Full text of Employment and Earnings : February 1957
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Employment and Earnings F E B R U A R Y 1957 DIVISION OF Vol. 3 No. 8 M AN PO W ER Seym our AND EMPLOYMENT L. W o lf b e in , STATISTICS C h ief CONTENTS 1956 - A 1956-A RECORD YEAR. . . This issue a r t i c le features a sp ecia l reviewing developments in 1956. In a d dition , tables contain ing n ational employment, hours and earnings se rie s include p relim i nary 1956 annual averages. These data are comparable with those fo r e a r lie r June 1956 years published in the Employment and Earnings Annual Supplement Issue. Page R ecord E m p lo y m e n t Y ear iii T ren d s Summary................................................................ .................................. ............ Table 1 î Employees in n onagricultural establishm ents, by industry d iv is io n and selected groups............................. Table 2 : Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group................................................... ........................ Table 3: Hours and gross earnings o f production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group........................... Table 4 : Gross average weekly hours and average overtime hours o f production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group............................................................................ Table 5: Index o f employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry d iv is io n ................................................................ Table 6 : Index o f production workers in manufacturing, by major industry g r o u p .......... ................................................ .. Table 7 : Employees in nonagricultural establishm ents, by industry d iv is io n , season ally adjusted........................... Table 8 : Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group, season ally adju sted................................. v ii v iii ix x xi x ii x ii x iii x iii C hart Indexes o f Production-Worker Employment and Weekly Payroll Manufacturing In d u s tr ie s ......................................................................... NEW AREA SERIES. . . Nonagricultural employment and manufacturing fo r hours and Peoria, 111., are earnings shown fo r the f i r s t time. For sale by the Superintendent o f Documents, U. S. Government Print ing O ffic e , Washington 25 , D. C. S u bscription p r ic e : $3.50 a year; $1 ad d ition a l fo r foreign m ailing. Single copies vary in p r ic e . This issue is 3 5 cents. A -E m p lo y m e n t a n d x iv P a y r o lls Table A -l : Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry d iv is io n ................................................................ Table A-2: A ll employees and production workers in nonagri cu ltu ral establishm ents, by industry......................... Table A -3 ï Indexes o f producuion-worker employment and weekly pa yrolls in manufacturing............................................... Table A-4: Employees in Government and private shipyards, by reg ion ................................................................................ Table A-5: Government c iv i lia n employment and Federal m ilita ry personnel.............................................................. Table A- 6 : Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry d iv is io n and S tate........................................... Table A -7 î Employees in nonagricultural establishments fo r selected areas, by industry d iv is io n ......................... Table A-S: Women employees in manufacturing in d u s t r ie s ........... 1 2 7 8 9 10 13 23 B -L a b o r T u rn o v e r Table B -l: Monthly labor turnover rates in manufacturing, by cla ss o f turnover................................................................ Table B-2: Monthly labor turnover rates in selected in d u strie s.............................................................................. Table B-3: Monthly la bor turnover rates o f men and women in selected manufacturing industry groups..................... Continued next page 27 28 31 Employment and Earnings CONTENTS - Con tinued Page C-Hours and Earnings Table C -l : Hours and gross earnings o f production workers or nonsupervisory employees.................................................... Table C -2: Gross average weekly earnings o f production workers in selected in d u stries, in current and 1947-49 d o lla r s ...................................................................................... Table C-3: Average weekly earnings, gross and net spendable, o f production workers in manufacturing, in current and 1947-*+9 d o lla r s .............................................................. Table C -4 î Average hourly earnings, gross and excluding overtime, and average weekly hours o f production workers in manufacturing.................................................... Table C-5: Indexes o f aggregate weekly man-hours in in d u stria l and construction a c t i v it y .................................................. Table C-6 : Hours and gross earnings o f production workers in manufacturing in du stries fo r selected States and areas.................................................................................. 32 41 41 42 43 45 Note: Data fo r December 1956 are prelim inary.] EXPLANATORY NOTES INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................... ..... 1-E ESTABLISHMENT REPORTS: C o lle c tio n .................................................................................................. ..... 1-E In du stria l C la s s ific a t io n ......................................................................... 1-E Coverage............................................................................................................ 1-E DEFINITIONS AND ESTIMATING METHODS: Employment.................................................................................................. ..... 2-E Labor Turnover.......................................................................................... ..... 3-E Hours and Earnings.................................................................................. ..... 4-E STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS................................................................... 5-E SUMMARY CF METHODS FOR COMPUTING NATIONAL STATISTICS........................ 6-E GLOSSARY.................................................................................................................. 7-E ********** REGIONAL OFFICES AND COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES...........Inside back cover ********** The national employment fig u res shown in th is report f i r s t quarter have been adjusted to 1955 benchmark le v e ls . 1956 - A RECORD YEAR J e a n e tte G . Average employment in 1956 was the highest ever for contract construction, wholesale and retail trade, finance, services, and go ve r n ment. Employment in the mining division, on the d o w n g r a d e for seve ra l years, s h o we d a slight upturn for the first time since 1951, with increases in all groups except anthracite mining. (Both domestic consumption and over- In terms of employment, hourly earnings, and payrolls, 1956 was a boom year. Nonfarm employment averaged 51.5 million, 1.5 million over 1955, with an alltime high of 53 million workers employed in December. Average hourly earnings reached $2 for all factory workers during the latter part of the year, pushing payrolls to record levels. Earnings in some Nonagricultural employment by industry division A n n u a l a v e r a g e 1947 , 1 9 55, 1 9 5 6 (I n t h o u s a n d s ) Employees Industry S ie g e l* Net change 1956^ 1955 1947 T o t a l . ....................... .......... 51,490 49,950 43,462 1, 5 4 0 8, 0 2 8 M i n i n g ................................. C o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t i o n . ........... M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................... D u r a b l e g o o d s . . .................. N o n d u r a b l e g o o d s . ............... T r a n s p o r t a t i o n and public u t i l i t i e s .......................... T r a d e .................................. W h o l e s a l e .......................... R e t a i 1 . . . . . .... . .. .. • .•«• •• .. Finance, insurance, and real 795 3, 0 3 7 16,893 9, 7 9 1 7, 10 2 770 2, 7 8 0 16,557 9,536 7,021 943 1, 9 8 2 15,290 8, 3 7 2 6, 9 1 8 25 257 336 255 81 148 1, 0 5 5 1,603 1,419 184 4, 1 45 11,144 2, 9 7 4 8, 170 4,056 10,803 2,858 7, 9 4 5 4, 1 2 2 9, 1 9 6 2,410 6, 7 8 5 89 341 116 225 23 1, 9 4 8 564 1, 3 8 5 2, 3 0 0 6,000 7, 1 7 6 2,214 4, 9 6 2 2,215 5,854 6,915 2, 1 8 8 4, 7 2 7 1, 6 7 2 4,783 5,474 1, 8 9 2 3, 5 8 2 85 146 261 26 235 628 1,217 1, 7 0 2 332 1, 3 8 0 S e r v i c e a n d m i s c e l l a n e o u s ....... G o v e r n m e n t ........................... State U a n d l o c a l .................. 1955-56 1947-56 Preliminary. of the lower paying industries were boosted following legislation increasing the hourly minimum wage to $1; the number o f employees engaged in activities not directly associated with production, p ar ti c u l a r l y resea r ch and development, expanded rapidly; and employment in service-producing rather than goods-producing industries continued to climb. seas exports are on the rise.) Manufacturing e mp lo ym en t was h i g he r than for any p ostwar y ea r e x c e p t 1953, the peak y e a r of K o r e a induced activity. * Of the Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics. iii Of every 5 persons added to payrolls in 1956, only 2 were employed in the goods-producing segments of the nonfarm economy— mining, contract construction, and manufacturing. The other three worked in trade, government, and other service industries. This pattern con tinues a long-term trend which was temporarily interrupted d u ri ng 1955 wh e n equal n um b er s were hired for both goods and services. In 1956, the large increases in the industries not p r o d u c i n g goo ds w er e in r e t a il trade, particularly food and liquor stores and eating and drinking places, and in State and local government. Since 1947, although nonfarm employment has in cr e a s e d 8 million, o nl y 2.5 m i l l i o n workers have been added in the goods-producing industries. Indexes of Production-Worker and Developments in M a n u f a c t u r i n g W i t h i n the manufa ct ur in g sector, threeiourths of the increase in e m p l o y m e n t over 1955 was in durable goods, 255,000. The bulk o f this rise was in the m a c h i n e r y groups, both electr ic a l (86,000) and n o n e l e ct ri ca l (131,000), reflecting increased fixed capital investment in metalworking machinery including machine tools and accessories; in general in dustrial machinery; in telephone and telegraph equipment; in motors and generators; and in switchgear, switchboard apparatus, and i n dustrial controls such as electronic inspec tion and gauging apparatus. If it were not for the steel strike in July, average 1956 e mp lo ym en t in blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills w ou ldhave been about 30,000 h i g h e r than the 1955 average. The largest Nonproduction-Worker Employment DURABLE A N D N O N D U R A B L E G O O D S MAN U F A C T U R I N G I N D E X (1 9 4 7-4 9 = 100) united states department of iabor BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS A N N U A L A V E R A G E 1947-56 ( 1 9 4 7 -4 9 = 100) I N D E X Preliminary p atterns were evid e nt in other industries, p a r t i c u l a r l y rubber, aircraft, and pri ma ry metals. single increase in any industry, however, was in ai r craft and parts, up 66, 00 0 employees over 1955, with production workers increasing only 28,000 while an additional 3 8,000 n o n production workers were added. The aircraft industry, a l t h o u g h t hi rd in the am ou n t of money spent on basic research, is first in the p ro po rt io n of s ci en ti st s and en gineers and supporting personnel engaged in research and development. This development in these industries has mainly been engendered by the tremendous in crease in the number of employees engaged in r es ea rc h and d e v e l o p m e n t a ctivities. The number of p r o d u c t i o n workers in nondurable industries is actually less than the level 10 years ago, while nonproduction workers have increased substantially. (See chart.) (It is interesting to note, in this connection, that the Federal Reserve Board index of indus trial production for nondurable goods indus tries has increased approximately 30 percent over this period.) Continued growth in nonproduction-worker e mp lo ym en t - Over the past 10 years, m a n u f a c t u r i n g e m p l o y m e n t ha s incre as ed by 1.6 million workers. T h r e e - f o u r t h s of this i n crease, or 1.2 million, has been caused by the addition of employees not directly asso ciated with production. The percent that pro duction workers comprise of total employment has d e c l i n e d a l m o s t w i t h o u t i n t e r r u p t i o n during this period. Several industry groups have been responsible for this. In chemicals, for example, nonproduction workers have in creased more than tenfold since 1947 as com pared with production w o r k e r s — a 66-percent increase in nonproduction workers against 6 percent; in petroleum, 46 p ercent compared with a decrease of 6 percent, and in food, 3 7 percent against a drop of 8 percent. Similar Change in type of m a n u f a c t u r i n g Change Industry During 1956, this long-term difference in the pr od u c t i o n w o r k e r - n o n p r o d u c t i o n worker trends, which had virtually disappeared for all manufacturing between 1954 and 1955, was resumed, with almost two nonproduction workers hired for every p r o d u c t i o n worker. The 2percent increase in manufacturing employment over 1955 was the result of less than a 1p e r c e n t i n c r e a s e in p r o d u c t i o n w o rkers, 121.000, coupled with a 6-percent increase, or 215.000, in nonproduction workers. employees, Change 1955-56 Pro All duction employees workers 1954-56 Non production workers 1954-55 Non Pro All duction production employees workers workers M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....... D u r a b l e ............ N o n d u r a b l e ........ 336 255 81 Absso l ut e c h a n g e j (i n t h o u s l a n d s ) 562 464 215 121 414 354 163 92 110 148 52 29 M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....... D u r a b l e ............ N o n d u r a b l e ........ 2.0 2.7 1.2 0.9 1. 2 .5 Percent 6. 1 8.2 3.5 v change 3. 5 4.5 2. 2 3.7 4. 9 2.0 98 60 38 2. 9 3. 1 2.6 Manufacturing Earnings and Payrolls The demand for factory labor during 1956 was reflected not so much in increased em ployment as in higher earnings and payrolls. Although there was only a 1 -percent increase in p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s o v e r 1955, p a y r o l l s rose more than 5 percent despite a small drop in hours worked. In comparison with 1947-49, payrolls were 61 percent higher, production workers only 6.5 percent higher. The slight increase in production workers coupled with a drop in weekly hours resulted in little change in manufacturing man-hours. Aver a ge we e k l y hours w or ke d or p aid for in 1956 were up in only 4 industry groups — ord nance, n o n e l ec t ri ca l machinery, electrical machinery, and petroleum and coal products. While hours dropped, hourly earnings in creased for all industry groups. E ar nings averaged $1.98, 10 cents an h our ov e r last year, reaching a high of $2.05 in December. Weekly earnings averaged $80.19 in 1956, $3.67 over 1955. For the first time, in March 1956, a manufacturing i n d u s t r y w i d e average passed the $100-mark— in petroleum and coal products. By the end of the year, weekly earnings had passed $100 in 3 industry gr oups— petroleum, primary metals, and transportation equipment. Weekly earnings were higher than 1955 in all industry groups except rubber, where fewer hours worked caused the drop. In nondurable goods, the g r e a t e s t i nc re as e was $7.63 in petroleum; in durable goods, ordnance showed the largest gain, $8.10 over last year. Out side o f the drop in rubber, transportation equipment was low, with an increase of only $1. 27 wh ic h was due to fewer h o u r s worked (lower hours in automobiles were not compensa ted for by increases in other transportation industries). C h a n g e in 1 9 5 6 h o u r s a n d e a r n i n g s a v e r a g e s over 1955 for m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r y groups Average hourly earnings Change Higher by O - 4 cents 5 - 9 cents 10 - 14 c e n t s 15 c e n t s and over Number of industry groups Average weekly hours C h an g e Average weekly earnings Number of industry groups Change 0 Higher 4 10 Equal 2 2.00-3.99 7 10 Lower 15 4. 0 0 - 5 . 99 7 6.00 2 1 Higher by 0-$1.99 Lower Total 21 Average change 10 c e n t s Number of industry groups 21- 0 . 2 hrs. and over 4 1 21 $3. 6 7 Employment Trends JANUARY 1957 NONFARM E M PLO YM EN T 1 M ILLION HIGHER THAN LAST YE A R N onfarm em p loym ent continued stron g in January with 5 1 .3 m illion w o rk e rs on e sta b lis h m ent p a y r o lls . This w as 1 m illion m o r e than a y ea r ago and set a r e c o r d fo r the m onth. P o s t C h ristm as d eclin es in trade and the p osta l s e r v ic e , and m id -w in ter redu ction s in con s tru ctio n , m anu factu ring, and s e r v ic e em p loym en t cut back job le v e ls by 1 . 8 m illio n ov e r the m onth— about n orm al fo r this tim e o f y e a r . A verage h ourly earn ings in m anufacturing at $ 2 .0 5 , rem ain ed unchanged fr o m D e c e m b e r 's r e c o r d high. A som ewhat g rea ter than sea son a l d eclin e of fo u r -fifth s of an hour in the fa c to r y w orkw eek cut w eekly earn ings by $ 1. 64 ov e r the month. A verage w eekly earn ings in m anu factu r ing, at $ 8 2 .4 1 , w ere about $4 above a year ago. E M PLO YM EN T DROPS SEASONALLY IN NONM ANUFAC TURING The usual la rg e January d eclin es in em p loy m ent w ere rep o rte d by m ost m a jo r nonm anufac turing in d u stries. D eclin es in trade and tra n s portation em ploym ent w ere som ew hat le s s than average fo r recen t y e a r s . Job le v e ls continued at r e c o r d highs for the month in tra d e, con tra ct co n stru ction , State and lo c a l g overn m en ts, s e r v ic e s , and fin an ce. F A C TO R Y JOB T O T A L DOWN The em ploym ent d eclin e of 194,000 in manu factu rin g was sligh tly m o re than sea son a l. At 16.9 m illio n , the job le v e l w as 9 3 ,0 0 0 higher than a y ea r ago and the secon d highest January since W orld War II. The usual la rg e sea son al d eclin es w ere r e p orted by the food p r o ce s s in g and lu m b er indus t r ie s . A drop in ap parel em ploym ent w as c o n s id e r ably g rea ter than is usual fo r this tim e o f the y ea r. G re a te r-th a n -se a s o n a l d eclin es o c c u r r e d in the e le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery industry as a resu lt o f jo b cutbacks in rad io and TV plants. L a rg er than usual em ploym ent cuts w ere a lso r e p o rte d in the fu rn itu re, s t o n e -c la y -g la s s , and fa b rica te d m etals in d u stries. Other changes in em ploym ent w ere m ainly sea son al. WORKWEEK DECLINES BY FOUR FIFTH S OF AN HOUR The w orkw eek o f fa c to r y produ ction w ork e r s fe ll by fo u r -fifth s h ou rs, fr o m 41. 0 hours in D ecem ber to 4 0 .2 hours in January, la rg e ly beca u se o f red u ced o v ertim e w ork . E very indus try re p o rte d redu ction s in both ov ertim e and average w eekly h ou rs. G rea ter than usual cutbacks in the w orkw eek w ere rep orted in fu rn itu re, fa b rica te d m eta ls, tran sp ortation equipm ent, te x tile s , ap parel, and petroleu m . The January w orkw eek w as 0. 5 hours below a y ea r ago, with m ost industry groups reportin g sh orter h ours of w ork . L on ger w orkw eeks w ere rep o rte d by ordn a n ce, fa b rica te d m e ta ls ; tran s p ortation equipm ent, to b a c co , and ru b ber. O vertim e w ork declin ed by 0. 5 hours to 2. 6 h ours in January. REDUCED WORKWEEK LOWERS AVERAGE W EEKLY PAY Owing to the w id esp rea d red u ction in h ou rs, average w eekly earn ings o f fa c to r y production w o rk e r s d eclin ed $ 1 .6 4 to $8 2.41 in January. E v ery industry group ex cep t ordnance and leath er re p o rte d som e lo s s e s in w eek ly pay ov er the month. O ver the y e a r , h ow ev er, e v e ry industry group rep orted higher w eekly earn in g s. E s p e cia lly la rg e o v e r -t h e -y e a r in c r e a s e s w ere r e c o r d e d in ordnance ( $ 9 . 99) and tra n sp oi iation equipm ent ( $ 9 .0 3 ). Gains ex ceed in g the average fo r all m anufacturing w ere a lso r e p o rte d in to b a cco ($ 5 .1 5 ) , fa b rica ted m etals ($ 4 .9 2 ), rubber ( $ 4 .6 0 ), and e le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery ($ 4 .2 8 ) . A v era ge h ourly earnings rem ain ed unchanged betw een D ecem b er and January at $ 2 .0 5 . O ver the y ea r average h ourly earn ings in m an u factu rin g r o s e by 12 cen ts. ï ü T a b l e 1. E m p l o y e e s in n o n a g r i c u l t u r a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , b y i n d u s t r y division a n d s e l e c t e d g r o u p s (In thousands) Industry division and group Jan. TOTAL.... ............................ MINING................................ Metal mining......................... Bituminous-coal..............*•*..... Nonmetallic mining and quarrying...... 1957 1/ .-5.1,227 .. 801 109-3 233.6 106.1 Dec. 1956 1/ 52.1^ . 811 109.1 233.4 110.7 Nov. 1956 Jan. 1956 50.284 .. 811 110.0 232.0 113.3 777 105.7 222.9 104.8 CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION.................. 2,754 2,998 3,191 2,588 MANUFACTURING.... ..................... 16,935 17,129 17,151 16,842 10,031 133.4 10,024 131.5 672.7 378.5 DURABLE GOODS......................... Ordnance and accessories.............. Lumber and wood products (except furniture)....................... . Furniture and fixtures........ ....... Stone, clay, and glass products..... Primary metal industries............. . Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment).......................... Machinery (except electrical)......... . Electrical machinery................. Transportation equipment.............. , Instruments and related products...... . Miscellaneous manufacturing industries,., NONDURABLE GOODS....................... Food and kindred products............. . Tobacco manufactures................. Textile-mill products.................. Apparel and other finished textile products............................ Paper and allied products............. . Printing, publishing, and allied industries.......................... . Chemicals and allied products......... Products of petroleum and coal........ , Rubber products...................... Leather and leather products.......... . TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES-----TRANSPORTATION....... ................ . COMMUNICATION......................... . OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES................. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE.............. WHOLESALE TRADE........................ RETAIL TRADE........ ...... ........... General merchandise stores............ Food and liquor stores................ Automotive and accessories dealers..... Apparel and accessories stores........ Other retail trade................... FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE..... SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS............... GOVERNMENT.............. .............. FEDERAL............................... STATE AND LOCAL....................... 1/ Preliminary. xm 9,944 132.0 642.6 371.3 549.6 1,361.7 1,133.7 1,758.0 1 ,21+2.0 1,927.7 347.0 478.5 January 1957 net change from: Year ago Current ' Previous month Year ago -1,837 +jL.013 + + - + - 703.6 380.3 556.7 1,345.6 - 1,355-4 702.3 378.1 572.5 1,350.2 1,143.5 1,752.4 1 ,258.2 1,929.3 346.1 494.3 1,143-5 1,736.1* 1 ,268.7 1,881.5 346.3 512.9 1,134.5 1 ,689.1 1,162.5 1,891.3 330.8 485.8 + _ + + - _ 6,991 1,490.8 98.4 1 ,023.0 7,098 1,542.2 1,033.6 1,039.6 110.2 103.6 1 ,082.7 1,195.4 573.6 1,224.0 576.3 1,222.4 57^.2 1 ,234.8 - 872.5 835.3 253.0 279-1 369.4 878.I 838.8 871.1 837.0 254.1 257.8 366.7 836.4 _ + + 105.8 253.4 277.5 368.2 4,124 4,169 2,715 2,761 596 558.7 824.3 249.1 288.9 385.8 4,083 2,719 595 4,170 2,761 8l4 595 11,182 12,091 11,496 10,920 3,034 3,070 8,148 1,410.1 1,609.5 9,021 813 813 781 583 - 16.2 1.6 .9 15.8 . + 9.0 7.1 16.1 .8 + + 68.9 79.5 36.4 + 16.2 - 7.3 _ + 107 51.4 7.4 10.6 - 40 24.2 5.2 59.7 _ 2.7 + 39.4 14.9 5.6 + 3.5 + .4 + 1.6 1.2 - 36ol 11.0 28.6 + + + 3.9 9-8 16.4 4l 4 32 13 + 262 + 109 + 153 + 13.1 + 63.7 - 16.4 2.2 + 95-3 2,925 7,995 1,397.0 571.8 3,664.5 36 873 570.8 41.0 6.5 - 141.7 - 112.4 2,238 - 11 + 59 60 + 109 364 339 25 + + + 259 39 2,297 2,308 2,313 5,912 5,972 6,010 5,803 - 7,292 7,656 7,342 7,033 - 2,201 2,156 5,141 9.8 5.6 61.0 - 909 3 , 872.2 5,122 6.3 + 0 1 3,759.8 2,534 - 17.2 - + 799.1 2,195 5,097 30.1 7.2 45 46 1,980.9 1 , 650.5 805.6 711.3 93 87 + 133 1.4 + .9 _ - 3,047 8,449 1,604.2 1 ,622.1 79^.6 620.4 3,807.3 569.6 + 24 3.6 10.7 1.3 - 194 _ 7,031 1,466.6 4.6 + + + + 166 131.1 7,127 1,593.9 »2 .2 - 244 9,811 566.8 10 1,545.8 815.5 4,877 - - - 220 T a b le 2. P ro d u ctio n w o rkers in m a n u fa c tu r in g , b y m a jo r in d u s try g ro u p (In thousands) Year ago Current Major industry group Jan. MANUFACTURING........................................................... DUR AB LE G O O D S ........................................................... Lumber and wood products (except Furniture and fixtures................ Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transportation 1957 1/ Ho t . Jan. 1956 1956 1957 13 ,U 7 13,316 13,353 13,260 -199 -143 7,709 7,798 7,802 7,751 - 89 - 42 81.6 82.8 81.8 87.1 575.4 604.0 317.8 473-2 634.2 317.6 478.9 634.7 321.7 310.6 457.4 1,137.3 - 1.2 - 28.6 - 7.2 - 15.8 + .8 1 , 136.5 1 , 132.0 467.5 1,141.0 910.1 1 , 285.5 901*. 3 911-3 1,272.9 918.3 1,402.0 237.3 415.3 912.5 1,261.3 853.7 1,448.7 230.4 392.4 + 9.6 4.8 13.1 - 5-5 - 59.3 - 1 1 .1 - 10 .1 - 3.7 - 12.0 Machinery (except electrical).......... 900.5 1,290.3 Instruments and related products....... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries... 1,446.8 235.2 382.3 1,449.4 5,408 5,518 5,551 5,509 -110 -101 1 , 030.1 89.4 1 , 082.4 96.6 1,131.1 1 , 021.8 932.2 943.2 948.9 94.9 990.9 - 52.3 - 7.2 - 11.0 + 8.3 - 5.5 - 58.7 1 , 062.1 465.8 1 , 089.5 1,087.9 467.4 1 ,104.8 457.6 - 27.4 - 2.7 - 42.7 + 8.2 561.3 547.7 173.1 567.6 552.0 173.8 217.0 216.3 329.1 328.4 563.8 550.3 174.8 198.9 326.9 538.2 556.2 170.5 229.5 345.0 - 6.3 - 4.3 .7 + .7 + .7 + + - 891.2 NONDUR ABL E G O O D S .................................................... Food and kindred products.............. Tobacco manufactures.................. Apparel and other finished textile products............................. Printing, publishing, and allied Chemicals and allied products.... ; .... Products of petroleum and coal......... Rubber products....................... Leather and leather products........... l/ Dec. 1956 1/ January net change from: Previous Year month ago 236.2 397.7 468.5 100.8 - - 2.6 - 1.0 - 15.4 + 29.0 + 37.5 - 1.9 + 4.8 - 10 .1 23.1 8.5 2.6 12.5 15.9 Preliminary. 416890 0 - 57 - 2 ÎX T a b le 3. Hours an d gross e a r n in g s o f p ro d u c tio n w o rkers in m a n u fa c tu r in g , b y m a jo r in d u stry g r o u p Average weekly earnings Major industry group 1957 _ 1956 Jan. Dec. 1/ 1/ MANUFACTURING................... 182.41 Average weekly hours 1956 1957 Jan. Jan. Dec. y y Average hourly earnings 1956 1957 Jan. Jan. 1/ Dec. y Jan. $84.05 $78.55 40.2 41.0 40.7 $2.05 $2.05 $1.93 89.38 91.34 84.87 41.0 41.9 41.2 2.18 2.18 2.06 Ordnance and accessories.... 97.55 Lumber and wood products (except furniture)......... 67.25 Furniture and fixtures...... 68.06 Stone, clay, and glass products.................. 81.81 Primary metal industries.... 100.78 Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transportation equip ment ).................... 87.95 Machinery (except electrical). 94.92 Electrical machinery........ 83.22 Transportation equipment.... 100.38 Instruments and related products.................. 82.40 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries................. 72.94 96.93 87.56 42.6 42.7 41.3 2.29 2.27 2.12 69.60 71.62 66.73 67.32 39.1 39.8 40.0 41.4 40.2 40.8 1.72 1.71 1.74 1.73 1.66 I.65 82.61 101.19 78.12 97.63 40.5 40.8 41.1 41.3 40.9 41.9 2.02 2.47 2.01 2.45 1.91 2.33 90.52 96.28 84.46 105.46 83.03 92.66 78.94 91.35 41.1 42.0 40.4 42.0 42.1 42.6 41.2 43.4 40.9 42.7 40.9 40.6 2.14 2.26 2.06 2.39 2.15 2.26 2.05 2.43 2.03 2.17 1.93 2.25 84.67 79-97 40.0 41.1 40.8 2.06 2.06 1.96 73.21 69.66 40.3 40.9 40.5 1.81 1.79 1.72 72.54 74.03 69.83 39.0 39.8 39-9 1.86 1.86 1.75 Food and kindred products.... 78.38 Tobacco manufactures........ 58.11 Textile-mill products....... 58.65 Apparel and other finished textile products........... 52.90 Paper and allied products.... 84.38 Printing, publishing, and allied industries.......... 93.70 Chemicals and allied products. 88.58 Products of petroleum and coal...................... 103.17 Rubber products............. 92.51 Leather and leather products.. 57.75 78.72 58.76 60.30 76.36 52.96 57-37 40.4 39.0 39.1 41.0 39.7 40.2 41.5 38.1 40.4 1.94 1.49 1.50 1.92 1.48 1.50 1.84 1.39 1.42 53.72 85.57 50.37 81.46 35.5 42.4 36.3 43.0 36.5 43.1 1.49 1.99 1.48 1.99 1.38 I.89 95.80 89.02 91.72 84.87 38.4 41.2 39.1 41.6 38.7 41.4 2.44 2.15 2.45 2.14 2.37 2.05 105.78 92.96 57.30 99-95 87.91 56.55 40.3 41.3 37.5 41.0 41.5 37.7 41.3 40.7 39.0 2.56 2.24 1.54 2.58 2.24 1.52 2.42 2.16 1.45 DURABLE GOODS.................. NONDURABLE GOODS...... ........ 1/ Preliminary. T a b le 4. G ross a v e r a g e w e e k ly hours a n d a v e r a g e o v e rtim e hours of p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs in m a n u fa c tu rin g , b y m a jo r in d u s try g ro u p Average overtin» .hours 1957 1 / December Gross average weekly hours 1956 1/ Average over time hours MANUFACTURING.......................... 1*0.2 2.6 kl.O 3-1 1*0.5 3-0 1*0.5 2.8 DURABLE QOODS........ ................ 1*1.0 2.9 1*1.9 3-1* 1+1.2 3-3 1*1.1 3.1 - - 1*2.7 3.1* 1*2.0 3-1 1*1.8 2.9 - - - - 1*0.0 k l.k k l.l k l.3 3.0 3.3 3.0 1*0.0 1*0.6 k l.l 1*0.6 2-9 2.1 3.6 2.6 1*0.8 1*1.1 1*1.0 2.8 3.3 3.5 2.9 !*•5 2-3 2.8 1*1.2 1*2.2 1*0.8 1*1.0 1+0.8 1*0.1* 3.1 3.7 2.6 2.9 2.3 2.6 2-7 39-6 2.5 1*1.1 38.8 3.3 1.1 2.6 1*2.8 36.3 1.2 k.6 3-2 2.3 Major industry group Lumber and wood products (except furni ture).......................... Primary metal industries.............. Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transpor tation equipment).................... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries.. NONDURABLE GOODS...................... Food and kindred products............. Tobacco manufactures.................. Textile-mill products................. Apparel and other finished textile products.............. ............. Paper and allied products............ . Printing, publishing, and allied industries...................... .. ... Chemicals and allied products......... Products of petroleum and coal........ Rubber products...................... Leather and leather products.......... 2.1 Novemb«ir 1956 Gross Average average over weekly time hours hours Januaryr 1956 Gross Average average over weekly time hours hours January Gross average weekly hours - - k 2 .1 k 2 .6 1+1.2 1*3 .1* k l.l 1*0.9 2.9 1*1 .1* Ul. 8 1*1.0 1*2.2 1*0.8 1*0.3 39.0 3-6 3-7 2.8 k.6 2 .1* 1*0.3 2.2 39-8 2.6 39-6 _ - - - 1*1.0 3.2 1.5 2.1 1*1-3 3-7 - 39-7 1*0.2 38.8 1*0.2 1.1 2.9 - - 36.3 1*3-0 1.2 k .6 36.1 1*2.8 1**7 ■ ~ 3.1* 38.6 1*1 .1* 3-2 38.8 2.2 1*1.3 1*1.1 1*0.2 37.6 39.1 1*1.6 1*1.0 1*1.5 37.7 2.2 1.7 3-2 1.3 1*0.9 1*0.5 36.9 1.3 1-9 2.8 1.2 39.6 3-3 3.6 2.8 2.0 2.8 1 .1* XJ P r e l i m i n a r y . xi T a b le 5 . In d e x of e m p lo yee s in n o n a g r ic u lfu r a l establishm ents, b y in d u s try d iv is io n (1947-49=100) Year ago Current Industry division January 1957 ll TOTAL..................................................................... Transportation and public u t i l i t i e s................................ Wholesale and retail t r a d e ............. Finance, insurance, and real e s t a t e . .. Service and m i s c e l l a n e o u s ....... ....... December 1956 ll November January 1956 1956 117.3 121.5 120.0 115.0 81*. 5 130.8 113 A 85.5 85.5 82.0 11*2 . 1* Ilk.J 151.6 122.9 1U . 9 112.8 101.3 118.8 102 . k 128.5 100.3 133.1 133.7 120.8 128.8 122.1 102 . 1* 122.2 131*. 0 122.8 135.3 129.7 116 .1 129.7 118.6 121*. 3 ll Preliminary. T a b l e 6. I n d e x of production w o r k e r s in manufacturing, b y m a j o r industry group, (1947-49=100) Year ago Current Major industry group Jan u ary 1957 if D e ce m be r ll 1956 N o ve m b e r Jan u ary 1956 1956 MANUFACTURING..................................................... 106.0 107.7 108.0 107.2 DURABLE GOODS................................................ 115.5 116.8 116.9 116 .1 Ordnance and accessories................ Lumber and wood products (except fur n i t u r e )............................... 361.8 366.2 361.8 383.8 81.8 85.9 107.7 86.0 109.0 107.6 110.8 77.9 105.3 105.1 110.5 Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and trans portation equi p m e n t ) ................... Electrical m a c h i n e r y .................... Transportation e q uipment ............. . Instruments and related products...... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries . 115.7 113.5 139.1 11*1.5 12 1.1 100.5 107.7 108.7 110.5 116.8 101*. 7 122.2 109.2 118.6 103.2 96.9 97.5 96.7 95.6 95.6 77.7 86.3 10l*.5 106.1 87.0 91.1* Tobacco manufa c t u r e s.................... 81*.2 76.3 91.8 77.2 Products of petroleum and c o a l ........ Rubber p r o d u c t s .......................... Leather and leather p r o d u c t s ........... 1/Preliminary. x ii 117.2 11*3 .k 137.1 121.6 95.0 Paper and allied produ c t s .............. Printing, publishing, and allied 116.9 112.0 110.9 133 A 11*1.7 113.1 11*1.2 11*1.7 NONDURABLE GOODS.......................................... Apparel and other finished textile 110 .1 110.0 89.9 81.1 102.0 10k.7 116.3 117.1 116.6 111*. 3 116.7 107 .k 93.0 118.2 108.2 117.3 106.5 91.0 106.1 111.9 108.9 91.9 93.5 107.8 91*. 1 90.7 97.7 90.1* 112.9 95 A S e a s o n a lly A d j u s t e d D a t a T a b l e 7. E m p l o y e e s in nonagricultural establishments, b y industry division, s e a s o n a l l y adjusted Index (1947-49=100) Number (In thousands) Industry division J anuary 1957 1/ December 1956 1/ N ovember J anuary 1956 1950 January 1957 11 TOTAL.............................. ng. i 229.0 118.8 116.8 5 2 , 1 12 84.5 Contract c o n s t r u c t i o n ................. 145-4 Transp or t a t i o n and public utilities.. 8 5. 1 146.5 114. 2 1 02. 2 HQ. 4 134-7 I23.4 1 28. 3 82.0 136. 6 114. 1 102. 8 1 2 0 .6 85. 1 146. 1 114.4 101.8 119.5 80 1 3, 060 17,033 4 , 186 1 1 , 348 2, 32O 6, 064 Finance, insurance, and real estate.. 134-4 123-9 1 2Ç. 0 134-4 123.9 12Q. 6 113-5 101.8 227. 8 131-0 121. 6 124.4 December November 1956 1/ 1956 J anuary 1956 52,071 51, 950 51,080 807 807 3,083 2, 876 3 >° 75 17, 079 4 , 1 45 1 1 , 248 2, 320 6, 063 7, 334 7 , 3 00 17, 043 4 , 159 1 1 , 230 2,325 6,040 7 , 263 777 16,944 4,145 1 1 , 083 2, 2 6 1 5,952 7 , 042 l / Preliminary. Table 8. P r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in m a n u f a c t u r i n g , b y m a j o r industry group, s e a s o n a l l y a d j u s t e d Number (In thousands) Index (1947-49=100) M aj o r industry group J anuary 1957 1] M ANU FA C TU R IN G ...................................................................... DURABLE GOODS................. December November J anuary 1956 _1J 1956 1956 December November 1956 1/ 1956 13*356 7 , 759 7 , 752 7, 770 82 83 82 87 608 306 469 616 312 625 672 31 0 473 474 317 480 1, 1 31 1, 131 1, 1 3 2 1 > 135 892 1, 27 7 882 901 2, 280 886 904 1,249 846 i ,447 234 1,449 234 902 1, 286 904 1, 4 0 2 236 107.3 107. 1 108.0 13,207 13,266 115-7 1 16. 3 116.2 116. 4 7 , 7 20 361.8 366. 2 361. 8 383- 8 82. 4 1 03 . 6 107.8 109-9 8 3- 5 1 05 . 6 108.7 109.9 84.7 1 05. 0 1 09. 0 110.0 107-3 110.3 110.3 115.8 113. 1 1 41. 2 91.1 January 1956 244 1 06 . 8 Lumber and wood products (except Primary metal indust r i e s ............... Fabric a t e d metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transpor- January 1957 1/ 1 3, 141-5 120.6 115.7 112. 6 1 38. 4 141.7 120.6 137- 1 1 21. 6 116.0 1 09.9 132.1 141.7 1 18. 0 1 03. 2 103.7 1 05 . 0 105.8 392 394 399 402 NONDURABLE GOODS.............. 96.3 96.7 96.4 9 8. 1 5,487 5,507 5,492 5, 586 F o o d and k i ndred p r o d u c t s .............. 95 - 2 93.6 88.0 76.9 94 - 2 1, 127 1, 120 92 929 1, 108 1, 1 15 88.0 80. 7 87 75- 9 94.6 87 . 1 76. 0 1 00. 9 116.8 1 03. 1 116. 6 1 04. 0 115-3 1 05 . 1 114.8 1,051 468 1,074 467 116. 7 1 06 . 8 116.5 107. 6 94.6 104. 1 116. 1 107. 2 111.9 108. 4 561 560 558 538 545 549 547 553 94- 6 9 3- 5 177 96. 2 91.0 111.9 215 329 176 212 328 176 196 228 329 345 H a c h i n e r y (except e l e c trical).......... 114-5 112.3 137-7 M isc e l l a n e o u s manufacturing 82.3 Apparel and other finished textile Paper and allied p r o d u c t s .............. Printing, publishing, and allied Rubb e r p r o d u c t s .......................... 1 / P r e lim in a r y . 95- 2 105. 6 91.0 90.7 95- 4 927 1, 449 229 93 93 9 40 9 86 1,083 462 1,094 460 174 Historical Data Tab le A -l: Em ployees in n o n a g ric u ltu ra l establishm ents, b y industry division Year and month Annual average: 1919........... 1920........... 1921........... 1922........... 1923........... 192*........... 1925........... 1926........... 1927........... 1928........... 1929........... 1930........... 1931........... 1932........... 1933........... 193*........... 1935........... 1936....... ... 1937........... 1938........... 1939........... 19*0........... 19*1........... 19*2........... 19*3........... 19**.... .... 19*5........... 19*6........... 19*7........... 19*8........... TOTAL Mining 26,829 27,088 24,I25 1,230 25,569 28,128 1,124 1,021 8*8 1,012 953 1,185 1,229 1,321 l,**6 1,555 920 1,203 27,770 28,505 29,539 29,691 29,710 1,176 1,105 1 ,0*1 31,041 29,143 1,078 1,000 26,383 (In thousands) Transpor F inance, Service Contract Manufac tation and Wholesale insurance, and con and retail and real miscel turing pub 1ic st ruct ion trade est ate laneous utilities 1,092 1,080 864 1,608 1,606 ‘ 1,*97 1,372 1 ,21* 970 3,711 3,998 3,459 3,505 3,882 3,806 3,822 6,137 10,534 3,907 3,675 3,243 2,8o4 2,659 2,736 2,771 2,956 3,114 2,840 6,*01 6,06* 9,401 8,021 888 809 862 912 937 1,1*5 6,797 7,258 8,346 8,907 9,653 1,112 10,606 28,902 1,006 882 1,055 9,253 30,311 845 32,058 36,220 916 10,078 10,780 39,779 42,106 41,534 40,037 983 917 883 826 852 1,150 1,29* 1,790 2,170 1,567 1,09* 1,132 23,377 23,466 25,699 26,792 28,802 30,718 41,287 43,462 44,448 19*9........... 1950........... 1951........... 1952........... 1953........... 195*........... 1955........... 1956........... 43,315 44,738 47,347 48,303 722 735 87* 9*7 9*3 1,661 1,982 982 2,169 918 889 916 885 852 2,165 2,333 *,66* 10,534 10,534 8,132 8,986 10,155 9,523 9,786 9,997 9,839 9,786 3,824 3,940 3,891 *,623 *,75* 5,08* 5, *9* 5,626 5,810 6,033 6,165 5,531 *,907 *, 999 5,552 5,692 6,076 6,5*3 6,*53 1,050 1,110 1, 097 1,079 1,123 1,163 1 , 166 1,235 1,295 1,360 2,054 2,142 2,187 2,268 2,431 2,516 2,591 2,755 2,871 2,962 1,431 1,398 1,333 1,270 1,225 3,127 3,084 2,913 1,262 2,883 3,060 1,247 1,313 1,355 1,347 2,682 2,6l4 2,784 1,765 1,824 10,012 10,281 1,892 10,527 10,520 2,038 2,122 10,803 2,215 4,972 5,077 5,264 5,411 5,538 5,664 5,854 2,300 6 000 6,645 6,751 6,915 7,176 5,853 7,324 5,803 7,033 7,084 7,260 7,522 8,602 9,196 9,519 1,672 1,741 17,027 4,l6l 1 1 ,8*9 2,243 1956: January... February.. March.... April.... May..... 50,284 50,246 50,499 50,848 51,197 51,709 777 2,588 2,588 2,669 16,842 16,824 4,083 4,083 4,106 4,121 4,138 4,181 10,920 2,238 2,250 2,265 2,278 2,289 2,320 5,859 5,979 6,041 50,896 51,881 52,261 7*6 817 2,342 2,355 6,137 6,137 2,321 6,105 52,455 52,484 53,134 818 812 811 811 3,876 9,513 9,6*5 17,111 7,333 7,189 2,756 3,270 3,353 3,3*0 3,301 3,191 2,998 3,662 3,949 3,977 4,166 4,185 4,221 4,009 4,056 4,145 15,051 17,381 783 July.... August.... September. October... November.. December.. 3,149 3,264 3,225 3,167 3,298 3,477 3,995 4,202 4,660 5,483 51,996 786 812 3,066 3,321 3,477 3,705 3,857 3,919 3,934 4,011 4,474 4,783 4,925 1955: December.. 2,853 3 ,0*0 3,257 2,802 2,848 2,917 2,996 15,302 14,461 15,290 15,321 12,974 1,399 1,436 1,480 1,469 1,435 1,409 1,428 1,619 3,037 783 790 2,723 6,612 6,940 7, *16 2,780 780 2,611 2,912 3,013 3,248 3,433 3,619 3,798 3,872 4,023 4,122 4,141 49,950 51,490 2,593 2,542 3,749 777 770 795 49,681 48,431 2,671 2,603 2,531 3,233 3,196 14,178 14,967 16,104 16,334 17,238 15,995 16,557 16,893 2,603 2,63* 2,622 Govern ment 16,764 16,769 16,715 16,809 16,291 17,034 17,121 17,222 17,151 17,129 4,148 4,178 4,179 4,177 4,170 4,169 1 1 ,1 ** 10.819 10,931 10,928 10,985 11,091 11,015 11,0*7 11,164 11,288 11,*96 12,091 1,967 2,312 2,313 2,308 5,818 6,089 6,045 6,010 5,972 6,080 6,043 5,944 5,595 5,474 5,650 5,856 6,026 6,389 6,609 7,122 7,130 7,203 7,150 6,947 6,960 7,213 7,298 7,342 7,656 1_ Industry Employm ent T a b le A - 2 : A ll e m p lo y e e s a n d p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s in n o n a g r ic u lt u r a l esta b lis h m e n ts , b y in d u s try (In thousands) All employees Industry TOTAL..................................................................... MINING........................................................... Dec. 53,134 1956 HOT . 52,*8* Production workers 1956 Average 811 795 109.1 33.8 35.1 17.8 110.0 3*.6 35.2 17.9 106.9 32.9 34.4 17.3 ANTHRACITE..................... .... 34.3 33.0 BITUMINOUS-COAL..................... 233.4 CRUDE-PETROLEUM AND NATURAL-GAS PRODUCTION......................... 323.5 CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION.................................... N O N B U 1 L D 1 NG C O N S T R U C T I O N ................................... Highway and s t r e e t ....................... Other nonbuilding c o n s t r u c t i o n ........ 110.7 2,998 489 198.6 290.2 Ho t . 1956 Average 15.2 9*.2 30.* 29.9 15.2 91.0 28.* 29.3 1*.7 31.9 31.8 30.* 29.1 232.0 223.5 213.8 212.5 20*.1 323.0 320.9 129.5 129.3 130.9 9*«6 97.2 95.7 - - - - - - - - - P e troleum and natural-gas production (except contract s e r v i c e s ) ............ NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING..... 19*>6 51,490 811 METAL MINING........................ Dec. 113.3 3,191 551 237.6 313.7 11 1.7 3,037 522 227.9 294.5 93.5 29.7 29.8 2,509 2,6*0 2,515 - - - GENERAL CONTRACTORS.................. 1,024.8 1,093.3 1 ,043.4 - - - SPEC 1AL-TRADE CONTRACTORS....... . ....... 1,484.2 343.7 181.9 211.2 747.4 1,5*6.* 3*9.8 198.9 209.7 1 ,471.5 334.5 185.6 190.0 761.4 BUILDING C O N S T R U C T I O N .......................................... Plumbing and h e a t i n g .................... Painting and d e c o r a t i n g ................. Electrical w o r k .......................... Other special-trade c o n t r a c t o r s ....... MANUFACTURING.................................................... DURABLE G O O D S ............................................................. NONDURABLE G O O D S ........................... ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES................. FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS............... Meat p r o d u c t s ............................. Dairy p r o d u c t s ........................ Canning and p r e s e r v i n g . ................. Grain-mill p r o d u c t s ..................... Bakery p r o d u c t s ...... .................... Sug a r ...................................... Co n f e c t i o n e r y and related products.... B e v e r a g e s . ................................ M iscellaneous food p r o d u c t s ............ TOBACCO MANUFACTURES..................... C i g a r e t t e s ........... . Tobacco and s n u f f ........................ Tobacco stemming and r e d r y i n g ......... 2- 788.0 17,129 17,151 16,893 10,031 7,098 10,02* 7,127 9,791 7,102 • - - 13,316 13,353 13,174 7,798 5,518 7,802 7,630 5,544 5,551 133.4 131.5 130.6 82.8 81.8 83.1 1,542.2 1,593.9 352.7 110.2 230.0 117.3 29*.8 *6.2 1 ,577.8 1,082.* 279.1 1,131.1 277.5 70.0 160.7 82.9 195.8 1 ,117 .1 266.3 74.4 209.8 85.1 172.8 27.0 65.0 352.9 108.5 194.6 117.4 293.4 42.3 85.9 211.7 135.5 105.8 34.3 35.0 6.8 29.7 87.1 218.0 137.6 110.2 3*. 6 35.2 6.8 33.6 340.1 113.6 243.7 119.7 291.6 32.6 79-5 216.9 140.1 100.9 34.2 35-0 7.0 24.7 173.* 36.8 71.2 116.9 91.* 96.6 30.8 33.2 5.7 26.9 71.2 82.5 175.* *0.2 72.3 122.7 93.5 100.8 30.9 33.5 5.7 30.7 120.8 95.9 92.0 30.8 33.3 5.9 22.0 Industry Employment T a b le A - 2 : A ll e m p lo y e e s a n d p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s in n o n a g r ic u lt u r a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts , b y in d u s tr y - C o n tin u e d Industry TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS.................. (In thousands) All employees 1956 Sec. Sot. 1,033.6 1,039.6 6.2 6.2 119.8 Narrow fabrics and smallwares.......... Knitting mills........................ Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings.... Hats (except cloth and millinery....... Miscellaneous textile goods............ APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS.............................. Men's and boys’suits and coats........ Men's and boys' furnishings and work clothing............................. Women's, children's under garments...... 1*7.8 28.9 219.4 84.6 50.7 12.1 64.1 PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES............................ 26*2 203.1 75.0 *3.3 11.0 53.2 305.7 365.3 131.4 311.3 273.9 334.3 115.1 280.0 323.6 286.6 321.0 112.6 18.2 16.0 362.1 126.5 18.2 70.6 11.7 61.4 128.5 133.9 70.0 13.3 62.7 135.9 672.7 81.4 356.5 702.3 95.1 368.7 724.0 123.7 126.8 56.6 54.4 57.3 110.5 16.1 62.8 9.8 54.2 112.8 116.8 14.0 62.3 10.0 56.1 115.2 109.7 16.0 63.1 8.7 55.1 108.0 604.0 74.6 326.2 634.2 88.3 338.8 65*. 9 89.9 352.1 132.8 55.5 57.1 102.6 105.8 50.2 50.4 50.2 51.1 110.9 51.2 96.8 381.8 50.8 378.5 378.1 317.8 225.3 316.* 260.8 376.0 259-6 317.6 260.3 226.0 225.2 48.1 48.1 48.0 38.9 38.9 38.9 41.4 40.3 39.9 31.2 30.1 30.2 28.8 28.9 28.5 22.4 22.6 22.1 468.5 237.6 467.4 235-4 125.1 105.8 105.0 *63.7 235.2 123.2 105.3 576.3 574.2 568.4 287.7 285.0 283.8 151.2 153.8 134.8 155.5 133.7 878.1 871.1 319.3 68.0 55.3 227.3 64.5 19.9 324.1 229.2 64.0 18.6 47.6 69.9 5.8 113.3 *29.3 300.1 376.3 129.4 55.7 416890 0-57-3 422.4 26.0 203.9 74.3 42.2 10.5 53.1 960.2 1 ,080.8 69.0 Miscellaneous publishing and printing 110.9 Av erage 1,087.9 109.9 54.5 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS............... Pulp, paper, and paperboards mills..... Paperboard containers and boxes........ 948.9 5.6 1 ,089.5 60.0 Partitions, shelving, lockers, and fixtures...... '..................... Screens, blinds, and miscellaneous 51.4 12.5 63.3 No t . 1,212.1 121.8 Miscellaneous apparel and accessories.... Other fabricated textile products...... FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.................. Household furniture................... Office, public-building, and professional 29.7 222.8 86.0 Dec. 943.2 5.7 110.5 421.2 25.4 199.2 74.1 42.4 10.8 53-9 1,222.4 122.1 70.5 12.8 Sawmills and planing mills............. Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated 224.1 84.9 50.5 12.0 63.3 456.2 Production workers 1956 1956 1,224.0 122.8 Children’ s outerwear.................. LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURNITURE)............................ 119.9 449.1 29.6 1956 Average 1,050.7 6.3 122.5 133.4 854.3 315.1 65.9 54.1 222.5 567.6 563.8 551.3 162.7 28.9 160.0 29.0 156.6 47.1 46.5 35.4 185.5 49.0 13.2 38.6 69.7 68.3 54.3 63.1 18.8 127.0 34.8 184.1 4q .2 28.5 33.8 180.8 38.2 *7.6 13.5 37.5 54.3 53.0 14 .2 Industry Employment T a b le A -2*. A ll e m p lo y e e s a n d p r o d u c tio n w o rk e rs in n o n a g r ic u lt u r a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts , b y in d u s tr y - C o n tin u e d (In t h o u s a n d s ) All employees Industry Dec. CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS......... Industrial inorganic c h e m i c a l s ............ Industrial organic c h e m i c a l s .............. Drugs and m e d i c i n e s ......................... Soap, cleaning and polishing preparat i o n s ................................ Paints, pigments, and fil l e r s ............. Gum and wood c h e m i c a l s ...................... F e r t i l i z e r s . ................................. Vegetable and animal oils and f a t s ....... Miscellaneous c h e m i c a l s .................... PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.......... Coke, other p etroleum and coal products.. RUBBER PRODUCTS........................ Rubber f o o t w e a r .............................. Leather: tanned, curried, and finished... Industrial leather belting and p a c k i n g . .. Boot and shoe cut stock and f i n d i n g s ..... Footwear (except r u b b e r ).................. L u g g a g e ....................................... Handbags and small leather g o o d s ........ . Gloves and miscellaneous leather goods... STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS......... Glass and glassware, pressed or blown.... Glass products made of purchased glass... Pottery and related p r o d u c t s .............. Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products... Cut-stone and stone p r o d u c t s .............. Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES................ Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling m i l l s ......................................... Iron and steel f ound r i e s ................... Primary smelting and refining of Secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous m e t a l s .......................... Rolling, drawing, and alloying of M iscellaneous primary metal industries... * Vor. Production workers 1956 Average Dee. 838.8 109.9 318.7 96.6 837.0 IO9.6 317.5 96.5 834.5 109.6 317.1 94.7 552.0 75.* 215.3 49.4 74.9 *9.7 75.1 8.6 33.2 *3.* 103.* 49.9 75.0 8.4 36.9 29.7 8.6 34.4 42.5 103.8 41.1 101.8 56.3 46.7 7.2 25.4 30.0 66.0 1956 Ho t . 1956 Average 550.3 75.6 213.5 56.5 555.2 75.9 217.6 55.9 29.9 *6.7 7.2 2*.2 30.7 29.9 *7.0 7.1 28.0 28.7 66.0 65.I 17*.8 173.0 131.7 *1.3 253.4 202.2 51.2 25*. 1 202.2 51.9 253.2 201.8 51.4 173.8 132.6 41.2 132.9 *1.9 277.5 U8.6 22.7 257.8 101.0 23.1 133.7 275.9 118.4 24.0 216.3 89.8 198.9 7*. 8 216.2 133.5 108.1 18.7 105.* 106.0 366.7 **.2 *.7 17.5 235.0 15.1 374.2 328.4 39.8 3.6 136.2 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS............ 1956 368.2 44.3 4.7 17.6 238.5 15.1 30.1 17.9 566.8 34.6 98.I 19.1 43.2 31.6 18.6 44.4 4.8 17.7 242.6 15.6 30.9 18.2 572.5 35.0 99.* 569.2 34.3 97.0 19.0 18.2 55.0 116.3 20.4 55.3 43.4 86.4 54.6 119.0 118.7 96.9 83.2 *3.* Qk.6 20.6 18.4 15.8 214.4 12.7 26.4 15.7 326.9 39.5 3.5 15.7 211.0 12.9 27.8 90.5 19.7 33*. 3 39.8 3.7 15.8 218.3 13.* 27.3 16.5 16.0 473.2 31.1 *78.9 31.* *76.5 83.1 16.1 36.4 Qk.6 16 .O 36.6 73-6 48.3 94.0 7*.9 *8.8 96.* 30.6 81.9 15.* 36.5 76.9 *8.2 96.8 18.0 18.0 72.8 72.2 72.2 1,309.6 1,136.5 1 ,132.0 1,095.7 666.* 235.5 633.1 237.8 567.4 567.1 535.5 206.9 205.5 207.6 73.1 72.5 69.4 59.0 58.5 56.1 13.8 13.6 13.6 10.4 10.1 10.2 116.6 116 .* 80.7 165.1 117.8 77-7 91.7 91.* 67.1 67.0 132.* 93.2 6*.2 128.9 20.6 17.8 96.2 96.0 1,355.4 1,350.2 667.6 237.2 80.7 166.4 160.2 134.0 Industry Employment T a b le A - 2 : A ll e m p lo y e e s a n d p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs in n o n a g r ic u lt u r a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts , b y in d u s tr y - C o n tin u e d (In thousands) All employees Industry 1956 Production workers 1956 1956 Average Dee. Ho t . 1956 Average 1,143.5 53.6 153.0 1,143-5 53.4 I5I.7 1,116.4 57.8 149.3 910.1 46.5 123.8 911.3 *6.3 122.7 888.3 50.5 120.5 113.4 321.2 252.2 50.8 63.4 135.9 116.7 320.6 251.2 50.2 63.I 136.6 121.2 305.8 238.4 47.8 60.5 135.6 86.2 240.4 210.1 41.0 52.7 109.4 89.2 2*0.6 209.7 *0.3 52.3 110.2 93.8 229.1 196.8 38.3 50.0 109.3 1,752.4 86.4 139-9 156.7 296.5 1,736.4 86.2 133.7 157.2 293-7 1,723.6 80.3 144.9 155.3 289.3 1,285.5 62.6 99-7 113.0 227.7 1,272.9 62.3 9*.5 113.7 225.5 1,273.0 58.5 10*.5 113.5 222.* 194.6 275.9 134.6 187.5 280.3 194.3 275.1 133.4 184.3 278.5 192.8 266.4 126.9 193.3 274.4 137.3 185.0 100.9 141.1 218.2 137.3 18*.* 100.1 138.3 216.8 137.1 179.5 95.7 1*7.3 21*. 5 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY...................... 1,258.2 1,268.7 1,211.5 904.3 918.3 877.5 Electrical equipment for vehicles...... 431.1 52.9 25.2 78.5 32-5 585.1 52.9 429.7 52.9 24.8 76.9 32.5 598.5 53.4 413.9 52.0 24.0 73.7 30.6 565.0 52.3 304.2 41.4 19.8 63.7 28.4 407.8 39.0 30*.2 *1.5 19.7 62.2 28.5 *22.8 39.* 29*. 3 *1.3 19.1 59.0 27.1 397.8 38.9 1,929.3 853.9 867.2 550.1 179.4 18.6 119.1 138.7 116.5 22.2 60.8 8.7 1,881.5 825.0 856.6 544.2 176.3 18.1 118.0 132.8 111.6 21.2 56.6 10.5 1,795.1 791.3 804.1 512.0 165.2 16.1 110.8 129.6 106.5 23.1 60.2 9.9 1,449.4 698.9 577-9 365.8 114.6 12.5 85.0 119.4 100.3 19.1 46.1 7.1 1, *02.0 669.I 568.6 360.3 111.9 12.1 8*.3 113.6 95.5 18.1 *2.0 8.7 1,330.3 633.2 532.7 338.2 10*.2 10.8 79.5 110.9 90.9 20.0 *5.3 8.2 346.1 346.3 338.5 236.2 237.3 232.8 71.5 71.2 66.7 41.5 *1.5 38.8 87.2 14.1 87.4 14.0 85.1 13.9 60.7 10.5 6l.* 10.5 59.6 10.6 44.0 27.9 66.8 34.6 43.7 27.8 67.0 35.2 42.8 28.2 66.4 35.4 30.6 22.0 42.8 28.1 30.5 21.9 *2.8 28.7 29.8 22.3 *2.9 28.8 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORD NANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)............................... Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware...... Heating apparatus (except electric) and plumbers' supplies................... Fabricated structural metal products..... Metal stamping, coating, and engraving... Lighting fixtures..................... Fabricated wire products............... Miscellaneous fabricated metal products.. MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)............ Engines and turbines.................. Agricultural machinery and tractors.... Construction and mining machinery...... Special-industry machinery (except metalworking machinery)............... General industrial machinery........... Office and store machines and devices.... Service-industry and household machines.. Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus.. Electrical appliances................. TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.................. Aircraft and parts.................... Aircraft engines and parts............ Aircraft propellers and parts......... Other aircraft parts and equipment.... Ship and boat building and repairing.... Shipbuilding and repairing............ Boatbuilding and repairing............ INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS......... Laboratory, scientific, and engineering Mechanical measuring and controlling Optical instruments and lenses......... Surgical, medical, and dental Watches and clocks.................... Dec. Ho t . 5 Industry Fmploymont T a b le A - 2 : A ll e m p lo y « « * a n d p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r * in n o n a g r ic u ltu r a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts , b y in d u s try - C o n tin u e d Industry MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES... Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware.... Toys and sporting g o ods.... .............. Pens, pencils, other office supplies.... Costume jewelry, buttons, n o t i o n s ....... O ther m a n u f a c turing indust r i e s ........... TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES....... TR ANS P ORT ATI ON..................... * ............................ Trucking and w a r e h o u s i n g ........... . Air t r ansportation (common carrier)..... COMMUNI CATI ON...................................................... OTHER P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S .................................... Gas and electric u t i l i t i e s ......... . Electric light and power u t i l i t i e s ...... Electric light and gas utilities Local utilities, not elsewhere (In thousands) All employees 1956 1956 Average Nov. Dec. *9*. 3 53.1 19.9 85-7 32.0 61.2 89.6 152.8 512.9 53.4 19.9 98.0 32.6 62.7 90.6 155.7 496.3 52.0 19.1 93.5 31.7 62.4 86.0 151.6 2,761 1,167.3 1 ,017.8 106.5 2,761 1,175.2 1 ,027.8 2,745 1 ,190.0 1,042.8 - _ 106.6 109.1 _ _ _ _ 50.6 69.0 121.6 - 797.6 647.7 44.0 - - - - 128.6 - - - 813 770.4 42.1 814 770.7 42.4 805 761.8 _ - - - - 42.7 - - - 595 571.9 252.9 146.0 _ - _ _ - _ - 146.9 595 572.8 252.5 146.9 _ 173.4 173.4 173.0 22.4 22.6 22.9 - - - - - - 595 572.8 252.5 1 ,798.6 114.1 1,777.4 114.2 1,738.7 114.9 315.9 311.2 304.1 469.1 467.8 458.5 899.5 1 , 271.8 884.2 1 , 269.6 9,021 1 , 980.9 1 ,295.8 685.1 1 ,650.5 1 ,173.9 227.2 249.4 805.6 711.3 3,872.2 403.5 378.6 16.2 78.5 23.7 826.5 653,0 43.6 I34.6 WHOLESALE T R A D E ............................... 6 401.1 41.5 659.5 43-3 135.8 828.1 2,974 Grocery, meat, and vegetable markets.... Dairy-product stores and dealers....... Other food and liquor stores........... 19 5 6 Average _ _ _ _ - 3,047 Other general merchandise stores........ 49.4 71.9 121.9 - 3,070 General merc h a ndise s t o r e s ................. Department stores and general mail-order 16.8 71.6 23.8 415.3 42.3 16.9 82.9 ' 24.4 50.4 72.9 125.5 - 11,144 R E T A I L TR A D E ................................... 397.7 42.3 Nov. 4,145 11,496 Groceries, food specialties, beer, wines, and l i q u o r s........................ Electrical goods, machinery, hardware, and p lumbing e q u i p m e n t ................... Other full-service and limited-function w h o l e s a l e r s .............................. 1956 4,170 12,091 full-service and limited- Dec. *,169 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE................... Wholesalers, Production workers _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ . 1,235.3 - - - 8,449 1,604.2 8,170 1,451.8 - _ _ 1,057.5 546.7 1 ,622.1 1,152.3 941.2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - 228.8 241.0 794.6 620.4 3,807.3 392.0 352.2 861.2 510.6 1,578.6 1,110.5 232.0 236.1 800.3 587.6 3,751.4 386.8 341.7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - Payroll Indexes T a b le A - 2 ! A ll e m p lo y e e s a n d p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs in n o n a g r ic u ltu r a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts , b y in d u s try - C o n tin u e d _________________________________(In thousands) ___ All employees Industry Banks and trust companies.......... Security dealers and exchanges........ Insurance carriers and agents....... Other finance agencies and real estate.. SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS................. Hotels and lodging places............. Personal services: Laundries......... .................. Cleaning and dyeing plants............ Motion pictures...................... Production workers 1956 1956 1956 Nov. Average Dec. 2,308 591.9 83.6 833.3 799.5 2,313 59O.I 83.5 831.4 807.9 2,300 579.7 82.7 823.I 814.3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - 5,972 *62.1 6,010 471.5 6,000 498.O - - - 333.6 165.4 224.1 _ - _ _ _ _ - - - - Dec. FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE........... 1956 330.0 164.6 211.5 331.7 165.1 216.6 Nov. Average GOVERNMENT....................................................... 7,656 7,342 7,176 - F E D E R A L .................................. S T A T E AND L O C A L .......................... 2,534 5,122 2,201 5,141 2,214 4,962 _ _ _ - - - Ta ble A - 3 2 and Year I 939. . . . 1940----1941___ 1942----I 943. . . . I 944___ I 945. . . . 1946___ I 947. . . . 1948. . . . 1949. . . . 1950. . . . 1951 . . . . 1 9 5 2 .... 1953. . . . 1 9 5 4 .... 1955 . . . . 1956 . . . . I n d e x e s of p r o d u c t i o n - w o r k e r e m p l o y m e n t w e e k l y payrolls in m a n u f a c t u r i n g Production-worker employment Production-worker Year and Number Index payroll index (in thousands) (1947-49 =100) (1947-49 = 100) month 8,192 8,811 10,877 12,854 15,014 14,607 12,864 12,105 12,795 12,715 11,597 12,317 13,155 13,144 13,833 12,589 13,053 13,174 66.2 71.2 87.9 103.9 121.4 118 .1 104.0 97.9 103.4 102.8 29.9 34.0 49.3 13,451 IO8.7 163.7 IO7.2 IO6.8 IO6 . I IO6 .O IO5.4 IO5.7 159.1 157.7 157.9 101.2 151.0 72.2 1956 99.0 Ja n .. . . Feb__ Mar. . . . A p r . ... May.. . . June... 13,260 13,212 13,125 13,114 13,036 13,078 J u ly ... A u g ----Sept... Oct.... Nov . . . . Dec. . . . 12,514 13,245 13,335 13,439 13,353 13,316 102.8 87.8 81.2 97.7 105.1 97.2 111.7 93.8 99.6 106.4 106.3 129.8 136.6 105.5 IO6.5 151.4 137.7 152.5 161.3 111.8 101.8 1955 D ec.. . . Production-woi'ker employment Production-worker Number Index payroll index (in thousands) .(1947-49 = 100) (1947-49 = 100 ) IO7 . I 158.2 157.3 158.2 161.4 107.8 165.8 108.7 IO8 .O IO7.7 168.7 167.7 170.9 7 Shipyards T ab le A - 4 : E m p lo y e e s in G o v e rn m e n t a n d p r iv a t e s h ip y a rd s , b y re g io n (In thousands) 1956 Region y December ALL REGIONS............................................. November Average 217.0 212.1 208.2 Y A R D S ......................................................................................... 116.5 111.6 106.5 Y A R D S ................................................................................................ 100.5 100.5 101.7 NORTH ATLANTIC............................................................................. 91.4 hj.O 44.4 90.4 87.0 1^6 .1 44.3 42.5 44. 5 36.9 17.1 36.2 16.3 P R IV A T E NAVY 1956 SOUTH ATLANTIC............................................................................. GULF: 31.6 17.9 19.7 19.8 25.4 24.4 19.9 23.O PACIFIC........................................................................................... 51.8 50.8 51.6 Navy y a r d s ............................................. 15.* 36.4 lk .h 36 .4 14.3 37.2 5.3 4 .4 5.0 5.5 5.2 5.4 GREAT LAKES: Private y a rds......................................... INLAND: Private y a r d s ......................................... 1/ The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. The Gulf region includes all yards bordering on the Gulf of Mexico in the following States: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. The Pacific region includes all yards in California, Oregon, and Washington. The Great Lakes region includes all yards bordering on the Great Lakes in the following States: Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. The Inland region includes all other yards. 2J D ata include Curtis Bay Coast Guard Yard. 8 G overn m en t Table A-5: G o v e r n m e n t civilian e m p l o y m e n t a n d Federal military personnel (In thousands) 1956 December 7,656 November 7,3*2 1956 Average 7,176 2,53* 2,201 2,21* Le gislative.................................. Judicial..................................... 2,507.7 1,03*.8 856.9 616.I 22.0 *.* 2,17*.7 1,037.5 518.9 618.3 22.0 *.5 2,187.* l,03*.l 539.6 613.7 2I.9 *.3 3/......................... 239.2 231.* 23I.2 218.3 88.0 16.7 113.7 20.2 •7 210.* 88.1 8.8 113.5 20.3 .7 2IO.3 88.6 9.3 112.* 20.2 •7 Unit of Government TOTAL CIV ILIAN EMPLOYMENT u ..................................................... FEDERAL EMPLOYMENT 2/............................. Department of Defense..................... D IS T R IC T OF C O L U M B I A STATE AND LOCAL EMPLOYMENT........................... TOTAL MILITARY PERSONNEL 4/............................. 5,122 5,1*1 *,962 1,320.8 3,800.9 1,321.O 3,819.9 1,281.0 3,681.4 2,3*7.9 2,773.8 2,3*9.7 2,791.2 2,189.2 2,773.2 2,809 2,827 2,8*8 1,002.* 918.3 675.O 202.1 28.8 1,030.1 916.1 672.7 200.* 28.8 992.3 915.O 672.6 2OO.3 28.6 1/ Data refer to Continental United States only. 2/ Data are prepared by the Civil Service Commission. 3/ Includes all Federal civilian employment in Washington Standard Metropolitan Area (District of Columbia and adjacent Maryland and Virginia counties). 4/ Data refer to Continental United States and elsewhere. _2_ T a b le A - 6 : E m ployees in n o n a g ric u ltu ra l estab lish m en ts, b y in d u s try d ivisio n a n d S tate ______ (In thousands)__________ Mining TOTAL State 1956 1955 Nov. Dec. 333.8 4,544.1 470.5 (l/) 738.5 252.1 334.1 4,469.0 466.5 914.6 721.0 236.8 331.1 4,263.4 448.6 911.4 14.3 16.O 6.5 37.5 16.3 District of Columbia 3/, Florida................ Georgia................ Idaho................... Illinois............... Indiana................ lova.................... 517.O 1,128.6 995-5 143.0 3,525.7 1,436.2 663.9 505.7 1,079.2 985.3 144.4 3,491.3 1,422.4 657.6 509.I 1,041.3 978.9 l4o .7 3,507.6 1,449.7 657.6 (it/) Kansas.................. Kentucky............... Louisiana.............. Maine................... Maryland............... Massachusetts.......... Michigan................ 556.9 554.3 550.8 750.4 278.8 878.5 1,892.7 2,451.1 741.3 278.0 868.7 1,859.0 2,423.6 735.3 276.2 846.1 1,865.7 2,543.4 900.0 883.9 365.2 1,321.3 159.6 358.5 84.7 182.8 11.9 2.0 5.2 .2 Dec. Alabama................ Arizona................ Arkansas.............. . California............. Colorado............... Connecticut............ Delaware............... 744.9 256.2 - - Deo. (I/) Nov. 1956 Dec. 14.3 16.O 6.4 37.3 16.6 (2/) 16.1 14.8 6.6 35.8 16.2 (2/) 41.2 20.5 14.7 286.6 32.3 (V ) (V ) 7.5 *•9 *•9 31.7 10.8 3.1 7.5 * .9 *.9 31.6 11.0 3.2 18,5 39.3 45.4 .5 2.1 18.4 39.3 *5.3 .5 2.1 (V ) Contract construction jDec. as (V ) 7.3 4.8 k .2 31.* 10.5 3.1 19.2 41.3 kl.o .7 2.1 (V ) G /> 17.4 116.4 52.4 7.5 183.9 68.1 34.4 18.I 118.4 54.7 8.4 196.2 73.1 39-3 16.8 105.5 49.6 8.1 167.4 69.4 32.2 33.6 36.4 36.4 58.4 12.8 67.1 79.4 108.9 58.2 14.3 69.4 87.9 122.0 56.1 10.8 67.7 77.5 111.9 46.3 53.6 _ 15.9 18.9 20.0 17.7 3.1 8.7 12.3 2.3 5.1 .2 10.4 18.7 7.1 8.8 12.2 21.3 7.0 9.6 51.1 16.9 69.1 9.0 18.7 8.4 9.2 113.6 16.0 237.9 49.0 7.4 165.8 35.1 119.5 16.1 252.6 *9.7 10.3 178.3 36.6 107.4 14.8 235.1 49.2 5.9 156.5 33.1 25.3 19*. 5 17.8 28.1 10.6 43.2 170.3 20.6 177.6 16.2 29.2 7.1 43.5 155.I 16.6 5.0 72.4 45.7 24.7 67.8 7.4 13.4 4.6 59.3 38.6 20.6 59*6 5.4 1,922.4 202.3 6,124.5 1,068.8 116.7 3,192.9 577.1 1,909.6 200.5 6,062.9 1,063.9 118.8 3,154.1 576.3 1,899.8 188.8 6,115.5 1,068.0 113.7 3,185.0 579.O 4.6 16.2 10.8 3.9 1.7 21.6 5I.O *•7 16.4 3.9 1.8 22.0 51.* 3.9 I5.7 11.1 3.9 1.7 21.2 53.0 488.1 478.4 3,782.4 306.0 546.8 124.3 879.7 2,375.5 1.2 95.* 1.2 9*. 3 1.1 95.8 (y ) 1.3 2.6 8.6 126.7 (y ) 1.2 2.6 8.6 127.0 (V ) 1.3 2.5 8.9 124.5 22.7 174.9 16.2 27.1 8.3 4l.l 167.0 230.8 105.I 958.5 760.3 498.9 1,144.2 85.0 15.4 1.4 18.6 2.3 81.8 4.1 8.8 15.5 1.4 18.6 2.4 81.6 15.* 1.5 16.8 2.3 78.8 3.6 9.2 13.7 4.4 70.5 42.6 22.8 62.0 6.2 300.6 542.7 125.8 873.7 2,454.9 Utah................... Vermont................ Virginia 3/........... Washington............ West Virginia 3/...... Wisconsin............. Wyoming................ 238.1 106.0 1,012.0 794.2 508.4 1,155.9 87.2 239.7 105.0 999.6 790.4 501.8 1,146.2 88.1 Se e footnotes at end of table. _ 16.9 New Jersey............ . New Mexico............ . New York.............. North Carolina........ . North Dakota.......... . Ohio.................... Oklahoma................ 493.5 3,777.6 300.2 535.9 129.9 861.5 2,419.5 - 16.3 1,323.0 163.1 357.1 85.4 184.2 3,316.0 r Dec. 34.1 20.0 15.3 254.O 30.5 46.3 900.5 (1 / ) 1,301.7 164.4 358.5 85.0 182.6 Oregon.................. Pennsylvania.......... . Rhode Island.......... . South Carolina........ . South Dakota........... Tennessee....... ....... Texas................... Iw 41.9 20.7 15.6 292.3 33.9 52.4 Minnesota.............. Mississippi............ Missouri.......... Montana...... .......... Nebraska............... Nevada................. New Haaqpshire.......... d /) Nov. (Ì /) 9.0 11.8 2.2 5.3 .3 ll.l k.k 9.0 m m St 3 le mplovment Tab le A -6 : Em ployees in n o n a g ric u ltu ra l establishm ents, b y industry division an d State - C ontinued (In thousands) State Manufactur ing 1956 . 1955 Nov. Dec. Dec. 246.3 37.7 246.8 37.4 242.8 33.5 87.0 89.2 88.2 1,233.8 76.1 (!/) 59.2 District of Columbia j J ..... 16.5 163.0 337.5 Iowa....................... Kansas..................... Kentucky................... Louisiana.................. 26.3 1 ,285.3 616.5 168.8 128.5 175.6 148.7 107.5 Maryland................... 276.3 Massachusetts............... 715.1 1,099.8 Minnesota.................. Missouri................... Montana.................... Nevada..................... New Hampshire............... 220.5 (I/) 394.1 20.6 57.3 5.7 83.I 810.5 19.9 New York................... 1,935.2 North Carolina.............. 465.1 6.3 Ohio....................... 1,373.9 91.0 Oregon..................... Rhode Island........ ....... South Carolina.............. South Dakota................ Texas...................... Utah....................... Vermont.................... Virginia 3/................ West Virginia l/............ Wisconsin.................. 133.1 1,491.5 131.2 229.8 1,239.0 76.5 435.1 59.3 16.4 435.6 61.3 16.5 151.5 340.4 25.3 1 ,297.8 640 172.5 126.8 170.0 151.8 121.8 181.0 151.8 109.7 279.0 712.4 1 ,083.0 220.0 (1 /) 391.0 21.7 57.7 5.7 83.5 810.8 19.8 1 ,950.2 469.8 107.5 263.2 717.2 1,193.6 212.8 103.9 392.3 20.4 59.7 5.9 84.3 50.5 21.7 28.8 363.6 44.9 (1 /) 29.7 92.4 74.0 15.4 310.7 102.3 54.3 61.8 56.4 83.O 20.9 76.2 121.0 152.2 90.0 (1 /) 128.2 22.1 50.4 21.5 29.4 362.7 44.8 44.7 29.2 50.1 21.2 29.4 345.8 44.8 44.0 29.2 128.7 (1 /) 96.9 64.4 137.9 58.4 81.7 150.3 182.8 62.2 56.6 82.4 21.1 76.3 120.8 153.6 91.4 (1/) 152.1 19.8 151.8 20.2 150.2 19.0 500.2 18.6 35.0 499.0 498.4 498.8 466.7 62.1 13.2 62.0 61.5 223.2 226.2 51.2 48.5 317.4 15.4 25.7 321.2 15.6 25.8 316.8 230.2 12.0 234.9 11-5 299.1 459.6 9.8 59.6 229.5 228.3 230.7 34.6 38.4 22.3 22.7 22.4 256.1 464.7 91.1 66.4 51.4 75.5 8.4 90.9 65.7 51.7 75.8 6.6 13.0 12.9 136.0 197.6 132.2 48.2 15.3 25.8 8.2 10.0 59.8 13.5 48.2 9.9 60.7 8.0 86.8 62.9 50.7 76.6 14.2 93.1 97.0 320.5 38.3 771.9 1,949.7 13.4 224.2 49.1 122.5 164,0 - 228.9 359.2 46.2 1,397.5 810.1 18.3 159.1 - 37.1 736.2 230.5 (l/> 330.9 41.3 102.4 10.6 21.5 39.4 9.1 125.2 38.2 766.3 85.4 39.2 9.0 10.5 127.0 60.8 83.8 1 ,018.0 320.6 222.8 57-9 191.9 408.9 24.2 129.0 21.4 41.6 9.4 10.7 1,013.4 157.7 346.9 233.8 20.4 74.8 119.7 154.7 137.4 1,479.4 132.4 461.2 6.9 83.2 319.8 184.3 141.1 1,492.9 132.4 213.0 86.5 1 ,070.6 103.0 56.4 54.7 90.6 38.4 264.6 153.7 61.3 64.1 101.8 224.3 48.7 36.8 160.9 86.4 73.0 15.7 310.4 6.3 1,385.2 36.1 Wholesale and retail trade 1956 1955 Dec. Nov. Dec. 90.5 73.7 15.3 310.5 6.6 1 ,361.0 92.0 292.7 478.0 463.1 6.7 68.7 157.6 337.7 28.7 1 ,287.8 612.9 168.3 11.7 291.1 477.8 38.8 262.2 211.6 130.6 1,145.2 Transportation and public utilities 1956 1955_ Dec. Nov. Dec. 39.3 652.2 145.6 121.0 758.1 59.1 308.1 I83.8 134.4 138.4 174.1 54.9 136.5 146.6 178.4 182.2 400.7 507.2 225.7 (i/> 319.9 40.3 229.8 100.0 18.2 33.4 117.7 723.1 685.8 39.5 57.0 20.0 248.4 192.5 233.6 I87.O 100.2 91.8 253.9 19.8 18.5 34.0 3*58.8 44.4 44.3 1,337.7 1,394.6 212.8 223.9 38.8 38.4 623.4 652.1 140.3 149.7 202.3 658.3 59.5 92.4 341.2 41.4 101.7 347.4 56.3 110.0 20.6 58.2 186.5 393.2 483.5 116.0 39.8 214.6 311.6 179.7 245.1 19.4 119.1 756.3 60.2 115.9 40.8 212.7 662.0 56.6 20.4 230.5 189.6 99.2 251.5 18.6 See footnotes at e nd of table. 416890 0 - 57 -4 11 State Employment T ab le A - 6 : Em ployees in n o n a g ric u ltu ra l establishm ents, b y industry d ivisio n an d S tate - C o ntinued (In thousands) State Finance, insurance, and real estate Dec. Alabama......................................... Arizona..................................... Arkansas....................................... C a lifo rn ia................................... Colorado....................................... Connecticut.................................. Delaware....................................... Florid a......................................... Georgia......................................... Idaho............................................. I l l i n o i s ....................................... Indiana......................................... Iowa.............................................. Kansas........................................... Louisiana..................................... Maine............................................ Maryland 5 / .................................. Massachusetts.............................. Michigan....................................... Minnesota..................................... M ississippi.................................. Missouri....................................... Montana......................................... Nebraska...................................... New Hampshire.............................. New York....................................... North Carolina............................ North Dakota................................ Ohio.............................................. Oklahoma....................................... Nov. 27.9 9-7 27.9 9.7 10.2 10.1 218.8 2O .7 217.5 20.7 (1/) 24.7 56.3 39.6 4.6 174.0 50.6 30.1 19.7 20.0 26.1 48.0 - 2^.7 55.8 39.5 4.6 174 .O 50.4 79 .O 6.8 438.0 33.7 5.0 102.5 22.7 18.5 135.5 13 .O 15.3 Utah.............................................. 9.4 3.4 42.0 33.5 12.3 40.6 2.3 5.2 28.9 U1.9 66.2 8.9 9.6 204.2 2O .3 45.7 24.2 51.0 37.1 4.6 174.2 46.2 63.2 5.7 20.7 2.4 5.9 79 .O 6.8 438.4 33.6 5.0 103.2 22.5 18.4 135.4 13 .I 15.4 25.5 8.1 Nov. Government 1955 Dec. Q /) 63.7 29.3 36.3 547.O 55.7 89.7 : - 70.5 168.8 94.5 17.4 70.6 155.0 94.4 17.4 580.4 57.9 401.0 IO9.8 74.5 58.9 68.6 81.8 25.9 68.4 110.2 152 .I 91.8 16.6 388.0 107.9 59.1 56.5 402.2 75.1 72.8 69.I 81.1 26.0 96.8 226.6 223.4 66.2 78.3 26.1 90.3 39.2 89.3 73.3 225.9 223.5 223.9 220.2 41.2 105.9 IO6.7 10.0 62.9 U /) (1/) 96.4 15Ê .1 19.8 15S.1 2.4 5.7 46.2 IO6.3 37.1 I5I .8 I9.7 45.4 21.6 18.8 21.6 18.8 20.8 I7.9 77.7 6.4 437.9 32.O 4.8 99.7 193.9 23.8 I95.I 24.0 820.4 92.5 I6 .O I85.8 2I .9 5.4 20.1 46.1 813.4 91.9 15.9 286.6 21.8 62.3 17.7 132.I 58.1 415.8 28.3 5.2 12.3 14.6 5.1 28.8 111.2 28.2 105.8 9.4 3.4 42.4 33.3 9.2 3.4 40.4 32.5 12.2 12.1 40.5 2.3 1' 95b 66.1 32.6 38.3 579.9 58.1 93.3 33.1 37.7 - 19.4 I9.3 42.1 (1 /) 6.0 26.2 19.8 20.0 26.0 42.1 (1 /) 63.1 5.7 2.4 Dec. 28.6 8.5 40.0 92.7 77.3 20.6 1955 Dec. 29.8 8.5 40.2 93.2 77.8 Oregon........................................... Pennsylvania................................ Rhode Island................................ South Carolina............................ South Dakota................................ Tennessee..................................... Texas............................................. Washington................................... West V irginia V ........................ Wisconsin..................................... 1956 Service and miscellaneous 38.9 2.2 20.0 290.4 63.4 807.5 92.3 I5 .I 284.3 61.8 Dec. 137.6 53.4 62.k 754.1 93.6 ( i/ ) 16.2 1956 195b Nov. ï)ec. 137.4 52.9 61.9 725.6 90.7 82.0 15.7 I3O .3 48.3 261.3 177.3 158.8 28.7 372.9 158.2 253.6 173.8 157.6 28.0 353.0 154.9 107.6 98.O 1C6.4 124.2 44.8 97.2 102.6 122.4 43.0 122.9 114.5 128.3 122.5 44.4 124.3 237.9 209.5 201.3 205.9 139.6 780.8 138.5 53.6 792.8 I39.9 27.9 366.O 120.7 52.8 754.O 14.2 20.8 48.4 27.9 121.0 360.0 117.8 25.5 25.8 12.8 103.9 89.4 24.3 12.4 96.2 44.3 44.6 84.4 43.4 56,2 16.5 176.3 155.9 65.0 55.9 12.8 IO2.9 89.4 15.9 173.2 153.9 62.8 116.2 116.3 111.6 140.5 135.1 20.0 19.5 374.5 266.5 26.9 351.7 275.4 9.9 96.6 103.I 166.3 30.0 68.9 281.7 10.7 158.7 108.4 161.7 31.2 71.0 15.7 20.6 92.4 282.O 10.4 27.9 366.5 31.3 70.8 15.8 21.8 32.9 I33.7 364.4 92.3 153.3 139.6 77.6 31.3 137.5 17.3 167.0 141.0 (1/0 16.5 92.I 17.2 28.7 257.O 145.8 (1 /) I72 .O 41.9 42.8 15.4 225-4 263.3 82.7 403.1 54.9 399.9 89.9 86.3 249.2 272.3 85.3 U23.0 37.5 84.6 58.6 416.9 29.I 42.7 61.9 713.4 36.1 82.6 79.4 420.1 37.0 83.2 31.1 134.5 362.4 54.9 16.6 172.4 152.4 61.9 137.6 18.9 1/ Not available. 2/ Mining combined with construction. 3/ Revised series; not strictly comparable with previously published data, 4/ Mining combined with service. 5/ Federal employment in Maryland and Virginia portions of Washington, D. C., Metropolitan area included in data for District of Columbia. 12 Area Employment Tab le A -7 : Em ployees in n o n ag ric u ltu ral establishm ents fo r selected areas, by industry division (in thousands) A r e a and industry division ALABAMA B irmingham Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction. Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util.. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... Number of employees Dec. Nov. 209.5 9.7 207.9 9.7 13.3 13.5 68.8 68.6 16.8 48.4 16.7 46.9 12.0 Mobile Total............... Contract construction. Manufacturing....... Trans. and pub. util.. Trade............... Finance............. Service 1J .......... Government.......... ARIZONA Phoenix Total............... Mining...... ....... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... 1950 21.9 18.7 21.9 18.7 90.0 5 .1 89.1 19.7 10.3 19.4 3.7 9.3 22.6 128.6 Tucson Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction. Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util.. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... ARKANSAS Little RockN. Little Rock Total............... Contract construction. Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util.. Trade...... ........ Finance.............. Service .......... Government.......... 12.1 .2 10.6 5.0 19.5 10.3 18.9 3.7 9.3 22.5 125.4 .2 IO.9 22.3 21.8 10.0 37.1 6.7 I 6.8 35.3 6.7 16.5 24.0 10.2 24.7 1955 Dec. 205.2 11.2 11.0 66.1 16.6 50.2 11.2 21.2 I7.9 86.3 5.2 1 6.8 10.4 19.7 3.6 8.8 21.9 117.4 .2 10.8 18.9 9.8 34.9 6.0 14.9 21.9 55*5 54.5 51.2 4.8 9.2 4.6 9.2 5.0 4.5 8.4 5.3 12.4 2.2 5.0 2.2 13.3 12.8 1.7 8.7 8.6 10.6 1.7 10.4 2.0 1.6 7.6 9.4 72.6 4.4 11 .7 73.1 5.0 12.5 72.7 5.2 12.9 19.9 4.8 19.2 4.8 13.8 13.6 19.4 4.5 9.7 12.9 15.4 I 6.6 14.1 8.0 10.2 8.0 10.2 8.2 CALIFORNIA Fresno Manufacturing. A r e a and industry division Los Angeles-Long Beach Total.............. Mining............. Contract construction Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util. Trade.............. Finance............ Service............ Government......... Sacramento Total.............. Mining............. Contract construction, Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util., Trade.............. . Finance............ , Service............ . Government.......... San BernardinoRivers ide-Ontari o Manufacturing....... San Diego Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction. Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util.. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... San Francisco-Oakland Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction. Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util.. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... San Jose Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction. Manufacturing....... Trans. and pub. util.. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... Number of employees Dec. 2,222.6 IQ56 Nov. Dec. I 5.8 2, 166.0 15.6 768.5 764.0 128.8 139.4 5II .9 109.5 302.5 246.2 136.7 .6 130 .3 I37.9 475.3 109.3 301.1 232.5 I35.O .6 9.4 9.9 15.4 15.3 13.1 2,093.9 14.0 115 .0 726.5 134.1 488.0 99.9 283.5 232.9 126.6 •5 8.7 11.8 12.6 12.9 29.4 5.2 11.5 52.3 51.3 28.2 4.9 10.7 49.2 27.9 27.9 27.1 224.2 217.6 197.4 14.6 67.5 49.4 14.2 65.4 11.9 45.6 25.4 45.I 25.9 44.4 12.7 49.5 11.3 46.9 8.7 24.6 43.5 966.7 1.9 60.2 193.2 95O .5 1.9 62.8 936.4 1.7 60.I 194.4 185.4 229.O 66.4 108.7 216.8 66.9 186.3 178.9 105 .0 224.3 62.6 11 5 .0 182.3 I27.3 .1 I 27.I 112.8 .1 10.5 37.5 8.5 28.5 5.7 11.4 38.4 8.5 26.9 5.8 9.7 30.3 7.9 25.5 5.4 16.0 17.9 .2 11.8 10.2 IO9.5 120.2 I7.4 I9.I 28.0 5.3 11.5 .2 10.0 120.1 .1 17.5 18.5 .2 S ee footnotes at e n d of table. 13 Area Employment T a b l e A -7: E m p l o y e e s in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, b y industry division - C o n t i n u e d A r e a and industry division (in thousands) Number of employees A r e a and industry T5551955 division Nov, Dec. Dec. CALIFORNIA-C ont inued Stockton Manufacturing. COLORADO Denver T o ta l................................. Mining............................... Contract con stru ction . Manufacturing................. Trans, and pub. u t i l . . Trade................................. Finance............................. S e rv ice ............................. Government....................... 11.2 12.1 278.0 274.1 3.1 3.1 20.2 51.2 Hartford Total................... Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. 258.8 2.8 21.0 51.1 18.7 43.8 29.3 8o'.& 78.0 28.6 15.2 15.2 33.9 74.9 14.4 33-8 41.8 34.0 CONNECTICUT Bridgeport Total................... Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. 10.5 44.1 42.5 (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) ( 2,/) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) l? 4 .8 5-5 71.8 5-7 20.8 2.6 9.6 8.8 204.1 9.2 75-3 7.8 44.2 27.4 20.8 19.4 New Britain Total................... Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) (¿/> 45.0 1.2 New Haven Total................... Contract construction 1/ Manufacturing...... . Trans. and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service................. Government.............. (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) 126.2 8.0 124.9 46.7 13.0 24.3 46.0 Stamford T o ta l..................................... Contract construction l / (2/) (2/) See footnotes at end of table. 14 6.8 18.3 9.1 53.4 4.4 29.3 2.0 6.2 .7 2.8 2.8 6.8 12.6 24.9 6.5 17.7 10.4 52.3 4.0 195b Dec. Nov. Stamford-Continued Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade..................................... Finance................................. S e rv ice ................................. Government........................... ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) 21.3 3.0 Waterbury T o ta l............................. Contract con stru ction 1/ Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade..................................... Finance................................. S e r v ic e ................................ Government........................... ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) (I /) ( 2/ ) ( 2/ ) 68.5 DELAWARE’ Wilmington Manufacturing. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Washington 3 / T o ta l................................. Contract con stru ction . Manufacturing................. Trans, and pub. u t i l . . Trade................................. Finance............................. Service 1 / ...................... Government....................... FLORIDA Jacksonville T ota l................................. Contract construction . Manufacturing................. Trans, and pub. u t i l . . Trade................................. Finance............................. Service 1 / ....................... Government....................... Miami T o ta l................................. Contract con stru ction . Manufacturing................. Trans. and pub. u t i l . . Trade........ ...................... .. Finance............................. Service 1 / ....................... Government....................... Tampa-St. Petersburg T o ta l................................. Contract con stru ction . Manufacturing................. Trans. and pub. u t i l . . Trade................................. 1 1 .1 1.8 8.1 3.7 2.3 42.1 2.7 10.6 I 955----Dec. 20.7 2.9 11.5 1.8 7 .6 3-9 72.2 2.5 45.0 2.7 10.8 1.4 4.4 5.0 1.4 4.4 5.5 58.8 58.3 61.1 668.0 657.0 43.1 27.7 43.4 138.7 35-3 97.1 271.7 651.9 41.1 40.9 27.8 44.0 144.6 35.4 95.9 279.4 131.8 9-7 20.4 15.1 40.2 10.7 15.7 20.2 276.4 26.7 33.9 34.9 82.2 15.1 55.5 28.2 159.8 17.2 27.4 12.0 53.4 129.0 10.0 20.6 14.6 37.9 10.6 15.6 19.8 26.7 42.9 141.1 34.4 91.2 274.5 123.8 9.2 19.0 15.0 37.1 10.2 14.5 19.0 263.5 26.4 33.3 34.2 77.6 15.1 49.7 27.4 , 256.7 154.9 17.1 27.4 11.9 50.4 151.1 25.2 31.8 31.7 77.1 13.7 51.0 26.4 15.6 26.6 1 1.6 50.7 Area Employment T ab le A -7 : Em ployees in n o n a g ric u ltu ra l establishm ents, fo r selected areas, b y industry division - C o n tin u e d Area and industry d iv is io n (In thousands) Number o f employees Area and industry 1956 1955 d iv ision Dec. Nov. Dec. FLORIDA-Continued Tampa-St. Petersburg-Con. 7-9 22.0 20.1 Service 1 / ........................... 7 .9 21.3 19.0 7.1 21.0 18.6 Rockford Total...................................... Contract con stru ction 1 / Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Number o f employees 1956 1955 Nov. Dec. Dec. 2.5 6.7 1*.4 75.8 4.1 43.1 2.7 12.7 2.5 6.7 4.0 71.8 1.6 69.9 1.6 3.9 31.3 * .9 29.6 76.7 3.8 1*3.4 2.7 13.2 Finance................................. S e rv ice ................................. Government........................... GEORGIA Atlanta 4 / T o ta l..................................... Contract co n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade............................. Savannah T o ta l..................................... Contract co n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade................................. Finance................................. Service l / . ................. Government........................... 18.8 90.8 34.6 96.7 92.8 24.3 *3.* *3.1 24.2 *3.3 41.9 55.9 3.8 15.3 6.7 13.7 2.0 71 »j^ 7 .1 3.9 14.7 6.5 13.1 2.0 7f •J 1 ! 7.0 21.8 1.5 2.0 2.6 6.9 1.4 3.1 4.3 21.9 1.7 2.0 2.6 6.8 1.4 3.2 *. 2 129.0 1 , 039.3 Peoria T o ta l..................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... M anufacturing.. . . Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade. . . . . . . . ....... . 226.4 568.2 1*3.9 309.6 243.8 2,630.9 3.7 133.7 1,039.9 225.5 5*5.* 144.1 311.1 227.1* 102.7 102.9 *.3 * .9 48.6 7.1 47.6 7.1 22.9 3.5 9.1 8.2 2.4 6.7 4.0 18.8 90.3 3^.5 89.7 22.3 40.3 37.0 *54 2 2.9 15.1 6.5 13.8 1.9 7I •0 v 7 .0 INDIANA Evansville T o ta l..................................... Mining................................... Contract co n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . Finance................................. Fort Wayne 3/ T o ta l..................................... Contract co n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . 21.4 1.5 1.8 2 . 1* 6.9 1.4 3.1 *.3 Indianapolis T o ta l..................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . M anufacturing.................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Finance............................... . 15.6 2.2 *.3 5.0 15.1 12.3 2.2 12.1 82.0 81.6 3.2 36.3 7.6 3-* 36.7 7.5 18.4 3.7 11.9 19.0 3 .8 12 .1 295.8 13.6 IO9 .O 22.5 68.6 293.* 1*.5 109.0 22.6 66.6 2,63l*.5 3.6 117.1 1,033.2 227.5 568.7 11*4.4 298.3 241.7 101.3 4.1* 1*6.3 7 .0 21.8 22.8 3.5 9.1 7 .9 3-5 9.2 8.2 73.1* 1.7 3.8 32.7 5.0 15.9 2.2 12.1 81*.2 3.5 38.6 7 .5 19.3 3.5 11.8 295.9 12.3 112 . 1* 22.8 69.O 17.0 17.5 64.6 17.5 63.2 62.4 85.5 84.8 3.5 *3.1 4.8 86.2 South Bend 2.664.0 3.7 13.0 332.9 Finance................................. Service 6 j ........................... IDAHO Boise T o ta l..................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing.................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade............................... Finance................................. Service Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . PlnAnrA Service i / 346.4 17.8 90.5 3^.8 Service 1 / ........................... Government........................... ILLINOIS Chicago T ota l. Mining................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade ............................... .. Finance 350.6 75.8 3.7 43.2 2.7 Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . 2.8 Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . *3.5 * .9 16.5 15.8 Finance................................. Service 6/ ........................... 3.5 l* .3 3.5 14.1 3.0 44.0 * .9 l 6.6 3.5 14.2 IOWA De3 Moines T o ta l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . 98.3 95.6 5.1 97.5 *.7 !*.6 21*. 1* 8.0 27.1 10.3 12 .1 12.0 22.3 8.1 26.3 23.8 12.2 10.3 10.1 12.0 11.5 11.9 7.8 27.1+ See footnotes at e n d of table. 15 Area Employment Tab le A -7 : Em ployees in n o n ag ric u ltu ral establishm ents fo r selected areas, b y industry division - C o ntinued A r e a and industry division (in thousands) Number of employees A r e a and industry 1956 1955 division Dec. Dec. Nov. KANSAS Topeka T ota l..................................... Mining................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t il Trade..................................... Finance................................. S ervice................................. Government........................... Wichita T ota l..................................... Mining................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade..................................... Finance................................. Service................................. Government........................... KENTUCKY L ou isville T otal............................... Contract construction Manufacturing............... Trams, and pub. u t i l . Trade............................... Finance........................... Service 1_/..................... Government..................... 1*6.1 .2 3.* 6.2 7.2 10.3 2.5 5 .9 12.6 Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .., Manufacturing.................... Trans. and pub. u t i l Trade................................... . Finance................................. S erv ice ................................ Government......................... . 10.0 2.5 5.9 12.6 126.5 1 .9 7 .8 5*. 5 27.7 26.6 7.* *.7 12.1* 11.5 7.* l*.8 12.1* 11.1* 1*7.2 .2 3.3 6 .1 7.5 9.8 2.1* 5.8 12.3 121.7 1 .9 7.3 50.8 7.* 27.1 4.6 11.8 10.9 246.1 21*7.2 12.3 99.6 23.8 23.6 13.0 101.2 22.8 55.0 9.7 5*.0 9.8 55.0 9.8 12.1 99.* 2*9.7 21*.9 25.6 21*.0 23.2 22.3 23.9 61*. 9 .5 6.8 61*.0 . 1* 6.8 19. 1* 1*.0 19.3 4.0 13.7 12.9 2.2 6 .1 12.3 280.2 5.7 16.5 50.1 See footnotes at end of table. l6 3.8 6.3 7.3 1 .9 7.2 55.6 Hew Orleans MLning............... . .2 128.2 LOUISIANA Baton Rouge T ota l..................................... Mining................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t il Trade..................................... Finance................................. S ervice................................. Government........................... T otal................................... . *6.3 1*6.8 73.9 13.3 39.3 3*.7 2.2 6 .1 12.3 275.* 62. 1* .1* 6.0 19.2 4.1 13.7 2.1 5.8 11.1 27*. 6 5.6 6.1 16.8 50.3 1*6 .1 15.7 1*9.6 1*4.8 71.3 72.0 38.9 33.3 39.0 3*. 3 13.* 13.* MAINE Lewiston T ota l..................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade..................................... Finance................................. Service 1J ........................... Government........................... Portland T ota l..................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade..................................... Finance................................. Service 1J ........................... Government........................... Number of employees 1956 Dec. 28.1* i355" Dec. Nov. 28.8 1.6 29.* 1.4 15.2 16.O 5.7 5.5 3.6 3.5 1.1 5.6 .7 3.5 1.1 53.6 3.6 53.5 4.0 13.* 6.3 14.7 3.6 52.9 3.3 1 .4 lk . J 1.1 .8 1.1 12.9 6.3 15.6 1.1 .8 1.1 12.8 6.3 15.6 8.1 3.* 8.0 3.5 3 .* 3.5 620.1 608.4 596.7 Manufacturing....... 1*4.3 211.2 45.6 211.7 Trans. and pub. u t i l . . Trade................................. Finance............................. S ervice............................. Government....................... 57.7 127.4 29.9 57.6 119.7 29.7 44.9 199.7 56.7 124.1 MARYLAND Baltimore T ota l................................. Mining............................... Contract construction . MASSACHUSETTS Boston T ota l................................... Contract con stru ction .. Manufacturing................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . Trade................................... Finance............................... Service 1_/......................... Government......................... F all River T ota l................................. Manufacturi ng................. Trans. and pub. u t i l . . Trade................................. Government....................... Other nonmanufacturing New Bedford T ota l................................... Contract co n s tru ctio n .. ifenufactu ring................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . Trade................................... Government......................... Other nonmanufacturing. 3.6 8.1 .8 66.6 82.2 .8 66.6 76.7 1,022.2 1,004.3 .8 29.8 62.4 78.3 99*. 5 46.8 53.9 291.5 57.* 291.5 288.7 247.4 68.9 239.* 78.5 236.7 78.0 78.0 131.0 132.6 68.4 65.8 151.5 137.0 129.5 146.5 48.3 27.7 2.7 8.3 46.2 46.6 26.1 28.1 3.* 6.2 2.7 7 .9 3.1 6 .4 2.7 8.4 3.3 50.6 49.1 51.0 1.5 1 .7 3.6 1.7 27.5 2.3 9.5 4.0 6.0 6.0 27. I 2.6 9.2 4.1 6.1 26.6 2.6 8.6 6 .1 Area Employment T a b le A -7 : E m ployees in n o n a g ric u ltu ra l establishm ents, fo r selected areas, b y industry division - C o n tin u e d ( In thousands) A r e a and industry d ivision MASSACHUSETTS Springfield-H olyoke T ota l..................................... Contract co n s tr u c tio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade..................................... Finance................................. Service 1/ ........................... Government........................... Worcester 3/ T o ta l..................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade..................................... Finance................................. Service 1 / ........................... Government........................... Number o f employees 1956 1955 Nov. Dec. Dec. Area and industry d iv ision Number o f employees 1 1955 19]16 Nov. Dec. .... Dec.__ M inneapolis-St. Paul 170.4 7-7 75-9 8 .7 36.0 7.3 17.3 17.5 168.3 9.0 75.6 8 .7 3*. 5 7 .* 164.8 7.6 72.6 8.5 3*.7 7.1 17.2 17.0 15.9 17.3 1 1 1 .1 112.7 5.8 5.1 51.7 5.8 22.0 21.0 *.5 52.9 5.5 22.2 * .9 * .9 11.3 11.3 4.4 11.4 112.4 *.3 51.6 11.6 12.2 MICHIGAN D etroit T o ta l..................................... 1,316.1 .8 Mining................................... 56.1 Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... 602.2 Manufacturing..................... 82.1 Trans. and pub. u t i l Trade..................................... 271.3 Finance................................. 48.7 S erv ice................................. 131.9 122.9 Government........................... 1 , 301.0 .9 64.7 593.9 82.4 276.0 119.0 47.1 130.4 120.4 46.8 130.5 F lin t Manufactuii ng..................... 88.7 84.9 95.2 Grand Rapids Manufacturing..................... 55.8 55.9 53.8 Lansing Manufacturing..................... 30.2 Muskegon Manufacturing..................... 26.8 29.1 26.9 33.9 50.2 Finance................................. 127.9 30.* Government........................... 65.2 124.3 30.9 59.* 60.3 57.2 57.2 .8 .8 56.9 .7 3.6 10.7 4.6 15.9 3.6 7.6 10.5 3 .8 10.9 26.4 25.4 29.7 MINNESOTA Duluth T ota l..................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade..................................... Finance................................. Service 1 / ........................... Government........................... *3.3 2.5 10.9 6 .8 10.9 1.8 6.4 4.1 44.0 2.8 11.1 7.2 10.6 1.8 6.5 4.1 4 l .o 2.4 9.9 5.5 10.9 1 .8 6.3 *.3 1*1.9 51.0 58.8 62.7 MISSISSIPPI Jackson Contract co n s tru ctio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . *.6 *.6 10.3 * .5 15.5 3.6 7.7 10.5 16.2 3*6.7 .8 19.3 96.7 *4.0 9*.3 20.7 *0.6 32.3 357.8 3.5 7.3 10.0 MISSOURI Kansas City 351.5 .8 Contrac t con s true t i on. . . Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Finance................................. S erv ice................................. Government........................... 18.4 97.5 *3.7 96.5 20.6 40.6 33.* .8 19.6 100.2 **.8 97.7 20.8 *0.5 33.* St. Louis 727.1 7*7.0 2.6 2.6 Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... 742.6 2.5 4o.4 *1.5 Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . 278.7 69.2 276.8 *2.3 29.3 Saginav Manufacturi ng..................... 26.0 50.2 671.7 84.4 260.9 *98.7 128.4 30.9 59.2 Finance................................. S ervice................................. 36.0 501.0 28.9 147.0 148.7 11.8 1,393.7 .8 508.8 26.2 Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Finance................................. S ervice................................. Government........................... 276.8 71.4 68.8 157.0 35.5 81.6 63.3 18.5 18.7 18.0 1.6 3.0 2.3 5.9 3.5 2 .* 1 .1 2 .8 2.3 6 .0 3 .* 2 .* 163.3 35.5 81.6 69.9 168.0 36.3 8 1 .* 69.7 MONTANA Great F alls Contract co n s tru ctio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . 1.2 3.0 2.4 5.9 3.5 2.5 See footnotes at e nd of table. 17 Area Employment Tab le A -7 : Em ployees in n o n ag ric u ltu ral establishm ents fo r selected areas, b y industry division - C ontinued Area and industry d iv is io n NEBRASKA Omaha T ota l..................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . (In thousands) Number o f employees Area and industry 1955 195& d iv is io n Dec. Dec. Nov. 1*8.0 7.2 32.2 22.6 7 12.0 19.8 K 7 Government........ .. NEVADA Reno T ota l..................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing 3/ ............... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade..................................... Finance................................. 1*7.6 7 .9 32.0 22.6 371•7l j 12.1 19.9 15.6 38.7 Government........................... 8*.3 9.2 23.3 2.7 9.9 21.7 11.8 19.7 15.1 Trenton I b t a l..................................... 103.5 1*9.2 7.1 33.0 2*.0 26.* 26.* 2* . 9 2.2 1.7 3.2 7 1 1 .1 7 .0 * .1 2.2 1.7 3 .* 6 9 1.1 2.2 1 .9 3.2 6 6 1.1 6 .1 3.8 7 .1 * .0 NEW HAMPSHIRE Manchester * 2 .* 2.0 19.1 2.7 8 .8 2.0 * .* 3 .* Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade............................. . NEW JERSEY Newark-Jersey City 3 / T ota l............................. .. Mining................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing. Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Service •••••.............•••• Paterson 8/ T ota l..................................... Mining Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . Finance................................. Perth Amboy 8/ T ota l................................. *. Mining•••••••••••••••••. Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . 851.6 .2 27.7 .J Ô7.7 154.3 46.9 83.7 .I 8*.6 8*5.7 .2 28.8 ^68 3 87.0 1*8.7 *6.9 8 *.o * 2 .* 2.1 20.1 2.8 8 .2 1 .9 * .2 3.2 866 »2 .2 29.7 ^6*5.8 85.3 154.6 46.1 81.8 81.8 82.7 2-1 24Ì8 178.7 22.8 68.2 12.1 383.3 2.2 25.2 178.8 22.8 65.7 12.2 378.0 2 .0 20.9 179.0 7,w 22.6 66.8 12.0 37.0 *0.9 37.1 39.3 34.9 39.8 386.6 Finance................................. Contract co n s tru ctio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . S ervice...........*..................... Government .1 *.1 *1.9 6 .9 18.5 3.3 12.1 16.6 .8 Q.6 .8 8Ì7 154.3 .71 • 7.1 8*.2 9.2 101.9 .1 * .1 *1.6 22.5 2.7 9.9 21.1 6 .9 17.3 3.2 81.6 8 .8 23.1 2.6 9.3 21.1 101.6 .1 3 .* *1.3 6 .9 19.0 12.3 16 .* 3.1 11.5 16.3 62.9 60.1 * .* 5.0 9.7 5 .* NEW MEXICO Albuquerque Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Finance................................. Government . . . . • ........... 63.9 * .* 10.5 5.7 16.9 3.5 7 .9 15.0 10.3 5.7 16 .* 3.5 7.9 1*.7 16.2 3 .* 7 .* 13.0 NEW YORK Albany- Schene c tady - Troy Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Finance................................. Service 1/.••••••••......... Government........................... 213.0 8 .1 77.8 211.8 16.3 16.3 16.2 *2 .* 7.1 21.8 *1.8 7.1 21.8 *2.5 21 .9 39.5 38.2 39.9 79.0 i / ,u 2.1 * 2.6 * .0 1*.8 2 .0 6 .0 7.6 78.2 77. 1l •s5 2 .* *0.7 8.3 78.3 212.3 6 .9 77.8 7 .1 Binghamton Contract co n s tr u c tio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Finance. Government........................... Buffalo Ototal..................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . *62.8 21.0 211.3 37.7 Finance Service l / . .......• • • • • • Government........................... 13.9 *6.0 *0.8 92.1 160.5 See footnotes at en d of table. 18 *2.0 2.1 19.3 2.8 8 .* 2 .0 * .* 3 .0 Perth Amboy 8/-Continued Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Number o f employees 1956 Dec^------Dec. . . t e » ___ 2 .7 *2.2 3.9 1*.0 2.0 6 .2 7.3 *60.9 2*. 6 210.7 37.9 88.7 13.9 *£.2 39.0 *.0 1**9 1 Q 5.9 7.7 *55.8 20.1 207.3 37.2 92.0 13.8 *6.2 39.2 Area Employment T a b le A -7 : E m ployees in n o n a g ric u ltu ra l establishm ents, fo r selected areas, b y industry division - C o n tin u e d (In thousands) Ar e a and industry division Number of employees 1955 1956 „£SÆ. NEW YORK-Continued Elmira T ota l................................. . Manufacturing.................. Trade................................. . Other nonmanufacturing, Nassau and S u ffolk Counties 1 7 ----T otal. Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. Manufacturing................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . Trade................................... Finance............................... Service l / ......................... Government......................... New York-Northeastern New Jersey T ota l................................. Mining............................... Contract constru ction . Manufacturing................. Trans. and pub. u t i l . . Trade................................. Finance............................. S erv ice ............................. Government....................... New York City 8 / T ota l................................. Mining............................... Contract con stru ction . Manufacturing................. Trans. and pub. u t i l . . Trade................................. Finance............................. S erv ice............................. Government....................... Rochester T ota l................................. Contract con stru ction . Manufacturing................. Trans. and pub. u t i l . . Trade......................... .. Finance............................. Service 1 / ....................... Government....................... Syracuse T ota l..................................... Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l Trade..................................... Finance................................. Service 1J ........................... Government........................... 35.0 18.2 6 .9 9.8 328.5 28.7 100.9 20.7 76.5 10.5 37.0 5*.3 Nov. 3*.7 18.2 6 .7 9.9 324.8 29.9 100.9 20.7 73.3 10.5 37.7 51.8 Dec» 3*.8 17.6 7.1 10.0 Area and industry d iv ision Utica-Rome T ota l............................... . Contract construction Manufacturing................ Trans. and pub. u t i l ., Trade............................... , Finance........................... , Service 1/ ..................... Government..................... Number of employees 1956 1955 Dec. Nov. 103.2 103.6 97.* 3.8 45.8 5.1 16.9 3.2 4.4 46.2 5.2 16.1 3.2 8 .4 19.9 3.2 42.1 5.3 16.5 3.1 8.2 20.3 Dec. 8.2 19.1 308.5 28.6 93.0 21.3 69.7 10.5 3*.6 50.7 Westchester County 8 / T ota l............................... Contract construction Manufacturing............... Trans. and pub. u t i l . Trade............................... Finance........................... . Service l / ..................... Government..................... 193.2 14.7 51.5 14.6 46.2 11.6 29.9 24.7 *5.1 187.2 16.2 50.2 13.2 45.1 11.5 31.9 23.7 10.6 28.2 23.7 87.2 5.0 19*.3 16.0 51.5 14.6 5,560.2 6 .4 219.2 1,738.3 484.2 1,234.6 *39.8 774.8 662.9 5,504.1 6 .4 224.4 1,753.7 401.7 1,189.0 440.0 780.5 628.4 5.560.3 6.3 2 1 7 .h 1,772.7 46l.O 1.232.3 *38.9 761.8 649.9 NORTH CAROLINA Charlotte T ota l............................... . Contract construction Manufacturing........... Trans. and pub. u t i l . Trade............................... Finance........................... Service 1 / .......... . Government...................... 89.2 5.2 22.4 88.8 27.2 5.7 10.7 7 .* 26.6 9.8 26.7 5.7 10.7 7.3 10.4 7.1 3,609.9 1.7 3,567.1 1.7 113.1 958.4 325.7 3,657.7 Greensboro-High Point Manufacturing............... 42.0 42.0 42.2 Winston-Salem Manufacturing............... 37.2 37.3 35.9 22.2 1.8 2.1 22.5 21.3 2.3 112.1 944.8 327.5 862.3 355.1 576.2 430.2 228.1 9.7 114.0 10.0 42.3 6.9 23.6 21.6 830.0 355.3 578.6 404.3 225.2 10.7 114.5 10.0 40.4 6 .9 23.8 19.O 153.9 7.2 63.5 10.7 35.2 151.8 8.3 63.5 10.7 32.6 16.1 14.7 16.1 l 4 .o 6.6 6.6 1.8 112.7 991.7 328.2 869.5 356.3 572. ■25 ! 4 425. 225.7 9.3 113.5 9.8 42.2 6.7 23.1 21.1 146.3 5.9 59.1 10.8 33.* 6.3 16.1 14.7 NORTH DAKOTA Fargo T ota l............................... . Contract con stru ction Manufacturing................ Trans. and pub. u t i l ., Trade............................... . Finance........................... , Service l / ...................... Government..................... . 10.6 2.3 5.5 22.5 10.5 2.2 2.2 22.8 5.* 1.6 2.1 8.2 8.0 1.5 3.1 3.2 1.5 3.1 3.1 2.3 7 .9 1 .5 2 .9 3 .0 OHIO Akron Manufacturing..............., 9*.3 85.1 9*. 5 Canton Manufacturing................ 65.2 65.* 65.* Cincinnati Manufacturing................ 166.1 166.2 165.8 Cleveland Manufacturing................ 316.5 313.5 322.3 See footnotes at e n d of table. 416890 0- 57 -5 19 Area Employment T a b l e A -7: E m p l o y e e s in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, b y industry division - C o n t i n u e d Area and industry d ivision (in thousands) Number of employees Area and Industry >6 _ 1955 191 d ivision Dec. Nov. Dec. 1$'55------ 1956 Dec. Nov. Dec. Dayton Manufacturing................... 102.5 102.3 104.8 Harrisburg-Continued Trans. and pub. u t i l ., Trade............................... . Finance........................... S erv ice........................... . Government....................., Toledo Manufacturing................... 63.0 6I.O 66.9 Lancaster Manufacturing................ 45.2 45.4 46.1 I I 6.5 I I 6.4 109.8 Philadelphia Manufacturing................ 553.5 548.4 550.4 866.4 843.8 19.2 50.7 19.2 832.8 18 .1 341.7 51.4 341.7 4 l.8 326.6 7 1.7 174.5 71.9 163.3 27.5 95.7 85.4 27.3 95.6 73.4 72.2 172.6 26.9 91 .O 83.6 Reading Manufacturing................ 51.4 51.7 53.4 OHIO-Continued Columbus 79*8 Youngstown 79.6 76.3 OKLAHOMA Oklahoma C ity Contract co n stru ctio n ... Manufacturing................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade.................................. 147.4 8 .0 9 .8 1U6.2 8 .0 10.4 146.2 7.8 10.0 16.7 10.9 16.8 16 .7 *0.5 8 .1 17.4 35.9 38.6 8.1 Service.............................. ©lisa T o ta l.................................. Mining................................ Contract con struction .•• 134.8 13.2 Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade.................................. OREGON Portland T o tal.................................. Contract con struction .. . Manufacturing................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . 11.4 40.6 7 .9 17.5 17.4 35.8 34.7 134.3 9.8 35.0 13.2 10.1 35.2 13.9 13.9 32.4 6.3 31.1 6.3 16.4 16.5 8 .0 8.1 131.3 13.3 30.8 Wilkes-Barre— Hazleton Manufacturing................ 37.7 37.4 39.4 7.6 York Manufacturing................ 45.9 45.8 45.2 293.2 292.5 15.8 139.4 13.7 53.5 12.8 298.2 6 .1 15.5 67.8 13 .O 67.3 33.1 37.1 33.5 34.7 32.5 34.8 12.7 59.4 30.2 12.6 PENNSYLVANIA Allentown-BethlehemEaston 101.0 Erie 45.6 45.9 41.5 Harrisburg Contract co n stru ctio n ... See footnotes at end of talD 20 143.2 .4 8 .0 35.9 ie . 143.2 .5 9.0 35.9 5.7 12.1 39.9 31.9 30.1 100.5 5.9 12.6 39.6 31.5 70.7 13 .O 100.0 25.2 5.9 12.6 39.7 Scranton Manufacturing................ 249.5 60.8 14.8 25.1 7 .8 35.2 13.1 32.7 255.4 14.2 62.0 30.2 257.9 13 . I Finance.............................. 1 1 .0 Pittsburgh T ota l............................... . Mining.............................. Contract construction, Manufacturing................ Trans. and pub. u t i l ., Trade............................... . Finance............................ S erv ice....................... Government...................... 14.6 26.2 14.5 i4 o .o .4 7 .4 34.5 RHODE ISLAND Providence T ota l............................... . Contract construction, Manufacturing................ Trans• and pub. u t i l ., Trade............................... . Finance........................... . Service 1 / ...................... Government. • .. •............ SOUTH CAROLINA Charleston T ota l............................... . Contract construction, Manufacturing................ Trans • and pub. u t i l ., Trade................................. Finance........................... . Service 1 ................ Government..................... . G reenville Manufacturing................ 14.4 138.4 13.6 56.1 12.8 26 . I 31.8 55.8 3.8 9.7 4.7 l4 .l 2.1 1W* 143.0 13.9 57.2 30.4 12 .1 26.6 31.0 55.1 3.8 54.4 3.7 26.9 9.6 10.0 4.7 4.9 16.6 16.6 4 .2 13.6 2.0 4 .9 16.3 30.8 30.8 3O.9 13.5 2.1 4 .9 Area Employment T a b le A -7 : E m ployees in n o n a g ric u ltu ra l establishm ents, fo r selected areas, b y industry division - C o n tin u e d (In thousands) Ar e a and industry d ivision Number o f employees 1956 _ _ 1955 Dec. Nov. Dec. SOUTH DAKOTA Sioux F a lls T o t a l ..................... Contract construction. Manufacturing............... Trans. and pub. u t i l .. Trade.............................. Finance........................... Service ..................... Government..................... jJ TENNESSEE Chattanooga T o ta l.............................. Mining............................ Contract construction. Manufacturing............... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . Trade.............................. Finance........................... S ervice.......................... Government..................... Knoxville 3/ Total. Mining............................ Contract construction. Manufacturing............... Trans. and pub. u t i l •. Trade..................... . Finance........................... Service........................... Government..................... Memphis T o ta l.......................... Mining......................... Contract con stru ction .. . Manufacturing............. Trans, and pub. u t i l . Trade............... ............ Finance......................... S ervice......................... Government................... N ashville T o ta l.................................. Mining................................ Contract co n stru ctio n ... Manufacturing................... Trans, and pub. u t i l . . . . Trade.................................. Finance.............................. S ervice.............................. Government........................ UTAH S alt Lake C ity T o ta l.......................... Mining......................... 23.7 1.3 5.2 2.2 8.1 1.3 3.5 2.1 2*. 3 1.6 5 .* 2.2 8.1 1 .* 3.5 2.1 93.2 .1 3 .* *3.8 5.6 18.5 *•3 9.0 8.7 93.0 .1 3.6 *3 .9 5.7 18 .I *.3 9.1 8 .* 120.1 2.3 7.3 *3.6 7.7 118 .7 28.5 2.7 11.5 16.7 19 1 .* .3 8 .2 * 5.8 16.8 59.* 8 .1 2*. 3 28.7 135.6 .3 7.5 37.8 12.9 33.6 8.6 19 .* 15.5 122.3 7-6 2.3 7.5 **.2 7.7 26.9 2.7 11.5 I6.I 2*. 3 1.5 5.2 2.2 8.7 1 .* 3.2 2.1 96. I .1 3.9 *6.2 5.5 18.7 S erv ice................................. 37.1 7.3 1*.8 35.2 7.2 1*.8 12.5 35.3 7 .2 1*.2 15.9 15.2 15.6 16.8 16.8 16.5 * .3 1 .* *.6 3.1 3.7 * .2 1 .* *.5 3.1 3.7 * .0 1 .* * .6 3 .0 3 .9 13.2 8 .* .6 1.6 1 .0 1.6 13.1 8.3 .6 1.6 1 .0 1.6 12.8 8 .2 .6 1.6 16 * . 1 161.2 .2 .2 I 2.7 I 5.5 I 7.7 *6.3 6 .9 I 7.2 *7.6 12.9 15.5 17 .7 156.0 .2 10.3 1 5 .1 17 .2 * 2.9 16.5 16.3 57.* 59.0 .3 9.6 *6.1 17.2 *6 .7 1 6 .1 *7.6 8.0 2* . 5 27.1 I 66. I .3 12.0 *0.1 I 5.9 * * .* I 2.9 I 7.9 22.6 163 .* 160.2 .3 39.7 .3 11.1 39.* 15.9 15 .7 13*.6 .3 8.6 37.5 12.8 32.3 8.6 133.5 12.9 18.0 2 1.7 *2.1 12.6 1 7 .* 21.6 19.3 15.5 18.9 15.3 .3 7 .2 38.6 12.9 32.2 8 .2 320.6 1*.9 9*.0 27 .* 31* . 6 15.6 302.2 I 3.3 118 .* 7.5 8.5 I 8.9 12.9 8 .2 17 .9 VERMONT Burlington Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Other nonmanufacturing. . S p rin g field Other nonmanufacturing.. 16.9 120.3 7.6 Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . 119.5 190.7 2*.2 28.6 8 .0 18.7 12.9 Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . 2 .2 6 .* *5.1 7 .6 28. I 2.6 11.3 Number o f employees 1956 1955 Dec. Dec. Nov. Salt Lake City-Continued Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . * .0 9.3 8.6 I 89.9 .3 8.3 * 6 .1 8.1 Area and industry d iv is io n 1.0 1.6 VIRGINIA Norfolk-Portsmouth Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ... Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . S e r v ic e ................................ h k .l 6 .9 6 .6 Richmond Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Government........................... 12.3 *2.6 WASHINGTON Seattle Contract c o n s tr u c tio n .. . Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . 80.8 18 .* 37.3 * 7.8 9 2 .ó 27 .* 77.1 18.5 37.5 *5 .9 81.6 26.7 79.6 17.8 36.2 *7.0 S ee footnotes at e n d of table. 21 Area Employment T ab le A -7 : Em ployees in n o n ag ric u ltu ral establishm ents fo r selected areas, by industry division - C o ntinued Area and industry division WASHINGTON- Continued Spokane ToTal"............................... Contract construction, Manufacturing................ Trans. and pub. u t i l ., Trade............................... . Finance........................... . Service 1 / ...................... Government...................... Tacoma T o ta l............................... . Contract construction , Manufacturing................ Trans. and pub. u t i l ., Trade................................. Finance............................. Service l / ...................... Government...................... WEST VIRGINIA Charleston T ota l............................... . Mining............................... Contract construction , Manufacturing................ Trans. and pub• u t i l . « Trade................................. Finance............................. Serv ice............................. Government....................... Wheeling-Steubenville T ota l................................. Mining............................... Contract construction , Manufacturing................ l/ 2/ 3/ 5/ 5/ 0/ 7/ 8/ (in thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1956 1955 division Nov. Dec. Dec. 76.2 77.1 k .l l4 .6 8.6 22.7 3.6 11.8 11.7 *.7 I 5 .O 8.7 21.3 3.6 11.8 11.1 75.8 3.8 75.6 *•3 16.3 16.8 6.8 6.8 17 .O 2.9 8.9 17.7 3.0 8.7 19.5 93.9 10.2 4.2 18.9 76.3 3.9 17 .I 7.2 Finance................................. Serv ice................................. Government........................... 195 6 ...ÜQY.j—■, ___ EgSLm____ 9 .? 9.3 20.5 19.8 3.0 10.2 7.7 3.0 10.6 7.2 443.4 23.7 436.0 9.7 21.2 3.0 10.3 7.5 WISCONSIN Milwaukee Contract c o n s tru ctio n ... Manufactur ing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . 18.0 2.8 8.3 Dec. 196.9 193.8 28.5 93.* 28.4 19.9 Government........................... 19.0 25.4 89.0 19.9 432.6 22.4 I 92.3 29 .O 90.4 I 9.3 42.9 36.3 44.7 36.5 44.4 35.0 42.1 2.2 21.5 1.7 8 .0 .8 *.3 3.6 41.6 2.3 21.5 7.7 .8 4.2 3 .* 8.2 3.3 1.3 1.8 1.8 4.2 .5 2.1 3 .* 1.4 1.8 1.8 4.1 .5 2.1 3.5 1.1 1 .8 1.8 3.8 .5 Racine 91.7 10.3 *.3 25.7 25.8 10.8 21.1 3.2 8 .4 10.4 11.0 115 .1 5.9 5.1 53.7 75.7 3.* 14.7 8.3 22.4 4.0 11.6 11.3 WheelingSteubenville - Continued Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . Number of employees 19.0 3.2 8.5 9.8 114.9 5.9 5.2 54.2 92.3 10.2 3.5 25.I 10.6 21.4 3.2 8.3 10.2 I I 8 .I Contract c o n s tru ctio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t il Finance................................. Service 1 / ........................... Government........................... 2.0 23.6 1.7 .8 4.0 3.6 WYOMING Casper Contract c o n s tru ctio n .. . Manufacturing..................... Trans. and pub. u t i l . . . . 6.0 4.8 55.8 1 .7 43.8 Finance................................. 1 .9 Includes mining. Not a v a ila b le . Revised s e r ie s ; not s t r i c t l y comparable with previously published data, In a d dition to Cobb, DeKalb, and Fulton Counties, Georgia, the area d e fin itio n now includes Clayton County, Georgia. Data not comparable p rio r to January 1956. Includes government. Includes mining and government. Includes mining and fin an ce. Subarea o f New York-Northeastern New Jersey. -22 Women in Industry Table A -8 : W om en em p lo yees in m an u factu rin g industries October 1956 July 1956 October 1955 Industry Number ( in thou sands ) Percent of total employment Number ( in thou sands ) MANUFACTURING......................... *,555-9 26 4,247.5 26 *,537.* 27 DURABLE GOODS............................................. NONDURABLE GOODS..................... ................ 1,822.5 2,733.* 18 38 1 ,699.4 2,548.1 18 36 1,787.5 2,7*9.9 18 38 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES............... 24.1 18 24.5 19 27.1 20 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS.............. *53.8 27 387.9 24 442.7 27 78.3 23 21 76.6 23 22 *9 79.2 23 Dairy products................................................ Canning and preserving................................. Grain-mill products....................................... 24.2 22 153.0 *7 15 Sugar.................................................................. 63.3 *.3 *8.5 18.2 Miscellaneous food products....................... 37.0 21 10 55 12 27 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.................. 69.* 16.6 27 .* 26.4 106.4 18.8 Percent of total employment 39 15 51 49.1 56 75.1 59 52 15.3 31.5 3.1 *5 2.9 4.0 46 79 42 33 25.2 *3 5* 44 440.1 *3 472.1 44 48.5 15.8 25.8 Tobacco stemming and redrying................... 2.9 *9 79 *3 22.5 TEXTI LE-MILL PRODUCTS......... ........ *5*.9 Knitting m ills................................................. Dyeing and finishing t e x t i l e s ................... Carpets, rugs, other floor c overin gs.... Hats (except cloth and m illin ery)............ Miscellaneous te x t ile goods....................... APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS............................ Men's and boys’ furnishings and work clothing.......................................................... 176.0 16.3 15*. 7 18.9 12.6 4.4 Millinery............ ......... .................................... 39 55 68 22 25 1.0 52.2 172.4 15.3 1*7.3 17.8 11.9 5* 68 22 25 15 58.3 *5 17.2 39 56 181.9 19.4 889.2 77 966.4 78 63 74.2 64 75.2 62 84 253.2 265.9 103.9 10.8 59.2 3.2 43.2 75.6 84 79 87 68 84 25 75 269.2 80 85 80 29 955.0 78 76.7 263.* 287.0 3-6 *9.3 86.5 39 .9 80 29 18.3 13.3 15 44 24.9 68 22 24 41 30 4.8 17.* 61.2 Miscellaneous apparel and accessories... Other fabricated t e x t ile products............ 16 44 22.4 39 114.0 15 37.6 58 1.0 19.0 62.4 4.2 Percent of total employment 22 10 55 12 27 60.7 3.1 35.6 36.2 52.7 24.2 144.7 21 11 10 25 26.1 Number (in thou sands ) 87 71 85 27 77 65 38 63 156.8 19.5 12.9 5.2 287.4 111.9 14.6 62.2 3.5 49.8 92.6 88 71 86 25 77 67 Women in Industry T a b le A -8 : W o m en em ployees in m a n u fa c tu rin g industries - C o n tin u e d October 1956 Industry LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURNITURE).,................................................ Number ( in thou sands ) Percent of total employment July 1956 October 1955 Number ( in thou sands ) Percent of total employment Number (in thousands ) Percent of total employment *6.6 6 *8.* 6 17 * *7-7 7 2.0 13.3 * 13 .* 2 3 21 1*.Q 10.2 10.7 11.0 8 19 19 10.* IO.7 10 .* 8 10.8 Wooden containers.......................................... Miscellaneous wood products....................... 19 19 10.8 IO .7 7 19 19 FURNITURE AND FIXTURES................................ 68.0 18 63.7 18 66.8 17 Household furniture...................................... Office, public-building, and profes sional furniture.......................................... Partitions, shelving, lockers, and 46.* 18 * 3.7 17 * 6.3 17 6.1 12 5.9 12 5 .8 13 10 Logging camps and contractors................... Sawmills and planing m ills ......................... Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated 2 2 * .6 11 * .0 11 *.2 10.9 38 10.1 36 IO.5 37 129.6 23 125.2 2? I 29 .* 23 32.5 **.3 32.0 11 *1.2 52.0 28 52.8 11 29 39 39 3I.O * * .9 53.5 11 29 *0 PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES................................................... 2*3.8 28 233.O 28 233.3 28 Newspapers........................................................ 58.9 18 58.O 27.9 25 . I 56.9 18 ** *6 56.2 29 .O 17.6 26 28 18 ** •*5 6* *3 Screens, blinds, and miscellaneous PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.......................... Pulp, paper, and paperboard m i lls ............ 30.2 25 .O 60.0 18.9 13.2 *5 *6 27 29 20.8 ** 11.8 20.0 16.8 2* I 5 .7 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS................... 15 O.I 18 Industrial inorganic chemicals................. 9.1 *5 .* 37.3 8 1* 39 11.1 11.0 .5 2 .0 3.3 30.* 22 15 6 6 7 PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.................. Petroleum r efinin g........................................ Coke, other petroleum and coal products. Lithographing.................................................. Greeting cards................................................ Bookbinding and related industries.......... Miscellaneous publishing and printing Drugs and medicines....................................... Soap, cleaning and polishing prepara- Vegetable and animal o ils and fa t3 .......... Ik 65 23.7 56.5 19 .* I 3.2 26 19.8 30 6* ** 23 I 5.5 23 I 5I . I 18 1*8.2 18 9.6 * 6 .0 9 15 39 9.6 **.8 9 1* 39 37.7 35.9 .5 29 2 .1 3 .0 29.9 22 15 6 7 8 29 .5 2.2 3.2 29.7 23 15 6 6 7 30 I 7.2 7 17.6 7 I 6.9 7 1*.0 3.2 7 6 I*» 3 3.3 7 7 13.8 3.1 7 6 10.9 11.* 11.6 10.7 W om en in Ind ustry Tab le A - 8: W om en em ployees in m an u factu rin g industries - C ontinued October 1956 Industry Number (in thou sands ) RUBBER PRODUCTS....................... Percent of total employment July 1956 Number (in thou sands ) October 1955 Percent of total employment Number (in thou sands ) Percent of total employment 27 69.2 26 72.1 26 17.5 16 39.7 15 51 31 18.5 **.3 15 51 32 12.2 *1 .* 51 30 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS........... 185*2 50 186.3 51 193.7 51 Leather: tanned, curried, and finished.. Industrial leather belting and packing.. Boot and shoe cut stock and fin d in g s .... 5.5 12 59 5.7 1.9 7.0 136.6 8.3 23.5 10.7 13 38 60 5.3 1.5 6.9 133.7 7.7 20.1 11.1 12 1.6 56 *8 70 58 9*. 5 17 2.1 6 32 Tires and inner tubes................................... 18.0 12.1 6.9 129.* 35 *1 56 *8 69 12.0 33 *0 56 Luggage.............................................................. Handbags and small leather goods.............. Gloves and miscellaneous leather goods.. 7.3 23.0 11.5 STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS........ 9*. 5 16 88.7 16 Plat gla ss........................................................ Glass and glassware, pressed or blown... Glass products made of purchased gla ss.. 2.1 32.* *.9 1.1 6.* 19.3 7.1 .8 6 32 1.7 29.5 *.0 1.1 6.7 5 32 2* 3 8 3* 6 Structural clay products............................. Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products.. Cut-stone and stone products..................... Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES............... Nonferrous foundries..................................... Miscellaneous primary metal industries.. FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)........................... Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware............ Heating apparatus (except e le c tr ic ) and Fabricated structural metal products.... Metal stamping, coating, and engraving.. Lighting fix tu r e s ........................................... Miscellaneous fabricated metal products. 67 31.6 *.9 28 2 8 35 6 * 1.0 6.5 19.2 7.1 .8 20.0 21 21.3 22 6 69.3 7 75.6 6 25.3 10.* * * 17.7 10.* 6 5 23.5 10.1 * * 2.3 3 2.3 3 2.0 3 1.1 8 1.1 8 1.1 8 10.1 11.* 10.1 17.0 9 1* 10 10.6 17 .1 9 1* 12 10.5 11.5 16.9 9 15 11 207.9 18 192.* 18 220.2 19 1*.2 *3.8 2* 30 1*.8 39.2 2* 29 15.1 *6.9 25 30 1*.6 23.7 12 7 21 32 2* 22 13.9 23.* *6.5 13.7 13.6 27.3 12 8 21 31 25 22 15.9 21.3 57.0 12 7 23 31 25 23 3 7 35 6 17.6 * 7.* .7 20.k 21 77.6 Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals......................................... Secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous m e t a l s . . . . . ............................... Rolling, drawing, and alloying of 26 *9 *1 52.0 15.9 1*.6 29.1 16.2 15.3 32.5 * Women in Industry Tab le A -8 : W om en em ployees in m an u factu rin g industries - C ontinued October 1956 July 1956 October 1955 Percent of total employment Number Percent of total employment Number (in thou sands ) Percent of total employment MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL).......... 242.7 14 239.2 l4 229.5 l4 Engines and turbines.................................... Agricultural machinery and tracto rs........ Construction and mining machinery........... Metalworking machinery................................. Special-industry machinery (except metalworking machinery)............................. General industrial machinery..................... Office and store machines and devices... Service-industry and household machines. Miscellaneous machinery parts................... 11.5 12.9 13.1 3*. 6 l4 10 8 12 10.9 13.6 13.1 34.7 l4 10 8 12 10.7 14.7 11 .7 32.3 14 10 8 12 22.0 36.1 36.2 27.3 49.0 11 13 28 15 18 21.5 36.1 34.5 28.1 46.7 11 13 27 15 17 20.6 33.0 30.8 27.6 48.1 11 13 27 15 18 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY.................. 499.5 40 *59.1 38 478.4 40 124.5 19.3 5-3 27.9 22.2 281.5 18.8 29 36 22 38 68 48 35 120.2 17.4 4.8 23.1 22.3 254.0 17.3 29 35 21 35 69 46 35 116.3 17.5 5.1 30.0 20.4 269.9 19.2 29 35 22 37 70 46 36 224.9 13 212.1 12 218.8 12 Aircraft and pa rts........................................ Ship and boat building and re p a irin g .... Railroad equipment......................................... Other transportation equipment................. 78.1 135.* 4.6 *.7 2.1 11 16 4 8 19 73.0 127.9 *.5 *•9 1.8 10 16 3 8 18 91.4 116.4 4.4 *.9 1 .7 11 16 4 8 17 INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS....... 122.6 36 1 1 7 .* 35 118.3 36 19.1 27 17.4 26 15.7 26 28.6 *•5 19.7 12.6 19.3 18.8 33 32 46 *5 29 53 27.6 4.6 19.0 12.5 19.3 17.0 33 3* *5 45 29 51 29.0 *.5 18.2 1 1 .9 18.5 20.5 35 33 44 44 29 MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES... 213.0 41 186.4 39 209.9 4l Jewelry, silverware, and plated w are.... 22.5 4.3 53-0 16.8 34.6 30.8 51.0 42 22 51 51 5* 3* 33 19.6 3.9 44.2 15.3 31.9 27.4 44.1 4l 22 *7 49 53 33 31 23.4 4.3 47.0 16.2 36.9 29.7 52.4 *3 23 49 52 55 3* 3* Industry Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus. E lectrical appliances................................... Insulated wire and cable............................. E le ctrical equipment for vehicles............ Communication equipment............................... Miscellaneous e le c tr ic a l products........... TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.............. (in thou sands ) : Number (in thou sands ) Laboratory, s c i e n t i fi c , and engineering Mechanical measuring and controlling instruments.................................................... Optical instruments and lenses................. Surgical,medical, a dental instruments Ophthalmic goods.... ............................. Toys and sporting goods............................... Pens, pencils, other office su p p lies.... Costume jewelry, buttons, notions............ Other manufacturing industries................. 26 5b Labor Turnover Table B-lt Monthly labor turnover rates in manufacturing, by class of turnover (Per 100 employeesJ Jan. Feb. Mar. 1948. 1949« 1950. 1951. 1952. 1953. *1954. 1955. 1956. 4.6 3 .2 3.6 5.2 4.4 4.4 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.9 2.9 3.2 4.5 3.9 4.2 2.5 3.2 3 .1 4.0 3.0 3.6 4.6 3-9 4.4 2.8 3.6 3.1 1948. 1949. 1950. 1951. 1952, 1953. 1954. 1955. 1956. *.3 4.6 3.1 4.1 3.8 *•3 2.9 3.6 4.7 4.1 3.0 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.5 2.5 3.6 *•5 4.8 2.9 4.1 3.7 4.1 3.7 3.0 3.5 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953. 1954. 1955. 1956, 2.6 1.7 1.1 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.1 1.0 1.4 2.5 1.4 1.0 2.1 1.9 2.2 1.0 1.0 1.3 2.8 1.6 1.2 2.5 2.0 2.5 1.0 1.3 1.4 1948, 1949. 1950, 1951. 1952, 1953. 1954. 1955. 1956. O.k 0.4 .3 .2 .3 .3 .4 .2 .2 .3 0.4 .3 .2 .3 .3 .4 .2 .2 .3 1948. 1949. 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953. 1954. 1955. 1956 1 .2 2.5 1.7 1.0 .9 2.8 1.5 1.7 1.7 2.3 1.7 .8 1.3 .8 2.2 1.1 1.8 1.2 2.8 1.4 .8 1.1 .8 2.3 1.3 1.6 1948, 1949. 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953. 1954. 1955. 1956 0.1 .1 .1 .7 .4 .4 .3 .3 .2 0.1 .1 .1 .6 .4 .4 .2 .2 .2 0.1 .1 .1 .5 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 k.O .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 •3 l.k Apr. May July Aug. accession 5.0 5.7 4.7 4.4 4.4 3-5 4.8 6.6 4.7 4.2 4.9 4.5 4.4 4.9 5.9 4.1 5.1 *•3 3.5 2.9 3.3 3.4 4.3 4.5 4.2 3.8 3.3 separation 4.4 4.5 5.1 4.7 4.8 3.8 4.0 4.3 2.8 4.2 3.0 2.9 4.4 4.6 4.3 5-3 4.1 5.0 4.6 3-9 4.8 4.2 4.3 *.3 3.8 3.1 3.1 3.5 3.2 3.4 4.0 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.9 Quit 2.8 3.4 3.0 2.9 2.9 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.5 * 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.7 2.9 1.3 2.4 2.8 2.7 2.5 3.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 3.0 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.9 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.6 2.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.2 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 Discha3■'ce 0.4 O.k O.k 0.4 0.3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .4 .2 .3 .3 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 Layoff 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.8 2.8 2.1 3-3 2.5 1.1 .6 .6 1.2 .9 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.1 l .i 2.2 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.1 .9 .9 1.3 2.4 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.3 Miscellaneo!is. includine militar:' 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 •3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 4.0 2.9 3*5 4.5 3.7 4.3 2.4 3.5 3.3 Totiil 4.1 3.5 4.4 *.5 3-9 4.1 2.7 3.8 3.4 Totiil 4.3 5.2 3.1 4.8 3.9 4.4 3.3 3.2 3.7 June Sept. Annual aver age Oct. Nov. Dec. 5.1 4.1 5.7 *•3 5.6 4.0 3.* 4.4 4.1 4.5 3.7 5.2 4.4 5.2 3.3 3.6 4.1 4.2 3.9 3.3 4.0 3*9 4.0 2.7 3-3 3.3 3.0 2.7 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.3 2.1 2.5 2.5 2.2 4.4 3.5 4.4 4.4 4.4 3.9 3.0 3.7 3-* 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 5.4 4.2 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.2 3.9 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.1 4.3 4.7 4.2 4.5 3-3 3.5 3.5 4.1 4.0 3.8 4.3 3.5 4.2 3.0 3.1 3.3 b-3 3.2 3.6 3.5 3.4 4.0 3.0 3.0 2.8 4.6 4.3 3.5 4.4 4.1 4.3 3*5 3.3 3.5 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 3.9 2.1 3.4 3.1 3-5 3.1 1.8 2.8 2.6 2.8 1.5 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.1 1.2 1.8 1.7 2.2 1.2 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.5 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.7 .9 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.1 .9 1.1 1.0 2.8 1.5 1.9 2.4 2.3 2.3 1.1 1.6 1.6 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 O.k .2 .4 .3 .4 .4 .2 .3 .3 0.4 .2 .4 .4 .4 .4 .2 .3 .3 0.4 .2 .3 .3 .4 .3 .2 .3 .3 0.3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 0.4 .2 .3 .3 .3 .4 .2 .3 .3 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1.0 1.8 .7 1.3 .7 1.5 1.7 1.1 1.4 1.2 2.3 .8 1.4 .7 1.8 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.5 1.1 1.7 .7 2.3 1.6 1.2 1.5 2.2 *2.0 1.3 1.5 1.0 2.5 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.3 2.4 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.9 1.2 1.5 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 0.1 .1 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 0.1 .1 .4 .4 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 0.1 .1 .3 .4 .3 .3 .1 .2 .2 0.1 .1 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 0.1 .1 .2 .5 .3 •3 .2 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 Year ' .2 .2 .2 Labor Turnover T a b le B-2: M o n th ly la b o r turnover rates in selected industries (Per 100 e m p l o y e e s ) Total accession rate Industry Dec. Nov. 1956 1956 Separation Total Quit Dec. Nov. Dec. Nov. 1956 1956 1956 1956 rate Discharge Layoff Misc., incl. military Dec. Nov. 1956 1956 Dec. Nov. 1956 1956 Dec. Nov. 1956 1956 MANUFACTURING 1/....................... 2.2 3.0 2.8 3.3 1.0 1.3 0.2 0.3 1.4 1.5 0.2 0.2 l / .................................................. 2.3 1.9 3.1 2.8 2.8 2.7 3.3 3.1 .9 1.0 1.3 1.4 .2 .2 .3 .2 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.4 .2 .1 .2 .2 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES........................... (2/) 2.9 (2 /) 3.3 (2/) 1.1 (2 /) .2 (2/) 1.8 (2/) .3 3.9 2.0 2.8 4.0 * .9 2.2 2.6 4.2 3-8 3A 4.1 1.0 .6 .7 1.5 1.3 *.3 .2 .2 •3 .2 •3 .3 .3 .4 2.7 3.9 1.0 .8 2.3 2.3 1.8 1.6 .1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1 .1 D U R A B LE GOODS NO NDURABLE G O O D S .................................................. FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS......................... 2.3 2.3 2.2 1.7 Beverages: .9 1.1 2.0 (2/) *.3 (2/) *.7 (2/) •5 (2/) .1 (2/) 4.0 (2/) .1 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.................................. .8 1.9 .7 3.2 1.0 2.1 1.6 2.7 1.4 .7 2.2 .6 .2 .1 .3 .2 .2 .2 .7 .1 1.4 .1 .2 .1 .1 Ü /) .4 •5 .3 .3 .1 .1 C i g a r s ............................................. 1.8 1.1 2.8 .9 .7 .9 .5 3.1 2.9 2.4 2.3 2.5 5.7 5.5 2.6 .2 .2 .2 1 .6 1.4 .9 1.5 .1 .1 6.9 3A 2.9 3.6 3.1 7.0 3.5 2.1 2.3 3.* TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS................................ 1 .8 2.7 2.0 1.9 Woolen a n d w o r s t e d .......................... 2 .6 1 .2 Pull fashioned h o s i e r y ..................... .9 1.4 1 .1 D y e i n g and f i n i s h i n g Car p e t s , rugs, o t h e r t e x t i l e s ............ floor coverings... .6 2.9 3.3 3.0 2.9 4.2 2.4 2 .1 2.9 1.5 1 .6 2 .6 1.4 .5 1.7 1.4 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 1 .6 .1 .3 1 .1 1.5 1 .5 1 .5 .1 .1 1 .1 1.4 .1 .9 (2/) 1 .2 (2 /) .3 (2 /) 1 .1 1 .6 1.2 1 .6 1 .6 1 .1 1 .1 .7 1.4 1.4 1.0 •9 1.6 4.1 *.3 .2 .2 .3 .3 (2 /) 1 .0 5.6 .3 (2/) 1 .1 2 .8 (2/) (2/) 1.7 (2/) (2/) 3A 4.4 2.9 1.9 3.7 4.1 1.6 .1 .2 .2 1 .1 1 .0 2.2 I .9 .1 2.0 1.7 2.5 3.0 3.7 1.8 2.1 .2 .2 2.2 * .9 5.8 5.7 6.1 .2 .k 5 .1 1 .5 .3 .1 .3 *.9 .9 1.1 .9 2.0 13.5 1.7 3.2 8.0 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.9 5.0 1 .0 1 .1 1 .8 2.7 2.8 4.8 5.3 3.5 1 .0 1 .1 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.3 .9 1.4 1.7 1.2 1.7 2 .3 1.2 2.8 2.0 1.2 2.9 l.k .9 .5 1 .3 P u l p , p a p e r , a n d p a p e r b o a r d m i l l s ....... P a p e r b o a r d c o n t a i n e r s a n d b o x e s .......... 3.9 1 .5 .7 2.1 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.................. 1 .1 1 .6 1 .2 1.4 1 .3 1 .8 1 .8 .5 .7 .7 .7 APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS....................................................... 1.9 Men's and boys' furnishings *.3 S a w m i l l s a n d p l a n i n g m i l l s ................. Millwork, plywood, and p r e f a b r i c a t e d FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.............................. 1 .6 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS......................... See inorganic footnotes 28 at e n d Ü /) .5 .1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 (1 /) .1 .1 .2 (1 /) .3 (2 /) (2 /) 1.3 2.0 .1 .1 .3 .1 1 .0 1 .2 .1 .1 3.5 7.8 2.8 .2 .4 3.6 *.3 *.5 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 1 .6 3.5 .2 .2 1 .6 .3 2.6 .3 .2 .4 .4 1.3 1 .6 1 .2 .k 3 .1 1.4 1.6 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .7 .4 .9 .4 1.3 .2 .2 .1 .2 .3 •3 .2 .4 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .8 .8 .1 .2 .2 •5 and work LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURNITURE).................................................. Industrial 1 .0 5.3 1.6 .3 .6 1.7 .9 (2 /) .1 c h e m i c a l s ........... of table. 1 .5 1 .0 1 .2 2.7 .7 •7 I .5 1 .6 1 .0 .8 1 .2 1 .2 1.5 1.7 2.6 1 .1 .3 1 .2 .2 1 .0 1 .2 .8 .4 .3 •7 .6 .8 .2 .1 .1 (1 / ) .1 .2 .1 Ü /) .1 .1 1 .0 .4 •3 - .3 .4 .7 .1 .2 .7 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 Labor Turnover Table B-2! M o n th ly la b o r turnover rates in selected industries-Continued ( P e r 100 e m p l o y e e s ) Total accession rate Industry .....51e p a r a t Total Quit :L o n r a t e Discharge Nov. Dec. 1956 Nov. PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.......... 0.7 .6 0.7 .5 1 .2 .6 1 .1 .6 0.4 .3 0.3 .2 (3/) (3/Ì 0 .1 (I/ ) RUBBER PRODUCTS......................... 1.6 1.2 1.3 2.0 2.1 1.5 2.4 2.4 1.8 1.1 2.2 2.3 2.6 1.4 6.4 3.0 .8 .4 1.2 1.1 1.2 •7 2.6 1-5 .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 .2 .3 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS............ 3.8 2.1 4.1 k .i 2.6 4.6 3.2 1.9 3^ 3.8 3.1 3.9 1.6 .7 1.8 1.9 .8 2.1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1 .2 1.0 .4 1.1 1.6 2.0 1*5 1.3 .4 2.0 1.3 1.9 2.0 1.2 1.5 2.5 2.3 2.3 1.8 3.6 2.4 2.7 2.9 2.1 3.8 2.9 .6 •5 .4 •9 1.1 1.0 .8 .9 1.2 1.5 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .3 .2 .4 1.5 2.0 1.8 2.0 .7 .9 .2 1.3 1.8 1.8 2.1 1.7 1.3 2.3 2.4 2.1 2.3 1.2 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.4 1.* 2.7 3.0 2.5 2.4 .6 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.1 .2 .8 .7 .8 .9 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.1 1.0 2.9 1.5 *•5 2.8 3.0 1.7 4-3 .6 1.4 2.8 3.7 3.1 2.6 2.2 1.8 1.1 1.9 2.0 2.9 2.9 2.0 3.6 2.9 2.9 2.5 1.7 1.7 3.1 2.5 1.1 1.8 2.0 3.3 1.7 2.9 3.5 Leather: Footwear tanned, (except curried, and finished.. r u b b e r ) ..................... STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS......... G l a s s a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s ........... '......... C e m e n t , h y d r a u l i c ............................. . PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES................ Blast furnaces, steel works, Dec. I 956 Nov. Dec. Nov. 1956 1956 1956 0 .7 .2 0.6 .2 0.2 .2 0.2 .2 .7 .9 •5 1 -3 .7 3 .* .8 .9 .2 .1 .2 .2 .3 .3 .2 .3 1.5 .3 .3 .2 .1 .2 .1 1.3 1.4 1.0 2.3 1.0 1.4 1.7 .7 2.2 .8 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .7 .7 .2 .2 .1 .4 .2 .k .4 .3 .3 .4 .3 .9 .9 •5 1.0 .k .3 .9 1.2 .6 .6 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 1.2 .1 .2 .1 .1 .2 .3 A 2.1 .2 .4 .7 1.6 .9 .9 1.2 .3 .3 .2 .3 .8 1.1 .4 .3 1.7 1.0 .2 .3 3.9 3.5 2.9 2.4 4.2 .9 1.1 .7 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.4‘ 1.7 .2 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .4 .3 .3 .4 1.6 .9 .7 .2 1.3 2.0 1.3 1.0 .5 1.7 .2 .2 .1 .2 .3 •3 .3 .1 .2 .4 5.5 6.3 5.5 5.3 .8 •7 1.2 .8 .2 .1 .k k.l 3.7 3.9 .2 .2 .2 .3 5.0 2.3 3.2 5.6 2.7 4.4 •9 .8 .9 1.4 1.1 1.5 .3 3.6 1.0 .2 .2 .1 .2 2.3 .2 •3 Dec. Nov. 1956 1956 1 & 6 Dec. Dec. Nov. M i s c . , incl. military Layof f 1956 19 56 1956 1956 and rolling G r a y - i r o n f o u n d r i e s ........................... M a l l e a b l e - i r o n f o u n d r i e s .................... S t e e l f o u n d r i e s ................................ P r i m a r y smelting and refining of n onferrous metals: P r i m a r y s m e l t i n g a n d r e f i n i n g o f c o pper, l e a d , a n d z i n c ................................ Rolling, drawing, and alloying of nonferrous metals: Rolling, drawing, and alloying of c o p p e r ........................................... O ther primary metal industries: I r o n a n d s t e e l f o r g i n g s ..................... FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORD NANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)............................. C u t l e r y , h a n d t o o l s , a n d h a r d w a r e ........ C u t l e r y a n d e d g e t o o l s ...................... H a n d t o o l s ....................................... H a r d w a r e .......................................... H e a t i n g ap p a r a t u s (except electric) and S a n i t a r y ware and plumbers' supplies... Oil burne r s , n o n e l e c t r i c h e a t i n g and c o oking apparatus, not el s e w h e r e c l a s s i f i e d ...................................... Fabricated structural metal products.... Metal stamping, coating, and engraving.. 2 .2 2.9 .2 .3 .4 .3 .3 5.3 3.5 1.1 1.7 S e e footnotes at end of table. _22_ Labor Turnover Table B-2: M o n th ly la b o r turnover rates in selected in d u strie s-C o n tin u e d (Per Industry Dec. MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)!/......... E n g i n e s a n d t u r b i n e s ................. .......... A g r i c u l t u r a l m a c h i n e r y a n d t r a c t o r s ....... C o n s t r u c t i o n a n d m i n i n g m a c h i n e r y .......... M e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e r y ......................... M a c h i n e t o o l s .................................... Metalworking machinery (except machine t o o l s )............................................. S p e c i a l - i n d u s t r y machinery (except metal w o r k i n g m a c h i n e r y ) ............................. G e n e r a l i n d u s t r i a l m a c h i n e r y ............... Offi c e and store machi n e s and devices S e r v i c e - i n d u s t r y a n d h o u s e h o l d m a c h i n e s l/ M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a c h i n e r y p a r t s ............ . ELECTRICAL MACHINERY.................... Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus.. C o m m u n i c a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ........................ R a d i o s , p h o n o g r a p h s , t e l e v i s i o n sets, a n d e q u i p m e n t ................................... Te le phone, telegraph, and r elated e q u i p m e n t ......................................... E l e c t r i c a l a p p liances, lamps, and m i s c e l l a n e o u s p r o d u c t s .................. ............. TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT 1/.............. A i r c r a f t a n d p a r t s ............................... A i r c r a f t ........................................... A i r c r a f t e n g i n e s a n d p a r t s .................. A i r c r a f t p r o p e l l e r s a n d p a r t s ......... O t h e r a i r c r a f t p a r t s a n d e q u i p m e n t ....... S h i p a n d b o a t b u i l d i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g ..... L o c o m o t i v e s a n d p a r t s ......................... R a i l r o a d a n d s t r e e t c a r s ..................... O t h e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t .............. INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS......... P h o t o g r a p h i c a p p a r a t u s ......................... W a t c h e s a n d c l o c k s ............................... Professional and scientific instruments.. MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES.... Jewelry, See silverware, footnotes at 30 end a n d p l a t e d w a r e ..... of table. 100 e m p l o y e e s ) Total accession rate HOT. Separation Total Dec. JOY. Quit Dec rate Discharge 1TTo y . D e c. Layoff MOV. J>ec. lOV. M i s c . , incl. military "Dèe. lOY. 1956 I956 1956 I956 1956 1?56 1956 1956 1956 I956 1956 I956 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.7 2.6 1.7 2.3 0.7 1.0 .6 1.1 2.4 2.2 .2 .2 1.2 1.6 .2 .2 .3 •9 3.2 5.9 1.4 3.1 .6 .4 .2 .2 .2 1.6 .3 .9 .4 .2 .2 .2 .1 1.8 .3 1.5 I .9 1.3 .7 1.0 .2 .4 1.8 .2 .2 .2 •5 .7 1.1 1.5 2.1 1.7 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .7 1.0 1.5 2.2 1.4 1.5 1.1 1.9 1.6 2.7 1.6 2.3 1.9 2.4 .6 •9 .9 1.5 .2 .3 .3 .3 .6 .9 .6 .5 .2 .2 .1 .1 1.4 1.7 1.9 1.6 1.Ö 1.8 2.4 2.8 3.0 2.4 1.6 1.9 1.2 2.3 1.6 2.4 2.8 2.1 3.2 2.1 .8 .8 .7 .6 .7 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 •3 •3 .2 .2 .2 .5 »7 .2 1.2 .4 .8 1.1 .6 1.7 .6 .1 .2 .1 .3 .2 .2 .2 .1 .3 .2 2.6 3.0 3.3 3.2 '1.3 1.6 .3 .3 1.6 1.0 .2 .2 1.9 (2/) 2.3 3.5 2.2 2.2 (2/) 3.7 1.0 (2/) 1 .1 2.1 .2 (2/) .2 .4 •9 (2/) .7 1.1 .2 (2/) .2 .2 3.0 4.1 4.7 4.9 1.7 2.5 .4 .5 2.5 1.7 .1 .2 (2/) 2.7 (2/) 1.8 (2/) 1.3 (2/) .2 (2/) (2/) .2 4.2 4.6 3.7 •9 1.3 .3 .3 3.2 1.7 .2 .3 3.4 3.8 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.4 3.8 8.4 4.1 5.3 3.5 12.3 1.0 •7 1.0 1.1 .9 (2/) 1.5 (2/) (2/) (2/) 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.8 2.6 1.1 1.0 1.2 2.2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 1.3 1.2 .3 .3 .3 (2/) 1.0 1.5 2.0 .3 .2 .2 .4 .6 .2 .2 .2 (2/) .2 .3 V .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .5 .7 .2 (2/) .3 .3 (3/) .3 .4 (2/) 2.2 9.9 2.5 1.2 (1 /) 5.5 1.8 2.3 1.0 (2/) (2/) .2 (2/) (2/) .2 .2 .1 •3 .2 .6 (2/) (2/) .5 1.0 .4 3.8 1.0 1.1 .6 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.0 2.0 1.4 •3 .2 .3 .3 5.2 .4 3.1 1.5 2.9 3.9 5.1 2.9 4.1 5.9 2.7 2.6 3.3 1.7 2.6 3.4 1.7 2.7 1.5 2.3 (2/) (2/) 3.2 276 4.2 3.1 12.6 (2/) (2/) (2/) (2/) 3.5 (I/) 2.0 (2/) 4.4 4.2 3.5 .8 1.9 11.3 1.9 (2/) % \ 1T7 2.0 1.0 2.2 2.3 1.9 1.3 3.1 2.1 7.0 1.8 1.7 5.6 3-4 (2/) J2// is/) .1 (3/) I .3 4.8 2.4 3.1 2.0 9.5 .8 (2/) (2/) .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .3 .4 1.1 .1 .1 .1 .1 (I/) .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 Labor Turnover T ab le B-2: M o n th ly la b o r turnover rates in selected industries-C ontinued (Per 100 empl o y e e s ) Se p a r a t i o n Total accession rate Industry Dec. Total Nov. Dec. Nov. Dec. rate Discharge Q.U i t Nov. 1956 1956 I956 I956 1956 1956 1.5 .6 1.6 1.6 3.1 .6 3.1 1.9 2.9 3.1 1.7 1.4 3.6 3.1 3.8 2.1 0.9 .3 1.1 .8 ANTHRACITE MINING......................................... (2/) 1.6 (2/) 1.1 (2/) BITUMINOUS-COAL MINING................................ .8 1.0 .6 1.4 .4 Mi s c . , i n c l . military Layoff Nov. Dec. Nov. Dec. Nov. 1956 1956 1956 1956 1956 I956 Dec. HONHA NUFACTURING: METAL MINING ........................................................... Q/) .3 .1 0.4 .1 .3 .1 1.5 2.7 .1 .4 1.0 2.5 .3 .5 0.2 .1 .2 .1 0.3 •3 •5 .2 •9 (2/> (1/) (2/) .1 (2/) .1 •3 (3/) .1 .1 .0 .1 .1 2.0 .3 2.8 1.3 0.3 COMMUNICATION: .1 .3 1.6 (2/) ( 2/) (2/) l o 2 .2 .6 (2/) (2/) 1.1 ( 2/) (1/) (2/) 1.9 1 / O c t o b e r 1956 accession r a t e s have b e e n r e v i s e d a s follows: M a n u f a c t u r i n g -4.2; d u r a b l e goods-4.7; Machinery, except electrical-3.7; service-industry and household machines-9»3; transportation equipment-8.45 and aute»obiles11.7. 2 / Not available. 3/ Less than 0.05. 4/ D a t a relate to domestic employees except m e s s e n g e r s a n d t h o s e compensated entirely on a commission basis. T e l e g r a p h . .4/.......................... (2/) (2/) (2/) 1.5 1.1 (£/) Table B-3: M o n th ly labor turnover rates of men and w om en in selected m anufacturing in du stry grou p s 1/ O c to b e r Industry M e n (rate p e r 100 men) Total Separation accession Total Quit group MANUFACTURING .................................. DURABLE G O O D S ...................................................................... O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ....... . ..................... Lumber and wood products (except furniture)... F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ................................ S t o n e , c l a y , a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s .................... P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ............................. F a b r i c a t e d metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment)..... M a c h i n e r y ( e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ) ....................... E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y ................................... T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ............................. I n s t r u m e n t s a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ........... . M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s .......... NONDURABLE G O O D S ............................................................... F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ............................ T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ................................... T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s .................................. Ap p arel and other finished textile products... P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ............................ C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ....................... P r o d u c t s o f p e t r o l e u m a n d c o a l ..................... R u b b e r p r o d u c t s .......................................... L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ........................ J j T h e s e f i g u r e s are b a s e d on a s l i g h t l y do not r e port s e p a r a t e d a t a for women. smaller 1956 W o m e n (rate per 100 women) Total Separation Total Quit a c cess ion 2.3 4.3 3.9 3.3 1.5 4.9 4.3 3.5 1.6 5.4 4.3 2.3 2.0 1.7 2.1 1.8 1.5 4.4 4.5 4.0 2.5 2.6 3.3 6.4 4.3 3.0 2.3 1.3 2.9 2.3 1.4 1.1 5.3 2.7 3.8 4.8 3.4 4.8 6.8 4.2 4.3 2.5 4.5 3.0 3.5 8.1 2.3 4.2 4.4 2.5 2.5 4.1 2.2 4.1 1.8 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.2 5.6 4.0 5.7 8.2 3.7 6.0 4.3 2.8 4.5 3.4 3.6 7.1 2.1 1.8 2.8 1.9 2.1 3.4 2.7 2.9 1.4 4.4 4.3 2.4 3.7 2.2 3.5 3.4 1.9 1.6 .8 2.6 4.2 4.0 1.7 3.6 4.1 2.0 1.3 1.1 2.4 4.2 1.5 1.1 2.0 2.4 1.4 .7 .5 1.2 2.3 6.9 3.2 3.6 3.7 7.2 3.3 2.7 4.7 4.7 6.8 2.8 3.8 3.9 6.2 3.4 3.0 3.6 4.4 2.7 2.1 1.9 2.6 2.9 1.9 1.6 1.8 2.6 sample than those in t a b l e s B - l and B-2, inasmuch as s o m e f i r m s 31 Table C-1: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees Industry Average weekly earnings Dec. Ho y . Avg. 1956 1956 1956 Average weekly hours Dec* Bov* Avg. 1956 1956 1956 Average hourly earnings Avg. Dec. Do t * 1956 1956 1956 MINING: METAL MINING......................... $100.85 104.25 $96.23 $97.52 43.1 97.44 41.7 100.95 43.7 89.67 42.4 41.3 39-6 41.6 4l.i 42.4 4o.l 43.7 42.1 $2.34 2.50 2.33 2.16 $2.33 2.4S 2*33 2.15 $2*30 2.43 2 .3I 2.13 Lead and zinc mining................ 101.82 91.58 98.21 96.93 88.37 ANTHRACITE........................... 108.04 91.19 87.58 36.5 33.9 33-3 2.96 2.69 2.63 BITUMINOUS-COAL...................... 115.33 106.79 IO5 .9* 38.7 36.2 37.7 2.98 2.95 2.81 CRUDE-PETROLEUM AND NATURAL-GAS PRODUCTION: Petroleum and natural-gas production (except contract services).......... 104.83 101.50 101.68 41.6 40.6 4l.O 2.52 2.50 2 .1»8 NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING...... 85.46 87.22 85.63 43.6 44.5 44.6 1.96 1.96 I .92 CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION.................. 103.49 102.28 101.65 36.7 36.4 37.1 2.82 2.81 2.74 98.67 100.84 95.*1 39-7 4o.6 39.O 40.8 41.8 39.9 2.53 2.31 2.69 2.54 2.35 2A 9 105.30 101.59 39.0 97.39 39-3 104.94 38.7 2.70 2.33 2.63 101.92 36.2 35-7 36.4 2.88 2.87 2.80 NONBUILDING CONSTRUCTION............... 90.78 104.10 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION................. 104.26 102.46 GENERAL CONTRACTORS.................. 96.39 96.21 95-04 35.7 35-5 36.0 2.70 2.71 2.64 110.17 117.87 107.34 107.16 36.6 112.31 38.9 99-81 34.4 125.22 39.7 102.03 35-3 35.9 37.4 33.8 36.7 2.99 3.01 2.91 3.28 2.92 2.92 2.94 2.86 35.3 34.9 39.5 35-8 3.01 3.03 2.92 3.28 2.95 SPECIAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS............. Plumbing and heating................ Painting and decorating.............. Electrical work..................... Other special trade contractors..... . 100.45 MANUFACTURING.......................... 84.05 82.22 80.19 4l.O 40.5 40.5 2.05 2.03 1.98 NONDURABLE GOODS...................... 91.34 74.03 88.99 73.26 86.31 41.9 71.68 39.8 41.2 39.6 4l.l 39.6 2.18 1.86 2.16 1.85 2.10 1.81 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES.............. 96.93 9*-50 91.54 42.7 42.0 41.8 2.27 2.25 2.19 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS............. 78.72 91 .96- 76.04 4l.O 87.99 4l.8 92.OO 42.2 85.28 41.9 7*-30 42.2 75.95 42.5 77 «*6 41.7 62.33 38.1 50.33 31.1 65.99 39-6 80.29 43.2 84.92 44.6 76.83 43.6 73.49 4o.4 74.89 40.6 66.00 39.* 41.3 43.4 43.9 42.2 *2.5 42.5 4l.8 37-2 4l.l 1.92 2.20 2.29 2.10 1.79 1.78 1.89 1.61 1.69 I .91 2«21 2,32 I .85 Condensed and evaporated milk....... 130.22 104.l4 96.64 87.99 75-5* 75.65 78.81 Canning and preserving............... Sea food, canned and cured.......... Canned fruits, vegetables, and soups.. Grain-mill products.... ............ Flour and other grain-mill products... Bread and other bakery products..... Biscuits, crackers, and pretzels.... 61.34 52.56 64.94 112.57 98.36 124.97 103.08 78.88 95.91 IOI.85 88.62 75.65 75.23 78.17 58.03 44.76 61.23 82.51 81.46 88.31 79.35 74.34 75.92 89.20 66.98 77.9* 74.93 77.30 65.13 38.1 26.8 39.0 43.1 44.6 43.3 40.5 40.9 39.O 38.2 41.9 42.2 41.6 42.7 43.9 42.1 39-7 30.5 41.5 43.4 44.0 43.9 40.6 40.7 4o.o 1.64 I .91 1.98 1.82 1.84 1.87 I .70 2.10 1.78 1.77 I .87 1.56 I .67 I .57 I .89 2.00 I .80 I .85 I .89 I .67 3.17 2.85 2.10 2.18 2.05 1.7* 1.73 1.84 I .57 I .65 I .59 I .85 1.93 1.75 1.81 1.84 1.65 Table C -l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS - Continued Sugar................................ Cane-sugar refining.................. Beet sugar........................... Malt liquors......................... Distilled, rectified, and blended Miscellaneous food products............ Corn sirup, sugar, oil, and starch.... TOBACCO MANUFACTURES................... Tobacco stemming and redrying.......... TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS.................. Scouring and combing plants............ Average weekly earnings Bov. Avg. Dec. 1<JS6 1956 1956 62.56 61.20 87*64 67.30 105.3* 82,89 75.17 89.62 72.61 58.76 76.08 50.05 60.13 *9.39 60.30 Pull-fashioned hosiery................ 60.61 5**29 6o.o4 60.68 49.24 50.12 Lace goods........................... Paddings and upholstery filling....... Processed waste and recovered fibers.... Artificial leather, oilcloth, and * * .1 39.9 39.7 *0.1 82.50 38.2 40.8 41.6 41.9 43.6 39.1 41.2 *1.344.2 38.8 38.8 87.36 Narrow fabrics and smallwares.......... Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings.... Wool carpets, rugs, and carpet yarn.... Hats (except cloth and millinery)...... Miscellaneous textile goods............ Pelt goods (except woven felts and 48.9 41.7 49.6 *0.2 *0.1 39.8 *0.* 39.0 *3.5 *2.0 103.08 *7.5 *0.5 49.8 4o.l 4o.o *0.2 *1.8 39.9 181.35 89.66 61.16 58.08 66.65 60.30 Dyeing and finishing textiles.......... Dyeing and finishing textiles (except 1956 «86.06 Cotton, silk, synthetic fiber......... Knit outerwear....................... 1956 85.03 67.23 5*.65 55.18 55.02 59.31 58.34 Seamless hosiery..................... 1956 85.86 88.64 49.24 55-58 48.74 69.55 85.31 62.31 60.95 86.37 63.83 102.57 88.94 75.71 90.50 71.07 55.87 72.85 50.57 58.88 44.01 60.30 67.16 55.32 56.00 5*.24 59.02 58.3* 59.58 58.36 6*.l6 58.59 55.15 60.37 61.20 60.30 *9.37 51.07 49.24 58.05 49.82 70.38 Average weekly hours Ho y . Avg* Dec. 78.9* 61.45 59-55 85.41 64.68 72.51 86.32 69.39 56.26 71.05 48.13 57.13 *6.56 57**2 65.92 52.39 52.53 52.65 56.28 5**80 58.46 54.00 65.16 58.36 53.30 59.1* 59.13 59-21 46.08 *9.27 *5.82 56.30 *1.3 *1.3 *5.1 39.7 *1.8 38.5 38.3 39.2 *0.2 *1.5 39.6 39.7 39.3 *0.9 *0.8 40.5 40.9 41.4 40.2 37.7 39.1 39-5 38.9 37.3 37.4 37.3 37.3 38.8 1.60 1.5 1 1 .1* 44.0 39.3 88.00 56.99 1.5* 1.61 1.50 1 .1* 39.7 37.8 38.* 38.9 38.2 36.0 37.9 35.8 38.3 38.0 *5.2 39.1 54.37 l .*8 1.39 1 .1*0 i.*5 l.*3 1.51 1 .1*2 46.9 *0.0 38.2 1.63 l.*5 42.9 *3.* 43.1 1.61 1.50 I .65 1.39 1 .1*0 1 .1*2 1.1*5 1.1*3 1.52 1 .1*2 42.6 37.3 *1.9 *1.7 71.15 2.11 1.76 2.09 1.57 1.50 1.62 1.38 41.2 41.3 40.9 35.* *0.4 66.26 68.17 2.17 2.18 1.82 2.16 39.6 41.2 39.1 39.2 39.0 *0.2 *0.0 39.5 *0.0 *1.5 42.5 41.8 40.9 33.5 41.1 80.09 1.82 2.63 1.20 42.1 42.0 *1.6 3*. 5 42.0 66.02 2.17 1.58 1.18 65.51 7*.3* 73.62 57.70 67.47 81.03 67.61 2.61* 2.08 1.79 1.5* 1.50 2.13 1.57 2.59 1.26 36.1 71.10 93.11 57.87 38.2 *0.7 4o.8 39.2 4l.l 4o.l 2.18 1.61 *1.87 38.8 *1.9 72.66 59.60 40.2 *0.7 39.8 *0.0 1.78 1*56 1.53 *1.76 2.15 1.72 1.55 1.52 2.17 1.57 65.51 70.55 76.49 74.85 55.61 98.49 37.5 37.3 2.12 l.M* 1.79 1.31 1.57 49.78 77.28 76.5* 57.27 72.07 56.71 38.6 *1.79 40.6 37.6 37.1 38.3 39.2 40.0 38.9 37.* 38.4 37.3 38.7 36.9 *2.4 69.89 75.50 59**6 40.7 41.2 39-8 Average hourly earhings Mov. Dec* Avg. 1956 1956 1956 4l.2 1.82 1.30 1.55 1.52 1.56 1.32 1.3* 1.32 1**9 1.35 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.83 1.83 1.66 1.73 1.73 40.2 1.88 1.88 38.3 1.77 1.77 1*72 1.36 4o.i 41.5 1.66 1.5* 1.53 1.55 1.32 1.33 1.32 1.50 1.35 1.66 1.81* 1.81* 1.76 1.37 2.10 1.1*9 2.06 1 .1*8 1**5 1.75 1.28 1.60 1.3* 1.3* 1.35 1 .1*0 1.37 1 .1*8 1.35 1.57 1.1*7 1 .1*1 1.5* 1.52 1.55 1.28 1.30 1.28 i .vt 1.31 1.59 1.59 1.80 1.80 1.63 1.67 1.77 1.73 1.70 1.31 2.00 1.1*5 Hours and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS............................... Men's and boys' suits and coats........ Men's and boys' furnishings and work Shirts, collars, and nightwear........ Average weekly earnings Dec. Ho t . Arg. 1956 i<w6 1956 *53-72 64.61 $53.07 64.25 45.95 46.93 48.10 40.48 45.70 48.49 45.54 37.15 55.46 55.97 45.97 65.27 50.09 48.00 52.93 56.95 48.94 50.37 56.76 Women's suits, coats, and skirts...... Women's, children’ s under garments..... Underwear and nightwear, except corsets. Corsets and allied garments........... Children's outerwear.................. Miscellaneous apparel and accessories.... Other fabricated textile products...... Curtains, draperies, and other house- 57.28 47.87 68.20 49.55 47.10 53.07 61.35 49.14 50.92 56.92 48.23 59-64 56.06 UJMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURNITURE)......................... ... Sawmills and planing mills............. Sawmills and planing mills, general... 69.60 Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated Wooden boxes, other than cigar........ FURNITURE AND FIXTURES.................. Wood household furniture, except 3* 48.62 57.09 54.53 71.20 35.9 36.1 37.0 3*. 9 35.7 35.8 37.* 3*.l 36.7 36.8 36.6 35*7 37.3 35.3 32.3 35.1 35.2 36.2 32.8 37.1 37.5 36.5 33.9 36.3 36.8 36.5 36.7 36.9 $1.*8 1.77 *1.*7 1.77 $1 .** 1.72 1.28 1.30 1.28 1 .2* 1 .2* 1.26 1 .1 1 1.30 36.0 1.16 35-3 35.2 1.59 36.1 33-8 36.3 36.3 36.2 1.60 1.28 2.00 1.35 1.28 l.*5 1.68 37.1 VO. 3 39.2 37.* 39.1 38.* 70.93 *0.0 39.6 39.6 39.5 *1.6 37.* *0.0 39.6 39.9 39.9 *1.5 38.9 39.8 *0.1 61.39 60.01 *0.8 *0.6 *1.2 *0.8 *0.5 *1 .1 *0.1 *0.6 *1.2 40.4 40.5 41.2 40.8 41.0 41.1 69.43 68.95 64.96 *1 .* *1.3 *0.6 *0.6 40.8 40.6 59-35 71.64 71.71 *1.9 *1.7 39.3 *1.2 *1.0 38.* 41.5 39.8 39.4 79.42 71.05 86.74 *2 .* *2.7 *2 .* *1.2 *1.0 *1.5 41.8 42.8 41.5 1.96 1.65 2.18 71.82 72.22 49.80 86.77 90.64 75.48 74.30 75.81 57-12 56.30 61.24 73.23 72.98 73.02 56.54 56.03 66.18 60.15 74.62 71.81 79.52 66.83 88.81 71.91 72.32 49.09 90.64 73.93 73.31 75-81 56.71 56.58 39.9 1.28 1.69 47.10 57.13 55.81 36.8 1.30 1.29 1.15 1.58 1.59 1.27 1.99 1.35 l.*5 38.2 78.80 36.3 36.* 36.9 36.1 36.3 36.5 38.3 69.70 69.92 61.59 Wood household furniture, upholstered... 77.56 Mattresses and bedsprings............. 73.49 Office, public-building, and professional furniture............................ 83.10 70.46 92.43 Partitions, shelving, lockers, and Screens, blinds, and miscellaneous furni- 56.30 36.3 36.5 Average hourly earnings Ho t . Ayg. Dec. 1956 1956 1956 36.7 36.7 37.1 37.6 79.20 71.62 68.15 45.26 45.51 46.49 39.96 55.42 55.62 44.76 67.94 47.92 45.38 51.77 62.39 48.44 49.71 53.02 74.45 49.92 $52.27 63.30 Average weekly hours Dec. Ho t . Ayg. 1956 1956 1956 1.35 1.33 1.38 1.38 1.57 1.58 1 .2* 2.01 1.32 1.25 l.*3 1.70 1.32 l.*9 l.*7 1.3* l.*l 39-4 39-3 1.30 l .*8 l.*3 1.30 l .*6 l .*2 l.*5 l .*2 40.3 1.7* 1.78 1.76 1.88 1.76 2.00 2.32 2.00 1.80 1.81 1.20 2.33 2.33 1.85 1.83 1 .8* l .*0 1 .8* 1.82 36.8 39.4 40.4 40.4 41.6 38.9 1.77 1.20 1.28 1.78 1.79 1.18 1.83 1.81 1 .8* 1.39 l.*9 1.83 l.*l 1.38 l.*9 1.73 1.71 1.65 1.63 1.69 1.60 l.*7 l .*6 l.*3 1.86 1.87 1.82 1.87 1.80 1.82 1.93 1.90 1.63 2 .1 * 1.66 2.09 1.39 1.38 l .*6 86.74 84.45 83.85 *1.5 *0.6 40.9 2.09 2.08 2.05 68.11 64.91 66.09 *0.3 39.1 40.3 1.69 1.66 1 .6* Hours and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Industry Dec. 1956 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS............... ♦85.57 94.15 78.12 77.70 82.60 75.53 PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES............................ 95.80 103.21 93-53 84.66 95.65 94.41 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS........... Industrial Plastics, o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s ................. e x c e p t s y n t h e t i c r u b b e r ........ and p olishing lacquers, Dee. Idv. .1956 *83.03 *3.0 $1.99 2.13 2.12 *1.3 *1.5 *2.8 **.2 *1.6 *1.6 *1.0 *1.2 $1.9* 77.89 77.65 83.42 74.57 **.2 *2.0 *2.0 *2.8 *3.8 *2.1 *2.2 *1.5 *1.2 ♦I.98 91.05 76.13 75.71 79.54 72.92 2.06 1.83 1.82 1 .9* 94.57 93.90 39.1 38.6 38.8 36.1 *0.0 102.28 96.92 84.44 92.90 99.64 96.40 83.84 93.03 39.7 *0.5 *0.1 39.9 38.5 39.5 2.35 2.39 1 .6* 1.87 2 .8I 2.*6 2.09 2 .3* 2.36 1.61 1.86 39.8 *0.7 *0.7 39.5 2.35 2.08 2.*2 2.76 2.*1 2.07 2.32 2.36 I.6O 2.79 2.80 2.79 89.0e 97.70 88.18 86.73 95-35 93.02 92.25 93.88 104.50 78.OO *1.6 *1 .* *1.0 *1.2 *2.0 *1 .* *0.5 *1.7 *0.8 *1 .* *1 .1 *0.5 *1 .1 *2.0 *1 .1 *0.3 *1.5 *0.8 *1.3 *1 .1 *0.8 *1.0 *2 .1 *1.8 *0.0 *0.6 *0.8 2 .1* 2.36 2.13 2.36 2.32 2.10 2.32 2.28 2.33 *1.2 *1.0 *1 .* *1 .1 *0.9 *1 .* *1.2 *0.9 *1.7 2.*3 2.*3 2.12 2.12 *1 .* *2.5 *2.9 *6 .* *6.8 *5.8 *1.0 *0.* *2 .1 *1 .* *2.7 *1.7 *6.8 *7.6 *5.* *1.0 *0.1 *2.5 *1.5 *3.1 *2.2 *5.0 **.9 *5.1 *0.6 39.0 *2 .* 2 .O7 2.23 2.07 I .78 I .65 I .63 l.*7 I .92 I .97 I .72 2.22 *1.0 *1.2 *0.* *0.9 *0.9 *0.7 *1 .1 *0.9 *1.7 2.58 2.68 2.26 2.57 2.67 *0.5 *0.6 39.1 *0.6 *0.2 39.8 39.* *0.7 2 .2* 2 .6O I .85 2 .I8 36.9 37.6 39.7 39.7 37.5 37.2 95.94 94.76 97.86 97.00 93.96 94.12 97**4 106.81 103.57 78.99 91.30 80.78 87.29 91.24 99-39 87.77 89.82 98.16 86.74 85.70 76.01 68.81 76.28 84.25 75.86 67.94 74.70 69.26 86.10 69.97 67.80 81.59 78.74 71.21 75.63 93.88 87.17 80.77 84.79 78.36 68.97 66.30 38.2 90.74 PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.......... 105.78 110.4s C o k e , o t h e r p e t r o l e u m a n d c o a l p r o d u c t s . . 91.30 105.II 109.20 91.98 104.39 108.39 RUBBER PRODUCTS........................ 92.96 109.46 73.26 82.39 103.53 71.55 79.98 88.29 87.23 IOO.30 71.71 78.96 *1.5 56.40 74.64 72.25 53.63 53-57 37.7 39.8 *0.3 38.* 37.2 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS............ 57.30 L e a t h e r : t a n n e d , c u r r i e d , a n d f i n i s h e d . . . 76.42 I n d u s t r i a l l e a t h e r b e l t i n g a n d p a c k i n g . . . 74.56 B o o t a n d s h o e c u t s t o c k a n d f i n d i n g s ...... 55.68 54.31 2.82 1.77 39.2 94.16 61.60 and g a s e s ............ 2.*5 36.* 39.* *0.* 39.7 39.3 39.6 39.0 36.6 94.35 liquified 2.01 I.8I 38.8 71.10 and 2.*5 1.85 1 .8* 39.0 85.70 76.08 Compressed 1.86 I .85 2.00 1.82 Avg. 195Í.,. 109.37 • F e r t i l i z e r s , t ...................................... V e g e t a b l e a n d a n i m a l o i l s a n d f a t s ........ V e g e t a b l e o i l s ................................... 1956 . 108.64 99.63 87.77 varnishes, Avg. 1956 108.81 91.88 Paints, 92.86 Vor. 1956 72.29 81.19 cleaning *84.74 Dec. 1956 74.24 79.38 91.74 Soap, Avg. _1256. ffOT. 92.75 63.76 72.54 62.65 B o o k b i n d i n g a n d r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ........ M i s c e l l a n e o u s p u b l i s h i n g and p r i n t i n g 1956 Average hourly earnings Average weekly hours Average weekly earnings 56.09 75-64 79.38 53.14 52.71 90.91 1 39.6 *1 .* te. 39.6 *2.0 36.* 36.1 2.3* 2.30 2.58 I .96 2.20 1.99 2.23 1.79 1.66 1.63 l .*8 1.88 I .99 1.76 2.29 2.32 2.52 1.96 2.20 I .98 2.22 2.26 1.83 2.25 2.23 2 .5O 1.95 2.15 1-93 2.18 2.*0 2 .O8 2.03 I .76 I.6I 1.66 1.51 1.88 1.93 I.70 2 .1* 2.5* 2.65 2.18 2.17 1.99 2.55 I .83 1.97 2.52 1.82 1.52 I .92 I .85 l.*5 l .*6 I .52 I.9I 1.89 l .*6 l .*6 I .50 1.88 1.82 1.9* l.*3 1 .** 35 Hours and Earnings Table C-1: Hours r i d gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS - Continued L u g g a g e .............................. H a n d b a g s a n d s m a l l l e a t h e r g o o d s ........... Gl oves and m i s c e l l a n e o u s leather goods... STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS......... F l a t g l a s s .......................................... G l a s s a n d g l a s s w a r e , p r e s s e d or b l o w n . . . . P r e s s e d a n d b l o w n g l a s s ...................... Gla s s p r o d u c t s made of p u r c h a s e d glass... C e m e n t , h y d r a u l i c ............................... S t r u c t u r a l c l a y p r o d u c t s ...................... B r i c k a n d h o l l o w t i l e ......................... S e w e r p i p e ........................................ C l a y r e f r a c t o r i e s ............................... P o t t e r y a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ................. Concrete, gypsum, and p l a s t e r products... C o n c r e t e p r o d u c t s ............................... C u t - s t o n e a n d s t o n e p r o d u c t s ................. Mi s e e 11 aneo-us n o n m e t a l l i c m i n e r a l Dec. Mo t . 1956 ATg. 1956 Dec. 1956 Ho t . 1956 ATg. 1956 #64.30 53-02 *67.03 *62.56 53.30 51.00 48.37 39.9 37.8 49.71 38.5 37.6 37.1 39.1 37.5 36.9 82.61 81.79 119.23 99.06 96.76 *1.3 *0.6 *1.0 2.*5 2 .** 2.36 107.42 105.18 102.47 *1.0 *0.3 *0.5 2.62 2.61 2.53 107.83 105.59 102.47 88.66 86.72 98.87 83.63 95.63 *0.3 *0.3 *0.* 39.9 *0.3 *1.8 *0.5 *0.3 *1 .1 *0.8 *0.* *2.5 2.31 2.62 2 .2* 2.16 2.12 2.12 2.28 2.53 84.59 85.44 95.30 *1.0 *0.5 *1.6 *1 .* *0.5 *2.8 2.63 90.27 87.26 94.35 93.30 91.46 *1.2 *1 .1 *1.2 2.29 2.27 2.22 90.89 102.42 90.03 99.06 89.44 95.34 *1.5 *1.3 *1.3 *0.6 *1.6 *0.* 2.19 2.*8 2.18 2 .** 2.36 87.14 84.86 86.29 *1.3 *1.6 *2.3 2.11 2 .0* 2 .0* 95.58 92.97 93.60 *1.2 *0.6 *1.6 2.32 2.29 2.25 95.58 91.94 95-40 *1.2 *0.5 *2 .* 2.32 2.27 2.25 94.42 94.24 102.24 109.13 99.59 93.09 90.90 90.76 101.09 108.71 98.28 89.57 99.96 *0.7 *1.7 *1.9 *2.3 *2.2 *0.2 *0.3 *0.7 *1.6 *2.3 *2.0 *0.1 *0.* *0.9 *2.0 *2 .1 *2.2 *0.8 2.32 2.26 2 .** 2.58 2.36 2.31 2.23 2.*3 2.57 2.3* 2.25 2.19 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES................ 101.19 80.34 86.11 and rolling B l a s t furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills, except e l e c t r o metallurgical P r i m a r y r e f i n i n g o f a l u m i n u m ............... S e c o n d a r y s m e l t i n g and r e f i n i n g of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................... Rolling, drawing and alloying of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................... Rolling, drawing, and a l l oying of Rolling, drawing, Miscellaneous Welded and alloying primary metal and heavy-r i v e t e d 36 91.53 91.10 89.01 85.86 80.39 77.62 68.71 84.04 73.21 69.97 74.15 73.26 80.16 70.50 80.99 78.58 69.70 32.82 88.00 84.46 of industries... p i p e .............. 2.03 1.96 96.52 r e f r a c t o r i e s .......................... P r i m a r y smelt i n g and r e f i n i n g of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................... P r i m a r y s m e l t i n g and r e f i n i n g of 2.07 84.65 89.38 73.66 74.56 81.48 73.34 87.14 E l e c t r o m e t a l l u r g i c a l p r o d u c t s .............. I r o n a n d s t e e l f o u n d r i e s ...................... G r a y - i r o n f o u n d r i e s ............................ M a l l e a b l e - i r o n f o u n d r i e s ..................... 1.95 2.75 2.3* 2.09 2.31 68.78 88.62 91.01 works, 1.99 *0.8 *0.0 *1.7 39.2 82.71 72.98 93.89 steel $1.60 1.36 1.31 *1.2 *1.0 *2.3 *0.9 74.80 72.29 86.11 87.57 100.39 furnaces, $1.67 $1.68 l.*l l.*l 1.3* 1.3* *1.7 *2.9 *2 .* 39.* 68.88 79.80 73-10 p r o d u c t s .............................. Blast ATg. 1956 **.2 *0.8 73.35 81.60 83.21 80.15 113.03 79.20 *1 .1 V0.9 *0.1 *0.1 *0.0 *1.2 *1 .1 *0.3 *1.0 *0.0 39.5 39.2 38.* *3.8 36.1 Ho y . 1956 Dee. 1956 38.* *3.9 **.* *1.0 82.61 83.01 81.60 72.92 85.49 77.70 70.93 Monday 48.34 1956 Average hourly earning s 41.1 4l.l 39-6 39-6 39.6 *0.9 *1 .* *0.9 *1.9 *0.3 *0.7 39.1 37.5 **.5 **.9 *1.0 119.43 73.34 80.59 78.23 70.99 Abrasive Average weekly hours Average weekly e arnings Industry 96.08 94.64 105.67 97.06 94.25 *1 .1 *1 .* *0.0 *0.2 39.7 *1.3 *1.2 *0.1 *0.7 39.6 *0.3 38.8 2.01 2.92 2.06 2.07 2 .0* 1.77 2.08 1.82 1.68 1.87 1.83 2.11 2.88 2 .0* 2.01 1.77 2.09 1.82 1.69 1.86 1.85 2.10 1.91 1 .8* 1.77 1.7* 1.91 1.83 1.75 1.73 2.10 2.09 2.29 2.26 2.19 2.15 2.12 2.39 2.06 2.36 2.36 2.00 1.68 2.03 1.79 1.67 1 .8* 1.80 2.05 1.88 1.82 1.75 1.70 2.03 2.20 2.03 2.28 2.20 2.11 2.07 2.07 2.25 2.15 2.38 2.51 2.30 2.31 Hours and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Dee. Industry Average weekly earnings «OT. 1956 Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings Avg. Dee. lOY. 1956 1956 1956 Dee. 1956 lov. 1956 Avg. 1956 $88.18 $85.28 75.53 84.05 2.22 2.06 1.82 2.06 2.18 2.00 72.62 82.62 41.2 $2.15 42.0 2.26 40.7 2.10 40.8 1.83 40.9 2.08 40.7 2.18 $2.07 85.90 41.4 40.9 41.4 41.5 40.8 41.6 $2.13 91.56 88.20 90.80 85.28 2.13 2,05 39.2 2.07 2.16 2.05 2.15 2.13 1956 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT). $90.52 T i n c a n s a n d o t h e r t i n w a r e ................... 96.73 Ayg. 1956 H a r d w a r e ........................................... H e a t i n g a p p a r a t u s (except e l ectric) and 92.87 88.61 83.44 42.1 42.8 42.0 41.1 41.3 42.6 S a n i t a r y ware and plumbers' supplies.... Oil burners, n o n e l e c t r i c heat i n g and c o oking apparatus, not e l s e w h e r e 82.39 83.16 80.36 81.70 80.19 83.07 39.8 38.5 38.0 39.7 39.0 81.81 92.00 79.80 90.27 79.20 88.19 40.3 42.2 39.7 41.6 40.0 41.6 2.03 2.01 2.18 2.17 1.98 2.12 92.00 90.69 87.57 42.2 41.6 41.5 2.18 2.18 2.11 89.45 91.78 93.51 94.57 81.93 91.14 91.56 85.27 87.98 41.8 42.1 42.7 42.6 39-9 42.9 41.3 41.8 42.7 39.2 42.0 42.0 42.1 40.6 42.4 40.9 41.2 42.0 40.8 41.5 42.2 41.2 39.2 41.5 40.1 41.1 42.2 2 .1 * 2.18 2.09 2.17 2.12 40.9 40.4 42.0 42.0 42.7 41.0 42.3 42.5 Cutlery, hand tools, a n d h a r d w a r e .......... 75-21 F a b r i c a t e d s t r u c t u r a l m e t a l p r o d u c t s ...... S t r u c t u r a l steel and o r n a m e n t a l met a l Metal doors, sash, frames, molding, and B o i l e r - s h o p p r o d u c t s ......................... S h e e t - m e t a l w o r k ............................... M e t a l stamping, coating, and engrav i n g . . . V i t r e o u s - e n a m e l e d p r o d u c t s .................. S t a m p e d a n d p r e s s e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ....... F a b r i c a t e d w i r e p r o d u c t s ...................... Miscellaneous fabricated metal products.. M e t a l s h i p p i n g barrels, drums, kegs, 67.83 98.67 82.60 84.85 90.95 92.20 70.24 96.25 80.57 82.81 88.62 81.40 89.89 87.76 66.64 91.30 76.59 80.56 86.51 2.19 2.22 1.70 2.30 2.00 2.18 2.19 1.73 2.27 1.97 1.78 2.02 2.02 2.09 2.13 2.13 1.70 2.20 1.91 1*96 2.05 2.03 2.13 2.01 2. U 2.3* 2.35 2.33 2.28 2.28 2 .1 * 2.21 86.94 88.41 85.43 42.1 42.1 43.0 43.0 94.05 97.00 93.26 95.45 42.6 41.8 41.8 41.1 42.2 41.5 2.26 99.90 2.25 2.39 2.36 2.21 2.30 111.46 105.50 102.41 43.2 41.7 41.8 2.58 2.53 2.*5 95.82 89.15 92.63 94.07 87.07 91.37 93.98 41.3 39.8 40.1 40.9 39.4 39.9 41.4 40.0 40.3 2.32 2 .2* 2.30 86.80 2.31 2.29 2.27 2.17 2 .2* 84.71 93.48 82.04 91.94 82.58 39.4 42.3 38.7 41.6 39.7 42.5 2.15 2.12 2.21 2.08 2.21 91.08 110.50 106.26 41.4 42.1 43.8 45.3 42.4 42.8 45.0 45.8 2.21 2.22 2 .*5 2.*0 2.20 2.22 2 .** 110.40 106.87 107.81 42.2 42.6 45.1 46.0 2.17 M e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e r y ......................... M a c h i n e t o o l s .................................... Me tal wor kin g mac h i n e r y (except machine 93.26 94.57 2.38 100.22 116.03 97.25 110.74 97.41 114.86 43.2 45.5 42.1 43.6 43.1 45.4 2.32 2.55 2.31 2.5* 2.26 M a c h i n e - t o o l a c c e s s o r i e s ..................... Special-industry machinery (except metal- 43.0 41.8 41.5 48.6 43.4 42.4 40.9 41.5 46.6 43.8 42.7 41.9 41.4 2.13 2 .1 * 2.09 2 .1 * 1.85 45.8 2.19 2.37 Bolts, nuts, washers, a n d r i v e t s .......... 98.51 98.94 92.88 89.44 MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)........... E n g i n e s a n d t u r b i n e s ............................ Steam engines, turbines, and water Diesel and oth e r Agricultural Agricultural 96.28 internal-combustion machinery machinery a n d t r a c t o r s ....... (except C o n s t r u c t i o n and m i n i n g m a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t f o r o i l f i e l d s ........................ P a p e r - i n d u s t r i e s m a c h i n e r y .................. Pr i n t ing -tr ade s mac h i n e r y and equipment. 91.59 91.12 78.85 106.43 102.86 95.30 97.36 92.11 89.88 90.61 93.46 90.27 92.23 92.01 92.45 108.45 90.74 88.75 89.24 89.67 78.85 100.19 105.12 96.18 76.59 102.46 43.6 2.16 2.08 2.18 1*90 2.07 2.21 2.17 1.90 2.15 2.*0 2.09 2.01 2.17 2.16 2 .*1 2*32 2.53 2.10 2.35 37 Hours and Earnings Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Average weekly earnings Industry Dec. 1956 MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL) - Continued G e n e r a l i n d u s t r i a l m a c h i n e r y ................ P u m p s , a i r a n d g a s c o m p r e s s o r s ............ C o n v e y o r s a n d c o n v e y i n g e q u i p m e n t ........ B l o w e r s , e x h a u s t and v e n t i l a t i n g fans... I n d u s t r i a l t r u c k s , t r a c t o r s , e t c .......... Mechanical power-transmission equipment. M echanical stokers and industrial f u r n a c e s a n d o v e n s ............................ Office and store machines and devices.... C o m p u t i n g m a c h i n e s and cash registers... T y p e w r i t e r s ....................................... S e r v i c e - i n d u s t r y and h o u s e h o l d machines.. D o m e s t i c l a u n d r y e q u i p m e n t .................. C o m m e r c i a l laundry, d r y - c l e a n i n g , and p r e s s i n g m a c h i n e s ............................. S e w i n g m a c h i n e s ................................. Refrige rat ors and air-con dit ion ing u n i t s .............................................. M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a c h i n e r y p a r t s ............... F a b r i c a t e d pipe, fittings, and valves... B a l l a n d r o l l e r b e a r i n g s ..................... M a c h i n e s h o p s ( j o b a n d r e p a i r ) ............ ELECTRICAL MACHINERY................... Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus.. W i r i n g d e v i c e s a n d s u p p l i e s ................. Carbon and graphite products E l e c t r i c a l in d i c a t i n g , m e a s u r i n g , and r e c o r d i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ........................ Motors, generators, and m o t o r - g e n e r a t o r P o w e r a n d d i s t r i b u t i o n t r a n s f o r m e r s ..... S w i tchgear, switchboard, and industrial c o n t r o l s ......................................... E l e c t r i c a l w e l d i n g a p p a r a t u s ............... E l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e s .......................... I n s u l a t e d w i r e a n d c a b l e ...................... E l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t f o r v e h i c l e s .......... 99.16 93.68 92.99 99.90 86.52 television P r i m a r y b a t t e r i e s ( d r y a n d w e t ) ........... X - r a y and n o n - r a d i o e l e c t r o n i c tubes.... V2.5 V2.3 V2.8 Vl.V V2.3 V2.3 V2.6 V2.5 V2.9 Vl.6 Vl.6 V2.8 $2.25 2.17 2 .3V V2.2 V1.7 Vl.8 V2.0 V0.5 VI.7 Vl.2 VI.3 V0.8 V3.1 39.7 Vo. 9 Vl.6 Vl.l Vl.V Vl.2 VO. 3 VO. 9 2.22 V2.2 VO.O Vl.2 V0.2 Vl.O Vl.O 91.32 89.23 90.31 V0.2 V2.6 V2.5 V2.1 V3.0 38.9 Vl.5 Vl.2 Vl.8 Vl.7 Vo.o Vl.6 Vl.l V1.5 V2.2 83.6V 80.78 Vl.2 Vl.O 87.57 98.87 86.53 95.60 96.02 1956 $93.29 90.53 97.38 86.11 90.27 95.02 90.23 91.27 96.70 90.27 89.65 82.81 85.8V 89.98 88.78 96.05 80.3V 88.0V 80.36 85.58 91.72 91.05 86.00 89.VV 88.78 88.VV 9*. 57 93.93 9*.73 95.03 8V.V6 92.80 88.97 1956 1956 1956 2.11 2.27 2.29 2.23 2.39 2.06 2.18 2.27 Nov. Avg. $2 .2V $2.19 2.13 2.27 2.07 2.17 1956 2.16 2.31 2.09 2.26 2.27 2.19 2.21 2.37 2.08 2.18 2.26 1956 2.22 2.17 2.16 2.32 2.01 2.13 2.20 1.96 2.17 1.97 1.95 2.20 2.19 2.20 2.22 2.21 2.20 2.21 2.21 2.22 2.15 2.15 2.21 2.19 2.15 2 .1V V0.8 2.05 2 .0V 1.98 2.25 2.16 77.38 VI.3 V0.3 V1.5 VO. 7 1.91 2.17 1.92 2.11 76.11 Vl.5 VO. 9 2.18 78.12 86.93 6V .86 8V .26 Vl.2 V0.8 Vl.l 2.11 2.08 2.05 8V.0V 81.00 79.97 Vl.V V0.1 V0.8 2.03 2.02 1.96 9V .85 96.37 93.11 97.71 92.VO 91.27 Vl.6 VI. 9 Vl.2 V2.3 V1.3 V2.0 2.28 2.30 2.31 2.26 2.21 2.20 91.9^ 92.80 90.30 101.91 80.80 8V .51 8V .21 Vl.6 VV .2 V0.2 V3 .V V2.5 Vo. 9 V0.8 Vl.8 V2.7 Vo. 7 V2.9 Vl.5 Vo. 3 Vo.7 V2.0 VV.5 VO.O V2.9 V0.1 V0.8 V0.5 2.21 2.22 2.15 2.29 90.V7 102.10 82.Vl 88.5V 9V.78 89.62 97.78 8V .25 87.95 90. V7 76.57 78.55 75.07 76.IV sets, Te l e phone, telegraph, and r e l a t e d e q u i p m e n t ........................................ 38 V3.1 V2.9 V3.1 Vl.9 V3.2 V3.3 Dec. 1956 83.13 79.15 phonographs, Dec. Avg. 86.55 92.V3 78.12 Radios, Avg. 1956 88.29 9V .66 88.00 Average hourly earnings Nov. Nov. $96.98 $95.20 93.09 91.37 100.85 88.Hi 98.06 Average weekly hours 75.95 68.25 7k. 77 67.90 72.98 67.V2 vo.v V0.2 39.0 38.8 VO.l 39.2 100.11 83.01 9V .13 66.23 89.10 101.22 82.19 95. V6 78.lV 89.60 86.69 6k. 6k 88.15 W. l VI. 3 V2 .V 39.9 vo. 5 VV.2 VI.3 V2.1 39.6 Vl.l V3.0 VO. 7 VO. 7 39.9 Vl.O 9V.30 65.7V 2.31 2.05 2 .0V 2.23 1.91 1.9V 2.29 2.07 2.05 1.87 2.02 1.97 2.18 1.90 1.93 2.10 1 .8V 1.88 1.88 1.86 1.82 1.75 1.75 1.72 2.27 2.29 1.99 2 .2V 2.22 1.92 2.13 1.66 2.18 2.15 2.01 2.22 1.66 2.20 1.62 Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Dec. Nov. Avg. 1956 1956 1956 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT................ $105.*6 $100.86 112.45 106.14 Motor vehicles, bodies, Average weekly hours Average weekly earnings Industry parts, $9**71 95.11 and 113.85 95.91 Dec. 1956 **.8 *5.0 *0.5 39*6 *2.8 *2 .1 *3.9 Nov. 1956 42.2 42.8 Average hourly earnings Arg. Dec. 1956 1956 *1.0 $2.*3 *0.3 2.51 39.* 39-5 40.8 38.5 39-9 *0.3 *0.1 *0.0 *2 .1 *1.7 *2.6 *2.9 *2.8 39.8 39.6 *0.3 *0.5 *2 .* 39.1 *0.5 2.*3 2 .** 1.98 *3.1 39-6 38.5 *2.4 42.1 42.6 *3.5 *3.3 38.9 Nov. 1956 Avg. *2.39 $2.31 2.*8 2.50 2.06 1956 2.36 2.38 R a i l r o a d a n d s t r e e t c a r s ..................... O t h e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ........... . 97.11 77.02 107.75 81.58 80.47 98.37 97.25 99.26 99.62 101.32 89.86 92.73 7*. 07 94.01 97.10 91.63 76.61 INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS........ 84.67 83.64 82.01 *1 .1 40.8 *0.8 2.06 2.05 2.01 97.9* 95.11 94.95 *2 .* 41.9 *2.2 2.31 2.27 2.25 85.07 84.65 85.49 84.23 83.44 *0.9 *0.5 *1.3 40.3 *0.9 *0.5 2.08 83.03 2.09 2.07 2.09 2 .0* 2.05 73.12 65.93 73.75 64.64 93.30 71.21 71.33 64.64 91.46 71.13 *0.* *0.2 *2 .* 39.1 40.3 39.9 41.1 38.7 *0.3 *0.* *1.2 39.3 1.81 1 .6* 2.28 1.85 1.83 1.62 2.27 1 .8* 1.60 2.22 1.81 71.33 70.70 1.77 *2.3 44.3 41.8 39.0 *0.* *1.8 *1.7 *2 .1 *1.2 39.2 1.79 73-57 *0.9 *3.1 *2.9 *3.7 *1.2 39.7 40.3 78.08 1.82 2.07 2.01 I .65 1.82 1.70 2.08 2.01 38.5 39.8 41.8 38.7 *1.5 39.8 39.1 39.3 *1.2 39.3 *1 .* *0.2 1 .6* 1.66 1.67 1.61 1.88 1.86 84.65 82.37 100.15 97.67 105.36 103.84 O t h e r a i r c r a f t p a r t s a n d e q u i p m e n t ....... S h i p a n d b o a t b u i l d i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g ...... 104.08 93.60 97.04 74.82 99.31 102.06 Laboratory, Mechanical scientific, measuring and controlling 96.67 72.3* MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES.... silverware, and plat ed w a r e ...... 73.21 78.44 73.36 90.46 98.01 39.8 *0.7 *2.0 39.8 38.9 65.51 83.78 80.34 63.63 62.76 62.17 63.08 67.16 62.49 67.73 70.81 64.08 78.21 75.1* 65.27 69.39 77.61 73.23 **.0 * * .1 *0.0 *0.1 88.75 91.87 73-75 95.99 99.64 93.06 78.17 71.91 92.14 84.02 63.57 82.81 T o y s a n d s p o r t i n g g o o d s ........................ G a m e s , toys, d olls, an d cihildren's 95-57 94.66 97.13 96.95 and e n gineering O p t i c a l i n s t r u m e n t s a n d l e n s e s .............. Surgical, medical, ana dental instru- Jewelry, 81.00 82.80 69.22 62.72 63.27 75.76 74.37 38.8 *0.8 *2 .* 39.8 *1.6 *0.* 38.8 42.9 2.53 2.09 2.08 2 .3* 2.32 2. kO 2.36 2.36 2.3* 2.*2 1.88 2 .** 1.71 2.09 2.32 2.31 2.33 2.29 2.3* 2.31 2.39 1.88 2.38 2.38 2.38 1.92 1.63 1.63 1 .6* 1.66 1.63 1.87 1 .8* 2.02 2.07 2.27 2.27 2.28 2.26 2.29 2.23 2.32 1.83 2.37 2.35 2.38 1.93 1.77 1.75 1.76 1.66 1.99 1.95 1.60 1.59 1.61 1*63 1.59 1.83 1.85 Hours and farnmos Table C-1: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees - Continued Average weekly earning s Industry Dec, 1956 NOV. 1956 Average weekly hours Avg. 1956 D ec. 1956 Nov. 1956 1956 (4/> V3 .V V2.1 V3.2 39.7 37.3 Avg. Average hourly earnings Dec. Nov. Avg. 1956 1956 1956 Q/> V3.1 (±/) $1.99 $2.19 1.99 a/) $1.96 VI.0 VO.5 39.6 38.3 1.91 I .65 1.88 1.62 1.86 1.61 VV.2 VI.6 kk.Q VI.6 V3 .V V2.3 2.37 2.3V 2.02 2.02 2 o32 1.97 V1.5 Vl.6 Vl.6 V1.3 *1.5 vo.9 2.28 2.30 2.17 2.27 2.29 2.16 2.22 TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES: TRANSPORTATION: Local railways and bus l i n e s ....... ....... a/) $86737 $92.20 85.97 $847^8 75.83 61.55 77.08 65.61 61.66 104.75 8i*.03 102.96 100.69 9^-39 95.68 8$. 62 94.21 95.26 89.86 86.30 VI. V VI.6 VI. 3 96.17 96.00 93.11 Vl.l Vl .2 Vl.2 2 .3V 2.33 2.26 83.85 82.82 81.20 vo.9 VO. V VO.V 2.05 2.05 2.01 59.68 V3.92 60.42 60.45 38.5 36.0 38.0 3V .1 38.5 35.0 1.55 lo22 1.59 1.25 1.57 1 .2V U9.68 63.27 82,09 49.68 47.75 48.77 63.38 36.8 37.0 V3.9 36.0 3V .6 37.1 V3.7 3V.V 35.6 37.5 V3.8 3V .8 1-35 1.71 1.38 63.81 1.72 1.37 I .69 1.38 1.37 V2.8 V2.0 VI .9 V2.2 V2.0 V2.5 1.71 1.7V I .69 1.7V 1.71 - - _ COMMUNICATION: Switchboard operating employees Line construction, installation, 2J ... 73.66 and T e l e g r a p h _4J .................................... 84.03 83.33 OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES: G a s an d e l e c t r i c u t i l i t i e s .................. E l e c t r i c l i g h t a n d p o w e r u t i l i t i e s ..... G a s u t i l i t i e s ................................... E l e c t r i c light and gas u t i l i t i e s c o m b i n e d ............................................. 91.69 93.38 2.25 2.11 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE: WHOLESALE TRADE....................... RETAIL TRADE (EXCEPT FATING AND DRINKING PLACES).............................. D e p a r t m e n t stores and g e neral m a i l o r d e r h o u s e s ................................... F o o d a n d l i q u o r s t o r e s ........................ A u t o m o t i v e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s d e a l e r s ....... A p p a r e l a n d a c c e s s o r i e s s t o r e s ............ Ot h e r retail trade: F u r n i t u r e a n d a p p l i a n c e s t o r e s .............. L u m b e r a n d h a r d w a r e s u p p l y s t o r e s ....... 42.63 81.72 47.47 43.40 81.47 47.68 73.19 73.08 70.81 69.30 73.43 72.68 62.96 62.35 62.00 98.86 80.26 94.98 ~ - 78.92 97.18 77.54 V3.35 42.63 42.13 VO.9 VO .6 V2.80 *9.92 42.29 50.56 42.32 49.90 VO.O 39.0 9V.98 95.76 90.80 - FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE: B a n k s a n d t r u s t c o m p a n i e s ................... S e c u r i t y d e a l e r s a n d e x c h a n g e s ............ I n s u r a n c e c a r r i e r s ........... ................. 1.87 1.38 ~ 1.87 1.86 1.65 — SERVICE AND MfSCELLANEOUS: Hotels and lodging places: Personal services: L a u n d r i e s ........................................ Cleaning and dyeing plants........... Motion pictures: Motion-picture production and distri b u t i o n ........................................... 40.9 1.06 1.05 1.03 39.9 39.5 40.3 39-6 1.07 1.05 1.28 1.06 1.28 - - - - 1.26 - 1 / Not available. 2 / Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as switchboard operators; service as sistants: operating room instructors: and pay-station attendants. During I 956 such employees made up ^0 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in telephone establishments reporting hours and earnings data. 3 / Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as central office craftsmen: instal lation and exchange repair craftsmen: line, cable, and conduit craftsmen: and laborers. During 1956 such employees made up 27 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in telephone establishments reporting hours and earnings data. k/ Data relate to domestic employees except messengers and those compensated entirely on a commission basis. 5 / Money payments only; additional value of board, room, uniforms, and tins, not included. * - Fertilizers - October 1956 average weekly earnings should have read $<60. 39 . Vo Adjusted Earnings Table C-2: Gross average weekly earnings of production workers in selected industries, in current and 1947-49 dollars Year Bituminous-coal Laundries Manufacturing mining Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Annual average : Manufacturing Bituminous-coal Laundries mining Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Monthly data: 1939.... $23.86 19*0.... 25.20 19*1.... 29.58 1942.... 36.65 19*3.... 43.1 * 19**.... 46.08 19*5.... **.39 19*6.... 43.82 19*7.... *9.97 19*8.... j 5*.l* **0.17 *2.07 *7.03 52.58 58.30 61.28 57.72 52.5* 52.32 52.6 ¡ *23.88 24.71 30.86 35.02 41.62 51.27 52.25 58.03 66.59 72.12 $40.20 41.25 49.06 50.24 56.24 68.18 et.95 69.38 -69.73 70.16 $17.64 17.93 18.69 20.34 23.08 23.95 27.73 30.20 32.71 3*.23 $29.70 29.93 29.71 29.18 31.19 3*.51 36.06 36.21 3*.25 33.30 19*9.... 5*.92 1950.... 59.33 1951.... 64.71 1952.... 67.97 1953.... 71.69 195* .... 71.86 1955---- 76.52 1956.... 80.19 53.95 57.71 58.30 59.89 62.67 62.60 63.28 70.35 77.79 78.09 85.31 80.85 96.26 105.94 62.16 68.43 70.08 68.80 7*. 37 70.43 84.07 91.17 3*.98 35**7 37.81 38.63 39.69 40.10 40.70 42.32 34.36 34.50 3*.06 34.04 3*.69 3*.93 35-55 36.42 Table C-3: Year Year and month 66.83 69.01 "T955.. Dec.... 1956 Jan.... Feb___ Mar___ Apr.... May.... June... July... Aug.... Sept... Oct___ Nov___ Dec.... $79.71 $69.49 $105.73 $92.18 $41.31 $36.02 104.22 103.18 102.38 105.46 106.02 107.82 90.94 90.03 89.26 91.78 91.87 92.79 41.51 40.90 41.70 42.12 42.54 42.95 36.22 35.69 36.36 79.19 68.5* 68.21 68.68 68.75 68.46 68.15 79.00 67.52 68.31 102.16 102.49 106.12 110.38 106.79 115.33 87.32 87.75 42.42 41.90 42.61 42.61 42.29 42.80 36.26 79.79 78.55 78.17 78.78 78.99 79.00 81.40 82.21 82.22 84.05 69.51 69.85 69.80 71.23 90.62 93.78 90.65 97.74 36.66 36.86 36.96 35.87 36.39 36.20 35.90 36.27 Average weekly earnings, gross and net spendable, of production workers in manufacturing, in current and 1947-49 dollars Net spendable Gross average weekly earnings average weekly earnings Worker with Worker with Index 3 dependents Amount (1947-49 no dependents =* 100) Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Annual average : Net spendable Gross average Year weekly earnings average weekly earnings Index Worker with and Worker with month Amount (1947-49 no dependents 3 dependents = 100) Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Monthly dat a: 1939.... 1940.... 19*1.... 19*2.... 1943.... 19**.... 19*5.... 1946.... 19*7.... . 19*8.... $23.86 25.20 29.58 36.65 43.1* 46.08 44.39 43.82 49-97 54.14 *5.1 *7.6 55.9 69.2 81.5 87.O 83.8 82.8 9*.* 102.2 $23.58 24.69 28.05 31.77 36.01 38.29 36.97 37.72 42.76 *7.*3 $39.70 *1.22 **.59 *5.58 *8.66 50.92 *8.08 *5.23 **.77 *6.1* 19*9.... 1950.... 1951.... 1952.... 1953.... 195* .... 1955.... 1956.... 54.92 59.33 64.71 67.97 71.69 71.86 76.52 80.19 103.7 112.0 122.2 128.* 135.* 135.7 1**.5 151.* 48.09 51.09 54.04 53.66 58.5* 59.35 63.15 66.02 *7 .2* *9.70 *6.68 *9.0* 51.17 51.87 55.15 56.82 $23.62 $39.76 41.65 2*.95 29.28 *6.55 36.28 52.05 *1.39 35.93 44.06 58.59 42.74 55.58 43.20 51.80 48.24 50.51 53.17 51.72 53.83 37.21 61.28 63.68 66.58 66.78 70.45 73.38 52.88 53.63 33.21 36.05 58.20 58.17 61.53 63.15 1955 Dec. . . . $79.71 150.5 $65.64 $57.23 $73.00 $63.64 1956 J a n .. . . Peb__ M ar.. . . A pr. . . . May.... J u n e.. . 78.55 78.17 78.78 78.99 79.00 79.19 1*8.3 1*7-6 1*8.8 1*9.2 1*9.2 1* 9.6 64.74 64.44 64.92 65.08 65.09 65.24 56.49 56.23 56.6O 56.64 56.40 56.14 72.07 71.77 72.25 72.4.2 72.43 72.58 62.89 62.63 62.99 63.03 62.76 62.46 J u l y .. . A u g .. . . S e p t. .. O ct. . . . N o v .... Dec. . . . 79.00 79.79 81.40 82.21 82.22 84.05 1*9.2 150.7 153.7 155.3 155.3 158.7 65.09 65.71 66.97 67.62 67.63 69.10 55.63 56.26 57.19 57.45 57.41 58.56 72.43 73.06 74.37 75.03 75-04 76.54 61.91 62.55 63.51 63.75 63.70 64.86 Jü, Adjusted Earnings Table C-4? Average hourly earnings, gross and excluding overtime, and average weekly hours of production workers in manufacturing Year and mont,h Nondurable goods Durable goods Manufacturing Average hourly earnings Average Average hourly earnings Average Average hourly earnings Average Excluding overtime Excluding weekly weekly Excluding weekly Gross Gross Index Gross overtime hours overt ime hours Amount (1947-49 » 100) hours Annua1 average : $0.729 $0.702 .805 .853 .89V .961 5**5 62.5 69.V *0.6 *2.9 **.9 $0.808 .9*7 1.059 $CJ770 .881 .976 *2.1 *5.1 *6.6 $0.6*0 .723 .803 $0.625 .698 .763 38.9 *0.3 *2.5 19**. 19*5. 19*6. 1.019 •9*7 1.023 1/.963 1.086 1.051 73.5 1/7V.8 81.6 *5.2 *3.* *0.* 1.117 1.111 1.156 1.029 l/l.0*2 1.122 *6.6 **.1 *0.2 .861 .90* 1.015 .81* I/.858 .981 *3.1 *2.3 *0.5 19*7. 19*8. 19*9. 1.237 1.350 93.0 101.7 106.1 *o.* i.*oi 1.198 1.310 1.367 *0.1 39.2 1.292 l.*10 l.*69 1.250 1.366 l.*3* *0.6 *0.5 39.5 1.171 1.278 1.325 1.133 1.2*1 1.292 *0.1 39.6 38.8 1950. 1951. 1952. 1.V65 1.59 1.67 IAI5 1.53 1.6l 109.9 118.8 125.0 *0.5 *0.7 *0.7 1.537 1.67 1.77 l.*8o 1.60 1.70 *1.2 *1.6 *1.5 1.378 l.*8 1.5* 1.337 l .*3 l .*9 39.7 39.5 39.6 1953. 195 V. 1955. 1956. 1.77 1.81 1.88 1.98 1.71 1.76 1.82 1.91 132.8 136.6 1*1.3 1*8.3 *00 39.7 *0.7 *0.5 1.87 1.92 2.01 2.10 1.80 1.86 1.61 1.66 1.93 2.02 *1.3 *0.2 *1.* *1.1 1.71 1.81 1.56 1.6l 1.66 1.75 39.5 39.0 39.8 39.6 1955 s D e c .. . 1.93 1.85 1*3.6 *1.3 2.06 1.97 *2.0 1.7* 1.68 VO.* 1956: J a n .•. Feb. . . M ar.. . Apr••• May. . . J u n e .. 1.93 1.93 1.95 1.96 1.97 1.97 1.87 1.86 1.88 1.90 1.90 1.91 1*5.2 1**.* 1*6.0 1*7.5 1*7.5 1*8.3 *0.7 *0.5 *0.* *0.3 *0.1 *0.2 2.06 2.05 2.06 2.08 2.08 2.09 1.98 1.98 1.99 2.00 2.01 2.02 *1.2 *1.0 *0.9 *1.1 *0.8 *0.8 1.75 1.75 1.78 1.79 1.80 1.81 1.70 1.70 1.73 1.7* 1.75 1.76 39-9 39.8 39.6 39.2 39.1 39.2 J u l y .. A ug... Sept. . . Oct. . . Nov. . . Dec. . . 1.97 1.98 2.00 2.02 2.03 2.05 1.90 1.91 1.93 1.9V 1.96 1.97 1*7.5 1*8.3 1*9.8 150.6 152.2 153,0... *0.1 *0.3 *0.7 *0.7 *0.5 *1.0 2.07 2.10 2.1* 2.15 2.16 2.01 2.03 2.06 2.06 2.08 *0.7 *0.8 *1.* *1.* *1.2 *1.9 1.82 1.81 1.82 1.83 1.85 1.86 1.77 1.75 1.76 1.78 1.79 1.80 39.4 39.6 39.8 39.8 39.6 32,8 19*1....... 19*2. 19M . .. P.nft . JLtlfl 1/ 11-month average; August 1945 excluded because of VJ-day holiday period. *2 M an-H our Indexes Table C-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours in industrial and constiuction activity ^ (1 9 4 7 -4 9 = 1 0 0 ) Year and month TOTAL 2J 19*7: Average.. 19*8: Average.. 19*9: Average.. 1950: Average.. 1951: Average.. 1952: Average.. 1953: Average.. 195*: Average*. 1955: Average.. 1956: Average.. IO3.6 IO3 .* 93.O IOI.5 IO9.5 IO9.7 II3.3 IOI.9 108.* Contract Manufac Mining construct ion turing division division division IO5 .I 105.4 89.5 91.0 95.0 90.9 87.5 9*.6 103.* 102.0 109.1 12*. 1 Total: Durab le goods Total : Nondurab le goods 106.1 IO3 .I 102.1 9*. 7 Manufacturing -- Durable goods Lumber and Ordnance and wood products accessories (except furniture) 118.9 126.7 110.2 7Y.4 Ó0.3 82.3 139.* 10*.8 103.2 92.0 101.1 108.* 108.* 113.6 101.1 107.7 107.9 1955: Dec____ _ II2.3 82.9 12*.3 112.6 122.5 100.8 389.3 1956: Jan ........... Feb..... Mar..... Apr..... IO8.I IO7 .* IO6.6 82.0 80.9 80.4 81.8 112.0 113.0 11 *. 0 128.1 1 *0.0 109.3 II9.0 117.4 97.6 97.6 389.3 385.8 374.1 381.0 377.3 374.6 May........... Aug..... Sept..... Oct..... Nov........... Year and month 108.2 IO8.5 IIO.9 127.5 123.1 81.7 IO6.5 112.9 11*. 5 84.7 15*.* 76.1 15*.* 159.9 159.8 157.3 83.7 85.6 11*. 9 84.1 112.2 112.1 84.8 1**.* 82.3 135.5 108.* 107.3 107.1 107.0 116.2 II6.8 99.7 93.5 97.5 97.* 101.2 107.6 91.1 107.4 290.4 625.0 798.5 509.7 413.2 375.6 87.9 104.1 «9-7 102.7 II5.7 II6.6 I25.2 IO7.5 116.2 105.8 106.* II7.5 115.6 115.6 101.7 99.2 99.7 98.6 96.7 9*.7 9*.l 95.* IO7.3 114.6 95.0 108.1 109.9 110.9 116.8 119.6 100.3 101.7 100.* 97.6 109.6 110.6 119-7 121.6 97.* Manufacturing - Durable goods - Continued Stone, clay, Fabricated Machinery Primary metal Furniture and glass (except metal industries and fixtures products products electrical) 368.7 355.0 371.8 373.6 371.9 382.7 Electrical machinery 102.7 90.3 99.6 102.7 96.9 93.0 8*.7 90.5 86.5 83.6 83.3 80.1 83.9 87.6 92.* 90.7 95.0 91.2 88.6 83.0 79.1 Transporta tion equipment Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. 103.3 104.6 92.1 111.5 105.9 106.2 108.5 96.7 106.2 106.9 102.8 IO3.9 93.3 102.9 111.* 10*. 3 106.6 99.2 108.6 110.9 105.4 106.6 88.0 104.1 115.7 104.6 113.9 94.2 110.0 110.5 106.7 103.8 89.4 106.5 115.8 112.1 123.4 108.8 118.0 116.3 108.3 106.6 85.1 94.0 116.9 118.4 119.0 100.9 106.4 116.0 111.1 102.9 86.0 107.6 123.7 131.2 147.1 123.1 130.8 139.7 102.9 100.9 96.3 106.1 124.5 I38.O 158.6 134.3 146.3 136.0 1955: Dec..... 113.8 112.* 117.9 123.7 116.4 i4o .6 154.0 1956: Jan..... Feb..... 108.8 109.5 108.0 104.9 102.6 103.4 108.2 108.1 109.6 111.* 112.8 113.5 117.8 115.4 114.3 115.2 112.8 112.6 118.8 117.4 116.3 117.0 114.1 113.6 116.3 117.2 117.3 118.6 116.5 116.0 136.3 13*. 5 133.4 139-8 138.5 137.I 146.9 138.7 136.6 135.I 128.1 126.5 101.1 107.6 109.8 110.9 106.7 108.9 109.7 112.8 111.1 113.3 111.* 110.2 73-8 106.7 114.3 113-7 113.1 115.6 106.9 111.9 117.3 121.3 119.9 121.7 112.8 113.1 115.0 114.9 114.7 118.1 133> 138.7 142.8 146.6 146.8 145.4 127.3 125.7 124.4 137.6 147.9 157.2 19*7: 19*8: 19*9: 1950: 1951J 1952: 1953s 195*J 1955i 1956: Mar........... May........... June.... July.... A ug..... Sept.... Nov..... D ec ..... See footnotes at end of table. *3_ M an-H our Indexes Table C-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours in industrial and construction activity ^ Continued Year and month Average .. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average .. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. (1947-49 - 100) Manufacturing - Durable goods-Con. Miscellaneous Inst rument s Food and mariufacturing kindred and related industries products products Manufacturing -- Nondurable goods Text ile-mi11 Apparel and other Tob acco finished textile manufactures products products 107.5 103.0 89.5 97.4 117.5 122.7 129.9 115.9 117.9 122.4 104.6 104.2 91.2 IOI.3 I03.I IOO.5 IO9.5 98.8 104.1 104.9 IO3.9 100.0 96.1 95.2 95.9 94.7 93.7 90.5 91.0 91.9 105.9 101.0 93.1 89.2 91.2 92.2 90.1 88.5 91.5 88.6 104.5 105.7 89.9 100.1 96.0 90.7 78.7 83.0 80.1 99.6 101.6 98.8 103.0 101.9 104.5 106.9 98.8 104.9 104.3 1955: Dec..... 123.1 109.0 90.3 97.8 86.8 110.6 1956: Jan..... Feb..... M ar ..... A pr ..... May..... June.... 121.2 121.6 121.2 122.6 121.5 120.8 103.0 105.3 104.2 IO3.4 102.9 102.7 84.9 82.6 82.9 82.3 85.4 91.0 89.9 81.6 76.5 74.6 76.6 77.7 84.3 84.3 107.4 112.4 109.1 102.9 99.5 99.2 July.... A ug ..... 119.2 122.3 124.4 125.2 124.4 125.0 97.7 IO5.3 IO8.5 111.7 IO8.6 105.4 95.5 IO5.7 IIO.7 101.4 93.* 88.9 74.5 99.7 114.6 107.8 97.1 95.3 19*7: 1948: 1949: 1950: 1951: 1952: 1953i 1954: 1955: 1956: Oct..... Nov..... Dec..... Year and month Manufacturing - Nondurable good:3 - Continued Chemicals Products of Printing, pub Paper and lishing, and and allied petroleum allied products allied industries products and coal 89.8 82.5 80.3 79.0 78.3 75-2 78.4 78.5 80.2 80.2 79.8 Rubber products 97.2 105.2 103.3 105.8 104.5 105.2 Leather and leather products 102.6 102.3 95.1 105.4 109.9 105.9 111.6 109.3 114.4 116.5 101.4 100.5 98.0 99.5 101.6 102.7 105.4 104.7 108.6 113.1 IO3.3 102.6 94.1 97.2 IO5.5 104.7 108.I 103.5 107.0 IO8.6 99.0 102.7 98.3 97.3 102.1 98.2 100.9 95.8 9*.5 94.1 IO9.8 102.0 88.1 IOI.9 IO8.5 IO8.4 111.6 96.4 II3.3 IO9.4 105.8 100.8 93.4 97.8 92.1 96.9 96.5 89.9 95.0 92.7 1955: Dec..... 119.0 114.0 110.1 93.0 II9.9 99.5 1956: Jan...... Feb..... Mar ..... Apr..... 115.8 114.1 115.5 115.6 115.1 116.8 109.9 110.3 112.2 112.2 111.7 111.9 IO9.I IO9.O 110.4 111.0 109.3 108.1 93.3 91.5 93.7 93.5 II7.5 II3.I IO9.6 IO9.7 IO8.3 IO3.6 99.1 101.7 116.4 117.4 118.6 117.9 117.4 118.3 111.0 105.8 106.3 108.2 108.5 107.9 108.7 103.8 IO6.6 92.4 93.6 89.3 1947: 1948: 1949: 1950: 1951• 1952: 1953i 1954: 1955s 1956: Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Oct..... Dec...... 112.9 114.7 116.3 115.1 117.3 02.5 94.9 94.0 96.4 97.3 94.7 94.6 94.4 IO9.7 II2.9 101.1 II2.9 97.0 89.4 87.5 91.7 89.1 88.9 91.2 JL/ Aggregate man-hours are for the weekly pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month and do not represent totals for the month. Por mining and manufacturing industries, data refer to production and related workers. For contract construction, the data relate to construction workers. _2/ Includes only the divisions shown. 44 State and Area Hours and Earnings Table C-6*. Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas Average weekly earnings State and area 1956 1956 1955 Average hourly earnings 19!5b llov. 1953 ' Dec. 39.6 *0.5 39.1 *1.1 4l.o 40.7 $1.71 2.14 2.04 $1.69 2.16 1.95 $1.5* 2.00 1.75 42.7 42.0 *2.* *1.6 42.6 41.1 2.19 2.16 2.19 2.15 2.07 2.08 5**23 40.0 *0.1 41.4 1.43 l .*2 1.31 56.43 52.48 40.5 *0.6 4l.O 1.41 1.39 1.28 Dec. Dec. Nov. $66.92 87.48 76.25 $63.29 82.00 71.23 40.1 40.5 42.9 93.51 90.72 92.86 89.44 88.18 85.49 57.20 56.9* 57.11 Nov. $68.57 86.67 87-52 ARIZONA...................................... ARKANSAS.................................... L i t t l e RockN. L i t t l e R o ck .................. M obile...................................... Average weekly hours Dec. S e c. ALABAMA...................................... _1222_ Dec. CALIFORNIA................................ Fresno...................................... Los Angeles-Long Beach..* Sacramento.............................. San Bernardi noR ivers id e-O n tario ............. San D iego............ .................. San F ran cisco-O aklan d .. . . San J o se .................................. S tockton .................................. 93.17 76.64 9*. 01 9*.3* 91.99 74.68 92.61 95.11 87.32 77.63 87.81 79.38 40.8 38.1 41.5 40.0 *0.7 37.* *1.2 *0.6 40.7 39-9 41.3 37-* 2.28 2.01 2.26 2.36 2.26 2.00 2.25 2.35 2.15 1.95 2.13 2.12 91.62 99.11 95.35 93.5* 83.67 91.03 96.24 93.61 92.41 79.66 84.76 90.28 88.75 85.68 79.76 4o .6 43.6 39.5 40.5 38.8 *0.6 *2.* 39.3 *0.8 37.3 40.4 42.1 39.* 4o .3 38.9 2.26 2.27 2.41 2.31 2.16 2.2* 2.27 2.38 2.27 2.1* 2.10 2.15 2.25 2.12 2.05 COLORADO.................................... Denver...................................... 86.32 85.*9 84.46 85.28 79.32 80.97 41.7 *1.3 *1.* *1.2 4l.l 41.1 2.07 2.07 2.0* 2.07 1.93 1.97 B rid gep o rt.............................. H artfo rd .................................. Nev B r it a in ............................ Nev Haven................................ Stamford.................................. Waterbury................................ w> 84.84 89.25 91.14 82.19 80.51 88.80 82.82 83.42 86.43 88.31 82.21 77.70 86.53 87.71 ryS W) *2.0 *2.3 *3.* *1.3 *1.5 *1.3 *1.0 43.0 43.0 *3.5 43.0 42.0 41.6 44.3 Ü/J n/) n/i cy) 2.02 2.11 2.10 1.99 1.9* 2.15 2.02 1.9* 2.01 2.03 1.91 1.85 2.08 1.98 GE/) (5// (!/) W) W) n jS W) \X/S DELAWARE.................................... W ilm ington............................. 89.88 101.29 85.69 96.10 78.53 91.12 *2.8 *3.1 *1.8 *1.6 40.9 41.8 2.10 2.35 2.05 2.31 1.92 2.18 DISTRICT OF COLOMBIA: Washington.............................. 86.80 85.32 86.11 *0.0 39.5 41.4 2.17 2.16 2.08 FLORIDA...................................... J a c k s o n v ille .......................... Miami........................................ Tampa-St. P etersb u rg......... 65.10 73.85 65.12 65.25 63.70 72.62 63.99 64.06 59.92 61.93 61.35 60.61 *2.0 *2.2 *0.7 *1.3 *1.1 *1.5 *0.5 *0.8 42.2 39-7 40.9 41.8 1.55 1.75 1.60 1.58 1.55 1.75 1.58 1.57 l .*2 1.56 1.50 l .*5 GEORGIA................... ................... A tla n ta ............................ Savannah.................................. 61.81 79.07 77.93 61.26 77.*9 77-28 56.86 71.28 73.27 *0.* *1.* *1.9 *0.3 *1.0 *2.0 41.2 41.2 43.1 1-53 1-91 1.86 1.52 1.89 1.8* 1.38 1.73 1.70 IDAHO................. ......................... 81.81 83.23 85.97 *0.3 *1.0 43.2 2.03 2.03 1.99 41.9 42.0 41.3 46.1 2.17 2.26 2.25 2.15 2.15 2.25 2.25 2.12 2.05 2.1* 2.15 2.09 ILLINOIS.................................... Chicago.................................... P e o ria ...................................... 89.66 93.99 91.*5 94.99 88.70 92.53 91.21 93.*8 86.10 89.77 88.89 96.14 *1.* *1.5 *0.6 **.2 *1.2 *1.2 *0.6 **.1 INDIANA...................................... 91.3* 89.80 87.89 *1.3 *0 .9 41.9 2.21 2.20 2.10 IOWA............................................ Des Moines..............................' 82.93 87.44 81.77 83-75 78.81 84.46 *0,9 *0.1 *0.7 39.6 41.6 40.5 2.03 2.18 2.01 2.12 1.89 2.08 See footnotes at e n d of table. State and Area Hours and tamings Table C-6: Hours and gross earnings of production woHcers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas - Continued State and area KANSAS.................... Topeka................... Wichita.................. Average weekly earnings 1955 AS>56 Dec. No t . Dec. $90.11 $89.15 $83.60 84.41 78.81 81.73 92.42 86.32 9*.05 Average weekly hour s 150 .1955 Dec. Ho t . *2.6 *0.5 *2.9 *2.3 *2.0 *2.2 Dec. 42.4 41.2 41.9 Average hourly earnings 1956 1955 No t . Dec. Dec. $2.11 $2.12 *1.97 2.02 2.01 1.91 2.19 2.19 2.06 76.21 86.29 74.95 83.19 (1/) (I/) *0.0 *1.0 41.6 41.5 a/) G/> 1.90 2.11 1.80 e/> LOUISIANA................. Baton Rouge.............. Nev Orleans.............. 76.91 103.68 75.60 76.74 105.26 75.67 71.38 98.36 69.43 41.8 40.5 40.0 *2.* *0.8 43.0 41.5 4o .6 1.8* 1.81 2.58 1.85 1.66 2.37 1.71 MAINE..................... Levi «ton................, Portland................. 66.110 55.22 63.28 5*. 19 67.20 41.3 38.0 42.1 35.3 *0.3 42.2 39.* 42.5 1.61 Ti.99 64.31 51.89 68.33 l.*5 1.71 1.61 1.47 1.69 1.50 1.38 1.58 MARYLAND.................. Baltimore................ 82.5* 86.89 82.14 87.02 77.88 82.56 40.8 41.2 *1.0 *1 .* 41.2 41.6 2.02 2.11 2.00 2.10 1.89 1.99 MASSACHUSETTS............. Boston................... Fall Rirer............... Nev Bedford.............. Springfield-Holyoke..... Worcester................ 75.33 79.38 55.88 60.37 73.26 76.63 57.13 59.03 81.38 81.97 72.10 74.44 53.72 58.46 77.98 84.77 40.5 40.5 37-5 38.7 *1.5 40.6 39.6 41.2 40.9 38.1 39.5 41.7 42.6 1.86 1.96 1.85 1.9* 1.45 1.57 1.98 2.07 1.75 MICHIGAN.................. Detroit.................. Flint.................... Grand Rapids............. Lansing.................. Muskegon................. Saginaw.................. 106.73 114.29 121.45 89.98 115.71 96.81 100.36 100.02 106.13 113-97 87.40 111.93 43.6 44.3 46.8 41.2 *5-5 42.0 43.0 *1.5 *1.9 94.12 96.05 98.53 107.74 87.14 111.89 93.23 89.42 MINNESOTA................. Duluth................... Minneapolis-St. Paul.... 84.65 85.5* 86.24 83.15 84.36 85.35 81.91 80.77 84.24 41.2 39.* 40.8 *0 .9 39.* MISSISSIPPI............... Jackson.................. 53.04 62.88 53.86 61.76 51.24 58.92 39.0 42.2 MISSOURI.................. Kansas City.............. St. Louis................ 78.80 87.12 87.77 79-26 85.44 87.29 74.22 83.83 81.54 MONTANA................... 91.23 89.79 NEBRASKA.................. Omaha.................... 78.5* (i/) k e o t u c k t .................. NEW HAMPSHIRE............. Manchester............... no 83.00 83.6* 39.9 39.5 39.^ 37.6 *1 .1 39-6 kk.Q *0.0 **.* 39.1 *1.3 42.0 4l .4 44.3 42.2 45.8 42.3 4l.o 1.89 l.*9 1.56 2.00 2.06 2.*5 2.58 2.60 2.18 2.5* 2.31 2.33 2.41 2.53 2.54 2.19 2.52 2.27 2.28 1.82 l.kl l .*8 1.87 1.99 2.29 2.38 2.*3 2.07 2.** 2.20 2.18 *0.6 42.0 39.0 *1.5 2.05 2.18 2.11 2.04 2.14 2.10 39.6 *2.3 42.0 44.3 1.36 l .*9 1.36 1.46 4o.o *0.0 4o.8 2.10 2.15 1.98 •2.08 2.14 1.83 *0.9 40.5 4l .8 1.97 41.2 40.9 89.50 41.2 *0.9 41.9 2.22 2.20 2.1 * 79.55 85.87 76.84 85.29 41.9 *2.5 *3.1 42.8 44.8 1.88 <i/> 1.87 1.99 1.79 (i/) 97.78 93.86 89.38 38.8 38.0 39.2 2.52 2.47 2.28 6k.9k 59-*3 63.83 57.23 62.85 58.55 *1 .1 39.1 *0.* 37.9 41.9 1.58 1.58 1.51 1.50 l .*6 See footnotes at end of table. *6 88.80 *0 .9 2.56 2.00 *0.7 4o.i 1.52 1.95 2.07 2.03 1.22 1.33 2.00 2.00 1.90 State and Area H ours and farm ngs Table C-& Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas - Continued Average weekly earnings 1956 1955 Dec. Dec. Ho t . $82.32 $86.1*2 $85.27 86.41 84.45 Newark-Jersey City 3/.... 87.78 Paterson 3/ ............ 86.53 86.69 81.79 Perth Aaboy 3J ......... 83.ll 88.30 86.79 Trenton................ 83.14 86.10 81.89 State and area NEW MEXICO.............. Albuquerque........ . 88.60 88.20 86.30 86.11 YORK................ Albany-Schenectady-Troy.. Blnghanton............. Buffalo................ F,lm1ra................. Nassau and Suffolk Counties 2/.... New York-Northeastern New Jersey............ New York City 3J ....... Rochester.............. Syracuse............... Utica-Rome............. Westchester County ¿/.... 82.19 92.1*6 75-43 81.28 NORTH CAROLINA.......... Charlotte.............. Greensboro-High Point.... NORTH DAKOTA........... . Youngstown............. 2 .1 * 2.11 2.03 2.02 78.08 1*0.0 1*0.0 *0.1 *1 .1 *0.0 *1.9 *1.0 2.05 2.03 41.5 4o.o 4i.4 41.5 2.22 1.88 2.20 2.37 1.98 1.90 2.3* 1.96 1.95 2.08 1.82 42.7 *1.6 2.26 2.23 2.08 39.6 2.07 40.9 4i.6 4i .3 41.8 39.7 38.* *1 .* *2.2 *2.1 *0.1 2.01 2.15 2.05 1.99 2.15 1.96 1.92 2.08 2.08 81.25 97.1* 95.*5 86.60 43.1 81.18 77.81 73.63 39-7 38.3 40.8 41.6 41.9 4i.8 86.60 82.20 87.16 76.23 87.9* 86.48 79-27 86.33 57-37 62.1*3 57.31 56.96 60.53 55.38 54.65 58.51 53.33 4o.4 39.8 1*0.4 40.9 39.0 77.98 77.07 87.93 76.68 95.59 97-75 9Û.07 88.75 99.57 87.90 101.33 96.92 85.28 84.61 79.37 75.7* 41.9 38.2 l.*l l .*8 l .*2 1.38 1.81 1.93 1.96 4/1.65 2.29 2.*1 2.36 43.2 44.2 *A3.0 *3.1 92.66 91.33 91.96 (1 /) 83.90 96.45 41.7 40.6 40.3 42.1 42.3 1*0.9 41.7 1*0.8 42.1 4l.O 39*7 39.6 41.8 42.0 1*0.4 1*0.5 39-2 4o.4 *1.9 39.* 0 /) *2.2 *2.8 (1/) 4i.8 42.2 41.2 41.2 1*2.9 4o.l 41.9 91.27 (i/> 100.07 (i/) 1.80 2.33 2.11 2.35 2.15 43.0 2. *3 W ) 2.58 2.38 2.07 1.93 2 .11 2 .1 * 2.09 2.13 1.91 1.77 2.09 2.** 1 .8* 1.91 1.98 1.75 1.69 1.98 38.5 38.3 39.2 38.8 2.32 2.26 84.25 83.21 78.67 40.7 40.2 40.7 84.1*0 90.09 75.83 72.57 83.18 89.1*6 76.14 82.05 70.75 70.47 81.46 1*0.0 39.8 42.0 39.7 4i.4 1*0.4 1*0.3 1*0.5 39.6 38.4 41.2 39.8 41.5 1*0.5 41.8 41.1 41.2 40.5 39-5 37.8 41.5 Wilkes-Barre— Hazleton... York................... S ee footnote« 62.63 57.56 71.04 9>*.88 71.77 57-99 53.52 68.89 (i/) 2.33 2.07 38.5 38.9 86.50 2.25 2.29 2.15 89.73 83.46 101.93 74.52 2.09 2.3* 2.13 2.39 2.33 2.32 89.1*0 85.49 39.7 2.32 2.23 89.1*0 87.95 4i.o 40.8 4i.i 1*0.5 38.9 37.8 41.3 2.18 2.33 (1 /) 1.99 2.00 OREGON................... 75-83 73-28 84.1*4 98.33 7*. 52 62.57 58.37 70.04 2.26 1.76 85.81 75.50 84.00 42.1 1.81 1.82 79-93 77.22 PENNSYLVANIA............ Allentovn-BethlehemEaston................ Erie................... Harrisburg............. Lancaster.......... . Philadelphia........... Pittsburgh............. Reading................ 1.35 1.80 2.1 * 81.51 75.5* 89.1*0 Portland............... 1.32 1.9* OKLAHOMA................ Oklahoma City.......... Tulsa.................. 1*2.9 1*2.0 1.89 I .89 W ,i 103.5* 76.26 2.06 2.56 108.68 (Ï/) 2.06 2.00 l .*2 l.*9 l.** 42.7 41.6 86.01 96.88 2.24 1.92 *1 .* *2 .* 39.5 78.21 98.37 2.09 1.92 4/70.91 87.21 2.09 1.96 2.09 86.56 93.76 91.95 1.98 *0.7 *1.0 83.78 82.18 2.06 40.9 41.2 76.06 96.88 98.60 2.10 41.4 42.2 41.7 1*0.2 41.7 41.9 91-30 Average hourly earnings 1956 1955 Dec. Dec. Nov. $2.10 $2.11 $2.00 2.12 2.1 * 2.03 2.09 2.09 1.97 2.16 2 .1 * 2.03 82.62 82.82 85.46 72.69 94.00 78.7* 80.19 OHIO.................... Akron.................. Canton................. Cincinnati............. Cleveland.............. Columbus............... Dayton................. Average weekly hour8 1955 IS »6 Dec. Dec. Ho t . *1.2 1*0.9 40.7 1*0.8 4i.o *1.5 *1.6 41.4 41.5 *0.9 1*0.9 40.5 4i.l *1 .* 1*0.3 1.95 1.79 2.17 1.91 1.77 2.12 2.*8 1 .8* 1.61 1.52 1.72 1.58 1.52 1.70 (Ï/) 2.30 1.77 l.*7 l .*2 1.66 mt «itô oif table. *7 State and Area H ours and E a rn in g s Table C-& Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas - Continued State and area RHODE ISLAND.............. Providence............... Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours 1<» . .. It>56 1955 1_8?3___ 1 Dec. Nov. Nov. Dec. Dec. Dec. *1.0 $66.1* $65.64 $68.12 *0.0 38.5 67.09 68.85 66.40 39.7 *1.5 *0.5 Averagi5 hourly earnings 1956 Nov. Dec. Dec. $1.60 $1.72 $1.70 I.6O I.70 I.69 SOUTH CAROLINA........... Charleston............... 58.49 64.80 58.34 63.36 55.59 55.98 *0.9 *0.5 *0.8 *0.1 *1.8 39.7 l .*3 I.6O l .*3 1.58 1.33 l.*l SOUTH DAKOTA.............. Sioux Falls.............. 81.61 95.92 80.85 88.73 77.58 90.55 *5.2 *9.8 *7.0 *9.9 *6 o3 51.* I.8I 1.93 1.72 1.78 1.68 1.76 TENNESSEE................. Chattanooga.............. Knoxville................ Memphis.................. Nashville................ 65.93 68.51 74.26 72.57 66.99 64.48 66.63 74.29 72.16 65.53 62.78 65.83 71.68 72.33 64.17 *0.2 *0.3 39.5 *1.0 *0.6 39.8 39.9 39.1 *1.0 *0.2 *1.3 *1.* *0.5 *2.8 *1.* 1.6* 1.70 1.88 1.77 1.65 1.62 1.67 I.90 1.76 1.63 1.52 1.59 1.77 1.69 1.55 TEXAS..................... 84.20 82.19 78.07 *2.1 *1.3 *2.2 2.00 1.99 1.85 UTAH...................... Salt Lake City.......... 87.67 85.06 86.92 85.08 81.4o 79.90 *0.* *0.7 *1.0 *1.1 *0 .7 *1.* 2.I7 2.O9 2.12 2.07 2.00 1-93 VERMONT................... Springfield.............. 69.21 68.44 84.66 66.67 65.71 81.82 66.15 58.21 85.62 *2.1 *3.7 *2.6 *0 .9 *1.8 *1.5 *2.7 *0.2 *5.0 1.65 1.57 l °99 1.63 I.57 1.97 1.55 l .*5 1.90 VIRGINIA.................. Norfolk-Port smouth...... Richmond................. 64.46 73.74 72.4i 63.80 72.62 71.38 61.57 68.30 68.62 *0.8 *1.9 *2.1 *0.9 *1.5 *1.5 *1.6 *1.9 *2.1 1.58 1.76 1.72 I.56 1.75 I.72 l.*8 1.63 1.63 WASHINGTON................ Seattle.................. Spokane.................. Tacoma................... 91.67 91.36 95.30 87.87 89.55 89.09 94.58 83.80 87.09 84.73 91.56 82.04 39.5 39.8 39.7 39*1 38.7 39.O *0.0 37.1 39-3 39.1 *0.8 38.2 2.32 2.30 2.*0 2.25 2.31 2.28 2.37 2.26 2.22 2.17 2.2* 2.15 WEST VIRGINIA............. Charleston............... 82.99 101.11 82.18 98.82 79-39 97.10 39.9 *1.1 39.7 *0.5 *0.3 *0.8 2.O8 2.*6 2.07 2.** I.97 2.38 WISCONSIN................. Kenosha.................. La Crosse................ Madison.................. Milwaukee................ Racine................... 88.32 93.94 85.30 102.26 96.67 87.72 84.22 58.28 83.32 102.90 92.87 86.59 85.06 IOI.58 82.95 96.01 90.81 86.91 *2.0 *1.* *1.2 *3.5 *1.6 *0.3 *0.8 26.9 *0.6 *0.5 *0.* *2.6 **.6 *lo2 *3.1 *1.7 *1.5 2.10 2.27 2.O7 2.35 2.32 2.I8 2.07 2.I7 2.05 2.35 2.29 2.1* 2.00 2.28 2.02 2.23 2.18 2.10 WYOMING................... Casper................... 91.74 104.02 89.42 104.00 84.25 97.66 *1.7 39.* *1.* *0.0 *0.7 39«7 2.20 2.6* 2.I6 2.6O 2.07 2.*6 *3.9 l/ Hot available. 2/ In addition to Cobb, DeKalb, and Fulton Counties, Georgia, the area definition now includes Clayton County, Georgia. Continuity of hours and earnings series vith previously published data not affected. 3/ Subarea of New York-Northeastern New Jersey. */ Not comparable with current data shovn. *8 Explanatory Notes IN T R O D U C T IO N The statistics for nonfarm industries presented in this monthly report are part of the broad program of the Bureau of Labor Statistics to provide timely, coin^ prehensive, accurate, and detailed information for the use of businessmen, government o ffic ia ls , legislators, labor unions, research workers, and the general public. The statistics are an integral part of the Federal sta tistica l system, and are considered basic indica tors of the state of the Nation1s econoiny. They are widely used in following and interpreting business developments and in making decisions in such fields as labor-management negotiations, marketing, personnel, plant location, and government policy. In addition, Government agencies use the data in this report to com pile o ffic ia l indexes of production, labor productivity, and national income. E S T A B L IS H M E N T or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the unit is included under the industry indicated by the most important product or activity. The title s and descriptions of industries presented in th® Standard Industrial C lassifical Ito n a l. (U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Washington, D. C.) are used for classifying reports from manufacturing and government establishments ; the Code. (U. S. Social Security Board) for reports from a ll other establishments. c« Coverage Monthly reports on employment and, for most indus tries, payroll and man-hours are obtained from approx imately 155,000 establishments. (See table below.) The table also shows the approximate proportion of total employment in each industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions shown. REPORTS: A p p r o x i m a t e size a n d c o v erage of B L S a. Collection The employment statistics program, which is based on establishment payroll reports, provides current data for both fu l l - and part-time workers on payrolls of nonagricultural establishments (see glossary for defi nition, p. 7 -E) during a specified period each month. The BLS uses two " shuttle” schedules for this program, the BLS Form 790 (for employment, payroll, and manhours data) and the Fonn 1219 (for labor turnover data). The shuttle schedule, used by BLS for more than 25 years, is designed to assist firms to report consist ently, accurately, and with a minimum of cost. The questionnaire provides space for the establishment to report for each month.of the current calendar yearj in this way, the employer uses the same schedule for the entire year. Under a cooperative arrangement with the BLS, State agencies mail the forms to the establishments and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the information to prepare State and area, series and then send the data to the BLS Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics for use in preparing the national series. b. Industrial Classification Establishments are classified into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. This informa tion is collected each year. For manufacturing estab lishments, a product supplement to the monthly 790 report is used. The supplement provides for reporting the percentage of total sales represented by each pro duct. Information for nonmanufacturing establish ments is collected on the 790 form its e lf . In the case of an establishment making more than one product e m p l o y m e n t a n d payrolls s a m p l e 1/ Division or industry Number of Employees ments in samt>le Number in Percent sample of total Mining................................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing................... Transportation and public u t ilit ie s : Interstate railroads. 3,100 20,900 1*0, 2*00 Finance, insurance, and Service and miscellaneous: Hotels and lodging Personal services: Laundries and clean ing and dyeing Government: Federal (Civil Service State and lo c a l............. 15 735,000 2h 10 , 980,000 65 1 , 128,000 95 Ill, 600 1 , 581,000 57 £ 8,300 1 , 928,000 18 12,000 693,000 31 1,200 l!4i,000 37 2,300 9li,000 19 2 , 162,000 2, 033,000 100 ---Other transportation and public u t ilit ie s . Wholesale and retail 350,000 --hfkOO la 1 / Some firms do not report payroll and man-hour information. Therefore, hours and earnings estimates may be based on a slightly smaller sample than emoloyment estimates. Labor turnover reports are received from approx imately 10,000 cooperating establishments in the manu facturing, mining, and communication industries (see table below). The definition of manufacturing used in the turnover series is not as extensive as in the BLS series on employment and hours and earnings because of the exclusion of the following major industries from the labor turnover sampleï printing, publishing, and allied industries (since April 19-43) 5 canning and pre serving fru its, vegetables, and sea foods; women*s and misses1 outerwear; and fe rtiliz e r . A p p r o x i m a t e size a n d coverage of BLS tabor turnov er s a m p l e Group and industry Number of Employees oatoM 4ah,, wö UaUxi.oilM ments in Number in Percent of total sample sample Manufacturing................ Durable goods............ Nondurable goods. . . . Metal mining................... Coal minings Anthracite................... Bituminous................... Communication: Telephone..................... Telegraph..................... l / Does not apply. D E F IN IT IO N S AND 10,200 6 , 1*00 3,800 5 ,991*,000 1*, 199,000 1,795,000 120 57,000 20 200 71,000 & /) ( i /) 6,000 661,000 28,000 39 1*3 32 53 19 32 88 65 E S T IM A T IN G M ETH ODS: A. EMPLOYMENT Definition Employment data for a ll except Federal Government establishments refer to persons who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. For Federal Government establishments current data generally refer to persons who worked on, or received pay for, the last day of the month. Persons on an establishment payroll who are on paid sick leave, paid holiday, or paid vacation, or who \*ork during a part of the specified pay period and are un employed or on strike during the other part of the period are counted as employed. Persons are not con sidered employed who are laid o ff or are on leave with out pay, who are on strike for the entire period, or who are hired but do not report to work during the period. Proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers in house holds are also excluded. Government employment covers only civilian employees; Federal military personnel are shown separately, but their number is excluded from total nonagricultural employment. With respect to employment in educational institu tions (private and governmental), BLS considers regular full-time teachers to be employed during the summer vacation period whether or not they are specifically paid in those months. cultural industries, and appropriate adjustments made as indicated by the total counts or benchmarks. The comparison made for the fi r s t 3 months of 1955 resulted in changes amounting to 0.8 percent of a ll nonagricul tural employment. Among the eight major industry divi sions changes ranged from 0.2 to 2.3 percent, with the exception of contract construction which required an adjustment of 6.2 percent. As a result, the estimating techniques for contract construction were reviewed in detail and certain refinements have been introduced. Manufacturing industries as a whole were changed by 0.2 percent, a slightly smaller amount than necessary in 1951*. Within manufacturing, 1*3 of the 132 individual industries required no adjustment because the estimate and benchmark differed by less than 1.0 percent or less than 500 and 78 were adjusted by 1.0-1*.9 percent. One significant cause of differences between the benchmark and estimate is the change in industrial classification of individual firms, which cannot be reflected in BLS estimates until they are adjusted to new benchmarks. Other causes are sampling and response errors. The basic sources of benchmark information are the quarterly tabulations of employment data, by industry, compiled by State agencies from reports of establish ments covered under State unemployment insurance laws. SupplemBntary tabulations prepared by the U. S. Bureau of COLd Age and Survivors Insurance are used for the group of establishments exempt from State unem ployment insurance laws because of their small size. Benchmarks for industries wholly or partly excluded from the unemployment insurance laws are derived from a variety of other sources. The BLS estimates which are prepared for the benchmark quarter are compared with the new benchmark levels, industry by industry. Where revisions are necessary, the monthly estimates are adjusted between the new benchmark and the preceding one. Following revision for these intermediate periods, the industry data from the most recent benchmark are projected to the current month by use of the sample trends. Under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish the level of employment while the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in the lev el. Estimating Lfethod The estimating procedure for industries for which data on both na ll employees” and "production and re lated workers” are published (manufacturing and selected mining industries) is outlined below; the fir s t step under this method is also used for indus tries for which only figures on ”a ll employees” are published. The fir s t step is to compute total employment (a ll employees) in the industry for the month following the benchmark period. The all-employee total for the la st benchmark month (e .g ., fcferch) is multiplied by the percent change of total employment over the month for the group of establishments reporting for both March and April. Thus, i f firms in the BLS sample for an industry report 30,000 employees in Mirch and 31,200 in April, April employment is 104 percent (31,200 divided by 30,000) of Iferch employment. I f the a ll employee benchmark in March is 4-0,000, the all-employee total in April would be 104 percent of 40,000 or 41 ,600. Benchmark Data Employment estimates are periodically compared with complete counts of employment in the various nonagri2 -E The second step is to compute the product!onworker total for the industry. The all-employee total for the month is multiplied by the ratio of production workers to all employees. This ratio is computed from establishment reports in the monthly sample. Thus, if these firms in April report 24,960 production workers and a total of 31,200 employees, the ratio of produc tion workers to all employees would be .80 (24,960 divided by 31,200). The production-worker total in April would be 33*280 (41,600 multiplied by .80). Figures for subsequent months are computed by carrying forward the totals for the previous month ac cording to the method described above. The number of women employees in manufacturing, published quarterly, is computed by multiplying the all-employee estimate for the industry by the ratio of women to all employees as reported in the industry sample. Employment Adjusted for Seasonal Variation Employment series for many industries reflect a regularly recurring seasonal movement which can be measured on the basis of past experience. By elimi nating that part of the change in employment which can be ascribed to usual seasonal variation, it is pos sible to clarify the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. Adjusted employment aggre gates are shown and also indexes (1947-49 = 100) de rived from these aggregates. The indexes have the additional advantage of comparing the current sea sonally adjusted employment level with average employ ment in the base period. Comparability with Other Employment Estimates Employment data published by other government and private agencies may differ from BLS employment sta tistics because of differences in definition, sources of information, methods of collection, classification, and estimation. BLS monthly figures are not directly comparable, for example, with the estimates of the Census Monthly Report on the Labor Force (MILF). Census data are obtained by personal interviews with individual members of a small sample of households and are designed to provide information on the work status of the whole population, classified by their demographic characteristics. The BLS, on the other hand, obtains data by mail questionnaire which are based on the payroll records of business units, and prepares detailed statistics on the industrial and geographic distribution of employment and on hours of work and earnings. Since BLS employment figures are derived from establishment payroll records, persons who worked in more than one establishment during the reporting peri od will be counted more than once in the BLS series. By definition, proprietors, self-employed persons, domestic servants, and unpaid family workers are ex cluded from the BLS but not the MRLF series. Employment estimates compiled by the Bureau of the Census from its censuses and/or annual sample surveys of manufacturing establishments also differ from BLS employment statistics. Among the important reasons for lack of comparability are differences in indus tries covered, in the business units considered parts of an establishment, and in the industrial classifi cation of establishments. Similar differences exist between the BLS data and those in County Business Patterns published jointly by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. B. LABOR TURNOVER Definition ” Labor turnover,” as used in the BLS program, re fers to the gross movement of wage and salary workers into and out of employment status with respect to in dividual firms during a calendar month. This movement is subdivided into two broad types: accessions (new hires and rehires) and separations (terminations of employment initiated by either employer or employee). Each type of action is cumulated for a calendar month and expressed as a rate per 100 employees. All em ployees, including executive, office, sales, other salaried personnel, and production workers are cov ered by both the turnover movements and the employment base used in computing labor turnover rates. All groups of employees— full- and part-time, permanent, and temporary— are included. Transfers from one es tablishment to another within a company are not con sidered to be turnover items. frfethod of Computation To compute turnover rates for individual indus tries, the total number of each type of action (ac cessions, quits, etc.) reported for a calendar month by the sample establishments in each industry is first divided by the total numb'er of employees reported by these establishments, who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of that month. The result is multiplied by 100 to obtain the turnover rate. For example, in an industry sample, the total number of employees who worked during, or received pay for, the week of January 12-18 was reported as 25,498. During the period January 1-31 a total of 284 employees in all reporting firms quit. The quit rate for the industry is: 284 x 100 = 1.1 25,498 To compute turnover rates for broader industrial categories, the rates for the component industries are weighted by the estimated employment. Separate turnover rates for men and women are pub lished quarterly for 1 month in each quarter. Only accessions, quits, and total separations are publish ed. These rates are computed in the same manner as the all-employee rates; for example, the quit rate for women is obtained from an industry sample by dividing the number of women who quit during the month by the number of women employees reported. Average monthly turnover rates for the year for all employees are computed by dividing the sum of the monthly rates by 12. Comparability with Earlier Data Labor turnover rates are available on a compara ble basis from January 1930 for manufacturing as a whole and fl*om 1943 for two coal mining and two com munication industries. Rates for many individual in dustries and industry groups for the period prior to January 1950 are not comparable with those for the subsequent period because of a revision which in volved (1 ) the adoption of the Standard Industrial Classification (1945) code structure for manufactur ing industries, and (2) the introduction of weighting 3-E in the computation of industry-group rates. Comparability with Employment Series Month-to-month changes in total employment in man ufacturing industries reflected by labor turnover rates are not comparable with the changes shown in the Bureau’ s employment series for the following reasons: as absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishments. Group averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component industries. Average Overtime Hours (1) Accessions and separations are computed for the entire calendar-month; the em ployment reports, for the most part, refer to a i-week pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. (2) The turnover sample excludes certain in dustries (see under coverage, p. 2-E). ( 3 ) Plants on strike are not included in the turnover computations beginning with the month the strike starts through the month the workers return; the influence of such stoppages is reflected, however, in the employment figures. C. HOURS AND EARNINGS Definitions of production workers, nonsupervisory employees, payrolls, and man-hours from which hours and earnings data are derived are included in the glossary, page 7-E . Methods used to compute hours and earnings averages are described in summary of methods for computing national sta tistic s, page 6-E. The overtime hours represent that portion of the gross average weekly hours which were in excess of reg ular hours and for which premium payments were made. I f an employee works on a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total compensation his holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime hours would be reported. Since overtime hours are premium hours by defini tion, the gross weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from month to month; for example, premiums may be paid for hours in excess of the straight-time workday although less than a fu ll week is worked. Diverse trends on the industrygroup level may also be caused by a marked change in gross hours for a component industry where l i t t l e or no overtime was worked in both the previous and cur rent months. In addition, such factors as stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence on overtime hours as on gross hours. Gross Average Weekly Earning3 in Current and Gross Average Hourly and Weekly Earnings Average hourly earnings for manufacturing and non manufacturing industries are on a “gross” basis, i . e . , they reflect not only changes in basic hourly and in centive wage rates, but also such variable factors as premium pay for overtime and la te-sh ift work, and changes in output of workers paid on an incentive basis. Employment shifts between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers* earnings in individual establishments also affect the general earnings averages. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries. Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings refer to the actual, return to the worker for a stated period of time; rates are the amounts stipu lated for a given unit of work or time. However, the average earnings series does not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the employer, since the following are excluded: irregular bonuses, ret roactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings for those employees not covered under the productionworker or nonsupervisory-employee definitions. Gross average weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in gross average hourly earnings, but also by changes in the length of the workweek, parttime work, stoppages for varying causes, labor turn over, and absenteeism. Average Weekly Hours The workweek information relates to average hours worked or paid for, and is somewhat different from standard or scheduled hours. Normally, such factors 4- E These series indicate changes in the level of weekly earnings before and after adjustment for changes in purchasing power as determined from the BLS Consumer Price Index. Net Spendable Average Weekly Earnings Net spendable average weekly earnings in current dollars are obtained by deducting Federal social se curity and income taxes from gross weekly earnings. The amount of income tax lia b ility depends on the number of dependents supported by the worker, as well as on the level of his gross income. To reflect these variables, net spendable earnings have been computed for two types of income receivers: (1 ) a worker with no dependents; and ( 2 ) a worker with three depend ents. The computations of net spendable earnings for both the factory worker with no dependents and the factory worker with three dependents are based upon the gross average weekly earnings for a ll production workers in manufacturing industries without regard to marital status, family composition, and total family income. Net spendable weekly earnings in 1947-49 dollars represent an approximate measure of changes in ”real” net spendable weekly earnings. ”Real” earnings are computed by dividing the current Consumer Price Index into the spendable earnings average for the current month. The resulting level of spendable earnings ex pressed in 1947-49 dollars is thus adjusted for changes in purchasing power since that base period. Average Hourly Earnings. Excluding Overtime, of Production Workers in Manufacturing Industries o ffic ia ls, and staff assistants (ICC Group I ) . Gross average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Gross average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by Average hourly earnings. Because hours and earnings data for raanufac turing and other nonmanufacturing industries are based upon reports to the BLS which generally represent 1 weekly pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, the data for railroad employees are not strictly comparable with other industry information shown in this publication. These data are based on the application of adjust ment factors to gross average hourly earnings (as de scribed in the Monthly Labor Review. May 1950, pp. 5375405 reprint available, Serial No. R. 2020). This method eliminates only the earnings due to overtime paid for at one and one-half times the straight-time rates after 40 hours a week. Thus, no adjustment is made for other premium-payment provisions— for example, holiday work, la te -sh ift work, and overtime rates other than time and one-half. Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Man-Hours The indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours are pre pared by dividing the current month’ s aggregate by the monthly average for the 1947-49 period. These aggre gates represent the product of average weekly hours and employment. S T A T IS T IC S F O R Railroad Hours and Earnings The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are based upon month ly data summarized in the M-300 report of the Inter state Commerce Commission and relate to a ll employees who received pay during the month, except executives, of the Additional industry detail may be obtainable from the cooperating State agencies listed on the inside back cover of this report. Additional information concerning the preparation employment, hours, AREAS State and area employiaBnt, hours, and earnings statistics are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with the BLS. These sta tistics are based on the same establishment reports used by the BLS for preparing national estimates. State employment series are adjusted to benchmark data from State unemployment insurance agencies and the Bureau of Old Age and Survivors Insurance. Because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and use slightly varying methods of computation, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from the o fficia l U. S. totals prepared by the BLS. The aggregate man-hours are defined as total manhours for which pay was received by f u l l - and parttime production or construction workers, including hours paid for holidays, sick leave, and vacations taken. The man-hours are for 1 week of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, and may not be typical of the entire month. NOTEî STATES A N D earnings, and labor turnover series---- concepts and scope, survey methods, and reliability and limitations---- is contained in technical notes for each of these series, available from BLS free of charge. of this information as well as similar material For a ll for other BLS sta tistic s, see Techniques of Preparing Major BLS Statis tical Series, BLS Bull. 1168, December 19%h. Copies are on f i l e in many public and university libraries, or may be ord ered from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 2$, D. C. at 65 cents each. SUM M ARY OF M ETHODS FOR C O M P U T IN G EM PLOYM ENT, H OURS, A N D Item N A T IO N A L S T A T IS T IC S E A R N IN G S Total nonagricultural divisions, major groups, and groups Individual manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries M ONTH LY DATA All employees All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of a ll employees in current month to a ll employees in previous month for sample establishments which re ported for both months. Sum of all-employee estimates for component industries. Production .workers All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by ratio of pro duction workers to a ll employees in sample establishments for cur rent month. Sum of production-worker estimates for component industries. Average weekly hours Total production or nonsupervisory man-hours divided by number of pro duction or nonsupervisory workers. Average, weighted by employment, of the average weekly hours for com ponent industries. Average hourly earnings Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker man-hours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhours, of the average hourly earn ings for component industries. Average weekly earnings Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. AN N U AL AVERAGE DATA All employees and pro duction workers Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12 . Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12 . Average weekly hours Annual total of aggregate manhours (employment multiplied by average weekly hours; divided by annual sum of employment. Average, weighted by employment, of the annual averages of weekly hours for component industries. Average hourly earnings Annual total of aggregate pay rolls (weekly earnings multiplied by employment) divided by annual aggregate man-hours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhours, of the annual averages of hourly earnings for component in dustries. Average weekly earnings Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. GLOSSARY ALL EMPLOYEES - The total number of persons on estab lishment payrolls who worked f u l l - or part-time or received pay for any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month* Includes salaried officers of corporations as well as employees on the establishment payroll engaged in new construc tion and major additions or alterations to the plant who are utilized as a separate work force (forceaccount construction workers). Proprietors, s e lfemployed persons, domestic servants, unpaid family workers, and members of the Armed Forces are ex cluded* CONSTRUCTION WORKERS - Includes working foremen, journeymen, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, labor ers, and similar workers engaged in new work, al terations, demolition, and other actual construc tion work, at the site of construction or working in shop or yard at jobs (such as precutting and pre assembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction trades; includes a ll such workers re gardless of s k i ll , engaged in any way in contract construction a ctiv itie s. CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION - Covers only firms engaged in the construction business on a contract basis for others, Force-account construction workers, i . e . , hired directly by and on the payroll of Federal, State, and local government, public u t ilit ie s , and private establishments, are excluded from contract construction and included in the employment for such establishments• DURABLE GOODS - The durable-goods subdivision includes the following major manufacturing industry groups: ordnance and accessories; lumber and wood products; furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass pro ducts; primary metal industries; fabricated metal products; machinery; electrical machinery; trans portation equipment; instruments and related pro ducts; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries as defined. This definition is consistent with that used by other Federal agencies, e .g ., Federal Re serve Board. speculative builders, subdividers, and developers; and agents and brokers). GOVERNMENT - Covers Federal, State, and local govern ment establishments performing legislative, execu tive, and judicial functions, including Government corporations, Government force-account construction, and such units as arsenals, navy yards, and hospi ta ls. Federal government employment excludes em ployees of the Central Intelligence Agency. State and local government employment includes teachers, but excludes, as nominal employees, paid volunteer firemen and elected o fficia ls of small local units. LABOR TURNOVER: Separations are terminations of employment during the calendar month and are classified according to cause: quits, discharges, layoffs, and miscellaneous separations (including military), as defined below. Quits are terminations of employment during the calendar month initiated by employees for such reasons as: acceptance of a job in another company, dissatisfaction, return to school, marriage, mater nity, i l l health, or voluntary retirement where no company pension is provided. Failure to report a ft er being hired and unauthorized absences of more than 7 consecutive calendar days are also clas sified as quits. Prior to 1940, miscellaneous separations were also included in this category. Discharges are terminations o f employment during the calendar month inititated by the employer for such reasons as employees* incompetence, violation of rules, dishonesty, insubordination, laziness, habitual absenteeism, or inability to meet physical standards. Layoffs are terminations of employment during the calendar month lasting or expected to last more than 7 consecutive calendar days -without pay, in iti ated by the employer without prejudice to the work er, for such reasons as lack of orders or materials, release of temporary help, conversion of plant, in troduction of labor-saving machinery or processes, or suspensions of operations without pay during inventory periods. ESTABLISHMENT - nA single physical location where busi ness is conducted or where services or industrial operations are performed; for example, a factory, m ill, store, mine, or farm. Where a single physical location comprises two or more units which maintain separate payroll and inventory records and which are engaged in distinct or separate activities for which different industry classifications are provided in the Standard Industrial Classification, each unit shall be treated as a separate establishment. An establishment is not necessarily identical with the business concern or firm which may consist of one or more establishments. It is also to be distin guished from organizational subunits, departments, or divisions within an establishment.” (Standard Industrial Classification Manual, U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Vol. I , Part I , p. 1, November 1945.) Persons on leave of absence (paid or unpaid) with the approval of the employer are not counted as separations until such time as i t is definitely de termined that such persons w ill not return to work. At that time, a separation is reported as one of the above types, depending on the circumstances. FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE - Covers private establishments operating in the fields of finance (banks, security dealers, loan agencies, holding com panies, and other finance agencies); insurance (in surance carriers and independent agents and bro kers); and real estate (real estate owners, including Accessions are the total number of permanent and temporary additions to the employment r o ll during the calendar month, including both new and rehired employees. Persons returning to work after a layoff, military separations, or other absences who have been counted as separations are considered accessions. Iflscellaneous separations (including military) are terminations of employment during the calendar month because of permanent disability, death, re tirement on company pension, and entrance into the Armed Forces expected to last more than 30 consecu tive calendar days. Prior to 19l|0, miscellaneous separations were included with quits. Beginning September 1940, military separations were included here. MAN-HOURS - Covers man-hours worked or paid for of specified groups of workers, during the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. The specified group of workers in manufacturing and nrining indus tries, laundries, and cleaning and dyeing plants is production and related workers; in the contract con struction industry, it is construction workers; and in the other industries, i t is nonsupervisory em ployees. The mn-hours include hours paid for holi days, sick leave, and vacations taken; i f the em ployee elects to work during a vacation period, the vacation pay and the hours i t represents are omitted. MANUFACTURING - Covers private establishments engaged in the mechanical or chemical transformation of in organic or organic substances into new products and usually described as plants, factories, or mills, which characteristically use power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment. Establishments engaged in assembling component parts of manufac tured products are also considered manufacturing i f the new product is neither a structure nor other fixed improvement. Government manufacturing opera tions such as arsenals and navy yards are excluded rrom manufacturing and are included under Government. MININj - Covers establishments engaged in the extrac tion from the earth of Organic and inorganic miner als which occur in nature as solids, liquids, or gases; includes various contract services required in mining operations, such as removal of overburden, tunneling and shafting, and the drilling or acidiz ing of o il wells; also includes ore dressing, beneficiating, and concentration. NONDURABLE GOODS - The nondurable-goods subdivision includes the following major manufacturing industry groups: food and kindred products; tobacco manu factures; textile-m ill products; apparel and other finished textile products; paper and allied products; printing, publishing, and allied industries; chemi cals and allied products; products of petroleum and coal; rubber products; and leather and leather pro ducts. This definition is consistent with that used by other Federal agencies, e .g ., Federal Re serve Board. NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES - Includes employees (not above the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical workers, repairmen, salespersons, operators, drivers, attendants, service employees, linemen, laborers, janitors, watchmen, and similar occupational levels, and other employees whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed . OVERTIME HOURS - Covers premium overtime hours of pro duction and related workers during the pay period ending nearest the 13>th of the month. Overtime hours are those for which premiums were paid because the hours wBre in excess of the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or workweek. Weekend and holiday hours are included only i f premium wage rates were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded. PAYROLL - The weekly payroll for the specified groups of fu l l - and part-time employees who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15 th of the month. The specified group of employees in the manufacturing and mining industries, laundries, and cleaning and dyeing plants is production and related workers; in the contract construction industry, i t is construction workers; and in the other industries, i t is non supervisory employees and working supervisors. The payroll is reported before deductions for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, with holding tax, bonds, and union dues; also includes pay for sick leave, holidays, and vacations taken. Excludes cash payments for vacations not taken, retroactive pay not earned during period reported, value of payments in kind, and bonuses, unless earned and paid regularly each pay period. PRODUCTION AND RELATED WORKERS - Includes working fore men and a ll nonsupervisory workers (including lead men and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial, watchman services, products development, auxiliary production for plant*s own use ( e .g ., power plant), and recordkeeping and other services closely associated with the above production opera tions . REGIONS: North - Includes a ll States except the 17 listed as South. South - Includes the following 17 States: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. (In the case of sawmills and planning m ills, general, a third region is identified - the West - and in cludes California, Oregon, and Washington.) SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS - Covers establishments pri marily engaged in rendering services to individuals and business firms, including automotive repair services. Excludes domestic service workers. Non government schools, hospitals, museums, e tc ., are included under service and miscellaneous; similar Government establishments are included under Govern ment. TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITES - Covers only pri vate establishments engaged in providing a ll types of transportation and related services; telephone, telegraph, and other communication services or pro viding electricity, gas, steam, water, or sanitary service. Similar Govermaent establishments are in cluded under Government. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE - Covers establishments en gaged in wholesale trade, i . e . , selling merchandise to retailers, and in retail trade, i . e . , selling merchandise for personal or household consumption, and rendering service incidental to the sales of goods. Similar Government establishments are in cluded under Government. Use this f o r m to r e n e w your _ ( O ( E J ren e w begin or b e g i n s u b s c r i p t i o n to E M P L O Y M E N T and ) ) m y year's subscription to ElTI p l o y m e n t E A R N I N G S and Earnings ^ Enclosed find $ ____ for ____ subscriptions. (Make check or m o n e y order payable to Superintendent of Documents. $3. 50 domestic; $4. 50 foreign.) N A M E ____________________________________________________ O R G A N I Z A T I O N _________________________________________ A D D R E S S ^ ________________________________________________ C I T Y _________________________________Z O N E ______ S T A T E S ckcC to- okc delow .... SUPERINTENDENT OF D O C U M E N T S U. S. G o v e r n m e n t Printing Office Washington 25, D C. U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B L S Regional Director 18 Oliver Street Boston 10, Mass. U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B L S Regional Director R o o m 1000 341 Ninth A v e n u e N e w Y o r k 1, N. Y. U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B L S Regional Director R o o m 664 50 Seventh Street, N. E. Atlanta 23, Ga. U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B L S Regional Director Tenth Floor 105 W e s t A d a m s Street Chicago 3, 111. U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B L S Regional Director R o o m 802 630 S a n s o m e Street San Francisco 11, Calif. U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE :1957 O -416890 9-E
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