372.24

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

11.48
14.91
10.89
9.64
10.65
11.03
10.05
10.05
9.82
8.29
14.26
7.70

11.61
15.19
10.97
9.70
10.85
11.06
10.20
10.23
9.95
8.40
14.22
7.82

11.76
15.41
11.29
9.99
11.15
11.62
10.18
10.15
9.91
8.58
14.79
7.89

11.78 $11.85 475.27
615.78
15.40
451.94
11.28
395.24
9.97
451.56
11.18
451.13
11.53
417.08
10.26
417.08
10.29
404.58
9.92
324.14
8.70
600.35
14.82
308.77
7.77

487.62
644.06
467.32
404.49
474.15
471.16
428.40
424.55
418.90
320.88
594.40
311.24

480.98
625.65
454.99
402.60
443.77
461.31
420.43
417.17
412.26
349.21
637.45
315.60

491.23
632.94
464.74
406.78
456.14
469.27
431.95
436.30
417.63
356.70
647.63
307.69

$503.63

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

8.66
9.23
9.18
8.71
8.06
7.93
8.15
8.98
7.19
6.29
9.20
10.15

8.80
9.39
9.34
8.83
8.13
8.00
8.21
9.08
7.53
6.63
9.32
10.23

8.86
9.55
9.56
8.81
8.13
7.82
8.36
9.37
7.62
6.90
9.35
10.02

8.93
9.51
9.54
8.65
8.22
7.95
8.43
9.40
7.73
6.95
9.48
10.12

9.04 348.13
371.97
370.87
352.76
326.43
324.34
327.63
365.49
293.35
261.04
364.32
407.02

351.12
373.72
368.93
354.97
324.39
311.20
333.33
368.65
296.68
259.23
370.94
412.27

357.06
388.69
389.09
340.95
333.33
318.27
345.27
384.17
310.13
283.59
370.26
398.80

360.77
384.20
387.32
339.08
337.84
325.16
347.32
391.98
313.07
274.53
376.36
405.81

367.02

10.29

10.33

10.47

10.54

10.64 413.66

418.37

425.08

430.03

437.30

9.74
8.01
8.85
9.43
6.87
10.75
9.92
11.21
9.10
12.63
8.75
8.29
11.79
10.86
9.26

9.80
8.05
8.89
9.43
6.89
10.73
9.74
11.24
9.31
12.48
9.30
8.46
11.95
10.82
9.40

9.85
8.13
8.95
9.36
7.07
10.95
9.89
11.49
9.24
12.45
9.24
8.21
11.88
10.76
9.59

10.01
8.24
9.13
9.43
7.15
11.02
9.91
11.56
9.60
12.78
9.68
8.47
12.12
10.77
9.71

10.13 400.31
323.60
374.36
393.23
265.87
443.98
397.79
473.06
368.55
562.04
357.88
317.51
545.88
550.60
393.55

406.70
326.83
375.16
401.72
268.02
444.22
393.50
469.83
389.16
565.34
392.46
329.09
552.09
532.34
406.08

402.87
328.45
377.69
394.06
272.90
451.14
398.57
481.43
378.84
563.99
366.83
344.00
541.73
515.40
422.92

412.41
337.02
399.89
387.57
278.14
454.02
403.34
488.99
389.76
599.38
389.14
327.79
562.37
523.42
431.12

417.36

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee

20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048

See footnotes at end of table.




131

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Average overtime hours
Dec.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

205
2051

39.8
39.4

39.8
39.0

39.3
38.6

39.6
39.0

4.6
4.7

4.3
4.1

4.1
3.9

4.2
4.2

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

40.4
42.6
53.5
52.3
40.4
41.0
45.8
42.2
45.4
41.3
39.5

41.4
42.1
51.5
50.2
41.5
39.8
46.1
42.6
44.4
41.7
40.2

40.8
41.5
48.9
47.8
40.2
40.0
44.1
41.1
41.3
40.7
39.3

40.7
42.6
59.6
48.3
42.9
39.5
45.4
41.2
43.2
40.4
39.4

4.5
5.4
14.3
13.7
3.6
4.4
7.6
5.0
8.1
4.0
4.4

4.7
4.6
12.2
9.8
3.3
3.7
7.2
4.7
6.5
4.3
4.7

4.5
5.0
9.0
9.5
5.9
3.7
7.0
4.5
6.3
3.7
4.3

4.0
4.9
15.4
9.9
5.5
3.3
7.2
4.8
8.2
3.6
4.4

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

40.3
41.3

39.9
40.3

40.2
39.9

38.5
39.2

40.2

2.9
3.4

3.1
3.6

1.5
1.4

1.6
1.7

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

39.7
41.1
40.8
39.5
39.8
37.4
38.4
37.4
35.1
36.6
38.9
42.3
43.2
42.5
42.4
38.4
38.8
35.5
41.9

39.7
39.5
40.3
40.6
39.8
37.2
39.6
37.3
34.8
34.6
38.6
43.6
43.2
44.4
44.0
38.5
39.0
34.7
41.9

41.6
42.1
41.4
41.4
41.0
40.5
39.3
39.6
40.8
39.3
42.2
44.5
46.3
43.6
43.5
41.1
41.5
37.3
41.6

41.7
41.7
41.6
41.6
41.4
41.2
41.8
40.1
41.2
40.6
42.1
43.8
45.6
43.2
43.2
40.8
41.4
36.6
41.7

41.8

3.6
4.4
3.9
2.9
2.7
2.8
3.3
1.7
3.0
1.7
3.1
5.6
5.9
6.2
4.1
2.8
2.9
2.5
4.0

3.6
3.7
3.6
3.5
2.5
2.7
3.2
1.9
2.7
2.0
3.1
6.3
5.9
7.0
5.4
2.9
3.0
2.3
3.8

4.6
5.8
4.4
4.0
3.6
3.8
3.3
3.2
4.3
2.5
5.0
6.8
8.2
6.5
5.8
4.2
4.4
2.7
4.0

4.6
5.4
4.4
4.7
4.0
4.1
5.0
3.3
4.6
2.7
4.8
6.6
8.1
6.4
5.1
3.8
4.2
1.4
4.1

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

36.6
36.8
36.1
35.7
35.3
36.8
35.3
35.0
33.5
34.8
36.0
38.1
38.5
35.9
36.9
37.2
36.9
39.0
37.0
40.1
39.6

36.9
37.4
36.2
36.7
36.3
37.2
35.7
35.2
34.7
35.4
36.2
38.2
38.7
35.8
37.6
37.0
37.2
39.0
38.1
39.5
39.3

37.6
37.0
37.4
37.3
36.4
37.1
36.0
36.7
35.9
34.0
36.4
38.7
39.0
36.9
37.8
38.7
38.3
40.0
38.0
40.1
40.7

37.6
37.5
37.B
37.5
36.8
37.5
36.3
36.9
35.7
34.7
36.7
38.1
384
36.6
37.9
37.4
38.3
39.2
37.3
39.8
38.8

37.8

1.7
1.1
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.6
.8
1.1
2.0
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.6
1.6
2.0
1.4
2.8
2.2
3.8
2.8

1.8
1.2
1.5
1.4
1.6
1.2
1.7
1.0
1.4
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.8
1.5
2.1
2.4
1.4
2.6
2.9
3.0
2.4

2.1
1.1
1.8
1.8
1.5
1.5
1.8
1.1
1.8
1.6
2.0
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.0
2.8
2.2
3.2
2.4
3.8
3.5

2.1
1.1
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.7
2.0
1.3
1.7
1.6
2.2
1.9
1.8
2.2
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.7
2.3
3.4
2.3

Paper and allied products
Paper mills

26
262
263

43.8
45.2
46.7

44.2
46.1
46.2

43.6
45.2
45.1

43.9
46.0
45.3

44.5

5.2
5.9
8.2

5.0
5.6
7.6

5.2
6.1
6.9

5.4
6.3
7.1

Paperboard mills
See footnotes at end of table.

132




Dec.
1991P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

205
2051

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991 P

$10.99 $11.08 $11.26 $11.32
10.96 11.04 11.34 11.38

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991 P

Dec.
1991 P

$437.40 $440.98 $442.52 $448.27
431.82 430.56 437.72 443.82

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

11.03
10.07
9.87
14.80
10.12
9.10
10.26
13.83
19.14
11.02
9.14

11.15
10.20
9.95
14.54
10.12
9.31
10.35
13.66
18.57
11.18
9.13

11.11
10.28
9.82
15.15
10.02
9.49
10.08
13.83
19.19
11.23
9.30

11.22
10.37
10.11
15.24
10.03
9.63
10.12
14.15
19.67
11.37
9.37

445.61
428.98
528.05
774.04
408.85
373.10
469.91
583.63
868.96
455.13
361.03

461.61
429.42
512.43
729.91
419.98
370.54
477.14
581.92
824.51
466.21
367.03

453.29
426.62
480.20
724.17
402.80
379.60
444.53
568.41
792.55
457.06
365.49

456.65
441.76
602.56
736.09
430.29
380.39
459.45
582.98
849.74
459.35
369.18

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

16.51
20.27

15.95
20.37

16.06
20.40

16.96 $16.10 665.35
20.37
837.15

636.41
820.91

645.61
813.96

652.96
798.50

$647.22

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

8.16
8.38
8.78
8.64
7.62
7.43
7.03
7.11
7.28
7.37
8.10
8.68
8.60
9.08
8.39
7.77
7.76
8.01
9.46

8.40
8.78
9.04
8.86
7.93
7.71
7.33
7.32
7.57
7.68
8.44
8.86
8.92
9.17
8.35
8.12
8.13
8.26
9.67

8.45
8.78
9.09
9.02
7.96
7.77
7.46
7.35
7.65
7.72
8.49
8.95
8.94
9.26
8.47
8.16
8.17
8.28
9.72

8.49 322.76

323.95
331.01
353.83
350.78
303.28
276.40
278.39
265.20
253.34
255.00
312.66
378.45
371.52
403.15
369.16
299.15
302.64
277.95
396.37

349.44
369.64
374.26
366.80
325.13
312.26
288.07
289.87
308.86
301.82
356.17
394.27
413.00
399.81
363.23
333.73
337.40
308.10
402.27

352.37
366.13
378.14
375.23
329.54
320.12
311.83
294.74
315.18
313.43
357.43
392.01
407.66
400.03
365.90
332.93
338.24
303.05
405.32

354.88

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

6.63
7.32
6.13
6.07
6.00
5.94
6.38
5.62
6.82
7.09
6.24
6.21
6.07
7.03
6.02
5.87
6.46
7.81
6.62
6.78
10.89

6.65
7.37
6.11
6.03
6.03
5.94
6.40
5.62
6.84
7.10
6.27
6.18
6.04
7.00
6.10
6.00
6.41
7.88
6.72
6.89
10.95

6.81
7.45
6.33
6.30
6.21
6.11
6.54
5.83
6.89
7.09
6.45
6.54
6.38
7.49
6.17
6.07
6.66
8.00
6.77
6.94
10.69

6.81
7.51
6.35
6.31
6.21
6.15
6.52
5.82
6.88
7.15
6.42
6.53
6.35
7.55
6.22
6.13
6.67
7.98
6.94
6.96
10.57

6.84 242.66

245.39
275.64
221.18
221.30
218.89
220.97
228.48
197.82
237.35
251.34
226.97
236.08
233.75
250.60
229.36
222.00
238.45
307.32
256.03
272.16
430.34

256.06
275.65
236.74
234.99
226.04
226.68
235.44
213.96
247.35
241.06
234.78
253.10
248.82
276.38
233.23
234.91
255.08
320.00
257.26
278.29
435.08

256.06
281.63
240.03
236.63
228.53
230.63
236.68
214.76
245.62
248.11
235.61
248.79
243.84
276.33
235.74
229.26
255.46
312.82
258.86
277.01
410.12

258.55

269.38
221.29
216.70
211.80
218.59
225.21
196.70
228.47
246.73
224.64
236.60
233.70
252.38
222.14
218.36
238.37
304.59
244.94
271.88
431.24

Paper and allied products
Paper mills

26
262
263

12.53
15.50
15.75

12.54
15.33
15.69

12.80
15.87
15.86

12.87
15.90
15.96

12.95 548.81
700.60
735.53

554.27
706.71
724.88

558.08
717.32
715.29

564.99
731.40
722.99

576.28

Paperboard mills

8.13
8.41
8.80
8.71
7.56
7.45
7.04!
7.08
7.39
7.30
8.07
8.65
8.53
9.08
8.24
7.75
7.73
8.02
9.24

345.65
359.04
344.05
300.89
278.63
270.34
264.79
259.39
267.18
313.92
365.90
368.50
385.90
349.38
297.60
299.92
284.71
387.16

See footnotes at end of table.




133

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991 P

Average overtime hours
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

4.8
5.4
4.1
4.8
4.4
4.0
5.2
3.6

Dec.
1991 P

4.6
5.0
4.9
4.6
4.3
3.4
5.2
4.2

5.0
5.7
3.2
4.7
4.3
3.7
4.7
3.2

5.0
5.3
3.5
5.2
4.5
4.2
4.8
3.6

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991 P

265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

43.2
43.8
44.5
42.6
42.4
43.4
42.0
41.7

43.4
43.4
46.4
43.2
43.0
42.0
43.2
43.4

43.5
44.2
42.0
42.5
42.1
42.3
41.8
41.6

43.5
43.8
43.0
43.2
42.4
43.0
41.8
42.3

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276

38.1
33.8
38.3
38.5
38.7
38.4
36.2
39.6
39.3
40.0
41.9
37.7
39.4

38.4
33.2
38.4
39.6
39.6
39.5
36.7
39.8
39.8
39.7
43.7
38.5
39.6

37.9
32.7
38.9
38.8
38.0
39.8
36.4
39.5
39.0
39.9
41.4
38.0
39.2

38.4
33.3
38.6
39.8
38.5
41.4
36.8
39.8
39.5
40.0
42.5
38.6
39.6

38.8

3.2
1.7
3.6
3.1
2.0
4.5
1.9
3.8
3.7
3.8
3.8
2.6
4.3

3.2
1.2
3.1
3.6
2.7
4.6
1.9
3.8
3.8
3.5
5.0
2.6
4.5

3.1
1.1
3.8
3.3
2.0
4.9
1.7
3.8
3.6
3.9
4.1
2.2
4.2

3.2
1.3
3.5
3.4
2.0
5.0
2.2
3.9
3.8
4.0
4.0
2.7
4.5

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28

43.5
44.4
44.2
42.6
44.1
41.5
43.3
43.5
42.1
43.8
41.5
41.4
41.9
45.9
44.5
46.4
44.3
43.4

43.1
44.2
44.1
43.0
43.8
42.2
42.1
42.0
41.0
41.9
41.7
40.0
42.0
46.4
44.9
46.9
44.2
42.6

43.8
45.3
45.3
43.5
44.5
42.6
43.3
43.4
41.5
41.8
42.3
40.8
42.3
46.8
46.4
47.0
44.4
43.7

44.4

289

42.9
43.8
43.7
43.0
44.2
42.1
42.2
42.4
40.6
41.9
40.3
40.0
41.4
45.3
44.5
45.6
44.2
43.1

4.4
4.6
4.6
5.2
5.9
4.5
4.0
3.9
2.7
4.5
2.4
1.8
2.9
5.7
5.2
5.9
5.8
4.5

4.5
4.6
4.4
4.7
5.5
4.0
4.5
4.5
3.3
4.7
2.9
2.5
2.8
5.9
5.0
6.3
5.4
4.4

4.8
4.9
4.7
5.6
6.1
4.8
4.1
4.0
3.5
4.5
4.0
2.5
3.4
6.5
6.2
6.7
6.0
4.6

4.9
5.1
5.0
5.7
6.3
4.8
4.4
4.4
3.4
4.4
3.8
2.5
3.4
6.4
6.9
6.3
5.7
4.9

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

46.0
47.3
42.8

43.9
44.7
41.8

44.1
43.6
46.7

44.4
44.8
44.3

43.9

6.8
6.9
7.2

5.9
6.1
5.8

6.5
6.1
8.5

6.4
6.6
6.9

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

41.0
43.3
42.6
42.1
41.8
40.3
40.8

41.5
42.2
43.3
42.5
41.6
40.9
41.4

41.6
43.1
44.3
41.6
41.5
41.3
41.4

41.7
43.4
45.3
41.8
41.9
41.0
41.5

42.0

3.5
5.1
3.1
3.7
3.8
2.7
3.4

3.6
4.5
3.5
3.6
3.1
2.7
3.6

4.0
5.0
3.9
3.5
3.1
3.4
4.0

3.9
5.4
4.4
3.6
3.2
3.2
3.9

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311

36.7
41.2
35.5
35.7
34.8
40.6
37.3

37.7
42.9
36.2
36.7
35.3
42.2
37.5

37.2
43.0
35.3
35.6
34.1
40.3
38.6

37.7
42.9
36.2
37.2
35.1
40.9
37.9

37.5

1.8
3.9
1.1
1.2
1.0
3.2
2.2

2.0
5.2
1.2
1.1
1.2
2.9
1.6

2.1
5.3
1.4
1.8
.9
2.5
1.8

2.4
4.8
1.7
2.3
1.3
3.9
1.8

38.8

39.1

38.6

38.6

38.9

44.5

45.3

44.4

44.8

278

279
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287

314
3143
3144
316
317

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3
See footnotes at end of table.

134




4011

Dec.
1991 P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

1987
SIC
Code

265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

$10.50 $10.57 $10.80 $10.83
10.87
10.59
10.65
10.89
10.88
10.26
10.38
10.74
11.26
10.84
10.94
11.15
11.29
10.98
11.05
11.18
12.97
12.54
12.46
12.74
10.50
10.40
10.40
10.52
10.53
10.26
10.27
10.56

Average weekly earnings

Dec.

Dec.

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

1990

Oct.
1991

$453.60
463.84
456.57
461.78
465.55
544.24
436.80
427.84

1991 P

$458.74
462.21
481.63
472.61
475.15
523.32
449.28
445.72

$469.80
481.34
451.08
473.88
470.68
538.90
439.74
439.30

Dec.
1991P

$471.11
476.11
467.84
486.43
478.70
557.71
438.90
445.42

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

11.38
11.29
11.99
10.43
10.29
10.59
10.45
11.60
11.66
11.42
11.97
8.98
13.82

11.44
11.28
11.96
10.38
10.27
10.51
10.44
11.71
11.78
11.51
12.25
9.03
14.00

11.62
11.53
12.59
10.53
10.27
10.83
10.79
11.89
11.92
11.73
12.11
9.07
13.94

11.61 $11.72 433.58
11.56
381.60
12.58
459.22
10.64
401.56
10.39
398.22
10.91
406.66
10.95
378.29
11.81
459.36
11.81
458.24
11.71
456.80
12.19
501.54
9.11
338.55
14.05
544.51

439.30
374.50
459.26
411.05
406.69
415.15
383.15
466.06
468.84
456.95
535.33
347.66
554.40

440.40
377.03
489.75
408.56
390.26
431.03
392.76
469.66
464.88
468.03
501.35
344.66
546.45

445.82
384.95
485.59
423.47
400.02
451.67
402.96
470.04
466.50
468.40
518.08
351.65
556.38

$454.74

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

13.75
14.99
15.30
14.25
14.99
13.58
13.02
12.96
11.87
15.33
10.45
10.34
12.17
16.17
15.99
16.38
14.13
12.41

13.77
14.87
15.18
14.36
15.07
13.50
13.12
13.07
12.03
15.41
10.55
10.51
12.20
16.05
15.90
16.25
14.17
12.40

14.25
15.49
15.79
15.09
15.65
14.45
13.74
13.79
11.96
15.09
10.73
10.58
12.61
16.84
16.23
17.16
14.45
12.79

14.31
15.51
15.83
15.25
15.75
14.69
13.75
13.79
12.05
15.08
10.77
10.72
12.66
16.86
16.31
17.17
14.41
12.78

14.37 589.88
656.56
668.61
612.75
662.56
571.72
549.44
549.50
481.92
642.33
421.14
413.60
503.84
732.50
711.56
746.93
624.55
534.87

599.00
660.23
670.96
611.74
664.59
560.25
568.10
568.55
506.46
674.96
437.83
435.11
511.18
736.70
707.55
754.00
627.73
538.16

614.18
684.66
696.34
648.87
685.47
609.79
578.45
579.18
490.36
632.27
447.44
423.20
529.62
781.38
728.73
804.80
638.69
544.85

626.78
702.60
717.10
663.38
700.88
625.79
595.38
598.49
500.08
630.34
455.57
437.38
535.52
789.05
756.78
806.99
639.80
558.49

638.03

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

16.59
17.92
13.07

16.51
17.76
12.91

17.14
18.68
13.32

17.36
18.86
13.06

17.54 763.14
847.62
559.40

724.79
793.87
539.64

755.87
814.45
622.04

770.78
844.93
578.56

770.01

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

9.92
15.71
6.75
9.83
10.01
9.44
9.27

9.96
15.61
6.80
9.85
9.89
9.44
9.35

10.13
16.15
6.91
10.08
10.29
9.66
9.47

10.18
16.27
7.02
10.05
10.14
9.66
9.50

10.27 406.72
680.24
287.55
413.84
418.42
380.43
378.22

413.34
658.74
294.44
418.63
411.42
386.10
387.09

421.41
696.07
306.11
419.33
427.04
398.96
392.06

424.51
706.12
318.01
420.09
424.87
396.06
394.25

431.34

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

6.99
9.20
6.69
7.28
6.15
7.02
6.18

7.07
9.37
6.75
7.27
6.29
6.97
6.21

7.18
9.55
6.78
7.33
6.36
6.80
6.39

7.25
9.47
6.87
7.36
6.45
7.33
6.39

7.36 256.53
379.04
237.50
259.90
214.02
285.01
230.51

266.54
401.97
244.35
266.81
222.04
294.13
232.88

267.10
410.65
239.33
260.95
216.88
274.04
246.65

273.33
406.26
248.69
273.79
226.40
299.80
242.18

276.00

13.09

13.14

13.24

13.30

13.34 507.89

513.77

511.06

513.38

518.93

15.97

15.99

15.49

15.65

710.67

724.35

687.76

701.12

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

4011

See footnotes at end of table.




135

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

41
411
413

32.4
37.9
39.0

33.2
38.2
38.6

33.3
37.3
40.7

42
421
422

38.2
38.1
40.4

38.8
38.7
39.9

38.8
38.7
40.7

38.4
38.2
40.9

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

41.9

42.1

40.9

42.3

Transportation services:
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

472
4724
473

35.7
35.8
37.7

36.2
36.5
38.4

35.8
35.9
36.1

35.9
36.2
36.3

Communications
Telephone communications
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
483
484

39.3
41.0
34.5
37.7

39.1
40.5
34.9
38.0

38.9
40.3
34.5
38.6

38.9
40.4
34.2
38.6

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

41.7
41.5
42.8
41.2
42.3

41.6
41.6
43.0
40.5
42.2

41.9
41.7
42.9
41.7
42.0

42.2
41.9
43.5
42.6
41.9

38.0

38.4

38.2

38.1

Dec.
1991P

32.9
37.7
41.0

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage

Average overtime hours

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509

38.5
37.9
37.3
39.5
38.8
40.1
38.5
38.8
38.7
37.0

38.9
38.0
37.6
39.5
39.4
40.7
38.9
38.9
39.1
37.5

38.6
37.8
36.6
40.1
38.8
40.7
38.6
38.4
39.1
36.9

38.6
37.8
36.5
39.8
38.8
40.4
38.7
38.6
39.0
37.1

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods

51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

37.4
37.5
36.9
36.9
38.3
40.3
37.9
36.3
36.2

37.7
38.1
37.7
36.9
38.4
40.6
38.4
36.8
36.5

37.7
36.9
37.1
37.2
38.4
40.0
38.0
36.3
36.7

37.5
37.1
37.1
37.2
38.3
40.0
38.5
36.1
36.4

28.4

29.2

28.4

28.5

38.5

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

35.8
37.6
32.0

35.8
37.4
32.5

35.8
37.9
31.9

35.7
37.7
32.1

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

28.1
28.0
28.0
29.4

31.0
30.9
32.2
30.7

28.4
28.4
27.3
29.2

28.8
28.8
28.0
29.4

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

29.5
29.7
28.7

29.5
29.5
29.7

29.0
29.1
28.5

29.2
29.4
28.2

See footnotes at end of table.

136



29.0

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991 P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991 P

413

$9.28
9.97
12.11

$9.27
10.02
12.10

$9.52
10.24
12.92

$9.62
10.36
13.24

$300.67 $307.76 $317.02 $316.50
377.86 382.76 381.95 390.57
472.29 467.06 525.84 542.84

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

11.76
11.91
9.80

11.84
11.99
9.80

12.04
12.24
9.55

12.02
12.21
9.65

449.23
453.77
395.92

459.39
464.01
391.02

467.15
473.69
388.69

461.57
466.42
394.69

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

17.15

17.72

17.75

17.77

718.59

746.01

725.98

751.67

Transportation services:
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

472
4724
473

9.26
9.35
12.31

9.33
9.39
12.50

9.59
9.69
12.11

9.57
9.56
12.03

330.58
334.73
464.09

337.75
342.74
480.00

343.32
347.87
437.17

343.56
346.07
436.69

Communications
Telephone communications
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
483
484

13.64
14.23
13.03
10.53

13.70
14.28
13.24
10.61

14.14
14.82
13.59
10.86

14.14
14.83
13.64
10.70

536.05
583.43
449.54
396.98

535.67
578.34
462.08
403.18

550.05
597.25
468.86
419.20

550.05
599.13
466.49
413.02

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

15.75
16.12
14.74
19.06
11.70

15.69
16.14
14.85
18.74
11.61

15.92
16.46
15.20
18.99
11.71

16.07
16.60
15.35
19.00
12.03

656.78
668.98
630.87
785.27
494.91

652.70
671.42
638.55
758.97
489.94

667.05
686.38
652.08
791.88
491.82

678.15
695.54
667.73
809.40
504.06

10.93

11.04

11.19

11.25 $11.37 415.34

423.94

427.46

428.63 $437.75

11.31
10.16
10.30
10.70
13.38
11.39
11.55
10.66
11.23
8.91

11.43
10.31
10.36
10.79
13.56
11.54
11.60
10.82
11.30
8.93

11.58
10.39
10.16
10.82
13.76
11.59
11.89
11.06
11.53
8.95

11.63
10.52
10.23
10.88
13.78
11.68
11.93
11.11
11.60
8.93

435.44
385.06
384.19
422.65
519.14
456.74
444.68
413.61
434.60
329.67

444.63
391.78
389.54
426.21
534.26
469.68
451.24
420.90
441.83
334.88

446.99
392.74
371.86
433.88
533.89
471.71
458.95
424.70
450.82
330.26

448.92
397.66
373.40
433.02
534.66
471.87
461.69
428.85
452.40
331.30

512
513
514
516
517
518

10.40
10.95
12.07
9.99
10.60
12.56
10.20
12.34

519

8.73

10.49
10.96
12.20
10.18
10.61
12.63
10.28
12.70
8.85

10.66
11.30
12.51
10.44
10.78
12.82
10.38
12.52
9.11

10.74
11.35
12.60
10.49
10.86
12.85
10.47
12.69
9.13

388.96
410.63
445.38
368.63
405.98
506.17
386.58
447.94
316.03

395.47
417.58
459.94
375.64
407.42
512.78
394.75
467.36
323.03

401.88
416.97
464.12
388.37
413.95
512.80
394.44
454.48
334.34

402.75
421.09
467.46
390.23
415.94
514.00
403.10
458.11
332.33

6.86

6.84

7.07

7.11

7.11 194.82

199.73

200.79

202.64

41
411

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods

51

506
507
508
509
511

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

8.06
8.42
6.81

8.08
8.45
6.84

8.25
8.59
7.08

8.30
8.64
7.10

288.55
316.59
217.92

289.26
316.03
222.30

295.35
325.56
225.85

296.31
325.73
227.91

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

6.78
6.92
5.58
6.32

6.81
6.96
5.58
6.28

7.09
7.17
5.81
7.22

7.08
7.16
5.82
7.19

190.52
193.76
156.24
185.81

211.11
215.06
179.68
192.80

201.36
203.63
158.61
210.82

203.90
206.21
162.96
211.39

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

7.58
7.68
6.39

7.43
7.54
6.44

7.66
7.76
6.62

7.73
7.84
6.61

223.61
228.10
183.39

219.19
222.43
191.27

222.14
225.82
188.67

206.19

225.72
230.50
186.40

See footnotes at end of table.




137

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Automotive dealers and service stations ...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

55
551
553
554
559

36.0
37.1
38.1
33.6
35.1

36.0
37.2
37.9
33.7
33.8

35.8
37.1
37.8
33.3
34.6

56
561
562
565
566

26.6
27.4
23.7
27.1
30.4

27.9
29.3
24.8
28.8
31.1

26.5
28.6
24.1
27.1
29.3

26.6
28.3
24.0
27.5
29.3

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...

57
571
572
573
5731
5735

32.5
33.2
33.0
31.3
31.4
25.5

33.3
33.7
34.2
32.4
32.9
26.9

32.9
33.1
34.3
32.1
31.1
26.2

32.9
33.1
34.0
32.3
31.4
26.5

Eating and drinking places4

58

24.5

25.0

24.7

24.5

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
594
596
598
599

29.1
27.4
27.3
32.5
38.0
31.0

30.5
27.9
29.5
34.5
38.0
32.2

29.3
27.5
27.5
33.7
38.4
31.1

29.4
27.9
27.3
34.2
38.7
30.9

35.6

36.2

35.5

35.7

Dec.
1991P

35.9
37.2
37.8
33.5
34.1

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

Average overtime hours

Finance, insurance, and real estate5
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Credit unions

60
602
606

35.3
35.2
35.4

35.9
35.8
35.7

35.1
34.9
35.3

35.3
35.1
35.4

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions

61
614

37.1
37.4

37.9
37.8

37.5
37.7

37.3
37.4

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

37.6

37.8

37.0

37.3

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

37.4
37.1
38.4
37.2

37.9
37.5
38.9
37.7

37.4
36.7
38.3
37.5

37.6
37.1
38.5
37.4

32.4

32.7

32.4

32.4

36.3

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

701

30.5

30.1

30.8

30.3

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

721
723
729

34.0
29.5
25.5

34.1
30.4
26.1

34.2
28.9
24.9

34.0
29.2
26.5

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings

73
731
734

33.0
36.2
28.5

33.6
36.7
29.2

33.1
36.1
28.4

33.1
36.1
28.3

7363
737
7371
738
7381

31.0
37.7
38.6
34.2
33.5

31.5
38.3
38.7
34.6
34.5

30.8
37.8
38.3
34.2
33.7

31.1
37.9
38.5
33.8
33.3

Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
See footnotes at end of table.

138




32.7

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Automotive dealers and service stations ...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991 P

$9.14
11.26

10.73

$8.95
11.03
7.90
6.30
11.07

10.49

$9.20
11.37
8.18
6.46
10.43

56
561
562
565
566

6.37
7.60
6.11
6.36
6.22

6.37
7.59
6.09
6.35
6.30

6.79
8.25
6.49
6.58
7.00

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores ...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...

57
571
572
573
5731
5735

8.62
8.50
8.86
8.77
8.74
5.36

8.74
8.59
9.19
8.87
9.16
5.27

Eating and drinking places4

58

5.06

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
594
596
598
599

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1991 P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991 P

Dec.
1991 P

$322.56 $322.20 $327.21
410.33 410.32 417.75
299.85 299.41 305.42
211.01 212.31 215.45
376.62 374.17 362.95

$330.28
422.96
309.20
216.41
355.66

6.85
8.34
6.44
6.69
7.19

169.44
208.24
144.81
172.36
189.09

222.39
151.03
182.88
195.93

179.94
235.95
156.41
178.32
205.10

182.21
236.02
154.56
183.98
210.67

9.03
8.72
9.44
9.43
9.07
5.79

9.09
8.79
9.55
9.46
9.16
5.80

280.15
282.20
292.38
274.50
274.44
136.68

291.04
289.48
314.30
287.39
301.36
141.76

297.09
288.63
323.79
302.70
282.08
151.70

299.06
290.95
324.70
305.56
287.62
153.70

5.09

5.24

5.25

123.97

127.25

129.43

128.63

7.18
6.94
6.67
7.84
10.11
7.40

7.16
6.93
6.65
7.92
10.20
7.39

7.53
7.42
7.03
8.11
10.46
7.74

7.51
7.43
6.96
8.03
10.71
7.71

208.94
190.16
182.09
254.80
384.18
229.40

218.38
193.35
196.18
273.24
387.60
237.96

220.63
204.05
193.33
273.31
401.66
240.71

220.79
207.30
190.01
274.63
414.48
238.24

10.12

10.24

10.49

10.55 $10.69 360.27

370.69

372.40

376.64 $388.05

55
551
553
554

$8.96
11.06

559

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

Finance, insurance, and real estate5

7.87
6.28

8.08
6.47

Ml.72

Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Credit unions

60
602
606

8.51
8.17
8.17

8.61
8.27
8.31

8.87
8.50
8.54

8.91
8.56
8.54

300.40
287.58
289.22

309.10
296.07
296.67

311.34
296.65
301.46

314.52
300.46
302.32

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions

61
614

10.53
9.42

10.74
9.74

11.00
9.60

11.01
9.62

390.66
352.31

407.05
368.17

412.50
361.92

410.67
359.79

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

13.57

13.65

14.70

14.80

510.23

515.97

543.90

552.04

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

11.35
10.45
10.83
12.24

11.47
10.55
11.05
12.33

11.88
10.86
11.27
12.81

11.94
10.91
11.33
12.87

424.49
387.70
415.87
455.33

434.71
395.63
429.85
464.84

444.31
398.56
431.64
480.38

448.94
404.76
436.21
481.34

10.02

10.11

10.33

10.40

10.51 324.65

330.60

334.69

336.96

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

701

7.16

7.27

7.29

7.33

218.38

218.83

224.53

222.10

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

721
723
729

6.92
7.15
7.64

6.94
7.17
7.54

7.14
7.16
7.88

7.14
7.21
7.91

235.28
210.93
194.82

236.65
217.97
196.79

244.19
206.92
196.21

242.76
210.53
209.62

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings

73
731
734

9.56
13.54
7.23

9.63
13.93
7.20

9.76
14.39
7.28

9.84
14.28
7.29

315.48
490.15
206.06

323.57
511.23
210.24

323.06
519.48
206.75

325.70
515.51
206.31

8.12

8.17
15.48
17.93
8.07
6.31

8.13
15.56
17.90
8.27
6.51

8.29
15.55
17.97

251.72
578.32
680.90
275.31
212.73

257.36
592.88
693.89
279.22
217.70

250.40
588.17
685.57
282.83
219.39

343.68

257.82
589.35
691.85
281.55
220.11

Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services

7363
737
7371
738
7381

15.34

17.64
8.05
6.35

8.33

6.61

See footnotes at end of table.




139

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive repair shops

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

75
753

36.6
38.3

36.5
38.2

36.6
38.0

36.5
38.2

Miscellaneous repair services

76

38.1

38.3

38.1

37.9

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services

78
781

27.7
35.0

28.2
37.2

27.5
36.9

27.5
36.0

Amusement and recreation services
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

79
799
7991
7997

26.4
25.4
17.3
28.2

26.8
26.1
17.6
30.2

26.5
25.7
18.8
28.4

26.7
25.6
18.3
27.8

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services

80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
808

32.5
31.7
28.4
29.7
32.2
31.1
34.1
25.6

32.8
32.1
28.8
29.8
32.6
31.4
34.3
26.1

32.4
31.9
28.2
29.7
31.9
31.1
34.1
26.1

32.6
31.9
28.3
29.6
32.1
31.4
34.3
26.8

Legal services

81

34.7

35.6

34.5

34.5

Social services:
Child day care services

835

29.7

29.9

29.8

29.8

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Engineering services
Architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping
Research and testing services
Management and public relations

87
871
8711
8712
872
873
874

37.0
39.0
39.4
37.4
36.7
36.0
35.3

37.3
39.0
39.4
37.7
37.3
36.4
35.5

37.1
38.9
39.2
37.6
37.4
36.4
35.2

37.2
38.8
39.1
38.1
37.4
36.3
35.5

Services, nee

89

36.5

37.3

35.9

36.5

See footnotes at end of table.

140




Average overtime hours
Dec.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive repair shops

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Dec.
1990

Nov.
1991 P

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1991 P

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991 P

75
753

$8.88
9.73

$8.93
9.73

$9.09
9.93

$9.18
9.98

$325.01 $325.95 $332.69 $335.07
372.66 371.69 377.34 381.24

Miscellaneous repair services

76

10.42

10.49

10.74

10.67

397.00

401.77

409.19

404.39

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services

78
781

12.10
18.73

12.47
19.24

12.34
18.57

12.24
18.43

335.17
655.55

351.65
715.73

339.35
685.23

336.60
663.48

Amusement and recreation services
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

79
799
7991
7997

8.54
7.55
7.69
7.64

8.55
7.64
7.60
7.81

8.21
7.67
7.86
7.76

8.57
7.83
7.84
7.90

225.46
191.77
133.04
215.45

229.14
199.40
133.76
235.86

217.57
197.12
147.77
220.38

228.82
200.45
143.47
219.62

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services

80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
808

10.62
10.89
10.31
9.15
7.39
6.76
12.04
8.94

10.65
11.01
10.37
9.26
7.41
6.73
12.03
9.05

11.11
11.27
10.68
9.60
7.65
7.03
12.71
9.52

11.15
11.37
10.78
9.62
7.65
7.04
12.75
9.62

345.15
345.21
292.80
271.76
237.96
210.24
410.56
228.86

349.32
353.42
298.66
275.95
241.57
211.32
412.63
236.21

359.96
359.51
301.18
285.12
244.04
218.63
433.41
248.47

363.49
362.70
305.07
284.75
245.57
221.06
437.33
257.82

Legal services

81

14.37

14.61

14.71

14.86

498.64

520.12

507.50

512.67

Social services:
Child day care services

835

6.12

6.18

6.39

6.45

181.76

184.78

190.42

192.21

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Engineering services
Architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping
Research and testing services
Management and public relations

87
871
8711
8712
872
873
874

13.78
15.04
15.57
13.97
12.35
14.37
12.55

14.02
15.26
15.81
14.16
12.69
14.55
12.82

14.22
15.79
16.35
14.68
12.48
14.95
12.74

14.26
15.82
16.38
14.73
12.39
15.11
12.83

509.86
586.56
613.46
522.48
453.25
517.32
443.02

522.95
595.14
622.91
533.83
473.34
529.62
455.11

527.56
614.23
640.92
551.97
466.75
544.18
448.45

530.47
613.82
640.46
561.21
463.39
548.49
455.47

Services, nee

89

14.08

14.29

15.55

15.60

513.92

533.02

558.25

Dec.
1991 P

569.40

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and
guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing.
3
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.




4

Money payments only; tips, not included.
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are subject to
revision.
5

141

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missiles
and Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing

For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics average
hourly earning series for production workers in aircraft
manufacturing (sic 3721) and guided missiles and space
vehicles manufacturing (SIC 3761) have been used to
escalate labor costs in contracts between aerospace
companies and their customers. Although the Bureau's
series by definition take account of traditional wage rate
changes, they do not capture "lump-sum payments to
workers in lieu of general wage increases" which were
negotiated in aerospace manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
Because of special circumstances in the aerospace

industry, BLS has calculated average hourly earnings
series for SIC 3721 and SIC 3761 which include lump-sum
payments. These series, beginning in October 1983, the
effective date of the first aerospace bargaining agreement
using lump-sum payments, were published in the June
1988 issue of Employment and Earnings. Current and year
earlier data are presented in table C-2a along with the
average hourly earnings series produced as part of the
Current Employment Statistics program. An explanation
of the methodology used to derive these series appears in
the Explanatory Notes of this publication.

C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing
Aircraft (SIC 3721)
Series

Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991 P

Average hourly earnings,
excluding lump-sum payments

$15.89

$15.99

$17.14

$17.32

$14.95

$15.02

$15.37

$15.39

Average hourly earnings,
including lump-sum payments

16.34

16.45

17.54

17.64

15.38

15.43

15.51

15.48

= preliminary.

142




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Nov.

Oct.

Dec.
1991P

$10.74

$10.78

$10.85

11.08
8.76
8.42
10.67
12.41
10.58
11.51
10.11
13.79
11.16
8.50

11.34
8.96
8.54
10.76
12.73
10.79
11.72
10.36
14.31
11.36
8.52

11.36
8.97
8.55
10.85
12.74
10.85
11.72
10.40
14.36
11.33
8.61

11.39

9.88
9.28
15.34
7.81
6.49
11.87
10.99
13.09
15.47
9.55
6.89

9.98
9.31
15.76
7.95
6.63
12.08
11.17
13.50
15.97
9.67
6.98

10.04
9.46
16.60
8.01
6.62
12.13
11.15
13.55
16.18
9.72
7.03

$10.14

Dec.
1990

1991

10.48

$10.57

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

10.98
8.76
8.38
10.62
12.39
10.48
11.41
10.08
13.58
11.05
8.35

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

9.83
9.20
15.93
7.78
6.48
11.82
10.92
13.08
15.45
9.52
6.82

Manufacturing

1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.




Nov.

1991P

1990

Industry

/2\
/2\
/2\
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
/2\
/2\
iZ\
/2\

/2\
(2)
/2\
/2\

I2)

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are
subject to revision.

143

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
Average hourly earnings
Industry

Average weekly earnings

Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

$10.16
7.45

$10.19
7.47

$10.44
7.47

$10.46
7.47

$10.51

$348.49 $353.59 $359.14 $358.78 $364.70
255.49 259.23 257.08 256.09

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

13.82
10.13

13.88
10.18

14.14
10.12

14.30
10.21

$14.52

621.90
455.94

631.54
463.01

627.82
449.41

637.78
455.23

$646.14

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

13.87
10.17

13.92
10.21

14.13
10.11

13.97
9.97

$14.07

529.83
388.44

533.14
390.87

552.48
395.48

525.27
374.93

$533.25

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

10.96
8.04

11.05
8.10

11.25
8.05

11.30
8.07

$11.38

447.17
327.84

456.37
334.58

462.38
330.98

466.69
333.11

$474.55

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

13.09
9.60

13.14
9.63

13.24
9.48

13.30
9.49

$13.34

507.89
372.35

513.77
376.66

511.06
365.83

513.38
366.44

$518.93

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

10.93
8.01

11.04
8.09

11.19
8.01

11.25
8.03

$11.37

415.34
304.50

423.94
310.81

427.46
305.98

428.63
305.95

$437.75

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

6.86
5.03

6.84
5.01

7.07
5.06

7.11
5.07

$7.11

194.82
142.83

199.73
146.43

200.79
143.73

202.64
144.64

$206.19

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

10.12
7.42

10.24
7.51

10.49
7.51

10.55
7.53

$10.69

360.27
264.13

370.69
271.77

372.40
266.57

376.64
268.84

$388.05

Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

10.02
7.35

10.11
7.41

10.33
7.39

10.40
7.42

$10.51

324.65
238.01

330.60
242.38

334.69
239.58

336.96
240.51

$343.68

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.

144




Nov.
1990

Dec.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Dec.
1991P

NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1991

1990
Industry
Dec.

Total private
Mining

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.p

Dec.p

34.6

34.1

34.3

34.2

34.0

34.3

34.6

34.1

34.3

34.5

34.3

34.4

34.5

44.8

44.4

44.9

44.6

44.3

44.9

45.0

43.9

44.5

44.1

43.9

44.3

43.7

40.7
3.5
41.2
3.6
40.0
38.8
42.0
42.3
43.2
41.1
42.1
40.7
41.5
41.5
41.2
39.3

40.4
3.4
40.8
3.3
39.4
38.5
41.0
42.0
42.6
40.6
41.6
40.3
41.5
41.4
40.8
39.0

40.3
3.3
40.7
3.2
39.3
37.5
41.7
41.5
41.5
40.7
41.5
40.5
41.0
40.9
41.0
39.3

40.3
3.3
40.6
3.2
39.2
38.2
41.3
41.4
41.8
40.6
41.5
40.2
40.8
40.5
40.9
39.3

40.2
3.3
40.7
3.3
39.2
38.9
41.3
41.4
41.3
40.7
41.3
40.6
41.0
41.3
40.8
39.2

40.4
3.4
40.8
3.3
39.7
38.9
41.5
41.6
41.8
40.8
41.2
40.6
41.2
41.5
40.8
39.3

40.8
3.7
41.3
3.7
40.6
39.3
42.0
42.3
42.6
41.2
41.8
40.7
42.1
42.9
41.0
39.7

40.7
3.7
41.2
3.7
40.0
39.2
41.9
42.6
43.1
41.3
41.6
40.7
42.3
43.6
40.6
39.6

41.0
3.8
41.4
3.8
40.2
39.1
41.6
43.0
43.9
41.6
42.0
40.8
42.4
43.3
41.0
40.1

41.0
3.7
41.5
3.7
40.5
39.1
42.0
42.8
43.7
41.7
42.1
40.7
42.3
43.0
41.3
40.2

40.9
3.7
41.4
3.7
40.0
39.1
41.9
42.7
43.5
41.6
41.8
40.6
42.5
43.1
40.9
39.8

41.0
3.7
41.4
3.7
40.6
38.8
41.5
42.5
43.1
41.4
41.8
41.1
42.3
42.4
41.3
39.7

41.1
3.8
41.5
3.8
40.9
39.6
42.0
42.5
43.0
41.8
41.9
41.2
41.9
42.3
41.6
40.0

40.0
3.6
40.9
2
()

39.9
3.4
40.7

39.8
3.4
40.6

39.9
3.5
40.3
2
()
40.2
36.7
43.0
37.5
42.5
(2)
40.9
37.2

40.1
3.7
40.4

(2)
39.2
36.5
43.0
37.6
42.4

39.7
3.4
40.3
2
()
39.6
36.4
42.9
37.5
42.4

40.1
3.7
40.4

(2)
39.4
36.3
43.0
37.7
42.6

39.9
3.4
40.6
2
()
39.4
36.6
43.2
37.6
42.7
(2)

(2)
40.8
36.9
43.2

(2)
41.0
37.0
43.5
37.6
42.6

40.3
3.7
40.6
2
()
41.3
37.3
43.4
37.6
43.2
(2)
41.2
37.7

40.4
3.8
40.6
2
()
41.3
37.4
43.4
37.8
43.2
(2)
41.4
37.1

40.5
3.8
40.8
2
()
41.4
37.3
43.5
38.1
43.5
(2)
41.5
38.1

40.6
3.9
40.6
2
()
41.6
37.5
43.7
38.2
43.7
(2)
41.5
37.1

38.9

38.4

38.6

38.8

38.2

38.1

38.1

38.3

28.8

28.4

28.8

28.5

32.6

32.4

32.5

32.7

Construction
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

39.4
36.6
43.5
37.8
42.9
(2)
41.0
37.3

2

2

37.2

38.6
37.9

28.3

Retail trade

36.9

37.9

Wholesale trade

()
40.6

38.7

Transportation and public utilities

()
40.8

28.6

32.2

32.5

39.0
38.3
28.7

40.6
37.1
38.6
38.1
28.6

2

()
40.7
37.1

38.4
37.9
28.4

(2)
41.1

(2)
41.1

40.4
3.8
40.5
2
()
41.4
37.3
43.5
37.8
43.2
(2)
41.4

37.6

37.7

37.3

38.9

38.4

38.7

38.4

37.9

38.2

28.9

28.4

28.6

32.7

32.2

32.4

37.8
42.8

38.8
38.2
28.7

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

32.8

32.4

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular




32.2

32.5

components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1987 forward are
subject to revision.

145

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1982 = 100)
1990

1991

Industry

Nov.p

Dec.p

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Total private

123.3

121.3

121.5

120.9

120.0

121.2

122.1

120.7

121.5

122.3

121.3

121.4

121.7

Goods-producing

106.7

104.4

104.0

102.7

102.5

103.2

103.8

103.8

104.4

104.4

104.0

103.0

103.6

65.3

64.9

65.4

65.0

64.3

64.4

64.2

62.5

62.2

60.9

60.2

60.0

58.7

125.0

126.9

124.4

124.4

123.8

123.3

124.9

124.4

118.9

121.6

102.7

101.6

101.2

102.0

102.3

103.2

102.9

102.6

102.5

102.7

102.0
123.5
117.4
106.2
90.3

100.4

98.8
118.6
111.7
102.4

97.8
117.0
112.6
99.9

97.9
117.4
115.3
100.1

99.6

100.0
122.4

86.6
74.7

85.7
74.7

85.4

99.4
121.3
116.5
102.4
87.1
76.5

99.2
124.0
117.0
101.1

79.1

121.3
115.5
101.6
87.8
76.2

100.3
122.1
116.5
101.6

99.1

122.4

81.8

104.6
95.3
103.1

J03.2

100.8
93.0
101.1
108.0
108.7
84.8
98.0

99.9
92.5
99.7
106.3
108.1
84.8
96.9

100.0
91.3

98.4
119.7
115.6
100.4
85.8
74.7
100.4
90.5
101.1
109.5
118.6

99.4

105.5

105.2
111.0
67.2
92.3
90.5
109.7
123.5
103.1
86.3
119.7

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

Services
1

132.6
103.9

112.5

115.8
85.4
99.4
106.7
111.2
70.9
94.2
91.3
110.2
126.0
104.2
85.6
124.8

120.5
115.9
102.1
89.0

93.8
101.5
111.2
114.8
84.8

98.0
105.9
110.8
71.8
93.7
89.9
109.9
125.1
103.4
84.5
123.4

111.0
70.7
92.3
90.3
109.9
124.4
102.8
85.9
121.6

123.2
100.9




100.7

74.1
100.7
107.3
113.0
83.9
96.3
104.5

109.6
66.2
93.0
89.8
108.6

117.1
101.6
86.7
75.7

88.8
78.0

101.6
91.2
101.3
111.0

113.9

121.8
83.3

128.6
82.3

128.6

83.4

96.2

97.1

98.4

99.2

105.2
110.0
69.3
95.2
91.2

105.8
110.4

106.0
109.0
69.7
98.0
94.2
109.7
122.6
100.9
85.4
122.5

107.2
111.4
74.5

122.8

108.8
122.1

102.4

101.6

87.0

88.4

119.6

121.1

68.8

96.8
92.1
108.9
122.7
101.9
86.2
122.1

102.1
90.3

102.9
91.3

101.4

101.5
114.7
82.6

116.5

102.6
87.9
77.7
103.1
91.3
100.6
113.5
126.6
82.6
99.5
107.0
111.3
71.1
98.5
94.7

102.6

90.0
100.0
113.4
125.9

123.1

115.0
100.1
86.2
74.7

101.7
89.1
101.2

113.2
125.7

81.5
99.3

82.5

107.1
110.8
69.0
99.0
95.4
110.0

107.3
111.1
65.5
99.1
95.7
110.3

99.0

86.0

74.9
102.4
89.0
101.7
111.0
124.4
83.0
100.5

110.5
122.9
102.9
86.4
124.1

110.2

122.6
102.4
86.3
123.7

123.1

102.5
84.9
124.7

123.2
102.7
85.5
125.0

107.6
110.6
69.5
100.1
96.1
111.0
123.8
103.5
84.1
124.6

98.7
94.5

58.3

57.4

57.0

55.9

55.3

55.4

56.0

57.3

56.1

56.8

55.3

56.8

55.3

130.7

128.9

129.4

129.0

127.9

129.3

130.3

128.2

129.2

130.3

129.0

129.7

129.9

116.1

115.3

114.3

114.1

113.3

114.7

114.8

113.5

114.5

115.3

113.8

114.3

114.2

115.8

114.7

114.2

114.3

113.4

114.2

114.5

112.9

113.4

113.6

113.1

112.9

113.2

122.3

120.3

121.1

120.6

119.3

120.6

121.5

119.3

120.1

120.9

118.7

119.9

118.4

121.6

120.4

120.2

119.9

118.3

119.7

121.3

117.9

119.0

120.4

118.0

119.5

121.2

148.1

145.8

146.9

146.5

145.4

147.1

148.5

146.4

147.8

149.2

148.8

149.2

150.2

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.

146

122.7

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1987 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1990

1991

Industry
Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.p

Dec.

Average hourly earnings
Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime2
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Total private (in constant dollars)3

$10.17 $10.18 $10.20 $10.24 $10.28 $10.32 $10.37 $10.36 $10.40 $10.41 $10.40 $10.43 $10.50
13.89
13.87
10.99
10.54
13.11
11.00
6.84
10.22
10.03

14.04
13.95
11.02
10.58
13.15
11.00
6.86
10.17
10.03

13.99
13.97
11.03
10.59
13.13
11.05
6.87
10.22
10.07

14.03
13.97
11.05
10.61
13.16
11.07
6.90
10.32
10.13

14.05
14.05
11.12
10.65
13.19
11.08
6.97
10.28
10.16

14.13
14.00
11.15
10.70
13.24
11.12
6.98
10.35
10.24

14.30
13.98
11.19
10.71
13.23
11.23
7.01
10.50
10.29

14.24
14.01
11.22
10.74
13.26
11.14
7.03
10.40
10.25

14.27
14.07
11.25
10.76
13.30
11.22
7.04
10.47
10.30

14.34
14.04
11.25
10.76
13.27
11.23
7.05
10.55
10.32

14.24
14.02
11.26
10.77
13.20
11.21
7.06
10.49
10.29

14.39
13.96
11.30
10.80
13.29
11.25
7.09
10.56
10.36

7.44

7.42

7.43

7.46

7.47

7.47

7.49

7.47

7.49

7.47

7.46

7.44

14.53
14.03
11.32
10.82
13.31
11.32
7.12
10.67
10.43

O

Average weekly earnings
Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1982) dollars3 .

351.88 347.14 349.86 350.21 349.52 353.98 358.80 353.28 356.72 359.15 356.72 358.79 362.25
257.41 253.02 254.81 255.07 253.83 256.32 259.25 254.89 257.00 257.82 255.90 256.10
0

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time
and one-half.
3
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical




Workers (CPI-W) is used
4
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment
1990 benchmark levels.
all seasonally adjusted
revision.

to deflate these series.

survey estimates are currently projected from March
When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
data from January 1987 forward are subject to

147

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

1991?

Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile

40.9
41.3
41.8

41.1
40.6
42.9

41.6
41.1
43.5

$9.53
9.85
11.19

$9.77
10.22
11.74

Alaska

37.9

40.9

40.3

13.34

Nov.

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Average weekly earnings

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

$9.81
10.21
11.75

$389.78
406.81
467.74

$401.55
414.93
503.65

$408.10
419.63
511.13

13.44

12.46

505.59

549.70

502.14

Nov.
1991p

Arizona

40.5

40.8

41.2

10.44

10.79

10.83

422.82

440.23

446.20

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

40.5
39.5
38.2
41.0
43.5

41.6
39.3
40.8
42.7
42.3

40.8
38.8
40.6
40.5
42.2

8.59
7.83
8.67
9.05
10.88

8.89
8.26
9.10
9.17
10.61

8.95
8.35
9.18
9.30
10.69

347.90
309.29
331.19
371.05
473.28

369.82
324.62
371.28
391.56
448.80

365.16
323.98
372.71
376.65
451.12

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto

40.8
41.4
40.4
39.8
41.3
40.5
41.3
41.5
40.3
38.9
39.3
40.9
39.5
40.7
41.6
38.3
40.2
39.2

40.6
40.2
40.3
40.2
41.0
39.6
41.2
40.4
40.4
40.0
38.2
40.6
40.5
41.5
40.5
38.6
41.2
41.1

40.9
40.9
40.4
39.9
41.6
40.9
42.0
41.3
40.2
40.0
38.5
41.1
40.3
41.5
41.0
38.6
40.7
39.9

11.68
11.79
12.55
9.84
11.11
10.81
13.65
10.98
10.44
12.17
11.90
11.82
12.98
13.89
11.88
11.53
11.30
13.65

11.92
12.01
12.76
9.88
11.36
11.29
13.94
10.87
10.83
12.58
11.52
12.03
12.94
14.32
12.65
11.87
11.49
13.87

12.04
12.12
12.96
10.26
11.46
11.31
14.09
11.01
10.87
12.64
11.46
12.14
13.06
14.43
12.78
11.73
11.58
13.78

476.54
488.11
507.02
391.63
458.84
437.81
563.75
455.67
420.73
473.41
467.67
483.44
512.71
565.32
494.21
441.60
454.26
535.08

483.95
482.80
514.23
397.18
465.76
447.08
574.33
439.15
437.53
503.20
440.06
488.42
524.07
594.28
512.33
458.18
473.39
570.06

492.44
495.71
523.58
409.37
476.74
462.58
591.78
454.71
436.97
505.60
441.21
498.95
526.32
598.85
523.98
452.78
471.31
549.82

Colorado
Denver

41.7
41.3

38.8
40.2

39.6
40.8

11.27
12.63

11.41
12.62

11.54
12.54

469.96
521.62

442.71
507.32

456.98
511.63

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

42.2
42.4
42.4
42.8
41.0
41.3
43.1

41.8
41.6
42.6
42.6
41.2
40.9
41.9

42.0
41.9
43.1
41.8
41.5
41.4
42.6

11.66
12.31
12.56
12.42
11.10
12.12
10.93

12.13
12.85
13.12
12.43
11.61
11.94
11.20

12.16
12.82
13.16
12.73
11.59
11.82
11.31

492.05
521.94
532.54
531.58
455.10
500.56
471.08

507.03
534.56
558.91
529.52
478.33
488.35
469.28

510.72
537.16
567.20
532.11
480.99
489.35
481.81

Delaware
Wilmington

41.2
42.7

43.1
43.3

42.7
43.8

11.42
13.78

12.68
14.97

12.76
15.14

470.50
588.41

546.51
648.20

544.85
663.13

Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

District of Columbia:
Washington MSA

39.3

39.1

39.5

12.71

13.13

13.12

499.50

513.38

518.24

Florida
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Jacksonville
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

41.3
42.0
41.9
39.5
41.6
44.3
41.7
43.3

41.0
41.5
40.8
38.9
40.2
42.6
41.4
40.6

41.6
40.6
41.9
39.1
40.7
44.1
42.3
44.3

9.07
9.44
9.52
7.60
10.48
11.98
9.23
10.17

9.32
9.50
9.84
7.77
10.29
11.86
9.57
10.00

9.40
9.57
9.88
8.34
10.32
12.32
9.63
10.38

374.59
396.48
398.89
300.20
435.97
530.71
384.89
440.36

382.12
394.25
401.47
302.25
413.66
505.24
396.20
406.00

391.04
388.54
413.97
326.09
420.02
543.31
407.35
459.83

Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah

40.9
41.2
46.5

41.4
41.2
47.6

41.2
41.0
48.3

9.28
10.78
11.40

9.64
11.16
11.99

9.63
11.16
12.16

379.55
444.14
530.10

399.10
459.79
570.72

396.76
457.56
587.33

Hawaii
Honolulu

40.0
39.6

40.3
37.9

41.7
39.2

11.10
11.57

11.31
11.75

11.48
12.10

444.00
458.17

455.79
445.33

478.72
474.32

Idaho

38.0

39.5

39.3

10.96

11.17

11.03

441.22

433.48

See footnotes at end of table.

148




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

40.9
41.0
42.8
42.3
41.4
40.4
45.3
42.6
43.8
40.5
43.9
42.3
37.8

$11.52
11.53
13.91
9.98
11.25
13.51
14.81
13.18
12.00
11.55
14.12
12.54
10.83

$11.76
11.54
14.03
10.48
11.55
13.59
14.86
13.47
12.44
11.70
14.73
12.85
11.22

41.8
41.8
39.0
40.3
43.3
41.2
42.6
41.7
40.3
41.3
45.5
41.0
44.8

41.9
42.9
40.9
38.7
43.3
42.5
42.4
42.5
40.4
39.0
44.0
40.2
44.7

12.20
15.82
10.81
10.04
12.48
12.50
16.38
12.73
16.77
12.35
13.22
11.38
10.90

40.8
41.4
40.9
41.6
40.9

40.6
38.0
41.5
40.0
40.4

41.2
40.3
41.8
40.1
41.1

Kansas ...
Topeka .
Wichita..

40.7
37.3
41.6

40.0
39.9
40.8

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette .
Louisville

39.8
42.0
40.0

Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline..
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

41.5
41.2
44.4
40.4
41.7
41.0
43.0
41.8
42.3
40.5
43.1
41.8
39.9

40.9
41.1
41.3
42.9
41.0
40.9
43.7
41.5
43.4
40.5
45.2
42.4
38.4

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

41.5
41.8
38.5
38.7
41.3
39.8
44.0
42.6
39.5
42.9
47.9
41.1
43.1

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City

Nov.
1991p

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

$11.76
11.28
14.13
10.37
11.56
13.50
14.62
13.55
12.54
11.69
14.34
12.93
11.02

$478.08
475.04
617.60
403.19
469.13
553.91
636.83
550.92
507.60
467.78
608.57
524.17
432.12

$480.98
474.29
579.44
449.59
473.55
555.83
649.38
559.01
539.90
473.85
665.80
544.84
430.85

$480.98
462.48
604.76
438.65
478.58
545.40
662.29
577.23
549.25
473.45
629.53
546.94
416.56

12.57
16.96
11.87
10.30
12.82
13.10
16.46
13.36
17.26
12.74
14.09
11.74
10.47

12.57
17.28
11.87
10.03
12.81
13.46
16.39
13.33
17.39
12.92
13.81
11.69
10.49

506.30
661.28
416.19
388.55
515.42
497.50
720.72
542.30
662.42
529.82
633.24
467.72
469.79

525.43
708.93
462.93
415.09
555.11
539.72
701.20
557.11
695.58
526.16
641.10
481.34
469.06

526.68
741.31
485.48
388.16
554.67
572.05
694.94
566.53
702.56
503.88
607.64
469.94
468.90

11.40
14.09
12.21
12.10
9.21

11.66
14.18
12.86
11.93
9.53

11.80
14.69
12.66
12.15
9.52

465.12
583.33
499.39
503.36
376.69

473.40
538.84
533.69
477.20
385.01

486.16
592.01
529.19
487.22
391.27

40.3
39.2
40.1

10.91
12.14
12.45

11.43
13.21
13.21

11.45
13.65
13.09

444.04
452.82
517.92

457.20
527.08
538.97

461.44
535.08
524.91

40.5
41.9
41.3

40.9
42.3
42.2

10.80
11.45
12.22

11.01
11.56
12.84

11.15
11.72
13.09

429.84
480.90
488.80

445.91
484.36
530.29

456.04
495.76
552.40

43.6
45.1
43.5
42.4

44.0
44.9
42.5
42.1

44.1
45.2
43.8
42.1

11.59
13.35
11.06
12.64

11.90
13.86
11.49
13.35

11.94
13.86
11.52
13.04

505.32
602.09
481.11
535.94

523.60
622.31
488.33
562.04

526.55
626.47
504.58
548.98

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

39.7
38.4
37.5

40.4
41.2
39.0

40.4
41.7
38.4

10.91
9.64
10.70

11.10
9.27
10.43

11.22
9.41
10.30

433.13
370.18
401.25

448.44
381.92
406.77

453.29
392.40
395.52

Maryland
Baltimore MSA .

41.1
41.5

40.8
41.4

40.8
41.6

11.69
12.16

12.00
12.54

12.16
12.77

480.46
504.64

489.60
519.16

496.13
531.23

Massachusetts ..
Boston
Springfield
Worcester

40.9
40.6
41.7
42.8

40.9
40.3
42.0
42.1

41.1
40.2
42.0
42.4

11.58
12.33
10.88
11.25

11.81
12.60
11.42
11.14

11.91
12.67
11.39
11.37

473.62
500.60
453.70
481.50

483.03
507.78
479.64
468.99

489.50
509.33
478.38
482.09

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .

40.2
43.9
42.6
41.8
37.1
39.1
39.6
41.4
37.3
38.4
38.8

42.9
42.3
43.4
43.6
43.7
40.6
42.1
43.4
43.8
40.2
42.9

41.0
40.9
42.9
41.5
41.9
39.3
41.0
41.7
40.6
38.4
42.1

14.01
15.79
14.65
15.14
17.94
11.88
10.68
14.04
16.18
12.63
16.09

14.68
16.33
15.16
15.66
18.61
12.54
10.91
14.93
17.79
12.23
16.50

14.66
16.14
15.44
15.55
18.45
12.44
10.75
15.01
17.45
12.13
16.76

563.20
693.18
624.09
632.85
665.57
464.51
422.93
581.26
603.51
484.99
624.29

629.77
690.76
657.94
682.78
813.26
509.12
459.31
647.96
779.20
491.65
707.85

601.06
660.13
662.38
645.32
773.05
488.89
440.75
625.92
708.47
465.79
705.60

See footnotes at end of table.




149

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud

40.5
39.1
40.6
38.6

40.5
39.0
40.2
38.7

Mississippi
Jackson

39.1
39.5

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

40.3
42.0
41.6
40.3

Nov.
1991p

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

40.8
39.2
40.6
40.7

$11.37
11.80
12.06
10.04

$11.58
11.59
12.30
10.18

40.2
40.3

40.5
40.8

8.47
9.41

40.7
41.0
42.0
40.8

40.9
40.4
42.3

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

$11.69
11.40
12.40
10.34

$460.49
461.38
489.64
387.54

$468.99
452.01
494.46
393.97

$476.95
446.88
503.44
420.84

3.69
9.19

8.80
9.51

331.18
371.70

349.34
370.36

356.40
388.01

10.63
11.56
12.75
9.48

10.99
12.52
13.11
9.76

10.95
12.62
13.03
9.75

428.39
485.52
530.40
382.04

447.29
513.32
550.62
398.21

447.86
509.85
551.17
395.85

Montana

38.6

39.8

39.2

11.57

11.79

11.63

446.60

469.24

455.90

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

41.1
39.9
42.6

40.6
40.5
41.4

41.0
39.9
40.9

9.86
11.01
10.58

9.87
11.15
10.31

10.05
10.98
10.60

405.25
439.30
450.71

400.72
451.58
426.83

412.05
438.10
433.54

Nevada
Las Vegas

41.2
41.3

40.7
40.0

41.5
40.2

10.96
12.69

11.18
12.65

11.11
12.74

451.55
524.10

455.03
506.00

461.07
512.15

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester

40.7
41.9
40.8
42.4

41.5
41.6
42.1
41.2

41.3
41.6
41.6
41.6

10.90
11.04
13.93
10.02

10.81
11.17
12.96
10.60

11.04
11.25
13.14
10.67

443.63
462.58
568.34
424.85

448.62
464.67
545.62
436.72

455.95
468.00
546.62
443.87

New Jersey

41.7

41.3

41.8

11.88

12.36

12.37

495.40

510.47

517.07

New Mexico
Albuquerque

40.9
40.7

40.4
41.0

40.4
40.4

9.20
9.30

9.31
9.81

9.69
9.90

376.28
378.51

376.12
402.21

391.48
399.96

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

40.0
41.9
38.9
42.7
40.8
39.7
37.2
37.0
41.1
40.9
40.0
42.0
40.7
40.4
40.3
37.9

40.4
41.9
40.1
43.1
42.0
39.1
38.2
37.8
41.4
39.6
40.5
42.8
39.5
40.6
40.4
41.1

40.7
42.1
40.1
43.4
42.0
39.5
38.2
38.0
41.9
40.9
40.9
43.2
39.8
41.3
41.0
39.4

11.22
12.04
10.10
13.35
10.14
11.84
10.32
10.25
14.32
9.56
10.91
12.72
9.38
12.13
10.54
11.38

11.55
12.60
9.57
13.63
10.67
12.01
10.59
10.31
14.62
10.09
11.22
13.56
10.67
12.76
10.59
12.81

11.58
12.63
9.67
13.55
10.70
12.04
10.56
10.34
14.82
10.11
11.39
13.64
10.65
12.80
10.80
12.31

448.80
504.48
392.89
570.05
413.71
470.05
383.90
379.25
588.55
391.00
436.40
534.24
381.77
490.05
424.76
431.30

466.62
527.94
383.76
587.45
448.14
469.59
404.54
389.72
605.27
399.56
454.41
580.37
421.47
518.06
427.84
526.49

471.31
531.72
387.77
588.07
449.40
475.58
403.39
392.92
620.96
413.50
465.85
589.25
423.87
528.64
442.80
485.01

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

40.0
41.7
40.3
38.8
42.2

40.7
41.1
39.7
39.9
41.2

40.8
41.6
40.2
39.9
41.7

8.96
8.94
9.57
9.66
10.16

9.22
9.12
9.91
9.96
10.41

9.26
9.26
10.01
9.99
10.49

358.40
372.80
385.67
374.81
428.75

375.25
374.83
393.43
397.40
428.89

377.81
385.22
402.40
398.60
437.43

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead

39.8
37.8

40.3
40.7

40.0
40.3

8.84
8.71

9.44
9.04

9.53
9.23

351.83
329.24

380.43
367.93

381.20
371.97

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

42.7
43.2
42.3
43.2
42.6
42.9
41.7
43.4
43.3

43.0
42.6
41.6
43.7
42.6
42.2
43.1
42.9
44.4

43.2
43.4
42.0
44.1
42.7
43.1
43.5
43.0
44.1

12.83
12.00
11.45
12.21
12.18
12.62
13.54
13.64
15.24

13.37
12.30
11.42
12.89
12.77
13.11
14.42
14.25
15.99

13.36
12.28
11.49
12.95
12.77
13.14
14.47
14.26
15.94

547.84
518.40
484.34
527.47
518.87
541.40
564.62
591.98
659.89

574.91
523.98
475.07
563.29
544.00
553.24
621.50
611.33
709.96

577.15
532.95
482.58
571.10
545.28
566.33
629.45
613.18
702.95

See footnotes at end of table.

150




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

41.1
47.7
42.2

41.1
41.8
41.3

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem

39.2
37.6
38.1
39.5
36.6

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
:
State College
Williamsport
York

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991p

41.3
43.0
42.6

$10.81
14.35
11.64

$11.19
12.32
11.75

39.5
38.5
39.4
40.7
38.9

39.2
38.6
39.3
40.0
36.4

11.28
10.90
11.00
11.45
9.91

41.3
40.2
38.0
43.9
44.2
40.7
39.2
39.7
41.3
42.5
40.7
39.5
44.5
38.3
41.6
42.1

40.8
40.4
39.1
44.7
42.6
40.0
39.1
40.0
40.4
41.5
41.2
40.3
43.5
39.3
39.4
41.6

41.1
40.2
40.1
45.5
43.2
40.6
39.1
40.1
41.0
42.1
41.5
39.9
44.5
38.9
39.4
42.0

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

39.6
38.4
39.8

41.2
41.6
41.4

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

41.0
41.0
41.3
41.3

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Average weekly earnings
Nov.

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

$11.39
12.69
12.00

$444.29
684.50
491.21

$459.91
514.98
485.28

$470.41
545.67
511.20

11.51
11.21
11.29
12.01
9.27

11.70
11.37
11.23
11.93
10.02

442.18
409.84
419.10
452.28
362.71

454.65
431.59
444.83
488.81
360.60

458.64
438.88
441.34
477.20
364.73

11.22
11.34
9.68
11.31
11.81
11.23
8.79
11.02
12.16
11.51
11.70
9.85
12.27
10.11
10.37
10.86

11.48
11.46
9.53
11.56
11.93
11.54
9.05
11.35
12.52
12.05
12.09
10.19
12.55
10.32
10.70
11.28

11.55
11.71
9.56
11.70
12.03
11.74
9.01
11.47
12.58
12.08
12.18
10.21
12.62
10.39
10.71
11.35

463.39
455.87
367.84
496.51
522.00
457.06
344.57
437.49
502.21
489.18
476.19
389.08
546.02
387.21
431.39
457.21

468.38
462.98
372.62
516.73
508.22
461.60
353.86
454.00
505.81
500.08
498.11
410.66
545.93
405.58
421.58
469.25

474.71
470.74
383.36
532.35
519.70
476.64
352.29
459.95
515.78
508.57
505.47
407.38
561.59
404.17
421.97
476.70

39.9
40.3
40.9

9.62
9.17
9.69

9.68
9.14
9.85

9.75
9.12
10.06

380.95
352.13
385.66

398.82
380.22
407.79

389.03
367.54
411.45

41.6
41.5
41.9
41.1

41.9
41.4
42.3
41.5

8.98
9.20
9.09
8.95

9.35
9.55
9.68
9.38

9.37
9.59
9.70
9.48

368.18
377.20
375.42
369.64

388.96
396.33
405.59
385.52

392.60
397.03
410.31
393.42

41.0
37.1
44.8

40.6
40.9
41.8

42.2
40.1
45.5

8.58
9.18
9.07

8.87
9.50
9.00

8.81
9.59
8.96

351.78
340.58
406.34

360.12
388.55
376.20

371.78
384.56
407.68

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

38.8
41.3
40.3
38.0
40.5
40.8

39.8
41.5
40.3
40.9
40.4
41.9

40.2
41.6
39.9
41.2
41.6
41.7

8.84
10.02
9.64
9.78
11.16

9.95
10.03
10.96
9.90
10.33
11.17

9.96
10.01
10.82
9.89
10.31
11.07

375.97
365.09
403.81
366.32
396.09
455.33

396.01
416.25
441.69
404.91
417.33
468.02

400.39
416.42
431.72
407.47
428.90
461.62

Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio

42.1
41.5
40.4
45.6
40.7

42.2
41.4
41.6
44.5
41.3

42.7
42.0
42.0
44.2
41.0

10.55
10.26
11.25
12.33
7.99

10.93
10.66
11.80
12.60
8.22

10.99
10.75
11.80
12.64
8.30

444.16
425.79
454.50
562.25
325.19

461.25
441.32
490.88
560.70
339.49

469.27
451.50
495.60
558.69
340.30

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden

40.2
40.7

40.3
40.4

40.8
40.5

10.39
10.53

10.87
10.95

10.89
11.02

417.68
428.57

438.06
442.38

444.31
446.31

Vermont
Burlington

40.5
40.0

41.5
42.0

41.5
41.1

10.80
11.48

11.18
11.74

11.19
11.77

437.40
459.20

463.97
493.08

464.39
483.75

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

40.7
40.5
42.4
40.9
40.0
39.9
43.9
41.8

40.9
39.8
42.5
42.5
39.2
39.2
42.5
41.4

41.3
39.5
41.5
43.2
40.6
39.5
43.3
42.2

10.24
8.81
8.93
9.88
9.99
11.49
13.38
12.11

10.47
8.64
9.36
9.85
9.98
11.84
13.63
12.57

10.53
8.76
9.45
10.14
10.28
11.94
13.84
12.75

416.77
356.81
378.63
404.09
399.60
458.45
587.38
506.20

428.22
343.87
397.80
418.63
391.22
464.13
579.28
520.40

434.89
346.02
392.18
438.05
417.37
471.63
599.27
538.05

Washington

39.6

40.1

39.9

12.93

13.42

13.47

512.03

538.14

537.45

See footnotes at end of table.




151

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland...
Parkersburg-Marietta.
Wheeling

41.0
43.6
42.4
41.8
41.7

40.4
44.8
39.8
40.9
43.2

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

40.8
42.4
42.5
41.2
40.4
39.7
42.2
39.8
40.8
39.6
41.5
42.4

Average hourly earnings
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991 p

41.2
44.1
41.0
42.4
44.2

$11.64
13.16
13.85
13.79
13.46

$11.76
13.62
13.92
14.11
14.35

41.8
42.6
45.2
43.3
43.6
40.8
40.5
42.1
41.9
40.6
44.0
43.4

42.1
43.3
46.2
43.4
42.7
41.4
41.2
40.6
42.7
41.4
42.9
43.1

11.24
12.31
11.51
12.22
13.72
11.17
10.02
10.53
11.96
11.88
11.05
10.98

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

$12.05
14.14
13.78
14.25
14.47

$477.24
573.78
587.24
576.42
561.28

$475.10
610.18
554.02
577.10
619.92

$496.46
623.57
564.98
604.20
639.57

11.54
12.23
12.37
12.41
14.30
12.06
10.52
11.01
12.50
11.82
11.58
11.39

11.69
12.62
12.42
13.06
14.50
12.06
10.66
11.16
12.54
12.25
11.62
11.33

458.59
521.94
489.18
503.46
554.29
443.45
422.84
419.09
487.97
470.45
458.58
465.55

482.37
521.00
559.12
537.35
623.48
492.05
426.06
463.52
523.75
479.89
509.52
494.33

492.15
546.45
573.80
566.80
619.15
499.28
439.19
453.10
535.46
507.15
498.50
488.32

Wyoming

41.5

38.9

39.9

10.24

10.75

11.71

424.96

418.18

467.23

Puerto Rico

40.1

39.7

39.3

6.24

6.42

6.45

250.22

254.87

253.49

Virgin Islands

45.4

40.9

41.4

11.82

12.48

13.16

536.63

510.43

544.82

1

Not available.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

152



publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1990
benchmarks.

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Percent change

Millions of hours (annual rate)
Industry

Total

Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Services
Government

Dec. 1990
to
Dec. 1991

Oct. 1991
to
Nov. 1991

Nov. 1991
to
Dec. 1991

201,619

-0.8

0.0

0.2

163,967

164,548

-1.2

.1

1,555
9,303
39,055
22,482
16,573
11,692
11,980
28,485
12,364
49,425

1,551
8,961
39,026
22,419
16,607
11,674
11,951
28,748
12,490
49,567

1,526
9,153
39,027
22,400
16,627
11,710
11,983
28,425
12,691
50,033

-8.3
-7.6
-1.7
-3.1
.4
-1.7
-2.4
-2.7
-.2
1.8

-.3
-3.7
-.1
-.3
.2
-.2
-.2
.9
1.0
.3

-1.6
2.2
.0
-.1
.1
.3
.3
-1.1
1.6
.9

37,266

37,208

37,071

.8

-.2

-.4

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991

Dec.
1991'

201,125

201,175

163,859

Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
= preliminary.
= revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,




nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2285,
chapter 10, Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

153

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted1
(1982 = 100)
Quarterly index

Annual average
Item

1989
1989

1990

1991

1990
IV

IV

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

109.5
132.4
120.9
132.5
103.1
121.0
136.2
126.0

109.7
132.9
121.2
139.6
103.1
127.2
138.1
130.8

110.0
132.6
120.5
131.3
103.9
119.3
134.3
124.2

109.7
132.5
120.7
131.9
102.9
120.2
136.6
125.6

109.2
132.4
121.3
132.6
102.7
121.5
136.6
126.4

109.1
132.2
121.2
134.1
102.8
122.8
137.3
127.6

109.6
133.2
121.6
136.2
102.6
124.3
138.1
128.8

110.3
133.9
121.4
139.0
103.6
126.1
138.7
130.2

109.6
132.9
121.2
140.9
103.3
128.5
138.0
131.6

109.4
131.8
120.5
142.3
102.6
130.1
137.5
132.5

109.4
130.2
119.1
143.2
102.4
131.0
140.2
134.0

109.9
130.7
119.0
144.8
103.0
131.8
141.4
135.0

110.2
131.3
119.2
145.8
103.0
132.4
142.1
135.6

108.2
132.8
122.7
131.5
102.3
121.5
136.6
126.4

108.1
133.2
123.1
138.3
102.1
127.9
138.6
131.3

108.8
133.0
122.2
130.4
103.2
119.8
134.4
124.5

108.2
132.8
122.7
130.7
102.0
120.8
136.9
126.0

107.9
132.8
123.1
131.5
101.8
121.9
137.4
126.9

107.8
132.6
123.0
133.0
101.9
123.4
137.8
128.0

108.1
133.5
123.5
134.9
101.6
124.9
138.4
129.2

108.6
134.1
123.4
137.6
102.6
126.7
139.0
130.6

107.9
133.1
123.3
139.5
102.3
129.2
138.4
132.2

107.9
132.0
122.4
141.0
101.7
130.7
138.7
133.3

107.9
130.4
120.9
142.0
101.5
131.6
141.8
134.9

108.4
130.9
120.8
143.6
102.1
132.5
142.5
135.7

108.6
131.4
121.0
144.5
102.1
133.1
143.4
136.4

110.7
135.6
122.5
129.4
100.7
115.5
116.9
111.9
172.6
119.0

110.7
135.7
122.6
136.1
100.5
121.3
122.9
117.1
148.2
122.9

111.2
135.6
121.9
128.2
101.5
113.4
115.3
108.7
177.0
117.4

110.6
135.5
122.5
128.6
100.3
114.8
116.2
111.1
178.6
118.7

110.5
135.8
122.9
129.4
100.1
116.1
117.1
113.5
173.0
119.6

110.3
135.6
123.0
131.1
100.5
117.6
118.9
114.4
161.7
120.3

110.3
135.9
123.2
132.6
99.9
118.8
120.3
115.0
161.6
121.4

111.3
136.9
123.0
135.4
101.0
119.8
121.7
115.1
163.6
122.5

110.2
135.4
122.8
137.3
100.7
122.8
124.6
118.1
138.7
123.7

111.0
134.7
121.4
138.7
100.1
123.7
125.0
120.5
128.7
124.0

111.3
133.3
119.7
139.7
99.9
124.9
125.4
123.7
130.9
125.3

112.1
134.0
119.5
141.2
100.4
125.2
125.9
123.4
138.2
126.0

112.6
134.8
119.7
142.1
100.3
125.6
126.2
124.1
136.7
126.3

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

Productivity and cost measures incorporate revised output and
compensation measures reported by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of
the U.S. Department of Commerce and revised hours measures reflecting
the incorporation of the 1990 Hours at Work Survey. Because the hours
measures do not yet incorporate the most recent information from the Ul,
productivity, hourly compensation and real hourly compensation measures
for 1991 are subject to further revision.

154



Revisions to historical manufacturing output data to bring it into
conformance with changes introduced in the broader sectors are not yet
completed. Because the 1982 base year will be affected, index numbers
have not been calculated.
- =not available.
= revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted annual rates
Percent change from
Same quarter, previous year

Previous quarter

Item
III
1990

IV
1990

I
1991

2.4
2.0
-.5
8.4
4.3
5.8
1.7
4.3

-2.2
-3.0
-.8
5.7
-1.1

-0.9
-3.0
-2.2

-0.1

8.1
-2.2
4.4

5.0
-1.3
2.8

2.1
1.8
-.3
8.1
4.1
5.9
1.8
4.5

-2.5
-3.0
-.5
5.6
-1.2

-.3
-3.1
-2.8
4.4
-2.4
4.7

3.7
4.3
.6
7.2
3.2
3.4

5.7
3.5
-2.1
4.0
-2.7

-1.6

-8.1
-6.6
6.5
-.5
8.2

7.5
7.3
-.1
7.2
3.2
-.2

8.0
4.3
-3.4
4.2
-2.5
-3.5

-12.1
-9.2
7.2
.2
10.7

-2.2
-.6
1.7
7.4
3.3
9.8

2.3
2.1
-.2
3.8
-2.8
1.5

-.9
-2.7
5.9
-1.0

3.7
3.2
-.4
8.7
4.6
3.6
4.8
.3
5.0
3.7

-3.9
-4.5
-.6
5.6
-1.2
10.2

2.8
-1.9
-4.5
4.3
-2.5
3.2

9.9
11.1
-48.3
4.1

1.5
8.1
-26.0
1.0

1990

1991

III
1991

1990

1990

IV
1990

I
1991

II
1991

1991

1.9
1.7
-.3
4.6
2.4
2.6
3.6
2.9

1.1
1.8
.7
2.8
-.2
1.7
1.9
1.8

0.5
1.0
.6
5.3
.7
4.9
1.6
3.7

0.4
.3
-.1
6.2
.7
5.8
1.0
4.1

0.2
-.3
-.6
6.2
-.1
5.9
.2
3.9

-0.2
-2.3
-2.1

1.5
4.0

-0.3
-2.3
-2.0
4.2
-.6
4.6
1.9
3.6

0.5
-1.2
-1.6
3.5
-.4
3.0
3.0
3.0

1.9
1.6
-.3
4.6
2.5
2.6
2.1
2.5

.9
1.6
.7
2.7
-.2
1.9
2.4
2.1

.4
1.0
.6
5.2
.6
4.9
1.6
3.7

.1
.2
.1

.0
-.4
-.5
6.0
-.2
6.0
.7
4.1

-.2
-2.3
-2.2
5.2
-.1
5.4
2.4
4.4

-.2
-2.4
-2.2
4.3
-.5
4.6
2.5
3.9

.6
-1.2
-1.9
3.6
-.3
3.0
3.6
3.2

3.8
6.9
3.0
2.2
-.7
-1.5

1.8
.2
-1.6
5.7
1.1
3.8

3.8
1.9
-1.9
5.6
.0

1.4
-3.0
-4.4
5.2
-.1
3.7

1.0
-2.7
-3.6

1.7

3.0
.3
-2.6
5.6
-.6
2.6

1.4
-3.5

-9.1
3.3
-.2
5.3

3.7
2.2
-1.4
4.4
2.2
.7

-1.8
-13.3
-11.7
3.4
-.2
5.3

3.2
2.2
-1.0
4.6
2.5
1.4

3.8
5.5
1.6
2.8
-.2
-1.0

2.9
.3

5.0
2.0
-2.8
5.7
.1
.6

4.2
.0
-4.0
5.6
-.6
1.4

2.5
-3.9
-6.2
5.5
.2
2.9

1.4
-5.1
-6.4
4.8
.0
3.3

.5
-4.8
-5.3
4.5
.6
4.0

-1.0
-6.4
-5.4
4.0
.4
5.1

4.4
2.3
-2.1
3.9
1.8
-.5

4.0
9.2
4.9
1.6
-1.3
-2.3

.3
.2
-.1
5.5

1.4
.7
-.6
5.9
-.3
4.5

.2
-1.5
-1.7
5.3
.0
5.0

1.9
-.8
-2.6
4.4
-.4
2.5

2.3
.9

.9
5.2

2.2
1.6
-.6
5.6
.1
3.4

-1.4
3.8
.0
1.5

1.4
-4.3
-5.6
2.7
-.8
4.0
1.3

2.9
2.1
-.8
4.4
2.3
.8

1.7
2.5

.6
1.1
.4
5.4
.7
4.4
4.7
3.5
-8.4
3.2

_2
-.3
-.1
6.1
.6
5.8
6.4
4.1
-19.8
3.5

.6
-.7
-1.3
5.8
-.4
5.2
5.2
5.3
-20.4

.9
-1.9
-2.8
5.3
.0
5.2
4.3
7.6

-2.2
-2.9
4.2
-.6
4.5
3.5
7.2

2.2
-.4
-2.6
3.5
-.4
2.3
1.3
5.0

-19.0
3.2

-15.5
2.8

-1.4
2.0

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour ....
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

4.1
-2.7

-4.9
-4.7
2.6
-.9
2.7
7.9
4.5

5.1
-.2
5.4

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour ....
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

8.4
-1.7
4.8

1.0
3.4

.1

-4.9
-4.9
2.7
-.8
2.7
9.0
4.8

6.1
.5
6.0
.8
4.2

Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

-1.6

-1.8
-10.8

-4.9
4.5
-.3
3.0

4.1
.2

3.1

Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

-3.1

-2.6
6.0
1.3
3.0

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

1.9

3.9

Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

Productivity and cost measures incorporate revised output and
compensation measures reported by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of
the U.S. Department of Commerce and revised hours measures reflecting
the incorporation of the 1990 Hours at Work Survey. Because the hours
measures do not yet incorporate the most recent information from the Ul,




11.2
7.0
4.2

1.5
-1.1
24.4
2.2

.8
2.6
-.4
1.3
.9
2.4
-4.2
.9

3.1

productivity, hourly compensation and real hourly compensation measures
for 1991 are subject to further revision.
= revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

155

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Nov.
1990

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991p

1,914.0
444.3
135.0
215.2
139.0
74.2

1,907.1
442.5
132.8
215.7
136.2
74.0

1,888.9
438.5
131.8
215.0
135.0
73.9

Nov.
1990

128.2
22.9

Oct.
1991

127.4
25.5

Nov.
1991?

116.8
22.8

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

6.7
5.8
4.7
7.1
5.9
5.1

6.2
5.2
4.3
6.4
5.1
4.8

6.3

6.3

5.7

14.4

15.3

13.8

8.3
3.4

8.0

6.9
3.6

6.7
5.1
4.6
6.7
6.0
4.6

3.8

251.9

259.7

255.5

16.9

23.3

25.1

6.7

9.0

9.8

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

1,727.9
1,073.1
315.3

1,714.5
1,060.9
317.7

1,733.1
1,069.1
322.4

89.1
44.7
13.0

103.5
56.5
13.4

118.2
64.2
16.6

5.2
4.2
4.1

6.0
5.3
4.2

6.8
6.0
5.2

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,143.2
65.5
94.0
270.9
37.6

1,107.8
63.1
90.1
263.6
36.7

1,125.8
64.5
91.2
270.0
37.0

74.9
2.2
8.5
14.3
3.2

79.1

6.5
3.3
9.0

7.1
3.9
8.6
6.4

6.2
3.3
7.5

17.0

70.1
2.1
6.9
14.4

3.7

3.2

14,663.0
1,383.7
232.8
322.5
4,337.0
164.9
1,103.6
375.0
1,097.8
744.5
165.6
1,178.2
875.5
809.8
181.8
215.5
198.7
202.1

15,001.1
1,386.1
236.3
328.1
4,578.0
167.7
1,108.5
369.5
1,121.4
752.6
166.1
1,176.8
882.1
810.0
180.2
223.4
202.6
206.9

14,997.9
1,385.7
235.0
323.1
4,574.0
169.0
1,116.9
369.1
1,117.6
757.8
166.4
1,178.0
889.3
809.6
182.8
222.5
200.5
205.5

951.7
57.3
29.6
41.4
251.0
23.0
52.2
28.1
90.7
43.3
17.8
64.9
31.7
39.2
10.2
10.9
25.6
13.2

1,093.9
69.0
30.2
36.8
357.0
20.0
60.2
28.0
103.4
49.0
12.4
74.2
39.4
46.1
10.3
11.9
217
12.9

1,089.7
60.4
28.7
38.6
389.0
21.4
54.2
26.7
90.5
47.2
15.9
65.6
34.4
41.2
10.7
11.5
24.1
12.6

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,772.0
142.1
907.9

1,769.3
140.5
906.0

1,777.7
140.4
912.4

74.0

75.7

3.9

4.5

35.1

37.3

44.0

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

1,774.5
228.5
431.4
73.9
288.7
113.4
102.8

1,798.7
230.8
433.5
75.1
290.4
115.9
102.0

1,802.4
230.3
434.4
75.4
291.1
115.9
102.3

84.8
13.0
18.6
4.3
13.2
3.7

107.7
15.9
25.2
5.9
16.5

112.6
16.0
26.5

7.3

4.8
9.0

363.2
314.9

363.2
313.8

364.2
315.7

23.5
20.8

20.2
17.4

District of Columbia
Washington

293.0
2,196.3

274.5
2,223.2

274.0
2,210.9

20.5
88.0

Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

6,460.1
162.1
669.2
157.4
111.3
466.6
183.4
197.8
963.2
646.3
152.3
128.4
140.2
1,029.5
440.4

6,498.0
163.2
671.7
162.8
112.8
470.2
186.4
195.9
953.9
644.6
152.7
130.6
142.7
1,043.2
437.0

6,504.6
161.6
668.1
163.5
112.7
471.4
188.1
195.2
947.3
645.0
153.0
130.4
141.4
1,043.2
441.0

408.0
10.5
38.8

Alaska

California1
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

156




7.6
3.9

26.9
16.6
12.9
68.6
37.4
11.2
5.3
6.2

55.1
29.1

2.5
7.8

5.3
8.5
6.5

4.1
12.7
12.8
5.8
13.9
4.7
7.5
8.3
5.8

10.8

10.2
7.3
5.0
12.8
11.2
7.8
11.9
5.4
7.6
9.2
6.5
7.5
6.3

5.3
8.7
7.3
4.4

12.2
12.0
8.5

12.7
4.9
7.2
8.1
6.2

4.5
5.7
5.7
5.3

9.6
5.6
3.9
5.1
5.8
5.2

12.9

10.7

12.0

6.5

6.2

6.1

90.1

4.2

5.1

2.8
3.9

4.3
3.2
4.1

5.1
3.6
4.8

4.8

6.0

6.2

5.7
4.3

6.9
5.8

6.0

5.8

7.8

16.8
5.2
9.1

4.6
3.3
7.1

5.7
4.2
8.8

7.0
6.1
8.0
5.8
4.5
8.9

17.8
16.3

6.5
6.6

5.6
5.5

4.9
5.2

22.9
97.8

21.8
101.7

7.0
4.0

8.3
4.4

8.0
4.6

467.0
11.0
50.0
10.1

458.9
11.1
47.2
9.8
5.4
33.4
17.0
14.5
75.5
43.8

6.3
6.5
5.8
4.8
3.5
5.8

7.2
6.8
7.4
6.2

7.1
6.9
7.1
6.0
4.8
7.1
9.0
7.4
8.0
6.8
6.4
5.0
4.3
6.1
7.6

48

30 1
18.1
14.5
82.1
40.0
8.7
6.6
5.8
64.0
39.2

9.8
6.5
6.1

63.5
33.4

5.5
3.6
4.8
5.6
5.1

9.1
6.5
7.1
5.8
7.3
4.1
4.5
5.4
6.6

4.2
6.4
9.7
7.4
8.6
6.2
5.7
5.0
4.1
6.1
9.0

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

3,244.0
54.9
77.7
1,537.6
199.3
101.9
136.0
119.0

3,148.4
54.2
76.1
1,486.6
196.9
100.2
133.3
116.4

3,150.4
54.1
76.1
1,488.3
197.3
100.3
132.9
116.9

190.4
3.5
3.8
83.5
9.4
6.9
6.5
5.5

147.2
2.9
2.8
67.0
8.8
5.3
5.7
5.2

Hawaii
Honolulu .

546.0
395.9

560.0
401.8

559.8
402.5

14.5
9.9

Idaho
Boise City

493.9
117.0

507.3
117.2

507.8
120.1

Illinois1
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

6,056.4
193.1
77.3
94.1
3,303.7
182.8
61.1
210.6
47.9
312.7
167.1
157.2
115.1

5,960.7
189.7
75.7
93.4
3,244.3
183.0
60.4
210.8
48.5
307.7
164.0
154.9
114.3

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,818.6
60.0
61.6
93.7
144.4
202.6
261.8
665.9
48.1
69.3
61.3
130.6
61.3

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls .

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

130.6
2.5
2.5
58.0
8.4
4.5
4.9
4.4

5.9
6.3
4.9
5.4
4.7
6.8
4.8
4.6

4.7
5.4
3.7
4.5
4.5
5.3
4.2
4.4

4.1
4.7
3.3
3.9
4.3
4.5
3.7
3.8

16.1
10.0

16.2
9.8

2.7
2.5

2.9
2.5

2.9
2.4

27.6
3.9

23.0
4.1

29.0
4.8

5.6
3.4

4.5
3.5

5.7
4.0

5,968.7
190.8
76.2
93.7
3,242.1
184.0
60.6
213.8
48.8
306.7
166.8
155.7
115.4

359.5
11.1
3.0
3.4
190.5
10.2
4.2
12.3
3.2
13.5
9.3
9.8
4.6

446.9
14.1
3.3
4.6
241.4
12.6
5.8
15.4
4.3
14.6
12.0
12.9
6.1

500.5
16.2
4.7
5.2
257.6
13.4
6.5
19.3
4.9
18.0
14.9
14.6
7.4

5.9
5.8
3.9
3.6
5.8
5.6
6.8
5.8
6.7
4.3
5.6
6.2
4.0

7.5
7.5
4.3
4.9
7.4
6.9
9.6
7.3
8.9
4.7
7.3
8.4
5.4

8.4
8.5
6.2
5.6
7.9
7.3
10.7
9.0
9.9
5.9
9.0
9.4
6.4

2,795.0
57.3
62.5
92.0
142.7
198.2
258.0
677.8
44.2
67.5
60.5
129.2
61.6

2,777.0
56.0
62.2
90.8
142.2
197.1
257.8
678.7
43.6
67.0
60.4
129.4
61.2

146.0
4.4
1.5
6.8
7.6
10.7
12.3
24.9
4.6
1.6
3.1
6.3
2.4

172.5
4.1
2.4
5.7
8.8
11.6
18.6
32.8
3.0
2.4
3.9
8.0
3.8

161.0
3.7
2.3
5.6
8.2
10.3
17.3
32.5
2.6
2.1
3.4
7.6
3.1

5.2
7.3
2.5
7.3
5.2
5.3
4.7
3.7
9.7
2.3
5.0
4.8
3.9

6.2
7.1
3.9
6.2
6.1
5.8
7.2
4.8
6.7
3.5
6.4
6.2
6.1

5.8
6.6
3.8
6.2
5.8
5.2
6.7
4.8
5.9
3.1
5.7
5.9
5.1

1,500.3
96.8
236.1
44.9
62.4
60.9
74.5

1,506.5
96.3
237.3
45.4
62.3
62.0
75.4

1,524.0
97.1
239.9
45.8
64.2
62.3
76.8

59.3
4.6
6.8
2.3
.9
2.0
3.4

64.2
4.6
9.3
2.2
1.0
2.8
3.6

61.1
3.7
8.1
2.1
.9
2.4
3.8

3.9
4.8
2.9
5.1
1.4
3.4
4.6

4.3
4.8
3.9
4.8
1.6
4.4
4.8

4.0
3.8
3.4
4.6
1.4
3.9
4.9

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,303.2
45.3
92.6
257.9

1,300.4
45.4
91.0
260.9

1,296.3
45.2
90.9
261.2

56.3
1.5
4.5
10.3

57.1
1.5
4.6
11.6

54.1
1.5
4.1
10.4

4.3
3.3
4.9
4.0

4.4
3.3
5.0
4.5

4.2
3.3
4.5
4.0

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette ...
Louisville
Owensboro

1,776.4
201.6
523.9
44.8

1,765.9
193.7
523.5
43.9

1,769.9
192.8
522.1
44.1

99.0
8.1
25.2
2.0

121.8
7.4
38.7
2.9

125.3
8.5
33.2
3.1

5.6
4.0
4.8
4.4

6.9
3.8
7.4
6.7

7.1
4.4
6.4
6.9

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux .
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,891.7
57.9
271.8
70.2
106.8
78.2
69.1
581.7
155.3

1,951.9
59.8
281.7
73.9
109.7
83.2
72.4
595.7
160.5

1,940.1
59.3
280.3
73.7
109.3
82.5
73.0
590.7
159.5

113.6
3.5
14.4
3.6
4.9
5.5
4.0
30.8
10.2

134.6
4.2
16.5
5.0
6.4
7.1
4.2
37.5
10.8

120.2
3.7
15.0
4.6
5.7
6.3
4.0
31.7
9.9

6.0
6.0
5.3
5.2
4.6
7.0
5.8
5.3
6.6

6.9
7.1
5.8
6.7
5.8
8.5
5.9
6.3
6.7

6.2
6.2
5.3
6.2
5.2
7.6
5.5
5.4
6.2

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn ...
Portland

632.2
43.6
131.8

641.3
43.1
132.1

630.1
42.7
131.8

42.7
4.0
6.0

36.1
3.4
5.7

39.8
3.5
6.0

6.8
9.1
4.6

5.6
8.0
4.3

6.3
8.3
4.5

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins .
Savannah

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

See footnotes at end of table.




157

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

Maryland
Baltimore

2,503.0
1.199.7

2,557.6
1.224.6

2,565.3
1,227.3

143.1
72.7

140.4
74.9

Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3.107.8
1.534.3
99.4
75.4
45.2
184.7
146.5
85.2
41.1
254.7
214.1

3,131.9
1,543.2
99.4
76.6
45.7
184.1
146.0
86.7
42.3
259.9
214.2

3,132.2
1,546.4
99.6
76.6
45.5
183.4
147.6
86.5
42.4
259.3
214.8

204.6
84.7
7.9
7.6
4.2
16.2
10.5
8.5
3.1
16.3
15.1

Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,544.7
165.2
64.5
77.4
2,124.5
183.5
377.8
65.3
120.5
240.7
67.7
187.1

4,535.5
166.1
63.0
78.5
2,088.6
187.0
382.3
64.6
119.8
240.9
67.6
187.6

4,564.4
168.8
63.7
77.9
2,111.3
187.0
384.7
64.3
120.1
241.6
67.7
188.6

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,437.4
114.7
1,426.8
66.7
102.8

2,440.7
114.6
1,420.1
66.2
107.6

Mississippi
Jackson

1,179.7
200.6

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis LMA
Springfield

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991P

157.2
81.8

5.7
6.1

5.5
6.1

6.1
6.7

257.6
112.4
10.2
8.7
5.0
18.2
14.1
9.4
3.8
22.3
19.3

250.3
107.2
9.5
8.5
4.6
17.4
13.4
9.3
3.9
22.0
18.2

6.6
5.5
7.9
10.1
9.3
8.8
7.1
10.0
7.6
6.4
7.1

8.2
7.3
10.2
11.3
10.9
9.9
9.7
10.8
9.0
8.6
9.0

8.0
6.9
9.6
11.1
10.0
9.5
9.1
10.7
9.1
8.5
8.5

326.3
6.3
3.9
5.0
150.3
22.2
21.3
4.8
5.2
11.5
6.1
13.8

386.1
8.9
5.0
6.9
185.1
23.3
26.1
6.1
7.0
14.1
7.8
14.3

411.4
10.7
5.5
7.1
196.9
21.6
27.3
6.0
6.7
14.4
7.9
14.7

7.2
3.8
6.0
6.5
7.1
12.1
5.6
7.4
4.3
4.8
9.1
7.4

8.5
5.3
7.9
8.8
8.9
12.4
6.8
9.4
5.8
5.9
11.6
7.6

9.0
6.3
8.7
9.1
9.3
11.5
7.1
9.4
5.5
6.0
11.7
7.8

2,407.5
113.4
1,406.7
65.5
106.5

94.3
5.1
48.2
1.9
4.4

114.2
6.7
65.7
2.1
5.6

120.9
6.9
62.4
2.2
5.8

3.9
4.4
3.4
2.8
4.3

4.7
5.8
4.6
3.2
5.2

5.0
6.1
4.4
3.3
5.4

1,167.6
199.0

1,164.6
198.6

88.0
10.6

83.5
10.8

79.6
9.6

7.5
5.3

7.2
5.4

6.8
4.8

2,640.8
854.4
1,271.1
131.3

2,668.0
860.3
1,270.7
132.5

2,681.9
862.0
1.273.5
134.2

156.2
42.4
78.1
6.2

171.7
49.0
87.2
6.7

164.3
43.4
86.4
6.4

5.9
5.0
6.1
4.7

6.4
5.7
6.9
5.0

6.1
5.0
6.8
4.8

Oct.
1991

395.1

393.3

396.7

26.7

245

29.3

6.8

6.2

7.4

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

845.1
132.9
344.4

855.8
130.4
352.6

841.7
128.8
349.2

13.2
1.3
7.4

19.4
2.4
10.0

23.6
2.9
10.7

1.6
1.0
2.2

2.3
1.8
2.8

2.8
2.3
3.1

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

641.2
399.4
137.6

656.2
410.4
138.6

652.4
408.5
137.7

33.3
21.0
6.8

34.4
23.4
6.2

35.4
23.3
6.7

5.2
5.3
5.0

5.2
5.7
4.5

5.4
5.7
4.9

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester....

632.5
88.5
99.8
141.6

624.5
87.4
98.8
139.7

622.5
87.1
98.0
140.5

41.3
5.8
6.9
7.4

41.3
5.8
7.5
6.6

43.4
5.4
6.9
7.8

6.5
6.5
6.9
5.2

6.6
6.6
7.5
4.7

7.0
6.2
7.1
5.5

New Jersey1
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

4,052.3
185.8
705.3
276.4
594.4
485.7
953.5
175.9
62.5

4,023.5
185.1
690.1
269.4
592.9
490.9
940.3
174.4
62.6

3,965.8
181.5
681.5
265.2
584.8
480.2
927.7
172.0
62.5

209.1
14.7
31.9
19.9
22.5
25.9
51.0
7.4
5.5

271.9
16.0
43.4
24.3
30.9
34.0
66.5
9.6
6.2

267.8
18.0
42.6
23.2
31.6
32.5
62.9
9.7
7.6

5.2
7.9
4.5
7.2
3.8
5.3
5.4
4.2
8.8

6.8
8.7
6.3
9.0
5.2
6.9
7.1
5.5
10.0

6.8
9.9
6.2
8.7
5.4
6.8
6.8
5.6
12.2

702.8
265.5
61.2
71.3

718.8
275.4
61.4
73.6

717.7
272.9
61.2
73.7

44.1
13.1
3.8
2.7

42.0
12.6
3.6
2.1

43.5
12.2
3.6
2.3

6.3
4.9
6.3
3.8

5.8
4.6
5.9
2.8

6.1
4.5
5.9
3.1

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
See footnotes at end of table.

158




STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991?

New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

8,568.5
432.6
119.5
450.5
42.7
50.4
1,362.7
4,018.4
3,367.0
131.2
126.2
499.7
321.3
134.1

8,540.6
433.2
118.6
458.9
41.7
51.0
1,365.7
3,956.5
3,305.0
133.1
125.7
506.3
321.9
133.9

8,535.5
432.0
117.4
456.8
41.8
51.2
1,342.7
3,980.1
3,328.0
131.5
123.6
504.3
322.1
134.8

5.9

North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

3,384.1
92.2
644.6
517.1
416.3

3,490.4
94.6
670.7
530.9
432.2

3,469.8
94.5
666.3
528.1
429.9

171.9
3.9

4.2

4.7

27.5
23.3
12.3

33.2
23.9
15.1

35.8
26.2
16.3

319.0
46.6
90.0
36.0

317.8
47.3
89.8
35.5

312.6
47.3
89.6
35.5

10.6

10.7

12.6

1.5
2.1
1.0

1.7
1.9
.9

Ohio1
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

5,463.2
337.5
194.1
791.9
956.7
748.9
480.2
317.3
222.4

5,434.5
336.3
192.4
792.4
953.6
751.6
479.2
310.8
218.9

5,457.3
338.9
193.8
793.3
957.1
756.1
477.7
312.3
219.7

287.2
16.3
10.3
29.0
42.2
29.3
24.4
20.7
16.1

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,530.6
27.1
47.7
497.2
341.8

1,523.3
27.0
49.1
489.8
345.3

1,507.1
27.0
48.8
481.3
340.4

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem

1,508.4
151.5
74.3
694.7
143.4

1,504.0
148.8
74.5
695.4
143.2

Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

5,910.8
337.4
62.1
59.4
135.9
332.5
98.2
227.9
2,453.0
995.8
175.3
366.2
53.3
69.2
60.5
224.5

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991p

5.3
3.3
3.8
4.3
4.0
6.0

7.7
5.8
5.7
6.6
6.9

3.5
6.7
7.4
4.5
2.9
3.3
4.3
4.4

6.9
5.3
5.4
6.1
5.9
7.2
6.3
7.9
8.5
6.4
4.8
4.7
6.0
6.2

5.1
4.2
4.3
4.5
2.9

5.1
4.5
5.0
4.5
3.5

5.7
5.0
5.4
5.0
3.8

1.8
2.8
1.0

3.3
3.2
2.3
2.7

3.4
3.7
2.2
2.5

4.0
3.9
3.1
2.9

282.0
16.0
10.7
36.5
44.3
29.6
25.3
17.8
12.4

290.4
17.0
11.3
36.5
46.0
30.7
22.6
19.1
13.6

5.3
4.8
5.3
3.7
4.4
3.9
5.1
6.5
7.2

5.2
4.7
5.6
4.6
4.6
3.9
5.3
5.7
5.6

5.3
5.0
5.8
4.6
4.8
4.1
4.7
6.1
6.2

91.3

90.0

101.5

1.2
2.7

1.2
3.1

1.5
3.3

30.8
17.4

25.0
20.3

26.7
22.9

6.0
4.5
5.6
6.2
5.1

5.9
4.3
6.3
5.1
5.9

6.7
5.5
6.7
5.5
6.7

1,503.9
148.7
74.4
702.9
141.4

83.3

86.1

93.0

9.6
5.0

9.6
4.8

9.6
4.9

27.8

33.3

35.8

7.8

7.2

8.1

5.5
6.3
6.8
4.0
5.4

5.7
6.4
6.5
4.8
5.0

6.2
6.4
6.6
5.1
5.7

5,993.1
344.2
62.7
61.0
138.4
335.8
100.4
228.7
2,481.4
1,009.8
178.6
371.0
53.4
71.0
60.6
229.3

5,975.4
342.5
62.6
60.8
137.3
335.1
99.4
228.3
2,470.8
1,009.8
178.5
370.2
53.1
71.0
60.4
226.9

347.4
19.7

382.5
21.9

386.2
21.8

5.1
4.7
7.9

5.0
5.5
9.6

6.4
6.4
7.9
9.0
6.9
4.9
8.8
4.7
6.3
5.4
5.7
8.0
7.5
5.5
6.6
6.1

6.5
6.4
7.8
9.3
7.4
5.0
8.7
5.1
6.1
5.6
5.7
8.1
6.7
6.1
7.0
5.5

512.1
164.1
338.0

508.1
161.8
337.1

1,718.4
238.0
242.3
343.3
358.0
40.0
76.5

451.7
14.3

Oct.
1991

591.1
22.9

660.5
25.1

4.5

6.5

6.7

19.4

28.0

30.1

1.7
3.0

2.4
3.7

2.9
5.2

47.7
269.3
248.0

86.2
313.7
279.0

73.6
373.1
339.0

5.9
3.6

8.5
6.1

8.3
4.9

16.7
14.0

23.7
19.4
8.3

24.9
21.5
10.2

179.1

196.2

10.2
5.5
9.4

10.2
6.3
3.9
4.9
6.7
7.6

8.4

8.8

8.7

11.6
123.8
50.5
28.4

10.7
157.2
54.2
10.1
29.5

11.5
151.8
57.0
10.2
30.1

3.0
4.3
4.7

4.0
3.9
4.0

3.5
4.3
4.3

11.9

14.0

12.4

5.9
5.9
8.1
8.0
5.8
4.9
8.6
5.1
5.0
5.1
5.4
7.8
5.6
6.2
7.7
5.3

506.2
161.7
336.0

32.6
11.8
20.7

45.8
15.3
30.4

43.8
14.4
29.0

6.4
7.2
6.1

9.0
9.4
9.0

8.6
8.9
8.6

1,737.4
247.7
248.7
346.3

1,738.7
247.4
250.0
345.8

92.6

15.4

97.2
11.8
10.2
15.8

104.8
12.5
10.7
16.6

5.4
3.8
3.9
4.5

5.6
4.8
4.1
4.6

6.0
5.1
4.3
4.8

366.3
41.3
78.0

363.6
41.1
79.0

11.6

10.5

10.3

1.2
1.8

1.4
1.5

1.2
1.7

3.2
3.0
2.3

2.9
3.3
1.9

2.8
3.0
2.2

16.3

9.4

9.1
9.4

16.4

4.9
5.6

10.1
16.7

See footnotes at end of table.




159

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.
1991"

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,399.6
210.6
221.1
284.8
477.6
534.3

2,431.7
215.3
225.8
286.1
479.4
542.9

2,429.1
214.3
226.6
286.7
478.5
540.5

127.5
10.3
10.2
13.4
22.9
21.0

151.7
11.7
11.5
15.2
27.2
27.1

Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
:
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland

8,524.4
51.1
95.9
440.9
168.3

8,533.6
50.3

8,559.5
50.4

94.9
442.6

95.6
444.5

583.1
3.3
4.8

173.3

174.5

87.6
106.2
63.3

89.4
107.5
63.9

90.2
107.6
64.7

168.2
1,443.1
255.7
737.7
109.7
1,741.6

168.4
1,443.6
253.5
734.0

1,444.6
254.2
732.3

111.3
1,759.0
96.6
52.7
78.5

167.7

Nov.
1990

20.9
12.8
5.2

14.2
2.0
14.1
83.1

31.1
44.5

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991

Nov.

147.4
11.5
12.4
15.5
25.5
25.3

5.3
4.9
4.6
4.7
4.8
3.9

6.2
5.4
5.1
5.3
5.7
5.0

6.1
5.4
5.5
5.4
5.3
4.7

616.1
3.2
5.0
23.3

579.6

13.9
5.4
13.9
2.4
14.7

13.5
5.9
13.4
2.5

6.3
4.0

3.1
4.2
5.4
1.7
5.8
3.4

6.8
6.5
5.0
4.7
7.6
5.9
13.4
3.2
8.4
5.8
12.2
6.0
8.1
5.6
8.2
11.9
7.7
5.2
21.6
5.3
5.5
5.7
7.7
6.4
6.9
7.1
4.8
6.5
6.7

7.2
6.4
5.2
5.3
8.0
6.1
13.0
3.8
8.7
6.8
11.3
7.2
7.4
6.5
7.6
9.8
8.8
6.2
18.7
6.6
7.7
5.6
7.0
7.1
8.0
7.1
5.7
6.8
7.3

6.8
5.5
5.2
4.7
7.7
6.6
12.5
3.8
8.2
6.2
10.5
6.5
7.4
6.0
7.2
9.5
8.3
5.8
18.7
5.8
7.3
5.7
6.3
6.5
7.3
7.2
4.6
6.3
6.3

Oct.
1991

98.2
28.6

52.9
8.2

Nov.
1991?

2.8
5.0
21.1

13.8
89.7
26.6
47.6
8.2
105.5
7.0
5.1
6.6
6.7
30.6
2.8

115.3
161.9
48.4
53.0
44.2
601.7

111.1
1,759.5
96.9
53.2
78.6
115.7
163.4
48.8
53.4
44.2
603.0

35.9

46.9
56.5
73.8
37.0

46.9
57.1
74.1
37.2

93.4
55.3

93.5
54.8

93.1
54.7

3.9
5.3
1.7
6.0
3.7

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen

801.9
123.8
516.6

807.4
123.6
520.1

809.0
124.8
520.6

29.4
4.7
18.0

36.0
5.1
22.6

38.2
5.9
23.3

3.7
3.8
3.5

4.5
4.1
4.3

4.7
4.7
4.5

Vermont
Burlington

306.5
78.2

310.7
78.9

313.5
79.4

18.4
3.0

13.9
2.5

17.4
3.0

6.0
3.9

4.5
3.2

5.6
3.8

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News.
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

3,228.8

3,339.2
75.8
53.7
76.4
648.1
483.4

3,301.6
74.9

186.2
3.4
4.6
4.4
38.2

130.9

148.9
2.7
4.4
4.1
27.6
18.9
4.6

172.8
3.2

52.9
75.3
640.0
479.7
129.3

4.6
3.6
8.2
5.4
4.4
4.0
3.6

5.2
4.3
7.2
5.4
5.6
5.0
4.5

5.6
4.5
8.7
5.9
6.0
5.4
4.9

Washington
Seattle

2,478.1
1,123.8

2,498.9
1,115.2

2,458.1
1,115.8

128.3
40.2

142.1
52.0

153.7
52.4

5.2
3.6

5.7
4.7

6.3
4.7

770.4
119.4
132.3
72.8
71.4

779.2
119.6
132.3
72.7
71.1

783.5
118.7
132.6
73.3
72.6

68.8
8.0
8.8
4.8
4.1

72.5
8.5

12.0
4.7
4.4

80.2
8.8
12.3
5.3
5.4

8.9
6.7
6.7
6.6
5.8

9.3
7.1
9.1
6.5
6.3

10.2
7.4
9.3
7.3
7.4

2,608.3

2,634.7
181.8
73.6
114.5
73.6
55.4
53.4
233.1
89.1
60.0
66.3

2,602.2
175.7
72.3
114.1
73.8
55.1
52.8
231.8
750.6
89.4
58.9
66.3

106.1
7.4
3.7
4.6
2.6
2.4
1.9
5.8
23.0
3.3
2.7
3.9

127.0
11.2
3.3
4.9
6.1
3.0
2.7
6.7
31.9
5.0
2.9
3.2

128.2
8.1
3.3
4.9
4.4
2.4
2.7
6.8
28.9
5.2
2.6
4.3

4.1
4.2
5.0
4.0
3.5
4.5
3.6
2.5
3.0
3.7
4.7
6.0

4.8
6.2
4.5
4.3
8.2
5.4
5.0
2.9
4.2
5.7
4.8
4.9

4.9
4.6
4.6
4.3
5.9
4.3
5.2
2.9
3.8
5.8
4.3
6.5

240.3
31.2

238.5
31.7

13.9
2.0

13.6
2.1

13.3
2.0

5.7
6.3

5.7
6.7

5.6
6.3

Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper

96.7
54.0
79.5
117.6
169.7

47.9
51.4
43.9
608.9
47.7
57.3
74.4

74.1
53.5
75.7
624.2
465.9
126.7

176.1
72.6
113.8
73.8
53.1
53.2
231.7
756.3
89.4
58.2
65.6

243.9
32.2

756.9

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1990 have been
benchmarked to 1990 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the

160




8.8
98.2

7.9
6.4
6.1
6.2
36.7
2.5
2.8
2.5

46.9
3.0

113.5
7.4
5.2

6.9
7.1
30.2
3.2

4.1
2.5
42.3
3.3
4.5
5.2
2.1

3.9
4.1
36.3
24.2
5.9

3.9
2.5
38.0

25.9

11 States and 2 areas designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1991 are
provisional and will be revised when new benchmark information becomes
available. Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this
publication.




Annual Averages

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population, 1929 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent
of
population

Total

Agriculture

Unemployed
Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Persons 14 years of age and over

1929
1930

47,630

10,450

37,180

1,550

3.2

01
()
O
(1)
(1)
01
()
(1)
(1)
O

45,480
42,400
38,940
38,760
40,890
42,260
44,410
46,300
44,220
45,750

10,340
10,290
10,170
10,090
9,900
10,110
10,000
9,820
9,690
9,610

35,140
32,110
28,770
28,670
30,990
32,150
34,410
36,480
34,530
36,140

4,340
8,020
12,060
12,830
11,340
10,610
9,030
7,700
10,390
9,480

8.7
15.9
23.6
24.9
21.7
20.1
16.9
14.3
19.0
17.2

O
0

47,520
50,350
53,750
54,470
53.960
52,820
55,250
57,812

9,540
9,100
9,250
9,080
8,950
8,580
8,320
8,256

37,980
41,250
44,500
45,390
45,010
44,240
46,930
49,557

8,120
5,560
2,660
1,070
670
1,040
2,270
2,356

14.6
9.9
4.7
1.9
1.2
1.9
3.9
3.9

44,200
43,990
42,230
39,100
38,590
40,230
45,550
45,850

49,180

1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939

01
()
(1)
O
(1)
0

49,820
50,420
51,000
51,590
52,230
52,870
53,440
54,000
54,610
55,230

1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947

99,840
99,900
98,640
94,640
93,220
94,090
103,070
106,018

55,640
55,910
56,410
55,540
54,630
53,860
57,520
60,168

55.7
56.0
57.2
58.7
58.6
57.2
55.8
56.8

1947
1948
1949

101,827
103,068
103,994

59,350
60,621
61,286

58.3
58.8
58.9

57,038
58,343
57,651

7,890
7,629
7,658

49,148
50,714
49,993

2,311
2,276
3,637

3.9
3.8
5.9

42,477
42,447
42,708

1950
1951
1952
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959

104,995
104,621
105,231
107,056
108,321
109,683
110,954
112,265
113,727
115,329

62,208
62,017
62,138
63,015
63,643
65,023
66,552
66,929
67,639
68,369

59.2
59.2
59.0
58.9
58.8
59.3
60.0
59.6
59.5
59.3

58,918
59,961
60,250
61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

7,160
6,726
6,500
6,260
6,205
6,450
6,283
5,947
5,586
5,565

51,758
53,235
53,749
54,919
53,904
55,722
57,514
58,123
57,450
59,065

3,288
2,055
1,883
1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

5.3
3.3
3.0
2.9
5.5
4.4
4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5

42,787
42,604
43,093
44,041
44,678
44,660
44,402
45,336
46,088
46,960

I9602 ....
1961
19622 ....
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602

1970
1971
19722 ....
19732 ....
1974
1975
1976
1977

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900

1984
1985
19862 ....
1987
1988
1989

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613
186,393

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9
66.5

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169
3,199

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434
109,232
111,800
114,142

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3

60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
62,888
62,944
62,523

1990
1991

188,049
189,765

124,787
125,303

66.4
66.0

117,914
116,877

3,186
3,233

114,728
113,644

6,874
8,426

5.5
6.7

63,262
64,462

1931
()

Persons 16 years of age and over

19532 ....

19782 ....

1979
1980
1981
1982
1983

Not available.
Not strictly comparable with data for prior years. For an explanation, see

162




"Historical Comparability'' under the Household Data section of the Explanatory
Notes.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1959 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent
of
population

Total

Agriculture

Unemployed
Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Men
54,793

45,886

83.7

43,466

4,532

38,934

2,420

I960
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

55,662
56,286
56,831
57,921
58,847
59,782
60,262
60,905
61,847
62,898

46,388
46,653
46,600
47,129
47,679
48,255
48,471
48,987
49,533
50,221

83.3
82.9
82.0
81.4
81.0
80.7
80.4
80.4
80.1
79.8

43,904
43,656
44,177
44,657
45,474
46,340
46,919
47,479
48,114
48,818

4,472
4,298
4,069
3,809
3,691
3,547
3,243
3,164
3,157
2,963

39,431
39,359
40,108
40,849
41,782
42,792
43,675
44,315
44,957
45,855

2,486
2,997
2,423
2,472
2,205
1,914
1,551
1,508
1,419
1,403

5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8

9,274
9,633
10,231
10,792
11,169
11,527
11,792
11,919
12,315
12,677

1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979

64,304
65,942
67,835
69,292
70,808
72,291
73,759
75,193
76,576
78,020

51,228
52,180
53,555
54,624
55,739
56,299
57,174
58,396
59,620
60,726

79.7
79.1
78.9
78.8
78.7
77.9
77.5
77.7
77.9
77.8

48,990
49,390
50,896
52,349
53,024
51,857
53,138
54,728
56,479
57,607

2,862
2,795
2,849
2,847
2,919
2,824
2,744
2,671
2,718
2,686

46,128
46,595
48,047
49,502
50,105
49,032
50,394
52,057
53,761
54,921

2,238
2,789
2,659
2,275
2,714
4,442
4,036
3,667
3,142
3,120

4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1

13,076
13,762
14,280
14,667
15,069
15,993
16,585
16,797
16,956
17,293

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

79,398
80,511
81,523
82,531
83,605
84,469
85,798
86,899
87,857
88,762

61,453
61,974
62,450
63,047
63,835
64,411
65,422
66,207
66,927
67,840

77.4
77.0
76.6
76.4
76.4
76.3
76.3
76.2
76.2
76.4

57,186
57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892
62,107
63,273
64,315

2,709
2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511
2,543
2,493
2,513

54,477
54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381
59,564
60,780
61,802

4,267
4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530
4,101
3,655
3,525

6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9
6.2
5.5
5.2

17,945
18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376
20,692
20,930
20,923

1990
1991

89,650
90,552

68,234
68,411

76.1
75.5

64,435
63,593

2,507
2,552

61,928
61,041

3,799
4,817

5.6
7.0

21,417
22,141

1959
1

8,907

Women
60,534

22,483

37.1

21,164

1,033

20,131

1,320

5.9

38,053

I960 .
.
1961 ..
.
19621 .
.
1963 ..
.
1964 ..
.
1965 ..
.
1966 ..
.
1967 ..
.
1968 ..
.
1969 ..
.

61,582
62,484
63,321
64,494
65,637
66,731
67,795
68,968
70,179
71,436

23,240
23,806
24,014
24,704
25,412
26,200
27,299
28,360
29,204
30,513

37.7
38.1
37.9
38.3
38.7
39.3
40.3
41.1
41.6
42.7

21,874
22,090
22,525
23,105
23,831
24,748
25,976
26,893
27,807
29,084

986
902
875
878
832
814
736
680
660
643

20,887
21,187
21,651
22,227
23,000
23,934
25,240
26,212
27,147
28,441

1,366
1,717
1,488
1,598
1,581
1,452
1,324
1,468
1,397
1,429

5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7

38,343
38,679
39,308
39,791
40,225
40,531
40,496
40,608
40,976
40,924

1970 ..
.
1971 ..
.
19721 .
.
19731 .
.
1974 ..
.
1975 ..
.
1976 ..
.
1977 ..
.
19781 .
.
1979 ..
.

72,782
74,274
76,290
77,804
79,312
80,860
82,390
83,840
85,334
86,843

31,543
32,202
33,479
34,804
36,211
37,475
38,983
40,613
42,631
44,235

43.3
43.4
43.9
44.7
45.7
46.3
47.3
48.4
50.0
50.9

29,688
29,976
31,257
32,715
33,769
33,989
35,615
37,289
39,569
41,217

601
599
635
622
596
584
588
612
669
661

29,087
29,377
30,622
32,093
33,173
33,404
35,027
36,677
38,900
40,556

1,855
2,227
2,222
2,089
2,441
3,486
3,369
3,324
3,061
3,018

5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

41,239
42,072
42,811
43,000
43,101
43,386
43,406
43,227
42,703
42,608

1980 ..
.
1981 ..
.
1982 ..
.
1983 ..
.
1984 ..
.
1985 ..
.
19861 .
.
1987 ..
.
1988 ..
.
1989 ..
.

88,348
89,618
90,748
91,684
92,778
93,736
94,789
95,853
96,756
97,630

45,487
46,696
47,755
48,503
49,709
51,050
52,413
53,658
54,742
56,030

51.5
52.1
52.6
52.9
53.6
54.5
55.3
56.0
56.6
57.4

42,117
43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706
50,334
51,696
53,027

656
667
665
680
653
644
652
666
676
687

41,461
42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054
49,668
51,020
52,341

3,370
3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707
3,324
3,046
3,003

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.6
5.4

42,861
42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376
42,195
42,014
41,601

1990 ..
.
1991 ..
.

98,399
99,214

56,554
56,893

57.5
57.3

53,479
53,284

679
682

52,800
52,602

3,075
3,609

5.4
6.3

41,845
42,321

1959 ..
.
1

1
Not strictly comparable with data for prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory




163

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

189,765
13,376
6,604
6,771
17,857
107,166
42,395
20,265
22,130
38,687
20,372
18,315
26,085
14,301
11,784
21,162
10,542
10,621
30,204
10,088
8,152
11,965

125,303
6,918
2,685
4,232

90,552
6,746
3,384
3,362
8,712
52,480
20,859

68,411
3,588

13,710
89,424
35,330
16,871
18,460

32,975
17,295
15,680
21,118

11,957
9,161
11,752
7,043

4,709
3,500
2,082
892

526

66.0
51.7
40.7
62.5
76.8
83.4
83.3
83.2
83.4
85.2
84.9
85.6
81.0
83.6
77.7
55.5
66.8
44.3
11.6
20.6
10.9
4.4

116,877
5,628
2,125
3,503
12,233
84,363

8,426
1,290
560
729

1,477
5,060

32,914
15,626

2,416

17,288
31,286
16,331
14,955
20,164
11,416
8,748
11,268
6,740
4,528
3,384
2,007
864
513

1,172

75.5
53.2
41.2
65.3
83.4
93.1
93.7
93.4
94.0
94.2
94.4
93.9
90.5
92.2
88.4
66.9
79.0
54.8
15.8
25.1
14.7
7.1

63,593
2,879
1,092
1,787
6,421
45,981
18,188
8,586
9,602
16,883
8,900
7,983

4,817

6,117
4,792
6,389
3,773
2,616
1,923
1,103
510
310

309
243

57.3
50.2
40.1
59.8
70.4
74.2
73.3
73.5
73.1
76.6
75.7
77.7
72.0
75.4
67.8
45.3
55.7
35.1
8.6
17.0
8.0
2.8

53,284
2,749
1.033
1,716
5,812
38,383
14,726
7,040
7,686
14,402
7,431

3,609
581

6,972
9,255
5,299
3,955

315
402
233

4,879

173

2,967

103

1,912
1,461

69
50
33

1,245
1,690
964
726
954
541
413
483
303
180
116
75
29
13

6.7
18.6
20.9
17.2
10.8
5.7
6.8
7.4
6.3
5.1
5.6
4.6
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.1
4.3
3.8
3.3
3.6
3.2
2.4

64,462
6,458
3,919
2,539
4,147
17,742
7,065
3,395
3,670
5,711
3,077
2,635
4,967
2,343
2,623
9,410
3,498
5,912
26,704
8,006
7,259
11,439

26,249
503

7.0
19.8
21.6
18.6
11.7
5.9
7.0
7.5
6.5
5.4
5.9
4.9
4.8
4.8
4.8
4.6
5.0
4.1
3.3
3.7
3.3
2.3

22,141
3,158

6.3
17.4
20.1
15.8
9.8
5.4
6.7
7.2
6.2
4.8
5.1
4.3
4.2
4.2
4.1
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.3
3.5
3.1
2.6

1,513
11,582
4,749
2,211
2,538
3,810
2,095
1,716
3,023
1,466
1,557
4,182
1,795
2,388
8,468
2,640
2,314
3,515

7,694
4,802
3,115
1,687
1.744
1,112
739
458
281
288
178
111
85
55
30
21
15
6
14
5
4
6

3,766
37
13
24
88
1,609
358
132
226
570
267
303
680
307
373
824
431
394
1,208
287
250
671

26,753
1,116
638
478
803
3,439
1,219
593
626
1,042
537
505
1,178
514
664
4,382
1,258
3,125
17,013
5,074
4,691
7,248

663
3,309
1,055
2,254
10,616
3,425
3,050
4,140

615
46
21
25
48
274
107
53
53
89
42
47
78
34
45
76
34
42
172
41
52
79

3,837
2,493
1,623
869
893
440
325
216
109
91
55
36
23
14
8
7
6
1
4
2
1
1

2,087
26
9
17
58
1,055
249
90
159
374
176
198
433
208
225
476
257
220
471
148
113
210

15,602
593
338
256
444
1,848
630
298
332
550
283
267
668
283
385
2,749
758
1,992
9,968
3,234
2,884
3,850

42,321
3,300
1,928
1,372
2,705
14,126
5,754
2,738
3,017
4,608
2,521
2,087
3,764
1,803
1,961
6,102
2,443
3,658
16,088
4,581
4,200
7,299

25,634
457
132
326
1,465
11,308
4,642
2,158
2,484
3,722
2,053
1,669
2,945
1,433
1,512
4,107
1,760
2,346
8,297
2.599
2,262
3,436

3,857
2,309
1,492
818
851
673
414
242
172
197
122
75
62
41
22
14
9
5
10
3
2
5

1,679
11
4
7
30
553
109
43
67
197
91
106
247
99
148
348
174
174
737
139
137
461

11,151
523
300
223
359
1,592
589
296
294
493
254
238
510
231
279
1,633
500
1,133
7,044
1,840
1,807
3,397

153

351

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years

18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

9,940
10,918
18,958
10,017
8,941
12,663
6,965
5,698
10,008
5,027
4,981

12,605
4,570
3,578
4,457

1,393
2,195
7,270
48,863
19,548
9,283
10,265
17,854
9,461
8,393

11,461
6,425
5,035
6,699
3,972
2,727
1,990

1,145
527
317

10,909

709
301
408
849
2,883

1,360
697
663
971
561
410
552

310
200
111

66
42
17
7

1,991
1,167

1,442
3,616
1,310

657
653
1,103
556
547
1,203
540

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

164




99,214
6,630
3,220
3,410
9,145
54,686
21,536
10,325
11,211

19,729
10,354
9,374
13,421
7,335
6,086
11,154
5,514
5,640

17,599
5,517
4,574
7,508

56,893
3,330
1,292
2,037
6,440
40,560
15,782
7,587
8,195
15,121
7,834
7,287
9,657
5,532
4,125
5,052
3,071
1,981
1,511

937
365
209

904
354
203

259
322
628

2,177
1,057
548

509
718
403

170

11
5

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

161,511
10,694
5,252
5,443
14,663
90,723
35,418
16,847
18,571
32,932
17,225
15,707
22,372
12,277
10,095
18,384
9,090
9,294
27,047
8,947
7,313
10,787

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Percent
of
population

Employed

107,486
5,966
2,352
3,614
11,575
76,477
29,896
14,243
15,653
28,293
14,735
13,558
18,288
10,333
7,956
10,314
6,169
4,145
3,154
1,866
809
478

66.6
55.8
44.8
66.4
78.9
84.3
84.4
84.5
84.3
85.9
85.5
86.3
81.7
84.2
78.8
56.1
67.9
44.6
11.7
20.9
11.1
4.4

101.039
4,989
1,910
3,078
10,512
72,584
28,098
13,325
14,773
26,964
13,995
12,969
17,521
9,904
7,617
9,899
5,909
3,989
3,056
1,804
785
467

6,447
977
442
535
1,063
3,894
1,798
918
881
1,329
739
589
767
429
338
416
260
156
98
62
24
11

6.0
16.4
18.8
14.8
9.2
5.1
6.0
6.4
5.6
4.7
5.0
4.3
4.2
4.1
4.3
4.0
4.2
3.8
3.1
3.3
3.0
2.4

54,025
4,729
2,900
1,829
3,088
14,245
5,522
2,604
2,918
4,639
2,491
2,149
4,084
1,944
2,140
8,069
2,921
5,149
23,893
7,080
6,504
10,309

22,420
359
113
246
1,145
9,623
3,859
1,760
2,099
3,204
1,762
1,442
2,560
1,255
1,305
3,627
1,539
2,089
7,666
2,359
2,095
3,213

5,674
3,523
2,296
1,227
1,322
801
529
330
199
206
120
86
65
41
24
18
13
4
11
4
3
4

2,835
28
8
20
63
1,190
257
96
161
428
200
228
505
236
269
610
310
300
943
221
195
527

23,096
818
482
336
559
2,631
877
419
458
801
409
392
953
412
542
3,814
1,059
2,755
15,274
4,497
4,211
6,566

77,689
5,404
2,691
2,714
7,205
44,988
17,655
8,366
9,289
16,359
8,587
7,772
10,974
6,040
4,934
8,769
4,374
4,395
11,322
4,086
3,214
4,022

59,332
3,094
1,219
1,875
6,148
42,335
16,754
7,911
8,843
15,547
8,187
7,359
10,035
5,621
4,413
5,940
3,518
2,422
1,815
1,047
478
290

76.4
57.2
45.3
69.1
85.3
94.1
94.9
94.6
95.2
95.0
95.3
94.7
91.4
93.1
89.4
67.7
80.4
55.1
16.0
25.6
14.9
7.2

55,557
2,552
982
1,570
5,522
40,057
15,695
7,367
8,328
14,769
7,744
7,025
9,593
5,379
4,214
5,667
3,344
2,323
1,758
1,011
464
284

3,775
542
237
305
626
2,278
1,059
544
515
777
444
334
442
242
199
272
174
98
57
36
14
7

6.4
17.5
19.4
16.3
10.2
5.4
6.3
6.9
5.8
5.0
5.4
4.5
4.4
4.3
4.5
4.6
4.9
4.1
3.1
3.5
2.9
2.3

18,358
2,311
1,472
839
1,057
2,653
901
456
446
812
400
413
939
418
521
2,830
857
1,973
9,507
3,039
2,737
3,731

420
26
13
12
22
176
63
30
34
59
27
32
54
23
31
55
25
30
141
34
41

2,836
1,833
1,200
633
689
305
231
160
71
58
32
26
15
8
7
7
6
1
3
1
1
1

1,591
20
5
15
41
790
175
62
113
284
131
152
332
162
170
362
189
173
377
118
92
167

13,512
432
254
178
305
1,382
432
204
228
412
209
203
539
225
314
2,405
636
1,770
8,986
2,886
2,603
3,498

83,822
5,290
2,561
2,729
7,458
45,735
17,763
8,481
9,282
16,574
8,638
7,935
11,398
6,237
5,161
9,615
4,716
4,899
15,725
4,861
4,099
6,765

48,154
2,872
1,133
1,739
5,427
34,142
13,142
6,332
6,810
12,747
6,547
6,199
8,253
4,711
3,542
4,375
2,652
1,723
1,339
819
331
188

57.4
54.3
44.2
63.7
72.8
74.7
74.0
74.7
73.4
76.9
75.8
78.1
72.4
75.5
68.6
45.5
56.2
35.2
8.5
16.9
8.1
2.8

45,482
2,436
928
1,508
4,990
32,526
12,403
5,958
6,444
12,195
6,252
5,944
7,928
4,525
3,403
4,231
2,565
1,666
1,298
793
321
183

2,672
436
205
231
436
1,616
740
374
366
551
296
256
325
186
139
143
86
57
41
26
10
5

5.5
15.2
18.1
13.3
8.0
4.7
5.6
5.9
5.4
4.3
4.5
4.1
3.9
4.0
3.9
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.1
3.2
3.1
2.6

35,667
2,418
1,428
990
2,031
11,593
4,621
2,148
2,472
3,827
2,091
1,736
3,145
1,526
1,619
5,240
2,064
3,176
14,386
4,041
3,767
6,577

22,001
334
100
233
1,122
9,447
3,795
1,730
2,065
3,146
1,735
1,411
2,506
1,232
1,274
3,572
1,513
2,059
7,525
2,325
2,054
3,147

2,839
1,691
1,096
594
633
496
298
170
128
148
88
60
50
33
17
11
7
3
8
3
2
3

1,244
8
3
5
23
400
82
33
49
144
69
75
174
74
100
248
120
127
565
103
102
360

9,584
386
228
157
254
1,249
445
215
230
389
199
190
415
187
228
1,409
423
986
6,287
1,611
1,609
3,068

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over




165

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1991

N t in labor force
o

Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

21,615
2,100
1,044
1,057
2,466
12,341
5,342
2,635
2,707
4,283
2,354
1,929
2,715
1,453
1,262
2,146
1,119
1,027
2,563
899
678
987

13,542
744
256
489
1,673
9,763
4,199
2,041
2,158
3,507
1,933
1,574
2,057
1,168
889
1,087
660
427
275
172
65
38

62.6
35.4
24.5
46.2
67.8
79.1
78.6
77.5
79.7
81.9
82.1
81.6
75.8
80.4
70.4
50.7
58.9
41.6
10.7
19.1
95
.
39
.

11,863
474
155
319
1,311
8,779
3,667
1,759
1,908
3,206
1,741
1,465
1,906
1,077
829
1,039
628
410
261
163
61
37

1,679
270
101
169
362
985
533
282
250
301
191
109
151
91
60
48
31
17
14
9
4
1

12.4
36.3
39.5
34.6
21.6
10.1
12.7
13.8
11.6
86
.
99
.
70
.
74
.
78
.
68
.
44
.
47
.
40
.
52
.
53
.
65
.
26
.

8,074
1,356
788
568
793
2,577
1,143
594
549
776
421
355
658
285
373
1,059
459
599
2,289
727
614
948

2,889
128
32
96
310
1,390
657
349
308
406
220
186
326
139
188
411
185
225
650
220
175
256

1,422
974
625
349
264
179
119
69
50
50
37
13
10
8
3
2
1
1
3
1
2

830
7
4
3
22
364
86
33
54
128
60
68
150
60
90
194
110
84
243
60
5
1
132

2,933
247
127
120
198
644
281
144
137
192
104
88
171
79
93
452
163
289
1,392
446
388
558

9,717
1,042
528
513
1,134
5,539
2,416
1,191
1.225
1,916
1,055
862
1,207
653
553
964
504
460
1,038
381
298
359

6,754
390
135
255
870
4,794
2,110
1,045
1,065
1,680
932
749
1,003
562
442
565
335
230
135
75
38
23

69.5
37.4
25.5
49.6
76.7
86.5
87.3
87.7
87.0
87.7
88.3
86.9
83.2
85.9
79.9
58.6
66.4
50.0
13.0
19.6
12.8
63
.

5,880
247
82
165
675
4,293
1,858
917
940
1,519
831
687
917
510
407
537
315
221
127
70
35
22

874
142
53
90
195
500
252
127
125
162
100
61
86
52
34
28
20
9
8
4
3
1

12.9
36.5
39.0
35.2
22.4
10.4
12.0
12.2
11.7
96
.
10.8
82
.
86
.
92
.
78
.
50
.
59
.
37
.
60
.
58
.
85
.
(1)

2,963
652
393
259
264
745
306
147
159
236
123
113
203
92
11
1
399
169
230
903
307
259
337

162
18
7
1
1
22
81
38
21
17
25
1
1
14
18
8
10
15
7
8
26
6
9
1
1

671
497
315
11
8
113
59
41
24
17
16
10
5
3
3
_
_
1
1
_

441
5
3
1
16
231
64
24
39
82
40
42
85
37
48
105
62
43
85
28
19
39

1,689
132
68
65
113
374
163
77
85
114
61
52
97
44
53
279
11
0
179
791
272
232
287

11,898
1,058
515
543
1,331
6,802
2,927
1,444
1,483
2,367
1,299
1,067
1,509
800
709
1,181
615
567
1,525
517
381
627

6,788
354
121
234
802
4.970
2,089
997
1,092
1,827
1.001
826
1,054
607
447
522
324
197
140
97
27
16

57.0
33.5
23.4
43.0
60.3
73.1
71.4
69.0
73.7
77.2
77.1
77.3
69.9
75.9
63.1
44.2
52.8
34.8
91
.
18.8
70
.
25
.

5,983
227
72
154
636
4,485
1,809
841
967
1,688
910
111
989
568
421
502
313
189
133
93
26
15

805
128
48
79
166
484
280
155
125
139
9
1
48
65
39
26
20
1
1
9
6
5
1
_

11.9
36.1
40.1
34.0
20.7
97
.
13.4
15.6
11.4
76
.
91
.
58
.
62
.
65
.
57
.
38
.
35
.
43
.
44
.
49
.
(1)
1
()

5,110
704
395
309
529
1,832
837
447
390
540
298
242
455
193
262
659
290
369
1,386
420
354
612

2,726
110
26
84
287
1,309
619
328
291
381
209
172
309
131
178
395
179
217
625
214
166
245

752
477
309
168
151
120
78
45
33
35
27
8
7
5
3
2
1
1

389
3
1
2
6
133
22
8
14
46
19
26
65
23
42
89
48
41
159
33
32
94

1.243
114
59
55
85
271
118
67
52
78
42
36
74
35
39
173
63
110
601
174
156
271

Unemployed
Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

Data not shown where base is less than 35,000.

166



2
_
2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
4. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Civilian labor force
Age and sex

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

28,254
2,681
1,353
1,329
3,194
16,443
6,977
3,418
3,558
5,754
3,146
2,608
3,713
2,024
1,689
2,778
1,452
1,327
3,157
1,141
839
1,178

17,817
952
333
619
2,135
12,946
5,434
2,628
2,807
4,682
2,560
2,122
2,830
1,625
1,205
1,437
874
563
347
216
83
48

63.1
35.5
24.6
46.6
66.8
78.7
77.9
76.9
78.9
81.4
81.4
81.4
76.2
80.3
71.4
51.7
60.2
42.5
11.0
18.9
99
.
40
.

15,838
639
215
425
1,720
11,780
4,816
2,301
2,515
4,321
2,335
1,986
2,642
1,512
1,130
1,370
831
539
329
203
79
46

233
12
7
6
21
151
61
28
33
51
28
24
39
24
15
29
14
14
20
12
3
5

12.862
1,341
693
648
1,507
7,492
3,204
1,574
1,630
2,599
1,430
1,169
1,689
926
764
1,239
653
586
1,283
484
364
436

9,079
494
174
320
1,121
6,528
2,795
1,373
1,422
2,308
1,274
1,034
1,426
804
622
760
455
305
175
98
50
27

70.6
36.9
25.1
49.4
74.4
87.1
87.2
87.2
87.3
88.8
89.1
88.5
84.4
86.8
81.4
61.3
69.6
52.1
13.6
20.3
13.7
62
.

8,036
327
110
217
899
5,923
2,493
1,220
1.274
2,114
1,156
958
1,316
737
578
722
429
293
165
93
46
26

15,392
1,340
659
681
1,687
8,952
3,773
1,844
1,929
3,155
1,716
1,439
2,023
1,098
925
1,539
799
741
1,874
657
475
742

8,738
458
159
298
1,013
6,418
2,640
1,255
1,385
2,374
1,287
1,088
1,404
821
583
677
419
258
172
118
34
21

56.8
34.2
24.2
43.8
60.1
71.7
70.0
68.1
71.8
75.3
75.0
75.6
69.4
74.7
63.0
44.0
52.5
34.9
92
.
17.9
71
.
28
.

7,802
312
105
207
821
5,857
2,323
1,082
1,242
2,207
1,179
1,028
1,327
774
552
648
402
246
163
111
32
20

Employed
Percent
of
population

Total

Unemployed

Not in
labor
force

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

15,605
627
208
419
1,700
11,629
4,756
2,273
2,482
4,270
2,308
1,962
2,603
1,488
1,116
1,341
816
525
309
191
76
42

1,979
313
119
194
414
1,167
618
327
291
361
225
136
188
113
75
67
43
24
18
12
5
1

11.1
32.8
35.6
31.3
19.4
9.0
11.4
12.4
10.4
7.7
8.8
6.4
6.6
6.9
6.2
4.7
4.9
4.3
5.2
5.8
5.6
2.4

10,437
1,729
1,019
710
1,059
3,497
1,542
791
752
1,072
586
486
883
399
484
1,341
578
763
2,811
925
755
1,130

196
11
6
5
18
123
50
25
26
42
23
19
31
17
13
25
12
13
19
12
3
4

7,840
316
104
212
882
5,800
2,443
1,195
1,248
2,072
1,133
939
1,285
720
565
697
417
280
146
81
44
22

1,043
167
64
103
222
605
301
153
148
194
118
76
110
67
44
38
26
12
10
6
3
1

11.5
33.8
36.9
32.2
19.8
9.3
10.8
11.2
10.4
8.4
9.2
7.4
7.7
8.3
7.0
5.0
5.7
4.0
5.5
5.8
6.9

3,784
847
520
328
385
963
409
201
208
291
156
135
263
122
142
479
198
281
1,108
386
314
409

37
1
1

7,765
311
104
207
818
5,829
2,313
1,078
1,234
2,198
1.175
1,023
1,318
767
551
644
400
245
162
110
32
20

936
145
54
91
192
561
317
174
143
167
107
60
77
46
31
29
17
12
9
7
1
1

10.7
31.8
34.1
30.5
18.9
8.7
12.0
13.8
10.3
7.0
8.3
5.5
5.5
5.6
5.3
4.3
4.1
4.7
5.0
5.8

6,654
882
500
383
674
2,534

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

3
28
10
3
7
9
5
5
8
7
1
4
2
2
1
1

1,133
589
544
781
430
351
619
277
342
862
379
482
1,702
539
442
721

Data not shown where base is less than 35,000.




167

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
5. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over

Total

Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

188,049
124,787
66.4
117,914
3,186
114,728
6,874
5.5
63,262

189,765
125,303
66.0
116,877
3,233
113,644
8,426
6.7
64,462

82,704
64,368
77.8
61,198
2,303
58,895
3,170
4.9
18,336

83,806
64,822
77.3
60,714
2,358
56,356
4,109
6.3
18,983

91,552
53,010
57.9
50,455
634
49,821
2,555
4.8
38,542

92,584
53,563
57.9
50,535
642
49,893
3,028
5.7
39,021

13,794
7,410
53.7
6,261
249
6,012
1,149
15.5
6,385

13,376
6,918
51.7
5,628
233
5,395
1,290
18.6
6,458

160,415
107,177
66.8
102,087
2,974
99,113
5,091
4.7
53,237

161,511
107,486
66.6
101,039
3,000
98,038
6,447
6.0
54,025

71,482
55,969
78.3
53,576
2,132
51,444
2,393
4.3
15,513

72,285
56,238
77.8
53,005
2,174
50,831
3,233
5.7
16,047

77,838
44,834
57.6
42,992
603
42,389
1,842
4.1
33,004

78,532
45,282
57.7
43,046
606
42,439
2,237
4.9
33,250

11,095
6,374
57.5
5,518
239
5,280
856
13.4
4,720

10,694
5,966
55.8
4,989
221
4,768
977
16.4
4,729

21,300
13,493
63.3
11,966
140
11,826
1,527
11.3
7,808

21,615
13,542
62.6
11,863
160
11,703
1,679
12.4
8,074

8,502
6,275
73.8
5,621
116
5,505
654
10.4
2,227

8,676
6,364
73.4
5,632
132
5,500
732
11.5
2,311

10,649
6,387
60.0
5,772
18
5,755
614
9.6
4,262

10,840
6,433
59.3
5,757
20
5,737
677
10.5
4,406

2,150
831
38.6
573
7
566
258
31.1
1,319

2,100
744
35.4
474
8
466
270
36.3
1,356

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

168




HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
6. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Unemployed

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

12,814
8,392
4,422

6,126
3,500
2,627

47.8
41.7
59.4

5,331
2,916
2,415

1,078
279
798

4,253
2,636
1,617

796
584
212

152
79
73

643
505
138

13.0
16.7
8.1

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

6,319
6,496
5,480
1,016

2,429
3,697
2,803
893

38.4
56.9
51.2
88.0

1,947
3,383
2,547
837

119
958
441
518

1,828
2,425
2,106
319

482
313
257
56

65
88
58
29

417
226
198
27

19.9
8.5
9.2
6.3

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

6,463
4,268
2,195

3,016
1,733
1,283

46.7
40.6
58.5

2,583
1,414
1,169

568
149
419

2,016
1,265
751

433
319
114

88
45
43

345
274
71

14.4
18.4
8.9

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,335
3,128
2,669
459

1,286
1,730
1,318
412

38.6
55.3
49.4
89.6

1,016
1,567
1,184
383

76
492
247
244

940
1,076
937
139

271
163
134
28

39
49
33
16

232
113
12

21.0
9.4
10.2
6.9

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

6,352
4,124
2,228

3,110
1,767
1,343

49.0
42.8
60.3

2,747
1,502
1,246

510
131
379

2,237
1,371
866

362
265
98

64
34
31

298
231
67

11.7
15.0
7.3

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

2,984
3,368
2,811
556

1,143
1,967
1,485
482

38.3
58.4
52.8
86.6

931
1,816
1,362
454

43
467
193
273

888
1,349
1,169
180

212
151
122
28

26
38
25
13

185
113
97
15

18.5
7.7
8.2
5.9

10,304
6,666
3,638

5,321
3,059
2,262

51.6
45.9
62.2

4,715
2,608
2,107

948
249
699

3,767
2,359
1,408

606
451
155

104
56
48

502
395
107

11.4
14.7
6.9

Men
Women

5,203
5,101

2,622
2,700

50.4
52.9

2,288
2,427

503
445

1,785
1,982

334
272

61
42

272
230

12.7
10.1

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

4,903
5,401
4,544
857

2,101
3,220
2,453
768

42.9
59.6
54.0
89.6

1,735
2,980
2,252
727

103
845
388
457

1,632
2,135
1,864
271

366
240
200
40

41
62
43
19

324
178
157
21

17.4
7.5
8.2
5.2

1,805
1,306
499

558
324
234

30.9
24.8
46.8

403
213
190

89
22
67

314
190
123

155
111
43

42
21
21

113
90
22

27.7
34.4
18.5

884
922

268
290

30.3
31.4

190
213

43
47

147
167

78
76

22
20

56
57

29.3
26.3

1,096
709
603
106

246
311
226
85

22.5
43.9
37.5
80.2

148
255
184
72

11
78
37
41

136
177
147
31

99
56
43
13

20
22
13
9

78
34
30
5

40.0
18.0
18.8
15.8

1,128
821
307

448
258
190

39.7
31.4
61.8

371
196
175

93
23
70

278
172
105

77
62
15

15
11
4

62
52
10

17.2
24.2
7.6

Men
Women

557
570

230
218

41.2
38.2

188
183

48
45

140
138

42
35

9
6

34
29

18.3
16.0

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

708
420
311
109

197
251
160
91

27.8
59.8
51.3
84.0

139
231
145
86

17
76
23
53

123
155
122
33

57
20
15
5

9
5
4
2

48
15
11
3

29.1
7.9
9.3
5.4

101

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

See footnotes at end of table.




169

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
6. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

1991
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Unemployed

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
18,419
4,984
13,435

14,501
3,418
11,083

78.7
68.6
82.5

12,530
2,712
9,818

9,985
1,590
8,395

2,545
1,123
1,422

1,971
706
1,265

1,686
542
1,144

285
164
121

13.6
20.6
11.4

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

5,214
8,359
3,334
1,512

3,156
6,957
2,964
1,424

60.5
83.2
88.9
94.2

2,426
6,072
2,706
1,327

1,629
4,957
2,194
1,205

797
1,115
511

731
885
258

592
787

138

23.1

12.7

92

98
43
6

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

8,996
2,478
6,518

7,842
1,855
5,986

87.2
74.9
91.9

6,717
1,466
5,252

5,632
936

4,696

1,085
530
556

1,124
390
735

1,011
318
693

113
72
41

14.3
21.0
12.3

2,709
4,118
1,526
643

2,033
3,784
1,410

1,583
3,291
1,278
566

2,851
1,090
526

418
440
188

451
493
133

392
463

614

75.1
91.9
92.4
95.5

39

48

109
46

59
29
23
2

22.2
13.0
9.4
7.9

9,423
2,506
6,917

6,660
1,563
5,097

70.7
62.4
73.7

5,813
1.247
4,566

4,353
654
3,699

1,460
593
867

847
316
531

675
224
451

172
92
80

12.7
20.2
10.4

2,505
4,242
1,807

1,123

843
2,781
1,428
761

464
2,107
1,105

379
675
323

810

44.8
74.8
86.0
93.3

280

3,173
1,554

678

83

49

200
323
106
45

80
68
20
4

24.9
12.3
8.1
6.1

15,053
4,028
11,025

12,220
2,906
9,313

81.2
72.1
84.5

10,786
2,380
8,405

8,646
1,410
7,236

2,140
971
1,169

1,434
526
908

1,222
401
821

212
125
87

11.7
18.1
9.7

Men
Women

7,407
7,647

6,620
5,599

89.4
73.2

5,786
4,999

4,898
3,748

888
1,252

834
600

748
474

126

12.6
10.7

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

4,151
6,726
2,833
1,343

2,670
5,733
2,541
1,276

64.3
85.2
89.7
95.0

2,121
5,122
2,349
1,193

1,441
4,220
1,901
1,083

679
902
448
110

549
611
192

441
544
160
77

108
67
32
5

20.6
10.7
7.5

2,761

20 to 24 years

1,859
420
1,439

67.3
52.9
73.2

1,382

794
1,967

261
1,121

1,048
141
907

334
120
214

477
159
318

412
125
288

65
34
31

25.7
37.8
22.1

Men
Women

1,292
1,468

992
867

76.7
59.1

733
649

568
480

165
169

259
218

236
176

23
42

26.1
25.1

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1,388
388

45.0
74.9
85.8
91.4

237
790

138
608

94

401
1,039
333
86

278
76

231
71

26
28
10
1

40.9
23.9
16.4
11.3

1,681
394
1,286

71.7
61.9
75.4

1,437
307

20 to 24 years

2,343
637
1,706

Men
Women

1,241
1,101

1,089
592

87.7
53.8

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1,289
800

828
635
177
41

64.2
79.4
85.8
87.2

Total, 16 to 24 years

16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1,165

122

392
126

215

8.7

6.9

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

82

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years

99

164

182
47

249
55

6

10

138
221
45
9

1,206
218

231
89
141

244
87
157

217
71
146

27
16
11

14.5
22.1
12.2

932
505

816
390

117
114

156
88

143
74

13
14

14.4
14.8

682
560

570
473
129
34

113
86

146

128

76
19
4

69
16
3

17
6
3

17.6
11.9

29
3

Hispanic origin

Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years

206
47

1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and

170



1,129

158
37

10.9

9.2

college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
7. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
1991
Unemployed

Employed
Part time

Full time
Sex, age, and race

Total

Full-time
schedules1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time

Total

Voluntary1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

6,932
621
140
481
6,311
1,217
5,094
4,625
469

1,494
669
420
249
825
260
566
435
130

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

96,575
1,869
277
1,592
94,706
9,194
85,512
74,643
10,869

94,382
1,765
261
1,504
92,616
8,888
83,728
73,103
10,625

2,193
104
16
88
2,089
306
1,784
1,540
244

20,302
3,759
1,848
1,911
16,543
3,039
13,504
9,720
3,784

16,449
3,258
1,699
1,559
13,192
2,340

10,851
7,487
3,364

3,853
501
149
352
3,352
699
2,653
2,233
420

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

56,936
1,085
55,852
5,115
50,737
43,947
6,789

55,578
1,022
54,556
4,918
49,637
42,995
6,642

1,358
62
1,296
197
1,100
952
147

6,657
1,795
4,862
1,306
3,556
2,033
1,523

4,991
1,538
3,453
972
2,481
1,129
1,352

1,666
257
1,409
334
1,075
904
171

4,211
363
3,848
736
3,112
2,795
317

607
346
261
113
148
88
60

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

39,638
785
38,854
4,079
34,775
30,696
4,079

38,804
743
38,061
3,970
34,091
30,108
3,983

835
41
793
109
684
588
96

13,645
1,964
11,681
1,733
9,948
7,687
2,261

11,458
1,720
9,738
1,368
8,370
6,358
2,013

2,187
244
1,943
365
1,578
1,329
249

2,721
258
2,463
481
1,982
1,830
152

888
323
565
147
418
347
71

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

49,851
968
48,883
4,433
44,450
38,409
6,040

48,685
913
47,772
4,263
43,508
37,595
5,913

1,166
55
1,111
169
941
814
127

5,706
1,584
4,122
1,089
3,033
1,648
1,385

4,381
1,368
3,013
832
2,181
939
1,243

1,325
216
1,109
257
852
709
142

3,296
270
3,025
539
2,487
2,209
278

479
271
208
88
120
69
51

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

33,325
691
32,634
3,502
29,132
25,615
3,517

32,650
655
31,995
3,416
28,579
25,143
3,436

674
35
639
86
554
472
81

12,157
1,746

10,411
1,488
8,923
6,911
2,012

10,355
1,537
8,818
1,186
7,633
5,820
1,813

1,802
209
1,593
303
1,290
1,091
199

1,971
186
1,785
330
1,455
1,331
124

701
250
452
106
346
285
60

20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,178
90
5,088
521
4,567
4,014
553

5,027
84
4,943
500
4,443
3,907
537

151
6
145
21
124
108
16

701
157
544
154
390
279
111

418
124
294
86
208
120
88

283
33
250
68
182
159
23

772
83
689
176
513
485
29

103
60
43
19
23
16
8

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4,892
73
4,819
453
4,365
3,931
434

4,761
68
4,693
432
4,260
3,838
422

131
5
126
21
105
93
12

1,091
153
938
183
755
554
201

774
126
648
127
521
359
161

317
27
290
56
234
195
40

649
63
586
133
453
435
18

155
65
91
34
57
49

White

Black
Men, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years

1

Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according




to whether they usually work full or part time.

171

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
8. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Civilian labor force

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Family relationship
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

Percent
of
Number
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going Unable
Other
to
to
reasons
school work

Total, 16 years and over1

99,850

66.4

93,142

6,708

6.7 50,433

21,311

6,929

2,623

19,570

Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force

39,941
26,470
1,192
12,280

77.5
91.6
91.2
57.7

38,264
25,477
1,039
11,748

1,677
993
153
532

4.2 11,577
3.7 2,443
12.8
115
4.3 9,019

214
97
3
114

171
87
6
78

986
393
26
567

10,205
1,866
79
8,261

Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force

30,219
26,516
1,146
2,558

58.7
69.3
68.3
22.1

28,913
25,477
993
2,443

1,307
1,039
153
115

4.3 21,298
3.9 11,748
13.4
532
4.5 9,019

16,233
10,167
454
5,613

364
295
21
49

453
169
16
268

4,248
1,117
41
3,090

Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

12,702
4,445
4,640
3,617

63.0
52.0
75.5
66.2

11,085
3,751
4,127
3,207

1,618
695
513
410

12.7
15.6
11.1
11.3

7,460
4,110
1,507
1,843

767
142
157
468

4,407
3,268
1,000
139

352
19
36
297

1,933
682
314
937

Women who maintain families

7,106

61.6

6,457

649

91
.

4,421

2,862

220

289

1,051

Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

5,726
1,325
1,584
2,817

59.4
45.9
71.7
62.0

4,719
952
1,304
2,463

1,007
373
280
354

17.6
28.2
17.7
12.6

3,916
1,562
624
1,730

837
130
158
549

1,462
1,118
259
85

356
15
24
317

1,262
300
183
779

Men who maintain families

2,314

77.1

2,113

200

8.7

685

51

39

94

501

Relatives in families maintained by men ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,841
292
479
1,070

63.1
54.7
76.8
60.9

1,592
226
419
947

249
66
60
123

13.5
22.7
12.5
11.5

1,075
242
145
688

347
20
37
290

266
178
67
21

93
1
5
87

369
44
36
289

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in
married-couple families where the husband or wife is in the Armed
Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women

172




who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status
estimates shown in other tables in this publication because of differences
in definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
9. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Women

Men
Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons

Unemployment
rates

Thousands of
persons

1990

1991

1990

1991

4,817
1,853
666
2,299

5.6
3.4
6.8
10.0

7.0
4.4
9.0
12.3

3,075
1,176
671
1,228

2,866
1,172
382
1,312

3,775
1,576
517
1,681

4.8
3.1
6.2
8.5

6.4
4.2
8.4
10.9

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

793
197
104
492

874
207
133
534

11.8
6.2
10.5
19.5

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,504
1,322
482
699

3,260
1,730
634
896

White, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,922
1,088
364
469

Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

482
177
101
203

1990

1991

3,609
1,402
780
1,427

5.4
3.8
5.9
8.6

6.3
4.5
6.8
10.0

2,225
984
471
770

2,672
1,186
574
912

4.6
3.6
5.2
6.8

5.5
4.3
6.2
8.1

12.9
6.5
12.7
21.1

734
135
178
421

805
159
179
466

10.8
5.6
9.1
17.3

11.9
6.7
9.4
18.7

4.4
3.3
6.8
7.5

5.7
4.2
8.8
9.4

2,000
1,012
614
374

2,400
1,214
712
474

4.3
3.5
5.6
5.7

5.1
4.1
6.4
7.0

2,607
1,471
491
645

3.9
3.0
6.1
6.2

5.2
4.0
8.2
8.3

1,469
850
428
191

1,801
1,027
521
253

3.7
3.3
4.9
3.9

4.5
4.0
5.9
5.0

537
194
128
215

8.9
5.8
10.4
14.7

9.8
6.3
12.5
15.4

451
113
166
172

510
137
165
208

8.1
5.0
8.8
12.1

9.1
6.1
8.9
13.8

1990

1991

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,799
1,429
503
1,866

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)




Unemployment
rates

173

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
10. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Total

Unemployment rates
Men

Total

Women

1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

8,426

5.5

6.7

5.6

7.0

5.4

6.3

662
348
314

886
494
393

2.1
2.3
1.9

2.8
3.2
2.4

2.0
2.1
1.8

2.7
3.0
2.4

2.3
2.5
2.1

2.9
3.5
2.4

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,605
115
702
788

1,941
132
838
971

4.2
2.9
4.7
4.'I

5.1
3.4
5.7
5.0

3.7
3.2
3.4
4.6

4.7
3.8
4.4
5.7

4.5
2.6
6.0
3.9

5.3
2.9
7.0
4.9

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,110
45
73

6.6
5.5
3.5
7.1

7.5
6.5
4.6
8.0

6.6
9.9
3.3
7.8

8.0
10.4
4.4

992

1,292
55
99
1,139

6.5
5.3
5.1
6.7

7.1
6.3
5.3
7.3

847
173
475
199

1,130
242
644
244

5.8
3.7
8.4
4.7

7.9
5.2

5.8
3.7
8.4
4.2

7.9
5.2
11.8
5.2

6.4
4.0
10.9
6.3

7.8
4.6
12.0

1,673
711
325
637
172
465

2,011
883
392
736
198
538

8.6
8.1
6.3

8.3
7.1
6.4

10.3
9.5
7.5

11.8

11.1
11.4
6.4
12.5

18.0

14.1
22.0

9.4
9.5
5.4
10.6

10.2

12.1

10.3

12.1

Farming, forestry, and fishing

226

286

6.0

7.6

7.3

8.1

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

721
481
127
112

841
553
155
133

1990
Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

Percent not shown where base is less than 35,000.

174




1991

6,874

11.8

5.9

10.2

10.5
10.3
7.4
13.8
22.1
12.1

6.2

7.6

11.6
18.1

9.3

O

8.0

O

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
11. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

I
Jnemployment rates
Men

Total

Total
1990

1991

1990

Women

1990

1991

6,874

8,426

55
.

67
.

56
.

70
.

54
.

63
.

5,306

6,536

57
.

70
.

58
.

75
.

55
.

65
.

36
705

59
929

48
.
11.1

77
.
15.4

48
.
11.4

86
.
15.9

50
.
75
.

34
.
10.1

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Funiture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries

1,267
751
58
39
36
44
92
118
120
168
111
57
28
48
515
138
43
108
31
11
47
48
24

1,544
937
69
60
51
63
107
151
139
199
119
80
36
62
607
160
50
116
35
99
58
61
28

58
.
58
.
76
.
56
.
56
.
49
.
70
.
46
.
56
.
64
.
90
.
40
.
39
.
86
.
58
.
71
.
59
.
93
.
41
.
42
.
35
.
62
.
64
.

72
.
75
.
98
.
91
.
83
.
74
.
84
.
60
.
67
.
79
.
10.0
60
.
45
.
11.9
68
.
86
.
69
.
10.3
45
.
54
.
42
.
68
.

51
.
54
.
74
.
52
.
52
.
47
.
63
.
43
.
46
.
62
.
86
.
41
.
28
.
84
.
45
.
57
.
50
.
86
.
37
.
38
.
24
.
52
.
46
.

65
.
71
.
99
.
95
.
82
.
72
.
81
.
55
.
61
.
74
.
96
.
55
.
35
.
10.8
54
.
68
.
56
.
95
.
41
.
44
.
39
.
58
.
58
.

72
.
69
.
87
.
65
.
68
.
59
.
93
.
57
.
70
.
70
.
10.7
36
.
54
.
89
.
75
.
96
.
69
.
96
.
55
.
47
.
57
.
81
.
97
.

86
.
84
.
89
.
80
.
86
.
86
.
96
.
76
.
76
.
97
.
11.5
80
.
58
.
13.2
88
.
12.1
82
.
10.6
58
.
67
.
47
.
11.1
92
.

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

249
195
54
1,507
201
1,306
218
1,326
488
837

349
262
88
1,800
252
1,548
286
1,568
564
1,004

38
.
51
.
20
.
64
.
45
.
68
.
30
.
50
.
32
.
72
.

53
.
68
.
32
.
76
.
56
.
80
.
40
.
57
.
36
.
85
.

41
.
54
.
19
.
59
.
42
.
64
.
28
.
54
.
30
.
72
.

55
.
70
.
30
.
72
.
52
.
79
.
38
.
64
.
38
.
84
.

32
.
43
.
22
.
69
.
51
.
71
.
30
.
47
.
33
.
73
.

46
.
60
.
34
.
80
.
65
.
82
.
40
.
53
.
36
.
87
.

181
665
721

220
828
841

97
.
23
.
_

11.6
28
.
_

94
.
23
.
_

11.6
29
.
_

10.8
23
.
_

11.8
28
.
_

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid famiy workers
No previous work experience




in

1991

1990

1991

175

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
12. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)

Reason for unemployment

Total
unemployed

Men,
20 years
and over
1990

Women,
20 years
and over

1991

1990

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

1991

1990

1990

1991

6,874
3,322
1,018
2,305
1,014
1,883
654

8,426
4,608
1,279
3,329
979
2,087
753

3,170
2,062
656
1,406
419
612
77

4,109
2,926
845
2,081
401
683
99

2,555
1,042
313
729
422
951
140

3,028
1,408
378
1,031
406
1,058
156

1,149
219
49
170
172
321
437

100.0
48.3
14.8
33.5
14.8
27.4
9.5

100.0
54.7
15.2
39.5
11.6
24.8
8.9

100.0
65.0
20.7
44.3
13.2
19.3
2.4

100.0
71.2
20.6
50.7
9.7
16.6
2.4

100.0
40.8
12.3
28.5
16.5
37.2
5.5

100.0
46.5
12.5
34.0
13.4
34.9
5.1

2.7
.8
1.5
.5

3.7
.8
1.7
.6

3.2
.7
1.0
.
1

4.5
.6
11
.
.2

2.0
.8
1.8
.3

2.6
.8
2.0
.3

1991

White

Black

1990

1991

1990

1991

1,290
273
56
217
172
346
499

5,091
2,534
845
1,689
787
1,346
423

6,447
3,614
1,083
2,531
795
1,528
510

1,527
678
145
533
187
461
201

1,679
853
166
687
152
470
203

100.0
19.0
4.2
14.8
15.0
27.9
38.1

100.0
21.2
4.3
16.8
13.3
26.9
38.7

100.0
49.8
16.6
33.2
15.5
26.4
8.3

100.0
56.1
16.8
39.3
12.3
23.7
7.9

100.0
44.4
9.5
34.9
12.2
30.2
13.2

100.0
50.8
9.9
40.9
9.1
28.0
12.1

2.9
2.3
4.3
5.9

3.9
2.5
5.0
7.2

2.4
.7
1.3
.4

3.4
.7
1.4
.5

5.0
1.4
3.4
1.5

6.3
1.1
3.5
1.5

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

176



HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
13. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
1991
Duration of unemployment

Total unemployed
Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over
Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

100.0

40.1

4,608
1,279
3,329
979
2,087
753

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

4,109

Thousands
of persons

Total, 16 years and over ...
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Percent

8,426

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

32.3

27.6

14.5

13.0

32.8
46.8
27.4
46.3
48.8
52.7

33.3
32.4
33.7
32.1
30.8
30.9

33.9
20.9
38.9
21.5
20.5
16.3

17.9
14.0
19.4
11.1
10.7
8.9

16.0
6.9
19.5
10.4
9.7
7.4

100.0

33.5

32.4

34.1

17.1

17.0

2,926
845
2,081
401
683
99

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

31.0
45.3
25.2
39.6
40.5
37.0

32.8
33.1
32.7
32.7
31.0
28.4

36.2
21.6
42.1
27.8
28.5
34.6

18.3
14.4
19.9
13.2
14.4
14.3

17.8
7.2
22.2
14.6
14.0
20.3

3,028

100.0

42.4

32.3

25.3

13.8

11.6

1,408
378
1,031
406
1,058
156

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

33.4
47.2
28.3
47.8
51.0
51.4

33.8
31.8
34.5
32.1
30.5
31.3

32.8
21.0
37.2
20.1
18.5
17.4

18.5
14.2
20.0
10.7
9.4
8.6

14.3
6.7
17.1
9.4
9.1
8.8

1,290

100.0

55.6

32.2

12.2

8.2

4.0

273
56
217
172
346
499

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

48.9
65.6
44.7
58.8
58.3
56.3

36.0
26.2
38.6
30.9
31.1
31.3

15.0
8.2
16.8
10.2
10.7
12.4

10.3
5.8
11.4
7.1
7.6
7.9

4.8
2.4
5.4
3.1
3.1
4.4

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

14. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Full-time workers

Total
Duration of unemployment

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

1990
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks




1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

6,874

8,426

100.0

100.0

5,541

6,932

100.0

100.0

3,169
2,201
1,613
589
1,504
809
695
311
384

3,380
2,724
1,926
797
2,323
1,225
1,098
563
535

46.1
32.0
23.5
8.6
21.9
11.8
10.1
4.5
5.6

40.1
32.3
22.9
9.5
27.6
14.5
13.0
6.7
6.4

2,338
1,840
1,329
512
1,363
727
636
284
352

2,527
2,280
1,578
702
2,126
1,106
1,019
526
494

42.2
33.2
24.0
9.2
24.6
13.1
11.5
5.1
6.4

36.4
32.9
22.8
10.1
30.7
16.0
14.7
7.6
7.1

12.1
5.4

13.8
6.9

13.2
6.2

14.9
8.0

177

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
15.

Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks
weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

1991

Unemployed
less than
5 weeks

Unemployed
15 weeks
and over

1990

Median
duration

1991

1990

1991

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,426
1,290
1,477
2,416
1,690
954
483
116

3,380
717
688
943
561
292
139
40

2,724
415
497
805
555
286
133
33

1,225
106
173
372
289
180
89
16

1,098
51
119
297
285
196
122
28

13.8
7.6
10.5
13.5
16.4
18.8
21.1
20.6

6.9
4.0
5.2
7.2
8.9
10.1
11.7
9.3

46.1
62.3
53.3
44.3
37.5
36.5
34.7
36.9

40.1
55.6
46.6
39.0
33.2
30.6
28.7
34.5

21.9
91
.
15.1
22.3
28.5
32.4
34.2
29.7

27.6
12.2
19.8
27.7
34.0
39.4
43.8
37.4

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,817
709
849
1,360
971
552
310
66

1,758
380
363
471
285
153
84
22

1,562
230
292
461
315
162
84
17

768
66
113
234
183
105
58
10

729
33
81
193
188
132
86
17

15.3
8.1
11.6
14.9
18.1
21.4
22.6
21.9

7.9
4.2
6.0
8.4
10.1
11.4
12.8
10.0

42.4
60.9
49.1
40.4
32.8
32.0
32.5
33.9

36.5
53.6
42.8
34.7
29.4
27.7
26.9
33.6

25.2
9.9
18.0
25.6
32.2
37.0
39.0
34.4

31.1
13.9
22.8
31.4
38.2
42.9
46.1
40.7

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,609
581
628
1,057
718
402
173
50

1,621
337
325
471
275
140
55
18

1,162
185
205
344
240
124
49
16

457
41
60
138
106
75
32
6

369
19
38
103
97
64
37
11

11.8
7.0
9.0
11.7
14.0
15.3
18.3
18.8

5.7
3.9
4.3
5.8
7.5
8.6
9.8
8.3

50.7
63.9
58.3
49.0
42.8
42.3
38.7
40.8

44.9
58.0
51.8
44.6
38.3
34.7
31.9
35.7

17.8
8.3
11.6
18.3
24.3
26.4
25.7
23.6

22.9
10.2
15.6
22.9
28.2
34.5
39.7
32.9

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

6,447
3,775
2,672

2,602
1,391
1,210

2,092
1,228
864

936
594
342

817
560
257

13.5
15.0
11.3

6.8
7.8
5.6

47.1
43.5
51.8

40.4
36.9
45.3

21.4
24.6
17.1

27.2
30.6
22.4

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,679
874
805

658
305
353

530
277
253

244
145
99

248
148
100

15.1
16.9
13.2

7.4
8.6
6.0

42.9
38.5
47.5

39.2
34.9
43.9

23.6
26.9
20.0

29.3
33.5
24.7

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,853
666
2,299

587
215
956

592
210
760

337
120
311

336
122
272

17.2
17.5
13.1

9.5
9.2
6.3

36.7
36.6
48.3

31.7
32.3
41.6

30.0
30.2
20.2

36.3
36.2
25.4

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,402
780
1,427

603
307
712

455
248
459

187
121
149

157
104
108

12.1
13.9
10.2

6.2
7.3
4.5

49.1
44.9
55.5

43.0
39.4
49.9

19.3
22.2
14.0

24.5
28.8
17.9

178



HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
16. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment

Occupation and industry

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks
weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks

Thousands of persons
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

1991

Unemployed Unemployed
15 weeks
less than
and over
5 weeks
1990

1991

1990

1991

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

886
1,941
1,292
1,130
2,011
286

286
766
587
401
749
128

289
637
404
371
654
97

157
293
158
191
310
36

154
245
143
167
298
25

16.3
13.5
12.3
14.8
15.2
11.9

9.2
7.1
5.6
8.3
7.7
5.7

38.8
46.6
50.5
41.2
43.5
47.8

32.3
39.5
45.4
35.5
37.2
44.8

27.6
21.6
19.1
24.8
24.3
18.6

35.1
27.7
23.3
31.7
30.2
21.3

220
946
1,553
942
611
393
1,808
2,144
191

99
344
534
311
223
136
778
846
64

76
320
499
300
199
129
590
690
63

29
158
267
172
95
62
239
318
33

16
124
253
159
94
67
200
291
32

11.3
13.8
16.0
16.6
15.2
16.3
12.4
14.1
15.6

5.7
7.8
8.7
9.1
8.0
8.6
6.2
7.0
8.9

48.6
43.1
39.3
38.2
40.9
40.1
49.3
46.5
43.2

45.0
36.4
34.4
33.0
36.5
34.6
43.0
39.5
33.5

16.6
22.2
27.5
29.1
25.2
26.2
19.7
22.3
24.3

20.5
29.8
33.5
35.1
30.9
32.8
24.3
28.4
34.0

841

447

259

74

62

99
.

4.2

56.4

53.2

13.2

16.2

INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration
No previous work experience
1

Includes wage and salary workers only.




179

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
17. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
1991
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race
Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,426

7,037
1,218

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years

4,817
709
849
1,360
971
552

1,290
1,477
2,416
1,690

954
483
116

1,286
1,975
1,348
745
371

95
3,878
665
714

1,054
738

Average
number of
methods
used

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

8.5
3.5
7.8
9.1
10.6
11.6
10.6
8.5

72.8
80.5
73.2
70.8
72.0
70.5
67.6
63.5

40.9
28.2
41.7
44.4
44.8
44.0
42.5
35.1

21.6
16.5
20.5
22.5
24.1
25.5
22.6
16.7

5.4
3.3
4.2
5.3
6.5
7.1
8.3
8.7

1.73
1.44
1.70
1.79
1.86
1.85
1.75
1.48

25.4
13.8
24.7
28.6
31.3
28.0
25.7
15.7

8.7
3.6
7.7
9.6
10.6
12.0
10.0

74.3
80.8
74.9
72.8
74.2
71.8
68.5
64.6

39.5
28.2
39.9
43.4
43.2
42.2
38.8
32.9

24.4
18.3
23.6
26.0
27.4
26.8
23.6
19.3

6.3
3.4
4.3
6.3
7.8
9.2
10.4
7.9

1.79
1.48
1.75
1.87
1.94
1.90
1.77
1.49

8.4
3.4

42.6
28.2
43.9
45.5
46.8
46.4
48.6

18.3
14.2
16.5
18.4
20.2
23.8
20.8

4.2
3.2
4.1
4.1
4.9
4.4
4.8

O

D

1.65
1.39
1.64
1.70
1.76
1.78
1.72

O

Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

23.4
12.2
22.9
26.9
28.1
26.0
23.6
15.0

310
66

419
233
55

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,609
581
628
1,057
718
402
173
50

3,159
553
572
920
610
327
138
40

20.9
10.2
20.6
24.9
24.3
23.5
20.1

8.6
10.7
11.1
11.6

71.0
80.1
71.0
68.6
69.2
68.9
66.1

O

O

O

0

White, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

6,447
3,775
2,672

5,264
2,960
2,303

22.6
24.9
19.8

8.6
8.8
8.3

73.3
74.9
71.3

42.5
40.7
44.7

21.9
24.5
18.6

5.7
6.8
4.3

1.75
1.81
1.67

Black, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

1,679
874
805

1,507
769
737

26.2
28.0
24.3

8.3
8.0
8.6

72.7
73.9
71.4

35.0
34.4
35.5

20.3
23.7
16.8

4.1
4.2
4.1

1.67
1.72
1.61

45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

1

Data not shown where base is less than 35,000.
NOTE: The jobseekers total is less than the total unemployed
because it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new

180




8.2

7.9

job within 30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not
collected. The percent using each method will always total more than 100
because many jobseekers use more than one method.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
18. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
1991
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Thousands of persons
Sex and reason

Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

7,037
3,294
950
2,046
747

23.4
30.0
21.0
18.3
11.5

4,817
3,105
492

3,878
2,202

865
356

3,609
1,503
487
1,222
398

Employer
directly

Friends
or
relatives

Other

8.5
10.4
9.0
7.1
3.7

72.8
73.0
74.1
70.6
76.5

40.9
44.8
43.1
37.8
29.2

21.6
25.2
18.4
18.5
18.8

5.4
5.6
3.6
6.3
4.1

1.73
1.89
1.69
1.59
1.44

848
353

25.4
30.7
22.0
19.2
12.2

8.7
9.9
8.3
7.7
3.8

74.3
74.1
75.7
72.8
77.3

39.5
43.0
40.3
34.0
30.4

24.4
26.7
21.6
21.5
20.5

6.3
6.4
4.0
8.3
4.3

1.79
1.91
1.72
1.64
1.48

3,159
1,092
474
1,198
394

20.9
28.4
20.0
17.7
11.0

8.4
11.5
9.7
6.6
3.6

71.0
70.8
72.4
69.0
75.7

42.6
48.6
45.8
40.5
28.2

18.3
22.1
15.1
16.4
17.3

4.2
4.1
3.2
4.9
3.9

1.65
1.85
1.66
1.55
1.40

Total
jobseekers

Total, 16 years and over ...
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

8,426
4,608

Men, 16 years and over ....
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

979
2,087
753

476

1
Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within




Average
number of
methods
used

Placed
or
answered
ads

Total
unemployed

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

181

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
19. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Total

Women

Men

Industry and age
1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

All industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

117,914
6,261
2,328
3,933
12,622
84,139
33,831
30,543
19,765
11,464
6,825
4,639
3,428

116,877
5,628
2,125
3,503
12,233
84,363
32,914
31,286
20,164
11,268
6,740
4,528
3,384

64,435
3,237
1,207
2,030
6,625
46,071
18,732
16,575
10,764
6,530
3,856
2,674
1,972

63,593
2,879
1,092
1,787
6,421
45,981
18,188
16,883
10,909
6,389
3,773
2,616
1,923

53,479
3,024
1,122
1,903
5,997
38,068
15,099
13,967
9,001
4,935
2,970
1,965
1,455

53,284
2,749
1,033
1,716
5,812
38,383
14,726
14,402
9,255
4,879
2,967
1,912
1,461

Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,186
249
118
131
341
1,902
808
653
441
413
214
199
281

3,233
233
111
122
320
1,979
809
698
472
434
219
215
268

2,507
204
97
107
284
1,453
635
487
331
319
160
159
247

2,552
194
93
100
263
1,523
646
522
355
338
167
171
234

679
45
21
24
56
449
173
166
110
94
54
40
35

682
39
18
21
57
456
163
176
116
96
52
44
34

114,728
6,012
2,210
3,801
12,281
82,237
33,023
29,890
19,324
11,052
6,611
4,440
3,146

113,644
5,395
2,014
3,382
11,913
82,385
32,105
30,588
19,692
10,834
6,521
4,314
3,116

61,928
3,032
1,110
1,923
6,341
44,618
18,097
16,089
10,433
6,211
3,696
2,515
1,726

61,041
2,686
999
1,687
6,158
44,458
17,543
16,361
10,554
6,051
3,606
2,445
1,689

52,800
2,979
1,101
1,878
5,940
37,619
14,926
13,802
8,891
4,841
2,915
1,925
1,421

52,602
2,709
1,015
1,695
5,755
37,927
14,562
14,226
9,138
4,783
2,915
1,868
1,427

Nonagricultural industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

182




HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
20. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Total
Occupation

16 years
and over
1990

Total

Women

Men

1991

117,914 116,877

16 years
and over

20 years
and over
1991

20 years
and over

16 years
and over

1990

1991

1990

1990

64,435

63,593

61,198 60,714 53,479

1991

1990

53,284 50,455

1991
50,535

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations

30,657
14,839
584
10,362
3,893
15,818
1,862
866
401
871
2,320
765
3,993
756
3,984

31,012
14,954
591
10,412
3,951
16,058
1,846
923
438
849
2,376
773
4,029
772
4,051

16,619
8,897
354
6,592
1,950
7,723
1,714
550
297
716
320
476
1,052
599
2,000

16,656
8,890
336
6,611
1,943
7,767
1,694
583
324
696
328
457
1,038
626
2,020

16,528 16,568 14,038 14,356 13,915 14,238
8,857
6,024
6,064
5,943
8,854
5,895
354
255
230
335
255
229
6,558
3,801
6,580 3,770
3,767
3,731
2,008
1,945
2,001
1,934
1,943
1,939
7,671
8,214
8,292 8,020
8,095
7,713
1,713
152
152
149
1,692
148
549
339
339
316
583
315
297
114
114
104
324
104
714
153
155
696
153
154
319
2,048
2,000
328
2,044
1,997
473
316
288
455
310
283
1,040
2,992
2,941
1,027
2,958
2,911
157
599
146
626
146
156
1,968
2,031
1,985
1,982
1,999
1,951

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

36,675 36,086
3,794
3,842
1,379
1,303
1,188
1,220
1,227
1,320
14,191 13,958
3,739
3,812
2,344
2,431
1,601
1,637
6,200
6,239
74
72
18,641 18,334
111
771
746
815
4,427
4,655
2,389
2,418
923
974
9,072
9,008

12,933
1,954
215
949
789
7,208
2,485
1,389
1,278
2,031
26
3,771
322
279
77
204
625
2,264

12,734
1,921
236
942
743
7,142
2,455
1,356
1,242
2,064
25
3,671
323
251
68
216
574
2,238

12,278
1,923
213
931
779
6,814
2,465
1,376
1,268
1,680
25
3,541
320
269
73
197
600
2,081

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

15,759
782
1,988
12,989
5,359
2,087
3,118
2,425

15,986
787
2,071
13,128
5,370
2,178
3,068
2,512

6,288
29
1,697
4,562
2,168
204
1,745
445

6,429
32
1,756
4,641
2,185
249
1,744
463

5,372
22
1,648
3,702
1,525
191
1,598
388

5,581
25
1,712
3,844
1,591
229
1,620
404

9,470
753
291
8,427
3,191
1,883
1,372
1,980

9,557
755
316
8,487
3,185
1,929
1,324
2,048

8,463
641
264
7,558
2,605
1,803
1,307
1,844

8,604
638
289
7,676
2,643
1,848
1,271
1,915

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,641
4,448
5,147
4,046

13,162
4,427
4,808
3,927

12,482
4,289
5,051
3,142

12,030
4,264
4,721
3,045

12,199
4,202
4,910
3,087

11,813
4,197
4,614
3,003

1,159
159
96
904

1,132
163
88
881

1,128
157
93
879

1,112
161
86
865

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,775
8,071
6,594
3,639
2,955
1,477
4,849
3,589
1,261
4,855
774
4,080

17,172
7,696
6,302
3,413
2,889
1,394
4,878
3,680
1,198
4,597
700
3,898

13,249
4,842
3,938
2,538
1,400
904
4,413
3,200
1,214
3,994
750
3,244

12,842
4,610
3,744
2,373
1,371
865
4,441
3,290
1,151
3,791
677
3,113

12,224
4,667
3,801
2,461
1,340
866
4,289
3,098
1,191
3,268
673
2,595

11,981
4,474
3,652
2,322
1,331
822
4,338
3,201
1,138
3,169
622
2,547

4,526
3,229
2,655
1,101
1,554
573
436
389
47
861
24
836

4,330
3,086
2,558
1,040
1,518
529
437
390
47
806
22
784

4,332
3,142
2,593
1,080
1,513
550
427
380
47
763
23
740

4,163
3,009
2,500
1,021
1,479
509
429
382
47
725
21
704

3,408
1,238
2,170

3,459
1,250
2,209

2,864
1,043
1,821

2,903
1,044
1,859

2,597
1,031
1,566

2,652
1,035
1,617

544
195
349

557
206
350

501
192
308

521
205
316

Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations




12,118 23,742 23,352 22,115 21,897
1,888
1,853
1,873
1,898
1,862
1,087
232
1,143
1,135
1,077
246
270
925
240
261
484
531
740
478
524
6,751
6,816
6,983
5,920
5,980
1,327
2,433
1,284
1,264
1,299
1,042
1,341
988
963
1,016
360
1,233
359
353
351
4,208
1,720
4,136
3,292
3,273
46
24
50
48
41
3,469 14,870 14,663 14,273 14,124
449
322
454
452
448
241
536
495
475
516
4,577 4,358 4,428
64
4,249
2,215
208
2,173
2,143
2,172
349
349
549
333
335
2,084 6,744 6,835
6,472
6,375

183

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
21. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Total

Women

Men

Occupation and race

1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

117,914
100.0

116,877
100.0

64,435
100.0

63,593
100.0

53,479
100.0

53,284
100.0

26.0
12.6
13.4

26.5
12.8

31.1
3.3
12.0
15.8

30.9
3.2

20.1
3.0

11.9
15.7

13.4
.7
1.7
11.0

13.7
.7
1.8
11.2

11.2
5.9
9.8

26.2
14.0
12.2
20.0
3.0
11.2
5.8
10.1

26.2
11.1
15.1
44.4
3.5
13.1
27.8
17.7
1.4
.5

26.9

13.7

25.8
13.8
12.0

11.6

11.3

15.1

6.8
4.1
4.1
2.9

14.7
6.6
4.2
3.9
3.0

102,087
100.0

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

11.4
15.6
43.8
3.5
12.8
27.5

15.8
2.2
8.5
6.0
.8
1.6
1.0

17.9
1.4
.6
15.9
2.1
8.1
5.8
.8
1.5
1.0

6.2
4.4

2.8
7.3
18.9
20.2
7.2
7.0
6.0
4.6

101,039
100.0

56,432
100.0

55,557
100.0

45,654
100.0

45,482
100.0

27.1
13.3
13.8

27.7
13.5

26.9

14.2

31.5
3.2

31.2
3.2

12.6
15.6
12.2
.5
1.6
10.0
12.0
14.3
6.5
3.9
3.9
3.1

12.5
15.5
12.4
.6
1.7

12.3
20.3
3.1
11.8
5.5
8.7

27.3
14.7
12.6
20.2
3.0
11.8
5.4
9.0

27.2
11.6
15.6
45.3
3.5
13.6

3.1

5.8
4.6

19.2
7.0
6.6
5.7
4.7

16.4
1.2
.5
14.7
2.1
7.8
5.5
.8
1.5
1.1

28.1
12.0
16.1
44.7
3.5
13.3
27.9
16.6
1.3
.5
14.8
2.1
7.5
5.2
.8
1.5
1.2

11,966
100.0

11,863
100.0

5,915
100.0

5,880
100.0

6,051
100.0

5,983
100.0

16.0
7.1
8.9
28.2
2.9
7.6
17.7

16.3
7.2
9.1

13.3

13.9
7.2
6.7

18.6
7.5

18.7
7.2
11.5

28.3
2.8
7.8

17.1
2.2

17.4
2.3
6.2

17.6
23.2
1.4
2.9
18.9
8.6
21.7
9.6
6.4
5.6
1.9

9.1
18.2
.1
4.4
13.7
15.6
32.7
10.3
11.6
10.8
3.2

39.1
3.6
9.4
26.1

2.6
7.1

19.4
20.6
7.5
6.8

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

10.2
11.7
13.9
6.2
4.0
3.8

14.6

2.5
6.2
20.0
19.4
7.2
6.4

2.6
6.4
19.5

28.2

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

184




22.8
1.6
2.8

18.4
8.9
22.4
9.7
6.3
6.4
1.7

6.8
6.5

5.8

8.9
18.8
.1
4.6

14.2
15.2
31.2
10.0

11.9
9.4
3.5

11.2

27.3
3.1
1.2
23.0
2.3

12.2
9.1
1.0
2.1
.3

39.0
3.4
9.4
26.3
27.6
2.7
1.3
23.6
2.2
12.2
9.2
1.1
1.9
.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
22.

Employed civilians by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin

(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Occupation

Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Administrators, protective service
Financial managers
Personnel and labor relations managers
Purchasing managers
Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations
Administrators, education and related fields
Managers, medicine and health
Managers, properties and real estate
Management-related occupations
Accountants and auditors
Underwriters
Other financial officers
Management analysts
Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists
Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products
Construction inspectors
Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction .
Professional specialty
Architects
Engineers
Aerospace engineers
Chemical engineers
Civil engineers
Electrical and electronic engineers
Industrial engineers
Mechanical engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Computer systems analysts and scientists
Operations and systems researchers and analysts
Natural scientists
Chemists, except biochemists
Geologists and geodesists
Biological and life scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Physicians
Dentists
Health assessment and treating occupations
Registered nurses
Pharmacists
Dietitians
Therapists
Inhalation therapists
Physical therapists
Speech therapists
Physicians' assistants
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Prekindergarten and kindergarten
Elementary school
Secondary school
Special education
Teachers, n.e.c
Counselors, educational and vocational
Librarians, archivists, and curators
Librarians
Social scientists and urban planners
Economists
Psychologists
Social, recreation, and religious workers
Social workers
Recreation workers
Clergy
Religious workers, n.e.c

Lawyers and judges

Percent of total:
Total
employed

Women

Black

Hispanic
origin

116,877

45.6

10.1

7.5

31,012
14,954
511
52
481
126
112
514
541
199
448
3,951
1,446
93
673
218
426
204
67
221

46.3
40.6
45.9
18.9
44.7
57.6
33.9
30.6
55.2
65.0
46.0
50.8
51.5
64.0
48.2
31.4
60.5
55.7
4.9
23.0

6.3
5.7
11.3
12.3
4.0
5.7
2.9
2.1
8.5
6.2
6.3
7.4
7.6
7.2
5.9
5.6
11.7
3.5
8.3
10.1

3.7
4.0
3.6
1.9
3.2
3.1
2.2
1.9
4.2
4.1
5.8
4.4
3.7
3.2
5.5
1.8
5.6
5.3
7.2
5.5

16,058
127
1,846
103
81
223
562
201
311
923
675
201
438
127
57
98
849
575
150
2,376
1,712
187
71
340
68
101
72
67
773
4,029
445
1,524
1,222
282
556
222
212
194
386
116
230
1,124
603
106
331
84
772

51.6
17.1
8.2
8.7
9.3
5.6
8.6
13.6
4.9
36.8
33.7
43.0
26.1
29.9
10.5
37.9
18.1
20.1
10.1
86.2
94.8
36.8
93.7
77.9
63.0
77.5
88.2
37.1
40.8
74.3
98.7
85.9
54.7
83.7
61.0
64.4
81.1
83.0
53.5
45.7
60.3
51.0
68.0
76.3
9.3
60.2
18.9

6.7
2.1
3.6
1.9
3.2
4.0
4.9
4.3
3.4
6.3
5.8
8.2
3.3
5.2
.7
5.2
2.6
3.2
1.5
7.2
7.1
3.4

3.4
4.4
2.4
3.1
2.3
2.5
2.8
2.5
1.5
2.9
2.6
3.9
3.6
4.6
.6
5.2
3.6
4.4
2.7
2.9
2.4
3.2
6.8
4.8
7.6
5.4
3.4
3.7
2.9
3.7
5.8
3.3
3.4
3.4
4.1
3.7
2.6
2.4
3.5
3.2
3.8
5.9
7.2
7.2
4.3
1.6
1.6

19.1
7.2
10.3
5.8
1.3
8.0
4.8
8.6
12.4
8.9
7.3
9.5
7.1
15.5
5.8
61
.
6.7
5.1
7.8
15.1
21.9
16.3
5.4
3.7
2.8

See footnotes at end of table.




185

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
22. Employed civilians by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

1991
Occupation

Lawyers
Writers, artists, entertainers, and athletes
Authors
Technical writers
Designers
Musicians and composers
Actors and directors
Painters, sculptors, craft-artists, and artist printmakers
Photographers
Editors and reporters
Public relations specialists
Announcers
Athletes

Percent of total:
Total
employed

744
1,957
91
62
527
156
87
208

136
279
173
60
77

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Dental hygienists
Health record technologists & technicians
Radiologic technicians
Licensed practical nurses
Engineering and related technologists and technicians
Electrical and electronic technicians
Drafting occupations
Surveying and mapping technicians
Science technicians
Biological technicians
Chemical technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Airplane pilots and navigators
Computer programmers
Legal assistants

36,086
3,794

Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Insurance sales

13,958
3,739
2,344

Real estate sales
Securities and financial services sales
Advertising and related sales
Sales occupations, other business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats
Sales workers, apparel
Sales workers, shoes
Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings
Sales workers, radio, television, hi-fi, and appliances
Sales workers, hardware and building supplies

Sales workers, parts
Sales workers, other commodities
Sales counter clerks
Cashiers
Street and door-to-door sales workers
News vendors
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
General office
Financial records processing
Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks
Computer equipment operators
Computer operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Secretaries
Typists
:
Information clerks
Interviewers
Hotel clerks
See footnotes at end of table.

186




1,379
317
84
67
140
445

947
350
264
67
241
64
88

1,227
101
546
219

588

712
312
140
592
1,601
6,200
273
476
102
157

180
225
150

1,453
192
2,500
368

123
74
18,334
111
448

107
182
746
741
4,427
3,791
591
1,515
166

100

Women

Black

Hispanic
origin

19.0
46.7
53.2
50.0
53.4
31.1
33.2
55.3
23.0
51.1
56.2
21.3
24.7

2.6
5.0
1.4
5.3
2.9
7.6
10.5
2.7
7.7
4.5
8.3
6.2
7.5

1.6
4.1
1.0
1.8
4.3
6.2
4.8
3.2
4.4
2.8
3.1
5.2
4.2

64.7
49.4
82.9
75.7
99.8
93.9
74.5
95.0
18.4
13.6
17.4
10.1
29.8
38.2
26.0
39.4
3.4
34.0
83.0

9.3
8.9
12.9
13.4
1.1
13.4
7.9
16.5
7.2
9.3
5.4
2.9
6.6
5.9
7.9
6.2
1.5
5.7
6.7

6.0
4.6
5.5
6.8
3.3
5.2
8.8
4.4
4.4
4.7
4.2
3.9
5.6
5.6
6.0
3.6
2.9
2.6
4.9

48.8
34.3
42.1
31.1
51.5
28.9
53.1
46.2
22.4
66.7
6.1
79.9
63.4
45.1
30.0
18.8
10,8
71.1
69.8
80.9
69.3
36.8
66.9

6.6
4.3
5.0
5.3
3.8
3.8
4.2
6.8
2.6
9.7
6.6
10.1
10.4
5.9
7.4
3.4
4.9
6.8
9.9
12.9
9.4
11.0
4.0

5.5
4.9
3.7
3.1
3.4
4.1
4.1
4.5
3.5
7.2
4.3
7.2
9.5
3.5
7.3
4.2
8.4
6.4
5.4
8.4
7.3
6.1
1.2

80.0
58.4
67.1
70.5
32.3
66.3
66.3
98.5
99.0
95.1
89.5
84.4
72.3

11.4
12.3
13.2
8.7
13.7
13.9
13.9
9.1
7.9
16.8
9.0
11.4
12.8

6.6
7.2
7.4
6.3
8.5
6.5
6.5
5.0
4.8
6.2
7.4
7.4
6.9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
22. Employed civilians by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

1991
Occupation

Percent of total:
Total
employed

Women

Black

Hispanic
origin

Transportation ticket and reservation agents
Receptionists
Records processing occupations, except financial
Order clerks
Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping
Library clerks
File clerks
Records clerks
Financial records processing
Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks
Payroll and timekeeping clerks
Billing clerks
Cost and rate clerks
Duplicating, mail and other office machine operators
Communications equipment operators
Telephone operators
Mail and message distributing occupations
Postal clerks, except mail carriers
Mail carriers, postal service
Mail clerks, except postal service
Messengers
Material recording, scheduling, and distributing clerks
Dispatchers
Production coordinators
Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks
Stock and inventory clerks
Weighers, measurers, and checkers
Expediters
Adjusters and investigators
Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators
Investigators and adjusters, except insurance
Eligibility clerks, social welfare
Bill and account collectors
Miscellaneous administrative support
General office clerks
Bank tellers
Data entry keyers
Statistical clerks
Teachers' aides

117
875
891
230
69
151
297
125
2,389
1,912
170
170
81
71
225
213
923
278
332
174
140
1,784
217
186
550
565
64
131
1,178
352
568
91
167
3,408
765
481
517
11
486

59.9
97.1
80.5
78.8
86.4
77.0
80.9
84.0
91.0
91.5
90.6
90.7
80.7
61.7
87.2
89.2
37.8
48.3
27.8
48.9
26.9
42.6
51.3
51.0
29.6
43.9
49.7
64.7
76.0
77.1
76.1
90.0
66.0
84.1
80.9
90.3
86.0
75.1
93.1

9.3
8.1
14.9
17.1
18.1
8.8
16.3
13.1
6.2
5.0
9.0
11.8
12.3
14.2
19.1
19.5
21.1
27.7
17.1
20.6
18.3
12.7
11.0
7.8
13.8
13.4
15.9
9.6
13.1
12.2
12.5
17.3
14.5
12.9
12.7
10.7
16.0
10.2
13.0

9.6
7.1
7.9
7.7
5.7
5.6
9.9
8.2
5.6
5.2
6.3
7.9
5.3
10.7
6.8
6.4
5.7
6.3
3.0
8.8
7.0
8.6
6.6
4.0
10.9
8.6
11.0
7.4
6.3
5.7
6.2
6.5
7.7
7.9
8.2
6.5
9.0
6.0
12.4

Service occupations
Private household
Child care workers
Cleaners and servants
Protective service
Supervisors, protective service
Supervisors, police and detectives
Firefighting and fire prevention
Firefighting occupations
Police and detectives
Police and detectives, public service
Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers
Correctional institution officers
Guards
Guards and police, except public service

15,986
787
340
403
2,071
182
95
220
200
870
485
116
269
799
685

59.8
96.0
96.7
95.8
15.2
9.0
9.4
2.3
1.4
14.0
10.3
18.3
18.7
21.6
15.9

17.2
21.0
10.5
29.3
16.8
11.1
11.1
8.6
8.9
15.5
11.3
15.2
23.3
21.7
23.5

11.2
21.0
14.1
26.3
6.2
5.1
6.5
4.4
4.7
5.8
6.5
7.9
3.6
7.5
7.7

13,128
5,370
321
290
1,355
1,779
82
329
131
380
703
2,178
177
494

64.6
59.3
71.1
54.0
81.6
46.9
28.9
71.0
70.6
38.5
51.9
88.6
98.2
83.1

17.1
12.4
12.2
2.0
4.2
18.3
23.3
10.9
16.6
15.3
15.1
26.4
5.6
19.6

11.4
12.2
6.8
4.7
7.1
14.4
11.7
7.9
13.8
20.6
19.5
6.9
6.4
7.3

Service occupations, except private household and protective service
Food preparation and service occupations
Supervisors

Bartenders
Waiters and waitresses
Cooks, except short order
Short-order cooks
Food counter, fountain, and related occupations
Kitchen workers, food preparation
Waiters' and waitresses' assistants
Miscellaneous food preparation
Health service occupations
Dental assistants
Health aides, except nursing
See footnotes at end of table.




187

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
22. Employed civilians by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

1991
Occupation

Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants
Cleaning and building service occupations
Supervisors
Maids and housemen
Janitors and cleaners
Personal service occupations
Barbers
Hairdressers and cosmetologists
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities
Public transportation attendants
Welfare service aides
Child care workers
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Supervisors
Mechanics and repairers, except supervisors
Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics and repairers
Automobile mechanics
Bus, truck, and stationery engine mechanics
Aircraft engine mechanics
Small engine repairers
Automobile body and related repairers
Heavy equipment mechanics
Industrial machinery repairers
Electrical and electronic equipment repairers
Electronic repairers, communications, and industrial equipment
Data processing equipment repairers
Telephone line installers and repairers
Telephone installers and repairers
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics
Miscellaneous mechanics and repairers
Office machine repairers
Millwrights
Construction trades
Supervisors
Construction trades, except supervisors
Brickmasons and stonemasons
Tile setters, hard and soft
Carpet installers
Carpenters
Drywall installers
Electricians
Electrical power installers and repairers
Painters, construction and maintenance
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters
Concrete and terrazzo finishers
Roofers
Structural metal workers
Extractive occupations
Precision production occupations
Supervisors
Precision metalworking
Tool and die makers
Machinists
Sheet-metal workers
Precision woodworking occupations
Cabinet makers and bench carpenters
Precision textile, apparel, and furnishings machine workers
Dressmakers
Upholsterers
Precision workers, assorted materials
Optical goods workers
Dental laboratory and medical appliance technicians
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers
Precision food production occupations
Butchers and meat cutters
Bakers
Precision inspectors, testers, and related workers
Inspectors, testers, and graders
See footnotes at end of table.

188



Percent of total:
Total
employed

Women

Black

972

89.2
43.1
39.0
82.9
30.9
81.6
18.3
90.2
38.8
83.0
94.7
96.0

31.2
22.8
28.8
27.2
21.0
11.9
16.7
8.6
9.5
11.1
25.0
11.7

13,162
4,427

8.6
3.7

251
4,176

8.2
3.4
1.1
.8
.3
4.0
1.1
.6
.7
2.7
9.6
6.4
14.8
6.5
13.0
.5
4.3
4.8
4.5
1.8

7.8
7.7
4.9
7.8
6.7
7.3
6.7
7.2
1.3
6.5
6.0
7.8
9.9
9.3

1,506
3,068

173
718

2,126
2,512
104
745
145
85
121

1,778
864
302
133
70
192
164
518
711
172
152
64
196
253
891
64
78
4,808
610

4,198
166
60

98
1,277
126
677
114
531
440
68
194
54
145
3,782
1,227

905
143

496
121
94
54
231
109

59
512
63
53
300
436
274
121
124
115

1.1
1.9
.2
1.9
1.5

1.3
1.9
1.4

1.0
5.5
1.0
.4
.4

.9
3.1
23.2
17.1
6.0
.8
4.1
5.1
14.3
4.5

59.5
93.3
24.4
56.0
55.4
31.4
70.5
31.6

20.6
44.5
21.1
19.9

11.8
7.9
10.7
6.8
8.4
5.4
5.9
7.3
5.1
7.7
20.4
7.0
5.0
4.7
7.3
4.4

10.6
9.0
9.5
31.8
10.0
4.5
5.3
8.5
8.4
5.1
3.0
6.1
3.3
6.0
2.1
8.8
9.7
6.9
8.7
4.5
8.5
9.8
15.0
17.5
9.6
10.4
10.9

Hispanic
origin

16.0
9.4

19.7
15.4
7.7
8.2
7.5
7.4
5.9
16.0
7.1

8.6
7.0
6.0
7.0
8.4
9.5
7.1
9.3
6.5

8.9
5.2
7.0
4.9
4.8
3.8
7.6
3.3
6.2
6.4
8.0
1.8

9.1
5.4
9.6
11.6
11.0
17.6
8.2
11.7
6.6
3.4
14.7
7.0

13.4
15.2
4.2
7.2
10.0
7.7
8.3
3.7
8.2

9.6
9.1
9.0
18.4
13.3
18.1
11.6
7.7

9.3
13.0
18.5
21.3

15.8
5.2
5.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
22. Employed civilians by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

1991
Occupation

Plant and system operators
Water and sewage treatment plant operators
Stationary engineers
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Machine operators and tenders, except precision
Metalworking and plastic working machine operators
Lathe and turning machine operators
Punching and stamping press machine operators
Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators
Metal and plastic processing machine operators
Molding and casting machine operators
Woodworking machine operators
Sawing machine operators
Printing machine operators
Printing machine operators
Typesetters and compositors
Textile, apparel, and furnishings machine operators
Winding and twisting machine operators
Textile sewing machine operators
Pressing machine operators
Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators
Machine operators, assorted materials
Packaging and filling machine operators
Mixing and blending machine operators
Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators
Painting and paint spraying machine operators
Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food
Slicing and cutting machine operators
Photographic process machine operators
Fabricators, assemblers, and hand working occupations
Welders and cutters
Assemblers
Production inspectors, testers, samplers, and weighers
Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners
Production testers
Graders and sorters, except agricultural

Percent of total:
Total
employed

253
59
105
17,172

7,696
5,059
430
58

106
130
156

103
139
87
461
320
70

1,234
76
676
128
198
2,613
443

96
60
189

96
188
87
1,868

549
1,119
768
602
58
98

Women

4.7
4.8
1.7

10.1
8.7

25.2
40.1
41.0
18.1
8.7
35.4
15.3
21.9
29.4
11.9
11.0
26.4
15.5
69.4
76.9
70.4
89.2
64.5
61.8
33.1
62.4
10.0
9.7
12.1

15.0
14.8
16.0

6.4
29.2
50.1
32.8
4.1
44.2
52.0
53.2
30.8
56.2

9.0

Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Supervisors
Truck drivers, heavy
Truck drivers, light
Drivers-sales workers
Bus drivers
Taxi-cab drivers and chauffeurs
Transportation occupations, except motor vehicles
Rail transportation occupations
Material moving equipment operators
Operating engineers
Crane and tower operators
Excavating and loading machine operators
Grader, dozer, and scraper operators
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators

4,878
3,680
80
1,975
691
215
468

86
436

11.4
2.3
2.5
4.2
.7
1.9
.9
.8
7.0

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Helpers, construction and extractive occupations
Helpers, construction trades
Construction laborers
Production helpers
Freight, stock, and material handlers
Stock handlers and baggers
Machine feeders and offbearers
Garage and service station related occupations
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners

4,597
122
113
700
68
1,688
903
83
207
221

17.5
2.6
2.6
3.2
18.3
18.0
23.1
36.4
5.6
12.7

194
176
115

1,022
211
81

96

Black

10.6
19.1
2.5
8.8

9.1
46.7

10.5

9.8
5.6
11.0
10.6
11.2
7.8
17.2
14.6
7.2
8.2

6.3
23.7
43.2
20.0
25.8
26.1
15.2

19.7
17.1

16.5

Hispanic
origin
4.1
3.2
2.5
12.0
13.4
14.4
8.5
8.7

13.2
8.7
13.4

12.6
7.7
9.2
9.7
10.4
7.6
18.6
4.5
22.7
23.5
16.3
14.6
23.1
11.3
4.1

13.0

17.5
6.6

12.8

17.8

7.9

12.7

11.9
6.8
14.9
13.9
14.1

11.7

11.8

10.6
12.2

9.8

10.9
8.2
3.6

16.0

29.6

15.6
16.3
11.6
14.9
13.4
8.4
24.2
30.5
11.0
13.5
14.1

8.5
8.5
7.4
7.9
9.5
5.1
6.9

7.0
19.3
4.9
6.2
20.5
14.5
13.8
14.8
11.7
13.4
14.9
10.6
25.2
11.4
25.4

12.8
6.9
7.5
8.7
7.6
5.5
5.7
6.2
11.0
13.5
20.6
21.9
17.2
20.7
10.1
10.8
7.4
10.0
16.3

See footnotes at end of table.




189

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
22. Employed civilians by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

1991
Occupation

Hand packers and packagers
Laborers, except construction
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Farmers
Farm managers
Other agricultural and related occupations
Farm occupations, except managerial
Farm workers
Related agricultural occupations
Supervisors
Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm
Animal caretakers, except farm
Forestry and logging occupations
Timber cutting and logging
Fishers, hunters, and trappers
NOTE: N.e.c. is an abbreviation for "not elsewhere classified" and
designates broad categories of occupations which cannot be more
specifically identified. Generally, data for occupations with fewer than

190



Percent of total:
Total
employed

Women

Black

Hispanic
origin

289
1,257

63.5
19.1

12.9
14.6

16.9
13.6

3,459

16.1
16.5
16.3
17.9
16.8

6.4
1.1
1.2
.8
9.5
8.3
8.6

14.6
1.5
1.1
4.5
23.0
26.6
26.8
19.8

1,250
1,118
133
2,038

964
883
1,074
65

890
104
112
80

59

22.1
21.4
12.1

6.7
5.5
65.4
5.6
1.9
3.6

10.7
1.9
12.2
3.9
11.7
13.1
2.8

12.3

21.8
5.2
10.4
5.4
7.3

50,000 employed are not published separately but are included in the
totals for the appropriate categories shown.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
23. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
1991
Agriculture

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers

Age and sex

Total

Private
household Government
workers

Other

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

Wage and
Selfemployed
salary
workers
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

104,520
5,333
1,984
3,349
11,623
30,130
27,811
17,616
9,534
5,798
3,736
2,473

994
157
102
55
121
158
171
141
153
78
75
92

17,901
319
83
236
1,065
4,229
5,819
3,971
2,065
1,288
778
433

85,625
4,857
1,800
3,057
10,436
25,743
21,820
13,504
7,316
4,433
2,884
1,948

8,899
56
27
29
273
1,936
2,722
2,020
1,270
706
564
623

225
7
3
4
17
39
55
56
30
17
13
20

1,673
179
77
102
256
516
341
191
134
71
62
56

1,442
28
16
12
55
275
339
262
284
138
146
199

118
26
18
8
9
17
18
19
17
11
6
13

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

55,283
2,651
985
1,666
5,980
16,326
14,627
9,258
5,179
3,130
2,049
1,262

138
36
23
13
22
28
22
13
12
7
5
6

8,267
140
36
104
480
1,991
2,604
1,817
1,024
627
397
212

46,878
2,475
925
1,549
5,479
14,306
12,001
7,429
4,143
2,497
1,647
1,045

5,725
30
12
18
169
1,211
1,731
1,293
869
474
395
421

33
5
2
3
8
6
3
3
2
1
2
7

1,307
148
65
83
210
399
251
146
105
53
51
49

1,201
26
15
11
46
239
269
208
231
113
119
181

44
20
13
6
7
7
2
2
2
1
1
5

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

49,236
2,682
999
1,683
5,643
13,804
13,183
8,358
4,355
2,667
1,687
1,212

855
121
78
43
100
130
150
128
140
71
70
87

9,634
179
47
132
585
2,238
3,215
2,154
1,042
661
381
221

38,747
2,382
874
1,508
4,958
11,437
9,819
6,075
3,173
1,936
1,237
904

3,174
25
14
11
104
725
991
727
401
232
169
202

192
2
1
1
8
33
52
54
28
16
12
14

365
31
13
19
46
117
89
45
29
18
11

242
2
1
1
9
36
70
54
52
25
27
18

75
6
5
1
2
10
16
17
15
9
5
8

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over




191

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
24. Employed civilians in nonagricultural industries by sex and class of worker
(In thousands)
1991
Industry and sex

TOTAL
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Business and repair
Personal, except private households ....
Entertainment and recreation
Professional
Hospitals
Health services, except hospitals
Educational
Social services
Other
Forestry and fisheries
Public administration
Men
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Business and repair
Personal, except private households ....
Entertainment and recreation
Professional
Hospitals
Health services, except hospitals
Educational
Social services
Other
Forestry and fisheries
Public administration
Women
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Business and repair
Personal, except private households ....
Entertainment and recreation
Professional
Hospitals
Health services, except hospitals
Educational
Social services
Other
Forestry and fisheries
Public administration

192



Wage and salary workers
Total
employed

Total

Government

733
7,087
20,434
11,954
8,480
8,204
24,055
4,640
19,415
7,786
39,705
1,000
38,705
7,467
3,675
1,570
25,835
4,839
4,978
9,123
2,350
4,544
157
5,639

708
5,617
20,000
11,693
8,307
7,881
22,085
4,280
17,804
7,154
35,437
994
34,443
5,990
2,679
1,360
24,307
4,834
4,550
9,034
2,075
3,814
106
5,639

1
502
130
108
22
1,589
104
10
95
207
9,730

604
6,485
13,752
8,746
5,006
5,842
12,766
3,295
9,471
3,188
15,123
141

1
454
98
861

14,983
4,645
1,240
948
8,018
1,100
1,093
2,980
466
2,378
131
3,281

582
5,104
13,453
8,544
4,909
5,566
11,625
3,017
8,608
2,762
12,911
138
12,772
3,699
998
798
7,192
1,097
812
2,957
449
1,877
84
3,281

129
602
6,682
3,208
3,474
2,362
11,289
1,346
9,944
4,599
24,581
859
23,722
2,822
2,434
623
17,817
3,739
3,885
6,143
1,884
2,166
26
2,358

126
513
6,547
3,149
3,398
2,315
10,460
1,263
9,196
4,392
22,526
855
21,671
2,290
1,681
562
17,116
3,737
3,738
6,077
1,627
1,937
22
2,358

9,730
90
13
225
9,349
995
466
7,152
598
138
52
5,639

13
1,142
42
7
35
109
3,140
3,140
56
5
135
2,906
297
114
2,255
150
91
37
3,281

48
31
22
9
447
63
3
60
97
6,589
6,589
33
8
90
6,443
698
352
4,897
446
48
15
2,358

Private
industries

Selfemployed
workers

708
5,115
19,870
11,585
8,285
6,292
21,980
4,270
17,710
6,947
25,707
994
24,713
5,900
2,666
1,135
14,958
3,839
4,083
1,882
1,478
3,676
53

23
1,447
420
252
168
318
1,879
347
1,532
619
4,193
6
4,186
1,452
984
205
1,495
4
411
89
274
717
50

582
4,650
13,355
8,458
4,897
4,424
11,583
3,010
8,573
2,652
9,770
138
9,632
3,643
993
663
4,285
801
698
702
299
1,786
47

22
1,378
297
201
96
276
1,123
275
847
424
2,205
2
2,203
943
240
148
825
3
281
23
17
501
47

126
465
6,515
3,127
3,389
1,868
10,397
1,260
9,136
4,295
15,937
855
15,081
2,257
1,673
472
10,673
3,039
3,386
1,180
1,179
1,890
6

123
52
71
42
756
71
685
195
1,987
4
1,983
509
744
57
670
2
130
65
257
216
4

Unpaid
family
workers

1
23
15
10
5
5
92
13
79
13
75
75
25
11
5
33
18
1
1
13
1

3
2
2
1
18
2
16
2
8
8
3
2
1
1

. 1
20
13
8
5
5
74
11
63
12
68
68
22
9
4
32
18
1
1
13
1

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
25. Employed civilians by industry, sex, and occupation
(In thousands)
1991
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry and sex

TOTAL
Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Professional services
Public administration
Men
Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Professional services
Public administration
Women
Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Professional services
Public administration

Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service

Total
Executive,
TechniAdminisemadminiscians
Private
trative
ployed
ProfesOther
trative,
and
Sales support, housesional
and
service1
including hold
specialty related
manasupport
clerical
gerial

Precision
Farming,
Machine
producoperHandlers, forestry,
tion,
Transporators,
equipment
and
tation
craft,
assemcleaners, fishing
and
and
blers,
helpers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
inspeclaborers
tors

3,233
733
7,087
20,434
11,954
8,480

91
114
977
2,517
1,501
1,016

79
66
137
1,774
1,175
599

31
37
52
745
509
236

22
8
71
732
294
438

102
81
387
2,276
1,260
1,016

18
12
28
354
186
168

40
245
4,042
3,814
2,619
1,195

12
23
99
6,302
3,413
2,889

52
114
497
774
402
371

15
33
773
1,056
517
539

2,770
1
23
91
79
12

8,204
24,055
4,640
19,415

977
2,120
538
1,582

471
449
77
372

300
138
36
102

330
9,954
1,873
8,080

2,157
2,348
771
1,576

260
4,489
35
4,454

1,284
1,449
317
1,131

124
300
130
169

1,828
1,005
485
520

456
1,770
365
1,405

16
34
11
23

7,786
39,705
1,000
38,705
25,835
5,639

2,033
4,893
2
4,891
2,720
1,233

216
12,070
7
12,063
10,668
795

132
2,135
4
2,131
1,732
222

1,860
956
956
162
27

2,993
6,489
11
6,477
4,763
1,500

267
8,361
79
8,282
4,716
1,410

166
1,869
14
1,855
393
253

18
777
1
776
210
41

14
532
6
526
295
62

20
428
21
407
86
46

68
406
67
340
91
50

2,552
604
6,485
13,752
8,746
5,006

66
88
850
1,813
1,112
701

58
55
125
1,378
998
381

11
24
46
573
419
153

12
6
57
500
223
277

7
14
47
696
413
283

11
10
21
276
148
127

39
241
3,978
3,193
2,202
991

8
23
97
3,744
2,373
1,371

50
113
492
727
382
345

13
30
751
763
399
364

2,277
1
22
89
77
12

5,842
12,766
3,295
9,471

657
1,181
332
848

353
219
50
168

239
72
27
45

140
4,915
1,510
3,405

878
517
186
331

144
2,057
27
2,031

1,208
1,269
301
969

105
163
81
82

1,684
950
466
484

419
1,398
306
1,092

16
25
9
16

3,188
15,123
141
14,983
8,018
3,281

1,015
2,520
1
2,520
1,136
701

115
4,955
1
4,954
4,128
509

62
756
1
755
466
138

1,116
383

191
2,506
5
2,500
1,128
1,182

155
1,707
12
1,695
343
240

13
423

383
42
13

425
767
2
765
418
320

422
92
34

13
356
3
352
135
58

19
357
21
336
55
42

64
363
62
301
75
46

682
129
602
6,682
3,208
3,474

25
26
128
704
389
315

21
11
11
396
177
218

20
12
6
172
90
83

10
2
13
232
71
161

95
68
340
1,580
847
733

7
2
7
79
37
41

1
4
64
621
417
204

3
1
2
2,558
1,040
1,518

3
2
5
47
21
26

3
2
23
293
118
175

494

2,362
11,289
1,346
9,944

320
939
205
734

119
231
27
204

61
66
9
57

189
5,038
363
4,675

1,279
1,831
586
1,245

115
2,432
9
2,424

77
179
17
163

19
137
50
87

145
55
19
37

37
372
59
313

1
8
2
6

4,599
24,581
859
23,722
17,817
2,358

1,018
2,373
1
2,371
1,584
532

101
7,115
6
7,109
6,540
287

743
573

2,568
5,722
9
5,713
4,345
1,180

76
5,856
74
5,781
3,588
228

11
162
2
160
51
12

5
354
1
354
119
8

176
2
174
160
4

1
71

4
43
5
39
16
4

70
1,380
3
1,376
1,265
84

573
119
14

787
787

32
32

755
755

71
31
4

1
2
2

Includes protective service, not shown separately.




13
9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
26. Employed civilians by industry, race, and occupation
(In thousands)
1991
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry and race

WHITE
Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Professional services
Public administration
BLACK
Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Professional services
Public administration
1




Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service

Total
Executive,
TechniAdminisemadministrative
cians
Private
Profesployed
Other
trative,
and
Sales support, housesional
service1
and
including hold
specialty related
manaclerical
support
gerial

Precision
Machine
Farming,
producoperHandlers, forestry,
Transportion,
ators,
equipment
and
tation
craft,
assemcleaners, fishing
and
and
blers,
helpers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
laborers
inspectors

3,000
685
6,478
17,575
10,483
7,092

86
111
934
2,361
1,418
943

76
63
120
1,598
1,051
547

30
33
47
648
440
207

22
8
67
688
282
407

98
73
365
2,025
1,146
879

15
10
23
280
153
127

35
229
3,713
3,358
2,332
1,026

9
22
87
5,081
2,844
2,237

45
107
436
624
329
296

12
28
667
833
422
411

2,572
1
18
78
67
11

6,846
21,237
4,227
17,010

897
1,914
496
1,418

418
419
71
348

274
125
33
92

287
8,934
1.7711
7,163

1,702
2,107
692
1,415

191
3,759
31
3,729

1,133
1,326
296
1,030

107
257
109
148

1,473
849
409
440

353
1,517
311
1,206

12
29
9
20

6,862
33,754
752
33,002
21,992
4,600

1,856
4,435
2
4,433
2,452
1,036

193
10,769
4
10,765
9,514
655

115
1,806
3
1,803
1,449
190

1,729
824

204
6,327
49
6,278
3,458
1,169

137
1,656
12
1,644
329
212

14
614

824
134
22

2,534
5,612
10
5,602
4,110
1,165

613
167
33

12
425
5
419
236
42

15
348
18
330
73
32

54
344
54
290
72
42

160
40
467
2,101
1,011
1,091

3
2
26
83
45
38

1
1
6
65
42
23

2
33
7
26

3
8
15
193
86
107

4
63
28
35

4
13
254
329
185
144

2
1
10
943
426
517

6
6
51
137
67
70

3
4
91
192
80
112

137

3
4
53
35
19

1,142
1,900
259
1,642

62
109
19
90

33
16
2
14

18
8
2
6

35
665
45
620

382
160
44
115

54
484
3
481

128
86
15
71

15
33
16
17

317
135
66
69

93
202
46
156

3
3
1
2

678
4,516
214
4,302
2,973
858

115
305

15
839
2
837
755
106

9
218
1
217
189
23

88
99

354
695
1
694
528
281

54
1,713
28
1,684
1,104
215

24
152
2
150
54
31

3
124
1
123
38
7

1
93

5
68
3
65
10
12

12
47
11
36
14
6

305
199
155

Includes protective service, not shown separately.

194

Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

99
24
4

596
596

165
165

93
56
17

4
11
11

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
27. Employed civilians in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)

1991
Manufacturing

Sex, age, and race
Mining

Construction
Total

TransWholesale Finance,
portation
insurance,
and
and
NonServices1
retail
Durable
and real
public
durable
trade
estate
goods
utilities
goods

Public
administration

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

733
11
722
37
685
612
73

7,087
192
6,895
747
6,148
5,405
743

20,434 11,954
182
380
20,055 11,773
1,781
948
18,274 10,824
15,866 9,460
2,408 1,364

8,480
198
8,282
832
7,450
6,406
1,044

8,204
100
8,105
597
7,508
6,614
894

24,055
2,967
21,088
3,803
17,285
14,620
2,665

7,786
154
7,632
810
6,822
5,833
989

38,704
1,381
37,324
3,690
33,633
28,413
5,220

5,639
52
5,587
328
5,258
4,547
711

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

604
10
594
28
566
507
59

6,485
182
6,304
691
5,613
4,944
669

13,752
253
13,499
1,163
12,336
10,678
1,658

8,746
135
8,611
683
7,929
6,897
1,032

5,006
118
4,888
480
4,408
3,782
626

5,842
67
5,775
395
5,380
4,679
701

12,766
1,483
11,283
1,969
9,314
7,912
1,402

3,188
45
3,143
245
2,898
2,350
548

14,983
587
14,395
1,460
12,935
10,672
2,263

3,281
22
3,259
185
3,074
2,652
422

Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

129
1
128
9
119
105
14

602
11
591
56
536
461
75

6,682
127
6,555
618
5,938
5,188
750

3,208
47
3,161
265
2,896
2,564
332

3,474
80
3,394
352
3,042
2,624
418

2,362
32
2,330
202
2,128
1,935
193

11,289
1,485
9,804
1,833
7,971
6,708
1,263

4,599
110
4,489
565
3,924
3,483
441

23,722
793
22,928
2,230
20,698
17,741
2,957

2,358
30
2,328
143
2,185
1,896
289

569
10
558
26
532
476
56

5,911
169
5,742
644
5,098
4,498
600

12,000
225
11,775
1,005
10,769
9,291
1,478

7,723
123
7,600
603
6,997
6,072
925

4,277
102
4,175
402
3,773
3,220
553

4,922
57
4,866
328
4,538
3,934
604

11,222
1,308
9,914
1,697
8,216
6,930
1,286

2,833
37
2,796
201
2,595
2,095
500

12,847
514
12,333
1,207
11,126
9,124
2,002

2,785
18
2,767
149
2,618
2,260
358

117
1
116
8
108
94
14

567
9
558
50
508
435
73

5,576
113
5,463
505
4,958
4,290
668

2,760
43
2,717
221
2,496
2,191
305

2,815
69
2,746
284
2,462
2,099
363

1,924
27
1,896
165
1,731
1,563
168

10,015
1,312
8,704
1,602
7,101
5,931
1,170

4,029
102
3,928
485
3,442
3,023
419

20,155
699
19,456
1,923
17,532
15,015
2,517

1,815
23
1,791
107
1,684
1,437
247

29

442
9
433
32
401
341
60

1,291
20
1,271
122
1,149
1,008
141

708
8
699
58
641
560
81

583
11
572
64
508
448
60

776
10
766
56
710
630
80

1,030
135
895
203
693
621
72

248
6
242
34
208
172
36

1,502
56
1,446
180
1,265
1,076
189

400
2
397
32
366
319
47

25
1
24
5
19
18
1

811
10
801
85
716
660
56

303
2
301
29
272
257
15

508
8
500
55
444
404
40

366
4
363
28
334
314
20

870
130
740
180
560
510
50

430
5
425
62
363
348
15

2,800
64
2,736
237
2,498
2,134
364

458
6
452
31
422
389
33

White
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years

25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Black
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

25 to 54 years
55 years and over
1

29
2
27
25
2
11
11
1
10
10

Excludes private households.




195

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
28. Employed civilians by detailed industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Industry

Total, 16 years and over.
Agriculture
Agricultural production, crops
Agricultural production, livestock
Agricultural services, except horticultural
Horticultural services
Mining
Metal mining
Coal mining
Crude petroleum and natural gas extraction
Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, except fuel.
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products, except furniture
Logging
Sawmills, planing mills, and millwork
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, glass, and concrete products
Glass and glass products
Cement, concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Structural clay, pottery, and related products
Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces, steelworks, rolling, and finishing mills
Iron and steel foundries
Primary aluminum industries
Other primary metal industries
Fabricated metal industries
Cutlery, hand tools, and other hardware
Fabricated structural metal products
Screw machine products
Metal forging and stampings
Ordnance
Miscellaneous and not specified fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and material handling machines
Metal working machinery
Office and accounting machines
Electronic computing equipment
Machinery, except electrical, n.e.c. and not specified
Electrical machinery, equipment and supplies
Household appliances
Radio, T.V., and communication equipment
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies, n.e.c. and not specified .
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment
Aircraft and parts
Ship and boat building and repairing
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Cycles and miscellaneous transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches
Scientific and controlling instruments
Optical and health services supplies
Photographic equipment and supplies
Toys, amusements, and sporting goods
Miscellaneous and not specified manufacturing industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products .
Meat products
Dairy products

See footnotes at end of table.

196



Percent of total:
Total
employed

Women

Black

Hispanic
origin

116,877

45.6

10.1

7.5

3,233
1,007
1,245
309
672

21.1
18.9
21.3
53.6
9.0

5.0
6.4
3.0
3.8
7.0

14.0
20.9
4.3
12.5
22.2

733
63
141
422
108

17.6
13.4
6.1
23.9
10.6

5.4
2.1
4.5
5.0
10.0

6.6
6.7
1.2
9.0
4.4

7,087

8.5

6.6

8.4

20,434
11,954
714
142
365
60
147
622
578
170
196
83
130
787
363
109
136
179
1,205
113
475
64
126
90
339
2,406
88
113
223
283
71
612
1,017
1,943
142
403
1,398
2,407
1,077
588
266
390
53
111
264
375
126
128
388

32.7
26.8
15.0
4.9
14.3
17.5
25.5
28.3
22.9
30.3
12.4
31.6
23.4
13.3
8.3
13.6
15.6
21.8
22.2
34.3
15.8
29.0
25.6
27.6
23.0
22.7
20.7
16.0
15.5
17.2
33.2
33.7
19.5
42.1
42.8
41.5
42.2
21.2
22.4
21,9
13.6
22.8
19.2
41.5
32.7
51.3
30.3
42.2
43.5

10.3
8.5
14.4
15.5
15.8
7.0
13.2
9.1
11.1
11.7
11.6
10.9
9.8
9.8
9.6
16.0
6.0
9.2
6.6
8.5
5.3
8.4
5.0
6.8
8.1
6.5
5.4
11.1
8.0
5.7
9.3
6.4
5.8
6.8
9.4
6.9
6.5
11.0
13.0
9.1
18.0
5.3
1.7
5.1
3.6
5.1
8.9
6.4
7.5

8.5
7.4
6.4
3.3
5.0
12.0
10.7
12.4
7.7
6.6
7.6
8.3
8.9
7.9
6.9
8.5
9.9
8.1
8.8
8.3
8.1
8.1
9.7
2.3
11.4
5.9
4.4
1.9
5.8
3.0
6.4
7.0
6.5
1.1
4.8
7.2
8.1
6.1
4.6
8.8
6.6
6.4
5.8
6.8
4.8
9.6
2.4
10.8
11.2

8,480
1,726
460
144

41.0
32.9
38.3
22.6

12.9
15.2
25.6
7.7

10.1
14.4
17.4
6.0

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
28. Employed civilians by detailed industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

1991
Industry

Canned and preserved fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Bakery products
Sugar and confectionary products
Beverage industries
Miscellaneous and not specified food preparations and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Knitting mills
Floor coverings, except hard surface
Yam, thread, and fabric mills
Apparel and other finished textile products
Apparel and accessories, except knit
Miscellaneous fabricated textile products
Paper and allied products
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills
Miscellaneous paper and pulp products
Paperboard containers and boxes
Printing, publishing, and allied products
Newspaper publishing and printing
Printing, publishing, and allied industries, except newspapers
Chemicals and allied products
Plastics, synthetics, and resins
Drugs
Soaps and cosmetics
Paints, varnishes, and related products
Agricultural chemicals
Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Other rubber products, and plastics footwear and belting
Miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Footwear, except rubber and plastic
Transportation, communications, and other public utilities
Transportation
Railroads
Bus service and urban transit
Taxicab service
Trucking service
Warehousing and storage
U.S. Postal Service
Water transportation
Air transportation
Services incidental to transportation
Communications
Radio and television broadcasting
Telephone (wire and radio)
Telegraph and miscellaneous communication services
Utilities and sanitary services
Electric light and power
Gas and steam supply systems
Electric and gas, and other combinations
Water supply and irrigation
Sanitary services
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating supplies
Machinery, equipment and supplies
Scrap and waste materials

Percent of total:
Total
employed

Women

Black

Hispanic
origin

213
146
223
113
228
199
58
688
110
59
445
1,044
891
154
736
328
196
212
1,829
506
1,323
1,338
160
297
176
71
51
582
187
164
736
81
125
530
137
82

41.5
22.0
30.2
41.8
19.6
40.1
35.2
47.6
68.7
41.6
45.4
76.1
78.7
61.0
24.1
17.6
34.1
24.9
43.1
44.3
42.6
33.2
28.9
50.4
49.9
21.8
17.1
23.4
15.7
15.2
34.3
16.7
36.8
36.4
52.1
55.0

9.3
6.7
14.2
11.7
11.9
15.9
38.3
28.7
19.9
37.1
31.0
15.4
15.3
15.9
10.5
11.3
10.8
9.1
7.4
8.6
7.0
10.8
13.4
10.4
13.1
8.6
9.9
9.9
9.7
9.3
8.0
16.5
9.4
6.3
10.5
11.6

21.4
8.7
14.9
17.1
9.9
13.7
5.3
6.0
11.9
5.3
4.1
20.5
21.2
16.4
8.0
3.9
9.4
13.3
5.9
4.7
6.4
6.2
9.8
5.5
11.1
8.9
2.9
4.0
5.2
5.7
9.2
2.3
6.9
10.8
16.4
14.2

8,204
5,022
292
477
109
1,901
137
852
190
717
329
1,598
272
1,127
199
1,584
716
194
165
218
281

28.8
25.7
9.1
28.3
10.6
15.1
30.6
35.8
19.3
32.6
63.0
46.7
37.9
49.3
43.5
20.7
22.0
24.3
21.3
20.0
14.3

13.9
14.7
11.1
26.2
36.6
11.4
11.9
21.8
12.4
11.1
5.7
14.0
8.3
15.4
13.7
11.5
8.8
10.4
10.2
13.1
18.1

6.1
6.7
3.9
8.0
13.7
6.1
10.9
5.0
7.0
7.5
9.1
5.5
6.9
4.9
7.1
5.1
4.2
4.5
5.4
6.5
6.4

24,055
4,640
2,537
219
71
190
86
309
245
1,102
169

46.9
29.0
27.5
23.2
34.3
23.1
27.0
33.3
25.0
28.1
16.1

7.9
5.6
4.8
5.5
7.2
6.7
1.9
3.9
1.5
4.1
10.9

8.4
7.3
6.1
6.8
9.3
6.5
13.4
4.7
6.8
4.9
11.2

See footnotes at end of table.




197

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
28. Employed civilians by detailed industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

1991
Industry

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, chemicals, and allied products
Apparel, fabrics, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm products-raw materials
Petroleum products
Alcoholic beverages
Farm supplies
Miscellaneous nondurable goods and not specified wholesale trade
Retail trade
Lumber and building material retailing
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores
Grocery stores
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries
Food stores, n.e.c
Motor vehicle dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Miscellaneous vehicle dealers
Apparel and accessory stores, except shoe
Shoe stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliances, T.V., and radio stores
Eating and drinking places
Drug stores
Liquor stores
Sporting goods, bicycles, and hobby stores
Book and stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods stores
Mail order houses
Vending machine operators
Direct selling establishments
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail florists
Miscellaneous retail stores and not specified retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Banking
Savings and loan associations
Credit agencies, n.e.c
Security, commodity brokerage, and investment companies
Insurance
Real estate, including real estate-insurance law offices
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Business and repair services
Advertising
Services to dwellings and other buildings
Commercial research, development, and testing labs
Personnel supply services
Business management and consulting services
Computer and data processing services
Detective and protective services
Business services, n.e.c
See footnotes at end of table.

198



Percent of total:
Total
employed

Women

Black

Hispanic
origin

2,103
134
231
125
774
100
154
130
131
324

30.8
39.6
37.4
46.9
25.0
24.3
31.8
13.7
25.0
40.9

6.5
4.2
4.3
10.2
7.4
1.8
7.0
10.6
6.0
5.3

8.8
5.6
6.1
12.8
13.5
2.1
3.9
5.0
2.2
7.8

19,415
484
211
104
2,025
133
115
2,877
57
152
198
1,056
432
473
109
867
155
567
511
5,744
575
138
325
190
177
55
127

80
303
115
192
842

51.2
25.9
35.3
34.4
69.8
71.4
62.7
49.9
58.3
60.5
46.0
17.4
18.3
31.4
21.7
77.8
54.6
36.1
34.3
53.8
63.8
30.8
47.5
56.1
59.9
86.0
63.6
31.3
66.6
24.4
70.6
60.2

8.5
5.9
3.7
2.1
11.5
11.0
10.2
8.4
3.5
6.1
7.6
6.2
5.6
5.8
1.9
9.5
12.4
7.4
7.3
10.8
6.3
9.4
3.4
5.7
2.8
2.9
7.0
2.2
4.8
4.7
2.9
4.6

8.6
6.3
4.2
8.9
7.2
9.7
8.3
7.6
5.5
15.1
18.9
6.0
7.4
4.8
4.3
8.7
9.8
7.8
5.7
11.9
7.2
5.9
3.2
3.5
9.6
2.9
4.9
4.7
8.9
2.5
6.3
7.2

7,786
2,006
111
552
618
2,419
2,081

59.1
70.6
75.3
65.3
40.3
60.4
49.5

8.7
11.2
8.0
8.2
5.7
8.1
8.0

5.6
6.4
7.9
6.4
5.4
4.0
6.5

39,705
1,000
38,704
7,467
255
833
279
658
610
847
399
1,503

61.9
85.9
61.3
37.8
48.7
51.3
31.9
67.9
47.8
36.5
19.7
51.9

11.4
21.4
11.1
9.8
4.7
17.5
4.9
18.1
6.4
5.1
25.1
6.8

6.8
18.9
6.5
8.4
4.1
18.5
3.9
5.4
3.5
2.8
9.1
7.2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
28. Employed civilians by detailed industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Industry

Percent of total:
Total
employed

Women

Black

Hispanic
origin

412
1,023
138
509

21.4
15.5

15.8
5.9
5.4
4.1

Personal services, except private household
Hotels and motels
Lodging places, except hotels and motels
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops
Barber shops
Funeral service and crematories

3,675
1,347
466
470
773
103
100

66.2
55.5
86.3
57.3
89.1
20.1
27.9

12.4
16.7
8.0
16.2
8.3
16.8
10.4

Entertainment and recreational services
Theaters and motion pictures
Bowling alleys, billiard and pool parlors
Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services

1,570
492
72
1,007

39.7
35.2
43.6
41.5

9.1
8.4
2.8
9.8

7.7
7.6
.9
8.2

Professional and related services
Hospitals
Health services, except hospitals
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Offices of chiropractors
Offices of optometrists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Business, trade, and vocational schools
Libraries
Educational services, n.e.c
Social services
Job training and vocational rehabilitation services
Child day care services
Residential care facilities, without nursing
Social services, n.e.c
Other professional services
Legal services
Museums, art galleries, and zoos
Religious organizations
Membership organizations
Engineering, architectural, and surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services
Noncommercial educational and scientific research
Miscellaneous professional and related services

25,835
4,839
4,978
1,128
574
105
60
1,626
9,123
6,116
2,570
70
175
193
2,350
212
764
475
900
4,544
1,274
94
804
468
833
660
149
262

69.0
77.3
78.0
71.7
75.5
68.6
65.9
86.1
67.3
73.4
52.7
53.7
73.9
68.0
80.2
54.6
96.2
72.2
76.7
47.7
55.2
57.1
45.2
60.7
22.2
56.9
38.5
54.9

11.5
16.0

7.1
2.0

5.2
5.5
5.9
5.4
4.9
4.4
3.5
5.2
5.0
5.4
4.3
4.2
3.5
4.3
6.8
3.9
6.6
6.0
8.2
3.7
4.0
7.0
3.6
4.6
3.6
3.1
3.4
2.3

157
79
78

16.8
24.0
9.4

2.8
3.3
2.3

12.6
6.6

5,639
156
596
2,074
372
692
320
590
840

41.8
60.1
50.9
30.4
58.1
67.1
34.4
40.0
36.2

15.2
9.5
14.6
14.6
14.3
22.7
12.7
13.7
14.5

5.6
2.0
6.5
5.5
5.5
7.0
5.9
4.5
5.7

Automobile services, except repair
Automobile repair shops
Electrical repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services

Forestry and fisheries
Forestry
Fisheries
Public administration
Executive and legislative offices
General government, n.e.c
Justice, public order, and safety
Public finance, taxation, and monetary policy
Administration of human resources programs
Administration of environmental quality and housing programs
Administration of economic programs
National security and international affairs
NOTE: N.e.c. is an abbreviation for "not elsewhere classified" and
designates broad categories of industries which cannot be more
specifically identified. Generally, data for industries with fewer than




8.7
13.7

12.4
3.9
2.5
.1

.9
22.2
10.5
11.2

9.0
13.5
11.2
4.0

16.3
14.5
13.5
16.0
19.4
5.3
5.2

9.0
6.6
9.0
4.0
3.3

13.4
11.1
8.2

9.3
10.6
14.6
7.3

12.7
7.6
8.7

5.1

9.6

50,000 employed are not published separately but are included in the
totals for the appropriate categories shown.

199

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
29. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers1

Total

Reason not working and sex
1990

Paid absences

1991

Unpaid absences

1991

1990

1990

1991

1990

1991

Total, 16 years and over....
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
All other reasons

6,157
3,531
1,341
89
24
1,172

5,909
3,297
1,302
118
17
1,175

6,031
3,483
1,316
72
24
1,136

5,779
3,255
1,270
97
17
1,140

3,107
2,277
546

2,927
2,141
515

2,316
936
673

2,216
853
650

284

270

()
707

713

Men, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

2,883
1,646
671
566

2,780
1,520
650
609

2,782
1,609
649
524

2,676
1,487
626
563

1,538
1,151
279
108

1,445
1,078
268

902
315
316
271

857
271
298
288

Women, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

3,274
1,885
670
719

3,130
1,777
653
700

3,249
1,874
666
708

3,103
1,768
644
691

1,570
1,126
267
176

1,481
1,063
247
171

1,414
621
357
436

1,359
582
352
425

1

Excludes private household workers.
Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
2

30.

3

Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
1991
Thousands of persons

Hours of work

Percent distribution

All
industries

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

110,967

3,103

107,865

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours

26,894
770
4,531
13,408
8,186

894
43
198
435
218

26,000
726
4,333
12,973
7,968

24.2
.7
4.1
12.1
7.4

28.8
1.4
6.4
14.0
7.0

24.1
.7
4.0
12.0
7.4

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

84,074
7,372
44,395
32,307
11,241
11,997
9,069

2,209
143
683
1,384
220
396
767

81,864
7,229
43,712
30,924
11,021
11,600
8,302

75.8
6.6
40.0
29.1
10.1
10.8
8.2

71.2
4.6
22.0
44.6
7.1
12.8
24.7

75.9
6.7
40.5
28.7
10.2
10.8
7.7

39.3
43.7

43.6
51.0

39.1
43.5

Total, 16 years and over

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules

200



All
industries

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
31. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
All industries

Nonagricultural industries

Reason for working less than 35 hours
Total

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

Usually
work
full time

Total

Usually
work
part time

26,894

Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons

7,730

18,270

2,193
1,882
44
190
77

3,853
1,319

5,767
3,011
42
185
75
2,455

2,081
1,780
42
185
75

3,686
1,231

5,824

5,649

1,537

1,719
796

20,233
12,013
1,649
1,570
398
7
699
1,678
2,218

1,482

1,678
736

24.5
26.1

21.2
19.5

22.5
21.4

24.6
26.2

21.3
19.6

2,032
6,154

Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons

26,000

22.4
21.4

Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons

18,877

20,848
12,343
1,670
1,598
477
7
702
1,719
2,333

Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work

8,017

6,046
3,201
44
190
77
2,534

Total, 16 years and over

1,014
3,201

1,018
2,953

1,957
6,010

973
3,131

984
2,879

2,534
15,024
12,343

1,670
1,431
477
7
702

167

2,455

1,649
1,413
398
7

14,584
12,013
157

32. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Industry

Total
at
work

On part
time
for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours
or more
or less
hours

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

107,865

5,767

14,584

87,513

56,589

11,021

19,903

39.1

43.5

99,326

4,993

13,104

81,229

53,727

10,401

17,102

39.0

43.1

666

12

13

641

333

98

210

46.1

47.1

5,369

456

201

4,713

3,243

521

948

40.0

42.6

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

19,139
11,195
7,944

607
271
336

590
250
339

17,942
10,674
7,269

11,621
6,904
4,717

2,819
1,660
1,159

3,502
2,110
1,393

42.0
42.4
41.4

43.2
43.2
43.1

Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

7,431
21,228
6,873

232
1,695
142

407
4,835
624

6,793
14,698
6,108

4,290
8,874
4,245

917
2,116
698

1,586
3,708
1,165

42.1
36.9
39.9

44.0
44.0
42.3

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

33,241
955
32,286
5,377

1,790
175
1,615
60

6,200
396
5,804
234

25,251
384
24,867
5,083

17,324
261
17,063
3,797

2,730
40
2,690
502

5,198
83
5,115
784

37.3
26.8
37.6
40.7

42.8
43.8
42.8
41.9

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

8,314
225

763
11

1,388
92

6,163
121

2,795
68

607
13

2,761
40

40.4
35.4

48.0
46.5

Total, 16 years and over
Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction




201

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
33. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
1991

Sex, age, race, and marital status

Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours
or less

41 hours
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

107,865
5,210
1,929
3,281
102,655
11,493
91,162
59,675
28,629
2,857

5,767
578
153
426
5,189
965
4,224
2,833
1,249
143

14,584
3,006
1,552
1,454
11,578
2,162
9,416
5,112
2,906
1,398

87,513
1,625
224
1,401
85,888
8,366
77,522
51,730
24,474
1,316

56,589
1,305
193
1,111
55,285
6,037
49,247
32,424
15,884
938

30,924
320
31
290
30,603
2,329
28,275
19,306
8,590
378

39.1
24.6
18.2
28.3
39.9
36.3
40.3
40.8
40.4
28.9

43.5
40.0
37.9
40.3
43.5
42.1
43.7
43.8
43.6
42.4

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

58,366
2,605
962
1,643
55,761
5,980
49,781
32,558
15,663
1,559

2,807
297
82
215
2,510
497
2,013
1,409
536

4,294
1,392
753
640
2,902
896
2,006
732
583
691

51,264
916
128
788
50,349
4,588
45,761
30,417
14,544
800

29,610
709
111
598
28,901
3,089
25,811
16,811
8,467
535

21,655
207
17
190
21,448
1,498
19,950
13,606
6,077
265

42.0
25.8
19.0
29.9
42.7
37.9
43.3
43.9
43.3
30.8

44.9
40.7
38.1
41.1
45.0
43.0
45.2
45.4
45.0
43.3

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

49,499
2,605
967
1,638
46,894
5,513
41,381
27,117
12,966
1,298

2,960
281
71
210
2,679
469
2,210
1,424
712
75

10,290
1,614
800
814
8,676
1,266
7,410
4,380
2,323
707

36,248
710
96
614
35,539
3,778
31,760
21,313
9,931
516

26,980
596
82
514
26,384
2,948
23,436
15,615
7,417
403

9,269
113
14
100
9,155
830
8,325
5,698
2,514
113

35.8
23.3
17.5
26.7
36.5
34.5
36.7
37.2
36.8
26.6

41.4
39.0
37.5
39.3
41.5
40:9
41.5
41.5
41.5
40.9

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

93,032
50,879
42,153

4,737
2,314
2,423

13,056
3,767
9,289

75,238
44,798
30,441

47,251
25,056
22,195

27,987
19,742
8,246

39.2
42.2
35.6

43.7
45.2
41.5

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

11,094
5,462
5,631

846
402
444

1,054
354
700

9,194
4,706
4,488

7,191
3,414
3,777

2,003
1,292
710

38.2
39.9
36.6

41.7
42.8
40.4

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

37,070
6,148
15,148

1,175
401
1,231

1,399
262
2,634

34,497
5,485
11,283

18,965
3,199
7,445

15,532
2,286
3,838

43.8
42.5
37.3

45.5
45.0
43.4

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

27,309
9,966
12,223

1,346
692
922

5,991
1,240
3,059

19,972
8,034
8,242

15,123
5,723
6,134

4,849
2,312
2,108

35.7
38.0
34.2

41.1
42.1
41.4

RACE

MARITAL STATUS

202




HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
34. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Average
hours,
Average
workers
hours,
on full49
41 to 48
total
time
hours
at work
hours
schedor more
ules

On full-time schedules
Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.




Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part
time

Total

40
hours
or less

107,658

5,729

14,567

87,362

56,400

11,021

19,941

39.2

43.5

29,172
14,342
14,830
34,485
3,625
13,383
17,478
15,181
756
1,955
12,470
12,529
16,290
7,334
4,573
4,383

631
228
402
1,481
78
805
598
1,623
125
60
1,438
813
1,182
441
263
478

2,679
749
1,929
6,057
402
2,732
2,923
4,072
326
167
3,580
410
1,349
290
353
706

25,863
13,365
12,498
26,947
3,145
9,845
13,957
9,487
305
1,728
7,453
11,306
13,760
6,603
3,957
3,199

14,384
6,897
7,487
18,557
2,217
5,216
11,124
6,908
208
1,053
5,647
7,348
9,203
4,756
2,103
2,344

3,266
1,733
1,533
3,240
410
1,305
1,525
962
33
245
684
1,613
1,939
960
549
430

8,213
4,734
3,478
5,150
518
3,323
1,308
1,617
65
430
1,122
2,344
2,617
887
1,305
425

42.2
44.1
40.2
37.8
39.6
38.9
36.5
34.0
26.9
42.1
33.2
41.2
39.9
40.3
42.9
36.1

45.0
45.8
44.1
42.6
42.3
45.6
40.6
42.5
43.6
45.1
41.8
43.3
43.3
42.2
46.3
41.8

58,038

2,765

4,234

51,039

29,376

6,894

14,769

42.0

45.0

15,908
8,552
7,356
12,293
1,849
6,922
3,522
6,159
31
1,660
4,468
11,459
12,219
4,412
4,187
3,620

295
136
159
367
39
213
115
545
6
43
496
745
813
191
229
393

736
254
483
1,185
99
703
383
1,112
11
112
989
295
906
111
235
559

14,877
8,163
6,714
10,741
1,711
6,006
3,024
4,502
14
1,505
2,983
10,419
10,500
4,110
3,722
2,668

7,081
3,581
3,501
5,792
1,114
2,578
2,101
3,116
9
889
2,218
6,697
6,690
2,808
1,958
1,924

1,877
1,054
823
1,515
240
842
433
497
1
217
280
1,496
1,509
632
515
362

5,918
3,528
2,391
3,433
357
2,586
491
888
4
399
485
2,227
2,302
670
1,249
383

45.1
46.2
43.7
42.3
41.7
44.0
39.2
37.1
(2)
43.1
35.0
41.5
40.8
41.6
43.7
36.4

46.8
47.5
46.1
45.5
43.4
47.7
42.4
43.5
(2)
45.5
42.4
43.5
44.0
42.9
46.5
42.0

49,619

2,963

10,333

36,323

27,024

4,127

5,172

35.8

41.4

13,264
5,791
7,473
22,192
1,776
6,461
13,956
9,023
725
296
8,002
1,069
4,071
2,922
386
762

336
93
243
1,114
39
592
483
1,077
119
17
941
68
369
250
34
85

1,942
496
1,446
4,872
302
2,029
2,541
2,960
315
55
2,591
115
443
179
118
146

10,986
5,202
5,784
16,207
1,434
3,839
10,933
4,985
292
223
4,470
886
3,259
2,493
235
531

7,303
3,317
3,986
12,765
1,103
2,639
9,023
3,791
199
164
3,429
651
2,513
1,948
145
420

1,389
679
710
1,725
170
463
1,092
465
32
28
405
118
430
328
34
68

2,294
1,207
1,088
1,716
161
737
818
729
61
31
636
117
316
217
56
43

38.7
41.1
36.8
35.2
37.4
33.4
35.8
31.9
26.8
36.3
32.2
38.1
37.4
38.4
34.9
34.6

42.5
43.3
41.9
40.7
41.0
42.3
40.1
41.6
43.4
42.0
41.4
41.5
41.0
40.9
44.0
40.5

Data not shown where base is less than 35,000.

203

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
35. Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Age

Total
Reason and sex
1990

1991

16 to 19
years

20 to 24
years

25 to 59
years

1990

1991

1990

1991

60 years
and over

1990

1991

1990

1991

TOTAL
63,262

Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Job-market factors
Personal factors
Other reasons1

6,385

6,458

3,956

4,147

20,846

21,241

32,075

32,616

58,737

5,235

5,322

3,181

3,319

17,892

18,141

31,482

31,956

6,658
4,973
23,626
18,429
4,102

Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity

64,462

57,789

Total not in labor force

6,805
4,994
23,173
19,282
4,483

4,178
42

4,224
42
342

1,579
123

1,631
113

1,112

1,149

880
2,663
11,336
442
2,571

935
2,751
11,198
422
2,834

21
2,145
10,831
17,987
497

15
2,088
10,484
18,859
509

367

426

5,473

5,726

2,955

3,100

593

660

829
283
55
228
114
76
38
149

276
646
887
495
348
148
650

264
718
872
612
456
156
634

3
193
42
147
66
81
209

6
183
52
195
93
102
224

348
714
667
1,136

1,411
911
1,207
855
540
315
1,090

1,417
978
1,208
1,025
693
332
1,097

1,150
855
22
62
95
45
50
116

21,417

22,141

3,081

3,158

1,356

1,442

4,399

4,671

12,581

12,870

Do not want a job now
Current activity
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity

19,449

20,025

2,509

2,574

1,091

1,157

3,537

3,732

12,312

12,563

3,269
2,569
459
11,059
2,094

3,378
2,563
415
11,411
2,258

2,107
26
16

2,158
28
26

812
65
29

839
64
28

360

362

184

226

343
1,479
186
315
1,214

377
1,536
175
301
1,343

7
999
227
10,743
336

4
936
186
11,111
326

Want a job now
Reason for not looking
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

1,968

2,116

572

584

265

286

861

939

269

307

691
455
367
455

710
495
435
475

454
12
50
56

466
8
60
49

139
22
59
45

146
33
53
54

96
342
191
232

96
372
231
241

1
79
67
122

2
82
91
131

41,845

42,321

3,304

3,300

2,600

2,705

16,448

16,570

19,494

19,747

38,340

38,712

2,726

2,748

2,090

2,162

14,354

14,409

19,170

19,393

3,390
2,404
23,167
7,371
2,008

3,426
2,431
22,759
7,870
2,226

2,071
16

2,066
14

767
58

792
49

331

316

1,082

1,121

538
1,184
11,149
126
1,357

14
1,146
10,604
7,244
161

11
1,152
10,298
7,749
183

308

351

183

558
1,215
11,023
121
1,491

200

3,505

3,610

2,093

2,161

324

353

578
400
10
62
45
60

552
398
14
55
45
41

510
138
28
215
59
70

543
136
22
228
61
95

180
304
887
304
418

169
346
872
381
393

2
113
42
80
87

4
101
52
104
93

in the weighting

patters

865
22
55
105
68
37
90

775
277
50
215
119
82
37
115

Men
Total not in labor force

Women
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons

720
456
1,207
488
635

707
483
1,208
590
622

1
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of
"home responsibilities."
NOTE: Detail in tables 35 and 36 may not add to not-in-labor-force

204




totals because of differences
aggregating these data.

used in

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
36. Persons not in the labor force by reason, race, Hispanic origin, age, and sex
(In thousands)
Age

Total
Reason, race, and Hispanic origin
1990

1991

25 to 59
years

16 to 24
years
1990

Sex

1991

1990

1991

60 years
and over
1990

Women

Men

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

WHITE

Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

53,237 54,025

7,694

7,817 16,969 17,166 28,574 29,042 17,785 18,358 35,453 35,667

49,282 49,917

6,384

6,460 14,814 14,963 28,084 28,495 16,359 16,827 32,923 33,091

5,046
5,078
3,827
3,832
20,632 20,188
16,498 17,297
3,278
3,522

4,365
118

4,384
118

1,136

1,151

764

Total not in labor force

807
1,371
813
58
195
133
172

3,932

18
682
13
2,060 1,700 1,654
9,594 9,806 9,443
381 16,104 16,916
2,247
456
469

2,153

4,113

664
2,008
9,690
394
2,058

2,195

487

547

1,406

1,529

2,526

2,584

188
477
672
321
495

170
525
640
395
466

1
146
36
124
179

4
141
42
163
198

470
342

496
385

246
348

291
357

479
337
879
343
489

490
340
877
399
478

2,461
2,523 2,585 2,556
1,997 2,003 1,829 1,830
340
287 20,292 19,901
9,933 10,272 6,565 7,025
1,627 1,742 1,651
1,780

948
679
879
589
836

986
724
877
690
836

1,292
759
55
171
144
163

7,808

8,074

2,077

2,149

2,891

3,036

2,839

2,888

2,859

2,963

4,948

5,110

Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity

6,491

6,723

1,527

1,641

2,221

2,292

2,744

2,790

2,398

2,488

4,093

4,235

1,101
1,018
2,185
1,545
643

1,194
1,030
2,168
1,574
757

1,001
42

1,059
30

258

283

97
571
1,125
39
389

132
603
1,066
33
457

3
405
801
1,505
29

2
397
819
1,541
31

535
497
105
892
368

563
494
104
916
411

566
520
2,079
653
275

631
536
2,064
658
346

226

269

Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

1,316

1,351

670

745

96

98

461

476

855

875

508
277
17
83
75
56

67
146
191
140
127

73
170
191
179
131

1
43
6
19
27

2
39
9
27
21

172
100

164
95

97
92

121
95

212
105
295
122
121

188
131
283
159
113

BLACK
Total not in labor force

384
204
295
219
214

352
227
283
280
208

551
316
15
99
61
60

4,721

5,008

1,245

1,342

2,219

2,354

1,257

1,312

1,332

1,455

3,389

3,553

4,116

4,332

1,022

1,087

1,851

1,971

1,243

1,273

1,138

1,231

2,978

3,101

637
408
2,112
666
292

673
448
2,152
700
359

563
27

587
29

335

350

71
257
1,325
17
182

85
285
1,365
13
222

3
125
452
649
14

1
134
437
686
15

284
224
52
427
151

313
248
37
429
204

353
184
2,060
239
142

360
200
2,115
271
155

96

121

611

662

354

370

33

35

188

212

422

449

223
110
10
36
41
26

257
128
14
57
28
30

27
62
130
69
67

24
77
116
85
68

61
47

61
53

40
39

53
45

75
40
169
79
58

92
48
174
73
63

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

137
88
169
120
98

152
101
174
126
108

1
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of
"home responsibilities."
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not




sum to totals because data for the other races are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

205

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
37. Persons not in the labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by reason, sex, age, race, and Hispanic
origin
(In thousands)

1991
Age

Reason and sex

Total

16 to 19
years

20 to 24
years

Race and Hispanic origin

25 to 59
years

60 years
and over

White

Black

Hispanic
origin

TOTAL
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap

122
145
65

13
18

Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available

414
279

50
18

58
44
24

41

85
8
9

97
89
47

20
40
16

10
21
5

51
25

277
179

36
57

244
212

151
53

65
26

10
7
3

1
14
2

13
21
15

34
2
4

43
23
20

13
17
3

187
123

28
12

21
14

117
65

21
31

113
92

65
24

31
11

Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap

64
101
41

3
11
3

13
7

10
71
26

51
6
5

54
67
26

7
23
13

4
16
4

Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available

227
156

21
6

30
11

161
113

16
26

131
121

86
30

34
16

1
27

23
92

Men
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available
Women

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not

206



presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
38. Work-seeking intentions of persons not in the labor force and work history of those who intend to seek work within the
next 12 months by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)

Work-seeking intentions, work history, and sex

1990

1991

Race

Age

Total

16 to 24
years
1990

1991

25 to 59
years

1990

1991

60 years
and over
1990

1991

White

1990

1991

Black
1990

1991

TOTAL
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during the previous 12 months ...

54,057 55,046
9,205 9,416
1,500
1,481
1,064
1,039
2,052 2,253
4,633 4,599

5,722
4,619
1,306
49
589
2,674

6,037 16,840 17,017 31,495 31,993 46,122 46,781
624 7,091
7,250
580
4,569 4,006 4,224
999
957
6
4
171
181
1,314
111
187
187
804
46
750
831
1,705
189 1,582
168
653 1,295
1,411
3,769
242 3,801
221
1,801
2,555 1,737

6,086
1,722
421
253
398
650

6,346
1,727
397
245
449
636

17,900 18,496
3,517 3,645
665
680
236
224
690
618
1,995 2,054

2,255
2,182
642
7
203
1,330

2,415
2,185
631
14
225
1,315

3,525 12,302 12,556 15,077 15,562
279
1,146
313 2,689 2,794
447
1
33
438
1
157
75
143
150
78
518
106
81
359
479
129 1,622 1,672
123
610

2,205
654
193
62
113
287

2,315
648
167
65
134
283

36,157 36,550
5,688 5,771
835
801
828
816
1,434 1,563
2,637 2,545

3,467
2,437
664
42
386
1,344

3,622 13,497 13,492 19,193 19,436 31,046 31,219
2,383 2,950 3,078
310 4,403 4,456
301
147
683
552
519
5
3
134
32
619
109
112
688
661
601
87
1,052
961
428
83 1,104 1,187
98
1,241
113 2,179 2,097
1,191
1,195

3,881
1,068
228
191
285
363

4,031
1,079
230
181
315
354

Men
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during the previous 12 months ...

3,343
1,056
37
143
334
542

Women
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during the previous 12 months ...




207

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
39. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total

Black

White

Hispanic origin

Employment status, sex, and age
1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

188,049
124,787
66.4
117,914
3,186
114,728
6,874
5.5
63,262

189,765
125,303
66.0
116,877
3,233
113,644
8,426
6.7
64,462

160,415
107,177
66.8
102,087
2,974
99,113
5,091
4.7
53,237

161,511
107,486
66.6
101,039
3,000
98,038
6,447
6.0
54,025

21,300
13,493
63.3
11,966
140
11,826
1,527
11.3
7,808

21,615
13,542
62.6
11,863
160
11,703
1,679
12.4
8,074

14,297
9,576
67.0
8,808
453
8,354
769
8.0
4,721

14,770
9,762
66.1
8,799
452
8,347
963
9.9
5,008

89,650
68,234
76.1
64,435
2,507
61,928
3,799
5.6
21,417

90,552
68,411
75.5
63,593
2,552
61,041
4,817
7.0
22,141

77,082
59,298
76.9
56,432
2,326
54,106
2,866
4.8
17,785

77,689
59,332
76.4
55,557
2,356
53,201
3,775
6.4
18,358

9,567
6,708
70.1
5,915
122
5,793
793
11.8
2,859

9,717
6,754
69.5
5,880
140
5,740
874
12.9
2,963

7,087
5,755
81.2
5,304
391
4,912
451
7.8
1,332

7,328
5,873
80.1
5,278
398
4,881
595
10.1
1,455

82,704
64,368
77.8
61,198
2,303
58,895
3,170
4.9
18,336

83,806
64,822
77.3
60,714
2,358
58,356
4,109
6.3
18,983

71,482
55,969
78.3
53,576
2,132
51,444
2,393
4.3
15,513

72,285
56,238
77.8
53,005
2,174
50,831
3,233
5.7
16,047

8,502
6,275
73.8
5,621
116
5,505
654
10.4
2,227

8,676
6,364
73.4
5,632
132
5,500
732
11.5
2,311

6,366
5,354
84.1
4,981
365
4,617
373
7.0
1,012

6,590
5,493
83.4
4,989
370
4,619
505
9.2
1,096

98,399
56,554
57.5
53,479
679
52,800
3,075
5.4
41,845

99,214
56,893
57.3
53.284
682
52,602
3,609
6.3
42,321

83,332
47,879
57.5
45,654
647
45,007
2,225
4.6
35,453

83,822
48,154
57.4
45,482
644
44,837
2,672
5.5
35,667

11,733
6,785
57.8
6,051
18
6,033
734
10.8
4,948

11,898
6,788
57.0
5,983
21
5,963
805
11.9
5,110

7,210
3,821
53.0
3,504
62
3,442
317
8.3
3,389

7,442
3,890
52.3
3,521
54
3,467
368
9.5
3,553

91,552
53,010
57.9
50,455
634
49,821
2,555
4.8
38,542

92,584
53,563
57.9
50,535
642
49,893
3,028
5.7
39,021

77,838
44,834
57.6
42,992
603
42,389
1,842
4.1
33,004

78,532
45,282
57.7
43,046
606
42,439
2,237
4.9
33,250

10,649
6,387
60.0
5,772
18
5,755
614
9.6
4,262

10,840
6,433
59.3
5,757
20
5,737
677
10.5
4,406

6,507
3,550
54.6
3,286
57
3,228
264
7.4
2,957

6,722
3,616
53.8
3,308
49
3,259
309
8.5
3,106

13,794
7,410
53.7
6,261
249
6,012
1,149
15.5
6,385

13,376
6,918
51.7
5,628
233
5,395
1,290
18.6
6,458

11,095
6,374
57.5
5,518
239
5,280
856
13.4
4,720

10,694
5,966
55.8
4,989
221
4,768
977
16.4
4,729

2,150
831
38.6
573
7
566
258
31.1
1,319

2,100
744
35.4
474
8
466
270
36.3
1,356

1,424
672
47.2
541
31
509
131
19.5
752

1,458
653
44.7
503
33
470
149
22.9
806

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

208



and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
40. Employment status of civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Total Hispanic origin1

Mexican origin

Puerto Rican origin

Cuban origin

Employment status, sex, and age
1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

14,297
9,576
67.0
8,808
453
8,354
769
8.0
4,721

14,770
9,762
66.1
8,799
452
8,347
963
9.9
5,008

8,742
5,970
68.3
5,478
411
5,067
492
8.2
2,773

8,947
5,984
66.9
5,363
412
4,951
621
10.4
2,963

1,546
859
55.6
780
9
771
79
91
.
687

1,629
930
57.1
822
7
816
108
11.6
699

847
552
65.1
512
5
507
40
7.2
295

849
543
63.9
499
4
494
44
8.1
306

7,087
5,755
81.2
5,304
391
4,912
451
7.8
1,332

7,328
5,873
80.1
5,278
398
4,881
595
10.1
1,455

4,494
3,726
82.9
3,431
357
3,074
295
7.9
768

4,637
3,764
81.2
3,366
361
3,005
398
10.6
873

680
489
71.9
443
8
435
46
9.3
191

703
505
71.8
442
5
437
63
12.4
198

414
310
74.8
288
3
285
21
6.9
104

414
313
75.7
289
4
285
24
7.7
101

6,366
5,354
84.1
4,981
365
4,617
373
7.0
1,012

6,590
5,493
83.4
4,989
370
4,619
505
9.2
1,096

4,005
3,432
85.7
3,193
332
2,860
239
7.0
573

4,135
3,487
84.3
3,155
334
2,820
332
9.5
648

615
465
75.6
426
7
419
39
8.3
150

633
477
75.3
421
5
416
55
11.6
156

394
300
76.1
281
3
277
20
6.6
94

392
302
77.1
281
4
276
22
7.2
90

7,210
3,821
53.0
3,504
62
3,442
317
8.3
3,389

7,442
3,890
52.3
3,521
54
3,467
368
9.5
3,553

4,248
2,244
52.8
2,047
54
1,993
197
8.8
2,005

4,310
2,220
51.5
1,997
51
1,946
223
10.0
2,090

866
370
42.8
337
2
336
33
8.9
495

926
425
45.9
380
1
378
46
10.7
501

433
242
55.9
224
1
223
18
7.5
191

435
229
52.8
210

6,507
3,550
54.6
3,286
57
3,228
264
7.4
2,957

6,722
3,616
53.8
3,308
49
3,259
309
8.5
3,106

3,768
2,053
54.5
1,899
50
1,849
155
7.5
1,715

3,829
2,026
52.9
1,848
45
1,803
178
8.8
1,803

791
346
43.7
317
1
316
29
8.5
446

841
398
47.4
360
1
358
38
9.6
442

410
230
56.1
213
1
212
17
7.4
180

412
221
53.6
202

1,424
672
47.2
541
31
509
131
19.5
752

1,458
653
44.7
503
33
470
149
22.9
806

969
485
50.0
386
29
358
98
20.2
485

982
471
47.9
360
32
327
111
23.6
511

139
48
34.5
37
1
36
11
22.2
91

156
55
35.4
41

43
22
50.3
19

44
19
43.7
16

41
14
25.8
101

19
3
()
21

16
3
()
25

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

209
20
8.6
205

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

202
19
8.6
191

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

1
Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.




2

2

2

Data not shown where base is less than 35,000.

209

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
41. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)
White

Total

Hispanic origin

Black

Category
1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

11,966
5,915
6,051

11,863
5,880
5,983

8,808
5,304
3,504

8,799
5,278
3,521

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women

117,914 116,877 102,087 101,039
64,435 63,593 56,432 55,557
53,479 53,284 45,654 45,482
OCCUPATION

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

30,657
14,839
15,818

31,012
14,954
16,058

27,638
13,539
14,099

27,943
13,629
14,314

1,913
853
1,060

1,939
858
1,081

1,108
577
531

1,148
595
553

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

36,675
3,842
14,191
18,641

36,086
3,794
13,958
18,334

32,135
3,308
12,857
15,970

31,530
3,269
12,581
15,681

3,377
349
912
2,117

3,354
337
926
2,091

2,119
164
751
1,205

2,159
176
770
1,214

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

15,759
782
1,988
12,989

15,986
787
2,071
13,128

12,413
561
1,616
10,236

12,576
596
1,680
10,301

2,728
193
329
2,206

2,755
165
348
2,243

1,771
154
117
1,500

1,788
165
129
1,494

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,641
4,448
5,147
4,046

13,162
4,427
4,808
3,927

12,221
3,983
4,692
3,546

11,799
3,995
4,359
3,445

1,065
362
357
346

1,022
339
352
331

1,160
310
457
393

1,135
309
438
388

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,775
8,071
4,849
4,855
774
4,080

17,172
7,696
4,878
4,597
700
3,898

14,553
6,599
3,999
3,955
655
3,300

14,040
6,223
4,013
3,805
603
3,202

2,675
1,162
748
764
102
663

2,569
1,137
763
668
82
587

2,166
1,124
414
627
126
501

2,063
1,031
413
619
121
498

3,408

3,459

3,127

3,150

208

223

483

504

1,679
1,400
107

1,673
1,442
118

1,516
1,355
103

1,497
1,387
117

111
27
2

124
36

397
55
1

406
46
1

105,715 104,520 90,865
17,740 17,901 14,490
87,975 86,619 76,375
741
1,014
994
86,961 85,625 75,633
8,022
8,760
8,899
226
252
225

89,718
14,606
75,113
746
74,366
8,125
195

11,387
2,646
8,741
240
8,501
434
5

11,259
2,684
8,575
214
8,361
439
5

7,874
979
6,894
179
6,715
468
12

7,882
1,028
6,854
189
6,665
454
11

82,934
4,190
14,962

81,335
4,968
14,736

9,974
753
1,240

9,788
883
1,192

7,357
622
828

7,232
721
846

Farming, forestry, and fishing
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS1
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons
1
Employed persons "with a job but not at work" are distributed
according to whether they usually work full or part time.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not

210




96,113
5,103
16,697

94,382
6,046
16,449

sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are induced in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
42. Employed civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and economic categories
(In thousands)
Total Hispanic
origin1

Mexican origin

1990

1991

1990

1991

8,808
5,304
3,504

8,799
5,278
3,521

5,478
3,431
2,047

5,363
3,366
1,997

780
443
337

822
442
380

512
288
224

499
289
210

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

1,108
577
531

1,148
595
553

553
300
253

558
294
264

122
57
66

147
75
72

119
64
55

125
69
56

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

2,119
164
751
1,205

2,159
176
770
1,214

1,198
93
424
681

1,208
100
424
683

238
19
67
152

263
20
76
166

174
10
68
96

165
12
71
82

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,771
154
117
1,500

1,788
165
129
1,494

1,047
74
62
911

1,014
72
72
870

141
5
23
113

144
2
29
113

73
2
11
61

60
3
8
50

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

1,160
310
457
393

1,135
309
438
388

774
182
332
260

745
189
306
249

101
39
23
39

88
27
24
37

55
17
20
19

64
19
25
.20

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

2,166
1,124
414
627
126
501

2,063
1,031
413
619
121
498

1,475
765
264
445
100
346

1,391
685
276
430
92
339

165
86
41
39
3
36

170
100
34
36
4
32

84
39
18
27
3
24

78
37
16
25
3
21

483

504

430

448

13

10

397
55
1

406
46
1

363
47
1

372
40
1

7,874
979
6,894
179
6,715
468
12

7,882
1,028
6,854
189
6,665
454
11

4,811
618
4,194
92
4,102
248
7

4,712
631
4,082
87
3,995
233
6

743
121
623
6
617
27
1

786
146
640
3
637
29

462
52
410
2
408
44
2

444
44
401
3
398
49
1

7,357
622
828

7,232
721
846

4,541
444
492

4,366
485
512

677
29
75

700
43
80

440
18
54

421
28
49

Category

Puerto Rican
origin
1990

1991

Cuban origin
1990

1991

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women
OCCUPATION

Farming, forestry, and fishing
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS2
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons
1
Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.




2
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work full or part time.

211

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
43. Employed civilians by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)
Total

White

Black

Hispanic origin

Sex and age
1990

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

117,914

116,877

102,087

101,039

11,966

11,863

8,808

8,799

5,628
2,125
3,503
12,233
99,016
84,363
14,653

5,518
2,078
3,440
10,865
85,704
72,453
13,251

4,989
1,910
3,078
10,512
85,538
72,584
12,954

573
187
386
1,344
10,049
8,773
1,276

474
155
319
1,311
10,078
8,779
1,299

541
171
369
1,347
6,920
6,230
690

503
143
360
1,304
6,992
6,282
710

64,435

63,593

56,432

55,557

5,915

5,880

5,304

5,278

2,879
1,092
1,787
6,421
54,293
45,981
8,312

2,856
1,081
1,775
5,726
47,850
40,197
7,654

2,552
982
1,570
5,522
47,483
40,057
7,425

294
95
198
679
4,942
4,293
649

247
82
165
675
4,957
4,293
664

322
100
222
846
4,136
3,734
402

290
77
212
830
4,158
3,746
412

53,479

53,284

45,654

45,482

6,051

5,983

3,504

3,521

3,024
1,122
1,903
5,997
44,458
38,068
6,390

Men, 16 years and over

1991

3,237
1,207
2,030
6,625
54,573
46,071
8,502

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

1990

6,261
2,328
3,933
12,622
99,031
84,139
14,892

Total, 16 years and over....

1991

2,749
1,033
1,716
5,812
44,723
38,383
6,340

2,662
998
1,665
5,139
37,853
32,256
5,597

2,436
928
1,508
4,990
38,055
32,526
5,529

279
91
188
666
5,107
4,480
627

227
72
154
636
5,121
4,485
635

218
71
147
501
2,785
2,496
289

213
66
148
474
2,834
2,536
298

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

1990

1991

1990

1991

and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

44. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Civilian workers)
Black

White

Total

Hispanic origin

Sex and age
1990
Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

212



1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

5.5

6.7

4.7

6.0

11.3

12.4

8.0

9.9

15.5
17.8
14.1
8.8
4.4
4.5
3.3

18.6
20.9
17.2
10.8
5.4
5.7
3.9

13.4
15.7
12.0
7.2
3.8
3.9
3.1

16.4
18.8
14.8
9.2
4.9
5.1
3.8

31.1
36.7
28.0
19.9
8.5
9.0
4.7

36.3
39.5
34.6
21.6
9.4
10.1
4.6

19.5
24.5
17.0
9.1
6.8
6.9
5.6

22.9
31.9
18.6
11.6
8.4
8.6
6.5

5.6

7.0

4.8

6.4

11.8

12.9

7.8

10.1

16.3
18.3
15.0
9.1
4.4
4.5
3.6

19.8
21.6
18.6
11.7
5.7
5.9
4.3

14.2
15.9
13.1
7.6
3.9
3.9
3.4

17.5
19.4
16.3
10.2
5.2
5.4
4.2

32.1
38.9
28.2
20.2
8.9
9.4
5.3

36.5
39.0
35.2
22.4
9.8
10.4
5.2

19.6
24.0
17.4
8.3
6.7
6.7
6.4

23.7
33.8
19.2
11.6
8.7
8.8
8.0

5.4

6.3

4.6

5.5

10.8

11.9

8.3

9.5

14.7
17.3
13.0
8.5
4.3
4.5
2.8

17.4
20.1
15.8
9.8
5.1
5.4
3.4

12.6
15.4
10.8
6.8
3.7
3.9
2.7

15.2
18.1
13.3
8.0
4.5
4.7
3.2

30.0
34.2
27.8
19.7
8.1
8.7
4.2

36.1
40.1
34.0
20.7
9.1
9.7
3.9

19.5
25.3
16.3
10.4
6.9
7.2
4.5

21.9
29.6
17.8
11.7
8.0
8.4
4.5

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
45. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Hispanic origin

Black

White

Total
Weeks of unemployment
1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

6,874
3,169
2,201
1,504
809
695

8,426
3,380
2,724
2,323
1,225
1,098

5,091
2,398
1,605
1,087
602
485

6,447
2,602
2,092
1,753
936
817

1,527
654
512
360
176
184

1,679
658
530
491
244
248

769
387
238
144
83
60

963
425
309
229
128
101

12.1
5.4

13.8
6.9

11.7
5.1

13.5
6.8

13.3
6.1

15.1
7.4

10.4
4.5

12.1
6.0

100.0
46.1
32.0
21.9
11.8
10.1

100.0
40.1
32.3
27.6
14.5
13.0

100.0
47.1
31.5
21.4
11.8
9.5

100.0
40.4
32.5
27.2
14.5
12.7

100.0
42.9
33.5
23.6
11.5
12.1

100.0
39.2
31.5
29.3
14.5
14.7

100.0
50.3
31.0
18.7
10.9
7.8

100.0
44.1
32.0
23.8
13.3
10.5

DURATION
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

46. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
White

Total

Hispanic origin

Black

Reasons for unemployment
1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

6,874
3,322
1,018
2,305
1,014
1,883
654

8,426
4,608
1,279
3,329
979
2,087
753

5,091
2,534
845
1,689
787
1,346
423

6,447
3,614
1,083
2,531
795
1,528
510

1,527
678
145
533
187
461
201

1,679
853
166
687
152
470
203

769
408
93
315
102
168
91

963
570
119
451
92
194
107

100.0
48.3
14.8
33.5
14.8
27.4
9.5

100.0
54.7
15.2
39.5
11.6
24.8
8.9

100.0
49.8
16.6
33.2
15.5
26.4
8.3

100.0
56.1
16.8
39.3
12.3
23.7
7.9

100.0
44.4
9.5
34.9
12.2
30.2
13.2

100.0
50.8
9.9
40.9
9.1
28.0
12.1

100.0
53.0
12.1
40.9
13.2
21.9
11.9

100.0
59.2
12.3
46.8
9.6
20.1
11.1

2.7
.8
1.5
.5

3.7
.8
1.7
.6

2.4
.7
1.3
.4

3.4
.7
1.4
.5

5.0
1.4
3.4
1.5

6.3
1.1
3.5
1.5

4.3
1.1
1.8
1.0

5.8
.9
2.0
1.1

1990

1991

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total, 16 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented




and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

213

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
47. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Total

Veteran status
and age
1990

Employed

Unemployed
Percent of
labor force

Number

1991
1990

1991

1990

1991
1990

1991

1990

1991

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 35 years and over
35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 years and over

7,636
6,512
1,419
3,291
1,803
1,124

7,778
6,458
1,161
3,088
2,209
1,321

6,952
6,155
1,332
3,134
1,689
796

7,046
6,082
1,086
2,918
2,078
964

6,671
5,901
1,261
3,015
1,626
770

6,698
5,767
999
2,774
1,994
930

281
254
72
119
64
26

348
314
86
144
84
34

4.0
4.1
5.4
3.8
3.8
3.3

4.9
5.2
7.9
4.9
4.1
3.5

17,310
7,944
5,164
4,202

18,361
8,376
5,768
4,216

16,218
7,551
4,810
3,857

17,175
7,922
5,395
3,858

15,579
7,257
4,627
3,696

16,276
7,486
5,132
3,658

639
294
183
161

899
436
263
200

3.9
3.9
3.8
4.2

5.2
5.5
4.9
5.2

NONVETERANS
Total, 35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data

214




are limited to those 35 to 49 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
48. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Veterans
Employment status and age

Black

White

1990

Nonveterans
Hispanic origin

1991

1990

1991

White

1990

1991

5,851
5,562
5,356
206
3.7

5,757
5,464
5,203
261
4.8

558
499
458
41
8.2

594
521
473
48
9.1

243
225
214
11
4.9

253 14,747 15,699
234 13,962 14,827
225 13,482 14,120
9
707
480
3.8
4.8
3.4

1,227
1,167
1,114
53
4.6

976
926
858
68
7.4

169
145
128
16
11.1

164
141
124
16
11.7

66
62
59
3
4.5

50
47
44
3
7.2

6,847
6,573
6,348
225
3.4

2,989
2,858
2,760
98
3.4

2,787
2,654
2,531
123
4.7

252
228
210
18
7.9

258
225
207
18
8.1

117
107
101
6
5.6

125
112
108
4
3.4

1,635
1,536
1,482
55
3.6

1,994
1,884
1,815
69
3.7

137
126
119
7
5.4

171
155
142
13
8.3

60
56
53
2
4.1

77
74
73
2
2.2

1990

1991

Black

Hispanic origin

1990

1991

1990

1991

1,761
1,532
1,408
124
8.1

1,837
1,595
1,442
153
9.6

1,592
1,449
1,346
102
7.1

1,675
1,524
1,384
140
9.2

7,235
6,903
6,554
349
5.1

763
677
620
57
8.5

799
707
635
72
10.2

698
652
608
44
6.8

769
706
643
63
8.9

4,375
4,114
3,979
135
3.3

4,914
4,636
4,428
207
4.5

550
475
438
37
7.7

590
512
470
42
8.3

484
441
413
29
6.5

548
497
451
46
9.2

3,525
3,275
3,154
120
3.7

3,551
3,288
3,138
150
4.6

448
380
350
30
8.0

447
376
338
38
10.2

410
355
325
29
8.3

358
321
290
31
9.6

Total, 35 to 49 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
35 to 39 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
40 to 44 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
45 to 49 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men
who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data are limited
to those 35 to 49 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds




to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population. Detail for the above
race and Hispanic-origin groups will not to totals because data for the
"other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both
the white and black population groups.

215

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
49. Unemployment in families by type of family, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family
members
(Numbers in thousands)

1991

1990
With unemployment:

With unemployment:

Percent of families:
Type of family, race, and Hispanic origin

Total
families

Total

Percent of families:

With at
Total
With no With at
least one families
employed least one
person in
person employed
family
person in
in
employed
family
family
full time

Total

With at
With no With at
least one
employed least one
person in
person employed
family
person in
in
employed
family
family
full time

TOTAL
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of

65,480
age

31,856
51,365

age

23,928
11,154

age

6,711
2,961
1,217

age

5,006
2,825

3,391
1,949
1,308
770
308
105

28.1
32.2
17.7
17.3
52.6
65.8
39.3
61.9

71.9
67.8
82.3
82.7
47.4
34.2
60.7
38.1

64.4
60.7
74.6
75.0
40.0
28.1
55.5
35.2

66,045
32,101
51,518

24.7
27.6
17.6
17.3
48.7
61.8
37.6
59.5

75.3
72.4
82.4
82.7
51.3
38.2
62.4
40.5

67.5
64.6
74.5
74.6
43.1
30.5
57.5
36.7

56,433
26,515
46,392

971

119

59.2
51.9
81.9
83.5
42.2
28.7
53.6

52.9
47.0
75.5
78.3
35.8
24.1
47.8

7,493
4,339
3,510

1,143
685
472

1,808
3,472
2,315

511
216

282
589
373
83
30

4,992
3,199
3,343
2,203

463
479
343

23,886

11,528
6,978
2,999
1,238

6,006
3,341
4,147
2,340

1,458
845
401
155

29.3
33.7
19.5
19.8
53.4
66.4
43.1
65.2

70.7
66.3
80.5
80.2
46.6
33.6
56.9
34.8

63.1
59.1
72.7
72.3
39.2
27.9
50.4
31.0

26.4
29.6
19.7
20.0
49.0
62.3
42.4
63.9

73.6
70.4
80.3
80.0
51.0
37.7
57.6
36.1

65.8
62.9
72.4
71.9
43.1
31.7
51.3
31.9

41.6
49.1
17.8
17.7
59.8
71.3
47.0

58.4
50.9
82.2
82.3
40.2
28.7
53.0

51.6
45.3
75.2
75.6
33.6
23.3
44.6

O

O

O

30.6
35.0
25.1
27.0
48.0
58.9
31.2

69.4
65.0
74.9
73.0
52.0
41.1
68.8

63.4
59.6
68.9
66.9
46.1
36.8
63.6

White
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of

age

56,018
26,375
46,233

age

21,109

3,752
2,077
2,816
1,593

age

4,301
2,336

711
406
225

age

966

78

7,405
4,262
3,546
1,845
3,360
2,212
498
205

1,067
635
436
267
562
345
69
23

40.8
48.1
18.1
16.5
57.8
71.3
46.4

O

O

28.0
31.1
20.1
20.7
47.2
57.0
31.5

72.0
68.9
79.9
79.3
52.8
43.0
68.5

7,448

21,089
7,691
4,456
2,350

4,642
2,527
3,517
1,961
823
447
302

Black
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of

age
age
age
age

O

Hispanic origin
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of
1

4,871

578

age

3,092
3,325

age

2,158

379
380
270
145
93
54
16

1,160
age

795
386

age

139

Data not shown where base is less than 35,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not

216



O

64.2
60.7
71.8
70.8
45.1
34.4
63.0

0

1,228

839
421
157

708

152
95
77
25

O

O

O

sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
50. Unemployed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family members
(Numbers in thousands)

1990
Percent of unemployed:
Family relationship, race, and Hispanic origin
Total

With no
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

Percent of unemployed:

With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time

Total

With no
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time

TOTAL
1

Total unemployed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

5,528
1,298
781
1,093
689
1,326

29.5
33.7
37.9
14.9
12.9
9.5

70.5
66.3
62.1
85.1
87.1
90.5

63.2
52.7
47.4
80.8
83.3
86.2

6,708
1,677
1,008
1,307
807
1,618

30.9
35.3
39.9
17.5
15.9
10.6

69.1
64.7
60.1
82.5
84.1

61.5
52.1
46.2
77.5
79.5
84.7

568
475
902
130
66
211

84.4
92.4
31.5
63.2
89.3
26.2

15.6
7.6
68.5
36.8
10.7
73.8

10.0
3.9
59.9
32.2
7.3
68.4

649
539
1,007
200
110
249

83.9
91.5
33.3
65.6
87.7
28.5

16.1
8.5
66.7
34.4
12.3
71.5

10.8
4.8
57.7
27.4
8.3
65.7

4,076
1,083
634

1,052

26.3
33.9
38.6
14.1
11.9
9.2

73.7
66.1
61.4
85.9
88.1
90.8

66.1
51.4
45.2
82.0
84.8
86.9

5,114
1,448
844
1,116
680
1,314

28.1
35.9
40.9
17.0
15.2
10.3

71.9
64.1
59.1
83.0
84.8
89.7

64.3
51.1
44.7
78.2
80.5
85.3

298
240
471
96
49
154

79.6
90.4
30.1
61.8
88.2
24.6

20.4
9.6
69.9
38.2
11.8
75.4

13.5
4.6
61.0
33.7
8.1
70.7

351
277
552
153
84
180

78.7
89.3
30.5
65.1
87.4
26.1

21.3
10.7
69.5
34.9
12.6
73.9

14.7
6.2
60.6
27.0
8.0
69.0

1,243
160
112
121
86
221

40.1
32.6
33.5
18.4
17.1
10.6

59.9
67.4
66.5
81.6
82.9

53.5
59.6
58.6
76.6
78.5
83.8

1,348
169
121
142
94
242

41.6
29.6
32.3
19.4
19.8
11.4

58.4
70.4
67.7
80.6
80.2
88.6

51.3
60.4
57.9
75.1
75.0
82.2

257
224
409

90.0
94.7
33.0

10.0
5.3
67.0

5.9
2.9
58.8

90.6
94.1
37.1

48

32.1

67.9

61.1

278
246
422
39
22
57

68.2
(2)
37.7

9.4
5.9
62.9
31.8
(2)
62.3

54.1
27.6
(2)
52.4

637
159
121
118
87
144

29.2
39.5
43.6
13.7
13.1
8.3

70.8
60.5
56.4
86.3
86.9
91.7

62.8
48.3
43.6
81.1
82.0
84.3

798
220
169
143
102
178

32.6
43.0
48.2
21.4
21.3
11.9

67.4
57.0
51.8
78.6
78.7
88.1

61.4
48.6
43.3
72.2
73.5
84.4

59
50
95
25
10
38

79.9
86.0
29.2

20.1
14.0
70.8

14.4
8.8
61.8

21.4
15.8

73.8

66.8
47.5
(2)
76.7

61.4
42.8
(2)

80.9

72.0
80.4
33.2
52.5
(2)
23.3

28.0
19.6

19.1

69
55
98
35
16
55

White
1

Total unemployed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

923
569

Black
Total unemployed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

28

14

5.6
3.1

Hispanic origin
Total unemployed in families1

Husbands
With children under 18 years of age

Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men
1

Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in married-couple
families where the husband or wife is in the Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated
subfamilies. Estimates for husbands, wives, and women who maintain families are
somewhat different from marital status estimates shown in other tables in this
publication because of differences in definitions and weighting patterns used in




71.8

aggregating the data.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 35,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

217

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
51. Employed civilians by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family members
(Numbers in thousands)
1990

1991

Percent of employed:
Family relationship, race, and Hispanic origin
Total

With no
other
employed
person in
family

With
another
employed
person in
family

Percent of employed:

With
another
person in
family
employed
full time

Total

With no
other
employed
person in
family

With
another
employed
person in
family

With
another
person in
family
employed
full time

TOTAL
1

Total employed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ....

94,312
38,794
22,088
28,912
15,346
11,622

22.3
28.1
30.6
8.9
5.2
7.1

77.7
71.9
69.4
91.1
94.8
92.9

67.5
54.8
49.1
87.1
92.0
89.2

93,142
38,264
21,774
28,913
15,331
11,085

22.8
28.1
30.4
9.8
5.9
7.5

77.2
71.9
69.6
90.2
94.1
92.5

66.8
54.6
49.2
86.1
91.1
88.7

6,357
4,134
4,805
2,194
1,048
1,629

64.0
81.2
23.8
55.9
84.1
16.0

36.0
18.8
76.2
44.1
15.9
84.0

24.9
9.6
67.4
35.5
9.0
79.2

6,457
4,186
4,719
2,113
1,008
1,592

64.9
82.1
24.6
56.7
84.0
18.5

35.1
17.9
75.4
43.3
16.0
81.5

24.0
9.0
66.3
34.1
9.1
75.2

82,030
34,986
19,656
25,801
13,456
10,205

21.5
28.4
31.2
8.5
4.7
7.1

78.5
71.6
68.8
91.5
95.3
92.9

67.9
53.6
47.2
87.6
92.6
89.4

80,943
34,483
19,382
25,824
13,455
9,732

22.0
28.4
31.1
9.5
5.4
7.3

78.0
71.6
68.9
90.5
94.6
92.7

67.1
53.5
47.4
86.4
91.6

4,463
2,878
3,452
1,787
850
1,335

62.2
80.7
24.2
54.2
83.0
14.5

37.8
19.3
75.8
45.8
17.0
85.5

25.8
9.3
66.7
36.6
9.3
80.9

4,538
2,902
3,402
1,693
806
1,269

62.9
81.2
24.8
55.6
83.5
18.0

37.1
18.8
75.2
44.4
16.5
82.0

24.7
8.6
65.7
34.6
9.0
76.1

9,084
2,569
1,593
2,158
1,299
953

29.6
22.7
22.4
13.5
9.8
8.2

70.4
77.3
77.6
86.5
90.2
91.8

63.3
67.8
68.2
82.4
87.1
87.4

8,911
2,507
1,545
2,117
1,280
881

30.5
22.2
21.0
14.3
10.3
9.9

69.5
77.8
79.0
85.7
89.7
90.1

62.1
67.9
68.6
81.2
85.5
85.5

1,710
1,153
1.173
318
161
202

69.7
82.8
23.9
66.7
90.4
26.9

30.3
17.2
76.1
33.3
9.6
73.1

21.6
9.9
68.2
27.9
7.0
67.5

1,727
1,176
1,144
319
164
216

70.7
84.4
24.7
65.7
87.1
27.0

29.3
15.6
75.3
34.3
12.9
73.0

21.5
9.7
66.9
27.6
9.0
64.9

7,109
2,651
1,910
1,690
1,129
1,104

24.5
34.6
37.5
10.1
7.8
6.5

75.5
65.4
62.5
89.9
92.2
93.5

68.1
53.9
50.0
86.3
88.7
89.8

6,980
2,590
1,870
1,666
1,106
1,016

25.7
35.2
38.1
10.8
9.6
6.8

74.3
64.8
61.9
89.2
90.4
93.2

66.1
52.3
48.7
84.8
86.2
89.3

562
382
481
306
114
316

60.3
75.1
20.1
41.1
74.8
6.9

39.7
24.9
79.9
58.9
25.2
93.1

30.4
16.4
71.3
54.5
21.2
89.3

585
391
481
323
120
318

62.2
76.8
20.3
44.7
76.8
8.6

37.8
23.2
79.7
55.3
23.2
91.4

28.3
15.4
71.6
48.6
18.2
84.7

White
1

Total employed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ....
Black
Total employed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ....
Hispanic origin
Total employed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ....

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in married-couple
families where the husband or wife is in the Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated
subfamilies. Estimates for husbands, wives, and women who maintain families are
somewhat different from marital status estimates shown in other tables in this
publication because of differences in definitions and weighting patterns used in

218



aggregating the data.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
52. Median weekly earnings of families by type of family, number of earners, race, and Hispanic
origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Type of family, number of
earners, race, and
Hispanic origin

Number of families

Median weekly earnings

1990

1991

1990

1991

43,759
34,219
12,166
8,994
2,407
764
22,053
19,599
1,751
527
176
7,323
4,983
3,937
1,045
2,340
2,218
1,352
866

43,530
33,930
12,177
8,784
2,636
757
21,753
19,395
1,637
557
163
7,441
5,090
4,045
1,045
2,351
2,159
1,337
822

$653
732
455
520
267
280
880
897
825
557
554
363
288
296
254
607
514
396
778

$669
754
455
532
279
278
911
929
838
589
617
385
306
315
270
622
514
404
736

37,239
30,361
10,856
8,162
2,044
19,505
17,354
5,127
1,751

36,978
30,069
10,851
7,953
2,252
19,218
17,163
5,209
1,701

681
745
473
535
270
892
908
382
539

695
767
474
549
280
922
940
399
529

5,082
2,724
893
527
290
1,831
1,634
1,986
372

5,098
2,735
897
503
312
1,838
1,633
2,003
360

459
601
304
345
243
748
768
314
397

484
625
313
366
272
776
796
339
401

3,624
2,599
1,050
814
164
1,549
1,204
691
334

3,636
2,599
1,102
850
176
1,497
1,158
701
337

496
555
322
356
236
716
727
326
468

495
546
322
355
235
732
757
343
462

TOTAL
1

Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Other family member
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Husband and other family member(s)
Wife and other family member(s)
Other family members only
Families maintained by women
One earner
Householder
Other family member
Two or more earners
Families maintained by men
One earner
Two or more earners
White
Total families with earners1
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women
Families maintained by men
Black
Total families with earners1
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women
Families maintained by men
Hispanic origin
Total families with earners1
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women
Families maintained by men
1
Data exclude families in which there is no wage or
salary earner or in which the husband, wife, or other




person maintaining the family is either self-employed or
in the Armed Forces.

219

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
53. Families with unemployed members and wage and salary workers by type of family and
median weekly earnings
(Numbers in thousands)
Type of family and relationship
of unemployed members to wage
and salary earners

Number of families

Median weekly earnings

1990

1991

2,510

3,037

$489

$490

Husband unemployed
Wife only earner
Wife and other earner(s)
Other eamer(s) only

806
615
126
66

1,060

305
280
518
216

324
302
544
223

Wife unemployed
Husband only earner
Husband and other eamer(s)
Other eamer(s) only

846
696
137
14

976
806
147
23

486
443
782

485
445
743

Other member(s) unemployed
Husband or wife earner
Both husband and wife earners
Other combinations of earners

858
312
510
35

1,002

752
535
912

761
536
926

Families maintained by women1
Householder unemployed
Other member(s) unemployed

596
85
511

626
96
531

307
197
323

341
206
372

Families maintained by men1

173

215

387

381

1

Married-couple families

1
Data exclude families in which there is no wage or
salary earner or in which the husband, wife, or other
person maintaining the family is either self-employed or

220




805
166
89

377
597
27

1990

1991

in the Armed Forces.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 50,000.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
54.

Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)

Median weekly earnings

Characteristic
1990

1991

Total, 16 years and over

85,082

83,525

$415

$430

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over

49,015
6,313
42,702

47,910
5,714
42,197

485
283
514

497
286
525

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over

36,068
5,001
31,066

35,615
4,488
31,127

348
254
370

368
267
388

31,326
18,666
5,007
1,786

30,793
18,726
5,062
1,694

532
363
339
444

558
381
362
448

6,434
4,475
9,468
7,920

6,008
4,110
9,416
7,716

296
271
442
376

299
285
458
395

White
Men
Women

72,637
42,563
30,075

71,176
41,482
29,694

427
497
355

446
509
374

Black
Men
Women

9,642
4,909
4,733

9,498
4,832
4,665

329
360
308

348
374
323

Hispanic origin
Men
Women

6,993
4,410
2,583

6,887
4,332
2,554

307
322
280

315
328
293

1990

1991

SEX AND AGE

FAMILY RELATIONSHIP
Husbands
Wives
Women who maintain families
Men who maintain families
Other persons in families:
Men
Women
All other men1
All other women1
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX

1
The majority of these persons are living alone or with nonrelatives.
Also included are persons in families where the husband, wife, or other
person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and persons in
unrelated subfamilies.




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.

221

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
55. Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)

Median weekly earnings

Characteristic
1990

1991

1990

Total, 16 years and over

18,822

19,261

$119

$125

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over

5,813
3,190
2,623

6,020
3,237
2,783

112
97
144

118
102
150

13,009
3,832
9,177

13,241
3,901
9,340

123
94
144

131
99
151

Husbands
Wives
Women who maintain families
Men who maintain families

1,573
6,851
1,010
116

1,654
6,861
1,081
127

148
148
134
137

153
156
140
147

Other persons in families:
Men
Women
All other men1
All other women1

3,078
3,327
1,046
1,821

3,108
3,381
1,131
1,917

96
92
138
124

101
96
146
128

White
Men
Women

16,483
4,953
11,530

16,805
5,104
11,700

120
111
125

126
117
131

Black
Men
Women

1,774
632
1,143

1,820
670
1,150

111
114
109

119
115
122

Hispanic origin
Men
Women

1,188
459
729

1,306
527
779

124
125
124

130
127
131

1991

SEX AND AGE

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
FAMILY RELATIONSHIP

RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX

1
The majority of these persons are living alone or with nonrelatives.
Also included are persons in families where the husband, wife, or other
person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and persons in
unrelated subfamilies.

222




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
56. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex
(Numbers in thousands)

Both sexes

Women

Occupation
Number
of
workers

Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Administrators and officials, public administration
Administrators, protective services
Financial managers
Personnel and labor relations managers
Purchasing managers
Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations
Administrators, education and related fields
Managers, medicine and health
Managers, properties and real estate
Management-related occupations
Accountants and auditors
Underwriters, and other financial officers
Management analysts
Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists
Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products
Construction inspectors
Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction
Professional specialty
Engineers, architects, and surveyors
Architects
Engineers
Aerospace engineers
Chemical engineers
Civil engineers
Electrical and electronic engineers
Industrial engineers
Mechanical engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Computer systems analysts and scientists
Operations and systems researchers and analysts
Natural scientists
Chemists, except biochemists
Geologists and geodesists
Biological and life scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Physicians
Health assessment and treating occupations
Registered nurses
Pharmacists
Therapists
Inhalation therapists
Physical therapists
Therapists, n.e.c
Physicians' assistants
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Teachers, prekindergarten and kindergarten
Teachers, elementary school
Teachers, secondary school
Teachers, special education
Counselors, educational and vocational
Librarians, archivists, and curators
Librarians
Social scientists and urban planners
Economists
Psychologists
Social, recreation, and religious workers
Social workers
Recreation workers
Clergy
Religious workers, n.e.c
Lawyers and judges
Lawyers

Median
weekly
earnings

Number
of
workers

Median
weekly
earnings

Number
of
workers

Median
weekly
earnings

83,525

$430

47,910

$497

35,615

$368

23,109
11,320
497
50
449
113
110
473
452
186
257
3,335
1,215
678
88
394
148
60
211

627
620
659
683
743
752
784
784
759
683
483
576
580
590
717
592
497
615
630

12,254
6,402
268
43
249
46
71
335
228
68
118
1,588
565
330
58
151
67
56
168

753
758
766

10,854
4,918
230
7
200
66
40
137
223
118
138
1,747
650
348
30
243
81
4
43

527
504
582
(1)
559
712
(1)
589
619
651
422
496
501
490
(1)
540
433

11,789
1,838
78
1,739
105
78
213
531
187
296
842
600
198
398
121
55
85
313
271
1,643
1,170
121
247
63
63
52
57
529
3,246
297
1,344
1,070
252
190
154
141
270
97
135
908
531
77
249
50
397
370

634
835
623
847
888
874
809
871
801
836
785
792
755
671
687
728
651
983
994
626
634
845
563
538
606
482
504
756
540
329
537
592
552
614
521
521
612
732
536
449
466
316
459
399
1,007
1,008

5,853
1,682
63
1,598
96
70
200
488
161
283
542
406
115
292
86
48
50
227
198
255
78
76
63
24
15
15
36
353
914
3
205
514
42
70
31
25
138
50
59
447
180
16
228
22
302
279

5,936
156
14
141
9
8
13
43
26
14
299
194
83
107
35
7
35
85
72
1,388
1,092
45
184
39
48
37
21
176
2,331
294
1,139
556
210
120
122
116
132
47
76
461
351
60
21
28
95
91

559
719

0
953
(1)
841
758
555
685
699
726
878
677
580
630
657
748
851
646
863
898
904
813
887
810
841
823
822
809
726
753
(1)
751
1,021
1,155
703
703
863
610

824
616
605
624
666
704
946
634
490
507
(1)
469
(1)
1,089
1,091

707
732
683
571

625
623
616
630

0)
537

V)
659
510
326
522
543
542
595
515
512
533
(1)
506
419
445
311
817
821

See footnotes at end of table.




223

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
56. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Men

Both sexes

Women

Occupation

Number
o
f
workers

Median
weekly
earnings

Number
o
f
workers

Median
weekly
earnings

Number

o
f
workers

Writers, artists, entertainers, and athletes
Technical writers
Designers
Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist printmakers
Photographers
Editors and reporters
Public relations specialists

1,064
56
319
80
53
205
152

$524
705
512
450
424
593
591

598
29
182
40
41
105
71

$594
1
()
606
1
()
(1)
655
640

466
28
137
40
12
100
81

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Health record technologists and technicians
Radiologic technicians
Licensed practical nurses
Engineering and related technologists and technicians ..
Electrical and electronic technicians
Drafting occupations
Surveying and mapping technicians
Science technicians
Biological technicians
Chemical technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science ....
Airplane pilots and navigators
Computer programmers
Legal assistants

25,141
3,172
1,027
254
53
114
325
857
331
232
58
212
58
85
1,076
71
509
183

39A
508
423
461
338
500
396
523
544
513
489
498
397
546
610
932
662
485

9,363
1,719
202
65
4
34
17
715
293
196
53
156
36
65
646
69
334
28

509
576
496
496
0

15,779
1,453

543
561
520
490
517
0
599
670
933
687
1
()

Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services ....
Insurance sales
Real estate sales
Securities and financial services sales
Advertising and related sales
Sales occupations, other business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats
Sales workers, apparel
Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings
Sales workers, radio, television, hi-fi, and appliances ..
Sales workers, hardware and building supplies
Sales workers, parts
Sales workers, other commodities
Sales counter clerks
Cashiers
Street and door-to-door sales workers

7,873
2,305
1,505
370
329
247
94
465
1,315
2,733
222
156
100
110
164
131
613
103
986
100

413
473
520
513
517
698
488
503
613
263
475
246
382
379
318
316
264
251
218
278

4,556
1,498
855
232
151
166
40
266
1,031
1,168
208
42
64
83
140
120
214
27
204
44

518
549
610
596
642
823
1
()
587
648
330
485
1
()
402
406
334
320
329
O
245
1
()

3,317

14,097
747
426
103
175
640
636
3,465
2,991
450
983
116
71
96
553
634
207
61
53
194
104

365
526
507
553
551
382
383
3!57
359
336
303
322
248
408
296
343
391
392
280
301
367

3,088
325
139
39
122
226
225
52
30
21
103
17
17
37
11
120
44
8
5
43
15

459
650
682
(1)
556
463
464
367
1
()
1
()
378
1
()
O
1
()
1
()
395
1
()
1
()
1
()
1
()
1
()

11,009

Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
General office
Financial records processing
Distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks
Computer equipment operators
Computer operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Secretaries
Typists
Information clerks
Interviewers
Hotel clerks
Transportation ticket and reservation agents
Receptionists
Records processing, except financial
Order clerks
Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping
Library clerks
File clerks
Records clerks
See footnotes at end of table.

224




V)
1
()

825
190
49
80
308
142
39
37
5
57
22
20
430
3
176
156
808
650
138
178
81
54
199
284
1,565

14
114
36
27
24
10
400
76
783
56
422
288
64
54
414
410
3,413
2,961

429
880
99
54
60
542
514
162
53
47
150
89

Median
weekly
earnings
$481
1
()
418
1
()
0
509
538

350
445
409
447
1
()
488
393
459
1
()
1
()
1
()
427
1
()
1
()
533
1
()
609
477
308
361
454
440
488
541
437
406
516
225
1
()
221
1
()
1
()
(1)
1
()
243
230
214
293
348
481
460
511
544
352
353
357
359
338
300
322
254
379
295
333
377
383
1
()
297
349

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
56. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex —Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Both sexes

Men

Women

Occupation

Number
o
f
workers
Financial records processing
Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks
Payroll and timekeeping clerks
Billing clerks
Cost and rate clerks
Duplicating, mail and other office machine operators
Communications equipment operators
Telephone operators
Mail and message distributing
Postal clerks, except mail carriers
Mail carriers, postal service
Mail clerks, except postal service
Messengers
Material recording, scheduling, and distributing clerks, n.e.c.
Dispatchers
Production coordinators
Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks
Stock and inventory clerks
Expediters
Adjusters and investigators
Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators
Investigators and adjusters, except insurance
Eligibility clerks, social welfare
Bill and account collectors
Miscellaneous administrative support occupations
General office clerks
Bank tellers
Data-entry keyers
Statistical clerks
Teachers' aides
Service occupations
Private household
Child care workers
Cleaners and servants
Protective services
Supervisors
Police and detectives
Firefighting and fire prevention
Firefighting
Police and detectives
Police and detectives, public service
Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers .
Correctional institution officers
Guards
Guards and police, except public service
Service occupations, except private household and protective ..
Food preparation and service occupations
Supervisors
Bartenders
Waiters and waitresses
Cooks, except short order
Food counter, fountain, and related occupations
Kitchen workers, food preparation
Waiters' and waitresses' assistants
Miscellaneous food preparation occupations
Health service occupations
Dental assistants
Health aides, except nursing
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants
Cleaning and building service occupations
Supervisors
Maids and housemen
Janitors and cleaners
Personal service occupations
Hairdressers and cosmetologists
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities
Welfare service aides
Child care workers

Median
weekly
earnings

Number
o
f
workers

Median
weekly
earnings

1,631
1,233
151
138
63
56
181
170
789
261
307
139
81
1,536
193
184
490
466
95
1,049
326
491
86
145
2,385
518
318
431
65
214

$349
345
381
344
371
303
371
362
537
574
580
292
346
371
416
489
334
361
372
392
418
387
373
360
333
339
281
330
422
264

156
108
17
12
12
24
23
18
514
139
239
74
62
910
94
89
356
263
37
243
66
124
7
46
393
103
30
64
16
9

$411
398
(1)

8,908
306
147
135
1,818
178
96
214
197
867
486
115
267
559
521

280
164
132
186
489
634
682
608
616
532
595
503
480
304
308

6,784
2,477
199
155
518
992
74
54
136
312
1,504
109
340
1,056
1,999
164
420
1,374
804
268
78
61
181

260
231
303
249
218
240
187
221
211
218
279
322
300
267
283
361
228
292
262
263
278
247
217

Number
o
f
workers

Median
weekly
earnings

394
(1)
(1)

1,475
1,125
133
126
51
32
158
152
275
122
68
65
19
627
99
94
134
203
58
806
260
368
79
99
1,992
416
288
367
49
206

$344
341
371
337
350
(1)
366
364
501
556
547
272
(1)
338
370
403
306
334
334
376
396
370
370
352
324
333
279
324
(1)
264

4,492
14
2
8
1,587
165
90
210
194
745
433
95
218
467
445

330
(1)
(1)
(1)
502
643
685
612
619
550
602
507
491
309
311

4,416
292
145
127
232
13
7
4
3
122
53
20
49
93
76

244
163
133
186
421
(1)

2,892
1,190
81
71
120
579
23
18
93
177
186
4
56
127
1,315
109
101
1,067
201
29
46
4
13

283
248
358
276
281
257
(1)
(1)
204
208
306
(1)
323
298
308
422
274
304
300
(1)
(1)

3,892
1,287
118
84
398
413
50
36
42
135
1,318
105
284
929
684
54
319
307
603
238
32
57
168

01
()
1
()
1
()
1
()

556
582
587
302
361
399
452
573
349
393
(1)
496
582
499
(1)
(1)
399
362

0

0
0

O1
()
1
()
483
547

01
()

285
294

245
219
273
225
205
219
181
(1)
(1)
236
275
320
296
263
239
298
220
251
251
252

0)

245
216

See footnotes at end of table.




225

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
56. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex —Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Men

Both sexes

Women

Occupation
Number

o
f
workers

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Supervisors
Mechanics and repairers, except supervisors
Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics and repairers
Automobile mechanics
Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics
Aircraft engine mechanics
Small engine repairers
Automobile body and related repairers
Heavy equipment mechanics
Industrial machinery repairers
Electrical and electronic equipment repairers
Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment
Data processing equipment repairers
Telephone line installers and repairers
Telephone installers and repairers
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment repairers
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics
Miscellaneous mechanics and repairers
Office machine repairers
Millwrights
Construction trades
Supervisors
Construction trades, except supervisors
Brickmasons and stonemasons
Carpet installers
Carpenters
Drywall installers
Electricians
Electrical power installers and repairers
Painters, construction and maintenance
Plumbers, pipefitters, steamfitters, and apprentices
Concrete and terrazzo finishers
Roofers
Extractive occupations
Precision production occupations
Supervisors
Precision metalworking occupations
Tool and die makers
Machinists
Sheet metal workers
Precision woodworking occupations
Precision textile, apparel, and furnishings machine workers
Precision workers, assorted materials
Optical goods workers
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers
Precision food production occupations
Butchers and meat cutters
Bakers
Precision inspectors, testers, and related workers
Inspectors, testers, and graders
Plant and system operators
Water and sewage treatment plant operators
Stationary engineers

10,642
3,747

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Machine operators and tenders, except precision
Metalworking and plastic working machine operators
Lathe and turning machine operators
Punching and stamping press machine operators
Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators
Metal and plastic processing machine operators
Molding and casting machine operators
Woodworking machine operators
Sawing machine operators
Printing machine operators
Printing machine operators
Typesetters and compositors

14,329
7,003
4,625

See footnotes at end of table.

226




237
3,510
1,418

619
281
128
53
127
161
498
636
141
131
61
194
67
196
738
63
71
3,365

439
2,925

109
51
787
79
602
110
279
350
56
121
140
3,389
1,201

829
137
464
117
62
101
469
55
287
355
238
93
120
112
253
57
103

438
63
102
129
162
107
127
87
384
271
54

Median
weekly
earnings

$483

490
590
484
439
385
471
601
379
402
510
491
591
497
569
629
645
561
471
483
468
551
483
600
467
490
324
425
480
538
61 (5
357
509
452
376
597
469
563
492
620
476
476
311
295
334
346
311
315
323
303
502
511
550
434
562
351
336
324
409
488
358
403
349
313
310
326
415
418
393

Number

o
f
workers

9,762
3,604

214
3,390
1,404

617
281
123
52
126
160
485
574
131
112
57
167
65
196
708
60
68
3,323

435
2,889

109
51
780
78
593
109
269
345
55
121
137
2,698
1,002

796
137
448
113
54
51
204
22
81
255
190
57
98
92
239
54
101
10,801
4,272
2,792

364
58
66
111
127
76
114
79
294
235
19

Median
weekly
earnings

$494

489
589
484
439
385
470
604
382
403
510
495
593
497
594
628
648
559
471
485
464
559
484
598
470
490
324
427
482
541
613
361
509
448
376
602
508
592
498
621
480
483
322
340
401
(1)
357
348
354
334
536
548
554
442
567
387
396
391
435
484
402
433
398
375
311
323
448
438
(1)

Number

o
f
workers

Median
weekly
earnings

880
144
24
120
14
2
_
6
1
1
1
13
62
10
19
4
27
2
_
30
3
3
42
5
37
_
_
7
1
9
2
10
5
1
4
691
199
33
1
17
5
8
50
265
33
206
99
47
36
22
20
14
3
3

$341

3,528
2,731
1,833

273
270
257
294
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
347
(1)
(1)

74
5
37
18
34
31
14
8
90
36
35

506
(1)
489
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
569
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

0
1
()
1
()
1
()
1
()
1
()
1
()
_
_
1
()
1
()
1
()
1
()
1
()
1
()
1
()
1
()

317
412
(1)
(1)
(1)

0

V)

261
303
(1)
300
262
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
56. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Men

Both sexes

Women

Occupation
Number

o
f
workers
Textile, apparel, and furnishings machine operators
Winding and twisting machine operators
Textile sewing machine operators
Pressing machine operators
Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators
Miscellaneous textile machine operators
Machine operators, assorted materials
Packaging and filling machine operators
Mixing and blending machine operators
Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators .
Painting and paint spraying machine operators
Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, exc. food
Slicing and cutting machine operators
Photographic process machine operators
Fabricators, assemblers, and hand working occupations ...
Welders and cutters
Assemblers
Production inspectors, testers, samplers, and weighers
Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners
Production testers
Graders and sorters, except agricultural

Median
weekly
earnings

Number

o
f
workers

1,059
69
604
107
127
73
2,433
404
95
53
175
97
163
67
1,648
499
1,015
730
589
53
79

$233
298
215
235
230
295
349
274
385
498
387
453
320
356
355
424
328
367
380
481
249

244
21
66
42
46
46
1,636
147
87
48
155
89
113
33
1,130
475
570
350
269
40
36

Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Supervisors, motor vehicle operators
Truckdrivers, heavy
Truckdrivers, light
Drivers-sales workers
Bus drivers
Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs
Transportation occupations, except motor vehicles
Rail transportation
Water transportation occupations
Material moving equipment operators
Operating engineers
Crane and tower operators
Excavating and loading machine operators
Grader, dozer, and scraper operators
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators
Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators .

3,943
2,796
68
1,676
490
171

419
407
503
429
319
458

251
107
166
112
55
981
208
78
85
75

378
339
716
773

3,703
2,604
55
1,644
455
164
163
92
164
109
54

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Helpers, construction and extractive occupations
Helpers, construction trades
Construction laborers
Production helpers
Freight, stock, and material handlers
Stock handlers and baggers
Machine feeders and offbearers
Garage and service station related occupations
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners
Hand packers and packagers
Laborers, except construction

3,383
99
91
607
59
1,042
412
71

305
275

Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Farm managers
Other agricultural and related occupations
Farm occupations except managerial
Farm workers
Related agricultural occupations
Supervisors, related agricultural
Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm
Forestry and logging occupations
1

Data not shown where base is less than 50,000.
NOTE: N.E.C. is an abbreviation for "not elsewhere classified" and designates




432
69

577
422
501
518

465
419
379
452

270
356
341
302
248
316

934
206
77
84
74
398
62
2,826
98
89

588
52

136

224

152
229
1,022

247
276
313

864
303
51
130
132
85
841

1,397
66
58
1,253
622
563
631
55
519

263
364
362
258
242
239
276
414
269
314

1,238
56
49
1,108
537
492
572
53
496
60

63

Median
weekly
earnings
$284

(1)
267
(1)
(1)
(1)
392
319
387
(1)
395
461
350
(1)
395
430
375
446
471
(1)
(1)
423

412
501
430
322
463
411
340
717

775
580
424
501
519
467
421
379
477
315

276
271
355
347
314
255
339

228
245
306
327
269
378

O
263
246
243
283
418
271
312

Number

o
f
workers

Median
weekly
earnings

816
48
538
65
80
28
797
257
8
6
21
8
50
33
518
24
445
380
320
13
42

$221
(1)
211
216
219
(1)

240
192
13
32
35
7
87
15
2
2
_
46
2
1
1
1
34

339

284
255
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
256

0
290
(1)
293
305
313
(1)
(1)

328
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
321
(1)
(1)
(1)

7

0
1
()
1
()
1
()
1
()
O
1
()

556
1
1

261
(1)
(1)

20
7

0
0

177
109
20
6
20
143
181

249
224
(1)

159
10
9
145
85
71
59
2
22
3

224
(1)
(1)
221
219
216
225

0)
1
()
263
260

0
0
0

broad categories of occupations which cannot be more specifically identified.

227

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
57. Employed wage and salary workers by age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, full- or part-time status, and union affiliation
(Numbers in thousands)
1991

1990

Age, sex, race, Hispanic origin,
and full- or part-time status

Members of
unions1
Total
employed

Members of
unions1

Represented
by unions2

Total

Percent
of
employed

Total

Percent
of
employed

Total
employed

Total

Percent
of
employed

Represented
by unions2

Total

Percent
of
employed

SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 65 years
65 years and over

103,905
18,337
85,568
30,972
26,411
16,558
9,279
2,348

16,740
1,178
15,562
4,336
5,323
3,685
2,008
209

16.1
6.4
18.2
14.0
20.2
22.3
21.6
8.9

19,058
1,410
17,648
4,991
6,023
4,138
2,254
243

18.3
7.7
20.6
16.1
22.8
25.0
24.3
10.3

102,786
17,340
85,446
30,106
27,056
16,863
9,116
2,305

16,568
1,142
15,426
4,228
5,339
3,743
1,919
198

16.1
6.6
18.1
14.0
19.7
22.2
21.1
8.6

18,734
1,341
17,393
4,824
6,040
4,163
2,138
228

18.2
7.7
20.4
16.0
22.3
24.7
23.5
9.9

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 65 years
65 years and over

54,828
9,503
45,325
16,824
13,797
8,582
4,961
1,162

10,564
771
9,793
2,778
3,278
2,335
1,297
104

19.3
8.1
21.6
16.5
23.8
27.2
26.2
9.0

11,731
900
10,831
3,119
3,605
2,557
1,425
124

21.4
9.5
23.9
18.5
26.1
29.8
28.7
10.7

53,931
8,951
44,980
16,298
14,025
8,680
4,850
1,127

10,430
738
9,692
2,702
3,313
2,334
1,231
113

19.3
8.2
21.5
16.6
23.6
26.9
25.4
10.0

11,494
851
10,644
2,998
3,619
2,547
1,350
129

21.3
9.5
23.7
18.4
25.8
29.3
27.8
11.5

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

49,077
8,834
40,243
14,148
12,614
7,976
4,318
1,186

6,175
407
5,768
1,558
2,044
1,350
711
105

12.6
4.6
14.3
11.0
16.2
16.9
16.5
8.8

7,327
509
6,817
1,872
2,417
1,581
828
119

14.9
5.8
16.9
13.2
19.2
19.8
19.2
10.0

48,856
8,389
40,466
13,808
13,031
8,183
4,266
1,179

6,138
405
5,734
1,526
2,026
1,408
689
85

12.6
4.8
14.2
11.1
15.5
17.2
16.1
7.2

7,240
490
6,750
1,826
2,421
1,616
788
99

14.8
5.8
16.7
13.2
18.6
19.7
18.5
8.4

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

89,120
47,515
41,605

13,798
8,914
4,884

15.5
18.8
11.7

15,669
9,865
5,805

17.6
20.8
14.0

87,981
46,586
41,395

13,587
8,754
4,833

15.4
18.8
11.7

15,331
9,604
5,726

17.4
20.6
13.8

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

11,416
5,541
5,875

2,410
1,350
1,060

21.1
24.4
18.0

2,771
1,523
1,248

24.3
27.5
21.2

11,318
5,502
5,816

2,425
1,355
1,070

21.4
24.6
18.4

2,759
1,524
1,236

24.4
27.7
21.2

8,181
4,869
3,312

1,209
794
415

14.8
16.3
12.5

1,348
876
472

16.5
18.0
14.2

8,193
4,860
3,333

1,275
823
451

15.6
16.9
13.5

1,447
906
541

17.7
18.6
16.2

85,082
18,822

15,422
1,318

18.1
7.0

17,469
1,589

20.5
8.4

83,525
19,261

15,179
1,390

18.2
7.2

17,095
1,639

20.5
8.5

RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX

Hispanic origin, 16 years and over
Men
Women
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS3
Full-time workers
Part-time workers

1
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union.
2
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union as well as workers who report no union affiliation but
whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.
3
The distinction between full- and part-time workers is based on hours
usually worked.

228




NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time
workers. Excluded are self-employed workers whose businesses are
incorporated although they technically qualify as wage and salary workers.
Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics
are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
58. Employed wage and salary workers by occupation, industry, and union affiliation
(Numbers in thousands)
1991

1990
Members of
unions1
Occupation and industry

Total
employed

Total

Percent
of
employed

Represented
by unions2

Total

Percent
of
employed

Members of
unions1
Total
employed

Total

Percent
of
employed

Represented
by unions2

Total

Percent
of
employed

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

25,671
11,805
13,866

3,674
709
2,965

14.3
6.0
21.4

4,572
963
3,609

17.8
8.2
26.0

26,018
11,977
14,041

3,802
762
3,040

14.6
6.4
21.7

4,611
971
3,639

17.7
8.1
25.9

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

33,292
3,744
11,522
18,026

3,462
431
580
2,451

10.4
11.5
5.0
13.6

4,122
535
678
2,909

12.4
14.3
5.9
16.1

32,649
3,696
11,265
17,688

3,395
432
581
2,382

10.4
11.7
5.2
13.5

4,035
527
677
2,832

12.4
14.2
6.0
16.0

Service occupations
Protective service
Service, except protective service

14,400
1,940
12,460

1,989
755
1,235

13.8
38.9
9.9

2,241
840
1,401

15.6
43.3
11.2

14,649
2,065
12,585

2,037
812
1,224

13.9
39.3
9.7

2,261
886
1,375

15.4
42.9
10.9

Precision production, craft and repair

11,616

3,011

25.9

3,227

27.8

11,189

2,899

25.9

3,105

27.8

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,114
7,840
4,484
4,789

4,514
2,124
1,283
1,107

26.4
27.1
28.6
23.1

4,795
2,246
1,376
1,173

28.0
28.6
30.7
24.5

16,492
7,480
4,513
4,499

4,345
2,001
1,282
1,063

26.3
26.8
28.4
23.6

4,619
2,110
1,372
1,138

28.0
28.2
30.4
25.3

1,812

89

4.9

100

5.5

1,790

90

5.0

103

5.7

1,530
84,610
675
5,122

29
10,227
121
1,073

1.9
12.1
18.0
21.0

33
11,336
136
1,137

2.1
13.4
20.2
22.2

1,517
83,294
676
4,624

32
9,909
101
977

2.1
11.9
15.0
21.1

36
10,907
114
1,034

2.4
13.1
16.9
22.4

20,339
12,089
8,249

4,197
2,667
1,531

20.6
22.1
18.6

4,514
2,864
1,650

22.2
23.7
20.0

19,590
11,424
8,166

3,976
2,503
1,472

20.3
21.9
18.0

4,269
2,683
1,586

21.8
23.5
19.4

6,124
3,517
2,608

1,934
1,031
903

31.6
29.3
34.6

2,091
1,093
998

34.1
31.1
38.3

6,082
3,439
2,643

1,895
1,014
881

31.2
29.5
33.3

2,036
1,074
962

33.5
31.2
36.4

21,274
3,993
17,281

1,338
261
1,077

6.3
6.5
6.2

1,493
293
1,200

7.0
7.3
6.9

21,015
4,016
16,999

1,406
282
1,124

6.7
7.0
6.6

1,552
309
1,243

7.4
7.7
7.3

6,835
24,241
17,765

173
1,391
6,484

2.5
5.7
36.5

233
1,731
7,689

3.4
7.1
43.3

6,694
24,613
17,975

161
1,392
6,627

2.4
5.7
36.9

221
1,681
7,791

3.3
6.8
43.3

Farming, forestry, and fishing
INDUSTRY
Agricultural wage and salary workers
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government workers

1
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union.
2
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union as well as workers who report no union affiliation but




whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.
NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time
workers. Excluded are self-employed workers whose businesses are
incorporated although they technically qualify as wage and salary workers.

229

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
59. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and union affiliation
1991

1990
Age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Total

Members
of
unions1

Represented
by
unions2

Nonunion

Total

Members
of
unions1

Represented
by
unions2

Nonunion

SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 65 years
65 years and over

$415
269
450
408
487
488
456
343

$509
348
518
483
538
552
514
493

$507
343
516
479
534
553
514
491

$390
263
420
395
463
453
418
317

$430
278
468
417
499
507
469
381

$526
356
539
496
557
581
534
522

$522
347
535
491
555
580
529
526

$404
272
436
403
479
480
427
348

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

485
283
514
452
563
592
545
402

542
370
556
508
577
590
555
508

541
365
557
506
577
594
557
508

457
274
499
432
552
590
532
380

497
286
525
462
578
614
562
465

568
377
579
520
591
613
579
601

567
368
579
518
592
615
580
607

473
279
508
440
567
612
543
404

348
254
370
357
391
377
348
300

448
312
459
419
487
476
429
478

444
309
456
416
483
474
432
474

326
250
349
345
366
351
324
280

368
267
388
372
408
398
363
319

467
321
477
440
491
499
448
388

462
317
473
432
490
497
445
392

348
263
369
360
389
375
337
306

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

427
497
355

521
557
461

518
557
456

402
477
335

446
509
374

544
581
477

539
581
473

415
488
355

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

329
360
308

440
476
404

434
471
403

302
318
286

348
374
323

461
489
420

452
485
414

314
330
302

Hispanic origin, 16 years and over

307
322
280

425
464
367

422
460
367

288
301
266

315
328
293

439
481
374

438
482
376

295
305
278

55 to 65 years
65 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX

Men
Women

1
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union.
2
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union as well as workers who report no union affiliation but
whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.
NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full-time workers.

230




Excluded are self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated
although they technically qualify as wage and salary workers. Detail for
the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because
data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
60. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation, industry, and union affiliation
1991

1990
Occupation and industry
Total

Represented
by
unions2

Members
of
unions1

Nonunion

Total

Members
of
unions1

Represented
by
unions2

Nonunion

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

$608
604
610

$610
616
609

$608
616
606

$608
603
613

$627
620
634

$634
623
637

$630
636
628

$626
619
637

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

378
493
401
350

466
549
406
460

455
549
406
445

365
484
401
331

394
508
418
365

480
554
413
477

474
556
414
466

382
501
418
347

Service occupations
Protective service
Service, except protective service

268
468
245

418
583
344

412
579
338

241
382
229

280
489
256

448
614
351

437
609
345

253
387
242

Precision production, craft and repair

477

586

582

422

483

598

593

430

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

339
325
413
298

466
441
529
421

460
437
521
418

300
293
368
267

351
336
419
305

480
446
557
450

475
440
547
442

310
304
374
273

Farming, forestry, and fishing

257

373

373

251

263

414

405

256

260
403
565
458

$496
587
653

$493
583
642

259
386
553
407

267
415
596
468

$510
588
679

$506
589
665

264
400
598
412

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

430
463
389

474
487
437

475
488
435

414
449
374

444
478
401

485
501
446

484
501
443

425
464
389

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and public utilities

515
488
570

576
583
565

571
579
562

485
423
580

532
500
586

595
606
583

589
599
580

501
452
591

Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade

319
442
292

410
475
390

406
471
384

313
438
286

334
451
303

416
493
391

413
491
388

326
445
298

428
378
490

410
413
531

408
418
526

430
373
438

449
394
506

463
431
560

454
436
554

448
390
461

INDUSTRY
Agricultural wage and salary workers
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government workers

1
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union.
2
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union as well as workers who report no union affiliation but
whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.




3

Data not shown where base is less than 50,000.
NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full-time workers.
Excluded are self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated
although they technically qualify as wage and salary workers.

231

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
61. Absences from work of employed full-time wage and salary workers by age, sex, marital status, and presence and age
of children
(Numbers in thousands)

1991
Age, sex, marital status,
and presence and age of
youngest child

Lost worktime rate2

1

Absence rate
Total
employed

Total

Illness

Other
reasons

Total

Illness

Other
reasons

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

83,525
1,627
8,575
73,323
64,901
8,422

4.8
5.8
5.1
4.8
4.7
5.1

2.7
2.0
2.5
2.8
2.7
3.3

2.1
3.8
2.7
2.0
2.0
1.8

2.8
2.8
2.7
2.8
2.7
3.1

1.6
1.0
1.3
1.7
1.6
2.2

1.1
1.8
1.4
1.1
1.1
.9

Men, 16 years and over

47,910
961
4,753
42,197
37,235
4,961

3.8
5.2
4.0
3.7
3.6
4.6

2.2
1.3
1.9
2.3
2.2
3.1

1.6
3.9
2.1
1.4
1.4
1.5

2.3
2.5
2.0
2.3
2.2
3.0

1.4
.7
1.1
1.5
1.4
2.2

.8
1.9
.9
.8
.8
.8

31,396
12,832
9,264

3.7
3.9
3.6
3.5

2.3
2.5
2.3
2.0

1.4
1.5
1.3
1.6

2.3
2.5
2.2
2.1

1.5
1.7
1.4
1.2

.8
.8
.8
.9

16,514
15,682
517
315

4.0
3.9
4.6
5.9

2.2
2.1
2.6
4.2

1.8
1.8
2.0
1.6

2.2
2.2
2.8
3.7

1.3
1.3
1.6
2.8

1.2
.9

35,615
666

3.4
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.4
3.6

2.8
3.7
3.4
2.8
2.8
2.3

3.5
3.2
3.6
3.5
3.5
3.2

1.9
1.5
1.6
2.0
1.9
2.1

1.6
1.7
2.0
1.5
1.6
1.0

16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Married men, spouse present3....
With no children under 18 years ...
Youngest child, 6 to 17 years
Youngest child, under 6 years
3

All other men
With no children under 18 years ...
Youngest child, 6 to 17 years
Youngest child, under 6 years

9,300

.9
.9

20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

3,822
31,127
27,666

3,461

6.2
6.7
6.6
6.1
6.2
5.8

Married women, spouse present3
With no children under 18 years ...
Youngest child, 6 to 17 years
Youngest child, under 6 years

19,302
9,658
5,614
4,030

6.5
5.5
6.0
9.6

3.3
3.2
3.2
3.4

3.3
2.3
2.8
6.3

3.8
3.0
3.1
6.8

1.9
1.8
1.9
2.2

1.9
1.2
1.3
4.6

All other women3
With no children under 18 years ...
Youngest child, 6 to 17 years
Youngest child, under 6 years

16,313

5.8
5.4
6.2

3.5
3.3
4.0
4.3

2.3
2.1
2.2
5.6

3.1
2.8
3.2
5.6

1.9
1.9
2.2
2.2

1.1
1.0
.9
3.4

Women, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years

13,013

2,296
1,003

1
Absences refer to work missed due to illnesses or other personal
reasons. Excluded is work missed due to vacation, holiday, labormanagement dispute, or bad weather resulting in an employer
temporarily curtailing business activity. The absence rate is the ratio of
workers with absences to total full-time employment. To be counted as
having had an absence, a person who usually works 35 hours or more

232




10.0

per week must have been at work fewer than 35 hours or have not been
at work at all during the survey reference week.
2
Hours absent as a percent of total hours usually worked.
3
Because of differences in definitions, estimates by marital status in
this table are somewhat different from family relationship estimates
shown in other tables for full-time wage and salary workers.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
62. Absences from work of employed full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and industry
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
1

Occupation and industry

Lost worktime rate2

Absence rate
Total
employed

Total

Illness

Other
reasons

Total

Illness

Other
reasons

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

23,109
11,320
11,789

4.0
3.6
4.4

2.1
2.0
2.1

1.9
1.5
2.3

2.2
1.9
2.5

1.1
1.1
1.1

1.1
.8
1.4

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

25,141
3,172
7,873
14,097

4.9
5.0
3.9
5.5

2.7
2.7
1.9
3.2

2.2
2.3
2.0
2.3

2.6
2.7
2.1
2.9

1.4
1.5
1.0
1.7

1.2
1.2
1.0
1.2

Service occupations
Precision production, craft and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

8,908
10,642
14,329
1,397

5.9
4.3
5.7
4.5

3.2
2.7
3.5
2.2

2.7
1.7
2.2
2.2

3.5
2.6
3.7
2.7

2.1
1.7
2.5
1.6

1.4
.9
1.2
1.1

1,193
67,124
662
4,256

3.7
4.6
4.8
4.9

1.8
2.6
2.4
2.6

1.9
2.0
2.5
2.3

2.5
2.7
4.2
3.0

1.3
1.6
1.9
1.6

1.1
1.1
2.3
1.4

18,684
11,067
7,617

4.6
4.6
4.5

2.9
3.0
2.7

1.7
1.6
1.8

2.7
2.7
2.7

1.8
1.9
1.8

.9
.8
.9

5,507
2,958
2,549

4.6
5.1
4.0

2.7
3.0
2.3

1.9
2.1
1.7

3.3
4.0
2.4

2.0
2.4
1.4

1.3
1.5
1.0

14,087
3,691
10,396

4.3
3.5
4.5

2.1
1.8
2.3

2.1
1.7
2.3

2.3
2.0
2.4

1.3
1.0
1.4

1.0
1.0
1.0

5,907
18,020
15,208

4.2
5.0
5.8

2.3
2.7
3.4

1.8
2.3
2.4

2.2
2.7
3.3

1.2
1.5
1.9

1.0
1.2
1.4

INDUSTRY
Agricultural wage and salary workers
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government workers

1
Absences refer to work missed due to illnesses or other personal
reasons. Excluded is work missed due to vacation, holiday, labormanagement dispute, or bad weather resulting in an employer
temporarily curtailing business activity. The absence rate is the ratio of
workers with absences to total full-time employment. To be counted as




having had an absence, a person who usually works 35 hours or more
per week must have been at work fewer than 35 hours or have not been
at work at all during the survey reference week.
2
Hours absent as a percent of total hours usually worked.

233

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
ANNUAL AVERAGES
63. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan, urban, and rural areas
by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
United States

Metropolitan areas

Employment status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin

Central
cities

Total

1990

1991

Suburbs

1990

1991

1990

1991

147,685
98,957
67.0
92,377
6,580
6.6
48,728

57,508
37,231
64.7
34,731
2,500
6.7
20,277

57,570
37,179
64.6
34,224
2,955
7.9
20,392

88,636
61,237
69.1
58,417
2,820
4.6
27,399

90,115
61,778
68.6
58,154
3,625
5.9
28,336

64,316
50,768
78.9
48.304
2.464
4.9
13,548

65,203
51,157
78.5
47,929
3.228
6.3
14,046

24,881
18,974
76.3
17,786
1,188
6.3
5,907

25,064
19,117
76.3
17,663
1,454
7.6
5,946

39,435
31,794
80.6
30,519
1,276
4.0
7,641

40,139
32,039
79.8
30,266
1,774
5.5
8,100

92,584
53,563
57.9
50,535
3,028
5.7
39,021

71,269
42,071
59.0
40,087
1,984
4.7
29,198

72,252
42,524
58.9
40,163
2,361
5.6
29,728

28,625
16,334
57.1
15,402
932
5.7
12,291

28,565
16,225
56.8
15,148
1,077
6.6
12,340

42,643
25,737
60.4
24,684
1,052
4.1
16,907

43,687
26,298
60.2
25,015
1,283
4.9
17,388

13,794
7,410
53.7
6,261
1,149
15.5
6,385

13,376
6,918
51.7
5,628
1,290
18.6
6,458

10,560
5,629
53.3
4,757
872
15.5
4,931

10,230
5,277
51.6
4,285
992
18.8
4,953

4,002
1,923
48.0
1,543
380
19.8
2,079

3,941
1.836
46.6
1,412
424
23.1
2,105

6,558
3,706
56.5
3,214
492
13.3
2,852

6,289
3,441
54.7
2,873
568
16.5
2,848

160,415
107,177
66.8
102,087
5,091
4.7
53,237

161,511
107,486
66.6
101,039
6,447
6.0
54,025

122,840
83,422
67.9
79,580
3,841
4.6
39,418

123,846
83,722
67.6
78,794
4,928
5.9
40,124

42,618
28,125
66.0
26,657
1,468
5.2
14,493

42,534
28,006
65.8
26,164
1,841
6.6
14,528

80,221
55,297
68.9
52,923
2,374
4.3
24,924

81,312
55,716
68.5
52,629
3,087
5.5
25,596

21,300
13,493
63.3
11,966
1,527
11.3
7,808

21,615
13,542
62.6
11,863
1,679
12.4
8,074

17,764
11,405
64.2
10,128
1,277
11.2
6,359

17,975
11,431
63.6
10,023
1,408
12.3
6,544

12,072
7,346
60.9
6,427
918
12.5
4,726

12,141
7,372
60.7
6,377
995
13.5
4,770

5,692
4,059
71.3
3,700
359
8.8
1,633

5,833
4,059
69.6
3,646
414
10.2
1,774

14,297
9,576
67.0
8,808
769
8.0
4,721

14,770
9,762
66.1
8.799
963
9.9
5,008

13,326
8,909
66.9
8,207
702
7.9
4,417

13,851
9,178
66.3
8,268
910
9.9
4,673

7,541
4,828
64.0
4,428
401
8.3
2,712

7,774
5,000
64.3
4,498
502
10.0
2,774

5,786
4,081
70.5
3,780
301
7.4
1,705

6,078
4,178
68.7
3,770
408
9.8

1990

1991

188,049
124,787
66.4
117,914
6,874
5.5
63,262

189,765
125,303
66.0
116,877
8,426
6.7
64,462

146,144
98,468
67.4
93.148
5,320
5.4
47,677

82,704
64,368
77.8
61,198
3,170
4.9
18,336

83,806
64,822
77.3
60,714
4,109
6.3
18,983

91,552
53,010
57.9
50,455
2,555
4.8
38,542

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

234




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
ANNUAL AVERAGES
63. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan, urban, and rural areas
by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin

Farm

Total
1990

1991

41,905
26,319
62.8
24,766

42,080

1,554
5.9
15,586

1,846
7.0
15,735

18,388
13,600
74.0
12,894
706
5.2
4,788

20,283
10,939

Rural

Urban
areas

Nonmetropolitan areas
Nonfarm
1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

1990

1991

39,269
24,467
62.3

22,952
1,516
6.2

138,228
91,487
66.2
85,145
6,341

50,818
33,505

1,856
42
2.2

39,385
24,448
62.1
22,644
1,804
7.4

137,231

1,898
70.4

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

2,636
1,852
70.3
1,814
38
2.0
784

2,696

798

14,801

14,937

45,948

6.9
46,741

18,603
13,666
73.5
12,785
881
6.4
4.937

1,268

1,314
1,099
83.7

17,120
12,538
73.2
11,845

17,289
12,567
72.7

59,720

60,319

46,607

14
1.3
206

19
1.7
215

692
5.5

862

6.9
4,723

44,214
2,393
5.1
13,112

46,828
77.6
43,768
3,060
6.5
13,491

20,332
11,039
54.3
10,372
667
6.0

1,161
665
57.3
650

1,168
672
57.6
660
13

19,164

67,690

68,348

39,471
58.3
37,535

26,346
62.6
24,500

91,283
66.5
86,107

5,175
5.7

65.9

51,538
33,816
65.6

31,807

31,731

1,698
5.1
17,314

2,085
6.2

17,722

22,984
17,760
77.3

23,487
17,995
76.6

16,984
111
4.4
5,224

16,946
1,049

39,760

23,862
13,539

24,236
13,803

58.2
37,442
2,318
5.8
28,588

56.7
12,919
620
4.6
10,323

57.0
13,093
710
5.1
10,433

3,972
2,205
55.5
1,903
302
13.7
1,767

3,815

47,114

31,201
66.2
29,724

47,630
31,426
66.0
29,585

1,478
4.7
15,912

5.9
16,204

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

1,062
83.8
1,048

1,080

4,582

11,705

78.0

5.8
5,492

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

53.9
10,368
571
5.2
9,344

19,122
10,274
53.7

1.9

556
5.4

10,367
54.1
9,712
654
6.3

496

8,848

8,797

4.9
28,219

214
127
59.2
116
11
8.3

3,027
1,655
54.7
1,388
267
16.1

2,932
1,514
51.7
1,227
288
19.0
1,417

9,822
5,205
53.0
4,358
847
16.3
4,617

9,561

1,343
298
18.2

208
125
60.3
116
10
7.6

35,028

113,301
75,976
67.1
72,363

113,881
76,060
66.8

9,293

15
2.2
496

9,718

1,935

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

3,234
1,781
55.1
1,504
276
15.5
1,454

3,146
1,641
52.2

1,505

82

87

1,371

37,575
23,755
63.2
22,506
1,249
5.3

37,665
23,764
63.1
22,245

2,572
1,814
70.5

2,637
1,864
70.7
1,825

35,003
21,941
62.7

758

39
2.1
773

1,214
5.5
13,062

39
22
55.5
20
2
O
17

3,495

51.2
3,936

19.7
4,662

2,019
52.9
1,692
326
16.2
1,796

White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

1,779
36
2.0

13,820

1,519
6.4
13,901

3,536
2,088
59.0
1,838
250
12.0
1,449

3,641
2,111
58.0
1,840
270
12.8
1,530

41
23
54.9
20
2
1
()
19

970
667
68.7
600
67
10.0
304

919
584
63.6

45
35
77.3
33
2
5.7
10

20,728

21,900
62.5
20,421
1,480
6.8

13,128

3,613
4.8
37,325

71,454
4,607
6.1
37,821

1,840

Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
„
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

2,065
59.1
1,818
247
12.0
1,430

3,602
2,089
58.0

1,821
269
12.9
1,513

18,357

11,672
63.6
10,321
1,351
11.6
6,685

18,535
11,668
63.0
10,186
1,482

2,943

12.7

9.7

3,081
1,873
60.8
1,677
196
10.5

6,866

1,122

1,207

13,636
9,014
66.1

1,226

1,134
748
66.0
673
76
10.1
385

1,821

61.9
1,645
176

Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
1

531
53
9.1
335

Data not shown where base is less than 35,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are




926
632
68.3
567
65
10.3
293

890
560
62.9
508
52
9.3
330

13,071
8,743

66.9
8,046

696
8.0
4,328

8,127
887
9.8
4,623

834
68.0
761
72
8.7

393

included in both the white and black population groups. These data are based on
1980 census designations and are not comparable to data published through the
first quarter of 1984.

235

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
64. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race and Hispanic
origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Metropolitan areas

Total United States
Employment status, race, and
Hispanic origin

Poverty
areas
1990

1991

Nonpoverty
areas
1990

1991

Poverty
areas
1990

1991

Nonmetropolitan areas

Nonpoverty
areas
1990

1991

Poverty
areas
1990

Nonpoverty
areas

1991

1990

1991

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Men
Women
Not in labor force

27,169 26,913 160,881 162,852 17,566 17,213 128,579 130,472
15,429 15,270 109,358 110,034 9,860
9,661 88,608 89,296
56.8
67.6
68.0
56.7
56.1
56.1
68.9
68.4
13,911 13,605 104,003 103,272 8,765 8,467 84,382 83,911
5,355 6,762
1,518
1,665
1,094
1,194
4,226
5,386
6.1
4.9
11.1
12.4
9.8
10.9
4.8
6.0
5.8
4.3
10.4
9.0
10.2
11.8
4.2
5.7
5.1
4.3
9.4
8.6
9.4
10.4
4.2
5.0
17.3
14.0
25.6
28.0
29.1
31.7
13.9
17.3
18.4
15.0
25.0
28.9
29.3
33.1
14.8
18.3
16.0
13.0
26.2
27.1
29.0
30.3
12.8
16.1
11,740 11,644 51,522 52,819
7,706 7,552 39,970 41,176

9,603
5,569
58.0
5,145
424
7.6
6.6
7.1
19.5
18.2
21.1
4,034

9,701 32,302 32,380
5,608 20,750 20,737
64.0
57.8
64.2
5,138 19,621 19,361
1,376
470
1,129
8.4
6.6
5.4
6.2
7.5
4.8
5.6
7.6
4.7
17.3
21.8
14.6
18.6
22.5
15.4
15.8
20.8
13.6
4,092 11,552 11,642

16,319 16,297 144,095 145,215
9,527 97,634 97,958
9,543
58.5
58.5
67.5
67.8
8,874
8,738 93,212 92,301
5,657
669
790 4,422
4.5
7.0
8.3
5.8
5.5
4.0
6.5
8.0
3.9
5.8
6.9
4.8
12.9
18.9
20.8
15.9
13.8
18.2
22.0
17.0
19.4
14.8
11.9
19.8
6,776
6,769 46,461 47,256

White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Men
Women
Not in labor force

9,175
5,324
58.0
4,885
439
8.2
7.7
6.8
22.5
23.0
21.9
3,851

9,076
5,280
58.2
4,771
509
9.6
9.3
8.2
22.8
24.7
20.8
3,797

114,769
78,442
68.3
74,023
4,419
5.6
5.4
4.6
15.8
16.9
14.6
36,327

7,144
4,219
59.1
3,989
230
5.5
5.0
4.6
14.6
12.8
17.0
2,925

7,220
4,248
58.8
3,967
280
6.6
6.2
5.3
18.4
19.1
17.5
2,972

2,167
1,194
55.1
1,023
171
14.3
12.0
13.9
33.8
35.3
32.0
973

2,208
1,213
54.9
1,048
165
13.6
11.2
13.7
32.8
32.5

352
224
63.6
202
21
9.6
8.1
9.8

319
189
59.2
173
16
8.7
7.5
6.9

113,664
78,098
68.7
74,695
3,403
4.4
3.9
3.8
12.6
13.6
11.5
35,567

30,431 30,445
19,536 19,517
64.1
64.2
18,517 18,278
1,239
1,019
6.3
5.2
5.9
4.6
5.4
4.5
16.5
13.9
17.6
14.5
15.3
13.4
10,895 10,929

Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Men
Women
Not in labor force

9,718
5,281
54.3
4,493
788
14.9
14.2
12.7
36.8
38.3
35.4
4,438

9,583 11,582 12,032
5,194
8,348
8,212
54.2
69.4
70.9
7,473
4,380
7,483
739
814
865
9.0
15.7
10.4
8.1
14.9
9.4
7.6
13.3
8.8
27.1
40.9
33.0
28.1
40.8
33.5
26.1
41.1
32.6
3,370 3,684
4,389

7,552
4,087
54.1
3,470
617
15.1
14.8
12.4
37.8
39.3
36.3
3,465

7,375 10,212 10,599
3,981
7,318
7,450
54.0
71.7
70.3
3,333
6,658 6,690
648
660
760
16.3
9.0
10.2
16.0
8.1
9.2
13.2
7.6
8.6
43.4
27.3
33.1
43.8
27.8
33.1
43.0
26.7
33.1
3,394
2,894
3,150

4,372
2,497
57.1
2,239
258
10.3
9.2
9.6
22.9
23.0
22.7
1,875

4,385
2,470
56.3
2,172
298
12.1
10.8
10.7
28.3
29.4
26.9
1,915

9,925 10,385
7,293
7,079
71.3
70.2
6,568 6,627
665
510
9.1
7.2
6.2
8.6
6.7
7.9
20.9
18.3
21.6
18.3
18.2
19.8
3,092
2,846

4,020
2,273
56.6
2,037
237
10.4
9.3
9.6
23.9
24.4
23.1
1,746

4,066
2,281
56.1
1,999
281
12.3
11.1
11.1
28.6
30.0
26.9
1,785

O

995

1,370
894
65.3
815
79
8.8
7.6
7.8
26.0

1,433
898
62.7
793
105
11.7
10.9
10.1
32.7

O
O

0
O

476

535

618
443
71.7
398
45
10.2
8.2
10.5
22.4

600
395
65.8
359
36
9.2
6.9
9.3
24.6

Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Men
Women
Not in labor force
1

Data not shown where base is less than 35,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and

236




9,307
6,636
71.3
6,171
465
7.0
6.0
6.5
17.9
17.7
18.2
2,671

9,785
6,898
70.5
6,269
629
9.1
8.7
7.8
20.6
21.5
19.2
2,888

O
O
O

128

O
O
O

130

0
O

175

O
O
205

Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. These
data are based on 1980 census designations and are not comparable to data
published through the first quarter of 1984.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
65. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Industry

1991P

1988

1989

1990

Total

105,536

108,329

109,971

108,975

Total private

88,150

90,550

91,649

90,540

25,173

25,322

24,958

23,820

713
400.7

693
381.5

711
394.0

697
391.7

5,110
1,352.8

5,187
1,335.7

5,136
1,307.6

4,696
1,173.1

19,350

19,442

19,111

18,427

11,381

11,420

11,115

10,557

768.8
528.1
568.5
771.1
278.5
1,431.5
2,092.4
1,766.2
2,037.7
857.4
1,032.5
384.3

758.3
526.2
570.0
773.1
279.2
1,450.0
2,130.3
1,747.4
2,053.5
859.8
1,027.9
383.4

740.9
510.1
557.0
755.5
275.4
1,423.0
2,094.6
1,673.3
1,979.6
809.4
1,004.4
376.8

697.5
481.5
521.5
720.5
260.8
1,359.0
1,993.5
1,591.0
1,856.0
775.8
970.2
366.2

Goods-producing
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

7,969

8,022

7,995

7,870

1,630.8
54.6
728.9
1,087.6
689.9
1,547.6
1,059.0
160.1
867.6
142.8

1,650.8
50.1
720.7
1,079.4
697.4
1,562.4
1,076.2
156.2
890.5
138.0

1,667.7
49.1
690.9
1,043.2
699.3
1,573.5
1,093.1
157.5
888.7
132.2

1,674.2
48.2
667.5
1,024.3
691.4
1,537.1
1,089.5
158.6
858.7
120.6

80,363

83,007

85,014

85,154

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and public utilities

5,527
3,312
2,215

5,644
3,428
2,216

5,826
3,554
2,272

5,823
3,561
2,262

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

6,055
3,580
2,475

6,221
3,674
2,547

6,205
3,631
2,574

6,072
3,518
2,554

19,077
2,473.1
3,078.7
2,075.4
6,285.8

19,549
2,546.3
3,170.1
2,097.8
6,439.0

19,683
2,516.0
3,228.8
2,081.3
6,565.2

19,340
2,353.8
3,227.3
2,037.5
6,569.2

6,649
3,283
2,079
1,287

6,695
3,294
2,095
1,305

6,739
3,301
2,118
1,319

6,707
3,285
2,128
1,294

25,669
4,669.3
7,121.0

27,120
4,982.3
7,483.7

28,240
5,240.7
7,844.0

28,778
5,300.3
8,237.5

17,386
2,971
4,076
10,339

17,779
2,988
4,182
10,609

18,322
3,085
4,303
10,934

18,434
2,965
4,346
11,123

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations ....
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate
Services
Business services
Health services
Government
Federal
State
Local
p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are




introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are subject to
revision.

237

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
66. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Industry

Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

1991P

1988

1989

1990

71,383

73,400

74,254

73,227

17,722

17,811

17,471

16,527

512

494

510

495

3,990

4,048

3,987

3,584

13,221

13,269

12,974

12,448

7,596
640.2
421.4
443.7

7,614
627.5
419.3

7,371

6,962

444.9
590.0

609.8
403.0
432.7
573.7

215.4
1,074.0
1,285.2

211.3
1,047.7
1,259.0

1,103.9

1,055.4

1,279.3

1,218.3

664.9

571.2
378.0
402.2
543.2
198.3
994.0
1,185.7
1,001.5
1,147.9
591.6

589.8
215.5
1,064.0
1,258.9
1,113.7
1,274.2
668.3

509.0

510.8

281.4

279.3

615.2
497.8
273.5

5,625
1,158.4
40.9
632.4
914.7
517.3
866.5
597.0
104.3
675.2
118.0

5,655
1,181.0
37.2
622.8
910.1
521.8
867.1
604.6
102.0
693.7
114.5

5,603
1,199.5
36.4
592.6
874.4
524.3
873.2
602.6
103.0
687.9
108.9

5,486
1,210.6

53,660

55,590

56,783

56,700

Transportation and public utilities

4,574

4,688

4,835

4,837

Wholesale trade

4,878

5,009

4,985

4,867

16,917

17,327

17,434

17,072

4,825

4,849

4,884

4,845

22,467

23,718

24,646

25,080

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.

238




p

475.1
263.6

35.8
571.9
856.4
520.1
846.3
584.9
102.4
659.7
98.0

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
ANNUAL AVERAGES
67. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
Average weekly hours

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Industry
1988

Total private
Mining
Construction

1989

1990

1991P

1988

1989

34.7

34.6

34.5

34.3

$9.28

$9.66 $10.02 $10.34

$322.02 $334.24 $345.69 $354.66

43.0

44.1

12.80

13.26

13.69

14.21

541.44

570.18

603.73

630.92

37.9

38.2

38.1

13.08

13.54

13.78

14.01

495.73

513.17

526.40

533.78

10.19
(2)

10.48
(2)

10.83
(2)

11.18
(2)

418.81
(2)

429.68
(2)

441.86
(2)

455.03
(2)

42.3
37.9

44.4

1990

1991P

1988

1989

1990

1991P

Manufacturing
Overtime hours

41.1
3.9

41.0
3.8

40.8
3.6

40.7
3.6

Durable goods
Overtime hours

41.8
4.1

41.6
3.9

41.3
3.7

41.1
3.5

40.1
39.4
42.3
43.5
44.0
41.9
42.7
41.0
42.7
43.5
41.4
39.2

40.1
39.5
42.3
43.0
43.4
41.6
42.4
40.8
42.4
43.1
41.1
39.4

40.2
39.1
42.0
42.7
43.4
41.3
41.9
40.8
42.0
42.4
41.1
39.5

40.0
38.9
41.7
42.2
42.7
41.2
41.7
40.7
41.9
42.3
41.0
39.6

$8.59
7.95
10.56
12.16
13.98
10.29
11.08
9.79
13.29
13.99
10.60
8.00

$8.84
8.25
10.82
12.43
14.25
10.57
11.40
10.05
13.67
14.25
10.83
8.29

$9.09
8.52
11.11
12.92
14.81
10.83
11.78
10.30
14.10
14.59
11.31
8.61

$9.28
8.77
11.36
13.32
15.33
11.21
12.17
10.73
14.79
15.31
11.71
8.85

$344.46
313.23
446.69
528.96
615.12
431.15
473.12
401.39
567.48
608.57
438.84
313.60

$354.48
325.88
457.69
534.49
618.45
439.71
483.36
410.04
579.61
614.18
445.11
326.63

$365.42
333.13
466.62
551.68
642.75
447.28
493.58
420.24
592.20
618.62
464.84
340.10

$371.20
341.15
473.71
562.10
654.59
461.85
507.49
436.71
619.70
647.61
480.11
350.46

40.2
3.6

40.2
3.6

40.0
3.6

40.2
3.7

9.45

9.75

10.12

10.44

379.89

391.95

404.80

419.69

40.3
39.8
41.0
37.0
43.3
38.0
42.2
44.4
41.7
37.5

40.7
38.6
40.9
36.9
43.3
37.9
42.4
44.3
41.4
37.9

40.8
39.2
39.9
36.4
43.3
37.9
42.6
44.6
41.1
37.4

40.6
39.2
40.6
37.0
43.3
37.8
42.9
44.1
41.1
37.3

$9.12
14.67
7.38
6.12
11.69
10.53
12.71
14.97
9.19

$9.38
15.31
7.67
6.35
11.96
10.88
13.09
15.41
9.46
6.59

$9.61
16.29
8.02
6.57
12.30
11.25
13.55
16.23
9.77
6.90

$9.88
16.90
8.30
6.75
12.70
11.50
14.08
17.03
10.10

$367.54
583.87
302.58
226.44
506.18
400.14
536.36
664.67
383.22

$381.77
590.97
313.70
234.32
517.87
412.35
555.02
682.66
391.64
249.76

$392.09
638.57
320.00
239.15
532.59
426.38
577.23
723.86
401.55

$401.13
662.48
336.98
249.75
549.91
434.70
604.03
751.02
415.11

7.16

235.50

258.06

267.07

Transportation and public utilities

38.8

38.9

38.9

38.7

12.60

12.96

504.14

512.00

Wholesale trade

38.1

38.0

38.1

38.1

10.39

10.79

411.10

425.20

Retail trade

29.1

28.9

28.8

28.6

6.53

6.76

194.69

200.20

Finance, insurance, and real estate

35.9

35.8

35.8

35.8

9.53

9.97

356.93

373.04

Services

32.6

32.6

32.6

32.5

9.38

9.83

320.46

332.80

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

1

6.28
12.26
9.98
6.31
9.06

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.




$10.71 $11.01 $11.35 $11.75

8.88

13.23
11.16
7.00
10.42
10.24

$447.68 $458.02 $468.76 $482.93

475.69
380.24
183.62
325.25
289.49

490.14
394.82
188.72
341.17
305.79

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are subject to
revision.

239

Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports
from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from a
sample survey of the population 16 years of age and over.
The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the
Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the employed, and the
unemployed, including such characteristics as age, sex, race,
family relationship, marital status, occupation, and industry
attachment. The survey also provides data on the characteristics and past work experience of those not in the labor force.
The information is collected by trained interviewers from
a sample of about 60,000 households, representing 729 areas
in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with coverage in
50 States and the District of Columbia. The data collected
are based on the activity or status reported for the calendar
week including the 12th of the month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on
nonfarm wage and salary employment, average weekly
hours, average hourly earnings, and average weekly
earnings for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The
employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based
on payroll reports from a sample of over 350,000 establishments employing over 41 million nonfarm wage and salary
workers. The data relate to all workers, full or part time,
who receive pay during the payroll period which includes
the 12th day of the month.

RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data supplement one
another, each providing significant types of information that
the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics,
for example, are readily obtained only from the household
survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be
reliably derived only from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of differences in definitions and coverage, sources
of information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which




have a differential effect on the levels and trends of the two
series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
comprises wage; and salary workers (including domestics and
other private household workers), self-employed persons,
unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more during the
survey week int family-operated enterprises, and members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. Civilian
employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural
industries is included. The payroll survey covers only
wage and salary employees on the payrolls of nonfarm
establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons
holding more than one job are counted only once and are
classified according to the job at which they worked the
greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the
figures based on establishment reports, persons who worked
in more than oae establishment during the reporting period
are counted each time their names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences,fromjobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were not
at work during the survey week—that is, were not working
but had jobs from which they were temporarily absent
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management
disputes, or becaiuse they were taking time off for various
other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers
for the time off. In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the company are included, but not
those on leave without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences between
household and establishment survey employment data, see
Gloria P. Green's article, "Comparing Employment
Estimates From Household and Payroll Surveys," Monthly
Labor Review, Disc ember 1969.
Hours of work
The household survey measures,hours actually worked
whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for by
241

employers. In the household survey data, all persons with
a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average hours. In the payroll
survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid
vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave *ye included and
assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during the reporting period.

compensation but are classified as employed rather than
unemployed in the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences between State insured unemployment and total unemployment,
see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemployment"
by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the Monthly
Labor Review.

Earnings

Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of
Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the
inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and Statistics
Service series and the treatment of dual jobholders, who are
counted more than once if they work on more than one farm
during the reporting period. There are also wide differences
in sampling techniques and collecting and estimating
methods, which cannot be readily measured in terms of their
impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two
series.

The household survey measures median earnings of wage
and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both
the private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's sole or priimary job. Data
from the establishment survey generally refer to average
earnings of production and related workers; in mining and
manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and
nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries. For a comprehensive discussion of the household
survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the
Quarterly Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113.
COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from
the household survey includes all persons who did not have
a job at all during the survey week and were Hooking for work
or were waiting to be called back to a job from which they
had been laid off, whether or not they were eligible for
unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the Employment and Training
Administration of the Department of Labor 9 exclude persons
who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who
have not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance
systems (some workers in agriculture, domestic services, and
religious organizations, and self-employed <'*nd unpaid family
workers). Beginning in January 1978, coverage was extended
to include domestic workers whose employers paid $1,000
or more in wages in any calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or more workers in
20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any
calendar quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment
compensation differ from the definition of unemployment
used in the household survey. For example, persons with
a job but not at work and persons working only a few hours
during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment

242




COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufactures and business. Bureau of the Census, BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from
employment counts derived by the Bureau of the Census from
its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business
establishments. The major reasons for noncomparability are
different treatment of business units considered parts of an
establishment, such as central administrative offices and auxiliary units, the industrial classification of establishments,
and different reporting patterns by multiunit companies.
There are also differences in the scope of the industries
covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional
services, public utilities, and financial establishments,
whereas these are included in the BLS statistics.
County Business Patterns. Data in County Business Patterns
(CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS establishment statistics
in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because of industrial
classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and government, and coverage is
incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance programs. Most nonfarm wage and salary workers are covered
by the unemployment insurance programs. However, certain activities, such as interstate railroads, parochial schools,
and churches are not covered by unemployment insurance
whereas these are included in the BLS establishment statistics.

Household Data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population, the
personal, occupational, and other characteristics of the
employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the labor
force, and related data are compiled for the BLS by the
Bureau of the Census in its Current Population Survey (CPS).
A detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and
Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the
Current Population Survey, BLS Report 463. Historical national data are published in Labor Force Statistics Derived
From the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2307.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted
through a scientifically selected sample designed to represent the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents are
interviewed to obtain information about the employment
status of each member of the household 16 years of age and
over. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which includes the 12th
of the month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field
interviewing is conducted in the following week.
Inmates of institutions and persons under 16 years of age
are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations, and
are excluded from the population and labor force statistics
shown in this publication. Data on the members of the Armed
Forces stationed in the United States, who are included as
part of the categories "noninstitutional population," "labor
force," and "total employment," are obtained from the
Department of Defense.
Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for
interview. About 2,600 of these households are visited but
interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not
at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other
reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey
of between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the 60,000 occupied units, there are 11,500 sample units in an average
month which are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise
not enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month.
The rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample
to be common from one month to the next, and one-half to
be common with the same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data
have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the
inception of the survey in 1940; those used since 1967 are
as follows:
Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the
survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in their
own business, profession, or on their own farm, or who
worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise




operated by a member of the family; and (b) all those who
were not working but who had jobs or businesses from which
they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons,
whether they were paid for the time off or were seeking other
jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States are also included in the employed total.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those who
held more than one job are counted in the job at which they
worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries who are temporarily in the United States but not living
on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons whose
only activity consisted of work around the house (painting,
repairing, or own home housework) or volunteer work for
religious, charitable, and similar organizations.
Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no employment during the survey week, were available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to
find employment some time during the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which
they had been laid off or were waiting to report to a new
job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be
classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of time
(through the current survey week) during which persons
classified as unemployed had been continuously looking for
work. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment
represents the number of full weeks since the termination
of their most recent employment. A period of 2 weeks or
more during which a person was employed or ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the present period of seeking work. Measurements of mean and
median duration are computed from a distribution of single
weeks of unemployment.
Unemployment is also categorized according to the status
of individuals at the time they began to look for work. The
reasons for unemployment are divided into four major
groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking for work,
and persons on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit
or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and
immediately began looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks
or longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning
to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who never
worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer. Each
of these four categories of the unemployed may be expressed
as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian
labor force; the sum of the four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian workers.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made specific
243

efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week period
preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include those
persons unemployed because they (a) were waiting to be called
back to a job from which they had been laid off or (b) were
waiting to report to a new job within 30 days. Jobseekers are
grouped by the methods used to seek work, including going
to a public or private employment agency or to an employer
directly, seeking assistance from friends or relatives, placing
or answering ads, or utilizing some other method. Examples
of the "other" category include being on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from a community
organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup point.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians classified
as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria
described above. The labor force also includes members of
the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
The overall unemployment rate represents the number
unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including
members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
The unemployment rate for all civilian workers represents
the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor
force. This measure can also be computed for groups within
the labor force classified by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin,
marital status, etc.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the population that is in the labor force. The labor force participation
rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident
Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian
labor force participation rate is the ratio of the civilian labor
force to the civilian noninstitutional population. Civilian labor
force participation rates are usually published for sex-age
groups, often cross-classified by other demographic
characteristics such as race and educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of
the noninstitutional population that is employed. The total
employment-population ratio is total employment, including
the resident Armed Forces, as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The civilian employment-population ratio
is the percentage of all employed civilians in the civilian
noninstitutional population.
Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not
classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are
further classified as engaged in own home housework, in
school, unable to work because of long-term physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The "other" group includes
individuals reported as too old or temporarily unable to work,
the voluntarily idle, seasonal workers for whom the survey
week fell in an off season and who were not reported as looking for work, and persons who did not look for work because
they believed that no jobs were available in the area or that
no jobs were available for which they could qualify—
discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid
family work (less than 15 hours in the specified week) are
also classified as not in labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous work
experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a job at the
244




time of interview, and reasons for not looking for work are
published on a quarterly basis. As of January 1970, the
detailed questions for persons not in the labor force are asked
only in those households that are in the fourth and eighth
months of the sample, i.e., the "outgoing" groups, those
which had been in the sample for 3 previous months and would
not be in for the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969,
these questions were asked in those households entering the
sample for the first time and those returning for the second
4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming" groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed
apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two
or more jobs are classified in the job at which they worked
the greatest number of hours during the survey week. The
unemployed are classified according to their last full-time
job lasting 2 weeks or more. The classifications of occupations and industries used in data derived from the CPS are
defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed
categories included in these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and salary
workers subdivided into private and government workers;
self-employed workers; and unpaid family workers. Wage
and salary workers receive wages, salary, commission, tips,
or pay in kind from a private employer or from a government unit. Self-employed persons are those who work for
profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or
operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or
in a business operated by a member of the household to whom
they are related by birth or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours
worked during the survey week. For example, persons who
normally work 40 hours a week but were off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours even
though they were paid for the holiday. For persons working
in more than one job, the figures relate to the number of hours
worked in all jobs during the week; all the hours are credited
to the major job.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey
week are designated as working full time. Persons who
worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working
part time. Part-time workers are classified by their usual
status at their present job (either full or part time) and by
their reason for working part time during the survey week
(economic or noneconomic reasons). Economic reasons include: Slack work, material shortages, repairs to plant or
equipment, start or termination of a job during the week,
and inability to find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons
include: Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation,
demands of home or school, no desire for full-time work,
and full-time worker only during peak season. Persons on
full-time schedules include, in addition to those working 35
hours or more, those who worked from 1 to 34 hours for
noneconomic reasons and usually work full time.
Data on employment "at work" differ from data on total
employment because they exclude persons in the zero-hours-

worked category, "with a job but not at work." These are
persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week
for such reasons as bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor dispute.
Employed persons are also categorized into full- and parttime groupings based primarily on their usual status. In this
context, full-time workers are those who (a) worked 35 hours
or more during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours
for economic or noneconomic reasons, but usually work full
time, and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually
work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who
(a) voluntarily worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week,
(b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually
work part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time
work, and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually
work part time.
Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers are
calculated using the concepts of the fall- and part-time labor
force which are based on the type of job—full or part t i m e that persons—whether working or unemployed—report that
they want. The "full-time labor force" includes all persons
working part time but who desire full-time work, that is,
working part time for economic reasons. Thus, this category
consists of persons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily working part time regardless of their usual status;
and unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The "parttime labor force" consists of persons working part time
voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time work.
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work on full-time or voluntary part-time schedules.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours lost
to the economy through unemployment and involuntary parttime employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is computed by assuming that:
(1) unemployed persons looking for full-time work lost an
average of 37.5 hours, (2) those looking for part-time work
lost the average number of hours actually worked by voluntary part-time workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on part time for economic reasons lost the difference
between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they
worked.
White, black, and other are terms used to describe the race
of workers. Included in the "other" group are American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders.
All tables in this publication which contain racial data, with
the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data
for the black population group. Because of their relatively
small sample size, data for "other" races are not published.
In the enumeration process, race is determined by the
household respondent.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified themselves
in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican living
on the mainland, Cuban, Central or South American, or of
other Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin




may be of any race; thus they are included in both the white
and black population groups.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed
Forces of the United States between August 5, 1964, and
May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and
women are excluded. Nonveterans are men who never served
in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from responses
to the question ''How much does.. .USUALLY earn per week
at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime
pay, commissions, or tips usually received. The term
"usual" is as perceived by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual, interviewers are instructed
to define the term as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. Data refer to wage and salary
workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who
usually work fall time on their sole or primary job.
Median earnings indicate the value which divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part having values
above the median and the other having values below the
median. The medians as shown in this publication are
calculated by linear interpolation of the $50 centered interval
within which each median falls.
Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status are terms used to define the marital status of
individuals at the time of interview. Married, spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were reported as
members of the same household even though one may be
temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a
hospital, etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are
married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married,
spouse absent, includes persons who are separated because
of marital discord, as well as persons who are living apart
because either the husband or the wife was employed and
living away from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or
had a different place of residence for any reason.
A household consists of all persons—related family
members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a housing
unit. A house, an apartment, a group of rooms, or a single
room is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended
for occupancy as separate living quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in
whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The term
is never applied to either husbands or wives in married-couple
families but relates only to persons in families maintained
by either men or women without a spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons residing
together who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption; all
such persons are considered as members of one family even
though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married couple or a parent-child group related by birth or marriage to the householder and sharing the living quarters. The

245

count of families used in this publication excludes unrelated
subfamilies such as lodgers, guests, or resident employees
living in a household but not related to the householder.
Families are classified either as married-couple families or as
families maintained by women or men without spouses. A
family maintained by a woman or a man is one in which the
householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married,
spouse absent. Data on the earnings of families exclude all
those in which there is no wage or salary earner or in which
the husband, wife, or other persons maintaining the family
is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in tracted
areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD's) in untracted
areas, in which 20 percent or more of the noninstitutional
residents were poor according to the 1980 decennial census.
Persons were classified as poor or nonpoor by comparing
money income to a series of poverty income thresholds which
vary by family size and number of children. While poverty
areas have a substantial concentratioil of low-income
residents, many poor persons live outside these areas, and
conversely, the areas include many people who are not poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the total
of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA's) as defined by
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as of June 30,
1983. These definitions differ from those used in the 1980
decennial census. A detailed discussion of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology can be found in "The
New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980
Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan
Statistical Areas, PC-S1-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist
of the total territory outside MSA's.
The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census,
comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in places
of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized areas. More
specifically, the urban population consists of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated
as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New
York), and towns (except in the New England States, New
York, and Wisconsin), but excluding those persons living
in the rural portions of extended cities; (2) other territories,
incorporated and unincorporated, included in urbanized
areas. The population not classified as urban constitutes the
rural population.
HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Change in lower age limit
The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor force,
employment, and unemployment was raised from 14 to 16
years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical
series have been revised to provide consistent information
based on the population 16 years and over. For a detailed
discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced
at that time, including estimates of their effect on the various
series, see "New Definitions for Employment and
246




Unemployment," Employment and Earnings and Monthly
Report on the Labor Force, February 1967.
Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there are
several other periods of noncomparability in the labor force
data: (1) Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data
from the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total
employment, and agricultural employment were increased
by about 350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals
and men; other categories were relatively unaffected. (2)
Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and
about 300,000 in the labor force. Four-fifths of this increase
was in nonagricultural employment; other labor force
categories were not appreciably affected. (3) Beginning in
1962, the introduction of data from the 1960 census reduced
the population by about 50,000 and labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually
unchanged. (4) Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970
census was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by about 800,000; labor force and
employment totals were raised by a little more than 300,000;
and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent population adjustment based on
the 1970 census was introduced in March 1973. This adjustment, which affected the white and black-and-other groups
but had little effect on totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white population and an increase of the
same magnitude in the black-and-other population. Civilian
labor force and total employment figures were affected to
a lesser degree; the white labor force was reduced by
150,000, and the black-and-other labor force rose by about
210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not
significantly affected.
In addition, beginning in January 1974, the methodology
used to prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to an inflation-deflation
approach. This change in the derivation of the estimates had
its greatest impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year old men—
particularly those of the black-and-other population—but had
little effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and
over. Additional information on the adjustment procedure
appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from InflationDeflation Method of Estimation", in the February 1974 issue
of Employment and Earnings.
Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration of
Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and
black-and-other independent population controls for persons
16 years and over were adjusted upward by 76,000—30,000
men and 46,000 women. The addition of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all of the changes were in
the other population.

Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation procedures
resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the civilian labor
force and employment totals; unemployment levels and rates
were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural
changes and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1978"
in the February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual was
determined by the household respondent for the incoming
rotation group households, rather than by the interviewer as
before. The purpose of this change was to provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race. Thus, in October
1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race determined by the household respondent and seven-eighths of the
sample households had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire sample
had race determined by the household respondent. The new
procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio estimation
method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only
for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for
the total United States. The reasoning behind the change and
an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the February
1979 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its
effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the February 1982 issue of Employment and Earnings. In addition, current population estimates
used in the second-stage estimation procedure are derived
from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than
the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases in
total population and estimates of persons in all labor force categories. Rates for labor force characteristics, however, remained virtually unchanged. Some 30,000 labor force series
were adjusted back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series.
The adjustment procedure used is also described in the
February 1982 article cited above. The revisions did not,
however, smooth out the breaks in series occurring between
1972 and 1979 that are described above, and data users should
make allowances for them in making certain data comparisons.
Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment
methodology was updated to account for results obtained
from the 1980 census. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the February
1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. There were only
slight differences between the old and new procedures in
estimates of levels for the various labor force characteristics
and virtually no differences in estimates of participation rates.




Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the CPS
estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first
and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite
estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in
the Estimating Mtethods section. A description of the changes
and an indication of their effect on national estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January
1985" in the February 1985 issue of this publication. Overall,
the revisions had only a slight effect on most estimates. The
greatest impact was on estimates of persons of Hispanic origin.
Major estimates were revised back to January 1980.
Beginning in January 1986, the population controls used
in the second-sttage ratio adjustment methodology were revised to reflect; an explicit estimate of the number of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980 and
an improved esttimate of the number of emigrants among legal
foreign-born residents for the same time period. As a result,
the total civilian population and labor force estimates were
raised by nearly 400,000; civilian employment was increased
by about 350,000. The Hispanic-origin civilian population
and labor force estimates were raised by about 425,000 and
305,000, respectively, and civilian employment by 270,000.
Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and rates were
not significantly affected. Because of the magnitude of the
adjustments for Hispanics, data have been revised back to
January 1980 to the extent possible. An explanation of the
changes and their effect on estimates of labor force
characteristics appears in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the; Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1986 " in the February 1986 issue of this publication.
Beginning in August 1989, the second-stage ratio estimate
cells were chamged slightly to decrease the chance of very
small cells occurring and to be more consistent with published
age, sex, race cells. This change had virtually no effect on
national estimates.
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification system
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational employment datai was affected as a result of changes in the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were
introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further affected
in December 1971, when a question relating to major activity
or duties was added to the monthly CPS questionnaire in order
to determine more precisely the occupational classification
of individuals. As a result of these changes, meaningful comparisions of occupational employment levels could not be
made between 1971-72 and prior years nor between those
2 years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected.
For a further explanation of the changes in the occupational
classificationi system, see "Revisions in Occupational
Classificatioins for 1971" and "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey" in the February 1971 and February 1972
issues, respectively, of Employment and Earnings.
247

Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial
classification systems used in the 1980 census were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from those
developed for the 1970 census, which were used in the CPS
from January 1971 through December 1982.
The 1980 census occupational classification system evolved
from the Standard Occupational Classification system (soc).
While the CPS occupational data are now comparable with
other data sources, the new system is so radically different
in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical data are not possible without major adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category
"sales workers." Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in
retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980 census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification
system (SIC), as modified in 1977. The adopition of the new
system had much less of an adverse effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most
notable changes from the 1970 system were the transfer of
farm equipment stores from "retail" to "wholesale" trade,
postal service from "public administration" to "transportation," and some interchange between "professional and
related services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational
and industrial classification systems appears in "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983"
in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings.

Changes in the sample design
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various
changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of these
changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the
sample design and/or to increase the reliability of the sample
estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census is
to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of sample areas
and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally.
In 1953, the current rotation plan was introduced, in which
a sample unit is interviewed for 4 months, leaves the sample
for 8 months, and then returns to the sample for another 4
months. When Alaska and Hawaii achieved statehood, three
more sample areas were added to account for the population
in these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major
portion of the sample from census address lists was begun,
though a portion of the sample is still collected using area
sampling. Following the 1970 census, the ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous cluster of six
housing units to a usually contiguous cluster of ifour housing
units. In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24 States and the District of Columbia
248




and designed to provide more reliable annual average
estimates for States, was incorporated into the design. In
October 1978, a coverage improvement sample, composed
of approximately 450 sample household units which
represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and 600,000
new construction housing units, was included in computing
the estimates in order to provide coverage of mobile homes
and new construction units that previously had no chance
for selection in the CPS sample selected from the 1970 census frame. In January 1980, another supplemental sample
of 9,000 households selected in 32 States and the District
of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample
reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May
1981. Beginning in January 1982, the sample was expanded
by 100 households to provide additional coverage in counties added to SMSA's, which were redefined in 1973.
Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was
selected based on 1980 cenus information, providing an opportunity to improve the efficiency of the sample design and
increase the reliability for State estimates. Sample households
are chosen from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973
geographic areas in the United States. This current number
of sample areas is not completely comparable to the old
number of sample areas since many of the sample areas have
been redefined. (See pp. 7-10 of the May 1984 issue of
Employment and Earnings, for an overview of these new
definitions and the introduction of the new sample.) A sample reduction of about 4,000 households was implemented
in April 1988; they were reinstated during the 8-month
period, April-November 1989.
Table A provides a description of some aspects of the CPS
sample design in use during the different data collection
periods. A more detailed account of the history of the CPS
sample design appears in the Current Population Survey:
Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau
of the Census, or Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force
Statistics Derived from the Current Population Survey,
Report 463, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously
and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents.
The estimation procedure involves weighting the data from
each sample person by the inverse of the probability of the
person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure of
the number of actual persons that the sample person
represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons
within the same State have the same probability of selection.
These estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the
ratio estimation procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for
occupied sample households for which no information was

Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date
Time period

Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956
May 1956 to Dec. 1959
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966
Jan. 1967 to July 1971
Aug. 1971 to July 1972
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979
Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981
May 1981 to Dec. 1984
Jan. 1985 to Mar. 1988
Apr. 1988 to Mar. 1989
Nov. 1989 to present3

Number of sample
areas

68
230
1330
2333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
729
729

Households eligible
Interviewed
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000
53,200
57,400

Not interviewed
500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
2,600
2,600

Households visited but
not eligible

3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000
11,500
11,800

1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in
each State and the District of Columbia.
2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and Hawaii
after statehood.

3
The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month period, AprilNovember 1989.

obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or
unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This
noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations
of similar sample areas that are not necessarily contained
within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based on
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size. Within
each combination of sample areas there is a further
breakdown by residence. MSA sample areas are categorized
by "central city" and "balance of the MSA." Residence
categories of non-MSA areas are "urban" and "rural." The
proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from
4 to 5 percent, depending on weather, vacation, etc.

b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample
proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted to
the distribution of independent current estimates of the
civilian noninstitutional population in the same categories.
The second-stage ratio adjustment, which is performed to
further reduce variability of the estimates and to correct to
some extent for CPS undercoverage relative to the decennial
census, is carried out in three steps. In the first step, the sample estimates are adjusted within each State and the District
of Columbia to an independent control for the population 16
years and over. The second step involves an adjustment by
Hispanic origin to a national estimate for eight age-sex
categories by Hispanic and non-Hispanic. In the third step,
a national adjustment is made by the race categories of white,
black, and other races to independent estimates by age and
sex. The white and black categories contain 38 and 24 agesex groups respectively; the other races category has 4 agesex cells. The entire second-stage adjustment procedure is
iterated six times, each time beginning at the weights
developed the previous time. This ensures that the sample
estimates of the population for both State and national agesex-race-origin categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure incorporates changes instituted in January
1985 and August 1989. The nature and effect of the 1985
changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning
in January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of Employment
and Earnings.
The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend in the growth of this segment of the population using the two most recent July 1 estimates, adjusted as
a last step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of
this group. State estimates by age for July 1 are published
annually in Current Population Reports, Series P-25. For
a description of the methodology used in developing the State
total, see Report 957 of that series. A description of the age

2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected
for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that
of the population as a whole in such characteristics as age,
race, sex, and residence. Since these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample, the survey
estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of
ratio estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of the
729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas not in
the sample; the remainder of the sample areas represent only themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was
designed to reduce the portion of the variance resulting from
requiring sample areas to represent nonsample areas.
Therefore, this procedure is not applied to sample areas
which represent only themselves. The adjustment is made
at the State level for each of the 43 States which contains
nonsample areas by race cells of black and non-black. The
procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell
at the time of the 1980 census between the race distribution
of the population in sample areas and the known race distribution of the State.




249

estimates methodology is available in Report 1010 of that
series.
Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control for
Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These
Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the 1980
census count for Hispanics by adding estimated Hispanic
births and immigrants and subtracting estimated Hispanic
deaths and emigrants to yield an estimate of the Hispanic
population by age and sex.
During the period from January 1982 to December 1984,
the "inflation-deflation" method was temporarily discontinued in the preparation of the independent national controls used for the age-sex-race groups in the third step of
the second-stage ratio estimation procedure. These controls
were prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census data after
taking account of subsequent aging of the population, births,
deaths, and net migration and then subtracting the estimate
for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in January 1985, the "inflation-deflation" method
of deriving independent population controls was reintroduced
into the CPS estimation procedure. With the "inflationdeflation" method, the independent controls are prepared
by inflating the 1980 census counts to include estimated
undercounts by age, sex, and race, aging this population forward to each subsequent month and later age by adding births
and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These post-censal
population estimates are then deflated to census level to
reflect the pattern of net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex, and race. Because an estimate of undercount
is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex
group is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method.
Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age structure of the undercount, but not the level. This feature of the
method is important since the exact amount of undercount
in the 1980 census remains unknown.
Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and the
estimate date are based on tabulations of vital statistics for
the resident population made by the National Center for
Health Statistics and data on deaths of military personnel
overseas from the Department of Defense. Estimates of net
civilian immigration are based on data provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Department of
Defense, the Office of Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning Board. The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas. The institutional population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived
from the 1980 census to the total population, including Armed
Forces overseas for the estimate date. All computations
described above are performed in cells defined by single year
of age, race, and sex. The independent national control totals
are then obtained by collapsing these cells into broader age
groups for the population 16 years and older.
Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced
into the estimation of the independent population controls.
250




For the first time, an explicit allowance for net undocumented
immigration since April 1, 1980 (the census date) was added to the estimated level of legal immigration. In addition,
an increase in the estimate of emigration of legal foreignborn residents has been incorporated into the post-censal
population estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of
these changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the
Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics for
a given month, a composite estimating procedure is used
which takes account of net changes from the previous month
for continuing parts of the sample (75 percent), as well as
the sample results for the current month. Also included is
an additional term which is an estimate of the net difference
between incoming and continuing parts of the current month's
sample. Almost all estimates of month-to-month change are
improved by this procedure, and most estimates of level are
also improved, but to a lesser extent.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the
totals shown in the same tables because of independent
rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand.
Similarly, sums of percent distributions may not always equal
100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are
insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based
on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The standard errors provided primarily indicate the magnitude of the
sampling error. They also partially measure the effect of
some nonsampling errors in response and enumeration but
do not measure any systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error, The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS, as
discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be
small on estimates of relative change, such as month-tomonth change. Estimates of monthly levels would be more
severely affected by the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many
sources, e.g., inability to obtain information about all cases
in the sample, definitional difficulties, differences in the
interpretation of questions, inability or unwillingness of
respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall
information, errors made in collection such as in recording
or coding the data, errors made in processing the data,
errors made in estimating values for missing data, and failure
to represent all sample households and all persons within

sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of
the survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is used to estimate various sources of
error as well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is
inspected through reinterview at regular intervals. The results
indicate, among other things, that the data published from
the CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS reinterview program and some of the other
results may be found in the Current Population Survey
Reinterview Program, January 1961 through December
1966, Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan
used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies
by rotation group. A description of these effects appears in
"The Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From
Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the
American Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349,
March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage
is about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS undercoverage
varies with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally,
undercoverage is larger for men than for women, and larger
for blacks, Hispanics, and other races combined than for
whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-race-origin
population controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage. However,
biases exist in the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed households or missed persons in interviewed
households have different characteristics than interviewed
persons in the same age-sex-race-origin group. Further, the
independent population controls used have not been adjusted
for undercoverage in the 1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS
appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by
the Current Population Survey," by Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and
Standards; in "The Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of
Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and
in The Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce. This last document includes a comprehensive discussion of various sources of errors, and
describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a measure
of sampling variability, that is, of the variation that occurs
by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and its estimated




standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals,
ranges that would include the average of all possible samples
with a known probability. For example, if all possible
samples were selected, each of these surveyed under essentially the same general conditions and using the same sample design, and an estimate and its estimated error were
calculated from each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error above
the estimate would include the average result of all possible
samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors
above the estimate would include the average of all possible
samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2 standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors above
the estimate would include the average result of all possible
samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable
to a large number of estimates and could be prepared at a
moderate cost, a number of approximations are required.
First, the standard errors in this volume reflect the sample
design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State estimates. Thus, these standard errors may
slightly overstate the standard errors applicable to the present design. Second, instead of computing an individual standard error for each estimate, generalized sets of standard errors are computed for various types of characteristics. This
generalization yields more stable estimates of the standard
errors. Consequently, the sets of standard errors provided
give an indication of the order of magnitude of the standard
error of an estimate rather than the precise standard error.
Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for major employment status characteristics for monthly estimates
and for changes for consecutive months. These standard errors are applicable to the level of the estimates in recent
months.
Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors
for monthly level and month-to-month change for estimated
totals, unemployment rates, and percentages. Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly level and month-tomonth change for percentages. Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in the table may be approximated by linear interpolation. The standard error for
estimated changes from one month to the next is more closely
related to the monthly level for the characteristic than to the
size of the specific month-to-month change itself. Thus, in
order to use the generalized standard errors for month-tomonth change as given in the tables of standard errors, it
is necessary to obtain the monthly estimate for the
characteristic. It should be noted that the tables of standard
errors for month-to-month change apply only to estimates of
251

Table B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(in thousands)
Standard error of—

Monthly
level

Employment status, sex,
age, and race

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
.
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Month-tomonth
change
(consecutive
months only)

275
293
136
173
186
93

151
163
95

211
212
83

155
160
87

88
92
59

94
102
66

94
104
68

...

212
224
140

73
79
71

59
64
44

51
57
47

76
76
45

50
54
48

36
33
30

40
38
33

change between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of change
for nonconsecutive months are subject to higher standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with tables D, F, H,
and I to compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor
force participation rates, and percentages as pertaining to the
year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages,
changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes
in yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes in
quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive
quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the standard
errors must be adjusted due to the differences in the sample
size. For years prior to 1956, the standard errors should be
multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66 period, they should
be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard errors for quarterly estimates of persons and families for
use with the CPS earnings data.
Standard errors for estimated totals. Tables D and E provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals and for
month-to-month change. The figures given in these tables
are to be used for the characteristics as indicated.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number of
persons working a specific number of hours was 12,000,000,
an increase of 400,000 over the previous month. Linear interpolation in the second column of table D shows that the
standard error on an estimate of 12,000,000 is about 174,000.
The 68-percent confidence interval as shown by these data
is from 11,826,000 to 12,174,000. Therefore, a conclusion
that the average estimate derived from all possible samples

Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics
Standard error of—

Standard error of—
Characteristic

Characteristic
Monthly level

Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White workers
Black workers
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over

0.11
.15
.16
.67
.11
.51
.15
.19
.12
.34
.06

Consecutivemonth change
0.12
.15
.17
.81
.12
.54
.17
.21
.12
.42
.07

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and managerial . . .
Professional specialty
Technicians and related support
Sales
Administrative support, including clerical . . . .
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective

252




.22
.19
.47
.29
.23
1.18
.76

.24
.21
.52
.33
.26
1.33
.85

.39

.43

Monthly level

Occupation—Continued
Precision production, craft, and repair
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

Consecutivemonth change

0.32

0.36

.49
.59

.55
.66

.72
.68

.82
.76

.12
1.63
.65
.26
.33
.42

.13
1.86
.75
.29
.37
.47

.42
.27
.20
.23
1.16

.48
.30
.22
.25
1.32

Industry
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

lies within a range computed in this way would be correct
for roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that
the standard error of a month-to-month change is primarily
dependent on the size of the monthly estimate. Thus, using
linear interpolation in the first column of table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change of 400,000, when the
monthly level is approximately 12,000,000, is about 129,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability
of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated percentage, computed using sample data for both numerator and
denominator, depends upon both the size of the rate or
percentage and the total upon which the rate or percentage
is based. Estimated rates and percentages are relatively more
reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator
of the rates or percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of 50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are not published when the monthly base is less than
75,000, the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or
the annual average base is less than 35,000.
Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for
monthly level and month-to-month change for unemployment
rates. Generalized standard errors for estimated monthly
percentages and estimated month-to-month change in percentage can be obtained through the use of the standard errors
in table H and the factors in table I. First obtain the standard error from table H for the specific percentage and base.

The generalized standard error is then calculated by multiplying the standard error from table H by the appropriate factor from table I. When the numerator and denominator of
the percentage are in different categories, use the factor indicated by the numerator of the percentage.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month 2.9 percent of
a total of 112,440,000 employed persons are employed in
agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 2.9 percent with a base of 112,440,000 is obtained from table H
(0.08 percent). The appropriate factor from table I for the
numerator of the percentage, agricultural employment, is
1.26. The generalized standard error on the estimated 2.9
percent is then approximately 0.08 x 1.26 = 0.10 percentage point.
Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly estimates,
quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly
averages, and changes in yearly averages. The approximate
standard errors of levels, rates, and percentages involving
year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages,
changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes
in yearly averages may be obtained by using table J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for estimates
of change are more closely related to the level of the estimate
than to the size of the specific change. Thus, to obtain the
standard error of an estimate of an average level, rate, or

Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(in thousands)
Characteristic
Unemployment

Labor force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment

Estimated monthly level
Agricultural
employment

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000

15
21
47
66
93
131
159
182
202
_
_
_
_
-

Total or
white

Black

Total or
white

Black

11
16
36
51
72
101
123
141
156
188
213
_
_
_
_

12
17
38
53
73
97
110
116
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

12
17
37
52
74
104
126
145
161
193
219
259
286
306
319
326
327
314
274
195

12
17
37
51
70
92
104
109
108
74
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
-

1
When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group
which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard
error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error




Total or
white, 16 to Black, 16 to
19 years
19 years

12
17
36
50
68
86
92
88
72
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

12
16
32
35
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Tntsl or
1 UlCLI VJI
Black men
white men
only, or
only, or
women only
women only
11
15
34
49
68
95
115
132
145
172
191
215
225
222
206
172
107
_
_
-

10
14
31
43
58
73
76
69
47
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

of the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use
the column for total employed.

253

Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(in thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural
employment

Unemployment
Estimated monthly level
Total or white

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
1
2

13
18
40
56
78
108
129
144
157
177
184

Both sexes 16
to 19 years,
or part-time
labor force2

14
20
45
63
89
124
150

Black

13
19
41
57
76
95
99
89
58

See footnote 1, table D.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons reentering

percentage, or an estimate of a change in level, rate, or
percentage, it is first necessary to find the appropriate
estimate of level. For an estimate of an average level, rate,
or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For
an estimate of change in level, rate, or percentage, find the
standard error of the average of the two estimates affecting
the change. Then, after computing the standard error by
treating these estimates as monthly estimates and using the
procedures above, multiply this result by a suitable factor
from table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the
average or change.
Illustration. Suppose that one is interested in the year-to-year
change of a monthly unemployment rate. Assume that for
a certain month the unemployment rate is 6.2 percent,
based on a total of 119,865,000 in the civilian labor force,
and that a year prior to this the unemployment rate was 7.0
percent, based on a total of 117,834,000 in the civilian labor
force for the month. First, the standard error on the average
of the two estimates, 6.6 percent with a base of 118,850,000,
is obtained from table F (0.11 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate
standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then given
by 0.11 x 1.40 = 0.15 percentage point.
The approximate standard error of levels involving yearto-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using
table K in conjunction with the following formula:
254




Black, 16 to
19 years

Total or white

Black

9
12
27
39
55
77
93
107
119
143
163
192
213
228
238
244
245
237
212
160

Total or white, Black, 16 to
16 to 19 years 19 years

9
12
27
38
52
68
78
82
81
59

14
20
38
41

14
20
43
59
80
100
104
94
65

14
19
37
39

the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by duration of
unemployment.

Standard
error of
year-to-year
change =

X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the estimate for
another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a measure of the correlation between the estimates X and Y resulting from the
presence of some of the same respondents in the sample for
each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of
quarterly estimates, the values of P are 0.30 for persons
(total, white, and black) and 0.35 for families (total, white,
and black). The respective values for estimates of Hispanics
are 0.45 and 0.55.
Illustration. Assume that in a given quarter the number of
women employed as full-time wage and salary workers was
27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year later, their number
had increased to 29,000,000. Using linear interpolation in
the eighth column of table K, the standard error of an estimate
of 27,000,000 is 216,000; for 29,000,000 it is 221,000. Using the above formula, the standard error of the 2,000,000
year-to-year change is:
(216,000) 2

+

or about 259,000.

(221,000) 2

-2(0.30)

(216,000)

(221,000),

Table F. Standard errors for unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
Monthly base of unemployment rate
(in thousands)
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
10,000
20 000
60,000
100,000
120,000
140,000

1

2

5

10

15

20

25

2.28
1 61
.72
.51
.36
.25
.21
.16
11
.07
.05
.05
.04

3.20
2 26
1.01
.72
.51
.36
.29
.23
16
.09
.07
.07
.06

4.98
3 52
1.58
1.11
.79
.56
.45
.35
25
.14
.11
.10
.09

6.85
4 84
2.16
1.53
1.08
.77
.62
.48
34
.20
.15
.14
.13

8.13
5 75
2.57
1.82
1.29
.91
.74
.58
41
.24
.18
.17
.15

9.09
6 43
2.88
2.03
1.44
1.02
.83
.64
45
.26
.20
.19
.17

9.82
6 94
3.11
2.20
1.55
1.10
.90
.69
49
.28
.22
.20
.19

30

35

50

10.36
7 33
3.28
2.32
1.64
1.16
.95
.73
52
.30
.23
.21
.20

10.75
7 60
3.40
2.40
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
54
.31
.24
.22
.21

11.12
7 87
3.52
2.49
1.76
1.24
1.02
.79
56
.32
.25
.23
.21

30

35

50

Table G. Standard errors for month-to-month change in unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
Monthly base of unemployment rate
(in thousands)
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
10,000
20,000
60,000
100,000
120,000
140,000

10
2.53
1.79
.80
.57
.40
.28
.23
.18
.13
.07
.06
.05
.05

3.57
2.52
1.13
.80
.56
.40
.33
.25
.18
.10
.08
.07
.07

5.60
3.96
1.77
1.25
.88
.63
.51
.39
.28
.16
.12
.11
.10

15

7.83
5.53
2.47
1.75
1.23
.87
.71
.55
.38
.21
.15
.14

9.47
6.69
2.99
2.11
1.49
1.05
.86
.66
.46
.24
.17
.15

20
10.79
7.63
3.41
2.41
1.70
1.20
.97
.75
.51
.27
.18

25
11.91
8.42
3.76
2.65
1.87
1.32
1.07
.82
.56
.28

12.87
9.10
4.06
2.87
2.02
1.42
1.15
.88
.60

13.71
9.69
4.33
3.05
2.15
1.51
1.22
.93
.62

15.67
11.08
4.94
3.48
2.44
1.70
1.37
1.03

Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for labor force data
Percentage of monthly level
Monthly base of percentages
(in thousands)
50
100
500
1,000
2 000
4,000
6,000
10 000
20,000
40 000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000

1 or 99

2 or 98

5 or 95

10 or 90

15 or 85

20 or 80

2.34
1.65
.74
.52
.37
.26
.21
.17
.12
.08
.07
.06
.05
.05
.04
.04

3.29
2.33
1.04
.74
.52
.37
.30
.23
.16
.12
.10
.08
.07
.07
.06
.06

5.12
3.62
1.62
1.15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.26
.18
.15
.13
.11
.10
.10
.09

7.05
4.99
2.23
1.58
1.12
.79
.64
.50
.35
.25
.20
.18
.16
.14
.13
.12

8.39
5.94
2.65
1.88
1.33
.94
.77
.59
.42
.30
.24
.21
.19
.17
.16
.15

9.40
6.65
2.97
2.10
1.49
1.05
.86
.66
.47
.33
.27
.24
.21
.19
.18
.17

25 or 75
10.18
7.20
3.22
2.28
1.61
1.14
.93
.72
.51
.36
.29
.25
.23
.21
.19
.18

30 or 70 35 or 65
10.77
7.62
3.41
2.41
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
.38
.31
.27
.24
.22
.20
.19

11.21
7.93
3.55
2.51
1.77
1.25
1.02
.79
.56
.40
.32
.28
.25
.23
.21
.20

50
11.75
8.31
3.72
2.63
1.86
1.31
1.07
.83
.59
.42
.34
.29
.26
.24
.22
.21

NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in
table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specific characteristic.




255

Table I. Factors to be used with table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month
change in percentages
Factor

Factor
Characteristic

Characteristic
Monthly level

Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total
Men only
Women only
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part-time labor force

1.26
1.26

1.05
1.50

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18

1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00

Month-tomonth change

1.01

1.21

.97
.97

1.08
1.21

1.04
1.04

1.13
1.24

Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration of
unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Black:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Table J. Factors to be used with tables D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages,
and change in yearly averages
Factor
Characteristic

Year-to-year
change of monthly
estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in
yearly
averages

1.30
1.30
1.40

0.89
.83
.74

0.80
.80
.80

0.72
.58
.46

0.70
.70
.70

1.30
1.30
1.40

.88
.82
.74

.88
.88
.88

.67
.57
.46

.70
.70
.60

1.40
1.40

.76
.69

.88
.88

.50
.39

.65
.54

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Part time
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total or white
Black or teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time

256




Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly levels, to be used with CPS earnings data
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Total

Women

Men

Estimated quarterly level
Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers

10
50
75
100

150
200
250
300
500
750
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
5,000
7,500
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
75,000
100,000




5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
76
83
107
130
149
180
205
226
224
273
296
331
343

Total or
white
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
85
93
119
145
165
198
224
244
261
286
301
304
255

Total or full-time workers

Part-time
workers
Black
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
46
53
63
72
79
85
100
107
102
102

Total
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
144
187
192
207
219
233

White

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
117
140
157
183
199
209
212
201
160
160

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
116
138
155
179
193
199
198
174
100

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
29
37
45
50
59
65
69
71
64
64

Total, full-time, or
part-time workers
Total or
white
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
145
173
195
211
224
242
249

Black
5
11
13
15
19
21
24
26
33
41
46
56
63
69
74
85
88

257

Establishment Data
(Tables B-1 through C-8)
COLLECTION
Payroll reports provide current information on wage and
salary employment, hours, and earnings in nonfarm establishments, by industry and geographic location. Historical
statistics are published in Employment, Hours, and Earnings,
United States, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States
and Areas, and their supplements.
Federal-State cooperation
Under cooperative arrangements, responding establishments report employment, hours, and earnings data to State
agencies. State agencies mail the forms to the establishments
and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the reported data to prepare State
and area series and also send the reported data to the BLS
(Washington Office) for use in preparing the national series.
This avoids a duplicate reporting burden on establishments,
and, together with the use of similar estimating techniques
at the national and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates.
Shuttle schedules
Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and
Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent each
month so that the next month's data can be entered on the
space allotted for that month. This "shuttle" procedure
assures maximum comparability and accuracy of reporting,
since the respondent can see the figures that have been
reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total
number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of nonfarm establishments and, for most industries, employment,
payroll, and hours of production and related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay period which includes the
12th of the month.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified
into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume.
Since January 1980, this information is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports
filed by employers. For an establishment making more than
one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the
258




industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Nation (beginning with August 1990 data) and for States and
areas (beginning with January 1990 data) are classified in
accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) Manual, Office of Management and Budget. The BLS
tabulates and estimates statistics which distinguish between
private and public establishments, thus maintaining continuity
with previously published statistics for the private and
government sector.
Industry employment
Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received
pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th
of the month. For Federal Government establishments,
employment figures represent the number of persons who
occupied positions on the last day of the calendar month.
Intermittent workers are counted if they performed any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid
volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic
workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included.
Government employment covers only civilian employees;
military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central
Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency are
also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick
leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid
holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the
pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike
during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not
counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on leave
without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who were
hired but have not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of employment change (table B-7).
These indexes measure the dispersion among industries of
the change in employment over the specified time span.
Beginning with August 1990 data, the overall indexes are
calculated from 356 seasonally adjusted employment series
(three-digit industries) covering all nonfarm payroll employment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffusion indexes are based on 139 three-digit industries.
To derive the indexes, each component industry is assigned
a value of 0, 50, or 100 percent, depending on whether its
employment showed a decrease, no change, or an increase,
respectively, over the time span. The average value (mean) is
then calculated, and this percent is the diffusion index number.
The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent,
the value which indicates that the same number of component

industries had increased as had decreased. Index numbers
above 50 show that more industries had increasing employment, and values below 50 indicate that more had decreasing
employment. The margin between the percent that increased
and the percent that decreased is equal to the difference
between the index and its complement, i.e., 100 minus the
index. For example, an index of 65 percent means that 30
percent more industries had increasing employment than had
decreasing employment (65-(100-65)=30). However, for
dispersion analysis, the distance of the index number from
the 50-percent reference point is the most significant
observation.
Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpreted as
showing the percent of components that increased over the
time span, it should be remembered that the index reflects
half of the unchanged components as well. (This is the effect of assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged components when computing the index.)
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports
of payrolls and hours for production and related workers in
manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private serviceproducing industries.
Production and related workers include working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group
leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing,
assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling, maintenance,
repair, janitorial, guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant),
recordkeeping, and other services closely associated with the
above production operations.
Construction workers include the following employees in
the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified
craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers,
etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair,
maintenance, etc., whether working at the site of construction or working in shops or yards at jobs (such as precutting
and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the
construction trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not above
the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research
aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, line
installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services are
closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th
of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions of




any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insurance,
Group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union dues; also
included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation, and sick
leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and
paid regularly each pay period); other pay not earned in the
pay period reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips; and the value
of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such as health and other types
of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc., paid by the
employer) are also excluded.
Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period which
includes the 12th of the month for production, construction,
or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours paid for
holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is received
directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production or
related workers for which overtime premiums were paid
because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of
either the straight-time workday or the workweek during the
pay period which included the 12th of the month. Weekend
and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums
were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard,
incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are
excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates
to the average hours for which pay was received and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled
hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further
reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate
weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's
aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures for 1982.
For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product
of average weekly hours and production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry
aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum of the component
aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that
portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular
hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If an
employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular rates,
receiving as total compensation his or her holiday pay plus
straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime
hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition,
weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in
the same direction from month to month. Such factors as
work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not
have the same influence on overtime hours as on average
hours. Diverse trends at the industry group level also may
be caused by a marked change in hours for a component
259

industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the
previous and current months.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on
a ' 'gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors
as premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changes
in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They also
reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively
high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups and
divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings
for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period
of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of
work or time. The earnings series do not measure the level
of total labor costs on the part of the employer since the
following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items,
payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by
employers, and earnings for those employees not covered
under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage
payments. These series are compiled only for aircraft (SIC
3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing. The same concepts and estimation methods
apply to these series as apply to the average hourly earnings
series described above; the one difference between the series
is definitional. The payroll data used to calculate this series
include lump-sum payments made to production workers in
lieu of general wage rate increases; such payments are excluded from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate
the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 and SIC 3761
covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data
are adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year and
cover the following 12-month period. In order to spread the
payment across this time period, a prorated portion of the
payment is added to the payroll each month. This prorated
portion is adjusted by an exit rate to reduce the lump-sum
amount to account for persons who received the payment but
left before the payment allocation period expired.
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay are computed
by dividing the total production worker payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours
and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are
made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time
and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads
(excluding switching and terminal companies) are based on
260



monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees
except executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC group
I) who received pay during the month. Average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total
hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by
dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a
weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above.
Average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average
weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but
also by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly
variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time
workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees
are not paid may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-term trends of average weekly earnings can be affected by structural changes in the makeup of the work force.
For example, persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced average workweeks in these
industries and have affected the average weekly earnings
series.
Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are
calculated from the earnings averages for the current month
using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price Index for
Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W).
ESTIMATING METHODS
The principal features of the procedure used to estimate
employment for the establishment statistics are (1) the use
of the "link relative" technique, which is a form of ratio
estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of employment levels
to new benchmarks; and (3) the use of size and regional
stratification.
The "link relative" technique
From a sample composed of establishments reporting for
both the previous and current months, the ratio of currentmonth employment to that of the previous month is computed. This is called a "link relative." The estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month
by these "link relatives." In addition, bias correction factors are applied to most employment estimates each month.
The size of the bias correction factors is determined from
past benchmark comparisons. Beginning with data for April
1983, these factors are modified by changes in the

sample link relatives for the most recent quarter. Other
features of the general procedures are described in table L.

a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size stratum of a region
within an industry.

Size and regional stratification

Benchmark adjustments

A number of industries are stratified by size of establishment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the hours and earnings for aggregation into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment, hours, or
earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a whole industry or

Employment estimates are compared periodically with
benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for the
various nonfarm industries, and appropriate adjustments are
made as indicated. The industry estimates are currently projected from March 1989 levels. Benchmark adjustments are
made annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are

Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or
region/size cell)

Employment, hours,
and earnings

Aggregate industry level (division and,
where stratified, industry)

Monthly data
All employees....

. . . . All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by
ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month, for sample establishments
which reported for both months.1

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
employees

Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells.

All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by
(1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to
all employees in sample establishments for current
month, (2) estimated ratio of women to all employees.2

Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates,
or estimates of women employees, for component cells.

Average weekly hours . . . .

. . . . Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by
number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2

Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory
worker employment, of the average weekly hours for
component cells.

Average weekly overtime h o u r s . . . .

. . . . Production worker overtime hours divided by number
of production workers.2

Average, weighted by production worker employment, of
the average weekly overtime hours for component cells.

^erage hourly earnings . . .

. . . . Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll
divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker
hours.2

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average
hourly earnings for component cells.

Average weekly earnings . . . .

. . . . Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Annual average data
All employees, women employees, and
production or nonsupervisory workers

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Average weekly hours

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by average
weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment

Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers.

Average weekly overtime h o u r s . . . .

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (production
worker employment multiplied by average weekly
overtime hours) divided by annual sum of employment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for production
workers divided by annual sum of employment for
these workers.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by weekly
hours and hourly earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by annual
aggregate hours.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Average hourly earnings . . . .

Average weekly earnings

....

1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed
enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly
hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by




a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising
mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure
accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and,
at the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest
sample average.

261

employment data, by industry, compiled quarterly by State
agencies from reports of establishments covered under State
unemployment insurance laws. These tabulations cover about
98 percent of employees on nonfarm payrolls in the United
States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained from
the records of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate
Commerce Commission, and a number of other agencies in
private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared with
new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are
necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new benchmark and
the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry
is then carried forward progressively to the current month
by use of the sample trends. Thus, under this procedure, the
benchmark is used to establish the level of employment; the
sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in
the level. A comparison of the actual amounts of revisions
made at the time of the March 1990 benchmark adjustment
is shown in table M.
Normally, data for all months since the last benchmark
to which the series has been adjusted are subject to revision.
Revised data are published as soon as possible after each
benchmark revision.
THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is
known as "sampling proportionate to average size of
establishment." This design is an optimum allocation design
among strata since the sampling variance is proportional to
the average size of establishments. Under this type of design,
large establishments fall into the sample with certainty. The
size of the sample for the various industries is determined
empirically on the basis of experience and of cost considerations. In a manufacturing industry in which a high proportion of total employment is concentrated in relatively few
establishments, a larger percent of total employment is
Table M. Comparison of nonfarm employment benchmarks and
estimates for March 1990

included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for
such industries provides for a complete census of the large
establishments with only a few chosen from among the
smaller establishments or none at all if the concentration of
employment is great enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is
in small establishments, the sample design calls for inclusion of all large establishments and also for a substantial
number of the small ones. Many industries in the trade and
services divisions fall into this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by available resources,
it is necessary to design samples for these industries with
a smaller proportion of universe employment than is the case
for most manufacturing industries. Since individual
establishments in these nonmanufacturing divisions generally
show less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than do establishments in manufacturing industries,
these smaller samples (in terms of employment) generally
produce reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS establishment survey program,
with its emphasis on producing timely data at minimum cost,
a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of
a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide
reasonably reliable estimates that can be published promptly and regularly. The present sample meets these specifications for most industries. With its use, the BLS is able to produce preliminary estimates each month for many industries
and for many geographic levels within a few weeks after the
reference period, and, at a somewhat late date, statistics in
considerably greater industrial detail.
Coverage
The BLS sample of establishment employment and payrolls
is the largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social
statistics. Table N shows the latest benchmarks and the approximate proportion of total employment in each industry
division covered by the group of establishments furnishing
monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions
shown.
Reliability

(Numbers in thousands)
Difference
Industry

Benchmark

Estimate
Level

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government

262




Percent

109,114
692
4,865
19,160

109,343
715
4,906
19,109

-229
-23
-41
51

-0.2
-3.3
- .8
.3

5,735
6,167
19,302

5,750
6,326
19,361

-15
-159
-59

-.3
-2.6
-.3

6,681
27,944
18,568

6,774
27,866
18,536

-93
78
32

-1.4
.3
.2

Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment
sample assures a high degree of accuracy, the estimates
derived from it may differ from the figures that would be
obtained if it were possible to take a complete census using
the same schedules and procedures. As discussed under the
previous section, a link relative technique is used to estimate
employment. This requires the use of the previous month's
estimate as the base in computing the current month's
estimate. Thus, small sampling and response errors may accumulate over several months. To remove this accumulated
error, the estimates are adjusted annually to new
benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and

Table N. Employment benchmarks and approximate coverage
of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 1990
Sample coverage1
Industry

Total

Benchmarks Number of
(thousands) establishments

Employees
Number
Percent of
(thousands) benchmarks

109,114

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government:
Federal
State
Local

289,390

40,714

37

692
4,865
19,160

3,314
26,593
52,304

279
963
9,236

40
20
48

5,735
6,167
19,302

214,686
25,029
57,331

22,370
1,153
4,214

41
19
22

6,681
27,944

21,395
66,947

2,110
6,506

32
23

3,082
4,386
11,100

(3)
5,175
16,616

3,082
3,498
7,303

100
80
66

1
Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Since not all establishments
report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings estimates are based
on a smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete count of employment for Class I railroads. A small sample is used to estimate hours and earnings data.
3
Total Federal employment counts by agency for use in national estimates
are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry
estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal
employment, are based on a sample of 6,000 reports covering about 58 percent of employment in Federal establishments.

in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments. Another cause of differences arises from improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O
presents the average percent revisions of the five most recent benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed
descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are available
from the Bureau upon request.
The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating cells
are not subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader
groupings may be affected slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings estimates, however,
are subject to sampling errors, which may be expressed as
relative errors of the estimates. (A relative error is a standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate.) Relative
errors for major industries are presented in table O and for
individual industries with the specified number of employees
in table P. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours
and earnings estimates from the sample would differ by a
smaller percentage than the relative error from the averages
that would have been obtained from a complete census.
One measure of the reliability of the employment estimates
for individual industries is the root-mean-square error
(RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for
the bias in estimates:
RMSE

Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment
estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)

Industry

Total
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade . . .
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government3

Average
benchmark
revision in
employment
estimates1

Relative error2
Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

.3
2.6
1.3
.7
.6
.9
.6
1.5
.5

0.1
1.0
.2
.1
.1
.1
.7
.2
.2

0.2
1.3
.5
.2
.3
.2
.6
.4
.4

.6
.4
.3

.2
.4
-

.4
.6
-

0.2

=
=

V

(standard deviation)2

If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that
an estimate from the sample would differ from its benchmark
by less than the root-mean-square error. The chances are
about 19 out of 20 that the difference would be less than twice
the root-mean-square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based on
the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences between
final estimates and benchmarks are presented in table P.
For the two most recent months, estimates of employment,
hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so footnoted in
the tables. These figures are based on less than the total sample and are revised when all the reports in the sample have
been received. Table Q presents root-mean-square errors of
Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings

1

The average percent revision in employment for the 1986-90 benchmarks.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
3
Data for government are based on a total count for Federal Government
provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a sample of State and
local government reports.
2

response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts the estimates
for changes in the industrial classification of individual
establishments (resulting from changes in their product which
are not reflected in the levels of estimates until the data are
adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed
industry levels, particularly within manufacturing, changes




(bias)2

Size of employment estimate

50,000 . . .
100,000 . .
200,000 . .
500,000 . .
1,000,000 .
2,000,000 .
1
2

Root-meansquare
error of
employment
estimates1
2,100
3,900
5,600
14,000
15,000
26,000

Relative error2
(in percent)
Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

2.2
1.3
1.1
.9
.8
.5

4.0
2.3
2.0
1.6
1.2
.9

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

263

the amounts of revisions that may be expected between the
preliminary and final levels of employment and preliminary
and final month-to-month changes. Revisions of preliminary
hours and earnings estimates are normally not greater than
0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1 cent for hourly
earnings.

STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
State and area employment, hours, and earnings data are
collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with
BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Defini-

tions for all areas are published each year in the issue of
Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may
be obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back
cover of each issue. These statistics are based on the same
establishment reports used by BLS for preparing national
estimates. For employment, the sum of the State figures may
differ slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a
national basis, because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification.

Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Root-mean-square error of—
Industry

Monthly
level

Month-to-month
change

Total

77,500

78,300

Total private

60,600

58,900

Goods-producing industries

20,700

20,900

Mining
Oil and gas extraction

3,400
2,800

3,000
2,500

Construction
General building contractors

12,800
5,300

13,600
5,500

Manufacturing

14,100

14,400

12,200
2,100
1,500
1,400
3,800

11,600
1,900
1,400
1,400
3,300

2,600
2,200

2,300
2,100

3,900

3,300

4,100
6,800
5,700
2,000
1,700

3,800
6,600
6,100
2,100
1,600

7,500
5,100
1,000
1,900

7,600
4,600
900
1,700

3,300
1,700

3,300
1,500

Root-mean-square error of—
Industry

Monthly
level

Month-to-month
change

2,000
2,600
1,200

1,900
2,800
1,100

1,600
1,300

1,600
1,200

70,600

69,600

12,800
10,500
5,000

11,600
9,000
4,500

7,200
5,000
4,500

6,200
4,200
3,900

34,300
20,700
6,300

28,600
18,500
5,500

4,200
8,200

5,000
6,400

7,500
4,300
3,600
4,000

6,400
3,900
3,100
3,600

Services
Business services
Health services

31,300
12,100
8,200

32,800
11,800
7,900

Government
Federal
State
Local

54,200
17,500
20,700
36,300

48,000
14,000
17,200
36,800

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products . .
Petroleum and coal products . ..
Rubber and misc. plastics
products
Leather and leather products . . .
Service-producing industries

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products . . . .
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products .
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic
steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery
and equipment
Electronic and other
electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment.
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing....
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile
products
Paper and allied products

Transportation and public utilities . . . .
Transportation
Communications and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and
service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate . .
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

NOTE: Errors are based on differences from January 1985 through December 1990. Data used in the computations for several industries are not strictly
comparable due to changes in the industrial classification system.

264




Productivity Data
(Tables C-9 through C-11)
COLLECTION
Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics from establishment and household survey labor input data and from measures of compensation and outpilt supplied by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the Federal
Reserve Board.
CONCEPTS
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural
establishments (table C-9) refer to hours paid for all
employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers,
and salaried workers. For productivity and cost measures
(tables C-10, 11), hours of all persons include hours of
employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. Labor
input is measured by hours at the work site.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final goods
and services produced in a given period. Indexes of output
per hour of all persons (productivity) measure changes in
the volume of goods and services produced per hour at work.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries of
employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance
and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate
of wages, salaries, and supplementary payments for the selfemployed, except for nonfinancial corporations, in which
there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per hour adjusted by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).

Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost required to produce one unit of output and are derived by
dividing compensation per hour by output per hour.
Unit nonlaborpayments include profits, capital consump-

tion allowances, interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes per unit of output. They are computed by subtracting compensation of all persons from the current-dollar
gross product originating in the sector and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor payments except unit profits.
Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the
current-dollar estimate of gross product by the constantdollar estimate, making the deflator, in effect, a price index
for gross product of the sector reported.
NOTES ON THE DATA
For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector,
these indexes relate to the gross domestic product less general
government, households and institutions, owner-occupied
housing, and the statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic
product of nonfinancial corporate business. All measures are
seasonally adjusted.
Manufacturing output data are supplied by the Bureau of
Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, and the
Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to annual estimates
of output (gross product originating) from the Bureau of
•Economic Analysis.
Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear
in Trends in Multifactor Productivity•, 1948-81, BLS Bulletin
2178. Additional information may be obtained from the
Office of Productivity and Technology (202-523-9261).

State and Area Labor Force Data
(D table)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor
market areas (LMA'S), and other areas covered under Federal
assistance programs are developed by State employment
security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative program.
The local unemployment estimates which are derived from
standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis for
determining eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal
programs such as the Job Training and Partnership Act, the
Economic Dislocation and Worker Adjustment Assistance
Act, and the Urban Development Action Grant program.
Annual average data for the States and areas shown in table




D are published in Employment and Earnings (usually the
May issue). For regions, States, selected metropolitan areas,
and central cities, annual average data classified by selected
demographic, social, and economic characteristics are
published in the BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other small
areas have been prepared for administration of various Federal
economic assistance programs and may be ordered from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The report''Unemployment in
States and Local Areas" is published monthly through GPO and
is available in microfiche form only, on a subscription basis.
265

ESTIMATING METHODS
Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment
estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, and over 2,600 labor market areas. The
estimation methods are described below for States (and the
District of Columbia) and for sub-State areas. A more
detailed description of the estimation procedure is contained
in the BLS document, "Manual for Developing Local Area
Unemployment Statistics."
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force and
unemployment estimates for the 11 largest States—California,
Florida, Dlinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New
York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas—are
sufficiently reliable to be taken directly from the Current
Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly basis. These are
termed "direct-use States." For a description of the CPS
concepts, see "Household Data," above.
For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia,
which do not use the CPS directly each month, regression
models (sets of equations) are used to develop employment
and unemployment estimates. These, then, are the "nondirect-use" States. The regression techniques are based on
historical and current relationships found within each State's
economy as reflected in the different sources of data that are
available for each State—the CPS, the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) survey, and the unemployment insurance (Ul)
system. When the estimation procedures were introduced in
1989, over 10 years of data were used to develop the
equations for each State. While all the State models have
important variables in common, they differ somewhat from
one another so as to better reflect individual State characteristics.
Two models—one for employment and one for the
unemployment rate—are used for each State. The unemployment rate, rather than the unemployment level, is modeled,
primarily because the rate is usually more meaningful for
economic analysis.
The employment models use the CES estimates of nonfarm
wage and salary jobs and also include data for employed
persons not covered or only partially covered by the CES
survey. Typically, these are agricultural workers, the selfemployed, unpaid family workers, and private household
workers.
The unemployment rate models also include different types
of data. Data for Ul claimants (without earnings due to employment) are used to represent most of the experienced
unemployed. The models also include an employment-topopulation ratio which reflects both the business cycle and
the experienced unemployed not covered by the Ul claims
data. New entrants and reentrants into the labor force are
also reflected in the models. For some States, the models
include variables which reflect seasonal factors not reflected
in the other data used, such as the large increase in the labor
force at the end of the school year.
In both the employment and unemployment rate models,
266




an important feature is the use of a technique that allows the
equations to adjust automatically to structural changes that
occur. The models are termed "variable coefficient models"
because they include a built-in tuning mechanism, known as
the Kalman Filter, which revises a model's coefficients when
the new data that become available each month indicate that
changes in the data relationships have taken place. Once the
estimates are developed from the models, the unemployment
level and labor force estimates are calculated.
Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, monthly
estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and the District
of Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the
annual average CPS estimates. The benchmarking technique
employs a procedure (called the Denton method) which
adjusts the annual average of the models to equal the CPS
annual average, while preserving, as much as possible, the
original monthly seasonal pattern of the model estimates.
In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction is
required, as the average of the 12 monthly State CPS
estimates will equal the CPS annual averages.
Estimates for sub-State areas
Monthly labor force and employment estimates for two
large sub-State areas—New York City and the Los AngelesLong Beach metropolitan area—are obtained directly from
the CPS. Estimates for all other sub-State areas, more than
2,600 labor market areas (LMA'S), are prepared through indirect estimation techniques, described below.
Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilian
employment estimates are based on CES data. These "placeof-work" estimates must be adjusted to refer to place-ofresidence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from
place-of-work to place-of-residence have been developed for
several categories of employment on the basis of employment
relationships at the time of the 1980 decennial census. These
factors are applied to the CES estimates for the current period
to obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which are added
estimates for employment not represented in the CES—
agriculture, nonagricultural self-employed and unpaid family
workers, and private household workers.
Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the current month,
the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the estimates
for each of three categories: (1) persons who were previously
employed in industries covered by State Ul laws; (2) those
previously employed in industries not covered by these laws;
and (3) those who were entering the civilian labor force for
the first time or reentering after a period of separation.
Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employment
and unemployment are prepared for the State and LMA'S
within the State. The LMA estimates geographically exhaust
the entire State. Thus, a proportional adjustment must be
applied to all sub-State LMA estimates to ensure that they add
to the independently estimated State totals for employment
and unemployment.

Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State
estimates are revised. The revisions incorporate any changes
in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based employment
figures, corrections in claims counts, and updated historical

relationships. The corrected estimates are then readjusted to
add to the revised (benchmarked) State estimates of
employment and unemployment.

Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp
fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in
weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major
holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. Because
these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical and
other nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating
changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note
that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based
on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a
broader margin of possible error than the original data on
which they are based, since they are subject not only to
sampling and other errors but are also affected by the
uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself.
Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and
establishment-based data are published monthly in
Employment and Earnings.
Since January 1980, national labor force data have been
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll ARIMA
(Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was
developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the standard
X-ll method. A detailed description of the procedure appears
in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method by Estela
Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E,
January 1983.
At the beginning of each calendar year, projected seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated for use during the JanuaryJune period. In July of each year, BLS calculates and
publishes in Employment and Earnings projected seasonal
adjustment factors for use in the second half, based on the
experience through June. Revisions of historical data for the
most recent 5 years are made only at the beginning of each
calendar year. However, as a result of the revisions to the
estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980 census population
counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982
were carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For
example, for each of the three major labor force components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural
employment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age
groups (men and women under and over 20 years of age)




are separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then
added to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The
seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum of eight
seasonally adjusted civilian employment components, plus
the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for seasonally),
and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the
total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment
components; and the overall unemployment rate is derived
by dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment by
the estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of various series, components will not
necessarily add to totals.
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor force
series based on the experience through December, new seasonal
adjustment factors to be used to calculate the civilian
unemployment rate for the first 6 months of the following year,
and a description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure
are published in each January issue of Employment and
Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the revision
period for a broader range of labor force series are published
in the February issue of this publication.
Since the early 1980's, the BLS has also used the X-ll
ARIMA procedure to seasonally adjust establishment-based
employment, hours, and earnings data. The X-ll ARIMA
program has been run once each year after benchmarking
and seasonal adjustment factors have been projected and
published for 12 months ahead (April-March). Beginning
in June 1989, with the introduction of the March 1988
benchmarks, the Bureau introduced a modification to this
procedure to parallel that used in seasonally adjusting
household survey data. Projected seasonal adjustment factors
are calculated and published twice a year. Revisions of
historical data will continue to be made once a year,
coincident with benchmark revisions.
All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative
models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors are
directly applied to the component levels. Seasonally adjusted
totals for most of these series are then obtained by taking
a weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data for the
component series.
Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the
product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and
seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average weekly
earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are
obtained by dividing average weekly earnings, seasonally
adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Indes
for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), and
267

multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsupervisory
workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the 1982 annual
average base. For total private, total goods-producing, total
private service-producing, and major industry divisions, the
indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are
obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally
adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing
by the 1982 annual average base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number of
series characterized by small seasonal components relative to
their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These failed or
unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series, however, are used in
the aggregation to broader level seasonally adjusted series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government
employment are derived from unadjusted data which include
Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal
Service. The number of temporary census workers for the

268




decennial census, however, are removed prior to the
calculation of seasonal adjustment factors.
BLS has developed an extension of X-ll ARIMA to allow
it to adjust more adequately for the effects of the presence
or absence of religious holidays in the April survey reference
period and of Labor Day in the September reference period.
This extension was applied for the first time at the end of
1989 to three persons-at-work labor force series which tested
as having significant and well-defined effects in their April
data associated with the timing of Easter. This extension was
also used for the seasonal adjustment of many of the establishment-based series on average weekly hours and manufacturing overtime hours, starting with the computation of the
projected factors for the period beginning in April 1990.
Revised seasonally adjusted establishment-based series based
on the experience through March 1991, new seasonal
adjustment factors for May-October 1991, and a description
of the current seasonal adjustment procedure appear in the
June 1991 issue of Employment and Earnings.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Regional Office

Cooperating State Agencies
Current Employment Statistics (CES) and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Programs
BLS
Region

REGION I-BOSTON
1 Congress Street
10th Floor
Boston, MA 02114
Phone: (617) 565-2327
REGION II—NEW YORK
Room 808
201 Varick Street
New York, NY 10014
Phone: (212) 337-2400
REGION III—PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, PA 19101
Phone: (215) 596-1154
REGION IV—ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street, NE.
Atlanta, GA 30367
Phone: (404) 347-4416
REGION V—CHICAGO
9th Floor
230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604
Phone: (312) 353-1880
REGION VI—DALLAS
Room 221
Federal Building
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, TX 75202
Phone: (214) 767-6970
REGIONS VII and VIII—
KANSAS CITY
15th Floor
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, MO 64106
Phone: (816) 426-2481
REGIONS IX and X—
SAN FRANCISCO
71 Stevenson Street
P.O. Box 193766
San Francisco, CA 94119
Phone: (415) 744-6600




IV

ALABAMA

X

ALASKA

Department of Industrial Relations, Room 427,
Industrial Relations Bldg., Montgomery 36130
Department of Labor, Research and Analysis
Section, 1111 West 8th St., Juneau 99802-5501
IX ARIZONA
Department of Economic Security, 1300 West
Washington St., Phoenix 85005
VI ARKANSAS
Employment Security Department.
P.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 72203-2981
IX CALIFORNIA
Employment Development Department, Employment Data and Research Division, 7000
Franklin Blvd., Bldg. 1100, Sacramento 95823
VIII COLORADO
Department of Labor and Employment, Suite
801, 1120 Lincoln Street, Denver 80203
I
CONNECTICUT
Labor Department, Employment Security
Division, 200 Folly Brook Blvd,
Wethersfield 06109
III DELAWARE
Department of Labor, Office of Occupational
and Labor Market Information, P.O. Box 9029,
Newark 19714-9029
III DIST. OF COL.
Department of Employment Services, Division
of Labor Market Information and Analysis,
Room 201, 500 C St., NW., Washington,
DC 20001
IV FLORIDA
Florida Department of Labor and Employment
Security, Bureau of Labor Market Information,
Suite 203, 2574 Seagate Dr., Tallahassee
32399-0674
IV GEORGIA
Department of Labor, Labor Information
Systems, 148 International Blvd., NE.,
Atlanta 30303
IX HAWAII
Department of Labor and Industrial Relations,
Research and Statistics Office, Room 304,
830 Punchbowl St., Honolulu 96813
X IDAHO
Department of Employment, 317 Main St.,
Boise 83735
V ILLINOIS
Department of Employment Security, (2 South),
401 South State St., Chicago 60605
V INDIANA
Department of Employment and Training
Services, Statistical Services Division,
10 North Senate Avenue,
Indianapolis 46204
VII IOWA
Department of Employment Services, 1000 East
Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
VII KANSAS
Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka
Avenue, Topeka 66603
IV KENTUCKY
Department for Employment Services, Labor
Market Research and Analysis Branch,
275 East Main St., Frankfort 40621
VI LOUISIANA
Department of Labor, Research and Statistics
Section, 1001 North 23rd St., Baton Rouge
70804-9094
I
MAINE
Department of Labor, Division of Economic
Analysis and Research, 20 Union St.,
Augusta 04330
III MARYLAND
Department of Employment and Training,
Research and Analysis Division, 1100 North
Eutaw St., Baltimore 21201
I
MASSACHUSETTS Department of Employment and Training,
Government Center, Charles F. Hurley Bldg.,
Boston 02114
V MICHIGAN
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Statistics Division, Room 516, 7310
Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
V MINNESOTA
Department of Jobs and Training, Research
and Statistics Division, 5th Fl., 390 North
Robert St., St. Paul 55101
IV MISSISSIPPI
Employment Security Commission, Labor
Market Information Division, P.O. Box 1699,
Jackson 39215-1699
VII MISSOURI
Division of Employment Security, P.O. Box 59,
Jefferson City 65104

BLS
Region
Department of Labor and Industry, P.O. Box
1728, Helena 59624
Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln
68509-4600
Employment Security Department, 500 East
IX NEVADA
3rd St., Carson City 89713
I
NEW HAMPSHIRE Department of Employment Security, 32 South
Main St., Concord 03301
II
Department of Labor, Division of Planning and
NEW JERSEY
Research, P.O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625
Employment Security Commission, 401 BroadVI NEW MEXICO
way, TIWA Bldg., Albuquerque 87103
II
Department of Labor, Division of Research and
NEW YORK
Statistics, State Campus, Room 400, Bldg. 12,
Albany 12240-0020
IV NORTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Box 25903,
Raleigh 27611
VIII NORTH DAKOTA Job Service, P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58502
Bureau of Employment Services, Labor Market
V OHIO
Information Division, 1160 Dublin Rd.,
Columbus 43215
Employment Security Commission, Research
VI OKLAHOMA
and Planning Division, 2401 North Lincoln,
Oklahoma City 73105
Employment Division, 875 Union St., NE.,
X OREGON
Salem 97311
Department of Labor and Industry, Research
III PENNSYLVANIA
and Statistics Division, Room 1216, 7th
and Forster Sts., Harrisburg 17121
II
Department of Labor and Human Resources,
PUERTO RICO
Bureau of Labor Statistics, 17th Fl., 505 Munoz
Rivera Avenue, Hato Rey 00918 (CES), Bureau
of Employment Security, Research and Analysis
Section, 15th Fl., 505 Munoz Rivera Avenue,
Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
I
RHODE ISLAND
Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason
St., Providence 02903
IV SOUTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Box 995,
Columbia 29202
Department of Labor, Labor Market Information
VIII SOUTH DAKOTA
Center, P.O. Box 4730, Aberdeen 57401
Department of Employment Security, Research
IV TENNESSEE
and Statistics Division, 519 Cordell Hull Office
Bldg., Nashville 37219
Employment Commission, Room 208-T, 1117
VI TEXAS
Trinity St., Austin 78778
VIII UTAH
Department of Employment Security, Labor
Market Information Services, P.O. Box 11249,
Salt Lake City 84147
I
VERMONT
Department of Employment and Training, Office
of Policy and Public Information, P.O. Box 488,
Montpelier 05602
III VIRGINIA
Employment Commission, Economic Information
Services, P.O. Box 1358, Richmond 23211
VIRGIN ISLANDS Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics,
II
53-A, 54-A&B Kronprindsens Gade Charlotte
Amalie, St. Thomas 00801-3359 (CES)
Employment Security Department, Labor Market
X WASHINGTON
and Economic Analysis Branch, 605 Woodview
Dr., Olympia 98503
III WEST VIRGINIA
Department of Employment Security, Division
of Labor and Economic Security, 112 California
Avenue, Charleston 25305
V WISCONSIN
Department of Industry, Labor, and Human
Relations, Labor Market Information Bureau,
201 East Washington Avenue, Madison 53707
VIII WYOMING
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Analysis Section, P.O. Box 2760,
Casper 82602
VIII

MONTANA

VII NEBRASKA