Full text of Employment and Earnings : February 1987

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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
In this issue:
Revised seasonally adjusted labor force series




February 1987

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
William E. Brock, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of
Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of
Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in
cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief
description of the cooperative statistical programs of the
BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory
Notes. The State agencies are listed on the inside back
cover.
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Calendar of Features
In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.

Household data
Annual averages
Union affiliation
Revised seasonally adjusted series

Jan.
Jan.
Jan., Feb.

Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons
not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin,
Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans, family
relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty
area data
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.
Establishment data
National annual averages:

Communications on material in this publication should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and Earnings,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C. 20212, or
phone: Gloria P. Green (202) 523-1959. Send correspondence on circulation and subscription matters (including address changes) to the Superintendent of
Documents.
Second-class postage paid at Washington, D . C , and at
additional mailing addresses.
Material in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without
permission.

Industry divisions (preliminary)

Jan.

Industry detail (final)

Mar.

Women employees (final)

Mar.

National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and new
seasonal adjustment factors

June

Revised historical national data

Supplement1

State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

May

ISSN 0013-6840




State and area labor force data
Annual averages

The latest supplement was published in June 1986.

May

Employment and Earnings
Vol. 34

No. 2 February 1987

Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Rosalie K. Epstein

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables..

..

Employment and unemployment developments, January 1987 .

2
5

Statistical tables:
Not seasonally adjusted—
Household data.
Establishment data:
Employment . .
Hours and earnings
...
State and area labor force data.
Seasonally adjusted—
Household data.
Establishment data:
Employment ..
Hours and earnings
Productivity data
Revised seasonally adjusted labor force series, 1982-86.
Explanatory notes .




10
46
81
114
37
58
103
111
120
172

MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page

Employment Status
AAAAAAA-

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

A- 8.
A- 9.
A-10.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1976 to date .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and r a c e . . .
..
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by
school enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin.
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age .
Employed and unemployed full-and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
Employment status of persons in families by family relationship .

7
8
9
10
13
14
15
17
18
19

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-l 1.
A-12.
A-13.
A-14.
A-l5.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.

Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex.
Unemployed persons by occupation and sex .
Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race .
........
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment.
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by sex, age, marital status, and duration of unemployment .
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment.
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used .

20
21
22
23
24
24
25
26
27
27

Characteristics of the Employed
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.

Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex.,
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age .
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex..
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker .
Employed civilians by industry and occupation. ..
...
.
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status .
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class pf worker and full- or part-time
status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status .

28
29
30
31
32
32
33
33
34
35
36

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.




Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed
in the United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age,
seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age,
and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted .
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted...
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted.
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted.

37
38
39
40
41
41
42
42
43
43

MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Page

Employment—National
BBBB-

1.
2.
3.
4.

B- 5.
B- 6.
B- 7.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1935 to date .
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry . .
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted .
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted .
. .
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted. _'
...
....
Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased, seasonally adjusted.

45
46
57
58
59
60
61

Employment—States and Areas
B- 8.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

62

Hours and Earnings—National
C- 1.
C- 2.

C- 2a.
C- 3.
C- 4.
C- 5.
C- 6.
C- 7.

Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by detailed industry
Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted .
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted .
The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or
nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted .

81
84
100
101
102
103
104
105

Hours and Earnings—States and Areas
C- 8.

Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and
selected areas .

106

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
C- 9.
C-10.
C-ll.

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry,
seasonally adjusted
...
,
Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted . . .
Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates .

Ill
112
113

MONTHLY STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
D- 1.




Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas .

114

REVISED MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA




Page
Revised Seasonally Adjusted Labor Force Series

1. Labor force by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status.

120

2. Labor force participation rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .

127

3. Employed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status .

134

4. Employed civilians in agricultural and nonagricultural industries by selected characteristics.,

141

5. Persons at work on part-time schedules by reason .

144

6. Employment-population ratios by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .

145

7. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status .

152

8. Unemployed persons by reason for and duration of unemployment.

160

9. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status.

162

10. Unemployment rates for wage and salary workers by industry

170

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, January 1987

Employment continued to rise in January and unemployment was unchanged. The overall unemployment rate of
6.6 percent and the civilian worker rate of 6.7 percent remained at the levels to which they had declined in December.
Nonagricultural payroll employment—as measured by the
monthly survey of business establishments—rose by 450,000,
and civilian employment—as measured by the monthly
survey of households—advanced by 375,000. Both surveys
continued to show over-the-year employment gains in excess of 2 million.
Unemployment
The number of unemployed persons (seasonally adjusted)
was about unchanged in January at 8.0 million, as were the
jobless rates for nearly all major labor force groups. The
rates for adult men (6.0 percent), adult women (5.9 percent),
teenagers (17.7 percent), whites (5.9 percent), blacks (14.3
percent), and Hispanics (10.6 percent) showed little or no
change from December. (See tables A-33 and A-34.)
There were also few changes in the distribution of
unemployment by duration in January, and the mean and
median duration figures remained at 15.0 and 7.0 weeks,
respectively. The numbers of unemployed job losers and
labor force entrants also were little different from December
levels. (See tables A-40 and A-41.)
Civilian employment and the labor force
Civilian employment, which usually declines substantially from December to January, fell less than seasonally
expected this January. As a result, employment showed a
seasonally adjusted increase of 375,000, and the proportion
of the civilian population that is employed rose to a very high
61.1 percent. (See tables A-33 and A-35.)
The civilian labor force expanded by 450,000 to 119.0
million in January, after seasonal adjustment. Over the year,
the labor force was up by 2.3 million, with adult women
accounting for 55 percent of the gain. The civilian labor force
participation rate increased to 65.5 percent.
Industry payroll employment
Total nonagricultural payroll employment rose by 450,000 in
January, after adjustment for seasonaliry, to 101.7 million. Overthe-month increases occurred in 56 percent of the 185 industries




in the BLS index of diffusion. (See tables B-4 and B-7.)
In the service-producing sector, after seasonal adjustment,
large job gains were registered in retail trade—165,000—and
the services industry—115,000. Retail employment typically declines in January following the end of the holiday
shopping season. However, because pre-Christmas hiring this
season was less than in the past, post-holiday job cutbacks
were smaller than usual, resulting in a sharp increase in retail
trade employment after seasonal adjustment. Employment
also increased in the wholesale trade and finance, insurance,
and real estate industry, while it was little changed in
transportation and public utilities and government.
Within the goods sector, employment in construction also
declined less than usually expected in January and, after
seasonal adjustment, rose by 140,000. Manufacturing
employment was unchanged in January, after edging up in
each of the previous 3 months. Changes were small and
offsetting among the 20 industries within manufacturing.
Employment in mining, which has been particularly weak
since the beginning of 1986, declined further over the month.
Weekly hours
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls edged up 0.1
hour to 34.7, after seasonal adjustment. In manufacturing,
both the workweek and overtime hours rose a tenth of an
hour, reaching the relatively high levels of 40.9 and 3.6
hours, respectively. (See table C-5.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls rose
by 0.7 percent to 119.8 (1977 = 100), after seasonal adjustment. The factory index rose by 0.5 percent to 93.8. (See
table C-6.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings were about unchanged in January,
while average weekly earnings rose 0.4 percent, seasonally
adjusted. Prior to seasonal adjustment, average hourly earnings increased 5 cents to $8.88, but, owing to a seasonal
decline in the workweek, average weekly earnings were
down $2.70 to $305.47. Over the past year, average hourly
earnings have risen by 16 cents, and average weekly earnings were up $2.89. (See tables C-l and C-7.)

The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 170.8 (1977 = 100)
in January, seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.1 percent
from December. For the 12 months ended in January, the
increase was 2.0 percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two




types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate
movements—fluctuations in manufacturing overtime and
interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI increased 1.0 percent during the
12-month period ended in December. (See table C-7.)

Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month

Release date

Reference month

Release date

February

March 6

May

June 5

March

April 3

June

July 2

April

May 8

July

August 7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Year
and
month

Noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Civilian
Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages

19531.
1954 ..
1955 ..
1956 ..
1957 ..
1958 ..
1959 ..

109,287
110,463
111,747
112,919
114,213
115,574
117,117

65,246
65,785
67,087
68,517
68,877
69,486
70,157

59.7
59.6
60.0
60.7
60.3
60.1
59.9

63,410
62,251
64,234
65,764
66,019
64,883
66,418

2,231
2,142
2,064
1,965
1,948
1,847
1,788

61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

6,260
6,205
6,450
6,283
5,947
5,586
5,565

54,919
53,904
55,722
57,514
58,123
57,450
59,065

1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

2.8
5.4
4.3
4.0
4.2
6.6
5.3

44,041
44,678
44,660
44,402
45,336
46,088
46,960

I9601 .
1961 ..
19621 .
1963 ..
1964 ..
1965 ..
1966 ..
1967 ..
1968 ..
1969 ..

119,106
120,671
122,214
124,422
126,503
128,459
130,180
132,092
134,281
136,573

71,489
72,359
72,675
73,839
75,109
76,401
77,892
79,565
80,990
82,972

60.0
60.0
59.5
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.8
60.2
60.3
60.8

67,639
67,646
68,763
69,768
71,323
73,034
75,017
76,590
78,173
80,140

1,861
1,900
2,061
2,006
2,018
1,946
2,122
2,218
2,253
2,238

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.4
6.5
5.4
5.5
5.0
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.4

47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602

1970 ..
1971 ..
19721 .
19731 .
1974 ..
1975 ..
1976 ..
1977 ..
19781 .
1979 ..

139,203
142,189
145,939
148,870
151,841
154,831
157,818
160,689
163,541
166,460

84,889

106,559

61.0
60.7
60.9
61.3
61.7
61.6
62.0
62.6
63.5
64.0

80,796
81,340
83,966
86,838
88,515
87,524
90,420
93,673
97,679
100,421

2,118
1,973
1,813
1,774
1,721
,678
,668
,656
,631
,597

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.8
5.8
5.5
4.8
5.5
8.3
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8

54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900

1980 ..
1981 ..
1982 ..
1983 ..
1984 ..
1985 ..
19861 .

169,349
171,775
173,939
175,891
178,080
179,912
182,293

108,544
110,315
111,872
113,226
115,241
117,167
119,540

64.1
64.2
64.3
64.4
64.7
65.1
65.6

100,907
102,042
101,194
102,510
106,702
108,856
111,303

,604
,645
,668
,676
,697
,706
,706

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
103,971
106,434

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237

7.0
7.5
9.5
9.5
7.4
7.1
6.9

60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752

86,355
88,847
91,203

93,670
95,453
97,826
100,665
103,882

101,685

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1986:
January ....
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October ....
November
December

181,361
181,512
181,678
181,843
181,998
182,183
182,354
182,525
182,713
182,935
183,114
183,297

118,485
118,733
118,880
118,987
119,274
119,685
119,789
119,821
119,988
120,163
120,426
120,336

65.3
65.4
65.4
65.4
65.5
65.7
65.7
65.6
65.7
65.7
65.8
65.7

110,583
110,248
110,500
110,664
110,852
111,293
111,559
111,764
111,703
111,941
112,183
112,387

1,691
1,691
1,693
1,695
1,687
1,680
1,672
1,697
1,716
1,749
1,751
1,750

108,892
108,557
108,807
108,969
109,165
109,613
109,887
110,067
109,987
110,192
110,432
110,637

3,280
3,105
3,252
3,199
3,151
3,164
3,124
3,057
3,142
3,162
3,215
3,161

105,612
105,452
105,555
105,770
106,014
106,449
106,763
107,010
106,845
107,030
107,217
107,476

7,902
8,485
8,380
8,323
8,422
8,392
8,230
8,057
8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949

6.7
7.1
7.0
7.0
7.1
7.0
6.9
6.7
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6

62,876
62,779
62,798
62,856
62,724
62,498
62,565
62,704
62,725
62,772
62,688
62,961

1987:
January ....

183,575

120,782

65.8

112,759

1,748

111,011

3,145

107,866

8,023

6.6

62,793

1

Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for




seasonal variation.
NOTE: Seasonally adjusted household survey data shown in tables A1,2,3 and 32-53 have been revised based on the experience through
December 1986. Data for 1982-86 are subject to revision.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1976 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Noninstitutional
population

Sex, year,
and month

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Unemployed
Civilian

Resident
Armed
Forces

Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
MEN
1976
1977
19781
1979

75,341
76,756
78,107
79,509

58,756
59,959
61,151
62,215

78.0
78.1
78.3
78.2

54,720
56,291
58,010
59,096

1,582
1,563
1,531
1,489

53,138
54,728
56,479
57,607

2,744
2,671
2,718
2,686

50,394
52,057
53,761
54,921

4,036
3,667
3,142
3,120

6.9
6.1
5.1
5.0

16,585
16,797
16,956
17,293

1980
1981
1982
1983
...
1984
1985 ...............................
19861

80,877
82,023
83,052
84,064
85,156
86,025
87,349

62,932
63,486
63,979
64,580
65,386
65,967
66,973

77.8
77.4
77.0
76.8
76.8
76.7
76.7

58,665
58,909
57,800
58,320
60,642
61,447
62,443

1,479
1,512
1,529
1,533
1,551
1,556
1,551

57,186
57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892

2,709
2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511

54,477
54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381

4,267
4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530

6.8
7.2
9.7
9.7
7.3
6.9
6.8

17,945
18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
January ....
February
March
April
May....
June
July
August
September
October
November..,.
December

...

1987:
January

86,882
86,954
87,035
87,120
87,195
87,288
87,373
87,460
87,556
87,682
87,773
87,868

66,666
66,737
66,793
66,770
66,854
66,937
66,968
66,911
67,128
67,130
67,407
67,425

76.7
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.5
76.7
76.6
76.8
76.7

62,392
62,142
62,221
62,253
62,201
62,318
62,402
62,483
62,528
62,565
62,833
62,986

1,539
1,539
1,540
1,541
1,533
1,525
1,518
1,541
1,560
1,590
1,592
1,593

60,853
60,603
60,681
60,712
60,668
60,793
60,884
60,942
60,968
60,975
61,241
61,393

2,552
2,466
2,621
2,572
2,510
2,541
2,486
2,397
2,495
2,513
2,506
2,489

58,301
58,137
58,060
58,140
58,158
58,252
58,398
58,545
58,473
58,462
58,735
58,904

4,274
4,595
4,572
4,517
4,653
4,619
4,566
4,428
4,600
4,565
4,574
4,439

6.4
6.9
6.8
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.8
6.6
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6

20,216
20,217
20,242
20,350
20,341
20,351
20,405
20,549
20,428
20,552
20,366
20,443

88,020

67,672

76.9

63,187

1,591

61,596

2,474

59,123

4,484

6.6

20,348

Annual averages
WOMEN
1976
1977
19781
1979

82,476
83,932
85,434
86,951

39,069
40,705
42,731
44,343

47.4
48.5
50.0
51.0

35,701
37,381
39,669
41,325

86
92
100
108

35,615
37,289
39,569
41,217

588
612
669
661

35,027
36,677
38,900
40,556

3,369
3,324
3,061
3,018

8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

43,406
43,227
42,703
42,608

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861

88,472
89,751
90,887
91,827
92,924
93,886
94,944

45,611
46,829
47,894
48,646
49,855
51,200
52,568

51.6
52.2
52.7
53.0
53.7
54.5
55.4

42,241
43,133
43,395
44,190
46,061
47,409
48,861

124
133
139
143
146
150
155

42,117
43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706

656
667
665
680
653
644
652

41,461
42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054

3,370
3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1

42,861
42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
January
February
March
April
May
June ..
July
August
September
October
November
December

.

... ..

......

1987:
January

94,479
94,558
94,643
94,723
94,803
94,895
94,981
95,065
95,156
95,253
95,341
95,429

51,819
51,996
52,087
52,217
52,420
52,748
52,821
52,910
52,860
53,033
53,019
52,911

54.8
55.0
55.0
55.1
55.3
55.6
55.6
55.7
55.6
55.7
55.6
55.4

48,191
48,106
48,279
48,411
48,651
48,975
49,157
49,281
49,175
49,376
49,350
49,401

152
152
153
154
154
155
154
156
156
159
159
157

95,556

53,110

55.6

49,572

157

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.




2

48,039
47,954
48,126
48,257
48,497
48,820
49,003
49,125
49,019
49,217
49,191
49,244

728
639
631
627
641
623
638
660
647
649
709
672

47,311
47,315
47,495
47,630
47,856
48,197
48,365
48,465
48,372
48,568
48,482
48,572

3,628
3,890
3,808
3,806
3,769
3,773
3,664
3,629
3,685
3,657
3,669
3,510

7.0
7.5
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.2
6.9
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.6

42,660
42,562
42,556
42,506
42,383
42,147
42,160
42,155
42,296
42,220
42,322
42,518

49,415

671

48,744

3,538

6.7

42,446

The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-3.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Year
and
month

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployment rates

Civilian labor force
Total

Percent of
population

Employed

Unemployed

Total

Men

Women

Annual averages
19531 .
1954...
1955...
1956...
1957...
1958...
1959...

107,056
108,321
109,683
110,954
112,265
113,727
115,329

63,015
63,643
65,023
66,552
66,929
67,639
68,369

58.9
58.8
59.3
60.0
59.6
59.5
59.3

61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

2.9
5.5
4.4
4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5

2.8
5.3
4.2
3.8
4.1
6.8
5.2

3.3
6.0
4.9
4.8
4.7
6.8
5.9

I9601 .
1961 ...
19621 .
1963...
1964...
1965...
1966...
1967...
1968...
1969...

117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8

5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7

1970...
1971 ...
19721 .
19731 .
1974...
1975...
1976...
1977...
19781 .
1979...

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1

5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

1980...
1981 ...
1982...
1983...
1984...
1985...
19861 .

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0

6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
January ....
February ..
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November
December

179,670
179,821
179,985
180,148
180,311
180,503
180,682
180,828
180,997
181,186
181,363
181,547

116,794
117,042
117,187
117,292
117,587
118,005
118,117
118,124
118,272
118,414
118,675
118,586

65.0
65.1
65.1
65.1
65.2
65.4
65.4
65.3
65.3
65.4
65.4
65.3

108,892
108,557
108,807
108,969
109,165
109,613
109,887
110,067
109,987
110,192
110,432
110,637

7,902
8,485
8,380
8,323
8,422
8,392
8,230
8,057
8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949

6.8
7.2
7.2
7.1
7.2
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7

6.6
7.0
7.0
6.9
7.1
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.7

7.0
7.5
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.2
7.0
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7

1987:
January ....

181,827

119,034

65.5

111,011

8,023

6.7

6.8

6.7

1

Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the




Explanatory Notes.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)

January 1 987
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian

Not in labor force
Unemployed
Unable
to
work

Percent
of
population

Employed

117,703
7,149
2,916
4.234
15,024
80,753
34.836
17,838
16.998
28.037
15,558
12,480
17,880
9,774
8,106
11.861
7,197
4,664
2,917
1,754
736
426

64.7
49.2
39.0
59.8
78.1
82.2
82.7
83.1
82.3
84.4
84.4
84.4
78.0
80.9
74.7
54.1
64.8
43.1
10.5
18.2
9.8
4.0

109,084
5,823
2,326
3,497
13,267
75,742
32,161
16,353
15.808
26,541
14,670
11,872
17.040
9.324
7,716
11,410
6,909
4,502
2,841
1,698
720
424

8,620
1.326
590
736
1.757
5,010
2,675
1,484
1,191
1.496
888
609
840
450
390
451
289
162
75
56
16
3

7.3
18.5
20.2
17.4
11.7
6.2
7.7
8.3
7.0
5.3
5.7
4.9
4.7
4.6
4.8
3.8
4.0
3.5
2.6
3.2
2.2
.7

64,124
7,395
4,553
2.842
4.212
17.513
7,282
3,618
3,664
5,179
2,870
2,310
5,052
2,306
2,746
10,061
3,911
6,150
24,942
7,892
6.781
10,270

29,827
506
122
384
1,559
12.681
5,307
2,509
2,798
3,870
2,125
1,735
3,504
1,647
1,856
5,249
2,281
2,968
9,832
3,243
2,668
3,921

9.331
6,319
4,247
2,072
1,885
1,094
791
521
270
232
158
74
72
53
18
22
13
9
12
3
2
7

2,727
26
8
17
65
925
223
99
124
290
157
134
412
174
238
656
325
330
1.056
241
219
596

22,239
544
176
369
703
2.813
962
489
473
787
420
366
1.065
432
633
4,135
1,292
2,843
14,044
4,404
3.892
5,747

86,429
7,296
3,812
3,484
9,325
47,996
20,682
10,526
10,156
16,209
9,021
7,188
11,105
5,878
5,227
10,311
5,293
5,018
11,502
4,367
3.215
3,919

65.289
3,701
1,485
2,217
7,844
45,037
19,542
9,888
9,654
15.448
8,604
6,844
10,047
5,458
4,589
6,983
4.196
2,787
1,724
1,033
450
240

75.5
50.7
38.9
63.6
84.1
93.8
94.5
93.9
95.1
95.3
95.4
95.2
90.5
92.8
87.8
67.7
79.3
55.5
15.0
23.7
14.0
6.1

60,237
2,947
1,146
1,801
6,871
42,063
17,948
9,011
8,938
14,567
8,092
6,475
9,548
5,202
4,346
6,675
4,002
2,673
1,682
1,005
438
239

5.052
755
339
416
973
2,974
1,594
877
717
881
512
370
499
256
243
308
194
114
42
28
13
1

7.7
20.4
22.8
18.8
12.4
6.6
8.2
8.9
7.4
5.7
5.9
5.4
5.0
4.7
5.3
4.4
4.6
4.1
2.4
2.7
2.9
.4

21,139
3,595
2,327
1,268
1,481
2,958
1,140
639
501
761
417
344
1,058
420
637
3,327
1,097
2,231
9,778
3,334
2,765
3,679

517
17
6
11
32
176
62
29
33
68
43
24
47
16
30
102
40
62
190
62
43
85

4,707
3,242
2,210
1.032
973
484
390
277
113
71
48
23
23
17
5
7
3
4
3
3

1,495
16
5
11
47
581
128
50
78
187
102
85
266
112
154
431
206
225
420
140
96
184

14,420
320
106
214
430
1,718
560
283
277
435
224
211
723
275
448
2,787
847
1,940
9,165
3,131
2,625
3,408

95,399
7,248
3,657
3.591
9,911
50.271
21,436
10,929
10,507
17,008
9,406
7,601
11,827
6,202
5.625
11,612
5,816
5,796
16,357
5,279
4,302
6.777

52,414
3.448
1.431
2.017
7,180
35,716
15,294
7,950
7,344
12.589
6,954
5.636
7,833
4,316
3,517
4,878
3,001
1.877
1.193
721
286
186

54.9
47.6
39.1
56.2
72.4
71.0
71.3
72.7
69.9
74.0
73.9
74.1
66.2
69.6
62.5
42.0
51.6
32.4
7.3
13.7
6.6
2.7

48,846
2,876
1,180
1,697
6.396
33,680
14,212
7.342
6,870
11.975
6,578
5,397
7,492
4,122
3,370
4,735
2,906
1,829
1,159
693
282
185

3,568
572
251
320
784
2,036
1,081
607
474
615
376
239
341
194
147
143
95
48
33
28
3
2

6.8
16.6
17.6
15.9
10.9
5.7
7.1
7.6
6.5
4.9
5.4
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.2
2.9
3.2
2.5
2.8
3.9
1.0
.8

42,985
3,800
2,226
1,575
2,731
14,555
6,142
2,979
3,163
4,418
2,453
1,966
3,995
1,886
2,109
6.734
2,814
3,919
15,165
4,558
4,016
6,591

29,310
489
116
373
1,527
12,505
5,245
2.480
2,765
3,803
2,092
1,711
3,457
1,631
1,826
5,147
2,241
2,906
9,641
3,181
2,625
3,836

4,624
3,077
2,037
1,040
912
610
401
244
157
161
110
51
49
36
13
14
10
5
9
3
2
4

1,232
10
3
7
18
344
95
49
46
103
55
49
146
62
84
224
119
106
635
101
123
412

7,819
224
70
154
273
1,095
401
206
196
351
196
155
342
157
185
1,348
445
903
4,879
1,273
1,267
2,339

tutional
population

Total

181,827
14.545
7,469
7,076
19,235
98,267
42,118
21,455
20,663
33,216
18,427
14,789
22,932
12,080
10,852
21,922
11,108
10,814
27,859
9,646
7,517
10,696

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Other
reasons

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years

45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
3,0 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 4S years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years

60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

10



HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

January 1987
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

156,313
11,903
6,098
5,805
16,065
83,908
35,534
18,052
17,481
28,615
15,787
12,828
19,760
10,381
9,378
19,362
9,752
9,609
25,075
8,615
6,773
9,687

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Percent
of
population

Employed

101,662
6,237
2,593
3,644
12,837
69,414
29,693
15,207
14,486
24,243
13,392
10,850
15,478
8,415
7,063
10,505
6,351
4,154
2,668
1,603
671
394

65.0
52.4
42.5
62.8
79.9
82.7
83.6
84.2
82.9
84.7
84.8
84.6
78.3
81.1
75.3
54.3
65.1
43.2
10.6
18.6
9.9
4.1

95,036
5,229
2,127
3,101
11,554
65,507
27,667
14,093
13,574
23,050
12,702
10,348
14,790
8,054
6,737
10,141
6,121
4,020
2,606
1,559
655
392

6,625
1,009
466
543
1,284
3,908
2,026
1,114
912
1,193
691
502
688
361
327
364
231
134
62
44
15
3

74,853
5,987
3,117
2,870
7,856
41,478
17,688
8,970
8,717
14,122
7,812
6,310
9,668
5,096
4,572
9,153
4,669
4,484
10,379
3,922
2,906
3,551

57,092
3,203
1,301
1,902
6,748
39,291
16,913
8,528
8,386
13,563
7,525
6,037
8,814
4,761
4,053
6,249
3,735
2,514
1,601
957
418
227

76.3
53.5
41.7
66.3
85.9
94.7
95.6
95.1
96.2
96.0
96.3
95.7
91.2
93.4
88.7
68.3
80.0
56.1
15.4
24.4
14.4
6.4

53,090
2,614
1,037
1,577
6,002
36,906
15,647
7,830
7,817
12,858
7,117
5,740
8,402
4,550
3,852
6,003
3,580
2,423
1,565
933
407
226

81,460
5,916
2,981
2,935
8,209
42,430
17,846
9,082
8,764
14,492
7,975
6,518
10,092
5,285
4,806
10,209
5,083
5,125
14,696
4,693
3,867
6,136

44,569
3,034
1,292
1,742
6,090
30,123
12,779
6,679
6,100
10,680
5,867
4,813
6,664
3,654
3,010
4,256
2,616
1,640
1,066
646
253
167

54.7
51.3
43.3
59.4
74.2
71.0
71.6
73.5
69.6
73.7
73.6
73.8
66.0
69.1
62.6
41.7
51.5
32.0
7.3
13.8
6.5
2.7

41,946
2,615
1,091
1,524
5,552
28,601
12,020
6,263
5,757
10,192
5,585
4,608
6,388
3,504
2,885
4,138
2,541
1,598
1,041
626
248
166

Percent
of
labor
force

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

TOTAL

Keeping
house

6.5
16.2
18.0
14.9
10.0
5.6
6.8
7.3
6.3
4.9
8.5
4.6
4.4
4.3
5.1
3.5
3.6
3.2
2.3
2.7
2.2
.8

54,651
5,666
3,505
2,161
3,227
14,494
5,841
2,845
2,996
4,372
2,395
1,977
4,281
1,967
2,314
8,856
3,401
5,455
22,408
7,012
6,103
9,293

26,089
390
104
286
1,241
10,867
4,448
2,061
2,387
3,371
1,875
1,514
3,049
1,476
1,612
4,665
2,021
2,645
8,925
2,921
2,424
3,581

7,118
4,826
3,251
1,575
1,466
805
575
388
186
171
111
60
58
44
15
13
5
8
10
2
1
7

2,122
22
8
13
34
685
173
73
101
221
122
98
292
122
169
534
272
262
846
168
170
508

19,322
428
141
287
486
2,136
646
323
323
609
302
306
882
337
545
3,644
1,103
2,541
12,627
3,922
3,509
5,196

4,002
589
265
325
746
2,385
1,267
698
569
705
408
297
412
211
202
247
155
91
36
24
11
1

7.0
18.4
20.3
17.1
11.1
6.1
7.5
8.2
6.8
5.2
5.4
4.9
4.7
4.4
5.0
3.9
4.2
3.6
2.3
2.5
2.6
.4

17,760
2,784
1,816
968
1,108
2,187
774
442
332
559
287
272
854
336
518
2,904
934
1,970
8,778
2,965
2,489
3,324

404
17
7
10
20
121
44
19
25
43
28
15
34
12
22
77
30
47
168
57
34
78

3,616
2,504
1,716
787
759
346
276
208
68
47
30
17
22
17
5
5

3

1,181
14
5
9
23
446
106
40
66
144
80
63
197
84
113
360
175
186
337
99
74
164

12,560
250
88
162
305
1,274
348
175
174
326
149
176
600
223
377
2,462
729
1,733
8,269
2,809
2,382
3,078

2,623
419
201
218
538
1,523
759
416
343
488
283
205
276
150
125
118
75
42
26
20
4
2

5.9
13.8
15.6
12.5
8.8
5.1
5.9
6.2
5.6
4.6
4.8
4.3
4.1
4.1
4.2
2.8
2.9
2.6
2.4
3.1
1.6
.9

36,891
2,882
1,689
1,192
2,120
12,307
5,067
2,403
2,664
3,812
2,108
1,705
3,428
1,631
1,796
5,953
2,467
3,485
13,630
4,047
3,614
5,969

25,685
373
98
275
1,221
10,746
4,404
2,042
2,362
3,328
1,832
1,496
3,014
1,452
1,563
4,588
1,991
2,597
8,757
2,864
2,390
3,503

3,502
2,322
1,535
787
706
459
298
180
118
124
81
43
36
27
10
8
5
4
7
2
1
4

941
8
3
4
11
239
67
33
35
77
42
35
95
38
56
174
98
76
509
69
96
344

6,762
179
54
125
181
862
297
148
149
283
153
130
282
114
168
1,182
374
808
4,357
1,113
1,127
2,118

Number

Other
reasons

WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

4
3

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over




11

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1987
Not in labor force

Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

10,809
447
135
312
1,377
7,793
3,452
1,734
1,718
2,631
1,497
1,135
1,710
958
751
1,004
628
375
189
112
77

1,749
287
120
168
435
952
579
335
244
249
172
77
124
71
53
64
42
22
11
9
2

13.9
39.1
47.0
35.0
24.0
10.9
14.4
16.2
12.4
8.6
10.3
6.4
6.8
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.3
5.6
5.5
7.4
2.5

7,629
1,410
852
558
790
2,279
1,060
581
479
615
348
267
603
256
347
1,022
427
595
2,128
726
1,402

2,940
107
15
92
279
1,322
627
335
292
360
189
171
335
130
205
486
211
275
746
262
485

1,685
1,190
805
385
306
184
127
81
45
44
35
9
13
10
4
5
5

540
4

2,747
661
409
252
280
601
268
147
121
165
105
60
167
64
103
370
140
230
835
305
530

102
1

814
593
393
199
148
73
59
37
22
13
10
3
1
1

281
2

4,882
749
443
307
510
1,678
792
434
358
450
243
207
436
192
244
652
287
364
1,293
421
872

2,839
106
15
91
268
1,274
612
327
285
339
174
165
323
126
197
464
203
262
726
256
470

872
597
412
186
158
111
68
44
23
31
25
6
12
9
4
5
5

259
2

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other

BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

20,187
2,145
1,107
1,038
2,602
11,022
5,091
2,651
2,441
3,495
2,017
1,478
2,436
1,286
1,150
2,090
1,098
992
2,328
848
1,480

12,558
734
255
479
1,812
8,745
4,031
2,069
1,962
2,880
1,212
1,834
1,030
804
1,068
670
398
200
122
79

62.2
34.2
23.0
46.2
69.6
79.3
79.2
78.0
80.4
82.4
82.7
82.0
75.3
80.1
69.9
51.1
61.1
40.1
8.6
14.4
5.3

9,049
1,053
557
496
1,184
4,934
2,296
1,197
1,100
1,556
898
658
1,082
571
511
940
496
443
938
368
569

6,303
392
148
244
904
4,335
2,029
1,050
979
1,391
793
598
915
507
408
570
356
213
103
63
40

69.7
37.2
26.5
49.2
76.4
87.9
88.3
87.7
89.0
89.4
88.3
90.8
84.6
88.7
79.9
60.6
71.8
48.1
10.9
17.0
7.0

5,415
247
76
171
707
3,842
1.747
890
857
1,247
699
549
847
472
375
521
325
196
97
60
38

888
145
72
73
197
493
282
160
122
143
94
49
68
35
33
49
32
17
5
3
2

14.1
36.9
48.5
29.9
21.8
11.4
13.9
15.2
12.5
10.3
11.9
8.2
7.4
6.9
8.1
8.5
8.9
7.9
5.0

11,138
1,092
550
542
1,418
6,088
2,795
1,454
1,341
1,939
1,119
820
1,354
715
639
1,150
601
549
1,390
480
911

6,255
342
107
235
907
4,410
2,002
1,019
983

56.2
31.3
19.5
43.4
64.0
72.4
71.6
70.1
73.3
76.8
78.3
74.8
67.8
73.1
61.9
43.3
52.2
33.6
7.0
12.2
4.3

5,394
200
59
141
670
3,951
1,705
844
861
1,384
798
586
862
486
376
483
304
179
92
52
39

861
143
48
95
238
459
297
175
122
106
78
28
56
36
20
16
10
5
6
6

13.8
41.7
45.0
40.2
26.2
10.4
14.8
17.2
12.4
7.1
8.9
4.5
6.1
7.0
5.0
3.2
3.3
2.9
6.0

4
29
215
48
26
23
62
28
35
105
42
64
105
47
57
187
65
122

2,461
109
33
77
176
556
258
138
119
149
96
52
149
75
75
426
164
263
1,194
400
794

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
...
70 years and over

O

1
11
48
15
8
7
21
15
6
12
4
8
22
8
13
20
6
15

2
24
115
22
10
13
36
16
21
57
21
37
65
30
34
75
37
38

1,548
66
17
50
98
362
171
92
79
95
64
30
96
39
58
283
101
183
739
262
477

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

12



875
614
919
523
396
498
314
184
97
59
39

2
5
100
26
16
10
26
12
14
48
21
27
40
17
23
112
28
84

912
43
16
27
78
194
87
46
40
54
32
22
53
36
17
143
63
80
455
138
317

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1987
Civilian labor force
Age and sex

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

25,515
2,642
1,371
1,271
3,171
14,358
6,584
3,402
3,181
4,602
2,640
1,962
3,172
1,699
1,474
2,560
1,356
1,205
2,784
1,031
742
1,010

16,042
912
323
589
2,186
11,339
5,143
2,631
1,340
3,794
2,165
1,630
2,401
1,359
1,042
1,356
846
510
249
152
66
32

62.9
34.5
23.5
46.4
68.9
79.0
78.1
77.3
42.1
82.5
82.0
83.1
75.7
80.0
70.7
53.0
62.4
42.3
8.9
14.7
8.9
3.2

14,047
595
198
396
1,713
10,235
4,494
2,260
2,234
3,491
1,968
1,523
2,250
1,271
979
1,270
788
482
235
140
64
32

172
6
4
3
10
102
42
24
18
35
16
19
25
11
14
33
19
14
21
9
11
1

13,875
588
195
394
1,702
10,134
4,452
2,236
2,216
3,456
1,952
1,505
2,225
1,259
965
1,237
769
467
214
131
53
31

1,994
318
124
193
473
1,104
649
370
279
303
197
106
152
89
63
86
58
28
14
12
2

12.4
34.8
38.5
32.8
21.7
9.7
12.6
14.1
20.8
8.0
9.1
6.5
6.3
6.5
6.0
6.4
6.8
5.6
5.5
7.9

9,473
1,730
1,048
682
985
3,020
1,441
773
669
807
475
332
771
340
431
1,205
510
695
2,535
880
678
977

11,576
1,309
695
614
1,469
6,518
2,995
1,556
1,438
2,086
1.208
878
1,437
782
655
1.157
624
534
1,122
445
308
369

8,197
498
183
315
1,096
5,746
2,629
1,360
1,269
1,885
1,078
807
1.233
697
536
734
461
273
122
77
33
13

70.8
38.1
26.4
51.3
74.6
88.2
87.8
87.4
88.2
90.4
89.2
91.9
85.8
89.1
81.8
63.4
73.8
51.2
10.9
17.2
10.7
3.5

7,147
333
110
224
868
5,157
2,302
1,181
1,121
1,709
975
734
1,146
652
494
672
422
250
117
73
31
13

139
6
3
3
7
82
33
19
14
29
15
14
20
9
11
25
11
14
18
8
9
1

7,009
327
106
221
861
5,075
2,269
1,162
1,107
1,680
959
721
1,126
642
483
648
411
236
98
65
22
12

1,050
165
74
91
228
590
327
179
148
176
104
72
87
45
42
61
38
23
6
4
2

12.8
33.2
40.3
29.0
20.8
10.3
12.4
13.2
11.7
9.3
9.6
9.0
7.0
6.4
7.8
8.4
8.3
8.5
4.7
5.1

3,379
811
512
299
373
772
366
197
170
201
130
71
204
85
119
424
163
261
1,000
369
276
355

13,939
1,333
676
657
1,702
7,840
3,589
1,846
1,743
2.515
1,432
1,084
1,736
917
819
1,403
732
671
1,661
586
434
641

7,845
414
139
274
1,090
5,593
2,514
1,271
1,244
1,909
1,087
823
1,169
662
506
622
385
237
127
75
33
19

56.3
31.0
20.6
41.8
64.1
71.3
70.1
68.8
71.4
75.9
75.9
75.9
67.3
72.2
61.9
44.3
52.6
35.3
7.6
12.8
7.6
3.0

6,900
261
89
173
844
5,078
2,192
1,079
1,113
1,782
993
789
1,104
619
485
597
366
231
119
67
33
19

6,866
261
89
173
841
5,059
2,183
1,074
1,109
1,777
993
784
1,099
617
482
589
358
231
116
66
31
19

945
152
50
102
246
514
322
191
131
127
93
34
65
44
21
25
20
5
8

12.0
36.8
36.1
37.1
22.5
9.2
12.8
15.0
10.5
6.6
8.6
4.1
5.6
6.6
4.2
4.0
5.1
2.2
6.1
11.1

6,094
919
537
382
611
2,248
1,075
576
499
606
345
261
567
255
312
781
347
434
1,535
511
402
622

Employed
Percent
of
population

Total

Agriculture

Unemployed
Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

3
20
9
5
4
6
1
5
5
2
3
8
8
3
1
2

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over

Total
Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

179,670
115,431
64.2
106,959
2,819
104,140
8,472
7.3
64,239

181,827
117,703
64.7
109,084
2,705
106,379
8,620
7.3
64,124

78,101
60,734
77.8
56,645
2,119
54,526
4,089
6.7
17,367

79,132
61,588
77.8
57,290
2,044
55,246
4,297
7.0
17,545

87,112
47,715
54.8
44,666
559
44,107
3,049
6.4
39,397

88,150
48,966
55.5
45,970
520
45,450
2,996
6.1
39,184

14,458
6,982
48.3
5,648
142
5,506
1,334
19.1
7,475

14,545
7,149
49.2
5,823
141
5,682
1,326
18.5
7,395

154,784
99,885
64.5
93,421
2,657
90,764
6,464
6.5
54,899

156,313
101,662
65.0
95,036
2,533
92,504
6,625
6.5
54,651

68,099
53,214
78.1
50,027
1,977
48,050
3,188
6.0
14,885

68,866
53,889
78.3
50,476
1,912
48,565
3,413
6.3
14,976

74,820
40,606
54.3
38,315
539
37,775
2,291
5.6
34,214

75,544
41,535
55.0
39,331
486
38,845
2,204
5.3
34,009

11,865
6,065
51.1
5,080
141
4,939
985
16.2
5,799

11,903
6,237
52.4
5,229
135
5,094
1,009
16.2
5,666

19,837
12,296
62.0
10,531
119
10,412
1,765
14.4
7,542

20,187
12,558
62.2
10,809
127
10,682
1,749
13.9
7,629

7,836
5,819
74.3
5,039
109
4,931
779
13.4
2,018

7,996
5,911
73.9
5,167
105
5,062
744
12.6
2,085

9,861
5,704
57.8
5,038
9
5,028
666
11.7
4,156

10,046
5,913
58.9
5,195
16
5,179
718
12.1
4,133

2,140
773
36.1
454
1
453
319
41.3
1,368

2,145
734
34.2
447
6
441
287
39.1
1,410

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14



HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1987
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

15,682
10,933
4,749

7,242
4,504
2,738

46.2
41.2
57.7

6,258
3,758
2,500

1,265
354
911

4,993
3,405
1,589

984
746
238

124
57
68

860
689
171

13.6
16.6
8.7

High school
College
Full-time students .
Part-time students.

8,431
7,251
6,132
1,119

3,273
3,969
2,999
969

38.8
54.7
48.9
86.6

2,663
3,594
2,708
887

161
1,104
457
647

2,502
2,491
2,251
240

610
374
292
83

45
79
48
32

565
295
244
51

18.6
9.4
9.7
8.5

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,964
5,587
2,377

3,652
2,309
1,343

45.9
41.3
56.5

3,089
1,877
1,212

685
199
486

2,404
1,678
726

563
432
131

83
37
45

480
395
85

15.4
18.7
9.7

High school
College
....
Full-time students
Part-time students ..

4,437
3,528
3,016
511

1,755
1,897
1,447
450

39.5
53.8
48.0
88.0

1,380
1,709
1,302
407

103
583
287
296

1,277
1,126
1,015
111

374
188
145
43

30
53
30
23

345
135
115
21

21.3
9.9
10.0
9.6

Women, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
.
20 to 24 years

7,718
5,346
2,372

3,590
2,195
1,395

46.5
41.1
58.8

3,169
1,881
1,288

580
155
425

2,589
1,726
863

421
314
107

42
19
22

380
294
85

11.7
14.3
7.7

High school...
College
Full-time students..
Part-time students .

3,995
3,724
3,116
608

1,519
2,071
1,552
519

38.0
55.6
49.8
85.5

1,283
1,885
1,405
480

58
521
170
351

1,225
1,364
1,235
129

235
186
147
39

15
26
17

220
160
129
30

15.5
9.0
9.4
7.6

12,821
8,935
3,886

6,320
3,995
2,324

49.3
44.7
59.8

5,550
3,411
2,138

1,076
313
763

4,474
3,098
1,376

770
584
186

84
43
40

686
541
146

12.2
14.6
8.0

Men
Women .

6,572
6,249

3,211
3,108

48.9
49.7

2,763
2,787

586
490

2,177
2,297

448
322

56
28

393
294

14.0
10.3

High school
College
Full-time students .
Part-time students.

6,749
6,071
5,152
919

2,890
3,430
2,620
810

42.8
56.5
50.9
88.1

2,417
3,132
2,384
749

138
938
402
535

2,279
2,195
1,981
213

472
298
236
61

31
53
29
23

441
245
207
38

16.3
8.7
9.0
7.6

2,160
1,558
602

658
373
284

30.4
24.0
47.2

475
233
243

136
35
102

339
198
141

182
141
42

32
11
21

151
130
21

27.7
37.7
14.6

Men
Women .

1,038
1,122

307
350

29.6
31.2

217
258

73
64

144
194

90
92

19
12

71
79

29.4
26.2

High school
College
Full-time students .
Part-time students.

1,351
809
661
148

304
353
234
119

22.5
43.7
35.4
80.6

178
297
193
104

19
117
36
81

159
180
157
23

126
56
41
15

12
20
13
7

115
36
28

41.5
15.9
17.5
12.7

1,173
844
329

469
255
214

40.0
30.2
65.2

388
196
192

113
16
97

276
180
96

81
59
22

12
7
5

69
52
17

17.2
23.1
10.2

Men
Women

575
598

229
240

39.8
40.2

191
197

65
48

126
150

38
43

7
5

31
38

16.6
17.8

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

736
437
327
110

206
263
174
89

28.0
60.3
53.3
81.2

159
229
154
75

19
94
47
47

140
136
107
28

47
34
20
14

7
4
1
3

40
30
19
11

22.8
12.9
11.4
15.7

White
Total, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black

Total, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

See footnotes at end of table.




15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1987
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Unemployed

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years ..
16 to 19 years...
20 to 24 years

18,098
3,612
14 486

14,931
2,646
12 285

82.5
73.3
84 8

12,832
2,065
10 767

10,969
1,520
9 449

1,863
545
1 318

2,099
580
1 519

1,916
516
1 400

183
65
118

14.1
21.9
124

4,268
9,466
2,949
1,415

2,797
8,069
2,694
1,371

65.5
85.2
91.4
96.9

2,066
7,059
2,417
1,290

1,643
5,988
2,146
1,192

423
1,072
270
98

731
1,009
278
81

664
925
248
79

67
84
29
1

26.1
12.5
10.3
5.9

8,657
1,709
6,947

7,893
1,393
6,501

91.2
81.5
93.6

6,728
1,070
5,658

6,033
828
5,205

695
242
454

1,165
323
842

1,112
302
810

53
20
32

14.8
23.2
13.0

2,229
4,515
1,256
657

1,841
4,223
1,195
634

82.6
93.5
95.2
96.5

1,386
3,660
1,076
606

1,182
3,292
988
571

204
368
88
35

455
563
119
28

438
532
113
28

17
31
6

24.7
13.3
9.9
4.4

..

9,441
1,902
7,539

7,038
1,253
5,785

74.5
65.9
76.7

6,104
995
5,109

4,936
692
4,244

1,168
303
865

934
258
676

804
214
590

130
44
86

13.3
20.6
11.7

Less than 4 years of high school ...
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

2,039
4,950
1,693
758

956
3,846
1,499
737

46.9
77.7
88.5
97.3

680
3,399
1,340
684

462
2,696
1,158
621

218
704
182
64

276
447
159
53

225
393
135
51

51
54
24
2

28.9
11.6
10.6
7.1

15,147
2,968
12,179

12,755
2,242
10,513

84.2
75.5
86.3

11,233
1,817
9,415

9,683
1,363
8,319

1,550
454
1,096

1,522
425
1,098

1,394
376
1,018

128
48
79

11.9
18.9
10.4

Men
Women

7,271
7,876

6,740
6,016

92.7
76.4

5,853
5,380

5,308
4,375

545
1,005

887
635

856
539

31
97

13.2
10.6

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

3,430
7,921
2,491
1 305

2,338
6,848
2,296
1 273

68.2
86.5
92.2
97 5

1,791
6,122
2,113
1 207

1,439
5,247
1,880
1,117

351
875
234
90

548
726
183
66

497
665
168
64

51
61
15
1

23.4
10.6
8.0
5.2

2,587
587
2 000

1,888
361
1,528

73.0
61.5
76.4

1,348
214
1,134

1,070
132
939

278
83
195

540
147
393

490
133
357

50
13
37

28.6
40.6
25.7

1,199
1,388

989
900

82.5
64.8

737
611

604
466

133
145

251
289

232
258

20
30

25.4
32.1

753
1,371
393
69

405
1,081
339
63

53.7
78.9
86.3
91 5

237
814
249
49

171
637
217
46

66
176
32
3

167
267
90
15

151
246
78
15

17
21
12

41.4
24.7
26.7
23.4

2,029
479
1,550

1,484
294
1,190

73.2
61.4
76.8

1,227
221
1,006

1,071
173
898

156
48
109

257
73
184

238
66
171

19
7
13

17.3
24.8
15.5

Men
Women

1,053
976

940
544

89.3
55.8

794
433

727
344

67
89

146
111

146
91

20

15.5
20.4

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1,029
753
205
42

663
608
179
35

64.4
80.7
87.3

526
505
163
33

452
448
140
30

74
57
23
3

137
102
16
2

126
94
16
2

Less than 4 years of high school...
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

....
...

Men, 16 to 24 years ..
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years ..

. ..

Less than 4 years of high school ...
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
Women, 16 to 24 years ..
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years ..

...

White
Total, 16 to 24 years ..
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

...

Black
Total 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women

.

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
Hispanic origin
Total 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

.

1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and

16



11
8

20.6
16.8
9.0

college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Employed

Total

Veteran status
and age
Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Unemployed
Percent of
labor force

Number
Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over

7,688
6,421
1,273
3,158
1,990
1,267

7,798
6,295
1,026
2,819
2,450
1,503

7,140
6,142
1,210
3,042
1,890

7,267
6,047
977
2,720
2,350
1,220

6,720
5,773
1,110
2,839
1,824
947

6,834
5,665
861
2,563
2,241
1,169

420
369
100
203
66
51

433
382
116
157
109
51

5.9
6.0
8.3
6.7
3.5
5.1

6.0
6.3
11.9
5.8
4.6
4.2

17,914
8,252
5,465
4,197

18,986
8,698
5,993
4,295

16,911
7,801
5,169
3,941

18,023
8,271
5,684
4,068

15,918
7,333
4,875
3,710

16,893
7,717
5,344
3,832

993
468
294
231

1,130
554
340
236

5.9
6.0
5.7
5.9

6.3
6.7
6.0
5.8

NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data




are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
January 1987
Employed

Unemployed

Full time

Part time

Sex, age, and race

Total

Full-time
schedules1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time

Total

Voluntary1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

89,909
1,874
209
1,665
88,035
10,359
77,676
66,755
10,921

87,963
1,765
189
1,576
86,198
10,063
76,135
65,458
10,677

1,946
109
20
89
1,837
296
1,541
1,297
244

19,174
3,949
2,116
1,832
15,225
2,907

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
...
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

53,983
1,027
52,956
5,691
47,265
40,253
7,012

52,799
964
51,835
5,513
46,322
39,475
6,847

Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

35,926
847
35,080
4,668
30,413
26,504
3,909

Men, 16 years and over . ...
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

12,317
8,987
3,331

15,582
3,557
2,044
1,512
12,025
2,214
9,810
6,880
2,931

3,592
392
72
320
3,200
693
2,507
2,107
400

6,996
573
114
458
6,423
1,468
4,955
4,538
417

1,624
754
476
278
870
289
581
473
108

1,184
63
1,121
178
943
778
165

6,255
1,919
4,334
1,180
3,156
1,811
1,345

4,885
1,739
3,145
903
2,243
1,049
1,194

1,370
180
1,189
277
913
762
151

4,336
340
3,997
855
3,141
2,853
289

715
415
300
118
183
122
61

35,164
801
34,363
4,550
29,814
25,984
3,830

762
46
717
118
599
520
79

12,920
2,029
10,891
1,727
9,163
7,176
1,987

10,697
1,817
8,880
1,311
7,568
5,831
1,737

2,223
212
2,011
416
1,595
1,345
250

2,659
233
2,426
613
1,814
1,685
128

908
339
570
171
399
352
47

47,655
903
46,752
4,991
41,761
35,442
6,319

46,629
852
45,777
4,836
40,941
34,757
6,184

1,026
51
975
155
820
685
135

5,435
1,711
3,725
1,012
2,713
1,464
1,249

4,363
1,564
2,800
793
2,006
885
1,121

1,072
147
925
219
707
579
128

3,423
262
3,162
650
2,512
2,286
226

579
328
251
96
155
99
56

30,396
773
29,624
4,092
25,531
22,092
3,439

29,771
736
29,035
3,998
25,036
21,666
3,370

625
37
589
94
495
426
69

11,549
1,842
9,708
1,460
8,247
6,508
1,739

9,736
1,667
8,070
1,122
6,947
5,399
1,548

1,813
175
1,638
338
1,300
1,109
191

1,910
158
1,752
409
1,343
1,239
104

713
261
452
129
324
284
40

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4,793
101
4,691
576
4,116
3,575
541

4,664
89
4,574
553
4,022
3,505
517

129
12
117
23
94
70
24

622
146
476
131
343
266
77

363
113
250
83
167
109
58

259
33
226
48
176
157
19

776
72
703
179
524
476
48

113
72
40
18
22
16

Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years

4,367
65
4,302
465
3,836
3,472
364

4,252
57
4,195
441
3,753
3,395
358

115
8
107
24
83
77
6

1,028
135
893
205
688
479
209

686
102
584
130
453
292
161

342
33
309
75
235
187
48

687
72
615
199
418
404
14

174
71
103
39
64
56

White

Black

55 years and over

Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.

18



HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1987

Not in labor force

Civilian labor force

Unemployed

Family relationship

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

Percent
of
Number
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going Unable
Other
to
to
reasons
school work

Total, 16 years and over1

96,108

65.1

89,007

7,101

7.4 51,417

24,240

8,561

2,029

16,587

Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force

39,520
24,395
1,225
13,901

78.3
91.8
91.6
61.6

37,644
23,389
1,031
13,224

1,877
1,006
194
677

4.7 10,953
4.1 2,167
15.8
113
4.9 8,673

195
68
128

183
102
3
78

798
304
14
480

9,776
1,693
96
7,987

Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force

27,899
24,420
1,200
2,280

55.3
64.9
63.9
20.8

26,561
23,389
1,006
2,167

1,338
1,031
194
113

4.8 22,575
4.2 13,224
16.2
677
5.0 8,673

19,024
11,989
615
6,420

372
305
25
42

323
135
13
175

2,856
795
25
2,036

Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

13,000
4,644
4,963
3,392

60.9
48.5
75.9
65.0

11,206
3,918
4,329
2,959

1,795
727
635
433

13.8
15.6
12.8
12.8

8,349
4,940
1,580
1,829

795
136
146
513

5,767
4,503
1,121
143

317
17
31
269

1,470
284
283
903

Women who maintain families

6,544

61.3

5,901

642

9.8

4,128

2,955

177

188

809

Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

5,449
1,333
1,639
2,477

58.8
45.0
74.4
60.3

4,410
955
1,301
2,154

1,039
378
338
323

19.1
28.4
20.6
13.0

3,824
1,630
564
1,630

859
97
106
656

1,719
1,358
270
91

267
8
27
232

979
167
160
652

Men who maintain families

2,068

77.4

1,879

189

9.1

604

44

36

81

443

Relatives in families maintained by men ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,628
294
441
893

62.3
52.5
78.9
59.9

1,406
222
394
790

222
72
47
103

13.6
24.4
10.6
11.5

984
267
118
599

368
25
25
318

307
221
67
19

55

255
20
26
209

Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in
married-couple families where the husband or wife is in the Armed
Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women




55

who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status
estimates shown in other tables in this publication because of differences
in definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.

19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Women

Men

Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons

Jan.
1987

7.7
5.0
10.0
13.6

3,663
1,523
111

6.6
4.7
8.3

7.0
4.8

10.9

888
229
124
535

Jan.
1987

3,568
1,457
752

1.2
5.4

7.6

6.8
5.0
7.3

1,363

1,359

10.8

10.3

11.9

2,740
1,279
588
874

2,623
1,226
557
840

6.3
5.1
7.2
8.5

5.9
4.8
6.7
7.9

15.2
9.0
13.1
24.6

14.1
7.3
12.8
24.2

820
189
171
460

861
192
175
494

13.5
8.3
9.6
22.7

13.8
8.2
9.9
23.0

3,324
1,907
613
803

5.9
4.8
9.1
9.0

6.2
4.8
9.8
10.2

2,270
1,228
709
334

2,213
1,180
673
360

5.6
4.8
7.3
6.5

5.3
4.5
6.9
6.6

417
448

2,667
1,632
478
557

5.3
4.5
8.2
7.4

5.7
4.6
9.2
8.6

1,742
1,027
530
186

1,666
992
493
181

5.1
4.5
6.8
4.7

4.7
4.2
6.3
4.3

573
249
123
201

546
205
123
218

11.8
8.6

10.9
6.9

9.6
7.0

13.2
20.0

480
151
160
169

9.4
7.5

13.3
19.0

453
155
162
136

4,810

2,128

5,052
2,084
652
2,316

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,723
1,750
445
1,529

4,002
1,780
512
1,710

Black, 16 years and over . .
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

945
276
122
546

Total, 25 years and over . ...
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,107

White, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,434
1,568

Black, 25 years and over ...
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)




Unemployment
rates
Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

20

Thousands of
persons
Jan.
1986

Jan.
1986
Total, 16 years and over .....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

Unemployment
rates

2,090
592

1,872
564
670

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

7.5
5.1

9.2
12.7

9.5

9.3

9.4

13.2

15.0

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Total

Unemployment rates
Total
Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

8,620

7.3

7.3

7.5

7.7

7.2

6.8

609
323
286

704
386
319

2.3
2.5
2.0

2.5
2.9
2.2

2.0
2.2
1.8

2.5
2.7
2.3

2.6
3.1
2.2

2.6
3.3
2.1

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,649
112
706
831

1,723
127
751
845

4.7
3.3
5.3
4.5

4.8
3.8
5.4
4.5

3.7
3.1
3.2
4.9

4.5
5.1
3.9
5.3

5.3
3.6
7.5
4.5

4.9
2.3
7.1
4.3

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,429
75

9.0
7.2
5.5
9.6

8.9
6.4
6.2
9.5

8.3

9.3
6.0

104
1,251

1,451
66
121
1,264

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

1,175
247
619
310

1,153
240
643
270

8.3
5.5
11.8
7.1

8.0
5.2
12.0

11.6

6.1

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

2,361
998
521
842
228
613

2,292
941
517
834
259
575

12.3
11.3
10.6
15.6
27.4
13.5

Farming, forestry, and fishing

318

324

9.7

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

863
564
198
101

921
537
211
174

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

Jan.
1987

8,472

Women

Jan.
1986

Total, 16 years and over

Jan.
1986

Men

O

8.6

O

5.3
9.8

5.3
9.3

9.3
7.4
7.2
9.5

8.1
5.5
6.0

8.0
5.3
11.8
5.8

11.0
4.8
19.7
10.9

7.6
2.1
23.1
7.3

12.0
11.0
10.1
15.5
29.2
12.7

12.3
10.5
10.7
15.8
27.6
13.3

12.2
10.7
10.3
15.8
29.0
12.7

12.6
12.4
9.8
14.6

11.5
11.4
9.1
13.4

14.4

13.0

10.6

9.8

10.0

9.5

14.1

0

11.6

9.7

O

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

Total

Unemployment rates

Men

Total

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

8,472

Women
Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

8,620

7.3

7.3

7.5

7.7

7.2

6.8

6,536

6,608

7.6

7.5

7.9

8.0

7.2

6.9

Mining
Construction

121
1,023

149
1,015

12.2
17.2

15.8
16.6

13.7
17.6

16.6
17.3

3.2
13.4

11.0
9.5

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Funiture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries

1,731
1,024
107
49
59
85
149
168
193
129
83
46
23
64
707
205
69
140
57
85
66
49
37

1,618
972
66
51
65
75
140
190
139
146
98
48
32
68
646
185
52
144
37
91
50
52
36

7.8
7.7
16.1
6.7
8.9
9.4
10.7
6.3
8.3
4.8
6.6
3.3
3.2
12.6
8.0
10.7
8.0
11.3
7.4
5.1
5.4
6.2
8.2

7.5
7.5
9.7
7.6
11.2
8.6
10.9
7.3
6.3
5.2
7.3
3.3
4.8
12.1
7.6
10.3
6.9
12.0
4.9
5.4
4.0
7.0
8.9

6.9
7.2
16.2
6.6
7.5
10.4
11.2
5.6
5.9
4.6
5.7
3.6
1.3
12.6
6.3
8.5
7.5
9.1
6.4
5.0
4.1
4.1
5.9

7.0
7.2
10.2
7.4
12.2
8.1
11.4
7.1
5.3
4.8
6.6
3.1
3.5
10.0
6.6
9.2
6.3
10.9
5.3
5.3
3.9
7.0
6.8

9.7
9.1
15.9
6.9
13.3
1.9
9.0
8.6
11.5
5.6
10.1
1.4
6.2
12.6
10.3
15.1
8.6
12.0
10.4
5.3
8.2
10.0
13.1

8.6
8.3
7.2
8.2
7.7
11.9
9.4
7.9
7.7
6.7
10.1
3.6
6.7
14.2
8.9
12.7
7.7
12.4
3.7
5.5
4.4
7.0
12.2

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

317
246
71
1,723
222
1,501
176
1,445
506
939

342
272
71
1,824
235
1,589
242
1,418
540
878

5.2
5.9
2.7
7.9
5.2
8.6
2.6
6.3
3.9
9.5

5.5
6.2
2.6
8.1
5.4
8.8
3.4
5.9
4.0
8.5

5.8
6.7
2.3
6.6
4.3
7.4
2.8
7.1
4.0
9.5

5.8
6.6
2.6
7.2
5.0
7.9
3.5
6.6
4.1
8.8

3.9
3.4
3.5
9.3
7.4
9.6
2.6
5.9
3.9
9.5

4.5
5.0
2.6
9.2
6.4
9.6
3.4
5.5
3.9
8.3

253
819
863

256
835
921

16.0
3.1
_

16.1
3.1
_

16.5
3.0
_

16.0
3.3
_

14.3
3.2
_

16.5
2.8
_

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience

22



Jan.
1986

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
unemployed
Reason for unemployment

Women,
20 years
and over

Men,
20 years
and over
Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

Jan.
1987

Black

White

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

1,326
286
72
214
163
343
534

6,464
3,496
1,335
2,161
858
1,539
571

6,625
3,644
1,318
2,326
778
1,576
628

1,765
836
224
612
153
526
250

1,749
886
204
682
144
456
264

100.0
22.6
6.0
16.6
10.3
24.9
42.3

100.0
21.5
5.4
16.1
12.3
25.9
40.3

100.0
54.1
20.7
33.4
13.3
23.8
8.8

100.0
55.0
19.9
35.1
11.7
23.8
9.5

100.0
47.4
12.7
34.7
8.7
29.8
14.1

100.0
50.7
11.7
39.0
8.2
26.1
15.1

4.3
2.0
4.8
8.1

4.0
2.3
4.8
7.5

3.5
.9
1.5
.6

3.6
.8
1.6

6.8
1.2
4.3
2.0

7.1
1.1
3.6
2.1

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

8,472
4,452
1,579
2,873
1,041
2,120
861

8,620
4,662
1,550
3,112
952
2,087
918

4,089
2,853
1,037
1,816
473
657
105

4,297
3,097
1,047
2,050
400
640
161

3,049
1,297
463
834
431
1,131
191

2,996
1,279
431
848
390
1,104
223

1,334
302
80
222
137
332
564

100.0
52.5
18.6
33.9
12.3
25.0
10.2

100.0
54.1
18.0
36.1
11.0
24.2
10.7

100.0
69.7
25.3
44.4
11.6
16.1
2.6

100.0
72.1
24.4
47.7
9.3
14.9
3.7

100.0
42.6
15.2
27.4
14.1
37.1
6.3

100.0
42.7
14.4
28.3
13.0
36.9
7.4

3.9

3.9
.8
1.8

4.7
.8
1.1
.2

5.0
.6
1.0
.3

2.7
.9
2.4
.4

2.6
.8
2.3
.5

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




1.8
.7

23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
January 1987
Total unemployed

Duration of unemployment

Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons

Total, 16 years and over ....
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men, 20 years and over .....
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Percent

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
wpeks

Total

15 to 26
weeks

21 weeks
and over

8,620

100.0

42.8

30.6

26.5

12.8

13.7

4,662
1,550
3,112
952
2,087
918

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

37.5
50.7
31.0
46.4
50.8
48.1

33.7
34.6
33.3
27.8
26.7
26.7

28.8
14.7
35.8
25.8
22.5
25.2

12.9
7.7
15.5
14.1
12.9
10.9

15.8
7.0
20.2
11.7
9.6
14.3

4,297

100.0

35.9

33.5

30.6

13.7

16.9

3,097
1,047
2,050
400
640
161

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

33.6
47.0
26.7
39.6
43.9
39.2

35.7
38.4
34.3
30.2
28.2
20.1

30.7
14.6
39.0
30.2
27.8
40.7

13.4
7.5
16.4
15.3
13.9
15.5

17.4
7.1
22.6
14.8
13.9
25.3

2,996

100.0

46.4

28.8

24.8

12.4

12.3

1,279
431
848
390
1,104
223

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

42.0
56.4
34.6
46.1
51.6
46.1

30.2
27.3
31.6
26.0
27.9
30.9

27.9
16.3
33.7
27.9
20.5
23.0

13.1
9.0
15.1
15.5
12.0
5.6

14.8
7.3
18.6
12.4
8.5
17.4

1,326

100.0

57.4

25.4

17.2

10.8

6.4

286
72
214
163
343
534

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

60.6

28.2

11.2

7.3

3.9

0

O

0

0

29.8
26.2
20.1
27.0

12.7
10.1
18.9
21.5

0

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

57.5
63.7
61.0
51.5

9.1
7.8
13.5
11.7

3.7
2.3
5.4
9.8

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-16.

Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Full-time workers

Total
Duration of unemployment

Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

24




Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

8,472

8,620

100.0

100.0

6,943

6,996

100.0

100.0

3,645
2,617
1,889
728
2,210
1,087
1,122
417
706

3,693
2,639
1,857
782
2,288
1,105
1,183
498
685

43.0
30.9
22.3
8.6
26.1
12.8
13.2
4.9
8.3

42.8
30.6
21.5
9.1
26.5
12.8
13.7
5.8
7.9

2,719
2,251
1,595
655
1,974
936
1,038
374
664

2,713
2,220
1,543
677
2,063
942
1,121
466
655

39.2
32.4
23.0
9.4
28.4
13.5
15.0
5.4
9.6

38.8
31.7
22.1
9.7
29.5
13.5
16.0
6.7
9.4

14.4
6.6

14.4
6.8

15.8
7.6

15.9
8.0

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17.

Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Unemployed
less than
5 weeks

Unemployed
15 weeks
and over

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

6.8
4.4
5.8
7.3
8.9
8.7
10.2

43.0
54.2
47.3
40.5
36.4
37.9
38.1

42.8
57.4
46.3
40.1
36.2
37.0
36.5

26.1
15.3
20.2
28.4
31.0
33.7
34.8

26.5
17.2
23.0
26.5
31.7
33.9
36.0

O

O

O

38.8
53.2
43.4
35.9
30.2
32.7
35.4

38.6
53.9
40.0
37.2
34.0
28.2
33.8

28.7
14.8
22.4
31.8
34.3
37.6
35.8

29.2
21.2
25.4
28.4
32.8
38.7
38.7

Median
duration

January 1987
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,620
1,326
1,757
2,675
1,496
840
451
75

3,693
762
814
1,072
541
310
164
29

2,639
337
539
895
481
245
124
20

1,105
143
226
358
203
95
73
8

1,183
85
178
350
271
190
89
19

14.4
8.8
12.0
14.4
17.9
18.9
19.3

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years '.
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

5,052
755
973
1,594
881
499
308
42

1,949
407
389
593
300
141
104
16

1,627
188
337
548
293
165
85
11

681
92
126
221
118
68
53
3

796
68
121
232
171
125
66
13

16.0
10.2
13.8
15.5
19.5
22.0
20.2

7.9
4.6
7.1
8.1
9.5
10.0
11.6

O

0

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,568
572
784
1,081
615
341
143
33

1,744
355
425
480
241
169
60
14

1,012
149
201
347
188
80
39
9

424
51
100
136
85
27
20
5

387
17
57
119
100
65
24
6

12.0
6.8
9.8
12.7
15.6
14.3
17.4

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

6,625
4,002
2,623

2,923
1,573
1,349

2,043
1,335
708

824
519
305

835
575
260

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,749
888
861

686
326
360

521
249
272

244
131
113

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ..
Single (never married)

2,084
652
2,316

680
231
1,039

703
225
699

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ..
Single (never married)

1,457
752
1,359

694
311
739

452
202
358

O

0

O

5.3
4.0
4.6
6.2
8.1
5.2
6.6

48.6
55.3
52.2
46.5
45.6
44.4
42.5

48.9
62.1
54.3
44.4
39.2
49.7
42.4

22.7
15.9
17.4
24.0
26.0
28.6
33.2

22.7
11.9
20.1
23.5
30.2
26.9
30.3

13.8
15.4
11.3

6.4
7.5
4.9

44.4
40.2
50.2

44.1
39.3
51.4

24.1
26.6
20.8

25.0
27.3
21.6

298
182
115

16.3
18.5
14.0

8.5
9.6
7.4

38.9
34.0
44.6

39.2
36.7
41.8

32.4
35.8
28.6

31.0
35.2
26.6

328
73
280

374
123
299

17.8
17.9
13.9

9.3
8.3
6.6

35.1
34.1
43.7

32.6
35.4
44.8

30.6
36.1
24.7

33.7
30.1
25.0

166
108
150

145
131
111

11.5
15.9
10.3

5.6
7.7
4.6

48.2
45.5
50.7

47.6
41.3
54.4

21.5
31.1
19.2

21.3
31.7
19.2

O

0

0

0

0

0

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment

Occupation and industry

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks
weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks

Thousands of persons
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

January 1987

Unemployed Unemployed
15 weeks
less than
and over
5 weeks
Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

704
1,723
1,451
1,153
2,292
324

290
840
685
439
848
123

194
434
408
440
783
123

107
238
170
125
314
43

113
211
188
149
347
34

15.3
12.8
13.1
14.6
16.0
13.6

7.9
5.3
5.7
7.6
8.1
8.2

36.0
48.4
45.2
39.5
37.9
49.7

41.2
48.7
47.2
38.1
37.0
38.0

30.3
23.4
23.7
28.2
28.8
21.4

31.2
26.1
24.7
23.8
28.8
24.0

256
1,042
1,626
979
646
391
1,962
223

108
405
553
320
233
160
922
885
96

94
429
545
334
211
120
497
540
57

31
92
230
115
115
52
233
258
40

23
116
298
211
87
58
174
280
31

12.7
13.5
17.4
18.4
15.9
13.7
12.2
14.0
14.9

7.6
7.1
9.1
9.2
8.9
7.5
4.9
6.5
6.7

52.9
38.0
36.2
33.3
40.4
39.8
48.1
43.5
35.1

42.4
38.8
34.0
32.6
36.1
41.0
50.5
45.1
42.8

17.7
22.9
34.1
40.2
25.1
26.5
22.4
25.5
31.2

21.0
20.0
32.5
33.3
31.2
28.3
22.3
27.4
31.7

921

444

245

100

132

14.0

5.5

50.7

48.2

23.3

25.1

INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration
No previous work experience
Includes wage and salary workers only.

26



1,826

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19.

Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
January 1987
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race
Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency
5.9
3.0
4.4
7.2
7.1
8.8
6.1

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,620
1,326
1,757
2,675
1,496
840
451
75

6,970
1,237
1,487
2,053
1,152
647
343
50

25.0
10.9
26.8
29.3
28.6
29.2
22.2

0

0)

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

5,052
755
973
1,594
881
499
308
42

3,896
702
810
1,128
651
356
218
31

27.2
12.3
29.8
32.4
30.6
32.6
20.6

6.1
3.7
2.6
7.5
7.1
11.0
7.3

O

O

Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,568
572
784
1,081
615
341
143
33

3,075
535
677
926
501
291
125
19

22.2
9.2
23.5
25.6
26.1

5.7
1.9
6.6
6.7
7.2
5.8
4.0

White, 16 years and over ....
Men
Women

6,625
4,002
2,623

5,226
2,996
2,230

24.4
26.9
21.0

Black, 16 years and over ....
Men
Women .

1,749
888
861

1,540
760
780

26.9
29.2
24.7

25.1
24.8

A-20.

Friends
or
relatives

Other

73.5
78.3
74.2
71.9
72.5
73.6
66.2

36.5
28.1
37.7
39.9
37.6
36.8
37.0

4.5
2.5
3.2
4.5
6.9
4.3
10.2

O

0

16.5
13.7
13.4
17.2
18.1
19.6
22.4

72.9
76.5
76.3
70.2
71.0
74.7
66.1

34.5
28.9
34.6
38.5
34.1
33.4
36.2

18.0
14.2
14.2
20.3
20.6
22.2
17.0

5.3
1.6
3.8
5.1
8.8
4.8
13.8

0

74.2
80.9
71.8
74.1
74.5
72.2
65.6

39.1
26.9
41.4
41.7
42.1
40.9
38.4

14.5
13.1
12.4
13.5
15.0
16.5
32.0

6.1
6.3
5.8

74.2
74.2
74.2

37.2
34.9
40.2

4.9
4.2
5.5

72.5
70.1
74.7

34.7
33.2
36.3

0

Average
number of
methods
used

1.62
1.37
1.60
1.70
1.71
1.72
1.64

0

0

O

0

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

1.64
1.37
1.61
1.74
1.72
1.79
1.61

O

0

3.5
3.6
2.5
3.7
4.4
3.8
4.0

1.59
1.36
1.58
1.65
1.69
1.64
1.69

0

O

15.8
16.7
14.6

5.0
5.7
4.1

1.63
1.65
1.60

16.9
20.7
13.2

3.0
4.2
1.8

1.59
1.62
1.56

0

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
January 1987
Thousands of persons
Sex and reason

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Private
employment
agency

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

6,970
3,156
978
1,923
913

25.0
31.8
21.7
19.7
16.0

5.9
6.0
7.7
6.1
3.1

73.5
75.7
70.0
71.7
73.4

36.5
36.9
37.5
38.9
29.1

16.5
18.8
12.9
15.0
15.3

4.5
4.7
5.2
4.2
3.6

1.62
1.74
1.55
1.56
1.41

5,052
3,284
482
830
456

3,896
2,221
492

729
454

27.2
31.9
22.4
23.2
15.6

6.1
5.9
7.3
7.1
3.7

72.9
74.9
68.3
68.0
75.6

34.5
34.3
34.3
40.1
26.4

18.0
19.3
13.6
19.6
14.1

5.3
5.4
6.5
5.3
2.9

1.64
1.72
1.52
1.63
1.38

3,568
1,378

3,075
935
486
1,194
459

22.2
31.7
21.0
17.5
16.3

5.7
6.3
8.0
5.6
2.4

74.2
77.5
71.6
73.9
71.2

39.1
43.1
40.7
38.2
31.6

14.5
17.5
12.3
12.1
16.6

3.5
2.9
3.9
3.6
4.1

1.59
1.79
1.58
1.51
1.42

Total
jobseekers

Total, 16 years and over ...
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

8,620
4,662
952
2,087
918

Men, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

470
1,257
463

Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within




Average
number of
methods
used

Public
employment
agency

Total
unemployed

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Total
Industry and age

Women

Men

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

All industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

106,959
5,648
2,095
3,553
13,487
73,687
31,681
25,281
16,725
11,287
6,873
4,414
2,849

109,084
5,823
2,326
3,497
13,267
75,742
32,161
26,541
17,040
11,410
6,909
4,502
2,841

59,484
2,839
1,025
1,814
7,090
41,185
17,848
13,928
9,409
6,627
4,020
2,607
1,743

60,237
2,947
1,146
1,801
6,871
42,063
17,948
14,567
9,548
6,675
4,002
2,673
1,682

47,475
2,809
1,070
1,739
6,397
32,502
13,833
11,353
7,316
4,660
2,853
1,807
1,107

48,846
2,876
1,180
1,697
6,396
33,680
14,212
11,975
7,492
4,735
2,906
1,829
1,159

Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

2,819
142
68
75
326
1,661
725
496
440
448
236
212
241

2,705
141
58
83
312
1,610
687
496
428
395
206
189
246

2,233
115
51
64
272
1,260
566
376
318
373
190
183
213

2,162
118
48
69
277
1,233
549
363
322
320
161
159
214

586
27
16
11
54
401
159
120
122
75
46
29
28

543
23
10
14
36
377
138
133
106
75
45
30
32

104,140
5,506
2,028
3,478
13,161
72,026
30,956
24,785
16,285
10,839
6,637
4,202
2,608

106,379
5^82
2,268
3,415
12,954
74,132
31,474
26,046
16,612
11,015
6,703
4,313
2,595

57,251
2,724
974
1,750
6,818
39,925
17,282
13,552
9,091
6,254
3,830
2,424
1,530

58,076
2,829
1,098
1,731
6,594
40,830
17,399
14,204
9,226
6,355
3,841
2,514
1,468

46,889
2,782
1,054
1,728
6,343
32,101
13,674
11,233
7,194
4,584
2,807
1,778
1,079

48,303
2,853
1,170
1,683
6,360
33,302
14,075
11,842
7,385
4,661
2,862
1,799
1,127

Nonagricultural industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

28



HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Total

Men

16 years
and over

Occupation

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

16 years
and over
Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Women
20 years
and over

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

20 years
and over

16 years
and over
Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

106,959 109,084 59,484 60,237 56,645 57,290 47,475 48,846 44,666 45,970

Total
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations '.
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations

26,396 27,160 14,989 15,128 14,905 15,052 11,407 12,032 11,316 11,916
12,444 12,826
7,988 7,871 7,958 7,838 4,456 4,956 4,424 4,913
540
347
566
215
215
347
193
351
193
351
8,615
8,752 5,885 5,679 5,860 5,651 2,730 3,073 2,704 3,042
3,288 3,509
1,756
1,750 1,836 1,533 1,668 1,527 1,657
1,841
7,076 6,892 7,003
13,952 14,333
7,001
7,257 6,947 7,214 6,951
1,772
1,778
114
1,662
117
114
117
1,658 1,662 1,655
682
579
362
217
229
362
451
231
449
217
331
357
289
67
75
289
257
75
257
67
769
718
603
114
111
114
655
603
655
115
300
2,101
2,063
1,758 1,784
296
310
308
1,763 1,791
422
679
656
234
444
231
444
234
419
229
961
3,652
3,691
911
902
2,730 2,741 2,708 2,713
953
524
691
620
125
566
524
566
96
125
96
3,490 3,657
1,878
2,007 1,840 1,980 1,612 1,650 1,587 1,620

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

33,415 34,387 12,036 12,207 11,508 11,633 21,379 22,180 19,860 20,593
3,257 3,233
1,747
1,665 1,725 1,620 1,509 1,568 1,491
1,548
1,077
1,105
188
185
153
924
151
917
909
910
1,063
1,119
903
214
824
849
213
212
216
891
1,093
1,033
656
368
644
650
426
430
376
663
12,697 13,073
6,727 6,880 6,388 6,554 5,971 6,193 5,114 5,276
3,462 3,490 2,417 2,395 2,391 2,373 1,045 1,095 1,030 1,078
2,341
2,164
1,260
924
1,417 1,247 1,406
886
897
905
1,391
1,453
240
1,235
1,151
217
1,143
218
1,231
236
5,536 5,797
1,789
1,899 1,495 1,614 3,747 3,897 2,928 3,033
54
82
26
25
54
36
18
55
18
32
17,461 18,081
3,562 3,662 3,395 3,459 13,899 14,419 13,255 13,770
291
770
717
332
292
332
438
426
434
423
282
271
849
826
278
544
291
558
515
529
110
104
4,846
69
66
4,789 4,777 4,595 4,587
4,898
258
255
239
2,304 2,298 2,251 2,246
243
2,541
2,562
542
519
325
543
305
580
905
847
292
310
2,079
2,146 1,954 2,000 5,531 6,024 5,179 5,664
8,171
7,611

....

14,791
962
1,844
11,985
5,088
1,853
2,920
2,124

5,780
30
1,571
4,180
1,879
169
1,722
409

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

14,476
967
1,783
11,726
4,992
1,829
2,797
2,107

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

12,936 13,279 11,827
4,265 4,412 4,114
4,634 4,729 4,532
4,036 4,139 3,181

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations




5,057
17
1,572
3,468
1,403
158
1,562
345

8,696
938
212
7,546
3,112
1,660
1,076
1,698

8,869
935
232
7,702
3,084
1,673
1,203
1,741

7,701
773
205
6,723
2,548
1,551
1,029
1,595

7,889
749
210
6,930
2,556
1,583
1,138
1,653

12,193 11,560 11,896
4,154
4,026
4,252
4,666 4,399 4,518
3,224
3,274 3,134

1,109
151
102
855

1,087
160
63
864

1,083
149
100
835

1,070
158
61
852

16,777 16,744 12,374 12,473 11,356 11,475
7,831
7,602 4,612 4,481
4,436 4,327
6,677 6,285 3,897 3,650 3,768 3,538
3,720 3,488 2,584
2,508 2,299
2,365
1,313
2,957
1,260
1,284
1,239
2,797
1,154
715
668
832
789
1,316
4,399
3,983 4,152
3,853 4,023
4,580
3,311
2,813
3,017
2,896
3,399 2,932
1,088
1,051
1,040
1,135
1,127
1,180
4,547 4,562
3,779 3,840 3,067 3,125
605
577
557
619
626
509
3,942 3,936 3,201
3,221
2,558
2,568

4,403
3,219
2,780
1,136
1,644
439
416
380
36
768
27
741

4,270
3,120
2,636
1,123
1,513
485
428
383
45
722
8
714

4,250
3,145
2,729
1,123
1,606
415
405
369
36
700
28
672

4,117
3,044
2,586
1,110
1,476
458
414
369
45
659
8
651

482
192
291

408
155
253

456
192
265

384
154
230

2,960
1,315
1,645

2,722
1,199
1,523

2,478
1,123
1,354

5,922
26
1,613
4,283
2,004
179
1,717
383

2,314
1,044
1,270

4,981
22
1,556
3,403
1,318
155
1,554
375

2,335
1,113
1,222

2,178
1,030
1,148

29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)

Men

Total
Occupation and race

Women

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

106,959
100.0

109,084
100.0

59,484
100.0

60,237
100.0

47,475
100.0

48,846
100.0

24.7
11.6
13.0
31.2
3.0
11.9
16.3
13.5
.9
1.7

24.9
11.8
13.1

25.1
13.1
12.0
20.3

24.0
9.4
14.6
45.0
3.2

24.6
10.1

11.0
12.1

11.0
12.2

15.7
7.3
4.1
4.3
2.8

15.3
7.0
4.2
4.2
2.5

25.2
13.4
11.8
20.2
2.9
11.3
6.0
9.7
.1
2.6
7.0
19.9
20.8
7.8
6.7
6.4
4.2

93,421
100.0

95,036
100.0

25.7
12.2

25.9

13.4
31.8
3.0
12.5
16.3

2.9

13.6
32.0
3.0
12.6
16.4
12.4
.8
1.6
10.0
12.6
14.5
6.5
4.0
4.0
2.6

10,531
100.0

10,809
100.0

15.1
6.4
8.7

15.2
6.5
8.7
27.7
2.4
7.1
18.2
23.2
1.8
2.6
18.8
9.1
23.0
10.1
6.3
6.7
1.7

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

31.5
3.0
12.0
16.6
13.6
.9
1.7

2.8

11.4
6.1
9.8

14.5
45.4
3.2

12.7
29.5
18.2
1.9
.5

3.8

12.6
29.3
18.3
2.0
.4
15.9
2.3
9,3
6.8
.9
1.6
1.0

52,583
100.0

53,090
100.0

40,838
100.0

41,946
100.0

26.3
14.2
12.1
20.6
2.9
12.0
5.7
8.7

26.2
13.7
12.5
20.5
2.8
12.0
5.7

24.9

25.5
10.6
14.9
46.5
3.2

O

0

O
2.7
7.1
20.2
20.7
7.4
6.9
6.4

15.8
2.2
8.7

6.4
.9
1.5
.8

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

12.3
.7

1.6
10.0
12.5
14.8
6.9
4.0

3.9

12.4

8.8

9.8
15.1
46.3
3.2
13.1
30.0
16.9

2.6
6.2
20.8
19.6
7.2
6.5
5.9
4.0

1.6
.4
14.9
2.2
8.6
6.2
.9
1.5
1.1

5,264
100.0

5,415
100.0

5,267
100.0

5,394
100.0

12.2
6.1
6.1
16.3
2.6
4.9
8.9
18.2
.1
4.2
14.0
16.2
33.8
10.5
10.6
12.7
3.3

12.2
6.1
6.0
17.2
1.9
5.7
9.6
18.2
.1
4.1
14.1
16.3
32.9
10.1
11.5
11.4
3.2

18.0
6.7
11.3
36.9

18.3

2.5
6.2
20.4
19.6
7.5
6.4
5.8
4.3

13.3

30.1
16.8
1.7
.4
14.7
2.2
8.1
5.8

.9
1.4
.9

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Less than 0.05 percent.

30




26.6
2.9
6.6
17.1
23.2
2.4
2.4
18.4
9.4
24.0
10.6
5.9
7.5
1.8

3.1
8.4
25.4

28.1
4.7
.7
22.8
2.6
14.1
10.6
1.1
2.4
.2

6.9

11.3
38.2
3.0
8.4
26.8
28.2
3.5
1.2
23.5
2.0

13.0
10.1
1.0
1.9
.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
January 1987
Agriculture

Nonagricultural industries
Age and sex

Wage and salary workers

Total

Private
household Government
workers

Other

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

SelfWage and
employed
salary
workers
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

98,100
5,596
2,222
3,374
12,648
29,426
23,657
14,959
9,827
5,996
3,831
1,988

1,160
232
164
68
117
140
200
196
164
91
73
110

16,510
281
91
190
1,105
4,382
5,059
3,233
2,068
1,288
781
381

80,431
5,083
1,966
3,116
11,426
24,904
18,397
11,530
7,595
4,617
2,978
1,497

8,045
75
39
37
290
2,011
2,313
1,612
1,160
695
465
584

233
11
7
4
16
38
76
41
28
12
16
23

1,335
117
48
69
247
425
223
163
113
67
46
47

1,271
9
3
6
52
248
247
256
263
126
137
197

99
16
8
8
13
14
26
9
19
13
6
3

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

52,675
2,774
1,071
1,703
6,397
16,086
12,697
8,124
5,531
3,363
2,168
1,066

112
38
34
4
8
5
33
9
9
5
4
10

7,766
115
47
68
478
2,028
2,374
1,556
1,021
638
383
194

44,797
2,621
990
1,631
5,911
14,053
10,290
6,559
4,502
2,720
1,781
862

5,380
52
26
26
192
1,308
1,507
1,103
822
476
346
397

20
3
1
3
6
5

1,064
99
40
59
219
329
164
123
92
50
42
38

1,071
7
2
5
48
219
196
199
229
111
118
174

27
11
6
5
9
1
3

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

45,425
2,822
1,150
1,671
6,251
13,339
10,960
6,835
4,296
2,632
1,663
922

1,048
194
130
64
109
134
167
188
155
86
69
100

8,744
166
44
122
627
2,354
2,685
1,677
1,047
650
398
187

35,633
2,461
976
1,485
5,515
10,851
8,107
4,971
3,093
1,897
1,197
635

2,665
24
13
11
98
702
806
509
339
219
119
187

214
8
6
1
11
33
76
41
27
10
16
18

271
18
8
10
28
96
59
41
21
17
4
8

201
1

72
5
2
3
4
12
23
9
19
13
6




1
4
29
51
57
35
15
20
23

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
January 1987
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries .
Professional services...
Public administration

Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

Precision
Farming,
Machine
producHandlers, forestry,
operTransportion,
equipment
and
ators,
tation
craft,
cleaners,
fishing
assemand
and
helpers,
blers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
laborers
inspectors

Total
Executive,
emAdminisTechniadminisployed
trative
cians
ProfesPrivate
trative,
and
sional
Sales support, house- Other1
and
service
including
specialty related
hold
manaclerical
support
gerial

2,705
837
6,941
20,416
12,319
8,097

62
147
824
2,304
1,456
848

63
85
141
1,645
1,167
478

30
30
43
661
479
183

22
7
67
703
291
412

112
98
512
2,455
1,428
1,028

13
7
41
340
189
151

62
252
3,996
3,966
2,818
1,148

5
26
99
6,285
3,488
2,797

33
144
460
798
412
385

14
36
748
1,184
521
663

2,290
4
12
73
70
3

7,731
22,620
4,384
18,236

782
1,836
488
1,348

468
428
92
336

264
97
41
56

318
9,251
1,605
7,646

2,066
2,443
891
1,552

255
4,159
41
4,118

1,353
1,494
322
1,172

112
282
131
151

1,648
914
490
424

456
1,685
276
1,409

9
31
8
23

7,598
35,117
1,173
33,944
22,997
5,118

1,873
3,916
6
3,910
2,170
1,081

150
10,608
9
10,599
9,487
744

136
1,763
6
1,758
1,458
208

1,867
817

3,024
5,923
1
5,922
4,358
1,448

306
7,449
99
7,350
4,331
1,259

121
1,815
15
1,800
392
222

23
749
6
743
205
21

13
523
9
514
295
48

28
366
33
333
80
45

56
227
27
200
54
20

817
167
21

962
962

Includes protective service, not shown separately.

A-26. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers1

Total
Reason not working and sex

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Paid absences
Jan.
1986

Jan.
1987

Unpaid absences

Jan.

Jan.

Jan.

1986

1987

1986

Jan.
1987

Total, 16 years and over ....
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
,
Industrial dispute
All other reasons

3,907
1,184
1,426
162
16
1,120

3,859
1,211
1,361
256
42
989

3,750
1,143
1,389
128
16
1,075

3,705
1,173
1,334
211
42
946

1,411
632
569

1,385
676
498

1,850
384
726

1,769
359
699

)
211

212

740

711

Men, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

2,104
660
786
658

2,039
662
701
677

1,984
631
758
594

1,909
638
676
595

824
391
357

76

733
391
256
86

857
179
341
337

839
167
348
325

Women, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

1,802
523
640
640

1,820
549
661
610

1,767
513
630
625

1,796
535
658
603

587
240
211
135

652
284
242
125

994
205
385
404

931
193
352
386

Excludes private household workers.
Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
2

32



3

Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27. Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
January 1987
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Hours of work
All
industries

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

All
industries

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

105,224

2,551

102,673

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours

25,262
888
4,752
12,706
6,916

888
61
234
428
165

24,374
827
4,518
12,278
6,751

24.0
.8
4.5
12.1
6.6

34.8
2.4
9.2

16.8
6.5

23.7
.8
4.4
12.0
6.6

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

79,962
7,331

78,299
7,212
42,542
28,545

76.0
7.0
41.0
28.1

11,134
10,853
7,543

1,663
119
559
985
197
342
446

10,937
10,512
7,096

10.6
10.3
7.2

65.2
4.7
21.9
38.6
7.7
13.4
17.5

76.3
7.0
41.4
27.8
10.7
10.2
6.9

38.8
43.3

39.8
47.5

Total, 16 years and over

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules

43,101
29,530

38.8
43.2

A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1987
All industries

Nonagricultural industries

Reason for working less than 35 hours

Total

Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons

Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons




Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

Total

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

25,262

7,217

18,045

24,374

6,827

17,547

5,538
2,770
39
155

1,944
1,656
39
155

3,592
1,114

97

1,796
1,515
36
154
91

3,467
1,042

97
2,479

5,263
2,557
36
154
91
2,425

19,724
11,957
775
2,076
779
3
251
1,732
2,149

5,271

14,453
11,957

19,110
11,704
773

5,030

141

2,048
657
3

2,479

775
1,935
779
3

251

2,425

773
1,915
657
3

14,080
11,704

133

1,527

1,732
622

251
1,696
1,978

1,432

1,696
546

21.8
20.7

23.7
25.9

20.7
18.8

21.9
20.8

24.0
26.1

20.8
18.9

1,658
5,258

784
2,707

874
2,551

1,613
5,138

757
2,631

856
2,507

251

33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1987
Industry

Total
at
work

On part
time
for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours
or more
or less
hours

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

102,673

5,263

14,080

83,330

54,785

10,937

17,608

38.8

43.2

94,911

4,613

12,755

77,543

52,109

10,382

15,052

38.7

42.9

765

50

20

695

398

109

188

43.5

45.7

5,357

373

274

4,710

3,473

498

739

38.8

41.3

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

19,436
11,737
7,699

539
199
342

631
300
331

18,266
11,238
7,026

12,032
7,274
4,756

3,009
1,881
1,128

3,225
2,083
1,142

41.6
42.1
40.8

42.9
43.0
42.7

Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

7,077
20,031
6,842

244
1,547
137

368
4,603
650

6,465
13,881
6,055

4,277
8,609
4,150

870
2,094
767

1,318
3,178
1,138

41.5
36.4
40.0

43.6
43.6
42.5

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

30,420
1,135
29,285
4,983

1,663
200
1,463
58

5,965
517
5,448
244

22,792
418
22,374
4,681

15,638
265
15,373
3,535

2,555
46
2,509
480

4,599
107
4,492
666

36.9
25.8
37.3
40.8

42.8
45.8
42.7
42.1

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

7,529
233

639
11

1,232
93

5,658
129

2,613
64

547

2,498
57

40.4
37.6

47.7
50.0

Total, 16 years and over
Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

34




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1987
Sex, age, race, and marital status

Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours
or less

41 hours
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

14,080
3,351
1,930
1,422
10,729
2,021
8,708
4,821
2,715
1,172

83,330
1,653
172
1,481
81,677
9,548
72,129
48,392
22,617
1,118

54,785
1,305
139
1,164
53,480
6,805
46,674
30,770
15,107
796

28,545
348
33
317
28,197
2,743
25,455
17,622
7,510
322

38.8
23.3
16.3
28.0
39.7
36.8
40.0
40.6
40.0
28.9

43.2
39.8
37.6
40.0
43.3
41.8
43.5
43.6
43.2
42.2

29,397
670
84
585
28,729
3,427
25,302
16,421
8,404
477

20,155
216
17
198
19,939
1,707
18,234
12,454
5,545
234

41.6
24.0
17.0
28.5
42.5
38.4
43.1
43.7
43.0
30.6

44.6
40.1
37.5
40.5
44.6
42.6
44.9
45.1
44.6
42.5

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

102,673

97,181

5,263
488
91
396
4,775

12,526
84,655
55,762
26,472
2,420

957
3,818
2,549
1,140
130

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

56,166
2,753
1,067
1,686
53,413
6,376
47,038

2,346
231
47
185
2,114
426
1,687
1,190
422
76

4,268
1,636
919
718
2,631
816

1,815
674
541
599

49,552
886
101
783
48,668
5,134
43,536
28,875
13,949
711

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

46,507
2,739
1,126

25,387
635
54
579
24,752
3,380
21,372
14,350
6,701
320

8,390
133
16
118
8,257
1,036
7,220
5,169
1,967
87

41.2

531
2,131
1,358
718
54

33,777
768
70
697
33,009
4,416
28,592
19,519
8,668
407

22.6
15.7
27.4
36.2
35.2
36.3
36.8
36.0
26.6

39.3

6,151
37,617
25,024
11,560
1,034

9,813
1,715
1,011
704
8,098
1,204
6,894
4,147
2,174
573

35.4:

1,613
43,768

2,917
256
45
212
2,661

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

89,304
49,383
39,921

4,298
1,922
2,375

12,724
3,801
8,923

72,282
43,660
28,623

46,253
25,158
21,095

26,029
18,502
7,528

38.9
41.9
35.2

43.4
44.8
41.4

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

10,249
5,110
5,139

818
363
455

953
320
633

8,478
4,427
4,051

6,718
3,288
3,430

1,760
1,139
621

37.8
39.3
36.3

41.4
42.2
40.4

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

36,956
5,440

1,088
279
978

1,297
247
2,724

34,571
4,914
10,068

19,620
2,957
6,821

14,951
1,957
3,247

43.5
42.1
36.4

45.1
44.4
42.8

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

26,005
9,104

1,480
620
817

5,819
1,115
2,879

18,706
7,369
7,702

14,205
5,404
5,779

4,501
1,965
1,923

35.2
37.7
33.9

41.0
41.7
41.3

5,492
2,193

3,299

30,739
14,912
1,386

O
39.5
41.3

40.9
41.3

41.4
41.2

41.6

RACE

MARITAL STATUS

13,770

11,398

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
January 1987
Average

O n full-times schedules
Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.

36



O n part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part
time

102,672

5,248

26,340
12,467
13,873
33,292
3,119
12,601
17,572
14,278
942
1,787
11,550
12,727
16,036
7,328
4,355
4,352

Total
at
work

Average hours,
hours, workers
49
on fulltotal
41 to 48
hours
time
at work
hours
or more
schedules

Total

40
hours
or less

14,071

83,353

54,742

10,955

17,656

38.8

43.2

531
148
384
1,421
62
768
591
1,510
148
53
1,309
683
1,102
395
253
453

2,394
652
1,742
5,635
375
2,460
2,800
4,112
438
163
3,510
445
1,484
315
378
792

23,415
11,667
11,748
26,235
2,683
9,373
14,180
8,656
356
1,571
6,730
11,598
13,449
6,618
3,723
3,108

13,185
6,121
7,064
18,276
1,925
5,027
11,324
6,391
228
967
5,196
7,650
9,240
4,798
2,085
2,357

3,029
1,624
1,405
3,273
386
1,240
1,647
951
45
255
651
1,717
1,985
1,031
537
417

7,201
3,922
3,279
4,686
372
3,106
1,208
1,315
83
349
883
2,231
2,224
789
1,102
333

42.2
44.2
40.4
37.6
39.3
38.9
36.5
33.0
26.1
41.4
32.3
41.0
39.0
40.0
41.6
34.8

45.0
45.8
44.2
42.5
42.2
45.5
40.5
42.0
45.4
44.6
41.3
42.9
42.6
41.8
45.3
41.2

56,036

2,317

4,227

49,493

29,307

6,891

13,294

41.7

44.6

14,742
7,662
7,080
11,882
1,615
6,679
3,589
5,768
26
1,568
4,174
11,684
11,960
4,334
3,957
3,669

231
81
151
281
23
175
83
440
1
42
397
600
765
185
217
363

664
250
414
998
98
582
318
1,147
14
107
1,026
349
1,068
146
231
692

13,847
7,332
6,515
10,603
1,493
5,922
3,188
4,182
12
1,419
2,751
10,735
10,126
4,004
3,509
2,614

6,843
3,392
3,451
5,861
1,002
2,619
2,240
2,892
4
853
2,035
7,011
6,700
2,772
1,950
1,977

1,741
975
766
1,502
213
808
481
531
229
303
1,612
1,505
643
514
348

5,263
2,964
2,298
3,241
279
2,495
467
758
8
337
412
2,112
1,921
589
1,044
288

44.9
46.0
43.7
42.6
41.6
44.5
39.6
36.6
(2)
42.5
34.3
41.3
39.6
40.9
42.6
34.7

46.6
47.2
45.8
45.4
43.4
47.7
42.1
43.2
(2)
45.0
42.2
43.0
43.2
42.4
45.5
41.2

46,636

2,931

9,844

33,861

25,435

4,064

4,362

35.4

41.3

11,598
4,805
6,794
21,409
1,505
5,922
13,983
8,510
915
218
7,376
1,043
4,076
2,994
398
683

300
67
233
1,141
38
594
509
1,070
147
11
913
83
337
211
36
90

1,730
402
1,328
4,637
277
1,878
2,483
2,964
425
56
2,484
96
416
169
147
99

9,568
4,335
5,233
15,632
1,190
3,451
10,991
4,475
344
152
3,979
863
3,323
2,614
215
494

6,342
2,729
3,613
12,415
923
2,408
9,084
3,498
224
114
3,161
639
2,540
2,026
134
380

1,288
649
639
1,772
174
432
1,166
419
46
26
348
105
480
388
23
69

1,938
958
980
1,445
93
611
741
557
75
12
471
119
303
201
58
45

38.7
41.2
36.9
34.9
36.9
32.6
35.7
30.6
25.8
33.5
31.1
37.6
37.5
38.7
32.1
35.3

42.7
43.4
42.2
40.5
40.7
41.8
40.1
41.0
44.8
41.1
40.6
41.2
41.0
40.8
43.4
40.9

Data not shown where, base is less than 75,000.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1986

1987

Employment status and sex
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

181,361
118,485
65.3
110,583
61.0
1,691
108,892
3,280
105,612
7,902
6.7
62,876

181,512
118,733
65.4
110,248
60.7
1,691
108,557
3,105
105,452
8,485
7.1
62,779

181,678
118,880
65.4
110,500
60.8
1,693
108,807
3,252
105,555
8,380
7.0
62,798

181,843
118,987
65.4
110,664
60.9
1,695
108,969
3,199
105,770
8,323
7.0
62,856

181,998
119,274
65.5
110,852
60.9
1,687
109,165
3,151
106,014
8,422
7.1
62,724

182,183
119,685
65.7
111,293
61.1
1,680
109,613
3,164
106,449
8,392
7.0
62,498

182,354
119,789
65.7
111,559
61.2
1,672
109,887
3,124
106,763
8,230
6.9
62,565

182,525
119,821
65.6
111,764
61.2
1,697
110,067
3,057
107,010
8,057
6.7
62,704

182,713
119,988
65.7
111,703
61.1
1,716
109,987
3,142
106,845
8,285
6.9
62,725

182,935
120,163
65.7
111,941
61.2
1,749
110,192
3,162
107,030
8,222
6.8
62,772

183,114
120,426
65.8
112,183
61.3
1,751
110,432
3,215
107,217
8,243
6.8
62,688

183,297
120,336
65.7
112,387
61.3
1,750
110,637
3,161
107,476
7,949
6.6
62,961

183,575
120,782
65.8
112,759
61.4
1,748
111,011
3,145
107,866
8,023
6.6
62,793

86,882
66,666
76.7
62,392
71.8
1,539
60,853
4,274
6.4
20,216

86,954
66,737
76.7
62,142
71.5
1,539
60,603
4,595
6.9
20,217

87,035
66,793
76.7
62,221
71.5
1,540
60,681
4,572
6.8
20,242

87,120
66,770
76.6
62,253
71.5
1,541
60,712
4,517
6.8
20,350

87,195
66,854
76.7
62,201
71.3
1,533
60,668
4,653
7.0
20,341

87,288
66,937
76.7
62,318
71.4
1,525
60,793
4,619
6.9
20,351

87,373
66,968
76.6
62,402
71.4
1,518
60,884
4,566
6.8
20,405

87,460
66,911
76.5
62,483
71.4
1,541
60,942
4,428
6.6
20,549

87,556
67,128
76.7
62,528
71.4
1,560
60,968
4,600
6.9
20,428

87,682
67,130
76.6
62,565
71.4
1,590
60,975
4,565
6.8
20,552

87,773
67,407
76.8
62,833
71.6
1,592
61,241
4,574
6.8
20,366

87,868
67,425
76.7
62,986
71.7
1,593
61,393
4,439
6.6
20,443

88,020
67,672
76.9
63,187
71.8
1,591
61,596
4,484
6.6
20,348

94,479
51,819
54.8
48,191
51.0
152
48,039
3,628
7.0
42,660

94,558
51,996
55.0
48,106
50.9
152
47,954
3,890
7.5
42,562

94,643
52,087
55.0
48,279
51.0
153
48,126
3,808
7.3
42,556

94,723
52,217
55.1
48,411
51.1
154
48,257
3,806
7.3
42,506

94,803
52,420
55.3
48,651
51.3
154
48,497
3,769
7.2
42,383

94,895
52,748
55.6
48,975
51.6
155
48,820
3,773
7.2
42,147

94,981
52,821
55.6
49,157
51.8
154
49,003
3,664
6.9
42,160

95,065
52,910
55.7
49,281
51.8
156
49,125
3,629
6.9
42,155

95,156
52,860
55.6
49,175
51.7
156
49,019
3,685
7.0
42,296

95,253
53,033
55.7
49,376
51.8
159
49,217
3,657
6.9
42,220

95,341
53,019
55.6
49,350
51.8
159
49,191
3,669
6.9
42,322

95,429
52,911
55.4
49,401
51.8
157
49,244
3,510
6.6
42,518

95,556
53,110
55.6
49,572
51.9
157
49,415
3,538
6.7
42,446

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4 .„
Not in labor force

Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
5
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
1
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident




Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1986
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

1987
Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec

Jan.

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

179,670 179,821 179,985 180,148 180,311 180,503 180,682 180,828 180,997 181,186 181,363 181,547 181,827
116,794 117,042 117,187 117,292 117,587 118,005 118,117 118,124 118,272 118,414 118,675 118,586 119,034
65.5
65.1
65.0
65.3
65.2
65.1
65.4
65.3
65.4
65.4
65.1
65.4
65.3
108,892 108,557 108,807 108,969 109,165 109,613 109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011
61.1
60.4
60.6
60.9
60.5
60.5
60.8
60.8
60.8
60.7
60.5
60.9
60.9
7,902 8,485 8,380 8,323 8,422 8,392 8,230 8,057 8,285 8,222 8,243 7,949 8,023
6.7
7.2
6.8
6.7
7.2
7.1
6.9
7.0
7.0
7.1
7.2
6.9
6.8

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

78,101 78,171 78,236
61,143 61,092 61,177
78.2
78.2
78.3
57,599 57,296 57,388
73.3
73.7
73.4
2,340 2,261 2,389
55,259 55,035 54,999
3,544 3,796 3,789
6.2
6.2
5.8
16,958 17,079 17,059

78,309 78,387 78,484 78,586 78,634 78,722 78,802 78,874
61,158 61,330 61,355 61,219 61,412 61,409 61,703
78.0
77.9
78.1
78.1
78.0
77.9
78.2
57,338 57,522 57,544 57,585 57,607 57,595 57,883
73.1
73.3
73.2
73.2
73.2
73.4
73.1
2,279 2,309 2,275 2,185 2,286 2,297 2,303
55,059 55,213 55,269 55,400 55,321 55,298 55,580
3,820 3,808 3,811 3,634 3,805 3,814 3,820
6.2
6.2
6.2 A 6 2
6.2
5.9
6.2

78,973
61,826
78.3
58,101
73.6
2,289
55,812
3,725
6.0

79,132
61,948

87,355
48,181
55.2
45,094
51.6
585
44,509

88,016
48,923
55.6
46,058
52.3
621
45,437
2,865
5.9
39,093

88,150

61,080
78.0
57,392
73.3
2,319
55,073
3,688
6.0
17,229

17,229 17,154 17,231 17,415 17,310 17,393 17,171

78.3
58,227
73.6
2,254
55,974
3,720
6.0
17,147 17,184

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

87,112
47,897
55.0
44,952
51.6
677
44,275
2,945
6.1
39,215

87,185
48,009
55.1
44,820
51.4
591
44,229
3,189
6.6
39,176

87,263
48,065
55.1
44,934
51.5
589
44,345
3,131
6.5
39,198

87,444 87,547 87,629 87,689 87,779 87,856 87,933
48,433 48,739 48,879 48,950 48,920 49,014 49,043
55.7
55.4
55.8
55.8
55.7
55.8
55.8
45,335 45,657 45,869 45,956 45,905 46,020 46,067
52.2
52.4
52.3
51.8
52.4
52.3
52.4
583
612
607
675
614
622
604
44,731 45,074 45,262 45,334 45,291 45,408 45,392
2,994 3,015 2,994 2,976
3,087 3,098 3,082 3,010
6.4
6.1
6.2
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.1
6.4
39,174 39,011 38,808 38,750 38,739 38,859 38,842 38,890

49,161
55.8
46,261
52.5
628
45,633
2,900
5.9
38,989

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14,458 14,465 14,485 14,484 14,480 14,472 14,467 14,505 14,496 14,527 14,557 14,558 14,545
7,754 7,941 7,945 8,031 7,996 7,936 7,883 7,955 7,940 7,991 7,929 7,837 7,926
54.5
53.8
55.0
54.8
54.5
54.8
54.5
54.8
55.2
55.4
54.9
53.6
54.9
6,341 6,441 6,485 6,483 6,492 6,434 6,474 6,526 6,475 6,577 6,482 6,478 6,524
44.9
44.5
45.3
44.7
44.5
45.0
44.8
44.5
44.8
44.8
44.5
43.9
44.8
264
253
242
251
237
242
272
268
250
295
253
263
274
6,078 6,188 6,211 6,188 6,224 6,162 6,232 6,276 6,233 6,324 6,245 6,227 6,260
1,413 1,500 1,460 1,548 1,504 1,502 1,409 1,429 1,465 1,414 1,447 1,359 1,402
17.7
17.7
17.3
18.2
18.5
18.9
18.0
17.9
18.8
19.3
18.4
18.9
18.2
6,704 6,524 6,540 6,453 6,484 6,536 6,584 6,550 6,556 6,536 6,626 6,721 6,619

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.

38



HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1986
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

1987

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

154,784 154,889 155,005 155,122 155,236 155,376 155,502 155,604 155,723 155,856 155,979 156,111 156,313
100,993 101,178 101,208 101,237 101,531 101,946 102,015 102,122 102,158 102,297 102,455 102,503 102,746
65.7
65.7
65.4
65.3
65.2
65.7
65.6
65.6
65.6
65.3
65.3
65.6
65.6
95,099 94,780 94,955 95,095 95,283 95,720 95,861 96,177 96,000 96,147 96,281 96,533 96,717
61.9
61.7
61.6
61.6
61.4
61.3
61.3
61.2
61.4
61.8
61.7
61.6
61.8
5,894
6,029
5,970
6,174
6,158
6,248 6,226 6,154
6,150
6,398 6,253 6,142
5,945
5.9
5.8
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.1
6.2
6.3
5.8
6.0
6.0
5.8

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

53,558 53,538 53,532 53,444 53,532 53,651 53,639 53,583 53,727 53,757 54,015 54,172 54,182
78.4
78.3
78.7
78.4
78.4
78.5
78.5
78.6
78.6
78.8
78.7
78.3
78.2
50,864 50,629 50,615 50,663 50,628 50,762 50,731 50,877 50,845 50,845 51,089 51,286 51,297
74.1
74.2
74.5
74.1
74.2
74.1
74.2
74.2
74.7
74.6
74.4
74.3
74.3
2,889
2,904
2,917
2,885
2,912
2,908 2,706 2,882
2,781
2,909
2,694
2,886
2,926
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.3
5.4
5.4
5.2
5.0
5.3
5.1

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..,
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

40,724 40,750 40,826 40,890 41,103 41,424 41,584 41,640 41,547 41,598 41,540 41,514 41,680
54.5
55.1
54.8
54.5
54.4
55.2
55.2
54.4
55.1
55.4
55.0
55.2
55.3
38,535 38,365 38,519 38,651 38,854 39,179 39,368 39,466 39,365 39,431 39,399 39,456 39,568
52.2
51.8
51.5
51.4
52.3
51.2
51.5
52.4
52.3
52.5
52.3
52.3
52.4
2,245 2,216
2,239 2,249
2,307
2,182
2,385
2,189
2,111
2,141
2,174
2,058
2,167
5.4
5.5
5.7
5.3
5.5
5.9
5.4
5.1
5.2
5.2
5.0
5.2
5.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
,
Men
Women

6,711
56.6
5,700
48.0
1,011
15.1
15.0
15.1

6,890
58.1
5,786
48.8
1,104
16.0
16.6
15.4

6,850
57.8
5,821
49.1
1,029
15.0
15.9
14.1

6,903
58.1
5,781
48.7
1,122
16.3
17.1
15.4

6,896
58.1
5,801
48.8
1,095
15.9
17.0
14.7

6,871
57.9
5,779
48.7
1,092
15.9
17.1
14.6

6,792
57.2
5,762
48.5
1,030
15.2
15.6
14.7

6,899
58.1
5,834
49.1
1,065
15.4
16.6
14.2

6,884
57.9
5,790
48.7
1,094
15.9
16.6
15.1

6,942
58.4
5,871
49.4
1,071
15.4
15.7
15.2

6,900
58.0
5,793
48.7
1,107
16.0
16.3
15.7

6,817
57.3
5,791
48.7
1,026
15.1
15.5
14.6

6,885
57.8
5,852
49.2
1,033
15.0
16.1
13.8

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

19,837 19,863 19,889 19,916 19,943 19,974 20,002 20,028 20,056 20,089 20,120 20,152 20,187
12,561 12,572 12,634 12,687 12,721 12,712 12,611 12,553 12,652 12,720 12,719 12,707 12,831
63.1
63.7
63.6
63.1
63.2
63.3
62.7
63.0
63.6
63.3
63.8
63.5
63.3
10,723 10,704 10,770 10,809 10,839 10,818 10,822 10,716 10,799 10,895 10,910 10,968 10,997
54.4
54.2
53.8
54.1
54.2
54.1
54.5
54.2
53.5
54.3
54.3
54.2
53.9
1,739
1,825
1,853
1,789
1,894
1,838
1,833
1,809
1,837
1,882
1,878
1,864
1,868
13.7
14.3
14.6
14.2
14.9
14.6
14.3
14.2
14.6
14.8
14.8
14.8
14.9

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,890
75.2
5,131
65.5
759
12.9

5,866
74.7
5,088
64.8
778
13.3

5,902
75.1
5,149
65.5
753
12.8

5,904
75.0
5,149
65.4
755
12.8

5,924
75.1
5,161
65.4
763
12.9

5,948
75.3
5,157
65.3
791
13.3

5,939
75.0
5,170
65.3
769
12.9

5,885
74.2
5,110
64.5
775
13.2

5,906
74.4
5,116
64.5
790
13.4

5,932
74.6
5,153
64.8
779
13.1

5,934
74.5
5,171
65.0
763
12.9

5,947
74.5
5,244
65.7
703
11.8

5,986
74.9
5,256
65.7
730
12.2

5,772
58.5
5,066
51.4
706
12.2

5,792
58.6
5,068
51.3
724
12.5

5,799
58.6
5,084
51.4
715
12.3

5,853
59.1
5,120
51.7
733
12.5

5,876
59.2
5,130
51.7
746
12.7

5,848
58.8
5,107
51.4
741
12.7

5,848
58.8
5,141
51.6
707
12.1

5,841
58.6
5,112
51.3
729
12.5

5,872
58.8
5,145
51.5
727
12.4

5,909
59.1
5,178
51.8
731
12.4

5,943
59.3
5,200
51.9
743
12.5

5,907
58.9
5,182
51.7
725
12.3

5,984
59.6
5,221
52.0
763
12.8

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1987

1986
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population ..
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ..
Men
Women .

899
42.0
526
24.6
373
41.5
41.1
41.9

914
42.8
548
25.6
366
40.0
39.5
40.7

933
43.7
537
25.2
396
42.4
42.6
42.2

930
43.5
540
25.3
390
41.9
41.2
42.7

921
43.2
548
25.7
373
40.5
40.5
40.5

824
38.7
511
24.0
313
38.0
40.5
35.0

916
42.9
554
26.0
362
39.5
39.7
39.4

827
38.8
494
23.1
333
40.3
38.8
41.9

874
40.9
538
25.2
336
38.4
38.6
38.3

879
41.1
564
26.3
315
35.8
37.8
33.8

842
39.3
539
25.1
303
36.0
35.0
37.0

853
39.8
542
25.3
311
36.5
36.1
36.9

860
40.1
520
24.2
340
39.5
36.5
43.2

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population ..
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .

12,148 12,184 12,219 12,255 12,290 12,326 12,362 12,397 12,432 12,469 12,505 12,540 12,653
8,130
7,796 7,922 7,926 7,969 8,006 8,085 8,121
8,200 8,226 8,320 8,431
8,179
66.6
65.7
65.6
65.1
65.0
64.9
65.0
64.2
66.3
65.8
65.8
65.8
65.6
7,224 7,269 7,248 7,286 7,345 7,437 7,446 7,538
6,994 6,991
7,095 7,129 7,136
58.8
58.6
58.1
58.2
58.1
57.4
57.6
59.6
59.4
59.5
58.5
58.9
58.6
852
861
870
840
831
931
802
893
874
789
882
855
893
11.8
10.5
10.6
10.9
10.5
10.5
10.3
10.6
10.5
9.6
10.8
10.4
10.9

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
' Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987

1986
Category
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

CHARACTERISTIC
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

108,892 108,557 108,807 108,969 109,165 109,613 109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011
39,558 39,363 39,396 39,504 39,582 39,613 39,634 39,735 39,691 39,780 39,952 40,093 40,102
26,820 26,695 26,761 26,889 27,016 27,354 27,474 27,388 27,249 27,323 27,333 27,400 27,525
5,703 5,723 5,754 5,799 5,734 5,719
5,812
5,832 5,926 6,016
6,041
6,005 5,985

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF |
WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,642
1,482
165

1,512
1,444
158

1,655
1,450
169

1,539
1,467
173

1,489
1,472
177

1308
1,492
163

1,504
1,434
171

1,509
1,387
174

1,521
1,460
159

1,562
1,451
164

1,582
1,425
198

1,621
1,400
152

1,650
1,370
136

97,752
16,333
81,419
1,245
80,174
7,693
271

97,500
16,155
81,345
1,208
80,137
7,711
261

97,661
16,160
81,501
1,227
80,274
7,713
243

97,858
16,231
81,627
1,309
80,318
7,634
251

98,047
16,333
81,714
1,261
80,453
7,793
235

98,314
16,377
81,937
1,267
80,670
7,832
236

98,312
16,582
81,730
1,241
80,489
8,019
258

98,586
16,446
82,140
1,247
80,893
7,956
271

98,692
16,333
82,359
1,229
81,130
7,939
275

98,846
16,264
82,582
1,216
81,366
7,993
265

98,869
16,457
82,412
1,183
81,229
8,179
252

99,164
16,443
82,721
1,189
81,532
8,056
239

99,550
16,412
83,138
1,269
81,869
8,192
246

All industries:
Part time for economic reasons .
Slack work
Could only find part-time work ..
Voluntary part time

5,551
2,377
2,870
13,877

5,446 5,548 5,853 5,825 5,538 5,442 5,471
2,385 2,352 2,534 2,605 2,437 2,473 2,417
2,724 2,908 2,922 2,843 2,813 2,661
2,741
13,800 13,778 13,900 13,853 14,142 13,967 13,981

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons .
Slack work
Could only find part-time work .
Voluntary part time

5,297 5,214
2,231
2,242
2,770 2,669
13,386 13,354

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME
5,544 5,740 5,563 5,596 5,505
2,472 2,481
2,510 2,444 2,473
2,695
2,772 2,826 2,714 2,867
13,922 14,178 14,021 13,877 14,170

5,295 5,567 5,569 5,322 5,222 5,269 5,303 5,450
2,314
2,283 2,314
2,160 2,382 2,485 2,307 2,317
2,739
2,819 2,806 2,749 2,727 2,609 2,678 2,710
13,351 13,528 13,412 13,613 13,578 13,606 13,520 13,736

5,319
2,366
2,626
13,567

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

40




5,342 5,201
2,286 2,281
2,765 2,599
13,455 13,750

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987

1986
Sex and age

|
Jan.

Total, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years ....
16 to 19 years ....
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 years and over ..
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .
Men, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years ....
16 to 19 years ....
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 years and over ..
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .,
Women, 16 years and over..
16 to 24 years ....
16 to 19 years ....
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 years and over ..
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

July

June

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

108,892 108,557 108,807 108,969 109,165 109,613 109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011
20,288
6,341
2,481
3,871
13 947
88,573
74,238
14,336

20,450
6,441
2,554
3,897
14,009
88,119
73,926
14,131

20,418 20,298 20,211 20,250 20,268
6,474
6,434
6,492
6,483
6,485
2,612
2,619
2,652
2,605
2,611
3,873
3,842
3,877
3,830
3,821
13,933 13,815 13,719 13,816 13,794
88,422 88,650 88,916 89,387 89,730
74,164 74,398 74,464 74,894 75,207
14,230 14,266 14,352 14,501 14,447

60,853

60,603

60,681

10,640 10,735
3,307
3,254
1,328
1,273
1,996
1,989
7,428
7,386
50,193 49,899
41,701 41,542
8,329
8,480

60,712

20,281 20,163
6,475
6,526
2,670
2,593
3,804
3,903
13,755 13,688
89,792 89,796
75,405 75,582
14,445 14,269

20,263
6,577
2,714
3,877
13,686
89,899
75,714
14,223

20,201
6,482
2,648
3,843
13,719
90,221
75,889
14,341

20,093
6,478
2,717
3,771
13,615
90,524
76,247
14,349

20,237
6,524
2,713
3,816
13,713
90,725
76,281
14,450
61,596

60,668

60,793

60,884

60,942

60,968

60,975

61,241

61,393

10,661 10,576 10,496
3,330
3,320
3,293
1,367
1,356
1,355
1,960
1,960
1,942
7,166
7,256
7,368
50,057 50,142 50,152
41,626 41,720 41,637
8,411
8,462
8,426

10,509
3,271
1,350
1,923
7,238
50,267
41,853
8,441

10,590
3,340
1,357
1,970
7,250
50,321
41,884
8,402

10,567
3,357
1,325
2,005
7,210
50,393
42,050
8,357

10,528 10,587
3,380
3,361
1,391
1,399
2,003
1,965
7,207
7,-167
50,419 50,348
42,124 42,049
8,329
8,323

10,546
3,358
1,353
2,009
7,188
50,705
42,278
8,428

10,449 10,526
3,369
3,292
1,395
1,373
1,974
1,933
7,156
7,157
50,943 51,053
42,485 42,569
8,458
8,507

48,039

47,954

48,126

48,257

48,497

48,820

49,003

49,125

49,019

49,217

49,191

49,244

49,415

9,648
3,087
1,208
1,882
6,561
38,380
32,537
5,856

9,715
3,134
1,226
1,901
6,581
38,220
32,384
5,802

9,757
3,192
1,297
1,935
6,565
38,365
32,538
5,819

9,722
3,163
1,263
1,882
6,559
38,508
32,678
5,840

9,715
3,162
1,245
1,913
6,553
38,764
32,827
5,890

9,741
3,163
1,261
1,898
6,578
39,120
33,041
6,060

9,678
3,134
1,248
1,860
6,544
39,409
33,323
6,045

9,714
3,169
1,268
1,898
6,545
39,399
33,355
6,088

9,635
3,114
1,271
1,839
6,521
39,377
33,458
5,946

9,676
3,197
1,323
1,874
6,479
39,551
33,665
5,894

9,655
3,124
1,295
1,834
6,531
39,516
33,611
5,913

9,644
3,186
1,344
1,838
6,458
39,581
33,762
5,842

9,711
3,154
1,318
1,842
6,557
39,672
33,712
5,992

A-37. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987

1986
Sex and age
Jan.
Total, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years ....
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 years and over ..
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years ....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over




7,902

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

8,485

8,380

8,323

8,422

June
8,392

July
8,230

Aug.
8,057

Sept.

Oct

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

8,285

8,222

8,243

7,949

8,023

3,005
1,447
686
768
1,558
5,230
4,630
571

2,986
1,359
629
737
1,627
4,961
4,422
527

3,045
1,402
683
735
1,643
5,024
4,552
All

3,056
1,413
658
770
1,643
4,884
4,307
581

3,206
1,500
704
806
1,706
5,275
4,641
631

3,125
1,460
653
808
1,665
5,239
4,615
623

3,218
1,548
686
868
1,670
5,097
4,521
576

3,242
1,504
686
816
1,738
5,161
4,634
556

3,157
1,502
681
813
1,655
5,212
4,677
569

3,071
1,409
642
740
1,662
5,148
4,584
574

3,001
1,429
641
787
1,572
5,087
4,525
561

3,173
1,465
668
790
1,708
5,130
4,523
587

3,022
1,414
647
766
1,608
5,197
4,597
603

4,274

4,595

4,572

4,517

4,653

4,619

4,566

4,428

4,600

4,565

4,574

4,439

4,484

1,598
730
344
401
868
2,712
2,359
345

1,694
799
395
414
895
2,906
2,528
373

1,694
783
349
434
911
2,867
2,494
364

1,757
829
363
467
928
2,758
2,420
348

1,778
833
369
464
945
2,855
2,536
344

1,699
811
337
463
888
2,885
2,551
363

1,660
755
345
395
905
2,896
2,548
350

1,625
794
350
441
831
2,835
2,471
356

1,761
795
373
416
966
2,857
2,472
364

1,615
751
344
409
864
2,945
2,558
385

1,635
754
366
388
881
2,931
2,568
361

1,623
714
325
395
909
2,809
2,462
351

1,626
764
380
401
862
2,901
2,578
310

3,628

3,890

3,808

3,806

3,769

3,773

3,664

3,629

3,685

3,657

3,669

3,510

3,538

1,458
683
314
369
775
2,172
1,948
236

1,512
701
309
392
811
2,369
2,113
258

1,431
677
304
374
754
2,372
2,121
259

1,461
719
323
401
742
2,339
2,101
228

1,464
671
317
352
793
2,306
2,098
212

1,458
691
344
350
767
2,327
2,126
206

1,411
654
297
345
757
2,252
2,036
224

1,376
635
291
346
741
2,252
2,054
205

1,412
670
295
374
742
2,273
2,051
223

1,407
663
303
357
744
2,252
2,039
218

1,370
693
320
380
677
2,299
2,062
210

1,363
645
304
342
718
2,152
1,960
176

1,419
638
303
334
781
2,124
1,974
167

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1987

1986
Sex and age
Jan.
Total, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Feb. T

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

6.8

7.2

7.2

7.1

7.2

7.1

7.0

6.8

7.0

6.9

6.9

6.7

6.7

13.1
18.2
21.0
16.6
10.5
5.2
5.5
3.9

13.6
18.9
21.6
17.1
10.9
5.6
5.9
4.3

13.3
18.4
19.8
17.2
10.7
5.6
5.9
4.2

13.7
19.3
20.8
18.4
10.8
5.4
5.7
3.9

13.8
18.8
20.8
17.4
11.2
5.5
5.9
3.7

13.5
18.9
20.7
17.5
10.7
5.5
5.9
3.8

13.2
17.9
19.8
16.2
10.8
5.4
5.7
3.8

12.9
18.0
19.8
16.8
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.7

13.6
18.5
20.0
17.2
11.1
5.4
5.6
4.0

13.0
17.7
19.3
16.5
10.5
5.5
5.7
4.1

12.9
18.2
20.6
16.7
10.2
5.5
5.8
3.8

12.9
17.3
18.8
16.3
10.7
5.2
5.5
3.5

13.1
17.7
20.1
16.2
10.7
5.2
5.6
3.2

6.6

7.0

7.0

6.9

7.1

7.1

7.0

6.8

7.0

7.0

6.9

6.7

6.8

13.1
18.3
21.3
16.8
10.5
5.1
5.4
3.9

13.6
19.5
22.9
17.2
10.8
5.5
5.7
4.3

13.7
19.2
20.5
18.3
11.0
5.4
5.7
4.1

14.2
20.0
21.1
19.2
11.3
5.2
5.5
4.0

14.5
20.0
21.3
19.1
11.7
5.4
5.7
3.9

13.9
19.9
20.0
19.4
10.9
5.4
5.7
4.1

13.6
18.4
20.3
16.7
11.1
5.4
5.7
4.0

13.3
19.1
20.9
18.0
10.3
5.3
5.6
4.1

14.3
19.1
21.0
17.5
11.9
5.4
5.5
4.2

13.2
18.2
19.8
17.0
10.7
5.5
5.7
4.4

13.4
18.3
21.3
16.2
10.9
5.5
5.7
4.1

13.4
17.8
19.1
17.0
11.3
5.2
5.5
4.0

13.4
18.5
21.4
16.9
10.7
5.4
5.7
3.5

7.0

7.5

7.3

7.3

7.2

7.2

7.0

6.9

7.0

6.9

6.9

6.7

6.7

13.1
18.1
20.6
16.4
10.6
5.4
5.6
3.9

13.5
18.3
20.1
17.1
11.0
5.8
6.1
4.3

12.8
17.5
19.0
16.2
10.3
5.8
6.1
4.3

13.1
18.5
20.4
17.6
10.2
5.7
6.0
3.8

13.1
17.5
20.3
15.5
10.8
5.6
6.0
3.5

13.0
17.9
21.4
15.6
10.4
5.6
6.0
3.3

12.7
17.3
19.2
15.6
10.4
5.4
5.8
3.6

12.4
16.7
18.7
15.4
10.2
5.4
5.8
3.3

12.8
17.7
18.8
16.9
10.2
5.5
5.8
3.6

12.7
17.2
18.6
16.0
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.6

12.4
18.2
19.8
17.2
9.4
5.5
5.8
3.4

12.4
16.8
18.4
15.7
10.0
5.2
5.5
2.9

12.7
16.8
18.7
15.3
10.6
5.1
5.5
2.7

A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1987

1986
Category
Apr.

May

June

July

Aug. Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Jan.

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over ...
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..

6.8
5.8
6.1
18.2

7.2
6.2
6.6
18.9

7.2
6.2
6.5
18.4

7.1
6.0
6.4
19.3

7.2
6.2
6.4
18.8

7.1
6.2
6.3
18.9

7.0
6.2
6.2
17.9

6.8
5.9
6.1
18.0

7.0
6.2
6.2
18.5

6.9
6.2
6.1
17.7

6.9
6.2
6.1
18.2

6.7
6.0
5.9
17.3

6.7
6.0
5.9
17.7

5.8
13.1
14.6
10.3

6.3
13.3
14.9
11.8

6.2
13.4
14.8
10.5

6.1
13.5
14.8
10.5

6.2
13.5
14.8
10.9

6.1
13.5
14.9
10.6

6.0
12.7
14.2
10.5

5.8
13.1
14.6
10.8

6.0
13.1
14.6
10.9

6.0
12.7
14.3
10.4

6.0
12.7
14.2
9.6

5.8
12.3
13.7
10.5

5.9
12.6
14.3
10.6

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present.
Women who maintain families .. ,

4.3
5.1
9.9

4.5
5.5
9.9

4.5
5.5
10.1

4.2
5.3
9.5

4.4
5.3
10.1

4.5
5.2
10.0

4.4
5.2
9.5

4.2
5.1
10.1

4.3
5.1
9.8

4.6
5.0
8.9

4.5
5.0
9.7

4.3
4.8
9.8

4.2
4.8
9.8

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1 .
Labor force time lost2

6.5
8.7
1.8
7.7

6.9
9.3
2.0
8.1

6.8
9.1
1.9
8.1

6.7
9.4
1.8
8.1

6.9
9.1
1.9
8.2

6.7
9.1
1.9
8.1

6.6
9.2
1.9
7.8

6.4
9.3
1.9
7.7

6.6
9.3
2.0
7.9

6.6
9.2
1.8
7.8

6.6
9.1
1.9
7.7

6.3
8.8
1.8
7.6

6.4
9.0
1.8
7.6

6.8
10.7
12.8
7.1
7.0
7.2
4.5
7.3
5.3
11.5

7.2
9.5
13.0
7.3
7.4
7.1
5.3
7.8
5.9
13.8

7.1
10.5
13.0
7.2
6.9
7.6
5.8
7.7
5.6
12.1

7.1
12.4
12.3
6.9
6.9
6.9
5.5
7.9
5.8
13.4

7.2
13.6
13.0
7.4
7.3
7.5
5.3
7.9
5.5
15.3

7.1
17.3
12.4
7.2
7.0
7.5
5.4
7.7
5.5
13.2

7.1
16.6
13.0
6.9
6.7
7.2
5.5
7.8
5.7
11.4

6.9
16.6
12.4
6.9
6.8
6.9
4.8
7.5
5.6
13.3

7.0
13.9
12.9
7.0
6.5
7.7
4.7
7.6
5.6
12.9

7.0
14.5
13.8
7.3
7.2
7.3
5.2
7.4
5.4
11.9

7.0
14.5
15.1
7.1
6.6
7.9
4.4
7.2
5.4
10.1

6.8
14.1
13.7
6.9
6.4
7.7
4.6
7.2
5.1
11.5

6.7
14.0
12.2
6.8
6.8
6.8
4.8
7.5
5.2
11.6

White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
1

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time

42



for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1986

Weeks of unemployment

1987

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

3,373
2,505
2,117
1,003
1,114

3,534
2,615
2,332
1,142
1,190

3,536
2,625
2,243
1,078
1,165

3,565
2,650
2,130
982
1,148

3,610
2,671
2,232
1,065
1,167

3,415
2,650
2,299
1,038
1,261

3,399
2,521
2,250
1,058
1,192

3,436
2,407
2,272
1,068
1,204

3,415
2,524
2,373
1,110
1,263

3,418
2,563
2,168
950
1,218

3,382
2,613
2,217
1,045
1,172

3,355
2,389
2,171
1,023
1,148

3,416
2,530
2,200
1,022
1,178

15.0
6.8

15.2
6.9

14.6
6.8

14.7
6.6

14.8
6.8

15.2
7.2

15.1
7.1

15.6
7.1

15.5
7.1

15.2
7.0

14.8
7.0

15.0
7.1

15.0
7.0

100.0
42.2
31.3
26.5
12.5
13.9

100.0
41.7
30.8
27.5
13.5
14.0

100.0
42.1
31.2
26.7
12.8
13.9

100.0
42.7
31.8
25.5
11.8
13.8

100.0
42.4
31.4
26.2
12.5
13.7

100.0
40.8
31.7
27.5
12.4
15.1

100.0
41.6
30.9
27.5
12.9
14.6

100.0
42.3
29.7
28.0
13.2
14.8

100.0
41.1
30.4
28.5
13.4
15.2

100.0
41.9
31.5
26.6
11.7
14.9

100.0
41.2
31.8
27.0
12.7
14.3

100.0
42.4
30.2
27.4
12.9
14.5

100.0
41.9
31.1
27.0
12.5
14.5

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1987

1986
Reasons for unemployment
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

3,802
1,143
2,659
977
2,083
1,029

4,147
1,136
3,011

4,210
1,144
3,066

4,214
1,118
3,096

989

2,196
1,006

2,200
1,046

4,063
1,078
2,985
1,025
2,205

3,984
1,072
2,912
1,027
2,190

989

2,199
1,014

4,044
1,029
3,015
1,041
2,145
1,038

972

3,947
1,073
2,874
1,056
2,119
1,076

3,890
1,078
2,812
1,036
2,019
1,015

3,971
1,118
2,854

985

4,272
1,074
3,198
1,009
2,107
1,050

3,824
1,017
2,807

2,263
1,073

4,035
1,057
2,978
1,071
2,188
1,048

100.0
48.2
14.5
33.7
12.4
26.4
13.0

100.0
49.0
13.4
35.6
11.6
26.7
12.7

100.0
50.1
13.6
36.5
11.8
26.1
12.0

100.0
48.4
12.7
35.7
12.8
26.2
12.6

100.0
49.9
13.2
36.7
11.6
26.1
12.4

100.0
50.6
12.7
37.9
12.0
25.0
12.4

100.0
49.1
13.0
36.0
12.4
26.6
11.9

100.0
47.6
12.7
35.0
12.3
27.4
12.6

100.0
48.9
12.4
36.5
12.6
25.9
12.6

100.0
48.7
13.1
35.6
12.6
26.8
11.9

100.0
48.1
13.1
35.1
12.9
25.8
13.1

100.0
48.9
13.5
35.3
13.0
25.4
12.8

100.0
49.6
14.0
35.7
11.1
25.7
13.6

3.3
.8
1.8
.9

3.5

3.6

3.6

3.4

3.2

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.3

.8
1.9
.9

3.4
.9
1.9
.9

3.6

.8
1.9

.8
1.9
.9

.9
1.8
.9

.9
1.9
.8

.8
1.9
.9

.9
1.8
.9

.9
1.8
.8

.9
1.8
.9

.9
1.7

3.3
.7
1.7
.9

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

.

.

979

990

891

2,054
1,084

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

..

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




.9

.9

43

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1935 to date
(In thousands)
Goods-producing
Year
and
month

Total

Total
private

Total

Mining

Construction

Service-producing

Manufacturing

Total

Transportation
and
public
utilities

Wholesale
trade

Retail
trade

Finance,
insurance,
and
Services
real
estate

Government

Federal

State

Annual averages
,320
,373
,417
,410
,447

3,128
3,312
3,503
3,458
3,502

753
826
833
829
905

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

5,251
5,212
5,160
5,214
5,365
6,084
6,485
6,667
6,662

,485
,525
,509
,481
,461
,481
,675
,728
,800
,828

3,665
3,905
4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,240

996
1,340
2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908

0
01
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()
(11)
(1)
()

2,635
2,727
2,812
2,854
2,867
2,926
3,018
3,028
2,980
3,082

6,751
7,015
7,192
7,393
7,368
7,610
7,840
7,858
7,770
8,045

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,357
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

(11)
()
01
(1)
(1)
(1)
()

1,328
1,415
1,484

0
(1)
4,071
4,232
4,366

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

3,143
3,133
3,198
3,248
3,337
3,466
3,597
3,689
3,779
3,907

8,248
8,204
8,368
8,530
8,823
9,250
9,648
9,917
10,320
10,798

2,629
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378
7,620
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758

1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533

4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904

47,302
48,278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

3,993
4,001
4,113
4,277
4,433
4,415
4,546
4,708
4,969
5,204

11,047
11,351
11,836
12,329
12,554
12,645
13,209
13,808
14,573
14,989

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975

11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,303
16,252
17,112

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773

2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541

7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633

64,748
65,659
65,753
66,866
69,769
72,684
75,227

5,146
5,165
5,082
4,954
5,159
5,242
5,286

5,275
5,358
5,278
5,268
5,555
5,740
5,852

15,035
15,189
15,179
15,613
16,545
17,360
17,978

5,160
5,298
5,341
5,468
5,689
5,953
6,304

17,890
18,619
19,036
19,694
20,797
21,974
23,072

2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,900

3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,848
3,937

9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,692
9,899

(1)
(1)

1935
1936
1937
1938
1939

..
..
...
..
..

27,039
29,068
31,011
29,194
30,603

23,558
25,400
27,255
25,311
26,608

10,893
11,933
12,936
11,401
12,297

897
946
1,015
891
854

927
1,160
1,127
1,070
1,165

9,069
9,827
10,794
9,440
10,278

16,146
17,135
18,075
17,793
18,306

2,786
2,973
3,134
2,863
2,936

1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949

..
„
..
..
..
..
..
....
..
..

32,361
36,539
40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

28,159
31,877
34,624
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

13,221
15,963
18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

925
957
992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930

1,311
1,814
2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194

10,985
13,192
15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

19,140
20,574
21,636
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189

3,038
3,274
3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

1,960
1,906
1,822
1,845
1,949
2,291
2,471
2,605
2,602

45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186

18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411

901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675

26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384

45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189

20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023

70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

90,406
91,156
89,566
90,200
94,496
97,614
100165

74,166
75,126
73,729
74,330
78,472
81,199
83,430

25,658
25,497
23,813
23,334
24,727
24,930
24,938

1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
930
792

4,346
4,188
3,905
3,948
4,383
4,687
4,961

20,285
20,170
18,781
18,434
19,378
19,314
19,186

1950
1951 ........
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
19592
1960
1961
1962 ..
1963
1964 .......
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

...

. ...

...

......

1980
1981
1982 . . . . .
1983
1984
1985
1986P

01
(1)
()
1

()

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

O
(1)

0

o

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
1986:
January
February ..
March
April
May
June ....
July
August
September
October
November
December
1987:
January"
1

99,296
99,429
99,484
99,783
99,918
99,843
100,105
100,283
100,560
100,826
101,068
101,293

82,659
82,748
82,785
83,072
83,198
83,161
83,508
83,655
83,786
83,956
84,178
84,368

25,101
25,038
24,945
25,038
24,965
24,854
24,869
24,888
24,858
24,865
24,891
24,920

897
880
852
821
790
772
768
753
743
746
742
740

4,901
4,864
4,838
4,972
4,974
4,947
4,980
5,012
5,010
5,001
4,993
4,997

19,303
19,294
19,255
19,245
19,201
19,135
19,121
19,123
19,105
19,118
19,156
19,183

74,195
74,391
74,539
74,745
74,953
74,989
75,236
75,395
75,702
75,961
76,177
76,373

5,286
5,277
5,280
5,266
5,265
5,167
5,288
5,255
5,316
5,316
5,351
5,359

5,830
5,843
5,841
5,864
5,872
5,829
5,849
5,863
5,859
5,864
5,859
5,855

17,734
17,795
17,828
17,851
17,911
17,944
17,992
18,030
18,065
18,143
18,197
18,198

6,123
6,157
6,184
6,228
6,261
6,295
6,334
6,364
6,388
6,409
6,429
6,469

22,585
22,638
22,707
22,825
22,924
23,072
23,176
23,255
23,300
23,359
23,451
23,567

2,918
2,918
2,923
2,914
2,899
2,875
2,866
2,875
2,901
2,896
2,899
2,911

3,916
3,924
3,927
3,938
3,936
3,927
3,921
3,919
3,932
3,959
3,965
3,978

9,803
9,839
9,849
9,859
9,885
9,880
9,810
9,834
9,941
10,015
10,026
10,036

101,741

84,830

25,054

729

5,139

19,186

76,687

5,363

5,874

18,364

6,491

23,684

2,912

3,976

10,023

Not available.
2
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 1959
benchmark month.
P = preliminary.




NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1985
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1985) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1982) are subject to revision.

45

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Total

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

99,546 97,903 101,879 101,948 100,296

Total private
Mining

Production workers1

All employees

82,686 81,286 84,673 84,792 83,407 66,946 65,558 68,569 68,682 67,262
901

891

746

740

43.8
8.0
13.5

44.6
8.8
13.7

40.9
7.2
13.0

11,12
12

181.3
179.2

181.6
179.6

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

13
131,2
138

569.7
254.3
315.4

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals

14
142
144
147

;

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

15
152
153
154
,

,

...

16
161
162
17
171
172
173
174
175
176

46



527

522

42.1
8.0
13.5

32.0
5.8
10.0

32.9
6.6
10.3

30.2
5.3
10.2

31.3
6.0
10.7

170.7
168.4

170.3
168.0

147.7
146.2

148.2
146.7

140.5
138.6

140.0
138.1

564.1
252.8
311.3

423.3
218.2
205.1

420.7
214.9
205.8

379.7
120.7
259.0

375.4
121.2
254.2

271.2
108.3
162.9

270.1
106.2
163.9

106.5
36.4
32.4
19.8

100.3
33.5
30.5
19.0

110.7
38.3
33.9
19.9

106.4
36.8
31.6
19.8

80.0
29.1

73.6
26.3

84.7
30.8

80.5
29.2

4,721

4,481

5,143

4,927

4,702

3,686

3,450

4,058

3,842

1,278.0 1,231.9 1,339.5 1,286.5 1,246.3
624.1
604.5 672.0 645.1
58.5
57.9
55.4
53.9
595.4
569.5 612.1
587.5

951.4
450.2
30.5
470.7

905.6
431.9
30.5
443.2

999.6
487.2
29.2
483.2

949.0
462.1
27.7
459.2

600.6
186.2
414.4

535.6
152.8
382.8

661.1
249.5
411.6

597.5
205.0
392.5

735.8
229.1
506.7

667.7
194.6
473.1

787.4
296.9
490.5

415.7

722.0
251.6
470.4

2,707.3 2,581.3 3,016.4 2,918.0
627.5 615.3 667.9 663.6
178.5
159.2
147.8
171.0
553.8 551.8
519.3 504.6
507.1
436.5 416.5
488.2
180.7
163.2
158.1
174.0
203.6
190.2 230.0 218.1

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

696.5
78.6
192.3
158.4
30.7
237.2
90.8
64.7
23.4
38.6
40.5
70.9
50.2
77.0

689.7
77.6
191.2
157.2
30.7
236.7
90.6
64.1
23.5
38.8
40.3
67.6
48.5
76.3

742.6
85.8
204.2
167.5
32.9
263.0
101.0
71.5
25.2
42.3
40.8
71.1
48.9
77.7

734.0
80.6
203.5
166.7
33.1
262.1
100.0
71.9
25.3
42.3
40.3
69.6
47.7
77.9

505

3,611

2,134.1 2,009.2 2,397.1 2,295.5
464.3 450.3 494.6 489.3
131.5
119.9
149.7
142.3
387.9 432.8 429.5
402.6
353.2
433.9
373.0
414.4
118.7
138.8
131.9
123.2
151.4
188.1
175.8
165.2

11,457 11,395 11,310 11,286 11,201

Durable goods

See footnotes at end of table.

630

19,272 19,140 19,215 19,172 19,023 13,085 12,969 13,074 13,041

Manufacturing

Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

639

724

724.8

12,920

7,592

7,537

7,480

7,463

7,396

584.6
65.8
169.6
140.0
26.9
196.8
73.1
52.9
20.5
35.4
34.2
54.0
39.9
64.2

579.0
65.3
168.6
139.0
26.9
196.1
72.6
52.1
20.7
35.7
33.9
51.3
38.6
63.8

622.1
73.0
178.3
146.1
28.9
218.3
81.9
57.8
22.2
38.7
34.3
53.7
39.1
64.5

614.5
68.4
177.8
145.4
29.1
217.0
80.7
58.1
22.2
38.6
34.0
52.5
38.2
64.8

605.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

SIC
ooae

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

Production workers

All employees

1972
Industry

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987 P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

498.8
297.6
133.0
92.8
29.5
28.5
67.1
26.8
68.0
39.3

494.8
294.9
131.4
92.5
30.0
28.4
66.9
26.6
68.0
38.4

505.3
302.1
134.6
95.6
31.3
28.4
67.4
27.2
70.9
37.7

507.0
304.4
136.0
96.1
32.3
28.1
67.6
27.5
69.7
37.8

505.9
_

399.0
249.9
116.1
76.4
24.2
21.7
51.9
20.6
49.5
27.1

395.6
247.6
114.6
76.2
24.6
21.6
51.9
20.2
49.6
26.3

405.6
255.0
117.8
79.6
25.6
21.6
52.7
20.9
51.3
25.7

407.2
257.4
119.2
80.0
26.6
21.3
52.7
21.3
50.0
25.8

405.6
_

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

585.4
15.5
90.6
47.3
43.3
51.9
22.7
37.7
35.7
205.3
19.1
69.6
96.0
114.2
20.6
10.2
27.2

573.6
15.5
90.3
47.0
43.3
52.1
22.3
36.8
35.2
197.0
18.5
66.8
91.1
113.0
20.4
10.3
26.8

595.9
14.6
92.4
48.0
44.4
53.9
22.5
37.8
35.2
217.1
20.5
70.7
105.5
110.3
20.1
10.2
26.2

586.3
14.6
91.9
47.6
44.3
54.0
22.4
37.8
34.9
208.9
19.9
68.6
99.7
109.8
20.1
10.3
25.6

571.4
-

448.1
12.2
77.2
42.2
35.0
36.2
17.7
29.3
28.1
158.6
12.9
53.1
76.5
79.6
13.5
7.6

438.1
12.2
76.9
42.1
34.8
36.4
17.3
28.3
28.1
150.8
12.2
50.5
72.0
79.1
13.5
7.7

460.6
11.4
78.8
43.2
35.6
38.3
17.6
29.3
27.7
169.2
13.8
54.1
85.5
78.8
13.2
7.8

451.9
11.4
78.5
42.9
35.6
38.1
17.5
29.7
27.5
161.3
13.2
52.1
80.0
78.5
13.3
7.8

437.2
-

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

796.6
299.5
233.4
23.7
139.7
87.8
9.9
28.3
41.8
23.3
187.2
23.4
30.8
80.9
84.4
52.3

798.5
300.0
234.4
23.3
139.5
87.8
10.0
28.0
42.3
23.9
187.6
23.5
30.8
80.8
85.0
52.7

744.6
265.1
202.1
21.2
132.3
82.9
8.7
26.6
39.1
22.2
184.3
23.8
29.4
79.0
83.1
51.3

745.7
266.6
203.2
21.6
132.5
83.0
8.9
26.4
39.4
22.4
184.1
23.6
29.2
79.2
82.0
50.2

741.0
265.8
-

605.1
231.0
183.0
17.2
110.4
71.8
7.2
21.1
29.6
17.3
133.2
18.1
21.8
58.4
68.1
42.8

607.0
232.2
184.4
16.9
110.0
71.8
7.3
20.6
29.8
17.4
133.5
18.0
21.9
58.2
68.4
43.2

556.0
198.6
152.5
15.1
104.0
67.5
6.1
19.6
26.2
14.6
130.4
18.5
21.1
55.3
66.9
42.1

557.7
200.2
153.4
15.6
104.2
67.6
6.3
19.4
26.7
14.9
130.6
18.5
21.1
55.5
65.9
41.0

555.3
200.6
-

.....

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, .hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446

1,459.2 1,446.6 1,436.0 1,434.8 1,420.8 1,077.4 1,068.2 1,062.2 1,061.7 1,051.2
48.5
48.5
49.0
48.4
57.0
57.0
56.6
56.9
40.0
39.4
39.8
39.8
45.6
45.1
45.8
45.6
104.7 104.1
106.0 105.1
143.3 142.3 142.4 141.9
35.8
35.6
35.5
35.4
48.9
48.7
48.5
48.5
60.7
59.9
59.6
60.9
79.6
79.4
81.0
80.8
47.1
48.3
48.5
47.2
66.0
66.9
67.3
66.0
18.4
18.0
24.9
18.8
18.3
25.3
25.1
25.6
19.7
21.9
21.7
20.3
29.2
31.1
30.9
29.7
307.6 301.7 306.7 303.8
439.3 432.3 434.7 431.9
54.1
53.5
50.9
76.7
72.9
72.5
51.1
75.6
66.8
68.9
92.6
91.6
90.4
65.5
67.6
88.7
63.2
93.8
94.2
61.3
59.1
59.1
97.5
99.9
80.6
79.2
81.8
81.3
109.2 108.0 110.0 109.7
20.2
28.9
20.2
21.6
27.8
27.9
28.8
21.5

See footnotes at end of table.




47

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment ....
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment ...
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves .
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus .
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
See footnotes at end of table.

48



1972
SIC
Code

345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347

3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

35
351
3511

3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355

3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359

3592
3599
36
361
3612

3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634

Production workers1

All employees
Dec.
1985

95.9
45.1
50.8
243.7
34.3
106.2
92.5
112.9
75.5
37.4
78.8
44.2
222.3
85.4
52.2

Jan.
1986

96.0
45.1
50.9
242.5
34.1
105.9
91.8
112.5
75.2
37.3
78.0
44.3
220.1
84.7
51.3

Nov.
1986

96.8
45.1
51.7
232.2
31.0
99.1
91.4
115.2
76.1
39.1
81.3
46.9
209.5
78.4
50.6

Dec.
1986P

97.1
45.3
51.8

233.3
31.2
100.2
91.3
116.0
76.6
39.4
81.2
47.1
209.5
78.5
50.7

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

73.1
36.5
36.6
196.0
26.3
91.3
70.7
90.5
61.3
29.2
48.4
26.3
160.1
56.9
39.7

Jan.
1986

73.1
36.5
36.6
195.0
26.2
91.1
69.9
90.3
61.0
29.3
49.0
27.2
158.4
56.4
39.0

Nov.

1986

73.8
36.7
37.1
186.0
23.7
84.5
69.9
92.4
61.6
30.8
50.9
29.3
150.4
51.8
38.1

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

74.1
36.9
37.2
187.4
24.0
85.7
70.0
93.1
62.1
31.0
51.7
29.7
150.6
51.9
38.2

2,136.5 2,133.6 2,031.7 2,032.4 2,029.4 1,281.2 1,279.8 1,202.8 1,205.5 1,206.3
100.6 100.6
95.1
95.3
59.1
63.2
59.3
63.5
33.0
30.8
32.7
30.7
16.7
17.8
16.6
17.4
67.6
64.6
64.3
67.9
42.4
45.4
42.7
46.1
96.6
88.5
86.4
96.4
54.8
66.5
56.6
66.3
69.7
71.2
61.0
60.8
35.4
46.7
35.6
45.2
247.7 246.9 212.1 211.5
152.3 152.0 125.2 124.8
73.9
74.3
84.5
84.8
43.2
51.8
51.4
43.0
17.6
17.5
19.6
19.9
10.7
12.4
10.7
12.2
40.7
41.3
61.7
62.0
24.0
38.5
23.5
38.5
30.4
30.1
31.0
30.3
15.6
16.3
15.8
16.7
24.9
25.0
25.6
25.0
17.6
17.5
17.7
17.4
308.1 307.9 302.1 302.2
220.1 219.7 215.0 215.3
49.6
50.0
54.2
53.9
31.3
34.2
31.1
33.8
18.1
18.5
10.8
10.9
11.3
18.2
18.6
11.3
142.0 142.4 144.6 145.2
110.2 110.4 111.5 111.9
52.7
52.8
54.7
54.8
36.7
38.1
36.7
38.1
20.3
20.4
21.4
21.6
14.8
15.7
14.8
15.6
166.0 164.9 158.2 157.9
93.4
99.1
93.6
98.2
38.0
23.1
23.9
23.1
23.5
38.1
38.4
39.0
18.6
18.4
18.0
18.1
12.3
12.2
12.5
12.1
27.9
27.8
29.2
29.3
15.9
17.1
16.1
17.1
265.0 265.7 260.5 260.6
167.2 167.9 165.8 166.1
45.5
26.4
29.4
26.5
29.2
46.0
49.6
49.2
34.5
32.5
34.6
33.8
45.6
45.6
44.7
46.5
23.5
13.2
13.9
13.1
13.9
23.5
24.5
24.4
20.5
19.4
20.7
19.3
32.3
32.2
31.6
31.5
14.1
14.4
14.2
14.2
20.8
20.5
20.6
20.5
10.7
10.8
10.4
10.9
15.6
15.9
16.0
16.1
177.7 176.1 157.5 156.5
497.5 494.0 467.1 465.7
146.3 144.9 128.6 127.2
433.2 430.1 406.6 405.0
116.7 117.5 118.8 120.0
167.4 168.6 169.1 170.1
87.8
84.0
84.6
88.9
121.6 122.6
117.7
118.6
218.4 218.6 213.2 213.3
280.6
287.6 288.6 281.1
27.6
29.2
29.5
27.5
33.5
33.9
36.2
36.3
189.2 189.1 185.6 185.8
247.2 247.1
251.4
252.3
2,184.0 2,181.8 2,168.6 2,167.1 2,161.2 1,269.0 1,263.3 1,254.4 1,253.5 1,252.6
114.4 114.9 114.9
83.2
82.5
82.1
83.3
115.3
54.4
52.5
54.2
53.3
38.8
38.4
40.1
40.5
60.5
43.7
43.7
43.1
42.8
60.7
61.9
62.0
136.8 138.7 136.3 137.1
197.4 196.1 196.7
196.
99.;
99.1
98.4
75.0
76.3
75.9
76.1
97.2
61.4
61.0
62.5
62.7
37.3
36.0
36.3
37.5
135.1 135.0 141.2 140.;
105.6 105.9 111.0 110.1
25.6
24.4
18.4
18.8
25.6
24.0
20.6
20.6
22.6
21.6
17.4
17.0
17.5
22.7
21.5
17.3
38.5
36.9
39.9
37.8
28.6
30.8
29.5
27.6

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Electrical and electronic equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment.......
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1972
SIC
Code

364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

Production workers1

All employees
Dec.
1985

197.7
27.7
79.8
17.9
27.4
81.8
64.2
664.8
131.0
533.8
638.2
42.1
268.7
258.7
154.9
29.9
65.6

Jan.
1986

196.7
27.4
79.7
17.7
27.6
80.2
63.1
666.0
129.4
536.6
637.6
42.3
267.6
258.6
154.5
29.7
65.5

Nov.
1986

191.6
27.6
75.6
16.8
27.8
81.0
63.0
654.2
119.0
535.2
637.5
42.1
263.5
263.6
152.1
30.2
64.4

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

143.4
23.7
52.1
12.8
21.3
56.4
44.2
284.3
77.5
206.8
351.2
24.6
99.9
176.0
108.8
23.7
49.9

191.5
27.6
75.5
16.9
27.4
80.1
62.2
653.2
118.5
534.7
638.0
42.1
264.0
263.5
152.5
30.0
65.2

Jan.
1986

142.5
23.7
51.9
12.6
21.2
55.2
43.6
280.5
75.3
205.2
349.9
24.5
99.3
175.0
108.5
23.7
49.8

Nov.
1986

137.9
23.3
48.6
12.0
21.5
54.9
42.2
271.9
69.2
202.7
353.1
25.9
100.0
176.1
106.1
23.7
49.0

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

137.9
23.5
48.4
12.2
21.2
54.0
41.5
271.5
69.5
202.0
353.6
25.8
100.8
175.7
106.0
23.3
49.8

2,008.9 1,994.9 2,001.2 1,999.7 1,975.6 1,275.2 1,260.0 1,256.4 1,254.3 1,232.1
841.9 839.2
817.0 686.2 665.0 647.5 645.6 624.3
881.2 862.1
410.2
396.9 386.4 381.2
296.0 286.0 281.5
311.1
30.2
38.4
35.9
30.0
27.6
38.6
36.3
28.2
375.2
388.3
392.0
314.2 310.5 299.5 301.0
376.5
20.9
20.2
26.4
25.7
28.3
19.3
22.0
27.2
687.1
689.2
660.2 665.6
317.8 324.4 339.6 341.6
163.8
162.5
145.0
345.7 346.2 366.0 367.7
146.5
78.2
77.8
81.6
76.8
152.2
151.5
154.5
149.7
99.6
99.3
96.3
96.0
169.3
169.6
164.9
164.8
138.5
140.5
140.1
138.9
183.7
185.3
186.1
185.1
98.9
101.3
102.5
134.7
102.8
136.8
139.9
139.8
39.6
39.2
36.4
37,3
49.0
48.5
46.2
45.3
19.4
18.6
22.7
21.9
27.0
27.9
31.5
32.3
65.4
65.0
63.0
64.6
195.1
194.0
183.0
184.0
47.5
47.2
49.0
149.4
47.3
148.7
141.1
142.6
36.7
36.4
36.5
36.0
53.8
53.3
53.8
53.3
17.1
16.8
16.2
15.9
21.8
21.3
20.5
20.3

Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

725.6
84.6
252.8
42.9
56.3
109.0
33.1
179.5
85.9
79.2
39.8
123.8
12.0

722.5
83.9
252.3
42.9
55.5
109.3
33.0
179.2
85.2
79.0
39.6
122.9
11.6

710.4
82.2
246.6
41.9
53.9
105.0
31.6
184.8
87.8
82.0
40.9
112.9
11.4

710.5
82.7
246.3
41.9
53.8
104.8
31.5
184.6
87.7
81.9
40.9
113.3
11.2

708.0

390.8
35.7
139.3
27.3
28.7
55.6
16.3
107.8
48.1
51.4
26.2
56.9
8.6

390.5
35.9
139.0
27.5
28.2
55.7
16.4
107.6
47.7
51.5
26.3
57.2
8.1

386.1
36.3
136.6
26.7
27.3
52.6
15.2
112.7
51.8
52.6
27.3
49.8
8.2

387.8
36.9
136.9
26.7
27.4
52.4
15.1
113.1
52.1
52.6
27.7
50.1
8.0

385.9

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles ..
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

365.5
55.8
38.4
14.4
91.1
40.4
50.7
32.3
40.6
22.5
131.3
54.2

358.5
53.9
36.7
14.1
90.1
39.0
51.1
31.7
37.9
21.5
130.8
54.3

373.8
55.1
37.6
15.0
99.4
45.4
54.0
31.6
42.2
23.5
130.5
54.7

368.5
54.1
36.7
15.2
96.3
42.2
54.1
31.5
41.0
23.0
130.4
55.0

362.9

262.0
38.2
26.2
11.5
65.7
26.6
39.1
21.4
31.2
17.4
94.0
38.3

255.7
36.2
24.5
11.3
64.8
25.3
39.5
21.1
28.9
16.4
93.4
38.1

274.1
38.9
26.3
12.3
75.2
33.3
41.9
21.4
33.0
18.4
93.3
38.3

269.2
38.0
25.4
12.4
72.3
30.2
42.1
21.3
32.0
17.8
93.2
38.4

264.4

See footnotes at end of table.




49

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats .
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ....
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products '.
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool....
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks ...
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225.
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339

See footnotes at end of table.

50



Production workers

All employees
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

5,524
7,745 7,905 7,886 7,822
7,815
5,432 5,594 5,578
5,493
1,612.4 1,574.0 1,667.4 1,646.7 1,618.6 1,126.8 1,091.1 1,179.7 1,159.6 1,133.8
369.2
376.6
394.0
332.9
335.4
312.8
391.6
320.1
142.3
144.6
120.6
121.9
121.2
144.5
145.6
119.1
73.4
76.4
75.0
76.0
56.1
56.4
53.7
55.3
147.2
130.0
133.8
133.2
146.3
134.3
119.0
122.8
159.9
162.3
97.7
96.2
163.9
163.6
94.3
97.5
38.9
40.1
30.4
39.6
39.4
30.4
29.7
31.0
86.9
86.3
87.9
88.0
43.6
43.3
42.1
42.3
217.4
240.7
206.3
224.5
181.9
164.4
175.5
197.8
24.5
24.5
24.2
24.6
16.9
17.2
17.2
17.5
61.6
74.7
66.5
59.4
52.7
82.8
67.8
47.5
47.7
45.1
41.4
47.8
54.4
41.4
38.9
47.8
124.6
125.1
123.9
123.6
85.4
85.2
85.0
85.3
22.3
22.5
15.7
22.5
22.8
15.1
15.1
15.6
45.6
45.5
43.7
27.4
43.6
28.8
28.9
27.6
210.7
213.7
218.6
125.4
218.0
133.4
133.5
127.6
169.1
166.9
170.7
171.3
94.7
94.8
90.3
91.5
43.8
44.6
47.3
47.3
38.7
38.7
35.1
36.1
111.0
114.2
99.5
107.0
89.0
91.7
78.2
85.0
24.0
25.6
27.9
26.2
21.4
19.2
22.3
20.6
55.4
60.8
66.0
64.4
53.7
55.7
45.3
50.3
36.0
35.5
35.2
34.8
25.6
26.2
26.8
25.5
211.8
213.8
215.9
215.0
93.0
92.1
89.5
91.2
43.0
43.3
44.1
28.1
27.0
27.4
43.3
27.2
124.4
125.1
125.4
40.2
39.8
40.2
125.5
40.1
156.5
160.5
115.3
162.7
162.9
120.7
121.0
119.1
67.0
43.7

66.1
43.7

62.5
43.1

62.2
43.0

61.4
-

50.8
32.1

49.8
31.9

47.8
32.3

47.2
31.8

45.9
-

702.3
102.3
90.4
16.8
20.8
198.0
35.3
33.5
64.9
24.1
22.2
58.9
22.8
21.7
57.6
102.1
73.1
15.8
55.4

698.3
101.6
89.7
16.6
20.9
197.0
35.2
33.9
64.0
23.7
22.1
58.4
22.6
21.5
57.0
101.8
72.8
15.9
55.3

719.6
100.6
90.4
16.6
21.6
207.4
35.5
35.5
71.6
23.4
23.1
59.0
23.1
21.7
60.3
107.1
76.8
17.3
56.6

719.8
101.1
90.6
16.7
21.6
206.9
35.3
35.3
71.5
23.4
23.2
59.0
23.0
21.8
60.0
107.3
77.2
17.1
56.6

714.7

607.2
92.4
80.3
14.0
17.9
172.4
31.4
29.8
56.9
20.1
19.1
49.3
19.3
17.7
47.2
90.9
65.8
14.0
42.8

603.8
91.6
79.6
14.0
17.9
171.1
31.3
30.2
56.0
19.6
19.0
49.3
19.3
17.6
47.4
90.4
65.6
13.9
42.5

624.3
90.6
80.7
13.8
18.7
181.3
31.4
31.9
63.3
19.5
20.2
49.4
19.6
17.5
50.0
95.9
69.6
15.1
43.9

624.7
91.2
80.9
13.8
18.8
180.6
31.2
31.6
63.3
19.4
20.4
49.3
19.4
17.6
49.7
96.5
70.0
15.3
43.9

621.5
_

1,124.4 1,1180 1,118.7 1,119.7 1,104.3
62.4
63.7
60.9
60.3
317.6
318.6
317.1
315.0
84.7
84.1
85.6
85.9
58.1
58.5
54.7
54.7
100.5
100.1
96.7
98.8
359.7
359.0
352.4
350.0
53.3
52.2
52.9
51.8
93.7
92.5
90.9
87.9
40.7
42.5
44.8
42.1
172.0
167.2
165.1
171.5

945.6
55.2
275.9
73.1
51.3
87.7
298.1
44.0
77.5
34.7
141.9

941.9
53.9
274.9
72.5
50.7
88.3
300.5
44.5
78.9
33.2
143.9

945.9
51.8
271.9
73.6
48.1
84.5
295.3
43.4
73.5
36.6
141.8

946.2
52.4
274.0
73.6
47.9
86.6
297.9
43.1
76.8
34.8
143.2

931.3

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

1972
SIC
Code

234
2341
2342
236
2361
238

239
2391
2392

2396

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278

279

Dec.
1985

74.1
59.4
14.7
64.5
27.3
42.5
189.9
27.6
53.6
39.0

685.5
196.8
172.5
55.4
235.3
59.4
27.0
51.8
198.0
43.2

682.8

695.1

197.1
173.0
55.3
234.1

197.3

696.8
198.0

104.0
23.7

103.9

58.9
27.6
52.3

196.3
42.4
23.6

172.3
55.0
241.9

59.7
27.9
54.2
200.9
43.2
105.4
24.2

Jan.
1987P

693.1

173.1
55.2
242.7
60.1

110.6
80.6
30.0
76.4
507.8
163.7
317.2

47.9
71.7
52.3

111.8
81.9

27.9
54.7
200.9
43.1
105.3
24.3

29.9
76.9
504.2

162.9
314.0
47.8
72.2
52.2

112.0
82.7
29.3
83.5
522.5

114.8
84.6
30.2
84.8
521.9

170.5
323.6
47.5
75.7
54.6

170.5
323.2
47.8
76.1

1,032.9 1,027.4 1,020.7
140.9 139.6 135.7
91.4
92.8
89.5
168.4 168.4 165.0
74.5
74.4
74.5
63.3
60.6
63.7
204.3 204.4 207.0
164.9 165.1 166.9
142.6 148.2
147.0
41.4
42.2
41.2
60.9
66.0
65.0
40.3
39.8
41.0
62.9
62.4
63.1
157.7 157.4 153.2
30.4
30.4
29.9

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

167.4
131.8
24.5

127.3

166.6
148.3
42.1

64.9
41.3
61.7
152.8

29.6

123.3
55.8

123.2
55.8

94.2

93.4

93.3

164.5
130.6
22.7

159.9

157.4
122.3
24.4

122.6
26.7

156.3

Dec.
1986P

63.0
51.9
11.1
54.5
23.9
36.2
158.7
22.6
46.4
34.0

61.4
50.5
10.9
54.4
23.9
35.2
156.4
22.3
45.6
32.7

519.8
150.3
130.8
42.7

517.2
151.0
131.6
42.5
171.4

528.2
150.5
130.8

531.2
151.1
131.4

41.6

41.8
181.6

36.8
21.1

179.4
37.7
21.8
43.0

41.2
152.3
33.5

156.7
34.4

78.8
19.7

79.8
20.8

814.4
173.6

809.0

836.7
174.1
36.5
57.7
34.7
23.0

842.9
175.2
36.4

44.9

46.1
379.5
124.5
232.7
33.7
61.7

31.5
58.2
34.1
24.1
40.7

170.5
31.9

59.6
35.6
24.0
41.5
366.5

118.9
226.4
33.4
57.9
39.0

379.5
124.3
232.6
33.5

61.2
40.9

Jan.
1987P

529.6

38.8
21.9
43.4

40.8
153.9
34.3
78.9
19.7

38.8

164.6
74.7
60.2
206.8

Nov.
1986

64.4
52.7
11.7
53.4
23.5
33.9
146.3
20.6
42.0
30.9

229.8
33.5
57.6

,017.9 1,017.7
134.6
89.0

Jan.
1986

64.5
52.8
11.7
52.8
23.3
34.5
150.2
20.9
43.5
31.3

371.2
120.3

54.8

127.0
57.9

Dec.
1985

172.9
37.3
20.7

1,465.6 1,459.4 1,498.7 1,502.7 1,496.9
462.5 457.8 466.4 465.7
113.2 113.2 113.8
112.8

57.6
93.9

2861,9

Dec.
1986P

75.4
60.5
14.9
64.4
27.1
43.6
191.6
27.6
54.4
40.2

287
289

2842,3
285
286
2865

Nov.
1986

76.9
61.2
15.7
63.4
26.6
41.0
178.7
25.8
49.6
37.1

28
281

2841
2844

Jan.
1986

77.1
61.5
15.6
62.8
26.4
41.9
183.0
26.1
51.2
37.5

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations ....
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284

Production workers1

All employees

156.7
34.3
79.8
20.8
836.7

60.9
37.1
23.8

41.2

566.5
69.1
48.6
110.3
44.4
43.5
95.3
76.3
92.7
26.7
43.9
22.1
29.9
82.7
19.4
63.3
34.2
52.3

568.5

113.0
44.7
45.2
95.8
76.6
87.8
26.6
39.5
21.7
29.8
81.2
20.3
60.9
35.6
54.0

569.4
69.7
49.1
110.8
44.3
43.8
95.8
76.5
93.6
26.8
44.9
21.9
30.0
82.8
19.6
63.2
34.2
52.5

100.9
77.6
16.7

102.2
75.8
20.5

100.4
75.8
18.6

99.9

573.1
71.5
49.0
112.4
44.6
45.2
95.7
76.6
92.8
26.8
44.7
21.3
29.8
81.4
20.3
61.1
35.6
53.9

568.0
70.8
48.4

102.5
78.0
18.1

See footnotes at end of table.




51

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
uode

Nondurable goods—Continued
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

Production workers

All employees
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

15.2
83.9
459.4

15.4
83.7
460.1

149.0
-

136.1
11.9
84.5
34.3
31.9
8.2
16.9

132.0
11.7
81.9
33.4
30.9
8.2
16.0

127.5
11.4
77.2
31.7
29.6
7.7
16.4

126.7
11.4
76.6
31.6
29.6
7.8
15.9

123.7
-

5,390

5,294

4,407

4,322

4,446

4,467

4,377

3,142

3,155

3,073

329.8
298.4

317.7
286.5

307.7
277.5

286.3
93.4
37.7
35.7
97.5

297.3
97.2
36.7
35.2
102.5

297.6
96.7
36.9
35.1
103.5

267.3
85.8
_
32.3
-

265.2
86.1
_
32.0
-

275.2
89.2
_
32.1
-

275.8
88.8
_
32.0
-

21.8
108.3
560.6

21.5
108.1
562.5

21.5
109.1
579.0

21.7
108.8
580.7

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

164.0
14.2
99.5
42.3
36.2
11.1
21.1

159.4
14.0
96.6
41.5
35.0
11.1
20.1

154.2
13.8
90.9
39.1
33.5
10.8
20.4

152.5
13.7
89.9
38.7
33.5
10.9
19.6

5,307

5,217

5,376

3,076

3,000

Railroad transportation
Class I railroads2

40
4011

332.4
300.3

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses

41
411
412
413
415

287.6
93.2
37.9
35.1
98.3

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

Water transportation
Local water transportation
Water transportation services

44
445
446

186.5
27.2
99.8

180.0
25.9
96.8

183.2
27.0
100.5

182.0
26.6
100.7

Transportation by air
Air transportation
Air transportation services

45
451,2
458

536.9
471.5
65.4

538.7
473.6
65.1

579.0
511.4
67.6

585.3
516.9
68.4

Pipe lines, except natural gas

46

18.7

18.8

18.0

17.8

Transportation services
Freight forwarding

47
471

280.9
64.5

281.9
64.0

292.4
72.5

294.4
73.5

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Automotive parts and supplies
See footnotes at end of table.

52



50
501
5012
5013

632.8

14.7
83.0
446.2

303,4
306
307

49
491
492
493
495

Jan.
1987P

14.7
83.0
445.2

810.1
87.2
11.7

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

Dec.
1986P

632.2
63.2
9.8

808.5
87.0
11.9

48
481
483
4832
4833

Nov.
1986

632.2
63.6
10.1

794.7
90.3
12.3

Communication and public utilities
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting
Television broadcasting

Jan.
1986

617.8
63.4
10.5

793.7
90.3
12.7

Transportation

Dec.
1985

617.0
63.3
10.8

30
301
302

Transportation and public utilities

Jan.
1987P

810.1
-

1,433.3 1,364.9 1,454.3 1,469.8
1,334.1 1,269.9 1,348.4 1,365.9
103.9
95.0
99.2
105.9

2,235
2,217
2,234
2,231
1,311.5 1,299.6 1,304.4 1,304.4
884.1
885.1
886.6
898.1
244.1
243.5
241.8
242.2
115.9
115.7
115.9
115.3
128.2
127.6
126.1
126.9

1,252.0 1,184.3 1,269.4 1,287.2
1,168.3 1,104.7 1,179.5 1,199.3
79.6
83.7
87.9
89.9

2,221
-

13.5

13.6

13.2

13.0

_
999.9
667.6
198.2
-

_
994.1
662.1
198.1
-

_
984.2
646.2
200.1
-

_
987.0
647.1
200.3
-

731.5
348.7
135.4
168.5
57.6

729.6
348.6
132.8
168.7
58.1

736.2
352.7
130.2
168.2
63.1

735.0
353.3
129.6
166.6
63.5

919.5
450.3
172.5
204.5
66.1

917.4
450.0
169.4
204.6
67.3

929.2
459.4
164.2
206.0
72.2

930.1
460.7
163.8
205.6
72.5

5,815

5,791

5,876

5,862

5,836

4,675

4,647

4,712

4,699

3,459
430.7
108.6
290.2

3,453
427.3
107.3
289.0

3,492
428.4
107.3
288.6

3,487
427.9
108.0
287.5

3,478
-

2,761
345.1
-

2,753
342.8
-

2,778
344.1
-

2,773
344.1

4,66C

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
1972
SIC

Industry

uode
Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, TV and radios
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies ....
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Commercial machines and equipment
Construction and mining machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Professional equipment and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wines and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
Farm supplies

502

5021
5023
503

5031
5039
504
505
506

5063
5064
5065
507

5072
5074
508

5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
509

5093
51
511
512
513
514

5141
5147
5148
516
517

5171
5172
518

5181
5182
519

5191

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

137.9
138.9
133.9
135.4
58.6
58.4
57.8
57.9
79.3
76.1
77.5
80.5
229.6
231.8
221.1
220.2
101.5
104.8
105.6
101.3
124.8
126.2
119.6
118.9
83.9
84.4
82.0
82.1
135.7
139.3
137.0
139.8
496.6
503.2 499.9
495.9
272.7 272.8
270.2
269.8
74.4
75.0
74.7
74.9
152.7
151.4
151.4
155.6
268.8
261.5 269.1
260.1
87.1
87.1
90.8
90.8
105.7
108.0
107.6
105.5
1,490.8 1,492.0 1,503.2 1,503.1
541.0
538.7
554.6
552.8
80.7
81.1
82.3
82.5
124.5
124.5
125.1
126.3
307.7
321.6 309.2
321.5
133.5
133.7
133.5
133.1
176.0
180.4
175.9
180.2
196.3
196.3
203.2
203.3
89.4
91.7
89.8
91.3
2,356
187.5
172.3
192.4
747.7
243.7
66.9
88.3
132.4
204.6
84.5
120.1
151.9
93.1
58.8
430.5
145.9
18,201

Retail trade

Production workers1

All employees

681.6
361.5
160.8

110.5
-

180.9

2,375
187.2
176.0
197.8
770.6
250.3
66.5
97.6
129.5
197.9
80.8
117.1
153.1
94.5
58.6
429.6
140.9

2,358
_

17,486 18,452

18,799

18,107

695.6
375.1
158.9

691.8
370.8
159.4

659.5
354.0
154.1

Jan.
1986

107.9
-

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

111.9

111.2

_

_

181.1

191.2

189.3

_

_

_

_

67.7
110.5
388.0

67.5
110.4
385.7

69.1
107.9
377.2

68.8
106.7
377.1

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

209.0

208.5

216.4

216.2

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

158.0

157.5
-

163.8

163.8

1,914
152.5
143.3
145.1
633.8

1,894
154.1
142.1
143.4
626.7
-

1,934
152.8
144.6
149.0
650.1

1,926
151.9
145.3
148.6
652.1

_

95.5
157.7
-

126.1
_
-

347.5

_
95.7
157.4
_
122.7
_
343.2

_

-

-

-

_

_

93.0
153.7

93.2
153.0

_
_

_

125.6

126.0

_
-

_
-

351.6

347.9

-

-

-

-

16,256

15,557

16,446

16,791

574.7
307.5
136.5

552.3
299.8
130.3

580.3
317.3
133.2

576.3
313.4
133.6

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

2,615.9 2,386.6 2,518.9 2,624.6 2,441.1 2,469.9 2,245.9 2,373.9 2,480.6
2,096.6 1,917.7 2,024.2 2,108.5
2,201.1 2,018.4 2,127.1 2,210.0
258.0
231.2
207.4
223.2
234.5
253.0
229.0 246.8
145.0
142.1
120.8
156.6
126.5
137.6
139.2
161.8

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioners
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
542
545
546

2,907.8 2,874.4 3,004.0 3,040.7 3,000.0 2,689.5 2,658.8 2,771.7 2,810.2
2,337.8 2,334.0 2,414.0 2,430.9
2,511.8 2,507.6 2,603.7 2,620.4
66.5
65.5
62.2
64.0
_
_
_
_
46.4
54.3
51.1
52.8
173.9
170.3
148.3
144.8
154.4
161.0
164.8
158.3

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55

1,908.9 1,912.1 1,971.4 1,969.8 1,975.7 1,602.1 1,605.3 1,651.7 1,652.3
_
952.4
923.4
951.5
766.9
769.8
926.1
789.1
788.8
312.7
313.7
245.4
242.0
306.1
302.0
254.7
254.2
617.0 618.8
525.4
530.1
603.3
597.8
537.5
540.0

525

551,2
553
554

Jan.
1987P

1,190.9 1,191.7 1,196.8 1,195.9

2,384
188.8
175.0
198.6
768.4
249.8
66.3
95.3
129.5
199.1
81.2
117.9
152.5
94.8
57.7
434.2
145.6

2,338
189.3
170.6
192.6
741.9
243.9
66.1
87.0
132.3
204.0
84.4
119.6
148.2
91.6
56.6
426.8
145.9

Dec.
1985

16,08(

See footnotes at end of table.




53

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings .
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

1972
SIC
Code

>6
561
562
566

Production workers1

All employees
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

1,168.3 1,076.6 1,133.7 1,207.7
116.1
114.6
125.7
126.0
393.8 412.2 434.0
421.2
224.5 243.4 268.5
255.2
215.8 226.5
213.1
223.9
818.4
457.5
281.3
87.9
273.0
197.8
75.2

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

996.8
106.5
360.3
224.5
183.8

906.5
96.1
332.7
194.5
171.8

961.9 1,032.9
106.1
97.1
353.4 373.2
212.0 236.5
184.7
173.8

659.5
357.9

643.7
349.6

683.2
378.3

698.9
384.1

76.7
224.9

74.9
219.2

74.9
230.0

75.6
239.2

Furniture and home furnishings stores ....
Furniture and home furnishings stores .
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores
Radio and television stores
Music stores

7
571
5712
572
573
5732
5733

Eating and drinking places .

58

5,749.6 5,550.8 5,958.1 5,994.8 5,785.6 5,217.8 5,025.6 5,425.0 5,459.6

Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods
Nonstore retailers
Mail order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
592
594
5941
5942
5943
5944
5947
5949
596
5961
5962
598
599

2,379.2 2,251.2 2,351.6 2,435.4
557.0 575.5 586.5
564.8
127.7
132.1
134.0
131.4
765.8 817.1
846.3
869.8
131.5
137.9
143.2
138.6
81.0
78.7
83.7
82.2
77.5
78.2
78.0
79.3
155.5
158.5
169.3
169.3
135.0
141.1
149.8
152.3
69.7
69.1
70.5
70.2
269.6
286.8 260.9
272.5
135.4
126.0
143.1
136.2
82.3
81.7
82.5
82.9
114.2
116.7
119.5
112.2
371.5
359.5 348.0 360.2

Finance, insurance, and real estate3
Finance .

789.9
435.9
271.6
90.3
263.7
191.1
72.6

775.1
427.1
267.1
88.1
259.9
189.2
70.7

834.3
464.0
285.1
88.4
281.9
202.0
79.9

6,072

6,414

6,453

6,440

3,051

3,059

3,214

3,233

3,235

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Federal savings and loan associations .
State associations, insured
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers

61
612
6122
6123
614
615
616

787.0
360.3
202.7
147.
220.6
51.8
130.8

793.8
360.4
202.8
147.0
224.0
52.4
133.0

872.9
386.5
217.7
157.3
234.6
55.1
171.8

878.4
389.
219.4
158.
235.9
55.
173.3

Security, commodity brokers, and services.
Security brokers and dealers

62
621

363.4
290.8

363.7
291.0

403.7
322.9

409.8
327.4

Holding and other investment offices .

67

165.

165.3

177.0

179.0

1,866

1,873

1,97

1,988

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance .
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance ..
Title insurance

63
631
632
633
636

Insurance agents, brokers, and service .

64

See footnotes at end of table.

54



1,299.0 1,300. 1,352.3 1,357.
560.
560.1
555.3 553.
185,
175.9
184.
175.
508.8
479.
506.1
478.5
60.2
53.1
59.6
52.6
567.3

572.9

625.1

629.9

725.0

646.2

693.0

745.7

260.1

235.2

245.3

247.6

94.8
301.8

96.5
289.1

98.1
295.4

100.4
305.6

4,497

4,484

4,731

4,754

1,268.2 1,266.8 1,275.7 1,279.5
1,139.; 1,138.0 1,140.0 1,142.3

1,735.3 1,736.2 1,760.0 1,765.6
1,566.9 1,567.4 1,579.1 1,583.1
353.0
340.5 340.7 351.9
383.9
385.1
380.8 380.8
85.6
86.1
82.2
81.5

60
602
6022
6023,4
603

Insurance

2,045.9 1,919.3 1,998.3 2,080.1
486.3 478.8
490.8 502.0

6,080

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks
State banks, Federal Reserve
State banks, not Federal Reserve
Mutual savings banks

Jan.
1987P

599.1
276.1

603.9
275.5

663.6
295.7

668.2
297.8

172.;

175.5

184.5

185.7

884.
339.9
142.6
333.0

883.8
337.,
143.1
333.

913.7
340.4
149.1
346.4

916.1
340.3
150.2
347.5

1,995

4,731

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Real estate, and combined real estate, insurance, etc

Dec.
1985

65
651
653
655

Combined real estate, insurance, etc

66

Services

Jan.
1986

Jan.
1986

22,389 22,208 23,451 23,449 23,281

19,701

19,499 20,575 20,566 20,372

1,129.6 1,105.3 1,163.5 1,157.5

1,140

Nov.
1986

1,223

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

1,163

Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

Production workers1

All employees

1,232

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986 P

1,210

1,148.6 1,125.7 1,209.8 1,218.8
514.7 497.2 517.9
522.7
469.8 468.5 509.3 517.0
137.7
151.2
146.7
133.6
14.1

14.0

13.6

13.5

Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

70
701

1,295.0 1,265.6 1,340.6 1,332.5
1,260.9 1,234.2 1,305.3 1,298.2

Personal services
,
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories

72
721
722
723
726

1,072.9 1,109.6 1,127.5 1,132.4
390.6 389.8 405.2 406.7
58.8
52.2
64.8
63.9
344.7 344.4 353.7 355.8
74.5
74.3
76.8
77.6

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Temporary help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming and software
Data processing services

73
731
7311
732
733
734
736
7361
7362
737
7372
7374

4,651.5 4,597.3 4,965.1 4,981.7 4,928.3 4,027.6 3,958.2 4,273.5 4,289.5
193.9
192.7
193.7
193.9
142.4
142.1
143.3
142.9
144.2
144.2
144.6
145.0
91.3
101.4
102.3
91.7
197.6 212.6
211.5
197.3
677.7 709.8 707.7
662.1
602.3 601.9 642.9 641.8
972.5 917.1 1,082.5 1,092.5
165.9
169.7
198.9
198.1
757.9 706.3 837.8 848.9
574.6
594.3
599.3
467.4 468.6 470.3 473.8
572.3
208.5 217.6 220.6
208.1
270.1
276.7
278.7
269.1

739
7391
7392
7393
7394
7395

1,953.0 1,937.7 2,061.5 2,065.2
186.2
186.1
197.6
196.9
533.2 535.4
578.5 577.3
439.3
444.2
458.6 461.0
182.0
184.7
191.2
191.3
77.9
81.0
83.6
83.4

Miscellaneous business services
Research development laboratories, nee
Management and public relations
Detective and protective services
Equipment rental and leasing
Photofinishing laboratories

Jan.
1987 P

348.7

348.0

360.8

361.8

309.8

310.5

321.0

322.1

Auto repair, services, and garages
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Automotive repair shops

75
751
753

743.6
156.3
451.6

742.6
153.5
449.9

776.6
171.4
464.9

776.3
170.3
463.4

624.1

622.4

649.8

648.5

376.3

374.1

387.2

385.7

Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops

76
762

331.9
103.6

327.0
103.0

329.0
105.8

327.9
106.3

276.1

271.9

272.9

272.2

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters

78
781
783

214.3
104.4
98.8

212.1
103.1
98.0

222.3
116.4
94.5

223.3
115.5
96.3

181.7
86.9

179.4
85.4

187.9
96.2

189.3
95.4

Amusement and recreation services

79

771.9

730.3

862.8

866.3

677.3

637.4

756.5

758.5

Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Outpatient care facilities

80
801
802
805
8051
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808

6,410.5
976.0
448.3
1,244.8
818.9
425.9
3,003.0
2,819.7
58.4
124.9
122.6
227.7

6,431.3
985.3
449.0
1,247.6
821.5
426.1
3,004.2
2,821.2
58.2
124.8
122.6
231.1

6,688.2
1,033.9
467.0
1,308.4
860.0
448.4
3,072.5
2,884.3
59.9
128.3
134.3
248.5

6,715.5 6,749.3 5,703.1 5,717.1 5,945.0 5,968.0
809.7 814.6 853.7 859.4
1,040.5
398.5 399.0 413.1
414.4
468.4
1,125.4 1,127.5 1,181.8 1,185.9
1,312.6
863.2
449.4
2,735.6 2,736.9 2,800.0 2,803.9
3,078.6
2,889.9
59.8
128.9
135.0
252.4

See footnotes at end of table.




55

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Legal services

1972
SIC
Code

81

Production workers1

All employees
Dec.
1985

704.1

Jan.
1986
708.6

Nov.
1986

751.4

Dec.
1986P

82
821
822
824

1,442.9 1,373.2 1,490.0 1,460.8
397.5 396.1
396.5 395.7
907.5 840.2
949.0
922.0
68.2
67.5
69.6
69.1

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Residential care

83
832
833
836

1,398.6 1,390.9 1,465.2 1,467.8
269.8 269.2
296.5
297.0
212.9 209.9 217.7
218.1
301.5 301.9
315.3
318.0

Museums, botanical and zoological gardens

84

Membership organizations
Business associations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations

86
861
863
864

1,514.7 1,498.6 1,501.7 1,504.7
88.5
88.5
88.9
88.3
142.4 142.2
142.7
146.2
340.5 324.5 332.0
329.8

Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services
Noncommercial research organizations
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

89
891
892
893

1,259.8 1,275.2 1,305.1 1,305.8
693.4
692.0
717.5
715.3
118.9
117.1
122.7
122.8
421.0 439.5
437.7
440.5

Government
4

Federal Government

4

State government
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions




600.1

Nov.
1986

632.0

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

634.5

1,032.6 1,045.6 1,061.5 1,062.3
587.4
585.9 603.1
601.8
330.9

17,206

17,156

16,889

2,902

2,892

2,879

2,899

2,886

347.0

339.8

341.8

2,824.3
971.3
796.8
1,056.2
36.3
18.7

3731

128.8
77.8

129.1
78.1

122.1
73.9

125.4
74.4

806

39.1
410.7
249.6

38.9
409.7
250.1

39.1
404.9
245.7

38.6
404.8
246.1

806
82

Jan.
1986

45.4

16,617

3,974
3,880 4,080 4,050
460.1
456.0 455.6
461.4
1,668.0 1,563.8 1,730.2 1,698.8

3,940

1,257.8 1,267.4 1,286.5 1,284.0

806
82

9,984
9,845 10,247 10,207 10,063
512.2
509.5 509.0
509.8
613.8 615.0 627.0
627.5
5,676.1 5,559.0 5,861.0 5,849.6
2,884.1 2,865.6 2,952.3 2,927.2

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the
nonsupervisory count for all series in this division.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to

56

45.1

16,860

2,845.4 2755.0
996.0 966.4
776.7 713.5
1,072.7 1075.1
38.4 39.4
18.1 17.1

Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial
Federal government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Shipbuilding and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

40.5

Dec.
1985

597.2

753.6

Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Correspondence and vocational schools

41.5

Jan.
1987P

civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and
the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986

Nov.
1986

44,760

45,135

46,070

46,622

46,999

Total private

36,356

36,613

37,744

37,924

38,179

Goods-producing

6,892

6,878

6,966

6,961

6,949

Mining

120

120

102

102

101

Construction

483

483

528

528

527

6,289

6,275

6,336

6,331

6,321

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment.
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ....
Miscellaneous manufacturing

3,022
109
153
114
102
324
464
909
364
308
175

3,022
109
153
114
102
323
462
907
367
310
174

3,020
117
155
117
101
326
445
904
377
308
171

3,025
118
156
115
101
326
446
905
378
307
174

3,028
117
158
115
101
327
447
903
381
307
173

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

3,267
525
25
339
909
167
611
286
27
277
100

3,253
509
24
339
906
168
618
285
27
278
100

3,316
560
23
348
897
171
632
290
25
280
91

3,306
541
23
348
901
171
637
288
24
283
90

3,293
529
22
350
896
171
641
288
24
282
91

37,868

38,257

39,104

39,661

40,050

Transportation and public utilities

1,477

1,475

1,517

1,520

1,525

Wholesale trade

1,667

1,671

1,718

1,731

1,732

Retail trade

9,202

9,404

9,535

9,588

9,793

Finance, insurance, and real estate .

3,690

3,722

3,963

3,974

3,995

13,428

13,463

14,045

14,150

14,185

8,404
1,014
1,861
5,529

8,522
1,017
1,880
5,625

8,326
1,026
1,826
5,474

8,698
1,023
1,919
5,756

8,820
1,024
1,938
5,858

Industry

Total

Manufacturing

Service-producing

Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are




introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.

57

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1987

1986

Industry
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

99,484

99,783

99,918

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Total ...

99,296

Total private

82,659

82,748

82,785

83,072

83,198

83,161

25,101

25,038

24,945

25,038

24,965

24,854

24,869

24,888

24,858

897
556

880
541

852
518

821
488

790
461

772
446

768
442

753
431

743
422

4,901
1,330

4,864
1,320

4,838
1,298

4,972
1,315

4,974
1,314

4,947
1,299

4,980
1,299

5,012
1,306

19,303

19,294

19,255

19,245

19,201

19,135

19,121

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
..
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products ...
Miscellaneous manufacturing

11,466
716
494
596
798
300
1,455

11,455
716
494
597
795
299
1,452
2,127
2,181
1,998
864
725
370

11,418
715
493
594
787
293
1,450
2,118
2,177
1,989
858
726
369

11,415
719
494
600
785
291
1,451
2,111

11,307
721
496
597

11,294
724
498
593
758

1,986
854
723
369

11,378
719
496
599
780
288
1,447
2,100
2,175
1,972
839
721
369

1,440
2,089
2,143
1,974
839
717
369

2,079
2,169
1,969
824
713
363

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products .. ...
...
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products ..
Leather and leather products ....

7,837
1,623
64
702

7,839

7,837
1,632
63
707
1,117

7,830

7,823

1,633
63
703
1,119

688

689

1,467
1,032
167

1,469
1,031
166

1,640
62
705
1,113
689
1,474

803

804

166
796
154

7,828
1,648
62
707
1,106
690
1,477
1,026
164
797
151

Goods-producing
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Manufacturing ..

2,137

2,182
1,996
867
724
368

1,133
687
1,461

1,631
63
705
1,122
687

2,177

Oct.

Nov.

Dec."

Jan.P

100,105 100,283 100,560 100,826 101,068 101,293 101,741

761
286

84,178

84,368

84,830

24,865

24,891

24,920

25,054

746
423

742
420

740
413

729
410

5,010
1,301

5,001
1,302

4,993
1,307

4,997
1,296

5,139
1,344

19,123

19,105

19,118

19,156

19,183

19,186

11,302
729
499
592
751
272
1,429
2,072
2,168
1,985
839
713
364

11,271
734
500
594
749
270
1,433
2,044
2,162
1,979

11,266
737
500
590
749
272

11,282
743
500

11,286
747
502
593
752
270
1,431
2,030
2,165

11,272
753
505
593
740
266
1,428
2,033
2,161
1,976
820
710
373

7,827
1,645
62
710
1,108
687
1,483
1,025
163
792
152

7,821
1,642
59

7,852
1,644
59
711

1,481
1,026
163
794
152

7,834
1,644
60
709
1,110
691
1,485
1,025
162
797
151

83,508

285
1,428

83,655

711

1,108
685

83,786

834

713
363

83,956

1,429

2,039
2,167
1,979
824
713
363

1,113
694

1,491
1,023
161

591

751
271
1,427
2,036
2,166
1,993
837
710
365
7,874

1,654
61
717
1,112
694
1,493
1,023

1,986
828

710
370
7,897
1,657
60
719
1,124
697

7,914
1,669
59
718
1,119
697
1,498
1,025

163

162

160

1,472
1,028
166
800
157

151

809
151

74,195

74,391

74,539

74,745

74,953

74,989

75,236

75,395

75,702

75,961

76,177

76,373

76,687

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communication and public utilities

5,286
3,056
2,230

5,277
3,048
2,229

5,280
3,053
2,227

5,266
3,040
2,226

5,265
3,037
2,228

5,167
3,035
2,132

5,288
3,057
2,231

5,255
3,063
2,192

5,316
3,088
2,228

5,316
3,094
2,222

5,351
3,117
2,234

5,359
3,124
2,235

5,363
3,129
2,234

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

5,830
3,470
2,360

5,843
3,482
2,361

5,841
3,480
2,361

5,864
3,485
2,379

5,872
3,488
2,384

5,829
3,454
2,375

5,849
3,483
2,366

5,863
3,485
2,378

5,859
3,485
2,374

5,864
3,489
2,375

5,859
3,489
2,370

5,855
3,487
2,368

5,874
3,495
2,379

17,734
2,328
2,880
1,929
5,831

17,795
2,333
2,891
1,938
5,854

17,828
2,333
2,901
1,939
5,868

17,851
2,342
2,910
1,940
5,859

17,911
2,344
2,917
1,944
5,889

17,944
2,350
2,932
1,945
5,918

17,992
2,354
2,938
1,950
5,931

18,030
2,359
2,951
1,962
5,923

18,065
2,362
2,952
1,970
5,948

18,143
2,379
2,963
1,973
5,982

18,197
2,367
2,968
1,977
6,006

18,198
2,327
2,978
1,984
6,049

18,364
2,382
3,006
1,994
6,077

6,123
3,066
1,878
1,179

6,157
3,082
1,889
1,186

6,184
3,095
1,900
1,189

6,228
3,120
1,910
1,198

6,261
3,137
1,918
1,206

6,295
3,159
1,927
1,209

6,334
3,176
1,945
1,213

6,364
3,192
1,952
1,220

6,388
3,202
1,962
1,224

6,409
3,212
1,971
1,226

6,429
3,220
1,979
1,230

6,469
3,236
1,990
1,243

6,491
3,241
1,999
1,251

22,585
4,660
6,447

22,638
4,687
6,471

22,707
4,698
6,497

22,825
4,750
6,511

22,924
4,755
6,543

23,072
4,792
6,571

23,176
4,835
6,601

23,255
4,848
6,634

23,300
4,883
6,649

23,359
4,908
6,677

23,451
4,926
6,695

23,567
4,962
6,729

23,684
4,998
6,763

16,637
2,918
3,916
9,803

16,681
2,918
3,924
9,839

16,699
2,923
3,927
9,849

16,711
2,914
3,938
9,859

16,720
2,899
3,936
9,885

16,682
2,875
3,927
9,880

16,597
2,866
3,921
9,810

16,628
2,875
3,919
9,834

16,774
2,901
3,932
9,941

16,870
2,896
3,959
10,015

16,890
2,899
3,965
10,026

16,925
2,911
3,978
10,036

16,911
2,912
3,976
10,023

Service-producing ..

Retail trade
General merchandise stores

Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations .
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate ..

Services
Business services .
Health services ..
Government
Federal
State
Local
p

1,034
168
802

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1985

58



1,024

805

160

1,494

1,020
159
814
153

160

817
152

benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally
adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1986

1985
Industry
Nov.
Total
Total private

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

44,601 44,753 44,955 45,127 45,237 45,397 45,556 45,602 45,758 45,906 46,074 46,271 46,440
36,319 36,446 36,639 36,767 36,867 37,014 37,142 37,182 37,386 37,508 37,568 37,720 37,869
6,847

6,866

6,893

6,889

6,887

6,893

6,885

6,866

6,874

6,872

6,877

6,895

6,914

Mining

120

119

120

120

118

114

112

108

106

105

102

102

101

Construction

482

486

494

493

499

505

510

512

517

518

520

522

526

6,245

6,261

6,279

6,276

6,270

6,274

6,263

6,246

6,251

6,249

6,255

6,271

6,287

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment ...
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

3,012
109
152
113
103
322
463
906
366
309
169

3,011
110
152
113
103
322
461
905
366
310
169

3,020
110
152
115
103
322
464
905
368
311
170

3,017
111
153
114
103
322
460
903
370
311
170

3,014
112
154
113
102
322
460
901
369
312
169

3,019
111
154
114
102
324
461
902
370
311
170

3,016
112
155
114
101
323
458
903
370
310
170

2,996
113
155
115
99
324
456
887
369
309
169

3,003
114
155
115
99
322
454
901
370
308
165

3,008
115
155
114
101
322
451
903
373
308
166

3,008
115
155
114
101
325
448
901
374
308
167

3,013
116
156
113
101
324
448
903
377
308
167

3,016
117
156
114
101
325
448
901
380
306
168

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products ...
Leather and leather products

3,233
500
23
337
901
168
616
286
27
278
97

3,250
508
22
337
908
167
617
287
21
279
98

3,259
507
22
340
912
167
619
287
26
282
97

3,259
513
22
342
902
168
622
287
26
281
96

3,256
513
22
343
899
168
623
287
26
281
94

3,255
512
22
341
902
168
626
286
26
279
93

3,247
513
21
343
895
168
625
287
26
278
91

3,250
517
21
343
892
168
629
288
25
278
89

3,248
512
21
346
894
169
632
287
25
274
88

3,241
510
19
345
889
168
632
288
25
275
90

3,247
511
20
344
890
169
634
288
25
277
89

3,258
513
20
344
892
170
637
289
24
281
88

3,271
519
21
347
891
171
639
289
24
282
88

Goods-producing

Manufacturing

Service-producing

37,754 37,887 38,062 38,238 38,350 38,504 38,671 38,736 38,884 39,034 39,197 39,376 39,526

Transportation and public utilities

1,468

1,472

1,475

1,478

1,482

1,483

1,486

1,441

1,501

1,482

1,506

1,506

1,519

Wholesale trade

1,653

1,660

1,676

1,689

1,691

1,707

1,718

1,706

1,715

1,715

1,713

1,712

1,713

Retail trade

9,185

9,193

9,268

9,313

9,347

9,362

9,383

9,392

9,422

9,479

9,488

9,531

9,563

Finance, insurance, and real estate

3,730

3,748

3,771

3,796

3,816

3,848

3,878

3,904

3,932

3,957

3,967

3,982

4,003

13,436 13,507 13,556 13,602 13,644

13,721

Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

8,282
1,026
1,821
5,435

8,307
1,031
1,824
5,452

8,316
1,034
1,832
5,450

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all




8,360
1,038
1,843
5,479

8,370
1,036
1,847
5,487

8,383
1,034
1,856
5,493

13,792 13,873 13,942 14,003 14,017 14,094 14,157
8,414
1,030
1,863
5,521

8,420
1,020
1,868
5,532

8,372
1,017
1,868
5,487

8,398
1,021
1,867
5,510

8,506
1,031
1,861
5,614

8,551
1,030
1,872
5,649

8,571
1,033
1,878
5,660

seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.

59

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers
seasonally adjusted

1

on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,

(In thousands)
1987

1986
Industry
Jan.
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan. p

66,856 66,945 66,916 67,167 67,261 67,223 67,517 67,632 67,742 67,854 68,076 68,239 68,595
17,597

17,536 17,454

17,546 17,475

17,388 17,395 17,429

17,407

17,408

17,452

17,480

17,598

634

622

598

573

547

535

533

526

520

522

523

521

509

3,852

3,817

3,795

3,913

3,903

3,874

3,901

3,932

3,927

3,912

3,909

3,908

4,030

13,097 13,061

13,060

13,025

12,979

12,961

12,971

12,960

12,974

13,020

13,051

13,059

13,111

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

7,595
602
394
459
606
232
1,076
1,280
1,262
1,259
669
391
266

7,579
602
394
459
604
231
1,072
1,272
1,258
1,258
666
392
268

7,545
602
395
459
596
225
1,069
1,267
1,252
1,247
660
392
266

7,547
605
395
463
596
224
1,073
1,263
1,249
1,245
658
392
266

7,519
605
397
462
591
222
1,068
1,256
1,250
1,233
645
390
267

7,462
606
397
460
574
220
1,062
1,250
1,224
1,233
644
389
267

7,441
604
398
458
569
220
1,052
1,240
1,246
1,223
629
387
264

7,458
610
400
456
562
207
1,054
1,239
1,249
1,235
640
389
264

7,438
615
401
457
560
204
1,058
1,215
1,245
1,235
639
388
264

7,435
618
402
454
560
206
1,056
1.211
1,247
1,236
630
387
264

7,452
623
400
455
562
203
1,055
1,205
1,252
1,249
642
385
266

7,463
626
402
459
563
203
1,060
1,203
1,251
1,241
634
387
271

7,451
629
404
457
554
200
1,059
1,206
1,251
1,230
627
386
275

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

5,516
1,137
48
608
956
521
811
573
104
623
135

5,518
1,145
47
609
946
521
815
574
104
623
134

5,516
1,145
48
611
940
521
817
573
103
625
133

5,513
1,145
48
607
943
522
820
572
103
623
130

5,506
1,149
47
610
938
523
820
569
103
620
127

5,517
1,160
46
611
933
524
823
572
103
621
124

5,520
1,158
47
614
936
522
828
572
102
617
124

5,513
1,153
43
615
935
519
825
574
103
621
125

5,522
1,157
44
612
937
523
827
572
102
624
124

5,539
1,155
44
616
940
527
832
571
102
628
124

5,568
1,168
46
622
940
528
833
572
102
632
125

5,588
1,169
45
624
951
532
836
568
102
634
127

5,608
1,181
44
625
945
533
839
574
103
637
127

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

49,259 49,409 49,462 49,621 49,786 49,835 50,122 50,203 50,335 50,446 50,624 50,759 50,997
4,384
4,686

4,377
4,695

4,373
4,693

4,554

19,863 19,929

4,571




4,354

4,325

4,387

4,393

4,424

4,440

4,439

4,693

4,690

4,698

4,674

4,705

4,708

4,700

15,939 15,981

16,018

16,045

16,091

16,153

16,187

16,192

16,331

4,651

4,683

4,704

4,716

4,723

4,745

4,768

4,784

4,711

4,603

4,629

19,958 20,064 20,146 20,259 20,362 20,421 20,441 20,483 20,575 20,669 20,745

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.

60

4,270

4,694

4,712

15,794 15,854 15,867 15,880
4,532

4,361

4,362

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
INDEXES OF DIFFUSION
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-7. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased, seasonally adjusted

Time
span

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

52.4
59.7
56.2

47.8
53.5

53.8
45.1

49.2
54.1

51.6
49.2

47.0
46.2

56.2
54.6

56.8
54.3

50.8
54.9

61.9
55.1

57.6
62.7

p

59.5
61.9

55.1
54.9

55.9
62.4

61.4
65.7

P

60.5
65.9

Over
1-month
span

1985
1986
1987

Over
3-month
span

1985
1986
1987

51.1
58.1

49.7
54.3

46.2
51.1

46.2
49.7

45.1
48.4

51.4
44.9

49.7
47.3

51.1
54.1

Over
6-month
span

1985
1986
1987

49.2
53.8

47.8
53.8

43.0
47.6

45.9
45.9

44.3
45.9

44.3
48.6

48.9
49.7

50.8
55.4

Over
12-month
span

1985
1986
1987

46.2
50.3

45.7
51.1

46.8
52.2

43.8
52.4

44.9
52.7

47.6
53.0

48.9

P

Based on the number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,
3, and 6 month spans, on the payrolls of 185 private nonagricultural
industries. Data for the 12-month span are unadjusted.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment




P

47.3
54.3

p

p

54.1
63.0
47.3

P

P

Dec.

57.0
63.2

57.0

55.9

49.5

48.9

48.6

rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.)
Data are centered within the spans. Establishment survey estimates
are currently projected from March 1985 benchmark levels. When
more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted
data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Total

Constructior

Mining

State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

1,439.9
374.4
113.4
158.6
117.5
55.4

1,452.4
381.6
11^.9
157.2
117.7
57.3

1,453.6
383.4
116.1
158.4
118.1
56.9

14.6
7.5
.1
1.0
.1
3.1

11.8
5.9
.1
.7
.1
2.9

11.8
5.8
.1
.7
.1
2.9

73.1
21.1
4.3
11.4
7.3
2.7

73.0
23.0
4.8
10.3
7.7
3.1

72.0
22.7
4.7
10.3
7.6
3.1

224.5

217.6

213.0

9.1

7.8

7.6

14.9

13.5

11.2

1,323.8
870.1
241.0

1,376.2
909.7
245.1

1,379.7
913.2
244.9

11.7
.6
2.1

10.7
.6
1.6

10.7
.6
1.6

110.4
76.8
21.7

112.7
77.9
22.0

108.6
74.6
21.5

814.8
44.3
70.9
224.7
32.1

833.7
45.9
72.4
224.3
32.7

832.5
45.5
72.6
225.6
31.4

4.3

36.9
1.9
3.1
11.9
2.3

37.1
2.0
3.3
12.4
2.9

35.2
1.9
3.2
12.3
1.6

11,186.2
1,010.2
158.0
194.3
3,903.4
96.1
790.5
191.3
531.3
503.2
102.2
802.4
934.1
792.7
141.3
116.2
131.8
115.5

11,402.7
1,039.8
152.2
199.1
3,969.5
100.2
808.9
197.3
554.3
521.4
106.3
824.2
940.9
790.6
144.2
117.7
135.4
120.1

11,447.4
1,045.3
152.0
198.7
3,990.5
99.4
812.0
197.8
558.8
519.7
106.1
828.5
948.1
790.9
144.9
118.4
135.7
120.5

50.0
3.2
16.8
1.0
12.6
.1
2.0
3.2
1.3
.9
.4
.8
1.4
.2
1.5
.7
.1
.4

42.4
2.5
11.5
.7
11.5
.1
1.9
3.1
1.3
.7
.5
.8
1.4
.2
1.4
.5
.1
.3

41.9
2.5
11.1
.6
11.5
.1
1.9
3.1
1.3
.7
.5
.8
1.4
.2
1.4
.5
.1
.3

489.7
52.6
9.2
11.2
122.3
6.4
46.8
8.8
39.8
27.5
3.7
47.3
33.0
32.8
6.6
7.1
7.7
6.7

506.0
53.6
8.3
11.6
124.0
6.3
49.5
10.3
41.6
31.6
4.0
50.2
36.1
31.5
6.7
7.3
8.0
7.6

502.9
53.8
8.2
11.3
123.7
6.2
49.0
10.2
41.9
31.0
4.1
50.5
35.4
30.8
6.7
7.0
7.8
7.5

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,440.6
103.7
821.2

1,448.0
108.8
823.5

1,448.8
108.5
823.2

31.6
.3
20.6

27.2
.2
17.8

27.0
.2
17.8

81.2
4.2
43.9

82.2
4.6
42.7

78.3
4.3
40.7

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

1,601.2
194.7
454.2
60.6
239.9
123.7
87.3

1,646.1
199.5
465.6
64.0
246.8
125.6
86.0

1,654.3
200.8
468.5
64.2
247.8
126.8
86.4"

1.7

68.8
7.6
16.9
3.5
11.0
5.3
3.8

76.6
8.8
19.4
3.8
12.6
5.8
4.3

74.7
8.7
19.0
3.6
12.3
5.7
4.2

300.2
261.5

307.8
266.8

310.4
270.0

.1
.2

.1
.2

.1
.2

18.6
18.3

17.7
16.1

17.3
15.7

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

637.5
1,970.0

655.7
2,022.8

657.0
2,031.6

.1
1.3

.1
1.2

.1
1.2

13.0
116.5

16.8
129.2

16.8
127.7

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach .
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

4,532.1
103.6
439.6
96.9
86.7
370.7
136.1
139.5
803.4
424.4
117.6
93.3
100.0
745.2
297.0

4,685.2
109.6
446.5
102.8
90.8
388.2
136.3
136.3
814.9
449.2
119.9
95.8
104.5
757.8
309.9

4,737.9
110.0
451.7
104.4
91.2
391.5
137.7
136.5
821.9
455.9
120.0
96.5
104.8
764.5
314.4

9.9

10.4
(1)
.4

10.3

0

O
0

(1)
(1)

339.2
7.2
37.3
11.3
4.3
27.4
8.9
9.2
38.6
34.0
9.7
10.0
4.8
61.0
28.9

343.3
7.4
37.1
12.3
4.4
27.5
8.8
8.7
38.4
35.4
9.9
9.9
5.4
61.5
30.0

342.3
7.4
37.0
12.2
4.4
27.4
8.8
8.2
38.1
35.5
9.7
10.0
5.4
61.5
30.3

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

62




Dec.
1986^

Dec.
1986P

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1985

4.3

5.3

0

(1)

(1)
.9
.4

1.1
.4
(1)

1.6

1.8
(1)
.3

.3
(1)

(1)

.4
(1)
(1)
.5
4.4

O

(1)

1

()
.8

.8
(1)

.3

.3

0

.6

.6
(1)

.3

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
.6

.4

.5
4.4

.5
4.5

()
.9

(1)

O

()

1

(1)

.2
.8
1

()

(1)

.3

(1)

1

()

0

.3
.8

.3
.8
1

1.0
.4

0

0

(1)

Dec.
1985

(1)

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities

Manufacturing

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Dec.
1985
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

354.3
55.6
31.5
25.7
17.0
8.2

Nov.
1986
352.5
52.6
30.9
25.8
17.2
8.8

Dec.
1986?
352.4
52.1
30.7
25.9
17.2
8.9

Dec.
1985
72.6
29.0
2.4
9.3
4.6
2.0

Nov.
1986
70.9
29.4
2.5
8.5
4.5
2.1

Dec.
1986p
71.3
29.5
2.5
9.1
4.5
2.0

Dec.
1985
313.9
94.5
22.1
42.7
26.8
11.4

Nov.
1986
322.2
99.3
22.1
43.3
26.5
11.5

Dec.
1986?
324.6
101.6
22.6
43.9
26.9
11.6

8.0

9.3

8.7

18.3

18.3

17.9

47.0

43.8

44.0

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

182.0
129.2
32.8

184.6
131.5
32.1

184.0
131.0
32.1

64.8
42.5
9.4

66.3
43.7
9.8

67.0
44.3
9.9

335.0
230.1
54.6

343.7
236.2
56.4

349.4
240.9
56.7

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

210.1
9.2
23.9
33.9
5.6

214.2
10.1
24.8
31.7
5.7

214.5
9.9
25.0
31.6
5.8

48.2
3.8
3.4
14.7
2.9

51.9
3.9
3.4
14.6
2.9

51.6
3.9
3.4
14.6
2.9

188.5
11.0
16.2
55.8
6.8

191.0
11.2
16.0
55.4
6.5

192.4
11.2
16.2
57.1
6.6

2,088.7
240.3
10.5
21.8
904.2
19.9
105.3
28.6
66.7
34.9
9.2
122.7
81.4
284.4
23.3
17.8
20.5
10.5

2,105.9
241.4
10.3
24.3
916.0
20.9
104.5
29.0
69.5
36.2
9.7
120.1
79.9
276.8
23.7
17.8
20.7
11.2

2,102.3
241.2
10.1
23.3
917.0
20.3
105.0
28.9
69.4
35.3
9.5
119.3
80.2
276.2
23.8
18.0
20.7
11.0

571.0
33.4
8.4
10.3
200.4
4.3
51.9
9.6
29.8
23.5
5.2
31.5
82.9
22.2
5.6
5.4
7.8
4.4

573.4
34.3
8.4
10.8
200.0
4.3
55.5
10.4
30.4
24.3
5.3
31.7
80.1
22.2
5.5
5.6
8.4
4.6

576.2
34.1
8.4
10.8
201.5
4.3
55.5
10.5
30.5
24.2
5.3
31.9
80.8
22.4
5.5
5.6
8.3
4.6

2,713.3
259.9
40.2
50.3
924.0
25.2
203.3
50.0
138.4
123.4
28.6
195.1
221.0
158.5
34.5
30.4
31.9
28.0

2,767.0
272.1
40.2
50.6
931.7
26.7
205.3
50.6
140.4
126.9
29.6
201.7
224.9
160.6
34.9
31.2
33.0
29.5

2,807.4
276.1
40.4
51.2
946.1
26.5
207.7
51.2
143.6
128.0
29.6
205.6
230.1
161.7
35.4
31.8
33.2
29.8

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

191.2
28.8
101.1

189.9
28.8
98.8

189.1
29.0
98.5

89.4
2.5
64.4

86.4
2.5
62.1

87.2
2.5
63.0

361.4
21.9
209.3

364.0
23.8
209.7

367.2
24.1
211.2

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

403.9
62.6
93.6
19.4
45.5
27.8
28.3

405.2
62.4
93.3
21.0
47.2
26.0
26.4

404.8
62.3
93.5
20.9
47.3
26.1
26.3

70.6
7.6
17.4
3.4
17.7
4.9
3.2

72.3
7.8
17.9
3.6
17.9
5.0
3.2

72.6
7.9
18.1
3.6
17.9
5.0
3.2

369.5
46.3
100.9
12.3
58.1
30.8
17.4

376.2
48.0
100.7
12.5
59.6
31.1
17.3

384.7
48.9
102.9
12.8
60.5
32.1
17.9

Delaware
Wilmington

71.9
61.9

69.1
59.3

70.3
60.7

12.4
13.3

12.1
13.7

12.2
13.9

67.5
55.8

70.4
57.7

71.9
59.0

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

15.2
83.8

15.3
82.7

15.3
82.3

25.6
88.8

24.2
90.3

24.2
90.6

66.6
406.0

64.0
403.4

64.6
411.2

522.3
12.2
44.6
5.0
5.2
37.5
22.7
26.7
94.6
49.9
11.3
7.6
4.1
91.2
37.5

530.7
12.6
45.5
5.2
5.3
38.0
21.4
26.0
93.0
54.0
10.9
8.1
4.2
90.8
36.5

532.5
12.5
45.7
5.3
5.4
38.2
21.5
26.1
92.5
54.4
10.9
8.1
4.2
90.3
36.6

245.9
3.3
21.0
4.3
1.7
28.1
6.3
5.6
69.4
22.1
6.9
3.6
2.8
37.1
10.4

245.7
3.4
20.8
4.6
1.8
28.6
6.6
5.4
68.9
22.5
6.5
3.5
3.0
36.8
11.4

248.6
3.4
20.9
4.6
1.8
29.2
6.6
5.4
69.9
23.2
6.8
3.5
3.0
36.8
11.5

1,231.2
30.3
129.6
30.2
18.9
102.7
37.3
32.3
217.3
117.1
29.8
27.6
21.6
207.9
77.8

1,290.0
31.9
130.2
31.6
20.7
108.8
37.3
32.5
221.5
122.7
30.5
28.7
22.3
210.6
81.4

1,325.8
32.4
132.8
32.6
21.0
110.4
38.6
33.0
226.6
125.6
30.4
29.1
22.6
216.3
84.1

Alaska

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Florida
Daytona Beach
~
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach .
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melboume-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
See footnotes at end of table.




63

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986^

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

67.1
26.9
3.2
8.1
7.0
1.8

70.2
27.7
3.3
7.8
7.1
1.8

70.5
27.8
3.2
7.7
7.1
1.8

243.6
81.9
21.8
32.6
23.4
7.3

248.8
84.4
23.5
33.1
23.4
7.6

249.2
84.7
23.7
32.9
23.4
7.5

300.7
57.9
28.0
27.8
31.3
18.9

303.0
59.3
28.7
27.7
31.2
19.5

301.8
59.2
28.6
27.9
31.3
19.1

Alaska

12.7

12.7

12.6

45.0

43.3

43.0

69.5

68.9

68.0

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

84.3
66.1
11.9

91.7
72.1
13.0

92.3
72.7
13.0

305.9
207.7
57.8

326.2
223.2
59.6

328.9
225.8
59.5

229.7
117.1
50.7

240.3
124.5
50.6

238.8
123.3
50.6

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

36.9
1.5
2.6
15.1
1.6

37.7
1.4
2.8
15.2
1.7

37.8
1.4
2.8
15.2
1.7

140.5
6.1
13.4
47.6
5.6

148.2
6.3
13.7
49.3
5.5

147.8
6.4
13.6
49.2
5.5

148.4
10.8
7.2
45.3
7.3

149.3
11.0
7.5
45.3
7.5

148.9
10.8
7.4
45.2
7.3

751.4
75.7
5.9
13.1
264.6
4.1
48.3
10.3
22.5
28.9
4.8
52.7
111.0
32.0
7.5
7.9
8.1
4.7

769.8
78.3
6.0
13.6
271.5
4.2
52.2
10.5
23.5
30.7
5.0
54.0
110.6
33.0
7.6
8.1
8.0
5.0

772.1
78.6
6.0
13.7
272.5
4.3
52.5
10.5
23.8
30.7
5.0
54.1
110.6
33.0
7.6
8.1
8.1
4.9

2,683.3
233.9
29.6
43.3
986.4
20.1
175.9
40.7
121.7
104.8
24.3
202.0
266.5
180.6
36.6
25.0
27.3
25.3

2,755.9
243.0
29.9
45.1
1,015.2
20.7
180.5
42.1
128.2
107.2
25.7
210.8
269.4
183.0
37.5
25.2
28.0
25.8

2,765.4
244.8
30.1
45.4
1,019.4
20.7
180.9
42.2
129.1
107.1
25.5
211.7
270.6
183.0
37.5
25.4
27.8
26.1

1,838.8
111.2
37.4
43.3
488.9
16.0
157.0
40.1
111.1
159.3
26.0
150.3
136.9
82.0
25.7
21.9
28.4
35.5

1,882.3
114.6
37.6
42.4
499.6
17.0
159.5
41.3
119.4
163.8
26.5
154.9
138.5
83.3
26.9
22.0
29.2
36.1

1,879.2
114.2
37.7
42.4
498.8
17.0
159.5
41.2
119.2
162.7
26.6
154.6
139.0
83.6
27.0
22.0
29.7
36.3

99.5
3.8
67.1

100.8
4.0
68.7

101.5
4.0
68.9

330.8
21.4
194.7

337.5
22.8
199.9

339.7
22.8
200.4

255.4
20.9
120.1

260.1
22.0
123.7

258.6
21.6
122.7

133.1
10.1
68.9
3.2
13.7
10.2
3.6

141.0
10.9
72.9
3.6
14.2
10.7
3.6

141.5
10.9
73.2
3.7
14.3
10.8
3.6

360.3
41.9
98.7
12.3
63.3
34.5
20.1

373.5
42.8
102.8
12.8
65.0
36.8
20.5

375.9
43.3
103.4
13.0
65.5
36.9
20.5

193.4
18.6
57.5
6.5
30.3
9.4
10.9

199.5
18.8
58.3
6.7
30.0
9.4
10.7

198.4
18.8
58.1
6.6
29.8
9.4
10.7

20.6
19.1

22.3
21.4

22.5
21.8

63.4
56.3

68.6
60.5

68.7
61.1

45.7
36.6

47.5
37.9

47.3
37.7

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

35.1
110.4

35.3
115.9

35.6
116.8

221.2
601.2

231.5
626.6

231.5
626.9

260.9
562.0

268.4
573.4

268.9
574.9

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach .
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

324.7
6.2
36.6
7.1
3.4
33.2
7.8
5.1
66.2
27.5
5.0
7.8
4.5
58.3
24.1

336.9
6.5
38.1
7.4
3.4
35.0
7.8
5.0
67.8
30.0
5.2
8.0
4.5
60.2
24.5

339.1
6.5
38.2
7.5
3.4
35.2
7.8
5.1
68.1
30.4
5.3
7.8
4.5
60.3
24.8

1,163.6
27.2
117.2
24.5
19.0
85.3
30.3
41.6
213.4
123.0
27.9
25.4
18.7
193.9
82.8

1,205.5
30.1
120.4
26.6
20.3
91.7
31.0
39.3
216.7
130.6
29.3
26.1
20.0
200.0
88.3

1,215.6
30.0
122.2
27.0
20.5
91.9
31.1
39.2
217.7
132.7
29.3
26.6
20.0
201.6
89.1

695.3
17.2
52.9
14.4
34.1
56.0
18.4
18.9
103.0
50.7
26.7
11.2
43.2
95.2
35.5

722.7
17.7
54.0
15.0
34.8
58.1
18.9
19.3
107.8
53.9
27.3
11.3
44.9
97.3
37.8

723.7
17.8
54.5
15.1
34.6
58.7
18.9
19.5
108.2
54.0
27.3
11.3
44.8
97.1
38.0

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco ...
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

64




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area

Georgia
Albany
Athens ..,
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah ..

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

2,626.1
49.9
59.6
1,305.6
147.2
90.7
117.0
97.5

2,696.4
48.2
61.4
1,364.5
147.3
89.8
116.9
100.3

2,707.9
48.4
60.6
1,371.5
147.1
90.4
116.9
101.0

Hawaii
Honolulu ..,

430.2
347.1

437.0
351.7

441.0
354.9

Idaho
Boise City

343.0
87.9

339.8
89.6

336.6
89.8

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur..,
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

4,794.4
129.5
52.0
79.0
2,974.4
148.6
50.3
93.3
32.1
175.3
129.9
120.3
90.5

4,876.1
133.4
53.5
80.9
3,009.2
145.2
49.8
93.7
32.2
181.2
129.0
121.6
91.5

Indiana
Anderson
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,220.6
48.5
88.1
122.8
169.1
217.6
564.4
61.4
48.5
106.0
52.2

2,307.0
48.4
92.2
124.4
175.2
210.2
582.5
62.9
49.3
108.7
52.7

.1
1.2
.5
.1
.2

15.7
5.5

14.5
5.7

12.8
5.3

25.5

182.0
4.7
1.2
1.9
106.5
4.6
1.6
4.7
1.2
6.6
5.6
3.5
2.5

197.9
5.4
1.3
2.1
119.7
4.8
1.8
4.5
1.2
7.1
5.8
3.9
2.7

187.6
5.2
1.2
2.0
112.7
4.6
1.7
4.5
1.2
6.6
5.5
3.6
2.5

94.7
1.3
2.4
6.9
7.4
12.3
25.6
1.6
1.4
4.4
1.8

112.8
1.4
2.7
7.1
8.9
14.0
28.7
2.1
1.7
5.1
1.9

109.4
1.3
2.7
7.0
8.7
13.6
27.8
2.0
1.6
4.9
1.8

36.6
3.4
9.8

32.4
3.2
8.9

(2)

1.4
1.6

1.3
1.4

0
2.5

3.6

4,872.5
133.8
53.3
80.0
3,016.1
144.7
49.6
94.0
32.3
180.8
129.1
121.5
91.1

28.2
(1)

26.0
(1)

(1)

(1)

2,307.3
48.3
92.0
124.2
176.2
209.8
583.5
62.7
49.1
108.9
52.7

9.4

0

01
()
01
()
(1)
()
(11)
()

01
()

(1)
()

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)

(1)
(1)

1

( )

0
0

(1)

(1)
(1)

9

9

()
(1)

9
(11)
() .5

9.1

9.2

2.5

2.6

2.8
1

2.3

2.5

2.3

0

(1)

9

(1)

(1)

9
9

(1)

0
0

(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)

.5

.5

2.2
.2

2.0
.1

(1)
0

()

(1)

(1)

0

31.6
2.9
7.7
1.0
1.2
1.3
1.7

16.3
(1)

11.8
(2)

o 3.2

(1)

2.4

12.2
(2)
1
()
2.5

40.4
.8
2.9
8.8

44.3
(2)
4.0
9.7

40.6
(2)
3.9
9.1

42.5
1.0
.7
1.0

42.6
1.0
.7
1.0

60.0
8.9
21.3
1.7

68.1
11.2
21.7
1.9

66.0
10.7
21.3
1.9

57.6
(2)
1.3
6.6
13.2
1.6
.4
16.2
2.8

56.9
(2)
1.3
6.5
13.3
1.7
.4
16.2
2.7

100.3
2.8
21.2
2.8
5.3
3.6
3.7
27.1
7.9

89.6
(2)
21.9
1.9
4.0
3.3
3.7
23.5
7.4

87.2
(2)
21.5
1.8
3.7
3.4
3.8
23.0
7.0

.1

23.1
1.8
6.0

28.6
1.8
6.5

27.0
1.7
6.3

1.9
.1

48.2
56.4

986.0
30.6
83.3
208.0

1,010.9
(2)
84.4
209.8

1,001.0
(2)
84.5
208.3

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,271.7
167.8
419.7
32.6

1,302.3
169.1
436.4
33.0

1,304.0
168.0
437.2
32.9

43.5
.9
.6
1.0

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,600.4
45.7
215.6
62.6
99.7
58.3
56.6
533.0
138.6

1,518.4
(2)
214.5
53.1
86.2
55.6
55.5
512.6
131.2

1,512.2
(2)
213.9
53.0
85.5
55.7
56.1
511.1
130.6

80.5
.2
1.2
8.2
17.4
2.1
.7
19.2
4.8

465.2
37.5
110.8

479.5
38.1
115.8

479.1
37.9
116.0

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

2.3

(1)

48.3
56.9

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka ...
Wichita

20.0
15.9

0

0
(1)

(2)

19.5
15.6

(1)

1,081.8
84.3
196.7
2
()
(2)

17.2
13.9

(1)

(1)

1,075.5
84.4
196.9
2
()

163.6
2.4
2.6
91.3
8.8
5.0
5.2
7.6

.1
1.7
.5
.1
.2

1

()

Dec.
1986?

165.7
2.4
2.6
92.2
8.9
5.1
5.3
7.6

(1)

.1
1.7
.5
.1
.2

(1)

1,080.9
82.8
194.9
40.5
48.8
48.6
60.2

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

0

Nov.
1986

153.2
2.5
2.7
76.9
9.4
5.3
5.4
5.6

8.8

8.6

8.2
(1)

Dec.
1985

Dec.
1986P

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1985

1

0
l2\

(1)

0

()
(2)

/2\

(2)

.1

.1
(1)

(1)

(1)

0

0

0

I2\
l2\

( )

See footnotes at end of table.




65

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

State and area
Dec.
1985
Georgia ..
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986^

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986^

559.4
10.2
15.0
185.7
37.1
20.7
20.3
15.8

557.5
8.5
15.1
186.1
36.5
19.8
20.1
15.7

558.1
8.5
15.1
186.5
36.5
19.9
20.0
15.8

165.1
2.6
1.7
106.0
5.0
3.2
4.8
10.1

166.2
2.5
1.8
107.2
4.8
3.3
4.9
9.7

166.5
2.4
1.8
107.3
4.8
3.3
4.9
9.9

678.5
12.6
12.8
381.2
32.1
20.5
26.2
25.5

699.3
12.6
13.0
398.4
32.1
19.8
25.7
24.9

711.6
12.7
13.2
405.9
32.3
20.4
25.9
25.1

Hawaii
Honolulu

21.6
15.8

21.6
15.7

21.6
15.7

34.3
28.1

33.9
27.8

34.0
27.8

118.5
94.0

119.2
94.0

121.1
95.5

Idaho.
Boise City

55.3
10.8

53.5
10.8

53.3
10.8

19.1
5.6

18.7
5.7

18.6
5.7

87.4
23.0

85.3
23.2

86.0
23.7

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ...,
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County ...,
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

971.1
37.0
3.9
7.3
573.5
31.9
14.9
19.7
5.1
41.5
31.3
45.0
3.8

959.7
37.3
4.6
7.5
561.0
28.4
13.8
20.4
5.3
41.1
30.1
45.1
3.7

959.1
37.1
4.6
7.5
561.0
28.4
13.8
20.7
5.3
40.9
30.2
45.3
3.7

276.6
3.1
3.2
2.3
186.9
8.0
4.4
8.7
1.4
5.9
6.5
4.4
4.7

274.7
3.3
2.9
2.0
188.5
8.1
4.4
8.6
1.4
5.9
6.4
4.4
4.6

273.4
3.3
2.9
2.0
188.8
7.9
4.3
8.4
1.4
5.9
6.5
4.4
4.6

1,199.5
36.3
12.9
19.4
752.6
41.3
11.5
21.9
8.2
44.5
33.9
27.4
18.8

1,224.0
36.6
12.8
19.5
755.4
41.1
11.7
21.7
8.2
44.0
33.5
27.7
18.7

1,232.5
37.4
12.9
19.5
767.3
41.0
11.7
21.8
8.2
44.5
33.7
27.7
18.7

Indiana
Anderson
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond ..
Indianapolis
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

603.6
19.2
46.9
30.8
46.5
59.2
106.9
11.6
10.8
24.5
10.7

594.6
18.3
49.1
31.1
48.0
49.1
105.8
11.5
10.6
23.8
10.5

594.4
18.1
48.9
30.7
48.5
48.9
105.7
11.5
10.6
23.9
10.5

110.8
1.2
2.8
6.6
11.1
13.7
32.9
1.8
2.3
4.4
2.6

115.9
1.3
2.9
6.7
11.1
13.4
34.4
1.7
2.3
4.7
2.5

116.0
1.3
2.9
6.7
11.2
13.2
34.4
1.7
2.3
4.7
2.6

534.8
10.6
16.7
31.6
42.9
50.4
148.6
13.2
11.9
28.1
14.1

569.1
11.0
17.5
31.9
43.1
50.2
152.1
12.9
12.1
29.3
14.4

575.1
11.1
17.6
32.3
43.6
50.6
154.1
13.1
12.0
29.6
14.4

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

204.1
22.2
22.1
12.0
3.9
10.2
13.6

195.5
22.6
21.0
2
()
2
()
9.6
9.4

195.3
22.8
21.0
2
()
2
()
9.5
9.4

51.0
4.0
12.9
1.7
1.1
3.1
1.9"

49.1
4.0
12.6
2
()
(2)
3.1
1.9

49.0
4.1
12.6
2
()
(2)
3.1
1.8

280.8
20.5
51.9
9.1
9.8
12.5
14.2

278.8
20.0
51.7
2
()
2
()
12.1
14.2

279.8
20.3
52.5
2
()
2
()
12.2
14.2

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

173.2
4.4
9.4
55.5

173.1
(2)
9.1
56.1

172.3
(2)
9.2
55.2

65.5
1.4
6.9
9.9

64.6
(2)
6.8
9.5

65.0
(2)
6.7
9.5

251.6
7.1
19.6
52.4

256.4
(2)
18.9
53.0

256.5
(2)
18.9
53.1

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

255.2
29.4
85.9
5.7

252.2
27.7
85.5
5.7

255.0
27.8
86.1
5.6

67.3
7.6
24.6
2.3

69.2
7.5
25.3
2.3

70.0
7.6
25.3
2.3

307.0
40.6
109.3
8.6

312.2
39.9
114.0
8.3

314.3
39.8
115.2
8.3

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

173.5
3.5
20.5
5.3
6.1
9.1
7.5
44.5
19.3

167.6
(2)
20.0
4.5
4.8
8.5
7.8
43.1
18.0

166.3
(2)
19.9
4.4
4.7
8.6
7.8
43.0
18.1

114.5
2.2
10.2
7.7
7.3
4.3
2.7
45.4
8.5

103.2
(2)
10.6
5.8
6.4
4.1
2.5
42.6
7.7

103.1
(2)
10.6
5.9
6.4
4.0
2.5
42.4
7.7

397.3
11.3
52.5
15.5
26.0
14.7
16.7
145.0
34.1

378.1
(2)
51.0
13.0
23.0
14.4
15.6
139.2
30.6

379.6
(2)
51.3
13.2
22.8
14.3
15.8
140.2
30.8

Maine
Lewiston-Aubum
Portland

107.0
10.2
16.6

105.1
10.1
17.1

105.7
9.9
16.6

19.2
1.4
5.5

19.3
1.4
5.8

19.4
1.3
5.8

111.1
9.1
33.0

114.2
9.1
34.1

114.8
9.4
34.7

See footnotes at end of table.

66



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986p

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

140.1
2.6
1.9
91.2
5.6
5.9
6.8
4.4

145.7
2.5
2.0
94.8
5.8
6.3
7.2
4.4

146.2
2.5
2.0
95.1
5.8
6.3
7.2
4.4

468.7
7.6
8.1
284.4
25.4
14.2
20.1
20.2

496.3
7.7
8.6
301.1
26.2
14.5
20.1
20.8

496.6
7.8
8.5
301.3
26.0
14.6
20.0
20.7

452.9
11.9
17.2
179.0
32.2
20.6
33.1
16.8

457.0
11.9
18.2
182.9
32.6
20.9
33.4
17.2

456.4
11.9
17.3
182.4
32.5
20.9
33.5
17.4

Hawaii
Honolulu

32.1
27.2

32.9
27.9

32.9
27.9

111.1
87.3

114.1
89.7

115.0
90.6

95.4
80.8

95.8
81.0

96.4
81.5

Idaho
Boise City

23.6
8.3

23.7
8.3

23.7
8.3

66.7
18.2

67.8
19.0

67.0
19.1

71.6
16.4

73.8
16.8

72.9
16.8

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

339.8
6.6
8.7
2.6
246.5
7.3
2.6
3.6
1.6
5.6
6.8
4.8
7.6

344.8
6.6
8.7
2.6
251.3
7.4
2.5
3.6
1.6
5.4
7.1
5.0
7.8

345.7
6.6
8.8
2.6
253.0
7.4
2.5
3.7
1.6
5.5
7.1
5.0
7.8

1,102.9
27.2
10.6
12.8
747.7
28.3
9.8
18.6
8.0
39.2
30.2
23.1
22.3

1,138.7
29.5
10.8
13.1
768.6
28.6
10.0
18.8
8.0
43.7
30.5
23.2
22.3

1,136.0
29.5
10.8
13.0
767.9
28.6
10.0
18.8
8.0
43.7
30.5
23.2
22.2

694.3
14.5
11.5
32.7
358.4
27.2
5.3
15.9
6.6
31.3
15.6
12.1
30.7

710.3
14.6
12.4
34.1
362.2
26.8
5.5
15.9
6.5
33.3
15.6
12.3
31.6

712.7
14.6
12.1
33.4
363.1
26.8
5.5
15.9
6.6
33.0
15.6
12.3
31.5

Indiana
Anderson
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

107.5
1.6
2.3
4.8
10.9
7.9
40.9
2.7
1.5
5.2
1.7

113.4
1.6
2.4
4.9
11.5
7.9
42.6
2.8
1.5
5.3
1.7

113.4
1.6
2.4
4.9
11.5
7.9
42.6
2.8
1.5
5.3
1.7

417.0
8.8
11.8
27.6
33.0
42.9
121.3
10.4
9.4
28.4
10.2

439.5
9.1
12.3
28.1
34.8
44.3
129.1
10.8
9.6
29.3
10.4

438.3
9.1
12.2
28.1
34.9
44.3
129.1
10.7
9.5
29.3
10.4

342.8
5.8
5.2
11.7
17.3
31.2
87.4
20.1
11.2
11.0
10.6

352.4
5.7
5.3
12.0
17.8
31.3
89.1
21.1
11.5
11.2
10.8

351.5
5.8
5.3
12.0
17.8
31.3
89.1
20.9
11.6
11.2
10.8

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

63.9
4.8
25.1
1.4
1.3
2.6
3.1

65.0
5.1
25.8
2
()
(2)
2.6
3.1

65.1
5.0
26.0
2
()
(2)
2.6
3.1

233.2
18.0
46.2
11.7
7.2
12.5
13.6

237.8
18.6
47.2
2
()
(2)
13.0
14.1

236.3
18.7
47.3
2
()
(2)
13.0
14.1

214.4
10.3
29.0
3.6
24.3
6.4
12.1

216.8
10.4
28.5
2
()
(2)
6.5
12.6

215.6
10.2
28.5
2
()
(2)
6.5
12.4

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

53.9
.9
5.9
11.0

54.8
(2)
6.1
11.6

55.0
(2)
6.2
11.6

188.4
4.9
18.0
41.6

197.4
(2)
18.5
42.4

197.2
(2)
18.6
42.6

196.7
11.1
20.5
25.6

208.5
(2)
20.9
25.1

202.2
(2)
20.9
24.7

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

58.6
8.3
27.4
1.2

61.6
8.7
28.9
1.4

61.6
8.7
29.0
1.4

249.8
37.5
92.2
7.2

257.7
38.2
98.6
7.3

256.1
37.5
98.0
7.3

230.3
34.6
58.3
4.9

238.8
34.9
61.7
5.1

238.4
34.9
61.7
5.1

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

85.9
2.5
14.0
2.6
3.9
2.7
4.4
33.1
8.0

84.0
(2)
13.8
2.6
3.5
2.6
4.4
32.9
7.8

83.6
(2)
13.5
2.6
3.4
2.6
4.5
32.7
7.9

320.9
10.0
41.1
9.1
19.9
10.8
11.1
133.0
29.5

317.0
(2)
41.8
7.7
17.2
9.8
10.9
130.3
30.3

314.7
(2)
41.7
17.0
9.7
10.9
128.9
29.9

327.5
13.2
54.9
11.4
13.8
11.0
9.8
85.7
26.5

321.3
(2)
54.1
11.0
14.1
11.3
10.2
84.8
26.6

320.8
(2)
54.1
10.9
14.2
11.4
10.4
84.7
26.5

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

21.5
1.9
9.9

23.0
2.0
10.7

23.1
2.1
10.8

93.1
9.3
25.2

98.0
9.7
26.3

98.1
9.5
26.4

90.1
3.8
14.6

91.2
4.0
15.3

90.9
4.0
15.4

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Wamer Robins
Savannah

in

See footnotes at end of table.




67

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

1,928.0
1,044.2
463.1
681.5

1,961.6
1,064.9
471.1
698.0

1,968.0
1,070.0
472.7
702.3

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

2,985.9
1,686.9
69.9
55.7
40.4
163.6
105.4
68.0
41.3
227.6
186.9

3,010.5
1,721.5
72.1
55.7
41.5
164.4
108.5
69.5
42.7
231.4
189.6

3,028.6
1,731.2
72.8
55.7
41.9
165.0
109.0
69.5
42.6
232.5
191.0

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids ..
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

3,588.7
156.1
54.8
60.1
1,796.3
176.0
299.0
49.1
99.9
195.1
55.2
148.4

3,644.4
161.8
(2)
( )
1,842.1
175.4
300.7
(2)
102.1
202.4

3,635.1
162.4

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

(2)

(2)

151.3

152.2

1,885.2
82.9
1,232.2
55.7
64.6

1,925.8
84.4
1,254.2

1,916.4
84.0
1,252.0

66.0

66.3

855.8
168.3

860.0
171.0

860.1
171.5

2,131.5
703.7
36.5
1,078.3
100.3

2,177.6
710.5
(2)
1,086.8
103.6

2,168.3
708.5
(2)
1,080.7
103.5

Montana ..

276.8

272.3

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

654.7
105.7
289.5

670.5
107.5
291.9

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

453.1
259.7
123.2

474.9
271.2
128.8

475.0
272.7
128.1

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua

483.5
81.9
84.9

493.5

496.3

(2)

(2)

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.

68




3,471.9
142.8
647.6
403.3
237.5
490.0
297.4
943.3
186.5
53.5

(2)

1

0

()
.6
1.4
.9

1.5
.7
1

()

0
0
(11)
(1)
(1)
()

.1
.1

10.3
.2

0
()

.4
.2
.1
.5
.1
.2

0

()

9
(11)
(0)

(1)

0

(1)
(1)

0

9

10.5

10.4

1.0

9
(2) .9

(1)

(1)
(1)

9
(2)

(2)

()

9
(2)

2

( )

0

(1)

(2)

(2)

0

0
6.9
1.1
5.9
.4

6.0
.5

143.1
70.9
20.3
64.1

139.2
70.2
20.2
63.6

112.9
59.3
3.4
1.8
2.2
11.0
4.5
2.4
1.7
8.0
8.5

124.0
66.5
4.5
2.4
3.0
8.0
5.6
2.5
1.9
9.5
9.7

120.9
65.2
4.4
2.2
3.0
7.6
5.4
2.4
1.8
9.1
9.7

107.2
4.9
1.4
1.3
49.0
3.8
10.8
.9
2.8
6.0
2.0
5.4

122.5
5.4
()
(2)
56.7
4.3
12.6

6.3

6.2

67.7
2.4
45.6
1.6
2.6

81.5
3.6
53.8

73.8
3.3
50.0

2

(2)

112.7
4.7
/2\

53.8
4.1
11.8
(2)

2.7
6.0

2.9
6.7
2

2

()

()

(2)

(2)

3.2

3.2

37.0
8.0

35.9
8.3

35.1
7.8

5.6
.4

96.3
29.4
1.2
51.9
4.1

109.5
31.4
()
56.1
4.3

105.0
29.4
()
53.5
4.1

()

()

133.9
65.6
20.7
57.4

7.0
1.2

2

2

()

4.9
2.6

5.3
2.4
(1)

8.8
1.7

1

.1
.1

.1
.1

6.1
3.3
(1)
(1)
(1)

1.4
.9
1

.1
.8

1

.6

Dec.
1986P

2

2

3.5
.1

3.4
.1

271.2

6.7

6.3

6.4

9.6

9.1

8.3

665.4
106.2
290.4

1.9

2.1

2.1

28.7
3.9
13.2

26.2
3.6
11.9

27.7
16.7
7.0

27.1
16.6
6.8

37.9

37.5
(2)
4.1

86.6

3,582.3

3,586.4
(2)
666.0
422.7
242.0
505.8
312.6
958.5
194.6
(2)

661.9
421.1
243.2
506.8
312.0
957.0
194.0
(2)

.6

1.8
.2

1.9
.2

Nov.
1986

3.6
.3

85.6

(2)

0

Dec.
1985

Dec.
1986P

Nov.
1986

1.8
.2

( )

1,844.6
173.3
300.1
(2)
102.2
201.3

(2)

(2)

Dec.
1985

.3

.3

.2

24.5
3.7
12.0

6.4
.3
.7

6.5
.2
.8

6.5
.2
.8

23.5
14.8
5.8

.5

34.9
5.2
3.9

(1)

.4
(1)

.1

.5
(2)

.1
2.4

2.1
(1)

(2)

(1)

.6

0

.7
.3

(2)

2.4

(1)
.6
(1)
.6

.6
(1)
(2)

.1

.4
.1

.6

(1)

(1)

(2)

.4
.1

.2
.1

0

(1)

(1)

(1)
(2)

145.9
7.4
26.4
19.5
5.9
20.8
18.0
33.8
4.0
1.6

(2)

4.1
158.1
(2)

30.0
22.4
7.2
22.3
20.0
32.7
4.6
2
()

153.9
(2)
29.0
22.1
7.0
22.1
19.9
32.4
4.5
2
()

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C. .

214.4
136.0
50.9
35.8

208.1
130.6
48.4
34.6

207.5
130.2
48.6
34.2

92.0
58.5
32.3
19.8

92.2
57.7
31.7
20.1

92.5
58.2
32.2
20.3

494.3
254.5
99.0
184.1

489.5
252.8
95.8
181.6

496.6
256.7
95.9
185.8

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

655.5
314.6
11.1
18.7
13.7
56.9
38.8
23.4
11.8
52.8
45.1

624.6
312.8
10.8
18.3
13.8
55.4
37.5
22.5
11.9
52.8
43.0

623.8
312.8
10.7
18.0
13.8
55.4
37.7
22.2
11.8
52.7
42.8

130.5
75.7
5.3
1.7
1.6
6.5
3.9
2.6
1.0
8.8
8.1

130.4
77.5
4.8
1.6
1.7
7.0
3.9
2.5
1.1
8.7
7.9

131.3
78.0
4.9
1.6
1.8
7.0
4.0
2.5
1.0
8.7
7.9

711.6
385.6
21.1
13.7
9.7
34.2
23.4
16.0
11.3
53.0
45.9

715.4
390.8
21.8
13.9
9.8
36.3
25.3
16.4
11.9
54.4
47.1

729.3
399.5
22.4
14.3
10.0
36.9
25.6
16.9
12.2
55.5
48.3

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

993.0
36.0
14.8
20.8
485.7
68.5
99.5
13.0
29.5
39.6
18.8
46.0

975.2
37.3
(2)
2
()
478.7
65.3
96.9

973.1
37.9
(2)
()
478.5
63.5
96.2

147.4
4.4

146.6
4.5
(2)
2
()
81.3
4.2
10.6

436.4
41.7
75.6

839.6
28.3
(2)
2
()
444.7
42.6
76.6

(2)

(2)

(2)

29.4
38.3
2
()
45.0

29.5
38.7
2
()
44.8

810.5
25.8
10.4
11.9
423.3
41.4
74.9
10.6
21.9
37.7
11.8
35.4

825.9
27.4

(2)

145.2
4.6
1.7
2.4
79.7
4.4
10.6
4.1
3.0
4.9
2.6
7.1

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

368.8
6.9
254.6
10.7
10.9

366.6
6.8
252.2
10.5

365.0
6.8
251.6
(2)
11.0

99.9
6.0
68.9
1.8
3.7

Mississippi
Jackson

223.8
20.2

221.3
20.9

220.3
20.6

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

430.3
119.5
8.9
224.7
18.8

419.3
117.0
(2)
220.9
18.9

Montana

20.9

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

(2)
(2)

81.8
4.3
10.6
(2)

(2)

3.1
5.1

3.1
5.1
2

(2)

()
6.8

6.8

100.0
5.7
68.3

99.6
5.6
68.4

3.8

3.8

479.3
22.2
309.4
11.9
19.2

39.8
10.8

40.8
10.9

40.3
10.9

415.9
117.1
(2)
218.5
18.6

144.6
53.2
2.2
72.5
6.0

143.9
53.5
(2)
71.5
6.1

144.0
53.5

20.8

20.8

19.8

87.2
12.9
33.8

88.7
13.0
33.6

88.6
13.0
33.4

22.1
8.0
8.2

22.4
8.1
8.3

123.1
15.3
36.7
716.1
7.9
165.8
77.6
55.5
114.0
31.9
194.1
33.3
14.9

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)
(2)

22.0
38.7
36.3

22.5
39.6
(2)
37.8

478.4
22.0
307.9

481.6
22.1
311.8

(2)

(2)

(2)

20.3

20.5

184.6
41.3

187.1
42.0

189.8
42.8

545.3
191.4

546.6
193.3

(2)

(2)

71.3
6.1

531.0
189.7
9.1
263.4
28.1

263.3
28.8

264.4
29.1

20.2

19.9

77.3

72.5

72.8

43.1
5.7
23.5

42.4
5.8
22.5

42.7
5.8
22.9

168.8
24.6
73.2

169.9
24.3
73.2

170.1
24.4
73.6

22.5
8.1
8.3

25.7
14.6
8.1

26.5
15.0
8.7

26.7
15.0
8.9

95.9
55.6
29.1

98.1
56.6
29.7

99.2
57.4
29.9

119.1

119.5
(2)

15.8
4.9
2.2

16.3

(2)

120.3
22.2
18.1

122.5
(2)
18.6

839.3
27.8
187.3
110.7
56.3
120.2
83.6
198.0
31.3
11.1

864.0

879.3

(2)

(2)

186.2
113.9
59.1
121.7
87.0
201.6
32.0
(2)

190.7
115.7
59.7
122.5
87.9
203.8
32.5
(2)

36.1

36.2

720.3

716.6

(2)

(2)

166.5
78.4
55.6
115.2
32.2
191.5
34.0
(2)

166.4
77.8
54.2
113.7
31.5
191.9
34.4
(2)

228.9
5.9
31.6
17.1
30.7
37.6
15.1
77.2
5.8
2.2

16.2
(2)

(2)

(2)

2.2

2.2
232.9

232.1

(2)

(2)

31.9
17.7
31.1
38.1
15.3
78.4
6.2
(2)

32.2
17.6
30.8
38.3
15.4
77.8
6.1
(2)

124.5
(2)

19.1

See footnotes at end of table.




69

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estat e
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Government

Services

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1985

Dec.
1986P

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D C

113 1
68 9
43 4
36 7

1187
72 7
45 7
38 9

119 1
72 9
45 8
39 3

478 5
254 5
128 3
189 0

508 1
272 4
139 9
199 1

511
272
139
199

2
7
4
4

400 0
206 0
88 5
158 1

400
207
89
159

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

195 1
132.8
3.0
2.8
1.5
5.4
3.7
2.6
2.1
14.6
11.7

202 9
139.6
3.1
2.8
1.6
5.6
3.9
3.3
2.1
15.2
12.1

204 3
140.7
3.1
2.8
1.6
5.7
4.0
3.2
2.2
15.3
12.3

795 2
521.5
14.3
10.3
7.1
31.1
17.6
11.3
8.6
53.0
43.9

829 3
541.8
15.5
10.3
7.0
32.8
18.3
12.1
8.8
54.9
46.2

832 5
541.9
15.7
10.3
7.1
32.9
18.3
12.0
8.6
55.2
46.7

383 6
196.7
11.7
6.7
4.6
18.5
13.4
9.7
4.7
36.6
23.6

382 5
191.6
11.6
6.4
4.6
19.3
13.9
10.2
4.9
35.8
23.5

385 1
192.2
11.6
6.5
4.6
19.5
13.9
10.3
4.9
35.9
23.2

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint .
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

164.0
4.4
3.9
2.2
96.7
6.1
11.9
1.5
4.0
10.6
1.3
6.0

170.7
4.5
(2)
(2)
99.8
6.4
12.5
2
()
4.3
11.5
(2)
5.9

172.0
4.6
(2)
(2)
100.7
6.4
12.5
2
()
4.3
11.5
(2)
5.9

759.7
30.1
11.0
13.0
429.2
29.0
61.2
9.5
22.0
32.9
10.9
28.8

785.0
31.3
(2)
(2)
449.1
30.2
61.9
(2)
23.2
36.0
(2)
30.2

783.3
31.4
(2)
(2)
447.3
30.0
62.1
(2)
23.2
35.9
(2)
30.3

598.8
50.2
11.6
8.4
232.0
22.9
29.6
9.4
16.5
62.8
7.6
19.5

607.1
51.4
(2)
(2)
238.6
23.1
30.2
(2)
17.1
65.7
(2)
20.6

597.4
51.0
(2)
(2)
237.3
22.4
30.0
(2)
16.8
64.1
(2)
20.3

112.6
30
86.4
1 5
2.2

116.7
3 1
90.5

116.9
31
90.7

455.7
20 3
309.3

455.3
20 3
309.1

321 6
20 4
171 3

3193
20 4
169 6

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St Cloud
Mississippi
Jackson

.
...

36 0
13.1

. .

122.0
52 1
21
66.3
46

Missouri
Kansas City
St Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

23

23

439.1
197
299.3
22 3
133

37 0
13.8

37 2
13.8

126.4
53 3

127.1
53 5

(2)

(2)

69.9
46

69.8
46

134

13 1

311 8
195
167 3
57
126

132 5
35.5

137 1
36 5

136 9
36 5

464.6
153 8
7.0
258.9
25.2

486.7
156 0

485.8
155 8

(2)

(2)

267.5
26.6

267.5
26.7

0
6
3
0

400
208
90
159

1
9
6
1

123

123

193 3
37 6

193 7
37 6

193 7
37 9

336 8
105 5
59
137.2
133

340 6
107 5

338 3
105 5

(2)

(2)

134.1
142

132.3
142

Montana

134

125

127

59?

60 4

60.5

70 0

70.5

69 8

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

45 8
7.7
27 1

47 8
8.0
28 1

47 7
7.9
28 1

143 8
21.3
75 0

147 1
22.0
75 8

146 6
22.0
75.5

139 6
29.7
44.8

143 8
30.5
45.2

141 4
29.5
44 8

22 2
13.3
65

23 3
14 1
66

23 4
14.2
66

196 0
122 3
49 0

206 9
128 6
51 5

206 1
129.2
50 7

61 3
30.8
158

63 5
31.9
162

63 5
32 0
16 1

28.7

101.4
192
152

106 7

106 7

(2)

(2)

61.6
78
60

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

.
.

26.0
7.2
27

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
New Jersey
Atlantic Citv
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.

70




.

••

194.9
68
32.8
20.4
9.1
29.0
14.8
70 2
8.9
2.8

28.4
(2)

(2)

27

28

204.7

205.4

(2)

(2)

34.9
20.8
9.1
30.0
15.9
73 7
9.1
2
()

35.0
21.0
9.0
30.0
15.9
74.0
9.2
2
()

800.3
62.3
135.6
88.1
38.0
95.4
75.0
229.9
49.9
9.3

154

155

845.2

842.4

(2)

(2)

143.2
95.5
38.1
105.2
80.4
239.5
52.8
(2)

143.1
96.0
38.1
104.9
80.7
239.9
52.5
(2)

544.4
24 6
67 8
69.8
42.0
72.4
58.9
139 4
53.3
11.3

62.2
(2)

62 6
(2)

64

66

554.7

554.3

(2)

(2)

68.8
72.3
43.0
73.7
61.1
139 0
55 3
(2)

69 2
72.4
43.2
73 7
61.2
138 1
55 4
(2)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

526.9
224.6
38.4
51.0

527.1
228.7
41.4
51.2

528.4
229.1
41.7
51.2

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Monroe County
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

7,909.8
389.4
119.1
425.7
35.8
41.3
374.5
1,102.0
4,064.4
3,553.5
80.1
94.3
116.9
459.7
95.0
294.1
118.8
399.8

8,060.1
394.4
118.8
430.8
37.4
42.7

8,079.0
393.5
119.0
430.0
37.4
42.6

1,125.9
4,121.6
3,603.9
80.2
96.3
117.1
460.8
95.2
295.4
118.9
405.7

1,132.8
4,134.8
3,615.2
79.2
96.2
117.1
459.6
95.6
295.2
118.3
407.3

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

2,706.7
76.6
524.8
442.9
363.4

2,781.3
75.2
537.5
451.0
370.2

2,785.4
75.0
538.0
451.1
370.5

251.2
36.1
67.8
29.1

251.6
36.1
70.5
29.5

250.9
36.3
69.9
29.7

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

4,483.7
264.3
155.7
645.7
884.2
631.4
418.2
274.2
188.3

4,602.2
273.0

4,605.7
273.3

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,177.1
23.7
33.9
427.4
305.4

1,158.8

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Delaware Valley
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

(2)

2

670.9
900.9
661.9
431.8
280.7

671.7
903.5
663.5
432.9
281.1

334.0
17.8

323.3
16.8

.1

6.5
.2

6.6
.3

6.1
.2

295.9
15.5
5.0

5.5

5.3

.5

16.3

17.9

1.2
1.8

1.7
2.1

15.7
1.5

()

O

(1)

.5

.5
1

1

()
(1)
(2)

()

(1)

.2

O
(2)

.3
1.7
1.2

01
()

.3
1.7
1.2

12.4
52.8
139.6
111.0

.2
.8

(1)
(1)
.2
.8

.8
(3)

(3)

(3)

(2)

2.1
(2)

56.9
149.4
118.8

56.2
147.1
117.0

3.2
3.9
5.4

3.2
4.3
6.4

2.8
4.0
6.3

15.6

17.5

16.6

4.1

4.7

4.6

14.6

.1
.2
.3

.1

16.5

15.3

.2
.3

3.3

3.9

3.2

23.2

24.3

24.0

4.7
.1
.3
.4
.3

4.7
.1

4.6

154.7

165.3

164.1

.1

3.8

3.7

3.5

.3

.3

.4
.3

.4

29.4
22.7
24.3

31.5
23.9
24.3

30.8
23.5
24.2

6.5
.2

4.3
.2

4.1
.2

10.1

11.2

1.3
2.8
1.3

3.3
1.5

9.4
1.2
2.8
1.3

.3
.1

.3

01
()

01
()
26.2
.8
1.2
.5
1.2
1.0

24.5
.7

24.3

155.7

.7

8.4
5.7

(2)

.5
1.0
1.0
.4

.2

.2
.8

.3

O
0

(*)

.4

1,162.4

34.9
17.8
2.7
3.3

.1

.3
.3
1.8
1.3

()

2.8
3.5

.1

0
O

2

36.3
18.0

2.5
3.4

()

O

35.6
18.4

1

1

O

2

()

( )

0

.2

Dec.
1986?

.3

14.0

14.6

.3

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1985

Dec.
1986P

Nov.
1986

20.0

(2)

()

2

Dec.
1985

(2)

24.0
28.4
22.0
14.4

.2

9.1
6.5

(2)

53.1

63.2

.5
1.0
1.0
.4

53.0
(2)

45.1

1.4

176.9
10.6
(2)

165.4
9.7
(2)

27.3
30.1
26.1
17.3
10.5
(2)

26.2
28.0
25.0
16.4
9.8
(2)

44.6
(2)

44.2
(2)

(2)

(2)

32.6
410.5
303.2

32.7
410.5
303.0

.1

.1

.8
1.4

1.3

1.3

16.3
20.2

13.2
19.1

13.3
19.1

16.3
13.4

15.6
13.3

15.8
13.1

1,043.0
98.1
528.2
87.9

1,072.0
100.8
534.5
92.4

1,066.3
100.2
534.3
90.3

1.5
.2
.5
.1

1.7
.2
.5
.1

1.5

31.0

31.7

30.0

.2
.5

3.1

3.3

3.1

16.7

17.4

16.9

.1

2.9

2.8

2.7

4,824.9
264.2
49.8
52.8
1,694.1
110.9
280.7
76.3
170.8
2,097.4
772.6
869.3

4,894.3
265.9
50.8
51.7
1,708.4
112.2
287.2
77.6
177.0
2,129.4
774.7
871.8

4,888.0
265.7
50.6
51.8
1,714.3
111.9
286.2
77.2
176.4
2,136.8
775.5
869.7

34.8

33.7

32.9

193.5
10.4

215.7
12.2

201.9
11.4

1.6
.2

(2)

(3)
(3)

(3)
(3)

.3
.4

3.6
.4

1.1
3

3

()

()

7.2

1.0
.3
.4
3.5
.4
1.1

1.0

1.0
.2
.4
4.2
.4
1.1
3

.5

.5

.4
(3)
(3)

()

6.8

6.7

2.4
4.3

2.9
4.9

2.6
4.9

66.2

73.4

71.8

3.2

4.0

3.6

10.0

10.8

2.4
8.6

3.1
9.9

10.2
2.7

85.7
19.0
40.8

95.8
19.7
44.3

9.7

93.9
18.7
41.4

See footnotes at end of table.




71

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Dec.
1985
New Mexico ....
Albuquerque...
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986p

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

37.5
19.3
3.2
1.6

37.9
19.4
3.8
1.5

37.8
19.3
3.5
1.5

29.9
12.4
1.4
1.2

28.0
12.3
1.5
1.1

27.9
12.3
1.6
1.1

129.7
58.7
8.3
10.0

130.5
59.1
8.4
10.3

133.0
59.9
8.6
10.5

1,281.9
51.8
38.8
77.9
7.0
9.9
126.6
182.7
485.5
399.7
24.6
15.1
34.6
146.9
15.9
56.6
25.2
68.1

1,252.9
48.2
36.8
76.1
7.3
10.1
(2)
182.9
483.9
398.6
24.1
15.1
32.4
137.2
15.6
53.9
24.4
68.0

1,242.2
48.0
36.9
75.8
7.4
10.1
(2)
182.5
476.8
391.2
23.6
15.0
32.4
136.0
15.5
54.1
24.1
68.4

419.2
16.5
4.1
21.7
1.3
1.3
11.0
47.3
258.2
233.0
3.9
5.7
3.2
13.5
4.1
16.2
4.6
20.5

416.5
16.5
4.0
21.7
1.3
1.3
(2)
48.3
254.2
229.1
3.9
5.6
3.2
13.6
4.2
16.7
4.7
20.4

417.8
16.6
4.0
21.9
1.3
1.3
(2)
48.7
254.3
229.3
3.8
5.6
3.3
13.6
4.1
16.8
4.7
20.3

1,712.2
86.4
25.0
109.0
10.4
9.4
77.8
304.0
795.5
669.0
18.5
25.2
21.1
97.3
22.8
68.8
26.0
99.8

1,715.0
86.4
25.6
109.9
10.5
9.7
(2)
307.4
783.9
658.4
18.3
25.8
21.3
98.9
22.2
69.3
25.9
99.3

1,744.3
87.7
26.0
110.8
10.6
9.9
(2)
314.1
795.5
667.6
18.5
26.2
21.6
100.5
22.7
70.4
26.2
101.3

829.8
21.4
146.7
152.8
59.6

834.5
20.1
147.4
151.5
57.5

832.5
20.2
147.3
151.1
57.2

130.9
3.6
45.8
24.6
16.9

136.1
3.8
47.3
25.4
17.9

136.3
3.7
47.3
25.3
18.1

600.0
17.8
125.7
96.9
76.8

614.5
17.4
128.0
98.7
78.8

624.4
17.6
129.2
99.8
79.5

15.3
1.9
4.7
1.5

15.7
1.9
4.9
1.5

15.7
1.9
4.7
1.6

16.1
2.8
4.0
1.4

15.7
2.7
4.0
1.4

15.7
2.7
4.0
1.4

68.0
10.0
20.6
8.4

67.4
9.8
21.1
8.3

67.8
9.8
21.1
8.4

1,123.6
66.8
46.0
149.5
208.3
107.1
106.6
66.2
52.9

1,096.7
65.8
(2)
149.5
203.6
104.8
104.2
62.1
(2)

1,096.0
65.8
(2)
148.7
203.7
104.7
104.3
62.1
(2)

204.4
13.0
6.0
33.8
42.6
26.3
14.7
14.1
7.6

207.6
13.3
(2)
34.7
42.5
27.3
15.7
14.3
2
()

208.2
13.3
(2)
34.7
43.1
27.4
15.9
14.3
2
()

1,089.9
66.0
39.1
167.4
217.1
163.6
95.6
69.0
47.9

1,127.0
68.8
(2)
174.5
219.0
171.0
99.0
71.3
2
()

1,141.0
69.9
(2)
176.6
223.1
173.3
100.5
72.5
(2)

Oklahoma ...
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City .
Tulsa

169.9
1.9
3.6
52.3
53.6

157.7
(2)
3.5
48.9
51.5

158.0
(2)
3.4
48.7
51.8

63.5
2.6
1.3
21.3
21.5

61.8
(2)
1.2
20.6
21.7

61.9
(2)
1.2
20.5
21.5

290.4
6.6
9.1
109.9
75.2

291.3
(2)
8.8
102.0
75.1

294.3
(2)
8.9
101.8
75.7

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield .
Portland
Salem

196.3
17.7
93.2
11.3

197.6
18.4
89.6
12.5

192.9
18.0
89.2
11.0

59.4
4.5
35.4
2.7

59.6
4.0
34.6
2.5

59.8
4.1
34.6
2.6

267.4
25.1
142.9
20.2

270.7
25.3
143.6
21.8

274.9
25.6
145.5
21.9

1,072.3
83.5
10.8
11.9
320.8
35.4
51.8
12.3
58.6
398.0
102.8
137.7

1,035.0
77.9
11.0
9.6
309.0
33.6
51.0
12.3
60.4
387.4
100.6
125.8

1,032.4
77.4
10.8
9.8
309.0
33.7
50.9
12.3
59.9
386.5
100.2
126.8

241.3
14.0
4.7
5.0
78.7
4.3
18.3
5.2
6.8
95.8
44.6
47.0

242.3
14.0
4.4
5.1
79.7
4.3
18.4
5.1
6.8
97.4
46.2
45.6

241.9
14.0
4.4
5.1
79.6
4.2
18.4
5.0
6.8
97.2
45.9
45.7

1,124.2
58.0
13.3
11.8
388.9
24.5
63.8
16.8
42.1
499.5
152.8
225.9

1,149.3
59.5
13.8
11.8
395.6
25.1
65.8
17.3
42.8
509.5
153.9
226.5

1,162.5
60.4
13.9
11.9
400.1
25.4
65.9
17.3
43.3
515.8
155.2
226.5

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy..
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Monroe County
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point .
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati ..,
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren..

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Delaware Valley
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle .
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.

72




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986^

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

25.6
13.5
1.5
2.0

26.6
13.9
1.7
2.1

26.7
14.0
1.7
2.1

114.2
58.1
5.5
12.3

116.0
58.9
6.0
12.7

117.3
59.5
6.1
12.8

134.4
43.9
16.0
20.4

137.2
46.9
17.2
19.9

136.8
46.0
17.5
19.8

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Monroe County
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

725.0
19.7
3.7
22.8
1.2
1.8
17.8
66.1
538.6
510.0
1.9
3.5
3.6
19.6
3.7
18.9
6.2
24.4

748.3
20.9
3.8
23.5
1.2
1.9
(2)
69.5
553.3
523.5
1.9
3.7
3.9
20.6
3.8
18.9
6.3
25.5

750.5
21.0
3.8
23.7
1.2
1.9
2
()
69.7
554.9
524.9
1.9
3.7
3.9
20.6
3.8
19.0
6.3
25.7

2,094.7
92.5
21.4
105.3
8.4
8.0
88.0
268.8
1,202.0
1,067.0
15.6
19.3
24.2
102.2
23.2
68.2
24.1
107.6

2,173.9
95.6
21.7
108.3
8.8
8.1
(2)
277.4
1,235.4
1,096.6
16.1
19.8
24.8
106.9
23.0
71.2
24.2
111.6

2,179.6
94.8
21.6
108.1
8.7
8.0
(2)
277.3
1,241.9
1,103.8
16.0
19.7
24.9
106.3
23.0
70.3
24.3
110.9

1,374.4
106.8
21.1
72.3
6.3
8.9
40.6
180.1
643.2
562.4
12.2
21.5
24.5
63.8
21.1
48.6
29.1
55.9

1,412.9
108.6
21.3
72.9
6.7
9.3
(2)
183.2
659.8
577.7
12.5
21.9
24.8
65.2
21.7
49.9
29.3
56.5

1,415.2
108.5
21.3
73.5
6.6
9.2
(2)
183.9
662.4
580.3
12.4
21.8
24.5
65.2
21.8
49.9
29.2
56.5

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

111.0
2.5
29.2
20.6
19.8

118.3
2.5
30.7
21.7
21.0

118.6
2.6
31.0
21.7
21.0

437.8
15.4
88.9
72.8
80.5

461.9
15.6
93.4
74.5
84.6

461.4
15.4
93.3
75.0
84.5

437.6
12.0
58.8
52.1
85.3

445.9
12.0
59.0
54.9
85.8

443.6
11.9
58.8
54.4
85.6

12.4
1.7
4.2
1.1

12.5
1.7
4.4
1.1

12.6
1.7
4.4
1.1

58.2
10.0
17.8
6.2

60.0
10.2
18.5
6.4

60.1
10.3
18.6
6.4

64.6
8.2
13.7
9.2

64.8
8.2
14.3
9.4

65.5
8.5
14.3
9.5

221.6
9.9
6.2
36.1
49.7
50.3
16.8
10.7
7.5

232.3
10.4
(2)
38.4
52.7
53.1
17.5
11.8
2
()

233.2
10.5
(2)
38.5
53.1
53.3
17.5
11.8
2
()

976.5
55.4
33.7
150.4
220.9
144.4
96.6
62.9
41.1

1,043.9
58.7
(2)
160.3
233.8
159.6
105.1
67.7
(2)

1,042.5
58.7
(2)
160.7
233.0
158.8
104.9
67.7
(2)

685.8
44.1
17.8
84.0
116.1
116.7
73.2
42.0
24.0

693.3
44.7
(2)
85.8
118.2
119.0
72.7
42.7
2
()

695.2
44.7
(2)
85.9
118.4
120.0
72.9
42.6
2
()

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

64.0
1.2
1.6
27.1
17.2

63.1
(2)
1.5
26.0
16.6

63.2
(2)
1.5
26.1
16.7

226.4
5.2
5.2
85.4
69.4

228.2
(2)
5.2
85.2
70.3

229.6
(2)
5.2
85.3
70.1

254.6
3.8
11.5
98.8
34.9

259.0
(2)
11.0
99.0
35.6

258.2
(2)
11.1
99.0
35.0

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

67.6
4.5
42.6
5.2

70.8
4.6
44.0
5.3

71.4
4.6
44.3
5.4

218.0
20.9
122.0
17.6

232.7
22.1
127.2
18.4

232.6
22.0
127.1
18.4

201.8
22.1
74.9
27.9

207.2
22.9
77.6
29.0

203.2
22.6
76.2
28.2

265.4
10.0
1.5
1.8
123.3
5.0
15.3
4.4
6.2
143.7
67.0
50.5

274.8
10.5
1.5
1.9
124.8
5.2
16.2
4.5
6.6
145.6
67.6
52.0

275.6
10.4
1.5
1.8
124.9
5.2
16.2
4.6
6.6
145.9
67.7
52.2

1,202.0
59.1
10.0
10.9
487.6
25.0
55.9
18.3
32.8
576.2
246.2
251.7

1,253.2
62.2
10.1
11.2
500.1
26.5
58.8
18.9
34.6
595.5
249.0
261.5

1,252.7
62.4
10.4
11.1
502.7
26.4
58.8
19.3
34.3
598.8
250.7
260.7

691.4
28.8
7.1
7.1
227.6
13.3
65.2
12.7
15.3
297.4
140.2
108.5

690.3
29.1
7.1
7.2
224.8
13.2
65.8
12.8
15.5
297.1
137.7
109.3

688.1
29.2
7.0
7.2
225.2
13.1
65.4
12.5
15.4
297.6
137.1
109.7

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Delaware Valley
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.




73

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

(3)

(3)

(3)

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

145.7
277.5
40.6
50.7
46.8
164.2

147.4
282.8
40.6
52.5
48.4
166.4

147.2
281.5
40.6
50.8
48.2
166.4

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

431.4
129.9
305.9

437.9
131.3
310.6

438.2
131.2
310.9

1,321.8
174.8
209.5
289.6

1,361.1
182.5
219.5
295.2

1,365.6
183.8
220.7
296.3

(1)
(1)
(1)

247.1
32.8
62.4

254.1
34.4
63.4

251.5
33.9
62.8

(1)

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

1,900.9
182.4
153.6
228.7
387.9
433.2

1,981.8
180.4
154.5
235.4
393.6
440.9

1,991.5
181.2
156.3
233.0
394.1
440.4

7.5
1.0
.1
2.0
.1
.7

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall ..;
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

6,766.7
54.4
81.5
370.1
135.4
59.6
65.0
50.5
136.8
1,327.6
179.1
511.2
72.7
1,506.2
67.4
35.0
69.1
93.9
86.1
49.7
52.3
38.1
487.2
37.3
45.9
63.6
29.5
79.5
52.4

6,687.2
52.9
81.4
367.2
128.7
57.5
66.1
(2)
134.5
1,341.8
178.4
510.5
71.6
1,457.9
68.3
(2)
66.6
92.1
87.1
45.9
45.7
2
()
485.1
(2)
(2)
63.0
(2)
79.3
(2)

6,694.9
53.1
81.2
367.0
128.6
57.6
66.1
(2)
134.5
1,340.4
179.2
512.2
71.7
1,458.9
68.0
(2)
66.4
92.5
86.7
46.0
45.7
2
()
485.4
(2)
(2)
62.5
(2)
78.8
(2)

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

638.1
71.4
443.6

644.8
74.8
451.3

645.5
74.5
451.5

Vermont
Burlington
Springfield

231.5
69.9
13.9

230.2
69.8
13.7

232.7
69.3
14.0

South Carolina
Charleston ...,
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls ..

Waco
Wichita Falls

See footnotes at end of table.

74




Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

6.5
12.3
1.5
1.7
2.1
9.1

6.3
11.6
1.4
1.5
1.9
8.9

.4

.4

.4

6.0
10.4
1.0
1.5
1.7
8.2

.1
.1
.1

.1
.1
.1

.1
.1
.1

14.8
4.1
10.8

16.4
4.6
12.0

16.1
4.5
11.5

1.7

85.9
12.8
12.8
20.0

89.5
13.8
13.9
20.5

89.5
13.9
14.0
20.4

2.2
.2

8.7
1.8
2.4

9.7
1.9
2.9

8.9
1.7
2.4

6.8
1.0
.1
1.7
.1
.7

6.4
1.0
.1
1.6
.1
.7

83.3
6.6
6.2
11.1
17.6
25.3

90.3
7.4
5.7
12.0
18.4
29.4

89.9
6.6
5.6
11.8
18.9
29.0

250.5
4.1
1.7
1.1
2.4
1.9
.1
1.3
7.7
23.8
.4
4.5
.8
91.2
.1
1.9
4.5
.5
1.6
11.3
9.0
.9
3.3
.3
.1
2.7
3.2
.2
3.0

192.1
3.3
1.3
1.0
1.2
1.4
.1
(2)
6.2
20.0
.2
3.3
.4
75.9
.1
(2)
4.1
.3
1.4
8.7
6.7
(2)
2.6
(2)
2
()
2.1
(2)
.1
(2)

191.9
3.3
1.3
1.0
1.2
1.3
.1
(2)
6.2
20.0
.2
3.3
.4
75.7
.1
(2)
4.0
.3
1.4
8.6
6.7
(2)
2.6
(2)
2
()
2.1
(2)
.1
(2)

444.4
2.9
4.0
27.0
9.4
6.4
3.1
2.8
11.1
83.2
8.9
32.3
3.3
103.6
3.9
1.4
3.4
4.6
4.5
2.4
3.0
2.3
36.3
1.6
2.2
2.9
2.0
4.5
2.2

405.5
2.9
3.9
24.3
8.6
5.9
3.2
(2)
11.4
70.8
9.0
31.7
2.9
94.1
3.7
(2)
3.0
3.8
4.4
2.2
2.2
2
()
32.2
(2)
2
()
2.7
(2)
4.5
(2)

397.8
2.9
3.8
23.6
8.5
5.8
3.2
(2)
11.0
68.4
9.0
31.4
2.7
91.5
3.6
(2)
3.0
3.7
4.4
2.2
2.1
2
()
31.9
(2)
2
()
2.6
(2)
4.3
(2)

9.0
.1
2.0

8.2
.1
2.4

8.5
.1
2.8

34.0
3.4
22.8

33.8
3.4
25.0

31.3
3.0
23.0

.6

15.3
4.6
1.1

13.4
3.3
1.1

12.9
3.2
1.0

0.8
.2
.3
(3)

(3)

1.7

(3)

1.7
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

0
(1)
2.1
.2

2.3
.3
(1)

.4
(1)
(1)

0.8
.2
.3

0.8
.2
.3

0

.7
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
IDublic utilities

Manufacturing
State and area
Dec.
1985
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986^

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

49.6
72.5
10.2
7.7
14.9
58.8

48.9
72.8
9.2
7.5
14.9
57.6

48.9
72.5
9.3
7.2
14.9
57.5

6.1
14.9
2.0
1.3
1.9
7.0

6.5
15.3
1.8
1.3
1.9
7.2

6.5
15.3
1.8
1.3
1.9
7.1

31.8
62.2
10.3
9.6
10.5
39.2

31.9
62.0
10.5
9.5
11.0
39.7

32.0
62.0
10.6
9.3
11.1
40.0

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

120.8
56.3
77.0

121.5
56.5
78.0

120.8
56.0
77.7

13.8
3.5
10.5

14.4
3.6
10.8

14.3
3.6
10.8

95.9
30.1
67.1

97.2
30.1
68.0

98.9
30.6
69.2

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

363.0
19.7
28.1
96.1

362.3
20.3
27.9
96.0

362.3
20.2
28.2
95.6

57.1
9.1
9.6
10.3

57.7
9.4
9.2
10.5

57.9
9.6
9.4
10.6

287.4
42.6
46.0
66.9

301.2
43.0
47.4
68.5

305.8
43.7
47.7
70.1

27.3
3.5
8.5

29.1
3.9
8.4

28.8
3.9
8.1

12.8
1.9
4.5

12.6
1.7
4.5

12.8
1.8
4.6

65.0
9.3
16.8

66.2
9.7
16.4

66.3
9.7
16.7

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

485.0
44.0
51.5
48.7
50.2
91.5

489.1
43.2
50.5
47.7
51.3
90.6

491.2
43.1
51.2
47.5
51.7
90.4

94.1
8.1
5.5
8.8
32.8
21.9

93.6
7.9
5.7
8.7
34.5
19.9

92.7
7.9
5.6
8.6
34.7
19.9

463.6
40.2
34.8
54.0
109.1
105.5

478.7
38.4
34.8
55.2
108.1
106.2

487.1
39.3
36.0
53.7
108.6
107.0

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

996.9
5.4
10.0
41.5
26.6
16.2
9.3
3.6
12.8
232.8
35.6
116.1
10.2
171.1
8.5
1.8
16.4
7.6
11.7
3.9
5.1
5.5
49.7
11.7
7.7
11.4
3.2
16.8
8.4

959.6
4.9
10.2
39.9
25.1
15.3
9.3
12.1
232.3
32.4
115.7
9.2
156.6
8.5

957.8
4.9
10.1
39.7
24.7
15.3
9.2
2
()
12.1
231.7
32.5
116.5
9.5
156.1
8.5

374.4
2.7
5.9
11.5
9.4
2.0
3.4
2
()
7.4
85.8
9.6
29.0
5.6
96.3
2.8

374.0
2.7
5.8
11.5
9.4
2.0
3.4
(2)
7.4
85.8
9.8
29.0
5.5
96.3
2.8

1,724.3
14.5
24.8
82.9
32.0
11.1
18.3
2
()
34.4
360.6
46.2
137.0
13.5
371.5
16.6

1,740.9
14.8
25.1
83.7
32.6
11.4
18.3
2
()
34.8
363.0
47.1
138.8
13.6
375.9
16.7

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

1,746.5
14.6
24.7
85.2
33.6
11.6
18.7
11.0
34.7
357.8
45.5
140.9
13.8
387.4
16.6
10.5
17.9
28.6
27.1
11.2
15.0
10.0
127.7
8.2
10.9
17.7
8.4
19.2
13.3

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

(2)

(2)

47.1
()

46.5
()

(2)

(2)

11.1
(2)
15.2
(2)

10.9
(2)
15.0
(2)

383.2
2.8
6.2
11.2
10.2
2.2
3.3
1.6
7.6
84.2
9.5
27.0
5.4
100.8
2.9
3.8
3.5
4.8
2.6
2.5
2.6
3.1
19.0
2.0
2.0
3.1
1.5
3.5
2.8

(2)

15.0
7.3
12.5
3.5
4.1

15.0
7.1
12.6
3.5
4.1
2

2

3.5
4.4
2.7
2.2
2.3

3.5
4.4
2.7
2.2
2.3
(2)

(2)

17.9
()

17.8
()

(2)

(2)

2

2

2.9
(2)

2.8
(2)

3.5
(2)

3.5
(2)

(2)

17.8
28.2
26.1
10.7
13.3
(2)

127.8
/2\

(2)

17.8
28.5
26.3
10.9
13.5
(2)

129.4
(2)

(2\

(2)

17.7
(2)
19.5
(2)

17.9
(2)
19.4
(2)

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

93.0
11.2
63.3

91.1
10.1
62.1

90.8
10.0
61.8

37.6
2.2
28.8

37.5
2.3
28.3

37.7
2.3
28.5

155.1
15.4
113.7

157.8
16.1
114.8

160.4
16.3
116.3

Vermont
Burlington
Springfield

49.6
16.4
3.9

50.2
16.6
3.8

50.0
16.5
3.9

9.7
2.8
.6

9.6
2.8
.6

9.6
2.8
.6

52.3
16.4
2.5

52.9
16.7
2.8

53.2
16.8
2.9

See footnotes at end of table.




75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

7.3
11.8
1.3
1.4
2.3
4.5

8.0
12.2
1.3
1.5
2.3
4.9

8.1
12.2
1.3
1.5
2.3
5.0

27.9
63.3
10.4
8.4
9.0
28.2

28.9
66.7
10.8
8.9
9.6
29.4

28.8
66.3
10.8
9.0
9.6
29.6

17.0
41.6
5.2
20.5
6.5
17.9

16.7
40.7
5.3
21.8
6.6
18.1

16.6
40.8
5.2
20.7
6.5
17.9

Rhode island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

23.3
3.3
19.6

23.8
3.5
19.9

23.9
3.6
20.0

104.8
22.5
111

106.5
23.0
78.1

106.2
22.9
78.0

57.9
10.0
43.1

58.0
9.9
43.7

57.9
9.9
43.6

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

57.0
7.8
17.2
11.1

59.3
8.2
18.4
11.1

59.4
8.2
18.5
11.1

211.5
33.4
38.0
46.9

226.1
36.4
39.8
49.0

225.4
36.5
39.8
48.9

258.2
49.3
57.5
38.9

263.3
51.3
62.6
39.2

263.6
51.6
62.8
39.2

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

13.7
1.7
5.7

13.7
1.7
5.6

13.8
1.7
5.5

58.6
7.9
17.0

59.5
8.2
17.8

59.0
8.2
17.9

58.7
6.5
7.4

61.0
7.0
7.8

59.7
6.7
7.5

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

89.5
10.7
4.7
8.5
23.0
30.2

90.8
11.6
4.6
8.1
23.3
29.8

91.2
11.7
4.7
8.1
23.3
29.9

365.4
41.5
24.6
47.2
87.8
94.2

405.7
39.5
25.0
49.9
88.6
98.2

406.6
40.2
25.0
49.9
88.1
97.6

312.5
30.3
26.2
48.3
67.3
63.7

326.8
31.4
28.1
52.1
69.3
66.1

326.4
31.4
28.1
51.8
68.7
65.9

447.5
2.9
4.4
25.3
5.7
2.3
3.5
2.1
6.9
127.0
9.2
28.2
4.6
112.4
2.9
1.4
3.5
5.5
4.0
3.2
1.9
2.0
36.8
1.4
1.9
4.0
1.6
4.8
2.3

453.3
2.8
4.3
25.5
5.3
2.2
3.5
2
()
6.9
133.0
9.6
27.9
4.7
110.0
2.8
(2)
3.6
5.3
3.9
3.1
1.8
2
()
37.3
(2)
(2)
4.0
(2)
4.7
(2)

455.6
2.7
4.3
25.5
5.3
2.3
3.5
2
()
6.9
132.2
9.4
28.0
4.6
109.4
2.8
(2)
3.6
5.3
3.8
3.1
1.8
2
()
37.3
(2)
(2)
3.9
(2)
4.7
(2)

1,362.4
13.5
16.2
83.5
27.2
8.2
12.3
7.6
28.0
278.6
34.2
100.6
12.7
351.4
12.8
6.0
11.8
19.9
13.0
8.9
8.3
7.5
108.8
7.1
8.5
13.1
5.3
18.6
9.9

1,385.7
13.6
16.6
85.7
26.8
8.4
12.8
2
()
28.2
291.5
34.0
105.0
12.7
357.3
13.7
(2)
11.6
20.5
13.4
8.8
8.1
2
()
110.7
(2)
(2)
13.8
(2)
19.3
(2)

1,383.0
13.6
16.3
85.5
26.7
8.2
12.9
2
()
28.2
290.6
34.3
104.3
12.8
358.1
13.6
(2)
11.5
20.3
13.3
8.8
8.1
2
()
110.6
(2)
(2)
13.6
(2)
19.3
(2)

1,135.3
8.2
14.3
95.3
20.3
10.8
14.7
20.5
28.0
140.2
35.8
61.6
21.9
188.3
19.7
8.2
8.1
22.4
21.6
6.3
7.4
6.8
105.6
5.0
12.6
8.7
4.3
11.9
10.5

1,192.3
8.2
14.4
96.4
20.3
11.2
15.5
2
()
27.9
147.8
37.4
60.9
22.6
196.2
20.1
(2)
8.0
22.5
22.6
6.7
7.2
2
()
109.5
(2)
(2)
8.7
(2)
12.5
(2)

1,193.9
8.2
14.5
96.5
20.2
11.3
15.5
2
()
27.9
148.7
36.9
60.9
22.6
195.9
19.9
(2)
8.0
22.7
22.3
6.7
7.1
2
()
109.3
(2)
(2)
8.7
(2)
12.5
(2)

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

32.0
2.1
26.1

33.3
2.3
27.7

33.4
2.3
27.8

136.0
24.3
93.4

139.3
26.4
95.8

140.0
26.3
96.2

141.4
12.7
93.5

143.9
14.3
95.1

143.5
14.2
95.2

Vermont
Burlington
Springfield

10.3
3.0
.4

10.9
3.0
.4

11.0
3.0
.4

55.4
15.6
3.6

53.8
16.0
3.3

57.0
15.9
3.4

38.5
11.1
1.8

38.7
11.4
1.7

38.4
11.1
1.8

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

Waco
Wichita Falls

See footnotes at end of table.

76



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

(Construction

State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,522.9
29.7
61.7
39.7
70.9
522.1
651.1
409.4
115.7

2,593.8
30.5
(2)
(2)
71.7
535.8
669.1
416.4
116.0

2,601.7
30.4
(2)

Washington
Seattle

1,735.8
872.1

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1985

Dec.
1986^

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

.1
.1
.5
.3
.2

16.4
.1
()
(2)
.1
.1
.5
.3
.2

156.7
1.5
3.7
1.4
2.8
35.4
46.0
23.9
7.1

168.4
1.6
()
(2)
3.3
37.8
48.3
24.1
7.5

165.6
1.5
()
(2)
3.2
37.2
47.3
23.8
7.4

2.8
.5

2.7
.5

2.7
.5

78.5
42.7

84.9
46.1

82.0
44.8

42.7
2.5
1.2
1.1
2.5

38.4
2.1
1.2
.9
2.4

37.8
2.1
1.2
.8
2.3

24.7
4.6
4.3
3.1
2.1

26.2
4.9
4.3
2.9
1.9

24.6
4.6
4.0
2.8
1.9

2.3

62.0
5.9
1.5
3.3
1.4
1.4
1.1
6.4
19.4
1.7
1.4
1.4

68.4
5.7
1.8
3.6
1.6
1.3
1.1
5.7
20.8
2.2
1.6
1.6

64.1
5.2
1.5
2.9
1.5
1.4
.9
5.4
20.6
2.2
1.4
1.3

16.4
.1
()

72.0
535.4
672.3
418.3
116.5

17.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.6
.3
.2

1,784.3
904.2

1,779.7
905.8

600.9
108.8
101.8
58.8
58.7

601.0
107.7
101.9
58.5
56.3

600.6
108.0
102.2
58.5
56.4

Wausau

2,001.0
138.6
51.5
88.5
52.9
39.2
49.6
191.7
669.5
67.4
44.3
42.6

2,049.6
140.7
55.4
91.0
52.9
38.1
50.3
196.3
684.1
67.9
46.3
43.5

2,041.3
139.8
55.1
90.3
52.4
38.5
50.1
195.5
685.1
68.6
46.2
43.4

Wyoming

201.9

194.2

191.8

26.6

20.9

20.8

11.6

12.5

11.3

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

702.8
43.8
50.8
43.9
434.0

716.5
44.1
50.8
44.5
440.8

727.1
44.1
51.5
45.0
447.2

.6

.7

.7

0)
(1)
(1)

22.9
(1)

28.8
(1)

O

0

2.8
22.5

29.4
(1)
1
()
2.9
22.7

36.8

37.1

37.3

(1)

2.7

2.5

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha

La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan

Virgin Islands

....

I2)

2

ft

1.8

0
01
(1)
()
0
0
O
(11)
()
(11)
()

2

2.7

0
01
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()
0
0)

O
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
()
01
(1)
(1)
(1)
()

(1)
(1)
(1)
.3

.4
(1)

0)
(1)
(1)
(1)

.4

2.2
17.6
2.6

2

2

See footnotes at end of table.




77

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

425.9
9.6
9.5
16.4
25.1
68.0
32.9
61.8
20.8

431.9
9.8
(2)
2
()
24.8
67.7
32.9
61.6
20.6

429.6
9.7
(2)
2
()
24.8
66.4
32.8
61.8
20.6

134.0
1.1
1.8
.9
3.0
24.8
43.4
21.4
9.7

135.8
1.2
(2)
2
()
3.0
24.5
46.0
21.3
9.4

136.6
1.2
(2)
2
()
3.0
24.8
46.1
21.5
9.5

580.7
7.4
12.6
8.9
14.1
128.8
155.6
99.8
30.2

597.1
7.6
(2)
2
()
14.1
133.7
157.8
100.4
30.8

609.4
7.7
(2)

Washington
Seattle

294.8
167.5

298.1
174.5

295.5
173.6

95.2
57.0

95.8
58.5

95.5
57.6

437.0
220.7

444.6
226.2

447.5
229.4

88.4
13.1
19.7
14.5
8.0

87.6
12.4
19.2
14.1
6.7

87.6
12.4
19.1
14.2
6.9

37.5
8.7
7.9
2.0
3.3

36.2
8.4
7.5
2.0
3.2

36.2
8.4
7.5
2.0
3.2

136.9
28.6
26.8
14.3
15.5

136.1
28.1
27.1
14.1
15.1

138.1
28.5
27.6
14.2
15.3

512.9
49.4
9.4
23.3
18.2
12.4
10.9
20.8
171.7
24.1
18.0
11.0

518.4
48.9
10.1
23.9
17.2
11.4
10.5
21.7
171.4
23.2
18.5
11.3

514.9
48.8
10.0
23.4
16.9
11.4
10.5
21.5
172.1
23.1
18.4
11.3

95.2
4.9
2.6
6.2
2.0
1.2
2.5
6.5
36.6
2.2
1.4
2.5

97.1
5.0
2.7
6.3
2.0
1.2
2.4
6.8
36.0
2.2
1.5
2.5

97.0
5.0
2.6
6.3
1.9
1.3
2.3
6.7
37.1
2.2
1.5
2.4

475.5
30.2
14.9
23.2
13.1
8.5
13.3
43.5
153.2
15.8
8.4
10.6

484.5
31.1
16.8
23.0
13.1
8.5
13.3
44.6
156.9
15.9
8.6
11.0

487.1
30.9
17.2
23.4
13.2
8.6
13.3
45.5
157.9
16.5
8.8
11.1

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.

78



14.4
135.6
160.8
102.0
31.2

7.9

8.3

8.2

15.3

14.2

14.3

44.7

42.5

42.0

150.7
15.0
20.9
8.9
66.5

150.1
15.3
21.1
8.4
65.9

152.2
15.2
21.2
8.5
66.6

14.3
(1)
1
()

14.3

10.7

14.2
(1)
1
()
(1)
10.7

128.6
8.6
6.5
7.0
88.1

125.7
8.5
6.4
6.8
86.1

132.7
8.6
6.8
7.3
90.8

1.8

1.7

1.7

2.4

2.4

8.4

8.1

8.4

O

11.3
2.3

01
(1)
()

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

Services

State and area

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986p

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

124.7

Washington
Seattle

100.8
63.9

105.2
65.8

23.7
5.9
3.8
2.0
2.9
105.2
7.0
1.9
3.0
1.6
1.1
1.4
16.1
44.5
2.3
2.0
3.3

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

....

.9
3.0

Virgin Islands
Not available.
Publication of data has been suspended because of budget cuts.
Combined with construction.
= preliminary.




132.3
.9

3.6
23.5
41.7
35.1

3.6
23.3
41.9
35.0
7.0

1.1
3.5

550.3
4.0
10.3
5.7
12.6

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

571.9
4.1

571.9
4.1

13.0
123.5
195.9

533.3
5.2
20.6
5.3
9.7
124.9

Nov.
1986

539.9
5.2
9.9

Dec.
1986P
539.8
5.2

9.8
125.3

26.1

82.4
26.3

105.5
65.8

378.8
193.6

396.8
201.7

398.0
202.8

347.9
126.2

356.2
130.9

353.0
131.3

24.1
6.0
3.9
2.1
2.8

24.2
6.0
4.0
2.1
2.7

117.9
23.6
18.5
12.3
15.2

121.3
24.3
19.0
12.8
14.9

120.9
24.3
19.0
12.8
14.8

129.1

21.8

131.1
21.5

131.2
21.7

19.6
9.5

19.7
9.6

19.8

9.2

9.2

109.7
7.2
2.0
3.2
1.7
1.1
1.5
16.9
46.6
2.3
2.0
3.4

110.0
7.2
2.0
3.2
1.7
1.1
1.4
17.0
46.5
2.3
2.1
3.4

417.8
24.7
10.4

337.8
16.7
10.6

8.2
12.8
40.4
164.0
13.1
7.6

8.0
14.0
41.2
169.7
13.9
8.2

432.3
26.2
11.4
20.6
10.2
8.2
14.1

330.5
16.5

9.9

431.0
26.0
11.4
20.4
10.4

7.6

7.7

7.8

33.1

32.8

32.9

38.5
32.4

6.9

7.9

7.8

7.8

30.9

32.0

32.2

O
1

()

117.1
191.1
80.0

19.0

41.0
169.8
14.1
8.3

()96.7

100.0

100.3

O

O

24.9

25.8

26.0

7.5
71.2

7.7
72.8

7.6
73.2

1.8

1.8

1.9

6.8

7.6

7.7

O

Dec.
1985

13.1
122.7
196.0
82.5
26.5

22.9

Wyoming
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

132.3
.9

Dec.
1985

143.0
89.6
14.8

125.1
145.9
91.3
14.3

10.7
10.4
6.6
6.5
7.6
57.9
79.9
8.2
5.6
6.3

10.5
6.9
6.5
7.6
59.1
82.2
8.2
5.7

6.1

146.9
91.3

14.2

9.6
9.3
333.6
16.5
10.3
10.4
7.0
6.6
7.4
58.2
80.6
8.2
5.8
6.0

54.8

55.3

54.6

258.0
15.0
15.5
15.0

265.4
15.2
15.5
15.2

154.2

264.9
15.2
15.5
15.2
156.7

13.1

12.8

12.7

156.9

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1985 benchmarks except
Michigan. Data for Michigan have been adjusted to December 1984 benchmarks.

79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

Construction

Mining
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.45

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
526.64

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.5

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.31
12.42

367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.09
465.75

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

1964..
1965..
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969..

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33
95.45
98.82
114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60

1970..
1971 ..
1972..
1973..
1974..
1975..
1976..
1977..
1978..
1979..

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

1980..
1981 ..
1982..
1983..
1984..
1985..
1986P

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.75

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.50

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.3

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

101.84
107.73

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1986:
January
February ..
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November.
December
1987:
January p ...

34.7
34.4
34.7
34.6
34.7
34.9
35.0
35.1
34.8
34.7
34.7
34.9

$8.72
8.74
8.73
8.72
8.72
8.71
8.69
8.70
8.81
8.81
8.85
8.83

$302.58
300.66
302.93
301.71
302.58
303.98
304.15
305.37
306.59
305.71
307.10
308.17

44.4
42.4
42.3
42.0
41.8
42.0
41.6
42.3
42.3
42.2
41.6
42.4

$12.24
12.32
12.35
12.43
12.44
12.50
12.46
12.51
12.52
12.51
12.57
12.61

$543.46
522.37
522.41
522.06
519.99
525.00
518.34
529.17
529.60
527.92
522.91
534.66

37.2
35.2
36.4
37.6
37.9
37.8
38.3
38.4
38.5
38.0
36.5
36.9

$12.34
12.35
12.22
12.29
12.33
12.31
12.31
12.39
12.54
12.62
12.59
12.71

$459.05
434.72
444.81
462.10
467.31
465.32
471.47
475.78
482.79
479.56
459.54
469.00

34.4

8.88

305.47

42.3

12.65

535.10

37.4

12.57

470.12

See footnotes at end of table.




81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing
Year and
month

Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

1970
1971

39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2

3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7

7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.53
9.73

7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.33

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
385.97
396.01

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Wholesale trade

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.61
2.73
2.88
3.05
3.23

$102.56
106.49
111.11
116.06
122.31
129.85

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.5
39.4
39.3
38.8
38.7
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.44
3.65
3.85
4.08
4.39
4.73
5.03
5.39
5.88
6.39

137.26
144.18
151.69
160.34
170.33
183.05
194.66
209.13
228.14
247.93

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.63

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
455.90

38.5
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.4

6.96
7.56
8.09
8.55
8.89
9.16
9.34

267.96
291.06
309.85
329.18
342.27
351.74
358.66

Annual averages

1972
1973
1974

1975
1976

1977
1978

1979
1980....
1981
1982....
1983....

1984....
1985
1986P .

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1986:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November.
December
1987:
January p ...

40.7
40.3
40.7
40.5
40.6
40.8
40.2
40.7
41.0
40.8
41.0
41.6

$9.70
9.70
9.72
9.70
9.71
9.70
9.74
9.68
9.73
9.72
9.77
9.84

$9.31
9.33
9.33
9.33
9.34
9.32
9.35
9.27
9.31
9.31
9.36
9.41

$394.79
390.91
395.60
392.85
394.23
395.76
391.55
393.98
398.93
396.58
400.57
409.34

39.0
39.2
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.4
39.4
39.1
39.1
39.3
39.2

$11.59
11.64
11.62
11.55
11.54
11.57
11.61
11.61
11.70
11.68
11.75
11.72

$452.01
456.29
457.83
450.45
450.06
455.86
457.43
457.43
457.47
456.69
461.78
459.42

38.3
38.0
38.3
38.3
38.4
38.5
38.5
38.5
38.3
38.4
38.4
38.5

$9.28
9.36
9.33
9.29
9.29
9.32
9.30
9.32
9.37
9.35
9.46
9.44

$355.42
355.68
357.34
355.81
356.74
358.82
358.05
358.82
358.87
359.04
363.26
363.44

40.8

9.83

9.43

401.06

38.1

11.71

446.15

38.1

9.44

359.66

See footnotes at end of table.

82




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986P

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.02

147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
175.78

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.5

Hourly
earnings

Services
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.34

209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.41

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.89
8.16

190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.43
265.20

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1986:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November.
December"
1987:
January"....

28.7
28.6
28.9
28.9
29.1
29.5
29.9
29.9
29.2
29.0
29.1
29.5

$6.03
6.04
6.03
6.01
6.00
5.99
5.97
5.97
6.05
6.04
6.07
6.05

$173.06
172.74
174.27
173.69
174.60
176.71
178.50
178.50
176.66
175.16
176.64
178.48

36.4
36.8
36.7
36.4
36.3
36.6
36.5
36.6
36.4
36.6
36.7
36.6

28.3

6.09

172.35

36.5

- Data not available.
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.




$8.14
8.28
8.30
8.29
8.31
8.37
8.30
8.33
8.37
8.38
8.54
8.49

$296.30
304.70
304.61
301.76
301.65
306.34
302.95
304.88
304.67
306.71
313.42
310.73

32.4
32.4
32.4
32.4
32.4
32.6
32.8
32.8
32.3
32.4
32.4
32.4

$8.12
8.17
8.18
8.12
8.10
8.10
8.04
8.05
8.19
8.22
8.31
8.30

$263.09
264.71
265.03
263.09
262.44
264.06
263.71
264.04
264.54
266.33
269.24
268.92

8.61

314.27

32.1

8.35

268.04

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1985 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1985 forward are subject to revision.

83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry

Industry

1972
SIC.
Code

Total private .
Mining ..

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

34.7

34.7

34.9

34.4

43.8

44.4

41.6

42.4

42.3

10
101
102

41.7
40.6
41.8

40.7
40.9
40.0

41.0
40.5
41.9

41.2
39.8
41.8

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining .

11,12
12

41.7
41.8

42.6
42.6

39.7
39.7

41.6
41.7

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

13
131,2
138

44.7
43.5
45.3

45.7
45.9
45.5

41.9
42.0
41.8

42.5
42.0
42.9

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels .
Crushed and broken stone

14
142

43.6
44.7

43.0
44.4

44.3
45.2

43.8
44.2

36.9

37.2

36.5

36.9

General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction .

15
152
153
154

36.8
36.1
40.1
37.2

36.8
36.1
39.1
37.4

36.6
35.9
37.4
37.2

37.0
36.7
37.0
37.2

Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway .

16
161
162

38.9
36.8
39.9

40.2
39.4
40.4

38.9
37.6
39.6

38.3
36.6
39.2

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning ...
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating .
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

36.5
38.4
34.2
39.5
34.7
35.0
32.0

36.6
38.1
34.3
39.1
34.6
34.5
33.7

35.9
37.8
34.1
38.6
33.6
35.1
31.5

36.6
38.6
34.6
39.6
34.5
35.7
31.7

41.7

40.7

41.0

41.6

Manufacturing ...
Durable goods .

Jan.
1987P

35.2

Metal mining ..
Iron ores
Copper ores ..

Construction ..

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

37.4

40.8

3.8

3.3

3.6

3.8

3.5
3.5

42.5

41.4

41.6

42.2

4.1

3.5

3.7

3.9

Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

40.2
38.8
41.2
41.3
41.4
40.8
40.7
40.5
40.9
42.0
38.6
37.2
37.6
40.7

39.7
39.1
40.9
41.1
40.3
40.0
40.0
38.3
40.5
42.5
37.9
36.7
37.3
39.7

40.3
38.5
41.3
41.5
41.0
40.7
40.4
40.5
40.1
42.8
38.6
38.6
38.4
40.2

40.4
38.6
41.3
41.3
41.9
41.0
40.4
41.5
40.7
42.7
38.7
38.7
38.5
40.6

39.8

3.3
2.8
3.9
4.0
3.5
3.5
2.9
3.6
3.3
4.7
2.5
2.2
2.1
3.3

2.9
2.6
3.6
3.8
2.8
2.8
2.4
2.0
3.3
4.4
2.0
1.7
1.6
2.9

3.6
3.8
4.5
4.7
3.7
3.5
2.6
3.6
3.2
5.3
2.5
2.3
2.0
3.2

3.7
3.7
4.3
4.4
4.3
3.7
2.6
4.2
3.7
5.3
2.4
2.3
1.9
3.5

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture ...
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture .
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures .

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

41.1
40.3
40.4
40.7
40.4
38.8
42.6
41.9
41.8
43.2

39.4
38.9
39.4
38.0
40.0
38.9
40.8
39.4
40.1
40.7

40.0
39.7
40.6
39.2
39.3
37.4
40.5
40.7
41.1
40.0

40.9
40.8
40.7
41.6
41.0
38.7
41.0
40.7
40.9
41.7

39.7

3.1
2.8
2.9
3.2
2.7
2.1
3.7
4.3
3.5
3.5

2.4
2.2
2.5
1.6
2.9
2.2
2.9
2.3
2.6
2.4

2.7
2.5
3.0
2.3
1.8
1.9
2.6
3.3
3.2
2.4

3.3
3.4
3.4
3.9
3.0
2.5
3.2
3.6
3.0
3.8

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass

32
321
322

41.7
44.9
41.9

41.6
44.1
41.6

41.9
45.0
41.8

42.0
46.0
42.2

41.3

4.4
6.3
4.4

4.5
5.8
4.4

4.7
6.4
4.7

4.6
6.5
5.0

Glass and glassware, pressed or blown .
See footnotes at end of table.

34




Jan.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Total private ..

.

Mining ..

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

$8.71

$8.72

$8.85

$8.83

$8.88 $306.59 $302.58 $307.10 $308.17 $305.47

12.27

12.24

12.57

12.61

12.65

537.43

543.46

522.91

534.66

Metal mining ..
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

13.43
13.05
13.51

13.40
13.26
13.24

12.77
14.00
11.31

12.71
14.01
11.30

560.03
529.83
564.72

545.38
542.33
529.60

523.57
567.00
473.89

523.65
557.60
472.34

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

11,12
12

15.36
15.41

15.39
15.44

15.90
15.97

15.79
15.85

640.51
644.14

655.61
657.74

631.23
634.01

656.86
660.95

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

13
131,2
138

11.45
13.81
10.40

11.34
13.81
10.15

11.57
13.76
10.10

11.59
13.87
10.15

511.82
600.74
471.12

518.24
633.88
461.83

484.78
577.92
422.18

492.58
582.54
435.44

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone

14
142

10.30
9.60

10.30
9.44

10.61
9.92

10.65
9.87

449.08
429.12

442.90
419.14

470.02
448.38

466.47
436.25

12.47

12.34

12.59

12.71

460.14

459.05

459.54

469.00

Construction

Jan.
1987P

12.57

535.10

470.12

General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction .. ,

15
152
153
154

11.38
10.74
9.37
12.10

11.29
10.72
9.35
11.96

11.54
10.83
9.93
12.33

11.62
10.93
10.07
12.40

418.78
387.71
375.74
450.12

415.47
386.99
365.59
447.30

422.36
388.80
371.38
458.68

429.94
401.13
372.59
461.28

Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway ..

16
161
162

11.96
11.01
12.36

11.77
10.71
12.18

12.04
11.92
12.11

12.11
11.82
12.25

465.24
405.17
493.16

473.15
421.97
492.07

468.36
448.19
479.56

463.81
432.61
480.20

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning ...
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating .
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

13.12
13.22
12.05
14.55
13.00
12.07
11.56

12.99
13.14
12.07
14.32
13.02
11.92
11.40

13.21
13.37
12.21
14.66
13.34
12.27
11.79

13.32
13.45
12.36
14.75
13.25
12.44
11.95

478.88
507.65
412.11
574.73
451.10
422.45
369.92

475.43
500.63
414.00
559.91
450.49
411.24
384.18

474.24
505.39
416.36
565.88
448.22
430.68
371.39

487.51
519.17
427.66
584.10
457.13
444.11
378.82

9.74

9.70

9.77

9.84

9.83

406.16

394.79

400.57

409.34

401.06
429.32

Manufacturing .

10.34

10.27

10.33

10.40

10.37

439.45

425.18

429.73

438.88

Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

8.35
11.40
8.61
9.04
6.44
8.18
8.39
7.42
6.75
9.76
5.89
7.50
7.55
7.13

8.30
10.85
8.61
9.03
6.46
8.20
8.43
7.34
6.69
9.79
5.88
7.41
7.43
7.12

8.39
11.11
8.54
8.94
6.53
8.25
8.38
7.71
6.79
9.62
5.99
7.75
7.80
7.22

8.34
10.90
8.54
8.94
6.59
8.24
8.38
7.68
6.88
9.55
6.02
7.73
7.76
7.21

8.26

335.67
442.32
354.73
373.35
266.62
333.74
341.47
300.51
276.08
409.92
227.35
279.00
283.88
290.19

329.51
424.24
352.15
371.13
260.34
328.00
337.20
281.12
270.95
416.08
222.85
271.95
277.14
282.66

338.12
427.74
352.70
371.01
267.73
335.78
338.55
312.26
272.28
411.74
231.21
299.15
299.52
290.24

336.94
420.74
352.70
369.22
276.12
337.84
338.55
318.72
280.02
407.79
232.97
299.15
298.76
292.73

328.75

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture ...
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture .
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures .

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

7.38
6.77
6.28
7.39
6.91
7.14
8.27
7.96
8.99
7.73

7.36
6.74
6.26
7.31
6.90
7.15
8.38
7.87
8.86
7.75

7.52
6.94
6.43
7.60
7.04
7.30
8.25
8.04
9.22
7.86

7.59
7.02
6.46
7.75
7.07
7.50
8.37
8.19
9.20
8.05

7.56

303.32
272.83
253.71
300.77
279.16
277.03
352.30
333.52
375.78
333.94

289.98
262.19
246.64
277.78
276.00
278.14
341.90
310.08
355.29
315.43

300.80
275.52
261.06
297.92
276.67
273.02
334.13
327.23
378.94
314.40

310.43
286.42
262.92
322.40
289.87
290.25
343.17
333.33
376.28
335.69

300.13

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown ..

32
321
322

9.95
14.05
10.85

9.96
13.99
10.89

10.13
14.24
11.14

10.17
14.44
11.17

10.18

414.92
630.85
454.62

414.34
616.96
453.02

424.45
640.80
465.65

427.14
664.24
471.37

420.43

Durable goods .

See footnotes at end of table.




85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass ..
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products ..
Concrete block and brick . ,...
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ..
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating ..
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

1972
SIC
Code

See footnotes at end of table.

86




Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

42.8
40.8
42.3
41.1
41.5
40.8
41.5
44.1
42.7
38.4
42.2
41.4
45.1

41.8
41.4
42.6
41.5
41.1
40.1
41.7
42.9
42.5
39.4
41.7
39.9
43.2

42.0
41.5
41.8
41.6
41.9
39.8
42.5
44.0
43.6
40.4
41.5
40.2
45.2

42.5
41.8
42.2
42.3
41.8
40.8
41.8
43.6
43.3
39.4
42.2
41.3
45.8

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336

42.6
42.0
41.7
44.5
42.3
42.5
41.7
41.2
42.0
42.1
43.5
42.9
43.3
43.5
43.1
43.5

41.8
41.3
41.0
43.6
41.3
41.5
40.2
40.4
41.6
42.0
42.9
42.1
43.3
42.8
42.0
42.5

42.4
42.1
42.2
42.8
42.3
42.6
41.8
40.3
43.2
43.6
43.2
42.6
44.2
43.1
41.6
42.1

43.0
42.7
42.8
43.4
43.0
43.1
41.9
41.8
43.7
44.6
43.7
43.1
44.9
43.6
42.3
43.0

42.6
45.3
45.9
42.4
41.6
42.9
41.8
42.2
41.6
41.9
43.4
41.3
43.0
40.3
41.5
43.6
42.4
44.7
44.4
44.1
46.4
41.9
41.9
41.3
43.0
42.6
42.1
41.4
41.5
41.2

41.4
43.2
43.6
41.4
40.8
41.6
40.8
41.2
40.3
40.6
42.3
39.6
41.0
40.0
40.1
42.7
41.6
43.8
42.9
42.5
44.7
40.9
40.5
40.2
41.1
41.5
40.9
40.6
40.5
40.4

41.5
43.2
43.3
41.5
42.0
41.4
40.7
40.5
40.5
41.0
41.8
40.5
41.5
40.5
39.6
42.4
40.5
44.2
43.0
40.9
44.9
41.2
41.1
40.7
41.9
40.4
40.1
40.9
40.6
41.2

42.9
42.7
42.3
42.9
40.8
40.6

41.7
41.6
40.2
42.1
41.1
40.9

41.9
42.8
41.1
43.5
40.1
40.2

3361

34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
342
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc .
3451
Screw machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
347
Metal services, nee
3471
Plating and polishing
3479
Metal coating and allied services
348
Ordnance and accessories, nee
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets .
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment

Average weekly hours

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523

Average overtime hours
Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

5.6
3.0
3.6
3.0
4.1
3.3
5.3
6.5
5.3
4.3
3.8
2.6
4.5

5.4
3.3
3.2
3.7
3.7
2.7
5.6
6.2
5.4
5.0
3.8
2.0
3.4

5.7
3.6
3.4
3.1
4.1
2.6
5.8
6.5
5.8
5.0
4.1
2.9
5.6

6.0
3.9
3.6
3.6
4.1
3.2
5.2
5.8
5.5
4.1
4.3
3.2
6.4

42.6
41.9

4.3
3.7
3.6
5.0
4.6
5.2
2.8
3.2
3.4
3.3
5.4
4.2
5.6
5.9
4.4
4.9

4.1
3.7
3.6
4.8
4.0
4.6
2.4
2.6
3.4
3.4
5.2
4.3
6.1
5.2
3.8
4.4

4.4
4.0
4.1
4.0
4.4
5.1
3.6
2.6
4.1
3.7
5.4
4.4
7.0
5.4
3.6
3.9

4.6
4.2
4.3
4.7
4.7
5.3
3.0
3.2
4.3
4.2
5.5
5.5
6.7
5.2
4.0
4.3

42.1
43.7
43.7
41.7
42.8
41.3
41.0
39.9
40.7
41.5
42.4
39.9
42.9
41.6
40.0
43.1
41.3
44.9
43.8
42.7
45.8
41.6
41.0
40.6
41.7
42.0
41.1
41.7
41.1
41.8

41.3

4.1
5.7
6.1
3.8
2.8
4.4
3.3
3.1
3.5
3.5
4.0
3.2
4.1
2.8
4.1
4.8
4.0
5.6
5.5
5.2
6.9
3.9
4.0
3.6
4.9
2.9
2.7
3.3
3.8
2.9

3.5
5.8
6.1
3.1
2.2
3.7
2.4
2.6
2.1
2.9
3.8
2.4
2.9
2.5
3.6
4.5
3.6
5.3
4.8
4.8
5.9
3.4
3.4
3.1
4.1
2.6
2.5
2.8
3.1
2.3

3.7
5.3
5.3
3.3
3.1
3.5
3.0
2.0
3.1
3.4
3.8
3.2
3.4
3.0
3.3
4.5
3.2
5.8
4.7
3.2
5.9
3.6
3.6
3.5
3.9
2.7
2.3
2.9
2.6
3.1

3.9
5.1
5.0
3.5
3.7
3.5
3.1
1.7
3.0
3.4
3.6
2.8
4.0
3.3
3.2
4.9
3.6
6.1
5.3
4.2
6.6
3.9
3.7
3.5
4.0
2.9
2.1
3.3
3.0
3.0

42.8
43.4
41.6
44.1
41.8
42.2

42.0

4.1
5.4
6.5
5.0
2.3
2.2

3.4
4.4
3.3
4.8
2.8
2.7

3.6
4.9
5.0
4.9
2.4
2.8

4.0
6.4
6.5
6.3
2.9
3.1

Jan.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee ...
Products of purchased glass ..
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products ..
Concrete block and brick .
Concrete products, nee .
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products...
Abrasive products ...
Asbestos products ..

3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

$11.27
10.32
8.67
13.29
8.13
8.72
9.65
8.34
8.55
10.70
10.18
9.59
10.17

$11.20
10.50
8.95
13.37
8.17
8.79
9.57
8.37
8.54
10.56
10.11
9.53
10.08

$11.48
10.72
8.73
13.70
8.33
8.76
9.82
8.80
8.71
10.69
10.43
9.72
10.45

$11.50
10.76
8.71
13.58
8.40
8.89
9.78
8.70
8.71
10.65
10.58
9.87
10.56

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ..
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals ..
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating ..
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries ..

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

11.84
13.44
14.06
10.95
10.78
11.32
11.11
9.81
13.81
14.39
11.27
10.09
14.08
11.03
9.56
9.85

11.81
13.48
14.09
10.94
10.73
11.23
11.31
9.73
13.69
14.12
11.09
10.06
13.76
10.78
9.59
9.91

11.87
13.78
14.49
10.97
10.66
11.14
11.15
9.90
13.27
13.71
11.27
10.25
13.62
11.13
9.53
9.82

11.94
13.88
14.62
10.95
10.65
11.14
11.08
10.01
13.17
13.65
11.35
10.42
13.80
11.19
9.61
9.89

9.91
13.37
14.09
9.84
8.94
10.38
8.98
8.71
8.86
9.15
9.45
7.56
10.22
9.51
8.64
9.37
8.78
9.92
11.96
12.58
13.92
8.92
7.90
7.73
8.24
10.53
10.11
9.12
9.87
8.23

9.85
13.29
14.05
9.84
8.89
10.38
8.82
8.55
8.63
9.08
9.37
7.57
10.12
9.46
8.56
9.29
8.74
9.81
11.90
12.42
13.78
9.00
7.93
7.75
8.29
10.46
10.05
9.03
9.75
8.09

9.93
13.32
14.09
9.80
8.92
10.26
9.07
8.71
8.97
9.16
9.68
7.68
10.34
9.42
8.29
9.55
8.98
10.07
11.92
12.36
13.86
9.20
7.93
7.88
8.03
10.86
10.55
9.20
9.86
8.27

10.55
13.25
13.16
13.28
10.05
11.02

10.50
12.99
12.67
13.10
9.93
10.95

10.59
13.14
12.88
13.24
8.99
9.52

Fabricated metal products
34
Metal cans and shipping containers
341
Metal cans
3411
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
342
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
3451
Screw machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
347
Metal services, nee
3471
Plating and polishing
3479
Metal coating and allied services
348
Ordnance and accessories, nee
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets .
Internal combustion engines, nee ....
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

$482.36
421.06
366.74
546.22
337.40
355.78
400.48
367.79
365.09
410.88
429.60
397.03
458.67

$468.16 $482.16 $488.75
434.70 444.88 449.77
381.27 364.91
367.56
554.86 569.92 574.43
335.79 349.03 351.12
352.48 348.65 362.71
399.07 417.35 408.80
359.07 387.20 379.32
362.95 379.76 377.14
416.06 431.88
419.61
421.59 432.85
446.48
380.25 390.74 407.63
435.46 472.34 483.65

$11.90
13.84

504.38
564.48
586.30
487.28
455.99
481.10
463.29
404.17
580.02
605.82
490.25
432.86
609.66
479.81
412.04
428.48

493.66
556.72
577.69
476.98
443.15
466.05
454.66
393.09
569.50
593.04
475.76
423.53
595.81
461.38
402.78
421.18

503.29
580.14
611.48
469.52
450.92
474.56
466.07
398.97
573.26
597.76
486.86
436.65
602.00
479.70
396.45
413.42

513.42
592.68
625.74
475.23
457.95
480.13
464.25
418.42
575.53
608.79
496.00
449.10
619.62
487.88
406.50
425.27

$506.94
579.90

10.03
13.32
14.10
9.88
8.96
10.37
9.17
8.66
9.08
9.27
9.73
111
10.30
9.57
8.45
9.59
8.96
10.17
12.10
12.60
14.08
9.24
8.02
7.99
8.09
10.81
10.44
9.27
9.89
8.31

9.98

422.17
605.66
646.73
417.22
371.90
445.30
375.36
367.56
368.58
383.39
410.13
312.23
439.46
383.25
358.56
408.53
372.27
443.42
531.02
554.78
645.89
373.75
331.01
319.25
354.32
448.58
425.63
377.57
409.61
339.08

407.79
574.13
612.58
407.38
362.71
431.81
359.86
352.26
347.79
368.65
396.35
299.77
414.92
378.40
343.26
396.68
363.58
429.68
510.51
527.85
615.97
368.10
321.17
311.55
340.72
434.09
411.05
366.62
394.88
326.84

412.10
575.42
610.10
406.70
374.64
424.76
369.15
352.76
363.29
375.56
404.62
311.04
429.11
381.51
328.28
404.92
363.69
445.09
512.56
505.52
622.31
379.04
325.92
320.72
336.46
438.74
423.06
376.28
400.32
340.72

422.26
582.08
616.17
412.00
383.49
428.28
375.97
345.53
369.56
384.71
412.55
310.02
441.87
398.11
338.00
413.33
370.05
456.63
529.98
538.02
644.86
384.38
328.82
324.39
337.35
454.02
429.08
386.56
406.48
347.36

412.17

10.66
13.47
13.17
13.58
9.00
9.55

10.66

452.60
565.78
556.67
569.71
410.04
447.41

437.85
540.38
509.33
551.51
408.12
447.86

443.72
562.39
529.37
575.94
360.50
382.70

456.25
584.60
547.87
598.88
376.20
403.01

447.72

See footnotes at end of table.




87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery .
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment..
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators .
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories . .
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

See footnotes at end of table.

88




1972
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599

43.1
43.5
42.7
43.4
44.1
41.3
44.1
45.1
43.5
44.8
42.7
43.0
43.3
43.1
43.3
42.0
42.5
42.2
43.4
42.2
42.2
42.2
42.0
44.1
44.0
41.9
42.1
41.9
43.2
41.7

41.9
42.7
41.1
42.0
42.5
39.5
42.9
43.0
42.4
44.0
41.7
39.4
41.5
41.7
41.3
40.2
41.4
40.8
42.9
41.2
40.3
41.8
42.0
42.1
42.0
40.5
40.7
41.2
41.8
41.1

41.7
43.1
40.7
39.5
42.6
41.1
42.3
42.0
42.5
43.0
40.8
41.4
42.6
43.1
43.5
42.2
41.8
41.1
43.4
42.9
40.8
42.6
41.8
42.9
42.9
41.1
41.3
41.4
42.9
41.1

43.0
44.1
42.0
41.9
43.5
42.3
43.1
43.0
42.6
43.6
42.2
42.6
43.2
43.6
44.0
42.5
43.0
43.1
43.8
42.1
42.3
44.6
43.6
43.4
43.4
42.1
42.2
41.8
43.8
41.5

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

42.2
42.9
45.1
40.9
41.7
42.1
40.9
41.1
41.1
40.8
40.3
41.2
40.6
41.1
42.0
40.8
41.8
41.8
42.8
42.2
43.0
42.3
42.6
42.2
42.7
42.6
44.6
42.8

41.1
41.5
42.9
40.3
41.0
41.6
39.6
40.1
40.5
40.5
38.8
40.4
39.2
40.8
41.1
39.8
41.1
41.1
41.6
40.8
41.8
41.1
44.3
40.7
41.2
41.3
42.1
42.0

41.4
40.9
41.5
40.3
41.3
41.6
40.3
41.5
40.0
42.1
42.2
40.4
40.7
40.1
41.6
39.5
41.8
42.2
41.6
40.8
41.8
41.4
43.0
41.0
41.9
42.0
44.2
41.8

42.0
41.7
42.1
41.3
41.5
41.3
41.0
41.9
40.7
45.0
41.9
40.9
41.7
40.6
42.0
40.1
42.9
43.2
42.9
41.8
43.2
42.0
45.1
41.8
42.2
42.4
43.9
42.8

Jan.
1987P

40.9

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

4.0
3.8
3.3
4.1
5.2
4.1
5.4
5.6
5.6
6.5
4.3
1.8
4.5
3.6
3.4
3.9
3.8
3.5
4.2
4.1
3.5
4.1
3.8
3.3
3.1
3.3
3.4
4.1
5.2
4.0

2.9
2.7
2.1
3.1
3.6
2.9
4.8
4.1
4.8
6.2
3.3
2.1
3.3
3.1
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.1
4.4
2.2
2.0
3.5
3.9
2.5
2.4
2.5
2.9
3.6
4.2
3.5

2.8
2.1
2.2
3.5
4.1
2.9
4.6
3.8
4.6
5.5
3.5
2.2
3.8
3.7
4.6
4.2
3.4
2.5
5.0
3.6
2.5
4.3
3.7
3.4
3.4
3.1
3.2
3.6
3.9
3.5

3.5
3.0
3.3
4.3
4.1
3.8
4.9
4.0
5.2
5.7
3.9
3.3
4.4
4.1
4.7
4.7
4.1
3.5
5.1
3.4
3.6
5.1
4.6
3.3
3.3
3.5
3.6
3.9
4.4
3.8

3.3
3.4
3.6
3.1
3.2
3.5
2.9
3.3
4.3
2.1
2.4
3.1
2.8
2.6
3.0
2.6
3.8
3.8
3.4
2.8
3.6
3.2
2.9
2.8
3.7
3.9
4.5
4.4

2.7
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.4
2.9
1.4
2.5
3.2
1.7
1.4
2.6
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.3
3.0
3.0
2.5
1.8
2.8
2.9
3.2
2.9
3.1
3.2
3.0
3.9

3.1
2.9
3.0
2.8
2.7
3.1
1.7
3.6
3.4
2.6
4.2
2.6
3.0
2.1
3.0
2.0
2.9
2.5
2.8
2.3
3.0
3.3
3.1
3.5
3.5
3.6
4.7
3.9

3.3
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.1
3.5
2.3
4.0
3.5
4.2
4.1
2.8
3.1
2.6
3.1
1.9
3.1
2.8
2.9
2.6
3.0
3.5
4.0
3.7
3.6
3.6
4.0
4.3

Jan.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves .
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ...
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories ...
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies ....
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1972
SIC
Code

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599

Dec.
1985

3694

Dec.
1986P

9.64

9.66

9.76
9.35

9.58
9.35

9.66

9.36
10.74

9.44
10.70

11.05
7.09
8.79
9.91
8.27
9.15
6.52
9.83

11.13

9.39
9.49
11.28
11.35
7.25
8.95

9.68
11.14
11.84
7.30
8.91

8.99
8.87
9.11
9.72

3679
369
3691

Nov.
1986

9.84
9.18
9.09
9.28
9.69
9.68

9.68

361

3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674

Jan.
1986

$11.14 $11.03 $11.02 $11.12
12.30 12.15 12.13 12.24
11.73 11.33 11.39 11.44
11.21 11.11 11.13 11.23
9.90
9.96
10.10 10.07
9.88 10.07
9.52
9.37
10.91 10.93 11.08 11.12
10.88 10.86 11.15 11.12
11.29 11.42 11.53 11.61
11.67 11.70 11.77 11.81
9.94 10.01
9.68
9.83
8.43
8.48
8.40
8.57
10.35 10.48 10.55
10.45
10.57 10.72 10.72
10.59
8.14
8.17
8.48
8.49
10.97 10.81 11.20 11.23
10.27 10.19 10.29 10.38
10.94 10.76 10.97 11.06
10.48 10.65 10.74 10.87
10.26
10.32 10.35
9.95
9.22
9.08
9.00
9.33
10.77 10.65 10.14 10.28
10.26 10.32 10.28 10.47
10.15 10.12
9.77
9.64
9.74 10.10 10.06
9.56
10.36 10.26 10.41 10.42
10.67 10.62 10.65 10.63
10.24 10.16 10.24 10.35
13.09 12.80 12.64 12.77
9.87
9.74
9.78
9.97

36
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

10.18

11.41
10.96
11.58
8.55
11.00

9.76
7.98
10.59
11.00
11.33

9.60
8.88
8.73
9.03

9.75
9.14

7.13
8.71
9.89
8.23

9.08
6.47
9.52
9.94
11.33
10.84
11.50
8.51
10.79
9.79
7.89
10.46
10.80
11.14

9.05
9.21

10.00

8.39
9.40
6.46
9.47
9.81
11.49
11.19
11.59
8.82
10.87
10.58
7.98
10.40

10.97
10.85

9.47

9.93
8.45

9.32
6.51
9.52
9.87
11.57

11.22
11.68
8.92
10.94
10.65
8.09

10.54
10.94
11.13

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

$480.13 $462.16 $459.53
535.05 518.81 522.80
500.87 465.66 463.57
486.51 466.62 439.64
445.41 427.98 421.74
386.98 376.04 406.07
481.13 468.90 468.68
490.69 466.98 468.30
491.12 484.21 490.03
522.82 514.80 506.11
419.74 403.66 405.55
361.20 334.11 349.00
452.49 429.53 446.45
456.43 440.77 462.03
353.76 336.18 368.88
460.74 434.56 472.64
436.48 421.87 430.12
461.67 439.01 450.87
454.83 456.89 466.12
432.97 409.94 442.73
383.18 362.70 376.18
454.49 445.17 431.96
430.92 433.44 429.70
425.12 411.32 435.44
420.64 409.08 433.29
434.08 415.53 427.85
449.21 432.23 439.85
429.06 418.59 423.94
565.49 535.04 542.26
407.83 400.31 405.66
$9.81 408.50
385.67
400.04
372.60
405.32
410.90
382.42
384.70
441.41
450.84
285.73
362.15
402.35
339.90
384.30
266.02
410.89
425.52
488.35
462.51
497.94
361.67
468.60
411.87
340.75
451.13
490.60
484.92

394.56
368.52
374.52
363.91
395.24
398.53
370.26
378.54
433.35
450.77
276.64
351.88
387.69
335.78
373.19
257.51
391.27
408.53
471.33
442.27
480.70
349.76
478.00
398.45
325.07
432.00
454.68
467.88

403.65
373.83
375.58
371.16
398.96
401.86
378.42
393.84
451.20
477.84
305.95
361.58
407.00
336.44
391.04
255.17
395.85
413.98
477.98
456.55
484.46
365.15
467.41
433.78
334.36
436.80
484.87
453.53

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

$478.16
539.78
480.48
470.54
433.26
425.96

479.27
478.16
494.59
514.92
422.42
365.08
455.76
467.39
373.56
477.28
446.34
476.69
476.11
435.74
394.66
458.49
456.49
439.21
436.60
438.68
448.59
432.63
559.33
413.76

413.28 $401.23
382.81
382.69
383.26
402.14
399.78
388.27
405.59
453.40
532.80
305.87
364.42
414.08
343.07
391.44
261.05
408.41
426.38
496.35
469.00
504.58
374.64
493.39
445.17
341.40
446.90
480.27
476.36

See footnotes at end of table.




89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts .
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1972
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

44.2
45.3
45.7
42.5
45.4
43.4
43.4
42.2
43.6
45.1
42.0
42.4
40.7
41.1
43.9
44.7
42.1
38.4

43.0
43.6
43.5
40.8
44.3
39.0
42.9
42.3
43.0
43.6
41.3
41.6
40.2
41.5
43.5
44.3
40.7
37.6

42.5
42.6
42.2
41.2
43.4
40.7
43.3
42.5
43.9
44.2
40.6
40.7
40.4
39.7
42.6
42.6
41.0
38.9

43.3
43.7
43.6
42.7
44.3
41.7
43.7
42.2
44.7
45.3
41.4
41.5
41.2
40.9
43.3
43.5
41.3
39.0

42.6
42.9

5.8
6.6
7.1
4.6
6.5
4.5
5.6
4.3
6.8
6.5
4.2
4.8
2.5
2.8
5.4
5.9
2.9
1.8

4.7
5.2
5.3
3.4
5.5
1.8
4.6
4.0
5.1
5.1
3.7
4.2
2.5
2.9
5.0
5.5
2.7
1.8

4.4
4.2
3.8
3.3
4.8
2.7
5.4
4.6
6.4
6.0
3.2
3.5
2.5
3.5
4.5
4.6
4.3
3.0

4.6
4.6
4.4
3.7
5.0
3.5
5.4
4.0
6.7
6.7
3.2
3.4
2.8
2.5
4.5
4.5
4.8
3.7

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments ...
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies ...
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

42.6
43.3
42.5
41.2
45.4
41.6
42.5
42.8
42.6
42.9
40.7
43.1
38.8

41.1
42.3
40.5
40.1
41.3
40.2
41.7
41.3
41.8
40.9
39.7
42.2
39.8

41.5
42.4
41.4
40.0
41.1
41.6
41.7
40.8
41.0
40.7
40.1
43.6
40.4

42.3
43.5
42.3
41.0
43.9
40.8
42.3
41.8
41.8
41.9
41.4
43.5
41.1

41.4

3.2
3.8
2.5
2.7
3.0
2.2
3.4
4.2
3.6
4.6
2.1
3.7
1.7

2.6
3.3
2.0
2.0
2.7
1.7
3.0
3.1
3.1
3.0
1.6
2.8
1.4

2.9
3.4
2.5
2.2
2.1
2.4
2.8
3.0
3.2
2.8
3.0
3.8
2.1

3.4
3.8
3.1
2.9
3.1
2.5
3.3
3.5
3.1
3.9
3.1
3.9
2.6

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

40.7
40.9
40.5
41.8
39.5
37.6
40.7
41.9
40.9
41.2
40.9
41.9

39.8
38.6
37.6
39.4
39.8
38.9
40.4
39.3
40.3
40.0
40.2
40.4

40.2
40.5
40.2
42.1
39.9
39.7
40.0
41.2
39.7
38.3
40.0
40.7

40.3
39.9
39.3
42.4
39.9
39.0
40.5
41.6
38.5
37.2
40.8
41.0

39.6

3.0
3.9
4.0
3.4
2.3
1.6
2.9
3.0
2.9
2.9
3.0
3.2

2.2
2.3
1.8
1.6
1.8
1.6
2.0
1.9
2.4
1.9
2.6
2.4

3.0
3.9
4.5
3.4
2.4
2.3
2.4
2.7
4.4
5.4
2.5
2.8

2.8
3.3
3.6
3.3
2.4
2.1
2.6
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.9

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052

40.5
40.7
39.7
41.0
41.0
38.0
41.7
39.8
43.0
40.1
42.0
39.5
38.8
44.9
46.6
43.6
39.8
39.1
41.7

39.8
39.9
39.6
42.2
39.4
37.3
40.8
38.6
42.3
39.1
40.3
39.6
37.2
44.1
45.5
43.0
38.9
38.0
41.3

40.3
40.2
39.7
40.9
40.7
38.4
41.5
39.4
43.2
38.6
39.2
38.3
36.6
44.5
47.7
43.0
39.5
38.8
41.1

40.7
40.5
39.4
40.7
40.1
37.7
41.1
39.0
42.3
39.9
40.9
39.8
39.4
44.9
48.3
43.2
39.4
38.7
41.1

40.0
39.8

3.5
4.0
3.6
3.9
4.2
2.9
4.3
3.7
5.3
3.7
6.9
2.8
3.1
5.9
5.9
5.7
3.6
3.6
3.6

3.2
3.7
3.5
4.6
3.0
2.7
3.7
2.9
4.8
3.3
7.1
3.0
2.3
6.0
5.6
5.7
3.2
3.0
3.8

3.6
4.0
3.8
3.8
4.1
3.6
4.3
4.0
5.1
3.2
4.2
3.2
2.9
6.2
7.5
5.8
3.9
3.9
4.0

3.6
3.8
3.6
3.8
4.2
2.9
4.0
3.6
4.5
3.2
4.6
3.2
2.6
6.0
6.9
5.7
3.7
3.6
3.8

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats .
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ....
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
See footnotes at end of table.

90



Jan.
1987P

3.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts ..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment. ....
Travel trailers and campers

1972
SIC
Code

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373

3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products..
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

$13.06 $12.91 $12.92 $13.00 $12.93 $577.25
13.81 13.66 13.52 13.63 13.62 625.59
687.79
15.05 14.99 14.94 15.14
476.43
11.21 10.86 11.33 11.64
602.46
13.27 13.08 12.84 12.88
417.94
9.43
9.76
9.54
9.63
557.69
12.85 12.77 13.11 13.09
2
2
()
()
570.72
$13.09 $12.98 $13.46 $13.38
531.73
11.79 11.69 11.99 12.11
458.22
10.91 10.72 10.57 10.68
501.59
11.83 11.61 11.56 11.72
334.55
8.20
8.07
7.99
8.22
522.79
12.72 12.73 12.71 12.34
535.58
12.20 12.17 12.29 12.38
555.62
12.43 12.36 12.63 12.68
435.74
10.35 10.35 10.75 10.87
333.70
8.74
9.63
9.39
8.69

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

$555.13
595.58
652.07
443.09
579.44
367.77
547.83

$549.10
575.95
630.47
466.80
557.26
388.28
567.66

$562.90 $550.82
595.63 584.30
660.10
497.03
570.58
406.99
572.03

558.14
509.68
442.74
482.98
329.64
528.30
529.40
547.55
421.25
328.62

590.89
529.96
429.14
470.49
322.80
504.59
523.55
538.04
440.75
365.27

598.09
548.58
442.15
486.38
332.48
504.71
536.05
551.58
448.93
375.57

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

9.64
10.54
9.53
9.01
9.48
9.66
10.54
8.66
8.86
8.51
7.26
12.76
7.17

9.67 400.01
433.43
391.00
365.03
421.77
393.54
435.20
359.09
361.25
358.22
289.38
535.30
267.33

383.05
425.96
364.10
345.66
383.26
365.42
428.68
346.51
357.81
337.43
281.47
521.17
274.22

398.82
440.54
392.47
351.60
389.22
407.68
437.85
350.88
360.80
343.51
291.13
558.08
285.22

407.77
458.49
403.12
369.41
416.17
394.13
445.84
361.99
370.35
356.57
300.56
555.06
294.69

400.34

6.89

9.61
10.39
9.48
8.79
9.47
9.80
10.50
8.60
8.80
8.44
7.26
12.80
7.06

7.48
8.01
8.09
6.97
6.80
6.65
6.90
7.70
6.08
5.61
8.19
8.62

7.48
7.90
7.92
7.07
6.81
6.76
6.83
7.59
6.06
5.54
8.25
8.61

7.65
8.21
8.27
7.30
6.95
6.87
7.01
7.92
6.19
5.67
8.46
8.67

7.72
8.23
8.28
7.29
7.00
6.99
7.01

7.74 304.44

6.28
5.64
8.56
8.87

297.70
304.94
297.79
278.56
271.04
262.96
275.93
298.29
244.22
221.60
331.65
347.84

307.53
332.51
332.45
307.33
277.31
272.74
280.40
326.30
245.74
217.16
338.40
352.87

311.12
328.38
325.40
309.10
279.30
272.61
283.91
326.14
241.78
209.81
349.25
363.67

306.50

327.61
327.65
291.35
268.60
250.04
280.83
322.63
248.67
231.13
334.97
361.18

8.87
8.71
7.27
8.16
8.68
5.88
9.41
8.75
9.73
8.06
9.80
8.01
7.52
10.59
10.21
8.07
9.82
9.72
10.04

8.86
8.72
7.31
8.18
8.77
5.90
9.36
8.61
9.74
8.10
9.92
8.11
7.45
10.53
10.15
8.06
9.74
9.64
9.96

9.00
8.79
7.33
8.30
8.62
6.04
9.58
8.95
9.92
8.08
10.37
7.72
7.41
10.74
10.57
8.28
9.94
9.89
10.07

9.05
8.89
7.34
8.30
8.74
6.05
9.53
8.93
9.80
8.38
10.73
8.19
7.64
10.89
10.54
8.30
10.00
9.94
10.14

9.07 359.24
8.92 354.50
288.62
334.56
355.88
223.44
392.40
348.25
418.39
323.21
411.60
316.40
291.78
475.49
475.79
351.85
390.84
380.05
418.67

352.63
347.93
289.48
345.20
345.54
220.07
381.89
332.35
412.00
316.71
399.78
321.16
277.14
464.37
461.83
346.58
378.89
366.32
411.35

362.70
353.36
291.00
339.47
350.83
231.94
397.57
352.63
428.54
311.89
406.50
295.68
271.21
477.93
504.19
356.04
392.63
383.73
413.88

368.34
360.05
289.20
337.81
350.47
228.09
391.68
348.27
414.54
334.36
438.86
325.96
301.02
488.96
509.08
358.56
394.00
384.68
416.75

362.80
355.02

9.39
10.01

9.20
8.86

9.29
9.46
10.24
8.39
8.48
8.35

7.11
12.42
6.89

9.32
10.07
8.99
8.62

9.28
9.09
10.28
8.39
8.56
8.25
7.09
12.35

f.84

See footnotes at end of table.




91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986 P

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

4.4
8.4
2.9
6.3
3.9
6.0
3.2
4.0

3.7
6.6
2.4
5.5
3.5
6.2
2.5
3.7

4.2
8.5
2.8
5.5
3.8
6.3
2.8
3.4

4.0
7.7
2.7
5.3
3.5
4.6
3.0
3.7

Dec.
1986P

206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

42.0
47.0
39.8
45.0
41.2
43.8
39.6
39.1

40.1
44.0
38.0
43.5
40.1
42.2
39.0
37.6

42.3
46.5
40.9
43.6
40.5
43.9
39.0
38.2

42.7
46.2
41.4
43.9
41.2
43.9
39.5
39.1

Tobacco manufactures .
Cigarettes

21
211

38.1
36.9

37.7
37.1

38.4
37.7

37.9
37.6

37.4

1.3
1.1

1.1
.7

1.3
1.2

1.2
1.2

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool .
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks .
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

41.5
41.4
41.0
41.6
41.1
39.6
40.5
36.2
39.6
37.8
42.2
43.5
44.8
42.2
43.0
42.2
43.0
38.7
44.3

40.7
40.4
40.8
41.4
40.9
39.3
39.2
37.7
39.0
38.5
41.2
41.2
41.6
40.8
40.5
41.9
42.6
39.4
43.4

41.9
43.3
42.4
42.3
41.7
39.9
40.8
39.7
38.3
39.5
42.9
43.1
42.8
43.1
42.3
42.5
43.8
37.5
43.5

42.5
43.6
42.8
43.6
41.2
40.1
41.2
39.1
38.8
38.8
44.0
44.5
43.6
44.3
44.2
42.9
44.3
37.1
44.1

41.7

4.1
5.0
3.7
3.6
3.1
3.1
3.2
1.6
3.0
2.3
5.0
5.9
7.0
5.4
4.2
4.5
5.0
3.3
5.2

3.8
4.8
3.4
3.0
2.7
3.0
3.3
2.1
3.0
2.0
4.5
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.2
4.5
5.0
3.5
4.3

4.5
6.0
4.7
4.6
3.5
3.2
2.7
2.9
3.1
3.0
5.1
5.0
5.4
5.2
4.5
4.8
5.5
3.0
4.7

4.7
6.1
4.8
5.1
3.5
3.5
3.3
2.6
3.5
2.8
6.0
5.6
5.4
5.9
5.0
5.3
6.0
3.1
5.0

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

37.1
36.7
37.6
37.4
37.4
36.9
35.2
34.5
34.6
34.5
35.9
36.6
36.8
35.6
37.8
37.0
37.8
40.2
39.2
39.9
41.9

36.6
36.0
37.5
36.9
37.2
37.2
34.8
34.3
34.4
34.4
35.2
36.3
36.8
34.0
37.9
37.2
36.8
38.7
36.4
37.7
41.5

37.2
36.4
37.4
37.9
37.8
35.7
35.6
36.0
34.1
35.5
36.3
37.3
37.6
35.8
37.1
36.2
38.3
39.9
39.2
40.3
41.2

37.4
36.0
37.7
37.9
38.5
36.3
36.4
35.5
35.2
35.7
37.5
35.3
35.3
35.1
37.7
37.7
38.8
39.8
39.8
39.9
41.0

36.9

1.7
1.1
1.5
1.6
1.3
1.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.9
1.4
1.3
1.7
1.6
1.4
1.2
3.2
1.8
3.3
5.2

1.5
.9
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.4
1.0
1.3
.9
1.7
1.3
1.2
1.6
2.0
2.0
.8
2.4
.6
2.0
4.9

1.8
.9
1.5
1.6
1.5
1.2
1.6
1.4
1.3
1.5
1.9
1.6
1.7
1.2
1.7
1.6
1.9
3.2
2.3
3.6
5.0

1.8
1.1
1.5
1.6
1.1
1.2
1.8
1.5
1.4
1.2
2.3
1.1
1.1
.9
1.6
2.0
1.8
3.1
2.4
3.0
5.2

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper ..
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes ..
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes .
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

44.3
46.2
46.2
44.5
43.3
44.4
43.6
44.0
43.6
44.0
43.8
45.5

43.5
45.0
45.0
45.2
42.4
43.0
42.8
43.2
42.8
41.9
43.5
43.4

43.4
45.1
45.4
44.3
42.2
42.9
42.5
42.3
42.8
42.8
43.3
42.6

44.0
45.8
45.9
44.8
42.5
43.5
42.5
43.3
43.8
43.9
43.7
46.2

43.5

5.2
6.5
6.7
7.0
3.8
3.7
4.0
4.4
4.8
4.9
4.9
6.4

4.7
6.3
6.5
7.2
3.4
3.0
3.5
4.1
4.0
3.6
4.3
4.4

4.9
6.5
6.8
6.8
3.6
3.5
3.3
4.3
4.4
4.4
4.5
4.4

5.1
6.4
6.7
7.3
3.8
4.3
3.5
4.3
4.8
5.0
4.9
5.2

See footnotes at end of table.

92




Jan.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Dec.
1985

$8.52
9.64
7.38
8.67
11.77

Jan.
1986

$8.71

10.09
7.46
8.61

Nov.
1986

$8.54
9.95

7.29
8.99

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

$8.61
10.03
7.32
8.93
12.04

$357.84
453.08
293.72
390.15
484.92

$349.27
443.96
283.48
374.54

469.57

391.96
488.43

16.50

710.87
354.82
310.45

690.39
343.59
300.80

733.13
358.80
310.18

366.17
320.23

12.90 $13.06 448.82
555.71
15.95

448.25
556.50

484.61
594.15

488.91
599.72

$488.44

Jan.
1987P

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

$361.24 $367.65
462.68 463.39

298.16

303.05
392.03
496.05
724.35

11.71
16.36
8.81
8.00

12.06
16.70

2086
209

16.23
8.96
7.94

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

11.78
15.06

11.89
15.00

12.62
15.76

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yam and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221

6.83
7.13
7.32
7.19
6.46
6.25
6.20
5.90
6.14
5.76
6.88
7.25
7.21
7.77
7.06
6.41
6.42
6.40
7.69

6.85
7.10
7.29
7.18
6.46
6.31
6.31
5.99
6.21
5.84
6.87
7.20
7.12
7.76
7.12
6.42
6.43
6.45
7.76

7.07
7.43
7.55
7.52
6.64
6.45
6.23
6.07
6.55
5.98
7.03
7.37
7.44
7.79
7.50
6.62
6.62
6.69
8.06

7.13
7.42
7.61
7.66
6.60
6.52
6.27
6.09
6.64
6.01
7.14
7.41
7.50
7.74
7.54
6.68
6.68
6.75
8.17

7.12 283.45
295.18
300.12
299.10
265.51
247.50
251.10
213.58
243.14
217.73
290.34
315.38
323.01
327.89
303.58
270.50
276.06
247.68
340.67

278.80
286.84
297.43
297.25
264.21
247.98
247.35
225.82
242.19
224.84
283.04
296.64
296.19
316.61
288.36
269.00
273.92
254.13
336.78

296.23
321.72
320.12
318.10
276.89
257.36
254.18
240.98
250.87
236.21
301.59
317.65
318.43
335.75
317.25
281.35
289.96
250.88
350.61

303.03
323.51
325.71
333.98
271.92
261.45
258.32
238.12
257.63
233.19
314.16
329.75
327.00
342.88
333.27
286.57
295.92
250.43
360.30

296.90

5.80
6.65
5.34
5.15
5.26
5.38
5.59
5.17
5.84
6.58
5.35
5.34
5.19
6.04
5.15
4.99
5.53
7.06
5.40
5.91
11.32

5.82
6.70
5.38
5.17
5.30
5.45
5.60
5.20
5.88
6.44
5.38
5.39
5.22
6.24
5.15
4.97
5.57
7.12
5.52
5.90
11.33

5.83
6.70
5.38
5.19
5.30
5.44
5.56
5.07
5.94
6.40
5.31
5.42
5.26
6.20
5.19
5.03
5.63
7.07
5.65
5.95
10.99

5.83
6.64
5.41
5.21
5.34
5.48
5.60
5.06
5.93
6.49
5.39
5.43
5.26
6.22
5.19
5.10
5.64
7.00
5.55
6.04
10.67

5.86 215.18
244.06
200.78
192.61
196.72
198.52
196.77
178.37
202.06
227.01
192.07
195.44
190.99
215.02
194.67
184.63
209.03
283.81
211.68
235.81
474.31

213.01
241.20
201.75
190.77
197.16
202.74
194.88
178.36
202.27
221.54
189.38
195.66
192.10
212.16
195.19
184.88
204.98
275.54
200.93
222.43
470.20

216.88
243.88
201.21
196.70
200.34
194.21
197.94
182.52
202.55
227.20
192.75
202.17
197.78
221.96
192.55
182.09
215.63
282.09
221.48
239.79
452.79

218.04
239.04
203.96
197.46
205.59
198.92
203.84
179.63
208.74
231.69
202.13
191.68
185.68
218.32
195.66
192.27
218.83
278.60
220.89
241.00
437.47

216.23

11.07
13.44
13.53
14.06
9.52

11.02
13.37
13.46

11.17
13.69

11.24
13.70

11.22 490.40

13.76
14.04

9.48
10.85
8.53

13.78
14.26
9.71

10.93
8.92

9.95

8.92
9.46
9.75

8.94
9.58
9.84

9.69
9.34

9.72

9.88

9.66
10.01
9.92

9.15

9.37

9.48

484.78
617.42
624.70
621.97
405.96
468.90
379.10
378.16
410.02
421.15
427.80
399.16

494.56
627.46
632.50
638.85
412.68
477.63
384.63
390.57
423.11
439.44
433.50
437.98

488.07

13.84

479.37
601.65
605.70
625.57
401.95
466.55
365.08
385.34
404.89
408.53
422.82
397.11

222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282

229

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Mise. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236

2361
238
239

2391
2392
2396

10.89
8.63

9.00
9.50

9.20

9.27

8.12

8.19

9.62

10.98
9.05
9.02

620.93
625.09
625.67
412.22
483.52
376.27
396.00
414.20
437.80
424.42
424.97

See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress ..
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

1972
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

38.8
35.0
39.0
40.1
38.3
42.7
36.7
39.9
39.5
39.9
43.7
40.4
38.9

37.7
32.9
38.9
39.8
38.4
41.8
36.6
39.0
38.8
38.8
41.9
39.0
39.1

38.4
34.3
38.7
39.4
38.9
40.1
36.5
40.0
39.6
40.0
41.7
38.1
38.6

38.7
34.2
38.2
40.6
39.5
42.3
37.4
40.1
39.7
40.0
43.5
39.5
38.5

37.8

3.3
2.1
3.6
3.6
2.9
4.6
2.4
3.7
3.1
3.8
5.5
2.8
3.0

2.6
1.2
3.5
3.3
2.4
4.7
1.7
3.0
2.4
3.1
4.3
2.3
3.4

3.2
2.0
3.5
3.2
2.6
4.1
2.6
3.9
3.4
3.9
3.7
2.4
3.6

3.1
1.9
2.9
3.7
2.9
4.9
2.8
3.5
3.1
3.6
4.9
2.6
3.2

41.8
41.7
42.3
41.8
43.6
40.7
41.0
40.8
40.9
44.3
38.7
40.8
41.0
43.9
44.8
43.6
42.2
42.1

42.6
43.0
43.6
42.8
43.9
42.1
42.7
42.1
41.4
44.7
39.5
41.1
41.3
43.9
43.8
43.9
42.4
42.8

42.9
43.4
44.1
43.0
43.5
42.9
42.4
41.8
42.6
46.1
40.6
42.3
41.7
43.8
44.2
43.7
43.2
42.4

42.6

287
289

42.5
41.9
42.3
42.5
43.9
42.0
42.0
41.8
42.3
45.6
40.3
42.4
41.3
43.8
44.5
43.6
42.9
42.6

3.6
3.3
3.3
3.6
4.7
2.7
3.2
3.2
3.3
5.2
2.6
2.4
2.9
4.5
5.4
4.2
3.9
3.7

3.4
2.9
2.9
3.6
4.6
3.1
3.2
3.1
2.9
4.5
2.2
2.1
3.0
4.3
5.4
3.9
4.0
3.5

3.9
3.9
4.0
4.0
4.8
3.5
3.0
3.0
3.4
5.7
2.5
2.6
2.8
5.5
5.0
5.6
4.2
4.2

3.9
4.1
4.0
3.8
4.4
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.8
6.3
2.8
2.9
2.7
5.3
5.8
5.1
4.6
3.6

Petroleum and coal products ...
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials ,

29
291
295

43.7
44.3
42.8

43.2
43.8
41.7

43.9
44.1
43.7

43.9
44.1
43.5

43.5

4.5
4.4
5.6

4.0
4.0
4.7

4.8
4.3
6.9

4.6
4.4
5.9

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

30
301
302

42.0
42.9
39.9

41.4
43.3
39.2

41.7
43.6
40.0

42.2
43.6
38.8

41.4

3.9
4.3
1.6

3.6
4.5
'1.4

3.9
5.5
2.7

4.0
5.0
1.4

303,4
306
307

43.5
42.3
41.8

42.4
41.7
41.0

41.9
41.4
41.5

42.9
42.6
42.0

4.0
3.5
4.0

3.1
3.4
3.6

3.5
3.3
3.9

4.3
3.9
4.0

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .

31

37.9
41.3
37.5
36.8
37.9
39.6
36.9

37.1
40.3
36.7
36.0
37.6
36.6
36.6

37.2
40.9
36.2
35.4
37.1
39.0
38.0

37.9
41.1
37.4
37.8
37.6
39.4
36.8

37.3

1.6
3.7
1.4
1.2
1.7
2.0
1.4

1.3
3.3
1.2

2.0
3.2
1.6
1.3
2.0
1.2
3.2

1.7
3.5
1.5
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.3

39.7

39.0

39.3

39.2

38.1

4011

44.3

42.4

46.1

44.3

Local and interurban passenger transit ,
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

41
411
413

34.3
38.9
39.0

33.8
38.4
37.5

33.3
37.8
41.3

33.6
37.9
38.8

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals .
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

38.9
38.9
39.2

37.4
37.3
38.4

38.3
38.2
39.5

38.7
38.6
39.1

Pipe lines, except natural gas .

46

41.9

44.4

41.4

41.3

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275

2751
2752
276
278
279
28
281

2819
282

2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2844
2842,3
285
286
2865
. 2861,9

311
314
3143
3144
316
317

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

See footnotes at end of table.




.9
1.5
1.5

.6

Jan.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

1972
SIC
Code

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

$9.92
9.90
10.40
8.91
8.27
9.73
8.80
10.28
9.81
10.42
10.41
7.89
11.70

$9.85 $10.11 $10.11 $10.14 $384.90
346.50
9.91 10.01 10.12
405.60
10.51 10.92 10.76
357.29
8.71
9.36
9.21
316.74
8.01
8.62
8.85
415.47
9.67 10.11 10.06
322.96
8.80
9.16
9.18
410.17
10.19 10.40 10.41
387.50
9.75 10.02 10.03
415.76
10.34 10.52 10.55
454.92
10.22 10.52 10.64
318.76
7.78
7.98
8.10
455.13
11.79 12.12 12.10

$371.35
326.04
408.84
346.66
307.58
404.21
322.08
397.41
378.30
401.19
428.22
303.42
460.99

$388.22
343.34
422.60
368.78
344.27
405.41
335.07
416.00
396.79
420.80
438.68
304.04
467.83

$391.26 $383.29

11.86
13.01
13.09
12.02
12.98
11.87
11.01
10.68
10.75
13.62
9.02
9.89
10.28
14.12
14.07
14.14
11.32
10.88

12.15
13.36
13.44
12.26
13.30
11.83
11.19
10.98
10.94
13.96
9.31
10.14
10.59
14.60
14.52
14.63
11.84
11.25

12.19
13.38
13.41
12.23
13.32
11.67
11.24
11.07
11.06
14.15
9.45
10.07
10.75
14.59
14.96
14.47
11.88
11.29

12.16 503.63
553.92
564.71
507.45
569.82
488.04
460.74
446.42
450.07
624.72
362.30
415.10
422.50
627.22
622.56
629.15
489.06
460.93

495.75
542.52
553.71
502.44
565.93
483.11
451.41
435.74
439.68
603.37
349.07
403.51
421.48
619.87
630.34
616.50
477.70
458.05

517.59
574.48
585.98
524.73
583.87
498.04
477.81
462.26
452.92
624.01
367.75
416.75
437.37
640.94
635.98
642.26
502.02
481.50

522.95
580.69
591.38
525.89
579.42
500.64
476.58
462.73
471.16
652.32
383.67
425.96
448.28
639.04
661.23
632.34
513.22
478.70

518.02

14.40
15.42
11.34

14.29 622.29
678.23
462.24

616.03
671.45
446.61

626.01
676.49
490.31

632.16
680.02
493.29

621.62

8.87

8.84 366.66
583.01
238.20

359.77
583.68
235.98

367.38
603.42
237.20

374.31
602.99
232.41

365.98

346.10
411.03

373.93
340.49
425.54
342.58

417.44
398.19
422.00
462.84
319.95
465.85

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

2861,9
287
289

11.85
13.22
13.35
11.94
12.98
11.62
10.97
10.68
10.64
13.70
8.99
9.79
10.23
14.32
13.99
14.43
11.40
10.82

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

14.24
15.31
10.80

14.26
15.33
10.71

14.26
15.34
11.22

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

30
301
302

8.73
13.59
5.97

8.69
13.48
6.02

8.81
13.84

5.9a

13.83
5.99

303,4
306
307

8.48
8.57
8.12

8.36
8.51
8.08

9.00
8.57
8.17

9.10
8.66
8.25

368.88
362.51
339.42

354.46
354.87
331.28

377.10
354.80
339.06

390.39
368.92
346.50

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311
314
3143
3144

5.83
7.44
5.54
5.87
5.32
6.46
5.74

5.86
7.46
5.60
5.96
5.37
6.19
5.66

5.98
7.80
5.69
6.05
5.45
6.24
5.87

5.98
7.92
5.68
6.10
5.39
6.23
5.83

6.00 220.96
307.27
207.75
216.02
201.63
255.82
211.81

217.41
300.64
205.52
214.56
201.91
226.55
207.16

222.46
319.02
205.98
214.17
202.20
243.36
223.06

226.64
325.51
212.43
230.58
202.66
245.46
214.54

223.80

11.61

11.59

11.75

11.72

11.71 460.92

452.01

461.78

459.42

446.15

4011

13.97

13.67

14.06

14.07

618.87

579.61

648.17

623.30

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

41
411

7.81
8.25

7.88
8.30

8.14

413

11.24

11.75

8.24
8.65
11.87

8.68
11.74

267.88
320.93
438.36

266.34
318.72
440.63

274.39
326.97
490.23

273.50
328.97
455.51

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

10.73
10.91
8.24

10.64
10.82
8.29

10.74
10.94
8.20

10.80
10.99
8.26

417.40
424.40
323.01

397.94
403.59
318.34

411.34
417.91
323.90

417.96
424.21
322.97

Pipe lines, except natural gas

46

15.75

15.29

15.39

15.34

659.93

678.88

637.15

633.54

28

281
2819
282

2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2844
2842,3
285
286
2865

316
317

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

See footnotes at end of table.




95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ...
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

48
481
483

40.3
41.5
36.8

40.0
41.1
36.9

40.2
41.6
36.9

39.9
41.2
36.8

49
491
492
493

41.9
42.0
41.1
42.6
42.6

41.8
41.7
41.1
42.4
42.5

42.1
42.2
41.8
42.5
42.4

41.8
41.6
41.6
42.4
42.1

38.6

38.3

38.4

38.5

495

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment.
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509

39.1
38.5
37.0
39.3
37.6
40.4
39.0
38.7
39.7
38.0

38.9
38.5
36.9
38.9
36.6
40.0
38.5
38.6
39.6
37.8

38.7
37.8
37.1
39.4
36.2
40.7
38.8
38.4
39.2
37.6

38.9
38.1
37.0
39.4
36.9
41.0
38.8
38.5
39.4
37.8

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries ...
Apparel, piece goods, and notions ..
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products .
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages .
Miscellaneous nondurable goods ....

51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

38.0
38.2
37.9
36.3
38.6
39.1
39.4
36.3
37.4

37.5
37.7
37.2
35.8
37.8
39.3
40.0
35.7
37.1

37.9
37.4
37.0
36.9
38.4
40.2
39.0
36.4
37.1

37.9
37.6
37.8
36.3
38.4
40.2
39.2
36.7
37.2

29.8

28.7

29.1

29.5

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies ..
Lumber and other building materials ...
Hardware stores

52
521
525

36.2
37.8
33.3

35.8
37.6
32.4

36.3
38.4
32.6

36.6
38.5
33.2

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores .

53
531
533
539

30.2
30.0
31.4
31.0

26.8
26.6
27.8
28.5

28.1
27.9
29.4
29.2

29.8
29.5
31.3
30.8

Food stores
Grocery stores .
Retail bakeries .

54
541
546

30.0
30.2
29.2

29.6
29.8
28.3

29.8
30.1
27.6

29.7
29.9
27.6

Automotive dealers and service stations .
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

36.8
37.8
39.8
34.3

36.7
37.6
39.4
34.4

36.5
37.4
39.4
33.9

36.3
37.3
38.8
33.7

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings .
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

28.3
30.8
27.0
28.9
28.7

26.4
29.4
25.2
26.1
26.9

26.5
28.6
25.2
27.0
27.4

27.9
31.2
26.2
28.5
28.7

Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

57
571
572
573

33.7
33.7
35.2
33.3

32.9
32.9
33.7
32.7

33.3
33.1
34.2
33.4

33.5
33.3
34.6
33.6

Eating and drinking places4 ...

58

25.5

25.1

25.6

25.5

See footnotes at end of table.




Average overtime hours
Jan.
1987 P

38.1

28.3

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

1972
SIC
Code

48
481
483
49
491
492
493
495

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

51
511

509

512
513

514
516
517
518

519

Retail trade

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

$12.03 $12.03 $12.28 $12.27
12.75
12.69 13.05 13.06
10.74
10.96 11.03 10.94

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987 P

$484.81 $481.20 $493.66 $489.57
529.13 521.56 542.88 538.07
395.23 404.42 407.01 402.59

13.20
13.27
12.40
15.27
9.63

13.16
13.20
12.32
15.33
9.57

13.62
13.74
12.89
15.66
9.95

13.54
13.72
12.83
15.53
9.78

553.08
557.34
509.64
650.50
410.24

550.09
550.44
506.35
649.99
406.73

573.40
579.83
538.80
665.55
421.88

565.97
570.75
533.73
658.47
411.74

9.33

9.28

9.46

9.44

$9.44 360.14

355.42

363.26

363.44 $359.66

9.41
8.42
8.45
8.80
9.46
10.19
9.80
8.85
9.99
7.57

9.39
8.43
8.43
8.74
9.57
10.22
9.74
8.84
9.97
7.57

9.61
8.56
8.63
9.11
9.80
10.25
10.08
9.09
10.21
7.54

9.56
8.57
8.73
9.04
9.62
10.20
9.88
9.10
10.18
7.56

367.93
324.17
312.65
345.84
355.70
411.68
382.20
342.50
396.60
287.66

365.27
324.56
311.07
339.99
350.26
408.80
374.99
341.22
394.81
286.15

371.91
323.57
320.17
358.93
354.76
417.18
391.10
349.06
400.23
283.50

371.88
326.52
323.01
356.18
354.98
418.20
383.34
350.35
401.09
285.77

9.22
10.00
10.40
8.74
9.30
11.54
9.94
11.14
7.51

9.12
9.95
10.25
8.94
9.16
11.47
9.80
10.63
7.46

9.24
9.98
10.73
8.93
9.31
11.70
9.66
10.93
7.66

9.25
9.78
10.62
8.97
9.30
11.75
9.70
11.10
7.66

350.36
382.00
394.16
317.26
358.98
451.21
391.64
404.38
280.87

342.00
375.12
381.30
320.05
346.25
450.77
392.00
379.49
276.77

350.20
373.25
397.01
329.52
357.50
470.34
376.74
397.85
284.19

350.58
367.73
401.44
325.61
357.12
472.35
380.24
407.37
284.95

5.99

6.03

6.07

6.05

6.09 178.50

173.06

176.64

178.48

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

6.73
7.05
5.75

6.80
7.14
5.77

6.91
7.21
5.80

6.92
7.24
5.80

243.63
266.49
191.48

243.44
268.46
186.95

250.83
276.86
189.08

253.27
278.74
192.56

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

6.19
6.46
4.71
4.79

6.13
6.38
4.65
4.88

6.39
6.69
4.66
4.84

6.43
6.72
4.86
4.83

186.94
193.80
147.89
148.49

164.28
169.71
129.27
139.08

179.56
186.65
137.00
141.33

191.61
198.24
152.12
148.76

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

7.16
7.40
5.48

7.26
7.47
5.43

7.07
7.27
5.50

6.89
7.08
5.61

214.80
223.48
160.02

214.90
222.61
153.67

210.69
218.83
151.80

204.63
211.69
154.84

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

7.42
9.01
6.40
5.37

7.45
9.03
6.56
5.38

7.60
9.23
6.59
5.50

7.62
9.27
6.56
5.50

273.06
340.58
254.72
184.19

273.42
339.53
258.46
185.07

277.40
345.20
259.65
186.45

276.61
345.77
254.53
185.35

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

5.34
6.43
5.00
5.22
5.51

5.36
6.37
5.06
5.40
5.23

5.40
6.23
5.11
5.40
5.36

5.39
6.19
5.10
5.32
5.43

151.12
198.04
135.00
150.86
158.14

141.50
187.28
127.51
140.94
140.69

143.10
178.18
128.77
145.80
146.86

150.38
193.13
133.62
151.62
155.84

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

57
571
572
573

7.30
7.28
7.65
7.20

7.13
7.28
7.61
6.73

7.40
7.43
7.29
7.39

7.48
7.46
7.31
7.57

246.01
245.34
269.28
239.76

234.58
239.51
256.46
220.07

246.42
245.93
249.32
246.83

250.58
248.42
252.93
254.35

Eating and drinking places4

58

4.38

4.36

4.38

4.39

111.69

109.44

112.13

111.95

172.35

See footnotes at end of table.




97

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1972
SIC
Code

59
591

594
596
598
599

Finance, insurance, and real estate5

Average weekly hours
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

31.8
29.0
30.8
35.3
39.7
33.2

30.0
28.4
28.3
32.6
39.7
31.3

30.1
28.1
28.2
33.1
40.0
31.7

31.2
28.6
30.0
34.7
39.9
32.9

36.7

36.4

36.7

36.6

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks

60
602

36.5
36.5

36.3
36.3

36.5
36.6

36.3
36.3

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

61

612
614

37.9
36.8
38.5

37.1
36.6
37.3

38.0
36.6
37.9

37.3
36.3
37.7

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance ....
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

37.8
37.2
38.7
37.6

37.8
37.4
38.2
37.9

37.5
37.1
38.1
37.3

37.5
37.1
38.2
37.2

32.5

32.4

32.4

32.4

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4

701

30.0

29.4

31.1

30.2

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4

721
723

34.0
29.9

33.6
29.5

34.3
30.3

34.2
30.4

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

73
731
734
737

33.7
36.4
28.5
38.5

33.5
35.8
28.6
38.3

33.4
36.4
28.4
38.1

33.4
36.0
28.2
38.0

Auto repair, services, and garages

75
753

37.3
38.2

37.3
38.3

37.4
38.5

37.4
38.7

76

38.7

38.3

37.8

37.9

78
781

29.1
37.2

28.9
37.5

28.4
35.6

28.1
35.0

79

28.7

28.2

28.4

28.7

80
801
802
805
806

32.5
30.5
28.4
31.6
34.3

32.6
30.9
28.6
31.5
34.5

32.4
31.0
27.6
31.6
34.2

32.4
31.0
28.1
31.6
34.2

81

34.9

34.8

34.6

34.8

89
891

38.4
39.6
36.9

38.8
39.6
38.4

38.3
39.6
36.8

38.4
39.6
37.2

Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Legal services
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ..
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .
See footnotes at end of table.

98




893

Average overtime hours
Jan.
1987P

36.5

32.1

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1972
SIC
Code

59
591
594
596
598
599

Finance, insurance, and real estate5

Average hourly earnings
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Average weekly earnings
Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

$189.21 $182.10 $185.72
159.79 157.90 160.17
169.09 160.46 160.74
231.57 218.09 232.36
353.73 354.52 356.40
205.18 195.31 201.61

Dec.
1986 P

$5.95
5.51
5.49
6.56
8.91
6.18

$6.07
5.56
5.67
6.69
8.93
6.24

$6.17
5.70
5.70
7.02
8.91
6.36

$6.13
5.69
5.64
7.05
9.04
6.28

8.15

8.14

8.54

8.49

$8.61 299.11

296.30

313.42

310.73

$191.26
162.73
169.20
244.64
360.70
206.61

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks ....

60
602

7.03
6.88

6.99
6.83

7.37
7.15

7.32
7.08

256.60
251.12

253.74
247.93

269.01
261.69

265.72
257.00

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

61
612
614

7.49
6.96
7.21

7.45
6.93
7.24

7.85
7.43
7.34

7.76
7.38
7.28

283.87
256.13
277.59

276.40
253.64
270.05

298.30
271.94
278.19

289.45
267.89
274.46

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance ....
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

8.82
8.29
9.10
9.13

8.80
8.29
8.93
9.13

9.30
8.86
9.30
9.59

9.26
8.82
9.32
9.57

333.40
308.39
352.17
343.29

332.64
310.05
341.13
346.03

348.75
328.71
354.33
357.71

347.25
327.22
356.02
356.00

8.12

8.12

8.31

8.30

8.35 263.90

263.09

269.24

268.92

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4

701

6.04

6.02

6.09

6.18

181.20

176.99

189.40

186.64

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4

721
723

5.93
6.24

5.92
6.15

6.03
6.15

6.07
6.23

201.62
186.58

198.91
181.43

206.83
186.35

207.59
189.39

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

73
731
734
737

8.32
11.09
6.33
11.22

8.37
10.96
6.39
11.43

8.52
11.48
6.52
11.83

8.47
11.28
6.44
11.71

280.38
403.68
180.41
431.97

280.40
392.37
182.75
437.77

284.57
417.87
185.17
450.72

282.90
406.08
181.61
444.98

Auto repair, services, and garages

75
753

7.55
8.16

7.53
8.17

7.68
8.26

7.70
8.29

281.62
311.71

280.87
312.91

287.23
318.01

287.98
320.82

76

8.78

8.80

8.92

8.95

339.79

337.04

337.18

339.21

78
781

13.54
18.62

13.54
18.47

13.22"
17.41

12.95
17.31

394.01
692.66

391.31
692.63

375.45
619.80

363.90
605.85

79

7.32

7.36

7.09

7.20

210.08

207.55

201.36

206.64

80
801
802
805
806

8.20
8.08
8.17
5.70
9.17

8.22
8.08
8.16
5.75
9.21

8.44
8.32
8.35
5.81
9.52

8.44
8.26
8.41
5.82
9.54

266.50
246.44
232.03
180.12
314.53

267.97
249.67
233.38
181.13
317.75

273.46
257.92
230.46
183.60
325.58

273.46
256.06
236.32
183.91
326.27

81

10.93

10.80

11.65

11.47

381.46

375.84

403.09

399.16

89
891
893

11.77
12.69
9.93

11.49
12.60
9.51

11.99
12.82
10.23

11.87
12.77
10.08

451.97
502.52
366.42

445.81
498.96
365.18

459.22
507.67
376.46

455.81
505.69
374.98

Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Legal services
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .,

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in the aircraft industry (SIC
3721).
3
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
4
Money payments only; tips, not included.




Jan.
1987 P

$314.27

268.04

5
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from all series in this
division.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.

99

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft Manufacturing
For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' average
hourly earnings series for production workers in aircraft
manufacturing (sic 3721) has been used to escalate labor costs
in contracts between aircraft companies and their customers.
Although the Bureau's series by definition takes account of
traditional wage rate changes, it does not capture ''lump-sum
payments to workers in lieu of general wage increases" which
were negotiated in aircraft manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
As a service to aircraft companies and other interested parties,
BLS has calculated an average hourly earnings series for sic 3721
which includes lump-sum payments. This series is presented in
table C-2a along with the average hourly earnings series produced as part of the Current Employment Statistics program. The
series begins in October 1983, the effective date of the first aircraft bargaining agreement using lump-sum payments.
The general practice in the industry has been to make this
payment at the beginning of the contract year "in lieu of a
wage increase" and to base the amount of the payment on the
workers' earnings during the preceding year. As a result, the
Bureau considered three approaches to the method for
calculating an average hourly earnings series which includes
lump-sum payments:
1. The entire payment could be included in the month in
which the payment was made.
Z. The payments could be prorated backward to payroll
periods used to determine the amount of the lump-sum
payment.
3. The payments could be prorated forward as an advance

payment for payroll periods in the year following the
payment.
The first approach, attractive because it includes the payment in the month in which it is received by the worker, creates
1-month "spikes" and a series which would not be useful for
escalation purposes. The second approach, which prorates the
payments backward, places emphasis on the determination of
the amount of the payment from workers' earnings in the
previous year. This approach generally relates the payments to
the workers who receive them. However, the Bureau has
received statements from both union and company officials
who negotiated the agreements covering a majority of the
workers in the industry. These statements make clear that the
intent of the bargainers was to make an advance payment for
the upcoming contract year in lieu of an increase in wage rates
for that following year.
Because BLS has a longstanding policy of leaving the interpretation of collective bargaining agreements to the parties involved,
the Bureau calculated the inclusion of lump-sum payments using
the third method, prorating the payments forward through the
years covered by the contract. Because the payments prorated forward under this approach may include payments to workers no
longer on the payroll, data provided by the aircraft companies
have been used to adjust for this difference.
Lump-sum payments are but one of several recent changes
in the way that employees are compensated. The changes are
widespread and they differ by industry. Because of these
developments, the Bureau plans to conduct a broad-based
review of all concepts and definitions used in its earnings and
wage programs to determine the proper treatment of lumpsum payments and other new compensation practices.

C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing (SIC 3721)

Year

Annual
average

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May,

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

$13.04
13.35
13.52

$13.05
13.37
13.66

$12.93
13.13
13.48
p
13.59

$13.26
13.54
r
14.12

$13.28
13.57
14.23

Average hourly earnings, excluding lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986

$12.91
13.18

p

13.47

$12.82
13.01
13.38

$12.88
13.12
13.44

$12.85
13.11
13.46

$12.81
13.04
13.46

$12.78
13.06
13.38

$12.87
13.11
13.42

$12.89
13.05
13.41

$12.87
13.16
13.43

$12.97
13.26
13.48

Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986
p

= preliminary.

100




$13.11
13.40

p

13.77

$12.95
13.26
13.58

$13.02
13.36
13.64

$13.02
13.33
13.66

$12.98
13.26
13.66

$12.97
13.27
13.58

$13.06
13.33
13.63

' = revised.

$13.11
13.29
13.61

$13.09
13.39
13.63

$13.19
13.48
13.68

$13.03
13.37
13.68

p

14.13

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

$9.31

$9.31

$9.36

$9.41

$9.43

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products .
Miscellaneous manufacturing

9.86
8.02
7.11
9.45
11.27
9.46

9.86
8.01
7.14
9.45
11.27
9.45
10.09
9.29
12.23
9.04
7.27

9.90
8.03
7.28
9.60

9.94
7.98
7.30
9.64

9.95

11.29
9.51

11.33
9.58

10.16
9.40
12.29
9.28
7.38

10.18
9.46
12.34
9.27
7.46

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

8.50
8.30
11.58
6.51
5.67
10.46
9.52
11.37

8.62
8.38
12.40
6.72
5.69
10.57
9.70
11.62

8.67
8.49
12.70
6.75
5.69

13.53
8.41
5.82

13.68
8.47
5.85

Industry

Manufacturing

Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
1
= preliminary.




10.07
9.31

12.26
9.04
7.22

13.54
8.34
5.71

8.52
8.33
11.72
6.54
5.70
10.45
9.52

11.39
13.62
8.32
5.75

Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

$8.70

10.62
9.72

11.65

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are
subject to revision.

101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workerson private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars.
Average hourly earnings
Industry

Average weekly earnings

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

$8.71
4.89

$8.72
4.88

$8.85
4.94

$8.83
4.92

$8.88

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

12.27
6.89

12.24
6.85

12.57
7.01

12.61
7.03

$12.65

537.43
301.59

543.46
304.12

522.91
291.64

534.66
298.03

$535.10

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

12.47
7.00

12.34
6.91

12.59
7.02

12.71
7.08

$12.57

460.14
258.22

459.05
256.88

459.54
256.30

469.00
261.43

$470.12

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

9.74
5.47

9.70
5.43

9.77
5.45

9.84
5.48

$9.83

406.16
227.92

394.79
220.92

400.57
223.41

409.34
228.17

$401.06

11.61
6.52

11.59
6.49

11.75
6.55

11.72
6.53

$11.71

460.92
258.65

452.01
252.94

461.78
257.55

459.42
256.09

$446.15

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

9.33
5.24

9.28
5.20

9.46
5.27

9.44
5.26

$9.44

360.14
202.10

355.42
198.89

363.26
202.60

363.44
202.59

$359.66

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

5.99
3.36

6.03
3.37

6.07
3.38

6.05
3.37

$6.09

178.50
100.17

173.06
96.84

176.64
98.52

178.48
99.49

$172.35

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

8.15
4.57

8.14
4.55

8.54
4.76

8.49
4.73

$8.61

299.11
167.85

296.30
165.81

313.42
174.80

310.73
173.21

$314.27

Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

8.12
4.56

8.12
4.55

8.31
4.64

8.30
4.63

$8.35

263.90
148.09

263.09
147.22

269.24
150.16

268.92
149.90

$268.04

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
1
= preliminary.

102



Dec.
1986P

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Jan.
1986

Nov.
1986

Jan.
1987P

Dec.
1985

Dec.
1986P

$306.59 $302.58 $307.10 $308.17 $305.47
172.05 169.32 171.28 171.78

NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1987

1986

Industry
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

1

Dec.

Jan. p

35.0

34.9

34.9

34.8

34.8

34.7

34.7

34.8

34.7

34.7

34.8

34.6

34.7

40.8
3.5
41.5
3.6
40.4
40.0
42.7
41.9
41.7
41.5
41.6
41.0
42.8
43.6
41.1

40.7
3.4
41.4
3.5
40.0
39.7
41.9
42.1
41.8
41.5
41.6
40.9
42.7
43.4
41.2

40.7
3.4
41.4
3.6
40.2
39.4
41.9
41.9
41.7
41.4
41.6
41.0
42.7
43.3
41.3

40.7
3.4
41.3
3.6
40.3
39.1
42.4
41.3
40.5
41.2
41.8
41.1
42.1
41.9
41.3

40.7
3.4
41.2
3.4
40.3
39.4
42.3
41.7
41.5
41.1
41.8
41.0
41.9
41.8
40.9

40.6
3.3
41.2
3.5
39.9
39.4
42.2
41.6
41.1
41.1
41.7
41.0
42.2
42.4
41.0

40.6
3.4
41.1
3.5
40.1
39.4
42.2
41.3
41.2
41.1
41.4
41.1
42.1
42.4
40.8

40.8
3.5
41.4
3.5
40.2
39.9
42.5
41.9
41.5
41.2
41.7
41.2
42.6
42.8
41.0

40.8
3.5
41.4
3.6
40.1
40.0
42.5
42.0
41.6
41.5
41.7
41.2
42.6
42.7
40.7

40.7
3.5
41.3
3.6
40.3
39.8
42.3
42.3
42.3
41.2
41.6
40.9
42.1
42.1
41.1

40.8
3.5
41.4
3.6
40.7
39.6
41.9
42.4
42.5
41.4
41.7
41.0
42.3
42.6
41.2

40.8
3.5
41.3
3.5
40.3
39.6
42.1
42.5
42.7
41.1
41.6
40.9
42.0
42.3
41.3

40.9
3.6
41.5
3.6
40.5
40.3
42.4
42.7
42.4
41.4
42.0
40.8
42.4
42.9
41.4

39.9
3.3
40.1
2
()
40.8
36.7
43.6
38.0
41.9
43.5

39.7
3.2
39.8
2
()
40.6
36.3
43.5
38.0
41.8
43.7

39.8
3.2
39.9
2
()
40.7
36.5
43.5
38.0
41.9
43.8

39.9
3.3
40.2
2
()
41.3
36.9
43.0
38.0
41.9
43.6

39.9
3.4
40.2
2
()
41.1
36.5
43.2
38.0
42.0
43.4

39.8
3.2
40.0
2
()
40.8
36.5
43.1
37.8
41.9
44.0

39.8
3.4
40.0
2
()
40.9
36.6
43.2
37.9
41.9
43.5

40.0
3.4
40.3

39.9
3.4
39.8
2
()
41.5
36.7
43.0
38.0
42.2
43.7

40.1
3.5
40.0
2
()
41.5
36.9
43.2
38.1
42.5
43.8

40.1
3.5
39.9
2
()
42.0
37.0
43.2
38.0
42.4
43.8

40.2
3.5
40.0

(2)
41.4
36.5
43.5
38.0
42.1
44.3

39.9
3.3
39.7
2
()
41.6
36.7
43.0
38.0
42.0
43.4

Transportation and public utilities

39.4

39.5

39.6

39.2

39.2

39.1

39.2

39.1

38.9

39.1

39.3

39.0

38.5

Wholesale trade

38.5

38.4

38.5

38.5

38.4

38.3

38.3

38.4

38.2

38.4

38.3

38.3

38.3

Retail trade

29.3

29.3

29.3

29.2

29.2

29.1

29.2

29.2

29.2

29.1

29.3

28.9

28.9

Total private
Mining

Construction .
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

(2)
41.8
37.0
43.6
38.1
42.6
43.8

Finance, insurance, and real estate

()

()

()

()

()

(%

()

()

()

()

()

()

(2)

Services

32.6

32.6

32.5

32.5

32.5

32.4

32.4

32.4

32.3

32.4

32.5

32.4

32.3

1

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular




2

2

2

2

components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are
subject to revision.

103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1977 = 100)
1986

1987

Industry
1

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Total private

117.8

117.5

117.4

117.8

117.7

117.3

117.9

118.4

118.3

118.6

119.3

119.0

119.8

Goods-producing

100.6

98.8

98.5

99.4

98.8

98.0

98.1

98.9

98.7

98.5

98.8

98.9

100.6

Mining

104.5

99.3

95.0

90.2

85.3

83.4

83.7

83.0

81.2

82.1

81.1

81.2

79.7

Construction

134.1

126.3

126.6

133.7

132.6

130.3

132.2

134.0

134.2

133.0

131.8

132.1

141.0

93.9

93.5

93.3

93.2

92.9

92.4

92.2

92.9

92.7

92.6

93.3

93.3

93.8

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

92.6
99.1
105.7
89.1
66.7
53.4
91.0
90.2
103.8
98.2
92.1
105.3
82.4

92.1
98.1
104.9
87.4
66.8
55.1
90.6
89.6
103.2
97.9
89.4
105.8
82.4

91.7
98.6
104.4
87.4
65.6
53.6
90.2
89.3
102.9
97.1
88.4
106.1
81.8

91.5
99.3
103.6
89.2
64.7
51.8
90.1
89.4
103.0
95.6
85.3
106.1
81.6

91.0
99.3
104.9
88.8
64.8
52.6
89.4
88.9
102.8
94.2
83.4
104.5
81.2

90.3
98.5
104.9
88.2
62.7
51.6
88.9
88.3
100.6
94.9
84.5

89.9
98.7
105.2
87.9
61.8
51.7
88.1
87.0
102.7
93.9
82.5

90.1
101.4
107.3
87.3
62.2
49.7
88.6
85.3
102.3
94.9
82.1
104.2
79.9

90.4
102.8
106.8
87.8
62.9
49.5

90.9
103.8
109.2

88.8
84.8
102.6

103.5
80.1

90.5
100.5
107.6
88.3
61.8
48.4
89.4
85.8
102.9
95.9
84.4
103.5
79.9

90.6
103.3

104.5
81.7

90.7
99.9
107.1
88.1
61.9
49.0
88.5
87.5
103.2
95.9
84.8
104.5
80.1

89.3
85.8
102.4
95.1
83.2
104.7
84.7

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

95.9
98.2
85.2
77.6
87.3
102.3
126.4
93.4
80.6
112.4

95.5
98.2
82.8
77.3

95.8
99.1

95.7
99.5

81.6
78.4
86.6
101.0

82.1
78.4
85.2
101.7

96.1
100.1
72.2
79.6
85.0

96.0
98.9
76.6
79.6
85.6

96.3
99.0
77.5
79.9
85.9

101.6

101.2

102.0

86.4
102.7

93.4
80.4
112.7

127.8
93.2
80.1
111.8

127.8
92.9
79.7
111.8

95.6
99.9
79.5
77.9
84.8
101.7
127.6
93.2
80.8
111.7

95.7
99.8

102.0
127.0
93.3
81.0
112.1

95.7
98.4
85.4
77.8
85.4
102.0

128.7
93.2
79.1
110.5

128.6
94.0
81.3
112.6

128.9
93.4
78.9
113.4

129.7
93.7
79.4
113.5

62.6

61.3

60.9

58.5

57.5

56.8

56.4

56.9

56.6

127.3

127.8

127.8

127.9

128.2

128.0

128.9

129.2

107.9

108.0

108.2

106.8

106.8

104.3

106.7

119.9

119.8

120.1

120.6

120.2

119.0

117.8

118.3

118.4

118.1

118.5

133.3

135.4

135.6

135.4

143.2

143.7

143.5

144.2

Manufacturing

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

85.5

127.4

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.

104




106.3
86.7
62.6
49.3
89.0

85.1
102.9
96.3
84.6
103.9
81.3
97.2
100.6
78.9
80.7

Dec.

Jan. p

Jan.

95.0
83.0
104.7
82.5

88.1
62.2
53.2

97.6
100.5
78.8
81.9
87.6

98.1
101.8
77.3
81.7

103.5

104.6

130.2
94.6
79.6
114.8

130.3
93.7
79.6
114.9

131.1

56.8

57.5

59.1

59.2

129.2

129.7

130.7

130.1

130.4

105.7

106.6

107.3

108.6

108.2

106.8

119.8

120.2

119.3

119.8

119.5

119.4

119.6

118.4

119.1

119.3

119.6

119.7

120.8

119.1

120.2

135.8

137.6

137.8

139.1

138.7

139.7

141.1

140.6

141.1

144.8

145.2

145.9

146.4

146.0

146.8

147.9

148.1

148.2

81.5
78.5
85.3
101.5

87.0

95.1
80.4
114.9

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-7. The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers
on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted

1

1986

1987

Industry
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

1

Oct.

Nov. Dec.

Jan. c

Hourly Earnings lndex2(1977 = 100)
Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities ..
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
4

Total private (in constant dollars)

167.3

168.2

168.5

168.4

168.7

169.2

168.9

169.3

169.6

170.0

170.8

170.6

170.8

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

(3)
152.3
173.4
171.6

()
151.3
172.9
170.1
(3)
158.5
(3)
174.3

()
151.2
172.8
170.8
(3)
159.1
(3)
174.4

()
152.6
173.1
170.9

()
154.0
173.2
171.2

159.1

159.3

173.4

()
150.8
172.7
170.3
(3)
157.7
(3)
173.4

175.3

176.6

()
153.9
173.6
171.1
(3)
159.3
(3)
175.7

95.4

95.4

95.2

95.1

95.1

95.0

95.1

95.3

95.0

$8.72

$8.73

$8.76

$8.80

$8.84

$8.82

()
151.0
172.5
170.1

174.0

94.4

95.1

$8.71

$8.73

()
149.2
171.8
170.2

171.7
93.5

$8.68

157.0

()
151.4
172.5
170.7
(3)
157.8
(3)
174.3

()
150.6
172.0
169.3
(3)
157.3
(3)
173.1

()
149.7
171.3
169.6
(3)
157.3
(3)
173.1

()
149.7
170.7
168.6

157.4

157.2

158.9
176.7

Average hourly earnings
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities ..
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

$8.74

$8.73

$8.77

$8.83

$12.25 $12.29 $12.23 $12.34 $12.38 $12.43 $12.40 $12.43 $12.43 $12.53 $12.65 $12.63 $12.47
9.68
9.70
9.68
9.65
9.72
9.71
9.73
9.76
9.74
9.77
9.78
9.78
9.77
11.62
11.65
11.58
11.56
11.62
11.63
11.62
11.62
11.64
11.67
11.66
11.67
11.68
9.34
9.36
9.27
9.22
9.29
9.35
9.31
9.37
9.35
9.39
9.40
9.37
9.47
5.99
6.01
5.99
5.99
5.99
6.00
6.00
6.03
6.05
6.05
6.07
6.05
6.07
8.21
8.27
8.28
8.10
8.31
8.40
8.33
8.41
8.37
8.41
8.47
8.57
8.56
8.11
8.16
8.11
8.05
8.12
8.17
8.12
8.16
8.17
8.21
8.23
8.28
8.28
Average weekly earnings

Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1977) dollars4 .

303.80 303.98 304.68 303.46 303.80 303.28 302.93 305.20 303.97 305.36 307.63 305.17 306.40
169.72 170.58 171.94 171.93 171.83 170.67 170.57 171.46 170.29 170.78 171.67 169.92

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Excludes the effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to
underlying wage rate movements: Fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing
and interindustry employment shifts.
3
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular




components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
4
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series.
5
Not available.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to
revision.

105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Alabama
Birmingham ...
Mobile

42.0
42.5
42.8

41.3
40.8

41.9
41.6

$8.71
8.92
10.19

$8.70
8.69

$8.69
8.77

$365.82
379.10
436.13

$359.31
354.55

$364.11
364.83

Alaska .

36.9

36.2

38.1

13.31

$13.35

$13.63

491.14

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

41.2

41.3

41.4

9.65

10.08

10.10

397.58

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock .
Pine Bluff

40.4
39.5
39.6
42.3
41.9

40.3
41.0
41.4
40.9

41.0
41.5
42.5
41.7

7.71
7.01
8.18
8.38
9.83

7.90
7.03
8.22
8.53

7.95
7.03
8.20
8.44

311.48
276.90
323.93
354.47
411.88

318.37
288.23
340.31
348.88

325.95
291.75
348.50
351.95

California

41.2

40.7

40.9

10.38

$10.50

$10.57

427.66

$427.35

$432.31

Colorado .
Denver..

40.7
41.0

40.1

40.2

9.57
10.30

9.59

389.50
422.30

383.76

385.52

O

Connecticut

42.6
42.5
43.0
42.9
42.3
42.8
44.3

42.2
41.7
42.2

$428.75
437.43
444.37

$433.75
446.23
452.62

$409.19
(1)
$372.38

$377.14

0

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Average weekly earnings

Dec.
1986?

0

9.57

0
$10.23
10.65
10.60

O
$483.27
416.30

$519.30
418.14

42.4
41.9
42.7

9.76
10.09
10.24
9.79

$10.16
10.49
10.53

41.5

41.8

43.3

43.2

9.18
10.03
8.45

$9.86
(1)
$8.60

$9.94
(1)
$8.73

415.78
428.82
440.32
419.99
388.31
429.28
374.34

41.3
42.0

41.6
42.0

42.6
42.7

10.18
11.90

10.25
12.20

10.53
12.55

420.43
499.80

426.40
512.40

448.58
535.89

District of Columbia:
Washington MSA

39.0

39.7

39.0

10.73

10.47

10.44

418.47

415.66

407.16

Florida
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ..
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach .

42.5
42.6
43.3
43.0
39.9
42.8
43.5
41.3
42.3

41.4

42.2

8.06
7.72
8.12
7.75
6.95
8.36
9.84
7.71
8.22

8.06
(1)
$8.43

342.55
328.87
351.60
333.25
277.31
357.81
428.04
318.42
347.71

42.1
41.8
46.4

41.2
(1)

8.28
9.71
10.45

$8.26

333.68
(1)
$349.00
(1)
$276.50
356.58
(1)
$307.98
(1)
$340.31
(1)

344.77

Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah .

8.17
(1)
$8.58
(1)
$7.04
8.57
(1)
$7.55
(1)
$8.46

Honolulu .

39.5
39.6

39.7
40.0

8.81
8.96

$9.06
9.41

$9.05
9.30

Idaho.

38.8

38.6

38.6

9.45

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline..
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

41.9
38.8
42.6
40.5
42.6
41.0
41.5
41.3
38.3
41.0
43.2
43.7
42.1

41.0

41.3

10.57
9.98
10.85
9.27
10.25
12.86
13.59
11.47
9.94
10.17
10.85
11.11
11.70

10.69
(1)
$10.51
9.19
10.41

Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden ......
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington .

See footnotes at end of table.

106




0
0

O
41.4

0
39.5
42.0
(1)

40.9

0

41.8

0
40.9
41.7
40.8

0
42.2

O

(1)

39.7
39.5

0

39.6
40.2

40.4

41.8
37.6

0

42.1
39.4
40.4
(1)

41.2
43.8
42.2

41.2
43.7
40.6

41.4

41.8

O1
()

0

0

$7.00
8.49
(1)
$7.53

11.71
13.88

$12.83
11.24
11.99

O

348.59
405.88
484.88

0
$415.49

$358.64
$287.94
357.37
$308.04

$357.01

0

O

348.00
354.82

$359.68
376.40

$359.29
367.35

9.75

366.66

377.89

376.35

10.69

442.88
387.22
462.21
375.44
436.65
527.26
563.99
473.71
380.70
416.97
468.72
485.51
492.57

438.29
(1)

441.50

$416.20
369.44
435.14
440.30
574.63

$433.49
392.08
437.00
459.40
559.54

0
$10.73
9.38
10.38
11.66
13.85

$12.87
11.33
11.99

0
$528.60
492.31
505.98

0

0
$530.24
495.12
486.79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

$10.87

$463.86
585.20
493.02

$450.78

$459.80

$10.05
11.28
11.22
(1)
$8.47

$10.18
11.52
11.05
(1)
$8.51

430.85
477.77
464.36
466.41
309.59

$408.03
446.69
443.19
(1)
$325.25

$421.45
498.82
429.85
$337.00

9.70
11.26
10.40

9.96
10.64
10.80

9.97
10.54
10.84

395.76
460.53
435.76

402.38
420.28
446.04

408.77
423.71
457.45

40.2
(1)
42.1

9.66
10.14
10.83

10.07
(1)
$11.30

10.04
(1)
$11.33

386.40
414.73
451.61

402.80
(1)
$476.86

403.61
(1)
$476.99

42.3
43.4
40.4
42.1

42.8
42.6
41.2
44.6

10.50
11.82
10.60
10.44

10.48
11.80
10.54
11.60

10.57
12.15
10.50
11.96

448.35
510.62
444.14
410.29

443.30
512.12
425.82
488.36

452.40
517.59
432.60
533.42

41.3
39.2
39.2

40.8
39.4

41.5
(1)
40.0

8.78
6.98
9.26

8.93
(1)
$9.54

8.77
(1)
$9.31

362.61
273.62
362.99

364.34
(1)
$375.88

363.96
(1)
$372.40

Maryland
Baltimore MSA

41.4
42.4

40.8

41.7

10.00
10.46

10.08

10.09

414.00
443.50

411.26

420.75

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Springfield
Worcester

42.3
41.5
41.0
36.6
39.6
42.3
39.9
42.9
40.8

41.1
40.6

9.13
9.87
7.29
6.94
9.03
8.53
7.97
9.07
9.32

$9.40
10.30

$386.34
418.18

$395.91
426.83

$9.01
9.53

$9.05
9.58

386.20
409.61
298.89
254.00
357.59
360.82
318.00
389.10
380.26

$382.02
385.01

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

12.72
13.88

570.04
616.99
567.42
622.89
664.48
453.88
422.35
530.74
617.10
459.09
654.04

538.06
616.27
(1)
$598.25
615.57
431.07
(1)
$511.17
605.91
(1)
$595.35

$619.17
632.61
446.01
(1)
$528.94
631.27
(1)
$611.29

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

Indiana
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis

42.4
41.8
43.4

41.7

42.3

$10.94
14.00
11.36

$10.81

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City

40.8
41.8
40.1
38.9
36.9

40.6
39.6
39.5
(1)
38.4

41.4
43.3
38.9
39.6

10.56
11.43
11.58
11.99
8.39

Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

40.8
40.9
41.9

40.4
39.5
41.3

41.0
40.2
42.2

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville

40.0
40.9
41.7

40.0
(1)
42.2

Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport

42.7
43.2
41.9
39.3

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

0

O

0

0
41.5
41.2

0

O
$9.54
10.36

O
O1
()
01
()

(1)

O
0
O

01

42.4
40.4

42.3
40.7

44.5
45.4
42.0
45.5
46.5
42.3
41.9
44.6
42.5
41.1
45.2

42.3
44.4
(1)
43.7
42.6
40.4
(1)
43.1
42.7
42.8

43.7
46.4
(1)
44.9
43.3
41.8
(1)
44.3
44.3^
(1)
44.2

12.81
13.59
13.51
13.69
14.29
10.73
10.08
11.90
14.52
11.17
14.47

$13.69
14.45
10.67
(1)
$11.86
14.19
(1)
$13.91

12.82
14.03
(1)
$13.79
14.61
10.67
(1)
$11.94
14.25
(1)
$13.83

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud

41.3
38.1
41.5
41.8

40.4
36.0
40.1
38.3

41.2
36.6
41.1
39.1

10.27
10.65
11.13
9.80

10.18
11.00
10.97
8.87

10.30
10.88
11.04
8.84

424.15
405.77
461.90
409.64

411.27
396.00
439.90
339.72

424.36
398.21
453.74
345.64

Mississippi
Jackson

41.6
41.9

40.1
39.7

40.7
40.9

7.38
8.35

7.51
8.33

7.58
8.58

307.01
349.87

301.15
330.70

308.51
350.92

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

41.5
41.8
39.0
42.1
42.3

40.8
41.3

42.0
42.2
(1)
42.3
42.6

9.91
11.39
9.35
11.39
9.02

9.82
11.35
1
()
$11.21
8.71

9.81
11.42
1
()
$11.12
8.72

411.27
476.10
364.65
479.52
381.55

400.66
468.76
$452.88
353.63

412.02
481.92
(1)
$470.38
371.47

Montana

41.0

38.8

11.17

10.47

457.97

413.44

406.24

V)

0
40.4
40.6
39.3

()

0
O1
()

0

0

O1
()
0
O
0

0

O
$382.82
389.91
560.23
650.99
(1)

See footnotes at end of table.




107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

$9.38
9.83
10.00

$372.30
391.22
408.50

$374.66
409.94
397.80

$378.95
401.06
403.00

9.48
11.19

9.70
11.57

379.14
442.26

390.58
447.60

405.46
470.90

8.66
8.52
10.26

8.94
(1)
$10.53

8.98

360.26
351.02
427.84

375.48

0

$10.67

$443.31

379.85
(1)
$440.67

10.12
9.14
9.60
10.28
8.93
10.79
9.90
10.82

10.27
(1)

418.97
361.94
392.64
435.87
353.63
461.81
403.92
446.87

423.12

426.01

0
O
O

o
0
(11)
()

01
()
O
(1)
(11)
()
O

40.3
(1)

8.70
8.67

$8.77

$8.60

$346.58

O

365.40
378.88

$346.42

0

0

0

40.6
41.2
41.0
43.4
(1)
(1)

$9.96
10.29
9.05
11.82

$10.22
9.30
9.12
12.79

$408.44
429.72
371.46
520.37
(1)
(1)
(1)
$414.12
357.38
347.38
533.39
(1)

$11.99
9.78
11.22
9.38
10.47

$12.06
9.80
11.41
9.56
10.69

405.96
418.16
355.19
534.87
395.41
403.99
568.96
394.94
348.23
336.90
573.74
291.07
379.57
524.71
380.94
460.51
388.06
427.28

$402.38
420.86
368.34
507.08
(1)

40.8
38.1
37.8
41.9
(1)
(1)
42.8
40.5
42.0
43.5
39.6

9.95
9.98
8.77
12.41
9.37
9.33
12.99
9.68
9.14
8.96
13.01
7.58
8.91
12.09
9.07
11.07
8.88
10.55

42.4
40.8
41.9

41.8
(1)
42.6
40.8
42.4

7.46
7.46
7.54
8.26
8.39

7.64
(1)
$7.89
8.47
8.63

7.70
(1)
$7.88
8.48
8.69

308.10
325.26
312.91
335.36
356.58

39.3
39.9

39.0
(1)

39.0
(1)

8.23
8.53

8.28

0

8.35
(1)

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren..

43.0
44.1
40.2
42.5
42.3
41.8
44.6
43.2
44.3

42.6
43.2
(1)
43.3
43.1
41.3
42.4
42.1
(1)

43.2
43.7
(1)
43.0
43.7
41.5
42.4
43.2

$11.67
11.38
(1)
$10.96
11.61
11.33
11.93
12.47

$11.77
11.48

O

11.64
11.21
11.16
10.82
11.35
11.08
12.33
12.45
13.87

O

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City .
Tulsa

42.0
43.0
40.4

41.5
40.6
40.8

42.2
41.4
41.1

10.12
11.24
10.38

$9.79
10.95
10.53

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield ....
Portland
Salem

39.1
40.1
38.4
36.6

39.3
39.9
39.3
36.7

39.9
40.8
39.7
38.1

10.65
10.86
10.59
9.39

10.53
10.42
10.83
9.01

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

Nebraska.
Lincoln ...
Omaha...

40.6
39.2
42.2

39.9
41.2
39.9

40.4
40.8
40.3

$9.17
9.98
9.68

$9.39
9.95
9.97

Nevada
Las Vegas .

40.9
40.5

41.2
40.0

41.8
40.7

9.27
10.92

New Hampshire.
Manchester
Nashua

41.6
41.2
41.7

42.0
(1)
42.1

42.3
41.3

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .
Newark
Trenton

41.4
39.6
40.9
42.4
39.6
42.8
40.8
41.3

41.2

New Mexico ....
Albuquerque...

42.0
43.7

39.5
(1)

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy..
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Monroe County
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

40.8
41.9
40.5
43.1
42.2
43.3
43.8
40.8
38.1
37.6
44.1
38.4
42.6
43.4
42.0
41.6
43.7
40.5

40.4
40.9
40.7
42.9

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point .
Raleigh-Durham

41.3
43.6
41.5
40.6
42.5

41.3

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead .

See footnotes at end of table.

108




0
(11)
()
0
(1)

o1
()

O
(1)
(1)

40.7
37.9
37.5
42.3
(1)

O

42.4
41.0
41.9
42.6
39.7

0

0
41.2
(1)

0
O
(1)
0
01
()

0

Dec.
1985

O
(11)
()
01
(1)
()

0
(1)
O

0)
(1)

Dec.
1986?

O
10.34

0
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()

o

$10.06
10.43
9.06
11.99
1
()
(1)

0

$10.15
9.38
9.19
12.73

0)
(1)

O
0)

$415.95
352.47
342.00
541.02

01
()

$508.38
400.98
470.12
399.59
415.66
315.53

O

O

$516.17
396.90
479.22
415.86
423.32
321.86

0

$334.54
345.58
361.60

$335.69
345.98
368.46

323.44
340.35

322.92

325.65
(1)

$497.14
491.62

O

500.52
494.36
448.63
459.85
480.11
463.14
549.92
537.84
614.44

$474.57
500.39
467.93
505.83
524.99
(1)

$508.46
501.68
(1)
$469.56
506.92
474.35
507.53
545.62
(1)

$9.74
10.97
10.49

425.04
483.32
419.35

$406.29
444.57
429.62

$411.03
454.16
431.14

10.52
10.58
10.83
9.34

416.42
435.49
406.66
343.67

413.83
415.76
425.62
330.67

419.75
431.66
429.95
355.85

0

$10.92
11.60
11.43
11.97
12.63

O
0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

$399.34
403.00
344.60
457.88
421.26
444.62
370.36
289.68
397.16
423.72
466.07
393.41
322.56
364.20
382.82

$399.02
404.40
(1)
$452.17
414.12

$406.23
410.15
(1)
$447.23
423.74
(1)
$377.87
(1)
$401.96
424.77
468.94
416.58
327.08

$9.27

$9.86
10.41
(1)
$11.07
10.31
(1)
$9.33
(1)
$9.78
10.31
11.06
9.99
8.63
1
()
$9.31

7.74
7.31
7.65

8.01

8.04

317.34
299.71
313.65

325.21

328.03

41.0
42.4

7.81
9.31
7.68
7.56

$7.99
(1)
$7.80
7.87

$8.06
(1)
$7.82
7.99

329.58
429.19
321.79
325.84

$332.38
(1)
$313.56
329.75

$340.13
(1)
$320.62
338.78

42.4
46.9

42.0
44.9

7.68
7.76

7.82
8.03

8.06
8.18

328.70
355.41

331.57
376.61

338.52
367.28

42.7
43.2
46.3
41.2
43.6
40.8

41.5
41.7
(1)
39.7
41.8
41.0

41.7
41.6
(1)
39.2
41.9
41.0

8.59
7.34
9.13
9.34
8.71
9.43

8.67
7.81
$8.91
8.81
9.76

8.68
7.77
()
$8.77
8.82
9.92

366.79
317.09
422.72
384.81
379.76
384.74

359.81
325.68
(1)
$353.73
368.26
400.16

361.96
323.23
(1)
$343.78
369.56
406.72

Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio

42.1
42.9
41.2
43.4
41.5

41.5
42.0
41.7
43.6
41.7

42.2
42.8
42.5
44.0
41.7

9.52
9.39
9.57
11.26
7.30

9.65
9.50
9.76
11.21
7.46

9.70
9.54
9.94
11.21
7.59

400.79
402.83
394.28
488.68
302.95

400.48
399.00
406.99
488.76
311.08

409.34
408.31
422.45
493.24
316.50

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden

41.5
40.4

40.4
41.0

39.5
39.9

9.59
9.53

9.69
9.66

9.81
9.65

397.99
385.01

391.48
396.06

387.50
385.04

Vermont
Burlington
Springfield

41.7
43.4
44.9

40.4
43.5

42.4
45.3

8.71
9.58
8.72

8.88
9.61

8.87
9.69

363.21
415.77
391.53

358.75
418.04

376.09
438.96

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

41.2
40.3
40.1
40.2
40.0
40.5
41.3
42.5

41.0
41.0

41.3
40.5

8.71
7.35
7.11
8.26
8.37
9.00
10.88
7.82

$8.95
7.52

$9.00
7.53
(1)

358.85
296.21
285.11
332.05
334.80
364.50
449.34
332.35

$366.95
308.32

$371.70
304.97

$354.88
398.16
477.34
344.38

$356.59
399.19
479.76
355.32

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Delaware Valley
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Williamsport
York

41.0
38.9
39.7
40.2
41.3
43.0
40.3
35.5
41.5
41.5
41.8
39.9
38.4
42.3
42.3

40.8
39.3
(1)
40.3
40.6
(1)
39.8
(1)
41.1
40.7
41.6
41.5
37.6

41.2
39.4

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

41.0
41.0
41.0

40.6

40.8

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

42.2
46.1
41.9
43.1

41.6
(1)
40.2
41.9

42.2

South Dakota
Sioux Falls

42.8
45.8

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

41.8
42.0
41.4
40.9

0
40.4
41.1
(1)
40.5
(1)
41.1
41.2
42.4
41.7
37.9
(1)
42.2

0

42.3
41.8
41.9
42.3

Dec.
1985
$9.74
10.36
8.68
11.39
10.20
10.34
9.19
8.16
9.57
10.21
11.15
9.86
8.40
8.61
9.05

Nov.
1986
$9.78
10.29

0

$11.22
10.20
(1)
$9.30

0
$9.80
10.26
10.94
9.85
8.57
(1)

0

$8.49
9.48
11.53
8.42

Dec.
1986P

1

0

$8.43
9.55
11.45
8.40

0

$370.14
(1)
$402.78
41,7.58
455.10
408.78
322.23
(1)
$388.41

0
(1)

0

$392.88

Washington
See footnotes at end of table.




109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

40.3
41.6
39.5
42.5
40.6

41.1
42.7
39.9
43.8

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

42.5
45.4
40.2
44.2
44.3
40.4
41.2
41.8
42.5
40.5
41.6
42.2

41.9
42.8
41.1

Wyoming

39.7

37.5

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland ...
Parkersburg-Marietta.
Wheeling

41.0
(1)

40.1
40.5

41.8
41.5

Dec.

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

41.1
43.7
40.2
41.3

$10.35
13.22
11.75
11.89
11.67

$10.42
13.32
11.77
12.48

$10.33
12.71
12.11
12.45

$417.11
549.95
464.13
505.33
473.80

$428.26
568.76
469.62
546.62

$424.56
555.43
486.82
514.19

42.0
42.6
41.0
42.4

10.55
10.27

$10.48
10.55
10.45
11.39
12.24
(1)
$9.35
9.76
11.72
10.77

$10.54
10.64
10.43
11.66
12.06

448.38
466.26
417.68
507.42
561.72
482.38
381.92
411.31
502.35
438.21
390.62
416.51

$439.11
451.54
429.50
479.52
501.84
(1)

$374.94
395.28
489.90
446.96

$442.68
453.26
427.63
494.38
471.55
(1)
$370.75
398.12
494.49
453.78

$9.67

$9.52

377.55

$362.63

$375.09

5.33

5.33

204.10

207.34

208.40

9.36

9.74

404.16

402.48

416.87

39.1
(1)
39.4
40.5
42.3
41.9

0

10.39
11.48
12.68
11.94

9.27
9.84
11.82
10.82
9.39

Puerto Rico

39.1

38.9

39.1

Virgin Islands

42.1

43.0

42.8

5.22
9.60
1

Publication of data has been suspended because of budget cuts.
Not available.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

p

110




0
$9.41
9.83
11.69
10.83

9.87
39.4
9.51

2

Average weekly earnings

Nov.
1986

O

42.1

Average hourly earnings
Dec.
1985

Dec.

publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1985
benchmarks except Michigan. Data for Michigan have been adjusted to December
1984 benchmarks.

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Industry

Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government

Nov. 1986
to
Dec. 1986r

Dec. 1986
to
Jan. 1987P

1.9

-0.1

0.4

155,427

1.8

-.2

1,619
9,671
40,722
24,215
16,507
10,910
11,654
27,350
12,309
40,110

1,624
10,340
40,802
24,239
16,562
10,760
11,700
27,622
12,339
40,240

-22.2
5.5
-.4
-1.7
1.5
-.7
.3
2.1
6.3
4.1

1.1
.3
.2
.1
.5
-.5
-.2
-1.3
.1
.0

.3
6.9
.2
.1
.3
-1.4
.4
1.0
.2
.3

34,102

33,731

2.4

.5

-1.1

Nov.
1986r

Dec.
1986r

Jan.
1987P

188,583

188,447

189,158

154,647

154,346

1,601
9,644
40,634
24,202
16,433
10,962
11,676
27,720
12,296
40,114
33,936

Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
p
= preliminary.
=revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,




Percent change
Jan. 1986
to
Jan. 1987P

nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2134-1,
chapter 13, Productivity Measures: Business Economy and Major Sectors.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

Ill

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
(1977=100)
Annual average
Item

1985

Quarterly index

1984

1986P

1985

1986

IV

IHr

IV

IVP

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

106.4
122.7
115.3
175.3
98.8
164.8
159.7
163.0

107.1
125.8
117.5
180.9
100.0
168.9
161.7
166.4

105.6
119.0
112.7
167.1
97.9
158.3
156.7
157.7

105.5
119.5
113.3
169.0
98.1
160.2
157.0
159.0

105.5
120.2
114.0
170.6
98.2
161.7
157.7
160.3

105.7
121.3
114.8
172.3
98.4
163.1
158.3
161.4

106.4
122.3
115.0
174.5
98.7
164.0
160.0
162.6

107.3
123.5
115.2
176.4
99.1
164.4
161.4
163.4

106.4
123.8
116.4
178.0
99.0
167.3
159.6
164.6

107.3
125.3
116.8
179.1
99.2
167.0
162.2
165.3

107.4
125.4
116.7
180.4
100.3
168.0
161.9
165.8

107.3
126.0
117.4
181.7
100.4
169.3
163.4
167.2

106.7
126.7
118.7
182.8
100.3
171.3
159.5
167.1

104.8
122.5
116.9
174.6
98.4
166.7
160.6
164.6

105.5
125.8
119.3
179.9
99.4
170.5
163.9
168.2

104.6
119.1
113.8
166.9
97.8
159.5
156.4
158.4

104.4
119.5
114.5
168.7
98.0
161.5
157.2
160.0

104.3
120.2
115.2
170.4
98.1
163.3
157.9
161.4

104.4
121.1
116.0
172.1
98.2
164.8
158.9
162.7

104.9
122.1
116.4
174.0
98.4
165.9
160.8
164.1

105.4
123.3
116.9
175.4
98.5
166.3
163.0
165.2

104.5
123.6
118.2
177.0
98.4
169.3
160.3
166.2

105.6
125.1
118.5
178.3
98.8
168.8
163.9
167.1

105.7
125.3
118.5
179.3
99.8
169.6
163.7
167.5

105.7
126.1
119.4
180.4
99.7
170.7
165.9
169.0

105.2
126.9
120.6
181.7
99.8
172.7
162.1
169.0

121.7
120.4
98.9
176.7
99.5
145.1

125.0
123.4
98.7
181.9
100.5
145.5

115.7
115.3
99.7
166.8
97.8
144.2

117.8
117.4
99.7
169.1
98.2
143.5

118.2
117.9
99.7
171.5
98.7
145.1

119.3
118.8
99.6
173.8
99.2
145.7

121.7
119.9
98.5
175.6
99.3
144.3

123.0
121.2
98.5
178.1
100.0
144.8

122.9
121.9
99.1
179.3
99.7
145.8

123.7
122.8
99.3
180.2
99.8
145.7

124.7
122.7
98.4
181.4
100.9
145.5

125.8
123.6
98.2
182.5
100.9
145.1

125.9
124.7
99.1
183.5
100.7
145.8

124.6
124.7
100.1
174.9
98.5
140.3

127.9
126.6

98.9
180.7
99.9
141.3

115.4
115.6
100.2
165.3
96.9
143.3

118.3
119.1
100.7
167.2
97.1
141.4

119.1
120.5
101.2
169.4
97.5
142.3

121.4
122.6
100.9
172.0
98.2
141.6

124.4
124.1
99.8
173.2
97.9
139.2

126.3
125.6
99.5
176.5
99.2
139.8

126.4
126.4
100.0
178.0
98.9
140.8

127.1
126.9
99.9
178.9
99.1
140.8

127.4
125.7
98.7
180.2
100.2
141.4

128.6
126.2
98.2
181.3
100.2
141.0

128.8
127.4
98.9
182.6
100.2
141.8

117.3
114.1
97.3
179.4
101.0
152.9

120.7
118.8
98.5
183.9
101.6
152.4

116.1
114.9
99.0
169.2
99.2
145.7

117.0
114.8
98.1
171.9
99.8
146.9

116.8
114.0
97.6
174.6
100.5
149.4

116.0
113.2
97.6
176.5
100.8
152.1

117.5
113.6
96.7
179.4
101.5
152.7

118.0
114.5
97.0
180.4
101.3
152.8

117.6
115.1
97.9
181.3
100.8
154.1

118.6
116.7
98.3
182.2
100.9
153.6

120.7
118.2
97.9
183.5
102.1
152.1

121.7
119.6
98.2
184.8
102.1
151.8

121.6
120.8
99.3
185.0
101.6
152.2

106.8
124.8
116.9
172.3
97.0
165.8
161.2
179.1
133.1
161.8

0
O

105.9
120.5
113.7
164.8
96.6
160.1
155.7
173.1
138.5
157.5

105.5
120.9
114.6
166.6
96.7
162.6
157.9
176.4
130.3
158.7

105.8
122.1
115.5
168.3
96.8
163.8
159.1
177.5
130.5
159.8

106.0
123.1
116.1
169.9
97.0
164.9
160.3
178.5
129.3
160.6

106.5
124.2
116.6
171.6
97.0
165.8
161.1
179.8
130.2
161.6

107.8
126.0
116.8
173.1
97.2
165.0
160.5
178.3
141.7
162.2

107.0
126.1
117.8
174.5
97.0
167.2
163.0
179.8
131.2
162.9

106.9
126.9
118.7
175.4
97.1
168.3
164.0
181.1
131.7
164.0

106.8
126.6
118.5
176.1
97.9
168.6
164.8
179.9
132.3
164.3

106.9
127.0
118.8
176.8
97.7
169.8
165.4
182.6
135.8
165.7

O
0
O
0
O

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator
' Not available.
= preliminary.

p

112




()

O

o
o1

=revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

o

0
0

o
o

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted annual rates
Percent change from
Previous quarter

Item

Same quarter, previous year

1985

IV
1985

I
1986

1986

1986'

IV
1986P

1985

IV
1985

I
1986

II
1986

1986r

IV
1986 P

3.4
4.1
.7
4.4
1.8
1.0
3.7
1.9

-3.2
1.0
4.3
3.8
-.5
7.2
-4.3
3.0

3.3
4.7
1.4
2.5
1.0
-.7
6.6
1.8

0.5
.3
-.2
2.8
4.5
2.3
-.7
1.2

-0.4
2.0
2.4
2.9
.3
3.3
3.7
3.4

-2.3
2.1
4.5
2.4
-.4
4.9
-9.1
-.2

1.7
3.4
1.7
4.4
1.0
2.6
2.8
2.7

0.9
3.0
2.1
4.4
.8
3.4
1.2
2.7

1.5
3.3
1.8
3.9
.8
2.4
2.5
2.4

1.0
2.5
1.6
3.4
1.7
2.4
1.2
2.0

0.0
2.0
2.0
3.0
1.3
3.0
1.2
2.4

0.3
2.3
2.0
2.7
1.4
2.4
.0
1.6

2.2
4.0
1.8
3.2
.7
1.0
5.7
2.6

-3.5
1.0
4.6
3.7
-.6
7.4
-6.6
2.4

4.3
5.1
.8
3.1
1.6
-1.2
9.3
2.3

.1
2.3
4.0
1.8
-.6
1.0

-.3
2.6
2.9
2.3
-.2
2.6
5.5
3.6

-1.7
2.4
4.2
3.1
.2
4.9
-8.8
.0

1.0
3.1
2.1
4.0
.6
3.0
3.7
3.2

.2
2.8
2.6
3.9
.3
3.7
1.5
2.9

1.2
3.3
2.1
3.6
.5
2.5
3.1
2.7

.8
2.7
1.8
3.1
1.4
2.2
1.8
2.1

.2
2.3
2.1
2.8
1.2
2.6
1.7
2.3

.7
2.7
2.0
2.7
1.4
2.0
1.1
1.7

4.4
4.3
-.1
5.6
3.0
1.2

-.3
2.4
2.7
2.8
-1.4
3.0

2.6
3.0
.4
2.1
.6
-.5

3.2
-.4
-3.5
2.7
4.4
-.5

3.6
2.9
-.6
2.4
-.1
-1.1

.2
3.8
3.7
2.1
-.7
1.9

4.4
3.2
-1.2
5.3
1.9
.9

4.0
3.4
-.6
4.5
1.0
.5

3.7
3.4
-.3
3.7
.6
.0

2.5
2.3
-.2
3.3
1.6
.8

2.3
2.0
-.3
2.5
.8
.2

2.4
2.3
-.1
2.3
1.0
-.1

6.1
4.9
-1.1
7.8
5.1
1.6

.5
2.7
2.2
3.3
-.9
2.8

2.1
1.5
-.6
2.2
.7
.1

1.0
-3.8
-4.8
2.8
4.5
1.7

3.7
1.8
-1.8
2.5
-.1
-1.2

.7
3.7
3.0
3.1
.2
2.4

6.8
5.4
-1.2
5.6
2.1
-1.1

6.2
5.0
-1.1
5.0
1.5
-1.1

4.7
3.5
-1.1
4.1
.9

2.4
1.3
-1.1
4.0
2.3
1.6

1.8
.5
-1.3
2.7
1.0
.9

1.9
.8
-1.1
2.6
1.3
.8

1.8
3.3
1.5
2.1
-.4
.3

-1.4
1.9
3.4
1.9
-2.3
3.4

3.5
5.6
2.0
2.2
.7
-1.3

7.0
5.3
-1.6
2.9
4.6
-3.9

3.6
4.8
1.2
2.7
.1
-.9

-.5
4.0
4.6
.6
-2.2
1.1

.9
-.3
-1.1
4.9
1.5
4.0

.7
1.0
.3
3.8
.3
3.1

2.2
3.1
.8
3.3
.2
1.0

2.7
4.0
1.3
2.3
.6
-.4

3.1
4.4
1.2
2.4
.8
-.7

3.4
4.9
1.5
2.1
.8
-1.2

4.9
5.9
1.0
3.4
.9
-1.9
-1.4
-3.3
40.1
1.7

-2.8
.5
3.4
3.3
-.9
5.5
6.3
3.3
-26.4
1.7

-.5
2.6
3.1
2.0
.5
2.7
2.5
3.1
1.3
2.5

-.3
-1.1
-.8
1.6
3.3
.6
1.9
-2.7
2.0
.7

.2
1.3
1.2
1.8
-.8
2.8
1.6
6.1
11.0
3.6

O
O
O
O
O
O
O

2.2
4.2
2.0
3.9
.5
1.5
1.6
1.1
8.7
2.2

1.2
3.3
2.1
3.7
.2
2.1
2.4
1.3
.6
2.0

.9
3.2
2.2
3.2
.2
2.1
2.3
1.5
1.8
2.1

.3
2.0
1.7
2.6
.9
1.7
2.3
.0
1.6
1.7

-.9
.8
1.7
2.2
.5
2.9
3.1
2.4
-4.2
2.1

O
O
O
O
O

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
,
Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

1

Not available.
= preliminary.




o
o
0

o

0
0
(1)
0

=revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

113

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Alabama
Birmingham ..
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery .
Tuscaloosa...

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.

1,797.5
418.9
119.0
204.0
127.8
65.5

1,904.8
448.9
127.6
212.9
134.1
70.1

1,886.5
445.3
127.1
212.9
132.5
69.7

149.3
27.0
6.6
18.2
8.7
4.3

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

186.6
37.7
9.6
22.4
11.1
5.2

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

9.9
5.2

8.3
6.4
5.5
8.9
6.8
6.5

9.8
8.4
7.5
10.5
8.3
7.5

9.5
8.2
7.3
10.5
7.4
7.5

Dec.

179.6

36.5
9.2
22.3

248.0

246.3

244.4

25.2

27.0

27.0

10.2

11.0

11.0

Arizona ....
Phoenix .
Tucson ...

1,519.5
940.8
299.8

1,619.9
1,008.3

1,612.9
1,005.8
311.5

92.8
46.8
15.0

114.9
59.8
19.4

114.2
60.2
19.2

6.1
5.0
5.0

7.1
5.9
6.2

7.1
6.0
6.2

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,042.7
53.1

1,067.2
55.0

84.6
247.7
35.4

1,092.4
56.3
87.7
255.4
37.5

91.1
2.8
6.7
15.2
2.8

97.7
2.5
6.1
20.3
3.3

92.8
2.6
6.0

8.7
5.2
7.9
6.1
8.0

8.9
4.5
6.9
8.0
8.7

8.7
4.7
6.9
7.2
9.8

12,922.9
1,182.9
214.9
275.3
4,013.0
138.4
988.0
309.1
784.5
626.2
144.6
971.6
859.0
798.2
169.2
173.0
174.1
166.3

13,464.6
1,240.5
214.2
282.1
4,179.0
147.7
1,033.1
324.8
831.8
659.3
150.6
1,014.9
881.0
817.5
175.7
177.5
185.6
177.3

13,308.3
1,233.1
212.6
287.0
4,131.0
144.3
1,019.0
318.5
824.6
647.1
151.5
999.1
871.0
808.4
172.8
175.2
182.0
174.8

809.7
45.2
23.9
35.4

879.8
49.0
28.4
36.4
268.0
20.4
57.3
23.5
53.1
40.0
15.4
51.5
37.1
44.7
9.6
9.4
22.1
11.8

838.2
45.4
26.7
35.5
247.0
20.1
54.3
21.4
49.6
40.2
17.8
47.5
35.3
41.4
9.3
9.1
21.9
11.1

6.3
3.8
11.1
12.9
5.4

6.5
4.0
13.2
12.9
6.4

13.9
5.4
7.0
6.2
6.2

13.8
5.5
7.2
6.4
6.1
10.2
5.1
4.2
5.5
5.5
5.3
11.9

6.3
3.7
12.6
12.4
6.0
13.9
5.3
6.7
6.0
6.2

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver

1,733.1
130.8
918.0

1,704.8
132.4
901.2

1,706.8
132.0
900.5

107.0
7.0
49.4

131.3
7.5

136.1

65.1

66.8

6.2
5.4
5.4

7.7
5.7
7.2

8.0
6.0
7.4

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury

1,739.8
231.7
414.1
72.8
269.1
117.8
105.3

1,783.6
239.1
426.6
73.8
274.9
121.1
104.2

1,767.2
237.4
424.0
73.2
270.4
119.9
103.4

79.5
12.5
17.7
3.8
12.0
3.9
6.5

60.2
10.1
12.8
2.8
9.1
2.9
5.0

61.3

3.1
8.5
2.9
5.1

4.6
5.4
4.3
5.2
4.5
3.3
6.2

3.4
4.2
3.0
3.8
3.3
2.4
4.8

3.5
4.3
3.2
4.2
3.2
2.4
4.9

315.8
280.7

323.2
283.3

323.9
286.5

14.6
12.4

10.4
10.7

10.1
10.8

4.6
4.4

3.2
3.8

3.1
3.8

District of Columbia .
Washington

323.7
2,027.6

323.7
2,080.5

323.9
2,075.2

25.9
74.6

25.6
73.8

25.6
73.5

8.0
3.7

7.9
3.5

7.9
3.5

Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ..
Fort Myers-Cape Coral ..„
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach .

5,391.2
132.5
567.0
116.8
94.7
405.8
168.1
165.7
885.5
486.6
138.6
103.0
110.6
877.3
354.4

5,694.0
144.7
594.3
127.8
102.0
437.7
173.5
170.1
915.4
531.2
144.9
108.0
119.1
921.0
380.1

5,709.9
144.7
598.0
130.0
102.3
438.8
171.7
167.3
915.2
533.4
146.8
108.4
118.5
926.9
381.6

299.9
6.6
25.4

319.4
7.5
26.0

4.9
3.1
20.2

5.1
3.5
22.4
16.7

263.5
6.6
20.9
4.1
3.0
18.7
12.8

5.6
5.0
4.5
4.2
3.3
5.0
9.4
4.5
7.0
4.4
6.6
4.7
3.7
4.8
5.2

5.6
5.2
4.4
4.0
3.4
5.1
9.6
7.1
6.4
4.7
6.3
3.7
3.5
5.1
5.4

4.6
4.5
3.5
3.2
3.0
4.3
7.5
5.7
5.0
3.8
7.1
3.4
3.2
4.5
4.0

Alaska

California1
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield ..=
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco ..,
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc .
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington .

See footnotes at end of table.

114



313.9

87.4

254.1
35.8

219.0
19.2
53.0
21.7
48.3
38.8
17.2
44.3
36.1
43.0
9.0
9.7
21.8
10.6

15.8
7.4

61.7
21.4
9.1
4.9

4.1
42.2
18.4

12.0
58.5
24.7

9.1
4.0
4.2
47.2
20.4

18.2
3.5

7.9

10.1
13.7

9.5
45.4
20.0
10.4
3.7
3.8
41.4
15.4

11.9
4.6
4.2
5.4
5.3
5.6
12.5
6.4

11.8
4.8
4.1
5.1
5.4
5.2

12.0
6.4

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

171.4
5.9
3.6
63.4
10.5
7.1
7.1
6.6

6.2
9.0
5.3
4.8
5.7
8.3
6.3
6.6

5.7
11.1
4.7
4.6
6.1
7.4
5.8
6.3

5.7
10.7
5.2
4.4
6.2
7.2
5.6
6.1

21.9
15.3

20.3
13.9

5.1
4.6

4.5
4.1

4.1
3.8

36.2
5.8

38.8
6.0

42.5
6.6

7.8
5.6

8.2
5.7

9.1
6.3

5,626.3
170.5
62.0
82.7
3,105.7
170.3
57.2
184.3
42.9
254.8
147.3
140.7
100.3

471.7
12.2
3.7
4.2
234.0
17.2
6.1
14.4
4.7
14.2
14.7
12.7
6.8

392.2
9.2
2.9
3.4
199.2
14.6
5.2
12.2
3.5
11.4
10.9
11.4
5.1

391.4
9.6
3.0
3.4
194.4
14.0
4.9
13.2
3.6
11.5
11.7
10.9
5.1

8.3
7.3
6.1
5.2
7.5
10.0
10.4
7.7
10.8
5.6
9.8
9.0
6.7

6.9
5.4
4.7
4.1
6.4
8.4
9.1
6.6
8.2
4.5
7.5
8.1
5.0

7.0
5.6
4.8
4.1
6.3
8.2
8.6
7.2
8.3
4.5
7.9
7.8
5.1

2,818.7
62.0
91.6
145.8
191.6
266.3
661.8
67.6
61.1
129.8
61.6

2,783.0
61.4
91.1
144.2
190.9
262.1
654.9
66.7
60.2
128.8
60.9

215.3
5.0
6.1
11.5
12.2
30.4
38.3
3.1
4.9
8.6
5.1

169.5
3.5
3.8
8.7
8.8
31.2
30.5
2.2
4.0
6.3
3.7

171.3
3.8
4.3
9.1
9.3
29.9
30.1
2.3
4.0
6.4
3.9

7.8
8.0
6.8
7.9
6.5
11.4
5.9
4.6
8.1
6.7
8.2

6.0
5.7
4.2
6.0
4.6
11.7
4.6
3.2
6.5
4.8
6.1

6.2
6.1
4.7
6.3
4.9
11.4
4.6
3.4
6.7
5.0
6.5

1,373.3
86.4
204.5
41.5
54.3
55.7
67.9

1,450.0
90.9
214.6
3
()
(3)
57.5
70.2

1,430.5
91.3
214.8
3
()
(3)
57.2
69.2

111.8
6.3
3.9
1.6
4.8
8.8

89.5
4.9
11.1
3
()
(3)
4.4
7.6

89.5
4.6
10.6
3
()
(3)
4.0
7.0

8.1
7.3
6.7
9.4
2.9
8.6
13.0

6.2
5.3
5.2
(3)
(3)
7.7
10.8

6.3
5.0
4.9
(3)
(3)
7.1
10.1

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,238.0
37.3
86.3
224.3

1,240.1
(3)
86.9
225.9

1,231.2
(3)
87.1
225.7

63.4
1.4
4.5
12.0

66.7
(3)
4.3
13.3

68.8
(3)
4.4
13.6

5.1
3.9
5.2
5.3

5.4
(3)
4.9
5.9

5.6
(3)
5.0
6.0

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,709.7
179.3
497.2
45.9

1,720.3
180.9
507.0
44.7

1,695.8
176.8
502.3
44.2

162.0
8.9
36.4
5.4

136.0
8.4
30.4
3.9

147.3
9.4
31.9
4.5

9.5
5.0
7.3
11.7

7.9
4.6
6.0
8.7

8.7
5.3
6.4
10.2

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,963.0
58.1
256.8
78.4
109.4
73.4
68.5
597.6
167.8

1,975.4
(3)
262.7
76.4
107.0
72.5
69.9
587.6
166.5

1,958.3
260.8
75.3
105.1
71.8
70.0
590.8
164.5

222.8
5.7
27.2
8.5
9.7
9.5
6.7
60.8
19.4

269.3
(3)
28.5
14.8
16.7
10.8
7.6
67.2
21.6

268.0
(3)
28.7
14.4
16.4
10.8
7.7
66.0
21.8

11.3
9.7
10.6
10.8
8.9
12.9
9.8
10.2
11.6

13.6
(3)
10.8
19.4
15.6
14.8
10.8
11.4
13.0

13.7
(3)
11.0
19.1
15.6
15.0
11.0
11.2
13.2

555.4
40.4
113.1

558.6
39.8
115.9

550.0
39.2
114.6

27.3
2.7
3.0

24.5
2.2
3.0

25.5
2.2
3.1

4.9
6.6
2.6

4.4
5.4
2.6

4.6
5.5
2.7

2,283.3
1,117.7

2,375.2
1,152.5

2,374.6
1,155.4

100.4
57.4

108.3
60.5

112.6
63.2

4.4
5.1

4.6
5.2

4.7
5.5

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

2,885.1
55.2
67.3
1,329.1
164.8
97.3
124.6
104.0

3,029.5
55.6
71.0
1,421.8
170.1
98.0
126.4
107.7

3,028.9
55.2
69.9
1,427.9
168.9
98.1
125.6
108.3

177.5
4.9
3.5
64.4
9.4
8.1
7.8
6.9

172.8
6.2
3.3
65.4
10.4
7.2
7.3
6.8

Hawaii
Honolulu

486.8
367.7

492.0
370.6

491.7
370.0

24.6
16.7

Idaho
Boise City

463.9
102.8

475.3
105.8

467.3
105.2

Illinois1
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ...
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

5,658.5
167.6
60.7
81.5
3,108.1
172.3
58.2
186.2
43.7
251.9
150.3
140.4
101.0

5,643.7
169.4
62.1
83.1
3,103.9
173.6
57.3
184.9
42.7
255.6
146.6
141.4
101.0

Indiana
Anderson
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Lafayette ...
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,776.4
63.1
89.5
146.1
187.1
267.7
644.7
66.3
60.5
128.1
62.3

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
Maryland
Baltimore

C3)

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1985

Dec.
1986?

See footnotes at end of table.




115

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,060.9
1,518.9
96.1
77.6
47.3
187.8
150.7
88.6
40.1
246.7
205.5

3,079.4
1,533.8
96.2
76.6
47.1
186.9
153.3
88.2
40.8
244.8
204.7

3,085.4
1,539.6
97.3
76.4
47.7
186.8
153.0
87.8
40.8
246.1
206.2

118.2
48.5
3.9
5.1
2.1
8.6
5.4
5.9
1.7
11.5
7.7

112.4
46.8
3.9
4.5
2.3
8.5
6.3
5.2
1.7
9.6
7.2

Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,354.6
150.7
62.2
74.1
2,109.5
198.1
337.1
62.2
110.6
231.9
67.9
180.5

4,463.1
155.8
(3)
(3)
2,179.1
202.5
339.6
(3)
113.1
238.7
(3)
186.2

4,469.6
157.2
(3)
(3)
2,184.9
199.9
340.1
(3)
114.0
238.7
(3)
187.0

328.8
6.2
4.8
5.9
141.5
15.6
22.4
5.0
5.6
15.5
6.5
14.9

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,236.7
104.7
1,325.9
58.3
84.3

2,257.4
105.9
1,350.1
(3)
90.0

2,234.7
106.4
1,347.0
(3)
88.8

Mississippi
Jackson

1,111.3
187.3

1,163.6
196.3

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

2,493.9
818.3
42.3
1,227.5
114.3

Montana
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha ..

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

96.4
39.5
3.4
4.2
2.1
7.6
5.2
4.5
1.5
8.4
6.2

3.9
3.2
4.1
6.5
4.4
4.6
3.6
6.6
4.3
4.7
3.7

3.6
3.1
4.0
5.9
5.0
4.6
4.1
5.9
4.1
3.9
3.5

3.1
2.6
3.5
5.5
4.3
4.1
3.4
5.1
3.6
3.4
3.0

358.7
6.1
(3)
3
()
166.7
20.9
23.6
3
()
6.0
14.8
3
()
17.4

340.0
5.6
(3)
3
()
153.2
18.9
22.7
3
()
6.1
14.1
3
()
16.3

7.6
4.1
7.8
7.9
6.7
7.9
6.7
8.0
5.1
6.7
9.6
8.3

8.0
3.9
(3)
(3)
7.7
10.3
6.9
(3)
5.3
6.2
(3)
9.4

7.6
3.6
(3)
(3)
7.0
9.5
6.7
(3)
5.4
5.9
(3)
8.7

151.8
14.4
65.6
2.9
6.5

116.3
9.8
53.8
(3)
5.8

125.5
10.9
55.9
(3)
6.1

6.8
13.7
4.9
5.0
7.7

5.2
9.2
4.0
(3)
6.5

5.6
10.2
4.2
(3)
6.8

1,153.3
196.0

104.8
12.0

133.8
16.2

135.1
16.1

9.4
6.4

11.5
8.3

11.7
8.2

2,566.1
812.7
(3)
1,256.7
121.7

2,544.6
811.3
(3)
1,250.3
121.1

163.5
38.9
3.0
85.2
6.0

154.9
37.1
(3)
83.7
5.9

152.7
36.3
(3)
81.0
5.8

6.6
4.8
7.0
6.9
5.3

6.0
4.6
(3)
6.7
4.8

6.0
4.5
(3)
6.5
4.8

393.0

402.7

402.9

32.2

33.4

34.0

8.2

8.3

8.4

809.3
118.7
314.5

815.4
117.3
312.3

808.6
116.2
313.8

48.2
4.6
19.0

41.0
3.8
16.8

43.7
4.0
17.3

6.0
3.8
6.1

5.0
3.2
5.4

5.4
3.4
5.5

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

517.6
298.0
130.8

540.5
311.3
137.2

542.7
314.3
137.4

44.5
26.4
10.0

29.6
17.8
6.5

32.3
19.2
7.4

8.6
8.9
7.7

5.5
5.7
4.7

5.9
6.1
5.4

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua

554.1
83.9
91.1

559.2
(3)
90.0

559.0
(3)
90.4

16.8
1.8
2.8

14.0
(3)
2.2

13.8
(3)
2.1

3.0
2.2
3.1

2.5
(3)
2.4

2.5
(3)
2.3

3,844.9
158.6
702.3
267.5
527.9
436.1
957.7
165.0
56.3

3,902.2
(3)
711.3
268.1
541.1
453.6
961.6
170.7
(3)

3,866.1
(3)
708.3
264.8
534.6
449.9
952.0
169.5
(3)

207.5
15.3
34.0
22.6
21.9
19.5
53.7
6.5
6.3

159.0
(3)
26.2
16.7
15.9
15.3
42.1
5.8
(3)

151.9
(3)
25.0
16.9
14.9
14.6
38.8
5.5
(3)

5.4
9.6
4.8
8.4
4.2
4.5
5.6
3.9
11.2

4.1
(3)
3.7
6.2
2.9
3.4
4.4
3.4
(3)

3.9
(3)
3.5
6.4
2.8
3.2
4.1
3.2
(3)

652.6
244.9
54.0
60.3

677.7
258.3
58.3
62.2

676.1
260.1
56.2
62.0

56.7
15.9
4.0
3.1

62.5
17.1
3.9
3.6

62.8
16.7
3.7
3.7

8.7
6.5
7.3
5.1

9.2
6.6
6.8
5.7

9.3
6.4
6.6
5.9

New Jersey1
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
See footnotes at end of table.

116




Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986"

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

8,448.2
405.5
126.8
437.8
39.8
48.9
1,412.0
3,949.9
3,295.0
122.7
126.9
491.2
311.3
134.9

8,406.8
406.4
124.7
440.2
40.5
49.5
1,412.6
3,895.8
3,239.0
123.6
126.0
494.6
314.8
132.1

8,458.3
408.1
125.2
440.7
40.3
49.1
1,424.7

132.7

10.0

7.9

8.9

North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point ..
Raleigh-Durham

3,191.0
89.8
593.9
511.1
388.6

3,194.1
85.4
594.0
505.4
386.5

3,208.6
85.8

134.3

154.8
4.3
23.8

388.3

3.1
23.3
17.9
8.3

173.1
4.6
27.3
23.0

323.0
44.5
82.6
35.3

317.4
43.1
83.0
35.1

310.9
43.1
82.1
35.0

5,156.4
319.9
192.1
716.7
923.1
665.3
453.7
300.4
223.0

5,279.3
328.5
(3)
737.5
936.3
698.6
466.7
309.6
(3)

5,256.4
327.6
(3)

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,557.6
31.0
47.1
509.2
342.5

1,594.1
(3)
47.3
511.6
356.5

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

1,334.3
132.0
609.6
119.0

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio1
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield

Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

1

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

3,934.9
3,275.0
123.8
126.5

492.7
316.3

Dec.
1985

499.7
20.4
7.5
29.3
2.9
3.6
53.7
254.5
235.0
6.1
4.4
24.1
17.8

Nov.
1986

449.6
18.7
6.1
27.2
2.2
3.7
53.3
217.3
198.0

5.4
4.1
26.7
21.0

Dec.
1986p

460.4
19.4
6.1
27.5
2.2
3.4
51.2
223.3
204.0
5.4
4.0

25.6
22.0

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986?

5.9
5.0
5.9
6.7
7.3
7.4
3.8
6.4
7.1
5.0
3.4
4.9
5.7
7.4

5.3
4.6
4.9
6.2
5.5
7.5
3.8
5.6
6.1
4.4
3.3
5.4
6.7
6.0

5.4
4.8
4.9
6.3
5.6
6.9
3.6
5.7
6.2
4.3
3.2
5.2
7.0
6.7

5.4
5.4
4.6
4.5
3.6

4.8
5.0
4.0
3.8
3.1

14.0

19.3
12.0

4.2
3.5
3.9
3.5
2.1

20.6
3.4
4.0
1.2

19.5
2.7
2.8
1.3

18.8
2.8
2.8
1.2

6.4
7.6
4.9
3.5

6.1
6.3
3.4
3.7

6.1
6.4
3.4
3.3

435.8
26.9
20.3
47.6
71.1
41.0
31.9
22.2
25.2

387.9
23.3
(3)
42.4
61.9
38.8
28.2
22.6

417.8
25.2
(3)

8.5
8.4
10.6
6.6
7.7
6.2
7.0
7.4
11.3

7.3
7.1
(3)
5.7
6.6
5.6
6.0
7.3

7.9
7.7
(3)
6.2
7.0

1,585.0
(3)
47.6
510.6
354.4

110.6
2.2
2.5
29.1
25.2

123.7
(3)
2.4
32.8
28.6

120.4
(3)
2.5
31.3
27.8

7.1
7.0
5.3
5.7
7.3

7.8
(3)
5.0
6.4
8.0

7.6
(3)
5.2
6.1
7.9

1,403.0
138.8
637.4
131.3

1,388.8

119.1
11.8
44.6
10.8

104.5
9.8
41.5

98.1

8.9
8.9
7.3
9.1

7.4
7.1
6.5
7.6

7.1

5,544.6
314.9
58.2
66.7
126.0
297.2
94.9
200.4
2,316.0
963.2
167.0
335.2
49.2
54.9
54.7
201.6

5,561.3
309.8
58.2
64.8
127.7
299.9
92.2
205.8
2,343.8
963.6
166.3
335.6
49.0
57.4
55.2
203.3

5,438.9
303.3
56.7
62.9
124.4

405.4
25.8
5.6
9.7
9.9
15.6
12.5
8.5
119.8

332.0
17.6
4.6
7.0
9.8

7.3
8.2
9.7

77.9

69.6
7.5

198.8

10.7
30.8
4.1
4.0
4.5
11.3

256.4
13.2
3.7
5.4
7.7
8.1
6.5
4.3
82.8
54.8
5.9
20.3
3.0
2.5

2.9
6.4

13.1
4.2
5.2
8.1
6.4
9.2
8.3
7.3
8.2
5.6

6.0
5.7
7.9
10.8
7.7
3.6
8.5
2.7
4.5
7.2
4.5
7.3
8.1
5.5
6.3
4.3

4.7
4.4
6.5
8.7
6.2
2.8
7.3
2.1
3.6
5.8
3.6
6.2
6.3
4.5
5.3
3.2

504.3
166.0
328.1

513.4
166.5
333.9

516.0
167.3
335.7

22.9
8.9
14.0

19.3
7.2
12.2

20.8
7.5
12.9

4.5
5.3
4.3

3.8
4.3
3.7

4.0
4.5
3.8

1,564.5
208.6
213.9
311.6

1,639.5
226.7
231.1
324.6

1,619.7
225.0
229.5
322.2

99.4
8.4
7.4
16.8

92.1
9.9
8.1
14.8

90.7
9.7
7.5
14.6

6.4
4.0
3.4
5.4

5.6
4.3
3.5
4.5

5.6
4.3
3.3
4.5

337.1
37.2
68.2

350.1
39.9
71.2

343.0
39.5
70.4

20.3
2.4
3.4

20.6
2.2
3.9

17.8
2.0
3.2

6.0
6.5
5.0

5.9
5.6
5.5

5.2
5.2
4.5

595.2
508.3

735.8
933.4
694.1
464.9
308.7

294.1
89.8
201.8
2,311.3

940.6
163.4
327.8
47.4
54.8.

53.9

45.6
65.3
40.1
30.0
24.3

9.9

10.9
7.9
5.6
106.1

24.5
4.0
3.1
3.5
8.8

14.6
7.9
5.2

5.8
6.5

7.9

See footnotes at end of table.




117

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986p

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol .
Knoxville
Memphis LMA
Nashville

2,269.2
205.6
213.2
270.0
422.8
492.5

2,338.6
204.7
215.7
280.7
433.4
505.8

2,319.8
207.5
216.4
277.9
430.1
503.1

177.7
14.3
14.8
21.0
28.9
22.1

180.9
13.2
15.2
22.1
30.4
24.0

Texas 1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

7,993.5

8,215.2

56.5

56.9
101.3

8,253.7
57.5

505.0
3.6
6.7
16.6
18.6
6.2
11.4
2.7
14.0
57.6
19.0

725.9
5.1
6.5
25.2
20.2

Waco
Wichita Falls

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

100.5
418.9
162.0
78.6

89.4
57.2
164.2
1,355.3
210.2
629.2
105.5
1,630.4
85.0
41.6

79.6
109.5

429.0
157.8

79.3
93.6
(3)
169.4
1,405.9
217.7
646.8
106.3
1,653.1
88.0
(3)

79.7
110.0

101.3
431.6
158.3
80.0
94.4
3
()

170.3
1,403.5
219.4

653.1
106.9
1,660.4
88.5
(3)
80.3

111.2

138.8
52.1
60.2
44.2
551.9
45.6
56.2
75.5
37.4
88.3
56.3

145.0
52.3
59.5
(3)
568.2

146.4
52.5
59.7
(3)
571.5

76.6
(3)
91.4

77.7
(3)
92.1

739.6
95.6

Dec.
1985

29.3
9.5
110.8
5.6

4.9
6.9
5.5
24.2
2.4
3.1
1.7
30.9
2.6
4.4
5.0
2.4
5.0
3.2

Nov.
1986

8.4
13.6
3
()
20.6
82.8
24.4
42.9
11.7
165.5
6.8
(3)
8.9
7.0
30.0
5.8
9.4
(3)
45.1

Dec.
1985

Nov.
1986

Dec.
1986P

180.0
13.9
14.4
22.7
28.8
23.1

7.8
6.9
6.9
7.8
6.8
4.5

7.7
6.5
7.1
7.9
7.0
4.7

7.8
6.7
6.7
8.2
6.7
4.6

718.6
5.0
6.2
25.5
19.7
8.4
14.0
3
()
20.3
81.6
24.4
42.4
11.3
160.3
6.8
(3)
9.2
6.7
29.7
5.5
8.9
(3)
44.3

6.3
6.4
6.6
4.0

8.8

8.7
8.6
6.1
5.9

Dec.
1986P

7.2

6.9
)

')
7.4

7.5

11.5
7.8
12.8
4.7
8.5
4.3
9.0
4.6
9.0
6.8
6.6
11.8
8.7
5.1
17.4
4.6
5.2
3.9
5.6
5.8
7.9
6.6
6.3
5.6
5.8

9.0
6.4
5.9
12.8

10.6
14.5
(3)

12.2
5.9

12.5
10.5
14.8
(3)

11.9

11.0
15.8
(3)
7.9

5.8
11.1
6.5
10.5
9.7
7.7
(3)
11.5
6.0
20.3
10.4
14.9
(3)
7.8

9.0
(3)
8.0

9.3
(3)
8.2

11.2
6.6

11.0
10.0
7.7
(3)

11.2
6.3
20.7

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen .

770.6
98.7
513.4

770.2
98.7
513.2

43.9
6.4
26.1

45.9
7.0
26.8

50.3
7.8

490.9

29.1

5.9
6.7
5.3

6.0
7.1
5.2

6.5
8.0
5.7

Vermont
Burlington ...

287.6
70.4

295.7
72.9

297.1
72.1

13.2
2.2

12.8
2.3

13.1
2.2

4.6
3.1

4.3
3.1

4.4
3.0

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,912.0

2,966.7

2,947.6
72.3
586.9
418.4
118.8

4.0
29.6
18.9
6.1

3.8
28.5
17.4

116.9

72.4
591.8
420.7
118.9

153.2
3.0
5.4
4.1
27.9
17.6
4.6

5.9

5.3
4.6
10.2
5.6
4.9
4.3
4.0

5.5
5.0
4.5
5.2

5.2
4.9
4.2
5.0

Washington .
Seattle

2,115.4
935.5

2,224.6
998.4

2,214.9
997.3

176.2
59.5

179.0
62.9

183.9
62.1

8.3
6.4

8.0
6.3

8.3
6.2

761.0

757.4
119.2

757.7
119.7

127.5
72.9
72.3

128.3
73.1
72.0

95.0
11.3
15.0
7.8
8.8

89.6
10.8
12.1
7.9
8.0

92.1
10.7
13.4
8.3
8.1

12.5
9.5
11.6
10.7
11.8

11.8
9.1
9.5
10.8
11.1

12.1
8.9
10.5
11.4
11.2

2,447.7
161.6

2,438.9
161.4
71.2

163.0

56.1

176.1
11.4
4.8
6.4
5.3
6.2
3.1
9.4
45.6
7.1
3.5
4.5

10.0
42.1
6.5
2.9
4.3

172.4
11.7
5.1
6.9
5.2
5.6
3.2
9.2
42.7
7.6
2.7
4.3

7.4
7.2
7.3
6.4
7.7
11.3
6.0
4.5
6.4
8.4
6.7
8.1

6.7
6.7
6.8
6.5
7.1
9.7
6.1
4.7
5.8
7.7
5.4
7.6

7.1
7.2
7.1
6.8
7.6
10.4
6.0
4.4
5.8
8.7
5.1
7.7

245.4

19.3

22.0

22.0

8.0

8.9

9.0

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland ...
Parkersburg-Marietta.
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah ....
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming.

64.4
53.0
73.7
574.3
411.4

119.3
129.8
72.4
74.3
2,389.7
159.2
66.4

98.9

71.5
102.5
69.1

69.1
55.0
52.1
207.6
716.2
84.6
52.4
55.1

52.8
53.2
214.1
730.5
85.1
54.2
56.3

243.0

247.4

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data.
2
Not available.
3
Publication of data has been suspended due to budget cuts.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1985 have been

118



101.6
68.7
53.6
52.8

212.3
732.8
86.9
53.8

benchmarked to
11 States and
provisional and
available. Area
publication.

10.8

4.9
6.7
4.9
5.1
3.2

1985 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the
2 areas designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1986 are
will be revised when new benchmark information becomes
definitions are published annually in the May issue of this




Revised
Seasonally Adjusted
Labor Force

1982-86

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1. Labor force by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status
(In thousands)
Year

January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

110,745
112,361
113,923
116,494
118,485

111,131
112,318
114,355
116,673
118,733

111,238
112,256
114,400
117,017
118,880

111,488
112,512
114,816
117,015
118,987

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

63,588
63,986
64,905
65,745
66,666

63,731
64,033
65,037
65,722
66,737

63,754
64,045
65,078
65,854
66,793

63,877
64,223
65,140
65,933
66,770

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

47,157
48,375
49,018
50,749
51,819

47,400
48,285
49,318
50,951
51,996

47,484
48,211
49,322
51,163
52,087

47,611
48,289
49,676
51,082
52,217

47,936
48,209
50,132
51,057
52,420

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

109,089
110,694
112,237
114,797
116,794

109,467
110,654
112,671
114,970
117,042

109,567
110,592
112,714
115,316
117,187

109,820
110,841
113,123
115,313
117,292

110,451
110,823
113,675
115,286
117,587

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

62,068
62,455
63,363
64,196
65,127

62,204
62.505
63.497
64.168
65,198

62,222
62,517
63,536
64,301
65,253

62,348
62,693
63,592
64,380
65,229

62.653
62,755
63,688
64,378
65,321

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

47,021
48,239
48,874
50,601
51,667

47,263
48,149
49,174
50,802
51,844

47,345
48,075
49,178
51,015
51,934

47,472
48,148
49,531
50,933
52,063

47,798
48,068
49,987
50,908
52,266

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8,676
8,350
7,985
8,070
7,754

8,697
8,177
7,991
8,063
7,941

8,550
8,106
7,931
8,049
7,945

8,605
8,100
7,989
7,956
8,031

8,753
8,015
7,953
7,977
7,996

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,607
4,373
4,121
4,237
3,984

4,597
4,318
4,156
4,187
4,106

4,544
4,271
4,198
4,204
4,076

4,525
4,239
4,143
4,203
4,149

4,631
4,219
4,137
4,183
4,163

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,069
3,977
3,864
3,833
3,770

4,100
3,859
3,835
3,876
3,835

4,006
3,835
3,733
3,845
3,869

4,080
3,861
3,846
3,753
3,882

4,122
3,796
3,816
3,794
3,833

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

112,391
113,995
115,544
117,576
119,988

112,412
113,621
115,723
117,780
120,163

112,710
113,905
115,873
117,851
120,426

112,748
114,037
116,283
118,031
120,336

64,210
64,854
65,615
66,128
67,128

64,290
64,729
65,576
66,274
67,130

64,361
64,907
65,700
66,214
67,407

64,332
64,888
65,850
66,173
67,425

48,181
49,141
49,929
51,448
52,860

48,122
48,892
50,147
51,506
53,033

48,349
48,998
50,173
51,636
53,019

48,416
49,149
50,433
51,858
52,911

110,514
112,196
113,657
115,277
118,124

110,721
112,300
113,824
115,844
118,272

110,744
111,926
114,018
116,080
118,414

111,050
112,220
114,174
116,149
118,675

111,083
112,349
114,585
116,333
118,586

62,509
63,377
63,825
64,378
65,370

62,684
63,305
64,044
64,548
65,568

62,766
63,186
64,019
64,723
65,540

62,845
63,373
64,148
64,662
65,815

62,803
63,351
64,300
64,624
65,832

48,005
48,819
49,832
50,899
52,754

48,037
48,995
49,780
51,296
52,704

47,978
48,740
49,999
51,357
52,874

48,205
48,847
50,026
51,487
52,860

48,280
48,998
50,285
51,709
52,754

8,469
8,145
7,948
7,815
7,940

8,499
8,013
7,875
7,902
7,991

8,520
8,075
7,855
7,869
7,929

8,397
8,106
7,963
7,872
7,837

4,388
4,292
4,121
4,059
4,156

4,431
4,228
4,098
4,134
4,131

4,455
4,273
4,142
4,056
4,112

4,403
4,244
4,186
4,079
4,006

4,081
3,853
3,827
3,756
3,784

4,068
3,785
3,777
3,768
3,860

4,065
3,802
3,713
3,813
3,817

3,994
3,862
3,777
3,793
3,831

Labor force including resident Armed Forces, total
112,116
112,492
115,365
116,991
119.274

111,745
113,489
115,447
116,628
119,685

112,016
113,410
115,630
116,984
119,789

112,203
113,878
115,369
117,003
119,821

Labor force, including resident Armed Forces, men
64,180
64,283
65,233
65,934
66,854

63,832
64.812
65,502
65,795
66,937

63,911
64,858
65,458
65,913
66,968

64,060
64,915
65,388
65,952
66,911

Labor force, including resident Armed Forces, women
47,913
48,677
49,945
50,833
52,748

48,105
48,552
50,172
51,071
52,821

48,143
48,963
49,981
51,051
52,910

Civilian labor force, all civilian workers
. .

110,081
111,821
113,757
114.926
118.005

110,342
111,746
113,932
115,280
118,117

Civilian labor force, men
62,306
63,287
63,957
64,243
65,412

62,374
63,337
63,907
64,359
65,450

Civilian labor force, women
47,775
48,534
49,800
50,683
52,593

47,968
48,409
50,025
50,921
52,667

Civilian labor force, both sexes, 16 to 19 years
8.293
8,396
8,074
7,596
7,936

8,380
8,205
8,021
7,977
7,883

8,514
8,357
7,793
7,735
7,955

Civilian labor force, men, 16 to 19 years
4,301
4,421
4,200
4,032
4,082

4,295
4,334
4,121
4,175
4,095

4,472
4,394
4,029
4,093
4,151

Civilian labor force, women, 16 to 19 years

120




3,992
3,975
3,874
3,564
3,854

4,085
3,871
3,900
3,802
3,788

4,042
3,963
3,764
3,642
3,804

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1. Labor force by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status—Continued
(in thousands)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

100,413
102,344
104,252
106,727
109,040

100,770
102,477
104,680
106,907
109,101

101,017
102,486
104,783
107,267
109,242

101,215
102,741
105,134
107,357
109,261

101,698
102,808
105,722
107,309
109,591

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

57,461
58,082
59,242
59,959
61,143

57,607
58,187
59,341
59,981
61,092

57,678
58,246
59,338
60,097
61,177

57,823
58,454
59,449
60,177
61,080

58,022
58,536
59,551
60,195
61,158

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

42,952
44,262
45,010
46,768
47,897

43,163
44,290
45,339
46,926
48,009

43,339
44,240
45,445
47,170
48,065

43,392
44,287
45,685
47,180
48,181

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

16,023
16,073
16,010
15,902
15,590

16,068
16,127
15,985
15,847
15,715

16,125
16,011
16,031
15,758
15,598

16,105
16,007
16,073
15,793
15,485

16,088
15,870
16,128
15,777
15,457

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8,619
8,591
8,587
8,382
8,254

8,635
8,593
8,569
8,359
8,323

8,635
8,496
8,605
8,290
8,279

8,605
8,546
8,664
8,329
8,184

8,590
8,496
8,591
8,357
8,111

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7,404
7,482
7,423
7,520
7,336

7,433
7,534
7,416
7,488
7,392

7,490
7,515
7,426
7,468
7,319

7,500
7,461
7,409
7,464
7,301

7,498
7,374
7,537
7,420
7,346

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

84,378
86,274
88,244
90,838
93,457

84,700
86,363
88,707
91,068
93,394

84,935
86,510
88,793
91,534
93,661

85,083
86,715
89,053
91,546
93,747

85,651
86,936
89,561
91,480
94,077

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

48,833
49,500
50,660
51,594
52,905

48,978
49,620
50,801
51,654
52,805

49,082
49,781
50,773
51,833
52,924

49,223
49,929
50,816
51,865
52,900

49,468
50,042
50,939
51,796
53,007

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986 ...

35,545
36,774
37,584
39,244
40,552

35,722
36,743
37,906
39,414
40,589

35,853
36,729
38,020
39,701
40,737

35,860
36,786
38,237
39,681
40,847

Year

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

102,252
104,155
105,876
108,029
110,332

102,245
103,913
106,143
108,178
110,423

102,530
104,145
106,319
108,280
110,746

102,686
104,243
106,622
108,461
110,749

58,296
59,013
59,923
60,489
61,412

58,335
58,958
59,921
60,589
61,409

58,390
59,100
60,006
60,606
61,703

58,400
59,107
60,114
60,545
61,826

43,956
45,142
45,953
47,540
48,920

43,910
44,955
46,222
47,589
49,014

44,140
45,045
46,313
47,674
49,043

44,286
45,136
46,508
47,916
48,923

16,031
16,073
15,974
15,670
15,396

16,049
15,997
16,011
15,701
15,294

16,135
15,998
16,054
15,609
15,277

16,176
15,893
16,005
15,620
15,242

8,588
8,582
8,597
8,255
8,133

8,620
8,559
8,522
8,224
8,071

8,640
8,573
8,573
8,244
8,069

8,634
8,515
8,531
8,201
8,066

7,443
7,491
7,377
7,415
7,263

7,429
7,438
7,489
7,477
7,223

7,495
7,425
7,481
7,365
7,208

7,542
7,378
7,474
7,419
7,176

86,222
88,077
89,894
92,351
94,926

86,193
87,899
90,111
92,450
95,096

86,369
88,145
90,265
92,665
95,451

86,499
88,342
90,612
92,838
95,485

49,715
50,434
51,331
52,235
53,276

49,698
50,367
51,363
52,323
53,293

49,730
50,530
51,442
52,368
53,636

49,707
50,553
51,562
52,334
53,752

36,507
37,643
38,563
40,116
41,650

36,495
37,532
38,748
40,127
41,803

36,639
37,615
38,823
40,297
41,815

36,792
37,789
39,050
40,504
41,733

Civilian labor force, both sexes, 20 years and over
101,788
103,425
105,683
107,330
110,069

101,962
103,541
105,911
107,303
110,234

102,000
103,839
105,864
107,542
110,169

Civilian labor force, men, 20 years and over
58,005
58,866
59,757
60,211
61,330

58,079
59,003
59,786
60,184
61,355

58,037
58,983
59,796
60,285
61,219

Civilian labor force, women, 20 years and over
43,676
44,272
46,171
47,114
48,433

43,783
44,559
45,926
47,119
48,739

43,883
44,538
46,125
47,119
48,879

43,963
44,856
46,068
47,257
48,950

Civilian labor force, both sexes, 20 to 24 years
16,107
16,150
16,207
15,708
15,471

16,064
16,161
16,120
15,653
15,456

16,083
16,136
15,905
15,601
15,327

Civilian labor force, men, 20 to 24 years
8,570
8,749
8,745
8,302
8,126

8,596
8,708
8,583
8,233
8,155

8,583
8,682
8,523
8,227
8,041

Civilian abor force, women, 20 to 24 years
7,537
7,401
7,462
7,406
7,345

7,468
7,453
7,537
7,420
7,301

7,500
7,454
7,382
7,374
7,286

Civilian labor force, both sexes, 25 years and over
85,734
87,311
89,472
91,621
94,599

85,911
87,403
89,831
91,733
94,878

85,871
87,655
89,927
91,938
94,879

Civilian labor force, men, 25 years and over
49,466
50,106
50,968
51,858
53,152

49,457
50,269
51,186
51,962
53,217

49,464
50,308
51,285
52,087
53,228

Civilian labor force, women, 25 years and over




36,183
36,894
38,622
39,684
41,070

36,268
37,205
38,504
39,763
41,447

36,454
37,134
38,645
39,771
41,661

36,407
37,347
38,642
39,851
41,651

121

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1. Labor force by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status—Continued
(In thousands)
Year

January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

69,470
71,264
73,318
75,998
78,545

69,778
71,261
73,667
76,117
78,567

69,883
71,503
73,893
76,429
78,779

70,001
71,769
74,153
76,628
78,919

70,428
71,948
74,565
76,500
79,098

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

39,882
40,557
41,760
42,807
44,060

39,993
40,632
41,887
42,838
44,070

40,058
40,818
41,950
42,908
44,120

40,160
40,960
42,033
43,062
44,140

40,362
41,093
42,111
43,002
44,173

29,588
30,707
31,558
33,191
34,485

29,785
30,629
31,780
33,279
34,497

29,825
30,685
31,943
33,521
34,659

29,841
30,809
32,120
33,566
34,779

30,066
30,855
32,454
33,498
34,925

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

30,841
31,447
32,269
33,206
34,255

30,941
31,418
32,362
33,214
34,221

30,971
31,486
32,415
33,292
34,366

31,030
31,642
32,506
33,412
34,415

31,121
31,803
32,611
33,338
34,431

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

17,621
17,778
18,276
18,657
19,325

17,693
17,828
18,285
18,659
19,282

17,689
17,892
18,319
18,660
19,325

17,777
17,957
18,362
18,770
19,301

17,815
18,038
18,374
18,748
19,265

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

13,220
13,669
13,993
14,549
14,930

13,248
13,590
14,077
14,555
14,939

13,282
13,594
14,096
14,632
15,041

13,253
13,685
14,144
14,642
15,114

13,306
13,765
14,237
14,590
15,166

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

21,855
23,087
24,228
25,590
26,653

22,009
23,158
24,504
25,604
26,766

22,023
23,267
24,568
25,780
26,840

22,116
23,343
24,682
25,826
26,918

22,321
23,389
24,952
25,910
27,048

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

12,464
13,061
13,770
14,313
14,785

12,535
13,105
13,877
14,311
14,836

12,588
13,203
13,892
14,369
14,846

12,626
13,256
13,931
14,401
14,869

12,743
13,329
14,008
14,444
14,923

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

9,391
10,026
10,458
11,277
11,868

9,474
10,053
10,627
11,293
11,930

9,435
10,064
10,676
11,411
11,994

9,490
10,087
10,751
11,425
12,049

9,578
10,060
10,944
11,466
12,125

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Civilian labor force, both sexes, 25 to 54 years
70,499
72,318
74,659
76,753
79,571

70,765
72,403
74,953
76,884
79,791

70,835
72,752
75,139
77,103
79,930

70,975
72,985
74,997
77,531
80,105

71,150
72,854
75,324
77,551
80,311

71,208
73,025
75,403
77,789
80,519

71,400
73,261
75,714
78,029
80,669

40,638
41,476
42,488
43,414
44,596

40,712
41,436
42,623
43,495
44,607

40,711
41,507
42,683
43,542
44,846

40,717
41,624
42,803
43,610
44,947

30,337
31,509
32,509
34,117
35,509

30,438
31,418
32,701
34,056
35,704

30,497
31,518
32,720
34,247
35,673

30,683
31,637
32,911
34,419
35,722

31,382
32,059
32,807
33,938
34,758

31,412
31,969
33,014
33,820
34,738

31,432
32,178
32,951
33,812
34,971

31,563
32,197
33,062
33,936
34,913

17,900
18,127
18,559
18,926
19,434

17,900
18,101
18,662
18,955
19,377

17,894
18,200
18,632
18,933
19,563

17,898
18,200
18,683
18,968
19,567

13,482
13,932
14,248
15,012
15,324

13,512
13,868
14,352
14,865
15,361

13,538
13,978
14,319
14,879
15,408

13,665
13,997
14,379
14,968
15,346

22,661
23,914
25,157
26,230
27,527

22,808
23,933
25,257
26,408
27,645

22,860
24,003
25,323
26,583
27,634

23,017
24,168
25,514
26,610
27,796

12,917
13,553
14,143
14,607
15,161

12,995
13,572
14,177
14,648
15,212

13,014
13,613
14,206
14,707
15,244

13,058
13,697
14,282
14,730
15,315

9,744
10,361
11,014
11,623
12,366

9,813
10,361
11,080
11,760
12,433

9,846
10,390
11,117
11,876
12,390

9,959
10,471
11,232
11,880
12,481

Civilian labor force, men, 25 to 54 years
40,394
41,211
42,273
43,077
44,404

40,430
41,274
42,374
43,166
44,432

40,513
41,387
42,491
43,272
44,521

Civilian labor force, women, 25 to 54 years
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

..

.

..

30,105
31,107
32,386
33,676
35,167

30,335
31,129
32,579
33,718
35,359

30,322
31,365
32,648
33,831
35,409

Civilian labor force, both sexes, 25 to 34 years
31,159
31,883
32,718
33,475
34,673

31,213
31,815
32,855
33,560
34,664

31,336
31,957
32,977
33,590
34,736

Civilian labor force, men, 25 to 34 years
17,817
18,071
18,449
18,772
19,405

17,825
18,028
18,539
18,801
19,377

17,856
18,096
18,608
18,846
19,427

Civilian labor force, women, 25 to 34 years
13,342
13,812
14,269
14,703
15,268

13,388
13,787
14,316
14,759
15,287

13,480
13,861
14,369
14,744
15,309

Civilian labor force, both sexes, 35 to 44 years

.

.

..

22,422
23,559
24,911
26,036
27,141

22,523
23,683
25,017
26,069
27,342

22,637
23,774
25,061
26,175
27,470

Civilian labor force, men, 35 to 44 years
12,786
13,397
14,039
14,462
14,977

12,822
13,465
14,059
14,506
15,062

12,884
13,480
14,053
14,550
15,111

Civilian labor force, women, 35 to 44 years

122




9,636
10,162
10,872
11,574
12,164

9,701
10,218
10,958
11,563
12,280

9,753
10,294
11,008
11,625
12,359

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1. Labor force by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status—Continued
(In thousands)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

16,774
16,730
16,821
17,202
17,637

16,828
16,685
16,801
17,299
17,580

16,889
16,750
16,910
17,357
17,573

16,855
16,784
16,965
17,390
17,586

16,986
16,756
17,002
17,252
17,619

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

9,797
9,718
9,714
9,837
9,950

9,765
9,699
9,725
9,868
9,952

9,781
9,723
9,739
9,879
9,949

9,757
9,747
9,740
9,891
9,970

9,804
9,726
9,729
9,810
9,985

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6,977
7,012
7,107
7,365
7,687

7,063
6,986
7,076
7,431
7,628

7,108
7,027
7,171
7,478
7,624

7,098
7,037
7,225
7,499
7,616

7,182
7,030
7,273
7,442
7,634

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

14,950
15,056
14,953
14,862
14,917

14,864
15,036
14,974
14,884
14,762

15,042
14,990
14,884
15,088
14,853

15,101
14,969
14,927
14,943
14,842

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8,971
8,953
8,899
8,769
8,825

8,936
8,943
8,869
8,775
8,702

9,020
8,942
8,796
8,903
8,775

9,064
8,971
8,794
8,818
8,774

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,979
6,103
6,054
6,093
6,092

5,928
6,093
6,105
6,109
6,060

6,022
6,048
6,088
6,185
6,078

6,037
5,998
6,133
6,125
6,068

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

11,958
12,037
11,945
11,980
11,878

11,871
12,012
11,994
11,976
11,770

12,029
11,946
11,951
12,114
11,846

12,070
11,939
12,011
12,018
11,839

12,046
11,921
11,987
12,017
11,889

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7,133
7,122
7,085
7,063
6,976

7,094
7,119
7,071
7,047
6,881

7,160
7,086
7,040
7,114
6,947

7,192
7,121
7,059
7,075
6,950

7,182
7,109
7,024
7,035
6,978

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,825
4,915
4,860
4,917
4,902

4,777
4,893
4,923
4,929
4,889

4,869
4,860
4,911
5,000
4,899

4,878
4,818
4,952
4,943
4,889

4,864
4,812
4,963
4,982
4,911

Year

May

June

July

September

August

October

November

December

Civilian labor force, both sexes, 45 to 54 years
17,029
16,905
17,081
17,255
17,785

16,918
16,876
17,030
17,242
17,757

16,862
17,021
17,101
17,338
17,724

16,932
17,012
17,033
17,363
17,820

16,930
16,952
17,053
17,323
17,928

16,916
16,844
17,129
17,394
17,914

16,820
16,896
17,138
17,483
17,960

9,821
9,796
9,786
9,881
10,001

9,817
9,763
9,784
9,892
10,018

9,803
9,694
9,845
9,902
10,039

9,761
9,727
9,838
9,912
10,065

7,111
7,216
7,247
7,482
7,819

7,113
7,189
7,269
7,431
7,910

7,113
7,150
7,284
7,492
7,875

7,059
7,169
7,300
7,571
7,895

15,301
15,121
14,927
14,840
14,856

15,057
15,072
14,819
14,932
14,826

15,118
15,084
14,831
14,853
14,912

15,072
15,071
14,899
14,856
14,876

9,111
8,977
8,861
8,827
8,687

8,994
8,954
8,762
8,852
8,714

9,009
9,012
8,745
8,815
8,789

8,996
8,942
8,779
8,774
8,858

6,190
6,144
6,066
6,013
6,169

6,063
6,118
6,057
6,080
6,112

6,109
6,072
6,086
6,038
6,123

6,076
6,129
6,120
6,082
6,018

12,247
11,973
11,959
11,948
11,879

12,089
12,018
11,858
12,008
11,919

12,109
12,018
11,909
11,938
11,911

12,048
12,053
11,996
11,887
11,847

7,283
7,103
7,068
7,051
6,944

7,207
7,122
7,002
7,065
6,982

7,173
7,147
7,019
7,037
6,983

7,148
7,136
7,074
6,968
6,999

4,964
4,870
4,891
4,897
4,935

4,882
4,896
4,856
4,943
4,937

4,936
4,871
4,890
4,901
4,928

4,900
4,917
4,922
4,919
4,848

Civilian labor force, men, 45 to 54 years
9,791
9,743
9,785
9,843
10,022

9,783
9,781
9,776
9,859
9,993

9,773
9,811
9,830
9,876
9,983

Civilian labor force, women, 45 to 54 years
7,127
7,133
7,245
7,399
7,735

7,246
7,124
7,305
7,396
7,792

7,089
7,210
7,271
7,462
7,741

Civilian labor force, both sexes, 55 years and over
15,170
14,925
14,922
14,902
14,908

15,142
15,005
14,845
14,803
15,021

15,200
15,012
14,855
14,908
15,070

15,096
14,984
14,856
14,897
15,006

Civilian labor force, men, 55 years and over

...

9,069
8,910
8,791
8,763
8,806

9,012
8,984
8,784
8,763
8,752

9,103
8,963
8,760
8,838
8,804

8,967
8,946
8,812
8,828
8,713

n

Civilian labor force, women, 55 years and over
6,101
6,015
6,131
6,139
6,102

6,130
6,021
6,061
6,040
6,269

6,097
6,049
6,095
6,070
6,266

6,129
6,038
6,044
6,069
6,293

Civilian labor force, both sexes, 55 to 64 years
12,097
12,013
11,993
12,028
11,990

'

12,100
11,976
11,961
11,957
11,966

T2.102
11,935
11,936
12,016
11,981

Civilian labor force, men, 55 to 64 years
7,195
7,127
7,030
7,113
6,946

7,170
7,109
7,043
7,076
6,934

7,174
7,083
7,062
7,072
6,931

Civilian labor force, women, 55 to 64 years




4,902
4,886
4,963
4,915
5,044

4,930
4,867
4,918
4,881
5,032

4,928
4,852
4,874
4,944
5,050

123

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1. Labor force by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status—Continued
(In thousands)
Year

January

February

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2,992
3,019
3,008
2,882
3,039

2,993
3,024
2,980
2,908
2,992

3,013
3,044
2,933
2,974
3,007

3,031
3,030
2,916
2,925
3,003

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,838
1,831
1,814
1,706
1,849

1,842
1,824
1,798
1,728
1,821

1,860
1,856
1,756
1,789
1,828

1,872
1,850
1,735
1.743
1,824

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,154
1,188
1,194
1,176
1,190

1,151
1,200
1,182
1,180
1,171

1,153
1,188
1,177
1.185
1,179

1,159
1,180
1,181
1,182
1,179

1,237
1,203
1,168
1,157
1,191

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

95,278
96,209
97,734
99,377
100,993

95,575
96,143
98,029
99,571
101,178

95,713
96,120
98,195
99,838
101,208

95,994
96,317
98,323
99,731
101,237

96,427
96,407
98,739
99,773
101,531

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

54,888
54,886
55,805
56,283
57,004

54,996
55,015
55,884
56,284
57,088

55,006
55,039
55,978
56,363
57,031

55,116
55,157
55,931
56,422
56,999

55,344
55,284
55,983
56,482
57,091

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

40,390
41,323
41,929
43,094
43,989

40,579
41,128
42,145
43,287
44,090

40,707
41,081
42,217
43,475
44,177

40,878
41,160
42,392
43,309
44,238

41,083
41,123
42,756
43,291
44,440

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7,661
7,342
7,041
6,977
6,711

7,641
7,226
7,042
6,982
6,890

7,559
7,214
7,054
6,975
6,850

7,660
7,133
7,006
6,862
6,903

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,067
3,816
3,617
3,645
3,446

4,032
3,804
3,643
3,616
3,550

4,001
3,775
3,701
3,633
3,499

4,003
3,734
3,614
3,630
3,555

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3,594
3,526
3,424
3,332
3,265

3,609
3,422
3,399
3,366
3,340

3,558
3,439
3,353
3,342
3,351

3,657
3,399
3,392
3,232
3,348

March

April

June

May

July

August

September

October

November

December

Civilian labor force, both sexes, 65 years and over
3,124
3,004
2,935
2,885
3,019

3,103
2,999
2,862
2,880
3,080

3,042
3,029
2,884
2,846
3,055

2,994
3,049
2,920
2,881
3,025

3,054
3,148
2,968
2,892
2,977

2,968
3,054
2,961
2,924
2,907

3,009
3,066
2,922
2,915
3,001

3,024
3,018
2,903
2,969
3,029

1,828
1,874
1,793
1,776
1,743

1,787
1,832
1.760
1,787
1,732

1,836
1,865
1,726
1,778
1,806

1,848
1,806
1,705
1,806
1,859

1,201
1,186
1,170
1,125
1,243

1,226
1,274
1,175
1,116
1,234

1,181
1,222
1,201
1,137
1,175

1,173
1,201
1,196
1,137
1,195

1,176
1,212
1,198
1,163
1,170

96,295
97,581
98,268
99,740
102,122

96,519
97,597
98.520
100.222
102,158

96,512
97,478
98,655
100,523
102,297

96,667
97,705
98,673
100,467
102,455

96,689
97,839
99 108
100,617
102,503

55,171
55,749
55,891
56,405
57,166

55,310
55,658
56,153
56,547
57,334

55,356
55,666
56,111
56,757
57,340

55,328
55,759
56,172
56,657
57,587

55,255
55,782
56,325
56,625
57,651

41,124
41,832
42,377
43,335
44,956

41,209
41,939
42,367
43,675
44,824

41,156
41,812
42,544
43,766
44,957

41,339
41,946
42,501
43,810
44,868

41,434
42,057
42,783
43,992
44,852

7,438
7,147
6,918
6,778
6,884

7,488
7,059
6,867
6,856
6,942

7,450
7,069
6,813
6,809
6,900

7,352
7,137
6,927
6,812
6,817

3,846
3,749
3,575
3,498
3,607

3,885
3,710
3,569
3,585
3,583

3,870
3,707
3,585
3,501
3,572

3,844
3,723
3,635
3,519
3,479

3,592
3,398
3,343
3,280
3,277

3,603
3,349
3,298
3,271
3,359

3,580
3,362
3,228
3,308
3,328

3,508
3,414
3,292
3,293
3,338

Civilian labor force, men, 65 years and over
1,887
1,801
1,767
1,728
1,828

1,908
1,836
1,730
1,725
1,858

1,842
1,875
1,741
1,687
1,818

1,793
1,863
1,750
1,756
1,782

Civilian labor force, women, 65 years and over
1,195
1,163
1,132
1,155
1,222

1,200
1,154
1,143
1,159
1,237

Civilian labor force, white workers
96,216
97,315
98,817
99,547
101,946

96,322
97,207
98,689
99,702
102,015

Civilian labor force, white men
55,150
55,760
56,292
56,427
57,208

55,098
55,706
56,059
56,411
57,159

Civilian labor force, white women
41,066
41,555
42,525
43,120
44,738

41,224
41,501
42,630
43,291
44,856

Civilian labor force, white workers, 16 to 19 years
7,735
7,056
6,987
6,892
6,896

7,428
7,378
7,098
6,657
6,871

7,384
7,194
6,966
6,858
6,792

7,460
7,309
6,728
6,667
6,899

Civilian labor force, white men, 16 to 19 years
4,094
3,702
3,626
3,634
3,559

3,865
3,880
3,700
3,552
3,557

3,792
3,758
3,586
3,606
3,520

3,909
3,814
3,458
3,507
3,583

Civilian labor force, white women, 16 to 19 years

124




3,641
3,354
3,361
3,258
3,337

3,563
3,498
3,398
3,105
3,314

3,592
3,436
3,380
3,252
3,272

3,551
3,495
3,270
3,160
3,316

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1. Labor force by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status—Continued
(In thousands)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

87,617
88,867
90,693
92,400
94,282

87,934
88,917
90,987
92,589
94,288

88,154
88,906
91,141
92,863
94,358

88,334
89,184
91,317
92,869
94,334

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

50,821
51,070
52,188
52,638
53,558

50,964
51,211
52,241
52,668
53,538

51,005
51,264
52,277
52,730
53,532

51,113
51,423
52,317
52,792
53,444

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

36,796
37,797
38,505
39,762
40,724

36,970
37,706
38,746
39,921
40,750

37,149
37,642
38,864
40,133
40,826

37,221
37,761
39,000
40,077
40,890

37,442
37,769
39,395
40,033
41,103

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

11,245
11,624
11,730
12,326
12,561

11,249
11,588
11,905
12,323
12,572

11,237
11,558
11,846
12,276
12,634

11,186
11,586
11,843
12,325
12,687

11,271
11,599
11,939
12,322
12,721

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,745
5,931
6,038
6,185
6,357

5,782
5,886
6,126
6,211
6,345

5,767
5,882
6,085
6,155
6,378

5,756
5,925
6,027
6,176
6,382

5,773
5,929
6,093
6,181
6,428

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,500
5,693
5,692
6,141
6,204

5,467
5,702
5,779
6,112
6,227

5,470
5,676
5,761
6,121
6,256

5,430
5,661
5,816
6,149
6,305

5,498
5,670
5,846
6,141
6,293

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

839
816
775
901
899

864
789
810
900
914

843
773
769
888
933

781
806
818
890
930

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

441
440
410
480
467

459
419
424
457
479

451
423
430
462
476

428
418
438
472
478

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

398
376
365
421
432

405
370
386
443
435

392
350
339
426
457

353
388
380
418
452

Year

June

May

July

August

September

October

November

December

Civilian labor force, white workers, 20 years and over
88,692
89,351
91,752
92,881
94,635

88,788
89,937
91,719
92,890
95,075

88,938
90,013
91,723
92,844
95,223

89,081
90,450
91,602
93,444
95,274

89,024
90,419
91,788
93,667
95,355

89,217
90,636
91,860
93,658
95,555

89,337
90,702
92,181
93,805
95,686

51,464
51,909
52,578
53,049
53,727

51,471
51,956
52,542
53,172
53,757

51,458
52,052
52,587
53,156
54,015

51,411
52,059
52,690
53,106
54,172

37,617
38,541
39,024
40,395
41,547

37,553
38,463
39,246
40,495
41,598

37,759
38,584
39,273
40,502
41,540

37,926
38,643
39,491
40,699
41,514

11,367
11,728
12,211
12,354
12,553

11,423
11,728
12,100
12,393
12,652

11,445
11,569
12,195
12,405
12,720

11,503
11,624
12,266
12,455
12,719

11,561
11,677
12,293
12,559
12,707

5,798
6,033
6,180
6,259
6,323

5,841
5,988
6,141
6,275
6,349

5,863
5,920
6,188
6,274
6,376

5,920
5,986
6,177
6,245
6,360

5,924
5,975
6,210
6,295
6,385

5,569
5,695
6,031
6,095
6,230

5,582
5,740
5,959
6,118
6,303

5,582
5,649
6,007
6,131
6,344

5,583
5,638
6,089
6,210
6,359

5,637
5,702
6,083
6,264
6,322

844
804
860
868
874

830
777
864
909
879

836
801
856
886
842

841
799
857
904
853

442
422
451
475
443

441
413
451
488
444

439
430
453
460
426

440
414
456
482
438

402
382
409
393
431

389
364
413
421
435

397
371
403
426
416

401
385
401
422
415

88,835
90,272
91,540
93,073
95,223

Civilian labor force, white men, 20 years and over
51,250
51,582
52,357
52,848
53,532

51,285
51,880
52,592
52,875
53,651

51,306
51,948
52,473
52,805
53,639

51,262
51,935
52,433
52,898
53,583

Civilian labor force, white women, 20 years and ove r
37,503
38,057
39,127
40,015
41,424

37,632
38,065
39,250
40,039
41,584

37,573
38,337
39,107
40,175
41,640

Civilian labor force, black workers
11,217
11,727
11,965
12,274
12,712

11,310
11,736
12,093
12,359
12,611

Civilian labor force, black men
5,731
6,043
6,088
6,156
6,407

5,778
6,049
6,139
6,221
6,386

Civilian labor force, black women
5,486
5,684
5,877
6,118
6,305

5,532
5,687
5,954
6,138
6,225

Civilian labor force, black workers, 16 to 19 years
826
800
774
905
921

732
876
823
823
916

798
820
854
920
824

851
849
869
876
827

n

Civilian labor force, black men, 16 to 19 years
434
428
432
456
504

389
477
438
442
459

419
455
440
491
447

450
459
451
490
438

Civilian labor force, black women, 16 to 19 years




392
372
342
449
417

343
399
385
381
457

379
365
414
429
377

401
390
418
386
389

125

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1. Labor force by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status—Continued
(In thousands)
Year

January

February

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

10.406
10.808
10,955
11,425
11.662

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

March

April

10,385
10,799
11,095
11,423
11,658

10,394
10,785
11,077
11,388
11,701

10,405
10,780
11,025
11,435
11,757

5,304
5,491
5,628
5,705
5,890

5,323
5,467
5,702
5,754
5,866

5,316
5,459
5,655
5,693
5,902

5,328
5,507
5,589
5,704
5,904

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,102
5,317
5,327
5,720
5,772

5.062
5,332
5,393
5,669
5,792

5,078
5,326
5,422
5,695
5,799

5,077
5,273
5,436
5,731
5,853

5,106
5,298
5,504
5,692
5,876

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6,598
6,867
7,282
7,513
7,796

6,694
6,895
7,212
7,582
7,922

6,721
6,867
7,353
7,622
7,926

6.708
6,967
7,323
7,602
7,969

6,792
6,959
7,399
7,619
8,006

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

40,504
40,398
40,647
41,239
41,340

40,532
40,353
40,819
41,119
41,202

40,549
40,415
40,794
41,243
41,239

40,659
40,392
40.874
41,081
41,250

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

25,386
26,242
26,537
27,447
28,272

25,635
26,166
26,869
27,639
28,245

25,794
26,220
26,853
27,855
28,318

25,894
26,347
27,088
27,762
28,380

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,702
5,830
5,966
6,203
6,333

5,743
5,788
6,015
6,198
6,351

5,701
5,858
6,080
6,222
6,397

5,762
5,696
6,107
6,278
6,408

May

June

July

August

September

October

10.579
10.924
11.240
11,525
11,778

10,615
10,792
11,331
11,496
11,841

10,667
10,823
11,410
11,569
11,877

10,720
10,878
11,436
11,655
11,854

5,399
5,566
5,690
5,800
5,906

5,422
5,507
5,737
5,786
5,932

5,481
5,556
5,724
5,785
5,934

5,484
5,561
5,754
5.813
5,947

5,180
5,358
5,550
5,725
5,872

5,193
5,285
5,594
5,710
5,909

5,186
5,267
5,686
5,784
5,943

5,236
5,317
5,682
5,842
5,907

6,742
7,128
7,541
7,851
8,179

6,821
7,085
7,558
7,854
8,200

6,792
7,157
7,580
7,775
8,226

6,864
7,195
7,699
7,777
8,320

40,909
40,780
41.048
40,957
41,471

40,924
40,664
40,985
41,086
41,678

40,695
40,629
41,124
41,053
41,814

40,563
40,616
41,230
41,020
41,915

26,070
26,745
27,265
28,154
28,704

26,103
26,593
27,421
28,191
28,753

26,144
26,647
27,439
28,246
28,762

26,217
26.735
27,555
28,291
28,778

5,849
5,855
6,063
6,254
6,572

5,780
5,888
6,036
6,132
6,606

5,785
5,913
6,098
6.212
6,691

5,815
5,986
6,016
6,303
6,661

November

December

Civilian labor force, black workers, 20 years and ove r
10,445
10,799
11,165
11,417
11,800

10,485
10,851
11,142
11,451
11,796

10,512
10,916
11,239
11,439
11,787

10,516
10,879
11,342
11,478
11,726

Civilian labor force, black men, 20 years and over
5,339
5,501
5,661
5,725
5,924

5.342
5,566
5,650
5,714
5,948

5,359
5,594
5,699
5,730
5,939

5,348
5,574
5,729
5,769
5,885

Civilian labor force, black women, 20 years and ove
5,143
5,285
5,492
5,737
5,848

5,153
5,322
5,540
5,709
5,848

5,168
5,305
5,613
5,709
5,841

Civilian labor force, Hispanic-origin workers
6.683
7,059
7,460
7,649
8,085

6,677
7,014
7,463
7,705
8,121

6,749
7,123
7,505
7,805
8,130

Civilian labor force, married men, spouse present
40,754
40,353
40,895
40,834
41,419

40,904
40,605
40,928
40,806
41,475

40,881
40,791
41,043
40,877
41,472

40,888
40,969
40,988
40,868
41,464

Civilian labor force, married women, spouse present
26,093
26,296
27,372
27,690
28,543

26,231
26,440
27,282
27,734
28,842

26,048
26,415
27,273
27,826
28,988

26.051
26.695
27,346
27,831
28,866

Civilian labor force, women who maintain families

126




5,654
5,644
6,183
6.314
6,375

5,787
5,697
6,218
6,300
6,355

5,865
5,692
6,225
6,261
6,422

5,876
5,752
6,124
6,313
6,485

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
2. Labor force participation rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Percent)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

64.0
64.2
64.3
65.1
65.3

64.2
64.1
64.5
65.1
65.4

64.2
64.0
64.4
65.2
65.4

64.3
64.1
64.6
65.2
65.4

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

77 0
76.5
76.6
76.8
76.7

77.1
76.5
76.7
76.7
76.7

77 0
76.4
76.7
76.8
76.7

77 1
76.6
76.7
76.8
76.6

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

52.2
52.9
53.0
54.3
54.8

52.4
52.8
53.3
54.5
55.0

52.4
52.7
53.2
54.7
55.0

52.5
52.7
53.6
54.5
55.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

63.7
63.9
63.9
64.7
65.0

63.8
63.8
64.1
64.8
65.1

63.8
63.7
64.1
64.9
65.1

63.9
63.8
64.3
64.9
65.1

64.2
63.7
64.5
64.8
65.2

76.6
76.1
76 2
76.4
76.3

76.7
76.0
76.3
76.3
76.3

76.6
76.0
76.2
76.4
76.3

76.7
76.2
76.2
76.4
76.2

77.0
76.2
76.3
76.3
76.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

52.1
52.9
52.9
54.2
54.8

52.3
52.7
53.2
54.4
54.9

52 4
52.6
53.2
54.6
55.0

52.4
52.6
53.5
54.5
55.1

52.7
52.5
54.0
54.4
55.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

54.4
53.8
53.3
55.2
53.6

54.7
52.8
53.5
55.2
54.9

53.8
52.5
53.3
55.2
54.9

54.3
52.6
53.9
54.7
55.4

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

57.9
56.2
54.9
57.9
55.0

57.9
55.7
55.5
57.3
56.7

57.2
55.2
56.3
57.5
56.2

57.1
54.9
55.8
57.7
57.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

50.9
51.4
51.7
52.6
52.2

51.4
50.0
51.5
53.2
53.1

50.3
49.8
50.3
52.9
53.5

51.4
50.3
52.0
51.8
53.8

Year

May

June

July

August

October

November

December

64.4
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.7

64.5
64.5
64.8
65.2
65.8

64.5
64.5
65.0
65.3
65.7

77.2
76.7
76.8
76.8
76.6

77.2
76.9
76.8
76.7
76.8

77.0
76.8
76.9
76.5
76.7

52.9
53.4
53.6
54.7
55.6

52.8
53.1
53.8
54.7
55.7

52.9
53.1
53.8
54.8
55.6

53.0
53.2
54.0
55.0
55.4

64.1
64.3
64.4
64.9
65.3

64.1
64.0
64.4
64.9
65.4

64.2
64.1
64.5
64.9
65.4

64.1
64.2
64.6
64.9
65.3

76.7
76.5
76.4
76.3
76.2

76.7
76.3
76.3
76.4
76.1

76.7
76.5
76.4
76.2
76.4

76.5
76.4
76 5
76.1
76.3

52.8
53.3
53.5
54.6
55.5

52.7
53.0
53.7
54.6
55.6

52.9
53.1
53.7
54.7
55.5

53 0
53.2
53.9
54.9
55.4

54.0
53.7
54.3
54.1
54.8

54.4
53.0
53.9
54.6
55.0

54.7
53.6
53.9
54.4
54.5

53.9
54.0
54.7
54.4
53.8

56.0
56.5
56.2
56.0
57.1

56.7
55.7
56.0
57.1
56.7

57.2
56.5
56.7
55.9
56.3

56.3
56.3
57.3
56.2
54.9

52.1
51.0
52.5
52.1
52.4

52.1
50.2
51.9
52.2
53.3

52.2
50.6
51.1
52.8
52.6

51.4
51.6
52.1
52.6
52.8

September

Labor force participation rate, including resident Armed Forces, total
64.5
64.1
64.9
65.1
65.5

64.3
64.6
64.9
64.9
65.7

64.4
64.4
64.9
65.0
65.7

64.4
64.7
64.7
65.0
65.6

64.5
64.7
64.7
65.2
65.7

Labor force participation rate, including resident Armed Forces, men
77 4
76.6
76.7
76.8
76.7

76.9
77.1
77.0
76.5
76.7

76 9
77.1
76.8
76.6
76.6

77.0
77.1
76.7
76.6
76.5

77.1
77.0
76.9
76.7
76.7

Labor force participation rate, including resident Armed Forces, women
52.8
52.6
54.0
54.5
55.3

52.7
53.0
53.8
54.2
55.6

52.9
52.8
54.0
54.4
55.6

52.9
53.3
53.7
54.3
55.7

Civilian labor force participation rate, all civilian workers
63.9
64.2
64.5
64.5
65.4

64.0
64.1
64.6
64.7
65.4

64.1
64.3
64.4
64.6
65.3

Civilian labor force participation rate, men
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

....

76.5
76.7
76.5
76.1
76.3

76.5
76.7
76.4
76.2
76.2

76.6
76.7
76.3
76.1
76.1

Civilian labor force participation rate, women
52.7
53.0
53.7
54.1
55.5

52.8
52.8
53.9
54.3
55.5

52.8
53.2
53.6
54.2
55.6

Civilian labor force participation rate, both sexes, 16 to 19 years
55.3
52.2
53.8
55.0
55.2

52.5
54.9
54.8
52.4
54.8

53.2
53.8
54.6
55.2
54.5

54.2
55.0
53.2
53.5
54.8

Civilian labor force participation rate, men 16 to 19 years
58.6
54.9
55.9
57.5
57.2

54.5
57.6
56.9
55.4
56.1

54.5
56.6
56.0
57.5
56.3

57.0
57.6
54.9
56.4
57.0

Civilian labor force participation rate, women, 16 to 19 years




52.1
49.6
51.8
52.5
53.2

50.5
52.1
52.7
49.5
53.6

51.9
50.9
53.3
52.9
52.6

51.5
52.3
51.5
50.6
52.7

127

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
2. Labor force participation rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Percent)
Year

January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

64.6
64.8
64.9
65.6
66.0

64.8
64.8
65.1
65.6
66.0

64.9
64.8
65.1
65.8
66.0

64.9
64.9
65.2
65.8
66.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

78.6
78.1
78.3
78.1
78.3

78.7
78.2
78.3
78.1
78.2

78.7
78.2
78.2
78.1
78.2

78.8
78.3
78.3
78.2
78.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

52.2
53.0
53.0
54.4
55.0

52.4
53.0
53.4
54.5
55.1

52.5
52.9
53.4
54.7
55.1

52.5
52.9
53.6
54.7
55.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

76 8
77.1
77.0
78.2
78.6

77.0
77.4
76.9
78.1
79.4

77.3
76.9
77.2
77.9
79.1

77.2
76.9
77.5
78.1
78.6

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

84.9
84.6
84.6
85.0
85.7

85.1
84.6
84.4
84.8
86.7

85.2
83.7
84.9
84.4
86.5

84.9
84.2
85.5
84.9
85.6

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

69.1
70.0
69.8
71.8
71.8

69.3
70.5
69.8
71.7
72.5

69.9
70.4
69.9
71.7
72.1

70.0
69.9
69.8
71.7
72.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

62.7
63.0
63.1
63.8
64.3

62.9
63.0
63.4
63.9
64.2

63.0
63.0
63.3
64.1
64.2

63.0
63.0
63.4
64.0
64.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

77.6
77.1
77.3
77 1
77.3

77.7
77.2
77.4
77 1
77.0

77.7
77.3
77.2
77 3
77.1

77.8
77.5
77.2
77 2
77.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

49.7
50.5
50 6
51.9
52.7

49.9
50.4
51 0
52.1
52.7

50.0
50.3
51 1
52.4
52.8

49.9
50.3
51 3
52.3
52.9

May

June

July

August

October

November

December

65.1
65.3
65.3
65.8
66.3

65.0
65.1
65.4
65.8
66.3

65.1
65.1
65.4
65.8
66.4

65.1
65.1
65.5
65.9
66.3

78.9
78.6
78.4
78.2
78.0

78.8
78.4
78.3
78.2
77.9

78.8
78.5
78.3
78.1
78.2

78.7
78.4
78.3
78.0
78.3

52.7
53.2
53.9
54.8
55.8

52.9
53.3
53.9
54.9
55.8

53.1
53.3
54.1
55.1
55.6

77.0
77.4
77.4
78.5
79.2

77.1
77.1
77.7
78.8
78.8

77 5
77.1
78.0
78.6
79.0

77 6
76.6
77.9
78.8
79.2

84.9
84.7
85.3
85.3
86.2

85.2
84.5
84.6
85.2
85.7

85.4
84.7
85.3
85.7
86.2

85.1
84.1
84.9
85.4
86.5

69.5
70.4
69.9
72.0
72.6

69.4
69.9
71.1
72.8
72.3

70.1
69.9
71.1
71.9
72.2

70.5
69.5
71.2
72.6
72.3

63.3
63.5
63.5
64.1
64.5

63.2
63.3
63.6
64.0
64.6

63.2
63.4
63.6
64.1
64.7

63.2
63.4
63.7
64.1
64.6

78.0
77.6
77.3
77.1
76.9

77.8
77.4
77.2
77.1
76.8

77.7
77.5
77.2
77.1
77.2

77.6
77.4
77.3
76.9
77.2

50.3
50.9
51.5
52.4
53.7

50.4
50.9
51.5
52.6
53.6

50.6
51.0
51.7
52.8
53.4

September

Civilian labor force participation rate, both sexes, 20 years and over
65.1
64.8
65.5
65.7
66.1

65.1
65.1
65.4
65.6
66.3

65.1
65.1
65.5
65.5
66.3

65.0
65.2
65.4
65.6
66.2

Civilian labor force participation rate, men, i 10 years and over
78.9
78.3
78.3
78.1
78.0

78.8
78.7
78.4
78.1
78.1

78.8
78.7
78.4
77.9
78.1

78.7
78.6
78.3
78.0
77.9

Civilian labor force participation rate, women, 20 years and over
52.8
52.8
54.1
54.5
55.4

52.9
53.0
53.8
54.5
55.7

52.9
52.9
54.0
54.4
55.8

52.9
53.3
53.8
54.5
55.8

52.9
53.5
53.6
54.8
55.7

Civilian labor force participation rate, both sexes, 20 to 24 years
77.1
76.2
77.8
78.2
78.6

77.3
77.6
78.2
78.0
78.9

77.0
111
77.9
77.8
79.0

77.2
77.6
77.0
77.8
78.7

Civilian labor force participation rate, men , 20 to 24 years
84.7
83.7
84.8
85.3
84.8

84.5
86.2
86.4
84.9
85.2

84.8
85.8
84.8
84.3
85.8

84.7
85.7
84.4
84.6
85.1

Civilian labor force participation rate, women, 20 to 24 years
70.0
69.1
71.1
71.4
72.7

70.4
69.4
70.4
71.4
72.9

69.7
69.9
71.2
71.6
72.6

70.1
70.0
69.9
71.4
72.7

Civilian labor force participation rate, both sexes, 25 years and over
63.3
63.1
63.7
63.9
64.4

63.3
63.3
63.5
63.9
64.6

63.3
63.2
63.7
63.8
64.7

63.2
63.3
63.7
63.9
64.6

Civilian labor force participation rate, men, 25 years and over
78.1
77.5
77.2
77.0
77.0

78.0
77.5
77.2
77 0
77.1

77.8
77.6
77.4
77.0
77.0

77.7
77.5
77.4
77.1
76.9

Civilian labor force participation rate, women 25 years and over

128




50.3
50.4
51 7
52.2
53.1

50.3
50.7
51 5
52.2
53.5

50.5
50.5
51.6
52.2
53.7

50.3
50.8
51 5
52.2
53.6

50.4
51.1
51.3
52.5
53.5

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
2. Labor force participation rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Percent)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

79.4
79 8
80.1
81.3
81.8

79.6
79 6
80.3
81.3
81.7

79.6
79 7
80.4
81.4
81.7

79.6
79 9
80.6
81.5
81.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

93.8
93.4
93.7
94.0
94.0

93.9
93.3
93.8
94.0
93.8

93.9
93.6
93.8
93.9
93.8

94.0
93.8
93.8
94.1
93.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

65.7
66 9
67.2
69.1
70.1

66.0
66.6
67.5
69.2
70.0

66.0
66.6
67.8
69.6
70.2

66.0
66.8
68.0
69.6
70.4

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

80.7
81.0
81.4
82.4
82.6

80.9
80.8
81.5
82.4
82.6

80.9
80.9
81.5
82.4
82.8

80.9
81.2
81.6
82.5
82.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

94.5
93.7
94 1
94.7
94.9

94.8
93.8
94.0
94.8
94.7

94.6
94.0
94.0
94.5
94.7

95.0
94.2
94.1
94.9
94.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

67.6
68.9
69 1
70.6
70.8

67.6
68.4
69.5
70.5
70.9

67.7
68.3
69.4
70.8
71.3

67.5
68.7
69.6
70.8
71.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

81.0
81.5
81.7
82.9
83.3

81.2
81.4
82.3
82.7
83.3

81.0
81.5
82.2
83.0
83.3

80.9
81.4
82.3
82.9
83.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

95.2
94.8
95.4
95.3
94.9

95.3
94.8
95.8
95.0
94.8

95.3
95.1
95.6
95.1
94.6

95.2
95.1
95.5
95.1
94.6

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

67.7
68.8
68.6
71.2
72.2

68.0
68.8
69.5
71.0
72.3

67.4
68.6
69.6
71.5
72.5

67.5
68.5
69.8
71.3
72.6

Year

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

80.0
80.5
80.7
81.7
82.2

80.0
80.2
80.9
81.6
82.3

79.9
80.2
80.8
81.7
82.3

80.0
80.4
81.0
81.7
82.3

94.3
94.0
93.9
94.0
93.8

94.2
93.8
94.0
94.0
93.6

94.0
93.7
93.9
93.9
93.9

93.9
93.8
94.0
93.9
93.9

66.5
67.7
68.2
70.0
71.1

66.6
67.4
68.5
69.8
71.4

66.6
67.5
68.4
70.1
71.3

67.0
67.6
68.7
70.3
71.3

81.3
81.6
81.7
83.1
82.9

81.2
81.2
82.1
82.6
82.9

81.1
81.6
81.8
82.6
83.4

81.4
81.5
82.0
82.9
83.2

95.0
94.3
94.3
94.9
94.5

94.8
94.0
94 7
94.7
94.2

94.6
94.4
94 3
94.7
94.9

94.5
94.2
94 5
94.7
94.9

68.2
69.4
69.6
71.8
71.8

68.2
69.0
70 0
71.1
72.0

68.3
69.4
69 7
71.1
72.3

69.0
69.4
69 9
71.5
71.9

81.2
81.9
82.4
83.0
84.0

81.4
81.7
82.5
83.3
84.1

81.3
81.6
82.4
83.5
83.7

81.5
81.9
82.8
83.2
83.9

95.3
95.5
95.2
94.9
94.8

95.5
95.3
95.1
95.0
94.9

95.2
95.2
95.0
94.8
94.7

95.1
95.4
95.2
94.7
94.7

67.9
69.1
70.3
71.7
73.7

68.1
68.8
70.5
72.3
73.8

68.1
68.8
70.5
72.7
73.3

68.6
69.1
71.0
72.4
73.6

Civilian labor force participation rate, both sexes, 25 to 54 years
79.9
80.0
80.9
81.2
81.8

79.9
80.2
80.8
81.3
82.1

80.0
80 2
81.0
81.3
82.2

80.0
80.4
81.0
81.4
82.2

Civilian labor force participation rate, men , 25 to 54 years
94.3
93.9
93.8
93.8
93.6

94.2
94.0
93.9
93.8
93.9

94.1
93.9
94.0
93.8
93.8

94.1
94.0
94.1
93.9
93.8

Civilian labor force participation rate, women, 25 to 54 years
66.3
66.8
68.6
69.3
70.5

66.3
67.2
68.3
69.5
70.8

66.7
67.1
68.6
69.4
71.1

66.6
67.5
68.6
69.6
71.0

Civilian labor force participation rate, both sexes, 25 to 34 years
81.0
81.4
81.7
82.2
82.7

81.0
81.5
81.9
82.3
83.0

81.0
81.2
82.1
82.3
82.9

81.3
81.5
82.3
82.3
82.9

Civilian labor force participation rate, men , 25 to 34 years
95.0
94.5
94.0
94.6
94.3

94.9
94.5
94.2
94.5
94.6

94.8
94.1
94.5
94.5
94.4

94.9
94.3
94.7
94.6
94.5

Civilian labor force participation rate, women, 25 to 34 years
67.7
69.0
69.9
70.3
71.5

67.8
69.1
70.0
70.6
71.8

67.9
68.9
70.1
70.7
71.8

68.3
69.1
70.3
70.5
71.8

Civilian labor force participation rate, both sexes, 35 to 44 years
81.3
81.3
82.9
82.9
83.5

81.4
81.6
82.5
83.2
83.6

81.4
81.7
82.6
83.1
83.9

81.5
81.7
82.4
83.2
84.1

Civilian labor force participation rate, men , 35 to 44 years
95.6
95.3
95.7
95.1
94.5

95.5
95.4
95.5
95.1
94.8

^

95.4
95.5
95.4
95.1
94.9

95.5
95.3
95.0
95.0
94.9

Civilian labor force participation rate, women, 35 to 44 years




67.9
68.0
70.8
71.4
72.9

68.0
68.5
70.1
71.9
73.0

68.2
68.6
70.4
71.8
73.5

68.2
68.9
70.5
72.0
73.8

129

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
2. Labor force participation rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Percent)
Year

January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

75.1
75.4
75.8
76.9
78.0

75.4
75.2
75.7
77.4
77.7

75.7
75.5
76.1
77.5
77.7

75.6
75.7
76.4
77.6
77.6

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

91.1
90.8
90.7
91.0
91.0

90.8
90.7
90.8
91.2
91.0

91.0
90.9
90.9
91.3
91.0

90.9
91.2
90.9
91.2
91.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

60.3
61.0
61.8
63.8
65.7

61.1
60.8
61.6
64.4
65.2

61.5
61.2
62.4
64.7
65.2

61.4
61.3
62.9
64.9
65.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

31.8
31.6
31.0
30.4
30.3

31.6
31.5
31.0
30.4
29.9

31.9
31 4
30.8
30.8
30.1

32.0
31.3
30.9
30.5
30.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

43.8
43.2
42.4
41.0
40.9

43.6
43.1
42.2
41.0
40.3

44.0
43.1
41.9
41.6
40.6

44.1
43.2
41.8
41.2
40.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

22.5
22.7
22.2
22.1
22.0

22.3
22.6
22.4
22.2
21.9

22.6
22.4
22.3
22.4
21.9

22.7
22.2
22.4
22.2
21.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

54.7
54.8
54.2
54.1
53.8

54.3
54.7
54.4
54.1
53.3

55.0
54.3
54.2
54.7
53.6

55.2
54.3
54.5
54.3
53.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

70.0
69.5
68.9
67.9
67.1

69.6
69.5
68.8
67.8
66.3

70.2
69.1
68.4
68.4
67.0

70.5
69.4
68.6
68.2
67.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

41.4
41 9
41.3
41.8
41.9

41.0
41 7
41.8
41.9
41.8

41.7
41 4
41.7
42.5
41.8

41.8
41 1
42.1
42.1
41.8

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

76.1
76.8
76.6
77.4
78.3

76.2
76.5
76.6
77.2
78.5

76.1
76.0
77.0
77.4
78.3

75.8
76.2
77.0
77.6
78.4

91.7
91.7
91.2
91.2
91.1

91.7
91.3
91.1
91.2
90.8

91.5
90.7
91.7
91.1
90.8

91.2
91.0
91.6
91.0
90.8

61.7
62.9
63.0
64.6
66.4

61.7
62.7
63.1
64.1
66.9

61.8
62.3
63.3
64.5
66.6

61.4
62.5
63.4
65.1
66.8

32.3
31.5
30.7
30.1
29.9

31.7
31.4
30.5
30.3
29.9

31.8
31.3
30.4
30.1
30.0

31.7
31.3
30.6
30.1
29.9

44.1
43.0
42.0
41.0
39.9

43.5
42.8
41.4
41.0
40.1

43.6
43.1
41.3
40.9
40.4

43.4
42.7
41.4
40.6
40.7

22.6
22.5
22.0
21.9
21.9

22.7
22.3
22.1
21.7
21.9

22.6
22.5
22.2
21.9
21.5

55.8
54.4
54.2
54.0
54.0

55.1
54.6
53.8
54.2
54.3

55.2
54.6
54.0
53.9
54.3

54.9
54.7
54.4
53.8
54.0

71.2
69.2
68.7
67.8
67.3

70.5
69.4
68.1
67.9
67.7

70.1
69.6
68.3
67.7
67.7

69.8
69.5
68.8
67.1
67.9

42.4
41.4
41.6
41.7
42.3

41.7
41.7
41.3
42.1
42.4

42.1
41.4
41.6
41.7
42.4

41.8
41.8
41.8
42.0
41.7

Civilian labor force participation rate, both sexes, 45 to 54 years
76.2
75.6
76.5
77.1
77.8

76.0
76.2
76.7
76.9
78.2

76.5
76.3
76.9
76.9
78.2

75.8
76.8
76.9
77.3
77.9

Civilian labor force participation rate, men 45 to 54 years
91.4
91.0
90.8
90.5
91.1

91.3
91.2
91.3
90.8
91.1

91.3
91.5
91.2
90.8
91.0

91.2
91.8
91.6
91.1
90.9

Civilian labor force participation rate, women, 45 to 54 years
62.2
61.3
63.3
64.5
65.3

61.8
62.2
63.0
64.0
66.0

62.8
62.1
63.5
63.9
66.3

61.5
62.8
63.2
64.4
65.7

Civilian labor force participation rate, both sexes, 55 years and over

. .

32.1
31.2
30.8
30.4
30.1

32.2
31.4
30.7
30.4
30.5

32.0
31.3
30.6
30.1
30.3

31.9
31.2
30.6
30.3
30.3

Civilian labor force participation rate, men, 55 years and over
44.1
42.8
41.8
40.9
40.7

44.3
43.1
41.6
41.2
40.7

43.8
43.1
41.7
40.8
40.3

43.5
42.9
41.8
41.0
40.1

Civilian labor force participation rate, women, 55 years and over
22.9
22.3
22.4
22.2
21.9

22.8
22.4
22.3
22.0
22.5

22.9
22.2
22.1
21.8
22.5

22.9
22.3
22.0
21.9
22.6

23.1
22.6
22.1
21.7
22.1

Civilian labor force participation rate, both sexes, 55 to 64 years
55.0
54.2
54.4
54.2
54.0

55.2
54.6
54.4
54.3
54.5

55.2
54.4
54.2
54.1
54.4

55.2
54.2
54.1
54.3
54.5

Civilian labor force participation rate, men , 55 to 64 years
70.3
69.3
68.3
67.7
67.6

70.4
69.5
68.4
68.4
67.4

70.2
69.2
68.5
68.2
67.2

70.2
69.0
68.7
68.0
67.1

Civilian labor force participation rate, women, 55 to 64 years

.. ..

130



41.6
41 0
42.2
42.3
42.0

41.9
41 6
42.2
41.8
43.2

42.1
41 4
41.8
41.6
43.1

42.1
41.3
41.4
42.1
43.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
2. Labor force participation rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Percent)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

11.9
11.8
11.5
108
11.2

11.9
11.8
11.4
10.9
11.0

11.9
11.8
11.2
11.1
11.0

12.0
11.8
11.1
10.9
11.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

17.9
17.5
17.0
155
16.5

17.9
17.4
16.8
15.7
16.2

18.0
17.6
16.4
16.2
16.2

18.1
17.6
16.2
15.8
16.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7.8
7.8
7.7
7.5
7.4

7.7
7.9
7.6
7.5
7.3

7.7
7.8
7.6
7.5
7.3

7.8
7.7
7.6
7.5
7.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

64.0
64.1
64.3
64.9
65.2

64.2
64.0
64.5
65.0
65.3

64.2
63.9
64.5
65.1
65.3

64.3
64.0
64.6
65.0
65.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

77.4
76.7
77.0
77.0
77.0

77.5
76.8
77.0
77.0
77.0

77.4
76.7
77.0
77.0
76.9

77.5
76.8
77.0
77.0
76.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

51.9
52.6
52.8
53.9
54.5

52.1
52.3
53.0
54.1
54.6

52.1
52.2
53.1
54.3
54.7

52.3
52.3
53.3
54.0
54.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

57.8
57.1
57.0
58.2
56.6

57.8
56.4
57.2
58.3
58.1

57.2
56.5
57.5
58.4
57.8

58.2
55.9
57.3
57.6
58.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

61.1
59.1
58.3
60.5
57.8

60.8
59.0
58.7
60.1
59.5

60.3
58.7
59.8
60.5
58.7

60.6
58.2
58.6
60.6
59.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

54.4
55.1
55.6
55.9
55.3

54.8
53.7
55.6
56.6
56.6

54.0
54.2
55.1
56.3
56.8

55.7
53.7
56.0
54.5
56.7

Year

May

June

July

August

October

November

December

12.0
12.1
11.2
10.7
10.8

11.6
11.7
11.1
10.8
10.5

11.8
11.7
11.0
10.7
10.8

11.8
11.5
10.9
10.9
10.9

17.6
17.7
16.6
15.9
15.3

17.1
17.2
16.2
16.0
15.2

17.6
17.5
15.9
15.9
15.8

17.6
16.9
15.6
16.1
16.2

8.1
8.3
7.5
7.0
7.6

7.8
7.9
7.6
7.1
7.2

7.7
7.8
7.6
7.1
7.3

7.8
7.8
7.6
7.2
7.2

64.5
64.6
64.6
65.1
65.6

64.4
64.5
64.6
65.2
65.6

64.5
64.6
64.6
65.2
65.7

64.4
64.6
64.9
65.2
65.7

77.6
77.3
77.2
76.9
76.9

77.6
77.2
77.0
77.1
76.9

77.5
77.3
77.1
77.0
77.1

77.3
77.2
77.3
76.8
77.1

52.6
53.1
53.2
54.3
55.2

52.5
52.9
53.3
54.4
55.3

52.7
53.0
53.3
54.4
55.2

52.8
53.1
53.6
54.6
55.1

57.8
56.7
57.0
57.8
58.4

57.7
56.9
56.7
57.4
58.0

57.0
57.5
57.8
57.4
57.3

59.9
59.2
59.0
60.0
59.8

60.0
59.6
59.2
58.6
59.6

59.4
59.8
60.1
58.9
58.2

55.8
54.0
55.0
55.5
56.9

55.5
54.2
54.1
56.2
56.3

54.6
55.1
55.3
55.9
56.5

September

Civilian labor force participation rate, both sexc)s, 65 years and over
12.3
11.6
11.1
10.7
11.0

12.2
11.6
10.8
10.7
11.2

12.0
11.7
10.9
10.5
11.1

11.8
11.7
11.0
10.6
11.0

Civilian labor force participation rate, men, S5 years and over
18.2
17.1
16.4
15.6
16.1

18.4
17.4
16.1
15.6
16.4

17.8
17.7
16.1
15.2
16.0

17.3
17.6
16.2
15.8
15.7

Civilian labor force participation rate, women 65 years and over
8.3
7.9
7.5
7.3
7.4

8.0
7.6
7.2
7.3
7.6

8.0
7.5
7.3
7.3
7.7

8.0
7.7
7.5
7.1
7.7

Civilian labor force participation rate, white workers
64.6
64.0
64.9
65.0
65.4

64.4
64.5
64.9
64.8
65.6

64.4
64.4
64.8
64.9
65.6

64.4
64.6
64.5
64.8
65.6

Civilian labor force participation rate, white men

...

77.8
76.9
77.0
77.1
76.8

77.4
77.5
77.4
76.9
76.9

77.3
77.4
77.1
76.9
76.8

77.4
77.4
76.8
76.8
76.8

Civilian labor force participation rate, white women
52.6
52.2
53.8
54.0
54.9

52.5
52.7
53.4
53.7
55.2

52.7
52.6
53.6
53.9
55.3

52.6
53.0
53.2
53.9
55.4

Civilian labor force participation rate, white workers, 16 to 19 years
58.9
55.6
57.4
57.9
58.1

56.7
58.4
58.5
56.0
57.9

56.5
57.2
57.6
57.8
57.2

€7.3
58.3
55.7
56.2
58.1

57.3
57.2
57.4
57.1
57.9

Civilian labor force participation rate, white men, 16 to 19 years
62.2
58.0
59.1
60.8
59.5

58.9
61.1
60.8
59.3
59.5

57.9
59.6
59.0
60.4
58.9

59.9
60.5
57.0
58.7
59.9

59.1
59.7
59.0
58.6
60.3

Civilian labor force participation rate, white women, 16 to 19 years




55.7
53.1
55.8
55.1
56.6

54.5
55.6
56.3
52.6
56.2

55.1
54.7
56.2
55.2
55.5

54.7
56.0
54.5
53.6
56.2

55.5
54.7
55.8
55.7
55.5

131

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
2. Labor force participation rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Percent)
Year

January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

64.6
64.7
65.0
65.5
66.0

64.8
64.7
65.1
65.6
65.9

64.9
64.6
65.1
65.7
65.9

64.9
64.7
65.2
65.6
65.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

79.0
78.5
78.7
78.5
78.6

79.3
78.6
78.7
78.5
78.6

79.2
78.5
78.6
78.5
78.5

79.2
78.6
78.7
78.5
78.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

51.6
52.4
52.6
53.7
54.4

51.8
52.2
52.8
53.9
54.4

52.0
52.1
52.9
54.1
54.5

52.0
52.2
53.1
54.0
54.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

61 0
61.9
61.1
63.2
63.3

61 0
61.7
61.9
63.1
63.3

60.8
61.4
61.5
62.7
63.5

60.4
61.5
61.4
62.9
63.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

70.0
70 8
70.3
70.9
71.5

70.3
70 2
71.3
71.1
71.3

70.0
70.0
70.7
70.4
71.6

69.8
70.4
69.9
70.5
71.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

53.9
54.8
53.6
56.9
56.6

53.5
54.8
54.4
56.6
56.8

53.4
54.4
54.1
56.6
57.0

52.9
54.2
54.6
56.7
57.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

37 0
36.2
35.3
41.4
42.0

38 2
35.1
37.0
41.4
42.8

37 3
34.5
35.3
40.9
43.7

34 6
36.0
37.6
41.1
43.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

40.1
40.0
38.2
45.0
44.5

41.8
38 2
39.7
43.0
45.7

40.9
38.6
40.4
43.5
45.5

38.9
38 2
41.3
44.5
45.6

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

34.2
32.6
32.5
37.9
39.6

34.8
32.2
34 5
39.9
39.9

33.8
30.5
30.4
38.5
42.0

30.5
33.9
34.1
37.8
41.5

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

65.0
65.2
65.3
65.9
66.2

65.1
65.3
65.3
65.8
66.3

65.1
65.2
65.5
65.8
66.3

79.3
79.0
78.7
78.7
78.3

79.3
79.0
78.7
78.6
78.7

79.0
78.9
78.8
78.4
78.8

52.3
52.9
52.9
54.2
55.2

52.2
52.8
53.2
54.3
55.2

52.4
52.9
53.2
54.2
55.1

52.6
52.9
53.5
54.5
55.0

61.2
61.7
62.3
62.8
63.1

61 2
60.8
62.7
62.8
63.3

61 4
61.0
63.0
62.9
63.2

61 7
61.2
63.0
63 4
63.1

70.2
70.6
70.7
71.2
70.7

70.4
69 7
71.1
71.0
70.8

70.9
70 3
70.9
70.6
70.5

70.8
70 1
71.1
71.0
70.7

54.0
54.6
55.5
56.1
56.9

53.9
53.6
55.9
56.1
57.2

53.8
53.5
56.6
56.8
57.3

54.3
54.0
56.4
57.2
56.9

37 1
35.2
40.4
42.3
41.1

37.5
36.4
40.1
41.2
39.3

37.2
36.4
40.2
42.1
39.8

40.3
38.2
43.2
46.2
42.2

40.3
39.9
43.4
43.6
40.4

39.7
38.5
43.7
45.7
41.6

34.0
32.3
37.7
38.4
40.0

34.7
33.0
36.9
38.9
38.2

34.7
34.3
36.8
38.6
38.1

Civilian labor force participation rate, white workers, 20 years and over
65.2
64.8
65.5
65.6
66.0

65.1
65.1
65.4
65.6
66.3

65.2
65.0
65.4
65.5
66.3

65.1
65.2
65.2
65.6
66.3

65.2
65.3
65.2
65.8
66.2

Civilian labor force participation rate, white men, 20 years and over
79.4
78.7
78.7
78.5
78.4

79.3
79.0
78.9
78.5
78.5

79.3
79.1
78.8
78.3
78.4

79.1
79.0
78.7
78.4
78.2

79.4
79.0
78.8
78.6
78.4

Civilian labor force participation rate, white women, 20 years and over
52.3
52.1
53.6
53.9
54.8

52.3
52.5
53.2
53.8
55.1

52.4
52.4
53.3
53.8
55.3

52.4
52.7
53.1
53.9
55.4

Civilian labor force participation rate, black workers
60.8
61.4
61.9
62.8
63.8

60.4
62.0
61.9
62.5
63.6

60.8
62.0
62.5
62.8
63.0

61.0
61.8
63.0
62.7
62.7

Civilian labor force participation rate, black men
... .

69.9
70.4
70.6
70.5
71.9

69.2
71.6
70.4
70.1
71.6

69.7
71.5
70.9
70.7
71.2

69.8
71.3
71.3
71.1
70.5

Civilian labor force participation rate, black women
53.5
54.2
54.8
56.6
57.2

53.3
54.3
55.0
56.3
57.2

53.7
54.2
55.6
56.4
56.4

53.9
54.2
56.3
55.9
56.4

Civilian labor force participation rate, black workers, 16 to 19 years
36.6
35.8
35.7
41.9
43.2

32.5
39.3
38.1
38.1
42.9

35.5
36.9
39.6
42.7
38.7

37.9
38.3
40.4
40.7
38.8

37.6
36.4
40.1
40.3
40.9

Civilian labor force participation rate, black men, 16 to 19 years
39.5
39.2
40.8
43.1
48.1

35.4
43.7
41.5
41.7
43.8

38.2
41.8
41.8
46.5
42.7

41.1
42.3
43.0
46.4
41.8

40.4
39.1
43.0
44.9
42.2

Civilian labor force participation rate, black women, 16 to 19 years

132




33.9
32.6
30.8
40.7
38.4

29.7
35.0
34.8
34.6
42.1

32.9
32.1
37.5
39.0
34.8

34.9
34.4
38.0
35.2
35.9

35.0
33.8
37.2
35.9
39.7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
2. Labor force participation rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Percent)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983 ...
1984
1985
1986

64.4
65.4
64.4
65.9
65.9

64.1
65 3
65.1
65.8
65.8

64.1
65.0
64.9
65.4
65.9

64.0
64.9
64.5
65.6
66.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

74.6
75.5
74.9
74.5
75.2

74.7
75.0
75.7
75.0
74.7

74.5
74.8
75.0
74.1
75.1

74.5
75.2
74.0
74.1
75.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

56.4
57.5
56.1
59.1
58.5

55.8
57.6
56.7
58.4
58.6

55.9
57.4
56.9
58.6
58.6

55.8
56.7
57.0
58.9
59.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

63.6
63.4
64.6
64.1
64.2

64.3
63.5
63.8
64.5
65.0

64.3
63.0
64.8
64.7
64.9

64.0
63.7
64.3
64.3
65.0

Year

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

64.5
64.2
65.5
65.3
66.0

64.7
64.2
65.8
65.6
66.1

65.1
64.4
65.8
66.0
65.8

74.9
74.3
74.9
74.4
74.6

75.5
74.7
74.6
74.2
74.5

75.6
74.6
74.8
74.4
74.5

56.3
57.1
57.6
58.3
58.8

56.4
56.2
58.0
58.1
59.1

56.2
55.9
58.8
58.7
59.3

56.8
56.3
58.6
59.2
58.9

63.2
64.1
65.2
65.4
65.8

63.7
63.5
65.1
65.2
65.8

63.2
63.9
65.1
64.4
65.8

63.6
64.0
65.9
64.2
66.3

Civilian labor force participation rate, black workers, 20 years and over
64.1
64.9
65.2
65.4
66.3

64.3
65.1
64.9
65.5
66.1

64.3
65.3
65.3
65.3
66.0

64.2
65.0
65.8
65.4
65.5

64.4
65.1
65.1
65.6
65.7

Civilian labor force participation rate, black men, 20 years and over
74.5
75.0
74.8
74.2
75.1

74.4
75.7
74.4
74.0
75.3

74.5
75.9
74.9
74.1
75.0

74.2
75.5
75.2
74.4
74.2

74.8
75.2
74.5
74.7
74.4

Civilian labor force participation rate, black women, 20 years and over
56.0
56.9
57.6
58.4
59.2

56.3
56.7
57.3
58.8
58.8

56.3
56.9
57.7
58.4
58.8

56.3
56.6
58.4
58.3
58.6

Civilian labor force participation rate, Hispanic-origin workers




64.5
63.4
64.8
64.2
65.1

63.3
64.1
65.1
64.3
65.6

63.0
63.5
64.9
64.6
65.7

63.5
64.3
65.1
65.2
65.6

133

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
3. Employed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status
(In thousands)
Year

January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

101,348
100,835
104,885
107,988
110,583

101,426
100,776
105,540
108,308
110,248

101,343
100,853
105,650
108,666
110,500

101,244
101,244
106,067
108,651
110,664

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

58,192
57,328
59,769
61,119
62,392

58,237
57,256
60,077
61,144
62,142

58,073
57,346
60,177
61,342
62,221

58,039
57,544
60,252
61,370
62,253

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

43,156
43,507
45,116
46,869
48,191

43,189
43,520
45,463
47,164
48,106

43,270
43,507
45,473
47,324
48,279

43,205
43,700
45,815
47,281
48,411

43,488
43,666
46,350
47,193
48,651

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

99,692
99,168
103,199
106,291
108,892

99,762
99,112
103,856
106,605
108,557

99,672
99,189
103,964
106,965
108,807

99,576
99,573
104,374
106,949
108,969

100,116
99,671
105,219
106,995
109,165

99,543
100,573
105,545
106,541
109,613

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

56,672
55,797
58,227
59,570
60,853

56,710
55,728
58,537
59,590
60,603

56,541
55,818
58,635
59,789
60,681

56,510
56,014
58,704
59,817
60,712

56,766
56,146
59,014
59,951
60,668

56,171
56,850
59,397
59,629
60,793

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

43,020
43,371
44,972
46,721
48,039

43,052
43,384
45,319
47,015
47,954

43,131
43,371
45,329
47,176
48,126

43,066
43,559
45,670
47,132
48,257

43.350
43,525
46,205
47,044
48,497

43,372
43,723
46,148
46,912
48,820

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6,768
6,420
6,431
6,553
6,341

6,731
6,318
6,443
6,584
6,441

6,682
6,202
6,355
6,574
6,485

6,647
6,208
6,448
6,554
6,483

6,761
6.187
6,463
6,494
6,492

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3,569
3,311
3,266
3,417
3,254

3,538
3,272
3,328
3,371
3,307

3,487
3,191
3,344
3,420
3,293

3,429
3,199
3,319
3,431
3,320

3,532
3,213
3,341
3.385
3,330

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3,199
3,109
3,165
3,136
3,087

3,193
3,046
3,115
3,213
3,134

3,195
3,011
3,011
3,154
3,192

3,218
3,009
3.129
3,123
3.163

3,229
2,974
3,122
3,109
3,162

May

June

July

October

November

December

101,174
103,719
107,188
109,334
111,703

100,883
103,744
107,351
109,492
111,941

100,772
104,405
107,666
109,680
112,183

100,697
104,668
107,898
109,847
112,387

57,575
58,860
60.979
61,696
62,528

57,471
58,985
61.035
61.704
62,565

57,363
59,429
61,183
61,759
62,833

57,302
59,578
61,211
61,762
62,986

43,610
44,586
46,106
47,339
49,281

43,599
44,859
46,209
47,638
49,175

43,412
44,759
46,316
47.788
49,376

43,409
44,976
46,483
47,920
49,350

43,395
45,090
46,687
48,085
49,401

99,633
101,597
105,164
107,136
110,067

99,504
102,024
105,468
107,602
109,987

99,215
102,049
105,646
107,792
110,192

99,112
102,720
105,967
107,978
110,432

99,032
102,980
106,200
108,149
110,637

56,161
57,155
59,207
59,949
60,942

56,049
57,311
59,408
60,116
60,968

55,947
57,442
59,478
60,153
60,975

55,847
57,895
59,631
60,207
61,241

55,773
58,041
59,661
60,213
61,393

43,472
44,442
45,957
47,187
49,125

43,455
44,713
46,060
47,486
49,019

43,268
44,607
46,168
47,639
49,217

43,265
44,825
46,336
47,771
49,191

43,259
44,939
46,539
47,936
49,244

6,500
6,444
6,335
6,362
6,526

6,469
6,386
6,430
6,415
6,475

6,486
6,302
6,415
6,325
6,577

6,464
6,439
6,459
6,425
6,482

6,371
6,494
6,465
6,378
6,478

3,364
3,323
3,272
3,295
3,357

3,289
3,325
3,315
3,287
3.361

3,323
3,294
3,295
3,237
3,380

3,310
3,398
3,360
3,265
3,358

3,276
3,381
3.369
3,285
3,292

3,136
3.121
3,063
3.067
3,169

3,180
3,061
3,115
3,128
3,114

3,163
3,008
3,120
3,088
3,197

3,154 \
3,041
3,099
3,160
3,124

3,095
3,113
3,096
3,093
3,186

August

September

Total employed, including resident Armed Forces, total
101,781
101,340
106,909
108,700
110,852

101,207
102,241
107,235
108,243
111,293

101,167
102,880
107,144
108,546
111,559

101.322
103,279
106,876
108,862
111,764

Total employed, including resident Armed Forces, men
58,293
57,674
60,559
61,507
62,201

57,697
58,375
60.942
61,181
62,318

57,650
58,668
60.764
61,315
62,402

57,712
58,693
60,770
61,523
62,483

Total employed, including resident Armed Forces, women
43,510
43,866
46,293
47,062
48,975

43,517
44,212
46,380
47,231
49,157

Employed, all civilian workers
99,493
101,216
105,446
106,842
109,887

Employed men
56,113
57,147
59,213
59,761
60,884

Employed women
43,380
44,069
46,233
47,081
49,003

Employed both sexes, 16 to 19 years
6,391
6,371
6,599
6,194
6,434

6,369
6.336
6,537
6,405
6,474

Employed men , 16 to 19 years
3,238
3,350
3,411
3,265
3,271

3,217
3,316
3,289
3,310
3,340

Employed women, 16 to 19 years

134




3,153
3,021
3,188
2,929
3,163

3,152
3,020
3,248
3,095
3,134

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
3. Employed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status—Continued
(In thousands)
June

January

February

March

April

May

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

92,924
92,748
96,768
99,738
102,551

93,031
92,794
97,413
100,021
102,116

92,990
92,987
97,609
100,391
102,322

92,929
93,365
97,926
100,395
102,486

93,355
93,484
98,756
100,501
102,673

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

53,103
52,486
54,961
56,153
57,599

53,172
52,456
55,209
56,219
57,296

53,054
52,627
55,291
56,369
57,388

53,081
52,815
55,385
56,386
57,392

53,234
52,933
55,673
56,566
57,338

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

39,821
40,262
41,807
43,585
44,952

39,859
40,338
42,204
43,802
44,820

39,936
40,360
42,318
44,022
44,934

39,848
40,550
42,541
44,009
45,094

40,121
40,551
43,083
43,935
45,335

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

13,857
13,495
14,006
14,143
13,947

13,819
13,519
14,117
14,062
14,009

13,831
13,519
14,146
13,989
13,933

13,758
13,551
14,130
14,055
13,815

13,794
13,445
14,313
14,000
13,719

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7,335
7,074
7,453
7,422
7,386

7,318
7,071
7,524
7,369
7,428

7,278
7,067
7,565
7,319
7,368

7,236
7,094
7,573
7,396
7,256

7,259
7,042
7,629
7,369
7,166

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6,522
6,421
6,553
6,721
6,561

6,501
6,448
6,593
6,693
6,581

6,553
6,452
6,581
6,670
6,565

6,522
6,457
6,557
6,659
6,559

6,535
6,403
6,684
6,631
6,553

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

79,053
79,238
82,739
85,574
88,573

79,199
79,279
83,307
85,970
88,119

79,180
79,494
83,507
86,437
88,422

79,136
79,784
83,780
86,326
88,650

79,571
80,028
84,422
86,469
88,916

1982
1983 . ..
1984
1985
1986

45,753
45,399
47,488
48,714
50,193

45,844
45,396
47,707
48,875
49,899

45,799
45,585
47,768
49,083
50,057

45,838
45,728
47,831
49,005
50,142

45,992
45,891
48,034
49,178
50,152

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

33,300
33,839
35,251
36,860
38,380

33,355
33,883
35,600
37,095
38,220

33,381
33,909
35,739
37,354
38,365

33,298
34,056
35,949
37,321
38,508

33,579
34,137
36,388
37,291
38,764

Year

July

October

November

December

93,035
95,638
99,038
101,187
103,512

92,729
95,747
99,231
101,467
103,615

92,648
96,281
99,508
101,553
103,950

92,661
96,486
99,735
101,771
104,159

52,760
53,986
56,093
56,829
57,607

52,624
54,148
56,183
56,916
57,595

52,537
54,497
56,271
56,942
57,883

52,497
54,660
56,292
56,928
58,101

40,275
41,652
42,945
44,358
45,905

40,105
41,599
43,048
44,551
46,020

40,111
41,784
43,237
44,611
46,067

40,164
41,826
43,443
44,843
46,058

13,647
13,832
14,037
13,908
13,755

13,578
13,867
14,170
13,972
13,688

13,518
13,814
14,240
13,977
13,686

13,496
13,921
14,293
13,866
13,719

13,546
13,917
14,224
13,955
13,615

7,165
7,327
7,479
7,328
7,210

7,104
7,308
7,548
7,359
7,167

7,111
7,281
7,569
7,286
7,207

7,076
7,385
7,612
7,307
7,188

7,090
7,379
7,532
7,320
7,157

6,482
6,505
6,558
6,580
6,545

6,474
6,559
6,622
6,613
6,521

6,407
6,533
6;671
6,691
6,479

6,420
6,536
6,681
6,559
6,531

6,456
6,538
6,692
6,635
6,458

79,446
81,757
84,854
87,195
89,796

79,210
81,922
84,977
87,466
89,899

79,139
82,360
85,217
87,686
90,221

79,103
82,544
85,489
87,804
90,524

45,647
46,667
48,538
49,456
50,419

45,494
46,839
48,582
49,590
50,348

45,458
47,122
48,671
49,646
50,705

45,384
47,255
48,746
49,604
50,943

33,799
35,090
36,316
37,739
39,377

33,716
35,083
36,395
37,876
39,551

33,681
35,238
36,546
38,040
39,516

33,719
35,289
36,743
38,200
39,581

August

September

Employed both sexes, 20 years and over
93,152
94,202
98,946
100,347
103,179

93,124
94,880
98,909
100,437
103,413

93,133
95,153
98,829
100,774
103,541

Employed men, <
20 years and over
52,933
53,500
55,986
56,364
57,522

52,896
53,831
55,924
56,451
57,544

52,797
53,832
55,935
56,654
57,585

Employed women 20 years and over
40,219
40,702
42,960
43,983
45,657

40,228
41,049
42,985
43,986
45,869

40,336
41,321
42,894
44,120
45,956

Employed both sexes, 20 to 24 years
13,749
13,794
14,464
13,953
13,816

13,687
13,936
14,318
13,913
13,794

Employed men 20 to 24 years
7,199
7,362
7,755
7,328
7,238

7,204
7,353
7,596
7,283
7,250

Employed women, 20 to 24 years
6,550
6,432
6,709
6,625
6,578

6,483
6,583
6,722
6,630
6,544

Employed both sexes, 25 years and over
79,444
80,433
84,488
86,411
89,387

79,483
80,995
84,647
86,620
89,730

s79,478
81,295
84,767
86,849
89,792

Employed men, i 15 years and over
45,765
46,143
48,213
49,018
50,267

45,702
46,485
48,330
49,193
50,321

45,637
46,500
48,454
49,332
50,393

Employed women, 25 years and over




33,679
34,290
36,275
37,393
39,120

33,781
34,510
36,317
37,427
39,409

33,841
34,795
36,313
37,517
39,399

135

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
3. Employed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status—Continued
(In thousands)
Year

January

February

March

April

June

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

64,764
65,033
68,511
71,363
74,238

64,951
65,028
68,930
71,606
73,926

64,815
65,293
69,255
71,921
74,164

64,819
65,706
69,539
72,020
74,398

65,051
65,816
70,071
72,107
74,464

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

37,190
36,987
39,031
40,316
41,701

37,283
36,958
39,210
40,419
41,542

37,198
37,146
39,368
40,504
41,626

37,234
37,333
39,449
40,551
41,720

37,306
37,460
39,602
40,731
41,637

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

27,574
28,046
29,480
31,047
32,537

27,668
28,070
29,720
31,187
32,384

27,617
28,147
29,887
31,417
32,538

27,585
28,373
30,090
31,469
32,678

27,745
28,356
30,469
31,376
32,827

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

28,289
28,101
29,663
30,805
32,039

28,338
28,097 .
29,807
30,883
31,812

28,226
28,102
29,894
31,016
31,963

28,146
28,432
30,054
31,011
32,033

28,170
28,586
30,272
31,012
31,992

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

16,137
15,847
16,771
17,370
18,149

16,166
15,843
16,827
17,408
18,014

16,095
15,840
16,929
17,439
18,051

16,096
16,003
16,997
17,471
18,030

16,115
16,101
17,073
17,538
17,929

1982 .
1983
1984
1985
1986

12,152
12,254
12,892
13,435
13,890

12,172
12,254
12,980
13,475
13,798

12,131
12,262
12,965
13,577
13,912

12,050
12,429
13,057
13,540
14,003

12,055
12,485
13,199
13,474
14,063

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

20,538
21,285
22,888
24,203
25,370

20,647
21,354
23,162
24,269
25,323

20,624
21,525
23,257
24,414
25,429

20,710
21,624
23,324
24,506
25,557

20,839
21,604
23,632
24,581
25,651

1982
1983 ..,
1984
1985
1986

11,729
12,045
13,023
13,593
14,044

11,820
12,093
13,132
13,610
14,011

11,815
12,225
13,167
13,651
14,077

11,865
12,253
13,163
13,686
14,169

11,918
12,295
13,262
13,768
14,174

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8,809
9,240
9,865
10,610
11,326

8,827
9,261
10,030
10,659
11,312

8,809
9,300
10,090
10,763
11,352

8,845
9,371
10,161
10,820
11,388

8,921
9,309
10,370
10,813
11,477

May

July

August

September

October

November

December

Employed both sexes, 25 to 54 years
65,026
66,285
70,359
72,173
74,894

65,113
66,758
70,405
72,408
75,207

65,169
67,101
70,620
72,617
75,405

64,967
67,432
70,617
72,988
75,582

64,967
67,588
70,869
73,145
75,714

64,857
67,993
71,032
73,408
75,889

64,918
68,255
71,260
73,612
76,247

37,164
38,047
40,069
40,854
42,050

37,048
38,202
40,126
41,002
42,124

37,027
38,357
40,240
41,121
42,049

36,976
38,569
40,318
41,180
42,278

36,944
38,810
40,385
41,227
42,485

27,919
29,230
30,491
31,986
33,458

27,940
29,231
30,629
32,024
33,665

27,881
29,424
30,714
32,228
33,611

27,974
29,445
30,875
32,385
33,762

28,223
28,954
30,675
31,238
32,349

28,058
29,102
30,642
31,540
32,362

28,058
29,160
30,754
31,480
32,311

28,053
29,434
30,683
31,482
32,524

28,100
29,516
30,760
31,632
32,542

15,993
16,302
17,369
17,580
18,150

15,900
16,380
17,402
17,653
18,143

15,880
16,466
17,436
17,720
18,025

15,884
16,609
17,371
17,715
18,230

15,838
16,703
17,377
17,753
18,270

12,230
12,652
13,306
13,658
14,199

12,158
12,722
13,240
13,887
14,219

12,178
12,694
13,318
13,760
14,286

12,169
12,825
13,312
13,767
14,294

12,262
12,813
13,383
13,879
14,272

21,049
22,179
23,651
24,837
26,121

21,049
22,301
23,778
24,907
26,185

21,068
22,431
23,888
25,136
26,241

21,007
22,602
24,063
25,286
26,224

21,070
22,776
24,214
25,290
26,468

11,963
12,550
13,280
13,875
14,341

11,966
12,604
13,386
13,924
14,406

11,970
12,689
13,456
13,985
14,418

11,935
12,804
13,557
14,006
14,452

11,960
12,923
13,650
13,992
14,564

9,086
9,629
10,371
10,962
11,780

9,083
9,697
10,392
10,983
11,779

9,098
9,742
10,432
11,151
11,823

9,072
9,798
10,506
11,280
11,772

9,110
9,853
10,564
11,298
11,904

Employed men 25 to 54 years
37,160
37,730
39,887
40,603
41,853

37,123
37,971
39,915
40,791
41,884

Employed women, 25 to 54 years
27,866
28,555
30,472
31,570
33,041

27,990
28,787
30,490
31,617
33,323

28,005
29,054
30,551
31,763
33,355

Employed both sexes, 25 to 34 years
28,050
28,682
30,467
31,122
32,250

28,060
28,866
30,491
31,270
32,244

Employed men 25 to 34 years
15,965
16,197
17,199
17,520
18,092

15,953
16,284
17,239
17,609
18,035

Employed women, 25 to 34 years
12,085
12,485
13,268
13,602
14,158

12,107
12,582
13,252
13,661
14,209

Employed both sexes, 35 to 44 years
20,939
21,814
23,616
24,614
25,755

21,006
21,996
23,675
24,705
25,978

Employed men , 35 to 44 years
11,927
12,412
13,302
13,700
14,215

11,954
12,500
13,316
13,790
14,308

Employed women, 35 to 44 years

136




9,012
9,402
10,314
10,914
11,540

9,052
9,496
10,359
10,915
11,670

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
3. Employed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status—Continued
(In thousands)
January

February

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

15,937
15,647
15,960
16,355
16,829

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

June

March

April

May

15,966
15,577
15,961
16,454
16,791

15,965
15,666
16,104
16,491
16,772

15,963
15,650
16,161
16,503
16,808

16,042
15,626
16,167
16,514
16,821

9,324
9,095
9,237
9,353
9,508

9,297
9,022
9,251
9,401
9,517

9,288
9,081
9,272
9,414
9,498

9,273
9,077
9,289
9,394
9,521

9,273
9,064
9,267
9,425
9,534

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6,613
6,552
6,723
7,002
7,321

6,669
6,555
6,710
7,053
7,274

6,677
6,585
6,832
7,077
7,274

6,690
6,573
6,872
7,109
7,287

6,769
6,562
6,900
7,089
7,287

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

14,319
14,234
14,248
14,227
14,336

14,205
14,198
14,314
14,298
14,131

14,339
14,173
14,236
14,496
14,230

14,351
14,110
14,274
14,331
14,266

14,425
14,111
14,246
14,258
14,352

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8,587
8,427
8,463
8,389
8,480

8,539
8,413
8,461
8,421
8,329

8,593
8,421
8,385
8,565
8,411

8,607
8,394
8,386
8,459
8,426

8,630
8,372
8,373
8,394
8,462

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,732
5,807
5,785
5,838
5,856

5,666
5,785
5,853
5,877
5,802

5,746
5,752
5,851
5,931
5,819

5,744
5,716
5,888
5,872
5,840

5,795
5,739
5,873
5,864
5,890

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

11,407
11,338
11,340
11,447
11,385

11,299
11,297
11,429
11,474
11,245

11,426
11,226
11,398
11,620
11,332

11,432
11,192
11,457
11,500
11,338

11,419
11,228
11,431
11,461
11,420

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6,800
6,677
6,704
6,747
6,679

6,751
6,675
6,711
6,744
6,571

6,803
6,632
6,677
6,835
6,646

6,809
6,620
6,705
6,767
6,652

6,809
6,652
6,683
6,713
6,693

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,607
4,661
4,636
4,700
4,706

4,548
4,622
4,718
4,730
4,674

4,623
4,594
4,721
4,785
4,686

4,623
4,572
4,752
4,733
4,686

4,610
4,576
4,748
4,748
4,727

Year

July

August

September

October

November

December

Employed both sexes, 45 to 54 years
16,037
15,789
16,276
16,437
16,889

15,897
15,968
16,294
16,542
16,935

15,860
16,029
16,197
16,541
17,035

15,841
15,997
16,227
16,529
17,162

15,797
15,957
16,286
16,640
17,141

15,748
15,963
16,286
16,690
17,237

9,208
9,195
9,420
9,399
9,559

9,182
9,218
9,338
9,425
9,575

9,177
9,202
9,348
9,416
9,606

9,157
9,156
9,390
9,459
9,596

9,146
9,184
9,358
9,482
9,651

6,689
6,773
6,874
7,143
7,376

6,678
6,811
6,859
7,116
7,460

6,664
6,795
6,879
7,113
7,556

6,640
6,801
6,896
7,181
7,545

6,602
6,779
6,928
7,208
7,586

14,518
14,365
14,282
14,243
14,269

14,251
14,347
14,129
14,351
14,223

14,286
14,364
14,185
14,288
14,341

14,217
14,336
14,279
14,271
14,349

8,631
8,497
8,448
8,477
8,323

8,476
8,500
8,366
8,496
8,329

8,487
8,550
8,346
8,462
8,428

8,456
8,476
8,390
8,428
8,507

5,887
5,868
5,834
5,766
5,946

5,775
5,847
5,763
5,855
5,894

5,799
5,814
5,839
5,826
5,913

5,761
5,860
5,889
5,843
5,842

11,440
11,295
11,369
11,490
11,507

11,583
11,354
11,412
11,430
11,383

11,401
11,379
11,264
11,518
11,406

11,406
11,396
11,363
11,465
11,426

11,323
11,436
11,458
11,396
11,405

6,753
6,680
6,709
6,779
6,632

6,882
6,703
6,710
6,747
6,636

6,768
6,713
6,655
6,765
6,658

6,737
6,743
6,674
6,743
6,677

6,692
6,740
6,733
6,678
6,697

4,687
4,615
4,660
4,711
4,875

4,701
4,651
4,702
4,683
4,747

4,633
4,666
4,609
4,753
4,748

4,669
4,653
4,689
4,722
4,749

4,631
4,696
4,725
4,718
4,708

16,047
15,896
16,239
16,433
16,985

Employed men , 45 to 54 years
9,268
9,121
9,386
9,383
9,546

9,216
9,187
9,360
9,392
9,541

Employed women, 45 to 54 years
6,769
6,668
6,890
7,054
7,343

6,831
6,709
6,879
7,041
7,444

Employed both sexes, 55 years and over
14,364
14,221
14,197
14,145
14,447

14,422
14,178
14,165
14,253
14,501

14,319
14,232
14,186
14,278
14,445

Employed men, 55 years and over
8,641
8,458
8,370
8,444
8,441

n

8,560
8,491
8,381
8,358
8,402

8,471
8,467
8,402
8,492
8,357

Employed women, 55 years and over
5,781
5,720
5,795
5,809
6,060

5,804
5,730
5,816
5,787
6,045

5,848
5,765
5,784
5,786
6,088

Employed both sexes, 55 to 64 years
11,399
11,298
11,399
11,466
11,520

11,417
11,318
11,398
11,410
11,486

Employed men , 55 to 64 ye<ars
6,779
6,699
6,683
6,774
6,655

6,779
6,693
6,684
6,742
6,647

Employed women, 55 to 64 years




4,620
4,599
4,716
4,692
4,865

4,638
4,625
4,714
4,668
4,839

137

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
3. Employed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status—Continued
(In thousands)
Year

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Employed both sexes, 65 years and over
1982 ...
1983
1984
1985
1986

2,912
2,896
2,908
2,780
2,951

2,906
2,901
2,885
2,824
2,886

2,913
2,947
2,838
2,876
2,898

2,919
2,918
2,817
2,831
2,928

3,006
2,883
2,815
2,797
2,932

1982
1983
1984 .
1985
1986

1,787
1,750
1,759
1,642
1,801

1,788
1,738
1,750
1,677
1,758

1,790
1,789
1,708
1,730
1,765

1,798
1,774
1,681
1,692
1,774

1,821
1,720
1,690
1,681
1,769

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,125
1,146
1,149
1,138
1,150

1,118
1,163
1,135
1,147
1,128

1,123
1,158
1,130
1,146
1,133

1,121
1,144
1,136
1,139
1,154

1,185
1,163
1,125
1,116
1,163

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

88,019
87,420
90,962
92,972
95,099

88,127
87,246
91,387
93,398
94,780

88,085
87,379
91,622
93,622
94,955

88,052
87,752
91,790
93,509
95,095

88,492
87,941
92,414
93,646
95,283

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

50,666
49,746
51,863
52,759
53,792

50,698
49,674
52,076
52,824
53,591

50,560
49,754
52,227
52,965
53,557

50,509
49,949
52,240
52,984
53,611

50,743
50,163
52,435
53,166
53,583

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

37,353
37,674
39,099
40,213
41,307

37,429
37,572
39,311
40,574
41,189

37,525
37,625
39,395
40,657
41,398

37,543
37,803
39,550
40,525
41,484

37,749
37,778
39,979
40,480
41,700

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6,148
5,843
5,887
5,869
5,700

6,115
5,774
5,876
5,914
5,786

6,116
5,681
5,839
5,891
5,821

6,094
5,675
5,860
5,834
5,781

6,203
5,659
5,870
5,800
5,801

1982 ..
1983
1984
1985
1986

3,218
2,991
2,962
3,049
2,928

3,197
2,980
3,033
3,005
2,962

3,184
2,907
3,041
3,052
2,942

3,125
2,923
2,999
3,062
2,948

3,236
2,951
3,023
3,035
2,955

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2,930
2,852
2,925
2,820
2,772

2,918
2,794
2,843
2,909
2,824

2,932
2,774
2,798
2,839
2,879

2,969
2,752
2,861
2,772
2,833

2,967
2,708
2,847
2,765
2,846

3,023
2,880
2,766
2,787
2,981

2,947
2,903
2,799
2,735
2,961

2,879
2,937
2,817
2,788
2,938

2,935
3,011
2,870
2,813
2,886

2,850
2,968
2,865
2,833
2,817

2,880
2,968
2,822
2,823
2,915

2,894
2,900
2,821
2,875
2,944

1,718
1,787
1,693
1,713
1,725

1,749
1,794
1,738
1,730
1,687

1,708
1,787
1,711
1,731
1,671

1,750
1,807
1,672
1,719
1,751

1,764
1,736
1,657
1,750
1,810

1,161
1,150
1,124
1,075
1,213

1,186
1,217
1,132
1,083
1,199

1,142
1,181
1,154
1,102
1,146

1,130
1,161
1,150
1,104
1,164

1,130
1,164
1,164
1,125
1,134

87,924
89,614
91,998
93,594
96,177

87,852
89,832
92,261
94,112
96,000

87,616
90,014
92,412
94,358
96,147

87,401
90,528
92,569
94,510
96,281

87,339
90,827
92,844
94,549
96,533

50,165
50,975
52,438
52,984
53,866

50,111
51,012
52,637
53,212
53,852

50,022
51,180
52,661
53,318
53,867

49,817
51,511
52,717
53,339
54,078

49,772
51,684
52,813
53,316
54,225

37,759
38,639
39,560
40,610
42,311

37,741
38,820
39,624
40,900
42,148

37,594
38,834
39,751
4i,040
42,280

37,584
39,017
39,852
41,171
42,203

37,567
39,143
40,031
41,233
42,308

5,902
5,860
5,787
5,757
5,790

5,908
5,778
5,787
5,690
5,871

5,866
5,855
5,790
5,772
5,793

5,773
5,936
5,826
5,722
5,791

2,997
3,051
2,969
2,948
3,007

3,020
2,991
2,982
2,914
3,022

2,991
3,047
2,998
2,946
2,989

2,969
3,069
3,037
2,942
2,939

2,905
2,809
2,818
2,809
2,783

2,888
2,787
2,805
2,776
2,849

2,875
2,808
2,792
2,826
2,804

2,804
2,867
2,789
2,780
2,852

Employed men, 65 years and over
1,862
1,759
1,687
1,670
1,786

1,781
1,798
1,697
1,616
1,755

Employed women, 65 years and over
1,161
1,121
1,079
1,117
1,195

1,166
1,105
1,102
1,119
1,206

Employed white workers
88,047
88,825
92,675
93,151
95,720

87,914
89,287
92,512
93,410
95,861

Employed white men

'.

50,295
50,811
52,851
52,818
53,712

50,134
50,978
52.59SL
52,889
53,701

Employed white women
37,752
38,014
39,824
40,333
42,008

37,780
38,309
39,913
40,521
42,160

Employed white workers, 16 to 19 years
5,945
5,878
5,979
5,605
5,779

5,850
5,807
5,916
5,744
5,762

5,923
5,874
5,646
5,640
5,834

Employed white men, 16 to 19 years
3,031
3,098
3,104
2,979
2,950

2,946
3,009
2,969
2,979
2,970

3,044
3,027
2,901
2,911
2,989

Employed white women, 16 to 19 years

138



2,914
2,780
2,875
2,626
2,829

2,904
2,798
2,947
2,765
2,792

2,879
2,847
2,745
2,729
2,845

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
3. Employed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status—Continued
(In thousands)
January

February

March

April

May

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

81,871
81,577
85,075
87,103
89,399

82,012
81,472
85,511
87,484
88,994

81,969
81,698
85,783
87,731
89,134

81,958
82,077
85,930
87,675
89,314

82,289
82,282
86,544
87,846
89,482

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

47,448
46,755
48,901
49,710
50,864

47,501
46,694
49,043
49,819
50,629

47,376
46,847
49,186
49,913
50,615

47,384
47,026
49,241
49,922
50,663

47,507
47,212
49,412
50,131
50,628

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

34,423
34,822
36,174
37,393
38,535

34,511
34,778
36,468
.37,665
38,365

34,593
34,851
36,597
37,818
38,519

34,574
35,051
36,689
37,753
38,651

34,782
35,070
37,132
37,715
38,854

1982
1983 .
1984
1985
1986

9,305
9,157
9,704
10,449
10,723

9,255
9,271
9,961
10,342
10,704

9,204
9,239
9,875
10,404
10,770

9,152
9,219
9,877
10,455
10,809

9,184
9,234
10,048
10,421
10,839

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,690
4,605
4,992
5,229
5,406

4,704
4,639
5,106
5,205
5,378

4,674
4,652
5,031
5,204
5,422

4,668
4,645
4,973
5,222
5,430

4,657
4,623
5,106
5,229
5,461

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,615
4,552
4,712
5,220
5,317

4,551
4,632
4,855
5,137
5,326

4,530
4,587
4,844
5,200
5,348

4,484
4,574
4,904
5,233
5,379

4,527
4,611
4,942
5,192
5,378

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

479
438
412
529
526

481
421
456
513
548

446
431
418
528
537

407
413
456
545
540

412
410
431
541
548

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

266
233
224
270
275

261
223
227
267
290

232
230
242
277
273

218
213
248
287
281

218
201
252
279
300

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

213
205
188
259
251

220
198
229
246
258

214
201
176
251
264

189
200
208
258
259

194
209
179
262
248

Year

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Employed white workers, 20 years and over
]

82,102
82,947
86,696
87,546
89,941

82,064
83,480
86.596
87,666
90,099

81,950
83,972
86,474
88,355
90,210

81,708
84,236
86,625
88,668
90,276

81,535
84,673
86,779
88,738
90,488

81,566
84,891
87,018
88,827
90,742

47,114
47,961
49,668
50,264
50,845

47,002
48,189
49,679
50,404
50,845

46,826
48,464
49,719
50.393
51,089

46,803
48,615
49,776
50,374
51,286

34,880
35,792
36,815
37,881
39,466

34,836
36.011
36,806
38.091
39,365

34,706
36,047
36,946
38,264
39,431

34,709
36,209
37,060
38.345
39,399

34,763
36,276
37,242
38,453
39,456

9,224
9,423
10,263
10,610
10,716

9,171
9,530
10,295
10,534
10,799

9,142
9,475
10,337
10,568
10,895

9,174
9,595
10,442
10,529
10,910

9,148
9,603
10,431
10,679
10,968

4,652
4,772
5,179
5,399
5,378

4.583
4.821
5,198
5,326
5,388

4,583
4.852
5.240
5,299
5,429

4,632
4,938
5,280
5,262
5,448

4,567
4,946
5,241
5,329
5,524

4,572
4,651
5,084
5,211
5,338

4,588
4,709
5,097
5,208
5,411

4,559
4,623
5,097
5,269
5,466

4,542
4,657
5,162
5.267
5.462

4,581
4,657
5,190
5,350
5,444

428
410
499
559
494

440
391
495
530
538

434
395
508
539
564

422
424
499
517
539

437
421
501
527
542

234
209
261
313
268

222
196
267
281
272

226
231
254
289
276

209
240
265
250
277

216
229
258
285
280

218
195
228
249
266

208
164
254
250
288

213
184
234
267
262

221
192
243
242
262

82,001
83,740
86,352
87,954
90,343

Employed white men, 20 years and over
47,264
47,713
49,747
49,839
50,762

47,188
47,969
49,630
49,910
50,731

47,121
47,948
49,537
50,073
50,877

Employed white women, 20 years and over
34,838
35,234
36,949
37,707
39,179

34,876
35,511
36,966
37,756
39,368

Employed black workers
9,144
9,309
10,125
10,531
10,818

9,187
9,456
10,072
10,489
10,822

Employed black men
4,596
4,737
5,078
5,262
5,434

4,650
4,799
5,058
5,274
5,436

Employed black women
4,548
4,572
5,047
5,269
5,384

4,537
4,657
5,014
5,215
5,386

Employed black workers, 16 to 19 years
351
422
517
506
554

404
425
497
546
511

Employed black men, 16 to 19 years
163
222
265
256
277

214
237
257
284
266

Employed black women, 16 to 19 years




188
200
252
250
277

190
188
240
262
245

194
201
238
246
226

139

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
3. Employed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status—Continued
(In thousands)
January

February

March

April

8,826
8,719
9,292
9,920
10,197

8,774
8,850
9,505
9,829
10,156

8,758
8,808
9,457
9,876
10,233

8,745
8,806
9,421
9,910
10,269

8,772
8,824
9,617
9,880
10,291

1982 .
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,424
4,372
4,768
4,959
5,131

4,443
4,416
4,879
4,938
5,088

4,442
4,422
4,789
4,927
5,149

4,450
4,432
4,725
4,935
5,149

4,439
4,422
4,854
4,950
5,161

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,402
4,347
4,524
4,961
5,066

4,331
4,434
4,626
4,891
5,068

4,316
4,386
4,668
4,949
5,084

4,295
4,374
4,696
4,975
5,120

4,333
4,402
4,763
4,930
5,130

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,823
5,813
6,450
6,710
6,994

5,881
5,828
6,469
6,852
6,991

5,899
5,795
6,504
6,828
7,095

5,845
5,937
6,466
6,802
7,129

5,848
5,985
6,613
6,814
7,136

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

38,320
37,483
38,632
39,371
39,558

38,325
37,436
38,841
39,309
39,363

38,253
37,499
38,860
39,496
39,396

38,239
37,517
38,948
39,328
39,504

38,262
37,519
39,020
39,214
39,582

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

23,781
24,176
24,943
25,857
26,820

23,859
24,161
25,281
26,163
26,695

23,976
24,256
25,309
26,250
26,761

23,908
24,413
25,521
26,147
26,889

24,210
24,359
25,813
26,126
27,016

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,108
5,055
5,319
5,572
5,703

5,145
5,038
5,372
5,526
5,723

5,094
5,084
5,421
5,586
5,754

5,111
4,958
5,466
5,597
5,799

4,983
4,921
5,572
5,638
5,734

Year

June

May

July

August

September

October

November

December

Employed black workers, 20 years and over
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8,793
8,887
9,608
10,025
10,264

8,783
9,031
9,575
9,943
10,311

8,796
9,013
9,764
10,051
10,222

8,731
9,139
9,800
10,004
10,261

8,708
9,080
9,829
10,029
10,331

8,752
9,171
9,943
10,012
10,371

8,711
9,182
9,930
10,152
10,426

4,361
4,625
4,931
5,045
5,116

4,357
4,621
4,986
5,010
5,153

4,423
4,698
5,015
5,012
5,171

4,351
4,717
4,983
5,044
5,244

4,378
4,450
4,846
4,965
5,112

4,370
4,514
4,869
4,959
5,145

4,351
4,459
4,843
5,019
5,178

4,329
4,473
4,928
5,000
5,200

4,360
4,465
4,947
5,108
5,182

5,748
6,201
6,706
7,003
7,248

5,769
6,207
6,750
7,043
7,286

5,801
6,225
6,741
6,980
7,345

5,758
6,274
6,802
6,935
7,437

5,789
6,358
6,897
6,964
7,446

37,991
38,345
39,169
39,160
39,691

37,884
38,343
39,122
39,366
39,780

37,635
38,405
39,305
39,302
39,952

37,509
38,493
39,387
39,254
40,093

24,116
24,956
25,707
26,544
27,249

24,051
24,911
25,828
26,675
27,323

23,926
24,995
25,929
26,702
27,333

24,068
25,051
26,027
26,777
27,400

5,137
5,165
5,474
5,561
5,926

5,129
5,220
5,405
5,485
6,016

5,058
5,300
5,436
5,588
6,041

5,031
5,315
5,412
5,697
6,005

Employed black men, 20 years and over
4,433
4,515
4,813
5,006
5,157

4,436
4,562
4,801
4,990
5,170

4,418
4,563
4,918
5,086
5,110

Employed black women, 20 years and over
4,360
4,372
4,795
5,019
5,107

4,347
4,469
4,774
4,953
5,141

Employed Hispanic-origin workers
5,763
6,054
6,690
6,833
7,224

5,731
6,145
6,693
6,857
7,269

Employed married men, spouse present
38,242
37,903
39,080
38,947
39,613

38,146
38,289
39,197
39,107
39,634

38,097
38,365
39,130
39,151
39,735

Employed married women, spouse present
24,387
24,395
25,754
26,128
27,354

24,141
24,604
25,704
26,263
27,474

24,177
24,875
25,739
26,318
27,388

Employed women who maintain families

140




5,089
4,974
5,610
5,683
5,719

5,145
5,003
5,605
5,603
5,812

5,180
5,083
5,506
5,640
5,832

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
4. Employed civilians in agricultural and nonagricultural industries by selected characteristics
(In thousands)
March

April

June

January

February

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3.393
3.436
3.286
3.312
3.280

3.375
3.385
3.362
3.336
3.105

3,372
3,369
3.252
3,289
3.252

3,351
3.343
3.316
3.337
3,199

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

382
384
313
326
263

361
357
332
359
253

358
311
319
352
274

339
340
304
361
295

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

312
314
260
282
212

312
281
275
309
205

311
258
257
297
232

288
274
249
288
253

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

70
70
53
44
51

49
76
57
50
48

47
53
62
55
42

51
66
55
73
42

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3.011
3,052
2.973
2,986
3,017

3.014
3.028
3,030
2,977
2,852

3.014
3.058
2.933
2,937
2.978

3,012
3,003
3,012
2,976
2,904

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2.395
2.440
2.358
2.404
2.340

2,414
2,403
2,411
2.372
2.261

2.406
2,439
2,376
2.315
2,389

2,418
2.391
2,406
2,335
2,319

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

616
612
615
582
677

600
625
619
605
591

608
619
557
622
589

594
612
606
641
585

621
600
603
595
604

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

96,299
95,732
99,913
102,979
105,612

96.387
95.727
100,494
103,269
105,452

96,300
95,820
100,712
103,676
105,555

96,225
96.230
101,058
103,612
105.770

96.682
96,329
101,872
103,719
106,014

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6,386
6,036
6,118
6,227
6,078

6,370
5.961
6,111
6,225
6,188

6,324
5,891
6,036
6,222
6,211

6.308
5.868
6.144
6,193
6,188

Year

May

July

September

October

3,385
3,345
3,379
3,044
3,142

3,489
3,306
3.203
3,072
3,162

3,510
3.278
3.380
3.055
3.215

346
296
321
292
242

420
294
279
258
253

452
280
349
264
237

277
245
260
244
209

343
243
230
211
216

362
236
293
218
203

320
269
267
229
200

69
51
61
48
33

77
51
49
47
37

90
44
56
46
34

80
58
45
46
51

3,039
3,049
3,058
2,752
2,900

3,069
3,012
2,924
2,814
2,909

3,058
2,998
3,031
2,791
2,978

3,014
3,003
3,074
2,874
2,910

2,437
2,456
2,443
2.188
2.286

2,467
2,403
2,356
2,193
2,297

2,463
2,357
2,455
2,211
2,303

2,412
2.363
2.487
2,280
2,289

596
639
577
576
622

602
593
615
564
614

602
609
568
621
612

595
641
576
580
675

602
640
587
594
621

96,225
98,104
101,888
104,030
107.010

96.119
98.679
102,089
104,558
106,845

95,726
98,743
102,443
104.720
107,030

95.602
99,442
102,587
104,923
107,217

95,618
99,650
102,814
104.998
107,476

6,066
6,008
6.136
6.067
6,324

6,012
6,159
6,110
6,161
6,245

5,971
6.167
6,153
6.101
6.227

August

November

December

Employed in agricultural industries
3,434
3.342
3,347
3,276
3,151

3.331
3.461
3.373
3.138
3.164

3.402
3.481
3.337
3,131
3,124

3,408
3.493
3,276
3,106
3.057

3.414
3,330
3,386
3,151
3,161

Employed in agricultural industries, both sexes, 16 to 19 years
377
316
311
326
268

352
343
301
300
272

369
359
311
299
242

402
366
286
287
250

n

400
327
312
277
251

Employed in agricultural industries, men, 16 to 19 years
317
260
251
278
231

298
286
237
253
232

308
290
247
251
211

336
305
231
249
212

Employed in agricultural industries, womerl, 16 to 19 years
60
56
60
48
37

54
57
64
47
40

61
69
64
48
31

66
61
55
38
38

Employed in agricultural industries, both sexes>, 20 years and over
3,057
3,026
3,036
2,950
2,883

2,979
3,118
3,072
2,838
2,892

3,033
3,122
3.026
2,832
2,882

3,006
3,127
2,990
2,819
2.807

Employed in agricultural industries, men, 20 years and over
2.436
2,426
2,433
2,355
2,279

2,392
2,478
2,438
2,252
2,309

2.425
2,503
2,445
2,238
2,275

2.410
2,488
2,413
2,243
2,185

Employed in agricultural industries, women, 20 years and over
587
640
634
586
583

608
619
581
594
607

Employed in nonagricultural industries
96,212
97,112
102,172
103,403
106,449

96,091
97,735
102,109
103,711
106,763

Employed in nonagricultural industries, both sexes, 16 to 19 years




6,384
5,871
6.152
6,168
6,224

6,039
6,028
6.298
5,894
6,162

6,000
5,977
6,226
6,106
6,232

6,098
6,078
6,049
6,075
6,276

6,123
6.090
6,109
6,123
6,233

141

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
4. Employed civilians in agricultural and nonagricultural industries by selected characteristics—Continued
(In thousands)
March

April

January

February

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3,257
2,997
3,006
3,135
3,042

3,226
2,991
3,053
3,062
3.102

3,176
2,933
3,087
3.123
3,061

3,141
2,925
3,070
3,143
3,067

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3,129
3,039
3,112
3,092
3,036

3,144
2,970
3,058
3,163
3,086

3,148
2,958
2,949
3,099
3,150

3,167
2,943
3.074
3,050
3,121

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

89,913
89,696
93,795
96,752
99,534

90,017
89,766
94,383
97,044
99,264

89,976
89,929
94,676
97,454
99,344

89,917
90,362
94,914
97,419
99,582

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

50,708
50,046
52.603
53,749
55,259

50,758
50,053
52,798
53,847
55,035

50,648
50,188
52,915
54,054
54,999

50,663
50,424
52,979
54,051
55,073

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

39,205
39,650
41,192
43,003
44,275

39,259
39,713
41,585
43,197
44,229

39,328
39,741
41,761
43,400
44,345

39,254
39,938
41,935
43,368
44,509

39,500
39,951
42,480
43,340
44,731

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

90,312
89,587
93,189
96,536
99,394

90,208
89,489
93,858
96,834
99,012

90,123
89,516
94,132
97.159
99,316

89,985
89,827
94,391
97,123
99,397

90.378
89,960
95,303
97,303
99,536

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,394
1,634
1,457
1,578
1,642

1,411
1,595
1,532
1,590
1,512

1,460
1,551
1,501
1.574
1,655

1,420
1,509
1,558
1,610
1,539

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

73,327
72.500
76,166
79,210
81,419

73,307
72,439
76,567
79,246
81,345

73,178
72.518
76,855
79,567
81,501

73,114
72,807
77.053
79,525
81,627

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

15,591
15,453
15,566
15,748
16,333

15,490
15,455
15,759
15,998
16,155

15,485
15,447
15.776
16.018
16,160

15,451
15,511
15,780
15,988
16,231

Year

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Employed in nonagricultural industries, men, 16 to 19 years
3,215
2,953
3,090
3,107
3,099

2,940
3,064
3,174
3,012
3,039

2,909
3,026
3,042
3,059
3,129

3,012
3,080
3,055
3,043
3,152

2,980
3,051
3,065
3,026
3.164

2,948
3,162
3,067
3,047
3,155

2,956
3,112
3,102
3,056
3,092

3,111
3,010
3,054
3,080
3,081

3,086
2,957
3,071
3,041
3,160

3,064
2,997
3,043
3,114
3,090

3,015
3,055
3,051
3,045
3,135

89,660
92,735
96,307
98,653
100,706

89,590
93,283
96,477
98,762
100,972

89,647
93,483
96,661
98,897
101.249

50,157
51,745
53,827
54,723
55,298

50,074
52,140
53,816
54,731
55,580

50,085
52,297
53,805
54,648
55,812

39,673
41,059
42,330
43,794
45,291

39,503
40,990
42,480
43,930
45,408

39,516
41,143
42,661
44,031
45,392

39,562
41,186
42,856
44,249
45,437

90,005
92,359
95,752
98,007
100,213

89,641
92,222
95,962
98,020
100,408

89,543
92,730
96,202
98,308
100,451

89,491
93,021
96,420
98,457
100,785

1,540
1,597
1,609
1,458
1,521

1,633
1,555
1,548
1,469
1,562

1,611
1,483
1,581
1,529
1,582

1.558
1,483
1,681
1,545
1.621

72,829
75,271
78,274
80,374
82,359

72,614
75,140
78,464
80,318
82,582

72,408
75,594
78,841
80,644
82,412

72,397
75,995
78,890
80,735
82,721

15,636
15,491
15,869
16,175
16,333

15,394
15,527
15,950
16,233
16,264

15.524
15,653
15,780
16,135
16,457

15,536
15,543
15,849
16,177
16,443

3,028
3,018
3,041
3,046
3,145

Employed in nonagricultural industries, women, 16 to 19 years
3,169
2,918
3,062
3,061
3.125

3,099
2,964
3,124
2,882
3,123

3,091
2,951
3.184
3.047
3.103

3,070
3,060
3,008
3.029
3,131

Employed in nonagricultural industries, both sexes, 20 years and over
90,298
90,458
95,720
97,551
99,790

90,173
91,084
95.874
97,509
100,287

90.091
91,758
95,883
97,605
100,531

90,127
92,026
95,839
97,955
100,734

89,996
92,589
95,980
98,435
100.612

Employed in nonagricultural industries, men, 20 years and over
50,798
50,507
53,240
54,211
55,059

50,541
51,022
53,548
54,112
55,213

50,471
51,328
53,479
54,213
55,269

50,387
51,344
53,522
54,411
55,400

50,323
51,530
53,650
54,641
55,321

Employed in nonagricultural industries, womerl, 20 years and over
39,632
40.062
42,326
43,397
45,074

39,620
40,430
42,404
43,392
45,262

39,740
40.682
42,317
43,544
45,334

Employed total wage and salary workers
89,954
90,862
95,513
96,862
99,822

89,880
91,370
95,447
97,109
99,816

90,100
91,783
95,197
97,240
100,095

Employed wage and salary workers in agricultural industries
1,500
1,548
1,563
1.589
1,489

1,439
1.605
1,578
1,538
1,508

1,510
1,653
1,549
1,498
1,504

1,555
1,688
1,503
1,496
1,509

Employed nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
73,419
72,873
77,967
79,775
81,714

72,864
73,716
78,212
79,329
81,937

72,890
74,073
78,236
79,715
81,730

73,019
74,446
77,953
79,689
82,140

Employed government workers in nonagricultural industries

142




15,459
15,539
15,773
15,939
16,333

15,651
15,541
15,723
15,995
16,377

15,480
15,644
15,662
15,896
16,582

15,526
15,649
15,741
16,055
16,446

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
4. Employed civilians in agricultural and nonagricultural industries by selected characteristics—Continued
(In thousands)
Year

March

January

February

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,659
1,577
1,596
1,514
1,482

1,627
1,558
1,604
1,507
1,444

1,645
1,582
1,577
1,499
1,450

1,652
1,602
1,540
1,486
1,467

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6,936
7,374
7,856
7,781
7,693

7,100
7,405
7,863
7,727
7,711

7,155
7,468
7,776
7,826
7,713

7,225
7,510
7,859
7,763
7,634

1982
1983 .. .
1984
1985 .. ..
1986

354
232
233
225
165

335
223
223
232
158

260
247
180
219
169

275
217
203
214
173

1982
1983
1984 .
1985
1986 .

404
367
353
334
271

408
348
321
326
261

438
349
334
323
243

414
356
340
303
251

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Employed self-employed workers in agricultural industries
1,681
1,558
1,534
1,489
1,472

1,649
1,589
1,564
1,442
1,492

1,645
1,569
1,552
1,481
1,434

1,617
1,565
1,567
1,452
1,387

1,590
1,504
1,569
1,402
1,460

1,632
1,532
1,483
1,438
1,451

1,621
1,558
1,565
1.361
1,425

1,626
1,600
1,503
1,447
1,400

7,425
7,671
7,741
7,826
7,939

7,318
7,669
7,733
7,967
7,993

7,320
7,782
7,663
7,975
8,179

7,331
7,689
7,721
7,817
8,056

259
247
200
182
159

240
242
190
178
164

250
230
210
149
198

214
252
226
168
152

382
382
319
265
275

390
402
319
250
265

363
453
358
250
252

358
424
345
254
239

Employed self-employed workers in nonagricultural industries
7,351
7,525
7,811
7,744
7,793

7,321
7,524
7,860
7,746
7,832

7,305
7,620
7,739
7,674
8,019

7,318
7,610
7,767
7,839
7,956

Employed unpaid-family workers in agricultural industries
253
226
232
187
177

249
259
221
165
163

247
250
229
170
171

254
243
212
174
174

Employed unpaid-family workers in nonagricultural industries




411
361
332
295
235

405
352
349
294
236

412
343
333
281
258

407
370
315
293
271

143

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
5. Persons at work on part-time schedules by reason
(In thousands)
Year

January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,067
6,755
5,948
5,636
5,551

5,737
6,578
5,994
5,406
5,446

5,938
6,442
5,651
5,702
5,548

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2.541
3,318
2.541
2,475
2,377

3,042
3,119
2,530
2,248
2,385

3,137
3,037
2,346
2,609
2,352

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2,258
3,096
3,089
2,821
2,870

2,306
3,093
3,107
2,833
2,724

2,480
3,118
3,031
2,730
2,908

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

12,853
12,763
12,996
13,285
13,877

12,874
12,705
12,996
13,519
13,800

12,794
12,735
13,035
13,542
13,778

12,837
12,928
13,351
13,309
13,900

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,830
6,450
5,717
5,400
5,297

5,436
6,327
5,739
5,134
5,214

5,618
6,191
5,480
5,423
5,295

5,757
6,034
5,529
5,365
5,567

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2,388
3,154
2,400
2,332
2,231

2,830
2,998
2,387
2,079
2,242

2,895
2,896
2,232
2,400
2,160

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2,169
2,968
2,994
2,732
2,770

2,237
2,983
3,013
2,758
2,669

2,392
2,993
2,952
2,638
2,819

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

12,338
12,306
12,538
12,822
13,386

12,386
12,201
12,523
13,057
13,354

12,316
12,264
12,534
13,074
13,351

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Total at work on part-time schedules for economic reasons
6,049
6,299
5,761
5,644
5.853

6.112
6,192
5,514
5,755
5,825

5,997
6,221
5,844
5,540
5,538

6,084
6,194
5.761
5,630
5.442

6,221
6,247
5,568
5,716
5,471

6,857
6,012
5,730
5,452
5,740

6,704
6,148
5,635
5,521
5,563

6,657
5,901
5,802
5,505
5,596

3,658
2,541
2,515
2,213
2,481

3,448
2,627
2,461
2,317
2,510

3,345
2,500
2,655
2,365
2,444

2,807
3,149
2,840
2,887
2,826

2,956
3,171
2,848
2,918
2,714

2,984
3,132
2,839
2,838
2,867

12,919
13,012
13,065
13.658
14,178

12,868
13,100
13,164
13,661
14,021

12,732
13,228
13,343
13,640
13,877

6,458
5,728
5,480
5,206
5,450

6,356
5,871
5,403
5,316
5,319

6,366
5,695
5,610
5,292
5,342

3,415
2,439
2,363
2,091
2,314

3,223
2,459
2,305
2,197
2,366

3,170
2,364
2,531
2,233
2,286

2,827
3,077
2,772
2,824
2,626

2,858
3,033
2,758
2,740
2,765

12,370
12,643
12,701
13.218
13,567

12,248
12,709
12,875
13,196
13,455

6,705
6,191
5.689
5,558
5,544

Total at work on part-time schedules for economic reasons-slack work
3,315
2.887
2.352
2.514
2,534

3,308
2,829
2,233
2,572
2,605

3,349
2,787
2,318
2,532
2,437

3,117
2,797
2,377
2,408
2,473

3,347
2,769
2,359
2,498
2,417

3,686
2,662
2,425
2,426
2,472

Total at work on part-time schedules for economic reasons-could only find part-time work
2,399
3,120
3,072
2,728
2,922

2,487
3,090
3,005
2,835
2,843

2,457
3,117
3,029
2.749
2.813

2.629
2,926
2,878
2,814
2,661

2,678
3,068
2,738
2,865
2,741

2,746
3,219
2,994
2,821
2,772

Total at work on part-time schedules for noneconomic reasons-usuaHy work part time
13,170
12,728
13,542
13,252
13,853

13.489
12.556
13,058
13,335
14,142

12,927
13,028
13,091
13,578
13,967

12,972
13,017
13,143
13,583
13,981

13,098
13,132
13,209
13,536
13,922

Nonagricultural workers on part-time schedules for economic reasons
5,775
5,908
5,273
5,469
5,569

5,717
5,960
5,570
5,276
5,322

5,722
5.877
5.505
5,363
5,222

5,909
5,945
5,365
5,435
5,269

6,385
5,970
5,450
5,310
5,303

Nonagricultural workers on part-time schedules for economic reasons-slack work
3,099
2,724
2,229
2,342
2,382

3,094
2,661
2,119
2,399
2,485

3,152
2,650
2,160
2,340
2,307

2,899
2,633
2,222
2,251
2,317

3,151
2,586
2,234
2,327
2,283

3,418
2,508
2,267
2,291
2.314

Nonagricultural workers on part-time schedules for economic reasons-could only find part-time work
2,322
3,021
2,973
2,648
2,806

2,375
3,008
2,914
2,755
2,749

2,383
3,013
2,944
2,676
2,727

2,519
2,810
2,796
2.720
2,609

2,588
2,960
2,663
2,758
2,678

2.682
3,147
2,924
2,727
2,710

2,691
3,006
2,774
2,789
2,739

Nonagricultural workers on part-time schedules for noneconomic reasons-usually work part time

144




12,427
12,540
12,968
12,865
13,528

12,617
12,244
13,055
12,789
13,412

12,919
11,958
12,521
12,854
13,613

12,451
12,436
12,681
13,194
13,578

12,478
12,497
12,668
13,113
13,606

12,570
12,650
12,725
13,079
13.520

12,427
12,500
12,617
13,223
13,736

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
6. Employment-population ratios by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Percent)
January

February

March

April

1982 .
1983
1984
1985
1986

58.6
57.6
59.2
60.3
61.0

58.6
57.5
59.5
60.4
60.7

58.5
57.5
59.5
60.6
60.8

58.3
57.7
59.7
60.5
60.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

70.5
68.5
70.5
71.4
71.8

70.4
68.4
70.8
71.4
71.5

70.2
68.4
70.9
71.5
71.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

47.7
47.6
48.8
50.2
51.0

47.7
47.6
49.1
50.4
50.9

47.8
47.5
49.1
50.6
51.0

47.7
47.7
49.4
50.5
51.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

58.2
57.2
58.8
59.9
60.6

58.2
57.1
59.1
60.1
60.4

58.1
57.1
59.1
60.2
60.5

57.9
57.3
59.3
60.2
60.5

58.2
57.3
59.7
60.1
60.5

1982 ..
1983
1984
1985
1986

69.9
67.9
70.0
70.8
71.3

69.9
67.8
70.3
70.8
71.0

69.6
67.9
70.4
71.0
71.0

69.5
68.0
70.4
71.0
70.9

69.7
68.1
70.7
71.1
70.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

47.7
47.5
48.7
50.1
50.9

47.7
47.5
49.0
50.3
50.8

47.7
47.5
49.0
50.5
50.9

47.6
47.6
49.3
50.4
51.0

47.8
47.5
49.9
50.3
51.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

42.4
41.4
42.9
44.9
43.9

42.3
40.8
43.2
45.1
44.5

42.0
40.2
42.7
45.1
44.8

41.9
40.3
43.5
45.1
44.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

44.8
42.5
43.5
46.7
44.9

44.6
42.2
44.5
46.1
45.7

43.9
41.3
44.8
46.8
45.4

43.3
41.5
44.7
47.1
45.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

40.0
40.2
42.4
43.0
42.8

40.0
39.5
41.8
44.1
43.4

40.1
39.1
40.6
43.4
44.2

40.5
39.2
42.3
43.1
43.8

Year

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

57.8
58.8
60.1
60.7
61.2

57.7
59.1
60.2
60.7
61.3

57.6
59.2
60.3
60.8
61.3

69.0
69.9
71.4
71.5
71.4

68.8
70.4
71.5
71.5
71.6

68.6
70.5
71.5
71.4
71.7

47.8
48.7
49.6
50.6
51.7

47.6
48.6
49.7
50.7
51.8

47.5
48.8
49.8
50.8
51.8

47.5
48.9
50.0
51.0
51.8

57.6
58.4
59.7
60.3
60.8

57.4
58.4
59.7
60.3
60.8

57.3
58.7
59.8
60.3
60.9

57.2
58.8
59.9
60.4
60.9

68.6
69.3
70.9
71.0
70.9

68.4
69.4
70.9
71.0
70.8

68.2
69.8
71.0
71.0
71.1

68.0
70.0
71.0
70.9
71.2

47.8
48.7
49.5
50.6
51.6

47.5
48.5
49.6
50.7
51.8

47.5
48.7
49.7
50.8
51.7

47.5
48.8
49.9
50.9
51.7

41.3
42.1
44.0
44.4
44.7

41.5
41.7
43.9
43.7
45.3

41.5
42.7
44.3
44.4
44.5

40.9
43.2
44.4
44.1
44.5

42.0
43.8
45.2
45.4
46.2

42.5
43.4
45.0
44.7
46.4

42.5
44.9
46.0
45.0
46.0

41.9
44.9
46.1
45.2
45.1

40.6
40.5
42.7
43.4
43.1

40.5
39.9
42.9
42.8
44.2

40.5
40.5
42.6
43.8
43.1

39.9
41.6
42.7
42.9
43.9

Total employment-population ratio, including resident Armed Forces
58.6
57.7
60.1
60.5
60.9

58.2
58.2
60.3
60.2
61.1

58.1
58.5
60.1
60.3
61.2

58.2
58.6
59.9
60.4
61.2

58.0
58.8
60.1
60.6
61.1

Total employment-population ratio, including resident Armed Forces, men
.

70.1
68.6
70.9
71.5
71.5

70.3
68.7
71.2
71.6
71.3

69.5
69.5
71.6
71.2
71.4

69.4
69.8
71.3
71.3
71.4

69.4
69.7
71.3
71.4
71.4

69.2
69.9
71.4
71.6
71.4

Total employment-population ratio, including resident Armed Forces, women
47.9
47.6
50.0
50.3
51.3

47.9
47.8
49.8
50.2
51.6

47.9
48.1
49.9
50.3
51.8

47.9
48.5
49.6
50.4
51.8

Civilian employment-population ratio, all civilian workers
57.8
57.8
59.9
59.8
60.7

57.7
58.1
59.8
59.9
60.8

57.8
58.2
59.6
60.1
60.9

Civilian employment-population ratio, men
68.9
68.9
71.1
70.6
70.9

68.8
69.2
70.8
70.7
70.9

68.8
69.2
70.7
70.9
70.9

Civilian employment-population ratio, women
47.8
47.7
49.8
50.1
51.5

47.8
48.0
49.8
50.2
51.7

47.8
48.4
49.5
50.3
51.8

Civilian employment-population ratio, both sexes, 16 to 19 years
42.7
40.3
43.7
44.8
44.8

40.5
41.6
44.8
42.8
44.5

40.4
41.5
44.5
44.3
44.8

41.4
42.4
43.2
44.0
45.0

Civilian employment-population ratio, men 16 to 19 years
44.7
41.8
45.1
46.5
45.8

41.0
43.6
46.2
44.8
44.9

40.9
43.3
44.7
45.6
45.9

42.9
43.6
44.6
45.4
46.1

Civilian employment-population ratio, women, 16 to 19 years




40.8
38.9
42.3
43.0
43.9

39.9
39.6
43.4
40.7
44.0

40.0
39.7
44.4
43.0
43.5

39.9
41.2
41.9
42.6
43.9

145

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
6. Employment-population ratios by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Percent)
Year

January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

59.8
58.8
60.3
61.3
62.1

59.8
58.7
60.6
61.4
61.8

59.7
58.8
60.6
61.6
61.8

59.6
58.9
60.8
61.5
61.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

72.6
70.6
72.6
73.2
73.7

72.6
70.5
72.8
73.2
73.3

72.4
70.6
72.9
73.3
73.4

72.3
70.8
72.9
73.2
73.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

48 4
48.2
49.3
50.7
51.6

48.4
48.3
49.7
50.9
51.4

48.4
48.2
49.7
51.1
51.5

48.2
48.4
49.9
51.0
51.6

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

66.4
64.7
67.4
69.6
70.3

66.2
64.9
67.9
69.3
70.7

66.3
64.9
68.1
69.1
70.6

66.0
65.1
68.1
69.5
70.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

72.3
69.7
73.4
75.3
76.7

72.1
69.6
74.1
74.8
77.4

71.8
69.6
74.6
74.5
77.0

71.4
69.9
74.7
75.4
75.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

60.8
60.1
61.6
64.2
64.2

60.6
60.3
62.0
64.1
64.5

61.2
60.4
62.0
64.0
64.7

60.9
60.5
61.8
63.9
64.7

1982
1983
1984 ..
1985
1986

58.8
57.8
59.2
60.1
60.9

58.8
57.8
59.5
60.3
60.5

58.7
57.9
59.6
60.5
60.7

58.6
58.0
59.7
60.4
60.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

72.7
70.7
72.5
72.8
73.3

72.7
70.6
72.7
73.0
72.8

72.5
70.8
72.7
73.2
72.9

72.5
70.9
72.6
73.0
72.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

46.5
46.5
47.5
48.8
49.9

46.6
46.5
47.9
49.0
49.6

46.5
46.4
48.0
49.3
49.8

46.3
46.6
48.2
49.2
49.9

May

June

July

August

October

November

December

59.3
60.0
61.1
61.7
62.2

59.0
60.0
61.1
61.8
62.2

58.8
60.2
61.2
61.7
62.3

58.8
60.3
61.3
61.8
62.4

71.4
71.9
73.4
73.4
73.2

71.1
72.0
73.4
73.4
73.1

70.9
72.3
73.4
73.4
73.4

70.7
72.5
73.3
73.3
73.6

48.2
49.3
50.2
51.3
52.4

48.1
49.4
50.3
51.3
52.4

48.2
49.4
50.5
51.6
52.3

65.2
66.7
68.7
70.0
70.4

64.9
66.5
69.1
70.2
70.5

64.8
67.1
69.5
69.8
70.9

65.0
67.1
69.2
70.4
70.7

70.2
72.1
74.9
76.1
75.9

70.3
71.9
75.2
75.5
76.5

69.9
72.9
75.7
76.0
76.8

69.9
72.9
74.9
76.2
76.8

60.5
61.6
62.8
64.2
65.2

59.9
61.4
63.3
65.2
64.8

60.0
61.5
63.5
64.1
65.4

60.4
61 6
63.7
64.9
65.1

58.3
59.0
60.0
60.5
61.1

58.1
59.0
59.9
60.6
61.1

57.9
59.2
60.0
60.6
61.2

57.8
59.2
60.1
60.6
61.3

71.6
71.8
73.1
73.0
72.8

71.2
72.0
73.1
73.1
72.6

71.1
72.3
73.1
73.1
72.9

70.8
72.4
73.1
72.9
73.1

46.5
47.5
48.4
49.5
50.8

46.3
47.7
48.5
49.6
50.7

46.4
47.7
48.7
49.8
50.7

September

Civilian employment-population ratio, both sexes, 20 years and over
59.8
58.9
61.2
61.5
61.9

59.6
59.3
61.2
61.3
62.1

59.5
59.7
61.1
61.3
62.2

59.4
59.8
61.0
61.5
62.3

Civilian employment-population ratio, men,;10 years and over
72.4
70.8
73.2
73.4
73.1

71.9
71.5
73.5
73.1
73.3

71.8
71.8
73.3
73.1
73.2

71.6
71.8
73.3
73.3
73.2

Civilian employment-population ratio, women, 20 years and over
48.5
48.3
50.5
50.9
51.8

48.6
48.5
50.3
50.9
52.2

48.5
48.8
50.3
50.8
52.3

48.6
49.1
50.1
50.9
52.4

48.4
49.4
50.1
51.1
52.3

Civilian employment-population ratio, both sexes, 20 to 24 years
66.1
64.6
69.0
69.4
69.7

65.9
66.3
69.8
69.3
70.5

65.6
67.0
69.2
69.1
70.5

65.5
66.5
67.9
69.4
70.6

Civilian employment-population ratio, men , 20 to 24 years
71.6
69.4
75.3
75.2
74.9

71.0
72.6
76.6
75.0
75.9

71.1
72.5
75.1
74.5
76.2

70.7
72.3
74.1
75.4
76.3

Civilian employment-population ratio, women, 20 to 24 years
61.0
60.0
63.0
63.9
64.8

61.1
60.3
63.3
63.9
65.3

60.5
61.7
63.5
64.0
65.1

60.5
61.1
62.1
63.7
65.3

Civilian employment-population ratio, both sexes, 25 years and over
58.8
58.1
60.0
60.4
60.8

58.6
58.3
60.0
60.2
61.0

58.5
58.6
60.0
60.3
61.2

58.5
58.7
60.0
60.3
61.1

Civilian employment-population ratio, men, 25 years and over
72.6
71.1
72.8
73.1
72.9

72.1
71.4
73.0
72.8
72.9

71.9
71.8
73.1
72.9
72.8

71.7
71.7
73.1
73.0
72.8

Civilian employment-population ratio, women 25 years and over

146




46.6
46.6
48.7
49.1
50.1

46.7
46.8
48.5
49.1
50.5

46.8
47.0
48.5
49.1
50.8

46.8
47.3
48.4
49.2
50.7

46.7
47.6
48.3
49.4
50.6

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
6. Employment-population ratios by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Percent)
Year

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

October

November

December

73.2
74.4
76.0
76.9
77.6

73.0
74.4
76.1
76.9
77.6

72.8
74.7
76.1
77.1
77.6

72.8
74.9
76.3
77.1
77.8

85.9
86.6
88.7
88.8
88.6

85.7
86.8
88.7
88.8
88.3

85.4
87.1
88.7
88.8
88.5

85.2
87.5
88.7
88.7
88.7

61.2
62.8
64.0
65.7
67.0

61.1
62.7
64.2
65.6
67.4

60.9
63.0
64.2
65.9
67.2

61.0
62.9
64.4
66.1
67.3

72.6
74.1
76.3
77.2
77.2

72.5
74.1
76.5
76.9
77.1

72.4
74.7
76.2
76.9
77.6

72.5
74 7
76.3
77.2
77.5

84.4
85.2
88.5
88.5
88.2

84.1
85.5
88.4
88.5
87.6

84.0
86.1
87.9
88.6
88.5

83.6
86.4
87.9
88.7
88.6

61.5
63.4
64.7
66.4
66.6

61.5
63.1
64.9
65.8
67.0

61.4
63.7
64.8
65.8
67.1

61.9
63.5
65 1
66.3
66.8

75.5
76.4
77 9
78.8
79.9

75.2
76.5
78 0
79.3
79.8

74.7
76.8
78.3
79.4
79.5

74.6
77.2
78 5
79.1
79.9

88.3
88.8
90.1
90.5
90.1

88.0
89.1
90.3
90.7
89.9

87.3
89.5
90.6
90.3
89.8

87.1
90.0
91.0
89 9
90.1

63.3
64.6
66.3
67.8
70.2

63.1
64.7
66.4
68.5
70.2

62.7
64.8
66.6
69.0
69.6

62.8
65.0
66.8
68.8
70.2

September

Civilian employment-population ratio, both sexes, 25 to 54 years
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

74 0
72.8
74.9
76.3
77.3

74.1
72.6
75.2
76.5
76.8

73.8
72.8
75.4
76.6
76.9

73 7
73.2
75.6
76.6
77.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

87.5
85.1
87.6
88.6
89.0

87.6
84.9
87.8
88.7
88.5

87.2
85.2
88.0
88.7
88.5

87.2
85.5
88 0
88.6
88.6

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

61.3
61.1
62.8
64.7
66.1

61.4
61.0
63.2
64.9
65.7

61.1
61.1
63.4
65.2
65.9

61.0
61.5
63.7
65.2
66.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

74.0
72 4
74.8
76.4
77.3

74.1
72 3
75.1
76.6
76.8

73.7
72 2
75.2
76.7
77.0

73.4
72 9
75.4
76.6
77.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

86.5
83.5
86.4
88.2
89.1

86.6
83.4
86.5
88.4
88.4

86.1
83.2
86.9
88.3
88.4

86.0
84.0
87.1
88.3
88.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

62.1
61.7
63.7
65.2
65.9

62.1
61.7
64.0
65.3
65.5

61.8
61.6
63.9
65.7
65.9

61.4
62.4
64 2
65.4
66.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

76.1
75.1
77.2
78.4
79.3

76.2
75.1
77.8
78.4
78.8

75.8
75.4
77.8
78.6
78.9

75.8
75.4
77.8
78.6
79.1

1982
1983
1984 .
1985
1986

89.5
87.4
90.3
90.5
90.2

89.9
87.4
90.7
90.3
89.5

89.4
88.1
90.6
90.4
89.7

89.4
87.9
90.2
90.4
90.1

1982 .
1983
1984
1985
1986 .

63.5
63.4
64.7
66.9
68.9

63.3
63.3
65.6
67.0
68.6

62.9
63.4
65.8
67.4
68.6

62.9
63.6
66.0
67.6
68.6

73.8
73.1
76.0
76.6
77.0

73.7
73.5
76.2
76.5
77.3

73.6
73.9
76.1
76.6
77.4

73.6
74.2
76.2
76.7
77.5

Civilian employment-population ratio, men, 25 to 54 years
87.2
85.6
88.2
88.9
88.3

86.7
86.0
88.6
88.4
88.5

86.4
86.4
88.5
88.7
88.4

86.4
86.4
88.7
88.7
88.6

Civilian employment-population ratio, women, 25 to 54 years
61.2
61.4
64.4
64.9
66.3

61.4
61.7
64.3
65.1
66.6

61.5
62.1
64.2
65.1
67.0

61.5
62.5
64.2
65.3
66.9

Civilian employment-population ratio, both sexes, 25 to 34 years
73.3
73.2
75.9
76.4
76.9

72.9
73.3
76.2
76.5
77.2

72.9
73.7
76.2
76.7
77.1

73.2
73.8
76.5
76.5
77.2

Civilian employment-population ratio, men, 25 to 34 years
86.0
84.3
87.3
88.5
87.8

85.1
84.7
87.8
88.2
88.2

84.9
85.0
87.9
88.5
87.8

85.0
85.0
88.4
88.3
88.3

Civilian employment-population ratio, women, 25 to 34 years
61.3
62.6
64.8
64.9
66.3

61.4
62.5
65.1
65.4
66.6

61.4
62.9
64.9
65.5
66.7

61.9
63.1
65.1
65.4
66.6

Civilian employment-population ratio, both sexes, 35 to 44 years
75.9
75.1
78.5
78.7
79.1

76.0
75.5
78.2
78.6
79.3

75.9
75.9
78.1
78.8
79.8

75.8
76.2
77 8
78.9
80.0

Civilian employment-population ratio, men 35 to 44 years
89.4
87.9
90.6
90.7
89.8

89.1
88.4
90.5
90.1
90.0

88.9
88.7
90.3
90.4
90.2

88.6
88.7
89.8
90.6
90.1

Civilian employment-population ratio, women, 35 to 44 years




63.2
63.0
67.1
67.4
69.0

63.6
63.4
66.5
67.8
69.2

63.6
63.8
66.6
67.7
69.8

63.6
64.4
66.4
67.9
70.4

147

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
6. Employment-population ratios by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Percent)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

71.4
70.5
71.9
73.1
74.4

71.5
70.2
71.9
73.6
74.2

71.6
70.6
72.5
73.7
74.1

71.6
70.6
72.8
73.7
74.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

86.7
85.0
86.2
86.5
87.0

86.5
84.4
86.4
86.9
87.0

86.5
84.9
86.5
87.0
86.9

86.4
84.9
86.7
86.6
86.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

57.1
57.0
58.5
60.6
62.6

57.7
57.1
58.4
61.1
62.2

57.8
57.3
59.4
61.2
62.2

57.9
57.3
59.8
61.6
62.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

30.5
29.9
29.5
29.1
29.1

30.2
29.8
29.6
29.2
28.6

30.4
29.7
29.5
29.6
28.8

30.4
29.5
29.5
29.2
28.9

1982
1983 .
1984
1985
1986

42.0
40.6
40.3
39.2
39.3

41.7
40.5
40.3
39.4
38.6

41.9
40.5
39.9
40.0
38.9

41.9
40.4
39.9
39.5
38.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

21.6
21.6
21.2
21.2
21.1

21.3
21.5
21.5
21.3
20.9

21.6
21.3
21.4
21.5
21.0

21.6
21.2
21.5
21.3
21.0

1982
1983
1984
1985 ..
1986

52.2
51.6
51.4
51.7
51.5

51.7
51.4
51.8
51.8
51.0

52.2
51.1
51.7
52.4
51.3

52.2
50.9
52.0
52.0
51.4

1982
1983
1984
1985 .
1986

66.7
65.2
65.2
64.9
64.3

66.2
65.1
65.3
64.9
63.4

66.7
64.7
64.9
65.7
64.1

66.7
64.6
65.2
65.3
64.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

39.5
39.8
39.4
40 0
40.2

39.0
39.4
40.1
40.2
40.0

39.6
39.2
40.1
40.7
40.0

39.6
39.0
40.4
40.3
40.1

Year

May

June

July

August

October

November

December

71.3
72.3
72.8
73.8
74.8

71.3
72.2
72.9
73.6
75.1

71.1
72.0
73.2
74.0
74.9

71.0
72.0
73.1
74.1
75.3

85.7
86.3
87.0
87.0
87.2

85.7
86.1
87.1
86.8
87.1

85.5
85.7
87.4
87.0
86.8

85.5
85.9
87.1
87.1
87.1

57.9
59.4
59.6
61.4
63.3

57.8
59.2
59.8
61.3
63.9

57.7
59.3
59.9
61.9
63.8

57.4
59.1
60.1
61.9
64.2

30.6
29.9
29.4
28.9
28.8

30.0
29.8
29.0
29.1
28.7

30.0
29.8
29.1
28.9
28.9

29.9
29.8
29.3
28.9
28.9

41.8
40.7
40.0
39.3
38.3

41.0
40.7
39.6
39.4
38.3

41.0
40.9
39.4
39.2
38.7

40.8
40.5
39.6
39.0
39.1

21.5
21.5
20.9
21.1
21.1

21.6
21.4
21.2
21.0
21.2

21.4
21.5
21.4
21.0
20.9

52.8
51.6
51.7
51.7
51.8

51.9
51.7
51.1
52.0
51.9

52.0
51.8
51.5
51.8
52.1

51.6
51.9
52.0
51.6
52.0

67.3
65.3
65.2
64.9
64.3

66.2
65.4
64.7
65.0
64.5

65.8
65.7
64.9
64.8
64.7

65.3
65.6
65.5
64.3
65.0

40.1
39.6
40.0
39 9
40.7

39.5
39.7
39.2
40.5
40.8

39.8
39.6
39.9
40.2
40.8

39.5
40.0
40.2
40.3
40.5

September

Civilian employment-population ratio, both sexes, 45 to 54 years
72.0
70.5
72.8
73.8
74.2

72.0
71.3
73.3
73.4
74.3

72.1
71.7
73.1
73.3
74.7

71.5
72.1
73.3
73.8
74.4

Civilian employment-population ratio, men, 45 to 54 years
86.4
84.8
86.5
87.0
87.0

86.4
85.4
87.6
86.5
86.8

86.0
86.0
87.3
86.5
86.9

85.9
86.1
87.8
86.7
87.1

Civilian employment-population ratio, women, 45 to 54 years
58.6
57.2
60.0
61.4
62.3

58.7
58.1
59.9
61.0
62.7

59.2
58.5
59.8
60.8
63.4

58.0
59.0
59.8
61.7
62.6

Civilian employment-population ratio, both sexes, 55 years and over
30.5
29.5
29.4
29.1
29.0

30.5
29.6
29.2
29.0
29.3

30.4
29.7
29.3
28.8
29.2

30.2
29.7
29.2
29.0
29.2

Civilian employment-population ratio, men, 55 years and over
42.0
40.3
39.8
39.2
39.1

42.0
40.6
39.8
39.4
39.0

41.6
40.7
39.8
38.9
38.7

41.1
40.6
39.8
39.5
38.5

Civilian employment-population ratio, women, 55 years and over
21.7
21.2
21.5
21.2
21.2

21.7
21.2
21.2
21.0
21.8

21.7
21.2
21.2
20.9
21.7

21.8
21.3
21.1
20.9
21.9

22.0
21.6
21.2
20.8
21.3

Civilian employment-population ratio, both sexes, 55 to 64 years
52.1
51.0
51.8
51.7
51.8

52.0
51.3
51.7
51.8
52.4

52.1
51.4
51.7
51.6
52.2

52.2
51.3
51.6
51.9
52.3

Civilian employment-population ratio, men, 55 to 64 years
66.7
64.8
65.0
64.6
64.8

66.4
65.3
65.0
65.1
64.5

66.3
65.2
65.0
64.9
64.4

66.1
65.1
65.2
65.2
64.2

Civilian employment-population ratio, women, 55 to 64 years

148




39.4
39.0
40.3
40.4
40.4

39.5
39.2
40.1
39.9
41.6

39.6
39.4
40.1
39.8
41.5

40.0
39.3
39.6
40.1
41.8

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
6. Employment-population ratios by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Percent)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

11 6
11.3
11.1
10.4
10.9

11.5
11.3
11.0
10.5
10.6

11.5
11.4
10.8
10.7
10.6

11.5
11.3
10.7
10.5
10.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

17.4
16.7
16.4
14.9
16.1

17.4
16.5
16.3
15.2
15.6

17.4
17.0
15.9
15.7
15.7

17.4
16.9
15.7
15.3
15.7

7.6
7.6
7.4
7.2
7.2

7.5
7.7
7.3
7.3
7.0

7.5
7.6
7.3
7.2
7.1

7.5
7.5
7.3
7.2
7.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

59.1
58.2
59.9
60.7
61.4

59.2
58.1
60.1
61.0
61.2

59.1
58.1
60.2
61.1
61.3

59.0
58.3
60.3
61.0
61.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

71.4
69.5
71.5
72 2
72.6

71.5
69.4
71.7
72.2
72.3

71.2
69.3
71.8
72.4
72.2

71.0
69.5
71.9
72.4
72.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

48.0
47.9
49.2
50.3
51.2

48.0
47.8
49.5
50.7
51.0

48.1
47.9
49.5
50.8
51.2

48.1
48.0
49.7
50.6
51.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

46 4
45.4
47.6
48.9
48.0

46.3
45.0
47.7
49.4
48.8

46.3
44.5
47.6
49.3
49.1

46.3
44.5
48.0
48.9
48.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

48.4
46.3
47.8
50.6
49.1

48.2
46.2
48.9
49.9
49.7

48.0
45.2
49.1
50.8
49.4

47.3
45.6
48.7
51.1
49.3

1982 . . .
1983
1984
1985
1986

44.3
44.5
47.5
47.3
47.0

44.3
43.9
46.5
48.9
47.9

44.5
43.7
46.0
47.8
48.8

45.3
43.4
47.2
46.8
48.0

Year

June

May

July

August

October

November

December

11.5
11.6
10.8
10.4
10.4

11.2
11.4
10.8
10.4
10.2

11.3
11.4
10.6
10.4
10.5

11.3
11.1
10.6
10.5
10.6

16.8
16.9
16.0
15.5
14.8

16.4
16.8
15.8
15.5
14.6

16.7
17.0
15.4
15.4
15.3

16.8
16.3
15.2
15.6
15.8

7.9
7.9
7.2
6.8
7.4

7.6
7.7
7.3
6.9
7.1

7.5
7.5
7.3
6.9
7.2

7.5
7.5
7.4
7.0
6.9

58.7
59.5
60.5
61.1
61.6

58.5
59.5
60.6
61.2
61.7

58.3
59.8
60.6
61.3
61.7

58.2
60.0
60.8
61.3
61.8

70.3
70.9
72.3
72 4
72.3

70.1
71.0
72.3
72.5
72.2

69.8
71.4
72.3
72.4
72.4

69.6
71.6
72.4
72.3
72.6

48.2
49.1
49.7
50.8
51.9

47.9
49.1
49.8
51.0
52.0

47.9
49.3
49.9
51.1
51.9

47.8
49.4
50.1
51.1
52.0

45.6
46.4
48.0
48.0
49.4

45.5
47.1
48.1
48.7
48.7

44 8
47.8
48.6
48.2
48.7

46.5
47.8
49.3
48.8
50.5

46.3
49.0
49.5
49.3
49.9

45.9
49.3
50.2
49.2
49.2

44.7
45.0
46.8
47.1
48.2

44.6
45.3
46.8
48.0
47.5

43.7
46.3
46.9
47.2
48.3

September

Civilian employment-population ratio, both sexes, 65 years and over
11.9
11.2
10.7
10.4
10.7

11.9
11.1
10.5
10.3
10.8

11.6
11.2
10.6
10.1
10.8

11.3
11.3
10.6
10.3
10.7

Civilian employment-population ratio, men, 65 years and over
17.6
16.3
15.7
15.2
15.6

18.0
16.7
15.7
15.1
15.8

17.2
17.0
15.7
14.6
15.4

16.5
16.9
15.7
15.4
15.2

Civilian employment-population ratio, women 65 years and over
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986 .

7.7
7.3
6.9
7.0
7.4

7.9
7.6
7.2
7.0
7.2

7.8
7.2
7.0
7.0
7.5

7.7
7.5
7.2
6.7
7.5

Civilian employment-population ratio, white workers
59.3
58.4
60.7
61.0
61.4

I

58.9
58.9
60.9
60.6
61.6

58.8
59.1
60.7
60.8
61.6

58.8
59.3
60.4
60.8
61.8

Civilian employment-population ratio, white men
.

71.4
69.8
72.1
72.6
72.1

70.6
70.6
72.7
72.0
72.2

70.3
70.8
72.4
72.1
72.1

70.4
70.8
72.1
72.1
72.3

Civilian employment-population ratio, white women
48.3
48.0
50.3
50.5
51.5

48.3
48.2
50.0
50.3
51.9

48.3
48.5
50.1
50.4
52.0

48.3
48.9
49.7
50.5
52.2

Civilian employment-population ratio, white workers, 16 to 19 years
47.3
44.6
48.3
48.8
48.8

45.4
46.5
49.3
47.1
48.7

44.8
46.1
48.9
48.4
48.5

45 5
46.8
46.8
47.5
49.1

45.5
46.9
48.0
48.5
48.7

Civilian employment-population ratio, white men, 16 to 19 years
49.1
46.2
49.3
50.8
49.4

46.2
48.8
51.0
49.8
49.3

45.0
47.7
48.8
49.9
49.7

46.7
48.0
47.8
48.8
50.0

46.1
48.6
49.0
49.4
50.2

Civilian employment-population ratio, white women, 16 to 19 years




45.4
42.9
47.2
46.7
48.2

44.6
44.2
47.6
44.5
48.0

44.5
44.6
49.0
46.9
47.4

44.4
45.6
45.8
46.3
48.2

44.9
45.2
47.0
47.7
47.1

149

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
6. Employment-population ratios by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Percent)
Year

January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

60.4
59.4
61.0
61.7
62.6

60.5
59.3
61.2
61.9
62.2

60.3
59.4
61.3
62.1
62.3

60.2
59.6
61.4
62.0
62.4

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

73.8
71.8
73.8
74.1
74.7

73.9
71.6
73.9
74.2
74.3

73.6
71.7
73.9
74.3
74.2

73.4
71.9
74.1
74.2
74.2

48.3
48.2
49.4
50.5
51.5

48.4
48.2
49.7
50.8
51.2

48.4
48.2
49.8
51.0
51.4

48.3
48.4
49.9
50.9
51.5

50.5
48.8
50.6
53.5
54.1

50.2
49.3
51.8
52.9
53.9

49.8
49.1
51.3
53.2
54.2

49.4
48.9
51.2
53.4
54.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

57.1
55.0
58.1
59.9
60.8

57.2
55.3
59.4
59.6
60.4

56.8
55.4
58.5
59.5
60.9

56.6
55.2
57.7
59.6
60.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

45.2
43.8
44.4
48.4
48.5

44.5
44.5
45.7
47.5
48.6

44.2
44.0
45.5
48.1
48.7

43.7
43.8
46.0
48.3
48.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

21.1
19.4
18.8
24.3
24.6

21.3
18.7
20.9
23.6
25.6

19.7
19.2
19.2
24.3
25.2

18.0
18.5
21.0
25.2
25.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

24.2
21.2
20.9
25.3
26.2

23.8
20.3
21.3
25.1
27.7

21.1
21.0
22.7
26.1
26.1

19.8
19.5
23.4
27.1
26.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

183
17.8
16.8
23.3
23.0

18.9
17.2
20.5
22.2
23.7

18.4
17.5
15.8
22.7
24.3

163
17.5
18.7
23.3
23.8

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

59.7
60.7
61.6
62.3
62.7

59.5
61.0
61.7
62.3
62.8

59.5
61.0
61.8
62.4
62.9

72.4
73.2
74.4
74.6
74.1

72.1
73.5
74.4
74.5
74.4

72.0
73.7
74.4
74.4
74.6

48.5
49.4
49.9
51.1
52.3

48.2
49.4
50.1
51.3
52.3

48.2
49.6
50.2
51.3
52.3

48.2
49.6
50.4
51.4
52.3

49.2
50.2
53.0
53.4
53.8

48.9
49.8
53.1
53.5
54.2

49.0
50.3
53.6
53.2
54.2

48.8
50.3
53.5
53.9
54.4

55.1
56.9
59.9
60.4
60.0

55.0
57.1
60.2
60.0
60.3

55.5
58.0
60.6
59.5
60.4

54.6
58.0
60.0
60.1
61.2

44.4
44.8
47.5
47.7
48.9

44.0
43.9
47.4
48.2
49.3

43.8
44.2
48.0
48.1
49.2

44.1
44.1
48.1
48.8
49.0

19.4
17.9
23.7
25.1
26.3

18.9
19.3
23.4
24.1
25.1

19.3
19.2
23.5
24.5
25.3

20.7
21.4
24.3
27.4
26.2

19.2
22.3
25.4
23.7
26.3

19.5
21.3
24.7
27.0
26.6

18.2
14.5
23.2
22.8
26.5

18.6
16.4
21.4
24.4
24.1

19.2
17.1
22.3
22.1
24.0

Civilian employment-population ratio, white workers, 20 years and over
60.5
59.6
61.8
62.0
62.4

60.2
60.0
61.9
61.8
62.7

60.1
60.3
61.8
61.8
62.7

60.1
60.5
61.5
62.0
62.9

60.0
60.6
61.6
62.2
62.7

Civilian employment-population ratio, white men, 20 years and over
73.6
72.1
74.2
74.5
74.1

73.1
72.7
74.7
74.0
74.2

72.9
73.0
74.5
74.0
74.1

72.8
73.0
74.3
74.2
74.3

72.7
73.0
74.5
74.4
74.2

Civilian employment-population ratio, white women, 20 years and over
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

.

48.6
48.4
50.5
50.8
51.8

48.6
48.6
50.2
50.7
52.2

48.6
48.9
50.2
50.7
52.4

48.6
49.2
50.0
50.9
52.5

Civilian employment-population ratio, black workers
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

.

49.5
48.9
52.1
53.1
54.3

49.2
49.2
52.4
53.6
54.2

49.4
49.9
52.0
53.3
54.1

49.5
49.7
52.9
53.9
53.5

Civilian employment-population ratio, black men
56.4
54.9
59.2
59.6
61.1

55.5
56.1
58.7
59.9
60.7

56.1
56.7
58.4
60.0
60.6

56.0
56.4
59.7
61.3
59.9

Civilian employment-population ratio, black women
44.0
44.1
46.3
47.9
48.9

44.2
43.7
47.2
48.5
48.8

44.0
44.4
46.9
47.9
48.8

44.3
44.3
47.4
47.8
48.3

Civilian employment-population ratio, black workers, 16 to 19 years
1

18.3
18.4
19.9
25.0
25.7

15.6
18.9
23.9
23.4
26.0

17.9
19.1
23.1
25.3
24.0

19.1
18.5
23.2
26.0
23.1

19.6
17.7
23.1
24.6
25.2

Civilian employment-population ratio, black men, 16 to 19 years
19.9
18.4
23.8
26.4
28.6

14.8
20.3
25.1
24.2
26.4

19.5
21.8
24.4
26.9
25.4

21.4
19.3
24.9
29.6
25.5

20.3
18.1
25.5
26.6
25.9

Civilian employment-population ratio, black women, 16 to 19 years

150




16.8
18.3
16.1
23.8
22.8

16.3
17.6
22.8
22.7
25.5

16.5
16.5
21.8
23.8
22.6

16.9
17.7
21.6
22.4
20.8

19.0
17.2
20.8
22.7
24.5

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
6. Employment-population ratios by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Percent)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

54.6
52.8
54.7
57.2
57.6

54.2
53.5
55.8
56.6
57.3

54.0
53.1
55.4
56.8
57.6

53.8
53.0
55.1
56.9
57.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

62.2
60.1
63.5
64.7
65.5

62.4
60.6
64.8
64.4
64.8

62.3
60.6
63.5
64.1
65.5

62.2
60.6
62.5
64.1
65.4

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

48.7
47.0
47.7
51.2
51.4

47.8
47.9
48.7
50.4
51.3

47.5
47.3
49.0
50.9
51.4

47.2
47.1
49.2
51.1
51.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

56.1
53.7
57.2
57.3
57.6

56.5
53.7
57.2
58.3
57.4

56.5
53.2
57.3
57.9
58.1

55.7
54.3
56.8
57.5
58.2

Year

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

52.9
54.0
56.8
57.0
57.6

53.1
54.4
57.3
56.8
57.7

52.9
54.4
57.1
57.4
57.9

60.2
62.3
65.1
64.4
64.8

60.9
63.2
65.4
64.3
65.0

60.0
63.3
64.8
64.6
65.7

47.5
48.1
50.5
50.5
51.5

47.2
47.4
50.2
51.1
51.8

46.9
47.5
51.0
50.8
51.9

47.3
47.3
51.1
51.8
51.7

54.0
55.8
58.3
58.7
58.6

54.2
55.8
58.1
58.0
58.9

53.6
56.0
58.4
57.4
59.5

53.7
56.6
59.1
57.5
59.4

Civilian employment-population ratio, black workers, 20 years and over
53.9
53.0
56.1
56.6
57.8

53.9
53.3
56.0
57.3
57.5

53.7
54.0
55.7
56.8
57.7

53.7
53.8
56.7
57.3
57.1

53.2
54.5
56.7
56.9
57.3

Civilian employment-population ratio, black men, 20 years and over
61.9
60.3
64.1
64.2
65.4

61.8
61.4
63.4
64.8
65.3

61.7
61.9
63.1
64.5
65.3

61.3
61.8
64.5
65.6
64.5

60.4
62.5
64.6
65.0
64.5

Civilian employment-population ratio, black women, 20 years and over
47.5
47.3
49.8
50.6
51.7

47.7
46.9
50.1
51.4
51.4

47.5
47.8
49.7
50.6
51.6

47.7
47.5
50.4
50.7
51.3

Civilian employment-population ratio, Hispanic-origin workers




55.6
54.5
57.9
57.4
58.1

54.6
55.0
58.4
57.4
58.6

54.1
55.6
58.2
57.5
58.8

54.0
55.9
58.1
58.5
58.5

151

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
7. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(In thousands)
Year

January

February

March

April

May

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

9,397
11,526
9,038
8,506
7.902

9,705
11,542
8,815
8,365
8,485

9,895
11,403
8,750
8.351
8,380

10,244
11,268
8,749
8,364
8,323

10,335
11.152
8,456
8,291
8,422

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,396
6,658
5,136
4,626
4,274

5,494
6,777
4,960
4,578
4,595

5,681
6,699
4,901
4,512
4,572

5,838
6,679
4,888
4,563
4,517

5,887
6,609
4,674
4,427
4,653

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,001
4,868
3,902
3,880
3,628

4,211
4,765
3,855
3,787
3,890

4,214
4,704
3,849
3,839
3,808

4,406
4,589
3,861
3,801
3,806

4,448
4,543
3.782
3,864
3,769

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1.908
1,930
1,554
1,517
1,413

1,966
1,859
1,548
1,479
1,500

1,868
1.904
1,576
1,475
1,460

1,958
1,892
1,541
1,402
1,548

1,992
1,828
1,490
1,483
1,504

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,038
1,062
855
820
730

1,059
1,046
828
816
799

1,057
1,080
854
784
783

1,096
1,040
824
772
829

1,099
1.006
796
798
833

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

870
868
699
697
683

907
813
720
663
701

811
824
722
691
677

862
852
717
630
719

893
822
694
685
671

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7,489
9,596
7,484
6,989
6,489

7,739
9,683
7,267
6,886
6,985

8,027
9,499
7,174
6,876
6,920

8,286
9,376
7,208
6,962
6,775

8,343
9,324
6,966
6,808
6,918

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,358
5,596
4,281
3,806
3,544

4,435
5,731
4,132
3.762
3,796

4,624
5,619
4,047
3,728
3,789

4,742
5,639
4,064
3,791
3,688

4,788
5,603
3,878
3,629
3,820

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3,131
4,000
3,203
3,183
2,945

3,304
3,952
3,135
3,124
3,189

3,403
3,880
3,127
3,148
3,131

3,544
3,737
3,144
3,171
3,087

3,555
3,721
3,088
3,179
3,098

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Unemployed, all civilian workers
10,538
11,248
8,212
8,385
8,392

10,849
10,530
8,486
8,438
8,230

10,881
10,599
8,493
8,141
8.057

11,217
10,276
8,356
8,242
8,285

11,529
9,877
8,372
8,288
8,222

11,938
9,500
8,207
8,171
8,243

12,051
9 369
8,385
8,184
7,949

6,348
6,222
4,618
4,429
4,428

6,635
5,994
4,636
4,432
4,600

6,819
5,744
4,541
4,570
4,565

6,998
5,478
4,517
4,455
4,574

7,030
5,310
4,639
4,411
4,439

4.533
4,377
3,875
3,712
3,629

4,582
4,282
3,720
3,810
3,685

4,710
4,133
3,831
3,718
3,657

4,940
4,022
3,690
3,716
3,669

5,021
4,059
3,746
3,773
3,510

2,014
1,913
1,458
1,373
1,429

2,000
1,759
1,518
1,400
1,465

2,013
1,711
1,460
1,577
1,414

2,056
1,636
1,396
1,444
1,447

2,026
1,612
1,498
1,494
1,359

1,108
1,071
757
798
794

1,099
967
806
772
795

1,108
934
803
897
751

1,145
875
782
791
754

1,127
863
817
794
714

901
792
712
628
670

905
111
657
680
663

911
761
614
653
693

899
749
681
700
645

9,217
8,517
6,838
6,842
6,820

9,516
8,166
6,912
6,711
6,808

9,882
7,864
6,811
6,727
6,796

10,025
7,757
6,887
6,690
6,590

5,536
5,027
3,830
3,660
3,805

5,711
4,810
3,738
3,673
3,814

5,853
4,603
3,735
3,664
3,820

5,903
4,447
3,822
3,617
3,725

3,681
3,490
3,008
3,182
3,015

3,805
3.356
3,174
3,038
2,994

4,029
3,261
3,076
3,063
2,976

4,122
3,310
3,065
3,073
2,865

Unemployed men
6,135
6,437
4,560
4,614
4,619

6,261
6.190
4,694
4,598
4,566

Unemployed women

..

.

.

4,403
4,811
3,652
3,771
3,773

4,588
4,340
3,792
3,840
3,664

Unemployed both sexes, 16 to 19 years
1,902
2,025
1,475
1,402
1,502

2,011
1,869
1,484
1,572
1,409

Unemployed, men, 16 to 19 years
1,063
1,071
789
767
811

1,078
1,018
832
865
755

Unemployed, women, 16 to 19 years
839
954
686
635
691

933
851
652
707
654

906
842
701
575
635

Unemployed both sexes, 20 years and over
8,636
9,223
6,737
6,983
6,890

8,838
8,661
7,002
6,866
6,821

8,867
8,686
7,035
6,768
6,628

Unemployed men, 20 years and over
5,072
5,366
3,771
3,847
3,808

5,183
5,172
3,862
3,733
3,811

5,240
5,151
3,861
3,631
3,634

Unemployed women, 20 years and over

152




3,564
3,857
2,966
3,136
3,082

3,655
3,489
3,140
3,133
3,010

3.627
3,535
3.174
3,137
2,994

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
7. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(In thousands)
Year

March

April

June

January

February

2,166
2,578
2,004
1,759
1,643

2,249
2,608
1,868
1,785
1,706

2,294
2,492
1,885
1,769
1,665

2,347
2,456
1,943
1,738
1,670

2,294
2,425
1,815
1,777
1,738

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,284
1,517
1,134
960
868

1,317
1,522
1,045
990
895

1,357
1,429
1,040
971
911

1,369
1,452
1,091
933
928

1,331
1,454
962
988
945

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

882
1,061
870
799
775

932
1,086
823
795
811

937
1,063
845
798
754

978
1,004
852
805
742

963
971
853
789
793

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,325
7,036
5,505
5,264
4,884

5,501
7,084
5,400
5,098
5,275

5,755
7,016
5,286
5,097
5,239

5,947
6,931
5,273
5,220
5,097

6,080
6,908
5,139
5,011
5,161

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3,080
4,101
3,172
2,880
2,712

3,134
4,224
3,094
2,779
2,906

3,283
4,196
3,005
2,750
2,867

3,385
4,201
2,985
2,860
2,758

3,476
4,151
2,905
2,618
2,855

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2,245
2,935
2,333
2,384
2,172

2,367
2,860
2,306
2,319
2,369

2,472
2,820
2,281
2,347
2,372

2,562
2,730
2,288
2,360
2,339

2,604
2,757
2,234
2,393
2,306

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,706
6,231
4,807
4,635
4,307

4,827
6,233
4,737
4,511
4,641

5,068
6,210
4,638
4,508
4,615

5,182
6,063
4,614
4,608
4,521

5,377
6,132
4,494
4,393
4,634

1982
1983 ...
1984
1985
1986

2,692
3,570
2,729
2,491
2,359

2,710
3,674
2,677
2,419
2,528

2,860
3,672
2,582
2,404
2,494

2,926
3,627
2,584
2,511
2,420

3,056
3,633
2,509
2,271
2,536

2,014
2,661
2,078
2,144
1,948

2,117
2,559
2,060
2,092
2,113

2,208
2,538
2,056
2,104
2,121

2,256
2,436
2,030
2,097
2,101

2,321
2,499
1,985
2,122
2,098

May

July

August

September

October

November

December

Unemployed both sexes, 20 to 24 years
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

.

....

2,358
2,356
1,743
1,755
1,655

2,436
2,304
1,868
1,693
1,572

2,453
2,206
1,804
1,698
1,708

2,531
2,183
1,771
1,724
1,608

2,639
2,077
1,761
1,743
1,558

2,630
1,976
1,781
1,665
1,627

1,418
1,355
1,044
899
831

1,484
1,274
1,049
896
966

1,509
1,278
953
938
864

1,564
1,188
961
937
881

1,544
1,136
999
881
909

969
932
755
802
742

1,022
905
818
786
744

1,075
889
800
806
677

1,086
840
782
784
718

6,776
6,320
5,040
5,156
5,130

6,983
5,977
5,134
4,984
5,197

7,230
5,785
5,048
4,979
5,230

7,396
5,798
5,123
5,034
4,961

4,068
3,767
2,793
2,779
2,857

4,204
3,528
2,781
2,733
2,945

4,272
3,408
2,771
2,722
2,931

4,323
3,298
2,816
2,730
2,809

2,708
2,553
2,247
2,377
2,273

2,779
2,449
2,353
2,251
2,252

2,958
2,377
2,277
2,257
2,299

3,073
2,500
2,307
2,304
2,152

5,666
5,651
4,519
4,486
4,525

6,008
5,553
4,380
4,543
4,523

6,183
5,266
4,455
4,406
4,597

6,351
5,032
4,371
4,381
4,630

6,482
5,006
4,454
4,417
4,422

3,349
3,340
2,422
2,418
2,471

3,590
3,274
2,362
2,412
2,472

3,685
3,079
2,383
2,374
2,558

3,735
2,938
2,365
2,362
2,568

3,773
2,814
2,418
2,383
2,462

2,418
2,279
2,018
2,131
2,051

2,498
2,187
2,072
2,032
2,039

2,616
2,094
2,006
2,019
2,062

2,709
2,192
2,036
2,034
1,960

2,377
2,225
1,802
1,740
1,662

Unemployed men, 20 to 24 years
1,371
1,387
990
974
888

1,392
1,355
987
950
905

Unemployed women, 20 to 24 years
987
969
753
781
767

985
870
815
790
757

1,018
949
824
794
741

Unemployed both sexes, 25 years and over
6,290
6,878
4,984
5,210
5,212

6,428
6,408
5,184
5,113
5,148

6,393
6,360
5,160
5,089
5,087

Unemployed men, 25 years and over
3,701
3,963
2,755
2,840
2,885

3,755
3,784
2,856
2,769
2,896

3,827
3,808
2,831
2,755
2,835

Unemployed women, 25 years and over
2,589
2,915
2,229
2,370
2,327

2,673
2,624
2,328
2,344
2,252

2,566
2,552
2,329
2,334
2,252

Unemployed both sexes, 25 to 54 years
5,473
6,033
4,300
4,580
4,677

5,652
5,645
4,548
4,476
4,584

Unemployed men, 25 to 54 years
.

3,234
3,481
2,386
2,474
2,551

3,307
3,303
2,459
2,375
2,548

Unemployed women, 25 to 54 years
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

.

.




2,239
2,552
1,914
2,106
2,126

2,345
2,342
2,089
2,101
2,036

2,317
2,311
2,097
2,068
2,054

153

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
7. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(In thousands)
January

February

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2,552
3,346
2,606
2,401
2,216

2,603
3,321
2,555
2,331
2,409

2,745
3,384
2,521
2,276
2,403

2,884
3,210
2,452
2,401
2,382

2,951
3,217
2,339
2,326
2,439

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,484
1,931
1,505
1,287
1,176

1,527
1,985
1,458
1,251
1,268

1,594
2,052
1,390
1,221
1,274

1,681
1.954
1,365
1,299
1,271

1,700
1,937
1,301
1,210
1,336

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,068
1,415
1,101
1,114
1,040

1,076
1,336
1,097
1,080
1,141

1,151
1,332
1,131
1,055
1,129

1,203
1,256
1,087
1,102
1,111

1,251
1,280
1,038
1,116
1,103

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,317
1,802
1,340
1,387
1,283

1,362
1,804
1,342
1,335
1,443

1,399
1,742
1,311
1,366
1,411

1,406
1,719
1,358
1,320
1,361

1,482
1,785
1,320
1,329
1,397

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

735
1,016
747
720
741

715
1,012
745
701
825

773
978
725
718
769

761
1,003
768
715
700

825
1,034
746
676
749

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

582
786
593
667
542

647
792
597
634
618

626
764
586
648
642

645
716
590
605
661

657
751
574
653
648

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

837
1,083
861
847
808

862
1,108
840
845
789

924
1,084
806
866
801

892
1,134
804
887
778

944
1,130
835
738
798

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

473
623
477
484
442

468
677
474
467
435

493
642
467
465
451

484
670
451
497
449

531
662
462
385
451

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

364
460
384
363
366

394
431
366
378
354

431
442
339
401
350

408
464
353
390
329

413
468
373
353
347

Year

March

April

June

May

July

September

October

3,113
3,003
2,302
2,352
2,387

3,324
2,957
2,165
2,398
2,396

3,354
2,809
2,260
2,340
2,427

3,379
2,744
2,268
2,330
2,447

3,463
2,681
2,302
2,304
2,371

1,863
1,794
1,239
1,266
1,277

2,000
1,747
1,157
1,273
1,291

2,020
1,635
1,226
1,235
1,352

2,010
1,591
1,261
1,218
1,333

2,060
1,497
1,306
1,215
1,297

1,324
1,210
1,008
1,125
1,105

1,334
1,174
1,034
1,105
1,075

1,369
1,153
1,007
1,112
1,114

1,403
1,184
996
1,089
1,074

1,588
1,595
1,410
1,338
1,349

1,612
1,613
1,379
1,323
1,342

1,740
1,502
1,369
1,272
1,404

1,853
1,401
1,260
1,297
1,410

1,947
1,392
1,300
1,320
1,328

921
930
773
675
770

951
949
757
683
755

1,025
883
721
663
794

1,079
809
649
701
792

1,098
774
632
738
751

667
665
637
663
579

661
664
622
640
587

715
619
648
609
610

774
592
611
596
618

849
618
668
582
577

965
1,053
807
796
789

1,072
983
836
822
785

1,089
955
826
794
766

1,119
887
843
754
773

1,072
933
852
793
723

565
616
410
477
424

639
578
448
456
426

640
561
436
476
412

646
538
455
443
443

615
543
480
430
414

400
437
397
319
365

433
405
388
366
359

449
394
390
318
354

473
349
388
311
330

457
390
372
363
309

August

November

December

Unemployed both sexes, 25 to 34 years
3,109
3,201
2,251
2,353
2,423

3,153
2,949
2,364
2,290
2,420

Unemployed men, 25 to 34 years
1,852
1,874
1,250
1,252
1,313

1,872
1,744
1,300
1,192
1,342

Unemployed women, 25 to 34 years
1,257
1,327
1,001
1,101
1,110

1,281
1,205
1,064
1,098
1,078

1,250
1,209
1,063
1,086
1,110

Unemployed both sexes, 35 to 44 years
1,483
1,745
1,295
1,422
1,386

1,517
1,687
1,342
1,364
1,364

Unemployed men, 35 to 44 years
859
985
737
762
762

868
965
743
716
754

Unemployed women, 35 to 44 years
624
760
558
660
624

649
722
599
648
610

Unemployed both sexes, 45 to 54 years
881
1,087
754
805
868

982
1,009
842
822
800

Unemployed men, 45 to 54 years
523
622
399
460
476

567
594
416
467
452

Unemployed women, 45 to 54 years

154




358
465
355
345
392

415
415
426
355
348

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
7. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(In thousands)

Year

October

Unemployed both sexes, 55 years and over
777
745
778
778
752
814
834
784
670
676
690
648
619
644
655
658
561
556
569
574

783
756
645
597
587

806
725
690
581
603

832
720
646
565
571

855
735
620
585
527

496
479
410
336
356

480
480
413
350
364

518
454
396
356
385

522
462
399
353
361

540
466
389
346
351

years and over
326
281
291
273
245
260
253
283
224
205

303
276
232
247
223

288
271
294
225
218

310
258
247
212
210

315
269
231
239
176

both sexes, 55 to 64 years
698
662
683
715
640
658
594
567
563
562
526
547
470
474
480

664
619
547
518
496

688
639
594
490
513

703
622
546
473
485

725
617
538
491
442

421
403
353
293
299

401
400
358
304
308

439
409
347
300
324

436
404
345
294
306

456
396
341
290
302

241
237
214
233
175

263
219
189
214
188

249
230
247
190
189

267
218
201
179
179

269
221
197
201
140

Unemployed both sexes, 65 years and over
115
95
118
80
112
126
121
119
103
85
120
96
93
111
88
93
87
94
87
99

119
137
98
79
91

118
86
96
91
90

129
98
100
92
86

130
118
82
94
85

75
76
57
43
57

79
80
55
46
56

79
45
49
56
61

86
58
54
59
55

84
70
48
56
49

women, 65 years and over
34
34
40
42
49
36
53
41
46
38
40
50
27
31
30

40
57
43
33
35

39
41
47
35
29

43
40
46
33
31

46
48
34
38
36

631
822
705
635
581

659
838
660
586
631

703
817
648
592
623

750
859
653
612
576

1982
1983
1984 .
1985
1986

384
526
436
380
345

397
530
408
354
373

427
521
411
338
364

457
577
408
359
348

Unemployed m e n 55 years and over
462
452
439
505
493
538
390
403
418
369
394
405
350
344
363

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

247
296
269
255
236

262
308
252
232
258

276
296
237
254
259

293
282
245
253
228

Unemployed
306
276
258
275
212

women, 55
316
329
300
261
206

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

551
699
605
533
493

572
715
565
502
525

603
720
553
494
514

638
747
554
518
501

Unemployed
627
693
556
556
469

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

333
445
381
316
297

343
444
360
303
310

357
454
363
279
301

383
501
354
308
298

Unemployed men, 55 to 64 years
391
416
373
416
428
457
359
347
341
334
339
322
287
291
285

218
254
224
217
196

229
271
205
199
215

246
266
190
215
213

255
246
200
210
203

Unemployed women, 55 to 64 years
282
254
292
287
236
242
247
215
204
223
234
213
179
184
193

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

80
123
100
102
88

87
123
95
84
106

100
97
95
98
109

112
112
99
94
75

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

51
81
55
64
48

54
86
48
51
63

70
67
48
59
63

74
76
54
51
50

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

29
42
45
38
40

33
37
47
33
43

30
30
47
39
46

38
36
45
43
25

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

.....

.

..

..

.

. ..




April

September

February

1982 .
1983
1984
1985
1986

March

August

January

May

June

Unemployed
66
81
77
47
59
Unemployed
52
40
43
41
28

July

men, 65 years and over
46
61
77
77
43
44
55
71
72
63

November

December

155

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
7. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(In thousands)
Year

January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7,259
8,789
6,772
6,405
5,894

7,448
8,897
6,642
6,173
6,398

7,628
8,741
6,573
6,216
6,253

7,942
8,565
6,533
6,222
6,142

7,935
8,466
6,325
6,127
6,248

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,222
5,140
3,942
3,524
3,212

4,298
5,341
3,808
3,460
3,497

4,446
5,285
3,751
3,398
3,474

4,607
5,208
3,691
3,438
3,388

4,601
5,121
3,548
3,316
3,508

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3,037
3,649
2,830
2,881
2,682

3,150
3,556
2,834
2,713
2,901

3,182
3,456
2,822
2,818
2,779

3,335
3,357
2,842
2,784
2,754

3,334
3,345
2,777
2,811
2,740

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,513
1,499
1,154
1,108
1,011

1,526
1,452
1,166
1,068
1,104

1,443
1,533
1,215
1,084
1,029

1,566
1,458
1,146
1,028
1,122

1,532
1,397
1,117
1,092
1,095

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

849
825
655
596
518

835
824
610
611
588

817
868
660
581
557

878
811
615
568
607

858
751
603
599
604

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

664
674
499
512
493

691
628
556
457
516

626
665
555
503
472

688
647
531
460
515

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,746
7,290
5,618
5,297
4,883

5,922
7,445
5,476
5,105
5,294

6,185
7,208
5,358
5,132
5,224

6,376
7,107
5,387
5,194
5,020

6,403
7,069
5,208
5,035
5,153

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3,373
4,315
3,287
2,928
2,694

3,463
4,517
3,198
2,849
2,909

3,629
4,417
3,091
2,817
2,917

3,729
4,397
3,076
2,870
2,781

3,743
4,370
2,945
2,717
2,904

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2,373
2,975
2,331
2,369
2,189

2,459
2,928
2,278
2,256
2,385

2,556
2,791
2,267
2,315
2,307

2,647
2,710
2,311
2,324
2,239

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Unemployed white workers
8,169
8,490
6,142
6,396
6,226

8,408
7,920
6,177
6,292
6,154

8,371
7,967
6,270
6,146
5,945

8,667
7,765
6,259
6,110
6,158

8,896
7,464
6,243
6,165
6,150

9,266
7,177
6,104
5,957
6,174

9,350
7,012
6,264
6,068
5,970

5,006
4,774
3,453
3,421
3,300

5,199
4,646
3,516
3,335
3,482

5,334
4,486
3,450
3,439
3,473

5,511
4,248
3,455
3,318
3,509

5,483
4,098
3,512
3,309
3,426

3,365
3,193
2,817
2,725
2,645

3,468
3,119
2,743
2,775
2,676

3,562
2,978
2,793
2,726
2,677

3,755
2,929
2,649
2,639
2,665

3,867
2,914
2,752
2,759
2,544

1,536
1,287
1,131
1,021
1,094

1,580
1,281
1,080
1,166
1,071

1,584
1,214
1,023
1,037
1,107

1,579
1,201
1,101
1,090
1,026

849
698
606
550
600

865
719
587
671
561

879
660
587
555
583

875
654
598
577
540

687
589
525
471
494

715
562
493
495
510

705
554
436
482
524

704
547
503
513
486

7,131
6,478
5,128
5,089
5,064

7,316
6,183
5,163
4,999
5,079

7,682
5,963
5,081
4,920
5,067

7,771
5,811
5,163
4,978
4,944

4,350
3,948
2,910
2,785
2,882

4,469
3,767
2,863
2,768
2,912

4,632
3,588
2,868
2,763
2,926

4,608
3,444
2,914
2,732
2,886

2,781
2,530
2,218
2,304
2,182

2,847
2,416
2,300
2,231
2,167

3,050
2,375
2,213
2,157
2,141

3,163
2,367
2,249
2,246
2,058

Unemployed white men
4,855
4,949
3,441
3,609
3,496

4,964
4,728
3,460
3,522
3,458

Unemployed white womer
3,314
3,541
2,701
2,787
2,730

3,444
3,192
2,717
2,770
2,696

Unemployed white workers, 16 to 19 years
1,483
1,500
1,119
1,052
1,092

1,534
1,387
1,050
1,114
1,030

1,537
1,435
1,082
1,027
1,065

Unemployed white men, 16 to 19 years
834
782
596
573
607

846
749
617
627
550

865
787
557
596
594

Unemployed white women, 16 to 19 years
674
646
514
493
491

649
718
523
479
485

688
638
433
487
480

672
648
525
431
471

Unemployed white workers, 20 years and over
6,686
6,990
5,023
5,344
5,134

6,874
6,533
5,127
5,178
5,124

6,834
6,532
5,188
5,119
4,880

Unemployed white men, 20 years and over
4,021
4,167
2,845
3,036
2,889

4,118
3,979
2,843
2,895
2,908

4,141
3,987
2,896
2,825
2,706

Unemployed white women, 20 years and over

156



2,660
2,699
2,263
2,318
2,249

2,665
2,823
2,178
2,308
2,245

2,756
2,554
2,284
2,283
2,216

2,693
2,545
2,292
2,294
2,174

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
7. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(In thousands)
Year

January

February

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,940
2,467
2,026
1,877
1,838

1,994
2,317
1.944
1,981
1,868

2,033
2,319
1,971
1,872
1,864

2,034
2,367
1,966
1,870
1,878

2.087
2,365
1,891
1,901
1,882

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,055
1,326
1,046
956
951

1,078
1,247
1,020
1,006
967

1,093
1,230
1,054
951
956

1,088
1,280
1,054
954
952

1,116
1,306
987
952
967

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

885
1,141
960
921
887

916
1,070
924
975
901

940
1,089
917
921
908

946
1,087
912
916
926

971
1,059
904
949
915

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

360
378
363
372
373

383
368
354
387
366

397
342
351
360
396

374
393
362
345
390

414
390
343
364
373

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

175
207
186
210
192

198
196
197
190
189

219
193
188
185
203

210
205
190
185
197

216
227
180
177
204

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

185
171
177
162
181

185
172
157
197
177

178
149
163
175
193

164
188
172
160
193

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,580
2,089
1,663
1,505
1,465

1,611
1,949
1,590
1,594
1,502

1,636
1,977
1,620
1,512
1,468

1,660
1,974
1,604
1,525
1,488

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

880
1.119
860
746
759

880
1,051
823
816
778

874
1,037
866
766
753

878
1,075
864
769
755

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

700
970
803
759
706

731
898
767
778
724

762
940
754
746
715

782
899
740
756
733

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Unemployed black workers
2,073
2,418
1,840
1,743
1,894

2.123
2,280
2,021
1,870
1,789

2,143
2,305
1,948
1,744
1,837

2,252
2,198
1,805
1,859
1,853

2,303
2,094
1,858
1,837
1,825

2,329
2.029
1,824
1,926
1,809

2,413
2,074
1,862
1,880
1,739

1,146
1,261
1,001
860
945

1,258
1,167
943
949
961

1,280
1,068
948
975
947

1.288
1,048
897
983
912

1,357
1,029
969
966
861

997
1,044
947
884
892

994
1,031
862
910
892

1,023
1,026
910
862
878

1,041
981
927
943
897

1,056
1,045
893
914
878

423
439
370
317
333

404
413
365
338
336

396
382
356
370
315

414
377
357
369
303

404
378
356
377
311

216
250
190
177
170

220
226
184
194
171

215
182
197
199
168

230
190
188
210
149

224
185
198
197
158

184
187
181
144
165

181
200
159
171
147

184
187
169
159
154

180
193
158
180
153

1,848
1,785
1,440
1,521
1,517

1,907
1,712
1,502
1,467
1,510

1,915
1,652
1,467
1,557
1,506

2,009
1,696
1,506
1,503
1,428

1,038
941
759
755
790

1,065
886
751
776
779

1,058
858
709
773
763

1,133
844
771
769
703

810
844
681
766
727

842
826
751
691
731

857
794
758
784
743

876
852
735
734
725

Unemployed black men
..

.

1,135
1,306
1,010
894
973

1.128
1,250
1,081
947
950

Unemployed black womer
938
1,112
830
849
921

995
1,030
940
923
839

Unemployed black workers, 16 to 19 years
381
454
306
317
362

394
395
357
374
313

Unemployed black men, 16 to 19 years
226
255
173
186
182

205
218
183
207
181

Unemployed black women, 16 to 19 years
198
163
163
187
169

155
199
133
131
180

189
177
174
167
132

207
189
180
140
163

Unemployed black workers, 20 years and over
1,673
1,975
1,548
1,537
1,509

1,692
1,964
1.534
1.426
1,532

1,729
1,885
1,664
1,496
1,476

1,720
1,866
1,578
1,427
1,504

Unemployed black men, 20 years and over
900
1,079
807
775
763

909
1.051
837
708
791

923
1,032
898
740
769

930
1,011
811
683
775

Unemployed black women, 20 years and over




773
896
741
762
746

783
913
697
718
741

806
853
766
756
707

790
855
767
744
729

157

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
7. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(In thousands)
Year

January

February

March

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

775
1,054
832
803
802

813
1,067
743
730
931

822
1,072
849
794
831

863
1,030
857
800
840

944
974
786
805
870

1962
1983
1984
1985
1986

2.184
2.915
2,015
1,868
1,782

2,207
2,917
1.978
1.810
1,839

2.296
2.916
1,934
1,747
1,843

2,420
2,875
1,926
1,753
1,746

2.492
2.834
1.875
1.620
1.837

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1.605
2.066
1,594
1,590
1,452

1,776
2,005
1.588
1,476
1,550

1,818
1,964
1.544
1,605
1,557

1,986
1,934
1.567
1,615
1,491

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

594
775
647
631
630

598
750
643
672
628

607
774
659
636
643

651
738
641
681
609

671
723
611
676
641

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7,830
9,824
7,549
6,982
6,500

8.012
9,891
7,287
6,908
6,898

8.329
9,734
7,287
6,797
6,879

8,545
9,630
7,301
6,818
6,759

8,691
9,464
6,991
6,719
6,924

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1.106
1,120
841
840
753

1,108
1,140
829
801
758

1,122
1,109
876
756
755

1,113
1,086
843
695
786

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4,147
5,316
4,025
3,570
3,338

4,170
5,427
3,869
3,516
3,567

4,342
5,332
3.799
3,501
3,548

4,463
5,372
3.838
3,542
3,458

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2,577
3,388
2,683
2,572
2,409

2,734
3,324
2,589
2.591
2,573

2,865
3,293
2,612
2.540
2.576

2,969
3.172
2,620
2,581
2,515

2,971
3,110
2.570
2,568
2.558

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,569
1.719
1,509
1,553
1,437

1.650
1.604
1.488
1.420
1,547

1.585
1.678
1,474
1,557
1,502

1,721
1.650
1.453
1,558
1.567

1.648
1,683
1,469
1,587
1,515

April

June

May

July

August

September

October

November

December

Unemployed Hispanic-origin workers
920
1,005
770
816
861

946
869
770
848
852

973
921
791
808
893

1,020
860
817
874
855

1,034
883
778
840
789

1,075
837
802
813
874

2,918
2,435
1,879
1,797
1,780

3,040
2,321
1,863
1,720
1,898

3,060
2.224
1,819
1,751
1,862

3,054
2.123
1,843
1,766
1,822

1,954
1.789
1.558
1,610
1,455

2,052
1,682
1,593
1,516
1,430

2,218
1,652
1,510
1,544
1,429

2,149
1,684
1,528
1,514
1,378

696
669
618
673
653

712
690
589
693
646

651
668
631
647
590

727
613
662
624
650

784
671
604
606
656

9,194
8,987
6,980
6,701
6,518

9,538
8,671
6,858
6.718
6.739

9,928
8,346
6,968
6,727
6.688

10,159
7,943
6,786
6.721
6,673

10,247
7,751
6,908
6,668
6,465

1,178
983
832
757
727

1,187
987
809
850
686

1,178
898
836
770
691

1,149
865
829
786
679

5,266
4,751
3,603
3,449
3,528

5,482
4,540
3,501
3,432
3,556

5.557
4,342
3,481
3,445
3,584

5,631
4,197
3,577
3,405
3,466

3,039
2,950
2,587
2,553
2,418

3,094
2.937
2,423
2,512
2,484

3,259
2,819
2,658
2,445
2,446

3,424
2,703
2,469
2,506
2,398

3,467
2,689
2,502
2,477
2,320

1,664
1,613
1,529
1.464
1,561

1,708
1,617
1,496
1,521
1,551

1,650
1,566
1,437
1.587
1,563

1,798
1,554
1,395
1,425
1,538

1,789
1,612
1,461
1,498
1,459

1.001
922
799
802
882

Unemployed married men, spouse present
2.662
2.702
1.848
1,859
1,862

2.735
2.502
1,846
1,770
1,838

2.791
2.604
1,858
1,717
1,729

Unemployed married women, spouse present
1.883
1,937
1,559
1,564
1.527

1,844
2,045
1,528
1,606
1,488

1,907
1,811
1,569
1,563
1,514

1,874
1,820
1,607
1,513
1,478

Unemployed women who maintain families
698
723
608
617
636

720
689
620
658
610

Unemployed full-time workers
8.967
9,414
6,632
6,811
6,798

9,089
8,919
6,988
6,915
6,684

Unemployed full-time workers, both sexes, 16 to 19 years
1,178
1,017
783
756
784

1.147
1,174
764
726
747

1,168
1,073
775837
703

1,191
1,147
769
752
720

Unemployed full-time workers, men, 20 years and over
4,542
5,337
3,638
3,395
3,582

4,856
5,075
3,486
3,571
3,536

4,919
4.887
3,620
3,493
3,578

4,964
4,890
3,624
3,396
3,380

Unemployed full-time workers, women, 20 years and over
2,964
3,165
2.382
2,514
2,515

3,002
2,959
2.593
2,585
2,403

Unemployed part-time workers

158




1.516
1.765
1,529
1,520
1,550

1,799
1,637
1,533
1,549
1,565

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
7. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(In thousands)

Year

January

February

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

801
816
725
694
679

838
700
701
664
734

756
805
707
721
705

850
801
686
691
741

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

219
289
262
245
217

247
291
260
242
223

283
278
246
220
234

287
282
241
267
246

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

549
614
522
614
541

565
613
527
514
590

546
595
521
616
563

584
567
526
600
580




March

April

May

June

July

August

September

Unemployed part-time workers, both sexes, 16 to 19 years
812
828
740
838
804
780
836
793
694
712
701
709
717
647
669
739
714
734
752
710
Unemployed part-time workers, men, 20 years
255
206
256
268
268
281
252
264
241
245
244
240
247
240
229

and over
275
262
238
237
255

Unemployed part-time workers, women, 20 years and over
581
570
705
561
611
661
563
571
523
564
583
579
625
607
570
580
554
558
626
572

October

November

December

832
782
692
649
741

830
732
661
738
738

885
738
555
664
744

880
748
661
698
664

281
278
226
214
270

240
270
237
244
262

298
260
248
218
234

278
255
249
216
264

595
557
578
658
540

580
564
539
605
563

615
556
592
543
560

631
609
551
584
531

159

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
8. Unemployed persons by reason for and duration of unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Year

January

February

March

April

June

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5,346
6,835
4,830
4,307
3,802

5,273
6,855
4,722
4,223
4,147

5,648
6,848
4,613
4,144
4,210

5,899
6,758
4,523
4,225
4,035

5,933
6,780
4,347
3,910
4,214

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,880
2,159
1,237
1,202
1,143

1,806
2,050
1,235
1,192
1,136

1,890
1,982
1,232
1,139
1,144

2,003
1,984
1,115
1,210
1,057

1,952
1,945
1,181
1,055
1,118

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

827
819
797
864
977

935
839
780
857
985

893
914
782
853
989

908
820
784
826
1,071

874
814
813
871
979

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2,086
2,562
2,203
2,253
2,083

2,295
2,518
2,163
2,218
2,263

2,278
2,445
2,184
2,303
2,196

2,338
2,469
2,276
2,280
2,188

2,418
2,380
2,145
2,367
2,200

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,077
1,203
1,184
1,048
1,029

1,129
1,202
1,109
1,038
1,073

1,072
1,167
1,192
1,079
1,006

1,081
1,221
1,173
1,041
1,048

1,140
1,220
1,147
1,130
1,046

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3,924
3,666
3,317
3,689
3,373

3,808
3,721
3,330
3,481
3,534

3,896
3,496
3,330
3,514
3,536

3,951
3,537
3,358
3,480
3,565

3,885
3,542
3,193
3,534
3,610

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

3,074
3,320
2,555
2,593
2,505

3,122
3,180
2,498
2,484
2,615

3,107
3,152
2,515
2,474
2,625

3,227
3,112
2,460
2,489
2,650

3,295
2,978
2,384
2,549
2,671

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2,409
4,670
3,263
2,300
2,117

2,758
4,635
2,993
2,408
2,332

2,965
4,609
2,881
2,387
2,243

3,086
4,369
2,836
2,369
2,130

3,276
4,552
2,888
2,296
2,232

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,223
1,983
1,206
958
1,003

1,479
1,918
1,158
1,060
1,142

1,607
1,860
1,102
1,042
1,078

1,585
1,667
1,093
1,013
982

1,659
1,798
1,202
1,061
1,065

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

1,186
2,687
2,057
1,342
1,114

1,279
2,717
1,835
1,348
1,190

1,358
2,749
1,779
1,345
1,165

1,501
2,702
1,743
1,356
1,148

1,617
2,754
1,686
1,235
1,167

May

July

August

September

October

November

December

Unemployed job losers
6,207
6,564
4,256
4,112
4,272

6,377
6,200
4,484
4,327
4,063

6,388
6,138
4,219
4,130
3,824

6,870
5,910
4,182
4,126
4,044

7,260
5,508
4,287
4,035
3,984

7,372
5,244
4,155
4,098
3,947

7,162
5,088
4,242
3,996
3,890

2,228
1,672
1,185
1,139
1,017

2,519
1,567
1,129
1,187
1,029

2,472
1,385
1,165
1,153
1,072

2,488
1,343
1,067
1,175
1,073

2,383
1,327
1,096
1,135
1,078

836
802
847
889
990

784
860
853
857
1,041

792
875
837
940
1,027

780
853
875
807
1,056

815
847
875
902
1,036

2,401
2,461
2,299
2,167
2,199

2,426
2,331
2,250
2,356
2,145

2,247
2,327
2,141
2,212
2,190

2,594
2,274
2,180
2,221
2,119

2,656
2,226
2,254
2,251
2,019

1,291
1,220
1,115
955
1,014

1,282
1,238
1,060
915
1,038

1,301
1,129
1,079
1,062
972

1,257
1,169
1,010
1,038
1,076

1,302
1,177
1,021
1,042
1,015

3,895
3,627
3,563
3,428
3,436

3,966
3,762
3,325
3,499
3,415

3,873
3,490
3,427
3,431
3,418

3,974
3,348
3,399
3,484
3,382

3,939
3,457
3,380
3,417
3,355

3,354
3,031
2,420
2,524
2,407

3,494
2,766
2,518
2,493
2,524

3,471
2,733
2,389
2,529
2,563

3,518
2,651
2,348
2,445
2,613

3,425
2,520
2,557
2,507
2,389

3,696
4,064
2,600
2,248
2,272

3,889
3,853
2,558
2,278
2,373

4,185
3,640
2,514
2,276
2,168

4,485
3,528
2,436
2,207
2,217

4,662
3,372
2,398
2,209
2,171

1,830
1,538
1,085
1,022
1,068

1,871
1,402
1,094
1,025
1,110

1,939
1,360
1,085
1,076
950

2,147
1,359
1,016
912
1,045

2,098
1,310
1,007
1,005
1,023

1,866
2,526
1,515
1,226
1,204

2,018
2,451
1,464
1,253
1,263

2,246
2,280
1,429
1,200
1,218

2,338
2,169
1,420
1,295
1,172

2,564
2,062
1,391
1,204
1,148

Unemployed job losers on layoff
2,103
1,842
1,174
1,142
1,074

2,151
1,724
1,178
1,138
1,078

Unemployed job leavers
843
801
800
982
1,009

817
730
833
887
1,025

Unemployed reentrants
2,405
2,474
2,016
2,270
2,107

2,510
2,456
2,133
2,176
2,205

Unemployed new entrants
1,069
1,410
1,129
1,010
1,050

1,224
1,239
1,108
1,122
989

Unemployed less than 5 weeks
3,606
3,682
3,240
3,492
3,415

3,929
3,450
3,379
3,530
3,399

Unemployed 5 to 14 weeks
3,413
2,922
2,266
2,492
2,650

3.300
2,814
2,462
2,535
2,521

Unemployed 15 weeks and over
3,451
4,487
2,620
2,309
2,299

3,555
4,326
2,634
2,316
2,250

Unemployed 5 to 26 weeks
1,667
1,637
1,041
1,036
1,038

1,739
1,730
1,046
1,061
1,058

Unemployed 27 weeks and over

160




1,784
2,850
1,579
1,273
1,261

1,816
2,596
1,588
1,255
1,192

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
8. Unemployed persons by reason for and duration of unemployment—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Year

January

February

1982
1983
1984
1985 ....
1986

13.4
19.4
20.5
15.9
15.0

14.1
19.2
19.0
15.9
15.2

14.1
19.4
19.1
16.2
14.6

14.5
19.5
18.9
16.4
14.7

14.9
20.5
18.9
15.3
14.8

1982 ....
1983
1984
1985
1986

7.1
11.1
9.1
6.8
6.8

7.5
9.8
8.3
7.1
6.9

7.7
10.4
8.3
7.0
6.8

8.1
10.9
8.2
6.9
6.6

8.5
12.2
9.0
6.8
6.8

March

April

May

June

July

November

September

October

16.2
20.1
17.4
15.3
15.6

16.6
20.2
17.0
15.3
15.5

17.2
20.2
16.7
15.3
15.2

17.1
19.7
17.0
15.6
14.8

18.1
19.2
16.8
15.2
15.0

8.7
9.2
7.2
7.1
7.1

9.5
9.3
7.5
6.8
7.1

9.7
9.4
7.2
7.0
7.0

10.0
9.3
7.2
6.9
7.0

10.2
8.7
7.3
6.8
7.1

August

December

Average duration in weeks>
15.7
20.9
18.1
15.5
15.2

15.4
21.2
17.9
15.5
15.1

Median duration in weeks




9.5
11.4
7.6
6.7
7.2

8.5
10.1
7.5
7.0
7.1

161

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
9. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Percent)
Year

January

February

March

April

1982
1983 .
1984
1985
1986

8.5
10.3
7.9
7.3
6.7

8.7
10.3
7.7
7.2
7.1

8.9
10.2
7.6
7.1
7.0

9.2
10.0
7.6
7.1
7.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8.5
10.4
7.9
7.0
6.4

8.6
10.6
7.6
7.0
6.9

8.9
10.5
7.5
6.9
6.8

9.1
10.4
7.5
6.9
6.8

1982
1983
1984 ..
1985
1986

8.5
10.1
8.0
7.6
7.0

8.9
9.9
7.8
7.4
7.5

8.9
9.8
7.8
7.5
7.3

9.3
9.5
7.8
7.4
7.3

9.3
9.4
7.5
7.6
7.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8.6
10.4
8.1
7.4
6.8

8.9
10.4
7.8
7.3
7.2

9.0
10.3
7.8
7.2
7.2

9.3
10.2
7.7
7.3
7.1

9.4
10.1
7.4
7.2
7.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8.7
10.7
8.1
7.2
6.6

8.8
10.8
7.8
7.1
7.0

9.1
10.7
7.7
7.0
7.0

9.4
10.7
7.7
7.1
6.9

9.4
10.5
7.3
6.9
7.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8.5
10.1
8.0
7.7
7.0

8.9
9.9
7.8
7.5
7.5

8.9
9.8
7.8
7.5
7.3

9.3
9.5
7.8
7.5
7.3

9.3
9.5
7.6
7.6
7.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

22.0
23.1
19.5
18.8
18.2

22.6
22.7
19.4
18.3
18.9

21.8
23.5
19.9
18.3
18.4

22.8
23.4
19.3
17.6
19.3

22.8
22.8
18.7
18.6
18.8

1982
1983 .
1984
1985
1986

22.5
24.3
20.7
19.4
18.3

23.0
24.2
19.9
19.5
19.5

23.3
25.3
20.3
18.6
19.2

24.2
24.5
19.9
18.4
20.0

23.7
23.8
19.2
19.1
20.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

21.4
21.8
18.1
18.2
18.1

22.1
21.1
18.8
17.1
18.3

20.2
21.5
19.3
18.0
17.5

21.1
22.1
18.6
16.8
18.5

21.7
21.7
18.2
18.1
17.5

May

June

July

October

November

December

10.0
9.0
7.2
7.0
6.9

10.3
8.7
7.2
7.0
6.8

10.6
8.3
7.1
6.9
6.8

10.7
8.2
7.2
6.9
6.6

10.3
9.2
7.1
6.7
6.9

10.6
8.9
6.9
6.9
6.8

10.9
8.4
6.9
6.7
6.8

10.9
8.2
7.0
6.7
6.6

9.5
8.7
7.5
7.4
7.0

9.8
8.5
7.6
7.2
6.9

10.2
8.2
7.4
7.2
6.9

10.4
8.3
7.4
7.3
6.6

9.8
9.4
7.5
7.1
6.8

10.1
9.2
7.3
7.1
7.0

10.4
8.8
7.3
7.1
6.9

10.8
8.5
7.2
7.0
6.9

10.8
8.3
7.3
7.0
6.7

10.2
9.8
7.2
6.9
6.8

10.6
9.5
7.2
6.9
7.0

10.9
9.1
7.1
7.1
7.0

11.1
8.6
7.0
6.9
6.9

11.2
8.4
7.2
6.8
6.7

9.4
9.0
7.8
7.3
6.9

9.5
8.7
7.5
7.4
7.0

9.8
8.5
7.7
7.2
6.9

10.2
8.2
7.4
7.2
6.9

10.4
8.3
7.4
7.3
6.7

23.6
21.6
19.1
17.9
18.5

23.7
21.4
18.5
20.0
17.7

24.1
20.3
17.8
18.4
18.2

24.1
19.9
18.8
19.0
17.3

25.0
22.5
19.6
19.0
19.1

25.0
22.1
19.6
21.7
18.2

25.7
20.5
18.9
19.5
18.3

25.6
20.3
19.5
19.5
17.8

22.1
20.6
18.6
16.7
17.7

22.2
20.5
17.4
18.0
17.2

22.4
20.0
16.5
17.1
18.2

22.5
19.4
18.0
18.5
16.8

August

September

Unemployment rate, including resident Armed Forces, total
9.2
9.9
7.3
7.1
7.1

9.4
9.9
7.1
7.2
7.0

9.7
9.3
7.3
7.2
6.9

9.7
9.3
7.4
7.0
6.7

Unemployment rate, including resident Armed Forces, men
9.2
10.3
7.2
6.7
7.0

9.6
9.9
7.0
7.0
6.9

9.8
9.5
7.2
7.0
6.8

9.9
9.6
7.1
6.7
6.6

Unemployment rate, including resident Armed Forces, women
9.2
9.9
7.3
7.4
7.2

9.5
8.9
7.6
7.5
6.9

9.4
8.9
7.8
7.3
6.9

Unemployment rate , all civilian workers
9.6
10.1
7.2
7.3
7.1

9.8
9.4
7.4
7.3
7.0

Unemployment rate, men

..

9.8
10.2
7.1
7.2
7.1

10.0
9.8
7.3
7.1
7.0

Unemployment rate, women
9.2
9.9
7.3
7.4
7.2

9.6
9.0
7.6
7.5
7.0

Unemployment rate, both sexes, 16 to 19 years
22.9
24.1
18.3
18.5
18.9

24.0
22.8
18.5
19.7
17.9

23.7
22.9
18.7
17.8
18.0

Unemployment rate, men, 16 to 1 9 years
24.7
24.2
18.8
19.0
19.9

25.1
23.5
20.2
20.7
18.4

24.8
24.4
18.8
19.5
19.1

Unemployment rate, women, 16 to 19 years

162




21.0
24.0
17.7
17.8
17.9

22.8
22.0
16.7
18.6
17.3

22.4
21.2
18.6
15.8
16.7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
9. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(Percent)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7.5
9.4
7.2
6.5
6.0

7.7
9.4
6.9
6.4
6.4

7.9
9.3
6.8
6.4
6.3

8.2
9.1
6.9
6.5
6.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7.6
9.6
72
6.3
5.8

7.7
9.8
7.0
6.3
6.2

8.0
9.6
68
6.2
6.2

8.2
9.6
6.8
6.3
6.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7.3
9.0
7.1
6.8
6.1

7.7
8.9
6.9
6.7
6.6

7.9
8.8
6.9
6.7
6.5

8.2
8.4
6.9
6.7
6.4

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

13.5
16.0
12.5
11.1
10.5

14.0
16.2
11.7
11.3
10.9

14.2
15.6
11.8
11.2
10.7

14.6
15.3
12.1
11.0
10.8

14.3
15.3
11.3
11.3
11.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

149
17.7
13.2
11.5
10.5

15.3
17.7
12.2
11.8
10.8

15.7
16.8
12.1
11.7
11.0

15.9
17.0
12.6
11.2
11.3

15.5
17.1
11.2
11.8
11.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

11.9
14.2
11 7
10.6
10.6

12.5
14.4
11.1
10.6
11.0

12.5
14.1
11.4
10.7
10.3

13.0
13.5
11.5
10.8
10.2

12.8
13.2
11.3
10.6
10.8

6.3
8.2
6.2
5.8
5.2

6.5
8.2
6.1
5.6
5.6

6.8
8.1
6.0
5.6
5.6

7.0
8.0
5.9
5.7
5.4

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6.3
8.3
6.3
5.6
5.1

6.4
8.5
6.1
5.4
5.5

6.7
8.4
5.9
5.3
5.4

6.9
8.4
5.9
5.5
5.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6.3
8.0
6.2
6.1
5.4

6.6
7.8
6.1
5.9
5.8

6.9
7.7
6.0
5.9
5.8

7.1
7.4
6.0
5.9
5.7

Year

May

June

July

August

October

November

December

9.0
8.2
6.5
6.3
6.2

9.3
7.9
6.5
6.2
6.2

9.6
7.6
6.4
6.2
6.1

9.8
7.4
6.5
6.2
6.0

9.5
8.5
64
6.1
6.2

9.8
8.2
6.2
6.1
6.2

10.0
7.8
6.2
6.0
6.2

10.1
7.5
6.4
6.0
6.0

8.4
7.7
65
6.7
6.2

8.7
7.5
6.9
6.4
6.1

9.1
7.2
6.6
6.4
6.1

9.3
7.3
6.6
6.4
5.9

15.3
13.7
11.3
10.8
11.1

15.8
13.6
11.1
11.0
10.5

16.4
13.0
11.0
11.2
10.2

16.3
12.4
11.1
10.7
10.7

17.3
14.8
12.2
10.9
11.9

17.5
14.9
11.2
11.4
10.7

18.1
13.9
11.2
11.4
10.9

17.9
13.3
11.7
10.7
11.3

13.0
12.4
102
10.8
10.2

13.8
12.2
10.9
10.5
10.3

14.3
12.0
10.7
10.9
9.4

14.4
11.4
10.5
10.6
10.0

7.9
7.2
5.6
5.6
5.4

8.1
6.8
5.7
5.4
5.5

8.4
6.6
5.6
5.4
5.5

8.6
6.6
5.7
5.4
5.2

8.2
7.5
5.4
5.3
5.4

8.5
7.0
5.4
5.2
5.5

8.6
6.7
5.4
5.2
5.5

8.7
6.5
5.5
5.2
5.2

7.4
6.8
5.8
5.9
5.5

7.6
6.5
6.1
5.6
5.4

8.1
6.3
5.9
5.6
5.5

8.4
6.6
5.9
5.7
5.2

September

Unemployment rate, both sexes, 20 years and over
8.2
9.1
6.6
6.3
6.3

8.5
8.9
6.4
6.5
6.3

8.7
8.4
6.6
6.4
6.2

8.7
8.4
6.6
6.3
6.0

Unemployment rate, men, 20 years and over
8.3
9.6
6.5
6.0
6.2

8.7
9.1
6.3
6.4
6.2

8.9
8.8
6.5
6.2
6.2

9.0
8.7
6.5
6.0
5.9

Unemployment rate, women, 20 years and over
8.1
8.4
6.7
6.7
6.4

8.1
8.7
6.5
6.7
6.3

8.3
7.8
6.8
6.6
6.2

8.3
7.9
6.9
6.6
6.1

Unemployment rate, both sexes, 20 to 24 years
14.6
14.6
10.8
11.2
10.7

14.8
13.8
11.2
11.1
10.8

15.1
14.3
11.7
10.9
10.3

Unemployment rate, men, 20 to 24 years
16.0
15.9
11.3
11.7
10.9

16.2
15.6
11.5
11.5
11.1

16.5
15.6
12.2
10.9
10.3

Unemployment rate, vvomen, 20 to 24 years
13.1
13.1
10.1
10.5
10.4

13.2
11.7
10.8
10.6
10.4

13.6
12.7
11.2
10.8
10.2

Unemployment rate, both sexes, 25 years and over
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

. ..

7.1
7.9
5.7
5.5
5.5

7.3
7.9
5.6
5.7
5.5

7.5
7.3
5.8
5.6
5.4

7.4
7.3
5.7
5.5
5.4

Unemployment rate, men, 25 years and over
7.0
8.3
5.7
5.1
5.4

7.5
7.9
5.4
5.5
5.4

7.6
7.5
5.6
5.3
5.4

7.7
7.6
5.5
5.3
5.3

Unemployment rate, women, 25 years and over




7.2
7.5
5.8
6.0
5.6

7.1
7.8
5.8
6.0
5.6

7.3
7.1
6.0
5.9
5.4

7.0
6.8
6.0
5.9
5.4

163

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
9. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(Percent)
Year

January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6.8
8.7
6.6
6.1
5.5

6.9
8.7
6.4
5.9
5.9

7.3
8.7
6.3
5.9
5.9

7.4
8.4
6.2
6.0
5.7

7.6
8.5
6.0
5.7
5.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6.7
8.8
6.5
5.8
5.4

6.8
9.0
6.4
5.6
5.7

7.1
9.0
6.2
5.6
5.7

7.3
8.9
6.1
5.8
5.5

7.6
8.8
6.0
5.3
5.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6.8
8.7
6.6
6.5
5.6

7.1
8.4
6.5
6.3
6.1

7.4
8.3
6.4
6.3
6.1

7.6
7.9
6.3
6.2
6.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8.3
10.6
8.1
7.2
6.5

8.4
10.6
7.9
7.0
7.0

8.9
10.7
7.8
6.8
7.0

9.3
10.1
7.5
7.2
6.9

9.5
10.1
7.2
7.0
7.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8.4
10.9
8.2
6.9
6.1

8.6
11.1
8.0
6.7
6.6

9.0
11.5
7.6
6.5
6.6

9.5
10.9
7.4
6.9
6.6

9.5
10.7
7.1
6.5
6.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8.1
10.4
7.9
7.7
7.0

8.1
9.8
7.8
7.4
7.6

8.7
9.8
8.0
7.2
7.5

9.1
9.2
7.7
7.5
7.4

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6.0
7.8
5.5
5.4
4.8

6.2
7.8
5.5
5.2
5.4

6.4
7.5
5.3
5.3
5.3

6.4
7.4
5.5
5.1
5.1

6.6
7.6
5.3
5.1
5.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5.9
7.8
5.4
5.0
5.0

5.7
7.7
5.4
4.9
5.6

6.1
7.4
5.2
5.0
5.2

6.0
7.6
5.5
5.0
4.7

6.5
7.8
5.3
4.7
5.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6.2
7.8
5.7
5.9
4.6

6.8
7.9
5.6
5.6
5.2

6.6
7.6
5.5
5.7
5.4

6.8
7.1
5.5
5.3
5.5

May

June

July

August

October

November

December

8.5
7.6
5.8
5.9
5.6

8.7
7.2
5.9
5.7
5.7

8.9
6.9
5.8
5.6
5.8

9.1
6.8
5.9
5.7
5.5

8.8
7.9
5.6
5.6
5.5

9.1
7.4
5.6
5.5
5.7

9.2
7.1
5.5
5.4
5.7

9.3
6.8
5.6
5.5
5.5

8.0
7.2
6.2
6.2
5.8

8.2
7.0
6.3
6.0
5.7

8.6
6.6
6.1
5.9
5.8

8.8
6.9
6.2
5.9
5.5

10.6
9.2
6.6
7.1
6.9

10.7
8.8
6.8
6.9
7.0

10.8
8.5
6.9
6.9
7.0

11.0
8.3
7.0
6.8
6.8

11.2
9.6
6.2
6.7
6.6

11.3
9.0
6.6
6.5
7.0

11.2
8.7
6.8
6.4
6.8

11.5
8.2
7.0
6.4
6.6

9.8
8.7
7.1
7.5
7.2

9.9
8.5
7.2
7.4
7.0

10.1
8.2
7.0
7.5
7.2

10.3
8.5
6.9
7.3
7.0

7.1
6.7
5.5
5.0
4.9

7.6
6.3
5.4
4.8
5.1

8.1
5.8
5.0
4.9
5.1

8.5
5.8
5.1
5.0
4.8

7.4
7.0
5.4
4.7
5.0

7.9
6.5
5.1
4.5
5.2

8.3
5.9
4.6
4.8
5.2

8.4
5.7
4.4
5.0
4.9

6.8
6.4
5.6
5.5
4.7

7.3
6.0
5.8
5.2
4.9

7.9
5.7
5.5
5.0
5.0

8.5
5.9
5.9
4.9
4.6

September

Unemployment rate, both sexes, 25 to 54 years
7.8
8.3
5.8
6.0
5.9

8.0
7.8
6.1
5.8
5.7

8.0
7.8
6.0
5.8
5.7

Unemployment rate, men, 25 to 54 years

.

. .

8.0
8.4
5.6
5.7
5.7

8.2
8.0
5.8
5.5
5.7

8.3
8.1
5.7
5.6
5.6

Unemployment rate, women, 25 to 54 years
7.7
8.1
6.1
6.3
6.0

7.4
8.2
5.9
6.3
6.0

7.7
7.5
6.4
6.2
5.8

7.6
7.4
6.4
6.1
5.8

Unemployment rate, both sexes, 25 to 34 years
10.0
10.0
6.9
7.0
7.0

10.1
9.3
7.2
6.8
7.0

9.9
9.4
7.0
7.0
6.9

Unemployment rate men, 25 to 34 years
10.4
10.4
6.8
6.7
6.8

10.5
9.7
7.0
6.3
6.9

10.4
9.9
6.7
6.7
6.6

Unemployment rate, \vomen, 25 to 34 years
9.4
9.3
7.3
7.6
7.3

9.4
9.6
7.0
7.5
7.3

9.6
8.7
7.4
7.4
7.1

9.3
8.7
7.4
7.4
7.3

Unemployment rate, both sexes, 35 to 44 years
6.6
7.4
5.2
5.5
5.1

6.7
7.1
5.4
5.2
5.0

7.0
6.7
5.6
5.1
4.9

Unemployment rate men, 35 to 44 years

•

6.7
7.4
5.2
5.3
5.1

6.8
7.2
5.3
4.9
5.0

7.1
6.9
5.5
4.6
5.1

Unemployment rate, women, 35 to 44 years

164




6.9
7.5
5.2
5.7
5.3

6.5
7.5
5.1
5.7
5.1

6.7
7.1
5.5
5.6
5.0

6.8
6.5
5.8
5.7
4.7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
9. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(Percent)
January

February

March

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5.0
65
5.1
4.9
4.6

5.1
6.6
5.0
4.9
4.5

5.5
65
4.8
5.0
4.6

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4.8
64
4.9
4.9
4.4

4.8
70
4.9
4.7
4.4

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5.2
6.6
5.4
49
4.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

Year

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

6.3
5.8
4.9
4.7
4.4

6.4
5.6
4.8
4.6
4.3

6.6
5.3
4.9
4.3
4.3

6.4
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0

6.5
5.9
4.6
4.6
4.3

6.5
5.7
4.5
4.8
4.1

6.6
5.5
4.6
4.5
4.4

6.3
5.6
4.9
4.3
4.1

6.1
5.6
5.4
4.9
4.6

6.3
5.5
5.4
4.3
4.5

6.6
4.9
5.3
42
4.2

6.5
5.4
5.1
48
3.9

5.1
5.0
4.3
4.0
4.0

5.4
4.8
4.7
3.9
4.1

5.5
4.8
44
3.8
3.8

5.7
4.9
4.2
3.9
3.5

5.3
5.3
4.7
4.0
4.2

5.8
5.1
4.5
4.0
4.4

5.8
5.1
4.6
4.0
4.1

6.0
5.2
4.4
3.9
4.0

4.9
4.5
3.8
4.1
3.6

4.8
4.4
4.9
3.7
3.6

5.1
42
4.1
3.5
3.4

5.2
44
3.8
3.9
2.9

5.4
5.2
4.6
4.3
4.2

5.7
5.3
5.0
4.1
4.3

5.8
5.2
4.6
4.0
4.1

6.0
5.1
4.5
4.1
3.7

5.5
5.6
5.1
4.3
4.4

6.1
5.7
5.0
4.2
4.6

6.1
5.7
4.9
4.2
4.4

6.4
5.5
4.8
4.2
4.3

5.3
4.5
3.9
4.4
3.8

5.1
4.7
5.1
3.8
3.8

5.4
4.5
4.1
3.7
3.6

5.5
4.5
4.0
4.1
2.9

Unemployment rate, both sexes, 45 to 54 years
5.3
68
4.7
5.1
4.4

5.6
6.7
4.9
4.3
4.5

5.0
66
4.8
4.7
4.5

5.0
69
4.6
5.0
4.5

5.4
6.8
4.7
3.9
4.5

5.6
6.2
5.2
51
4.6

6.1
6.3
4.7
54
4.6

5.7
6.6
4.9
52
4.3

42
5.5
47
4.3
3.9

4.4
5.6
4.4
3.9
4.3

47
5.5
44
3.9
4.2

50
5.7
44
4.1
3.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4.3
5.9
4.9
4.3
3.9

4.4
5.9
4.6
4.0
4.3

4.7
5.8
4.7
3.8
4.1

5.0
6.4
4.6
4.1
4.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4.1
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.9

4.4
5.1
4.1
3.8
4.3

4.6
49
3.9
4.1
4.3

4.9
4.7
4.0
4.1
3.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4.6
5.8
5.1
4.4
4.2

4.8
6.0
4.7
4.2
4.5

5.0
6.0
4.6
4.1
4.3

5.3
6.3
4.6
4.3
4.2

5.2
5.8
4.6
4.6
3.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4.7
6.2
5.4
4.5
4.3

4.8
6.2
5.1
4.3
4.5

5.0
6.4
5.2
3.9
4.3

5.3
7.0
5.0
4.4
4.3

5.2
6.4
4.9
4.6
4.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4.5
5.2
4.6
4.4
4.0

4.8
5.5
4.2
4.0
4.4

5.1
5.5
3.9
4.3
4.3

5.2
5.1
4.0
4.2
4.2

|

5.2
6.4
4.4
4.7
4.9

5.8
6.0
4.9
4.8
4.5

5.7
6.2
4.7
4.6
4.5

Unemployment rate, men, 45 to 54 years
5.3
6.4
4.1
4.7
4.7

5.8
6.1
4.3
4.7
4.5

5.8
6.3
4.2
4.8
4.2

Unemployment rate, women, 45 to 54 years
5.8
6.7
5.1
4.7
4.5

5.0
6.5
4.9
4.7
5.1

5.7
5.8
5.8
4.8
4.5

5.6
6.1
5.5
4.3
4.7

Unemployment rate, both sexes, 55 years and over
4.9
5.5
4.5
4.3
3.7

5.1
5.6
4.6
4.4
3.8

5.1
5.2
4.4
4.4
3.8

5.1
5.0
4.5
4.2
3.7

Unemployment rate, men, 55 years and over
4.8
6.0
4.8
4.2
3.9

5.1
5.6
4.5
4.5
4.1

5.0
5.5
4.6
4.6
4.0

5.5
5.4
4.7
3.8
4.1

Unemployment rate, women, 55 years and over
.

5.0
4.6
4.2
4.5
3.5

5.2
5.4
4.9
4.3
3.3

5.3
4.8
4.0
4.2
3.6

4.6
4.5
4.3
4.7
3.3

Unemployment rate, both sexes, 55 to 64 years
5.8
6.0
5.0
4.7
3.9

5.6
5.5
4.7
4.6
4.0

5.5
5.4
4.8
4.4
4.0

Unemployment rate, men, 55 to 64 years
5.8
6.0
4.9
4.8
4.2

5.5
5.9
5.1
4.7
4.1

5.9
5.7
5.0
4.1
4.3

Unemployment rate, women, 55 to 64 years




5.2
4.9
4.3
4.7
3.7

5.8
5.9
5.0
4.5
3.5

5.9
5.0
4.1
4.4
3.8

4.9
4.9
4.4
4.7
3.5

165

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
9. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(Percent)
January

February

2.7
4.1
3.3
3.5
2.9

2.9
4.1
3.2
2.9
3.5

CO CO CO CO

Year

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2.8
4.4
3.0
3.8
2.6

2.9
4.7
2.7
3.0
3.5

3.8
3.6
2.7
3.3
3.4

4.0
4.1
3.1
2.9
2.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

2.5
3.5
3.8
3.2
3.4

2.9
3.1
4.0
2.8
3.7

2.6
2.5
4.0
3.3
3.9

3.3
3.1
3.8
3.6
2.1

4.2
3.3
3.7
3.5
2.4

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7.6
9.1
6.9
6.4
5.8

7.8
9.3
6.8
6.2
6.3

8.0
9.1
6.7
6.2
6.2

8.3
8.9
6.6
6.2
6.1

8.2
8.8
6.4
6.1
6.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7.7
9.4
7.1
6.3
5.6

7.8
9.7
6.8
6.1
6.1

8.1
9.6
6.7
6.0
6.1

8.4
9.4
6.6
6.1
5.9

8.3
9.3
6.3
5.9
6.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7.5
8.8
6.7
6.7
6.1

7.8
8.6
6.7
6.3
6.6

7.8
8.4
6.7
6.5
6.3

8.2
8.2
6.7
6.4
6.2

8.1
8.1
6.5
6.5
6.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

19.7
20.4
16.4
15.9
15.1

20.0
20.1
16.6
15.3
16.0

19.1
21.3
17.2
15.5
15.0

20.4
20.4
16.4
15.0
16.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

20.9
21.6
18.1
16.4
15.0

20.7
21.7
16.7
16.9
16.6

20.4
23.0
17.8
16.0
15.9

21.9
21.7
17.0
15.6
17.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

18.5
19.1
14.6
15.4
15.1

19.1
18.4
16.4
13.6
15.4

17.6
19.3
16.6
15.1
14.1

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

3.9
4.4
3.3
2.7
3.1

4.0
2.8
3.2
3.1
3.1

4.3
3.2
3.4
3.2
2.9

4.3
3.9
2.8
3.2
2.8

4.3
4.3
3.1
2.6
3.2

4.4
2.5
2.8
3.1
3.5

4.7
3.1
3.1
3.3
3.0

4.5
3.9
2.8
3.1
2.6

3.3
3.0
3.9
4.4
2.4

3.3
4.5
3.7
3.0
2.8

3.3
3.4
3.9
3.1
2.5

3.7
3.3
3.8
2.9
2.6

3.9
4.0
2.8
3.3
3.1

8.7
8.2
6.4
6.2
5.8

9.0
8.0
6.4
6.1
6.0

9.2
7.7
6.3
6.1
6.0

9.6
7.3
6.2
5.9
6.0

9.7
7.2
6.3
6.0
5.8

9.1
8.6
6.2
6.1
5.8

9.4
8.3
6.3
5.9
6.1

9.6
8.1
6.1
6.1
6.1

10.0
7.6
6.2
5.9
6.1

9.9
7.3
6.2
5.8
5.9

8.2
7.6
6.6
6.3
5.9

8.4
7.4
6.5
6.4
6.0

8.7
7.1
6.6
6.2
6.0

9.1
7.0
6.2
6.0
5.9

9.3
6.9
6.4
6.3
5.7

20.7
18.0
16.3
15.1
15.9

21.1
18.1
15.7
17.0
15.4

21.3
17.2
15.0
15.2
16.0

21.5
16.8
15.9
16.0
15.1

22.1
18.6
17.0
15.7
16.6

22.3
19.4
16.4
18.7
15.7

22.7
17.8
16.4
15.9
16.3

22.8
17.6
16.5
16.4
15.5

19.1
17.3
15.7
14.4
15.1

19.8
16.8
14.9
15.1
15.2

19.7
16.5
13.5
14.6
15.7

20.1
16.0
15.3
15.6
14.6

Unemployment rate, both sexes, 65 years and over

CM CO
CO

CO

3.7
3.7
3.4
3.2
2.5

CVI

..

CO

1982
1983 ..
1984
1985
1986

3.8
4.0
4.1
3.1
2.9

2.6
4.0
3.4
3.2
3.2

3.1
4.2
2.9
3.9
3.1

3.8
3.7
3.5
3.2
2.9

Unemployment rate, men, 65 years and over
3.5
4.5
4.4
2.7
3.2

2.4
4.2
2.5
3.2
3.9

3.3
4.1
2.5
4.2
3.5

4.2
4.1
3.3
2.4
3.2

Unemployment rate, women, 65 years and over
r

2.8
3.6
4.7
3.3
2.2

2.8
4.2
3.6
3.5
2.5

Unemployment rate, white workers
8.5
8.7
6.2
6.4
6.1

8.7
8.1
6.3
6.3
6.0

Unemployment rate, white men
8.8
8.9
6.1
6.4
6.1

9.0
8.5
6.2
6.2
6.0

Unemployment rate, white women
8.1
8.5
6.4
6.5
6.1

8.4
7.7
6.4
6.4
6.0

Unemployment rate, white workers, 16 to 19 years
19.8
19.8
16.0
15.8
15.9

20.0
20.3
15.8
15.8
15.9

20.8
19.3
15.1
16.2
15.2

20.6
19.6
16.1
15.4
15.4

Unemployment rate, white men, 16 to 19 years
21.0
20.3
16.6
16.5
17.0

21.6
20.2
16.1
16.1
17.1

22.3
19.9
17.2
17.4
15.6

22.1
20.6
16.1
17.0
16.6

Unemployment rate, white women, 16 to 19 years

166



^

18.8
19.0
15.7
14.2
15.4

18.5
19.3
15.3
15.1
14.7

18.2
20.5
15.4
15.4
14.6

19.2
18.6
12.8
15.0
14.7

18.9
18.5
16.1
13.6
14.2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
9. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(Percent)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

66
8.2
62
5.7
5.2

67
8.4
60
5.5
5.6

7.0
8.1
5.9
5.5
5.5

7.2
8.0
5.9
5.6
5.3

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6.6
8.4
6.3
5.6
5.0

6.8
8.8
6.1
5.4
5.4

7.1
8.6
5.9
5.3
5.4

7.3
8.6
5.9
5.4
5.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6.4
7.9
6.1
6.0
5.4

6.7
7.8
5.9
5.7
5.9

6.9
7.4
5.8
5.8
5.7

7.1
7.2
5.9
5.8
5.5

7.1
7.1
5.7
5.8
5.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

17.3
21.2
17.3
15.2
14.6

17.7
20.0
16.3
16.1
14.9

18.1
20.1
16.6
15.2
14.8

18.2
20.4
16.6
15.2
14.8

18.5
20.4
15.8
15.4
14.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

18.4
22.4
17.3
15.5
15.0

18.6
21.2
16.7
16.2
15.2

19.0
20.9
17.3
15.5
15.0

18.9
21.6
17.5
15.4
14.9

19.3
22.0
16.2
15.4
15.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

16.1
20.0
17.2
15.0
14.3

16.8
18.8
16.0
16.0
14.5

17.2
19.2
15.9
15.0
14.5

17.4
19.2
15.7
14.9
14.7

17.7
18.7
15.5
15.5
14.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

42.9
46.3
46.8
41.3
41.5

44.3
46.6
43.7
43.0
40.0

47.1
44.2
45.6
40.5
42.4

47.9
48.8
44.3
38.8
41.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

39.7
47.0
45.4
43.8
41.1

43.1
46.8
46.5
41.6
39.5

48.6
45.6
43.7
40.0
42.6

49.1
49.0
43.4
39.2
41.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

46.5
45.5
48.5
38.5
41.9

45.7
46.5
40.7
44.5
40.7

45.4
42.6
48.1
41.1
42.2

46.5
48.5
45.3
38.3
42.7

Year

May

June

July

October

November

December

8.0
7.2
5.6
5.4
5.3

8.2
6.8
5.6
5.3
5.3

8.6
6.6
5.5
5.3
5.3

8.7
6.4
5.6
5.3
5.2

8.5
7.6
5.5
5.2
5.4

8.7
7.3
5.4
5.2
5.4

9.0
6.9
5.5
5.2
5.4

9.0
6.6
5.5
5.1
5.3

7.2
6.6
5.9
5.7
5.2

7.4
6.6
5.7
5.7
5.3

7.6
6.3
5.9
5.5
5.2

8.1
6.2
5.6
5.3
5.2

8.3
6.1
5.7
5.5
5.0

18.9
19.7
16.0
14.1
14.6

19.7
18.7
14.9
15.0
14.6

20.1
18.1
15.2
14.8
14.3

20.2
17.5
14.9
15.5
14.2

20.9
17.8
15.1
15.0
13.7

19.8
20.9
16.2
13.7
14.9

21.5
19.5
15.4
15.1
15.1

21.8
18.0
15.3
15.5
14.9

21.8
17.5
14.5
15.7
14.3

22.9
17.2
15.6
15.3
13.5

17.9
18.3
15.7
14.5
14.3

17.8
18.0
14.5
14.9
14.2

18.3
18.2
15.1
14.1
13.8

18.6
17.4
15.2
15.2
14.1

18.7
18.3
14.7
14.6
13.9

47.9
51.4
42.4
38.9
38.4

47.7
49.2
41.2
40.7
35.8

49.5
47.1
41.7
41.6
36.0

48.0
47.3
41.5
41.7
36.5

49.8
53.6
40.8
40.8
38.6

48.8
44.1
43.7
40.8
37.8

52.4
44.2
41.5
45.7
35.0

50.9
44.7
43.4
40.9
36.1

45.8
49.0
44.3
36.6
38.3

46.5
54.9
38.5
40.6
33.8

46.3
50.4
41.9
37.3
37.0

44.9
50.1
39.4
42.7
36.9

August

September

Unemployment rate, white workers, 20 years and over
7.2
7.9
57
5.4
5.4

7.5
7.8
5.5
5.8
5.4

7.7
7.2
5.7
5.5
5.1

7.7
7.3
5.6
5.6
5.4

Unemployment rate, white men, 20 years and over
7.3
8.5
5.6
5.1
5.4

7.8
8.0
5.4
5.7
5.4

8.0
7.7
5.4
5.5
5.4

8.1
7.7
5.5
5.3
5.1

Unemployment rate, white women, 20 years and over
7.1
7.4
5.6
5.8
5.4

7.3
6.7
5.8
5.7
5.3

Unemployment rate, black workers
18.5
20.6
15.4
14.2
14.9

18.8
19.4
16.7
15.1
14.2

Unemployment rate, black men
19.8
21.6
16.6
14.5
15.2

19.5
20.7
17.6
15.2
14.9

Unemployment rate, black women
17.1
19.6
14.1
13.9
14.6

18.0
18.1
15.8
15.0
13.5

Unemployment rate, black workers, 16 Jp 19 years
50.1
48.7
44.3
40.2
40.5

52.0
51.8
37.2
38.5
39.5

49.4
48.2
41.8
40.7
38.0

49.7
51.7
42.6
36.2
40.3

Unemployment rate, black men, 16 to 19 years
49.8
53.0
41.7
38.8
40.5

58.1
53.5
39.5
42.1
39.7

48.9
47.9
41.6
42.2
40.5

48.0
54.5
42.1
36.1
38.8

Unemployment rate, black women, 16 to 19 years




50.5
43.8
47.7
41.6
40.5

45.2
49.9
34.5
34.4
39.4

49.9
48.5
42.0
38.9
35.0

51.6
48.5
43.1
36.3
41.9

167

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
9. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(Percent)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

15.2
19.3
15.2
13.2
12.6

15.5
18.0
14.3
14.0
12.9

15.7
18.3
14.6
13.3
12.5

16.0
18.3
14.5
13.3
12.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

16.6
20.4
15.3
13.1
12.9

16.5
19.2
14.4
14.2
13.3

16.4
19.0
15.3
13.5
12.8

16.5
19.5
15.5
13.5
12.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

13.7
18.2
15.1
13.3
12.2

14.4
16.8
14.2
13.7
12.5

15.0
17.6
13.9
13.1
12.3

15.4
17.0
13.6
13.2
12.5

15.1
16.9
13.5
13.4
12.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

11.7
15.3
11.4
10.7
10.3

12.1
15.5
10.3
9.6
11.8

12.2
15.6
11.5
10.4
10.5

12.9
14.8
11.7
10.5
10.5

13.9
14.0
10.6
10.6
10.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8.4
10.3
7.8
7.1
6.5

8.6
10.4
7.5
7.0
6.9

8.9
10.3
7.5
6.9
6.8

9.1
10.1
7.5
6.9
6.7

9.2
9.9
7.2
6.8
6.9

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

24.3
25.7
20.7
20.3
19.8

24.2
26.4
20.3
20.1
19.7

24.6
26.0
21.5
18.9
19.7

24.7
25.9
21.0
17.7
20.2

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7.6
9.7
7.2
6.3
5.8

7.6
9.9
6.9
6.2
6.2

7.9
9.7
6.8
6.1
6.1

8.1
9.7
6.8
6.2
6.0

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

75
9.5
7.4
6.8
6.2

79
9.4
7.1
6.8
6.7

83
9.2
7.1
6.7
6.6

8.6
8.9
7.1
6.8
6.5

8.5
8.8
6.9
6.7
6.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

98
10.9
9.6
9.6
8.7

10.5
10.3
9.5
8.8
9.3

10.1
10.7
9.3
9.5
9.1

10.8
10.5
9.1
9.5
9.4

10.3
10.8
9.1
9.9
9.1

Year

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

17.5
16.3
12.8
13.2
12.9

18.0
15.9
13.3
12.8
12.8

18.0
15.3
12.9
13.5
12.7

18.7
15.6
13.2
12.9
12.0

19.2
16.9
13.3
13.0
13.4

19.6
16.1
13.1
13.4
13.1

19.3
15.4
12.4
13.4
12.9

20.7
15.2
13.4
13.2
11.8

15.6
15.8
12.3
13.4
12.4

16.2
15.6
13.4
12.1
12.4

16.5
15.1
13.3
13.6
12.5

16.7
16.0
12.9
12.6
12.3

14.4
12.9
10.5
10.3
10.9

15.0
12.1
10.8
11.1
10.4

15.2
12.3
10.3
10.8
9.6

15.7
11.6
10.4
10.5
10.5

10.1
9.0
7.0
6.8
6.6

10.5
8.7
7.1
6.7
6.6

10.7
8.2
6.9
6.7
6.6

10.8
8.0
7.0
6.7
6.3

27.2
23.5
20.4
19.4
19.6

26.3
23.5
19.9
21.5
18.6

26.9
21.4
20.5
19.9
18.9

26.2
20.9
20.6
20.1
18.4

9.5
8.5
6.3
6.0
6.1

9.9
8.1
6.2
6.0
6.1

10.0
7.8
6.1
6.0
6.1

10.2
7.5
6.3
5.9
5.9

8.8
8.1
6.5
6.6
6.3

9.3
7.8
7.1
6.4
6.2

9.7
7.5
6.6
6.5
6.0

9.8
7.4
6.7
6.4
5.8

10.6
10.1
9.4
9.3
9.3

10.4
9.9
9.0
9.6
9.2

11.3
9.8
8.8
8.7
9.1

11.3
10.0
9.1
9.1
8.8

Unemployment rate, black workers, 20 years and over
16.0
18.3
13.9
13.5
12.8

16.1
18.1
13.8
12.5
13.0

16.4
17.3
14.8
13.1
12.5

16.4
17.2
13.9
12.4
12.8

Unemployment rate, black men, 20 years and over
16.9
19.6
14.3
13.5
12.9

17.0
18.9
14.8
12.4
13.3

17.2
18.4
15.8
12.9
12.9

17.4
18.1
14.2
11.8
13.2

Unemployment rate, black women, 20 years and over
15.2
17.3
12.7
12.5
12.7

15.6
16.0
13.8
13.2
12.1

15.3
16.1
13.7
13.0
12.5

Unemployment rate, Hispanic-origin workers
13.8
14.2
10.3
10.7
10.6

14.2
12.4
10.3
11.0
10.5

14.8
12.9
10.6
10.3
10.8

Unemployment rate, full-time workers
9.5
9.8
6.8
6.9
6.7

9.6
9.3
7.1
7.0
6.6

9.7
9.3
7.1
6.8
6.4

Unemployment rate, full-time workers, 6 to 19 years5
25.9
24.5
20.1
19.0
20.1

29.0
26.1
18.2
19.5
20.5

27.0
26.0
19.3
20.9
19.3

27.1
26.4
20.5
19.7
19.3

Unemployment rate, full-time workers, men, 20 years and over
8.3
9.6
6.4
5.9
6.2

8.8
9.1
6.1
6.3
6.1

8.9
8.7
6.4
6.1
6.2

9.0
8.8
6.4
5.9
5.8

Unemployment rate, full-time workers, women, 20 years and over
8.5
8.8
6.5
6.6
6.4

8.6
8.3
7.0
6.8
6.1

8.6
8.2
7.0
6.7
6.1

Unemployment rate, part-time workers

. .

168



9.4
11.3
9.6
9.5
9.1

11.3
10.2
9.6
9.5
9.2

10.4
10.1
9.6
9.0
9.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
9. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and full- or part-time status—Continued
(Percent)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

19.5
20.5
18.4
17.6
17.0

20.4
18.2
18.0
16.5
18.0

18.8
20.6
18.1
17.8
17.1

20.7
20.5
17.3
17.3
18.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

7.1
9.4
8.6
7.7
6.7

8.5
9.4
8.5
7.7
6.9

9.8
8.9
8.0
7.1
7.3

9.4
9.1
7.9
8.5
7.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

6.3
7.1
5.9
6.8
5.8

6.5
7.0
6.0
5.7
6.3

6.3
6.9
5.9
6.7
6.1

6.7
6.6
5.9
6.5
6.2

Year

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

20.6
18.9
17.1
18.4
17.1

21.4
19.0
14.7
16.6
17.5

21.9
18.8
16.8
17.6
16.0

7.9
8.6
7.5
7.6
8.1

9.9
8.3
7.8
6.8
7.3

9.1
8.2
7.8
6.9
8.0

6.6
6.4
6.1
6.5
6.0

7.0
6.3
6.6
5.9
6.0

7.2
6.8
6.2
6.3
5.8

Unemployment rate, part-time workers, both sexes, 16 to 19 years
19.4
20.8
17.2
18.0
17.5

17.0
21.8
18.3
17.4
17.4

20.8
19.4
17.7
18.8
16.8

20.2
19.7
17.8
16.7
17.3

20.0
19.6
17.8
16.5
17.4

Unemployment rate, part-time workers, men, 20 years and over
8.3
8.9
8.0
8.1
7.6

6.9
8.6
8.7
7.7
7.3

8.2
8.9
8.0
7.6
6.9

8.9
8.3
7.8
7.4
7.9

9.1
8.8
7.2
6.9
8.5

Unemployment rate, part-time workers, women, 20 years and over




6.6
7.0
5.8
6.9
6.0

6.5
7.6
6.3
6.7
5.9

8.0
6.4
6.5
6.2
6.6

6.4
6.4
6.5
6.3
6.1

6.7
6.3
6.5
7.0
5.8

169

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
10. Unemployment rates for wage and salary workers by industry
(Percents)
January

February

March

April

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8.2
10.1
7.6
7.0
6.3

8.5
10.1
7.4
6.8
6.8

8.7
10.1
7.3
6.7
6.7

9.1
9.9
7.3
6.8
6.7

1982
1983
1984 ..
1985
1986

15.0
15.6
15.5
16.1
11.5

13.4
16.3
13.8
13.3
13.8

13.9
16.1
15.1
12.7
12.1

14.8
17.5
12.8
13.3
13.4

1982
1983
1984 ...
1985
1986

81
10.0
7.5
6.8
6.3

8.4
10.0
7.3
6.7
6.7

8.6
9.9
7.1
6.6
6.6

9.0
9.8
7.2
6.7
6.5

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

4.7
5.6
5.0
4.2
3.5

5.0
5.8
4.6
3.9
3.8

4.7
5.8
4.5
3.9
3.9

5.0
5.9
4.5
3.9
3.6

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8.8
10.9
8.0
7.4
6.8

9.1
10.9
7.8
7.3
7.2

9.4
10.8
7.7
7.2
7.1

9.8
10.5
7.7
7.2
7.1

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8.3
18.0
11.3
10.1
10.7

8.5
18.9
12.1
11.1
9.5

9.3
18.7
10.7
11.0
10.5

10.4
19.6
9.6
10.3
12.4

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

18.8
20.4
15.2
134
12.8

18.3
19.6
14.9
13.3
13.0

18.3
20.5
13.6
132
13.0

19.3
20.3
14.6
136
12.3

1982 ...
1983
1984
1985
1986

104
13.0
8.3
76
7.1

10.6
13.3
7.7
7.6
7.3

10.8
13.0
7.6
77
7.2

11.3
12.4
7.6
80
6.9

1982 ...
1983
1984
1985
1986

11 0
14.8
8.1
7.3
7.0

11.3
14.8
7.6
7.3
7.4

10.9
14.3
7.8
7.5
6.9

11.9
13.7
7.4
7.8
6.9

1982 .
1983
1984
1985
1986

95
10.4
8.5
81
7.2

9.5
11.2
7.9
8.1
7.1

10.6
11.1
7.4
8.0
7.6

Year

May

June

July

August

October

November

December

10.0
8.4
6.9
6.7
6.6

10.4
8.1
6.8
6.6
6.5

10.5
7.9
6.9
6.6
6.3

12.5
16.0
13.6
13.1
11.9

15.7
15.7
11.4
13.2
10.1

16.2
15.7
12.7
10.7
11.5

10.0
8.3
6.8
6.6
6.5

10.3
7.9
6.7
6.5
6.4

104
7.8
6.8
6.5
6.2

5.0
4.9
4.3
3.8
3.7

5.2
4.8
4.3
3.6
3.6

5.1
4.8
4.3
3.9
3.3

10.6
9.2
7.2
7.2
7.0

10.9
8.9
7.2
7.1
7.0

11.4
8.5
7.2
7.1
7.0

11.5
8.4
7.3
7.0
6.8

17.7
16.7
8.5
9.4
13.9

18.6
12.3
11.4
8.2
14.5

17.8
12.6
11.4
7.2
14.5

18.1
12.2
10.1
10.2
14.1

22.6
15.6
13.4
134
13.8

21.7
15.2
13.9
13.3
15.1

21.5
16.3
13.7
126
13.7

13.8
9.4
7.3
7.5
7.3

14.5
8.9
7.1
7.6
7.1

14.3
8.4
7.4
7.3
6.9

15.5
10.0
6.9
7.2
7.2

16.7
9.0
7.0
7.6
6.6

16.2
8.4
7.3
7.3
6.4

11.3
8.6
7.8
7.9
7.3

11.3
8.7
7.3
7.6
7.9

11.6
8.5
7.5
7.3
7.7

September

Unemployment rate, total wage and salary workers
9.2
9.8
7.0
6.7
6.8

9.3
9.5
6.7
6.8
6.6

9.5
9.0
7.0
6.8
6.6

9.4
9.1
7.0
6.8
6.5

9.7
8.7
6.9
6.8
6.5

Unemployment rate, wage and salary workers in agricultural industries
18.0
17.0
14.0
11.6
15.3

15.2
17.3
12.6
12.6
13.2

14.6
14.5
13.9
13.7
11.4

14.7
15.0
12.6
13.5
13.3

13.4
15.7
13.9
12.9
12.9

Unemployment rate, wage and salary workers in rlonagricultural industries
9.0
9.7
6.8
6.6
6.6

9.2
9.3
6.6
6.8
6.5

9.4
8.9
6.9
6.7
6.5

9.3
9.0
6.9
6.6
6.3

9.6
8.5
6.8
6.7
6.4

Unemployment rate, government workers in nonagricultural industries
4.8
5.6
4.7
3.9
3.6

4.8
5.3
4.3
3.9
3.6

4.7
5.4
4.4
4.1
3.3

4.9
5.1
4.4
4.0
3.3

4.9
4.9
4.5
3.8
3.5

Unemployment rate, private wage and salary workers in nonagricultural industries
9.9
10.5
7.3
7.2
7.2

10.0
10.1
7.0
7.3
7.1

10.3
9.6
7.4
7.2
7.1

10.2
9.7
7.4
7.2
6.9

Unemployment rate, private wage and salary workers in mining
11.2
20.8
8.8
7.4
13.6

13.7
18.1
7.2
10.6
17.3

15.9
17.1
7.8
9.7
16.6

16.3
15.4
10.9
8.6
16.6

Unemployment rate, private wage and salary workers in construction
18.8
20.4
15.2
106
13.0

19.5
18.2
14.7
138
12.4

20.4
17.8
14.6
134
13.0

20.4
18.0
14.2
134
12.4

21.7
17.9
13.7
138
12.9

Unemployment rate, private wage and salary workers in manufacturing
11 6
12.4
7.2
77
7.4

12.4
11.6
7.3
77
7.2

124
10.7
7.5
79
6.9

12.4
11.1
7.3
78
6.9

13.6
10.0
7.3
77
7.0

Unemployment rate, | private wage and salary workers in durable goods
12.2
13.5
7.0
7.7
7.3

13.2
12.3
7.0
7.8
7.0

13.3
11.5
6.8
7.9
6.7

13.5
11.5
6.8
7.8
6.8

14.7
10.7
6.9
7.7
6.5

Unemployment rate, private wage and salary workers in nondurable goods

170




10.5
10.7
7.9
8.3
6.9

10.6
10.8
7.3
7.7
7.5

11.1
10.5
7.7
7.5
7.5

11.1
9.6
8.5
8.0
7.2

10.8
10.4
8.2
7.7
6.9

11.9
8.9
8.0
7.7
7.7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
10. Unemployment rates for wage and salary workers by Industry—Continued
(Percents)
January

February

March

1982
1983
1984 .
1985
1986

6.4
8.2
5.5
5.3
4.5

5.8
7.9
5.8
5.4
5.3

6.0
8.2
5.4
4.5
5.8

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

8.9
10.9
8.5
7.8
7.3

9.1
10.9
8.3
7.7
7.8

9.9
10.9
8.3
7.6
7.7

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

5.9
7.6
6.3
5.9
5.3

6.6
7.4
6.3
5.7
5.9

6.8
7.2
6.3
5.6
5.6

Year

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

7.7
7.1
5.3
5.2
5.2

8.2
6.6
5.3
5.3
4.4

7.9
6.5
5.2
5.1
4.6

10.2
9.6
7.8
7.7
7.4

10.6
9.2
7.7
7.6
7.2

11.1
8.8
7.6
7.7
7.2

7.1
6.9
5.8
5.5
5.4

7.7
6.7
5.9
5.4
5.4

7.9
6.6
6.0
5.4
5.1

Unemployment rate, private wage and salary workers in transportation and public utilities
6.7
7.7
5.4
5.3
5.5

6.6
7.3
5.6
5.1
5.3

6.8
7.8
5.2
5.2
5.4

6.5
6.8
5.5
5.3
5.5

6.8
7.7
6.2
4.6
4.8

7.0
7.0
5.8
5.3
4.7

Unemployment rate, private wage and salary workers in wholesale and retail trade
10.0
10.4
8.7
7.3
7.9

10.3
10.2
7.9
7.7
7.9

9.8
10.3
7.3
7.7
7.7

10.5
9.8
7.8
7.5
7.8

10.0
9.8
7.7
7.8
7.5

9.9
9.3
7.9
7.7
7.6

Unemployment rate, private wage and salary workers in finance and service industries




7.0
7.3
6.1
5.6
5.8

6.8
7.5
5.6
6.1
5.5

6.9
7.3
5.4
5.8
5.5

6.9
7.2
5.9
5.5
5.7

6.9
7.1
6.0
5.5
5.6

6.9
7.0
5.5
5.4
5.6

171

Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2)
reports from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained
from a sample survey of the population 16 years of age
and over. The survey is conducted each month by the
Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics
and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the
employed, and the unemployed, including such
characteristics as age, sex, race, family relationship,
marital status, occupation, and industry attachment.
The survey also provides data on the characteristics and
past work experience of those not in the labor force.
The information is collected by trained interviewers from
a sample of about 59,500 households, representing 729
areas in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with
coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia. The
data collected are based on the activity or status
reported for the calendar week including the 12th of the
month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled
each month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The
establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly earnings,
and average weekly earnings for the Nation, States, and
metropolitan areas. The employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based on payroll reports from a
sample of 250,000 establishments employing over 38
million nonagricultural wage and salary workers. The
data relate to all workers, full or part time, who received
pay during the payroll period which includes the 12th
day of the month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES

The household and establishment data supplement
one another, each providing significant types of information that the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily obtained
only from the household survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from
establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
172




because of differences in definitions and coverage,
sources of information, methods of collection, and
estimating procedures. Sampling variability and
response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies.
The major factors which have a differential effect on
the levels and trends of the two series are as follows.
Employment

Coverage. The household survey definition of employment comprises wage and salary workers (including
domestics and other private household workers), selfemployed persons, unpaid workers who worked 15
hours or more during the survey week in familyoperated enterprises, and members of the Armed Forces
stationed in the United States. Civilian employment in
both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary
employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural
establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without
duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons holding more than one job are counted only once
and are classified according to the job at which they
worked the greatest number of hours during the survey
week. In the figures based on establishment reports,
persons who worked in more than one establishment
during the reporting period are counted each time their
names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes among the employed all civilians who had jobs
but were not at work during the survey week—that is,
were not working but had jobs from which they were
temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or because they
were taking time off for various other reasons, even if
they were not paid by their employers for the time off.
In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave
paid for by the company are included, but not those on
leave without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences
between household and establishment survey employment data, see Gloria P. Green's article "Comparing
Employment Estimates From Household and Payroll
Surveys," Monthly Labor Review, December 1969.

Hours of work
The household survey measures hours actually worked whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for
by employers. In the household survey data, all persons
with a job but not at work are excluded from the hours
distributions and the computations of average hours. In
the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory
employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick
leave are included and assigned the number of hours for
which they were paid during the reporting period.
Earnings
The household survey measures median earnings of
wage and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both the private and public sectors. Data
refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's
sole or primary job. Data from the establishment survey
generally refer to average earnings of production and
related workers in mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in private service-producing industries. For a
comprehensive discussion of the household survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the Quarterly
Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population
Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113.
COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total
from the household survey includes all persons who did
not have a job at all during the survey week and were
looking for work or were waiting to be called back to a
job from, which they had been laid off, whether or not
they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures
on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the
Employment and Training Administration of the
Department of Labor, exclude persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have not
earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons
losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance
systems (some workers in agriculture, domestic services,
and religious organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family workers). Beginning in January 1978,
coverage was extended to include domestic workers
whose employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in any
calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose
employers engaged 10 or more workers in 20 weeks or
paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any calendar
quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of
unemployment used in the household survey. For example, persons with a job but not at work and persons
working only a few hours during the week are




sometimes eligible for unemployment compensation but
are classified as employed rather than unemployed in
the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences
between State insured unemployment and total
unemployment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured
Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971
issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the Department
of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are
the inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and
Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual
jobholders, who are counted more than once if they
work on more than one farm during the reporting
period. There are also wide differences in sampling
techniques and collecting and estimating methods,
which cannot be readily measured in terms of their impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two
series.
COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the
Census, BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from employment counts derived by the Bureau of
Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons
for noncomparability are different treatment of
business units considered parts of an establishment,
such as central administrative offices and auxiliary
units, the industrial classification of establishments, and
different reporting patterns by multiunit companies.
There are also differences in the scope of the industries
covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and financial
establishments, whereas these are included in the BLS
statistics.
County Business Patterns. Data in County Business
Patterns (CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census,
U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS
establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may
also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate
railroads and government, and coverage is incomplete
for some of the nonprofit activities.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance
programs. Most nonagricultural wage and salary
workers are covered by the unemployment insurance
programs. However, certain activities, such as interstate
railroads, parochial schools, and churches are not
covered by unemployment insurance whereas these are
included in the BLS establishment statistics.
173

Household Data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population,
the personal, occupational, and other characteristics of
the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the
labor force, and related data are compiled for the BLS by
the Bureau of the Census in its Current Population
Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force
Statistics Derived from the Current Population Survey,
BLS Report 463. Historical national data are published
in Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current
Population Survey: A Databook, BLS Bulletin 2096.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted with a scientifically selected sample designed to
represent the civilian noninstitutional population.
Respondents are interviewed to obtain information
about the employment status of each member of the
household 16 years of age and over. The inquiry relates
to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday
through Saturday, which includes the 12th of the
month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field
interviewing is conducted in the following week.
Inmates of institutions and persons under 14 years of
age are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations, and are excluded from the population and labor
force statistics shown in this report. Data on the
members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States, who are included as part of the categories
"noninstitutional population," "labor force," and
"total employment." are obtained from the Department of Defense.
Each month about 59,500 occupied units are eligible
for interview. About 2,500 of these households are
visited but interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not at home after repeated calls or are
unavailable for other reasons. This represents a
noninterview rate for the survey of between 4 or 5 percent. In addition to the 59,500 occupied units, there are
11,000 sample units in an average month which are
visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not to be
enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month.
The rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample to be common from 1 month to the next and one
half to be common with the same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force
data have been modified, but not substantially altered,
since the inception of the survey in 1940; those used
since 1967 are as follows:
174




Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the
survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in
their own business, profession, or on their own farm, or
who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an
enterprise operated by a member of the family; and (b)
all those who were not working but who had jobs or
businesses from which they were temporarily absent
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labormanagement disputes, or personal reasons, whether
they were paid for the time off or were seeking other
jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States are also included in the employed total.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those
who held more than one job are counted in the job at
which they worked the greatest number of hours during
the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign
countries who are temporarily in the United States but
not living on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are
persons whose only activity consisted of work around
the house (painting, repairing, or own home
housework) or volunteer work for religious, charitable,
and similar organizations.
Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no
employment during the survey week, were'available for
work, except for temporary illness, and had made
specific efforts to find employment sometime during
the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be
recalled to a job from which they had laid off or were
waiting to report to a new job within 30 days need not
be looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of
time (through the current survey week) during which
persons classified as unemployed had been continuously
looking for work. For persons on layoff, duration of
unemployment represents the number of full weeks
since the termination of their most recent employment.
A period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was
employed or ceased looking for work is considered to
break the continuity of the present period of seeking
work. Measurements of mean and median duration are
computed from a distribution of single weeks of
unemployment.
Unemployment is also categorized according to the
status of individuals at the time they began to look for
work. The reasons for unemployment are divided into
four major groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose
employment ended involuntarily who immediately
began looking for work, and persons on layoff. (2) Job
leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated

their employment voluntarily and immediately began
looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who
previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or
longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning
to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who
never worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or
longer. Each of these four categories of the unemployed
may be expressed as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the
four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all
civilian workers.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made
specific efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week
period preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include those persons unemployed because they (a) were
waiting to be called back to a job" from which they had
been laid off or (b) were waiting to report to a new job
within 30 days. Jobseekers are grouped by the methods
used to seek work, including going to a public or private
employment agency or to an employer directly, seeking
assistance from friends or relatives, placing or answering ads, or utilizing some other method. Examples of
the V other" category include being on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup
point.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians
classified as employed or unemployed in accordance
with the criteria described above. The labor force also
includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States.
The overall unemployment rate represents the
number unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States.
The unemployment rate for all civilian workers
represents the number unemployed as a percent of the
civilian labor force. This measure can also be computed
for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, marital status, etc.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the
population that is in the labor force. The labor force
participation rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian labor force participation
rate is the ratio of the civilian labor force to the civilian
noninstitutional population. Civilian labor force participation rates are usually published for sex-age groups,
often cross-classified by other demographic
characteristics such as race and educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of the noninstitutional population that is
employed. The total employment-population ratio is
total employment, including the resident Armed Forces,




as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The
civilian employment-population ratio is the percentage
of all employed civilians in the civilian noninstitutional
population.
Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not
classified as employed or unemployed. These persons
are further classified as engaged in own home
housework, in school, unable to work because of longterm physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The
"other" group includes individuals reported as too old
or temporarily unable to work, the voluntarily idle,
seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an
off season and who were not reported as looking for
work, and persons who did not look for work because
they believed that no jobs were available in the area or
that no jobs were available for which they could
qualify—discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid family work (less than 15 hours in the
specified week) are also classified as not in labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous
work experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a
job at the time of interview, and reasons for not looking
for work are published on a quarterly basis. As of
January 1970, the detailed questions for persons not in
the labor force are asked only in those households that
are in the fourth and eighth months of the sample, i.e.,
the "outgoing" groups, those which had been in the
sample for 3 previous months and would not be in for
the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969 these
questions were asked in those households entering the
sample for the first time and those returning for the second 4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming"
groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the
employed apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in the job at
which they worked the greatest number of hours during
the survey week. The unemployed are classified according to their last full-time job lasting 2 weeks or more.
The classifications of occupations and industries used in
data derived from the CPS are defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed categories included in
these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and
salary workers subdivided into private and government
workers; self-employed workers; and unpaid family
workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages,
salary, commission, tips, or pay in kind from a private
employer or from a government unit. Self-employed
persons are those who work for profit or fees in their
own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm.
Unpaid family workers are persons working without
pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a
business operated by a member of the household to
175

whom they are related by birth or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number
of hours worked during the survey week. For example,
persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were
off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as
working 32 hours even though they were paid for the
holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the
figures relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs
during the week; all the hours are credited to the major
job.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the
survey week are designated as working full time. Persons who worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated
as working part time. Part-time workers are classified
by their usual status at their present job (either full or
part time) and by their reason for working part time
during the survey week (economic or noneconomic
reasons). Economic reasons include: Slack work,
material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start
or termination of a job during the week, and inability to
find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons include:
Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation,
demands of home or school, no desire for full-time
work, and full-time worker only during peak season.
Persons on full-time schedules include, in addition to
those working 35 hours or more, those who worked
from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic reasons and usually
work full time.
Data on employment "at work" differ from data on
total employment because they exclude persons in the
zero-hours-worked category, "with a job but not at
work." These are persons who were absent from their
jobs for the entire week for such reasons as bad
weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor
dispute.
Employed persons are also categorized into full- and
part-time groupings based primarily on their usual
status. In this context, full-time workers are those who
(a) worked 35 hours or more during the survey week, (b)
worked 1 to 34 hours for economic or noneconomic
reasons, but usually work full time, and (c) were with a
job but not at work and usually work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who (a) voluntarily
worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually work
part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time
work; and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually work part time.
Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers
are calculated using the concepts of the full- and parttime labor force which are based on the type of
job—full or part-time—that persons—whether working
or unemployed—report that they want. The "full-time
labor force" includes all persons working part time but
who desire full-time work, that is, working part time for
economic reasons. Thus, this category consists of per176




sons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily
working part time regardless of their usual status; and
unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The "parttime labor force" consists of persons working part time
voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time
work. Employed persons with a job but not at work are
distributed according to whether they usually work on
full-time or voluntary part-time schedules.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours
lost to the economy through unemployment and involuntary part-time employment and is expressed as a
percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is
computed by assuming that; (1) unemployed persons
looking for full-time work lost an average of 37.5 hours,
(2) those looking for part-time work lost the average
number of hours actually worked by voluntary parttime workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on
part time for economic reasons lost the difference between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they
worked.
White, black, and other are terms used to describe the
race of workers. Included in the "other" group are
American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and
Pacific Islanders. All tables in this publication which
contain racial data, with the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data for the black population
group. Because of their relatively small sample size,
data for "other" races are not published. In the
enumeration process, race is determined by the
household respondent.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified
themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican,
Puerto Rican living on the mainland, Cuban, Central or
South American, or of other Hispanic origin or descent.
Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race; thus
they are included in both the white and black population
groups.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the
Armed Forces of the United States between August 5,
1964, and May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the
civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are
men who never served in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from
responses to the question "How much does . . . USUALLY earn per week at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime pay, commissions, or tips
usually received. The term "usual" is as perceived by
the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition
of usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term
as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or
5 months. Data refer to wage and salary workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who usually
work full time on their sole or primary job.
Median earnings indicate the value which divides the
earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part hav-

ing values above the median and the other having values
below the median. The medians as shown in this
publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the
$50 centered interval within which each median falls.
Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).

Single, never married; married, spouse present; and
other marital status are terms used to define the marital
status of individuals at the time of interview. Married,
spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were
reported as members of the same household even
though one may be temporarily absent on business,
vacation, on a visit, in a hospital, etc. Other marital
status applies to persons who are married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse absent, includes persons who are separated because of marital
discord, as well as persons who are living apart because
either the husband or the wife was employed and living
away from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or had a
different place of residence for any reason.
A household consists of all persons—related family
members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a
housing unit. A house, an apartment, a group of rooms,
or a single room is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as separate living
quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in
whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The
term is never applied to either husbands or wives in
married-couple families but relates only to persons in
families maintained by either men or women without a
spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons
residing together who are related by birth, marriage, or
adoption; all such persons are considered as members of
one family even though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married couple or a parent-child group
related by birth or marriage to the householder and
sharing the living quarters. The count of families used in
this publication excludes unrelated subfamilies such as
lodgers, guests, or resident employees living in a
household but not related to the householder. Families
are classified either as married-couple families or as
families maintained by women or men without spouses.
A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in
which the householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married, spouse absent. Data on the earnings
of families exclude all those in which there is no wage or
salary earner or in which the husband, wife, or other
persons maintaining the family is either self-employed
or in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in
tracted areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD'S) in untracted areas, in which 20 percent or more of the
noninstitutional residents were poor according to the




1980 decennial census. Persons were classified as poor
or nonpoor by comparing money income to a series of
poverty income thresholds which vary by family size
and number of children. While poverty areas have a
substantial concentration of low-income residents,
many poor persons live outside these areas, and, conversely, the areas include many people who are not
poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the
total of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA'S) as
defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
as of June 30, 1984. These definitions differ from those
used in the 1980 decennial census. A detailed discussion
of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology
can be found in "The New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980 Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan Statistical Areas,
PC-S1-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist of the total
territory outside MSA'S.
The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census,
comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in
places of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized
areas. More specifically, the urban population consists
of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New York), and towns (except in the
New England States, New York, and Wisconsin), but
excluding those persons living in the rural portions of
extended cities; and (2) other territories, incorporated
and unincorporated, included in urbanized areas. The
population not classified as urban constitutes the rural
population.
HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Change in lower age limit

The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor
force, employment, and unemployment was raised from
14 to 16 years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical series have been revised to provide consistent information based on the population 16 years and
over. For a detailed discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced at that time, including
estimates of their effect on the various series, see "New
Definitions for Employment and Unemployment,"
Employment and Earnings and Monthly Report on the
Labor Force, February 1967.
Noncomparability of labor force levels

In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there
are several other periods of noncomparability in the
labor force data: (1) Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from the 1950 census into the estimating
procedures, population levels were raised by about
600,000; labor force, total employment, and
agricultural employment were increased by about
177

350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and
men; other categories were relatively unaffected. (2)
Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii
resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and about 300,000 in the labor force, four-fifths of
this increase was in nonagricultural employment; other
labor force categories were not appreciably affected. (3)
Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the
1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and
labor force and employment by about 200,000;
unemployment totals were virtually unchanged. (4)
Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census
was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by about 800,000; labor force and
employment totals were raised by a little more than
300,000; and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent population adjustment based on the 1970 census was introduced in March
1973. This adjustment, which affected the white and
black-and-other groups but had little effect on totals,
resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white
population and an increase of the same magnitude in the
black-and-other population. Civilian labor force and
total employment figures were affected to a lesser
degree; the white labor force was reduced by 150,000,
and the black-and-other labor force rose by about
210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not
significantly affected.
In addition, beginning in January 1974, the
methodology used to prepare independent estimates of
the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to
an inflation-deflation approach. This change in the
derivation of the estimates had its greatest impact on
estimates of 20- to 24-year-old men—particularly those
of the black-and-other population—but had little effect
on'estimates of the total population 16 years and over.
Additional information on the adjustment procedure
appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from
Inflation-Deflation Method of Estimation", in the
February 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration
of Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total
and black-and-other independent population controls
for persons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by
76,000—30,000 men and 46,000 women. The addition
of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all
of the changes were in the other population.
Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation
procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in
the civilian labor force and employment totals;
unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural changes and
an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in
178




the Current Population Survey in January 1978" in the
February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual
was determined by the household respondent for the incoming rotation group households, rather than by the
interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to
provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by
race. Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample
households had race determined by the household
respondent and seven-eighths of the sample households
had race determined by interviewer observation. It was
not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race
determined by the household respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio
estimation method was changed in the CPS estimation
procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for metropolitan and
nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for the total United
States. The reasoning behind the change and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the
February 1979 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the
February 1982 issue of Employment and Earnings. In
addition, current population estimates used in the
second-stage estimation procedure are derived from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than
the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases in total population and estimates of persons in
all labor force categories. Rates for labor force
characteristics, however, remained virtually unchanged.
Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted back to
1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment
procedure used is also described in the February 1982
article cited above. The revisions did not, however,
smooth out the breaks in series occurring between 1972
and 1979 that are described above, and data users
should make allowances for them in making certain
data comparisons.
Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment methodology was updated to account for
results obtained from the 1980 census. The purpose of
the change and an indication of its effect on national
estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. There were only slight differences
between the old and new procedures in estimates of
levels for the various labor force characteristics and vir-

and February 1972 issues, respectively, of Employment
and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census
were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from
those developed for the 1970 census which were used in
the CPS from January 1971 through December 1982.
The 1980 census occupational classification system
evolved from the Standard Occupational Classification
system (soc). While the CPS occupational data are now
comparable with other data sources, the new system is
so radically different in concepts and nomenclature
from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical
data are not possible without major adjustments. For
example, the 1980 major group "sales occupations" is
substantially larger than the 1970 category "sales
workers". Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors
in retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."

tually no differences in estimates of participation rates.
Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the
CPS estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first and second-stage ratio adjustments, and
the composite estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes and an indication of
their effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Changes in Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of this
publication. Overall, the revisions had only a slight effect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on
estimates of persons of Hispanic origin. Major
estimates were revised back to January 1980.
Beginning in January 1986, the population controls
used in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology
were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number
of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since
1980 and an improved estimate of the number of legal
foreign-born emigrants for the same time period. As a
result, the total civilian population and labor force
estimates were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian
employment was increased by about 350,000. The
Hispanic-origin civilian population and labor force
estimates were raised by about 425,000 and 305,000,
respectively, and civilian employment by 270,000.
Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and rates
were not significantly affected. Because of the
magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data have
been revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An explanation of the changes and their effect on
estimates of labor force characteristics appears in
"Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the
February 1986 issue of this publication.

The industrial classification system used in the 1980
census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial
Classification (Sic) system, as modified in 1977. The
adoption of the new system had much less of an adverse
effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most notable changes from the
1970 system were the transfer of farm equipment stores
from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal service from
"public administration" to "transportation", and
some interchange between "professional and related
services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational and industrial classification systems appears in
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning
in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings.

Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational
employment data was affected as a result of changes in
the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were introduced into the CPS. Comparability
was further affected in December 1971, when a question
relating to major activity or duties was added to the
monthly CPS questionnaire in order to determine more
precisely the occupational classification of individuals.
As a result of these changes, meaningful comparisons of
occupational employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and prior years nor between those 2
years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of the changes in the
occupational classification system, see "Revisions in
Occupational Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey" in the February 1971

Changes in the sample design
Since the inception of the survey, there have been
various changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of
these changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the
reliability of the sample estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census
is to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of
sample areas and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally. In 1953, the current rotation plan
was introduced in which a sample unit is interviewed for
4 months, leaves the sample for 8 months, and then
returns to the sample for another 4 months. When
Alaska and Hawaii athieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to account for the population in
these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major
portion of the sample from census address lists was




179

begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected
using area sampling. Following the 1970 census, the
ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous cluster of six housing units to a usually contiguous cluster of four housing units. In January 1978, a
supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in
24 States and the District of Columbia and designed to
provide more reliable annual average estimates for
States, was incorporated into the design. In October
1978 a coverage improvement sample, composed of approximately 450 sample household units which
represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and
600,000 new construction housing units, was included in
computing the estimates in order to provide coverage of
mobile homes and new construction units that previously had no chance for selection in the CPS sample selected
from the 1970 census frame. In January 1980, another
supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected in 32
States and the District of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample reduction of about 6,000 units
was implemented in May 1981. Beginning in January
1982, the sample was expanded by 100 households to
provide additional coverage in counties added to
SMSA's, which were redefined in 1973.
Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was
selected based on 1980 census information rather than
1970 census information. The selection of new sample
areas provided an opportunity to improve the efficiency
of the sample design. Sample areas chosen to replace incoming sample areas account for only 10 percent of the
national estimate. The new CPS sample has resulted in
increased reliability for State estimates with a slightly
reduced sample size. The reliability of national
estimates is unaffected. Sample households are chosen
from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973
geographic areas in the United States. This current
number of sample areas is not completely comparable to
the old number of sample areas since many of the sample areas have been redefined. (See pp. 7-10 of the May
1984 issue of Employment and Earnings, for an overview of these new definitions and the introduction of the
new sample.)
Table A provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use during the different data collection periods. A more detailed account of the history
of the CPS sample design appears in the Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Technical Paper
No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or Concepts and
Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived From
the Current Population Survey, Report 463, Bureau of
Labor Statistics.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of
the results for a given month become available
simultaneously and are based on returns from the entire
180




panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data from each sample person by
the inverse of the probability of the person being in the
sample. This gives a rough measure of the number of actual persons that the sample person represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons within the same
State will have the same probability of selection. These
estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the
ratio estimation procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed households are adjusted to the extent needed to
account for occupied sample households for which no
information was obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability of the
respondents for other reasons. This noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations of similar
sample areas that are not necessarily contained within a
State. Similarity of sample areas is based on
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size.
Within each combination of sample areas there is a further breakdown by residence. MS A sample areas are
categorized by central city and the balance of the MSA.
Residence categories of non-MSA areas are urban and
rural. The proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent, depending on
weather, vacation, etc.

2. Ratio estimates. Xhe distribution of the population
selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by
chance, from that of the population as a whole, in such
characteristics as age, race, sex, and residence. Since
these characteristics are closely correlated with labor
force participation and other principal measurements
made from the sample, the survey estimates can be
substantially improved when weighted appropriately by
the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages
of ratio estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of
the 729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas
not in the sample; the remainder of the sample areas
represent only themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was designed to reduce the portion of the
variance resulting from requiring sample-areas to represent nonsample areas. Therefore, this procedure is not
applied to sample areas which represent only
themselves. The adjustment is made at the State level
for each of the 43 States which contains nonsample
areas by race cells of black and non-black. The procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell at
the time of the 1980 census between the race distribution
of the population in sample areas and the known race
distribution of the State.

Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date
Time period

Aug.1947 to Jan.1954 .
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956 .
May 1956 to Dec. 1959 .
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963 .
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966.
Jan. 1967 to July 1971 .
Aug. 1971 to July 1972 .
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977
Jgin. 1978 to Dec. 1979 .
Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981.
May 1981 to Dec. 1984 .
Jan. 1985 to present .

Interviewed

Not interviewed

Households visited but
not eligible

68
230
330
2
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729

21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000

500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500

3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6.0QP
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000

1

1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in each State and the District of Columbia.

b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted to the distribution of independent current
estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population in
the same categories. The second-stage ratio adjustment
which is performed to further reduce variability of the
estimates and to correct to some extent for CPS undercover age relative to the decennial census, is carried out
in three steps. In the first step, the sample estimates are
adjusted within each State and the District of Columbia
to an independent control for the population 16 years
and over. The second step involves an adjustment by Hispanic origin to a national estimate for 8
age-sex categories by Hispanic and non-Hispanic. In the
third step, a national adjustment is made by the race
categories of white, black, and other races to independent estimates by age and sex. The white and black
categories contain 32 age-sex groups each while the
other races category has 6 age-sex cells. The entire
second-stage adjustment procedure is iterated six times,
each time beginning at the weights developed the
previous time. This ensures that the sample estimates 6f
the population for both State and national age-sex-raceorigin categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure incorporates changes instituted in
January 1985. The nature and effect of these changes
are discussed in detail in "Changes in Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of Employment and Earnings.
The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend in the growth of this segment of
the population from the April 1, 1980, census through
the latest available July 1 estimate, adjusted as a last
step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of this
group. State estimates by age for July 1 are published
annually in Current Population Reports, Series P-25.
For a description of the methodology used in developing




Households eligible

Number of sample
areas

2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and
Hawaii after statehood.

the State total, use Report 640 of that series. A description of the age estimates methodology is available upon
request from the Chief of the Population Division, U.S.
Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. 20233.
Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control
for Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These
Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the
1980 census count for Hispanics by adding estimated
Hispanic births and immigrants and subtracting
estimated Hispanic deaths and emigrants to yield an
estimate of the Hispanic population by age and sex.
During the period from January 1982 to December
1984, the "inflation-deflation" method was temporarily discontinued in the preparation of the independent
national controls used for the age-sex-race groups in the
third step of the second-stage ratio estimation procedure. These controls were prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census data after taking account of subsequent aging of the population, births, deaths, and net
migration and then subtracting the estimate for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in
January 1985, the "inflation-deflation" method of
deriving independent population controls was reintroduced into the CPS estimation procedure. With the
"inflation-deflation" method, the independent controls
are prepared by inflating the 1980 census counts to include estimated undercounts by age, sex and race, aging
this population forward to each subsequent month and
later age by adding births and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These post-censal population estimates
are then deflated to census level to reflect the pattern of
net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex,
and race. Because an estimate of undercount is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex group
is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method.
Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age
structure of the undercount, but not the level. This
feature of the method is important since the exact
amount of undercount in the 1980 census remains
unknown.
181

Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and
the estimate date are based on tabulations of vital
statistics for the resident population made by the National Center for Health Statistics and data on deaths of
military personnel overseas from the Department of
Defense. Estimates of net civilian immigration are based
on data provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Department of Defense, the Office of
Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning
Board. The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas. The institutional
population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived from the 1980 census to the total
population, including Armed Forces overseas for the
estimate date. All computations described above are
performed in cells defined by single year of age, race,
and sex. The independent national control totals are
then obtained by collapsing these cells into broader age
groups for the population 16 years and older.
Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced into the estimation of the independent population controls. For the first time, an explicit allowance
for net undocumented immigration since April 1, 1980
(the census date) was added to the estimated level of
legal immigration. In addition, an increase in the
estimate of emigration of legal foreign-born residents
has been incorporated into the postcensal population
estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of these
changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the
Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue
of Employment and Earnings.
3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics
for a given month, a composite estimating procedure is
used which takes account of net changes from the
previous month for continuing parts of the sample (75
percent), as well as the sample results for the current
month. Also included is an additional term which is an
estimate of the net difference between incoming and
continuing parts of the current month's sample. Almost
all estimates of month-to-month change are improved
by this procedure, and most estimates of level are also
improved, but to a lesser extent.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal
the totals shown in the same tables because of independent rounding of totals and components to the nearest
thousand. Similarly, sums of percent distributions may
not always equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates

There are two types of errors possible in an estimate
182




based on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling.
The standard errors provided primarily indicate the
magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially
measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in
response and enumeration but do not measure any
systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is unknown, but special studies have been conducted
to quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the
CPS, as discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative change, such
as-month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels
would be more severely affected by the nonsampling
error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to
many sources, e.g., inability to obtain information
about all cases in the sample, definitional difficulties,
differences in the interpretation of questions, inability
or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall information, errors made
in collection such as in recording or coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made in
estimating values for missing data, and failure to represent all sample households and all persons within sample households (under cover age).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase
of the survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is used to estimate various
sources of error as well as to evaluate and control the
work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected through reinterview at
regular intervals. The results indicate, among other
things, that the data published from the CPS are subject
to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS
reinterview program and some of the other results may
be found in the Current Population Survey Reinterview
Program, January 1961 through December 1966.
Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in the CPS data can be examined as a result of the
rotation plan used for the sample, since the level of the
estimates varies by rotation group. A description of
these effects appears in the 'The Effects of Rotation
Group Bias on Estimates from Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American Statistical
Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households.
Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage is about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS
undercoverage varies with age, sex, race and Hispanic
origin. Generally, undercoverage is larger for men than
for women, and larger for blacks, Hispanics and other

races combined than for whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-race-origin population controls, as
described previously, partially corrects for the biases
due to survey undercover age. However, biases exist in
the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed
households or missed persons in interviewed households
have different characteristics than interviewed persons
in the same age-sex-race-origin group. Further, the independent population controls used have not been adjusted for undercoverage in the 1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the
CPS appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as
Measured by the Current Population Survey," by
Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy
Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards; in "The
Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin
Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and
Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and in The
Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce. This last document includes
a comprehensive discussion of various sources of error
and describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a
measure of sampling variability, that is, of the variation
that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the
entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and
its estimated standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, ranges that would include the average
of all possible samples with a known probability. For
example, if all possible samples were selected, each of
these surveyed under essentially the same general conditions and using the same sample design, and an estimate
ana its estimated error were calculated from each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from
one standard error below the estimate to one standard
error above the estimate would include the average
result of all possible samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard error
above the estimate would include the average of all
possible samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2
standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors
above the estimate would include the average result of
all possible samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a large number of estimates and could be
prepartd at a moderate cost, a number of approximations are required. First, the standard errors in this
volume reflect the sample design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State




estimates. Thus, these standard errors may slightly
overstate the standard errors applicable to the present
design. Second, instead of computing an individual
standard error for each estimate, generalized sets of
standard errors are computed for various types of
characteristics. This generalization yields more stable
estimates of the standard errors. Consequently, the sets
of standard errors provided give an indication of the
order of magnitude of the standard error of an estimate
rather than the precise standard error.
Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for
major employment status characteristics for monthly
estimates and for changes for consecutive months.
These standard errors are applicable to the level of the
estimates in recent months (1985 annual averages).
Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors for monthly level and month-to-month change for
estimated totals, unemployment rates, and percentages.
Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly
level and month-to-month change for percentages.
Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in.
the table may be approximated by linear interpolation.
The standard error for estimated changes from one
month to the next is more closely related to the monthly
level for the characteristic than to the size of the specific
month-to-month change itself. Thus, in order to use the
generalized standard errors for month-to-month change
as given in the tables of standard errors, it is necessary
to obtain the monthly estimate for the characteristic. It
should be noted that the tables of standard errors for
month-to-month change apply only to estimates of
change between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of
change for nojiconsecutive months are subject to higher
standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with
tables D, F, H, and I to compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor force participation rates, and
percentages as pertaining to the year-to-year change of
monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in
quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in
yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes
in quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the
standard errors must be adjusted due to the differences
in the sample size. For years prior to 1956, the standard
errors should be multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66
period, they should be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard errors for quarterly estimates
of persons and families for use with the CPS earnings
data.

Standard errors for estimated totals. Jables D and E
provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals
and for month-to-month change. The figures given in
these tables are to be used for the characteristics as indicated.

183

Table B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(In thousands)
Standard error of—
Employment status, sex,
age, and race

Monthly
level

Month-tomonth
change (consecutive
months only)

244
263
131

187
200
134

148
162
89

127
141
91

189
190
82

140
144
85

83
86
57

91
97
63

82
92
65

63
70
67

49
56
43

43
50
46

67
67
43

44
48
46

33
30
30

37
34
32

I
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force.
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force.
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force.
Employed
Unemployed

I

Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number
of persons working a specific number of hours was
12,000,000, an increase of 400,000 over the previous
month. Linear interpolation in the second column of
table D shows that the standard error on an estimate of
12,000,000 is about 159,000. The 68-percent confidence
interval as shown by these data is from 11,841,000 to
12,159,000. Therefore, a conclusion that the average
estimate derived from all possible samples lies within a
range computed in this way would be correct for
roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that
the standard error of a month-to-month change is
primarily dependent on the size of the monthly estimate.
Thus, using linear interpolation in the first column of
table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change
of 400,000, when the monthly level is approximately
12,000,000, is about 118,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated
percentage, computed using sample data for both
numerator and denominator, depends upon both the
size of the rate or percentage and the total upon which
the rate or percentage is based. Estimated rates and
percentages are relatively more reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator of the rates or
percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of
50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are
not published when the monthly base is less than 75,000,
the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or the annual average base is less than 35,000.

Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics
Standard error of—
Characteristic

Total (all civilian workers) .
Men, 20 years and over ..
Women, 20 years and over .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White workers.
Black workers
Married men, spouse present...
Married women, spouse present
Full-time workers .
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over.

Monthly level

Consecutive
month change

0.11
.15
.17
.65
.11
.52
.15
.21
.12
.34
.06

0.12
.15
.18
.77
.12
.54
.16
.23
.12
.42
.08

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and managerial.
Professional specialty
Technicians and related support
Sales
Administrative support, including cleric^
Private household .
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective .

184




.21
.18
.49
.29
.24
1.07
.67

.24
.20
.55
.32
.26
1.20
.76

.38

.43

Standard error of—
Characteristic

Monthfy level

Consecutive
month change

0.32

0.35

.50
.57

.57
.64

.70
.65

.80
.73

.13
1.37
.65
.27
.34
.42

.14
1.56
.74
.30
.38
.48

.41
.26
.20
.18
1.22

.46
.29
.22
.19
1.40

Occupation—Continued
Precision production, craft, and repair .
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing .
Industry
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers,
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing .
Durable goods . . .
Nondurable goods
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade .
Finance and services .
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers.

Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(In thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural employment data
Estimated monthly level

50
100
500

1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000 ...
15,000 ...
20,000 ...
30,000 ...
40,000 ...
50,000 ...
60,000 ...
70,000 ...
80,000 ...
100,000.
120,000.

Agricultural
employment

14
19
43
61
85
120

146

Total or
white

11
15
34
48
68

95
116
133

147
177

Black

11
15
34
47
64
84
94
97
94
50

201
236

261
278
288
293
293
273
231

Total or
Black men
Total or
Black, 16 to white men
• only, or
white, 16 to
only, or
19 years
women only
19 years
women only
11
15
33
46
63
80
86
83
70

11
15
29
33

10

14
32
45
63
87
105
120

132
155
170
188
189
175
141
61

10
14
31
42
55
66
58
23

Unemployment
Total or
white

10

15
33
47
66
93
113

Black

11
16
35
49
67
88
99

129
143

172
195

1
When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group
which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard
error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error

on the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use
the column for total employed.

Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for
monthly level and month-to-month change for
unemployment rates. Generalized standard errors for
estimated monthly percentages and estimated month-tomonth change in percentage can be obtained through
the use of the standard errors in table H and the factors
in table I. First obtain the standard error from table H
for the specific percentage and base. The generalized
standard error is then calculated by multiplying the
standard error from table H by the appropriate factor
from table I. When the numerator and denominator of
the percentage are in different categories, use the factor
indicated by the numerator of the percentage.
Illustration, Assume that in a given month 3.6 percent
of a total of 90,771,000 employed persons are employed
in agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 3.6
percent with a base of 90,771,000 is obtained from table
H (0.09 percent). The appropriate factor from table I
for the numerator of the percentage, agricultural
employment, is 1.26. The generalized standard error on
the estimated 3.6 percent is then approximately 0.09 x
1.26 = 0.1 percentage point.

monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in
quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in
yearly averages may be obtained by using table J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for
estimates of change are more closely related to the level
of the estimate than to the size of the specific change.
Thus, to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an
average level, rate, or percentage, or an estimate of a
change in level, rate, or percentage, it is first necessary
to find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate
of an average level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For an estimate of change in
level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of the
average of the two estimates affecting the change. Then,
after computing the standard error by treating these
estimates as monthly estimates and using the procedures
above, multiply this result by a suitable factor from
table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the
average or change.

Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly
estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly
averages, yearly averages, and changes in yearly
averages, "fhe approximate standard errors of levels,
rates, and percentages involving year-to-year change of




Illustration. Suppose that one is interested in the yearto-year change of a monthly unemployment rate.
Assume that for a certain month the unemployment rate
is 6.9 percent, based on a total of 95,676,000 in the
civilian labor force, and that a year prior to this the
unemployment rate was 6.1 percent, based on a total of
94,254,000 in the civilian labor force for the month.
First the standard error on the average of the two
185

estimates, 6.5 percent with a base of 94,965,000, is obtained from table F (0.12 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then
given by 0.12 x 1.40 = 0.17 percentage point.
The approximate standard error of levels involving
year-to-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to
CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using table K in conjunction with the following formula:
Standard
error of

2 ( P ) \ error

/

Where X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the
estimate for another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a
measure of the correlation between the estimates X and
Y resulting from the presence of some of the same

respondents in the sample for each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of quarterly estimates, the
values of P are .30 for persons (total, white, and black)
and .35 for families (total, white, and black). The
respective values for estimates of Hispanics are .45 and
.55.
Illustration. Assume that in a given quarter the number
of women employed as full-time wage and salary
workers was 27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year
later, their number had increased to 29,000,000. Using
linear interpolation in the eighth column of table K, the
standard error of an estimate of 27,000,000 is 216,000;
for 29,000,000 it is 221,000. Using the above formula,
the standard error of the 2,000,000, year-to-year change
is:

V(216,000) 2

•

(221,000)

•2 (.30) (216,000)

(22],000),

or about 259,000.

Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(In thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural
employment data

Unemployment

Estimated monthly level

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000 ...
15,000 ...
20,000 ...
30,000 ...
40,000 ...
50,000 ...
60,000 ...
70,000 ...
80,000 ...
100,000 .
120,000 .
1
2

Total or white

Black

8
11
25
36
50
70
86
98
109
131
148
174
191
203
210
212
211
193
153

8
11
25
35
47
62
70
73
71
42

Both sexes 16
Total or white, Black, 16 to
to 19 years, or
Total or white
16 to 19 years
19 years
part-time labor
force2
13
18
39
54
72
88
88
71

See footnote 1, table D.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons

186




13
18
34
36

12
16
37
51
72
99
118
132
143
160
165

13
18
40
54
70
78
60

Black

12
17
38
52
69
85
87

Black, 16 to
19 years
12
18
35
37

reentering the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by
duration of unemployment.

Table F. Standard errors for unemployment rates
Monthly base of unemployment rate (In
thousands)

50
100
500
1,000....
2,000 ....
4,000 ....
6,000 ....
10,000..
20,000 ..
60,000 ..
100,000

Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
1

2.09
1.48
.66
.47
.33
.23
.19
.15
.10
.06
.05

2.94
2.08
.93
.66
.46
.33
.27
.21
.15
.08
.07

4.57
3.23
1.45
1.02
.72

.51
.42
.32
.23
.13
.10

10

15

20

25

30

35

50

6.28
4.44
1.99

7.46
5.28

8.34

9.01
6.37

9.05
6.73

9.87

2.85
2.01

3.01
2.13
1.50
1.06
.87
.67
.47
.27
.21

10.21
7.22
3.27

1.40
.99
.70
.57
.44
.31
.18
.14

2.36
1.67
1.18
.83
.68
.53
.37
.21

.17

5.90
2.64
1.87
1.32
.93
.76
.59
.42
.24
.19

1.42
1.01
.82

.64
.45
.26
.20

6.98
3.12
2.21

1.56
1.10
.90
.70

.49
.27
.22

2.28
1.61
1.14

.93
.72
.51

.29
.22

Table G. Standard errors for month-to-month change in unemployment rates
Monthly base of unemployment rate (In
thousands)
. ..
.

.

.. .

1

2

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

50

2.32
1.64
.73
.52
.37
.26
.21
.16
.12
.07
.05

3.28
2.32
1.04
.73
.52

5.14
3.64
1.63
1.15
.81
.57"
.47
.36
.25
.14
.11

7.18
5.08
2.27
1.60
1.13
.80
.65
.50
.35
.19
.14

8.69
6.14
2.74
1.94
1.37
.96
.78
.60
.42
.22
.15

9.90
7.00
3.13
2.21
1.56
1.10
.69
.68
.47
.23
.15

10.93
7.12
3.45
2.44
1.72
1.20
.98
.75
.51
.24

11.81
8.35
3.73
2.63
1.85
1.30
1.05
.80
.54

12.58
8.89
3.97
2.80
1.97
1.38
1.11

14.48
10.17
4.53
3.19
2.24
1.56

N
on
CO CO CV

50
100
500
1 000
2,000
4 000
6,000
10,000
20 000
60 000
100,000

Monthly unemployment rate (percent)

.16
.09
.07

Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for labor force
data
Monthly base of percentages
(In thousands)

50
100
500
1,000....
2,000 ....
4,000 ....
6,000 ....
10,000..
20,000 ..
40,000 ..
60,000 ..
80,000 ..
100,000
160,000

Percentage of monthly level
1or99

2 or 98

5 or 95

2.14
1.51
.68
.48
.34
.24
.20
.15
.11
.08
.06
.05
.05
.04

3.01
2.13
.95
.67
.48
.34
.28
.21
.15
.11
.09
.08
.07
.05

4.69
3.32
1.48

1.05
.74
.52
.43
.33
.23
.17

.14
.12
.10
.08

10 or 90 15 or 85 20 or 80 25 or 75 30 or 70 35 or 65
6.46
4.57
2.04
1.44

1.02
.72
.59

.46
.32
.23
.19
.16
.14
.11

7.68
5.43
2.43
1.72
1.22
.86
.70
.54
.38

.27
.22
.19
.17
.13

8.61
6.09
2.72
1.92
1.36

.96
.79
.61
.43
.30
.25
.22
.19
.15

9.32
6.59
2.95
2.08
1.47
1.04
.85
.66
.47
.33
.27
.23

9.86
6.97

50

1.56
1.10

1.62

10.76
7.61
3.40
2.41
1.70

1.15

1.20

.90
.70
.49
.35

.94
.73

.98
.76
.54

3.12

2.21

t0.27
7.26
3.25
2.30

.21

.28
.25
.22

.51
.36
.30
.26
.23

.16

.17

.18

.38

.31
.27
.24
.19

NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specific
characteristic.




187

Table I. Factors to be used with Table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month
change in percentages
Factor

Factor
Characteristic

Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment data:
Total
Men only
Women only
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part-time labor force

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.26
1.26

1.05
1.50

.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18

1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00

Characteristic
Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.01

1.21

.97
.97

1.08
1.21

1.04
1.04

1.13
1.24

Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration of
unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Black:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Table J. Factors to be used with Tables, D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages
and change in yearly averages,
Factor
Characteristic

Year-to-year
change of monthly
estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in
yearly
averages

1.30
1.30

0.89
.83

0.80
.80

0.72
.58

0.70
.70

1.40

.74

.80

.46

.70

1.30

.88

.88

.67

.70

1.30
1.40

.82
.74

.88
.88

.57
.46

.70
.60

1.40
1.40

.76
.69

.88
.88

.50
.39

.65
.54

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Part time
Labor force data other than
agricultural employment and
unemployment data:
Total or white
Black or teenagers
(16 to 19 years)
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time

188




Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly level, to be used with CPS earnings data
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Men

Total
Estimated quarterly level

Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers

10
50
75
100
150
200
250
300
500
750
1,000 ...
1,500 ...
2,000 ...
2,500 ...
3,000 ...
5,000 ...
7,500 ...
10,000 .
15,000.
20,000 .
25,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
75,000 ..
100,000




5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
76
83
107
130
149
180
205
226
224
273
296
331
343

Total or
white

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
85
93
119
145
165
198
224
244
261
286
301
304
255

Women

Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
46
53
63
72
79
85
100
107
102

5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
144
187
192
207
219
236

Total

White

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
117
140
157
183
199
209
212
201

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
116
138
155
179
193
199
198
174

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
29
37
45
50
59
65
69
71
64

Total, full-time, or
part-time workers
Total or
white

5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
145
173
195
211
224
242

Black
5
11
13
15
19
21
24
26
33
41
46
56
63
69
74
85

189

Establishment Data
(Tables B-1 through C-8)
COLLECTION

Payroll reports provide current information on wage
and salary employment and hours and earnings in
nonagricultural establishments, by industry and
geographic location. Historical statistics are published
in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States,
1909-84, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States
and Areas, 1939-82 and their annual supplements.

All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the
Nation and for States and areas are classified in accordance with the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SICM),Office of Management and Budget.
The BLS tabulates and estimates statistics which
distinguish between private and public establishments,
thus maintaining continuity with previously published
statistics for the private and government sector.

Federal-State cooperation

Industry employment

Under cooperative arrangements, responding
establishments report employment, hours, and earnings
data to State agencies. State agencies mail the forms to
the establishments and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the
reported data to prepare State and area series and also
send the reported data to the BLS (Washington Office)
for use in preparing the national series. This avoids a
duplicate reporting burden on establishments, and
together with the use of similar estimating techniques at
the national and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates.
Shuttle schedules

Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and
Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The
collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent
each month so that the next month's data can be entered
on the space alotted for that month. This "shuttle" procedure assures maximum comparability and accuracy of
reporting, since the respondent can see the figures that
have been reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total
number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of
nonagricultural establishments and, for most industries,
employment, payroll, and hours of production and
related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay
period which includes the 12th of the month.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification

Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are
classified into industries on the basis of their principal
product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. Since January 1980, this information
is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports filed by employers. For an
establishment making more than one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of
the establishment is included under the industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
190




Employment data, except those for the Federal
Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls
who received pay for any part of the pay period which
includes the 12th of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the
number of persons who occupied positions on the last
day of the calendar month. Intermittent workers are
counted if they performed any service during the
month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and
domestic workers. Salaried officers of corporations are
included. Government employment covers only civilian
employees; military personnel are excluded. Employees
of the Central Intelligence Agency and the National
Security Agency are also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid
sick leave (when pay is received directly from the firm),
on paid holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during
a part of the pay period even though they are
unemployed or on strike during the rest of the period
are counted as employed. Not counted as employed are
persons who are on layoff, on leave without pay, on
strike for the entire period, or who were hired but have
not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of changes in number of employees
on nonagricultural payrolls. These indexes measure the
percent of industries which posted increases in employment over the specified time span. The indexes are
calculated from 185 seasonally adjusted employment
series (two-digit nonmanufacturing industries and threedigit manufacturing industries) covering all nonagricultural payroll employment in the private sector. A
more detailed discussion of these indexes appears in
"Introduction of Diffusion Indexes," in the December
1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Industry hours and earnings

Average hours and earnings data are derived from
reports of payrolls and hours for production and related

workers in manufacturing and mining, construction
workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees
in private service-producing industries.
Production and related workers include working
supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including
group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage,
handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking,
hauling, maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services,
product development, auxiliary production for plant's
own use (e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other
services closely associated with the above production
operation.
Construction workers include the following
employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices,
helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether
working at the site of construction or working in shops
or yards at jobs (such as precutting and preassembling)
ordinarily performed by members of the construction
trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not
above the working supervisory level) such as office and
clerical workers, repairers, salespersons, operators,
drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social
workers, research aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers,
custodial workers, attendants, line installers and
repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services
are closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who
received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. The payroll is reported
before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and
unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding
tax, bonds, or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation, and sick leave paid directly by
the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and paid regularly each
pay period); other pay not earned in the pay period
reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips; and the value of
free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such as health and other
types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc.,
paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period
which includes the 12th of the month for production,
construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are
hours paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave
when pay is received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production
or related workers for which overtime premiums were




paid because the hours were in excess of the number of
hours of either the straight-time workday or the
workweek during the pay period which included the
12th of the month. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums were paid. Hours for
which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other
similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information
relates to the average hours for which pay was received
and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such
factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, parttime work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to
be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further reflect changes in the
workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly
figures for 1977. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product of average weekly hours and
production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry aggregation, hours
agregates are the sum of the component aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent
that portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for which overtime premiums were
paid. If an employee were to work on a paid holiday at
regular rates, receiving as total compensation his or her
holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked
that day, no overtime hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from month to month; for
example, overtime premiums may be paid for hours in
excess of the straight-time workday although less than a
full week is worked. Diverse trends at the industry
group level also may be caused by a marked change in
hours for a component industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current
months. In addition, such factors as stoppages,
absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same
influence on overtime hours as on average hours.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are
on a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in
basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such
variable factors as premium pay for overtime and lateshift work and changes in output of workers paid on an
incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of
employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid
work and changes in workers' earnings in individual
191

establishments. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates.
Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated
period of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a
given unit of work or time. The earnings series do not
measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the
employer since the following are excluded: Irregular
bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare
benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings
for those employees not covered under the production
worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage
payments. This series is compiled only for aircraft
manufacturing, sic 3721. The same concepts and
estimation methods apply to this series as apply to the
average hourly earnings series described above; the one
difference between the two series is definitional. The
payroll data used to calculate this series include lumpsum payments made to production workers in lieu of
general wage rate increases; such payments are excluded
from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate
the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in sic 3721 covered by
a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data are
adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year
and cover the following 12-month period. In order to
sprfead the payment across this time period, a prorated
portion of the payment is added to the payroll each
month. This prorated portion is adjusted by an exit rate
to reduce the lump-sum amount to account for persons
who received the payment but left before the payment
allocation period expired.

number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by
the number of employees, as defined above. Average
weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average
weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average
hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings
are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but also by changes in the length of the workweek.
Monthly variations in such factors as the proportion of
part-time workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor
turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for
which employees are not paid may cause the average
workweek to fluctuate.
Long-time trends of average weekly earnings can be
affected by structural changes in the makeup of the
work force. For example, persistent long-term increases
in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade
and many of the services industries have reduced
average workweeks in these industries and have affected
the average weekly earnings series.
Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are
calculated from the earnings averages for the current
month using a deflator derived from the Consumer
Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W).
ESTIMATING METHODS

The principal features of the procedure used to
estimate employment for the establishment statistics are
(1) the use of the "link relative" technique, which is a
form of ratio estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of
employment levels to new benchmarks; and (3) the use
of size and regional stratification.
The "link relative" technique

Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average
hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay, are
computed by dividing the total production worker
payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours and one-half of total overtime
hours. No adjustments are made for other premium
payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift
work, and overtime rates other than time and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I
railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies)
are based on monthly data summarized in the M-300
report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and
relate to all employees except executives, officials, and
staff assistants (ice group I) who received pay during
the month. Average hourly earnings are computed by
dividing total compensation by total hours paid for.
Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total
192




From a sample composed of establishments reporting
for both the previous and current months, the ratio of
current-month employment to that of the previous
month is computed. This is called a "link relative." The
estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the
current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates
for the previous month by these "link relatives." In addition, bias correction factors are applied to selected
employment estimates each month. The size of the bias
correction factors is determined from past benchmark
comparisons. Beginning with data for April 1983, these
factors are modified by changes in the sample link
relatives for the most recent quarter. Other features of
the general procedures are described in table L.
Size and regional stratification

A number of industries are stratified by size of

Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Employment, hours,
and earnings

Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or
region/size cell)

Aggregate industry level (division and,
where stratified, industry)

Monthly data
All employees

All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells.
by ratio of all employees in current month to all
employees in previous month, for sample establishments which reported for both months.1

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
All-employees estimate for current month multiplied Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker
employees .
by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory work- estimates, or estimates of women employees, for
ers to all employees in sample establish- component cells.
ments for current month, (2) estimated ratio of women
to all employees.2
Average weekly hours .

Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory
by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2 worker employment, of the average weekly hours for
component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours .

Production worker overtime hours divided by number Average, weighted by production worker employment,
of the average weekly overtime hours for comof production workers.2
ponent cells.

Average hourly earnings.

Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average
hourly earnings for component cells.
divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker
hours.2

Average weekly earnings .

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.
earnings.
Annual average data

All employees, women employees, and
production or nonsupervisory workers .

Average weekly hours

Average weekly overtime hours .

Average hourly earnings .

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or non- Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied supervisory workers divided by annual sum of
by average weekly hours) divided by annual employment for these workers.
sum of employment.
Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (pro- Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for
duction worker employment multiplied by production workers divided by aiyiual sum of
average weekly overtime hours) divided employment for these workers.
by annual sunvof employment.
Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of pro- Annual total of aggregate
duction or nonsupervisory worker employment annual aggregate hours.
by weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided
by annual aggregate hours.

payrolls divided by

Product of average weekly
hourly earnings.

hours and average

Average weekly earnings .
1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly
hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by




Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

hours and average Product of average weekly
hourly earnings.

a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising
mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure
accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at
the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest
sample average.

193

establishment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the
hours and earnings into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment,
hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a
whole industry or a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size
stratum of a region within an industry.
Benchmark adjustments
Employment estimates are compared periodically with
benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for
the various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate adjustments are made as indicated. The industry estimates
are currently projected from March 1985 levels. Normally,
benchmark adjustments are made annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are
employment data, by industry, compiled quarterly by
State agencies from reports of establishments covered
under State unemployment insurance laws. These
tabulations cover about 97 percent of employees on
nonagricultural payrolls in the United States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained from the records
of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate
Commerce Commission, and a number of other agencies in private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared
with new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new
benchmark and the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month by use of the sample trends. Thus,
under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish
the level of employment; the sample is used to measure the
month-to-month changes in the level. A comparison of the
actual amounts of revisions made at the time of the March
1985 benchmark adjustment is shown in table M.
Data for all months since the last benchmark to which
the series has been adjusted are subject to revision. Revised
data are published as soon as possible after each benchmark revision.
Table M. Comparison of nonagricultural employment
benchmarks and estimates for March 1985

Industry
Total .
Mining
Construction . .
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale trade .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .
Services . . . .
Government.
1

Less than 0.05 percent.

194




Benchmark

Estimate

Percent
difference

96,042,000

96,045,000

(1)

933,000
4,241,000
19,295,000

962.00C
4,180,000
19,399,000

-3.1
1.4
-.5

5,155,000
5,654,000
16,782,000

5,205,000
5,681,000
16,818,000

-1.0
-.5
-.2

5,825,000
21,561,000
16,596,000

5,796,000
21,536,000
16,468,000

.5
.1
.8

THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the Current Employment
Statistics program is known as ' 'sampling proportionate to
average size of establishment." This design is an optimum
allocation design among strata since the sampling variance
is proportional to the average size of establishments.
Under this type of design, large establishments fall into the
sample with certainty. The size of the sample for the
various industries is determined empirically on the basis of
experience and of cost considerations. In a manufacturing
industry in which a high proportion of total employment is
concentrated in relatively few establishments, a larger percent of total employment is included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for such industries provides for
a complete census of the large establishments, with only a
few chosen from among the smaller establishments or
none at all if the concentration of employment is great
enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large
proportion of total employment is in small establishments,
the sample design calls for inclusion of all large establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones.
Many industries in the trade and services divisions fall into
this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be
handled by available resources, it is necessary to design
samples for these industries with a smaller proportion of
universe employment than is the case for most manufacturing industries. Since individual establishments in these
nonmanufacturing divisions generally show less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than do
establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller
samples (in terms of employment) generally produce
reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS Current Employment Statistics
program, with its emphasis on producing timely data at
minimum cost, a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of a sufficiently large segment of the
universe to provide reasonably reliable estimates that can
be published promptly and regularly. The present sample
meets these specifications for most industries. With its use,
the BLS is able to produce preliminary estimates each
month for many industries and for many geographic levels
within a few weeks after the reference period, and, at a
somewhat later date, statistics in considerably greater industrial detail.
Coverage
The BLS sample of establishment employment and
payrolls is the largest monthly sampling operation in the
field of social statistics. Table N shows the approximate
proportion of total employment in each industry division
covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly
employment data. The coverage for individual industries
within the division may vary from the proportions shown.
Reliability of the employment estimates
Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment sample assures a high degree of accuracy, the s
estimates derived from it may differ from the figures that
would be obtained if it were possible to take a complete

Table N. Approximate size and coverage of BLS employment
and payrolls sample, March 19851

Industry

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities . . .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .
Services . . .
Government:
Federal2State .
Local .

Number
of establishments
in sample

Employees
Number
reported

Percent of
total

243,000 38,173,000

40

3,600
374,000
22,500
858,000
52,000 10,654,000
11,500 2,409,000
22,300 1,042,000
42,400 3,319,000

40
20
55
47
18
20

17,100
48,500

2,091,000
5,267,000

36
24

5,100
3,800
14,200

2,839,000
3,087,000
6,233,000

100
79
63

1
Since a few establishments do not report payroll and hours
information, hours and earnings estimates may be based on a slightly
smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
National estimates of Federal employment by agency are provided to
BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates
for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal
employment, are based on a sample of 5,100 reports covering about 64
percent of employment in Federal establishments.

census using the same schedules and procedures. As
discussed under the previous section, a "link relative''
technique is used to estimate employment. This requires
the use of the previous month's estimate as the base in
computing the current month's estimate. Thus, small
sampling and response errors may accumulate over
several months. To remove this accumulated error, the
estimates are usually adjusted annually to new benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and
response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts the
estimates for changes in the industrial classification of
individual establishments (resulting from changes in
their product which are not reflected in the levels of
estimates until the data are adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed industry levels,
particularly within manufacturing, changes in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments.
Another cause of differences arises from improvements
in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O presents
the average percent revisions of the five most recent
benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed
descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are
available from the Bureau upon request.
The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating
cells are not subject to benchmark revisions, although
the broader groupings may be affected slightly by
changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings
estimates, however, are subject to sampling errors,
which may be expressed as relative errors of che
estimates. (A relative error is a standard error expressed
as a percent of the estimate.) Relative errors for major
industries are presented in table O and for individual industries with the specified number of employees in table
P. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours and
earnings estimates from the sample would differ by a




smaller percentage than the relative error from the
averages that would have been obtained from a complete census.
One measure of the reliability of the employment
estimates for individual industries is the root-meansquare error (RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in estimates:
RMSE =

V(Standard Deviation)2

+ (Bias)2

If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that
an estimate from the sample would differ from its
benchmark by less than the root-mean-square error.
The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the difference
would be less than twice the root-mean-square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based
on the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences
between final estimates and benchmarks are presented
in table P.
For the two most recent months, estimates of employment, hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so
footnoted in the tables. These figures are based on less
than the total sample and are revised when all the
reports in the sample have been received. Table Q
presents root-mean-square errors of the amounts of
revisions that may be expected between the preliminary
and final levels of employment and preliminary and
final month-to-month changes. Revisions of
preliminary hours and earnings estimates are normally
not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1
cent for hourly earnings.
STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS

State and area employment, hours, and earnings data
Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment
estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)

Industry

Average
benchmark revision in
estimates
of employment1

Total
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Services
Government3
The average percent revision in employment for the 1981-85
benchmarks.
2
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
3
Estimates for government are based on a total count for Federal
Government provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a
sample of State and local government reports.

195

Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings
Rootmeansquare
error of
employment estimates1

Size of employment estimate

50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000

Relative error2
(in percent)

Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

3,900
5,600

2.2
1.3
1.1

14,000
15,000
26,000

.9
.8
.5

4.0
2.3
2.0
1.6
1.2
.9

2,100

1,000,000
2,000,000....

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan

areas. Definitions for all areas are published each year
in the issue of Employment and Earnings that contains
State and area annual averages (usually the May issue).
Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be obtained from the State
agencies listed on the inside back cover of each issue.
These statistics are based on the same establishment
reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates.
For employment, the sum of the State figures may differ
slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a
national basis, because some States have more recent
benchmarks than others and because of the effects of
differing industrial and geographic stratification.
For the States and the areas shown in the B and C sections of this periodical, all the annual average data for
the detailed industry statistics currently published by
each cooperating State agency are presented in a summary volume published annually by the BLS.

Table Q. Errors of preliminary iemployment estimates
Root-mean-squar error
0 f-

Root-mean-squar error
ofIndustrv

Industry

11

Monthly
level
Total
Total private

1

Goods-producing.
Mining
Oil and gas extraction1
Construction
General building contractors1

..

Manufacturing.

110,000

101,100

63,100

56,800

35,200

29,400

5,500
4,600

5,300
4,300

18,300
7,900

13,500
5,400

28,700

27,200

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products. . .
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay., and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic
steel products1 .
Fabricated metal products . . .
Machinery, except electrical. .
Electrical and electronic
equipment
Transportation equipment. . .
Motor vehicles and
equipment1
Instruments and related
products
Miscellaneous manufacturing.

22,100
3,800
3,000
2,300
6,100

20,200
3,200
2,400
2,100
5,900

5,000
4,600
8,700

4,900
3,900
7,800

6,200
13,200

6,400
11,800

10,000

10,200

2,200
2,000

2,100
2,000

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products . . .
Tobacco manufactures.
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile
products
Paper and allied products . . .
Printing and publishing

11,800
8,500
1,600
2,700

11,700
8,600
1,500
2,700

6,500
1,900
2,400

6,100
1,700
2,500

1
Data are based on differences from January 1981 through December
1985; all oner data reflect differences from January 1980 through December
1985.

196




IV4UU 11

j

Month-to-month
change

Monthly
level
Nondurable goods—Continued
Chemicals and allied products . .
Petroleum and coal products . .
Rubber and misc. plastics
products
Leather and leather products . . .

Month-to-month
change

2,500
1,700

2,400
1,600

2,300
2,800

2,200
2,600

98,200

94,000

14,700
18,400

14,200
17,800

5,200

4,800

8,500
5^600
5,000

7,800
5,100
4,500

Retail trade1
General merchandise stores1 ..
Food stores1
Automotive dealers and service
stations1
Eating and drinking places1 .

33,700
19.700
6,500

32,400
19,000
5,800

3,300
19,200

2,900
17,100

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance1
Insurance1 .
Real estate1 .

8,600
4,200
2,800
5,000

7,300
3,600
2,200
4,100

Services
Business services1
Health services1

32,200
12,900
10,500

27,900
10,800
10,200

Government
Federal
State1.
Local1

72,400
18,200
26,200
38,800

66,100
15,100
24,700
35,900

Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities . .
Transportation1
Communication and public
utilities1
Wholesale trade1 .
Durable goods1 . . .
Nondurable goods1

Productivity Data
(Tables C-9 through C-11)
COLLECTION

Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics from establishment data and from
estimates of compensation and gross national product
supplied by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the
Federal Reserve Board.
CONCEPTS

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural
establishments refer to hours paid for all employeesproduction workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried
workers.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final
goods and services produced in a given period. Indexes
of output per hour of all persons measure changes in the
volume of goods and services produced per paid hour of
labor input.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries
of employees plus employers' contributions for social
insurance and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplementary
payments for the self-employed, except for nonfinancial
corporations, in which there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per
hour adjusted to elimate the effect of changes in the
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).
Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost
required to produce one unit of output and are derived
by dividing compensation per hour by output per hour.
Unit nonlabor payments include profits, depreciation, interest, and indirect taxes per unit of output.

They are computed by subtracting compensation of all
persons from the current-dollar gross national product
and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor
costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor
payments except unit profits.
Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory
valuation adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the
current-dollar estimate of gross product by the
constant-dollar estimate, making the deflator, in effect,
a price index for gross product of the sector reported.
NOTES ON THE DATA

For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector, these indexes relate to the gross domestic product
less households and institutions, owner-occupied housing, and the statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial
corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic
product of nonfinancial corporate business.
Manufacturing output data are supplied by the
Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of
Commerce, and the Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly
measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics to annual estimates of output (gross product
originating) from the Bureau of Economic Analysis.
Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81,
BLS Bulletin 2178. Additional information may be obtained from the Office of Productivity and Technology
(202 523-9261).

State and Area Labor Force Data
(D table)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM

Labor force and unemployment estimates for States,
labor market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered
under Federal assistance programs are developed by
State employment security agencies under a FederalState cooperative program. The local unemployment
estimates which are derived from standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis of determining
eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal programs such as the Job Training Partnership Act and the
Public Works and Economic Development Act.
Annual average data for the States and areas shown
in table D are published in Employment and Earnings




(usually the May issue). For regions, States, selected
metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual average
data classified by selected demographic, social, and
economic characteristics are published in the BLS
bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and
Unemployment.
Labor force and unemployment estimates for counties, cities, and other small areas have been prepared
for administration of various Federal economic
assistance programs and may be ordered from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. The report
"Employment and Unemployment in States and Local
197

Areas" is published monthly through GPO and is
available on microfiche only on a subscription basis.
ESTIMATING METHODS
The civilian labor force and unemployment estimates
i n i l large States: New York, California, Illinois, Ohio,
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Texas, Massachusetts, North Carolina, and Florida; and two areas: Los
Angeles—Long Beach metropolitan area and New York
City, are sufficiently reliable to be used directly from
the CPS. For a description of the CPS concepts, see
*'Household Data," above.
Monthly labor force and unemployment estimates in
the remaining 39 States, the District of Columbia, and
253 labor market areas are prepared in several stages.
The civilian labor force is the $um of the employment
and unemployment levels, which are estimated in accordance with the BLS Manual for Developing Local Area
Unemployment Statistics.
1. Preliminary estimate—employment: The total
civilian employment estimate is based on data from the
survey of establishments which produces an estimate of
payroll employment. This place-of-work estimate must
be adjusted to refer to place of residence as used in the
CPS. Factors for adjusting from place of work to place
of residence have been developed for the several
categories of employment on the basis of employment
relationships which existed at the time of the 1970
decennial census. These factors are applied to the
payroll employment estimates fpr the current period to
obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which are
added estimates for employment not covered by unemployment insurance (UI).
2. Preliminary estimate—unemployment: In the current
month, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of
the estimates for each of three building block categories:
(1) Persons who were previously employed in industries
covered by State UI laws; (2) those previously employed
in industries not covered by these laws; and (3) those
who were entering the civilian labor force for the first
time or reentering after a period of separation. This is
referred to below as the UI- based estimate.
An estimate for those previously employed in covered
industries is derived from a count of current employment insurance claimants, plus estimates of claimants
whose benefits have been exhausted, those persons disqualified from receiving benefits for nonmonetary
reasons (because they quit, were discharged for cause,
etc., but would otherwise have been eligible), and person who either filed claims late or not at all.
The estimate of those previously employed in industries not covered by UI is derived by applying to the
employment estimate for each noncovered industry or
class of worker subgroup in the State, the ratio of
198




covered unemployment to covered employment
weighted by factors reflecting national historical relationships.
For the third category, new entrants and reentrants
into the labor force, a composite estimate is developed
from equations that relate the total entrants into the
labor force to the experienced unemployed and the experienced labor force. For each month, the estimate of
entrants into the labor force is a function of: (a) the
month of the year; (b) the level of the experienced
unemployed; (c) the level of the experienced labor force;
and (d) the proportion of the working age population
that is considered ''youth." The composite estimate of
total entrants is defined as:
U=
U=
E=
X=
A,B=

A(X + E) + BX, where
total entrant unemployment
total civilian employment
total experienced unemployment
synthetic factors incorporating
seasonal variation and an assumedrelationship between the proportion of
youths in the working population and the
historical relationship of entrants to the
experienced unemployed (B factor) or the
experienced labor force (A factor).

3. Correction factors for employment and unemployment are then applied at the State level of the Ul-based
estimates obtained above for each of the 39 States and
the District of Columbia. These correction factors are
based on the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based estimates
for the 6-month period ending in the current month
(e.g., a 6-month moving average).
4. Substate adjustment for additivity. Independent
estimates of employment and unemployment are
prepared for the State (obtained directly from the CPS
in the 11 large States or by the Ul-based method in the
remaining States), and labor market areas (LMA's)
within the State. The total of the geographic areas in
the LMA's exhausts the geographic boundaries of the
State. A proportional adjustment is applied to all
sub-state LMA estimates to ensure that the sub-state
estimates of employment and unemployment add to the
independent State totals. In California and New York,
which also have sub-state areas taken directly from the
CPS, the additivity adjustment for the reamining areas
is applied to the State total minus the direct CPS area.
5. Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year,
monthly estimates prepared by the State employment
security agencies using Ul-based estimating procedures
are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the annual
average CPS estimates for the 39 States and the District
of Columbia for which monthly CPS estimates are not

available. This adjustment is necessary because the
State-prepared estimates are not as reliable as the CPS
annual averages due to differences in the State UI laws,
the structural limitations of the Ul-based estimating
method, and errors in the UI data.
The benchmarked estimates are produced in three
stages. First, the monthly Ul-based estimates are adjusted by the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based annual
averages. Second, the difference between the ratio of

annual averages for two consecutive years is wedged into the monthly estimates in order to minimize the disturbance to the original series. Finally, the third-stage
estimates are forced into agreement with CPS annual
averages. In the 11 States which use CPS estimates
monthly, no benchmark correction is required, as the
average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates will
equal CPS annual averages.

Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's
labor force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and other measures of labor market activity
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events
as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing
of schools. Because these seasonal events follow a more
or less regular pattern each year, their influence on
statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the
statistics from month to month. These adjustments
make it easier to observe the cyclical and other
nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating
changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to
note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted
estimates have a broader margin of possible error than
the original data on which they are based, since they are
subject not only to sampling and other errors but are
also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for
selected labor force and establishment-based data are
published regularly in Employment and Earnings.
The seasonal adjustment program used for these
series is an adaptation of the standard ratio-to-moving
average method. It provides for "moving" adjustment
factors to take account of changing seasonal patterns. A
detailed description of the method is given in The X-ll
Variant of the Census Method II Seasonal Adjustment
Program, Technical Paper No. 15, Bureau of the Census (1967).
Beginning in January 1980, BLS introduced two major modifications in the seasonal adjustment
methodology for data from the household survey. First,
the data are being seasonally adjusted with a procedure
called X-ll ARIMA, which was developed at Statistics
Canada as an extension of the existing standard X-ll
method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method,
by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No.
12-564E, February 1980. The X-ll procedure was
originally developed at the Bureau of the Census and




had been used by the BLS to seasonally adjust labor
force series since 1973. Test have shown that use of the
X-ll ARIMA procedure, which places more emphasis on
recent data, provides better seasonal adjustments than
does the X-ll month alone.
The second change is that seasonal adjustment factors
are calculated for use during the first 6 months of the
year rather than for the entire year. In July of each year,
BLS calculates and publishes in Employment and Earnings a set of seasonal adjustment factors for use in the
second half, based on the experience through June.
Revisions of historical data for the most recent 5 years
are made at the beginning of each calendar year.
However, as a result of the revisions to the estimates for
1970-81 based on 1980 census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982 were
carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as
well as the major employment and unemployment
estimates, are computed by aggregating independently
adjusted series. For example, for each of the three major labor force components-agricultural employment,
nonagricultural employment, and unemployment-data
for four sex-age groups (men and women under and
over 20 years of age) are separately adjusted for
seasonal variation and are then added to derive
seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted civilian employment components,
plus the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for
seasonality), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the
sum of the four unemployment components; and the
overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the
estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of various series, components will
not necessarily add to totals.
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor
force series based on the experience through December,
new seasonal adjustment factors to LV used to calculate
199

the civilian unemployment rate for the first 6 months
of the following year, and a description of the current seasonal adjustment methodology are published
in each January issue of Employment and Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the
revision period for a broader range of labor force
series are published in the February issue of this publication.
Beginning in July 1980 the BLS also uses the X-ll
ARIMA methodology in seasonally adjusting the
establishment data, which previously had been computed using the BLS Seasonal Factor Method. All series
are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative models
under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors used
in calculating the current year's estimates are based on
actual data through March 1986 and projected data
through March 1987. The ARIMA model options for
projecting the data series for 1 year ahead have been
used in seasonally adjusting the establishment series
since June 1981.
Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to
the component levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for
most of these series are then obtained by taking a
weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data for the
component series. Seasonally adjusted average weekly
earnings are the product of seasonally adjusted average
hourly earnings and seasonally adjusted average weekly
hours.
Average weekly earnings in constant dollars,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by dividing average
weekly earnings, seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally
adjusted Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage
Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), and multiplying
by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally
adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsuper-

200




visory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the
1977 base. For total private, total goods-producing,
total private service-producing, wholesale trade, retail
trade, manufacturing, and durable and nondurable
goods industries, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the
1977 base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a
number of series characterized* by small seasonal components relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular
components. These failed or unsatisfactory seasonally
adjusted series are used in the aggregation to broader
level seasonally adjusted series, however.
Beginning in June 1983, seasonal adjustment factors
for Federal Government employment are derived from
unadjusted data which include Christmas temporary
workers employed by the Postal Service. In earlier years
the number of these workers was substantial, and at
times varied greatly from year to year, based on administrative decisions of the Postal Service. Hence, it
was considered desirable to exclude this group from the
unadjusted data upon which the seasonal adjustment factors were based. In the past several years, the number of
these workers has decreased to the point where their
presence has no impact on seasonal adjustment. Temporary census takers for the 1980 decennial census are
removed prior to the calculation of seasonal adjustment
factors for Federal Government employment.
The revised seasonally adjusted series for the
establishment data reflect experience through March
1986. Seasonal adjustment factors to be used for current
adjustment appear in the June 1986 issue of Employment and Earnings.

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
REGION I - BOSTON
John Fitzgerald Kennedy Federal Building
Suite 1603
Boston, Mass. 02203

REGION V - CHICAGO
9th Floor
230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, 111. 60604

REGION II - NEW YORK
Suite 3400
1515 Broadway
New York, N.Y. 10036

REGION VI - DALLAS
Room 221
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, Tex. 75202

REGION III - PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, Pa. 19101

REGIONS VII and VIII - KANSAS CITY
15th Floor
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, Mo. 64106

REGION IV - ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street, NE.
Atlanta, Ga. 30367

REGIONS IX and X - SAN FRANCISCO
450 Golden Gate Avenue
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102

COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES

Current Employment Statistics Program (CES), and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program
(LA US)
BLS
Region
IV
X
IX
VI
IX
VIII
I
III
III

ALABAMA
ALASKA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
DIST. OF COL.

IV FLORIDA
IV
IX
X
V
V
VII
VII
IV
VI
I
III
I
V
V
IV
VII
VIII
VII
IX
I
II
VI
II
IV
VIII
V
VI

GEORGIA
HAWAII
IDAHO
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA

X OREGON
III PENNSYLVANIA
II PUERTO RICO
I
IV
VIII
IV
VI
VIII
I
III
II
X
III

RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VERMONT
VIRGINIA
VIRGIN ISLANDS
WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA

V WISCONSIN
VIII WYOMING




-Research and Statistics Div., Depart, of Industrial Relations, Industrial Relations Building, Room 427, Montgomery 36130
-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 25501, Juneau 99802
-Department of Economic Security, 733-A, P.O. Box 6123, Phoenix 85005
-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, State Capitol Mall, P.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 72203
-Employment Data and Research Div., Employment Development Depart., P.O. Box 1679, Sacramento 95808.
-Division of Employment and Training, 1330 Fox Street, Denver 80204
-Employment Security Division, Labor Department, 200 Folly Brook Boulevard, Wethersfield 06109
-Department of Labor, University Plaza Office Complex, P.O. Box 9029, Newark 19711
-Division of Labor Market Information, Research and Analysis, Department of Employment Services,
500 C Street N.W., Room 411, Washington 20001
-Bureau of Research and Information, Depart, of Labor and Employment Security, 2574 Seagate Drive,
Tallahassee 32301
-Department of Labor, 254 Washington Street, S.W., Atlanta 30334
-Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, 830 Punchbowl Street, Room 304, Honolulu 96813
-Department of Employment, P.O. Box 35, Boise 83735
-Bureau of Employment Security, 910 South Michigan Avenue, 12th Floor, Chicago 60605
-Employment Security Division, 10 North Senate Avenue, Indianapolis 46204
-Department of Job Service, 1000 East Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
-Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka Avenue, Topeka 66603
-Department for Employment Services, Cabinet for Human Resources, 275 E. Main Street, Frankfort 40621
-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 44094, Capitol Station, Baton Rouge 70804
-Division of Research and Analysis, Department of Labor, 20 Union Street, Augusta 04330
-Research and Analysis Division, Department of Human Resources, 1100 North Eutaw Street, Baltimore 21201
-Division of Employment Security, Charles F. Hurley Building, Government Center, Boston 02114
-Research and Statistics Division, Employment Security Commission, 7310 Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
-Department of Jobs and Training, 390 North Robert Street, St. Paul 55101
-Labor Market Information Department, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 1699, Jackson 39215-1699
-Division of Employment Security, P.O. Box 59, Jefferson City 65104
-Department of Labor and Industry, P.O. Box 1728, Helena 59601
-Division of Employment, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln 68509
-Employment Security Department, 500 East Third Street, Carson City 89713
-Department of Employment Security, 32 South Main Street, Concord 03301
-Division of Planning and Research, Department of Labor, P O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625
-Employment Services Division, Employment Security Department, P.O. Box 1928, Albuquerque 87103
-Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor, State Campus, Building 12, Albany 12240
-Labor Market Information Division, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 25903, Raleigh 27611
-Job Service, P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58502
-Labor Market Information Division, Bureau of Employment Services, P.O. Box 1618, Columbus 43216
-Research and Planning Division, Employment Security Commission, 310 Will Rogers Memorial Office Building,
Oklahoma City 73105
-Employment Division, Department of Human Resources, 875 Union Street N.E., Salem 97311
-Research and Statistics Division, Department of Labor and Industry, 7th and Forster Streets, Harrisburg 17121
-Department of Labor and Human Resources, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 505 Munoz Rivera Ave., 17th Fl.,
Hato Rey 00918 (CES). Bureau of Employment Security, 505 Munoz Rivera Ave., 15th Fl., Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
-Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason Street, Providence 02903
-Employment Security Commission, P. O. Box 995, Columbia 29202
-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 1730, Aberdeen 57401
-Department of Employment Security, Cordell Hull Office Building, Room 519, Nashville 37219
-Employment Commission, 15th and Congress Avenue, Austin 78778
-Department of Employment Security, P.O. Box 11249, Salt Lake City 84147
-Department of Employment and Training, P.O. Box 488, Montpelier 05602
-Division of Research and Analysis, Employment Commission, P.O. Box 1358, Richmond 23211
-Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 818, St. Thomas 00801
-Employment Security Department, 212 Maple Park, Olympia 98504
-Division of Labor and Economic Security, Depart, of Employment Security, 112 California Avenue,
Charleston 25305
-Department of Industry, Labor, and Human Relations, P.O. Box 7944, Madison 53707
-Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 2760, Casper 82602