Full text of Employment and Earnings : December 1994

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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
December 1994




In this issue: New seasonal adjustment factors
for establishment-based series

U.S. DEPARTMENT O F LABOR
Robert B. Reich, Secretary

December 1994
Vol. 41 No. 12

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner

Calendar of Features
E&E— Employment and Earnings (ISSN 0013-6840), is
prepared in the Office of Employment and Unemployment
Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications
and Special Studies. The data are collected by the Bureau of
the Census (Department of Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in cooperation with the Bureau of
Labor Statistics. A brief description of the cooperative statistical programs of the BLS with these agencies is presented
in the Explanatory Notes. The State agencies are listed on
the inside back cover.

In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings; special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.

Household data
Annual averages

Jan.

Union affiliation

Jan.

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Earnings by detailed occupation

Jan.

Employee absences

Jan.

Revised seasonally adjusted series

Jan.

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Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data,
persons of Hispanic origin, 'Vietnam-era
veterans and nonveterans, and weekly
earnings data.

Jan., Apr., July, Oct.

Establishment data

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questions concerning the data in this publication should be
directed as follows: Household data, (202) 606-6373 or
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establishment data, 606-6559; and State and area labor
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National annual averages:

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National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and
new seasonal adjustment factors

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Revised historical national data

Bulletin1

State and area annual revisions

March

Material in this publication is in the public domain and, with
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State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

May




Industry divisions (preliminary)

Jan.

Industry detail

Mar., June

Women employees

Mar., June

June

State and area labor force data
Annual revisions
Annual averages
1
The most recent publication was issued in September 1994 as Employment,
Hours, and Earnings, United States, 1909-94, BLS Bulletin 2445, and is
available from: New Orders, U.S. Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box
371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954, at $46 a copy, GPO Stock Number
029-001-03197-1.

March
May

Employment and Earnings
Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Eugene H. Becker
Editors' Note

In accordance with usual practice, the release of December 1994 data will incorporate annual revisions in seasonally adjusted unemployment and other labor force series. Because of the survey changes introduced in January 1994,
only seasonally adjusted data for the most recent year will be recomputed.

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Contents to the explanatory notes and estimates of error
Employment and unemployment developments, November 1994
New seasonal adjustment factors for the establishment data series
Summary tables and charts
Explanatory notes and estimates of error
Index to statistical tables

2
4
5
7
14
143
180

Statistical tables

Source

Historical

eason y
adjusted
J

Household data
Establishment data:
Employment:
National
State
Area
Hours and earnings:
National
State and area
Local area labor force data:
Regional
State
Area




Not
seasonally
,. . /
adjusted

16

18

27

51

55
60

72
85
85

52

68

104
127

131
133

138
138

Monthly Household Data
Page

Historical
A-l.
A-2.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1961 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1983 to date

16
17

Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
A-3.
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin

18
19

A-5.

Employment and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age

21

Characteristics of the Employed
A-6.
A-7.

Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status
Employed persons by age and sex

22
23

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-8.
A-9.
A-10.
A-ll.
A-12.

Unemployed persons by age and sex
Unemployment rates by age and sex
Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

23
24
25
26
26

Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
A-l3.
A-14.
A-l5.
A-l 6.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school
enrollment, educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race

27
30
31
33

Characteristics of the Employed
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.

Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
Employed persons by industry and occupation
Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by hours of work
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working
less than 35 hours and usual full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or
part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status

34
35
36
37
38
38
39
40
41

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.
A-32.
A-33.

Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons, total and full-time workers, by duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment

42
43
44
45
46
46
47
48

Persons Not In the Labor Force
A-34.

Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex

48

Multiple Jobholders
A-35.

Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics

49

Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans
A-36.

2




Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age

49

Monthly Establishment Data
Page

Historical
B-l.
B-2.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1943 to date
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date

51
52

Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment
National
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups
B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry
and manufacturing group
B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change
States
B-7.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry

55
57
58
59
60

Hours and Earnings
National
B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group
B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry
B-l 1. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry

68
69
70
71

Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment
National
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
B-l3. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group

72
84

States and Areas
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

85

Hours and Earnings
National
B-l5. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by detailed industry
B-15a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles
(SIC 3761) manufacturing
B-l 6. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
B-l7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
States and Areas
B-l 8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in
States and selected areas

104
124
125
126

127

Monthly Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data
Seasonally Adjusted Data
C-l.
C-2.

Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions
Labor force status by State

131
133

Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
C-3.




Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas

138

Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error

Page

Page

Introduction
Relation between the household and establishment series
Comparability of household data with other series
Comparability of payroll employment data with
other series

143
143
144

Household data
Collection and coverage
Concepts and definitions
Historical comparability
Changes in concepts and methods
Noncomparability of labor force levels
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Sampling
Selection of sample areas
Selection of sample households
Rotation of sample
Estimating methods
Noninterview adjustment
Ratio estimates
First stage
Second stage
Composite estimation procedure
Rounding of estimates
Reliability of the estimates
Nonsampling error
Sampling error
Tables 1-B through 1-H

145
145
145
148
148
149

Establishment data
Collection
Concepts

163
163
163




144

151
151
152
152
153
154
154
154
154
154
154
155
155
155
155
156

Establishment data—Continued
Estimating methods
Benchmarks
Monthly estimation
Stratification
Link relative technique
Bias adjustment
Summary of methodology table
The sample
Design
Coverage
Reliability
Measures of error tables
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error
Estimated standard errors for employment, hours,
and earnings
Standard errors for differences between industries
and times
Noneconomic code changes
Revisions between preliminary and final data
Statistics for States and areas

165
166
166
166
166
166
167
168
168
169
169
169
169
169
170
170
170
173

Regional, State, and area labor force data
Federal-State cooperative program
Estimating methods
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates
Benchmark correction procedures
Estimates for sub-State areas
Preliminary estimate:
Employment
Unemployment
Sub-State adjustment for additivity
Benchmark correction

176
176
176
176
176
177
177

Seasonal adjustment

178

177
177
177
177

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, November 1994

Employment expanded further in November and unemployment continued to fall. The unemployment rate, at 5.6
percent, was down 0.2 percentage point over the month and
has declined by 1.1 points since January. Nonfarm payroll
employment rose by 350,000 in November, with noteworthy gains in the services, construction, and manufacturing
industries. Average hourly earnings in the private sector
decreased slightly, following a marked rise in October.
Unemployment
Both the number of unemployed persons and the unemployment rate declined in November. At 5.6 percent, the
jobless rate has fallen by half a percentage point since August and by 1.1 points since January. The number of persons unemployed has dropped by 1.4 million since January
to 7.3 million. (See table A-3.)
The unemployment rates for adult men (4.9 percent) and
teenagers (15.3 percent) declined over the month. Adult
women's jobless rate was unchanged at 5.0 percent, after
falling 0.3 percentage point in the prior month. Rates for
whites (4.8 percent), blacks (10.5 percent), and Hispanics
(8.6 percent) were all down from their October levels. (See
tables A-3 and A-4.)

Total employment and the labor force
Total employment rose by 372,000 in November to a seasonally adjusted level of 124.6 million. Employment has
grown sharply since July, and, as a result, the employmentpopulation ratio—the proportion of the working-age population with jobs—has risen nearly a full percentage point to
63.1 percent. (See table A-3.) About 7.5 million persons
(not seasonally adjusted), or 6.0 percent of all employed
persons, held more than one job in November (table A-35).
The number of persons working part time even though they
would have preferred full-time work was unchanged at 4.4
million (table A-6).
The civilian labor force, at 131.9 million, was little
changed in November, after seasonal adjustment. The labor force participation rate, at 66.8 percent, remained at a
very high level and has risen half a percentage point since
July. (See table A-3.)

Persons not in the labor force
The number of persons with a marginal attachment to the
labor force—those who wanted and were available for work




but were no longer actively looking after having searched
for work sometime during the past 12 months—was 1.7
million (not seasonally adjusted) in November. Of that total, the number of discouraged workers—persons who were
not looking because they felt there were no jobs available
for them—was 447,000. (See table A-34.)
Industry payroll employment
Total nonfarm payroll employment climbed by 350,000
in November to 114.7 million, seasonally adjusted. The
bulk of this increase occurred in three industries—services,
construction, and manufacturing. (See table B-3.) Since
January, the number of payroll jobs has expanded by 3.0
million.
An unusually large amount of the November job gain took
place in the goods-producing industries. After showing little
change in October, the construction industry added 71,000
jobs, with growth occurring in all three of its component
industries—special trade contractors, general building contractors, and heavy construction. The return of some construction workers in the Southeast who were unable to work
during the heavy and prolonged October rains added to the
November total. Also, the November survey likely recorded
fewer seasonal layoffs than normal, because the reference
week—the week containing the 12th of the month—occurred
very early (November 6-12). Mining employment continued to edge down in November, reflecting further job losses
in oil and gas extraction.
Manufacturing employment increased by 51,000 in November, following an advance of nearly this magnitude in
October. November gains were widespread in the durable
goods industries, with the largest in industrial machinery,
electronic equipment, fabricated metals, and lumber and
wood products. Within nondurables, gains in food processing and in rubber and plastics were partially offset by losses
in apparel, which continued its slow, long-term employment
decline. The number of factory jobs has risen by 255,000
since reaching a low in September 1993.
Employment in the services industry rose by 147,000 over
the month. Nearly two-thirds of the advance took place in
business services, largely in personnel supply. In contrast,
health services had a smaller-than-usual employment increase, while hotels and other lodging places continued a
string of job losses that began in August.
Retail trade employment edged up by 25,000 (on a sea-

sonally adjusted basis) in November. This total reflected
gains in building materials and garden supply stores, food
stores, and automotive dealers. These gains were partially
offset by declines in apparel and other specialty retailers
and in general merchandise stores; the early timing of the
survey reference week most likely failed to capture some of
the typical November holiday buildup in these seasonal retail industries. Wholesale trade employment rose only
slightly (9,000) in November; this industry, however, has
added about 140,000 jobs over the past 12 months.
The transportation industry added 18,000 jobs in November; most of the increase occurred in trucking and warehousing. The real estate industry also added workers, while
job losses continued in nondepository financial institutions
(such as mortgage banking) and the insurance industry. A
small gain in local government employment mostly reflected
the hiring of temporary workers for the November elections.
Weekly hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls declined by 0.3 hour




in November, returning to its September level of 34.6 hours,
seasonally adjusted. The average manufacturing workweek
and factory overtime held steady at 42.1 and 4.7 hours, respectively. Both remain at extremely high levels. (See table
B-8.)
As a result of the decrease in hours, the index of aggregate weekly hours of private production or nonsupervisory
workers on nonfarm payrolls was down 0.5 percent to 130.5
(1982=100) in November, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing index rose by 0.3 percent to 106.7. (See table
B-9.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of private production or
nonsupervisory workers slipped 2 cents in November to
$11.22, seasonally adjusted, following a 7-cent rise in October (as revised). The 2-month gain of 5 cents was about
in line with the trend over the past year. Average weekly
earnings decreased by 1.0 percent in November to $388.21.
Over the year, both hourly and weekly earnings increased
by 2.6 percent. (See tables B-ll and B-15.)

Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month

Release date

Reference month

Release date

December

January 6

March

April 7

January

February 3

April

May 5

February

March 10

May

June 2

Reader survey in January
The first page of January's Employment and Earnings will be a readership survey.
Please take the few moments needed to complete the survey and respond by mail
or fax. We are looking forward to your ideas on how we can improve.

New Seasonal Adjustment Factors
for the Establishment Data Series

Sheila McConnell
The Bureau of Labor Statistics computes and publishes
projected seasonal adjustment factors twice a year for use
in seasonally adjusting establishment-based employment,
hours, and earnings data. Tables 1-6 present factors for all
published series for the 6-month period November 1994
through April 1995. The annual revision of historical
seasonally adjusted data will occur in June 1995, concurrent
with the release of the new benchmarks and the next
semiannual update of seasonal adjustment factors (covering
May-October 1995).
The seasonal factors provided in this issue of Employment and Earnings were derived using data from January
1984 through October 1994. Seasonally adjusted data are
not published for a few series characterized by a small
seasonal component relative to the trend-cycle and/or
irregular components; these series are identified in tables 1
and 4.
For employment, seasonal adjustment factors are directly
applied to the component levels, with various seasonally
adjusted totals up through total nonfarm employment
derived through aggregation of the appropriate component
series. Seasonally adjusted totals for hours and earnings
series are obtained by taking weighted averages of the
seasonally adjusted data for the component series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for all establishment-based
series are computed using multiplicative models under XSheila McConnell is a supervisory economist in the Branch of National
Estimates, Division of Monthly Industry Employment Statistics, Bureau
of Labor Statistics.




11 ARIMA. The ARIMA option is used to project the
unadjusted data forward for 1 year prior to seasonally
adjusting the series. Two extensions of the standard seasonal
adjustment procedures are used to control for the effects of
moving holidays and elections.
The moving-holiday extension of X-ll ARIMA is used
to seasonally adjust the average weekly hours series and
manufacturing overtime hours series to account for the
presence or absence of religious holidays in the April survey
reference period and of Labor Day in the September
reference period.
A method parallel to what the moving-holiday extension
does to April and September is used to control for the effect
of elections on local government employment in the month
of November. Large numbers of election workers appear
on local government payrolls in November of national
election years, causing aberrations in the data during evennumbered years. If these effects are not controlled, they
can confound estimation of the seasonal component of
employment change for the affected months. By applying
a technique that is similar to the moving-holiday adjustment,
normal biannual fluctuations in the seasonally adjusted
local government employment series are mitigated for
November and December caused by the hiring of election
poll workers.
Additional information on the seasonal adjustment
procedure is available in the article, "BLS Establishment
Estimates Revised to Incorporate March 1993 Benchmarks,"
in the June 1994 issue of this publication.

Table 1. Seasonal adjustment factors for employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry
1995

1994
Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

Total'
Mining'
Metal mining
Coal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

99.3

99.7

98.7

98.4

98.9

0

0

O

O

O

O

101.3
101.7

101.3
97.5

99.6
91.2

98.5
91.8

97.9
94.9

98.0
99.7

101.7
104.7
102.2

99.5
94.6
98.6

94.4
82.8
91.7

92.9
82.6
90.9

93.7
86.8
92.0

96.4
96.5
96.6

Durable goods1
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures3
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries3
Blast furnaces and basic steel products3
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment.
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

100.3
100.7
100.9
100.1
99.9
100.6
99.9
100.4
100.5
100.5
100.5
100.1
101.5

99.5
100.4
99.1
100.2
100.4
100.4
100.1
100.3
100.7
101.0
100.6
100.1
99.7

97.8
99.7
96.2
99.9
100.0
99.6
100.0
99.9
99.7
98.5
100.3
99.9
98.3

97.8
99.4
96.1
99.7
99.6
99.4
100.1
99.7
99.8
99.7
99.9
99.9
98.5

98.0
99.6
97.3
99.7
99.5
99.6
100.2
99.7
99.9
99.8
100.0
99.9
99.4

98.6
99.7
99.3
99.7
99.5
99.6
100.2

Nondurable goods1
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

100.5
102.9
100.2
100.8
100.1
100.3
99.9
100.6
100.2
101.2

99.1
107.5
99.9
99.8

97.3
106.4
99.4
98.6
99.5
100.0
99.5
97.2
99.3
99.0

97.1
102.1
99.5
99.4
99.4
99.8
99.6
97.1
99.5
98.8

96.9
97.0
99.4
99.6
99.4
99.9
99.6
97.6
99.7
99.0

96.8
94.1
99.9
99.8
99.4
100.0
99.6
99.0
99.8
99.4

97.9
102.8
97.0
95.6
99.3
98.5
99.4

98.7
103.3
97.2

99.8
103.0
97.9

97.0

99.0

99.3
98.5
100.0

99.6
98.6
100.2

100.0

Construction1
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors3
Manufacturing1

Transportation and public utilities1
Transportation1
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger transit....
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities'
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services

100.0

100.5
99.9
98.5
99.9
99.9

99.8
100.1
100.2

99.8
99.8
99.7

100.0
104.3
101.6
98.7
100.1
100.3
100.1

99.5
103.9
102.6

99.8

98.1
102.5
97.5
95.6
99.5
99.0
99.2

100.3
99.6

100.1
99.6

99.5
99.4

99.5
99.3

99.5
99.4

99.5
99.5

Wholesale trade1
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

100.1
100.6

100.0
100.0

99.4
98.8

99.3
98.6

99.5
98.9

99.8
99.4

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies.......
uenerai merchandise: stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations ....
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments

99.3
106.8
100.9
99.9
103.8
102.0
99.3
103.4

98.6
110.6
101.6
99.4
109.6
104.0
99.2
106.8

94.6
101.7
99.3
98.6
100.6
100.7
95.6
100.2

94.4
96.9
98.9
98.6
97.0
99.6
96.0
99.1

96.4
96.0
98.7
98.9
97.1
99.2
97.4
98.0

100.5
96.2
98.9
99.5
97.7
99.2
99.8
98.3

See footnotes at end of table.




98.5
100.0
100.2

Table 1. Seasonal adjustment factors for employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry—Continued
1994

1995

Industry
Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

100.0
99.9
99.7
100.1

99.8
100.0
99.4

99.6
100.5
99.4

99.6
100.4

98.7

99.7

99.6
100.6
99.5
100.1

99.8
99.8
99.1

100.0

99.9
99.8
96.7

99.9
99.7
96.5

100.0
99.9
97.3

100.0
99.8
98.8

99.1

91.8
96.4
99.3
100.7

84.1
94.8
105.2
97.2
93.5
99.3
98.7
99.3
90.8
99.7
99.9
99.4
105.8
99.9

89.0
95.9

100.9
97.3

105.1
98.1

99.9
99.8
105.6
100.5

84.1
94.4
103.8
97.5
93.9
98.8
98.8
99.2
89.5
99.7
99.9
99.5
98.4
99.5

96.1
99.6
98.9
99.4
92.6
99.8
99.9
99.4
106.2
100.2

104.7
99.1
98.3
99.9
99.6
99.7
98.7
99.8
99.8
99.5
106.4
100.5

97.0
99.5
99.7

91.2
98.3
99.2

90.7
99.0
99.9

93.3
99.4
100.4

98.1
99.5
100.5

Nov.
Finance, insurance, and real estate1
Finance1
Depository institutions
Nondepository institutions
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices' .
Insurance'
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and service
Real estate

99.7
99.7

99.8
100.1

100.0

99.1

99.7

99.9

Services'
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Personnel supply services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services3
Health services
Hospitals
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Museums and botanical and zoological
gardens
Membership organizations3
Engineering and management services ..
Services, nee

97.0
98.0
101.4
103.0
99.9
100.2
99.8
90.1
100.1
100.0
99.8
108.0
100.6
96.9
99.4
99.7

101.8

99.4
99.5
101.6
91.2
100.1

O

1

Government
Federal
State'
Education
Other State government
Local'
Education
Other local government
1
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the
component series.
2
Seasonal adjustment factors are not computed because the
seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or
irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with




99.4

100.1

99.5

99.8

99.9

99.9

108.4
99.1

106.2
99.0

98.8
99.0

106.1
99.2

107.4
99.3

107.1
99.6

105.4
99.2

105.1
98.1

102.3
97.5

105.0
97.7

105.7
98.1

105.2
98.3

sufficient precision.
3
No ARIMA models were identified to extend the unadjusted
series for one year. Factors shown are projected using X-11 without
the ARIMA option.

Table 2. Seasonal adjustment factors for women employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry
1995

1994
Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

Total
Mining

99.9

99.3

98.6

98.9

99.1

99.4

100.4

99.5

97.3

96.7

97.3

98.7

Durable goods1
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment2
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

100.6
100.8
100.7
100.0
100.6
99.8
100.5
100.5
100.2
101.9

100.1
100.5
100.0
100.0
100.4
99.8
100.3
100.6
100.2
99.5

98.7
99.9
98.2
99.5
99.6
100.0
99.9
99.5
99.9
97.4

98.4
99.4
98.4
99.3
99.3
99.9
99.8
99.6
99.9
98.2

98.4
99.6
98.8
99.4
99.6
100.2
99.7
99.6
100.1
99.1

99.3
99.7
98.9
99.5
99.8
100.2
99.8
99.8
100.0
99.5

Nondurable goods1
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

101.1
104.3
100.4
100.8
100.2
100.4
100.0
99.9
100.3
101.4

98.9
110.3
99.8
99.9
99.9
100.6
100.1
99.4
100.0

96.0
108.7
99.1
98.7
98.7
99.9
99.3
98.8
99.3
98.8

95.6
103.3
99.1
99.5
98.7
99.8
99.2
98.2
99.5
98.7

95.1
95.4
99.4
99.8
98.9
100.1
99.4
98.2
99.8
98.7

95.4
89.7
99.9
99.9
98.9
100.2
99.2
98.8
99.9
99.1

Transportation and public utilities

100.7

99.7

99.6

99.7

99.6

Wholesale trade

100.8

99.3

99.3

99.4

99.5

Retail trade

102.2

98.3

97.1

97.2

98.5

99.4

99.5

99.7

99.8

98.8

99.4

99.9

100.2

99.4
99.3
101.2

99.7
102.4
102.8

99.7
102.9
103.4

99.8
102.9
103.2

Construction .
Manufacturing1

Finance, insurance, and real estate

99.7
100.2

Services

99.7
100.7
100.5
104.0
99.9
100.1

1

Government
Federal
State
Local

1
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the
component series.
2
No ARIMA models were identified to extend the unadjusted

10




99.5
102.9
103.7

100.4
102.1
103.0

series for one year. Factors shown are projected using X-11 without
the ARIMA option.

Table 3. Seasonal adjustment factors for production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry
1995

1994
Industry
Jan.

Feb.

I

Mar.

Apr.

Total private

101.6

100.4

97.7

96.6

96.9

98.2

103.3

97.8

88.8

87.6

89.4

95.4

Durable goods2
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products'
Miscellaneous manufacturing

100.3
100.8
101.1
100.1
100.0
100.7
99.8
100.6
100.4
100.5
100.2
101.8

99.3
100.4
98.8
100.2
100.5
100.5
100.2
100.2
100.7
101.0
100.2

97.6
99.6
95.4
100.1
100.3
99.5
100.2
99.8
99.8
98.7

97.7
99.6
96.9
99.8
99.4
99.4
100.6
99.6
99.9
99.8
100.2
99.4

98.4
99.8
99.4
99.8
99.6
99.6
100.4

100.0
97.6

97.5
99.4
95.4
99.8
99.7
99.2
100.4
99.6
99.8
99.6
100.0
98.3

Nondurable goods2
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products3
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

100.7
104.1
100.2
100.9
100.0
100.3
99.6
100.6
100.3
101.1

98.7 i
109.4 !
99.9
99.7
100.0
100.8
99.7
97.4
99.9
99.8

96.6
108.2
99.3
98.4
99.3
100.0
99.4
95.6
99.3
98.7

96.4
102.7
99.4
99.4
99.3
99.8
99.7
96.1
99.4
98.9

96.1
95.8
99.4
99.9
99.3
100.1
99.8
96.7
99.7
99.1

96.1

Transportation and public utilities

101.0

101.0

98.7

98.7

98.8

Wholesale trade

100.4

100.0

99.0

98.8

99.1

Retail trade

101.6

103.2

98.1

97.1

97.4

99.6

99.8

99.0

98.9

99.2

100.1

99.7

98.0

98.7

99.3

Mining
Construction

1

Manufacturing

,

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade;
finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the




99.5

99.9

100.3
100.3

100.0
99.7

92.4
100.0

100.0
99.2
100.3
99.7
99.1
99.8
99.5
99.0
99.6
98.8
99.5
100.2

component series.
3
No ARIMA models were identified to extend the unadjusted
series for one year. Factors shown are projected using X-11 without
the ARIMA option.

11

Table 4. Seasonal adjustment factors for average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry
1995

1994
Industry
Nov.

Dec.

100.9

100.9

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

Total private
5

99.7

98.8

98.9

O

O

O

O

100.2
100.7
100.7
100.2
99.9
101.0
100.3
101.2
100.4
99.8
100.8
101.9

100.9
103.0
99.5
101.1
100.9
102.2
102.6
102.5
101.9
101.4
102.1
101.6

98.3
99.2
96.9
100.1
99.3
99.5
100.2
100.1
99.3
98.6
100.2
98.9

98.2
97.6
97.2
99.4
99.0
99.1
99.8
99.5
99.1
99.1
99.6
98.8

99.2
99.3
98.3
99.9
99.4
99.4
100.2
99.9
100.2

101.6

101.4

98.2

98.5
(3)
98.7
99.4
98.9
100.1
99.9

101.4
101.3

98.9
(3)
99.2
99.4
99.9
99.1
100.1
(3)
99.9
99.9

99.9

100.2

98.8

100.0

100.4

99.2

Retail trade

99.3

101.5

97.4

Finance, insurance, and real estate

O

Services4

99.9

Mining

Construction

99.2

2

Manufacturing

Durable goods2
Lumber and wood products'
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries5
Blast furnaces and basic steel products5
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment4
Electronic and other electrical equipment.
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods2
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products5
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Transportation and public utilities4

O
100.9
101.1
100.9
101.1
100.7
(3)
100.6
100.9
5

Wholesale trade5

5

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade;
finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the
component series.
3
Seasonal adjustment factors are not computed because the
seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or
irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with

12




(3)
101.0
101.1
101.8
101.5
101.9

0

O
98.1
98.7
98.7
99.1
99.4

100.3

100.2
100.0

99.1
97.8
99.4
99.8
100.0
96.4
96.7
97.1
95.8
98.2
97.8
96.9
97.7

O
97.5
96.3
98.4
98.9
99.7

O

O

O

99.3

99.6
99.0

98.0

98.6
99.1
99.4

97.5

99.1
99.6
98.4

99.4
99.8
99.5

97.9

O
99.9

99.0

99.8

99.6

99.6

sufficient precision.
4
No ARIMA models were identified to extend the unadjusted
series for one year. Factors shown are projected using X-11 without
the ARIMA option.
5
No moving-holiday adjustment was done for April because
there was no evidence of significant effects associated with the
relative timing of Easter and the reference period of the payroll
survey.

Table 5. Seasonal adjustment factors for average weekly overtime hours of production workers on manufacturing
payrolls
1995

1994
Industry group
Nov.

i

Dec.

!

Jan.

!

Feb.

i

92.1
89.7

j

Mar.

Apr.

1

Manufacturing

Durable goods
Nondurable goods ...

105.4
104.9

Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the

109.9
104.2

94.2
93.5

78.0
86.2

96.2
93.8

component series.

Table 6. Seasonal adjustment factors for average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry
1994

1995

Industry division
Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr

99.5

100.0

101.2

100.8

100.6

100.9

Construction

100.2

100.3

99.8

99.2

99.7

99.6

Manufacturing

100.0

100.6

100.2

100.0

100.0

100.2

100.2

99.9

100.0

99.3

99.9

99.4

100.0

100.2

100.2

100.5

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.2

100.2

100.4

99.9

100.3

100.1

99.8

100.6

100.4

100.3

100.3

99.9

100.4

100.5

100.9

100.4

100.2

100.5

100.8

100.9

100.9

100.6

100.1

Nov.
Total private'
Mining

Excluding overtime
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade

3

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

3

3

Services

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade;
finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the




|

component series.
3
No ARIMA models were identified to extend the unadjusted
series for one year. Factors shown are projected using X-11 without
the ARIMA option.

13

Summary table A. Major labor force status categories, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1994

1993
Category
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Mar.

Feb.

Apr.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

196,859
130,457
66.3
122,452
62.2
8,005
66,403

197,043
131,189
66.6
123,166
62.5
8,023
65,854

197,248
131,343
66.6
123,628
62.7
7,715
65,905

197,430
131,836
66.8
124,236
62.9
7,600
65,594

197,607
131,937
66.8
124,608
63.1
7,328
65,670

5.6
4.9
5.0
15.3
4.8
10.5
8.6

June

May

July

Labor force status
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Percent of population
Unemployed
Not in labor force

194,321
128,662
66.2
120,332
61.9
8,330
65,659

194,472
128,898
66.3
120,661
62.0
8,237
65,574

195,953
130,667
66.7
121,971
62.2

196,090
130,776
66.7
122,258
62.3
8,518
65,314

65,286

196,213
130,580
66.6
122,037
62.2
8,543
65,633

196,363
130,747
66.6
122,338
62.3
8,408
65,616

196,510
130,774
66.5
122,872
62.5
7,902
65,736

196,693
130,248
66.2
122,430
62.2
7,817
66,445

Unemployment rates
All workers
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over.
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .
White
Black
Hispanic origin

6.5
5.9
5.7
18.3
5.6
12.5
10.4

6.4
5.8
5.7

6.7
5.9
6.0

6.5
6.0
5.7

6.5
5.8
6.0

6.4
5.6
5.6

6.0
5.2
5.4

6.0
5.3
5.4

6.1
5.6
5.3

6.1
5.4
5.4

5.9
5.1
5.3

5.8
5.1
5.0

17.8

18.4

17.9

17.8

19.9

18.3

16.9

17.7

17.5

17.0

17.3

5.6

5.8

5.6

5.7

5.6

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.3

5.1

5.0

11.5
10.5

13.1
10.6

12.9
10.0

12.5
10.0

11.8
10.8

11.5

11.2
10.3

11.2
10.1

11.5
10.2

10.7
10.2

11.4

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective

9.5

9.4

January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

Summary table B. Employment, hours, and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1994
Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

Nov.?

113,334
94,316
23,576
605
4,927
18,044
89,758
5,849
6,049
20,279
6,798
31,765
19,018

113,624
94,601
23,590
601
4,944
18,045
90,034
5,857
6,053
20,386
6,797
31,918
19,023

113,914
94,827
23,640
603
4,942
18,095
90,274
5,866
6,079
20,405
6,801
32,036
19,087

114,186
95,035
23,673
605
4,972
18,096
90,513
5,865
6,095
20,470
6,794
32,138
19,151

114,350
95,215
23,716
602
4,976
18,138
90,634
5,864
6,102
20,512
6,783
32,238
19,135

114,700
95,539
23,836
600
5,047
18,189
90,864
5,879
6,111
20,537
6,791
32,385
19,161

383
379
57
2
20
35
326
6
12
126
11
167
4

290
285
14
-4
17
1
276
8
4
107
-1
153
5

290
226
50
2
-2
50
240
9
26
19
4
118
64

272
208
33
2
30
1
239
-1
16
65
-7
102
64

164
180
43
-3
4
42
121
-1
7
42
-11
100
-16

350
324
120
-2
71
51
230
15
9
25
8
147
26

May
Employment

Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government

111,366
92,479
23,281
604
4,733
17,944
88,085
5,800
5,971
19,848
6,763
30,816
18,887

111,610
92,692
23,298
618
4,738
17,942
88,312
5,792
5,976
19,931
6,769
30,926
18,918

111,711
92,810
23,328
616
4,744
17,968
88,383
5,793
5,990
19,924
6,771
31,004
18,901

111,919
93,003
23,327
612
4,745
17,970
88,592
5,803
6,003
19,965
6,776
31,129
18,916

112,298
93,357
23,395
609
4,806
17,980
88,903
5,816
6,013
20,026
6,781
31,326
18,941

112,699
93,718
23,506
606
4,893
18,007
89,193
5,759
6,028
20,137
6,791
31,497
18,981

112,951
93,937
23,519
603
4,907
18,009
89,432
5,843
6,037
20,153
6,787
31,598
19,014

Over-the-month change
Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government

254
240
36
-1
33
4
218
2
6
26
15
155
14

244
213
17
14
5
-2
227
-8
5
83
6
110
31

101
118
30
-2
6
26
71
1
14
-7
2
78
-17

208
193
-1
-4
1
2
209
10
13
41
5
125
15

379
354
68
-3
61
10
311
13
10
61
5
197
25

401
361
111
—3
87
27
290
-57
15
111
10
171
40

252
219
13
-3
14
2
239
84
9
16
-4
101
33

Hours of work1
Total private
Manufacturing
Overtime

34.6
41.7
4.4

34.5
41.7

34.8
41.7

34.3
41.3

34.6
42.1

34.7
42.2

34.8
42.1

34.6
42.0

34.6
42.0

34.4
42.0

34.6
42.0

34.9
42.1

4.4

4.5

4.5

4.7

4.8

4.7

4.7

4.6

4.6

4.7

4.7

34.6
42.1
4.7

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (1982 = 100)1
Total private
Manufacturing ....

125.8
103.3

125.9
103.3

127.1
103.7

125.6
102.8

127.3
104.9

128.2
105.4

129.1
105.1

128.8
105.3

129.3
105.2

128.9
105.7

129.7
105.8

131.1
106.4

130.5
106.7

$11.08
7.39
383.37

$11.11
7.38
384.41

$11.13
7.36
382.87

$11.17
7.38
386.48

$11.24
7.42
392.28

$11.22
N.A.
$388.21

Earnings1
Average hourly earnings, total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars2
Average weekly earnings, total private
1

$10.94
7.39
378.52

$10.96
7.40
378.12

$11.02
7.43
383.50

$11.03
7.42
378.33

Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W)
is used to deflate this series.
2

14



$11.02
7.39
381.29

$11.05
7.40
383.44

$11.09
7.42
385.93

N.A. = not available.
= preliminary.

p

Chart 1. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,
1990-94
Thousands
115,000

Thousands
115,000

114,000

114,000

113,000

113,000

112,000

112,000

111,000

111,000

110,000

110,000

109,000

109,000

108,000

108,000

107,000

107,000

1990

.391

1992

1993

1994

NOTE: Shaded area represents recession.

Chart 2. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 1990-94
Percent

Percent
8.0

8.0

7.0

7.0

6.0

6.0

5.0

5.0

4.0




I

1990

t

,

t

t

t

t

I

j :

1991

1992

1993

4.0

1994

NOTE: Shaded area represents recession. Household data beginning in January 1994
reflect: 1) The introduction of the results of a major redesign of the Current Population Survey
questionnaire and collection methodology, and 2) the introduction of population controls
based on the 1990 census, adjusted for the estimated population undercount, and are not
directly comparable with data for prior years.

15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1961 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Year
and
month

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Number

Percent
of
population

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965 .
1966 ....
1967
1968
1969

118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

55.4
55.5
55.4
55.7
56.2
56.9
57.3
57.5
58.0

5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53.602

1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976 . .
1977
19781
1979

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150.120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

57.4
56.6
57.0
57.8
57.8
56.1
56.8
57.9
59.3
59.9

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900

1980 ....
1981
1982
1983
1984 ...
1985 ,
19861
1987
1988
1989 ..

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613
186,393

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9
66.5

99.303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342

59.2
59.0
57.8
57.9
59.5
60.1
60.7
61.5
62.3
63.0

3,364
3.368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169
3,199

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434
109,232
111,800
114,142

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3

60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
62,888
62,944
62,523

1990
1991
1992
1993

188,049
189,765
191,576
193,550

124.787
125,303
126,982
128,040

66.4
66.0
66.3
66.2

117,914
116,877
117,598
119,306

62.7
61.6
61.4
61.6

3,186
3,233
3,207
3,074

114,728
113,644
114,391
116,232

6,874
8,426
9,384
8,734

5.5
6.7
7.4
6.8

63,262
64,462
64,593
65,509

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1993:
November
December

194,321
194,472

128,662
128,898

66.2
66.3

120,332
120,661

61.9
62.0

3,114
3,096

117,218
117,565

8,330
8,237

6.5
6.4

65,659
65,574

1994:
January3
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November

195,953
196,090
196,213
196,363
196,510
196,693
196,859
197,043
197,248
197,430
197,607

130,667
130,776
130,580
130,747
130,774
130,248
130,457
131,189
131,343
131,836
131,937

66.7
66.7
66.6
66.6
66.5
66.2
66.3
66.6
66.6
66.8
66.8

121,971
122,258
122,037
122,338
122,872
122,430
122,452
123,166
123,628
124,236
124,608

62.2
62.3
62.2
62.3
62.5
62.2
62.2
62.5
62.7
62.9
63.1

3,331
3,391
3,426
3,459
3,435
3,235
3,278
3,444
3,409
3,495
3,561

118,639
118,867
118,611
118,880
119,437
119,195
119,173
119,722
120,219
120,741
121,048

8,696
8,518
8,543
8,408
7,902
7,817
8,005
8,023
7,715
7,600
7,328

6.7
6.5
6.5
6.4
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.1
5.9
5.8
5.6

65,286
65,314
65,633
65,616
65,736
66,445
66,403
65,854
65,905
65,594
65,670

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
3
Data, beginning in 1994, are not directly comparable with data for
1993 and earlier years because of the introduction of a major redesign of

16




the Current Population Survey (household survey) questionnaire and
collection methodology and the introduction of 1990 census-based
population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. For additional
information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1983 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Sex, year,
and month

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Percent
of
population

Number

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
MEN
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

82,531
83,605
84,469
85,798
86,899
87,857
88,762

63,047
63,835
64,411
65,422
66,207
66,927
67,840

76.4
76.4
76.3
76.3
76.2
76.2
76.4

56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892
62,107
63,273
64,315

68.8
70.7
70.9
71.0
71.5
72.0
72.5

2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511
2,543
2,493
2,513

54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381
59,564
60,780
61,802

6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530
4,101
3,655
3,525

9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9
6.2
5.5
5.2

19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376
20,692
20,930
20,923

1990
1991
1992
1993

89,650
90,552
91,541
92,620

68,234
68,411
69,184
69,633

76.1
75.5
75.6
75.2

64,435
63,593
63,805
64,700

71.9
70.2
69.7
69.9

2,507
2,552
2,534
2,438

61,928
61,041
61,270
62,263

3,799
4,817
5,380
4,932

5.6
7.0
7.8
7.1

21,417
22,141
22,356
22,987

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1993:
November
December

93,033
93,116

69,730
69,813

75.0
75.0

65,144
65,259

70.0
70.1

2,481
2,461

62,663
62,798

4,586
4,554

6.6
6.5

23,303
23,303

1994:
January3
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November

93,909
93,982
94,042
94,119
94,196
94,294
94,377
94,469
94,576
94,671
94,768

70,744
70,644
70,529
70,621
70,584
70,328
70,513
70,833
70,695
71,241
71,265

75.3
75.2
75.0
75.0
74.9
74.6
74.7
75.0
74.7
75.3
75.2

65,963
65,921
65,940
66,036
66,301
66,135
66,036
66,452
66,572
67,086
67,339

70.2
70.1
70.1
70.2
70.4
70.1
70.0
70.3
70.4
70.9
71.1

2,545
2,566
2,601
2,565
2,592
2,469
2,463
2,585
2,499
2,566
2,662

63,419
63,356
63,339
63,471
63,709
63,666
63,573
63,866
64,073
64,520
64,677

4,781
4,723
4,589
4,585
4,283
4,193
4,478
4,381
4,123
4,155
3,926

6.8
6.7
6.5
6.5
6.1
6.0
6.3
6.2
5.8
5.8
5.5

23,165
23,338
23,513
23,497
23,612
23,965
23,864
23,636
23,881
23,431
23,503

Annual averages
WOMEN
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

91,684
92,778
93,736
94,789
95,853
96,756
97,630

48,503
49,709
51,050
52,413
53,658
54,742
56,030

52.9
53.6
54.5
55.3
56.0
56.6
57.4

44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706
50,334
51,696
53,027

48.0
49.5
50.4
51.4
52.5
53.4
54.3

680
653
644
652
666
676
687

43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054
49,668
51,020
52,341

4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707
3,324
3,046
3,003

9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.6
5.4

43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376
42,195
42,014
41,601

1990
1991
1992
1993

98,399
99,214
100,035
100,930

56,554
56,893
57,798
58,407

57.5
57.3
57.8
57.9

53,479
53,284
53,793
54,606

54.3
53.7
53.8
54.1

679
682
673
636

52,800
52,602
53,121
53,970

3,075
3,609
4,005
3,801

5.4
6.3
6.9
6.5

41,845
42,321
42,237
42,522

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1993:
November
December

101,288
101,356

58,932
59,085

58.2
58.3

55,188
55,402

54.5
54.7

633
635

54,555
54,767

3,744
3,683

6.4
6.2

42,356
42,271

1994:
January3
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November

102,044
102,107
102,171
102,244
102,314
102,399
102,482
102,575
102,672
102,758
102,839

59,923
60,132
60,051
60,125
60,190
59,919
59,943
60,356
60,647
60,595
60,672

58.7
58.9
58.8
58.8
58.8
58.5
58.5
58.8
59.1
59.0
59.0

56,007
56,336
56,097
56,302
56,571
56,295
56,416
56,714
57,056
57,150
57,270

54.9
55.2
54.9
55.1
55.3
55.0
55.0
55.3
55.6
55.6
55.7

787
825
825
893
844
766
815
859
910
929
899

55,221
55,511
55,272
55,409
55,728
55,528
55,600
55,856
56,146
56,221
56,371

3,916
3,795
3,954
3,823
3,619
3,625
3,528
3,642
3,592
3,445
3,402

6.5
6.3
6.6
6.4
6.0
6.0
5.9
6.0
5.9
5.7
5.6

42,121
41,976
42,119
42,119
42,124
42,480
42,539
42,218
42,024
42,163
42,167

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes and
Estimates of Error.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
3
Data, beginning in 1994, are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier




years because of the introduction of a major redesign of the Current Population Survey
(household survey) questionnaire and collection methodology and the introduction of
1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. For
additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutionai population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1993
Nov.

Dec.

1994
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

194,321 194,472 195,953 196,090 196,213 196,363 196,510 196,693 196,859 197,043 197,248 197,430 197,607
128,662 128,898 130,667 130,776 130,580 130,747 130,774 130,248 130,457 131,189 131,343 131,836 131,937
66.8
66.8
66.6
66.6
66.2
66.3
66.6
66.5
66.2
66.6
66.3
66.7
66.7
120,332 120,661 121,971 122,258 122,037 122,338 122,872 122,430 122,452 123,166 123,628 124,236 124,608
62.9
63.1
62.7
62.5
61.9
62.0
62.3
62.5
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.3
62.2
8,330 8,237 8,696 8,518 8,543 8,408 7,902 7,817 8,005 8,023 7,715 7,600 7,328
5.8
5.6
5.9
6.1
6.5
6.4
6.4
6.0
6.0
6.5
6.1
6.5
6.7

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

93,033
69,730
75.0
65,144
70.0
2,481
62,663
4,586
6.6
23,303

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

86,245 86,373 86,778
66,198 66,321 66,806
76.8
77.0
76.8
62,315 62,444 62,842
72.4
72.3
72.3
2,334 2,300 2,352
59,981 60,144 60,490
3,883 3,877 3,964
5.9
5.8
5.9
20,047 20,052 19,972

86,820
66,764
76.9
62,778
72.3
2,339
60,439
3,986
6.0
20,056

102,044
59,923
58.7
56,007
54.9
787
55,221
3,916
6.5
42,121

102,107
60,132
58.9
56,336
55.2
825
55,511
3,795
6.3
41,976

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

93,116 93,909 93,982 94,042
69,813 70,744 70,644 70,529
75.3
75.0
75.0
75.2
65,259 65,963 65,921 65,940
70.1
70.2
70.1
70.1
2,461 2,545 2,566 2,601
62,798 63,419 63,356 63,339
4,554 4,781 4,723 4,589
6.5
6.5
6.7
6.8
23,303 23,165 23,338 23,513

101,288 101,356
58,932 59,085
58.2
58.3
55,188 55,402
54.5
54.7
633
635
54,555 54,767
3,744 3,683
6.4
6.2
42,356 42,271

94,119 94,196
70,621 70,584
75.0
74.9
66,036 66,301
70.2
70.4
2,565 2,592
63,471 63,709
4,585 4,283
6.5
6.1
23,497 23,612

86,901 86,946 87,000
66,723 66,701 66,692
76.7
76.7
76.8
62,857 62,958 63,192
72.4
72.3
72.6
2,358 2,376 2,412
60,499 60,582 60,780
3,866 3,743 3,500
5.6
5.2
5.8
20,178 20,246 20,308

94,469 94,576 94,671 94,768
70,833 70,695 71,241 71,265
75.3
75.2
74.7
75.0
66,452 66,572 67,086 67,339
71.1
70.9
70.4
70.3
2,585 2,499 2,566 2,662
63,866 64,073 64,520 64,677
4,155 3,926
4,123
4,193
4,478 4,381
5.8
5.5
5.8
6.2
6.0
6.3
23,965 23,864 23,636 23,881 23,431 23,503
94,294 94,377
70,328 70,513
74.7
74.6
66,135 66,036
70.0
70.1
2,469 2,463
63,666 63,573

87,095 87,123 87,248
66,409 66,596 66,856
76.6
76.2
76.4
62,916 62,889 63,216
72.5
72.2
72.2
2,307 2,285 2,395
60,609 60,605 60,820
3,493 3,706 3,640
5.4
5.3
5.6
20,686 20,528 20,392

87,321 87,439 87,529
66,839 67,277 67,444
77.1
76.9
76.5
63,421 63,831 64,123
73.0
73.3
72.6
2,255 2,284 2,409
61,167 61,548 61,714
3,418 3,446 3,321
4.9
5.1
5.1
20,482 20,162 20,085

102,171 102,244 102,314 102,399 102,482 102,575 102,672
60,051 60,125 60,190 59,919 59,943 60,356 60,647
59.1
58.8
58.8
58.5
58.8
58.5
58.8
56,097 56,302 56,571 56,295 56,416 56,714 57,056
55.6
55.3
55.1
54.9
55.0
55.3
55.0
910
859
893
844
766
825
815
55,272 55,409 55,728 55,528 55,600 55,856 56,146
3,954 3,823 3,619 3,625 3,528 3,642 3,592
5.9
6.0
6.4
6.6
5.9
6.0
6.0
42,119 42,119 42,124 42,480 42,539 42,218 42,024

102,758 102,839

60,595
59.0
57,150
55.6
929
56,221
3,445
5.7
42,163

60,672
59.0
57,270
55.7
899

95,407 95,469 95,544 95,658 95,729
56,214 56,367 56,774 57,217 57,055
59.6
59.8
59.4
58.9
59.0
53,181 53,394 53,711 54,161 54,198
56.6
56.6
56.2
55.7
55.9
879
817
855
726
781
52,455 52,613 52,894 53,306 53,318
3,033 2,972 3,063 3,056 2,858
5.0
5.3
5.4
5.4
5.3
39,193 39,103 38,770 38,441 38,674

95,821
57,119
59.6

56,371
3,402
5.6
42,167

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

94,709
55,621
58.7
52,423
55.4
597
51,826
3,198
5.7
39,088

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

13,367 13,335 14,066 14,111 14,087 14,135 14,181 14,191 14,267 14,251 14,269 14,261 14,257
6,843 6,794 7,493 7,401 7,370 7,636 7,534 7,625 7,495 7,560 7,286 7,503 7,373
51.7
53.0
52.6
51.1
52.3
52.4
54.0
53.1
53.7
52.5
53.3
51.2
50.9
5,594 5,586 6,115 6,076 6,059 6,116 6,159 6,333 6,168 6,239 6,046 6,207 6,246
42.4
43.5
43.8
43.8
43.0
43.3
43.4
43.2
43.5
41.8
41.9
44.6
43.1
308
300
332
295
231
287
197
245
236
203
212
236
183
5,411 5,389 5,879 5,790 5,764 5,870 5,923 6,130 5,956 6,008 5,746 5,875 5,938
1,249 1,208 1,378 1,325 1,311 1,520 1,375 1,292 1,327 1,320 1,240 1,296 1,127
17.0
15.3
17.8
17.5
18.4
17.9
17.8
17.3
19.9
18.3
16.9
18.3
17.7
6,524 6,541 6,573 6,710 6,717 6,499 6,647 6,566 6,772 6,692 6,983 6,758 6,884

1

94,764 95,109
55,783 56,368
58.9
59.3
52,631 53,014
55.5
55.7
599
744
52,032 52,270
3,152 3,354
6.0
5.7
38,981 38,742

95,159 95,225 95,282 95,329
56,611 56,487 56,410 56,548
59.2
59.3
59.3
59.5
53,403 53,121 53,265 53,521
55.9
56.1
55.8
56.1
773
837
787
766
52,638 52,348 52,428 52,734
3,208 3,366 3,145 3,027
5.6
5.4
6.0
5.7
38,548 38,738 38,872 38,781

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutionai population.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in tables A-3
through A-12 will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent
2

18



54,240
56.6
843

53,396
2,880
5.0
38,701

seasonal adjustment of the various series. Data for 1994 are not directly
comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information,
see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in
the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1993
Nov.

1994

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

164,421 164,516 165,014 165,096 165,168 165,259 165,351 165,472 165,576 165,696 165,832 165,954 166,072
109,804 110,016 110,802 110,934 110,633 110,673 110,797 110,358 110,768 111,242 111,417 111,584 111,750
67.3
67.2
67.2
67.1
66.8
67.2
67.0
66.9
66.9
67.1
67.0
67.0
66.7
103,662 103,807 104,355 104,669 104,314 104,450 105,038 104,555 104,831 105,400 105,756 106,012 106,426
63.9
64.1
63.8
63.6
63.0
63.4
63.5
63.3
63.1
63.2
63.2
63.2
63.2
5,573
5,324
5,661
6,142
5,936 5,842
6,209
6,447 6,264
6,319
6,222 5,760
5,804
5.0
4.8
5.1
5.3
5.6
5.6
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.8
5.7
5.6
5.3

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

57,123 57,280 57,457 57,333 57,258 57,175 57,113 57,002 57,254 57,363 57,445 57,677 57,772
77.5
77.4
77.2
77.1
77.4
77.0
77.1
77.2
77.4
77.2
77.1
76.8
77.6
54,279 54,283 54,438 54,344 54,283 54,297 54,466 54,354 54,466 54,677 54,919 55,079 55,330
74.2
73.9
73.8
73.5
73.4
73.4
73.2
73.3
73.3
73.3
73,2
73.2
73.5
2,844 2,997
2,648 2,788 2,686 2,526 2,598 2,443
2,989 2,975 2,878 2,647
3,019
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.7
4.6
4.6
5.0
5.2
5.0
4.9
5.2
5.3
5.2

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

46,768 46,872 47,025 47,281 47,085 46,951 47,222 46,938 47,183 47,451 47,851 47,617 47,751
59.5
59.4
59.7
59.3
58.6
58.7
59.0
58.7
59.3
59.0
58.8
59.1
59.0
44,392 44,554 44,631 45,002 44,724 44,755 45,110 44,686 44,949 45,228 45,628 45,544 45,672
57.0
57.0
56.8
56.5
55.6
56.4
56.5
55.9
56.2
55.8
56.0
56.0
56.0
2,234 2,223 2,223 2,073 2,079
2,376 2,318
2,113
2,252
2,360
2,196
2,393 2,279
4.4
4.6
4.4
4.7
4.7
5.1
4,8
4.7
4.5
4.8
4.9
5.1
5.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

5,913
55.6
4,991
46.9
922
15.6
17.7
13.3

5,864
55.1
4,970
46.7
894
15.2
16.9
13.4

6,321
56.5
5,286
47.3
1,034
16.4
18.5
14.0

6,319
56.4
5,323
47.5
996
15.8
16.7
14.7

6,290
56.1
5,306
47.3
984
15.6
16.7
14.6

6,546
58.3
5,398
48.0
1,148
17.5
19.0
16.0

6,463
57.5
5,462
48.6
1,000
15.5
17.3
13.5

6,418
57.0
5,515
49.0
904
14.1
14.7
13.5

6,330
56.1
5,416
48.0
914
14.4
16.1
12.6

6,427
56.9
5,495
48.7
933
14.5
15.1
13.8

6,121
54.2
5,210
46.1
911
14.9
16.4
13.1

6,291
55.6
5,389
47.7
902
14.3
14.8
13.9

6,226
55.0
5,423
47.9
803
12.9
13.8
12.0

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

22,475 22,504 22,723 22,751 22,774 22,799 22,824 22,855 22,883 22,917 22,955 22,990 23,023
14,057 14,011 14,368 14,487 14,573 14,523 14,497 14,502 14,351 14,401 14,461 14,733 14,565
64.1
63.3
63.0
62.7
62.8
62.5
62.3
63.7
64.0
63.7
63.5
63.5
63.2
12,297 12,397 12,482 12,624 12,749 12,813 12,825 12,874 12,739 12,746 12,912 13,060 13,033
56.6
56.2
56.8
54.7
56.2
55.7
55.6
55.1
54.9
55.5
56.0
56.2
56.3
1,532
1,549
1,673
1,760
1,672
1,612
1,655
1,614
1,887
1,863
1,824
1,710
1,628
10.5
10.7
11.4
12.5
11.5
11.2
11.5
11.5
13.1
12.9
12.5
11.8
11.2

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,529
71.8
5,725
63.0
804
12.3

6,469
70.9
5,787
63.5
682
10.5

6,563
72.1
5,753
63.2
810
12.3

6,697
73.4
5,884
64.5
813
12.1

6,633
72.7
5,953
65.2
679
10.2

6,622
72.5
5,962
65.2
660
10.0

6,715
73.4
6,048
66.1
666
9.9

6,581
71.8
5,944
64.9
637
9.7

6,537
71.4
5,854
64.0
683
10.5

6,544
71.2
5,860
63.8
684
10.5

6,623
71.9
5,960
64.7
662
10.0

6,747
73.2
6,088
66.0
659
9.8

6,703
72.6
6,067
65.7
636
9.5

6,766
60.1
6,111
54.2
655
9.7

6,801
60.3
6,143
54.5
658

6,917
60.5
6,121
53.6
796
11.5

6,993
61.1
6,224
54.4
769
11.0

7,117
62.2
6,253
54.6
865
12.1

7,065
61.6
6,317
55.1
747
10.6

6,990
60.9
6,300
54.9
690
9.9

7,038
61.3
6,379
55.5
659
9.4

6,939
60.4
6,343
55.2
596
8.6

7,015
60.9
6,354
55.:
661
9.4

6,994
60.7
6,368
55.2
626
8.9

7,049
61.0
6,386
55.3
663
9.4

6,984
60.4
6,366
55.1
618
8.8

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutionai population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1993
Nov.

1994

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

762
35.9
461
21.7
301
39.5
39.2
39.7

741
35.2
467
22.2
274
37.0
38.8
35.2

889
40.5
607
27.7
281
31.7
38.1
25.5

796
36.3
515
23.5
281
35.3
40.1
30.5

823
37.5
543
24.7
280
34.0
37.5
30.2

837
38.1
534
24.3
303
36.2
40.8
31.3

792
36.0
476
21.6
316
39.9
42.8
36.5

882
40.0
551
25.0
331
37.6
40.0
34.9

876
39.2
542
24.3
333
38.1
43.0
32.3

842
38.1
532
24.1
310
36.8
42.3
30.4

844
38.1
584
26.3
261
30.9
29.1
32.8

938
42.2
586
26.4
352
37.5
35.9
39.2

879
39.5
600
26.9
279
31.7
29.2
34.4

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

15,967 16,014 17,849 17,896 17,942 17,993 18,041 18,092 18,143 18,193 18,244 18,291 18,339
10,575 10,625 11,746 11,835 11,871 11,880 11,929 11,850 11,949 11,958 12,022 12,245 12,303
67.1
66.9
65.9
65.7
65.9
65.5
66.0
66.2
66.1
66.1
66.2
65.8
66.3
9,476 9,513 10,495 10,650 10,680 10,595 10,801 10,634 10,736 10,734 10,796 11,094 11,250
61.3
60.7
59.2
59.0
59.2
58.8
58.9
59.5
59.9
59.5
59.3
58.8
59.4
1,053
1,151
1,226
1,224
1,212
1,217
1,285
1,190
1,127
1,185
1,099
1,251
1,112
8.6
9.4
10.2
10.2
10.1
10.3
10.8
10.0
9.5
10.0
10.4
10.6
10.5

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutionai population.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum
to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Data
2

20




for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and
Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Full- and part-time status, sex,
and age

1994

1993
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov

98,574
57,971
56,942
40,601
39,816
1,817

98,488
58,395
57,380
40,083
39,312
1,795

99,307
58,558
57,569
40,647
39,871
1,868

99,763
58,707
57,619
41,025
40,297
1,847

99,286
58,688
57,457
40,653
39,854
1,975

99,684
58,744
57,538
40,946
40,266
1,880

100,270
59,065
57,805
41,287
40,564
1,901

100,736
59,076
57,963
41,658
40,964
1,809

100,967
59,477
58,300
41,516
40,769
1,898

101,035
59,620
58,494
41,404
40,630
1,911

Nov.

Dec.

Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

99,373
58,115
57,032
41,284
40,511
1,830

99,595
58,265
57,156
41,386
40,632
1,807

Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

20,961 21,060 23,932 23,641 23,539 22,966 23,132 23,138 22,858 22,902 22,999 23,260 23,576
7,069 7,035 8,214 7,928 7,536 7,413 7,530 7,436 7,291 7,367 7,625 7,697 7,767
5,283 5,268 6,148 5,839 5,500 5,400 5,560 5,469 5,372 5,380 5,530 5,569 5,664
13,900 14,056 15,720 15,724 16,004 15,566 15,577 15,661 15,495 15,464 15,420 15,669 15,872
11,916 12,039 13,523 13,574 13,802 13,391 13,283 13,357 13,157 13,150 13,204 13,399 13,613
3,762 3,753 4,260 4,228 4,237 4,175 4,288 4,312 4,329 4,372 4,265 4,292 4,299

EMPLOYED

97,940
57,714
56,657
40,291
39,496
1,787

UNEMPLOYED
Looking for full-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

6,707
3,978
3,581
2,786
2,542
584

6,760
3,963
3,651
2,787
2,568
541

7,160
4,205
3,767
2,966
2,749
644

7,008
4,070
3,677
2,950
2,710
621

6,956
3,803
3,526
3,091
2,835
595

6,833
3,910
3,499
2,895
2,567
767

6,319
3,617
3,230
2,701
2,451
638

6,414
3,642
3,228
2,768
2,475
711

6,561
3,854
3,423
2,728
2,424
714

6,462
3,752
3,340
2,722
2,469
653

6,332
3,609
3,183
2,818
2,546
604

6,309
3,658
3,267
2,666
2,421
621

6,008
3,474
3,064
2,610
2,364
580

Looking for part-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

1,565
616
259
957
643
663

1,489
606
254
868
575
660

1,581
681
276
890
580
726

1,488
645
280
855
502
706

1,595
701
314
891
552
728

1,589
627
232
956
595
762

1,520
651
257
860
530
734

1,426
600
270
835
563
593

1,466
614
297
840
547
621

1,566
645
301
910
586
680

1,389
589
252
773
509
628

1,376
581
218
811
479
679

1,325
524
268
813
507
550

Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

6.3
6.4
5.9
6.3
5.9
24.2

6.4
6.4
6.0
6.3
5.9
23.0

6.8
6.8
6.2
6.9
6.5
26.5

6.6
6.6
6.1
6.8
6.4
25.5

6.6
6.1
5.8
7.2
6.7
24.9

6.4
6.3
5.7
6.6
6.0
29.1

6.0
5.8
5.3
6.2
5.7
25.7

6.1
5.8
5.3
6.4
5.8
26.5

6.2
6.2
5.6
6.2
5.7
27.5

6.1
6.0
5.5
6.2
5.7
25.6

5.9
5.8
5.2
6.3
5.9
25.0

5.9
5.8
5.3
6.0
5.6
24.6

5.6
5.5
5.0
5.9
5.5
23.3

Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

6.9
8.0
4.7
6.4
5.1
15.0

6.6
7.9
4.6
5.8
4.6
15.0

6.2
7.7
4.3
5.4
4.1
14.6

5.9
7.5
4.6
5.2
3.6
14.3

6.3
8.5
5.4
5.3
3.8
14.7

6.5
7.8
4.1
5.8
4.3
15.4

6.2
8.0
4.4
5.2
3.8
14.6

5.8
7.5
4.7
5.1
4.0
12.1

6.0
7.8
5.2
5.1
4.0
12.5

6.4
8.0
5.3
5.6
4.3
13.5

5.7
7.2
4.4
4.8
3.7
12.8

5.6
7.0
3.8
4.9
3.5
13.7

5.3
6.3
4.5
4.9
3.6
11.3

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES

1
These rates reflect a refined definition of the full- and part-time labor
force and differ from the rates published elsewhere in this publication
prior to 1994.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993




and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.

21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

Category

1993
Nov.

1994

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

MARITAL STATUS
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

120,332 120,661 121,971 122,258 122,037 122,338 122,872 122,430 122,452 123,166 123,628 124,236 124,608
40,842 40,951 41,483 41,328 41,331 41,380 41,367 41,287 41,224 41,475 41,577 41,441 41,465
30,872 31,051 31,579 31,709 31,310 31,345 31,324 31,054 31,379 31,567 31,967 31,746 31,811
6,704 6,693 6,796 7,133 7,369 7,191 7,094 6,978 7,013 6,932 7,016 7,126 7,217

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

32,739 32,764 33,008 33,122 33,152 33,415 34,103 33,901 33,859 33,931 34,303 34,284 34,397
37,411
16,796
13,494
17,685
3,598

37,191
17,087
13,644
17,645
3,693

37,060
17,111
13,551
17,581
3,651

36,796
17,107
13,232
17,888
3,677

36,624
16,958
13,584
17,947
3,609

36,811
17,006
13,305
17,934
3,419

37,194
16,899
13,330
17,762
3,487

37,358
16,794
13,468
17,964
3,660

37,711
16,685
13,438
18,019
3,647

37,697
17,053
13,398
18,167
3,663

37,854
16,855
13,676
18,029
3,819

1,724

1,641

1,719
1,661

1,693
1,710
43

1,757
1,654
40

1,637
1,606
50

1,737
1,667
47

1,702
1,616
64

1,793

1,590
78

1,677
1,633
55

1,629

1,269

1,817
1,671
50

107,975 108,247 109,526
89,482 89,744 91,364
1,104
1,103
928
88,379 88,640 90,436
18,493 18,503 18,163
9,053 8,990
9,011
217
142
223

109,547
91,395
1,074
90,321
18,152
9,312
143

109,365
90,883
1,035
89,849
18,481
9,146
117

110,243
91,770
997
90,773
18,473
9,138
131
121

110,052
91,729
964
90,765
18,322
8,946

36,974
16,688
13,597
16,958
3,389

37,243
16,734
13,445
17,209
3,325

1,719
1,311
89

CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Government
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

92

41

109,749
91,356
1,043
90,313
18,393
8,982

1,582
46

1,636
41

110,082 110,393 111,159 111,786
91,825 92,205 92,834 93,650
871
910
843
934
90,891 91,362 91,963 92,740
18,256 18,188 18,325 18,136
8,792
8,970 9,055 8,971
133
141
134
154
138

112,045
93,700
1,022
92,679
18,344

8,879
117

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons

6,217 5,167 4,643 4,992 4,757 4,878 4,785 4,425 4,284 4,260 4,405 4,426
3,099 2,561 2,301 2,538 2,363 2,571 2,535 2,430 2,393 2,403 2,363 2,365
2,810 2,828 2,171 2,028 2,138 2,101 2,026 1,981 1,664 1,569 1,643 1,780 1,728
15,290 15,373 17,744 17,674 17,519 17,072 17,346 17,339 18,059 18,171 17,599 17,660 17,922

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons

5,904 5,934 4,842 4,384 4,762 4,613 4,688 4,590 4,224 4,092 4,075 4,186 4,236
2,905 2,922 2,439 2,169 2,411 2,241 2,449 2,430 2,315 2,271 2,290 2,212 2,263
2,719 2,739 2,075 1,944 2,089 2,078 1,993 1,935 1,627 1,539 1,592 1,744 1,678
14,858 14,909 17,056 17,081 16,893 16,463 16,721 16,842 17,443 17,559 16,946 16,969 17,238

6,126
3,037

1
Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their
jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or
industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who
usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week
for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather.

22




NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994

1993
Age and sex
Nov.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

120,332 120,661 121,971 122,258 122,037 122,338 122,872 122,430 122,452 123,166 123,628 124,236 124,608
17,663 17,709 18,637 18,898 18,723 18,798 19,006 19,193 18,776 18,918 18,812 19,118 19,054
6,246
6,046
6,207
5,586
6,239
6,115
6,333
6,168
5,594
6,059
6,116
6,159
6,076
2,610
2,550
2,656
2,240
2,593
2,435
2,530
2,499
2,194
2,363
2,408
2,510
2,351
3,609
3,498
3,529
3,350
3,653
3,657
3,765
3,673
3,406
3,674
3,704
3,661
3,706
12,069 12,123 12,522 12,822 12,664 12,683 12,847 12,860 12,608 12,679 12,767 12,911 12,808
102,665 102,976 103,312 103,402 103,352 103,451 103,951 103,299 103,706 104,187 104,856 105,193 105,626
87,968 88,197 88,308 88,582 88,750 88,709 88,915 88,497 88,901 89,334 89,930 90,020 90,465
14,806 14,831 15,036 14,862 14,614 14,709 14,939 14,784 14,730 14,916 14,909 15,053 15,192
65,144

65,259 65,963 65,921

65,940 66,036 66,301

9,754
9,171
9,165
9,711
9,808
9,940
9,939
2,815
3,121
3,083
3,078
3,109
2,829
3,143
1,152
1,197
1,242
1,262
1,133
1,220
1,205
1,670
1,705
1,886
1,876
1,842
1,845
1,925
6,350
6,590
6,671
6,730
6,831
6,342
6,795
55,970 56,089 56,244 56,035 56,203 56,182 56,387
47,791 47,860 47,944 47,943 48,173 48,117 48,191
8,241
8,253
8,333 8,115
8,070
8,126
8,036
55,188 55,402

56,007

56,336

56,097 56,302

56,571

66,135 66,036 66,452

66,572 67,086 67,339

10,158 10,069
9,992
9,803
9,961
3,216
3,255
3,147
3,151
3,219
3,236
1,386
1,408
1,349
1,295
1,251
1,291
1,810
1,806
1,823
1,924
1,944
1,866
6,853
6,903
6,818
6,772
6,657
6,725
56,174 56,232 56,432 56,622 56,976 57,281
48,046 48,064 48,163 48,382 48,595 48,863
8,449
8,364
8,255
8,259
8,116
8,102
56,295

56,416

56,714

57,056

57,150 57,270

8,985
8,960
9,201
8,958 8,843
8,544
8,973
8,970
8,991
8,492
8,926
8,959
9,066
3,030
2,895
2,953
3,114
3,003
3,021
2,771
2,994
2,976
3,038
3,050
2,765
2,933
1,224
1,201
1,248
1,278
1,208
1,299
1,167
1,088
1,215
1,147
1,166
1,248
1,061
1,799
1,692
1,706
1,821
1,807
1,729
1,771
1,799
1,701
1,680
1,781
1,862
1,816
5,954
5,949
6,008
6,088
5,955
5,952
5,727
5,932
5,993
5,953 6,016
5,773
6,026
46,695 46,887 47,069 47,367 47,149 47,269 47,564 47,125 47,473 47,754 48,234 48,217 48,345
40,177 40,337 40,364 40,640 40,578 40,591 40,724 40,451 40,837 41,171 41,548 41,426 41,602
6,743
6,690
6,650
6,668
6,628
6,661
6,703
6,578
6,639
6,565
6,747
6,813
6,578
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
A-8. Unemployed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1993

1994

Age and sex
Nov.

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

8,330

8,237

8,696

8,518

8,543

8,408

7,902

7,817

8,005

8,023

7,715

7,600

7,328

2,568
1,249
566
687
1,319
5,747
5,124
649

2,480
1,208
527
689
1,272
5,750
5,106
657

2,922
1,378
654
700
1,544
5,857
5,107
723

2,753
1,325
656
668
1,428
5,738
5,075
670

2,855
1,311
586
725
1,543
5,680
4,993
700

2,921
1,520
765
764
1,400
5,469
4,793
644

2,709
1,375
648
738
1,333
5,182
4,517
641

2,620
1,292
638
669
1,328
5,205
4,581
601

2,707
1,327
649
670
1,380
5,296
4,666
644

2,753
1,320
648
668
1,432
5,269
4,582
668

2,578
1,240
586
656
1,338
5,153
4,553
579

2,557
1,296
553
747
1,261
5,079
4,463
622

2,413
1,127
532
597
1,286
4,947
4,328
624

4,586

4,554

4,781

4,723

4,589

4,585

4,283

4,193

4,478

4,381

4,123

4,155

3,926

1,438
703
314
388
735
3,141
2,755
391

1,389
677
286
390
712
3,171
2,774
411

1,670
816
384
418
854
3,194
2,787
408

1,530
737
338
397
793
3,169
2,782
401

1,559
723
341
386
835
3,010
2,625
385

1,627
843
421
427
784
2,954
2,557
373

1,538
783
377
418
754
2,729
2,350
368

1,431
700
355
363
730
2,754
2,410
340

1,558
771
341
424
787
2,919
2,524
395

1,552
741
344
392
811
2,833
2,440
373

1,419
705
323
381
714
2,727
2,364
341

1,423
709
297
419
714
2,762
2,362
371

1,328
605
266
340
723
2,629
2,250
355

3,744

3,683

3,916

3,795

3,954

3,823

3,619

3,625

3,528

3,642

3,592

3,445

3,402

1,130
546
252
299
584
2,606
2,369
258

1,091
531
241
299
560
2,579
2,332
246

1,252
562
271
283
690
2,664
2,320
315

1,223
588
318
272
635
2,568
2,293
269

1,296
588
245
339
708
2,670
2,369
316

1,294
678
344
337
617
2,515
2,236
272

1,171
592
271
320
579
2,453
2,167
274

1,189
591
283
306
598
2,451
2,172
261

1,149
555
308
247
593
2,377
2,142
250

1,200
579
304
276
621
2,436
2,142
294

1,159
535
263
275
624
2,427
2,188
238

1,134
587
256
327
547
2,316
2,102
250

1,085
522
266
257
563
2,318
2,078
269

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current




June

Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Unemployment rates by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
1993

1994

Age and sex

Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

6.5

6.4

6.7

6.5

6.5

6.4

6.0

6.0

6.1

6.1

5.9

5.8

5.6

12.7

12.7

13.2
17.8
19.9

13.4
19.9
24.1

12.5
18.3
20.5

17.1
9.9
5.0

16.8

11.8
17.3
17.2
17.5

11.2

16.5
10.9
5.2
5.3
4.6

12.1
17.0
18.7
15.8

5.1
4.2

9.4
4.7
4.8
4.1

8.9
4.6
4.7
4.0

12.0

12.6

12.7

16.9
20.1
15.1
9.4
4.8

17.7
20.6

17.5
20.0

15.5

3.9

15.4
9.9
4.9
5.0
4.2

4.9
4.3

9.5
4.7
4.8
3.7

6.1

6.0

6.3

6.2

5.8

5.8

5.5

13.4
20.1
23.0

12.5
17.9
22.1

13.7
19.7

13.5
18.6

12.5

12.3

21.5
25.3

17.9

18.8

18.5

9.9
4.6
4.7
4.3

21.0
16.9
10.8
4.8
4.8
4.3

17.4

10.4
5.0
5.0
4.4

15.7
9.7
4.7
4.8
4.0

9.5
4.6
4.7
4.0

18.7
9.4
4.6
4.6
4.3

11.7
15.8
16.1
15.8

10.5
5.4
5.5
4.7

17.1
11.1
5.1
5.2
4.6

20.9
18.5
10.6
4.9
5.0
4.6

18.3
19.3

18.3
20.5

12.3
17.8

13.6
18.4

17.9

19.0

16.8

17.1

9.9
5.3
5.5
4.2

9.5
5.3
5.5
4.2

21.2
16.1
11.0
5.4
5.5
4.6

21.8
15.3
10.0
5.3
5.4
4.3

6.6

6.5

6.8

6.7

6.5

6.5

13.6
19.9

13.2

14.7
20.7
23.9

13.3
19.0
21.9

13.8
19.0
22.2

14.2

19.4

18.1
11.5
5.4
5.5
4.7

17.1

21.7
18.5




17.4

16.9
14.2
9.1
4.5
4.6

3.9

10.4
5.3
5.5
4.5

19.9
18.9
10.1
5.4
5.5
4.7

6.4

6.2

6.5

6.3

6.6

6.4

6.0

6.0

5.9

6.0

5.9

5.7

5.6

11.7

11.3
16.1
18.1

12.3

12.0
16.7
21.7

12.6

11.8
16.2

11.6
15.6
18.0
14.0

11.2
16.6

10.8

17.0

17.9

15.8

11.3
15.5
20.3
12.0

9.5
5.1
5.3

10.6
5.4
5.5
4.6

11.4
16.3
17.8
15.0
8.8

11.4

13.2

12.6
18.2
22.8
15.3

9.1

9.4
4.9
4.9
4.2

16.1
8.3
4.6
4.8
3.6

12.5
8.6
4.6
4.8
3.8

16.5
19.2
14.9

9.3
5.3
5.6
3.8

15.1
8.8
5.2
5.5
3.6

15.8
18.2
13.8
10.4
5.4
5.4
4.5

3.8

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current

24

4.9

10.2
4.8

15.3

16.5
17.4

9.4
5.1
5.2
3.9

16.0
18.1
14.4

5.1

8.9
4.9
5.1

3.9

3.8

4.9

4.8
5.0
3.6

19.0
13.8

9.5
4.8
5.0
3.4

9.5
4.4
4.4
4.0

14.7

Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics, seasonally adjusted
1994

1993
Category

Oct.

Nov.

5.9

5.8

5.1
5.0

17.5

5.1
5.3
17.0

5.6
4.9
5.0
15.3

5.4
10.4
11.2
10.1

5.3
10.8
11.5
10.2

5.1
10.3
10.7
10.2

5.0
10.6
11.4

9.4

9.9
10.5
8.6

3.5
4.3
8.7

3.7
4.0
7.8

3.5
4.2
8.9

3.4
4.1
9.0

3.3
4.0
8.9

3.2
3.9
8.2

2.3
5.2
6.5
8.8
7.3

3.0
5.2
6.1
8.4
6.9

2.6
4.7
5.7
9.6
9.7

2.5
5.0
6.2
8.9
8.6

2.5
4.7
6.1
8.5
8.1

2.5
4.5
5.7
8.7
8.6

2.5
4.6
5.3
8.2
7.0

6.2
6.9
7.6
11.6
5.5
5.2
5.8
6.0
4.6
7.3
3.5
5.8
3.3
8.3

6.2
6.8
6.2
11.8
5.3
5.0
5.6
6.0
4.7
7.1
4.1
5.9
3.9
8.4

6.4
6.9
6.1
10.9
5.8
5.7
5.9
6.2
5.3
7.5
3.7
5.9
3.4
12.6

6.2
6.5
5.1
10.5
5.4
5.5
5.2
6.1
4.9
7.5
3.8
5.8
3.7

6.0
6.6
5.5
10.7
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.8
4.5
6.9
4.5
5.5
3.1
10.9

5.9
6.3
4.4
10.5
5.1
4.7
5.6
5.8
4.3
7.4
3.4
5.3
3.1
9.8

5.9
6.1
4.8
10.3
4.9
4.0
6.1
5.8
4.8
7.1
3.7
5.4
2.6
9.5

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

6.5
5.9
5.7

6.7
5.9
6.0

6.5
5.8
6.0
17.8

6.4
5.6
5.6
19.9

6.0
5.2
5.4
18.3

6.0
5.3
5.4
16.9

6.1
5.4
5.4

18.4

6.5
6.0
5.7
17.9

6.1
5.6
5.3

18.3

6.4
5.8
5.7
17.8

17.7

5.6
11.3
12.5
10.4

5.6
10.7
11.5
10.5

5.8
11.6
13.1
10.6

5.6
11.3
12.9
10.0

5.7
11.3
12.5
10.0

5.6
10.8
11.8
10.8

5.2
10.4
11.5
9.5

5.3
10.2
11.2
10.3

4.0
4.4
9.0

3.9
4.3
10.2

4.1
4.4
9.4

4.3
4.3
9.7

4.1
4.4
9.6

3.9
4.1
9.1

3.7
4.0
8.9

2.9
5.2
6.7
9.2
7.8

2.8

2.9
5.4
7.0
10.0
8.4

2.9
5.4
6.8
9.5
8.8

2.7
5.7
7.2
8.8
10.3

2.6
5.2
6.5
9.8
8.2

6.7
8.0
7.2
12.2
6.7
6.5
7.0
6.2
5.2
7.7
3.7
5.9
3.0

6.6
7.9
6.9

7.0
7.8
5.1
13.9
6.1
5.3
7.3
6.7
5.5
8.1
3.7
6.6
3.8
13.6

6.8
7.6
4.0

6.8
7.7
5.5
13.5
6.1
5.7
6.8
6.4
4.7
7.9
2.9
6.5
3.9
13.8

6.6
7.3
6.8
12.6
5.8
5.5
6.3
6.3
5.6
7.7
3.4
6.1
3.5

CHARACTERISTIC
Total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

17.3

4.8

OCCUPATION1
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

5.1
7.4
9.1
8.7

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

10.3

12.7
6.5
6.3
6.8
6.2
5.1
7.4
3.7
5.9
3.1
11.3

1
Seasonaliy adjusted data for service occupations are not available
because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or
irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient
precision.




13.3
6.1
5.5
7.1
6.5
5.2
8.0
3.6
6.3
3.2
14.3

10.7

11.1

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1994

1993
Reasons for unemployment
Mar.

Apr.

June

Oct.

Sept.

Nov.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

4,444
963
3,481
960
2,084
833

4,442
1,060
3,382
932
2,018
797

4,442
1,196
3,246
762
2,831
651

4,185 4,037 3,790 3,531 3,664 3,904 3,813 3,570 3,528 3,532
863
808
791
911 1,053 1,022
785
947
983
1,109
3,075 3,054 2,843 2,746 2,753 2,851 2,791 2,779 2,720 2,668
692
767
892
751
755
782
796
825
873
888
2,898 3,054 3,235 2,838 2,798 2,781 2,779 2,579 2,614 2,550
577
616
611
650
587
462
609
689
643
641

May

July

Aug.

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
53.4 54.2 51.1 48.6 46.9 44.4 45.4 47.5 48.6 47.7 46.7 46.9 48.0
11.6 12.9 13.8 12.9 11.4 11.1 10.1 11.8 13.1 12.8 10.3 10.7 11.7
41 8 41 3 37 4 35 7 35 5 33 3 35 3 35 7 35 5 34 9 36 3 36.1 36.3
9.4
9 4 11.7 10.2
8 8 103 10 1
94
9 7 102 102
11.5 11 4
25.0 24.6 32.6 33.7 35.5 37.9 36.5 36.3 34.7 34.8 33.7 34.7 34.7
7.9
8.2
8.0
7.4
9.7
8.1
7.8
8.1
7.5
7.5
10.0
7.3
6.0

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3.4
.7
1.6
.6

3.5
.7
1.6
.6

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the

3.4
6
2.2
.5

3.2
7
2.2
.5

3.1
7
2.3
.5

2.9
6
2.5
.5

2.7
6
2.2
.5

2.8
6
2.1
.4

3.0
6
2.1
.4

2.9
6
2.1
.5

2.7
7
2.0
.5

2.7
6
2.0
.5

2.7
5
1.9
.4

Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.

A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)

1994

1993
Duration
Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

2,574
2,727
3,103
1,359
1,744

2,758
2,549
3,110
1,264
1,847

2,863
2,434
2,951
1,168
1,782

2,631
2,437
2,801
1,093
1,708

2,850
2,483
2,683
1,151
1,532

2,871
2,361
2,855
1,269
1,586

2,618
2,632
2,793
1,219
1,575

2,668
2,306
2,841
1,249
1,593

2,378
2,306
3,026
1,403
1,623

2,546
2,149
2,702
1,224
1,478

18.3
8.5

18.7
9.0

19.2
9.1

19.1
9.2

19.6
9.2

18.3
8.9

19.2
9.3

19.2
9.0

19.2
10.0

19.6
10.4

17.9
9.1

100.0
38.4
26.8
34.7
15.1
19.7

100.0
30.6
32.5
36.9
16.2
20.8

100.0
32.8
30.3
37.0
15.0
21.9

100.0
34.7
29.5
35.8
14.2
21.6

100.0
33.4
31.0
35.6
13.9
21.7

100.0
35.6
31.0
33.5
14.4
19.1

100.0
35.5
29.2
35.3
15.7
19.6

100.0
32.5
32.7
34.7
15.2
19.6

100.0
34.1
29.5
36.4
16.0
20.4

100.0
30.8
29.9
39.3
18.2
21.1

100.0
34.4
29.1
36.5
16.5
20.0

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

2,946
2,401
2,971
1,216
1,755

3,063
2,247
2,864
1,150
1,714

3,349
2,336
3,027
1,314
1,713

18.9
8.5

18.2
8.2

100.0
35.4
28.9
35.7
14.6
21.1

100.0
37.5
27.5
35.0
14.1
21.0

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks .
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks

27 weeks and over

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current

26




Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1994
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

197,607
14,257
7,333
6,924
18,269
113,223
41,133
19,189
21,944
41,869
21,973
19,896
30,221
16,991
13,230
20,696
10,802
9,894
31,162
9,651
8,613
12,898

131,869
7,061
3,007
4,054
13,952
94,986
34,511
16,038
18,473
35,602
18,542
17,060
24,873
14,385
10,488
11,945
7,339
4,606
3,924
2,206
1,055
663

66.7
49.5
41.0
58.6
76.4
83.9
83.9
83.6
84.2
85.0
84.4
85.7
82.3
84.7
79.3
57.7
67.9
46.6
12.6
22.9
12.2
5.1

124,896
5,990
2,478
3,512
12,735
90,891
32,715
15,183
17,532
34,190
17,742
16,448
23,986
13,857
10,128
11,517
7,104
4,413
3,764
2,113
1,013
639

63.2
42.0
33.8
50.7
69.7
80.3
79.5
79.1
79.9
81.7
80.7
82.7
79.4
81.6
76.6
55.6
65.8
44.6
12.1
21.9
11.8
5.0

94,768
7,239
3,763
3,476
9,036
55,662
20,261
9,428
10,833
20,630
10,842
9,788
14,771
8,335
6,435
9,841
5,179
4,662
12,989
4,337
3,770
4,882

71,013
3,649
1,547
2,102
7,464
51,136
18,898
8,726
10,172
19,062
9,983
9,078
13,177
7,573
5,604
6,570
4,005
2,565
2,194
1,169
640
385

74.9
50.4
41.1
60.5
82.6
91.9
93.3
92.6
93.9
92.4
92.1
92.7
89.2
90.9
87.1
66.8
77.3
55.0
16.9
27.0
17.0
7.9

67,313
3,074
1,291
1,783
6,787
49,022
17,996
8,299
9,697
18,340
9,578
8,762
12,686
7,299
5,387
6,327
3,868
2,459
2,103
1,115
617
371

102,839
7,018
3,570
3,448
9,232
57,560
20,872
9,762
11,110
21,239
11,131
10,107
15,450
8,655
6,794
10,855
5,623
5,232
18,173
5,314
4,843
8,016

60,856
3,412
1,461
1,952
6,488
43,850
15,613
7,312
8,302
16,540
8,559
7,981
11,696
6,813
4,883
5,375
3,335
2,041
1,730
1,037
415
278

59.2
48.6
40.9
56.6
70.3
76.2
74.8
74.9
74.7
77.9
76.9
79.0
75.7
78.7
71.9
49.5
59.3
39.0
9.5
19.5
8.6
3.5

57,584
2,916
1,187
1,729
5,949
41,869
14,719
6,884
7,835
15,850
8,164
7,686
11,300
6,558
4,741
5,190
3,236
1,954
1,660
998
395
267

Unemployed

Employed
Percent
of
population

Total

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

3,480
234
125
109
317
2,152
789
386
403
819
390
428
545
305
240
427
235
192
350
138
122
89

121,416
5,756
2,353
3,403
12,418
88,738
31,926
14,797
17,129
33,372
17,352
16,020
23,441
13,552
9,889
11,090
6,869
4,221
3,414
1,974
891
549

6,973
1,071
529
542
1,217
4,095
1,796
854
942
1,412
800
612
887
528
359
428
235
193
161
94
42
25

5.3
15.2
17.6
13.4
8.7
4.3
5.2
5.3
5.1
4.0
4.3
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.4
3.6
3.2
4.2
4.1
4.2
4.0
3.7

65,738
7,196
4,326
2,870
4,317
18,237
6,622
3,152
3,470
6,267
3,431
2,836
5,348
2,605
2,742
8,751
3,463
5,288
27,237
7,445
7,558
12,234

71.0
42.5
34.3
51.3
75.1
88.1
88.8
88.0
89.5
88.9
88.3
89.5
85.9
87.6
83.7
64.3
74.7
52.7
16.2
25.7
16.4
7.6

2,596
194
103
92
260
1,570
609
283
325
575
267
309
386
225
161
296
161
136
276
116
96
64

64,716
2,879
1,188
1,692
6,527
47,452
17,387
8,016
9,372
17,765
9,312
8,453
12,300
7,074
5,226
6,031
3,708
2,323
1,827
999
521
308

3,700
575
256
319
677
2,114
901
427
475
722
405
317
491
274
217
243
136
106
91
54
23
14

5.2
15.8
16.6
15.2
9.1
4.1
4.8
4.9
4.7
3.8
4.1
3.5
3.7
3.6
3.9
3.7
3.4
4.2
4.1
4.7
3.5
3.5

23,755
3,590
2,217
1,373
1,572
4,526
1,363
702
662
1,569
859
710
1,594
763
831
3,272
1,174
2,097
10,795
3,168
3,130
4,497

56.0
41.6
33.3
50.1
64.4
72.7
70.5
70.5
70.5
74.6
73.3
76.0
73.1
75.8
69.8
47.8
57.5
37.3
9.1
18.8
8.2
3.3

884
40
22
17
58
582
180
102
78
243
124
120
159
81
79
131
75
56
73
22
25
26

56,700
2,877
1,165
1,711
5,891
41,286
14,539
6,782
7,757
15,607
8,040
7,566
11,141
6,478
4,663
5,059
3,161
1,898
1,587
976
370
242

3,272
496
273
223
540
1,981
895
428
467
690
395
296
396
254
142
186
99
87
70
39
20
11

5.4
14.5
18.7
11.4
8.3
4.5
5.7
5.8
5.6
4.2
4.6
3.7
3.4
3.7
2.9
3.5
3.0
4.3
4.0
3.8
4.7
4.0

41,983
3,606
2,109
1,496
2,744
13,711
5,259
2,450
2,806
4,698
2,572
2,126
3,754
1,843
1,911
5,480
2,288
3,191
16,443
4,277
4,428
7,738

Percent
of
population

Agriculture

labor
force

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over




,

27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1994
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

166.072
11,311
5,754
5,556
14,595
94,340
33,679
15,545
18,134
34,842
18,205
16,637
25,820
14,438
11,382
17,936
9,326
8,610
27,890
8,577
7,656
11.657

111,703
5,984
2,551
3,433
11,496
80,077
28,673
13,200
15,473
29,878
15,514
14,364
21,526
12.358
9,168
10,528
6,432
4,096
3,617
2,038
979
600

67.3
52.9
44.3
61.8
78.8
84.9
85.1
84.9
85.3
85.8
85.2
86.3
83.4
85.6
80.5
58.7
69.0
47.6
13.0
23.8
12.8
5.1

106,655
5,222
2,179
3,044
10,649
77,134
27,422
12,597
14,825
28,887
14,966
13.921
20,824
11,954
8,871
10,173
6,241
3,933
3,477
1,957
937
582

64.2
46.2
37.9
54.8
73.0
81.8
81.4
81.0
81.8
82.9
82.2
83.7
80.7
82.8
77.9
56.7
66.9
45.7
12.5
22.8
12.2
5.0

80,341
5,772
2,961
2,811
7,304
46,945
16,825
7,758
9,067
17,384
9,096
8,288
12,736
7,150
5,586
8,626
4,524
4,102
11,695
3,920
3,354
4,421

60,828
3,085
1,329
1,755
6,171
43,673
15,893
7,266
8,627
16,263
8,483
7,780
11,517
6,583
4,935
5.858
3,541
2,317
2,042
1,087
595
359

75.7
53.4
44.9
62.4
84.5
93.0
94.5
93.7
95.2
93.5
93.3
93.9
90.4
92.1
88.3
67.9
78.3
56.5
17.5
27.7
17.7
8.1

58,104
2,664
1,146
1,518
5,670
42,151
15,255
6,962
8,293
15,762
8,214
7,548
11,133
6,382
4,751
5.661
3,434
2,227
1,959
1,037
573
350

85,731
5,539
2,794
2,745
7,291
47,395
16,854
7,787
9,067
17,457
9,109
8,349
13,084
7,288
5,796
9,310
4,802
4,508
16,196
4,657
4,303
7.236

50,875
2,899
1,222
1,677
5,325
36,404
12,780
5,934
6.846
13,615
7,031
6.585
10,009
5,775
4,233
4,670
2,892
1,779
1,576
951
384
240

59.3
52.3
43.7
61.1
73.0
76.8
75.8
76.2
75.5
78.0
77.2
78.9
76.5
79.2
73.0
50.2
60.2
39.5
9.7
20.4
8.9
3.3

48,550
2,558
1,033
1,525
4,979
34,983
12,167
5,635
6,532
13,125
6,752
6,373
9,691
5,572
4,120
4,513
2,807
1,706
1,517
920
364
233

Unemployed

Employed
Percent
of
population

Not
Total

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

3,187
226
122
104
266
1,942
707
350
357
730
347
383
505
280
225
417
232
185
336
135
113

103,468
4,996
2,057
2,939
10,383
75,192
26,715
12,247
14,469
28,157
14,619
13,538
20,319
11,674
8,645
9,757
6,009
3,748
3,140
1,822
825
494

5,048
762
373
389
848
2,943
1,251
603
648
991
548
443
702
405
297
355
192
163
141
82
42
17

4.5
12.7
14.6
11.3
7.4
3.7
4.4
4.6
4.2
3.3
3.5
3.1
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.4
3.0
4.0
3.9
4.0
4.3
2.8

54,369
5,327
3,203
2,124
3,098
14,263
5,006
2,345
2,661
4,964
2,691
2,273
4,293
2,080
2,214
7,408
2,893
4,514
24,273
6,539
6,677
11,057

72.3
46.2
38.7
54.0
77.6
89.8
90.7
89.7
91.5
90.7
90.3
91.1
87.4
89.3
85.1
65.6
75.9
54.3
16.8
26.4
17.1
7.9

2,345
188
99
88
216
1,390
537
257
280
500
230
271
353
203
150
288
160
128
263
113
87
63

55,759
2,476
1,046
1,430
5,454
40,761
14,719
6,705
8,013
15,262
7,984
7,278
10,780
6,179
4,601
5,372
3,274
2,099
1,696
923
486
287

2,724
421
184
237
501
1,523
638
304
334
500
269
231
384
201
184
197
107
90
82
51
22
10

4.5
13.6
13.8
13.5
8.1
3.5
4.0
4.2
3.9
3.1
3.2
3.0
3.3
3.0
3.7
3.4
3.0
3.9
4.0
4.6
3.7
2.7

19,513
2,688
1,632
1,056
1,133
3,272
931
492
439
1,121
613
509
1,219
567
651
2.768
983
1,784
9.653
2,833
2,759
4,061

56.6
46.2
37.0
55.6
68.3
73.8
72.2
72.4
72.0
75.2
74.1
76.3
74.1
76.5
71.1
48.5
58.5
37.8
9.4
19.8
8.5
3.2

842
38
22
16
50
553
170
94
77
230
117
113
152
77
75
128
72
56
73
22
25
26

47,708
2,520
1,011
1,509
4,929
34,431
11,997
5,541
6,455
12,895
6,635
6,260
9,539
5,494
4,044
4,384
2,735
1.650
1,444
898
339
207

2,324
341
189
152
346
1,421
613
299
313
490
279
212
318
204
114
158
85
73
58
31
20
7

4.6
11.8
15.5
9.1
6.5
3.9
4.8
5.0
4.6
3.6
4.0
3.2
3.2
3.5
2.7
3.4
2.9
4.1
3.7
3.3
5.1
3.0

34,856
2.639
1,572
1,068
1,966
10,992
4,075
1,853
2,221
3,842
2,078
1,764
3,075
1,512
1,563
4,640
1,910
2,730
14,620
3,706
3,919
6.996

Percent
of
population

Agriculture

labor
force

WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over ....

28




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1994
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Total

Percent
of
population

Total

Percent
of
population

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

labor
force

BLACK

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years

30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years

65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

23,023
2,226
1,217
1,010
2,630
13,574
5,336
2,525
2,812
5,097
2,759
2,338
3,140
1,811
1,329
2,055
1,095
959
2,538
783
753
1,002

14,566
822
362
459
1,795
10,728
4,199
1,990
2,209
4,181
2,246
1,935
2,348
1,432
916
989
637
351
233
120
65
48

63.3
36.9
29.8
45.5
68.2
79.0
78.7
78.8
78.6
82.0
81.4
82.7
74.8
79.1
68.9
48.1
58.2
36.6
9.2
15.4
8.6
4.7

13,080
566
236
330
1,492
9,868
3,782
1,805
1,977
3,856
2,048
1,808
2,230
1,346
884
934
604
331
219
112
64
43

56.8
25.4
19.4
32.7
56.7
72.7
70.9
71.5
70.3
75.6
74.2
77.3
71.0
74.3
66.5
45.5
55.1
34.5
8.6
14.3
8.5
4.3

154
4
2
1
22
111

10,330
1,094
606
488
1,223
6,128
2,379
1,103
1,276
2,331
1,275
1,056
1,417
823
594
893
480
412
992
301
326
365

7,129
427
174
252
939
5,175
2,093
993
1,101
1,975
1,082
894
1,106
663
444
478
316
161
111
55

6,402
304
121
184
796
4,753
1,904
903
1,002
1,808
979
828
1,041
615
426
442
293
149
107
52
39
15

62.0
27.8
19.9
37.6
65.1
77.6
80.0
81.8
78.5
77.5
76.8
78.4
73.4
74.6
71.8
49.5
61.0
36.1
10.7
17.4
11.9
4.2

136
4
2
1
20
98
40
11
28
38
20
18
21
13
38
7

17

69.0
39.0
28.8
51.7
76.7
84.4
88.0
90.0
86.2
84.7
84.8
84.6
78.1
80.5
74.7
53.5
65.9
39.1
11.2
18.1
12.1
4.8

12,694
1,133
611
521
1,407
7,446
2,957
1,422
1,535
2,766
1,485
1,282
1,723
988
735
1,162
615
547
1,546
482
426
638

7,436
395
188
207
856
5,553
2,105
997
1,108
2,206
1,165
1,041
1,242
770
472
511
321
190
121
66
26
30

58.6
34.9
30.8
39.7
60.8
74.6
71.2
70.1
72.2
79.7
78.5
81.2
72.1
77.9
64.3
44.0
52.2
34.8
7.8
13.6
6.0
4.7

6,678
262
115
146
697
5,115
1,878
903
975
2,048
1,069
979
1,189
732
458
492
310
182
113
60
26
28

52.6
23.1
18.9
28.0
49.5
68.7
63.5
63.5
63.5
74.0
72.0
76.4
69.0
74.1
62.3
42.4
50.5
33.3
7.3
12.4
6.0
4.3

18

48
20
28
43
23
20
21
13
7

9
3
7
8

12,926
562
233
329
1,471
9,756
3,734
1,785

1,949
3,813
2,025
1,788

2,209
1,333
877

925
601
324
211
112
56
43

1,486
256
126

129
302
860

417
184
232
325
198
127
118
86
32
54
34
20
14
8
1
5

10.2
31.1
34.9
28.1
16.8
8.0
9.9
9.3
10.5
7.8
8.8
6.6
5.0
6.0
3.5
5.5
5.3
5.8
5.8
6.8

8,458
1,405
854

551
836
2,845
1,138
535
602

916
513
403

792
379
413
1,066
458
608
2,305
663
688

955

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

39

6,266
301
118
183
776
4,655
1,865
891
974
1,770
960
810
1,020

727
122
54
69
143
422

601
419
435
293

48

142

99
53
30

189

90
99

10.2
28.6
30.8
27.2

15.2
8.2
9.0
9.1

9.0

168

8.5

102
65
65

9.5
7.3
5.9
7.3

17
36
23
12
5
2

3.9
7.4
7.4
7.6
4.4

O

16

1
2

6,660

758

10.2

261

134
73
61

33.8
38.7

159
438
228

18.6

94

9.5

133
158

12.0
7.2
8.2

3,200
667
431
236
284
953
286
110
176
356
193
163
311
161
150
415
164
251
880
246
287
347

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years.




2
14
8
8
5
3
2

115
146
695
5,101
1,869

894
975
2,043
1,065
978
1,189

731
458

490
308
182

113
60
26
28

96
62
53
38
15
19
10
8
9
6
3

29.3
7.9
10.8

5.9
4.2
4.9
3.1
3.6
3.2
4.3
7.1

5,257
737
423
315
551
1,892
851
425
427
560
320
241
481
218
263
651
294
357
1,425
417
401
608

For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over

Total
Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

194,321
128,521
66.1
120,632
3,060
117,572
7,890
6.1
65,800

197,607
131,869
66.7
124,896
3,480
121,416
6,973
5.3
65,738

86,245
66,053
76.6
62,430
2,323
60,107
3,622
5.5
20,193

87,529
67,364
77.0
64,239
2,402
61,837
3,125
4.6
20,165

94,709
55,908
59.0
52,830
595
52,236
3,078
5.5
38,800

95,821
57,444
59.9
54,667
844
53,823
2,776
4.8
38,377

13,367
6,560
49.1
5,371
141
5,230
1,189
18.1
6,807

14,257
7,061
49.5
5,990
234
5,756
1,071
15.2
7,196

164,421
109,670
66.7
103,854
2,868
100,986
5,816
5.3
54,751

166,072
111,703
67.3
106,655
3,187
103,468
5,048
4.5
54,369

73,963
57,045
77.1
54,366
2,164
52,203
2,678
4.7
16,918

74,569
57,744
77.4
55,441
2,157
53,283
2,303
4.0
16,825

79,824
46,965
58.8
44,700
569
44,131
2,265
4.8
32,859

80,192
47,975
59.8
45,992
804
45,188
1,983
4.1
32,217

10,634
5,660
53.2
4,787
135
4,652
873
15.4
4,973

11,311
5,984
52.9
5,222
226
4,996
762
12.7
5,327

22,475
14,049
62.5
12,350
132
12,218
1,699
12.1
8,426

23,023
14,566
63.3
13,080
154
12,926
1,486
10.2
8,458

9,088
6,520
71.7
5,763
113
5,650
757
11.6
2,568

9,236
6,703
72.6
6,097
132
5,965
605
9.0
2,533

11,265
6,823
60.6
6,162
16
6,146
661
9.7
4,442

11,561
7,041
60.9
6,417
18
6,399
625
8.9
4,520

2,122
706
33.3
425
3
422
281
39.8
1,416

2,226
822
36.9
566
4
562
256
31.1
1,405

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current

30




Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1994
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time

Part
time

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

17,008
11,204
5,804

8,450
4,882
3,568

49.7
43.6
61.5

7,613
4,248
3,364

1,398
354
1,044

6,214
3,894
2,320

837
634
203

140
77
63

697
557
140

9.9
13.0
5.7

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

8,293
8,715
7,238
1,477

3,382
5,067
3,802
1,265

40.8
58.1
52.5
85.6

2,861
4,752
3,542
1,210

187
1,212
511
701

2,675
3,540
3,031
509

521
316
261
55

65
75
56
19

456
241
204
36

15.4
6.2
6.9
4.4

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

8,571
5,752
2,818

4,170
2,449
1,722

48.7
42.6
61.1

3,742
2,135
1,607

717
177
539

3,025
1,957
1,068

428
314
114

73
42
31

355
272
83

10.3
12.8
6.6

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

4,416
4,155
3,514
641

1,798
2,373
1,830
543

40.7
57.1
52.1
84.7

1,547
2,196
1,683
512

110
606
288
319

1,436
1,589
1,396
194

251
177
146
31

36
38
28
9

215
139
118
21

14.0
7.5
8.0
5.7

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

8,437
5,452
2,986

4,279
2,433
1,846

50.7
44.6
61.8

3,871
2,114
1,757

682
177
505

3,189
1,937
1,252

409
320
89

67
34
32

342
286
57

9.6
13.1
4.8

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,878
4,560
3,724
836

1,585
2,695
1,973
722

40.9
59.1
53.0
86.3

1,315
2,556
1,858
698

76
605
223
382

1,238
1,950
1,635
315

270
139
115
24

29
37
28
9

241
101
86
15

17.0
5.2
5.8
3.4

13,536
8,884
4,653

7,160
4,167
2,993

52.9
46.9
64.3

6,553
3,717
2,836

1,213
305
908

5,340
3,411
1,928

607
450
157

94
48
46

513
402
111

8.5
10.8
5.3

Men
Women

6,876
6,660

3,544
3,616

51.5
54.3

3,212
3,340

622
591

2,590
2,749

332
275

57
37

274
238

9.4
7.6

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

6,473
7,063
5,862
1,201

2,855
4,305
3,260
1,045

44.1
60.9
55.6
87.0

2,490
4,063
3,057
1,006

152
1,061
461
600

2,338
3,002
2,597
405

366
242
202
39

39
55
44
11

326
187
159
28

12.8
5.6
6.2
3.8

2,421
1,726
694

886
542
343

36.6
31.4
49.5

709
391
318

112
33
79

597
358
239

177
152
25

40
30
10

137
122
15

20.0
27.9
7.4

Men
Women

1,148
1,272

414
471

36.1
37.0

348
361

48
64

300
297

66
111

13
27

54
84

16.0
23.5

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

1,398
1,022
856
167

417
469
331
138

29.8
45.9
38.7
82.5

288
421
293
128

20
92
37
55

268
329
256
73

129
48
38
10

26
13
8
6

103
35
30
4

30.9
10.3
11.5
7.2

1,748
1,273
475

745
428
317

42.6
33.6
66.6

638
359
279

173
47
125

465
312
154

107
69
38

36
18
18

71
51
20

14.3
16.1
11.9

891
857

385
360

43.2
42.0

331
307

93
79

237
228

54
52

23
13

31
39

14.1
14.6

1,085
663
432
231

316
429
240
188

29.1
64.6
55.6
81.5

254
384
210
174

29
144
39
105

225
240
171
70

63
44
30
14

16
20
15
5

47
24
15
9

19.8
10.3
12.6
7.4

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
See footnotes at end of table.




31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutionai population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1994
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutionai
population

Unemployed

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time

Part
time

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

15,517
3,053
12,465

12,564
2,179
10,385

81.0
71.4
83.3

11,112
1,742
9,371

9,117
1,186
7,931

1,996
556
1,440

1,451
438
1,014

1,332
379
952

120
58
62

11.6
20.1
9.8

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

3,763
6,767
3,510
1,477

2,345
5,661
3,150
1,407

62.3
83.7
89.7
95.3

1,807
5,045
2,923
1,336

1,414
4,052
2,435
1,215

393
993
489
121

538
615
227
71

469
583
210
70

69
32
17
1

22.9
10.9
7.2
5.1

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,704
1,486
6,218

6,943
1,200
5,742

90.1
80.7
92.4

6,118

5,369
741
4,629

749
198
550

824
261
563

770
241
529

54
20
34

11.9
21.8
9.8

1,966
3,502
1,613
623

1,582
3,228
1,525
607

80.5
92.2
94.5
97.4

1,231
2,885

1,065
2,520
1,260
524

165
365
170
48

351
343
95
35

311
337
88
34

40
6
7
1

22.2
10.6
6.3
5.8

7,813
1,566
6,247

5,621
979
4,642

71.9
62.5
74.3

4,994
4,192

3,747
445
3,302

1,247
357
890

627
176
450

561
139
423

66
38
28

11.2
18.0
9.7

1,797
3,265

763
2,433
1,625
800

42.5
74.5
85.7
93.7

577
2,160
1,494
764

349
1,532
1,175
691

228
628
319
72

187
273
131
36

157
246
122
36

29
26
9
1

24.5
11.2
8.1
4.5

12,369
2,427
9,942

10.320
1,817
8,503

83.4
74.9
85.5

9,318
1,506
7,813

7,714
1,047
6,667

1,604
458
1,146

1,002
312
691

909
264
645

93
48
46

9.7
17.2
8.1

Men
Women

6,200
6,169

5,711
4,609

92.1
74.7

5,121
4,197

4,530
3,184

591
1,013

590
412

552
357

38
55

10.3
8.9

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

2,857
5,370
2,852
1,290

1,881
4,601
2,602
1,236

65.8
85.7
91.2
95.8

1,507
4,175
2,452
1,184

1,187
3,378
2,072
1,077

320
796
380
107

374
426
150
52

323
398
137
51

51
28
13
1

19.9
9.3
5.8
4.2

2,436
500
1,936

1,731

71.0
55.8
75.0

1,350

1,451

1,174

1,052
103
948

298
72
226

381
104
277

359
94
265

22
10
12

22.0
37.3
19.1

1,169
1,268

951
780

81.4
61.5

752
598

630
421

122
176

199
182

184
175

15

20.9
23.4

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college ....
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college ....
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

1,897
854

939
5,179

1,430
572
803

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women

279

175

7
314
862
446
108

48.7
75.2
84.0
95.6

180
698
374

2,097

1,920
332
1,588

Men
Women

1,426
1,219

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

1,331

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

646
1,146
531

113

3

42.6
19.0
16.3
9.9

238
65
173

41
17
24

14.5
24.8
12.4

178
101

150
89

28
13

14.0
15.6

162
94
23

133
84
22

29
10
1

19.3
13.2
7.5

97

135
542
285
90

46
156
89
7

134
164
73
11

115
164
69
11

72.6
60.6
75.7

1,641
250
1,391

1,366
181
1,186

274
69
205

279
82
197

1,270
649

89.1
53.3

1,092
548

964
402

128
146

843
716
300
61

63.3
78.5
90.2

680
621
278
61

573
504
230
59

107
117
48
2

19

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

2,645
548

912
333
70

1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and
college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not

32



presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-16. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race
(In thousands)
November 1994
Employed

Unemployed

Full-time workers

Part-time workers

At work

At work2

Age, sex, and race

Total

1

35
hours
or
more

1 to 34
hours for
economic
or
noneconomic
reasons

Not
at
work

Total

Part time for
economic
reasons

Part time
for
noneconomic
reasons

Not
at
work

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

100,588
1,540
185
1,355
99,047
8,975
90,073
79,226
10,847

82,874
1,342
140
1,201
81,532
7,681
73,851
65,290
8,561

14,880
169
37
131
14,712
1,118
13,593
11,746
1,847

2,834
30
8
22
2,804
175
2,629
2,190
439

24,309
4,450
2,293
2,157
19,859
3,761
16,099
11,665
4,434

3,222
293
15
278
2,929
685
2,243
1,978
265

19,926
4,019
2,203
1,816
15,907
2,955
12,951
9,113
3,838

1,162
138
75
63
1,024
120
904
573
331

5,541
456
125
331
5,085
1,015
4,069
3,663
406

1,432
615
404
211
817
201
615
432
183

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

59,295
918
58,377
5,168
53,209
46,554
6,654

50,312
806
49,505
4,524
44,982
39,591
5,391

7,450
87
7,363
561
6,802
5,802
1,000

1,533
25
1,509
84
1,425
1,161
264

8,018
2,156
5,862
1,618
4,244
2,468
1,776

1,418
120
1,298
339
959
855
104

6,276
1,975
4,301
1,255
3,046
1,509
1,537

324
61
263
24
239
103
135

3,127
283
2,843
560
2,283
2,024
259

574
292
282
117
165
90
75

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years

41,293
622
40,670
3,806
36,864
32,672
4,192

32,562
535
32,027
3,158
28,869
25,698
3,171

7,430
82
7,348
557
6,791
5,944
847

1,301
5
1,295
92
1,204
1,029
175

16,291
2,294
13,997
2,142
11,855
9,197
2,658

1,804
173
1,630
346
1,284
1,123
161

13,650
2,044
11,606
1,700
9,905
7,604
2,301

838
77
761
96
665
470
195

2,414
173
2,242
455
1,786
1,639
147

858
323
535
84
450
342
108

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

51,255
802
50,453
4,350
46,103
40,135
5,968

43,593
703
42,891
3,818
39,073
34,226
4,847

6,357
81
6,276
459
5,817
4,939
878

1,305
19
1,287
74
1,213
970
243

6,849
1,862
4,987
1,320
3,668
2,016
1,652

1,115
92
1,023
260
763
671
92

5,466
1,726
3,740
1,038
2,702
1,265
1,436

269
45
224
21
203
80
123

2,284
200
2,084
409
1,675
1,462
213

439
220
219
92
127
60
67

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

34,116
550
33,566
3,225
30,341
26,730
3,611

26,984
475
26,509
2,672
23,836
21,138
2,698

6,042
73
5,970
475
5,495
4,737
757

1,090
3
1,088
77
1,010
855
155

14,434
2,008
12,426
1,754
10,672
8,253
2,419

1,385
146
1,240
241
998
876
123

12,277
1,790
10,487
1,432
9,056
6,943
2,113

771
72
699
81
618
434
184

1,659
112
1,547
282
1,266
1,143
123

665
229
436
65
371
278
93

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,581
79
5,502
600
4,902
4,453
449

4,642
74
4,568
509
4,059
3,694
365

780
_
780
84
696
624
71

158
4
154
6
148
135
13

821
225
596
196
399
300
100

216
19
197
67
131
123
7

570
192
378
131
248
167
81

34
14
20
21
10
11

629
70
559
127
432
398
34

99
52
46
16
30
24
6

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,387
57
5,330
428
4,902
4,481
421

4,158
48
4,110
360
3,750
3,401
349

1,065
7
1,058
54
1,004
948
56

165
3
162
14
148
132
15

1,291
204
1,087
269
818
634
184

319
25
295
84
210
182
28

925
179
746
172
574
429
146

47
1
46
13
33
22
11

609
54
556
148
408
390
17

149
80
69
11
58
48
10

20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
White

Black

1
Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on their usual
weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are at work during the
reference week. Persons absent from work are also classified according to their usual
status.
2
Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason for




working part time.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17. Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)

Men

Total
16 years
and over

Occupation

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

120,632 124,896 65,147

67,313

62,430

64,239

55,485

57,584

52,830

54,667

34,646
16,739
721
11,717
4,301
17,907
1,908
1,168
482

17,132
9,004
407
6,622

18,110

17,051

18,026
9,531

15,856

16,536

6,655
293
4,124

15,729
6,616
293
4,095

2,238

7,174
325
4,535
2,314

16,401
7,121
325
4,488
2,308

9,201

9,362

150
342
138

177
377
156

931
2,759

684
374
475
1,127

165
2,393

212
2,358
406

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations

32,988
15,659

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

36,864
3,854
1,612
1,041
1,201
14,259
3,954
2,355
1,543
6,322
84
18,751
850
578
4,034
2,232

699
10,746
4,213
17,329
1,698
1,118
527
849
2,768
817
4,528
817
4,206

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

1,975
8,128

1,549
776
390

9,565
396
7,182
1,987

8,545
1,731
791
326
719
402

23,707
1,989
1,272
215
503

7,015
2,654

6,993

1,418
1,125

949
336

1,775
43
3,759
327

196
56
187
637
2,550

4,179
48
14,724
478
383

511

6,758
30
1,929
4,799
2,488
236
1,534
541

5,853
46
1,761
4,046
1,796
283
1,515
452

13,157
1,865
340
827

13,276
1,892
315
893
684

10,116

37,779
3,921
1,591
1,195
1,135
15,064
4,465
2,460
1,447
6,560
132
18,794
806
517
4,116
2,227
1,054
10,074

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and buHding service
Personal service

16,585

16,754

928

832

2,136
13,520
5,733
2,266
2,919
2,602

13,628
5,860
2,194
2,783
2,791

6,644
55
1,782
4,808
2,364

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,774
4,546
5,240
3,988

13,868
4,397
5,251
4,220

12,551
4,368
5,136
3,047

12,589
4,213
5,153
3,223

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,209
7,460
5,103
3,943
1,160
4,647
641
4,006

18,245
7,956
5,172
3,880
1,291
5,117
796
4,321

12,939
4,555
4,640
3,523
1,117
3,745
629
3,116

3,212
1,182
2,030

3,605
1,450
2,155

2,722
1,033
1,689

Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current

34




791
326

12,652
1,878
314
880
684

2,171

2,294

1,986
8,495
1,731

12,535
1,846
338
817
691
6,864
2,459
1,399
1,207
1,764
36
3,825
371
189
73
192
570
2,429

2,109

940

396
7,149

341
3,401

645

915

4,494
927
4,322

407
6,588
1,974
8,082
1,543
777
390
684
374
469
1,121
645
2,080

719
402
507
1,170
720
2,131

509
1,176
720

,

20 years
and over

16 years
and over

20 years
and over

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993
Total

16 years
and over

Women

698
7,265
2,473
1,406

1,207
2,143
36

4,026
372
196
80

196
589
2,594

302
1,630

7,429
2,666
1,427
1,124
2,168
43
3,955
328

180
51
181
620
2,400

173
2,097

1,481

3,954
2,037

3,318
207
2,150

24,503
2,029
1,276
303
450
7,635

1,799
1,032
323
4,392
89
14,839
478
321
4,060

2,039

351
7,522

417
7,524

5,834
21
1,902
3,911
1,780
214
1,450
466

9,940

9,995

873
354
8,713

801
365
8,829
3,372

12,319
4,266
5,048
3,004

12,337
4,117
5,047
3,173

13,657
4,809
4,683
3,460
1,223
4,164
769
3,395

12,093
4,411
4,536
3,431
1,105
3,145
589
2,556

2,923
1,107
1,816

2,580
1,028
1,552

3,369
1,964
1,289

1,958

2,228
9,113
150
340
138
165
2,391
338
3,354

173
2,065
22,377
1,974
1,263
213

497
6,103
1,463
942
329
3,326
42

9,280
177
377
156
212
2,357
405

3,269
207
2,120

22,956
2,014
1,270
299
445
6,598
1,782

998
317
3,416
85

14,300
476
373
3,867
2,018
343
7,224

14,345
475
317
3,958

8,959
751
345
7,863
2,758
1,898

9,028
726

2,016
404

7,175

348
7,954
2,760
1,880
1,185
2,130

1,250
2,250

1,226

1,222
177
105
941

1,279
184
98

1,196
176
103
918

1,255

12,681
4,639
4,574
3,373
1,201
3,468
731
2,736

4,270
2,905
462
420
43
902

4,588
3,147
488
420
68

4,109
2,854
454

12
891

953
27
927

793

4,383
3,051
481
412
68
851
25
826

2,710
1,070
1,640

490
149
341

682
344
339

460
149
311

644
337
307

2,091

997

1,981

412
42
801
8

184

95
975

Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Women

Men

Total
Occupation and race

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

120,632
100.0

124,896
100.0

65,147
100.0

67,313
100.0

55,485
100.0

57,584
100.0

27.3
13.0
14.4
30.6
3.2

27.7
13.4
14.3
30.2

26.3
13.8
12.5
20.2
2.9

26.9
14.2
12.7
19.7
2.8
11.0

28.6

28.7
12.5
16.3
42.6
3.5
13.3
25.8
17.4
1.4
.6

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) .
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

11.8

15.5
13.7
.8
1.8
11.2
11.4
14.3

3.1
12.1
15.0

13.4
.7
1.8

10.9

11.2
6.2
10.2
.1
2.7
7.4

5.9
10.0

O
2.9
7.1

58,104
100.0

47,088
100.0

48,550
100.0

28.0

15.0

29.6
12.4

29.8
13.1

13.0
19.9
2.8
11.6
5.5

17.2
43.7
3.6
13.0
27.1

16.7
43.3
3.6

9.0
.1
2.7
6.3
19.6

16.7

16.3

1.5
14.6
2.1
7.0
4.7
.8
1.5
1.0

1.3
.6
14.5
2.1
7.2
4.8
.8
1.6
1.3

2.9

103,854
100.0

106,655
100.0

56,766
100.0

28.3
13.5
14.8

28.8
14.1
14.7
30.6
3.2
12.6
14.8

27.2
14.4
12.8
20.5
2.8

4.1

1.6
.6

1.6
.9

18.7
20.3

6.2
4.2
3.9
2.7

17.9

15.3
2.2
8.0
5.5
.8
1.7
1.2

19.3
19.9
7.0
7.1
5.7
4.2

11.1
14.6
6.4
4.1

12.0
16.6
42.7
3.6
12.6
26.5

7.1
7.0
6.2
4.3

15.7
2.2
7.7
5.2
.8

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands).
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

31.0
3.2
12.3

15.5
12.5
.7
1.6
10.1
11.9
13.5
5.8
4.1
3.5
2.8

12.3
.6
1.7
10.0
11.6

11.7
5.9
9.0
.1
2.5
6.4

.6

13.7
26.0

5.9

20.1
18.8
6.7

3.9
3.8
3.0

6.9
5.2
4.4

19.0
6.8
6.6
5.6
4.5

12,350
100.0

13,080
100.0

5,972
100.0

6,402
100.0

6,378
100.0

6,678
100.0

18.0
8.5
9.5
27.5
3.0
8.0

19.2
8.3
10.9
28.3
2.8
8.5

15.7

16.9
8.1
8.8

21.3

16.5
23.8
1.2
3.2

21.1
1.0
3.2

19.4
8.1

16.9
7.9

21.0
9.0
5.6
6.4
1.6

22.0
9.5
6.0
6.5
1.6

20.2
8.5
11.7
37.5
3.5
9.8
24.1
27.5
2.2
1.4
23.9
2.7
11.9
8.4
1.1
2.4
.3

13.6

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) .
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
1

Less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the




17.1

8.5

7.2
16.8
2.5
6.0
8.3
19.9
.1
5.1

17.6
2.4
6.7
8.6
17.7

13.8
30.7

5.2
12.5
13.2
31.6

9.6
10.3
10.8
3.1

9.9
10.9
10.8
3.0

14.6

8.4
12.9
38.6
3.1
10.3
25.2
24.3
2.0

1.2
21.1
2.8
12.8

9.0
1.3
2.5
.2

Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.

35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Employed persons by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
November 1994
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Professional services
Public administration

Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Total
Executive,
emAdminisTechniadminisployed
trative
cians
Private
ProfesOther
trative,
and
Sales support, housesional
and
service1
including hold
specialty related
manaclerical
support
gerial

3,480
684
7,919
20,269
11,832
8,437

119
104
1,068
2,598
1,577
1,021

80
73
165
1,748
1,150

598

8,708
26,203
4,910
21,293

1,096
2,336
572
1,764

474
519
98
421

8,192
43,406
973
42,434
29,537
6,036

2,241
5,839
7
5,832
3,660
1,337

269
13,734
9
13,725
12,224
844

50
28
71
650
443
207

14
5

55
713
300
414

315

277
174 10,842
43 1,942

131 8,899
151 2,058
2,278 1,077
2,278
1,964
203

1,077

211
24

1
Includes protective service, not shown separately.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the

36




17
5
27
291
137
155

171
57
478
2,037
1,152
884

2,371
2,419
809
1,611

2,863
6,799
9
6,790
5,107
1,599

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

832
832

Precision
Farming,
Machine
producHandlers, forestry,
operTransportion,
and
equipment
ators,
tation
craft,
cleaners, fishing
assemand
and
helpers,
blers,
material
repair
and
and
moving
laborers
inspectors
37
240
4,544
3,924
2,729
1,195

2,908
2
30
91
87
5

8
31
81
6,369
3,332
3,038

55
122
523
749
417
332

20
17
879
1,097

542
2,011
431
1,580

14
92

15

66
371
32
339

256
4,944
23
4,920

1,210
1,417
266
1,151

137
401
202
199

2,015

324
8,400
65

170
2,102

18
887

8,336
5,133
1,658

2,093
486
224

17
591
2
589
325
52

9
887
259
24

1,049
453

596

509
589

496
8
488
84
40

71
21

85
32

Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-20. Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
November 1994
Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture

Wage and salary workers
Age and sex

Wage
Unpaid
Selfand
employed family
salary
workers workers
workers

Private industries
Total
Total

Other
Private
private
household
workers industries

Unpaid
Selfemployed family
Government workers workers

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

1,768
150
71
79
250
538
382
239
134
75

1,664
67
45
22
60
247
434
303
279
274

48
17
9
8
7
4
2
3
14
1

112,315
5,667
2,296
3,371
12,163
30,110
30,589
21,235
9,827
2,723

93,788
5,402
2,226
3,176
11,238
26,104
24,756
16,263
7,834
2,191

964
99
59
40
114
217
199
155
132
47

92,824
5,303
2,167
3,136
11,123
25,887
24,557
16,108
7,703
2,144

18,528
265
71
195
926
4,006
5,833
4,972
1,993
533

8,986
78
50
28
251
1,807
2,749
2,179
1,246
676

115
11
6
5
4
9
33
27
17
15

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

1,346
116
55
62
202
419
271
179
96
63

1,225
62
39
23
55
189
304
208
197
211

26
16
9
7
3
1

59,145
2,842
1,163
1,679
6,376
16,334
16,023
10,965
5,199
1,406

50,749
2,736
1,136
1,601
5,944
14,462
13,511
8,685
4,260
1,151

86
21
17
4
11
24
11
11
6
3

50,664
2,716
1,119
1,597
5,933
14,438
13,500
8,674
4,254
1,148

8,396
106
28
78
432
1,872
2,513
2,280
939
255

5,543
32
22
10
149
1,051
1,738
1,330
827
417

28

422
33
16
17
48
119
111
60
38
12

439
5
6

23
1

53,170
2,825
1,133
1,692
5,787
13,777
14,566
10,269
4,628
1,318

43,038
2,665
1,090
1,575
5,294
11,642
11,245
7,578
3,574
1,040

878
78
42
36
104
193
188
144
126
44

42,160
2,587
1,048
1,539
5,190
11,449
11,057
7,434
3,448
995

10,131
160
43
117
494
2,134
3,321
2,691
1,054
278

3,443
46
29
18
102
755
1,012
849
419
260

87
5
4
2
2
7
29
22
12
10

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

5
58
130
96
83
62

4
2

1
4
3
2
3
10

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the




3
2
2
4
5
4
5

Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Persons at work in agriculture and nonagriculture industries by hours of work
November 1994

All
industries
Total, 16 years and over
1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours
35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Hours of work

...

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, persons who usually work full time

.

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

All
industries

Nonagricultural
industries

Agriculture

120,901

3,291

117,611

100.0

100.0

100.0

37,216
1,251
5,469
16,720
13,777

1,096
66
242
516
272

36,120
1,185
5,226
16,204
13,505

30.8
1.0
4.5
13.8
11.4

33.3
2.0
7.4
15.7
8.3

30.7
1.0
4.4
13.8
11.5

83,685
8,375
38,557
36,752
13,644
13,414
9,694

2,195
184
688
1,323
223
392
708

81,490
8,191
37,869
35,430
13,421
13,023
8,986

69.2
6.9
31.9
30.4
11.3
11.1
8.0

66.7
5.6
20.9
40.2
6.8
11.9
21.5

69.3
7.0
32.2
30.1
11.4
11.1
7.6

38.5
42.9

41.5
49.0

38.4
42.7

-

Employment and Earnings. Detail on persons at work in tables A-21 through
A-25 may not sum to the totals shown because of minor editing problems
associated with the redesign survey.

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of

A-22. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working less than 35 hours and usual
full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1994
Nonagricultural industries

All industries
Reason for working less than 35 hours

Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Seasonal work
Job started or ended during week
Noneconomic reasons
Child-care problems
Other family or personal obligations
Health or medical limitations
In school or training
Retired or Social Security limit on earnings
Vacation or personal day
Holiday, legal or religious
Weather-related curtailment
All other reasons

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

36,120

14,568

21,552

3,052
1,308

4,156
2,250

1,238
1,015

2,918

1,688
55

1,641
78
187

19,284
747
5,204
712
6,855

31,964

1,978

1,827
2,803

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

37,216

14,880

22,336

4,368
2,374
1,688
118

1,316
1,066

Total

188

62
188

5,885

13,564
46
681

712
6,918

63

32,848

793

1,978
2,845

Total

781
5,712
672
6,751

37
187

1,235
1,641
42

13,330
46
669

18,634
734
5,043
672

60

6,691
1,827

6,171

2,803
6,926
322
2,504

3,667

22.3
22.9

23.2
28.2

21.9
19.2

6,982

2,845
6,982

380
6,356

2,567

3,789

Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons

22.3
22.8

23.1
28.1

21.9
19.1

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the

Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.

38




6,926
322

380

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1994
Average hours

Worked 1 to 34 hours

Industry and class of worker

For noneconomic
reasons

Total
at
work

Total

Total 16 years and over.

117,611

36,120

Wage and salary workers .

109,044

For
economic
reasons

Worked
35 hours
or more

Total
at
work

Persons who
usually work
full time

Usually
work
full
time

Usually
work
part
time

4,156

13,330

18,634

81,490

38.4

42.7

33,124

3,659

12,774

16,691

75,920

38.4

42.4

651

50

11

28

12

601

47.8

48.4

6,145

1,517

306

900

311

4,628

40.0

41.5

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods.

19,304
11,258
8,046

2,593
1,297
1,296

337
143
194

1,522
849
673

734
305
429

16,711
9,961
6,750

42.4
43.2
41.2

43.4
44.0
42.6

Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .

8,046
23,658
7,316

1,883
8,611
2,161

223
1,197
117

1,103
1,128
1,294

557
6,286
750

6,163
15,047
5,155

41.5
36.4
38.6

43.4
43.6
40.9

Service industries
Private households..
All other industries ..
Public administration ..

38,106
928
37,178
5,818

13,534
499
13,035
2,775

1,436
87
1,349
33

4,452
43
4,409
2,348

7,647
370
7,277
395

24,571
429
24,143
3,042

36.8
29.9
37.0
36.5

42.1
43.2
42.1
38.0

Self-employed workers.
Unpaid family workers ..

8,451
115

2,934
62

492
4

546
10

1,897
47

5,517
54

39.0
34.5

46.6
44.1

Mining
Construction

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current




Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1994
Average hours

Worked 1 to 34 hours
Industry and class of worker

For noneconomic
reasons

Total
at
work

Total

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

117,611
5,602
2,278
3,323
112,009
12,139
99,870
86,077
13,793

36,120
4,275
2,139
2,136
31,845
4,548
27,297
21,826
5,471

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

62,976
2,803
1,153
1,650
60,173
6,433
53,740
46,249
7,491

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

For
economic
reasons

Worked
35 hours
or more

Total
at
work

Persons who
usually work
full time

Usually
work
full
time

Usually
work
part
time

4,156
307
21
286
3,848
786
3,062
2,682
380

13,330
121
27
94
13,209
929
12,280
10,667
1,614

18,634
3,846
2,091
1,756
14,788
2,833
11,955
8,478
3,476

81,490
1,327
139
1,187
80,164
7,591
72,573
64,251
8,322

38.4
23.1
16.7
27.4
39.2
35.4
39.7
40.3
35.5

42.7
40.0
36.1
40.5
42.7
41.5
42.9
43.0
42.0

14,182
2,021
1,065
956
12,160
2,033
10,127
7,771
2,356

1,992
126
14
112
1,866
390
1,476
1,303
173

6,423
58
9
49
6,365
445
5,919
5,086
833

5,767
1,838
1,042
796
3,930
1,198
2,732
1,382
1,349

48,795
782
88
694
48,013
4,400
43,613
38,478
5,135

41.5
24.2
17.4
29.0
42.3
37.3
42.9
43.6
38.6

44.2
40.4
37.8
40.7
44.3
42.4
44.5
44.6
43.6

54,634
2,798
1,125
1,673
51,836
5,706
46,130
39,828
6,303

21,938
2,254
1,074
1,180
19,685
2,515
17,170
14,055
3,115

2,164
182
8
174
1,982
396
1,586
1,379
207

6,907
63
18
45
6,844
483
6,361
5,581
780

12,867
2,009
1,049
960
10,858
1,635
9,223
7,096
2,127

32,696
545
51
493
32,151
3,191
28,960
25,773
3,188

34.9
21.9
16.0
25.9
35.7
33.4
35.9
36.6
31.9

40.5
39.5
34.0
40.2
40.5
40.2
40.6
40.7
39.6

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

100,201
54,285
45,915

30,917
12,095
18,823

3,273
1,597
1,676

11,102
5,483
5,619

16,542
5,015
11,527

69,283
42,190
27,093

38.5
41.7
34.8

43.0
44.5
40.7

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

12,535
6,083
6,452

3,748
1,486
2,263

644
278
366

1,677
682
994

1,428
526
903

8,787
4,597
4,189

37.7
39.4
36.1

40.7
42.0
39.5

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

38,985
7,194
16,797

7,014
1,425
5,742

890
269
832

4,289
756
1,378

1,835
399
3,533

31,970
5,769
11,055

43.4
42.2
36.8

44.8
44.1
42.6

Women, 16 years and overMarried, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

30,265
10,951
13,418

12,304
3,635
6,000

976
466
721

4,022
1,512
1,373

7,305
1,657
3,905

17,962
7,315
7,419

34.9
37.0
33.5

40.3
40.7
40.8

TOTAL

Race

Marital status

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current

40




Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1994
Average hours

Worked 1 to 34 hours

Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
1

Total

117,493




For

Worked
35 hours
or more

Total
at
work

Persons w h o
usually work
full time

economic
reasons

Usually
work
full
time

Usually
work
part
time

36,077

4,133

13,283

18,661

81,416

38.4

42.7

33,674
16,287
17,386
36,577
3,771
14,583
18,223
16,190
805
2,209
13,176
13,466
17,588
7,693
4,966
4,929

9,071
3,558
5,512
13,062
1,082
4,727
7,253
7,193
432
512
6,250
2,649
4,102
1,212
1,131
1,759

591
203
388
1,074
71
525
478
1,168
79
54
1,035
511
789
226
199
364

4,781
2,205
2,577
4,394
520
702
3,172
1,173
32
286
854
1,564
1,370
560
408
402

3,699
1,151
2,548
7,593
491
3,500
3,602
4,852
320
172
4,360
574
1,943
425
524
994

24,603
12,729
11,874
23,515
2,689
9,856
10,970
8,996
373
1,697
6,925
10,817
13,486
6,481
3,835
3,170

41.0
43.0
39.2
36.5
38.4
38.3
34.7
33.6
29.9
41.0
32.6
41.2
39.8
40.8
42.5
35.7

44.1
45.0
43.1
41.6
41.3
45.0
39.1
41.7
43.6
43.6
41.1
42.6
42.9
42.3
45.8
40.9

62,658

14,066

1,969

6,388

5,709

48,591

41.5

44.3

17,683
9,348
8,335
12,948
1,829
7,255
3,864
6,582
30
1,852
4,701
12,226
13,219
4,696
4,498
4,024

3,533
1,564
1,968
3,065
392
1,389
1,284
2,275
15
366
1,894
2,357
2,837
579
883
1,374

286
118
168
292
22
171
99
374
_
39
334
465
553
101
171
281

2,126
1,049
1,077
1,252
260
309
684
525
2
225
297
1,462
1,022
323
362
337

1,121
397
724
1,520
110
908
501
1,376
12
101
1,263
430
1,262
155
351
756

14,150
7,784
6,366
9,883
1,437
5,866
2,580
4,308
15
1,487
2,806
9,869
10,382
4,117
3,615
2,650

44.2
45.7
42.4
41.2
41.5
43.1
37.4
36.5
(2)
42.5
34.2
41.5
40.8
42.1
43.7
36.2

46.1
47.1
45.0
44.6
43.1
47.1
40.6
42.7
(2)
44.3
41.9
42.7
43.6
43.0
46.2
40.9

54,835

22,011

2,164

6,895

12,952

32,824

34.9

40.5

2,578
754
1,824
6,073
381
2,592
3,101
3,476
308
71
3,098
144
681
270
173
237

10,453
4,945
5,508
13,632
1,252
3,990
8,390
4,688
358
211
4,119
948
3,103
2,364
220
520

37.6
39.4
36.2
34.0
35.6
33.4
34.0
31.6
30.0
33.2
31.7
38.5
36.9
38.8
31.0
33.7

41.4
42.0
41.0
39.6
39.4
42.1
38.7
40.7
43.7
39.4
40.5
41.3
40.8
41.0
39.6
40.5

15,991
6,940
9,051
23,628
1,942
7,328
14,359
9,607
775
357
8,475
1,240
4,369
2,997
467
905

Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and

2

For noneconomic
reasons

Total
at
work

5,538
1,994
3,544
9,997
690
3,338
5,969
4,919
417
146
4,356
292
1,265
633
248
385

305
85
220
782
48
354
380
794
79
15
701
46
236
125
28
83

2,656
1,155
1,500
3,142
261
393
2,488
648
31
61
557
101
348
237
46
65

earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

41

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-26. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Women

Men

Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons

Unemployment
rates

Thousands of
persons

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

3,272
1,248
763
1,261

6.1
4.3
6.6
9.8

5.4
3.7
6.2
8.3

2,619
1,177
574
868

2,324
1,019

5.3
4.1
5.9
7.8

4.6
3.5
5.8
6.4

806
143
188
475

758
140
162
456

11.2
5.8
9.1

17.9

10.2
5.6
7.7
16.0

4.1
3.0
6.5
6.7

2,512

2,237
1,095
708
433

5.1
4.0
6.3
7.5

4.4
3.5
6.0
5.8

4.3
3.3
6.0
7.4

3.5
2.7
5.5
5.6

1,892
1,068

521
303

1,637
892
523
222

4.5
3.9
5.6
5.9

3.8
3.2
5.6
4.1

10.2
7.1
10.9

8.0
4.9
11.1
11.6

487
114
179
193

465
124
150
191

8.2
4.9

7.5
5.2
7.3
10.9

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

3,596

11.3

5.2
3.1
6.5
9.3

5.3
3.4
6.0
9.8

4.5
2.8
5.5
8.1

13.0
7.3

10.2
4.9

11.4
20.5

15.4

875

1,225
524
699

5.0
3.7
6.8
8.8

White, 25 years and over....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,205
1,225
389
591

1,802
977
365
460

Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

579
219
112
249

462
148
118
197

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

4,293
1,620
553
2,120

3,700
1,317
542
1,840

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,198
1,298
403

2,724
1,056

1,497

1,287

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

893
234
119
541

727
152
122
454

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,938
1,531
532

2,448

380

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the

42




Unemployment
rates

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

6.2
3.8

6.9

15.7

11.3

1,389
806
1,401

1,249
742
521

563
743

8.9

12.1

Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Nov.
1994

Women

Men

Total

Total
Nov.
1993

Total, 16 years and over1

Unemployment rates

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

7,890

6,973

6.1

5.3

6.2

5.2

6.1

5.4

910
455
455

794
447
347

2.7
2.8
2.6

2.2
2.6
1.9

2.8
2.7
2.9

2.1
2.3
1.8

2.6
3.0
2.3

2.4
3.0
2.0

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,937
139
873
925

1,749
116
807
826

5.0
3.5
5.8
4.7

4.4
2.9
5.1
4.2

4.2
3.4
4.5
4.0

3.9
3.1
4.0
4.1

5.4
3.6
7.1
4.9

4.7
2.6
6.1
4.2

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,383
92

7.5
10.3
3.4
8.0

8.0
(2)
5.0
9.0

7.8
(2)
3.1
9.4

7.5
8.6
5.5
7.5

7.3
9.6
4.6
7.2

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

115

1,355
95
80

1,176

1,180

7.7
9.0
5.1
8.0

888
196
474
218

700
157
386
157

6.1
4.1
8.3
5.2

4.8
3.4
6.8
3.6

6.0
4.2
8.4
4.2

4.8
3.4
6.7
3.4

6.9
1.3
3.9
8.2

5.0
5.5
13.0
4.1

1,608
709
329
570
135
435

1,519
626
299
594
155
440

8.5
8.7
6.1

8.1
7.5
6.0

10.9
17.4
9.8

7.7
7.3
5.5
10.4
16.3

7.6
6.6
5.5
10.8
16.1

9.9
10.5
6.7
9.7

Farming, forestry, and fishing

317

322

9.0

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

814
560
126
128

486
329
68
90

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

1
Includes a small number of persons whose last job was in the Armed
Forces.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993




9.2

11.2
16.1
10.1

8.2

8.7

9.5

(2)
8.5

8.0
8.3
5.0
8.5
(2)
8.1

7.8

10.5

10.0

and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

43

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-28. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry
Nov.

Men

Total

Total

1993
Total, 16 years and over

Unemployment rates

Nov.
1994

Women

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

7,890

6,973

6.1

5.3

6.2

5.2

6.1

5.4

6,098

5,553

6.4

5.6

6.3

5.6

6.4

5.6

47
665

31
582

6.6
10.9

4.4
9.1

7.1
11.0

5.1
9.5

3.7
10.8

5.1

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery and computing equipment
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries

1,308
741
37
52
31

994
483
64
24
12
23
63
68
68
84
32
52
23
53
511
142
42
96
18
89
64
47
13

6.4
6.2
5.2
7.7
5.3
5.1
8.7
6.0
6.2
5.8
4.6
7.2
5.6
5.9
6.7
6.8
4.9
12.6
5.4
6.4
4.0
7.1
6.3

4.8
4.0
8.5
3.7
2.2
2.9
4.8
3.0
3.7
3.7
2.5
5.0
3.1
7.6
5.9
8.0
5.9
8.8
2.5
4.9
4.8
5.5
3.1

5.4
5.5
4.8
8.3
5.2
3.8
9.1
4.8
4.9
4.9
3.4
6.3
3.5
6.4
5.4
5.2
4.7
7.3
4.2
7.1
3.5
6.0
5.2

4.2
3.8
9.3
4.0
2.3
3.2
4.4
2.8
3.1
3.0
1.7
4.5
1.3
9.2
4.8
6.7
7.3
10.3
1.7
3.0
4.4
5.4
.5

8.5
8.2
7.6
6.1
6.0

11.4
7.2
9.7
7.9
9.1
7.7
11.4
8.8
5.6
8.8
9.6
5.2
14.7
8.6
5.3
4.9
9.7
8.1

6.0
4.6
4.0
3.1
1.7
1.5
6.1
3.7
4.5
5.9
5.3
6.7
5.5
5.0
7.4
10.3
4.1
8.2
5.0
7.4
5.6
5.8
8.9

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

340
255
85
1,751
194
1,558
278
1,709
679
1,030

328
232

96
1,707
203
1,505
283
1,628
578
1,049

5.0
6.1
3.1
7.2
4.5
7.7
3.7
5.8
3.8
8.8

4.7
5.2
3.7
6.6
4.3
7.1
3.7
5.3
3.1
8.6

4.9
6.1
2.6
6.6
4.2
7.4
3.5
6.1
3.4
8.6

5.3
5.8
4.1
5.9
3.4
6.7
3.2
5.7
2.7
8.3

5.2
6.3
4.1
7.7
5.3
8.0
3.9
5.5
3.9
9.0

3.2
3.5
3.0
7.3
6.2
7.4
4.1
5.0
3.2
8.9

220
758
814

210
723
486

11.7
2.5

10.6
2.4

11.2
2.7

9.9
2.5

13.4
2.3

12.7
2.3

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current

44




38

116
142
112
137
55
82
42
34
567

117
35
137
40
106
51
56
25

Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table A-29. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Total,
16 years
and over
Nov.
1993

Women,
20 years
and over

Men,
20 years
and over

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Black

White

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

7,890
4,196
882
3,314

0
0

989
1,963
741

6,973
3,366
803
2,563
1,801
762
714
2,407
486

3,622
2,490
528
1,961

O
O
412
640
81

3,125
1,976
466
1,510
1,033
477
335
773
41

3,078
1,529
329
1,199

O
O
402
1,001
147

2,776
1,264
299
965
711
254
302
1,093
117

1,189
177
24
154

O
O
176
323
513

1,071
126
38
88
57
31
76
541
329

O
0

502

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

5,816 5,048 1,699 1,486
618
3,182 2,519 843
139
110
600
758
479
2,424 1,919 733
301
1,393 O
177
526 O
183 124
554
755 1,670 486 600
144
189
1,378 305

100.0
53.2
11.2
42.0
12.5
24.9
9.4

100.0
48.3
11.5
36.8
10.2
34.5
7.0

100.0
68.7
14.6
54.1
11.4
17.7
2.2

100.0
63.2
14.9
48.3
10.7
24.7
1.3

100.0
49.7
10.7
39.0
13.1
32.5
4.8

100.0
45.5
10.8
34.8
10.9
39.4
4.2

100.0
14.9
2.0
12.9
14.8
27.1
43.1

3.3
.8
1.5
.6

2.6
.5
1.8
.4

3.8
.6
1.0
.1

2.9
.5
1.1
.1

2.7
.7
1.8
.3

2.2
.5
1.9
.2

2.7
2.7
4.9
7.8

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
11.7 54.7 49.9 49.6 41.6
9.4
6.5
3.6 13.0 11.9
8.2 41.7 38.0 43.1 32.2
8.4
7.1 13.0 11.0 10.7
50.5 23.7 33.1 28.6 40.4
6.0 11.1
9.7
8.6
30.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
N e w entrants

1
Not available.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current




1.8
1.1
7.7
4.7

2.9
.7
1.3
.5

2.3
.5
1.5
.3

6.0
1.3
3.5
1.3

4.2
.9
4.1
1.0

Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

45

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
November 1994
Duration of unemployment

Total unemployed
Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons

Total, 16 years and over.
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
....
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men, 20 years and over .
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years.

Percent

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

6,973

100.0

35.4

29.6

35.0

15.3

19.7

3.366
803
2,563
1,801
762
714
2,407
486

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

38.3
66.6
29.4
26.7
36.0
36.2
32.7
27.4

28.3
23.5
29.8
28.9
32.0
31.8
30.2
32.1

33.4
9.9
40.7
44.4
32.1
32.0
37.1
40.5

15.4
5.1
18.6
19.0
17.6
15.3
14.2
20.6

18.0
4.8
22.1
25.4
14.4
16.7
22.9
19.9

3.125

100.0

34.7

26.8

38.5

15.6

22.9

1,976
466

1,510
1.033
477
335
773
41

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

38.7
65.1
30.5
27.9
36.3
28.4
27.8

26.9
24.7
27.5
26.7
29.3
29.5
24.8

34.4
10.1
41.9
45.4
34.5
42.0
47.4

15.1
5.6
18.0
18.1
18.0
16.9
16.8

19.3
4.6
23.9
27.3
16.5
25.1
30.5

O

O

O

O

O

2,776

100.0

34.1

30.7

35.2

15.6

19.6

1,264
299
965
711
254
302
1,093
117

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

34.8
66.9
24.9
21.7
33.9
38.8
32.9
25.0

30.6
24.2
32.6
31.9
34.6
36.1
30.0
24.0

34.5
8.9
42.4
46.3
31.5
25.1
37.1
51.0

17.3
5.0
21.2
21.9
19.1
13.6
13.6
21.0

17.2
3.9
21.3
24.4
12.4
11.5
23.5
30.0

1,071

100.0

40.7

34.9

24.4

13.7

10.7

126
38
88
57
31
76

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

67.1

27.2

5.7

O

O

O

O

60.2

38.1

O

O
O

O
O

O
O

o
o

O
O

60.0
39.2
28.4

24.6
38.4
34.5

15.4
22.4
37.0

14.9
11.6
22.2

.5
10.8
14.9

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

541
329

1
Data not shown where base is less than 75.000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current

5.7
.1

1.7

1.7

Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

A-31. Unemployed total and full-time workers by duration of unemployment
Full-time workers

Total
Duration of unemployment

Total 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks ......
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

Thousands of persons




Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

7,890

6,973

100.0

100.0

6,221

5,541

100.0

100.0

2,855
2.327
1,729
598
2,707
1.048
1,659
663
996

2,467
2,063
1,459
604
2,443
1,068
1,374
598
776

36.2
29.5
21.9
7.6
34.3
13.3
21.0
8.4
12.6

35.4
29.6
20.9
8.7
35.0
15.3
19.7
8.6
11.1

1,955
1,841
1,345
496
2,425
914
1.511
599
912

1,789
1,599
1,087
512
2,153
931
1,222
521
701

31.4
29.6
21.6
8.0
39.0
14.7
24.3
9.6
14.7

32.3
28.9
19.6
9.2
38.9
16.8
22.1
9.4
12.6

18.8
8.2

17.9
8.7

21.0
9.6

19.6
9.9

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the

46

Percent distribution

_

Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Unemployed persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
November 1994
Weeks

Thousands of persons
Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Less
Total

than
5 weeks

15 weeks and over
5 to 14
weeks

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

TOTAL

1,374
115
185
367
342
227
108
31

17.9
11.9
14.8
17.6
20.6
22.7
23.6
20.6

8.7
6.8
7.4
8.8
10.0
11.7

547
59
99
135
123
69
46
16

778
63
101

18.6
11.6
15.0
17.7
23.3
23.3
23.5
24.5

8.6
5.9
6.5
9.0
10.4
12.0
11.6
7.7

596
52
84
171
143
94
46
6

17.1
12.3
14.5
17.4
17.7
22.0
23.7

8.8
7.7
8.2
8.6

166
78
21

521
88
75
136
104
71
32
14

O

O

1,526
795
730

1,654
915
739

712
358
354

942
557
385

17.3
18.4
16.0

8.1
8.1
8.1

461
232
229

399
181
218

626
315
311

285
146
139

341
169
172

19.8
19.8
19.9

11.0
10.9
11.1

1,317
542
1,840

441
182
712

351
147
542

525
213
586

224
72
251

302
142
335

20.2
22.0
16.6

10.0
9.9
7.5

1,248
763
1,261

455
257
420

384
253
386

410
253
455

201
112
209

209
141
246

16.0
18.4
17.5

8.0
8.9
9.5

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

6,973

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

2,467
436
490
642
441
272
134
52

2,063
374
368
517
402
247
108
48

2,443
262
359
637
569
368
186
61

1,068
147

3,700
575
677
901
722
491
243
91

1,335
250

1,040
204
184
257

1,325
122
200
330
322
202
109
41

3,272
496
540
895
690
396
186
70

1,132
186
196
328
226
114
62
20

1,023

1,117
140

184
260
217
116
46
29

159
307
247

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

5,048
2,724
2,324

1,868
1,013
855

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,486
727
758

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)

Women, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years
20
25
35
45
55
65

to 24
to 34
to 44
to 54
to 64
years

years
years
years
years
years
and over

1,071
1,217

1,796
1,412
887
428
161

294
314
215
157
72
32

185
131
62
18

171

174

271
228

141
78
30

196
199
133
63
25

11.3
8.4

9.4
11.2

11.0

Race

Marital status

1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current




Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

47

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33.

Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
November 1994

Weeks

Thousands of persons
Occupation and industry
Total

Less
than

5 weeks

15 weeks and over

5 to 14
weeks

15 to 26
weeks

Total

27 weeks
and over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

OCCUPATION

794
1,749
1,355
700
1,519
322

230
578
538
267
585
117

211
557
402
199
425
100

353
613
415
235
510
105

151
287
146
92
235
47

202
326
269
143
275
59

21.1
17.4
17.6
18.5
16.9
15.8

11.5
9.1
7.6
8.1
7.8
8.2

Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

210
593
1,005
491
514
353
1,721
293

Services

1,817
157

88
246
342
170
172
110
615
99
695
28

61
168
295
130
165
95
502
72
540
68

61
179
368
191
176
147
603
123
581
61

12
71
163
84
79
62
258
55
268
18

49
108
205
107
98
86
345
68
313
42

15.9
16.0
18.9
19.9
17.9
20.9
17.8
20.2
16.5
22.2

7.2
7.1
9.2
9.2
9.2
11.0
8.3
11.5
7.9
12.1

486

133

156

197

100

97

20.0

10.7

Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
INDUSTRY1

Public administration
No previous work experience
1

Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.

Includes wage and salary workers only.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current

A-34. Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex
(In thousands)

November 1994
Category

Total not in the labor force
Do not want a job now1
Want a job1
Did not search for work in previous year.
Searched for work in previous year2
Not available to work now
Available to work now
Reason not currently looking:
Discouragement over job prospects3
Reasons other than discouragement
Family responsibilities
In school or training
.:
Ill health or disability

Other4

1

Includes some persons who are not asked if they want a job.
Persons who had a job in the prior 12 months must have searched since
the end of that job.
3
Includes believes no work available, could not find work, lacks necessary
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of
2

48




Sex

Age

Total

16 to 24
years

25 to 54
years

55 years
and over

Men

Women

65,738
60,326
5,411
3,105
2,306
633
1,674

11,513
9,545
1,968
1,059
909
323
587

18,237
15,729
2,507
1,409
1,098
275
823

35,989
35,052
936
637
299
35
264

23,755
21,603
2,151
1,089
1,063
244
818

41,983
38,723
3,260
2,016
1,244
388
855

447
1,226
233
244
125
625

133
454
65
198
18
172

225
598
154
39
83
322

89
175
13
6
23
132

277
542
33
132
66
311

171
685
200
112
58
314

discrimination.
4
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for
such reasons as child care and and transportation problems, as well as a
small number for which reason for non participation was not ascertained.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-35. Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1994
Characteristic

Both sexes

Women

Men
1

Number

Rate1

3,407

5.9
5.4
5.9
7.6
5.7
6.0
4.1
4.8
1.9

1

Number

4,068
99
3,969

5,632
661
562
99

6.0
4.3
6.1
7.3
5.9
6.2
4.3
4.9
2.6

3,119
380
313
66

6.0
3.2
6.2
6.9
6.1
6.4
4.5
5.0
3.2

6,590
656
404

6.2
5.0
3.6

3,576
367
269

6.2
5.7
4.0

3,014

4,275
1,209
1,991

5.8
6.3
6.3

2,630
413

1,646

1,025

6.3
5.3
5.7

2,685
537
174
649

_
_
_

Number

Rate

Rate

AGE
2

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

7,475
257
7,218
925
6,293

471

3,499

158
3,249

455
2,795
2,513

281
249
32

RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White
Black
Hispanic origin

6.2
4.3
3.1

289
136

MARITAL STATUS
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

5.1
6.9
6.9

796
nee

yoo

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
4,384

Primary job full time, secondary job part time
Primary and secondary jobs both part time
Primary and secondary jobs both full time
Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,702
241
1,103

1
Multiple jobholders as a percent of all employed persons in specified
group.
2
Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their
primary job and full time on their secondary jobs(s), not shown separately.

1,700
1,165

67
454

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-36. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Unemployed

Employed

Total

Veteran status
and age

Percent of
labor force

Number
Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

Nov.
1993

Nov.
1994

3.4
3.4
3.3
3.4
3.7
2.9

3.6
3.5
3.5
4.0

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 40 years and over
40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 years and over

7,266
6,395
2,131
2,998
1,266
871

7,479
6,503
1,632
3,253
1,618
976

6,432
5,927
1,992
2,801
1,134
505

6,524
5,950
1,497
2,984
1,470
574

6,143
5,660
1,872
2,702
1,086
483

6,303
5,746
1,447
2,883
1,415
557

289
267
120

221
205
50

99
48
22

101
54
17

4.5
4.2
6.0
3.5
4.2
4.4

15,821
7,007
4,712
4,102

16,650
7,817
4,876
3,957

14,417
6,536
4,299
3,583

15,105
7,287
4,419
3,399

13,786
6,240
4,113
3,433

14,556
7,030
4,264
3,262

631
296
186
150

549
257
155
137

4.4
4.5
4.3
4.2

NONVETERANS
Total, 40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces. Data for 1994
are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For




additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment
and Earnings.

49

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1943 to date
(In thousands)
Goods-producing
Year
and
month

Total

Total
private

Total

Mining

Construction

Service-producing

Manufacturing

Total

Transportation
and
public
utilities

Wholesale
trade

Retail
trade

Finance,
insurance,
Services
and
real
estate

Government

Federal

State

Local

(1)
(1)
(1)

O

Annual averages
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949

42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

925
892
836
862
955
994
930

1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194

17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

22,320
22,536
22,869
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189

3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

1,828
1,851
1,955
2,298
2,478
2,612
2,610

5,154
5,208
5,359
6,077
6,477
6,659
6,654

1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828

4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,239

2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908

1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
19592

45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,855
51,322
53,270

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186

18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,967
19,513
20,411

901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,176
15,945
16,675

26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,264
31,889
31,811
32,857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

2,643
2,735
2,821
2,862
2,875
2,934
3,027
3,037
2,989
3,092

6,743
7,007
7,184
7,385
7,360
7,601
7,831
7,848
7,761
8,035

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,356
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

1,168
1,250
1,328
1,415
1,484

3,558
3,819
4,071
4,230
4,366

1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,763
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384

45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189

20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,158
46,023

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

3,153
3,142
3,207
3,258
3,347
3,477
3,608
3,700
3,791
3,919

8,238
8,195
8,359
8,520
8,812
9,239
9,637
9,906
10,308
10,785

2,628
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378
7,619
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758

1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533

4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

70,880
71,211
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

47,302
48,276
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

4,006
4,014
4,127
4,291
4,447
4,430
4,562
4,723
4,985
5,221

11,034
11,338
11,822
12,315
12,539
12,630
13,193
13,792
14,556
14,972

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975

11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,302
16,252
17,112

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773

2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541

7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

90,406
91,152
89,544
90,152
94,408
97,387
99,344
101,958
105,210
107,895

74,166
75,121
73,707
74,282
78,384
80,992
82,651
84,948
87,824
90,117

25,658
25,497
23,812
23,330
24,718
24,842
24,533
24,674
25,125
25,254

1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
927
111
717
713
692

4,346
4,188
3,904
3,946
4,380
4,668
4,810
4,958
5,098
5,171

20,285
20,170
18,780
18,432
19,372
19,248
18,947
18,999
19,314
19,391

64,748
65,655
65,732
66,821
69,690
72,544
74,811
77,284
80,086
82,642

5,146
5,165
5,081
4,952
5,156
5,233
5,247
5,362
5,514
5,625

5,292
5,375
5,295
5,283
5,568
5,727
5,761
5,848
6,030
6,187

15,018
15,171
15,158
15,587
16,512
17,315
18,422
19,023
19,475

5,160
5,298
5,340
5,466
5,684
5,948
6,273
6,533
6,630
6,668

17,890
18,615
19,021
19,664
20,746
21,927
22,957
24,110
25,504
26,907

2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899
2,943
2,971
2,988

3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,832
3,893
3,967
4,076
4,182

9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,687
9,901
10,100
10,339
10,609

1990
1991
1992
1993

109,419
108,256
108,604
110,525

91,115
89,854
89,959
91,708

24,905
23,745
23,231
23,256

709
689
635
611

5,120
4,650
4,492
4,642

19,076
18,406
18,104
18,003

84,514
84,511
85,373
87,269

5,793
5,762
5,721
5,787

6,173
6,081
5,997
5,958

19,601
19,284
19,356
19,717

6,709
6,646
6,602
6,712

27,934
28,336
29,052
30,278

3,085
2,966
2,969
2,915

4,305
4,355
4,408
4,484

10,914
11,081
11,267
11,417

17^880

V)
O
(11)
()
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
()

()

V)

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
1993:
November
December
1994:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October*
November*5
1

111,366
111,610

92,479
92,692

23,281
23,298

604
618

4,733
4,738

17,944
17,942

88,085
88,312

5,800
5,792

5,971
5,976

19,848
19,931

6,763
6,769

30,816
30,926

2,900
2,915

4,505
4,511

11,482
11,492

111,711
111,919
112,298
112,699
112,951
113,334
113,624
113,914
114,186
114,350
114,700

92,810
93,003
93,357
93,718
93,937
94,316
94,601
94,827
95,035
95,215
95,539

23,328
23,327
23,395
23,506
23,519
23,576
23,590
23,640
23,673
23,716
23,8*36

616
612
609
606
603
605
601
603
605
602
600

4,744
4,745
4,806
4,893
4,907
4,927
4,944
4,942
4,972
4,976
5,047

17,968
17,970
17,980
18,007
18,009
18,044
18,045
18,095
18,096
18,138
18,189

88,383
88,592
88,903
89,193
89,432
89,758
90,034
90,274
90,513
90,634
90,864

5,793
5,803
5,816
5,759
5,843
5,849
5,857
5,866
5,865
5,864
5,879

5,990
6,003
6,013
6,028
6,037
6,049
6,053
6,079
6,095
6,102
6,111

19,924
19,965
20,026
20,137
20,153
20,279
20,386
20,405
20,470
20,512
20,537

6,771
6,776
6,781
6,791
6,787
6,798
6,797
6,801
6,794
6,783
6,791

31,004
31,129
31,326
31,497
31,598
31,765
31,918
32,036
32,138
32,238
32,385

2,893
2,892
2,884
2,882
2,870
2,859
2,859
2,858
2,863
2,864
2,866

4,492
4,511
4,520
4,534
4,533
4,539
4,568
4,585
4,593
4,589
4,595

11,516
11,513
11,537
11,565
11,611
11,620
11,596
11,644
11,695
11,682
11,700

Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonfarm total for the March 1959 benchmark
month.
p
= preliminary.
2




NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1993
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1993) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1990) are subject to revision.

51

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

Construction

Mining
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2
42.4
42.3
43.0

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.46
12.54
12.80
13.26

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
525.81
531.70
541.44
570.18

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4
37.8
37.9
37.9

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.48
12.71
13.08
13.54

367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.46
466.75
480.44
495.73
513.17

44.1
44.4
43.9
44.3

13.68
14.19
14.54
14.60

603.29
630.04
638.31
646.78

38.2
38.1
38.0
38.4

13.77
14.00
14.15
14.37

526.01
533.40
537.70
551.81

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8
34.8
34.7
34.6

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76
8.98
9.28
9.66

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85
312.50
322.02
334.24

1990
1991
1992
1993

34.5
34.3
34.4
34.5

10.01
10.32
10.57
10.83

345.35
353.98
363.61
373.64

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1993:
November.
December.
1994:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October" ...
November"

34.5
34.7

$10.96
10.97

$378.12
380.66

44.7
44.6

$14.43
14.67

$645.02
654.28

38.6
38.3

$14.47
14.46

$558.54
553.82

34.3
34.0
34.4
34.5
34.8
34.8
34.9
34.9
34.7
34.9
34.6

11.06
11.06
11.04
11.07
11.09
11.03
11.04
11.04
11.21
11.26
11.24

379.36
376.04
379.78
381.92
385.93
383.84
385.30
385.30
388.99
392.97
388.90

44.1
43.7
44.0
44.5
44.4
44.8
44.9
45.1
45.4
45.2
44.9

15.06
14.92
14.84
14.96
14.83
14.73
.14.73
14.69
14.93
14.86
14.91

664.15
652.00
652.96
665.72
658.45
659.90
661.38
662.52
677.82
671.67
669.46

37.0
36.1
38.1
38.3
39.7
39.6
39.7
39.7
39.9
39.5
38.5

14.41
14.45
14.44
14.49
14.59
14.57
14.72
14.76
14.94
15.02
14.84

533.17
521.65
550.16
554.97
579.22
576.97
584.38
585.97
596.11
593.29
571.34

See footnotes at end of table.

52




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing
Year and
month

Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime

Weekly
earnings

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2

3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

1980..
1981 ..
1982..
1983..
1984..
1985..
1986..
1987..
1988..
1989..

39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7
41.0
41.1
41.0

7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.54
9.73
9.91
10.19
10.48

7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.34
9.48
9.73
10.02

1990..
1991 ..
1992..
1993..

40.8
40.7
41.0
41.4

10.83
11.18
11.46
11.74

10.37
10.71
10.95
11.18

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964..
1965..
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969..

40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

1970..
1971 ..
1972..
1973..
1974..
1975..
1976..
1977..
1978..
1979..

Wholesale trade

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.60
2.73
2.87
3.04
3.23

$102.56
106.08
111.11
115.66
121.90
129.85

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.4
39.4
39.2
38.8
38.6
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.43
3.64
3.85
4.07
4.38
4.72
5.02
5.39
5.88
6.39

136.86
143.42
151.69
159.54
169.94
182.19
194.27
209.13
228.14
247.93

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01
406.31
418.81
429.68

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.2
38.8
38.9

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70
12.03
12.26
12.60

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64
471.58
475.69
490.14

38.4
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.1
38.1
38.0

6.95
7.55
8.08
8.54
8.88
9.15
9.34
9.59
9.98
10.39

266.88
290.68
309.46
328.79
341.88
351.36
357.72
365.38
380.24
394.82

441.86
455.03
469.86
486.04

38.9
38.7
38.9
39.6

12.97
13.22
13.45
13.63

504.53
511.61
523.21
539.75

38.1
38.1
38.2
38.2

10.79
11.15
11.39
11.73

411.10
424.82
435.10
448.09

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1993:
November.
December.
1994:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October*1 ...
November

42.0
42.4

$11.87
12.00

$11.26
11.36

$498.54
508.80

39.7
39.8

$13.69
13.74

$543.49
546.85

38.2
38.3

$11.80
11.85

$450.76
453.86

41.5
40.9
41.9
42.0
42.0
42.2
41.6
42.0
42.4
42.3
42.5

11.96
12.00
11.99
12.01
12.01
12.03
12.04
12.01
12.14
12.10
12.17

11.38
11.42
11.38
11.39
11.39
11.39
11.42
11.35
11.45
11.43
11.49

496.34
490.80
502.38
504.42
504.42
507.67
500.86
504.42
514.74
511.83
517.23

39.6
39.4
39.5
39.9
40.0
40.1
40.3
40.2
40.1
40.2
39.7

13.83
13.85
13.80
13.78
13.76
13.72
13.84
13.86
13.93
14.04
14.05

547.67
545.69
545.10
549.82
550.40
550.17
557.75
557.17
558.59
564.41
557.79

38.2
37.9
38.1
38.3
38.6
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.4
38.7
38.4

11.95
11.93
11.87
11.99
11.98
11.94
12.00
11.96
12.05
12.15
12.10

456.49
452.15
452.25
459.22
462.43
459.69
460.80
458.07
462.72
470.21
464.64

See footnotes at end of table.




53

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2
29.2
29.1
28.9

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03
6.12
6.31
6.53

147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
176.08
178.70
183.62
188.72

1990
1991
1992
1993

28.8
28.6
28.8
28.8

6.75
6.94
7.12
7.29

194.40
198.48
205.06
209.95

Weekly
earnings

Services
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

108.70

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.3
35.9
35.8

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.36
8.73
9.06
9.53

209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.30
316.90
325.25
341.17

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.6
32.6

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.18
8.49
8.88
9.38

190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.75
265.85
275.93
289.49
305.79

35.8
35.7
35.8
35.8

9.97
10.39
10.82
11.35

356.93
370.92
387.36
406.33

32.5
32.4
32.5
32.5

9.83
10.23
10.54
10.79

319.48
331.45
342.55
350.68

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

101.75

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1993:
November.
December.
1994:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October*1 ...
November"

28.6
29.3

$7.36
7.36

$210.50
215.65

35.7
35.7

$11.57
11.65

$413.05
415.91

32.4
32.4

$10.93
10.98

$354.13
355.75

28.2
28.1
28.5
28.7
28.9
29.3
29.7
29.7
28.9
29.1
28.7

7.45
7.45
7.45
7.47
7.47
7.45
7.44
7.43
7.54
7.57
7.56

210.09
209.35
212.33
214.39
215.88
218.29
220.97
220.67
217.91
220.29
216.97

36.4
35.8
35.6
35.7
36.1
35.5
35.7
35.5
35.4
36.2
35.4

11.79
11.77
11.75
11.81
11.84
11.67
11.72
11.73
11.85
12.00
11.93

429.16
421.37
418.30
421.62
427.42
414.29
418.40
416.42
419.49
434.40
422.32

32.5
32.2
32.3
32.4
32.7
32.5
32.8
32.7
32.4
32.8
32.5

11.06
11.05
11.02
11.01
11.03
10.92
10.92
10.92
11.13
11.22
11.22

359.45
355.81
355.95
356.72
360.68
354.90
358.18
357.08
360.61
368.02
364.65

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.

54




p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1993 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1993 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1993

1994

Industry
Nov.
Total

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

Nov.

111,366 111,610 111,711 111,919 112,298 112,699 112,951 113,334 113,624 113,914 114,186 114,350 114,700

Total private

92,479 92,692 92,810 93,003 93,357 93,718 93,937 94,316 94,601 94,827 95,035 95,215 95,539

Goods-producing

23,281 23,298 23,328 23,327 23,395 23,506 23,519 23,576 23,590 23,640 23,673 23,716 23,836

1

Mining
Metal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors
Manufacturing

604
50
355
101

618
51
351
101

616
50
349
102

612
50
346
101

609
50
344
100

606
50
342
100

603
50
338
101

605
50
339
101

601
51
335
101

603
52
336
101

605
51
341
101

602
51
337
101

600
52
334
101

4,733
1,133
712
2,888

4,738
1,138
710
2,890

4,744
1,139
713
2,892

4,745
1,134
709
2,902

4,806
1,152
710
2,944

4,893
1,163
725
3,005

4,907
1,161
723
3,023

4,927
1,165
725
3,037

4,944
1,161
733
3,050

4,942
1,166
725
3,051

4,972
1,172
727
3,073

4,976
1,181
715
3,080

5,047
1,199
725
3,123

17,944 17,942 17,968 17,970 17,980 18,007 18,009 18,044 18,045 18,095 18,096 18,138 18,189

Durable goods
10,142 10,153 10,182 10,182 10,190 10,216 10,217 10,253 10,249 10,290 10,306 10,336 10,376
742
Lumber and wood products
735
737
712
734
726
726
732
716
723
723
723
730
500
496
497
Furniture and fixtures
487
496
493
495
500
489
492
492
493
496
536
531
534
Stone, clay, and glass products
517
531
529
528
530
518
521
521
523
529
699
690
695
Primary metal industries
678
686
678
679
686
678
679
680
680
684
Blast furnaces and basic steel
234
products
235
232
233
238
237
234
234
238
236
235
231
230
Fabricated metal products
1,335 1,338 1,345 1,345 1,348 1,353 1,357 1,365 1,368 1,373 1,373 1,381 1,387
Industrial machinery and equipment...
1,916 1,918 1,922 1,925 1,927 1,938 1,940 1,947 1,942 1,952 1,956 1,958 1,965
Electronic and other electrical
1,567 1,567 1,574
equipment
1,521
1,524 1,524 1,528 1,535 1,542 1,540 1,550 1,551
1,561
1,740 1,744
Transportation equipment
1,725 1,724 1,730 1,726 1,723 1,719
1,718 1,724 1,712 1,727 1,731
908
912
843
853
874
870
875
893
898
Motor vehicles and equipment
868
867
868
876
467
515
507
502
486
475
472
464
496
491
484
480
468
Aircraft and parts
845
877
873
871
861
849
850
868
864
858
853
847
848
Instruments and related products
382
374
375
375
377
379
380
374
374
376
375
382
379
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products....
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger
transit
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services ....

7,802
1,675
42
671
966
685
1,515
1,071
151
909
117

7,789
1,671
42
671
959
685
1,514
1,070
149
911
117

7,786
1,667
41
672
956
686
1,517
1,065
148
917
117

7,788
1,672
40
673
954
685
1,518
1,062
148
920
116

7,790
1,670
41
674
956
684
1,521
1,059
147
922
116

7,791
1,667
41
673
955
684
1,523
1,057
148
927
116

7,792
1,665
40
671
958
684
1,524
1,056
148
931
115

7,791
1,666
39
671
957
683
1,528
1,054
147
932
114

7,796
1,668
38
672
954
684
1,531
1,053
147
935
114

7,805
1,666
40
672
958
683
1,535
1,050
149
938
114

7,790
1,661
38
669
957
680
1,533
1,049
149
941
113

7,802
1,660
39
671
955
684
1,537
1,048
149
946
113

7,813
1,670
39
674
947
685
1,537
1,048
148
952
113

88,085 88,312 88,383 88,592 88,903 89,193 89,432 89,758 90,034 90,274 90,513 90,634 90,864
5,800
3,613
247

5,792
3,611
248

5,793
3,611
247

5,803
3,622
248

5,816
3,638
248

5,759
3,582
246

5,843
3,664
243

5,849
3,677
246

5,857
3,687
245

5,866
3,691
241

5,865
3,694
245

5,864
3,691
246

5,879
3,709
245

374
1,715
166
735
18
358
2,187
1,250
937

376
1,704
165
741
18
359
2,181
1,246
935

377
1,705
165
739
18
360
2,182
1,249
933

380
1,711
166
739
18
360
2,181
1,249
932

382
1,721
168
739
18
362
2,178
1,248
930

386
1,665
166
738
18
363
2,177
1,250
927

383
1,753
169
733
18
365
2,179
1,254
925

389
1,764
166
729
18
365
2,172
1,253
919

391
1,768
169
728
17
369
2,170
1,254
916

397
1,772
165
729
18
369
2,175
1,261
914

390
1,775
167
729
18
370
2,171
1,257
914

389
1,771
167
729
18
371
2,173
1,260
913

392
1,784
167
730
18
373
2,170
1,259
911

See footnotes at end of table.




55

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994

1993
Industry

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service
stations
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores..
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions
Nondepository institutions
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices .
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and
service
Real estate

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

5,971
3,413
2,558

5,976
3,419
2,557

5,990
3,424
2,566

6,003
3,430
2,573

6,013
3,434
2,579

6,028
3,445
2,583

6,037
3,449
2,588

June
6,049
3,457
2,592

July

Aug.

6,053
3,461
2,592

6,079
3,471
2,608

Sept.
6,095
3,476
2,619

Oct.p
6,102
3,484
2,618

Nov.p
6,111
3,490
2,621

19,848 19,931 19,924 19,965 20,026 20,137 20,153 20,279 20,386 20,405 20,470 20,512 20,537
861
852
844
848
798
842
803
833
838
808
812
818
829
2,499 2,495
2,484
2,457
2,476
2,451
2,438
2,443
2,446
2,421
2,433
2,432
2,442
3,210 3,214
3,215 3,223 3,232 3,229 3,240 3,234 3,247 3,254 3,248 3,249 3,261
2,060
1,144
849
6,869
2,467

2,074
1,154
852
6,917
2,471

2,084
1,146
855
6,928
2,467

2,101
1,148
862
6,915
2,471

2,117
1,154
866
6,928
2,479

2,132
1,146
876
6,995
2,488

2,139
1,144
879
6,993
2,487

2,143
1,145
885
7,084
2,507

2,145
1,149
897
7,129
2,520

2,159
1,148
905
7,105
2,514

2,171
1,154
914
7,111
2,540

2,180
1,157
924
7,117
2,534

2,194
1,146
929
7,130
2,521

6,763
3,245
2,068
467
483
227
2,192
1,530

6,769
3,250
2,064
472
486
228
2,190
1,527

6,771
3,252
2,057
All
489
229
2,187
1,525

6,776
3,254
2,050
483
492
229
2,186
1,525

6,781
3,256
2,044
486
496
230
2,185
1,524

6,791
3,259
2,042
487
499
231
2,189
1,527

6,787
3,257
2,039
486
501
231
2,185
1,522

6,798
3,263
2,041
484
505
233
2,184
1,521

6,797
3,261
2,042
480
506
233
2,182
1,517

6,801
3,259
2,040
476
508
235
2,180
1,515

6,794
3,251
2,036
472
508
235
2,178
1,512

6,783
3,244
2,036
466
507
235
2,176
1,509

6,791
3,247
2,035
463
511
238
2,172
1,504

662
1,326

663
1,329

662
1,332

661
1,336

661
1,340

662
1,343

663
1,345

663
1,351

665
1,354

665
1,362

666
1,365

667
1,363

668
1,372

Services1
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Personnel supply services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services ....
Health services
Hospitals
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Museums and botanical and zoological
gardens
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services

30,816 30,926 31,004 31,129 31,326 31,497 31,598 31,765 31,918 32,036 32,138 32,238 32,385
568
565
554
559
561
551
548
533
538
530
528
537
539
1,582
1,609
1,593
1,627
1,619
1,626
1,609
1,599
1,599
1,602
1,599
1,608
1,608
1,137
1,135
1,138
1,134
1,139
1,137
1,133
1,129
1,140
1,149
1,143
1,138
1,137
6,488 6,538 6,593 6,628 6,721
6,244 6,318 6,341
6,416
6,016
6,062 6,092 6,161
2,496
2,427
2,418
2,334
2,375 2,388
2,066
2,103 2,130
2,173 2,230 2,282 2,286
1,082
1,074
1,065
1,041
1,045
1,058
975
1,017
1,029
986
992
1,002
1,026
386
383
382
380
381
382
368
377
379
370
373
375
375
520
515
502
474
482
493
472
425
432
435
443
450
465
1,268
1,254
1,271
1,287
1,278
1,266
1,250
1,254
1,271
1,282
1,251
1,252
1,275
9,121
9,025 9,043 9,076 9,084 9,110
8,873 8,890 8,909 8,922 8,959 8,985
3,791
3,790
3,794 3,794 3,787 3,787 3,790 3,791
3,789 3,787 3,788 3,787 3,791
946
949
942
946
938
941
934
937
941
942
935
939
940
1,769
1,763
1,741
1,747
1,747
1,761
1,744
1,707
1,733
1,708
1,710
1,720
1,730
2,320
2,267
2,285 2,296 2,301
2,242
2,205 2,224
2,139 2,154 2,162 2,175 2,190

Government
Federal
State
Education
Other State government
Local
Education
Other local government

18,887 18,918 18,901 18,916 18,941 18,981 19,014 19,018 19,023 19,087 19,151 19,135 19,161
2,864 2,866
2,858
2,863
2,870
2,859
2,859
2,884
2,882
2,900
2,893
2,892
2,915
4,589 4,595
4,585
4,593
4,505
4,492 4,511 4,520 4,534 4,533 4,539 4,568
4,511
1,884
1,886
1,846
1,850
1,886
1,890
1,849
1,850
1,876
1,841
1,824
1,838
1,841
2,674
2,684
2,705 2,709
2,699
2,703
2,684
2,689
2,692
2,664
2,668
2,673
2,670
11,482 11,492 11,516 11,513 11,537 11,565 11,611 11,620 11,596 11,644 11,695 11,682 11,700
6,478 6,536 6,547 6,534 6,535
6,436 6,445 6,461
6,382 6,390 6,404 6,392 6,410
5,148
5,165
5,108
5,148
5,166
5,159
5,118
5,127
5,129
5,100
5,121
5,102 5,112

1

77
2,040
2,567

77
2,040
2,567

77
2,042
2,560

78
2,041
2,575

Includes other industries, not shown separately.
=•- preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from

p

56




78
2,044
2,580

79
2,047
2,590

79
2,051
2,597

79
2,055
2,603

80
2,056
2,620

80
2,056
2,621

79
2,062
2,632

79
2,063
2,635

79
2,063
2,647

March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1993

1994

Industry
Sept.
Total
Total private

Oct.

Nov.

Jan.

Dec

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

53,665 53,747 53,843 53,969 53,981 54,097 54,246 54,477 54,653 54,808 54,887 55,066 55,205
43,442 43,525 43,616 43,713 43,730 43,828 43,959 44,160 44,280 44,464 44,573 44,689 44,788
6,485

6,485

6,482

6,480

6,475

6,482

6,490

6,506

6,515

6,530

6,527

6,558

6,561

88

88

88

89

87

86

87

86

86

86

85

86

86

521

523

524

525

526

528

532

539

539

543

544

547

553

5,876

5,874

5,870

5,866

5,862

5,868

5,871

5,881

5,890

5,901

5,898

5,925

5,922

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,680
114
147
103
91
292
414
640
349
360
170

2,681
115
147
103
92
293
413
641
348
359
170

2,681
116
148
102
92
294
413
642
347
358
169

2,683
117
149
102
92
294
413
643
348
356
169

2,685
117
149
103
93
296
413
642
348
355
169

2,688
118
150
103
93
296
414
644
349
354
167

2,691
117
150
103
94
297
416
645
349
353
167

2,700
119
150
104
93
298
418
649
348
352
169

2,705
119
151
103
95
299
420
649
348
352
169

2,713
120
152
102
95
301
424
652
349
350
168

2,708
121
154
103
95
301
421
650
343
349
171

2,728
122
153
103
96
303
426
656
351
347
171

2,731
122
154
103
97
303
426
657
351
347
171

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,196
536
14
320
754
167
672
337
24
307
65

3,193
542
14
320
747
166
672
337
24
306
65

3,189
542
14
318
743
167
672
336
24
308
65

3,183
540
14
318
737
167
673
337
24
308
65

3,177
538
13
319
733
167
673
335
24
310
65

3,180
541
13
319
732
166
674
334
24
312
65

3,180
543
13
319
732
165
676
332
24
312
64

3,181
541
13
318
732
165
677
332
24
315
64

3,185
541
13
317
733
164
678
334
25
316
64

3,188
542
12
317
732
165
682
333
24
317
64

3,190
544
12
317
729
165
683
333
25
318
64

3,197
544
13
318
732
164
686
332
25
320
63

3,191
538
12
316
732
164
685
331
26
323
64

Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

47,180 47,262 47,361 47,489 47,506 47,615 47,756 47,971 48,138 48,278 48,360 48,508 48,644

Transportation and public utilities

1,696

1,701

1,705

1,701

1,697

1,698

1,700

1,699

1,709

1,708

1,713

1,720

1,718

Wholesale trade

1,818

1,822

1,824

1,825

1,831

1,834

1,839

1,846

1,850

1,852

1,853

1,862

1,870

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

10,473 10,476 10,484 10,512 10,513 10,533 10,554 10,601 10,635 10,691 10,755 10,766 10,797
4,264

4,268

4,278

4,285

4,281

4,284

4,288

4,293

4,291

4,299

4,295

4,291

4,280

Services

18,706 18,773 18,843 18,910 18,933 18,997 19,088 19,215 19,280 19,384 19,430 19,492 19,562

Government
Federal
State
Local

10,223 10,222 10,227 10,256 10,251 10,269 10,287 10,317 10,373 10,344 10,314 10,377 10,417
1,206 1,205 1,204 1,210 1,203 1,205 1,203 1,203 1,198 1,192 1,190 1,193 1,196
2,257 2,255 2,255 2,259 2,246 2,259 2,267 2,273 2,277 2,258 2,282 2,289 2,299
6,760 6,762 6,768 6,787 6,802 6,805 6,817 6,841 6,898 6,894 6,842 6,895 6,922

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,




all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are subject to revision.

57

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally
adjusted
(In thousands)

1993

1994

Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

Nov.1

Total private

75,323 75,496 75,588 75,783 76,129 76,487 76,690 77,028 77,233 77,439 77,625 77,777 78,005

Goods-producing

16,356 16,385 16,408 16,430 16,507 16,615 16,615 16,674 16,689 16,729 16,759 16,804 16,893

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

426

438

433

432

430

428

427

431

430

433

434

435

431

3,645

3,655

3,655

3,657

3,719

3,796

3,796

3,814

3,828

3,818

3,840

3,845

3,904

12,285 12,292 12,320 12,341 12,358 12,391 12,392 12,429 12,431 12,478 12,485 12,524 12,558

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

6,822
588
386
399
518
181
989
1,169
974
1,104
645
428
267

6,843
591
388
400
518
181
993
1,174
979
1,106
653
426
268

6,869
597
389
402
519
181
998
1,179
976
1,117
670
425
267

6,881
597
389
402
521
180
1,000
1,185
980
1,116
669
425
266

6,892
597
391
404
521
179
1,004
1,187
982
1,115
667
424
267

6,924
600
390
409
520
175
1,009
1,197
991
1,117
672
423
268

6,930
601
392
408
521
175
1,012
1,200
990
1,118
669
421
267

6,966
603
393
409
526
177
1,020
1,207
998
1,124
677
418
268

6,969
604
395
410
528
178
1,021
1,209
997
1,117
675
417
271

7,007
606
394
410
529
177
1,026
1,216
1,007
1,132
693
415
272

7,021
606
394
409
533
178
1,026
1,221
1,012
1,136
697
415
269

7,053
608
394
411
538
179
1,035
1,226
1,011
1,146
706
413
271

7,075
612
396
413
540
179
1,030
1,230
1,018
1,152
707
413
271

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

5,463
1,227
32
571
810
517
835
577
98
703
93

5,449
1,224
31
570
803
517
833
577
96
705
93

5,451
1,221
31
572
800
518
835
575
96
710
93

5,460
1,226
30
573
799
518
836
575
95
715
93

5,466
1,229
31
574
801
517
837
573
95
717
92

5,467
1,224
31
572
801
518
838
574
96
720
93

5,462
1,222
31
571
801
518
835
573
96
724
91

5,463
1,219
30
571
800
518
839
574
96
725
91

5,462
1,221
29
569
797
518
841
573
96
728
90

5,471
1,221
31
570
800
518
843
570
97
730
91

5,464
1,217
30
567
800
516
842
573
96
733
90

5,471
1,214
30
569
800
519
843
574
96
737
89

5,483
1,224
30
571
793
521
841
576
95
742
90

Service-producing

58,967 59,111 59,180 59,353 59,622 59,872 60,075 60,354 60,544 60,710 60,866 60,973 61,112

Transportation and public utilities

4,856

4,841

4,845

4,855

4,870

4,816

4,897

4,899

4,899

4,902

4,906

4,906

4,919

Wholesale trade

4,817

4,824

4,832

4,842

4,853

4,864

4,867

4,883

4,882

4,911

4,921

4,923

4,931

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

Services

17,460 17,512 17,527 17,565 17,632 17,714 17,737 17,836 17,933 17,947 17,996 18,037 18,030
4,927

4,932

4,932




4,943

4,949

4,945

4,955

4,952

4,953

4,946

4,933

4,940

26,907 27,002 27,044 27,155 27,324 27,529 27,629 27,781 27,878 27,997 28,097 28,174 28,292

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.

58

4,936

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
DIFFUSION INDEXES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Sept.

Aug.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1

Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries
Over 1-month span:
1990
1991 ..
1992
1993
1994

58.8
39.6
42.1
57.9
56.6

57.3
39.6
46.1
61.7
58.3

50.8
38.5
48.3
49.0
62.9

47.9
38.2
57.7
56.0
62.5

49.7
48.5
53.1
57.0
56.3

51.8
45.4
50.4
51.1
63.2

43.8
48.3
52.8
58.8
59.3

46.2
52.0
46.5
50.0
59.8

42.7
48.9
53.4
56.7
56.9

41.6
46.8
56.9
57.4
P58.0

41.3
46.5
52.5
61.0
P60.7

41.3
46.1
57.3
57.4

Over 3-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994

59.0
34.3
39.7
64.0
62.1

59.1
32.0
42.3
61.4
64.5

52.5
31.6
51.0
59.7
65.2

48.9
38.2
56.2
55.8
65.0

49.0
39.3
57.6
54.9
65.4

47.3
44.2
54.1
57.7
64.6

45.9
49.4
50.4
54.6
66.7

40.6
50.7
49.9
55.9
64.0

38.3
50.8
51.7
55.8
P63.8

36.2
44.9
56.2
62.4
P63.9

35.7
43.7
58.6
61.5

35.4
40.9
59.8
60.8

Over 6-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994

57.2
30.2
43.5
61.4
67.0

54.9
32.4
46.3
60.8
65.9

55.8
31.2
47.2
59.0
68.8

50.4
33.7
52.0
59.8
66.0

46.8
39.2
54.2
54.4
67.8

44.0
44.7
56.6
54.5
66.3

41.3
46.5
52.8
57.9
P68.0

38.9
45.6
53.1
58.8
P69.0

35.8
47.8
55.8
59.7

33.6
44.5
56.3
60.8

32.0
41.4
64.2
62.8

30.2
39.9
62.2
63.6

Over 12-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994

55.5
31.0
47.2
60.0
64.2

52.7
31.0
42.3
61.1
65.7

51.7
31.7
42.7
60.7
66.0

48.5
31.9
44.1
62.2
P66.2

45.4
31.7
48.0
63.2
"66.7

42.6
33.8
52.5
62.1

39.3
35.8
55.8
62.4

36.1
37.5
60.7
60.8

35.8
40.0
59.7
63.5

33.0
45.2
60.4
62.8

33.0
45.6
60.1
63.1

30.6
45.4
60.7
63.5

Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994

48.9
32.7
38.1
52.5
54.3

47.5
35.6
40.6
57.6
53.6

43.9
31.3
45.0
47.8
51.1

46.8
37.4
57.9
41.7
56.1

40.3
45.7
47.8
46.0
50.0

46.8
43.5
50.0
40.3
58.6

38.8
46.4
53.2
49.3
52.9

42.4
49.3
41.7
42.8
56.8

35.6
42.8
49.3
46.8
48.9

38.5
47.8
47.8
50.0
P59.7

29.1
41.4
52.5
55.4
P61.5

34.2
39.6
51.8
51.1

Over 3-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994

44.6
24.5
30.9
60.1
56.1

45.3
21.9
36.3
58.3
57.6

45.0
20.5
45.3
51.4
56.5

38.8
32.7
50.7
40.6
53.2

41.7
36.3
55.4
37.1
57.2

38.8
39.6
53.6
43.5
55.8

38.1
47.1
47.1
40.3
61.5

28.8
46.0
47.1
41.0
55.0

30.9
48.2
42.4
43.2
P59.4

23.0
39.9
50.0
52.9
P61.9

23.0
36.7
51.1
54.7

21.6
33.5
55.0
56.1

Over 6-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994

43.5
15.8
34.2
54.0
58.3

39.9
20.9
37.1
51.8
56.1

42.8
21.2
41.0
48.6
59.4

41.0
26.3
48.6
47.1
54.3

36.3
34.9
52.2
37.1
58.3

34.2
39.2
54.7
34.2
56.8

29.1
42.1
46.4
39.6
P60.4

25.2
40.3
49.3
45.7
P64.0

22.3
40.3
50.4
47.8

21.2
37.1
48.9
50.4

18.0
32.4
57.9
54.3

16.9
32.7
56.8
55.8

Over 12-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994

37.8
16.5
42.4
50.0
50.7

35.3
16.2
36.7
52.5
54.3

33.5
17.3
36.3
48.6
54.0

33.1
18.0
36.0
49.3
P57.2

28.1
20.9
39.6
50.7
P59.4

26.3
24.1
45.7
48.9

23.7
26.3
50.0
50.0

20.5
30.6
55.8
48.9

19.4
32.7
57.9
50.0

16.5
38.1
55.4
50.7

16.2
38.8
52.9
51.4

15.8
37.4
52.9
51.4

1
Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and
unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus
one half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent




indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment. Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data (beginning April 1993) and all seasonally
adjusted data (beginning January 1990) are subject to revision.

59

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1993

1994

State
Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.
Total

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

1,722.3
254.3
1,587.5
995.9
11,953.1
1,680.9
1,528.5

349.6
670.0
5,628.6
3,155.5
539.6
445.1
5,354.2

2,599.1
1,287.1
1,146.6
1,540.0
1,644.4

521.9
2,109.1

1,721.6
254.1
1,591.6
997.7
11,943.7
1,683.6
1,525.1
350.3
668.1
5,644.9
3,163.3

1,722.2
255.4
1,593.7
996.1
11,940.3
1,690.5
1,522.6
350.8
667.0
5,668.3
3,170.9

1,722.7
255.0
1,597.7
1,000.3
11,947.6
1,692.5
1,532.2
350.0
665.8
5,657.8
3,176.8

1,726.4
258.2
1,604.6
1,003.0
11,957.5
1,700.2
1,530.4
349.6
665.0
5,685.3
3,201.2

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.?

1

1,734.7
256.7
1,623.9
1,006.4
11,955.2
1,706.3
1,530.2
354.5
663.5
5,730.5
3,224.1

1,732.5
256.0
1,626.8
1,012.2
11,953.2
1,707.1
1,533.6
356.9
663.4
5,738.9
3,233.4

1,742.0
257.3
1,638.4
1,016.1
11,946.4
1,712.8
1,530.7
358.9
661.3
5,760.3
3,248.5

1,727.9
257.1
1,645.5
1,023.7
11,960.1
1,722.5
1,534.3
356.5
663.3
5,776.6
3,244.2

1,732.9
258.7
1,653.4
1,030.0
11,968.8
1,724.6
1,535.4
360.5
662.6
5,793.0
3,261.9

1,740.8
259.2
1,661.2
1,031.7
11,956.8
1,727.5
1,536.2
360.0
664.7
5,830.3
3,278.9

1,743.6
257.9
1,659.8
1,036.1
11,946.5

533.0
456.6
5,375.2
2,634.2
1,297.7
1,153.1
1,547.2
1,663.5
520.8
2,106.3

533.3
458.9
5,376.8
2,635.9
1,303.3
1,147.1
1,550.5
1,673.8
524.0
2,115.6

530.0
460.3
5,397.8
2,634.5
1,307.8
1,156.0
1,552.8
1,680.1
527.7
2,116.6

532.1
461.4
5,408.4
2,633.0
1,315.3
1,165.9
1,559.9
1,684.0
527.2
2,115.9

530.9
463.4
5,411.6
2,637.5
1,311.2
1,158.2
1,565.5
1,685.3
530.2
2,113.6

531.2
463.5
5,418.5
2,638.0
1,312.4
1,161.4
1,569.1
1,695.4
530.4
2,115.3

533.4
464.0
5,423.3
2,651.3
1,314.1
1,163.6
1,582.7
1,706.8
529.4
2,123.0

533.2
464.0
5,435.9
2,669.3
1,314.9
1,165.7
1,589.3

1,730.2
258.3
1,615.6
1,005.8
11,955.2
1,701.6
1,525.8
350.6
664.2
5,701.5
3,214.0

1,732.4

1,538.9
358.8

667.9
5,836.0
3,288.6

537.3
447.5
5,359.3
2,609.0
1,291.5
1,146.2
1,542.3
1,645.8
522.2
2,108.6

536.5
448.4
5,374.0
2,612.2
1,293.4
1,149.7
1,539.6
1,647.9
521.6
2,111.0

534.0
451.2
5,352.0
2,613.5
1,293.1
1,150.5
1,529.2
1,642.1
517.7
2,111.4

533.4
453.1
5,372.9
2,616.0
1,293.8
1,150.6
1,539.2
1,651.9
520.9
2,102.8

2,868.4
4,014.7
2,272.7
1,009.9
2,430.9
331.0
768.9
696.5
504.6
3,516.9

2,891.7
4,028.4
2,283.3
1,013.6
2,421.8
331.2
770.2
697.9
508.8
3,521.3

2,892.4
4,044.0
2,288.7
1,016.4
2,430.9
332.0
766.9
702.9
512.5
3,510.6

2,897.7
4,067.2
2,293.0
1,023.0
2,436.8
332.3
767.0
706.1
514.3
3,519.0

2,917.2
4,076.6
2,298.8
1,025.0
2,456.3
331.4
769.2
709.5
514.0
3,539.5

2,922.2
4,084.1
2,296.3
1,030.4
2,463.8
333.5
772.4
711.1
512.2
3,546.7

2,927.0
4,101.7
2,301.5
1,035.9
2,471.8
334.2
774.0
709.8
513.3
3,552.3

2,934.7
4,099.0
2,301.5
1,040.7
2,474.7
335.2
782.7
711.3
518.0
3,558.8

2,942.2
4,107.8
2,304.1
1,046.2
2,479.5
338.6
785.9
715.1
514.0
3,565.1

2,942.4
4,128.3
2,307.4
1,033.6
2,483.1
337.9
784.9
718.2
515.2
3,564.0

2,941.4
4,142.1
2,314.5
1,031.8
2,490.9
338.2

1,714.7
530.5

2,125.6

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

2,869.8
3,991.1
2,256.0
1,008.7
2,419.3
330.2
768.4
3,510.0

2,870.2
4,007.6
2,266.3
1,010.1
2,422.4
329.7
767.7
688.6
504.0
3,512.1

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

630.3
7,748.4
3,279.0
286.9
4,920.6
1,240.6
1,323.1
5,119.9
431.6
1,579.3

630.8
7,759.7
3,287.0
287.1
4,917.5
1,241.6
1,327.7
5,126.6
431.6
1,581.6

631.4
7,764.7
3,294.4
287.6
4,923.9
1,241.3
1,329.3
5,138.4
432.0
1,583.8

638.8
7,775.7
3,293.5
287.4
4,929.7
1,249.0
1,331.2
5,109.8
430.7
1,589.8

639.8
7,779.1
3,295.9
288.8
4,940.7
1,247.6
1,332.4
5,114.6
430.6
1,593.1

641.8
7,793.5
3,317.3
291.1
4,942.1
1,247.9
1,336.5
5,134.5
430.5
1,591.7

649.7
7,796.4
3,319.3
291.2
4,940.5
1,256.1
1,338.6
5,149.2
432.3
1,591.8

651.6
7,812.4
3,328.6
291.2
4,950.5
1,259.4
1,343.9
5,171.3
434.4
1,593.7

656.1
7,812.7
3,335.7
290.9
4,953.5
1,264.6
1,347.7
5,183.8
438.4
1,595.6

657.9
7,839.5
3,334.6
292.3
4,951.9
1,268.0
1,352.7
5,172.2
436.3
1,596.3

659.2
7,836.4
3,345.9
294.3
4,954.9
1,265.6
1,358.6
5,180.7
438.4
1,594.5

659.5
7,831.1
3,348.7
294.4
4,963.1
1,274.2
1,361.9
5,194.0
436.0
1,595.6

662.0
7,832.4
3,356.6
294.6
4,977.4
1,271.4
1,368.7
5,200.0
434.6
1,594.2

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

318.0
2,353.4
7,561.9
818.6
257.9
2,945.1
2,264.2

318.5
2,358.0
7,578.1
825.0
257.8
2,952.9
2,268.2
659.5
2,429.4
211.2

318.6
2,365.5
7,594.4
831.7
256.8
2,960.2
2,269.1
666.9
2,431.4
212.3

323.2
2,362.1
7,569.3
839.9
256.4
2,959.4
2,270.1
663.2
2,429.3
213.3

324.4
2,370.6
7,601.9
842.9
258.4
2,968.1
2,275.1
665.1
2,431.0
213.3

325.5
2,372.1
7,622.9
847.1
258.9
2,988.2
2,277.7
665.6
2,441.8
212.0

326.4
2,377.3
7,660.2
848.7
260.4
2,995.7
2,275.4
667.7
2,443.6
212.0

327.4
2,387.6
7,675.6
850.5
258.8
3,001.8
2,281.1
677.4
2,445.8
211.9

330.1
2,393.0
7,705.5
854.5
259.1
3,004.3
2,293.2
671.0
2,459.1
212.4

331.6
2,394.6
7,744.6
859.1
258.4
3,013.6
2,293.7
671.3
2,470.1
211.8

332.2
2,395.1
7,777.2
864.2
257.9
3,016.3
2,297.2
676.0
2,470.0
213.2

332.3
2,398.5
7,788.0
868.8
259.8
3,024.7
2,298.2
678.9
2,473.2
213.6

334.0
2,406.3
7,789.5
873.0
260.2
3,035.1
2,302.1
680.7
2,477.1
213.0

See footnotes at end of table.

60




683.7
504.4

657.8
2,423.4

211.1

786.9

718.1
515.5
3,572.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)

1994

State
Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

July

May

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.?

Construction
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

79.3
11.8

78.6
11.9
95.4
37.1
447.1
86.7
47.3
18.3
8.6
294.2
133.0

78.9
12.4
98.1
37.8
446.4
87.0
47.9
17.9
8.2
295.1
135.7

782
13.1
101.0
38.5
450.3
85.0
49.1
17.4
8.1
295.2
132.8

78.4
13.0
101.9
39.4
451.6
84.3
47.9
17.3
8.4
296.5
136.2

79.4
12.9
103.2
38.8
452.4
83.6
46.9
17.7
8.3
300.1
138.1

79.9
13.0
102.8
39.6
451.9
83.4
46.2
18.3
8.5
300.5
138.0

80.5
12.5
103.5
40.2
452.2
84.6
45.9
19.1
8.8
300.1
138.5

80.4
12.5
103.0
40.2
453.6
85.2
46.8
19.1
8.8
304.0
134.7

80.0
12.7
104.0
40.6
452.4
85.9
45.8
18.9
8.7
304.9
139.5

80.7
12.5
104.1
41.4
453.8
86.6
46.3
19.0
8.9
307.0
142.2

79.1
12.6
105.5
42.2
455.1

29.5
28.9
206.3
124.2
49.3
52.4
71.2

131.5

78.4
11.7
94.0
37.2
446.9
85.3
46.3
18.3
8.5
292.1
131.7

Hawaii2
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

32.0
25.5
200.8
119.7
49.6
49.3
70.9
98.6
21.1
120.4

31.7
25.8
200.0
120.4
51.1
49.2
70.9
98.5
21.4
121.0

31.0
25.7
201.7
119.7
50.5
48.9
70.5
98.1
21.7
121.6

30.7
27.3
196.2
116.8
49.4
48.5
66.3
96.9
21.5
118.9

30.3
27.2
197.1
118.2
49.3
47.0
67.2
98.7
21.6
117.8

29.7
28.0
201.1
122.3
50.4
47.9
69.1
101.4
21.5
117.3

30.0
27.7
199.1
121.6
50.7
48.5
70.2
102.6
21.5
118.0

29.3
28.5
202.3
123.6
51.2
49.4
70.9
103.9
22.1
118.0

28.9
29.0
202.8
121.9
50.3
50.7
69.3
105.6
21.5
119.2

29.0
29.4
202.0
123.5
49.8
52.4
70.2
104.9
21.6
119.7

29.6
29.2
203.0
123.4
49.5
52.2
69.8
105.0
21.9
120.3

29.7
29.3
205.0
124.7
49.6
52.2
70.8
107.1
22.1
121.3

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

84.8
134.2
80.5
42.1
97.9
14.3
32.5
47.6
17.0
116.0

84.6
134.6
81.3
41.6
98.4
14.2
32.5
47.2
17.2
116.4

85.2
133.9
81.8
41.7
99.7
14.2
32.6
47.1
17.6
118.2

86.0
132.7
82.2
41.1
99.4
14.6
32.5
48.1
18.1
116.4

85.2
134.2
82.4
39.8
100.9
14.4
31.0
48.0
18.3
114.5

84.3
138.2
82.6
40.7
101.0
14.1
31.8
48.8
18.3
116.3

88.5
137.0
82.1
41.5
102.9
14.0
32.3
48.7
18.0
120.6

89.0
136.8
81.9
42.5
104.8
14.3
33.2
48.4
17.6
121.8

88.3
138.8
81.3
41.9
105.5
14.5
33.4
48.4
17.1
122.3

86.9
142.3
80.5
41.4
107.4
14.8
32.9
49.4
17.1
123.7

87.1
139.7
80.4
41.9
107.6
14.7
32.9
49.3
16.6
123.8

86.5
142.1
80.4
40.6
108.6
14.8
33.2
48.7
17.0
122.5

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

37.3
240.6
156.2

37.6
240.0
156.5
12.0
185.1
42.4
57.1
198.8
11.8
82.0

38.2
240.3
157.4
12.2
185.5
42.3
56.1
200.3
11.2
81.8

38.4
244.0
159.0
12.4
183.1
43.6
57.9
194.7
10.7
81.9

37.8
242.4
158.1
12.5
184.1
42.5
56.6
194.8
10.4
81.4

38.3
244.1
160.6
13.3
182.9
41.9
57.9
194.7
10.3
81.9

39.0
245.8
161.5
13.5
182.8
43.1
57.6
200.9
10.6
83.0

39.6
244.9
163.0
12.9
183.5
43.8
59.2
202.1
11.6
82.5

40.7
248.0
164.1
13.0
183.5
45.4
60.6
203.3
12.5
81.6

41.7
251.0
163.9
13.0
182.4
46.2
60.8
202.8
13.1
82.1

42.3
252.3
164.0
12.9
181.9
47.2
61.8
203.1
12.4
81.3

42.5
255.0
164.8
12.7
182.6
47.8
63.7
202.1
11.6
81.5

42.8
258.2

13.1
97.6
355.3
41.9
11.3
155.8
121.3
34.3
95.9
12.5

13.2
98.2
356.5
43.1
11.1
156.5
120.9
33.9
95.2
12.6

13.1
97.1
358.5
43.6
10.9
156.6
122.0
31.8
92.4
12.6

13.3
96.1
361.1
44.5
11.0
156.0
121.8
32.2
91.0
12.5

13.8
95.9
364.8
45.3
10.8
158.2
123.0
32.9
93.9
12.7

13.9
95.7
366.0
46.1
10.8
159.1
121.9
33.8
96.8
12.8

14.0
96.8
365.9
46.8
11.0
159.5
123.9
34.2
98.4
13.1

13.7
96.9
370.5
48.0
11.2
159.4
125.9
34.6
100.6
12.4

13.8
96.6
373.0
49.4
11.1
159.9
127.0
35.4
101.1
12.6

14.3
96.7
374.4
49.2
11.0
160.4
126.8
35.4
101.3
12.4

13.7
97.8
379.6
48.9
11.6
161.5
126.8
35.6
103.7
12.4

13.8
99.1
380.4
49.5
11.6

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

92.7
37.3
447.0
85.4
45.7

18.2
8.4
291.1

12.0
184.7
42.2
55.8
198.6

12.0
81.9
13.2

97.3
354.7
40.6
11.4
155.4
120.9
33.7
95.5

12.4

88.5
46.3

19.3
8.7
307.2

140.2

108.2
22.6
122.1
87.2

144.9
80.9
40.7
107.6

14.6
32.9
48.9
17.3
124.1

164.9
12.8
184.4
48.3
64.6

201.5
11.8

80.9

162.6
127.6
35.3

104.4
12.4

See footnotes at end of table.




61

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)

1993

1994

State
Oct.

Oct."

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

383.1
16.0
177.9
248.3
1,760.8
190.3
284.7
63.7
14.2
482.8
566.4

384.0
14.5
178.3
249.0
1,754.8
191.0
286.2
63.4
14.1
482.8
567.3

384.4
16.1
181.2
250.7
1,752.3
191.0
285.5
63.3
14.0
483.2
568.7

381.9
16.3
182.3
252.3
1,755.5
190.7
284.3
60.7
14.0
484.3
565.5

385.0
16.4
183.1
253.9
1,753.1
190.1
284.4
63.8
14.1
483.4
572.7

385.7
17.4
183.1
256.0
1,750.5
190.8
282.5
63.6
14.2
484.9
571.1

18.1
72.7
941.5
647.2
242.1
182.2
294.1
187.2
92.7
177.0

17.9
72.8
940.0
649.7
242.4
182.1
295.2
187.8
92.5
177.3

17.8
72.2
939.0
650.0
243.5
182.6
296.1
186.7
92.8
177.2

17.7
72.7
939.0
649.5
244.5
182.3
297.6
186.0
92.7
176.4

17.4
72.7
930.5
652.3
245.0
180.5
299.1
186.3
92.4
176.5

17.4
73.2
929.0
652.1
244.1
181.0
300.4
186.7
91.6
176.9

17.4
71.4
930.2
652.3
244.7
182.8
301.8
187.5
91.9
176.6

445.5
929.8
410.5
257 A
412.1
23.0
104.2
30.8
97.9
511.0

445.5
934.2
410.2
258.0
412.4
23.0
104.0
31.0
98.1
509.7

446.8
935.6
410.5
256.7
412.3
22.6
104.1
31.6
98.1
510.4

447.3
930.5
411.4
257.8
410.4
22.6
104.0
31.8
98.1
509.7

448.1
940.7
413.7
259.0
409.8
22.6
104.5
31.8
98.3
507.8

450.3
938.5
414.2
260.5
408.0
22.5
105.6
31.9
99.7
507.2

449.2
943.6
416.6
260.6
414.2
22.5
105.8
31.8
98.4
510.0

446.5
945.0
417.4
259.0
414.8
22.7
105.5
31.9
97.8
507.2

444.7
951.4
417.8

43.4
965.5
847.7
19.8
1,050.3
170.1
214.8
936.1
86.7
371.7

43.6
965.0
847.6
20.1
1,052.9
168.5
216.1
935.4
86.7
374.4

43.4
961.8
851.9
20.5
1,053.0
169.1
216.5
936.8
86.5
372.3

44.0
960.0
851.1
20.9
1,052.5
169.2
216.6
934.3
86.5
371.7

43.8
958.3
850.4
20.9
1,052.6
169.4
215.8
936.0
86.3
370.8

44.2
954.9
850.0
21.1
1,054.6
170.2
218.0
936.9
86.4
371.2

44.6
955.4
854.0
21.1
1,056.7
170.7
218.8
937.8
83.5
372.0

45.4
952.4
852.7
21.3
1,058.2
169.0
216.4
937.2
86.4
370.4

45.4
947.7
852.5
21.5
1,056.4
170.1
216.8
934.1
86.0
371.0

44.5
946.3
854.2
21.4
1,065.3
169.7

41.8
534.8
994.5
114.2
43.2
406.4
335.6
81.5
566.0
9.6

41.9
537.6
995.8
114.2
43.2
403.3
333.9
81.3
566.5
9.8

42.4
537.5
997.6
115.0
43.1
401.9
333.8
81.3
567.9
9.9

42.4
539.0
1.000.1
115.2
42.8
399.6
332.5
81.4
568.2
9.9

42.5
537.9
1.000.5
115.4
42.7
401.6
331.8
81.4
568.5
9.9

43.2
540.6
1.000.6
115.0
42.8
400.7
332.6
81.1
572.9
9.9

43.9
540.8
1.000.2
115.2
43.2
404.1
332.9
81.0
574.8
9.9

44.5
539.3
1,000.7
115.4
43.2
401.8
333.6
81.4
573.2
9.8

44.8
539.0
1,003.5
117.0
43.5
403.1
333.0
81.6
572.6
9.8

44.7
539.2

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

382.2
16.5
174.4
245.5
1,773.4
187.7
289.0
64.4
13.9
482.6
558.0

381.8
16.5
174.7
245.6
1,766.1
188.8
287.9
64.2
14.0
482.7
558.8

380.7
15.4
176.2
247.3
1,766.2
188.7
287.2
64.4
14.1
480.7
559.7

381.6
18.4
176.4
247.0
1,761.1
188.9
285.1
63.6
14.2
480.6
565.6

382.9
17.5
176.4
246.9
1,761.1
188.8
285.9
63.7
14.1
481.4
565.7

18.8
70.6
937.1
640.6
238.0
181.2
293.3
186.5
91.8
177.9

18.7
70.8
940.2
642.0
238.4
181.2
292.8
186.7
91.8
177.7

17.8
71.1
942.1
644.1
240.4
181.9
293.3
186.3
91.2
177.8

18.0
71.4
941.3
647.8
241.1
182.0
293.2
186.4
92.4
177.5

447.6
906.5
407.0
255.4
412.8
22.7
104.1
30.4
97.1
512.9

446.1
911.4
408.3
255.5
412.8
22.7
104.0
30.5
97.1
512.6

445.7
931.2
410.6
256.3
411.4
22.9
103.9
30.6
97.1
514.9

43.5
972.5
849.1
19.6
1,046.0
169.4
212.5
934.8
86.3
371.5

43.4
971.4
847.9
19.7
1,047.4
169.7
214.1
935.7
86.4
371.8

41.2
532.9
995.3
110.8
43.3
406.5
337.0
82.8
562.3
9.4

41.3
534.4
997.0
111.6
43.6
405.2
335.2
82.6
563.2
9.4

Apr.
Manufacturing

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

382.6

17.3
174.1

244.9
1,778.7
188.1
290.9
64.8
13.9
483.5
556.3
18.8
70.0

936.5
638.7
237.1
181.5

292.7
186.7
91.6
178.1

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

449.8
897.1
405.7
254.6
412.1

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

43.4
973.7
847.5

South Dakota

Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
See footnotes at end of table.

62




23.1

104.0
30.4
96.7
513.9

19.5
1,044.6
169.1

212.9
935.0
86.7
372.2
40.7
531.5
994.0
109.9

43.3
405.9
338.5
82.5
561.1

9.5

386.4

16.9
183.3
256.9
1,743.8
192.0

282.1
63.7
14.2
485.7
572.7
17.3
72.2

933.0
655.8
244.8
182.8
303.0
188.5

92.1
177.1

259.7
417.6
22.6
106.0
32.2
98.0
506.7

218.0

937.7
85.5
371.5

1,003.8
118.2
43.5
405.9
333.0

82.1
575.7
9.9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)

1993

1994

State
Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.?

Transportation and public utilities

69.4
15.0
21.1
285.7
203.1

85.5
22.8
76.9
56.8
597.5
104.7
69.3
15.1
20.8
287.0
203.4

85.2
22.9
76.6
57.1
597.9
104.9
69.3
14.9
20.8
289.9
202.9

85.0
23.0
78.6
56.3
600.1
104.2
69.2
14.8
20.8
283.7
203.6

84.9
23.2
78.6
56.4
599.3
105.1
69.3
15.1
20.7
285.0
205.4

85.1
23.4
78.5
56.6
598.9
105.0
68.4
14.9
20.8
286.4
206.2

85.2
23.1
78.7
56.1
591.8
103.1
69.5
15.0
20.9
286.4
203.5

85.0
23.4
79.3
56.8
594.3
103.5
68.9
15.2
21.2
288.1
207.7

85.1
23.1
79.4
57.0
593.7
103.2
68.9
15.2
21.2
286.9
208.1

84.8
23.1
78.9
57.6
594.5
104.5
69.0
14.9
21.1
285.9
207.9

84.8
23.1
79.0
58.1
593.6
104.7
68.7
15.3
21.0
286.9
208.0

85.3
23.1
78.9
58.1
593.6
104.5
68.0
15.1
20.7
287.4
205.6

85.2
23.2
77.9
58.4
592.1
103.4
68.0
15.3
20.7
287.9
205.9

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

40.6
21.1
311.2
134.7
57.0
67.1
82.4
105.8
21.6
98.3

40.1
21.4
312.2
135.0
56.9
67.3
82.6
105.7
21.8
97.9

39.8
21.4
313.8
135.0
56.9
67.7
82.5
106.3
21.9
98.1

39.9
21.1
312.1
135.3
56.8
68.0
81.8
105.7
21.4
98.9

39.8
21.0
313.2
135.3
56.9
68.3
82.9
106.1
21.5
97.7

40.1
21.1
312.6
135.7
57.2
68.1
82.9
106.6
21.3
97.3

40.3
21.3
306.1
132.9
57.3
68.2
83.1
106.6
20.9
97.0

40.1
21.4
311.3
135.8
57.4
68.7
83.7
107.2
21.0
97.6

39.8
21.4
312.5
136.2
57.7
69.1
84.2
107.3
21.5
97.1

39.9
21.5
312.7
136.6
57.6
69.2
84.8
107.9
21.7
96.2

39.8
21.0
311.8
136.8
57.4
69.2
84.8
108.1
21.2
96.4

39.7
21.4
314.2
136.7
57.9
69.4
84.5
108.4
21.2
95.5

39.4
21.4
315.0
136.4
58.2
69.8
84.4
109.5
21.1
95.6

Massachusetts ...
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire .
New Jersey

125.8
156.1
109.0
46.0
154.5
20.2
47.0
35.8
17.9
234.4

124.9
156.3
109.9
45.3
154.5
20.3
47.2
35.9
17.9
235.1

125.3
156.4
110.1
45.2
154.7
20.4
47.4
35.9
18.0
235.1

126.7
158.8
110.0
44.6
154.5
20.0
47.2
36.0
18.1
237.7

127.3
158.8
110.2
44.7
154.6
20.2
47.4
36.0
18.2
238.0

127.9
159.1
109.9
44.9
154.8
20.2
47.8
36.3
18.2
238.7

127.0
154.1
108.5
43.7
151.7
20.2
47.0
36.4
17.9
236.9

127.5
160.5
109.3
45.2
155.0
20.4
47.2
36.5
18.2
238.7

127.4
160.0
109.4
46.2
154.7
20.4
47.2
36.7
18.3
238.5

127.7
158.9
110.0
45.9
154.4
20.4
47.5
36.6
18.4
238.2

127.1
158.8
109.2
46.2
153.9
20.5
47.9
37.0
16.0
238.8

126.6
159.6
110.5
45.4
153.5
20.7
48.4
37.1
17.9
238.8

127.1
159.8
110.7
45.1
153.0

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina ...
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina...

28.9
400.4

28.9
401.4
156.8
18.2
212.9
70.9
66.2
267.2
14.5
66.6

28.9
402.4
156.7
18.2
212.7
70.9
66.4
268.9
14.7
66.7

29.4
404.2
155.8
18.3
212.5
71.3
66.0
269.2
14.5
66.2

29.7
406.0
156.3
18.4
212.5
71.6
66.1
268.6
14.6
66.8

29.9
406.4
157.1
18.4
212.0
71.8
66.4
269.4
14.5
67.0

30.0
402.7
155.7
18.3
203.8
71.8
65.0
262.8
14.5
66.5

30.1
405.8
155.7
18.3
212.5
72.0
66.2
271.5
14.6
67.7

29.5
405.2
156.3
18.1
212.5
72.0
66.6
272.1
14.5
67.3

29.8
399.8
157.4
18.4
212.0
71.7
66.9
269.5
14.4
67.3

29.8
398.5
156.6
18.4
211.5
71.4
67.2
267.8
14.0
67.4

29.6
399.4
155.6
18.4
211.4
71.5
67.1
269.5
14.5
66.8

29.6
397.8
155.5

South Dakota ....
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

14.6
128.7
439.4
47.4

14.6
128.3
441.6
47.7
11.0
151.4
114.3
38.6
113.9
14.6

14.6
128.1
443.3
48.1
10.9
151.5
115.4
39.0
114.4
14.6

14.9
127.1
443.5
49.2
10.9
150.9
115.1
39.2
114.0
14.6

14.9
128.5
445.0
49.3
11.0
151.4
114.6
39.7
114.2
14.7

14.9
128.9
444.9
49.8
10.9
152.8
117.0
39.3
114.4
14.6

15.1
124.1
444.5
48.2
11.0
151.3
115.2
39.0
111.2
14.5

15.0
129.7
445.6
48.5
10.9
153.3
117.3
39.2
110.8
14.4

15.3
129.5
446.6
48.7
10.9
151.9
118.2
39.3
113.6
14.4

15.4
129.9
445.6
49.4
11.2
153.2
119.3
39.6
113.4
14.2

15.5
130.3
450.0
49.8
11.1
152.9
117.3
39.8
113.5
14.1

15.4
130.2
452.3
50.0
11.1
152.4
117.8
39.6
113.9
14.3

15.7
130.5
455.2
50.0

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia .
Florida
Georgia

85.3
22.8
77.5
56.9
600.1
104.0

156.6
18.1
213.2
71.2

66.0
267.1
14.3
66.5

11.0
150.7
114.6
38.7
113.8

14.6

20.8
48.4
37.3

18.0
238.7

18.5
212.0

71.1
66.9
270.3
14.4
67.2

11.0
153.5
118.0
39.6
114.5
14.3

See footnotes at end of table.




63

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)

1993

1994

State

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct."

384.4
51.1
398.4
224.5
2,765.2
421.0
327.1
79.1
52.0
1,487.0
797.3

385.9
51.2
401.4
224.6
2,760.8
424.9
325.7
79.6
52.8
1,491.6
800.6

385.1
51.4
400.6
226.8
2,762.8
427.1
327.1
79.5
52.3
1,492.9
797.4

385.6
51.9
403.6
228.4
2,764.3
427.7
326.3
79.3
53.1
1,499.5
798.5

386.2
52.1
403.8
229.7
2,764.0
430.0
325.4
78.8
52.6
1,506.6
802.5

386.8
52.0
405.6
230.5
2,761.1
432.3
326.0
78.2
53.1
1,511.9
803.8

130.3
115.9
1,271.1
616.3
323.9
277.1
365.5
388.2
132.1
502.2

129.4
116.0
1,273.7
615.9
324.8
278.2
367.0
389.5
133.3
503.0

129.1
116.3
1,278.7
614.7
326.0
278.9
368.6
390.8
134.3
504.7

129.3
116.8
1,275.7
615.9
325.9
277.6
370.4
392.0
135.6
505.0

130.0
117.1
1,277.7
615.7
326.8
277.4
370.9
393.6
136.4
504.4

130.6
117.6
1,280.3
618.6
326.9
278.3
371.8
394.4
136.3
503.8

130.3
117.6
1,284.5
624.1
327.5
279.2
372.7
395.1
136.0
507.9

659.9
952.0
549.0
215.0
575.3
89.0
193.5
138.4
130.9
822.3

663.9
957.5
551.5
216.6
581.5
88.8
193.6
139.3
131.9
827.5

668.7
960.0
548.3
217.1
582.4
89.0
193.4
140.1
130.8
828.8

670.6
965.4
548.9
217.7
581.4
89.8
194.3
140.7
131.9
831.3

673.1
963.2
548.9
216.4
580.8
90.0
197.0
140.4
131.8
834.8

675.9
961.2
549.4
217.3
581.7
90.6
197.3
140.4
130.0
836.6

675.6
964.3
550.2
216.8
585.5
90.9
198.3
140.9
131.3
836.0

675.8
963.6
553.0
215.4
587.5
91.4
198.4
140.7
131.2
839.3

150.7
1,566.4
738.8
75.2
1,180.6
292.5
330.7
1,149.4
94.6
358.8

151.2
1,571.2
743.1
75.6
1,181.7
291.4
331.9
1,155.7
94.4
358.1

153.4
1,570.5
743.6
75.4
1,182.3
293.2
334.6
1,157.6
94.6
357.9

153.7
1,572.4
745.2
75.1
1,185.4
292.7
335.0
1,160.4
95.2
358.3

154.0
1,574.2
745.0
75.2
1,183.5
294.6
335.5
1,166.3
96.1
358.2

155.5
1,579.4
745.4
75.8
1,185.3
296.6
335.2
1,164.4
95.9
357.3

155.5
1,582.8
746.6
75.9
1,185.4
297.2
338.2
1,168.5
96.9
357.8

155.0
1,582.5
747.9
75.6
1,184.2
299.5
338.0
1,167.8
96.4
358.2

155.6
1,583.1
749.1
76.0
1,183.5
298.8
337.5
1,172.0
95.9
359.1

82.8
545.5
1,842.6
198.5
61.1
663.1
552.4
152.3
556.6
48.6

82.6
546.1
1,848.6
199.9
61.4
668.7
551.9
152.4
557.2
48.3

83.0
550.5
1,855.5
199.5
61.5
672.7
551.0
153.6
558.1
48.3

83.3
552.0
1,862.5
199.9
61.3
675.4
551.5
154.1
559.5
48.0

83.6
552.7
1,867.6
200.7
61.8
675.6
554.5
154.3
559.9
48.8

84.2
556.3
1,874.9
202.4
61.2
677.6
552.7
154.4
561.3
49.3

84.0
557.0
1,882.9
203.3
61.2
677.6
553.6
154.9
564.5
49.7

84.2
557.5
1,883.7
204.1
61.1
680.6
556.1
155.2
564.8
49.6

84.6
561.1
1,883.1
206.4
60.7
682.2
557.7
156.3
567.0
49.3

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

379.3
49.4
389.8
221.4
2,768.8
408.2
327.0
75.0
52.6
1,464.8
784.6

380.0
50.2
390.1
222.2
2,765.4
409.9
324.9
76.0
52.2
1,468.3
786.5

381.5
50.4
389.9
221.7
2,765.3
411.3
: 322.6
76.2
51.9
1,472.8
787.2

380.6
49.9
389.3
221.2
2,769.4
413.1
328.1
76.7
52.1
1,463.8
787.2

382.3
49.7
390.2
222.2
2,768.3
415.9
328.2
76.3
51.8
1,477.3
794.2

383.7
50.6
394.4
223.6
2,768.6
417.7
325.1
76.7
52.1
1,479.2
795.7

384.7
51.3
397.8
223.6
2,768.4
420.3
326.6
77.8
51.6
1,484.9
796.9

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

132.6
112.2
1,250.8
613.7
322.3
276.1
361.4
380.4
131.3
498.3

132.3
112.9
1,253.2
618.3
322.4
276.7
361.2
381.3
130.9
497.8

132.2
112.8
1,254.5
618.8
322.8
277.0
360.6
382.4
130.1
497.9

131.7
113.2
1,251.9
614.3
321.7
276.2
359.5
379.7
129.7
500.8

130.7
113.7
1,264.6
615.4
322.3
277.2
363.5
382.6
129.6
499.2

130.4
114.6
1,263.6
615.7
321.5
278.3
364.9
386.8
129.4
500.3

649.7
936.6
538.3
211.1
574.2
88.4
193.8
135.4
129.2
818.5

650.5
939.9
540*.9
211.4
574.3
88.4
194.1
136.0
129.0
818.0

648.1
941.6
540.8
211.5
575.1
88.6
194.0
136.9
129.3
819.4

656.2
937.7
544.7
211.9
572.5
89.0
194.3
137.0
129.9
823.4

655.3
945.8
548.0
212.8
574.9
89.2
194.2
137.9
130.2
819.0

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

148.3
1,551.7
737.6
75.3
1,174.8
289.9
330.0
1,148.8
95.1
353.9

148.3
1,553.1
737.8
75.2
1,174.8
289.9
330.4
1,150.3
94.9
355.3

148.3
1,555.7
740.6
75.3
1,175.3
289.5
330.8
1,153.2
95.1
356.4

150.4
1,567.2
736.3
74.9
1,178.0
290.8
330.4
1,146.3
94.3
357.1

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

81.3
541.0
1,827.1
194.8
60.5
652.6
549.4
150.5
556.2
48.2

81.3
541.7
1,833.0
196.2
60.1
653.0
549.4
151.3
558.9
48.2

81.2
543.7
1,844.9
197.1
60.6
655.0
550.7
152.3
558.7
48.4

82.4
542.3
1,834.7
198.2
60.9
658.9
549.1
152.1
554.2
48.5

Mar.

Apr.

May

Wholesale and retail trade

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

See footnotes at end of table.

64



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)

1993

1994

State
Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Mar.

Feb.

Apr.

June

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.?

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

76.0
11.4

77.1

139.1
35.5
30.6
359.9
167.4

76.1
11.3
101.1
40.9
782.2
108.2
138.7
35.8
30.3
361.0
167.2

76.5
11.4
101.3
41.0
780.7
108.7
138.3
35.9
30.0
361.7
167.6

76.9
11.4
101.3
40.9
782.4
108.4
138.4
36.0
30.0
362.8
166.6

77.1
11.4
101.1
41.2
780.9
108.6
137.8
36.2
29.6
363.5
167.1

77.2
11.3
101.3
41.4
780.5
108.8
136.8
36.4
29.3
364.5
167.5

77.3
11.5
101.5
41.2
778.5
109.5
138.1
36.7
29.5
364.2
167.4

77.0
11.4
101.7
41.4
774.8
109.1
137.3
36.7
29.9
365.2
167.8

77.0
11.4
102.5
41.4
770.4
109.4
136.8
36.9
30.1
365.7
167.7

77.0
11.5
102.9
41.6
768.2
109.7
136.0
37.0
30.2
367.0
167.3

77.2
11.5
102.7
41.6
765.4
109.3
136.1
37.1
30.3
367.2
167.0

76.9
11.5
102.2
41.5
762.3
109.3
136.2
37.2
30.0
367.7
167.6

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

39.6
23.1
384.8
129.0
74.8
58.4
63.0
78.1
25.9
129.9

39.4
23.3
385.5
129.3
75.0
58.6
63.4
77.9
26.1
130.0

39.4
23.3
386.0
129.5
75.5
58.6
63.2
77.9
26.0
130.0

39.6
23.4
385.4
129.4
75.2
58.4
63.0
77.8
25.9
130.6

39.5
23.4
385.5
129.4
75.1
58.5
62.8
77.8
25.9
130.4

39.5
23.8
384.9
129.6
75.4
58.6
62.9
78.1
26.0
130.1

39.6
24.1
385.3
129.8
75.7
58.8
62.9
78.6
26.1
130.2

39.6
24.0
386.3
129.9
75.9
59.0
62.5
78.7
25.9
129.6

39.6
24.2
386.7
129.8
75.9
59.4
62.5
79.1
25.8
129.1

39.4
24.3
387.8
130.0
75.9
59.1
62.2
79.2
25.8
128.6

39.2
24.4
386.9
129.8
76.0
58.7
62.6
79.4
25.8
128.1

39.3
24.6
387.2
129.1
76.3
58.9
62.5
79.2
25.9
128.2

39.2
24.6
388.8

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

200.6
189.5
137.7
38.9
142.3
15.0
50.5
31.7
29.9
230.3

200.5
193.3
138.4
38.9
142.3
14.9
50.7
31.8
29.9
230.7

200.6
193.5
139.1
38.9
143.1
15.0
50.6
31.9
29.9
230.6

201.4
192.5
139.3
38.7
141.2
15.1
50.5
32.1
30.1
230.5

201.4
192.6
139.7
39.2
141.3
15.1
50.8
32.1
30.1
231.1

201.6
193.6
140.0
39.4
141.9
15.2
50.6
32.1
30.1
230.9

202.3
194.8
139.6
39.5
143.0
15.1
50.7
32.1
29.8
231.0

202.2
195.5
139.3
39.1
143.2
15.2
50.5
32.1
29.8
231.1

202.3
196.4
138.8
39.1
143.1
15.1
50.6
32.1
29.5
232.3

202.6
196.6
138.6
38.9
144.0
15.2
50.5
32.0
29.0
232.7

202.2
196.0
138.5
39.1
143.5
15.1
50.4
32.1
28.8
232.0

202.6
195.1
138.7
38.8
143.3
15.1
50.4
32.1
29.0
232.0

201.9

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

27.8
729.2
141.0
13.6
259.3

27.7
728.7
141.1
13.6
259.6
61.3
93.8
304.7
25.3
66.3

27.8
728.7
141.7
13.7
260.1
61.1
93.9
304.6
25.2
66.3

28.1
727.4
141.9
13.7
260.5
61.2
94.4
303.1
25.3
66.2

28.2
728.6
142.2
13.8
260.4
61.3
94.7
304.3
25.4
66.5

28.3
729.5
142.9
13.8
260.6
61.6
95.4
304.5
25.2
66.3

28.9
730.3
143.8
13.8
260.9
61.8
95.9
305.9
25.4
66.3

29.0
730.9
144.7
13.8
260.9
61.9
96.5
307.2
25.2
66.4

29.0
733.7
145.3
13.9
260.7
62.0
96.5
307.2
25.0
66.4

29.3
734.8
145.3
13.9
260.8
62.1
96.6
307.7
25.2
66.2

29.2
733.8
145.6
14.0
260.6
61.8
96.9
307.7
25.1
66.3

29.2
733.9
146.2
14.0
260.4
62.3
96.3
307.0
25.0
66.3

29.4
732.7
146.2

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

17.9
104.9
431.8

18.0
105.1
433.8
41.6
12.2
160.1
122.3
25.1
132.4

17.9
105.4
435.5
42.5
12.3
160.8
122.7
25.1
132.7

18.0
105.2
434.2
44.2
12.2
160.0
123.2
25.0
132.6

18.1
105.3
434.4
44.6
12.1
160.9
122.9
25.0
132.4

18.2
105.3
436.9
45.0
12.0
161.2
122.3
25.1
132.7

18.2
105.6
438.6
45.9
12.0
162.2
122.1
25.0
132.6

18.2
105.8
438.8
46.2
12.0
162.9
121.8
25.0
132.9

18.2
105.9
438.9
46.0
11.9
163.5
121.8
25.3
132.9

18.2
105.9
437.7
46.8
12.1
164.3
121.3
25.3
133.3

18.1
106.2
439.5
46.3
12.1
164.6
121.6
25.4
133.6

18.2
106.2
441.0
46.8
12.0
165.6
121.1
25.3
133.6

7.7

7.8

7.9

7.9

7.8

7.8

7.7

7.8

7.7

7.7

7.8

100.8
40.8
783.2
107.7

61.3
93.5
304.0
25.3
66.2

41.6
12.2
159.2
121.9
25.1
132.0
7.7

11.4
102.2

41.5
758.4
109.3

136.6
37.5
30.2
369.4
167.5

129.8
76.6
58.7
62.6

79.5
25.7
128.1

194.6
138.9
38.7
143.8

15.0
50.4
32.3
29.0
232.0

14.0
260.4
62.7

96.6
305.9
24.6

66.3
18.3
106.3
441.5
47.4
12.1
166.5
121.7
25.4
133.7
7.6

See footnotes at end of table.




65

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)

1993

State

1994

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

366.6
56.7
454.7
222.2
3,465.4
474.1
447.8
90.6
258.4
1,850.5
750.7

365.4
57.0
455.5
222.2
3,465.3
474.2
447.3
91.0
256.6
1,858.5
753.6

365.1
57.2
456.6
220.9
3,469.6
475.7
447.6
91.3
256.8
1,866.7
757.1

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

164.2
99.7
1,483.7
561.2
319.8
273.2
366.1
408.9
136.3
665.4

163.5
99.7
1,484.6
563.1
320.8
273.4
366.4
409.9
136.5
664.7

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

968.2
1,027.1
621.3
199.5
654.3
88.9
189.1
301.1
138.7
1,026.8

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

169.0
2,427.3
700.2

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

80.8
581.8
1,953.1

Oct.p

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

370.1
57.6
466.6
225.5
3,487.0
483.7
453.0
94.1
256.1
1,898.9
782.9

368.4
58.4
466.9
226.7
3,490.8
485.5
456.8
93.9
256.5
1,907.2
786.6

369.7
58.6
469.6
227.8
3,493.4
485.9
457.4
94.7
255.0
1,917.7
795.3

368.8
58.6
470.8
229.2
3,503.0
488.1
461.3
94.6
255.9
1,927.5
800.7

370.0
58.8
471.6
230.7
3,510.5
488.7
462.5
94.7
257.2
1,941.3
806.2

371.1
58.6
474.0
231.5
3,508.8
489.6
463.6
94.7
259.7
1,952.7
813.9

163.2
101.5
1,481.9
582.1
323.7
277.0
367.9
418.0
136.6
663.3

163.3
101.8
1,487.7
583.4
325.0
277.7
368.0
421.3
137.6
669.9

163.6
102.6
1,490.3
578.1
325.7
278.0
367.5
424.5
138.7
671.2

164.0
102.6
1,495.6
577.3
327.4
279.3
370.2
425.5
138.4
670.3

164.2
102.9
1,504.4
576.8
328.3
279.9
372.2
428.0
138.2
671.9

163.5
102.6
1,507.1
579.5
328.1
280.1
373.8
433.1
139.1
669.4

164.7
102.9
1,517.0
587.4
327.1
280.0
376.3
434.8
138.1
672.4

165.3
102.9
1,520.3
596.1
327.7
280.7
377.9
436.3
139.5
671.3

987.6
1,036.3
631.0
207.1
660.3
89.9
188.8
315.5
140.9
1,033.8

990.8
1,040.0
633.3
207.1
664.5
90.6
188.2
315.7
141.6
1,036.7

997.3
1,050.2
636.4
209.5
675.2
90.0
190.6
316.8
142.9
1,046.2

997.5
1,054.5
636.4
211.1
677.2
90.7
190.6
317.1
143.0
1,047.9

1,001.7
1,059.3
640.2
215.9
684.8
91.0
193.4
317.1
143.5
1,051.7

1,009.9
1,063.4
641.5
218.0
688.7
90.7
195.1
317.2
144.8
1,054.5

1,014.2
1,066.9
641.8
217.0
689.1
90.6
195.8
317.8
144.8
1,058.7

1,014.7
1,070.0
643.6
215.8
687.7
91.0
194.7
319.4
145.0
1,060.5

1,012.4

172.6
2,444.6
709.5
77.8
1,292.9
307.0
332.2
1,530.1
137.4
345.3

173.1
2,449.8
711.9
77.9
1,296.0
307.0
332.9
1,533.3
136.8
344.6

173.3
2,458.0
717.9
79.1
1,296.9
307.3
334.1
1,541.7
138.1
344.4

175.5
2,464.3
719.2
79.1
1,299.4
310.6
334.1
1,553.1
138.6
344.4

176.3
2,473.1
723.3
79.8
1,300.0
312.7
335.1
1,560.4
139.4
345.9

175.9
2,477.5
727.6
79.6
1,297.3
314.5
336.0
1,558.9
141.9
347.9

176.8
2,487.6
724.1
79.8
1,300.2
317.2
338.1
1,563.3
141.2
348.2

177.0
2,485.7
726.1
79.8
1,299.4
315.5
339.9
1,566.5
141.3
348.3

178.1
2,489.0
728.1
80.3
1,301.3
318.1
341.3
1,566.7
140.8
348.8

179.1
2,492.6

83.3
585.7
1,948.9
221.2
74.2
816.7
588.3
170.1
604.9
43.8

83.6
587.5
1,966.8
221.9
75.3
822.9
589.2
170.9
607.9
43.8

83.9
587.7
1,976.3
222.7
75.8
829.5
593.6
171.2
610.3
43.7

84.0
591.4
1,998.3
223.7
77.5
834.0
594.2
172.3
611.7
44.0

84.5
594.2
2,004.0
223.5
75.3
834.0
596.7
174.0
611.5
43.5

85.3
593.7
2,025.8
225.3
75.2
837.6
599.7
173.6
614.4
43.7

85.0
594.9
2,037.0
225.6
75.8
840.9
598.9
174.2
617.9
43.3

85.0
594.3
2,040.8
229.2
75.6
843.9
601.0
174.1
619.8
43.4

84.6
596.0
2.037.0
229.8
76.0
849.0
601.9
174.8
619.4
44.0

Feb.

Mar.

365.3
57.5
455.9
223.9
3,469.6
477.7
453.2
90.7
255.4
1,869.8
758.2

368.5
57.8
458.8
224.8
3,480.2
482.4
450.8
91.4
256.5
1,879.3
767.9

368.8
57.8
463.8
225.1
3,478.8
482.8
451.9
92.1
256.4
1,889.5
774.3

163.4
100.1
1,489.2
564.0
321.5
274.9
366.5
411.1
136.7
665.2

163.9
100.9
1,479.7
569.2
322.8
276.8
364.6
410.3
135.8
664.2

163.2
101.8
1,481.2
568.6
323.3
276.4
365.6
415.3
136.4
662.7

972.1
1,027.0
623.4
200.8
655.1
89.0
188.5
305.5
138.5
1,028.2

974.0
1,027.5
626.6
200.0
658.7
89.4
188.3
311.7
138.2
1,030.1

987.5
1,029.8
629.3
204.3
657.5
89.6
189.1
312.2
140.1
1,031.2

168.8
2,435.9
703.2
78.2
1,286.5
304.3
333.1
1,539.0
137.3
340.2

168.9
2,440.9
707.5
77.9
1,289.1
304.4
333.3
1,540.5
136.8
341.3

80.9
583.1
1,954.4
217.3
75.7
813.2
587.3
169.4
602.0
43.2

81.0
585.9
1,954.8
218.9
74.2
817.2
589.3
170.0
602.4
43.5

Apr.
Services

See footnotes at end of table.

66




77.9
1,285.5
304.8
331.0
1,536.0
137.1
339.0

215.6
75.2
809.4
586.0
169.5
601.3
43.1

372.6
58.6
477.0

232.5
3,509.7
489.7

466.2
94.1
263.5
1,958.3
816.0

1,076.0

645.9
213.6
691.7
91.4
195.1

319.8
146.1
1,063.0

731.7
80.8
1,308.3
318.2
345.0
1,567.8

140.9
347.3
85.7

598.8
2,035.3
229.9
76.8
852.7
603.8
176.4
617.7
44.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994

1993

State
Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.?

Government
342.4
74.8
285.8
168.8
2,075.6
297.6
207.7
49.4
284.9
887.0
554.3

343.1
74.5
287.6
169.3
2,078.6
297.9
208.7
49.6
285.7
889.3
555.4

343.0
75.1
287.1
169.1
2,079.4
298.8
208.8
49.9
284.8
894.1
556.8

344.3
75.8
286.3
169.4
2,079.8
297.9
207.3
49.4
285.1
895.8
558.3

343.5
74.9
286.5
169.4
2,084.1
298.7
209.0
49.5
284.0
898.3
560.6

343.9
74.9
287.3
169.4
2,083.0
298.8
208.8
49.4
283.0
897.9
560.8

345.0
74.6
286.3
169.4
2,084.0
300.6
210.5
49.4
282.8
907.1
561.3

343.8
74.4
287.4
170.7
2,089.4
298.5
210.2
50.2
281.1
901.9
561.2

349.1
74.6
288.6
171.0
2,091.8
298.6
209.6
50.0
279.3
908.9
562.2

339.6
73.8
294.7
172.5
2,090.9
302.1
208.9
50.6
280.9
908.7
563.3

340.2
74.7
297.1
173.2
2,097.8
303.0
210.6
51.3
278.1
903.3
562.5

344.8
74.3
302.9
170.0
2.091.7
301.5
213.3
51.5
278.5
917.6
568.5

346.2
73.5
295.9
170.6
2,094.4
301.8

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

111.8
91.3
772.2
395.7
224.5
232.1
276.5
340.2
94.0
417.6

111.5
91.6
772.6
396.0
225.2
231.1
277.7
340.2
93.6
418.1

112.0
92.2
773.2
396.9
225.7
232.7
276.7
339.6
93.3
419.4

110.4
92.2
768.1
398.2
224.7
232.0
272.8
340.2
92.1
419.1

111.9
92.5
773.5
395.1
223.6
232.4
275.2
339.4
93.4
416.4

112.0
92.8
773.4
395.4
225.3
232.4
277.1
340.2
93.2
419.8

111.9
93.1
771.7
396.0
226.1
226.2
277.3
343.2
93.2
419.9

110.2
93.3
779.3
395.2
227.1
231.4
276.6
343.6
93.8
418.9

113.0
92.9
777.6
397.4
231.3
237.5
278.9
343.4
92.9
418.0

111.7
93.5
783.2
396.2
226.4
230.8
277.9
340.6
94.8
414.6

111.7
93.7
787.7
394.7
228.2
234.0
278.2
342.8
94.3
418.7

112.0
94.4
774.4
396.5
229.3
233.2
286.5
349.0
93.8
424.1

112.2
94.2
773.0
396.8
228.7
233.4
288.8
351.2
93.4
422.4

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

389.7
641.7
356.2
211.2
379.6
74.6
150.1
89.2
74.5
568.3

388.8
641.2
357.9
211.4
380.7
74.5
149.2
89.3
73.9
569.2

387.8
641.6
358.5
211.8
382.5
75.0
150.5
90.0
74.1
569.2

387.0
637.0
359.6
211.5
381.0
74.4
151.1
89.4
75.1
565.2

388.8
637.9
359.5
210.5
382.5
74.6
149.1
90.0
76.6
561.1

386.5
641.4
360.8
212.6
382.7
74.6
149.7
91.1
76.7
562.5

390.2
638.7
362.6
212.3
385.4
75.0
149.5
91.8
75.0
565.0

388.9
637.4
362.3
212.4
386.5
75.6
152.1
92.2
74.2
566.9

387.5
632.3
361.6
211.0
388.2
75.1
149.3
90.2
74.2
566.6

383.0
627.3
360.2
214.4
387.2
75.9
152.7
91.0
76.7
565.9

385.4
632.7
360.2
218.9
385.4
79.1
154.4
93.8
76.9
563.4

388.7
643.3
358.7
211.8
385.5
77.1
153.0
95.2
76.7
565.1

391.2
642.9

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

159.7
1,420.4
536.5
66.6
744.5
266.9
232.2
709.3
60.9
297.8

160.1
1,423.0
539.1
66.4
738.5
268.3
232.9
710.5
61.3
297.9

160.0
1,420.2
539.2
66.8
739.5
268.6
233.0
713.8
62.4
297.7

160.4
1,417.5
539.9
66.6
738.0
269.6
233.9
710.0
61.7
299.6

160.2
1,415.6
537.6
67.0
739.9
269.2
233.7
708.3
62.0
298.8

160.6
1,417.2
540.4
66.7
740.6
269.9
232.7
711.2
61.4
300.0

162.1
1,417.6
541.0
66.5
744.5
271.4
233.1
714.2
61.9
300.3

162.5
1,421.8
542.9
66.6
741.4
271.9
234.4
713.3
61.9
300.4

166.0
1,413.8
544.0
66.3
747.4
270.3
232.9
718.9
61.8
301.2

163.5
1,426.2
541.1
66.6
740.5
268.2
234.6
706.7
62.8
301.5

163.3
1,425.4
550.9
68.3
744.0
268.5
236.7
710.3
62.1
301.3

163.1
1,418.1
550.3
68.2
752.8
269.8
237.3
727.6
61.5
301.3

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

66.8
363.5
1,394.3

66.8
364.6
1,397.3
161.0
43.5
602.0
433.3
135.1
361.7
57.6

66.7
365.1
1,395.4
162.0
43.5
601.5
431.5
135.5
362.4
57.8

67.4
365.1
1,389.6
161.1
43.4
597.5
433.5
134.8
363.0
58.0

67.4
365.2
1,393.4
161.6
44.1
598.1
436.9
135.0
360.2
57.8

67.3
365.9
1,390.7
161.2
44.4
602.4
432.7
134.6
363.1
57.2

67.5
366.2
1,394.9
162.0
44.1
603.3
435.1
133.6
362.8
57.3

67.7
366.4
1,398.0
162.1
44.9
602.1
434.6
140.5
362.0
57.6

68.5
368.9
1,394.8
162.7
44.7
603.5
437.0
133.9
362.6
57.5

68.8
365.4
1,414.3
162.1
43.1
602.1
438.1
132.4
366.0
57.1

68.6
366.5
1,427.2
162.9
43.0
604.0
439.8
135.7
361.7
58.2

69.1
367.0
1,428.8
164.0
43.9
601.5
438.0
137.7
362.8
57.6

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

1
2

160.3
43.7
601.1
429.6
134.9
361.2
57.7

Includes mining, not shown separately.
Mining is combined with construction.




212.8
50.6
277.4

909.2
575.0

359.2
213.4
385.5
77.0
154.3
94.0
75.4
566.4
164.2
1,416.4

551.6
67.3
749.3
268.0
238.6
725.5
61.3
300.1

68.9
366.6
1,429.1
163.2

43.9
601.3
436.7
136.3
361.7
57.7

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: All State data have been adjusted to March 1993 benchmarks.

67

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1993

1994

Industry
Nov.
Total private

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.1

Nov.p

34.6

34.5

34.8

34.3

34.6

34.7

34.8

34.6

34.6

34.4

34.6

34.9

34.6

Mining

44.3

44.1

44.2

44.1

44.4

45.0

44.5

44.8

45.4

44.7

45.0

44.8

44.5

Construction

0

Manufacturing
Overtime hours

41.7
4.4

41.7
4.4

41.7
4.5

41.3
4.5

42.1
4.7

42.2
4.8

42.1
4.7

42.0
4.7

42.0
4.6

42.0
4.6

42.0
4.7

42.1
4.7

42.1
4.7

Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

42.5
4.7
41.4
40.7
43.3
44.1
44.0
42.5
43.2
42.0
43.8
45.9
41.0
39.8

42.5
4.7
41.2
40.2
43.1
44.2
44.2
42.5
43.3
41.9
44.1
46.1
41.2
39.9

42.7
4.8
41.7
40.2
43.3
44.2
43.9
42.6
43.4
42.1
44.0
46.2
41.4
40.1

42.2
4.9
40.6
39.0
42.3
44.2
44.3
42.3
43.1
41.7
44.0
46.3
41.0
38.9

43.0
5.0
41.3
40.6
43.6
44.6
44.7
42.8
43.9
42.4
44.5
46.5
41.7
40.1

43.0
5.2
41.4
40.3
43.4
44.9
45.1
43.0
43.9
42.6
44.6
46.1
41.6
40.4

42.9
5.0
41.4
40.3
43.7
44.8
45.1
42.8
43.8
42.3
44.3
45.8
41.9
40.2

42.8
5.0
41.3
40.8
43.6
44.3
44.4
42.6
43.8
42.2
44.0
45.2
41.6
40.2

42.6
4.9
41.1
40.5
43.5
44.4
44.8
42.6
43.6
42.2
43.3
44.1
42.1
40.3

42.8
5.0
41.2
40.4
43.4
44.7
45.0
42.8
43.4
42.3
44.4
45.9
41.8
39.9

42.8
5.0
40.9
40.7
43.6
44.9
45.3
43.0
43.7
42.0
44.2
45.8
41.7
39.9

42.9
5.0
41.4
40.7
43.5
44.9
45.3
42.9
43.7
42.3
44.2
45.7
41.8
39.9

43.0
5.0
41.2
40.4
43.6
45.2
45.5
43.2
43.9
42.1
44.5
46.4
41.8
40.1

Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

40.6
4.0
40.7
(2)
41.8
37.1
43.7
38.4
43.0
(2)
42.0
38.5

40.6
4.0
40.7
(2)
41.8
37.1
43.7
38.3
43.1
(2)
42.0
38.5

40.6
4.1
40.7

41.0
4.3
41.2
(2)
42.2
37.6

41.1
4.3

41.0
4.2

40.9
4.2
41.3

41.1
4.3
41.3

41.0
4.3
41.3
2
()

(2)
42.4

41.1
(2)
41.8
37.8
44.0
38.8
43.4
(2)
42.2

41.1
4.3
41.7
2
()

41.0
4.3

41.2
(2)
42.0
38.0
44.0
38.8
43.2

41.0
4.3
41.3

(2)
41.9

40.1
4.1
40.8
(2)
40.4
35.8
43.2
38.0
42.8
(2)
41.6

41.6
37.6
44.3
38.6
43.5
(2)
42.2

41.5
37.7
44.1
38.5
43.2
(2)
42.2

38.6

37.7

38.6

39.0

38.4

37.9

39.7

39.7

Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade

38.2
28.8

(2)
41.5
36.9
43.7
38.3
43.2

44.1
38.4
43.3
(2)
42.6

39.7

39.8

40.2

40.0

38.5

38.1

38.3

38.4

38.5

29.0

28.6

28.9

29.0

29.0

32.8

32.3

32.4

32.5

32.8

28.8

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1




41.3
(2)
41.5
37.6
38.7
43.1
(2)
42.4

(2)
41.8
37.6
44.2
38.8
43.5
(2)
42.5

38.6

38.8

39.2

39.9

39.6

39.9

40.1

38.3

38.1

38.2

38.6

29.0

28.9

28.8

29.2

32.5

32.2

32.5

32.8

38.4
29.0

43.9

41.5
37.6
43.9
38.7
43.4

O
42.4
38.5
39.7
38.4
28.9

0
32.5

32.4

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular

68

41.9
37.8
44.0
38.8
43.3
(2)
42.2
38.3

0

39.9

40.1
38.1

0

32.4

32.5

components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1982 = 100)
1993

1994

Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

Total private

125.8

125.9

127.1

125.6

127.3

128.2

129.1

128.8

129.3

128.9

129.7

131.1

130.5

Goods-producing

104.9

105.1

105.3

103.9

106.7

107.3

107.4

107.5

107.6

107.8

108.3

108.5

109.2

53.8

55.1

54.6

54.3

54.5

54.9

54.2

55.1

55.7

55.2

55.7

55.6

54.7

Construction

128.8

128.8

128.5

124.5

131.0

132.7

134.8

134.0

135.2

134.2

136.0

134.8

137.6

Manufacturing

103.3

103.3

103.7

102.8

104.9

105.4

105.1

105.3

105.2

105.7

105.8

106.4

106.7

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

101.2
128.7
123.5
104.4
86.6
71.6
104.4
93.1
101.4
111.9
142.9
75.0
100.0

101.6
128.7
122.6
104.2
86.8
71.7
104.8
93.7
101.6
112.9
145.2
75.0
100.6

102.3
131.6
122.9
105.2

101.4
128.2
119.2

104.0
131.3
123.5
107.3

103.8
131.6
124.2
107.8

104.0
131.7
126.0
107.8
88.3

71.6
105.1
94.2
101.2
113.7
149.4
74.5
97.4

88.5
70.8
107.8

88.5

71.3
105.6
94.4
101.8
113.8
149.4
75.2
100.8

103.3
130.4
124.8
106.5
88.1
71.6
106.7
96.1
103.2
114.8
150.3
75.6
100.8

70.8
107.6
96.9
103.8
114.6
147.9

104.7
132.0
125.1
107.6
89.6
71.5
109.1
97.3
105.5
116.3
153.5
74.2
102.1

104.9
131.0
126.0
107.8
90.7
72.4
109.6
98.4
105.3
116.2
154.1
74.0
101.0

105.6
133.1
126.0
108.1
91.6
72.8
110.3
98.8
106.0
117.2
155.7

106.2
133.3
125.7
108.9
92.5
73.1
110.5
99.6
106.2
118.7
158.3

75.4
101.0

70.5
107.9
97.5
104.3
114.5
147.7
74.3
101.4

103.7
131.3
125.7
107.8
88.9
71.6
108.0
97.2
104.2
111.9
143.7
75.1
102.8

73.8
101.8

73.8
102.3

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

106.0
112.5
59.6
99.2

105.8
112.3

105.7
112.0

104.7

107.1
114.1

107.4
113.6
62.0
99.8
89.3

107.0

107.1
113.5
58.7

107.2
114.7
55.7

107.0

113.2
60.3
99.2
88.9

107.0
113.3
59.9
97.8

107.5
113.0
60.0
98.8
88.3

107.4
113.9
58.7
98.5
87.5

111.1

111.1

125.5

125.1
101.6

Mining

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

Services
1

87.0

102.8
87.3

101.5
81.8
134.7

112.7
54.2
96.2
84.0
109.1
122.6
100.6
79.7
134.7

55.0

55.2

53.9

54.6

55.7

135.2

135.2

136.9

135.3

136.6

117.9

117.6

118.9

117.9

112.8

112.6

114.0

123.7

124.1

121.8
158.9

88.2
110.2

56.8

57.1

99.0

98.6

87.4

86.6
110.4
123.5

123.8
101.4
80.9
133.7

110.2
123.2
101.6
79.9
134.1

55.0

58.3
100.6
88.4
111.2
124.1
101.4
80.4
138.3

99.4
88.8
111.1
125.7

98.3
88.0
111.9
125.3

113.6

60.0
98.3
88.5
111.4
125.3

88.3
110.4

111.8

111.5

126.3
102.0

81.0

138.6

101.9
80.5
139.2

125.8
100.9
84.0

139.5

140.8

141.9

125.6
102.1
79.8
142.5

53.7

53.5

52.4

54.0

53.6

53.6

53.2

137.6

138.8

138.4

139.0

138.3

139.4

141.2

140.1

118.6

118.4

119.8

119.6

119.6

118.8

119.8

120.4

119.5

113.1

113.9

114.5

114.8

114.9

114.6

114.7

115.2

116.5

116.1

125.1

123.6

125.4

126.4

126.6

127.3

128.0

127.6

127.5

129.6

128.2

121.3

124.3

121.7

121.5

122.0

123.6

121.8

122.4

120.4

120.9

123.7

121.1

158.9

161.2

159.3

160.8

162.5

164.6

163.5

164.6

163.8

165.9

167.9

167.0

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.




96.9
104.6
115.3
149.5
75.2
101.9

Nov.

101.3
82.1
138.3

78.7
138.4

101.6
80.1

100.6

81.4

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are
subject to revision.

69

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ALL-EMPLOYEE HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1

Percent change

industry

Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ....
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government




Sept. 1994
to
Oct1994 r

Oct. 1994
to
Nov. 1994P

Oct.
1994r

Nov.
1994P

211,667

213,188

211,645

2.6

.7

173,263

175,020

174,307

3.4

1.0

-.4

1,421
10,083
39,316
22,705
16,611
12,181
12,107
30,656
12,560
54,940

1,400

-.2
6.4
2.1
3.1
.8
1.3
2.9
3.8
-.4
5.1

-1.5

39,469
22,800
16,669
12,241
12,248
31,145
12,843
55,686

1,384
10,183
39,585
22,925
16,660
12,148
12,202
30,863
12,560
55,382

1.2
1.6
2.3
1.4

-1.1
2.0
.3
.5
-.1
-.8
-.4
-.9
-2.2
-.5

38,404

38,169

37,338

-.7

-.6

-2.2

1
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted, multiplied
by 52.
p
= preliminary.
r
= revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,

70

Nov. 1993
to
Nov. 1994p

Sept.
1994r

-.9
.4
.4
.4
.5

-.7

nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers-—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2414,
chapter 10, "Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors".
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202—606-5606).

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1

B-11. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, seasonally adjusted
1993

1994

Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.p

Average hourly earnings
Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime2
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Total private (in constant dollars)3

$10.94 $10.96 $11.02 $11.03 $11.02 $11.05 $11.09 $11.08 $11.11

$11.13 $11.17 $11.24 $11.22

14.51
14.46
11.87
11.28
13.70
11.80
7.35
11.58
10.88

14.68
14.41
11.93
11.32
13.73
11.82
7.37
11.61
10.89

14.88
14.43
11.95
11.34
13.80
11.92
7.41
11.73
10.97

14.81
14.54
12.01
11.40
13.82
11.88
7.42
11.67
10.96

14.77
14.47
12.00
11.37
13.79
11.88
7.43
11.69
10.95

14.87
14.52
12.00
11.33
13.77
11.95
7.45
11.77
10.99

14.83
14.60
12.00
11.37
13.80
11.98
7.47
11.83
11.04

14.73
14.67
12.03
11.40
13.78
11.99
7.47
11.74
11.03

14.80
14.75
12.05
11.42
13.84
12.02
7.48
11.80
11.06

14.82
14.72
12.08
11.43
13.87
12.01
7.50
11.80
11.08

14.94
14.82
12.12
11.46
13.89
12.04
7.52
11.89
11.12

15.01
14.90
12.14
11.50
14.04
12.19
7.56
12.04
11.22

7.39

7.40

7.43

7.42

7.39

7.40

7.42

7.39

7.38

7.36

7.38

7.42

14.98
14.81
12.17
11.47
14.05
12.10
7.55
11.94
11.16

O

Average weekly earnings
Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1982) dollars 3 .

378.52 378.12 383.50 378.33 381.29 383.44 385.93 383.37 384.41 382.87 386.48 392.28 388.21
255.76 255.14 258.60 254.60 255.73 256.83 258.15 255.58 255.25 253.22 255.27 258.93

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time
and one-half.
3
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical




Workers (CPI-W) is used
4
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment
1993 benchmark levels.
all seasonally adjusted
revision.

to deflate these series.

survey estimates are currently projected from March
When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
data from January 1990 forward are subject to

71

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)
All employees

1987
Industry

SIC
Code

Total

Oct.

Nov.

1993

1993

Sept.
1994

Production workers

Oct.

1994P

Nov.

1994P

111,977 112,279 114,691 115,262 115,680

Mining

612

611

612

608

606

Metal mining ...
Iron ores
Copper ores.

10
101
102

50.6
10.2
15.1

50.1
10.0
15.2

51.6
11.3
15.4

51.3
11.1
15.5

51.5

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining .

12
122

97.8
89.9

98.3
90.5

112.8
105.3

112.9
105.2

113.1

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas ...
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

359.6
169.1
185.6

359.5
169.3
185.0

343.0
162.6
174.0

340.2
160.3
173.5

338.4

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels .
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals....

14
142
144
147

104.1
39.5
34.2
12.7

102.6
39.2
33.4
12.6

104.6
40.3
33.9
12.8

104.0
40.1
33.4
12.9

103.0

4,947

4,848

5,264

5,239

Construction.
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

15
152
153
154

Heavy construction, except building ....
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway.

16
161
162

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning .
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work ..

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

Durable goods.

F urniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture .
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
See footnotes at end of table.

72




Sept.
1994

-

-

-

Oct.

1994P
-

Nov.

1994P
-

433

431

440

439

438

41.8

_
-

40.7

40.3

42.0

8.4

8.2

9.4

9.2

12.5

12.6

12.8

12.9

76.2
69.7

75.8
69.3

91.5
85.3

91.6
85.2

_

236.9
82.8
150.4

237.4
83.3
150.1

226.3
81.7
140.7

226.0
81.3
140.8

_
-

79.1
31.1

77.8
30.8

79.8
31.6

79.5
31.4

_
-

_
-

-

-

_
_
-

5,170

3,865

3,767

4,128

4,106

4,033

1,159.8 1,151.4 1,222.8 1,224.0 1,219.3
_
572.2 569.0 609.4 607.3
28.5
28.5
30.6
30.5
559.1 553.9 582.8 586.2
-

830.0
391.7
12.1
426.2

821.9
389.2
12.1
420.6

878.3
419.8
13.0
445.5

880.7
418.8
13.1
448.8

_
-

758.6

666.3
224.0
442.3

628.4
201.5
426.9

681.9
232.8
449.1

673.2
224.2
449.0

_
-

3,001.0 2,949.7 3,238.7 3,222.2 3,192.2 2,368.7 2,316.3 2,568.1 2,551.6
653.2 646.6 692.9 691.0
482.0 474.3 512.1 509.2
_
181.3 173.0 197.3 197.4
153.2 144.6 165.3 165.8
539.9 540.7 584.1 589.1
420.5 421.3 459.7 463.3
429.5 421.2 487.9 482.9
369.7 361.1 421.8 417.1
203.7 202.2 242.4 240.6
154.0 152.5 186.3 184.0
223.2 220.9 234.8 236.5
181.5 178.8 190.2 191.3
-

_
-

785.8
264.3
521.5

747.2
241.7
505.5

802.6
275.3
527.3

793.2
266.3
526.9

-

_
_
_
-

-

-

18,041 18,006 18,249 18,238 18,253 12,358 12,334 12,628 12,617 12,613

Manufacturing .

:

Nov.

1993

92,844 92,997 95,811 95,863 96,090 75,698 75,846 78,333 78,386 78,561

Total private.

Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

Oct.

1993

24
241
242

2421
2426
243

2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245

2451
249
25
251

2511
2512
2514
2515

10,171 10,176 10,356 10,373 10,414

6,839

6,849

7,068

7,085

7,108

592.3
68.7
157.6
125.6
30.3
205.2
81.5
55.5
20.3
25.5
38.7
53.7
43.0
68.4

588.7
66.5
157.1
124.9
30.5
204.6
81.6
55.7
20.3
24.9
38.7
53.7
43.3
68.1

618.6
65.6
161.0
127.8
31.4
218.3
86.1
61.0
21.1
25.7
40.6
61.2
49.0
71.9

616.0
64.1
160.2
126.6
31.8
217.9
86.7
60.9
21.4
25.1
40.5
61.7
49.4
71.6

613.9

388.3
233.4
105.3
76.6
17.9
22.5

389.1
235.0
106.0
77.7
18.3
22.2

396.5
234.1
104.6
77.6
17.6
23.8

398.3
235.8
105.3
78.0
18.4
23.6

399.1

717.1
83.4
181.8
145.0
34.7
254.9
104.3
69.4
23.8
28.2
45.6
67.9
51.5
83.5

713.4
80.9
180.9
144.0
34.8
254.7
104.6
69.9
23.7
27.7
45.6
67.8
51.8
83.5

747.5
79.4
185.7
147.6
35.9
270.9
109.9
75.8
24.5
28.8
47.7
75.8
58.2
88.0

745.2
77.9
185.0
146.5
36.3
270.6
110.6
75.8
24.7
28.2
47.8
76.4
58.7
87.5

744.1

490.3
279.1
122.7
91.6
21.9
29.5

491.1
280.5
123.2
92.7
22.3
29.1

500.2
280.2
122.5
92.2
21.7
30.9

502.6
282.6
123.1
92.9
22.6
30.8

503.1

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures—Continued
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

1987
SIC
Code

Allemployees
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Production workers

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

252
253
254
259

61.6
37.3
76.7
35.6

61.9
37.4
75.6
35.7

63.6
38.9
81.3
36.2

63.3
38.7
81.5
36.5

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

526.1
14.6
77.6
35.0
42.6
60.1
17.8
32.4
39.4
196.4
16.8
64.0
98.8
74.2
19.4
2.9
22.3

522.1
14.6
76.7
34.7
42.0
59.3
17.8
32.2
39.5
194.8
16.6
63.4
97.9
73.7
19.3
2.9
22.1

543.0
15.0
75.0
31.5
43.5
61.7
17.6
33.0
41.1
209.5
17.9
68.4
106.0
76.5
19.7
2.8
23.4

542.6
14.9
74.7
31.6
43.1
62.3
17.5
33.2
41.2
208.4
17.9
68.3
105.1
76.9
19.8
2.8
23.4

541.1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

676.5
236.5
172.6
25.3
118.7
75.8
5.2
24.4
40.7
23.3
160.3
21.6
23.9
68.6
78.5
22.4

678.4
237.7
173.5
25.5
119.5
76.7
5.3
24.4
40.3
23.0
160.1
21.7
24.0
68.5
78.8
22.6

694.6
234.3
170.1
25.2
127.2
79.8
5.9
26.6
39.8
22.3
165.2
22.4
22.8
73.3
85.4
24.8

696.6
234.3
170.0
25.2
128.1
80.6
5.8
26.8
39.7
22.2
165.3
22.0
22.7
73.6
86.2
24.7

699.2
234.2
_
_
_
_

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469

_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
-

1,340.2 1,342.3 1,382.5 1,388.9 1,395.5
40.4
40.6
39.9
40.8
_
32.5
32.6
32.2
33.0
_
124.0 124.4 128.4 129.5
42.5
42.6
43.5
44.2
69.7
70.0
72.8
73.1
57.3
57.6
60.1
60.1
_
24.0
24.3
24.2
24.1
20.1
20.2
22.1
22.3
_
398.6 396.8 409.0 411.0
67.3
66.8
68.8
69.2
_
76.9
72.8
73.0
76.6
97.0
95.8
95.3
95.3
_
98.9
98.9 102.8 103.5
25.9
26.8
25.8
26.6
91.8
92.0
95.9
96.4
_
46.4
49.9
46.6
49.3
45.4
45.4
46.5
46.6
_
222.6 223.9 232.1
233.8
_
28.9
29.0
30.0
29.8
_
101.9 102.6 106.5 107.4
85.3
80.8
81.3
84.7
-

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

45.2
29.7
56.4
23.6

45.4
29.6
55.3
23.8

46.4
31.0
60.3
24.7

46.1
31.0
60.4
25.0

407.2
11.2
65.3
31.3
34.0
45.6
13.6
25.0
30.9
150.2
10.7
48.0
78.2
55.4
14.5
2.3
-

403.8
11.3
64.3
31.0
33.3
45.0
13.6
24.7
31.1
148.8
10.6
47.4
77.3
55.3
14.6
2.3
-

420.4
11.6
62.1
28.2
33.9
46.5
13.5
25.7
32.9
160.9
11.6
51.5
84.3
57.5
15.1
2.3
-

419.1
11.6
61.2
28.2
33.0
47.1
13.3
25.7
33.0
160.1
11.6
51.4
83.5
57.3
14.9
2.3
-

417.9
_
_
-

516.8
180.6
133.0
18.5
95.0
61.1
4.2
19.4
30.8
18.2
117.0
16.4
16.0
50.2
63.2
18.2

518.1
181.1
133.2
18.7
95.6
61.9
4.2
19.4
30.5
18.0
116.9
16.5
16.2
50.2
63.6
18.3

535.8
178.6
130.7
18.6
103.4
65.5
4.5
21.6
30.1
17.5
123.0
17.3
16.1
54.1
69.5
20.4

538.4
178.8
130.7
18.7
104.3
66.2
4.4
21.8
29.9
17.3
123.6
17.1
16.1
54.6
70.1
20.3

540.8
178.9
_
-

992.8
34.7
28.3
92.2
32.1
52.0
41.3
17.7
13.5
285.2
47.6
53.4
66.6
74.9
18.3
70.3
37.6
32.7
178.4
22.1
86.4
61.9

996.0 1,036.3 1,042.9 1,036.9
34.7
34.7
34.0
27.8
_
28.5
28.3
97.8
_
97.2
92.8
32.4
33.6
34.0
52.3
55.3
55.5
41.6
43.7
43.9
18.2
18.2
_
18.0
13.5
15.1
15.3
_
284.8 297.0 298.8
47.5
49.9
50.1
57.1
57.4
_
53.5
66.3
66.9
67.0
74.9
78.3
78.9
19.2
19.0
18.2
70.6
75.0
75.6
40.6
37.8
40.1
32.8
34.9
35.0
_
179.1
186.3 187.9
23.3
_
22.2
23.1
90.7
_
89.9
86.8
62.1
65.2
65.8
-

-

-

See footnotes at end of table.




73

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

1987
SIC
Code

347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634

See footnotes at end of table.

74




3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

Production workers1

Allemployees
Oct.
1993

116.4
72.8
43.6
56.9
33.6
232.2
24.7
54.0

Nov.
1993

117.1
73.1
44.0
56.2
33.2
233.7
25.0
54.1

Sept.
1994

121.2
75.2
46.0
53.3
30.4
241.7
24.8
55.7

Oct.
1994P

122.1
75.6
46.5
53.4
30.5
242.7
24.8
55.8

Nov.
1994P

_
_
_
-

Oct.
1993

90.8
56.7
34.1
31.7
16.2
168.2
18.2
41.2

Nov.
1993

91.4
56.9
34.5
31.2
15.9
169.8
18.4
41.3

Sept.
1994

95.1
58.8
36.3
29.4
13.8
177.9
18.4
42.7

Oct.
1994P

96.0
59.2
36.8
29.7
14.1
179.2
18.6
43.1

Nov.
1994P

-

1,907.6 1,914.0 1,951.8 1,952.6 1,962.6 1,159.5 1,166.6 1,218.7 1,220.2 1,227.9
_
56.0
55.8
55.1
87.8
54.6
88.1
87.4
87.5
_
16.5
16.5
16.4
16.4
28.2
28.2
28.4
28.2
_
38.6
39.3
39.6
38.2
59.2
59.6
59.3
59.7
71.3
72.4
75.9
76.3
98.2
99.6 103.0 103.3
_
55.0
52.1
55.0
51.8
76.4
76.3
73.1
73.6
_
129.0 129.3 130.9 132.0
209.3 209.8 205.9 206.8
_
48.8
47.7
48.2
48.2
72.7
77.5
72.3
78.0
_
8.6
8.6
8.9
8.9
15.2
14.7
14.7
15.1
38.4
36.8
36.5
25.2
25.0
24.7
24.5
38.2
_
21.7
20.2
21.3
20.2
37.8
35.8
36.0
37.5
_
17.5
19.0
19.5
17.5
29.0
26.5
26.6
28.5
_
215.2 216.4 226.0 227.3
306.9 307.8 319.6 321.7
_
23.5
22.3
23.3
22.1
38.2
36.3
36.6
37.9
_
10.1
10.2
9.4
9.5
16.1
15.2
16.0
15.3
_
109.9 110.4 115.0 115.1
144.1
144.8 150.2 151.3
_
33.4
35.3
35.8
33.3
50.6
50.9
48.2
48.4
23.8
_
16.0
16.1
15.9
16.0
23.8
23.9
23.9
_
90.0
85.0
89.3
84.2
148.5 148.9 153.7 154.7
_
10.4
10.4
9.9
10.0
15.3
15.7
15.2
15.6
_
10.4
10.7
11.0
10.9
20.6
20.6
20.6
20.6
_
14.5
14.3
13.4
13.6
23.4
23.5
22.5
22.7
_
147.8 148.3 154.3 155.1
234.3 234.4 241.8 242.3
30.1
_
16.7
16.4
16.9
16.8
30.1
30.2
30.2
_
_
29.2
28.8
29.2
28.8
36.8
36.8
36.6
36.6
_
14.7
13.1
14.6
12.9
26.2
26.3
24.8
24.9
_
22.1
22.9
23.0
33.8
22.1
33.7
32.6
32.6
15.4
10.8
10.7
10.7
10.7
15.4
15.4
15.3
_
_
13.4
13.4
12.8
20.1
12.5
19.0
20.1
18.9
_
_
115.2 115.8 117.3 114.6
348.1
348.1
335.6 330.3
203.4 203.6 192.1
186.9
52.7
52.7
55.4
52.7
52.9
177.8
120.2
297.0
20.5
234.4

52.8
179.2
121.7
298.1
20.6
235.2

53.2
196.2
135.3
308.6
22.1
242.6

52.8
194.1
132.9
311.6
22.5
245.2

_
_
_
-

1,521.2 1,526.9 1,568.2 1,570.0 1,580.5
_
80.2
79.8
80.0
80.8
40.0
40.4
40.5
40.5
_
40.2
39.4
40.3
39.5
_
154.6 155.0 160.0 160.1
_
79.9
80.0
76.6
76.8
_
60.5
60.1
59.2
59.3
121.0 122.7 126.2 123.5
_
31.5
27.5
29.1
29.8
_
17.7
16.0
17.6
16.2
30.6
29.7
30.1
29.8
-

_
_
-

22.0
124.7
88.3
217.5
16.5
176.5

21.9
126.0
89.6
218.3
16.6
177.1

975.3
55.3
28.8
26.5
108.3
59.3
35.4
97.4
25.3
12.5
23.7

979.0 1,012.9 1,013.9 1,024.2
55.7
57.3
56.7
29.0
30.4
29.8
_
26.7
26.9
26.9
108.3 112.8 113.0
62.4
_
59.2
62.5
35.5
36.1
35.9
_
99.2 103.9 101.1
_
28.0
25.9
23.6
_
15.4
12.8
15.0
24.4
23.8
23.9
-

20.0
141.0
102.0
228.2
18.4
183.6

19.6
138.5
99.5
230.4
18.5
185.7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Allemployees

1987

SIC

Industry

oode
Durable goods—Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

,

;

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

Oct.
1993

172.1
21.7
61.3
19.4
19.2
84.3
60.1
234.8
108.0
522.5
24.2
214.3
125.9
152.1
26.2
66.1

Nov.
1993

173.1
21.7
61.8
19.3
19.3
84.5
60.3
235.1
108.6
524.0
24.2
215.5
126.1
152.5
26.1
66.7

Sept.
1994

180.6
22.7
64.2
19.8
20.0
87.9
61.4
236.1
107.2
542.3
24.9
226.6
127.5
154.3
26.1
68.9

Production workers

Oct.
1994P

181.3
23.0
64.6
19.8
20.1
88.4
61.6
237.6
107.6
544.2
24.6
227.4
127.5
154.7
26.4
69.0

Nov.
1994P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Oct.
1993

125.0
17.1
41.0
14.2
14.6
56.4
38.4
119.6
59.1
306.3
16.2
90.9
82.4
107.0
20.3
51.2

Nov.
1993

125.4
17.2
41.5
14.1
14.7
56.5
38.5
120.3
59.5
306.2
16.2
90.9
82.5
107.4
20.2
51.7

Sept.
1994

130.5
17.2
43.3
14.9
14.8
59.3
39.3
119.9
58.3
320.4
16.5
99.5
84.0
108.8
20.5
53.5

Oct.
1994P

130.9
17.4
43.7
14.9
14.9
59.5
39.3
120.5
58.9
323.2
16.3
100.2
84.6
109.0
20.7
53.3

Nov.
1994P

-

1,729.7 1,730.5 1,734.5 1,738.7 1,752.6 1,102.0 1,107.0 1,139.4 1,143.9 1,157.0
641.0 647.2 700.2 704.2 710.9
839.6 846.4 903.0 906.7 916.1
_
228.9 230.2 250.7 251.7
322.4 324.9 346.3 347.6
27.9
29.9
29.8
_
27.9
37.0
34.5
35.1
37.3
345.7 350.5 378.5 381.2
_
433.6 438.7 468.6 471.0
26.6
_
26.1
25.1
24.7
32.4
32.0
30.9
30.8
522.7 517.1 468.4 467.5 466.7 240.8 238.4 215.8 214.5
105.1
_
104.3
117.8 117.1
292.5 289.8 264.6 264.2
50.8
46.1
_
50.8
45.9
92.2
92.8
105.7 105.1
70.5
64.6
_
72.2
64.3
124.5 122.2 111.0 111.1
_
120.3 120.5 121.4 122.6
155.2 155.4 158.0 159.0
83.4
77.1
_
11.1
82.8
105.2 105.7
109.6 110.1
37.1
44.3
_
37.5
44.9
53.3
52.8
45.3
45.6
22.7
24.5
_
22.4
25.1
33.6
30.5
30.1
32.8
_
29.7
33.8
30.0
33.8
118.7 117.5 105.5 104.8
22.5
19.2
_
19.2
22.4
74.4
74.8
84.3
85.2
31.3
34.4
_
30.8
34.5
49.0
48.9
45.9
45.9
15.9
18.1
15.5
18.1
21.8
2i.8
19.5
19.1
-

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

880.9
199.0
276.8
41.9
59.1
70.5
268.8
111.5
95.2
39.0
88.7
8.6

877.5
197.2
276.6
42.0
58.7
70.4
267.8
111.0
94.8
39.0
88.4
8.5

849.0
176.5
276.0
43.7
58.3
68.7
264.4
108.4
94.7
37.1
86.3
8.7

846.2
174.5
276.2
43.6
58.1
68.8
263.7
107.9
94.8
36.7
86.3
8.8

847.6
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

430.0
62.7
141.3
27.5
27.9
33.4
154.3
66.1
60.4
26.5
38.3
6.9

429.0
62.3
141.1
27.7
27.5
33.3
154.3
66.2
60.3
26.4
38.1
6.8

414.9
53.4
141.0
28.8
27.5
31.8
151.5
64.7
59.9
24.0
37.9
7.1

413.9
53.3
140.9
28.7
27.5
31.7
151.1
64.5
59.9
23.6
37.8
7.2

414.0
-

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

381.7
52.8
39.5
13.3
110.4
45.0
65.4
33.0
30.2
18.9
142.0
58.2

379.5
52.5
39.4
13.3
111.0
45.2
65.8
32.8
30.0
18.8
139.9
57.6

384.2
51.9
39.1
13.7
111.5
44.0
67.5
31.3
30.1
18.9
145.7
59.4

389.4
53.0
40.1
13.8
113.5
44.7
68.8
31.3
30.5
19.3
147.3
59.9

387.3
_
_
_
_
_
-

274.6
38.0
28.4
10.8
79.3
31.7
47.6
22.1
23.1
14.3
101.3
39.6

271.8
37.8
28.3
10.7
79.5
31.6
47.9
21.9
22.9
14.2
99.0
39.0

274.3
36.1
27.1
11.1
79.4
29.7
49.7
21.1
21.9
13.5
104.7
40.2

278.1
37.3
28.1
11.1
81.2
30.4
50.8
21.1
22.0
13.7
105.4
40.3

276.1
-

See footnotes at end of table.




75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

All employees
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Production workers

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

7,870 7,830 7,893 7,865 7,839 5,519 5,485 5,560 5,532 5,505
1,723.5 1,684.1 1,739.2 1,704.7 1,678.2 1,271.1 1,236.4 1,291.4 1,257.2 1,232.4
382.5 381.8 383.2
381.1
447.0 448.3 449.0 450.8
114.0
_
116.6 116.5 113.9
137.9 137.6 134.6 135.5
69.8
70.4
70.2
90.7
91.3
69.4
90.9
90.0
195.8 197.5 199.4
224.6
195.1
219.8 223.1
219.1
95.8
96.6
_
96.3
96.0
151.3
152.8 152.5 152.1
33.0
33.0
40.7
33.1
40.6
33.1
41.0
40.9
36.3
36.4
36.7
36.4
68.3
68.3
69.9
69.9
219.7
259.1
260.3
227.7 197.1
268.5 237.7 301.1
19.0
20.5
19.0
22.8
24.2
20.6
24.4
23.0
73.0
61.7 110.0
86.6
77.3
91.4
75.3 125.0
48.8
49.3
42.8
54.6
55.2
51.7
57.7
48.9
90.0
90.0
92.9
93.9
130.3 128.6 125.7 125.9
_
13.7
_
13.5
14.5
14.6
19.8
19.5
20.6
21.1
26.3
_
26.1
26.8
41.7
41.6
27.0
41.6
42.1
139.0 140.5 140.6 140.4
213.2 214.9 213.3 213.0
91.1
91.6
91.5
90.3
151.0 152.6 150.9 150.3
62.2
118.2
7.6
4.9
17.1
58.4
32.2
179.5
39.4
94.8
181.8

62.3
115.6
8.7
4.9
13.1
59.4
31.6
Mil
39.0
94.6
177.2

62.4
106.1
7.0
4.6
11.5
54.6
31.7
179.5
37.4
96.7
180.7

62.7
116.6
7.6
4.5
17.2
58.5
32.4
177.4
37.3
95.7
177.0

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

48.7
94.5
6.0
3.5
15.3
47.5
21.5
82.3
24.3
35.9
135.1

49.0
92.2
7.0
3.5
11.5
48.7
21.7
81.8
24.5
36.0
131.4

49.0
83.8
5.1
3.3
10.2
44.1
21.2
85.1
24.6
37.7
133.2

49.3
92.9
5.8
3.2
15.4
47.1
21.9
83.9
24.4
37.2
129.4

_
_
_
_
-

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

44.0
28.5

43.6
28.6

40.6
26.1

40.9
26.0

40.1
-

33.6
21.5

33.4
21.6

32.1
20.5

32.3
20.4

31.7
-

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yam spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

674.7
84.4
70.0
17.2
22.0
200.6
27.2
39.3
59.6
25.9
26.9
71.7
32.9
24.5
60.5
96.4
75.3
14.2
51.9

672.9
84.5
69.6
17.0
21.9
199.0
27.1
39.8
58.2
25.3
26.8
71.6
33.2
24.1
60.6
97.1
75.7
14.4
51.6

674.0
83.9
69.9
17.4
22.9
195.9
24.4
40.2
56.9
24.3
27.5
72.6
33.3
24.5
64.6
94.5
73.0
14.2
52.3

674.1
83.7
70.2
17.1
23.0
196.3
24.4
40.6
56.9
24.4
27.4
72.9
33.4
24.6
64.5
94.2
72.5
14.4
52.2

674.9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

573.9
74.9
59.2
14.5
18.5
173.4
23.9
35.3
51.7
22.3
22.6
58.8
27.4
19.5
48.5
86.1
67.8
12.3
40.0

572.7
75.1
58.8
14.4
18.4
171.9
23.8
35.8
50.2
21.9
22.5
58.9
27.7
19.2
48.6
86.9
68.4
12.4
39.7

572.1
74.2
59.2
14.7
19.3
168.9
21.2
35.6
49.0
21.4
23.3
59.6
27.5
19.7
51.4
84.0
65.7
12.2
40.8

571.9
73.9
59.7
14.5
19.4
168.9
21.1
35.8
49.0
21.4
23.2
59.9
27.6
19.8
51.5
83.5
65.0
12.4
40.6

572.3
-

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339

978.6
42.1
271.6
63.5
81.1
42.3
295.2
30.3
50.7
36.2
178.0

974.2
42.3
271.9
63.1
80.9
42.7
290.4
30.1
48.9
34.2
177.2

963.8
40.1
263.7
60.1
79.3
41.4
287.4
29.2
46.3
32.8
179.1

963.5
40.0
263.2
59.8
79.3
41.4
287.3
28.9
46.3
30.8
181.3

954.4

820.5
35.1
234.6
54.6
71.0
37.0
246.5
24.4
40.7
30.2
151.2

816.8
35.1
234.6
54.3
70.6
37.4
242.0
24.2
38.8
28.2
150.8

806.7
33.4
227.1
51.3
68.8
36.1
239.4
23.5
36.8
26.8
152.3

807.1
33.1
227.1
51.1
68.8
36.3
239.7
23.1
37.0
25.0
154.6

799.7
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.

76




_
_
_
_
-

-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

1987
SIC
Code

All employees
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Production workers

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

53.9
42.0
11.9
47.4
20.0
41.9
205.3
21.5
51.8
51.7

53.9
42.0
11.9
47.1
19.8
41.4
206.3
21.6
52.0
52.6

53.8
41.4
12.4
45.3
19.0
40.4
212.2
22.3
51.9
55.6

53.7
41.3
12.4
45.5
19.0
40.5
212.0
22.2
52.1
55.6

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

44.7
36.2
8.5
40.0
16.8
34.2
167.8
17.0
44.3
41.7

44.5
36.1
8.4
39.9
16.8
33.7
169.6
17.2
44.5
43.1

44.8
35.9
8.9
38.4
16.1
32.8
173.3
17.6
44.2
45.2

44.8
35.9
8.9
38.4
16.1
32.9
173.6
17.6
44.6
45.4

_
-

Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

26
262
263
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

686.4
168.9
50.4
212.1
123.1
16.5
48.6
241.9
45.9
37.8
23.8

685.5
168.8
50.5
212.1
123.8
16.4
48.5
241.2
45.8
37.8
23.9

683.7
165.3
49.2
214.4
127.2
16.1
48.3
241.9
45.8
38.5
23.4

684.5
164.7
49.1
215.4
127.8
16.1
48.8
242.4
45.6
38.7
23.5

685.7
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

517.7
128.8
38.8
165.7
93.1
14.4
39.1
174.4
22.0
28.4
18.5

517.3
128.7
38.8
166.0
93.8
14.3
39.2
173.9
21.9
28.3
18.7

518.7
127.5
38.0
167.5
95.8
14.2
39.4
175.8
21.9
29.1
18.2

519.1
126.7
37.8
168.8
96.6
14.3
39.9
175.9
21.8
28.9
18.3

521.0
-

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

1,512.3 1,520.5 1,530.0 1,535.2 1,541.6
_
451.7 453.5 453.2 454.8
_
130.2
128.3
130.2
128.1
_
121.1
120.8
116.5
118.5
_
83.4
83.2
80.4
81.8
_
36.7
37.7
37.6
36.1
_
78.1
78.2
78.1
79.3
_
554.2
538.2 542.2 551.6
_
350.0 353.2 358.3 359.7
_
174.3
167.9
168.8
172.8
_
46.7
46.9
44.6
44.6
_
68.3
69.3
69.2
68.9
55.7
55.1
56.0
54.9
-

832.7
157.6
43.9
60.3
31.3
29.0
36.8
389.4
251.7
121.2
33.3
52.6
40.7

837.2
158.3
44.0
61.8
32.1
29.7
37.2
392.9
254.7
121.8
33.5
51.6
40.5

839.1
156.4
43.0
62.9
32.2
30.7
36.8
399.0
257.6
124.8
31.7
53.2
39.6

840.9
157.1
42.1
62.1
31.9
30.2
36.4
401.7
259.0
126.1
31.6
53.7
39.6

843.6
-

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

1,072.0 1,068.9 1,050.7 1,046.9 1,046.6
131.8
129.6
133.0
130.2
85.6
84.5
83.7
83.0
_
163.4
158.1
156.5
163.6
_
78.4
79.4
79.5
79.0
_
55.7
56.0
52.0
52.0
265.0 265.4 263.8 262.8
_
216.9 217.5 215.0 214.6
_
156.4
152.5
157.5
153.3
44.7
42.0
42.1
44.6
43.2
44.7
44.5
43.2
_
69.7
68.5
66.6
65.9
57.7
57.9
57.6
57.9
142.4
148.7
142.7
149.0
26.4
25.9
26.3
25.9
120.4
120.1
113.7
113.5
_
54.7
55.1
55.1
55.1
90.4
89.6
90.5
91.2
-

573.1
57.6
38.5
105.8
49.8
36.7
117.8
98.3
98.0
27.0
25.2
45.8
30.2
79.4
14.7
62.7
31.6
52.7

574.2
57.3
38.2
106.7
50.1
37.3
118.9
99.6
96.8
26.9
25.3
44.6
30.2
79.9
14.7
63.2
31.6
52.8

573.9
56.5
36.9
106.0
50.3
37.6
121.4
101.8
95.4
24.5
26.3
44.6
30.4
79.2
15.3
62.0
31.6
53.4

572.8
56.2
36.6
105.0
49.9
37.8
122.0
102.2
95.0
24.5
26.3
44.2
30.3
79.2
15.2
62.1
31.5
53.6

573.4

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

151.7
111.1
28.2

151.7
111.9
27.3

151.3
110.4
28.5

150.4
109.8
28.2

149.1
_
-

99.1
71.0
21.7

98.3
71.1
20.8

98.3
70.2
21.6

97.8
69.9
21.4

95.8
-

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

908.1
80.9
10.2
60.3
23.7
102.5
654.2

910.3
80.6
10.3
60.6
23.8
103.2
655.6

944.0
74.9
10.9
64.1
25.3
106.2
687.9

950.6
76.3
11.0
64.5
25.5
106.8
692.0

953.5
_
_
-

702.3
59.0
8.3
45.4
18.5
77.4
512.2

704.6
58.8
8.4
45.7
18.5
78.0
513.7

735.7
53.4
9.2
49.3
20.0
82.0
541.8

741.7
54.7
9.2
49.7
20.1
82.6
545.5

743.9
-

-

-

See footnotes at end of table.




77

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

1987
SIC
Code

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation

All employees
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Production workers

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

90.9
-

5,923

4,911

4,902

4,955

4,960

4,968

3,747

3,753

-

-

-

-

-

_
-

-

_
-

_
-

-

360.7
156.9

359.1
156.5
19.5
-

369.5
162.1
20.8
-

375.7
162.3
20.4
-

_
-

1,742.1 1,743.8 1,799.7 1,802.6 1,813.0 1,511.3 1,512.0 1,565.6 1,567.3
_
1,395.3 1,396.3 1,446.1 1,444.5
1,604.5 1,606.7 1,658.2 1,657.3
118.5
115.2
136.7
111.8
112.2
132.8
140.4
133.3
-

_
_
-

_
99.0

_
-

114.7

5,855

5,845

5,915

5,921

3,662

3,658

3,741

_
-

248.0
216.2

248.0
216.2

244.6
-

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity and rural bus transportation
School buses

41
411
412
413
415

392.2
172.3
29.9
22.5
137.8

390.8
172.3
30.1
21.9
137.7

402.4
178.9
30.3
23.1
141.1

408.5
179.0
30.5
22.6
146.2

408.8
_
_
-

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air...
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

Water transportation
Water transportation of freight, nee
Water transportation services

44
444
449

166.7
12.7
107.1

163.7
12.8
105.6

170.6
11.7
112.5

167.9
11.6
111.1

164.4
_
-

Transportation by air
Air transportation, scheduled
Air transportation, scheduled
Airports, flying fields, and services

45
451
4512
458

735.7
605.4
494.5
99.6

736.0
606.0
492.6
99.6

732.0
601.6
481.3
98.4

730.0
599.9
477.1
98.7

730.9
-

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

18.1

18.1

17.7

17.8

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

47
472
4724
473

358.4
187.5
151.9
136.6

358.0
187.1
152.1
136.7

370.1
193.3
157.4
142.6

2,193

2,187

2,174

49
491
492
493
495

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Motor vehicle supplies and new parts
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
See footnotes at end of table.

78




50
501
5012
5013
502
5021
5023

Nov.
1994P

90.8
12.0
48.7
22.2
16.3
8.5
8.7

114.3
14.4
59.4
28.5
19.4
11.0
12.7

247.4
215.1

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

Oct.
1994P

91.5
12.3
49.3
22.2
16.7
8.4
8.6

115.4
14.8
60.4
28.6
20.0
10.9
12.5

248.5
216.4

48
481
4813
483
4832
4833
484

Sept.
1994

93.9
12.5
52.3
24.1
18.8
7.5
8.7

118.0
15.2
63.7
31.2
21.8
10.3
12.4

40
4011

Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting stations
Television broadcasting stations
Cable and other pay television services

Nov.
1993

94.8
12.8
52.7
24.3
18.9
7.6
8.9

118.4
15.4
63.9
31.4
21.8
10.4
12.5

Railroad transportation
Class I railroads2

Communications and public utilities

Oct.
1993

•

-

20.0
-

_
_
100.3

_
94.7

_
_
93.3

_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
-

_
-

17.8

14.0

14.0

13.6

13.9

-

372.6
194.0
158.2
144.2

373.5
_
_
-

282.0
148.2
119.2
105.4

281.4
148.0
119.4
105.2

293.0
154.3
124.8
110.7

295.2
155.0
125.6
111.9

_
_
_
-

2,174

2,170

-

-

-

-

-

971.2
650.6
603.7
191.8
114.9

969.4
649.0
601.3
191.8
115.0

967.9
640.5
584.8
196.9
118.2

971.2
642.3
585.7
197.8
119.3

_
_
-

1,254.6 1,253.4 1,259.3 1,262.4 1,262.9
864.4 863.3 859.9 862.4
_
784.9
785.7
800.8 798.8
_
235.7
229.7 229.7 235.4
_
113.8
113.2
112.8
113.8
121.6
121.9
116.5
116.9
140.4
136.3
136.3
141.6
938.5
424.9
159.5
188.2
135.4

933.3
423.0
159.7
185.8
134.3

914.7
412.2
158.1
180.4
133.7

911.9
410.7
157.6
179.0
134.3

907.4
_
_
-

740.1
332.3
124.2
143.0
116.7

736.3
330.8
124.3
141.6
115.8

720.8
321.1
122.3
138.9
114.8

718.0
320.3
121.9
137.3
114.8

_
_
-

5,985

5,987

6,111

6,123

6,130

4,834

4,834

4,936

4,948

4,951

3,411
455.2
112.9
271.7
140.3
64.6
75.7

3,415
456.2
113.6
271.8
142.3
65.1
77.2

3,476
472.9
118.4
281.7
150.1
68.9
81.2

3,484
475.3
119.6
281.9
150.9
68.9
82.0

3,493
-

2,726
367.4
_
111.9
_
-

2,730
368.4
_
113.4

2,781
383.6
118.7
_
-

2,790
385.9
119.2
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
-

-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Lumber and other construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Professional and commercial equipment
Office equipment
Computers, peripherals and software
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, television and radio sets
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Construction and mining machinery
Farm and garden machinery
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Stationery and office supplies
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wine and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
Farm supplies

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Sept.
1994

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

503
5031
5039
504
5044
5045
5047
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5082
5083
5084
5085
509
5093

223.1
116.3
35.9
738.2
184.2
259.6
160.0
132.7
443.3
193.8
48.3
201.2
268.8
94.0
107.4
714.6
72.7
110.1
289.3
134.9
295.0
108.1

222.1
116.2
36.2
737.4
184.4
258.7
160.6
133.1
444.1
194.5
48.2
201.4
268.9
94.0
107.2
713.2
72.1
109.3
290.0
134.5
297.2
108.2

237.3
124.0
38.6
731.5
184.8
244.7
169.1
137.9
448.4
197.6
47.2
203.6
277.8
96.5
111.3
713.4
73.7
111.1
287.5
134.7
306.5
114.7

239.1
124.9
39.4
732.8
185.5
243.9
169.3
138.0
450.6
198.4
47.9
204.3
277.9
96.9
111.1
711.3
73.8
109.7
288.7
133.3
308.5
115.7

51
511
5112
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
515
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191

2,574
248.1
136.9
198.5
206.6
861.8
274.9
60.3
99.5
120.3
138.9
166.6
68.0
98.6
148.4
97.5
50.9
485.1
156.4

2,572
248.6
137.0
199.2
206.9
862.2
274.9
60.8
96.4
117.5
138.8
166.7
68.1
98.6
149.2
97.3
51.9
482.8
153.6

2,635
262.9
146.0
198.6
207.9
888.9
284.2
62.2
104.6
116.7
133.9
174.0
71.3
102.7
153.4
100.7
52.7
498.6
163.0

2,639
262.8
145.0
199.1
208.1
886.0
282.8
62.6
101.9
122.2
133.9
174.2
71.1
103.1
153.1
100.4
52.7
499.9
161.3

Retail trade

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

2,637

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

182.1

181.3

194.8

196.4

596.0

596.0

584.7

586.7

130.9
105.8
345.8

131.5
106.4
346.0

138.3
110.8
351.3

139.3
110.9
353.0

215.7

216.4

224.4

224.5

563.0

561.4

565.5

563.4

238.2

240.5

247.4

249.8

2,108
201.3

2,104
202.4

2,155
215.6

2,158
215.2

165.3
163.6
727.1

165.4
164.4
726.3

162.7
163.6
745.8

162.3
164.2
742.4

98.8
104.1
134.0

95.9
103.9
134.2

95.6
101.2
141.2

100.7
101.5
141.5

121.1

121.4

124.3

124.1

392.5

389.9

405.0

406.4

19,849 20,132 20,569 20,543 20,825 17,472 17,745

18,086 18,055

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores

52
521
523
525
526

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

2,479.7 2,613.6 2,467.0 2,526.6 2,664.8 2,318.5 2,454.5 2,302.9 2,360.1
2,141.0 2,261.3 2,144.9 2,198.2
2,016.7 2,138.7 2,018.1 2,069.6
133.8
153.0
156.6
135.7
138.0
141.5
118.5
120.4
185.7
166.3
170.1
195.7
188.3
192.7
163.8
174.3

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat and fish markets
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
542
545
546

3,229.2 3,240.8 3,248.1 3,259.2 3,290.4 2,943.3 2,953.1 2,954.1 2,964.9
2,875.8 2,880.7 2,871.2 2,878.8
2,636.5 2,640.2 2,629.2 2,637.4
47.8
49.6
52.8
52.9
16.7
16.8
19.5
19.4
170.1
170.9
179.1
178.0
158.3
152.1
152.6
157.5

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers

55
551

2,057.6 2,059.3 2,188.0 2,189.0 2,191.6 1,711.7 1,711.1 1,822.2 1,824.4
991.4
932.9
935.3
994.4
779.5
777.9
826.9
830.2

797.1
465.9
67.2
155.0
80.4

793.3
463.9
67.5
154.7
78.6

854.5
509.1
69.0
158.5
84.5

855.3
508.1
68.9
159.1
85.3

854.5

659.8
392.5
52.6
127.4
64.8

654.6
389.6
52.6
127.0
62.9

712.3
433.1
53.6
130.6
68.6

Nov.
1994P

18,318

713.4
432.4
53.7
131.2
69.3

See footnotes at end of table.




79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Retail trade—Continued
Automotive dealers and service stations—Continued
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

SIC
Code

553
554
559

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores.
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores ....
Radio, television, and electronic stores .
Record and prerecorded tape stores

57
571

Eating and drinking places .

58

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods
Nonstore retailers
Catalog and mail-order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Florists, tobacco stores, and newsstands .
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee

59
591
592
593
594

5712
572
573

5731
5735

Sept.
1994

Oct.

Oct.

Nov.

1993

1993

350.7
618.6

350.8
618.8

376.1
635.0

376.4
633.5

6.2

6.2

5.1

4.9

1994P

Nov.

1994P

_
-

1,140.1 1,187.7 1,136.9 1,149.1 1,189.5
_
83.4
84.5
88.3
85.8
_
361.0 369.7 347.0 351.8
_
311.7 337.9 326.5 331.0
210.3 213.8 209.4 210.4
842.5
460.5
276.4
73.7
308.3
130.9
68.1

864.8
470.1
280.7
73.3
321.4
138.5
72.1

904.7
500.5
302.0
71.6
332.6
144.1
68.8

922.2
509.0
305.9
72.0
341.2
148.8
70.6

947.3
_
_
_
-

Sept.
1994

Oct.

Oct.

Nov.

1993

1993

277.8
532.1

277.6
531.2

300.3
547.2

300.5
546.1

5.3

5.2

4.3

4.1

935.0
69.0
292.0
268.1
164.3

980.8
71.5
301.0
293.2
167.3

925.5
67.1
278.8
276.8
163.9

939.2
68.2
284.3
281.7
165.4

683.1
373.4

703.5
382.5

731.8
406.1

747.5
413.4

1994P

-

-

-

-

59.8
249.9
107.1
54.7

59.7
261.3
113.9
58.3

58.0
267.7
118.8
52.3

58.4
275.7
122.9
53.8

Finance .
60
602

6022
6021,9
603

6035
6036
606

Nov.
1994 P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

6,827.0 6,824.2 7,259.9 7,095.4 7,080.1 6,164.2 6,156.8 6,555.0 6,387.8

2,475.6 2,548.6 2,510.0 2,546.4 2,606.7 2,056.0 2,130.2 2,082.1 2,118.1
_
490.5 498.2 488.8 492.3
587.7 595.6 586.0 590.6
_
113.4 114.5 115.5 115.8
_
79.1
76.8
73.3
94.5
92.8
72.8
87.9
87.9
_
730.6 786.3 753.5 766.5
877.5 933.1 907.1 920.8
169.3 177.5 182.5 185.8
5941
_
_
103.5 105.3 111.8 107.5
5942
_
73.2
72.9
72.6
71.3
5943
5944
136.3 142.0 137.3 138.9
196.6 199.9 200.0 202.0
5947
58.6
58.4
64.1
62.8
5949
596
248.4 252.8 234.8 244.1
292.4 296.6 277.0 286.7
_
_
_
_
171.5 175.7 156.0 164.6
5961
_
73.0
72.9
71.8
71.4
5962
_
81.6
79.7
84.6
82.3
97.1
99.1
99.8 101.3
598
_
339.4 341.9 354.8 360.1
416.9 419.6 434.5 438.9
599
5992,3,4 136.8 138.9 139.5 143.5
50.0
50.0
48.4
62.4
48.8
62.3
61.7
61.8
5995
175.0 175.9 186.2 187.2
218.3 219.0 232.7 233.0
5999
-

Finance, insurance, and real estate3 .

Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee .
Savings institutions
Federal savings institutions
Savings institutions, except federal ....
Credit unions

Production workers

All employees

1987
Industry

_
-

4,918

4,920

-

-

2,063.4 2,061.5 2,033.7 2,028.2 2,029.3 1,488.3 1,488.7 1,464.1
1,060.9 1,061.9 1,056.9
1,493.0 1,492.7 1,489.9 1,488.2
_
439.9 440.1 447.4
615.6 615.3 623.9 623.1
_
621.0 621.8 609.5
877.4 877.4 866.0 865.1
301.6 299.6 267.0 262.8
_
140.3
142.5
159.5
160.3
_
_
_
_
141.3 140.1 124.5 122.5
115.1 115.5 117.3
144.6 145.0 147.9 148.6
-

1,458.8
1,054.9
446.9
608.0

_
-

349.3
93.9

352.9
93.3

344.4
98.8

338.3
99.2

-

_
-

_
-

-

_
-

6,730

6,739

6,804

6,768

6,766

4,893

4,906

4,951

3,228

3,237

3,247

3,234

3,239

-

-

-

-

118.1

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers .

61
614
615
616

460.9
127.5
81.1
233.8

466.6
128.1
81.2
238.7

470.1
136.0
79.1
234.8

464.0
136.5
78.1
228.6

461.5

Security and commodity brokers
Security brokers and dealers
Commodity contracts brokers, dealers, and
exchanges
Security and commodity services

62
621

478.3
366.2

482.3
369.2

508.1
388.5

506.7
387.0

510.0

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

57.9

58.6

60.6

60.3

-

238.5

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

Holding and other investment offices .
Holding offices
See footnotes at end of table.

80




622,3
628
67
671

23.3
88.8
225.7
103.5

23.6
89.5
226.6
103.6

27.3
92.3
234.9
103.9

27.7
92.0
235.1
103.7

_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Insurance

1987
SIC
Code

63,64

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1993

2,181

Nov.
1993

2,188

Sept.
1994

2,172

Oct.
1994P

2,171

Nov.
1994P

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

2,168

1,520.3 1,527.5 1,507.5 1,504.7 1,501.3 1,057.3 1,069.0 1,065.1 1,062.0
540.4
559.5 558.8 540.9
357.6 359.8 356.0 354.0
278.0 282.8 287.0 288.1
225.7 230.7 232.4 233.2
187.7
186.7
185.3
216.7
221.8
225.8 226.8
180.2
539.5 539.8 535.9 534.8
355.3 356.9 358.6 358.6
79.7
83.5
86.4
81.9

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
Title insurance

63
631
632
6324
633
636

Insurance agents, brokers, and service

64

660.9

660.6

664.8

665.9

666.9

65
651
653
655

1,321
564.2
610.7
110.7

1,314
561.6
608.9
108.2

1,385
586.7
648.4
117.4

1,363
577.1
639.3
114.3

1,359

Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

Oct.
1993

30,825 30,829 32,287 32,423 32,417 26,932 26,927 28,209 28,343 28,320

Services

492.6
126.0
330.0

Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services

07
074
078

Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels and motels

70
701

1,598.2 1,552.6 1,662.6 1,589.4 1,534.2
1,552.5 1,509.9 1,606.7 1,539.7
1,366.6 1,326.4 1,416.2 1,356.5

Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
Miscellaneous personal services

72
721
722
723
726
729

1,110.5 1,114.6 1,113.2 1,113.6 1,112.6
428.6 429.3 435.5 438.2
84.9
86.8
84.8
81.6
385.1 386.9 383.3 384.0
87.4
87.3
89.2
89.4
105.3
105.2
99.4
105.4

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Prepackaged software
Computer integrated systems design
Data processing and preparation
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
Photofinishing laboratories

73
731
7311
732
733
7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359
736
7361
7363
737
7371
7372
7373
7374
7375
7378
738
7381
7382
7384

6,083.1
230.1
156.0
115.4
261.9
58.7
838.5
77.4
761.1
218.8
32.9
39.5
146.4
2,149.9
285.0
1,864.9
920.6
193.5
148.7
113.2
214.1
49.5
40.8
1,347.9
494.3
41.1
78.4

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops

75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538

544.0
147.6
352.3

966.6
175.1
108.6
62.1
549.1
188.6
232.7

527.2
146.7
336.5

6,097.1
231.7
156.9
115.2
264.5
59.1
843.1
76.6
766.5
217.8
33.7
38.9
145.2
2,131.2
286.8
1,844.4
931.1
194.7
149.0
114.6
219.5
50.1
40.9
1,362.5
502.3
40.9
79.3

592.4
150.8
395.8

6,678.3
244.4
163.6
114.4
289.1
64.6
886.9
82.9
804.0
244.5
38.3
44.4
161.8
2,499.7
339.5
2,160.2
1,008.3
211.0
158.6
123.5
234.9
58.6
42.8
1,391.0
513.3
43.2
72.1

584.6
151.2
388.3

563.3

456.1
123.4
296.7

440.8
122.4
282.3

500.1
125.9
336.8

379.6

380.4

385.6

388.3

343.2

345.7

342.7

343.0

87.6

87.5

87.2

82.2

6,780.4 6,815.5 5,417.6 5,424.8 5,954.8 6,051.4
179.6
168.9
178.6
246.4
168.0
165.3
114.3
295.5
53.6
53.2
65.7
48.4
48.0
887.5
753.0 756.9 795.4 796.4
64.4
65.1
81.7
60.3
61.2
805.8
691.8 696.6 730.3 732.0
197.8
196.1
173.8
175.4
246.2
30.9
26.3
30.3
38.9
25.6
38.1
32.8
37.7
45.0
33.5
128.8
114.7
128.1
162.3
116.3
2,568.0 2,570.9
346.3
1,810.9 1,789.2 2,100.7 2,160.7
2,221.7
747.7 757.0 814.7 822.3
1,018.6
179.3
164.3
177.2
162.0
213.8
157.8
94.4
84.7
93.5
84.2
125.0
238.9
45.0
38.6
44.9
38.3
59.0
35.6
34.0
35.6
33.9
42.8
1,183.8 1,196.3 1,217.7 1,231.2
1,403.9
461.6 468.8 477.6 478.9
515.5
36.5
34.9
36.9
35.0
42.4
76.0

974.6 1,070.3 1,076.1 1,081.2
176.9 200.1
199.7
110.5
125.1
124.4
62.8
62.5
62.6
552.7 606.7 610.0
190.0
209.7 210.5
234.7 255.4 257.5

793.9
140.9
87.8
55.0
444.7
154.5
189.5

801.4
142.9
89.7
55.8
448.1
156.4
190.8

884.3
164.4
103.9
55.9
492.7
173.7
207.1

888.9
163.6
103.1
55.6
496.0
174.5
209.3

See footnotes at end of table.




81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking—Continued
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

153.3
90.5

154.6
92.0

171.3
101.2

173.7
102.3

386.9

300.7

300.2

312.0

314.2

518.7

342.7
130.8

351.3
135.1

408.6
183.2

419.3
195.5

108.5

110.9

115.9

116.5

754
7542

180.3
103.7

182.2
105.3

201.0
115.3

203.8
116.5

Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops

76
762

370.1
112.3

369.1
111.7

384.9
118.2

387.0
118.5

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters
Video tape rental

78
781
783
784

415.4
162.6
104.2
132.9

424.0
167.2
105.8
135.2

492.9
221.8
112.4
142.2

506.1
237.4
109.9
142.0

Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

79
793
799
7991
7997

1,183.4 1,128.4 1,331.3 1,203.8 1,142.1 1,030.7
82.1
90.2
91.8
92.0
87.9
717.1
817.4
770.1
961.8 842.6
113.0
127.5
125.8
127.7
130.3
242.2
278.4 262.1
330.0 288.7

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners
Offices and clinics of chiropractors and optometrists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Home health care services

80
801
802
804
8041,2
805
8051
8052
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808

8,854.4
1,525.5
567.9
368.6
158.1
1,601.1
1,145.9
224.0
231.2
3,788.4
3,487.9
95.2
205.3
194.0
486.2

8,876.9
1,527.5
572.2
370.9
158.7
1,606.5
1,149.4
224.5
232.6
3,788.1
3,487.4
95.2
205.5
195.7
491.4

9,084.1
1,570.7
595.8
396.6
169.3
1,645.5
1,180.1
230.2
235.2
3,787.4
3,490.5
93.5
203.4
204.5
548.6

Legal services

81

930.5

933.5

939.0

Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Vocational schools

82
821
822
824

1,811.6 1,843.5 1,727.7 1,882.5 1,910.5
503.1
508.0
506.2 520.2
1,102.6 1,128.2 1,015.9 1,150.3
78.9
75.0
76.6
76.8

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee

83
832
833
835
836
839

2,127.2 2,150.5 2,284.5 2,308.1 2,333.8 1,841.6 1,860.9 1,978.5 2,000.8
510.0
514.6
496.4
491.5
592.5
566.7
572.0
588.4
253.0
233.0
253.5
231.1
277.0 279.0 300.0 300.3
494.0
448.6 456.2
505.7
508.8
517.0 561.2 573.8
546.5
512.3
508.1
550.0
581.5
586.0 628.5 632.6
175.0
163.0
162.3
193.2
196.5 206.4 208.9
177.0

Museums and botanical and zoological gardens

84

Membership organizations
Business associations
Professional organizations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations

86
861
862
863
864

2,026.6 2,027.9 2,045.5 2,052.4 2,050.2
105.4
106.9
109.8
107.3
54.8
53.4
53.6
54.5
134.7
138.3
134.9
136.1
429.9 431.7
438.0 445.4

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

87
871
8711
8712
8713
872

2,550.9 2,559.9 2,624.0 2,630.2 2,638.9 1,948.8 1,957.3 2,014.1 2,018.2
632.4 663.3 660.9
803.9
633.1
768.1
805.9
767.4
521.3
501.8
523.7
628.3
503.5
604.6 603.5 630.3
94.1
94.5
121.4
87.5
88.1
112.8
113.1
121.2
45.5
45.1
54.!
42.1
42.5
50.7
50.8
54.4
373.7
377.7
520.5
367.9 370.0
510.4
513.0 516.8

See footnotes at end of table.

82



78.3

74.8

81.7

981.0 1,169.3 1,048.9
80.8
78.5
82.3
733.7
846.5
671.8
114.2
116.9
114.8
251.3
226.4
290.1

9,109.7 9,130.0 7,846.2 7,864.6 8,034.7
1,242.9 1,244.6 1,279.0
1,577.5
519.8
496.3 500.2
598.5
326.3
306.5
304.1
401.1
170.7
1,646.7
1,444.3 1,448.1 1,482.7
1,181.2
201.4 201.7 206.4
230.1
235.4
3,787.5 3,790.4 3,468.5 3,468.0 3,460.6
3,491.4
93.4
202.7
206.6
506.4
450.6 455.5
555.1

8,056.1
1,284.5
522.0
330.3

750.7

753.6

943.2

80.9

947.2

746.6

748.3

1,483.9
206.5
3,460.4

512.2

76.3

37.5

37.7

39.0

39.0

Nov.
1994P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Engineering and management services—Continued
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services
Services, nee

1987
SIC
Code

873
8731
8732
8733
874
8741
8742
8743
89

Government
4

Federal Government

4

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

575.5
241.1
107.5
144.3
696.9
261.0
232.1
31.7

578.9
241.6
110.4
144.9
700.6
262.9
232.5
32.0

577.2
238.0
113.4
143.2
724.1
269.8
240.5
32.8

580.0
238.2
115.9
143.4
725.8
271.0
240.5
33.2

40.6

40.6

40.7

41.0

41.4

19,133

19,282

18,880

19,399

19,590

2,886

2,882

2,863

2,850

2,849

3731

83.5
47.4

83.0
47.1

74.4
40.7

73.5
39.8

806

30.1
390.2
232.0

30.1
388.8
232.2

28.5
383.9
227.9

26.9
378.6
227.1

State government
Hospitals
806
Education
82
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions
State government, except education
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
806
Education
82
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions
Local government, except education

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

434.8
171.7
85.7
111.7
513.0
186.0
168.8
22.2

438.8
172.6
88.2
112.7
516.1
187.1
169.3
22.4

442.8
174.7
90.3
110.9
534.3
192.1
180.2
22.5

446.2
175.6
92.5
111.3
533.4
193.0
179.5
22.6

32.4

32.1

32.2

32.5

Nov.
1994P

4,635
4,529
4,616
4,703
4,729
412.6
412.1
403.1
401.1
1,965.1 1,995.4 1,818.3 2,012.1 2,044.1
1,749.6 1,744.5 1,808.7 1,797.7
2,650.5 2,639.9 2,711.0 2,691.1 2,685.1
11,631 11,765 11,488 11,846 12,012
449.5
451.3 453.2 452.5
682.5
683.1
690.3 690.5
6,616.1 6,727.9 6,344.5 6,775.3 6,888.4
3,514.4 3,536.6 3,611.9 3,549.3
5,014.9 5,036.9 5,143.2 5,070.7 5,123.5

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to
civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and




Nov.
1993

2,820.1 2,816.9 2,799.8
847.5 847.1
817.3
792.4
797.9
818.8
1,180.2 1,171.9 1,163.7
37.8
37.7
35.3
27.7
27.6
27.7

Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial
Federal Government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Ship building and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

Production workers1

All employees

the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are subject to
revision.

83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-13. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Industry

Total

Aug.
1993

Sept.
1993

July
1994

Aug.
1994

Sept.
1994

52,785

53,648

54,124

54,271

55,192

Total private

43,500

43,602

44,638

44,838

44,954

Goods-producing

6,559

6,554

6,522

6,623

6,631

89

88

87

87

86

532

531

557

560

563

5,938

5,935

5,878

5,976

5,982

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,683
116
147
104
92
292
411
639
350
361
170

2,688
115
147
104
92
294
412
640
350
360
173

2,694
122
151
103
95
298
420
646
341
348
169

2,727
124
153
104
97
303
424
655
350
347
172

2,739
124
154
105
97
304
425
658
352
347
174

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,255
583
14
322
758
171
670
341
25
307
66

3,247
578
15
323
759
168
669
338
24
308
66

3,184
560
11
316
712
167
682
335
25
315
62

3,249
586
13
320
733
167
683
336
26
320
65

3,243
580
13
319
737
165
682
332
26
324
65

46,226

47,094

47,602

47,648

48,561

Transportation and public utilities

1,676

1,705

1,694

1,699

1,728

Wholesale trade

1,812

1,822

1,857

1,862

1,874

10,525

10,515

10,787

10,841

10,840

4,290

4,264

4,329

4,321

4,280

18,638

18,742

19,449

19,492

19,601

9,285
1,215
2,113
5,957

10,046
1,206
2,223
6,617

9,486
1,202
2,154
6,130

9,433
1,200
2,152
6,081

10,238
1,196
2,265
6,777

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are

84




introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

State and area

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

1,731.3
423.8
163.6
197.7
144.1
70.2

1,740.0
428.0
160.2
200.3
145.2
70.8

1,752.6
431.0
160.9
202.3
146.1
71.3

255.4
119.2

270.0
123.5

Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa .
Tucson

1,603.6
1,077.7
279.9

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery ....
Tuscaloosa

3.0

3.0

3.1

1

1

O
01
()

10.2

10.1

10.8

Oct.
1993

Oct.
1994P

Sept.
1994

Oct.

1993

()
(1)
(1)

()
(1)

O

81.4
21.6

Sept.
1994
82.1
22.6

Oct.
1994?
81.3
22.1

6.1

6.0

5.9

14.8

14.1

14.4

7.0
3.9

7.1
4.2

7.1
4.1

2.6

2.5

2.5

259.1
121.6

10.1

10.1

15.7

14.7

3.0

9.7
2.8

13.8

3.3

7.4

8.2

7.9

1,661.1
1,115.8
291.0

1,676.5
1,126.9
294.0

12.1

12.2

12.4

4.4
2.0

4.5
2.1

4.5
2.1

95.4
65.5
16.5

106.3
73.3
18.6

108.2
74.9
18.5

1,004.6
118.7
86.9
273.3
34.8

1,041.2
124.0
89.5
279.9
35.2

1,045.0
125.1
89.3
281.2
35.3

3.6

38.7

43.1

43.7

1.0

4.6
3.1

4.9
3.3

5.0
3.3

11.7

12.8

12.8

1.0

1.0

.9

12,005.8
172.4
257.4
3,713.7
121.0
866.9
1,121.0
734.7
553.4
107.6
940.6
909.2
787.7
143.2
145.3
155.9
141.6
224.6

11,970.8
170.9
258.9
3,663.0
126.9
859.2
1,117.0
743.7
563.0
107.8
928.9
900.3
779.9
139.5
147.3
161.6
140.6
223.6

12,000.4
172.0
257.2
3,679.1
121.2
865.9
1,121.8
746.2
564.7
106.7
931.3
905.8
782.2
141.5
149.1
155.8
142.2
224.6

470.6

469.7

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,688.6
136.7
918.6

1,730.4
138.9
931.2

1,740.0
140.9
936.8

(1)

Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury

1,541.2
176.5
82.9
585.5
241.2
184.5
80.4

1,540.8
173.9
83.6
591.5
233.3
182.3
79.7

1,552.1
174.5
83.9
596.0
235.0
183.1
79.4

(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)

Delaware
Wilmington-Newark

350.7
272.2

359.9
275.0

359.9
276.5

.1
.2

.1
.2

District of Columbia
Washington PMSA

669.7
2,334.7

664.3
2,334.7

667.9
2,343.0

.1
.8

.1
.9

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater .
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton

5,615.7
136.8
547.9
130.0
102.9
444.1
151.5
165.8
906.2
660.8
136.8
208.3
134.6
902.0
366.8

5,785.9
139.8
564.1
135.7
105.7
454.3
156.3
170.1
923.9
689.7
139.8
213.2
138.2
929.4
369.9

5,822.8
140.6
565.1
137.3
105.9
456.2
158.5
171.4
928.7
694.5
140.0
214.1
139.1
932.7
376.0

Alaska
Anchorage

California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc.
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

3.6

3.7
(1)

O

O
.9

.9

O
0

O
(1)

O
(1)
34.4
11.3

32.2
10.5

32.0
10.4

461.1
8.6

8.2

8.2

.6
7.4

.6
6.8

.6
6.8

13.6
100.0

13.3
99.3

13.4
100.0

6.8

5.9

6.1

3.3
.9
1.3
.5
.3
.5
.6
.2
1.0
.6
.1
.4
2.2

3.0
.9
1.4
.5
.3
.5
.6
.2
1.0
.6
.1
.5
2.1

3.1
.9
1.4
.5
.3
.5
.6
.2
1.0
.6
.1
.5
2.1

40.6
44.5
39.8
27.7

42.1
45.7
40.6
28.5

42.3
45.6
39.4
28.3

15.8

15.3

10.5

10.4

15.4

89.8

91.0

92.9

5.4

5.8

5.9

7.9

48.6

45.7

46.0

.9

49.7

50.7

50.3

5.2
3.0

5.3
3.2

5.2
3.3

19.6

23.0

23.0

8.4
4.8
2.9

9.0
5.0
3.2

8.6
4.9
3.2

.1
.2

18.7
14.3

19.6
15.1

19.8
15.3

.1
.9

8.4

8.9

8.7

104.3

109.7

109.8

6.4

294.3

308.2

310.6

7.7

7.2

7.3

.2

32.0
10.6

31.3
12.0

31.5
12.1

(2)
.2
2

()
(2)
(2)

()
(2)
(2)
2.7

2.6

.4

.4

3.6

24.8

7.4
8.4

7.5
8.3

.4

39.5
33.9

39.9
37.3
10.1

40.0
37.6
10.0

8.9
9.8
5.3
.5

.5
(2)

3.5

25.1

7.1
8.0

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
.4

3.5

23.8
2.7

(2)

(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

5.3
8.8
6.0
9.6

O
O
01
(2)
()

2

(2)

5.4
8.5
6.2
9.3

(2)

(2)
.2

()
(2)
(2)

5.3
8.2
6.3
8.8
9.3

6.4

6.1
2

3.6

39.5
27.8
28.3

1.0
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)

(2)

3.6

39.9
27.6
28.2

7.9

.9

O
(2)

3.7

40.9
27.1
27.4

0

O
8.4

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

41.6
21.6

9.7
5.4

9.8
5.4

41.6
21.6

42.3
22.2

See footnotes at end of table.




85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

384.6
52.0
37.4
27.8
17.6
10.6

388.3
52.3
38.2
28.0
17.7
10.8

388.3
52.4
38.0
28.0
17.8
10.8

85.5
30.1
3.2
11.3
6.0
2.2

85.7
29.5
3.3
11.1
6.0
2.2

85.4
29.4
3.3
11.0
6.1
2.2

380.8
103.2
30.7
50.3
32.7
15.1

386.6
104.1
30.9
52.4
33.2
15.6

388.4
105.0
31.1
52.6
33.3
15.5

14.7
1.8

18.6
2.2

14.3
1.9

22.8
12.3

24.7
13.0

23.2
12.5

49.7
26.5

53.9
28.5

52.3
28.5

Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson

175.1
134.1
24.4

183.7
139.1
28.1

184.3
139.3
28.5

78.1
55.3
11.3

79.1
56.0
11.3

78.5
55.7
11.2

389.5
261.0
64.1

400.6
269.3
66.2

405.4
273.0
66.9

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

245.1
32.6
25.9
33.5
7.3

256.7
34.2
27.8
34.7
7.5

257.1
34.1
27.6
35.0
7.5

57.9
8.0
5.0
17.1
2.0

59.0
8.3
5.3
17.9
2.0

59.4
8.4
5.4
17.9
2.0

222.0
30.6
17.9
63.6
7.2

231.7
32.8
17.7
66.6
7.2

231.1
32.8
17.7
66.3
7.1

1,785.8
10.4
30.9
656.6
23.3
101.4
207.5
85.4
37.2
9.1
115.2
74.7
228.9
18.3
20.7
22.0
13.7
30.1

1,770.9
10.1
32.2
633.6
28.8
100.5
205.7
86.5
37.8
9.9
108.9
74.7
227.3
17.3
21.0
27.3
14.3
29.2

1,750.2
10.0
31.1
633.2
22.8
100.3
205.6
86.3
37.4
9.7
108.6
75.3
224.5
17.3
21.0
22.3
14.1
28.9

603.7
8.3
13.0
198.4
5.8
55.9
37.4
37.3
24.0
5.1
35.6
75.6
22.9
4.8
5.7
10.0
5.9
10.2

597.7
8.3
13.2
196.1
5.7
53.1
39.2
37.6
24.5
5.2
35.6
73.5
22.4
4.5
5.8
10.6
5.9
10.3

595.8
8.2
13.0
196.0
5.4
52.8
39.5
37.7
24.3
5.0
35.7
73.3
22.7
4.5
5.8
10.0
6.2
10.2

2,777.0
41.2
62.7
816.9
30.8
203.0
273.5
193.2
125.4
28.5
220.3
189.1
155.4
34.4
36.2
38.5
36.2
53.3

2,768.1
40.8
62.7
803.6
31.8
203.4
270.5
195.3
127.7
28.7
215.9
187.9
153.0
34.6
36.6
38.4
35.6
54.7

2,770.1
40.4
62.6
805.8
32.1
203.7
271.3
195.9
127.9
28.4
216.1
189.1
153.6
34.7
36.6
38.5
36.1
54.5

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

189.0
29.7
89.7

191.5
30.6
89.1

192.9
30.7
89.5

104.2
3.5
73.9

104.4
3.5
72.5

103.6
3.6
72.0

407.6
29.0
223.2

430.3
30.0
230.7

431.5
30.5
232.4

Connecticut

292.3
43.8
20.7
97.8
42.4
29.7
17.2

284.3
42.6
20.5
95.1
39.8
28.3
17.7

283.5
42.5
20.4
94.6
39.8
28.4
17.7

70.4
7.3
2.8
24.0
16.1
8.4
3.4

68.9
6.9
2.9
24.8
15.7
8.5
3.4

69.0
6.9
2.8
24.9
15.7
8.5
3.4

329.5
38.3
21.3
119.9
48.7
42.7
16.0

327.1
37.1
20.6
122.8
47.6
41.3
15.9

328.5
37.4
21.0
124.0
48.0
41.5
16.2

Delaware
Wilmington-Newark

65.0
49.3

64.0
47.3

63.9
47.1

15.1
13.3

15.1
13.2

15.5
13.6

75.8
54.5

79.4
55.7

77.9
55.7

District of Columbia
Washington PMSA

14.0
93.5

14.2
96.0

14.3
97.0

21.1
104.7

20.8
104.9

20.7
104.4

52.9
436.6

52.6
437.9

53.4
442.4

483.3
12.8
41.4
5.6
5.3
34.7
19.1
28.3
81.7
52.1
11.4
17.9
4.5
87.4
30.7

483.7
13.4
40.9
5.6
5.3
35.0
20.0
28.9
81.6
52.2
11.4
18.6
4.7
88.7
29.7

485.6
13.5
41.3
5.7
5.3
35.1
20.8
29.0
81.8
52.2
11.4
18.8
4.8
88.5
30.3

285.7
3.8
25.6
5.7
1.9
32.8
7.7
4.8
72.1
37.3
5.9
5.2
3.1
41.9
14.1

287.4
3.7
26.6
5.8
2.0
32.7
8.1
4.8
73.0
37.8
5.9
5.1
3.1
42.6
13.7

287.9
3.7
26.3
5.7
2.0
33.0
8.1
4.8
73.5
38.0
5.8
5.1
3.1
42.6
13.7

1,447.6
38.6
154.3
35.8
20.6
114.6
42.4
36.6
235.7
161.8
33.2
49.5
29.2
227.6
97.0

1,481.9
39.0
158.7
37.3
21.7
116.1
43.0
38.7
238.2
166.4
34.7
49.6
30.4
229.6
97.3

1,494.3
39.0
158.9
38.3
21.6
116.5
43.7
39.6
239.3
167.4
34.5
50.4
30.6
230.6
99.5

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage

California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton

Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ...
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
See footnotes at end of table.

86




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Tuscaloosa

75.9
30.6
4.5
8.4
8.4
2.2

77.1
31.4
4.4
8.4
8.3
2.3

77.0
31.3
4.4
8.4
8.3
2.3

367.8
115.6
42.1
53.1
35.5
11.1

371.5
118.1
38.8
54.5
36.4
10.9

373.7
119.4
38.6
54.6
36.3
11.1

344.5
67.6
39.6
32.0
36.9
22.5

338.6
67.0
38.6
31.8
36.5
22.3

348.3
68.4
39.6
33.3
37.2
22.8

Alaska
Anchorage

11.4
6.9

11.6
6.9

11.4
6.8

56.3
31.1

60.5
32.6

58.2
32.0

76.6
29.9

74.9
29.1

75.3
29.2

100.8
80.3
12.8

102.4
82.3
12.3

102.2
82.2
12.3

456.8
314.2
83.2

472.1
324.4
84.6

479.2
329.3
86.9

295.8
162.9
65.6

304.7
166.9
67.8

306.3
168.0
67.6

40.9
4.1
2.8
16.4
1.3

41.6
4.4
2.9
16.6
1.3

41.6
4.4
2.9
16.5
1.3

223.7
22.1
22.0
76.3
7.9

233.6
22.5
22.2
76.4
8.2

234.1
23.0
21.9
76.9
8.2

172.6
16.7
9.3
54.7
8.1

171.9
16.9
9.4
54.9
8.0

174.4
17.4
9.5
55.8
8.3

California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

782.8
5.9
14.1
248.4
4.9
58.1
91.6
31.7
40.4
6.4
60.6
101.0
30.7
7.2
9.8
8.5
5.3
12.3

763.3
5.8
13.7
240.2
4.7
56.4
88.3
31.0
40.9
6.4
58.1
99.8
29.7
6.8
9.9
8.2
5.2
11.7

758.0
5.8
13.7
238.7
4.6
55.7
87.2
30.9
40.9
6.4
57.7
99.3
29.8
6.8
9.9
8.0
5.2
11.6

3,478.8
40.2
62.3
1,155.8
28.0
236.5
336.6
189.8
140.5
28.0
287.2
311.2
235.0
42.8
38.6
36.0
36.3
64.0

3,512.3
41.8
63.3
1,159.8
28.8
237.4
339.8
194.1
142.4
28.4
291.3
311.1
233.4
42.5
39.7
36.3
37.3
64.6

3,523.7
41.7
61.2
1,165.1
28.5
238.4
341.9
196.5
142.7
28.2
290.4
312.8
236.2
42.6
40.5
36.5
37.4
64.3

2,082.2
46.5
60.2
530.2
21.4
168.1
129.0
156.2
157.7
26.5
180.3
129.9
87.2
29.4
25.5
34.5
35.0
43.2

2,055.7
45.4
59.9
523.6
21.2
163.3
126.9
157.2
160.7
25.3
178.7
125.1
85.7
27.4
25.2
34.5
32.5
40.5

2,100.9
47.3
61.6
533.5
21.7
169.6
129.8
158.1
162.7
25.1
182.8
127.6
86.9
29.3
25.9
34.4
33.1
42.6

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

107.2
5.2
71.4

109.1
5.0
72.9

108.8
5.0
72.9

469.8
38.1
261.2

489.1
38.9
272.5

485.3
39.2
271.9

305.2
25.8
142.2

299.7
25.1
139.9

309.6
26.0
144.2

Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury

138.6
10.8
3.8
80.0
14.9
19.7
4.1

136.1
10.9
4.0
75.6
14.5
20.2
4.1

136.2
10.9
3.9
75.6
14.8
20.3
4.1

450.4
52.1
21.2
155.8
78.7
62.3
23.9

464.1
52.2
22.3
162.1
75.5
62.2
23.0

469.0
52.4
22.1
163.4
76.7
62.4
22.5

209.4
19.0
10.1
88.4
32.0
16.9
12.9

208.6
18.9
10.1
88.1
31.2
16.8
12.4

214.7
19.2
10.4
90.5
31.4
17.1
12.3

Delaware
Wilmington-Newark

35.4
30.6

37.3
32.1

37.4
32.1

90.9
73.9

94.9
75.9

94.4
76.0

49.7
36.1

49.5
35.5

50.9
36.5

District of Columbia
Washington PMSA

30.5
131.9

29.9
130.7

30.1
130.6

260.3
828.7

259.7
834.8

265.6
835.6

282.4
634.2

278.1
619.8

275.0
622.3

Florida

359.2
6.1
40.7
8.3
4.4
43.7
7.5
5.5
63.9
38.5
5.0
10.6
5.2
64.0
25.5

366.6
6.1
40.9
8.5
4.4
44.4
7.7
5.8
63.6
40.3
5.1
10.5
5.4
66.8
25.1

368.7
6.1
40.7
8.6
4.6
44.4
7.7
5.8
63.5
40.6
5.1
10.6
5.4
66.9
25.4

1,838.0
42.9
177.0
42.3
28.7
130.4
40.3
57.7
280.8
256.3
43.2
91.0
31.3
315.4
130.5

1,933.2
44.8
185.9
44.2
30.4
136.8
41.9
58.1
291.5
274.0
44.4
94.9
32.4
334.2
133.2

1,944.6
45.1
187.0
44.4
30.5
137.1
42.3
58.1
293.1
275.4
44.6
94.5
32.4
335.1
135.4

901.5
24.9
76.7
21.6
38.5
63.7
24.8
24.8
132.1
80.5
28.9
24.2
55.8
123.7
47.4

918.5
25.6
79.6
22.2
38.4
63.8
25.5
25.3
135.7
81.2
27.9
24.7
56.6
125.4
49.3

924.7
25.9
79.2
22.4
38.3
64.9
25.7
25.7
137.1
82.8
28.3
24.8
57.2
126.2
49.5

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery

Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami

Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ...
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
See footnotes at end of table.




87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

3,171.5
52.1
62.7
1,671.9
189.5
100.7
134.2
121.0

3,283.8
53.1
59.7
1,744.0
190.9
102.8
136.3
122.0

3,305.7
53.0
63.6
1,758.7
191.4
102.9
136.7
121.9

Hawaii
Honolulu

537.1
413.2

522.2
399.6

Idaho
Boise City

453.8
164.0

Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

Oct.
1993

Oct.
1993

Oct.
1994P

Sept.
1994

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

145.2
2.7
1.8
83.9
10.8
4.3
4.8
5.9

142.6
2.5
1.8
84.8
10.8
3.9
4.6
5.7

0

1

()

(1)

133.7
2.5
1.8
71.6
10.8
4.1
4.1
6.0

530.8
407.5

O
(1)

O

(1)
(1)

32.0
24.1

29.8
21.9

29.5
21.7

472.3
170.6

472.8
171.4

2.3

O

(1)

(1)

27.8
11.6

31.6
13.1

31.2
12.9

5,396.8
71.1
94.4
3,739.4
166.8
54.5
39.2
152.8
155.0
106.3

5,453.4
71.9
91.7
3,818.2
172.1
52.1
39.4
149.0
161.3
108.6

5,478.8
73.0
94.6
3,825.7
173.4
52.4
39.8
149.1
162.4
109.3

14.4
(1)
(1)
2.2
(1)

15.3
(1)
(1)
2.2
(1)
1
()
(1)
(1)

15.2
(1)

214.4
2.4
3.0
144.3
8.7
3.0
2.0
7.4
6.4
4.7

220.0
2.4
3.1
151.4
8.7
3.0
2.0
7.8
6.5
4.8

220.1
2.4
3.0
151.6
8.6
3.0
2.0
7.9
6.3
4.9

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

2,632.6
61.0
108.1
142.4
246.0
245.6
738.2
50.6
86.6
60.0
123.6
66.5

2,675.7
61.6
112.0
141.3
252.5
250.6
749.7
50.5
88.2
60.9
126.3
65.3

2,686.8
62.1
112.5
136.5
254.9
251.1
755.6
51.0
88.8
61.2
126.5
65.6

126.2
2.7
3.6
8.9
12.3
14.7
38.0
1.3
3.3
2.5
7.0
3.3

131.5
3.2
3.8
9.5
11.6
15.7
38.6
1.2
3.5
2.3
7.3
3.4

130.8
3.1
3.6
9.5
11.4
15.5
38.5
1.2
3.3
2.1
7.5
3.3

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

1,301.9
101.9
248.3
49.0
60.3
60.7
66.3

1,321.0
102.7
251.5
49.4
60.3
60.4
66.0

1,329.5
103.9
253.5
49.6
61.7
61.2
67.2

2.2

55.0
5.3
10.5
1.9
2.1
2.5
2.5

55.2
5.8
11.4
1.7
2.2
2.6
2.6

54.7
5.7
11.4
1.8
2.1
2.5
2.6

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,153.1
41.3
95.2
251.5

1,166.9
40.5
95.7
250.8

1,172.1
41.0
95.4
251.8

8.7

1.6

51.1
1.7
4.2
12.8

54.5
1.8
4.0
12.9

54.3
1.7
3.9
12.8

Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro

1,550.7
242.9
500.3
39.3

1,590.0
245.4
507.7
39.9

1.600.2
248.7
507.8
40.1

27.1
.2
.6
.6

28.7
.2
.6
.5

28.8
.2
.6
.5

73.5
11.3
25.6
2.4

73.7
12.7
25.7
2.4

73.9
12.5
25.8
2.4

1,653.8
50.0
258.6
60.3
137.1
73.0
62.0
573.3
155.5

1,713.5
50.4
264.2
61.3
139.8
74.0
63.0
579.9
160.4

1,724.5
50.9
266.9
61.7
139.9
74.7
63.2
581.8
160.2

45.7
.1
.9
5.2
11.5
1.4

46.4
.2
.9
5.1
11.2
1.4
.3
14.2
3.1

46.4
.2
1.0
5.0
11.2
1.4

100.1
3.1
30.6
3.1
6.7
7.5
3.2
26.1
8.8

108.2
3.6
32.8
2.9
7.3
7.2
3.2
24.2
8.1

109.8
3.4
32.7
2.9
7.3
7.3
3.2
24.0
8.1

533.4
41.2
128.6

538.8
41.4
126.7

542.2
42.1
128.6

22.9
1.7
5.8

24.2
1.9
5.7

24.4
1.9
5.5

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.

88




,

(2)

(2)
(1)

O

1.4
.5

1.4
.5
(')

O
(1)
(1)
(1)
1.5

1.3

O
(1)

(1)

(1)

o1
(1)
()

O
(1)
O

.4

.4

.4

(11)

()

14.1
3.0

V)
V)

.3

(1)
1.6

C)

14.0
3.1
.1

.1

.1
(2)
(2)

.4

O
0
01
()

8.8

8.9

o 1.6

O

o
o1
()

o

(1)

1.4

O
O
(1)

O
O
(1)

o
0

6.2

O
0
(1)

(1)
(1)

O

2.2

O
(1)
O
O
(11)
()

2.4

2.1
(1)

O

6.3

6.5

.7

1.1

2.4

2.3

V)
V)

1.4
.5

1.2

o

(1)
(1)

O
(')

(')
1.2

O
O
(11)
()
0

7.5

7.5

7.6
(2)

(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

State and area
Oct.
1993
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.

1994?

139.2
5.6
3.4
5.2
9.7

806.2
13.2
14.3
460.4
39.8
23.5
31.3
30.0

39.8
32.5

39.5
32.2

131.8
99.4

129.8
98.0

129.5
97.7

21.5
8.0

21.9
7.9

21.8
7.8

113.2
39.1

118.5
39.7

118.7
40.0

313.9
2.9
2.5
226.8
7.9
5.2
1.9
7.9
6.6
5.1

316.7
2.9
2.6
229.6
8.4
5.1
1.9
8.0
6.7
5.2

317.8
2.9
2.7
231.6
8.4
5.1
1.9
8.2
7.2
5.2

1,257.6
16.0
20.0
873.9
46.7
12.3

9.7
36.4
33.2
21.6

1,287.3
16.0
20.0
903.1
48.7
12.3
10.0
37.5
34.4
23.0

1,290.9
16.4
20.0
904.3
49.1
12.5
10.1
37.3
34.4
23.0

135.2
1.6
3.0

137.5
1.9

136.9
1.9
3.2
6.5
15.3
16.1
42.2

1.2
2.3
5.4
5.4
2.7

615.0
14.1
19.6
34.9
55.0
57.7
190.5
10.2
17.3
12.6
30.5
18.8

621.1
14.3
20.2
34.1
58.3
57.6
203.6
9.8
17.2
12.7
31.6
18.3

625.4
14.4
20.3
34.1
58.5
58.3
208.1
10.2
17.3
12.7
31.5
18.2

574.8
7.6
11.1
201.9
44.5
20.2
18.7
17.2

204.4
2.9
1.6

206.9
3.2
1.7

207.1
3.3
1.7

141.1
5.4
3.4
5.2
9.2

139.1
5.5
3.4
5.3
9.6

Hawaii
Honolulu .

18.7
13.7

17.4
13.0

17.2
13.0

40.7
33.5

Idaho
Boise City ....

71.7
29.1

73.0
31.8

73.8
31.9

Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island.
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

939.2
7.3

934.1

935.8

8.3
10.3
642.1
29.1
9.8
6.8
24.4

8.3

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson .
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

28.3
12.9

6.9
31.3
47.4
4.1

10.1
6.8
24.6

50.9
4.2

51.0
4.2

640.8
8.6
55.6
32.1
68.5
52.6
124.0
20.5
17.8
11.0
21.6
13.0

657.4
9.0
58.6
32.3
71.0
53.6
125.7
20.9
19.6
11.2
22.0
13.3

653.5
9.1
58.9
27.8
71.0
52.9

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls .

238.4
20.9
25.4
12.6
4.2
12.1
14.1

245.7
21.5
25.2
13.3
4.4
12.3
14.1

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

181.6
4.5
9.1
57.2

Kentucky
Lexington ....
Louisville
Owensboro .
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City .
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn .
Portland

Oct.
1994?

802.3
13.3
14.4
457.4
39.7
23.3
31.0
30.0

573.5
7.5
11.1
201.1
44.6
20.2
19.1
17.2

10.2
642.5
29.4

Sept.
1994

786.9
13.1
15.2
445.2
39.8
22.5
31.3
30.2

558.4
7.4
11.1
197.3
43.6
20.5
18.8
17.7

10.3
641.7

Oct.
1993

6.8
16.0
16.8
43.0

3.1
6.5
15.3

4.9
5.4
2.7

16.5
42.1
1.3
2.3
5.3
5.4
2.6

246.0
21.5
25.3
13.2
4.3
12.3
14.0

57.2
5.9
11.9
1.9
1.8
3.5
1.9

58.1
5.9
12.2
1.9
1.9
3.5
2.0

58.4
5.9
12.3
2.0
1.9
3.5
2.0

323.5
23.2
64.8
11.2
11.4
15.4
16.2

328.6
23.0
65.2
11.3
11.6
15.4
16.2

328.7
23.3
65.6
11.6
11.6
15.5
16.4

182.9
4.4
9.5
56.5

182.8
4.4
9.3
56.5

67.1
1.2
6.7

69.8
1.2
6.9
11.4

277.0
9.9
20.7
57.4

278.9

11.3

69.6
1.2
7.0
11.4

20.8
57.6

280.0
10.0
20.8
57.7

293.7
38.6
87.2
6.1

302.7
39.3
88.5
6.3

304.1

82.8
9.0
33.3
2.0

84.8
8.9
34.5
2.0

84.8
9.0
34.5
2.0

363.5
55.7

372.8
55.4
124.0
10.4

374.8
55.7
123.7
10.4

188.8
3.5
23.0
5.5

188.6
3.4
23.0
5.5
16.1

190.7
3.5
23.5
5.8
16.4

106.2
2.5

108.8
2.5
11.8
5.9
8.2
4.3
3.4
42.4
8.1

109.9
2.6
11.7
5.9
8.2
4.5
3.4
42.5
8.0

381.1
11.2
56.2
14.7
34.7
16.5
14.9
139.7
36.2

394.9
11.0
58.1
15.3
36.2
16.4
15.6

395.9
11.1
58.6
15.4
36.0
16.6
15.8

140.9
37.5

141.6
37.2

21.6
1.5
5.8

21.2
1.6
5.7

134.9
11.0
38.2

139.6
10.5
38.4

139.8
10.9
39.5

126.0
21.0
19.4
11.2
22.1
13.3

39.5
88.5
6.4

1.3
2.3

10.9

11.2

7.9
47.8
20.2

8.1

11.3
8.1

49.1
20.7

49.2
20.8

11.7
5.8
8.1
4.6
3.3
43.4
8.1

92.8
8.4
13.6

93.3
8.8
14.1

93.3
8.6
14.1

21.7
1.5
5.8

15.7

120.0
10.1

9.9

See footnotes at end of table.




89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Oct.
1993
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994^

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

167.2
2.1
2.0
110.2
6.6
7.3
8.2
4.5

168.0
1.9
2.0
112.1
6.8
7.3
8.1
4.1

167.3
1.9
2.0
111.7
6.8
7.3
8.1
4.1

755.6
12.2
11.5
465.0
42.8
22.9
29.2
33.6

820.4
12.3
11.5
510.7
43.4
24.6
31.2
34.8

821.7
12.3
11.6
511.9
43.5
24.8
31.4
34.5

557.7
11.9
19.5
240.1
40.0
20.0
36.2
19.8

560.0
12.2
17.2
238.3
39.6
19.7
35.6
20.4

578.5
12.2
21.1
247.4
39.9
19.8
36.3
20.7

Hawaii
Honolulu

39.6
32.4

39.3
32.2

39.2
32.1

163.7
120.7

163.7
120.4

164.8
121.2

110.6
89.4

102.4
81.6

111.1
89.6

Idaho
Boise City

23.1
10.9

24.6
11.7

24.6
11.7

100.5
37.5

105.1
38.2

103.8
38.1

93.7
27.8

95.2
28.2

96.6
29.0

Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

383.4
12.0
3.4
299.1
7.4
2.3
1.8
8.5
7.0
7.9

388.0
12.3
3.3
304.4
7.7
2.3
1.7
8.3
7.0
8.1

387.2
12.4
3.3
303.4
7.8
2.3
1.7
8.3
6.9
8.2

1,489.9
16.2
19.8
1,086.4
41.6
13.1
10.2
43.7
38.5
29.9

1,526.1
16.8
20.3
1,125.4
43.3
13.4
10.5
45.4
40.4
30.8

1,526.4
16.8
20.6
1,125.8
43.1
13.2
10.5
45.1
40.5
30.7

784.0
14.3
35.4
465.0
26.2
5.7
6.7
17.6
15.9
33.0

765.9
13.2
32.1
460.0
26.2
6.2
6.5
17.6
15.4
32.5

785.4
13.8
34.8
464.3
27.0
6.2
6.8
17.7
16.1
33.1

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

128.1
2.1
2.9
6.0
13.1
9.3
54.5
1.4
3.5
1.8
6.4
2.3

129.3
2.4
3.0
5.9
13.3
9.3
55.2
1.4
3.7
1.8
5.9
2.4

128.9
2.5
3.0
5.8
13.2
9.4
54.9
1.3
3.8
1.8
6.0
2.3

575.0
12.1
16.6
37.7
55.7
59.2
176.9
8.6
17.7
13.7
39.5
14.9

591.5
12.0
17.1
37.0
57.3
58.5
174.9
8.3
17.8
14.0
41.0
13.9

597.8
12.0
17.0
37.0
59.6
59.0
176.7
8.3
18.4
14.0
40.8
14.1

406.0
19.8
6.8
14.7
25.4
35.3
110.5
7.3
24.7
13.5
13.2
11.1

401.1
18.8
6.2
14.5
25.7
39.4
109.2
7.6
24.1
13.6
13.1
11.0

407.3
19.1
6.5
14.4
25.9
39.9
108.8
7.8
24.3
14.0
13.2
11.4

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

74.5
5.4
34.6
1.6
1.7
2.7
2.8

76.1
5.6
35.7
1.6
1.7
2.7
2.7

76.3
5.5
35.4
1.6
1.8
2.7
2.7

323.2
28.7
67.9
15.9
11.4
17.6
16.2

330.0
29.0
68.0
15.6
12.3
17.2
16.4

331.0
29.7
69.3
15.4
12.4
17.7
16.5

228.0
12.5
33.2
3.9
27.7
6.9
12.6

224.9
11.9
33.8
4.0
26.2
6.7
12.0

232.2
12.3
34.2
4.0
27.6
7.0
13.0

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

58.2
1.7
6.1
11.0

58.7
1.8
6.3
10.9

58.5
1.8
6.2
10.9

274.3
9.1
25.2
66.7

281.7
8.6
25.0
66.6

281.8
8.8
25.1
66.4

234.9
13.2
23.2
33.5

231.8
12.8
23.1
33.3

236.2
13.1
23.2
34.5

Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro

62.8
9.4
28.6
1.7

62.4
9.1
29.2
1.6

62.4
9.0
29.1
1.6

367.2
63.5
136.5
9.5

377.1
65.1
138.2
9,8

379.0
66.5
138.0
9.7

280.1
55.2
68.5
6.9

287.8
54.7
67.0
6.9

292.4
56.3
67.6
7.1

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City

78.1
2.2
14.8
2.3
5.6
2.6
4.3
30.1
6.7

79.2
2.1
14.6
2.2
5.6
2.6
4.3
29.9
6.6

79.6
2.1
14.7
2.2
5.6
2.6
4.3
30.1
6.7

411.4
14.3
63.3
11.7
32.6
17.3
15.9
170.0
41.3

437.4
14.7
65.1
12.0
33.1
18.3
16.1
174.4
45.1

438.9
14.9
66.2
12.0
33.2
18.3
16.1
175.1
45.0

342.4
13.1
58.1
12.0
22.2
12.2
12.2
102.1
31.2

350.0
12.9
57.9
12.4
22.1
12.6
12.0
104.8
31.2

353.3
13.1
58.5
12.5
22.0
12.7
12.0
105.3
31.3

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

25.9
2.0
12.2

26.0
2.0
12.1

25.7
2.0
12.0

138.3
11.7
35.6

140.9
12.1
34.9

141.5
12.4
35.1

96.8
4.9
17.4

93.1
4.6
15.7

96.2
4.7
16.7

See footnotes at end of table.

90




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area

Oct.

Oct.
1993

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C.

2,124.3

2,132.2
1,109.3
414.7
783.4

2,140.5
1,114.3

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster .
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

2,895.1

2,948.8
1,787.1
84.0

2,966.7

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland .
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,043.0
250.0
68.6
1,897.8
165.0
474.0
56.6
199.5
219.1
167.9

4,155.2
248.2
69.7

4,195.5
252.4
70.9

1,947.4
170.5
486.5
57.7
201.7
218.5
171.4

1,963.5
170.9
491.1
58.2
204.1
220.7
172.7

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,286.7
101.8

2,322.9
102.3

1,474.3
70.6
78.7

1,497.3
69.9
78.9

2,345.5
103.7
1,514.0
69.8
80.2

Mississippi
Jackson ....

1,019.5
199.6

1,041.1
203.4

1,042.8
203.5

5.3

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

2,442.4
815.9

2,514.0
841.3

4.5

1,204.8
141.7

2,503.7
836.8
1,230.0
147.2

1,102.7

418.9
774.8
1,756.4
83.0

49.6
133.3
102.6
61.1

41.1
240.3
208.7

49.5

1994P

787.2

137.0

137.3

()

103.2
62.4
41.4
242.5
210.5

104.2
62.6

O

344.3

344.0

775.8
130.7
350.2

788.2
131.8
351.5

794.5
132.6
356.3

Nevada
Las Vegas ...
Reno

689.4
467.3
154.1

722.3
493.2
158.8

723.9
495.7
158.9

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester .

512.5
86.1
80.8
104.6

521.1
87.1
81.9
105.0

523.8
87.2
83.0

3,529.4
167.3
611.4
435.2
235.8
553.2
334.7
914.5
196.9
56.5

3,571.6
180.1
611.8
440.9
238.4
557.7
346.2
919.3
193.4
57.5

3,592.0
170.0
618.9
445.8
239.7
563.4
342.8
929.1
197.6
58.5

636.3
295.0
46.6
68.3

665.6
308.3
47.2
70.6

668.5
310.3

7,805.5
434.9
114.0

7,834.6
428.7
111.5

7,889.5
434.4
112.6

105.9

48.1
70.8

.1
.1
.2

.1
.1
.3

212.4

1,235.1
148.8

O

C)

41.7
243.5

335.7

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton

1.3
.4

1.3
.4

1,798.4
85.1
50.1

Montana

New Mexico ....
Albuquerque...
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

1.2
.2

416.1

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

Oct.
1993

Oct.
1994P

Sept.
1994

9.0

9.0
(

V)
(1)

V)

O
(1)
O
(1)
V)
V)

O
1.0

1.0

0
0
V)
8.6
5.4

8.4
5.2

()
V)
5.4

0
V)

5.2

O

O

94.3
50.9
2.6
1.3
4.9
4.2
2.0
1.3
7.0
7.0

145.9
7.0
2.0
62.1
5.3

156.2
7.0
2.1
66.8
5.9
21.7
1.9
7.5
7.0
8.5

157.4
7.0
2.1
68.3
5.9

90.0
4.2
53.3
2.6
3.8

91.4
4.1
54.8
2.6
4.0

90.4
4.2
54.3
2.6
4.0

43.3
8.5

42.7
8.8

41.9
8.5

102.7
36.5
58.4
6.2

114.0
41.7
66.0
6.2

112.5
41.8
64.5
6.3

21.6
1.9
7.5
6.8
8.6

16.6

1.5

1.5

34.1
5.5
16.7

34.9
5.8
16.5

34.5
5.6
16.4

13.0
1.8
.7

13.0
1.8
.7

48.8
37.5
8.1

50.1
37.8
9.0

37.8
9.0

18.6
3.3
2.2
2.7

18.8
3.6
2.2
2.8

19.0
3.7
2.2
2.8

122.9
5.8

128.8
5.9
22.8
20.9

.5

O
2.0

O

1.9

.5

.8

.8

O
.3

O
V)
V)

.3

0

5.8
.6

o

1.8

1.9

38.6
19.2
2.4
3.7

43.6
21.4
2.9
3.9

44.3
22.2
3.0
4.1

254.3
16.6
4.5

273.2
17.0
4.8

271.9
16.5
4.9

17.6

16.1

O

O

50.1

131.1
5.8
23.5
20.4
5.0
18.0
17.3
30.6
4.6
1.8

21.3
18.1
4.7

V)
V)
V)

V)
.6

O

94.4
51.3
2.6
1.3
4.9
4.3
2.0
1.3
7.1
7.0

17.2

O

5.5
.5

91.8
51.2
2.7
1.3
4.9
4.2
2.0
1.4
7.2
6.4

16.2

O
O

V)

125.9
61.2
13.3
53.1

5.5

1.5

12.6
1.7
.7

126.0
60.8
13.2
53.6

5.6

5.8

0

Oct.

124.2
58.9
13.0
51.7

20.1
1.8
7.0
6.6
8.1

()
7.6
5.0

Sept.

31.2
4.6

4.9
18.1
16.9
30.6
4.7

See footnotes at end of table.




91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994p

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

179.2
108.2
38.2
34.2

177.9
106.3
37.6
34.5

178.2
106.1
37.5
34.6

99.8
53.6
21.2
31.5

96.6
51.8
20.0
31.9

97.0
52.0
19.6
31.9

499.1
250.3
66.6
185.6

508.0
255.9
67.2
190.4

508.5
256.8
66.7
191.8

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

452.8
225.5
11.1
14.7
33.7
30.9
15.7
7.8
40.7
39.3

448.2
221.8
11.2
14.5
35.1
30.7
16.1
7.3
40.3
39.6

447.7
220.5
11.3
14.6
35.0
30.7
16.1
7.4
40.4
39.8

126.8
80.0
4.6
2.0
4.1
5.3
2.4
1.2
8.8
9.7

128.1
81.5
4.7
2.0
3.9
5.2
2.3
1.1
8.9
10.2

128.1
81.1
4.7
2.0
3.9
5.4
2.3
1.1
9.0
10.1

654.5
377.4
26.4
11.3
33.7
20.9
14.7
10.0
53.9
46.6

677.2
388.3
27.0
10.7
34.8
21.3
15.0
10.4
55.3
46.5

680.7
390.9
27.6
10.9
34.8
21.2
15.1
10.5
55.2
46.8

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

902.3
52.3
20.2
410.4
44.7
135.9
12.4
49.3
28.4
41.0

954.4
55.0
21.2
440.0
47.2
141.2
13.1
50.8
30.0
41.4

956.1
54.2
21.5
440.7
46.8
142.5
13.2
50.7
30.1
41.4

158.0
5.3
2.9
85.5
4.4
17.1
3.6
6.1
6.3
6.6

162.2
5.4
2.9
86.0
4.2
17.3
3.6
6.3
6.2
6.5

161.7
5.4
2.9
85.9
4.2
17.3
3.6
6.4
6.2
6.4

941.9
47.5
14.4
454.0
39.4
114.3
13.9
43.5
47.8
42.3

964.7
48.3
15.0
451.2
39.9
115.0
14.0
43.4
47.9
43.6

969.0
48.1
14.9
454.5
40.1
115.7
13.9
43.9
48.4
43.7

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

409.0
8.3
265.3
11.8
13.8

424.5
8.4
270.8
11.3
14.4

421.2
8.3
271.5
10.9
14.3

110.5
6.3
77.9
2.0
2.8

111.4
6.2
78.7
2.0
2.8

112.1
6.3
79.1
2.0
2.8

542.2
26.5
347.0
14.6
23.7

556.9
26.6
353.5
14.9
23.9

556.9
26.7
355.3
14.9
24.2

Mississippi
Jackson

256.0
21.5

260.1
22.2

261.1
22.5

46.9
13.3

45.7
15.6

46.0
15.5

211.9
47.4

217.1
48.4

216.2
48.7

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

411.9
105.7
196.3
21.3

416.4
107.7
196.3
21.7

417.3
107.6
196.4
21.9

155.7
64.5
78.3
8.2

154.9
65.6
81.2
8.5

154.2
65.6
81.3
8.5

578.6
200.1
284.6
40.2

590.8
203.5
287.8
42.5

592.1
204.2
288.5
42.7

Montana

23.9

23.1

23.4

20.3

20.8

20.9

88.9

92.4

91.9

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

104.9
15.5
34.9

106.1
16.3
34.7

106.9
16.4
34.8

47.1
7.6
24.2

48.3
7.5
24.9

48.5
7.4
25.0

195.1
28.1
88.3

198.0
27.8
88.8

199.7
28.2
89.8

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

30.4
16.0
10.7

32.0
17.2
11.2

32.2
17.4
11.2

35.8
23.3
10.6

37.2
24.5
10.8

37.3
24.6
10.8

136.2
93.3
34.7

141.5
97.6
35.8

141.5
97.8
35.8

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester

97.4
11.4
26.1
17.3

98.4
11.3
25.9
17.8

98.7
11.4
26.0
17.7

18.4
5.5
2.2
3.5

18.4
6.1
2.1
3.7

18.5
6.1
2.1
3.8

130.5
20.8
20.1
26.4

132.2
21.3
20.2
26.6

132.5
21.2
19.9
26.3

519.6
7.1
114.7
58.1
34.9
97.3
21.1
144.4
23.2
14.3

513.5
7.2
113.2
57.7
35.4
93.6
20.6
142.5
22.3
14.7

512.5
7.2
112.1
57.8
35.3
93.8
20.5
142.5
22.4
14.8

237.1
7.1
28.3
19.9
29.6
44.1
18.2
77.2
6.7
2.2

240.5
7.5
28.7
20.8
29.5
45.1
18.6
78.1
6.5
2.2

241.3
7.3
28.5
20.7
29.9
45.2
18.6
78.4
6.7
2.4

821.1
33.7
172.0
115.7
55.1
129.6
89.9
179.3
31.6
10.5

841.3
40.0
172.8
117.4
55.5
131.7
94.5
183.3
31.0
10.8

842.1
34.6
175.9
120.6
55.8
133.4
92.7
183.5
31.2
10.9

44.4
26.4
2.6
2.1

46.5
28.3
2.8
2.2

45.5
28.0
2.6
2.2

29.3
12.8
1.7
1.1

30.0
13.5
1.7
1.2

30.1
13.6
1.7
1.2

148.9
70.2
10.0
13.9

156.3
73.5
10.3
15.0

156.3
73.8
10.3
15.0

982.5
44.2
26.0

957.5
43.4
24.2

955.0
43.5
24.2

406.0
16.4
4.5

404.6
16.1
4.1

403.4
16.2
4.1

1,558.9
87.2
24.7

1,585.8
87.4
24.8

1,589.9
89.1
24.8

New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
See footnotes at end of table.

92



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

129.8
73.3
38.2
47.8

128.5
73.2
37.7
47.3

128.0
72.5
37.4
47.5

667.8
349.5
151.8
252.3

676.3
354.2
149.7
254.7

673.8
355.5
151.3
253.4

423.2
208.7
89.9
171.7

417.7
206.9
89.3
171.0

427.9
210.0
90.3
174.9

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

199.7
144.9
3.3
1.7
4.9
3.4
2.0
1.9
14.0
15.1

201.8
147.9
3.5
1.8
4.9
3.5
2.0
2.0
13.4
15.6

201.0
147.4
3.4
1.8
4.9
3.5
2.0
1.9
13.4
15.6

976.6
660.2
19.8
12.0
35.2
24.1
14.8
13.7
71.9
59.8

1,015.7
682.2
20.5
12.5
37.0
25.5
15.4
14.5
73.8
60.8

1,020.5
690.0
20.6
12.7
37.0
25.9
15.4
14.5
74.1
61.8

391.6
216.8
15.1
6.6
16.8
13.8
9.5
5.0
43.7
31.6

382.1
213.7
14.5
6.7
16.4
12.7
9.6
4.7
43.6
30.5

393.2
217.1
14.9
6.8
16.8
13.3
9.7
4.9
44.3
31.1

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland .
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

188.8
9.3
2.6
104.2
6.3
19.1
1.9
10.3
12.1
6.2

195.3
9.5
2.6
107.8
6.4
19.6
1.9
10.5
12.4
6.3

193.8
9.3
2.6
106.7
6.4
19.5
1.9
10.6
12.4
6.2

1,036.0
56.8
17.0
544.2
41.1
115.2
12.7
47.7
48.9
40.9

1,078.6
57.6
16.9
566.3
42.5
119.0
13.3
48.7
49.4
42.6

1,085.7
57.8
17.5
570.5
42.7
120.3
13.3
49.3
49.4
43.3

661.3
71.8
9.4
236.3
23.8
52.3
10.3
35.7
69.1
22.7

634.9
65.5
8.9
228.4
24.3
52.7
10.0
34.5
65.5
22.6

662.8
70.6
9.3
235.9
24.7
54.1
10.2
35.8
67.2
23.0

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

137.6
3.4
109.0
1.9
2.4

139.1
3.5
110.0
1.8
2.4

138.8
3.4
110.0
1.8
2.4

626.8
27.2
415.6
30.4
19.1

648.1
28.2
427.5
30.2
19.3

651.7
28.2
430.5
30.2
19.5

363.0
20.9
205.7
7.3
13.1

342.9
19.9
201.5
7.1
12.1

366.0
21.4
212.8
7.4
13.0

38.8
14.5

38.9
14.5

38.6
14.4

201.6
52.4

216.9
51.5

215.9
51.5

215.7
41.5

214.3
42.0

217.9
42.0

142.4
62.6
74.1
6.3

143.6
63.2
73.9
6.5

143.9
63.4
73.7
6.5

660.0
221.5
360.4
41.6

695.5
227.1
375.3
44.1

697.3
229.1
377.4
44.5

386.6
125.0
152.7
17.9

384.2
128.0
149.5
17.7

392.4
129.6
153.3
18.4

15.0

15.1

15.0

88.8

92.4

91.3

76.8

111

79.4
155.7
35.2
52.0

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
Montana
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

50.4
8.7
29.7

50.3
8.5
29.6

50.3
8.5
29.6

191.3
30.9
105.3

196.4
30.9
106.9

197.4
31.3
108.7

151.4
34.4
51.1

152.7
35.0
50.1

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

31.7
23.2
7.2

32.2
23.6
7.4

32.3
23.6
7.4

302.8
215.9
61.7

321.3
232.6
62.4

321.4
232.8
62.7

91.1
56.4
20.4

95.0
58.1
21.5

96.1
59.9
21.3

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester

29.9
7.4
3.2
6.8

29.1
6.6
3.0
6.5

29.0
6.6
3.0
6.4

140.1
27.6
20.0
23.8

147.2
27.9
21.4
26.6

147.5
27.9
22.4
26.5

77.1
10.1
7.0
24.1

76.5
10.3
7.1
21.0

78.1
10.3
7.4
22.4

229.2
5.6
36.0
22.6
20.0
43.1
19.1
68.1
10.5
3.4

232.2
5.7
38.0
21.9
20.7
43.4
18.6
68.7
10.4
3.4

231.1
5.4
38.2
21.2
21.0
43.0
18.7
68.9
10.3
3.4

1,029.4
79.6
168.5
124.1
51.9
142.2
108.2
271.6
66.8
11.4

1,066.3
85.4
169.0
127.8
54.3
150.4
116.1
279.8
66.3
11.6

1,065.6
81.3
169.8
128.1
54.8
149.2
113.4
281.9
68.8
11.8

568.2
28.4
70.6
76.7
39.6
78.7
62.1
142.0
53.5
12.6

547.0
28.4
67.3
74.4
38.1
74.8
60.9
135.5
52.2
12.6

566.4
28.4
70.9
77.0
37.9
80.3
61.6
142.5
53.6
13.1

27.8
15.7
1.9
2.8

29.3
16.3
1.9
3.0

29.4
16.4
1.9
3.0

168.5
90.3
9.7
19.5

178.5
94.2
9.9
20.6

178.6
94.6
10.1
20.4

162.6
60.4
18.3
25.2

164.6
61.1
17.7
24.7

167.2
61.7
18.5
24.9

728.2
27.2
4.1

735.4
27.0
4.1

732.0
27.0
4.0

2,446.2
130.2
28.0

2,494.0
127.3
28.1

2,512.5
129.1
28.3

1,423.8
112.5
22.1

1,378.4
109.8
21.5

1,419.2
112.5
22.3

New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ...
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Constructior

Mining

State and area
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

01
(1)
(1)
()
0

O
(1)

01
(1)
()
01
()

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

535.6
104.2
41.0
48.4
1,065.6
3,786.4
3,296.6
114.7
522.7
97.6
336.0
126.5
373.7

538.4
101.8
40.4
50.5
1,059.8
3,782.0
3,293.7
116.2
521.3
97.3
333.1
126.8
372.6

540.5
102.8
40.8
49.3
1,070.8
3,808.0
3,316.8
116.7
525.7
97.7
337.3
127.5
374.9

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

3,312.0
99.1
661.3
576.0
527.5

3,365.1
99.1
673.8
582.7
530.4

3,390.0
99.9
677.8
586.4
536.4

291.8
44.3
87.4
47.2

296.8
44.7
85.9
48.1

299.5
44.9
87.3
49.0

Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

4,967.4
299.7
170.4
774.9
1,058.9
733.1
447.9
296.3
232.4

5,002.3
302.7
172.9
786.9
1,063.0
733.3
450.2
297.1
234.6

5,023.8
304.0
173.3
789.0
1,070.4
738.6
452.9
300.1
238.0

14.2
.4
.7
.6
.9
.7
.6
.2
.7

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,246.5
23.2
36.2
448.2
334.6

1,273.7
22.8
37.7
454.9
339.3

1,276.7
23.2
37.6
458.4
340.8

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem

1,343.4
123.4
61.0
780.3
121.4

1,375.9
124.5
61.4
799.4
122.1

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

5,162.4
254.9
56.5
125.2
321.3
84.7
197.6
2,137.0
687.4
1,046.7
155.8
267.3
42.7
65.3
50.9
155.3
436.6
487.3

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
See footnotes at end of table.

94




Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

21.0
4.2
1.4
2.0
41.3
109.0
87.6
3.9
18.0
3.2
15.2
3.8
16.6

21.9
4.0
1.4
2.1
42.7
113.9
92.5
4.1
18.4
3.3
16.0
4.0
16.6

21.6
4.1
1.4
2.1
42.1
113.3
91.8
4.1
17.9
3.3
15.6
4.2
16.7

3.4

158.4
4.8
32.8
24.5
23.6

167.4
5.0
33.9
24.4
24.0

167.2
4.9
34.1
24.4
24.0

3.9

14.0
2.6
5.2
2.1

15.0
2.7
5.8
2.6

14.9
2.7
5.7
2.6

14.4
.4
.7
.7
1.0
.7
.6
.2
.6

14.4
.4
.7
.7
1.1
.7
.6
.2
.6

198.6
11.3
8.1
35.3
40.6
28.6
15.9
12.1
9.5

199.9
11.2
8.2
35.4
40.8
28.6
15.7
10.9
9.7

198.3
11.3
8.1
35.4
40.8
28.2
15.7
10.9
9.5

35.2
.9
.1
8.1
9.4

35.1
1.0
.1
8.3
9.2

34.6
1.0
.1
8.1
9.1

42.8
.8
1.4
15.4
12.1

48.5
.8
1.6
16.1
12.8

49.0
.7
1.6
16.4
12.9

1,389.0
127.4
62.8
806.2
122.8

1.8
.2
.1
.9
.3

1.6
.2
.1
.8
.2

1.6
.2
.1
.9
.2

59.0
5.3
2.5
36.7
5.2

68.0
6.6
2.5
40.9
5.3

67.7
6.4
2.6
40.6
5.2

5,198.3
255.8
58.4
127.4
321.8
84.9
199.0
2,148.0
686.2
1,049.1
155.6
268.7
44.2
63.3
50.7
157.1

5,242.1
257.6
58.4
127.8
323.7
85.6
200.4
2,168.5
692.5
1,055.7
157.9
271.1
44.8
65.7
51.5
157.9

21.6
(1)
1
()

19.8

O

o

()

.5

5

5

211.7
10.2
2.5
4.4
13.5
5.8
11.2
81.2
10.8
52.2
6.5
9.7
1.3
3.0
2.0
7.7

216.4
10.3
2.6
4.8
13.5
5.3
11.4
88.0
11.5
51.2
6.7
9.9
1.4
2.9
2.2
8.0

214.7
10.3
2.6
4.8
13.4
5.2
11.3
88.3
11.3
51.0
6.7
9.9
1.4
2.8
2.2
8.2

438.5
487.7

439.5
490.4

.2
.2

.2
.2

.2
.2

12.4
13.9

12.4
13.2

12.2
12.7

o
o

0.3

0.3

0

(1)

1

9

()
(1)

V)

o

V)
0
3.3

3.4

(11)
()

(1)

(1)

0
0

o
o

4.0

3.9

O

o
o

(')
()
(1)

V)

o

V)

19.8

o
.4

.4
(1)

(1)

o 4.2

o 3.3

O

(1)

O
(1)

.4

3.3

(1)

(1)
(')
(1)

o

V)
V)
V)
V)
V)

.6

.6

.7

(1)

.9

.9

1.0

0

o 0.3
(1)

(1)

O

o
o

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

89.5
16.2
8.3
9.7
122.0
354.5
295.6
13.0
128.7
13.0
49.9
20.7
43.8

90.4
14.7
8.4
9.6
116.6
349.6
291.2
13.5
124.6
12.6
49.0
20.7
43.8

90.3
14.7
8.5
9.4
116.8
348.3
289.8
13.4
124.6
12.5
48.3
20.6
44.0

26.2
3.8
1.5
1.4
49.7
230.0
203.3
6.5
16.8
5.7
20.2
4.1
20.3

25.8
3.8
1.5
1.5
47.9
226.5
200.6
6.5
16.2
5.6
19.4
4.2
19.6

25.6
3.8
1.5
1.4
48.3
226.7
200.7
6.4
16.2
5.6
19.4
4.1
19.7

132.0
21.3
10.4
11.2
272.4
641.9
534.6
29.4
112.0
21.0
78.1
25.6
82.3

134.0
21.3
10.1
12.5
277.2
643.5
536.2
30.3
112.2
21.5
79.7
26.5
81.8

133.4
21.4
10.1
11.9
277.1
648.1
540.0
30.2
112.5
21.4
80.5
26.4
82.6

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

852.2
21.4
147.3
167.6
79.3

857.6
21.0
148.9
169.8
79.8

859.1
21.2
149.4
170.2
80.0

157.7
4.8
52.9
30.1
23.7

156.5
5.0
52.8
30.1
23.6

156.6
5.0
52.9
30.2
23.5

743.5
23.0
156.9
128.6
106.1

750.5
22.6
159.2
128.9
106.3

754.8
22.8
159.6
129.7
107.3

20.3
2.3
6.7
3.4

21.8
2.5
7.0
3.5

22.2
2.5
7.0
3.6

18.3
3.3
4.7
2.3

18.5
3.3
4.6
2.4

18.6
3.3
4.6
2.5

75.6
11.2
24.9
12.5

76.0
11.3
24.3
12.5

76.3
11.4
24.5
12.6

1,046.6
62.5
44.4
142.7
217.3
92.6
94.0
55.9
54.2

1,065.0
61.7
46.2
142.6
219.7
93.2
95.6
58.2
54.0

1,067.1
62.0
46.3
143.7
219.8
93.3
95.6
58.0
56.2

215.3
14.4
6.0
40.0
42.7
31.4
17.8
13.3
8.7

213.7
13.8
5.9
41.0
42.7
31.6
17.6
13.1
8.5

214.1
13.8
5.9
41.0
42.8
31.8
17.8
13.1
8.5

1,179.3
71.1
41.6
196.1
244.4
188.4
102.3
72.7
60.3

1,191.4
71.9
42.3
200.7
243.4
188.0
104.0
73.0
61.3

1,187.9
72.1
42.3
199.9
243.9
188.9
104.2
73.3
61.3

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

169.1
1.6
3.7
48.7
54.5

170.0
1.7
3.7
49.8
54.1

169.7
1.7
3.7
50.3
54.6

71.2
2.1
1.7
21.5
26.5

71.5
2.0
1.7
21.3
26.6

71.1
2.0
1.8
21.0
26.6

289.9
6.7
8.5
106.0
77.3

300.8
6.7
8.5
108.6
76.8

299.5
6.8
8.4
108.8
76.7

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem

217.5
19.0
8.8
124.3
18.8

225.3
19.6
9.2
129.3
19.4

222.7
19.6
9.2
128.5
18.8

66.6
4.6
3.1
44.0
3.5

67.7
5.0
3.1
43.9
3.6

67.5
4.9
3.1
43.9
3.6

333.9
30.8
19.1
192.7
26.1

343.0
30.0
19.1
199.4
26.6

341.4
30.1
19.8
199.7
26.4

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

938.1
61.8
9.8
34.5
47.9
12.3
55.5
313.7
66.3
130.7
44.0
59.1
9.4
8.2
13.6
46.2

939.9
61.4
10.4
35.0
47.3
13.0
55.8
309.0
65.3
131.4
43.9
60.4
10.3
8.7
13.5
46.6

940.6
61.6
10.5
35.1
47.8
13.0
55.9
308.7
65.2
131.2
44.0
60.3
10.4
8.7
13.6
47.0

269.7
12.8
5.1
4.3
20.9
5.1
6.9
102.6
38.0
64.9
6.7
15.8
1.7
1.9
1.8
8.7

270.6
12.2
5.1
4.6
20.5
5.0
6.7
102.7
37.8
63.0
6.6
15.5
1.8
1.8
1.8
8.7

273.0
12.4
5.0
4.6
20.7
5.0
7.0
103.4
38.0
63.2
6.7
15.5
1.8
1.8
1.8
8.8

1,152.1
52.5
15.1
27.4
68.2
20.2
48.4
468.6
117.8
252.3
35.5
63.9
10.6
12.2
11.8
37.9

1,164.3
52.4
15.5
27.3
67.7
20.2
49.2
470.0
117.8
256.3
35.7
64.7
11.0
12.1
11.9
37.2

1,174.9
53.1
15.6
27.3
69.0
20.4
49.6
474.0
118.8
258.0
36.1
65.4
11.1
12.0
12.0
37.6

Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick

88.2
111.5

86.9
111.1

87.0
112.0

14.4
17.0

14.6
17.0

14.5
16.9

95.7
108.2

97.2
109.0

96.5
108.6

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

See footnotes at end of table.




95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994p

New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

28.5
4.4
1.4
1.7
79.9
504.2
470.6
6.1
23.9
5.2
19.6
8.1
27.3

28.4
4.5
1.5
1.7
80.0
512.8
480.5
6.2
24.2
5.1
19.6
8.2
26.2

28.4
4.5
1.4
1.7
79.5
511.0
478.8
6.1
24.1
5.1
19.6
8.2
26.0

150.5
31.9
10.9
12.6
325.3
1,291.6
1,130.8
29.5
145.0
29.0
93.9
32.9
126.4

152.2
32.2
10.6
13.7
329.0
1,305.6
1,141.8
30.1
150.0
29.2
92.1
33.5
129.0

153.3
32.3
10.8
12.9
331.1
1,317.7
1,154.5
30.0
151.3
29.3
94.2
33.5
128.3

87.9
22.4
7.2
9.7
175.0
655.2
573.9
26.4
77.3
20.5
59.2
31.4
56.9

85.8
21.2
6.9
9.5
166.4
630.2
550.7
25.6
74.8
19.9
57.3
29.6
55.7

87.8
22.0
7.1
9.9
175.8
643.1
560.9
26.5
78.2
20.5
59.7
30.6
57.6

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

141.2
3.1
41.4
28.4
24.6

146.5
3.1
43.6
28.2
25.2

146.5
3.2
43.4
28.4
25.2

708.7
27.0
152.6
132.8
155.2

732.5
27.1
154.2
135.3
155.5

740.5
27.4
155.6
136.0
158.2

546.9
15.0
77.4
64.0
115.0

550.8
15.3
81.2
66.0
116.0

561.9
15.4
82.8
67.5
118.2

13.5
1.9
5.3
1.6

14.0
2.0
5.4
1.6

13.9
2.0
5.4
1.6

78.5
13.6
24.8
12.6

80.6
13.4
23.8
12.9

81.4
13.5
24.4
12.8

67.6
9.4
15.8
12.7

67.0
9.5
15.0
12.6

68.3
9.5
15.7
13.3

258.7
12.0
6.6
45.9
65.4
59.6
17.2
11.3
10.3

261.4
12.4
6.6
46.7
67.5
58.8
17.3
11.3
10.0

259.9
12.3
6.5
46.4
67.0
58.5
17.3
11.4
9.9

1,297.5
79.7
43.1
210.5
304.2
196.2
125.0
82.8
58.9

1,319.5
84.3
43.6
217.0
309.9
201.5
125.7
84.1
60.9

1,320.1
83.5
43.7
216.1
309.3
200.8
126.1
84.3
60.2

757.2
48.3
19.9
103.8
143.4
135.6
75.1
48.0
29.8

737.0
47.0
19.4
102.8
138.0
130.9
73.7
46.3
29.6

762.0
48.6
19.8
105.8
145.7
136.4
75.6
48.9
31.8

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

61.3
1.0
1.6
26.1
17.9

62.4
1.1
1.7
26.1
17.9

62.6
1.1
1.7
26.3
17.8

305.8
6.1
7.6
121.2
95.2

318.1
5.6
8.3
122.6
99.9

317.9
5.9
8.1
123.5
99.9

271.2
4.0
11.6
101.2
41.7

267.3
3.9
12.1
102.1
42.0

272.3
4.0
12.2
104.0
43.2

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem

93.8
6.9
2.9
64.2
6.8

97.4
7.4
2.8
65.6
6.7

96.9
7.5
2.8
65.0
6.8

334.1
31.2
14.4
209.3
27.7

345.1
32.6
14.9
216.3
28.0

348.1
33.0
14.8
217.9
28.5

236.7
25.4
10.1
108.2
33.0

227.8
23.1
9.7
103.2
32.3

243.1
25.7
10.4
109.7
33.3

302.7
14.1
1.8
5.8
22.5
4.2
9.0
154.8
57.0
60.0
9.0
11.8
1.5
2.1
2.2
4.9

307.2
14.6
2.0
5.7
23.3
4.3
9.0
151.6
56.5
62.2
9.5
12.4
1.5
2.2
2.2
5.1

304.6
14.5
2.0
5.7
23.2
4.3
9.0
149.8
55.9
62.1
9.3
12.4
1.5
2.2
2.1
5.1

1,548.4
75.9
14.2
33.8
79.0
23.8
47.7
717.1
269.4
355.7
35.3
71.3
12.6
11.9
13.1
34.3

1,571.4
77.5
14.5
35.0
80.4
24.0
49.3
729.2
267.1
361.8
35.2
71.2
12.8
11.8
12.9
36.4

1,580.3
77.3
14.3
35.0
79.2
24.2
49.0
739.1
273.3
362.0
35.9
72.1
12.9
11.8
13.4
35.8

718.1
27.6
8.0
15.0
69.3
13.3
18.5
299.0
128.1
126.7
18.8
35.0
5.6
26.0
6.4
15.1

708.7
27.4
8.3
15.0
69.1
13.1
17.2
297.5
130.2
119.9
18.0
34.0
5.4
23.8
6.2
14.6

734.2
28.4
8.4
15.3
70.4
13.5
18.2
305.2
130.0
124.9
19.2
34.9
5.7
26.4
6.4
14.9

25.4
26.9

25.0
26.8

24.7
26.4

138.9
146.3

141.7
147.7

142.7
149.2

61.4
63.3

60.5
62.7

61.7
64.4

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
Rhode Island
,
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
See footnotes at end of table.

96




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area

1,589.7
205.5
249.0
423.0

1,599.8
205.2
250.3
425.9

1,604.3
205.4
251.7
426.9

323.9
43.1
89.2

334.0
44.9
90.2

337.0
45.1
91.6

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol .
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,374.4
211.0
185.9
301.2
490.7
550.1

2,420.8
214.0
183.0
301.4
499.3
564.2

2,427.7
215.7
182.3
300.8
499.2
566.9

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito .
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

7,588.2
50.4
83.7

7,781.4
50.6
87.1
478.5

7,814.8
50.8
87.3
480.4
152.0
72.2
89.9

167.5
1.3
.8
1.0
1.0
1.0

64.9
142.3
1,558.3

.7
2.7
16.8

.7
2.7
16.9

4.5
.7
65.2

4.5
.7
65.4

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

460.5
150.3
71.9
87.7
62.5
140.2
1,490.0

151.8
71.8

89.7
63.0
142.2
1,552.0

225.9
617.3
84.2

228.7
637.9
85.0

1,665.5
83.6
53.2
79.4
103.4

1,687.0

116.1

91.9
39.6
579.7
37.3
48.0
66.8
32.8
87.5
53.5

87.8
56.0
81.1
105.1
118.3

92.6
40.7

Oct.
1993

1.7

1.8

01
()
O

0

V)
V)
V)
2.3

2.5

V)

0
0

()

C)
0

C)

o
O

162.1
1.3
.7
1.0
1.0
1.0

228.4

O
2.3
3.5
.2
.9

119.3
93.4

13.1

0
2.7
3.5
.1
1.0

.6

12.4
.6
1.8

33.1

68.3
33.2

.1
1.4
1.4

• .1
1.4
1.3

91.2
54.3

91.6
54.4

1.4

1.4

40.9
595.0
37.7
48.0

831.7
112.5
558.8

878.0
119.9
589.7

882.2
119.9
593.5

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier.
Burlington

262.7
28.9
89.6

262.1
28.8
90.6

265.1
29.3
92.3

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,966.2
34.3
73.5
44.7

3,032.8
34.8
73.9
45.0
96.6

621.9
905.1

3,056.2
35.3
74.7
45.5
97.3
624.9
910.1

132.0

489.6
135.2

492.8
137.1

Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett .

2,285.6
1,152.9

2,320.1
1,173.2

2,323.5
1,172.8

3.3
.6

3.6
.6

663.2
121.3
110.6
64.6
60.0

679.5
122.3
109.7
65.6
61.7

686.1
123.0
111.1
66.3
62.5

22.9
1.7
1.7
.4
1.3

29.1

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

876.3
483.2

1.0

8.4
3.2

()
.7
2.5
16.9
(1)
4.5
.7
64.5

0

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden..

95.2
612.7

.9
1.0
1

1.8

591.4
37.8
48.0
68.6

161.1
1.3
.7

V)

.7

2.5
3.5

.1
1.0
12.5
.6
1.9

V)

.1
1.4
1.4

O

(11
(

82.6
12.3
12.1
27.1

82.4
12.3
12.1
27.0

14.4
2.6
4.6

15.1
3.2
4.8

15.0
3.2
4.7

100.2

101.6
8.2
8.6

102.0

358.9
1.9
3.6
18.7

13.1
10.3
2.6
2.2

16.2

19.4
25.1
382.6
2.0
4.1
21.7
13.3
9.8
2.7
2.2
12.0

8.2
8.7
16.2
19.1
25.2
385.0
2.0
4.2
21.7

13.1
9.7
2.7
2.1

62.9
9.2
28.4
4.9

12.2
63.4
9.1
28.0
4.7

113.3
4.6
2.0
3.5
4.0
5.0
4.8
1.5
27.1

112.3
4.5
2.0
3.6
4.0
5.0
4.8
1.5
27.2

1.6
2.2
2.3
2.2
3.8
1.7

1.6
2.5
2.4
2.1
4.1

1.6
2.5
2.3

1.9

2.1
4.2
1.9

43.6
6.0
29.2

53.5
7.6
36.2

53.0
7.5
36.2

12.5

56.1
8.4
25.4
5.0
106.0
3.4
1.9
3.3
3.6
5.0
4.3

1.4
25.8

8.4

3.2

3.2

.7

.7

12.5
1.5
4.2

12.6
1.3
4.6

12.7
1.4
4.8

11.6

160.1

166.8

1.1
3.9
2.0
5.0
32.5
48.2

167.3
1.1

4.1
2.2
5.5
33.3
52.6

28.5
7.2

28.5
7.8

53.1
28.4
7.7

3.6
.6

126.5
62.3

134.5
64.3

133.2
64.1

1.8

29.3
1.8

1.7
.4
2.1

2.1

36.5
7.4
4.9
3.5
2.3

38.3
7.4
5.5
3.7
2.9

38.1
7.4
5.4
3.8
2.9

()
O
(1)
O

V)
V)
V)
V)

r
c
o

Oct.
1994?

8.3

O

O

Sept.
1994

83.5
12.1
12.4
25.4

7.8
8.4
15.1
18.5
23.7

.5

o
(1)

639.5
84.5
1,688.1
88.5
56.0
81.1
106.1

Oct.
1993

Oct.
1994?

Sept.
1994

South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson

Oct.
19940

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1993

.5
.7

V)

1.7
.4

1.1

4.1
2.2
5.4
33.5

See footnotes at end of table.




97

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1993

South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

372.9
20.5
26.5
125.5

370.9
19.8
26.7
123.5

372.2
19.9
26.8
123.6

66.7
10.2
11.4
17.1

67.1
10.1
11.4
17.3

67.4
10.4
11.4
17.4

354.0
49.9
55.0
97.0

361.3
51.2
55.7
99.0

359.1
50.7
55.8
99.1

40.5
4.4
11.1

44.7
4.6
11.8

45.1
4.7
11.8

14.9
1.9
5.7

15.5
2.0
5.7

15.9
2.0
5.9

82.6
13.0
24.1

84.7
13.5
24.4

84.6
13.2
24.7

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

533.3
45.2
53.5
50.3
65.8
94.5

540.8
45.3
53.1
50.9
66.5
96.5

541.0
45.6
52.0
51.0
66.1
97.2

129.8
7.4
8.1
11.1
49.3
32.3

130.9
7.3
8.0
11.1
50.3
32.7

131.7
7.3
8.1
11.2
50.4
32.8

545.8
51.9
41.4
73.8
126.6
130.5

561.9
53.2
41.3
73.7
129.2
134.5

566.0
53.8
41.3
73.2
129.7
135.3

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

996.8
4.0
9.6
59.7
25.1
17.1
13.2
3.8
13.6
221.7
46.3
102.8
8.5
179.9
9.2
1.7
16.9
7.3
13.9
6.6
4.7
47.0
9.8
5.8
11.3
3.2
15.8
7.9

1,006.1
3.8
9.6
62.6
25.0
17.0
13.6
3.9
13.7
222.9
46.9
101.3
8.0
178.1
9.4
1.9
17.3
7.7
13.8
6.4
5.0
47.9
9.9
5.6
11.8
3.3
16.6
7.9

1,006.3
3.8
9.6
62.7
24.9
17.1
13.5
3.9
13.6
223.3
46.7
101.5
8.0
178.2
9.5
1*
17.3
7.8
13.8
6.5
4.9
47.8
9.9
5.5
11.5
3.2
16.6
7.9

440.1
2.6
5.5
14.9
9.3
2.7
3.9
1.5
6.6
88.8
11.4
56.9
5.0
113.6
2.6
8.3
3.7
5.4
3.7
4.3
2.8
26.7
1.3
2.1
3.1
1.4
3.5
2.6

453.7
2.7
5.8
14.9
9.3
2.6
4.0
1.4
6.6
96.4
11.5
57.9
5.1
114.8
2.7
8.9
3.7
5.3
4.0
4.2
2.7
27.5
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.4
3.6
2.6

456.1
2.7
5.7
14.9
9.4
2.6
3.9
1.4
6.6
97.1
11.6
58.6
5.2
114.0
2.7
9.0
3.7
5.4
4.0
4.2
2.7
27.6
1.5
2.1
3.1
1.4
3.6
2.6

1,827.3
13.0
23.1
94.1
33.7
13.6
23.1
13.1
32.0
369.8
54.6
156.4
17.7
391.1
18.8
16.1
19.9
28.6
34.0
23.7
9.5
142.0
7.9
11.5
17.1
8.3
19.7
12.7

1,881.4
12.9
23.8
99.7
34.3
14.0
24.1
13.4
33.6
390.1
54.9
161.9
18.0
392.4
20.0
16.8
20.3
29.6
35.0
24.6
10.1
146.1
7.8
12.0
17.7
8.4
20.6
12.8

1,882.7
13.0
23.8
100.1
34.4
14.0
24.0
13.5
33.2
391.7
54.9
163.2
17.8
393.5
20.4
16.9
20.0
29.4
35.4
24.4
10.1
146.5
7.8
11.9
17.7
8.3
20.5
12.8

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

112.7
14.6
71.5

117.9
16.0
74.0

118.8
16.1
74.3

48.6
2.1
38.1

50.4
2.2
39.5

50.4
2.1
39.6

195.1
24.3
134.1

205.4
25.9
142.3

207.4
26.3
143.4

43.6
3.4
15.8

43.6
3.5
16.5

43.7
3.6
16.5

11.1
.8
3.8

11.2
.8
3.8

11.1
.8
3.8

61.4
6.0
21.2

61.5
5.9
20.4

61.6
6.1
20.4

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

406.9
9.8
7.7
16.6
26.9
68.0
39.4
61.8
18.9

404.3
10.4
7.9
16.0
26.7
66.1
39.3
60.2
18.6

406.7
10.5
7.9
16.3
26.9
66.7
39.0
60.8
19.3

151.6
1.3
2.4
1.1
3.4
29.6
52.7
24.4
8.7

153.0
1.3
2.4
1.2
3.5
30.0
51.8
25.0
8.8

154.4
1.4
2.4
1.2
3.5
30.1
51.7
25.3
8.9

656.4
9.3
14.4
9.3
19.9
143.8
194.4
109.8
34.1

680.5
9.6
15.3
9.6
20.5
146.5
200.7
113.2
35.9

686.0
9.7
15.5
9.7
20.5
146.9
203.2
114.0
36.5

Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett

343.3
201.9

339.3
194.9

337.8
193.8

115.7
69.6

119.4
71.6

119.1
71.3

552.8
272.4

563.3
285.1

561.3
285.3

82.4
10.1
17.6
12.9
6.4

81.9
10.1
16.7
12.8
6.0

82.0
10.1
16.8
13.0
6.0

39.0
9.0
6.6
2.7
3.5

39.9
9.2
6.6
2.5
3.8

39.9
9.3
6.5
2.5
3.9

150.7
30.3
28.5
16.1
15.2

155.7
31.7
29.2
16.7
15.4

156.3
31.7
29.5
16.8
15.4

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
See footnotes at end of table.

98




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994p

South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson

65.9
8.1
18.2
14.6

66.4
8.1
18.2
14.8

66.0
8.1
18.2
14.8

342.4
50.6
55.8
87.4

350.9
52.7
56.6
89.1

350.8
52.9
57.3
89.0

302.5
54.1
69.7
56.0

298.9
51.0
69.6
55.1

304.6
51.1
70.1
56.0

South Dakota .
Rapid City
Sioux Falls ....

17.7
1.6
9.0

18.2
1.5
9.3

18.2
1.6
9.5

83.1
12.2
25.3

85.7
12.9
24.8

86.0
12.7
25.4

68.2
7.4
9.4

67.8
7.2
9.4

69.9
7.7
9.6

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol .
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

104.7
13.7
5.1
10.5
25.3
30.8

106.4
14.0
5.1
10.9
25.5
31.1

106.2
14.1
5.0
10.9
25.5
31.0

586.2
51.7
40.4
83.0
128.5
162.8

603.1
52.5
38.1
82.3
131.9
167.4

603.3
53.4
38.1
82.1
131.4
167.4

369.6
33.3
29.0
56.9
76.7
75.5

371.3
33.5
28.8
55.8
76.5
76.9

372.7
33.3
29.1
55.7
77.0
78.0

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito .
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

431.2
1.8
4.1
25.9
4.6
1.9
3.6
2.3
6.1
125.7
8.4
28.6
5.6
97.5
3.5
2.0
2.7
4.5
4.0
3.7
1.6
40.3
2.1
1.9
3.3
1.6
5.2
2.2

441.0
1.9
4.2
27.1
4.8
1.8
3.6
2.5
5.9
132.4
8.4
29.4
5.6
98.4
3.7
2.0
2.7
4.7
4.2
3.5
1.6
42.2
2.0
1.9
3.3
1.6
5.3
2.1

440.6
1.9
4.2
27.1
4.8
1.9
3.6
2.5
5.8
132.1
8.4
29.3
5.5
98.1
3.7
2.0
2.7
4.7
4.2
3.6
1.6
42.3
2.0
1.9
3.3
1.6
5.4
2.1

1,961.5
16.1
19.9
122.8
39.4
11.7
20.7
12.5
35.6
422.0
48.2
157.0
17.0
481.0
20.9
8.9
18.1
29.0
21.6
19.6
11.1
168.1
9.5
12.8
18.0
8.2
24.5
14.0

2,039.0
16.2
21.1
125.1
39.9
12.5
21.3
13.7
36.3
438.5
49.2
167.8
17.4
493.9
21.5
9.2
18.9
29.3
22.4
20.3
11.1
169.8
9.7
12.8
18.6
8.6
25.5
14.4

2,043.4
16.3
21.0
125.1
39.8
12.5
21.4
13.8
36.7
441.1
48.6
167.1
17.1
493.1
21.6
9.1
18.9
29.1
22.4
20.3
11.2
171.4
9.6
12.7
18.7
8.6
25.5
14.4

1,404.9
9.7
17.1
123.4
24.1
13.6
20.6
26.4
31.1
189.1
48.6
85.7
24.7
231.2
25.2
12.0
11.3
24.8
33.0
16.6
7.9
128.0
5.1
11.6
10.3
6.5
15.0
11.0

1,415.5
9.8
17.8
126.4
24.2
13.1
20.4
25.2
31.4
191.9
48.6
86.7
25.3
230.7
25.9
12.5
11.2
24.4
32.9
16.4
8.1
129.0
5.2
11.1
10.3
6.4
15.5
11.2

1,439.6
9.8
18.1
127.9
24.6
13.4
20.8
27.0
31.7
192.7
49.1
87.3
25.5
234.4
26.1
12.6
11.4
25.6
33.5
17.1
8.3
130.3
5.3
11.3
10.3
6.6
15.8
11.3

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

42.9
3.1
35.2

47.1
3.4
37.9

47.4
3.4
37.7

217.8
45.5
142.4

233.0
48.2
152.7

231.3
47.6
153.0

162.6
16.9
105.1

162.4
16.6
103.9

165.5
16.9
106.1

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier .
Burlington

12.2
2.5
4.4

12.0
2.5
4.5

12.1
2.6
4.5

75.5
7.5
25.1

76.2
7.5
26.9

77.2
7.5
27.2

45.7
7.2
15.1

44.3
7.3
13.9

46.0
7.3
15.1

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

158.2
1.1
3.9
1.4
4.1
27.2
53.9
40.4
9.0

165.9
1.0
4.2
1.5
4.4
29.0
55.9
42.5
8.9

165.3
1.0
4.1
1.5
4.3
28.8
56.0
42.7
8.9

813.7
6.2
17.4
8.3
23.6
167.2
311.9
114.9
37.1

855.4
6.1
17.4
8.5
23.8
176.9
329.9
119.7
38.4

857.2
6.2
17.4
8.5
24.3
176.0
329.3
118.9
38.6

607.4
5.5
23.8
6.0
12.3
144.4
175.3
102.7
17.0

595.2
5.3
22.6
6.0
12.2
140.1
174.3
99.8
16.8

607.7
5.4
23.3
6.1
12.4
142.9
177.2
102.0
17.2

Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett .

122.0
75.4

122.1
74.6

121.8
74.2

587.8
303.5

608.2
313.0

605.6
310.9

434.2
167.2

429.7
169.1

441.1
172.6

25.1
6.5
3.7
2.3
2.9

25.3
6.4
3.6
2.2
3.0

25.4
6.2
3.5
2.3
3.0

170.8
34.4
27.5
16.0
19.0

175.7
34.0
27.1
16.6
19.2

177.8
34.2
27.8
16.7
19.4

135.8
21.9
20.1
10.7
9.4

133.6
21.7
19.3
10.7
9.3

137.3
22.3
19.9
10.8
9.8

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling ....:
See footnotes at end of table.




99

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Constructior l

Mining

Total
State and area
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
19940

2,450.9
177.3
62.3
119.0
63.1
45.9
63.5
246.8
780.0
77.1
54.6
56.8

2,498.1
179.2
63.5
125.0
64.3
46.2
64.4
249.5
787.5
79.4
56.5
58.3

2,504.8
181.6
63.6
125.5
64.8
46.4
65.6
252.3
790.7
79.1
56.0
58.5

Wyoming
Casper

214.9
29.3

220.7
29.2

216.7
29.0

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon

861.3
56.0
64.1
69.6
536.8

868.8
55.7
63.7
70.0
538.7

873.6
56.4
64.3
70.2
541.1

46.0

44.2

44.3

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.

100




Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

2.5

O
(1)
(11)
()
01
(1)
()

O
O
(11)
()
O
(11)
()

.9
(1)

O
O
O

.5

110.6
10.1
2.6
7.0
3.1
1.9
2.4
11.6
32.3
3.7
3.0
2.4

111.0
10.4
2.7
6.9
3.1
2.0
2.3
11.5
32.6
3.5
2.9
2.5

18.3
2.3

13.8
1.5

14.0
1.6

13.8
1.5

.9

47.1
1.7
3.0
4.7
34.7

42.5
1.3
2.6
4.2
31.3

42.9
1.4
2.7
4.3
31.5

3.3

2.3

2.4

O
(')
(')
(11)
(1)
()

o1
(1)
()

18.6
2.3
.9

O
O
O
C)

Oct.
1994P

102.1
10.3
2.6
6.0
2.5
1.8
2.1
10.4
30.5
3.0
2.2
2.2

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(')
(')

Sept.
1994

2.6

2.6

(1)
(')
(1)
(')

18.4
2.3

Oct.
1993

Oct.
1994P

(1)
(1)
(1)
.5

.5

C)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

State and area
Oct.
1993
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah .
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming .
Casper ...
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon .
Virgin Islands

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

27.9
172.1
24.6
23.6
15.6

115.5
6.9
3.3
8.7
2.5
1.6
2.8
8.2
37.0
2.5
1.8
3.8

115.7
7.0
3.3
8.9
2.5
1.7
2.7
8.0
37.4
2.5
1.7
4.0

116.2
7.0
3.2
9.1
2.6
1.7
2.7
8.1
37.7
2.5
1.7
3.9

561.1
38.3
17.2
28.4
14.7
13.0
17.1
53.9
171.2
16.5
9.7
13.5

568.7
37.7
17.5
29.4
14.8
13.3
16.9
55.0
171.1
16.5
9.9
14.0

572.0
38.7
17.6
29.8
14.9
13.3
17.1
56.2
171.9
16.6
9.8
14.2

10.1
1.6

10.6
1.6

14.7
1.6

14.4
1.5

14.4
1.5

48.3
8.4

51.1
8.4

49.4
8.4

148.2
14.4
19.1
12.1
65.6

151.1
13.5
19.3
11.3
68.5

152.3
13.6
19.7
11.4
68.4

20.9
.5
.5
15.9

20.8
.6
.5
1.8
13.9

21.4
.5
.5
1.8
14.5

167.0
12.3
10.4
12.1
111.4

168.7
12.7
10.2
11.9
112.0

168.4
13.2
10.2
11.8
111.6

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.7

2.6

2.6

10.8

10.4

10.4

564.0
56.4
9.9
25.5
18.6
10.1
11.1
27.1
167.2
23.6
22.9
15.4

581.8
58.2
10.3
25.8
18.9
10.0
11.5
28.1
171.6
24.6
23.7
15.7

578.5

10.1
1.6

58.1
9.8
25.6
19.2
9.9
11.6

1.8

See footnotes at end of table.




101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area

Oct.
1993
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
Virgin Islands
1
2
p

Combined with construction.
Not available.
= preliminary.

102




Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

46.7
7.3

43.4
7.3

59.2
5.4

58.0
5.4

59.1
5.3

153.5
9.8
9.7
13.8
103.3

153.5
9.4
9.6
14.4
103.4

155.9
9.6
14.6
105.1

284.7
15.9
19.9
23.2
174.5

291.4
16.6
20.0
24.5
177.5

291.6
16.5
19.9
24.4
177.9

10.5

10.4

10.5

13.7

13.6

13.5

42.6
7.4

39.9
1.6
1.5
1.9
31.6

40.2
1.6
1.5
1.9
31.6

2.0

2.0

7.8
1.1

7.8
1.1

39.0
1.4
1.5
1.9
30.9
2.1

Oct.

235.1
20.6
10.0
10.7

7.7
1.1

133.4
8.9
2.1
8.0
2.0
1.3
2.4
20.7
54.2
2.4
1.9
4.5

Sept.
1994
359.9

232.3
20.1
10.0
10.6

133.8
8.9
2.1
8.0
2.0
1.3
2.4
20.8
54.5
2.4
2.0
4.5

Oct.
1993

368.1
19.5
12.1
12.5
8.3
7.0
9.7
68.5
88.7
9.0
5.8
6.9

625.0
38.5
15.8
33.2
15.0
11.0
19.2
59.2
234.9
20.7
10.5
10.7

131.7
8.7
2.2
7.8
1.9
1.5
2.2
21.1
53.0
2.5
2.1
4.4

Oct.
1994?

605.9
37.3
15.0
30.2
14.6
11.1
18.6
57.6

622.6
38.6
15.8
33.2
14.8
11.2
19.5
59.3

9.8

18.8

11.8
12.6
8.1
7.1

9.3
66.9
85.7
8.9
5.7
7.0

368.6
20.1
12.3

12.9
8.3
7.0
10.0
68.6
87.1

8.9
5.9
7.0

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1993 benchmarks.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Total private
Mining

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

34.6

34.5

34.7

34.9

34.6

45.5

44.7

45.4

45.2

44.9

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

42.9
44.5
44.0

42.7
45.1
43.2

44.4
44.4
47.5

43.5
44.5
44.9

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

45.6
45.9

45.0
45.1

45.4
45.4

45.3
45.1

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

45.4
43.8
46.3

44.3
42.3
45.4

44.8
43.2
45.8

44.7
42.2
46.1

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

14
142

47.2
49.0

46.6
48.0

47.9
49.6

47.5
48.7

39.3

38.6

39.9

39.5

15
152
153
154

38.4
37.7
38.5
39.1

37.8
37.1
38.2
38.5

38.8
37.7
38.7
39.8

38.7
37.9
39.6
39.4

16
161
162

43.2
44.7
42.4

42.3
42.8
42.1

44.7
46.9
43.5

43.3
44.6
42.6

17

38.5
39.8
36.6
39.8
35.8
36.6
35.6

37.8
38.9
36.5
39.1
35.3
35.4
35.5

39.0
39.7
37.7
40.0
36.6
36.3
36.5

38.7
39.7
37.5
40.2
36.2
36.5
36.1

41.8

42.0

42.4

42.3

42.5

4.5

4.6

5.1

5.0

5.0

42.5

42.8

43.1

43.1

43.3

4.7

4.9

5.4

5.2

5.3

41.4
41.4
42.3
42.7
41.0
41.2
41.0
41.1
41.6
41.4
39.8
41.6
41.6
40.6

41.4
40.2
42.6
42.8
41.7
41.4
40.8
41.6
41.7
42.4
38.9
41.3
41.4
41.3

41.5
41.1
42.6
43.2
40.6
41.3
40.8
40.9
42.5
43.2
40.2
41.7
42.0
40.8

41.6
40.4
42.6
43.2
40.5
41.7
40.8
41.3
43.0
45.3
39.5
42.3
42.5
41.0

41.3

4.5
6.1
5.2
5.5
3.8
4.1
3.6
4.2
4.3
4.8
3.5
4.1
4.2
3.5

4.4
5.6
5.3
5.6
4.2
4.1
3.3
4.4
4.7
5.2
2.9
3.9
3.9
3.6

4.8
6.7
5.1
5.6
3.6
4.4
3.6
4.3
4.9
5.9
4.0
4.9
5.0
3.6

4.7
6.1
5.2
5.6
3.7
4.5
3.7
4.2
5.1
6.2
3.3
5.0
5.1
3.7

40.7
40.0
40.0
39.8
42.3
38.9
42.0
41.6
41.7
42.1

40.9
40.1
40.3
39.6
42.0
38.6
43.7
41.5
41.3
41.6

41.2
40.1
40.2
39.5
40.5
41.5
43.0
42.1
43.4
40.8

41.1
40.2
40.8
39.6
42.3
39.0
42.1
42.9
43.3
40.6

40.7

3.5
3.1
3.1
2.9
4.1
2.9
4.1
3.7
4.9
3.5

3.5
3.1
3.1
2.9
4.2
2.2
4.5
3.8
4.4
3.4

3.9
3.1
2.9
2.6
4.0
4.7
4.3
5.0
6.1
3.5

3.9
3.2
3.2
2.7
5.0
3.1
4.1
4.8
6.0
3.6

Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

171
172
173

174
175

176

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251
2511
2512

See footnotes at end of table.

104




,

2421

2426
243
2431
2434
2435

2436
244
245
2451
249

2514

2515
252
253
254
259

38.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

$10.94 $10.96 $11.21 $11.26 $11.24 $378.52 $378.12 $388.99 $392.97 $388.90

Total private .
Mining

14.47

14.43

14.93

14.86

14.91

658.39

645.02

677.82

671.67

Metal mining ...
Iron ores
Copper ores .

10
101
102

15.44
16.55
14.15

15.55
16.90
14.30

16.51
18.92
14.32

16.60
18.91
14.46

662.38
736.48
622.60

663.99
762.19
617.76

733.04
840.05
680.20

722.10
841.50
649.25

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining .

12
122

17.09
17.29

17.15
17.37

17.66
17.87

17.70
17.94

779.30
793.61

771.75
783.39

801.76
811.30

801.81
809.09

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas .
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

14.02
17.40
12.18

13.92
17.14
12.16

14.15
18.42
11.76

13.97
18.26
11.64

636.51
762.12
563.93

616.66
725.02
552.06

633.92
795.74
538.61

624.46
770.57
536.60

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels .
Crushed and broken stone

14
142

12.86
12.27

12.85
12.16

13.24
12.70

13.28
12.68

606.99
601.23

598.81
583.68

634.20
629.92

630.80
617.52

14.55

14.47

14.94

15.02

571.82

558.54

596.11

593.29

Construction .

14.84

669.46

571.34

General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction .

15
152
153
154

13.77
12.68
13.36
14.75

13.73
12.71
13.19
14.65

14.15
12.98
13.42
15.21

14.24
13.12
13.76
15.25

528.77
478.04
514.36
576.73

518.99
471.54
503.86
564.03

549.02
489.35
519.35
605.36

551.09
497.25
544.90
600.85

Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway .

16
161
162

14.48
14.62
14.40

14.25
14.19
14.27

14.84
14.96
14.77

15.04
15.20
14.95

625.54
653.51
610.56

602.78
607.33
600.77

663.35
701.62
642.50

651.23
677.92
636.87

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work ..

17

14.85
15.13
13.82
15.99
14.91
14.48
12.99

14.79
15.02
13.92
15.98
14.79
14.39
13.09

15.23
15.50
13.85
16.45
15.28
15.09
13.25

15.29
15.42
13.83
16.52
15.31
15.30
13.39

571.73
602.17
505.81
636.40
533.78
529.97
462.44

559.06
584.28
508.08
624.82
522.09
509.41
464.70

593.97
615.35
522.15
658.00
559.25
547.77
483.63

591.72
612.17
518.63
664.10
554.22
558.45
483.38

11.80

11.87

12.14

12.10

12.17

493.24

498.54

514.74

511.83

517.23

12.40

12.49

12.76

12.71

12.78

527.00

534.57

549.96

547.80

553.37

9.95
11.76
10.12
10.47
8.73
9.99
10.30
9.24

9.95

401.99
477.34
417.08
436.39
341.94
400.46
412.05
373.19
348.61
476.93
284.17
394.78
397.70
367.43

400.34
458.68
418.33
436.13
347.36
403.24
405.96
380.64
352.78
492.69
275.02
385.74
387.50
374.18

412.10
480.87
430.26
451.01
352.81
412.17
417.79
380.37
368.05
518.83
303.11
409.49
414.54
375.77

413.92
475.10
431.11
452.30
353.57
416.58
420.24
381.61
371.09
544.51
296.25
415.81
421.60
378.43

410.94

9.73

382.58
354.00
331.60
383.27
371.82
357.49
430.08
399.78
444.94
407.11

386.10
356.49
336.10
382.54
365.40
358.21
446.18
403.38
446.87
402.27

399.64
366.11
344.11
391.05
361.67
400.06
453.22
418.90
475.66
396.58

398.67
367.03
350.88
394.02
372.24
369.72
442.05
428.14
478.03
397.47

396.01

171

172
173

174
175
176

Manufacturing.
Durable goods .
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ....
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

9.71
11.53
9.86
10.22
8.34
9.72
10.05
9.08
8.38
11.52
7.14
9.49
9.56
9.05

9.67
11.41
9.82
10.19
8.33
9.74
9.95
9.15
8.46
11.62
7.07
9.34
9.36
9.06

9.93
11.70
10.10

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture ....
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture .
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures .

25
251
2511
2512

9.40
8.85
8.29
9.63
8.79
9.19
10.24
9.61
10.67
9.67

9.44
8.89
8.34
9.66
8.70
9.28
10.21
9.72
10.82
9.67

9.70
9.13
8.56
9.90
8.93
9.64
10.54
9.95
10.96
9.7:

2514
2515
252
253
254

259

10.44
8.69

9.98
10.24

9.30
8.66
12.01
7.54
9.82
9.87
9.21

8.63

12.02
7.50
9.83
9.92
9.23
9.70
9.13
8.60
9.95
8.80
9.48
10.50
9.98
11.04
9.79

See footnotes at end of table.




105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown ..
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ...
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
....
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

1987
SIC
Code

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273

329
3291
3292
33
331
3312

3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws . 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
S>heet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
/
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
3451
SJcrew machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
347
Metal services, nee
3471
Plating and polishing
3479
Metal coating and allied services
348
Ordnance and accessories, nee
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products
See footnotes at end of table.

106



Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994 P

43.5
47.3
42.2
43.1
41.4
42.9
42.2
41.6
41.1
45.2
47.0
44.4
45.1
42.9
43.6
42.0

43.6
48.6
42.9
43.3
42.5
43.6
43.2
41.3
41.8
44.5
45.6
44.0
44.0
43.3
43.7
42.8

44.2
50.0
42.5
43.7
41.5
44.0
43.2
42.1
40.7
46.4
46.7
44.9
47.0
42.8
43.2
40.5

44.2
48.5
44.2
44.6
43.8
44.2
43.2
41.8
40.9
45.6
46.4
44.4
45.7
43.1
44.2
40.6

43.9

5.8
9.1
4.4
5.6
3.3
4.1
4.0
3.9
4.7
8.0
8.4
6.5
8.6
4.9
4.0
5.6

5.7
9.8
4.4
5.6
3.3
4.4
4.3
4.0
4.7
7.3
7.5
5.9
7.7
5.1
4.2
5.8

6.5
9.6
4.7
5.8
3.8
4.7
4.5
4.9
4.3
8.9
8.8
7.3
9.8
5.2
4.3
2.6

6.2
9.3
4.9
5.9
4.0
4.7
4.6
4.7
4.6
8.2
8.4
6.7
8.8
5.0
4.5
2.6

43.7
43.6
43.8
43.1
45.1
46.0
43.7
43.7
42.1
41.4
43.7
43.3
45.5
43.0
42.1
42.1

44.2
44.0
44.2
44.0
45.5
46.4
43.8
44.3
42.5
41.9
44.6
44.1
46.1
44.2
42.8
42.2

45.0
45.8
46.3
44.6
45.7
46.4
46.0
44.3
43.4
42.6
45.2
45.1
47.2
44.4
43.2
42.5

44.7
45.1
45.5
43.9
45.6
46.2
48.7
44.3
43.4
43.0
44.7
45.1
45.7
44.0
43.0
42.3

45.3
45.5

5.8
5.6
5.8
4.9
6.6
7.5
8.3
4.9
4.9
4.6
6.3
7.3
7.6
5.6
4.5
4.4

6.0
5.7
5.9
5.3
7.2
8.2
8.2
5.6
5.0
4.7
6.6
7.2
7.6
6.0
4.8
4.6

6.9
7.2
7.7
6.2
7.7
8.9
7.9
6.0
5.5
5.3
7.3
8.5
7.7
6.3
5.4
5.2

6.9
7.4
7.9
5.8
7.7
8.8
8.7
6.2
5.5
5.2
7.1
8.5
7.1
6.1
5.3
5.2

42.6
43.5
43.4
42.0
41.7
42.0
42.3
41.4
42.9
42.1
43.0
41.4
42.4
41.4
41.5
42.1
41.6
42.7
44.5
42.8
45.9
43.1
41.3
40.9
42.0
41.3
40.7
42.5
42.4
42.2

42.9
43.7
43.5
42.8
41.9
43.0
42.8
42.8
42.8
42.2
43.4
40.9
43.2
41.3
41.7
42.6
42.0
43.3
45.0
43.0
47.0
43.0
41.3
40.9
41.9
42.5
42.1
42.8
42.0
42.3

43.2
44.8
44.5
42.9
42.9
42.7
42.7
41.1
44.1
42.5
43.2
41.9
43.0
41.7
42.2
43.1
42.7
43.5
45.2
42.5
47.4
43.1
41.8
41.7
42.0
43.6
43.7
42.7
42.1
41.7

43.2
44.1
44.1
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0
41.9
43.9
42.6
43.2
42.1
43.1
41.6
41.3
43.5
43.3
43.7
45.1
42.7
46.9
43.2
41.8
41.8
41.9
42.4
42.1
42.9
43.1
41.9

43.6

4.7
5.9
6.1
4.1
4.0
4.1
4.6
3.1
5.3
4.7
5.2
4.0
5.0
4.2
4.3
4.8
4.5
5.2
5.8
4.8
6.6
4.8
3.9
3.6
4.5
3.7
3.0
4.5
4.8
3.9

4.9
5.6
5.7
4.4
3.9
4.6
4.8
4.3
4.9
4.7
5.5
3.9
5.2
4.3
3.9
5.1
4.7
5.5
6.2
5.1
7.4
4.8
4.2
4.0
4.5
3.9
3.5
4.7
4.8
4.1

5.4
7.3
7.1
4.8
4.8
4.8
4.9
3.5
6.0
5.1
5.7
4.6
5.3
4.6
4.7
5.8
5.5
6.2
6.7
5.3
8.1
5.2
4.8
4.5
5.4
5.3
3.8
4.8
4.4
4.1

5.4
6.9
6.8
4.5
4.5
4.4
4.8
3.6
5.5
5.2
5.7
4.5
5.1
4.6
5.0
5.9
5.6
6.2
6.8
5.5
8.1
5.2
4.7
4.5
5.1
4.4
3.3
4.9
5.2
4.2

Nov.
1994P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

1987
SIC
Code

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

$11.92 $11.99 $12.25 $12.21 $12.16 $518.52 $522.76 $541.45 $539.68 $533.82
849.04 888.89 967.00 889.49
17.95 18.29 19.34 18.34
565.48 575.72 579.28 605.98
13.40 13.42 13.63 13.71
595.64 601.44 622.29 631.54
13.82 13.89 14.24 14.16
537.79 551.65 543.65 583.42
12.99 12.98 13.10 13.32
434.58 448.64 465.96 465.43
10.13 10.29 10.59 10.53
641.02 682.56 683.86 684.29
15.19 15.80 15.83 15.84
432.22 435.30 453.00 448.93
10.39 10.54 10.76 10.74
427.03 432.63 433.86 438.04
10.39 10.35 10.66 10.71
520.25 510.86 551.70 541.27
11.51 11.48 11.89 11.87
508.54 487.01 521.64 519.68
10.82 10.68 11.17 11.20
459.10 452.76 475.04 464.87
10.34 10.29 10.58 10.47
549.77 535.04 594.08 581.30
12.19 12.16 12.64 12.72
530.24 539.09 535.86 535.30
12.36 12.45 12.52 12.42
467.39 464.53 470.02 476.48
10.72 10.63 10.88 10.78
595.56 614.61 617.63 617.53
14.18 14.36 15.25 15.21
14.09
16.51
17.77
12.77
12.83
13.47
14.10
11.65
15.27
15.39
13.23
12.89
15.60
13.22
11.23
10.59

14.39
17.06
18.34
13.30
13.33
14.18
14.85
11.97
15.62
15.75
13.33
13.23
15.42
13.31
11.29
10.59

14.38
17.17
18.54
13.25
13.18
13.90
14.52
12.11
15.64
15.61
13.35
13.31
15.70
13.30
11.28
10.64

14.45
17.15

611.80
715.91
771.76
546.94
570.97
608.58
599.56
511.73
649.60
648.74
571.60
557.27
703.43
564.16
474.47
447.94

622.78
726.44
785.43
561.88
583.77
625.01
617.58
516.10
648.98
644.84
590.06
568.45
719.16
584.32
480.64
446.90

647.55
781.35
849.14
593.18
609.18
657.95
683.10
530.27
677.91
670.95
602.52
596.67
727.82
590.96
487.73
450.08

642.79
774.37
843.57
581.68
601.01
642.18
707.12
536.47
678.78
671.23
596.75
600.28
717.49
585.20
485.04
450.07

654.59
780.33

3351
3353
3357
336
3365

14.00
16.42
17.62
12.69
12.66
13.23
13.72
11.71
15.43
15.67
13.08
12.87
15.46
13.12
11.27
10.64

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

11.74
15.13
16.19
11.79
11.11
11.84
10.62
10.00
10.82
10.91
10.79
9.16
12.43
11.10
10.36
11.60
10.85
12.43
14.06
13.54
16.09
11.21
9.57
9.66
9.43
13.50
13.64
10.96
11.35
9.76

11.82
15.19
16.26
11.80
11.09
11.87
10.62
9.93
10.84
10.90
10.77
9.25
12.41
11.06
10.02
11.67
10.96
12.47
14.34
13.71
16.56
11.19
9.66
9.77
9.47
13.66
13.81
11.03
11.42
9.85

11.99
15.56
16.66
11.87
11.07
11.94
10.60
9.88
10.97
11.06
11.16
9.36
12.42
11.30
10.27
11.82
11.11
12.62
14.46
13.81
16.71
11.22
9.96
9.90
10.06
14.09
14.49
11.26
11.54
10.05

11.92
15.31
16.34
11.88
11.16
11.85
10.69
10.13
10.87
11.04
11.10
9.33
12.41
11.24
10.52
11.85
11.07
12.75
14.25
13.70
16.34
11.24
9.90
9.87
9.96
13.76
14.10
11.23
11.50
10.04

12.02

500.12
658.16
702.65
495.18
463.29
497.28
449.23
414.00
464.18
459.31
463.97
379.22
527.03
459.54
429.94
488.36
451.36
530.76
625.67
579.51
738.53
483.15
395.24
395.09
396.06
557.55
555.15
465.80
481.24
411.87

507.08
663.80
707.31
505.04
464.67
510.41
454.54
425.00
463.95
459.98
467.42
378.33
536.11
456.78
417.83
497.14
460.32
539.95
645.30
589.53
778.32
481.17
398.96
399.59
396.79
580.55
581.40
472.08
479.64
416.66

517.97 514.94
697.09 675.17
741.37 720.59
509.22 507.28
474.90 475.42
509.84 504.81
452.62 459.67
406.07 424.45
483.78 477.19
470.05 470.30
482.11 479.52
392.18 392.79
534.06 534.87
471.21 467.58
433.39 434.48
509.44 515.48
474.40 479.33
548.97 557.18
653.59 642.68
586.93 584.99
792.05 766.35
483.58 485.57
416.33 413.82
412.83 412.57
422.52 417.32
614.32 583.42
633.21 593.61
480.80 481.77
485.83 495.65
419.09 420.68

524.07

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335

See footnotes at end of table.




107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee .
Electronic and other electrical equipment ..
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus .
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers ....
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment....
Household audio and video equipment.
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories .
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies ..
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

See footnotes at end of table.

108



1987
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

43.2
45.0
44.3
45.3
42.7
43.4
44.1
43.8
42.3
48.4
42.4
41.7
43.5
43.2
45.6
44.1
42.3
41.9
42.7
40.7
41.6
43.0
43.0
43.7
43.4
42.9
42.7
41.6
43.2
42.0
42.5

43.4
45.4
45.6
45.3
42.6
43.4
43.6
42.3
43.3
47.0
43.9
42.6
43.9
43.5
46.5
44.3
43.3
42.8
43.7
41.7
42.7
44.6
43.3
43.8
43.8
44.9
42.8
42.9
43.3
42.3
42.6

43.7
44.3
42.7
44.9
43.1
43.7
43.6
42.3
43.4
46.6
43.4
43.1
44.3
45.1
44.9
44.6
43.6
42.7
43.5
41.6
42.9
43.6
43.9
43.9
45.7
45.0
43.7
42.9
43.3
42.8
44.2

43.7
44.6
42.3
45.5
42.6
42.8
43.6
41.9
43.5
46.6
44.2
43.3
44.5
45.5
46.4
44.7
43.8
43.2
43.5
41.9
42.3
43.7
43.9
43.7
45.7
45.3
42.7
43.4
43.4
42.4
43.3

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

42.6
43.3
43.9
42.8
42.5
42.8

43.2
43.6
44.0
43.1
43.4
43.0

41.6
44.1
45.2
43.4
42.8
43.6

41.3
43.5
44.1
43.5
43.7
43.6

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

42.1
42.3
42.3
42.2
42.6
43.0
41.7
41.9
41.0
44.5
43.6
42.0
44.4
40.5
42.5
40.4
41.3
41.3
43.1
44.2
41.2
41.7
41.6
40.9
43.3
45.1
43.6

42.5
42.9
43.0
42.8
43.1
43.1
42.9
42.2
40.7
45.0
43.0
42.5
45.0
41.0
43.3
40.4
41.5
41.6
44.2
45.0
41.6
43.0
41.5
40.9
43.5
45.0
43.6

42.2
41.3
41.4
41.3
43.0
43.3
42.3
41.4
42.5
41.6
41.6
42.3
45.5
41.2
42.7
38.6
42.3
41.9
42.3
43.9
41.7
42.5
41.9
41.5
43.7
44.9
44.4

42.3
41.8
41.6
42.0
42.6
42.7
42.5
41.4
40.6
40.4
42.7
42.5
45.2
41.3
43.7
40.6
42.5
41.8
42.5
44.0
41.7
42.9
41.8
41.4
44.2
46.5
44.6

Nov.
1994P

44.0

42.6

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

4.9
5.8
7.0
5.2
4.4
4.8
4.8
4.0
5.1
7.0
4.8
4.2
5.7
4.9
6.0
6.5
4.1
4.2
4.9
3.4
4.6
5.3
4.7
5.2
5.6
4.7
4.2
4.9
4.0
3.7
3.7

5.1
6.3
7.8
5.6
4.1
4.5
5.2
4.5
6.1
6.5
6.1
4.7
5.9
5.1
6.7
6.6
4.6
4.8
5.4
3.8
5.2
6.3
4.7
4.8
6.0
5.1
4.4
5.6
3.8
3.8
3.8

5.5
5.6
5.3
5.7
4.8
5.4
5.4
4.7
5.4
7.0
6.0
4.8
6.3
6.5
6.7
6.9
5.1
4.5
5.7
3.9
5.3
5.6
5.7
5.5
7.7
5.7
5.1
6.2
5.7
3.7
3.9

5.4
5.4
4.8
5.7
4.1
4.3
5.5
4.4
5.6
7.0
6.8
4.9
6.5
6.7
7.9
7.0
5.2
5.0
5.8
4.1
5.2
5.4
5.7
5.1
7.8
5.8
4.2
6.9
5.2
3.4
3.3

4.9
5.0
5.4
4.9
4.8
5.0

4.8
5.3
5.9
5.1
5.5
5.1

3.7
5.5
5.9
5.7
6.1
5.8

3.9
4.9
5.3
5.7
6.4
5.8

4.1
4.1
4.2
3.8
3.9
4.1
3.4
3.5
2.0
4.9
5.0
4.0
4.5
3.2
3.6
3.5
4.8
4.0
4.0
4.3
4.0
4.1
4.7
3.4
5.0
6.1
5.2

4.5
4.4
4.6
4.1
4.1
4.1
3.9
3.9
1.8
6.1
4.6
4.3
4.9
3.4
3.3
3.9
4.8
4.2
5.0
5.3
4.3
5.0
5.1
3.4
5.4
6.3
5.7

4.5
4.2
4.2
4.1
4.6
4.9
4.2
3.9
4.1
4.9
4.4
4.4
4.9
4.0
4.0
2.5
5.6
4.4
3.9
4.2
4.5
4.4
4.9
4.2
5.6
7.2
5.7

4.4
4.3
4.2
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.2
3.3
.7
3.9
4.5
4.1
4.5
3.7
4.0
3.5
5.7
4.6
3.7
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.9
4.0
6.0
8.2
6.0

Nov.
1994P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1987
SIC
Code

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

$12.82 $12.87 $13.03 $13.02 $13.11 $553.82 $558.56 $569.41 $568.97 $576.84
732.60 744.56 721.20 714.49
16.28 16.40 16.28 16.02
756.20 782.95 756.64 741.94
17.07 17.17 17.72 17.54
722.54 727.97 704.93 702.07
15.95 16.07 15.70 15.43
521.37 524.41 554.27 540.17
12.21 12.31 12.86 12.68
572.01 576.35 601.31 580.37
13.18 13.28 13.76 13.56
574.62 567.24 555.46 553.28
13.03 13.01 12.74 12.69
632.91 607.01 577.82 565.65
14.45 14.35 13.66 13.50
564.71 580.22 593.28 595.08
13.35 13.40 13.67 13.68
587.58 573.40 554.54 549.88
12.14 12.20 11.90 11.80
500.74 529.00 525.14 545.43
11.81 12.05 12.10 12.34
472.46 485.21 494.79 496.65
11.33 11.39 11.48 11.47
585.51 590.46 606.47 609.65
13.46 13.45 13.69 13.70
588.82 595.52 631.40 637.46
13.63 13.69 14.00 14.01
623.35 645.89 619.62 647.28
13.67 13.89 13.80 13.95
620.49 618.43 636.00 637.42
14.07 13.96 14.26 14.26
500.83 517.87 523.20 526.04
11.84 11.96 12.00 12.01
463.83 478.50 483.79 487.73
11.07 11.18 11.33 11.29
564.92 581.65 586.38 586.38
13.23 13.31 13.48 13.48
462.76 477.88 480.48 486.46
11.37 11.46 11.55 11.61
622.34 649.47 662.81 656.92
14.96 15.21 15.45 15.53
552.12 578.91 571.60 569.41
12.84 12.98 13.11 13.03
541.37 548.18 563.24 566.75
12.59 12.66 12.83 12.91
601.75 602.69 608.45 607.87
13.77 13.76 13.86 13.91
595.45 611.89 654.88 658.54
13.72 13.97 14.33 14.41
546.55 574.72 603.00 609.74
12.74 12.80 13.40 13.46
450.06 455.82 464.53 456.04
10.54 10.65 10.63 10.68
561.60 583.01 585.59 600.22
13.50 13.59 13.65 13.83
540.43 542.55 549.04 551.18
12.51 12.53 12.68 12.70
527.10 534.67 573.09 560.10
12.55 12.64 13.39 13.21
575.45 579.36 648.41 623.09
13.54 13.60 14.67 14.39

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

12.57
11.53
11.68
12.19
13.20
11.88

12.77
11.59
11.79
12.27
13.41
11.93

13.00
11.61
11.76
12.47
13.48
12.18

13.26
11.69
11.93
12.51
13.81
12.16

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

11.29
11.15
10.75
11.58
10.71
9.91
12.18
10.41
11.31
12.68
8.38
10.91
11.56
10.87
10.54
8.28
11.05
11.63
11.96
12.99
11.23
13.15
14.52
9.50
12.67
14.20
13.25

11.37
11.13
10.69
11.61
10.76
9.93
12.21
10.60
11.46
13.34
8.39
11.01
11.67
10.87
10.56
8.28
11.05
11.62
12.09
13.25
11.24
12.94
14.59
9.58
12.86
14.48
13.51

11.58
11.34
10.73
12.02
10.99
10.27
12.54
11.01
11.55
13.78
8.86
11.28
11.93
11.11
10.50
8.38
11.59
12.24
12.47
13.97
11.34
13.54
14.28
9.73
12.89
14.24
13.36

11.53
11.17
10.44
11.98
10.92
10.22
12.38
10.93
11.73
13.67
8.77
11.10
11.52
11.04
10.43
8.47
11.54
12.33
12.43
13.86
11.30
13.49
14.23
9.60
12.99
14.44
13.41

11.58

535.48
499.25
512.75
521.73
561.00
508.46

551.66
505.32
518.76
528.84
581.99
512.99

540.80
512.00
531.55
541.20
576.94
531.05

475.31
471.65
454.73
488.68
456.25
426.13
507.91
436.18
463.71
564.26
365.37
458.22
513.26
440.24
447.95
334.51
456.37
480.32
515.48
574.16
462.68
548.36
604.03
388.55
548.61
640.42
577.70

483.23
477.48
459.67
496.91
463.76
427.98
523.81
447.32
466.42
600.30
360.77
467.93
525.15
445.67
457.25
334.51
458.58
483.39
534.38
596.25
467.58
556.42
605.49
391.82
559.41
651.60
589.04

488.68 487.72 493.31
468.34 466.91
444.22 434.30
496.43 503.16
472.57 465.19
444.69 436.39
530.44 526.15
455.81 452.50
490.88 476.24
573.25 552.27
368.58 374.48
477.14 471.75
542.82 520.70
457.73 455.95
448.35 455.79
323.47 343.88
490.26 490.45
512.86 515.39
527.48 528.28
613.28 609.84
472.88 471.21
575.45 578.72
598.33 594.81
403.80 397.44
563.29 574.16
639.38 671.46
593.18 598.09

547.64
508.52
526.11
544.19
603.50
530.18

See footnotes at end of table.




109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15.. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1987
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

44.0
45.8
46.2
43.5
46.1
42.4
42.1
41.2
44.1
42.1
40.4
40.9
39.5
43.4
42.4
42.9
40.2
38.6

44.8
46.5
48.1
42.9
46.0
43.4
42.5
41.5
44.0
43.0
41.3
41.8
40.4
46.4
42.2
42.8
39.1
39.2

44.5
46.0
47.3
43.8
45.7
42.9
42.3
41.3
43.1
43.3
41.1
41.8
39.9
46.6
42.6
42.8
39.8
40.3

44.7
46.3

3792

43.8
45.4
45.9
43.8
45.5
42.6
41.8
41.3
43.5
41.5
40.5
40.6
40.3
42.4
42.0
42.3
40.6
39.9

5.5
6.8
7.4
6.0
6.8
4.8
4.3
4.0
5.1
4.1
2.5
2.3
3.0
3.9
3.2
3.4
3.1
2.4

5.9
7.3
8.1
5.0
7.3
5.0
4.6
4.0
6.1
4.5
2.9
2.9
2.8
4.5
3.1
3.3
3.1
2.5

6.7
8.2
9.6
4.8
7.9
5.2
4.9
4.3
5.7
5.1
3.3
3.3
3.4
6.2
4.1
4.3
2.8
2.5

6.4
7.7
9.1
4.9
7.3
5.0
4.9
4.4
5.8
5.0
3.2
3.3
3.1
5.9
4.5
5.1
2.5
2.5

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

41.0
40.6
41.2
41.3
41.0
41.5
41.1
41.7
40.7
39.3
41.3
42.6

41.4
40.9
41.9
41.7
42.3
42.2
41.1
41.8
40.4
40.0
41.8
42.1

41.8
40.9
42.6
43.5
42.9
41.9
41.2
40.7
41.6
39.2
43.8
42.5

41.7
40.8
42.6
42.7
42.7
42.7
41.0
40.6
41.3
39.5
43.2
43.1

42.1

2.9
2.1
2.7
3.3
2.2
2.3
3.2
3.5
3.0
2.0
4.2
3.5

3.0
2.2
2.9
3.3
3.0
2.4
3.2
3.5
3.0
2.7
4.3
2.9

3.6
2.9
3.5
4.5
3.4
2.5
3.5
3.2
3.7
2.5
5.8
4.2

3.4
2.7
3.3
3.3
3.3
2.8
3.2
2.9
3.5
2.5
5.5
4.3

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391

40.2
39.6
39.3
39.2
40.4
39.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.5
40.4
41.2

40.6
39.9
39.8
40.0
40.6
39.1
41.5
41.6
41.1
41.3
40.6
40.8

40.1
38.7
38.4
41.0
40.1
39.4
40.6
40.3
40.4
40.6
40.4
41.3

40.5
40.1
40.0
41.1
40.9
39.3
41.8
40.8
39.4
39.2
40.6
41.4

40.9

3.4
3.7
3.8
2.2
3.2
3.1
3.3
2.6
4.6
5.9
3.6
3.9

3.5
3.7
3.7
2.1
3.4
2.7
3.9
3.0
4.5
5.7
3.6
3.6

3.5
2.8
2.7
3.3
3.6
3.5
3.6
2.7
4.1
4.7
3.7
4.1

3.7
3.9
4.1
2.8
3.9
3.3
4.2
2.8
3.3
3.6
3.9
4.3

40.9

41.1

41.4

41.3

41.4

4.3

4.2

4.8

4.6

41.4
40.6
41.6
42.4
39.4
41.6
40.4
42.6
41.7
45.5
41.9
41.0
45.4
47.7
43.7

41.4
41.1
42.6
43.1
39.4
41.6
40.4
42.8
40.6
46.1
40.2
38.1
46.1
48.5
44.0

42.3
42.1
44.7
43.9
39.9
42.5
41.4
43.4
42.9
44.5
44.1
40.6
46.2
47.0
45.7

41.8
41.8
44.8
43.1
39.7
42.2
41.5
42.3
41.2
45.1
41.6
39.5
45.9
47.7
45.4

42.0

5.1
4.3
4.9
5.3
3.6
4.3
3.9
4.3
5.8
6.7
5.9
5.5
7.9
8.3
7.0

4.9
4.5
5.2
5.6
3.7
4.5
3.8
4.9
4.5
5.4
3.9
3.8
7.7
8.2
6.9

5.8
5.5
6.9
6.0
4.5
5.1
4.8
5.6
7.2
8.2
8.6
5.3
7.9
8.0
7.5

5.4
5.2
6.9
6.0
3.9
4.9
4.1
4.9
5.6
8.5
5.8
5.1
8.1
8.8
7.5

37
371
3711
3713

3714
3715
372

3721
3724
3728
373

3731
3732
374
376
3761
379

3911
393

394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
See footnotes at end of table.

110



20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204

2041
2048

Nov.
1994P

4.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1987
SIC
Code

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376

3761
379
3792

Oct.
1993

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

10.88
12.32
16.55
12.18
10.88
11.74
13.33
10.89
10.72
10.24
8.88
14.75
8.24

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
....
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee

20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

$15.99 $16.19 $16.72 $16.54 $16.59 $700.36 $712.36
16.33 16.56 17.26 16.99 17.04 741.38 758.45
908.36 930.93
19.79 20.15 21.00 20.70
628.53 625.10
14.35 14.37 14.57 14.37
676.13 693.34
14.86 15.04 15.60 15.36
417.48 420.61
9.80
9.97 10.11
9.92
730.25 744.75
17.47 17.69 18.09 18.20
(2)
0
$735.15 $764.69
$16.90 $17.34 $17.34 $17.56
663.59 671.07
15.99 15.94 16.15 16.09
498.96 504.19
12.32 12.48 12.49 12.47
545.66 554.60
13.44 13.56 13.97 13.91
396.15 393.03
9.87
9.95
9.83
9.83
633.88 655.34
14.95 15.10 15.77 15.54
718.20 723.34
17.71
17.10 17.06 17.73
(2)
0
$452.28 $440.19
$10.95 $11.09 $11.02
$11.14
434.11 408.39
10.58 11.07 11.11

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

Nondurable goods

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

12.36
16.62
12.25
11.03
11.93
13.30
10.89
10.70
10.27
8.98
14.79
8.23

12.54
17.03
12.28
10.88
11.75
13.73
11.18
10.85
10.56
9.38
15.22
8.53

12.55
17.08
12.31
10.88
11.93
13.74
11.20
10.90
10.55

9.41
9.73
9.64
9.52
8.78
8.51
8.95
10.30
8.25
7.39
9.85
10.26

9.47
9.70
9.59
9.41
8.83
8.53
9.01
10.31
8.06
7.05

9.70
9.88
9.81
9.53
9.19
8.89
9.37

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

$749.06 $736.03 $741.57
802.59 781.54 788.95
1,010.10 979.11
625.05 629.41
717.60 701.95
432.70 433.72
768.83 769.86
$762.96 $756.84
694.45 696.70
515.84 512.52
583.95 581.44
397.13 393.81
731.73 724.16
748.21 754.45
$433.62 $438.60
433.94 447.73

12.57

505.12
671.93
501.82
449.34
481.34
553.20
447.58
447.02
416.77
348.98
609.18
351.02

511.70
679.76
513.28
459.95
504.64
561.26
447.58
447.26
414.91
359.20
618.22
346.48

524.17
696.53
523.13
473.28
504.08
575.29
460.62
441.60
439.30
367.70
666.64
362.53

523.34
696.86
524.41
464.58
509.41
586.70
459.20
442.54
435.72
369.72
654.05
362.04

529.20

9.74

378.28
385.31
378.85
373.18
354.71
337.85
365.16
419.21
332.48
299.30
397.94
422.71

384.48
387.03
381.68
376.40
358.50
333.52
373.92
428.90
331.27
291.17
407.62
429.22

388.97
382.36
376.70
390.73
368.52
350.27
380.42
431.21
336.53
293.13
408.85
432.82

393.26
397.79
394.00
396.20
374.24
348.59
389.16
445.13
321.50
274.79
412.09
434.70

398.37

9.36
15.14
8.40

10.04

10.70
8.33
7.22
10.12

10.52

10.48

9.71
9.92
9.85
9.64
9.15
8.87
9.31
10.91
8.16
7.01
10.15
10.50

11.02

11.07

11.31

11.30

11.35

450.72

454.98

468.23

466.69

469.89

10.38
8.55

10.55
8.61
9.38

10.66

10.66
8.76

10.82

429.73
347.13
386.88
421.03
297.08
485.89
421.78
527.39
407.83
591.05
407.69
364.90
571.13
497.51
450.11

436.77
353.87

450.92
371.32
425.99
443.83
313.61
517.23
456.23
556.82
428.57
598.53
442.76
366.21
611.69
536.27
477.11

445.59
366.17
426.50
433.16
308.87
512.73
446.13
546.94
416.12
620.13
423.07
363.01
603.13
537.58
476.70

454.44

9.30
9.93
7.54
11.68
10.44
12.38
9.78
12.99
9.73
8.90
12.58

10.43
10.30

9.89
7.60
11.83
10.46
12.58
10.13
13.32

10.23
9.15
12.76
10.57
10.40

8.82

9.53
10.11
7.86
12.17
11.02
12.83

9.99
13.45
10.04

9.02
13.24

11.41
10.44

9.52
10.05
7.78

12.15
10.75
12.93
10.10
13.75

10.17
9.19
13.14
11.27
10.50

399.59
426.26
299.44
492.13
422.58
538.42

411.28
614.05
411.25
348.6i
588.24

512.65
457.60

See footnotes at end of table.




111

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994 P

205
2051

40.1
39.5

40.5
39.8

40.5
39.5

40.2
39.5

4.8
4.5

5.0
4.8

4.9
4.6

4.6
4.6

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

41.4
42.2
50.1
46.3
45.3
40.0
44.5
41.1
42.1
40.8
40.7

41.7
42.0
58.9
48.4
41.1
39.6
45.3
41.1
43.3
40.5
40.5

42.3
41.1
46.3
50.4
39.3
39.9
44.6
42.6
45.8
41.6
41.3

41.5
41.7
45.6
51.8
41.4
40.4
45.3
42.3
45.7
41.0
40.5

5.3
4.8
9.8
8.5
7.4
3.3
7.3
4.8
6.9
3.8
5.0

5.4
4.8
16.8
9.8
4.7
3.3
7.3
4.9
7.8
4.0
4.6

5.4
4.6
7.0
10.3
4.6
3.9
6.7
5.5
7.5
4.6
5.3

4.5
5.3
8.5
11.1
6.2
4.2
6.8
5.2
7.8
3.9
4.7

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

38.7
36.4

37.7
36.2

41.2
41.8

41.8
42.5

39.6

2.0
1.4

1.8
1.2

4.6
5.9

5.1
6.9

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics .
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks ....
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yam spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

41.7
42.1
42.2
43.0
38.7
39.9
39.4
39.7
39.6
40.2
39.7
43.7
45.3
41.9
44.3
41.4
41.6
39.1
43.7

42.2
42.2
42.6
43.1
39.9
40.7
42.4
40.3
38.9
41.2
40.9
43.9
45.4
42.3
44.2
41.7
41.9
39.6
44.5

42.1
42.9
41.7
42.9
40.5
41.1
41.0
40.2
41.1
40.4
41.5
43.2
44.5
41.9
43.6
41.5
41.9
38.3
43.1

41.9
42.6
42.1
40.6
39.8
41.3
40.8
40.6
41.5
40.5
41.3
42.8
43.4
41.9
42.5
41.9
42.4
38.8
42.9

41.9

4.7
5.9
4.7
5.9
2.2
3.4
3.4
3.9
2.8
2.0
3.8
6.2
6.9
5.3
6.6
4.3
4.4
3.3
5.4

4.9
5.8
4.8
5.8
3.2
3.6
5.2
4.2
2.3
2.5
4.1
6.2
7.1
5.2
6.6
4.5
4.7
3.2
5.9

4.9
6.4
4.7
5.2
3.5
3.9
3.5
3.9
3.6
2.6
5.3
5.7
6.6
4.9
6.2
4.5
4.7
3.1
5.3

4.7
6.0
4.5
4.5
3.2
3.9
3.6
3.8
3.6
2.6
4.6
5.8
5.9
5.5
5.5
4.5
4.8
2.9
4.9

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts ..
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses ....
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses .
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

37.2
36.8
36.7
35.3
36.1
37.3
35.5
35.5
35.9
35.0
35.5
38.6
38.7
38.3
37.0
36.8
37.4
39.8
39.0
40.4
40.0

37.6
37.0
37.4
35.7
37.5
38.0
36.0
35.8
36.0
35.2
36.1
38.4
38.2
39.0
37.5
36.7
38.1
39.9
38.4
40.1
40.7

37.8
36.1
38.0
37.3
37.5
37.8
35.9
36.4
36.2
35.2
35.8
38.2
38.2
38.4
38.8
38.5
37.8
40.2
38.6
40.1
41.7

37.9
36.5
38.2
37.3
37.4
38.1
35.8
36.3
36.4
34.4
35.8
38.6
38.7
38.3
38.4
38.1
37.9
40.5
39.3
40.1
41.3

38.0

2.0
1.3
1.5
1.2
1.5
1.4
1.5
.9
2.3
1.4
1.4
2.3
2.3
2.4
1.7
1.4
2.0
3.7
3.1
4.2
4.3

2.0
1.3
1.6
1.2
1.7
1.6
1.4
.7
2.0
1.4
1.3
2.1
2.0
2.6
1.8
1.5
2.1
3.8
3.0
3.7
4.7

2.3
1.1
2.1
1.4
2.1
1.9
1.7
1.3
2.1
1.4
1.6
2.5
2.4
2.9
2.7
2.4
2.1
3.9
2.3
3.8
4.9

2.3
1.2
2.1
1.5
1.8
2.0
1.7
1.0
2.0
1.5
1.8
2.5
2.4
2.8
2.3
2.2
2.0
3.8
2.3
3.9
4.6

Paper and allied products .
Paper mills

26
262
263

44.0
45.8
45.9

44.1
45.3
45.9

44.4
46.0
46.2

44.4
46.4
46.0

44.3

5.7
6.3
7.5

5.5
6.0
7.3

6.3
6.6
8.2

6.1
6.6
8.0

Paperboard mills
See footnotes at end of table.

112



Nov.
1994 P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

205
2051

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

$466.76 $473.45 $477.50 $468.33
454.65 458.50 462.15 457.41

$11.64 $11.69 $11.79 $11.65
11.51 11.52 11.70 11.58

504.64
475.12
505.60
805.39
506.18
419.75
505.76
644.11
942.56
502.53
391.52

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

11.86
10.76
10.18
16.31
10.35
9.96
10.97
14.76
20.14
12.00
9.61

11.98
11.03
10.54
16.30
11.36
10.01
11.00
15.09
20.57
12.27
9.65

11.93
11.56
10.92
15.98
12.88
10.52
11.34
15.12
20.58
12.08
9.48

11.79
11.25
10.25
16.22
11.28
10.42
11.20
15.18
20.55
12.15
9.65

491.00
454.07
510.02
755.15
468.86
398.40
488.17
606.64
847.89
489.60
391.13

499.57
463.26
620.81
788.92
466.90
396.40
498.30
620.20
890.68
496.94
390.83

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

15.84
21.32

16.20
21.44

18.49
24.28

18.36 $18.73
24.31

613.01
776.05

610.74 761.79 767.45 $741.71
776.13 1,014.90 1,033.18

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

8.95
9.38
9.82
9.42
8.17
8.14
7.66
7.90
7.76
8.07
9.12
9.26
9.11
9.76
8.96
8.66
8.61
9.00
10.47

8.98
9.31
9.89
9.40
8.27
8.19
7.86
7.91
7.75
8.16
9.16
9.24
9.20
9.55
9.03
8.68
8.65
8.97
10.48

9.21
9.72
10.15
9.57
8.40
8.40
7.95
8.17
7.83
8.58
9.39
9.43
9.21
9.94
9.17
8.96
8.94
9.38
10.61

9.20
9.68
10.14
9.47
8.40
8.41
7.92
8.12
7.88
8.61
9.39
9.47
9.21
9.94
9.21
8.95
8.94
9.29

9.27

373.22
394.90
414.40
405.06
316.18
324.79
301.80
313.63
307.30
324.41
362.06
404.66
412.68
408.94
396.93
358.52
358.18
351.90
457.54

378.96
392.88
421.31
405.14
329.97
333.33
333.26
318.77
301.48
336.19
374.64
405.64
417.68
403.97
399.13
361.96
362.44
355.21
466.36

387.74 385.48
416.99 412.37
423.26 426.89
410.55 384.48
340.20 334.32
345.24 347.33
325.95 323.14
328.43 329.67
321.81 327.02
346.63 348.71
389.69 387.81
407.38 405.32
409.85 399.71
416.49 416.49
399.81 391.43
371.84 375.01
374.59 379.06
359.25 360.45
457.29 452.17

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

7.14
7.89
6.72
6.72
6.56
6.42
6.78
6.28
7.40
7.23
6.60
6.92
6.75
7.64
6.42
6.32
6.99
8.19
7.37
7.52
9.97

7.18
7.90
6.73
6.77
6.53
6.38
6.75
6.27
7.36
7.41
6.55
6.92
6.72
7.78
6.42
6.28
7.03
8.36
7.24
7.48
10.59

7.44
7.97
7.04
6.96
6.94
6.73
7.04
6.55
7.61
7.53
6.90
7.03
6.81
7.91
6.58
6.49
6.99
8.65
7.35
7.80
11.23

7.41
7.95
7.03
6.95
6.90
6.73
7.02
6.42
7.49
7.55
6.92
6.97
6.78
7.74
6.66
6.47
7.00
8.57
7.24
7.82
11.00

7.43

265.61
290.35
246.62
237.22
236.82
239.47
240.69
222.94
265.66
253.05
234.30
267.11
261.23
292.61
237.54
232.58
261.43
325.96
287.43
303.81
398.80

269.97
292.30
251.70
241.69
244.88
242.44
243.00
224.47
264.96
260.83
236.46
265.73
256.70
303.42
240.75
230.48
267.84
333.56
278.02
299.95
431.01

281.23
287.72
267.52
259.61
260.25
254.39
252.74
238.42
275.48
265.06
247.02
268.55
260.14
303.74
255.30
249.87
264.22
347.73
283.71
312.78
468.29

280.84 282.34
290.18
268.55
259.24
258.06
256.41
251.32
233.05
272.64
259.72
247.74
269.04
262.39
296.44
255.74
246.51
265.30
347.09
284.53
313.58
454.30

Paper and allied products
Paper mills

26
262
263

13.55
16.87
17.00

13.54
16.83
17.04

13.95
17.30
17.87

13.88
17.21
17.75

13.93

596.20
772.65
780.30

597.11
762.40
782.14

619.38
795.80
825.59

616.27
798.54
816.50

Paperboard mills

10.54

489.29
469.13
467.40
840.20
466.99
420.97
507.36
642.11
939.14
498.15
390.83

388.41

617.10

See footnotes at end of table.




113

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated.
Envelopes

1987
SIC
Code

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

44.0
44.9
42.5
43.8
42.1
42.1
42.1
40.8

44.3
45.1
42.6
44.0
42.6
42.8
42.3
42.4

44.8
45.6
42.5
45.2
42.4
43.2
41.6
41.7

44.5
45.4
40.8
44.7
42.4
42.8
41.8
41.8

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

38.6
33.0
38.1
40.5
39.3
41.9
37.0
40.3
40.2
39.7
41.8
39.4
39.6

38.8
33.8
37.6
40.5
39.2
41.8
37.3
40.3
40.1
40.2
41.8
39.2
39.7

39.1
33.1
38.1
41.7
40.2
43.2
37.1
40.8
40.6
40.7
41.9
40.1
40.2

39.0
33.2
36.8
40.3
39.7
40.8
38.0
40.9
40.6
41.2
42.0
39.7
40.2

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations.
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

43.1
43.8
43.4
44.2
45.3
43.0
41.5
41.2
42.0
42.7
41.4
42.0
41.8
45.3
45.5
45.2
45.0
42.6

43.4
44.0
43.4
44.3
45.2
43.4
41.5
41.3
42.5
43.7
41.9
42.2
42.5
45.4
46.1
45.2
44.9
43.1

43.1
43.9
43.3
44.1
45.0
43.2
41.3
41.0
40.7
42.3
40.4
40.0
42.9
45.6
45.9
45.6
45.9
43.3

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials .

29
291
295

45.8
46.0
46.3

43.9
43.7
45.3

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting .
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

41.9
43.2
42.0
40.8
42.2
41.6
41.9

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

See footnotes at end of table.

114



4011

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

5.6
6.4
4.0
5.5
4.7
3.8
5.2
3.5

5.7
6.4
4.2
5.4
4.7
4.1
5.2
4.0

6.7
7.5
4.5
6.7
5.4
4.5
5.7
4.5

6.3
7.0
3.7
6.2
5.1
4.4
5.3
4.3

39.1

3.5
1.3
2.8
3.5
2.6
4.6
1.8
4.5
4.2
4.4
4.4
2.9
3.9

3.5
1.5
3.0
3.6
2.4
4.9
2.2
4.4
4.2
4.2
4.6
2.8
3.8

3.9
1.5
3.8
4.3
2.3
6.4
2.6
4.9
4.8
4.8
4.6
2.9
4.8

3.7
1.4
2.7
3.1
2.1
4.2
2.6
4.9
4.7
4.8
4.3
2.8
4.5

43.4
44.7
43.8
44.6
45.7
43.6
41.6
41.2
41.2
40.9
40.2
41.9
42.8
45.5
46.0
45.4
46.2
43.2

43.7

5.0
5.4
5.7
6.2
7.1
5.1
3.8
3.6
3.7
4.4
4.0
3.1
3.8
6.4
8.7
5.9
5.7
4.8

4.8
5.2
5.3
6.0
6.9
5.1
3.7
3.5
3.6
4.7
3.8
2.8
3.7
6.3
7.9
5.9
5.5
4.8

5.1
5.6
5.6
6.5
7.3
5.7
3.8
3.6
3.7
4.4
3.8
3.3
4.6
6.4
8.3
6.0
6.4
5.2

5.2
5.8
5.5
6.5
7.0
5.8
3.9
3.7
3.7
4.1
3.7
3.5
4.2
6.9
8.6
6.5
6.5
4.9

46.3
46.7
46.4

45.0
44.7
46.4

44.6

6.3
5.5
9.5

5.8
5.2
8.5

7.3
6.9
9.4

7.8
7.5
9.4

42.3
43.3
43.5
41.5
42.9
42.0
42.3

42.3
44.0
39.0
42.4
44.4
42.1
42.2

42.5
45.4
39.2
42.5
43.8
42.1
42.3

42.7

4.5
6.5
3.3
3.6
3.8
3.9
4.5

4.7
6.3
3.5
4.2
4.2
4.1
4.6

4.9
6.1
2.1
5.0
5.7
4.6
4.9

4.8
6.5
2.4
4.9
5.1
4.7
4.6

38.7
41.7
37.9
37.6
38.1
38.6
39.7

38.8
42.5
37.9
37.5
38.0
38.3
39.7

38.9
43.5
37.8
37.8
38.1
39.8
38.7

39.2
43.7
37.8
37.8
38.0
40.8
39.8

38.8

2.6
5.2
1.8
1.7
1.9
2.2
3.4

2.7
4.9
2.1
2.1
2.0
2.3
3.2

2.6
5.7
1.8
1.6
1.8
3.6
2.6

2.7
5.8
1.6
1.3
1.6
4.0
3.8

39.9

39.7

40.1

40.2

39.7

47.4

46.8

46.4

46.9

Nov.
1994 P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

1987
SIC
Code

265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

$502.04 $508.12 $530.88 $523.32
516.80 521.81 545.83 538.90
481.53 483.94 490.88 465.12
525.16 528.88 563.19 553.83
497.62 505.66 517.28 513.04
572.56 589.78 613.87 606.48
469.84 471.65 484.22 478.19
444.31 462.16 473.71 476.10

$11.41 $11.47 $11.85 $11.76
11.51 11.57 11.97 11.87
11.33 11.36 11.55 11.40
11.99 12.02 12.46 12.39
11.82 11.87 12.20 12.10
13.60 13.78 14.21 14.17
11.16 11.15 11.64 11.44
10.89 10.90 11.36 11.39

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

12.04
11.90
13.34
11.26
10.93
11.60
11.56
12.20
12.28
11.84
12.71
9.51
14.55

12.01
11.87
13.50
11.26
10.82
11.71
11.48
12.16
12.25
11.80
12.69
9.50
14.47

12.26
12.11
13.38
11.49
10.97
11.99
11.88
12.49
12.57
12.14
12.97
9.59
14.83

12.22 $12.17
12.06
13.34
11.63
11.19
12.08
11.98
12.41
12.52
12.00
12.95
9.58
14.79

464.74
392.70
508.25
456.03
429.55
486.04
427.72
491.66
493.66
470.05
531.28
374.69
576.18

465.99
401.21
507.60
456.03
424.14
489.48
428.20
490.05
491.23
474.36
530.44
372.40
574.46

479.37
400.84
509.78
479.13
440.99
517.97
440.75
509.59
510.34
494.10
543.44
384.56
596.17

476.58 $475.85
400.39
490.91
468.69
444.24
492.86
455.24
507.57
508.31
494.40
543.90
380.33
594.56

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

14.89
16.59
17.08
15.29
16.82
13.66
14.68
14.78
12.30
15.78
11.71
10.53
12.74
17.85
17.45
18.07
15.28
13.61

14.95
16.62
17.13
15.31
16.90
13.62
14.71
14.79
12.51
15.98
11.72
10.79
12.91
17.89
17.48
18.11
15.13
13.68

15.32
16.94
17.38
15.85
17.67
13.62
14.81
14.81
12.81
16.33
11.74
11.39
13.04
18.36
17.81
18.61
15.65
14.13

15.31
16.96
17.28
15.80
17.63
13.55
14.89
14.87
12.67
16.42
11.81
11.13
13.04
18.47
17.87
18.73
15.65
14.08

15.31

641.76
726.64
741.27
675.82
761.95
587.38
609.22
608.94
516.60
673.81
484.79
442.26
532.53
808.61
793.98
816.76
687.60
579.79

648.83
731.28
743.44
678.23
763.88
591.11
610.47
610.83
531.68
698.33
491.07
455.34
548.68
812.21
805.83
818.57
679.34
589.61

660.29
743.67
752.55
698.99
795.15
588.38
611.65
607.21
521.37
690.76
474.30
455.60
559.42
837.22
817.48
848.62
718.34
611.83

664.45
758.11
756.86
704.68
805.69
590.78
619.42
612.64
522.00
671.58
474.76
466.35
558.11
840.39
822.02
850.34
723.03
608.26

669.05

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

18.57
20.39
14.12

18.67
20.54
14.11

19.38
21.40
14.32

19.43
21.61
14.31

19.31

850.51
937.94
653.76

819.61
897.60
639.18

897.29
999.38
664.45

874.35
965.97
663.98

861.23

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

10.60
17.90
7.84
10.60
10.87
10.05
9.85

10.61
17.65
7.90
10.69
10.85
10.14
9.90

10.65
17.52
7.77
10.98
11.25
10.19
10.03

10.63
17.39
7.70
10.98
11.20
10.25
9.98

10.67

444.14
773.28
329.28
432.48
458.71
418.08
412.72

448.80
764.25
343.65
443.64
465.47
425.88
418.77

450.50
770.88
303.03
465.55
499.50
429.00
423.27

451.78
789.51
301.84
466.65
490.56
431.53
422.15

455.61

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

7.67
10.00
7.28
7.81
6.67
7.65
6.86

7.80
9.97
7.38
7.95
6.78
7.98
7.12

7.97
10.71
7.50
8.10
6.89
7.88
7.23

8.03
10.67
7.60
8.14
6.95
7.82
7.42

8.06

296.83
417.00
275.91
293.66
254.13
295.29
272.34

302.64
423.73
279.70
298.13
257.64
305.63
282.66

310.03
465.89
283.50
306.18
262.51
313.62
279.80

314.78
466.28
287.28
307.69
264.10
319.06
295.32

312.73

13.66

13.69

13.93

14.04

14.05

545.03

543.49

558.59

564.41

557.79

17.01

17.03

16.85

16.95

806.27

797.00

781.84

794.96

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

4011

See footnotes at end of table.




115

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
,
Intercity and rural bus transportation

1987
SIC
Code

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

41
411
413

34.2
38.4
39.4

33.7
38.5
37.7

33.9
38.2
38.6

34.1
38.2
38.2

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air.
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

39.2
39.0
41.8

39.1
38.9
41.5

39.7
39.7
40.4

39.7
39.6
40.9

Water transportation:
Water transportation services.

449

36.2

35.5

35.8

36.3

Pipelines, except natural gas ....

46

44.7

42.4

44.0

43.6

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement.
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

47
472
4724
473

37.2
36.0
36.0
38.2

37.1
35.8
35.7
38.3

37.2
35.8
35.6
38.6

38.1
36.6
36.6
39.6

Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
4813
483
484

39.4
41.0
41.1
34.2
38.9

39.4
41.0
41.1
34.2
39.1

39.8
41.5
41.7
34.5
39.3

39.9
41.6
41.6
35.1
38.9

Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

42.5
42.0
43.5
43.0
42.9

42.5
42.0
43.3
42.9
42.9

42.3
42.2
42.9
41.8
43.1

42.9
42.8
44.2
42.5
43.0

38.3

38.2

38.4

38.7

Wholesale trade .
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment.
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
507
508
509

38.9
38.5
38.1
40.1
39.0
38.2
40.7
38.4
38.8
39.6
37.5

38.8
38.2
37.7
39.7
39.0
38.4
40.7
38.3
38.6
39.4
37.6

39.0
38.6
37.5
40.3
39.0
38.3
40.9
38.7
38.7
39.5
37.7

39.4
38.6
37.7
40.6
39.6
38.8
41.5
39.1
39.2
40.0
38.1

Nondurable goods
.
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods .

51
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519

37.5
36.6
37.0
37.0
38.1
37.4
40.1
38.0
36.8
36.7

37.5
36.5
37.3
36.8
38.2
36.8
40.1
37.4
36.9
36.7

37.6
36.5
37.2
37.1
38.6
36.0
39.9
38.1
36.7
36.7

37.9
37.0
37.3
38.0
38.6
38.6
40.1
38.1
37.0
36.9

28.8

28.6

28.9

29.1

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies .
Lumber and other building materials ...
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores

52
521
523
525
526

36.5
38.3
36.3
32.2
33.9

36.2
38.1
36.0
31.9
33.1

36.5
38.4
36.4
32.0
33.0

36.4
38.3
36.6
32.2
32.8

General merchandise stores .
Department stores

53
531

29.1
29.2

28.9
28.9

30.1
30.2

29.7
29.8

See footnotes at end of table.

116




Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1994P

38.4

28.7

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

41
411
413

$9.97 $10.07 $10.17 $10.19
10.69 10.77 10.82 10.86
12.85 12.89 12.52 12.61

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

12.48
12.69
9.90

12.52

Water transportation:
Water transportation services

449

Pipelines, except natural gas

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

$340.97 $339.36 $344.76 $347.48
410.50 414.65 413.32 414.85
506.29 485.95 483.27 481.70

9.96

12.72
12.92
10.18

12.72
12.94
10.10

489.22
494.91
413.82

489.53
495.59
413.34

504.98
512.92
411.27

504.98
512.42
413.09

17.57

17.77

17.87

17.66

636.03

630.84

639.75

641.06

46

19.98

19.87

20.13

20.29

893.11

842.49

885.72

884.64

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

47
472
4724
473

11.08
10.26
10.24
12.28

11.10
10.30
10.27
12.31

11.86
11.29
11.38
12.87

12.05
11.48
11.60
13.13

412.18
369.36
368.64
469.10

411.81
368.74
366.64
471.47

441.19
404.18
405.13
496.78

459.11
420.17
424.56
519.95

Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48

484

15.02
15.77
15.97
14.38
11.39

15.09
15.81
16.03
14.61
11.51

15.42
16.15
16.49
14.99
11.72

15.43
16.15
16.52
15.02
11.76

591.79
646.57
656.37
491.80
443.07

594.55
648.21
658.83
499.66
450.04

613.72
670.23
687.63
517.16
460.60

615.66
671.84
687.23
527.20
457.46

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

16.99
17.60
16.61
20.37
12.18

17.02
17.66
16.77
20.18
12.27

17.33
18.00
16.86
20.92
12.40

17.66
18.39
17.22
21.20
12.56

722.08
739.20
722.54
875.91
522.52

723.35
741.72
726.14
865.72
526.38

733.06
759.60
723.29
874.46
534.44

757.61
787.09
761.12
901.00
540.08

11.81

11.80

12.05

12.15 $12.10

452.32

450.76

462.72

470.21 $464.64

12.19
10.70
10.78
11.32
14.66
13.20
12.10
12.79
11.52
12.13
9.52

12.19
10.69
10.73
11.28
14.73
13.18
12.08
12.70
11.47
12.13
9.53

12.45
10.99
11.05
11.65
14.83
13.11
12.29
13.03
11.82
12.53
9.91

12.57
10.99
11.18
11.74
15.03
13.11
12.43
13.17
11.96
12.67
9.95

474.19
411.95
410.72
453.93
571.74
504.24
492.47
491.14
446.98
480.35
357.00

472.97
408.36
404.52
447.82
574.47
506.11
491.66
486.41
442.74
477.92
358.33

485.55
424.21
414.38
469.50
578.37
502.11
502.66
504.26
457.43
494.94
373.61

495.26
424.21
421.49
476.64
595.19
508.67
515.85
514.95
468.83
506.80
379.10

11.30
12.17
13.58
10.80
11.53

9.56

11.28
11.98
13.39
10.90
11.55
8.42
13.13
10.69
12.94
9.50

11.52
12.02
14.29
11.03
11.81
8.59
13.21
10.95
13.10
9.68

11.59
12.20
14.31
11.11
11.92
8.67
13.35
11.01
13.10
9.78

423.75
445.42
502.46
399.60
439.29
313.04
534.13
407.36
473.98
350.85

423.00
437.27
499.45
401.12
441.21
309.86
526.51
399.81
477.49
348.65

433.15
438.73
531.59
409.21
455.87
309.24
527.08
417.20
480.77
355.26

439.26
451.40
533.76
422.18
460.11
334.66
535.34
419.48
484.70
360.88

7.36

7.36

7.54

7.57

211.97

210.50

217.91

220.29

481
4813
483

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
507

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods

51

508

509
511
512
513
514
515
516
517

518
519

Retail trade

8.37
13.32
10.72
12.88

12.74

7.56

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores

52
521
523
525
526

8.74
9.05
9.36
7.48
7.72

8.76
9.08
9.44
7.50
7.66

8.93
9.24
9.55
7.65
7.93

8.98
9.28
9.60
7.65
8.00

319.01
346.62
339.77
240.86
261.71

317.11
345.95
339.84
239.25
253.55

325.95
354.82
347.62
244.80
261.69

326.87
355.42
351.36
246.33
262.40

General merchandise stores
Department stores

53
531

7.31
7.29

7.29
7.27

7.46
7.43

7.48
7.46

212.72
212.87

210.68
210.10

224.55
224.39

222.16
222.31

216.97

See footnotes at end of table.




117

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores—Continued
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

533
539

27.5
29.0

27.6
29.1

28.1
30.2

28.0
29.9

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

29.5
29.6
28.7

29.4
29.6
28.4

29.8
30.0
28.6

29.6
29.8
29.1

Automotive dealers and service stations ...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

55
551
553
554
559

36.1
37.4
38.0
33.3
33.0

35.9
37.3
37.7
33.1
34.2

35.6
36.8
37.8
32.7
33.7

36.0
37.2
38.1
33.1
34.6

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

26.3
29.0
23.9
27.5
26.8

26.2
28.7
23.6
27.5
26.7

26.2
28.7
24.0
27.1
26.7

26.3
28.7
24.0
27.5
26.5

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...

57
571
572
573

5731
5735

33.2
33.3
34.3
32.6
32.1
27.8

33.1
33.3
33.7
32.6
32.2
28.1

33.3
33.3
34.5
33.1
33.3
28.2

33.4
33.3
35.0
33.1
33.4
28.1

Eating and drinking places4

58

25.2

24.8

25.1

25.6

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee

59

29.5
27.7
32.3
27.9
33.8
38.6
30.9
32.8
31.7

29.4
27.9
32.5
27.4
34.3
38.7
30.6
32.7
31.0

29.7
28.4
32.0
28.0
34.5
37.7
31.0
33.4
31.5

29.8
28.3
31.9
28.1
33.9
38.8
31.0
33.6
31.3

35.7

35.7

35.4

36.2

34.9
34.8
35.2
34.4
35.4

34.9
34.8
35.2
34.4
35.7

35.8
35.7
36.3
35.3
36.2

Finance, insurance, and real estate

591

593
594
596
598

599
5995
5999

5

Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee ...
Credit unions

60
602
6022
606

35.0
34.9
35.4
34.5
35.5

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions

61
614

38.1
37.9

37.8
37.5

37.1
37.4

38.3
38.3

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

36.1

36.0

37.2

38.1

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
6324
633

37.8
37.4
38.4
38.2
37.4

37.8
37.4
38.4
38.2
37.4

37.6
37.1
37.8
37.6
37.9

38.1
37.9
38.1
37.8
37.9

32.4

32.4

32.4

32.8

34.1
28.4
36.6

33.6
28.1
35.9

34.6
28.7
36.9

34.5
29.0
36.6

6021,9

Services
Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services
See footnotes at end of table.

118




07
074
078

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1994P

35.4

32.5

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores—Continued
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

$181.78 $182.16 $204.01 $202.16
233.45 232.80 240.09 235.61

533
539

$6.61
8.05

$6.60
8.00

$7.26
7.95

$7.22
7.88

Food stores
Grocery stores .
Retail bakeries .

54
541
546

7.87
7.96
6.88

7.89
7.99
6.86

7.98
8.08
7.09

7.98
8.08
7.10

232.17
235.62
197.46

231.97
236.50
194.82

237.80
242.40
202.77

236.21
240.78
206.61

Automotive dealers and service stations .
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

55
551
553
554

9.75
12.09

10.23

6.75
10.52

12.91
8.50
6.83
11.42

10.21
12.81
8.54

559

9.78
12.17
8.35
6.74
10.71

11.42

353.06
455.16
317.30
224.44
353.43

350.03
450.96
313.66
223.43
359.78

364.19
475.09
321.30
223.34
384.85

367.56
476.53
325.37
225.41
395.13

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores .
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores

56
561
562
565
566

7.07
8.36
6.72
6.84
7.37

7.06
8.36
6.67
6.87
7.41

7.22
8.41
6.86
7.10
7.42

7.29
8.52
6.91
7.19
7.47

185.94
242.44
160.61
188.10
197.52

184.97
239.93
157.41
188.93
197.85

189.16
241.37
164.64
192.41
198.11

191.73
244.52
165.84
197.73
197.96

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores .
Record and prerecorded tape stores

57
571
572
573
5731
5735

3.55
9.36
9.83
9.77
9.79
5.95

9.53
9.43
9.79
9.61
9.64
5.94

9.90
9.72
10.11
10.14
10.04
6.04

9.94
9.74
9.98
10.24
9.91
6.07

317.06
311.69
337.17
318.50
314.26
165.41

315.44
314.02
329.92
313.29
310.41
166.91

329.67
323.68
348.80
335.63
334.33
170.33

332.00
324.34
349.30
338.94
330.99
170.57

Eating and drinking places4 .

58

5.38

5.39

5.50

5.53

135.58

133.67

138.05

141.57

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores .
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers

59
591
593
594
596
598
599
5995
5999

8.01
8.24
6.79
7.35
8.54
11.28
8.20
9.95
8.55

7.97
8.24
6.78
7.30
8.52
11.32
8.13
10.09
8.42

8.19
8.50
6.86
7.53
8.79
11.26
8.41
10.52
8.72

8.21
8.51
6.88
7.53
8.75
10.67
8.79

236.30
228.25
219.32
205.07
288.65
435.41
253.38
326.36
271.04

234.32
229.90
220.35
200.02
292.24
438.08
248.78
329.94
261.02

243.24
241.40
219.52
210.84
303.26
424.50
260.71
351.37
274.68

244.66
240.83
219.47
211.59
296.63
446.98
262.57
358.51
275.13

11.52

11.57

11.85

12.00 $11.93

411.26

413.05

419.49

434.40 $422.32

9.15
8.73
8.59
8.84
9.14

9.17
8.74
8.61
8.83
9.17

9.41
8.99
8.85
9.10
9.30

9.50
9.08
8.91
9.21
9.43

320.25
304.68
304.09
304.98
324.47

320.03
304.15
303.07
303.75
324.62

328.41
312.85
311.52
313.04
332.01

340.10
324.16
323.43
325.11
341.37

Shoe stores

Retail stores, nee
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee
Finance, insurance, and real estate 5 .

8.32

6.81

11.52
8.47

Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee .
Credit unions

60
602
6022
6021,9
606

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions .

61
614

12.76
10.00

12.90
10.10

12.37
10.18

12.45
10.24

486.16
379.00

487.62
378.75

458.93
380.73

476.84
392.19

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

15.74

15.77

16.17

16.72

568.21

567.72

601.52

637.03

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance .
Hospital and medical service plans ..
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance ...

63
631
632
6324
633

13.37
12.66
12.74
13.04
14.30

13.45
12.85
12.86
13.12
14.29

14.06
13.30
13.57
13.91
14.92

14.20
13.38
13.81
14.15
15.07

505.39
473.48
489.22
498.13
534.82

508.41
480.59
493.82
501.18
534.45

528.66
493.43
512.95
523.0!
565.47

541.02
507.10
526.16
534.87
571.15

10.87

10.93

11.13

11.22

352.19

354.13

360.61

368.02

8.63
8.27
8.81

8.71
8.29
8.93

8.59
8.55
8.65

8.65
8.56
8.74

294.28
234.87
322.45

292.66
232.95
320.59

297.21
245.39
319.19

298.43
248.24
319.88

Services
Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services .

07
074
078

11.22

364.65

See footnotes at end of table.




119

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

1987
SIC
Code

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

701

31.2

30.7

30.9

31.7

721
723
729

34.1
28.6
24.9

33.9
28.5
24.2

33.6
28.2
24.6

34.1
28.5
25.6

Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
„
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services

73
731

32.8
36.8

33.1
36.6

32.9
36.4

33.3
37.3

7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359

37.1
28.8
37.9
28.0
39.7
38.6
40.4
39.7

37.4
28.6
37.1
27.8
38.9
38.5
39.7
38.7

37.4
28.4
37.5
27.5
39.1
37.3
41.2
38.9

37.9
28.8
38.4
28.0
39.5
38.4
42.0
39.0

7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382

30.7
38.1
38.5
37.9
38.6
39.2
33.5
33.5
36.9

31.7
38.1
38.3
38.6
38.7
39.0
33.3
33.5
36.2

31.6
37.4
37.6
37.5
35.7
39.4
33.6
34.0
35.9

31.7
38.3
38.2
38.8
36.9
40.5
33.9
34.0
36.7

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers.
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops .
General automotive repair shops .
Automotive services, except repair.
Carwashes

75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
754
7542

36.5
37.0
35.9
34.1
38.4
37.5
38.2
31.1
28.7

36.3
36.9
35.8
33.3
38.2
37.5
37.9
31.2
28.8

36.3
36.2
35.9
33.3
38.2
37.2
37.7
31.9
30.8

36.4
36.6
36.1
33.9
38.3
37.6
37.8
31.7
29.5

Miscellaneous repair services .

76

38.1

38.1

38.4

38.5

29.5
38.4
22.8

29.9
38.7
22.9

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services .
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services .
Video tape rental

78
781
784

28.5
39.2
22.8

28.5
39.1
22.6

Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services .
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs .

79
793
799
7991
7997

26.6
24.2
26.4
18.0
28.6

26.8
24.4
26.3
18.0
27.8

26.2
24.5
26.0
19.0
28.5

26.5
24.7
26.1
19.5
28.6

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners .
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
H o m e health care services

80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
808

32.7
32.3
28.1
29.7
32.0
31.3
34.5
27.8

32.8
32.3
28.2
29.7
32.0
31.3
34.6
27.9

32.8
32.4
27.9
29.8
32.4
32.1
34.6
28.1

32.9
32.7
28.2
30.1
32.7
32.3
34.6
28.8

Legal services

81

34.6

34.6

34.4

35.3

See footnotes at end of table.

120




Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

$238.06 $237.62 $239.48 $247.26

701

$7.63

$7.74

$7.75

$7.80

721
723
729

7.24
7.86
7.81

7.24
7.91
7.82

7.37
8.25
8.03

7.37
8.14
8.15

246.88
224.80
194.47

245.44
225.44
189.24

247.63
232.65
197.54

251.32
231.99
208.64

Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services

73
731

10.12
15.31

10.14
15.23

10.39
15.54

10.42
15.77

331.94
563.41

335.63
557.42

341.83
565.66

346.99
588.22

7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359

9.69
7.47
9.80
7.20
10.70
10.42
14.35
9.69

9.74
7.45
9.76
7.18
10.70
10.32
14.12
9.78

10.01
7.50
9.81
7.22
10.97
10.39
14.51
10.00

10.03
7.48
9.86
7.19
11.08
10.37
14.83
10.05

359.50
215.14
371.42
201.60
424.79
402.21
579.74
384.69

364.28
213.07
362.10
199.60
416.23
397.32
560.56
378.49

374.37
213.00
367.88
198.55
428.93
387.55
597.81
389.00

380.14
215.42
378.62
201.32
437.66
398.21
622.86
391.95

7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382

8.18
16.60
19.43
17.32
14.41
13.67
8.69
6.78
10.98

8.23
16.63
19.46
17.52
14.21
13.58
8.72
6.83
10.97

8.48
17.14
19.96
18.39
14.73
14.06
9.01
7.06
10.88

8.47
17.27
20.23
18.68
14.79
14.05
8.98
7.03
10.88

251.13
632.46
748.06
656.43
556.23
535.86
291.12
227.13
405.16

260.89
633.60
745.32
676.27
549.93
529.62
290.38
228.81
397.11

267.97
641.04
750.50
689.63
525.86
553.96
302.74
240.04
390.59

268.50
661.44
772.79
724.78
545.75
569.03
304.42
239.02
399.30

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes

75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
754
7542

9.40
9.34
8.36
6.86
10.39
10.97
10.42
6.94
6.13

9.43
9.26
8.29
6.88
10.45
11.05
10.43
6.96
6.16

9.66
9.50
8.55
7.14
10.71
11.28
10.78
7.04
6.23

9.71
9.60
8.67
7.14
10.76
11.30
10.85
7.07
6.25

343.10
345.58
300.12
233.93
398.98
411.38
398.04
215.83
175.93

342.31
341.69
296.78
229.10
399.19
414.38
395.30
217.15
177.41

350.66
343.90
306.95
237.76
409.12
419.62
406.41
224.58
191.88

353.44
351.36
312.99
242.05
412.11
424.88
410.13
224.12
184.38

Miscellaneous repair services

76

11.15

11.23

11.36

11.46

424.82

427.86

436.22

441.21

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Video tape rental

78
781
784

12.77
18.71
5.60

13.22
19.51
5.64

14.21
19.97
5.74

14.56
20.09
5.72

363.95
733.43
127.68

376.77
762.84
127.46

419.20
766.85
130.87

435.34
777.48
130.99

Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

79
793
799
7991
7997

8.66
6.55
8.05
7.82
8.09

8.96
6.50
8.28
7.81
8.22

8.67
6.68
8.03
7.94
8.20

9.03
6.69
8.23
7.86
8.34

230.36
158.51
212.52
140.76
231.37

240.13
158.60
217.76
140.58
228.52

227.15
163.66
208.78
150.86
233.70

239.30
165.24
214.80
153.27
238.52

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners .
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
H o m e health care services

80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
808

11.87
12.00
11.64
10.46
8.27
7.71
13.55
10.46

11.91
12.06
11.64
10.52
8.28
7.70
13.60
10.50

12.19
12.26
12.07
10.83
8.55
7.93
13.98
10.76

12.21
12.31
12.07
10.97
8.56
7.96
13.99
10.69

388.15
387.60
327.08
310.66
264.64
241.32
467.48
290.79

390.65
389.54
328.25
312.44
264.96
241.01
470.56
292.95

399.83
397.22
336.75
322.73
277.02
254.55
483.71
302.36

401.71
402.54
340.37
330.20
279.91
257.11
484.05
307.8

Legal services

81

15.31

15.31

15.70

16.02

529.73

529.73

540.08

565.51

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

Nov.
1994P

See footnotes at end of table.




121

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee

1987
SIC
Code

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

83
832
833
835
836
839

31.2
31.9
30.7
29.7
31.8
31.9

31.0
31.9
30.7
29.4
31.7
31.6

31.2
32.0
31.3
29.3
32.0
31.3

31.5
32.1
31.7
29.9
32.2
31.9

Membership organizations:
Professional organizations

862

35.1

35.2

34.6

35.3

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
Research and testing services
.....
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services

87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8741
8742
8743

37.0
39.0
39.2
38.0
39.0
35.9
36.7
38.8
29.8
36.8
35.7
34.4
36.3
33.0

36.9
38.9
39.1
38.1
38.5
35.9
36.4
38.7
29.8
36.4
35.6
34.6
36.2
32.4

37.0
38.9
39.0
38.4
38.9
36.1
36.2
38.9
28.8
36.3
36.0
35.0
36.0
32.3

37.3
39.3
39.4
38.8
38.3
36.6
36.3
38.9
29.2
36.6
36.2
35.0
36.4
33.2

Services, nee

89

36.1

36.4

38.3

39.1

See footnotes at end of table.

122




Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

83
832
833
835
836
839

$7.93
8.46
7.80
6.72
8.10
9.05

$7.95
8.47
7.82
6.74
8.13
9.07

$8.19
8.69
8.13
6.91
8.41
9.48

$8.23
8.76
8.18
6.97
8.40
9.63

Membership organizations:
Professional organizations

862

15.30

15.29

15.66

15.80

537.03

538.21

541.84

557.74

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services

87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8741
8742
8743

15.22
16.40
17.01
15.13
11.62
13.12
16.39
18.41
12.44
18.33
14.14
12.70
16.69
13.56

15.19
16.33
16.95
15.01
11.66
13.02
16.30
18.34
12.23
18.25
14.24
12.85
16.62
13.49

15.42
16.61
17.28
15.08
11.96
13.60
16.38
18.55
11.92
18.05
14.28
12.94
16.69
13.44

15.68
16.83
17.51
15.28
12.06
14.09
16.58
18.87
11.90
18.30
14.50
13.20
16.83
13.68

563.14
639.60
666.79
574.94
453.18
471.01
601.51
714.31
370.71
674.54
504.80
436.88
605.85
447.48

560.51
635.24
662.75
571.88
448.91
467.42
593.32
709.76
364.45
664.30
506.94
444.61
601.64
437.08

570.54
646.13
673.92
579.07
465.24
490.96
592.96
721.60
343.30
655.22
514.08
452.90
600.84
434.11

584.86
661.42
689.89
592.86
461.90
515.69
601.85
734.04
347.48
669.78
524.90
462.00
612.61
454.18

Services, nee

89

15.73

15.69

14.97

14.94

567.85

571.12

573.35

584.15

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table B-15a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and
guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing.
3
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.




Nov.
1994P

$247.42 $246.45 $255.53 $259.25
269.87 270.19 278.08 281.20
239.46 240.07 254.47 259.31
199.58 198.16 202.46 208.40
257.58 257.72 269.12 270.48
288.70 286.61 296.72 307.20

4

Money payments only; tips, not included.
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are subject to
revision.
5

123

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missiles
and Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing

For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics average
hourly earnings series for production workers in aircraft
manufacturing (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space
vehicles manufacturing (SIC 3761) have been used to escalate
labor costs in contracts between aerospace companies and
their customers. Although the Bureau's series by definition
take account of traditional wage rate changes, they do not
capture "lump-sum payments to workers in lieu of general
wage increases" which were negotiated in aerospace
manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in
late 1983.

Because of special circumstances in the aerospace industry,
BLS has calculated average hourly earnings series for SIC
3721 andSIC3761 which include lump-sum payments. These
series, beginning in October 1983, the effective date of the
first aerospace bargaining agreement using lump-sum
payments, were published in the June 1988 issue of Employment
and Earnings. Current and year earlier data are presented in
table B-15a along with the average hourly earnings series
produced as part of the Current Employment Statistics
program. An explanation of the methodology used to derive
these series appears in the Explanatory Notes of this publication.

B-15a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing
Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)

Aircraft (SIC 3721)
Series

Sept.
1993

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Sept.
1993

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Average hourly earnings,
excluding lump-sum payments

$18.49

$18.64

$19.67

$19.86

$17.71

$17.65

$18.62

$18.62

Average hourly earnings,
including lump-sum payments

19.24

18.84

19.77

19.96

17.74

17.68

18.68

18.68

preliminary.

124




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-16. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

$11.19

$11.26

$11.45

$11.43

$11.49

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

11.75
9.21
9.01
11.17
13.14
11.12
12.13
10.76
15.04
11.90
9.02

11.81
9.17
9.06
11.25
13.19
11.18
12.15
10.80
15.17
11.92
9.08

12.02
9.40
9.26
11.42
13.36
11.29
12.26
10.99
15.56
12.02
9.29

11.98
9.41
9.27
11.41
13.35
11.22
12.26
10.95
15.44
12.06
9.29

12.03

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

10.47
9.78
15.44
8.48
6.95
12.73
11.52
14.08
17.37
10.05
7.42

10.53
9.96
15.82
8.48
6.99
12.74
11.50
14.17
17.51
10.06
7.53

10.70
9.97
17.52
8.70
7.22
13.02
11.68
14.45
17.96
10.07
7.71

10.70
10.01
17.29
8.71
7.19
12.98
11.67
14.45
17.89
10.07
7.76

$10.76

Industry

Manufacturing

1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.




()
0
2

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are
subject to revision.

125

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-17. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Industry

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994 P

Nov.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nov.
1994P

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

$10.94
7.40

$10.96
7.41

$11.21
7.39

$11.26
7.42

$11.24

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

14.47
9.78

14.43
9.75

14.93
9.85

14.86
9.80

$14.91

658.39
445.16

645.02
435.82

677.82
447.11

671.67
442.76

$669.46

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

14.55
9.84

14.47
9.78

14.94
9.85

15.02
9.90

$14.84

571.82
386.63

558.54
377.39

596.11
393.21

593.29
391.09

$571.34

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

11.80
7.98

11.87
8.02

12.14
8.01

12.10
7.98

$12.17

493.24
333.50

498.54
336.85

514.74
339.54

511.83
337.40

$517.23

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

13.66
9.24

13.69
9.25

13.93
9.19

14.04
9.26

$14.05

545.03
368.51

543.49
367.22

558.59
368.46

564.41
372.06

$557.79

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

11.81
7.99

11.80
7.97

12.05
7.95

12.15
8.01

$12.10

452.32
305.83

450.76
304.57

462.72
305.22

470.21
309.96

$464.64

7.36
4.98

7.36
4.97

7.54
4.97

7.57
4.99

$7.56

211.97
143.32

210.50
142.23

217.91
143.74

220.29
145.21

$216.97

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

11.52
7.79

11.57
7.82

11.85
7.82

12.00
7.91

$11.93

411.26
278.07

413.05
279.09

419.49
276.71

434.40
286.35

$422.32

Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

10.87
7.35

10.93
7.39

11.13
7.34

11.22
7.40

$11.22

352.19
238.13

354.13
239.28

360.61
237.87

368.02
242.60

$364.65

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars „

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.

126




0

Oct.
1993

Nov.
1993

$378.52 $378.12 $388.99 $392.97 $388.90
255.93 255.49 256.59 259.04
0

0

NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

$440.58
479.52
547.83

$452.76
498.95
563.32

$459.00
500.98
552.10

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

42.5
42.6
42.6

$10.49
11.39
12.89

$10.78
11.74
13.07

$10.80
11.76
12.96

44.2

12.06

10.65

11.91

545.11

553.80

526.42

460.10

453.53

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

Alabama
Birmingham .
Mobile

42.0
42.1
42.5

42.0
42.5
43.1

Alaska

45.2

52.0

Arizona .

40.9

41.6

41.8

11.04

11.06

10.85

451.54

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

41.8
41.1
41.8
42.4
43.5

42.7
43.0
40.9
43.2
42.5

42.6
42.4
41.0
42.1
43.1

9.51
9.40
9.63
10.17
10.98

9.74
9.59
9.56
10.54
11.46

9.68
9.56
9.63
10.43
11.32

397.52
386.34
402.53
431.21
477.63

415.90
, 412.37
391.00
455.33
487.05

412.37
405.34
394.83
439.10
487.89

California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc.
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

41.1
40.1
41.2
41.8
40.9
41.0
41.1
41.5
40.8
39.4
40.3
40.3
40.8
38.5
39.9
43.3
39.8
41.0

41.7
40.9
41.9
42.0
41.6
42.6
41.4
41.5
41.6
38.9
40.2
39.9
41.6
41.1
40.9
45.4
40.1
40.6

41.7
66.6
41.7
41.9
41.3
42.6
41.4
42.3
41.8
37.9
40.4
39.9
41.6
42.1
40.5
43.5
38.9
42.0

12.42
12.45
10.51
11.61
11.66
14.62
12.29
11.27
12.98
12.74
12.45
13.60
15.01
13.02
13.21
12.14
14.56
11.60

12.53
12.47
10.85
11.69
12.10
15.37
12.39
11.47
13.29
12.96
12.51
13.86
15.24
12.71
13.69
11.95
14.91
12.00

12.52
11.77
10.62
11.66
11.94
15.63
12.49
11.53
13.27
13.15
12.52
13.85
15.28
12.63
13.61
12.21
14.88
11.97

510.46
499.25
433.01
485.30
476.89
599.42
505.12
467.71
529.58
501.96
501.74
548.08
612.41
501.27
527.08
525.66
579.49
475.60

522.50
510.02
454.62
490.98
503.36
654.76
512.95
476.01
552.86
504.14
502.90
553.01
633.98
522.38
559.92
542.53
597.89
487.20

522.08
783.88
442.85
488.55
493.12
665.84
517.09
487.72
554.69
498.39
505.81
552.62
635.65
531.72
551.21
531.14
578.83
502.74

Colorado .
Denver...

41.6
42.4

41.7
42.2

42.1
42.4

12.18
12.99

12.37
12.64

12.47
12.62

506.69
550.78

515.83
533.41

524.99
535.09

Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury

42.3
42.1
44.2
41.8
41.2
43.2
43.4

43.1
42.7
43.0
43.5
42.6
41.8
44.7

42.7
41.2
43.1
42.9
42.2
42.6
44.9

13.11
13.65
12.85
13.96
12.62
12.79
11.71

13.56
13.85
13.25
14.15
12.85
13.22
12.14

13.55
13.55
13.29
14.24
12.76
13.18
12.18

554.55
574.67
567.97
583.53
519.94
552.53
508.21

584.44
591.40
569.75
615.53
547.41
552.60
542.66

578.59
558.26
572.80
610.90
538.47
561.47
546.88

Delaware
Wilmington-Newark ..

43.3
44.6

42.3
44.2

41.4
42.7

13.34
15.64

14.10
17.10

14.22
16.74

577.62
697.54

596.43
755.82

588.71
714.80

District of Columbia:
Washington PMSA ....

40.6

13.06

13.43

13.51

530.24

551.97

552.56

Florida

41.2

9.85

9.93

9.84

405.82

411.10

405.41
442.43
490.33
636.38

41.4

41.2

Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah .

42.5
42.2
46.8

42.5
42.6
47.5

42.5
42.6
47.0

10.13
11.15
13.12

10.38
11.54
13.33

10.41
11.51
13.54

430.53
470.53
614.02

441.15
491.60
633.18

Hawaii
Honolulu ...

40.8
37.9

37.7
37.4

39.0
38.1

11.89
12.61

12.29
12.90

12.11
12.65

485.11
477.92

463.33
482.46

472.29
481.97

Idaho

41.0

39.2

40.5

11.84

11.85

. 11.71

485.44

464.52

474.26

Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island .
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

41.8
43.2
42.4
42.2
41.2
43.1
41.9
41.2
41.7
40.2

41.9
43.5
40.7
42.1
41.0
42.6
42.4
41.1
43.3
40.3

42.1
42.3
41.0
42.3
40.4
42.5
42.0
41.2
43.8
40.8

12.07
16.22
10.56
12.14
13.89
15.33
12.88
14.76
12.80
11.74

12.37
17.32
10.83
12.35
13.80
14.37
13.35
14.93
13.99
11.89

12.37
17.08
10.88
12.33
13.82
14.40
13.44
14.93
14.12
11.88

504.53
700.70
447.74
512.31
572.27
660.72
539.67
608.11
533.76
471.95

518.30
753.42
440.78
519.94
565.80
612.16
566.04
613.62
605.77
479.17

520.78
722.48
446.08
521.56
558.33
612.00
564.48
615.12
618.46
484.70

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson .
Fort Wayne

43.2
40.7
39.9
43.1
42.9

43.6
43.0
40.6
44.8
42.6

43.6
38.4
40.5
42.9
43.3

13.23
11.26
11.32
13.11
13.09

13.73
11.74
11.42
13.18
13.90

13.67
11.12
11.49
13.23
13.77

571.54
458.28
451.67
565.04
561.56

598.63
504.82
463.65
590.46
592.14

596.01
427.01
465.35
567.57
596.24

See footnotes at end of table.




127

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994p

S17.53
14.57
19.25
14.11
15.91
12.75
12.41

5745.61
639.02
865.33
575.87
637.71
517.20
620.25

$796.98
632.64
923.08
612.43
724.76
535.01
564.58

$823.91
635.25
918.23
581.33
723.91
539.33
541.08

12.42
15.28
13.13
13.20
10.37

12.35
15.26
12.95
13.15
10.62

519.44
653.56
560.56
511.11
403.35

537.79
661.62
572.47
563.64
436.58

534.76
645.50
547.79
549.67
468.34

12.08
14.52
14.05

12.24
15.02
14.10

12.27
14.86
14.18

507.36
634.52
581.67

501.84
611.31
572.46

500.62
591.43
572.87

41.9
42.6
43.0

11.55
12.25
13.19

12.16
12.96
14.13

12.05
13.16
13.94

472.40
514.50
547.39

507.07
554.69
600.53

504.90
560.62
599.42

44.3
43.4
44.9
45.2

44.2
44.4
45.3
43.1

12.70
15.11
13.25
13.87

13.16
16.08
13.64
14.03

12.92
15.33
13.25
13.44

549.91
660.31
575.05
588.09

582.99
697.87
612.44
634.16

41.2
43.3
39.2

40.8
41.1
39.9

40.6
41.2
39.1

11.70
9.59
10.63

11.98
9.70
10.88

12.15
9.59
10.96

482.04
415.25
416.70

488.78
398.67
434.11

493.29
395.11
428.54

Maryland
Baltimore PMSA ...

41.5
41.7

41.6
42.2

41.7
42.3

12.96
13.55

13.23
13.96

13.12
13.76

537.84
565.04

550.37
589.11

547.10
582.05

Massachusetts
Boston
Springfield
Worcester

41.1
40.7
42.8
40.6

41.5
41.0
42.9
41.6

41.2
40.7
43.2
41.6

12.46
13.14
12.77
11.49

12.67
13.40
12.56
11.67

12.67
13.48
12.58
11.75

512.11
534.80
546.56
466.49

525.81
549.40
538.82
485.47

522.00
548.64
543.46
488.80

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland .
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

44.0
44.5
45.3
45.0
42.9
44.2
44.2
41.4
42.9

45.9
45.7
47.9
50.6
43.4
44.2
43.3
45.3
46.8

45.6
45.9
47.0
49.5
42.9
44.6
43.8
46.7
46.7

15.52
16.11
16.77
20.65
12.87
11.25
14.68
17.95
17.60

16.36
16.89
17.68
22.35
13.10
11.43
15.08
17.56
17.89

16.18
16.82
17.40
22.37
13.20
11.68
14.74
18.04
17.75

682.88
716.89
759.68
929.25
552.12
497.25
648.86
743.13
755.04

750.92
771.87
846.87
1130.91
568.54
505.21
652.96
795.47
837.25

737.81
772.04
817.80
1107.31
566.28
520.93
645.61
842.47
828.92

Minnesota

41.7
41.0
41.9
39.6

41.6
40.6
42.4
40.9

41.6
42.3
42.2
41.4

12.30
11.40
13.14
10.99

12.49
12.10
13.27
11.57

12.49
12.15
13.29
11.54

512.91
467.40
550.57
435.20

519.58
491.26
562.65
473.21

519.58
513.95
560.84
477.76

Mississippi ..
Jackson

41.5
40.6

42.1
41.8

41.8
40.4

9.21
9.84

9.41
10.08

9.38
10.03

382.22
399.50

396.16
421.34

392.08
405.21

Missouri
Kansas City ..
St. Louis
Springfield ....

42.0
43.0
42.2
40.5

42.8
44.0
43.3
42.0

42.5
43.1
42.7
40.8

11.65
13.62
13.80
9.88

11.86
13.95
13.77
9.96

11.78
13.57
13.85
10.00

489.30
585.66
582.36
400.14

507.61
613.80
596.24
418.32

500.65
584.87
591.40
408.00

Montana .

39.2

40.2

40.7

12.52

13.05

12.51

490.78

524.61

509.16

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

42.2
43.5
43.2

43.4
43.7
42.3

42.9
44.1
42.1

10.51
12.00
11.13

11.07
12.86
11.82

11.11
12.95
11.90

443.52
522.00
480.82

480.44
561.98
499.99

476.62
571.10
500.99

Nevada
Las Vegas

41.0
41.5

40.0
37.6

40.7
38.1

11.69
13.24

12.00
13.51

11.90
13.61

479.29
549.46

480.00
507.98

484.33
518.54

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994"

47.0
43.6
47.7
41.2
45.5
42.3
43.6

$17.18
14.69
18.49
14.08
14.14
12.00
13.31

S17.75
14.51
18.80
14.41
15.79
12.83
12.89

43.3
43.3
43.6
42.7
42.1

43.3
42.3
42.3
41.8
44.1

12.28
15.27
13.54
12.62
9.79

42.0
43.7
41.4

41.0
40.7
40.6

40.8
39.8
40.4

Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville

40.9
42.0
41.5

41.7
42.8
42.5

Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City .

43.3
43.7
43.4
42.4

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Indiana-Continued
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

43.4
43.5
46.8
40.9
45.1
43.1
46.6

44.9
43.6
49.1
42.5
45.9
41.7
43.8

Iowa
Cedar Rapids .
Des Moines ....
Dubuque
Sioux City

42.3
42.8
41.4
40.5
41.2

Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
St. Cloud

See footnotes at end of table.

128




I

571.06
680.65
600.23
579.26

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994 p

S491.73
517.20
582.89
465.12

S501.59
503.79
624.56
468.38

542.93

561.32

563.98

10.13
10.83

401.31
429.53

418.91
440.02

420.40
446.20

485.61
568.26
407.12
631.49
436.57
480.91
455.47
415.38
399.06
426.06
570.96
597.70
550.92
461.36
503.07

505.94
584.98
427.91
698.65
428.04
495.03
451.04
415.04
399.11
455.26
611.40
590.66
573.34
454.78
507.96

502.25
580.43
431.53
681.38
417.20
500.25
452.08
416.10
400.50
455.13
604.26
600.95
567.17
443.56
501.74

|

10.88 !
12.24 |
|

12.28
14.02
10.25
15.70
10.43
11.50
11.19
10.95
10.68
11.21
14.02
14.14
13.19
10.74
12.09 |
|

I
!
I
I
|

10.25 |
10.01
10.89
10.85
11.03

10.28
10.03
10.87
10.83
10.96

I
|
i
j
|

405.66
396.37
436.95
418.48
441.38

426.40
413.41
454.11
447.02
457.75

429.70
410.23
453.28
451.61
455.94

10.36
10.22

10.34 j
10.47 |

409.50
370.67

449.62
434.35

443.59
457.54

j
j
|

14.44
12.43
12.52
13.51
14.35
13.33
16.05
16.03
16.48

14.34 |
12.52
12.54
13.39
14.20
13.28 |
15.85
15.80
16.35 |

609.98
555.50
519.58
557.27
605.86
556.98
671.83
678.26
685.42

636.80
544.43
530.85
602.55
634.27
559.86
741.51
727.76
723.47

630.96
548.38
529.19
589.16
627.64
560.42
732.27
698.36
717.77

43.5
43.7
42.5

11.43 j
12.43 |
12.26 |

11.20
12.32
12.04

11.33 |
12.56 [
11.94 I

473.20
535.73
496.53

486.08
530.99
510.50

492.86
548.87
507.45

40.5
40.9
40.8
41.0
39.2

41.5
42.2
42.3
41.2
38.9

12.05
12.11
11.71
12.38
9.60

12.48
12.45
11.77
12.88
9.83

12.53 |
12.41 |
11.74 j
12.90
10.52

482.00
486.82
473.08
503.87
386.88

505.44
509.21 i
480.22 !
528.08 I
385.34 I

520.00
523.70
496.60
531.48
409.23

42.1
40.9
41.6
45.4
41.0
38.9
41.1
42.0
43.2
42.9
40.6
46.1
41.6
44.2
42.9

42.2
40.6
41.0
45.7
40.8
40.4
41.4
41.8
43.3
43.1
40.4
44.9
42.7
42.9
43.2

12.18
11.67
10.09
12.87
11.54
9.20
12.08
13.43
13.19
12.60
10.71
12.46
10.43
10.60
12.32

12.53
12.04
10.70
13.33
11.80
9.08
12.46
13.74
13.45
13.18
10.94
12.61
10.77
11.01
12.65

12.55
12.04
10.51
13.34
11.92
9.26
12.45
13.76
13.44
13.22
10.83
12.60
10.89
10.89
12.60

506.69
480.80
411.67
564.99
465.06
369.84
498.90
551.97
557.94
524.16
421.97
549.49
417.20
449.44
530.99

Oct.
1993

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994'1

42.4
42.3
42.2
40.8

$11.64
11.53
14.53
11.13

$11.57
12.00 j
13.78
11.40

$11.83 S487.72
11.91 i 471.58
14.80
589.92
11.48
464.12

42.3

42.5

13.02

13.27

13.27

41.5
41.5

42.4
41.2

41.5
41.2

9.67
10.35

9.88
10.68 |

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

40.4
41.6
41.5
42.9
40.2
42.9
40.2
37.9
374
40.5
40.9
42.3
41.8
42.6
40.9

41.1
41.4
42.2
44.5
41.0
43.5
40.2
37.8
37.3
41.2
43.3
42.1
43.7
41.8
41.5

40.9
41.4
42.1
43.4
40.0
43.5
40.4
38.0
37.5
40.6
43.1
42.5
43.0
41.3
41.5

12.02
13.66
9.81
14.72
10.86
11.21
11.33
10.96
10.67
10.52
13.96
14.13
13.18
10.83

12.31

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

41.1
40.2
41.3
40.2
41.6

41.6
41.3
41.7
41.2
41.5

41.8
40.9
41.7
41.7
41.6

9.87
9.86
10.58
10.41
10.61

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead

42.0
39.9

43.4
42.5

42.9
43.7

Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

43.2
43.5
41.7
42.9
43.4
42.1
43.4
44.1
43.0

44.1
43.8
42.4
44.6
44.2
42.0
46.2
45.4
43.9

44.0
43.8
42.2
44.0
44.2
42.2
46.2
44.2
43.9

14.12
12.77
12.46
12.99
13.96
13.23
15.48
15.38
15.94

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

41.4
43.1
40.5

43.4
43.1
42.4

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield ...
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver.
Salem

40.0
40.2
40.4
40.7
40.3
41.6
41.2
40.8
43.9
40.3
40.2
41.3
41.1
42.3
41.6
39.4
44.1
40.0
42.4
43.1

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester ....

41.9
40.9
40.6
41.7

42.5
43.1
42.3
40.8

New Jersey

41.7

New Mexico
Albuquerque

14.13
10,14
15.70
10.44
11.38

11.22
10.98
10.70
11.05
14.12 I
14.03 I
13.12 |

12.30

9.75 |
9.29 j
|
!
|

i

!
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

527.51 ;
492.44 |
445.12 j
605.18 I
483.80 |

353.21
512.11
577.08

581.04
565.42
444.16
581.32
448.03
486.64
542.69

529.61
488.82
430.91
609.64
486.34
374.10
515.43
575.17
581.95
569.78
437.53
565.74
465.00
467.18
544.32

See footnotes at end of table.




129

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994p

$10.56
10.82

$409.76
408.83

$423.33
433.78

$423.46
429.55

10.07

10.08

410.18

419.92

420.34

9.00
9.14
9.57

9.32
9.73
9.96

9.32
9.73
10.08

369.90
366.51
386.63

397.96
409.63
440.23

393.30
403.80
437.61

40.3
40.9
38.5
39.1
40.9
40.7

10.35
9.80
10.26
10.14
10.42
11.30

10.55
10.12
9.90
10.35
11.02
11.54

10.39
10.05
9.85
10.40
10.88
11.21

421.25
392.98
403.22
408.64
428.26
470.08

424.11
414.92
378.18
407.79
454.02
468.52

418.72
411.05
379.23
406.64
444.99
456.25

43.4
43.4
43.5
45.0
41.6

43.1
42.9
43.0
44.4
42.1

11.00
10.74
12.46
13.54
8.59

11.18
11.00
12.48
13.67
8.99

11.21
10.93
12.46
13.62
8.93

475.20
468.26
534.53
599.82
358.20

485.21
477.40
542.88
615.15
373.98

483.15
468.90
535.78
604.73
375.95

40.1
40.8

41.0
42.0

41.2
42.5

11.32
11.43

11.47
11.75

11.36
11.65

453.93
466.34

470.27
493.50

468.03
495.13

40.8
40.0

40.6
39.2

40.2
37.9

11.67
11.50

11.63
11.40

11.52
11.27

476.14
460.00

472.18
446.88

463.10
427.13

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg .
Roanoke

41.3
41.4
43.0
42.3
41.9
41.2
42.0
42.3

42.6
44.5
40.0
43.6
42.7
42.5
43.5
41.9

42.1
41.7
38.3
43.0
57.5
41.2
44.4
42.9

10.85
9.83
9.87
10.68
10.70
12.10
13.81
12.55

11.29
11.05
10.34
11.02
10.93
12.32
14.89
11.58

11.28
9.69
10.39
11.04
11.12
12.25
14.73
12.48

448.11
406.96
424.41
451.76
448.33
498.52
580.02
530.87

480.95
491.73
413.60
480.47
466.71
523.60
647.72
485.20

474.89
404.07
397.94
474.72
639.40
504.70
654.01
535.39

Washington .

40.5

40.8

41.3

13.94

14.26

14.34

564.57

581.81

592.24

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

41.2
48.2
42.5
39.7
39.0

41.5
47.9
42.1
42.8
39.8

41.7
50.3
41 3
41.7
41.9

12.24
14.76
14.56
15.15
13.99

12.60
14.82
14.71
15.26
14.57

12.55
14.91
14.78
15.12
14.76

504.29
711.43
618.80
601.46
545.61

522.90
709.88
619.29
653.13
579.89

523.34
749.97
610.41
630.50
618.44

Wisconsin

42.6
44.0
42.2
42.7
45.3
40.0
40.9
41.5
42.0
41.6
44.7
43.7

43.4
45.0
46.0
42.7
45.4
40.4
42.1
43.8
42.5
40.9
44.2
44.0

42.9
45.1
45.8
42.2
45.9
41.1
42.6
42.5
41.9
41.4
42.9
44.3

12.27
13.16
12.17
12.95
15.92
12.91
10.23
11.68
13.40
12.55
12.22
11.61

12.38
13.58
12.89
13.09
17.03
13.68
9.94
11.76
13.67
12.81
12.32
12.04

12.43
13.50
13.07
13.29
16.50
13.81
10.14
11.69
13.56
12.76
12.45
11.90

522.70
579.04
513.57
552.97
721.18
516.40
418.41
484.72
562.80
522.08
546.23
507.36

537.29
611.10
592.94
558.94
773.16
552.67
418.47
515.09
580.98
523.93
544.54
529.76

533.25
608.85
598.61
560.84
757.35
567.59
431.96
496.83
568.16
528.26
534.11
527.17

Wyoming

40.7

38.9

40.7

11.02

11.91

11.36

448.51

463.30

462.35

Puerto Rico

39.9

40.0

40.1

7.14

7.32

7.32

284.89

292.80

293.53

Virgin Islands

43.9

42.6

43.3

15.18

15.39

15.07

666.40

655.61

652.53

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick

39.4
39.5

41.3
41.0

40.1
39.7

$10.40
10.35

$10.25
10.58

South Carolina

41.6

41.7

41.7

9.86

South Dakota .
Rapid City
Sioux Falls ....

41.1
40.1
40.4

42.7
42.1
44.2

42.2
41.5
43.5

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol .
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

40.7
40.1
39.3
40.3
41.1
41.6

40.2
41.0
38.2
39.4
41.2
40.6

Texas
Dallas

43.2
43.6
42.9
44.3
41.7

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden ..

Vermont

Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio

Burlington .

Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

130




publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1993
benchmarks.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1
(Numbers in thousands)
Census region and
division

1994

1993

Nov. Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar. Apr. May. June

July

Aug. Sept. Oct.

Nov.

NORTHEAST
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

39,599 39,601 39,696 39,697 39,695 39,700 39,704 39,715 39,720 39,732 39,749 39,757 39,768
25,527 25,469 25,464 25,379 25,622 25,410 25,250 25,488 25,708 25,548 25,430 25,408 25,322
23,772 23,734 23,765 23,677 23,794 23,637 23,652 23,848 24,008 23,904 23,859 23,821 23,777
1,755
1,735 1,700 1,702 1,828 1,773 1,598 1,640 1,699 1,645 1,571 1,587 1,545
6.1
6.2
6.4
6.2
6.6
6.3
6.4
6.9
7.0
6.8
6.7
6.7
7.1

New England
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

10,219 10,221 10,221 10,219 10,216 10,216 10,215 10,217 108216 10,217 10,221 10,220 10,223
6,979 6,963 6,977 7,031 7,000 6,909 6,879 6,911 7,004 6,949 6,944 6,920 6,986
6,547 6,541 6,518 6,588 6,592 6,519 6,473 6,509 6,571 6,517 6,569 6,515 6,584
402
405
375
432
406
402
433
390
432
423
459
444
407
5.8
5.4
5.9
6.2
5.9
6.2
5.6
5.8
6.2
6.1
6.6
6.3
5.8

Middle Atlantic
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

29,363 29,366 29,475 29,478 29,479 29,484 29,488 29,498 29,504 29,515 29,528 29,537 29,545
18,548 18,506 18,488 18,347 18,623 18,500 18,371 18,578 18,703 18,599 18,486 18,488 18,335
17,225 17,193 17,247 17,089 17,202 17,117 17,179 17,339 17,437 17,386 17,290 17,306 17,193
1,323 1,313 1,241 1,258 1,421 1,383 1,191 1,239 1,266 1,213 1,196 1,182 1,143
6.2
6.4
6.5
6.5
6.5
6.7
6.8
7.1
7.1
7.5
6.7
6.9
7.6

SOUTH
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

66,989 67,057 68,136 68,206 68,273 68,347 68,420 68,506 68,588 68,674 68,766 68,853 68,936
44,577 44,567 44,907 44,882 44,688 44,983 45,136 44,935 45,094 45,254 45,511 45,735 45,986
41,790 41,907 42,067 42,040 41,854 42,238 42,459 42,289 42,434 42,645 42,904 43,118 43,443
2,787 2,660 2,840 2,842 2,834 2,745 2,677 2,646 2,660 2,609 2,607 2,617 2,544
5.5
5.7
5.8
5.7
5.9
5.9
6.3
6.1
5.9
6.0
6.3
6.3
6.3

South Atlantic
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

35,171 35,212 35,251 35,288 35,322 35,360 35,399 35,445 35,487 35,532 35,580 35,624 35,669
23,081 23,132 23,225 23,281 23,197 23,239 23,298 23,295 23,233 23,353 23,626 23,634 23,878
21,740 21,783 21,750 21,902 21,777 21,847 21,937 22,013 21,941 22,138 22,291 22,359 22,567
1,341
1,350 1,475 1,379 1,420 1,391 1,361 1,283 1,291 1,215 1,334 1,275 1,311
5.5
5.4
5.2
5.6
5.8
5.6
5.8
5.8
6.3
5.9
6.0
5.5
6.1

East South Central
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

12,002 12,015 12,027 12,038 12,047 12,059 12,069 12,083 12,095 12,108 12,123 12,137 12,149
7,495 7,522 7,656 7,599 7,597 7,718 7,819 7,670 7,696 7,741 7,770 7,966 7,886
7,055 7,111 7,178 7,109 7,190 7,294 7,423 7,246 7,269 7,296 7,362 7,511 7,484
402
454
427
445
408
440
423
395
424
411
478
490
407
5.7
5.8
5.1
5.9
5.1
5.6
5.3
5.5
6.2
6.4
5.4
5.5
5.5

West South Central
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

20,806 20,832 20,858 20,881 20,903 20,927 20,951 20,978 21,006 21,033 21,063 21,092 21,118
14,001 13,912 14,027 14,002 13,894 14,027 14,019 13,969 14,165 14,159 14,115 14,135 14,222
12,995 13,013 13,139 13,029 12,887 13,097 13,099 13,030 13,224 13,211 13,251 13,247 13,392
830
887
941
948
1,006
921
939
864
899
888
973 1,007
930
5.8
6.7
6.3
7.2
6.6
6.7
6.6
6.1
6.5
6.3
6.9
6.6
7.2

See footnotes at end of table.




131

HOUSEHOLD DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Census region and
division

1994

1993
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June

July

Aug. Sept.

Oct.

Nov

MIDWEST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

46,317 46,346 46,038 46,054 46,069 46,093 46,116 46,145 46,170 46,202 46,237 46,266 46,295
31,614 31,696 31,710 31,931 31,768 31,764 31,886 31,705 31,590 31,721 31,897 32,113 32,219
29,792 29,880 29,819 30,188 29,929 30,100 30,371 30,273 29,903 30,116 30,307 30,503 30,740
1,479
1,609
1,606
1,590
1,822
1,815
1,664
1,514
1,432
1,687
1,891
1,743
1,838
4.6
5.0
5.1
5.0
5.8
5.7
5.2
4.7
4.5
5.3
6.0
5.5
5.8

East North Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

32,535 32,553 32,570 32,582 32,591 32,608 32,622 32,643 32,660 32,682 32,706 32,726 32,746
21,988 22,118 22,129 22,330 22,236 22,182 22,187 22,049 21,960 21,951 22,160 22,330 22,361
20,621 20,770 20,711 20,995 20,886 20,940 20,992 20,973 20,649 20,743 20,979 21,111 21,288
1,073
1,219
1,208
1,181
1,076
1,311
1,367
1,349
1,243
1,195
1,418
1,335
1,350
4.8
5.5
5.5
5.3
4.9
6.0
6.2
6.1
6.4
5.6
5.4
6.0
6.1

West North Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

13,452 13,459 13,468 13,473 13,478 13,485 13,493 13,502 13,510 13,520 13,531 13,540 13,549
9,626 9,577 9,581
9,737 9,783 9,858
9,601
9,532 9,582 9,698 9,656 9,630 9,771
9,171
9,380 9,300 9,254 9,373 9,328 9,392 9,452
9,111
9,044 9,161
9,108
9,193
406
398
391
409
319
356
377
455
466
488
421
473
408
4.1
4.1
4.0
4.2
3.7
3.9
4.7
4.9
4.4
3.3
4.9
4.3
5.1

WEST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

41,415 41,469 42,083 42,133 42,175 42,222 42,271 42,327 42,381 42,436 42,496 42,553 42,609
27,936 28,037 28,589 28,600 28,515 28,411 28,458 28,071 28,271 28,703 28,610 28,689 28,625
25,848 25,997 26,302 26,433 26,456 26,218 26,390 26,000 26,187 26,545 26,595 26,771 26,715
1,917
1,910
2,016
2,084 2,158
2,059 2,193
2,068 2,071
2,088 2,041
2,287 2,167
6.7
6.7
7.0
7.5
7.4
7.3
7.7
7.3
7.4
8.0
7.6
7.2
7.5

Mountain
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

11,045 11,071 11,096 11,123 11,146 11,170 11,195 11,222 11,251 11,277 11,305 11,333 11,361
7,895
7,472 7,487 7,622 7,794 7,802 7,800 7,767 7,637 7,699 7,932 7,850 7,873
7,055 7,107
7,232 7,394 7,408 7,392 7,348 7,229 7,290 7,476 7,409 7,444 7,480
414
429
442
456
407
417
408
419
409
380
400
395
390
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.8
5.2
5.4
5.3
5.3
5.6
5.1
5.1
5.1
5.1

Pacific
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

30,937 30,963 30,987 31,010 31,029 31,052 31,075 31,105 31,130 31,159 31,191 31,220 31,248
20,464 20,550 20,967 20,806 20,713 20,611 20,691 20,434 20,572 20,771 20,760 20,816 20,730
18,793 18,889 19,070 19,038 19,049 18,826 19,042 18,770 18,897 19,070 19,186 19,327 19,234
1,495
1,489
1,675
1,702
1,574
1,664
1,664
1,785
1,649
1,661
1,897
1,767
1,671
7.2
8.2
7.2
8.7
8.0
8.1
8.1
7.6
8.1
8.5
8.0
9.0
8.2

1
These estimates may differ from the results obtained from summing the
official State estimates produced and published through the Local Area
Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that compose the
various census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic:
New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of
Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia,
and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and

132




Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas;
East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West
North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota,
and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,
New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii,
Oregon, and Washington. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data
for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue
of Employment and Earnings.

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)

1993
State
Oct.p

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

1,997.2

1,999.2
1,847.1

1,995.1
1,847.4

2,010.1
1,846.9

1,987.0
1,848.8

1,979.6
1,851.4

1,974.0
1,859.5

2,008.8

152.2
7.6

152.1
7.6

147.7
7.4

163.2

138.2
7.0

128.2

114.5
5.8

117.7

118.6

2,002.9
1,884.1
118.9

5.9

5.9

5.9

6.3

2,023.6
1,913.0
110.6
5.5

2,038.2

1,891.1

2,007.7
1,889.1

2,024.8

1,845.0

300.7
278.1
22.5
7.5

302.3
279.6
22.7
7.5

302.0
279.3
22.7
7.5

308.0
281.5
26.5
8.6

311.3

309.7
284.2
25.6

309.5

309.9
285.9

308.8

24.1
7.8

24.9
8.1

308.6
284.8
23.8
7.7

309.7

8.3

309.3
283.5
25.8
8.3

22.9
7.4

309.7
286.9
22.8
7.4

1,851.5
1,739.5
112.0
6.1

1,852.7
1,740.9
111.8
6.0

1,858.4
1,746.2

1,929.4
1,833.9
95.5
5.0

1,963.6
1,861.4
102.2
5.2

1,996.2
1,886.7
109.5
5.5

2,006.9
1,894.1
112.8
5.6

2,003.8
1,885.4
118.5

1,986.6
1,860.4
126.2
6.4

1,975.8
1,861.0

2,010.8
1,884.8

114.8
5.8

126.0
6.3

2,030.2
1,896.7
133.5
6.6

2,025.9
1,904.3
121.6
6.0

1,166.8
1,095.9
70.9
6.1

1,168.0
1,097.5
70.5
6.0

1,166.5
1,097.6
69.0
5.9

1,200.3
1,133.2
67.2

1,208.8
1,146.8

1,207.9

1,203.8
1,134.2

1,208.8

1,220.0

1,141.4

61.9

66.5
5.5

69.6
5.8

1,140.3
68.5
5.7

1,154.0
66.0
5.4

1,220.1
1,160.5
59.6
4.9

1,157.7
61.6

15,314.8
13,836.5

15,215.8
13,884.0
1,331.8

15,559.5
14,066.5
1,493.0
9.6

15,513.2
14,224.9

13,931.2

1,288.3
8.3

1,268.6

15,333.6
13,950.2
1,383.4
9.0

15,390.2
14,023.5
1,366.7
8.9

15,462.7
14,172.4
1,290.3

9.7

15,209.0
13,860.6
1,348.4
8.9

1,929.1
1,832.1
97.0
5.0

1,943.7
1,846.7
97.0
5.0

1,963.1
1,868.3
94.8

1,992.4
1,899.2
93.2
4.7

2,030.7
1,936.9
93.8
4.6

2,033.0
1,950.0

2,060.2

83.0

79.4
3.9

1,785.6

1,782.4

1,767.5

1,755.0

1,675.6
106.8
6.0

1,770.5
1,673.4
97.1
5.5

1,764.7

1,676.5
109.1

1,668.1

1,666.6

96.6
5.5

88.4
5.0

384.6
368.2

381.4

380.4

365.1
16.3
4.3

364.7
15.7

4.8

16.4
4.3

Alabama
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

8.1

6.5

1,896.7
128.1

1,928.9
109.2
5.4

Alaska
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

285.7
25.6
8.2

283.8
25.7
8.3

283.9

286.8

Arizona
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

112.2
6.0

5.9

Arkansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1,219.3

1,199.2

1,199.3

5.6

1,136.5
62.7
5.2

1,139.3
60.0
5.0

15,625.6
14,040.7
1,584.9
10.1

15,596.9
14,189.6
1,407.2
9.0

15,547.2

1,968.4
1,858.1
110.3
5.6

1,958.3
1,856.2

1,958.6

1,969.3

1,853.3

1,866.2

102.0
5.2

105.3
5.4

103.1
5.2

1,767.6
1,675.4
92.2
5.2

1,763.2
1,671.5

91.7
5.2

1,676.4
91.1
5.2

387.5
367.2
20.3
5.2

387.9

387.5

369.4

368.9
18.5

300.4
277.7
22.6
7.5

302.4
278.2
24.2
8.0

306.3
280.8
25.5
8.3

302.4
278.2
24.2
8.0

302.4
279.8
22.6
7.5

304.5
283.2
21.3
7.0

6,779.4

6,743.7
6,328.0

6,708.7

6,718.0
6,343.8
374.2
5.6

6,843.1
6,385.7
457.5
6.7

6,828.8

6,295.7
413.0
6.2

5.1

5.1

California1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1,478.3

8.8

14,205.0
1,342.2
8.6

15,199.8
8.3

8.3

15,607.7
14,410.8
1,196.9
7.7

Colorado
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1,954.3

1,968.0

1,858.1
96.2
4.9

1,855.2
112.8
5.7

1,779.2
1,674.4
104.8
5.9

1,796.6
1,716.2
80.4
4.5

1,820.8

1,806.0

1,787.9

1,729.3
91.5
5.0

1,712.7

1,698.1

93.3
5.2

89.8
5.0

376.9

377.8

355.1
22.7
6.0

371.3
351.7

379.6
360.5
19.0
5.0

382.4
362.5

382.2

354.9
22.0
5.8

308.8
283.0
25.7
8.3

308.5

309.8
284.3
25.4
8.2

315.7
281.4
34.3

299.6
270.4
29.2
9.8

303.1

10.9

298.4
270.5
27.9
9.3

6,574.7
6,120.0
454.7
6.9

6,689.1
6,244.6
444.5
6.6

6,741.5
6,277.3

6,798.4

6,692.1

6,286.1

464.2
6.9

512.3
7.5

6,308.7
383.4
5.7

6,761.6
6,266.0
495.6
7.3

6,759.3
6,257.3
502.0
7.4

4.8

4.1

Connecticut
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6.1

Delaware
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

376.6
355.2
21.4
5.7

19.5
5.3

19.9
5.2

361.0
21.2
5.5

18.5
4.8

4.1

District of Columbia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

282.9
25.7
8.3

280.7
22.4
7.4

Florida1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,313.1
466.3

6.9

415.6
6.2

6,384.1
444.7
6.5

See footnotes at end of table.




133

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1993

1994

State
Oct.?

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

3,518.9
3,316.0
202.9
5.8

3,526.2
3,325.2
201.0
5.7

3,531.5
3,332.1
199.4
5.6

3,583.8
3,325.3
258.5
7.2

3,604.0
3,374.5
229.6
6.4

3,593.3
3,373.4
219.9
6.1

3,582.2
3,382.1
200.1
5.6

3,562.5
3,373.8
188.8
5.3

3,616.4
3,424.6
191.8
5.3

3,618.0
3.410.5
207.5
5.7

3,608.5
3,420.1
188.5
5.2

3,623.2
3,426.3
196.8
5.4

3,624.9
3,445.4
179.5
5.0

583.4
560.3
23.1
4.0

583.3
559.6
23.7
4.1

583.3
559.4
24.0
4.1

605.3
577.3
28.0
4.6

597.7
569.0
28.7
4.8

593.7
562.5
31.2
5.3

601.6
568.1
33.5
5.6

599.5
567.4
32.0
5.3

593.7
561.8
31.9
5.4

592.3
557.7
34.6
5.8

591.7
555.5
36.2
6.1

595.1
557.8
37.3
6.3

594.2
558.7
35.5
6.0

551.3
518.3
33.1
6.0

551.8
520.0
31.8
5.8

553.7
521.2
32.4
5.9

580.3
551.3
29.0
5.0

591.5
560.4
31.1
5.3

595.7
564.6
31.1
5.2

596.7
569.0
27.7
4.6

594.4
566.2
28.2
4.7

593.0
562.8
30.2
5.1

591.2
562.1
29.1
4.9

590.0
563.7
26.2
4.4

594.3
564.4
29.9
5.0

596.7
563.9
32.8
5.5

5,963.5
5,518.1
445.4
7.5

5,998.8
5,640.0
358.8
6.0

6,032.9
5,675.2
357.7
5.9

5.998.6
5,600.1
398.5
6.6

6,016.6
5,633.5
383.1
6.4

6,029.7
5,667.2
362.5
6.0

6,075.7
5,740.2
335.5
5.5

6,058.6
5,709.5
349.1
5.8

6,036.0
5,745.2
290.8
4.8

5,975.8
5,601.3
374.4
6.3

5,985.8
5,646.0
339.8
5.7

5,951.9
5,612.0
339.9
5.7

6,050.3
5,672.1
378.3
6.3

2.978.6
2,827.1
151.5
5.1

2,991.6
2,840.6
151.1
5.0

3,001.9
2,849.4
152.5
5.1

2,992.6
2,824.8
167.8
5.6

3,013.3
2,861.2
152.1
5.0

3,007.1
2,853.1
154.0
5.1

2,998.0
2,850.4
147.5
4.9

3,018.7
2,874.4
144.3
4.8

3,003.4
2,862.4
141.0
4.7

2,972.4
2,817.8
154.7
5.2

2,976.4
2.824.9
151.5
5.1

3,041.3
2,892.6
148.7
4.9

3,075.4
2,922.6
152.7
5.0

1,560.2
1,501.5
58.7
3.8

1,558.2
1,500.4
57.8
3.7

1,554.8
1,498.0
56.8
3.7

1,552.1
1,479.8
72.3
4.7

1,565.9
1,500.9
65.0
4.2

1,541.6
1,485.9
55.6
3.6

1.524.5
1,470.0
54.5
3.6

1,549.5
1,493.9
55.5
3.6

1,559.0
1,504.6
54.4
3.5

1,557.8
1.511.6
46.2
3.0

1.559.1
1,508.0
51.0
3.3

1,567.6
1,516.3
51.3
3.3

1,551.5
1,501.0
50.5
3.3

1,321.5
1,254.1
67.4
5.1

1,320.8
1,253.9
66.8
5.1

1,321.8
1,255.8
66.0
5.0

1,335.8
1,249.3
86.4
6.5

1,327.7
1,255.4
72.2
5.4

1,336.9
1.259.3
77.6
5.8

1,347.8
1.267.4
80.4
6.0

1,356.7
1,290.9
65.9
4.9

1,348.3
1,282.4
65.9
4.9

1,344.9
1,274.2
70.7
5.3

1,339.6
1,273.2
66.4
5.0

1,329.6
1,262.8
5.0

1,327.9
1,263.5
64.4
4.8

1,789.3
1,682.3
107.0
6.0

1,788.5
1,682.2
106.3
5.9

1,785.8
1,682.5
103.3
5.8

1,809.2
1,728.0
81.3
4.5

1,814.8
1,715.2
99.6
5.5

1,801.5
1,714.8
4.8

1,792.1
1,704.0
88.1
4.9

1,804.2
1,718.4
85.8
4.8

1,794.4
1,706.5
87.9
4.9

1,813.6
1,718.2
95.4
5.3

1,826.2
1,737.2
89.1
4.9

1,829.7
1,736.8
93.0
5.1

1,842.3
1,748.3
94.0
5.1

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1,871.4
1,731.2
140.2
7.5

1,879.7
1,734.3
145.3
7.7

1,876.8
1,735.9
140.9
7.5

1,924.4
1,761.3
163.2
8.5

1,925.0
1,775.7
149.3
7.8

1,892.5
1,738.6
153.9
8.1

1,917.8
1,757.2
160.6
8.4

1,937.0
1,783.1
153.9
7.9

1,918.1
1,771.8
146.4
7.6

1,950.1
1,799.1
151.1
7.7

1,974.2
1,818.9
155.3
7.9

1,978.4
1,826.1
152.3
7.7

1.970.9
1,806.4
164.5
8.3

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

627.6
575.9
51.6
8.2

626.5
575.1
51.4
8.2

624.4
574.7
49.7
8.0

628.0
568.6
59.4
9.5

632.5
585.5
47.0
7.4

625.1
582.2
42.9
6.9

619.6
579.8
39.8
6.4

611.9
576.6
35.2
5.8

611.8
573.5
38.4
6.3

619.3
575.1
44.2
7.1

617.2
574.2
43.0
7.0

614.5
571.4
43.1
7.0

611.9
567.9
44.0
7.2

Georgia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Hawaii
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Idaho
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Illinois1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Indiana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Iowa
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Kansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Kentucky
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Louisiana

See footnotes at end of table.

134



STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1993

1994

State

Oct.p

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

2,680.8
2,517.2
163.6
6.1

2,680.4
2,518.4
161.9
6.0

2,682.8
2,521.1
161.7
6.0

2,689.9
2,523.7
166.2
6.2

2,698.7
2,535.7
163.0
6.0

2,661.7
2,511.0
150.7
5.7

2,645.0
2,502.7
142.3
5.4

2,658.8
2,514.8
144.0
5.4

2,663.8
2,525.1
138.7
5.2

2,671.1
2,525.5
145.6
5.5

2,682.6
2,540.2
142.3
5.3

2,702.8
2,561.5
141.3
5.2

2,721.4
2,584.8
136.6
5.0

3,191.2
2,976.3
214.9
6.7

3,175.4
2,971.7
203.7
6.4

3,161.7
2,965.8
195.9
6.2

3,172.0
2,943.8
228.2
7.2

3,130.2
2,930.4
199.9
6.4

3,141.6
2,956.6
185.0
5.9

3,127.3
2,937.1
190.2
6.1

3,155.5
2,972.5
183.0
5.8

3,158.3
2,969.2
189.1
6.0

3,218.9
3,027.5
191.4
5.9

3,172.0
2,984.2
187.8
5.9

3,180.7
3,014.2
166.5
5.2

3,183.4
2,978.6
204.9
6.4

4,736.6
4,409.5
327.1
6.9

4,713.9
4,383.2
330.7
7.0

4,748.2
4,399.3
348.9
7.3

4,803.2
4,440.6
362.6
7.5

4,796.0
4,416.3
379.8
7.9

4,752.8
4,445.0
307.7
6.5

4,817.9
4,541.5
276.4
5.7

4,769.1
4,498.7
270.5
5.7

4,735.6
4,480.0
255.6
5.4

4,745.5
4,462.3
283.2
6.0

4,743.6
4,447.0
296.6
6.3

4,810.0
4,544.5
265.5
5.5

4,817.0
4,570.0
247.0
5.1

2,475.9
2,350.6
125.3
5.1

2,483.4
2,361.6
121.8
4.9

2,487.0
2,367.1
119.8
4.8

2,539.6
2,426.3
113.3
4.5

2,582.2
2,475.0
107.3
4.2

2,545.2
2,436.3
108.9
4.3

2,562.9
2,455.3
107.6
4.2

2,594.2
2,504.0
90.3
3.5

2,550.9
2,459.2
91.7
3.6

2,516.1
2,428.9
87.2
3.5

2,547.2
2,455.2
91.9
3.6

2,546.0
2,451.9
94.1
3.7

2,572.8
2,478.9
93.9
3.7

1,222.5
1,145.9
76.7
6.3

1,221.6
1,146.2
75.4
6.2

1,221.9
1,147.6
74.3
6.1

1,226.5
1,141.8
84.7
6.9

1,216.3
1,131.3
85.0
7.0

1,215.2
1,130.9
84.2
6.9

1,229.2
1,140.0
89.2
7.3

1,240.0
1,150.0
90.0
7.3

1,244.3
1,162.8
81.5
6.6

1,248.3
1,165.8
82.5
6.6

1,255.0
1,175.9
79.1
6.3

1,241.0
1,176.2
64.8
5.2

1,254.3
1,178.9
75.4
6.0

2,657.3
2,483.3
173.9
6.5

2,658.4
2,485.2
173.1
6.5

2,660.8
2,488.1
172.7
6.5

2,667.4
2,523.8
143.5
5.4

2,637.8
2,495.1
142.7
5.4

2,643.8
2,488.8
155.0
5.9

2,646.8
2,515.3
131.6
5.0

2,643.9
2,511.0
132.9
5.0

2,658.2
2,536.7
121.5
4.6

2,661.7
2,543.2
118.5
4.5

2,682.7
2,560.4
122.3
4.6

2,702.0
2,585.7
116.3
4.3

2,719.4
2,601.2
118.2
4.3

430.0
404.5
25.5
5.9

425.2
399.8
25.3
6.0

430.1
404.8
25.3
5.9

434.8
410.4
24.4
5.6

433.9
410.6
23.2
5.4

437.2
414.8
22.3
5.1

440.5
417.3
23.2
5.3

438.5
418.0
20.5
4.7

437.1
419.1
18.0
4.1

439.4
419.6
19.9
4.5

440.0
418.9
21.1
4.8

438.0
415.7
22.4
5.1

439.3
417.3
22.1
5.0

859.8
839.0
20.8
2.4

860.6
840.5
20.1
2.3

862.1
841.6
20.4
2.4

890.7
868.5
22.3
2.5

899.2
873.7
25.5
2.8

892.2
863.9
28.3
3.2

881.7
855.3
26.4
3,0

883.6
856.1
27.6
3.1

876.1
848.8
27.3
3.1

874.9
851.8
23.1
2.6

877.4
856.7
20.7
2.4

881.4
857.9
23.5
2.7

877.0
855.4
21.7
2.5

757.2
701.4
55.9
7.4

760.2
704.8
55.3
7.3

764.7
709.0
55.7
7.3

768.1
729.4
38.8
5.0

779.4
741.4
38.0
4.9

780.2
741.1
39.1
5.0

779.2
738.0
41.2
5.3

772.2
730.5
41.7
5.4

775.7
731.0
44.7
5.8

779.1
734.1
45.0
5.8

783.9
735.8
48.2
6.1

788.8
743.2
45.6
5.8

785.6
740.1
45.6
5.8

623.2
583.2
40.0
6.4

622.7
583.8
38.8
6.2

621.5
583.8
37.7
6.1

627.0
596.8
30.2
4.8

618.2
585.0
33.2
5.4

625.7
596.9
28.8
4.6

623.5
594.6
28.9
4.6

617.0
587.4
29.5
4.8

621.8
592.5
29.3
4.7

627.3
596.9
30.4
4.8

630.5
601.2
29.4
4.7

626.2
601.8
24.4
3.9

628.0
602.1
26.0
4.1

Maryland
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Massachusetts1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Michigan1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Minnesota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Mississippi
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Missouri
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Montana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Nebraska
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Nevada
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Hampshire
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




135

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

1993
State
Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

3,992.3
3,723.3
269.0
6.7

4,042.7
3,786.1
256.6
6.3

4,018.9
3,736.6

4,065.7
3,787.7
278.0
6.8

4,029.6
3,735.0
294.7
7.3

4,022.9

3,967.1
3,680.7
286.5
7.2

3,928.2
3,655.9
272.2

4,007.6
3,723.8
283.8

7.1

4,098.9
3,852.5
246.4
6.0

4,098.5

6.9

4,060.5
3,799.2
261.4
6.4

762.2

760.0
702.9

761.5

782.5
736.7

775.2
734.7
40.5
5.2

786.9

781.5
740.5
40.9
5.2

789.2
746.8
42.3
5.4

783.7
741.0
42.6
5.4

784.3

41.0
5.2

785.1
741.8
43.2
5.5

781.1

5.9

780.4
740.2
40.2
5.2

8,686.4
7,986.9
699.5
8.1

8,652.3

8,524.5

8,600.6

8,730.3

8,633.1

8,590.8

7,946.8
705.5
8.2

7,970.2
554.4
6.5

7,999.8

8,035.2
598.0

8,057.9

600.8
7.0

8,110.0
620.3
7.1

8,609.5
8,048.1
561.3
6.5

3,587.4

3,588.8
3,443.5
145.3
4.0

3,560.3
3,429.3
131.1
3.7

3,567.0
3,401.1
166.0
4.7

3,612.7

334.5
322.3
12.2
3.7

334.1
321.4

335.4
322.7
12.7

New Jersey1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

282.3
7.0

3,703.8

319.1
7.9

3,824.3
274.2

6.7

4,106.6
3,830.0
276.5
6.7

New Mexico
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

703.8
58.5
7.7

57.1
7.5

704.8
56.7
7.4

8,624.7

8,605.8

8,597.0

8,621.7

8,578.2

7,954.1
670.6

7,954.7
651.1
7.6

7,943.3
653.7
7.6

8,007.7
614.0

7,906.5
671.7

7.1

7.8

3,553.6
3,409.5
144.1
4.1

3,565.2
3,417.4

3,558.5
3,417.6
140.9
4.0

3,586.8

321.4
307.7
13.7
4.3

321.7
307.7

14.0
4.4

332.5
316.7
15.8
4.7

5.474.7
5,117.6
357.1
6.5

5,511.9

5,550.6
5,202.6
348.0
6.3

1,523.5

1,523.8
1,430.1
93.7

45.8

745.9

741.7
39.4
5.0

741.3
43.0
5.5

New York1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

7.8

6.9

532.9
6.2

North Carolina1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

3,547.6
3,384.1
163.5
4.6

3,401.6
185.2
5.2

3,572.5
3,416.8

3,448.9

186.0
5.1

335.7
324.6
11.2
3.3

334.4
323.5
10.9
3.3

335.0
324.2
10.8
3.2

5,436.7
5,143.0
293.7
5.4

5,519.9
5,217.2
302.7
5.5

5,556.5
5,282.3
274.2
4.9

1,543.7
1,451.2
92.5

1,544.4
1,447.5
96.9
6.3

1,551.7

1,554.1

1,460.7

90.9
5.9

1,466.1
88.0
5.7

1,670.1
1,579.1
91.0
5.4

1,680.4

1,589.8

1,679.1
1,595.5

1,664.5
1,582.1

90.6
5.4

83.6
5.0

82.4
5.0

5,912.5
5,527.9

5,867.2

384.6
6.5

368.6
6.3

5,796.7
5,408.2
388.5
6.7

5,772.3
5,428.0
344.3
6.0

503.0
467.7
35.3
7.0

503.2
465.7
37.5
7.5

501.8
464.8
37.0
7.4

500.5
466.2
34.3
6.9

155.7
4.4

138.5

332.7
317.6
15.1
4.5

332.3
316.4
16.0

331.4
318.7

5,513.2
5,178.0
335.2
6.1

5,609.5
5,315.3
294.2
5.2

5,595.4
5,266.2
329.2
5.9

5,548.1

5,197.4
350.7
6.3

5,598.2
5,234.6
363.6
6.5

5,545.7
5,239.6
306.1
5.5

5,472.4
5,153.0

1,524.7
1,432.4

1,580.6
1,478.9

1,563.0

1,564.7

1,565.5

1,544.3

1,458.1

92.3
6.1

101.7

1,577.0
1,467.9
109.1

6.4

6.9

104.9
6.7

1,461.5
103.2
6.6

1,469.9
95.5
6.1

1,451.7
92.6
6.0

1,613.8
1,505.9

1,608.6
1,493.1

1,642.4

1,652.3

1,547.0

115.5
7.2

1,608.2
1,507.7
100.5
6.3

1,607.4
1,512.8

108.0
6.7

1,604.8
1,490.2
114.6
7.1

94.6

95.3
5.8

1,555.5
96.8

5,889.8
5,513.3
376.5

5,800.2
5,451.2

5,739.6
5,447.7
292.0
5.1

5,913.6
5,511.1
402.5
6.8

5,880.9
5,490.0
390.9
6.6

5,918.0

5,969.5

5,553.1

349.1
6.0

364.9
6.2

5,615.3
354.2
5.9

523.7
468.8

514.9
475.8

510.3

497.3
466.5

498.6

503.8

39.1
7.6

467.8
30.8
6.2

471.0

54.9
10.5

147.8

4.1

3.9

3,638.3
3,452.2

3,623.6
3,443.3
180.3
5.0

3,423.8
188.8
5.2

North Dakota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Ohio

321.4
307.2
14.1
4.4

4.8

12.7
3.8

12.7
3.8

3.8

1

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,153.2
358.7
6.5

319.3
5.8

Oklahoma
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1,429.1

94.3
6.2

6.1

Oregon
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1,602.6
1,493.2

109.4
6.8

1,613.4

1,504.9
108.6
6.7

5.9

5.9

Pennsylvania1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,889.1
5,477.9

5,899.4

411.2
7.0

415.3
7.0

509.7
469.4
40.3
7.9

510.3
469.4
40.9

5,484.1

6.4

5,498.5

Rhode Island
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.

136




8.0

509.8
468.6
41.2
8.1

471.7
38.6
7.6

30.8
6.2

32.8
6.5

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1994

State

Oct.1

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

1,830.2
1,689.2
141.0
7.7

1,828.0
1,687.2
140.8
7.7

1,829.6
1,688.8
140.8
7.7

1,792.2
1,688.9
103.2
5.8

1,830.7
1,712.3
118.5
6.5

1,813.0
1,691.9
121.0
6.7

1,821.5
1,693.9
127.7
7.0

1,821.4
1,705.4
116.0
6.4

1,820.1
1,710.3
109.8
6.0

1,826.4
1,715.5
110.9
6.1

1,835.6
1,726.1
109.5
6.0

1,833.8
1,725.6
108.3
5.9

1,852.2
1,738.4
113.8
6.1

360.6
348.8
11.8
3.3

361.3
349.4
11.9
3.3

361.2
349.1
12.1
3.4

362.3
354.1
8.2
2.3

367.8
357.6
10.3
2.8

369.6
358.5
11.0
3.0

369.2
358.8
10.4
2.8

371.2
360.4
10.7
2.9

371.6
360.2
11.4
3.1

372.9
362.0
10.9
2.9

374.6
363.9
10.7
2.8

373.6
362.0
11.5
3.1

374.3
363.0
11.3
3.0

2,516.5
2,378.5
138.0
5.5

2,516.7
2,380.5
136.1
5.4

2,515.2
2,382.6
132.6
5.3

2,596.2
2,449.7
146.5
5.6

2,597.6
2,445.7
151.8
5.8

2,611.4
2,471.6
139.8
5.4

2,641.3
2,518.1
123.2
4.7

2,643.7
2,526.7
117.1
4.4

2,624.4
2,503.1
121.3
4.6

2,628.3
2,507.9
120.4
4.6

2,623.0
2,500.4
122.6
4.7

2,637.4
2,512.5
124.9
4.7

2,650.3
2,529.7
120.6
4.6

9,339.4
8,665.2
674.2
7.2

9,359.1
8,718.1
641.0
6.8

9,301.4
8,690.7
610.7
6.6

9,314.7
8,759.8
555.0
6.0

9,307.3
8,661.5
645.8
6.9

9,317.2
8,623.4
693.8
7.4

9,354.3
8,761.4
592.9
6.3

9,372.4
8,745.3
627.1
6.7

9,414.5
8,780.6
634.0
6.7

9,500.0
8,853.7
646.3

9,416.5
8,791.0
625.5
6.6

9,334.1
8,751.2
582.9
6.2

9,397.6
8,842.2
555.4
5.9

927.0
893.7
33.2
3.6

930.5
897.9
32.6
3.5

933.2
901.5
31.7
3.4

963.3
932.7
30.5
3.2

972.8
939.7
33.2
3.4

980.4
946.7
33.7
3.4

979.1
944.5
34.6
3.5

984.7
948.1
36.6
3.7

983.3
950.2
33.1
3.4

949.6
37.0
3.8

991.8
956.8
35.0
3.5

951.9
34.9
3.5

989.0
952.1
37.0
3.7

317.8
301.1
16.6
5.2

317.9
301.7
16.2
5.1

317.1
301.1
16.0
5.0

306.9
292.2
14.7
4.8

311.4
295.5
15.9
5.1

317.2
301.8
15.4
4.8

315.6
302.9
12.7
4.0

310.4
296.8
13.6
4.4

309.4
297.0
12.3
4.0

309.2
296.0
13.1
4.2

311.0
296.7
14.2
4.6

312.7
298.3
14.4
4.6

316.0
301.2
14.8
4.7

3,375.4
3,215.2
160.2
4.7

3,383.8
3,223.0
160.8
4.8

3,386.5
3,228.3
158.3
4.7

3,395.7
3,231.1
164.6
4.8

3,390.0
3,216.8
173.2
5.1

3,398.3
3,233.3
165.1
4.9

3,452.3
3,273.5
178.8
5.2

3,448.7
3,264.1
184.6
5.4

3,402.9
3,227.0
175.9
5.2

3,399.8
3,226.8
173.0
5.1

3,421.6
3,250.6
171.1
5.0

3,455.7
3,287.1
168.7
4.9

3,454.2
3,289.1
165.1
4.8

2,711.3
2,511.0
200.3
7.4

2,713.3
2,516.6
196.7
7.3

2,723.6
2,524.8
198.8
7.3

2,800.6
2,647.2
153.4
5.5

2,761.8
2,589.8
172.0
6.2

2,743.1
2,564.7
178.4
6.5

2,711.4
2,548.7
162.7
6.0

2,696.0
2,526.5
169.5
6.3

2,716.7
2,539.3
177.4
6.5

2,708.8
2,545.6
163.2
6.0

2,741.9
2,573.3
168.6
6.1

2,720.9
2,560.7
160.2
5.9

2,711.4
2,553.4
158.0
5.8

794.6
711.6
83.0
10.4

796.1
713.6
82.5
10.4

795.3
714.5
80.8
10.2

772.6
687.8
84.7
11.0

773.4
690.8
82.5
10.7

777.4
698.2
79.3
10.2

770.9
702.6
68.3
8.9

776.5
706.6
69.9
9.0

784.3
709.2
75.1
9.6

786.8
718.2
68.5
8.7

787.8
717.0
70.8
9.0

781.6
720.7
60.9
7.8

781.4
719.9
61.6
7.9

2,729.2
2,603.0
126.2
4.6

2,735.6
2,605.9
129.7
4.7

2,743.2
2,611.0
132.2
4.8

2,799.1
2,672.3
126.8
4.5

2,844.3
2,700.5
143.7
5.1

2,826.7
2,691.1
135.7
4.8

2,802.4
2,669.3
133.0
4.7

2,788.4
2,671.7
116.7
4.2

2,804.6
2,683.7
121.0
4.3

2,809.3
2,683.6
125.7
4.5

2,815.1
2,689.9
125.2
4.4

2,823.2
2,696.0
127.2
4.5

2,805.3
2,682.4
123.0
4.4

240.0
226.9
13.2
5.5

239.9
226.8
13.1
5.4

240.9
227.7
13.2
5.5

252.5
231.9
20.5
8.1

250.7
233.8
16.9
6.7

250.7
234.5
16.2
6.5

249.1
232.5
16.6
6.7

249.7
234.7
15.0
6.0

249.4
234.4
15.0
6.0

249.6
236.4
13.2
5.3

248.7
235.6
13.1
5.3

247.9
236.6
11.3
4.5

247.9
236.0
11.9
4.8

South Carolina
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
South Dakota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Tennessee
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texas1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Utah
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Vermont
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Washington
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
West Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Wisconsin
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Wyoming
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey (CPS). See the
Explanatory Notes And Estimates of Error Section for Region, State, and Area Labor
Force Data.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data, beginning 1994, are not directly




comparable with those for 1993 and prior years as a result of the redesign of the CPS.
In addition, data comparisons are affected by the incorporation of 1990 census-based
population controls (covering the 1990-93 period) and other methodological changes.
For additional information, see "Revisions in State and Area Estimates Effective
January 1994" in the March 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

137

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

Oct.

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

108.7
16.8
7.1
14.7
7.0
3.2

7.5
5.6
6.0
8.3
6.3
6.1

5.3
3.9
4.3
5.9
4.7
4.5

5.3
3.8
4.4
5.9
4.6
4.3

19.0
6.7

21.8
7.5

7.3
5.6

6.1
4.9

7.1
5.4

121.2
63.8
16.1

141.0
69.1
18.2

132.6
66.0
17.4

6.5
5.4
4.7

6.9
5.4
4.9

6.5
5.1
4.7

1,218.5
134.8
94.4
293.4
38.3

61.2
3.2
5.4
11.8
3.0

53.2
3.0
4.2
10.2
2.7

54.0
3.2
4.4
10.2
2.7

5.2
2.6
5.9
4.2
8.1

4.4
2.3
4.5
3.5
7.1

4.4
2.4
4.6
3.5
7.0

15,464.8
274.7
441.1
4,413.0
205.2
1,122.3
1,332.1
1,276.3
703.2
177.2
1,213.5
905.7
843.2
191.5
227.9
251.9
237.1
372.2

15,584.9
273.4
413.4
4,470.0
195.9
1,138.5
1,349.2
1,282.9
711.1
179.0
1,224.1
922.5
852.3
196.1
233.3
244.3
240.7
377.9

1,435.4
43.1
61.0
414.2
30.5
78.1
93.9
140.7
58.1
17.7
102.0
58.1
60.6
15.9
15.2
32.4
19.4
35.8

1,260.9
36.0
50.3
368.0
24.7
73.8
79.6
125.4
50.9
14.6
92.3
53.4
53.5
14.2
13.4
25.9
17.2
33.0

1,156.2
35.8
50.1
349.0
25.2
63.8
68.8
108.4
46.4
14.4
80.3
46.0
46.6
12.7
11.9
25.6
15.7
28.6

9.4
15.8
14.8
9.6
15.5
7.0
7.0
11.1
8.4
9.9
8.3
6.3
7.2
8.1
6.7
13.2
8.2
9.4

8.2
13.1
11.4
8.3
12.0
6.6
6.0
9.8
7.2
8.2
7.6
5.9
6.3
7.4
5.9
10.3
7.2
8.9

7.4
13.1
12.1
7.8
12.9
5.6
5.1
8.5
6.5
8.0
6.6
5.0
5.5
6.5
5.1
10.5
6.5
7.6

1,948.9
152.5
999.1

2,057.1
159.0
1,032.1

2,079.3
160.6
1,050.7

91.5
6.5
42.9

71.2
5.2
33.9

72.3
4.8
33.3

4.7
4.3
4.3

3.5
3.3
3.3

3.5
3.0
3.2

1,781.2
228.4
115.0
623.9
282.3
190.0
119.2

1,748.3
221.1
113.0
618.2
271.1
186.2
116.1

1,747.0
220.6
113.0
620.1
270.7
185.7
115.3

99.9
14.6
5.1
37.6
15.3
7.2
8.0

88.5
12.8
4.1
32.7
14.3
6.9
7.1

80.4
11.5
3.7
29.9
12.9
6.1
6.5

5.6
6.4
4.4
6.0
5.4
3.8
6.7

5.1
5.8
3.7
5.3
5.3
3.7
6.1

4.6
5.2
3.3
4.8
4.8
3.3
5.6

Delaware
Wilmington-Newark .

375.6
280.8

378.4
279.1

379.3
281.7

20.7
15.6

16.3
12.3

15.3
11.4

5.5
5.6

4.3
4.4

4.0
4.0

District of Columbia .
Washington
"...

305.3
2,551.5

300.3
2,585.4

301.3
2,596.8

24.2
110.8

20.9
102.4

19.5
99.0

7.9
4.3

7.0
4.0

6.5
3.8

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater .
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton

6,610.1
183.3
693.9
157.0
98.5
480.9
190.5
203.1
1,018.8
722.9
162.6
234.9
138.1
1,027.5
435.9

6,833.9
188.7
721.1
164.7
101.7
494.1
195.2
209.3
1,057.6
758.9
166.9
241.3
142.0
1,055.6
444.0

6,844.1
188.0
718.4
165.9
101.8
495.1
196.8
209.7
1,059.0
760.6
167.2
240.7
143.3
1,059.1
446.4

434.7
11.3
44.1
8.8
3.6
25.0
17.7
14.4
73.9
41.4
8.1
11.3
5.7
60.7
38.2

469.3
11.8
48.0
9.3
3.7
25.3
19.0
14.2
87.6
44.8
8.2
11.4
5.8
59.0
42.5

415.1
10.4
42.9
8.1
3.4
23.1
15.5
13.0
78.3
39.5
8.2
9.9
5.1
54.3
36.6

6.6
6.2
6.4
5.6
3.7
5.2
9.3
7.1
7.2
5.7
5.0
4.8
4.1
5.9
8.8

6.9
6.3
6.7
5.6
3.6
5.1
9.8
6.8
8.3
5.9
4.9
4.7
4.1
5.6
9.6

6.1
5.5
6.0
4.9
3.3
4.7
7.9
6.2
7.4
5.2
4.9
4.1
3.6
5.1
8.2

Oct.
1993

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

2,003.7
427.1
161.3
244.2
147.1
73.6

2,011.8
433.4
158.7
245.9
149.2
74.7

2,046.9
440.8
161.4
250.8
151.7
75.8

150.4
24.1
9.6
20.4
9.3
4.5

106.0
16.7
6.8
14.5
7.0
3.3

300.1
135.1

311.5
136.7

308.4
138.4

21.9
7.6

Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa .
Tucson

1,870.5
1,185.6
339.3

2,030.2
1,281.3
369.0

2,035.0
1,287.2
370.9

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers .
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,169.2
124.8
91.4
279.2
37.1

1,216.0
133.6
94.6
293.0
38.3

15,329.0
273.2
413.4
4,312.0
197.0
1,121.9
1,334.5
1,263.5
691.4
178.1
1,223.6
918.7
847.6
197.0
226.7
245.4
235.5
380.1

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford-Newark
Waterbury

Alabama
Birmingham ..
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery .
Tuscaloosa...
Alaska
Anchorage.

California1
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc.
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

See footnotes at end of table.

138




Sept.
1994

Oct.
19940

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

183.8
4.0
2.6
87.6
12.2
6.6
8.2
6.8

6.0
9.4
4.3
5.3
7.7
7.4
6.1
6.4

5.3
8.4
4.3
4.9
6.2
6.2
6.1
5.8

5.1
7.5
3.9
4.6
6.0
5.9
5.8
5.4

37.0
21.0

34.7
19.9

3.9
3.2

6.3
4.9

5.9
4.7

26.5
6.8

24.4
6.3

26.5
7.2

4.8
3.8

4.1
3.3

4.5
3.8

6,028.3
77.8
93.7
3,994.6
186.8
59.6
49.9
171.0
184.0
105.7

417.4
3.1
4.9
270.0
9.5
5.7
3.9
10.9
16.2
5.4

299.0
2.4
3.1
196.0
7.8
4.1
3.0
7.6
8.3
4.4

345.6
2.6
3.5
225.9
8.4
4.8
3.8
8.7
9.7
5.0

7.0
4.1
5.1
6.9
5.2
9.6
8.0
6.5
8.9
5.2

5.0
3.1
3.4
5.0
4.2
7.0
6.2
4.5
4.6
4.2

5.7
3.4
3.8
5.7
4.5
8.1
7.6
5.1
5.3
4.8

3,037.8
57.1
94.5
150.5
262.2
295.8
788.1
52.9
91.3
66.5
135.2
71.5

3,073.8
62.9
95.9
151.8
265.6
302.7
794.9
54.4
91.4
67.7
134.9
73.2

136.7
2.0
4.3
6.9
11.2
17.8
29.4
2.3
2.7
3.2
5.4
4.4

132.9
2.0
3.1
6.6
10.2
16.3
30.7
2.9
2.8
3.1
5.4
3.9

136.9
2.0
4.4
7.5
10.4
16.2
30.6
3.5
2.8
3.2
5.2
4.0

4.6
3.3
4.7
4.6
4.4
6.0
3.8
4.4
3.1
4.9
4.1
6.0

4.4
3.6
3.3
4.4
3.9
5.5
3.9
5.5
3.1
4.6
4.0
5.4

4.5
3.1
4.5
5.0
3.9
5.3
3.9
6.5
3.0
4.8
3.8
5.5

1,564.3
105.9
247.5
50.2
64.2
64.3
69.2

1,559.8
105.1
250.5
49.7
64.1
63.7
68.0

1,558.9
105.7
250.1
49.7
65.1
63.8
68.9

48.7
3.1
6.6
1.4
1.5
1.5
3.0

45.7
2.6
6.4
1.2
1.5
1.8
2.6

41.6
2.3
5.4
1.2
1.4
1.5
2.6

3.1
2.9
2.7
2.7
2.3
2.4
4.3

2.9
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.8
3.9

2.7
2.2
2.1
2.5
2.2
2.3
3.7

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,320.8
49.5
89.1
269.0

1,318.5
48.5
88.8
265.9

1,325.9
49.2
88.5
267.1

66.6
2.5
4.3
16.0

63.3
2.4
4.3
14.5

62.5
2.4
4.1
14.2

5.0
5.0
4.8
6.0

4.8
5.0
4.9
5.5

4.7
4.9
4.7
5.3

Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro

1,786.4
237.1
504.9
45.0

1,823.8
238.6
518.3
46.2

1,836.8
242.4
520.4
46.6

99.1
8.5
22.5
2.4

86.8
8.0
21.0
2.1

88.1
8.0
21.8
2.2

5.5
3.6
4.5
5.3

4.8
3.3
4.1
4.6

4.8
3.3
4.2
4.8

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City

1,878.0
55.4
271.2
75.8
153.4
78.8
64.7
585.2
170.4

1,971.0
57.4
284.5
79.0
161.3
82.2
67.5
609.5
180.8

1,972.6
58.1
284.7
79.5
161.2
82.9
67.6
605.5
179.9

129.2
3.5
17.5
4.5
9.9
5.6
4.3
39.2
11.7

147.7
3.9
19.3
4.9
11.6
6.4
4.7
44.8
13.3

151.5
4.5
19.4
5.2
11.8
7.0
5.2
43.8
14.0

6.9
6.4
6.4
6.0
6.5
7.1
6.7
6.7
6.8

7.5
6.8
6.8
6.2
7.2
7.8
6.9
7.4
7.4

7.7
7.7
6.8
6.5
7.3
8.5
7.7
7.2
7.8

625.6
50.5
120.6

611.9
49.3
115.7

609.5
50.1
115.8

43.5
3.5
6.5

34.2
2.9
4.8

36.4
3.1
4.8

7.0
7.0
5.4

5.6
5.9
4.2

6.0
6.1
4.1

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

3,522.2
53.2
65.5
1,802.9
205.1
110.1
141.2
126.2

3,604.2
53.3
61.9
1,867.3
204.5
111.1
142.9
126.2

3,625.8
52.7
65.5
1,885.5
204.7
111.3
143.0
125.5

209.8
5.0
2.8
96.3
15.8
8.2
8.6
8.1

191.5
4.5
2.7
90.9
12.7
6.9
8.7
7.4

Hawaii
Honolulu

580.5
424.5

586.4
424.3

589.4
428.9

22.9
13.4

Idaho
Boise City

551.2
176.0

592.6
189.3

593.3
188.4

Illinois1
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island ..
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

5,939.9
76.0
94.8
3,921.7
181.6
59.5
49.1
168.0
182.0
103.2

5,947.0
76.3
91.0
3,946.7
184.9
58.6
48.8
169.2
181.3
104.4

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

2,976.5
60.9
91.6
151.7
255.5
296.0
765.3
52.2
87.9
65.7
130.8
74.0

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

See footnotes at end of table.




139

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

136.2
72.1

6.1
7.3

5.1
6.2

5.0
5.9

169.6
85.1
7.5
4.1
11.8
9.3
6.6
2.8
17.0
11.3

186.7
93.2
8.1
4.6
12.4
10.3
7.4
3.0
18.5
12.3

6.2
5.5
6.9
6.7
8.5
7.3
8.8
7.6
6.7
6.0

5.4
4.9
6.2
6.0
6.3
6.1
8.1
6.8
6.0
4.6

5.9
5.3
6.7
6.7
6.6
6.7
9.1
7.2
6.5
5.0

306.2
11.3
5.8
142.4
18.6
27.2
5.0
11.8
10.9
12.6

253.0
11.0
4.4
111.7
14.7
21.7
4.3
11.5
9.2
10.9

227.2
9.0
4.1
98.2
13.0
20.0
3.7
10.3
8.3
10.0

6.5
4.0
6.9
6.7
9.4
5.2
6.7
5.2
4.6
6.5

5.3
3.9
5.2
5.2
7.4
4.1
5.7
5.0
3.9
5.5

4.7
3.2
4.9
4.6
6.5
3.7
4.9
4.5
3.5
5.0

2,587.6
119.3
1,583.2
65.7
91.4

112.5
7.9
61.2
2.9
3.8

92.8
6.7
51.0
2.1
3.0

81.8
6.0
44.5
1.9
2.8

4.5
6.7
4.0
4.4
4.4

3.6
5.7
3.3
3.2
3.4

3.2
5.0
2.8
2.9
3.0

1,240.3
216.3

1,249.0
217.1

68.0
8.7

66.2
8.4

65.4
8.1

5.6
4.1

5.3
3.9

5.2
3.7

2,644.3
872.6
1,267.9
150.3

2,686.4
896.2
1,299.6
158.0

2,707.3
903.8
1,311.9
160.5

157.3
46.1
77.6
6.9

105.5
36.7
53.2
4.4

103.0
35.1
54.5
4.4

5.9
5.3
6.1
4.6

3.9
4.1
4.1
2.8

3.8
3.9
4.2
2.7

427.6

435.3

436.6

22.8

17.6

19.4

5.3

4.0

4.4

19.3
2.7
8.7

2.2
2.1
2.5

2.5
2.4
2.7

2.2
2.1
2.5

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Maryland
Baltimore

2,676.2
1,213.4

2,709.8
1,226.7

2,718.5
1,229.3

162.8
88.5

139.2
75.5

Massachusetts 1
Boston
i
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,172.9
1,748.2
120.9
69.1
188.7
153.6
81.6
41.7
291.5
247.1

3,165.0
1,751.3
121.0
67.9
187.9
151.0
81.0
41.3
283.9
243.8

3,170.0
1,758.6
121.7
68.7
188.8
152.7
81.3
41.3
284.5
245.2

196.0
95.4
8.3
4.6
16.0
11.1
7.2
3.2
19.4
14.9

Michigan 1
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland

4,737.1
279.3
83.2
2,123.1
197.9
520.8
74.4
226.6
237.1
194.8

4,797.3
281.1
83.7
2,141.0
198.7
528.9
75.1
229.7
236.6
197.0

4,815.8
282.7
85.0
2,151.2
199.2
533.1
75.6
232.0
238.7
198.9

2,497.3
118.1
1,527.0
65.3
88.0

2,542.9
117.1
1,549.5
64.9
89.4

1,216.5
211.6

Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle-Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-StPaul
Rochester
St. Cloud

Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis LMA
Springfield
Montana

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

860.9
131.6
351.5

873.7
132.2
351.4

875.2
131.7
352.8

19.0
2.7
8.9

21.7
3.2
9.6

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

761.2
547.5
163.3

787.5
571.0
165.8

788.8
573.1
166.6

53.4
40.6
9.7

46.0
35.9
8.1

44.8
33.7
8.4

7.0
7.4
5.9

5.8
6.3
4.9

5.7
5.9
5.0

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester

622.4
95.4
95.2
120.1

618.7
95.0
94.4
117.6

626.9
95.8
96.8
119.2

35.9
5.3
5.7
5.8

21.8
3.6
3.8
3.6

22.5
3.4
3.8
3.7

5.8
5.6
6.0
4.8

3.5
3.8
4.0
3.1

3.6
3.6
3.9
3.1

3,986.1
163.6
652.7
279.6
581.8
484.6
989.3
169.8
62.8

4,085.3
176.2
662.8
287.1
595.0
507.5
1,007.9
170.0
65.2

4,097.9
168.8
668.1
288.5
599.6
500.4
1,015.6
172.6
66.0

252.1
15.1
43.4
23.3
29.0
28.2
66.0
8.7
5.8

260.5
14.4
44.7
25.1
28.8
28.2
65.9
9.4
6.0

256.6
16.4
43.2
24.7
28.7
27.9
64.5
9.0
5.9

6.3
9.2
6.6
8.3
5.0
5.8
6.7
5.1
9.2

6.4
8.2
6.7
8.8
4.8
5.6
6.5
5.5
9.1

6.3
9.7
6.5
8.6
4.8
5.6
6.4
5.2
8.9

766.1
332.5
61.7
74.4

780.3
344.4
62.4
77.5

786.4
348.2
63.0
78.4

55.3
21.5
5.2
2.9

41.1
13.8
4.0
2.7

41.1
14.1
3.8
3.0

7.2
6.5
8.4
3.8

5.3
4.0
6.3
3.5

5.2
4.1
6.0
3.9

New Jersey1
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon..
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
See footnotes at end of table.

140



STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

532.8
18.3
6.7
28.5
6.2
1.9
3.5
67.0
298.9
271.0
7.8
25.2
19.0
7.3

7.5
4.3
6.2
6.0
8.3
4.9
6.3
6.0
9.5
10.3
5.8
4.3
5.4
5.8

6.0
4.3
5.8
5.2
5.9
4.7
5.4
5.5
6.8
7.2
5.0
4.8
4.9
4.5

6.2
4.1
5.4
5.0
5.4
4.5
5.8
5.0
7.7
8.2
4.7
4.4
5.2
5.1

163.9
4.2
28.0
22.6
17.8

169.5
4.6
28.5
23.7
18.2

4.3
3.6
4.2
3.7
3.0

4.5
4.0
4.0
3.7
3.2

4.6
4.2
4.1
3.9
3.3

11.3
1.7
2.4
1.5

9.5
1.4
1.9
1.5

8.6
1.2
1.7
1.3

3.5
3.7
2.7
2.3

2.8
2.9
2.1
2.2

2.6
2.5
1.9
1.9

5,537.3
354.9
200.8
809.9
1,081.7
757.5
468.3
307.8
285.7

329.1
18.0
13.0
42.6
68.3
37.1
22.8
18.5
20.7

270.6
16.0
10.1
35.9
57.3
27.8
19.5
14.6
22.0

247.7
14.6
9.5
33.6
52.5
26.3
18.4
13.4
16.8

6.0
5.2
6.5
5.4
6.4
4.9
4.9
6.1
7.4

4.9
4.5
5.1
4.4
5.3
3.7
4.2
4.8
7.7

4.5
4.1
4.7
4.1
4.9
3.5
3.9
4.3
5.9

1,544.9
27.0
42.7
490.7
376.1

1,559.7
27.4
43.0
497.6
379.9

92.9
1.2
2.9
26.0
22.9

87.1
1.1
2.6
23.1
21.3

84.8
1.1
2.7
22.6
20.2

6.1
4.3
6.8
5.2
6.0

5.6
4.2
6.2
4.7
5.6

5.4
4.1
6.2
4.5
5.3

1,611.9
153.0
81.2
926.7
158.2

1,691.3
158.4
84.7
960.8
163.1

1,675.9
159.4
84.5
958.4
161.2

103.4
10.2
5.6
53.5
9.6

79.6
7.6
4.8
38.6
7.4

76.2
7.3
4.5
36.9
7.2

6.4
6.6
6.9
5.8
6.1

4.7
4.8
5.6
4.0
4.5

4.5
4.6
5.3
3.9
4.5

5,925.7
274.1
63.3
140.3
331.0
107.9
229.3
2,452.7
1,167.8
178.3
345.3
54.5
66.5
56.7
188.7

5,799.0
269.5
63.6
139.3
320.3
104.4
226.6
2,421.2
1,139.3
174.5
337.9
53.7
63.8
55.9
185.9

5,822.0
268.4
63.5
139.3
324.3
104.6
226.7
2,437.2
1,142.7
176.4
339.3
54.0
64.6
56.2
186.5

393.7
18.6
4.5
9.5
16.1
10.7
9.7
155.8
76.0
9.5
25.6
5.0
3.8
4.2
10.2

356.1
16.9
4.1
8.8
14.1
9.4
9.3
151.8
69.1
8.5
22.9
3.6
3.2
4.1
8.2

330.5
15.2
3.8
8.3
13.2
8.6
8.7
141.8
63.9
8.1
21.0
3.3
2.7
3.7
8.0

6.6
6.8
7.0
6.8
4.9
10.0
4.2
6.4
6.5
5.3
7.4
9.2
5.7
7.4
5.4

6.1
6.3
6.4
6.3
4.4
9.0
4.1
6.3
6.1
4.9
6.8
6.8
5.0
7.3
4.4

5.7
5.7
6.0
6.0
4.1
8.2
3.8
5.8
5.6
4.6
6.2
6.1
4.2
6.7
4.3

512.3
587.4

501.7
575.8

502.8
577.9

40.4
47.0

35.5
41.1

34.2
40.1

7.9
8.0

7.1
7.1

6.8
6.9

1,823.8
243.1
249.6
461.6

1,841.0
246.0
252.9
471.2

1,847.6
247.0
254.9
472.9

136.2
16.4
13.9
25.0

111.3
15.3
10.8
21.7

110.4
15.0
10.9
21.0

7.5
6.8
5.6
5.4

6.0
6.2
4.3
4.6

6.0
6.1
4.3
4.4

360.6
42.9
81.8

374.6
43.5
85.1

373.7
43.6
85.0

9.5
1.6
1.7

10.1
1.6
2.1

9.2
1.5
1.7

2.6
3.8
2.0

2.7
3.6
2.5

2.5
3.4
2.0

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Newburgh
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

8,604.7
451.6
126.2
568.3
119.5
42.4
59.4
1,337.4
3,923.3
3,304.1
166.2
559.9
365.3
141.6

8,497.5
450.7
124.6
573.6
115.9
42.2
62.3
1,335.9
3,800.8
3,181.0
169.2
568.5
365.1
142.5

8,583.4
450.9
124.4
569.5
114.8
42.2
60.7
1,331.6
3,906.8
3,291.0
167.2
567.1
367.0
142.3

643.2
19.6
7.8
34.0
9.9
2.1
3.7
80.7
374.4
341.5
9.7
24.3
19.8
8.2

505.9
19.5
7.3
30.0
6.8
2.0
3.4
73.2
259.9
229.0
8.4
27.1
18.0
6.4

North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

3,579.5
105.9
680.4
605.1
560.6

3,639.6
106.4
693.2
611.7
546.9

3,655.5
107.7
697.3
616.0
552.5

152.5
3.9
28.3
22.4
17.1

320.3
46.7
90.1
65.3

336.8
48.8
91.5
68.0

333.8
47.9
91.8
68.7

Ohio1
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

5,462.0
348.5
198.8
794.9
1,074.2
754.2
462.7
305.4
280.8

5,514.4
352.8
199.8
808.6
1,077.4
752.4
465.9
305.7
285.5

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,533.7
27.6
42.3
496.9
380.9

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazelton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1993

Oct.
1994p

See footnotes at end of table.




141

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994?

114.3
9.5
9.9
11.3
22.9
17.7

5.2
4.9
5.2
4.0
5.4
3.9

4.4
4.5
4.8
3.4
4.5
3.0

4.3
4.1
4.4
3.3
4.4
2.9

557.9
2.7
4.1
19.6
16.4
7.8
12.3
2.1
14.4
83.7
25.0
41.2
9.8
120.6
5.4
5.3
7.5
4.7
27.8
8.3
2.2
32.3
2.8
4.5
4.1
2.4
4.8
3.2

529.1
2.7
3.9
18.9
15.3
7.0
12.0
2.4
13.7
78.9
23.9
39.1
8.7
113.2
5.4
5.4
6.9
4.6
25.9
7.6
2.0
31.0
2.6
4.3
4.3
2.4
4.3
3.1

6.9
5.8
4.6
3.9
10.6
7.3
12.6
2.9
8.7
5.9
10.6
5.9
8.2
7.2
5.7
10.0
8.9
4.5
16.7
7.3
5.8
5.4
6.9
8.7
7.2
6.3
5.2
5.6

6.0
4.7
3.8
3.4
8.9
7.3
10.4
3.0
8.4
5.0
9.0
5.1
7.8
6.3
5.0
8.1
7.6
3.9
16.1
7.1
4.4
4.7
6.1
7.9
5.1
5.6
4.8
5.0

5.6
4.5
3.6
3.2
8.3
6.6
10.1
3.3
8.0
4.6
8.6
4.8
7.0
5.8
5.0
8.1
6.9
3.8
14.8
6.4
3.9
4.4
5.7
7.6
5.3
5.6
4.2
4.9

30.4
4.0
18.8

34.4
4.5
21.1

33.6
4.3
21.1

3.3
2.9
3.1

3.5
3.0
3.3

3.4
2.9
3.3

317.9
93.3

13.9
3.4

12.2
2.4

12.5
2.2

4.4
3.7

3.9
2.6

3.9
2.4

3,436.7
71.8
59.6
108.1
715.9
496.4
129.8

3,429.8
71.8
59.4
107.4
714.3
496.5
130.3

151.3
2.5
3.2
4.0
34.8
21.6
5.3

162.8
2.6
4.0
5.1
39.5
23.7
4.7

153.9
2.5
3.6
4.6
36.6
22.2
4.7

4.5
3.5
5.5
3.8
5.1
4.4
4.1

4.7
3.6
6.8
4.7
5.5
4.8
3.6

4.5
3.4
6.1
4.3
5.1
4.5
3.6

2,734.8
1,201.2

2,713.2
1.186.3

2,734.9
1,204.0

189.0
75.5

136.6
56.6

152.5
61.1

6.9
6.3

5.0
4.8

5.6
5.1

791.2
127.1
130.9
74.1
71.2

782.1
126.6
129.2
74.9
71.0

780.9
126.4
129.4
75.3
71.5

77.4
9.5
11.8
5.4
5.8

55.5
6.8
9.1
4.1
4.0

56.1
6.9
8.6
4.2
3.9

9.8
7.4
9.0
7.4
8.2

7.1
5.4
7.1
5.5
5.7

7.2
5.4
6.6
5.5
5.5

2,728.8
206.0
72.6
117.7
74.6
71.2
67.1
238.8
758.2
89.6
57.2
65.7

2,820.1
211.1
74.7
124.6
76.2
72.2
68.5
244.5
774.7
93.2
60.1
68.6

2,798.5
211.4
74.9
123.8
75.6
71.9
69.2
244.5
770.6
91.9
58.7
67.8

108.4
7.0
3.3
4.3
4.4
3.0
2.5
4.5
31.5
4.5
1.8
2.8

110.6
7.0
2.8
4.3
3.8
3.2
2.2
5.0
33.5
4.6
2.0
3.0

105.4
6.8
3.6
4.1
3.4
2.9
2.2
4.7
30.9
4.2
1.7
2.8

4.0
3.4
4.6
3.6
5.9
4.3
3.7
1.9
4.1
5.0
3.1
4.2

3.9
3.3
3.8
3.5
5.0
4.5
3.1
2.1
4.3
5.0
3.3
4.3

3.8
3.2
4.8
3.3
4.5
4.0
3.1
1.9
4.0
4.6
3.0
4.1

241.8
31.0

249.4
30.7

249.0
30.8

11.4
1.7

9.4
1.4

9.9
1.3

4.7
5.6

3.8
4.7

4.0
4.3

Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994^

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol ...
Knoxvilte
Memphis
Nashville

2,559.9
219.4
224.3
331.6
495.0
572.9

2,659.7
227.0
223.8
340.3
512.9
600.2

2,687.4
229.6
224.1
342.3
516.5
607.7

133.1
10.7
11.7
13.4
26.5
22.3

116.7
10.3
10.7
11.6
23.1
17.9

Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

9,335.0
59.6
106.2
563.2
187.5
108.7
120.1
69.9
171.8
1,651.1
283.5
800.4
126.6
1,960.1
105.5
64.6
101.0
119.5
174.9
119.4
50.5
699.1
46.9
57.2
81.9
42.4
98.0
62.9

9,320.7
57.6
107.3
575.8
184.4
106.9
118.3
69.5
171.5
1,684.6
276.8
810.2
125.5
1,930.3
108.5
66.1
99.8
118.8
172.4
117.4
50.6
693.7
46.1
56.7
81.1
41.9
100.4
62.9

9,404.5
58.5
108.7
582.2
185.0
107.3
119.0
72.1
171.6
1,701.9
279.7
815.0
124.3
1,946.1
109.6
66.4
99.8
120.4
174.9
119.0
51.2
704.6
46.1
56.9
81.6
42.5
100.7
63.3

641.8
3.5
4.9
22.2
19.8
8.0
15.1
2.0
14.9
97.2
30.0
47.5
10.4
141.4
6.1
6.5
9.0
5.4
29.2
8.7
2.9
38.0
3.2
5.0
5.9
2.7
5.1
3.5

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen .

935.5
139.1
600.3

995.8
149.0
634.3

994.2
149.0
635.2

Vermont
Burlington .

318.5
92.4

315.5
92.3

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News..
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

3,354.6
71.3
58.3
105.8
682.0
489.8
127.2

Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett .
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland ...
Parkersburg-Marietta .
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah ,
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming.
Casper ..

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey (CPS). See the
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error Section for Region, State, and Area
Labor Force Data.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data, beginning 1994, are not directly
comparable with those for 1993 and prior years as a result of the redesign of the

142



Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1993

Sept.
1994

Oct.
1994P

CPS. In addition, data comparisons are affected by the incorporation of 1990
census-based population controls (covering the 1990-93 period) and other
methodological changes. For additional information, see "Revisions in State and
Area Estimates Effective January 1994" in the March 1994 issue of Employment
and Earnings. Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this
publication.

Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports from
employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from the
Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of the
population 16 years of age and over. The survey is conducted
each month by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the
labor force, the employed, and the unemployed, classified
by such characteristics as age, sex, race, family relationship,
marital status, occupation, and industry attachment. The
survey also provides data on the characteristics and past
work experience of those not in the labor force. The
information is collected by trained interviewers from a
sample of about 60,000 households located in 729 sample
areas. These areas are chosen to represent all counties and
independent cities in the U.S., with coverage in 50 States and
the District of Columbia. The data collected are based on the
activity or status reported for the calendar week including
the 12th of the month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires and telephone interviews
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State
agencies. The Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey
is designed to provide industry information on nonfarm
wage and salary employment, average weekly hours,
average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for
the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The employment, hours, and earnings series are based on payroll reports
from a sample of over 390,000 establishments employing
over 47 million nonfarm wage and salary workers. The data
relate to all workers, full or part time, who receive pay
during the payroll period which includes the 12th of the
month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data complement one
another, each providing significant types of information that
the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics,




for example, are obtained only from the household survey,
whereas detailed industrial classifications are much more
reliably derived from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of variations in definitions and coverage, source of
information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which have a
differential effect on the levels and trends of the two data
series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics
and other private household workers), self-employed persons, and unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more
during the reference week in family-operated enterprises.
Employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and
salary employees on the payrolls of nonfarm establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without
duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons
holding more than one job are counted only once. In the
figures based on establishment reports, persons who worked
in more than one establishment during the reporting period
are counted each time their names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were not
at work during the reference week—that is, were not
working but had jobs from which they were temporarily
absent because of illness, vacation, bad weather, childcare
problems, labor-management disputes, or because they were
taking time off for various other reasons, even if they were
not paid by their employers for the time off. In the figures
based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the
company are included, but those on leave without pay for
the entire payroll period are not.
143

Hours of work
The household survey measures hours worked for all
workers whereas the payroll survey measures hours for private production and nonsupervisory workers paid for by employers. In the household survey, all persons with a job but
not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the
computations of average hours at work. In the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during
the reporting period.
Earnings
The household survey measures the earnings of wage and
salary workers in all occupations and industries in both the
private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings
received from the worker's sole or primary job. Data from
the establishment survey generally refer to average earnings
of production and related workers in mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries.
For a comprehensive discussion of the various earnings
series available from the household and establishment
surveys, see BLS Measures of Compensation, BLS Bulletin
2239 (1986).
COMPARABILITY OF HOUSEHOLD DATA WITH
OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from
the household survey includes all persons who did not have a
job during the reference week, were currently available for a
job, and were looking for work or were waiting to be called
back to a job from which they had been laid off, whether or
not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures
on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the
Employment and Training Administration of the U.S.
Department of Labor, exclude, in addition to otherwise
ineligible persons who do not file claims for benefits,
persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new
workers who have not earned rights to unemployment
insurance, and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems (some workers in agriculture,
domestic services, and religious organizations, and selfemployed and unpaid family workers).
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment
compensation differ from the definition of unemployment
used in the household survey. For example, persons with a
job but not at work and persons working only a few hours
during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment
compensation but are classified as employed rather than
unemployed in the household survey.

144




For an examination of the similarities and differences
between State insured unemployment and total unemployment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the
Monthly Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the U.S. Department
of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the
inclusion of persons under 16 in the National Agricultural
Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual jobholders, who are counted more than once if they work on more
than one farm during the reporting period. There are also
wide differences in sampling techniques and data collecting
and estimating methods, which cannot be readily measured
in terms of their impact on differences in the levels and
trends of the two series.
COMPARABILITY OF PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufacturers and business, Bureau of the
Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ
from employment counts derived by the Bureau of the
Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons for
noncomparability are different treatment of business units
considered parts of an establishment, such as central
administrative offices and auxiliary units; the industrial
classification of establishments; and different reporting
patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences
in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., the Census of
Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and
financial establishments, whereas these are included in the
BLS statistics.
County Business Patterns, Bureau of the Census. Data in
County Business Patterns (CBP) differ from BLS establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because
of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and most of government, and coverage is incomplete for some of the nonprofit
agencies.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance
programs. Most nonfarm wage and salary workers are
covered by the unemployment insurance programs. However, some employees, such as those working in parochial
schools and churches, are not covered by unemployment
insurance, whereas they are included in the BLS establishment statistics.

Household Data
("A" tables, monthly; "D" tables, quarterly)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population and
related data are compiled by BLS using data from the
Current Population Survey (CPS). This monthly survey of
households is conducted for BLS by the Bureau of the
Census through a scientifically selected sample designed to
represent the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents are interviewed to obtain information about the
employment status of each member of the household 16
years of age and over. The inquiry relates to activity or status
during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which
includes the 12th day of the month. This is known as the
"reference week." Actual field interviewing is conducted in
the following week, referred to as the "survey week."
Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for
interview. Some 2,600 of these households are contacted but
interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not at
home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other
reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey
that ranges between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the
60,000 occupied units, there are 11,500 sample units in an
average month which are visited but found to be vacant or
otherwise not eligible for enumeration. Part of the sample is
changed each month. The rotation plan, as explained later,
provides for three-fourths of the sample to be common from
one month to the next, and one-half to be common with the
same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data
have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the
inception of the survey in 1940; those in use as of January
1994 are as follows:
Civilian noninstitutional population. Included are persons
16 years of age and older residing in the 50 States and the
District of Columbia who are not inmates of institutions
(e.g., penal and mental facilities, homes for the aged), and
who are not on active duty in the Armed Forces.
Employed persons. All persons who, during the reference
week, (a) did any work at all (at least 1 hour) as paid
employees in their own business, profession, or on their own
farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in
an enterprise operated by a member of the family, and (b) all
those who were not working but who had jobs or businesses
from which they were temporarily absent because of
vacation, illness, bad weather, childcare problems, maternity or paternity leave, labor-management dispute, job




training, or other family or personal reasons, whether or not
they were paid for the time off or were seeking other jobs.
Each employed person is counted only once, even if he or
she holds more than one job. For purposes of occupation and
industry classification, multiple jobholders are counted in
the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours
during the reference week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign
countries who are temporarily in the United States but not
living on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons
whose only activity consisted of work around their own
house (painting, repairing, or own home housework)
or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and other
organizations.
Unemployed persons. All persons who had no employment
during the reference week, were available for work, except
for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find
employment some time during the 4-week period ending
with the reference week. Persons who were waiting to be
recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not
have been looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment. This represents the length of
time (through the current reference week) that persons classified as unemployed had been looking for work. For persons
on layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number
of full weeks they had been on layoff. Mean duration is the
arithmetic average computed from single weeks of unemployment; median duration is the midpoint of a distribution
of weeks of unemployment.
Reason for unemployment. Unemployment is also categorized according to the status of individuals at the time they
began to look for work. The reasons for unemployment are
divided into five major groups: (1) Job losers, comprised of
(a) persons on temporary layoff, who have been given a date
to return to work or who expect to return within 6 months
(persons on layoff need not be looking for work to qualify as
unemployed), and (b) permanent job losers, whose employment ended involuntarily and who began looking for work;
(2) Job leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated
their employment voluntarily and immediately began
looking for work; (3) Persons who completed temporary
jobs, who began looking for work after the jobs ended; (4)
Reentrants are persons who previously worked but were out
of the labor force prior to beginning their job search; (5) New
entrants are persons who never worked. Each of these five
categories of the unemployed can be expressed as a
proportion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the
four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian
workers. (For statistical presentation purposes, "job losers"
145

and "persons who completed temporary jobs" are combined
into a single category until seasonal adjustments can be
developed for the separate categories.)
Jobseekers. All unemployed persons who made specific
efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week period
preceding the survey week are classified as jobseekers.
Jobseekers do not include persons classified as on temporary
layoff, who although often looking for work, are not required
to do so to be classified as unemployed. Jobseekers are
grouped by the methods used to seek work. Only active
methods—which have the potential to result in a job offer
without further action on the part of the jobseeker—qualify
as job search. Examples include going to an employer
directly or to a public or private employment agency,
seeking assistance from friends or relatives, placing or
answering ads, or using some other active method. Examples of the "other" category include being on a union or
professional register, obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup
point. Passive methods, which do not qualify as job search,
include reading (as opposed to answering or placing) "help
wanted" ads and taking a job training course.
Labor force. This group comprises all persons classified as
employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria
described above.
Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate represents the
number unemployed as a percent of the labor force.
Participation rate. This represents the proportion of the
population that is in the labor force.
Employment-population ratio. This represents the proportion of the population that is employed.
Not in the labor force. Included in this group are all persons
in the civilian noninstitutional population who are neither
employed nor unemployed. Information is collected on their
desire for and availability to take a job at the time of the CPS
interview, job search activity in the prior year, and reason for
not looking in the 4-week period prior to the survey week.
This group includes discouraged workers, defined as
persons not in the labor force who want and are available for
a job and who have looked for work sometime in the past 12
months (or since the end of their last job if they held one
within the past 12 months), but are not currently looking,
because they believe there are no jobs available or there are
none for which they would qualify.
Persons classified as not in the labor force who are in the
sample for either their fourth or eighth month are asked
additional questions relating to job history and workseeking
intentions. These latter data are available on a quarterly
basis.
146



Occupation, industry, and class of worker. This information
for the employed applies to the job held in the reference
week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in the job
at which they worked the greatest number of hours. The
unemployed are classified according to their last job. The
occupational and industrial classification of CPS data is
based on the coding systems used in the 1990 census.
The class-of-worker breakdown assigns workers to the
following categories: Private and government wage and
salary workers, self-employed workers, and unpaid family
workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages, salary,
commissions, tips, or pay in kind from a private employer or
from a government unit. Self-employed persons are those
who work for profit or fees in their own business, profession,
trade, or farm. Only the unincorporated self-employed are
included in the self-employed category in the class of worker
typology. Self-employed persons who respond that their
businesses are incorporated are included among wage and
salary workers, because technically, they are paid employees of a corporation. Unpaid family workers are persons
working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm
or in a business operated by a member of the household to
whom they are related by birth or marriage.
Multiple jobholders. These are employed persons who,
during the reference week, had either two or more jobs as a
wage and salary worker, were self-employed and also held a
wage and salary job, or worked as an unpaid family worker
and also held a wage and salary job. A person employed Only
in private households (cleaner, gardener, babysitter, etc.)
who worked for two or more employers during the reference
week is not counted as a multiple jobholder, since working
for several employers is considered an inherent characteristic of private household work. Also excluded are
self-employed persons with multiple businesses and persons
with multiple jobs as unpaid family workers.
Hours of work. These statistics relate to the actual number of
hours worked during the reference week. For example,
persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were off on
the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32
hours, even though they were paid for the holiday. For
persons working in more than one job, the published figures
relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs during the
week; all the hours are credited to the major job. Unpublished data are available for the hours worked in each job and
for usual hours.
At work part time for economic reasons. Sometimes referred
to as involuntary part time, this category refers to individuals
who gave an economic reason for working 1 to 34 hours
during the reference week. Economic reasons include slack
work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find
full-time work, and seasonal declines in demand. Those who
usually work part time must also indicate that they want and
are available to work full time to be classified as on part time
for economic reasons.

At work part time for noneconomic reasons. This group
includes those persons who usually work part time and were
at work 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for a
noneconomic reason. Noneconomic reasons include, for
example: Illness or other medical limitations, child-care
problems or other family or personal obligations, school or
training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings,
and being in a job where full-time work is less than 35 hours.
The group also includes those who gave an economic reason
for usually working 1 to 34 hours but said they do not want to
work full time or were unavailable for such work.
Usual full- or part-time status. Data on persons "at work"
exclude persons who were temporarily absent from a job and
therefore classified in the zero-hours-worked category,
"with a job but not at work." These are persons who were
absent from their jobs for the entire week for such reasons as
bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor
dispute. In order to differentiate a person's normal schedule
from their activity during the reference week, persons are
also classified according to their usual full- or part-time
status. In this context, full-time workers are those who
usually worked 35 hours or more (at all jobs combined). This
group will include some individuals who worked less than
35 hours in the reference week for either economic or
noneconomic reasons and those who are temporarily absent
from work. Similarly, part-time workers are those who
usually work less than 35 hours per week (at all jobs),
regardless of the number of hours worked in the reference
week. This may include some individuals who actually
worked more than 34 hours in the reference week, as well as
those who are temporarily absent from work. The full-time
labor force includes all employed persons who usually work
full time and unemployed persons who are either looking for
full-time work or are on layoff from full-time jobs. The
part-time labor force consists of employed persons who
usually work part time and unemployed persons who are
seeking or are on layoff from part-time jobs. Unemployment
rates for full- and part-time workers are calculated using the
concepts of the full- and part-time labor force.

White, black, and other. These are terms used to describe the
race of persons. Included in the "other" group are American
Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders.
Because of the relatively small sample size, data for "other"
races are not published. In the enumeration process, race is
determined by the household respondent.
Hispanic origin. This refers to persons who identified
themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto
Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or of other
Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin may
be of any race; thus they are included in both the white and
black population groups.




Vietnam-era veterans. These are persons who served in the
Armed Forces of the United States between August 5,1964,
and May 7, 1975. Published data are limited to men in the
civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are persons
who never served in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings. Data represent earnings before taxes
and other deductions, and include any overtime pay,
commissions, or tips usually received (at the main job in the
case of multiple jobholders.) Earnings reported on a basis
other than weekly (e.g., annual, monthly, hourly) are
converted to weekly. The term "usual" is as perceived by the
respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual,
interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than
half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. Data
refer to wage and salary workers (excluding self-employed
persons who respond that their businesses were incorporated) who usually work full time on their sole or primary
job.
Median earnings. These figures indicate the value which
divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one
part having values above the median and the other having
values below the median. The medians as shown in this
publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the $50
centered interval within which each median falls. Data
expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer
Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status. These are the terms used to define the marital
status of individuals at the time of interview. Married,
spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were
living in the same household, even though one may be
temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a
hospital, etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are
married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married,
spouse absent relates to persons who are separated due to
marital problems, as well as husbands and wives who are
living apart because one or the other was employed
elsewhere, on duty with the Armed Forces, or any other
reasons.
Household. A household consists of all persons—related
family members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a
housing unit and have no other usual address. A house, an
apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room is regarded as
a housing unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as
separate living quarters. A householder is the person (or one
of the persons) in whose name the housing unit is owned or
rented. The term is never applied to either husbands or wives
in married-couple families but relates only to persons in
families maintained by either men or women without a
spouse.
147

Family. A family is defined as a group of two or more
persons residing together who are related by birth, marriage,
or adoption; all such persons are considered as members of
one family. Families are classified either as married-couple
families or as families maintained by women or men without
spouses. A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in
which the householder is either single, widowed, divorced,
or married, spouse absent. Data on the earnings of families
exclude all those in which there is no wage or salary earner or
in which the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the
family is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Changes in concepts and methods
While current survey concepts and methods are very
similar to those introduced at the inception of the survey in
1940, a number of changes have been made over the years to
improve the accuracy and usefulness of the data. Some of the
most important changes include:

• In 1945, the questionnaire was radically changed with
the introduction of four basic employment questions. Prior
to that time, the survey did not contain specific question
wording, but rather relied on a complicated scheme of
activity prioritization.
• In 1953, the current 4-8-4 rotation system was adopted,
whereby households are interviewed for 4 consecutive
months, leave the sample for 8 months, and then return to the
sample for the same 4 months of the following year. Before
this system was introduced, households were interviewed
for 6 consecutive months and then replaced. The new system
provided some year-to-year overlap in the sample, thereby
improving measurement over time.
• In 1955, the survey reference week was changed to the
calendar week including the 12th day of the month, for
greater consistency with the reference period used for other
labor-related statistics. Previously, the calendar week containing the 8th day of the month had been used as the
reference week.
• In 1957, the employment definition was modified
slightly as a result of a comprehensive interagency review of
labor force concepts and methods. Two relatively small
groups of persons classified as employed, under "with a job
but not at work," were assigned to different classifications.
Persons on layoff with definite instructions to return to work
within 30 days of the layoff date, and persons volunteering
that they were waiting to start a new wage and salary job
within 30 days of interview, were, for the most part,
reassigned to the unemployed classification. The only
exception was the small subgroup in school during the
148



reference week but waiting to start new jobs, which was
transferred to not in the labor force.
• In 1967, more substantive changes were made as a result
of the recommendations of the President's Committee to
Appraise Employment and Unemployment Statistics (the
Gordon Committee). The principal improvements were as
follows:
a) A 4-week job-search period and specific questions on
jobseeking activity were introduced. Previously, the questionnaire was ambiguous as to the time period for jobseeking
and there were no specific questions concerning job-search
methods.
b) An availability test was introduced whereby a person
must be currently available for work in order to be classified
as unemployed. Previously, there was no such requirement.
This revision to the concept mainly affected students, who,
for example, may begin to look for summer jobs in the spring
although they will not be available until June or July. Such
persons, until 1967, had been classified as unemployed but
since have been assigned to the "not in the labor force"
category.
c) Persons "with a job but not at work" because of strikes,
bad weather, etc., who volunteered that they were looking
for work, were shifted from unemployed status to employed.
d) The lower age limit for official statistics on employment, unemployment, and other labor force concepts was
raised from 14 to 16 years. Historical data for most major
series have been revised to provide consistent information
based on the new minimum age limit.
e) New questions were added to obtain additional information on persons not in the labor force, including those
referred to as "discouraged workers," defined as persons
who indicate that they want a job but are not currently
looking because they believe there are no jobs available or
none for which they would qualify.
f) New "probing" questions were added to the questionnaire in order to increase the reliability of information on
hours of work, duration of unemployment, and self-employment.
• In 1994, major changes to the Current Population
Survey (CPS) were introduced, which included a complete
redesign of the questionnaire and the use of computer-assisted interviewing for the entire survey. In addition, there
were revisions to some of the labor force concepts and
definitions, including the implementation of some changes
recommended in 1979 by the National Commission on
Employment and Unemployment Statistics (NCEUS, also
known as the Levitan Commission.) Some of the major
changes to the survey were:

a) The introduction of a redesigned and automated
questionnaire. The CPS questionnaire was totally redesigned in order to obtain more accurate, comprehensive, and
relevant information, and to take advantage of state-of-theart computer interviewing techniques.
b) The addition of two, more objective, criteria to the
definition of discouraged workers. Prior to 1994, to be
classified as a discouraged worker, a person must have
wanted a job and be reported as not currently looking
because of a belief that no jobs were available or that there
were none for which he or she would qualify. Beginning in
1994, persons classified as discouraged must also have
looked for a job within the past year (or since their last job, if
they worked during the year), and must have been available
for work during the reference week (a direct question on
availability was added in 1994; prior to 1994, availability
had been inferred from responses to other questions.) These
changes were made because the NCEUS and others felt that
the previous definition of discouraged workers was too
subjective, relying mainly on an individual's stated desire
for a job and not on prior testing of the labor market.
c) Similarly, the identification of persons employed part
time for economic reasons (working less than 35 hours in the
reference week because of poor business conditions or
because of an inability to find full-time work) was tightened
by adding two new criteria for persons who usually work part
time: They must want and be available for full-time work.
Previously, such information was inferred. (Persons who
usually work full time but worked part time for an economic
reason during the reference week are assumed to meet these
criteria.)
d) Specific questions were added about the expectation of
recall for persons who indicate that they are on layoff. To be
classified as "on temporary layoff," persons must expect to
be recalled to their jobs. Previously, the questionnaire did
not include explicit questions about the expectation of
recall.
e) Persons volunteering that they were waiting to start a
new job within 30 days must have looked for work in the 4
weeks prior to the survey in order to be classified as
unemployed. Previously, such persons did not have to meet
the job-search requirement in order to be included among
the unemployed.
For additional information on changes in CPS concepts
and methods, see Concepts and Methods Used in Labor
Force Statistics Derived from the Current Population
Survey, BLS Report 463, October 1976 and "Overhauling
the Current Population Survey—Why is it Necessary to
Change?," "Redesigning the Questionnaire," and "Evaluating Changes in the Estimates," Monthly Labor Review,
September 1993, and "Revisions in the Current Population




Survey Effective January 1994," in the February 1994 issue
of this publication.
Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the refinements in concepts, definitions, and
methods made over the years, other changes have also
affected the comparability of the labor force data.
• Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from
the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population
levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total
employment, and agricultural employment were increased
by about 350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals
and men; other categories were relatively unaffected.
• Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii
resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population
and about 300,000 in the labor force. Four-fifths of this
increase was in nonagricultural employment; other labor
force categories were not appreciably affected.
• Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the
1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and
labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually unchanged.
• Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census
was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing
the population by about 800,000; labor force and employment totals were raised by a little more than 300,000;
unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged.
• In March 1973, a subsequent population adjustment
based on the 1970 census was introduced. This adjustment,
which affected the white and black-and-other groups but had
little effect on totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly
300,000 in the white population and an increase of the same
magnitude in the black-and-other population. Civilian labor
force and total employment figures were affected to a lesser
degree; the white labor force was reduced by 150,000, and
the black-and-other labor force rose by about 210,000.
Unemployment levels and rates were not significantly
affected.
• Beginning in January 1974, the method used to prepare
independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to an "inflation-deflation" approach.
This change in the derivation of the estimates had its greatest
impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year old men—particularly
those of the black-and-other population—but had little
effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and over.
Additional information on the adjustment procedure appears
in "CPS Population Controls Derived from Inflation-Deflation Method of Estimation," in the February 1974 issue of
this publication.
• Effective in July 1975, as a result of the large inflow of
Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and
149

black-and-other independent population controls for persons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by
76,000—(30,000 men and 46,000 women.) The addition of
the refugees increased the black-and-other population by
less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, with all of the
changes being confined to the "other" component of the
population.
• Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an
expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation
procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the
civilian labor force and employment totals; unemployment
levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation
of the procedural changes and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
in January 1978" in the February 1978 issue of this
publication.
• Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual
was determined by the household respondent for the
incoming rotation group households, rather than by the
interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to
provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race.
Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample households
had race determined by the household respondent and
seven-eighths of the sample households had race determined
by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980
that the entire sample had race determined by the household
respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on
the estimates.
• Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio adjustment method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure.
Differences between the old and new procedures existed
only for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates,
not for the total United States. The reasoning behind the
change and an indication of the differences appear in
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January
1979" in the February 1979 issue of this publication.
• Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio
adjustment method was changed. The purpose of the change
and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the
February 1982 issue of this publication. In addition, current
population estimates used in the second-stage estimation
procedure were derived from information obtained from the
1980 census, rather than the 1970 census. This change
caused substantial increases in the total population and in the
estimates of persons in all labor force categories. Rates for
labor force characteristics, however, remained virtually
unchanged. Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted
back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment
procedure used is also described in the February 1982 article
cited above. The revisions did not, however, smooth out the
breaks in series occurring between 1972 and 1979 (de150



scribed above), and data users should consider them when
comparing estimates from different periods.
• Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment method was updated to incorporate data from the 1980
census. The purpose of the change and an indication of its
effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics
appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of
this publication. There were only slight differences between
the old and new procedures in estimates of levels for the
various labor force characteristics and virtually no differences in estimates of participation rates.
• Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the CPS
estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the
first-and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite
estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in
the Estimating Methods section. A description of the
changes and an indication of their effect on national
estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Changes
in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population
Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the February 1985
issue of this publication. Overall, the revisions had only a
slight effect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on
estimates of persons of Hispanic origin. Major estimates
were revised back to January 1980.
• Beginning in January 1986, the population controls
used in the second-stage ratio adjustment method were
revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of
undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980
and an improved estimate of the number of emigrants among
legal foreign-born residents for the same time period. As a
result, the total civilian population and labor force estimates
were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian employment was
increased by about 350,000. The Hispanic-origin population
and labor force estimates were raised by about 425,000 and
305,000, respectively, and Hispanic employment by
270,000. Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and
rates were not significantly affected. Because of the
magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data were
revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An
explanation of the changes and their effect on estimates of
labor force characteristics appear in "Changes in the
Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of
this publication.
• Beginning in August 1989, the second-stage ratio
estimate cells were changed slightly to decrease the chance
of very small cells occurring and to be more consistent with
published age, sex, race cells. This change had virtually no
effect on national estimates.
• Beginning in January 1994, population estimates used
in the second-stage estimation procedure were based on

information obtained from the 1990 census (adjusted for the
undercount as measured by the Census Bureau's Post
Enumeration Survey). This change resulted in substantial
increases in total population and in all major labor force
categories. Under the new population controls, the civilian
noninstitutional population increased by about 1.3 million,
with much of the increase occurring among Hispanics.
Estimates of employment were raised by about 950,000, and
unemployment by approximately 200,000. In addition, the
overall unemployment rate rose by about 0.1 percentage
point, largely reflecting the increase in the Hispanic share of
the population, which has a higher-than-average incidence
of unemployment. For further information, see "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994,"
in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
Additionally, for the period January through May 1994,
the composite estimation procedure was suspended due to
technical and logistical reasons.
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational
employment data was affected as a result of changes in the
occupational classification system for the 1970 census that
were introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further
affected in December 1971, when a question relating to
major activity or duties was added to the monthly CPS
questionnaire in order to determine more precisely the
occupational classification of individuals. As a result of
these changes, meaningful comparisons of occupational
employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and
prior years nor between those 2 years. Unemployment rates
were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of
the changes in the occupational classification system, see
"Revisions in Occupational Classifications for 1971" and
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey" in the
February 1971 and February 1972 issues, respectively, of
this publication.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census were
introduced into the CPS. The 1980 census occupational classification system evolved from the Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system and was so radically different
in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that
comparisons of historical data are not possible without major adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales
occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category
"sales workers." Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in
retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980
census was based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, as modified in 1977. The adoption of the
new system had much less of an adverse effect on historical
comparability than did the new occupational system. The




most notable changes from the 1970 system were the
transfer of farm equipment stores from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal service from "public administration" to
"transportation," and some interchange between "professional and related services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational and
industrial classification systems appears in "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in
the February 1983 issue of this publication.
Beginning in January 1992, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1990 census were
introduced into the CPS. (These systems were largely based
on the 1980 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)
and 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) systems,
respectively.) There were a few breaks in comparability
between the 1980 and 1990 census-based systems, particularly within the "technical, sales, and administrative support" categories. The most notable changes in industry
classification were the shift of several industries from
"business services" to "professional services" and the
splitting of some industries into smaller, more detailed
categories. A number of industry titles were changed as well,
with no change in content.
Sampling
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various
changes in the design of the CPS sample. The sample is
traditionally redesigned and a new sample selected after
each decennial census. Also, the number of sample areas and
the number of sample persons are changed occasionally.
Most of these changes are made in order to improve the
efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the
reliability of the sample estimates. When Alaska and Hawaii
received statehood, three sample areas were added to the
existing sample to account for the population of these States.
In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing
units, selected in 24 States and the District of Columbia, was
designed to provide more reliable annual average estimates
for States. In October 1978, a coverage improvement sample
of approximately 450 sample household units representing
237,000 occupied mobile homes and 600,000 new construction housing units was added. In January 1980, another
supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected in 32
States and the District of Columbia was added. A sample
reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May
1981. In January 1982, the sample was expanded by 100
households to provide additional coverage in counties added
to Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs), which
were redefined in 1973. In January 1985, a new State-based
CPS sample was selected based on 1980 census information.
A sample reduction of about 4,000 households was implemented in April 1988; they were reinstated during the
8-month period, April-November 1989. A redesigned CPS
sample based on the 1990 decennial census has been
selected for use during the 1990's. Households from this new
sample will be phased in during the April 1994 through July
1995 period. For further information, see "Redesign of the
151

Sample for the Current Population Survey" in the May 1994
issue of this publication.
The 1980 census-based sample design includes about
72,000 housing units per month located in 729 selected
geographic areas called primary sampling units (PSU's).
The sample was initially selected so that specific reliability
criteria were met nationally, for each of the 50 States, for the
District of Columbia, and for the sub-State areas of New
York City and the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan
area. Since 1985, these reliability criteria have been
maintained through periodic additions and deletions in the
State samples. The criteria, given below, are based on the
coefficient of variation (CV) of the unemployment rate,
where the CV is defined as the standard error of the estimate
divided by the estimate, expressed as a percentage. These
CV controls assume a 6-percent unemployment rate to
establish a consistent specification of sampling error.
Nationally, a 1.8-percent CV is maintained on the
monthly unemployment rate estimate. This means that a
change of 0.2 percentage point in the unemployment rate is
significant at a 90-percent confidence level.
In 11 States—California, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts,
Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, and Texas—the most populous States at the
time of the 1980 decennial census, an 8-percent CV is
maintained on the monthly unemployment rate estimates. In
the other 39 States and the District of Columbia, an
8-percent CV is maintained on the annual unemployment
rate estimate. In New York City and the Los Angeles-Long
Beach metropolitan area, a 9-percent CV is maintained on
the monthly unemployment rate estimates.
In the first stage of sampling, the 729 sample areas are
chosen. In the second stage, ultimate sampling unit clusters
composed of about four housing units each are selected.
Each month, about 72,000 housing units are assigned for
data collection, of which about 60,000 are occupied and thus
eligible for interview. The remainder are units found to be
destroyed, vacant, converted to nonresidential use, containing persons whose usual place of residence is elsewhere, or
ineligible for other reasons. Of the 60,000 housing units, 4 to
5 percent are not interviewed in a given month due to
temporary absence (vacation, etc.), other failures to make
contact after repeated attempts, inability of persons contacted to respond, unavailability for other reasons, and
refusals to cooperate (about half of the noninterviews).
Information is obtained each month for about 113,000
persons 16 years of age and older.
Selection of sample areas. The entire area of the United
States, consisting of 3,137 counties and independent cities,
is divided into 1,973 sample units (PSU's). In most States, a
PSU consists of a county or a number of contiguous counties.
In New England and Hawaii, minor civil divisions are used
instead of counties.
Metropolitan areas within a State are used as a basis for
forming PSU's. Outside of metropolitan areas, counties
152




normally are combined, except where the geographic area of
the sample county is very large. Combining counties to
form PSU's provides greater heterogeneity; a typical PSU
includes urban and rural residents of both high and low
economic levels and encompasses, to the extent feasible,
diverse occupations and industries. Another important
consideration is to have the PSU sufficiently compact so
that, with a small sample spread throughout, it can be
efficiently canvassed without undue travel cost.
The 1,973 PSU's are grouped into strata within each State.
Then one PSU is selected from each stratum with the
probability of selection proportional to the population of the
PSU. There are 314 PSU's in strata by themselves that are
self-representing, and generally these are the most populated PSU's in each State. The remaining strata are formed
by combining PSU's that are similar in such characteristics
as population growth; proportions of blacks and of Hispanics
(in certain States); and population distribution by occupation, industry, age, and sex. The PSU's, randomly selected
from these strata, are non-self-representing, because each
one chosen represents the entire stratum. The probability of
selecting a particular PSU in a non-self-representing stratum
is proportional to its 1980 population. For example, within a
stratum, the chance that a PSU with a population of 50,000
would be selected for the sample is twice that for a PSU
having a population of 25,000.
Selection of sample households. Because the sample design
is State based, the sampling ratio differs by State and
depends on the reliability requirements for estimates for
each State. The State sampling ratios range roughly from 1
in every 200 households to 1 in every 2,500 households in
each stratum of the State. The sampling ratio occasionally is
modified slightly to hold the size of the sample relatively
constant given the overall growth of the population. The
sampling ratio used within a sample PSU depends on the
probability of selection of the PSU and the sampling ratio for
the State. In a sample PSU with a probability of selection of 1
in 10 with a State sampling ratio of 1 in 2,500, the
within-PSU sampling ratio that results is 1 in 250, thereby
achieving the desired ratio of 1 in 2,500 for the stratum.
Within each designated PSU, several steps are involved in
selecting the housing units to be enumerated. First, the 1980
census enumeration districts (ED's), which are administrative units and contain on the average about 300 housing
units, are ordered so that the sample would reflect the
demographic and residential characteristics of the PSU.
Within each ED, the housing units are sorted geographically
and are grouped into clusters of approximately four housing
units. Next, a systematic sample of these clusters of housing
units is selected.
The identification of the sample housing units within an
ED is made wherever possible from the list of ED addresses
compiled during the 1980 census. The address lists are used
in about three-fourths of the ED's, primarily in urban areas.
Area sampling is applied in the remaining ED's, mostly in

rural areas. In ED's where address lists are used, automated
methods are used to form clusters of geographically
contiguous housing units. An effort is made to have all small,
multi-unit addresses (two to four housing units) included in
the same cluster. The methods use the within-PSU sampling
ratio to identify appropriate clusters for the sample.
Supplemental samples are also prepared to account for
addresses in isolated geographic areas and to account for
housing units not found on the address lists, including
housing units newly constructed in the PSU since the census
date. The addresses of these units are obtained mainly from
records of building permits.
In those ED's where area sampling methods are used,
mainly rural areas, the ED's are subdivided into small land
"chunks" with well-defined boundaries and having, in
general, an expected "size" of about 8 to 12 housing units
or other living quarters. For each subdivided ED, one chunk
(or more) is designated for the sample. When a selected
chunk contains about four households, for example, all units
are included in the sample. When the size of the chunk is
several times four units, an interviewer does not conduct
interviews at all housing units in the chunk but uses a
systematic sampling pattern to obtain approximately four
households. The remaining housing units in the chunk are
then available for further samples. Area ED's also make use
of building permit lists to identify newly constructed
housing units.

Rotation of sample. Part of the sample is changed each
month. For each sample, eight representative subsamples or
rotation groups are identified. A given rotation group is
interviewed for a total of 8 months, divided into two equal
periods. It is in the sample for 4 consecutive months, leaves
the sample during the following 8 months, and then returns
for another 4 consecutive months. In any 1 month,
one-eighth of the rotation groups are in their first month of
enumeration, another eighth is in their second month, and so
on. Under this system, 75 percent of the sample segments are
common from month to month and 50 percent from year to
year for the same month. This procedure provides a
substantial amount of month-to-month and year-to-year
overlap in the sample, thus providing better estimates of
change and reducing discontinuities in the series of data
without burdening any specific group of households with an
unduly long period of inquiry.
Table 1-A provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use since 1947. A more detailed account of the history of the CPS sample design appears in the
Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or Concepts and
Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the
Current Population Survey, Report 463, Bureau of Labor Statistics. A description of the 1980 census-based sample appears in "Redesign of the Sample for the Current Population
Survey," in the May 1984 issue of this publication.

Table 1-A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to present
Households eligible
Time period

Aug.
Feb.
May
Jan.
Mar.
Jan.
Aug.
Aug.
Jan.
Jan.
May
Jan.
Apr.
Nov.

1947
1954
1956
1960
1963
1967
1971
1972
1978
1980
1981
1985
1988
1989

to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to

Jan. 1954
Apr. 1956
Dec. 1959
Feb. 1963
Dec. 1966
July 1971
July 1972
Dec. 1977
Dec. 1979
Apr. 1981
Dec. 1984
Mar. 1988
Mar. 1989
present 3

Number of sample
areas

68
230
1
330
2
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
729
729

1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in
each State and the District of Columbia.
2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and Hawaii
after statehood.




Households visited
but not eligible
Interviewed

Not interviewed

21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000
53,200
57,400

500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
2,600
2,600

3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000
11,500
11,800

3
The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month period,
April-November 1989.

153

ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously
and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data
from each sample person by the inverse of the probability of
the person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure
of the number of actual persons that the sample person represents. Since 1985, almost all sample persons within the same
State have the same probability of selection. Exceptions include sample persons in New York and California, where
households in New York City and Los Angeles are selected
with higher probability. Selection probabilities may also differ for some sample areas due to field subsampling, which is
carried out when areas selected for the sample are found to
contain many more households than expected. Through a series of estimation steps (outlined below), the selection probabilities are adjusted for noninterviews and survey undercoverage; data from previous months are incorporated into
the estimates through the composite estimation procedure.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for
occupied sample households for which no information was
obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or
unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This
noninterview adjustment is made separately for clusters of
similar sample areas that are usually, but not necessarily,
contained within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based
on Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size.
Within each cluster, there is a further breakdown by
residence. Each MSA cluster is split by "central city" and
"balance of the MSA." Each non-MSA cluster is split by
"urban" and "rural" residence categories. The proportion of
sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5
percent, depending on weather, vacation, etc.
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population
selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance,
from that of the population as a whole in such characteristics
as age, race, sex, and State of residence. Because these
characteristics are closely correlated with labor force
participation and other principal measurements made from
the sample, the survey estimates can be substantially
improved when weighted appropriately by the known
distribution of these population characteristics. This is
accomplished through two stages of ratio adjustment, as
follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimation. The purpose of the
first-stage ratio adjustment is to reduce the contribution to
variance that results from selecting a sample of PSU's rather
than drawing sample households from every PSU in the
Nation. This adjustment is made to the CPS weights in two
race cells: Black and nonblack; it is applied only to PSU's
that are not self-representing and for those States that have a
154



substantial number of black households. The procedure
corrects for differences that existed in each State cell at the
time of the 1980 census between 1) the race distribution of
the population in sample PSU's and 2) the race distribution
of all PSU's (both 1 and 2 exclude self-representing PSU's.)
b. Second-stage ratio estimation. This procedure substantially reduces the variability of estimates and corrects, to
some extent, for CPS undercoverage. The CPS sample
weights are adjusted to ensure that sample-based estimates
of population match independent population controls. Three
sets of controls are used:
1) 51 State controls of the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years of age and older
2) National civilian noninstitutional population controls for 14 Hispanic and 5 non-Hispanic age-sex
categories
3) National civilian noninstitutional population controls for 66 white, 42 black, and 10 "other" age-sex
categories
The independent population controls are prepared by
projecting forward the resident population as enumerated on
April 1, 1990. The projections are derived by updating
demographic census data with information from a variety
of other data sources that account for births, deaths, and net
migration. Estimated numbers of resident Armed
Forces personnel and institutionalized persons reduce the
resident population to the civilian noninstitutional population. Estimates of net census undercount, determined from
the Post Enumeration Survey, are added to the population
projections. Prior to January 1994, the projections were
based on earlier censuses, and there was no correction for
census undercount. A summary of the current procedures
used to make population projections is given in "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994,"
appearing in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
3. Composite estimation procedure. The last step in the preparation of most CPS estimates makes use of a composite estimation procedure. The composite estimate consists of a
weighted average of two factors: The two-stage ratio estimate based on the entire sample from the current month and
the composite estimate for the previous month, plus an estimate of the month-to-month change based on the six rotation
groups common to both months. In addition, a bias adjustment term is added to the weighted average to account for
relative bias associated with month-in-sample estimates.
This month-in-sample bias is exhibited by unemployment
estimates for persons in their first and fifth months in the
CPS being generally higher than estimates obtained for the
other months.
The composite estimate results in a reduction in the
sampling error beyond that which is achieved after the two
stages of ratio adjustment. For some items, the reduction is

substantial. The resultant gains in reliability are greatest in
estimates of month-to-month change, although gains are
also usually obtained for estimates of level in a given month,
change from year to year, and change over other intervals of
time.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the
totals shown in the same tables because of independent
rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand.
Similarly, sums of percent distributions may not always
equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based
on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The
standard errors provided indicate primarily the magnitude of
the sampling error. They also incorporate the effect of some
nonsampling errors in response and enumeration but do not
account for any systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to
quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS, as
discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be
small on estimates of relative change, such as month-tomonth change. Estimates of monthly levels would be more
severely affected by the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many
sources, e.g., the inability to obtain information about all
persons in the sample; differences in the interpretation of
questions; inability or unwillingness of respondents to
provide correct information; inability to recall information;
errors made in collecting and processing the data; errors
made in estimating values for missing data; and failure to
represent all sample households and all persons within
sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of
the survey are studied by means of a reinterview program.
This program is used to estimate various sources of error as
well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers.
A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected
through reinterview at regular intervals. The results indicate, among other things, that the data published from the
CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS reinterview program and some of the other
results may be found in the Current Population Survey
Reinterview Program, January 1961 through December
1966, Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan
used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies by
rotation group. A description of these effects appears in "The
Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From Panel




Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American
Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. The
CPS covers about 94 percent of the decennial census
population. It is known that the CPS undercoverage varies
with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally, undercoverage is larger for men than for women and larger for
blacks, Hispanics, and other races than for whites. Ratio
adjustment to independent age-sex-race-origin population
controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the
biases due to survey undercoverage. However, biases exist
in the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed
households or missed persons in interviewed households
have different characteristics than interviewed persons in
the same age-sex-race-origin group.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS
appears in An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by
the Current Population Survey, by Camilla Brooks and
Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S.
Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical
Policy and Standards; in "The Current Population Survey:
An Overview," by Marvin Thompson and Gary Shapiro,
Annals of Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April
1973; and in The Current Population Survey, Design and
Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the
Census, U.S. Department of Commerce. This last document
includes a comprehensive discussion of various sources of
errors and describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. When a sample rather than the entire
population is surveyed, estimates differ from the true
population values that they represent. This difference, or
sampling error, occurs by chance, and its variability is
measured by the standard error of the estimate. Sample
estimates from a given survey design are unbiased when an
average of the estimates from all possible samples would
yield, hypothetically, the true population value. In this case,
the sample estimate and its standard error can be used to
construct approximate confidence intervals, or ranges of
values, that include the true population value with known
probabilities. If the process of selecting a sample from the
population were repeated many times and an estimate and its
standard error calculated for each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error
above the estimate would include the true population value.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors
above the estimate would include the true population value.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from two
standard errors below the estimate to two standard errors
above the estimate would include the true population value.
Although the estimating methods used in the CPS do not
produce unbiased estimates, biases for most estimates are
155

believed to be small enough so that these confidence interval
statements are approximately true.
Since it would be too costly to develop standard errors for
all CPS estimates, generalized variance function techniques
are used to calculate sets of standard errors for various types
of labor force characteristics. It is important to keep in mind
that standard errors computed from these methods reflect
contributions from sampling errors and some kinds of
nonsampling errors and indicate the general magnitude of an
estimate's standard error rather than its precise value.
The generalized variance functions and standard errors
provided here are based on the sample design and estimation
procedures as of 1987 and have been adjusted to reflect the
population levels and sample size as of 1993 as well as the
use of new population controls based on the 1990 census. For
years prior to 1967, the standard errors obtained must be
further adjusted to reflect the CPS sample size in effect at
that time. For years prior to 1956, standard errors should be
multiplied by 1.5; for the years 1956 through 1966, standard
errors should be multiplied by 1.22.
Tables 1-B through 1-H are provided so that approximate
standard errors of estimates can be easily obtained. These
tables are briefly summarized here; details illustrating the
proper use of each table follow.
Tables 1-B and 1-C show standard errors for estimated
monthly levels and rates for selected employment status
characteristics; these tables also provide standard errors for
consecutive month-to-month changes in the estimates.
These standard errors are based on levels of recent estimates
and can be determined directly by finding the characteristic
of interest.
Tables 1-D and 1-E show standard errors for monthly
levels and consecutive monthly changes in levels for general
employment status characteristics. The standard errors are
calculated using linear interpolation based on the size of the
monthly estimates.
Tables 1-F and 1-G give parameters that can be used
with formulas to calculate a standard error on nearly
any specified level, unemployment rate, percentage, or
consecutive month-to-month change. For monthly levels
and consecutive month-to-month changes in levels, tables
1-F and 1-G are preferred to tables 1-D and 1-E, since
the formulas provide more accurate results than linear
interpolation.
Table 1-H presents factors used to convert standard errors
of monthly levels and rates determined from tables 1-B, 1-C,
1-D, and 1-F to standard errors pertaining to quarterly and
yearly averages, consecutive year-to-year changes of
monthly estimates, and changes in quarterly and yearly
averages.
The standard errors for estimated changes from 1 month
to the next, 1 year to the next, etc., depend more on the
monthly levels for characteristics than on the size of the
changes. Accordingly, tables 1-E, 1-G, and 1-H use monthly
levels (not the magnitude of the changes) for approximating

156




Table 1-B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(In thousands)

Category

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Monthly
level

Consecutivemonth change

275
295
146

204
224
160

Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

179
194
103

152
164
118

Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

204
209
90

155
160
105

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

89
87
58

88
86
75

127
129
66

94
98
75

Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

72
76
45

63
67
53

Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

90
89
43

68
68
50

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

36
31
28

38
32
33

Hispanic origin, 16 years and
over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

121
123
58

85
100
68

Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

standard errors of change. Standard errors for estimated
change between nonconsecutive months are not provided
(except for year-to-year change); however, these may be assumed to be higher than the standard errors for consecutive
monthly change.
Use of tables 1-B and 1-C. These tables provide a quick reference for standard errors of major characteristics. Table 1-B
gives approximate standard errors for estimates of monthly
levels and consecutive month-to-month changes in levels
for major employment status categories. Table 1-C gives
approximate standard errors for estimates of monthly unemployment rates and consecutive month-to-month changes in
unemployment rates for some demographic, industrial, and
occupational categories. For characteristics not given in
tables 1-B and 1-C, refer to either tables 1-D and 1-E or
tables 1-F and 1-G.
Illustration. Suppose that for a given month the number of
women 20 years and over in the civilian labor force is estimated to be 54,000,000. For this characteristic, the approxi-

Table 1-C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by
major characteristics
Characteristic
Total, 16 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White workers
Black workers
Hispanic-origin workers
Married men, spouse present . . .
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families . . .

Monthly
level

Consecutivemonth change

0.11
.16
.15
.16
.16
.76
.12
.47
.53
.16
.19
.54

0.13
.19
.18
.19
.19
1.00
.14
.55
.63
.19
.22
.65

.23
.19

.27
.23

.48
.31

.57
.37

.25
1.27
.72

.30
1.51
.86

.36

.43

.36

.43

.52

.62

.57

.68

.74
.73

.88
.87

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and
managerial
Professional specialty
Technicians and related
support
Sales
Administrative support,
including clerical
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private
household and protective
service
Precision production, craft, and
repair
Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors
Transportation and material
moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners,
helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Industry
Nonagricultural private wag
and salary workers
Goods-producing industries . . ,
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing
industries
Transportation, communications, and public utilities .
Wholesale and retail trade . . ,
Finance and services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary
workers

.13
.28
1.57
.73
.29
.38
.45

.16
.33
1.87
.87
.34
.45
.53

.15

.18

.43
.27
.19
.21

.51
.33
.23
.25

1.19

1.42

mate standard error of 204,000 is given in table 1-B in the
row, "total, women 20 years and over: Civilian labor force."
A 90-percent confidence interval as shown by these data,
would then be the interval from 53,674,000 to 54,326,000.
Concluding that the true labor force level lies within this interval would be correct for roughly 90 percent of all possible
samples.
Use of tables l-D and 1-E. From these tables, approximate
standard errors can be calculated for estimates of monthly
levels and month-to-month changes in levels for major labor
force characteristics by race and Hispanic origin. For major
categories not shown, such as male or female, tables 1-F and




1-G can be used. Standard errors for intermediate values not
shown in the tables may be approximated by linear interpolation. For table 1-E, which applies to estimates of consecutive month-to-month change, the average of the two
monthly levels (not the change) is used to select the appropriate row in the table.
Illustration. Assume that between 2 consecutive months the
estimated number of employed persons changed from
115,600,000 to 116,700,000, an apparent increase of
1,100,000. The approximate standard error on this monthto-month change estimate is based on the average level of
the estimate for the 2 months, 116,150,000. Using the table
1-E column titled "labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural employment, total," it is necessary to
find the standard errors corresponding to the two monthly
level entries between which the value 116,150,000 lies. The
standard error corresponding to 100,000,000 is given as
252,000, and the standard error corresponding to
120,000,000 is given as 223,000. Use linear interpolation to
find the approximate standard error on month-to-month
change corresponding to the level 116,150,000; one method
of calculation is given below.
/ 120,000,000-116,150,000

223,000 +

v

1(252,000-223,000) =229,000

120,000,000-100,000,000

Thus, a 90-percent confidence interval for the true monthto-month change would be approximately the interval from
734,000 to 1,466,000.
Use of tables 1-F and 1-G. These tables can be used to find
approximate standard errors for a wide range of estimated
monthly levels, proportions, rates, and estimates of consecutive monthly change. Instead of displaying standard errors,
these tables provide parameters to be used with the formulas
given below that allow the user to calculate standard errors.
Table 1-G, which applies to estimates of consecutive
monthly change, lists parameters for some characteristics
classified by a measure of correlation between monthly estimates. Estimates of the number of persons employed full
time, for example, change relatively little from 1 month to
the next, and the two monthly estimates are said to be highly
correlated. Consecutive monthly estimates of part-time employment, by contrast, have low correlation, because these
estimates are relatively volatile.
Major characteristics for which consecutive monthly estimates are known to have high or low correlation are indicated in table 1-G. Not all categories in table 1-G, however,
are broken down into low or high correlation characteristics.
When high or low correlation is not specified in table 1-G,
the parameters in this table should be selected from the rows
labeled "most characteristics" or from rows not specifying
correlation.
157

Table 1-D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly levels
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Agricultural
employment

Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment

Unemployment

Estimated
monthly level

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000

Hispanic origin
Total or
white

Black

12
17
39
58
90
147
202
256
310

12
17
37
51
71

Total or
white

Black

11
16
36
51
71
100
122
140
155
187
213

12
17
36
51
69
89
98
99
92

Hispanic
origin

Total

12
18
39
55
11
105

11
16
36
51
72
101
123
141
156
188
214
253
281
301
316
324
328
321
294
238

White

Black
Employed

11
16
36
51
72
101
122
140
156
187
212
249
275
293
304
308
307
287
238

12
17
37
51
71
96
111
121
127
125
98

13
18
41
57
78
103
116
122
122
89

Civilian labor
force or not
in labor force
13
18
41
57
78
103
116
122
122
89

Table 1-E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change in levels
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Agricultural
employment

Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment

Unemployment

Estimated
monthly level

50
100
500
1.000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000

158



Hispanic origin
Total or
white

Black

13
18
40
55
73
88
86
65

11
16
35
49
67

Total or
white

Black

14
19
42
60
84
115
138
155
168
190
200

14
19
43
59
78
96
97
81

Hispanic
origin

15
21
46
65
89
118

Total

White

Black
Employed

9
13
29
42
59
82
100
115
128
154
174
206
228
244
254
260
262
252
223
164

9
13
29
42
59
82
100
115
128
154
174
206
228
244
254
260
262
252
223
164

10
14
30
42
58
78
90
96
99
90
43

11
16
34
48
65
86
96
100
98
60

Civilian labor
force or not
in labor force
9
13
29
40
55
72
82
86
86
62

Standard errors of estimated levels. The approximate
standard error, s x , of an estimated monthly level, x, can be
obtained using the formula below, where a and b are the parameters from table 1-F associated with the particular characteristic. The same formula can be used to approximate the
standard error of an estimated month-to-month change in
level; simply average the levels for the 2 consecutive months
and use the parameters from table 1-G.
= A/ax 2 + bx

Illustration. Assume that in a given month there are an estimated 6 million unemployed men in the civilian labor force
(x = 6,000,000). Obtain the appropriate a and b parameters
from table 1-F ("unemployment, total or white"). Use the
formula to compute an approximate standard error on the
estimate of 6,000,000.
a = -0.000015942

b = 2576.83

(-0.000015942) (6,000,000) 2 + (2576.83) (6,000,000) =122,000

Suppose that in the next month the estimated number of
unemployed men increases by 200,000 to 6,200,000. The
average of the monthly levels is x = 6,100,000. Obtain the
appropriate a and b parameters from table 1-G ("unemployment, total or white, total, men, women"). Use the formula
to compute an approximate standard error on the estimated
change of 200,000.
s x = ^-0.000083130) (6,100,000) 2 + (3652.76) (6,100,000) =139,000

An approximate 90-percent confidence interval for the
true month-to-month change would be the interval from
-22,000 to 422,000. Because this interval covers zero, one
cannot assert at this level of confidence that any real change
has occurred in the unemployment level. This result can also
be expressed by saying that the apparent change of 200,000
is not significant at a 90-percent confidence level.
Standard errors of estimated percentages and rates. Generally, percentages and rates are not published unless the
monthly base (denominator) is greater than 75,000 persons,
the quarterly average base is greater than 60,000 persons, or
the annual average base is greater than 35,000 persons.
The reliability of an estimated percentage or rate depends
upon the magnitude of the percentage or rate and its base.
When the numerator and base are in different categories, use
the parameters from table 1-F or 1-G relevant to the numerator. The approximate standard error, sy^ of an estimated per-




centage or rate, p, can be obtained using the following formula, where y is the estimated number of persons in the base.
Syn=/\/

yy

v

b

y

Illustration. For a given month, suppose that 5,600,000
women, 20 to 24 years of age, are estimated to be employed.
Of this total, 1,800,000 or 32 percent are classified as parttime workers. To estimate the standard error on this percentage, proceed as follows. Obtain the parameter b = 2204.62
from table 1-F ("labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment, total
women"). Apply the formula to obtain:

s

y>p = '

2204.62 (32) (100-32) =0.9 percent
5,600,000

Suppose that in the next month 5,700,000 women in this
same age group are reported employed and that 1,950,000 or
34 percent are part-time workers. To estimate the standard
error on the observed month-to-month change of 2 percentage points, first average the values for p and y over the 2
months to get p = 33 percent and y = 5,650,000. Next, obtain
the parameter b = 2344.57 from table 1-G ("labor force and
not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment
and unemployment, total or white, women, low correlation
characteristics") and apply the formula as follows.
Sy,p -

2344.57 (33) (100-33) =1.0 percent
5,650,000

It should be noted that the numerator of the percentage
(part-time employed) determined the choice of correlation.
If the example had illustrated percentages of women
employed full time, the numerator would have been a high
correlation characteristic. Table 1-G, however, does not explicitly list high correlation parameters for employed
women; thus, the row labeled "women, most characteristics" would have been used.
Had the example dealt with teenage women employed
part time, either of two rows in table 1-G could have been
applied ("women, low correlation" or "both sexes, 16 to 19
years"). In situations like this, where it is not clear which
row applies, a general rule to follow is to choose the row with
the largest b parameter. This gives a more conservative estimate of standard error.
Use of table 1-H. Use this table with table 1-B, 1-C, 1-D, or
1-F to calculate approximate standard errors for quarterly or
yearly averages, changes in consecutive quarterly or yearly
averages, and consecutive year-to-year changes in monthly
estimates. Table 1-H gives factors to be applied only to standard errors for monthly levels. Follow these three basic
steps:
159

Table 1-F. Parameters for computation of standard errors
for estimates of monthly levels
Characteristic

a

b

Labor force and not-in-laborforce data other than agricultural employment and
unemployment:
1

Step 1. The quarterly average is 11,600,000.

Total
Men 1
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-0.000015693
-.000029081
-.000026234
-.000155877

2601.35
2408.58
2204.62
2217.37

White 1
Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-.000017747
-.000032645
-.000029869
-.000185057

2600.88
2410.86
2201.86
2221.96

Black
Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-.000112595
-.000271289
-.000164088
-.001181647

2735.54
2553.88
2298.23
2570.17

-.000190760

3394.71

.000005264

722.21

Hispanic origin
Not in labor force, total or white,
excluding women and 16- to
19-year-olds
Agricultural employment:

.000694096
.000761532

2656.52
2461.77

-.000022089

2250.29

Black

-.000121207

2749.05

Hispanic origin:
.010960039

2522.57

.014443239

1483.55

-.000015942
-.000190601
-.000094114

2576.83
2744.70
3116.52

Unemployment:
Total or white
Black
Hispanic origin

Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters from table 1-F ("labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment, black, total"). Use the formula for s x to compute an approximate standard error for a
monthly estimate of 11,600,000.

a = -0.000112595

b=2735.54

(-0.000112595)(ll,600,000) 2 +(2735.54)(ll,600,000) =129,000

Total or white
Men
Women or both sexes, 16
to 19 years

Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to
19 years

Illustration. Suppose that standard errors are desired for a
quarterly average of black employment levels and for the
change in averages from 1 quarter to the next. For each
successive month of the first quarter, suppose the levels are
observed to be 11,500,000,11,600,000, and 11,700,000.

Excludes not-in-labor-force data.

Step 1. Average estimates appropriately. For quarterly
estimates, average the 3 monthly estimates. For yearly estimates, average the 12 monthly estimates. For changes in
consecutive averages, average over the 2 quarters or 2 years.
For consecutive year-to-year changes in monthly estimates,
average the 2 months involved.

Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .87 from table
1-H (column labeled "quarterly averages" and row labeled
"labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment, black"). This gives
an approximate standard error of 112,000 on the quarterly
average of 11,600,000.
Proceed to obtain the approximate standard error on the
change in consecutive quarterly average estimates of black
employment. Assume that black employment estimates for
the months in the second quarter are observed to be
11,100,000,11,200,000, and 11,300,000.
Step 1. The average for the second quarter is 11,200,000.
The average of the 2 quarters is 11,400,000.
Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters as above and use the
formula for s x to compute an approximate standard error for
the estimate of 11,400,000, treating it as an estimate for a
single month.
sx= A/(-0.000112595)(ll,4()0,000) 2 +(2735.54)(ll,400,000) =129,000

Step 2. Obtain a standard error on a monthly estimate using table 1-B or 1-C, or apply the procedures for table 1-D or
1-F to the average calculated in step 1, as if the average were
an estimate for a single month.

Step3. Multiply this result by the factor .84 from table 1-H
(column labeled "change in quarterly averages" and row
labeled "labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than
agricultural employment and unemployment, black"). This
gives an approximate standard error of 108,000 on the
estimated change of 400,000 from 1 quarter to the next.

Step 3. Determine the standard error on the average or on
the estimate of change. Multiply the result from step 2 by the
appropriate factor from table 1-H.

The estimated change clearly exceeds 2 standard errors;
therefore, one could conclude from these data that the
change in quarterly averages is significant.

160



Table 1-G. Parameters for computation of standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change in levels
Characteristic
Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total or white:
Most characteristics
High correlation characteristics1
Low correlation characteristics1

-0.000011078
-.000008243
-.000014344

1743.77
1363.60
2222.55

Men:
Most characteristics
High correlation characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000020055
-.000014922
-.000051814

1674.07
1307.96
2325.37

Women:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000018844
-.000053069

1472.65
2344.57

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-.000169260

2280.05

Black:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000088926
-.001732525

1871.20
5676.12

Men:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000210520
-.002587620

1986.81
5079.90

Women:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000140581
-.002078112

4723.08

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-.001176111

2729.02

-.000145304
-.000095111
-.002425480
-.000227656

2417.72
1682.24
7511.81
2045.54

-.000366130
-.000315338

3150.64
2239.22

Total or white:
Total
Men
Women or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-.000351254
-.000597224
.000115653

3344.45
3450.08
2062.60

Black:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-.000109948
-.017161885

2493.69
5121.00

Hispanic origin:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

.002654758
.002647371

4043.98
3510.08

-.000218152

1822.59

Total or white:
Total, men, women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics

-.000083130
-.000063570

3652.76
4463.07

Black:
Total, men, women, and both sexes, 16 to 19 years
High correlation characteristics

-.000372215
.000043286

3800.30
2691.66

Hispanic origin:
Total, men, women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics

-.000233757
-.000921018

4404.26
6132.68

Hispanic origin:
Total
Civilian labor force and not in labor force
Low correlation characteristics
Men, civilian labor force and not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over; 20 years and over;
and both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Women, 16 years and over and 20 years and over

1621.48

Agricultural employment:

Self-employed
Unemployment:2

1
High correlation characteristics include employed full-time, manufacturing,
service workers, and not in the labor force. Low correlation characteristics include all part-time workers; employed, with a job, but not at work; unpaid family
workers; and precision production, craft, and repair occupations.




2
High correlation characteristics include full-time jobseekers; job losers;
manufacturing workers; and operators, fabricators, and laborers. Low correlation characteristics include part-time jobseekers, reentrants, persons unemployed for less than 5 weeks and from 5 to 14 weeks.

161

Table 1-H. Factors to be used with tables 1-B, 1-C, 1-D, and 1-F to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and
change in yearly averages
Factor

Characteristic

Year-to-year
change of
monthly
estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change
in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

1.30
1.30
1.30
1.40

0.92
.82
.78
.80

0.70
.84
.88
.80

0.79
.57
.49
.59

0.70
.70
.70
.70

1.40
1.40

.74
.67

.88
.88

.46
.42

.65
.54

1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.40

.87
.87
.87
.79
.82

.85
.84
.80
.88
.90

.65
.65
.65
.54
.51

.70
.70
.70
.70
.60

Change
in
yearly
averages

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time
Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than
agricultural employment and unemployment:
Total or white
Black
Hispanic origin
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part time

162




Establishment Data
("B" tables)
COLLECTION

BLS cooperates with State employment security agencies
in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establishment survey to collect data each month on employment,
hours, and earnings from a sample of nonfarm establishments (including government). In March 1993, this sample
included over 390,000 reporting units. From these data, a
large number of employment, hours, and earnings series in
considerable industry and geographic detail are prepared
and published each month. Historical statistics can be found
in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States, and
Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States and Areas. These
data are also available in machine-readable format.
Each month, the State agencies collect data on employment, payrolls, and paid hours from a sample of establishments. Data are collected by mail from most respondents;
phone collection is used to obtain higher response rates from
selected respondents through computer-assisted interviews,
touch-tone self-response, and voice recognition technology.
The respondents extract the requested data from their payroll records, which must be maintained for a variety of tax
and accounting purposes. All firms with 250 employees or
more are asked to participate in the survey, as well as a sample of smaller firms.
A "shuttle" schedule (BLS form 790 series) is used for
mail respondents. It is submitted each month by the respondents, edited by the State agency, and returned to the respondent for use again the following month.
The technical characteristics of the shuttle schedule are
particularly important in maintaining continuity and consistency in reporting from month to month. The shuttle design
automatically exhibits the trends of the reported data covered by the schedule during the year; therefore, the relationship of the current data to the data for the previous months is
shown. The schedule also has operational advantages. For
example, accuracy and economy are achieved by entering
the identification codes and the address of the reporter only
once a year.
All schedules are edited by the State agencies each month
to make sure that the data are correctly reported and that they
are consistent with the data reported by the establishment in
earlier months and with the data reported by other establishments in the industry. The State agencies forward the data,
either on the schedules themselves or in machine-readable
form, to BLS-Washington. They also use the information
provided on the forms to develop State and area estimates of
employment, hours, and earnings. At BLS, the data are
edited again by computer to detect processing and reporting
errors which may have been missed in the initial State editing; the edited data are used to prepare national estimates.




It should be noted that for employment, the sum of the
State figures will differ from the official U.S. national totals
because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic
stratification and differences in the timing of benchmark adjustments.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified
into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume.
Since January 1980, this information is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports filed by employers. For an establishment making more
than one product or engaging in more than one activity, the
entire employment of the establishment is included under
the industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Nation (beginning with August 1990 data) and for States and
areas (beginning with January 1990 data) are classified in
accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification
Manual (SIC), Office of Management and Budget.
Industry employment
Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the
12th day of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the number of persons
who occupied positions on the last day of the calendar
month. Intermittent workers are counted if they performed
any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid
volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic
workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included.
Government employment covers only civilian employees;
military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central
Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency are
also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick
leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid
holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the
pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike
during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not
counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on leave
without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who were hired
but have not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of employment change (table B-6).
These indexes measure the dispersion among industries of
the change in employment over the specified time span.
Beginning with August 1990 data, the overall indexes are
163

calculated from 356 seasonally adjusted employment series
(3-digit industries) covering all nonfarm payroll employment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffusion indexes are based on 139 3-digit industries.
To derive the indexes, each component industry is assigned a value of 0, 50, or 100 percent, depending on whether its employment showed a decrease, no change, or an increase, respectively, over the time span. The average value
(mean) is then calculated, and this percent is the diffusion index number.
The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent,
the value which indicates that the same number of component industries had increased as had decreased. Index numbers above 50 show that more industries had increasing employment, and values below 50 indicate that more had decreasing employment. The margin between the percent that
increased and the percent that decreased is equal to the difference between the index and its complement, i.e., 100 minus the index. For example, an index of 65 percent means
that 30 percent more industries had increasing employment
than had decreasing employment [65-( 100-65) = 30]. However, for dispersion analysis, the distance of the index number from the 50-percent reference point is the most significant observation.
Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpreted as
showing the percent of components that increased over the
time span, it should be remembered that the index reflects
half of the unchanged components as well. (This is the effect
of assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged components when computing the index.)
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports
of payrolls and hours for production and related workers in
manufacturing and mining, construction workers in
construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries.

Nonsupervisory employees. These are employees (not above
the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research
aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, line
installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services are
closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll. This refers to the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the
12th day of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union
dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation,
and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless
earned and paid regularly each pay period); other pay not
earned in the pay period reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips;
and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in
kind are excluded. Employee benefits (such as health and
other types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc.,
paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours. These are the hours paid for during the pay period
which includes the 12th of the month for production,
construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours
paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is
received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours. These are hours worked by production or
related workers for which overtime premiums were paid because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or the workweek during the
pay period which included the 12th of the month. Weekend
and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums
were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.

Production and related workers. This category includes
working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating,
processing, assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling,
maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g.,
power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely
associated with the above production operations.

Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates to
the average hours for which pay was received and is different
from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages
cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled
hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further
reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.

Construction workers. This group includes the following
employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether working at the site of
construction or working in shops or yards at jobs (such as
precutting and preassembling) ordinarily performed by
members of the construction trades.

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current
month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures
for 1982. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the
product of average weekly hours and production worker or
nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of
industry aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum of the
component aggregates.

164



Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that
portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular
hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If an employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total compensation his or her holiday pay plus
straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime
hours would be reported.
Because overtime hours are premium hours by definition,
weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in
the same direction from month to month. Such factors as
work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not
have the same influence on overtime hours as on average
hours. Diverse trends at the industry group level also may be
caused by a marked change in hours for a component industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current months.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on a
"gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly
and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors as
premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changes
in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively
high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups and
divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings
for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period of
time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of work
or time. The earnings series do not measure the level of total
labor costs on the part of the employer since the following
are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items, payments
of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers,
and earnings for those employees not covered under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage payments. These series are compiled only for aircraft (SIC 3721)
and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing. The same concepts and estimation methods apply to
these series as apply to the average hourly earnings series described above; the one difference between the series is definitional. The payroll data used to calculate this series include lump-sum payments made to production workers in
lieu of general wage rate increases; such payments are excluded from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate
the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 and SIC 3761
covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data
are adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year and
cover the following 12-month period. In order to spread the
payment across this time period, a prorated portion of the
payment is added to the payroll each month. This prorated




portion is adjusted by an exit rate to reduce the lump-sum
amount to account for persons who received the payment but
left before the payment allocation period expired.
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average
hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay are computed by dividing the total production worker payroll for the
industry group by the sum of total production worker hours
and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are
made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time
and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are
based on monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of
the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff assistants
(ICC group I) who received pay during the month. Average
hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average
hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are
affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but
also by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly
variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time
workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees
are not paid may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-term trends of average weekly earnings can be affected by structural changes in the makeup of the work force.
For example, persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced average workweeks in these
industries and have affected the average weekly earnings series.
Real earnings. These earnings are in constant dollars and
are calculated from the earnings averages for the current
month using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W).
The reference year for these series is 1982.
ESTIMATING METHODS
The Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establishment survey estimates of employment are generated through
an annual benchmark and monthly sample link procedure.
Annual universe counts or benchmark levels are generated
primarily from administrative records on employees
covered by unemployment insurance (UI) tax laws. These
165

annual benchmarks, established for March of each year, are
projected forward for each subsequent month based on the
trend of the sample employment, using an estimation procedure called the link relative. Benchmarks and sample link
relatives are computed for each of 1,703 basic estimation
cells defined by industry, size, and geography for the CES
national estimates, and summed to create aggregate level
employment estimates.

Benchmarks
The establishment survey constructs annual benchmarks
in order to realign the sample-based employment totals for
March of each year with the Ul-based population counts for
March. These population counts are much less timely than
sample-based estimates; however, they provide an annual
point-in-time census for employment.
Population counts are derived from the administrative file
of employees covered by UI. All employers covered by UI
laws are required to report employment and wage information to the appropriate State employment security agency
four times a year. Approximately 99 percent of in-scope private employment is covered by UI. A benchmark for the remaining 1 percent is constructed from alternate sources, primarily records from the Interstate Commerce Commission
and the Social Security Administration. The full benchmark
developed for March replaces the March sample-based estimate, for each basic cell. The monthly sample-based estimates for the year preceding and the year following the
benchmark are also then subject to revision.
Monthly estimates for the year preceding the March
benchmark are readjusted using a "wedge back" procedure.
The difference between the final benchmark level and the
previously published March sample estimate is calculated
and spread back across the previous 11 months. The wedge is
linear; eleven-twelfths of the March difference is added to
the February estimates, ten-twelfths to the January estimates, and so on, back to the previous April estimates which
receive one-twelfth of the March difference. This assumes
that the total estimation error since the last benchmark accumulated at a steady rate throughout the current benchmark
year.
Estimates for the 11 months following the March benchmark are also recalculated each year. These post-benchmark
estimates reflect the application of sample-based monthly
changes to new benchmark levels for March, and the recomputation of bias adjustment factors for each month. Bias factors are updated to take into account the most recent experience of the estimates generated by the monthly sample versus the full universe counts derived from the UI.
Following the revision of basic employment estimates, all
other derivative series (e.g., production workers, average
hourly earnings) are also recalculated. New seasonal adjustment factors are calculated and all data series for the previous 5 years are reseasonally adjusted, prior to full publication of all revised data in June of each year.
166



Monthly estimation
Estimates are derived from a sample of approximately
390,000 business establishments nationwide. A current
month's estimate is derived as the product of the previous
month's estimate and a sample link relative for the current
month. A bias adjustment factor is then applied to this result
primarily to help account for new business births during the
month.
Stratification. The sample is stratified into 1,703 basic estimation cells for purposes of computing national employment, hours, and earnings estimates. Cells are defined primarily by detailed industry, and secondarily by size for a majority of cells. In a few industries, mostly within the
construction division, geographic stratification is also used.
Industry classification is in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SIC); most estimation cells are defined at the 4-digit SIC level.
This detailed stratification pattern allows for the production and publication of estimates in considerable industry
detail. Sub-industry stratification by size is important because major statistics which the survey measures, particularly employment change and average earnings, often vary significantly between establishments of different size. Stratification reduces the variance of the published industry level
estimates.
Link relative technique. A ratio of the previous to the current
month's employment is computed from a sample of establishments reporting for both months—this ratio is called a
"link relative." For each basic cell, a link relative is computed and applied to the previous month's employment estimate to derive the current month's estimate. Thus a March
benchmark is moved forward to the next March benchmark
through application of monthly link relatives. Basic cell estimates created through the link relative technique are aggregated to form published industry level estimates, for employment, as described in table 2-A. Basic estimation and
aggregation methods for the hours and earnings data are also
shown in table 2-A.
Bias adjustment. Bias adjustment factors are computed at
the 3-digit SIC level, and applied each month at the basic cell
level, as part of the standard estimation procedures. The
main purpose of bias adjustment is to reduce a primary
source of nonsampling error in the survey, the inability to
capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new
firm births. There is a several month lag between an establishment opening for business and its appearing on the UI
universe frame and being available for sampling. Because
new firms generate a portion of employment growth each
month of the year, nonsampling methods must be used to
capture this growth, otherwise substantial under estimation
of total employment levels would occur. Formal bias adjustment procedures have been used by the establishment

Table 2-A. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings

Employment, hours,
and earnings

Basic estimating cell (industry, region,
size or region/size cell)

Aggregate industry level (division
and, where stratified, industry)

Monthly data

All employees

All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of all employees in current month to
all employees in previous month, for sample establishments which reported for both months.1

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women employees
All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to all employees in sample establishments for current month, (2) estimated ratio of
women to all employees.2

Sum of all-employee estimates for component
cells.

Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates, or estimates of women employees, for
component cells.

Average weekly hours

Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2

Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory worker employment, of the average weekly
hours for component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours . . .

Production worker overtime hours divided by
number of production workers.2

Average, weighted by production worker employment, of the average weekly overtime hours for
component cells.

Average hourly earnings

Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll divided by total production or nonsupervisory
worker hours.2

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average hourly earnings for component cells.

Average weekly earnings

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Annual average data

All employees, women employees,
and production or nonsupervisory
workers

Average weekly hours

Average weekly overtime hours . . .

Average hourly earnings

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or
nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by
average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of
employment.

Annual total of aggregate hours for production
or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual
sum of employment for these workers.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (produc- Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for protion worker employment multiplied by average duction workers divided by annual sum of employweekly overtime hours) divided by annual sum of ment for these workers.
employment.
Annual total of aggregate payrolls (produqt of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by
weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided by
annual aggregate hours.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by
annual aggregate hours.

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Average weekly earnings
1 The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product
by bias adjustmentfactors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in the
sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly




earnings are modified by a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure accepts the advantage
of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at the same time,
tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest sample
average.

167

survey since the late 1960's. Prior to the 1983 benchmark,
bias adjustments were derived from a simple mean error
model, which averaged undercount errors for the previous 3
years to arrive at bias projections for the coming year. The
undercount errors were measured as the difference between
sample-based estimate results and benchmark levels.
This procedure eventually proved inadequate during periods of rapidly changing employment trends, and the bias adjustment methodology was revised. Research done in the
early 1980's indicated that bias requirements were strongly
correlated with current employment growth or decline.
Based on this research, a revised method was developed
which incorporated the sample data on employment growth
over the most recent two quarters, and a regression-derived
coefficient for the significance of that change, to adjust the
mean error model results. This change in methodology provided a more cyclically sensitive bias model. The regression-adjusted mean error model has been in use since 1983,
for the production of national estimates.
The current model still has limitations in its ability to react
to changing economic conditions or changing error structure
relationships between the sample-based estimates and the
UI universe counts. A principal limitation is the inability to
incorporate UI universe counts as they become available on
an ongoing basis, with a 6- to 9-month lag from the reference
period. Thus, the current quarterly outputs from the model
are subject to intervention analysis, and adjustments can be
made to its results, prior to the establishment of final bias
levels for a quarter. Review is done primarily in terms of
detection of outlier (i.e., abnormally high or low) values, and
by comparison of CES sample and bias trends with the most
recent quarterly observations of UI universe counts. The
BLS currently has under study improved bias models using a
Kalman filter technique, which would allow a more formal,
structured incorporation of each quarter's UI universe
counts in the bias modeling process.
Although the primary function of bias adjustment is to account for employment resulting from new business formations, it also adjusts for other elements of nonsampling error
in the survey, because the primary input to the modeling procedure is total estimation error. Significant among these
nonsampling error sources is a business death bias. When a
sampled firm closes down, most often it simply does not respond to the survey that month, rather than reporting zero
employment. Followup with nonrespondents may reveal an
out-of-business firm, but this information is often received
too late to incorporate into monthly estimates, and the firm is
simply treated as a nonrespondent for that month.
Because the bias adjustments incorporated into the estimates represent a composite of a birth bias, death bias, and a
number of other differences between the sample-based estimates and the population counts, the monthly bias adjustment levels have no specific economic meaning in and of
themselves.
Table 2-B summarizes bias adjustments for the 1983-93
period. The table displays the average monthly "bias added"

168



and the average monthly "bias required" with the benchmark revisions for each year. Bias added shows the average
amount of bias which was added each month over the course
of an interbenchmark period. For example, the bias added
for 1993 is listed as 83,000; this represents the average of
bias adjustments made each month over the period April
1992 through March 1993. Bias required is computed retrospectively, after the March benchmark for a given year is
known. Bias required figures are calculated by taking the
difference between a March estimate derived purely from
the sample (i.e., a series calculated without bias adjustment)
and the March benchmark. Dividing this figure by 12 gives
the average monthly bias required figure. The bias required
is thus defined as the amount of bias adjustment which
would have achieved a zero benchmark error. The difference
between the total bias required and the total bias added is
then, by definition, approximately the benchmark revision
amount, for any given year. Also provided in the table for illustration, are the March-to-March changes. As discussed
above, the over-the-year changes indicate correlation with
the bias added and bias required figures.

THE SAMPLE
Design
The emphasis in the establishment survey is on producing
timely data at minimum cost. Therefore, the primary goal of
its design is to sample a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide reliable estimates that can be published both
promptly and regularly. The present sample allows BLS to
produce preliminary total nonfarm employment estimates
for each month, including some limited industry detail,
within 3 weeks after the reference period, and data in considerably more detail with an additional one-month lag.
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is a
form of sampling with probability proportionate to size,
known as "sampling proportionate to average size of establishment." This is an optimum allocation design among strata because sampling variance is proportional to the average
size of establishments. The universe of establishment employment is highly skewed, with a large percentage of total
employment concentrated in relatively few establishments.
Because variance on a population total estimate is a function
of percentage universe coverage achieved by the sample, it
is efficient to sample larger establishments at a higher rate
than smaller establishments, assuming the cost per sample
unit is fairly constant across size classes.
Under the establishment survey design, large establishments fall into a certainty strata for sample selection. The
size of the sample for the various industries is determined
empirically on the basis of experience and cost considerations. For example, in a manufacturing industry with a high
proportion of total employment concentrated in a small
number of establishments, a larger percent of total employment is included in the sample. Consequently, the sample

design for such industries provides for a complete census of
the large establishments, with a relatively few chosen from
among the smaller establishments. For an industry in which
a large proportion of total employment is concentrated in
small establishments, the sample design again calls for inclusion of all large establishments but also for a more substantial number of smaller ones. Many industries in the trade
and services divisions fall into this category. To keep the
sample to a size which can be handled by available resources, it is necessary to have a sample design for these industries with a smaller proportion of total universe coverage
than is the case for most manufacturing industries.
Coverage
The establishment survey is the largest monthly sampling
operation in the field of social statistics. Table 2-C shows the
latest benchmark employment levels and the approximate
proportion of total universe employment coverage, at the total nonfarm and major industry division levels. The coverage for individual industries within the divisions may vary
from the proportions shown.
Reliability
The establishment survey, like other sample surveys, is
subject to two types of error, sampling and nonsampling error. The magnitude of sampling error, or variance, is directly
related to the size of the sample and the percentage of universe coverage achieved by the sample. The establishment
survey sample covers over one-third of total universe employment; this yields a very small variance on the total nonfarm estimates. Measurements of error associated with sample estimates are provided in tables 2-D through 2-G.
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error. The sum
of sampling and nonsampling error can be considered total

survey error. Unlike most sample surveys which publish
sampling error as their only measure of error, the CES
can derive an annual approximation of total error,
on a lagged basis, because of the availability of the
independently derived universe data. While the benchmark
error is used as a measure of total error for the CES survey
estimate, technically, it actually represents the difference
between two independent estimates derived from separate
survey processes (i.e., the CES sample process and the
UI universe process) and thus reflects the errors present in
each program. Historically, the benchmark revision has been
very small for total nonfarm employment. Over the past decade, percentage benchmark error has averaged 0.2 percent,
with a range from zero to 0.6 percent. Table 2-D shows the
most current benchmark revisions, along with 10-year mean
revisions and mean absolute revisions for major industries.
Mean revisions give an indication of bias in the estimates;
unbiased estimates have a mean revision close to zero, as
over and under estimations cancel out over time. Mean absolute revisions give an overall indicator as to the accuracy of
the estimates; the larger the value, the further the estimate
was from the final benchmark level.
Estimated standard errors for employment, hours, and earnings. The hours and earnings estimates for the basic estimating cells do not have universe data sources available and
therefore are not subject to benchmark revisions, although
the broader groupings may be affected slightly by changes in
employment weights. Like the employment estimates, the
hours and earnings estimates are also subject to sampling
and nonsampling errors. Estimates of the sampling error for
employment, hour, and earnings were computed using the
method of random groups and are expressed as relative stan-

Table 2-B. March employment benchmarks and bias adjustments for total private industries, March 1983-93
Benchmark

Average monthly bias

Employment1

Revision2

Added3

Required4

Over-the-year
employment
change5

1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

72,043
76,371
79,446
81,204
83,173
86,180
89,015

-78
341
-131
-400
21
-310
-93

102
140
152
149
98
114
131

96
169
141
116
99
88
123

-1,327
4,328
3,075
1,758
1,969
3,007
2,835

1990
1991
1992
1993

90,546
88,790
88,347
89,790

-261
-583
-130
288

85
61
33
83

63
12
22
107

1,531
-1,756
-443
1,443

Year

1

Universe counts for March of each year used to make annual
benchmark adjustments to the employment estimates. About 99 percent of the benchmark employment is from unemployment insurance
administrative records, and the remaining 1 percent is from alternate
sources. Data represent benchmark levels as originally computed.
2
Difference between the final March sample-based estimate and the
benchmark level for total private employment.
3
The average amount of bias adjustment each month over the




course of an inter-benchmark period, i.e., from April of the prior year
through March of the given year.
4
The difference between the March benchmark and the March estimate derived solely from the sample without bias adjustment, converted to a monthly amount by dividing by 12.
5
March-to-March changes in the benchmark employment level.
NOTE: Data in this table exclude government employment because
there is no bias adjustment for this sector.

169

dard errors (standard error divided by the estimate). Relative
standard errors for individual industries with the specified
number of employees are presented in table 2-E and for major industries in table 2-F. Multiplying the relative standard
error by its estimated value gives the estimate of the standard
error. The errors presented here are based on averages observed from sample data over the March 1992 through
March 1993 period.
Standard errors for differences between industries and
times. The standard error of a difference is required to test for
significant differences between estimates from two different
industries. Since the estimates for the two industries are independent, the standard error of a difference is the square
root of the sum of the estimated variance of each estimate,
Si 2 and S 2 2 .
S difference

=

The CES sample overlaps almost entirely from month to
month, so monthly estimates are not independent. The
covariance between these estimates must be accounted for
when testing the significance of the change in estimates over
time. The standard error of the change can be estimated as
follows.

S change =

Vs?

+

S2 ~

every third year entire division(s) are subject to refiling. The
volume of these adjustments is generally quite large and has
a substantial impact on universe employment counts at the
industry levels, although the total nonfarm employment level remains unaffected. For example, in a year when the services division is refiled, a substantial amount of employment is usually reclassified out of services to other major divisions, thus, lowering the benchmark level for services, and
potentially causing a significant downward revision in the
services employment totals previously published.
Revisions between preliminary and final data. First preliminary estimates of employment, hours, and earnings, based
on less than the total sample, are published immediately following the reference month. Final revised sample-based estimates are published 2 months later when nearly all the reports in the sample have been received. Table 2-G presents
the root-mean-square error, the mean percent, and the mean
absolute percent revision that may be expected between the
preliminary and final employment estimates.
Table 2-C. Employment benchmarks and approximate coverage
of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 1993
Sample coverage1
Employees

ipSfc
Industry

If si = S2, then:
S change

=

y^Si

Noneconomic code changes. A major source of benchmark
revision at the major industry division level and below are
noneconomic code changes, which are introduced into the
universe data in the first quarter of each calendar year.
Approximately one-third of all establishments in the universe are included in the universe program's annual Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) refiling survey. Corrections to individual establishments SIC and ownership codes
are made through this process. The refiling cycle is such that




Number of
establishments

108,935
603
4,177
17,974

Number
(thousands)

Percent
of
benchmarks

325,021

43,564

40

3,883
26,404
59,002

258
851
9,160

43
20
51

17,567
26,367
65,892

2,528
1,154
4,843

44
20
25

6,633
29,647

24,346
77,599

2,175
7,771

33
26

2,926
4,581
11,638

(3)
5,977
17,984

2,926
3,911
7,987

100
85
69

(l-~/?)

Conservative estimates of p after one month are 0.8 for employment, 0.6 for average weekly hours, and 0.8 for average
hourly earnings.
If the bias is small, then the standard error can be used to
construct approximate confidence intervals or range of values that include the true population value. If the process of
selecting a sample from the population were repeated many
times and an estimate and its standard error calculated for
each sample, then approximately 68 percent of the intervals
from one standard error below the estimate to one standard
error above the estimate would include the true population
value.

170

Benchmarks
(thousands)

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing —
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade . . .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate ..
Services
Government:
Federal
State
Local

5,720
5,903
19,133

2

1
Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Because not all establishments report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings
estimates are based on a smaller sample than employment estimates.
2 The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete count
of employmentfor Class I railroads. A small sample is used to estimate
hours and earnings data.
3
Total Federal employment counts by agency for use in national estimates are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management.
Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State
and area estimates of Federal employment, are based on a sample of
5,342 reports covering about 60 percent of employment in Federal establishments.

Table 2-D. Current (March 1993) and historical benchmark revisions
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1993
benchmark revision

10-year average
mean percent revision1

Industry

Total

Level

Percent

Actual

263

0.2

-0.1

0.2

Absolute

288

.3

-.1

.3

287

1.3

-.4

.7

Mining
Metal mining
Coal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetaillic minerals, except fuels

13
0
4
8
1

2.2
0
3.4
2.4
1.0

-1.8
-2.7
-1.2
-2.1
-1.1

2.1
3.2
2.0
2.6
1.5

Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors

68
42
1
26

1.6
4.1
.2
1.0

-.4
-.1
-.5
-.5

1.5
2.2
1.8
1.9

206

1.1

-.4

.7

-.4

.7

-.6
-.1
-.3
-.7
-.3
-.3
-.7
-.9
.5
1.0
.5
-.3
-.5

1.4
.9
1.0
1.0
1.3
.8
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.8
1.4

Total private
Goods-producing

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products . . .
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger transit
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores

128
18
6
4
3
0
22
20
7
24
13
2
12
13

1.3
2.6
1.2
.8
.4
0

1.7
1.0
.5

1.4
1.6
.4
1.3
3.5

78

1.0

-.4

.8

24
-4
9
7
9
9
5
-4
19
2

1.5
-9.5
1.3
.7

-.6
-1.7
-.3
-.9
-.1
-.3
-.2
-.3
-.3
-1.7

1.1
4.0
.8
1.3
.6
.9
.8
1.7

1.3
.6
.5
-2.7

2.1
1.7

-24

1.6
3.3
.3

58
56
0
7
37
0
3
1
9
2
4
-2

1.0
1.6
0
1.8
2.3
0
.4
5.3
2.5
.1
.3
-.2

-.4
-.6
-.1
1.0
-.4
-2.8
-1.3
-.1
-1.6
-.1
-.2
-.1

.7
1.3
1.4
1.6
1.6
5.0
2.1
3.7
2.6
.7
1.1
.7

-152
-75
-77

-2.6
-2.2
-3.1

-.7
-.9
-.3

1.2
1.3
1.1

-40
-13
92

-.2
-1.8
3.8

.2
.6
1.3

.6
1.6
2.1

See footnotes at end of table.




171

Table 2-D. Current (March 1993) and historical benchmark revisions—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1993
benchmark revision

10-year average
mean percent revision1

Industry
Level

Percent

Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments

1
-24
-1
-20
-48
-28

(2)
-1.2
-.1
-2.5
-.7
-1.2

-.9
-.8
1.2
-.4
.6
-.2

1.0
1.2
1.6
1.5
1.2
.8

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions
Nondepository institutions
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and service
Real estate

100
10
-24
34
4
-4
64
50
14
26

1.5
.3
-1.2
7.8
.9
-1.8
2.9
3.3
2.1
2.0

-.3
-.7
-1.3
.7
-.1
-.5
.2
.5
-.3
-.2

.8
.8
1.3
1.4
.9
4.8
1.0
1.5
1.8
1.4

35
4
14
56
8
-61
11
7
-11
60
-107
-32
-5
-71
2
0
73
5
-1

.1
.9
.9
4.7
.1
-3.5
1.2
2.0
-2.7
5.3
-1.2
-.8
-.5
-4.0
.1
0
3.6
.2
-2.4

.1
2.6
.2
.1
.4
1.5
-.2
-.5
.9
.1
-.7
-.4
(2)
1.0
-1.1
1.4
2.3
.8
-.5

.5
2.6
1.4
2.3
1.4
4.1
.9
3.8
2.2
2.9
1.0
.7
1.4
2.9
1.9
3.4
3.0
1.5
1.8

-25
0
18
5
13
-43
-7
-36

-.1
0
.4
.3
.5
-.4
-.1
-.7

(2)
0
.4
.7
.2
-.1
-.1
-.2

.3
0
.7
1.3
.6
.3
.4
.3

Actual

Absolute

Retail trade—Continued

Services
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Personnel supple services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Hospitals
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services3
Services, nee
Government
Federal
State
Education
Other State government
Local
Education
Other local government
1
Data relate to the 1984-93 benchmarks, as originally published,
unless otherwise noted.

172




2 Less than 0.05 percent.
3 Data relate to 1989-93.

Table 2-E. Relative standard errors1 for estimates of employment,
hours, and earnings
(In percent)
Size of employment
estimate
50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000

Employment

Average
weekly
hours

1.3
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.3

Average
hourly
earnings

2.0
1.5
1.1
.8
.6
.5

2.9
2.4
1.9
1.4
1.1
.9

1

Relative errors were estimated with sample data from March
1992-March1993.
Table 2-F. Relative standard errors1 for estimates of
employment, hours, and earnings by industry division
(In percent)

Industry

Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods ..
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services

Employment

Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

0.1
.4
.4
.1
.2
.1

0.4
.7
.2
.2
.2
.3

0.3
1.0
.3
.4
.5
.4

.2
.2
.1

1.5
.4
.3

1.7
.3
.3

.3
.2

.5
.7

.4
.4

1
Relative errors were estimated with sample data from March
1992-March1993.

Revisions of preliminary hours and earnings estimates are
normally not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and




1 cent for hourly earnings, at the total private nonfarm level,
and may be slightly larger for the more detailed industry
groupings.
STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
(Tables B-7, B-14, and B-18)
As explained earlier, State agencies in cooperation with
BLS collect and prepare State and area employment, hours,
and earnings data. These statistics are based on the same establishment reports used by BLS, however, BLS uses the full
CES sample to produce monthly national employment estimates, while each State agency uses its portion of the sample
to independently develop a State employment estimate.
The CES area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Definitions for all areas are published each year in the issue of
Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in definitions
are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be
obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back
cover of each issue.
Caution in aggregating State data. The national estimation
procedures used by BLS are designed to produce accurate
national data by detailed industry; correspondingly the State
estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate data
for each individual State. State estimates are not forced to
sum to national totals nor vice versa. Because each State series is subject to larger sampling and nonsampling errors
than the national series, summing them cumulates individual State level errors and can cause distortions at an aggregate
level. This has been a particular problem at turning points in
the U.S. economy, when the majority of the individual State
errors tend to be in the same direction. Due to these statistical limitations, the Bureau does not compile or publish a
"sum-of-States" employment series. Additionally, BLS cautions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large
and volatile error structure, particularly at turning points.

173

Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Mean percent revision
Industry

Root-mean-squareerror
of monthly level1
Actual

Absolute

71,500

0

0.1

54,300

0

17,200

0

Mining
Metal mining 2
Coal mining^
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels 2

2,400
600
1,000
2,300
400

0
0
-0.2
.1
0

Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building 2
Special trade contractors^

9,900
4,400
4,000
6,400

.1
0
.1
.1

Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment.
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts 2
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation2
Local and interurban passenger transit2 ..
Trucking and warehousing2
Water transportation2
Transportation by air2
Pipelines, except natural gas 2
Transportation services2
Communications and public utilities
Communications2
Electric, gas, and sanitary services2
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
See footnotes at end of table.

174



11,600
8,500
1,400
1,300
1,300
1,800
1,400
2,200
2,600
3,100
4,400
3,600
2,300
1,700
1,600

0
0
0
-.1
-.1
0
0
0
0
.1
-.1
0
0

6,600
3,900
500
1,800
2,800

1,500
1,900
1,700
700
1,700
800

0
.1
0
0
0
0
0
-.1
0
-.1

.2
.8
.2
.2
.2
.1
.1
.3
.2
.5
.1

64,700

13,300
200
1,200
4,500
4,200
1,900

0
0
0
0
-.1
.2
-.3
-.4
-.1
-.1
-.1
0

.1
.2
.6
.7
.3
1.0
.5
.7
.3
.2
.2
.2

6,500
3,800
4,300

0
0
0

.1
.1
.1

9,300
7,100
2,100
3,200
15,300
2,200

Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates—Continued
Mean percent revision
Industry

Root-mean-square error
of monthly level1

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies2
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations .
Apparel and accessory stores2
Furniture and home furnishings stores2 ..
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments2
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions2
Nondepository institutions2
Security and commodity brokers2
Holding and other investment offices2 . . .
Insurance
Insurance carriers2
Insurance agents, brokers, and service2
Real estate

Actual

Absolute

12,200
3,900
11,300
7,600

.1
.1
0
0
0
-.1
.1
0
.2

.1
.2
.4
.2
.1
.5
.3
.1
.2

6,400
4,500
9,200
1,500
1,000
1,700
3,000
2,800
1,000
3,100

0
0
-.1
.1
.1
0
0
0
0
.1

.1
.1
.2
.3
.2
.6
.1
.1
.1
.2

30,800
6,100
7,200

0
-.1
.1
-.1
.1
.2
-.2
-.2
-.1
.4

.1
.6
.3
.6
.2
.5
.4
.4
1.0
.9
.1
.2
.3
.7
.5
1.0
.4
.1
.3

29,000
2,500

13,300
6,200
3,100

Services
Agricultural services2
Hotels and other lodging places 2
Personal services2
Business services
Personnel supply services2
Auto repair, services, and parking 2
Miscellaneous repair services2
Motion pictures2
Amusement and recreation services2
Health services
Hospitals2
Legal services2
Educational services2
Social services1
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens2
Membership organizations2
Engineering and management services3
Services, nee2

14,300
12,400
12,700
2,800
6,200
13,900
7,100
26,400
12,400
24,500
28,100
900
25,400
4,100
1,400

Government
Federal
State
Education2
Other State government2
Local
Education2
Other local government2

44,200
15,800
17,500
11,700
8,200
26,600
19,800
20,400

1
The root-mean-square error is the square root of the mean squared
error. The mean squared error is the square of the difference between
the final and preliminary estimates averaged across a series of
monthly observations.
2
Data based on differences from January 1990 through December




11,000

0
-.1
-.2
-.1
-.1
-.2
-.2
0
.1
0
.1
0
.1
.1

0
.1
0

.2
.4
.3
.5
.2
.2
.3
.2

1993.
3
Data based on differences from August 1990 through December
1993.
NOTE: Errors are based on differences from January 1989 through
December 1993, unless otherwise noted.

175

Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data
("C" tables)

FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor
market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under
Federal assistance programs are developed by State employment security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative
program. The local unemployment estimates which derive
from standardized procedures developed by BLS are the
basis for determining eligibility of an area for benefits under
Federal programs such as the Job Training and Partnership
Act.
Annual average data for the States and over 260 areas
shown in table C-3 are published in Employment and
Earnings (usually the May issue). For regions, States,
selected metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual
average data classified by selected demographic, social, and
economic characteristics are published in the BLS bulletin,
Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other small
areas have been prepared for administration of various
Federal economic assistance programs and may be ordered
from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The report "Unemployment in States and Local Areas" is published monthly
through GPO and is available in microfiche form only, on a
subscription basis.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment
estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, and over 6,500 areas, including nearly 2,400
LMA's, counties, and cities with a population of 25,000 or
more. The estimation methods are described below for
States (and the District of Columbia) and for sub-State areas.
At the sub-LMA level, (county and city), estimates are
prepared using disaggregation techniques based on decennial and annual population estimates and current unemployment insurance data. A more detailed description of the
estimation procedure is contained in the BLS document,
Manual for Developing Local Area Unemployment Statistics.
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force and
unemployment estimates for 11 large States—California,
Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey,
New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas—are sufficiently reliable to be taken directly from the
176




Current Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly basis. These
are termed "direct-use States." For a description of the CPS
concepts, see "Household Data," above.
For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia,
which do not use the CPS directly each month, models based
on a "signal-plus-noise" approach are used to develop
employment and unemployment estimates. These are the
"non-direct-use" States. The model of the signal is a time
series model of the true labor force which consists of three
components: A variable coefficient regression, a flexible
trend, and a flexible seasonal component. The regression
techniques are based on historical and current relationships
found within each State's economy as reflected in the
different sources of data that are available for each
State—the CPS, the Current Employment Statistics (CES)
survey, and the unemployment insurance (UI) system. The
noise component of the models explicitly accounts for
autocorrelation in the CPS sampling error and changes in the
average magnitude of the error. In addition, the models can
identify and remove the effects of outliers in the historical
CPS series. While all the State models have important
components in common, they differ somewhat from one
another to better reflect individual State characteristics.
Two models—one for the employment-to-population
ratio and one for the unemployment rate—are used for each
State. The employment-to-population ratio, rather than the
employment level, and the unemployment rate, rather than
the unemployment level, are estimated primarily because
these ratios are usually more meaningful for economic
analysis.
The employment-to-population ratio models use the relationship between the State's monthly employment from the
CES and the CPS. The models also include trend and seasonal components to account for movements in the CPS not captured by the CES series. The seasonal component accounts
for the seasonality in the CPS not explained by the CES
while the trend component adjusts for long-run systematic
differences between the two series.
The unemployment rate models use the relationship
between the State's monthly unemployment insurance
claims data and the CPS unemployment rate, along with
trend and seasonal components.
In both the employment-to-population ratio and unemployment rate models, an important feature is the use of a
technique that allows the equations to adjust
automatically to structural changes that occur. The regression portion of the model includes a built-in tuning
mechanism, known as the Kalman Filter, which revises a
model's coefficients when the new data that become
available each month indicate that changes in the data

relationships have taken place. Once the estimates are
developed from the models, levels are calculated for the
employment, unemployment, and labor force levels.
Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, monthly
estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and the District of
Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the
annual average CPS estimates. The benchmarking technique employs a procedure (called the Denton method)
which adjusts the annual average of the models to equal the
CPS annual average, while preserving, as much as possible,
the original monthly seasonal pattern of the model estimates.
In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction is required; the average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates
will equal the CPS annual averages.

These factors are applied to the CES estimates for the current
period to obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which
are added estimates for employment not represented in the
CES—agricultural employees, nonagricultural self-employed and unpaid family workers, and private household
workers.
Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the current month,
the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the estimates for each of three categories: (1) Persons who were previously employed in industries covered by State UI laws; (2)
those previously employed in industries not covered by
these laws; and (3) those who were entering the civilian labor force for the first time or reentering after a period of separation.

Estimates for sub-State areas
Monthly labor force and employment estimates for two
large sub-State areas—New York City and the Los AngelesLong Beach metropolitan area—are obtained directly from
the CPS. Estimates for the nearly 2,400 LMA's, are prepared
through indirect estimation techniques, described below.

Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employment and unemployment are prepared for the State and
LMA's within the State. The LMA estimates geographically
exhaust the entire State. Thus, a proportional adjustment
must be applied to all sub-State LMA estimates to ensure
that they add to the independently estimated State totals for
employment and unemployment.

Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilian employment estimates are based on CES data. These "place-ofwork" estimates must be adjusted to refer to place of
residence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from
place of work to place of residence have been developed for
several categories of employment on the basis of employment relationships at the time of the 1990 decennial census.

Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State estimates are revised. The revisions incorporate any changes
in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based employment figures, corrections in claims counts, and updated historical relationships. The corrected estimates are then readjusted to add to the revised (benchmarked) State estimates of
employment and unemployment.




177

Seasonal Adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp
fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in
weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major
holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. Because
these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical and
other nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating
changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to
note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation
based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates
have a broader margin of possible error than the original data
on which they are based, because they are subject not only to
sampling and other errors but are also affected by the
uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself.
Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and
establishment-based data are published monthly in Employment and Earnings.
Since January 1980, national labor force data have been
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll ARIMA
(Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was
developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the standard X-ll method. A detailed description of the procedure
appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method by
Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No.
12-564E, January 1983.
At the beginning of each calendar year, projected seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated for use during the
January-June period. In July of each year, BLS calculates
and publishes in Employment and Earnings projected
seasonal adjustment factors for use in the second half, based
on the experience through June. Revisions of historical data
for the most recent 5 years are made only at the beginning of
each calendar year. However, as a result of the revisions to
the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980 census population
counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982
were carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For
example, for each of the three major labor force
components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural
employment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age
groups (men and women under and over 20 years of age) are
separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then
added to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The
seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum of
eight seasonally adjusted civilian employment components
and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components.
178




The total for unemployment is the sum of the four
unemployment components, and the unemployment rate is
derived by dividing the resulting estimate of total
unemployment by the estimate of the labor force. Because
of the independent seasonal adjustment of various series,
components will not necessarily add to totals.
In each January issue, Employment and Earnings publishes revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor
force series based on the experience through December, new
seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate the
civilian unemployment estimate for the first 6 months of the
following year, and a description of the current seasonal
adjustment procedure.
Since the early 1980's, BLS has also used the X-ll
ARIMA procedure to seasonally adjust national establishment-based employment, hours, and earnings data. The
X-ll ARIMA program had been run once each year after
benchmarking and seasonal adjustment factors had been
projected and published for 12 months ahead (April-March).
Beginning in June 1989, with the introduction of the March
1988 benchmarks, the Bureau modified this procedure to
parallel that used in seasonally adjusting household survey
data. Projected seasonal adjustment factors are calculated
and published twice a year. Revisions of historical data are
made once a year, coincident with benchmark revisions.
All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative
models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors
are computed and applied at component levels. For
employment series, these are generally the 2-digit SIC
levels. Seasonally adjusted totals are arithmetic aggregations for employment series and weighted averages of the
seasonally adjusted data for hours and earnings series.
Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the
product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and
seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average weekly
earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are
obtained by dividing average weekly earnings, seasonally
adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index
for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), and
multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average
weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsupervisory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the
1982 annual average base. For total private, total goods-producing, total private service-producing, and major industry
divisions, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally
adjusted, are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component
industries and dividing by the 1982 annual average base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number of
series characterized by small seasonal components relative
to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These

failed or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series, however,
are used in the aggregation to broader level seasonally
adjusted series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government employment are derived from unadjusted data which include
Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal Service. The number of temporary census workers for the decennial census, however, are removed prior to the calculation of seasonal adjustment factors.
BLS has developed an extension of X-ll ARIMA to allow
it to adjust more adequately for the effects of the presence or
absence of religious holidays in the April survey reference
period and of Labor Day in the September reference period.
This extension was applied for the first time at the end of
1989 to three persons-at-work labor force series which
tested as having significant and well-defined effects in their
April data associated with the timing of Easter. This
extension was also used for the seasonal adjustment of many
of the establishment-based series on average weekly hours
and manufacturing overtime hours, starting with the computation of the projected factors for the period beginning in
April 1990. Effective with the computation of factors for the
November 1993-April 1994 period, an extension of the
moving-holiday adjustment was introduced to adjust for the
effects of elections on local government employment.
Revised seasonally adjusted national establishmentbased series based on the experience through March 1994,
new seasonal adjustment factors for May-October 1994, and
a description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure
appear in the June 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Factors for the November 1994-April 1995 period will
appear in the December issue.
Beginning in 1992, BLS introduced publication of




seasonally adjusted labor force data for the census regions
and divisions, the 50 States, and the District of Columbia
(tables C-l and C-2). Using the X-ll ARIMA procedure,
seasonal adjustment factors are computed and applied
independently to the component employment and unemployment levels and then aggregated to regional or State
totals. Current seasonal adjustment factors are produced for
6-month periods twice a year. Historical revisions are made
at the beginning of each calendar year. Because of the
separate processing procedures, totals for the Nation as a
whole differ from the results obtained by aggregating
regional or State data.
Beginning in 1993, BLS introduced publication of
seasonally adjusted nonfarm payroll employment data by
major industry for all States and the District of Columbia
(table B-7). Seasonal adjustment factors are applied directly
to the employment estimates at the division level (component series for manufacturing and trade) and then aggregated
to the State totals. The recomputation of seasonal factors and
historical revisions are made coincident with the annual
benchmark adjustments. State estimation procedures are
designed to produce accurate (unadjusted and seasonally
adjusted) data for each individual State. BLS independently
develops a national employment series; State estimates are
not forced to sum to national totals. Because each Sate series
is subject to larger sampling and nonsampling errors than the
national series, summing them cumulates individual State
level errors and can cause significant distortions at an
aggregate level. Due to these statistical limitations, BLS
does not compile a "sum-of-States" employment series, and
cautions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large
and volatile error structure.

179

INDEX TO STATISTICAL TABLES
TABLE KEY: A: Monthly household data; B: Monthly national and State and area establishment data; C: Monthly regional, State,
and area labor force data; D: Quarterly, household data only, in the January, April, July, and October issues. Annual averages:
Household data in the January issue; national establishment data in the January, March, and June issues; State and area establishment and labor force data in the May issue. For additional information see the listing on the inside front cover of this
publication.
Monthly
Topic

Absences from work
Aggregate weekly hours (Index)
Agricultural industries

Seasonally
adjusted

A-6
A-6
B-6

Earnings, weekly

B-11

Occupation
Race

B-11

D-1,4,8

D-11-14

A-21-25
A-20

D-4
D-4

D-13-14

A-34
B-2,15-18
B-2,15,15a,
17-18

A-3-5,7
A-4
B-3-5,7
A-6
A-4

A-13-17,20
A-15
A-19;B-1214
A-17-19
A-13-16,18

Family type
Full-time workers

A-5

A-16,31

Historical data

B-8-10

A-21-25; B-2,
15,18

A-6,10
A-1-3,6

A-26,32
A-35
A-14,20

A-5
B-5,8-9,11

A-34
A-16
B-12,15-18

B-7; C-1-2

B-14,18; C-3

A-3-5,8-9

Hours of work

Duration
Hispanic origin

A-12
A-4

Industry of last job
Occupation of last job
Race

A-10
A-10
A-4

Reason

A-11
A-2-5,8-9

Sex
Union affiliation
Veterans, Vietnam-era

180




D-19-21

A-15

A-13-18,20;
B-13

Jobsearch methods
Marital status
Multiple jobholders
Nonagricultural industries
Not in the labor force
Part-time workers
Production or nonsupervisory workers
State, region, and area data
Unemployment by:
Age

Not
seasonally
adjusted

A-14,19-20,
28,33

A-2-7; B-4

Sex

Seasonally
adjusted

Annual
averages

47-48
B-9
A-1-3,6,10

At work
Class of worker
Diffusion index
Discouraged workers
Earnings, hourly

Educational attainment and school enrollment
Employment by:
Age
Hispanic origin
industry

Not
seasonally
adjusted

Quarterly averges

D-1-3,5
D-2

D-11-12,15
D-11-15

D-4
D-2

D-13-14
D-11,13,15

D-1-5

D-11-15

D-3

D-13-14

D-4,8
D-1,4
D-3

D-13-14

A-13-16,26,
29-30,32
A-30-33
A-15

D-1-2,6-7

D-11-12,16

D-10
D-2

D-18
D-11-12,
16-18

A-28,33
A-27,33
A-13-16,26,
29,32
A-29-30
A-13-16,2630,32

D-8
D-8
D-2

D-11,16-20

D-9
D-1-2,6-7

D-17
D-11-12,16

A-36

D-22-23

U.S. G O V E R N M E N T P R I N T I N G O F F I C E : 1994 -

3 87 "

A-1-2; 1-2,56,12-13,15,
17-18,28,34
19-23
12-13,15-16
37
B-2,15-17;
53; 2
B-2,15,15a,
17; 39-42,
53; 2
7
3-9,14-15
4-7,11-13,18
B-1,12-13,
16-18; 1
9-13,17
3,5,7-8,1012,14,17-18
B-13; 2-18
25-26
8,12-13,32
A-1-2; B-1-2;
1-2
B-15; 19-23,
53; 2
35-36
24,33
38
A-1-2; 1-2,56,12-13,15
37
8,12-13
B-12,15-17;
52-53
1-3
3-8,24,29,31,
35
31-34
4-7,25-26,30
28,34
27,34
3,5,7-8,24-26,
30,33,35
29-31
2-8,24,27-29,
31,33,35-36
43-46
49-50
1 7 6 / 2 0 0 0 2

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Regional Office

Cooperating State Agencies
Current Employment Statistics (CES) and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Programs
BLS
fto«k>n

REGION I-BOSTON
1 Congress Street
10th Floor
Boston, MA 02114
Phone (617)565 2327
REGION II-NEW YORK
Room 808
201 Vanck Street
New York, NY 10014
Phone (212) 337-2400
REGION III—PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street, 8th Floor
Gateway Building, Suite 8000
Philadelphia, PA 19104-3309
Phone:(215)596-1154
REGION IV-ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street, NE
Atlanta, GA 30367
Phone (404) 347-4416
REGION V-CHICAGO
9th Floor
230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago. IL 60604
Phone (312) 353-1880
REGION VI-DALLAS
Room 221
Federal Building
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, TX 75202
Phone (214) 767-6970
REGIONS VII and VIII—
KANSAS CITY
City Center Square
1100 Main. Suite 600
Kansas City, MO 64105-2112
Phone:(816)426-2461
REGIONS IX and X SAN FRANCISCO
71 Stevenson Street
P 0 Box 193766
San Francisco, CA 94119
Phone: (415) 744-6600




ALABAMA

VIII MONTANA

ALASKA

VII NEBRASKA

Department of Industrial Relations, Room 427.
Industrial Relations Bldg , Montgomery 36130
Department
of Labor, Research and Analysis
X
Secuon, 1111 West 8th St, Juneau 99802-5501
Department of Economic Security, 1300 West
IX ARIZONA
Washington St.. Phoenix 85005
VI ARKANSAS
Employment Security Department •
PO Box 2981, Little Rock 72203-2981
Employment Development Department, EmployIX CALIFORNIA
ment Data and Research Division, 7000
Franklin Blvd , Bldg 1100. Sacramento 95823
Department of Labor and Employment, Suite
VII COLORADO
801, 1120 Lincoln Street, Denver 80203
I
CONNECTICUT
Labor Department, Employment Security
Division, 200 Folly Brook Blvd,
Wethersfield 06109
Department of Labor, Office of Occupational
II! DELAWARE
and Labor Market Information, PO Box 9029,
Newark 19714-9029
DIST
OF
COL
Department
of Employment Services, Division
Ill
of Labor Market Information and Analysis,
Room 201. 500 C St., NW., Washington.
DC 20001
Florida Department of Labor and Employment
IV FLORIDA
Security, Bureau of Labor Market Information,
Suite 203, 2574 Seagate Dr.. Tallahassee
32399-0674
Department of Labor, Labor Information
IV GEORGIA
Systems, 148 International Blvd . NE ,
Atlanta 30303
IX HAWAII
Department of Labor and Industrial Relations,
Research and Statistics Office, Room 304.
830 Punchbowl St., Honolulu 96813
X IDAHO
Department of Employment, 317 Main St..
Base 83735
V ILLINOIS
Department of Employment Security. (2 South),
401 South State St., Chicago 60605
V INDIANA
Department of Employment and Training
Services, Statistical Services Division,
10 North Senate Avenue.
Indianapolis 46204
VII IOWA
Department of Employment Services, 1000 East
Grand Avenue, Des Manes 50319
VII KANSAS
Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka
Avenue, Topeka 66603
IV KENTUCKY
Department for Employment Services. Labor
Market Research and Analysis Branch.
275 East Main St.. Frankiort 40621
VI LOUISIANA
Department of Labor, Research and Statistics
Section, 1001 North 23rd St., Baton Rouge
70804-9094
MAINE
I
Department of Labor, Division of Economic
Analysis and Research. 20 Union St.
Augusta 04330
III MARYLAND
Department of Employment and Training,
Research and Analyst* Division, 1100 North
Eutaw St., Baltimore 21201
I
MASSACHUSETTS Department of Employment and Training,
Government Center. Charles F. Hurley Bldg.,
Boston 02114
V MICHIGAN
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Statistics Division, Room 516, 7310
Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
V MINNESOTA
Department of Jobs and Training, Research
and Statistics Division, 5th Fl., 390 North
Robert St.. St Paul 55101
IV MISSISSIPPI
Employment Security Commission, Labor
Market Information Division, PO Box 1699,
Jackson 39215-1699
VII MISSOURI
Division of Employment Security, P.O. Box 59,
Jefferson City 65104
IV

BLS
Jtogion

IX

NEVADA

I

NEW HAMPSHIRE

II

NEW JERSEY

VI

NEW MEXICO

II

NEW YORK

IV

NORTH CAROLINA

i

VIII NORTH DAKOTA
V OHIO

VI

OKLAHOMA

X

OREGON

III

PENNSYLVANIA

II

PUERTO RICO

I

RHODE ISLAND

IV

SOUTH CAROLINA

VIII SOUTH DAKOTA
IV

TENNESSEE

VI

TEXAS

VIII UTAH

I

VERMONT

III

VIRGINIA

II

VIRGIN ISLANDS

X

WASHINGTON

III

WEST VIRGINIA

V

WISCONSIN

VIII WYOMING

Department of Labor and Industry, PO Box
1728. Helena 59624
Department of Labor, P O Box 94600, Lincoln
68509-4600
Employment Security Department, 500 East
3rd St.. Carson City 89713
Department of Employment Security, 32 South
Mam St., Concord 03301
Department of Labor, Division of Planning and
Research, P.O. Box 2765. Trenton 08625
Employment Security Commission, 401 Broad
way, TIWA Bldg , Albuquerque 87103
Department of Labor. Division of Research and
Statistics. State Campus, Room 400, Bldg 12
Albany 12240-0020
Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Dw«SJon, P.O. Box 25903.
Raleigh 27611
Job Service. P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58502
Bureau of Employment Services, Labor Market
Information Division, 1160 Dublin Rd ,
Columbus 43215
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Planning Division, 2401 North Lincoln,
Oklahoma City 73105
Employment Division, 875 Union St.. NE..
Salem 97311
Bureau of Research and Statistics
300 Capitol Associates Building
Harrisburg, PA 17120-0034
Department of Labor and Human Resources
Bureau of Labor Statistics, 17th Fl, 505 Munoz
Rivera Avenue, Hato Rey 00918 (CBS), Bureau
of Employment Security, Research and Analysis
Section, 15th Fl., 505 Munoz Rivera Avenue,
Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason
St., Providence 02903
Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Box 995,
Columbia 29202
Department of Labor, Labor Market Information
Center. P.O. Box 4730. Aberdeen 57401
Department of Employment Security. Research
and Statistics Division, 519 Cordell Hull Office
Bldg., Nashville 37219
Employment Commission, Room 208-T, 1117
Trinity St.. Austin 78778
Department of Employment Security, Labor
Market Information Services, P.O. Box 11249,
Salt Lake City 84147
Department of Employment and Training, Office
of Policy and Public Information. P.O. Box 488,
Montpelier 05602
Employment Commission, Economic Information
Services. PO Box 1358, Richmond 23211
Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
53-A. 54-A&B Kronprindsens Gade Charlotte
Amalie, St. Thomas 00801-3359 (CES)
Employment Security Department, Labor Market
and Economic Analysis Branch. 605 Woodview
Dr.. CXympta 98503
Department of Employment Security, Division
of Labor and Economic Security, 112 California
Avenue, Charleston 25305
Department of Industry, Labor, and Human
Relations, Labor Market Information Bureau,
201 East Washington Avenue. Madison 53707
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Analysis Section, P.O. Box 2760.
Casper 82602