Full text of Employment and Earnings : February 1995

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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
February 1995




Monthly Household Data
Page

Historical
A-l.
A-2.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1961 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1984 to date

9
10

Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
A-3.
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin

11
12

A-5.

Employment and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age

14

Characteristics of the Employed
A-6.
A-7.

Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status
Employed persons by age and sex

15
16

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-8.
A-9.
A-10.
A-l 1.
A-12.

Unemployed persons by age and sex
Unemployment rates by age and sex
Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

16
17
18
19
19

Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
A-l 3.
A-14.
A-l5.
A-l 6.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school
enrollment, educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race

20
23
24
26

Characteristics of the Employed
A-17.
A-l8.
A-l 9.
A-20.
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.

Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
Employed persons by industry and occupation
Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by hours of work
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working
less than 35 hours and usual full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or
part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status

27
28
29
30
31
31
32
33
34

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.
A-32.
A-33.

Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons, total and full-time workers, by duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment

35
36
37
38
39
39
40
41

Persons Not in the Labor Force
A-34.

Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex

41

Multiple Jobholders
A-35.

Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics

42

Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans
A-36.
2




Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age

42

Monthly Establishment Data
Page

Historical
B-l.
B-2.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1944 to date
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date

43
44

Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment
National
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups
B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry
and manufacturing group
B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change
States
B-7.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry

47
49
50
51
52

Hours and Earnings
National
B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group
B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
B-1Q. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry
B-l i. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry

60
61
62
63

Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment
National
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
B-l3. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group

64
76

States and Areas
B-l4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

77

Hours and Earnings
National
B-l 5. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by detailed industry
B-l 5a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles
(SIC 3761) manufacturing
B-l6. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
B-l 7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars

118

States and Areas
B-l 8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in
States and selected areas

119

96
116
117

Monthly Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data
Seasonally Adjusted Data
C-l.
C-2.

Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions
Labor force status by State

123
125

Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
C-3.




Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas

130

Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error

Page

Introduction
Relation between the household and establishment series . . . .
Comparability of household data with other series
Comparability of payroll employment data with
other series

135
135
136

Household data
Collection and coverage
Concepts and definitions
Historical comparability
Changes in concepts and methods
Noncomparability of labor force levels
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Sampling
Selection of sample areas
Selection of sample households
Rotation of sample
Estimating methods
Noninterview adjustment
Ratio estimates
First stage
Second stage
Composite estimation procedure
Rounding of estimates
Reliability of the estimates
Nonsampling error
Sampling error
Tables 1-B through 1-H

137
137
137
140
140
141

Establishment data
Collection
Concepts

155
155
155

4




136

143
143
144
144
145
146
146
146
146
146
146
147
147
147
147
148

Establishment data—Continued
Estimating methods
Benchmarks
Monthly estimation
Stratification
Link relative technique
Bias adjustment
Summary of methodology table
The sample
Design
Coverage
Reliability
Measures of error tables
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error
Estimated standard errors for employment, hours,
and earnings
Standard errors for differences between industries
and times
Noneconomic code changes
Revisions between preliminary and final data
Statistics for States and areas

157
158
158
158
158
158
159
160
160
161
161
161
161
161
162
162
162
165

Regional, State, and area labor force data
Federal-State cooperative program
Estimating methods
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates
Benchmark correction procedures
Estimates for sub-State areas
Preliminary estimate:
Employment
Unemployment
Sub-State adjustment for additivity
Benchmark correction

168
168
168
168
168
169
169

Seasonal adjustment

170

169
169
169
169

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, January 1995

Unemployment rose in January and nonfarm payroll job
growth slowed. After declining markedly during 1994, the
Nation's jobless rate rose by 0.3 percentage point to 5.7
percent.
The number of nonfarm payroll jobs (as measured by the
survey of employers) increased by 134,000 in January, af­
ter having risen by nearly 750,000 in the prior 2 months.
Total employment (as measured by the survey of house­
holds) was little changed over the month.

Unemployment
The number of unemployed persons increased by 343,000
to 7.5 million in January, and the unemployment rate rose
by 0.3 percentage point to 5.7 percent, after seasonal ad­
justment. Unemployment had been on a downward trend
in 1994; the level had declined by 1.6 million, and the job­
less rate had fallen by 1.3 percentage points, from 6.7 per­
cent in January to 5.4 percent in December. (See table A3.)
Among the major worker groups, adult men accounted
for much of the January increase in unemployment; their
jobless rate was up by 0.3 percentage point over the month
to 5.0 percent. The rate for adult women (4.9 percent) rose
slightly, while that for teenagers (16.7 percent) was little
changed from the prior month. The rate for Hispanics rose
to 10.2 percent in January, equaling that for blacks for the
first time (Hispanic data first became available in 1973).
The rate for whites, at 4.9 percent, changed little from the
December figure. (See tables A-3 and A-4.)
The rise in joblessness reflected primarily an increase in
the number of newly unemployed persons (less than 5 weeks
duration). Their number rose by 350,000 over the month to
2.9 million. There also was an increase in the number of
unemployed persons on temporary layoff—those expecting
to be recalled to their jobs. At 1.1 million in January, the
number of such workers was up by 131,000 from the prior
month. (See tables A-12 and A-11.)
The number of persons working part time for economic
reasons—sometimes referred to as the partially unem­
ployed—increased by 271,000 over the month to 4.7 mil­
lion. (See table A-6.)

Total employment and the labor force
The number of employed persons was about unchanged
over the month, at 124.6 million (seasonally adjusted). That
measure had increased substantially during the last half of




1994. The employment-population ratio—the proportion
of the working-age population with jobs—was 63.0 per­
cent for the third consecutive month. (See table A-3.) A
total of 7.2 million workers (not seasonally adjusted), or
5.8 percent of all employed persons, held two or more jobs
in January (table A-35).
At 132.1 million, the number of persons in the labor force
rose by 411,000 over the month. The labor force partici­
pation rate was up by 0.2 percentage point to 66.8 percent.
Compared with a year ago, the labor force has risen by 1.5
million. (See table A-3.)

Persons not in the labor force
The number of persons with a marginal attachment to
the labor force—those who wanted and were available for
work, but were no longer actively looking for jobs after
having searched sometime in the past 12 months—was 1.8
million (not seasonally adjusted) in January. Of that num­
ber, those who were not looking because they believed their
prospects for finding jobs were poor—discouraged work­
ers—totaled 440,000. (See table A-34.)

Industry payroll employment
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 134,000 in
January, seasonally adjusted, following generally larger
gains throughout 1994. Manufacturing continued to add
jobs at a brisk pace, but job growth in services and retail
trade was considerably slower than in recent months. (See
table B-3.)
Manufacturing employment continued its upward trend
in January with a seasonally adjusted increase of 39,000.
Gains were concentrated in motor vehicles, fabricated met­
als, industrial machinery, and rubber and plastics. These
industries, along with electronic equipment, have accounted
for the bulk of the manufacturing job growth in the past
several months. The large increase in automobile jobs
(16,000) reflected continued production in factories that
typically shut down at the beginning of the year to adjust
inventories. Employment growth of 27,000 in the con­
struction industry in January was boosted by relatively mild
temperatures across the Nation.
Services employment increased by 53,000 in January,
the smallest monthly gain in nearly 2 years. Business ser­
vices had its smallest rise since last spring, despite another
gain in its personnel supply component. Health services,
5

where growth has been limited by the drive for cost con­
tainment, also had relatively weak growth for the month.
Weather-related job declines occurred in amusement and
recreation services, where the lack of snow affected the ski
industry, and in agricultural services, which suffered from
the flooding in California. On the positive side, there was
continued strength in social services, engineering and man­
agement services, auto repair, and motion pictures.
Retail trade employment was virtually unchanged in Janu­
ary, following substantial gains in the prior 4 months. Siz­
able declines in general merchandise stores and eating and
drinking places in January partially countered large in­
creases experienced by these industries at the end of 1994.
Jobs in the transportation and public utilities industry rose
by 15,000 in January, as growth continued in trucking and
warehousing. Wholesale trade employment increased by
16,000, continuing its pace of job growth set over the past
year. In contrast, government employment decreased by
32,000 over the month. Most of this drop was in Federal
employment, reflecting continued downsizing, as well as
the dismissal of a large number of workers from the Postal
Service who had been hired for the holiday season.

Weekly hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.3 hour
in January to 34.9 hours, seasonally adjusted. The work­
week for manufacturing workers was unchanged over the
month at 42.2 hours, while factory overtime edged up 0.1
hour to a new high of 4.9 hours. The index of aggregate
weekly hours of private production or nonsupervisory work­
ers on nonfarm payrolls increased 1.0 percent to 132.3
(1982=100). The manufacturing index rose by 0.3 percent
to 107.5, as a result of the increase in employment. (See
tables B-8 and B-9.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of private production or
nonsupervisory workers rose 7 cents in January to $11.32,
seasonally adjusted. Similar large increases last January
and again in October were followed by 2 months of no
(net) change. Average weekly earnings in January climbed
1.5 percent to $395.07. Over the year, hourly earnings rose
by 2.7 percent and weekly earnings by 3.0 percent. (See
tables B-ll andB-15.)

Planned Changes in State and Area Estimates
Beginning with the release of data for January 1995 in March, estimates for State labor force data will be revised
to reflect the implementation of updated inputs to the regression models and the introduction of revised 1990
census-based population controls. The new inputs affect data for the 39 nondirect-use States and the District of
Columbia. (More information on the regression models is available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of
Local Area Unemployment Statistics, 202-606-6405.) Monthly historical series from 1990 through 1994 will be
replaced with reestimated series. These series also will be reseasonally adjusted based on recomputed seasonal
adjustment factors. The introduction of revised 1990 census-based population figures affects data for all States from
1990 forward. Sub-State data also will be affected since they are controlled to State totals.
All nonfarm payroll employment estimates will be adjusted to March 1994 benchmark levels. These revisions
will affect data from April 1994 forward. Seasonally adjusted employment data from January 1990 forward will be
revised to incorporate the recomputation of seasonal adjustment factors.
Publication of data for nine new metropolitan areas will be introduced in tables B-14 and C-3.




Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month

Release date

1 Reference month

Release date

February

March 10

May

June 2

March

April 7

June

July 7

April

May 5

July

August 4

Summary table A. Major labor force status categories, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1995

Category
Jan.

Mar.

Feb.

May

Apr.

July

Aug.

Sept.

Jan.

Labor force status

Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Percent of population
Unemployed
Not in labor force

195,953
130,643
66.7
121,903
62.2
8,740
65,310

196,090
130,784
66.7
122,208
62.3
8,576
65,306

196,213
130,706
66.6
122,160
62.3
8,546
65,507

196,363
130,787
66.6
122,402
62.3
8,385
65,576

196.510
130,699
66.5
122,703
62.4
7,996
65,811

196,693
130,538
66.4
122,635
62.3
7,903
66,155

196,859
130,774
66.4
122,781
62.4
7,993
66,085

197,043
131,086
66.5
123,197
62.5
7,889
65,957

197,248
131,291
66.6
123,644
62.7
7,647
65,957

197,430
131.646
66.7
124,141
62.9
7,505
65,784

197,607
131,718
66.7
124,403
63.0
7.315
65,889

197,765
131,725
66.6
124,570
63.0
7,155
66,040

197,753
132,136
66.8
124,639
63.0
7,498
65,617

5.8
5.1
5.2
17.2
5.1
10.7
9.9

5.7
5.0
5.0
17.1
5.0
11.1
9.4

5.6
4.9
5.0
15.8
4.8
10.5
8.8

5.4
4.7
4.7
17.2
4.8
9.8
9.2

5.7
5.0
4.9
16.7
4.9
10.2
10.2

Unemployment rates

All workers
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black
Hispanic origin

6.7
6.1
5.9
18.5
5.8
13.0
10.5

6.4
5.7
5.6
19.2
5.6
11.9
10.7

6.5
5.8
5.9
18.0
5.6
12.4
10.1

6.0
5.7
18.2
5.7
12.7
10.1

6.1
5.4
5.4
18.1
5.3
11.7
9.9

6.1
5.3
5.4
17.1
5.3
11.3
10.2

6.1
5.5
5.3
17.7
5.3
11.2
10.0

6.0
5.3
5.3
17.5
5.2
11.3
10.1

Summary table B. Employment, hours, and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1995

1994
Industry
Apr.

i

May

June

July

Oct.

Sept.

Aug.

j

Nov.

, Dec.p

Jan.p

Employment
T

Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Services
Government

111.711
92,810
23,328
616
4,744
17,968
88,383
5.793
5.990
19,924
6,771
31,004
18,901

111,919
93.003
23,327
612
4,745
17,970
88,592
5,803
6,003
19,965
6,776
31,129
18,916

112,298
93,357
23,395
609
4,806
17,980
88,903
5,816
6,013
20,026
6,781
31,326
18,941

112,699
93,718
23,506
606
4.893
18,007
89.193
5,759
6,028
20.137
6,791
31.497
18,981

■112,951 1 13,334
:
93.937
94,316
■ 23.519
23,576
!
603
605
4,907
4,927
: 18,009
18,044
;
89,432
89,758
5,843
6,037
20.153
6,787
31,598
19,014

113,624
94,601
23,590

5,849 i
6,049
20,279 ;
6,798 !
31,765 :
19,018 |
i

113,914
94,827
23,640

601

603

4,944
18,045
90,034
5,857
6,053
20,386
6,797
31.918
19,023

4,942
18,095
90,274
5,866
6.079
20,405
6,801
32,036
19.087

""■"""

114,186 ! 114,348
95,035 | 95,228
23,715
23,673
599
605
4,974
4,972
18,142
18,096
90,633
90,513
5,867
5,865
6,106
6,095
20,523
20,470
6,794
6,786
32,138
32,231
19.151
19,120

I
114,882
95,692
23,827
600
5,044
18,183
91,055
5,888
6,117
20.655
6.791
32,414
19,190

115,092
95,929
23.858
596
5,044
18,218
91,234
5.915
6,132
20,736
6.791
32.497
19.163

115,226
96,095
23,927
599
5,071
j 18,257
| 91,299
5,930
| 6,148
| 20,748
| 6,792
! 32.550
! 19,131

I

Over-the-month change

.
383
379
57
2
20
35
326
6
12
126
11
167
4

Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Services
Government

290
226
50
2
-2
50
240
9
26
19
4
118
64

272
208
33
2
30
1
239
-1
16
65
-7
102
64

162
193
42
-6
2
46
120
2
11
53
-8
93
-31

534
464
112
1
70
41
422
21
11
132
5
183
70

34.6
42.0

34.4
42.0

34.6
42.0

34.9
42.1

4.6

4.6

4.7

290
285
14
-4
17
1
276
8
4
107
-1
153
5

237
31
-4
0
35
179
27
15
81
0
83
-27

134
166
69
3
27
39
65
15
16
12
1
53
-32

34.6
42.1

34.6
42.2

34.9
42.2

4.7

4.8

4.8

4.9

210 ,

Hours of work1
Total private
Manufacturing .
Overtime

34.8
41.7
4.5

34.3
41.3
4.5

34.6
42.1
4.7

34.7
42.2
4.8

34.8
42.1
4.7

34.6
42.0
4.7

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (1982^100)'
Total private
Manufacturing .

127.1
103.7

125.6
102.8

127.3
104.9

128.2
105.4

129.1
105.1

128.8
105.3

129.3
105.2

128.9
105.7

129.7
105.8

131.1
106.4

130.7
106.9

131.0
107.2

132.3
107.5

$11.13
7.36
382.87

$11.17
7.38
386.48

$11.25
7.43
392.63

$11.23
7.39
388.56

$11.25
7.39
389.25

$11.32
N.A.
$395.07

Earnings1
Average hourly earnings, total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars2
Average weekly earnings, total private
1

$11.02
7.43
383.50

$11.03
7.42
378.33

511.02
7.39
381.29

$11.05
7.40
383.44

Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W)
is used to deflate this series.
2




$11.09
7.42
385.93

S11.08
7.39
383.37

$11.11
7.38
384.41

N.A. = not available.
~ preliminary.

p

7

Chart 1. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,
1990-95
Thousands
116,000

Thousands

116,000

107,000

i

1990

1991

i

i

1992

i i

i

i

i i i

1993

107,000
1994

1995

NOTE: Shaded area represents recession.

Chart 2. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 1990-95
Percent

Percent

8.0

8.0

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

NOTE: Shaded area represents recession. Household data beginning in January
1994 reflect: 1) The introduction of the results of a major redesign of the Current
Population Survey questionnaire and collection methodology, and 2) the introduction of
population controls based on the 1990 census, adjusted for the estimated population
undercount, and are not directly comparable with data for prior years.

8




1995

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1961 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Civilian
noninsti­
tutional
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Percent
of
population

Number

Agriculture

Unemployed

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Annual averages
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

70,459
70,614
71.833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

55.4
55.5
55.4
55.7
56.2
56.9
57.3
57.5
58.0

5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

57.4
56.6
57.0
57.8
57.8
56.1
56.8
57.9
59.3
59.9

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613
186,393

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9
66.5

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342

59.2
59.0
57.8
57.9
59.5
60.1
60.7
61.5
62.3
63.0

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169
3,199

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434
109,232
111,800
114,142

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3

188,049
189,765
191,576
193,550
196,814

124,787
125,303
126,982
128,040
131,056

66.4
66.0
66.3
66.2
66.6

117,914
116,877
117,598
119,306
123,060

62.7
61.6
61.4
61.6
62.5

3,186
3,233
3,207
3,074
3,409

114,728
113,644
114,391
116,232
119,651

6,874
8,426
9,384
8,734
7,996

5.5
6.7
7.4
6.8
6.1

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted3

1

195,953
196,090
196,213
196,363
196,510
196,693
196,859
197,043
197,248
197,430
197,607
197,765

130,643
130,784
130,706
130,787
130,699
130,538
130,774
131,086
131,291
131,646
131,718
131,725

66.7
66.7
66.6
66.6
66.5
66.4
66.4
66.5
66.6
66.7
66.7
66.6

121,903
122,208
122,160
122,402
122,703
122,635
122,781
123,197
123,644
124,141
124,403
124,570

62.2
62.3
62.3
62.3
62.4
62.3
62.4
62.5
62.7
62.9
63.0
63.0

3,328
3,368
3,396
3,438
3,413
3,294
3,333
3,436
3,411
3,494
3,500
3,532

118,575
118,840
118,764
118,964
119,290
119,341
119,448
119,761
120,233
120,647
120,903
121,038

8,740
8,576
8,546
8,385
7,996
7,903
7,993
7,889
7,647
7,505
7,315
7,155

6.7
6.6
6.5
6.4
6.1
6.1
6.1
6.0
5.8
5.7
5.6
5.4

197,753

132,136

66.8

124,639

63.0

3,575

121,064

7,498

5.7

Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error.
2
Data, beginning in 1994, are not directly comparable with data for
1993 and earlier years because of the introduction of a major redesign of
the Current Population Survey (household survey) questionnaire and




collection methodology and the introduction of 1990 census-based
population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. For additional
information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
3
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1984 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force

Sex, year,
and month

Civilian
noninsti­
tutional
population

Employed
Percent
of
population

Percent
of
population

Number

Unemployed

Agriculture

Percent
of
labor
force

Nonagricultural
industries

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages

MEN
1984
1985
1986'
1987
1988
1989

83,605
84,469
85,798
86,899
87,857
88,762

63,835
64,411
65,422
66,207
66,927
67,840

76.4
76.3
76.3
76.2
76.2
76.4

59,091
59,891
60,892
62,107
63,273
64,315

70.7
70.9
71.0
71.5
72.0
72.5

2,668
2,535
2,511
2,543
2,493
2,513

56,423
57,356
58,381
59,564
60,780
61,802

4,744
4,521
4,530
4,101
3,655
3,525

7.4
7.0
6.9
6.2
5.5
5.2

19,771
20,058
20,376
20,692
20,930
20,923

1990
1991
1992
1993
1994 2

89,650
90,552
91,541
92,620
94,355

68,234
68,411
69,184
69,633
70,817

76.1
75.5
75.6
75.2
75.1

64,435
63,593
63,805
64,700
66,450

71.9
70.2
69.7
69.9
70.4

2,507
2,552
2,534
2,438
2,554

61,928
61.041
61,270
62,263
63,896

3,799
4,817
5,380
4,932
4,367

5.6
7.0
7.8
7.1
6.2

21,417
22,141
22,356
22,987
23,538

63,314
63,342
63,412
63,505
63,627
63,744
63,719
63,880
64,167
64,475
64,645
64,876

4,863
4,752
4,626
4,567
4,348
4,266
4,429
4,283
4,109
4,074
3,924
3,896

6.9
6.7
6.6
6.5
6.2
6.0
6.3
6.1
5.8
5.7
5.5
5.5

23,200
23,343
23,435
23,494
23,651
23,773
23,722
23,728
23,785
23,538
23,600
23,472

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted3
1994:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September .
October
November ..
December ..

93,909
93,982
94,042
94,119
94,196
94,294
94,377
94,469
94,576
94,671
94,768
94,851

1995:
January.

70,709
70,639
70,607
70,625
70,545
70,521
70,655
70,741
70,791
71,133
71,168
71,379

75.3
75.2
75.1
75.0
74.9
74.8
74.9
74.9
74.9
75.1
75.1
75.3

65,846
65,887
65,981
66,058
66,197
66,255
66,226
66,458
66,682
67,059
67,244
67,483

70.1
70.1
70.2
70.2
70.3
70.3
70.2
70.3
70.5
70.8
71.0
71.1

2,532
2,545
2,569
2,553
2,570
2,511
2,507
2,578
2,515
2,584
2,599
2,607

71,476

75.4

67,386

71.1

2,648

4,090

Annual averages

WOMEN
1984 ...
1985 ..
1986''..
1987 .
1988 ..
1989 ..

92,778
93,736
94,789
95,853
96,756
97,630

49,709
51,050
52,413
53,658
54,742
56,030

53.6
54.5
55.3
56.0
56.6
57.4

45,915
47,259
48,706
50,334
51,696
53,027

1990 ..

98,399
99,214100,035
100,930
102,460

56,554
56,893
57,798
58,407
60,239

57.5
57.3
57.8
57.9
58.8

53,479
53,284
53,793
54,606
56,610

1991 ..
1992 ..
1993 ..
1994 2 .

49.5
50.4
51.4
52.5
53.4
54.3
54.3
53.7
53.8
54.1
55.3

i
!
I

T

653
644
652
666
676
687

45,262
46,615
48,054
49,668
51,020
52,341

3,794
3,791
3,707
3,324
3,046
3,003

7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.6
5.4

43,068
42,686
42,376
42,195
42,014
41,601

679
682
673
636
855

52,800
52,602
53,121
53,970
55,755

3,075
3,609
4,005
3,801
3,629

5.4
6.3
6.9
6.5
6.0

41,845
42,321
42,237
42,522
42,221

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted3

I

1994:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October ....
November
December

102,044
102,107
102,171
102,244
102,314
102,399
102,482
102,575
102,672
102,758
102,839
102,913

59,934
60,145
60,099
60,162
60,154
60,017
60,119
60,345
60,500
60,513
60,550
60,346

58.7
58.9
58.8
58.8
58.8
58.6
58.7
58.8
58.9
58.9
58.9
58.6

56,057
56,321
56,179
56,344
56,506
56,380
56,555
56,739
56,962
57,082
57,159
57,087

54.9
55.2
55.0
55.1
55.2
55.1
55.2
55.3
55.5
55.5
55.6
55.5

796
823
827
885
843
783
826
858
896
910
901
925

55,261
55,498
55,352
55,459
55,663
55,597
55,729
55,881
56,066
56,172
56,258
56,162

3,877
3,824
3,920
3,818
3,648
3,637
3,564
3,606
3,538
3,431
3,391
3,259

6.5
6.4
6.5
6.3
6.1
6.1
5.9
6.0
5.8
5.7
5.6
5.4

42,110
41,962
42,072
42,082
42,160
42,382
42,363
42,230
42,172
42,245
42,289
42,567

1995:
January

103,004

60,660

58.9

57,252

55.6

927

56,325

3,408

5.6

42,344

1

Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes and
Estimates of Error.
2
Data, beginning in 1994, are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years because of the introduction of a major redesign of the Current Population Survey

10




(household survey) questionnaire and collection methodology and the introduction of
1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. For
additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
3
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-3.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1994
Jan.

Feb.

Mar. | Apr.

May

June

1995
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio ..,
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

195,953 196,090 196.213 196,363 196,510 196,693 196,859 197,043 197,248 197,430 197.607 197,765 197,753
130,643 130,784 130,706 130,787 130,699 130,538 130,774 131,086 131,291 131,646 131,718 131,725 132,136
66.7
66.4
66.4
66.6
66.6
66.5
66.7
66.8
66.7
66.6
66.7
66.5
66.6
121,903 122,208 122.160 122,402 122,703 122.635 122,781 123,197 123,644 124,141 124.403 124,570 124.S3S
62.3
62.3
63.0!
62.9
62.5
62.4
62.2
63.0
63.0
62.7
62.3
62.4
62.3
7,903
7,155
7,889
7,993
8,385
7,498
7,315
7,647
7,505
8,740
8,576
7,996
8,546
5.4
6.1
6.4
6.0
6.1
6.7
5.7
5.6
5.8
5 7!
6.6
6.1
6.5

Men, 16 years a n d over
Civilian noninstitutional copulation' ....
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in iabor force

93,909
70,709
75.3
65,846
70.1 j
2.532J
63,314
4,863
6.9
23,200

93,982
70,639
75.2
65,887
70.1
2.545
63,342
4,752
6.7
23,343

Men, 20 years a n d o v e r
Civilian noninstitutional population' ....
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

86,778
66,800
77.0
62,745
72.3
2,338
60,407
4,055
6.1
19,978

86,820;
66,753
76.9J
62.767J
72.31
2.339|
60.428J
3,986!

94,042
70,607
75.1
65,981
70.2,
2,569
63,412
4,626;
6.6
23,435i

86,901
66,748
76.8
62,877
72.4
2,357
60,520
3,871
58
eo;
20,067 j 20,153

94,119
70.625
75.0
66,058
70.2
2,553
63,505
4,567
6.5
23,494

94,196
70,545
74.9
66,197
70.3
2,570
63,627
4,348
6.2
23,651

94,294
70,521
74.8
66,255
70.3
2.511
63,744
4,266
6.0
23,773

94,377
70,655
74.9
66,226
70.2
2.507
63,719!
4,429
6.3
23,722

94,469
70,741
74.9
66,458
70.3
2.578
63,880
4,283
6.1
23,728

94,576
70,791
74.9
66,682
70.5
2,515
64,167
4,109
5.8
23,785

94.671
71.133
75.1
67.059
70.8|
2,584
64,475
4,074
5.7
23,538

94,768
71,168
75.1
67,244
71.0
2,599
64,645
3,924
5.5
23,600

94,851
71,379
75.3
67,483
71.1
2,607 i
64,3761
3,896
5.51
23,472

94,749
71,4 76
75.4
67,386
71.1
2,648
64,738
4,090
5.7
23,273

86,946
66,741
76.8
62,959
72.4
2,362
60,597
3,782
5.7
20,205

87,000
66 : 652
76.6
63,080
72.5
2,384
60,696
3,572!
5.4!
20,348!

87,095
66,602
76.5
63,043
72.4
2,334
60,709
3,559
5.3
20,493

87.123; 87,248
66,747 66.8171
76.6
76.6
63,076 63,271
72.5
72.4J
2.314| 2,377
60,7621 60,894
3,6711 3.546 1
5.3]
5.5!
20,376' 20,431

87,321
66,909
76.6
63.517
72.7
2,293
61,224
3,392
5.1
20,412

87,439
67,177
76.8
63.820
73.0
2.329
61,491
3,357
5.0
20,262

87,529
67,345
76.9
64,051
73.2
2,377
61,674
3,294
4.9
20,184

87,617
67,450
77.0!
64,281;
73.4 j
2.410 !
61,671!
3,169
4.7|
20,167:

87,528
67,539
77.2
64,133
73.3
2.390
61,742
3,406
5.0
19,990

i
W o m e n , 16 years a n d o v e r
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagnculturai industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Net in labor force

02,0441 102.107 102,171, 102,244; 102,314 102,399 102,482 102,575 102.672 102,758 102,839 102,913 103,004
59,934: 60,145 60,099, 50,162i 60.154 60,017 60,119 60.345! 60,500 60,513 60.550 1 60.346 60,660
58.7!
58.9
58.8
58.8
58.7
58.6
58.9
58.8 j
58.8!
58.6
58.9
58.9
58.9;
56.057J 66,321 56,1/9: 56,344 56,506 56,380 56,555 56.739 56,9621 57,062 57,159i 57,087, 57,252
54.9;
55.2
55.1
55.0
55.5
55.1
55.2
55.2
55.3
55.5
55.6',
55.5
55.6
7961
827j
925
823
783
885
843
910
826
858
927
896!
901 i
55,261' 55,498 55.352! 55.459 55,663 55,597 55.729 55,881 56,066 56.172 56.258| 56,162 56.325
3,877' 3.824
3.920J 3,818
3.637
3,648
3.564
3,606
3,431
3,538
3,391 i 3,259
3,408
6.5
5.4|
64
6.5
8.1
6.3
61
5.9
6.0
5.7
5.8
5.61
5.6
42,110 41,962 42,072 42,082 42,160 42,382 42.363 42,230 42,172 42.245 42.289J 42,567 42.344

W o m e n , 20 years a n d over
Civilian noninstitut ; cnal population 1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Emoloyment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

95,109
56.373
59.3
53,067
55.8
751
52,316
3,3061
5.9
38.736

95,159
56.592
59.5
53,355
56.1
769
52,586
3,237
5.7
38,567

95,225 95,282
56,511 56,466
59.3
59.3
53,176 53.318
56.0
55.8
833
775
52,401 52,485
3,148
3,335
5.9
5.6
38.714 38.816

95,329
56,545
59.3
53,481
56.1
789
52,692
3.C64
5.4
38,784

95.407J
56,384'j
59.1
53,328 I
55.9| I
739
52,589
3,056 I
5.4 I
39,023

Both s e x e s , 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14,066
7,470
53.1
6,091
43.3
239
5.852
1,379
18.5
6,596

14,111
7,439
52.7
6,086
43.1
260
5,826
1,353
18.2
6,672

14,087
7,447
52.9
6,107
43.4
264
5,843
1,340
18.0
6,640

14,181
7,502
52.9
6,142
43.3
240
5,902
1,360
18.1
6.679

14,191 ! 14,267
7,552
7,491
53.2
52.5
6,164
6.264
44.1
43.2
221
229
6.043 I 5,935
1,288
1.327
17.1
17.7
6,639
6.776

14.135
7.580
53.6
6,125
43.3
243
5,882
1.455
19.2
6,555

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in tables A-3




95,469,
56,536
59.2
53,541
56.1
790
52,751
2,995
5.3
38,933

95.544
56,747
59.4
53,722
56.2
815]
52,907 j
3,025!
5.3
38,797

95,658 95.729
57,031 56,951
59.5
59 6
54,044 54,090
56.5
56.5
863
847
53,197 53,227
2,861
2,987
5.0
5.2
33,627 38,778

14,251 14,269
7,522j 7,351
52.8!
51.5
6.204
6,083
43.5
42.6
244
271
5,9601 5,812
1.3181 1,268
17.5,'
17.2
6,7291 6,918

14,261
7,518
52.7
6,231
43.7
302
5,929
1,237
17.1
6,743

95,821 j
56.964
59.5
54.129
56.5
850
53,279
2,855
5.0
38,837

95,873:
56,725;
59.2
54,037
56.4
882
53,155
2,688
4.7
39,148

95,961
56.951
59.3
54,134
56.4
877
53,257
2,817
4.9
39,010

14,257 14,274 14,263
7.550
7,389
7,646
51.8
52.9
53 6
6,223
6,252
6,372
43.8
43.6
44.7
240
308
273
6,012
6,064
5,950
1,298?
1.166!
1,274
16.7
15.81
17.2J
6,617
6.868
6,724

through A-12 will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of the various series.

11

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY A D J U S T E D
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, a n d
Hispanic origin

1995

1994
Jan.

Feb.

Apr.

| Mar.
1

■ May

July

June

Sept.

Aug.

Nov.

Oct.

Dec.

I

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force .
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

j 165,014; 165,096 165,168i165,259!l65,3511165,472 165,576 165,696 165,8321165,954 166,072 166,175
110,6691110,896 110,641 ;110,809!l 10,829 110,523 110,911 111,186 111,381(111,555 111,637 111,715
67.0
66.8
67.1:
67.2
67.1
67.0J
6 7 . 1 | 67.0
67.2
67.2
67.2
67.2
104,2681104,612 104,412 104,5911104,978 104,687 105,006 105.401 105,740 106,010 106,242 106,352
63.4
63.3
63.6
63.2 i
63.31
63.5
63.2J
63.4
64.0
64.0
63.9
63.8
5,836
5,785
5,905
6.229 1 6,218
5,851
6,4011
6,284
5,363
5,395
5,545
5,641
5.3
5.2
5.3
5.6|
5.6!
5.3
5.8!
5.7
4.8
4.8
5.0
5.1

I

!

Men, 20 years a n d over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

57,314 57,272
77.4
77.3
54,307 54,293
73.3
73.3
3,0071
2,979
5.2
5.2

57,227; 57,228: 57,124
77.2I
77.2 1
77.0
54,301! 54,356: 54,448
73.4
73.3!
73.3!
2,926 !
2,872
2,676
1
4.7
5.1;
5.0

57,156
77.0
54,463
73.3
2,693
4.7

57,326
77.1
54,566
73.4
2,760
4.8

57,387
77.2
54,734
73.6

47,027 i 47,292
59.0 i
59.3
44,656 44,983
56.4
56.0
2,309
2,371
4.9
5.0

47,073' 47,067
59.0:
58.9
44,756! 44,837
;
56.1
56.1
2,311\
2,230
4.9!
4.7

47,286
59.2
45,103
56.5
2,183
4.6

46,973
58.8
44,747
56.0
2,226
4.7

47,227
59.0
45,016
56.3
2,211
4.7

57,615,' 57,726
77.4
77.3
55,061 55,242
74.1
73.9
2,5541
2,484
4.4
4.3

57,836
77.5
55,384
74.2
2,452
4.2

47.403J 47,737
59.21
59.6
45,204; 45,560
56.5I
56.9
2,199; 2,177
4.61
4.6

47,614
59.4
45,535
56.8
2,079
4.4

47,440
59.1
45,475
56.7
1,965
4.1

6,166
54.6
5,254
46.5
912
14.8
16.2
13.3

6,326
56.0
5,414
47.9
912
14.4
15.2
13.5

22,774 j 22,7991 22,824; 22,855; 22,883 22,917| 22,955
14,525, 14,507 14.510, 14,4811 14,380 14,429; 14,477
63.0:
63.1
63.6,
63.4j
62.8 i
63.8,
63.6
12,718j 12,775 12,810'i 12,838 12,767 j 12,795! 12,927
!
55.81
56.2
55.8J
56.3
56.1
55.81
56.0
1,643
1,613!. 1,634
1,550
1,700
1,807!
1,732
11.3
12.4J
10.7
11.7!
11.3
11.2J
11.9

22,990
14,649
63.7
13,022
56.6
1,627
11.1

2,6531
4.6

57,478
77.2
54,926
73.8
2,552
4.4

W o m e n , 20 years a n d over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

i
I

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1

47,631
59.4
45,569
56.8
2,062
4.3

j
\
!
|
!
!
j
j

6,328
56.6
5,305
47.4
1,023
16.2
18.0;
14.1 j

6,332 i
56.5!
5,336|
47.6i
996
15.7
16.9
14.4

|

|

!

: 22,723 j 22,751
j 14,423| 14,462
63.6
63.5i
| 12,544 12,624
55.5
j
55.2
1,838
I 1,879
12.7
!
13.0

6,514:
58.0'
5,398'
48.0
1,1161
17.1 j
18.3'
15.9-

6,341
56.5
5,355
47.7
986
15.5
16.8
14.2

6,419
57.1
5.427 i
48.3'
992;
15.5!
17.0 !
13.7

6,394
56.8
5,4771
48.61
917;
14.3J
15.1;
13.6!

I

6,358
56.3
5,424 j
48.1 i
934!
14.7;
16.1!
13.1

6,396
56.6
5,463
48.4
933
14.6
15.4
13.7

6,280
55.5
5,431
48.0!
849
13.5
14.3
12.6

6,439
56.9
5,493
48.5
946
14.7
16.0
13.2

I
23,023
14,578
63.3
13,054
56.7
1,524
10.5

23,052
14,541
63.1
13,119
56.9
1,422
9.8

M e n , 20 years a n d over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
W o m e n , 20 years a n d over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at e n d of table.

12




j
j
j
I
j

6,585
72.3
5,780;
63.5J
805;
12.2 1

10.3;

6,600'
72.0
5,9391
64.8!
661
10.0;

6,561
71.7
5,880
64.2
681
10.4

6,997;
61.0|
6,296j
54.9;
701!
10.0;

7,017
61.1
6,347
55.3
670
9.5

l
6,954;
60.5
6,345!
55.2j
609;
8.8 :

6,654
73.o|
5,869;
64.4!
785:
11.8

6,612
72.4
5,922
64.9
690
10.4

6,631 :
72.6!
5,936!
65.0 1
695 j
10.5|

6,709 i
73.3!
6,017!
65.8,

6,980
61.0:
6,218:
54.4!
762:
10.9

7,077!
61.8!
6,249 !
54.6828!
11.7!

7,030;
61.3
6,293
54.9!
737
10.5!

6921

I
6,949
|
60.8
: 6,167
i
54.0
j
782
I
11.3

6,570:
71.51
5,898 j
64.2 j
672!
10.2

6,637
72.1
5,989
65.1
648
9.8

6,706
72.7
6,069
65.8
637
9.5

6,702
72.6
6,085 j
65.9J
617!
9.2j

6,722
72.7
6,165
66.7
557
8.3

7,012|
60.9
6,356
55.2
656
9.4

7,001
60.7
6,368
55.2
633
9.0

7,033
60.9
6,384
55.3

7,012!
60.7!
6,390;
55.3!
622;
8.9i

7,002
60.5
6,420
55.5
582
8.3

i

6491
9.2
I

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,

1994

1995

race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

889
40.5
597
27.2
292
32.8
39.3
26.7

846
38.5
546
24.8
300
35.5
39.7
31.0

804
36.5
497
22.6
307
38.2
40.9
35.0

17,896 17,942 17,993
11,781 11,811 11,873
66.0
65.8
65.81
10,589! 10,614 10,601
58.9
59.2
59.2
1,272
1,192| 1,197
!
10.7
10.1
10.1

18,041
11,916
66.0
10,735
59.5
1,181
9.9

828
37.7
537
24.5
291
35.1
39.9
30.2

836
38.1
547
24.9
289
34.6
38.6
30.3

864
39.2
552
25.0
312
36.1
39.3
32.6

865
38.7
542
24.3
323
37.3
41.4
32.7

847
38.3
541
24.5
306
36.1
39.9
31.9

839
37.8
570
25.7
269
32.1
30.8
33.4

910
40.9
569
25.6
341
37.5
35.9
39.1

864
38.8
579
26.0
285
33.0
32.0
34.1

817
36.6
534
23.9
283
34.6
34.3
35.0

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio ...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

17,849
11,702
65.6
10,469
58.7
1,233
10.5

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum




18,092 18,143 18,193 18,244 18,291 18,339 18,385
11,896 11,956 12,002 11,997 12,222 12,324 12,224
65.8
66.0
65.9
67.2
66.5
66.8
65.8
10,682 10,760 10,786 10,806 11,074 11,236 11,105
59.3
59.3
59.0
61.3
60.4
60.5
59.2
1,216
1,196
1,214
1,088
1,119
1,148
1,191
10.0
10.1
10.2
9.2
8.8
9.4
9.9

to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Full- and part-time status, sex,
and age

1994
Jan.

Feb.

I Mar.

EMPLOYED

!

Apr.

May | June

1995
July

Sept.

i Aug.

Oct.

Jan.

!

98,071
57,775
56,688
40,357
39,569
i 1,814

98,497.
57,973
56,901 i
40,540;
39,763'
1,833!

98,488 i
58,271 !
57,2241
40,182 \
39,442
1,822 j

99,208:
58,455
57,446 !
40,6811
39,903,
1,859i

99.576!
58,580 !
57,476!
40,994 i
40,241 i
1.859J

23,817j 23,495, 23,555! 23,093 : 23,167 !
8.147J 7,853' 7,558. 7,526! 7,566j
5,741 i 5,565 5,446! 5,557;
6,068
:
1
15,683 15,697 15.940 15,638 15,594
!
13,488 13,505; 13,71S 13,397 13,326:
4,284,
4,249i 4,274' 4,250
4,261

Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over .
Women, 20 years and over .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .

99,389

,li
99,781 100,2401100, 703 100, ,9131 loi.osojioi^is'ioi.ogg

58,6961 58,808 59,0541 59,,175 59 ,501! 59,677 j 60,032, 59,833

57,5081 57,600 57,864 j 58, 061 58 ,332!
58,524:
40,727! 41,035 41.236 1 41, 566 41 ,425 41,355;
39,920! 40,300 40,484 j 40,,822! 40,,687 40,593'
1,9611 1,881
1,913;
1,892' 1,,820; 1, 894
I
23,135| 22,967: 22,957j
,106J 23,,2431 23,495)
7,488, 7,396! 7,4311
,5601 7,,617; 7,677
5,494; 5,432! 5,421!
,542] 5,,5341 5,620
15,634! 15,538; 15,5321
,461', 15,,683; 15,830
13,350| 13,241; 13,247!
,289| 13, 4211 13,575
!
4,291 j 4,294
4,289!
,275j 4,,288 j 4,300

58,8411
41,152:
40,409;
1,963!

58,632
41,281
40,538
1,929

23,447! 23,544
7,592 7,604
5,538
5,579
15,878: 15,937
13,583; 13,566
4,285: 4,440

i

UNEMPLOYED
Looking for fuli-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over .
Women, 20 years and over .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .

7,163!
4,152!
3.7371
3.020
2,769
657

Looking for part-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over .
Women, 20 years and over .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .

1,572
665!
2721
888 i
575 i
725:

7,029!
4,028,
3,690'
2,955 i
2,6991
640!
I
1,513;
649;'
277 ;
862 i
530 ;

7061

6,971!
3,927'
3,568 i
3,0001
2,785;
618!

8,824
3,910
3,519
2,885
2,578
727,

1,594;
676!
310!
892'
560 j
724 j

1,535:
630
245 !
904.
563'
727'

6,438!
3,744
3,303
2,756i
2,5011
634!

6,4661
3,734,
3,298|
2,772]
2,493 j
675:

6,521 i

2,730 j
2,456;
673|

6,378;
3,701!
3,269!
2,718!
2,4631
646!

1,527!
644i
266 j
868
548'
713:

1,446j
611,
269!
855
562
615

1,4771
621!
285;
845'
541!
651]

1.519; 1 411
628 j
593
283;
254
909 i
814
523
5621
634
674:

3,7761
3,3921

,257|
,613;
,150i
,744 j
,474!
6331

!

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES

6.8
6.7
6.2
7.0
6.5
26.6

6.7|
6.5,
6.1'
6.8I
6.4;
25.9

6.6;
6.3 i
5.9I
6.9
6.6!
25.3!

6.4
6.3
5.8.
6.6
6.1
28.1!

6.1
6.0
5.4,
6.3'
5.9^
25.4,

6.1|
6.0!
5.4]
6.4!
5.9j
25.6

6.1
6.0
5.6
6.2
5.7
26.4

6.0!
5.9,
5.31
6.2!
5.7)
25.5

Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over .
Women, 20 years and over .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .

6.2
7.5
4.3
5.4
4.1
14.5

6.1j
7-6,
4.6;
5.2|
3.8!
14.2;

6.3 !
8.2;
5.3|
5.3,
3.9
14.5

6.2!
7.7i
4.3;
5.5:
4.0
14.6

6.2:
7.8:
4.6
5.3
3.9,
14.3

5.9!
7.5,
4.7!
5.2i
4.0
12.5;

6.0
7.7
5.0
5.2
3.9
13.2

6.2|
7.8!
5.0
5.5!
4.11
13.6i

1,380
590
221
823
499
660

5,677!
3,311'
2,933!
2,417!
2,103:
641 i

5,938
3,270
3,066
2,538
2,290
582

prior 0 1994.

1,3421 1,478: 1,548
563:
608!
649
271!
273!
298
828 j
836,
878
;
509:
540
553
!
562
665;
697

6.2!
5.7!
25.8]

-;

5.8i
5.61
5.1 j
6.0;
5.6]
25.0;

5.6
5.5
4.9
5.9
5.5
24.2

5.3!
5.2]
4.7|
5.5!
4.9 1
24.6!

5.5
5.2
5.0
5.8
5.3
23.2

5.8
7.3;
4.4
5.0]
3.8!
12.9!

5.6;
7.2 !
3.8]
5.0'
3.6;
13.3,

5.4
6.8
4.6
5.0
3.6
11.6

5.9!
7.4;
4.7!
5.0 :
3.8
13.4

6.2
7.9
5.1
5.2
3.9
13.6

5.8
5.8|
5 1

!
force and differ from the rates published elsewhere in this publication

3.562J

I

Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women. 18 years and over .
Women, 20 years and ever .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .

f the full- and part-time labor

5,987|
3,458;
3,146: 3,031.'
2,642 i 2,591;
2,39', I 2,345'
611!
631

6,168,

!

i

1




Dec.

!

I

Fuli-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over .
Women, 20 years and over .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .

14

Nov.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994

1995

Category
Jan.

Feb.

Apr.

Mar.

i May I June j July

I Aug.

Sept. I Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

MARITAL STATUS
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

121,903 122,208 122,160 122,402 122,703 122,635 122,781 123,197 123,644 124,141 124,403 124,570 124,639
41,405 41,332 41,329 41,357 41,330 41,313 41,281 41,487 41,557 41,511 41,530 41,608 41,601
31,496 31,514 31,331 31,382 31,372 31,193 31,462 31,593 31,905 31,764 31,775 31,723 31,705
6,974 7,029
7,016
7,141
7,274
7,008
7,098
7,199
7,073
7,096 7,061
7,074
6,884

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

33,023 33,168 33,225, 33,477 34,063 33,854 33,893 33,975 34,242 34,275 34,382 34,576 34,423
37,179 37,089 37,083 j
16,925 17,006 17,015!
13,508 13,560 13,5611
17,646 17,679 17,547!
3,627
3,619;
3,581

36,972 36,843 36,985 37,239 37,373
17,000 16,920 16,964 16,924 16,866
13,264 13,525 13,375 13,408 13,454
17,817 17,901 17,892 17,839 17,975
3,474
3,642
3,535
3,649 3,615

37,635
16,749
13,452
18,023
3,632

37,669 37,767 37,797 37,267
17,062 16,893 16,704 17,012
13,467 13,615 13,677 13,784
18,122 18,056 18,030 18,212
3,727
3,655
3,881
3,839

I
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Government
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,687
1,632
51

1,695
1,707
45

1,736
1,637
43

109,406 109,525 109,491 109,828
91,214 91,330 91,069 91,485
1,046
944
1,000, 1,003
90,270 90,284 90,0691 90,482
18,192 18,195 18,422| 18,343
9,171
9,050
9,0931 9,010
137
140
125
133

110,164
91,786
978
90,808
18,378
9,049
129

1,661
1,596
71

1,713!
1,6441
43J

1,675
1,584
46

1,728.
1,654!,
501

1,669
1,619
50

1,712
1,630
63

1,764
1,652
43

1,767
1,677
48

110,215 110,345 110,576 111,100 111,686 111,770
91,921 92,064 92,351 92,794 93,485! 93,413
881
966
903
940
935
999
90,955 91,124 91,470 91,891 92,550 92,414
18,294 18,281 18,225 18,306 18,201 18,357
8,964
8,962 9,021
8,989
8,878 8,915
148
131
120
140
134
131

1,7381
1,7141
49 j

1,866
1,663
35

111,960 111,987
93,620 93,692
1,023
1,075
92,597 92,617
18,340 18,295
8,959
9,039
121
95

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1

!

All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons

5,059
4,951
4,733
2,5471 2,333 2,516
2,140| 2,042
2,097
17,629 17,615 17,527

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons

4,748
2,418
2,055
17,005

4,479
2,201
1,984
17,031

4,779
2,418
2,043
17,417

4,348! 4,333 4,411
2,396: 2,404 2,394
1,6181 1,697
1,791
17,955, 17,609 17,644

4,510
2,349
1,883
16,909

4,154
2,290
1,646
16,982

4,7061 4,583 4,583
2,392; 2,298 2,386
1,942
2,0431 2,007
16,952; 16,620 16,841

I
'Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their
jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or
industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who




4,7921 4,766 4,467
2,503 j 2,464 2,431
1,9811 1,927
1,698
17,441 i 17,452 17,922

4,273; 4,173
2,318| 2,272
1,661 i 1,583
17,3081 17,314

4,226
2,257
1,756
16,992

4,411
2,394
1,736
17,756

4,422 i 4,693
2,384! 2,504
1,734; 1,777
17,576 j 17,940

4,246
2,282
1,689
17,101

4,254
2,272
1,690
16,917

4,430
2,359
1,737
17,307

L
usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week
for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather.

15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994

1995

Age and sex
Jan.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men,

16 years and over

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

A-8.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov. | Dec.

121,903 122,208 122,160 122,402 122,703 122,635 122,781 123,197 123.644 124,141 124,403 124,570] 124,639
18,647
6,091
2,422
3,668
12,556
103,255
88,263
14,966

18,858
6,086
2,382
3,691
12,772
103,382
88,476
14,826

18,777
6,107
2,410
3,677
12.670
103,392
88,667
14,721

18,808
6,125
2,438
3,690
12.683
103,549
88,695
14,741

18,924
6,142
2.489
3,665
12,782
103,792
88,929
14,923

19.074
6,264
2,518
3,730
12,810
103,511
88,685
14,822

18,842| 18,951
6,164 6.204
2,514 2.566
3,656 3.657
12.678 12,747
103.908 104,262
89.041 89,408
14,808 14,912

18,872
6,083
2,550
3,551
12,789
104,814
89,869
14,956

19,102 19,053
6,231 6,223
2,636 2,601
3.569J 3,612
12,871 12,830
105,031 105,340
90,029 90,348
15,020 15.111

19.157 19,174
6.252, 6,372
2,588 2,533
3.653 3,809
12.905 12,803
105,434 105,471
90,380 90,331
15,083 15,109

65,846 65,887 65,981 66,058 66,197 66,255 66.226 66,458 66,682 67,059 67,244 67,483
9.690 9,886 9,791 9,820 9,905 9,975 9.857 9,955 9.985 10,110 10,052 10.115
3,101 3,120 3,104 3.099 3,117 3,212 3.150 3,187 3.165 3,239 3,193 3.202
1,350
1,369
1,390
1,335
1.294
1,270
1,246
1.301
1.259
1,219
1,212
1,210
1,845
1,821
1,834
1,837
1,923
1.867
1,858
1,903
1,861
1,885
1,878
1,904
6,589 6,766 6,687 6.721 6,788 6,763 6,707 6,768 6,820 6,871 6,859 6,913
56,111 56,074 56,177 56,209 56,291 56,270 56,348 56,526 56,691 56,969 57,187 57,388
47,874 47,912 48,101 48,052 48,153 48,105 48,108 48,268 48,468 48,647 48,857j 48.945
8,274 8,112 8,105 8,106 8,142 8,152 8,162 8,249 8,278 8,332 8,402 8,435
56,057 56,321 56,179 56,344 56,506 56,380 56,555 56,739 56,962 57,082 57,159 57,087
9,042
8,957
8,972 8,986 8,988 9,019 9,099 8,985 8,996 8,887 8,992 9,001
3,050
2,990 2,966 3,003 3,026 3,025 3,052 3,014 3,017| 2,918 2,992 3.030
1,215
1,246
1,265
1,220
1,248
1,230
1.192
1,198
1,203
1,232
1,238
1,172
1,735
1,714
1,754
1,789
1,807
1,804
1,832
1,799
1,783
1,787
1,791
1.808
5,967
6,006 5,983 5,962 5,994 6,047 5,971 5,979 5,969 6,000 5,971
5.992
47,144 47,308 47,215 47,340 47,501 47,241 47,560 47.736; 48,123 48,062 48,153 48,046
40,389 40,564 40,566 40,643 40,776 40,580 40,933 41.140| 41.401 41.382 41,491 41.435
6,692 6,714 6,616 6,635 6,781 6,670 6,646 6.663: 6.678 6,688 6.709
6.648

Unemployed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)
1994
Age and sex

Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men,

16 years and over

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years

55 years and over

16



Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

8,740

8,576

8,546

8.385

7.996

7,903

7,993!

7,889

7,647

7,505

7,315

7,155

2,899
1,379
655
707
1,520
5,786
5.083
700

2,795
1.353
657
687
1,442
5,725
5,062
675

2.823,
1,340
602
718
1,483
5,669
4,974
702

2.864
1.455
751
730
1.409
5,4881
4.848
655I

2,718
1,360
639
716
1,358
5,272
4,624
647

2,640
1,288
633
681
1,352
5,261
4,598
619

2,696
1.327
642
679|
1,369
5,278
4.629
646

2.720
1,318
636
678
1,402
5.197
4.538
646

2,598
1,268
592
674
1.330
5,084
4,528
583

2,564
1.287
572l
721
1,277
4,992
4,435.
610

2.450
1,166
539
624
1,284
4,926
4,297
615

2,513
1,298
573
728
1,215
4,717
4,130
539

4,863

4,752

4,626

4,567

4,348

4,266;

4,429

4.283

4.109

4,074;

3,924

3.896

1,656
808
377
412
848
3,151
2,779
404

1.574
7661
353
398
808
3,140
2,763
404

1,579
755
351
397
824
3,016
2,654
387

1,574
1,540
785
776
413
364
408
408
789
764
2,969
2,797
2,581
2,414
382 j
375

1,450
707
350
383
743
2,810
2,424
355

1.529
758
342|
771
2,880
2,488)
389|

1,529
737
340
392
792
2,782
2,408
363

1.437
717
322
390
720
2.696
2.359
336

1.431
717
309
406
714
2,682
2,343
352

1,346
630
271
361
716
2,626
2,249
349

1,411
727
313
411
684
2,551
2,217
306

3,877

3,824

3,920

3,8181

3,648

3,637

3,5641

3,606

3.538

3,431

3,391

3,259

1,243
571
278
295
672
2,635
2,304
296

1,221
587
304
289
634
2,585
2,299
271

1,244
585
251
321!
659
2,653
2,320
3151

1,290
670
338
322
620
2,519
2,267
273'

1,178
584
275
308
594
2,475
2,210
272

1,190
581
283
298
609
2,451
2,174
264

1.167
569
300
270)
598
2,398
2,141
257

1.191
581
296j
286
610
2,415
2,130
283

1,161
551
270
284
610
2.388
2,169
247

1,133
570
263
315
563
2,310|
2,092
258

1,104
536
268
263
568
2,300;
2,048
266

1,102
571
260
317
531
2,166
1,913
233

June

July

409 J

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Unemployment rates by age and sex, seasonally adjusted

! 1995

1994
Age and sex

Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over




Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

6.7

6.6

6.5

6.4

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.0

5.8

5.7

5.6

5.4

13.5
18.5
21.3
16.2
10.8
5.3
5.4
4.5

12.9
18.2
21.6
15.7
10.1
5.2
5.4
4.4

13.1
18.0
20.0
16.3
10.5
5.2
5.3
4.6

13.2
19.2
23.5
16.5
10.0
5.0
5.2
4.3

12.6
18.1
20.4
16.3
9.6
4.8
4.9
4.2

12.2
17.1
20.1
15.4
9.5
4.8
4.9
4.0

12.5
17.7
20.3
15.7
9.7
4.8
4.9
4.2

12.6
17.5
19.9
15.6
9.9
4.7
4.8
A.2

12.1
17.2
18.8
16.0
9.4
4.6
4.8
3.8

11.8
17.1
17.8
16.8
9.0
4.5
4.7
3.9

11.4
15.8
17.2
14.7
9.1
4.5
4,5
3,9

11.6
17.2
18.1
16.6
8.6
4.3
4.4
3.5

6.9

6.7

6.6

6.5

6.2

6.0

6.3

6.1

5.8

5.7

5.5

5.5

14.6
20.7
23.6
17.9
11.4
5.3
5.5
4.7

13.7
19.7
22.6
17.3
10.7
5.3
5.5
4.7

13.9
19.6
22.5
17.5
11.0
5.1
5.2
4.6

13.8
20.2
24.9
18.0
10.5
5.0
5.1
4.5

13.5
19.9
22.4
18.0
10.1
4.7
4.8
4.4

12.7
18.0
21.6
16.6
9.9
4.8
4.8
4.2

13.3
18.8
20.7
17.1
10.5
4.7
4.8
4.2

12.6
18.5
19.4
17.5
9.5
4.5
4.6
3.9

12.4
18.1
18.2
18.1
9.4
4.5
4.6
4.1

11.8
16.5
16.5
16.5
9.5
4.4
4.4
4.0

12.2
18.5
13.8
18.2
9.0
4.3
4.3
3.5

6.5

6.4

6.5

6.3

6,1

6.1

5.9

6.0

5.8

5.6

5.4

12.2
16.0
18.8
14.2
10.1
5.3
5.4
4.2

12.0
16.5
20.6
13.9
9.5
5.2
5.4
3.9

12.2
16.3
17.3
15.1
9.9
5.3
5.4
4.5

12.6
18.1
22.1
14.9
9.4
5.1
5.3
4.0

11.6
16.2
18.3
14.6
9.0
5.0
5.1
3.9

11.6
16.0
18.5
14.2
9.1
4.9
5.1
3.8

11.5
15.9
19.7
13.1
9.1
4.8
5.0
3.7

11.7
16.1
19.0
14.0
9.3
4.8
4.9
4.1

11.6
15.9
18.2
14.2
9.3
4.7
5.0
3.6

10.9
15.0
17.9
12.8
8.7
4.6
4.7
3.8

10.9
15.8
17.4
14.9
8.1
4.3
4.4
3.4

13.4 |
19.4 i
20.9 I
18.0
10.3
4.9
4.9
4.5

!

5.7 |
11.2
16.0
17.4
15.4
6.6
4.6
4.8
3.7

j
I
j
|
|
|

17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics, seasonally adjusted

1994
Category
Jan.

Feb.

Mar. | Apr. | May ! June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct. | Nov.

I

CHARACTERISTIC
Total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .
White
Black and other.
Black
Hispanic origin ...

I

6.7
6.1
5.9
18.5

6.5
6.6
6.4
6.0
5.8
5.7
5.7
5.9
5.6
18.2 i 18.0 ! 19.2

5.8
11.4
13.0
10.5

5.7
11.3
12.7
10.1

5.6
11.3
12.4
10.1

4.2
4.4
9.3

4.3
4.3
9.5

4.1
4.4
9.4

2.8
5.4
7.0
9.9
8.5

2.8
5.4
6.9
9.5
8.7

2.7
5.6
6.9
9.1
10.1

6.1
5.4
5.4
18.1

6.1
5.3
5.4
17.1

6.1
5.5
5.3
17.7

6.0
5.3
5.3
17.5

5.8
5.1
5.2
17.2

5.7,
5.0 |
5.0 j
17.1 |

5.6
4.9
5.0
15.8

5.3
10.6
11.7
9.9

5.3
10.4
11.3
10.2

5.3
10.3
11.2
10.0

5.2
10.6
11.3
10.1

5.1
10.2
10.7
9.9

5.0
10.4
11.1
9.4

4.8
9.8
10.5
8.8

4.8
9.2
9.8
9.2

3.9 |
4.2,
9.1 |

3.7
4.1
8.9

3.6
4.2
8.8

3.6
4.0
7.9

3.5
4.1
8.8

3.4
4.0
8.9

3.3
4.0
8.9

3.2
3.9
8.7

3.2
3.7
8.8

2.6
5.3
6.7
9.8
8.2

2.4
5.2
6.5
8.9
7.7

3.0
5.1
6.2
8.6
7.1

2.7
4.8
5.9
9.3
9.4

2.6
4.9
6.1
8.8
8.6

2.5
4.7
6.0
8.4
8.2

2.5
4.5
5.8
8.5
8.4

2.4
4.6
5.6
8.3
7.5

2.3
4.3
5.7
8.2
7.8

5.6
j
! 10.8
j 11.9
! 10.7 I
I

I

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present.
Women who maintain families ....

Dec.

OCCUPATION1
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

I

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

i
I
|
j
I
j
j
j
I

7.0
7.8
6.0
13.6
6.2
5.5
7.1
6.7
5.4
8.1
3.8
6.5
3.8
12.9

6.8
7.6
4.2
13.2
6.1
5.5
6.9
6.5
5.2
8.0
3.7
6.3
3.3
12.9

6.7 |
7.6 j
6.3
13.0
6.1
5.6
6.7
6.4
4.9
7.8
3.1
6.3
3.8
13.5

l

6.6
7.3
6.6
12.4
5.8
5.5
6.3
6.3
5.3
7.6
3.5
6.2
3.6
10.8

6.4
6.9
6.0
11.7
5.6
5.3
5.9
6.1
4.9
7.4
3.6
6.0
3.5
8.8

6.3
6.9
6.1
11.7
5.5
5.2
5.9
6.0
4.9
7.2
3.7
5.9
3.7
8.6

6.3
6.8
6.0
11.1
5.6
5.5
5.8
6.1
5.1
7.5
3.7
5.9
3.4
12.1

6.1
6.5
5.0
10.7
5.3
5.3
5.3
6.0
4.8
7.4
3.7
5.7
3.6
11.1

6.0
6.5 ,
5.1
10.7
5.3
5.3
5.4
5.8
4.5
7.0
4.3
5.5
3.2
11.1

I
1

Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not available
because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or

18




5.9
5.9
6.4
6.3
4.7
4.5
10.7
10.7
5.1
5.1
4.8
4.3
5.6
6.0
5.7 |
5.7
4.4:
4.6
7.2,
7.0
3.4 !
3.6
5.3;
5.4 j
3.2 !
2.7 !
10.3 ' 10.4 i
I

irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient
precision.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1994

1995

Reasons for unemployment
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr. | May

June

4,395
1,149
3,246
817
2,824
644

4,163
1,091
3,072
852
2.936
636

4,068 3,880 3,640 3,734
979 811
931
1,011
3,057 2,901 2,829 2,803
823 810 796 788
2,989 3,164 2,863 2,785
498
630 679 611

July

Aug. Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

3,863
1,031
2,832
770
2,766
594

3,706 3,574 3,513 3,495 3,442 3,658
930 1,061
1,012 824 848 881
2,694 2,750 2,665 2,614 2,512 2,598
786 874 755 710 704 694
2,758 2,620 2,626 2,575 2,525 2,488
600 614 578 555 597
621

Jan.

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
50.6 48.5 47.8 45.5 46.0 47.8 48.3 47.1 46.6 46.8 47.5 47.6 49.2
13.2 12.7 11.9 11.5 10.3 11.9 12.9 12.9 10.7 11.3 12.0 12.9 14.3
37.4 35.8 35.9 34.0 35.8 35.9 35.4 34.2 35.9 35.5 35.5 34.8 34.9
9.4
9.7
9.9
9.6 10.0 11.4 10.1
9.5 10.1 10.1
9.7
9.6
9.3
32.5 34.2 35.1 37.1 36.2 35.7 34.6 35.0 34.2 35.0 35.0 34.9 33.4
7.9
6.4
7.7
8.2
7.8
7.4
7.4
7.4
8.0
7.4
7.7
8.0
7.9

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3.4
.6
2.2
.5

3.2
.7
2.2
.5

3.1
.6
2.3
.5

3.0
.6
2.4
.5

2.8
.6
2.2
.5

2.9
.6
2.1
.4

3.0
.6
2.1
.5

2.8
.6
2.1
.5

2.7
.7
2.0
.5

2.7
.6
2.0
.5

2.7
.5
2.0
.4

2.6
.5
1.9
.4

2.8
.5
1.9
.5

A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1995

1994
Duration

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

3,319
2,351
3,046
1,308
1,738

2,677
2,670
3,066
1,318
1,748

2,749
2,574
3,056
1,264
1,792

2,772
2,482
2,972
1,237
1,735

2,651
2,461
2,853
1,160
1,693

2,754
2,452
2,740
1,193
1,547

2,768
2,365
2,823
1,234
1,589

2,655
2,572
2,773
1,198
1,575

2,675
2,294
2,768
1,213
1,555

2,434
2,256
2,934
1,344
1,590

2,599
2,163
2,661
1,187
1,474

2,587
2,149
2,456
1,088
1,368

2,937
2,122
2,386
1,033
1,353

18.4
8.5

18.8
8.9

19.2
9.1

19.1
9.2

19.4
9.2

18.4
9.1

19.0
9.2

18.9
9.2

18.8
9.5

19.3
10.1

18.2
9.1

17.8
8.7

16.7
7.9

100.0
38.1
27.0
34.9
15.0
19.9

100.0
31.8
31.7
36.4
15.7
20.8

100.0
32.8
30.7
36.5
15.1
21.4

100.0
33.7
30.2
36.1
15.0
21.1

100.0
33.3
30.9
35.8
14.6
21.3

100.0
34.7
30.9
34.5
15.0
19.5

100.0
34.8
29.7
35.5
15.5
20.0

100.0
33.2
32.1
34.7
15.0
19.7

100.0
34.6
29.6
35.8
15.7
20.1

100.0
31.9
29.6
38.5
17.6
20.9

100.0
35.0
29.1
35.8
16.0
19.9

100.0
36.0
29.9
34.1
15.1
19.0

100.0
39.4
28.5
32.0
13.9
18.2

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1995
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninsti­
tutional
population

Total

197,753
14,263
7,322
6,941
18,141
113,389
41,045
19,158
21,887
41,922
21,964
19,958
30,421
17,100
13,321
20,675
10,804
9,871
31,286
9,640
8,607
13,039

130,698
6,957
2,820
4,138
13,678
94,462
34,220
15,916
18,304
35,481
18,521
16,959
24.761
14,361
10,400
11,823
7,401
4,421
3,778
2,103
1,052
623

66.1
48.8
38.5
59.6
75.4
83.3
83.4
83.1
83.6
84.6
84.3
85.0
81.4
84.0
78.1
57.2
68.5
44.8
12.1
21.8
12.2
4.8

122,597
5,758
2,245
3,513
12,353
89,554
31,973
14,767
17,206
33,731
17,520
16,211
23,850
13,822
10,028
11,329
7,116
4,213
3,603
2,001
998
604

94,749
7,221
3,740
3,481
8,954
55,714
20,221
9,430
10,791
20,653
10,827
9,826
14,840
8,375
6,465
9,832
5,174
4,657
13,028
4,358
3,757
4,912

70,597
3,553
1,419
2,134
7,283
51,045
18,796
8,692
10,103
19,111
10,018
9,093
13,138
7,565
5,573
6,492
4,049
2,443
2,225
1,182
661
381

74.5
49.2
37.9
61.3
81.3
91.6
93.0
92.2
93.6
92.5
92.5
92.5
88.5
90.3
86.2
66.0
78.3
52.4
17.1
27.1
17.6
7.8

103,004
7,043
3,583
3,460
9,186
57,675
20,825
9,729
11,096
21,269
11,136
10,132
15,581
8,725
6,856
10,843
5,630
5,213
18,257
5.282
4,849
8,126

60,102
3,405
1,401
2,004
6,395
43,418
15,425
7,224
8,201
16,370
8,504
7,866
11.623
6,796
4,827
5,331
3,352
1,979
1,554
921
390
242

58.3
48.3
39.1
57.9
69.6
75.3
74.1
74.3
73.9
77.0
76.4
77.6
74.6
77.9
70.4
49.2
59.5
38.0
8.5
17.4
8.0
3.0

Employed
Percent
of
population

Unemployed
Not
in
labor
force

Agri­
culture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

62.0
40.4
30.7
50.6
68.1
79.0
77.9
77.1
78.6
80.5
79.8
81.2
78.4
80.8
75.3
54.8
65.9
42.7
11.5
20.8
11.6
4.6

3,087
179
93
86
226
1,985
715
350
365
766
363
402
504
277
227
371
179
193
326
131
118
77

119,510
5,579
2,152
3,426
12,127
87,569
31,258
14,417
16,841
32,965
17,157
15,808
23,346
13,545
9,801
10,958
6,937
4,021
3,277
1,871
880
527

8,101
1,199
575
625
1,324
4,909
2,247
1,149
1,098
1,750
1,001
749
911
539
372
494
286
208
175
102
54
19

6.2
17.2
20.4
15.1
9.7
5.2
6.6
7.2
6.0
4.9
5.4
4.4
3.7
3.8
3.6
4.2
3.9
4.7
4.6
4.8
5.1
3.1

67,055
7,306
4,503
2,803
4,463
18,926
6,825
3,242
3,583
6,441
3,442
2,999
5,660
2,739
2,921
8,852
3,403
5,449
27,507
7.537
7,555
12,416

65,966
2,880
1,098
1,782
6,472
48,280
17,560
8,061
9,498
18,084
9,431
8,653
12,637
7,288
5,349
6,221
3,877
2,344
2,112
1,120
624
368

69.6
39.9
29.4
51.2
72.3
86.7
86.8
85.5
88.0
87.6
87.1
88.1
85.2
87.0
82.7
63.3
74.9
50.3
16.2
25.7
16.6
7.5

2,294
148
74
75
179
1,444
536
261
275
556
256
300
353
202
151
268
131
137
255
106
95
54

63,672
2,732
1,024
1,707
6,293
46,836
17,024
7,801
9,223
17,528
9,174
8,353
12,284
7,087
5,198
5,953
3,746
2,207
1,857
1,014
529
314

4,631
673
321
352
811
2,764
1,236
631
605
1,027
587
440
501
277
224
271
172
99
112
62
38
13

6.6
18.9
22.6
16.5
11.1
5.4
6.6
7.3
6.0
5.4
5.9
4.8
3.8
3.7
4.0
4.2
4.2
4.0
5.1
5.2
5.7
3.4

24,152
3,668
2,321
1.348
1,671
4,670
1,425
737
688
1,542
810
733
1,702
810
892
3,340
1,125
2,215
10,804
3,177
3,096
4.531

56,631
2,878
1,147
1,731
5,881
41,273
14,413
6,705
7,708
15,647
8,089
7,557
11,213
6,534
4,679
5,108
3,239
1,869
1,491
881
374
236

55.0
40.9
32.0
50.0
64.0
71.6
69.2
68.9
69.5
73.6
72.6
74.6
72.0
74.9
68.2
47.1
57.5
35.9
8.2
16.7
7.7
2.9

793
31
19
12
47
540
179
89
90
210
107
103
151
75
76
103
47
56
72
25
24
23

55,838
2,847
1,128
1,719
5,834
40,733
14,234
6,616
7,618
15,437
7,982
7,455
11,062
6,458
4,603
5,004
3,191
1,813
1,420
856
351
213

3,470
527
253
273
514
2,144
1,011
518
493
723
415
309
410
262
148
223
114
110
62
40
16
6

5.8
15.5
18.1
13.6
8.0
4.9
6.6
7.2
6.0
4.4
4.9
3.9
3.5
3.9
3.1
4.2
3.4
5.5
4.0
4.3
4.1
2.6

42,902
3,638
2,182
1,456
2,791
14,257
5,400
2,505
2,895
4,899
2.632
2,266
3,958
1,929
2,029
5,512
2,278
3,235
16,704
4,360
4.459
7,884

Total

Percent
of
population

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

!

I
I
|
I

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

i
I
!
!
I
I

!

I
I
I

i

20




|
!

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1995
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years ....
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ...
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over ,

Civilian
noninsti­
tutional
population

Employed
Percent
of
population

166,361
11,339
5,770
5,569
14,536
94,494
33,598
15,513
18,084
34,935
18,215
16,719
25,962
14,524
11,,438
17,,948
9,,341
8,,607
28,,044
8,573
7,680
11,791

110,848
6,026
2,455
3,571
11,285
79,728
28,408
13,112
15,296
29,872
15,488
14,384
21,448
12,359
9,089
10,381
6,479
3,902
3,427
1,926
947
555

66.6
53.1
42.5
64.1
77.6
84.4
84.6
84.5
84.6
85.5
85.0
86.0
82.6
85.1
79.5
57.8
69.4
45.3
12.2
22.5
12.3

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over .

80,432
5,784
2,967
2,816
7,272
46,997
16,777
7,740
9,038
17,420
9,096
8,325
12,800
7,189
5,611
8,630
4,530
4,100
11,749
3,921
3,372
4,456

60,609
3,089
1,238
1,851
6,071
43,660
15,802
7,250
8,552
16,329
8,520
7,809
11,530
6,596
4,933
5,771
3,583
2,188
2,017
1,079
595
344

75.4
53.4
41.7
65.7
83.5
92.9
94.2
93.7
94.6
93.7
93.7
93.8
90.1
91.8
87.9
66.9
79.1
53.4
17.2
27.5
17.6

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over ,

85,929
5,555
2,802
2,752
7,264
47,498
16,820
7,774
9,047
17,514
9,120
8,395
13,163
7,335
5,827
9,318
4,811
4,507
16,295
4,652
4,308
7,335

50,239
2,937
1,217
1,720
5,214
36,068
12,606
5,862
6,744
13,543
6,968
6,576
9,918
5,763
4,156
4,610
2,897
1,713
1,410
847
352
211

58.5
52.9
43.4
62.5
71.8
75.9
74.9
75.4
74.5
77.3
76.4
78.3
75.4
78.6
71.3
49.5
60.2
38.0

4.7

Total

104,718
5,112
1,990
3,122
10,301
76,074
26,791
12,291
14,500
28,575
14,763
13,812
20,708
11,927
8,781
9,947
6,221
3,726
3,284
1,842

899
543

Percent
of
population

Unemployed

Agri­
culture

62.9
45.1
34.5
56.1
70.9
80.5
79.7
79.2
80.2
81.8
81.0
82.6
79.8
82.1
76.8
55.4
66.6
43.3
11.7
21.5
11.7
4.6

2,882

70.9
44.2
32.9
56.1
75.1
88.4
88.6
87.5
89.6
89.3
88.8
89.8
86.8
88.6
84.6
64.1
75.7
51.3
16.4
26.4
16.6
7.6

2,108

55.5
46.0
36.1
56.0
66.7
72.7
70.9
71.0
70.8
74.4
73.3
75.5
72.9
75.8
69.3
47.4
58.1
36.0
8.3
17.4
7.9
2.8

774
31
19
12
43
526
177
88
89
204
103
102
144
73
71
103
47
56
71
25
24
23

174
93
81
198
1,841

679
336
342
699
332
367
463
260
203
360
175
186
309
126
105
78

Nonagricultural
industries

101,836
4,938
1,897
3,041
10,103
74,233
26,112
11,954
14,158
27,876
14,431
13,445
20,245
11,667
8,578
9,587
6,047
3,540
2,975
1,716

794
465

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

6,129
914
465
449
985
3,654
1,617
821
796
1,297
725
572
740
432
308
434
258
176
143
83
48
12

5.5
15.2
18.9
12.6
8.7
4.6
5.7
6.3
5.2
4.3
4.7
4.0
3.4
3.5
3.4
4.2
4.0
4.5
4.2
4.3
5.1
2.1

3,591
530
260
270
613
2,122
931
476
455
776
442
334
415
226
189
240
155
85
85
45
35
5

5.9
17.2
21.0
14.6
10.1
4.9
5.9
6.6
5.3
4.8
5.2
4.3
3.6
3.4
3.8
4.2
4.3
3.9
4.2
4.2
5.9
1.6

2,539
384
204
179
372
1,532
685
345
340
521
283
238
325
206
119
194
104
90
58
39
13
6

5.1
13.1
16.8
10.4
7.1
4.2
5.4
5.9
5.0
3.8
4.1
3.6
3.3
3.6
2.9
4.2
3.6
5.3
4.1
4.5
3.8
3.0

Men




7.7

8.7
18.2

8.2
2.9

57,018
2,559

978
1,581
5,458
41,538
14,870
6,774
8,096
15,553
8,078
7,475
11,115
6.371
4,745
5,531
3,428
2,103
1,932
1,034

560
338

47,700
2,553
1,012
1,541
4,842
34,536
11.921
5,517
6,404
13.022
6,685
6,338
9,593
5,557
4,037
4,416
2,793
1,623
1,352

808
339
205

143
74
69
155
1,316

501
248
253
495
229
265
320
187
132
257
127
130
238
102
81
55

54,910
2,416

904
1,512
5,304
40,223
14,369
6,526
7,843
15,058
7,849
7,209
10,795
6,183
4,612
5,274
3,301
1,973
1,694

932
479
283

46,926
2,523

993
1,529
4,799
34.011
11,744
5,429
6.315
12,818
6,582
6,236
9,450
5,484
3,966
4,313
2,746
1,567
1.281

784
315
182

21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1995
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninsti­
tutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent
of
population

|
Percent
[
of
j population

Total

Unemployed

Agri­
culture

Percent
of
labor
force

Nonagricultural
industries

J

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over ...

23,089
2,238
1,193
1,045
2,579
13,653
5,369
2,567
2.802
5,121
2,749
2,372
3,163
1,826
1,337
2,065
1,101

14,420

683
257
426
1,733
10,658
4,228
2,023
2.205
4,128
2,258
1,870
2,302
1,411

890
1,064

62.5
30.5
21.6
40.8
67.2
78.1
78.7
78.8
78.7
80.6
82.2
78.8
72.8
77.3
66.6
51.6
61.8
3S.8
11.0
17.4
12.7

12,893

458
178
280
1,452
9,700
3,732
1,758
1,973
3.787
2,048
1,739
2,181
1,335

845
1.025

664
362
258
126
88
44

1,013

681
384
282
144
91
47

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over .

10,336
1,098
589
510
1,174
6,170
2,408
1,146
1,262
2,337
1,258
1,079
1,426
829
597
894
481
413
999
338
309
351

7,020
340
127
213
860
5,137
2,087
988
1,099
1,982
1,077
905
1,068
654
414
519
339
180
164
81
61
23

67.9
31.0
21.6
41.8
73.3
83.3
36.7
86.2
87.1
84.8
85.6
83.9
74.9
78.8
69.4
58.0
70.5
43.5
16.4
23.9
19.6

6.229

6.4

"19

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over .

12,753
1,139
604
535
1,405
7,483
2,961
1,421
1,540
2,785
1,491
1,294
1,737
997
740
1,170
619
551
1,556
486
408
662

7,400
343
130
213
873
5,521
2,141
1,035
1,106
2,146
1,181
965
1,234
758
476
546
341
204
118
63
31
24

58.0
30.1
21.5
39.8
62.1
73.8
72.3
72.8
71.8
77.1
79.2
74.6
71.0
76.0
64.3
46.6
55.1
37.1

6,664

964
2,554

824
717

4.6

55.8
20.5
14.9
26.8
56.3
71.0
69 5
68.5
70.4
74.0
74.5
73.3
69.0
73.1
63.2
49.7
60.3
37.5
10.1
15.3
12.3
4.3

3
71
22
8
14
32
17
14
17
9
8
10
3
7
13

12.797
458
178
280
1,449
9,629
3,710
1,750
1,960
3,755
2,030
1,725
2,164
1,326
838
1,015
660
355
245
126
76
44

1,527
226
80
146
281
958
496
264
232
341
211
130
121
76
45
39
17
22
23
17
3
3

6,141
230
88
142
694
4,597
1.839
858
980
1,767
954
812
991
610
381
487
325
162
132
65
48
19

791
110
40
71
164
476
227
122
105
188
109
79
61
36
25
22
11
11
19
16

6,656
228
90
138
755
5,032
1,871
892
979
1,989
1,076
913
1,172
716
456
528
336
193
113
61
28
24

735
115
40
75
117
482
269
142
127
153
102
52
60
40
20
17
6
11
5
2
3

10.6
33.0
30.9
34.3
16.2
9.0
11.7
13.1
10.5
8.3
9.3
7.0
5.3
5.4
5.0
3.7
2.5
5.7
8.3
12.1
2.9

(1)

Men

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

22




7.6
12.9

7.5
3.7

230
87
142
696
4,661
1,860

865
994
1,795

968
826
1,007

618
389
497
328
169
145
65
61

228
90
138
756
5,039
1,872

893
979
1,993
1,080

913
1,174

718
456
529
336
193
113
61
28
24

60.3
20.9
14.9
27.9
59.3
75.5
77.2
75.5
78.8
76.8
77.0
76.6
70.6
74.5
65.2
55.5
68.1
40.9
14.5
19.3
19.6
5.5

52.3
20.0
14.9
25.8
53.8
67.3
63.2
62.8
63.6
71.6
72.4
70.6
67.6
72.0
81.7
45.2
54.2
35.0
7.3
125
6.8
3.7

88

2
64
21
7
14
28
14
14
15
7
28
10
3
7
13

11.3
32.5
31.2
33.2
19.0
9.3
10.9
12.4
9.6
9.5
10.1
8.7
5.7
5.5
6.0
4.3
3.3
6.0
11.5
19.5
1

()

V)

9.9
33.6
30.7
35.3
13.4
8.7
12.5
13.7
11.4
7.1
8.6
5.4
4.9
5.3
4.2
3.1
1.6
5.5
3.8

O

(')
n

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over

Total
Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

195,953
129,393
66.0
119,901
2,892
117,009
9,492
7.3
66,561

197,753
130,698
66.1
122,597
3,087
119,510
8,101
6.2
67,055

86,778
66,412
76.5
61,678
2,096
59,583
4,733
7.1
20,366

87,528
67,044
76.6
63,086
2,146
60,940
3,958
5.9
20,484

95,109
56,177
59.1
52,715
654
52,061
3,462
6.2
38,933

95,961
56,697
59.1
53,753
762
52,991
2,944
5.2
39,264

14,066
6,804
48.4
5,507
142
5,365
1,297
19.1
7,262

165,014
109,750
66.5
102,628
2,715
99,914
7,122
6.5
55,264

166,361
110,848
66.6
104,718
2,882
101,836
6,129
5.5
55,514

74,062
57,059
77.0
53,458
1,944
51,514
3,602
6.3
17,003

74,648
57,520
77.1
54,460
1,965
52,495
3,060
5.3
17,128

79,769
46,928
58.8
44,408
629
43,779
2,520
5.4
32,841

80,374
47,302
58.9
45,147
743
44,403
2,155
4.6
33,073

11,183
5,763
51.5
4,762
141
4,621
1,000
17.4
5,420

22,723
14,197
62.5
12,274
103
12,171
1,923
13.5
8,526

23,089
14,420
62.5
12,893
96
12,797
1,527
10.6
8,669

9,105
6,501
71.4
5,621
89
5,532
880
13.5
2,604

9,238
6,680
72.3
5,999
89
5,910
681
10.2
2,558

11,424
6,896
60.4
6,097
14
6,083
800
11.6
4,528

11,613
7,057
60.8
6,436
8
6,428
620
8.8
4,557

2,194
800
36.4
556

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force




556
243
30.4
1,395

23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1995
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninsti­
tutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Full
time

Unemployed
Looking
for
full-time
work

Part
time

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

16,732
11,252
5,480

8,054
4,807
3,247

48.1
42.7
59.3

7,065
4,048
3,017

1,289
339
950

5,777
3,709
2,067

989
759
230

173
92
80

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

8,695
8,037
6,755
1,282

3,380
4,674
3,560
1,114

38.9
58.2
52.7
86.9

2,774
4,292
3,253
1,039

126
1,163
523
641

2,648
3,128
2,730
398

607
383
307
75

73
100
61
39

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

8,347
5,694
2,653

3,899
2,319
1,580

46.7
40.7
59.6

3,332
1,893
1,439

669
184
485

2,663
1,709
953

567
426
142

107
52
54

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

4,559
3,788
3,213
576

1,738
2,161
1,637
524

38.1
57.1
51.0
91.1

1,379
1,953
1,476
477

75
594
271
323

1,304
1,359
1,205
154

359
208
161
47

46
61
38
23

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

8,386
5,559
2,827

4,155
2,488
1,667

49.6
44.8
59.0

3,733
2,155
1,579

619
155
465

3,114
2,000
1,114

422
333
88

66
40
26

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

4,137
4,249
3,542
706

1,642
2,513
1,923
590

39.7
59.1
54.3
83.5

1,395
2,339
1,777
561

50
569
251
318

1,345
1,769
1,526
244

247
174
146
28

27
39
23
15

13,282
8,888
4,394

6,933
4,193
2,740

52.2
47.2
62.4

6,157
3,587
2,570

1,094
301
793

5,063
3,286
1,777

776
606
171

114
66
48

Men
Women

6,712
6,570

3,385
3,548

50.4
54.0

2,929
3,228

592
502

2,337
2,726

456
320

79
35

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

6,734
6,547
5,530
1,017

2,920
4,013
3,120 I
893 '

43.4
61.3
56.4
87.7

2,429
3,728
2,880
847

97
996
462
535

2,332
2,731
2,419
312

491
285
240
46

49
64
43
21

2,460
1,808
652

748
449
299

30.4
24.8
45.9

596
331
266

140
27
114

456
304
152

152
118
33

40
24
17

Men
Women

1,111
1,349

318
430

28.6
31.9

247
349

45
95

202
254

71
81

15
25

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

1,533
927
732
195

335
413
245
168

21.8
44.6
33.4
86.4

249
347
205
142

14
127
46
81

235
221
160
61

1,723
1,275
449

674
418
256

39.1
32.8
57.1

524
287
237

117
28
89

407
259
148

150
131
19

28
24
4

891
832

331
343

37.2
41.2

250
274

63
54

187
221

82
68

17
11

1,090
633
458
175

295
379
238
142

27.0
59.9
51.9
81.0

186
338
201
137

6
111
28
83

180
227
173
54

108
42
37
5

16
12
12

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

16
24
10
14

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
See footnotes at end of table.

24




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1995
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninsti­
tutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time

Unemployed

Part
time

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
15,671
3,011
12,660

12,581
2,150
10,430

80.3
71.4
82.4

11,046
1,710
9,336

9,034
1,126
7,909

2,011
584
1,427

1,535
440
1,095

1,375
368
1,007

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

3,934
6,581
3,664
1,492

2,496
5,409
3,266
1,409

63.5
82.2
89.1
94.4

1,941
4,742
3,034
1,328

1,437
3,894
2,498
1,205

504
848
537
122

555
667
232
81

484
616
206
70

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,828
1,527
6,301

6,936
1,233
5,703

88.6
80.8
90.5

6,020
986
5,034

5,268
732
4,536

752
254
498

916
247
669

854
219
635

2,103
3,388
1,684
653

1,671
3,085
1,559
620

79.5
91.1
92.6
95.0

1,318
2,680
1,447
576

1,071
2,392
1,276
529

247
287
171
47

353
406
113
44

323
387
106
38

7,843
1,484
6,360

5,644
917
4,728

72.0
61.8
74.3

5,026
723
4,302

3,766
393
3,373

1,259
330
929

619
193
426

521
149
372

1,830
3,193
1,980
839

825
2,324
1,707
788

45.1
72.8
86.2
93.9

624
2,062
1,588
752

366
1,502
1,222
677

257
561

201
262
119
37

161
228
100
32

12,593
2,451
10,142

10,379
1,833
8,545

82.4
74.8
84.3

9,256
1,525
7,731

7,605
1,020
6,585

1,651
506
1,146

1,122
308
814

1,003
263
740

Men
Women

6,344
6,249

5,776
4,603

91.0
73.7

5,088
4,168

4,487
3,118

602
1,050

688
435

637
366

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

3,019
5,304
2,957
1,313

2,008
4,458
2,657
1,257

66.5
84.0
89.9
95.7

1,584
4,004
2,486
1,182

1,186
3,311
2,036
1,072

397
692
451
111

424
454
171
74

369
419
152
63

2,357
430
1,927

1,668
234
1,434

70.8
54.6
74.4

1,314
127
1,186

1,048
73
975

266
54
211

355
107
247

329
94
235

Men
Women

1,162
1,195

882
786

76.0
65.7

679
634

559
489

120
146

203
151

193
135

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

660
1,055
537
105

332
778
464
94

50.4
73.7
86.3
89.9

226
585
409
93

156
463
339
89

70
121
70
4

106
193
55
1

102
176
50
1

2,623
572
2,051

1,890
364
1,526

72.1
63.6
74.4

1,585
273
1,312

1,275
182
1,093

310
90
220

305
91
214

253
60
193

Men
Women

1,373
1,250

1,202
688

87.6
55.0

1,012
573

126
184

191
115

168
85

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

1,339
839
389
55

860
633
346
51

64.3
75.4
89.0
1

691
544
310
41

Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and
college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin




()

532
448
257
39

159
96
53
2

135
80
32
6

groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.

25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-16. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race
(In thousands)
January 1995
Employed1

Unemployed

Full-time workers

Part-time workers
At work2

At work

Age, sex, and race
35
hours

1 to 34
hours for
economic
or
noneconomic
reasons

Not
at
work

Total

Part time for
economic
reasons

Part time
for
noneconomic
reasons

Not
at
work

Looking
for
full-time
work

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

99,056
1,464
133
1,331
97,591
8,859
88,733
78,109
10,623

86,981
1,212
103
1,108
85,769
7,704
78,065
68,928
9,138

8,981
204
23
182
8,776
928
7,849
6,851
998

3,094
48
7
41
3,046
228
2,818
2,331
487

23,541
4,294
2,112
2,181
19,248
3,494
15,753
11,444
4,309

3,300
328
46
282
2,972
634
2,337
2,028
309

18,804
3,794
1,987
1,807
15,009
2,662
12,348
8,703
3,645

1,438
171
79
92
1,267
198
1,069
713
356

6,400
460
89
371
5,940
1,087
4,853
4,385
468

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

58,376
916
57,459
5,021
52,438
45,902
6,536

51,834
761
51,073
4,358
46,715
41,066
5,649

4,810
129
4,682
545
4,137
3,570
567

1,732
27
1,705
118
1,587
1,266
320

7,590
1,963
5,627
1,451
4,176
2,379
1,797

1,405
146
1,259
275
984
844
140

5,704
1,733
3,971
1,104
2,867
1,371
1,496

482
85
397
72
325
164
161

3,873
271
3,602
689
2,913
2,621
292

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

40,680
548
40,132
3,838
36,294
32,208
4,087

35,147
451
34,696
3,346
31,350
27,862
3,488

4,171
76
4,095
383
3,712
3,281
431

1,363
21
1,341
109
1,232
1,065
167

15,951
2,330
13,621
2,043
11,578
9,066
2,512

1,895
182
1,713
359
1,353
1,184
169

13,099
2,061
11,038
1,557
9,481
7,332
2,149

957
86
870
126
744
550
194

2,527
189
2,338
398
1,940
1,764
176

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

50,458
825
49,633
4,254
45,380
39,561
5,819

44,909
682
44,226
3,702
40,525
35,511
5,013

4,053
117
3,935
442
3,493
2,984
509

1,497
25
1,472
109
1,362
1,066
296

6,560
1,734
4,826
1,205
3,621
1,977
1,644

1,122
127
994
195
799
682
118

5,015
1,532
3,484
942
2,541
1,157
1,385

423
75
348
67
280
139
141

2,975
201
2,774
514
2,260
2,009
250

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

33,637
495
33,142
3,125
30,017
26,502
3,515

29,014
413
28,601
2,730
25,871
22,889
2,982

3,506
62
3,444
311
3,133
2,751
383

1,117
21
1,097
84
1,012
862
151

14,063
2,058
12,005
1,717
10,287
8,035
2,253

1,474
150
1,325
292
1,032
902
131

11,738
1,831
9,907
1,327
8,580
6,635
1,945

851
78
773
98
675
498
177

1,753
127
1,626
274
1,352
1,206
145

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,526
61
5,465
544
4,921
4,405
516

4,842
58
4,784
470
4,314
3,860
454

532
3
529
71
458
412
46

152
3
149
134
15

703
169
534
152
382
256
126

202
15
186
60
126
110
16

459
150
308
87
221
131
90

43
4
39
4
35
14
20

692
61
631
147
484
457
27

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,332
39
5,293
545
4,748
4,325
424

4,634
26
4,608
470
4,138
3,768
371

505
12
493
50
444
405
38

192
1
191
25
166
151
15

1,333
189
1,144
211
932
714
218

315
29
286
50
236
210
26

948
157
792
141
651
471
180

69
3
65
20
45
33
12

621
56
565
105
460
441
19

White

Black

1
Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on their usual
weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are at work during the
reference week. Persons absent from work are also classified according to their usual

26




status.
2
Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason for
working part time.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17. Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Total
Occupation

16 years
and over

16 years
and over

20 years
and over

16 years
and over

20 years
and over

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

119,001 122,597 64,434

65,966

61,678

63,086

55,467

56,631

52,715

Jan.
1994
Total

Women

Men

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations

33,125
15,488
733
10,607
4,127
17,638
1,818
1,250
520
933
2,730
785
4,591
826
4,184

34,507
16,780
736
11,682
4,362
17,727
1,831
1,195
464
971
2,657
860
4,551
919
4,278

17,097
8,751
381
6,511
1,844
8,346
1,676
819
367
741
370
459
1,165
660
2,089

17,899
9,514
371
7,143
2,001
8,385
1,653
831
322
772
361
480
1.197
723
2,047

17,011
8,704
380
6,465
1,843
8,307
1,669
819
367
741
368
459
1,153
660
2,072

17,805
9,480
371
7,109
2,000
8,325
1,653
831
322
772
361
476
1,180
723
2,007

16,028
6,737
352
4,097
2,284
9,292
142
431
154
192
2,360
326
3,426
166
2,096

16,608
7,266
365
4,540
2,361
9,343
179
364
143
199
2,296
380
3,354
195
2,232

15,904
6,703
352
4,070
2,276
9,201
142
431
154
192
2,355
319
3,387
166
2,055

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

37,037
3,931
1,596
1,140
1,195
14,449
4,239
2,218
1,470
6,445
76
18,657
819
564
4,110
2,327
969
9,868

37,155
3,821
1,624
1,153
1,044
14,903
4,431
2,422
1,456
6,488
107
18,431
816
546
4,064
2,308
1,010
9,687

13,349
1,928
313
865
750
7,434
2,653
1,367
1,148
2,218
47
3,987
353
206
67
213
587
2,561

13,281
1,880
312
914
654
7,511
2,729
1,398
1,152
2,192
40
3,890
331
224
71
175
592
2,497

12,661
1,907
311
848
748
7,012
2,630
1,348
1,139
1,848
47
3,742
353
198
61
202
572
2,355

12,692
1,867
311
905
651
7,120
2,708
1,386
1,143
1,843
40
3,704
326
201
63
170
572
2,372

23,688
2,003
1,284
275
444
7,015
1,585
851
322
4,228
29
14,670
466
359
4,043
2,114
382
7,307

23,875
1,941
1,312
239
390
7,392
1,702
1,024
304
4,296
67
14,542
485
323
3,992
2,133
418
7,191

22,292
1,985
1,273
274
438
6,086
1,562
838
319
3,340
26
14,221
466
354
3,949
2,088
369
6,995

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

16,578
757
2,143
13,678
6,025
2,097
2,796
2,760

16,672
838
2,217
13,616
5,810
2,271
2.816
2,720

6,817
30
1,777
5,011
2,579
304
1,580
549

6,632
27
1,837
4,768
2,447
253
1,549
518

5,928
28
1,734
4,166
1,928
294
1,464
480

5,709
24
1,802
3,883
1,745
242
1,443
453

9,760
727
367
8,667
3,446
1,793
1,216
2,211

10,040
811
380
8,848
3,363
2,018
1,266
2,201

8,753
624
351
7,779
2,850
1,726
1,160
2,043

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,129
4,430
4,648
4,052

13,398
4,296
4,974
4,128

11,932
4,253
4,548
3,132

12,173
4,114
4,852
3,207

11,733
4,184
4,455
3,093

11,939
4,028
4,756
3,155

1,197
177
100
920

1,225
182
122
920

1,172
176
97
898

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,067
7,507
5,028
3,854
1,175
4,532
531
4,001

17,644 12,793
4,612
7,694
5,077
4,535
3,403
3,827
1,250 j 1,132
4,873 i 3,646
647 j
521
4,226
3,125

13,406
4,795
4,585
3,404
1,180
4,027
621
3,406

12,019
4,475
4,450
3,331
1,119
3,094
479
2,614

12,530
4,648
4,500
3.341
1,159
3,382
574
2,808

4,274
2,895
493
451
42
886
10
876

4,238
2,900
492
422
70
846
26
820

4,101
2,822
490
448
42
788
10
778

2,576
1,080
1,496

2,326
1,024
1,303

2,412
1,045
1,367

519
275
244

646
359
286

494
269
225

Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations




2,964
1,327
1,637

3,221
1,439
1,782

2,445
1,052
1,394

27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Women

Men

Total
Occupation and race

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

119,901
100.0

122,597
100.0

27.6
12.9
14.7
30.9
3.3
12.1
15.6
13.8
.6
1.8
11.4
11.0
14.2
6.3
4.2
3.8
2.5

28.1
13.7
14.5
30.3
3.1
12.2
15.0
13.6
.7
1.8
11.1
10.9
14.4
6.3
4.1
4.0
2.6

102,628
100.0

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

64,434
100.0 i

65,966
100.0

55,467
100.0

27.1
14.4
12.7
20.1
2.9
11.4
5.9
10.1

28.9
12.1
16.8
42.7
3.6
12.6
26.4
17.6
1.3
.7
15.6
2.2
7.7
5.2
.9
1.6

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)

Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

26.5
13.6
13.0
20.7
3.0
11.5
6.2
10.6

O

O

2.8
7.8
18.5
19.9
7.2
7.0
5.7
3.8

2.8
7.2
18.5
20.3
7.3
6.9
6.1
3.9

104,718
100.0

55,878
100.0

57,018
100.0

46,750
100.0

28.6
13.5
15.2
31.3
3.3
12.6
15.4
12.5
.6
1.6
10.3
11.3
13.5
5.9
4.1
3.6
2.7

29.2
14.4
14.9
30.6
3.1
12.7
14.9
12.3
.6
1.6
10.1
11.4
13.5
5.8
4.0
3.7
2.8

27.5
14.2
13.4
21.1
3.0
12.2
5.9
9.4

28.3
15.2
13.1
20.3
2.8
11.9
5.6
8.9

12,274
100.0
18.5
8.5
10.0
28.2
3.0
8.2
17.0
23.7
1.2
3.4
19.1
8.5
20.0
8.7
5.5
5.9
1.0

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support

Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

2.5
6.8
19.1
18.8
6.8
6.7
5.3
4.1

2.5
6.3
19.3
19.1
6.9
6.6
5.6
4.1

30.0
12.6
17.4
43.5
3.7
13.0
26.8
16.3
1.2
.5
14.5
2.0
7.2
4.8
.9
1.5
1.1

12,893
100.0

5,853
100.0

6,229
100.0

6,421
100.0

19.4
9.0
10.4
28.5
3.2
8.7
16.6
22.5
1.3
3.6
17.7
7.3
21.3
9.4
5.6
6.3
1.0

16.3
8.8
7.6
17.0
2.9
6.0
8.0
19.6

16.8
8.8
8.0
18.4
3.0
7.1
8.3
18.7
.1
5.7
13.0
12.7
31.6
10.4
10.2
10.9
1.8

20.5
8.3
12.1
38.4
3.1
10.1
25.2
27.4
2.2
1.7
23.6
2.7
10.7
7.5
1.0
2.2
.2

O

O

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
1

Less than 0.05 percent.

28




5.3
14.3
14.9
30.2
9.9
10.4
9.9
1.9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Employed persons by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
January 1995
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries .
Professional services...
Public administration

Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Total
Executive,
Adminis­
Techni­
em­
adminis­
trative Private
Profes­
cians
ployed
trative,
Other
sional
and
Sales support, house­ service1
and
including hold
specialty related
mana­
clerical
support
gerial

3,087
697
7,241
20,113
11,662
8,451

88
101
1,028
2,671
1,612
1,059

89
74
139
1,752
1,082
670

8,671
25,936
4,865
21,070

1,095
2,318
583
1,735

491
477
110
366

7,988
42,947
961
41,986
29,521
5,917

2,241
5,834
5
5,829
3,718
1,404

253
13,595
14
13,581
12,160
858

41
30
55
637
418
220

14
7
51
725
298
427

303
239
174 fl 0,775
47 1,869
127 8,906
163 1,991
2,210 1,078
1
2,208 1,078
214
1,924
23
209

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

Preci­
sion
Machine
produc­
Handlers,
oper­
tion,
Transpor­
equipment |
ators,
tation
craft,
cleaners, |
assem­
and
and
blers,
helpers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
laborers
inspec­
tors

136
61
438
2,160
1,198
963

10
2
27
275
147
127

29
256
4,264
3,859
2,686
1,172

17
25
84
6,164
3,217
2,947

36
119
425
723
424
299

12
21
708
1,044
488
556

2,369
2,268
780
1,488

257
4,903
28
4,875

1,186
1,424
304
1,120

109
414
194
220

2,081
1,084
485
599

534
2,006
409
1,597

269
8,507
65
8,441
5,272
1,583

184
1,960
5
1,955
448
237

11
846
2
843
224
25

16
540

25
490
8
482
99
34

2,789
6,737
8
6,730
5,096
1,473

838
838

540
299
52

Includes protective service, not shown separately.




29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-20. Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
January 1995
Agriculture

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers

Age and sex

Wage
SelfUnpaid
and
employed family
salary
workers workers
workers

Private industries
Total
Total

Other
Private
private
household
workers industries

! Self' employed |
Government workers

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

1,523
126
56
70
182
467
340
227
118
62

1,533
38
27
11
38
246
423
274
251
265

31
15
10
5
6
2
3
3
2

110,646
5,463
2,092
3,371
11,872
29,545
30,300
21,114
9,725
2,628

92,315
5,220
2,023
3,196
10,859
25,508
24,633
16,187
7,754
2,153

959
104
70
34
96
206
229
124
132
68

91,355
5,116
1,953
3,163
10,763
25,302
24,404
16,063
7,622
2,086

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

1,178
110
49
62
147
352
250
179
90
49

1.099
28
18
10
27
183
305
174
177
205

17
10
7
3
5
1

58,275
2,663
990
1,672
6,142
16,019
15,876
10,976
5,173
1,427

50,107
2,580
968
1,612
5,719
14,155
13,441
8,756
4,261
1,196

61
7
4
4
5
12
7
8
17
4

50,046
2,572
964
1,608
5,714
14,143
13,434
8,749
4,243
1,191

8,169
83
22
61
423
1,864
2,435
2,220
913
231 |

345
16
8
9
35
115
90
48
28
12

434
10
9
1
11
63
117
100
74
59

14
4

52,371
2,801
1,102
1,699
5,730
13,526
14,424
10,137
4,551
1,201

42,208
2,640
1,055
1,585
5,141
11,353
11,192
7,431
3,493
958

899
97
67
30
91
194
222
116
115
63

41,309
2,543
989
1,554
5,049
11,159
10,970
7,315
3,379
894

10,163 i
161 !

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

30




2
1
1
2
4
2

8,768
109 i
59
51
251
1,706
2,643
2,202
1,213
644

18,331
244
69
174
1,012
4,037
5,667
4,926
1,971
475

47

j

114
589
2,173
3,232
2,706
1,058
244

|
j
i
i

5,374
64
33
30
150
1,005
1,651
1,302
775
428 |
3,394
46
25
20
101
701
993
900
438
215

\
|
i
|

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Persons at work in agriculture and nonagriculture industries by hours of work
January 1995
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Hours of work
All
industries

Nonagricultural
industries

Agriculture

All
industries

Nonagricultural
industries

Agriculture

118,065

2,751

115,314

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours

30,271
1,279
5,150
14,936
8,905

1,100
84
254
494
269

29,170
1,195
4,896
14,443
8,636

25.6
1.1
4.4
12.7
7.5

40.0
3.1
9.2
18.0
9.8

25.3
1.0
4.2
12.5
7.5

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

87,794
8,593
42,385
36,816
14,337
13,554
8,925

1,651
170
502
978
230
287
462

86,144
8,423
41,883
35,838
14,108
13,267
8,463

74.4
7.3
35.9
31.2
12.1
11.5
7.6

60.0
6.2
18.3
35.6
8.3
10.4
16.8

74.7
7.3
36.3
31.1
12.2
11.5
7.3

38.9
43.2

37.9
44.9

39.0
43.2

Total, 16 years and over

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, persons who usually work full time

redesign survey.

NOTE: Detail on persons at work in tables A-21 through A-25 may not sum
to the totals shown because of minor editing problems associated with the

A-22. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working less than 35 hours and usual
full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1995
All industries

Nonagricultural industries

Reason for working less than 35 hours
Total
Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Seasonal work
Job started or ended during week
Noneconomic reasons
Child-care problems
Other family or personal obligations
Health or medical limitations
In school or training
Retired or Social Security limit on earnings
Vacation or personal day
Holiday, legal or religious
Weather-related curtailment
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons




Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

Total

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

30,271

8,981

21,290

29,170

8,565

20,606

4,848
2,795
1,704
175
174

1,731
1,444

3,117
1,351
1,704
62

4,620
2,638
1,677
134
173

1,599
1,341

3,022
1,297
1,677
48

25,423
737
5,751
677
6,255
1,900
1,843
335
830
7,096

7,250
71
757

18,173
666
4,994
677
6,195
1,900

6,966
69
742

1,843
335
830
3,355

3,741

24,550
730
5,580
638
6,134
1,752
1,828
331
663
6,894

1,828
331
663
3,273

3,621

22.6
21.1

23.8
25.6

21.9
19.3

22.7
21.2

23.9
25.7

22.0
19.4

113
174

60

85
173

59

17,584
660
4,838
638
6,075
1,752

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1995
Average hours

Worked 1 to 34 hours

r
Industry and class of worker

Total
at
work

Total

Total 16 years and over.

115,314

29,170

Wage and salary workers .

107,171

For noneconomic
reasons
For
economic
reasons

Worked
35 hours
or more

Total
at
work

Usually
work
full
time

Usually
work
part
time

4,620

6,966

17,584

86,144

39.0

26,242

4,064

6,444

15,735

80,929

39.0

666

48

12

24

12

619

47.7

5,498

1,168

347

562

259

4,330

39.6

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods .

19,185
11,140
8,045

2,177
1,069
1,108

393
163
229

1,097
627
470

687
279
408

17,008
10,071
6,937

42.5
43.3
41.4

Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate ,

8,025
23,474
7,220

1,187
8,372
1,273

215
1,459
102

445
951
417

527
5,962
754

6,839
15,101
5,946

42.5
36.4
40.1

Service industries
Private households ..
All other industries ..
Public administration ..

37,367
930
36,437
5,736

11,165
528
10,637
852

1,493
101
1,393
42

2,409
28
2,381
540

7,263
399
6,864
271

26,202
401
25,800
4,884

37.5
27.9
37.7
40.6

Self-employed workers .
Unpaid family workers ..

8,047
96

2,875
53

557

520
2

1,799
51

5,172
43

38.3
36.9

Mining
Construction

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

32




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1995
Average hours

Worked 1 to 34 hours

Industry and class of worker

For noneconomic
reasons

Total
at
work

Total

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

115,314
5,377
2,076
3,301
109,937
11,733
98,204
84,714
13,490

29,170
4,137
1,959
2,178
25,033
3,974
21,059
16,586
4,473

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

61,682
2,637
982
1,655
59,045
6,131
52,914
45,521
7,393

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

For
economic
reasons

Worked
35 hours
or more

Total
at
work

Usually
work
full
time

Usually
work
part
time

4,620
352
47
305
4,268
846
3,422
2,992
430

6,966
152
16
136
6,814
625
6,189
5,427
762

17,584
3,633
1,896
1,738
13,951
2,502
11,448
8,167
3,282

86,144
1,240
117
1,123
84,904
7,759
77,145
68,128
9,017

39.0
22.8
16.2
26.9
39.8
35.9
40.2
40.8
36.5

10,934
1,885
915
971
9,048
1,794
7,254
5,339
1,915

2,206
167
36
131
2,039
429
1,610
1,402
208

3,511
90
11
79
3,422
325
3,097
2,692
405

5,217
1,629
868
761
3,588
1,040
2,548
1,245
1,302

50,748
751
67
684
49,997
4,337
45,660
40,182
5,478

41.9
24.6
17.4
29.0
42.7
37.6
43.3
44.0
39.1

53,632
2,740
1,094
1,646
50,892
5,601
45,290
39,193
6,097

18,237
2,252
1,045
1,207
15,985
2,180
13,805
11,247
2,558

2,414
185
11
174
2,229
417
1,812
1,590
223

3,455
62
5
57
3,392
301
3,092
2,736
356

12,367
2,005
1,028
977
10,363
1,462
8,901
6,922
1,979

35,395
489
49
439
34,907
3,422
31,485
27,946
3,540

35.6
21.0
15.2
24.8
36.3
34.1
36.6
37.2
33.2

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

98,260
53,192
45,068

25,178
9,314
15,865

3,749
1,828
1,920

5,823
2,930
2,892

15,607
4,555
11,052

73,081
43,878
29,203

39.1
42.2
35.4

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

12,357
5,961
6,395

2,853
1,137
1,716

638
279
359

852
414
437

1,364
444
919

9,503
4,824
4,679

38.1
39.7
36.6

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

38,596
6,900
16,185

5,007
1,099
4,828

1,030
295
880

2,224
416
871

1,753
388
3,076

33,590
5,801
11,357

43.8
42.2
37.4

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

29,713
10,787
13,132

9,996
2,892
5,349

1,050
549
815

1,926
748
781

7,020
1,595
3,753

19,717
7,896
7,783

35.7
37.6
33.6

TOTAL

Race

Marital status

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1995
T~

Worked 1 to 34 hours

I
Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
1

Men, 16 years and over

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

j
:
I
i
j

6,954

17,592

86,042

39.0

33,335
16,270
17,064
35,952
3,689
14,411
17,851
16,031
816
2,143
13,072
12,908
16,975
7,403
4,863
4,709

6,084
2,139
3,945
10,344
791
4,436
5,117
6,956
471
343
6,142
1,992
3,782
1,160
964
1,659

684
1,932
259
823
426
1,109
1,220 I 2,137
74 I
289
683
571
464
1,277
831
1,201
22
96
122
29
687
1,076
975
552
955
1,079
307
480
255
265
394
334

3,468
1,058
2,410
6,987
428
3,182
3,376
4,924
353
192
4,379
466
1,748
373
444

27,251
14.132
13,119
25,608
2,899
9,975
12,734
9,075
345
1,800
6,930
10,916
13,192
6,243
3,899
3,050

42.0
44.0
40.2
37.4
39.5
38.5
36.1
33.3
27.6
41.6
32.3
41.4
39.7
40.6
42.6
35.3

3,498

5,150

50,576

41.9

!
I
j
j
j
|
i

i
| 10,853
i
|
j
|
|
|
I

2,098
893
1,204
2,334
251
1,306 i
777 !
1,999 I

19!
234
|
j
i
!
I

1,746
1,780
2,642
554
754
1,334

15,943
7,027
8,916
22,979
1,862
7,049
14,069
9,641
789 i
362 j
8,490 j
1,166 i
4,042 I
2,773 I
462 i
807 l

3,986
1,246
2,741
8,009
539
3,130
4,340
4,957 I
452
109
4,396
212
1,140
606
209
324

j
j
|
I

931 I

34




Persons who
usually work
full time

I
2,205
305
149
155
297
26
195
76
398
4
16
377
518
687
154
208 j
325 i
2,407
380
109
270
923
48
488
388
803
92
12
698
33
268
153
46
69

861 i
405 '
456
659
129
262
268
304
105
199
905
769
238
246
285
3,456

932
339
593
1,378
96
850
432
1,297
15
112
1,170
356
1,186
162
300
725

!

j
I
I
I
i
'
|
I

15,294
8,350
6,944
10,638
1,576
6,056
3,006
4,391
8
1,547
2,836
9,962
10,291
4,077
3,646
2,568

12,442 i 35,466

1,071
2,536
11,957
719
418
5,782
653 i 1,817
6,175
5,608
1,478
14,970
331
160
1,322 |
2,333
309
3,919
2,944 | 9,729
1,008
3,627 j 4,684
527
338
21
337
79
17
253
3,209
489
4,094
69
109
953
310
562
2,902
242
2,167
211
144
19
253
49
207
482

-L
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.

Total
at
work

4,612 I

53,771 ■ 18,305

|
j
j
■
I
i

Worked
35 hours
Usually i or more
work I
part |
time I

29,158 |

17,391
9,243
8,148
12,972
1,828
7,362
3,782
6,390
27
1,780
4,582
11,742
12,933
4,630
4,401
3,902

Women, 16 years and over1

Total

| For
| economic Usually
i reasons
work
full
time

115,200

61,429

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

For noneconomic
reasons

I

Total
at
work

Average hours

I

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

45.1
46.2
43.8
42.0
42.1
43.4
39.1
36.7

(2)
42.8
34.5
41.7 i
40.5 j
41.8
43.5
35.5
35.5
38.7
41.0
36.9
34.8
37.0
33.4
35.3
31.0
27.9
35.9
31.1
38.6
37.1
38.6
33.6
34.2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-26. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men
Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons

Women
Unemployment
rates

Thousands of
persons

Unemployment
rates

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

5,526
2,149
686
2,690

4,631
1,729
709
2,192

7.9
5.0
9.0
14.0

6.6
4.0
8.7
11.2

3,966
1,570
883
1,512

3,470
1,304
808
1,358

6.7
4.8
7.6
10.2

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

4,216
1,767
501
1,948

3,591
1,438
531
1,621

7.0
4.6
7.9
12.5

5.9
3.8
7.8
10.2

2,907
1,300
653
952

2,539
1,085
593
861

5.9
4.5
7.1
8.4

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,027
255
143
629

791
191
137
464

14.9
7.9
14.3
23.6

11.3
5.9
12.3
17.2

896
184
202
510

735
130
172
434

12.2
7.7
9.8
17.7

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,724
1,996
645
1,082

3,147
1,609
686
852

6.3
4.8
8.6
10.7

5.3
3.9
8.6
8.2

2,786
1,378
817
590

2,430
1,177
751
503

5.6
4.4
7.3
8.0

White, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,870
1,641
460
769

2,447
1,338
518
592

5.6
4.5
7.5
9.5

4.8
3.7
7.8
7.2

2,050
1,130
596
324

1,784
981
541
261

4.9
4.1
6.7
6.1

Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

634
231
142
261

517
173
130
214

11.2
7.4
14.5
16.8

8.9
5.6
11.9
13.2

610
167
195
248

503
114
169
220

10.1
7.3
9.7
14.3




35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Total
Jan.
1994

Total, 16 years and over1

Unemployment rates
Total

Jan.
1995

Women

Men

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

9,492

8,101

7.3

6.2

7.9

6.6

6.7

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

1,012
558
454

850
390
460

3.0
3.5
2.5

2.4
2.3
2.5

2.9
3.3
2.5

2.2
2.1
2.4

3.0
3.7
2.5

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

2,260
144
1,077
1,038

1,922
109
904
909

5.7
3.5
6.9
5.3

4.9
2.8
5.7
4.7

5.1
2.8
5.5
5.6

4.8
2.5
4.6
6.2

6.1
4.3
8.4
5.2

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,697
81
120
1,496

1,382
103
94
1,185

9.3
9.7
5.3
9.9

7.7
10.9
4.1
8.0

10.0

(2)

(2)

7.7

4.9
11.5

3.4
9.1

8.8
8.6
7.2
8.9

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

1,252
251
754
246

1,056
208
625
222

8.7
5.4
14.0
5.7

7.3
4.6
11.2
5.1

8.8
5.4
13.6
5.5

7.4
4.6
11.4
4.5

8.1
3.5
26.6
6.4

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and materia! moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

2,262
800
531
931
220
711

1,946
704
408
834
238
596

11.7
9.6
9.6
17.0
29.3
15.1

9.9
8.4
7.4
14.6
26.9
12.4

11.9
8.8
10.0
17.7
28.5
15.6

9.9
7.1
7.7
15.2
26.7
12.7

11.1
10.9
5.6
14.2

Farming, forestry, and fishing

412

404

12.2

11.1

12.2

10.8

12.4

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

538
377
80
80

485
300
94
92

1
Includes a small number of persons whose last job was in the Armed
Forces.

36




Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

(2)

13.4

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-28. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

Unemployment rates

Total
Jan.
1994

Total
Jan.
1995

Men

Women

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

9,492

8,101

7.3

6.2

7.9

6.6

6.7

7,682

6,369

7.9

6.5

8.4

6.8

7.3

Mining
Construction

48
1,057

43
1,012

7.1
18.5

6.0
16.2

8.1
18.8

6.6
16.8

1.7
15.3

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery and computing equipment
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries

1,405
732
56
42
48
31
78
129
92
158
69
89
32
65
673
207
46
138
25
118
59
43
36

1,064
537
50
21
23
19
76
95
73
99
52
47
28
53
527
102
64
130
28
98
49
44
12

6.8
6.0
8.7
5.5
8.0
4.3
6.1
5.3
4.9
6.5
5.4
7.7
4.2
10.6
7.8
11.9
6.9
12.7
3.7
6.4
4.3
5.4
9.2

5.2
4.5
6.5
3.2
4.1
2.5
5.6
4.0
4.2
4.3
4.1
4.7
3.7
8.7
6.0
6.2
8.4
11.5
3.7
5.1
3.6
5.3
3.5

6.3
6.1
9.3
6.3
8.4
4.0
6.8
5.3
4.5
6.3
5.6
7.0
4.6
9.8
6.7
9.6
4.5
11.4
3.4
6.6
3.9
6.0
9.9

4.6
4.2
6.9
2.3
3.8
1.9
5.8
3.6
3.6
3.4
2.7
4.2
4.3
9.6
5.2
5.1
8.2
11.9
3.5
5.3
3.3
4.6
3.7

7.7
5.8
6.1
3.5
6.3
6.6
2.9
5.5
5.4
7.2
4.5
10.4
3.6
11.7
9.5
16.1
10.2
13.3
4.7
6.1
5.2
4.0
8.2

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

417
321
96
2,273
287
1,986
288
2,193
881
1,312

388
293
95
1,890
258
1,632
221
1,750
662
1,088

6.1
7.4
3.8
8.8
6.5
9.3
3.9
7.2
4.8
10.8

5.4
6.6
3.5
7.3
5.4
7.7
3.0
5.7
3.5
9.1

6.5
8.0
3.5
8.6
5.7
9.5
4.1
7.7
4.0
11.0

5.9
7.3
3.1
6.6
4.4
7.3
2.8
6.2
3.3
8.9

5.1
5.8
4.4
9.1
8.5
9.2
3.8
6.8
5.1
10.7

308
964
538

286
961
485

18.5
3.3

15.8
3.2

19.3
3.6

15.5
3.6

15.7
2.9

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience




37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table A-29. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Total,
16 years
and over
Jan.
1994

Women,
20 years
and over

Men,
20 years
and over
Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

White

Black

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

7,122
4,095
1,393
2,702
2,035
668
636
2,039
352

6,129
3,416
1,270
2,146
1,570
576
548
1,823
343

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

9,492
5,215
1,652
3,563
2,617
946
804
2,942
532

8,1011
4,350'
1,539
2,810
1,995
816
686
2,580!
485 i

4,733
3,223
990
2,234
1,637
596
368
1,081
61

3,958
2,681
977
1,704
1,222
481
344
873
59

3,462
1,728
542
1,187
894
293
368
1,269
95

2,944
1,407
444
963
693
270
276
1,135
127

1,297
263
121
143
86
56
67
591
375

1,199
262
118
144
79
65
66
572
300

100.0
54.9
17.4
37.5
8.5
31.0
5.6

100.0
53.7
19.0
34.7
8.5
31.8
6.0

100.0
68.1
20.9
47.2
7.8
22.8
1.3

100.0
67.7
24.7
43.0
8.7
22.1
1.5

100.0
49.9
15.7
34.3
10.6
36.7
2.8

100.0
47.8
15.1
32.7
9.4
38.5
4.3

100.0
20.3
9.3
11.0
5.2
45.6
28.9

100.0 100.0 100.0
21.8 57.5 55.7
9.9 19.6 20.7
12.0 37.9 35.0
5.5
8.9
8.9
47.7 28.6 29.7
25.0
5.6
4.9

4.9
.6
1.6
.1

4.0
.5
1.3
.1

3.1
.7
2.3
.2

2.5
.5
2.0
.2

3.9
1.0
8.7
5.5

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

I

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

38




i
I

4.0
.6
2.3
.4

i
3.31
•5|
2.0 i

•4i

3.8
1.0
8.2
4.3

3.7
.6
1.9
.3

3.1
.5
1.6
.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
January 1995
Total unemployed

Duration of unemployment

Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over

Total, 16 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Pe-sons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men, 20 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Thousands
of persons

Percent

8,101

100.0

40.8

4,350
1,539
2,810
1.995
816
686
2,580
485

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

43.2
61.4
33.3
29.9
41.7
40.3
38.7
31.4

3,958

100.0

38.5

2,681
977
1,704
1,222
481
344
873
59

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

40.6
56.0
31.8
29.5
37.7
36.8
34.8

o

O

0

0

(')

2,944

100.0

41.1

26.8

32.1

14.8

17.3

1,407
444
963
693
270
276
1,135
127

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

44.5
67.9
33.7
29.0
45.9
40.2
37.9
33.8

26.7
23.0
28.4
29.8
24.7
30.5
26.5
23.9

28.8
9.1
37.9
41.2
29.5
29.4
35.6
42.3

16.0
7.2
20.0
20.2
19.4
14.8
13.8
10.9

12.8
1.9
17.9
20.9
10.1
14.5
21.8
31.4

1,199

100.0

47.7

28.6

23.7

14.3

9.4

262
118
144
79
65
66
572
300

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

63.0
82.0
47.4
42.5

29.3
15.2
40.9
41.1

7.6
2.7
11.7
16.4

6.2
2.2
9.5
12.4

O
O

O
0

0
0

1.4
.5
2.2
3.9

(')
O

16.5
16.2

7.9
19.9

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
N e w entrants
1

Less than
5 weeks

0
0
46.1
34.9

5 to 14
weeks

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

28.0

31.2

14.1

17.1

29.2
29.9
28.8
27.8
31.4
29.0
25.6
27.8

27.6
8.7
37.9
42.3
27.0
30.7
35.7
40.8

13.2
5.7
17.3
18.1
15.2
14.7
15.2
15.6

14.4
3.0
20.6
24.2
11.7
16.0
20.5
25.3

28.6

32.9

13.5

19.4

30.5
34.8
28.1
25.8
33.9
30.3
22.0

28.9
9.3
40.1
44.7
28.4
32.9
43.3

12.4
5.5
16.4
17.3
14.1
13.8
16.1

16.4
3.8
23.7
27.4
14.3
19.1
27.1

29.5
29.0

24.4
36.1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-31.

Unemployed total and full-time workers by duration of unemployment
Total
Duration of unemployment

Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks




Thousands of persons

Full-time workers
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

9,492

8,101

100.0

100.0

7,766

6,400

100.0

100.0

3,731
2.509
1.655
854
3,251
1,463
1,788
582
1,207

3,307
2,265
1,593
672
2,529
1,143
1.387
588
798

39.3
26.4
17.4
9.0
34.3
15.4
18.8
6.1
12.7

40.8
28.0
19.7
8.3
31.2
14.1
17.1
7.3
9.9

2,687
2,167
1,416
752
2,912
1,245
1,667
545
1,123

2,373
1,843
1,280
562
2,185
943
1.242
523
719

34.6
27.9
18.2
9.7
37.5
16.0
21.5
7.0
14.5

37.1
28.8
20.0
8.8
34.1
14.7
19.4
8.2
11.2

18.1
8.4

16.5
1.1

19.9
9.7

18.0
8.7

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

_

39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Unemployed persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
January 1995
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, race, and
marital status

I
Total

Less
than

5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

Weeks

15 weeks and over
Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

Average
(mean)
duration

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,101
1,199
1,324
2,247
1,750
911
494
175

3,307
573
650
932
630
262
191
70

2,265
343
355
627
511
278
107
44

2,529
284
319
688
609
372
196
60

1,143
172
177
314
231
157
76
16

1,387
112
142
374
378
215
120
45

16.5
11.5
11.9
16.0
18.9
22.0
22.3
20.8

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,631
673
811
1,236
1,027
501
271
112

1,817
292
393
488
389
120
97
38

1,356
224
229
354
285
185
52
27

1,458
157
189
394
353
196
122
47

630
95
104
170
132
78
41
10

828
62
85
224
221
118
81
37

16.9
11.4
11.9
16.9
18.5
23.1
25.0
25.0

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,470
527
514
1,011
723
410
223
62

1,490
280
258
444
241
142
94
32

909
119
126
273
226
93
55
17

1,071
127
130
294
256
176
74
13

513
77
73
144
99
79
36
5

558
50
57
150
157
97
38
8

15.9
11.8
11.8
14.9
19.6
20.8
19.0

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

6,129
3,591
2,539

2,616
1,451
1,165

1,715
1,063
652

1,798
1,077
722

836
473
363

963
604
358

15.4
16.2
14.2

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,527
791
735

549
293
257

390
199
192

587
300
287

231
115
116

356
185
172

20.2
19.4
20.9

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

1,729
709
2,192

629
280
908

540
189
627

560
241
657

237
95
298

323
146
359

17.2
18.5
16.2

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

1,304
808
1,358

552
303
636

358
228
323

394
278
400

205
110
198

188
168
202

15.1
19.1
14.7

0

Race

Marital status

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

40




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
January 1995
Thousands of persons
Occupation and industry
Total

Less
than
5 weeks

Weeks

15 weeks and over
5 to 14
weeks

15 to 26
weeks

Total

27 weeks
and over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

850
1,922
1,382
1,056
1,946
404

311
883
560
432
829
129

196
428
427
300
591
169

343
611
395
324
527
106

153
304
166
152
238
44

190
307
229
172
289
62

19.9
15.9
16.5
15.3
15.3
15.9

9.3
6.9
7.8
7.8
6.9
8.6

286
1,050
1,084
542
542
432
1,910
239
2,022
136

114
472
393
210
182
178
870
85
826
40

111
329
305
134
170
92
486
91
566
30

61
249
387
197
189
161
554
63
630
65

23
125
186
85
101
71
242
34
295
33

38
124
201
112
88
90
312
29
334
33

14.1
13.4
17.8
18.2
17.5
17.8
15.5
15.7
16.2
25.5

7.5
6.2
8.7
8.5
8.8
8.5
6.9
8.9
7.6
10.4

485

152

135

198

75

123

19.5

10.1

INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Public administration
No previous work experience
Includes wage and salary workers only.

A-34. Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex
(In thousands)
January 1995
Category

Age
Total

Total not in the labor force
Do not want a job now1
Want a job1
Did not search for work in previous year.
Searched for work in previous year2
Not available to work now
Available to work now
Reason not currently looking:
Discouragement over job prospects3
Reasons other than discouragement
Family responsibilities
In school or training
Ill health or disability

Other4
1

Includes some persons who are not asked if they want a job.
Persons who had a job in the prior 12 months must have searched since
the end of that job.
3
Includes believes no work available, could not find work, lacks necessary
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of
2




Sex

16 to 24
years

25 to 54
years

55 years
and over

Men

Women

67,055
61,056
5,999
3,521
2,478
695
1,783

11,769
9,677
2,092
1,170
921
311
611

18,926
15,997
2,929
1,623
1,306
341
965

36,359
35,381
978
728
250
43
207

24,152
21,745
2,407
1,321
1,086
265
821

42,902
39,310
3,592
2,200
1,392
430
962

440
1,343
204
267
134
738

104
506
29
209
22
247

273
692
160
58
90
384

63
144
15

248
573
31
145
58
339

192
770
173
122
76
399

22
107

discrimination.
4
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for
such reasons as child care and and transportation problems, as well as a
small number for which reason for non participation was not ascertained.

41

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-35. Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1995
Characteristic

Both sexes

Men
1

Number

7,156
264
6,892
812
6,080
5,449
631
503
128

5.8
4.6
5.9
6.6
5.8
6.1
4.2
4.4
3.6

6,297
626
398

4,117
1,139
1,900

Number

Rate1

3,855
104
3,750
399
3,352
2,975
377
287
90

5.8
3.6
5.9
6.2
5.9
6.2
4.5
4.6
4.3

3,301
160
3,142
413
2,728
2,474
254
216
38

5.8
5.5
5.8
7.0
5.7
6.0
3.8
4.2
2.6

6.0
4.9
3.8

3,431
302
251

6.0
4.8
3.9

2,866
324
148

6.0
4.9
3.5

5.7
6.1
6.1

2,521
379
955

6.1
5.1
5.5

1,596
760
945

5.1
6.7
6.9

Rate

Number

Women
1

Rate

AGE
2

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White
Black
Hispanic origin
MARITAL STATUS
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Primary job full time, secondary job part time
Primary and secondary jobs both part time
Primary and secondary jobs both full time
Hours vary on primary or secondary job

4,288
1,533
233
1,074

1
Multiple jobholders as a percent of all employed persons in specified
group.
2
Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their
primary job and full time on their secondary jobs(s), not shown separately.

1,673
1,077
57
478

2,616
456
176
596

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-36. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Employed

Total

Veteran status
and age
Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Unemployed
Percent of
labor force

Number
Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

Jan.
1994

Jan.
1995

4.0
4.0
5.1
3.7
3.6
4.0

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 40 years and over
40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 years and over

7,374
6,507
1,957
3,181
1,369
867

7,528
6,555
1,635
3,248
1,671
973

6,477
5,962
1,792
2,952
1,218
515

6,528
6,006
1,504
2,992
1,510
522

6,162
5,661
1,675
2,835
1,150
501

6,265
5,764
1,427
2,881
1,456
501

315
301
117
117
68
14

263
242
77
111
54
21

4.9
5.1
6.5
3.9
5.6
2.8

15,788
7,311
4,601
3,877

16,721
7,830
4,933
3,959

14,212
6,735
4,114
3,363

15,033
7,267
4,411
3,354

13,428
6,349
3,903
3,177

14,390
6,917
4,251
3,222

784
387
211
186

643
350
160
132

5.5
5.7
5.1
5.5

NONVETERANS
Total, 40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans

42




are men who have never served in the Armed Forces.

:
I
l

4.3
4.8
3.6
3.9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1944 to date
(In thousands)
Service-producing
Year
and
month

I

Total

|

:

i Transpor- ■
| tation j Wholej
and
sale
j public j trade
utilities !
_l_

Tota
'
private

i

Retail
trade

Finance,
insurance,
and
Services
real
estate

Government

Federal

State

Annual averages
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949

..
..
..
..
..
..

1

j
j
I
I
I

35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

862 j
955 I
994
930 ,

1,108 |
1,147 j
1,683 j
2,009 |
2,198 .
2,194

17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364 i
2,637 |
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962 !
2,817 !
3,004 I

15,241 ! 26,691
16,393 I 27,860 I
16,632
28,595 i
17,549
29.128 |
16,314
29,239 i
16,882
30,128 |
17,243
31,264
17,176
31,889 !
15,945
31,811 |
16,675
32,857 i

19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

892

18,506
19,959 I
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,967
19,513
20,411

836 I

22,536
22,869
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189

i
1950 ..
1951 ..
1952 ..
1953 ..
1954 ..
1955 ..
1956 ..
1957 ..
1958 ..
1959 2 .
1960 ..
1961 ..
1962 ..
1963 ..
1964 ..
1965 ..
1966 ..
1967 ..
1968 ..
1969 ..
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..| 45,197
..; 47,819 |
..j 48,793 j
..' 50,202
J 48,990 j
..! 50,641 !
..| 52,369 '
..i 52,855
..I 51,322
..; 53,270

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186

..; 54,189
..! 53,999
..j 55,549
56,653
58,283
60,763 |
..| 63,901 '
.. 65,803 I
..i 67,897 |
.. 70,384 j

20,434
45,836
19,857
45,404
20,451
46,660
20,640
47,429
21,005
48,686
50,689 I 21,926
53,116 | 23,158
54,413 | 23,308
56,058 i 23,737
58,189
24,361

!

. [ 70,880
..' 71,211 !
.J 73,675
.J 76,790
..! 78,265
..j 76,945
... 79,382
..'. 82,471
..' 86,697
..' 89,823

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

I
I

23,578 i
22,935 I
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

|
j
|

I

I
j
!
!
;
!
i
!
|

623 |
609
628 '
642 |
697
752
779
813
851
958

3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

1,851
1,955
2,298
2,478
2,612
2,610

5,208
5,359
6,077
6,477
6,659
6,654

1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828

4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5.181
5.239

2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908 i

4,034 |
4,226 j
4,248 !
4,290 |
4,084 !
4,141 ■'
4,244 I
4,241 '
3,976 |
4,011 ,

2,643
2,735
2,821
2,862
2,875
2,934
3,027
3,037
2,989
3,092

6,743
7,007
7,184
7,385
7,360
7,601
7,831
7,848
7,761
8,035

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389 !
2.438 |
2,481 ;
2,549

5,356 I
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

8,238
3,153
8,195
3,142
8,359
3,207
8,520
3,258
8,812
3,347
9,239
3,477
9,637
3,608
9,906
3,700
3,791 I 10,308 '
3,919 j 10,785 |

I 90,406
| 91,152
89,544
I 90,152
j 94,408
| 97,387
j 99,344
101,958

1990 ..
1991 ..
1992 ..
1993 ..
1994P .

..! 109,419
J 108,256
..1108,604
..1110,525
..,113,427

1105,210
M07,895

25,658
74,166
25,497
75,121
73,707 23,812
23,330
74,282
78,384 | 24,718
24,842
80,992
24,533
82,651
24,674
84,948
25,125
87,824
25,254
90,117
91,115
89,854
89,959
91,708
94,386

24,905
23,745
23,231
23,256
23,583

1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
927
777
717
713
692
709
689
635
611
605

■

!
!
I
|
,
|
|
|
i
I
i
|

3,588

3,704 J
3,889 |
4,097

4,020 I
3,525 j
3,576 I
3,851
4,229 '
4,463 !

35,098 I
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,158
46,023

j

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

|
!
I
I
I
i
47,302 j
48,276 ,
50,007 !
51,897 !
53,471 |
54,345 j
56,030 |
58,125 |
61,113 j
63,363

4,515
4,476
4.541
4,656
4,725
4.542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

4,346
4,188
3,904
3,946
4,380
4,668
4,810
4,958
5,098
5,171

!
i
i
j
|
!
j
j
j
!

20,285
20,170
18,780
18,432
19,372
19,248
18,947
18,999
19,314
19,391

64,748
65,655
65,732
66,821
69,690
72,544
74,811
77,284
80,086
82,642

5,146
5,165
5,081
4,952
5,156
5,233
5,247
5,362
5,514
5,625

5,120
4,650
4,492
4,642
4,916

j

I

19,076
18,406
18,104
18,003
18,063

84,514
84,511
85,373
87,269
89,844

!
I
I

1

111,711
111,919
112,298
112,699
112,951
113,334
113,624
113,914
114,186
114,348
114,882
115,092

92,810
93,003
93,357
93,718
93,937
94,316
94,601
94,827
95,035
95,228
95,692
95,929

I
I
!
I
|

23,328
23,327
23,395
23,506
23,519
23,576
23,590
23,640
23,673
23,715
23,827
23,858

!

115,226 I 96,095 i 23,927
-L.

!

I
!
I
i
i
|
|

4.744
4.745
4,806
4,893
4,907
4,927
4,944
4,942
4,972
4,974
5,044
5,044

599 ,

5,071

616 j
612 i
606
603
605
601
603
605
599
600
596

]
I
j
|
i
!
'
I
!
j
|
:

V)
V)
1

()

1.168
1,250
1,328
1,415
1,484

!
I
!
I
j
!

4,006
4,014
4,127
4,291
4,447
4,430
4,562
4,723
4,985
5,221

11,034
11,338
11,822
12,315
12,539
12,630
13,193
13,792
14,556
14,972

I
i
|
j
|
'

5,292
5,375
5,295
5.283
5,568
5,727
5,761
5,848
6,030
6,187

15,018
! 15,171
| 15,158
j 15,587
:
16,512
17,315
! 17,880
| 18,422
i 19,023
| 19,475

5,793 !
5,762 I
5,721 j
5.787
5,843

6,173
6,081
5.997
5,958
6,059

19,601
19,284
19,356
19,717
20,309

19,924
19,965
20,026
20,137
20,153
20,279
20,386
20,405
20,470
20,523
20,655
20,736

'
i
.
;
j
I
I
|

!
|
j
|
:
;
!
j
|

j
|
i

7,378
2,628
7,619
2,688
7,982
2,754
8,277
2,830
8,660
2,911
9,036
2,977
9,498
3,058
10,045
3,185
10,567
3,337 I
3,512 | 11,169

i 11,548
3.645 i
11,797

|
!
|
|
j
|
I
!
i
i

2,270
2.279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758
2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2.724
2,748
2,733
2.727
2.753
2,773

3,772 !
12,276
3,908
12,857
4,046
13,441
4,148
13,892
4,165
14,551
4,271
15,302
4,467
16,252
4,724
17,112
4,975

i
|
;
!
i
|
!
:

|
|

|
i

1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533
2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541

2,866 !
2,772 !
2,739 I
2,774 :
2,807
2,875
2,899
2,943
2,971
2,988

3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,832
3,893
3,967
4,076
4,182

6,709 | 27,934
6.646
28,336
6,602 i 29,052
6,712 | 30,278
6,789
31,803

3,085
2,966
2,969
2,915
2,870

4,305
4,355
4,408
4,484
4,553

6,771
6,776
6,781
6,791
6,787
6,798
6,797
6,801
6,794
6,786
6,791
6,791

2.893
2,892
2,884
2,882
2,870
2,859
2,859
2,858
2,863
2,858
2,854
2,869 i

4,492
4,511
4,520
4,534
4,533
4,539
4,568
4,585
4,593
4,581
4,586
4,590 j

5.160
5,298
5,340
5,466
5,684
5,948
6,273
6,533
6,630
6,668

|
!
I
;

17,890
18,615
19,021
19,664
20,746
21,927
22,957
24,110
25,504
26,907

I
i
j
'
i
i
.
!
'

|
j
I
|
i

9,482
9,687
9,901
10,1
10,3
10,6
10.9
11.0
11,2
11,4
11,6

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
17,968
17,970
17,980
18,007
18,009
18,044
18,045
18,095
18,096
18,142
18,183
18,218

88,383
88,592
88,903
89,193
89,432
89,758
90,034
90,274 j
90,513
90,633
91,055
91,234

18,257

91,299 |

5,793 i
5,803 j
5,816 |
5,759 ,
5,843 :
5,849 I
5,857 ;
5.866 i
5,865 !
5.867 '
5,888 !
5,915 i

5,990 |
6,003 j
6,013
6,028 !
6,037 |
6,049
6,053 |
6,079 ]
6,095 '
6,106
6,117
0,132

31,004
31,129
31,326
31,497
31,598
31,765
31,918
32,036
32,138
32,231
32,414
32,497

I

Not available.
2
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 19Ei9. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonfarm total for the March 1959 benchmark
month.
p
- preliminary.




j

!

L
1994:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September .
October
November ..
December13 .
1995:
January13

(')
(1)

I
33,755 i
34,142 I

2,926
16,796
2,859
16,326
16,853
2,948
16,995
3,010
17,274
3,097
18,062
3,232
3,317 i 19,214
3,248 i 19,447
3,350
19,781
3,575
20,167

I
1980 ..
1981 ..
1982 ..
1983 ..
1984 ..
1985 ..
1986 ..
1987 ..
1988 ..
1989 ..

V)

(11)
(1 )
()
O
O

5,930 I

6,148 I 20,748
6,792 I 32,550 i 2,841 [ 4,581
11,709
I
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1993
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1993) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1990) are subject to revision.

43

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

p

Mining

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8
34.8
34.7
34.6

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76
8.98
9.28
9.66

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85
312.50
322.02
334.24

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2
42.4
42.3
43.0

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.46
12.54
12.80
13.26

34.5
34.3
34.4
34.5
34.6

10.01
10.32
10.57
10.83
11.12

345.35
353.98
363.61
373.64
384.75

44.1
44.4
43.9
44.3
44.7

13.68
14.19
14.54
14.60
14.89

Weekly ! Weekly
earnings | hours

_

Construction

j Hourly I Weekly I Weekly
i earnings i earnings i hours

I Hourly
I earnings

Weekly
earnings

Armual averages
$2.81
$117.74
2.92
123.52
3.05
130.24
3.19
135.89
3.35
142.71
3.60
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132 06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
525.81
531.70
541.44
570.18

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4
37.8
37.9
37.9

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.48
12.71
13.08
13.54

367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.46
466.75
480.44
495.73
513.17

603.29
630.04
638.31
646.78
665.58

38.2
38.1
38.0
38.4
38.8

13.77
14.00
14.15
14.37
14.69

526.01
533.40
537.70
551.81
569.97

37.0
36.1
38.1
38.3
39.7
39.6
39.7
39.7
39.9
39.5
38.4
38.7

$14.41
14.45
14.44
14.49
14.59
14.57
14.72
14.76
14.94
15.03
14.85
14.80

$533.1
521.6.
550.1(
554.9
579.2,
576.9584.31
585.9
596.1
593.6
570.2<
572.7(

37.8

14.66

554.15

i

.
!

'

_.

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
44.1
43.7
44.0
44.5
44.4
44.8
44.9
45.1
45.4
45.2
45.4
45.1
391.13
See footnotes at end of table.

44




44.7

T"

$15.06
14.92
14.84
14.96
14.83
14.73
14.73
14.69
14.93
14.91
14.97
15.10
15.24

$664.
652.
652.
665.
658
659
661.
662.
677
673,
679
681
681.23

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing

Weekly
hours

Hourly
Weekly
Hourly | earnings,
earnings
earnings I excluding
] overtime !

Weekly
hours

j Hourly
| earnings

Wholesale trade

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Annual averages
40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.60
2.73
2.87
3.04
3.23

39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2

3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.4
39.4
39.2
38.8
38.6
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.43
3.64
3.85
4.07
4.38
4.72
5.02
5.39
5.88
6.39

39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7
41.0
41.1
41.0

7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.54
9.73
9.91
10.19
10.48

7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52 |
8.82 i
9.16
9.34
9.48
9.73
10.02

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01
406.31
418.81
429.68

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.2
38.8
38.9

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70
12.03
12.26
12.60

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64
471.58
475.69
490.14

38.4
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.1
38.1
38.0

6.95
7.55
8.08
8.54
8.88
9.15
9.34
9.59
9.98
10.39

40.8
40.7
41.0
41.4
42.0

10.83
11.18
11.46
11.74
12.06

10.37
10.71
10.95
11.18
11.42

441.86
455.03
469.86
486.04
506.52

38.9
38.7
38.9
39.6
39.9

12.97
13.22
13.45
13.63
13.88

504.53
511.61
523.21
539.75
553.81

38.1
38.1
38.2
38.2
38.3

10.79
11.15
11.39
11.73
12.01

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
41.5
40.9
41.9
42.0
42.0
42.2
41.6
42.0
42.4
42.3
42.5
42.9

$11.96
12.00
11.99
12.01
12.01
12.03
12.04
12.01
12.14
12.10
12.17
12.26

$11.38
11.42
11.38
11.39
11.39
11.39
11.42
11.35
11.45
11.44
11.50
11.57

$496.34
490.80
502.38
504.42
504.42
507.67
500.86
504.42
514.74
511.83
517.23
525.95

39.6
39.4
39.5
39.9
40.0
40.1
40.3
40.2
40.1
40.2
39.8
39.7

$13.83
13.85
13.80
13.78
13.76
13.72
13.84
13.86
13.93
14.03
14.09
14.09

$547.67
545.69
545.10
549.82
550.40
550.17
557.75
557.17
558.59
564.01
560.78
559.37

38.2
37.9
38.1
38.3
38.6
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.4
38.7
38.3
38.4

$11.95
11.93
11.87
11.99
11.98
11.94
12.00
11.96
12.05
12.15
12.11
12.16

41.9

12.25

11.62

513.28

39.5

14.18

560.11

38.2

12.25

See footnotes at end of table.




45

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

I Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

i Hourly
I earnings

Weekly j
earnings ,

Services
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages
1964.
1965.
1966.
1967.
1968.
1969.

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

$85 79
88 91
92 13
95 72
101.,75 j
108.70 I

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

1970.
1971 .
1972.
1973.
1974.
1975.
1976.
1977.
1978.
1979.

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.,67 j
117.85 i
122.98 |
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190..77

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

1980.
1981 .
1982.
1983.
1984.
1985.
1986.
1987.
1988.
1989.

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2
29.2
29.1
28.9

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03
6.12
6.31
6.53

147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
176.08
178.70
183.62
188.72

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.3
35.9
35.8

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.36
8.73
9.06
9.53

209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.30
316.90
325.25
341.17

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.6
32.6

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.18
8.49
8.88
9.38

1990.
1991 .
1992.
1993.
1994p

28.8
28.6
28.8
28.8
28.9

6.75
6.94
7.12
7.29
7.49

194.40
198.48
205.06
209.95
216.46

35.8
35.7
35.8
35.8
35.8

9.97
10.39
10.82
11.35
11.83

356.93
370.92
387.36
406.33
423.51

32.5
32.4
32.5
32.5
32.5

9.83
10.23
10.54
10.79
11.07

$429.16
421.37
418.30
421.62
427.42
414.29
418.40
416.42
419.49
435.12
424.94
429.11

32.5
32.2
32.3
32.4
32.7
32.5
32.8
32.7
32.4
32.8
32.4
32.4

$11.06
11.05
11.02
11.01
11.03
10.92
10.92
10.92
11.13
11.22
11.23
11.30

443.72

32.4

11.43

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1994:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September.
October
November..,
December*5
1995:
January"
1

28.2
28.1
28.5
28.7
28.9
29.3
29.7
29.7
28.9
29.1
28.7
29.3

$7.45
7.45
7.45
7.47
7.47
7.45
7.44
7.43
7.54
7.57
7.57
7.59

$210.09
209.35
212.33
214.39
215.88
218.29
220.97
220.67
217.91
220.29
217.26
222.39

28.4

7.66

217.54

|
!
!
i

Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.

46




36.4
35.8
35.6
35.7
36.1
35.5
35.7
35.5
35.4
36.2
35.5
35.7

$11.79
11.77
11.75
11.81
11.84
11.67
11.72
11.73
11.85
12.02
11.97
12.02

36.4

12.19
p

|

I

370.33
I

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1993 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1993 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1995

1994
Industry

Total

I
| Jan.

I

Total private
Goods-producing
1

Mining
Metal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels .

Feb.

Manufacturing .

Nondurable g o o d s
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper a n d allied products
Printing a n d publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather a n d leather products
Service-producing .
Transportation a n d public utilities ....
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger
transit
Trucking a n d warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications a n d public utilities ...
Communications
Electric, gas, a n d sanitary services

"■

-

July

June

I May
T

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

~

92,8101 93,003' 93,357, 93,718! 93,937i 94,316
23,328

!

94,601

94,827 j 95,035

95,228 95,692 95,929

23,506' 23,519! 23,576! 23,590

23,640! 23,673

23,715 23,827 23,858

i

23,327;

23,3951

i

!
6051
50J

603
52
336
101

605
51
341
101

599

600

596

339:
101'

601
51
335
101

51
335
101

52
332
102

52
329
102

4,9271
1,165
725
3,037

4,944
1,161
733
3,050

4,942
1,166
725
3,051

4,972
1,172
727
3,073

4,974
1,180
716
3,078

5,044
1,194
727
3,123

5,044
1,197
722
3,125

18,045

18,095

18,096

10,182! 10,182i 10,190' 10,2161 10,217; 10,253 10,249
7261
726)
730
732
723 i
7231
723;
4921
4931
4951
496
500
4921
493|
5291
5281
529!
530
521,
5211
523,
680 j
678!
6841
686
6791
680.
679

10,290
734
496
531
686

10,306 10,335 10,371
735
737
743
496
497
500
531
533
535
690
695
699

616
50 i
3491
1021
4,7441
1,139|
713j
2,8921

612
50!
3461
101 i
I
4,745i
1,134)

7091
2,902 j

609 i
501
344,
1001
4,806'
1,152i
710i
2,944!
I

606!
50
342!
1001
4,8931
1,163
725
3,005,

603
50
338
101
4,907
1,1611
723j
3,023j

I
17,968' 17,970j 17,980' 18,0071 18,0091 18,044
I

Durable g o o d s
Lumber a n d w o o d products
Furniture a n d fixtures
Stone, clay, a n d glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel
products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery a n d equipment .
Electronic a n d other electrical
equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Apr.

1111,7111111,919:112,298.112,699.112,9511113,334 113,624 113,914 114,186 114,348 114,882 115,092

I
Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building .
Special trade contractors

! Mar.
_L.
i

18,142 18,183 18,218

|

I

10,400
745
501
536
701

i

238
1,345
1,922

236!
1,345!
1,925

235!
1,348
1,927!

231'
1,353'
1,938 j

230
1,357
1,940

2341
1,365!
1,947j

234
1,368
1,942

232
1,373
1,952

233
1,373
1,956

235
1,381
1,957

235
1,388
1,963

235
1,397
1,967

1,524
1,730
874
502
871
375

1.528J
1,726|
868i
496!
868i
374|

1,5351
1,723!
867'
4 9 1
'
864:
374'

1,542'
1,719!
8701
486!
861
377;

1,540!
1,7181
8681
484j
858 i
376 j

1,550
1,724
876
480
853
375

1,551
1,712
875
475
849
379

1,561
1,727
893
472
850
380

1,567
1,731
898
468
848
379

1,567
1,741
909
467
845
382

1,574
1,741
911
464
846
382

1,583
1,743
914
462
844
383

7,786 j
1,6671
41!
672 j
956 j
686 j
1,517;
1,065 i
148,
917,
117,

7,788
1,672,
40!
673'
954;
685 j
1,5181
1,0621
148|

7,790
1,670'
41 ■'
674'
956!
6841
1,521'
1,059i
147
922|
1161

7,7911
1,6671
41 j
673 j
9551
684',
1,523!
1.0571
148 !
927 !
116 !

7,792 j
1,665.
40'
671!
958 i

7,791 j
1,666;
39!
671 j
957,

7,796
1,668
38
672
954
684
1,531
1,053
147
935
114

7,805
1,666
40
672
958
683
1,535
1,050
149
938
114!

7,790
1,661
38
669
957
680
1,533
1,049
149
941
113

7,807
1,662
39
672
956
684
1,537
1,049
149
946
113

7,812
1,670
38
674
948
685
1,538
1,046
149
951
113

7,818
1,669
38
672
945
686
1,543
1,047
149
955
114

920J
116|

684

683

1,524
1,056

1,528
1,054

148
931
115

147
932
114

I
88,383, 88,592) 88,903l 89,193 ; 89,432 89,758
5,803 j

5,793
3,611
247

3,6221
2481

377
1,705
165
739
18
360
2,182
1,249
933

380
1,711
166
739
18
360
2,181
1,249!
932|.

5,816:
3,638,
248
382'
1,72V
168'
739'
18 !
362!
2,178!
1,2481
9301
i

5,759.
3,582!
2461
j
3861
1,665!
166i
738;
18;
363!
2.177 1
1,250'
927 !

90,034! 90,274 90,513 90,633 91,055 91,234

5,843
3,664

5,849
3,677

243

246

3831
1,753
169
733
18
365
2,179
1,254
925

5,857
3,687
245

5,866
3,691
241

5,865
3,694
245

5,867
3,694
245

5,888
3,712
248

5,915
3,738
247

397;
1,772:
165
729
18
369
2,175
1,261
914

390
1,775
167
729
18
370
2,171
1,257
914

390
1,773
166
730
18
372
2,173
1,260
913

393
1,782
165
732
18
374
2,176
1,261
915

396
1,795
165
740
17
378
2,177
1,264
913

i

391
1,768
169
166J
728
729 j
17
18
369
365'
2,1721 2,170
1,254
1,253
919
916
389!
1,764i

See footnotes at e n d of table.




47

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994
Industry
Jan.
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods .
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service
stations
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores .
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....
Finance
Depository institutions
Nondepository institutions
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and
service
Real estate
Services1
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Personnel supply services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services ....
Health services
Hospitals
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Museums and botanical and zoological
gardens
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services
Government
Federal
State
Education
Other State government .
Local
Education
Other local government ..
1

1
Feb. i Mar.

Apr.

48




June

July I Aug. Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

6,049 6,053; 6,079 6,095 6,106
6,028, 6,037
6,117
6,132
3,457 3,461, 3,471, 3,476
3,493
3,445' 3,449
3,484
3,503
2,592 2,5921 2,608' 2,619
2,624
2,5831 2,588
2,622
2,629
i
I
I
19,924 19,965j 20,026i 20,137| 20,153 20,279 20,386 20,405! 20,470 20,523 20,655 20,736
808
8331
852
859
863
8291
812i
818
838i
842
8441
848
2,421
2,433] 2,432
2,442 2,438 j 2,443; 2,457 2,476! 2,484
2,506
2,557
2,549
3,215
3,240; 3,234! 3,247
3,223 i 3,232
3,229
3,252
3,267
3,288
3,254! 3,248
!
I
I
I
2,084
2.117J 2,132; 2.139J 2,143
2,159| 2,171
2,145
2,180
2.194J 2,204
2,101
1,146
1,154, 1,146! 1,144i 1,145
1,148; 1,154; 1,158
1,149
1,1521 1,148
1,148
855
866;
879'
905,
897 j
925
936
936
885
862
876,
914j
6,928
6,928! 6,995i 6,993! 7,084
7,129! 7.105J 7,111 i 7,115
7,209
7,148
6,915
2,467
2,479! 2,488: 2,4871 2,507
2.520J 2,514i 2,540
2,535
2,539
2,542
2,471
5,990
3,424
2.566J

6,003!
3,430|
2,573;

6,013
3,434
2,579

6,771
3,252
2,057
477
4891
229!
2,187!
1,5251

6,776
3,254
2,050
483
492
229
2,186
1,525

662 j
1,332j

661
1,336

6,791 ! 6,787!
6,781
3,259 ! 3,257
3,256
2,042, 2,039
2,044
486
487 j
486
501!
499 j
496
2311
231 j
230!
2,185| 2.189J 2,1851
1,5241 1,527| 1,522!
I
I
6621
663;
661!
1,3401 1,343! 1,345!

I

!

6,798
3,263
2,041
484
505
233
2.184J
1,5211

6,797;
3,2611
2,0421
480 i
506!
2331
2,182
1,517

663
1,351

665
1,354

6,801 ;
3,259|
2,040!
476:
508'
235 j
2,180!
1,515',
I
6651
1,3621
I
32,036'
559|
1,619,
1,139,
6,538,
2,388'
1,058!
382!
4931
1,266
9,076
3.790J
942;
1,747
2,285,

6,794
3,251
2,036
472
508
235
2,178
1,512

6,786
3,246
2,037
466
507
236
2,177
1,509

6,791
3,246
2,036
462
511
237
2,175
1,506

6,791
3,245
2,033
459
513
240
2,172
1,502

666
1,365

668
1,363

669
1,370

670
1,374

I
31,004 31,129| 31,326' 31,497! 31.598J 31,765 31,918
32,138 32,231 32,414 32,497
528!
5371
5481
551
554,
564
571
561
530
5391
569
1,608; 1,608: 1,609! 1,6261 1,6271
1,602| 1,599
1,588
1,6091 1,594
1,596
1
1,138! 1,137, 1.129
1,133i 1,134!
1,135
1,130
1,149i 1,143
1.138J 1,138
6,244! 6,318i 6,341! 6,416| 6,488 i
6,0921 6,161
6,733
6,593! 6,626
6,770
2,230, 2,282' 2,286! 2,334j 2,375!
2,130
2,498
2,518
2,418! 2,425
2,173
1,017; 1,026! 1,0291 1,0411 1,045j
992
1,073
1,083
1,091
1,065
1,002
375i
377!
3801
3811
384
387
373
379
3821
388
375;
450:
465!
435
472
4741
502
530
482 j
515
533
4431
1,287! 1.278J
1,254
1,272
1,261
1,251
1,272
1,252, 1,271' 1,275'i 1,282
9,025! 9,0431
8,909
9,106
9,084
9,118
9,144
8,9221 8,959! 8,985: 8,998
3,787! 3,787
3,7911 3,7941 3,794
3,788
3,790
3,791
3,790
3,795
3,787
j
940 j
941
938!
941
949
937
942
945
946
950
939
!
!
1,730, 1,733
1,741 1,747
1,770
1,710
1,744
1,761
1,771
1,720
1,761
2,242! 2,267
2,313
2,300
2,324
2,175
2,162
2,296
2,190j 2,205J 2,224
i
i
l
!
79
80
79
801
78
77
79:
80!
79,
79;
80
78 i
2,0411 2,044' 2,047' 2,051
2,042
2,055 i 2,056 i 2,056: 2,062 i 2,064! 2,065 2,058
2,655
2,575; 2,580' 2,590; 2,597
2,560
2,603; 2,6201 2,6211 2,632i 2,635j 2,647
I
18,901 18,916 18,941 18,98V 19,014 19,018i 19,023' 19,087' 19,151 19,120 19,190 19,163
2,870
2,869
2,882
2,859
2,893
2,859! 2,858' 2,863
2,858
2,854
2,892
2,884
4,590
4,534 \ 4,533
4,539
4,492
4,568! 4,585! 4,593
4,511
4,520
4,586
4,581
1
1,880
1,824
1,8501 1,849
1,850
1.876
1,886! 1,890
1,838
1,846
1,878
1,875
2,710
2,668
2,692; 2,699i 2,703
2,684, 2,684
2,689
2,673
2,674
2,706
2,708
11,516 11,513 11,537 11,565 11,611 11,620 11,596, 11.644! 11,695 11,681 11,750 11,704
6,478! 6,536J 6,547
6,539
6,436| 6,445
6,461
6,404
6,410
6,392
6,532
6,531
5,129' 5,166
5,159
5,165
5,118! 5,108; 5,148
5,121
5,127
5,112
5,219
5,149

Includes other industries, not shown separately.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from

p

; May

1995
p

March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1993

1994

Industry
Mar. ! Apr.

Nov. ' Dec. i Jan. j Feb.

Total
Total private
Goods-producing

July

June

Aug.

Oct.

Sept.

i 53,843! 53,969| 53,9811 54.097J 54,246i 54,477 54,653; 54,808 54,887 55,066 55,205 55,281
| 43,616! 43,713| 43,730| 43,828! 43,959i 44,160 44,2801 44,464 44,573 44,689 44,788 44,869
i
i
!
'
■
■
'
6,576
j 6,482| 6,4801 6,475: 6,482| 6,490| 6,506 6,5151 6,530 6,527 6,558 6,561

Mining.

88

Construction .
Manufacturing

May

!

524 j
I
5,870|

891

87i

86;

87

86

86!

525!

526!

528

532

539

5,866;

5,862.

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment.
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,681 j 2,683 2,6851
117
117
116|
149
148'
149
1
102
102
103j
92
92!
931
294
294 j
2961
413
413|
413J
6431
642
6421
348 i
347
3481
3561
358
355.
169!
169
1691

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

3,189
542
14
318|
743 j
1671
672 !
336!
24;
308 i
65

Service-producing

5401
14|
318i
737|
1671
673
337
24
308
65

3,177;
538 !

86

86

85

539j

543|

544

547

553

555

!

i
5,898

5,925

5,922]

5,936

2,708
121
154
103
95
301
421
650
343
3491
349
350 j
171
168j
I
i
3,188i 3,190
3,181
3,185
5421
541
544
541
13
13
12!
12
1
317
318
317|
317
I
733
732
732!
729
i
164
165
165!
165
|
677
682|
683
678
332
3331
333
334J
24
25:
241
25
!
315
317
318
316
64
64!
64
64

2,728
122
153
103
96
303
426
656
351
347
171

2,731
122
154
103
97
303
426
657
351
347
171

2,740
124
155
104
97
305
426
659
352
346
172

3,197
544
13
318
732
164
686
332
25
320
63

3,191
538
12
316
732
164
685
331
26
323
64

3,196
541

48,360

48,508

48,644

48,705

1,713

1,720

1,718

1,723

1,853

1,862

1,870

10,755

10,766

10,797

1,872 j
i

4,295

4,291

4,280

19,430

19,492

19,562

10,314
1,190
2,282
6,842

10,377
1,193
2,289
6,895

10,417!
10,412
1,196
1,194
2,299
2,298
6,922

5,871

5,881

2,688
118
150
103
93
296
414!
644i
349!
354;
167|

2,691
117
150
103
94
297
416
645
349
353
167

2,700
2,7051
119
119i
150
151'
104
103!
93
95|
298
299:
418]
420;
649 j
6491
348 j
3481
352!
352!
169!
1€

3,180
541
13
319
319,
732
7331
166
167i
674
673!
334
335 j
24!
24
312i
310!
65 i
651

3,180
543
13
319
732
165
676'
332!
24;
3121
641

5,890

5,901,
2,713;
120]
152!
102!
95|
3011
424
6521

47,506J 47,615l 47,756J 47,9711 48.138J 48,278
I
I
1,701 j 1,697!! 1,698
1,700
1,709' 1,708
1,825! 1,83H 1,834
1,846
1,839
1,85o] 1,852
1
!
10.512 10,513 10,533 10,5541 10,601
10,635| 10,6911
I
4,285j 4,281 j 4,284 4,288! 4,293
I
!
4,291 i 4,299!
18,910i 18,933 18,997 19,088j 19,215
!
!
19,2801I19,384 j
l
10,256 10,251 10,269 10.287J 10,317 10,373 10,344
1,2031 1,205
1,210
1,198
1,192
1,203 j 1,203
2,259 2,246 j 2,259 2,267 j 2,273 2,277 2,258
6,898
6,787
6,894

47,489

47,361

85

5,868

I

3,183!

86

12
317
730
165
688
331
25
324
63

I

Transportation and public utilities .

1,705

Wholesale trade

1,824

Retail trade

10,484!
4,278:

Finance, insurance, and real estate

'
]
,
|

18,843i
I
10,227}
1,204J
2,255!
6,768]

i

I

Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,




!

10,8151
4,276 j
I 19,607

6,920

all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are subject to revision.

49

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally
adjusted
(In thousands)
1994

1995

Industry
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

! June ' July

Aug.

Sept. | Oct.

!

Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction

\ 16,408; 16,430! 16,507
i

433!

432!

1

'

I

!

3,655!

3,657!

Service-producing

■

Services .

431

3,719

3,796;

3,796'

3,814




3,828!

433j

434:

433

3,818!

3,840:

3,842

3,902! 3,907

12,478! 12,485! 12,527

12,575! 12,615

12,391. 12,392' 12,429

12,431

7,021'

1,115
667
424
267

1,197
991.
1,117
672,
423
268

5,466
1,229;

5,467
1,224

5,462
1,222.

5,463:
1,219i

5,462
1,221

5,464:
1,217,

31
574
801
517
837
573
95
717
92

31
572
801
518
838
574
96
720
93

31
571
801
518
835
573!
96.
724;
91

30:
571.
800;
518;
839;
574!
96;
725;
91

j 59,180; 59,353| 59,622

59,872

I

6,881.
597'
389!
402'
521;
1801
1,000;
1,185'
980 i
1,1161
669!
425'
266'

5,451 5,460'
1,221- 1,226.
31
30
573
572 i
799
800 i
518
518'
836
835
575
575
95
715
93

96
710
93

|
j

6,892
597
391
404
521
179
1,004
1,187
982

6,924.'
600'

390
409'
520:
175'
1,009

4,855;

'

:

4,832!

4,842;

■

4,870

4,816

4,932!

4,936

27,0441 27,155

4,897

4,864

17,527! 17,565; 17,632, 17,714
,

5,471
1,221'

29
569
797
518:
841,
573!
96;
728'
90

31
570^
800;
518
843
570'
97
730
91

'

4,899!

'

4,899.

!

4,902!

■

4,853

4,943.

7,054
609
394
394 i
411
4091
533 j
538
178'
179
1,026! 1,035
1,221 j 1,226
1,012! 1,011
1,136! 1,146
697'
706
415!
413
269'
271

6061

30
567
800
516
842
573
96
733
90

5,473
1,215
30
569
801
518
844
574
97
736
89

60,075' 60,354, 60,544' 60,710, 60.866J 60,991

!

4,845>

428

430

i

4,867

:

4,883,

4,882

4,911;

17,737: 17,836! 17,933

4,949

4,945

4,955i

p

7,094!
614 I
397!
414|
541|
180|
1,042!
1,230'
1,019!
1,151'
709!
414'
272,

7,124
616
398
415
544
180
1,049
1,233
1,029
1,154
712
415
271

5,481
1,225
29
571
793
520
843
574
97
740
89

5,491
1,226
30
570
791
519
847
576
96
745
91

61,276 61.4351 61,510

I

4,906.

4,911

4,923

4,955!

4,963

4,921-

4,927

4,938

4,956!

4,972

'

17,947! 17,996. 18,044

4,952

27,324' 27,529' 27,629; 27,781, 27,878

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.

50

430

6,969 7,007
604:
606
394
395
410
410:
529
528,
177
178'
1,021! 1,026
1,209: 1,216
997 1,007
1,117, 1,132
693
675!
417
415
271:
272

Retail trade .
Finance, insurance, and real estate

427 !

16,729 16,759i 16,802 16,907! 16,950

6,930! 6,966|
601.
603i
392;
393!
408,
409'
526
521
175!
177!
1,012' 1,020
1,200! 1,207,
990'
998
1,118' 1,124;
669I
677.
421.
418'
267
268

6,869'
597!
389!
4021
519'
181
998
1,179
976
1,117
670
425
267

i

Wholesale trade

428,

16,689

i

i

Transportation and public utilities

16,615! 16,615! 16,674

430

I 12,320! 12,341! 12,358

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment.
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products .
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

!

: 75.5881 75,783 76,129. 76,487' 76,690l 77,028; 77,233 77,439 77,6251 77,793 78,183: 78,385
i
;

l

Manufacturing

Jan."

Nov. ; Dec.

4,953
!

27,997

4,946;

4,937

28,097' 28,172

18,151 j 18,192
4,940

18,225

i

:

!

4,935:

28,324! 28,397

4,943
28,407

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
DIFFUSION INDEXES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Jan.

Time span

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

,

June

■

July

Aug.

Sept.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries'
Over 1-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

39.6
42.1
57.9
56.6
60.5

39.6 ■
46.1
61.7 .
58.3

38.5
48.3
49.0
62.9

Over 3-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

34.3
39.7
64.0
62.1

32.0
42.3
61.4
64.5

31.6
51.0
59.7
65.2

Over 6-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

30.2
43.5
61.4
67.0

32.4
46.3
60.8
65.9

31.0
47.2
60.0
64.2

31.0
42.3
61.1
65.7

Over 12-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

'

p

'

!

'

31.2
47.2
59.0
68.8

:

:

:

31.7 ■
42.7 :
60.7 '
66.0 .

48.5
53.1
57.0
56.3

38.2
57.7
56.0
62.5

38.2
56.2
55.8
65.0

33.7
52.0
59.8
66.0

45.4
50.4
51.1
63.2

48.3
52.8
58.8
59.3

52.0
46.5
50.0
59.8

44.2
54.1
57.7
64.6

49.4
50.4
54.6
66.7

48.9
53.4 ■
56.7
56.9

46.8 '
56 9 !
57.4 ■
59.8 '

46.5
52.5
61.0
64.6

50.7
49.9
55.9 ,
64.0 ■

50.8
51.7
55.8
65.4

,
;

44.9
56.2
62.4
65.3

.
I
'
;

43.7
58.6
61.5
68.8

j

!
.
.

47.8
55.8
59.7
" 67.7

'
"
|
;

44.5
56.3
60.8
" 69.5

i
;
:
■

41.4
64.2
62.8

■
'

40.0
59.7
63.5

.
.

45.2
60.4
62.8

=
,

45.6
60.1
63.1

;
,
i

39.3
57.6
54.9
65.4

.
.

39.2 ■
54.2
54.4
67.8

44.7 '
56.6
54.5 ,
66.3 ■

46.5
52.8
57.9
68.1

45.6
53.1
58.8
70.1

3t7
48.0
63.2
68.1

33.8
52.5
62.1
68.4

35.8
55.8
62.4 ■
69.8

37.5
60.7
60.8

31.9
44.1
62.2
66.4 ■

'
.

,

p

,J

:

:

p

p

!

;

p

46.1
57.3
57.4
59.4

40.9
59.8
60.8
69.0

39.9
62.2
63.6

;

'
'

45.4
60.7
63.5

Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries'
Over 1-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

.7

35.6 .
40.6 ■
57.6
53.6

31.3
45.0
47.8 '
51.1 ■

37.4
57.9
41.7
56.1

45.7
47.8
46.0
50.0

43.5
50.0
40.3
58.6

46.4
53.2
49.3
52.9

24.5
30.9
60.1
56.1

21.9
36.3
58.3
57.6

20.5
45.3
51.4
56.5

32.7
50.7 i
40.6 ■
53.2 :

36.3
55.4 :
37.1 ■
57.2 '

39.6
53.6 ■
43.5
55.8

47.1
47.1
40.3
61.5

Over 6-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

15.8
34.2
54.0
58.3

20.9
37.1
51.8
56.1

21.2
41.0
48.6
59.4

26.3
46.6
47.1
54.3

34.9 ■
52.2
37.1
58.3

39.2
54.7
34.2
56.8

42.1
46.4
39.6
60.1

40.3
49.3
45.7
62.6

Ower 12-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

16.5
42.4
50.0
50.7

16.2
36.7
52.5
54.3

17.3
36.3
48.6
54.0

18.0
36.0
49.3
56.8 ■

20.9
39.6
50.7 ■
59 0 ;

24.1
45.7
48.9
59.7

26.3
50.0
50.0
62.2

30.6 i
55.8 :
48.9 ■

Over 3-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

38,.1
.5
.3

.

41.7

■

42.8
56.8

,
;

'
"

47.8
47.8
50.0
60.8

48.2
42.4 ,
43.2 ■
60.4 ■'

39.9
50.0
52.9
60.1

40.3 '
50.4 ;
47.8 .
P61.2 ■

37.1

■

48.9
50.4
64.0

!
i
'

38.1
55.4
50.7

'
■

42.8
49.3
46.8
48.9

|
.
|

41.4
52.5
55.4
60.1

39.6
51.8
51.1
P 60.8

36.7
51.1
54.7
'■ 67.3

33.5
55.0
56.1
p
64.7

!

' 56.5

'

:

■

' Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and
unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span.
p
- preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus
one half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent




49.3

15

'

p

:

46.0 ■
47.1
41.0 '
55.0 "

32.7
57.9
50.0

.

p

'
:

32.4
57.9
54.3

.

32.7
56.8
55.8

38.8 i
52.9 ■
51.4 !

37.4
52.9
51.4

indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data (beginning April 1993) and all seasonally
adjusted data (beginning January 1990) are subject to revision.

51

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1993
i

Dec.

T

Feb.

I

Mar.

T

Apr.

May

T

—1~
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia .
Florida
Georgia

r

June
Total

1.722.21 1,722.7
255.4
255.0
1,597.7
1,593.7
1,000.3
996.1
11,940.3 11,947.6
1,690.5
1,692.5
1,532.2
1,522.6
350.0
350.8
667.0
665.8
5,668.3
5,657.8
3,176.8
3,170.9

1,726.4T
1,730.2
258.21
258.3
1,604.6]
1,615.6
1,003.01 1,005.8
11.957.5i 11,955.2
1,700.21 1,701.6
1,530.4'
1,525.8
350.6
349.6
665.0
664.2
5,701.5
5,685.3
3,201.2
3,214.0

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

1

1,734.7
256.7
1,623.9
1,006.4
11,955.2
1,706.3
1,530.2
354.5
663.5
5,730.5
3,224.1

1,732.5
256.0
1,626.8
1,012.2
11,953.2
1,707.1
1,533.6
356.9
663.4
5,738.9
3,233.4

1,742.0
257.3
1,638.4
1,016.1
11,946.4
1,712.8
1,530.7
358.9
661.3
5,760.3
3,248.5

1,727.9"!
257.1
1,645.5
1,023.7
11,960.1
1,722.5
1,534.3
356.5
663.3
5,776.6
3,244.2

1,732.9
258.7
1,653.4
1,030.0
11,968.8
1,724.6
1,535.4
360.5
662.6
5,793.0
3,261.9

1,740.8
259.2
1,661.2
1,031.7
11,956.8
1,727.5
1,536.2
360.0
664.7
5,830.3
3,278.9

1,742.2
257.7
1,657.7
1,036.2
11,946.0
1,731.4
1,536.2
359.6
668.6
5,844.4
3,289.6

1,758.4
256.7
1,668.1
1,042.0
11,959.8
1,735.8
1,535.6
359.6
666.4
5,904.5
3,315.4

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas ....
Kentucky .
Louisiana .
Maine
Maryland .

536.5
448.4
5,374.0
2,612.2
1,293.4
1,149.7
1,539.6
1,647.9
521.6
2,111.0

534.0
451.2
5,352.0
2,613.5
1,293.1
1,150.5
1,529.2
1,642.1
517.7
2,111.4

533.4
453.1
5,372.9
2,616.0
1,293.8
1,150.6
1,539.2
1,651.9
520.9
2,102.8

533.0
456.6
5,375.2
2,634.2
1,297.7
1,153.1
1,547.2
1,663.5
520.8
2,106.3

533.3
458.9
5,376.8
2,635.9
1,303.3
1,147.1
1,550.5
1,673.8
524.0
2,115.6

530.0
460.3
5,397.8
2,634.5
1,307.8
1,156.0
1,552.8
1,680.1
527.7
2,116.6

532.1
461.4
5,408.4
2.633.0
1,315.3
1,165.9
1,559.9
1,684.0
527.2
2,115.9

530.9
463.4
5,411.6
2,637.5
1,311.2
1,158.2
1,565.5
1,685.3
530.2
2,113.6

531.2
463.5
5,418.5
2,638.0
1,312.4
1,161.4
1,569.1
1,695.4
530.4
2,115.3

533.4
464.0
5,423.3
2,651.3
1,314.1
1,163.6
1,582.7
1,706.8
529.4
2,123.0

532.7
464.0
5,439.3
2,651.1
1,316.1
1,165.3
1,588.3
1,715.1
530.7
2,127.4

534.5
467.1
5,452.3
2,663.3
1,323.3
1,176.0
1,594.0
1,719.1
530.7
2,125.3

Massachusetts ..
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire.
New Jersey

2,868.4
4,014.7
2,272.7
1,009.9
2,430.9
331.0
768.9
696.5
504.6
3,516.9

2,891.7
4,028.4
2,283.3
1,013.6
2,421.8
331.2
770.2
697.9
508.8
3,521.3

2,892.4
4,044.0
2,288.7
1,016.4
2,430.9
332.0
766.9
702.9
512.5
3,510.6

2,897.7
4,067.2
2,293.0
1,023.0
2,436.8
332.3
767.0
706.1
514.3
3,519.0

2,917.2
4,076.6
2,298.8
1,025.0
2,456.3
331.4
769.2
709.5
514.0
3,539.5

2,922.2
4,084.1
2,296.3
1,030.4
2,463.8
333.5
772.4
711.1
512.2
3,546.7

2,927.0
4,101.7
2,301.5
1,035.9
2,471.8
334.2
774.0
709.8
513.3
3,552.3

2,934.7
4,099.0
2,301.5
1,040.7
2,474.7
335.2
782.7
711.3
518.0
3,558.8

2,942.2
4,107.8
2,304.1
1,046.2
2,479.5
338.6
785.9
715.1
514.0
3,565.1

2,942.4
4,128.3
2,307.4
1,033.6
2,483.1
337.9
784.9
718.2
515.2
3,564.0

2,943.5
4,138.8
2,316.3
1,032.1
2,491.9
338.0
788.0
718.5
515.2
3,574.5

2,940.2
4,155.3
2,327.2
1,033.5
2,497.7
339.9
795.8
724.1
517.8
3,575.9

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina ..
North Dakota ....
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island ...
South Carolina.

631.4
7,764.7
3.294.4
287.6
4,923.9
1,241.3
1,329.3
5,138.4
432.0
1,583.8

638.8
7,775.7
3,293.5
287.4
4,929.7
1,249.0
1,331.2
5,109.8
430.7
1,589.8

639.8
7,779.1
3,295.9
288.8
4,940.7
1,247.6
1,332.4
5,114.6
430.6
1,593.1

641.8
7,793.5
3,317.3
291.1
4,942.1
1,247.9
1,336.5
5,134.5
430.5
1,591.7

649.7
7,796.4
3,319.3
291.2
4,940.5
1,256.1
1,338.6
5,149.2
432.3
1,591.8

651.6
7,812.4
3,328.6
291.2
4,950.5
1,259.4
1,343.9
5,171.3
434.4
1,593.7

656.1
7,812.7
3,335.7
290.9
4,953.5
1,264.6
1,347.7
5,183.8
438.4
1,595.6

657.9
7,839.5
3,334.6
292.3
4,951.9
1,268.0
1,352.7
5,172.2
436.3
1,596.3

659.2
7,836.4
3,345.9
294.3
4,954.9
1,265.6
1,358.6
5,180.7
438.4
1,594.5

659.5
7,831.1
3,348.7
294.4
4,963.1
1,274.2
1,361.9
5,194.0
436.0
1,595.6

662.8
7,829.0
3,359.6
294.8
4,977.6
1,275.2
1,368.4
5,199.8
434.8
1,593.8

668.4
7,825.0
3,365.3
295.9
4,984.3
1,281.9
1.378.0
5,204.5
435.5
1,607.1

South Dakota .
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia .
Wisconsin
Wyoming

318.6
2,365.5
7,594.4
831.7
256.8
2,960.2
2,269.1
666.9
2,431.4
212.3

323.2
2,362.1
7,569.3
839.9
256.4
2,959.4
2,270.1
663.2
2,429.3
213.3

324.4
2,370.6
7,601.9
842.9
258.4
2,968.1
2,275.1
665.1
2,431.0
213.3

325.5
2,372.1
7,622.9
847.1
258.9
2,988.2
2,277.7
665.6
2,441.8
212.0

326.4
2,377.3
7.660.2
848.7
260.4
2,995.7
2,275.4
667.7
2,443.6
212.0

327.4
2,387.6
7.675.6
850.5
258.8
3,001.8
2,281.1
677.4
2,445.8
211.9

330.1
2,393.0
7,705.5
854.5
259.1
3,004.3
2,293.2
671.0
2,459.1
212.4

331.6
2,394.6
7,744.6
859.1
258.4
3,013.6
2,293.7
671.3
2,470.1
211.8

332.3
2,398.5
7,788.0
868.8
259.8
3,024.7
2,298.2
678.9
2,473.2
213.6

333.4
2,407.0
7,791.0
872.2
260.1
3,036.9
2,306.9
680.9
2,479.2
212.8

335.1
2,435.8
7,808.2
878.3
262.2
3,044.6
2,316.1
693.4
2,494.0
214.6

See footnotes at end of table.

52




!
|

332.2
2.395.1
7.777.2
864.2
257.9
3,016.3
2,297.2
676.0
2,470.0
213.2

1
1
1
11
1
1

5
3

5
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
4
2
1
2

3

7
3
4
1
1
5
1

2
7
3
2
2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1993
State
Dec.

I

Jan.

Apr.

May

Aug.

July

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Construction
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

78.6
11.9
95.4
37.1
447.1
86.7
47.3
18.3
8.6
294.2
133.0

78.9
12.4
98.1
37.8
446.4
87.0
47.9
17.9
8.2
295.1
135.7

78.2
13.1
101.0
38.5
450.3
85.0
49.1
17.4
8.1
295.2
132.8

78.4
13.0
101.9
39.4
451.6
84.3
47.9
17.3
8.4
296.5
136.2

79.4
12.9
103.2
38.8
452.4
83.6
46.9
17.7
8.3
300.1
138.1

79.9
13.0
102.8
39.6
451.9
834
46.2
18.3
8.5
300.5
138.0

80.5
12.5
103.5
40.2
452.2
84.6
45.9
19.1
8.8
300.1
138.5

80.4
12.5
103.0
40.2
453.6
85.2
46.8
19.1
8.8
304.0
134.7

80.0
12.7
104.0
40.6
452.4
85.9
45.8
18.9
8.7
304.9
139.5

80.7
12.5
104.1
41.4
453.8!
86.6
46.3
19.0
8.9
307.0
142.2

79.3
12.5
105.2
42.2
456.2
87.4
46.1
19.3
8.8
307.0
140.2

80.2
13.1
106.3
43.1
455.7
89.4
46.7
19.5
8.8
309.2
146.3

80.6
12.9
107.4
43.1
456.4
90.1
48.0
19.3
8.8
309.9
146.3

Hawaii2
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

31.0
25.7
201.7
119.7
50.5
48.9
70.5
98.1
21.7
121.6

30.7
27.3
196.2
116.8
49.4
48.5
66.3
96.9
21.5
118.9

30.3
27.2
197.1
118.2
49.3
47.0
67.2
98.7
21.6
117.8

29.7
28.0
201.1
122.3
50.4
47.9
69.1
101.4
21.5
117.3

30.0
27.7
199.1
121.6
50.7
48.5
70.2
102.6
21.5
118.0

29.3
28.5
202.3
123.6
51.2
49.4
70.9
103.9
22.1
118.0

28.9
29.0
202.8
121.9
50.3
50.7]
69.3 j
105.6
21.5!
119.2J

29.0
29.4
202.0
123.5
49.8
52.4
70.2
104.9
21.6
119.7

29.6
29.2
203.0
123.4
49.5
52.2
69.8
105.0
21.9
120.3

29.7
29.3
205.0
124.7
49.6
52.21
70.81
107.11
22.1
121.3!

29.6
29.0
206.3
124.4
49.4
52.5
71.4
108.4
22.61
122.4

29.5
29.4
208.3
125.1
51.4
53.0
71.7
108.2
22.4
123.4

29.0
29.1
203.2
124.3
50.4
51.8
70.9
109.0
22.6
124.2

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

85.2
133.9
81.8
41.7
99.7
14.2
32.6
47.1
17.6
118.2

86.0
132.7
82.2
41.1
99.4
14.6
32.5
48.1
18.1
116.4

85.2
134.2
82.4
39.8
100.9
14.4
31.0
48.0
18.3
114.5

84.3
138.21
82.61
40.7 j
101.0
14.1
31.8
48.8 J
18.3
116.3

88.5!
137.0!
41.5
IO2.9!
14.0|
32.3
48.7
18.0
120.6

89.0
136.8
81.9
42.5
104.8
14.3
33.2
48.4
17.6
121.8

88.3
138.8
81.3
41.9
105.5
14.5
33.4
48.4
17.1
122.3

142.3
80.5
41.4
107.4
14.8
32.9
49.4
17.1
123.7

87.1
139.7
80.4
41.9
107.6
14.7
32.9
49.3
16.6
123.8

86.5
142.1
80.4
40.6
108.6
14.8
33.2
48.7
17.0
122.5

86.3
144.9
80.9
40.8
106.5
14.8
33.1
48.6
17.3
124.2

86.5
146.7
81.7
41.2
105.8
14.9
33.9
48.9
18.2
125.0

86.9
147.1
81.9
41.6
106.2
14.6
32.6
49.3
18.9
124.2

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

38.2
240.3
157.4
12.2
185.5
42.3
56.1
200.3
11.2
81.8

38.4
244.0
159.0
12.4
183.1
43.6
57.9
194.7
10.7
81.9

37.8
242.4
158.1
12.5
184.1
42.5
56.6
194.8
10.4
81.4

38.3
244.1
160.6
13.3
182.9
41.9
57.9
194.7
10.3
81.9

39.0
245.8
161.5
13.5
182.8,
43.1
57.61
200.9!
10.61
83.0

39.6
244.9
163.0
12.9
183.5
43.8
59.2
202.1
11.6
82.5

40.7
248.0
164.1
13.0
183.5
45.4
60.6
203.3
12.5
81.6

41.7
251.0
163.9
13.01
182.4 j
46.21
60.8 j
202.8 j
13.1|
82.1 i

42.3
252.3
164.0
12.9
181.9
47.2
61.8
203.1
12.4
81.3

42.5
255.0
164.8
12.7
182.6
47.8
63.7
202.1
11.6
81.5J

43.0
257.8
164.8
12.8
184.2
48.4
64.5
201.7
11.8
80.9

43.8
258.3
165.7
13.1
187.0
49.2
64.3
205.1
11.9
81.5

44.2
256.9
166.4
13.2
188.6
49.5
65.2
207.4
12.1
81.8

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

13.2
98.2
356.5
43.1
11.1
156.5
120.9
33.9
95.2
12.6

13.11
97.1
358.5
43.6!

13.3
96.1
361.1 j
44.5
11.0
156.0)
121.8
32.21
91.0J
12.5

13.8
95.9
364.8
45.3
10.8
158.2
123.0J
32.9
93.9
12.7

13.9
95.7
366.0
46.1
10.8
159.1
121.9
33.8
96.8!
12.8!

14.0
96.8
365.9
46.8)
11.0|
159.5]
123.9
34.2
98.41
13.1|

13.7
96.9
370.5
48.0
11.21
159.4
125.91
34.6
100.6
12.4

13.8
96.6
373.0
49.4
11.1
159.9
127.0
35.4
101.1
12.6

14.3
96.7
374.4
49.2
11.0
160.4
126.8
35.4
101.3
12.4

13.7
97.8
379.6
48.9
11.6
161.5
126.8
35.6
103.7
12.4

13.8
99.2
380.7
49.5|
11.5
162.5
127.5]
35.2
105.3
12.4

13.7
101.5J
384.3!
49.91
11.81
162.8'
125.8
36.6
104.7
12.7

13.8
102.2
388.2
50.3
11.5
164.7
125.1
37.2
103.9
13.0

10.91
156.6J
122.0J
31.8
92.4
12.6

82.11

!

See footnotes at end of table.




53

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1993

1994

State
Dec.

Jan.

381.8
16.5
174.7
245.6
1,766.1
188.8
287.9
64.21
14.0
482.7
558.8

380.71
15.4 j
176.2i
247.31
1,766.21
188.71
287.2 i

Apr.

May

383.1
16.0
177.9
248.3
1,760.8
190.3
284.7
63.7
14.2
482.8
566.4

384.0
14.5!
178.3|
249.0!
1,754.8
191.0
286.2
63.4
14.1
482.8
567.3
I

June

j

July

Aug.

Sept.

381.9
16.3;
182.3]
252.3
1,755.5
190.7
284.3
60.7
14.0
484.3
565.5

385.0
16.4
183.1
253.9
1,753.1
190.1
284.4
63.8
14.1
483.4
572.7

385.7
17.4
183.1
256.0
1,750.5
190.8
282.5
63.6
14.2
484.9
571.1

Nov.

I

Dec.p

Manufacturing
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia .
Florida
Georgia

382.9,
17.5!
176.41
246.9!
1,761.1 i
188.8;
285.91
63.7]
14.1'
481.4;
565.7.

18.0
71.4
941.3
647.8
241.1
182.0
293.2
186.4
92.4
177.5]

18.1
72.7!
941.5
647.2!
242.1;
182.2i
294.1i
187.2!
92.7!
177.0!

J
17.9:
72.8!
940.0!
649.7;
242.41
182.1,
295.2'■
187.8!
92.5J
177.3'

64.41

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas ....
Kentucky .
Louisiana .
Maine
Maryland .

940.2 i
642.0!
238.4>
181.2]
292.8;
186.71
91.81
177.7;

17.8]
71.11
942.1!
644.11
240.4!
181.9]
293.31
186.3i
91.2]
177.8i

Massachusetts ...
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire .
New Jersey

446.1!
911.4J
408.3!
255.5!
412.8:
22.71
104.01
30.5:
97.11
512.6'

445.7;
931.2 i
410.61
256.3 j
411.4'
22.9 i
103.9!
30.6]
97.1i
514.9,

445.5 i
929.8 j
410.5)
257.11
412.1!
23.0!
104.2!
97.9;
511.0;

445.5;
934.2 i
410.2!
258.0!
412.4;
23.0:
104.0!
31.0,
98.1'
509.7'

43.4'
971.4!
847.9!
19.7!
1,047.4!
169.7i
214.11
935.7!
86.4;
371.8!

43.4!
965.5,
847.7!
19.8!
1,050.3]
170.11
214.8]
936.11
86.7
371.7

43.6:
965.0!
847.6|
20.1 i
1,052.91
168.51
216.1]
935.4]
86.7;
374.4:
41.9!
537.6]
995.8:
114.2'
43.2
403.3
333.9
81.3
566.5
9.8

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina ..
North Dakota ...
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania....
Rhode Island ...
South Carolina.
South Dakota ..
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia ...
Wisconsin
Wyoming
See footnotes at end of table.

54




18.7

14.1i
480.7|
559.7;

381.6J
18.4]
176.4!
247.0[
1,761.1 i
188.9!
285.1!
63.6]
14.21
480.6!
565.6 j

70.81

41.31

534.41
997.01
111.6!
43.6 j
405.21
335.2 j
82.61
563.2;
9.4i

41.8
534.8
994.5
114.2
43.2
406.4
335.6
81.5
566.0

30.81

17.81
72.2J

384.4 j
16.1)
181.21
250.7]
1,752.3
191.0
285.5
63.3
14.0
483.2
568.7

17.4

387.0
16.9
182.7
257.0
1,743.9
191.9
282.2
63.8
14.2
484.7
572.9

387.5 j
15.4]
183.61
257.7!
1.742.9J
192.9|
281.5!
63.0 i
14.2]
485.1'
574.4!

17.4!
73.2]
929.0!
652.1
244.1
181.0
300.4
186.7
91.6
176.9!

17.4
71.4
930.2
652.3
244.7
182.8
301.8
187.5
91.9
176.6

449.2 J
943.61
416.61
260.6!
414.2!
22.5!
105.81
31.81
98.4 i
510.01

446.5
945.0
417.4
259.0
414.8
22.7
105.5
31.9
97.8
507.2

44.6!
44.2
955.4 j
954.91
854.0]
850.01
21.1|
21.1i
1,054.6!
1,056.7!
170.2!
170.7:
218.01 .
218.8 1
936.9]
937.8!
86.4 [
83.5]
371.2]
372.0,

45.41
952.4;
852.7!
21.3]
1,058.2]
169.01
216.4!
937.2 i
86.4 i
370.4]

45.4
947.7
852.5
21.5
1,056.4
170.1
216.8
934.1
86.0
371.0

44.8
946.6
854.3
21.4
1,065.3
170.4
217.9
938.2 j
85.6!
371.2

43.9;
540.8:
1,000.2]
115.2!
43.2
404.1
332.9
81.0!
574.8
9.9

44.5 i
539.3!
1,000.7;
115.4:
43.2!
401.8'
333.6!
81.4!
573.2'
9.8

44.8
539.0
1,003.5
117.01
43.5!
403.1 i
333.0]
81.61
572.6J

44.6
539.01
1,004.2)
118.1
43.5
405.4
333.8
82.2
576.5
9.9

939.0 i
650.0]
243.5I
182.6:
296.11
186.7,
92.8
177.2

17.7
72.7
939.0
649.5
244.5
182.3
297.6
186.0
92.7
176.4

446.8
935.6:
410.5'
256.7 :
412.3!
22.6
104.1
31.6 ;
98.1!
510.4'

447.3!
930.5]
411.4!
257.8 j
410.4!
22.6
104.0
31.81
98.1!
509.7;

448.1
940.7
413.7
259.0
409.8
22.6
104.5
31.8
98.3
507.8

43.4'
961.8;
851.9]
20.5!
1,053.0 i
169.1 j
216.5;
936.8]
86.5,
372.3;

44.0;
960.0!
851.1
20.91,052.5
169.2 :
216.6
934.3
86.5
371.7

43.8 j
958.3:
850.4!
20.9!
1,052.6]
169.41
215.8!
936.0'
86.3'
370.8

42.4!
537.5:
997.6'
115.0'
43.1
401.9
333.8'
81.3
567.9'
9.9

42.4
539.0
1,000.1
115.2,
42.8'
399.6
332.5
81.4
568.2'

42.5
537.9
1,000.5
115.4
42.7
401.6
331.8
81.4
568.5
9.9

43.2]
540.6'
1,000.6!
115.0 1
42.8;
400.7'
332.6;
81.1;
572.9,
9.9!

72.71
930.51
652.3]
245.0
180.5
299.1
186.3
92.4;
176.5,
450.3 i
938.5]
414.21
260.5'
408.0!
22.5]
105.6!

31.9J
99.7i
507.2|

i

17.2
72.4
932.7
652.1
244 6
182.5
302.9]
188.3]
92.0!
176.6!
i
444.6 i

951.71
417.8]
259.6]
417.01
22.8]
106.1
32.1
98.1
507.1

I

387.8
14.7
183.6
258.3
1,744.5
192.9
280.8
62.6
14.2
486.6
576.3

17.1
72.2
933.4
658.2
245.5
184.2
304.8
188.3
92.0
176.1

17.0
72.4
934.5
660.3
245.9
184.6
305.3
188.3
92.5
176.3

444.1 i
952.8!
421.0i
259.6 i
417.5
23.0
108.1
31.9
98.6
505.9

444.0
952.9
419.9
259.4
417.1
23.2
108.6
31.9
98.5
502.4

45.0
944.2
854.3
21.6
1,067.8
1706
219.7
938.8
85.6
371.1

45.4
941.8
856.9
21.7
1,071.5
170.8
221.4
939.9
85.4
370.2

45.1
539.6
1,005.6
118.8
43.6
405.9
335.7
82.2
580.8
9.8 i

45.5
541.4
1,008.2
119.1
43.5
406.7
335.0
83.0
582.6

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)

State
Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

June

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec. p

Transportation and public utilities

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia .
Florida
Georgia

85.2
22.9
76.6
57.1
597.9
104.9
69.3
14.9
20.8
289.9
202.9

85.0
23.0
78.6
56.3
600.1
104.2
69.2
14.8
20.8
283.7
203.6

84.9
23.2
78.6
56.4
599.3
105.1
69.3
15.1
20.7
285.0
205.4

85.1
23.4
78.5
56.6
598.9
105.0
68.4
14.9
20.8
286.4
206.2

85.2
23.1
78.7
56.1
591.8
103.1
69.5
15.0
20.9
286.4
203.5

85.0
23.4
79.3
56.8
594.3
103.5
68.9
15.2
21.2
288.1
207.7

85.1
23.1
79.4
57.0
593.7
103.2
68.9
15.2
21.2
286.9
208.1

84.8 '
23.1
78.9
57.6
594.5
104.5
69.0
14.9
21.1
285.9
207.9

84.8
23.1
79.0
58.1
593.6
104.7
68.7
15.3
21.0
286.9
208.0

85.3"
23.1
78.9
58.1
593.6
104.5
68.0
15.1
20.7
287.4
205.6

84.9
23.0
78.4
58.4
591.6
103.8
68.0
15.4
20.7
288.1
205.9

85.4
23.0
78.2
58.7
590.3
103.8
68.2
15.5
21.0
289.0
205.7

85.3
23.3
78.5
59.7
590.2
104.0
68.5
15.4
20.8
293.0
204.5

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas ....
Kentucky .
Louisiana .
Maine
Maryland .

39.8
21.4
313.8
135.0
56.9
67.7
82.5
106.3
21.9
98.1

39.9
21.1
312.1
135.3
56.8
68.0
81.8
105.7
21.4
98.9

39.8
21.0
313.2
135.3
56.9
68.3
82.9
106.1
21.5
97.7

40.1
21.1
312.6
135.7
57.2
68.1
82.9
106.6
21.3
97.3

40.3
21.3
306.1
132.9
57.3
68.2
83.1
106.6
20.9
97.0

40.1
21.4
311.3
135.8
57.4
68.7
83.7
107.2
21.0
97.6

39.8
21.4
312.5
136.2
57.7
69.1
84.2
107.3
21.5
97.1

39.9
21.5
312.7
136.6
57.6
69.2
84.8
107.9
21.7
96.2

39.8
21.0
311.8
136.8
57.4
69.2
84.8
108.1
21.2
96.4

39.7
21.4
314.2
136.7
57.9
69.4
84.5
108.4
21.2
95.5

39.3
21.4
314.8
136.4
58.5
70.0
85.1
109.5
21.1
95.5

39.3
21.5
317.1
136.1
58.7
70.0
85.6
110.0
21.1
95.4

39.3
21.6
317.4
134.0
58.3
70.0
85.2
110.4
21.5
95.1

Massachusetts ..
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire .
New Jersey

125.3
156.4
110.1
45.2
154.7
20.4
47.4
35.9
18.0
235.1

126.7
158.8
110.0
44.6
154.5
20.0
47.2
36.0
18.1
237.7

127.3
158.8
110.2
44.7
154.6
20.2
47.4
36.0
18.2
238.0

127.9
159.1
109.9
44.9
154.8
20.2
47.8
36.3
18.2
238.7

127.0
154.1
108.5
43.7
151.7
20.2
47.0
36.4
17.9
236.9

127.5
160.5
109.3
45.2
155.0
20.4
47.2
36.5
18.2
238.7

127.4
160.0
109.4
46.2
154.7
20.4
47.2
36.7
18.3
238.5

127.7
158.9
110.0
45.9
154.4
20.4
47.5
36.6
18.4
238.2

127.1
158.8
109.2
46.2
153.9
20.5
47.9
37.0
18.0
238.8

126.6
159.6
110.5
45.4
153.5
20.7
48.4
37.1
17.9
238.8

127.1
160.2
110.7
45.1
153.8
20.7
48.3
37.4
18.0
239.0

125.8
160.5
111.5
46.0
154.1
20.8
48.5
37.6
18.0
239.6

125.8
160.4
111.9
44.7
154.4
20.8
49.3
37.5
17.8
238.9

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina .
North Dakota ...
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania....
Rhode Island ...
South Carolina.

28.9
402.4
156.7
18.2
212.7
70.9
66.4
268.9
14.7
66.7

29.4
404.2
155.8
18.3
212.5
71.3
66.0
269.2
14.5
66.2

29.7
406.0
156.3
18.4
212.5
71.6
66.1
268.6
14.6
66.8

29.9
406.4
157.1
18.4
212.0
71.8
66.4
269.4
14.5
67.0

30.0
402.7
155.7
18.3
203.8
71.8
65.0
262.8
14.5
66.5

30.1
405.8
155.7
18.3
212.5
72.0
66.2
271.5
14.6
67.7

29.5
405.2
156.3
18.1
212.5
72.0
66.6
272.1
14.5
67.3

29.8
399.8
157.4
18.4
212.0
71.7
66.9
269.5
14.4
67.3

29.8
398.5
156.6
18.4
211.5
71.4
67.2
267.8
14.0
67.4

29.6
399.4
155.6
18.4
211.4
71.5
67.1
269.5
14.5
66.8

29.5
398.0
155.6
18.7
211.8
71.4
67.2
270.7
14.4
67.2

29.5
397.2
155.4
18.7
212.6
72.0
67.2
270.3
14.1
67.0

29.6
397.8
155.5
18.7
212.3
72.2
68.7
267.9
14.2
67.3

South Dakota .
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia ..
Wisconsin
Wyoming

14.6
128.1
443.3
48.1
10.9
151.5
115.4
39.0
114.4
14.6

14.9
127.1
443.5
49.2
10.9
150.9
115.1
39.2
114.0
14.6

14.9
128.5
445.0
49.3
11.0
151.4
114.6
39.7
114.2
14.7

14.9
128.9
444.9
49.8
10.9
152.8
117.0
39.3
114.4
14.6

15.1
124.1
444.5
48.2
11.0
151.3
115.2
39.0
111.2
14.5

15.0
129.7
445.6
48.5
10.9
153.3
117.3
39.2
110.8
14.4

15.3
129.5
446.6
48.7
10.9
151.9
118.2
39.3
113.6
14.4

15.4
129.9
445.6
49.4
11.2
153.2
119.3
39.6
113.4
14.2

15.5
130.3
450.0
49.8
11.1
152.9
117.3
39.8
113.5
14.1

15.4
130.2
452.3
50.0
11.1
152.4
117.8
39.6
113.9
14.3

15.5
130.4
455.5
50.1
11.1
153.6
117.9
39.4
114.1
14.3

15.6
130.5
459.6
50.3
11.0
153.5
118.4
39.3
114.2
14.5

15.3
130.2
463.1
50.3
11.0
153.6
118.8
39.6
115.3
14.3

..

_._ J

See footnotes at end of table.




55

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)

State

TT993
Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Wholesale and retail trade
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia .
Florida
Georgia

381.5i
50.41
389.9 i
221.7)
2,765.3)
411.31

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas ....
Kentucky .
Louisiana .
Maine
Maryland .

386.11

76.2!
51.9!
1,472.8!
787.2!

380.6;
49.91
389.3 j
221.2J
2,769.4;
413.1 j
328.1;
76.71
52.1
1,463.8
787.2

382.3;
49.71
390.2
222.2
2,768.3
415.9
328.2
76.3
51.8
1,477.3
794.2

383.71
50.61
394.4|
223.6 j
2,768.6!
417.7J
325.1;
76.7;
52.1!
1,479.2!
795.7!

384.71
51.3|
397.8;
223.6;
2,768.4;
420.3!
326.61
77.8!
51.6!
1,484.91
796.9

384.4
51.1
398.4
224.5
2,765.2
421.0
327.1
79.1
52.0
1,487.0
797.3

385.
51
401
224.
2,760.
424.
325.
79.
52.
1,491
800.

385.1
51.4
400.6
226.8
2,762.8
427.1
327.1
79.5
52.3
1,492.9
797.4

385.6
51.9
403.6
228.4
2,764.3
427.7
326.3
79.3
53.1
1,499.5
798.5

386.2
52.1'
403.8
229.7
2,764.0
430.0
325.4
78.8
52.6
1,506.6
802.5

51.8
404.9
230.7
2,760.5
432.6
326.6
78.5
53.3
1,512.8
804.2

387.71
52.01
408.0
233.2
2,766.8
431.4
324.7
78.2
53.8
1,518.0
807.41

132.2!
112.81
1,254.5
618.8)
322.8
277.0
360.6
382.4
130.1
497.9

131.7
113.2
1,251.9
614.3
321.7
276.2
359.5
379.7
129.7
500.8

130.7
113.7
1,264.6
615.4
322.3
277.2
363.5
382.6
129.6
499.2

130.4|
114.6J
1,263.6 i
615.71
321.5
278.3
364.9
386.8
129.4
500.3

130.3,
115.9;
1,271.1:
616.3;
323.9'
277.1'
365.5,
388.2 i
132.l!
502.2;

129.4
116.0
1,273.7
615.9
324.8
278.2
367.0
389.5
133.3
503.0

129.1
116.3
1,278.7
614.7
326.0
278.9
368.6
390.8
134.3
504.7

129.3
116.8
1,275.7
615.9
325.9
277.6
370.4
392.0
135.6
505.0

130.0
117.1
1,277.7
615.7
326.8
277.4
370.9
393.6
136.4
504.4

130.6
117.6
1,280.3
618.6
326.9
278.3
371.8
394.4
136.3
503.8

130.2
117.6
1,284.2
623.11
327.6
278.8
373.5
394.8
136.2
507.7

132.4
119.1
1,291.4
628.4
328.6
279.11
374.9
396.0
136.4
506.7

673.1
963.2
548.9
216.4
580.8
90.0
197.0
140.4
131.8
834.8

675.9
961.2
549.4
217.3
581.7
90.6
197.3
140.4
130.0
836.6

675.6
964.3
550.2
216.8
585.5
90.9
198.3
140.9
131.3
836.0

676.6
960.5
553.6
215.6
587.3
91.5
198.5
141.3
131.0
841.0

673.9
967.4
556.2
216.3
590.2
91.4
198.8
143.7
132.0
842.3

322.6J

Massachusetts ...
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire.,
New Jersey

648.1
941.6
540.8
211.5
575.1
88.6
194.0
136.9
129.3
819.4

656.2
937.7
544.7)
211.9
572.5
89.0
194.3
137.0
129.9
823.4

655.3
945.8
548.0
212.8
574.9
89.2
194.2'
137.91
130.2|
819.0J

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina .,
North Dakota ...
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island ...
South Carolina.

148.3
1,555.7
740.6
75.3
1,175.3
289.5
330.8
1,153.2
95.1
356.41

150.4
1,567.21
736.3
74.9
1,178.0
290.8J
330.4;
1,146.3!
94.3;
357.11

150.7!
1,566.4;
738.8;
75.2|
1.180.6J
292.5]
330.7
1,149.4)
94.6
358.8)

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia .
Wisconsin
Wyoming

81.2;
543.7 [
1,844.9 i
197.1!
60.6
655.0
550.7
152.3
558.7
48.4

82.4 i
542.3 i
1,834.7
198.2!
60.9
658.9
549.1
152.1
554.2
48.5

82.8
545.5
1,842.6
198.5
61.1
663.1
552.4
152.3
556.6
48.6

663.9:
957.5j
551.5!
216.6!
581.5!
88.8:
193.6;
139.3
131.9^
827.5:

668.7
960.0
548.3
217.1
582.4
89.0
193.4!
140.1
130.8
828.8

670.6
965.4
548.9
217.7
581.4
89.8
194.3
140.7
131.9
831.3

151.2
1,571.2
743.1
75.6
1,181.7
291.4
331.9
1,155.7
94.4
358.11

153.4
1,570.5;
743.6.
75.4
1,182.3,
293.2'
334.6:
1,157.6!
94.6|
357.9;

153.7
1,572.4
745.2
75.1
1,185.4
292.7
335.0
1,160.4
95.2J
358.31

154.0
1,574.2
745.0
75.2
1,183.5
294.6)
335.5)
1,166.3)
96.1)
358.2)

155.5
1,579.4
745.4
75.8
1,185.3
296.6
335.2
1,164.4
95.9
357.3

155.5
1,582.8
746.6
75.9
1,185.4
297.2
338.2
1,168.5
96.9
357.8

155.0
1,582.5
747.9
75.6
1,184.2
299.5
338.0
1,167.8
96.4
358.2

155.9
1,584.0
750.3
76.0
1,185.0
302.1
338.8
1,174.6
95.8
359.3

156.2 j
1.581.51
751.9
76.1
1,185.4j
305.6
342.3
1,172.4i

82.6 j
546.11
1,848.6!
199.9!
61.4!
668.7;
551.91
152.41
557.2!
48.31

83.0!
550.5!
1,855.51
199.5;
61.5;
672.7:
551.0
153.6;
558.1 :
48.3'

83.3
552.0
1,862.5
199.9
61.3
675.4
551.5
154.1
559.5
48.0

83.6
552.7
1,867.6
200.7
61.8
675.6
554.5
154.3
559.9
48.8

84.2
556.3
1,874.9
202.4
61.2
677.6
552.7
154.4
561.3
49.3

84.0
557.0
1.882.9
203.3
61.2
677.6
553.6
154.9
564.5
49.7

84.2
557.5
1,883.7
204.1
61.1
680.6
556.1
155.2
564.8
49.6

84.6
561.4
1,884.4
205.3
60.6
684.0
557.5
157.1
567.0
49.2

85.11
563.91
1,892.0
207.6
60.8!
686.9,
562.6
157.41
571.9
49.61

659.9
952.0
549.0
215.0
575.3
89.0
193.5
138.4
130.9
822.3

95.51
360.6

i

See footnotes at end of table.

56




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1993

1994

State
Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

I

Dec.p

Nov.

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia .
Florida
Georgia

76.5
11.4
101.3
41.0
780.7
108.7
138.3
35.9
30.0
361.7
167.6

76.9
11.4
101.3
40.9
782.4
108.4
138.4
36.0
30.0
362.8 i
166.6

77.1
11.4
101.1
41.2
780.9
108.6
137.8
36.2
29.6
363.5
167.1

77.2
11.3
101.3
41.4
780.5
108.8
136.8
36.4
29.3
364.5
167.5

77.3
11.5
101.5
41.2
778.5
109.5
138.1
36.7
29.5
364.2
167.4

77.0
11.4
101.7
41.4
774.8
109.1
137.3
36.7
29.9
365.2
167.8

77.0
11.4
102.5
41.4
770.4
109.4
136.8
36.9
30.1
365.7
167.7

77.0
11.5
102.9
41.6
768.2
109.7
136.0
37.0
30.2
367.0
167.3

77.2
11.5
102.7
41.6
765.4
109.3
136.1
37.1
30.3
367.2
167.0

76.9
11.5
102.2
41.5
762.3
109.3
136.2
37.2
30.0
367.7
167.6

77.0
11.4
102.2
41.6
758.2
109.6
136.6
37.5
30.2
370.4
167.0

76.9
11.3
102.3
41.6
756.4
110.0
136.6
37.8
29.8
370.3
168.0

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas ....
Kentucky .
Louisiana .
Maine
Maryland .

39.4
23.3
386.0
129.5
75.5
58.6
63.2
77.9
26.0
130.0

39.6
23.4
385.4
129.4
75.2
58.4
63.0
77.8
25.9
130.6

39.5
23.4
385.5
129.4
75.1
58.5
62.8
77.8
25.9
130.4

39.5
23.8
384.9
129.6
58.6J
62.9]
78.1 J
26.01
130.1

39.6
24.1
385.3
129.8
75.7
58.8
62.9
78.6
26.1
130.2

39.6
24.0
386.31
129.9]
75.9
59.0
62.5
25.91
129.6

39.6
24.2
386.7
129.8
75.9
59.4
62.5
79.1
25.8
129.1

39.4
24.3
387.8
130.0
75.9
59.1
62.2
79.2
25.8
128.6

39.2
24.4
386.9
129.8
76.0
58.7
62.6
79.4
25.8
128.1

39.3
24.6
387.2
129.1
76.3
58.9
62.5
79.2
25.9
128.2

39.0
24.5
389.1
130.2
76.6
58.7
62.3
79.5
25.7
128.2

39.0
24.6
389.3
129.2
76.6
58.9
62.4
79.5
25.8
127.9

Massachusetts ...
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire..
New Jersey

200.6
193.5
139.1
38.9
143.1
15.0
50.6
31.9
29.9!
230.6

201.4
192.5
139.3
38.7
141.2
15.1
50.5
32.1
30.1
230.5

201.4
192.6
139.7
39.2
141.3
15.1
50.8
32.1
30.1
231.1

201.6
193.6
140.0
39.4
141.9
15.2
50.6
32.1
30.1
230.9

202.3
194.8
139.6
39.5
143.0
15.1
50.7
32.1
29.8
231.0

202.21
195.5J
139.3!
39.11
143.2J
15.2J
50.5
32.1
29.8
231.1

202.3
196.4
138.8
39.1
143.1
15.1
50.6
32.1
29.5
232.3 i

202.6
196.6
138.6
38.9
144.0
15.2
50.5
32.0
29.0
232.7

202.2
196.0
138.5
39.1
143.5
15.1
50.4
32.1
28.8
232.0 j

202.6
195.1
138.7
38.8
143.3
15.11
50.4!
32.1 j
29.0J
232.0

202.0
194.4
139.0
38.8
143.9
15.0
50.5
32.3
29.0
232.0

201.9
193.6
138.8
38.7
143.8
15.1
50.7
32.3
29.2
231.2

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina ..
North Dakota ....
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island ....
South Carolina..

27.8
728.7
141.7
13.7
260.1
61.1
93.9
304.6
25.2
66.3

28.1
727.4
141.9
13.7
260.5
61.2
94.4
303.1
25.3
66.2

28.2
728.6
142.2
13.8
260.4
61.3
94.7
304.3
25.4
66.5

28.3
729.5
142.9
13.8
260.6
61.6
95.4
304.5 j
25.2
66.3

28.9
730.3
143.8
13.8
260.9
61.8
95.9
305.9
25.4
66.3

29.0
730.9
144.7
13.8
260.9
61.9
96.5
307.2
25.2
66.4

29.0
733.7
145.3
13.9
260.7
62.0
96.5
307.2
25.0
66.4

29.3
734.8
145.3
13.9
260.8
62.1
96.6
307.7
25.2
66.2

29.21
733.8!
145.6
14.01
260.6|
61.8!
96.9
307.7
25.11
66.3

29.2
733.9
146.2
14.0
260.4
62.3
96.3
307.0
25.0
66.3

29.4
732.6
146.0
14.0
260.3
62.9
96.5
306.3
24.6
66.3

29.4
731.7
146.5
13.8
260.5
62.8
96.6
306.3
24.7
66.5

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia .
Wisconsin
Wyoming

17.9
105.4
435.5)

18.0
105.2
434.2
44.2
12.2
160.0
123.2
25.01
132.6J
7.91

18.1 !j
105.3j
434.41
44.61
12.1!
160.9
122.9
25.0
132.4
7.9

18.2
105.3
436.9
45.0
12.0
161.2
122.3
25.1
132.7
7.8

18.21
105.6!
438.61
45.9|
12.0J
162.2!
122.11
25.0 j
132.61
7.8 i

18.2|
105.8]
438.8
46.2
12.0
162.9
121.8
25.0
132.9
7.7

18.2
105.9
438.9
46.0
11.9
163.5
121.8]
25.3!
132.9
7.8
_L

18.2
105.9
437.7
46.8
12.1
164.3
121.3
25.3
133.3
7.7

18.1
106.2
439.5
46.3
12.1
164.6
121.6
25.4
133.6
7.7

18.2
106.2
441.0
46.8
12.0
165.6
121.1
25.3
133.6
7.8

18.3
106.2
441.1
47.3
12.0
167.0
121.5
25.4
133.9
7.6

18.3
106.3
442.0
47.2
12.1
166.6
121.5
25.5
134.3
7.8

42.5 J
12.31
160.8 j
122.71
25.1
132.7
7.8|

L

75.4 J

78.7 J

_L

See footnotes at end of table.




57

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1993

1994

State
Dec.

j

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

i
i

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

i

Oct.

._. . .. _r
Nov.

Dec."

L

Services
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

|
|
J
|
;
i
i
j
!
|
i

365.1;
57.21
456.6;
220.9'
3,469.6!
475.7!
447.61
91.3J
256.81
1,866.7'
757.11

365.3 1
57.5
455.9
223.9
3,469.6
477.7
453.2
90.7
255.4
1,869.8
758.2

368.5]"
57.8J
458.81
224.8!
3,480.2;
482.41
450.8;
91.4'
256.5,
1,879.3!
767.9,

368.8:
57.8 i
463.8;
225.1!
3,478.8!
482.8!
451.9]
92.11
256.41
1,889.5 i
774.3J

370.1
57.6
466.6
225.5
3,487.0
483.7
453.0
94.1
256.1
1,898.9
782.9

368.4
58.4
466.9
226.7
3,490.8
485.5
456.8
93.9
256.5
1,907.2
786.6

369.7
58.6
469.6
227.8
3,493.4
485.9
457.4
94.7
255.0
1,917.7
795.3

368.8
58.6
470.8
229.2
3,503.0
488.1
461.3
94.6
255.9
1,927.5
800.7

370.0
58.8
471.6
230.7
3,510.5
488.7
462.5
94.7
257.2
1,941.3
806.2

371.1
58.6
474.0
231.5
3,508.8
489.6
463.6
94.7
259.7
1,952.7
813.9

372.5
58.5
476.7
232.6
3,508.8
490.0
464.3
94.3
264.3
1,963.2
816.7

371.6
58.6
479.1
232.9
3,522.4
492.7
463.9
94.9
263.4
1,968.4
830.0

372.1
58.8
481.6
232.0
3,518.1
491.4
463.9
94.7
262.8
1,980.5
833.8

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

'
!
i
j
i
]
i
;
i
I

163.4;
100.11
1,489.2i
564.0 j
321.51
274.9|
366.51
411.11
136.7 1
665.2 j

163.9
100.9
1,479.7
569.2
322.8
276.8
364.6
410.3
135.8
664.2

163.2!
101.8|
1,481.2!
568.61
323.31
276.41
365.6 [
415.3i
136.4;
662.7!

163.2'
101.5J
1,481.91
582.11
323.7'
277.0,
367.9'
418.0;
136.6'
663.31

163.3
101.8
1,487.7
583.4
325.0
277.7
368.0
421.3
137.6
669.9

163.6
102.6
1,490.3
578.1
325.7
278.0
367.5
424.5
138.7
671.2

164.0
102.6
1,495.6
577.3
327.4
279.3
370.2
425.5
138.4
670.3

164.2
102.9
1,504.4
576.8
328.3
279.9
372.2
428.0
138.2
671.9

163.5
102.6
1,507.1
579.5
328.1
280.1
373.8
433.1
139.1
669.4

164.7
102.9
1,517.0
587.4
327.1
280.0
376.3
434.8
138.1
672.4

165.1
102.4
1,520.2
583.7
328.4
280.8
378.3
436.4
139.5
672.3

165.1
103.5
1,520.5
583.9
329.1
281.7
378.8
438.3
139.8
671.5

165.4
104.4
1,521.3
584.4
329.3
281.4
379.5
440.7
140.3
674.4

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

i
j
J
i
[
i
'
!
i
i

974.0!
1,027.5!
626.6 j
200.0!
658.71
89.4!
188.3
311.71
138.2!
1,030.1;

987.5
1,029.8
629.3
204.3
657.5
89.6
189.1
312.2
140.1
1,031.2

987.6!
1,036.3,
631.0;
207.1.
660.3!
89.9,
188.8 1
315.5'
140.9!
1,033.8

990.8'
1,040.01
633.3;
207.1'
664.51
90.61
188.2!
315.7!
141.6!
1,036.71

997.3
1,050.2
636.4
209.5
675.2
90.0
190.6
316.8
142.9
1,046.2

997.5
1,054.5
636.4
211.1
677.2
90.7
190.6
317.1
143.0
1,047.9

1,001.7
1,059.3
640.2
215.9
684.8
91.0
193.4
317.1
143.5
1,051.7

1,009.9
1,063.4
641.5
218.0
688.7
90.7
195.1
317.2
144.8
1,054.5

1,014.2
1,066.9
641.8
217.0
689.1
90.6
195.8
317.8
144.8
1,058.7

1,014.7
1,070.0
643.6
215.8
687.7
91.0
194.7
319.4
145.0
1,060.5

1,014.2
1,075.1
646.4
213.8
693.6
91.2
196.4
319.8
146.0
1,062.7

1,014.6
1,075.4
648.3
212.6
693.5
91.6
197.0
321.1
146.2
1,063.9

1,014.5
1,077.0
650.5
213.7
691.6
91.7
196.9
322.4
146.0
1,066.1

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

!
;
'
'
!
!
J
j
j

168.9;
2,440.9.
707.5;
77.9 i
1,289.1;
304.4,
333.3!
1,540.5,
136.8!
341.3;

172.6
2,444.6
709.5
77.8
1,292.9
307.0
332.2
1,530.1
137.4
345.3

173.11
2,449.8!
711.9|
77.9!
1,296.01
307.0'
332.9 j
1,533.3 :
136.8J
344.61

173.3 !
2,458.0!
717.9 1
79.1;
1,296.9'
307.3!
334.1 '
1,541.7;
138.1!
344.41

175.5
2,464.3
719.2
79.1
1,299.4
310.6
334.1
1,553.1
138.6
344.4

176.3
2,473.1
723.3
79.8
1,300.0
312.7
335.1
1,560.4
139.4
345.9

175.9
2,477.5
727.6
79.6
1,297.3
314.5
336.0
1,558.9
141.9
347.9

176.8
2,487.6
724.1
79.8
1,300.2
317.2
338.1
1,563.3
141.2
348.2

177.0
2,485.7
726.1
79.8
1,299.4
315.5
339.9
1,566.5
141.3
348.3

178.1
2,489.0
728.1
80.3
1,301.3
318.1
341.3
1,566.7
140.8
348.8

179.3
2,493.7
731.2
80.8
1,308.8
317.7
343.7
1,568.0
141.2
347.6

180.6
2,492.7
733.2
81.2
1,311.3
319.2
344.9
1,571.9
141.1
349.4

181.2
2,498.6
737.4
81.7
1,314.8
320.0
347.4
1,570.3
141.0
350.5

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

j
I
i
|
j
i
;
I
■
i

81.0!
585.9
1,954.8'
218.9!
74.2!
817.2.
589.3 i
170.0;
602.4!
43.5,

83.3
585.7
1,948.9
221.2
74.2
816.7
588.3
170.1
604.9
43.8

83.6 *
587.51
1,966.8;
221.9!
75.3;
822.9 j
589.2!
170.91
607.9 i
43.8!

83.9'
587.71
1,976.3;
222.7 i
75.8;
829.5!
593.6;
171.2'
610.3;
43.7:

84.0
591.4
1,998.3
223.7
77.5
834.0
594.2
172.3
611.7
44.0

84.5
594.2
2,004.0
223.5
75.3
834.0
596.7
174.0
611.5
43.5

85.3
593.7
2,025.8
225.3
75.2
837.6
599.7
173.6
614.4
43.7

85.0
594.9
2,037.0
225.6
75.8
840.9
598.9
174.2
617.9
43.3

85.0
594.3
2,040.8
229.2
75.6
843.9
601.0
174.1
619.8
43.4

84.6
596.0
2,037.0
229.8
76.0
849.0
601.9
174.8
619.4
44.0;

85.5
598.6
2,034.9
230.4
76.7
852.1
602.9
175.7
617.7
44.0

85.7
601.4
2,030.9
232.8
77.3
855.7
607.4
175.5
618.4
44.1

86.4
602.0
2,040.2
233.7
78.3
856.8
608.7
176.8
619.8
44.1

.. ..... ....
See footnotes at end of table.

58




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(!n thousands)
1993
State

h

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

343.5 j
74.9]
286.51
169.41
2,084.1 j
298.7;
49.5
284.0'
898.3!
560.6!

343.9;
74.9 i
287.3 j
169.4 j
2,083.0 i
298.8'
208.8
49.4
283.0
897.9
560.8

345.0T
343.8
74.4
74.61
287.4
286.31
170.7
169.4
2,089.4
2,084.0
298.5
300.6
210.5
210.2
49.41
50.2
282.8 j
281.1
907.1 ]
901.9
561.3!
561.2

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

339.6
73.8
294.7
172.5 j
2,090.9)
302.1;
208.9
50.6
280.9
908.7
563.3

340.2
74.7
297.1
173.2
2,097.8
303.0
210.6
51.3
278.1
903.3
562.5

344.8:
74.3]
302.91
170.01
2,091.7]
301.5]
213.3;
51.5)
278.5)
917.61
568.5

345.2
73.9
295.3
170.3
2,095.1
300.7
211.5
50.7
277.0
911.8
575.2

Government
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia .
Florida
Georgia

343.01
75.1;
287.1!
169.1 :
2,079.4 J
298.81
208.8
49.9
284.8
894.1
556.8

344.3
75.8
286.3
169.4
2,079.8
297.9
207.3
49.4
285.1
895.8
558.3

209.01

349.1
74.6
288.6
171.0
2,091.8
298.6
209.6
50.0
279.3
908.9
562.2

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas ....
Kentucky .
Louisiana .
Maine
Maryland .

112.0
92.2
773.2
396.9
225.7
232.7
276.7
339.6
93.3
419.4

110.41
92.2!
768.1!
398.2!
224.7 J
232.0'
272.8!
340.21
92.11
419.1i

111.9!
92.5 j
773.5
395.1
223.6
232.4
275.2
339.4
93.4
416.4

112.0
92.8
773.4
395.4
225.3
232.4
277.1
340.2
93.2
419.8

111.9
93.1
771.7!
396.0!
226.1!
226.2'
277.3J
343.2I
93.21
419.9J

110.2
93.3
779.3
395.2]
227.1
231.4]
276.6]
343.61
93.8!
418.9!

Massachusetts ..,
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire.
New Jersey

387.8
641.6
358.5
211.8
382.5
75.0
150.5
90.0
74.11
569.2

387.0 i
637.0
359.6
211.5
381.0!
74.4}
151.1 ■
89.4J
75.11
565.2!

388.8
637.9
359.5
210.5
382.5
74.6
149.1
90.0
76.6
561.1

386.5
641.4
360.8
212.6
382.7
74.6
149.7
91.1
76.7
562.5

390.2i
638.7!
362.6 i
212.3!
385.4
75.0
149.5
91.8i
75.0!
565.0]

388.9
637.4 j
362.3
212.4
386.5
75.6
152.1
92.2
74.2!
566.9

i

358.8
73.8
298.2
171.2
2,093.6
300.2
213.1
50.6
275.3
958.1!
576.2J

345.0
74.4
297.1
171.0
2,093.0
302.0
212.8
50.9
273.7
921.6
576.5

113.0
92.9
777.6]
397.4 j
231.3
237.5
278.9
343.4
92.9
418.0

111.7
93.5
783.2
396.2
226.4
230.8
277.9
340.6
94.8
414.6

111.7
93.7]
787.7]
394.7;
228.2]
234.0)
278.2
342.8
94.3
418.7

112.0
94.4
774.4
396.5
229.3
233.2
286.5
349.0!
93.8
424.1

112.3
94.4'
777.0
395.0
228.8!
233.21
286.2!
351.8'
93.5]
423.61

112.l!
94.4!
777.51
396.3!
231.1
240.4
287.0
352.1
93.1
423.1

112.3
95.6
779.4
392.9
230.1
234.1
287.8
352.4
92.6
424.9

387.5
632.3
361.6]
211.0
386.2

74.2
566.6

383.0;
627.31
360.2!
214.41
387.2
75.9
152.7
91.0
76.7
565.9

385.4
632.7
360.2
218.9
385.4
79.1
154.4
93.8
76.9
563.4]

388.7
643.3
358.7
211.8
385.5
77.1 i
153.0
95.2
76.7
565.1

391.6
643.2
359.9
213.3
385.6
76.4 j
153.7]
94.11
75.3'
566.6

392.3 i
649.9]
361.5!
213.9!
388.6]
77.5i
157.3 1
95.6
75.1
566.1

392.4
646.2
361.7
214.4
389.2
76.8
152.9
95.2
74.9
567.4

75.11
149.3]

90.2 J

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina ..
North Dakota ....
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island ....
South Carolina..

160.0
1,420.2!
539.2 i
66.81
739.51
268.6 i
233.0!
713.8!
62.4;
297.7

160.4!
1,417.5]
539.9'
66.6!
738.0
269.6
233.9
710.0
61.7
299.6

160.2
1,415.6
537.6
67.0
739.9 i
269.2!
233.71
708.3 j
62.0
298.8

160.6|
1,417.21
540.4
66.7
740.6
269.9
232.7
711.2
61.4
300.0

162.1:
1,417.6;
541.0;
66.5!
744.5]
271.41
233.1 ]
714.2]
61.9]
300.3]

162.5
1,421.8
542.9
66.6
741.4
271.9
234.4
713.3J
61.9
300.4!

166.0
1,413.8
544.0
66.3
747.4
270.3
232.9
718.9
61.8,
301.2

163.5
1,426.2
541.1
66.6 j
740.5)
268.21
234.6!
706.7]
62.8 j
301.5

163.3]
1,425.4]
550.9)
68.31
744.0i
268.5
236.7
710.3
62.1
301.3

163.1
1,418.1
550.3
68.2
752.8
269.8
237.3
727.6
61.5
301.3

164.0)
1,411.0
554.0 i
67.3!
748.0]
267.7]
238.3'
720.9'
61.2
299.5

167.1
1,414.1
554.9
67.5
745.8
268.0
241.5
720.1
62.4
309.3

165.8
1,409.1
555.6
67.2
747.1
268.1
239.7
721.8
60.9
300.1

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia .
Wisconsin
Wyoming

66.7
365.1
1,395.4
162.0
43.5
601.5
431.5
135.5
362.4
57.8

67.4;
365.1;
1,389.61
161.11
43.41
597.5!
433.5J
134.8;
363.0!
58.0;

67.4
365.2
1,393.4
161.6
44.1
598.1
436.9
135.0
360.2
57.8

67.3
365.9
1,390.7
161.2
44.4
602.4
432.7 j
134.6)
363.11
57.2i

67.5;
366.2]
1,394.9]
162.0]
. 44.l]
603.3!
435.1'
133.6
362.8
57.3

67.7
366.4
1,398.0]
162.1
44.9
602.1
434.6!
140.5]
362.0]
57.6

68.5
368.9
1,394.8
162.7
44.7
603.5
437.0
133.9
362.6
57.5

68.8
365.4
1,414.3
162.1
43.1
602.1
438.1
132.4
366.0
57.1

68.6
366.5
1,427.2
162.9
43.0
604.0
439.8
135.7
361.7
58.2

69.1
367.0
1,428.8
164.0
43.9
601.5]
438.0:
137.7'
362.8!
57.61

68.8
367.5
1,429.7
163.1
44.1
601.9
442.2
136.6
362.4
57.6

69.3!
387.9J
1,433.9'
163.3!
44.9!
602.6!
441.2,
147.8-1
367.3]
58.3]

68.0
369.4
1,438.5
163.9
45.1
600.9
441.2
137.6
363.1
57.6

Includes mining, not shown separately.
Mining is combined with construction.




]

p

=- preliminary.
NOTE: All State data have been adjusted to March 1993 benchmarks.

59

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1994
Industry
Jan.
Total private
Mining

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

j

July

June

Aug. | Sept.

Nov. ! Dec.0

Oct.

34.8

34.3

34.6

34.7

34.8

34.6

34.6

34.4

34.6

34.9

34.6

44.2

44.1

44.4

45.0

44.5

44.8

45.4

44.7

45.0

44.8

45.0

2

2

2

2

2

?

Construction

()

0

()

0

()

()

()

()

()

()

(2)

Manufacturing
Overtime hours .

41.7
4.5

41.3
4.5

42.1
4.7

42.2
4.8

42.0
4.7

42.0
4.6

42.0
4.6

42.0
4.7

42.1
4.7

42.1
4.8

42.7
4.8
41.7
40.2
43.3
44.2
43.9
42.6
43.4
42.1
44.0
46.2
41.4
40.1

42.2
4.9
40.6
39.0
42.3
44.2
44.3
42.3
43.1
41.7
44.0
46.3
41.0
38.9

43.0
5.0
41.3
40.6
43.6
44.6
44.7
42.8
43.9
42.4
44.5
46.5
41.7
40.1

43.0
5.2
41.4
40.3
43.4
44.9
45.1
43.0
43.9
42.6
44.6
46.1
41.6
40.4

42.1 |
4.7 !
i
42.9 i
5.0 |
41.4 j
40.3 ;
43.7 !
44.8 I
45.1 i
42.8 I
43.8 :
42.3 |
44.3 |
45.8 !
41.9 j
40.2 !

42.8
5.0
41.3
40.8
43.6
44.3
44.4
42.6
43.8
42.2
44.0
45.2
41.6
40.2

42.6
4.9
41.1
40.5
43.5
44.4
44.8
42.6
43.6
42.2
43.3
44.1
42.1
40.3

42.8
5.0
41.2
40.4
43.4
44.7
45.0
42.8
43.4
42.3
44.4
45.9
41.8
39.9

42.8
5.0
40.9
40.7
43.6
44.9
45.3
43.0
43.7
42.0
44.2
45.8
41.7
39.9

42.9
5.0
41.4
40.8
43.5
44.9
45.4
42.8
43.7
42.3
44.2
45.6
41.8
40.0

43.0
5.1
41.1
40.7
43.4
45.1
45.5
43.1
43.8
42.1
44.8
46.7
41.7
39.9

40.6 ;
4.1 !
40.7 j

40.1
4.1
40.8

41.0
4.3
41.2

41.1
4.3
41.2

41.0 i
4.2 |
41.1 ;

(2)

(2) ;

41.0
4.3
41.3

41.1
4.3
41.7

40.9
4.2
41.3

41.0
4.3
41.3

41.1
4.3
41.4

41.0
4.3
41.5

42.2
37.6
44.1
38.4
43.3

42.0
38.0
44.0
38.8
43.2

41.8 :
37.8 :
44.o ;
38.8 :
43.4

41.9
37.8
44.0
38.8
43.3

41.6
37.6
44.3
38.6
43.5

41.5
37.7
44.1
38.5
43.2

41.5
37.6
43.9
38.7
43.1

41.9
37.7
44.1
38.7
43.5

42.2

42.2
38.3 !

(2)

(?)

41.5
37.6
43.9
38.7
43.4

42.2
37.9

42.2
38.6

42.4
38.8

42.3

42.3

39.1

38.6

39.9 !

39.9

39.6

39.9
40.1

39.8

38.4

38.3

38.1

38.2

29.0

29.0

28.9

28.8

38.6
29.2 j

38.3
28.9

Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

j
j
!
!
]
i
..;
!
..!

2

I
|
I
!
!
j
:

I

2

!
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ..
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

(2)

!

(2)

41.5
36.9
43.7
38.3
43.2

I
i
i
:
!

40.4
35.8
43.2
38.0
42.8

(2)

!

(?)

(2)

\

(?)

(2)

41.9 i
38.6 I

41.6 !
37.7 I

42.6
38.6

42.4
39.0

Transportation and public utilities

40.1 ;

39.7 j

39.8

40.2

Wholesale trade

38.5 |

38.1

38.3

38.4

28.6 |

28.9

29.0

!

!
Retail trade

j

29.0

Finance, insurance, and real estate

j

(2)

Services

I

(2)

38.4 ;
40.0 j
38.5 ;
29.0 ;

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

()

()

()

()

()

32.5

32.8 :'

32.5

32.2

32.5

32.8 ;

2

2

2

2

28.9
2

29.2

2

()

O

32.4

32.4

32.7

| ( )
i

32.8

32.3 |

32.4

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
7
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular




(2)

(2) i ( ? )

2

i

60

(2)

32.4

components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
— preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1982 = 100)
1994
Industry
May

June | July

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

129.3

128.9

129.7

131.1

130.7

131.0

107.5

107.6

107.8

108.3

108.5

109.2

109.8

55.1

55.7

55.2

55.7

55.3

55.2

54.6

134.8 i 134.0

135.2

134.2

136.0

134.7

137.1

139.1

104.9 ! 105.4

105.1

105.3

105.2

105.7

105.8

106.4

106.9

107.2

101.4
128.2
119.2
102.8
87.3
71.6
105.1
94.2
101.2
113.7
149.4
74.5
97.4

103.3
130.4
124.8
106.5
88.1
71.6
106.7
96.1
103.2
114.8
150.3
75.6
100.8

104.0
131.3
123.5
107.3
88.5
70.8
107.8
96.9
104.6
115.3
149.5
75.2
101.9

103.8
131.6
124.2
107.8
88.5
70.8
107.6 I
96.9 I
103.8 I
114.6
147.9
75.4
101.0

104.0
103.7
131.7
131.3
126.0
125.7
107.8 ! 107.8
88.3
88.9
71.6
70.5
108.0
107.9
97.2
97.5
104.2
104.3
111.9
114.5
143.7
147.7
74.3
75.1
101.4
102.8

104.7
132.0
125.1
107.6
89.6
71.5
109.1
97.3
105.5
116.3
153.5
74.2
102.1

104.9
131.0
126.0
107.8
90.7
72.4
109.6
98.4
105.3
116.2
154.1
74.0
101.0

105.6
133.3
126.3
108.1
91,6
72.9
110.0
98.8
106.0
117.2
155.4
73.8
102.0

106.5
133.4
127.0
108.6
92.5
73.5
111.5
99.3
106.3
119.3
159.8
73.8
102.1

106.8
134.2
126.4
109.1
93.2
74.0
112.3
99.4
107.1
119.7
159.5
73.8
101.8

104.7
112.7
54.2
96.2
84.0
109.1
122.6
100.6
79.7
134.7
53.9

107.1
114.1
58.3
100.6
88.4
111.2
124.1
101.4
80.4
138.3
54.6

107.4
113.6
62.0
99.8
89.3
111.1
125.5
101.3
82.1
138.3
55.7

107.0
107.1
113.5
113.2
58.7
60.3
99.2
99.4
88.9
88.8
111.1
111.1
125.1
125.7
101.6
101.6
78.7 ! 80.1
138.4
138.6
53.7
53.5

107.0
113.6
60.0
98.3
88.5
111.4
125.3
100.6
81.0
139.5
54.0

107.0
113.3
59.9
97.8
88.3
110.4
125.8
100.9
84.0
140.8
53.6 i

107.5
113.4
60.0
99.1
88.6
111.4
126.1
102.0
82.4
141.0
53.5

107.5
114.6
57.0
98.5
87.5
111.3
125.9
101.8
81.1
141.8
52.8

107.8
114.9
60.5
98.8
87.5
111.1
126.5
101.7
80.9
143.1
53.7

Apr.

127.1 J 125.6

127.3

128.2

129.1 ! 128.8

106.7

107.3

107.4

Mining

105.3 | 103.9
I
54.6 | 54.3

54.5

54.9

Construction

128.5 i 124.5

131.0

132.7

Manufacturing

103.7

102.8

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

102.3
131.6
122.9
105.2
87.0
71.3
105.6
94.4
101.8
113.8
149.4
75.2
100.8

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products

105.7
112.0
57.1
98.6
86.6
110.4
123.5
101.5
81.8
134.7
55.2

Feb.

—rTotal private ....
Goods-producing

Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

54.2 j

-i—

107.2
114.7
55.7
98.3
88.0
111.9
125.3
101.9
80.5
139.2
52.4

i

Service-producing .

136.9 ; 135.3

136.6 | 137.6 >. 138.8 138.4

j 118.9

117.9

118.6 ! 118.4

Wholesale trade

j 114.0

113.1

Retail trade

J 125.1

123.6

113.9 ! 114.5
i
125.4 ! 126.4

Finance, insurance, and real estate

j 124.3

121.7

121.5 i 122.0

!

!

I

161.2

159.3

i

116.6

115.9

116.0 '

126.6 I 127.3 ! 128.0 ' 127.6

127.5

129.7

129.1

129.4

121.4

121.3

166.7

121.8 I 122.4

120.4

120.9

123.8

160.8 j 162.5 I 164.6

163.5 i 164.6
i
I

163.8

165.9

167.9

I

;

114.8 | 114.9 | 114.6 | 114.7 j 115.2

123.6

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.




!

139.0 I 138.3

139.4 i 141.2 j 140.3 I 140.5
120.0 ' 121.5
119.9
120.5
119.8 j 119.6 j 119.6 j 118.8 l 119.8

Transportation and public utilities

Services .

Dec.F

Aug.

Mar.

Jan.

!

167.1
J_

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are
subject to revision.

61

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ALL-EMPLOYEE HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1

Percent change

Industry

Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ..
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government

Jan. 1994
to
Jan. 1995p

Nov. 1994
to
Dec. 1994r

214,963

3.4

0.8

175,035

176,636

3.8

.3

1,404
10,151
39,579
22,912
16,666
12,190
12,183
31,040
12,609
55,298

1,381
10,282
39,661
22,965
16,695
12,217
12,181
31,162
12,589
55,563

1,400
10,416
39,753
23,073
16,681
12,365
12,308
31,504
12,864
56,026

-1.2
9.1
2.3
3.2
1.2
2.4
2.6
4.9
.4
4.7

-1.6
1.3
.2
.2
.2
.2
.0
.4
-.2
.5

1.0
1.1
2.2
.8

37,394

38,425

38,327

1.6

2.8

-.3

Nov.
1994r

Dec.
1994r

Jan.
1995p

211,848

213,460

174,454

1
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted, multiplied
by 52.
p
= preliminary.
r
= revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,

62




Dec. 1994
to
Jan. 1995p

1.4
1.3
.2
.5
-.1

1.2

nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2414,
chapter 10, "Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors".
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202—606-5606).

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-11. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, seasonally adjusted
1994

1995

Industry
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

:

May . June ! July

; Aug. j Sept. '. Oct.

p

; Nov. j Dec.

Jan.t:

Average hourly earnings
Total private (in current dollars)

! $11.02 $11.03 $11.02! $11.05

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime2
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

j
|
!
!
;
:
;

3

Total private (in constant dollars) .

$11.09 $11.08 $11.11' $11.13 $11.17: $11,251 $11.23* $11.25! $11.32

14.88
14.43
11.95
11.34
13.80
11.92
7.41
11.73
10.97

14.81
14.54
12.01
11.40
13.82
11.88
7.42
11.67^
10.96:

14.77!
14.47;
12.00!
11.37!
13.791
11.88
7.43
11.69
10.95

14.87
14.52
12.00.
11.33
13.77'
11.95:
7.45'
11.77;
10.99!

14.83
14.60
12.00
11.37
13.80
11.98
7.47
11.83
11.04

14.73
14.67
12.03
11.40
13.78
11.99
7.47
11.74
11.03

14.80!
14.75i
12.05;
11.42;
13.84:
12.02 !
7.48;
11.80;
11.06!

14.82
14.72
12.08
11.43
13.87
12.01
7.50
11.80
11.08

14.94
14.82
12.12
11.46
13.89
12.04
7.52
11.89
11.12

15.06
14.91
12.14
11.51
14.03
12.19
7.56
12.06
11.22

7.43:

7.42:

7.39:

7.40!

7.42!

7.39!

7.38!

7.36

7.38

7.43

!

15.05
14.82
12.17
c
11.52
14.09
12.11;
7.56'
11.98
11.17

15.10, 15.06
14.76! 14.69
12.19' 12 23
c
11.52 c 11.57
14.06; 14.15
12.14! 12.23
7.61
7.61 i
11.97 : 12.13
11.21: 11.33

7.39 ;

7.39

O

Average weekly earnings
Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1982) dollars3

; 383.50 378.33 381.29! 383.44! 385.93; 383.37; 384.41
! 258.60 254.60 255.73' 256.83' 258.15; 255.58; 255.25

386.48 392.63
255.27' 259.16

389.25; 395.07
255.75!
0

i

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
'* Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time
and one-half.
3
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical

Workers (CPI-W) is used
4
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment
1993 benchmark levels.
all seasonally adjusted
revision.
c=corrected.

to deflate these series.

survey estimates are currently projected from March
When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
data from January 1990 forward are subject to

Corrected seasonal adjustment factors
November 1994-April 1995 factors for average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, in manufacturing
have been corrected as follows. These factors replace those published in the December 1994 issue of this
publication.




1994 November 99.8
December 100.4

1995: January
February
March
April

100.4
100.2
100.2
100.4

63

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)
Production workers1

employees
Industry

Jan.
1995p

Total

Dec. i Jan. : Nov.
Dec.
1993 j 1994 : 1994 ■ 1994p

Jan.
1995p

115,8671115,864 113,453

Total private.

91,152

96,2491 96,373 94,363

Mining.

75,938: 74,037

78,740! 78,832! 76,860

605:

597

588

440:

426

437:

430!

Metal mining ...
Iron ores
Copper ores.

10
101
102

50.5'
10.4
15.2

49.5
10.0
15.1

51.511.1;
15.6'

51.4
11.0
15.6

51.6

40.8:
8.5;
12.6!

39.4:
8.1;
12.6i

41.8 ;
9.2!
12.9

42.0;
9.21
12.9!

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining .

12
122

114.5
106.8

114.7
107.1

114.0;
106.3

113.2
105.6

111.5

92.1!
85.7!

92.1!
85.8!

92.9
86.5

92.3!
86.0;

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas .
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

355.4
167.7
182.5

347.5
165.7
176.6

336.4:
158.5;
171.3;

333.1
157.3
169.1

330.1

233.6!
82.5|
147.5!

226.0;
81.1!
141.3;

223.7
81.1
138.8

220.9!

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals ...

14
142
144
147

98.4
37.9.
30.7:
12.8

92.7
35.1
28.2
12.8

103.3!
39.7;
33.11
13.1!

99.7
38.5
30.9
13.0

94.5

73.8J
29.6!

68.4
26.7

78.5
31.0

75.2!
29.8|

4,658

4,324

5,167:

4,956

4,617

3,579;

3,252,

4,031

3,821 ;

801.5!
381.4|
12.1:
408.0:

747.3! 871.0
363.1: 409.4
11.6 = 12.9
372.6. 448.7

:

848.6
400.7 j
12.2!
435.7J

555.8
153.7
402.1

478.5:
115.0!
363.5;

563.51
152.7!
410.8:

Construction .
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction .

15
152
153
154

j 1,132.2 1,074.1 1,214.0 1,191.4 1,133.7
I 562.9 541.6
587.1
596.9
I 28.5
28.1
29.6
30.3:
504.4
540.8
574.7
586.8

Heavy construction, except building ....
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway .

16
161
162

;
j
|

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

[17
|171
|172
;173
;174
175
|176

672.5
193.3
479.2

592.5:
152.0!
440.5J

!

i

Durable goods.

683.4
194.2
489.2

603.5

640.7
200.7
440.0;

79.81
137.6!

3,488

! 2,852.9 2,657.0! 3,191.5 3,081.3 2,880.0 2,221.2! 2,026.2, 2,519.6; 2,408.7!
! 647.0
636.1! 692.7; 692.3
474.6! 460.8! 509.6! 509.8;
135.0! 115.5
163.2! 149.0!
163.4' 144.7! 195.1! 180.7
:
422.6! 407.8
463.7: 463.7;
543.1
528.6: 590.0J 590.6
341.4! 308.0 412.3! 386.1!
401.1: 367.8! 477.9: 452.2
151.5; 148.7
181.0; 181.3 :
201.5| 199.3 ; 238.9! 239.4
165.8! 136.0
188.6! 176.0;
208.3. 177.5; 233.9; 221.7
j 17,949: 17,827

Manufacturing .

761.0:
243.2!
517.8,

423

;
10,169

18,248! 18,226

;
10,122; 10,411

18,117

12,288; 12,198; 12,629: 12,609; 12,517

10,419 10,368

6,851;

6,821 ;

7,124

7,134;

7,085

Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

|24
1241
J242
J2421
I2426
I243
J2431
I2434
'2435
!2436
!244
;245
;2451
249

711.8;
78.6
181.4
144.3;
35.0'
255.2;
104.8!
70.11
23.6 ;
28.0J
45.3;
68.0!
51.9!
83.3 ;

706.5]
76.5!
181.0J
143.9J
35.1!
254.4:
104.7;
70.0!
23.8 :
28.4!
44.8!
67.1;
51.9:
82.7

745.7;
77.2
184.9.
146.3!
36.4!
271.4J
111.2:
76.3'
24.8;
28.3
47.6!
77.1
59.6:
87.5

741.0
75.1
184.8
146.2
36.5
269.3
110.1
76.0
24.9
28.3
47.5
77.1
59.8
87.2

731.8

586.5I
64.0;
157.2;
124.9J
30.6!
205.2 j
81.9!
56.1;
20.2:
25.2!
38.4
53.9;
43.2!
67.8;

582.1i
61.9;
156.9:
124.5.
30.8
204.7
82.2
55.9
20.4
25.5
37.8;
53.3!
43.3!
67.5!

615.7.
63.5:
160.2'
126.5;
31.9 1
217.8;
86.5!
61.3;
21.5!
25.1!
40.4:
62.2;
50.0
71.6;

611.4;
61.2J
159.8;
126.1!
31.9!
216.5:
86.2.
61.0!
21.6;
25.1'
40.4,
62.1!
50.2;
71.4;

601.2

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings

;25
{251
|2511
J2512
12514
;2515

491.7
282.1
123.7:
93.1
22.7
29.5

489.9!
281. li
122.7!
93.2]

503.7
283.3
123.2.
93.1!
23.6,
30.5!

502.8
284.1
123.2
93.0
23.8
31.3

500.7

389.4;
236.6;

387.3;
235.2!
105.1!
78.3!
18.5'
22.6

399.7
236.7
105.2
78.2
19.3
23.5:

399.2;
237.6!
105.3;
78.3!
19.6!
24.1

396.8

See footnotes at end of table.

64




22.6J
29.6;

106.5J
78.1;
18.81
22.5'

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures—Continued
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

j
;252
;253
J254
|259

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

|32
J321
|322
J3221
J3229
I323
;324
I325
;326
J327
j3271
|3272
j 3273
|329
J3291
13292
J3296

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

|33
!331
|3312
;3317
!332
J3321
|3322
I3325
1333
J3334
;335
13351
|3353
J3357
J336
J3365

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops) .
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products.
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings .
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee

|34
;341
|3411
J342
j 3423,5
J3429
|343
J3432
J3433
J344
13441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
J3452
346
3462
3465
3469

Production workers1

All employees
Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994p

62.1
37.7
74.2
35.6

61.5
37.5
74.5
35.3

63.9
38.8
81.4
36.3

63.6
39.1
79.8
36.2

513.8
14.6
75.4
33.7
41.7
58.6
17.8
31.7J
39.5;
189.2!
16.3!
62.3;
93.7,
73.7!
19.4!
2.9J
21.9!

501.6
14.5
74.5
33.4!
41.1|
58.7!
17.7
31.6
39.4
179.4
15.4
61.1
86.1
73.4
19.3
2.9
21.9

540.3
15.0J
73.9
30.7
43.2
61.6
17.6
33.3
41.8
206.2
17.6
67.5
103.8
77.1
20.0
2.8
234

531.6
15.0
73.9
30.8
43.1
61.8
17.6
33.1
41.9
197.7
16.9
65.9
97.7
77.1
20.0
2.7
23.3

678.8
237.6
173.1
25.8
120.0
76.9
5.2
24.7
40.2
22.8
160.1
21.7
23.6
68.9
79.1
22.5

678.0
237.2
173.0
25.5
119.7
76.2
5.5
24.8
39.9
22.7
159.9
21.6
23.6
68.7
79.5i
22.4!

699.5J
234.6!
170.0
25.4
128.9
81.2
5.7
27.0
39.8
22.3
166.0!
22.1'
22.8
73.9
87.0
25.1

702.8,
235.6!
170.7!
25.6'
130.0
82.0
5.9
27.1
39.9
22.4
166.3
22.1
22.6
73.9
87.7
25.3

Jan.
1995p

Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

I

46.9;
31.4J
58.41
24.9 j
i
410.4|
11.71
61.8;
27.6;
34.2!
46.8!
13.31
25.6J
33.7
150.01
10.8!
48.9I
76.7
57.8
14.61
2.2j

45.4
29.7
54.0
23.7

44.9
29.5
54.2
23.5

46.8
31.1
60.2
24.9

518.2

395.6
11.3
62.9
30.0
32.9
44.4
13.6
24.2
31.3
143.3
10.3
46.3
73.4!
55.11
14.6]
2.3!

384.0
11.2
62.1
29.7
32.4
44.4
13.5
24.2
31.1
134.1
9.6
44.9
66.3
54.8
14.5
2.3

418.2
11.7
61.6
27.5
34.1
46.9
13.3
25.8
33.6
157.9
11.3
50.6
82.4
57.6
14.8
2.3

700.9
235.3

518.5
181.2
133.0
19.0
96.0
62.1
4.1
19.6
30.0!
17.7J
117.2|
16.5!
15.9|
50.7
63.9
18.1

519.5
181.2
133.3
18.7
96.2
61.8
4.2
19.8
30.0
17.7
117.5
16.5
16.1
50.6
64.2
18.1

541.9
179.5
131.1
18.8
105.0
66.7
4.4
22.0
30.1
17.5
124.6
17.3
16.3
55.0
71.0
20.7

997.5
34.2
27.9
93.4
32.4
53.0
41.9
18.4
13.3
284.4
48.0
52.4;
66.5;
75.0!
18.1
70.7
37.9
32.8
179.9
22.4
87.9
61.7

992.9 1,048.9
34.0
33.9
27.7
27.8
93.6
98.8
32.8
34.6
52.8
55.7
41.8
44.1
18.7
18.5
12.9
15.0
280.6
299.1!
47.4
50.5
51.7
56.5!
65.8J
67.3i
73.7J
79.1
17.91
19.3
71.1
76.5
38.0
41.2
33.1
35.3
179.8
189.2
22.4
23.4
88.0!
91.4
61.5|
66.1

i

1,343.1 1,338.5! 1,396.2! 1 ,402.4 1,401.3
39.2
40.0
39.8
39.7!
32.2
32.0J
31.5J
32.1 j
125.1
125.2! 130.7J 131.4!
42.7!
44.9
44.6i
43.1 j
70.6I
70.4!
74.0
73.7!
~ !
58.1;
57.9
61.0
60.5:
24.5!
24.81
25.1
24.6J
20.0!
19.6J
22.0
22.1!
396.5! 392.9| 411.5! 411.5
67.2;
66.6|
69.3J
69.3!
72.0!
71.0J
74.7J
76.3|
95.9|
95.5S
96.3 i
95.5
99.0!
97.9! 103.8
104.2!
25.6
25.41
27.0J
27.0
92.0
92.1
98.4
97.4
46.7
46.8
50.9j
50.5
45.3
45.3
47.5!
46.9
224.4
224.7! 235.6
238.8!
29.2
29.2J
30.5i
30.1
103.7
103.8
110.21
108.2
80.6
80.8
86.8
86.0

1

Dec.
1994p

Nov.
1994

!

544.8!
180.4!
131.7
19.0l
106.0 j
67.5
4.5
22.11
30.1
17.5
125.0]
17.3!
16.11
55.11
71.5J
20.8'
I
! ,053.8 j
33.4!
27.21
99.5!
34.8 j
56.11
44.6!
19.11
14.9
299.31
51.0!
55.0
68.11
79.5!
19.1 ]
77.3 i
41.6;
35.7)
192.0J
23.7!
93.2I
66.7

See footnotes at end of table.




65

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products ..
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

1987
SIC
Code

347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee .

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

Electronic and other electrical equipment...
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus .
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators .
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers .
Household laundry equipment .
Electric housewares and fans

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
[3625
363
3632
3633
|3634

See footnotes at end of table.

66




35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

All employees
Dec.
1993

117.2!
73.2!
44.0!
56.2:
33.3;
233.6:
24.8;
54.0

Jan.
1994

116.81
72.91
43.9J
55.5|
32.7!
233.61
24.8!
53.7i

Nov.
1994

122.7
75.9
46.8
53.5i
30.7!
244.6!
25.2 ;
55.9|

Production workers'

Dec.
1994p

Jan.
1995p

122.9
76.1!
46.8:
53.5;
30.8,
245.7:
25.4
56.1 :

Dec.
1993

91.5
56.9:
34.6!
31.31
16.2!
170.21
18.4;
41.1'

Jan.
1994

91.0
56.5
34.5
31.0
16.0
170.0
18.4
40.8:

Nov.
1994

96.2
59.4.
36.8
30.1
14.5
181.0
18.9
43.0

Dec.
1994"

Jan.
1995'

96.3
59.4
36.9
30.1
14.5
181.3
19.1
43.1

1,919.8; 1,922.8; 1,960.9 1,969.3 1,977.7: 1,175.8! 1,181.2 1,227.4 1,235.5 1,241.5
55.7!
88.2
88.8
88.2,
88.8;
55.8
56.5.
56.2
16.6!
27.3
28.4!
27.6!
28.5J
16.7
15.8
16.1;
39.11 39.1
60.9
60.4!
60.6!
60.3!
40.4
40.4;
73.6;
100.7; 102.3; 103.5: 104.5
75.2
77.5
76.4;
52.8,
76.7
75.0;
53.6
55.4
76.8
74.2;
55.5;
210.6' 210.8| 208.9' 210.1
131.2; 131.3
133.9! 135.5
75.3
78.8J
50.2
78.4!
50.1'
74.5:
50.5
49.5:
15.5
14.6;
8.6
8.6.
9.2
15.4'
14.6;
9.2
35.4
38.0!
25.1
24.9;
23.8
35.8.
38.2!
24.0:
38.9
36.4!
20.5
20.6',
22.7
38.5.
36.4!
22.2
29.4
26.8,
17.6
17.7'
20.0
29.1!
26.7!
19.7
218.1
228.5
309.6 310.6! 322.8! 324.9
218.5
230.4
38.7
23.7
38.41
36.3'
22.2
22.1
23.8
36.5;
16.3
10.3
15.4;
9.7
10.5
16.2!
15.2;
9.5
111.6
111.7
146.6; 151.9! 152.8
146.1
116.5
115.6
:
51.6!
33.6
33.7
48.8
36.3
35.8
51.V
48.7'
23.9|
16.2
16.4
24.1
16.2
16.1
23.7:
23.9;
:
85.6
85.7
92.2
91.0
148.8! 156.1! 157.8;
149.0
10.4
10.3
10.3
10.1
15.5!
15.4
15.4
15.6:
10.8
10.7
11.4
11.1:
21.0;
20.5
20.7.
20.5!
13.7
13.9
14.8
14.6
23.9,
22.8
23.6
22.8!
244.7!
243.4
235.5; 235.4
148.9
149.0
157.0
156.3
30.1.
29.9
16.5
16.4
30.1
16.8
16.9
30.1'
37.1;
36.4
28.7
28.7
29.4
29.437.1'
36.5 :
26.3'
25.3
13.4
13.6
14.9
14.8
26.3
25.3;
34.1
32.6
22.1
21.9
23.1
23.2
34.0!
32.7;
:
15.6
15.4
10.8
10.7
11.0
10.8
15.5|
15.4!
20.4.
19.3
12.8
12.9
13.7
13.6
20.2;
19.2:
115.7
114.4
118.1' 114.3
345.9' 345.1
330.3; 328.7;
202.1
52.2
52.7
52.6
54.4
201.8
186.7, 185.7
52.0'
179.6
122.1
300.1
20.8
236.8

52.1
181.3
123.6
299.7
21.2
236.1

52.5,
194.4
132.7313.3'
22.5:
246.7

!
52.5!
194.7!
132.6;
315.7!
22.8!
248.5!

1,528.7 1,522.1 1,580.7 1,587.3' 1,581.6;
80.4
80.4,
80.3
79.9;
- !
40.6
40.2
40.6
40.1.
- !
39.8
39.7
40.2
39.8!
- !
160.8
155.8
155.5
161.5'
- ;
80.1!
76.9
76.9
80.7
- ■
60.71 60.8:
59.8
59.7
- !
:
122.4
119.5
126.7| 126.1
29.5
29.9;
- :
28.6
30.0!
16.3
18.11
- ,
16.3
18.0;
29.1
29.7!
27.1
30.6

19.3
138.0
98.8
232.5
18.3:
187.7 :

21.7
126.7
90.3
220.3
16.9
178.6

22.0 :
127.4:
91.0:
220.2'
17.2
178.2

981.5
56.2
29.2
27.0
108.6
59.3
35.7
98.9
25.7
12.8
23.1

974.5 1,025.1 1,031.2 1,024.1
56.4
56.9
56.1
29.7
29.9
29.3
26.7
27.0
26.8:
114.2
108.5
113.5
63.1
62.7
59.3
36.4
36.1
35.5
96.6
104.2
104.3
26.3
24.8
26.3
15.7
13.1 i
15.5
23.6
21.2'
24.4

19.3
138.0
98.5
234.3
18.5
189.2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1987
SIC
Code

j
;364
J3641
|3643
J3644
|3645
;365
;3651
.366
;3661
j367
13671
j 3674
J3679
J369
;3691
|3694

Production workers1

All employees
"T
Jan.
Die.
1994
1993

173.6
21.7
62.2
19.2
19.3
84.5
60.2
234.3
107.0
524.5
24.2
216.2
126.2
153.5
26.3
67.3

173.7
21.6
62.6
19.2
19.1
84.1
59.8
232.8
106.1,
523.6]
24.5|
215.7|
126.8J
152.3/
26.0
67.2

Nov.
1994

181.9
23.1
65.1
20.0
19.6
89.6
61.9
238.6
107.8
547.5
24.7i
228.8
128.2
155.2
26.6
69.2

Dec.
1994"

Jan.
1995p

183.6
23.5
65.4
20.1
19.7
90.8
62.9
239.4!
108.21
550.6I
24.9;
229.7'
128.8;
155.41
26.6
69.8

Dec.
1993

125.8:
17.1;
41.9;
13.9'
14.7J
56.4!
38.4|
120.5!
59.0!
306.9;
16.4!
91.8J
82.0!
108.2!
20.3;
52.2I

Jan.
1994

125.8
17.0
42.1
14.0
14.6
55.7
37.7
119.2
58.2
305.3
16.5
91.0
82.2
107.3
20.1
52.1

Nov.
1994

131.8:
17.6,
44.0;
14.9;
14.8i
60.81
39.8j
122.0!
59.3;
325.9;
16.3;
101.1;
85.5:
109.9;
20.8;
53.7

Dec.
1994"

Jan.
1995p

133.3
18.0
44.2
15.1
14.9
62.1
40.7
122.5
59.7
329.2
16.6
102.2
86.2
109.3
20.8
53.3

1,734.1 1,725.2 1,749.6 1,755.3 1,740.2 1,112.7! 1,112.5 1,155.2 1,162.3! 1,148.7
;
712.1
719.4! 709.1
922.8
860.1 j 860.1
915.7
916.2 658.2 660.4
235.5; 236.3
256.0
259.0!
353.8
333.3! 331.9 351.1
30.0;
30.6;
28.3
27.9!
37.8
35.5
37.2
35.0i
384.3 i 387.3:
355.5. 356.3
443.1' 443.5 476.0 479.0
26.8!
27.2:
25.5
25.5'
33.2
31.5
32.6
31.2
214.5; 214.2!
464.6
502.9
466.3
509.8
458.2! 234.0; 232.0
103.8; 102.9!
114.8J 113.7
282.7
262.81 260.7
286.8
49.4
46.0!
46.3!
49.8|
92.5
92.1
102.6
100.9
64.7;
65.0i
68.9
69.4|
111.4
111.4
120.4
119.3
124.5: 125.0;.
120.5! 120.2
161.5
161.0
155.3
154.9
78.9:
79.1;
82.5
83.0|
107.1
106.9
109.5
109.2
45.6
45.9!
37.7
37.5;
54.4
54.1
45.8
45.7
25.7
25.8!
23.1
23.0;
33.8
33.7
30.9
31.0
30.3
30.2!
32.5
32.8|
105.3
105.8
114.9
113.2
19.8
19.7!
21.1
21.4!
75.2
75.5
81.9
80.5
34.8
34.5!
31.3
30.9;
48.9
48.9
45.5
45.8
18.6:
18.9!
16.4
16.2!
22.5
22.2
19.8
20.0
" I

Transportation equipment...
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

;37
;371
j3711
13713
J3714
'3715
'372
;3721
;3724
I3728
'373
3731
3732
I374
'376
;3761
|379
;3792

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

,38
1381
!382
;3822
;3823
3825
;384
13841
J3842
385
j386
'387

874.11
194.51
276.41
42.0|
58.6!
70.3J
267.8
111.6
94.2
38.8
88.1
8.5

869.2
191.8
276.3
42.2
58.9
70.5
267.1
110.8
94.8
38.5
87.1
8.4

846.7
173.3
277.9
44.1
58.1
69.6
264.1
108.3
94.8
36.4
86.1
8.9

845.1
172.5
278.7
44.1
58.3!
69.5;
264.1 i
108.1
94.8
36.6
84.4
8.8

839.5

427.5!
61 4i
140.8!
27.5!
27.5'
33.1 i
154.4!
66.9J
59.6|
26.01
38.1
6.8

425.5
60.0
140.6
27.5
27.8
33.1
154.4
67.0
59.7
26.0
37.7!
6.8;

415.1,
52.9;
142.3!
29.1!
27.6!
32.0!
151.2:
64.6!
60.0:
23.7
37.8;
7.2:

415.4!
52.6;
143.3;
29.3!
27.9
31.9
151.5;
64.7!
60.1!
23.8J
37.1!
7.1!

414.4

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and piated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

]39
]391
[3911
J393
;394
[3942,4
;3949
{395
|396
:3961
|399
i3993

373.4
51.7
38.6
13.3
108.4
42.5
65.9
32.8
28.9
18.0
138.3
57.7

368.4
50.6
37.6
13.3
107.0
41.2
65.8
32.5
28.5
17.6
136.5
57.4

388.1
53.4
40.5
14.0
113.8
44.5
69.3
31.41
29.7|
18.6;
145.8|
60.2J

381.4
52.2
39.2
13.9!
112.l!
43.0J
69.1!
31.7;
28.6|
17.3;
142.9:
60.3;

375.9

266.2
37.0
27.5
10.8
76.7
28.9
47.8
21.9
22.1
13.5|
97.7J
39.0!

261.11
35.7;
26.3!
10.7 :
75.3!
27.5!
47.8;
21.8!
21.5
12.9:
96.1
38.7:

276.7
37.4
28.2!
11.3.
81.6;
30.11
51.5|
21.0'
21.21
13.01
104.2;
40.7!

269.
36
26.
11
79
28
51
21
20
11
101
40.

265.5

See footnotes at end of table.




67

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Production workers1
Industry

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

J20

Tobacco products .
Cigarettes
Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning milis
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

J2254
J2257
J226
;2261
;2262
|227
J228
-2281
|2282
229

Apparel and other textile products .
Men's and boys' suits and coats .
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
|232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
J2337
'2339

See footnotes at end of table.

68




774.8

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Production workers1

All employees
Industry

Dec.
1993

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments ....
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses .
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated .
Envelopes

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994 p

|
1234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

53.2
41.2
12.0
46.7
20.1
39.6
205.4
21.8
51.6
52.6

52.0
40.2
11.8
45.8
19.8
39.0
202.9
21.4
51.2
52.2

53.7
41.2
12.5
45.1
18.8
40.2
210.5
22.1
52.0
55.4

53.6
41.0
12.6
44.7
18.8
38.6
210.3
22.0
51.6
55.7

26
262
263
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

685.1
168.3
50.6
212.4
124.3
16.4
48.5
240.8
46.1
37.9
23.9

681.8
168.5
50.5
211.4
124.6
16.4
48.1
238.4
45.7
37.6
23.9

685.2
164.3
49.2
216.6
128.8
15.9
48.9
242.2
45.9
38.6
23.5

685.6
164.7
49.5
216.7
129.1
15.7
49.1
241.7
45.9
38.7
23.7

Jan.
1995p

Dec.
1993

167.71
17.4
43.9
42.6

43.0
34.5
8.5
38.9
16.9
31.3
164.6
16.9
43.3
42.2

44.8
35.8
9.0
38.3
16.0
32.8
172.6
17.7
44.4
45.2

516.8
128.2
38.7
165.9
94.0
14.4
39.2
174.0
22.2
28.5
18.7

514.0]
128.8;
38.9;
164.9i
94.1;
14.5;
38.9:
171.5
21.8J
28.o!
18.7;

520.1
126.6
37.9
169.7
97.4
14.0
40.0
176.0
21.9
28.8
18.4

44.1
35.5;
8.6!
39.41
16.8!

31.9J

684.2

Dec.
1994p

Jan.
Nov.
1994 | 1994

i
Printing and publishing
„w
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

|27
271
|272
J273
J2731
|2732
|274
|275
I2752
I2759
J276
278
279

1,523.1 1.516.9J 1,542.4 1,551.2 1,543.0!
454.4
450.5, 456.4
|
458.3
128.0
130.9
131.8
128.3
123.2
127.1
121.6; 123.5
85.0
86.9
83.31
84.6
38.2
40.2
38.31
38.9
78.6
78.4
79.4!
79.9
556.2
542.0
539.8
558.6
361.4
351.7
362.7
353.0
174.3
168.3
175.6
168.9
44.7
47.0
45.0
47.0
69.2
66.7
69.6
67.9
55.3
55.1
54.8
55.4

839.6
158.8
44.0
65.0
33.8
31.2
38.2
392.0
254.0
121.7
33.6
51.6
39.9

835.0!
156.0!
43.5!
66.9|
35.3;
31.6!
38.8!
390.5.'
253.3!
121.2:
33.5 :
50.5!
39.7!

845.9
158.2
42.2
64.3
33.5
30.8:
37.0:
403.3
260.2
126.3
31.6
53.1
39.8

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations .
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

575.4!
57.4;
38.2;
107.1
50.3
37.8
120.1
100.9
96.6
27.0
25.1
44.5
29.8
80.1
14.8
63.3
31.4
52.9

571.2;
57.3 j
38.2!
107.2|
50.4!
37.6'
118.6;
99.7|
94.8;
25.8!
25.1;
43.9'
29.9!
79.5!
14.8!
62.7!
31.6i
52.3J

572.2
56.1
36.7
105.1
50.1
37.1
122.0
102.6
93.1
24.1
26.0
43.0
30.4 j
79.81
15.1
62.8|
31.9j
53.8 j

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials .

29
291
295

93.9
69.8
17.7

91.5

97.2
70.2'
20.4 i

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

j30
i301
302
J305
;3052
i306
|308

1,069.2 1,059.1! 1,045.2! 1,045.5 1,043.0
132.1, 131.41 129.41 129.3
84.9i
84.4
82.9
83.01
162.7J 161.5J 155.5; 155.51
79.4 j
79.3!
78.8 j
78.4 j
50.0 j
55.4 j
54.5'
50.5
263.1 264.1;
266.5 J 264.4
215.5!
218.5' 216.4
214.6
150.7
156.41 153.0
150.9
41.9
44.9'
43.6
41.8
44.5
43.3
43.3
44.5
64.3
68.2
66.1
64.6
57.7
57.3
57.1
58.0
146.3
142.9
148.0
143.0
26.2
25.9
25.9
26.2
114.1
119.4
117.7; 114.2
55.0
55.3
55.1
55.2J
90.3
90.9
90.3
90.11
i
146.8
144.0; 149.4| 147.1
144.7
110.2
109.5J 110.0! 110.4
24.2!
22.1!
24.2
27.0!
i
i
910.3J 910.4
953.4J 954.0
957.8
81.2;
80.3
76.3!
77.3
10.2
10.2'
10.8
10.81
61.4
60.9!
65.5!
65.2
24.1
24.0'
25.9i
25.4
103.5
102.8
106.9| 107.0
655.0
655.2
693.91 693.7
-

i
69.51
15.71

69.6
17.5

i

704.3
58.7 i
8.4
46.2
18.8 j
77.6i
513.4!

705.31
58.6i
8.2J
46.5!
18.9!
78.4!
513.6;

742.2
54.4'
8.5;
50.4i
20.4:
82.2
546.7 j

743.9
55.3j
8.4
50.3
20.0
82.61
547.3

See footnotes at end of table.




69

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Nondurable goods—Continued
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic ....
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .

All employees

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Dec.
1993

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation .
Railroad transportation .
Class I railroads2
Local and interurban passenger transit .
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity and rural bus transportation ..
School buses
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air.
Public warehousing and storage

140
4011

L

.1411
.1412
.|413
,.|415

Dec. i Jan. ' Nov. i Dec.
1994 ; 1994 i 1994p
1993

Dec. | Jan.
1994 p | 1995 p

Nov.
1994

116.9
15.3
63.0
31.1
21.61
10.3i
12.1

115.5
15.1
62.1
30.5
21.3
10.2
12.0

114.2.
14.4:
59.0;
28.4.
19.3i
11.31
12.7!

113.7J
14.8|
58.7!
28.6!
19.3|
11.1;
12.4'

113.4:

5,847

5,730

5,932:

5,970'

5,864!

;

i

3,668

3,559

3,756;

3,795!

3,703)

246.8
214.5

242.3
210.7

247.7'
215.9

245.8
214.2

240.0!

391.5|
173.5!
30.11
21.9J
137.9i

386.9
172.7
29.9
22.0
136.0

409.4:
179.7:
30.9:
22.5
146.9';

411.4
181.0
31.2
22.1
148.5

408.2:

92.9!
12.6!
51.51
24.0i
18.6!
7.6|
8.3!
4,890

91.8:
12.4!
50.9;
23.5;
18.5;
7.6:
8.1.
4,785!

90.4!
11.8,
48.4!
22.2!
16.2|
8.7;
8.7;
4,972

421
422

162.8:
12.8!
104.5,

44
444
449

157.6
12.2
100.4

162.7;
11.6;
108.1'

162.3
11.6:
108.1:

90.1

5,005

4,898

359.6!
157.6!

355.3!
156.8:

376.6;
162.9:

379.3
164.5

19.4|

19.5

20.2!

20.0

89.0

92.3

96.2

734.8
605.9
491.2
98.3

732.9
601.8;
473.6 :
99.5:

739.6
605.5
474.4
101.8

737.0!

Pipelines, except natural gas

[46

17.7

17.7'

17.5!

17.2!

14.0;

13.71

13.8;

13.6

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement.
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

357.0
187.4
152.9
137.3

374.6
194.6;
159.1'
145.5 ;

377.0,
194.2!
158.9!
147.9;

379.2;

1472
4724
473

!
18.0:
i
;
J 357.8!
| 187.01
! 152.6:
j 136.9:

281.2!
148.2!
119.9
105.2|

280.5
148.3
120.1;
105.7;

297.2!
155.7
126.3:
113.4:

299.6
155.6
126.7
115.5

2,171

2,176 :

953.1
632.2:
583.9!
192.0!

950.41
629.8 j
579.5!
192.2;

974.2
642.7'
585.3
199.5'

973.8
639.4
581.1
200.9

115.5;

115.2-

119.4

120.8

;

Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio .
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting stations
Television broadcasting stations
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
4813
483
4832
4833
484

Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

!
Wholesale trade

i

-

|
2,175 ;

927.3
419.9
159.8
185.6
131.9

910.9;
410.6:
157.5:
178.1 i
134.5

5,977,

5,939

6,136 = 6,132

3,420.
456.3;
114.2!
272.0:
144.2;
65.9;
78.3

3,405
455.5
114.7
270.8
143.0
65.8
77.2

3,496
477.6
120.7'
283.1
153.3.
69.8
83.5

909.3'
410.0;
157.6;
177.2.
134.3:

See footnotes at end of table.

70




[50
|501
j5012
J5013
|502
15021
15023

3,503
479.8;
121.6,
284.11
154.51
70.5!
84.0j

-

902.11

733.8
329.2'
124.01
141.4'
115.5;

730.8
327.5'
124.1
141.8.
113.9;

718.0!
320.8!
122.0;
136.5'
115.1;

716.4
320.3
121.9
135.7
114.9

_
_
-

6,095j

4,823

4,782!

4,958:

4,956

4,922

3,494 j

2735!
368.6!

2,719!
367.4 i

2,800
386.8;

2,809
390.3

_

i

Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Motor vehicle supplies and new parts
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings

_
"

2,161

| 1,247.8 1,243.2 1,265.1 1,265.5! 1,258.7!
862.9
860.6
j 856.5: 852.4
781.2,
; 791.3 785.6| 784.7
237.5' 239.4 i
! 230.0 229.7
:
112.2
114.4
115.2|
112.7
:
123.1: 124.2!
117.3 117.5
136.9
142.0
143.5;
137.2
930.9!
421.6;
159.5;
185.6'
133.9

"

_

740.3I
610.7'
494.4!
99.4!

!

-

95.2

I

!
!

2,179

-

161.3!

45
451
4512
458

Communications and public utilities .

-

_

Transportation by air
Air transportation, scheduled
Air transportation, scheduled
Airports, flying fields, and services .

1

Jan.
1995p

90.4
12.3
48.4
22.5
16.3
8.5
8.4

1,750.5! 1,663.0 1,810.5: 1,841.4; 1,760.1; 1,518.0! 1,438.6' 1,575.2 1,601.6
- ; 1,404.6 1,327.9 1,451.3! 1,481.2
1,615.91 1,531.0 1,664.4: 1,698.3;
141.1: 138.0'
- ; 109.4; 106.7; 119.4! 115.8
130.2: 127.6

..J42

Water transportation
Water transportation of freight, nee .
Water transportation services

Jan.
1994

Production workers'

-

!
115.1

113.0:

121.7.

122.9

_

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Lumber and other construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Professional and commercial equipment
Office equipment
Computers, peripherals and software
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, television and radio sets
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Construction and mining machinery
Farm and garden machinery
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
Scrap and waste materials

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Nov. | Dec.
1994 | 1994p

Dec. | Jan.
1993 ! 1994

J503
15031
|5039
i504
;5044
I5045
J5047
;505
J506
J5063
|5064
j5065
I507
J5072
|5074
J508
|5082
I5083
J5084
|5085
J509
J5093

221.5
116.6
36.2
741.6
185.0
259.6
162.9
132.9
444.5
195.1
47.9
201.5
269.6
94.2
107.8
712.8
72.6
108.6
289.8
134.6
296.7
108.0

151
j 511
J5112
|512
'513
J514
15141
;5147
j 5148
; 515
J516
1517
|5171
J5172
1518
15181
:5182
|519
|5191

2,557
248.9 j
136.9J
199.9!
203.8!

218.9
117.0
35.6
740.3
185.5
257.8
164.2
133.6
442.5
195.0
47.2
200.3
269.4
94.5
107.6!
708.91
107.7|
288.1
134.3
292.8
107.6

239.2
125.7
39.1
731.8
185.9
242.4
168.7
138.7
451.5
199.5
47.6
204.4
279.4
97.4
112.0
711.3
73.4
108.8
289.3!
133.6!
313.0i
116.8i

2,534
248.0
136.7
200.0
200.8
848.8
275.6
59.6
91.4
111.0
137.4
166.2
68.1
98.1
147.7
96.2
51.5
473.7
152.1

2,640!
265.7!
146.3!
200.7 i
209.3!
884.01
283.4!
63.4 j
96.6!
117.9!
134.3J
174.0
70.9
103.1
154.2
100.6
53.6
499.6
157.6

72.8J

Jan.
1995 p

238.2
125.8
39.2
734.4
186.0
242.7
170.0
138.7
453.1
200.4
47.6
205.1
280.1
97.6
112.4
710.3
73.4
107.9
288.7 j
133.5
314.2
117.6

Dec.
1993

Jan. ! Nov. ; Dec.
1994 ! 1994 ! 1994 p

180.3

177.7;

196.6!

195.3

599.7

598.3

586.2!

588.1

133.6
106.2
346.8

135.5
107.1
344.9

138.1!
111.5
354.4|

139.6
111.4
356.1

216.5

216.7

226.3 i

226.6

561.1

557.4

562.8

563.0

240.9

236.51

253.4!

254.8

2,088
203.1

2,063
202.9

2,158i
217.9;

2,147
219.1

166.3
160.5
720.1

164.9
158.1
709.9

164.3 j
165.0j
740.9!

164.6
161.4
738.7

92.5
104.8
134.1

89.9!
102.8
134.0

97.0!
102.01
141.1!

93.3
101.9!
141.6!

121.9

119.9

125.3!

126.0|

384.5

380.6

404.9!

400.3

18,081

17,203

653.2
387.7
52.0
127.6
63.4

628.0
380.9
50.1
124.3
50.6

!

-

!

-

i

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Stationery and office supplies
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wine and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
Farm supplies
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores .

857.51
275.6!
61.0|
92.8
113.9
139.7
166.6
68.2
98.4
149.8
97.3
52.5
477.2
151.2

2,629
267.1
147.3
201.1
206.2
881.4
284.1
64.0
93.5
114.7
134.2
173.9
71.1
102.8
154.9
100.9
54.0
495.2
155.8

2,601

- i

20,486! 19,586J 20,950! 21,297 20,390
J52
-521
523
525
526

792.4
463.1
66.5
155.4
79.1

765.5
455.8;
64.8|
151.61
65.3!
i

852.8
505.0
68.8
159.9
84.6

851.4
502.4
67.8
161.1
86.1

825.5

18,441! 18,774
710.4
429.6
53.4
131.7
68.4

709.8
426.8
52.9
133.0
70.0

53
531
533
539

2,703.3 2,462.6 2,730.4] 2,818.9 2,566.8 2,544.3; 2,302.6! 2,560.9 >,648.9
2,330.4 2,126.8 2,384.7| 2,454.8
2,209.01 2,003.7 2,253.3 >,323.5
144.7
160.9
141.5! 147.9
145.61 129.3
132.2
126.2
212.0
191.1
204.2J 216.2
189.7! 169.6
181.4
193.2

i 54
|541
J542
'545
I546

3,267.5 3,195.0 3,296.6! 3,341.0 3,268.9! 2,978.8 2,907.3 2,998.8 3,041.3
2,887.6 2,850.6 2,901.4; 2,927.2
| 2,645.8 2,610.112,658.3 2,682.7
53.0
48.5
56.2!
59.9
17.8
16.5
20.8!
22.4
173.4
181.4! 184.4
168.6
160.5
163.5
155.4
150.2

55
551

2,061.7i 2,055.4! 2,192.3 2,190.8 2,186.61 1,712.7 1,705.6! 1,822.7 1,821.1
937.1
I 781.1
939.5; 996.1
997.7
782.4! 830.0
831.1

i

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat and fish markets
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries
Automotive dealers and service stations .
New and used car dealers
See footnotes at end of table.




71

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Automotive dealers and service stations- -Continued
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

Production workers1

All employees
Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994p

Dec.
1993

Jan.
1995p

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994p

I
553
554
559

349.41
620.6!
6.0:

345.5
615.4
5.9

376.71
630.51
4.8i

377.5
631.9
4.9

276.6
532.6
5.1

300.2
544.3
4.1

942.6,
71.0!
290.0;
275.3!
165.8!

983.0 1,041.9!
75.2|
70.8
311.5!
294.2
324.3!
304.6
176.21
167.3

701.1:
382.11

775.0
422.2

794.2!
426.6!

59.0i
260.0]
113.4!
55.3;

60.0
292.8
132.2
58.9

61.4|
306.2!
137.2;
64.0 j

!

1,265.5i 1,152.1 1,195.8 1,258.4 i 1,156.7 1,051.4
87.4
76.7
88.2
94.0!
92.01
361.5
319.3
390.0; 360.0
379.9!
322.2
370.4J 322.0 355.1
376.2 i
212.8
176.1
223.2! 211.1
222.6;
I
955.1
885.1! 861.0
973.7
954.9
723.1!
519.7
476.4 j 469.1
388.5
523.2
310.2
283.0
284.0
312.4
73.7
72.6
74.41
60.6
75.1
361.7
334.31 319.3
274.0
375.4]
159.1
143.1 j 137.7
118.8
164.1 j
64.2
77.5
69.2
78.8!
82.7!

299.7;
542.81
4.1:

273.0!
527.7;
4.9;

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores .
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores
Eating and drinking places

! 57
i571
15712
!572
|573
5731
[5735
I
j 58

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods
Nonstore retailers
Catalog and mail-order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel dealers .
Retail stores, nee
Florists, tobacco stores, and newsstands .
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee

2,638.8 2,474.9 2,628.3 2,711.6 2,547.7 2,219.1 2,058.3: 2,199.3 2,277.8 i
59
505.6 496.1'■ 498.5 503.4;
602.7
603.5
594.4
j591
596.3
118.4
116.9
111.7
J592
116.7
79.6J
88.4 i
95.4
73.2
87.8
72.6|
78.6
j593
94.4
854.2
751.7
824.9 888.2!
1,000.0! 896.8
979.2 1,044.5
i594
180.0
200.7
186.9
192.7
5941
110.9
109.7
109.3
114.9
|5942
74.8
73.9
75.1
74.2
|5943
150.7
144.9
153.9
145.0
J5944
211.9
185.3
215.3
207.8
J5947
63.8
61.6J
60.5
61.8
I5949
296.1 267.1
297.4 293.7
|596
252.1
225.9! 254.9 250.9;
175.3
147.8
175.5; 172.7
,5961
71.6
72.9
73.3
72.1
|5962
103.6
103.0
101.2
85.4;
85.3
102.9
83.7
598
86.1;
373.4J
353.3
453.9
443.1
431.0 413.5
599
335.8! 363.5
135.6
155.5
146.0
146.9
5992,3,4
" I
61.0
48.2;
48.5
49.6
61.4
62.2
62.1
5995
50.1 j
173.1: 188.8
179.7
222.7 216.9
236.2
235.0
5999
189.4J

Finance, insurance, and real estate3 .
Finance .
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee
Savings institutions
Federal savings institutions
Savings institutions, except federal
Credit unions

|60
|602
|6022
|6021,9
,603
I6035
I6036
J606

6,871.2! 6,619.1 i 7,098.3 7,151.3! 6,883.2! 6,197.91 5,957.2; 6,391.3 6,438.6!

6,757|

6,713

6,766

6,776

6,735

3,249

3,241

3,238

3,243

3,233

61
614
615
616

471.9
129.2
81.1
242.9

477.2
128.5
81.5
248.2

461.0
137.6
79.5
222.8

458.1
139.5
79.2
218.0

458.1

Security and commodity brokers
Security brokers and dealers
Commodity contracts brokers, dealers, and
exchanges
Security and commodity services

i62
1621

484.6
370.2

486.0
372.1

509.8
389.0

511.3
390.1

511.9

23.9
90.5

24.1
89.8

28.5
92.3

28.8
92.4

!
Holding and other investment offices .
Holding offices
See footnotes at end of table.

72




67
671

4,880!

4,920

4,9251

| 2,063.6 2,051.9 2,029.5 2,033.0 2,025.4 1,490.2; 1,480.8; 1,459.7 1,462.4;
1,063.8| 1,057.6! 1,057.9 1,061.6!
I 1,494.8 1,487.2 1,492.4 1,497.0
441.9! 440.3! 447.3 448.9;
625.5
623.9
616.6 614.7
621.9; 617.3; 610.6 612.7:
871.5
868.5
878.2 872.5
258.2
297.6 293.0
260.2
158.8
156.7
139.5! 138.9
138.8
136.3
119.3
120.7
145.6
145.6
149.4
148.8
119.0;
116.11 116.0! 118.7

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers .

!622,3
;628

4,920

228.6:
103.3

226.0
102.9

237.6J
104.0!

240.4
105.8

237.6

356.9!
94.11

359.6!
93.9;

335.7
100.2

333.2
101.81

59.3 i

58.6

60.8

6O.61

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Production workers1
Industry

Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
Title insurance

'
63,64
.63
[631
|632
J6324
|633
1636

Insurance agents, brokers, and service
Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

,653
|655

Services .
Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services

i07
;074
|078

Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels and motels

i70
j 701

Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
Miscellaneous personal services

-726
j729

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Prepackaged software
Computer integrated systems design
Data processing and preparation
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
Photofinishing laboratories
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops

!73
1731
,7311
.732
J733
'7334
1734

J7372
'7373
'7374
[7375
[7378
J738

[753
,7532,4
|7538

See footnotes at end of table.




73

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(!n thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking—Continued
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes

All employees

; 1987
; SIC
i Code

Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Production workers

Dec.
1994"

i
|754
|7542

184.8
107.4

185.3
107.8

205.6
117.0;

204.8
116.6

Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops

|76
|762

368.2
112.8

368.5 j
113.3J

387.6;
118.41

386.3
119.3

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters
Video tape rental

i78
J781
'783
J784

438.1
171.9
110.8
139.5

432.0!
165.3;
110.7!
140.3J

529.3!
257.8!
110.1;
144.5:

541.6
260.5
115.1
148.9

Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

179
J793
;799
17991
;7997

I

Jan.
1995!)

Dec.
1993

157.3!
94.5!

157.6
94.5

175.7!
103.1!

174.5)
102.1'

384.9

296.8i

297.2'

314.9i

313.91

541.1

361.5'
137.1,

356.9!
131.6!

439.3;
213.4!

449.9
215.2

114.7!
i
992.8J
82.6!
681.l!
117.8!
224.2!

115.8

118.1:

122.0

i

1,145.8 1,100.5 1,146.1 1,149.7 1,109.8!
91.7
90.7i
90.6
92.4 j
786.8
798.9
781.8! 752.8
130.3". 131.7
130.5! 130.8
272.1: 268.3
259.8 j 227.7
i

Health services
;80
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
;801
Offices and clinics of dentists
!802
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners
i804
Offices and clinics of chiropractors and optometrists ...;8041,2
Nursing and personal care facilities
|805
Skilled nursing care facilities
|8051
Intermediate care facilities
|8052
Nursing and personal care, nee
|8059
Hospitals
|806
General medical and surgical hospitals
J8062
Psychiatric hospitals
|8063
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
|8069
Medical and dental laboratories
i807
Home health care services
|808
Legal services .
Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Vocational schools

i 8,897.5! 8,886.4
i 1.534.0J 1,533.9
I 576.3; 575.0
| 373.1I 370.8
! 159.2; 160.5
! 1,610.6; 1,606.5
; 1,153.6! 1,149.6
i 224.9| 225.4
;
232.11 231.5
' 3.785.2J 3,784.6
3.485.21 3,485.9
94.0
94.8!
205.2i 204.7
\ 197.5i 195.2!
I 495.1! 494.3S
932.1;

81
J82
i821
|822
1824

931.6

9,127.2
1,579.8.
602.4
402.4;
171.1;
1,650.5i
1,185.3!
230.8!
234.4
3,790.3'
3,493.3'
93.6
203.4.
206.9
557.3
946.7

9,153.1 9,132.0 7,881.4;
1,586.2
i 1,250.2;
606 7
! 503.7
405.4
j 309.2,
171.5
1,654.3
1,451.7;
1,187.3
231.6
201.9'
235.4:
- :
3,791.7; 3,792.7: 3,463.9 '
3,496.1;
- ;
92.9:
- ;
202.7!
- :
207.7!
- ;
562.7;
458.6!
948.3

:

946.2!

83
832
833
835
836
839

; 2,165.5! 2,153.5! 2,326.7. 2,336.0! 2.324.J
i 575.2! 570.1! 596.5: 600.7!
!
280.7J 278.0i 302.2
303.2\
; 524.5; 521.4; 579.2! 578.3;
! 589.3 j 590.3; 638.8! 642.7 j
195.8i 193.7; 210.0
211.11

Museums and botanical and zoological gardens

|84

I

Membership organizations
Business associations
Professional organizations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations .

86
861
862
863
864

Engineering and management services ...
Engineering and architectural services ..
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .

87
871
8711
8712
8713
872

74




747.7:

950.2; 994.8. 996.3
82.1 i
81.4;
81.3
653.2: 681.2. 692.0
117.8 ■ 116.6; 117.8
192.5! 235.6. 231.3
i
7,871.4! 8,073.5! 8,096.8'
1,252.8! 1,285.1- 1,291.6'
503.4! 525.8; 530.3!
305.6' 331.9:
334.5!
1,447.0 1,487.4!
1,490.8202.3! 207.4:
208.0J
3,462.4: 3,463.2
3,462.7!

457.9:

514.9;

i

!

747.3!

756.2;

520.3
757.5

1,804.1 1,683.5 1,912.0 1,870.4 1,736.9|
505.4; 503.1
524.6, 523.3
1,095.71 981.2 1,172.5: 1,133.0
73.5
79.8i
79.2
74.9:

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee

See footnotes at end of table.

Dec. ! Jan.
1994p j 1995p

Nov.
1994

Jan.
1994

i

I

I

75.01

70.4:

78.0:

77.9!

,873.9 1,860.9; 2,015.0; 2.023.7
499.1 493.8; 517.3
521.2
234.7
232.4; 255.2' 256.3
460.2
511.5: 510.6
462.9
514.9
514.7
554.9
558.7
162.3
159.8, 176.1: 176.9

73.4'

I 2,029.8' 2,007.6! 2,052.5 2,048.1! 2,023.0
104.7
104.9! 104.6
104.5
55.1!
i
54.1!
53.5
55.4!
133.3, 132.3,
140.3! 131.4
i 432.9! 421.2; 449.2; 449.2!
i
2,558.4! 2,539.3! 2,638.7! 2,647.3!
j 764.3
756.8! 804.1; 804.7'
j 598.6I 591.2' 628.3' 629.4!
! 114.81 115.6' 121.9
121.9:
53.4 j
50.0'
53.9!
i
50.9!
; 516.7' 521.8' 522.5! 529.6!

38.1!

629.1;
497.3;
89.4|
42.4!
372.9!

37.7;

39.1!

622.1 ■ 661.4'
491.0; 521.9'
89.5
94.8
44.7;
41.6
380.6 379.3

39.4;

662.11
522.8
95.2!

44.11
384.6:

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Services—Continued
Engineering and management services—Continued
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services

Dec.
1993

Production workers1

All employees
-JDec.
Nov.
Jan.
p
1994
1994 1994

Jan.
1995p

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Jan.
1994

Dec.
1994p

Jan.
1995p

I
I

!873
i8731
'8732
'8733
I874
-8741
J8742
'8743

576.0!
242.1'
108.1
144.3
701.4
263.5
233.0
31.4

565.6
239.9
104.0
141.5
695.1
258.3
230.4
33.5

40.5

40.0

19,239

18,861

2,918

2,877

583..21 582.0
236. 51 236.3
118.0
118.
145.5
145.
731.0
728.
271.9
269.
243.0
240.
33.0
33.

436.4
173.7
85.8
112.1
517.7
186.7
172.0
21.9

427.8
173.7
81.1
109.3
509.9
181.2
169.6
24.0

32.1

31.6

449.0
174.7
94.5
113.2
538.6
191.3
182.0
22.7

448.2
174.9
94.1
112.7
539.5
193.3
183.4
22.6

32.6

32.3

I

Services, nee
Government

|89
i
I
i

Federal Government4

i

Federal Government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Ship building and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

■
I
■
|
i
i
i
i

i
!
3731
!
'
I
;806

State government
Hospitals
I806
Education
;82
General administration, including executive, legislative, i
and judicial functions
'
State government, except education
|
Local government
I
Transportation and public utilities
j
Hospitals
'806
Education
i82
General administration, including executive, legislative, |
and judicial functions
i
Local government, except education
\

82.2
46.6

81.4
46.3

30.0
387.4
232.8

29.9
383.8
232.0

19,6181 19,491
I
2,837! 2,872

19,090
2,827

73.0 !
39.5;

72.1
39.0

i

27.0!
27.0 i
375.7! 373.6!
226.5 i 225.2 j
I
I
4,445j 4,720' 4,680
4,597
4,532
411.51 410.0i 402.3 i 402.0
1,955.1 j 1,801.8; 2,036.2| 1,997.0 1,848.4
1,746.1! 1,750.51 1,789.9' 1,790.7
2,642.0| 2,642.9J 2,683.6! 2,683.0 2,683.2
I
, 11,724i 11,539 12,061 i 11,939 11,731
1
452.6! 451.6
452.2; 452.7
690.7, 692.0
! 683.41 685.7
' 6,717.2! 6,555.0! 6,884.1: 6,872.4| 6,705.4
I 3,508.3! 3,486.31 3,658.3; 3,550.7!
! 5,007.2! 4,984.4 j 5,177.01 5,066.5; 5,025.3

' Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
'' Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
550,000,000 or more.
3
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
1
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to
civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and




41.7

2,853.3| 2,812.8 2,773.9:
806.41
844.9I 838.5
828.41
841.91 808.3
1.166.5J 1,166.0J 1,139.1!
36.8J
35.2'
37.3 i
27.6I
27.6|
27.6
I

i

Executive, by agency4
Department of Defense
Postal Service^
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial

41.0

41.0J

the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are subject to
revision.

75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-13. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Oct.
1993

1993

54,140

54,479

55,192

43,728

43,945

44,954

45,086

6,537

6,517

6,631

6,629

88

88

86

85

531

526

563

563

5,918

5,903

5,982

5,981

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment.
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,691
116
148
104
92
294
412
643
349
359
174

2,694
117
150
103
92
296
412
645
350
358
172

2,739

2,751

124
154
105
97
304
425
658
352
347
174

125
156
105
97
307
424
661
354
347
177

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

3,227
564
15
322
754
167
669
337
24
308
66

3,209
548
15
320
750
167
675
337
24
309
66

3,243

3,230

580
13
319
737
165
682
332
26
324
65

563
14
319
736
165
685
331
25
327
65

47,603

47,962

48,561

49,059

Transportation and public utilities .

1,714

1,717

1,728

1,737

Wholesale trade

1,834

1,839

1,874

1,885

10,510

10,712

10,840

10,847

4,255

4,269

4,280

4,263

Services

18,878

18,891

19,601

19,725

Government.
Federal

10,412
1,199
2,305
6,908

10,534
1,198
2,319
7,017

10,238
1,196
2,265
6,777

10,602
1,188
2,349
7,065

Industry

Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing .

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

State
Local

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are

76




Nov.

introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Mining

Construction

State and area
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

1,732.8
425.6
163.2
199.5
145.3
70.4

1,771.7
432.1
162.3
204.8
148.1
71.5

1,758.3
433.3
161.0
202.6
147.2
71.8

245.9
118.6

250.9
119.7

247.6
119.7

3.2

9.3
2.7

9.3
2.7

10.2
5.5

I
1.693.0 i
1,141.9 |
295.4 I

1,700.2
1,148.7
296.9

12.1
4.4
2.1

12.4
4.5
2.1

12.5
4.5
2.1

95.7
65.3
17.0

999.7
119.8
86.9
273.4
34.7

1.048.1
126.1
89.4
282.0
35.2

1,047.5
126.3
88.7
282.1
35.0

3.6

3.6

36.8
4.6
3.2
11.1
.9

12,052.2
173.5
255.5
3,737.0
119.8
869.8
1,122.8
744.0
559.6
105.8
942.7
916.1
788.4
142.3
145.8
152.4
138.9
225.3

12,043.3
173.8
255.1
3,700.4
121.6
874.0
1,126.3
752.8
567.2
105.5
935.1
906.1
783.2
141.9
149.5
155.1
141.4
225.7

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver

1,709.1
138.1
918.7

1,747.6
141.6
943.2

1,757.1
141.6
946.4

Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury

1,543.8
175.8
84.2
585.6
241.8
185.2
81.2

1,556.0
175.1
84.9
593.9
236.6
183.6 !
80.0 ;

1,554.9
175.1
85.4
590.4
235.9
185.0
79.9

Delaware
Wilmington-Newark .

353.4
273.6

362.2 I
279.2 j

362.0
278.9

18.3
13.9

District of Columbia .
Washington PMSA ...

668.6
2,340.1

667.5 |
2,363.4 |

665.7 ;
2,369.7 |

8.6
103.2

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater .
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton

5,729.2
138.5
563.1
135.6
102.8
449.3
155.5
168.7
921.5
668.6
137.6
212.7
135.2
925.1
381.1

Alabama
Birmingham ..
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery .
Tuscaloosa ..
Alaska
Anchorage.
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa .
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers .
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,622.5
1,092.4
282.7

I
|
i
'
!

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

10.5
3.1

(1)
(1)
(1)

5,938.2
144.2
579.8
140.7
107.6
461.4
161.7
j
174.6
|
937.7
707.4
!
|
141.3
221.2
j
'■
140.6
951.2
j
i
387.5

| 12,069.0
173.8
I
254.9
i
| 3,708.9 |
120.1 j
!
875.4 !
'
1,130.7 j
758.0 i
564.9 j
104.9 j
|
937.8
I
913.0
|
784.8
|
141.6
!
149.4
153.4
140.1
226.8

;
j
I
!
|
I
|
i
|
I
i
'
!

!

I

5,953.9
143.9
583.7
141.0
107.1
461.8
162.4
174.7
941.3
709.8
140.9
221.2
140.6
954.5
390.1

2

1

3.6

)

)

)
1.0

2

(2)

3.2
.9
1.4
.5
.3
.5
.6
.2

7.9I

(21)
(1)
()
o
o
(2)

(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
O
(2)

(2)
(22)
(2)
()

(2)
(22)
( )/

(2)
(2)
(2)

2.71

(2)'
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

7.9

83.6
5.5
44.6

15.5

8.4
.8

3.2
.9
1.3
.5
.3
.5
.6
.2
1.0
.5
.1
.4
2.0

)

(')

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

78.5
21.0
5.81
14.4
6.8
3.9

444.0
8.8
13.2
98.2
6.8
38.6
42.1
38.1
25.9
3.5
39.4
26.4
26.9
5.1
8.0
5.9
8.3
9.0

31.5
10.4
.7
6.7

.1
.5
2.0 i

15.7!

(2)
o1
()
(')1
(2)
()

1

31.6
10.3

3.2
.9
1.3
.5
.3
.5
.6
.2
1.0
.6
.1!
.4'
2.2|

(1)

10.2
3.1

(1)
(1)

(1)
O

34.1
11.1
.7
7.4

Dec.
1993

(1)
(1)
0

1.0

(1)

I
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc.
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

10.3
3.1

(1)
(1)
(1)

Dec.
1994P

■8!

46.9
4.9
2.8
18.3
8.8
4.6
2.6

296.3
7.6
32.3
11.3
3.5
24.2
7.2
8.1
38.9
34.7
9.3
9.6]
5.2 j
42.21
21.21

I

See footnotes at end of table.




77

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Dec.
1993
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

j
'■■
'
!
!

381.6
51.9
37.3
27.7
17.9
10.3

Alaska
Anchorage

!
I

11.3
1.8

Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson

i
!
!

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

I
I
\
i
'

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

—f-

387.6
52.8
38.4
27.6
17.9
10.6

85.3
30.0
3.2
11.1
6.0
2.3

85.4
29.5
3.3
11.0
6.0
2.2

85.4
29.5
3.3
11.0
6.0
2.2

11.1 !
1.7 I

9.5
1.9

22.0
12.1

22.3
12.4

22.3
12.4

175.5
134.3
24.9

184.3 |
139.5 j
28.3 |

184.4
139.6
28.6

78.2
55.3
11.2

79.4
56.3
11.2

80.1
57.0
11.3

401.9
271.0
65.4

415.1
282.0
67.6

244.9
32.9
25.6
33.3
7.1

257.5
34.7
27.7
35.3
7
-5

;
]
i
!
!

257.7
34.6
27.2
35.2
7.5

57.4
8.0
5.0
17.2
2.0

59.2
8.4
5.5
17.9
2.0

60.0
8.5
5.4
17.9
1.9

223.8
31.5
18.0
65.1
7.3

234.8
33.2
17.9
67.2
7.2

1,742.4
9.9
29.7
632.8
21.6
100.6
206.1
86.9
37.5
8.9
108.6
74.2
223.6
17.0
20.5
21.4
13.8
28.6

'
I
!
I
I
!
I
|
j
:
|
;
;

:
'

1,740.0
9.8
29.2
633.4
21.0
101.1
206.4
86.8
37.6
8.6
108.5
74.8
223.4
16.8
20.1
21.4
13.7
28.4

604.1
8.3
12.6
199.1
5.7
56.3
37.6
37.8
24.1
5.1
36.2
75.4
22.7
4.7
5.8
9.8 i
5.8 |
10.1

593.6
8.3
13.0
196.3
5.2
53.2
39.2
37.9
24.4
5.1
35.8
72.8
22.4
4.5
5.7
9.9
5.7
10.3

596.4
8.2
12.9
196.7
5.1
53.8
39.7
38.4
24.4
5.1
35.7
73.1
22.5
4.6
5.7
9.9
5.6
10.3

2,842.4
41.9
63.5
837.3
31.4
208.8
280.4
199.9
129.4
28.2
223.7
194.8
159.5
34.9
37.0
38.8
36.0
54.3

388.6
52.7
38.4
27.8
17.9
10.5

390.9
105.8
31.7
52.2
33.7
15.5
50.2 j
28.0 j

393.6
105.3
31.5
53.4
34.2
15.8

52.2
28.6

California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

\
j
!
\
;
;
!
-J
;
j

1,761.7
10.2
28.9
652.4
21.4
100.6
205.9
84.4
36.8
8.6
113.9
74.1
226.5
17.7
20.2
20.8
13.6
29.3

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

;
;
;

189.2
29.6
88.8

193.6 '
30.5 :
89.6 ;

193.3
30.4
89.8

106.3
3.6
75.3

104.2
3.6
72.2

105.4
3.6
72.9

422.2
29.4
228.9

435.7
31.2
237.6

Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford- Norwalk
Waterbury

I
!
■
!
I
j
I

290.3
43.3
20.8
97.3
42.2
29.3
17.4

283.8
42.3
20.5
94.9
40.3
28.2
17.8

j
i
|
]
;
j

283.2
42.3
20.7
94.4
40.3
28.3
17.9

70.3
7.3
2.8
24.2
16.1
8.5
3.5

69.2
7.0
2.8
25.1
15.7
8.5
3.4

69.5
7.0
2.8
25.2
15.8
8.5
3.4

335.4
39.2
22.3
123.9
49.9
43.7
16.7

331.9
38.0
21.5
125.3
48.9
42.3
16.6

'■

64.5
48.9

63.4 i
46.6 ;

62.9
46.2

15.0
13.1

15.6
13.7

15.5
13.6

77.9
56.5

79.3 l
57.2 j

14.0
93.7

14.3 |
97.0 ;

14.2
97.0

20.6
105.8

20.7
104.2

20.6
104.0

53.2
446.3

54.4 i
450.0 i

488.5
13.7
41.6
5.6
5.3
35.2
21.4
29.3
81.6
54.1
11.2
19.1
4.7
88.6
31.7

289.9
3.8
26.5
6.0
1.9
32.7
8.1
5.1
73.9
38.0
5.8
5.4
3.2
42.5
14.2

289.0
3.7
26.9
5.8
1.9
33.0
8.1
4.7
74.1
37.8
5.8
5.1
3.0
43.2
13.9

293.0
3.8
27.5
6.0
1.9
33.1
8.3
4.7
75.1
38.3
5.9
5.1
3.1
43.9
14.2

1,510.9
39.4
164.0
38.8
21.3
118.0 I
44.4
38.5
244.4
166.5
34.0
53.0
30.2
238.2
105.2

!
;

;

i

2,808.5
41.5
63.2
815.3
32.5
207.6
276.6
199.4
129.7
28.4
218.8
191.7
156.0 |
34.9
37.4
39.5
36.7
54.8

I

Delaware
Wilmington-Newark
District of Columbia
Washington PMSA
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
See footnotes at end of table.

78




\
■
|
j
|
!

484.8
13.0
41.2
5.5
5.1
34.5
19.7
28.5
81.7
52.1
11.3
18.1
4.5
87.8
30.8

487.6
13.7
41.8
5.8
5.3
35.1
21.0
29.0
81.2
54.1
11.2
19.0
4.8
88.4
31.6

'
:
;
j
;
'
■
!
■
j
j
j
j
'

1,529.9
40.1
164.4
39.7
22.2
118.2
44.7
40.3
243.4
171.4
34.9
52.2
31.1
237.6
103.0

i
;
!
I
!
!

!

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
a n d real estate

Services

Government

State a n d area
Nov.
1994

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1993

Dec.
1994P

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1993

Dec.
1994?

Dec.
1994P
- - ) - ■

Alabama
Birmingham ..
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery .
T u s c a l o o s a ..

76.4
31.0
4.5
8.4
8.4
2.2

76.8
31.3
4.4
8.4
8.3
2.3

77.2
31.3
4.4
8.4
8.3
2.3

365.1
115.1
41.3
52.9 |
35.3 |
11.1 !

372.7
119.0
38.6
54.6
36.1
11.2

Alaska
Anchorage..

11.3 i
6.9

11.3

11.2
6.8

55.5 |
31.0

57.0
31.7

102.5
82.6
12.1

460.2 |
317.2 i

Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa .
Tucson

101.5
81.2
12.6

82.4
12.2

83.4 j

372.1
118.9
38.0
54.7
36.2

j
i
i
I
i

11.1 |
57.0 ■'
31.7 j

481.1
331.3 j
86.9 |

485.2 ;
335.0 ,
87.5 !
230.1
22.7 |
21.6 j
76.1 |
8.1

344.5 j
67.7 j.
39.4 |

32.8 J
37.2 I
22.8 j

75.8 |
30.1 i
l
297.4 I

363.1
69.0
40.2
35.4
38.4
22.9

|
j
!
:
|
j

346.4
68.6
39.1
33.0
37.4
22.5

75.1
29.2

75.2
29.3

310.1
170.9
68.6

307.8
169.1
68.7

|
i
|
i
i

175.3
17.6

175.1

2,098.9 I

2,115.3
48.1
61.1
535.2
23.0
173.7
131.7
160.4
164.C
25.0
185.1
127.9
88.3
30.4

163.8 |

66.1 |

i

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers .
Fort Smith
Little R o c k - N o r t h Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los A n g e l e s - L o n g B e a c h
Modesto
Oakland
O r a n g e County
R i v e r s i d e - S a n Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
S a n Diego
San Francisco
San J o s e
Santa B a r b a r a - S a n t a M a r i a - L o m p o c ..
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

41.0
4.1
2.9
16.5
1.3

41.6
4.4
2.9
16.6

782.6
5.9
14.3

757.3
5.8
13.8
239.0
4.6
55.5

|
|
|
j

,3j

248.1
4.9
58.1
91.4
31.8

|
|
|
j
j
-

86.9 I
30.7 '
40.5
6.3
57.4
99.3
29.7
6.8

40.9
6.4
59.8
101.1

30.9
7.2
9.9
8.6
5.3
12.2

41.9
4.4
2.9
16.7
1.3

219.1
22.0
22.0
75.5
7.9

232.7
22.9
21.8
76.6

756.9
5.9

3,484.4
40.1

13.8
238.8
4.5
55.6
87.0
30.7
40.5
6.3

61.7
1,158.9
27.6
237.1
333.6

3,533.0
41.9
60.9
1,175.9
28.6

8.1 j

29.8
6.8

9.9
7.9;

143.4
27.5
287.4
313.0
233.8
42.6
38.8
35.3
34.7
64.2

313.7
235.4
42.5
40.6
35.4
36.0
65.0

:
;
!
;
;
I
|

110.7 j
5.0 '
73.7 j

479.8

490.2

38.9
260.0

39.6
273.8

136.4
11.0
4.1
74.8

449.4
51.4
21.1
155.2
78.5
62.1
23.8

465.8
52.4
22.0
162.2
76.7
62.1
22.5

465.8 j
52.3 |
22.1 j
161.2 !

94.9
76.6

138.2
10.8
3.9
79.3
14.7
19.9
4.2

136.0
10.9
4.0
74.8
14.6
20.4
4.1

Delaware
Wilmington-Newark .

35.7
30.9

37.7
32.4

i

i

District of Columbia .
W a s h i n g t o n PMSA ..

30.0
131.4

29.9
130.7 !

29.8 I
130.6

258.9 i
823.2 |

Florida
Daytona B e a c h
Fort Lauderdale
Fort M y e r s - C a p e Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
M e l b o u r n e - T i t u s v i l l e - P a l m Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
T a m p a - S t . Petersburg-Clearwater .
West Palm B e a c h - B o c a Raton

362.4
6.1
40.9

370.3
6.1
40.5
8.6

370.4
6.1
40.4
8.7
4.5
44.8
7.6
5.9
63.5
41.4
5.1
10.8
5.4
67.2
25.0

!
■
|
j
!

27.5 ■
289.1 |

109.4 j
5.0 !
73.6 ;

Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury

5.1
10.8
5.2
65.2
25.7

|
!
j
J
i
!
j
.
|

5.1 |
11.6 j

108.9
5.3

8.5
4.4
43.5
7.5
5.5
64.8 j
38.8 :

i
|
i
!
|
j
i
|
!
j

3,532.2
41.8
60.8
1,169.7
28.1
241.4
339.9
198.5
144.9

9.8
8.0
5.2
11.6 j

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver

71.6

|

|
'
:
]
'

239.6 !
340.7
197.6
143.5
27.8
289.2
312.1
235.0
42.4
40.5
35.6
36.7
65.3

192.3

57.1
99.3

|
;
!
|

4.5
44.6
7.6
5.9
63.5
41.0
5.1
10.7
5.4
67.2
25.2

|
i
j
i

14.6 |
20.5 |
4.2;

!

37.7 |
32.4 |

j
i
|
|
i
!
|
|
j
j

91.2 |
73.5 |

1,867.9
43.1
180.3
43.5
28.8
131.1
41.0
57.9
284.7
257.1
42.7
90.9
30.9
323.1
135.8

j
|
|
j
!
j
|

495.8 I
39.7 ]

173.1
16.7
9.3
54.7
8.2

47.2
60.6
535.6
22.0
167.1
130.9
158.4

■
I
::

!
j
j
!

153.6 i
26.2 |
181.8
130.7
87.9
29.1
25.5
33.1
34.8
44.0

i
|
i
j
i
!
i
!

17.5
9.4

9.4
56.0
8.2

56.1
8.1
|
j
j
|
j
j
!
|
'
|

2,112.5
48.2
61.5
538.7
22.7
171.8
132.0
161.1

160.2
25.1
185.0
128.6
88.4

|

29.8

26.1 :

26.1
33.7
33.6
43.4

34.7 I
33.6 i
42.9 j

303.4
25.8
141.1

308.9 !
26.1 |

62.6;
22.3 i

2125
18.9
10.5
87.4
31.6
17.1
13.0

219.3
19.4
10.9
90.0
31.8
17.4
12.6

94.6 ■
76.6 |

50.7
36.6

51.4 |
37.3 !

51.7
37.4

264.9 !
846.0 |

283.2
635.8

273.0 I
626.5 |

272.0
624.1

1,982.5 i
45.7 !

910.8
25.5
77.7
21.9
37.8
64.9
25.1
25.0
132.7
81.0
29.1
24.8
55.8

976.3
27.5
83.5
23.7
39.3
68.0
27.2
27.3
141.6
86.1
29.0
27.6
58.3

939.1
26.2
80.7
22.5
38.7
65.7
26.1
26.2
137.8
83.6
28.1
25.7
57.8

125.7
48.2

133.0
53.1

127.4
50.2

274.3 j
i

76.5

l

142.4 :
i
|
i
|
!
:
!
|

306.5
26.1
141.9
216.6
19.4
10.9
86.9
31.6
17.5
12.5

I

266.3 ,
845.0 j
1,966.4
45.6
190.7
44.9
30.7

!
i
!
!

,

137.1 :
42.9 I
59.0 i
294.3 !

277.8 |
44.7
96.5
32.5
338.5 ;
138.6 '

192.5
45.2
30.6
137.3

i
i
|
;

43.0
59.2
295.9
278.9

;
i
|
!

44.6 i
96.7 ;
32.5 i
341.9 !
140.3 I

See footnotes at e n d of table.




79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

3,198.5
52.3
61.4
1,692.2
190.1
102.6
135.5
121.0

3,340.6
53.3
64.4
1,776.2
192.1
104.6
138.2
123.0

3,351.4
53.7
62.9
1,783.4
192.5
104.8
138.6
123.3

Hawaii
Honolulu

543.4
418.7

536.8
412.2

542.0
415.6

Idaho
Boise City

451.0
163.3

472.7
173.1

471.2
172.9

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

5,411.1
71.8
94.0
3,754.5
167.1
54.7
39.3
152.9
157.6
106.9

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

2,643.6
60.7
108.4
142.3
244.6
246.2
741.6
51.2
86.5
60.5
123.3
66.6

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

1,301.1
102.6
249.5
49.5
61.8
60.4
66.7

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.

80




Dec.
1993

(2)

(11)

(21)
()
1.4
.5

1,331.8
105.4
253.0
49.8
63.5
61.3
67.6

1,157.1
40.6
95.8
250.6

1,184.3
41.4
96.8
252.5

1,176.3 i
41.1 j
96.1 j
251.1

1,550.7
242.6
502.4
39.1

1,607.4
250.2
512.6
40.4

1,607.3
250.0
513.5
40.5

1,657.7
50.3
258.4
60.9
138.5
74.4
62.8
577.4
155.6

1,730.3
51.2
266.3
61.8
140.2
74.9
63.2
582.5
160.2

1,733.2
51.3
266.9
61.7
140.6
75.4
63.3
584.1
159.7

525.5
41.2
129.2

538.9
42.1
129.9

H
o
(1)

(1)
2.4

(1)
(1)

(1)

2.2

(')'
(')
(')1
()

V)'

(')
0

()
6.2

I
j
:
!
|
!
!
!
!

V)
V)

(1)

!
I

(11)
()
(1)

j

V) I

D

o
(')
(')
(')

O

i

(')

i

(1)
o

(')1
(1)
()

.5

D
0

146.9
2.5
1.8
86.9
10.6
4.1
4.8
6.0

1457
2.5
1.8
86.1
10.7
4.1
4.9
5.8

30.9
23.4

29.4
21.7

28.9
21.1

25.5
10.8

30.7

28.8
12.8

198.7J
2.3 j
2.7!
135.3J
7.8|
2.9|
1.8|

214.41
2.3l
2.9!
148.5!

1 3

o

|
!
!

0
(1)
o

i

O

D

123.3
2.8
3.6
9.2
10.9
14.5
36.5
1.2
3.0
2.1
6.5
3.0

10.01
1.51
2.0!
2.21
2.1'

53.6i
5.8
11.3
1.8
2.0
2.5
2.5

46.8
5.5
9.4
1.7
2.0
2.2
2.4

53.6
1.5
3.8
12.6

50.6
1.3
3.4
12.2

5.01

i
i
6.8J

i

129.1
2.8
3.7
9.7!
11.6!
15.3'
37.2
1.2
3.2l
2.2
7.1
3.3

118.7
2.6
3.8
7.7
11.1
14.4
36.2
1.1
3.0

46.81

2.1

1

3.1 i
2.0
7.9
6.2
4.5

7.0
3.0

.3

-

200.2
2.1
2.7
142.4
7.5
2.9
1.9
7.2
5.8
4.2

2.41

()

2.3;

0
(11)
()

V)

1.5

D1
.3

2.0 i

6.01

Dec.
1994P

132.5
2.3
1.8
71.9
10.7
4.3
4.2
5.7

5.7!
4.2|

O

(')
(')

Nov.
1994

7.21

V)

(1)
(')

536.0 i
42.0 :
129.9 !

6.2 i

1-5i

.4

|
j
j
[
|

0
0
0

V)

(')

2.2

V)

o
o
o

o1

i

(11)
()
n1 ' 2.1
()

V)
V)

V)

Dec.
1993

(1)

O

()

1,338.3
105.5
256.2
50.1
63.4
61.6
68.1

I
I
'

(2)
C)

o
o

5,496.2
73.3
93.4
3,840.0
171.6
52.1
40.0
148.9
162.9
109.0

|
|

Dec.
1994p

1.4:
.5!

5,497.3
73.4
94.3
3,836.9
172.5
52.3
39.7
149.1
162.2
109.0 I
i
2,688.4 j
62.6 I
112.9 |
141.1 i
254.1
251.8
756.8
51.5
90.0
61.3
127.5
66.2

2,682.8
62.4
112.8
139.8
253.6
250.7
759.3
52.0
90.7
61.0
126.8
66.2

7.5:

O

Nov.
1994

8.41

1.6

1.7|

47.7
1.6
3.5
12.0

26.8
.2
.6
.5

28.9
.2
.6
.5

29.1
.2
.6
.5

70.4
10.8
24.3
2.3

73.9
12.5
25.5
2.3

70.8
11.9
25.0
2.3

45.8
.1
.9
5.1
11.6
1.4
.3
14.1
3.0

46.7
.2
.9
5.2
11.4
1.4
.3
13.7
3.2

46.7
.2
.9
5.1
11.4
1.4
.3
13.8;
3.2|

98.6!
3.2
31.3
3.1
7.0
7.8
3.1
26.51
9.0'

109.5
3.4
31.7
2.8
7.2
7.7
3.2
24.1
8.2

109.5
3.2
32.3
2.8
7.0
7.7
3.2
23.9
8.1

.1'"

21.4!
1.6;
5.3'

23.2!
1.8!
5.6I

22.3
1.8
5.4

0
1.6

(2)
(2)

(')
(')

(22)
()

8.8

o

V)

.11

(22)
()

,

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Dec.
1993

Dec.
1994P

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

39.7
32.5

134.5
101.3

132.4
99.9

21.7
7.5

21.8
7.6

115.0
39.3

120.4
40.8

315.0
2.9
2.5
228.2
7.9
5.2
1.9
7.8
6.8
5.2

319.0
3.0
2.7
232.5
8.4
5.1
1.9
8.2
7.2
5.2

318.7
3.0
2.7
232.4
8.3
5.1
1.9
8.2
7.4
5.1

1,283.9
16.6
20.8
896.1
48.0
12.5
10.0
37.1
33.7
22.2

136.0
1.7
2.9
6.8
16.1
16.7
42.6
1.3
2.3
5.3
5.3
2.7

136.9
1.8
3.2
6.5
15.4
16.3
42.6
1.2
2.4
5.4
5.4
2.6

135.1
1.8
3.1
6.5
14.0
16.1
42.6
1.2
2.4
5.3
5.3
2.6

630.9
14.3
20.3
35.7
56.7
58.9
196.0
10.7
17.3
13.0
30.7
19.5

58.8
5.9
12.4
1.9
1.8
3.5
I
I
70.6 I
1.2 i
6.9 I
11.4

326.9
23.7
65.4
11.6
11.7
15.6
16.4

281.2 !
10.2 i
21.4 j
58.4

282.1
10.1
21.2
58.2

85.8
9.3 |
35.6 I
2.0 !

368.8
56.3
121.8
10.3

380.6
56.8
126.6
10.7

389.1
11.3
57.2
14.9
35.2
16.7
15.7 |
141.8 i
37.2 i

400.2 !
11.3
59.3
15.5
35.8
16.6
15.8
142.9
37.6

132.8
11.6
40.6

139.7
11.0
41.0

206.9
3.1
1.7
139.1
5.4
3.4
5.1
9.7

17.0
12.9

16.8
12.8

40.1
32.9

39.5
32.3

71.0
29.7

73.1
32.2

72.6
31.8

21.6
7.5

Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

941.5
7.4
10.3
641.1
28.4
12.8
6.9
31.2
49.8
4.1

935.7
8.4
10.2
643.9
28.9 I

936.0
8.4
10.3
644.0
28.9
9.9
6.9
24.4
51.3
4.3

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

642.3
8.7
54.9
32.1
67.1
52.6
125.0
20.7
17.7
11.0
21.7
12.8

658.9
9.1
58.9
30.4
71.6
53.5
125.7
21.1
20.0
11.3
22.5
13.3

660.9
9.1
58.5
30.3
71.0
53.2
126.7
21.3
20.0
11.3
22.6
13.4

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

238.9
21.0
25.3
12.7
4.2
12.0
14.2

246.4
21.7
25.3
13.2
4.5
12.5
14.2

246.4
21.5
25.2
13.1
4.6
12.5
14.4

Hawaii
Honolulu

18.5
13.5

Idaho
Boise City

9.9 I
6.8
24.4
51.1
4.2

|
I
j
j

i
!
I
'
|
:
I

57.4
5.8
11.9
2.0
1.8
3.5
2.0

206.
3.
1.
138.
5.
3.
5.

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

181.2
4.4
9.4
56.4

184.2
4.4
9.5
56.4

184.6 ;
4.5
9.7
56.3

68.3
1.1
6.8
11.3

58.8
5.9
12.3
2.0
1.8
3.5
2.1 |
i
70.1 I
1.3;
7.0 |
11.4 j

Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro

294.2
39.6
87.8
6.1

305.2
40.1
88.3
6.4

306.7
40.1
88.9
6.4

83.1
9.0
33.4
2.0

86.4
9.0
36.3
2.0

!
|
j
!

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City

187.8
3.5
23.1
5.4
16.1
11.0
8.1
47.5
20.1

190.2
3.6
23.5
5.7
16.7
11.3
8.1
48.7
20.4

189.4
3.6
23.5
5.6
16.8
11.4
8.1 I
48.4 |
20.4 j

106.7
2.5
11.7
6.0
8.1
4.5
3.4
43.9 !
8.1 ;

110.2
2.5
11.9
5.9
8.2
4.2
3.4
42.0
7.9

j
!
j
!
i
|
j
I
j

111.0
2.6
11.8
5.8
8.3
4.3
3.4
41.6
7.9

93.1 |
8.6 |
13.6

21.8
1.5
5.9

21.0 i
1.6 i
5.5 i

21.4
1.7
5.5

i

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

92.5
8.2
13.0

93.3
8.6
13.6 !

Nov.
1994
819.4
13.6
14.6
468.1
40.0
24.1
31.8
30.5

204.7
2.9
1.7
140.7
5.4
3.4
5.2
9.3

577.1 |
7.6 |
11.4 !
203.2
44.5
20.3
18.9
17.4

Dec.
1993
808.7
13.3
15.1
459.6
40.7
23.7
32.8
30.7

579.2
7.5
11.4
204.6
44.5
20.4
19.0
17.4

561.7
7.4
10.9
199.3
43.8
20.8
18.5
17.7

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

Dec.
1994P

|
I
I
!

2 1

|
!
|

|
|
|

I
I
|
|
!
'

I

1,309.2
16.5
20.1
913.3
49.9
12.5
10.2
37.7 |
34.7 !
23.2 j
i
634.8 !
14.6 !
20.6 |"
34.9 !
59.3 !
58.4 i
210.5 |
10.5
18.0
13.2
31.9
18.7

!

331.8 i
23.8
67.5
11.9
11.9
15.7
16.6

|
j
i
!

See footnotes at end of table.




81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994?

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

168.1
2.1
2.0
110.3
6.7
7.3
8.3
4.4

168.0
1.9
2.0
112.4
6.9
7.2
8.2
4.1

168.7
1.9
2.0
113.0
6.8
7.2
8.2
4.1

755.5
12.2
11.2
467.9
42.2
23.0
29.5
33.2

832.5
12.4
11.6
517.6
43.7
25.3
31.9
34.6

832.1
12.7
11.8
517.7
43.4
25.3
32.0
34.6

559.8
12.1
18.7
241.1
40.1
20.1
35.9
20.0

582.4
12.2
21.3
247.5
40.5
20.2
36.4
2C7

Hawaii
Honolulu .

39.6
32.4

39.2
32.0

39.0
31.9

163.9
121.1

165.4
121.5

165.9
121.5

115.9
94.1

113.9
91.9

Idaho
Boise City .

23.3
11.0

24.5
11.9

24.7
12.0

99.8
37.2

1033
38.3

104.1
38.3

92.8
2:7.8

96.6
29.3

Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island .
Decatur
Kankakee
Peona-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

385.1
12.0
3.3
300.2
7.5
2.3
1.7
8.4
6.9
7.9

388.1
12.4
3.3
303.8
7.7
2.3
1.7
8.3
6.9
8.2

390.4
12.4
3.3
305.5
7.7
2.3
1.7
8.3
7.0
82

1,484.4 !
16.3 !
19.6 j
1,083.9
41.6
13.1
10.2
43.7
39.1
30.3

787.1
14.3
34.8
467.6
25.9
5.9
6.8
17.5
15.6
330

795.4
14.0
34.6
471.5
26.4
6.2
6.6
17.5
15.9
33.1

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson .
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

128.8
2.0
2.9
6.2
12.8
9.5
54.8
1.4
3.6
1.8
6.2 j
2.4 !
i
75 4 I
5.4 i
34.9 !
1.6
1.7 I
2.7 |
2.8 |

128.2
2.4
3.0
5.8
13.1
9.5
54.6
1.4
3.9
1.8
5.9
2.4

128.4
2.3
3.0
5.9
13.3
9.5
54.6
1.4
39
1.8
5.9
2.4

406.7
19.7
6.8
145
25.4
35.6
109.8
7.4
24.5
13.4
13.4
11.2

407.5
19.9
6.5
14.4
25.9
40.2
109.6
7.9
24.8
13.5
13.4
11.5

76.3
5.5
35.8
16
1.7
2.7
2.7

77.0 !
5.5

230.5
12.4
33 8
4.0
28.6
6.9
12.8

237.7 !
12.3 |
34.4
4.1
28.4
7.2
13.6

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

58.6
1.8
6.2
11.1

58.7
1.9
6.2
10.9

58.6
1.9
6.3
10.9

245.4
13.5
24.1
35.3

Kentucky
Lexington ....
Louisville
Owensboro .

63.0
9.8
29 0
1.7

62.2
96
29.2
1.6

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City .

78.1
2.2
14.8
2.3
5.6
2.6
4.3
30.2
6.7

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn .
Portland

25.8
2.0
12.1

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken.
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

i

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls .

1,520.5
16.8
20.5
1,121.2
42.8
13.2
10.5
45.1
40.2
30.6

i
;
\

1.516.7
16.7
20.2
1,117.3
42.7
13.2
10.5
45.1
40.0
30.4

574.3
11.7
16.8
37.7
55.4
58.5
176.6
8.6
18.0
13.6
39.0
14.6

586.8
12.0
17.0
37.9
57.2
58.6
176.1
82
17.7
13.9
41.3
14.1

!
!
:
i
|
;
i
!
j
i
I
j

585.6
12.0
17.2
37.2
57.5
58.3
175.3
3.3
18.2
13.9
40.9
14.1

323.2
29.3
68.2
16.1
11.6
17.5
16.4

331.4
30.5
69.6
15.5
13.1
17.5
16.4

;

!
|
|

330.9
30.7
69.0
15.4
12 7

274.4
8.4
24.9
66.2

281.4
8.7
25.0
66.1

j
I
!
j

280.8 !
25.0
66.1

236.9
13.1
23.6
33.6

62.0
9.6
29.2
1.6

364.0
61.4
136.6
9.5

378.4
65.2
138.4
9.9

!
j
!
!

376.8
64.8
137.8
9.9

280.4
55.5
68.9
6.7

291.8
56.8
67.7
7.0

79.5
2.2
14.6
2.1
5.6
2.6
4.3
30.1
6.6

79.7
2.2
14.5
2.1
5.7
2.6
4.3
30.2
6.6

412.0
14.3
63.1
11.8
32.6
18.1
15.8
170.6
40.4

440.1 I
14.8 j
66.3 |
11.9
33.2
18.4
16.1
176.0
44.8

442.0
14.9
67.0
12.1
33.2
18.6
16.1 !
175.3 j
44.3 i

339 6
13.2
56.3
12.3
22.3
12.3
12.1
102.8
31.1

353.9
13.2
58.1
12.7
22.1
12.7
12.0
105.0
31.5

25.7
2.0
12.1

25.6
1.9
12.1

134.5
11.5
34.8

138.7
12.3
35.0

130.2
12.3
35.1

96.6
4.8
17.5

97.2
4.8
17.1

35.6 I
1.6;
1.7 |
2.7 |
2.7 |

|
!
;
.

j
j
j
"
:

'
:
:

i
:'
\
!
i
j
!
|
'
I
!
'
:

j
!

17.5 I
16.3 |

l

See footnotes at end of table.

82




!
'
j
|

i

8.7 I

j
I
i
|

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Mining

Total
State a n d area
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994?

Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban M a r y l a n d - D . C . .

,130.9
,107.0
418.4
780.5

j
i
|
i
I

2,146.1
1,118.6

416.9
792.8

2,154.6
1,117.7
416.2
795.4

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster .
Lawrence
Lowell
N e w Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

,905.2
,772.4
83.5
49.5
134.0
103.0

i
I
I
'

2,975.7

2,973.9

1,806.6
86.0
50.6
137.3
104.9
62.8

1,811.2
86.0
50.3

61.4
40.8
240.3
210.5

Dec.
1993

1

■

2

!

(22)

(22)

(22)
(2)

(22)
(2)

()

()
(22)
(2)
()
(12)

105.2
62.4
41.6
244.1
213.7

214.0

Dec.
1994?

|

1

(22)

137.5

41.7
244.3

Nov.
1994

1.3|
.4!

60.4 i
13.2!
53.3:

91.7|
50.3'

85.5
46.6
2.6
1.2

()
(')2
()

4.81
4.0 i
1.8;
1.1:
6.7j
6.4 |

■ 1 |

.1

i
j

125.2

120.7
57.0
12.7
50.9

()

()
(')?
()

()

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1993

2.6)
1.2i
4.9|
4.1
1.9i
1.3!
6.6
6.9

Dec.
1994P

123.3
59.1
13.0
52.5
87.2
48.7
2.5
1.1
4.7
3.8
1.8
1.2
6.4
6.5

.2

4,207.5
253.6
70.3
1,979.4
173.4
492.4

56.8
199.6
219.8
167.8

4,211.3
254.0
70.8
1,975.0
172.4
493.1
58.4
205.1
223.1
173.4

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,289.4
101.0
1,481.5
70.0
79.3

2,351.1
103.7
1,520.1
69.4
80.3

2,348.6
103.4
1,519.6
68.9
80.2

Mississippi.
J a c k s o n ....

1,019.6
200.0

1,045.6
205.4

1,041.5
206.5

Missouri
Kansas City ..
St. Louis
Springfield ...

2,445.4
818.1
1,207.3
143.9

Michigan
A n n Arbor
B e n t o n Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
K a l a m a z o o - B a t t l e Creek
L a n s i n g - E a s t Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,068.3
251.2
68.2
1,924.7

167.3
475.3

(')
(')
(')
(')
o1
(1)
()

58.2
204.7
223.4
173.4

1,238.5 ;

331.8

(1)

()
O
(1)

2,512.4
847.1
1,236.4
149.9

(21)
( 1)

772.8
130.1
349.4

Nevada
Las Vegas .
Reno

699.0
478.4
154.0

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester .

512.2
87.2
81.2

New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

103.5
3,546.4
163.8
613.7
441.1
235.3
558.6
332.5
921.1
198.5
56.5

803.6 i
133.5 j
357.7 I
i

730.0 i
499.4 |
160.1 |

!

!
'•
!
j

523.3
88.8
82.3
105.2

3,605.9 ;
168.0
624.2
446.5
243.2
568.3
342.9
932.7
197.8 I
57.6 j

3,610.2
165.8
622.3
447.8
241.7
567.3
341.7
931.7
199.3
56.7

522.6
88.3
82.7
106.5

!
|
|
j

5.7
1.5

1
1

(1)

V)

!

(1)
O
(')
(')
(')
(1)

(')
(')
(')
(1)
(1)

41.3'
8.3!

41.8
8.6

41.1

98.51

107.1

34.7|

41.2
61.1

6.0 i

6.1

5.5

13.41

15.8

13.8

1.4

31.3!
5.0|
15.91

34.3
5.3 j

31.3
4.9
15.9

i

!

O

|

2.0!

20.0
1.8
6.8
6.4
7.9
77.0
3.9
48.2
1.9
3.4

57.81

13.1
1.8
.7

1.8
.7

143.7
6.4
2.0
64.3
4.9

105.1
40.3
59.4
6.1

(1)
13.1

153.7
6.9
2.1
67.3
5.2
21.0
1.9
7.2
6.7
8.5
85.3 j
4.1!
51.9
2.4
3.8

2.1'>
3.3!

()

<:> 1 (( ))

C)

76.81
3.7;
46.9'

7.8
5.2

(21)
(1)

(')

(')

6.2;
7.3i

O
O

12.5
1.7
.7

728.1
499.5
159.1

6.41

(')1
(1)
()

1.4!

(1)
o

18.7;
1.7!

(2)

5.7|

794.8
131.6
356.8

56.81
5.11

(2)

342.5 I
N e b r a s k a ..
Lincoln ...
O m a h a ...

8.2
5.3

()

(1)
(')1
()

340.0

()
(')
V)
(')
(11)
()
(1)

O
V)
C)
7.0

130.9]
6.5|
1.9|

8.6

1

()
(1)
(')

2 4.9

150.0 !
M o n t a n a ..

(11)

(')
(')1
(1)
()
(1)
(')

46.3'

49.0J

35.3!
7.9;

36.8!
8.5!

48.4
36.7
8.1

17.1!
3.3!
2.1;
2.4 i

19.1
3.8
2.2
2.7

18.5
3.8
2.1
2.5

120.1!
5.61

130.2

126.2
6.2
21.2
20.2
4.9

20.61
17.5J
4.7!
17.3

15.5.
30.6]

.3

16.81

6.0
22.9
20.8
5.0
17.9
17.8
30.8

4.41
1.9,

4.5!
1.8

38.0'

44.6 j
22.9!
3.1 j

17.1

17.7
30.0
4.5
1.7

i
N e w Mexico ...
Albuquerque..
Las Cruces ....
Santa Fe
N e w York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy..
Binghamton

635.0
294.3
46.9
67.0

671.8
311.0
48.6
71.2

7,857.7
436.0
114.1

7,915.3
437.4
113.0

!
!
I
!
I

672.4
312.2
49.0

17.2

(11)
()
(1)

71.0
7,919.5
436.1
113.0 !

I

1

()
5.01
.4!

5.6

1

()

(11)
()
(1)

3-41

4.11

43.9
23.0
3.0
4.0

237.0 i
15.21
3.9

265.41
16.1 j
4.6'

253.5
14.6
4.3

19.51
2.4.

5.3!
.51

;

See footnotes at e n d of table.




83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C.

178.5
108.7
38.3
34.0

177.0
105.9
37.5
34.5

177.1
105.7
37.4
34.7

100.1
53.7
21.2
31.6

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster .
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

448.7
223.0
11.0
14.4
33.4
31.0
15.7
7.4
40.5
39.4

447.6
220.5
11.3
14.7
35.0
30.9
16.0
7.4
40.5
39.9

446.7
221.0
11.4
14.6
35.1
30.8
15.5
7.3
40.4
40.0

127.2
79.8
4.6
2.0
4.2
5.2
2.4
1.2
8.7
10.0

127.4
80.6
4.8
2.1
3.9
5.4
2.3
1.1
9.0
10.1

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor.
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

923.2
53.2
20.4
425.1
45.9
137.2
12.6
49.5
29.2
40.9

960.8
54.7
21.5
442.2
47.7
143.6
13.3
50.9
30.2
41.2

965.1
55.1
21.4
444.5
48.2
144.0
13.2
51.0
30.6
41.4

157.3
5.4
2.8
86.1
4.5
17.2
3.6
6.2
6.2
6.5

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
Rochester
St. Cloud

407.1
8.2
266.2
11.3
13.8

420.4
8.3
271.5
10.7
14.1

418.7
8.2
271.2
10.4
14.2

Mississippi.
Jackson ....

256.6
21.3

261.5
22.7

Missouri
Kansas City.
St. Louis
Springfield ...

414.9
105.6
196.5
21.5
22.9

Montana ..,

Dec.
1994P

96.7 j
52.2
19.9
31.7

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

97.1
52.6
20.2
31.8

509.6
255.9
66.2
191.1

513.7
259.5
67.2
195.5

522.3
262.0
66.9
197.8

127.8
80.7
4.8
2.1 I
4.0
5.6
2.4
1.1
9.0
10.0

669.1
389.6
26.9
11.4
34.8
21.4
15.2
10.4
54.7
47.6

686.5
395.8
28.2
11.2
34.8
21.3
15.4
10.6
55.6
47.6

691.4
399.5
28.3
11.3
35.0
21.6
15.5
10.8
56.1
48.0

161.8
5.4
3.0
86.6 I
4.2
17.4
3.6
6.4
6.2
6.4

161.4
5.4
2.9
86.8
4.2
17.4
3.6
6.4
6.3
6.5

969.5
49.0
14.7
470.8
40.3
116.3
14.3
44.6
49.2
43.5

980.9
48.5
15.0
463.5
41.3
116.8
14.2
44.7
49.0
44.8

996.1
49.3
15.0
474.1
41.9
117.8
14.4
45.4
49.8
45.3

111.3
6.1
77.9
2.0
2.8

112.7
6.2
79.7
2.0
2.8

113.2
6.1
80.1
2.0
2.9

552.1
26.3
354.3
15.1
24.4

563.5
26.7
362.3
15.2
24.4

569.3
27.0
365.7
15.4
24.5

260.6
22.7

45.4
13.3

46.5
15.7

44.9
15.4

215.6
48.8

218.9
49.6

217.7
50.2

417.9
108.6
197.1
22.1

419.4
108.5
197.6
22.5

154.9
64.9
78.0
8.4

154.7
65.7
81.1
8.6

154.6
66.1
80.6
8.7

585.0
204.6
290.9
41.0

598.5
207.7
292.4
43.7

600.7
209.5
295.6
43.7

23.3

23.4

20.7

20.9

21.1

91.7

92.1

j
j
!
I
;
j

i
j

I
104.4
15.5
34.3

108.5
16.5
35.2

109.0
16.6
35.3

47.7
7.6
24.5

48.6
7.4
25.1

49.5
7.4
25.3

197.4
28.6
89.6

201.1
28.0
90.8

202.1
28.1
91.2

Nevada
Las Vegas .
Reno

30.5
16.1
10.7

31.9
17.3
11.1

31.9
17.4
11.1

36.1
23.5
10.8

37.7
24.9
11.0

37.7
24.8
11.1

139.9
96.2
36.0

145.6
100.3

147.1
100.9
37.3

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester.

97.7
11.4
26.7
17.5

99.2
11.5
26.3
18.2

99.1
11.7
26.2
18.0

18.3
5.5
2.2
3.6

18.2
6.1
2.0
3.7

18.1
6.1
2.0
3.8

132.8
21.9
20.4
25.9

133.5
21.9
20.5
26.4

134.0
22.3
20.6
25.9

514.1
6.9
112.1
58.1
32.7
96.9
21.0
144.3
23.3
13.7

510.6
7.3
111.4
57.9
34.7
94.2
20.4
142.7
22.2
14.0

505.0
7.3
109.0
57.8
32.8
94.4
20.4
143.2
22.6
13.2

239.0
7.2
29.0
20.5
29.5
44.3
18.4
77.9
6.7
2.1

242.5
7.3
28.9
20.7
30.2
45.1
18.5
78.7
6.8
2.4

242.7
7.2
28.8
20.7
29.9
44.9
18.5
79.1
6.7
2.4

842.9
32.5
177.0
120.6
56.5
134.4
90.8
183.6
32.4
11.0

855.1
34.2
179.4
121.3
57.0
137.0
94.2
185.7
32.2
11.2

870.7
33.7
181.8
122.9
57.8
137.7
94.3
187.2
32.9
11.3

43.2
26.3
2.5
2.2

45.3
28.0
2.5
2.2

29.6
12.9
1.7
1.2

30.1
13.5
1.7
1.2

|
|
!
|

30.3
13.7
1.7
1.2

150.6
71.0
10.2
14.1

157.4
74.6
10.4
14.9

158.5
75.2
10.7
15.2

971.8
43.8
26.0 i

952.1 i
43.4 |
24.1 !

407.8
16.5
4.5

402.0 |
16.3 !
4.2 j

403.4
16.4
4.2

1,609.0
90.0
25.4

1,610.8
90.9
25.4

1,636.9
92.3
25.8

Nebraska.
Lincoln ...
Omaha ...

New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico ...
Albuquerque..
Las Cruces....
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy.
Binghamton
See footnotes at end of table.

84




45.2 j
28.0
2.5
2.2
942.4
43.0
24.2

!

L

!
!
i
|
!
!
|
j
i

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

State and area
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994^

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

672.8
353.7
151.3
254.7

673.0
351.7
150.5
255.5

427.0
211.6
91.2
171.8

431.6
214.3
90.6
176.2

979.7
668.4
20.0
12.1
35.0
24.2
14.8
13.6
71.7
60.0

1,022.7
20.6
12.7
37.0
26.1
15.4
14.2
74.4
61.8

1,020.6
693.3
20.5
12.5
36.9
26 3
15,4
14 2
73.7
61 9

393.0
218.1
15.1
6.7
16.9
13.8
9.5
5.1
43.9
31.6

397.4
218.3
15.1
6.9
16.8
13.6
9.8
5.1
44.6
31.8

6.1

1,026.7
56.3
16.4
542.4
40.9
113.7
12.5
47.1
47.7
40.6

1,078.6
57.3
17.3
569.9
42.6
119.8
13.2
49.1
49.2
43.0

1,075.9
57.3
17.2
568.6
42.7
119.7
13.2
48.7
48.8
43.0

659.0
71.6
9.4
235.3
24.5
52.7
10.2
35.5
69.0
22.6

673.9
71.8
9.3 j
238.6
24.9
54.9
10.4
36.0
69.4
23.4

138.7
3.4
109.4
1.9
2.4

139.0
3.4
109.5
1.9
2.5

628.3
27 0
417.8
30.2
19.3

648.9
28.0
428.7
29.8
19.6

652.5
28.2
430.4
29.8
19.5

367.8
21.3
207.9
7.4
13.3

373.4
21.7
216.2
7.4
13.2

38.8
14.5

38.6
14.5

38.7
14.5

201.0
51.6

214.9 |
51.7 |

215.0
52.4

215.6
41.8

218.2
42.3

142.9
62.7
74.1
6.3

143.7
63.3
73.7
6.5

143.8
63.3
73.9 j
6.6 !

653.5
220.2
356.0
42.0

691.8
227.8 ;
375.4 ;
43.8 I

686.4
227.9
373.4
43.4

391.4
125.4
154.0
18.7

398.5
131.5
157.7
19.2

Montana ..

15.0

15.0

15.0

89.0

90.5 |

91.2 |

76.0

79.6

Nebraska.
Lincoln ...
Omaha ...

50.5
8.6
29.7

50.6 i
8.5 |
29.5 !

188.5
30.3
104.2 I

198.6 I
31.2 i
108.7 I

197.1 |
30.9 |
108.4 !

151.6
34.5
51.2

160.4
36.6
51.6

Nevada
Las Vegas .
Reno

31.8
23.4
7.2

32.2
23.6
7.4

50.4 !
8.5 |
29.5 !
j
32.1 |
23.5 I
7.4 !

310.2
225.4
60.1

322.4 ;
234.7 '
62.3

320.8 |
234.2 |
61.6 !

91.7
56.8
20.6

98.1
60.0
22.2

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester.

30.1
7.4
3.3

29.2
6.6
3.0
6.4

28.9
6.6
3.0
6.2

i
|
i
I

137.6
27.1
19.3
23.6

144.7
27.9
21.3
26.6

145.3
27.4
21.2
26.6

I
'•
i
!

78.2
10.6
7.2
23.7

78.2
10.5
7.4
22.5

229.7
5.5
36.0
22.8
20.0
43.2
19.0
68.4
10.4
3.4

230.3
5.4
38.1
21.4
20.9
42.6
18.5
68.7
10.3
3.4

230.5 |
5.4
38.6
21.1
20.8
42.5
18.4
67.9
10.6 j
3.4 j

1,023.6
77.6
167.4
123.9
51.8
142.6
105.5
271.5
66.9
11.2

1,061.7
79.2
171 7
127.0
55.6
150.7
111.3
281.5
68.5
11.6

1,059.6
77.9
171.8
126.9
55.2
150.3
110.3
280.0
68.5
11.3

!
!
|
|
:
j
j
I
!
j

575.2
28.5
71.6
77.7
40.1
79.4
62.3
144.2
54.4
12.9

573.5
28.6
71.8
77.4
39.8
80.3
62.2
143.8
53.3
12.9

27.8
15.6
1.9
2.8

29.4
16.4
1.9
3.0

180.5 \
10.3 j
20.6 |

161.4
59.5
18.5
23.8

168.8
61.1
18.8 ]
25.3 J

730.3
27.2
4.1

731.7
27.0
4.0

2,518.6 :
129.3 ;
28.2 !

1,436.9
113.0
22.3

1,432.5 !
113.3 |
22.5 !

Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-DC.

130.0
73.3
38.1
47.7

127.9
72.4
37.2
46.9

128.2
72.2
37.2
46.8

663.9
346.6
150.7 j
253.4 |

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster .
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

200.7
146.5
3.3
1.7
4.9
3.4
2.0
1.9
14.0
15.3

201.2
147.6
3.4
1.8
4.9
3.5
2.0
1.9
13.5
15.7

201.5
148.3
3.4
1.8
5.0
3.6
2.0
1.9
13.6
15.7

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Hoiland .
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

193.1
9.3
2.6
107.6
6.2
19.4
1.9
10.3
12.3
6.3

192.8
9.4
2.7
105.8
6.4
19.5
1.9
10.7
12.3
6.1

193.0

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
Rochester
St. Cloud

139.0
3.5
110.1
1.9
2.4

Mississippi .
Jackson ....
Missouri
Kansas City..
St. Louis
Springfield ....

New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico ...
Albuquerque..
Las Cruces ....
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy.
Binghamton

|
i
j
■

9.5
2.6
105.6

6.4
19.5

1.9
10.8
12.4

!
I
!
|
]
|

29.5
16.5
1.9
3.0

!
!
!
!

733.4 i
27.1 i
4.0 !

168.2
89.5
9.7
19.5 |
2,459.9
130.0
28.0

179.0
94.5
10.2
20.5
2,515.1 '
129.9 i
28.2 ■!

94.7 ■■

i
L_

See footnotes at end of table.




85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area

i

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagara Falls.
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County ....

537.3
104.5
41.2
47.6
1,072.7
3,820.6
3,327.4
114.6
522.5
98.5
336.0
126.9
376.3

542.0
104.1
41.7
48.4
1,076.4
3,827.6
3,333.2
117.2
528.3
98.4
337.3
127.7
377.3

541.2
103.9
41.8
48.7
1,078.2
3,837.8
3,343.0
116.5
524.1
98.8
336.3
127.2
377.4

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro~Winston-Salem~High Point .
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

3,325.7
99.2
664.1
579.7
530.6

3,401.2
100.7
680.5
591.9
539.3

3,408.0
100.7
682.6
592.9
539.6

289.1
44.2
86.5
47.1

298.9
45.1
87.5
49.3

297.6
45.1
87.1
49.0

Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria .
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

4,974.1
300.9
171.8
779.8
1,061.0
735.1
449.3
295.2
234.4

5,039.1
304.7
173.4
789.2
1,073.6
741.2
456.6
301.0
240.0

5,042.0
305.4
174.1
792.5
1,075.3
742.2
456.4
301.8
240.2

14.2]
.4!
.7!

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City .
Tulsa

1,246.9
23.2
37.3
449.4
332.7

1,286.0
22.8
37.5
457.0
340.6

1,289.5
22.8
37.9
456.8
342.3

34.81
1.0l
.1:
8.01
9.3;

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield ...
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver.
Salem

1,333.8
122.5
60.6
786.2
116.1

1,394.7
127.7
63.3
810.9
120.3

1,385.1
127.2
62.9
810.9
119.4

1.6!
.2<

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton .
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton .
Sharon
State College .
Williamsport ...
York

5,185.8
254.6
56.9
125.3
321.5
84.3
197.0
2,157.0
695.5
1,046.4
156.9
268.2
42.7
62.6
50.9
156.4

5,259.3
259.6
58.5
128.2
324.9
85.8
200.6
2,176.6
694.7
1,059.3
158.5
272.0
44.6
65.6
52.0
159.2

5,253.7
259.5
58.1
127.5
324.3
85.6
200.2
2,184.3
695.4
1,053.9
158.4
271.3
44.3
65.1
51.4
160.0

436.7
487.4

441.2
493.3

438.7
488.5

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks

Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick .
See footnotes at end of table.

86




Dec.
1993

(')1
()
(')1
()
O
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Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994p

(1)
()
(')
(1)

(1)
(')
(')1
()
(1)

(')
(')1
()
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158.5
4.9
32.6
24.5
23.3

167.41

167

5.0;
34.3 j
24.21
24.0:

£
3A
2A
2C

11.0
2.2
4.4
1.7

13.4!
2.6:
5.3.
2.6:

11
2
A
2

.2
.6

182.1
10.7
7.8
34.1
37.2
27.0
14.9
9.8
8.4

194.6!
11.1:
7.9:
35.1.
40.5I
27.7
15.3,
10.7;
9.1;

185
1C
7
34
36
26
14
ic
e

34.5;
1.0:
.18.6;
9.1:

34.3
1.0
.1
8.5
8.9

41.8
.7
1.4
15.2
11.5

49.1!

4£

•8|
1.7!
16.2;
12.8;

1
1€
12

1.5:
.2;
.1 1

1.5
.2
.1
.8
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54.6
4.7
2.4
35.0
4.7

65.2'
6.1!
2.5:
39.3;
5.0:

63
£
2
36
4

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(11)
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Dec.
1994"

1£
A
1
1
4C
10S
86
:
16
c
1C
C
15

1

O

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!

20.5!
4.2 i
1.3;
2.1;
41.7!
112.31
91.0;
4.0:
17.1
3.3:
14.4'
3.8:
16.51

O

(1)
()

Nov.
1994

18.2
3.9
1.3
1.8
40.1
105.3
85.2
3.6
16.1
3.0
14.3
2.7
15.6

O1

O1

Dec.
1993

(')
0

14.1 i
.4;
■7J
.7i
1.1|
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13.9
.4
.7
.7
1.1

.21
.71

il

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(1)
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(11)
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(1)V
(11)
()
(')

V)
V)
V)
1

(1)
()
(')
(')

(1)
(')1
()

196.4
9.7
2.4
3.9
12.3
5.1
10.9
80.2
11.1
47.4
6.1
9.2
1.1
2.5
1.9
7.4
11.2
12.3

212.1!
10.1!
2.5
4.8;
13.1!
4.8!
1 1.3 j
86.4!
11.3
49.11
6.51
9.8:
1.3!
2.81
2.2!
8.2_:
12.4:
12.6;'

20C
£
2
A

12
A
11
84
IC
47
6
9
1
2
2
8
12
11

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
EM 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation a n d
public utilities

W h o l e s a l e and retail t i a d e

State and area
Dec.
1993
New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagara F a l l s . .
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
N e w York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
W e s t c h e s t e r County ....
N o r t h Carolina
Asheville
C h a r l o t t e - G a s t o n i a - R o c k Hill
G r e e n s b o r o — W i n s t o n - S a l e m — H i g h Point
R a l e i g h - C u r h a m - C h a p e l Hill

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

89.9
14.6
8.6

8.6

9.2
116.8
346.3

286.5

287.7
13.4
124.6

12.8
127.8
13.0

122.9

12.4
48.3
20.6 !

49.7
21.4
439

44.1 j

850.9
21.5
147.6
168.1
78.7

|
:
|
I
!

19.7
2.2
6.2
3.2

26.2
3.7
1.5
1.3
50.4
232.4
205.3
6.4 j
16.9 !

9.2
115.5
340.3
281.9
13.1

!

57

12.3
48.3
20.7
44.0

20.3 |
4.2 !
20.6

Dec.
1994P

Dec.
1993

156 3

i
i
|
!

21.7
2.4
68
3.3 I

18.4
3.2
4.7
2.4

|
:
|
i
i
!
i
|
;

1,072.7
62.3
46.3
144.5
220.7 |
93.0 |

1,077.5 !
62.7 !
46.7 j
145.0
221.3
93.0
96.7
58.8
57.5

214.8
14.4
6.1
40.2
43.0
31.2
17.8
13.1
8.8

!
j
'
i

170.9 j
1.6 !

171.4
1.6
3.6
50.7
54.3

70.7
2.0
1.8
21.4
26.4

71.8
2.0
1.8 !
21.3 !
26.7 !

217.4
19.2
9.0
128.5
15.1

66.9
4.6
3.1
44.2
3.4

67.6 !
4.9 |

941.1
62.0
10.1
34.8
47.2
13.2
55.6
308.5
64.2
130.9
44.1
60.0
10.5
8.9
13.8
47.8

273.3
12.7
5.0
4.2
20.8
4.9

273.3 '■
12.3 ;
5.1 |
4.5 I

21.8
2.5
7.0
3.4

1,053.2
63.1
44.4
143.3
218.5
92.5
94.5
56.1
54.8

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
O k l a h o m a City .
Tulsa

170.2
1.6
3.8
49 1

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield ...
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver..
Salem

210.1 .
18.4 ;
8.6 !

2-18.4 !
19.3 i
9.1 !

123.6 i
14.4 I

127.7 j
15.8 I

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethiehem-Easton .
Aitoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton .
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

936.9
61 8
9.9
34.6
47.5
12.2
55.1
312.1
65.6

941.8
61.9
10.3
34.9
47.5
13.0
55.6
308.1
64.5
131.2
44.3
60.3
10.4
8.8

R h o d e Island
Providence-Fail River-Warwick .

87.4
110.5

96.0 I
58.1 |
57.3 i

i

5.0
52.9
30.4
23.5

|
i
j

I
j
I

25.3
3.8
1.5
1.3
48.8

!
!
j
j
j

226.2
202.1
6.4
16.0
5.6
18.6

I
|
|
!
!
!

4.1 j
19.8 :

158.1
4.8
52.9
30.4
24 0

I
|
;
!

860.0
21.1
149.6
170.8
80.4

i

25.4
3.8
1.5
1.3
48.4
226.2
200.3
6.4
15.9
56
18.7
4.1
19.6

i
|
j
I

i
!
|
|
j

Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massilion
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria .
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

i
j
j

Nov.
1994

Dec.

I

89.9
14.7

89.6
16.5
8.4
9.9
120.3
345.5

858.7
21.1
149.7
170.4
80.3

North D a k o t a
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
G r a n d Forks

Nov.
1994

j
i
|
\

156.9
5.0
53.2
304
23.6

18.8 !
3.2 |
4.5 !
2.6;

3.2
4.6
2.6

214.3 !
13.7 |
5.9
41.0
43.2
31.8
17.9
13.2
8.7

214.4
13.8
5.9
41.1
43.7
31.9
17.9
13.6
6.8

;

I
j
I
j

i
i
i
!

136.4 !

22.1 I

135.3
21.9

136.9
22.5

10.7

10.9

11.6
281.9
660.3
550.3
30.8
113.8
22.0

83.9

12.2
285.6
671.4
559.1
31.3
114.9
22.6
83.1
27.1
85.7

|

763.4
23.7
160.7
131.1
108.8

771.8
23.7
161.9
131.8
110.2

76.3 !
11.6 ;
25.3 j
12.6 i

76.9
11.6
24.6
12.7

77.2
11.6
24.6
12.8

1,202.6
73.5
43.1
201.6
247.4
191.5
106.3
74.4
62.4

1,216.1
74.1
43.5
204.7
251.2
133.6
V07.4
75.8
63.2

306.2
6.6
8.5
109.6
77.4

308.2
6.6
8.6
110.1
77.6

10.6 |
11.1 I

280.3 |
662.9
552.2 |
30.3
114.4
21.8
79.6
25.9
85.0

;
|
i
:
;

757.5
23.2
159.4
131.0
108.6

!
|
!

1,207.6
72.3
42.9
201.8
251.1
193.2
105.0

!

|
!
|
|
;
!
|

74.8 i
62.2 :

81.9
26.9

l

54.9 ■

130.4
44 1
59.6
9.6
8.3
13.3
46.7

|
j
:
j
|
!
|
|

3.6 I
50.3 !
54.6 !

I

j
!
!
j
!
j
|
j
j
i
j
|
i
;

13.8 i
47.2 '
87.4
112.2

|
j
I
'

6.9

3.1 i
43.6 !
3.6 ;

20.9 '
5.0 :

j
|

1.8 i
8.8 |

6.7
103.0
38.0
63.3
6.6
15.6
1.8
1.8
1.8
8.9

86.3 j
109.4 I

14.7 j
17.3

14.1
16.6

103.1
38.2
64.6
6.7

15.8
17
1.9 |

,
I
|
!
■
'

72.1 :
2.0 |

1.8 I
21.5 |
27.0 |
69.2 ;
4.9 i
3.2 i

45.1 '
3.6 ;
272.5 j

12.3 !
5.1
4.4
207
5.0
6.6
103.6
38.3
63.1
6.6
15.6
1.8
1.8
1.8
8.9

i
!
,
i
!
i
!
|
j
!
!
i
!
;

14.2 !
16.7 :

291.7
6.7
8.8
106.9

!
!
|
;

77.9 |
339.0
30.8
19.3
198.2
26.5

;
>
|
|
j

348.7
31.0
20.6
203.8
27.1

347.9
31.2
20 5
204.2
27.3

1,184.1
54.1
15.4
28.2
69.8
20.7

!
j
i
|
|
!

1.192.3
54.6
15.9
27.9
69.8
20.7
49.9
484.0
119.8
263.7
36.9
66.1
11.2
12.4
12.2
38.2

1,202.5
55.3
15.8
28.0
70.3
20 6
50.1
490.6
120.4
265.7
37.4
66.5
11.1
12.2
12.2
38.2

96.6
109.8

97.3
110.5

49.3 !
480.7 |
119.0 j

258.1 I
36.6 !
65.8
10.7
12.2
12.2
38 3

!
!
i
!
|

96.8 !
109.3 I

See f o o t n o t e s at e n d of table.




87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Dec.
1993
New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagara Falls..
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County ...

28.4
4.4
1.4
1.7
79.8
506.7
473.2
6.1
23.9
5.3
19.6
8.0
27.2

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point .
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

141.3
3.1
41.7
28.3
24.7

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994^

28.5
4.4
1.4
1.7
79.0
511.9
479.8
5.8
24.1
5.1
19.6
8.2
25.9

28.6
4.4
1.5
1.7
79.4
513.7
481.5
5.7
23.9
5.2
19.7
8.2
25.9

150.1
31.4
10.7
12.0
323.8
1,308.2
1,147.5
28.9
143.9
29.0
93.2
32.8
126.3

153.0
32.6
10.9
12.3
330.1
1,324.6
1,161.6
30.0
150.7
29.3
93.7
33.3
128.1

152.7
32.4
10.9
12.2
329.6
1,331.6
1,168.9
29.6
149.4
29.3
93.0
33.1
127.9

146.1
3.2
43.3
28.3
25.4

146.4
3.2
43.4
28.4
25.4

705.7
26.5
151.0
132.0
155.7

736.1
274
155.5
137.2
156.8

13.8
1.9
5.3
1.6

13.8
2.0
5.4
1.6

14.0
2.0
5.6
1.6

77.8
13.6
24.8
12.5

260.0
12.2
6.7
46.5
66.0
59.4
17.2
11.5
10.1

259.7
12.4
6.5
46.6
67.1
58.2
17.3
11.5
9.9

259.7
12.6
6.4
46.7
66.8
58.1
17.2
11.4
9.9

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City .
Tulsa

61.0
1.0
1.6
25.9
17.9

62.7
1.1
1.7
25.8
17.9

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield ...
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver..
Salem

94.0
7.1
2.9
64.3
6.8

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria .
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton .
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick .
See footnotes at end of table.

88




Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

88.5
22.4 |
7.2
9.8
178.0
659.6
577.3
26.5
78.6
20.6
59.3
31.9
57.7

89.3
22.4
7.2
10.3
178.5
646.2
562.1
26.8
81.4
207
60.6
30.8
59.1

735.2
27.4
155.8
136.9
158.8

550.3
15.2
78.9
65.4
115.6

569.8
15.3
84.1
70.3
118.5

81.4
13.5
24.8
12.9

81.5
13.7
24.8
12.9

68.3
9.5
15.8
13.1

68.8
9.7
15.8
13.5

1,285.7
79.9
42.9
208.4
302.8
194.3
124.5
82.1
58.8

1,315.2
82.7
43.2
213.5
309.8
201.1
126.8
83.7
60.0

1,310.9
82.7
43.3
213.6
308.9
200.3
126.5
83.3
59.7

756.5
47.9
20.3
104.9
141.6
136.8
74.8
47.6
30.6

765.9
48.6
19.8
106.2
143.8
137.2
76.4
49.2
32.0

62.9
1.1
1.8
25.7
18.0

302.7
6.2
7.6
121.1
93.3

318.6
5.7
8.0
121.2
99.8

318.1
5.7
8.1
120.1
100.4

274.0
4.0
12.2
101.8
41.5

272.2
4.0
12.1
104.0
42.3

96.6
7.5
2.8
64.9
6.8

97.0
7.6
2.8
65.4
6.8

331.6
31.1
14.2
211.5
26.9

346.3
32.7
14.7
217.4
28.1

345.7
32.5
14.7
217.7
27.9

236.0
25.6
10.0
108.6
33.2

250.2
26.0
10.4
113.4
33.7

303.4
14.0
1.9
5.8
22.8
4.2
9.0
156.1
57.4
59.6
9.2 !
11.8 |
1.5
2.1
2.2
5.0

304.9
14.6
2.0
5.7
23.4
4.2
8.9
149.1
56.1
62.2
9.2
12.5
1.5
2.2
2.2
5.1

305.6
14.7
1.9
5.7
23.4
4.2
9.0
149.6
56.0
62.0
9.3
12.5
1.5
2.2
2.2
5.1

1,543.0
74.6
14.1
33.5
78.5
23.8
46.9
718.2
271.1
354.3
35.1
69.8
12.6
11.5
13.1
34.6

1,573.4
76.6
14.1
34.7
79.2
24.4
48.9
740.2
274.6
357.1
35.5
71.3
12.5
11.8
13.0
36.4

727.4
27.7
8.2
15.1
69.8
13.4
18.5
306.6
133.1
127.8
19.1
35.5
5.5
24.1
6.4
15.1

736.7
28.8
8.6
15.4
70.7
13.8
18.6
305.6
130.5
125.1
19.5
35.7
5.8
25.8
6.5
15.1

25.3
27.0

24.8
26.5

24.8
26.6

137.4
145.1

63.7
65.7

63.5
66.2

|
!
!
i
i

1,578.2
77.3 j
14.1
35.0
79.5
24.3
49.2
740.4
274.5
361.3
35.5
71.4
12.6
11.8
13.3
36.0

I
i
!
|
;
;
!
|
|
|
!

i
142.2
149.2

141.6 i
148.2 |

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

State and area
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

1,593.0
206.6
250.4
424.6

1,617.5
207.6
253.7
433.1

1,608.9
206.6
254.0
431.2

320.9
42.4
88.7

337.3
45.2
92.2

335.0
44.7
92.6

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristo!
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,379.6
211.2
186.2
298.5
492.2
553.5

2,454.1
217.8
184.3
303.7
505.0
572.5

2,436.8
216.1
183.1
299.6
500.7
570.6

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Hariingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

7,639.1
50.6
84.2
464.0
152.0
72.6
88.5
63.2
140.6
1,494.8
227.9
618.2
84.1
1,674.1
84.4
53.7
79.7
103.9
119.5
92.4
39.4
582.1
37.5
48.3
66.9
33.5
87.5
53.9

7,851.2
51.0
88.2
482.7
152.5
72.8
89.9
65.2
143.8
1,560.8
230.4
640.3
84.2
1,701.8
89.2
56.2
81.4
107.3
120.3
93.4
41.0
595.7
37.9
48.2
68.7
33.1
91.6
54.5

7,885.6
51.2
88.5
483.4
153.3
72.5
90.0
64.2
143.8
1,567.5
232.3
643.4
84.3
1,713.4
89.5
56.5
81.7
106.9
120.6
94.4
41.1
597.2
38.0
48.4
68.2 j
33.0
91.8
54.9

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

843.8
114.1
567.7

889.2
121.0
600.7

893.5
121.6
604.4

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

260.6
29.6
89.3

265.1
28.9
92.7

267.2
28.9
92.6

South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

,

Dec.
1994P

Dec.
1993

Dec.
1994P

Nov.
1994

1.8

V)
V)

(1)
o

1.7

O

V)

82.2
11.8
12.4
25.7

2.2

12.2
2.2
4.1

V)

()

1

O
V)
.5

V)
V)
167.0
1.3
.8
1.0
1.0
1.0

(1)

.7
2.7
16.8

(1)

(')
(')

V)
.5

159.9
1.3
.7
.9
1.0
1.1

(1)

.7
2.7
16.8

V)

4.5
.7
1 65.5

()

2.3
3.4
.2
.9
13.2
.5
1.8

(1)

.1
1.3
1.4

97.3
7.5
8.2
14.8
17.9
23.7

(1)

o
(1)

4.5
.7
65.0

(')
(1)
159.3
1.3
.7
.9
1.0
1.2

0
.7
2.8
16.8

O

4.5
.7
1 64.7

()

(1)

2.4
3.5
.2
1.0
12.5

(')

2.4
3.5
.1
1.0
12.5
.6
1.9

(')

.1
1.4
1.3

(')

O

(1)

(')I 3.1

o
(')

1

1.4

(')
8.4
1.4

(')I 3.2
.6

O

8.4

.7

()

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,985.1
34.7
73.3
44.7
95.8
612.1
889.9
486.2
133.1

3,073.9
35.5
75.2
45.5 j
97.9
630.4
918.7
495.2
137.7

3,075.9
36.2
75.0
45.0
97.7
632.8
922.4
496.8
138.0

Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett

2,279.6
1,158.0

2,339.5
1,189.2

2,328.8
1,182.3

3.3
.6

3.5
.6

670.2
121.0
110.8
64.5
60.7

699.0
124.1
112.3
66.4
63.6

689.4
123.3
111.7
66.0
63.1

28.5
1.7
1.7
.4
1.7

29.1
1.8
1.7

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

1.7

V)
V)
2.3

2.4

Dec.
1993

1

()
(')
(')
(1)
(')

V)
V)
1

(1)
()

V)

o

.1

■4i

2.11

41.5
5.5
28.0
11.2
1.5
4.1
156.2
1.1
3.9
2.0
5.0
32.1
48.1
27.9
7.1

o
(')
(')1
()

(')

356.0
2.0
3.5
19.0
13.2
10.7
2.7
2.3
12.5
55.2
8.6
25.5
4.8
105.0
3.6
1.9
3.3
3.6
5.0
4.1
1.4
25.6
1.6
2.3
2.3
2.2
3.6
1.8

3.41
.6
28.8
1.8
1.7
.4
2.1

118.3
58.7
32.6
6.6
4.3
3.3 j
2.2

j_.

See footnotes at end of table.




89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
5-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

j

Dec.
1993

I
'

South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson

;

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

!
j
:

41.0 i
4.4 !
11.1 !

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

;

535.4 I

!
'.
i
[

45.3 .
53.2
50.6
65.2
95.2 ;

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
"
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-Coliege Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
<_ongview-Marshail
Lubbock
McAilen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falis

j
:
;
■
;

;
i
■
:
I
!
|
;
!
;
i

■
j
;
;
!
■
]
j

374.4
20.6
26.5
125.5

997.2
4.0
9.6
60.0
25.2
17.3
13.2
3.8
13.7
220.5
46.0
102.1
8.5
178.9
9.4
1.8
16.8
7.3
13.8
6.5
4.7
47.3
9.7
5.8
11.4
3.2
16.0
7.9

|
|
|
j

:
;

'
!
!
|
!
'
!
!
I
i
i
!
|
!
!
.
!

|
j
!
j
!
|
i
:
j

Nov.
1994

!
|

Dec.
1994P

Nov.
1994

|
;

Dec.
1993

|

W h o l e s a l e and retail trade

!

State and area
Dec.
1994P

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

i
!
:
|

373.0
20.1
26.8
123.8

66.9
10.2
11.4
17.2

67.3 I
10.2
11.5 ;
17.5 ;

67.5
10.3
11.8
17.5

i
!
'
;

353.3
50.6
55.9
98.4

361.3
51.1
56.4
100.4

363.3
51.6
57.0
101.0

45.4 '
4.8 i
11.8 |

45.7
48
11.9

14.9
1.9
5.6

15.8 j
2.1
5.9 i

15.5 '
2.1 .
6.0

82.4
12.9
24.3

85.4
13.5
25.3

85.7
13.5
25.8

373.1
20.1
26.7
124.0

541.4
45.7
52.4
51.1
66.0
97.5

|
;
;
!
I
j

542.7
45.8
52.6
51.0
65.7
97.7

129.3
7.4
8.0
11.0
49.3
32.5

131.7
7.3
8.2
11.1
50.5
32.9

j
;
j
!
!
|

131.4
7.3
8.1
11.1
50.4
33.0

!
i
i
|
i
j

555.0
52.7
42.4
73.8
128.5
133.2

573.0
54.9
41.6
73.9
130.6
137.5

577.2
54.8
41.9
73.9
131.3
138.3

1,007.0
3.8
9.7
62.9
25.0
16.9
13.4
3.9
13.7
223.7
46.6
100.6
8.0
180.0
9.6
1.8
17.2
7.8
13.8
6.4
49
47.8
9.9
5.5
11.7
3.2
16.6
7.9

'
;
:
!
I
.

444.7
2.6
5.4
15.0
9.6
2.6
3.8
1.4
6.7
88.0
11.6
57.1
5.1
113.9
2.6
8.4
3.8
5.5
3.8
4.5
2.8
26.9
1.3
2.1
3.0
1.4
3.5
2.5

460.1
2.7
5.8
15.0
9.1
2.6
3.8
1.4
6.6
97.8
11.6
58.5
5.0
116.5
2.7
9.0
3.7
5.6
4.0
4.3
2.7
27.5
1.5
2.0
3.1
1.4
3.6
2.6

!
!
:
:
|
|
;
|
;

464.5
2.7
5.7
15.1
9.2
2.6
3.8
1.3
6.5
99.8
11.8
58.6
4.9

j
';
!
■
;
;
!
i
:
;
'
!
i

|
:
I
;

1.879.0
13.2
23.9
97.6
34.4
14.0
23.6
13.2
32.2
379.2
56.3
158.2
17.8
402.0
19.2
16.5
20.2
29.1
35.9
24.5
9.7
146.1
8.0
11.8
17.2
9.0
20.2
12.8

1,908.4
13.2
24.1
101.5
34.6
14.2
24.1
13.4
33.1
396.0
56.0
166.0
178
401.3
20.6
17.1
20.2
29.9
35.8
2^.4

:
;

1,008.4
3.8
9.6
63.1
25.1
16.7
13.2
3.8
13.6
223.6
46.5
100.6
8.0
181.4
9.8
1.8
17.4
7.8
13.6
6.4
4.9
47.8
10.0
5.6
11.0
3.2
16.7
8.1

10.1
148.7
8.0
12.1
17.9
8.3
20.8
12.8

1,935.0
13.4
24.7
102.6
35.0
14.4
24.4
13.1
33.7
401.1
57.0
169.0
179
408.3
20.8
17.4
20.3
30.2
36.2
25.1
10.1
150.1
8.1
12.3
18.0
8.3
21.3
13.0

:
;

:
!
•
:
.

,
.
.

■
■
:

!
I
!
'
;
|
!
!
:
i
:
j
i
;
j
|
|
;

116.9 I
2.8 ;

9.0 I
3.7
5.6
4.0
4.4
2.7
27.7
1.6
2.1
3.1
1.4
3.8
2.6

|
|
|
!
I
I
!

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

!

113.9 !
14.9 i
72.0 i

119.2 ';
16.3 :
75.0 !

119.6
16.4
75.4

49.6
2.0
38.8

50.7 j
2.2 |
40.1 I

51.0 :
2.2 '
40.2 j

204.5
25.6
140.4

212.4
27.2
148.7

216.3
27.3
151.9

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

;
j
!

43.8 ;
3.5 ;
15.9

43.8
3.7
16.6 ;

43.7
3.6
16.6

10.9
.8
3.6

11.0 i
.8 '
3.6 ;

11.0 j

61.8
6.2
21.0

61.5
5.8
20.5

62.5
5.9
20.9

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

;
|
;
;
;
[
;
;
!

403.1
9.9
7.8
16.3
26.7
67.1
39.6
61.7
18.e

;
:

404.6
11.1
8.0
15.5
26.7
66.5
39.4
60.5
19.3

153.7
1.4
2.4
1.2
3.4
30.0
52.8
24.7
8.7

154.9
1.3
2.4
1.2
3.5
30.1
51.7
25.4
8.8

|
!
■.
i
i
;
;
;
j

675.7
9.4
14.9
9.6
20.5
146.0
203.8
113.3
35.3

701.2
10.0
15.8
9.8
20.8
151.8
208.0
116.0
36.8

709.1
10.1
15.9
9.8
21.0
152.8
213.6
119.0
37.1

Washington
Seattle-Believue-Everett

;

333.2
199.0 '

337.1 ;
194.1 |

333.0
193.2

116.0
70.8

118.8 |
72.3 !

119.5 :
71.8 :

561.9
279.7

570.1
293.2

575.9
296.4

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

j
|
!
;
\

82.5
10.0
17.7
12.8
6.2

82.4
9.9
16.7
12.9
5.9

82.9
10.0
16.8
13.1
6.0

39.1
9.1
6.6
2.7
3.5

39.5
9.3
6.4
2.4
3.8

39.8
9.3
6.6
2.4
4.0

155.4
31.1
29.2
16.4
15.4

159.3
31.8
30.0
17.0
15.8

160.8
32.1
30.2
17.0
16.0

See footnotes at end of table.

90




:

I
;
:
j
!
;
j
!
,

.
'
.
.

406.3
10.5
8.0
15.9
26.6
66.7
39.4
60.4
19.3

!
,
:

■

I
I
,
i
:

j
i
!
■
;
|
!
j
!

!
j
;
!
!

■8 |

3.5 ;
155.9
1.4
2.4
1.2
3.5
30.7
51.7
25.6
8.9

|
i
'
j
|

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
!
;

Finance, insurance,
a n d real estate

Government

Services

State and area
!
;

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson

'

65.8
8.2
18.2
14.5

66.0
8.1
18.2
14.9

65.9
8.1
18.2
14.9

338.7
50.6
55.7
87.0

349.4
53.0
57.2
90.5

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

i
!
I

17.8
1.6
9.1

18.2
1.6
9.5

18.4
1.6
9.5

81.9
11.8
25.0

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

!
■
i
;
!

105.3
13.8
5.2
10.5
25.6
30.9

106.2
14.2
5.1
11.0
25.4
31.1

106.3
14.3
5.0
11.0
25.4
31.2

434.8
1.8
4.1
26.3
4.6
1.9

97.8
3.5
2.0
2.7
4.5
4.0
3.5
1-6
41.1
2.1
1.9
3.3
1.6
5.2
2 2

441.6
1.9
4.1
27.1
4.9
1.9
3.5
2.4
5.8
131.9
8.4
29.6
5.4
98.8
3.7
2.1
2.7
4.7
4.3
3.5
1.6
42.3
2.0
1.9
3.3
1.6
5.3
2 1

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

!
!
!
;
i

!
I
!
!

;
!
:
:
:
:

■

;

36

-

2.3
6.1
125.7
8.4
28.3

57

-

Dec.
1994P

',

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

348.0
52.8 !
57.2 :
90.5 :

304.9
54.6
70.3
56.3

316.1
52.6
71.6
58.7

307.3
51.3
70.8
56.7

84.9
12.3
25.3

85.3
12.3
25.5

68.3
7.6
9.5

71.2
7.8
9.7

69.3
7.7
9.7

582.7
51.4
40.1
80.3
129.4
162.0

600.9
53.2
38.0
82.0
131.6
166.9

598.9
52.9
38.0
80.2
131.4
167.0

369.9
33.1
29.1
57.0
76.3
76.0

393.6
34.4
30.3
57.9
81.7
81.5

374.3
33.1
29.0
55.9
77.5
78.3

442.5
1.9
4.2
27.1
4.9
1.8
3.5
2.4
5.7
132.0
8.6
29.8
5.4
99.3
3.7
2.1
2.7
4.7
4.3
3.5
1.6
42.4
2.0
1.8
3.3
1.6
5.3
2 1

1,953.1
16.0
19.7
122.0
39.6
11.6
20.8
13.0
35.6
420.2
48.2
156.1
16.8
478.5
20.7
8.9
18.1
28.5
22.2
19.4
10.8
165.2
9.7
12.5
18.1
8.2
23.9
14 2

2,037.0
16.3
21.1
125.5
39.5
12.8
21.4
13.8
37.3
438.1
48.8
166.4
16.9
487.3
21.6
9.1
19.1
28.9
22.6
20.4
11.3
170.3
9.5
12.7
18.7
8.5
25.3
14 3

2,038.2
16.3
21.1
125.1
39.6
12.8
21.4
13.8
36.7
437.0
49.1
166.0
17.1
487.3
21.6
9.1
19.1
28.9
23.0
20.5
11.4
169.9
9.6
12.6
18.7
8.6
25.2
14 3

1,407.3
9.7
17.2
123.1
24.4
13.5
20.8
26.5
31.1
189.2
48.8
86.4
24.7
232.5
25.4
11.9
11.4
25.2
33.9
16.7
7.9
128.1
5.1
11.8
10.3
6.5
15.1
11 1

1,450.6
9.8
18.5
128.1
25.0
13.5
20.9
27.4
31.7
193.4
49.9
87.5
25.7
239.8
26.4
12.7
11.4
26.2
33.7
17.2
8.3
129.9
5.5
11.4
10.3
6.7
15.6
11 5

1,450.3
98
18.3
127.6
25.0
13.4
20.9
26.9
31.5
194.3
49.9
87 8
25.7
242.6
26.3
12.7
11.4
25.6
33.4
17.2
8.3
130.0
5.2
11.4
10.4
6.6
15.4
11 5

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

!
j
;

44.0
3.2
36.0

47,
3.4
37.9

48.0
3.4
38.1

220.7
46.2
144.1

233.3
47.8
154.6

235.6
47.9
156.6

161.2
16.7
105.2

165.9
17.0
106.3

164.6
17.0
105.4

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

!
;
!

12.3
2.6
4.6

12.0
2.5
4.5

12.0
2.5
4.4

75.0
7.9
25.6

76.2
7.5
27.1

79.0
7.4
27.2

45.0
7.1
14.5

47.4
7.3
15.6

46.7
7.4
15.5

160.2
1.1
4.1
1.4
4.2
27.0
54.5
40.9
8.9

165.4
1.0
4.0
1.5
4.5
28.8
56.1
42.9
8.9

167.4
1.0
4.1
1.5
4.5
28.7
56.2
43.3
9.2

812.4
6.1
16.8
8.1
23.5
165.2
314.6
114.0
37.3

855.1
6.1
17.6
8.6
24.6
176.1
331.0
118.0
39.1

852.1
6.0
17.2
8.6
24.0
176.2
331.5
117.5
38.6

611.3
5.7
23.4
6.1
12.5
144.7
176.0
103.0
17.0

613.6
5.5
23.3
6.3
12.5
143.3
179.5
103.6
17.3

610.8
5.5
23.3
6.2
12.6
144.1
177.6
102.4
17.4

123.0
76.4

121.6
74.4

121.6
74.6

588.8
304.7

606.4
312.3

608.2
312.2

435.1
168.1

454.9
180.5

444.7
173.4

169.6
33.9
27.3
15.9
19.3

175.9
34.0
27.4
16.5
19.6

176.4
34.0
27.4
16.3
19.5

137.4
22.1
20.3
10.7 i
9.4 j

149.6
23.7
21.1
11.4
10.4

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News .
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

;

Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett

I
|

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

!

;
I

I

;
:
:

25.1
6.5
3.7 ,
2.3 .
3.0

25.4
6.4
3.5
2.2
3.0

25.4
6.4
3.5
2.3 j
3.0

|
I
|
i

139.5
22.9
20.5
11.0
9.8

See footnotes at end of table.




91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

State and area
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994^

2,441.5
176.6
62.0
119.4
63.6
46.6
63.6
246.5
783.1
77.3
55.3
57.1

2,515.6
182.3
64.0
126.4
65.7
46.6
66.0
254.2
795.8
795
56.1
58.5

2,504.2
180.8
63.4
126.5
65.9
47.3
65.8
252.4
799.6
78.9
56.3
58.6

2.1

2.5

2.2

92.8
9.7
1.9
5.6
2.4
1.7
1.8
9.8
28.6
2.9
2.2
2.1

108.5
10.2
2.6
7.0
3.0
1.9
2.2
11.3
32.0
3.4
2.8
2.4

101.4
9.3
2.2
6.4
2.9
1.8
1.9
10.7
30.5
3.3
2.7
2.3

Wyoming
Casper

210.9
28.9

214.2
29.4

212.4
29.3

18.4
2.2

18.2
2.3

18.2
2.2

11.7
1.3

13.2
1.5

12.1
1.4

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon

883.3
57.8
65.4
70.9
550.5

879.3
57.1
64.4
70.7
545.5

892.6
58.3
65.6
71.7
552.5

1.0

(')

46.1
2.1
3.0
4.5
33.8

43.0
1.7
3.0
4.0
31.4

43.2
1.3
3.0
4.2
31.1

46.3

44.4

44.6

o

2.6

2.3

2.2

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha

La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.

92



Nov.
1994

Dec.
1993

1.0

O
0

Dec.
1994*

1.0

O
.5

(')
(')
(1)

.5

V)
0
0

(')

Dec.
1993

.5

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994^

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
EM 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

i
j

Dec.
1994p

Dec.
1993

|
i

Nov.
1994

,
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah .
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming.
Casper ...
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon .
Virgin Islands.

559.9
56.2
10.0
24.9
18.5
10.2
11.2
27.0
167.8
23.8
23.2
15.3

579.5
58.0
9.8
25.6
19.3
10.0
11.7
28.2
172.9
24.6
23.7
15.4

579.5
58.0
9.9
25.4
19.5
10.1
11.6
28.0
174.1
24.2
23.8
15.5

115.7
6.8
3.3
8.7
2.6
1.6
2.7
8.2
38.2
2.5
1.8
3.7

!
!
|
|

115.5
7.0
3.2
9.0
2.6
1.7
2.7
7.9
37.9
2.5
1.7
3.9

116.
7.
3.

568.8
38.4
17.4
29.0
14.8
13.2
17.5
55.3
174.9
16.8
9.9
13.9

580.8
39.1
17.9
30.2
15.2
13.6
17.6
57.4
175.5
16.9
9.9
14.5

48.1
8.4

49.0
8.5

9.7
1.6

10.2
1.6 |

10.1
1.6

14.7
1.6

14.5
1.5

148.6
14.1
18.8
12.0
66.3

152.4 I
13.7 I
19.4 !
11.6
68.9

153.0
14.1
19.4
11.6
68.5

21.6
.5
.5
1.8
16.6

21.1
.5
.5
1.9
14.1

21.1
.5
.5
1.7
14.1

180.2
13.2
11.5
13.0
119.5

172.7
13.5
10.3
12.1
114.5

2.9

2.8

2.6

2.6

11.1

10.5

2.8

2.9

See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Dec.
1993

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

;
|
j
!
j
j
j
;
!

132.5
8.8
2.3
7.8
1.9
1.5
2.3
21.3
53.4
2.4
2.1
4.4

133.9
9.1
2.1
8.1
2.0
1.2
2.5
20.8
54.4
2.4
2.0
4.5

Wyoming
Casper

!
j

7.8
1.1

7.7
1.1

7.7
1.1

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon

;
i
;
[

39.5
1.5
1.5
1.9
31.2

39.9
1.5
1.5
1.9
31.6

39.8
1.5
1.5
1.9
31.7

Virgin Islands

j

2.1

1.9

|
I
j
j
j
!
|
!
|
!
I

134.5
9.1
2.1
8.3
2.0
1.2
2.5
20.9
54.7
2.4
2.0
4.5

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1993

Dec.
1994'1

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

618.4
38.3
15.8
33.4
15.2
11.0
19.2
59.2
235.0
20.3
9.9
10.6

617.9
38.6
15.9
33.7
15.2
11.7
19.2
58.9
236.1
20.4
10.1
10.7

369.4
19.6
12.1
12.6
8.3
6.9
9.7
67.5
89.6
9.2
6.0
7.0

376.5
20.5
12.8
13.2
8.4
7.3
10.3
69.4
88.2
9.4
6.1
7.1

41.3
7.2

41.7
7.3

59.4
5.5

60.1
5.7

|
|
j
!
|

157.4
9.6
9.9
14.6
106.8

159.7
9.9
10.2
14.8
107.6

288.8
16.3
20.2
23.6
176.5

291.8
16.6
19.8
24.6
177.7

11.3 i

10.6

10.7

13.6

600.4
37.1
15.0
30.8
15.1
11.5
18.3
57.3
230.7
19.6
10.1
10.7

;
i
|
!
i
j
|
!
j
j
j
|

I

Combined with construction.
Not available.
-- preliminary.

94




1.9

41.1 !
7.2 |
157.5
10.1
9.9
14.1
106.1

I
;
|
|
!
j

13.6 i

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1993 benchmarks.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Total private .
Mining

Average weekly hours
Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994 p

Average overtime hours
Jan.
1995 p

34.7 i

34.3

34.5

34.8

34.4

44.6

44.1

45.4

45.1

44.7

Metal mining ...
Iron ores
Copper ores .

10
101
102

43.8
45.3
45.7

43.7
45.3
44.4

43.1
43.5
44.3

44.1
42.9
47.3

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

44.1
44.1

45.2
45.6

45.3
45.2

45.8
45.8

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas .
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

44.6
42.7
45.6

44.0 |
44.4 j
43.7 i

45.4
41.3
47.8

44.6
41.8
46.2

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels .
Crushed and broken stone

14
142

45.9
46.6

43.3
42.1

46.9
48.4

46.0
47.4

38.3

37.0

38.4

38.7

Dec.
1993

Jan. j Nov.
1994 i 1994

Jan.
1995 p

Dec.
1994"

j

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction .

15
152
153
154

37.8
36.8
38.8
38.7

36.6
35.8
38.7
37.3

38.3
37.3
37.9
39.2

38.5
37.4
39.7
39.5

Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway .

16
161
162

40.9
40.1
41.2

39.8
38.0
40.4

41.8
42.2
41.6

41.3
40.0
41.8

17
171
172
173
j 174
j 175
i 176

37.8
39.3
36.6
39.9
35.4
36.4
33.4

36.5
38.8
34.8
38.8
33.5

34.8 j
30.9 i

37.6
39.0
35.9
39.3
35.3
36.6
34.6

38.1
40.0
36.8
40.5
35.4
36.5
33.9

42.4

41.5 ;

42.5

42.9

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning ,
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work
Manufacturing .

i
:
j
i
i
I

37.8

41.9

!
Durable goods .

43.4

Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

;24
i241
|242
i2421
J2426
i243
|2431
j2434
(2435
|2436
J244
|245
[2451
|249

41.6
39.5
42.9
43.3
41.8
41.7
40.9
42.0
42.1
43.4
39.3
41.0
41.4
42.0

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

|25
1251
|2511
J2512
J2514
i2515
I252
|253
!254
|259

41.4
40.8
40.4
41.2
43.4
39.3
43.9
41.7
41.4
43.2

See footnotes at end of table.

96




43.8

42.9

42.4 |

43.3

40.9 !
39.0 |
42.7 !

41.2
39.2
42.4
42.9
40.3
41.5
41.2
41.3
42.7
43.2
39.5
40.7
40.7
40.9

41.6
39.9
42.8
43.3
41.2
41.7
40.9
41.1
43.5
45.4
40.1
41.6
42.0
41.0

40.6 j

41.0
40.0
40.3
39.3 :
43.8 !

40.6

41.7 i

41.6
41.0
40.6
41.3
44.8
39.3
42.6
43.8

42.8 j
40.8 i

42.0 "I
40.7 I

43.1 i

41.4 '■
40.7 ;
39.6 :
40.2 !
41.7 ;
45.1 !
38.9 ;
40.3 j
40.8 !
40.9 i
39.9
39.4
39.6
38.7
40.9
39.4
41.0
41.4
40.4
39.1

4.8 !

i

4.2 I

5.0 ;

5.1

4.6

4.5 \

5.4 |
I
4.5 !
5.7 !
5.1 !
5.5 !
3.5 :
4.5 '
3.7 ;
4.6:
5.0 :
6.1
3.4 !
3.6 !
3.6 :
3.7;

5.6;

5.0

5.2 j

38.6 I
43.1 ;

4.5 I
4.9 I
5.2 !
5.6 !
4.1 !
4.3 :
3.6:
4.6 ■
4.9 !
5.1 |
3.4 |
4.0 j
4.3 ;
3.8

4.0 ;
4.6 ;
5.1 :
5.4 j
4.o;
3.5 !
2.8 !
3.2 !
4.6 !
5.5 j
3.0 !
3.6 :
3.8 :
3.2 :

3.8
3.4
3.0 j
3.6
5.8
2.9
4.6
4.1
4.3
4.4

3.1
2.9
2.8
2.7
4.0
3.5
3.4
3.7
3.6
2.3

.1-

:
i
;

;
|
i
|
:
:
:

i
3.6
2.9
2.8
2.4
6.0
2.7
4.7
4.2
4.9
3.7

!
i
|
;
;
■
!
:

;

4.5
5.7
5.2
5.5
4.0
4.3
3.1
4.7
5.3
6.3
3.7
4.0
4.1
3.6

:
:
;
■
;
!
.
:
:

;
|
!
\

4.1
3.6
3.1
3.7
6.5 !
3.4 '
4.9 '
5.2
4.9
3.7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

;12
|122

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

113
|131
j 138

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone

|14
'142

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

|15
i 152
M53
;154

Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

;16
! 161
J162

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

;17
,'171
1172
|173
|174
il75
i 176

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture ....
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture .
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures .

551.27
|24
|241
|242
12421
::2426
|243
;2431
:2434
I2435
J2436
I244
!245
;2451
I249

403.56

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

392.20

See footnotes at end of table.




97

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Nov. i Dec. ! Jan. Dec. i Jan. Nov.
1994 ■ 1994p i 1995p
1993 i 1994 1994

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat giass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown .,
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-rnixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

42.9
47.0
42.4
43.0
41.9
43.2
43.5
41.8
42.1
42.9
44.8
43.4
41.5
43.6
43.3
43.6

42.0 ;
45.2;
42.4 |
43.6 ;
41.3 ;
43.4 j
43.4 i
41.8 '
41.4 :
40.9 :
41.5 :
42.3 I
38.5 ;
42.9 i
43.0
43.8

43.7
48.0
44.2
44.0
44.4
44.1
43.7
41.8
40.7
44.3
45.6
43.4
44.0
43.2
43.7
41.3

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and stee! mills
Steel pipe and tubes
iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

;33
331
3312
|3317
J332
J3321
|3322
J3325
|333
J3334
|335
13351
;3353
;3357
|336
:3365

44.7
44.6
44.8
45.1
46.3
47.1
47.2
44.4
42.9
42.3
45.0
43.6
46.9
45.0
43.1
42.2

44.2
43.7
43.8
43.7
45.6
45.9
49.8
44.2
42.5
41.9
45.4
44.4
46.3
45.5
42.2
42.2

45.2
45.5
45.9
44.9
45.8
46.4
49.7
44.6
43.4
42.9
45.6
46.2
47.6
44.5
43.3
42.4

43.5
43.7
43.4
43.1
42.0
43.5
43.0
42.5
43.7
42.8
44.2
40.6
43.7
41.7
43.3
43.4
42.6
44.3
45.7
44.4
47.3
43.8
42.1
41.9
42.4
42.5
41.1
43.8
43.5
43.0

42.4
43.4
43.3
42.7
42.0
43.0
42.1
43.0
41 0
40 9
42.1
38.6
41.9
40.6
40.8
42.8
42.2
43.4
44.6
43.8
45.9
43 0
41.0
40.4
41.9
41.5
40.6
43.0
42.8
42.2

43.5 :
44.7 :
45.0 :
43.2 !
43.0 !
43.0 i
42.3 :
41.8 i
43.6 j
42.7 !
42.9
41.9 !
43.5 ;
41.8
42.6 |
44.2 I
43.5 ■
45.0 :
45.8 ■
43.5 I
48.3
43.2 ,
42.2 !
42.1 i
42.3 !
42.7
42.0 !
43.3 ;
43.4 !
41.8 j

Fabricated metal products
;34
Metal cans and shipping containers
;341
Metal cans
;3411
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
J342
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws ...;3423,5
Hardware, nee
J3429
Plumbing and heating, except electric
I343
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
i3432
Heating equipment, except electric
,3433
Fabricated structural metal products
J344
Fabricated structural metal
13441
Metal doors, sash, and trim
J3442
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
J3443
Sheet meta! work
;3444
Architectural metal work
]3446
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
I345
Screw machine products
'3451
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
;3452
Metal forgings and stampings
<346
!
Iron and steel forgings
3462
Automotive stampings
|3465
Metal stampings, nee
j3469
Metal services, nee
J347
Plating and polishing
13471
Metal coating and allied services
I3479
Ordnance and accessories, nee
|348
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
J3483
Misc. fabricated metal products
,349
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
',3494
Misc. fabricated wire products
J3496

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours

:
:
;
!
!
!
■
;
;
;
!
|
!
I
;

>
i
;
j
!
I
i
!
!
j
!
!
|
!
■

43.3
48.2
44.0
44.0
44.1
45.2
43.3
42.6
42.0
42.5
44.1
43.4
40.7
43.4
43.2 j
40.8 |

42.2

5.2
8.3
4.3
5.5
3.2
4.4
4.2
4.0
4.6
6.1
6.3
5.3
6.0
5.1
3.9
5.6

45.7 |
46.2 I
46.6 !
45.6 i
46.2 !
46.6 49.3 j
45.5 '
44.9 :
43.6 ;
45.9 :
46.1 ;
48.7 :
45.0 i
43.8 i
42.6 |

44.
45.

6.2
5.6
5.6
6.4
7.4
8.2
10.2
5.6
4.9
4.5
7.0
7.2
7.4
6.9
5.1
4.5

44.0
43.6
43.7
44.2
44.1
44.1
43.5
41.9
45.3
43.2
44.0
41.8
44.7
41.8
42.7
44.7
43.5
46.0
46.0
45.1
48.2
43.1
42.5
42.5
42.6
43.2
42.8
43.9
43.9
42.9

43.1

|
!
:
,
!
j
;
I
;
:

,
i
!
!
;
;
|
i
|
;
;
;

:

i
j
i
|
!

I

5.3
5.4
5.3
4.6
3.9
4.9 |
5.2 |
4.9 ;
5.4 ;
4.8 ;
5.8 j
3.3 I
5.6 ;
4.4
4.1
5.5
4.9
6.3
6.8
6.3
7.8 !
5.2;

4.5 :
4.3;
4.8;

4.2 |
3.4 !
5.4 j
5.5 i
4.7 :

Dec.
1994p

4.7
7.4
4.4
5.5
3.5
4.3
4.9
3.8
4.1
5.1
4.5
5.0
4.5
4.6
3.8 i
5.1 i

5.8
8.7
4.8
5.7
4.0
4.7
4.1
4.5
4.6
7.3 !
7.8 i
5.9 |
7.7 |
5.1 !
4.7 j
2.8 j

6.1
5.8
6.0
5.5
7.0
7.7
9.1
5.8 |
4.7 i
4.1 |
6.9
7.5
7.2;
6.5 |
4.6 !
4.4 '

7.1
7.2
7.6
6.3
8.1
9.3
9.7
6.0
5.7
5.3
7.5
8.6
9.6
6.2
5.3
5.2

4.6
5.6
5.5
4.2
3.8
4.5
4.2
4.8
3.2
3.8
4.7
2.5
4.5
3.5
3.5
5.4
4.9
6.0
6.0
5.9
6.7
4.8
3.9
3.5
4.6
3.8
3.0
4.8
4.7
3.8

5.5
6.8
6.8
5.0
4.9
4.9
4.5
4.0
5.6
5.0
5.3
4.3
5.3
4.5
5.0
6.0
5.6
6.5
7.4
6.0
9.0
5.4
4.9
4.7
5.1
4.6
3.4
5.1
5.1
4.2

98




5.4 '
9.0 ;
4.4 !
5.4 |
3.5 ',
5.4 :,
4.5 ;
4.7 !
4.8 j
5.9 |
6.6 !
5.6 !
5.5 i
5.4 !
4.1 |
3.1 ;
7.2 I
7.1 !
7.4 '
6.9 :
8.3 :
9.4 ;
10.1 '
6.6 ;
6.1 i
5.4 |
7.7 |
8.5;
8.8 ;
7.0 :
5.7 i
5.1 j
5.7
5.9
5.7
5.4
5.2
5.5
5.0
4.1
6.4
5.1
5.7
3.6
6.1
4.4
4.7
6.4
5.8
7.1
7.5
7.1
9.1
5.1
5.2
5.1
5.3
4.8
3.7
5.4
5.1
4.4

L

See footnotes at end of table.

Jan.
1995p

■
:
!

!
:
;
i
!
|
|
:
|
;
!
j
!
j
j
'
!
:
'
!
!

-

-

...
"
^_ . .

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown .
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products .
Asbestos products

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

1987
SIC
| Dec.
Code
! 1993

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
J3292

I33
J331
J3312
J3317
'332
13321
i3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

Fabricated metal products
!34
Metal cans and shipping containers
i341
Metal cans
J3411
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
;342
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws ...! 3423,5
Hardware, nee
13429
Plumbing and heating, except electric
|343
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
J3432
Heating equipment, except electric
j3433
Fabricated structural metal products
344
Fabricated structural metal
3441
Metal doors, sash, and trim
I3442
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
|3443
Sheet metal work
|3444
Architectural metal work
I3446
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
|345
Screw machine products
J3451
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
I3452
Metal forgings and stampings
J346
Iron and steel forgings
i3462
Automotive stampings
;3465
Metal stampings, nee
J3469
Metal services, nee
!347
Plating and polishing
13471
Metal coating and allied services
J3479
Ordnance and accessories, nee
|348
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
[3483
Misc. fabricated metal products
;349
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
|3494
Misc. fabricated wire products
I3496

Average hourly earnings
Jan.
1994

$11.95 $11.96
17.92
17.97
13.54
13.42
13.88
13.83
13.21
13.04
10.67
10.46
15.35
15.25
10.48
10.50
10.44
10.39
11.22
11.37
10.56
10.62
10.10
10.27
11.90
12.01
12.55
12.50
11.00
10.89
14.53|
14.85

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994p

Average weekly earnings
Jan. ;
1995p !

Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994 p

Jan.
1995 p

2.20 $12.21 $12.22! $512.66; $502.32; $533.14! $528.69 $515.68
844.59! 809.98; 882.72; 887.36I
18.41
8.39
569.01 574.10! 609.08: 605.44l
13.76
3.78
594.69 605.17; 623.92 [ 628.76
14.29
4.18
546.38 545.571 597.62! 587.85
13.33
3.46
451.87 463.08, 473.19! 493.13
10.91
0.73
663.38 666.19! 705.32! 686.74
15.86
6.14
438.90 438.06! 448.10! 454.12
10.66
0.72
437.42 432.22! 433.86! 444.36
10.58
0.66
487.77 458.90; 517.42! 495.98
11.67
1.68
475.78 438.24; 497.041 478.49
10.85
0.90
445.72 427.23! 451.36! 457.87
10.55
0.40
498.42 458.15! 547.80: 504.27
12.39
2.45
545.00 538.401 543.461 545.10
12.56
2.58
471.54 473.00! 480.70! 480.38
11.12
1.00
647.46 636.411 642.22; 644.64
15.80
5.55

14.26
16.56
17.77
13.05
13.18
13.96
14.72
11.66!
15.38 J
15.56!
13.50!
13.08,!
16.40
13.44
11.44
10.82

14.16
16.56
17.81
12.92
12.98
13.741
13.69
11.781
15.08|
15.24!
13.38!
13.01 j
15.58!
13.54!
11.38!
10.62

14.43
17.13
18.48
13.40
13.36
14.14
15.091
12.03
15.68
15.67
13.45
13.48
16.00
13.26
11.32
10.58

14.51
17.12
18.44
13.41
13.64
14.48
15.79
12.18
15.46
15.42
13.57
13.64
15.86
13.56
11.44
10.70

14.52
17.22

637.42
738.58
796.10
588.56
610.23
657.52
694.78
517.70
659.80
658.19
607.50
570.29
769.16
604.80
493.06
456,60

11.91
15.30
16.42
11.85
11.20
11.86
10.58
9.92
10.85
10.98
10.87
9.28!
12.48J
11.19
9.87!
11.70
10.95
12.54
14.53
13.98
16.80
11.26
9.75|
9.841
9.60!
13.67
13.81
11.11
11.46
9.79

11.87
15.26
16.35
11.81
11.20
11.80
10.58
9.92
10.841
10.91!
10.85;
9.22!
12.32!
11.12
10.00
11.79
10.94
12.74
14.35
13.86
16.53
11.18|
9.75!
9.84|
9.60
13.69
13.89
11.10
11.38
9.90

12.03
15.50!
16.491
12.11J
11.19
12.18J
10.71
10.14
10.91
11.09
11.11
9.41
12.45
11.35
10.27
11.80
11.04
12.66
14.58
13.88
16.79
11.33
9.90
9.87
9.94
13.78
14.13
11.28
11.62
10.10

12.09
15.37
16.40
12.14
11.21
12.25
10.59;
9.99!
10.85)
11.20;
11.20!
9.43!
12.53
11.44
10.36
11.87
11.16
12.66
14.66
14.14
16.81
11.44
10.01
9.94
10.13
13.69J
13.881
11.33 j
11.53!
10.01!

12.06;
|
!
!
!
;
'
|
i
j
j
i
■
j
J
!
!
!
;
!
,
!
!
j
j
i
!
!
!
j

518.09 503.29!
668.61 662.281
712.63 707.96;
510.74 504.29!
470.40 470.40!
515.91; 507.40'
454.94; 445.42;
421.60; 426.56!
474.15! 444.44!
469.94! 446.22!
480.45; 456.79!
376.77: 355.891
545.38| 516.21 j
466.62! 451.47J
427.37I 408.00!
507.78I 504.61!
466.47' . 461.67>
555.52! 552.92!
664.02; 640.01!
620.71 j 607.07;
794.64i 758.73'
493.19; 480.74
410.481 399.75;'
412.301 397.54
407.04; 402.24.
580.98! 568.14!
567.59! 563.93
486.62; 477.30
498.51; 487.06
420.97! 417.78

625.871
723.67'
780.08!
564.60 j
591.89!
630.67!
681.76;
520.68;
640.90;
638.56!
607.45
577.64
721.35
616.07 i
480.24|
448.16!

|

649.04
778.34

652.24!
779.42;
848.23!
601.66!
611.89!
656.10;
749.97!
536.54!
680.51:
672.24;
613.32;
622.78:
761.60:
590.07^
490.16:
448.59'

663.11
790.94
859.30
611.50
630.17
674.77
778.45!
554.19!
694.15J
672.31;
622.86
628.80
772.38
610.20
501.07
455.82

523.31:
692.85;
742.05;
523.15!
481.171
523.74 j
453.03!
423.85!
475.68^
473.54 j
476.62:
394.28,
541.58:
474.43;
437.50
521.56,
480.24
569.70!
667.76;
603.78 i
810.96!
489.46J
417.78i
415.53!
420.46!
588.41!
593.46!
488.42;
504.31!
422.18'

531.96
519.79
670.13
716.68
536.59
494.36
540.23
460.67
418.58
491.51
483.84
492.80;
394.17
560.09
478.19
442.37
530.59
485.46
582.36 j
674.36;
637.71;
810.24!
493.06
425.43

422.45
431.54
591.41
594.06
497.39
506.17|
429.43!

See footnotes at end of table.




99

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Average weekly hours

Average overtime hours

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
See footnotes at end of table.

100




i
'35
'351
J3511
13519
J352
;3523
|353
;3531
,3532
I3533
I3535
3537
!354
'3541
;3542
J3544
i3545
i3546
J355
J3552
;3555
J3556
'356
;3561
|3562
;3563
I3564
|3566
|3568
1357
J3571
j
[3575,,8,9;
J358
j3585
J359
J3592
'3596,
'36
|361
13612
13613
;362
;3621
I3625
;363
! 3632
|3633
|3634
!364
13641
J3643
i3644
13645
|365
13651
1366
3661
1367
13671
;3674
;3679
;369
,3691
-3694

44.4
47.1
46.9
47.1
43.1
44.0
45.1
44.6
43.8 |
48.3
45.7
43.1
44.6
44.6
46.7
44.9
44.4
43.6
44.6
42.4
44.8
44.6
44.3
44.7
44.7
45.0
43.1
45.2
44.9
42.9
43.9

43.5
44.6
42.9
45.3
43.5
43.4
44.1
44.5
43.2
46.8
43.0
41.1
44.2
44.1
44.9
44.8
43.2
42.4
43.7
42.0
43.8
43.1
43.2
43.7
44.8
43.7
41.5
42.0
43.4
42.0
41.9

43.9
45.8
43.5
46.7
42.4
42.2
44.2
43.6
44.4
45.9
44.3
43.4
44.7
44.9
47.3
44.9
44.5
42.5
44.4
42.5
43.9
44.1
44.0
43.7
45.6
45.9
43.3
43.5
43.4
43.1
44.4

44.8
46.7
43.8
47.9
42.8
43.2
44.9
44.4
44.9
45.6
46.1
43.7
45.7
46.6
49.3
45.9
45.7
41.9
45.7
43.8
45.4
45.5
45.1
45.2
47.3
46.1
43.3
45.0
45.7
43.5
45.0

43.0
44.9
45.5
44.2
44.9
43.9

41.4
43.8
44.7
42.9
44.2
42.8

42.3
43.2
43.6
43.7
45.4
43.6

41.3
44.0
44.3
44.5
46.5
44.2

43.0
44.0
44.5
43.4
43.7
43.3
44.2
42.6
41.3
46.2
42.3
43.3
45.2
42.3
43.5
40.2
41.5
42.8
44.6
46.2
42.2
42.6
41.8
41.9
43.7
44.4
44.1

42.1
42.4
42.5
42.2
43.0
43.6
41.6
41.7
41.7
44.4
40.1
42.4
47.0
41.6
43.2
37.9
40.4
41.2
42.4
43.4
41.7
43.2
42.6
40.6
42.7
43.7
43.1

42.6
42.2
42.1
42.2
43.1
43.2
42.7
41.4
40.4
39.9
42.7
42.9
44.6
41.6
43.6
40.6
43.1
42.2
43.7
45.9
41.9
43.1
42.1
41.5
43.9
45.3
44.6

43.1
42.9
42.6
43.2
44.4
45.3
43.0
41.2
42.1
37.4
41.3
43.5
44.9
41.9
44.4
41.8
42.1
42.5
45.4
48.6
42.1
41.1
41.3
42.2
44.5
45.0
45.6

44.1

5.8:
7.4 ■
8.0 ;
7.1 :
4.6 ;
5.1 :
6.1 i
5.7 j
6.3 I
7.2 j
7.4 j
5.1 i
6.3
5.8 '
6.7 !
6.9 !
5.1 i
5.5 :
6.1 :
4.3 ;
6.7 '
6.1 ;
5.4 I
6.2 !
6.5 |
5.3 !
4.0 I
6.1 !
5.5 I
4.2
4.5 ;

5.1
5.2
4.9
5.3
4.9
4.8
5.5
5.8
5.6
6.7
5.2
3.9
6.1
5.5
5.9
7.0
4.6
4.2
5.5
4.4
6.1
5.0
4.7
4.7
6.3
4.9
3.3
4.8
5.0
3.4
3.5

5.6
6.3
5.7
6.5
3.9
3.9
5.8
5.0
6.9
6.4
6.7
5.3
6.6
6.6
8.0
7.3
5.5
4.5
6.3
4.9
6.4
5.6
5.5
5.1
7.4
5.6
4.3
6.4
5.1
3.9
3.8

4.6 i

3.1
5.1
5.9
5.1
6.2
5.1

4.6
4.7
4.9
5.9
6.9
5.9

4.0
4.1
4.3
3.9
4.2
4.8
3.1
3.1
1.9
5.1
2.4
4.1
5.6
3.8
3.6
2.1
3.5
3.5
3.5
4.2
4.2
5.0
4.9
3.3
4.7
6.3
4.9

4.6
4.1
3.7
4.5
4.6
4.8
4.2
3.1
.9
2.9
4.6
4.3
4.0
3.8
3.6
3.8
6.5
5.3
4.3
4.7
4.6
4.6
5.0
4.0
5.9
7.4
6.1

6.o ;

42.2

6.7
5.7
6.8
5.6

:
I
!
;

4.8
4.8
5.3
4.3
4.6
4.2
4.9
3.9
2.1
6.7
3.7
4.8
5.5
4.0
3.6
3.2
4.6
4.5
5.4
6.6
4.7
4.8
5.1
4.0
5.3
6.0
6.0

|
|
:
!
I
■
I
.
I
I
.
.
■
;
'
'
l
I
i
I
|
I
!
!
I

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1987
SIC
Code

35
'351
3511
!3519
352
!3523
J353
13531
,3532
I3533
J3535
;3537
|354
;3541
!3542
13544
I3545
i3546
|355
'3552
3555
3556
;356
13561
J3562
;3563
;3564
|3566
|3568
'357
13571
;3575,8,9
|358
3585
359
.3592
3596,9
;36
1361
13612
i3613
i362
13621
;3625
;363
I3632
J3633
|3634
|364
!3641
I3643
3644
I3645
I365
J3651
]366
J3661
|367
13671
i3674
'3679
;369
-3691
3694

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Dec.
1993

Jan.

; Nov.

1994

i 1994

$12.99 $12.92 $13.10 $13.18 $13.13! $576.76| $562.02 $575.09
- ! 787.04! 730.10 747.46
16.15
16.32
16.37
16.71
- ! 815.59 725.87 774.74
17.87
17.81
16.92
17.39
- | 773.38 731.60 736.46
15.53
15.77
16.15
16.42
12.77
12.70
12.26
12.42
- ; 535.30 533.311 538.48
13.76J
13.63
13.27
13.41
- ! 590.04 575.92! 575.19
12.85!
12.81
13.14
13.21
- ! 595.77 579.47! 566.20
13.47|
13.56
14.74
14.79
- ! 659.63 655.93! 591.22
14.21
14.04
13.68
13.51
- | 591.74 590.98 i 623.38
11.95
11.99
11.96
12.14
- I 586.36 559.731 550.34
12.67
12.42
12.05
12.19
- I 557.08 518.15, 550.21
11.56
11.51
11.19
11.30
- ! 487.03 459.911 499.53!
13.86
13.80
13.60
13.54
- j 603.88 601.12! 616.86
14.10
14.07
13.91
13.87
618.60 613.43! 631.74
14.33
14.22
13.92
13.92
650.06 625.01' 672.61
14.41
14.35
14.18
14.10
633.09 635.26 644.32
12.15
12.08
11.94
11.91
528.80 515.81 537.56
11.45
11.36
11.17
11.25
490.50! 473.61 482.80
13.72
13.61
13.39
13.47
600.76! 585.14 604.28
11.87
11.56| 11.61 j 11.80
490.14! 487.62 501.50
15.67
15.49J 15.40! 15.73
693.95 674.52 690.55
13.34
13.09! 13.08! 13.11
583.81 563.75 578.15
12.96
12.741 12.631 12.86
564.38 545.62 565.84
13.95J 13.64J 13.93 13.88
623.57 596.07 608.74
14.42
14.23
13.80
619.10 618.24 648.89
13.38
13.54
12.95
584.55 565.92 621.49
10.77
10.58
10.42
455.14 432.43 458.11
13.79
13.79
13.48
618.79 566.16 599.87
12.65
12.68
12.65
576.07 549.01 550.31
13.211 13.29
12.67
547.83 532.14 569.35
14.38! 14.48
13.66
604.50 572.35 638.47
12.85
11.63
11.85
12.40
13.64
12.03

12.48
11.52
11.76
12.34
13.62
12.00

12.99
11.79
12.01
12.57
14.00
12.21

11.41
11.13
10.59
11.72
10.76
10.04
12.13
10.72
11.76
13.42
8.44
11.22
11.89
10.95
10.55
8.25
11.11
11.60
12.08
13.34
11.32
13.15
14.41
9.64 J
12.701
13.78|
13.43!

11.55
11.27
10.66
11.94
10.97
10.27
12.40
11.02
11.85
13.59
8.89
11.24
11.65
11.09
10.55
8.53
11.59
12.23
12.08
13.21
11.32
13.47
14.18
9.66
13.14!
14.53!
13.691

13.16
11.83
11.98
12.74
13.98
12.38
11.60

552.55
522.19
539.18
548.08
612.44
528.12

516.67
504.58
525.67
529.39
602.00
513.60

549.48
509.33
523.64
549.31
635.60
532.36

495.36
490.60
474.37
507.35
478.52
437.76
548.08
452.41
474.54
617.23
352.36
484.09
525.22
462.34
458.49
334.87
464.80
495.62
555.27
640.33
481.081
561.47
615.30
408.94
564.60
628.26
606.38

480.36
471.91
450.08
494.58
462.68
437.74
504.61
447.02
490.39
595.85
338.44
475.73
558.83
455.52
455.76
312.68
448.84
477.92
512.19!
578.96 j
472.04!
568.08!
613.87!
391.38
542.29
602.19
578.83

492.03
475.59
448.79
503.87
472.81
443.66
529.48
456.23
478.74
542.24
379.60
482.20
519.59J
461.34
459.98!

Dec.
1994 p

$590.46
754.21
782.71
743.89
546.56
594.43
576.97
598.07
638.03
544.92
584.09
505.17
633.40
657.06
706.47
661.42
555.26
479.76
627.00
519.91
711.42
606.97
584.50
627.38
682.07
616.82
466.34
620.55
578.11
578.12
651.60

346.32 J
499.53I
516.11!
527.90
606.34!
474.311 477.841
580.561 556.08i
596.98! 591.42
400.89 j 409.34
576.85; 588.29
658.21; 657.90
610.57! 628.82

See footnotes at end of table.




101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Average weekly hours
Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Dec.
1994p

j Nov.
| 1994

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

37
371
3711
;3713
J3714
;3715
|372
13721
I3724
J3728
!373
13731
J3732
;374
;376
13761
|379
I3792

44.9
46.6
47.3
44.5
46.9
43.7
42.9
41.6
45.5
43.3
41.2
41.6
40.2
43.2
43.2
44.1
40.5
38.8

43.7
45.4
44.9
42.7
46.3
43.5
41.7
40.7
43.2
42.2
40.0
40.5
39.0
42.3
42.1
43.2
40.4
39.2

45.0
46.6
47.4
44.8
46.5
43.4
42.9
41.5
44.1
44.2
41.4
42.7
39.1
46.9

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

'38
1381
|382
;3822
|3823
I3825
j384
j3841
'3842
|385
;386
I387

42.1
41.7
42.9
42.6
43.1
43.1
41.8
42.0
41.7
39.2
42.3
41.5

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

;39
'391
|3911
|393
!394
3942,^
3949
395
396
|3961
!399
I3993

!
!
j
i
!
j
;
!

Average overtime hours
Jan.
1995p

Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

6.3
7.8
8.6
5.8
7.7
5.1
5.0
4.3
7.0
4.8
3.0
3.0
3.0
4.7
3.6
3.6
3.6
2.8

5.4
6.7
6.5
4.6
7.2
4.8
3.8
3.6
4.1
3.8
3.1
3.2
2.9
3.3
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.2

6.7
8.2
9.4
5.8
7.9
5.4
5.0
4.2
5.8
5.6
3.3
3.7
2.7
6.4
4.5 I
4.8
2.8
2.1

2.9
2.0
2.8
3.5
2.3
2.2
3.0
3.3
2.7
2.1
4.8
2.1

3.6
3.1
3.5
3.8
3.3
2.7
3.5
3.2
3.7
2.0
5.7
5.3

44.5
45.9

43.4 I
39.3 j
38.7 |

45.7
47.1
47.7
46.6
47.1
44.1
44.3
43.3
45.4
45.1
42.3
43.4
40.4
48.3
43.4
43.8
38.9
38.2

41.5
41.6
42.0
41.6
41.9
42.2
41.0
41.5
40.3
39.3
43.5
40.4

42.0
41.8
43.0
43.1
43.1
42.4
41.3
41.0
41.3
39.2
43.2
44.0

42.5
42.4 !
43.6
43.7
43.6
43.3
42.1
42.1
42.2
38.8
42.8
42.1

42.0

40.6
39.3
38.8
40.3 |
40.2
38.7
41.2
42.6
40.5
40.7
40.9
41.3

39.7
37.6
37.0
40.1
39.7
37.7
40.9
40.4
40.7
41.0
40.0
40.3

40.7 |
39.6 j
39.4 I
41.5 !
41.1 j
39.6 !
42.0 !
41.0 i
40.2
40.6:
40.6 !
41.8 !

40.5
38.8
38.4
41.9
40.7
38.5
42.0
40.9
39.0
38.2
40.9
42.3

39.6

3.3 j
2.8 i
2.8 j
2.4
3.1
2.2
3.6
2.9
4.0
4.7
3.7
3.9

2.8
1.7
1.6
2.0
3.0
1.9
3.7
2.0
3.8
4.4
3.1
3.2

3.7
3.5
3.6
3.2
3.9
3.4
4.3
3.0
3.7
4.3
3.8
4.4

41.2

40.4

41.5

41.6

40.7

4.2

3.8

4.5

41.3
40.9
42.9
41.6
39.5
41.3
40.0
42.5
41.1
44.4
40.8
39.2
46.4
47.2
44.6

40.3
40.6
42.8
41.2
39.1
41.2
38.6
42.3
39.9
42.9
39.7
38.9
44.5
44.0
44.3

42.2
42.4
45.5
43.9
40.2
42.8
40.7
43.4
41.1
45.1
40.5
39.6
46.2
48.1
45.1

42.2
42.1
45.7
43.9
39.4
42.8
41.5 |
43.1 !
41.4
43.9
39.7
41.0
47.4
48.0
45.7

41.1

4.7
4.5
5.7
4.9 I
3.6 '
4.1
3.4
4.5
4.5
5.4
3.6
3.9
7.3
6.9
7.1

4.2
4.3
5.6
4.7
3.3
4.0
2.9
4.4
3.7
5.0
2.9
3.5
6.8
5.5
7.2

5.3
5.5
7.0
6.3
4.3
5.2
4.4
5.2
4.6
7.3
4.0
3.9
7.7
8.6
6.9

!

!
:
!
|

43.0 I

|
i
I
!
;
|
!
■
!
;
j
j

102




j
!
I
j
j
!
I
!
|

3.4 j
3.6
4.3
3.3
2.8
3.6
3.7
3.5
2.0
4.4
2.9

I
|
|
!
!
|
|
!
!
!

I

Nondurable goods .

See footnotes at end of table.

|

2.6 I

i

Food and kindred products
,
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing ...
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ....
Prepared feeds, nee

Nov. i Dec.
1994 I 1994p

20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048

Jan.
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

i 1987
| SIC
i Code

Average hourly earnings
T"
Dec. i Jan.
Nov.
Dec.
1993 j 1994
1994p
1994

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

\
|37
-371
|3711
J3713
13714
13715
;372
J3721
:3724
J3728
I373
J3731
J3732
1374
|376
J3761
:379
J3792

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

I38
|381
|382
;3822
^3823
i3825
J384
|3841
J3842
;385
|386
1387

12.46J

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

139
!391
13911
'393
;394
j 3942,4
J3949
|395
|396
13961
j399
I3993

Nondurable goods .
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products .
Prepared feeds, nee

|20
J201
J2011
;2013
J2015
J202
i2022
J2026
|203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048

Average weekiy earnings
Jan. ; Dec.
1995p i 1993

Jan.
1994

|
|

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994p

Jan.
1995p

$1642 $16.26 $16.63! S16.84J $16.80 $737.26! $710.56 $748.35; $769.59
16.69! 17.10
16.88
17.35! 17.13 786.611 757.73 796.86; 817.19
975.80 910.12 980.23 1,001.70
20.27! 20.68- 21.00!
20.63
663.05 626.41 653.63 685.95
14.67' 14.59
14.90
14.72J
15.60
713.35 704.22 725.40 744.18
15.21
15.21
15.80;
10.16
9.87
10.04
438.75! 429.35 440.94 448.94
10.18!
18.24
17.56
17.76
762.76J 732.25 782.50 817.78
18.46!

(2)

0

(2)

O

$17.13 $16.82 $17.58 $17.81
16.41
16.21
16.05
15.89
12.53
12.56
12.44
12.61
13.98
14.00
13.56
13.80
9.83
9.85!
9.87
9.90
15.66
15.34J 15.13
15.66
17.68
17.311 17.41
17.73
2

$779.42 $726.62 $775.28
694.97 670.56 716.48
512.53 504.40 519.98
564.10 558.90 597.80
396.77 386.10 385.14!
662.69 640.00 734.45!
747.79 732.96 760.241

$11.07' $11.00 $10.87; $11.15i
10.611 10.63
10.731 10.89!

$448.34 $444.40 $427,191 $433.74
411.67 416.70 415.25! 416.00

O

!

(2)

()

0

12.411
16.39J
12.261
11.1u!
11.72|
13.43J
11.03!
10.851
10.361
9.13
15.00
8.44

12.54
16.95
12.28
10.90
11.94
13.70
11.24
10.88
10.67
9.31
15.12
8.54

9.58
9.78
9.74
9.53
8.88
8.71
8.97
10.31
8.28
7.34
10.16
10.48

9.57
9.74
9.68
9.59
8.98
8.84
9.05
10.36!
8.11
6.98

9.771
10.07
10.05
9.66
9.21
8.83
9.42
10.79
8.26
7.13

10.11
10.28

11.16
10.63
8.63
9.47
9.95
7.59
11.89
10.64
12.55
10.38
13.65
10.73.
9.391
12.89)
10.76!

16.651
12.331
11.281
11.85!
13.37
11.04
10.83
10.40
9.03
14.89
8.31

10.39J

$808.57
740.09
530.02
606.73!
397.13!
756.38!
769.48

12.62
17.06
12.34
10.99
11.92
13.69
11.43
11.06
10.84
9.39
14.94
8.64

12.58

524.57
694.31
528.96
480.53
510.74
576.25
461.47
454.86
433.68
353.98
629.85
344.87

515.02J
681.82!
514.92!
461.76;
491.07;
566.75;
452.23|
450.28!
417.51!
358.81!
652.50
340.98

526.68
708.51
528.04
469.79
514.61
580.88
464.21
446.08
440.67
364.95
653.18
375.76

536.35
723.34
538.02
480.26
519.71
592.78
481.20
465.63
457.45
364.33
639.43
363.74

9.94

388.95
384.35
377.91
384.06
356.98
337.08
369.56
439.21
335.34
298.74
415.54
432.82

379.93
366.22
358.16
384.56!

10.23
10.65

9.89
10.18
10.13
9.77
9.21
8.92
9.37
10.93
8.46
7.15
10.39
10.86

286.18;
404.40 j
414.28

397.64
398.77
395.97
400.89
378.53
349.67
395.64
442.39
332.05
289.48
415.34
445.17

400.55
394.98
388.99
409.36
374.85
343.42!
393.54
447.04
329.94
273.13
424.95
459.38

11.16

11.36

11.42

11.43

459.79

450.86

471.44

475.07

10.59
8.59
9.35
9.94
7.58
11.85
10.41
12.59
10.41
13.55
10.93
9.42
12.85
10.77
10.41

10.82
8.88
9.65
10.08
7.91
12.27
10.91
12.94
10.24
13.96
10.50
9.16
13.41
11.43
10.60

10.88
8.88
9.62
10.13
7.90
12.27
10.86
12.96
10.53)
13.59!
11.09 j
9.73
i3.6l|
11.65!
10.71

10.87

439.02;
352.97 j
406.26;
413.92|
299.811
491.06 i
425.601
533.38]
426.62 i
606.06
437.78
368.09
598.10
507.87
463.39

426.78
348.75
400.18
409.53
296.38
488.22
401.83
532.56
415.36
581.30
433.92 j
366.44;
571.83
473.88
461.16

456.60
376.51
439.08
442.51
317.98
525.16
444.04
561.60
420.86
629.60
425.25
362.74
619.54
549.78
478.06

459.14
373.85
439.63
444.71
311.26
525.16
450.69
558.58
435.94
596.60
440.27
398.93
645.11
559.20
489.45

!

356.511
333.27;
370.15!
418.54;

330.081

See footnotes at end of table.




103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994 I

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994 r

42.7 i
42.3 |
59.9 !
50.0 j
39.8 !
39.8 j
46.0 !
43.3 i
48.8 !
41.9 i
40.3 ;

41.3 :
41.8 !
56.1 i
46.6 j
40.7 |
39.9 i
46.9 |
43.1 i
46.2 j
43.1 |
40.4 ;

5,|
4.5 !
15.2 ■
7.3 |
4.1 |

4.2
3.8
11.4
5.6
4.4
2.9
6.1
4.0
6.0
3.3
3.6

5.1
4.7
15.9
9.5
3.5
3.3
7.7
5.5
9.3
4.5
4.4

37.5 i
37.3 j

39.8 !
40.6 i

41.1 :
41.4 :

39.9

2.2
2.1

2.2
2.1

5.0
6.1

42.2 :
42.7 :
42.8 ;
43.6 j
40.3;
40.0 I

41.2
40.9
42.2
44.7

41.9 |
43.0 ;

42.1 ;

41.5

40.1 |

38.9 !
37.1 ;

4.9
6.0
4.9
6.5
3.2
3.4
3.2
4.1
2.4
2.2
4.4
6.6
7.2
5.8
7.2
4.4
4.6
3.3
5.5

4.4
5.0
4.7
6.5
2.2
3.1
3.6
3.3
2.2
2.1 ;
4.0 i
5.4 ;
5.4 i
4.9 j
6.1 i
4.3 j
4.6 !
3.1 !
5.3 |

4.8
6.3
4.8
4.7
3.4
3.7
3.6
3.6
3.4
2.6
4.3
5.4
5.9
5.0
5.9
4.6
4.8
3.7
5.1

37.3

2.0
1.4
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.6
1.4
.7
1.9
1.3
1.3
2.0
1.8
2.6
1.9
2.1
1.5
3.9
3.1
3.1
5.6

1.7 i
1.3 |
1.4 !

2.2
1.4
2.1
1.9
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.0
2.0
1.5
1.8
2.4
2.3
2.8
2.2
1.7
1.9
3.4
2.4 !
3.2 |
3.9 !

40.5
40.0
51.1 I
43.6 j
42.7 ;
37.9 |
43.3 !
39.9 :
41.4 i
39.3 i
38.0 i

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

37.4 !
37.0

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics .
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks ....
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool.
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226

39.4 I
38.8 |
40.2 I
40.8 !
44.5 ,
45.3 i
43.3 ;
45.2 ';
41.6 ;
41.8
39.6 ;
44.3 ;

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts ..
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses ....
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies .
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391

37.6 '
37.2 !

I2392
J2396

39.8 !
41.8 I

Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills

26
|262
:263

44.5 ;
45.9 ;
45.6 ;

104




Nov.
1994

4.9
4.8

2052.C
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

See footnotes at end of table.

Jan.
1994

3.7
3.4

40.7 ;

2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

Dec.
1993

4.5 j
4.2|

38.7
37.7

J2261

Jan.
1995 p

40.6 '
40.2 !

40.3 i
39.5 I
i
42.0 |
41.7 !
57.6 i
45.9 i
40.8
39.4
45.5
40.9
42.3
40.9 ;
39.8 ;

205
2051

Average overtime hours

37.1 I

36.2 I
36.8 I
38.3 !
36.1 i
35.9 i
36.2 ;
36.3 !
36.1 :
37.7 !
37.4 !
38.8 I
38.0 i
37.7 ■
37.1
40.3 :
39.6 !

39.6 |

Dec. j Jan.
1994 p | 1995 p

i

i
!
|
!

39.1 i

39.2 :

38.7 !
39.9 ;
40.6 i
42.6 :
42.8 '
41.9 i
44.0 ;
40.8 |
41.1 ;
38.9 !
43.7 i
36.8 :
36.1 j
36.3;
35.1 :
36.7 j
36.8 i
35.7 :
35.4
35.5 :
35.3 ;
35.8 !
37.2 i

36.6 I
39.6 I
37.4 !
37.4 !
36.2 ;
38.9 ;
36.9 I
37.7 i
40.2 j

43.7 I
45.3 !
45.8

42.1 i

41.0 ]
39.2 |
40.6 i
40.5 !
39.9 !
40.2 ;
39.7 i
41.4 !
42.5 ;
43 6 j
41.6 :
43.1 :
42.1 j
42.4 ;
40.0 !

43.2 |
38.0 I
36.4 I
38.4 '
38.0 ;
38.0 !
38.1

!

36.2 :
35.9 !
36.6 ■
34.9 ;
36.3 !
38.2 i
38.2 ;
38.3 !
38.0 !
36.8 !
37.8 !
40.1 i
38.8 i
39.6 !
41.0 '
44.3 |
46.3 ;
45.9

3.3 j
6.8 ;
4.4 '
6.2
4.1
4.2

42.8 :
42.2 '■
42.2 ;
40.7 '
40.2
39.8
39.4 ;
39.6 j
39.5 !
41.2 !
43.7 ;
44.8 '
42.3 |
44.6 '
42.0 j
42.5 ;
38.8 :
43.3 i
38.1 :

36.4 ;
38.1 f
37.6

38.2 j
37.7 !
36.8 |
35.8 I
35.4 :
36.2 !
37.4 :'
37.9 :
37.5 :
39.5 :
38.6 ;
38.2 !
38.0 :
40.0
39.1 !
39.0 i
40.4 ,
44.7 |
46.1 i
46.1 :

44.0
;
:

5.6
6.2
7.0

1.1 I

1.5 |
1.2 j
1.3 i

•8i
1.6
1.0
1.3
1.6
1.3
2.8
1.9
2.4
1.3
3.0
1.5
2.1
4.5
5.1
5.7
6.8

i
;
i
|
!

5.9 I
6.4 |
7.7 ;

6.0 !
6.4 |
7.3 !

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

205
2051

Average hourly earnings
Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994p

Average weekly earnings
Jan.
1995p

Dec.

Jan.

1993

1994

Nov.
1994

T" Dec.
1994p

Jan.
1995p

$473.53 $451.63 $479.85 $476.24!
459.78 438.45 463.72! 470.74 j

$11.75 $11.67 $11.79 $11.73
11.71
11.64
11.71
11.63

i

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

11.94
11.01
10.84
16.04
11.62
9.90
11.11
14.83
20.18
12.13
9.89

11.74
11.27
11.49
16.06
11.57
10.15
11.07
14.69
19.83
12.19
9.79

11.91
11.32
11.02
16.07
11.87
10.36
11.39
15.56
21.30
12.24
9.79

11.77
11.37
11.10
15.80
12.33
10.27
11.38
15.43
21.12
12.38
9.87

501.48
459.12
624.38
736.24
474.10
390.06
505.51
606.55
853.61
496.12
393.62

475.47 508.56:
450.80 478.84!
587.14 660.10;
700.22 803.50 i
494.04 472.43 i
384.69 412.33!
479.331 523.94!
586.131 673.75i
820.96 i1,039.441
479.071 512.86!
372.02! 394.54!

486.10J
475.27!
622.71 j
736.28;
501.831
409.77
533.72
665.03
975.74
533.58
398.75

i

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

|21
211

16.55
21.95

16.69
21.61

19.12
24.28

18.20 $18.59
24.35

618.97
812.15

625.881 760.98J 748.02 $741.74
806.05' 985.771 1,008.09

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics .
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills .
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool .
Finishing plants, cotton .
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs .
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills .
Miscellaneous textile goods ...

22
221
222
223
224
225
12251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
'2262
'227
228
2281
2282
229

9.01
9.36
9.86
9.39
8.32
8.16
7.63
7.94
7.66
8.06
9.35
9.31
9.25
9.64
9.12
8.72
8.69
9.03
10.56

9.03
9.33
9.92
9.59
8.25
8.25
7.88
8.03
7.74
8.21
9.30
9.21
9.05
9.64
9.11
8.76
8.72
9.09
10.50

9.27
9.76
10.21
9.66
8.58
8.45
7.86
8.14
8.00
8.52
9.37
9.45
9.23
9.91
9.34
8.96
8.95
9.32
10.64

9.30
9.74
10.19
9.61
8.58
8.53
8.06
8.12
8.00
8.55
9.60
9.54
9.32
9.94
9.24
8.99
8.98
9.27
10.79]

9.35

380.22
399.67
422.01
409.40
335.30
326.40
305.96
312.84
297.21
324.01
381.48
414.30
419.03
417.41
412.22
362.75
363.24
357.59
467.81

372.04
381.60
418.62
428.67
322.58
323.40
306.53
297.91
299.54
327.58
377.58
392.35
387.34
403.92
400.84
357.41
358.39
353.60
458.85

388.41!
419.68;
429.84 i
396.06;
336.34:
343.07;
318.33:
324.79:
321.601
338.24!
387.92 i
401.631
402.43!
412.26!
402.55;
377.22!
379.48!
372.80:
459.65!

391.53
416.87
430.02
405.54
349.21
342.91
320.79
319.93
316.80
337.73
395.52
416.90
417.54
420.46
412.10
377.58
381.65
359.68
467.21

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats .
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses .
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

j23
J231
|232
i2321
J2325
J2326
'233
J2331
12335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

7.24
7.94
6.81
6.88
6.62
6.52
6.82
6.28
7.50
7.57
6.62
6.87
6.68
7.63
6.37
6.39
6.99
8.45
7.23
7.36
11.06

7.22
7.93
6.82
6.83
6.73
6.52

7.46!
7.98
7.09
7.10

7.53

6.31
7.34
7.46
6.61
6.87!
6.711
7.45
6.43
6.41!
7.00
8.42
7.20
7.44
10.88

7.44
7.96
7.06
7.02
6.93
6.70
7.11
6.37
7.58
7.44
7.06
7.04
6.86
7.74
6.67
6.50
7.01
8.55
7.26
7.85
10.94

6.82
7.10
6.49
7.57
7.64
7.02
7.08
6.85
7.94
6.63
6.51
7.05
8.53
7.23
7.82
10.89

272.22!
295.37
252.65
249.06J
243.62!
249.72
246.201
225.45
271.50
274.79!
238.981
259.00!
249.83
296.04
242.06
240.90'
259.33!
340.54!
286.31
292.93
462.31

265.70 i
286.27 j
247.57!
239.73!
246.99!
239.94!
242.05!
223.37;
260.57!
263.34 j
236.64;
255.56!
245.59
295.02
240.48
239.73
253.40
327.54
265.68!
280.491
437.381

282.72!
289.74
271.101
266.76i
263.34;
255.27;
257.38!
228.681
277.43)
259.66'
256.28!
268.93!
262.05;
296.44!
253.46 j
239.20:
264.98 i
342.86!
281.69;
310.86;
448.54,

284.23 280.87
290.47
270.13
266.96
265.87
257.11
261.28
232.34
267.98
276.57
262.55
268.33
256.88
313.63
255.92
248.68
267.90
341.20
282.69!

[26
i262
263

13.61
16.87
17.15

13.56
16.701
16.99

13.91
17.36
17.60

13.96
17.38
17.72

Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills

!

6.78J

6.96J

13.951 605.65
774.33
782.04

388.03

304.981
439.96!

592.57; 616.211 624.01
756.51; 803.77J 801.22
778.14! 807.84! 816.89

613.80

See footnotes at end of table.




105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Average weekly hours
Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals

j
.265
J2653
;2656
J2657
1267
;2672
>2673
;2677
.27
:271
;272

Books

|273

Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

.275
|2752
i2759
:276
|278
279

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

;28
281
;281
|282
|2821
;2824
j283
I2834
:284
J2841
j 2842,3
|2844
;
285
1286
|2865
2869
;287
:289

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

;29
i291
|295

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

;30
|301
|302
|305
J3052
|306
;308

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

|31
1311
;314
!3143
J3144
;316
J317

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3
See footnotes at end of table.

106




J4011

Average overtime hours

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

hourly €jarnings
Nov.
1994

Jan.
1994

Dec.
1993

Dec. i Jan. j
1994r> | 1995 p

Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

I Nov.
1994

!

Dec.
1994 p

!

27
1271
|272

Books

(273

Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

12731
J2732
J274
'275
I2752
,2759
>276
'278
J279

$11.80
11.99
11.21
12.28
12.27
14.35
11.45
11.49

$11.54
11.60
11.30
12.13
11.87
13.79
11.16
11.05

$11.78
11.88
11.35
12.40
12.16
14.38
11.38
11.40

12.11
11.94
13.56
11.32
10.90
11.75
11.54
12.26
12.38
11.84
12.84
9.63
14.71

12.06
11.97
13.54
11.24
10.80
11.71
11.26
12.19
12.31
11.80
12.82
9.63
14.73

12.20
12.03
13.42
11.64
11.24
12.05
11.89
12.38
12.50
11.92
13.04
9.48
14.71

15.06

15.00
16.64
17.11
15.36
16.92
13.64
14.75
14.75
12.65
16.10
11.65J

17.891
15.031
13.77:

15.33
17.03
17.40
15.85
17.72
13.64
14.88
14.88
12.70
16.07
11.69
11.36
13.04
18.41
17.95
18.63
15.61
14.18

11.73
11.59
12.98
18.49
18.24
18.67
15.79
14.37|

$11.57
11.68
11.36
12.09
11.92
13.91
11.12
11.01

$516.02 $496.22 $520.68
533.41
530.27
511.56
474.43
474.60
487.34
511.89
549.32
540.42
505.66
515.58
513.75
618.34
590.21
j 595.35
467.60
484.79
i 471.49
463.00
481.08
I 467.93

-

-

$529.82
541.95
488.76
558.74
527.61
628.53
487.77
492.92

l

i
!
12.27| $12.23i
i
12.08
i
13.55
11.63
11.21
12.08
12.031
12.45
12.55
12.10
|
13.16
!
9.53
14.84

-

15.44
17.00|
17.33
16.07
17.65
13.73
14.921
14.961
12.94 j

15.35 1
!
j
i

-

471.08
402.38
508.50
461.86
429.46
495.85
428.13
496.53
497.68
480.70
544.42
385.20
591.34

458.28
390.22
496.92
443.98
417.96
473.08
412.12
483.94
485.01
469.64
535.88
376.53
573.00

477.02
410.22
496.54
463.27
433.86
496.46
454.20
503.87
505.00
492.30
556.81
382.04
583.99

482.21
409.51
497.29
473.34
447.28
502.53
458.34
507.96
509.53
496.10
572.46
395.50
586.18

$465.96

648.00
745.47
764.82
675.84
769.86
581.06
613.60
612.13
523.71
693.91
470.66
453.58
543.56
810.31
822.75
812.21
674.85
593.49

669.92
759.54
763.86
708.50
809.80
596.07
624.96
620.50
530.86
689.40
471.11
478.26
563.33
841.34
838.27
847.67
710.26
631.01

679.36
753.10
752.12
718.33
818.96
594.51
632.61
629.82
551.24
737.26
484.45
487.94
576.31
846.84
873.70
847.62
718.45
642.34

663.12

-

-

!

-

i
I
!

662.64
742.47
755.55
684.86
781.68
587.88
629.00
631.55
555.95
733.67
501.59
480.38
564.63
818.03
814.97
824.45
695.19
603.06

19.28
21.12'
13.98!

19.10
!
i

812.01
894.40
592.25

830.84
914.03
576.25

856.92
950.08
634.95

844.46
929.28
602.54

819.39

10.68
17.40
7.91
10.99
11.22
10.24
10.03

10.79
17.55j
8.01
11.14
11.26
10.33
10.13

10.79

454.54
765.83
328.72
446.84
475.00
432.39
425.29

448.33
773.93
330.30
454.92
490.16
427.43
415.75

454.97
803.88
319.56
469.27
498.17
434.18
424.27

463.97
809.06
321.20
485.70
507.83
442.12
432.55

452.10

8.03
10.71
7.57
8.10
6.92
7.96
7.37

8.04
10.73
7.58
8.23
6.87'
7.70
7.20

306.54
451.44
281.56
300.96
261.67
313.20
265.98

303.38
453.77
281.60
300.38
263.04
291.02
260.91

312.37
468.03
283.12
302.13
259.50
323.18
293.33

312.76
478.56
287.28
309.45
269.99
287.98
282.24

302.94

7.83
7.15

7.88!
10.361
7.431
8.01;
6.851
7.74'
7.09

13.74!

13.831

14.09

14.09)

546.85

547.67

560.78

559.37

560.11

776.91

811.30

812.06

808.24

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
|2819
;282
2821
J2824
i283
'2834
;284
12841
2842,3
'2844
|285
i286
2865
2869
'287
289

14.86J
12.81
16.34
11.83
11.12
12.98
17.90
17.64
18.08
15.08
13.80

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

;29
291
J295

18.71
20.42
13.87

18.84
20.54
13.37

19.30
21.35
14.11

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

I
|30
1301
J302
^05
,3052
i306
!308

10.67!
17.811
7.9410.691
10.971
10.15!
9.96!

10.70
17.711
7.94
10.78
11.14|
10.25!
9.97I

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
W o m e n ' s footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311
!
314
|3143
3144
,316
|317

7.86|
10.26!
7.39I
7.92 j
6.85i

j

16.76
17.25
15.391
17.03'
13.64

14.80

11.09J
12.851
17.77!

17.771

-

16.42J

-

-

-

!

I

Transportation and public utilities

Jan.
I 1995 p

j
j
,265
i2653
|2656
i2657
I267
|2672
.2673
.2677

I

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals

Average weekly <9arnings

j

8.10,
I
i

14.18

_
_
-

i
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads 3

I
J4011

16.78,

17.08

17.06

17.16j

-

J
See footnotes at end of table.




107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air .
Public warehousing and storage
Water transportation:
Water transportation services.

Average weekly hours
Jan.
1994

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Average overtime hours

i Dec.
1994p

Jan.
1995p

41
411
413

34.0
38.3
37.6

33.7
38.0
39.0

33.1
38.0
36.8

33.5
37.7
36.5

42
421
422

39.1 !
39.0 I
41.1

38.2
38.1
39.4

39.3
39.1
41.1

39.4
39.4
40.3

36.2

36.4

36.7

36.3 :

42.7 !

44.9

42.6

43.8

37.5
35.9
36.2 i
39.2 !

37.4
35.7
35.9
39.1

i

-i449

I

Pipelines, except natural gas

i46

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement.
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

47
472
4724
473

37.2
35.6
35.5
38.4

!
j
|
;

37.5
36.5
36.4
38.5

Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio .
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
4813
483
484

39.3
40.8
40.9
34.4 .
38.9 ;

39.3
40.8
40.7
34.9
38.5

i
I
i
'

39.8
41.7
41.8
34.5
39.1

|
i
j
j

39.7
41.5
41.5
34.4
39.0

Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

!49
:491
j492
I493
I495

42.4
41.9
43.6
43.0
42.5

43.0
42.6
43.6
44.0
42.9

i
'
|
'
j

42.5
42.3
43.3
42.6
42.7

!
|
j
|
I

42.4
42.0
43.1
43.2
42.2

38.3

38.2 ;

38.3

38.4 !

38.9
38.4
38.0
39.6
39.0
38.4
41.1
38.6
38.8
39.3
37.7

38.9 ■
38.2 i
37.2 !
39.1 |
39.4 i
38.9 i
40.9 |
38.8 i
38.8 !
39.4 |
36.9 .

39.0
38.5
37.8
39.7
38.9
37.9
41.3
39.0
39.1
39.3
38.1

37.5
37.2
37.5
36.5
38.4
34.3
40.0
37.7
37.1
36.7

37.3
37.0
37.5
35.9
38.0
34.2
40.0
38.3
36.4
36.6

38.9
38.3
37.7
39.8
38.9
38.3
41.1
38.7
38.8
39.3
38.0 |
I
37.6 |
36.7
37.5
37.2
38.8
35.8
39.4
37.6
36.8
36.5

29.3

28.2

28.7

29.3

52
521
523
525
526

36.1
37.9
36.1
32.2
33.3

35.7
37.3
36.3
32.0
32.5

36.0
37.9
36.3;
32.0 i
32.0 j

35.9
37.7
36.1
32.3
31.8

..i53
..,531

31.1
31.2

27.8
27.8

29.4
29.5

30.9
31.0

i

j

Wholesale trade .
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment .
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods .

(50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
i507
J508
j509
i

51
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519

Retail trade.
Building materials and garden supplies .
Lumber and other building materials ...
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
General merchandise stores
Department stores
See footnotes at end of table.

108




!
i
;
i
j
i
i
|
'
I

38.2

i
|
|
|
!
|
i
'
!
i
i

37.7 i
36.8
38.1
37.3
38.8
34.1
39.5
38.0
37.0
36.6
28.4
|
i
|
!
j

Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994p

Jan.
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation

;
i 41
1411
;413

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Jan.
1994

Jan. j Dec. j Jan. \ Nov. ' Dec.
1995p ! 1993 ! 1994 i 1994 | 1994p
'
!
1

Dec.
1994p
I

!

$10.06 $10.07 $10.32j $10.27
10.71
10.73
10.99
11.05
12.99
13.28
12.60
12.63

$342.04 $339.36, $341.59 $344.05
410.96 406.981 419.90 414.32
499.33 506.61! 464.78 459.90
i

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage

|42
421
!422

12.60
12.81
10.04

12.48| 12.76
12.681 12.97
10.00: 10.27

12.78
12.98
10.30

492.66
499.59
412.64

Water transportation:
Water transportation services

;

449

17.89

18.21

18.60

18.15

647.621 662.841 682.62! 658.85

Pipelines, except natural gas

J46

20.09

19.91

20.19

20.06

857.84!I 893.96

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

47
|472
J4724
j473

11.22
10.35
10.33
12.50

11.28
10.34
10.28
12.64

11.95
11.34
11.47
13.00

12.04
11.47
11.61
13.05

417.38
368.46
366.72
480.00!

423.00
377.41
374.19
486.64

Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

;48
481
4813
483
i484

15.07
15.79
16.00
14.65
11.54

15.12
15.78
16.06
14.77
11.75

15.48
16.13
16.48
15.27
11.84

15.48
16.13
16.52
15.29
11.96J

592.25
644.23
654.40
503.96
448.91

594.22
643.82
653.64
515.47
452.38

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

:49
491
;492
J493
^95

16.95
17.60
16.56
20.16
12.16

17.15
17.68
16.83
20.63
12.12

17.61
18.34
17.11
21.15
12.55

17.57S
18.23
17.12
21.06
12.62

|

11.85

11.95

12.111 12.16 $12.25! 453.861 456.49! 463.81! 466.941 $467.95

Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

|50
1501
J502
;503
'504
i5047
|505
.506
!507
;508
509

12.22
10.76
10.69
11.31
14.70
13.26
12.14
12.74
11.51
12.17
9.57

12.36
10.78
10.82
11.39
14.96
13.33
12.25
12.81
11.64
12.27
9.69

12.50
10.96
11.09
11.68
14.92
13.08
12.38
13.10
11.90
12.63
9.89

12.53
10.98
11.13
11.69
14.97
13.17
12.34
13.07i
11.92
12.71
9.97

475.36!
413.181
406.22'
447.88
573.30
509.18
498.95
491.76
446.59
478.28
360.79

480.80 i
411.80!
402.501
445.35 j
589.42 i
518.54!
501.03!
497.03
451.63
483.44
357.56

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods

i51
;511
|512
i 513
j 514
i 515
j 516
!
517
!518
-519

11.36!
11.931
13.35|
11.04|
11.62J
8.44}
13.09)
10.70
13.22!
9.561
i
7.36!

11.39
11.86
13.46
11.12
11.66
8.52
13.16
10.791
12.93j
9.641

11.59
12.16
14.34
11.14
11.90
8.66
13.27
10.94
13.19
9.68

11.66
12.12
14.36
11.38
11.90
8.69
13.27
10.98
13.431
9.80'

426.00
443.80
500.63
402.96
446.211
289.49|
523.60!
403.39J
490.46 j
350.85!

424.851 435.78!
438.82; 446.27 i
504.75] 537.75]
399.21, 414.411
443.08 '■ 461.72!
291.38; 310.03
526.401 522.84
413.261 411.34
470.65, 485.39
352.82 353.32

7.45;

7.57

7.59|

501.47J 503.53
507.13} 511.41
422.10 415.09

476.74
483.11
394.00

!

I

i

860.09;: 878.63
448.13! 450.30
407.11 409.48
415.21 416.80
509.60 510.26

616.10!
672.62 i
688.86!
526.82!
462.94!
I
718.68J 737.45; 748.43
737.44' 753.17! 775.78
722.02J 733.79! 740.86
866.88! 907.721 900.99
516.80! 519.951 535.89J

i

I
614.56
669.40 i
685.58!
525.98!
466.44!
744.97
765.66
737.87
909.79
532.56

i

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

I

488.67
422.73
420.71
464.09
582.33
499.14
509.64 i
509.73
466.07
499.50
379.86
439.58
446.02
547.12
424.47
461.721
296.331
524.17!
417.24J
496.91
358.68

I

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores

i52
]521
i523
I525
|526

8.75
9.08
9.42
7.55
7.59

8.81
9.08
9.38
7.62
7.92

8.96
9.24
9.55i
8.03

8.95J
9.27|
9.52!
7.64J
7.93

General merchandise stores
Department stores

!53
;531

7.27!
7.27J

7.41:
7.39]

7.41!
7.39!

7.43
7.43

I

486.25
419.77
418.09
464.86
580.39
500.96
508.82
506.97!
461.72'
496.36:
375.82;

7.621

7.66

215.651 210.09

217.26

222.39

315.88!
344.13!
340.06!
243.111
252.75 i

322.56
350.20
346.67
243.84
256.96

321.31
349.48
343.67
246.77
252.17

226.10! 206.00
226.82 i 205.44

314.52
338.68
340.49
243.84
257.40

217.85, 229.59!
218.011 230.33J

L

See footnotes at end of table.




109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores—Continued
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Jan.
1994

Dec.
1993

29.2
29.3
27.7

29.5 :
29.7 :
28.2

29.8 ;
29.8 29.3 ;

35.8
37.2
37.2
33.2
34.3

35.8
37.2
37.0
33.3
34.7

35.7
36.9
37.9
32.7
33.7

35.7
37.0
37.6
32.8
32.9

27.2
30.5
24.6
28.5
27.4

24.9
28.3
22.1
25.6
26.1 ;

25.8 :
28.6 '
23.5
26.9
26.2

27.4
28.2

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

i54
1541
i546

29.7
29.8
29.2

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

'55
;551
;553
554
;559

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
W o m e n ' s clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

'56
561
562
565
566

Eating and drinking places

4

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee

58
59
591
593
594
596
598
599
5995
!5999

Finance, insurance, and real estate 5

Jan.
1995 p

Dec.
; 1994 p

29.6 ;
31.5 |

29.8
30.9

57
1571
I572
!573
i5731
'5735

Nov.
1994

27.7 I
29.7 i

!533
;539

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores

Average overtime hours

r

:

'
.
■
■
;

;
.
.
■

27.1
30.3
24.7
28.1 :
27.6 ;

34.0
33.7
35.3
34.1
34.7
30.3

33.0
32.9
34.2
33.0
32.7
29.0

32.5
33.1
33.7
31.4
31.3 ■
26.1

33.6
33.7
36.3
32.8
33.5
27.3

25.1

24.5

25.0

25.2

30.8
28.3
32.4
30.0
35.5
39.2
31.8
32.3
31.7

29.3
28.2
32.3
27.2
33.5
41.7
30.2 ,
32.4
30.9

29.4
28.4 ;
31.3 ;
27.2 '
33.9
38.5
30.9
32.7
31.2

30.8
28.9
31.7
29.9
34.3
39.6
32.2
32.7
32.0

35.7

36.4

35.5

35.7

!

:
'
;
:
:

35.0
34.8
35.2
34.5
35.4

35.6
35.5
36.1
35.1
36.0

35.1
35.0 .
35.4 ■
34.7 ■
35.5 :

35.3
35.2
35.5
35.0
35.9

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions

61
614

38.0
38.3

38.5
38.0

37.2
37.6

37.8
38.8

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

36.1

37.1

36.0

36.6

163
J631
;632
;6324
|633

37.7
37.3
38.5
38.2
37.4

38.4 :
37.7
39.0
38.9
37.9

37.6
37.3
38.1
37.8
37.4

37.8
37.2
38.3
37.9
38.0

32.4

32.5

32.4

32.4

32.7
28.1
34.9

32.1
28.2
34.2

33.4 :
28.4 :
35.4 ,

32.9
28.3 ■
35.0

Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services
See footnotes at end of table.

110




07
074
078

.._

_i„

■■

;
!
i

!
!
—
;

-

:

.

-

Dec.
1994 p

! Jan.
! 1995 p

-

-

_
-

-

-

-

i

_
_
_
_

_
_
_
-

!

;
j
_

Nov.
1994

_
_
_
-

-

-

i
i

32.4

_i

_

-

i
i

-

I

-

i
i

I
i

!
;;
:
:
;
i

!

_ i

60
;602
6022
6021,9
606

Services

:

Jan.
1994

36.4

Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee
Credit unions

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

_
_
_
_
-

i Dec.
■ 1993

-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores—Continued
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

Average hourly earnings
Dec.
1993

!533
J539

$6.48
7.89

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

j54
J541
;546

7.84
7.95
6.91

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

j 55
;551
|553
;554
;559

9.74
12.06
8.37
6.76
10.48

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

j 56
;561
i562
j 565
|566

6.98
8.41
6.55
6.68
7.45

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores

|57
;571
J572
|573
! 5731
i5735

Jan.
1994

Dec.

Nov.
1994

Average weekly earnings
Jan.
1995 p

!

Dec.
1993

1994

$7.21.
7.75!

$7.06
7.65

8.01!
8.11;
7.11;

8.01
8.13
7.15;

232.85!
236.91!
201.77;

229.80'
233.23
192.52

9.77
12.08
8.40
6.78
10.49

10.15
12.69
8.56
6.83!
11.48J

10.15;
12.66|
8.57|
6.88!
11.70;

348.69!
448.63|
311.36;
224.43'
359.46

7.19
8.69
6.79
7.05
7.31

7.26!
8.49!
6.85!
7.15!
7.51;

7.24J
8.55J

5.81!

9.69
9.57
9.87
9.82
9.81
5.99

5.431

$6.78
8.10

!

Eating and drinking places

1

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee

158
;59
591
;593
:594
596
J598
J599
|5995
J5999

Finance, insurance, and real estate5

Jan.
1995 p

$193.10 $185.77| $199.72; $208.98
243.801 228.42! 230.181 240.98
i

i

7.87J
7.96
6.95

Dec.
1994p

Nov.
1994

I
236.30;
240.87!
200.50;

238.70
242.27
209.50

349.77'
449.38 i
310.80|
225.77;
364.00!

362.36!
468.26!
324.42!
223.34!
386.88!

362.36
468.42
322.23
225.66
384.93

6.79i
7.09!
7.60!

189.86
256.51!
161.13.
190.38!
204.13 j

179.03 j
245.93!
150.06;
180.48'
190.79:

187.31
242.81
160.98J
192.34 i
196.76!

196.20.
259.0/'
167.71:
199.23'
209.76;

9.99'
9.82!
9.83)
10.271
10.081
6.05

10.08;
9.84 i
10.25'
10.38!
10.78!
5.95;

329.80;
322.51;
359.35)
333.50!
352.55;
176.04:

319.77;
314.85;
337.55!
324.06!
320.79!
173.71;

324.68!
325.04!
331.27!
322.48:
315.501
157.91!

338.69!
331.611
372.08!
340.46!
361.131
162.44;

5.43

5.54

5.59J

136.29:

133.04! 138.50'

140.87

7.93!
8.21 j
6.87!
7.241
8.60 j
11.39!
8.14!
10.15|
8.50l

8.19
8.23
6.92
7.60
8.79
11.81
8.27
10.20
8.62

8.19
8.57
6.90
7.47
8.72
11.54
8.39
10.76
8.72

8.17;
8.55*
7.07!
7.46I
8.85;
11.69J
8.341
10.75!
8.70 j

244.24:
232.34!
222.59'
217.20,
305.30;
446.49;
258.85!
327.85;
269.45!

239.97:
232.09!
223.52!
206.72 i
294.47;
492.48!
249.75;
330.48;
266.36,

240.79',
243.391
215.97J
203.18;
295.61!
444.29:
259.25!
351.85;
272.06!

251.64
247.10
224.12
223.05
303.56
462.92
268.55
351.53
278.40

11.65!

11.79!

11.97;

12.02! $12.19;

415.91;

429.16

424.94

429.11 j $443.72
336.06i
320.67:
317.37!
323.05!
336.74!

i

9.70!
9.57,:
10.18|
9.78!

10.161

i

!

J

'

'

9.08!
8.93J
9.20i
9.38.

9.52!
9.11;
8.94;
9.23;
9.38!

321.65!
304.50;
304.13,
304.64!
323.20!

331.791
315.60!
314.79!
316.60!
335.16!

333.45
317.80
316.12'
319.24
332.99;

i

Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee
Credit unions

;60
.602
i6022
16021,9
!606

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions

61
;614

12.80
10.00

12.93
10.12

12.16!
10.1l!

12.19.'
10.09;

486.40!
383.00;

497.81!
384.56;

452.35! 460.78;
380.14) 391.49,

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

|628

15.82

16.17!

16.66'

16.62,

57110'

599.91

599.76;

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

!63
;631
!632
;6324
|633

13.68
13.26
12.92
13.31
14.51

13.68
13.15
13.14
13.48
14.34

14.25
13.66!
13.67!
14.01 j
15.08!

14.37!
13.72;
13.88i
14.31!
15.11!

515.741
494.60!
497.42;
508.441
542.67!

525.31,
495.76!
512.46!
524.37!
543.49'

535.80 543.19'
509.52! 510.38!
520.83: 531.60J
529.58 542.351
563.99 574.18!

10.98:

11.06

11.23,

11.30:

8.73j
8.26'
9.00 i

8.78
8.30
9.10

8.75;
8.60i
8.88!

8.84.
8.62!
9.02

9.19|

8.75J
8.64 j
8.831
9.13 !

9.32!
8.89i
8.72!
9.02;
9.31;

9.501

i

Services
Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services

!07
1074
i078

11.43; 355.75
285.47!
232.11
314.10

608.29

359.45' 363.85

366.12;

281.84! 292.25!
234.06I 244.24;
311.22! 314.35!

290.84
243.95
315.70

370.33

See footnotes at end of table.




Ill

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels"

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Average overtime hours

Dec.
1994p

Nov.
1994

,701

29.9

30.2

30.6

29.9

33.9
29.0
23.2

33.0
27.7
19.9

33.9
28.4
25.7

34.1
28.6
23.6

Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services

721
723
729
i
|73
1731
I
7334
1734
i7342
;7349
;735
; 7352
I7353
7359
|
J7363
|737
J7371
I7373
|7375
J7378
|738
17381
I7382

33.2
36.6 |

33.3
37.0

33.0
36.8

33.3
36.8

37.6
28.7
37.0
28.0
39.0
38.6
39.6
38.9

37.2
28.6
37.5
27.9
38.8
39.1
39.1
38.6 i

37.4
28.7
37.1
28.0
38.8
37.9
40.2
38.5

37.6
28.9
37.2
28.2 i
39.0 |
37.6
40.8
38.8

32.0
37.9
38.3
38.1
38.7
39.3
33.6
33.9
35.8

31.8
38.4
38.3
39.1
38.1
39.6
33.5
34.0
36.1

31.6
37.5
37.5
37.6
36.6
39.5
33.3
33.5
36.1

32.1
37.6
37.5
37.7
37.2
39.8
33.5
33.9
36.6

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes

|75
1751
17514
|752
J753
J7532.4
J7538
|754
J7542

36.2
36.9
36.0
34.3
38.2
37.4
38.1
30.7
28.1

36.2
36.6
35.7
34.1
38.4
37.3
38.5
30.5
27.9

35.9
36.1
35.6
33.2
38.0 |
37.6 !
30.7 I
27.7 !

36.1
36.2
35.9
33.3
38.2
37.8
37.7
30.8
28.0

Miscellaneous repair services

,76

37.9

38.1

38.4

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services .
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

i
|
i
i
'

I
i
i
!
j
;
|
!
i
i
38.2 !

!

37.2 I

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Video tape rental

178
'781
J784

28.3 i
38.8 ;
22.7 |

28.5
38.7
23.2

30.0
38.1
22.1

29.8
38.2
22.1

Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

!79
|793
J799
17991
|7997

26.7
24.5
26.4
18.0
29.4

26.1
24.6 j
25.6
18.4
27.5

26.2
24.6
25.6
19.2
27.7

26.6
24.5
26.4
19.2
29.6

33.0
32.5
28.4
30.3
32.6
31.8
34.9
28.3

32.7 I
32.5 |
28.1 i
29.8
32.2 i
31.6;
34.6 |
28.3 j

32.8
32.5
28.1
29.8
32.3
31.7
34.5
28.4

35.3

34.5

34.7

80
801
802

i
!
I
!
!

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors .
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners .
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services .

|805
J8052
J806
!808

32.8
32.4
28.6
29.8
32.0
31.5 !
34.7 ;
27.9 |

Legal services

|81

34.7 !

1804

! . .
See footnotes at end of table.

112




Dec.
1993

Jan.
1995r'

!
|
|
j
|

-

|
;

-

!

-

I

i .. . __L_

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994p

Jan.
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Dec.
1993

Jan. I Nov.
1994 ! 1994

Dec.
1994p

701

$7.82

$7.78:

$7.84 i

$8.05

721
723
729

7.27
8.10
7.64

7.26
7.85
6.91

7.40
8.25
8.17

7.38
8.50
7.97

73
731

10.20
15.30

10.37
15.52

10.39
15.65

10.461
15.43!

7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359

9.68
7.43
9.64
7.19
10.80
10.57
14.27
9.85

9.75
7.41
9.80
7.14
10.79J
10.59!
14.08i
9.91!

9.97
7.46
9.86
7.19
11.01
10.44
14.57
10.03

10.12
7.44
9.74
7.18
11.13
10.52
14.78
10.15

7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382

8.28
16.75
19.381
17.51
14.28]
13.75J
8.78
6.88
11.13

8.38;
16.88!
19.38J
17.83
14.29
13.78
8.82
6.86
11.08

8.52!
17.17'
20.08 i
18.55!
14.48:
14.12
8.96|
7.02J
11.04|

8.65 j
17.15!
20.081
18.491
14.14|
14.30!
8.96 ■'
7.02!
10.92!

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers .
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops .
General automotive repair shops .
Automotive services, except repair.
Carwashes

75
751
7514
752
753
7532,^
7538
754
7542

9.48J
9.311
8.42J
6.93!
10.471
11.06
10.46
7.151
6.331

9.46
9.25
8.33
6.98
10.48
11.08
10.47
7.04
6.24

Miscellaneous repair services .

76

11.211

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services
Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services

Average weekly earnings
Jan.
1995p

Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994p

$233.821 $234.961 $239.90 \ $240.70j

i
|
i

246.45
234.90
177.25

239.58! 250.86!
217.45; 234.30;
137.51! 209.97J

251.66
243.10
188.09

i

338.64! 345.32'
559.981 574.241
I
363.97! 362.70!
213.24! 211.93;
356.68 i 367.50i
201.32: 199.21!
421.20J 418.65:
408.00; 414.07:
565.09J 550.53 i
383.17! 382.53!

342.87!
575.92 i
i
372.88'
214.10;
365.81 i
201.32!
427.19
395.68
585.71
386.16

348.32!
567.82!
I
380.51 i
215.02!
362.33!
202.48
434.07
395.55
603.02
393.82

264.96! 266.48!
634.83! 648.19:
742.25 i 742.25;
667.131 697.15:
552.64, 544.45;
540.38' 545.69,
295.011 295.47i
233.23! 233.24!
398.45: 399.99!

269.23!
643.88!
753.00;
697.48:
529.97
557.74.
298.37i
235.17'
398.54

277.67
644.84
753.00
697.07
526.011
569.14J
300.16'
237.98!
399.67!

9.87;
9.76|
9.61 J 9.65!
8.62|
8.65 i
7.41!
7.22I
10.79! 10.90!
11.38! 11.471
10.83 1 11.00!
7.321
7.23!
6.311
6.32 i

343.18'
343.54'
303.12;
237.70 j
399.951
413.64!
398.53;
219.51;
177.871

342.45 j
338.55!
297.38'
238.02!
402.43:
413.28;
403.10
214.72
174.10!

350.38!
346.92J
307.94'
239.70;
410.02!
423.34;
407.21 ■
221.96'
175.06!

356.31 i
349.33;
309.46!
246.75!
416.38;
433.57i
414.70;
225.46 i
176.68!

11.26

11.471

11.45!

428.22!

426.75J

437.01

439.68!

12.43
18.69
5.64

J
14.87
20.28
5.76

14.80!
20.22!
5.80 j

372.15
761.64!
128.03;

354.26;
723.30
130.85;

446.10,
772.67
127.30 :

441.04
772.40!
128.18!

■'
,
!
i
i
■
!
;
!

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services .
Video tape rental

78
781
784

13.15|
19.63
5.64

Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement, and recreation services .
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs .

79
793
799
7991
7997

9.04
6.59
8.35
7.83
8.42

8.92
6.59
8.32
8.07|
8.40!

9.16
6.66
8.45;
7.96I
8.48J

9.31;
6.70i
8.54 j
8.00 i
8.661

241.37;
161.46:
220.44;
140.94J
247.55!

232.811
162.11'
212.99!
148.49;
231.00'

239.99
163.841
216.32!
152.83:
234.90!

247.65!
164.15:
225.46
153.60'
256.34!

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners .
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services

80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
808

11.98
12.11
11.75
10.53
8.32
7.74
13.69
10.55!

12.01!
12.15J
11.741
10.651
8.36J
7.81!
13.72J
10.55!

12.231
12.30J
12.151
10.951
8.57.'
8.021
14.01!
10.78;

12.28!
12.321
12.23;
11.00J
8.60;
8.041
14.08;
10.81!

392.94;
392.36i
336.05;
313.79i
266.24
243.81:
475.04'
294.35!

396.33 :
394.88
333.42!
322.70!
272.54;
248.36 i
478.83!
298.57

399.92;
399.75!
341.42'
326.31!
275.95:
253.43!
484.75;
305.07 i

402.78
400.40
343.66
327.80
277.78
254.87
485.761
307.00 j

15.39!

15.57

15.861

15.95;

534.03;

549.62

547.17

553.47

Legal services

181

Jan.
1995p

-

_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




113

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Services—Continued
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services .
Child day care services
'.
Residential care
Social services, nee

Services, nee .
See footnotes at end of table.

114




Dec.
1993

83
832
833
835
836
839

31.1 !

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994 p

30.6 I
29.2 I
31.8 |
32.0

31.4
32.4
30.8
29.3
32.3
32.0

31.1
31.7
31.2
29.3
31.8
31.6

31.0
31.7
30.9
29.4
31.8
31.4

862

34.9

35.9

34.8

34.6

j87
1871
8711
;8712
;8713
:872
;873
8731
8732
8733
'874
i8741
8742
i8743

36.8
38.7
38.9
38.0
37.8
36.3
36.4
38 7
30 1
35.8
35.4
34.3
36.1
32.8

37.4 !
38.9 !
39.1 ;
38.8 :
37.6 !
37.5 "
36.7 i
39.1
30.3 .
36.4 i
35.9 j
35.0 i
36.8 j
32.0 ,

36.9
38.9
39.0
38.3
37.9
36.0
35.9
38.6
28.8
36.0
35.8
35.4
35.7
32.1

37.0 I
38.9 :
39.1
38.3 ■
38.4 ■;
36.7 ;
36.0
39.0
28.5 ■
36.2 ,
35.8 '
35.5 i
35.8 \
31.9 ;

35.8

369

38.4

38.0

Membership organizations:
Professional organizations .
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting sen/ices
Public relations services

Average weekly hours

:

32.0 \

Average overtime hours
Jan.
1995 p

Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

- I

Dec.
1994°

Jan.
1995"

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Services—Continued
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee

83
832
|833
|835
i836
;839

Membership organizations:
Professional organizations

!
i862

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services

;87
;871
i8711
i8712
18713
!872
;873
|8731
8732
8733
|874
8741
;8742
[8743

Services, nee

i89

15.64

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table B-15a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and.
guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing.
3
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.




592.98:

565.25!

567.34,

4

Money payments only; tips, not included.
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
- Data not available.
p
=-. preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are subject to
revision.
5

115

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missiles
and Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing

For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics average
hourly earnings series for production workers in aircraft
manufacturing (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space
vehicles manufacturing (SIC 3761) have been used to escalate
labor costs in contracts between aerospace companies and
their customers. Although the Bureau's series by definition
take account of traditional wage rate changes, they do not
capture "lump-sum payments to workers in lieu of general
wage increases" which were negotiated in aerospace
manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in
late 1983.

Because of special circumstances in the aerospace industry,
BLS has calculated average hourly earnings series for SIC
3721 andSIC3761 which include lump-sum payments. These
series, beginning in October 1983, the effective date of the
first aerospace bargaining agreement using lump-sum
payments, were published in the June 1988 issue of Employment
and Earnings. Current and year earlier data are presented in
table B-15a along with the average hourly earnings series
produced as part of the Current Employment Statistics
program. An explanation of the methodology used to derive
these series appears in the Explanatory Notes of this publication.

B-15a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing
Aircraft (SIC 3721)
Series

Average hourly earnings,
excluding lump-sum payments
Average hourly earnings,
including lump-sum payments
p

=■ preliminary.

116




Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)

Nov.
1993

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994p

Nov.
1993

$18.94

$19.18

$19.90

$20.12

$17.64

i

$18.02

19.22

20.00

20.19

17.67

!
I

!
!

Dec.
1994p
$18.74

$18.48

|

i
18.97

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1993

18.14

Ii

i

18.54

18.81
i

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-16. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Dec.
1993

Jan.
1994

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994p

Jan.
1995p

i

$11.36

$11.38

$11.50

$11.57

$11.62

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

:
!
:
!
j
j
j
j
!
'
j

11.91
9.23
9.03
11.28
13.34
11.23
12.20
10.92
15.34
11.98
9.20

11.92
9.29
9.07
11.33
13.25
11.26
12.19
10.89
15.32
12.00
9.24

12.03
9.40
9.28
11.44
13.39
11.31
12.32
10.95
15.48
12.03
9.35

12.10
9.45
9.32
11.49
13.45
11.35
12.33
10.96
15.61
12.07
9.51

12.14

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

'
I

10.62
10.06
16.06
8.51
7.05
12.80
11.59
14.24
17.66
10.11
7.62

10.65
10.07
16.22
8.58
7.05
12.81
11.60
14.25
17.65
10.17
7.65

10.77
10.18
18.00
8.77
7.23
13.04
11.64
14.47
17.92
10.12
7.77

10.84
10.27
17.24
8.79
7.25
13.09
11.72
14.56
18.13
10.21
7.80

$10.89

Industry

Manufacturing

1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
?
Not available.
p
= preliminary.




'■
j
;
i
i
j
|
!

|
;
j
j
!
j
j
;
;

;
j
j

(2)
(22)
(2 )
()
(22)
( 2)
() *
(?2 )
()
(2)
(22)
(2 )
(2)
(2)
(?)
(2)
()
02
(2)
()

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are
subject to revision.

117

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-17. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
Average hourly earnings
Industry

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

Dec. ! Jan.
1993 ! 1994

$10.97
7.42

$11.06
7.46

Average weekly earnings

Nov. | Dec. | Jan.
1994 ! 1994p i 1995p

$11.26 i $11.27 i $11.37
7.41 i
7.42
(2)

Dec.
1993

|

Jan.
1994

|

Nov.
1994

Dec.
, 1994p

Jan.
1995"

$380.66i $379.36 : S388.47J $392.20: $391.13
257.38 : 255.98 255.57 \ 258.20 :
0

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars .

14.67
9.92

15.06 !
10.16 !

14.97 :
9.85 ;

15.10
9.94

$15.24

654.28 664.15 : 679.64 : 681.01
442.38 : 448.14 ! 447.13 [ 448.33

$681.23

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars .

14.46
9.78

14.41
9.72

14.85
9.77

14.80
9.74

$14.66

553.82
374.46

533.17
359.76

570.24
375.16

572.76
377.06

$554.15

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars ,

12.00
8.11

11.96
8.07

12.17
8.01

12.26
8.07

$12.25

508.80
344.02

496.34 ! 517.23
334.91 : 340.28

525.95
346.25

$513.28

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

13.74
9.29

13.83
9.33

14.09
9.27

14.09
9.28

$14.18

546.85
369.74

547.67
369.55

560.78
368.93

559.37
368.25

$560.11

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

11.85
8.01

11.95
8.06

12.11
7.97

12.16
8.01

$12.25

453.86
306.87

456.49
308.02

463.81
305.14

466.94
307.40

$467.95

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

7.36
4.98

7.45
5.03

7.57
4.98

7.59
5.00

$7.66

215.65
145.81

210.09
141.76

217.26
142.93

222.39
146.41

$217.54

11.65
7.88

11.79
7.96

11.97 ;
7.88 !

12.02
7.91

$12.19

415.91
281.21

429.16 : 424.94
289.58 ! 279.57

429.11
282.50

$443.72

10.98
7.42

11.06
7.46

11.23
7.39

11.30
7.44

$11.43

355.75
240.53

359.45
242.54

366.12
241.03

$370.33

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

(2)

(*)

(2)

(2)

(2)

f)
O

n
0
0

Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

' Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
p
- preliminary.

118




(2)

363.85
239.38

NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Alabama
Birmingham .
Mobile

42.2
43.3
43.8

42.2
42.3
43.8

Alaska .

38.2

36.1

Arizona .

41.5

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers .
Fort Smith
L.ittle Rock-North Little Rock ....
Pine Bluff

42.3
42.9
42.3
42.5
44.5

California
Bakersfield
c
resno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc .
Sama Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Valiejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

42.7
42.7
44.5

$10.70
11.67
13.03

$10.88
11.85
13.15

$451.54
$11.03
505.31
11.93
13.49 i 570.71

34.1

11.88

12.91

12.98 j

453.82

I $459.14
i 501.26
575.97
l
466.05

42.2

42.0

11.21

10.98

11.07 !

465.21

463.36

41.8
41.7
41.6
41.9
42.2

43.0
42.7
43.5
42.0
40.5

9.57
9.53
9.72
10.35
10.78

9.75
9.62
9.61
10.39
11.47

9.78
9.64
9.70
10 46
11.38

I
j
|
j
j

404 81
408.84
411.16
439.88
479.71

407.55
401.15
399.78
435.34
484.03

41.8
39.8
41.6
42.0
40.5
41.4
41.8
42.2
40.6
38.7
41.2
39.4
42.6
39.5
39.4
43.3
39.8
41.4

41.9
41.3
42.4
42.3
42.0
42.4
41.8
41.7
41.5
38.2
40.6
40.6
42.3
41.2
39.9
43.2
39.2
42.4

42.4
41.5
42.8
42.5
41.3
43.0
42.2
42.8
41.3
37.3
41.4
39.S
42.5
41.7
39.1
44.5
39.9
42.9

12.55
12.50
10.73
11.86
11.95
14.73
12.45
11.32
13.05
12.99
12.48
13.86
15.10
13.26
13.61
12.39
14.43
11.86

12.55
12.61
10.73
11.66
12.31
15.61
12.45
11.49
13.27
13.15
12.48
13.50
15.31
12.68
13.65
12.38
14.94
12.11

12.64
12.60
10.79
11.80
12.51
15.39
12.44
11.46
13.24
13.18
12.52
13.52
15.34
12.82
13.73
12.52
14.81
12.14

!
!
|
j
|
|
;
j
i
|
'
i
|
i
j
;
|
'

524.59
497.50
446.37
498.12
483.98
609.82
520.41
477.70
529.83
502.71
514.18
546.08
643.26
523.77
536.23
536.49
574.31
491.00

525.85
520.79
454.95
493.22
517.02
661.86
520.41
479.13
550.71
502.33
506.69
548.10
647.61
522.42
544.64
534.82
585.65
513.46

535.94
522.90
461.81
501.50
516.66
661.77
524.97
490 49
546.81
491.61
518.33
539.45
651.95
534.59
536.84
557.14
590.92
520.81

Colorado .
Denver...

41.8
42.9

41.9
41.7

41.9
42.0

12.36 |
12.99 !

12.47
12.70

12.51 I
12.80 j

516.65
557.27

522.49
529.59

524.17
537.60

Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury

43.5
43.5
45.9
438
41.9
43.2
43.7

43.5
43.1
44.6
43.6
42.6
43.1
45.2

44.1
43.6
44.5
44.2
43.3
43.7
44.5

13.46
13.75
12.92
14.33
13.27
13.11
11.98

13.63
14.01
13.21
14.18
12.84
12.94 i
12.13 [

13.76
14.11
13.26
14.28
12.96
13.43
12.42

|
i
J
|
|
!
■"

585.51
598.13
593.03
627.65
556.01
566.35
523.53

592.91
603.83
589.17
618.25
546.98
557.71
548.28

606.82
615.20
590.07
631.18
561.17
586.89
552.69

Delaware
Wilmington-Newark .

45.4
48.1

43.8
45.4

42.9
44.1

14.32 !
16.74 i

14.16
16.96

14.10 |
16.75 ;

650.13
805.19

620.21
769.98

604.89
738.68

District of Columbia:
Washington PMSA ...

40.8

13.86 j

544.27

554.60

562.72

|

|

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1993

Dec.
1994?
| $470.98
j 509.41
I 600.31
442.62
464.94

I

\
'
!
i
J
!
!
!

i

|
|
!
;

!

|
|
!
|
j
'

;
j
|
:
:

420.54
411.63
421.95
439.32
460.89

I

!
|
:
;
!
|
|

40.6

Florida .

42.9

41.6

|

41.8

9.87 [

10.01

10.14 |

423.42

416 42

423.85

Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah .

42.5
42.2
46.3

42.6 !
42.8 !
49.3 i

43.2
43.1
49.7

10.21 ,
11.22 j
13.38 j

10.49
11.60
13.49

10.46 i
11.61 |
13.36 |

433.93
473.48
619.49

446.87
496.48
665.06

: 451.87
; 500.39
I 663.99

Hawaii
Honolulu .

40.4
38.9

39.6
38.0

38.9
38.6

12.19 |
12.69 |

12.20
12.70

12.39
12.95

492.48
493.64

483.12
482.60

481.97
499.87

Idaho.

39.9

39.7

39.5

12.07

!

11.73

11.43 |

481.59

465.68

! 451.49

Ifiinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island ..
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

41.7
45.1
40.8
42.2
41.7
43.1
41.9
41.5
42.8
39.9

42.2
44.7
41.7
42.4
40.7
42.1
42.1
41.4
44.5
39.6

42.4
44.8
40.8
42.5
40.3
41.8
42.1
41.1
44.5
40.9

12.13
16.50
10.52
12.16
13.93
15.30
12.95
14.92
13.23
11.84

524.12
771.52
450.36
524.49
566.54
604.98
569.61
620.17
631.01
462.53

528.30
773.25
436.15
526.58
561.38
603.17
571.30
617.32
632.35
483.85

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne

44.0
40.1
40.0
43.4
44.2

43.6
38.5
40.2
44.8
43.8

43.7
37.8
40.8
44.8
45.2

13.37
11.69
11.31
13.20
13.40

i
i

i
12.42
17.26
10.80
12.37
13.92
14.37
13.53
14.98
14.18
11.68

j
|
j
i
|
|
i
j
|
i

12.46
17.26
10.69
12.39
13.93
14.43
13.57
15.02
14.21 |
11.83 j

505.82
744.15
429.22
513.15
580.88
659.43
542.61
619.18
566.24
472.42

13.77
11.28
11.20
13.40
13.89

;
|
I
|
!

13.95
11.61
11.30
13.73
14.34

588.28
468.77
452.40
572.88
592.28

!
|
|
|
\

i
i
[
I
!

600.37
434.28
450.24
600.32
608.38

i
'
|
:
'

609.62
438.86
461.04
615.10
648.17

See footnotes at end of table.




119

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Average hourly earnings
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994?

Indiana-Continued
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

44.7
45.1
47.9
41.2
46.0
43.2
46.1

44.1
43.7
47.1
42.7
46.4
40.7
43.4

40.0
45.5
48.6
42.9
45.6
42.4
44.8

$17.14
14.79
18.87
13.87
14.49
12.01
13.18

$18.01
14.69
19.42
14.80
15.49
13.06
13.54

$19.78
14.72
19.44
14.52
15.72
13.08
13.71

$766.16
667.03
903.87
571.44
666.54
518.83
607.60

$794.24
641.95
914.68
631.96
718.74
531.54
587.64

$791.20
669.76
944.78
622.91
716.83
554.59
614.21

Iowa
Cedar Rapids..
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City

42.7
42.9
44.0
41.6
41.1

43.6
43.1
42.7
40.7
42.5

43.0
42.5
42.5
42.0
43.0

12.55
15.18
13.48
12.79
9.91

12.40
15.49
12.85
13.54
10.37

12.53
15.10
13.15
13.33
10.34

535.89
651.22
593.12
532.06
407.30

540.64
667.62
548.70
551.08
440.73

538.79
641.75
558.88
559.86
444.62

Kansas ...
Topeka .
Wichita ..

42.0
42.3
42.1

41.4
40.5
40.8

41.6
41.8
41.6

12.08
14.38
14.09

12.38
14.95
14.32

12.47
14.76
14.49

507.36
608.27
593.19

512.53
605.48
584.26

518.75
616.97
602.78

Kentucky....
Lexington .
Louisville ..

41.6
43.2
42.5

41.6
42.7
42.4

41.6
44.0
41.9

11.62
12.32
13.38

12.12
13.14
14.01

12.11
13.28
13.97

483.39
532.22
568.65

504.19
561.08
594.02

503.78
584.32
585.34

Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City .

43.4
44.7
43.8
41.7

|
j
j
'

44.6
45.4
45.9
42.8

45.3
45.7
46.2
44.2

12.95
14.80
13.06
14.14

13.04
15.43
13.61
13.48

13.38
15.82
13.78
13.92

562.03
661.56
572.03
589.64

581.58
700.52
624.70
576.94

606.11
722.97
636.64
615.26

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn .
Portland

41.8 |
43.1 j
39.7 |

40.8
43.2
39.6

41.4
41.5
38.7

11.69
10.05
10.83

12.07
9.63
11.02

12.08
9.59
10.87

488.64
433.16
429.95

492.46
416.02
436.39

500.11
397.99
420.67

Maryland
Baltimore PMSA .

42.2
42.8

42.3
43.2

42.5
43.4

13.04
13.58

13.30
13.95

13.40
13.93

550.29
581.22

562.59
602.64

569.50
604.56

Massachusetts ....
Boston
Springfield
Worcester

42.2
41.3
43.0
40.8

41.6
40.6
43.0
42.0

42.1
41.2
43.0
42.2

12.53
13.15
12.78
11.66

12.71
13.53
12.60
11.67

12.72
13.52
12.54
11.77

528.77
543.10
549.54
475.73

528.74
549.32
541.80
490.14

535.51
557.02
539.22
496.69

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland .
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battie Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

45.1
45.8
47.3
46.5
43.7
43.9
45.2
41.3
43.6

:
i
!
!
;

46.0
46.5
47.5
51.3
43.0
45.5
44.5
46.2
47.8

46.4
46.2
47.6
50.7
43.5
45.0
46.2
47.4
49.1

16.13
16.69
17.37
21.53
13.15
11.29
15.14
19.03
18.41

16.33
16.81
17.44
22.67
13.34
11.59
15.01
17.86
18.19

16.51
16.87
17.62
22.73
13.48
11.83
15.60
18.11
18.62

727.46
764.40
821.60
1001.14
574.65
495.63
684.33
785.94
802.68

751.18
781.66
828.40
1162.97
573.62
527.34
667.94
825.13
869.48

766.06
779.39
838.71
1152.41
586.38
532.35
720.72
858.41
914.24

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
St. Cloud

41.9
41.4
42.2
40.9

:
!
i
|

41.4
40.0
42.4
38.6

41.7
41.4
42.6
40.1

12.49
11.57
13.21
11.11

12.62
12.14
13.41
11.62

12.79
12.07
13.58
11.92

523.33
479.00
557.46
454.40

522.47
485.60
568.58
448.53

533.34
499.70
578.51
477.99

Mississippi .
Jackson ....

42.6 |
41.6 |

42.0
41.5

42.7
40.6

9.34
10.12

9.43
10.12

9.54
10.11

397.88
420.99

396.06
419.98

407.36
410.47

Missouri
Kansas City .
St. Louis
Springfield ...

42.9
43.7
43.8
40.3

42.0
42.3
43.5
40.9

43.3
43.8
45.2
41.6

11.74
13.92
13.91
10.01

11.80
13.50
13.91
10.00

12.01
13.89
14.05
10.06

503.65
608.30
609.26
403.40

495.60
571.05
605.09
409.00

520.03
608.38
635.06
418.50

Montana ...

40.4 |

39.4

39.7

12.62

12.74

12.72

509.85

501.96

504.98

Nebraska.
Lincoln ...
Omaha ...

42.5 |
44.0 I
43.4 |

42.2
43.3
42.5

42.9
44.5
42.4

10.70
12.36
11.36

11.18
12.77
11.74

11.17
12.91
11.75

454.75
543.84
493.02

471.80
552.94
498.95

479.19
574.50
498.20

Nevada
Las Vegas .

43.3 i
43.5 i

41.5
39.1

41.8
39.5

12.12
13.57

11.88
13.49

12.26
13.95

524.80
590.30

493.02

512.47

!

i

See footnotes at end of table.

120




|
I
i
|

I

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

$498.42
469.66
598.21
478.08

$493.61
495.75
600.79
470.09

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994?

44.6
44.9
47.7
44.6

$11.70
11.29
14.38
11.17

$11.56
11.61
14.07
11.41

$12.14
12.81
14.78
11.68

42.6

42.8

13.37

13.33

13.48

574.91

567.86

40.5
40.6

40.8
41.0

10.42

10.38
10.84

10.53
10.85

407.18
424.09

420.39
440.10

41.3
41.2
41.1
44.9
40.6
44.1
40.3
38.5
38.0
41.1
43.2
43.1
43.4
43.7
41.8

41.7
41.8
41.7
45.2
41.6
44.2
40.7
38.6
38.2
41.4
43.1
43.1
44.4
41.9
41.8

41.6
41.3
42.5
45.3
43.2
43.8
40.1
38.8
38.3
40.6
43.0
43.1
44.5
41.5
42.5

12.11
13.79
9.90
14.99
10.70
11.48
11.42
11.11
10.84
10.65
13.91
13.92
13.12
10.77
12.30

12.43
14.14
10.15
16.04
10.51
11.46
11.30
11.12
10.83
11.09
14.16
14.49
13.41
10.86
12.34

12.52
14.21
10.23
16.02
10.65
11.27
11.41
11.25
10.94
10.92
14.14
14.29
13.29
10.97
12.71

500.14
568.15
406.89
673.05
434.42
506.27
460.23
427.74
411.92
437.72
600.91
599.95
569.41
470.65
514.14

518.33
591.05
423.26
725.01
437.22
506.53
459.91
429.23
413.71
459.13
610.30
624.52
595.40
455.03
515.81

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

41.5
41.5
41.4
40.6
42.5

41.7
41.8
41.9
41.2
42.0

42.0
42.7
42.1
41.3
42.5

10.00
9.97
10.60
10.55
10.78

10.30
10.01
10.90
10.72
11.01

10.36
10.10
10.92
10.81
10.97

415.00
413.76
438.84
428.33
458.15

429.51
418.42
456.71
441.66
462.42

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead

41.0
40.0

42.3
43.0

42.5
45.0

10.07
9.60

10.32
9.90

10.50
10.28

412.87
384.00

436.54
425.70

Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

44.2
44.4
41.9
43.8
43.5
42.8
45.5
45.9
44.5

44.7
43.6
42.7
44.4
44.8
43.0
46.1
45.7
44.0

45.0
44.5
42.7
44.3
44.8
43.3
47.0
45.9
45.4

14.42
12.82
12.50
13.12
14.01
13.54
16.29
15.91
16.52

14.38
12.45
12.50
13.35
14.26
13.42
16.08
16.11
16.24

14.46
12.54
12.32
13.47
14.29
13.43
16.26
16.30
16.62

637.36
569.21
523.75
574.66
609.44
579.51
741.20
730.27
735.14

642.79
542.82
533.75
592.74
638.85 I
577.06 |
741.29 !
736.23
714.56

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

44.1
43.6
41.9

44.7
45.7
44.1

44.0
46.3
44.8

11.58
13.19
12.05

11.47
12.70
11.88

11.35
12.56
12.01

510.68
575.08
504.90

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem

40.0
41.7
42.6
40.9
37.9

40.4
39.7
40.0
41.5
37.7

40.5
40.0
41.3
41.3
39.2

12.23
12.35
11.13
12.56
10.80

12.51
12.29
11.80
12.75
10.46

12.60
12.21
11.56
12.85
10.78

489.20
515.00
474.14
513.70
409.32

505.40
487.91
472.00
529.13
394.34

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

42.0
41.8
40.6
44.7
40.3
40.1
42.1
42.5
42.9
42.4
40.4
44.9
39.8
43.5
43.3

42.6
41.2
40.8
46.0
41.1
40.8
42.0
42.0
43.3
43.2
40.4
45.6
42.7
44.2
43.9

42.3
41.3
40.2
45.2
39.5
40.1
41.6
42.5
44.0
43.1
40.3
47.0
42.4
44.9
43.5

12.37
11.74
10.33
12.93
11.69
9.28
12.15
13.78
13.53
12.89
10.83
12.59
10.58
10.80
12.44

12.62
12.17
10.51
13.19
11.96
9.37
12.48
13.71
13.67
13.23
10.84
12.65
11.04
10.97
12.65

12.65
12.26
10.72
13.06
11.95
9.26
12.52
13.72
13.57
13.14
10.94
12.87
10.78
11.35
12.69

519.54
490.73
419.40
577.97
471.11
372.13
511.52
585.65
580.44
546.54
437.53
565.29
421.08
469.80
538.65

537.61
501.40
428.81
606.74
491.56
382.30
524.16
575.82
591.91
571.54
437.94
576.84
471.41
484.87
555.34

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester

42.6
41.6
41.6
42.8

42.7
42.7
42.7
41.2

New Jersey

43.0

New Mexico
Albuquerque

40.8
40.7

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

j
|
I

!
I
j
!
|

435.12
431.27
459.73
446.45
466.23

640.19
581.52

!

512.71
580.39
523.91

i 499.40
J 581.53
j 538.05

See footnotes at end of table.




121

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
!

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994?

Average hourly earnings
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994?

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

i

Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick

j
';

41.1
40.4

40.3
40.0

41.4
41.0

$10.36
10.38

$10.60
10.83

$10.40
10.55

$425.80
419.35

$427.18
433.20

$430.56
432.55

South Carolina

!

42.1

41.9

42.2

9.90

10.11

10.13

416.79

423.61

427.49

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falis

:
i

41.8
42.9
42.0

41.4
40.0
44.0

42.0
41.0
44.1

9.02
9.36
9.49

9.43
9.52
9.87

9.45
9.73
9.85

377.04
401.54
398.58

390.40
380.80
434.28

396.90
398.93
434.39

41.3
43.1
39.9
40.6
41.1
41.7

40.3
41.2
40.7
38.6
40.6
40.4

40.4
41.4
40.8
39.2
40.1
40.5

10.44
9.97
10.51
10.22 j
10.78
11.37

10.35
10.01
9.86
10.50
11.07
11.19

10.45
10.04
9.78
10.47
11.12
11.27

431.17
429.71
419.35
414.93
443.06
474.13

417.11
412.41
401.30
405.30
449.44
452.08

422.18
415.66
399.02
410.42
445.91
456.44

43.5
43.9
43.0
45.2
41.3

43.1
43.1
42.8
44.8
42.1

:
!
!
i
I

43.7
44.4
43.0
44.6
42.7

11.05
11.03
12.57
13.45
8.70

11.16
10.90
12.26
13.67

11.22
11.08
12.40
13.59
9.08

480.68
484.22
540.51
607.94
359.31

481.00
469.79
524.73
612.42
378.06

490.31
491.95
533.20
606.11
387.72

39.9
41.1

41.5 !
42.3 i

41.2
42.2

11.36
11.42

11.38
11.69

11.51
11.74

453.26
469.36

472.27
494.49

474.21
495.43

41.7
43.1

40.1
36.9

!
\

40.7
37.7

11.52 |
11.52 j

11.42
11.42

11.51
11.49

480.38
496.51

457.94
421.40

468.46
433.17

41.9
42.5
41.5
44.4
43.0
42.0
42.9
43.4

42.5
41.4
41.5
43.5
42.6
40.7
44.7
41.8

42.6
43.5
39.5
43.7
41.8
41.5
44.2
42.4

11.07
10.01
9.71
10.80
11.03
12.08
14.11
12.80

11.41
9.87
10.17
11.02
11.06
12.20
14.97
12.64

11.47
10.31
10.06
11.21
10.94
12.38
15.15
13.04

463.83
425.43
402.97
479.52
474.29
507.36
605.32
555.52

484.93
408.62
422.06
479 37
471.16
496.54
669.16
528.35

488.62
448.49
397.37
489.88
457.29
513.77
669.63
552.90

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio
Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden

;
■

|
i
j
:
!
!

j

Vermont
Burlington
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

!

I
i

40.8

■
!
I
;
|
j
!
j
I
40.8 j

41.0

14.20

14.33

14.52

579.36

584.66

595.32

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

i
;
!
;
I

41.1
47.5
42.5
42.7
43.4

42.1 j
48.4 i
43.7 !
44.2 |
43.2 |

41.9
48.7
42.7
43.7
37.1

12.47
14.92
14.44
15.69 j
14.46 !

12.77
14.59
14.90
15.17
15.15

12.80
14.69
14.57
15.81
14.24

512.52
708.70
613.70
669.96
627.56 j

537.62
706.16
651.13
670.51
654.48

536.32
715.40
622.14
690.90
528.30

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesvilie-Beioit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

:
;

43.1
45.2
43.4
43.4
44.6
40.5
41.7
40.7
42.8
41.6
43.8
43.2

43.3
45.9
45.6
42.3
43.9
41.4
43.2
42.5
43.4
41.6
43.6
44.1

!
I
!
;
■
|
i
|
!
|
;
i

43.5
45.8
45.2
42.8
48.2
42.6
43.0
41.3
43.2
41.1
43.5
44.4

12.40
13.34
12.38
13.29
16.49
13.10
10.32
11.54
13.50
12.51
12.19
11.69

12.50
13.84
13.06
13.46
15.70
13.89
10.14
11.70
13.78
12.85
12.48
11.79

12.66
13.84
13.18
13.73
17.12
13.79
10.18
11.86
13.86
12.60
12.42
11.82

534.44 I
602.97 |
537.29 I
576.79
735.45
530.55
430.34
469.68
577.80
520.42
533.92
505.01

541.25
635.26
595.54
569.36
689.23
575.05
438.05
497.25
598.05
534.56
544.13
519.94

550.71
633.87
595.74
587.64
825.18
587.45
437.74
489.82
598.75
517.86
540.27
524.81

40.2

11.52

11.85

11.98

456.19

470.45

481.60

39.7

;

296.68

297.34

40.2

j

673.41

697.54

I 647.36

Washington

;
'

J
;
;
i

;

'.
!
■
,
j
J

Wyoming
Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands

!

39.6
|

39.9
4 ;.1

44.8
p

--■ preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

122




40.4

7.19

7.38

7.36

43.1

15.27

15.57

15.02

!
!
publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1993
benchmarks.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1
(Numbers in thousands)
Census region and
division

1994
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May.

June

July

1995
Aug.

Sept.

Oct. ! Nov.

NORTHEAST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Jan.

!
39,560 39,555 39,546 39,548 39,549 39,550 39,553 39,560 39,565 39,574 39,580! 39,5801 39,572
25,393 25,308 25,485 25,344 25,203 25,405 25,528 25,410 25,335 25,313 25,2501 25,356 j 25,290
23,668 23,612 23,686 23,607 23,601 23,762 23,859 23,786 23,771 23,743 23,707; 23,897! 23,756
1,737
1,624
1,669
1,695
1,799
1,603
1,543! 1,459; 1,534
1,570
1,564
1,644
1,725
6.4
6.5
7.1
6.9
6.2
6.2
6.8
6.7
6.4
5.8;
6.1!
6.5
6.1

New England
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Dec. !

i

-

:

10,232 10,232 10,229 10,230 10,232 10,231 10,233 10,236 10,237 10,240! 10,2421 10,241; 10,239
6,935 7,002 6,959 6,951
6,945 6,9881 7,000 7,050
6,983 7,01.5 7,003 6,944 6,921
6,546 6,508 6,527 6,573 6,535 6,573 6,543 6,589! 6,623 6,651
6,533 6,577 6,591
409
424
413
398
378
429
450
438
413
402
400
398;
377
5.9
5.9
5.7
5.4
6.1
6.1
6.4
6.2
6.0
5.8
5.7
5.7|
5.4

Middle Atlantic
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

29,328 29,323 29,317 29,318 29,317 29,319 29,320 29,324i 29,328! 29,334 29,338 29,339! 29,333
18,410 18,293 18,482 18,400 18,282 18,470 18,526 18,452! 18,384! 18,369 18,263 18,357! 18,239
17,135 17,036 17,095 17,061 17,093 17,235 17,286 17,252! 17,198 17,201 17,118 17,275J 17,105
1,339
1,275
1,200! 1,186 1,168 1,145
1,235
1,240
1,257
1,082! 1,135
1,386
1,190
7.3
6.5
6.5
6.4
6.7
6.7
6.9
6.9
6.3
5.9;
6.2
7.5
6.5

SOUTH
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

68,189 68,256 68,321 68,405 68,480 68,563 68,648 68,736 68,830 68,923 69,011 69,092, 69,160
44,868 44,863 44,758 45,007 45,182 45,029 45,208 45,332 45,535 45,714 45,976 45,847! 45,868
42,073 42,022 41,959 42,268 42,485 42,368 42,556 42,726 42,930 43,105 43,428 43,368! 43,424
2,795 2,841
2,799 2,739 2,697 2,661
2,652 2,606 2,605 2,609 2,548 2,479! 2,445
6.2
6.3
6.3
6.1
5.7
5.7
6.0
5.9
5.9
5.7
5.41
5.3
5.5

South Atlantic
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
East South Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

I
I
35,285 35,320 35,353 35,397 35,436 35,478 35,524! 35,570 35,616 35,665 35,712 35,754; 35,789
23,217 23,236 23,231 23,278 23,329 23,346 23,334! 23,424 23,610 23,640 23,827 23,680! 23,629
21,774 21,851 21,843 21,896 21,966 22,045 22,041! 22,187 22,296 22,363 22,541 22,455! 22,443
1,385
1,389
1,382
1,277
1,287
1,2251 1,186
1,363
1,301
1,443
1,293; 1,237 1,314
6.0
5.8
5.6
6.0
5.9
5.6
5.4
5.4
5.2;
5.0
6.2
5.5!
5.3
I

I

12,045 12,055 12,065 12,078 12,089 12,103 12,115 12,129 12,145) 12,159! 12,173 12,185 12,196
7,618
7,622 7,703 7,815
7,698 7,726 7,772 7,809! 7,946! 7,913 8,071 i 8,014
7,621
7,136
7,201
7,159
7,277 7,410
7,273 7,298 7,334 7,396| 7,502! 7,505 7,665, 7,546
482
422
405
462
426
439
413|
444! 408
425
428
406!
467
5.5
5.3i
5.6^
5.2
5.2
5.5
5.5
5.6
5.5
6.1
6.3
5.0!
5.8

West South Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

20,859 20,881 20,903. 20,930 20,955 20,982 21,009 21,0371 21,069! 21,099 21,126 21,153; 21,175
14,030 14,008 13,904 14,026 14,038 13,985 14,149 14,136; 14.116J 14,128 14,236 14,0961 14,226
13,140 13,035 12,916 13,095 13,109 13,050 13,217 13,206; 13,238 13,239 13,382 13,247| 13,434
988
974
931
890
930
935
931
931j
878
888
854
849!
792
7.1
7.0
6.6
6.3
6.7
6.6
6.6!
6.2
6.6
6.3
6.0
6.0!
5.6

See footnotes at end of table.




123

HOUSEHOLD DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Census region and
division

1995

1994
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May.

June

July

j Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

MIDWEST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

46,073 46,083 46,095 46,116 46,135 46,157 46,182 46,211 46,239 46,267 46,291 46,314 46,324
31,725 31,924 31,774 31,800 31,906 31,738 31,612 31,754 31,916 32,100 32,188 32,176j 32,225
29,869 30,171 29,955 30,127 30,346 30,261 29,988 30,147 30,345 30,515 30,693 i 30,7151 30,829
1,607
1,673
1,754
1,584
1,571
1,819
1,559
1,477
1,856
1,623
1,495i 1,4611 1,396
5.3
4.9
4.9
5.1
4.9
4.7
5.5
5.7
5.8
5.1
4.5
4.3
4.6J

East North Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

!

32,540 32,546 32,553 32,567 32,578 32,593 32,609 32,627 32,646 32,665 32,681 i 32,696 32,702
22,108 22,266 22,180 22,140 22,157 22,031 21,906 21,953 22,131 22,276 22,3021 22,240 22,256
20,708 20,940 20,845 20,888 20,935 20,929 20,667 20,747 20,972 21,090 21,218 21,229 21,244
1,239
1,159
1,253
1,223
1,400
1,326
1,186
1,011
1,084
1,205
1,012
1,102
1,336
5.7
5.31
5.2
4.9
5.5
5.7
6.3
6.0
4.5
5.5
5.0
4.5
6.0

I

West North Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

13,533
9,617
9,161
456
4.7

13,537 13,542 13,549 13,557 13,564 13,573 13,584 13,593 13,602
9,823
9,660
9,748
9,708 9,705 9,801
9,658 9,594
9,785
9,111
9,425
9,400 9,373
9,240 9,412
9,332 9,321
9,230
484
337
401
420
375
384
428
398
412
4.1
4.4
5.0
3.5
4.0
4.4
4.1
4.2
3.9

13,610
9,885
9,475
411
4.2

13,618 13,622
9,969
9,936
9,486 9,586
383
450
3.8
4.5

WEST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

42,123 42,163 42,201 42,250 42,297 42,345 42,395 42,449 42,502! 42,559 42,610 42,660| 42,697
28,527 28,535 28,457 28,403 28,451 28,164 28,347 28,690 28,585 j 28,644 28,597 28,522 28,453
26,264 26,398 26,390 26,217 26,379 26,091 26,284 26,537 26,5861 26,717 26,690 26,649 26,552
2,186
2,067
2,064 2,153
2,263
1,907
2,072
2,071
2,137
1,873
1,901
1,999
1,928
7.7
7.4
7.3
7.5
7.9
6.7
7.5
7.3
7.3
6.6
7.0
6.7
6.7

Mountain
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

11,087 11,113
7,611
7,767
7,215
7,364
397
403
5.2
5.2

11,138 11,166 11,194 11,222 11,251 11,279
7,743
7,659 7,710
7,749
7,749
7,906
7,335 7,333
7,250 7,298 7,457
7,350
408
417
449
409
399
412
5.7
5.4
5.3
5.3
5.1
5.3

11,309 11.339J 11,368 11,396 11,421
7,894
7,860
7,883! 7,905
7,835
7,429
7,461
7,510
7,495
7,476
430
422
383
410
359
5.4!
5.5
4.9
5.2
4.6

Pacific
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

J
31,036 31,050 31,063 31,084 31,103 31,123 31,144 31,170 31,193 31,220 31,242i 31,264 31,277
20,915 20,768 20,709 20,660 20,701 20,505 20,637 20,784 20,726 20,7611 20,692 20,628 20,613
19,0491 19,034 19,040 18,882 19,047 18,842 18,986 19,080 19,156 19,255 19,195 19,139 19,076
1,704
1,569
1,506
1,497
1,490
1,537
1,663
1,669
1,655
1,651
1,734
1,778
1,867
8.2
7.6
7.3
7.2
7.2
8.1
7.5
8.1
8.0
8.0
8.4
8.9
8.6
i
_L
-L.

1
These estimates may differ from the results obtained from summing the
official State estimates produced and published through the Local Area
Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that compose the
various census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic:
New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of
Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia,
and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and

124




Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas;
East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West
North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota,
and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,
New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii,
Oregon, and Washington. Data have been revised to incorporate revised 1990
census-based population controls (covering the 1990-94 period) and updated sea­
sonal adjustment factors.

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)

Dec.

Jan.

j

Mar.

Feb.

;

Apr.

!

May

,

July

Aug.

j

Sept.

|

Oct.

'

\

]

Nov.

i

j Dec.p

1

Alabama
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1,995.1
1,847.4
147.7
7.4

2,010.1 j
1,846.9 i
163.2 j
8.1

1,987.0
1,848.8
138.2
7.0

j
I
|
!

1,979.6
1,851.4
128.2
6.5

1,974.0
1,859.5
114.5
5.8

2,008.8
1,891.1
117.7
5.9

j 2,007.7
i 1,889.1
|
118.6
j
5.9

2,002.9
1,884.1
118.9
5.9

302.0
279.3
22.7
7.5

308.0
281.5 !
26.5 !
8.6 i

311.3
285.7
25.6
8.2

j
j
!
I

309.7
284.2
25.6
8.3

309.3
283.5
25.8
8.3

309.5
283.8
25.7
8.3

309.9
285.9
24.1
7.8

308.8
283.9
24.9
8.1

2,024.8
1,896.7
128.1
6.3

! 2,023.6
| 1,913.0
!
110.6
'
5.5

2,038.4
1,928.3
110.2
5.4

2,045.5
1,939.3
106.3
5.2

309.8
286.9
22.9
7.4

306.6
283.8
22.8
7.4

Alaska
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

I
!
!
i

308.6
284.8
23.8
7.7

j
!
i
j

309.7
286.8
22.9
7.4

j
|
|
|

Arizona
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1,858.4
1,746.2
112.2
6.0

1,929.4
1,833.9
95.5
5.0

1,963.6
1,861.4
102.2
5.2

1,996.2
1,886.7
109.5
5.5

2,006.9
1,894.1
112.8
5.6

2,003.8
1,885.4
118.5
5.9

1,986.6
1,860.4
126.2
6.4

| 1,975.8
! 1,861.0
j
114.8
i
5.8

2,010.8
1,884.8
126.0
6.3

2,030.2
1,896.7
133.5
6.6

2,027.0
1,903.8
123.2
6.1

2,024.5
1,901.7
122.8
6.1

1,166.5
1,097.6
69.0
5.9

1,200.3
1,133.2
67.2
5.6

1,199.2
1,136.5
62.7
5.2

1,199.3
1,139.3
60.0
5.0

1,208.8
1,146.8
61.9
5.1

1,207.9
1,141.4
66.5
5.5

1,203.8
1,134.2
69.6
5.8

1,208.8
1,140.3
68.5
5.7

1.220.0
1,154.0
66.0
5.4

1,220.1
1,160.5
59.6
4.9

1,219.6
1,157.7
61.9
5.1

1,222.4
1,161.5
60.9
5.0

15,331.0
13,989.1
1,341.9
8.8

15,409.4
14,071.3
1,338.1
8.7

Arkansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

I

California1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

15,311.6
13,946.4
1,365.2

15,609.7
14,040.0
1,569.7
10.1

15,512.2
14,152.5
1,359.7
8.8

15,564.0
14,159.4
1,404.6
9.0

15,517.3
14,199.4
1,317.9
8.5

15,268.5
13,974.6
1,293.9
8.5

1,958.3
1,856.2
102.0
5.2

1,958.6
1,853.3
105.3
5.4

1,969.3
1,866.2
103.1
5.2

1,963.1
1,868.3
94.8
4.8

1,992.4 I 2,030.7
1,899.2 I 1,936.9
93.2 !
93.8

2,033.0
1,950.0
83.0
4.1

2,059.8
1,980.5
79.3
3.8

2,066.3
1,984.8
81.5
3.9

1,806.0
1,712.7
93.3
5.2

1,787.9
1,698.1
89.8
5.0

|
;
|
I

1,767.6
1,675.4
92.2
5.2

1,763.2
1,671.5
91.7
5.2

1,767.5
1,676.4
91.1
5.2

1,770.5
1,673.4
97.1
5.5

1,764.7
1,668.1
96.6
5.5

1,754.2
1,665.6
88.6
5.0

1,760.8
1,669.5
91.4
5.2

j
|
I
!

387.5
367.2
20.3
5.2

387.9
369.4
18.5
4.8

387.5
368.9
18.5
4.8

384.6
368.2
16.4
4.3

381.4
365.1 :
16.3 |
4.3

380.7
364.9
15.8
4.1

382.4
365.0
17.4
4.5

304.6
283.2
21.4
7.0

308.6
285.1
23.5
7.6

I 6,881.5
| 6,433.9
i
447.6
!
6.5

6,947.6
6,480.1
467.5
6.7

j

Colorado
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

15,455.5 ! 15,586.4 ! 15,489.4
14,175.1 | 14,365.8 j 14,275.1
1,214.3
1,280.4
1.220.6
7.8
8.3
7.8

15,503.5
14,065.0
1,438.5
9.3

1,954.3
1,858.1
96.2
4.9

1,968.0
1,855.2
112.8
5.7

1,968.4
1,858.1
110.3
5.6

1,779.2
1,674.4
104.8
5.9

1,796.6
1,716.2
80.4
4.5

1,820.8
1,729.3
91.5
5.0

377.8
355.1
22.7
6.0

371.3
351.7
19.5
5.3

379.6
360.5
19.0
5.0

382.4
362.5
19.9
5.2

382.2
361.0
21.2
5.5

309.8
284.3
25.4
8.2

315.7
281.4
34.3
10.9

298.4
270.5
27.9
9.3

299.6
270.4
29.2

303.1
280.7
22.4
7.4

300.4
277.7
22.6
7.5

302.4
278.2
24.2
8.0

306.3
280.8
25.5
8.3

302.4
278.2
24.2
8.0

302.4
279.8
22.6
7.5

6,773.2
6,296.0
477.2
7.0

3,802.2
3,306.9
495.3
7.3

6,708.8
6,313.9
394.9
5.9

6,788.9
6,303.7
485.2
7.1

6,793.1
6,303.0
490.1
7.2

6,810.8
6,344.5
466.3
6.8

6,794.3
6,365.4
428.9
6.3

6,776.2
6,350.9
425.3
6.3

6,779.3
6,390.9
388.4
5.7

6,872.7
6.426.6
446.1
6.5

Connecticut
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

!
|
I
|
i

Delaware
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
District of Columbia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

i
|
j
!

Florida1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




125

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

State
Mar.

'

Apr.

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Georgia
3,531.5
3,332.1
199.4
5.6

3,583.8
3,325.3
258.5
7.2

3,604.0
3,374.5
229.6
6.4

583.3
559.4
24.0
4.1

605.3
577.3
28.0
4.6

597.7
569.0
28.7
4.8

!
j
j
j

553.7
521.2
32.4

580.3
551.3
29.0
5.0

591.5
560.4
31.1
5.3

6,035.5
5,660.6
374.9
6.2

6,003.0
5,607.1
395.9
6.6

3,001.9
2,849.4
152.5
5.1

3,582.2
3,382.1
200.1
5.6

3,562.5
3,373.8
188.8
5.3

3,616.4
3,424.6
191.8
5.3

3,618.0
3.410.5
207.5
5.7

3,608.5
3,420.1
188.5
5.2

593.7
562.5
31.2
5.3

601.6
568.1
33.5
5.6

599.5
567.4
32.0
5.3

593.7
561.8
31.9
5.4

592.3
557.7
34.6
58

591 7
555.5
36.2
6.1

i
j
j
i

595.7
564.6
31.1
5.2

596.7
569.0
27.7
4.6

594.4
566.2
28.2
4.7

593.0
562.8
30.2
5.1

591.2
562.1
29.1
4.9

590.0
563.7
26.2
4.4

6,009.4
5,630.9
378.5
6.3

[
|
!
'

6.014.7
5.651.7
363.0
6.0

6,042.2
5,699.0
343.2
5.7

!
|
|
j

6,023.7
5,676.9
346.8
5.8

6,011.4
5,705.2
306.2
5.1

5,973.1
5,633.0
340.1
5.7

5,978.5
5,644.5
334.0
5.6

! 5,958.9 I
■" 5,629.9 !
\
329.0 j
;
5.5 ;

2,992.6
2,824.8
167.8
5.6

3,013.3
2,861.2
152.1
5.0

j
i
|
j
i

3,007.1
2.853.1
154.0
5.1

2.998.0
2,850.4
147.5
4.9

!
!
!
!

3,018.7
2,874.4
144.3
4.8

3,003.4
2,862.4
141.0
4.7

2,972.4
2,817.8
154.7
5.2

2,976.4
2,824.9
151.5
5.1

■: 3,041.3 I 3,069.1 \ 3,112.3
j 2,892.6 ' 2,916.5 I 2,971.4
j
148.7 !
152.7 '.. 140.9
!
4.9 '
5.0 :
4.5

1,554.8
1,498.0
56.8
3.7

1,552.1
1,479.8
72.3
4.7

1,565.9
1,500.9
65.0
4.2

:
I
|
'

1,541.6
1,485.9
55.6
3.6

1,524.5
1.4 70.0
54.5
3.6

i
i
!
i

1,549.5
1,493.9
55.5
3.6

1.559.0
1,504.6
54.4
3.5

1,557.8
1.511.6
46.2
3.0

1.559.1
1,508.0
51.0
3.3

1.321.8
1,255.8
66.0
5.0

1,335.8
1,249.3
86.4
6.5

1,327.7
1,255.4
72.2
5.4

1,336.9
1,259.3
77.6
5.8

1.347.8
1,267.4
80.4
6.0

;
!
i
•

1,356.7
1,290.9
65.9
4.9

1.348.3
1,282.4
65.9
4.9

1.344.9
1.274.2
70.7
5.3

1,339.6
1,273.2
66.4
5 0

,
;
;
:

i
j
j
j

1,785.8
1,682.5
103.3
5.8

1,809.2
1,728.0
81.3

1,814.8
1,715.2
99.6
5.5

1,801.5
1,714.8
86.8
4.8

1.792.1 I
1,704.0 :
88.1 !
4.9 :

1,804.2
1,718.4
85.8
4.8

1,794.4
1,706.5
87.9
4.9

1,813.6
1,718.2
95.4
5.3

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
U n e m p l o y m e n t rate

\
j
j
j

1,876.8
1,735.9
140.9
7.5

1,924.4
1,761.3
163.2
8.5

1,925.0 |
1,775.7 j
149.3 '

1,892.5
1,738.6
153.9

1,917.8 i
1.757.2 |
160.6 j

1,937.0
1,783.1
153.9
7.9

1,918.1
1,771.8
146.4
7.6

Maine

I
624.4
574.7
49.7
8.0

628.0
568.6
59.4
9.5

632.5
585.5
47.0
7.4

625.1
582.2
42.9
6.9

619.6
579.8
39.8
6.4

611.9
576.6
35.2
5.8

611.8
573.5
38.4
6.3

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
U n e m p l o y m e n t rate ...

! 3,593.3 ;
j 3,373.4 I
!
219.9 !
i
6.1 !

|
;
;
|

3,623.2
3,426.3
196.8
5.4

3,626.2 j
3,445.8 !
180.4
5.0

3,639.3 j
3,459.1 j
80.2
5.0

3,610.3
3,437.5
172.9
4.8

595.1 !
557.8 ;
37.3 \
6.3 i

594.1
558.6
35.5
6.0

594.6
562.0
32 6
5.5

593.8
561.0
32.7
5.5

594.3
564.4
29.9
5.0

596.8
563.9
32.9
5.5

Hawaii
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
U n e m p l o y m e n t rate ...

■
;
:
;

!
'
|
!

i
j
\
!

Idaho
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
U n e m p l o y m e n t rate .

596.2
562.2
34.0
5.7

597.6
559.3
38.3 ,
6.4

Illinois 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
U n e m p l o y m e n t rate

;
j
j

6,016.1 j
5,661.0 ;
355.1 .'
5.9 j

5,991.4
5,684.1
307.3
5.1

j
j
|
[

5,969.0
5.687.9
281.1
4.7

Indiana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
U n e m p l o y m e n t rate

j
!
j

; 3,157.8
: 3,023.6
j
134.3
■
4.3

I

Iowa
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
U n e m p l o y m e n t rate ...

1.551.9
1,501.2
50.7
3.3

1.551.1
1.501.2
50.0
3.2

i
i
!
!

1,533.3
1,483.9
49.4
3.2

1,329.6 ;
1,262.8 ;
66.9
5.0 !

1,328.1 :
1,263.4 :
64.7
4.9 \

1,330.8
1,265.8
65.0
4.9

I
j
j
\

1,326.4
1,259.6
66.8
5.0

1,826.2 ,
1,737.2 I
89.1 |
4.9

1,829.7 ,
1,736.8 :
93.0 :
5.1

1,842.7 '
1,748.0 j
94.7 |
5.1

1,831.5 !
1.743.2 '
88.3 j
4.0

1,854.7
1,768.8
85.8
4.6

1,950.1
1.799.1
151.1
7.7

1,974.2
1.818.9
155.3
7.9

1,978.4
1,826.1
152.3
7.7

1,971.3
1,806.5
164.9
8.4

■ 1,971.2
j 1,810.6
;
160.6
;
8.1

619.3
575.1
44.2
7.1

617.2
574.2
43.0
7.0

612.1
568.0
44.2
7.2

614.8
574.7
40.1
6.5

1,567.6
1,516.3
51.3
3.3

|
i
!
j

Kansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
U n e m p l o y m e n t rate
Kentucky
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
U n e m p l o y m e n t rate

!
|
!
j
i

Louisiana

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
U n e m p l o y m e n t rate .
See footnotes at e n d of table.

126




!
:
j
!

614.5
571.4
43.1
7.0

j
j
i
!

j
j
!
!

1,941.2
1,794.5
146.7
7.6

618.2
577.3
40.9
6.6

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
State
Apr.

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Maryland
2,682.8
2,521.1
161.7
6.0

2,689.9
2,523.7
166.2
6.2

2,6987
2,535.7
163.0
6.0

2,661.7
2,511.0
150.7
5.7

2,645.0
2,502.7
142.3
5.4

2,658.8
2,514.8
144.0
5.4

2,663.8
2,525.1
138.7
5.2

2,671.1
2,525.5
145.6
5.5

2,682.6
2,540.2
142.3
5.3

2,702.8
2,561.5
141.3
5.2

2,721.5
2,585.5
136.0
5.0

2,729.0
2,595.6
133.3
4.9

3,168.5
2,972.3
196.2
6.2

3,182.9
2,958.7
224.2
7.0

3,151.1
2,952.3
198.8
6.3

3.164.0
2.974.1
189.9
6.0

j 3,151.6
I 2,960.8
!
190.8
|
6.1

3,169.5
2,984.4
185.1
5.8

3,170.6
2,981.7
188.9
6.0

3,204.7
3,014.0
190.7
6.0

3,184.3
2,997.5
186.8
5.9

3,194.9
3,018.8
176.1
5.5

3,201.0
2,997.5
203.5
6.4

3,180.8
3,005.4 |
175.4 !
5.5 |

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .

4,741.6
4,395.8
345.8
7.3

4,777.5
4,425.9
351.6
7.4

4,781.9
4,747.5
4,411.3 ! 4,435.7
370.6 |
311.8
7.8
6.6

4,801.1
4,516.6
284.5
5.9

4,748.6
4,470.7
277.9
5.9

4,724.4
4,459.4
265.0
5.6

4,726.6
4,451.7
274.9
5.8

4,715.8
4,431.6
284.2
6.0

4,772.1
4,512.7
259.4
5.4

4,779.2
4,535.3
243.9
5.1

4,741.6
4,516.7
224.9
4.7

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .

2,487.0
2,367.1
119.8
4.8

2,539.6
2,426.3
113.3
4.5

2,582.2
2,475 0
107.3
4.2

2.545.2
2.436.3
108.9
4.3

j 2,562.9
i 2,455.3
|
107.6
i
4.2

2,594.2
2,504.0
90.3
3.5

2,550.9
2,459.2
91.7
3.6

2.516.1
2,428.9
87.2
3.5

2,547.2
2,455.2
91.9
3.6

2,546.0
2,451.9
94.1
3.7

j 2,573.7
i 2,479.4
|
94.3
|
3.7

2,588.4
2,498.9
89.5
3.5

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Massachusetts'

I

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Michigan1

i

Mississippi

!

I

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .

I 2,630.7
i 2,537.5
I
93.2
I
3.5

1,221.9
1,147.6
74.3
6.1

| 1,226.5
] 1,141.8
!
84.7
'!
6.9

1,216.3
1,131.3
85.0
7.0

1,215.2
1,130.9
84.2
6.9

1,229.2
1,140.0
89.2
7.3

1,240.0
1,150.0
90.0
7.3

2,660.8
2,488.1
172.7
6.5

2,667.4
2,523.8
143.5
5.4

2,637.8
2,495.1
142.7
5.4

2,643.8
2,488.8
155.0
5.9

2,646.8
2,515.3
131.6
5.0

2,643.9
2,511.0
132.9
5.0

1,244.3
1,162.8
81.5
6.6

1,248.3
1,165.8
82.5
6.6

1,255.0
1,175.9
79.1
6.3

1,241.0
1,176.2
64.8
5.2

1,254.5
1,179.0
75.5
6.0

1,246.4
1,162.7
83.6
6.7

2,658.2
2,536.7
121.5
4.6

2,661.7
2.543.2
118.5
4.5

2,682.7
2,560.4
122.3
4.6

2,721.1
2,702.0
2,601.7
2,585.7
119.4
116.3 !
4.4
4.3 I

2,746.2
2,634.2
112.0
4.1

Missouri
I

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .

!

Montana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ...

430.1
404.8
25.3
5.9

434.8
410.4
24.4
5.6

433.9
410.6
23.2
5.4

437.2
414.8
22.3
5.1

440.5
417.3
23.2
5.3

438.5
418.0
20.5
4.7

437.1
419.1
18.0
4.1

439.4
419.6
19.9
4.5

440.0
418.9
21.1
4.8

438.0
415.7
22.4
5.1

439.4
417.2
22.2
5.1

444.0
422.1
22.0
4.9

862.1
841.6
20.4
2.4

890.7
868.5
22.3
2.5

899.2
873.7
25.5
2.8

8922
863.9
28.3
3.2

881.7
855.3
26.4
3.0

883.6
856.1
27.6
3.1

876.1
848.8
27.3
3.1

874.9
851.8
23.1
2.6

877.4
856.7
20.7
2.4

881.4
857.9
23.5
2.7

877.3
855.6
21.7
2.5

876.2
853.8
22.4
2.6

764.7
709.0
55.7
7.3

768.1
729.4
38.8
5.0

779.4
741.4
38.0
4.9

780.2
741.1
39.1
5.0

779.2
738.0
41.2
5.3

772.2
730.5
41.7
5.4

775.7
731.0
44.7
5.8

779.1
734.1
45.0
5.8

783.9
735.8
48.2
6.1

788.8
743.2
45.6
5.8

786.2
740.2
46.0
5.9

784.5
738.2
46.3
5.9

621.5
583.8
37.7
6.1

627.0
596.8
30.2
4.8

618.2
585.0
33.2
5.4

625.7
596.9
28.8
4.6

623.5
594.6
28.9 j
4.6 i

617.0
587.4
29.5
4.8

621.8
592.5
29.3
4.7

627.3
596.9
30.4
4.8

630.5
601.2
29.4
4.7

626.2
601.8
24.4
3.9

Nebraska
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ...
Nevada
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .

i
I
|
j

New Hampshire
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .

628.0
602.0
26.0
4.1

|
j
j
|

630.6
606.8
23.8
3.8

j
I
j
|

625.7
600.0
25.7
4.1

See footnotes at end of table.




127

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
State
Apr.

May

July

New Jersey1

Aug.

Sept.

4,041.9
3,774.1
267.8
6.6

Nov.

I

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

3,971.6
3,687.8
283.8
7.1

4.002.2
3,723.1
279.1
7.0

3,973.0
3,686.2
286.8
7.2

3,964.4
3,658.7
305.7
7.7

; 3,946.4
j 3,663.6
j
282.8
|
7.2

3,904.3
3,634.2
270.1
6.9

3,972.6
3,695.0
277.6
7.0

4,007.4
3,745.0
262.4
6.5

4,032.4
3,781.1
251.3
6.2

761.5
704.8
56.7
7.4

782.5
736.7
45.8
5.9

780.4
740.2
40.2
5.2

775.2
734.7
40.5
5.2

786.9
745.9
41.0
5.2

785.1
741.8
43.2
5.5

781.1
741.7
39.4
5.0

781.5
740.5
40.9
5.2

789.2
746.8
42.3
5.4

8,570.2
7,902.4
667.8
7.8

8,589.9
7.952.0
637.9
7.4

8,555.2
7,891.7
663.5
7.8

8,622.3
7,941.2
681.1
7.9

8,589.4
7,916.9
672.5
7.8

8,494.3
7,939.0
555.3
6.5

8,564.2
7,962.8
601.4
7.0

8,642.7
8,038.7
604.0
7.0

7,993.2
586.8
6.8

8,550.6
8,012.1
538.5
6.3

3,562.2
3,412.4
149.8
4.2

3,560.3
3,413.0
147.3
4.1

3,591.4
3,407.0
184.4
5.1

3,576.0 | 3,591.5
3,419.9
3.444.7
156.1
146.8
4.4
4.1

3,589.0
3,439.8
149.2
4.2

3,577.7
3,438.9
138.8
3.9

3,584.7
3,421.2
163.5
4.6

3,625.7
3,446.5
179.2
4.9

3,646.1 ! 3,635.4 I 3,655.1 j 3,680.9
3,468.7 i 3,464.5 | 3,505.6 | 3.555.7
177.4
170.9 !
149.5 j
125.2
4.9 j
4.7 !
4.1 |
3.4

321.7
307.7
14.0
4.4

332.5
316.7
15.8
4.7

332.7
317.6
15.1
4.5

332.3
316.4
16.0
4.8

331.4
318.7
12.7
3.8

334.5
322.3
12.2
3.7

334.1
321.4
12.7
3.8

335.4
322.7
12.7
3.8

335.7
324.6
11.2
3.3

334.4
323.5
10.9
3.3

335.1
324.3
10.8
3.2

331.8
321.6
10.2
3.1

331.7
319.5
12.2
3.7

5,537.8
5,185.7
352.1
6.4

5,505.9
5,167.2
338.7
6.2

5,592.6
5,291.8
300.8
5.4

5,566.9
5,234.4
332.5
6.0

5,527.6
5,184.0
343.6
6.2

5,573.4
5,216.0
357.4
6.4

5,531.9
5,220.9
311.0
5.6

5,480.5
5,168.2
312.3
5.7

5,472.0
5,176.7
295.3
5.4

5,515.6
5,220.2
295.4
5.4

5,544.6
5,268.8
275.8
5.0

| 5,570.0
i 5,304.6
265.4
j
4.8
;

5,572.2
5,321.8
250.4
4.5

1,524.7
1,432.4
92.3
6.1

1,580.6
1,478.9
101.7
6.4

1,577.0
1,467.9
109.1
6.9

1.563.0
1.458.1
104.9
6.7

, 1,564.7
! 1,461.5
i
103.2
I
6.6

1,565.5
1,469.9
95.5
6.1

1,544.3
1,451.7
92.6
6.0

1,543.7
1,451.2
92.5
6.0

1.544.4 | 1,551.7
1.447.5 I 1,460.7
96.9 |
90.9
6.3
5.9

1,556.9 ; 1,564.6
1,467.6 i 1,475.7
89.3 j
88.9
5.7
5.7

1,550.7
1,466.5
84.2
5.4

1,613.8
1,505.9
108.0
6.7

1,608.6
1,493.1
115.5
7.2

1,604.8
1,490.2
114.6
7.1

1,608.2
1,507.7
100.5
6.3

j
!
!
'

1,607.4
1,512.8
94.6
5.9

1,642.4
1,547.0
95.3
5.8

1,652.3
1,555.5

1,670.1
1,579.1
91.0
5.4

| 1,680.4 J 1,679.1 i 1,664.4 j 1,655.5
! 1,589.8 i 1,595.5 I 1,582.0 i 1,575.5
I
90.6 j
83.6 |
82.4 \
80.0
!
5.4 I
5.0 !
5.0 i
4.8

1,638.7
1,554.5
84.3
5.1

5,873.4
5.497.1
376.3
6.4

5.817.9
5,459.9
358.0
6.2

5,764.4
5,457.7
306.7
5.3

5,894.8
5,495.5
399.3
6.8

j 5,864.3
j 5,480.3
j
384.0
!
6.5

5,883.5
5,519.4
364.1
6.2

5,933.2
5,577.2
356.0
6.0

5,876.2
5,502.3
373.9
6.4

509.8
468.6
41.2
8.1

523.7
468.8
54.9
10.5

514.9
475.8
39.1
7.6

498.6
467.8
30.8
6.2

503.8
471.0
32.8
6.5

503.0
467.7
35.3
7.0

4,008.6
3,748.1
260.5
6.5

4,039.7
3,769.1
270.6
6.7

! 3,999.2
! 3,750.1
;
249.1
!
6.2

New Mexico
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

783.7 |
741.0 |
42.6
5.4 I

784.7
741.6
43.1
5.5

j
|
j
j

787.0
744.0
43.0
5.5

;
|
!
i

792.3
745.6
46.6
5.9

New York1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,559.3
3,007.5
551.8
6.4

| 8.540.6
8,565.3
! 8,004.8 I 8,079.9
|
535.8 ]
485.4
!
6.3 '.
5.7

North Carolina1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
North Dakota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Ohio1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

I

Oklahoma
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Oregon

j

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Pennsylvania1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

i

5,839.2 | 5,791.4
5,477.4
5,411.9
361.8
379.5
6.2

5,769.5 >. 5,713.5
5,424.2
5,365.1
345.3
348.4
6.0
6.1

5,792.0
5,444.6
347.4
6.0

Rhode Island
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.

128




!
510.3 I
471.7 j
38.6
7.6

497.3
466.5
30.8
6.2

503.2
465.7
37.5
7.5

501.8
464.8
37.0
7.4

|
!
!
i

500.8
466.4
34.4
6.9

498.7
464.7
34.0
6.8

492.8
463.4
29.4
6.0

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
State
Dec.

Apr.

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Nov.

South Carolina
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1.829.6
1,688.8
140.8
7.7

1,792.2
1,688.9
103.2
5.8

1,830.7
1,712.3
118.5
6.5

1,813.0
1,691.9
121.0
6.7

1.821.5
1,693.9
127.7
7.0

1,821.4
1,705.4
116.0
6.4

1,820.1
1,710.3
109.8
6.0

1,826.4
1,715.5
110.9
6.1

1,835.6
1.726.1
109.5
6.0

1,833.8
1,725.6
108.3
5.9

1,852.2
1,738.4
113.8
6.1

1,854.0
1,742.0
112.0
6.0

361.2
349.1
12.1
3.4

362.3
354.1
8.2
2.3

367.8
357.6
10.3
2.8

369.6
358.5
11.0
3.0

363.2
358.8
10.4
2.8

371.2
360.4
10.7
2.9

371.6
360.2
11.4
3.1

372.9
362.0
10.9
2.9

374.6
363.9
10.7
2.8

373.6
362.0
11.5
3.1

374.3
362.9
11.4
3.1

375.5
363.7
11.8
3.1

2,515.2
2,382.6
132.6
5.3

2,596.2
2.449.7
146.5
5.6

2,597.6
2,445.7
151.8
5.8

2,611.4
2,471.6
139.8
5.4

2,641.3
2,518.1
123.2
4.7

2,643.7
2,526.7
117.1
4.4

2,624.4
2,503.1
121.3
4.6

2,628.3
2,507.9
120.4
4.6

2,623.0
2,500.4
122.6
4.7

2,637.4
2,512.5
124.9
4.7

2,650.2
2,529.5
120.7
4.6

2,657.2
2.561.0
96.2
3.6

9,284.0
8,675.2
608.8
6.6

9,304.8
8,736.9
567.9
6.1

9,319.1
8,673.8
645.3
6.9

9,313.0
8,629.0
684.0
7.3

9,359.7
8,753.7
606.0
6.5

9,374.8
8,748.3
626.5
6.7

9,406.0
8,782.5
623.5
6.6

9,473.4
8,841.6
631.8
6.7

9,406.9
8,792.9
614.0
6.5

9,340.1
8,754.1
586.0
6.3

9,398.0
8,836.4
561.6
6.0

9,474.1
8,936.6
537.5
5.7

933.2
901.5
31.7
3.4

963.3
932.7
30.5
3.2

972.8
939.7
33.2
3.4

980.4
946.7
33.7
3.4

979.1
944.5
34.6
3.5

984.7
948.1
36.6
3.7

983.3
950.2
33.1
3.4

986.6
949.6
37.0
3.8

991.8
956.8
35.0
3.5

986.8
951.9
34.9
3.5

988.3
951.3
37.0
3.7

988.0
950.5
37.5
3.8

317.1
301.1
16.0
5.0

306.9
292.2
14.7
4.8

311.4
295.5
15.9
5.1

317.2
301.8
15.4
4.8

315.6
302.9
12.7
4.0

310.4
296.8
13.6
4.4

309.4
297.0
12.3
4.0

309.2
296.0
13.1
4.2

311.0
296.7
14.2
4.6

312.7
298.3
14.4
4.6

316.0
301.2
14.8
4.7

314.6
301.2
13.4
4.3

3.386.5
3,228.3
158.3
4.7

3,395.7
3,231.1
164.6
4.8

3,390.0
3,216.8
173.2
5.1

3,398.3
3,233.3
165.1
4.9

3,452.3
3,273.5
178.8
5.2

3,448.7
3,264.1
184.6
5.4

3,402.9
3,227.0
175.9
5.2

3,399.8
3,226.8
173.0
5.1

3,421.6
3,250.6
171.1
5.0

3,455.7
3,287.1
168.7
4.9

3,455.4
3,289.5
165.8
4.8

3,473.0
3,310.4
162.6
4.7

2.723.6
2,524.8
198.8
7.3

2,800.6
2,647.2
153.4
5.5

2,761.8
2,589.8
172.0
6.2

2,743.1
2,564.7
178.4
6.5

2,711.4
2,548.7
162.7
6.0

2,696.0
2,526.5
169.5
6.3

2,716.7
2,539.3
177.4
6.5

2,708.8
2,545.6
163.2
6.0

2,741.9
2,573.3
168.6
6.1

2,720.9
2,560.7
160.2
5.9

2,717.6
2,556.7
160.9
5.9

2,722.1
2,559.8
162.3
6.0

795.3
714.5
80.8
10.2

772.6
687.8
84.7
11.0

773.4
690.8
82.5
10.7

777.4
698.2
79.3
10.2

770.9
702.6
68.3
8.9

776.5
706.6
69.9
9.0

784.3
709.2
75.1
9.6

786.8
718.2
68.5
8.7

787.8
717.0
70.8
9.0

781.6
720.7
60.9
7.8

782.5
720.0
62.5
8.0

792.7
731.2
61.6
7.8

2,743.2
2,611.0
132.2
4.8

2,799.1
2,672.3
126.8
4.5

2,844.3
2,700.5
143.7
5.1

2,826.7
2,691.1
135.7
4.8

2,802.4
2,669.3
133.0
4.7

2,788.4
2,671.7
116.7
4.2

2.804.6
2,683.7
121.0
4.3

2,809.3
2,683.6
125.7
4.5

2,815.1
2,689.9
125.2
4.4

2,823.2
2,696.0
127.2
4.5

2,806.8
2,683.5
123.2
4.4

2,793.1
2,670.3
122.9
4.4

240.9
227.7
13.2
5.5

252.5
231.9
20.5
8.1

250.7
233.8
16.9
6.7

250.7
234.5
16.2
6.5

249.1
232.5
16.6
6.7

249.7
234.7
15.0
6.0

249.4
234.4
15.0
6.0

249.6
236.4
13.2
5.3

248.7
235.6
13.1
5.3

247.9
236.6
11.3
4.5

247.9
236.0
11.9
4.8

249.2
238.0
11.2
4.5

South Dakota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Tennessee
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texas1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Utah
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Vermont
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Washington
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
West Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Wisconsin
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Wyoming
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

,

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey and incorporate
updated 1990 census-based population controls and annual revisions to seasonal
adjustment factors.
f> Z.T preliminary.




NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. All estimates, except those referenced by
footnote 1, are provisional and will be revised and reseasonally adjusted when new
benchmark and population information becomes available.

129

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian lauor force

Percent of
labor force

State and area

Alabama
Birmingham ..
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery .
Tuscaloosa ...
Alaska
Anchorage .

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

95.7
14.7
6.2
12.9
6.2
2.9

7.0
4.9
5.9
7.6
5.5
5.4

5.0
3.6
4.1
5.6
4.5
4.1

22.6
7.5

23.9
7.6

7.7
5.3

7.4
5.4

105.9
55.7
13.4

116.3
57.2
15.4

112.7
54.2
14.2

5.7
4.7
4.0

5.7
4.5
4.2

|
I
i
|

68.9
3.4
5.7
12.4
3.2

56.6
3.1
4.8
10.3
2.7

61.6
3.2
5.4
10.5
2.8

6.0
2.7
6.3
4.5
8.6

4.6
2.3
5.1
3.5
7.1

15,337.7 |
: 15,453.2
264.3 |
269.7 :
;
413.7 |
412.4 j
!
! 4.412.8 I 4,380.0 |
194.5 i
'
189.8 I
1.134.7 I
|
1,129.2 I
j
1.336.0 :
1,333.0 '
;
1.273.8 !
1,270.1
707.0 I
I
699.6
177.0
j
!
173.8
:
1,204.6
1.21C9 :
914.8
I
913.0 |
837.5
i
843.0 i
195.4 j
!
193.4 |
230.4 !
229.7 |
:
237.6
232.5 |
235.5 !
231.5
:
371.6 :
369.3
,

1,267.7
36.5
55.8
3786
28.2
64.5
76.1
112.5
49.4
26.2
81.9
46.1
47.3
14.7
13.4
30.0
16.9
29.6

1,162.2
35.5
53.7
353.0
25.9
61.4
64.0
99.9
46.3
18.8
74.3
43.2
44.4
13.6
12.4
28.3
16.6
28.6

1,078.3
31.6
48.5
355.9
24.0
53.3
55.2
86.4
40.4
22.4
64.1
38.5
37.6
12.6
11.2
25.9
14.6
24.1

8.3
13.5
13.6
8.9
14.7
5.8
5.7
8.9
7.1
14.9
6.7
5.0
5.7
7.6
5.9
12.8
7.4
8.0

7.5
13.2
13.0
8.0
13.3
5.4
4.8
7.8
6.6
10.6
6.1
4.7
5.3
7.0
5.4
11.9
7.1
7.7

94.1
6.2
44.3

75.3
5.4
35.8

64.9 j
4.1 I
30.5

4.8
4.1
4.5

3.6
3.3
3.4

96.5
13.8
4.7
36.2
14.8
6.9
7.9

82.9
11.8
3.9
30.9
13.1
6.5
6.6

81.6
11.3
3.9
30.8
12.4
6.4
6.6

5.5
6.2
4.2
5.9
5.3
3.7
6.7

4.8
5.3
3.4
5.0
4.8
3.5
5.7

20.7
15.4 i

15.7
11.4

14.6
10.7

24.2
104.8

23.2
98.8

22.3
95.5

7.9
4.1

7.6
3.8

406.7
11.4
41.4
7.8
3.4
23.3
14.6
14.0
71.6
39.4
7.9
10.0
5.6
57.4
32.0

430.2
11.4
45.5
8.7
3.6
24.2
14.5
13.8
81.7
41.6
6.4
10.5
5.4
56.4
35.3

372.3
9.9
39.3
7.4
3.6
21.2
12.2
12.7
70.5
36.5
7.2
8.6
4.8
49.5
29.9

6.0
6.2
5.9
4.8
3.5
4.8
7.4
6.8
6.9
5.4
4.8
4.2
4.1
5.5
7.2

6.2
6.0
6.2
5.2
3.5
4.9
7.2
6.5
7.7
5.4
5.0
4.2
3.8
5.3
7.8

Dec.

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.

1,997.8
425.5
161.1
244.5
147.3
73.5

2,061.2
441.2
162 5
252.4
153.5
76.0

2.059.8
445.3
162.2
251.8
153.4
76.9

139.1
20.7
9.5
18.6
81
4.0

103.4
16.0
6.7
14.1
6.6,
3.1

296.1
136.5

304.5
138.9

301.9
133.6

22.9
7.3

Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa .
Tucson

1,657.2
1,181.7
33iv.7

2,023.7
1,286.1
367.8

I
2.024.3 j
1,287.7 !
367.6 I

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers .
F o t Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,153.5
123.9
90 4
276 1
36.7

1,218.0
135.3
94.9
294.0
38.1

1,210.3
134.2
93.9
292.0
37.7

California1
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Ange!es-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Valiejo-Fairfieid-Napa
Ventura

15,,230.0
269.9
409.4
4.259.2
191.5
1,120.7
1.328.3
1,260.9
695.0
176.6
1,215.3
918.2
841.2
193.8
225.6
234.5
229.4
3^2.5

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver

1.951.0 ■
151.7 i
989.9 j

2,074.2 j
161.6 :
1,050.5 :

2,056.4
1594
1,047.7

Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford-Newark
Waterbury

1,754.2 !
223.6 ''
ii4.o ;
612.9 '
278.4 i
187.4 |
118.4 :

1.744 0
220.4
113.7
616.0
271.3
185 7
115.4

1,739.2
220.1
114.4
612.0
270.3
186.7
115.4

|
j
!
■
i
!
i

Delaware
Wilmington-Newark .

376.3 '.
263.2 i

383.2 i
285.2 I

District of Columbia ..
Washington

304.0 ;
2.551.1 ;

304.2 I
2.6*1.2 |

Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter haven
Melbourne-Titusvilie-Palm Bay
Miarri
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater .
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton

6.729.5
133.8
705.3
162.6
97.5
481.7
196.3
205.6
1,030.7
727.0
162.6
237.7
136.9
1.046.6
445.3

6.949.1
191.0
729.0
168.7
102.1
495 1
199.6
211. 7
1,058 3
767.0
166.6
247.2
142.4
\070.7
454.8

See footnotes at end of table.

130




!
;
i
i
!

i

j
|
|
|
:
:

I
|

:

;
j
'

382.7
285.0
299.2 |
2,606.1 !

6,896.2
188.3
723.6
167.3
101.0
489.5
!
200.5
209.4
■ 1,048.6
761.6
i
:
163.9
243.5
;
140.4
I
1,063.7
450.7
.

Nov.
1994

|
i
;

j
I
j
I

Dec.
1994P

4.1
4.0

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

Dec.
1994P

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

158.7
3.1
2.3
74.8
10.1
5.7
6.9
5.9

5.3
7.6
4.0
4.8
6.9
6.3
5.4
5.8

4.5
6.3
3.3
4.1
5.4
5.4
5.1
4.8

32.0
18.2

28.0
15.6

3.5
2.8

5.4
4.2

32.9
8.0

31.3
9.1

39.2
10.0

6.0
4.5

5.3
4.6

5,966.7
78.2
92.5
3,967.6
183.4
58.4
49.5
169.9
183.2
104.8

352.7
3.7
4.0
223.5
9.5
4.6
3.5
9.5
11.6
5.0

268.8
2.0
2.8
172.5
7.9
3.7
3.0
6.6
7.8
4.0

252.6
2.2
2.7
160.7
7.8
3.4
2.8
6.6
7.4
3.8

5.8
4.7
4.2
5.6
5.1
7.7
7.1
5.5
6.3
4.7

4.5
2.6
3.0
4.3
4.3
6.3
6.1
3.9
4.2
3.8

3,100.3
64.0
96.2
152.7
266.5
305.7
801.6
54.1
93.2
67.9 |
136.5 I
74.3 |

3,126.5
64.5
96.6
152.4
268.7
306.5
808.6
54.7
95.2
68.7
137.3
74.6

149.8
3.4
4.6
6.8
12.2
17.0
31.7
2.4
3.1
3.5
6.0
4.5

130.5
2.1
3.5
6.8
9.7
16.4
29.4
2.3
2.9
3.0
5.0
3.9

131.4
2.4
3.3
10.8 I
15.5
28.0
2.0
3.1
3.2
5.1
4.0

5.1
5.5
5.1
4.6
4.8
5.8
4.1
4.6
3.5
5.2
4.6
6.1

4.2
3.3
3.6
4.4
3.6
5.4
3.7
4.2
3.1
4.3
3.7
5.3

1,558.2
107.4
251.2
51.0
65.8
64.4
70.1

1,567.5
107.0
252.2
50.0
66.5
64.1
69.1

1,539.5
105.5
245.2
49.3
65.2
62.7
67.6

58.3
3.2
6.9
1.9
1.4
1.7
3.2

47.4
2.6
6.3
1.3
1.5
1.7
2.6

50.8
2.7
6.3
1.5
1.4 |
1.7 |
2.7 !

3.7
3.0
2.8
3.8
2.1
2.7
4.6

3.0
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.6
3.8

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,319.0
49.1
90.3
268.5

1,337.5
49.4
89.9
268.1

1,322.8
49.1
88.7
264.5

61.7
2.3
4.4
13.8

64.0
2.3
4.2
14.4

61.9
2.4
3.9
12.9

!
|
i
|

4.7
4.8
4.8
5.1

4.8
4.7
4.6
5.4

Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro

1,778.1
234.3
510.7
44.7

1,839.0
243.5
524.3
47.1

1,846.7
243.0
529.0
46.8

96.1
7.9
26.6
1.9

85.6
7.9
20.1
2.4

5.4
3.4
5.2
4.3

4.7
3.3
3.8
5.1

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City

1,847.0
54.5
264.3
75.3
151.6
78.3
63.6
574.4
167.4

1,965.3
57.7
283.8
79.3
160.5
82.4
67.0
603.5
179.5

1,904.5
56.1
275.4
77.4
155.3
79.9
64.5
585.7
172.4

132.6
3.7
17.3
5.2
10.2
5.6
4.1
37.4
12.3

148.2
4.1
19.5
5.2
11.6
6.6 i
4.8 i
42.3
13.9 I

81.1 j
6.4
22.5 |
1.8 |
I
137.7 |
3.9
17.9
5.6
10.3
5.8
4.0
38.7
12.2

7.2
6.9
6.5
7.0
6.7
7.2
6.5
6.5
7.4

7.5
7.0
6.9
6.6
7.2
8.0
7.2
7.0
7.7

7.2
7.0
6.5
7.2
6.6
7.3
6.2
6.6
7.1

615.2
50.7
120.4

608.0
50.0
117.3

609.0
50.4

47.6
3.7
6.4

41.3
3.1
5.0

7.7
7.3
5.4

6.8
6.2
4.3

6.5
5.8
4.1

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994"

3,566.9
52.9
64.6
1,835.9
204.5
111.8 !
143.1 |
126.7 j

3,635.9
52.4
65.9
1,886.4
203.5
112.3
143.4
125.9

3,644.3
52.5
64.2
1,895.2
202.9
112.3
143.2
125.7

188.7
4.0
2.6
88.2
14.1
7.1
7.7
7.4

162.9
3.3
2.2
76.6
11.0
6.0
7.3
6.1

Hawaii
Honolulu

582.8 '
427.7

596.3
434.5

591.3
430.1

20.5
11.9

Idaho
Boise City

550.5
177.3

593.9
196.6

593.1
195.5

Illinois1
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

6,031.0
79.0
95.9
4,003.6
184.8
60.0
49.9
171.2
184.4
105.8

5,989.1
78.3
93.8
3,977.0
185.8
59.0
49.5
170.0
183.7
105.5

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

2,966.5
61.5
91.5
150.2
252.8
294.5
768.1
52.6
87.4
66.1
130.5
73.5

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

I
j
j
j
i
|

39.8
2.9 j

See footnotes at end of table.




131

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed

I

Civilian labor force

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Maryland ....
Baltimore .

2,660.2
1,205.2

2,723.9
1,230.3

2,707.7
1,221.7

153.9
81.3

131.6
69.3

Massachusetts'
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster .
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,168.8
1,745.7
120.4
68.4
187.1
151.8
81.8
41.1
290.9
246.2

3,172.5
1,755.7
121.9
68.8
188.5
152.2
81.3
41.1
283.4
245.9

3,194.0
1,770.3
122.5
68.8
188.3
152.7
81.6
41.2
285.1
247.4

183.4
85.1
7.7
4.3
14.2
9.8
7.4
3.1
18.8
13.0

165.4
80.8
6.8
4.0
11.2
8.6
7.1
2.7
16.2
11.1

Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor .
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland .
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle-Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,734.0
280.9
82.5
2,141.3
198.9
521.0
74.9
227.2
237.7
194.8

4,738.6
280.0
83.6
2,131.1
196.7
530.4
74.5
229.2
237.6
196.8

4,709.0
279.4
82.3
2,129.0
197.3
524.4
74.3
226.9
236.7
195.9

322.1
12.1
5.9
142.3
17.7
28.9
5.4
13.1
11.6
13.3

198.6
7.6
3.6
81.2
10.6
19.1
3.1
8.6
7.5
9.0

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St.Paul.
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,452.6
116.3
1,508.6
63.4
88.0

2.588.3
118.7
1,584.3 !
65.2 !
91.5 !

2,592.8
119.4
1,599.1
65.1
91.2 i

110.9
7.6
53.8
2.3
5.2

Mississippi.
Jackson ...

1,219.6
211.8

1,247.0 i
217.6 !

1,253.0
220.7

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis LMA .
Springfield

2,646.0
879.2
1,279.6
153.2

2.732.0 !
912.0 :
1.322.1 !
162.1 ;

2,747.5
918.4
1,324.1
162.8

Montana ...

424.8

440.2 !

435.9

Nebraska .
Lincoln ...
Omaha ...

852.4
130.8
350.6

873.9 !
131.2 |
351.2 |

862.7
128.7
347.4

Nevada
Las Vegas .
Reno

763.4
554.2
162.4

784.5 ;
569.6 ;
166.0 I

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester .

621.0
96.1
95.1
119.5

634.3 i

New Jersey1
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico ...
Albuquerque .
Las Cruces ...
Santa Fe
See footnotes at end of table.

132




Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

3,986.6
163.5
663.0
283.2
590.7
484.9
1,002.6
172.1
64.3

9 8 . 3 '<
:

97.5
121.9 \

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

5.8
6.7

4.8
5.6

5.8
4.9
6.4
6.3
7.6
6.4
9.1
7.5
6.5
5.3

5.2
4.6
5.6
5.8
5.9
5.6
8.7
6.5
5.7
4.5

193.7
7.6
3.4
79.9
10.2
17.3
3.3
8.0
7.2
8.7

6.8
4.3
7.2
6.6
8.9
5.5
7.2
5.8
4.9
6.8

4.2
2.7
4.4
3.8
5.4
3.6
4.2
3.7
3.2
4.6

77.9
5.7
398
1.7
2.7

86.1
5.8
41.9
1.8
3.4

4.5
6.5
3.6
3.6
5.9

3.0
4.8
2.5
2.6
2.9

62.3
7.3

72.1
8.8

68.0
7.8

5.1
3.5

5.8
4.0

167.3
45.0
75.8
7.5

105.8
35.2
51.3
4.6

117.3
36.7
51.7
5.1

6.3
5.1
5.9
4.9

3.9
3.9
3.9
2.8

26.5 |

22.0

24.2

18.9
2.5
8.4

18.4
2.5
8.1

21.1
2.7
8.3

2.2
1.9
2.4

2.1
1.9
2.3

782.8
570.8
165.8

53.6 !
39.7 |
10.2 j

44.1
32.7
8.5

44.1
33.1
9.0

7.0
7.2
6.3

5.6
5.7
5.1

625.2
97.8
96.3
119.8

37.5
4.9 I
5.6 |
6.6

!

24.7
3.7
4.0
4.4

25.9
3.9
4.5
5.0

6.0
5.1
5.9
5.5

3.9
3.8
4.1
3.6

|
|
I
j
!
I
!
i

247.4
16.9
42.2
24.9
27.4
28.0
61.8
8.8
6.2

231.6
16.3
40.1
23.9
25.0
26.0
57.1
8.2
6.0

6.7
10.7
7.3
9.3
5.0
6.3
6.8
5.3
10.8

6.2
10.2
6.4
8.6
4.6
5.7
6.2
5.2
9.6

42.6
12.7
4.5
2.5

6.2
8.0
3.7

5.1
3.8
5.8
3.3

i
|
j
|

267.3
17.5
48.1
26.3
29.6
30.3
67.7
9.1
7.0

!
!
;
!

786.0
345.9
64.6
77.5

51.5
20.3
4.9
2.7

4,000.0
165.6
662.7
288.3
594.6
494.4
1,001.9
170.4
64.5

|
i
i
|

756.3 !
330.1
61.2
72.6 :

790.0
349.0
64.3
78.6

Dec.
1994^

Dec.
1993

4,017.1
164.2
665.7
288.6
597.4
494.4
1,006.6
172.4
64.1

I
!
I
!
!
'
:

Nov.
1994

40.6
13.1
3.7
2.6

121.3
62.6
!
|
!
!
!
I

j
j
!
!
j
;
i
I
:
>
j
|
!

167.7
79.9
6.9
4.0
10.9
8.3
7.4
2.8
16.3
11.3

|
j
i
!
j
|
|
|
|

Dec.
1994^

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

T

Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Dec.
1993

Dec.
1993

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

452.1
17.9
6.4
27.0
5.0
1.8
4.1
56.8
235.4
209.9
7.1
23.1
16.8
7.5

7.5
4.5
6.3
5.9
7.0
4.8
8.1
5.5
9.5
10.5
5.6
4.6
5.6
6.0

5.9
4.1
5.3
5.1
5.0
4.6
7.1
4.8
7.0
7.5
4.4
4.3
5.0
5.4

143.1
3.8
23.8
19.5
14.6

108.0
2.8
17.6
14.3
11.1

3.8
3.2
3.6
3.1
2.5

3.9
3.5
3.4
3.1
2.6

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994"

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy .
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Newburgh
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

8,514.2
456.5
127.7
574.2
119.1
42.8
60.0
1,348.2
3.827.4
3.164.5
166.4
566.0
368.4
143.0

|
|
!
i
!
I
]
i
I
I
!
!
;
;

8,488.7
454.1
124.5
571.1
115.3
42.9
60.3
1,335.1
3,856.1
3,196.6
168.0
567.3
366.5
143.0

8,511.4
460.1
126.7
578.9
116.7
43.8
61.5
1,354.3
3,825.7
3,160.7
169.8
573.0
369.4
144.4

636.3
20.5
8.1
34.0
8.3
2.0
4.8
74.0
365.0
331.1
9.3
26.3
20.8
8.6

501.5
18.6
6.6
29.0
5.7
2.0
4.3
64.3
269.7
239.5
7.5
24.3
18.3
7.7

North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point .
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

3,549.4 |
105.1
675.5
601.9
557.4

3,678.0
108.1
698.6
621.6
555.4

3,671.9 I
108.3
699.3
621.9
556.2

134.1
3.3
24.6
18.6
13.8

1

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

326.3
47.1
90.2
68.1

323.8
47.1
90.3
68.1

13.8
2.2
2.9
2.0

9.8
1.4
1.8
1.4

11.9
1.8
2.4
1.8

4.4
4.8
3.3
3.1

3.0
2.9
2.0
2.1

Ohio1
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

5,505.2
354.9
201.5
801.4
1,082.2
759.0
468.3
307.6
285.3

5,559.3
356.6
201.1
812.1
1,088.3
763.8
474.4
310.5
288.1

5,543.1
356.7
201.3
809.3
1,081.7
759.1
470.7
309.0
286.8

338.1
19.9
13.2
40.5
66.4
34.7
23.8
18.9
21.5

233.0
13.7
8.8
31.2
48.3
24.4
17.5
13.1
15.4

234.7
14.2
8.8
28.8
47.4
24.1
17.1
12.9
14.8

6.1
5.6
6.5
5.1
6.1
4.6
5.1
6.1
7.5

4.2
3.9
4.4
3.8
4.4
3.2
3.7
4.2
5.3

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City .
Tulsa

1,516.6
27.1
42.3
493.8
376.8

1,563.4
27.6
43.2
498.2
380.3

1,539.5
26.7
42.7
490.0
375.9

90.6
1.0
2.6
24.6
22.2

81.8
1.3
2.7
22.2
19.4

81.8
1.0
2.6
21.3
18.4

6.0
3.9
6.1
5.0
5.9

5.2
4.7
6.2
4.5
5.1

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield ...
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver.
Salem

1,604.4
152.2
81.1
938.6
151.5

1,658.2
157.4
83.3
954.6
156.9

1,628.2
156.4
83.6
932.0
154.5

102.1
9.8
5.7
49.2
9.9

74.3
6.8
4.4
35.4
7.1

78.8
7.2
4.6
35.9
7.8

6.4
6.4
7.0
5.2
6.6

4.5
4.3
5.2
3.7
4.6

Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazelton .
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

5,859.0
271.3
63.0
139.2
328.5
105.8
228.7
2,447.2
1,155.6
177.8
343.7
53.3
63.9
56.6
188.3

5,731.2
267.3
62.9
137.5
320.7
103.4
223.8
2,402.6
1,130.5
174.4
335.4
52.8
64.2
55.7
185.4

5,780.2
269.5
63.4
137.8
325.2
101.9
226.9
2,428.1
1,137.0
176.7
338.7
53.0
64.6
56.1
188.3

338.2
16.8
3.9
8.7
14.0
9.5
9.8
130.1
66.7
8.5
23.1
4.0
3.2
4.1
8.7

322.4
15.1
4.0
8.0
13.0
8.6
8.9
131.9
63.7
8.0
20.7
3.0
3.0
3.6
8.1

307.6
14.9
4.1
7.7
13.8
8.1
9.4
119.1
61.0
7.6
20.3
3.0
2.8
3.8
7.6

5.8
6.2
6.2
6.2
4.3
9.0
4.3
5.3
5.8
4.8
6.7
7.5
5.0
7.2
4.6

5.6
5.7
6.3
5.8
4.1
8.3
4.0
5.5
5.6
4.6
6.2
5.7
4.6
6.4
4.4

512.7
589.6

500.5
576.7

495.7
573.6

39.3
46.7

31.6
37.0

28.1
35.2

7.7
7.9

6.3
6.4

1,804.6
240.6
246.9
457.0

1,840.3
245.0
253.2
471.3

1,818.8
243.2
252.2
468.1

134.7
15.3
12.6
23.5

101.6
13.6
10.1
18.4

90.5
11.8
8.3 i
16.1

7.5
6.4
5.1
5.2

5.5
5.6
4.0
3.9

353.9
41.6
81.1

373.1
43.1
85.5

369.4
42.1
85.3

11.5
1.4
2.2

10.9
1.5
1.8

11.3
1.3
2.0

3.3"
3.2
2.8

2.9
3.5
2.1

Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson .
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Dec.
19940

1

315.7
46.8
89.0
65.2

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks

I
I
I

See footnotes at end of table.




133

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—-Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

vState and area
Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol .
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,498.3
216.0
220.2
322.3
483.3
561.5

2,687.8
227.2
225.1
343.3
517.9
609.3

2,642.1
225.0
220.5
336.1
507.0
600.3

114.5
9.0
11.0
12.3
21.4
18.0

93.5
6.8
8.9
10.2
19.2
14.1

Texas'
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito .
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

9,264.6 i
59.1
105.8
561.6
185.9
107.8
119.8
69.8
170.7 ;

9,494.3
59.1
110.4
588.1
187.1
108.6
119.4
73.1
175.0
1,637.9 J 1,713.1
285.5 |
282.1
823.7
792.2 |
124.6
124.9 |
1,969.2
1,939.3 I
111.2
105.3 |
67.0
64.6 |
101.0
99.5 ;
123.3
122.0 j
179.1
176.5 ;
119.7
118.3 i
50.4 !
52.0
696.4 |
709.2
46.4 !
46.6
56.7 |
57.4
81.2 |
82.5
42.6 |
42.6
97.9 ;
101.9
63.0 |
63.9

9,417.9
58.5
109.8
582.3
185.6
107.4
118.4
71.2
173.1
1,699.8
282.7
815.9
123.7
1,961.1
109.6
67.5
99.8
120.6
177.9
119.4
51.2
702.9
46.0
56.9
83.3
42.2
100.7
63.1

584.5
3.1
4.5
19.4
17.3
7.0
15.0
1.9
14.7
84.7
31.5
42.9
9.6
120.8
5.6
5.7
8.1
7.7
27.3
7.5
2.8
35.8
2.9
4.7
5.0
2.3
5.7
3.4

j
j
j
;
|
j
|
j
j

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

Dec.
1994P

Dec.
1993

Nov.
1994

82.2
5.8
7.7
9.0
16.1
12.5

4.6
4.1
5.0
3.8
4.4
3.2

3.5
3.0
4.0
3.0
3.7
2.3

530.8
2.6
3.8
19.3
16.0
6.9
11.9
2.4
14.0
78.9
23.1
40.1
8.7
111.6
5.3
5.3
6.9
4.7
26.7
7.6
2.2
30.8
2.5
4.3
4.0
2.5
4.4
3.0

542.2
2.5
4.2
19.4
15.8
7.1
12.2
2.3
14.6
78.6
24.4
41.2
9.1
113.1
5.0
5.5
7.0
4.4
27.4
7.5
2.1
30.7
2.6
4.4
6.2
2.5
4.6
3.0

6.3
5.3
4.2
3.4
9.3
6.5
12.5
2.8
8.6
5.2
11.0
5.4
7.7
6.2
5.3
8.8
8.1
6.3
15.5
6.3
5.5
5.1
6.2
8.3
6.2
5.4
5.8
5.4

5.6
4.4
3.5
3.3
8.5
6.3
9.9
3.3
8.0
4.6
8.2
4.9
7.0
5.7
4.7
7.9
6.9
3.8
14.9
6.4
4.2
4.3
5.4
7.4
4.9
5.8
4.3
4.6

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen .

937.8 ;
139.8 j
605.8 i

996.3 j
148.0 |
639.7 j

987.6
146.6
635.5

29.3
4.0
17.7

38.2
5.1
23.2

31.2
3.9
18.6

3.1
2.9
2.9

3.8
3.5
3.6

Vermont
Burlington .

316.2 I
92.3 j

315.1
92.9 j

314.0
92.8

14.7
3.3

13.1
2.7

12.2
2.7

4.7
3.6

4.2
2.9

3,447.5
72.4
59.4
108.4
720.3
498.4
131.1

3,446.2
71.9
58.8
107.6
721.7
498.3
131.5

151.1
2.5
3.4
4.8
34.1
19.8

153.7
2.5
3.7
4.5
36.3
21.3
4.5

152.6
2.3
3.8
4.3
35.1
19.6
5.1

4.5
3.5
5.8
4.5
5.0
4.1
4.6

4.5
3.4
6.2
4.1
5.0
4.3
3.4

2,720.1
1,213.3

2,733.1
1,226.4

209.4
77.7

166.8
61.9

168.5
60.4

7.7
6.3

6.1
5.1

792.2
127.2
130.5
75.2
72.6

789.3
126.9
129.7
75.2
72.6

81.3
9.1
10.3
6.1
6.8

58.0
7.0
8.6
4.1
4.0

66.0
7.6
8.4
4.6
4.4

10.2
7.1
7.9
8.1
9.4

7.3
5.5
6.6
5.5
5.5

2,782.6
209.7
74.7
>
123.5
I
75.4
;
71.3
;
69.1
|
244.0
;
;
765.3
91.2
!
58.3
i
68.1
;

2,753.3
206.8
72.8
123.1
75.3
72.4
68.2
241.3
767.1
90.6
58.0

114.8
6.8
3.8
4.3
3.6
2.8
2.6
4.7
27.3
4.1
1.6
3.5

107.0
6.4
3.8
3.9
2.8
2.7
2.1
4.3
28.1
4.0
1.6
3.6

108.1
6.5
3.5
4.0
3.0
2.7
2.1
4.5
26.0
4.2
1.6
3.2

4.2
3.3
5.3
3.6
4.8
3.8
3.8
2.0
3.6
4.6
2.9
5.3

3.8
3.0
5.1
3.2
3.7
3.7
3.1
1.8
3.7
4.4
2.7
5.3

248.5
31.7

14.2
2.2

10.7
1.4

11.8
1.6

5.9
7.0

4.3
4.5

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News ..
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

3,347.3
70.5
57.8
106.5
677.8
488.2
127.9

Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett .

2,730.8 !
1,225.1 ;

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland ...
Parkersburg-Marietta .
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah .
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming .
Casper ..

797.2
127.1
130.0
75.1
72.5
2,726.0
204.9
72.6
117.9
74.2
72.0
66.9
238.7
758.9
89.6
57.7
66.3
239.3
31.3

;
;

!
!
.
.

!
I
;
i
;

;

248.0 I
31.6 j

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey and reflect
updated 1990 census-based population controls.
p
r.-. preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. All estimates, except those referenced

134




I
i
|
|
!
|
I
!
|
j

by footnote 1, are provisional and will be revised when new benchmark and
population information becomes available. Area definitions are published annually
in the May issue of this publication.

Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two ma­
jor sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports from
employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from the
Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of the
population 16 years of age and over. The survey is conducted
each month by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the
labor force, the employed, and the unemployed, classified
by such characteristics as age, sex, race, family relationship,
marital status, occupation, and industry attachment. The
survey also provides data on the characteristics and past
work experience of those not in the labor force. The
information is collected by trained interviewers from a
sample of about 60,000 households located in 729 sample
areas. These areas are chosen to represent all counties and
independent cities in the U.S., with coverage in 50 States and
the District of Columbia. The data collected are based on the
activity or status reported for the calendar week including
the 12th of the month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires and telephone interviews
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State
agencies. The Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey
is designed to provide industry information on nonfarm
wage and salary employment, average weekly hours,
average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for
the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The employ­
ment, hours, and earnings series are based on payroll reports
from a sample of over 390,000 establishments employing
over 47 million nonfarm wage and salary workers. The data
relate to all workers, full or part time, who receive pay
during the payroll period which includes the 12th of the
month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data complement one
another, each providing significant types of information that
the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics,




for example, are obtained only from the household survey,
whereas detailed industrial classifications are much more
reliably derived from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of variations in definitions and coverage, source of
information, methods of collection, and estimating proce­
dures. Sampling variability and response errors are addition­
al reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which have a
differential effect on the levels and trends of the two data
series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics
and other private household workers), self-employed per­
sons, and unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more
during the reference week in family-operated enterprises.
Employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural indus­
tries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and
salary employees on the payrolls of nonfarm establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides in­
formation on the work status of the population without
duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons
holding more than one job are counted only once. In the
figures based on establishment reports, persons who worked
in more than one establishment during the reporting period
are counted each time their names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were not
at work during the reference week—that is, were not
working but had jobs from which they were temporarily
absent because of illness, vacation, bad weather, childcare
problems, labor-management disputes, or because they were
taking time off for various other reasons, even if they were
not paid by their employers for the time off. In the figures
based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the
company are included, but those on leave without pay for
the entire payroll period are not.

135

Hours of work
The household survey measures hours worked for all
workers whereas the payroll survey measures hours for pri­
vate production and nonsupervisory workers paid for by em­
ployers. In the household survey, all persons with a job but
not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the
computations of average hours at work. In the payroll sur­
vey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid vaca­
tion, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and as­
signed the number of hours for which they were paid during
the reporting period.

Earnings
The household survey measures the earnings of wage and
salary workers in all occupations and industries in both the
private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings
received from the worker's sole or primary job. Data from
the establishment survey generally refer to average earnings
of production and related workers in mining and manufac­
turing, construction workers in construction, and nonsuper­
visory employees in private service-producing industries.
For a comprehensive discussion of the various earnings
series available from the household and establishment
surveys, see BUS Measures of Compensation, BLS Bulletin
2239(1986).

COMPARABILITY OF HOUSEHOLD DATA WITH
OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from
the household survey includes all persons who did not have a
job during the reference week, were currently available for a
job, and were looking for work or were waiting to be called
back to a job from which they had been laid off, whether or
not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures
on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the
Employment and Training Administration of the U.S.
Department of Labor, exclude, in addition to otherwise
ineligible persons who do not file claims for benefits,
persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new
workers who have not earned rights to unemployment
insurance, and persons losing jobs not covered by unem­
ployment insurance systems (some workers in agriculture,
domestic services, and religious organizations, and selfemployed and unpaid family workers).
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment
compensation differ from the definition of unemployment
used in the household survey. For example, persons with a
job but not at work and persons working only a few hours
during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment
compensation but are classified as employed rather than
unemployed in the household survey.

136




For an examination of the similarities and differences
between State insured unemployment and total unemploy­
ment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemploy­
ment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the
Monthly Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the U.S. Department
ofAgriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the
inclusion of persons under 16 in the National Agricultural
Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual jobhold­
ers, who are counted more than once if they work on more
than one farm during the reporting period. There are also
wide differences in sampling techniques and data collecting
and estimating methods, which cannot be readily measured
in terms of their impact on differences in the levels and
trends of the two series.

COMPARABILITY OF PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufacturers and business, Bureau of the
Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ
from employment counts derived by the Bureau of the
Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufactur­
ing and business establishments. The major reasons for
noncomparability are different treatment of business units
considered parts of an establishment, such as central
administrative offices and auxiliary units; the industrial
classification of establishments; and different reporting
patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences
in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., the Census of
Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and
financial establishments, whereas these are included in the
BLS statistics.
County Business Patterns, Bureau of the Census. Data in
County Business Patterns (CBP) differ from BLS establish­
ment statistics in the treatment of central administrative of­
fices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because
of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addi­
tion, CBP excludes interstate railroads and most of govern­
ment, and coverage is incomplete for some of the nonprofit
agencies.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance
programs. Most nonfarm wage and salary workers are
covered by the unemployment insurance programs. Howev­
er, some employees, such as those working in parochial
schools and churches, are not covered by unemployment
insurance, whereas they are included in the BLS establish­
ment statistics.

Household Data
("A" tables, monthly; "D" tables, quarterly)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population and
related data are compiled by BLS using data from the
Current Population Survey (CPS). This monthly survey of
households is conducted for BLS by the Bureau of the
Census through a scientifically selected sample designed to
represent the civilian noninstitutional population. Respon­
dents are interviewed to obtain information about the
employment status of each member of the household 16
years of age and over. The inquiry relates to activity or status
during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which
includes the 12th day of the month. This is known as the
"reference week." Actual field interviewing is conducted in
the following week, referred to as the "survey week."
Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for
interview. Some 2,600 of these households are contacted but
interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not at
home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other
reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey
that ranges between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the
60,000 occupied units, there are 11,500 sample units in an
average month which are visited but found to be vacant or
otherwise not eligible for enumeration. Part of the sample is
changed each month. The rotation plan, as explained later,
provides for three-fourths of the sample to be common from
one month to the next, and one-half to be common with the
same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data
have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the
inception of the survey in 1940; those in use as of January
1994 are as follows:
Civilian noninstitutional population. Included are persons
16 years of age and older residing in the 50 States and the
District of Columbia who are not inmates of institutions
(e.g., penal and mental facilities, homes for the aged), and
who are not on active duty in the Armed Forces.
Employed persons. All persons who, during the reference
week, (a) did any work at all (at least 1 hour) as paid
employees in their own business, profession, or on their own
farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in
an enterprise operated by a member of the family, and (b) all
those who were not working but who had jobs or businesses
from which they were temporarily absent because of
vacation, illness, bad weather, childcare problems, materni­
ty or paternity leave, labor-management dispute, job




training, or other family or personal reasons, whether or not
they were paid for the time off or were seeking other jobs.
Each employed person is counted only once, even if he or
she holds more than one job. For purposes of occupation and
industry classification, multiple jobholders are counted in
the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours
during the reference week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign
countries who are temporarily in the United States but not
living on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons
whose only activity consisted of work around their own
house (painting, repairing, or own home housework)
or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and other
organizations.
Unemployed persons. All persons who had no employment
during the reference week, were available for work, except
for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find
employment some time during the 4-week period ending
with the reference week. Persons who were waiting to be
recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not
have been looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment. This represents the length of
time (through the current reference week) that persons clas­
sified as unemployed had been looking for work. For persons
on layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number
of full weeks they had been on layoff. Mean duration is the
arithmetic average computed from single weeks of unem­
ployment; median duration is the midpoint of a distribution
of weeks of unemployment.
Reason for unemployment. Unemployment is also catego­
rized according to the status of individuals at the time they
began to look for work. The reasons for unemployment are
divided into five major groups: (1) Job losers, comprised of
(a) persons on temporary layoff, who have been given a date
to return to work or who expect to return within 6 months
(persons on layoff need not be looking for work to qualify as
unemployed), and (b) permanent job losers, whose employ­
ment ended involuntarily and who began looking for work;
(2) Job leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated
their employment voluntarily and immediately began
looking for work; (3) Persons who completed temporary
jobs, who began looking for work after the jobs ended; (4)
Reentrants are persons who previously worked but were out
of the labor force prior to beginning their job search; (5) New
entrants are persons who never worked. Each of these five
categories of the unemployed can be expressed as a
proportion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the
four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian
workers. (For statistical presentation purposes, "job losers"
137

and "persons who completed temporary jobs" are combined
into a single category until seasonal adjustments can be
developed for the separate categories.)
Jobseekers. All unemployed persons who made specific
efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week period
preceding the survey week are classified as jobseekers.
Jobseekers do not include persons classified as on temporary
layoff, who although often looking for work, are not required
to do so to be classified as unemployed. Jobseekers are
grouped by the methods used to seek work. Only active
methods—which have the potential to result in a job offer
without further action on the part of the jobseeker—qualify
as job search. Examples include going to an employer
directly or to a public or private employment agency,
seeking assistance from friends or relatives, placing or
answering ads, or using some other active method. Exam­
ples of the "other" category include being on a union or
professional register, obtaining assistance from a communi­
ty organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup
point. Passive methods, which do not qualify as job search,
include reading (as opposed to answering or placing) "help
wanted" ads and taking a job training course.
Labor force. This group comprises all persons classified as
employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria
described above.
Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate represents the
number unemployed as a percent of the labor force.
Participation rate. This represents the proportion of the
population that is in the labor force.
Employment-population ratio. This represents the propor­
tion of the population that is employed.
Not in the labor force. Included in this group are all persons
in the civilian noninstitutional population who are neither
employed nor unemployed. Information is collected on their
desire for and availability to take a job at the time of the CPS
interview, job search activity in the prior year, and reason for
not looking in the 4-week period prior to the survey week.
This group includes discouraged workers, defined as
persons not in the labor force who want and are available for
a job and who have looked for work sometime in the past 12
months (or since the end of their last job if they held one
within the past 12 months), but are not currently looking,
because they believe there are no jobs available or there are
none for which they would qualify.
Persons classified as not in the labor force who are in the
sample for either their fourth or eighth month are asked
additional questions relating to job history and workseeking
intentions. These latter data are available on a quarterly
basis.
138




Occupation, industry, and class of worker. This information
for the employed applies to the job held in the reference
week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in the job
at which they worked the greatest number of hours. The
unemployed are classified according to their last job. The
occupational and industrial classification of CPS data is
based on the coding systems used in the 1990 census.
The class-of-worker breakdown assigns workers to the
following categories: Private and government wage and
salary workers, self-employed workers, and unpaid family
workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages, salary,
commissions, tips, or pay in kindfroma private employer or
from a government unit. Self-employed persons are those
who work for profit or fees in their own business, profession,
trade, or farm. Only the unincorporated self-employed are
included in the self-employed category in the class of worker
typology. Self-employed persons who respond that their
businesses are incorporated are included among wage and
salary workers, because technically, they are paid em­
ployees of a corporation. Unpaid family workers are persons
working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm
or in a business operated by a member of the household to
whom they are related by birth or marriage.
Multiple jobholders. These are employed persons who,
during the reference week, had either two or more jobs as a
wage and salary worker, were self-employed and also held a
wage and salary job, or worked as an unpaid family worker
and also held a wage and salary job. A person employed only
in private households (cleaner, gardener, babysitter, etc.)
who worked for two or more employers during the reference
week is not counted as a multiple jobholder, since working
for several employers is considered an inherent characteris­
tic of private household work. Also excluded are
self-employed persons with multiple businesses and persons
with multiple jobs as unpaid family workers.
Hours of work. These statistics relate to the actual number of
hours worked during the reference week. For example,
persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were off on
the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32
hours, even though they were paid for the holiday. For
persons working in more than one job, the published figures
relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs during the
week; all the hours are credited to the major job. Unpub­
lished data are available for the hours worked in each job and
for usual hours.
At work part time for economic reasons. Sometimes referred
to as involuntary part time, this category refers to individuals
who gave an economic reason for working 1 to 34 hours
during the reference week. Economic reasons include slack
work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find
full-time work, and seasonal declines in demand. Those who
usually work part time must also indicate that they want and
are available to work full time to be classified as on part time
for economic reasons.

At work part time for noneconomic reasons. This group
includes those persons who usually work part time and were
at work 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for a
noneconomic reason. Noneconomic reasons include, for
example: Illness or other medical limitations, child-care
problems or other family or personal obligations, school or
training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings,
and being in a job where full-time work is less than 35 hours.
The group also includes those who gave an economic reason
for usually working 1 to 34 hours but said they do not want to
work full time or were unavailable for such work.
Usual full- or part-time status. Data on persons "at work"
exclude persons who were temporarily absent from a job and
therefore classified in the zero-hours-worked category,
"with a job but not at work." These are persons who were
absent from their jobs for the entire week for such reasons as
bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor
dispute. In order to differentiate a person's normal schedule
from their activity during the reference week, persons are
also classified according to their usual full- or part-time
status. In this context, full-time workers are those who
usually worked 35 hours or more (at all jobs combined). This
group will include some individuals who worked less than
35 hours in the reference week for either economic or
noneconomic reasons and those who are temporarily absent
from work. Similarly, part-time workers are those who
usually work less than 35 hours per week (at all jobs),
regardless of the number of hours worked in the reference
week. This may include some individuals who actually
worked more than 34 hours in the reference week, as well as
those who are temporarily absent from work. The full-time
labor force includes all employed persons who usually work
full time and unemployed persons who are either looking for
full-time work or are on layoff from full-time jobs. The
part-time labor force consists of employed persons who
usually work part time and unemployed persons who are
seeking or are on layoff from part-time jobs. Unemployment
rates for full- and part-time workers are calculated using the
concepts of the full- and part-time labor force.

White, black, and other. These are terms used to describe the
race of persons. Included in the "other" group are American
Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders.
Because of the relatively small sample size, data for "other"
races are not published. In the enumeration process, race is
determined by the household respondent.
Hispanic origin. This refers to persons who identified
themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto
Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or of other
Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin may
be of any race; thus they are included in both the white and
black population groups.




Vietnam-era veterans. These are persons who served in the
Armed Forces of the United States between August 5,1964,
and May 7, 1975. Published data are limited to men in the
civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institu­
tions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are persons
who never served in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings. Data represent earnings before taxes
and other deductions, and include any overtime pay,
commissions, or tips usually received (at the main job in the
case of multiple jobholders.) Earnings reported on a basis
other than weekly (e.g., annual, monthly, hourly) are
converted to weekly. The term "usual" is as perceived by the
respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual,
interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than
half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. Data
refer to wage and salary workers (excluding self-employed
persons who respond that their businesses were incorpo­
rated) who usually work full time on their sole or primary
job.
Median earnings. These figures indicate the value which
divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one
part having values above the median and the other having
values below the median. The medians as shown in this
publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the $50
centered interval within which each median falls. Data
expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer
Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status. These are the terms used to define the marital
status of individuals at the time of interview. Married,
spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were
living in the same household, even though one may be
temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a
hospital, etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are
married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married,
spouse absent relates to persons who are separated due to
marital problems, as well as husbands and wives who are
living apart because one or the other was employed
elsewhere, on duty with the Armed Forces, or any other
reasons.
Household. A household consists of all persons—related
family members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a
housing unit and have no other usual address. A house, an
apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room is regarded as
a housing unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as
separate living quarters. A householder is the person (or one
of the persons) in whose name the housing unit is owned or
rented. The term is never applied to either husbands or wives
in married-couple families but relates only to persons in
families maintained by either men or women without a
spouse.
139

Family. A family is defined as a group of two or more
persons residing together who are related by birth, marriage,
or adoption; all such persons are considered as members of
one family. Families are classified either as married-couple
families or as families maintained by women or men without
spouses. A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in
which the householder is either single, widowed, divorced,
or married, spouse absent. Data on the earnings of families
exclude all those in which there is no wage or salary earner or
in which the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the
family is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.

HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Changes in concepts and methods
While current survey concepts and methods are very
similar to those introduced at the inception of the survey in
1940, a number of changes have been made over the years to
improve the accuracy and usefulness of the data. Some of the
most important changes include:
• In 1945, the questionnaire was radically changed with
the introduction of four basic employment questions. Prior
to that time, the survey did not contain specific question
wording, but rather relied on a complicated scheme of
activity prioritization.
• In 1953, the current 4-8-4 rotation system was adopted,
whereby households are interviewed for 4 consecutive
months, leave the sample for 8 months, and then return to the
sample for the same 4 months of the following year. Before
this system was introduced, households were interviewed
for 6 consecutive months and then replaced. The new system
provided some year-to-year overlap in the sample, thereby
improving measurement over time.
• In 1955, the survey reference week was changed to the
calendar week including the 12th day of the month, for
greater consistency with the reference period used for other
labor-related statistics. Previously, the calendar week con­
taining the 8th day of the month had been used as the
reference week.
• In 1957, the employment definition was modified
slightly as a result of a comprehensive interagency review of
labor force concepts and methods. Two relatively small
groups of persons classified as employed, under "with a job
but not at work," were assigned to different classifications.
Persons on layoff with definite instructions to return to work
within 30 days of the layoff date, and persons volunteering
that they were waiting to start a new wage and salary job
within 30 days of interview, were, for the most part,
reassigned to the unemployed classification. The only
exception was the small subgroup in school during the
140




reference week but waiting to start new jobs, which was
transferred to not in the labor force.
• In 1967, more substantive changes were made as a result
of the recommendations of the President's Committee to
Appraise Employment and Unemployment Statistics (the
Gordon Committee). The principal improvements were as
follows:
a) A 4-week job-search period and specific questions on
jobseeking activity were introduced. Previously, the ques­
tionnaire was ambiguous as to the time period for jobseeking
and there were no specific questions concerning job-search
methods.
b) An availability test was introduced whereby a person
must be currently available for work in order to be classified
as unemployed. Previously, there was no such requirement.
This revision to the concept mainly affected students, who,
for example, may begin to look for summer jobs in the spring
although they will not be available until June or July. Such
persons, until 1967, had been classified as unemployed but
since have been assigned to the "not in the labor force"
category.
c) Persons "with a job but not at work" because of strikes,
bad weather, etc., who volunteered that they were looking
for work, were shifted from unemployed status to employed.
d) The lower age limit for official statistics on employ­
ment, unemployment, and other labor force concepts was
raised from 14 to 16 years. Historical data for most major
series have been revised to provide consistent information
based on the new minimum age limit.
e) New questions were added to obtain additional in­
formation on persons not in the labor force, including those
referred to as "discouraged workers," defined as persons
who indicate that they want a job but are not currently
looking because they believe there are no jobs available or
none for which they would qualify.
f) New "probing" questions were added to the question­
naire in order to increase the reliability of information on
hours of work, duration of unemployment, and self-employ­
ment.
• In 1994, major changes to the Current Population
Survey (CPS) were introduced, which included a complete
redesign of the questionnaire and the use of computer-as­
sisted interviewing for the entire survey. In addition, there
were revisions to some of the labor force concepts and
definitions, including the implementation of some changes
recommended in 1979 by the National Commission on
Employment and Unemployment Statistics (NCEUS, also
known as the Levitan Commission.) Some of the major
changes to the survey were:

a) The introduction of a redesigned and automated
questionnaire. The CPS questionnaire was totally rede­
signed in order to obtain more accurate, comprehensive, and
relevant information, and to take advantage of state-of-theart computer interviewing techniques.
b) The addition of two, more objective, criteria to the
definition of discouraged workers. Prior to 1994, to be
classified as a discouraged worker, a person must have
wanted a job and be reported as not currently looking
because of a belief that no jobs were available or that there
were none for which he or she would qualify. Beginning in
1994, persons classified as discouraged must also have
looked for a job within the past year (or since their last job, if
they worked during the year), and must have been available
for work during the reference week (a direct question on
availability was added in 1994; prior to 1994, availability
had been inferred from responses to other questions.) These
changes were made because the NCEUS and others felt that
the previous definition of discouraged workers was too
subjective, relying mainly on an individual's stated desire
for a job and not on prior testing of the labor market.
c) Similarly, the identification of persons employed part
time for economic reasons (working less than 35 hours in the
reference week because of poor business conditions or
because of an inability to find full-time work) was tightened
by adding two new criteria for persons who usually work part
time: They must want and be available for full-time work.
Previously, such information was inferred. (Persons who
usually work full time but worked part time for an economic
reason during the reference week are assumed to meet these
criteria.)
d) Specific questions were added about the expectation of
recall for persons who indicate that they are on layoff. To be
classified as "on temporary layoff," persons must expect to
be recalled to their jobs. Previously, the questionnaire did
not include explicit questions about the expectation of
recall.
e) Persons volunteering that they were waiting to start a
new job within 30 days must have looked for work in the 4
weeks prior to the survey in order to be classified as
unemployed. Previously, such persons did not have to meet
the job-search requirement in order to be included among
the unemployed.
For additional information on changes in CPS concepts
and methods, see Concepts and Methods Used in Labor
Force Statistics Derived from the Current Population
Survey, BLS Report 463, October 1976 and "Overhauling
the Current Population Survey—Why is it Necessary to
Change?," "Redesigning the Questionnaire," and "Evaluat­
ing Changes in the Estimates," Monthly Labor Review,
September 1993, and "Revisions in the Current Population




Survey Effective January 1994," in the February 1994 issue
of this publication.

Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the refinements in concepts, definitions, and
methods made over the years, other changes have also
affected the comparability of the labor force data.
• Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from
the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population
levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total
employment, and agricultural employment were increased
by about 350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals
and men; other categories were relatively unaffected.
• Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii
resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population
and about 300,000 in the labor force. Four-fifths of this
increase was in nonagricultural employment; other labor
force categories were not appreciably affected.
• Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the
1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and
labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemploy­
ment totals were virtually unchanged.
• Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census
was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing
the population by about 800,000; labor force and employ­
ment totals were raised by a little more than 300,000;
unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged.
• In March 1973, a subsequent population adjustment
based on the 1970 census was introduced. This adjustment,
which affected the white and black-and-other groups but had
little effect on totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly
300,000 in the white population and an increase of the same
magnitude in the black-and-other population. Civilian labor
force and total employment figures were affected to a lesser
degree; the white labor force was reduced by 150,000, and
the black-and-other labor force rose by about 210,000.
Unemployment levels and rates were not significantly
affected.
• Beginning in January 1974, the method used to prepare
independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional popu­
lation was modified to an "inflation-deflation" approach.
This change in the derivation of the estimates had its greatest
impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year old men—particularly
those of the black-and-other population—but had little
effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and over.
Additional information on the adjustment procedure appears
in "CPS Population Controls Derived from Inflation-Defla­
tion Method of Estimation," in the February 1974 issue of
this publication.
• Effective in July 1975, as a result of the large inflow of
Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and
141

black-and-other independent population controls for per­
sons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by
76,000—(30,000 men and 46,000 women.) The addition of
the refugees increased the black-and-other population by
less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, with all of the
changes being confined to the "other" component of the
population.
• Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an
expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation
procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the
civilian labor force and employment totals; unemployment
levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation
of the procedural changes and an indication of the differ­
ences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
in January 1978" in the February 1978 issue of this
publication.
• Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual
was determined by the household respondent for the
incoming rotation group households, rather than by the
interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to
provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race.
Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample households
had race determined by the household respondent and
seven-eighths of the sample households had race determined
by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980
that the entire sample had race determined by the household
respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on
the estimates.
• Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio adjust­
ment method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure.
Differences between the old and new procedures existed
only for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates,
not for the total United States. The reasoning behind the
change and an indication of the differences appear in
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January
1979" in the February 1979 issue of this publication.
• Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio
adjustment method was changed. The purpose of the change
and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the
February 1982 issue of this publication. In addition, current
population estimates used in the second-stage estimation
procedure were derived from information obtained from the
1980 census, rather than the 1970 census. This change
caused substantial increases in the total population and in the
estimates of persons in all labor force categories. Rates for
labor force characteristics, however, remained virtually
unchanged. Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted
back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment
procedure used is also described in the February 1982 article
cited above. The revisions did not, however, smooth out the
breaks in series occurring between 1972 and 1979 (de­
142




scribed above), and data users should consider them when
comparing estimates from different periods,
• Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjust­
ment method was updated to incorporate data from the 1980
census. The purpose of the change and an indication of its
effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics
appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of
this publication. There were only slight differences between
the old and new procedures in estimates of levels for the
various labor force characteristics and virtually no differ­
ences in estimates of participation rates.
• Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the CPS
estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the
first-and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite
estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in
the Estimating Methods section. A description of the
changes and an indication/ of their effect on national
estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Changes
in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population
Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the February 1985
issue of this publication. Overall, the revisions had only a
slight effect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on
estimates of persons of Hispanic origin. Major estimates
were revised back to January 1980.
• Beginning in January 1986, the population controls
used in the second-stage ratio adjustment method were
revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of
undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980
and an improved estimate of the number of emigrants among
legal foreign-born residents for the same time period. As a
result, the total civilian population and labor force estimates
were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian employment was
increased by about 350,000. The Hispanic-origin population
and labor force estimates were raised by about 425,000 and
305,000, respectively, and Hispanic employment by
270,000. Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and
rates were not significantly affected. Because of the
magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data were
revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. A.n
explanation of the changes and their effect on estimates of
labor force characteristics appear in "Changes in the
Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of
this publication.
• Beginning in August 1989, the second-stage ratio
estimate cells were changed slightly to decrease the chance
of very small cells occurring and to be more consistent with
published age, sex, race cells. This change had virtually no
effect on national estimates.
• Beginning in January 1994, population estimates used
in the second-stage estimation procedure were based on

information obtained from the 1990 census (adjusted for the
undercount as measured by the Census Bureau's Post
Enumeration Survey). This change resulted in substantial
increases in total population and in all major labor force
categories. Under the new population controls, the civilian
noninstitutional population increased by about 1.3 million,
with much of the increase occurring among Hispanics.
Estimates of employment were raised by about 950,000, and
unemployment by approximately 200,000. In addition, the
overall unemployment rate rose by about 0.1 percentage
point, largely reflecting the increase in the Hispanic share of
the population, which has a higher-than-average incidence
of unemployment. For further information, see "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994,"
in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
Additionally, for the period January through May 1994,
the composite estimation procedure was suspended due to
technical and logistical reasons.

Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational
employment data was affected as a result of changes in the
occupational classification system for the 1970 census that
were introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further
affected in December 1971, when a question relating to
major activity or duties was added to the monthly CPS
questionnaire in order to determine more precisely the
occupational classification of individuals. As a result of
these changes, meaningful comparisons of occupational
employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and
prior years nor between those 2 years. Unemployment rates
were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of
the changes in the occupational classification system, see
"Revisions in Occupational Classifications for 1971" and
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey" in the
February 1971 and February 1972 issues, respectively, of
this publicatioa
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and indus­
trial classification systems used in the 1980 census were
introduced into the CPS. The 1980 census occupational clas­
sification system evolved from the Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system and was so radically different
in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that
comparisons of historical data are not possible without ma­
jor adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales
occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category
"sales workers." Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in
retail trade establishments from "managers and administra­
tors, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980
census was based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classifica­
tion (SIC) system, as modified in 1977. The adoption of the
new system had much less of an adverse effect on historical
comparability than did the new occupational system. The




most notable changes from the 1970 system were the
transfer of farm equipment stores from "retail" to "whole­
sale" trade, postal service from "public administration" to
"transportation," and some interchange between "profes­
sional and related services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational and
industrial classification systems appears in "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in
the February 1983 issue of this publicatioa
Beginning in January 1992, the occupational and indus­
trial classification systems used in the 1990 census were
introduced into the CPS. (These systems were largely based
on the 1980 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)
and 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) systems,
respectively.) There were a few breaks in comparability
between the 1980 and 1990 census-based systems, particu­
larly within the "technical, sales, and administrative sup­
port" categories. The most notable changes in industry
classification were the shift of several industries from
"business services" to "professional services" and the
splitting of some industries into smaller, more detailed
categories. A number of industry titles were changed as well,
with no change in content.

Sampling
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various
changes in the design of the CPS sample. The sample is
traditionally redesigned and a new sample selected after
each decennial census. Also, the number of sample areas and
the number of sample persons are changed occasionally.
Most of these changes are made in order to improve the
efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the
reliability of the sample estimates. When Alaska and Hawaii
received statehood, three sample areas were added to the
existing sample to account for the population of these States.
In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing
units, selected in 24 States and the District of Columbia, was
designed to provide more reliable annual average estimates
for States. In October 1978, a coverage improvement sample
of approximately 450 sample household units representing
237,000 occupied mobile homes and 600,000 new construc­
tion housing units was added. In January 1980, another
supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected in 32
States and the District of Columbia was added. A sample
reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May
1981. In January 1982, the sample was expanded by 100
households to provide additional coverage in counties added
to Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs), which
were redefined in 1973. In January 1985, a new State-based
CPS sample was selected based on 1980 census information.
A sample reduction of about 4,000 households was imple­
mented in April 1988; they were reinstated during the
8-month period, April-November 1989. A redesigned CPS
sample based on the 1990 decennial census has been
selected for use during the 1990's. Households from this new
sample will be phased in during the April 1994 through July
1995 period. For further information, see "Redesign of the
143

Sample for the Current Population Survey" in the May 1994
issue of this publication.
The 1980 census-based sample design includes about
72,000 housing units per month located in 729 selected
geographic areas called primary sampling units (PSU's).
The sample was initially selected so that specific reliability
criteria were met nationally, for each of the 50 States, for the
District of Columbia, and for the sub-State areas of New
York City and the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan
area. Since 1985, these reliability criteria have been
maintained through periodic additions and deletions in the
State samples. The criteria, given below, are based on the
coefficient of variation (CV) of the unemployment rate,
where the CV is defined as the standard error of the estimate
divided by the estimate, expressed as a percentage. These
CV controls assume a 6-percent unemployment rate to
establish a consistent specification of sampling error.
Nationally, a 1.8-percent CV is maintained on the
monthly unemployment rate estimate. This means that a
change of 0.2 percentage point in the unemployment rate is
significant at a 90-percent confidence level.
In 11 States—California, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts,
Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, and Texas—the most populous States at the
time of the 1980 decennial census, an 8-percent CV is
maintained on the monthly unemployment rate estimates. In
the other 39 States and the District of Columbia, an
8-percent CV is maintained on the annual unemployment
rate estimate. In New York City and the Los Angeles-Long
Beach metropolitan area, a 9-percent CV is maintained on
the monthly unemployment rate estimates.
In the first stage of sampling, the 729 sample areas are
chosen. In the second stage, ultimate sampling unit clusters
composed of about four housing units each are selected.
Each month, about 72,000 housing units are assigned for
data collection, of which about 60,000 are occupied and thus
eligible for interview. The remainder are units found to be
destroyed, vacant, converted to nonresidential use, contain­
ing persons whose usual place of residence is elsewhere, or
ineligible for other reasons. Of the 60,000 housing units, 4 to
5 percent are not interviewed in a given month due to
temporary absence (vacation, etc.), other failures to make
contact after repeated attempts, inability of persons con­
tacted to respond, unavailability for other reasons, and
refusals to cooperate (about half of the noninterviews).
Information is obtained each month for about 113,000
persons 16 years of age and older.
Selection of sample areas. The entire area of the United
States, consisting of 3,137 counties and independent cities,
is divided into 1,973 sample units (PSU's). In most States, a
PSU consists of a county or a number of contiguous counties.
In New England and Hawaii, minor civil divisions are used
instead of counties.
Metropolitan areas within a State are used as a basis for
forming PSU's. Outside of metropolitan areas, counties
144




normally are combined, except where the geographic area of
the sample county is very large. Combining counties to
form PSU's provides greater heterogeneity; a typical PSU
includes urban and rural residents of both high and low
economic levels and encompasses, to the extent feasible,
diverse occupations and industries. Another important
consideration is to have the PSU sufficiently compact so
that, with a small sample spread throughout, it can be
efficiently canvassed without undue travel cost.
The 1,973 PSU's are grouped into strata within each State.
Then one PSU is selected from each stratum with the
probability of selection proportional to the population of the
PSU. There are 314 PSU's in strata by themselves that are
self-representing, and generally these are the most popu­
lated PSU's in each State. The remaining strata are formed
by combining PSU's that are similar in such characteristics
as population growth; proportions of blacks and of Hispanics
(in certain States); and population distribution by occupa­
tion, industry, age, and sex. The PSU's, randomly selected
from these strata, are non-self-representing, because each
one chosen represents the entire stratum. The probability of
selecting a particular PSU in a non-self-representing stratum
is proportional to its 1980 population. For example, within a
stratum, the chance that a PSU with a population of 50,000
would be selected for the sample is twice that for a PSU
having a population of 25,000.
Selection of sample households. Because the sample design
is State based, the sampling ratio differs by State and
depends on the reliability requirements for estimates for
each State. The State sampling ratios range roughly from 1
in every 200 households to 1 in every 2,500 households in
each stratum of the State. The sampling ratio occasionally is
modified slightly to hold the size of the sample relatively
constant given the overall growth of the population. The
sampling ratio used within a sample PSU depends on the
probability of selection of the PSU and the sampling ratio for
the State. In a sample PSU with a probability of selection of 1
in 10 with a State sampling ratio of 1 in 2,500, the
within-PSU sampling ratio that results is 1 in 250, thereby
achieving the desired ratio of 1 in 2,500 for the stratum.
Within each designated PSU, several steps are involved in
selecting the housing units to be enumerated. First, the 1980
census enumeration districts (ED's), which are administra­
tive units and contain on the average about 300 housing
units, are ordered so that the sample would reflect the
demographic and residential characteristics of the PSU.
Within each ED, the housing units are sorted geographically
and are grouped into clusters of approximately four housing
units. Next, a systematic sample of these clusters of housing
units is selected.
The identification of the sample housing units within an
ED is made wherever possible from the list of ED addresses
compiled during the 1980 census. The address lists are used
in about three-fourths of the ED's, primarily in urban areas.
Area sampling is applied in the remaining ED's, mostly in

rural areas. In ED's where address lists are used, automated
methods are used to form clusters of geographically
contiguous housing units. An effort is made to have all small,
multi-unit addresses (two to four housing units) included in
the same cluster. The methods use the within-PSU sampling
ratio to identify appropriate clusters for the sample.
Supplemental samples are also prepared to account for
addresses in isolated geographic areas and to account for
housing units not found on the address lists, including
housing units newly constructed in the PSU since the census
date. TTie addresses of these units are obtained mainly from
records of building permits.
In those ED's where area sampling methods are used,
mainly rural areas, the ED's are subdivided into small land
"chunks" with well-defined boundaries and having, in
general, an expected "size" of about 8 to 12 housing units
or other living quarters. For each subdivided ED, one chunk
(or more) is designated for the sample. When a selected
chunk contains about four households, for example, all units
are included in the sample. When the size of the chunk is
several times four units, an interviewer does not conduct
interviews at all housing units in the chunk but uses a
systematic sampling pattern to obtain approximately four
households. The remaining housing units in the chunk are
then available for further samples. Area ED's also make use
of building permit lists to identify newly constructed
housing units.

Rotation of sample. Part of the sample is changed each
month. For each sample, eight representative subsamples or
rotation groups are identified. A given rotation group is
interviewed for a total of 8 months, divided into two equal
periods. It is in the sample for 4 consecutive months, leaves
the sample during the following 8 months, and then returns
for another 4 consecutive months. In any 1 month,
one-eighth of the rotation groups are in their first month of
enumeration, another eighth is in their second month, and so
on. Under this system, 75 percent of the sample segments are
common from month to month and 50 percent from year to
year for the same month. This procedure provides a
substantial amount of month-to-month and year-to-year
overlap in the sample, thus providing better estimates of
change and reducing discontinuities in the series of data
without burdening any specific group of households with an
unduly long period of inquiry.
Table 1-A provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use since 1947. A more detailed ac­
count of the history of the CPS sample design appears in the
Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Tech­
nical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or Concepts and
Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the
Current Population Survey, Report 463, Bureau of Labor Sta­
tistics. A description of the 1980 census-based sample ap­
pears in "Redesign of the Sample for the Current Population
Survey," in the May 1984 issue of this publication.

Table 1-A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to present
Households eligible
Time period

Aug.
Feb.
May
Jan.
Mar
Jan.
Aug
Aug.
Jan
Jan.
May
Jan.
Apr.
Nov.

1947
1954
1956
1960
1963
1967
1971
1972
1978
1980
1981
1985
1988
1989

to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to

Jan. 1954
Apr. 1956
Dec 1959
Feb. 1963
Dec 1966
July 1971
July 1972
Dec. 1977
Dec. 1979
Apr. 1981
Dec 1984
Mar. 1988
Mar. 1989
present 3

1

Number of sample
areas

68
230
1
330
2
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
729
729

Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in
each State and the District of Columbia.
2 Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and Hawaii
after statehood.




Households visited
but not eligible
Interviewed

Not interviewed

21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45.000
45,000
53,500
62.200
57,800
57,000
53,200
57,400

500-1,000
500-1,000
1.500
1.500
1.500
2.000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
2,600
2,600

3,000-3.500
3.000-3,500
6000
6.000
6.000
8,500
8.000
8.000
10000
12,000
11,000
11.000
11.500
11.800

3
The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month period,
April-November 1989.

145

ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously
and are based on returns from the entire panel of respon­
dents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data
from each sample person by the inverse of the probability of
the person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure
of the number of actual persons that the sample person repre­
sents. Since 1985, almost all sample persons within the same
State have the same probability of selection. Exceptions in­
clude sample persons in New York and California, where
households in New York City and Los Angeles are selected
with higher probability. Selection probabilities may also dif­
fer for some sample areas due to field subsampling, which is
carried out when areas selected for the sample are found to
contain many more households than expected. Through a se­
ries of estimation steps (outlined below), the selection prob­
abilities are adjusted for noninterviews and survey undercoverage; data from previous months are incorporated into
the estimates through the composite estimation procedure.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for
occupied sample households for which no information was
obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or
unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This
noninterview adjustment is made separately for clusters of
similar sample areas that are usually, but not necessarily,
contained within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based
on Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size.
Within each cluster, there is a further breakdown by
residence. Each MSA cluster is split by "central city" and
"balance of the MSA." Each non-MSA cluster is split by
"urban" and "rural" residence categories. The proportion of
sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5
percent, depending on weather, vacation, etc.
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population
selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance,
from that of the population as a whole in such characteristics
as age, race, sex, and State of residence. Because these
characteristics are closely correlated with labor force
participation and other principal measurements made from
the sample, the survey estimates can be substantially
improved when weighted appropriately by the known
distribution of these population characteristics. This is
accomplished through two stages of ratio adjustment, as
follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimation. The purpose of the
first-stage ratio adjustment is to reduce the contribution to
variance that results from selecting a sample of PSU's rather
than drawing sample households from every PSU in the
Nation. This adjustment is made to the CPS weights in two
race cells: Black and nonblack; it is applied only to PSU's
that are not self-representing and for those States that have a
146




substantial number of black households. The procedure
corrects for differences that existed in each State cell at the
time of the 1980 census between 1) the race distribution of
the population in sample PSU's and 2) the race distribution
of all PSU's (both 1 and 2 exclude self-representing PSU's.)
b. Second-stage ratio estimation. This procedure substan­
tially reduces the variability of estimates and corrects, to
some extent, for CPS undercoverage. The CPS sample
weights are adjusted to ensure that sample-based estimates
of population match independent population controls. Three
sets of controls are used:
1) 51 State controls of the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years of age and older
2) National civilian noninstitutional population con­
trols for 14 Hispanic and 5 non-Hispanic age-sex
categories
3) National civilian noninstitutional population con­
trols for 66 white, 42 black, and 10 "other" age-sex
categories
The independent population controls are prepared by
projecting forward the resident population as enumerated on
April 1, 1990. The projections are derived by updating
demographic census data with information from a variety
of other data sources that account for births, deaths, and net
migration. Estimated numbers of resident Aimed
Forces personnel and institutionalized persons reduce the
resident population to the civilian noninstitutional popula­
tion. Estimates of net census undercount, determined from
the Post Enumeration Survey, are added to the population
projections. Prior to January 1994, the projections were
based on earlier censuses, and there was no correction for
census undercount. A summary of the current procedures
used to make population projections is given in "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994,"
appearing in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
3. Composite estimation procedure. The last step in the prep­
aration of most CPS estimates makes use of a composite es­
timation procedure. The composite estimate consists of a
weighted average of two factors: The two-stage ratio esti­
mate based on the entire sample from the current month and
the composite estimate for the previous month, plus an esti­
mate of the month-to-month change based on the six rotation
groups common to both months. In addition, a bias adjust­
ment term is added to the weighted average to account for
relative bias associated with month-in-sample estimates.
This month-in-sample bias is exhibited by unemployment
estimates for persons in their first and fifth months in the
CPS being generally higher than estimates obtained for the
other months.
The composite estimate results in a reduction in the
sampling error beyond that which is achieved after the two
stages of ratio adjustment. For some items, the reduction is

substantial. The resultant gains in reliability are greatest in
estimates of month-to-month change, although gains are
also usually obtained for estimates of level in a given month,
change from year to year, and change over other intervals of
time-

Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the
totals shown in the same tables because of independent
rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand.
Similarly, sums of percent distributions may not always
equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, howev­
er, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based
on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The
standard errors provided indicate primarily the magnitude of
the sampling error. They also incorporate the effect of some
nonsampling errors in response and enumeration but do not
account for any systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to
quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS, as
discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be
small on estimates of relative change, such as month-tomonth change. Estimates of monthly levels would be more
severely affected by the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many
sources, e.g., the inability to obtain information about all
persons in the sample; differences in the interpretation of
questions; inability or unwillingness of respondents to
provide correct information; inability to recall information;
errors made in collecting and processing the data; errors
made in estimating values for missing data; and failure to
represent all sample households and all persons within
sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of
the survey are studied by means of a reinterview program.
This program is used to estimate various sources of error as
well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers.
A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected
through reinterview at regular intervals. The results indi­
cate, among other things, that the data published from the
CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A descrip­
tion of the CPS reinterview program and some of the other
results may be found in the Current Population Survey
Reinterview Program, January 1961 through December
1966, Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan
used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies by
rotation group. A description of these effects appears in "The
Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From Panel




Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American
Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. The
CPS covers about 94 percent of the decennial census
population. It is known that the CPS undercoverage varies
with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally, under­
coverage is larger for men than for women and larger for
blacks, Hispanics, and other races than for whites. Ratio
adjustment to independent age-sex-race-origin population
controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the
biases due to survey undercoverage. However, biases exist
in the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed
households or missed persons in interviewed households
have different characteristics than interviewed persons in
the same age-sex-race-origin group.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS
appears in An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by
the Current Population Survey, by Camilla Brooks and
Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S.
Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical
Policy and Standards; in "The Current Population Survey:
An Overview," by Marvin Thompson and Gary Shapiro,
Annals of Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April
1973; and in The Current Population Survey, Design and
Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the
Census, U.S. Department of Commerce. This last document
includes a comprehensive discussion of various sources of
errors and describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. When a sample rather than the entire
population is surveyed, estimates differ from the true
population values that they represent. This difference, or
sampling error, occurs by chance, and its variability is
measured by the standard error of the estimate. Sample
estimates from a given survey design are unbiased when an
average of the estimates from all possible samples would
yield, hypothetically, the true population value. In this case,
the sample estimate and its standard error can be used to
construct approximate confidence intervals, or ranges of
values, that include the true population value with known
probabilities. If the process of selecting a sample from the
population were repeated many times and an estimate and its
standard error calculated for each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error
above the estimate would include the true population value.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors
above the estimate would include the true population value.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from two
standard errors below the estimate to two standard errors
above the estimate would include the true population value.
Although the estimating methods used in the CPS do not
produce unbiased estimates, biases for most estimates are
147

believed to be small enough so that these confidence interval
statements are approximately true.
Since it would be too costly to develop standard errors for
all CPS estimates, generalized variance function techniques
are used to calculate sets of standard errors for various types
of labor force characteristics. It is important to keep in mind
that standard errors computed from these methods reflect
contributions from sampling errors and some kinds of
nonsampling errors and indicate the general magnitude of an
estimate's standard error rather than its precise value.
The generalized variance functions and standard errors
provided here are based on the sample design and estimation
procedures as of 1987 and have been adjusted to reflect the
population levels and sample size as of 1993 as well as the
use of new population controls based on the 1990 census. For
years prior to 1967, the standard errors obtained must be
further adjusted to reflect the CPS sample size in effect at
that time. For years prior to 1956, standard errors should be
multiplied by 1.5; for the years 1956 through 1966, standard
errors should be multiplied by 1.22.
Tables 1-B through 1-H are provided so that approximate
standard errors of estimates can be easily obtained. These
tables are briefly summarized here; details illustrating the
proper use of each table follow.
Tables 1-B and 1-C show standard errors for estimated
monthly levels and rates for selected employment status
characteristics; these tables also provide standard errors for
consecutive month-to-month changes in the estimates.
These standard errors are based on levels of recent estimates
and can be determined directly by finding the characteristic
of interest.
Tables 1-D and 1-E show standard errors for monthly
levels and consecutive monthly changes in levels for general
employment status characteristics. The standard errors are
calculated using linear interpolation based on the size of the
monthly estimates.
Tables 1-F and 1-G give parameters that can be used
with formulas to calculate a standard error on nearly
any specified level, unemployment rate, percentage, or
consecutive month-to-month change. For monthly levels
and consecutive month-to-month changes in levels, tables
1-F and 1-G are preferred to tables 1-D and 1-E, since
the formulas provide more accurate results than linear
interpolation.
Table 1-H presents factors used to convert standard errors
of monthly levels and rates determined from tables 1-B, 1-C,
1-D, and 1-F to standard errors pertaining to quarterly and
yearly averages, consecutive year-to-year changes of
monthly estimates, and changes in quarterly and yearly
averages.
The standard errors for estimated changes from 1 month
to the next, 1 year to the next, etc., depend more on the
monthly levels for characteristics than on the size of the
changes. Accordingly, tables 1-E, 1-G, and 1-H use monthly
levels (not the magnitude of the changes) for approximating

148




Table 1-B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(In thousands)

Category

Total, 16 years and over
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Monthly
level

Consecutivemonth change

275
295
146

204
224
160

Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

179
194
103

152
164
118

Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

204
209
90

155
160
105

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

89
87
58

88
86
75

127
129
66

94
98
75

Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

72
76
45

63
67
53

Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

90
89
43

68
68
50

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

36
31
28

Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Hispanic origin, 16 years and
over:r
Civilian labor force
Employed

121
123
58

!

|

38
32
33

85
100
68

standard errors of change. Standard errors for estimated
change between nonconsecutive months are not provided
(except for year-to-year change); however, these may be as­
sumed to be higher than the standard errors for consecutive
monthly change.
Use of tables 1-B and 1-C. These tables provide a quick ref­
erence for standard errors of major characteristics. Table 1-B
gives approximate standard errors for estimates of monthly
levels and consecutive month-to-month changes in levels
for major employment status categories. Table 1-C gives
approximate standard errors for estimates of monthly unem­
ployment rates and consecutive month-to-month changes in
unemployment rates for some demographic, industrial, and
occupational categories. For characteristics not given in
tables 1-B and 1-C, refer to either tables 1-D and 1-E or
tables 1-F and 1-G.
Illustration. Suppose that for a given month the number of
women 20 years and over in the civilian labor force is esti­
mated to be 54,000,000. For this characteristic, the approxi-

Table 1-C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by
major characteristics
Characteristic
Total. 16 years and over —
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes. 16 to 19 years
White workers
Black workers
Hispanic-origin workers
Married men, spouse present . . .
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families . . .

Monthly
level

Consecutive
month change

0.11
.16
.15
.16
.16
.76
.12
.47
.53
.16
.19
.54

0.13
.19
.18
.19
.19
1.00
.14
.55
.63
.19
.22
.65

.23
.19

.27
.23

.48
.31

.57
.37

.25
1.27
.72

.30
1.51
.86

.36

.43

.36

.43

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and
managerial
Professional specialty
Technicians and related
support
Sales
Administrative support,
including clerical
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private
household and protective
service
Precision production, craft, and
repair
Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors
Transportation and material
moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners,
helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing . . .

.52

.62

.57

.68

.74
.73

.88
.87

Industry
Nonagricultural private wag
and salary workers
Goods-producing industries ..
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing
industries
Transportation, communi­
cations, and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade ..
Finance and services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary
workers

.13
.28
1.57
.73
.29
.38
.45

.16
.33
1.87
.87
.34
.45
.53

.15

.18

.43
.27
.19
.21

.51
.33
.23
.25

1.19

1.42

mate standard error of 204,000 is given in table 1-B in the
row, "total, women 20 years and over: Civilian labor force."
A 90-percent confidence interval as shown by these data,
would then be the interval from 53,674,000 to 54,326,000.
Concluding that the true labor force level lies within this in­
terval would be correct for roughly 90 percent of all possible
samples.
Use of tables 7-D and 1-E. From these tables, approximate
standard errors can be calculated for estimates of monthly
levels and month-to-month changes in levels for major labor
force characteristics by race and Hispanic origin. For major
categories not shown, such as male or female, tables 1-F and




1 -G can be used. Standard errors for intermediate values not
shown in the tables may be approximated by linear inter­
polation. For table 1-E, which applies to estimates of con­
secutive month-to-month change, the average of the two
monthly levels (not the change) is used to select the ap­
propriate row in the table.
Illustration, Assume that between 2 consecutive months the
estimated number of employed persons changed from
115,600,000 to 116,700,000, an apparent increase of
1,100,000. The approximate standard error on this monthto-month change estimate is based on the average level of
the estimate for the 2 months, 116,150,000. Using the table
1-E column titled "labor force data other than unemploy­
ment and agricultural employment, total," it is necessary to
find the standard errors corresponding to the two monthly
level entries between which the value 116,150,000 lies. The
standard error corresponding to 100,000,000 is given as
252,000, and the standard error corresponding to
120,000,000 is given as 223,000. Use linear interpolation to
find the approximate standard error on month-to-month
change corresponding to the level 116,150,000; one method
of calculation is given below.

120,000,000-116,150,000
223,000

• (

120,000,000-100,000,000 )

(252,000-223,000) =229,000

Thus, a 90-percent confidence interval for the true monthto-month change would be approximately the interval from
734,000 to 1,466,000.
Use of tables 1-F and 7-G. These tables can be used to find
approximate standard errors for a wide range of estimated
monthly levels, proportions, rates, and estimates of consecu­
tive monthly change. Instead of displaying standard errors,
these tables provide parameters to be used with the formulas
given below that allow the user to calculate standard errors.
Table 1-G, which applies to estimates of consecutive
monthly change, lists parameters for some characteristics
classified by a measure of correlation between monthly esti­
mates. Estimates of the number of persons employed full
time, for example, change relatively little from 1 month to
the next, and the two monthly estimates are said to be highly
correlated. Consecutive monthly estimates of part-time em­
ployment, by contrast, have low correlation, because these
estimates are relatively volatile.
Major characteristics for which consecutive monthly esti­
mates are known to have high or low correlation are indi­
cated in table 1-G. Not all categories in table 1-G, however,
are broken down into low or high correlation characteristics.
When high or low correlation is not specified in table 1-G,
the parameters in this table should be selected from the rows
labeled "most characteristics" or from rows not specifying
correlation.
149

Table 1-D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly levels
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Agricultural
employment

Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment

Unemployment

Estimated
monthly level

Hispanic origin

50
100 ....
500 ....
1,000 ..
2,000 ..
4,000 ..
6,000 ..
8,000 ..
10,000 .
15.000 .
20,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
60,000 .
70,000 .
80,000 .
100,000
120,000
140.000
160,000
180,000

Total or
white

Black

12
17
39
58
90
147
202
256
310

12
17
37
51
71

Total or
white

Black

11
16
36
51
71
100
122
140
155
187
213

12
17
36
51
69
89
98
99
92

Hispanic
origin

Total

12
18
39
55
77
105

11
16
36
51
72
101
123
141
156
188
214
253
281
301
316
324
328
321
294
238

White

Black
imployed

11
16
36
51
72
101
122
140
156
187
212
249
275
293
304
308
307
287
238

13
18
41
57
78
103
116
122
122
89

12
17
37
51
71
96
111
121
127
125
98

Civilian labor
force or not
in labor force
13
18
41
57
78
103
116
12?
122
89

Table 1-E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change In levels
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Agricultural
employment

Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment

Unemployment

Estimated
monthly level

■
|
!

50
100 . . . .
500 . . . .
1,000 ..
2,000 ..
4,000 ..
6,000 . .
8,000 . .
10,000 .
15,000 .
20,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50.000 .
60,000 .
70,000 .
80,000 .
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000

150




To alor

\
white

13
18
40
55
73
88
86
65

i

Black

11
16
35
49
67

Total or '
white

14
19
42
60
84
115
138
155
168
190
200

B|ack

14
19
43
59
78
96
97
81

Hispanic ;
origin

15
21
46
65
89
118

Tota,

9
13
29
42
59
82
100
115
128
154
174
206
228
244
254
260
262
252
223
164

White

9
13
29
42
59
82
100
115
128
154
174
206
228
244
254
260
262
252
223
164

Block

10
14
30
42
58
78
90
96
99
90
43

Hispanic origin
: Civilian labor
Employed '. force or not
in laho:' force
11
16
34
48
65
86
96
100
98
60

9
13
29
40
55
7?
8?
86
86
6?

Standard errors of estimated levels. The approximate
standard error, s x , of an estimated monthly level, x, can be
obtained using the formula below, where a and b are the pa­
rameters from table 1 -F associated with the particular char­
acteristic. The same formula can be used to approximate the
standard error of an estimated month-to-month change in
level; simply average the levels for the 2 consecutive months
and use the parameters from table 1-G.
sx = ^ ax2 + bx

Illustration. Assume that in a given month there are an esti­
mated 6 million unemployed men in the civilian labor force
(x = 6,000,000). Obtain the appropriate a and b parameters
from table 1-F ("unemployment, total or white")- Use the
formula to compute an approximate standard error on the
estimate of 6,000,000.
a = -0.000015942

b = 2576.83

s x = V (-0.000015942) (6,000,000) 2 + (2576.83) (6,000,000) =122,000

Suppose that in the next month the estimated number of
unemployed men increases by 200,000 to 6,200,000. The
average of the monthly levels is x = 6,100,000. Obtain the
appropriate a and b parameters from table 1-G ("unemploy­
ment, total or white, total, men, women"). Use the formula
to compute an approximate standard error on the estimated
change of 200,000.
s x = '/{--0.000083I30) (6,100.000) 2 + (3652.76) (6,100,000) =139,000

An approximate 90-percent confidence interval for the
true month-to-month change would be the interval from
-22,000 to 422,000. Because this interval covers zero, one
cannot assert at this level of confidence that any real change
has occurred in the unemployment level. This result can also
be expressed by saying that the apparent change of 200,000
is not significant at a 90-percent confidence level.
Standard errors of estimated percentages and rates. Gener­
ally, percentages and rates are not published unless the
monthly base (denominator) is greater than 75,000 persons,
the quarterly average base is greater than 60,000 persons, or
the annual average base is greater than 35,000 persons.
The reliability of an estimated percentage or rate depends
upon the magnitude of the percentage or rate and its base.
When the numerator and base are in different categories, use
the parameters from table 1-F or 1-G relevant to the numera­
tor. The approximate standard error, sy>p> of an estimated per­




centage or rate, p, can be obtained using the following for­
mula, where y is the estimated number of persons in the base.
J

*

V

y P(100-P)

Illustration. For a given month, suppose that 5,600,000
women, 20 to 24 years of age, are estimated to be employed.
Of this total, 1,800,000 or 32 percent are classified as parttime workers. To estimate the standard error on this percent­
age, proceed as follows. Obtain the parameter b = 2204.62
from table 1-F ("labor force and not-in-labor-force data oth­
er than agricultural employment and unemployment, total
women"). Apply the formula to obtain:
Syp

= A / J ^ M ^ (32)
v
5,600,000

(100

_ 32)' = 0.9 percent

Suppose that in the next month 5,700,000 women in this
same age group are reported employed and that 1,950,000 or
34 percent are part-time workers. To estimate the standard
error on the observed month-to-month change of 2 percent­
age points, first average the values for p and y over the 2
months to get p = 33 percent and y = 5,650,000. Next, obtain
the parameter b = 2344.57 from table 1-G ("labor force and
not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment
and unemployment, total or white, women, low correlation
characteristics") and apply the formula as follows.
Sy

= / /\ / i M ^ l _ . (33) (100 - 33) '= 1.0 percent
5,650,000

It should be noted that the numerator of the percentage
(part-time employed) determined the choice of correlation.
If the example had illustrated percentages of women
employed full time, the numerator would have been a high
correlation characteristic. Table 1-G, however, does not ex­
plicitly list high correlation parameters for employed
women; thus, the row labeled "women, most characteris­
tics" would have been used.
Had the example dealt with teenage women employed
part time, either of two rows in table 1-G could have been
applied ("women, low correlation" or "both sexes, 16 to 19
years"). In situations like this, where it is not clear which
row applies, a general rule to follow is to choose the row with
the largest b parameter. This gives a more conservative esti­
mate of standard error.
Use of table I-H. Use this table with table 1-B, 1-C, 1-D, or
1-F to calculate approximate standard errors for quarterly or
yearly averages, changes in consecutive quarterly or yearly
averages, and consecutive year-to-year changes in monthly
estimates. Table 1-H gives factors to be applied only to stan­
dard errors for monthly levels. Follow these three basic
steps:
151

Table 1-F. Parameters for computation of standard errors
for estimates of monthly levels
Characteristic
Labor force and not-in-laborforce data other than agri­
cultural employment and
unemployment:

Step 1. The quarterly average is 11,600,000.

Total*
Men i
Women
Both sexes. 16 to 19 years . . . .
White*
Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-0.000015693
-.000029081
-.000026234
-.000155877

2601.35
2408.58
2204.62
2217.37

—

-.000017747
-.000032645
-.000029869
-.000185057

2600.88
2410.86
2201.86
2221.96

—

-.000112595
-.000271289
-.000164088
-.001181647

2735.54
2553.88
2298.23
2570.17

-.000190760

3394.71

.000005264

722.21

Black
Men
Women
Both sexes. 16 to 19 years
Hispanic origin
Not in labor force, total or white,
excluding women and 16- to
19-year-olds
Agricultural employment:
Total or white
Men
Women or both sexes. 16
to 19 years

.000694096
.000761532

2656.52
2461.77

-.000022089

2250.29

Black

-.000121207

2749.05

Hispanic origin:
Total or women
Men or both sexes. 16 to
19 years

.010960039

2522.57

.014443239

1483.55

-.000015942
-.000190601
-.000094114

2576.83
2744.70
3116.52

Unemployment:
Total or white
Black
Hispanic origin
1

Illustration. Suppose that standard errors are desired for a
quarterly average of black employment levels and for the
change in averages from 1 quarter to the next For each
successive month of the first quarter, suppose the levels are
observed to be 11,500,000,11,600,000, and 11,700,000.

Excludes not-in-labor-force data.

Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters from table 1-F ("la­
bor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment, black, total"). Use the for­
mula for s x to compute an approximate standard error for a
monthly estimate of 11,600,000.

a = -0.000112595

b=2735.54

vi

(^.()00112595)(1 l , « X ) , O X ) ) ^

Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .87 from table
1-H (column labeled "quarterly averages" and row labeled
"labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricul­
tural employment and unemployment, black"). This gives
an approximate standard error of 112,000 on the quarterly
average of 11,600,000.
Proceed to obtain the approximate standard error on the
change in consecutive quarterly average estimates of black
employment. Assume that black employment estimates for
the months in the second quarter are observed to be
11,100,000, 11,200,000, and 11,300,000.
Step 1. The average for the second quarter is 11,200,000.
The average of the 2 quarters is 11,400,000.
Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters as above and use the
formula for sx to compute an approximate standard error for
the estimate of 11,400,000, treating it as an estimate for a
single month.

Step 1. Average estimates appropriately. For quarterly
estimates, average the 3 monthly estimates. For yearly esti­
mates, average the 12 monthly estimates. For changes in
consecutive averages, average over the 2 quarters or 2 years.
For consecutive year-to-year changes in monthly estimates,
average the 2 months involved.
Step 2. Obtain a standard error on a monthly estimate us­
ing table 1-B or 1-C, or apply the procedures for table 1-D or
1-F to the average calculated in step 1, as if the average were
an estimate for a single month.

Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .84 from table 1 -H
(column labeled "change in quarterly averages" and row
labeled "labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than
agricultural employment and unemployment, black"). This
gives an approximate standard error of 108,000 on the
estimated change of 400,000 from 1 quarter to the next.

Step 3. Determine the standard error on the average or on
the estimate of change. Multiply the result from step 2 by the
appropriate factor from table 1-H.

The estimated change clearly exceeds 2 standard errors;
therefore, one could conclude from these data that the
change in quarterly averages is significant.

152




sx= ^/(-O.OOOl 12595)(11,400,000)2+(2735.54)(11,400,000) =129,000

Table 1-G. Parameters for computation of standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change In levels
Characteristic
Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total or white:
Most characteristics
High correlation characteristics1
Low correlation characteristics1

-0.000011078
-.000008243
-.000014344

1743.77
1363.60
2222.55

Men:
Most characteristics
High correlation characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000020055
-.000014922
-.000051814

1674.07
1307.96
2325.37

Women:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000018844
-.000053069

1472.65
2344.57

Both sexes. 16 to 19 years

-.000169260

2280.05

Black:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000088926
-.001732525

1871.20
5676.12

Men:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000210520
-.002587620

1986.81
5079.90

Women:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000140581
-.002078112

1621.48
4723.08

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-.001176111

2729.02

-.000145304
-.000095111
-.002425480
-.000227656

2417.72
1682.24
7511.81
2045.54

-.000366130
-.000315338

3150.64
2239.22

Total or white:
Total
Men
Women or both sexes. 16 to 19 years

-.000351254
-.000597224
000115653

3344.45
3450.08
2062.60

Black:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-.000109948
-.017161885

2493.69
5121.00

Hispanic origin:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

.002654758
.002647371

4043.98
3510.08

-.000218152

1822.59

Total or white:
Total, men, women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics

-.000083130
-.000063570

3652.76
4463.07

Black:
Total, men, women, and both sexes, 16 to 19 years
High correlation characteristics

-.000372215
.000043286

3800.30
2691.66

Hispanic origin:
Total, men, women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation charac:eristics

-.000233757
-.000921018

4404.26
6132.68

Hispanic origin:
Total
Civilian labor force and not in labor force
Low correlation characteristics
Men, civilian labor force and not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over; 20 years and over;
and both sexes. 16 to 19 years
Women, 16 years and over and 20 years and over
Agricultural employment:

Self-employed
Unemployment:2

1
High correlation characteristics include employed full-time, manufacturing,
service workers, and not in the labor force. Low correlation characteristics in­
clude all part-time workers; employed, with a job, but not at work; unpaid family
workers; and precision production, craft, and repair occupations.




2
High correlation characteristics include full-time jobseekers; job losers;
manufacturing workers; and operators, fabricators, and laborers. Low correla­
tion characteristics include part-time jobseekers. reentrants, persons unem­
ployed for less than 5 weeks and from 5 to 14 weeks.

153

Table 1-H. Factors to be used with tables 1-B, 1-C, 1-D, and 1-F to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and
change in yearly averages
Factor

Characteristic

Year-to-year
change of
monthly
estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change
in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

1.30
1.30
1.30
1.40

0.92
.82
.78
.80

0.70
.84
.88
.80

0.79
.57
.49
.59

1.40
1.40

.74
.67

.88
.88

.46
.42

1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.40

.87
.87
.87
.79
.82

.85
.84
.80
.88
.90

.65
.65
.65
.54
.51

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women
Both sexes. 16 to 19 years
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time
Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than
agricultural employment and unemployment:
Total or white
Black
Hispanic origin
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part time

154




Establishment Data
("B" tables)
COLLECTION

BLS cooperates with State employment security agencies
in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establish­
ment survey to collect data each month on employment,
hours, and earnings from a sample of nonfarm establish­
ments (including government). In March 1993, this sample
included over 390,000 reporting units. From these data, a
large number of employment, hours, and earnings series in
considerable industry and geographic detail are prepared
and published each month. Historical statistics can be found
in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States, and
Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States and Areas. These
data are also available in machine-readable format.
Each month, the State agencies collect data on employ­
ment, payrolls, and paid hours from a sample of establish­
ments. Data are collected by mail from most respondents;
phone collection is used to obtain higher response rates from
selected respondents through computer-assisted interviews,
touch- tone self-response, and voice recognition technology.
The respondents extract the requested data from their pay­
roll records, which must be maintained for a variety of tax
and accounting purposes. All firms with 250 employees or
more are asked to participate in the survey, as well as a sam­
ple of smaller firms.
A "shuttle" schedule (BLS form 790 series) is used for
mail respondents- It is submitted each month by the respon­
dents, edited by the State agency, and returned to the respon­
dent for use again the following month.
The technical characteristics of the shuttle schedule are
particularly important in maintaining continuity and consis­
tency in reporting from month to month. The shuttle design
automatically exhibits the trends of the reported data cov­
ered by the schedule during the year; therefore, the relation­
ship of the current data to the data for the previous months is
shown. The schedule also has operational advantages. For
example, accuracy and economy are achieved by entering
the identification codes and the address of the reporter only
once a year.
All schedules are edited by the State agencies each month
to make sure that the data are correctly reported and that they
are consistent with the data reported by the establishment in
earlier months and with the data reported by other establish­
ments in the industry. The State agencies forward the data,
either on the schedules themselves or in machine-readable
form, to BLS-Washington. They also use the information
provided on the forms to develop State and area estimates of
employment, hours, and earnings. At BLS, the data are
edited again by computer to detect processing and reporting
errors which may have been missed in the initial State edit­
ing; the edited data are used to prepare national estimates.




It should be noted that for employment, the sum of the
State figures will differ from the official U.S. national totals
because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic
stratification and differences in the timing of benchmark ad­
justments.
CONCEPTS
industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified
into industries on the basis of their principal product or activ­
ity determined from information on annual sales volume.
Since January 1980, this information is collected on a sup­
plement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax re­
ports filed by employers. For an establishment making more
than one product or engaging in more than one activity, the
entire employment of the establishment is included under
the industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Na­
tion (beginning with August 1990 data) and for States and
areas (beginning with January 1990 data) are classified in
accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification
Manual (SIC), Office of Management and Budget.
Industry employment
Employment data, except those for the Federal Govern­
ment, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who re­
ceived pay for any part of the pay period which includes the
12th day of the month. For Federal Government establish­
ments, employment figures represent the number of persons
who occupied positions on the last day of the calendar
month. Intermittent workers are counted if they performed
any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid
volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic
workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included.
Government employment covers only civilian employees;
military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central
Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency are
also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick
leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid
holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the
pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike
during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not
counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on leave
without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who were hired
but have not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of employment change (table B-6).
These indexes measure the dispersion among industries of
the change in employment over the specified time span.
Beginning with August 1990 data, the overall indexes are
155

calculated from 356 seasonally adjusted employment series
(3-digit industries) covering all nonfarm payroll employ­
ment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffusion in­
dexes are based on 139 3-digit industries.
To derive the indexes, each component industry is as­
signed a value of 0,50, or 100 percent, depending on wheth­
er its employment showed a decrease, no change, or an in­
crease, respectively, over the time span. The average value
(mean) is then calculated, and this percent is the diffusion in­
dex number.
The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent,
the value which indicates that the same number of compo­
nent industries had increased as had decreased. Index num­
bers above 50 show that more industries had increasing em­
ployment, and values below 50 indicate that more had de­
creasing employment. The margin between the percent that
increased and the percent that decreased is equal to the dif­
ference between the index and its complement, i.e., 100 mi­
nus the index. For example, an index of 65 percent means
that 30 percent more industries had increasing employment
than had decreasing employment [65-( 100-65) = 30]. How­
ever, for dispersion analysis, the distance of the index num­
ber from the 50-percent reference point is the most signifi­
cant observation.
Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpreted as
showing the percent of components that increased over the
time span, it should be remembered that the index reflects
half of the unchanged components as well. (This is the effect
of assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged compo­
nents when computing the index.)

Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports
of payrolls and hours for production and related workers in
manufacturing and mining, construction workers in
construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private ser­
vice-producing industries.

Nonsupervisory employees. These are employees (not above
the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physi­
cians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research
aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musi­
cians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, line
installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services are
closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll. This refers to the payroll for full- and part-time pro­
duction, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who re­
ceived pay for any part of the pay period which includes the
12th day of the month. The payroll is reported before deduc­
tions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insur­
ance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union
dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation,
and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless
earned and paid regularly each pay period); other pay not
earned in the pay period reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips;
and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in
kind are excluded. Employee benefits (such as health and
other types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc.,
paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours. These are the hours paid for during the pay period
which includes the 12th of the month for production,
construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours
paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is
received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours. These are hours worked by production or
related workers for which overtime premiums were paid be­
cause the hours were in excess of the number of hours of ei­
ther the straight-time workday or the workweek during the
pay period which included the 12th of the month. Weekend
and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums
were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, in­
centive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are ex­
cluded.

Production and related workers. This category includes
working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (in­
cluding group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating,
processing, assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, han­
dling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling,
maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services, product de­
velopment, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g.,
power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely
associated with the above production operations.

Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates to
the average hours for which pay was received and is different
from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as unpaid ab­
senteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages
cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled
hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further
reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.

Construction workers. This group includes the following
employees in the construction division: Working supervi­
sors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, help­
ers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demoli­
tion, repair, maintenance, etc., whether working at the site of
construction or working in shops or yards at jobs (such as
precutting and preassembling) ordinarily performed by
members of the construction trades.

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggre­
gate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current
month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures
for 1982. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the
product of average weekly hours and production worker or
nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of
industry aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum of the
component aggregates.

156




Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that
portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular
hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If an em­
ployee were to work on a paid holiday at regular rates, re­
ceiving as total compensation his or her holiday pay plus
straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime
hours would be reported.
Because overtime hours are premium hours by definition,
weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in
the same direction from month to month. Such factors as
work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not
have the same influence on overtime hours as on average
hours. Diverse trends at the industry group level also may be
caused by a marked change in hours for a component indus­
try where little or no overtime was worked in both the pre­
vious and current months.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on a
"gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly
and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors as
premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changes
in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They also re­
flect shifts in the number of employees between relatively
high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers' earn­
ings in individual establishments. Averages for groups and
divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings
for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earn­
ings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period of
time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of work
or time. The earnings series do not measure the level of total
labor costs on the part of the employer since the following
are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items, payments
of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers,
and earnings for those employees not covered under produc­
tion worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory em­
ployee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage payments. These series are compiled only for aircraft (SIC 3721)
and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufac­
turing. The same concepts and estimation methods apply to
these series as apply to the average hourly earnings series de­
scribed above; the one difference between the series is defi­
nitional. The payroll data used to calculate this series in­
clude lump-sum payments made to production workers in
lieu of general wage rate increases; such payments are ex­
cluded from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate
the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 and SIC 3761
covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data
are adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year and
cover the following 12-month period. In order to spread the
payment across this time period, a prorated portion of the
payment is added to the payroll each month. This prorated




portion is adjusted by an exit rate to reduce the lump-sum
amount to account for persons who received the payment but
left before the payment allocation period expired.
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average
hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay are com­
puted by dividing the total production worker payroll for the
industry group by the sum of total production worker hours
and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are
made for other premium payment provisions, such as holi­
day work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time
and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I rail­
roads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are
based on monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of
the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all em­
ployees except executives, officials, and staff assistants
(ICC group I) who received pay during the month. Average
hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensa­
tion by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are ob­
tained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, re­
duced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as de­
fined above. Average weekly earnings are derived by multi­
plying average weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average
hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are
affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but
also by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly
variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time
workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover dur­
ing the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees
are not paid may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-term trends of average weekly earnings can be af­
fected by structural changes in the makeup of the work force.
For example, persistent long-term increases in the propor­
tion of part-time workers in retail trade and many of the ser­
vices industries have reduced average workweeks in these
industries and have affected the average weekly earnings se­
ries.
Real earnings. These earnings are in constant dollars and
are calculated from the earnings averages for the current
month using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price In­
dex for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W).
The reference year for these series is 1982.
ESTIMATING METHODS
The Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establish­
ment survey estimates of employment are generated through
an annual benchmark and monthly sample link procedure.
Annual universe counts or benchmark levels are generated
primarily from administrative records on employees
covered by unemployment insurance (UI) tax laws. These
157

annual benchmarks, established for March of each year, are
projected forward for each subsequent month based on the
trend of the sample employment, using an estimation proce­
dure called the link relative. Benchmarks and sample link
relatives are computed for each of 1,703 basic estimation
cells defined by industry, size, and geography for the CES
national estimates, and summed to create aggregate level
employment estimates.

Benchmarks
The establishment survey constructs annual benchmarks
in order to realign the sample-based employment totals for
March of each year with the Ul-based population counts for
March. These population counts are much less timely than
sample-based estimates; however, they provide an annual
point-in-time census for employment.
Population counts are derived from the administrative file
of employees covered by UI. All employers covered by UI
laws are required to report employment and wage informa­
tion to the appropriate State employment security agency
four times a year. Approximately 99 percent of in-scope pri­
vate employment is covered by UI. A benchmark for the re­
maining 1 percent is constructed from alternate sources, pri­
marily records from the Interstate Commerce Commission
and the Social Security Administration. The full benchmark
developed for March replaces the March sample-based esti­
mate, for each basic cell. The monthly sample-based esti­
mates for the year preceding and the year following the
benchmark are also then subject to revision.
Monthly estimates for the year preceding the March
benchmark are readjusted using a "wedge back" procedure.
The difference between the final benchmark level and the
previously published March sample estimate is calculated
and spread back across the previous 11 months. The wedge is
linear; eleven-twelfths of the March difference is added to
the February estimates, ten-twelfths to the January esti­
mates, and so on, back to the previous April estimates which
receive one-twelfth of the March difference. This assumes
that the total estimation error since the last benchmark accu­
mulated at a steady rate throughout the current benchmark
year.
Estimates for the 11 months following the March bench­
mark are also recalculated each year. These post-benchmark
estimates reflect the application of sample-based monthly
changes to new benchmark levels for March, and the recomputation of bias adjustment factors for each month. Bias fac­
tors are updated to take into account the most recent experi­
ence of the estimates generated by the monthly sample ver­
sus the full universe counts derived from the UI.
Following the revision of basic employment estimates, all
other derivative series (e.g., production workers, average
hourly earnings) are also recalculated. New seasonal adjust­
ment factors are calculated and all data series for the pre­
vious 5 years are reseasonally adjusted, prior to full publica­
tion of all revised data in June of each year.
158




Monthly estimation
Estimates are derived from a sample of approximately
390,000 business establishments nationwide. A current
month's estimate is derived as the product of the previous
month's estimate and a sample link relative for the current
month. A bias adjustment factor is then applied to this result
primarily to help account for new business births during the
month.
Stratification. The sample is stratified into 1,703 basic es­
timation cells for purposes of computing national employ­
ment, hours, and earnings estimates. Cells are defined pri­
marily by detailed industry, and secondarily by size for a ma­
jority of cells. In a few industries, mostly within the
construction division, geographic stratification is also used.
Industry classification is in accordance with the 1987 Stan­
dard Industrial Classification Manual (SIC); most estima­
tion cells are defined at the 4-digit SIC level.
This detailed stratification pattern allows for the produc­
tion and publication of estimates in considerable industry
detail. Sub-industry stratification by size is important be­
cause major statistics which the survey measures, particular­
ly employment change and average earnings, often vary sig­
nificantly between establishments of different size. Stratifi­
cation reduces the variance of the published industry level
estimates.
Link relative technique. A ratio of the previous to the current
month's employment is computed from a sample of estab­
lishments reporting for both months—this ratio is called a
"link relative." For each basic cell, a link relative is com­
puted and applied to the previous month's employment esti­
mate to derive the current month's estimate. Thus a March
benchmark is moved forward to the next March benchmark
through application of monthly link relatives. Basic cell esti­
mates created through the link relative technique are aggre­
gated to form published industry level estimates, for em­
ployment, as described in table 2-A. Basic estimation and
aggregation methods for the hours and earnings data are also
shown in table 2-A.
Bias adjustment. Bias adjustment factors are computed at
the 3-digit SIC level, and applied each month at the basic cell
level, as part of the standard estimation procedures. The
main purpose of bias adjustment is to reduce a primary
source of nonsampling error in the survey, the inability to
capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new
firm births. There is a several month lag between an estab­
lishment opening for business and its appearing on the UI
universe frame and being available for sampling. Because
new firms generate a portion of employment growth each
month of the year, nonsampling methods must be used to
capture this growth, otherwise substantial under estimation
of total employment levels would occur. Formal bias adjust­
ment procedures have been used by the establishment

Table 2-A. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings

Employment, hours,
and earnings

Basic estimating cell (industry, region,
size or region/size cell)

Aggregate industry level (division
and, where stratified, industry)

Monthly data

All employees

All-employee estimate for previous month multi­
plied by ratio of all employees in current month to
all employees in previous month, for sample es­
tablishments which reported for both months.1

Production or nonsupervisory work­
All-employee estimate for current month multi­
ers, women employees
plied by (1) ratio of production or nonsuper­
visory workers to all employees in sample estab­
lishments for current month, (2) estimated ratio of
women to all employees.2

Sum of all-employee estimates for component
cells.

Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker esti­
mates, or estimates of women employees, for
component cells.

Average weekly hours

Production or nonsupervisory worker hours di­
vided by number of production or nonsuper­
visory workers.2

Average, weighted by production or nonsupervi­
sory worker employment, of the average weekly
hours for component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours . . .

Production worker overtime hours divided by
number of production workers.2

Average, weighted by production worker employ­
ment, of the average weekly overtime hours for
component cells.

Average hourly earnings

Total production or nonsupervisory worker pay­
roll divided by total production or nonsupervisory
worker hours.2

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the av­
erage hourly earnings for component cells.

Average weekly earnings

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Annual average data

All employees, women employees,
and production or nonsupervisory
Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Average weekly hours

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or
nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by
average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of
employment.

Annual total of aggregate hours for production
or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual
sum of employment for these workers.

Average weekly overtime hours . . .

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (produc­
tion worker employment multiplied by average
weekly overtime hours) divided by annual sum of
employment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for pro­
duction workers divided by annual sum of employ­
ment for these workers.

Average hourly earnings

Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of pro­
duction or nonsupervisory worker employment by
weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided by
annual aggregate hours.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by
annual aggregate hours.

Average weekly earnings

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product
by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in the
sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, aver­
age weekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly




earnings are modified by a wedging technique designed to compen­
sate for changes in the sample arising mainly from the voluntary char­
acter of the reporting. The wedging procedure accepts the advantage
of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at the same time,
tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest sample
average.

159

survey since the late 1960's. Prior to the 1983 benchmark,
bias adjustments were derived from a simple mean error
model, which averaged undercount errors for the previous 3
years to arrive at bias projections for the coming year. The
undercount errors were measured as the difference between
sample-based estimate results and benchmark levels.
This procedure eventually proved inadequate during peri­
ods of rapidly changing employment trends, and the bias ad­
justment methodology was revised. Research done in the
early 1980's indicated that bias requirements were strongly
correlated with current employment growth or decline.
Based on this research, a revised method was developed
which incorporated the sample data on employment growth
over the most recent two quarters, and a regression-derived
coefficient for the significance of that change, to adjust the
mean error model results. This change in methodology pro­
vided a more cyclically sensitive bias model. The regres­
sion-adjusted mean error model has been in use since 1983,
for the production of national estimates.
The current model still has limitations in its ability to react
to changing economic conditions or changing error structure
relationships between the sample-based estimates and the
UI universe counts. A principal limitation is the inability to
incorporate UI universe counts as they become available on
an ongoing basis, with a 6- to 9-month lag from the reference
period. Thus, the current quarterly outputs from the model
are subject to intervention analysis, and adjustments can be
made to its results, prior to the establishment of final bias
levels for a quarter. Review is done primarily in terms of
detection of outlier (i.e., abnormally high or low) values, and
by comparison of CES sample and bias trends with the most
recent quarterly observations of UI universe counts. The
BLS currently has under study improved bias models using a
Kalman filter technique, which would allow a more formal,
structured incorporation of each quarter's UI universe
counts in the bias modeling process.
Although the primary function of bias adjustment is to ac­
count for employment resulting from new business forma­
tions, it also adjusts for other elements of nonsampling error
in the survey, because the primary input to the modeling pro­
cedure is total estimation error. Significant among these
nonsampling error sources is a business death bias. When a
sampled firm closes down, most often it simply does not re­
spond to the survey that month, rather than reporting zero
employment. Followup with nonrespondents may reveal an
out-of-business firm, but this information is often received
too late to incorporate into monthly estimates, and thefirmis
simply treated as a nonrespondent for that month.
Because the bias adjustments incorporated into the esti­
mates represent a composite of a birth bias, death bias, and a
number of other differences between the sample-based esti­
mates and the population counts, the monthly bias adjust­
ment levels have no specific economic meaning in and of
themselves.
Table 2-B summarizes bias adjustments for the 1983-93
period. The table displays the average monthly "bias added"
160




and the average monthly "bias required" with the bench­
mark revisions for each year. Bias added shows the average
amount of bias which was added each month over the course
of an interbenchmark period. For example, the bias added
for 1993 is listed as 83,000; this represents the average of
bias adjustments made each month over the period April
1992 through March 1993. Bias required is computed retro­
spectively, after the March benchmark for a given year is
known. Bias required figures are calculated by taking the
difference between a March estimate derived purely from
the sample (i.e., a series calculated without bias adjustment)
and the March benchmark. Dividing this figure by 12 gives
the average monthly bias required figure. The bias required
is thus defined as the amount of bias adjustment which
would have achieved a zero benchmark error. The difference
between the total bias required and the total bias added is
then, by definition, approximately the benchmark revision
amount, for any given year. Also provided in the table for il­
lustration, are the March-to-March changes. As discussed
above, the over-the-year changes indicate correlation with
the bias added and bias required figures.

THE SAMPLE
Design
The emphasis in the establishment survey is on producing
timely data at minimum cost. Therefore, the primary goal of
its design is to sample a sufficiently large segment of the uni­
verse to provide reliable estimates that can be published both
promptly and regularly. The present sample allows BLS to
produce preliminary total nonfarm employment estimates
for each month, including some limited industry detail,
within 3 weeks after the reference period, and data in consid­
erably more detail with an additional one-month lag.
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is a
form of sampling with probability proportionate to size,
known as "sampling proportionate to average size of estab­
lishment." This is an optimum allocation design among stra­
ta because sampling variance is proportional to the average
size of establishments. The universe of establishment em­
ployment is highly skewed, with a large percentage of total
employment concentrated in relatively few establishments.
Because variance on a population total estimate is a function
of percentage universe coverage achieved by the sample, it
is efficient to sample larger establishments at a higher rate
than smaller establishments, assuming the cost per sample
unit is fairly constant across size classes.
Under the establishment survey design, large establish­
ments fall into a certainty strata for sample selection. The
size of the sample for the various industries is determined
empirically on the basis of experience and cost consider­
ations. For example, in a manufacturing industry with a high
proportion of total employment concentrated in a small
number of establishments, a larger percent of total employ­
ment is included in the sample. Consequently, the sample

design for such industries provides for a complete census of
the large establishments, with a relatively few chosen from
among the smaller establishments. For an industry in which
a large proportion of total employment is concentrated in
small establishments, the sample design again calls for in­
clusion of ail large establishments but also for a more sub­
stantial number of smaller ones. Many industries in the trade
and services divisions fall into this category. To keep the
sample to a size which can be handled by available re­
sources, it is necessary to have a sample design for these in­
dustries with a smaller proportion of total universe coverage
than is the case for most manufacturing industries.
Coverage
The establishment survey is the largest monthly sampling
operation in the field of social statistics. Table 2-C shows the
latest benchmark employment levels and the approximate
proportion of total universe employment coverage, at the to­
tal nonfarm and major industry division levels. The cover­
age for individual industries within the divisions may vary
from the proportions shown.
Reliability
The establishment survey, like other sample surveys, is
subject to two types of error, sampling and nonsampling er­
ror. The magnitude of sampling error, or variance, is directly
related to the size of the sample and the percentage of uni­
verse coverage achieved by the sample. The establishment
survey sample covers over one-third of total universe em­
ployment; this yields a very small variance on the total nonfarm estimates. Measurements of error associated with sam­
ple estimates are provided in tables 2-D through 2-G.
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error. The sum
of sampling and nonsampling error can be considered total

survey error. Unlike most sample surveys which publish
sampling error as their only measure of error, the CES
can derive an annual approximation of total error,
on a lagged basis, because of the availability of die
independendy derived universe data. While the benchmark
error is used as a measure of total error for the CES survey
estimate, technically, it actually represents the difference
between two independent estimates derived from separate
survey processes (i.e., the CES sample process and the
UI universe process) and thus reflects the errors present in
each program. Historically, the benchmark revision has been
very small for total nonfarm employment. Over the past de­
cade, percentage benchmark error has averaged 0.2 percent,
with a range from zero to 0.6 percent. Table 2-D shows the
most current benchmark revisions, along with 10-year mean
revisions and mean absolute revisions for major industries.
Mean revisions give an indication of bias in the estimates;
unbiased estimates have a mean revision close to zero, as
over and under estimations cancel out over time. Mean abso­
lute revisions give an overall indicator as to the accuracy of
the estimates; the larger the value, the further the estimate
was from the final benchmark level.
Estimated standard errors for employment, hours, and earnings. The hours and earnings estimates for the basic estimat­
ing cells do not have universe data sources available and
therefore are not subject to benchmark revisions, although
the broader groupings may be affected slightly by changes in
employment weights. Like the employment estimates, the
hours and earnings estimates are also subject to sampling
and nonsampling errors. Estimates of the sampling error for
employment, hour, and earnings were computed using the
method of random groups and are expressed as relative stan-

Table 2-B. March employment benchmarks and bias adjustments for total private industries, March 1983-93
Benchmark

Average monthly bias

Employment1

Revision2

Added 3

Required4

Over-the-year
employment
change5

1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

72,043
76,371
79,446
81,204
83,173
86,180
89,015

-78
341
-131
-400
21
-310
-93

102
140
152
149
98
114
131

96
169
141
116
99
88
123

-1 327
4,328
3,075
1 758
1,969
3 007
2 835

1990
1991
1992
1993

90,546
88,790
88,347
89,790

-261
-583
-130
288

85
61
33
83

63
12
22
107

1,531
-1,756
-443
1,443

Year

1
Universe counts for March of each year used to make annual
benchmark adjustments to the employment estimates. About 99 per­
cent of the benchmark employment is from unemployment insurance
administrative records, and the remaining 1 percent is from alternate
sources. Data represent benchmark levels as originally computed.
2
Difference between the final March sample-based estimate and the
benchmark level for total private employment.
3
The average amount of bias adjustment each month over the




course of an inter-benchmark period, i.e., from April of the prior year
through March of the given year.
4
The difference between the March benchmark and the March esti­
mate derived solely from the sample without bias adjustment, con­
verted to a monthly amount by dividing by 12.
5
March-to-March changes in the benchmark employment level.
NOTE: Data in this table exclude government employment because
there is no bias adjustment for this sector.

161

dard errors (standard error divided by the estimate). Relative
standard errors for individual industries with the specified
number of employees are presented in table 2-E and for ma­
jor industries in table 2-F. Multiplying the relative standard
error by its estimated value gives the estimate of the standard
error. The errors presented here are based on averages ob­
served from sample data over the March 1992 through
March 1993 period.
Standard errors for differences between industries and
times. The standard error of a difference is required to test for
significant differences between estimates from two different
industries. Since the estimates for the two industries are in­
dependent, the standard error of a difference is the square
root of the sum of the estimated variance of each estimate,
Si2 and S 2 2 .
S difference

=

^j$* + S

The CES sample overlaps almost entirely from month to
month, so monthly estimates are not independent. The
covariance between these estimates must be accounted for
when testing the significance of the change in estimates over
time. The standard error of the change can be estimated as
follows.
S change

= tf

si

-

every third year entire division(s) are subject to refiling. The
volume of these adjustments is generally quite large and has
a substantial impact on universe employment counts at the
industry levels, although the total nonfann employment lev­
el remains unaffected. For example, in a year when the ser­
vices division is refiled, a substantial amount of employ­
ment is usually reclassified out of services to other major di­
visions, thus, lowering the benchmark level for services, and
potentially causing a significant downward revision in the
services employment totals previously published.
Revisions between preliminary and final data. First prelimi­
nary estimates of employment, hours, and earnings, based
on less than the total sample, are published immediately fol­
lowing the reference month. Final revised sample-based es­
timates are published 2 months later when nearly all the re­
ports in the sample have been received. Table 2-G presents
the root-mean-square error, the mean percent, and the mean
absolute percent revision that may be expected between the
preliminary and final employment estimates.
Table 2-C. Employment benchmarks and approximate coverage
of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 1993
Sample coverage1
Employees

2P*iS2
Industry

If si = S2, then:
S change

=

Bench­
marks
(thous­
ands)

Number of
establish­
ments

108,935

325,021

43,564

603
4,177
17,974

3,883
26,404
59,002

258
851
9,160

43
20
51

17,567
26,367
65,892

2,528
1,154
4,843

44
20
25

6,633
29,647

24.346
77,599

2,175
7,771

33
26

2,926
4,581 i
11,638

5,977
17,984

(3)

2,926
3,911
7,987

100
85
69

y2s^(l-/?)

Number
(thous­
ands)

Percent
of
bench­
marks

Conservative estimates of pafter one month are 0.8 for em­
ployment, 0.6 for average weekly hours, and 0.8 for average
hourly earnings.
If the bias is small, then the standard error can be used to
construct approximate confidence intervals or range of val­
ues that include the true population value. If the process of
selecting a sample from the population were repeated many
times and an estimate and its standard error calculated for
each sample, then approximately 68 percent of the intervals
from one standard error below the estimate to one standard
error above the estimate would include the true population
value.

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade . . .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate ..
Services
Government:
Federal
State
Local

Noneconomic code changes. A major source of benchmark
revision at the major industry division level and below are
noneconomic code changes, which are introduced into the
universe data in the first quarter of each calendar year.,
Approximately one-third of all establishments in the uni­
verse are included in the universe program's annual Stan­
dard Industrial Classification (SIC) refiling survey. Correc­
tions to individual establishments SIC and ownership codes
are made through this process. The refiling cycle is such that

*1 Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Because not ail es­
tablishments report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings
estimates are based on a smaller sample than employment estimates.
2 The interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete count
of employment for Class I railroads. A smali sample is used to estimate
hours and earnings data.
3 Total Federal employment counts by agency for use in national esti­
mates are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management.
Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State
and area estimates of Federal employment, are based on a sample of
5,342 reports covering about 60 percent of employment in Federal es­
tablishments.

162




Total

5,720
5,903
19,133

2

•

40

Table 2-D. Current (March 1993) and historical benchmark revisions
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1993
benchmark revision

10-year average
mean percent revision1

Industry

Total
Total private

Level

Percent

Actual

263

0.2

-0.1

288

-.1

287

1.3

-.4

Mining
Metal mining
Coal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetaillic minerals, except fuels

13
0
4
8
1

2.2
0
3.4
2.4
1.0

-1.8
-2.7
-1.2
-2.1
-1.1

Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors

68
42
1
26

1.6
4.1
.2
1.0

-.4
-.1
-.5
-.5

206

1.1

-.4

128

1.3

-.4

18
6
4
3
0
22
20
7
24
13
2
12
13

2.6
1.2
.8
.4
0
1.7
1.0
.5
1.4
1.6
.4
1.3
3.5

-.6
-.1
-.3
-.7
-.3
-.3
-.7
-.9
.5
1.0
.5
-.3
-.5

78

1.0

-.4

Goods-producing

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products . . .
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger transit
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services

24
-4
9
7
9
9
5
-4
19
2
-24
58
56
0
7
37
0
3
1
9
2
4
-2

1.5

-.6

-9.5

-1.7

1.3
.7
1.3
.6
.5

-.3
-.9
-.1
-.3
-.2
-.3
-.3

-2.7

2.1
1.7

-1.7

2

(2)
-.4
-.6
-.1
1.0
-.4

()
1.0
1.6
0
1.8
2.3
0
.4
5.3
2.5
.1
.3
-.2

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

152
-75
-11

-2.6
-2.2
-3.1

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores

-40
-13
92

-1.8
3.8

-2.8
-1.3

-.1
-1.6

-.1
-.2
-.1
-.7
-.9
-.3

-.2
I
\

.2
.6
1.3

See footnotes at end of table.




163

Table 2-D. Current (March 1993) and historical benchmark revisions—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1993
benchmark revision

10-year average
mean percent revision1

Industry
Level

Percent

Actual

Retail trade—Continued
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments

1
-24
-1
-20
-48
-28

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions
Nondepository institutions
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and service
Real estate

100
10
-24
34
4
-4
64
50
14
26

Services
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Personnel supple services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Hospitals
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services3
Services, nee

35
4
14
56
8
-61
11
7
-11
60
107
-32
-5
-71
2
0
73
5
-1

Government
Federal
State
Education
Other State government
Local
Education
Other local government

-25
0
18
5
13
-43
-7
-36

1
Data relate to the 1984-93 benchmarks, as originally published,
unless otherwise noted.

164




-1.2

-.9
-.8
1.2
-.4
.6
-.2

1.5
.3

-.3
-.7

-1.2

-1.3

7.8
.9

.7
-.1
-.5
.2
.5
-.3
-.2

(*)
-1.2

-.1
-2.5

-.7

-1.8

2.9
3.3
2.1
2.0
.1
.9
.9
4.7
.1
-3.5

1.2
2.0
-2.7

5.3
-1.2

-.8
-.5

(2)

-4.0

1.0

.1
0
3.6
.2

-1.1

-2.4

-.1
0
.4
.3
.5
-.4
-.1
-.7
2

.1
2.6
.2
.1
.4
1.5
-.2
-.5
.9
.1
-.7
-.4

Less than 0.05 percent.
3 Data relate to 1989-93.

1.4
2.3
.8
-.5

(2)
0
.4
.7
.2
-.1
-.1
-.2

Table 2-E. Relative standard errors1 for estimates of employment,
hours, and earnings
(In percent)
Size of employment
estimate

Employment

Average
hourly
earnings

2.0
1.5
1.1
.8
.6
.5

1.3
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.3

50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000.000

Average
weekly
hours

2.9
2.4
1.9
1.4
1.1
.9

Relative errors were estimated with sample data from March
1992-March 1993.
Table 2-F. Relative standard errors1 for estimates of
employment, hours, and earnings by industry division
(In percent)

Industry

Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services

Employ­
ment

Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

0.1
.4
.4
.1
.2
.1

0.4
.7
.2
.2
.2
.3

03
1.0
.3
.4
5
.4

.2
.2
.1

1.5
.4
.3

1.7
3
3

.3
.2

.5
.7

4
.4

1
Relative errors were estimated with sample data from March
1992-March 1993.

Revisions of preliminary hours and earnings estimates are
normally not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and




1 cent for hourly earnings, at the total private nonfarm level,
and may be slightly larger for the more detailed industry
groupings.
STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
(Tables B-7, B-14, and B-18)
As explained earlier, State agencies in cooperation with
BLS collect and prepare State and area employment, hours,
and earnings data. These statistics are based on the same es­
tablishment reports used by BLS, however, BLS uses the full
CES sample to produce monthly national employment esti­
mates, while each State agency uses its portion of the sample
to independently develop a State employment estimate.
The CES area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Defi­
nitions for all areas are published each year in the issue of
Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annu­
al averages (usually the May issue). Changes in definitions
are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be
obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back
cover of each issue.
Caution in aggregating State data. The national estimation
procedures used by BLS are designed to produce accurate
national data by detailed industry; correspondingly the State
estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate data
for each individual State. State estimates are not forced to
sum to national totals nor vice versa. Because each State se­
ries is subject to larger sampling and nonsampling errors
than the national series, summing them cumulates individu­
al State level errors and can cause distortions at an aggregate
level. This has been a particular problem at turning points in
the U.S. economy, when the majority of the individual State
errors tend to be in the same direction. Due to these statisti­
cal limitations, the Bureau does not compile or publish a
"sum-of-States" employment series. Additionally, BLS cau­
tions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large
and volatile error structure, particularly at turning points.

165

Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary empioyment estimates
Mean percent revision
Industry

Root-mean-squareerror
of monthly level1
Actual

Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries

Absolute

71,500

0.1

54,300

0

17,200

.1

Mining
Metal mining2
Coal mining2
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels2

2,400
600
1,000
2,300
400

0
0
-0.2
.1
0

.3
.7
.6
.4
.3

Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building 2
Special trade contractors*

9,900
4,400
4,000
6,400

.1
0
.1
.1

.2
.3
.4
.2

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment .
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts2
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation2
Local and interurban passenger transit2 ..
Trucking and warehousing2
Water transportation2
Transportation by air2
Pipelines, except natural gas 2
Transportation services2
Communications and public utilities
Communications2
Electric, gas, and sanitary services2
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
See footnotes at end of table.

166




11,600
8,500
1,400
1,300
1,300
1,800
1.400
2,200
2,600
3,100
4,400
3,600
2,300
1,700
1,600
6,600
3,900
500
1,800
2,800
1.500
1,900
1,700
700
1,700
800

.2
.8
.2
.2
.2
.1
.1
.3
.2
.5

64,700

1

9,300
7,100
2,100
3,200
15,300
2,200
13,300
200
1,200
4,500
4,200
1,900

.1
.2"
.6
.7
.3
1.0
.5
.7
.3
.2
.2
.2

6,500
3,800
4,300

.1
.1
.1

Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates—Continued
Mean percent revision
Industry

Root-mean-square error
of monthly level1

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies2
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Apparel and accessory stores2
Furniture and home furnishings stores2
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments2
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions2
Nondepository institutions2
Security and commodity brokers2
Holding and other investment offices2
Insurance
Insurance carriers2
Insurance agents, brokers, and service2
Real estate

Services

Agricultural services2
Hotels and other lodging places 2
Personal services2
Business services
Personnel supply services2
Auto repair, services, and parking2
Miscellaneous repair services2
Motion pictures2
A
Amusement and recreation services2
Health services
Hospitals2
Legal services2
Educational services2
Social services1
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens2
Membership organizations2
Engineering and management services3
Services, nee2

Government
Federal

State

Education2
Other State government2

Locai

Education2
Other local government2

1
The root-mean-square error is the square root of the mean squared
error The mean squared error is the square of the difference between
the final and preliminary estimates averaged across a series of
monthly observations.
2
Data based on differences from January 1990 through December




Actual

Absolute

13,300
6.200
3,100
12,200
3.900
11,300
7,600

.1
.1
0
0
0
-.1
.1
0
.2

.1
.2
.4
.2
.1
.5
.3
.1
.2

6,400
4,500
9,200
1,500
1.000
1.700
3.000
2.800
1.000
3,100

0
0
-.1
.1
.1
0
0
0
0
.1

.1
.1
.2
.3
.2
.6
.1
.1
.1
2

30.800
6.100
7.200
11,000
14,300
12.400
12.700
2.800
6,200

0
-.1
.1
-.1
.2
-.2
-.2
-.1

A
.6
.3
.6
.2
.5
A
A

13,900

A

7,100
26.400
12.400
24,500
28.100
900
25.400

0
-.1
-.2
-.1
-.1
-.2
-.2
0
.1

29.000
2,600

4,100
1.400
44.200
15,800
17,500
11,700
8.200
26.600
19,800
20,400

0
.1
0
.1
.1

0
.1
0

1.0
.9
.1
.2
.3
.7
.5
1.0
.4
.1
.3
.2
.4
.3
.5
.2
.2
.3
.2

1993.

3
Data based on differences from August 1990 through December
1993.
NOTE: Errors are based on differences from January 1989 through
December 1993, unless otherwise noted.

167

Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data
("C" tables)

FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor
market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under
Federal assistance programs are developed by State employ­
ment security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative
program. The local unemployment estimates which derive
from standardized procedures developed by BLS are the
basis for determining eligibility of an area for benefits under
Federal programs such as the Job Training and Partnership
Act
Annual average data for the States and over 260 areas
shown in table C-3 are published in Employment and
Earnings (usually the May issue). For regions, States,
selected metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual
average data classified by selected demographic, social, and
economic characteristics are published in the BLS bulletin,
Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other small
areas have been prepared for administration of various
Federal economic assistance programs and may be ordered
from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The report "Unem­
ployment in States and Local Areas" is published monthly
through GPO and is available in microfiche form only, on a
subscription basis.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment
estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, and over 6,500 areas, including nearly 2,400
LMAs, counties, and cities with a population of 25,000 or
more. The estimation methods are described below for
States (and the District of Columbia) and for sub-State areas.
At the sub-LMA level, (county and city), estimates are
prepared using disaggregation techniques based on decen­
nial and annual population estimates and current unemploy­
ment insurance data. A more detailed description of the
estimation procedure is contained in the BLS document,
Manual for Developing Local Area Unemployment Statis­
tics.
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force and
unemployment estimates for 11 large States—California,
Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey,
New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Tex­
as—are sufficiently reliable to be taken directly from the
168




Current Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly basis. These
are termed "direct-use States." For a description of the CPS
concepts, see "Household Data," above.
For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia,
which do not use the CPS directly each month, models based
on a "signal-plus-noise" approach are used to develop
employment and unemployment estimates. These are the
"non-direct-use" States. The model of the signal is a time
series model of the true labor force which consists of three
components: A variable coefficient regression, a flexible
trend, and a flexible seasonal component. The regression
techniques are based on historical and current relationships
found within each State's economy as reflected in the
different sources of data that are available for each
State—the CPS, the Current Employment Statistics (CES)
survey, and the unemployment insurance (UI) system. The
noise component of the models explicitly accounts for
autocorrelation in the CPS sampling error and changes in the
average magnitude of the error. In addition, the models can
identify and remove the effects of outliers in the historical
CPS series. While all the State models have important
components in common, they differ somewhat from one
another to better reflect individual State characteristics.
Two models—one for the employment-to-population
ratio and one for the unemployment rate—are used for each
State. The employment-to-population ratio, rather than the
employment level, and the unemployment rate, rather than
the unemployment level, are estimated primarily because
these ratios are usually more meaningful for economic
analysis.
The employment-to-population ratio models use the rela­
tionship between the State's monthly employment from the
CES and the CPS. The models also include trend and season­
al components to account for movements in the CPS not cap­
tured by the CES series. The seasonal component accounts
for the seasonality in the CPS not explained by the CES
while the trend component adjusts for long-run systematic
differences between the two series.
The unemployment rate models use the relationship
between the State's monthly unemployment insurance
claims data and the CPS unemployment rate, along with
trend and seasonal components.
In both the employment-to-population ratio and unem­
ployment rate models, an important feature is the use of a
technique that allows the equations to adjust
automatically to structural changes that occur. The regres­
sion portion of the model includes a built-in tuning
mechanism, known as the Kalman Filter, which revises a
model's coefficients when the new data that become
available each month indicate that changes in the data

relationships have taken place. Once the estimates are
developed from the models, levels are calculated for the
employment, unemployment, and labor force levels.
Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, monthly
estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and the District of
Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the
annual average CPS estimates. The benchmarking tech­
nique employs a procedure (called the Denton method)
which adjusts the annual average of the models to equal the
CPS annual average, while preserving, as much as possible,
the original monthly seasonal pattern of the model esti­
mates.
In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction is re­
quired; the average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates
will equal the CPS annual averages.

These factors are applied to the CES estimates for the current
period to obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which
are added estimates for employment not represented in the
CES—agricultural employees, nonagricultural self-em­
ployed and unpaid family workers, and private household
workers.
Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the current month,
the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the esti­
mates for each of three categories: (1) Persons who were pre­
viously employed in industries covered by State UI laws; (2)
those previously employed in industries not covered by
these laws; and (3) those who were entering the civilian la­
bor force for the first time or reentering after a period of sep­
aration.

Monthly labor force and employment estimates for two
large sub-State areas—New York City and the Los AngelesLong Beach metropolitan area—are obtained directly from
the CPS. Estimates for the nearly 2,400 LMA's, are prepared
through indirect estimation techniques, described below.

Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employ­
ment and unemployment are prepared for the State and
LMA's within the State. The LMA estimates geographically
exhaust the entire State. Thus, a proportional adjustment
must be applied to all sub-State LMA estimates to ensure
that they add to the independently estimated State totals for
employment and unemployment.

Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilian em­
ployment estimates are based on CES data. These "place-ofwork" estimates must be adjusted to refer to place of
residence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from
place of work to place of residence have been developed for
several categories of employment on the basis of employ­
ment relationships at the time of the 1990 decennial census.

Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State es­
timates are revised. The revisions incorporate any changes
in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based employ­
ment figures, corrections in claims counts, and updated his­
torical relationships. The corrected estimates are then read­
justed to add to the revised (benchmarked) State estimates of
employment and unemployment.

Estimates for sub-State areas




169

Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp fluc­
tuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather,
reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays,
and the opening and closing of schools. Because these sea­
sonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by
adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjust­
ments make it easier to observe the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating changes in
a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note that sea­
sonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past
experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a broader
margin of possible error than the original data on which
they are based, because they are subject not only to sam­
pling and other errors but are also affected by the uncer­
tainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself. Season­
ally adjusted series for selected labor force and establish­
ment-based data are published monthly in Employment and
Earnings.
Since January 1980, national labor force data have been
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll AR1MA
(Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was
developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the stan­
dard X-l 1 method. A detailed description of the procedure
appears in The X-ll AR1MA Seasonal Adjustment Method
by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12564E, January 1983.
At the beginning of each calendar year, projected sea­
sonal adjustment factors are calculated for use during the
January-June period. In July of each year, BLS calculates
and publishes in Employment and Earnings projected sea­
sonal adjustment factors for use in the second half, based
on the experience through June. Revisions of historical data,
usually for the most recent 5 years, are made only at the
beginning of each calendar year. However, as a result of
the revisions to the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980
census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted
series in early 1982 were carried back to 1970. In 1994,
data were revised only for that year because of the major
revisions implemented in the Current Population Survey.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For
example, for each of the three major labor force compo­
nents—agricultural employment, nonagricultural employ­
ment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age groups
(men and women under and over 20 years of age) are sepa­
rately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then added to
derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally
adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum of eight season­
170




ally adjusted civilian employment components and four
seasonally adjusted unemployment components. The total
for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment
components, and the unemployment rate is derived by di­
viding the resulting estimate of total unemployment by the
estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of various series, components will not
necessarily add to totals.
In each January issue, Employment and Earnings pub­
lishes revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor
force series based on the experience through December,
new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate the
civilian unemployment estimate for the first 6 months of
the following year, and a description of the current sea­
sonal adjustment procedure.
Since the early 1980's, BLS has also used the X-ll
AR1MA procedure to seasonally adjust national establish­
ment-based employment, hours, and earnings data. The X11 ARIMA program had been run once each year after
benchmarking and seasonal adjustment factors had been
projected and published for 12 months ahead (April-March).
Beginning in June 1989, with the introduction of the March
1988 benchmarks, the Bureau modified this procedure to
parallel that used in seasonally adjusting household survey
data. Projected seasonal adjustment factors are calculated
and published twice a year. Revisions of historical data are
made once a year, coincident with benchmark revisions.
All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplica­
tive models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment fac­
tors are computed and applied at component levels. For
employment series, these are generally the 2-digit SIC lev­
els. Seasonally adjusted totals are arithmetic aggregations
for employment series and weighted averages of the sea­
sonally adjusted data for hours and earnings series.
Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the
product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and
seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average weekly
earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are ob­
tained by dividing average weekly earnings, seasonally ad­
justed, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index
for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W),
and multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average
weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or
nonsupervisory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing
by the 1982 annual average base. For total private, total
goods-producing, total private service-producing, and ma­
jor industry divisions, the indexes of aggregate weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by summing the
aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the ap­
propriate component industries and dividing by the 1982
annual average base.

Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number
of series characterized by small seasonal components rela­
tive to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These
failed or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series, however,
are used in the aggregation to broader level seasonally ad­
justed series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government em­
ployment are derived from unadjusted data which include
Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal Ser­
vice. The number of temporary census workers for the de­
cennial census, however, are removed prior to the calcula­
tion of seasonal adjustment factors.
BLS has developed an extension of X-ll ARIMAto al­
low it to adjust more adequately for the effects of the pres­
ence or absence of religious holidays in the April survey
reference period and of Labor Day in the September refer­
ence period. This extension was applied for the first time
at the end of 1989 to three persons-at-work labor force se­
ries which tested as having significant and well-defined
effects in their April data associated with the timing of
Easter. This extension was also used for the seasonal ad­
justment of many of the establishment-based series on av­
erage weekly hours and manufacturing overtime hours,
starting with the computation of the projected factors for
the period beginning in April 1990. Effective with the com­
putation of factors for the November 1993-April 1994 pe­
riod, an extension of the moving-holiday adjustment was
introduced to adjust for the effects of elections on local
government employment.
Revised seasonally adjusted national establishment-based
series based on the experience through March 1994, new
seasonal adjustment factors for May-October 1994, and a
description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure
appear in the June 1994 issue of Employment and Earn­
ings. Factors for the November 1994-April 1995 period ap­




pear in the December issue.
Beginning in 1992, BLS introduced publication of sea­
sonally adjusted labor force data for the census regions and
divisions, the 50 States, and the District of Columbia (tables
C-l and C-2). Using the X-ll ARIMAprocedure, seasonal
adjustment factors are computed and applied independently
to the component employment and unemployment levels
and then aggregated to regional or State totals. Current sea­
sonal adjustment factors are produced for 6-month periods
twice a year. Historical revisions are made at the begin­
ning of each calendar year. Because of the separate pro­
cessing procedures, totals for the Nation as a whole differ
from the results obtained by aggregating regional or State
data.
Beginning in 1993, BLS introduced publication of sea­
sonally adjusted nonfarm payroll employment data by ma­
jor industry for all States and the District of Columbia (table
B-7). Seasonal adjustment factors are applied directly to
the employment estimates at the division level (compo­
nent series for manufacturing and trade) and then aggre­
gated to the State totals. The recomputation of seasonal
factors and historical revisions are made coincident with
the annual benchmark adjustments. State estimation pro­
cedures are designed to produce accurate (unadjusted and
seasonally adjusted) data for each individual State. BLS
independently develops a national employment series; State
estimates are not forced to sum to national totals. Because
each State series is subject to larger sampling and
nonsampling errors than the national series, summing them
cumulates individual State level errors and can cause sig­
nificant distortions at an aggregate level. Due to these sta­
tistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-of-States"
employment series, and cautions users that such a series is
subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure.

171

INDEX TO STATISTICAL TABLES
TABLE KEY: A: Monthly household data; B: Monthly national and State and area establishment data; C: Monthly regional, State,
and area labor force data; D: Quarterly, household data only, in the January, April, July, and October issues. Annual averages:
Household data in the January issue; national establishment data in the January, March, and June issues; State and area establish­
ment and labor force data in the May issue. For additional information see the listing on the inside front cover of this
publication.
Quarterly averages

Monthly

Topic

Absences from work
Aggregate weekly hours (Index)
Agricultural industries

Seasonally
adjusted

Seasonally

A-6
A-6
B-6

Earnings, weekly

B-11

B-11

A-14,19-20,
28,33

D-1,4,8

D-11-14

A-21-25
A-20

D-4
D-4

D-13-14

A-34
B-2,15-18
D-19-21

B-2,15,15a,
17-18

7

A-13-17,20
A-15
A-19; B-1214
A-17-19
A-13-16,18

D-1-3,5
D-2

D-11-12,15
D-11-15

D-4
D-2

D-13-14
D-11,13,15

A-6
A-4

Sex

A-2-7; B-4

A-13-18,20;
B-13

D-1-5

D-11-15

A-5

A-16, 31

D-3

D-13-14

B-8-10

A-21-25; B-2,
15,18

A-6,10
A-1-3,6

A-26, 32
A-35
A-14, 20

A-5
B-5,8-9,11

A-34
A-16
B-12,15-18

Historical data
Hours of work
Jobsearch methods
Marital status
Multiple jobholders
Nonagricultural industries
Not in the labor force
Part-time workers
Production or nonsupervisory workers

50; 2
B-2,15,15a,
17; 37-39,
50; 2

A-15
A-3-5, 7
A-4
B-3-5, 7

A-1-2;1-2,56,12-13,15,
17-18,26, 32
19-23
12-13,15-16
35
B-2,15-17;

Occupation
Race

Full-time workers

Annual
averages

Not
seasonally
adjusted

44-45
B-9
A-1-3,6,10

At work
Class of worker
Diffusion index
Discouraged workers
Earnings, hourly

Educational attainment and school enrollment
Employment by:
Age
Hispanic origin
Industry

Not
seasonally
adjusted

D-4, 8
D-1, 4
D-3

D-13-14

3-9,14-15
4-7,11-13,18
B-1,12-13;
16-18; 1
9-13,17
3, 5, 7-8,1012,14,17-18
B-13; 2-18
8,12-13,30
A-1-2;B-1-2;
1-2
B-15; 19-23,
50; 2
33-34
24,31
36
A-1-2;1-2,56,12-13,15
35
8,12-13
B-12,15-17;

49-50
State, region, and area data
Unemployment by:
Age

B-14,18;C-3

A-3-5, 8-9

A-13-16, 26,
29-30,32
A-30-33
A-15

D-1-2, 6-7

D-11-12,16

D-10
D-2

D-18
D-11-12,
16-18

A-28, 33
A-27, 33
A-13-16,26,
29,32
A-29-30
A-13-16,2630,32

D-8
D-8
D-2

D-11,16-20

D-9
D-1-2, 6-7

D-17
D-11-12,16

26,32
25,32
3,5,7-8,24,
28,31,33
27-29
2-8,24, 25-27,

D-22-23

29,31,33-35
40-43
46-47

Duration
Hispanic origin

A-12
A-4

Industry of last job
Occupation of last job
Race

A-10
A-10
A-4

Reason
Sex

A-11
A-2-5, 8-9

Union affiliation
Veterans, Vietnam-era

172




1-3

B-7;C-1-2

A-36

3-8, 24, 27, 29,
33
29-32
4-7, 28

tf U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1995- 3 8 7 - 1 7 6

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