Full text of Employment and Earnings : December 1991

The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.

EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
December 1991




U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Lynn Martin, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of
Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of
Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in
cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief
description of the cooperative statistical programs of the
BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory
Notes. The State agencies are listed on the inside back
cover.

Calendar of Features

In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.

Household data
Annual averages
Union affiliation

Jan.

Employee absences

Correspondence concerning subscriptions, including address changes and missing issues, should be sent to the
Superintendent of Documents. Phone (202) 512-2303.

Jan.

Earnings by detailed occupation

Employment and Earnings may be ordered through the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Subscription price
per year $31 domestic and $38.75 foreign. Single copy
$10 domestic and $12.50 foreign. Annual supplement $11
domestic and $13.75 foreign. Prices are subject to change
by the U.S. Government Printing Office.

Jan.

Jan.

Revised seasonally adjusted series

Jan., Feb.

Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons
not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin,
Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans, family
relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty
area data
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.
Establishment data

Communications on material in this publication should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and Earnings,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC 20212.
Specific questions concerning the data in this publication should be directed as follows: Household data,
(202) 523-1944 or 1371; national establishment data,
523-1172; State and area establishment data, 523-1227;
productivity data, 523-9261; and State and area labor
force data, 523-1002.

National annual averages:
Industry divisions (preliminary)

Jan.

Industry detail (final)

Mar.

Women employees (final)

Mar.

National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and
new seasonal adjustment factors

Second class postage paid at Washington, DC, and at
additional mailing addresses.

June

Revised historical national data
State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

Information in this publication will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
(202) 523-1221, TDD phone: (202) 523-3926, TDD
Message Referral Phone Number: 1-800-326-2577.

Supplement1

May

State and area labor force data
Matetial in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without
permission.

Annual averages

ISSN 0013-6840




1

The latest supplement was published in July 1991.

May

Employment and Earnings
Vol. 38 No. 12 December 1991

Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Eugene H. Becker

Editors' Note
In accordance with usual practice, the January issue of this publication will incorporate revisions in
seasonally adjusted unemployment and other labor force series derived from the household survey.
Seasonally adjusted data for the most recent 5 years are subject to revision each year.

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Employment and unemployment developments, November 1991

2
4

New seasonal adjustment factors for the establishment data series

6

Statistical tables:
Historical Household data
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
Not seasonally adjusted Household data
Establishment data:
Employment:
National
State and area
Hours and earnings:
National
State and area
State and area labor force data

12
51
87
15

52
68
90
114
123

Seasonally adjusted Household data
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
Productivity data
Explanatory notes




42
64
Ill
120
:

129

Monthly Household Data

Page

Employment Status
A-l.
A-2.
A-3.
A-4.
A-5.
A-6.
A-7.
A-8.
A-9.
A-10.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1958 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1980 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1958 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school
enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age., and race
Employment status of persons in families by family relationship

12
13
14
15
18
19
20
22
23
24

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-l 1.
A-12.
A-13.
A-14.
A-l5.
A-16.
A-17.
A - l 8.
A-19.
A-20.

Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used

.

25
26
27
28
29
29
30
31
32
32

Characteristics of the Employed
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.

Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
Employed civilians by industry and occupation
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor par-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and ful- or part-time status

33
34
35
36
37
37
38
38
39
40
41

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data




A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed in the
United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic
origin, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted

42
43
44
46
47
47
48
49
50
50

Monthly Establishment Data

Page

Employment-National
B-l.
B-2.
B-3.
B-4.
B-5.
B-6.
B-7.

Employees on nonfarn payrolls by major industry, 1940 to date
Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

51
52
63
64
65
66
67

Employment-States and Areas
B-8.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

68

Hours and Earnings-National
C-l.

Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by detailed industry
C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles
(SIC 3761) manufacturing
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
C-7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls, seasonally adjusted

87
90
108
109
110
Ill
112
113

Hours and Earnings-States and Areas
C-8.

Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and
selected areas

114

Productivity Data

C-9.
C-10.
C-l 1.

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry,
seasonally adjusted
Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation.
unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates

120
121
122

Monthly State and Area Labor Force Data




D-l. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas

123

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, November 1991

The Nation's labor market weakened in November, as
the number of workers on employers' payrolls fell. There
were large employment declines in construction, partly
due to severe weather conditions, and pre-holiday hiring in
retail trade fell far short of its normal levels. The unemployment rate remained at 6.8 percent in November and
has changed little since March.
Unemployment
The unemployment situation was again virtually unchanged in November. The unemployment rate, 6.8 percent, was the same as in October, remaining 1.3 percentage
points higher than when the recession began in July 1990.
The number of persons unemployed, 8.5 million in November, was 1.7 million higher. (See table A-33.)
There was also very little month-to-month change in
unemployment within the major population groups. The
jobless rate for adult men was 6.3 percent and that for
adult women was 5.9 percent, not significantly different
than in October. Since mid-year, the rate for adult men has
receded a bit, while the women's rate has been on a slow
upswing. The teenage unemployment rate was 18.5 percent in November, also little changed from the prior
month. The jobless rate for white workers was 6.1 percent,
the rate for blacks was 12.1 percent, and the rate for persons of Hispanic origin was 10.2 percent. The number of
persons unemployed for more than 6 months increased by
180,000 to 1.3 million. (See tables A-33, A-34, and A-40.)
Total employment and the labor force
Total employment edged down by about 200,000 in
November. At 117.0 million, employment was about 1.1
million less than when the recession started. The proportion of the working-age population with jobs (the employment-population ratio) was 61.3 percent, about a point
and a half below its level in July 1990. (See table A-33.)
The number of persons in the labor force also edged
down in November to 125.3 million, seasonally adjusted,
and was only 575,000 above its year-earlier level. In contrast, during the 1980's, labor force growth averaged nearly 2 million per year. The labor force participation rate
(which represents the proportion of the working-age population either employed or actively seeking employment)
declined in November to 65.8 percent. The rate for whites
has changed little over the past year, while black participa-




tion has trended downward. This decline was particularly
pronounced for black youth. (See tables A-33 and A-34.)
Industry payroll employment
Nonfarm payroll employment showed a seasonally
adjusted decline of about 240,000 in November, erasing
the job gains that had occurred in recent months. Large job
losses occurred in construction and retail trade. A portion
of the overall decline was attributable to the normal semiannual updating of the factors used in seasonally adjusting
the data.
The number of construction jobs fell by 95,000, seasonally adjusted, as continued weakness in the industry was
compounded by severe weather conditions in some parts
of the country. Employment in manufacturing edged
down for the third month in a row. The November decline
was concentrated in durable goods industries, especially
industrial machinery (in which 8,000 were out on strike)
and primary and fabricated metals. In contrast, the number of jobs in auto manufacturing rose, offsetting declines
in the prior 2 months. (See table B-4.)
Employment in retail trade fell by 110,000, as the level
of pre-holiday hiring in department stores and specialty
shops was well below that in recent years and seasonal
declines in eating and drinking places were greater than
normal. Wholesale trade employment continued to edge
down. Over the past 16 months, the number of wholesale
trade jobs has declined by nearly 200,000.
Following 3 months of fairly strong gains, employment
growth in the services industry moderated in November.
Continued growth in health services was just about offset
by losses in business and other services.
Weekly hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls edged up 0.1 hour
in November to 34.4 hours. The manufacturing workweek
was unchanged at 40.9 hours, while factory overtime rose
slightly to 3.8 hours. Both the workweek and overtime in
factories continued to be high by recent standards. (See
table C-5.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of private production or nonsupervisory workers edged down by 0.1 percent
to 121.4 (1982=100) in November, seasonally adjusted.
The manufacturing index was also down by 0.1 percent to

102.5. Both decreased by more than 1 percent over the past
year. (See table C-6.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of private production or nonsupervisory workers rose 0.4 percent in November after




seasonal adjustment. Average weekly earnings increased
by 0.7 percent. Before seasonal adjustment, average hourly earnings edged up 2 cents to $ 10.46, while average weekly earnings fell by 36 cents to $358.78. Over the year, both
average hourly and weekly earnings rose by 3.0 percent.
(See tables C-l and C-7.)

Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month

Release date

Reference month

Release date

December

January 10

March

April 3

January

February 7

April

May 8

February

March 6

May

June 5

New Seasonal Adjustment
Factors for the Establishment
Data Series

Mary Lee Seifert
The Bureau of Labor Statistics computes and publishes
projected seasonal adjustment factors twice a year for use
in seasonally adjusting establishment-based employment,
hours, and earnings data. Tables 1-6 present factors for all
published series for the 6-month period November 1991
through April 1992. The annual revision of historical
seasonally adjusted data will not occur until June 1992,
with the release of the new benchmarks and the next semiannual update of seasonal adjustment factors, which will
cover May through October 1992.
The seasonal factors provided in this issue were derived
using data from January 1981 through October 1991. For
a few series characterized by a small seasonal component
relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components,
seasonally adjusted data are not published. These series
Mary Lee Seifert is a supervisory economist in the Branch of National
Estimates in the Division of Monthly Industry Employment Statistics,
Bureau of Labor Statistics.




are identified in tables 2, 4, and 6.
Seasonal adjustment factors are computed and applied
at component levels, which for published series are generally the 2-digit SIC level in manufacturing and major
division levels elsewhere. Seasonally adjusted totals are
arithmetic aggregations for employment series and
weighted averages of the seasonally adjusted data for
hours and earnings series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for all establishment-based
series are computed using the X-l 1 ARIMA procedure. A
general description of this procedure and the moving-holiday adjustment applied to many hours series appears in
the January 1991 issue of this publication, in the article
entitled "Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Labor Force
Series." Additional information on the procedure is available in the June 1991 issue of this publication in the article
"BLS Establishment Estimates Revised to March 1990
Benchmarks."




Table 1. Seasonal adjustment factors for employees on nonfarm payrolls by
industry
1991

1992

Industry
Mar.

Nov.

Dec.

Mining
Oil and gas extraction

100.8
100.8

100.1
100.7

98.3
99.5

97.8
99.1

98.1
98.5

99.0
98.8

Construction
General building contractors

102.7
101.9

98.7
99.7

91.6
94.0

90.3
92.7

91.9
93.6

96.4
95.9

100.1
101.1
101.2
100.1
100.0
100.7
99.9
100.5
100.3
100.2
100.1
101.7

99.1
100.8
99.3
100.2
100.2
100.6
100.3
100.3
100.6
100.8
100.4

97.6

96.7
99.8
98.3

96.7
99.6
96.3
99.6
99.5
99.2
100.2
99.5
98.8
97.2
99.8
99.0

97.1
99.6
97.4
99.7
99.5
99.3
100.1
99.5
99.0
97.9
99.8
99.4

98.0
99.6
99.2
99.7
99.4
99.4
100.0
99.5
99.8
99.8
99.8
99.3

100.8
103.7
100.5
100.9
100.0
100.4
99.7
100.5
100.4
100.9

99.4
107.1

99.5

97.3
105.4
99.6
99.1
99.5
100.1
99.5
97.2
99.4
98.8

96.9
102.6
99.4
99.7
99.4
100.0
99.7
97.1
99.3
99.2

96.6
97.7
99.3
99.7
99.4
100.0
99.8
97.8
99.3
99.2

96.7
92.9
99.5
99.9
99.3
100.0
99.7
99.0
99.6
99.3

Total

Jan.

Feb.

Apr.

1

2

Manufacturing1
Durable goods1
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment2
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

99.6

100.0

96.6
99.9
100.1

99.4
100.1

99.8
98.8

1

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

99.9
100.1
100.1
100.6
99.9
98.8
100.2

1

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and public utilities

101.4
99.9

101.6
99.9

98.6
99.5

98.3
99.4

98.6
99.5

99.1
99.6

Wholesale trade1
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

100.1
100.5

100.1
100.1

99.5
98.7

99.4
98.6

99.5
98.9

99.7
99.4

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations ...
Eating and drinking places

101.7
107.2
101.3
100.0
99.4

103.1

111.3
102.2
99.5
99.5

98.9
102.7
99.8
98.8
96.0

97.4
96.7
99.0
98.4
96.1

97.8
95.8
98.9
98.7
97.7

98.6
96.1
98.8
99.3
99.4

99.9
99.7
99.1

100.0
99.9
98.8

99.7
99.9
96.5

99.7

99.8

100.0

96.4

100.0
97.3

99.7
99.9
98.8

100.0

99.7

100.9
99.9

100.4

98.4
98.3
99.8

99.1
98.1
99.8

99.7
98.5
99.9

100.1
98.9
99.8

99.5
102.9
102.6

99.7
101.9
102.0

99.2
98.9

99.5
102.2
102.0

99.5
102.7
102.4

99.8
102.6
102.2

Finance, insurance, and real estate1
Finance
Insurance
Real estate2
Services
Business services
Health services
Government
Federal
State
Local

99.9

1

1
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by
aggregation of the component series.
2
No ARIMA models were identified to extend the

100.3

unadjusted series for one year. Factors shown are
projected using X-11 without the ARIMA option.




Table 2. Seasonal adjustment factors for women employees on nonfarm payrolls by
industry
1991

1992

Industry
Nov.
Total

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

1

Mining

98.9

99.0

98.6

99.3

99.2

100.0

100.5

99.6

97.6

97.0

97.5

98.7

Durable goods1
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

99.8
101.3
101.1
100.4
100.8
100.1
100.6
100.5
100.3
102.3

99.6
100.9
100.4
99.9
100.4
100.4
100.3
100.2
100.4
99.4

98.2
100.2
98.5
99.4
99.5
100.1
99.9
99.2
99.7
97.3

97.1
99.5
98.2
99.2
99.1
100.2
99.6
99.2
99.7
98.6

97.8
99.3
98.4
99.5
99.2
100.0
99.5
99.1
99.8
99.2

98.6
99.7
98.7
99.9
99.4
99.8
99.5
99.7
99.8
99.2

Nondurable goods1
Food and kindred products2
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products2
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

101.9
107.2
100.7
101.0
100.4
100.4
99.5
(3)
100.5
101.4

99.4
107.9
99.9
100.2
100.1
100.6
99.8

96.1

95.5
104.4
99.2
99.9

94.8
89.2
99.5

99.5
(3)
99.2
98.7

94.8
96.0
99.4
99.8
98.8
100.0
99.7
(3)
99.5
98.8

100.1
99.0
100.2
99.5
(3)
99.5
98.8

Transportation and public utilities

100.7

99.7

99.7

99.8

99.1

99.4

99.3

97.2

97.5

98.3

99.5

99.7

99.8

99.7

100.2

100.3

99.2
102.6
103.1

99.1
103.0
103.6

99.2
102.9
103.3

2

Construction .
1

Manufacturing

Wholesale trade
Retail trade2
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services2
Government1
Federal
State
Local
1
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by
aggregation of the component series.
2
No ARIMA models were identified to extend the
unadjusted series for one year. Factors shown are
projected using X-11 without the ARIMA option.

100.9
102.5
99.8
100.1
99.8
103.1
103.7

107.1

(3)
100.2

99.3
99.5
98.6
100.1
99.2
(3)
99.6

99.5

98.6

100.9

99.8

100.8

99.3

104.4

99.0

100.0

99.5

100.0

99.0

99.9
102.1
103.1

99.3
99.3
101.4

98.5
100.0

3
Seasonal adjustment factors are not computed
because the seasonal component is small relative to
the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and
consequently cannot be separated with sufficient
precision.




Table 3. Seasonal adjustment factors for production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry
1992

1991
Industry
Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

Nov.

Dec.

101.3

100.0

97.8

97.3

97.5

99.0

103.5

98.4

89.7

88.0

90.0

95.4

Durable goods2
Lumber and wood products3
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products3
Miscellaneous manufacturing

100.0
101.2
101.5
100.1
99.9
100.9
99.9
100.6
100.3
100.2
100.6
102.0

99.0
100.9

97.4
100.0
96.0
100.0
100.3
99.2
100.4
100.0
98.3
96.1
100.0
97.8

96.6
99.6
95.6
99.5
99.5
99.0
100.4
99.5
98.3
96.5
99.6
98.8

97.0
99.5
97.2
99.6
99.4
99.1
100.4
99.4
98.6
98.0
99.3
99.2

98.0
99.5
99.1
99.7
99.4
99.2
100.1
99.5
99.8
99.7
99.5
99.3

Nondurable goods2
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

101.2
105.2
100.6
101.0
100.2
100.5
99.6
100.8
100.6
100.9

99.3

96.6
107.6
99.6
98.9
99.4
100.1
99.3
95.9
99.3
98.7

96.1
104.0
99.3
99.7
99.3
99.9
99.7
95.8
99.1
99.2

95.7
96.7
99.3
99.8
99.2
100.1
99.8
96.8
99.4
98.9

95.7
91.1
99.5
99.9
99.1
100.2
99.7
98.7
99.5
99.1

Transportation and public utilities

101.0

101.1

98.7

98.5

98.7

99.2

Wholesale trade

100.3

100.1

99.0

98.9

99.1

99.5

Retail trade

101.9

103.5

98.8

97.2

97.5

98.4

99.5

99.7

98.9

98.8

99.1

99.5

100.0

99.7

98.1

99.0

99.6

100.2

Total private

Jan.

2

Mining

Construction
2

Manufacturing

Finance, insurance, and real estate

Services
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction;
and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and
public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.

99.0
100.2
100.2
100.8
100.4
100.2
100.8
100.8
100.7

99.4
99.2
109.8
99.9
100.1
100.1
100.9
99.8
98.2
100.3

2
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by
aggregation of the component series.
3
No ARIMA models were identified to extend the
unadjusted series for one year. Factors shown are
projected using X-11 without the ARIMA option.




Table 4. Seasonal adjustment factors for average weekly hours of production or
nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
1991

1992

Industry
Nov.

100.7

Total private

Dec.

101.9

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

2

3

Mining

99.9

99.2

98.7

98.7

98.5
99.2
97.5

97.4
98.1
97.3
98.9
98.7
98.9
99.6
99.4
98.7
97.4
100.0
99.2

98.9
98.5
98.3
99.4
98.8
99.4
99.9
99.7
99.7
99.5
100.1
99.7

99.1
97.2
99.1
98.5
98.4
98.8
98.8
98.5
98.4
95.9
99.5
98.6

97.8
(4)
98.4
99.4
98.9
99.3
99.5

98.4
(4)
99.1
99.4
99.1
100.2
100.0
(4)

97.6
(4)
97.1

O

Construction
2

Manufacturing

Durable goods2
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries3
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods2
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products5
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products3
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Transportation and public utilities3 5
Wholesale trade3
Retail trade5

99.9
100.6
100.9
101.8

100.7
102.7
99.7
101.3
101.2
101.9
102.3
102.4
101.5
100.9
102.2
101.4

101.1

101.6

99.5
100.7
100.9
100.8
100.8
101.0
100.5
101.0

0
100.8
100.8
101.0
100.8
100.7
(4)
100.5

99.0
100.0
99.9
99.0

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services3
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction;
and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and
public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by
aggregation of the component series.
3
No moving-holiday adjustment was done for
April because there was no evidence of significant
effects associated with the relative timing of Easter

10

O
100.4
100.7
101.8
101.6
101.7

O
101.1
101.1
100.3
100.5
101.7

100.1
100.2

99.4
100.2
100.1

99.3
98.8
99.9
99.4
99.3
(4)
99.1

99.0
100.1
99.2
100.1

(4)
99.9
99.0
98.6
99.2
97.6

0
99.1

99.4
98.8

99.0

99.1

99.0

99.6

99.2

98.2

97.7

96.5

97.9
98.6
99.9
(4)
97.3

96.9
99.9
99.8

100.0

0
99.7

99.9

99.5

99.5

99.6

100.0

and the reference period of the payroll survey.
4
Seasonal adjustment factors are not computed
because the seasonal component is small relative to
the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and
consequently cannot be separated with sufficient
precision.
5
No ARIMA models were identified to extend the
unadjusted series for one year. Factors shown are
projected using X-11 without the ARIMA option.




Table 5. Seasonal adjustment factors for average weekly overtime hours of production
workers on manufacturing payrolls
1991

1992

Industry group
Nov.

Dec.

105.6
106.3

109.3
103.8

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

1

Manufacturing

Durable goods
Nondurable goods
1

Seasonally adjusted data are derived by

94.3
94.5

90.5
89.4

95.4
93.6

88.2
82.9

aggregation of the component series.

Table 6. Seasonal adjustment factors for average hourly earnings of production or
nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
1992

1991
Industry division
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

Total private2
99.4

99.9

101.2

100.6

100.3

100.4

Construction

100.1

100.3

100.5

99.7

99.7

99.9

Manufacturina

100.0

100.5

100.1

99.9

100.0

99.9

99.8

100.3

100.3

100.1

100.2

100.3

Transoortation and Dublic utilities

100.1

100.2

100.2

100.3

99.8

100.0

Wholesale trade3

100.0

100.4

100.3

100.3

99.9

100.4

Retail trade

100.3

99.9

100.5

100.1

100.0

100.4

99.9

100.2

100.6

100.7

100.1

100.7

100.4

100.8

100.9

100.7

100.3

100.4

Mininq

Excluding overtime

Finance insurance, and real estate3
Services3
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction;
and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and
public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.

2
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by
aggregation of the component series.
3
No ARIMA models were identified to extend the
unadjusted series for one year. Factors shown are
projected using X-11 without the ARIMA option.

11

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1958 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Year
and
month

Noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Civilian
Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
1958
1959

115,574
117,117

69,486
70,157

60.1
59.9

64,883
66,418

1,847
1,788

63,036
64,630

5,586
5,565

57,450
59,065

4,602
3,740

6.6
5.3

46,088
46,960

I9601
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

119,106
120,671
122,214
124,422
126,503
128,459
130,180
132,092
134,281
136,573

71,489
72,359
72,675
73,839
75,109
76,401
77,892
79,565
80,990
82,972

60.0
60.0
59.5
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.8
60.2
60.3
60.8

67,639
67,646
68,763
69,768
71,323
73,034
75,017
76,590
78,173
80,140

1,861
1,900
2,061
2,006
2,018
1,946
2,122
2,218
2,253
2,238

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.4
6.5
5.4
5.5
5.0
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.4

47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602

1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979

139,203
142,189
145,939
148,870
151,841
154,831
157,818
160,689
163,541
166,460

84,889

97,826
100,665
103,882
106,559

61.0
60.7
60.9
61.3
61.7
61.6
62.0
62.6
63.5
64.0

80,796
81,340
83,966
86,838
88,515
87,524
90,420
93,673
97,679
100,421

2,118
1,973
1,813
1,774
1,721
1,678
1,668
1,656
1,631
1,597

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.8
5.8
5.5
4.8
5.5
8.3
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8

54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

169,349
171,775
173,939
175,891
178,080
179,912
182,293
184,490
186,322
188,081

108,544
110,315
111,872
113,226
115,241
117,167
119,540
121,602
123,378
125,557

64.1
64.2
64.3
64.4
64.7
65.1
65.6
65.9
66.2
66.8

100,907
102,042
101,194
102,510
106,702
108,856
111,303
114,177
116,677
119,030

1,604
1,645
1,668
1,676
1,697
1,706
1,706
1,737
1,709
1,688

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169
3,199

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
109,232
111,800
114,142

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528

7.0
7.5
9.5
9.5
7.4
7.1
6.9
6.1
5.4
5.2

60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
62,888
62,944
62,523

1990

189,686

126,424

66.6

119,550

1,637

117,914

3,186

114,728

6,874

5.4

63,262

86,355
88,847

91,203
93,670
95,453

106,434

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1990:
November ,
December ,

190,312
190,483

126,338
126,791

66.4
66.6

119,001
119,191

1,615
1,617

117,386
117,574

3,185
3,253

114,201
114,321

7,337
7,600

5.8
6.0

63,974
63,692

1991:
January ....
February...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November

190,592
190,717
190,703
190,836
190,980
191,173
191,443
191,589
191,746
191,903
192,057

126,253
126,678
126,786
127,128
126,690
127,134
126,818
126,520
127,231
127,163
126,862

66.2
66.4
66.5
66.6
66.3
66.5
66.2
66.0
66.4
66.3
66.1

118,537
118,520
118,214
118,854
118,049
118,389
118,316
118,032
118,789
118,581
118,363

1,615
1,602
1,460
1,456
1,458
1,505
1,604
1,616
1,624
1,614
1,605

116,922
116,918
116,754
117,398
116,591
116,884
116,712
116,416
117,165
116,967
116,758

3,163
3,222
3,098
3,156
3,272
3,308
3,239
3,266
3,306
3,195
3,302

113,759
113,696
113,656
114,243
113,319
113,576
113,474
113,150
113,859
113,772
113,457

7,715
8,158
8,572
8,274
8,640
8,745
8,501
8,488
8,442
8,582
8,499

6.1
6.4
6.8
6.5
6.8
6.9
6.7
6.7
6.6
6.7
6.7

64,339
64,039
63,917
63,708
64,291
64,039
64,625
65,069
64,515
64,740
65,195

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for

12




seasonal variation.
NOTE: Revisions of seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data
(shown in tables A-1 through A-3 and A-32 through A-53) for tr>e most
recent 5-year period are made at the end of each calendar year.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1980 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force

Sex, year,
and month

Noninstitutional
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Unemployed
Civilian

Resident
Armed
Forces

Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
MEN
1980
1931
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

80,877
82,023
83,052
84,064
85,156
86,025
87,349
88,476
89,404
90,283

62,932
63,486
63,979
64,580
65,386
65,967
66,973
67,784
68,474
69,360

77.8
77.4
77.0
76.8
76.8
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.6
76.8

58,665
58,909
57,800
58,320
60,642
61,447
62,443
63,684
64,820
65,835

1,479
1,512
1,529
1,533
1,551
1,556
1,551
1,577
1,547
1,520

57,186
57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892
62,107
63,273
64,315

2,709
2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2.535
2,511
2,543
2,493
2,513

54,477
54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381
59,564
60,780
61,802

4,267
4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530
4,101
3,655
3,525

6.8
7.2
9.7
9.7
7.3
6.9
6.8
6.1
5.3
5.1

17,945
18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376
20,692
20,930
20,923

1990

91,122

69,705

76.5

65,906

1,472

64,435

2,507

61,928

3,799

5.4

21,417

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

November
December

91,440
91,537

1991:
January
February...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November

91,590
91,650
91,587
91,652
91,720
91,839
92,023
92,100
92,185
92,270
92,356

70,058

69,543
69,749
69,855
69,704
69,793
69,821
69,652
70,261
69,831

76.4
76.5

65,790
65,781

1,453
1,454

64,337
64,327

2,518
2,572

61,819
61,755

4,109
4,277

5.9
6.1

21,541
21,479

75.9
76.1
76.2
76.2
76.0
76.0
75.9
75.6
76.2
75.9
75.6

65,251
65,043
64,846
65,112
64,746
64,750
64,820
64,770
65,285
65,142
65,060

1,453
1,439
1,314
1,310
1,303
1,345
1,431
1,442
1,449
1,440
1,432

63,798
63,604
63,532
63,802
63,443
63,405
63,389
63,328
63,836
63,702
63,628

2,466
2,520
2,456
2,504
2,596
2,640
2,586
2,580
2,594
2,535
2,590

61,331
61,084
61,076
61,298
60,847
60,765
60,803
60,748
61,241
61,167
61,038

4,292
4,706
4,962
4,743
4,957
5,043
5,001
4,882
4,976
4,856
4,771

6.2
6.7
7.1
6.8
7.1
7.2
7.2
7.0
7.1
6.9
6.8

22,047
21,901
21,779
21,797
22,017
22,046
22,202
22,448
21,924
22,272
22,525

42,117
43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706
50,334
51,696
53,027

656
667
665
680
653
644
652
666
676
687

41,461
42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054
49,668
51,020
52,341

3,370
3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707
3,324
3,046
3,003

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.5
5.3

42,861
42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376
42,195
42,014
41,601

53,479

679

52,800

3,075

Annual averages
WOMEN
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

88,472
89,751
90,887
91,827
92,924
93,886
94,944
96,013
96,918
97,798

45,611
46,829
47,894
48,646
49,855
51,200
52,568
53,818
54,904
56,198

51.6
52.2
52.7
53.0
53.7
54.5
55.4
56.1
56.6
57.5

42,241
43,133
43,395
44,190
46,061
47,409
48,861
50,494
51,858
53,195

1990

98,564

56,719

57.5

53,644

124
133
139
143
146
150
155
160
162
168

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
•990!
November.
December.
1991:
January
February...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November

98,872
98,946

56,439
56,733

57.1
57.3

53,211
53,410

162
163

53,049
53,247

667
681

52,382
52,566

3,228
3,323

5.7
5.9

42,433
42,213

99,002
99,067
99,116
99,184
99,260
99,334
99,421

56,710
56,929
56,978
57,273
56,986
57,341
56,997
56,868
56,971
57,165
57,031

57.3
57.5
57.5
57.7
57.4
57.7
57.3
57.2
57.2
57.4
57.2

53,287
53,477
53,368
53,742
53,303
53,639
53,496
53,262
53,505
53,438
53,303

162
163
146
146
155
160
173
174
175
174
173

53,125
53,314
53,222
53,596
53,148
53,479
53,323
53,088
53,330
53,264
53,130

697
703
642
651
676
668
653
685
712
660
712

52,428
52,611
52,580
52,945
52,473
52,811
52,670
52,402
52,618
52,605
52,419

3,423
3,452
3,610
3,531
3,683
3,702
3,500
3,606
3,466
3,726
3,728

6.0
6.1
6.3
6.2
6.5
6.5
6.1
6.3
6.1
6.5
6.5

42,292
42,138
42,138
41,911
42,274
41,993
42,424
42,621
42,590
42,468
42,670

99,561
99,633
99,701

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.




41,845

2

2

The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-3.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1958 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Year
and
month

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Total

Percent of
population

Employed

Unemployment rates
Unemployed

Total

Men

Women

Annual averages
1958
1959

113,727
115,329

67,639
68,369

59.5
59.3

63,036
64,630

4,602
3,740

6.8
5.5

6.8
5.2

6.8
5.9

I9601
1961
19621
1963.
1964,
1965.
1966
1967,
1968
1969

117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8

5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7

1970,
1971
19721
19731
1974,
1975,
1976,
1977,
19781
1979.

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1

5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

1980.
1981 .
1982.
1983.
1984.
1985.
19861
1987.
1988.
1989.

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613
186,393

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9
66.5

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3

6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9
6.2
5.5
5.2

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.6
5.4

1990.

188,049

124,787

66.4

117,914

6,874

5.5

5.6

5.4

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1990:
November.
December.

188,697
188,866

124,723
125,174

66.1
66.3

117,386
117,574

7,337
7,600

5.9
6.1

6.0
6.2

5.7
5.9

188,977
189,115
189,243
189,380
189,522
189,668
189,839
189,973
190,122
190,289
190,452

124,638
125,076
125,326
125,672
125,232
125,629
125,214
124,904
125,607
125,549
125,257

66.0
66.1
66.2
66.4
66.1
66.2
66.0
65.7
66.1
66.0
65.8

116,922
116,918
116,754
117,398
116,591
116,884
116,712
116,416
117,165
116,967
116,758

7,715
8,158
8,572
8,274
8,640
8,745
8,501
8,488
8,442
8,582
8,499

6.2
6.5
6.8
6.6
6.9
7.0
6.8
6.8
6.7
6.8
6.8

6.3
6.9
7.2
6.9
7.2
7.4
7.3
7.2
7.2
7.1
7.0

6.1
6.1
6.4
6.2
6.5
6.5
6.2
6.4
6.1
6.5
6.6

1991:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the

14




Explanatory Notes.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1991
Not in labor force

Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Unemployed

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

190,452
13,250
6,597
6,652
17,874
107,829
42,235
20,056
22,179
39,024
20,570
18,454
26,570
14,656
11,914
21,130
10,547
10,583
30,370
10,043
8,207
12,120

Percent
of
population

Employed

125,396
6,492
2,507
3,985
13,572
90,118
35,314
16,641
18,673
33,360
17,547
15,813
21,444
12,211
9,233
11,747
7,017
4,730
3,467
2,070
897
500

65.8
49.0
38.0
59.9
75.9
83.6
83.6
83.0
84.2
85.5
85.3
85.7
80.7
83.3
77.5
55.6
66.5
44.7
11.4
20.6
10.9
4.1

117,110
5,271
1,966
3,305
12,127
85,093
32,943
15,464
17,480
31,670
16,543
15,128
20,479
11,681
8,798
11,276
6,734
4,542
3,344
1,992
862
489

8,286
1,221
541
680
1,445
5,026
2,371
1,177
1,193
1,690
1,005
685
965
530
436
472
284
188
123
78
34
11

90,924
6,679
3,372
3,307
8,714
52,825
20,816
9,873
10,943
19,129
10,115
9,014
12,881
7,154
5,727
10,013
5,033
4,980
12,692
4,562
3,611
4,520

68,207
3,348
1,235
2,113
7,096
49,113
19,500
9,158
10,343
18,028
9,555
8,473
11,584
6,581
5,004
6,677
3,940
2,736
1,974
1,113
553
307

75.0
50.1
36.6
63.9
81.4
93.0
93.7
92.8
94.5
94.2
94.5
94.0
89.9
92.0
87.4
66.7
78.3
54.9
15.6
24.4
15.3
6.8

63,538
2,662
957
1,705
6,321
46,263
18,179
8,504
9,676
17,048
8,964
8,085
11,035
6,274
4,761
6,397
3,773
2,623
1,895
1,058
535
301

99,528
6,570
3,225
3,346
9,160
55,003
21,419
10,183
11,236
19,895
10,455
9,440
13,689
7,502
6,187
11,117
5,514
5,603
17,678
5,481
4,597
7,600

57,189
3,143
1,272
1,871
6,475
41,006
15,813
7,483
8,331
15,332
7,993
7,340
9,860
5,630
4,230
5,071
3,077
1,994
1,494
957
343
193

57.5
47.8
39.4
55.9
70.7
74.6
73.8
73.5
74.1
77.1
76.4
77.8
72.0
75.0
68.4
45.6
55.8
35.6
8.4
17.5
7.5
2.5

53,572
2,609
1,009
1,600
5,805
38,830
14,764
6,960
7,804
14,622
7,579
7,043
9,444
5,407
4,037
4,879
2,960
1,919
1,449
934
327
189

Percent
of
labor
force

Other
reasons

9,443
5,850
3,795
2,055
2,223
1,331
854
540
314
346
226
120
130
80
51
23
18
5
16
2
13

3,831
27
9
17
85
1,656
345
136
209
586
282
304
725
337
388
853
433
420
1,211
265
247
698

25,995
464
188
276
633
3,330
1,096
587
510
1,035
547
488
1,198
506
693
4,407
1,279
3,128
17,161
5,040
4,714
7,406

591
11
9
2
40
284
124
66
58
78
41
37
82
38
44
91
37
55
165
51
51
63

4,771
3,054
2,015
1,039
1,183
522
393
268
125
99
59
40
31
19
11
7
8
4
_
_
4

2,098
20
7
13
50
1,079
234
97
137
378
173
204
467
227
240
498
265
234
451
127
100
224

15,257
247
106
140
345
1,828
564
284
280
546
286
261
717
289
428
2,740
783
1,957
10,099
3,271
2,906
3,921

25,197
406
88
317
1,322
11,110
4,501
2,087
2,414
3,618
1,926
1,692
2,990
1,485
1,505
4,009
1,763
2,245
8,351
2,616
2,296
3,439

4,672
2,797
1,781
1,016
1,040
808
461
272
189
247
166
81
100
60
39
16
10
6
11
_
2
9

1,734
7
2
5
35
578
111
38
73
208
109
99
258
110
149
354
168
186
760
139
147
474

10,737
218
82
136
288
1,502
532
302
230
489
262
227
481
217
264
1,667
496
1,172
7,062
1,769
1,808
3,485

Keeping
house

6.6
18.8
21.6
17.1
10.6
5.6
6.7
7.1
6.4
5.1
5.7
4.3
4.5
4.3
4.7
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.6
3.8
3.8
2.2

65,056
6,758
4,091
2,667
4,302
17,710
6,921
3,415
3,506
5,664
3,022
2,641
5,126
2,445
2,681
9,383
3,530
5,853
26,903
7,973
7,310
11,619

25,787
417
97
319
1,362
11,393
4,625
2,153
2,473
3,696
1,967
1,729
3,072
1,523
1,549
4,100
1,800
2,300
8,516
2,667
2,347
3,502

4,669
686
278
408
775
2,850
1,321
654
667
980
591
388
549
306
243
280
167
113
79
55
18
6

6.8
20.5
22.5
19.3
10.9
5.8
6.8
7.1
6.4
5.4
6.2
4.6
4.7
4.7
4.8
4.2
4.2
4.1
4.0
4.9
3.3
2.1

22,717
3,331
2,138
1,193
1,617
3,713
1,315
715
600
1,101
560
541
1,296
573
723
3,337
1,093
2,244
10,718
3,449
3,057
4,213

3,617
534
263
272
670
2,176
1,050
523
527
710
413
297
417
224
193
192
117
75
44
23
16
5

6.3
17.0
20.7
14.5
10.4
5.3
6.6
7.0
6.3
4.6
5.2
4.0
4.2
4.0
4.6
3.8
3.8
3.8
2.9
2.4
4.7
2.4

42,339
3,427
1,953
1,474
2,685
13,997
5,606
2,700
2,906
4,563
2,462
2,100
3,829
1,872
1,957
6,046
2,437
3,609
16,184
4,524
4,253
7,407

Number

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Total

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over




15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1991
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian

Not in labor force
Unemployed

nnnincti

noninsiitutional
population

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

7,055
4,342
2,808
1,534
1,687

2,922

22,372

19
8
11
65

333
135
198
405

995
639
408
231
255
155
100
102
62
39
20
16
4
11
_
2
9

1,249

2,477

253
101
152
457
218
239
540
246
294
629
318
311
960
204
201
555

741
394
347
810
426
384
926
379
547
3,749
1,036
2,713
15,408
4,463
4,238
6,707

1,602

13,207

13
5
9
38
798
164
68
96
283
126
157
351
165

174
71
102
217

WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

161,949
10,596
5,259
5,337
14,631
91,187
35,232
16,644
18,588
33,189
17,383
15,806
22,766
12,553
10,213
18,331
9,083
9,248
27,204
8,922
7,385
10,897

107,550
5,602
2,232
3,370
11,464
76,976
29,839
14,030
15,809
28,552
14,934
13,618
18,585
10,553
8,033
10,359
6,161
4,199
3,149
1,867

77,939
5,360
2,695
2,665
7,194
45,236
17,567
8,268
9,299
16,498
8,672
7,826
11,171
6,179
4,993
8,751
4,373
4,378
11,399
4,075
3,253
4,071

59,147
2,871
1,089
1,781
6,029
42,517
16,668
7,772
8,896
15,661
8,266
7,395
10,188
5,760
4,428
5,939
3,484
2,455
1,792
1,004

84,010
5,236
2,564
2,672
7,437
45,951
17,665
8,376
9,289
16,691
8,711
7,980
11,595
6,375
5,220
9,580
4,710
4,871
15,805
4,847
4,132
6,825

48,403
2,731
1,143
1,588
5,436
34,459
13,171
6,258
6,913
12,891
6,668
6,223
8,397
4,792
3,605
4,420
2,676
1,744
1,357

57.6
52.2
44.6
59.4
73.1
75.0
74.6
74.7
74.4
77.2
76.5
78.0
72.4
75.2
69.1
46.1
56.8
35.8

862
317
178

17.8

822
460

66.4
52.9
42.4
63.1
78.4
84.4
84.7
84.3
85.0
86.0
85.9
86.2
81.6
84.1
78.7
56.5
67.8
45.4
11.6
20.9
11.1

42
.

101,205
4,662
1,802
2,860
10,454
73,112
28,100
13,185
14,915
27,202
14,152
13,051
17,809
10,127
7,683
9,941
5,904
4,037
3,037
1,794

793
449

6,346

59
.

940
430
510

16.8
19.3
15.1

1,010
3,864
1,739

88
.
50
.
58
.
60
.
57
.
47
.
52
.
42
.
42
.
40
.
44
.
40
.
42
.
39
.
36
.
39
.
36
.
22
.

845
893
1,350

782
568
776
426
350
419
257
162
112
72
30
10

54,399
4,994
3,026
1,967
3,167
14,211
5,393
2,614
2,779
4,637
2,449
2,188
4,181
2,001
2,180
7,972
2,923
5,049
24,055
7,055
6,563
10,437

22,050

18,792
2,489
1,605

407
4
4
24
185
74
35
39
51
21
24
60
28
32
63
27
36
132
45
33
54

3,575
2,298
1,525

21,643

3,480
2,044
1,283

300
76
224
1,010
9,490
3,762
1,712
2,049
3,115
1,650
1,465
2,614
1,314
1,300
3,574
1,552
2,022
7,677
2,389
2,122
3,166

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

505
282

75.9
53.6
40.4
66.8
83.8
94.0
94.9
94.0
95.7
94.9
95.3
94.5
91.2
93.2
88.7
67.9
79.7
56.1
15.7
24.6
15.5

69
.

55,449
2,353

869
1,484
5,454
40,237
15,650
7,274
8,376
14,859
7,789
7,070
9,729
5,502
4,227
5,685
3,330
2,355
1,720

953
490
277

3,698

63
.

518
220
297
575

18.0
20.2
16.7

884
1,165
2,719

499
520
803
477
325
459
258

95
.
54
.
61
.
64
.
58
.
51
.
58
.
44
.
45
.
45
.

200

4.5

254
154
100
72
51
16
5

43
.
44
.
41
.
40
.
51
.
31
.
18
.

565
2,812

2,280
1,018

899
496
404
836
406
430
984
418
889
1,923
9,607
3,070
2,748
3,789

773
886
380
290
205
84
71
38
33
19
13

1,356

371
188
184
431
214
217
553
212
342

6

185

7
8

379
198
181
373
104
80
189

2,363

1,320

9,164

6
3
3
28
451
88
33
55
174
92
81
189
81
108
250
120
130
586
99
121
366

159
63
96
188

4
_
4

655
1,707
9,098
2,921
2,635
3,543

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

16




86
.
77
.
26
.

45,756
2,309

933
1,376
5,000
32,875
12,450
5,911
6,540
12,344
6,363
5,981
8,080
4,625
3,455
4,256
2,574
1,682
1,316

841
303
172

2,647

55
.

422
210
213
435

15.5
18.3
13.4

1,585

721
347
374
547
305
242
317
167
150
164
103
62
41
21
14
5

80
.
46
.
55
.
55
.
54
.
42
.
46
.
39
.
38
.
35
.
42
.
37
.
38
.
35
.
30
.
25
.
44
.
29
.

35,607
2,505
1,421
1,084
2,002
11,492
4,494
2,119
2,375
3,801
2,043
1,757
3,197
1,582
1,615
5,160
2,034
3,127
14,448
3,985
3,815
6,648

296
72
224
986
9,305
3,688
1,678
2,010
3,064
1,622
1,441
2,554
1,285
1,268
3,511
1,525
1,987
7,545
2,344
2,089
3,113

761
801
616
349
202
147
185
117
68
82
49
33
12
8
5
7
2
5

1,121

369
206
164
379
212
167
373
167
205
1,387

381
1,006
6,310
1,542
1,604
3,164

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)
November 1991
Not in labor force

Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

21,745
2,083
1,044
1,040
2,465
12,456
5,354
2,631
2,723
4,354
2,388
1,965
2,748
1,513
1,236
2,154
1,126
1,028
2,586
895
658
1,033

13,482
679
201
479
1,626
9,901
4,232
2,035
2,197
3,611
1,985
1,626
2,059
1,191
867
1,022
629
393
252
154
65
33

62.0
32.6
19.2
46.0
66.0
79.5
79.0
77.4
80.7
82.9
83.1
82.7
74.9
78.8
70.2
47.5
55.9
38.2
9.8
17.1
10.0
3.2

11,847
442
106
336
1,261
8,918
3,684
1,747
1,937
3,326
1,788
1,538
1,908
1,113
795
984
607
377
242
148
61
33

1,635
237
95
142
365
983
548
288
260
285
197
87
151
79
72
39
23
16
10
5
5
1

12.1
34.9
47.2
29.7
22.5
9.9
13.0
14.2
11.8
7.9
9.9
5.4
7.3
6.6
8.3
3.8
3.6
4.1
4.1
3.4

8,263
1,404
843
561
839
2,555
1,122
596
526
743
403
340
690
321
369
1,132
497
635
2,334
742
593

2,818
110
21
89
281
1,341
632
338
294
396
204
193
312
132
180
393
184
209
694
231
181
281

1,690
1,171
779
392
347
165
99
57
42
49
44
5
16
10
6
3
2
1
4

797
8
1
6
17
355
82
32
49
120
61
60
153
76
77
202
104
98
215
54
37
124

2,958
115
41
74
194
695
309
168
140
177
95
82
209
104
106
534
206
327
1,420
456
374
590

9,783
1,033
528
504
1,132
5,600
2,430
1,195
1,235
1,950
1,072
878
1,220
701
519
969
495
474
1,048
390
287
372

6,719
366
108
259
817
4,860
2,133
1,043
1,091
1,743
956
786
984
578
406
535
321
214
140
78
43
20

68.7
35.5
20.4
51.3
72.2
86.8
87.8
87.3
88.3
89.4
89.2
89.5
80.7
82.5
78.2
55.2
64.9
45.1
13.4
19.9
14.9
5.4

5,925
236
64
171
654
4,385
1,880
915
965
1,595
856
739
910
541
369
518
308
209
133
74
40
19

794
131
43
87
163
476
253
128
125
148
100
48
75
38
37
17
13
5
8
4
3
1

11.8
35.7
40.3
33.8
19.9
9.8
11.9
12.3
11.5
8.5
10.5
6.0
7.6
6.5
9.2
3.2
3.9
2.2
5.4
4.9

3,064
666
421
246
315
740
297
152
145
208
116
92
236
123
113
434
174
260
908
312
244
352

143
7
6
1
15
75
38
26
13
23
10
13
14
7
7
18
4
14
28
2
15
10

811
588
383
206
178
44
31
18
13
9
6
3
4
5

425
7
3
4
12
244
64
27
36
85
44
41
95
51
44
105
59
46
58
17
15
26

1,685
65
30
35
109
377
163
80
83
90
55
35
123
60
63
311
111
200
823
293
214
315

11,962
1,051
515
535
1,333
6,855
2,924
1,436
1,488
2,403
1,316
1,087
1,528
812
716
1,185
631
554
1,538
505
371
661

6,763
313
93
220
809
5,041
2,098
992
1,106
1,868
1,029
839
1,074
613
461
487
308
179
112
76
23
14

56.5
29.8
18.0
41.1
60.7
73.5
71.8
69.1
74.4
77.7
78.2
77.2
70.3
75.5
64.4
41.1
48.8
32.3
7.3
15.0
6.1
2.0

5,922
207
42
165
607
4,533
1,803
832
971
1,731
932
800
998
572
426
466
298
168
109
74
21
14

841
106
51
55
203
508
295
160
135
137
97
40
76
41
35
21
10
11
3
1
2

12.4
33.9
55.3
24.9
25.0
10.1
14.1
16.1
12.2
7.3
9.4
4.7
7.0
6.7
7.5
4.4
3.3
6.3
2.6
1.9

5,200
738
422
315
524
1,814
825
444
382
535
287
248
454
199
255
698
323
375
1,426
429
348
648

2,675
104
16
88
265
1,265
594
312
282
373
193
180
298
125
173
375
180
195
666
229
166
271

880
583
396
187
169
120
68
38
30
40
38
2
12
5
7
3
2
1
4

372
1

1,273
50
12
38
85
318
145
88
57
86
40
47
86
43
43
223
95
128
598
163
160
275

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years

55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

2
5
111
18
5
13
35
17
18
58
25
33
97
45
51
157
37
23
98

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1991
Civilian labor force
Age and sex

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

28,503
2,654
1,339
1,315
3,243
16,641
7,003
3,412
3,591
5,835
3,187
2,648
3,804
2,102
1,701
2,799
1,464
1,335
3,166
1,121
822
1,223

17,846
890
275
615
2,107
13,142
5,475
2,611
2,864
4,808
2,614
2,194
2,859
1,658
1,201
1,388
857
532
319
204
74
41

62.6
33.5
20.5
46.8
65.0
79.0
78.2
76.5
79.8
82.4
82.0
82.9
75.2
78.9
70.6
49.6
58.5
39.8
10.1
18.2
90
.
33
.

15,905
609
164
446
1,672
11,981
4,843
2,279
2,564
4,468
2,391
2,077
2,669
1,554
1,115
1,335
830
505
308
198
70
40

229
7
4
3
11
146
55
21
34
50
27
23
41
17
24
38
20
17
27
23
3
1

15,676
603
160
443
1,661
11,835
4,788
2,258
2,530
4,418
2,364
2,055
2,628
1,538
1,091
1,297
809
488
280
175
66
39

1,941
280
111
170
435
1,161
632
332
300
340
223
117
190
104
86
53
27
26
11
6
5
1

10.9
31.5
40.3
27.6
20.6
8.8
11.5
12.7
10.5
71
.
8.5
5.3
6.6
6.3
7.1
3.8
3.1
5.0
3.5
2.7

10,657
1,764
1,064
700
1,135
3,499
1,528
801
727
1,027
573
454
945
444
501
1,411
607
803
2,847
918
748
1,182

12,985
1,320
678
642
1,520
7,590
3,249
1,605
1,643
2,632
1,443
1,189
1,709
975
734
1,263
660
603
1,293
487
358
449

9,060
478
145
332
1,067
6,595
2,833
1,386
1,447
2,367
1,289
1,078
1,396
820
576
737
456
281
182
109
48
25

69.8
36.2
21.5
51.8
70.2
86.9
87.2
86.3
88.1
89.9
89.3
90.7
81.7
84.1
78.4
58.4
69.1
46.7
14.1
22.3
13.4
56
.

8,089
309
88
221
868
6,026
2,530
1,230
1,300
2,190
1,175
1,015
1,306
773
534
712
443
269
174
105
45
24

187
7
4
3
9
113
42
17
25
39
23
15
32
11
21
35
18
16
24
20
4
1

7,902
303
84
219
859
5,913
2,488
1,213
1,275
2,151
1,151
1,000
1,274
762
513
677
425
252
150
85
42
23

971
168
58
111
200
570
303
156
147
177
114
63
90
48
42
25
13
13
8
4
3
1

10.7
35.3
39.6
33.4
18.7
8.6
10.7
11.2
10.2
7.5
8.8
5.8
6.4
5.8
7.3
3.4
2.8
4.5
4.2
3.5
(1)

3,925
842
532
310
453
994
416
220
196
265
154
111
313
155
158
525
204
321
1,111
378
310
423

15,518
1,334
661
673
1,723
9,052
3,754
1,807
1,947
3,203
1,744
1,460
2,095
1,127
967
1,536
804
732
1,873
634
464
774

8,786
412
129
283
1,040
6,547
2,642
1,225
1,417
2,441
1,325
1,117
1,463
838
625
651
400
250
137
95
26
16

56.6
30.9
19.5
42.0
60.4
72.3
70.4
67.8
72.8
76.2
76.0
76.5
69.8
74.3
64.6
42.4
49.8
34.2
73
.
14.9
57
.
20
.

7,816
300
76
224
805
5,955
2,314
1,049
1,264
2,278
1,216
1,062
1,363
782
582
623
386
237
133
93
24
16

7,775
300
76
224
803
5,922
2,301
1,045
1,256
2,267
1,212
1,055
1,354
776
578
620
384
235
130
90
24
16

970
112
53
59
235
591
329
176
153
163
108
55
100
56
43
28
14
14
3
2
2

11.0
27.2
41.1
20.8
22.6
9.0
12.4
14.4
10.8
6.7
8.2
4.9
6.8
6.7
6.9
4.3
3.5
5.5
2.5
1.8

Employed
Percent
of
population

Total

Agriculture

Unemployed
Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

V)

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

18




2
33
13
4
9
11
4
7
9
6
3
3
2
1
3
3

6,732
922
532
390
683
2,505
1,112
581
530
762
419
343
632
289
343
886
404
482
1,736
539
438
759

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Men, 20 years and
over

Totl
a
Employment status and
race

iu

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

188,697
124,821
66.1
117,611
3,056
114,555
7,211
58
.
63,875

190,452
125,396
65.8
117,110
3,181
113,929
8,286
66
.
65,056

83,092
64,622
77.8
61,200
2,261
58,939
3,422
53
.
18,470

84,245
64,859
77.0
60,876
2,364
58,512
3,983
61
.
19,386

91,963
53,394
58.1
50,751
609
50,142
2,643
50
.
38,568

92,958
54,046
58.1
50,963
661
50,302
3,082
57
.
38,912

13,642
6,805
49.9
5,660
186
5,474
1,145
16.8
6,837

13,250
6,492
49.0
5,271
156
5,115
1,221
18.8
6,758

160,831
107,013
66.5
101,739
2,847
98,892
5,274
49
.
53,818

161,949
107,550
66.4
101,205
2,952
98,253
6,346
59
.
54,399

71,785
56,101
78.2
53,536
2,100
51,436
2,565
46
.
15,683

72,579
56,277
77.5
53,096
2,183
50,913
3,181
57
.
16,302

78,108
45,098
57.7
43,210
573
42,637
1,888
42
.
33,010

78,774
45,672
58.0
43,447
620
42,828
2,225
49
.
33,102

10,938
5,813
53.1
4,992
173
4,819
821
14.1
5,125

10,596
5,602
52.9
4,662
150
4,512
940
16.8
4,994

21,417
13,608
63.5
11,969
135
11,834
1,639
12.0
7,809

21,745
13,482
62.0
11,847
172
11,674
1,635
12.1
8,263

8,543
6,348
74.3
5,637
106
5,531
711
11.2
2,196

8,750
6,353
72.6
5,689
146
5,543
663
10.4
2,397

10,720
6,452
60.2
5,808
22
5,786
644
10.0
4,268

10,912
6,450
59.1
5,715
22
5,693
735
11.4
4,462

2,153
809
37.5
524
7
517
285
35.2
1,345

2,083
679
32.6
442
4
438
237
34.9
1,404

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force




19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1991
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Unemployed

Part
time1

Full
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

15,755
10,193
5,562

7,591
4,262
3,329

48.2
41.8
59.9

6,619
3,545
3,074

1,164
267
897

5,456
3,279
2,177

972
717
255

125
57
69

847
660
187

12.8
16.8
7.7

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

7,463
8,292
7,128
1,163

2,879
4,712
3,661
1,051

38.6
56.8
51.4
90.3

2,284
4,336
3,342
993

137
1,027
414
613

2,147
3,309
2,928
380

596
376
319
58

48
77
53
24

547
300
266
34

20.7
8.0
8.7
5.5

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,980
5,174
2,806

3,690
2,079
1,611

46.2
40.2
57.4

3,159
1,698
1,461

623
137
486

2,536
1,561
975

531
381
150

72
40
32

459
341
118

14.4
18.3
9.3

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,977
4,003
3,464
538

1,488
2,203
1,702
501

37.4
55.0
49.1
93.0

1,177
1,983
1,507
476

92
531
223
308

1,084
1,452
1,284
168

311
220
195
25

25
47
36
11

286
173
159
14

20.9
10.0
11.5
5.0

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,775
5,019
2,756

3,901
2,183
1,718

50.2
43.5
62.3

3,460
1,847
1,613

541
130
411

2,919
1,718
1,202

441
335
105

53
16
36

388
319
69

11.3
15.4
6.1

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,486
4,289
3,664
625

1,391
2,510
1,959
550

39.9
58.5
53.5
88.1

1,107
2,353
1,835
518

45
496
191
306

1,063
1,857
1,645
212

284
156
124
33

23
30
18
12

261
126
106
20

20.4
6.2
6.3
5.9

12,703
8,151
4,552

6,604
3,757
2,847

52.0
46.1
62.6

5,852
3,189
2,663

1,039
248
792

4,813
2,941
1,872

752
568
184

87
42
45

665
526
139

11.4
15.1
6.5

Men
Women

6,410
6,293

3,198
3,406

49.9
54.1

2,783
3,069

562
477

2,221
2,592

415
337

52
35

363
302

13.0
9.9

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

5,811
6,892
5,935
957

2,511
4,094
3,206
888

43.2
59.4
54.0
92.8

2,052
3,800
2,956
843

125
915
370
545

1,928
2,885
2,587
298

458
294
249
45

32
55
38
17

426
239
212
27

18.3
7.2
7.8
5.0

2,159
1,548
611

628
352
276

29.1
22.8
45.2

460
231
229

76
14
62

385
217
167

168
121
47

31
13
18

137
108
29

26.7
34.4
17.0

Men
Women

1,085
1,074

302
327

27.8
30.4

225
236

35
41

190
195

77
91

18
13

58
79

25.5
27.9

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

1,284
875
737
137

255
373
273
101

19.9
42.7
37.0
73.4

142
318
230
89

6
70
26
44

137
248
203
45

113
55
43
12

12
19
12
7

101
36
31
5

44.2
14.8
15.8
12.1

1,355
965
390

574
333
241

42.4
34.5
61.9

483
252
231

123
30
93

360
222
138

91
81
10

12
9
3

79
72
7

15.9
24.3
4.3

Men
Women

666
689

287
287

43.2
41.7

237
247

57
66

180
180

51
40

9
4

42
37

17.7
14.1

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

801
554
408
145

223
351
219
132

27.9
63.4
53.7
90.8

150
333
202
131

19
104
26
78

132
229
176
53

73
19
18
1

4
8
8

68
11
10
1

32.6
5.3
8.0
.8

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

See footnotes at end of table.

20




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1991
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
15,368
3,057
12,311

12,472
2,230
10,242

81.2
72.9
83.2

10,778
1,726
9,053

8,804
1,100
7,704

1,974
626
1,349

1,694
504
1,190

1,504
428
1,076

189
76
114

13.6
22.6
11.6

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

3,748
7,650
2,566
1,404

2,334
6,414
2,380
1,344

62.3
83.8
92.8
95.8

1,753
5,578
2,187
1,260

1,345
4,444
1,864
1,151

408
1,134
323
109

580
836
193
84

527
733
172
72

54
103
21
12

24.9
13.0
8.1
6.3

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,413
1,505
5,908

6,754
1,269
5,485

91.1
84.3
92.8

5,825
964
4,861

5,002
669
4,333

823
295
527

929
305
625

874
279
595

55
26
29

13.8
24.0
11.4

1,879
3,797
1,168
569

1,552
3,534
1,119
549

82.6
93.1
95.8
96.6

1,199
3,092
1,028
506

977
2,621
933
471

221
471
95
35

353
442
91
43

331
421
83
39

22
20
8
4

22.8
12.5
8.1
7.9

7,955
1,552
6,404

5,718
961
4,757

71.9
61.9
74.3

4,954
762
4,192

3,802
431
3,370

1,152
330
822

764
199
565

630
149
481

134
50
84

13.4
20.7
11.9

1,869
3,853
1,398
835

782
2,880
1,261
795

41.8
74.7
90.2
95.2

555
2,486
1,159
754

368
1,823
931
680

186
663
228
74

227
394
102
41

195
312
89
33

32
82
13
8

29.0
13.7
8.1
5.1

12,524
2,444
10,079

10,462
1,845
8,617

83.5
75.5
85.5

9,264
1,473
7,791

7,662
958
6,704

1,601
515
1,087

1,198
372
826

1,064
314
750

134
58
76

11.5
20.2
9.6

Men
Women

6,144
6,380

5,702
4,760

92.8
74.6

5,024
4,240

4,378
3,284

646
956

678
521

636
428

42
93

11.9
10.9

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

3,036
6,088
2,143
1,256

1,991
5,265
1,996
1,211

65.6
86.5
93.1
96.4

1,539
4,718
1,863
1,144

1,202
3,836
1,585
1,040

337
882
278
104

452
547
133
67

403
482
122
57

49
65
11
10

22.7
10.4
6.7
5.6

2,390
536
1,854

1,677
327
1,350

70.2
61.1
72.8

1,243
211
1,031

924
115
608

319
96
223

434
116
318

387
99
288

47
17
30

25.9
35.4
23.6

Men
Women

1,080
1,310

882
796

81.7
60.7

665
578

513
410

152
167

217
218

203
184

13
34

24.6
27.4

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

614
1,356
340
80

285
1,005
313
75

46.4
74.1
92.1
93.5

173
739
264
67

109
522
230
63

65
216
34
4

111
266
49
8

106
229
43
8

5
36
6

39.1
26.5
15.7
11.1

2,166
506
1,660

1,582
324
1,259

73.0
64.0
75.8

1,342
262
1,080

1,123
191
932

219
71
148

240
61
179

225
48
177

15
13
2

15.2
18.9
14.2

Men
Women

1,158
1,008

1,044
538

90.1
53.4

880
462

759
364

122
98

164
76

159
66

5
10

15.7
14.1

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1,211
759
164
31

783
623
151
24

64.7
82.1
92.3
(2)

637
548
133
24

530
451
118
24

107
97
16

146
75
18

138
69
18

9
6

18.7
12.1
11.9
(2)

Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and




college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.

21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Employed

Total

Veteran status
and age
Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Unemployed
Percent of
labor force

Number
Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 35 years and over
35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 years and over

7,689
6,494
1,319
3,223
1,952
1,195

7,818
6,408
1,072
2,955
2,381
1,410

7,044
6,179
1,236
3,080
1,863
865

7,068
6,010
988
2,787
2,235
1,058

6,702
5,878
1,166
2,937
1,776
824

6,743
5,720
919
2,652
2,150
1,023

342
301
71
143
87
41

325
290
70
134
85
35

4.9
4.9
5.7
4.6
4.7
4.7

4.6
4.8
7.1
4.8
3.8
3.3

17,812
8,137
5,474
4,202

18,783
8,539
5,939
4,305

16,767
7,745
5,143
3,879

17,581
8,086
5,573
3,921

15,985
7,361
4,948
3,676

16,643
7,605
5,316
3,722

782
385
195
203

938
481
257
199

4.7
5.0
3.8
5.2

5.3
5.9
4.6
5.1

NONVETERANS
Total, 35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data

22




are limited to those 35 to 49 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
November 1991
Employed

Unemployed
Part time

Full time
Sex, age, and race

Total

Full-time
schedules1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time

Total

Voluntary1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

6,649
484
69
416
6,164
1,145
5,019
4,560
459

1,638
736
472
264
902
300
601
466
136

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

95,930
1,367
128
1,239
94,563
8,601
85,962
75,186
10,776

93,774
1,272
118
1,154
92,501
8,331
84,170
73,636
10,534

2,156
95
10
84
2,062
270
1,792
1,551
241

21,180
3,904
1,838
2,067
17,276
3,526

16,998
3,507
1,780
1,727
13,491
2,751

13,750
9,906
3,844

10,740
7,395
3,345

4,182
397
58
339
3,785
775
3,010
2,511
499

Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

56,525
806
55,719
4,819
50,900
44,154
6,746

55,128
753
54,375
4,648
49,727
43,132
6,595

1,397
53
1,344
171
1,173
1,021
151

7,013
1,857
5,157
1,502
3,654
2,109
1,545

5,260
1,656
3,604
1,140
2,464
1,106
1,358

1,753
201
1,552
362
1,190
1,003
187

3,997
319
3,678
627
3,050
2,744
306

673
367
306
147
159
106
53

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

39,405
561
38,844
3,782
35,062
31,033
4,029

38,646
520
38,126
3,683
34,443
30,503
3,939

759
41
718
98
619
529
90

14,167
2,048
12,119
2,023
10,096
7,797
2,299

11,738
1,852
9,886
1,611
8,275
6,289
1,987

2,429
196
2,233
413
1,820
1,508
312

2,652
165
2,487
517
1,969
1,816
153

965
369
596
153
443
360
83

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

49,491
719
48,773
4,222
44,551
38,570
5,981

48,304
673
47,632
4,074
43,557
37,713
5,845

1,187
46
1,141
148
994
857
136

5,957
1,634
4,323
1,232
3,091
1,668
1,424

4,626
1,476
3,150
961
2,189

923
1,266

1,332
159
1,173
271
902
745
158

3,148
229
2,919
459
2,460
2,185
276

550
289
262
116
145
95
50

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

33,151
487
32,663
3,274
29,390
25,901
3,489

32,549
456
32,094
3,189
28,905
25,489
3,415

601
32
570
85
485
411
74

12,605
1,821
10,784
1,727
9,057
6,974
2,083

10,591
1,658
8,933
1,388
7,545
5,713
1,832

2,014
164
1,851
338
1,512
1,261
252

1,896
127
1,768
336
1,433
1,298
135

751
295
456
100
357
286
70

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,174
74
5,101
474
4,626
4,076
550

5,020
68
4,952
455
4,497
3,959
538

154
6
148
19
129
117
13

750
162
589
180
409
309
100

418
125
294
104
190
117
73

332
37
295
76
219
192
27

718
77
641
145
496
472
24

76
54
22
18
5
4
1

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4,807
55
4,751
396
4,356
3,957
399

4,689
49
4,641
384
4,257
3,867
390

117
7
111
12
98
90
8

1,115
152
964
211
753
577
176

774
126
648
144
504
384
120

341
25
316
67
249
193
56

655
35
619
161
458
445
14

186
71
115
42
74
63
11

White

Black

Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according




to whether they usually work full or part time.

23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)

November 1991
Civilian labor force

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Family relationship
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

Percent
of
Number
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

Total, 16 years and over1

99,900

66.3

93,379

6,521

6.5

50,748

20,861

8,406

2,639

18,842

Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force

39,987
26,723
1,204
12,060

77.4
91.2
90.8
57.4

38,307
25,708
1,051
11,548

1,680
1,015
153
512

4.2
3.8
12.7
4.2

11,649
2,563
122
8,964

227
118
4
104

206
114
4
88

1,034
437
33
563

10,182
1,893
81
8,208

Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force

30,612
26,759
1,168
2,685

59.3
69.9
69.5
23.0

29,286
25,708
1,015
2,563

1,326
1,051
153
122

4.3
3.9
13.1
4.6

21,024
11,548
512
8,964

15,906
9,996
433
5,478

404
330
14
59

498
181
18
298

4,217
1,040
48
3,129

Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

12,466
4,168
4,513
3,785

61.8
48.9
73.9
68.2

10,911
3,485
4,050
3,376

1,555
683
463
409

12.5
16.4
10.3
10.8

7,716
4,356
1,594
1,766

661
115
137
409

5,375
3,987
1,227
161

342
16
32
294

1,337
239
198
900

Women who maintain families

7,187

61.5

6,542

644

9.0

4,499

2,878

304

273

1,044

Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

5,675
1,236
1,573
2,867

58.4
43.5
70.8
61.7

4,765
928
1,319
2,518

910
308
253
349

16.0
24.9
16.1
12.2

4,037
1,608
649
1,780

810
87
138
585

1,747
1,367
312
68

346
9
19
318

1,135
144
180
811

Men who maintain families

2,257

75.3

2,047

210

9.3

742

58

44

78

562

Relatives in families maintained by men ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,716
235
438
1,044

61.3
49.1
71.3
61.1

1,521
194
383
944

196
41
55
100

11.4
17.3
12.6
9.6

1,083
243
176
664

321
13
33
275

326
199
110
17

68

367
32
33
302

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families
where the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the
Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women

24




68

who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates
shown in other tables in this publication because of differences in
definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men

Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons

Women
Unemployment
rates

Thousands of
persons

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

4,067
1,573
556

4,669

6.0
3.7
7.7
10.5

6.8
4.4
8.2
11.9

3,144

3,617
1,415
772

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,046
1,296

3,698

415

493

2,647
1,185
553

1,615

6.3
4.2
8.1
10.6

2,228
1f062
465

1,335

5.1
3.4
6.9
8.8

701

909

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

856
207
120
529

218
95
482

12.6
6.5
12.2
20.2

11.8
6.7
9.4
19.6

783
130
203
449

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,752
1,456
530
766

3,209

4.8
3.5
7.5
8.1

5.6
4.3
8.0
9.2

White, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,109
1,205

2,606

4.2
3.3
6.8
6.7

5.2
4.1
8.0
8.4

1,524
910
431
183

1,790
1,025

396
508

1,481
471
653

Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

522
183
115
224

501
206
89
206

9.5

5.9
12.0

9.0
6.5
8.9

15.4

14.8

493
112
192
189

532
166
168
198




1,938

1,876
600
2,194

1,591

794

1,752
570
886

Unemployment
rates
Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

5.6
4.0
6.0
8.6

6.3
4.5
6.7
10.1

4.7
3.8
5.1
6.4

5.5
4.2
6.0
8.2

841
184
181
476

11.5
5.3

10.6
18.4

12.4
7.7
9.7
19.1

2,107
1,084

2,412
1,228

644

697
487

4.5
3.7
5.9
5.7

5.1
4.1
6.3
7.2

3.8
3.5
4.9
3.7

4.4
3.9
5.5
5.5

8.7
4.8

10.2

9.4
7.2
9.2

13.0

13.1

1,264
688
1,192

380

1,430

491
273

25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Unemployment rates
Total

Total

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

7,211

Men

Women

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

8,286

5.8

6.6

6.0

6.8

5.6

6.3

630
367
264

852
460
392

2.0
2.4
1.6

2.6
3.0
2.3

2.1
2.5
1.7

2.5
2.5
2.6

1.8
2.3
1.5

2.8
3.7
2.2

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,718
102
791
824

1,938
113
871
954

4.5
2.6
5.4
4.2

5.1
2.9
5.8
5.0

4.1
3.4
3.8
4.9

4.6
3.4
4.5
5.4

4.7
1.7
6.9
4.0

5.4
2.3
7.1
4.9

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,208
52
80

1,424
80

8.2
9.8
4.9
8.5

7.1

8.7

O

O

3.7
8.3

4.5
10.0

7.1
5.9
5.5
7.3

7.8
9.5
7.0
7.7

Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

1,076

101
1,243

7.1
6.1
3.9
7.7

942
200
537
205

1,099
243
586
270

6.5
4.4
9.5
4.9

7.7
5.1
11.2
6.4

6.5
4.2
9.5
4.3

7.8
5.3
11.2
5.8

7.1
7.9
8.6
6.7

7.5
2.2
10.1
8.2

1,814
758
332
724
205
518

1,845
763
302
779
232
547

9.2

9.0
7.6
6.2
13.7

9.5
8.3
5.9

9.9
10.0
6.2
11.3

9.8
10.2
3.4
11.6

21.6
11.5

9.6
9.1
5.7
14.2
24.6

21.5

12.0

Farming, forestry, and fishing

236

324

7.0

9.1

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

648
437

764
512
109
143

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

26



126
85

8.6
6.2

13.3

11.8

14.7
24.2
12.3

10.7

10.8

6.7

9.0

8.3

9.5

O

0

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

I
Jnemployment rates

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

7,211

8,286

58
.

5,626

6,465

35
796

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience




Men

Total

Total

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Women

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

66
.

60
.

68
.

56
.

63
.

60
.

69
.

63
.

73
.

57
.

65
.

68
904

46
.
12.8

91
.
15.4

42
.
13.3

99
.
15.9

67
.
73
.

52
.
91
.

1,365
866
66
39
29
64
81
134
131
238
167
71
25
59
498
125
31
101
31
95
58
37
21

1,488
813
57
51
40
71
77
125
156
140
83
57
34
62
675
176
60
137
42
108
58
63
32

63
.
67
.
88
.
56
.
45
.
71
.
64
.
53
.
62
.
89
.
13.3
50
.
31
.
10.8
56
.
65
.
43
.
86
.
39
.
51
.
44
.
51
.
59
.

70
.
66
.
83
.
73
.
63
.
79
.
61
.
54
.
75
.
57
.
71
.
44
.
44
.
12.7
76
.
99
.
80
.
11.8
49
.
60
.
41
.
76
.
85
.

56
.
62
.
88
.
51
.
28
.
69
.
58
.
50
.
51
.
82
.
12.7
44
.
24
.
10.8
47
.
52
.
42
.
93
.
38
.
46
.
40
.
30
.
39
.

65
.
64
.
87
.
78
.
54
.
76
.
66
.
52
.
48
.
63
.
35
.
32
.
14.6
68
.
87
.
88
.
15.6
43
.
52
.
36
.
54
.
10.9

76
.
82
.
95
.
72
.
89
.
82
.
86
.
64
.
78
.
11.3
15.2
74
.
44
.
10.7
70
.
93
.
44
.
83
.
42
.
58
.
51
.
88
.
98
.

80
.
7.2
55
.
62
.
98
.
10.0
46
.
62
.
73
.
87
.
96
.
79
.
59
.
10.4
87
.
12.4
73
.
10.5
66
.
70
.
52
.
11.5
47
.

253
183
70
1,584
183
1,400
210
1,384
499
885

347
258
89
1,721
226
1,495
310
1,626
553
1,073

38
.
47
.
26
.
67
.
41
.
73
.
28
.
52
.
33
.
77
.

52
.
65
.
32
.
71
.
51
.
76
.
43
.
60
.
35
.
93
.

42
.
55
.
22
.
63
.
37
.
73
.
30
.
52
.
27
.
71
.

52
.
64
.
30
.
64
.
47
.
70
.
45
.
66
.
34
.
90
.

28
.
22
.
33
.
70
.
50
.
73
.
27
.
52
.
35
.
83
.

51
.
68
.
36
.
79
.
61
.
82
.
42
.
56
.
36
.
96
.

189
749
648

251
807
764

10.6
26
.
_

13.4
27
.
_

99
.
28
.
_

13.5
27
.
_

12.8
23
.
_

13.1
27
.
_

in

27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
unemployed
Reason for unemployment

Women,
20 years
and over

Men,
20 years
and over
Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

White

Black

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

1,221
269
41
227
185
299
467

5,274
2,802
905
1,897
762
1,338
373

6,346
3,589
952
2,637
818
1,462
477

1,639
791
156
635
210
448
190

1,635
835
140
695
154
469
177

100.0
20.8
3.9
16.9
15.2
29.5
34.5

100.0
22.0
3.4
18.6
15.2
24.5
38.2

100.0
53.1
17.2
36.0
14.4
25.4
7.1

100.0
56.6
15.0
41.6
12.9
23.0
7.5

100.0
48.3
9.5
38.7
12.8
27.3
11.6

100.0
51.1
8.6
42.5
9.4
28.7
10.8

3.5
2.5
5.0
5.8

4.1
2.9
4.6
7.2

2.6
.7
1.2
.3

3.3
.8
1.4
.4

5.8
1.5
3.3
1.4

6.2
1.1
3.5
1.3

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

7,211
3,743
1,104
2,639
1,002
1,878
587

8,286
4,556
1,112
3,444
1,004
2,033
694

3,422
2,380
762
1,619
379
596
68

3,983
2,849
762
2,087
402
649
83

2,643
1,125
297
828
450
945
124

3,082
1,437
308
1,129
417
1,084
144

1,145
238
45
193
174
338
395

100.0
51.9
15.3
36.6
13.9
26.0
8.1

100.0
55.0
13.4
41.6
12.1
24.5
8.4

100.0
69.6
22.3
47.3
11.1
17.4
2.0

100.0
71.5
19.1
52.4
10.1
16.3
2.1

100.0
42.5
11.2
31.3
17.0
35.7
4.7

100.0
46.6
10.0
36.6
13.5
35.2
4.7

3.0
.8
1.5
.5

3.6
.8
1.6
.6

3.7
.6
.9
.
1

4.4
.6
1.0
.
1

2.1
.8
1.8
.2

2.7
.8
2.0
.3

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

28



HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
Movember 199
Duration of unemployment

Total unemployed
Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons

Percent

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks
oa

27 weeks
and over

8,286

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

35.1
58.2
27.7
43.2
45.4
50.1

29.4
21.5
31.9
34.4
33.3
29.1

35.5
20.4
40.4
22.4
21.2
20.8

16.5
11.9
18.0
10.8
10.1
13.8

19.0
8.5
22.4
11.6
11.2
7.0

100.0

36.4

30.1

33.5

14.7

18.9

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

36.0
60.8
27.0
36.7
38.0
32.6

29.1
20.3
32.3
33.7
33.5
22.7

34.9
19.0
40.7
29.6
28.5
44.8

15.0
11.2
16.4
13.5
12.7
24.0

19.9
7.8
24.3
16.2
15.8
20.7

100.0

39.6

30.7

29.7

14.8

14.9

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

31.8
49.7
26.9
43.7
48.0
42.6

28.5
25.3
29.4
33.8
32.2
32.1

39.7
25.1
43.7
22.5
19.8
25.3

20.0
14.6
21.5
11.3
9.1
15.3

19.7
10.5
22.2
11.2
10.6
10.0

100.0

52.2

34.1

13.7

9.9

3.8

269
41
227
185
299
467

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

15.2

1,221

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

14.0

1,437
308
1,129
417
1,084
144

Women, 20 years and over

29.2

3,082

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

30.9

2,849
762
2,087
402
649
83

Men, 20 years and over

39.9

3,983

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

100.0

4,556
1,112
3,444
1,004
2,033
694

Total, 16 years and over ...

1

15 to 26
weeks

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

43.4

37.4

19.2

13.4

5.7

O

O

0

O

0

38.0
56.5
52.2
55.6

41.5
37.0
36.9
29.3

20.5
6.5
10.9
15.1

15.2
4.0
7.8
11.5

5.4
2.5
3.0
3.7

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-16.

Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Total
Duration of unemployment

Thousands of persons

Full-time workers
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Nov.
1990
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks ..
Median duration, in weeks




Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

7,211

8,286

100.0

100.0

5,809

6,649

100.0

100.0

3,326
2,255
1,644
611
1,630
866
764
348
416

3,306
2,562
1,863
699
2,418
1,160
1,257
644
614

46.1
31.3
22.8
8.5
22.6
12.0
10.6
4.8
5.8

39.9
30.9
22.5
8.4
29.2
14.0
15.2
7.8
7.4

2,489
1,839
1,347
492
1,481
789
692
331
361

2,404
2,065
1,474
591
2,180
1,052
1,128
582
546

42.8
31.7
23.2
8.5
25.5
13.6
11.9
5.7
6.2

36.2
31.1
22.2
8.9
32.8
15.8
17.0
8.7
8.2

12.4
5.4

14.8
7.1

13.3
6.1

16.0
8.1

29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17.

Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Total

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks

27
Less
5 to 14 15 to 26 weeks
than
and
weeks weeks
5 weeks
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

Unemployed
less than
5 weeks

Unemployed
15 weeks
and over

Nov.
1990

November 1991

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,286
1,221
1,445
2,371
1,690
965
472
123

3,306
637
681
908
558
335
145
43

2,562
416
465
789
543
229
97
24

1,160
121
166
349
280
163
68
15

1,257
46
134
325
310
238
163
41

14.8
81
.
11.0
14.0
17.1
20.2
24.8
29.3

7.1
4.3
5.2
7.1
9.0
9.9
13.6
12.6

46.1
60.6
52.5
44.1
40.9
39.7
33.3
30.2

39.9
52.2
47.1
38.3
33.0
34.7
30.7
35.1

22.6
13.3
14.9
22.6
27.2
31.8
33.0
32.0

29.2
13.7
20.7
28.4
34.9
41.6
48.9
45.7

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,669
686
775
1,321
980
549
280
79

1,770
322
347
491
313
178
91
28

1,451
251
263
443
296
113
69
15

669
85
92
200
161
94
32
5

780
29
72
187
210
164
87
31

15.9
87
.
11.3
14.4
18.6
23.3
24.4
31.8

7.6
5.1
5.8
7.4
9.2
12.8
10.4
12.8

44.6
58.7
50.5
42.4
40.2
36.7
36.5

0

37.9
46.9
44.7
37.1
32.0
32.5
32.6
35.5

25.2
15.7
17.8
25.6
27.4
34.1
37.7

0

31.0
16.5
21.3
29.3
37.8
47.0
42.8
44.9

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,617
534
670
1,050
710
417
192
44

1,536
316
334
417
244
156
53
15

1,112
165
202
345
247
117
28
8

492
36
73
149
119
70
35
10

All
18
61
138
100
74
75
11

13.4
74
.
10.5
13.4
15.0
16.1
25.2

6.6
3.8
4.5
6.8
8.7
7.9
19.5

48.2
62.9
55.1
46.0
41.8
44.0
26.3

19.3
10.3
11.3
19.3
26.9
28.5
22.3

26.8
10.0
20.1
27.3
30.8
34.5
57.7

O

O

0

42.5
59.1
49.8
39.8
34.4
37.5
27.8

O

O

O

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

6,346
3,698
2,647

2,600
1,436
1,164

1,935
1,130
805

852
513
339

959
621
338

14.5
15.6
12.9

6.6
7.2
6.0

48.0
46.9
49.6

41.0
38.8
44.0

22.1
24.6
18.8

28.5
30.6
25.6

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,635
794
841

600
271
329

521
262
259

256
125
131

258
136
122

16.0
17.2
14.8

8.3
8.7
7.9

39.5
35.2
44.2

36.7
34.2
39.1

24.8
27.8
21.5

31.4
32.9
30.1

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,876
600
2,194

668
205
897

514
173
764

295
87
286

400
134
246

18.6
18.4
12.9

9.0
8.9
6.3

40.2
44.8
48.0

35.6
34.2
40.9

29.5
25.7
21.5

37.0
37.0
24.2

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,415
772
1,430

591
272
673

447
232
432

177
131
184

200
137
140

13.3
16.2
11.8

6.9
8.3
5.3

47.7
40.8
52.9

41.8
35.2
47.1

20.8
24.0
15.0

26.6
34.6
22.7

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

30




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Occupation and industry

Total

Less
than

5 weeks

5 to 14 15 to 26
weeks
weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

Unemployed Unemployed
15 weeks
less than
and over
5 weeks

Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov.
1990 1991 1990 1991

November 1991
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

852
1,938
1,424
1,099
1,845
324

251
710
587
438
747
176

248
560
513
310
568
117

175
334
143
160
229
16

178
335
181
191
300
16

19.0
16.1
13.2
15.3
15.4
80
.

11.2
8.2
6.6
7.2
7.0
4.2

37.8
44.0
48.8
41.4
48.7
54.2

29.5
36.6
41.2
39.9
40.5
54.3

33.5
23.4
18.5
24.5
22.1
16.5

41.4
34.5
22.8
31.9
28.7
9.6

251
919
1,497
821
677
383
1,731
2,206
217

141
420
520
266
253
140
712
800
67

82
273
430
229
202
115
552
704
75

19
107
230
135
95
43
250
327
48

9
119
317
191
126
85
216
375
27

82
.
12.7
18.1
19.1
16.8
18.0
13.4
16.1
15.0

4.0
5.5
9.1
9.9
8.2
8.2
6.6
8.2
8.8

58.7
53.6
40.6
42.1
38.0
38.0
49.4
43.7
35.9

56.2
45.7
34.7
32.4
37.4
36.6
41.1
36.3
30.9

9.0
19.6
27.6
26.6
29.3
28.6
19.1
23.7
32.9

11.2
24.5
36.5
39.7
32.6
33.4
27.0
31.8
34.6

764

385

228

100

52

10.5

4.5

52.3

50.4

18.1

19.9

INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration
No previous work experience
1

Includes wage and salary workers only.




31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
November 1991
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race
Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,286

7,080

1,221
1,445
2,371

1,163

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,669
686
775

1,690

965
472
123

1,321

1,239
2,002
1,438
765

361
112
3,822
645
631
1,053

549

791
420

280
79

210
72

Women, 16 years and over..
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,617
534
670

980

Employer
directly

Friends
or
relatives

Other

8.4

71.5
81.5
71.2
69.7
70.5
68.8
61.3
69.1

39.1
23.2
40.7
44.8
43.0
40.7
34.1
37.5

21.3
15.5
19.8
21.9
26.3
23.5
19.1
15.3

6.0
4.9
5.7
5.1
6.7
6.6
10.5
9.0

1.72
1.40
1.66
1.80
1.90
1.80
1.63
1.52

9.0
4.8
4.5
10.2
11.8
12.6
11.2

73.0
81.0
71.7
73.0
72.9
68.8
60.6

38.0
22.5
38.5
45.5
41.4
40.2
32.9

23.4
14.2
22.4
25.4
29.9
24.6
19.6

7.0
5.4
6.6
6.4
8.1
7.3
11.8

1.78
1.42
1.70
1.89
2.00
1.86
1.69

Private
employment
agency

25.4
11.8
23.0
28.2
32.9
29.1
27.8
13.1

8.5
3.4
5.4

27.5
14.0
26.2
28.5
35.9
32.8
33.3

10.3
10.4
11.7

10.7

0

22.9
9.1
19.6
27.9
29.2
24.6
20.2

7.8
1.6
6.3
10.4

192
44

3,258
518
608
949
647
345
151
40

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

6,346
3,698
2,647

5,312
2,945
2,366

24.7
27.1
21.6

8.3
8.6
8.0

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,635
794
841

1,485
709
776

27.6
29.4
25.9

9.4
11.3
7.6

0

O

1,050
710
417

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

Average
number of
methods
used

Placed
or
answered
ads

Public
employment
agency

8.8

10.5
10.0

69.9
82.1
70.7
66.1
67.7
68.9
62.2

O

O
1.64
1.38
1.61
1.70
1.77
1.73
1.55

18.8
17.0
17.0
18.1
21.8
22.2
18.3

4.8
4.4
4.8
3.6
4.9
5.8
8.6

O

0

72.4
74.2
70.2

39.2
37.7
41.1

21.6
23.7
19.0

6.0
7.0
4.8

1.72
1.78
1.65

70.3
69.2
71.4

38.5
40.2
36.9

19.0
20.8
17.5

5.7
6.8
4.7

1.70
1.78
1.64

40.3
24.2
42.9
44.0
44.9
41.3
35.8

O

O

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

A-20. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
November 1991
Thousands of persons
Sex and reason

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

Average
number of
methods
used

Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Total, 16 years and over ....
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

8,286
4,556
1,004
2,033
694

7,080
3,417
972
1,999
691

25.4
32.0
21.7
20.5
12.0

8.5
11.3
9.5
5.1
2.8

71.5
70.6
77.3
69.7
73.6

39.1
43.8
37.6
37.8
21.6

21.3
24.8
16.9
18.5
18.2

6.0
6.2
3.5
6.3
7.7

1.72
1.89
1.67
1.58
1.36

Men, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

4,669

3,822
2,228
488
808
298

27.5
32.2
24.4
21.6
13.4

9.0
11.2
7.7
5.4
4.6

73.0
72.4
77.8
71.3
74.2

38.0
42.3
35.2
33.1
24.5

23.4
25.7
21.1
21.0
16.8

7.0
6.9
3.5
9.2
7.8

1.78
1.91
1.70
1.62
1.41

Women, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,617
1,518

3,258
1,188
485
1,192
393

22.9
31.6
19.0
19.7
10.8

7.8

11.4
11.3
5.0
1.5

69.9
67.3
76.9
68.5
73.2

40.3
46.6
39.9
41.0
19.3

18.8
23.2
12.7
16.8
19.4

4.8
4.7
3.5
4.4
7.6

1.64
1.85
1.63
1.55
1.32

3,038

509
823

299

495
1,209
395

1
Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

32




30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Total
Industry and age

All industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
Nonagricultural industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over




Men

Women

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

117,611

117,110

5,660
2,096
3,564

5,271

64,137
2,937
1,074
1,863
6,459

63,538
2,662
957
1,705

53,474
2,723
1,021
1,702
5,969
38,355

84,612
33,710

1,966
3,305
12,127
85,093
32,943

30,951

31,670

19,951
11,554

20,479
11,276
6,734
4,542
3,344

12,428

6,913

4,641
3,356

46,258

18,683
16,778
10,797

6,609
3,910
2,699
1,875

3,056
186
84
103
329

3,181
156
67

2,416
155
75

89

81

292

1,878
762
678
438
418
221
196
245

1,939
839
656
445
491
254
237
302

287
1,427
607
508
312
329
166
163
218

114,555
5,474
2,012
3,462
12,099
82,734
32,949
30,273

113,929
5,115
1,899
3,216
11,835

61,721
2,782
1,000
1,782

83,153

44,830
18,076

32,105

19,513

31,015
20,034

11,137
6,692
4,445
3,111

10,784
6,480
4,305
3,042

6,171
16,270
10,485
6,280
3,743
2,536
1,657

6,397
3,773
2,623

4,946
3,004
1,942

53,572
2,609
1,009
1,600
5,805
38,830
14,764
14,622
9,444
4,879
2,960
1,919

1,895

1,481

1,449

2,497

640
31

684
23
16
7
49
464
184

6,321
46,263
18,179
17,048
11,035

133
52
82
243

15,027

14,173
9,154

1,475
654
494
326
393
198
195
253

9
22
42
451
155
170
126
89
55
34
27

61,041

52,834

2,529
905
1,624
6,078

2,692

44,788

37,904
14,872
14,003

17,525
16,554
10,709
6,003
3,575
2,428
1,642

1,012

1,680
5,927

9,028
4,857
2,948
1,908
1,454

161
119

98
56
42
50
52,888
2,586
993
1,592
5,756
38,365
14,580
14,461
9,325
4,781

2,905
1,876
1,400

33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Men

Total
Occupation

16 years
and over
Nov.
1990

Total

Nov.
1991

16 years
and over
Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Women
20 years
and over

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

16 years
and over
Nov.
1990

20 years
and over

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

117,611 117,110 64,137 63,538 61,200 60,876 53,474 53,572 50,751 50,963

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations

30,858
14,716
533
10,452
3,731
16,142
1,877
927
395
908
2,373
784
4,184
787
3,907

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

36,531 36,017 12,839 12,782 12,224 12,189 23,691 23,235 22,168 21,813
1,950
3,852 3,814
1,985
1,940
1,924
1,867
1,874
1,840
1,861
1,363
1,309
237
245
232
245
1,072
1,118
1,065
1,116
1,122
1,226
944
922
893
211
880
282
228
221
1,330
1,317
804
796
802
799
513
528
498
518
13,976 14,089
6,707 6,749 6,917 6,948 5,994 6,026
7,059
7,142
3,659 3,637 2,333
2,312 2,367
2,389
1,326
1,248
1,291
1,227
2,324
2,413
1,365
1,351
1,353
1,347
972 1,033
1,048
951
1,567
1,694
1,342
1,229
1,320
338
347
1,221
353
332
6,500
6,141
1,993
2,158
1,696
1,799
4,148 4,342 3,283 3,475
62
68
15
26
26
47
40
15
42
41
3,795 3,700 3,566 3,516 14,908 14,414 14,334 13,926
18,703 18,114
739
315
313
790
313
314
All
474
425
424
699
258
261
775
276
498
484
253
441
430
71
86
92
4,559 4,426
67 4,467 4,355 4,364 4,256
183
188
2,272
192
2,397
177 2,205 2,090 2,159 2,053
594
590
955
620
978
344
575
358
361
353
2,280
2,129 2,130
2,302
9,204 9,021
6,902 6,742 6,509 6,410

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

15,747 16,034
739
792
1,958
1,972
12,983 13,337
5,279 5,513
2,171
2,068
3,031
3,172
2,622
2,465

5,575
23
1,633
3,919
1,676
236
1,599
408

9,438
753
264
8,421
3,102
1,888
1,404
2,027

9,618
706
303
8,609
3,213
1,929
1,308
2,159

8,585
651
250
7,685
2,585
1,817
1,351
1,932

8,732
608
288
7,836
2,697
1,854
1,255
2,030

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,494 13,116 12,315 11,944 12,074 11,798
4,389 4,483 4,233 4,305 4,142
4,260
4,883 4,522
4,584
4,667
5,108
4,994
3,997 3,967 3,088 3,055 3,049 3,017

1,178
155
114
909

1,172
178
83
911

1,151
153
107
891

1,155
178
83
895

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,823 17,394 13,320 13,004 12,369 12,168
4,755
7,650
4,618
4,879
4,462
8,081
3,646
6,549 6,265 3,946 3,753 3,850
2,488
2,280
3,604 3,354 2,533 2,347
1,362
2,911
1,405
1,413
1,367
2,945
1,386
905
1,532
866
933
815
4,436
4,529
5,025 5,027 4,591
4,430
3,191
3,391
3,706 3,834 3,316
3,299
1,193
1,245
1,319
1,138
1,275
1,131
4,717
4,718
3,850 3,857 3,178
3,277
711
746
697
649
713
651
4,006 3,137
3,971
3,159
2,529
2,625

4,503
3,202
2,603
1,071
1,532
599
434
389
44
867
34
833

4,390
3,032
2,512
1,007
1,506
520
497
442
55
860
14
846

4,329
3,124
2,543
1,058
1,485
581
431
387
44
773
34
739

4,246
2,975
2,468
994
1,474
507
494
439
55
111
10
766

486
186
299

540
251
288

457
187
271

522
250
272

Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations

34



3,158
1,173
1,986

31,313 16,681 16,696 16,591 16,602 14,177 14,617 14,060 14,495
14,985 8,855
8,941
8,821
6,044 5,826 6,011
8,907 5,861
545
326
318
326
207
227
318
207
227
10,545 6,683 6,747 6,652 6,716
3,768 3,798 3,739 3,770
3,895
1,845
1,876
1,842
1,886 2,019
1,873
1,880 2,013
16,329
7,826
7,755
7,770 7,695 8,317 8,573 8,234 8,484
1,766
1,607
1,728
1,728
1,604
149
159
149
159
839
582
583
521
521
344
319
342
317
468
310
347
310
86
121
345
85
121
914
741
726
733
174
741
175
175
174
2,483
349
329
330
348
2,043 2,135 2,040 2,133
471
866
471
470
467
313
395
304
387
4,181
1,117
1,130
1,072
1,057
3,054 3,110 3,015 3,071
772
621
628
628
621
160
151
160
151
4,038
1,914
2,027
1,880
1,993 2,011
1,964
1,993
1,971

3,235
1,268
1,967

6,308
38
1,707
4,563
2,177
180
1,768
437

2,673
986
1,686

6,416
33
1,655
4,728
2,300
241
1,723
463

2,695
1,016
1,679

5,453
32
1,668
3,753
1,546
166
1,645
397

2,489
978
1,511

2,543
1,007
1,537

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Men

Total
Occupation and race

Women

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

117,611
100.0

117,110
100.0

64,137
100.0

63,538
100.0

53,474
100.0

53,572
100.0

26.2
12.5
13.7

26.7
12.8

26.0

26.3
14.1

13.9

31.1
3.3
11.9

30.8
3.3

12.2
20.0
3.1

26.5
11.0
15.6
44.3
3.5
12.9
27.9

27.3
11.3
16.0
43.4
3.5
13.0

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

12.0
15.5

13.8

11.0

12.2
20.1
3.1
11.2
5.8
10.1
.1
2.6
7.4

6.9
4.3
4.0
2.7

14.9
6.5
4.3
4.0
2.8

5.9
9.8
.1
2.7
7.1
19.2
20.8
7.6
7.2
6.0
4.2

101,739
100.0

101,205
100.0

56,097
100.0

55,449
100.0

45,641
100.0

45,756
100.0

27.4
13.2
14.2
31.4
3.3

27.9

27.3
14.6
12.6

27.6
14.8

27.6
11.4
16.1
45.2
3.4
13.5
28.3

28.3

15.9
13.4
.7
1.7
11.0
11.5
15.2

13.7
.6
1.7

11.4
11.2

18.8
20.5
7.3

7.1
6.1
4.2

17.7

1.4
.5
15.7
2.2
8.4
6.0
.8
1.6

26.9
18.0
1.3
.6
16.1
2.2
8.2
5.7
.9
1.6
1.0

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

4.1

13.5
14.4
31.1
3.3
12.5
15.3
12.5
.6
1.6
10.4
11.6
14.0
6.0
4.1

3.8
2.9

3.9
2.9

2.5
6.3
19.7
19.7
7.4
6.8
5.6
4.4

11,969
100.0

11,847
100.0

5,931
100.0

5,925
100.0

6,038
100.0

5,922
100.0

16.1
7.2
8.9
28.6
3.1
7.5

16.5
7.5
9.0

13.1
6.7
6.4

28.2
2.7
8.1

18.3
2.2

13.3
7.6
5.8
18.3

19.0
7.6
11.4
38.7
3.9
9.0
25.7
27.7
3.0
1.3

19.7
7.4
12.3
38.2
3.3
9.8
25.1
27.2
2.2
1.2
23.8
2.2
12.3
9.1
1.2
2.0
.4

12.4
15.7

12.1
.6
1.6

10.0
11.9
14.4
6.5

20.1
3.1

11.5
5.4
8.8

12.7
20.2

3.1
11.7
5.4
9.1
2.5
6.6
19.4

19.4
6.8
6.8
5.8
4.4

16.2
1.2
.4
14.7
2.2
7.8
5.4
.8
1.5
1.0

11.9
16.5
44.3
3.5
13.4
27.4
16.6
1.2
.5

15.0
2.1
7.5
5.1
.9
1.5
1.1

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing




18.1
23.2
1.6
2.9
18.6
8.7
21.9
9.4
6.3
6.2
1.5

17.5
22.5
1.1
2.5
18.9
8.8
22.0
10.1
6.3
5.5
1.9

5.9
10.2
18.6
.2
4.6

2.1
6.4
9.8
17.9
.1
3.9

13.8

13.9

15.5
31.6

15.4

9.8
11.7

10.1
2.9

31.7

11.1
11.5
9.1
3.4

23.4
1.9
12.5
9.1

1.1
2.3
.2

35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
November 1991
Nonagricultural industries
Age and sex

Agriculture

Wage and salary workers

Total

Private
household Government
workers

Other

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

SelfWage and
employed
salary
workers
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

104,674
5,035
1,871
3,164
11,534
30,077
28,268
17,918
9,396
5,749
3,647
2,447

938
119
73
45
125
180
169
120
152
75
78
73

18,122
281
47
233
1,080
4,189
5,989
4,132
2,022
1,266
755
429

85,614
4,636
1,750
2,885
10,329
25,708
22,111
13,666
7,222
4,408
2,814
1,944

9,029
76
26
50
267
1,986
2,699
2,061
1,368
716
652
572

226
3
1
2
34
42
48
55
21
15
7
23

1,614
120
44
76
226
530
315
195
159
89
70
69

1,462
17
8
8
58
289
328
232
316
156
159
222

105
19
15
4
8
19
12
17
16
9
8
12

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

55,252
2,487
894
1,593
5,901
16,289
14,863
9,392
5,066
3,084
1,982
1,255

107
20
16
4
23
22
15
11
12
7
5
3

8,320
113
10
104
434
2,023
2,670
1,873
980
592
388
227

46,826
2,354
868
1,485
5,444
14,243
12,178
7,508
4,074
2,485
1,589
1,025

5,739
38
10
28
160
1,228
1,686
1,316
937
491
447
374

50
4
2
2
18
8
5
1

1,265
104
36
69
187
407
228
148
134
74
60
57

1,198
15
6
8
49
241
265
178
258
124
134
192

34
14
10
4
6
7
2

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

49,422
2,548
977
1,571
5,633
13,788
13,405
8,526
4,330
2,665
1,665
1,191

831
99
57
41
101
157
154
109
140
67
73
70

9,802
167
38
130
647
2,166
3,319
2,259
1,042
675
367
202

38,788
2,282
882
1,400
4,885
11,465
9,933
6,157
3,148
1,923
1,224
919

3,290
38
17
22
107
758
1,013
745
430
225
205
198

176

350
16
8
8
38
124
87
48
25
15
10
12

264
2
2

70
5
5

9
49
64
54
58
32
26
30

2
12
10
17
15
9
7
8

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

36




13

16
33
43
54
21
14
7
10

1
4

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
November 1991
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries .
Professional services...
Public administration
1

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

Total
Executive,
AdminisTechniemadministrative
cians
Profesployed
Private
Other
trative,
and
sional
Sales support, houseand
service1
including hold
specialty related
manaclerical
support
gerial

3,181
697
6,955
20,368
11,922
8,446

108
118
1,014
2,479
1,542
937
1,030
2,104
567
1,537

386
458
80
379

7,646
40,004
940
39,063
26,413
5,481

2,030
4,894
5
4,889
2,698
1,209

166
12,390
3
12,387
11,019
822

19
10
59
722
299
423

99
84
343
2,237
1,182
1,055

17
10
27
346
173
174

38
265
3,927
3,837
2,698
1,139

17
16
77
6,265
3,354
2,911

56
89
518
811
418
393

24
20
788
1,072
551
521

2,652

325
343
139 10,161
31 1,805
109 8,356

109
56
142
1,799
1,140
659

8,289
24,491
4,601
19,890

Precision
Farming,
Machine
producHandlers, forestry,
operTransportion,
equipment
ators,
and
tation
craft,
cleaners,
assemfishing
and
and
helpers,
blers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
laborers
inspectors

2,197
2,378
749
1,629

262
4,642
44
4,599

1,294
1,448
340
1,109

104
277
118
159

1,875
1,028
490
538

462
1,827
370
1,457

10
28
8
20

284
8,385
91
8,294
4,837
1,320

159
1,884
4
1,880
414
264

13
834

11
573
6
567
328
67

28
443
21
423
81
53

47
370
49
321
100
27

43
28
43
714
485
229

151
2,132
3
2,129
1,742
237

1,878
867
867
171
30

2,878
6,493
21
6,472
4,815
1,404

739
739

834
208
47

18
84
78
6

Includes protective service, not shown separately.

A-26. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers1

Total
Reason not working and sex
Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Paid absences
Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Unpaid absences

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Nov.
1990

Nov.
1991

Total, 16 years and over ...
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
All other reasons

4,252
1,866
1,288
30
15
1,053

3,862
1,444
1,290
79
20
1,030

4,144
1,832
1,258
24
15
1,016

3,733
1,407
1,267
54
20
985

2,056
1,242
565

1,744
982
544

1,603
411
605

1,489
264
616

249

218

588

610

Men, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

2,288
1,131
642
515

2,039
852
641
546

2,207
1,103
616
487

1,932
822
623
487

1,170
783
275
112

964
601
271
92

697
202
275
221

655
113
292
250

Women, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

1,964
735
646
583

1,822
591
648
583

1,937
729
642
567

1,801
585
644
572

885
458
289
137

781
381
273
127

906
209
330
367

835
151
324
360

1

Excludes private household workers.
Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
2




3

Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27.

Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
November 1991
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Hours of work
All
industries

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

All
industries

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

113,248

3,053

110,195

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours

32,578
817
5,035
14,310
12,416

967
45
214
460
248

31,611
772
4,821
13,850
12,168

28.8
.7
4.4
12.6
11.0

31.7
1.5
7.0
15.1
8.1

28.7
.7
4.4
12.6
11.0

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

80,670
7,222
41,071
32,376
10,935
12,429
9,012

2,086
155
683
1,248
230
398
620

78,585
7,067
40,389
31,128
10,705
12,031
8,392

71.2
6.4
36.3
28.6
9.7
11.0
8.0

68.3
5.1
22.4
40.9
7.5
13.0
20.3

71.3
6.4
36.7
28.2
9.7
10.9
7.6

38.7
43.3

41.7
49.3

38.6
43.1

Total, 16 years and over

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules

A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1991
All industries

Nonagricultural industries

Reason for working less than 35 hours
Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

32,578

12,397

20,181

6,338
3,343
37
157
97
2,705

2,156
1,866
37
157
97

4,182
1,477

26,239
13,293
1,285
1,632
354
12
5,662
1,738
2,263

10,240

1,485

22.3
22.9

2,048
10,368

Total
Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons

38




Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

31,611

12,032

19,579

6,018
3,103
35
154
93
2,634

1,998
1,716
35
154
93

4,020
1,387

10,034

1,738
778

25,592
12,978
1,262
1,602
285
12
5,641
1,697
2,115

1,413

1,697
702

24.3
28.7

21.2
19.1

22.3
23.0

24.5
28.8

21.3
19.2

996
7,493

1,052
2,875

1,971
10,197

947
7,391

1,024
2,806

2,705

1,285
1,442
354
12
5,662

15,999
13,293
190

Total

2,634

1,262
1,421
285
12
5,641

15,558
12,978
181

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1991
Industry

Total
at
work

On part
time
for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours
or less
hours
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

110,195

6,018

15,558

88,619

57,490

10,705

20,424

38.6

43.1

101,413

5,061

14,058

82,294

54,591

10,135

17,569

38.5

42.8

644

9

12

624

288

111

224

47.3

48.3

5,233

455

200

4,578

3,095

536

947

39.7

42.3

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

19,339
11,311
8,028

537
249
288

616
239
376

18,186
10,823
7,364

11,745
6,928
4,817

2,737
1,648
1,090

3,704
2,247
1,457

42.0
42.4
41.3

43.2
43.2
43.1

Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

7,571
21,903
6,867

206
1,743
180

416
5,302
612

6,949
14,858
6,075

4,437
9,030
4,338

861
2,117
569

1,651
3,710
1,169

41.6
36.3
39.1

43.5
43.9
41.6

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

34,593
923
33,670
5,263

1,860
149
1,711
71

6,649
375
6,273
252

26,084
398
25,686
4,939

17,858
288
17,570
3,800

2,746
26
2,721
457

5,480
85
5,396
683

36.9
26.9
37.2
38.3

42.5
42.9
42.5
39.6

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

8,557
226

947
11

1,416
84

6,194
131

2,832
67

557
13

2,804
50

39.7
36.6

47.7
48.0

Total, 16 years and over
Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction




39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1991

Sex, age, race, and marital status

Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours
or less

41 hours
or more

15,558
3,320
1,666
1,654
12,239
2,620
9,618
5,218
2,964
1,435

88,619
1,184
108
1,076
87,434
7,912
79,523
53,104
25,123
1,295

57,490
949
92
857
56,541
5,660
50,881
33,581
16,377
921

31,128
235

51,556
682
66
616

29,739
523
54
470
29,215
2,938
26,277
17,245
8,547

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

110,195
4,984
1,838
3,145

6,018
479
65
415

19,523
8,746
375

38.6
22.2
15.8
26.0
39.4
35.1
39.9
40.4
40.0
28.5

43.1
40.1
38.2
40.3
43.2
41.8
43.3
43.3
43.3
41.8

21,817
158
12
146
21,659
1,424
20,235
13,701
6,265
269

41.6
23.6
16.6
27.5
42.3
36.9
43.0
43.5
43.1
30.5

44.7
41.0

9,311

2,479
105

35.2
20.9
15.0
24.5
35.9
33.2
36.3
36.8
36.2
26.2

16

219
30,893
2,251
28,642

105,212
11,533
93,679
61,296
29,519
2,863

5,539
1,001
4,538

59,109

4,655
1,545

20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

1,592
56,639
5,942
50,696
33,172
15,992
1,533

2,898
243
41
202
2,655
497
2,158
1,492
611
54

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

51,087
2,513
961
1,553
48,573
5,590
42,983
28,124
13,529
1,331

3,120
236
23
213
2,884
504
2,381
1,480
821
78

10,904
1,774

2,397
712

33,011
22,160
10,311
541

Men
Women

95,027
51,443
43,583

4,859
2,304
2,555

13,927
4,089
9,838

76,240
45,051
31,190

47,979
25,147
22,832

28,262
19,904
8,358

38.7
41.9
35.0

43.4
45.0
41.1

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

11,273
5,583
5,690

909
455
455

1,066
360
707

9,297
4,769
4,528

7,302
3,444
3,858

1,996
1,325
671

37.8
39.4
36.3

41.2
42.5
39.8

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

37,779
6,151
15,178

1,216
425

35,139

1,257

1,424
259
2,972

10,949

19,220
3,184
7,335

15,920
2,284
3,614

43.5
42.3
36.5

45.2
44.8
43.1

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

28,615
10,238
12,234

1,446
807
867

6,226
1,218
3,460

20,943
8,213
7,907

16,067
5,849
5,835

4,876
2,364
2,072

35.2
37.5
33.2

40.6
41.6
41.2

Men, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

2,470
878

2,974
1,432
133

771
774
3,110
1,083
2,027
734
569
724

895

879
9,129
1,538
7,591
4,484

50,874
4,363

46,512
30,946
14,812
755

37,063
503
42
461
36,560
3,549

486
27,752
426
38
388
27,326
2,722
24,604

16,339
7,832
435

11
4
73

9,234
827
8,407
5,821

O
41.2
44.8
42.8
45.0
45.0

44.9
43.3
40.9
38.8

O
39.1
40.9
40.7
41.0
41.0

41.0
39.7

RACE

White, 16 years and over

MARITAL STATUS

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

40




5,468

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1991
O n full-time schedules
Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.




O n part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part
time

110,143

5,986

30,372
14,543
15,829
34,972
3,703
13,676
17,593
15,485
730
1,882
12,873
12,536
16,777
7,404
4,819
4,554

Total
at
work

Average

Average hours,
hours, workers
49
on fulltotal
41 to 48
hours
time
at work
hours
or more
schedules

Total

40
hours
or less

15,581

88,575

57,388

10,705

20,482

38.6

43.1

686
240
446
1,589
100
886
603
1,716
102
72
1,542
815
1,179
397
267
516

2,938
794
2,144
6,613
428
3,081
3,104
4,290
322
166
3,802
345
1,395
321
397
678

26,749
13,509
13,239
26,770
3,174
9,709
13,887
9,479
305
1,645
7,529
11,376
14,202
6,687
4,155
3,360

15,012
7,115
7,897
18,641
2,290
5,127
11,224
6,984
220
1,019
5,744
7,266
9,485
4,758
2,205
2,522

3,187
1,613
1,574
3,042
405
1,278
1,359
886
17
249
620
1,610
1,980
962
578
440

8,550
4,781
3,769
5,087
480
3,304
1,304
1,609
68
376
1,164
2,499
2,737
967
1,373
398

41.6
43.4
39.9
36.9
39.0
38.0
35.6
33.4
26.1
41.3
32.7
41.4
39.7
40.1
42.8
35.6

44.5
45.1
43.9
42.0
41.8
45.4
39.7
42.2
42.2
44.4
41.7
43.4
43.1
41.9
46.3
41.3

58,911

2,867

4,622

51,423

29,576

6,754

15,093

41.6

44.8

16,253
8,673
7,580
12,466
1,894
6,966
3,606
6,235
33
1,593
4,608
11,425
12,533
4,471
4,340
3,722

321
149
172
425
62
243
119
559
7
44
508
746
816
174
221
421

835
275
560
1,385
110
803
472
1,221
9
103
1,109
246
935
144
264
527

15,097
8,250
6,848
10,656
1,722
5,919
3,015
4,455
17
1,447
2,991
10,432
10,782
4,153
3,855
2,774

7,213
3,704
3,509
5,782
1,143
2,487
2,152
3,129
9
876
2,244
6,586
6,867
2,796
2,023
2,048

1,780
971
809
1,447
218
847
382
468
213
254
1,498
1,561
646
533
382

6,105
3,575
2,530
3,428
362
2,586
480
858
8
358
492
2,349
2,354
711
1,299
344

44.6
45.6
43.4
41.6
41.4
43.5
37.9
36.3
(2)
42.6
34.2
41.6
40.5
41.2
43.6
35.9

46.5
46.9
46.1
45.2
43.3
47.7
41.5
43.1
(2)
45.0
42.2
43.5
43.7
42.6
46.5
41.4

51,231

3,120

10,959

37,152

27,812

3,952

5,389

35.2

40.9

14,119
5,870
8,249
22,507
1,809
6,711
13,987
9,250
697
289
8,264
1,111
4,244
2,933
478
832

365
91
273
1,165
38
643
484
1,157
96
28
1,033
69
363
222
45
96

2,103
519
1,585
5,228
318
2,278
2,632
3,069
313
63
2,693
98
461
177
133
151

11,651
5,260
6,391
16,113
1,452
3,789
10,872
5,024
288
197
4,538
944
3,420
2,534
300
586

7,799
3,411
4,388
12,859
1,147
2,640
9,071
3,855
211
144
3,500
681
2,618
1,962
182
474

1,407
642
764
1,595
187
431
977
418
17
36
366
113
419
316
45
58

2,445
1,206
1,239
1,659
118
718
824
751
60
18
672
150
384
256
73
54

38.1
40.2
36.6
34.3
36.5
32.3
35.0
31.5
26.1
33.6
31.9
38.5
37.3
38.4
35.0
34.6

41.9
42.4
41.6
39.9
40.0
41.9
39.2
41.4
42.0
40.2
41.4
41.9
41.0
40.8
43.9
40.5

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

41

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)

1990

1991

Employment status and sex
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

190,312 190,483 190,592 190,717 190,703 190,836 190,980 191,173 191,443 191,589 191,746 191,903 192,057

126,253
66.2
118,537
62.2
1,615
116,922
3,163
113,759
7,715
6.1
64,339

126,678
66.4
118,520
62.1
1,602
116,918
3,222
113,696
8,158
6.4
64,039

91,440
69,899
76.4
65,790
71.9
1,453
64,337
4,109
5.9
21,541

91,537 91,590
70,058 69,543
75.9
76.5
65,781 65,251
71.2
71.9
1,454 1,453
64,327 63,798
4,277 4,292
6.2
6.1
21,479 22,047

91,650
69,749
76.1
65,043
71.0
1,439
63,604
4,706
6.7
21,901

98,872
56,439
57.1
53,211
53.8
162
53,049
3,228
5.7
42,433

98,946
56,733
57.3
53,410
54.0
163
53,247
3,323
5.9
42,213

126,338
66.4
119,001
62.5
1,615
117,386
3,185
114,201
7,337
5.8
63,974

126,791
66.6
119,191
62.6
1,617
117,574
3,253
114,321
7,600
6.0
63,692

126,786 127,128 126,690
66.6
66.3
66.5
118,214 118,854 118,049
62.3
61.8
62.0
1,460
1,456 1,458
116,754 117,398 116,591
3,098 3,156 3,272
113,656 114,243 113,319
8,572 8,274 8,640
6.5
6.8
6.8
63,917 63,708 64,291

127,134 126,818
66.5
66.2
118,389 118,316
61.9
61.8
1,505 1,604
116,884 116,712
3,308 3,239
113,576 113,474

126,520
66.0
118,032
61.6
1,616
116,416
3,266
113,150
8,488
8,745 8,501
6.7
6.9
6.7
64,039 64,625 65,069

127,231
66.4
118,789
62.0
1,624
117,165
3,306
113,859
8,442
6.6
64,515

127,163
66.3
118,581
61.8
1,614
116,967
3,195
113,772
8,582
6.7
64,740

126,862
66.1
118,363
61.6
1,605
116,758
3,302
113,457
8,499
6.7
65,195

Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

91,587 91,652 91,720 91,839
69,808 69,855 69,704 69,793
76.0
76.0
76.2
76.2
64,846 65,112 64,746 64,750
70.5
70.6
71.0
70.8
1,314 1,310 1,303 1,345
63,532 63,802 63,443 63,405
4,962 4,743 4,957 5,043
7.2
6.8
7.1
7.1
21,779 21,797 22,017 22,046

92,023
69,821
75.9
64,820
70.4
1,431
63,389

92,100
69,652
75.6
64,770
70.3
1,442
63,328
5,001
4,882
7.2
7.0
22,202 22,448

92,185 92,270 92,356
70,261 69,998 69,831
76.2
75.6
75.9
65,285 65,142 65,060
70.4
70.6
70.8

1,449 1,440 1,432
63,836 63,702 63,628
4,976 4,856 4,771
6.8
7.1
6.9
21,924 22,272 22,525

Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

99,002 99,067 99,116
56,710 56,929 56,978
57.3
57.5
57.5
53,287 53,477 53,368
53.8
53.8
54.0
162
146
163
53,125 53,314 53,222
3,423 3,452 3,610
6.0
6.1
6.3
42,292 42,138 42,138

1
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
4
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident

42




99,184 99,260 99,334 99,421
57,273 56,986 57,341 56,997
57.4
57.7
57.3
57.7
53,742 53,303 53,639 53,496
53.7
54.0
53.8
54.2
155
160
173
146
53,596 53,148 53,479 53,323
3,531 3,683 3,702 3,500
6.5
6.5
6.1
6.2
41,911 42,274 41,993 42,424

99,489 99,561
56,868 56,971
57.2
57.2
53,262 53,505
53.7
53.5
175
174
53,088 53,330
3,606 3,466
6.1
6.3
42,621 42,590

99,633 99,701
57,165 57,031
57.2
57.4
53,438 53,303
53.5
53.6

174
173
53,264 53,130
3,726 3,728
6.5
6.5
42,468 42,670

Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1990
Nov.

Dec.

1991
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

188,697 188,866 188,977 189,115 189,243 189,380 189,522 189,668 189,839 189,973 190,122 190,289 190,452
124,723 125,174 124,638 125,076 125,326 125,672 125,232 125,629 125,214 124,904 125,607 125,549 125,257
65.7
66.0
66.2
66.1
65.8
66.0
66.1
66.4
66.0
66.2
66.1
66.3
66.1
117,386 117,574 116,922 116,918 116,754 117,398 116,591 116,884 116,712 116,416 117,165 116,967 116,758
61.3
61.5
61.6
61.5
61.3
61.5
61.6
62.0
61.9
61.7
61.8
62.3
62.2
8,488 8,442 8,582 8,499
8,572 8,274 8,640 8,745 8,501
8,158
7,337 7,600 7,715
6.8
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.8
6.7
6.6
6.2
6.8
6.8
6.5
6.1
5.9

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

89,987
68,446
76.1
64,337
71.5
2,518
61,819
4,109
6.0
21,541

90,083
68,604
76.2
64,327
71.4
2,572
61,755
4,277
6.2
21,479

90,137
68,090
75.5
63,798
70.8
2,466
61,331
4,292
6.3
22,047

90,211
68,310
75.7
63,604
70.5
2,520
61,084
4,706
6.9
21,901

90,273
68,494
75.9
63,532
70.4
2,456
61,076
4,962
7.2
21,779

90,342
68,545
75.9
63,802
70.6
2,504
61,298
4,743
6.9
21,797

90,417
68,401
75.7
63,443
70.2
2,596
60,847
4,957
7.2
22,017

90,494
68,448
75.6
63,405
70.1
2,640
60,765
5,043
7.4
22,046

90,592
68,390
75.5
63,389
70.0
2,586
60,803
5,001
7.3
22,202

90,658
68,210
75.2
63,328
69.9
2,580
60,748
4,882
7.2
22,448

90,736
68,812
75.8
63,836
70.4
2,594
61,241
4,976
7.2
21,924

90,830
68,558
75.5
63,702
70.1
2,535
61,167
4,856
7.1
22,272

90,924
68,399
75.2
63,628
70.0
2,590
61,038
4,771
7.0
22,525

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

83,092
64,682
77.8
61,217
73.7
2,307
58,910
3,465
5.4
18,410

83,208
64,803
77.9
61,188
73.5
2,365
58,823
3,615
5.6
18,405

83,271
64,345
77.3
60,734
72.9
2,289
58,445
3,611
5.6
18,926

83,392
64,577
77.4
60,533
72.6
2,315
58,217
4,044
6.3
18,815

83,466
64,735
77.6
60,551
72.5
2,255
58,296
4,184
6.5
18,731

83,567
64,957
77.7
60,905
72.9
2,328
58,577
4,052
6.2
18,610

83,636
64,741
77.4
60,556
72.4
2,368
58,188
4,184
6.5
18,895

83,748
64,897
77.5
60,625
72.4
2,438
58,187
4,272
6.6
18,851

83,865
64,934
77.4
60,683
72.4
2,381
58,302
4,251
6.5
18,931

83,940
64,830
77.2
60,613
72.2
2,365
58,248
4,217
6.5
19,110

84,023
65,155
77.5
60,890
72.5
2,423
58,467
4,265
6.5
18,868

84,151
65,010
77.3
60,817
72.3
2,378
58,440
4,193
6.4
19,141

84,245
64,886
77.0
60,805
72.2
2,410
58,395
4,081
6.3
19,359

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

98,710
56,277
57.0
53,049
53.7
667
52,382
3,228
5.7
42,433

98,783
56,570
57.3
53,247
53.9
681
52,566
3,323
5.9
42,213

98,840
56,548
57.2
53,125
53.7
697
52,428
3,423
6.1
42,292

98,904
56,766
57.4
53,314
53.9
703
52,611
3,452
6.1
42,138

98,970
56,832
57.4
53,222
53.8
642
52,580
3,610
6.4
42,138

99,038
57,127
57.7
53,596
54.1
651
52,945
3,531
6.2
41,911

99,105
56,831
57.3
53,148
53.6
676
52,473
3,683
6.5
42,274

99,174
57,181
57.7
53,479
53.9
668
52,811
3,702
6.5
41,993

99,248
56,824
57.3
53,323
53.7
653
52,670
3,500
6.2
42,424

99,315
56,694
57.1
53,088
53.5
685
52,402
3,606
6.4
42,621

99,386
56,796
57.1
53,330
53.7
712
52,618
3,466
6.1
42,590

99,459
56,991
57.3
53,264
53.6
660
52,605
3,726
6.5
42,468

99,528
56,858
57.1
53,130
53.4
712
52,419
3,728
6.6
42,670

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

91,963
52,896
57.5
50,196
54.6
627
49,569
2,700
5.1
39,067

92,042
53,182
57.8
50,389
54.7
647
49,742
2,793
5.3
38,860

92,139
53,097
57.6
50,300
54.6
664
49,636
2,797
5.3
39,042

92,198
53,284
57.8
50,404
54.7
675
49,728
2,881
5.4
38,914

92,273
53,359
57.8
50,323
54.5
607
49,716
3,035
5.7
38,914

92,358
53,634
58.1
50,695
54.9
623
50,072
2,939
5.5
38,724

92,454
53,480
57.8
50,363
54.5
633
49,731
3,117
5.8
38,974

92,546
53,883
58.2
50,723
54.8
617
50,106
3,160
5.9
38,663

92,654
53,617
57.9
50,738
54.8
601
50,136
2,879
5.4
39,037

92,720
53,616
57.8
50,575
54.5
642
49,933
3,041
5.7
39,104

92,797
53,596
57.8
50,656
54.6
679
49,977
2,940
5.5
39,201

92,875
53,654
57.8
50,556
54.4
629
49,927
3,098
5.8
39,221

92,958
53,546
57.6
50,388
54.2
682
49,706
3,158
5.9
39,412

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

13,642 13,616 13,567 13,525 13,504 13,455 13,432 13,374 13,320 13,313 13,302 13,263 13,250
7,196
7,189
7,145
7,232 7,081
7,215
6,850 6,662 6,458 6,856 6,884 6,826
7,011
52.4
53.0
53.3
52.8
52.2
52.6
53.6
50.0
51.2
48.5
51.9
51.5
51.5
5,973 5,997 5,889 5,982 5,879 5,798 5,672 5,537 5,291
5,228 5,619
5,593 5,566
43.4
43.8
44.0
43.1
44.2
39.7
41.4
42.2
43.5
39.3
42.2
42.2
42.0
251
211
241
204
232
254
271
235
256
259
188
204
210
5,722 5,756 5,678 5,750 5,644 5,594 5,401
5,283 5,035 4,969 5,415
5,405 5,356
1,172
1,307
1,192
1,371
1,233
1,230
1,339
1,283
1,353
1,291
1,237
1,313
1,260
16.4
18.2
16.6
17.1
18.1
19.1
18.7
20.6
19.2
19.0
18.8
18.0
18.5
6,497 6,427 6,371
6,310
6,272 6,374 6,421
6,524 6,658 6,855 6,446 6,379 6,424

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional




population.

43

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1990
Nov.

1991

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

160,831 160,942 161,007 161,097 161,179 161,264 161,357 161,449 161,558 161,642 161,738 161,846 161,949
107,048 107,517 106,962 107,432 107,488 107,678 107,491 107,745 107,382 107,090 107,618 107,721 107,560
66.7
66.7
66.6
66.3
66.6
66.8
66.7
66.4
66.8
66.6
66.5
66.5
66.4
101,648 101,843 101,104 101,141 100,870 101,455 100,944 101,046 100,760 100,610 101,112 101,211 100,986
62.6
62.6
62.5
62.2
62.6
62.9
62.8
62.8
63.3
63.2
62.5
62.4
62.4
6,617 6,223 6,547 6,699 6,622 6,480 6,505 6,510
5,400 5,674 5,858 6,291
6,573
6.2
6.2
6.0
6.1
6.1
5.8
5.9
5.5
5.3
5.0
6.0
6.2
6.1

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

56,174 56,307 55,836 56,000 56,151 56,310 56,210 56,267 56,344 56,252 56,532 56,371 56,322
77.9
78.3
78.3
77.7
78.0
77.7
77.9
77.9
78.1
77.9
77.8
77.6
77.6
53,564 53,497 53,010 52,801 52,828 53,179 53,025 52,962 52,960 52,934 53,072 53,042 53,043
73.7
73.7
74.4
74.6
73.2
73.3
73.2
73.3
73.5
73.3
73.3
73.1
73.1
3,185 3,304 3,385 3,318 3,459 3,329 3,279
2,610 2,810 2,826 3,198 3,323 3,131
5.7
5.6
5.7
5.9
6.0
5.9
5.9
5.1
5.0
4.6
5.9
5.8
6.1

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

44,711 44,995 44,888 45,211 45,186 45,304 45,242 45,572 45,316 45,254 45,176 45,390 45,287
57.8
57.4
57.6
57.7
58.0
57.7
57.7
57.8
57.4
57.6
57.2
57.7
57.5
42,768 43,001 42,841 43,019 42,892 43,169 42,932 43,213 43,137 42,998 43,035 43,167 42,974
54.7
54.7
55.1
54.8
54.7
54.9
55.0
54.8
55.0
54.8
55.0
54.8
54.6
2,256 2,141
2,047 2,192 2,294 2,136 2,310 2,360 2,179
1,994
1,943
2,223
2,313
4.7
4.7
5.0
5.2
5.1
4.8
4.6
4.4
4.3
4.9
4.8
5.1
5.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,163
56.3
5,316
48.6
847
13.7
14.9
12.5

6,215
57.0
5,345
49.0
870
14.0
14.9
13.0

6,238
57.4
5,253
48.3
985
15.8
15.8
15.8

6,222
57.5
5,321
49.2
901
14.5
15.4
13.4

6,151
57.1
5,150
47.8
1,001
16.3
18.6
13.7

6,064
56.4
5,108
47.5
956
15.8
16.9
14.7

6,039
56.3
4,987
46.5
1,052
17.4
19.3
15.4

5,906
55.3
4,871
45.6
1,035
17.5
19.9
14.9

5,722
53.7
4,663
43.7
1,059
18.5
20.0
16.8

5,584
52.5
4,678
43.9
906
16.2
16.9
15.5

5,910
55.6
5,005
47.1
905
15.3
16.4
14.1

5,960
56.2
5,003
47.1
957
16.1
16.3
15.8

5,950
56.2
4,969
46.9
981
16.5
17.2
15.8

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

21,417 21,448 21,470 21,493 21,516 21,541 21,569 21,595 21,631 21,655 21,683 21,714 21,745
13,550 13,486 13,501 13,421 13,610 13,670 13,472 13,613 13,516 13,454 13,737 13,554 13,396
62.4
62.5
63.5
61.6
63.4
62.1
62.5
63.0
63.3
62.4
62.9
62.9
63.3
11,897 11,836 11,866 11,839 11,934 11,948 11,727 11,837 11,922 11,796 12,080 11,830 11,773
54.4
54.5
54.1
55.7
54.5
54.8
55.5
55.1
55.5
55.3
55.2
55.5
55.1
1,745
1,724
1,623
1,657
1,658
1,777
1,722
1,595
1,675
1,635
1,650
1,653
1,582
12.7
12.1
11.8
12.3
13.0
12.6
12.1
13.1
12.3
12.2
12.2
12.1
11.8

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,348
74.3
5,638
66.0
710
11.2

6,359
74.1
5,664
66.0
695
10.9

6,313
73.5
5,602
65.2
712
11.3

6,366
73.9
5,649
65.6
717
11.3

6,395
74.1
5,672
65.7
723
11.3

6,416
74.2
5,647
65.3
769
12.0

6,265
72.6
5,475
63.5
790
12.6

6,399
73.9
5,584
64.5
815
12.7

6,379
73.5
5,638
64.9
741
11.6

6,301
72.4
5,577
64.1
724
11.5

6,409
73.5
5,716
65.6
693
10.8

6,374
73.0
5,686
65.1
688
10.8

6,344
72.5
5,683
65.0
661
10.4

6,365
59.4
5,717
53.3
648
10.2

6,339
59.0
5,668
52.8
671
10.6

6,374
59.3
5,738
53.4
636
10.0

6,286
58.4
5,694
52.9
593
9.4

6,388
59.2
5,755
53.4
633
9.9

6,476
60.0
5,812
53.8
664
10.3

6,459
59.7
5,755
53.2
705
10.9

6,483
59.8
5,768
53.2
715
11.0

6,418
59.2
5,813
53.6
605
9.4

6,485
59.7
5,816
53.5
669
10.3

6,576
60.4
5,896
54.2
680
10.3

6,454
59.2
5,703
52.3
751
11.6

6,353
58.2
5,631
51.6
722
11.4

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.

44




HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1990
Nov.

1991

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

837
38.9
542
25.2
295
35.2
33.2
37.5

788
36.9
504
23.6
284
36.0
36.4
35.6

814
38.4
526
24.8
288
35.4
34.6
36.1

769
36.4
497
23.5
272
35.4
35.5
35.2

826
39.2
507
24.1
319
38.6
38.4
38.9

779
37.1
490
23.3
289
37.1
38.4
35.7

747
35.1
497
23.3
250
33.5
36.7
30.1

732
34.8
485
23.0
247
33.7
37.4
28.9

719
34.3
470
22.4
249
34.6
31.8
37.4

668
31.9
403
19.3
265
39.7
37.5
42.3

752
36.0
468
22.4
284
37.8
40.8
33.6

726
34.8
441
21.1
285
39.3
35.4
43.5

699
33.6
459
22.0
240
34.3
35.8
32.7

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

14,474 14,514 14,553 14,593 14,632 14,672 14,711 14,751 14,790 14,829 14,869 14,908 14,948
9,737 9,834 9,747
9,695
9,696
9,578
9,675
9,569
9,500
9,818
9,924
9,863
9,739
65.7
66.0
65.9
66.3
65.6
66.5
65.9
65.6
66.6
66.3
66.5
66.4
65.7
8,683 8,676 8,779 8,664 8,700 8,859 8,756 8,781
8,903 8,778 8,764 8,871
8,812
59.5
59.4
59.8
60.0
59.2
60.2
59.5
60.4
59.5
60.3
59.0
59.5
58.9
939
893
817
956
880
997
914
896
1,006
1,053
1,098
969
931
9.7
8.6
9.8
9.0
10.3
9.5
9.3
9.3
9.9
9.5
10.2
10.6
11.1

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
2




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

45

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1990

1991

Category
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

CHARACTERISTIC

Total
Married men, spouse present ....
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families ...

117,386 117,574 116,922 116,918 116,754 117,398 116,591 116,884 116,712 116,416 117,165 116,967 116,758
40,844 40,728 40,316 40,482 40,296 40,502 40,280 40,337 40,503 40,462 40,510 40,531 40,467
29,713 29,776 29,599 29,680 29,514 29,762 29,608 29,877 29,993 29,915 29,843 29,852 29,761
6,341
6,367 6,386 6,384 6,470 6,371
6,350 6,520 6,489 6,467 6,574 6,443 6,484

OCCUPATION

Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

30,732 30,777 30,699 31,093 30,764 30,990 30,908 30,842 30,926 30,850 31,002 31,110 31,174
36,380
15,861
13,428
17,752
3,360

36,242
15,904
13,524
17,695
3,436

36,360
15,746
13,399
17,227
3,437

36,100
15,773
13,333
16,997
3,499

36,265
15,948
13,212
17,051
3,387

36,515
15,882
13,197
17,150
3,464

1,681
1,386
116

1,671
1,473
102

1,603
1,396
157

1,629
1,448
168

1,556
1,412
134

1,660
1,450
95

1,703
1,421
117

1,748
1,431
115

1,678
1,497
120

1,704
1,480
102

1,746
1,431
118

1,629
1,436
126

1,687
1,507
118

105,267
17,633
87,634
992
86,642
8,800
255

105,095
17,640
87,455
1,013
86,442
8,896
238

104,698
17,680
87,018
967
86,051
8,738
232

104,569
17,792
86,777
953
85,824
8,876
239

104,455
17,829
86,626
980
85,646
8,926
224

104,697
18,064
86,633
943
85,690
9,209
213

104,613
17,904
86,709
934
85,775
8,732
206

104,345
17,898
86,447
1,005
85,441
8,968
260

104,422
17,969
86,453
1,113
85,340
8,860
229

104,122
17,908
86,214
1,058
85,156
8,817
212

104,744
17,955
86,789
1,013
85,775
8,980
195

104,442
18,165
86,277
998
85,279
8,980
243

104,382
17,784
86,598
937
85,661
8,966
239

36,233 36,283
15,793 16,142
13,181 13,207
17,188 16,974
3,451
3,502

35,891 35,876
16,138 15,939
13,057 13,102
17,184 17,121
3,540
3,466

36,096 36,132
16,075 16,034
13,045 13,152
17,509 17,161
3,451
3,430

35,874
16,147
13,025
17,253
3,456

INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,438 5,581
5,510
2,928
2,908
2,786
2,302
2,214
2,340
15,048 15,081 14,833

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,163
2,625
2,262
14,658

1

6,062 6,163
6,162
3,383
3,252 3,303
2,494 2,462
2,401
14,971 14,819 15,027




5,892 6,374 6,328 6,461
3,073
3,438
3,300
3,417
2,621
2,824
2,612
2,728
15,040 15,046 14,976 14,869

5,803 5,889 5,956 5,702 5,425
5,605
5,643 6,130
5,262 5,178
3,181
2,971
2,886
3,207
2,692 3,067 3,107
2,964
2,915
2,742
2,404
2,403
2,533
2,638
2,133
2,349
2,463
2,229 2,435
2,218
14,650 14,461 14,528 14,452 14,641 14,377 15,168 14,737 14,591 14,579

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey

46

5,932 5,705 5,881
3,091
3,138
3,146
2,556
2,325 2,505
14,876 15,598 15,208

6,116
3,253
2,563
14,484

period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

6,185
3,100
2,741
14,406

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1991

1990
Sex and age
Nov.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

117,386 117,574 116,922 116,918 116,754 117,398 116,591 116,884 116,712 116,416 117,165 116,967 116,758
18,518
5,973
2,225
3,739
12,545
98,847
84,075
14,812

18,572
5,997
2,224
3,774
12,575
98,937
84,070
14,901

18,442
5,889
2,215
3,704
12,554
98,463
83,717
14,628

18,274
5,982
2,360
3,631
12,292
98,605
83,866
14,687

18,186
5,879
2,177
3,695
12,306
98,529
83,821
14,720

18,192
5,798
2,146
3,643
12,394
99,150
84,342
14,778

17,822
5,672
2,102
3,549
12,151
98,727
84,165
14,583

17,587
5,537
2,153
3,381
12,050
99,358
84,572
14,757

17,430
5,291
1,957
3,372
12,138
99,357
84,606
14,740

17,347
5,228
1,973
3,293
12,119
99,046
84,481
14,534

17,849
5,619
2,127
3,466
12,230
99,371
84,684
14,745

17,753
5,593
2,157
3,441
12,160
99,197
84,566
14,597

17,790
5,566
2,093
3,473
12,224
99,021
84,538
14,505

64,337 64,327 63,798 63,604 63,532 63,802 63,443 63,405 63,389 63,328 63,836 63,702 63,628
9,277 9,240
9,264 9,114 9,128 9,116 9,381
9,695 9,758 9,594 9,483 9,392 9,371
3,120 3,139 3,063 3,071 2,981 2,897 2,887 2,780 2,706 2,715 2,945 2,885 2,823
1,057
1,093
995 1,096
1,036
1,114
1,080
1,075
1,092
1,215
1,205
1,172
1,179
1,783
1,789
1,833
1,726
1,706
1,662
1,810
1,782
1,895
1,857
1,886
1,966
1,950
6,474 6,377 6,333 6,423 6,400 6,436 6,392 6,417
6,575 6,619 6,530 6,412 6,412
54,637 54,546 54,190 54,084 54,113 54,433 54,154 54,336 54,272 54,179 54,514 54,391 54,387
46,137 46,035 45,819 45,742 45,761 45,962 45,828 45,947 45,981 45,968 46,225 46,129 46,103
8,187 8,302 8,264 8,278
8,498 8,553 8,318 8,326 8,353 8,415 8,330 8,368 8,291
53,049 53,247 53,125 53,314 53,222 53,596 53,148 53,479 53,323 53,088 53,330 53,264 53,130
8,559 8,473 8,301 8,232 8,468 8,477 8,550
8,823 8,814 8,848 8,791 8,793 8,821
2,899 2,901 2,785 2,756 2,586 2,513 2,674 2,709 2,742
2,853 2,858 2,825 2,911
1,039
1,036
1,064
978 1,031
921
1,022
1,071
1,085
1,145
1,010
1,052
1,046
1,567
1,666
1,719
1,774
1,690
1,652
1,633
1,767
1,833
1,800
1,818
1,808
1,789
5,895 5,920 5,774 5,717 5,716 5,719 5,795 5,768 5,807
5,970 5,956 6,023 5,881
44,210 44,391 44,273 44,521 44,416 44,717 44,573 45,022 45,085 44,866 44,858 44,806 44,634
37,938 38,035 37,898 38,124 38,060 38,380 38,337 38,624 38,625 38,513 38,459 38,438 38,435
6,314 6,348 6,310 6,361 6,367 6,363 6,253 6,389 6,449 6,347 6,444 6,333 6,227

A-37. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1990

1991

Sex and age
Nov.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years

55 years and over




Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

7,337

7,600

7,715

8,158

8,572

8,274

8,640

8,745

8,501

8,488

8,442

8,582

8,499

2,428
1,172
507
662
1,256
4,910
4,403
513

2,463
1,192
524
665
1,271
5,160
4,664
501

2,617
1,307
541
745
1,310
5,162
4,618
510

2,682
1,233
480
741
1,449
5,501
4,940
582

2,770
1,353
576
785
1,417
5,811
5,205
638

2,680
1,283
578
709
1,397
5,678
5,117
588

2,864
1,339
539
826
1,525
5,715
5,134
624

2,825
1,313
545
772
1,512
5,893
5,167
691

2,905
1,371
618
739
1,534
5,542
4,992
616

2,678
1,230
555
667
1,448
5,765
5,107
645

2,725
1,237
549
711
1,488
5,720
5,135
589

2,844
1,291
594
699
1,553
5,680
5,144
548

2,773
1,260
546
717
1,513
5,718
5,133
606

4,109

4,277

4,292

4,706

4,962

4,743

4,957

5,043

5,001

4,882

4,976

4,856

4,771

1,335
644
280
367
691
2,764
2,448
335

1,363
662
295
366
701
2,937
2,625
316

1,461
681
278
381
780
2,897
2,535
319

1,520
662
287
375
858
3,201
2,847
367

1,638
778
364
421
860
3,344
2,951
399

1,566
691
304
389
875
3,246
2,888
390

1,577
773
291
495
804
3,326
2,953
410

1,627
771
287
478
856
3,379
2,903
413

1,665
750
329
405
915
3,288
2,940
412

1,508
665
296
369
843
3,330
2,894
427

1,607
711
300
418
896
3,345
2,979
366

1,539
663
300
361
876
3,288
2,951
340

1,510
690
282
411
820
3,255
2,923
344

3,228

3,323

3,423

3,452

3,610

3,531

3,683

3,702

3,500

3,606

3,466

3,726

3,728

1,093
528
227
295
565
2,146
1,955
178

1,100
530
229
299
570
2,223
2,039
185

1,156
626
263
364
530
2,265
2,083
191

1,162
571
193
366
591
2,300
2,092
214

1,132
575
212
364
557
2,467
2,254
239

1,113
592
274
320
521
2,432
2,229
198

1,287
566
248
331
721
2,389
2,182
214

1,198
542
258
294
656
2,514
2,264
277

1,239
621
289
334
618
2,254
2,052
204

1,171
565
259
298
606
2,435
2,212
217

1,118
526
249
293
592
2,375
2,155
223

1,305
628
294
338
677
2,392
2,193
208

1,263
570
264
306
693
2,464
2,210
262

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

47

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1990

1991

Sex and age
Nov.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

48




Dec,

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

5.9

6.1

6.2

6.5

6.8

6.6

6.9

7.0

6.8

6.8

6.7

6.8

6.8

11.6
16.4
18.6
15.0
9.1
4.7
5.0
3.3

11.7
16.6
19.1
15.0
9.2
5.0
5.3
3.3

12.4
18.2
19.6
16.7
9.5
5.0
5.2
3.4

12.8
17.1
16.9
16.9
10.5
5.3
5.6
3.8

13.2
18.7
20.9
17.5
10.3
5.6
5.8
4.2

12.8
18.1
21.2
16.3
10.1
5.4
5.7
3.8

13.8
19.1
20.4
18.9
11.2
5.5
5.7
4.1

13.8
19.2
20.2
18.6
11.1
5.6
5.8
4.5

14.3
20.6
24.0
18.0
11.2
5.3
5.6
4.0

13.4
19.0
22.0
16.8
10.7
5.5
5.7
4.2

13.2
18.0
20.5
17.0
10.8
5.4
5.7
3.8

13.8
18.8
21.6
16.9
11.3
5.4
5.7
3.6

13.5
18.5
20.7
17.1
11.0
5.5
5.7
4.0

6.0

6.2

6.3

6.9

7.2

6.9

7.2

7.4

7.3

7.2

7.2

7.1

7.0

12.1
17.1
19.2
15.8
9.5
4.8
5.0
3.8

12.3
17.4
20.1
15.7
9.6
5.1
5.4
3.6

13.2
18.2
18.7
16.8
10.7
5.1
5.2
3.7

13.8
17.7
19.1
16.8
11.8
5.6
5.9
4.2

14.9
20.7
25.0
18.2
11.8
5.8
6.1
4.6

14.3
19.3
22.0
17.7
11.9
5.6
5.9
4.4

14.5
21.1
21.2
21.7
11.2
5.8
6.1
4.7

15.1
21.7
20.5
22.3
11.9
5.9
5.9
4.7

15.4
21.7
24.1
19.2
12.5
5.7
6.0
4.7

14.2
19.7
22.9
17.6
11.6
5.8
5.9
5.0

14.6
19.4
21.5
18.6
12.2
5.8
6.1
4.2

14.2
18.7
21.5
16.8
12.0
5.7
6.0
4.0

14.0
19.6
21.1
18.7
11.3
5.6
6.0
4.0

5.7

5.9

6.1

6.1

6.4

6.2

6.5

6.5

6.2

6.4

6.1

6.5

6.6

11.0
15.6
17.8
14.2
8.6
4.6
4.9
2.7

11.1
15.6
17.9
14.2
8.7
4.8
5.1
2.8

11.6
18.1
20.7
16.7
8.1
4.9
5.2
2.9

11.7
16.4
14.4
17.1
9.1
4.9
5.2
3.3

11.4
16.6
16.3
16.8
8.6
5.3
5.6
3.6

11.2
16.9
20.4
14.9
8.1
5.2
5.5
3.0

13.1
16.9
19.5
15.8
11.1
5.1
5.4
3.3

12.4
16.4
19.9
14.6
10.3
5.3
5.5
4.2

13.0
19.4
23.9
16.7
9.8
4.8
5.0
3.1

12.5
18.4
20.9
16.0
9.6
5.1
5.4
3.3

11.7
16.4
19.5
15.2
9.3
5.0
5.3
3.3

13.3
18.8
21.6
17.0
10.5
5.1
5.4
3.2

12.9
17.2
20.3
15.3
10.7
5.2
5.4
4.0

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1990

1991

Category
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug. Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

5.9
5.4
5.1
16.4

6.1
5.6
5.3
16.6

6.2
5.6
5.3
18.2

6.5
6.3
5.4
17.1

6.8
6.5
5.7
18.7

6.6
6.2
5.5
18.1

6.9
6.5
5.8
19.1

7.0
6.6
5.9
19.2

6.8
6.5
5.4
20.6

6.8
6.5
5.7
19.0

6.7
6.5
5.5
18.0

6.8
6.4
5.8
18.8

6.8
6.3
5.9
18.5

5.0
11.0
12.2
8.6

5.3
11.1
12.2
9.3

5.5
10.7
12.1
9.3

5.9
10.7
11.8
9.5

6.2
11.1
12.3
10.3

5.8
11.2
12.6
9.0

6.1
11.5
13.0
9.7

6.2
11.4
13.1
9.8

6.2
10.5
11.8
9.5

6.1
11.1
12.3
9.9

6.0
11.0
12.1
11.1

6.0
11.5
12.7
10.6

6.1
10.9
12.1
10.2

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

3.7
4.1
8.7

3.8
4.1
8.7

4.0
4.1
9.0

4.3
4.4
9.1

4.5
4.8
9.0

4.4
4.5
9.9

4.4
4.6
9.1

4.7
4.7
9.2

4.3
4.3
8.3

4.3
4.4
9.6

4.5
4.5
8.9

4.2
4.4
9.5

4.5
4.5
9.1

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

5.7
7.3
1.4
6.7

5.8
7.6
1.4
6.9

6.0
7.7
1.5
7.0

6.4
7.6
1.6
7.5

6.5
9.1
1.7
7.7

6.3
8.1
1.8
7.6

6.5
9.0
1.8
7.7

6.6
8.6
2.0
7.6

6.5
8.3
1.9
7.5

6.5
8.2
1.9
7.6

6.4
8.3
1.9
7.7

6.6
8.2
2.0
7.7

6.5
8.6
2.1
7.9

2.2
4.6
6.9
9.4
6.2

2.2
4.8
7.0
9.6
6.9

2.7
4.5
7.3
10.0
7.6

2.4
5.0
7.6
11.6
7.9

2.7
5.3
7.6
11.2
9.1

2.6
5.2
7.8
10.8
6.5

3.0
5.3
8.0
10.2
7.1

2.8
5.2
7.8
11.5
7.6

2.9
4.9
8.5
10.6
6.7

2.9
5.1
8.3
10.1
8.1

2.8
5.1
8.0
9.7
8.1

2.9
5.1
8.1
9.9
7.7

2.9
5.2
8.2
9.8
8.3

6.2
7.9
4.7
13.3
6.5
6.9
5.9
5.4
4.1
6.7
4.7
2.8
9.8

6.3
8.1
5.8
14.0
6.5
6.6
6.4
5.4
4.2
6.6
4.8
2.7
12.3

6.4
8.2
7.5
14.5
6.4
6.8
5.9
5.6
4.4
7.0
4.9
3.0
11.9

6.9
9.1
6.0
15.5
7.4
8.1
6.5
5.9
5.3
7.4
5.0
3.2
11.5

7.2
9.0
7.1
14.1
7.6
8.2
6.8
6.4
5.5
7.9
5.6
3.7
13.8

7.0
9.2
7.5
15.0
7.6
8.3
6.6
6.0
5.4
7.3
5.2
3.2
9.9

7.2
9.0
6.4
14.7
7.4
7.7
7.0
6.4
5.5
7.7
5.7
3.2
11.2

7.4
9.7
8.5
15.6
8.2
8.4
7.9
6.3
5.4
7.6
5.7
2.8
12.2

7.1
9.1
8.7
16.7
7.0
7.1
6.9
6.2
5.1
8.1
5.1
2.8
11.5

7.0
8.9
7.5
15.1
7.2
7.4
6.9
6.2
5.1
7.6
5.5
3.3
11.9

6.9
8.7
11.1
15.7
6.6
6.7
6.6
6.2
4.7
7.8
5.3
3.4
10.9

7.0
9.0
7.5
16.2
7.0
7.5
6.3
6.1
4.9
7.8
5.3
3.6
12.0

7.2
9.2
9.6
16.0
7.3
6.8
7.9
6.3
5.7
7.3
5.7
3.4
12.7

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin

OCCUPATION3
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.
2




3
Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not available
because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle
and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with
sufficient precision.

49

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1991

1990
Weeks of unemployment
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

3,277
2,334
1,727
938
789

3,280
2,518
1,739
940
799

3,410
2,490
1,829
981
848

3,473
2,736
1,975
1,053
921

3,515
2,904
2,184
1,236
947

3,287
2,745
2,229
1,226
1,003

3,654
2,717
2,234
1,206
1,028

3,427
2,862
2,573
1,411
1,162

3,368
2,722
2,348
1,215
1,132

3,385
2,602
2,396
1,221
1,175

3,322
2,832
2,362
1,224
1,138

3,266
2,784
2,537
1,410
1,127

3,270
2,680
2,581
1,274
1,307

12.4
5.9

12.4
5.9

12.4
5.9

12.8
6.1

13.0
6.6

13.7
7.0

12.9
6.5

14.2
6.9

13.9
6.6

14.0
7.2

14.0
7.5

14.3
7.4

14.9
7.7

100.0
44.7
31.8
23.5
12.8
10.8

100.0
43.5
33.4
23.1
12.5
10.6

100.0
44.1
32.2
23.7
12.7
11.0

100.0
42.4
33.4
24.1
12.9
11.3

100.0
40.9
33.8
25.4
14.4
11.0

100.0
39.8
33.2
27.0
14.8
12.1

100.0
42.5
31.6
26.0
14.0
11.9

100.0
38.7
32.3
29.0
15.9
13.1

100.0
39.9
32.3
27.8
14.4
13.4

100.0
40.4
31.0
28.6
14.6
14.0

100.0
39.0
33.3
27.7
14.4
13.4

100.0
38.0
32.4
29.5
16.4
13.1

100.0
38.3
31.4
30.3
14.9
15.3

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Averaoe (mean) duration in weeks
Median duration in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1990

1991

Reasons for unemployment
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

3,756
1,136
2,620
996
1,926
655

3,797
1,150
2,647
1,024
2,128
662

4,068
1,131
2,938
899
2,044
672

4,515
1,485
3,031.
• 989
1,994
633

4,703
1,430
3,273
1,080
2,090
699

4,528
1,370
3,158
987
2,053
741

4,657
1,343
3,314
1,053
2,202
779

4,869
1,389
3,481
1,090
2,143
741

4,596
1,188
3,408
990
2,047
821

4,665
1,281
3,384
883
2,112
762

4,801
1,129
3,672
929
2,017
782

4,722
1,194
3,527
989
2,091
828

4,635
1,163
3,472
993
2,096
763

100.0
51.2
15.5
35.7
13.6
26.3
8.9

100.0
49.9
15.1
34.8
13.5
28.0
8.7

100.0
53.0
14.7
38.2
11.7
26.6
8.7

100.0
55.5
18.3
37.3
12.2
24.5
7.8

100.0
54.9
16.7
38.2
12.6
24.4
8.2

100.0
54.5
16.5
38.0
11.9
24.7
8.9

100.0
53.6
15.5
38.1
12.1
25.3
9.0

100.0
55.1
15.7
39.4
12.3
24.2
8.4

100.0
54.4
14.1
40.3
11.7
24.2
9.7

100.0
55.4
15.2
40.2
10.5
25.1
9.0

100.0
56.3
13.2
43.1
10.9
23.6
9.2

100.0
54.7
13.8
40.9
11.5
24.2
9.6

100.0
54.6
13.7
40.9
11.7
24.7
9.0

3.0
.8
1.5
.5

3.0
.8
1.7
.5

3.3
.7
1.6
.5

3.6
.8
1.6
.5

3.8
.9
1.7
.6

3.6
.8
1.6
.6

3.7
.8
1.8
.6

3.9
.9
1.7
.6

3.7
.8
1.6
.7

3.7
.7
1.7

3.8
.7
1.6
.6

3.8
.8
1.7
.7

3.7
.8
1.7
.6

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

50




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1940 to date

(In thousands)
Service-producing

Goods-producing
Year
and
month

Total

Total
private

Total

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Total

Transportation
and
public
utilities

Wholesale
trade

Retail
trade

Finance,
insurance,
and
Services
real
estate

Government

Federal

State

Local

0
0
0

()

()

Annual averages
32,361
36,539
40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

28,159
31,877
34,624
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

13,221
15,963
18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

925
957
992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930

1,311
1,814
2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194

10,985
13,192
15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

19,140
20,574
21,636
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189

3,038
3,274
3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

1,841
1,966
1,912
1,828
1,851
1,955
2,298
2,478
2,612
2,610

4,909
5,244
5,206
5,154
5,208
5,359
6,077
6,477
6,659
6,654

1,485
1,525
1,509
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828

3,665
3,905
4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,239

996
1,340
2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908

45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186

18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411

901
929
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675

26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

2,643
2,735
2,821
2,862
2,875
2,934
3,027
3,037
2,989
3,092

6,743
7,007
7,184
7,385
7,360
7,601
7,831
7,848
7,761
8,035

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,356
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

1,168
1,250
1,328
1,415
1,484

3,558
3,819
4,071
4,232
4,366

54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384

45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189

20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

3,153
3,142
3,207
3,258
3,347
3,477
3,608
3,700
3,791
3,919

8,238
8,195
8,359
8,520
8,812
9,239
9,637
9,906
10,308
10,785

2,628
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378

10,045
10,567
11,169

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758

1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533

4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904

1979

70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

47,302
48,278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

4,006
4,014
4,127
4,291
4,447
4,430
4,562
4,723
4,985
5,221

11,034
11,338
11,822
12,315
12,539
12,630
13,193
13,792
14,556
14,972

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975

11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,302
16,252
17,112

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773

2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541

7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

90,406
91,156
89.566
90,200
94,496
97,519
99,525
102,200
105,536
108,329

74,166
75,126
73,729
74,330
78,472
81,125
82,832
85,190
88,150
90,550

25,658
25,497
23,813
23,334
24,727
24,859
24,558
24,708
25,173
25,322

1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
927
777
717
713

693

4,346
4,188
3,905
3,948
4,383
4,673
4,816
4,967
5,110
5,187

20,285
20,170
18,781
18,434
19,378
19,260
18,965
19,024
19,350
19,442

64,748
65,659
65,753
66,866
69,769
72,660
74,967
77,492
80,363
83,007

5,146
5,165
5,082
4,954
5,159
5,238
5,255
5,372
5,527
5,644

5,292
5,376
5,296
5,286
5,574
5,736
5,774
5,865
6,055
6,221

15,018
15,172
15,161
15,595
16,526
17,336
17,909
18,462
19,077
19,549

5,160
5,298
5,341
5,468
5,689
5,955
6,283
6,547
6,649
6,695

17,890
18,619
19,036
19,694
20,797
21,999
23,053
24,235
25,669
27,120

2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899
2,943
2,971
2,988

3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,832
3,893
3,967
4,076
4,182

9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,687
9,901
10,100
10,339
10,609

1990

109,971

91,649

24,958

711

5,136

19,111

85,014

5,826

6,205

19,683

6,739

28,240

3,085

4,303

10,934

1940
1941

1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949

1950
1951
1952

1953
1954

1955
1956
1957
1958

19592
1960
1961
1962

1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972

1973
1974
1975
1976

1977
1978

7,619
7,982
8,277

8,660
9,036
9,498

o

o
o
1
()

0)

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
1990:
November
December
1991:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October"
November"
1

109,761
109,621

91,406
91,268

24,481
24,375

712
715

4,962
4,911

18,807
18,749

85,280
85,246

5,852
5,867

6,180
6,166

19,628
19,579

6,740
6,733

28,525
28,548

2,964
2,948

4,345
4,347

11,046
11,058

109,418
109,160
108,902
108,736
108,887
108,885
108,859
108,971
109,066
109,070
108,829

91,053
90,771
90,495
90,312
90,447
90,429
90,439
90,557
90,642
90,610
90,378

24,181
24,039
23,877
23,794
23,847
23,792
23,798
23,826
23,797
23,723
23,593

713
715
714
710
706
704
701
693
684
678
676

4,797
4,792
4,720
4,688
4,715
4,710
4,695
4,691
4,699
4,671
4,576

18,671
18,532
18,443
18,396
18,426
18,378
18,402
18,442
18,414
18,374
18,341

85,237
85,121
85,025
84,942
85,040
85,093
85,061
85,145
85,269
85,347
85,236

5,866
5,834
5,824
5,814
5,819
5,809
5,809
5,820
5,829
5,829
5,826

6,138
6,119
6,105
6,086
6,085
6,068
6,064
6,050
6,049
6,043
6,032

19,542
19,464
19,378
19,324
19,339
19,345
19,347
19,343
19,338
19,294
19,183

6,736
6,732
6,735
6,718
6,712
6,703
6,688
6,687
6,692
6,698
6,702

28,590
28,583
28,576
28,576
28,645
28,712
28,733
28,831
28,937
29,023
29,042

2,952
2,951
2,951
2,953
2,952
2,971
2,963
2,967
2,979
2,986
2,988

4,352
4,354
4,359
4,352
4,348
4,359
4,338
4,337
4,328
4,322
4,325

11,061
11,084
11,097
11,119
11,140
11,126
11,119
11,110
11,117
11,152
11,138

Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonfarm total for the March 1959 benchmark
month.
p
= preliminary.
2




NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1990
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1990) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1987) are subject to revision.

51

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

110,721 110,691 109,421 109,795 109,803

Total

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

-

-

-

Oct.
1991P
-

Nov.
1991P
-

92,128 91,937 91,257 91,090 90,952 74,709 74,526 73,920 73,803 73,667

Total private

718

Mining
Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

Production workers1

All employees

10
101
102

58.4
7.3
15.3

719
58.4
7.2
15.4

693
59.2
9.0
15.9

686

681

58.4
8.6
15.9

_
_
-

45.5
5.3
12.5

45.5
5.2
12.6

519

519

487

484

46.6
7.0
13.1

45.7
6.5
13.1

_

492

-

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

147.2
137.4

146.7
136.9

136.7
127.1

135.5
126.0

_
-

118.7
110.8

118.5
110.6

110.9
103.1

109.8
102.1

-

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

399.1
187.8
206.9

402.3
187.5
210.4

387.0
190.4
191.8

383.8
188.6
190.3

382.8
_
-

268.3
92.9
172.1

271.0
92.8
174.9

251.7
95.3
153.2

249.6
95.0
151.4

_
_
-

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals

14
142
144
147

113.4
42.2
35.0
16.5

111.3
41.4
34.0
16.5

110.0
41.0
33.8
16.1

108.1
39.8
33.4
16.0

_
_
_
-

86.4
32.9
_
-

84.3
32.0
_
-

82.8
31.5
_
-

81.9
30.9
_
-

_
_
_
-

5,252

5,085

4,948

4,886

4,700

4,101

3,945

3,832

3,781

3,596

1,316.4 1,273.9 1,208.6 1,191.1 1,157.9
649.7
624.7
603.8
594.3
_
35.5
32.9
37.1
33.1
613.7
629.6
571.9
563.7
-

953.0
453.9
15.3
483.8

918.6
434.7
14.4
469.5

868.6
420.0
14.2
434.4

853.4
411.1
14.5
427.8

_
_
_
-

695.1
237.5
457.6

647.2
211.1
436.1

657.7
227.7
430.0

649.0
220.4
428.6

_
_
-

2,452.4 2,378.8 2,306.1 2,278.1
485.5
475.7
452.2
448.3
154.8
146.5
144.5
143.1
438.2
417.0
431.3
416.6
423.5
405.6
392.9
386.2
126.2
143.0
134.7
132.9
175.8
174.6
169.7
167.5

_

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

15
152
153
154

Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

16
161
162

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174

175
176

771.9
262.8
509.1

_
-

3,112.3 3,035.3 2,958.5 2,922.9
658.7
647.9
620.3
616.6
184.8
177.1
175.0
173.0
556.6
541.1
540.8
562.3
474.4
492.7
460.8
452.7
177.4
170.4
182.5
190.9
219.0
218.0
212.7
210.3

_
_
_
_
-

823.7
280.3
543.4

775.5
254.1
521.4

780.6
269.8
510.8

18,876

18,564

18,496

18,417

12,984

12,788

12,606

12,558

12,484

11,050

Durable goods

10,903

10,580

10,545

10,503

7,340

7,210

7,008

6,988

6,950

589.5
68.4
169.2
136.5
30.2
202.4
79.7
57.0
19.4
27.7
37.5
44.9
33.6
67.1

586.7
71.0
166.2
133.0
30.9
199.8
80.4
53.3
18.9
27.7
37.3
46.5
34.4
65.9

579.4
69.1
165.2
132.1
30.8
196.3
78.7
52.7
18.4
27.6
37.0
45.9
34.2
65.9

573.6
-

393.7
236.7
107.1
79.9
18.5
20.5

381.6
229.7
104.4
77.4
16.3
21.9

383.0
231.5
104.9
77.8
17.3
21.6

381.2
_
_
_
_
-

Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

737.2
88.3
197.3
159.1
35.3
259.4
105.9
72.6
23.3
31.5
45.5
62.1
43.2
84.6

718.8
83.3
194.8
157.5
34.3
252.7
103.0
71.6
22.6
30.9
44.7
60.1
41.9
83.2

713.0
85.2
191.8
154.0
35.0
249.5
103.6
67.5
22.0
30.9
44.2
60.9
42.7
81.4

704.7
83.2
190.5
152.7
35.0
245.8
101.7
66.9
21.5
30.8
44.0
60.0
42.1
81.2

699.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

606.2
73.2
171.5
138.0
31.0
208.1
82.2
58.0
20.0
28.2
38.2
46.9
35.1
68.3

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515

509.5
289.7
126.8
97.2
23.7
28.7

500.7
284.5
125.1
95.8
23.5
27.2

484.0
276.2
121.7
93.4
21.1
28.4

485.0
277.9
122.2
93.8
21.9
28.1

484.2
_
_
_
_
-

401.9
241.3
108.7
81.0
18.7
21.8

52




_
_
_
_
-

19,092

Manufacturing

See footnotes at end of table.

_

_
_
_
_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures—Continued
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

1987
SIC
Code

Alemployees
l
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Production workers

Oct.
1991 P

Nov.
1991 P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991 P

Nov.
1991 P

51.2
25.5
58.9
25.0

50.8
24.6
57.3
24.3

46.5
25.0
57.5
22.9

46.5
25.1
57.2
22.7

_
_
-

433.3
13.1
70.8
35.6
35.2
46.5
13.9
27.1
30.1
159.7
12.8
53.8
78.9
60.2
15.1
50
.
-

426.4
13.1
70.3
35.6
34.7
45.7
13.8
26.3
29.7
156.5
12.6
52.4
77.4
59.3
15.0
48
.
-

412.2
12.5
71.0
34.8
36.2
43.9
13.7
24.9
28.6
150.9
12.0
50.5
75.1
56.6
15.1
44
.
-

411.0
12.5
70.8
34.6
36.2
43.9
13.7
24.9
28.9
150.3
12.0
50.6
74.5
55.9
15.1
43
.
-

405.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

572.2
209.8
159.7
18.7
105.6
65.4
65
.
21.7
34.3
20.2
123.9
17.4
19.3
53.2
66.1
19.7

566.4
209.6
159.7
18.7
104.6
64.5
65
.
21.5
32.8
18.8
122.1
17.0
19.2
52.7
64.7
19.3

544.4
198.1
150.3
17.8
99.1
61.6
63
.
19.8
34.1
20.6
120.0
17.1
18.5
51.4
63.1
18.1

539.1
194.6
146.9
17.7
98.7
61.4
63
.
19.6
34.0
20.6
118.6
16.8
18.3
50.5
63.1
18.2

534.9
193.8
_
_

1,424.1 1,409.7 1,365.9 1,364.9 1,359.4 1,051.4 1,037.4 1,003.2 1,002.3
48.7
_
48.4
48.9
47.5
42.0
41.0
42.1
41.5
34.0
34.8
34.3
34.7
39.7
38.9
39.5
39.8
95.2
122.6
129.8 127.4 122.8
90.5
93.0
90.4
_
44.4
44.0
42.3
42.4
32.5
32.2
31.0
31.2
69.4
69.0
_
54.7
73.7
71.8
52.9
51.9
51.5
_
60.4
59.7
43.6
58.1
58.3
43.0
41.6
41.8
24.8
_
25.1
25.6
19.1
24.8
18.7
18.8
18.8
_
19.7
20.7
20.8
19.9
14.0
13.0
13.9
13.2
_
428.7 426.0 412.0 410.3
304.7 301.7 291.2 289.2
72.2
57.2
72.6
_
79.3
79.1
56.7
52.0
51.6
74.4
_
76.4
75.1
55.4
74.0
53.3
54.0
52.9
71.9
105.2 105.2
_
107.4 107.2
70.9
71.8
70.7
_
95.4
93.7
94.2
94.5
72.0
71.3
71.2
70.5
_
26.7
29.1
29.3
26.4
20.5
20.6
18.5
18.2
_
90.5
95.3
94.5
91.0
73.2
72.3
69.1
69.3
_
45.2
45.7
43.2
37.2
43.6
36.7
35.0
35.3
_
47.3
49.3
49.6
47.4
36.0
34.1
35.6
34.0
_
225.4 218.6 219.0
230.1
183.1
178.0 172.9
173.4
31.8
_
32.9
33.2
31.4
25.1
24.1
25.2
23.7
97.8
_
105.2 100.2
98.5
88.4
83.3
82.1
82.9
78.3
78.2
80.2
80.3
60.8
60.7
59.1
59.2
-

998.3
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

252
253
254
259

68.8
32.8
81.2
37.0

68.4
32.1
79.4
36.3

62.7
31.6
79.1
34.4

62.6
31.8
78.4
34.3

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

556.6
16.6
82.1
39.3
42.8
60.9
18.0
35.3
38.1
208.5
19.8
71.2
99.1
81.2
21.2
66
.
23.6

548.4
16.5
81.5
39.2
42.3
59.7
18.0
34.4
37.7
204.8
19.5
69.7
97.3
80.1
21.1
64
.
23.2

531.2
15.7
82.0
38.5
43.5
58.0
18.0
32.5
36.5
198.3
18.7
66.9
95.4
76.2
20.5
58
.
22.1

529.2
15.7
81.9
38.3
43.6
57.8
18.0
32.5
36.6
197.7
18.7
67.0
94.8
75.2
20.4
57
.
21.7

523.9
_

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

753.7
274.2
206.5
25.4
132.7
80.4
88
.
27.8
46.4
26.3
171.7
22.8
28.6
72.4
83.9
24.8

746.9
274.0
206.6
25.4
131.2
79.2
87
.
27.6
44.6
24.6
169.8
22.3
28.7
71.8
82.6
24.5

720.7
260.3
195.7
24.3
125.3
76.3
83
.
25.6
44.9
25.7
167.6
22.3
27.9
70.9
80.9
23.2

714.5
256.8
192.4
24.2
124.6
76.0
82
.
25.4
44.6
25.5
166.0
22.0
27.7
69.9
80.8
23.3

710.2
256.7
-

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469

_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




53

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Alemployees
l

1987
Industry

SIC
oode

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634

See footnotes at end of table.

54




3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

121.1
76.3
44.8
73.4
44.3
236.4
28.0
53.1

120.3
75.7
44.6
73.0
44.6
235.0
28.1
52.5

Sept.
1991

116.4
71.8
44.6
69.7
41.3
229.1
27.5
50.5

Production workers

Oct.
1991P

116.7
71.9
44.8
70.2
41.6
229.3
27.5
50.1

Nov.
1991P

_
_
_
_
_
-

Oct.
1990

94.3
59.7
34.6
45.9
25.0
169.4
18.5
39.7

Nov.
1990

93.7
59.2
34.5
45.9
25.5
168.3
18.7
39.3

Sept.
1991

89.9
55.3
34.6
42.6
22.4
163.3
18.9
37.6

Oct.
1991P

90.1
55.4
34.7
43.2
22.9
163.9
19.0
37.3

Nov.
1991P

_
_
_
_
_
_
-

2,069.8 2,061.6 1,971.7 1,964.7 1,956.0 1,240.3 1,233.9 1,170.9 1,166.6 1,157.3
89.9
89.3
88.7
89.0
58.5
55.9
56.2
58.0
_
_
_
29.4
27.3
29.3
16.1
17.4
27.5
17.5
16.2
_
_
59.4
59.6
62.6
61.8
42.4
38.5
38.7
41.8
98.7
_
70.2
71.1
_
104.3
104.9
97.6
75.6
76.6
72.4
_
56.4
52.1
51.4
_
78.6
77.5
73.0
55.5
226.5 225.6 212.3 210.2
138.6
127.6
126.1
_
137.9
_
_
75.7
46.1
45.4
84.0
82.3
76.7
50.9
49.5
15.9
_
_
91
.
18.1
17.9
15.9
11.2
92
.
11.1
43.3
44.3
43.4
42.9
27.1
27.3
27.0
_
27.8
_
_
33.9
32.2
18.9
17.8
17.7
34.3
32.3
19.3
_
_
25.8
27.3
27.0
25.7
18.3
16.7
16.8
18.1
_
_
327.4- 325.7 308.4 307.3
234.6 232.9 217.0 216.5
44.8
44.4
42.0
28.7
_
42.3
26.2
26.1
28.4
17.8
17.6
16.2
16.1
11.1
99
.
98
.
_
10.9
147.6 147.1
139.8 ' 139.9
114.6
106.3
114.0 106.3
_
_
35.4
55.2
54.7
50.2
38.9
35.3
50.6
38.5
_
_
21.3
21.3
20.2
20.5
14.2
14.8
13.9
14.8
_
_
157.3 156.0 146.8 145.9
83.5
92.8
83.3
91.6
17.8
17.7
16.6
11.8
10.9
11.7
_
16.8
11.1
_
_
13.7
25.3
24.8
23.6
12.0
12.0
23.9
13.0
_
_
22.8
22.7
20.9
13.7
12.2
21.0
12.2
13.7
_
150.5
_
246.3 247.3 238.5 237.7
151.0
156.5
157.5
31.6
31.6
30.7
30.6
17.4
18.1
17.3
18.1
_
_
33.4
43.3
40.9
40.8
31.8
31.9
33.6
43.1
25.4
_
13.7
_
25.7
26.0
25.4
13.8
14.1
14.4
31.8
31.9
31.4
31.5
21.3
21.2
21.3
_
21.3
16.4
16.3
15.1
15.0
10.5
11.5
10.5
11.5
19.2
19.1
18.4
18.3
12.1
12.8
12.0
12.7
_
_
433.4 432.2 414.2 411.1
134.6
131.2
134.0 133.2
275.7 274.7 260.1
257.2
65.0
69.9
62.6
69.6
64.4
170.2
116.0
314.5
22.7
244.5

64.6
167.2
113.7
313.4
22.4
244.0

64.0
167.1
114.9
298.1
21.5
233.5

63.6
165.3
113.3
299.5
21.3
234.3

_
_
_
-

20.4
118.6
83.6
230.5
18.5
184.7

21.0
115.8
81.7
229.6
18.1
184.3

26.3
114.6
81.7
217.9
17.5
175.2

26.3
113.1
80.3
218.6
17.3
175.7

1,655.0 1,643.9 1,583.9 1,584.3 1,579.9 1,043.9 1,034.9 1,000.3 1,002.0
91.0
66.9
62.7
62.7
95.8
96.0
91.3
66.8
_
32.6
34.0
48.2
46.5
46.5
34.0
32.6
48.1
47.7
44.5
32.9
30.1
30.1
47.8
44.8
32.8
_
165.7 164.7 159.7 159.1
111.7
115.9
111.2
115.0
78.0
59.9
60.0
62.7
62.0
80.7
77.8
81.2
_
38.8
39.5
39.4
38.3
64.6
64.2
62.8
62.2
122.7 121.4 121.8 122.7
97.0
97.7
96.6
98.3
21.4
22.5
22.2
26.0
27.5
21.1
26.2
28.0
_
15.7
20.4
15.8
15.9
15.7
20.2
20.3
20.2
26.3
27.2
25.3
32.6
33.8
34.5
25.0
32.9
-

_
_
_
998.5
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1987
SIC
Code

364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

Production workers

Al employees
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

188.6
23.8
72.7
16.9
24.6
83.1
61.6
258.3
125.5
573.5
31.1
235.7
138.4
167.3
31.0
69.5

185.9
23.7
71.9
16.8
23.7
82.6
61.7
255.8
124.1
570.8
31.0
234.7
137.5
166.7
31.0
68.9

Sept.
1991

177.1
22.3
68.4
15.6
21.4
80.0
60.3
246.4
121.5
543.6
27.9
227.2
131.4
164.0
31.1
68.3

Oct.
1991P

177.5
22.1
69.0
15.8
22.0
82.4
62.6
245.6
121.3
541.9
27.8
225.9
131.2
164.1
31.1
68.8

Nov.
1991P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

-

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

135.9
20.2
48.1
12.1
18.1
57.0
40.3
130.0
67.1
324.6
20.3
92.4
87.4
115.9
24.0
52.7

133.8
20.1
47.5
12.1
17.3
56.3
40.0
127.6
65.5
323.5
20.4
92.1
86.8
115.3
23.9
52.2

Sept.
1991

127.8
18.7
45.6
11.1
16.1
54.4
39.5
125.2
66.9
307.8
18.6
89.7
84.3
113.7
24.2
52.0

Oct.
1991P

128.5
18.6
46.1
11.4
16.7
57.0
41.9
124.3
66.6
305.7
18.6
88.3
83.6
114.3
24.3
52.6

Nov.
1991P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

1,966.9 1,903.6 1,872.3 1,859.2 1,856.0 1,220.9 1,164.5 1,169.3 1,162.2 1,158.4
799.6 622.9
815.1 761.4 806.7 797.8
573.6 621.1 614.6 614.9
_
_
319.9
240.8
327.7
329.9 296.7
210.6 243.8
237.3
_
_
35.4
39.3
27.7
30.6
36.5
36.8
26.8
28.2
_
398.2
319.5
403.5 387.9
315.5
305.0
398.1
316.5
_
_
24.9
26.5
19.2
20.6
19.4
24.8
25.3
19.2
_
638.4
339.3
694.6 689.8 641.3
308.7
336.1
307.6
_
158.8
366.3 363.3
144.0
156.8
340.2 339.8
144.6
_
_
136.9
77.4
150.4
150.7
77.4
138.6
69.8
68.6
_
177.6
161.7
176.1
103.1
162.5
94.4
94.9
101.9
_
_
176.1
185.4
135.4
140.8
174.6
182.5
138.5
136.8
_
_
127.6
97.4
132.5
95.7
125.9
130.6
95.2
96.8
_
_
48.5
43.4
48.7
52.9
51.9
40.2
42.8
40.0
_
_
29.7
32.9
22.4
24.2
33.0
24.5
30.6
21.6
_
_
164.2
181.4
182.0
56.1
165.4
46.3
55.6
46.2
_
118.4
131.4
131.4
31.4
36.8
119.3
36.9
31.6
_
_
40.5
28.8
40.9
43.0
44.2
26.3
27.7
26.1
15.8
15.4
16.2
12.5
15.9
12.5
11.8
12.5
-

Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

994.1
277.5
319.4
48.1
67.2
89.1
245.1
100.3
93.6
41.6
99.3
11.2

991.4
276.5
318.0
47.6
66.8
88.5
246.0
100.5
94.2
41.2
99.2
10.5

965.8
257.1
305.5
44.8
64.0
86.1
254.0
105.5
96.5
39.2
100.1
9.9

962.7
254.9
303.7
44.7
63.6
85.1
255.3
105.8
97.4
39.0
99.6
10.2

961.7
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

491.5
89.6
178.0
32.6
34.8
44.9
143.6
58.6
59.1
28.8
42.9
8.6

489.4
89.2
176.8
32.2
34.6
44.5
144.0
58.6
59.8
28.6
42.7
8.1

470.5
80.3
164.8
30.1
32.4
43.1
146.8
62.5
61.5
27.0
43.6
8.0

469.4
79.8
162.6
30.1
32.3
41.7
148.3
63.3
62.4
26.9
43.6
8.2

471.5
_
_
_
_

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

383.5
55.0
40.6
12.5
106.2
45.1
61.1
33.0
34.2
22.2
142.6
57.0

378.4
54.5
40.3
12.4
104.9
43.8
61.1
32.9
33.7
21.9
140.0
55.4

371.1
52.8
38.5
12.1
105.5
45.6
59.9
32.1
31.7
20.1
136.9
53.4

375.5
54.1
39.6
12.1
106.8
46.9
59.9
32.2
32.3
20.7
138.0
53.9

372.7
_
_
_

278.7
39.5
29.0
10.2
77.8
32.3
45.5
22.9
25.4
16.2
102.9
39.9

274.0
38.9
28.7
10.1
76.9
31.1
45.8
22.8
24.9
15.9
100.4
38.5

268.6
38.1
27.7
9.8
76.8
32.7
44.1
22.7
22.8
14.0
98.4
36.7

272.7
39.2
28.6
9.8
78.2
34.0
44.2
22.7
23.5
14.8
99.3
37.3

271.6
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




55

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yam and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339

See footnotes at end of table.

56



Production workers

All employees
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

5,644 5,578
7,914
5,570 5,534
5,598
8,042 7,973 7,984 7,951
1,719.6 1,682.7 1,759.8 1,719.5 1,686.1 1,250.8 1,216.7 1,295.1 1,258.3 1,225.6
436.2 441.1
378.4
376.5
369.0
443.3
431.8
372.8
_
141.3
139.7
123.2
122.8
120.4
118.8
145.1
144.2
_
_
66.5
87.6
88.9
88.4
66.4
66.3
87.8
67.0
203.7
187.2
185.4
183.9
210.6
206.0
188.8
209.1
_
151.7
152.9
93.4
93.6
150.5
153.5
92.2
93.4
_
_
41.1
31.0
31.8
40.0
40.1
41.2
30.8
31.9
_
73.7
35.9
71.9
73.9
36.0
36.6
72.1
36.6
_
270.7
234.1
275.6
230.5
317.5
271.9
231.0
194.4
_
_
22.0
19.0
22.1
23.0
23.3
18.3
19.1
17.8
101.7
79.7
105.1
88.4
127.8
67.4
91.9
142.6
50.7
48.1
41.7
47.8
54.2
56.8
47.9
54.5
_
128.7
91.2
90.4
128.8
128.3
129.0
91.0
90.2
22.4
14.4
22.6
22.6
22.5
15.2
15.1
14.7
44.1
44.7
44.9
28.0
28.8
43.9
27.9
28.8
_
215.4
134.2
212.0
215.2 211.0
135.2
136.2
136.1
154.1
87.9
150.8
151.0
154.1
88.6
87.6
88.8
61.3
114.2
6.9
5.4
15.4
56.0
31.4
186.2
39.2
102.7
186.2

61.1
116.5
9.1
5.4
12.1
59.5
31.1
183.7
39.3
101.3
184.7

60.0
110.8
7.1
5.4
10.7
57.6
31.3
184.7
38.7
102.2
183.0

61.2
120.0
8.2
5.3
15.8
59.8
32.3
182.2
38.4
100.6
179.7

51.6
35.2

50.6
35.2

51.1
34.8

50.5
34.5

681.4
89.5
76.8
17.4
24.3
200.3
31.8
38.5
54.4
29.3
25.7
61.2
24.5
24.0
61.7
99.2
78.3
14.1
51.0

679.9
90.0
76.6
16.9
24.2
202.4
32.0
38.4
56.8
29.1
25.9
60.4
24.4
23.7
60.7
97.5
76.8
14.0
51.2

675.0
88.1
73.8
17.5
24.4
202.7
30.9
39.5
56.0
28.8
26.7
62.3
24.8
24.8
60.1
95.1
74.3
14.0
51.0

675.5
88.1
73.8
17.4
24.5
202.8
30.9
39.3
56.1
28.9
26.8
62.6
25.1
24.9
60.2
95.1
74.4
13.9
51.0

_
-

47.5
92.6
5.1
3.9
13.7
47.4
22.3
78.2
23.1
33.4
138.1

47.4
93.6
7.1
4.0
10.4
49.7
22.1
77.1
23.0
33.2
136.9

46.3
87.4
5.3
3.9
9.1
47.4
20.7
79.2
23.1
34.6
136.9

47.6
96.3
6.4
3.9
14.0
49.2
21.8
78.2
22.9
34.1
134.2

49.1
-

38.4
26.0

37.7
26.1

38.8
26.1

38.3
25.8

36.5
-

675.1

582.7
79.6
67.2
14.1
20.7
173.7
28.4
34.2
46.8
25.1
22.3
49.7
19.8
19.2
50.5
88.6
70.2
12.4
38.6

583.0
80.1
67.4
13.6
20.5
176.1
28.6
34.1
49.4
25.0
22.4
49.2
19.8
19.1
49.9
87.1
68.8
12.3
39.1

579.0
78.4
64.7
14.5
20.5
177.0
27.6
35.1
49.7
24.9
22.9
51.1
20.1
20.2
48.9
84.6
66.5
12.1
39.3

579.7
78.2
64.9
14.4
20.6
177.0
27.6
35.0
49.8
24.9
22.9
51.4
20.4
20.3
49.1
84.9
66.7
12.1
39.2

579.1

873.1
41.5
230.5
53.1
68.8
37.9
280.1
32.0
56.4
32.5
159.2

861.9
41.7
229.6
52.6
68.6
37.4
276.1
31.3
55.5
30.6
158.7

871.3
40.7
239.0
56.1
74.1
38.2
276.4
31.0
53.0
33.8
158.6

879.1
40.6
240.3
55.8
74.7
38.2
280.9
31.3
53.2
34.4
162.0

880.1
_
_
_
_
_
_

_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

1,041.9 1,030.4 1,040.5 1,048.1 1,048.6
_
48.7
49.7
48.9
49.4
279.7
278.6
269.6
267.6
64.8
61.7
62.7
65.2
_
85.4
79.4
86.1
79.8
_
44.2
43.8
43.3
44.2
_
334.1
330.4
329.8
333.8
_
37.7
38.1
38.2
39.0
64.7
64.7
68.8
67.8
40.2
38.7
37.0
39.6
187.4
187.3
191.1
187.8
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

1987
SIC
Code

All employees
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Production workers

Oct.
1991P

234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

63.1
51.1
12.0
56.4
23.8
45.0
206.8
23.6
56.4
49.0

62.6
50.8
11.8
56.5
24.2
44.2
201.6
23.1
56.5
46.1

62.4
51.0
11.4
56.7
23.0
43.8
203.2
22.2
56.4
49.1

62.7
51.3
11.4
57.4
23.5
43.8
204.6
22.6
57.2
48.8

Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

26
262
263
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

699.8
177.9
51.4
211.1
118.6
16.1
50.7
245.6
46.1
35.6
26.5

697.3
178.0
51.2
210.7
118.9
15.8
50.8
243.7
46.1
35.6
26.5

692.9
177.6
49.9
209.1
118.0
15.9
49.9
242.4
45.6
35.9
25.6

691.7
176.5
49.8
209.5
118.7
15.6
50.2
242.1
45.6
35.8
25.5

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

_
_
-

51.7
43.6
8.1
47.7
20.9
37.1
169.9
19.4
46.8
40.4

51.1
43.1
8.0
All
21.1
36.5
164.6
19.0
47.1
37.2

51.0
43.1
7.9
48.2
20.4
35.8
166.1
18.4
47.5
40.2

51.5
43.5
8.0
49.0
20.9
35.7
167.0
18.7
48.3
39.8

_
_
-

690.5
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

526.0
134.4
39.8
163.4
89.0
13.6
40.9
177.8
22.2
26.9
20.6

523.3
134.4
39.8
163.0
89.1
13.3
41.0
175.6
22.2
26.7
20.6

522.7
135.2
38.7
162.8
88.8
13.7
40.6
175.2
22.5
26.7
19.8

521.5
134.3
38.5
163.2
89.3
13.5
40.9
174.9
22.3
26.6
19.7

521.6
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

1,570.2 1,573.9 1,523.9 1,524.6 1,529.1
_
477.5 477.0 458.7 459.6
_
129.7
129.9
125.0
124.9
_
117.4
120.2
117.4
116.7
_
82.8
84.9
82.3
81.8
_
34.6
35.3
35.1
34.9
_
82.5
81.2
81.9
81.6
_
551.7 553.2 535.3 535.6
_
366.9 367.7 355.4 356.3
_
167.1
167.9
162.2
161.7
_
50.0
49.8
48.2
48.2
_
71.8
70.9
69.3
69.0
63.8
64.0
61.7
61.7
-

868.9
166.9
47.8
61.0
33.0
28.0
41.8
401.6
266.9
120.6
34.8
55.1
46.5

871.0
166.6
48.1
63.2
34.6
28.6
41.6
402.1
267.2
120.8
34.8
54.4
46.9

838.9
159.1
44.6
63.0
34.4
28.6
39.5
387.0
256.4
116.3
33.5
52.6
44.7

839.9
159.9
44.6
62.1
33.6
28.5
39.7
387.7
257.5
116.0
33.6
52.6
44.6

843.8
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

1,092.7 1,091.1 1,090.6 1,089.3 1,088.6
_
142.1
141.9
138.0
138.2
_
95.5
95.5
92.4
92.4
_
179.8
179.8
178.0
177.8
_
85.8
85.8
85.6
85.4
_
63.9
63.8
61.9
61.9
_
238.7 239.9 248.3 248.8
_
197.9
198.7 204.7 205.1
_
160.4
158.3 158.0
157.3
_
43.5
44.0
43.9
44.1
_
46.0
45.5
45.6
45.6
70.9
68.8
68.5
67.6
_
61.5
60.9
59.6
59.0
154.1
154.3
154.3 153.1
_
27.7
27.7
28.1
28.1
122.3
122.5
122.3
121.1
_
55.4
55.5
55.8
56.2
100.7
100.5
98.6
98.9
-

598.8
72.0
49.8
114.3
50.2
43.5
105.4
89.1
98.6
28.0
24.9
45.7
31.3
84.0
16.6
64.6
33.5
59.7

595.6
72.3
49.9
113.8
50.3
43.1
105.9
89.6
96.5
28.2
24.5
43.8
30.7
83.4
16.6
64.0
33.7
59.3

581.3
65.2
45.0
109.4
50.3
39.6
107.7
91.5
97.0
27.8
25.1
44.1
30.6
78.9
16.1
60.1
33.7
58.8

579.4
64.3
44.5
109.4
50.2
39.6
107.1
91.0
96.7
28.0
25.1
43.6
30.3
78.2
16.4
59.1
34.1
59.3

578.6
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

160.1
118.1
29.1

159.3
118.6
27.8

161.6
121.1
27.7

160.7
120.5
27.4

158.7
_
-

105.4
75.3
22.6

104.3
75.5
21.3

104.9
76.5
21.5

103.9
75.9
21.1

101.9
_
-

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

894.3
86.8
11.2
60.5
24.1
104.4
631.4

880.5
87.0
11.2
60.1
24.2
101.9
620.3

865.9
83.2
11.6
57.7
22.8
96.7
616.7

869.9
84.3
11.7
58.0
23.0
96.7
619.2

866.5
_

693.1
63.5
9.0
43.5
17.9
78.9
498.2

680.0
63.4
9.0
43.5
18.1
76.5
487.6

666.8
61.3
9.4
42.1
17.2
72.3
481.7

671.2
62.6
9.5
42.4
17.4
72.7
484.0

C38.8
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_

See footnotes at end of table.




57

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods ....

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

Transportation

127.1
13.6
71.0
30.8
26.5
10.3
14.1

122.4
14.1
67.9
29.0
25.2
9.4
13.8

121.1
14.1
66.5
28.5
24.8
9.4
13.7

121.7
_
_
_
-

106.7
11.6
61.6
25.4
23.4
7.0
11.5

104.1
11.2
60.1
25.2
22.8
7.1
10.9

99.5
11.6
56.9
23.4
21.5
6.3
10.5

98.3
11.6
56.0
22.9
21.4
6.3
10.4

98.2
-

5,897

5,877

5,879

5,874

4,905

4,899

4,895

4,902

4,905

3,634

Transportation and public utilities

130.0
14.1
72.7
31.1
27.1
10.3
14.6
5,907

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

3,628

3,615

3,625

3,630

-

-

-

-

-

_
_
-

Railroad transportation
Class I railroads2

40
4011

280.6
241.9

277.0
238.5

268.5
230.5

268.8
230.8

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity and rural bus transportation
School buses

41
411
412
413
415

367.3
141.3
32.3
24.4
139.3

368.1
141.8
32.8
23.9
139.5

377.1
147.4
31.3
24.2
142.0

386.2
147.9
31.6
24.5
149.2

_
_
-

338.1
128.3
_
21.4
-

339.0
129.0
_
20.9
-

345.9
134.1
_
21.5
-

354.9
134.7
_
21.8
-

_
_
_
-

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

1,668.9 1,668.8 1,666.5 1,673.2
1,540.2 1,543.0 1,542.8 1,543.7
119.7
124.8
121.7
125.5

_
_
-

1,454.7 1,455.0 1,452.5 1,458.6
1,347.6 1,350.6 1,349.4 1,349.8
103.7
100.9
99.6
105.3

_
_
-

Water transportation
Water transportation of freight, nee
Water transportation services

44
444
449

170.8
15.4
105.1

166.1
15.3
102.8

180.4
15.0
112.3

173.7
14.8
106.9

_
_
-

_
_
92.5

_
90.1

_
_
99.6

94.6

_
_
-

Transportation by air
Air transportation, scheduled
Airports, flying fields, and services

45
451
458

772.1
645.8
99.1

774.2
648.6
98.8

751.8
623.0
100.4

751.4
624.8
98.8

_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
-

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

18.3

18.4

19.3

19.2

-

13.5

13.5

14.4

14.3

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement....
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

47
472
4724
473

355.8
194.5
155.2
133.4

354.9
194.0
155.2
133.3

351.7
192.2
152.3
132.1

352.4
192.1
152.3
132.9

_
_
-

_
153.9
121.8
107.9

_
153.4
121.8
107.5

_
149.1
117.7
104.7

_
149.6
118.2
105.8

_
_
_
-

2,273

2,269

2,262

2,254

2,244

-

-

-

-

-

_
_
-

976.5
650.4
195.8
_
108.5

975.7
649.3
195.5
108.5

977.1
652.1
191.2
_
112.0

980.7
656.2
190.2
112.5

_
_
_
-

Communications and public utilities
Communications
Telephone communications
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting stations
Television broadcasting stations
Cable and other pay television services .

48
481
483
4832
4833
484

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

See footnotes at end of table.

58



50
501
5012
5013
502
5021
5023
503
5031
5039

963.9
455.1
164.9
192.9
120.7

962.9
454.6
165.0
192.1
120.9

973.3
455.2
165.2
191.0
130.5

967.1
452.2
164.7
189.3
129.8

_
-

763.9
351.2
128.8
156.3
103.9

762.0
351.0
128.8
154.7
103.8

767.9
351.1
128.6
151.0
112.5

762.4
348.7
128.3
149.1
111.8

_
_
_
_
-

6,209

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Automobiles and other motor vehicles ...
Motor vehicle supplies and new parts ....
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials ..
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee

1,309.5 1,305.8 1,288.3 1,286.6
888.6
903.3
888.3
906.3
230.7 229.3
236.4 236.4
120.1
117.5
116.9
120.2
112.4
113.2
116.3
116.2
132.8
129.2
133.1
129.9

_

6,193

6,067

6,061

6,048

4,986

4,970

4,865

4,861

4,848

3,613
458.7
120.2
268.1
149.7
68.7
81.0
233.6
119.8
43.7

3,606
456.6
120.0
267.0
149.8
68.7
81.1
231.4
118.8
43.5

3,495
451.0
119.4
262.1
141.2
64.4
76.8
227.2
117.6
43.4

3,489
449.6
119.5
261.0
141.2
63.8
77.4
226.3
116.8
43.0

3,484
_

2,869
370.3
_

_
_
_
-

120.4
_
_
189.4
_
-

2,861
367.6
_
120.7
_
_
187.7
_
-

2,767
362.5
_
_
112.0
_
_
183.8
_
-

2,762
361.1
_
_
112.3
_
_
183.7
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Professional and commercial equipment
Computers, peripherals and software
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, television and radio sets
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Construction and mining machinery
Farm and garden machinery
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wine and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
Farm supplies

1987
SIC
Code

504

5045
505
506

5063
5064
5065
507

5072
5074
508

5082
5083
5084
5085
509

5093
51
511
512
513
514

5141
5147
5148
516
517

5171
5172
518

5181
5182
519

5191

Production workers

All employees
Sept.
1991

Oct.
1990

1990

768.4
295.6
139.1
498.7
205.0
62.3
231.4
278.4
96.0
116.2
796.2
83.9
117.6
328.4
144.8
290.1
109.0

768.9
296.3
139.2
498.9
205.6
62.1
231.2
276.6
95.6
115.2
791.6
83.1
116.4
325.9
145.1
292.9
108.6

745.0
275.6
133.1
483.5
199.5
58.4
225.6
263.5
89.6
110.1
771.2
78.0
115.6
315.9
143.1
278.8
103.2

742.5
273.0
132.3
483.7
200.1
58.2
225.4
263.5
90.0
109.9
768.4
77.5
114.6
314.2
143.2
281.2
103.6

2,596
240.1
189.0
208.4
858.6
274.6
61.0
106.9
136.9
198.5
83.9
114.6
151.4
95.9
55.5
483.6
155.7

2,587
240.3
189.2
204.5
853.8
275.4
62.2
101.3
136.6
199.1
84.2
114.9
152.7
95.9
56.8
486.1
154.6

2,572
235.3
188.2
205.1
847.2
271.7
60.1
103.0
136.2
193.1
83.2
109.9
155.1
98.9
56.2
491.9
161.0

2,572
235.8
189.0
205.3
842.8
270.7
60.7
99.8
135.5
192.4
82.9
109.5
155.0
98.4
56.6
492.7
159.8

Nov.

Oct.

1991P

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1990

1990

619.5

618.7

599.2

-

-

-

-

110.3
372.2

109.8
372.1

105.3
363.5

104.3
363.7

_
_

_
_

_

_
_

-

223.7

222.1

210.2

209.6

_

_

-

_

_
_
_

632.3

628.0

609.4

606.3

_
_
_
_

_

_
-

_
_

_

_
_
_
_

231.0

234.4

221.3

224.2

-

-

-

-

-

2,564

2,117
193.8
159.0
164.9
720.9

2,109
194.2
159.0
161.5
716.0

2,098
189.6
157.5
161.4
711.2

2,099
190.2
158.3
161.4
707.0

_
_
_

_
_

_
_
_

_
_
_

98.0
157.4

97.8
157.8

100.0
153.9

99.7
154.6

_
_

_
_

_
_

_
_

124.5

125.8

126.8

126.7

_
_

_
_

_
_

391.4

393.8

399.0

398.9

-

-

-

-

Nov.

1991P

_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Nov.

Oct.

1991P

Nov.

1991P

597.1

_
"_

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

19,669 19,950 19,377 19,294 19,509 17,422 17,687 17,095 17,011 17,217

Retail trade

613.7
345.1
132.1

_
_
-

53
531
533
539

2,508.5 2,644.9 2,306.5 2,339.4 2,457.1 2,352.7 2,481.9 2,162.9 2,193.8
2,010.5 2,112.7 1,839.7 1,866.5
2,125.8 2,235.0 1,942.8 1,972.1
_
149.0 158.5 144.1 145.3
164.5 173.9 159.8 160.7
218.2 236.0 203.9 206.6
193.2 210.7 179.1 182.0
-

_
_
-

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat and fish markets
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
542
545
546

3,246.2 3,286.0 3,216.7 3,229.1 3,256.1 2,986.2 3,020.6 2,947.4 2,958.1
2,683.0 2,703.4 2,644.4 2,649.8
2,901.0 2,924.0 2,868.6 2,873.3
_
_
_
_
51.5
50.3
_
54.2
49.5
_
_
_
_
27.3
25.6
_
29.5
25.3
149.0 149.9 150.9 153.6
167.3 168.2 169.3 172.3
-

_
_
_
_
-

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

55
551
553
554
559

2,083.6 2,069.0 2,053.2 2,045.8 2,037.2 1,735.0 1,721.5 1,708.7 1,702.7
773.0 767.8 750.7 750.6
_
931.9 926.1 905.9 905.3
277.3 275.5 279.9 279.7
_
345.9 344.0 349.3 350.1
559.6 556.6 550.5 545.9
_
647.7 645.0 637.7 631.0
10.7
10.4
10.5
10.6
8.7
8.5
8.5
8.6
-

_

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

1,152.1 1,198.0 1,096.3 1,102.2
85.9
85.0
99.9
95.9
399.6 410.7 373.7 374.1
279.0 306.2 283.9 285.0
218.9 217.3 202.4 203.9

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores

767.5
427.8
161.2

759.7
420.9
161.5

751.6
417.5
161.9

747.5
412.8
161.8

_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

636.1
360.1
133.0

628.8
353.8
133.0

963.9 1,006.7
76.6
80.7
333.1 342.7
240.4 266.0
179.8 178.2

617.9
349.7
132.3

901.0
68.8
307.9
244.2
154.2

905.1
69.8
30C.5
245.3
154.2

_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




59

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores

1987
SIC
Code

57
571
5712
572
573
5731
5735

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

818.2
460.0
280.7
79.0
279.2
116.6
62.4

831.7
463.7
281.9
78.9
289.1
122.0
66.2

Sept.
1991

799.0
451.0
276.0
70.7
277.3
118.1
58.5

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

668.3
374.3

681.2
377.1

650.3
364.7

653.7
366.2

64.5
229.5
98.1
52.2

802.5
452.5
275.7
70.6
279.4
119.2
59.0

64.8
239.3
103.5
55.7

57.2
228.4
99.9
48.6

Nov.
1991P

57.3
230.2
100.6
49.1

Eating and drinking places

58

6,564.3 6,554.5 6,700.6 6,538.8 6,504.6 5,954.7 5,941.5 6,063.4 5,906.0

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods
Nonstore retailers
Catalog and mail-order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
592
594
5941
5942
5943
5944
5947
5949
596
5961
5962
598
599

2,528.2 2,606.1 2,453.0 2,488.4
629.4
627.6 634.7
624.5
121.3
121.6
120.9
121.1
872.7
934.6 859.0
880.0
157.5
164.9
160.7
156.6
95.6
97.0
95.4
98.6
74.9
79.0
77.4
74.1
143.2
152.9
146.1
140.9
191.1
193.3
188.7
190.4
68.4
67.6
69.7
64.1
261.8
299.5 307.2
251.0
143.5
166.0
174.8
132.1
80.4
74.9
80.0
75.3
108.0
104.9
110.0
102.4
421.1
427.4
428.1
425.3

Finance, insurance, and real estate3

2,125.5 2,204.8 2,043.5 2,078.1
529.7
522.4
537.3
526.6
735.2

6,678

6,681

3,293

Finance

6,707

3,295

3,280

3,269

726.9

274.3

218.0

228.1

89.8
346.8

6,716

712.2

266.3

6,727

789.8

91.6
353.5

84.6
349.5

86.8
351.2

4,870

4,854

4,839

4,815

3,277
1,641.1 1,642.1 1,624.9 1,616.0
1,110.4 1,111.8 1,105.0 1,096.1

2,267.3 2,270.8 2,247.5 2,236.7
1,563.7 1,567.2 1,557.4 1,547.2
659.9
666.3
666.3
662.1
430.8
446.5 445.6
431.3
223.5
236.1 235.1
223.6
210.4 210.5
207.7 207.3
139.1
135.4
136.0
138.5

Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
Savings institutions
Federal savings institutions
Savings institutions, except federal
Credit unions

60
602
6022
603
6035
6036
606

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers

61
614
615
616

373.0
127.4
80.3
154.6

372.5
128.1
80.4
153.3

377.5
125.9
80.5
160.5

376.9
125.0
80.4
160.9

Security and commodity brokers
Security brokers and dealers
Commodity contracts brokers, dealers, and
exchanges
Security and commodity services

62
621

425.6
323.2

422.9
320.8

427.0
324.8

427.0
325.4

24.3
78.1

24.2
77.9

21.4
80.8

21.2
80.4

Holding and other investment offices

67

227.3

228.4

228.3

228.3

63,64

2,121

2,122

2,118

2,117

Insurance

622,3
628

108.5

63
631
632
633
636

Insurance agents, brokers, and service

64

665.8

665.2

664.4

65
651
653
655

1,313
564.0
568.7
149.7

1,299
561.9
563.6
143.4

1,309
569.1
563.3
146.4

1,292
560.6
558.1
143.6

See footnotes at end of table.

60




111.3

270.2
96.0

276.9
94.4

276.0
94.0

48.7

48.5

51.6

51.4

979.1
328.2
198.9
363.7

981.0
327.1
200.5
366.1

978.6
317.0
209.2
366.4

975.8
314.6
209.7
365.1

2,118

664.1

Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

110.7

271.1
95.4

1,455.6 1,456.8 1,453.1 1,452.7
527.6
527.8
536.3 535.9
257.1
245.2 246.6 256.7
558.8
559.9
559.8 561.0
58.9
53.5
53.0
60.4

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
Title insurance

108.8

1,286

4,817

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
uooe

All employees
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Production workers

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

28,554 28,501 29,024 29,110 29,042 24,922 24,864 25,296 25,388 25,316

Services
Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels and motels

70
701

1,631.7 1,598.1 1,656.0 1,602.0
1,587.3 1,556.2 1,602.0 1,553.2

_

Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
Miscellaneous personal services

72
721
722
723
726
729

1,099.6 1,100.4 1,103.2 1,103.4
430.8
437.9 439.8 428.8
73.0
74.0
74.1
77.3
375.6 378.6 386.6 387.4
83.6
83.6
85.2
84.6
105.6
99.7
105.4
99.2

_
_

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Prepackaged software
Data processing and preparation

73
731
7311
732
733
734
736
7361
7363
737
7371
7372
7374

5,363.4 5,327.7 5,416.2 5,449.4 5,408.6 4,722.8 4,681.4 4,752.0 4,786.7
237.8 237.8
229.4
229.8
169.4
168.9
160.7
161.1
_
_
_
_
168.5
168.5
161.5
161.2
_
_
_
_
107.4
108.1
114.4
113.9
_
_
_
_
254.8
272.6
253.1
268.5
799.3
805.8
783.8
722.8
729.9
784.6
706.3
705.4
_
1,628.8 1,582.2 1,604.0 1,626.7
_
_
_
_
_
272.8 265.3
262.5 266.7
_
1,356.0 1,316.9 1,341.5 1,360.0
1,311.6 1,269.9 1,295.4 1,313.9
_
799.4 846.5 847.9
793.6
621.3 624.8 665.1
668.0
157.5
158.7
169.3
124.7
168.6
125.6
134.2
134.9
_
_
_
_
_
130.1
115.2
116.2
129.8
199.9 201.6 209.1
208.8
-

738
7381
7384

1,328.2 1,328.2 1,358.8 1,365.7
477.5 490.6 492.4
475.1
85.6
84.2
85.6
82.0

Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Photofinishing laboratories

Nov.
1991P

-

-

_
-

_
_
_
_
1,404.2 1,373.7 1,416.9 1,371.8
_

_

_

_

388.5
_
336.8
_
91.6

390.3
_
339.5
_
85.7

378.6
_
347.6
_
90.2

380.3
_
348.1
_
84.4

1,175.1 1,176.4 1,200.7 1,206.6
445.6 449.3
460.5
459.3
-

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Automotive repair shops

75
751
753

933.8
184.0
537.0

928.3
182.3
533.5

915.7
182.2
526.7

914.8
181.4
525.7

_
-

772.0
440.4

766.9
437.1

Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops

76
762

393.9
119.1

390.1
119.0

382.1
124.2

381.6
124.2

_
-

322.7
-

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters

78
781
783

404.7
154.8
106.1

410.3
161.5
105.4

388.6
149.5
106.3

386.7
149.6
102.8

_
_
-

Amusement and recreation services
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

79
799
7991
7997

1,029.9 1,002.2 1,184.5 1,072.2
669.2 634.2
784.2 680.6
125.7
124.5
127.2
122.6
255.9
243.7
261.8
295.9

_
_
_
-

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners ..
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Home health care services

80
801
802
804
805
8051
8052
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808

7,957.8
1,376.8
513.8
283.6
1,441.0
989.0
206.8
245.2
3,580.1
3,296.5
104.0
179.6
174.8
306.0

7,990.7
1,381.7
516.2
285.0
1,449.9
993.9
208.4
247.6
3,590.1
3,304.7
104.8
180.6
176.1
304.5

8,320.5
1,447.3
533.0
303.1
1,529.4
1,046.5
220.9
262.0
3,676.7
3,383.3
101.3
192.1
188.2
340.0

Legal services

81

920.4

924.0

919.5

Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Vocational schools

82
821
822
824

752.8

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

428.8

752.0
_
427.1

_
-

319.7
-

310.9
-

310.4
-

-

340.1
126.6
-

344.7
132.4
-

319.5
118.6
-

317.2
118.8
-

_
_
-

896.4
583.3
113.1
225.2

871.2 1,036.6
550.1
689.0
112.5
111.6
213.3
260.0

933.9
592.5
108.5
228.7

_
_
_
-

8,358.4 8,394.2 7,075.1 7,105.1 7,397.4
1,453.2
1,135.8 1,140.5 1,189.8
534.8
450.2 452.9 468.5
_
304.8
235.6 236.3
250.3
_
1,537.9
1,301.6 1,310.0 1,380.8
_
_
_
_
1,052.0
_
221.9
185.4
187.2
198.8
_
_
_
_
264.0
_
3,689.7
3,279.5 3,288.5 3,374.7
_
_
_
_
3,394.9
_
101.5
_
_
_
193.3
_
_
189.6
341.6
283.6 281.7
314.9
-

7,427.8
1,194.2
468.7
250.7
1,388.1
_
199.6
_
3,387.0
_
_
_
_
316.2

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

924.2

-

756.9

759.7

749.1

751.8

1,764.2 1,786.2 1,636.9 1,786.6
467.1 470.5 467.7
481.1
1,086.1 1,104.8 970.6 1,101.2
90.5
90.8
83.0
83.9

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_

-

_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




61

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care

1987
SIC
Code

83
832
833
835
836

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

1,852.7 1,869.5 1,961.1 1,995.9
468.7 470.7 491.1
496.7
240.9
238.6
240.2
241.6
517.0
486.0
536.6
490.0
529.8
483.5
533.3
489.9
68.3

65.4

68.3

Oct.
1990

428.8

Nov.
1990

432.5

Sept.
1991

456.4

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

475.0

68.0

Museums and botanical and zoological gardens

84

Membership organizations
Business associations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations

86
861
863
864

1,935.0 1,933.3 1,931.8 1,932.8
105.8 105.2 102.1 102.0
141.4 136.7 137.9 136.6
414.1 416.2 413.2 418.2

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Engineering services
Architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations

87
871
8711
8712
872
873
8731
8733
874

2,497.9 2,496.1 2,447.6 2,452.8
791.4
787.6 760.5 754.7
588.9
612.6 611.9 593.5
127.6
126.0 119.2 118.8
527.8
527.0 507.8 511.0
553.0
555.9 551.5 552.6
234.3
233.6 233.8 232.8
145.3
145.9 147.1 148.1
625.7
625.6 627.8 634.5

Services, nee

89

1,895.9 1,897.3 1,860.1 1,864.9
649.0 645.8 625.7 620.6
506.5 505.9 493.8 489.5
92.6
100.8
92.8
99.4
390.0 391.1 370.7 373.1
400.8 404.9 403.3 405.5
456.1

Federal Government

4

18,754

18,164

18,705

2,973

2,971

30.0

29.1

28.8

18,851

2,949

465.7

2,973

2,904.7 2,888.4 2,909.5
930.5 926.7 920.6
812.7
800.8
811.5

Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial
Federal Government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Ship building and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

36.7

2,965

4

37.1

18,593

Government

38.0

460.4

29.9

37.8

455.5

1,161.5 1,150.2 1,188.1
37.2
38.5
37.3
23.4
25.3
23.5

3731

112.8
66.1

111.9
65.7

108.8
62.4

108.3
61.8

806

37.1
400.8
233.7

36.6
399.1
233.8

35.4
410.7
241.8

34.9
408.5
241.6

State government
806
Hospitals
82
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions

4,444 4,471
4,263 4,426
424.3
423.8
430.4 431.7
1,857.8 1,888.9 1,673.0 1,852.2

Local government
Transportation and public utilities
806
Hospitals
82
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions

11,184 11,334 10,928 11,308 11,428
461.0 458.1 457.6 456.7
689.5
664.8
661.5
686.4
6,362.0 6,477.3 5,990.1 6,425.6

1,657.2 1,652.5 1,670.5 1,657.8

3,382.4 3,420.2 3,473.0 3,422.5

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to
civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and

62




4,450

the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990

July
1991

Aug.
1991

Sept.
1991

51,536

52,314

51,494

51,558

52,337

Total private

42,658

42,695

42,395

42,568

42,644

Goods-producing

7,008

7,002

6,676

6,778

6,775

97

97

100

100

98

567

563

550

550

545

6,344

6,342

6,026

6,128

6,132

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,967
121
159
110
103
318
451
710
404
414
177

2,962
120
159
110
103
318
447
708
406
413
179

2,790
113
143
104
98
296
431
668
374
398
166

2,809
114
147
106
99
299
430
671
374
398
171

2,812
114
147
106
98
302
430
668
376
397
173

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,377
581
17
339
821
176
691
334
27
314
78

3,380
586
18
337
826
174
689
333
26
314
78

3,236
550
15
323
785
172
674
331
27
292
68

3,319
589
17
328
810
173
672
335
27
298
71

3,320
587
18
329
817
171
671
333
26
299
70

44,528

45,312

44,818

44,780

45,562

Transportation and public utilities

1,700

1,736

1,694

1,695

1,736

Wholesale trade

1,907

1,910

1,863

1,861

1,864

10,513

10,487

10,294

10,321

10,283

4,310

4,272

4,289

4,283

4,250

17,220

17,288

17,579

17,630

17,736

8,878
1,275
2,015
5,588

9,619
1,240
2,120
6,259

9,099
1,240
2,041
5,818

8,990
1,235
2,037
5,718

9,693
1,227
2,118
6,348

Industry

Total

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are




introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are subject to
revision.

63

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1990

1991

Industry
Nov.

Total
Total private
Goods-producing

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

109,761

109,621

109,418

109,160

108,902

108,736

108,887

108,885

108,859

108,971

109,066

91,406

91,268

91,053

90,771

90,495

90,312

90,447

90,429

90,439

90,557

90,642

90,610

90,378

23,798

23,723

23,593

Oct.P

NOV.P

109,070 108,829

24,481

24,375

24,181

24,039

23,877

23,794

23,847

23,792

23,826

23,797

712
398

715
399

713
399

715
401

714
402

710
400

706
399

704
398

701
394

693
390

684
385

678
382

676
380

4,962
1,251

4,911
1,237

4,797
1,221

4,792
1,210

4,720
1,196

4,688
1,184

4,715
1,177

4,710
1,172

4,695
1,170

4,691
1,165

4,699
1,161

4,671
1,152

4,576
1,136

18,807

18,749

18,671

18,532

18,443

18,396

18,426

18,378

18,402

18,442

18,414

18,374

18,341

10,867
719
496
543
747
274
1,402
2,063
1,636
1,897
758
991
373

10,828
714
493
539
742
273
1,395
2,054
1,628
1,902
770
989
372

10,770
706
490
532
740
271
1,389
2,048
1,621
1,888
763
985
371

10,652
696
482
527
726
264
1,365
2,036
1,611
1,859
746
982
368

10,584
692
479
520
724
262
1,356
2,024
1,599
1,846
738
978
366

10,560
692
481
521
723
263
1,353
2,007
1,597
1,846
754
976
364

10,575
697
483
519
721
261
1,354
2,003
1,599
1,863
780
973
363

10,534
696
483
518
718
260
1,358
1,990
1,594
1,845
770
969
363

10,546
699
478
520
721
260
1,359
1,984
1,589
1,861
791
968
367

10,553
700
483
523
722
260
1,361
1,980
1,585
1,868
797
966
365

10,531
696
482
522
719
260
1,358
1,980
1,581
1,861
795
967
365

10,494
698
481
522
714
258
1,355
1,969
1,576
1,848
788
964
367

10,462
699
479
518
709
257
1,350
1,958
1,572
1,850
798
961
366

7,940
1,669
49
677
1,023
697
1,568
1,095
159
877
126

7,921
1,672
49
671
1,017
695
1,565
1,095
159
873
125

7,901
1,673
49
667
1,012
696
1,560
1,094
158
868
124

7,880
1,679
49
661
1,010
694
1,553
1,093
158
861
122

7,859
1,679
48
660
1,009
693
1,548
1,091
158
852
121

7,836
1,673
48
660
1,005
691
1,542
1,089
159
849
120

7,851
1,677
48
665
1,013
690
1,540
1,086
159
854
119

7,844
1,677
48
665
1,017
687
1,531
1,086
159
854
120

7,856
1,660
49
671
1,032
689
1,532
1,084
159
857
123

7,889
1,685
50
670
1,031
692
1,531
1,088
160
861
121

7,883
1,676
49
670
1,034
692
1,530
1,090
159
862
121

7,880
1,671
48
672
1,039
691
1,526
1,091
159
864
119

7,879
1,673
47
672
1,039
691
1,523
1,092
158
863
121

85,280

85,246

85,237

85,121

85,025

84,942

85,040

85,093

85,061

85,145

85,269

85,347

85,236

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and public utilities

5,852
3,582
2,270

5,867
3,595
2,272

5,866
3,591
2,275

5,834
3,562
2,272

5,824
3,549
2,275

5,814
3,544
2,270

5,819
3,556
2,263

5,809
3,546
2,263

5,809
3,550
2,259

5,820
3,564
2,256

5,829
3,569
2,260

5,829
3,575
2,254

5,826
3,580
2,246

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

6,180
3,604
2,576

6,166
3,596
2,570

6,138
3,576
2,562

6,119
3,562
2,557

6,105
3,550
2,555

6,086
3,535
2,551

6,085
3,528
2,557

6,068
3,517
2,551

6,064
3,509
2,555

6,050
3,500
2,550

6,049
3,495
2,554

6,043
3,489
2,554

6,032
3,481
2,551

19,628
2,470
3,243
2,070
6,596

19,579
2,444
3,242
2,067
6,601

19,542
2,431
3,243
2,053
6,608

19,464
2,415
3,237
2,042
6,582

19,378
2,396
3,245
2,036
6,561

19,324
2,372
3,226
2,031
6,560

19,339
2,356
3,225
2,031
6,571

19,345
2,358
3,229
2,034
6,571

19,347
2,347
3,232
2,038
6,578

19,343
2,349
3,227
2,038
6,563

19,338
2,342
3,226
2,035
6,569

19,294
2,323
3,219
2,038
6,558

19,183
2,292
3,214
2,037
6,544

6,740
3,301
2,128
1,311

6,733
3,296
2,128
1,309

6,736
3,296
2,136
1,304

6,732
3,295
2,137
1,300

6,735
3,297
2,140
1,298

6,718
3,292
2,134
1,292

6,712
3,287
2,132
1,293

6,703
3,281
2,130
1,292

6,688
3,275
2,122
1,291

6,687
3,276
2,123
1,288

6,692
3,283
2,122
1,287

6,698
3,282
2,123
1,293

6,702
3,280
2,124
1,298

Services
Business services
Health services

28,525
5,287
7,997

28,548
5,275
8,032

28,590
5,271
8,061

28,583
5,256
8,089

28,576
5,254
8,114

28,576
5,257
8,147

28,645
5,278
8,165

28,712
5,280
8,206

28,733
5,280
8,249

28,831
5,321
8,289

28,937
5,336
8,321

29,023
5,379
8,367

29,042
5,360
8,403

Government
Federal
State
Local

18,355
2,964
4,345
11,046

18,353
2,948
4,347
11,058

18,365
2,952
4,352
11,061

18,389
2,951
4,354
11,084

18,407
2,951
4,359
11,097

18,424
2,953
4,352
11,119

18,440
2,952
4,348
11,140

18,456
2,971
4,359
11,126

18,420
2,963
4,338
11,119

18,414
2,967
4,337
11,110

18,424
2,979
4,328
11,117

18,460
2,986
4,322
11,152

18,451
2,988
4,325
11,138

Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

P = preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1990

64




benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally
adjusted data from January 1987 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1990

1991

Industry
Sept.

Total
Total private

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

52,380 52,372 52,349 52,319 52,355 52,264 52,207 52,149 52,227 52,261 52,329 52,405 52,402
42,594 42,579 42,540 42,500 42,527 42,415 42,344 42,275 42,344 42,355 42,385 42,483 42,540
6,930

6,894

6,844

6,826

6,802

6,762

6,723

6,701

6,703

6,694

6,699

6,714

6,704

97

95

96

97

97

98

98

98

98

98

98

99

98

555

553

551

550

548

544

542

540

541

541

539

538

537

6,278

6,246

6,197

6,179

6,157

6,120

6,083

6,063

6,064

6,055

6,062

6,077

6,069

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products ,
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,950
118
159
109
102
316
450
705
404
412
175

2,936
117
157
109
102
315
449
701
401
411
174

2,904
116
154
108
102
311
446
696
389
409
173

2,892
115
153
107
101
310
444
692
389
408
173

2,879
114
152
106
101
308
444
688
386
407
173

2,853
111
149
106
99
303
441
686
379
407
172

2,828
109
148
104
99
300
439
678
375
405
171

2,819
110
148
104
98
300
436
676
374
404
169

2,817
110
148
104
98
299
435
676
377
402
168

2,806
111
149
103
97
300
432
673
374
399
168

2,807
111
146
103
99
299
432
673
375
399
170

2,806
112
148
105
98
299
432
670
376
397
169

2,802
112
147
105
98
300
433
666
375
397
169

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,328
543
17
334
822
173
693
331

3,310
543
16
330
814
172
693
331

3,293
540
16
330
807
172
692
330

3,287
542
17
328
803
171
692
331

3,278
542
16
327
800
172
690
330

3,267
544
16
324
798
171
686
331

3,244
543
16
323
791
170
681
329

3,247
541
16
326
797
169
679
329

3,249
542
16
325
801
169
675
329

3,255
533
16
326
813
170
676
328

3,267
544
16
326
812
170
675
331

O

O

O

O

0

3,271
549
17
326
810
170
674
331

O

3,255
543
16
322
796
171
684
330
(1)
295
71

O

O

O

Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

313
76

45,450

Transportation and public utilities

1,727

Wholesale trade

1,905

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

10,464
4,276
17,292
9,786
1,237
2,156
6,393

310
75
45,478
1,731
1,903
10,446
4,273
17,332
9,793
1,231
2,161
6,401

O

306
74
45,505
1,736
1,898
10,432
4,270
17,360
9,809
1,225
2,167
6,417

1
This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal
components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components
and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.




304
73
45,493
1,739
1,892
10,388
4,262
17,393
9,819
1,220
2,169
6,430

302
73

299
71

0
295
70

45,553 45,502 45,484 45,448
1,745

1,731

1,732

1,726

1,883

1,878

1,870

1,865

10,411 10,348 10,308 10,265
4,271

4,271

4,272

4,268

17,415 17,425 17,439 17,450
9,828
1,222
2,173
6,433

9,849
1,226
2,174
6,449

9,863
1,227
2,176
6,460

9,874
1,230
2,175
6,469

O
294
70
45,524
1,727
1,866
10,285
4,261
17,502
9,883
1,228
2,173
6,482

297
69

296
71

45,567 45,630
1,718

1,711

1,859

1,861

10,281 10,284
4,255

4,251

17,548 17,579
9,906
1,230
2,184
6,492

298

298

70

69

45,691 45,698
1,716

1,726

1,859

1,858

10,280 10,262
4,249

4,254

17,736
9,944 17,665
1,218 9,922 9,862
2,174 1,223 1,223
6,552 2,172 2,155
6,527 6,484

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1987 forward are subject to revision.

65

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally
adjusted
(In thousands)
1990

1991

Industry
Nov.

Total private
Goods-producing

Dec.

73,984 73,841
17,048

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

73,666 73,378 73,172 72,983 73,121

16,958 16,787

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

Nov.

73,147 73,196 73,265 73,338 73,321 73,106

16,658

16,534

16,477

16,530

16,507

16,535 16,563 16,531

16,495 16,364

512

513

511

512

511

509

503

500

499

490

484

481

478

3,821

3,773

3,672

3,658

3,599

3,565

3,598

3,597

3,588

3,585

3,591

3,577

3,474

12,715

12,672

12,604

12,488

12,424

12,403 12,429

12,410

12,448

12,488

12,456

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

7,172
590
389
421
566
210
1,030
1,235
1,028
1,158
570
486
269

7,148
585
386
419
562
209
1,024
1,228
1,022
1,168
582
486
268

7,098
578
384
411
559
207
1,018
1,223
1,014
1,158
577
486
267

7,000
569
377
406
548
201
994
1,215
1,007
1,135
561
484
265

6,956
564
375
400
546
199
990
1,209
1,000
1,125
553
485
262

6,948
566
377
401
544
200
989
1,198
1,001
1,130
567
481
261

6,964
570
378
400
544
199
990
1,191
1,005
1,148
592
478
260

6,943
570
379
400
541
198
992
1,183
1,004
1,139
588
475
260

6,971
573
375
401
544
197
995
1,177
1,005
1,163
611
474
264

6,983
574
379
404
545
198
995
1,179
1,004
1,169
615
471
263

6,954
571
379
404
542
198
995
1,176
997
1,159
610
468
263

6,936
574
378
404
538
196
992
1,170
996
1,152
604
466
266

6,914
574
377
399
534
194
989
1,158
993
1,155
614
469
266

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

5,543
1,202
36
580
854
522
867
598
104
677
103

5,524
1,206
36
574
850
521
864
596
103
672
102

5,506
1,208
36
571
844
522
860
594
102
668
101

5,488
1,213
36
565
843
522
855
592
102
660
100

5,468
1,213
35
564
842
521
851
591
102
651

5,455
1,207
35
565
840
519
849
591
103
649

5,465
1,211
36
570
847
519
844
585
102
654

5,467
1,213
36
571
850
517
841
583
103
656

5,477
1,197
36
575
867
517
845
580
103
658

5,505
1,220
38
574
863
521
843
583
103
662

5,502
1,216
37
574
865
521
845
580
103
663

5,501
1,211
36
577
870
520
842
581
102
665

5,498
1,211
35
576
871
521
840
581
101
665

98

97

97

97

99

98

98

97

97

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

56,936 56,883 56,879 56,720

Transportation and public utilities

4,854

4,868

4,869

Wholesale trade

4,959

4,946

4,924

4,904

17,370

17,321

17,277

17,202

4,876

4,863

4,869

56,638 56,506 56,591

4,840

4,863

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

24,877 24,885 24,940 24,911

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.

66



56,640 56,661

12,437 12,412

56,702 56,807 56,826 56,742

4,834

4,825

4,834

4,825

4,834

4,836

4,847

4,849

4,856

4,894

4,879

4,878

4,864

4,861

4,843

4,850

4,842

4,833

17,132 17,072

17,083

17,081

4,854

4,851

4,862

4,851

17,078 17,067
4,837

24,916 24,879 24,942 25,019 25,051
p

4,826

17,061 16,994 16,896
4,829

4,829

4,841

25,130 25,220 25,312 25,316

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1987 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
DIFFUSION INDEXES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

June

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1989
1990
1991

64.5
58.1
38.5

59.0
58.1
36.9

58.7
52.2
38.6

53.9
48.7
38.5

52.7
52.8
51.1

53.8
48.3
45.8

52.9
46.6
51.3

54.6
47.8
54.8

49.2
45.1
50.0

56.6
41.4
P48.2

59.6
40.3
P44.0

52.1
42.0

Over 3-month span:
1989
1990
1991

67.6
58.8
31.6

65.2
59.0
30.8

61.1
54.4
30.3

56.2
50.7
38.3

54.5
48.7
39.5

53.9
49.4
48.9

54.9
45.6
51.7

52.5
43.7
52.9

55.9
40.0
P49.2

56.0
37.4
P44.1

55.8
35.8

59.1
35.1

Over 6-month span:
1989
1990
1991

67.7
56.6
26.7

65.0
55.2
31.2

63.3
55.2
29.5

59.0
51.8
34.3

56.5
47.6
41.2

53.4
44.9
45.8

54.5
42.7
P49.4

55.9
38.6
M6.3

53.8
37.2

58.1
34.8

57.9
30.9

59.1
28.8

Over 12-month span:
1989
1990
1991

65.3
54.6
30.2

65.2
54.5
30.6

62.2
51.4
30.3

61.5
48.3
"32.9

61.5
46.6
32.9

59.6
43.5

57.6
40.3

56.7
35.8

55.8
34.1

56.0
30.6

55.5
32.0

55.6
30.2

p

Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1989
1990
1991

58.6
46.0
31.7

50.7
51.1
28.4

48.9
41.4
29.9

47.5
47.8
38.5

47.1
41.7
46.8

44.2
39.6
46.0

44.2
43.2
53.2

45.7
40.3
53.2

38.8
38.8
43.5

48.2
34.5
P46.4

48.6
27.3
P42.1

45.3
33.8

Over 3-month span:
1989
1990
1991

56.5
45.0
19.4

54.3
43.2
16.5

49.3
45.0
18.0

43.5
38.1
30.2

42.8
38.1
36.3

42.1
37.4
48.9

40.3
35.6
57.2

36.3
31.3
55.0

39.9
27.0
P46.0

41.0
23.0
P38.8

41.0
21.6

41.7
18.3

Over 6-month span:
1989
1990
1991

57.9
39.9
10.4

51.8
36.7
17.3

48.6
37.1
19.4

45.0
40.3
23.4

41.7
32.4
38.5

38.1
30.6
43.5

38.1
24.1
P50.0

38.1
20.5
47.5

35.6
21.2

38.8
17.3

39.6
16.2

39.6
11.9

Over 12-month span:
1989
1990
1991

53.6
35.3
13.3

56.1
33.5
14.7

51.8
31.3
14.7

46.4
29.5
18.3

44.6
25.2
"21.6

41.7
20.9

38.1
19.8

35.3
14.0

34.9
12.9

36.3
10.1

32.4
11.2

32.7
10.4

P

1
Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and
unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus
one half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent




p

indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data (beginning April 1990) and all seasonally
adjusted data (beginning January 1987) are subject to revision.

67

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Constructor l

Mining

Total
State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

1,650.2
425.4
136.5
179.5
137.1
67.3

1,638.1
420.9
135.4
179.1
133.3
66.9

1,644.5
421.4
134.9
181.3
134.1
67.2

238.3

250.5

241.9

11.9

1,516.1
1,001.5
257.8

1,520.6
997.2
263.5

1,536.3
1,008.7
265.5

12.6
.8
2.2

941.3
57.3
80.4
256.4
34.4

970.4
57.1
80.8
260.0
34.5

971.5
57.2
80.6
260.3
34.6

12,953.2
1,221.9
173.3
238.7
4,311.3
124.4
910.9
236.1
753.6
636.3
113.7
1,000.6
981.5
834.9
152.5
149.8
157.7
142.9

12,828.7
1,206.7
174.5
245.6
4,239.9
126.3
906.1
233.1
754.9
637.2
113.8
988.5
976.9
820.3
149.3
152.0
164.9
144.2

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,534.4
119.2
847.9

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

Oct.
1991^

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1990

12.8
5.6

3.5

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

3.4

81.3
23.6
5.5
11.1
7.5
4.4

80.0
22.2
5.1
11.3
7.4
3.9

79.5
22.0
5.0
11.3
7.3
3.9

12.2

11.3

12.1

12.9

12.0

13.3
.7
2.4

13.2
.7
2.4

84.9
57.1
15.2

81.2
52.9
15.6

80.3
52.2
15.4

3.9
.9

38.8
1.7
2.8
11.2
1.3

41.0
1.8
3.0
12.3
1.2

40.8
1.9
3.0
12.2
1.1

0
V)
0)

4.1

0)

Oct.
1990

12.6
5.5
()
(1)
(1)
3.4

13.2
5.9

0
(1)
(1)

Oct.
1991?

1

3.9
(1)

(1)
.8

.9

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

12,844.5
1,211.7
175.3
243.3
4,259.9
122.3
907.9
232.5
759.9
632.2
113.5
984.8
980.8
820.1
152.1
152.0
160.6
143.9

38.9
1.3
14.5
.6
8.3
(2)
3.1
2.1
1.4
.6
.3
.7
.6
.2
1.2
.5
.1
.6

37.5
1.1
13.9
.6
8.2
(2)
2.9
1.9
1.4
.5
.3
.7
.6
.3
1.2
.5
.1
.6

37.0
1.1
13.8
.6
8.1
(2)
3.0
1.9
1.3
.5
.3
.7
.6
.3
1.2
.5
.1
.6

670.3
67.0
11.4
15.2
160.1
8.3
53.3
17.9
68.2
42.2
4.6
61.9
38.5
34.6
7.4
11.3
9.9
12.1

638.4
63.6
11.6
14.8
150.9
8.5
50.9
17.4
63.8
39.4
4.4
58.7
37.7
33.5
7.4
10.9
9.5
12.1

629.6
62.2
11.5
14.2
149.9
8.2
50.6
16.9
62.8
39.3
4.3
57.7
38.0
33.0
7.4
10.7
9.3
12.2

1,558.3
119.3
863.1

1,563.7
121.1
866.5

20.0
(1)
10.9

19.0

0)

66.6
3.8
35.7

71.7
4.1
37.1

71.7
4.1
37.4

1,645.8
192.6
480.8
65.0
261.2
120.3
85.2

1,588.2
184.5
454.5
61.6
247.5
118.1
79.9

1,589.0
185.1
455.4
61.7
250.8
117.5
79.6

.8

64.6
7.2
17.4
4.7
10.0
4.6
3.8

54.7
6.1
14.1
4.2
8.7
4.0
3.3

53.4
6.1
13.9
4.2
8.2
3.8
3.1

347.5
301.0

343.4
294.2

342.4
295.8

.1
.2

.1
.2

.1
.2

20.2
18.1

19.5
16.5

18.9
16.0

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

687.0
2,243.2

679.9
2,208.3

677.3
2,205.9

.1
1.2

.1
1.1

.1
1.1

14.7
133.5

12.5
119.0

12.4
116.8

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

5,407.9
124.8
517.8
129.8
103.3
430.5
156.6
165.4
892.4
569.5
130.8
118.9
127.2
887.5
360.2

5,322.6
125.3
506.7
132.6
102.0
427.0
155.7
160.5
860.3
564.7
132.0
118.4
127.2
884.5
348.3

5,331.9
124.8
508.7
133.1
103.1
428.0
156.9
159.9
858.6
561.8
132.0
119.0
128.5
887.7
353.1

7.7

318.9
7.9
34.2
12.9
4.1
24.9
8.9
8.9
38.6
36.9
7.6
9.5
5.6
49.4
25.6

264.0
7.4
28.0
12.3
3.9
22.3
7.8
7.9
34.1
32.6
7.8
8.1
5.2
40.1
20.8

259.4
7.4
27.8
12.0
3.8
22.5
7.6
7.9
33.7
32.5
7.9
8.0
5.2
40.0
20.9

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

68




19.3
11.2

1.1

7.7

8.4

ft

(2)

(2)
.2

.2
(2)
(2)

(2)
(*)
.7
3.8

2

()

(2)

(2)
.4

.4

.4
(2)
(2)

.8

.8

.8
(2)

.6
3.5

.6
3.5
()

()

.2
(2)
(2)

2

2

(2)
(2)

(*)
(2)
.5

.6
(2)

(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)

0)
(2)
(1)
0
<)
*

0
(2)

11.0

.8
(2)

<2)
(1)
(2)
(1)

0)

(2)

.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
jublic utilities

Manufacturing

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

386.8
57.9
33.2
28.0
18.3
10.3

381.0
55.4
32.2
27.9
17.5
10.5

380.7
55.3
32.3
28.4
17.4
10.3

84.3
32.7
3.2
10.1
5.8
2.1

84.3
31.6
3.1
11.0
5.6
2.1

84.0
31.3
3.1
10.8
5.6
2.1

356.9
99.9
25.5
47.3
31.1
14.2

351.3
97.3
24.8
46.4
29.5
14.5

351.2
97.5
24.8
46.5
29.6
14.3

14.5

17.1

13.6

20.7

22.9

21.7

46.6

47.9

47.5

Arizona
Phoenix ..
Tucson....

185.6
138.0
26.4

179.0
132.6
25.3

178.9
132.6
25.3

82.3
59.0
9.6

80.9
56.6
10.5

80.4
55.8
10.7

372.9
250.6
60.6

377.7
254.7
61.5

380.4
257.4
61.6

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock .
Pine Bluff

234.2
14.0
24.5
33.8
6.3

238.6
14.2
24.9
33.1
6.7

238.6
14.1
24.4
33.1
6.7

57.6
5.0
4.9
16.6
2.7

58.6
4.6
4.8
16.2
2.8

59.1
4.6
4.8
16.2
2.8

208.3
12.5
16.9
61.5
7.4

215.5
12.5
16.3
62.2
7.5

214.1
12.5
16.3
62.0
7.4

2,117.6
252.8
11.0
28.2
850.7
28.1
114.0
32.0
91.2
45.9
10.6
135.4
79.9
263.6
21.9
22.2
24.5
12.9

2,053.5
244.1
10.9
30.2
804.0
31.1
112.2
30.2
88.7
48.5
10.6
131.1
78.5
256.7
21.1
22.0
30.2
13.6

2,030.8
244.1
11.0
28.7
803.3
26.1
111.2
30.2
88.5
45.5
10.3
130.8
79.0
253.7
21.2
22.0
25.7
12.7

633.6
38.2
8.4
13.4
223.0
5.3
62.4
12.2
35.8
28.7
4.7
37.4
78.7
23.1
5.5
7.0
9.2
5.2

630.1
38.3
8.3
13.7
220.5
5.7
62.7
11.5
36.0
29.5
4.8
36.2
78.1
23.3
5.5
6.8
9.4
5.2

630.2
38.5
8.3
13.5
220.8
5.7
62.7
11.5
36.4
29.7
4.8
36.4
78.1
23.5
5.5
6.7
9.2
5.1

3,037.2
302.5
40.2
60.7
972.3
31.7
221.3
58.6
185.8
147.2
30.4
238.7
213.6
169.9
34.7
38.5
36.6
36.2

2,994.1
299.8
40.8
60.3
957.0
30.6
220.4
58.2
188.3
146.2
30.5
234.6
210.6
166.9
34.0
40.3
37.0
36.4

2,991.6
299.3
40.9
60.0
957.0
30.8
220.6
57.9
188.4
145.5
30.3
233.4
210.7
167.2
34.1
40.0
36.9
36.5

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver

194.7
30.6
94.3

192.7
30.2
93.1

192.9
30.5
92.7

97.3
2.4
69.9

97.7
2.4
70.4

98.0
2.4
70.6

373.1
25.4
206.0

377.2
25.8
208.5

376.2
26.1
208.4

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

338.4
49.2
83.3
18.4
43.5
19.2
19.7

323.6
45.9
79.6
17.2
41.4
18.3
17.4

323.3
45.9
79.2
17.1
41.4
18.4
17.4

75.5
8.6
19.7
3.4
17.6
6.3
3.4

72.6
8.2
18.1
3.4
16.7
6.4
3.4

72.3
8.3
18.3
3.4
16.5
6.2
3.5

363.5
43.3
103.4
13.7
55.4
27.5
17.9

352.4
42.5
94.3
13.0
53.0
27.3
16.8

350.1
42.4
94.6
12.9
53.0
27.4
16.9

Delaware
Wilmington .

72.6
62.3

71.9
61.8

71.7
61.8

15.4
16.7

15.4
17.2

15.3
17.1

75.7
61.7

75.4
60.1

74.3
60.4

District of Columbia ....
Washington MSA

15.6
86.9

15.2
83.3

15.1
83.3

23.9
108.6

23.6
106.2

23.4
105.8

62.2
433.5

59.5
426.2

58.7
425.1

515.9
12.1
43.7
6.0
5.6
36.2
22.2
30.7
88.4
53.3
11.7
8.8
4.5
91.7
32.7

496.7
12.1
41.8
6.0
5.8
35.5
20.9
28.9
86.5
51.2
11.3
8.5
4.3
88.7
31.1

497.2
12.0
41.7
6.0
5.7
35.7
21.3
28.7
86.6
50.9
11.1
8.6
4.3
89.0
30.9

276.9
4.2
23.1
5.5
2.0
29.7
7.6
4.5
72.8
29.5
6.4
3.8
3.1
41.8
14.7

266.6
4.4
22.7
5.8
2.0
28.7
7.3
4.6
64.4
29.1
6.3
3.6
3.2
41.8
14.8

267.6
4.4
22.6
5.8
2.0
28.8
7.3
4.5
63.8
28.8
6.3
3.6
3.2
41.9
14.8

1,442.9
36.2
151.2
38.8
22.1
116.1
43.4
38.3
240.3
147.4
32.5
34.2
27.4
243.0
95.1

1,409.5
35.7
148.0
40.6
22.1
117.4
43.9
36.8
228.8
145.8
33.6
33.2
27.7
245.5
90.8

1,410.2
35.4
148.5
41.1
22.0
117.7
44.1
36.6
229.1
145.2
33.1
33.4
27.7
245.6
93.3

Alabama
Birmingham ...
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery ..
Tuscaloosa ...
Alaska .

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc.
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach ....
See footnotes at end of table.




69

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991^

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

74.6
30.8
4.0
8.1
8.6
2.1

73.4
30.7
4.0
7.9
8.3
2.1

72.8
30.3
4.0
7.8
8.3
2.1

323.4
107.7
33.5
43.6
31.1
10.0

329.3
111.0
33.6
45.7
31.5
9.6

329.7
111.4
33.4
46.1
31.4
10.0

329.7
66.9
31.6
31.3
34.7
20.7

326.0
67.1
32.6
28.9
33.5
20.8

334.0
68.1
32.3
30.4
34.5
21.1

Alaska

10.3

10.3

10.3

50.4

54.7

52.3

71.8

72.5

73.2

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

95.6
76.3
11.7

94.9
75.8
11.7

94.6
75.7
11.6

411.5
279.6
75.1

423.6
285.7
78.4

428.3
289.5
79.5

270.7
140.1
57.0

270.0
138.2
58.1

280.2
144.8
59.0

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

38.4
1.7
2.6
15.6
1.2

39.0
1.7
2.7
15.9
1.2

39.0
1.6
2.7
15.9
1.2

196.3
10.1
19.2
67.5
7.3

206.8
9.9
19.7
69.1
7.2

206.8
9.9
19.6
69.3
7.1

163.6
12.3
8.6
50.2
8.2

167.0
12.4
8.6
51.2
7.9

169.2
12.6
8.9
51.6
8.3

845.6
102.7
6.9
13.6
292.8
5.1
58.1
12.1
33.4
41.9
6.3
67.5
108.5
32.6
8.6
8.9
9.5
5.4

840.6
103.5
6.8
13.9
289.8
4.8
57.1
12.0
33.9
43.5
6.7
65.4
108.3
32.2
8.6
9.1
9.7
5.2

838.4
103.3
6.8
13.8
288.5
4.8
56.9
11.9
33.6
43.2
6.7
65.0
108.2
32.0
8.6
9.1
9.6
5.2

3,520.4
330.0
36.4
55.3
1,264.2
25.3
229.9
57.2
184.6
143.7
28.9
279.1
322.9
220.9
43.9
36.5
33.7
33.0

3,575.0
333.1
37.0
60.8
1,282.2
25.9
233.9
57.9
190.7
145.4
28.8
284.1
327.5
219.4
44.1
37.8
33.9
34.4

3,584.7
335.1
37.2
60.8
1,289.0
26.2
234.1
58.2
193.0
144.7
28.8
280.8
328.5
221.5
44.5
37.9
34.4
34.3

2,089.6
127.4
44.5
51.7
539.9
20.6
168.8
44.0
153.2
186.1
27.9
179.9
138.8
90.0
29.3
24.9
34.2
37.5

2,059.5
123.2
45.2
51.3
527.3
19.7
166.0
44.0
152.1
184.2
27.7
Ml.7
135.6
88.0
27.4
24.6
35.1
36.7

2,102.2
128.1
45.8
51.7
543.3
20.5
168.8
44.0
155.9
183.8
28.0
180.0
137.7
88.9
29.6
25.1
35.4
37.3

96.8
4.2
64.8

97.7
4.2
66.3

97.4
4.3
66.4

400.5
28.8
233.8

418.6
29.2
241.2

415.9
29.4
242.2

285.4
24.0
132.5

283.4
23.4
135.3

292.6
24.3
137.8

150.2
11.4
74.4
2.9
17.0
14.0
4.6

146.4
11.2
72.0
2.7
15.7
14.1
4.3

145.6
11.2
72.2
2.7
15.6
13.9
4.3

440.0
53.0
118.7
14.8
85.8
38.2
22.7

432.8
52.1
113.3
14.3
81.4
37.9
22.0

433.2
51.9
113.7
14.3
85.1
37.4
21.6

212.5
19.9
63.9
7.1
31.9
10.5
13.1

204.9
18.5
63.1
6.8
30.6
10.1
12.7

210.3
19.3
63.5
7.1
31.0
10.4
12.8

31.9
28.7

32.1
28.7

32.0
28.7

85.4
76.3

84.9
75.1

83.5
74.2

46.2
37.0

44.1
34.6

46.6
37.4

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

33.2
129.8

32.1
126.7

31.8
125.6

262.1
759.7

261.9
762.4

263.3
761.5

275.2
590.0

275.0
583.4

272.5
586.7

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

370.4
5.8
40.5
9.3
4.7
42.7
9.0
5.7
70.7
32.6
5.7
8.4
5.3
65.0
28.4

354.1
5.6
38.9
8.7
4.7
42.1
8.8
5.2
69.1
31.3
5.7
8.1
5.2
63.4
26.9

353.0
5.6
38.8
8.8
4.6
41.9
8.8
5.0
68.9
30.9
5.7
8.0
5.2
63.6
27.1

1,610.9
37.2
155.3
36.7
25.9
115.0
38.2
53.5
255.6
203.0
35.0
40.4
27.9
279.4
116.5

1,638.4
37.4
154.8
38.2
26.4
115.3
39.4
53.5
250.2
206.7
35.6
42.7
28.3
286.9
116.8

1,641.0
37.0
155.8
38.4
26.4
115.4
39.7
53.7
250.6
205.0
35.6
43.0
28.5
288.2
118.6

863.6
21.4
69.6
20.5
38.8
65.2
23.5
23.8
125.2
66.7
31.5
13.8
53.1
116.6
47.2

885.6
22.7
72.3
20.9
37.0
65.1
24.1
23.6
126.4
67.9
31.3
14.2
53.0
117.6
47.1

895.8
23.0
73.3
20.9
38.5
65.4
24.6
23.5
125.1
68.4
31.9
14.4
54.1
118.9
47.5

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

70




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Sept.
1991

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1991p

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

3,013.5
50.6
69.4
1,494.9
183.4
95.9
129.9
115.3

2,950.6
50.3
66.2
1,456.9
182.3
97.0
127.1
114.0

2,955.7
51.0
68.6
1,459.5
182.5
97.5
127.8
113.9

(2)

(2)

Hawaii
Honolulu

530.0
410.6

527.8
405.5

536.5
413.3

(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

Idaho
Boise City

399.8
108.5

408.5
109.3

410.2
109.2

(1)

(1)

(1)

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ...
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

5,313.7
150.7
68.3
92.6
3,205.4
166.0
54.8
107.4
36.4
221.7
151.1
139.6
105.4

5,314.3
150.9
68.0
90.2
3,233.6
165.3
54.6
110.2
36.9
227.9
152.0
138.2
107.1

5,303.7
151.4
68.5
93.7
3,220.7
165.9
54.5
110.0
37.4
225.9
151.4
139.2
107.9

20.1
(1)
1
()
(1)
2.3
(1)
1
()
(')
(1)

19.8
(1)
1
()

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,549.2
51.2
58.3
102.6
136.5
206.5
250.7
677.5
47.5
72.5
56.0
121.5
59.7

2,554.9
50.6
58.9
104.5
138.6
207.5
251.3
688.7
45.5
72.2
56.2
123.0
61.0

2,557.0
50.6
59.9
104.5
139.8
207.4
250.4
691.6
45.5
72.5
56.6
122.8
61.3

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

1,245.3
95.3
235.5
46.1
56.5
56.3
72.6

1,241.5
94.2
232.5
46.5
55.3
56.6
71.8

1,249.8
94.4
234.4
46.7
56.4
57.2
73.6

(')
(1)
(1)
(1)

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,093.4
38.3
90.4
244.6

1,099.9
37.7
89.6
247.7

1,105.9
38.3
89.7
248.5

10.3
(1)
(1)
2.0

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,495.1
205.7
487.2
37.1

1,499.6
201.2
489.8
36.8

1,498.3
204.0
491.3
36.9

35.8
.3
.6
.6

34.2
.3
.6
.4

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,619.6
46.9
238.6
58.5
98.8
67.1
59.3
540.7
134.6

1,633.1
46.9
240.3
60.0
99.1
68.8
60.0
539.4
134.7

1,631.8
47.2
240.6
60.2
99.2
68.7
60.9
540.3
135.7

56.3
.1
.9
5.5
12.9
1.3
.5
13.8
3.1

54.9
.1
.9
5.7
12.3
1.2
.5
13.9
3.0

Oct.
1990

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

8.7
(2)
.1
1.2
.6
.1
.2

0
0

0
2.1
(1)
(1)
(1)

0
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
()

32.6
24.7

3.1

21.3
6.7

23.1
6.2

23.0
6.1

19.8
(1)
1
()
(1)
2.1
(1)
1
()
(1)
(1)
(1)

230.9
9.5
2.8
2.8
134.5
7.0
3.6
8.3
1.8
12.2
8.4
6.3
3.7

228.6
9.3
2.5
2.8
134.3
7.1
3.7
8.9
2.0
12.2
8.7
6.1
4.3

221.9
8.8
2.5
2.8
132.1
7.1
3.5
8.7
1.9
12.1
8.4
5.9
4.2

127.6
1.5
2.5
3.7
7.5
10.4
17.4
40.2
1.5
2.9
2.4
7.1
2.8

125.6
1.3
2.8
3.7
7.6
10.6
17.0
40.4
1.5
2.7
2.5
7.9
2.7

124.7
1.2
2.7
3.7
7.8
10.5
16.6
41.1
1.4
2.7
2.5
8.0
2.7

2.2

50.3
4.6
10.1
1.9
1.8
2.7
2.5

51.2
4.8
10.1
1.9
1.8
3.0
2.6

50.8
4.8
10.1
2.0
1.8
2.9
2.6

9.7

1.8

43.8
1.8
3.6
10.4

44.7
1.7
3.8
10.9

44.6
1.7
3.8
10.8

34.0
.3
.6
.4

70.1
10.8
24.5
2.3

69.4
9.8
23.6
2.2

68.8
9.8
23.8
2.1

54.5
.1
.9
5.7
12.2
1.2
.5
13.7
3.1

96.2
3.3
27.2
2.0
4.6
6.0
2.8
24.2
6.3

96.6
3.4
27.1
2.6
4.5
7.6
3.6
24.2
6.6

96.0
3.4
27.0
2.6
4.5
7.6
4.2
24.0
6.6

7.3
(1)
(1)
(1)

1.9

0

1.9
(1)
(1)

.8

(1)

(1)

0
(1)
(1)

o
(1)
(1)

2.2

0
(1)

33.0
24.9

0)
(1)
0

(1)

.5

32.5
24.2

.1
1.1
.6
.1
.1

7.5

2.0

.9

129.5
3.0
2.4
60.5
17.2
5.6
4.9
9.8

(2)
(2)

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

131.0
3.0
2.5
61.2
17.0
5.5
4.8
10.1

3.1

8.2
(1)

147.0
2.8
2.5
68.3
18.2
5.5
5.1
10.8

(2)
.1
1.1
.6
.1
.1

4.1

Oct.
1991P

(2)

(2)

0
(1)
0)
(1)

8.4

8.4

Sept.
1991

.8
(1)
(f)
(1)
(1)

.6

.5

2.2
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

O
(1)
(1)
(1)

0)
1
(1)
(1)
()
9.8

(1)
(1)
1.8

0)
(1)

See footnotes at end of table.




71

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
)ublic utilities>

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

554.0
8.3
15.1
171.3
41.4
19.4
19.2
17.6

543.7
8.0
14.9
170.8
42.0
20.5
18.6
16.9

543.3
7.9
14.8
170.2
41.7
20.6
18.7
16.9

201.0
2.9
1.9
131.4
4.7
3.2
5.2
9.4

194.5
2.7
1.9
126.2
4.5
3.2
5.3
9.6

195.4
2.7
1.9
127.3
4.5
3.1
5.2
9.5

750.9
12.0
15.9
407.1
39.4
20.3
29.4
27.5

724.4
12.4
15.3
387.5
38.0
19.5
28.6
26.3

724.5
12.6
15.4
388.2
38.4
19.6
28.5
26.5

Hawaii
Honolulu

20.9
15.7

20.3
15.1

20.2
15.0

42.6
34.7

42.2
34.4

42.2
34.3

136.7
103.1

135.1
101.4

135.5
101.6

Idaho
Boise City

65.0
16.1

65.3
16.3

65.6
16.3

20.6
5.8

20.9
6.0

20.8
5.9

99.6
27.1

101.9
26.9

101.8
26.7

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

982.4
38.4
7.7
9.6
561.0
32.8
14.5
19.7
5.7
48.7
33.9
48.8
4.2

976.2
38.8
7.8
9.7
557.8
31.7
14.5
19.8
5.6
48.7
33.2
47.4
4.2

972.9
38.3
7.8
9.9
556.2
31.7
14.5
19.8
5.7
48.5
33.0
47.7
4.2

308.4
3.7
3.2
2.3
209.4
7.3
4.2
8.5
2.3
5.9
7.0
4.8
4.8

308.9
3.8
3.0
2.4
209.0
7.5
4.3
8.7
2.2
5.9
7.2
4.9
4.8

309.6
3.7
3.0
2.4
208.9
7.6
4.3
8.7
2.3
5.9
7.2
4.9
4.8

1,265.0
40.2
15.6
19.5
756.6
47.5
12.1
24.9
8.9
59.3
35.3
29.7
23.0

1,275.2
40.6
15.4
19.3
769.9
47.0
11.5
25.9
9.2
61.2
35.8
30.1
23.4

1,264.7
40.6
15.6
19.6
765.6
46.7
11.5
25.7
9.3
60.5
35.9
30.0
23.9

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

637.7
16.5
9.4
50.4
30.7
51.3
57.0
110.8
18.9
13.9
11.5
21.9
10.8

631.6
16.1
9.0
51.6
31.1
51.2
55.7
110.7
17.5
13.8
11.2
21.0
11.4

630.4
15.9
8.9
51.6
30.8
50.9
55.5
110.4
17.6
13.9
11.1
21.0
11.4

132.7
1.3
1.7
3.5
7.0
13.7
16.6
43.9
1.4
2.0
2.7
5.7
2.8

134.5
1.2
1.8
3.2
6.8
14.4
16.8
43.8
1.4
2.1
2.7
5.5
2.7

134.3
1.2
1.8
3.2
6.8
14.2
16.6
43.8
1.4
2.1
2.7
5.4
2.7

599.8
12.1
13.1
19.1
35.6
51.6
59.1
172.4
10.5
14.8
13.0
31.3
16.1

598.8
11.8
12.9
18.7
35.1
50.7
60.1
175.1
9.8
14.6
12.9
31.2
16.3

596.8
12.0
13.4
18.7
34.9
50.8
59.6
175.0
9.7
14.6
12.9
31.2
16.5

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

237.4
21.9
26.8
12.6
4.5
11.1
17.3

232.8
21.2
26.0
12.9
4.9
10.7
16.7

232.8
21.1
25.9
12.9
4.7
10.7
17.1

55.8
6.0
12.5
1.7
1.4
3.1
1.8

55.0
6.0
12.2
1.7
1.5
3.3
1.9

54.8
6.0
12.1
1.7
1.4
3.3
1.8

310.8
22.8
59.8
10.7
11.2
14.3
17.1

310.1
22.5
58.3
10.4
11.4
14.0
17.0

309.5
22.3
58.8
10.4
11.4
14.2
17.4

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

185.8
4.7
9.1
64.1

185.8
4.7
8.9
63.6

185.7
4.7
8.8
63.8

66.5
1.1
6.9
11.7

69.0
1.0
6.8
11.4

69.1
1.0
6.7
11.5

268.5
8.3
19.5
56.9

267.9
8.0
18.9
57.8

269.3
8.1
19.0
58.0

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

288.6
33.6
89.8
6.7

283.5
32.3
87.1
6.6

284.0
32.5
87.4
6.6

81.4
9.0
31.6
2.3

82.7
9.3
31.7
2.3

82.2
9.3
32.0
2.3

354.5
45.8
121.5
9.7

355.1
44.9
123.3
9.4

354.3
45.4
123.3
9.6

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

187.6
3.2
23.0
6.0
9.1
11.5
7.9
45.7
18.2

185.7
3.2
23.4
6.0
9.5
9.9
8.0
44.5
17.6

186.4
3.2
23.3
6.1
9.8
9.9
8.0
44.5
17.4

111.4
2.3
11.0
6.8
7.1
4.4
3.1
44.1
8.1

110.7
2.4
11.3
6.7
7.0
4.6
3.0
44.1
8.0

110.0
2.4
11.4
6.8
6.8
4.5
3.0
43.7
8.0

373.0
10.5
53.7
14.6
25.6
15.6
15.0
133.8
32.2

378.4
10.5
54.7
15.0
26.0
15.8
15.0
133.9
33.2

377.8
10.5
54.8
14.9
26.0
15.8
15.0
134.0
33.2

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

See footnotes at end of table.

72



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991 p

162.9
2.1
2.2
107.8
6.1
6.3
7.9
5.0

162.6
2.2
2.1
107.9
5.9
6.5
8.4
5.4

161.4
2.2
2.1
107.0
5.8
6.5
8.4
5.3

649.2
9.1
11.1
380.5
36.5
20.3
27.4
27.8

651.6
9.2
11.3
379.6
37.8
20.9
26.6
29.0

649.2
9.2
11.8
377.0
37.6
21.1
26.8
29.1

539.9
13.4
20.7
227.2
36.6
20.8
35.5
17.0

534.4
12.8
18.1
222.6
36.5
20.8
34.7
16.7

544.0
13.4
20.1
228.2
36.7
20.9
35.2
16.8

Hawaii
Honolulu

37.4
30.0

37.9
30.3

38.1
30.5

155.5
116.3

160.3
119.0

160.3
118.9

104.4
86.6

99.0
80.4

107.6
88.3

Idaho
Boise City

19.9
8.2

20.6
8.4

20.5
8.3

83.6
24.4

88.5
25.6

88.1
25.1

85.7
20.2

85.1
19.9

87.3
20.8

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ...
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

374.6
8.2
11.3
3.3
267.7
7.7
2.3
3.7
2.1
13.3
7.6
5.6
8.1

375.3
8.4
11.4
3.3
266.7
7.8
2.3
3.8
1.8
13.5
7.8
5.5
8.1

372.9
8.4
11.4
3.3
265.8
7.8
2.2
3.8
1.8
13.5
7.8
5.6
8.1

1,356.8
34.2
14.5
18.1
896.6
37.4
12.2
24.5
9.0
50.0
41.7
31.5
26.9

1,374.9
35.2
14.9
19.2
918.6
38.1
12.4
25.3
9.7
54.4
42.3
32.1
27.5

1,367.8
35.0
14.9
19.7
912.7
38.1
12.5
25.5
9.8
52.7
41.9
32.6
28.0

775.5
16.5
13.2
37.0
377.3
26.3
5.9
17.8
6.6
32.3
17.2
12.9
34.7

755.4
14.8
13.0
33.5
375.2
26.1
5.9
17.8
6.4
32.0
17.0
12.1
34.8

774.1
16.6
13.3
36.0
377.3
26.9
6.0
17.8
6.6
32.7
17.2
12.5
34.7

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

122.5
1.6
1.9
2.8
5.3
12.8
8.4
49.7
1.4
3.0
1.7
6.3
2.1

125.6
1.6
2.0
2.4
5.4
13.1
8.5
52.1
1.4
3.0
1.7
6.6
2.1

124.8
1.6
2.0
2.4
5.4
13.0
8.4
52.0
1.4
3.1
1.7
6.5
2.1

536.4
11.4
10.4
16.6
35.1
47.0
58.5
159.5
7.4
13.1
12.1
37.1
12.8

555.0
11.5
11.9
18.0
36.4
47.6
60.6
162.3
7.6
13.2
12.8
38.8
13.1

556.2
11.6
11.9
17.8
37.3
47.7
60.4
163.9
7.5
13.2
12.7
38.5
12.9

384.3
6.8
19.3
6.4
13.3
19.7
33.7
100.1
6.5
22.7
12.6
12.0
11.8

376.2
7.1
18.6
6.8
14.2
19.8
32.7
103.5
6.5
22.7
12.3
12.1
12.1

382.6
7.2
19.2
7.0
14.7
20.3
33.2
104.6
6.6
23.0
12.9
12.1
12.4

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

69.6
4.8
31.8
1.5
1.4
2.5
3.1

71.6
5.0
32.5
1.6
1.4
2.6
3.4

71.2
4.9
32.6
1.6
1.4
2.6
3.5

294.7
23.3
62.1
13.6
10.0
16.2
17.2

302.3
23.1
61.9
14.1
10.0
16.8
17.0

303.4
23.2
62.4
14.1
10.5
17.2
17.4

224.5
11.9
32.4
4.1
26.2
6.4
13.6

216.3
11.6
31.5
3.9
24.3
6.2
13.2

225.1
12.1
32.5
4.0
25.2
6.3
13.8

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

58.0
1.6
6.3
11.4

57.9
1.6
6.4
11.4

57.8
1.6
6.4
11.3

244.1
8.1
23.0
58.6

251.6
8.5
23.0
61.9

252.1
8.6
23.1
61.9

216.4
12.7
22.0
29.5

213.2
12.2
21.8
28.9

217.6
12.6
21.9
29.4

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

60.9
9.5
27.8
1.5

61.2
9.6
28.2
1.5

60.9
9.7
28.2
1.4

334.3
51.3
126.6
8.4

341.9
50.3
129.4
8.6

341.7
51.4
129.4
8.6

269.5
45.4
64.8
5.6

271.6
44.7
65.9
5.8

272.4
45.6
66.6
5.9

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

78.7
2.1
13.1
2.1
3.4
2.6
4.3
31.4
6.2

79.1
2.0
13.0
2.1
3.4
2.8
4.5
31.2
6.6

78.4
2.0
12.9
2.1
3.4
2.8
4.5
31.2
6.5

382.1
12.4
54.5
10.7
22.4
14.7
13.4
157.5
33.7

388.8
12.6
55.0
10.9
22.8
15.7
13.5
159.0
34.2

389.8
12.6
54.9
10.9
22.7
15.6
13.7
159.3
34.7

334.3
13.0
55.2
10.8
13.7
11.0
12.3
90.2
26.8

338.9
12.7
54.9
11.0
13.6
11.2
11.9
88.6
25.5

338.9
13.0
55.4
11.1
13.8
11.3
12.0
89.9
26.2

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

See footnotes at end of table.




73

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

(Construction

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

542.6
40.9
132.1

523.6
37.9
125.8

523.8
38.6
124.6

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

2,189.7
1,160.8
473.1
781.8

2,149.9
1,139.0
462.0
771.4

2,152.6
1,145.4
464.2
769.5

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

2,967.4
1,666.4
70.5
52.1
38.2
153.8
98.5
64.6
41.7
234.4
191.1

2,804.5
1,577.9
66.6
50.8
36.0
146.2
93.2
62.0
40.8
225.3
178.7

2,816.2
1,589.9
66.9
50.8
36.1
145.7
93.2
62.2
41.2
226.2
179.8

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

3,993.9
182.9
61.6
68.8
1,958.0
171.2
364.4
55.7
118.3
221.9
59.7
168.3

3,893.9
178.5
60.4
67.1
1,897.3
172.7
364.7
54.6
116.0
211.7
59.6
169.1

3,921.7
183.9
60.0
67.6
1,898.1
172.6
367.3
54.6
116.9
222.7
59.0
168.4

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,159.7
99.6
1,386.0
67.1
81.0

2,159.6
100.3
1,382.9
67.5
82.0

2,171.3
100.6
1,391.0
67.2
83.2

950.4
188.3

954.4
189.0

956.8
189.8

2,366.9
792.1
1,194.6
124.2

2,342.9
789.2
1,178.7
123.4

2,346.4
788.3
1,183.1
125.1

Montana

303.7

307.7

308.0

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

743.7
124.3
335.0

778.8
125.9
351.2

787.6
126.8
353.9

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

643.5
388.7
147.8

642.9
389.2
146.4

645.5
392.0
146.5

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester....

511.1
81.6
89.2
114.2

490.9
78.6
84.1
109.9

491.9
79.2
84.7
109.9

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

3,665.6
174.4
651.9
451.9
249.0
551.6
330.0
939.6
198.7
60.9

3,562.3
178.7
625.9
438.2
236.2
540.4
331.1
909.4
191.3
59.5

3,565.6
169.9
628.7
441.3
236.7
543.1
325.7
912.6
194.6
59.5

Oct.
1990

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

See footnotes at end of table.

74



Sept.
1991

0.1
(2)
(2)

Oct.
1991*

2.1
.5
1

0

87.7
3.9
54.0
2.6
4.3

85.4
4.2
51.6
2.4
3.9

83.9
4.3
51.0
2.4
3.8

5.7
.5

37.8
7.7

35.2
7.0

35.1
6.9

4.8

104.4
33.9
57.6
4.9

104.1
35.0
54.5
5.0

102.7
34.5
53.9
5.1

6.0

12.2

12.5

12.2

1.9

29.2
4.3
13.9

34.9
4.4
15.5

35.3
4.4
15.7

14.5
.3
1.5

50.9
36.7
7.9

46.8
32.9
7.7

46.8
32.9
7.8

.4

22.2
3.0
3.1
3.7

17.8
2.4
2.0
3.5

17.3
2.3
2.0
3.4

2.2

148.3
7.8
27.5
22.6
6.3
22.7
15.6
35.2
4.6
2.1

132.7
6.7
24.3
21.5
4.8
20.3
14.5
32.9
4.5
2.3

130.7
6.7
24.0
21.0
4.9
19.1
14.5
32.3
4.5
2.2

()
(1)
(1)
5.8
.6
4.9
(1)
(1)
(1)
5.9

1.8

1.9
(1)
(1)

0
(1)

14.6
.3
1.6

14.5
.2
1.5

.4

.4
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

0
2.4

2.3
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

.7

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.7

.6
(1)

(1)
.8

.5

.5
(1)

.4

9.0
5.5

1.1

2

6.5

(1)

137.0
3.7
2.6
2.2
63.0
5.4
15.7
2.1
3.9
6.0
2.4
8.6

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)

137.1
3.9
2.5
2.2
62.2
5.4
15.9
2.1
3.9
6.4
2.6
8.7

8.9

9.0
5.5

5.3

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

149.5
5.6
2.5
2.1
67.8
5.6
17.2
2.3
4.2
6.6
2.7
8.7

.1
.2
.2

1.2

6.1
.6

(1)
(1)
(1)

73.8
40.5
2.2
1.6
1.1
4.3
3.3
2.1
2.0
6.1
5.0

(1)
(1)
(1)

()
(1)
(1)

0
(1)

77.3
41.8
2.3
1.7
1.2
4.4
3.3
2.1
2.0
6.4
5.1

9.4

2

(1)
(1)
(1)

98.9
51.1
2.3
1.8
1.5
5.6
3.6
2.3
2.1
8.2
6.7

.1
.2
.2

8.7
5.4
()
(1)
(1)

1.6
.7
()
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)

0
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()

2

149.8
72.6
17.8
63.2

()

(1)
(1)

0
(1)

152.6
73.2
18.0
64.6

2

8.0

1.1

160.6
77.2
19.4
68.9

1.6
.7

.1
.2
.2

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

2.2
.5

O

()
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)

(1)
(1)
(1)

24.6
1.8
5.3

1

2

()
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)

25.7
1.8
5.8

2.2
.6

1.4
.6
2

(1)
.3

Oct.
199P

29.5
2.1
6.8

(2)
(2)

0
(1)

()
(1)

Sept.
1991

0.2

0.2
(2)
(2)

Oct.
1990

.3

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities

Manufacturing

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991^

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991*

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

102.0
8.8
17.4

96.7
8.2
16.4

96.4
8.1
15.8

22.8
1.4
6.5

22.1
1.3
7.0

21.8
1.3
6.9

134.5
10.8
39.5

130.6
9.9
35.7

129.8
10.3
34.4

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

206.0
129.4
44.6
35.9

198.6
124.5
43.2
35.5

198.5
124.1
43.2
35.3

103.4
56.5
28.5
33.2

101.9
56.6
27.8
33.6

101.8
56.2
27.9
33.7

531.0

526.0
264.4
84.9

520.3
264.1
84.8

196.0

195.4

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

512.9
235.8

482.1
224.5
8.3

39.8

41.4
27.8
15.3
8.9
43.9
37.6

123.5
73.3
4.0
1.7
1.3
6.0
5.0
2.7
1.3
10.0
8.3

122.4
72.3
4.0
1.7
1.3
6.1
5.0
2.6
1.3
10.2
8.2

697.8
367.4
22.6
13.2
9.8
35.9
22.0
16.9
9.9
53.5
45.5

647.5
345.0
21.5

10.4
41.6
28.3
15.3
8.9
43.9
37.5

128.9
75.2
4.7
1.9
1.4
6.4
5.1
2.8
1.2
10.4
9.0

648.7

13.1

480.4
223.5
8.3
13.2

9.2
34.0
21.0
16.2
9.3
51.0
41.9

50.8
42.1

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

945.9
35.6
16.2
22.0
449.3
49.0
103.4
12.9
29.5
31.7
16.5
44.5

906.4
38.0
15.5
21.2
426.3
47.7
101.9
12.2
28.5
31.8
16.1
43.8

900.8
38.0
15.0
21.2
419.2
47.8

102.4
12.4
28.4
31.7
16.0
43.9

157.9
5.3
1.6
2.8
89.7
4.5
12.3
3.9
3.4
5.7
2.2
6.4

158.1
5.4
1.6
2.8
89.9
4.8
11.9
3.6
3.5
5.9
2.2
6.3

157.0
5.4
1.6
2.8
89.4
4.9
11.8
3.5
3.5
5.9
2.2
6.4

947.4
32.7
12.9
14.2
470.5
43.9
97.6
13.5
27.1
47.7
14.5
42.2

925.9
32.6
12.8
13.7
454.0
43.7
98.8
13.5
25.7
47.4
14.6
42.7

926.6
33.3
12.8
13.5
455.4
43.1
99.9
13.6
26.2
48.5
14.2
42.3

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

400.0
8.7
259.5
12.1
14.7

399.8
8.8
254.9
11.7
15.7

394.7
8.8
253.0
11.5
15.8

110.4
6.2
77.4
1.9
4.0

109.9
6.2
77.0
1.9
4.2

110.3
6.2
77.2

519.0
24.9

1.9
4.3

329.9
13.6
23.4

522.3
24.4
331.4
13.6
23.5

518.4
24.6
329.8
13.7
23.7

Mississippi
Jackson

249.1
21.3

248.1
22.1

248.6
22.1

46.1
12.9

45.4
13.0

45.9
13.1

200.6
44.6

204.3
44.6

203.7
44.7

434.5
110.8

419.4

416.7
107.6

155.6
63.6

564.8

200.9

210.3

21.6

21.8

78.6
7.7

78.4
7.4

282.8
35.4

556.1
198.1
276.6

555.0
198.1

210.8
21.7

153.9
63.8
78.7
7.5

153.6
63.6

221.7

Montana

23.4

23.1

23.0

20.1

20.5

20.7

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

100.8
15.4
37.7

103.8
15.4
40.4

104.8
15.4
40.6

46.0
6.8
23.5

46.1
6.8
23.6

27.2
11.0
8.9

26.4
10.1
8.8

26.5
10.1
8.9

33.2
20.0
9.8

104.8
11.2
30.2
20.5

100.5
10.7
29.0
19.9

100.7
10.8
29.0
19.9

596.3
7.4
135.4
66.5
39.4

558.2
7.1
127.0
62.2
35.7
104.7
22.8
149.6
25.1
15.3

554.4
7.2
127.2
62.2
35.8
103.0
22.9
147.3
25.2
15.2

9.2
13.8
10.7
43.5
30.4
15.9

9.2
46.0

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester
New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

|

107.5
25.4
157.4
26.4
15.9

109.4

10.4

268.7
87.3
197.7

342.1
21.4
13.1

13.1
9.2
33.6
21.1
16.2

9.5

34.9

277.1
35.0

79.4

81.2

80.3

46.4
6.9
23.4

188.2
26.9
82.5

194.8
26.9
85.2

196.5
27.0
85.8

33.7
20.4
9.7

33.8
20.5
9.7

129.4
77.3
34.5

129.9
78.6
34.1

130.0
78.5
34.1

17.8
4.7
2.3
3.1

17.4
4.6
2.2
2.8

17.3
4.7
2.2
2.8

128.9
21.2
21.1
29.9

119.9
19.8
19.1
28.5

120.0
19.8
19.0
28.1

239.2
7.2

234.1
7.2
28.8
19.0
27.6
43.6
15.6
76.8
7.5
2.3

235.3
7.3
28.9

876.7
36.4
185.3

847.9
35.3
177.1

19.1

122.6
64.0

849.8
40.7
176.4
116.2
61.8
128.5
90.2
177.9
29.8
10.5

30.8

19.3
30.5
42.7
15.4
78.1
7.3
2.5

27.8
44.4
15.7

76.9
7.5
2A

134.1
90.7
186.7
31.4
11.4

117.4
61.7
129.7
87.1
177.4
29.6
10.7

See footnotes at end of table.




75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

24.9
2.3
12.2

25.2
2.1
12.6

25.1
2.1
12.6

131.2
11.1
33.7

129.4
10.5
32.8

128.8
10.8
33.2

97.6
4.4
16.0

93.7
4.1
15.5

97.1
4.2
16.4

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

131.5
75.5
44.7
46.4

128.9
74.0
43.1
45.3

127.8
73.9
43.1
44.6

627.3
333.3
156.6
234.1

627.7
333.8
154.3
234.8

625.6
333.9
156.3
232.4

427.8
219.7
92.0
165.6

412.0
211.9
90.7
161.6

426.6
220.1
91.1
164.9

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

212.2
143.9
3.2
3.3
1.4
5.9
3.3
2.4
1.8
15.2
14.0

205.5
137.0
3.1
3.2
1.4
5.5
2.8
2.4
1.8
14.1
13.6

205.0
136.9
3.1
3.1
1.4
5.5
2.9
2.4
1.8
14.0
13.6

926.5
595.6
16.5
11.2
8.8
36.2
21.1
14.9
12.6
63.4
51.9

894.8
572.0
16.3
11.1
8.3
35.2
20.6
14.8
13.0
63.7
49.2

907.8
581.1
16.5
11.1
8.3
34.9
20.6
14.8
12.9
64.8
49.8

388.8
196.8
12.0
6.9
4.6
20.3
13.0
9.4
4.8
37.5
24.0

371.0
186.5
11.2
6.9
4.2
19.5
12.2
8.5
4.4
36.0
22.9

377.7
189.9
11.3
7.0
4.4
19.9
12.5
8.8
4.7
36.2
23.3

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

191.6
4.7
3.4
2.6
113.2
6.7
16.2
1.7
5.4
13.0
1.5
6.3

193.2
4.8
3.5
2.6
113.6
6.5
16.6
1.7
5.7
13.4
1.5
6.4

192.1
4.8
3.5
2.6
113.3
6.6
16.4
1.7
5.6
13.3
1.5
6.3

951.1
40.8
13.3
15.9
528.8
37.6
82.3
11.2
29.3
45.2
12.8
39.1

956.6
41.4
13.1
15.4
520.6
40.0
84.4
11.4
29.6
44.8
13.4
39.7

959.8
41.4
13.1
15.9
521.9
39.9
85.3
11.3
29.8
44.9
13.3
39.2

642.3
58.3
11.7
9.3
237.7
23.7
35.4
10.3
19.5
72.0
9.5
21.0

607.2
52.5
11.3
9.2
229.5
24.6
35.4
9.9
19.1
62.0
9.3
21.5

639.5
57.3
11.5
9.4
234.9
24.9
35.9
10.1
19.5
72.5
9.4
21.8

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

124.7
3.3
97.1
1.8
2.4

127.2
3.3
99.0
1.8
2.6

126.5
3.3
98.4
1.8
2.6

561.9
25.0
376.6
28.3
18.6

576.5
26.0
386.7
29.6
19.0

577.6
25.8
388.1
29.2
19.2

347.3
22.2
190.9
6.8
13.7

329.5
21.9
181.7
6.5
13.1

350.9
22.1
192.9
6.7
13.8

38.8
14.3

38.9
14.1

38.6
14.0

163.1
44.5

168.1
45.5

168.6
45.9

208.9
42.3

208.6
42.1

210.6
42.6

138.9
59.4
76.5
5.4

138.7
59.1
75.9
5.4

138.3
59.0
75.5
5.5

587.6
199.8
330.1
33.4

595.4
201.0
336.5
34.1

596.6
201.6
338.6
34.4

375.8
123.7
147.3
15.8

370.4
122.8
145.7
14.8

378.7
123.9
149.3
15.9

13.2

13.6

13.6

76.8

79.3

78.0

72.1

71.6

74.2

198.4
30.2
107.1

145.8
33.5
47.9

150.5
33.8
50.2

154.0
34.3
51.9

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
Montana
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

48.4
8.5
28.6

50.1
8.5
29.4

50.3
8.6
29.4

183.5
28.9
100.9

196.7
30.1
106.9

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

28.7
18.7
7.2

29.0
19.0
7.4

28.8
18.9
7.4

279.3
183.1
58.8

279.2
184.3
57.6

279.6
185.6
57.1

80.2
41.6
19.1

83.4
43.7
19.6

85.5
45.2
20.0

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester....

31.5
8.4
3.5
7.1

30.8
8.3
3.4
7.1

30.9
8.2
3.5
7.2

129.3
24.1
21.0
22.7

131.1
23.9
21.1
23.2

130.7
24.5
21.5
22.7

76.2
9.0
8.0
27.2

73.0
8.9
7.3
24.9

74.6
8.9
7.5
25.8

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark

236.9
6.6
37.2
24.2
16.8
42.2
18.9
74.4
11.2
4.5

231.2
6.5
35.4
24.0
16.8
42.1
18.9
71.7
11.2
4.4

229.8
6.2
35.0
23.8
16.8
41.8
18.7
71.7
11.3
4.3

993.9
82.0
165.9
119.4
50.7
124.0
100.1
270.7
61.4
11.3

1,005.2
82.6
167.9
120.6
50.2
127.7
105.0
271.8
60.1
11.9

997.7
79.4
167.0
120.6
50.0
128.0
102.4
271.9
63.0
11.8

571.9
27.0
69.8
77.3
41.3
77.7
63.9
136.3
56.4
12.8

548.8
27.9
66.1
74.7
39.3
72.8
64.1
128.2
53.1
12.5

567.6
27.8
69.5
77.2
39.7
76.5
64.4
134.6
53.5
12.6

Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.

76




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

15.7

Oct.
1991 p

30.8
13.0
2.1
3.3

30.4
12.6
2.1
3.3

30.6
12.6
2.0
3.3

5.3
.3

318.7
20.2
5.5
20.5
1.9
2.4
53.8
140.9
112.3
4.4
4.4
6.2
20.5
4.4
16.8
4.9
22.4

293.0
18.0
4.6
20.2
1.8
2.1
49.7
125.4
99.1
4.2
4.0
5.5
18.5
3.8
14.9
4.5
20.9

286.2
17.6
4.5
19.6
1.7
2.0
48.4
123.0
97.2
4.1
3.9
5.4
18.0
3.6
14.4
4.4
20.5

5.2

165.9
4.6
37.8
25.0
22.3

157.0
4.5
36.8
23.6
21.6

156.0
4.5
36.2
23.5
21.4

4.7

11.8
2.1
4.3
1.4

12.3
2.6
4.2
1.3

12.1
2.6
4.1
1.3

16.7
.6
.8
.4
.5
.9
.4
.2
.3

16.3
.6
.8
.4
.5
.9
.4
.2
.3

213.6
11.3
8.0
34.6
37.3
30.9
16.5
12.5
9.1

215.6
11.2
8.2
35.4
37.8
31.9
16.8
12.1
8.6

209.9
11.0
8.3
34.3
37.1
30.9
16.2
12.1
8.4

43.9
.9
.3
10.2
11.9

41.6
.8
.3
9.2
12.4

42.0
.8
.3
9.4
12.3

38.2
.6
.9
12.1
11.7

35.7
.6
.9
11.9
12.4

35.2
.6
1.0
11.4
12.5

1.8
.2
.1
.6
.1

1.9
.2
.1
.6
.1

1.8
.2
.1
.6
.1

57.5
4.3
2.3
31.1
5.1

58.8
4.5
2.1
31.0
5.1

58.2
4.4
2.1
30.4
4.9

26.5
.5

26.0
.5
()

239.5
13.3
2.5
2.6
4.4
14.3
4.3
12.3
101.9
16.4
47.0

233.4
12.9
2.5
2.7
4.3
14.1
4.6
12.1
100.3
14.4
46.2

228.2
12.8
2.5
2.7
4.3
14.0
4.2
12.1
97.9
14.2
45.3

586.6
250.3
44.3
61.5

586.6
249.2
44.8
61.6

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

8,230.1
439.8
120.3
466.9
41.8
47.5
1,124.5
4,091.2
3,564.3
88.2
106.5
121.7
497.4
102.5
322.4
129.0
405.4

7,928.9
430.4
114.9
460.2
39.6
46.7
1,091.4
3,898.3
3,385.8
85.4
105.3
118.1
488.4
99.8
312.9
126.1
394.0

7,955.2
432.4
116.2
463.9
39.8
46.1
1,094.2
3,906.6
3,394.2
86.0
105.0
118.4
493.3
100.3
315.9
125.4
393.3

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

3,161.3
89.6
635.9
502.0
436.6

3,129.0
88.2
635.2
492.6
432.5

3,143.6
89.0
637.2
493.3
434.8

270.9
40.8
80.5
33.0

274.3
42.4
80.7
33.0

276.2
42.1
83.1
33.2

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

4,974.2
291.7
167.9
753.9
959.4
735.2
456.4
294.8
201.0

4,966.1
292.6
167.2
760.7
957.3
737.3
456.4
292.3
199.8

4,965.6
292.6
166.9
758.1
955.2
741.9
455.7
292.4
199.3

17.8
.7
.8
.4
.8
1.0
.4
.2
.4

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,197.7
21.4
35.2
427.0
322.6

1,195.0
21.3
35.1
430.1
322.5

1,199.8
21.6
35.6
430.6
325.0

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem

1,274.1
121.0
56.2
646.0
111.6

1,284.4
116.8
55.0
653.0
113.5

1,292.6
119.5
56.4
656.9
113.7

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

5,213.5
291.3
54.7
51.3
122.4
317.4
85.1
194.6
2,233.3
748.3
930.7

5,161.4
289.9
54.8
50.5
120.2
317.2
84.1
189.9
2,192.7
729.5
922.9

5,178.0
292.3
54.8
51.2
120.7
316.0
84.1
191.9
2,201.5
734.7
928.3

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

Sept.
1991

15.8

580.5
248.4
44.8
61.1

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1991?

16.0
1

( )
(1)

5.7
.4
(1)
(1)

0
1
(1)
(1)
()

5.2
.3
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

.1

.2

(1)

0
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)

9
(1)

0

9
.7

1

( )
(1)

(1)

o)

9

(1)

5.4
(1)

5.2
(1)
(1)

0)
0
1
(1)
()

0
1
(1)
()
4.4
(1)

0
(1)
4.8
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

0
0

0

27.7
.5
(1)

9

1

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

(1)

.5
2.7
.4
1.0
(1)

.5
2.6
.4
1.1

.5
2.5
.4
1.1
(1)

(1)

4.4

.8
(1)
(1)

(1)

9

.1

(1)

(1)
(1)
.8

0
(1)

4.1

4.1

See footnotes at end of table.




77

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities>

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

44.1
21.2
3.6
1.9

42.7
20.5
3.6
1.9

42.5
20.1
3.7
1.9

28.7
12.9
1.6
1.1

29.1
12.8
1.6
1.1

29.1
12.9
1.6
1.1

137.1
61.4
9.4
12.0

138.7
60.6
9.4
12.4

138.3
60.5
9.2
12.3

1,127.7
46.7
33.4
74.1
8.7
10.0
147.9
410.3
338.3
23.3
13.4
29.5
133.6
14.9
51.2
23.4
55.0

1,075.4
46.2
31.5
71.3
8.1
9.7
136.3
390.8
320.7
21.8
12.8
28.4
132.6
14.7
49.8
21.7
53.3

1,069.6
46.1
31.7
70.7
8.1
9.8
135.5
387.9
318.3
21.8
12.7
28.5
132.5
14.8
49.6
21.8
52.7

434.6
17.4
4.3
23.5
1.4
1.5
51.6
253.5
226.5
4.3
6.5
4.1
15.3
5.3
19.6
4.5
21.0

428.6
17.0
4.3
23.4
1.5
1.7
51.4
246.9
219.9
4.3
6.6
3.6
15.5
5.3
19.1
4.3
21.1

427.2
17.1
4.3
23.5
1.5
1.7
51.4
246.0
218.9
4.3
6.6
3.6
15.4
5.3
19.0
4.3
21.2

1,678.2
93.5
25.8
115.7
10.3
10.8
287.2
715.7
598.1
21.3
28.6
22.1
105.3
23.2
79.3
27.9
90.0

1,605.3
91.4
24.6
115.2
9.8
10.9
279.5
674.1
560.8
21.1
28.2
21.5
101.9
22.4
77.5
27.5
86.4

1,598.2
91.7
24.5
115.8
9.7
10.5
277.4
672.1
559.2
20.8
27.9
21.6
102.6
22.4
78.0
27.2
86.1

858.0
20.8
152.2
148.2
63.8

839.8
19.7
147.7
144.8
64.2

839.4
19.8
147.4
144.2
64.1

153.8
4.1
51.9
26.5
21.4

153.6
4.0
51.7
25.3
21.5

153.3
4.0
51.9
25.5
21.4

727.0
22.2
154.5
115.3
90.9

712.0
21.5
152.3
112.5
89.3

713.5
21.6
152.6
112.7
89.6

18.6
2.3
6.2
1.6

18.3
2.4
6.0
1.6

18.8
2.4
6.0
1.7

17.4
2.9
4.8
1.7

17.0
2.9
4.8
1.7

17.1
2.9
4.9
1.7

70.5
10.3
22.8
9.7

72.4
10.5
23.4
9.7

72.3
10.4
23.5
9.8

1,121.3
68.3
44.8
149.5
207.6
106.1
102.6
59.5
48.9

1,089.5
66.4
43.0
144.1
200.8
105.4
99.0
58.8
49.1

1,084.9
66.3
43.1
143.8
200.4
105.1
98.5
58.3
48.1

222.4
14.0
5.6
41.8
43.0
31.2
18.5
15.0
7.3

222.5
14.0
5.8
42.5
43.5
31.0
19.0
14.7
7.1

222.0
14.1
5.8
42.4
43.3
31.2
18.9
14.5
7.1

1,182.9
69.7
42.0
190.3
230.1
186.6
102.4
72.5
53.7

1,183.5
69.1
41.9
193.0
228.3
185.0
103.7
71.4
53.2

1,176.4
68.8
41.4
192.9
226.8
185.9
103.0
71.1
53.2

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

164.3
1.6
3.5
45.0
57.4

167.0
1.6
3.5
47.5
56.2

167.0
1.6
3.5
47.4
56.3

68.2
2.0
1.8
21.2
25.9

67.7
2.1
1.8
21.0
26.0

67.3
2.1
1.8
21.1
26.1

276.2
6.0
8.8
103.6
74.6

280.0
6.1
9.2
104.4
75.4

278.8
6.1
9.4
104.2
76.2

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem

219.7
20.3
8.7
104.1
17.0

218.8
19.3
8.0
103.7
19.2

212.9
18.9
8.0
102.6
18.2

64.5
4.5
3.0
37.8
2.9

65.4
4.5
3.0
38.7
2.9

64.5
4.5
2.9
38.5
2.9

318.2
30.7
17.0
166.5
24.1

323.3
29.9
16.7
168.1
24.6

322.7
30.0
17.6
167.9
24.3

1,009.2
74.4
10.9
9.2
36.8
49.8
14.4
57.0
345.6
81.3
119.9

971.0
74.6
11.1
8.6
35.5
48.1
14.6
54.7
326.7
76.4
115.3

965.7
74.3
10.9
8.7
35.4
47.7
14.7
54.3
326.7
76.8
115.4

272.0
14.8
4.9
5.4
4.4
21.4
5.6
7.8
101.4
40.5
55.3

272.3
14.9
4.9
5.0
4.3
21.9
5.4
7.6
100.2
40.2
56.0

274.6
14.9
5.0
5.0
4.3
22.1
5.4
7.8
100.0
40.2
56.0

1,184.6
64.5
14.4
11.7
26.1
69.5
19.0
47.7
509.2
133.6
226.3

1,175.8
64.3
14.3
12.0
25.5
68.1
18.9
47.4
494.9
125.8
223.9

1,178.3
65.0
14.1
12.0
25.3
67.5
18.7
47.2
496.8
125.0
223.8

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.

78



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

Services

State and area
Oct.
1990

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

25.9
13.8

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

26.1
14.0
1.6
2.4

146.3
75.4

1.6
2.3

26.1
13.9
1.6
2.4

766.1
25.5
4.1

753.4
26.1
4.0

2,424.9
119.8
25.4

27.4
1.4
1.7
80.8
543.2
507.7

27.5
1.5
1.6
81.0

749.7
26.3
4.1
27.5
1.5
1.6
80.6
525.0
489.6
2.1
4.8
4.7
23.3
5.2
21.2
7.7
29.3

129.4
610.5
21.6
127.4
106.4
116.7
70.4
12.8
22.4
7.5

13.2
22.2

2.1
5.0
4.7
23.2
5.3
20.7
7.4

527.9
492.4
2.1
4.8
4.8
23.3
5.3

21.2
7.7

29.4

29.3

135.2
2.9
24.1
24.4

135.1
2.9
37.9
23.8
23.8

135.0
2.9
37.7
23.7

12.4
1.5
4.6
1.1

12.7
1.5
4.8
1.1

12.6
1.5
4.8

255.7
10.7
6.7
43.9
58.3
60.7
17.3
12.2
8.2

257.8
10.9

255.9
10.8

6.5
44.1
58.7
61.0
18.0
11.9
8.3

6.5
43.7
58.4
60.7
17.7
11.9
8.2

58.9

58.5
.9

38.2

23.8

7.9
16.3

150.7
78.2
8.3

Oct.
1991P

149.5
77.5
8.3

16.5

16.5
2,377.1

128.8
10.8
11.4
316.8
1,337.3
1,174.8

2,368.8
121.3
25.3
130.2
10.2
11.4
317.5
1,275.4
1,113.0

19.5
24.7
30.0

19.0
24.9
30.6

129.0
28.0
80.8
29.3

130.9
28.0
80.5
29.8

121.3
25.7
130.3
10.3
11.0

Oct.
1991P

151.6
50.7
18.6
24.2

153.2
51.7
17.7
23.9

154.7
51.6
18.4
24.1

1,474.3
116.3
21.8
77.0
7.2

1,399.2
110.0
20.5
72.2
6.8
9.2
176.1

1,441.8
112.0

9.7

21.4
76.5
7.0
9.6
183.8
670.4
590.5

186.5

1,282.1
1,120.3

19.5
24.9
30.7

690.2
606.3
13.2
23.9
25.0

129.1

132.0
28.3
80.8
29.9
128.3

69.7
21.5
54.0
31.7
58.3

23.9
23.7
65.0
20.3
50.1
30.5
53.8

619.6
22.3
132.1
108.9
117.0

625.1
22.3
133.3
109.1
118.3

505.5
13.4
73.9
56.5
97.1

506.7
13.3
76.7
53.7
95.1

516.1
13.9
78.1
54.6
96.2

72.1
13.2

65.4
8.9
15.4
10.0

65.2
9.3

66.5
9.1

15.3
9.8

16.7
9.8

718.1
45.6
19.2

745.8
47.5

94.9

96.0
121.2

71.6

657.7
579.8
12.8

13.5
24.2
23.9
68.8
20.7

52.9
30.1
55.3

7.8

23.1
7.8

1,262.5
74.8
41.8
206.2
268.9

1,254.4
73.6
41.5
204.6
267.6

738.5

187.4
120.3
77.5
48.2

195.6
123.2

194.3
122.6
78.9
48.9

131.2
78.4
45.4
25.1

118.7
126.5
76.2
43.4
23.3

278.3
5.3
6.2
107.4
84.0

279.8
5.3
6.5

264.7
3.9

271.4
4.0

109.5
84.0

279.9
5.5
6.3
109.0
84.1

269.7
4.1

1.7
25.1
17.3

58.2
.9
1.7
24.7
17.5

12.0
103.0

11.2
101.5
38.8

11.6
103.4
40.0

230.0
25.6
9.8
85.6
32.3

220.6
22.9
9.2

235.4
25.8
9.9
88.0
32.5

715.5
31.8
7.5
8.0
14.3

685.8
29.9
6.8
7.6
13.5
66.4
12.3
15.6

1.1

1,222.0

70.1
40.4
198.2
263.3

79.8
50.0

.9
1.7
24.5
17.7

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem

80.0
5.8
2.6
51.5
6.0

84.3
5.7
2.6
53.3
6.0

83.7
5.7
2.6
52.9
6.1

302.4
29.6
12.7
168.8
24.1

311.3
29.8
13.3

313.4
30.0
13.2

174.2
24.8

176.0
24.7

298.7
14.6
2.2

302.8
15.0
2.3
1.6
5.7
22.7
4.6

299.4
14.7
2.2
1.6
5.7
22.7
4.6

1,466.3
77.4
12.3

1,493.8
77.8
12.9

1,497.3

12.8
30.9

13.0
31.4
75.4

7.8
161.1
62.7
56.2

160.4
62.6
56.4

1.6
5.5
21.3
4.7
7.9
160.5
63.7
55.1

Sept.
1991

317.0

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

Oct.
1990

7.8

71.7

21.4
43.7
709.9
271.6

716.9
273.0

314.3

318.4

21.1
44.3

79.1
12.6
13.2
31.7
73.5
21.5
45.1
720.2
278.0
319.5

46.9
19.6

95.3
119.0

39.4

68.9
13.0
17.8
303.8

141.2
108.4

83.4
30.8

291.5
137.0
102.8

19.5
133.0
78.2
45.4
25.1

708.5
31.0
7.5
8.0
14.0
68.0
12.5
17.2
298.4
137.9
107.8

See footnotes at end of table.




79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
(Construction

Mining

Total
State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991*

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

155.6
310.3
45.8
63.1
51.6
183.3

152.5
304.9
43.9
62.2
51.3
181.4

153.9
307.0
44.1
63.5
51.7
183.3

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

452.1
127.3
322.2

435.8
121.2
310.2
1,563.2
217.9
253.8
342.5

1,565.9
217.3
255.0
343.6

294.2
38.8
76.5

299.9
40.6
78.8

302.4
40.3
79.4

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,216.2
203.7
174.1
268.5
481.0
507.3

2,206.3
203.3
173.7
265.8
485.1
509.6

2,200.5
203.9
174.6
265.5
484.7
509.8

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

7,097.5
48.8
78.9
383.9
144.9
66.9
75.2
55.9
136.8
1,384.5
209.3
592.9
76.8
1,618.4
74.0
45.0
69.6
100.0
102.6
44.2
44.3
36.4
523.1
38.5
46.8
62.6
28.5
83.1
50.5

7,126.2
48.6
78.6
381.4
150.3
69.1
78.3
53.4
138.5
1,375.6
211.4
586.8
77.4
1,636.7
74.8
45.4
68.9
98.2
103.4
45.2
45.1
37.1
523.0
37.9
45.8
63.1
29.6
83.1
49.9

7,162.2
48.8
78.1
385.1
151.1
69.2
78.2
57.1
138.5
1,382.7
211.8
586.0
77.5
1,639.2
75.0
45.6
69.2
99.0
104.5
45.3
45.1
37.6
523.6
37.5
46.3
63.3
29.7
83.6
50.1

Sept.
1991

Oct.
19910

0

0)

(1)

438.5
122.0
312.6

1.570.6
212.3
249.3
342.6

Oct.
1990

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

See footnotes at end of table.

80




0

.4
.5

.2
.2
.1

17.9
4.3
13.8

14.7
3.4
11.5

14.7
3.4
11.6

1.9

101.4
16.1
14.6
25.9

94.9
16.1
12.6
25.6

94.3
16.3
12.6
25.7

2.7
.2

13.0
2.4
3.8

13.9
2.8
4.4

13.7
2.8
4.5

5.9
.6

95.2
7.3
6.8
13.5
20.6
24.7

88.4
7.3
6.9
12.0
20.3
24.8

86.7
7.3
6.9
11.9
20.0
24.5

337.3
1.6
3.2
12.2
11.9
8.7
2.2
1.7
12.9
47.6
7.8
22.6
4.3
112.5
2.5
1.3
3.8
3.5
4.5
1.4
2.1
1.1
22.2
1.5
1.4
1.9
1.7
3.0
1.9

346.0
1.6
3.0
12.4
14.5
9.6
2.4
1.9
11.7
46.5
7.6
22.0
4.2
108.9
2.5
1.2
3.8
4.0
4.3
1.5
2.4
1.1
22.5
1.4
1.3
1.9
1.8
3.2
1.7

347.6
1.6
2.9
12.5
15.0
9.6
2.4
1.8
11.8
46.7
7.7
21.9
4.1
109.3
2.4
1.3
4.0
4.0
4.4
1.6
2.3
1.1
22.5
1.3
1.5
1.9
1.8
3.2
1.7

(1)

1.9
(1)
(1)

0
2.5
.2

(1)

2.6
.2

0)

1

()

()
6.2
.6

(1)

6.0
.6
(1)

(1)
1.4

1

7.3
13.7
1.6
2.7
3.2
9.8

.5

.1

.1

(1)
(1)

1

7.5
13.5
1.6
2.8
3.2
9.9

.2
.2
.1

(1)

0

2.1

(1)

Oct.
1991?

.5

0

.2
.2
.1

0)

Sept.
1991

7.6
14.6
1.6
2.9
2.8
10.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0

Oct.
1990

1.3

1.3

()
(1)

()
(1)

(1)
(1)

182.0
1.5
1.1
.7
1.9
2.0
(1)
.6
4.1
17.9
(1)
4.6
.6
69.5
1
()
1.8
3.5
.2
.9
9.0
5.3
.5
1.8
(1)
.1
1.6
1.5
(1)
1.4

177.7
1.4
.9
.7
1.9
1.9
(1)
.5
4.0
17.8
(1)
4.5
.7
71.7
1
()
1.8
3.4
.2
.8
8.8
5.1
.4
1.8
1
()
.1
1.7
1.6
(1)
1.4

176.1
1.5
.9
.7
1.9
1.9
1
()
.5
4.0
17.7
(1)
4.4
.7
70.4

1

(1)

1.8
3.4
.2
.8
8.7
5.1
.3
1.7

0

.1
1.7
1.5

(1)
1.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

Manufacturing
State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991 p

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

46.4
69.0
12.0
8.4
15.1
56.9

44.1
67.2
11.5
8.3
15.1
56.0

44.5
66.6
11.2
8.3
15.1
55.9

6.7
16.9
2.2
1.8
1.7
8.2

6.7
16.8
2.1
1.7
1.8
8.3

6.7
17.0
2.1
1.7
1.8
8.4

34.2
73.7
11.3
12.3
11.7
47.2

33.9
73.1
10.7
12.8
11.3
46.7

34.0
73.3
10.7
12.8
11.4
47.2

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

99.4
46.1
63.2

92.9
43.6
60.0

93.1
44.1
60.0

15.9
3.7
12.1

15.5
3.5
12.1

15.5
3.5
12.1

96.5
32.7
64.6

93.2
30.2
60.6

92.9
29.9
60.5

380.7
21.8
27.3
99.8

368.1
20.6
27.5
96.2

369.7
20.5
27.6
96.3

67.8
10.9
11.8
14.8

67.2
11.6
11.5
15.2

67.1
11.5
11.6
15.3

350.7
52.5
55.9
79.6

352.6
54.5
56.2
81.1

348.8
53.7
55.8
80.8

34.1
4.0
8.8

36.2
3.9
9.8

36.7
3.9
9.8

13.8
1.9
4.9

13.6
1.9
5.1

13.8
1.9
5.0

77.9
11.2
21.7

79.9
12.1
21.2

79.6
12.0
21.8

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

523.4
46.2
53.1
50.1
62.3
89.5

516.5
44.5
52.8
48.7
62.8
87.8

516.2
44.7
52.8
48.8
62.0
88.1

117.8
9.3
6.2
11.5
48.0
26.9

116.5
9.3
6.4
11.5
48.5
26.9

116.0
9.2
6.5
11.5
48.4
26.9

523.5
48.5
40.9
71.2
126.4
124.6

518.9
48.5
39.6
69.6
127.0
126.4

518.7
48.7
39.8
69.5
127.9
126.5

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

990.3
4.5
8.8
49.4
25.4
16.8
11.5
3.5
12.2
220.7
42.6
118.6
8.7
176.4
8.8
1.7
16.2
7.1
14.0
2.3
4.3
5.0
43.1
11.1
7.0
11.3
3.0
15.5
8.4

976.0
4.4
8.9
48.7
26.0
17.0
12.4
3.5
12.4
211.8
41.8
103.8
8.6
177.7
8.6
1.5
16.0
7.1
13.0
2.5
4.6
5.1
43.9
10.6
6.5
11.2
3.2
15.5
8.0

975.9
4.4
9.1
48.8
26.1
17.1
12.1
3.5
12.4
211.9
41.9
103.3
8.5
176.7
8.6
1.5
15.9
6.9
13.1
2.5
4.7
5.1
43.5
10.3
6.5
11.1
3.1
15.5
8.1

426.3
2.8
5.6
11.9
9.6
2.9
3.2
1.3
6.6
83.1
11.0
56.1
5.3
111.1
2.5
6.2
3.5
5.5
3.2
2.4
2.0
2.6
21.9
1.6
2.4
2.8
1.4
3.5
2.7

435.2
2.7
5.6
12.1
9.6
3.1
3.6
1.4
6.6
84.7
10.6
57.7
5.4
113.0
2.5
6.4
3.6
5.3
3.1
2.5
2.2
2.7
22.8
1.6
2.4
2.9
1.4
3.4
2.7

436.8
2.8
5.5
12.3
9.6
3.1
3.5
1.3
6.6
85.1
10.6
58.3
5.4
113.1
2.5
6.5
3.6
5.4
3.1
2.5
2.2
2.7
22.6
1.6
2.4
2.9
1.4
3.4
2.7

1,713.3
12.8
22.9
77.2
33.1
12.6
20.1
11.5
32.2
355.8
52.0
151.3
15.0
372.8
16.2
14.3
16.9
28.9
31.5
10.5
12.7
9.0
131.6
7.9
11.0
16.0
7.6
19.2
11.6

1,717.4
12.7
22.7
76.8
33.7
13.1
21.0
11.2
32.8
355.5
53.2
150.8
15.6
375.4
16.8
14.0
17.0
28.3
32.1
10.8
12.8
9.2
132.0
8.0
11.0
15.8
7.8
19.2
11.5

1,717.3
12.7
22.5
76.8
33.8
13.1
21.1
11.4
32.5
357.2
52.9
150.3
15.3
375.8
16.9
14.0
17.1
28.2
32.6
10.9
12.8
9.5
132.1
8.0
11.0
15.8
7.9
19.2
11.5

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Waco
Wichita Falls
See footnotes at end of table.




81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

8.3
13.8
1.4
1.9
2.3
5.2

8.4
13.4
1.4
2.0
2.4
5.4

8.4
13.4
1.4
1.9
2.5
5.4

34.0
79.1
11.8
11.0
10.9
35.4

34.3
80.6
11.4
11.5
10.7
36.8

34.8
80.8
11.6
11.5
10.7
36.8

18.4
42.6
5.5
24.4
7.1
19.3

17.6
39.7
5.2
23.0
6.8
17.8

18.2
41.6
5.5
24.5
7.0
19.3

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

27.0
3.6
22.6

25.9
3.3
21.7

25.9
3.2
21.6

130.4
25.2
98.3

129.7
25.8
97.8

131.7
26.1
99.5

64.8
11.5
47.5

63.7
11.2
46.4

64.5
11.6
47.2

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

66.5
7.7
17.9
12.0

66.5
8.0
18.7
12.0

65.8
7.9
18.7
12.1

305.8
47.2
54.3
66.6

317.2
50.1
56.7
69.0

317.3
49.9
57.0
69.3

295.6
56.1
67.5
43.9

294.8
57.0
70.6
43.4

301.0
57.5
71.7
44.1

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

16.3
1.5
8.1

16.5
1.5
8.1

16.4
1.4
8.1

72.9
10.3
21.5

75.2
11.1
22.1

74.6
10.7
22.1

63.7
7.3
7.7

62.0
7.1
8.1

64.9
7.4
8.1

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

102.1
13.2
5.2
10.3
25.2
30.6

101.7
13.4
5.2
10.4
25.3
30.5

100.8
13.4
5.2
10.3
25.1
30.4

492.4
42.9
35.9
58.9
121.6
141.1

503.6
43.3
37.0
61.0
124.1
143.4

500.5
43.5
37.4
61.1
123.1
143.3

355.6
35.7
26.0
51.6
76.9
69.9

354.7
36.4
25.8
51.3
77.1
69.8

355.7
36.5
26.0
51.1
78.2
70.1

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

429.3
1.9
4.3
23.4
5.4
1.8
3.4
1.9
6.3
125.0
8.3
27.3
5.1
103.4
3.4
1.8
2.6
5.5
4.0
2.3
1.5
1.5
39.3
2.1
1.8
3.5
1.6
5.3
2.1

428.1
2.0
4.3
23.3
5.5
1.8
3.8
1.8
6.2
122.3
8.1
26.6
5.1
101.4
3.5
1.7
2.6
5.6
3.9
2.2
1.3
1.6
37.5
2.1
1.7
3.4
1.6
5.2
2.1

427.4
2.0
4.2
23.3
5.5
1.8
3.8
1.8
6.2
122.3
8.1
26.6
5.1
100.7
3.4
1.7
2.6
5.7
3.9
2.3
1.2
1.6
37.6
2.1
1.7
3.4
1.6
5.2
2.1

1,723.7
14.5
17.6
98.0
36.1
9.7
17.0
10.7
32.3
372.2
43.5
135.7
15.1
463.2
17.6
8.0
14.2
25.7
17.9
9.3
8.2
9.0
141.5
9.8
11.2
15.9
6.5
23.0
12.7

1,754.8
14.6
18.2
99.6
37.4
10.1
17.9
10.8
34.0
374.6
45.2
142.2
15.4
475.5
17.9
8.4
14.1
24.8
18.4
9.8
8.4
9.4
141.2
9.7
11.4
16.5
6.8
23.0
12.9

1,763.3
14.6
17.9
100.2
37.5
9.9
17.9
10.8
33.9
376.7
44.8
141.6
15.2
476.4
18.0
8.4
14.0
25.1
18.6
9.7
8.5
9.6
141.1
9.7
11.4
16.5
6.8
23.5
12.9

1,295.3
9.2
15.4
111.1
21.5
12.4
17.8
24.7
30.2
162.2
44.1
76.7
22.7
209.5
23.0
9.9
8.9
23.6
26.6
7.0
8.2
7.7
121.7
4.5
11.9
9.6
5.2
13.6
9.7

1,291.0
9.2
15.0
107.8
21.7
12.5
17.2
22.3
30.8
162.4
44.9
79.2
22.4
213.1
23.0
10.4
8.4
22.9
27.8
7.1
8.3
7.6
121.3
4.5
11.4
9.7
5.4
13.6
9.6

1,317.8
9.2
15.1
110.5
21.7
12.7
17.4
26.0
31.1
165.1
45.8
79.6
23.2
216.8
23.2
10.4
8.6
23.5
28.0
7.1
8.3
7.7
122.5
4.5
11.7
10.0
5.6
13.6
9.7

Waco
Wichita Falls
See footnotes at end of table.

82



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1991?

Sept.
1991

8.7

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

736.8
98.0
500.9

757.5
102.0
513.9

760.0
103.1
514.0

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

260.1
34.3
81.1

252.6
34.2
78.2

253.7
34.4
79.1

2,908.3
34.1
73.5
42.0
77.9
589.1
774.8
479.8
129.8

2,869.6
35.1
72.3
41.4
75.5
581.7
757.2
475.8
127.7

2,879.0
35.1
72.8
41.4
75.3
583.2
758.7
477.4
128.6

2,198.9
1,123.0

2,200.3
1,137.8

2,198.3
1,138.7

3.9
.6

3.7
.6

634.1
112.9
112.0
62.2
60.8

632.8
113.1
111.2
62.8
60.4

638.0
113.3
112.0
62.4
60.6

35.5
2.1
1.5
.5
2.3

33.4
2.2
1.6
.5
2.3

2,314.6
164.2
58.9
107.3
60.3
42.7
53.4
225.1
759.3
77.3
52.0
52.8

2,322.9
166.7
60.0
110.8
58.5
44.2
52.0
227.6
763.7
111
54.9
54.6

2,330.0
167.3
61.0
111.3
58.4
44.3
53.7
229.3
766.8
76.9
54.2
54.8

Wyoming
Casper

202.8
29.3

208.9
29.4

204.6
29.4

Puerto Rico

837.2
54.0
57.7
55.3
518.4

837.6
54.3
57.4
55.4
516.5

842.9
55.2
57.3
55.2
519.6

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
Washington
Seattle
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Caguas
Mayaguez

Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands

,

43.0

40.9

41.1

8.7
(1)
2.9

15.6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

14.6
(1)
(1)
(1)

0
(1)

0

18.6
2.6

12.9
2.1
3.6

14.5

180.9
1.3
4.2
2.1
3.8
34.6
50.5
31.3
7.9

163.7
1.3
3.9
2.1
3.6
32.8
42.5
29.3
7.4

162.5
1.3
3.8
2.0
3.5
33.0
41.8
29.5
7.1

3.7
.6

127.9
63.8

123.2
66.2

120.6
65.4

33.3
2.2
1.6
.5
2.2

28.9
5.3
5.0
3.0
2.2

30.6
5.2
5.4
3.0
2.0

30.1
5.3
5.3
2.9
2.0

2.4

84.8
8.4
2.4
5.5
1.4
1.8
1.6
8.7
26.6
2.5
1.6
2.2

86.2
8.5
3.2
6.3
1.2
2.0
1.3
8.8
26.5
2.1
1.8
2.8

86.3
8.5
3.2
6.3
1.2
1.9
1.2
8.7
26.6
2.2
1.9
2.8

19.1
2.6

11.9
1.7

13.4
2.0

12.3
1.9

.9

45.3
1.4
2.2
3.9
31.7

46.8
1.6
2.2
3.4
34.2

46.6
1.5
2.2
3.3
34.1

4.2

3.1

3.0

(1)

0
(1)
(1)
(1)

.9
(1)
(1)
(1)

.6

.5
1

()

.5
.6

0
1
(1)
(1)
()
0
(1)
O
0
<1)
(1)

19.1
2.7

1.0

()

13.1
2.1
3.7

(1)

0
(1)
(1)
0
V)
0
(1)
0

(1)
(1)
(1)

16.0
2.1
4.8

0

(1)
(1)
(1)

0
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()
0

.5

2.4

2.6

1

.5
.6

()

(1)
(1)

33.2
4.8
23.6

0
(1)

1

Oct.
1991P

33.9
4.8
23.6

3.0

.5
(1)
(1)

Sept.
1991

30.0
3.2
20.9

3.0

.6

.6
.7

8.7
(1)

0

(1)
(1)

0

Oct.
1990

0
(1)
(1)
1

()

.5

See footnotes at end of table.




83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

109.2
14.4
69.3

108.4
14.2
69.4

107.8
14.2
68.7

42.8
2.4
33.2

43.3
2.4
33.8

43.3
2.4
33.7

175.9
23.6
123.0

180.4
23.6
125.8

180.3
23.7
125.5

45.6
4.6
15.5

44.0
4.4
14.7

43.9
4.4
14.6

11.1
.9
3.5

10.9
1.0
3.3

10.8
.9
3.2

60.5
7.3
19.5

57.7
7.1
19.4

58.0
7.1
19.7

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

420.7
10.0
8.8
16.0
23.7
66.9
35.4
64.8
19.8

415.8
10.9
8.5
15.6
22.9
65.6
32.8
63.8
19.0

416.0
10.7
8.2
15.6
22.9
65.9
32.7
64.2
18.9

149.9
1.5
2.6
1.1
2.9
28.1
51.6
24.2
8.3

148.3
1.6
2.6
1.2
2.8
27.9
48.8
23.7
8.3

148.4
1.6
2.6
1.2
2.8
28.1
48.5
23.9
8.3

658.8
8.9
15.2
8.7
16.8
142.4
173.6
108.4
36.3

642.1
8.7
14.9
8.5
15.9
138.4
170.5
107.3
35.0

643.1
8.7
14.8
8.5
16.0
139.2
170.9
107.0
35.8

Washington
Seattle

372.7
222.6

370.0
222.9

366.7
222.0

115.9
69.8

116.1
70.2

114.7
69.9

528.4
264.7

524.0
267.1

518.7
264.9

86.4
10.6
20.5
14.5
7.4

83.8
10.9
19.4
14.1
7.2

83.8
10.8
19.5
14.0
7.3

37.5
9.2
8.1
2.4
3.4

37.3
9.2
7.6
2.5
3.3

37.2
9.2
7.6
2.4
3.2

147.8
29.7
28.4
15.0
16.2

145.6
29.3
28.6
15.3
16.2

145.3
29.2
28.5
15.3
16.0

Wausau

564.2
53.8
10.7
23.8
19.2
10.0
10.6
26.4
173.5
26.2
21.9
15.2

559.1
54.3
10.6
24.0
17.2
9.7
9.5
26.6
171.5
25.4
23.2
15.0

552.7
53.5
10.9
23.8
17.1
9.7
10.5
26.5
171.6
24.6
23.0
14.9

109.5
6.5
3.2
7.8
2.5
1.4
2.5
8.6
37.8
2.3
1.7
3.2

111.6
6.5
3.3
8.3
2.1
1.4
2.5
8.9
38.3
2.3
1.6
3.3

111.8
6.7
3.2
8.1
2.1
1.5
2.5
9.0
38.6
2.4
1.6
3.3

544.8
36.0
15.6
27.4
14.6
11.6
14.3
51.1
172.0
17.9
10.0
12.5

541.4
36.2
16.0
27.2
14.8
12.5
14.4
51.1
172.1
18.4
10.0
12.9

541.1
36.3
16.1
27.3
14.8
12.6
14.5
51.9
171.9
18.2
9.8
12.9

Wyoming
Casper

10.3
1.8

10.1
1.7

10.3
1.8

14.6
1.8

14.5
1.8

14.5
1.7

45.4
8.0

46.9
8.0

45.7
8.1

153.7
15.3
19.1
10.3
65.6

151.7
16.0
17.7
10.3
63.5

151.5
16.2
17.1
10.2
63.7

21.4
.5
.5
1.4
17.1

19.3
.6
.6
1.3
16.1

19.2
.6
.6
1.2
16.1

156.5
11.4
8.5
8.6
107.0

152.9
10.9
8.5
8.6
104.9

154.4
11.1
8.8
8.8
105.4

2.5

2.6

2.6

2.4

2.4

2.3

9.3

8.9

9.0

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez

Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.

84



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

State and area

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

157.1

70.2
8.4

70.5
8.6
21.3

45.2
8.5
12.9

45.1
8.7
12.5

46.1
8.8
13.1

756.0
5.6

588.4
6.1
24.5
5.6

111.4
33.2

586.6
5.8
24.5
5.6
10.0
138.4
148.9
98.6
15.8

576.3
5.8
23.7
5.5
9.8

155.3
265.8
114.4
34.0

15.5
7.1
16.8
154.2
265.9
112.8
34.3

135.6
147.0
97.3
15.5

136.8
149.2
100.5
15.8

117.9
75.3

525.5
278.1

538.4
286.7

534.0
286.9

406.2
148.8

406.4
148.4

422.0
153.7

24.8
6.5
3.9
2.3
3.1

24.7
6.5
3.9
2.2
3.1

149.0
29.6
25.2
15.0
17.1

154.5
30.4
25.9
15.4
17.4

155.4
30.4
26.0
15.3
17.5

124.4
19.9
19.4
9.6
9.2

122.8
19.4
18.8
9.7
8.9

128.2
19.7
19.6
9.8
9.3

120.4
7.9
1.8
5.8
1.7
1.4
1.6
19.3
50.5
2.2
2.2
3.6

122.8
8.2
1.8
6.7
1.6
1.4
1.6
19.6
51.2
2.3
2.1
4.0

122.3
8.2
1.8
6.8
1.5
1.4
1.6
19.5
50.9
2.3
2.1
3.9

537.9
33.5

557.4
35.5
13.7
25.9
14.5
10.6
15.5
50.7
218 2
18.3

350.5
18.2

343.1

355.9

17.4
11.5

18.6
12.1
13.1
7.3
6.6
7.9

9.7

556.4
35.6
13.7
25.8
14.7
10.4
15.3
50.8
217.0
18.6
10.4
10.0

7.2
1.4

7.3
1.4

7.3
1.3

37.9
6.9

36.8
1.3
1.5
1.8
29.3

36.0
1.3
1.4
1.8
28.8

36.1
1.2
1.4
1.7
28.8

2.1

2.0

2.0

184.1
37.4
124.0

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

11.9
2.6
4.1

11.1
2.5
3.7

11.0
2.5
3.6

69.2

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

152.7
1.1
3.6

150.8
1.1
3.5

150.1
1.1
3.4

743.1
5.5

1.4
3.4
26.9
50.4
40.4

1.4
3.4
26.1
39.4

1.4
3.4
26.0
49.2
38.9

8.5

8.5

8.4

Washington
Seattle

118.4
74.6

118.5
75.7

24.6
6.5
3.9
2.2
3.0

Virgin Islands
Combined with construction.
Not available.
= preliminary.




Oct.
1991P

152.8
15.6
99.2

35.7
2.5
30.1

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

Sept.

152.1
14.7
99.5

36.0
2.4
30.1

Wyoming
Casper

Oct.
1990

193.9
39.5
128.6

34.0
2.3
28.1

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Oct.
1991P

194.0
39.0
129.0

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

Sept.
1991

49.3

8.3
20.8

14.6
7.1
17.3
151.8

263.8

13.2
25.3

13.5
9.9

20.9
758.0
5.7
15.2

7.1
17.1

11.9

11.7
7.5
6.6
7.7
61.6

12.6
7.0

16.0
100.8

9.9

9.9
10.2

87.8
8.5
5.4
6.3

6.8
7.4
61.8
86.9
8.7
5.7
6.6

41.9
6.7

38.3
6.8

56.9
5.1

55.7
5.1

57.1
5.2

134.3
7.7
7.4
11.9
94.8

137.8
8.0
8.2
12.3

139.3
8.4
8.3

12.4
97.0

292.0
16.1
18.8
17.7

294.9
16.2
18.9
17.6

96.2

288.2
16.3
18.5
17.4
172.2

172.4

174.0

9.0

8.5

8.7

13.5

13.4

13.5

15.1
49.4
211.1
17.7
9.3

63.0
89.0
8.8
5.7
6.8

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1990 benchmarks.

85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

Construction

Mining

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8
34.8
34.7
34.6

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76
8.98
9.28
9.66

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85
312.50
322.02
334.24

1990

34.5

10.02

345.69

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2
42.4
42.3
43.0

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.46
12.54
12.80
13.26

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
525.81
531.70
541.44
570.18

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4
37.8
37.9
37.9

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.48
12.71
13.08
13.54

367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.46
466.75
480.44
495.73
513.17

44.1

13.69

603.73

38.2

13.78

526.40

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1990:
November..
December..
1991:
January
February ....
March
April
May
June
July
August
September.
October ....
November"

34.3
34.7

$10.16
10.19

$348.49
353.59

45.0
45.5

$13.82
13.88

$621.90
631.54

38.2
38.3

$13.87
13.92

$529.83
533.14

33.7
33.9
34.0
34.0
34.2
34.7
34.5
34.7
34.7
34.4
34.3

10.22
10.23
10.24
10.30
10.31
10.31
10.30
10.31
10.46
10.44
10.46

344.41
346.80
348.16
350.20
352.60
357.76
355.35
357.76
362.96
359.14
368.78

44.4
44.4
44.0
43.9
44.3
45.0
43.6
44.5
44.8
44.7
44.4

14.20
14.10
14.09
14.12
14.10
14.24
14.20
14.16
14.35
14.12
14.20

630.48
626.04
619.96
619.87
624.63
640.80
619.12
630.12
642.88
631.16
630.48

36.2
37.0
37.2
37.8
38.2
38.7
38.6
38.7
39.0
39.1
37.6

14.02
13.93
13.93
13.99
13.96
13.88
13.97
14.03
14.15
14.14
13.95

507.52
515.41
518.20
528.82
533.27
537.16
539.24
542.96
551.85
552.87
524.52

See footnotes at end of table.




87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing
Year and
month

Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2

3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7
41.0
41.1
41.0

7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.54
9.73
9.91
10.19
10.48

7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.34
9.48
9.73
10.02

1990

40.8

10.83

10.37

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Wholesale trade

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.60
2.73
2.87
3.04
3.23

$102.56
106.08
111.11
115.66
121.90
129.85

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.4
39.4
39.2
38.8
38.6
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.43
3.64
3.85
4.07
4.38
4.72
5.02
5.39
5.88
6.39

136.86
143.42
151.69
159.54
169.94
182.19
194.27
209.13
228.14
247.93

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01
406.31
418.81
429.68

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.2
38.8
38.9

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70
12.03
12.26
12.60

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64
471.58
475.69
490.14

38.4
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.1
38.1
38.0

6.95
7.55
8.08
8.54
8.88
9.15
9.34
9.59
9.98
10.39

266.88
290.68
309.46
328.79
341.88
351.36
357.72
365.38
380.24
394.82

441.86

38.9

12.96

504.14

38.1

10.79

411.10

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1990:
November.
December.
1991:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October ...
November

40.8
41.3

$10.96
11.05

$10.48
10.57

$447.17
456.37

38.8
39.1

$13.09
13.14

$507.89
513.77

38.0
38.4

$10.93
11.04

$415.34
423.94

40.2
39.9
40.1
40.1
40.3
40.9
40.4
40.9
41.4
41.1
41.2

11.05
11.02
11.06
11.11
11.15
11.19
11.22
11.17
11.27
11.25
11.30

10.62
10.61
10.64
10.69
10.72
10.71
10.74
10.67
10.73
10.74
10.78

444.21
439.70
443.51
445.51
449.35
457.67
453.29
456.85
466.58
462.38
465.56

38.2
38.3
38.3
38.4
38.6
39.1
38.9
38.9
39.1
38.8
38.6

13.18
13.17
13.15
13.19
13.17
13.16
13.25
13.26
13.32
13.29
13.34

503.48
504.41
503.65
506.50
508.36
514.56
515.43
515.81
520.81
515.65
514.92

37.7
37.7
37.9
37.9
38.1
38.5
38.1
38.2
38.4
38.2
38.1

11.04
11.08
11.06
11.12
11.11
11.19
11.14
11.14
11.24
11.18
11.25

416.21
417.72
419.17
421.45
423.29
430.82
424.43
425.55
431.62
427.08
428.63

See footnotes at end of table.

88



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

Services
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.3
35.9
35.8

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.36
8.73
9.06
9.53

209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.30
316.90
325.25
341.17

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.6
32.6

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.18
8.49
8.88
9.38

190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.75
265.85
275.93
289.49
305.79

35.8

9.97

356.93

32.6

9.83

320.46

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964..
1965..
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969..

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

1970..
1971 ..
1972..
1973..
1974..
1975..
1976..
1977..
1978..
1979..

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

1980..
1981 ..
1982..
1983..
1984..
1985..
1986..
1987..
1988..
1989..

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2
29.2
29.1
28.9

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03
6.12
6.31
6.53

147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
176.08
178.70
183.62
188.72

1990..

28.8

6.76

194.69

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1990:
November.
December.
1991:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October* ...
November*

28.4
29.2

$6.86
6.84

$194.82
199.73

35.6
36.2

$10.12
10.24

$360.27
370.69

32.4
32.7

$10.02
10.11

$324.65
330.60

27.6
28.0
28.1
28.3
28.6
29.2
29.3
29.3
28.8
28.5
28.5

6.90
6.89
6.91
6.98
6.97
6.98
6.98
6.97
7.07
7.07
7.12

190.44
192.92
194.17
197.53
199.34
203.82
204.51
204.22
203.62
201.50
202.92

35.7
35.8
35.6
35.6
35.5
36.2
35.6
35.7
36.1
35.5
35.6

10.24
10.30
10.33
10.36
10.36
10.42
10.36
10.37
10.53
10.48
10.53

365.57
368.74
367.75
368.82
367.78
377.20
368.82
370.21
380.13
372.04
374.87

32.1
32.3
32.3
32.3
32.3
32.8
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.4
32.4

10.12
10.14
10.16
10.19
10.21
10.19
10.13
10.15
10.33
10.33
10.39

324.85
327.52
328.17
329.14
329.78
334.23
330.24
331.91
336.76
334.69
336.64

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.




p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1990 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1990 forward are subject to revision.

89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Average overtime hours
Nov.
1991P

34.3

Mining

34.3

34.7

34.4

45.0

44.8

44.7

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

34.3

44.6

Total private

Oct.
1990

44.4

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

42.3
44.5
45.3

42.3
42.7
45.1

43.5
41.9
45.3

43.3
43.5
44.9

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

44.8
44.8

44.1
44.0

45.4
45.5

44.7
44.8

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13
131

138

44.7
41.3
46.6

45.6
44.1
46.4

44.4
42.9
45.4

44.5
41.0
46.7

14
142

45.4
45.8

45.3
45.9

46.0
46.4

46.0
46.5

38.0

38.2

39.0

39.1

15
152
153
154

37.3
36.2
37.2
38.4

37.6
36.6
36.6
38.5

38.1
36.8
38.5
39.4

38.3
37.1
38.5
39.5

16
161
162

41.2
41.8
40.8

41.9
42.7
41.5

43.8
44.7
43.2

43.9
45.3
43.2

17
171
172
173

37.4
38.6
36.2
39.4
35.3
35.1
33.9

37.4
38.0
36.5
38.7
35.4
35.6
35.1

38.0
38.9
36.7
39.3
35.8
35.5
35.9

38.1
38.8
37.6
39.2
35.7
35.2
36.2

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

174
175
176

40.9

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254

90




»....

2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451

249

259

40.8

41.4

41.1

41.2

3.8

3.8

4.2

3.9

4.0

41.4

Manufacturing

See footnotes at end of table.

37.6

41.3

41.8

41.6

41.6

3.8

3.7

4.1

3.9

3.9

40.2
41.4
41.1
41.5
39.6
39.4
39.2
38.7
40.8
40.9
39.6
38.8
38.6
40.3

39.4
38.9
40.2
40.6
38.8
39.2
38.7
39.0
39.5
41.4
39.5
37.8
37.4
39.9

40.9
42.5
41.8
42.1
40.8
40.4
40.0
39.5
41.1
42.5
39.7
38.4
38.3
40.6

40.4
40.7
41.7
42.1
40.3
40.1
39.6
39.4
41.6
41.6
39.1
37.6
37.6
40.3

40.3

3.4
5.4
4.1
4.4
2.7
2.6
2.2
2.3
3.4
3.7
3.3
2.1
2.1
3.1

3.2
4.3
3.7
4.1
2.3
2.5
2.0
2.5
3.1
3.9
3.0
2.2
2.0
3.1

3.7
5.2
4.5
4.6
4.0
3.0
2.6
2.6
3.9
4.3
3.3
2.3
2.1
3.4

3.5
4.9
4.3
4.6
3.2
3.0
2.5
2.6
4.3
3.9
2.7
2.1
1.9
3.4

39.2
38.3
38.8
37.2
40.6
37.8
40.8
40.5
41.2
39.0

38.9
37.9
38.4
36.9
39.9
37.4
39.6
41.4
40.9
40.0

39.9
39.2
39.6
37.8
41.1
40.9
38.7
43.1
42.5
39.7

39.5
38.9
39.6
38.0
40.4
37.8
38.3
42.5
41.4
39.3

39.0

2.6
2.2
2.4
1.8
2.9
1.8
2.9
3.5
3.7
2.2

2.3
1.7
2.0
1.3
2.6
1.4
3.0
3.5
3.5
2.8

3.2
2.6
2.8
2.1
3.2
3.3
2.6
5.8
4.9
3.2

2.9
2.5
2.7
2.1
2.7
2.1
2.6
4.9
3.8
2.8

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

$10.14 $10.16 $10.46 $10.44 $10.46 $347.80 $348.49 $362.96 $359.14 $358.78

Total private

13.73

Mining

13.82

14.35

14.12

14.20 612.36

621.90

642.88

631.16

630.48

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

14.41
15.26
12.89

14.32
15.35
12.93

15.04
15.92
13.62

14.95
15.96
13.50

609.54
679.07
583.92

605.74
655.45
583.14

654.24
667.05
616.99

647.34
694.26
606.15

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

16.77
16.91

16.87
17.03

17.15
17.29

16.92
17.05

751.30
757.57

743.97
749.32

778.61
786.70

756.32
763.84

Oil and gas extraction

13
131
138

12.93
16.27
11.28

13.09
16.44
11.35

13.74
16.89
11.84

13.46
16.62
11.67

577.97
671.95
525.65

596.90
725.00
526.64

610.06
724.58
537.54

598.97
681.42
544.99

14
142

11.72
11.30

11.74
11.25

12.07
11.51

11.99
11.33

532.09
517.54

531.82
516.38

555.22
534.06

551.54
526.85

13.97

13.87

14.15

14.14

13.95 530.86

529.83

551.85

552.87

15
152
153
154

13.21
12.30
13.39
14.01

13.12
12.18
13.35
13.94

13.39
12.32
14.34
14.33

13.37
12.31
14.54
14.29

492.73
445.26
498.11
537.98

493.31
445.79
488.61
536.69

510.16
453.38
552.09
564.60

512.07
456.70
559.79
564.46

16
161
162

13.66
13.48
13.76

13.50
13.28
13.60

14.12
14.02
14.18

14.15
13.90
14.29

562.79
563.46
561.41

565.65
567.06
564.40

618.46
626.69
612.58

621.19
629.67
617.33

17

14.35
14.64
12.97
15.28
14.48
14.00
12.40

14.28
14.51
12.84
15.25
14.34
14.06
12.37

14.44
14.81
13.17
15.38
14.57
14.61
12.36

14.43
14.79
13.24
15.37
14.48
14.63
12.26

536.69
565.10
469.51
602.03
511.14
491.40
420.36

534.07
551.38
468.66
590.18
507.64
500.54
434.19

548.72
576.11
483.34
604.43
521.61
518.66
443.72

549.78
573.85
497.82
602.50
516.94
514.98
443.81

10.94

10.96

11.27

11.25,

11.30 447.45

447.17

466.58

462.38

465.56

11.50

11.47

11.89

11.87

11.89 476.10

473.71

497.00

493.79

494.62

9.14
11.37
9.23
9.58
7.58
9.06
9.36
8.52
7.79
10.31
6.68
8.70
8.78
8.31

9.11
11.11
9.21
9.56
7.59
9.14
9.43
8.64
7.73
10.31
6.65
8.73
8.76
8.40

9.41
11.34
9.53
9.88
8.02
9.38
9.66
8.91
7.95
10.59
6.80
9.10
9.15
8.64

9.37
11.39
9.49
9.85
7.90
9.32
9.57
8.90
8.04
10.44
6.74
9.13
9.17
8.63

9.36 367.43
470.72
379.35
397.57
300.17
356.96
366.91
329.72
317.83
421.68
264.53
337.56
338.91
334.89

358.93
432.18
370.24
388.14
294.49
358.29
364.94
336.96
305.34
426.83
262.68
329.99
327.62
335.16

384.87
481.95
398.35
415.95
327.22
378.95
386.40
351.95
326.75
450.08
269.96
349.44
350.45
350.78

378.55
463.57
395.73
414.69
318.37
373.73
378.97
350.66
334.46
434.30
263.53
343.29
344.79
347.79

377.21

8.61
7.95
7.46
8.72
8.08
8.12
9.73
9.19
9.79
8.98

8.63
7.96
7.45
8.70
8.15
8.23
9.75
9.24
9.84
9.05

8.88
8.25
7.72
8.98
8.42
8.54
9.57
9.67
10.14
9.37

8.85
8.22
7.68
8.98
8.35
8.49
9.60
9.56
10.16
9.32

8.84 337.51

335.71
301.68
286.08
321.03
325.19
307.80
386.10
382.54
402.46
362.00

354.31
323.40
305.71
339.44
346.06
349.29
370.36
416.78
430.95
371.99

349.58
319.76
304.13
341.24
337.34
320.92
367.68
406.30
420.62
366.28

344.76

Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

171

172
173
174
175

176

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251
2511
2512
2514

2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245

2451
249

2515
252
253
254

259

304.49
289.45
324.38
328.05
306.94
396.98
372.20
403.35
350.22

524.52

See footnotes at end of table.




91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Average overtime hours
Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

41.9
44.2
41.8
42.2
41.3
40.9
42.1
40.0
40.2
42.9
44.2
43.1
42.1
41.7
40.8
40.1

42.1
44.3
42.0
42.3
41.7
41.0
42.9
40.3
40.3
43.1
43.3
42.8
42.9
41.7
41.6
39.0

42.6
44.7
42.4
42.1
42.7
41.8
41.7
39.7
40.5
44.2
43.9
43.5
44.1
41.9
42.5
39.7

42.4
44.6
42.4
42.0
42.7
41.1
40.7
39.7
40.8
44.0
44.1
43.4
43.9
41.9
41.5
40.6

41.8

4.9
5.8
4.5
5.6
3.4
3.3
3.9
3.0
3.1
6.3
6.6
5.9
6.2
4.9
3.9
2.7

4.8
5.9
4.5
5.4
3.5
3.0
4.3
3.0
3.0
6.1
6.2
5.6
6.4
4.8
3.6
1.9

5.3
6.5
4.7
5.5
3.9
4.0
3.6
3.1
3.3
7.2
6.6
6.2
7.7
5.0
4.3
4.6

5.2
6.4
4.6
5.4
3.9
3.4
3.0
2.9
3.4
7.0
6.9
6.0
7.7
4.8
3.8
4.8

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

42.8
43.5
43.8
44.2
42.4
42.7
43.3
41.5
43.1
42.9
42.7
41.5
45.2
41.8
41.0
41.2

42.9
43.9
44.5
43.2
41.9
41.7
43.2
41.5
43.9
43.5
42.7
41.1
44.9
41.9
40.9
41.5

43.1
44.0
44.5
42.9
42.7
43.4
44.4
40.6
43.5
43.5
43.3
41.9
45.9
42.5
41.0
41.2

42.7
43.4
43.7
42.5
42.1
42.5
43.6
40.6
43.6
43.6
42.7
41.8
45.5
42.0
41.0
41.7

42.7
43.3

5.1
5.9
6.1
5.8
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.7
4.8
5.1
5.6
5.4
8.9
4.7
3.2
3.4

5.1
5.8
6.2
4.5
4.6
4.4
5.6
4.6
5.5
5.8
5.5
5.1
8.6
4.6
3.2
3.6

5.1
5.5
5.7
4.9
4.7
5.1
6.2
3.2
5.2
5.6
6.2
6.5
8.8
5.2
3.2
3.3

5.0
5.4
5.7
4.5
4.4
4.8
5.4
3.5
5.2
5.7
5.6
5.4
8.3
5.0
3.5
3.7

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

41.4
42.7
43.2
40.6
39.9
40.4
40.1
38.3
41.3
40.9
41.8
39.2
42.4
40.4
39.3
42.3
40.6
44.1
42.5
42.2
43.2
41.5
41.2
40.6
42.2
40.8
41.3
41.4
42.8
40.7

41.3
43.1
43.6
40.7
39.8
40.5
40.2
39.0
41.3
41.1
41.8
39.7
42.6
40.5
39.8
41.8
40.3
43.3
41.3
42.2
40.9
41.2
41.1
40.5
42.1
40.6
41.2
41.5
44.2
40.3

42.0
44.3
44.8
42.1
41.8
41.7
42.1
42.9
41.3
41.1
41.4
40.0
42.6
40.5
39.9
42.3
40.9
43.7
42.8
40.1
44.3
41.6
41.6
40.7
43.0
41.5
41.2
42.0
42.1
41.5

41.8
43.1
43.6
41.9
41.6
41.6
42.0
41.8
40.9
41.1
41.7
39.9
42.5
40.3
39.8
42.5
41.6
43.4
42.7
40.6
43.9
41.8
41.3
40.8
42.1
41.1
40.3
41.9
42.6
40.9

41.7

3.8
5.2
5.3
2.8
2.6
2.7
2.8
1.9
3.4
3.5
4.1
2.3
4.4
3.2
2.7
4.8
3.4
6.2
4.2
4.1
4.7
3.6
4.0
3.3
5.3
3.7
3.2
3.7
4.1
3.2

3.6
5.1
5.3
2.9
2.6
2.6
2.9
2.5
3.4
3.6
4.1
2.2
4.3
3.4
3.0
4.4
3.2
5.7
3.4
3.8
3.2
3.3
3.9
3.3
4.9
3.9
3.7
3.6
4.6
3.4

4.2
6.0
6.1
4.0
3.8
3.9
4.4
4.3
4.3
3.7
4.0
2.9
4.5
3.4
3.4
4.8
3.5
6.1
4.7
3.1
5.6
4.0
4.2
3.3
5.7
3.8
3.3
3.9
3.5
3.5

4.0
4.9
5.0
3.8
3.8
3.5
4.1
3.8
4.0
3.6
4.1
2.4
4.3
3.2
3.0
4.6
3.7
5.6
4.5
3.3
5.3
3.8
4.0
3.5
4.8
3.4
2.8
3.8
3.9
3.3

See footnotes at end of table.

92



Nov.
1991P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

$472.36
685.32
525.42
561.32
488.31
406.72
612.61
388.09
384.06
467.64
410.48
419.01
504.50
488.31
434.30
432.51

$487.34
720.12
542.30
571.30
514.96
404.21
596.73
387.87
398.93
491.50
451.73
430.22
529.64
497.35
433.50
466.08

$484.21 $478.61
718.06
541.45
569.10
514.11
396.20
577.13
386.68
404.33
488.84
460.85
430.96
524.61
495.26
422.89
476.24

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

13.08
15.04
15.83
11.99
11.73
12.23
12.55
11.11
14.58
14.67
12.42
11.64
15.31
12.25
10.32
9.92

13.13
15.09
15.85
11.99
11.62
12.11
12.33
11.08
14.73
14.76
12.50
11.65
15.48
12.17
10.38
10.14

13.51
15.55
16.42
12.27
12.11
12.59
12.89
11.26
14.59
14.90
12.91
12.29
15.53
12.86
10.66
10.31

13.48
15.58
16.48
12.27
12.02
12.44
12.53
11.44
14.76
15.15
12.83
12.11
15.48
12.79
10.68
10.31

13.52 559.82
15.62 654.24
693.35
529.96
497.35
522.22
543.42
461.07
628.40
629.34
530.33
483.06
692.01
512.05
423.12
408.70

563.28
662.45
705.33
517.97
486.88
504.99
532.66
459.82
646.65
642.06
533.75
478.82
695.05
509.92
424.54
420.81

582.28
684.20
730.69
526.38
517.10
546.41
572.32
457.16
634.67
648.15
559.00
514.95
712.83
546.55
437.06
424.77

575.60
676.17
720.18
521.48
506.04
528.70
546.31
464.46
643.54
660.54
547.84
506.20
704.34
537.18
437.88
429.93

577.30
676.35

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

10.95
14.15
14.91
10.83
10.06
11.07
9.90
9.55
9.74
10.25
10.33
8.61
11.12
10.61
9.94
10.88
10.11
11.62
12.94
12.99
14.56
10.37
9.11
9.02
9.26
12.04
11.82
10.29
10.49
8.95

10.95
14.28
15.04
10.73
10.14
10.81
9.88
9.60
9.75
10.33
10.35
8.63
11.23
10.68
10.04
10.87
10.10
11.60
12.80
12.84
14.45
10.39
9.09
9.00
9.25
12.16
11.93
10.35
10.56
9.04

11.33
14.60
15.46
11.35
10.43
11.69
10.09
9.49
10.17
10.55
10.61
8.67
11.56
10.99
10.19
11.24
10.35
12.10
13.51
13.31
15.44
10.66
9.39
9.27
9.58
12.44
12.32
10.56
10.99
9.22

11.31
14.47
15.30
11.40
10.42
11.70
10.09
9.52
10.16
10.59
10.66
8.73
11.57
11.00
10.06
11.24
10.35
12.13
13.42
13.28
15.33
10.63
9.36
9.32
9.41
12.36
12.27
10.57
11.19
9.27

11.33 453.33
604.21
644.11
439.70
401.39
447.23
396.99
365.77
402.26
419.23
431.79
337.51
471.49
428.64
390.64
460.22
410.47
512.44
549.95
548.18
628.99
430.36
375.33
366.21
390.77
491.23
488.17
426.01
448.97
364.27

452.24
615.47
655.74
436.71
403.57
437.81
397.18
374.40
402.68
424.56
432.63
342.61
478.40
432.54
399.59
454.37
407.03
502.28
528.64
541.85
591.01
428.07
373.60
364.50
389.43
493.70
491.52
429.53
466.75
364.31

475.86
646.78
692.61
477.84
435.97
487.47
424.79
407.12
420.02
433.61
439.25
346.80
492.46
445.10
406.58
475.45
423.32
528.77
578.23
533.73
683.99
443.46
390.62
377.29
411.94
516.26
507.58
443.52
462.68
382.63

472.76
623.66
667.08
477.66
433.47
486.72
423.78
397.94
415.54
435.25
444.52
348.33
491.73
443.30
400.39
477.70
430.56
526.44
573.03
539.17
672.99
444.33
386.57
380.26
396.16
508.00
494.48
442.88
476.69
379.14

472.46

$11.18 $11.22 $11.44 $11.42 $11.45 $468.44
16.11
16.10
15.47
14.84
655.93
12.79
12.77
12.51
12.50
522.50
13.57
13.55
13.27
13.27
559.99
12.06
12.04
11.71
483.62
11.71
9.67
9.64
400.41
9.92
9.79
14.31
14.18
583.51
14.28
13.86
9.74
9.77
385.60
9.63
9.64
9.85
385.92
9.91
9.53
9.60
11.12
467.18
11.11
10.85
10.89
10.29
432.28
10.45
9.48
9.78
9.89
426.26
9.93
9.79
9.89
12.01
493.83
11.95
11.76
11.73
11.87
487.06
11.82
11.71
11.68
10.20
10.19
10.44
430.03
10.54
11.74
11.73
433.88
11.09
10.82

See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes

Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
See footnotes at end of table.

94



1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

42.0
42.3
44.7
41.4
41.0
40.9
43.0
42.0
41.9
47.6
41.9
40.8
42.8
41.5
42.7
43.7
41.2
42.3
41.3
42.2
36.9
41.2
41.9
41.2
43.7
44.6
39.6
41.2
41.4
42.1
41.6

42.0
42.6
46.6
41.0
40.7
40.6
43.0
41.6
41.9
48.3
41.7
40.7
42.5
41.7
44.1
43.1
41.7
42.5
41.8
41.8
38.6
42.3
42.3
41.9
43.9
44.7
40.6
42.1
41.6
42.2
42.1

42.3
44.3
45.7
43.6
40.6
40.2
43.1
43.1
40.5
46.0
42.5
40.1
42.1
42.2
41.2
42.6
41.7
41.8
42.1
42.3
38.4
41.8
42.0
42.0
43.0
43.1
40.9
41.6
41.3
42.5
42.0

41.8
44.1
46.0
43.2
39.5
39.0
42.5
41.7
40.8
46.3
41.8
39.9
42.3
42.5
41.3
42.7
41.9
41.8
41.5
41.9
36.6
41.9
41.4
41.1
42.3
43.1
40.5
41.4
40.4
41.7
41.6

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

41.4
39.5
39.4
42.2
41.9
42.1

41.6
40.2
40.2
41.9
41.0
41.7

42.0
41.4
41.7
42.6
41.7
42.9

40.9
41.9
42.0
41.7
41.7
40.8
42.5
39.8
37.9
39.9
40.8
40.0
41.8
39.2
41.1
37.9
41.1
41.6
42.0
43.9
40.0
40.9
40.0
39.5
42.2
43.9
41.5

41.1
42.5
42.8
42.1
42.0
41.2
43.0
38.1
32.4
39.7
41.4
40.3
41.7
39.9
41.2
37.1
41.1
41.5
43.2
45.8
40.5
41.4
40.8
40.1
42.2
44.3
41.1

41.0
41.4
41.4
41.4
42.1
42.2
41.7
40.5
40.1
39.9
42.1
40.7
42.1
39.2
43.6
39.1
41.0
41.8
40.6
40.8
40.5
40.5
41.6
39.1
42.6
45.7
41.9

40.7
41.0
40.5
41.5
41.5
41.6
40.9
40.2
38.8
39.1
43.5
40.6
42.2
39.1
41.7
39.0
40.0
39.6
40.4
40.7
40.5
42.9
41.5
39.2
42.1
45.1
41.1

Nov.
1991P

42.1

41.5

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

4.0
4.1
7.1
2.9
3.1
3.3
4.0
2.5
4.2
7.1
4.5
2.6
4.8
4.1
4.4
6.0
3.5
3.3
3.6
3.5
2.4
3.8
4.2
4.1
5.9
4.7
2.5
5.1
3.8
3.2
3.3

4.1
4.5
8.1
3.1
2.8
2.9
4.1
2.3
3.9
7.9
4.7
2.8
4.9
4.2
5.2
5.8
3.8
4.1
4.0
3.2
3.5
4.3
4.4
4.5
5.6
5.6
3.4
5.4
3.8
3.3
3.6

4.0
5.2
7.3
4.2
3.2
2.9
3.6
2.5
3.9
5.1
4.8
2.3
4.4
4.2
3.6
5.2
3.1
3.9
4.2
4.0
3.7
4.3
4.1
3.9
5.2
4.7
3.6
4.5
4.0
3.3
2.9

3.9
5.1
7.4
4.1
2.7
2.6
3.3
2.1
3.5
4.9
4.1
2.6
4.5
4.2
3.7
5.3
3.5
4.0
3.9
3.5
3.0
4.1
3.6
3.0
4.4
4.8
3.0
4.2
3.4
3.2
3.0

3.2
2.3
2.3
4.6
4.2
4.7

41.8
40.9
41.0
42.1
40.9
42.3

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

Average overtime hours

3.5
2.4
2.3
4.5
4.1
4.4

4.1
3.4
3.6
4.7
3.4
4.9

4.4
3.1
3.2
4.6
3.9
4.7

3.3
3.2
3.5
2.9
3.2
3.1
3.2
2.2
1.7
2.0
2.3
3.0
3.8
2.7
2.2
2.7
3.6
3.4
3.6
4.6
3.3
3.3
4.5
2.4
4.3
5.9
3.9

3.6
3.7
4.1
3.3
3.4
3.2
3.6
2.3
1.4
2.0
2.7
3.0
3.5
2.9
2.3
1.9
3.5
2.9
4.5
6.1
3.7
3.6
4.9
2.7
4.2
5.7
3.4

3.5
3.1
3.4
2.8
3.5
3.5
3.3
3.2
2.8
1.7
4.0
3.4
3.3
2.7
3.8
2.7
5.0
4.7
2.9
3.2
3.6
3.8
4.6
2.7
4.3
6.0
4.3

3.3
2.7
2.8
2.6
3.1
3.3
2.7
3.0
2.1
1.6
4.4
3.2
3.3
2.7
2.9
2.5
4.4
4.1
2.7
2.9
3.3
4.1
4.4
2.5
4.2
5.4
4.0

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1987
SIC
Code

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

$11.90 $11.97 $12.24 $12.26 $12.28 $499.80
623.50
15.63
14.74
15.49
14.90
_
678.99
16.05
15.99
15.19
15.23
_
602.78
15.43
15.25
14.56
14.75
459.61
11.35
11.47
11.06
11.21
12.41
12.24
500.62
12.43
12.10
_
519.44
12.55
12.58
12.11
12.08
580.44
14.49
13.87
13.82
14.53
_
500.71
12.52
12.01
11.95
12.38
_
11.47
537.40
11.48
11.29
11.35
_
455.03
11.35
11.44
10.86
10.97
_
10.84
429.22
10.52
10.80
10.53
12.64
531.58
12.58
12.45
12.42
_
12.92
515.43
13.00
12.42
12.52
_
534.60
12.68
12.61
12.52
12.66
_
570.29
13.11
13.05
13.01
13.05
11.36
11.07
456.08
11.30
11.13
_
10.46
426.38
10.42
10.24
10.08
_
12.38
491.88
11.91
12.40
12.05
_
427.49
10.58
10.13
10.52
10.22
_
501.47
13.89
14.24
13.59
13.79
_
12.32
11.86
488.63
12.30
11.78
_
483.11
11.79
11.53
11.90
11.57
_
499.34
12.50
12.49
12.21
12.12
_
540.13
12.43
12.76
12.34
12.36
_
529.85
12.13
12.04
11.88
12.25
_
10.24
398.38
10.22
10.06
10.08
_
12.57
489.04
12.54
12.04
11.87
_
454.57
11.55
10.94
10.98
11.63
_
12.16
12.14
484.99
11.85
11.52
11.97
497.95
12.61
12.61
12.45
-

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

$502.74
634.74
709.72
604.75
450.14
491.26
520.73
576.99
503.22
548.21
457.45
428.57
529.13
522.08
556.10
560.73
464.12
435.20
503.69
427.20
532.29
498.29
489.41
511.60
541.73
538.19
409.25
506.88
455.10
500.07
524.15

$517.75
686.21
730.74
664.90
465.68
499.69
542.20
626.24
501.39
528.08
486.20
433.08
529.62
548.60
521.59
555.93
471.21
435.56
522.04
445.00
546.82
514.14
499.80
524.58
548.68
527.98
418.82
521.66
480.32
515.95
529.62

$512.47 $516.99
689.28
_
738.30
666.58
_
448.33
483.99
533.38
604.23
_
510.82
531.06
_
474.43
_
432.52
534.67
549.10
523.68
_
559.80
475.98
_
437.23
513.77
_
443.30
_
508.37
_
516.21
_
488.11
513.75
_
525.79
_
522.80
_
413.91
_
520.40
_
466.62
_
507.07
524.58
-

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

11.26
11.07
11.26
11.63
12.33
11.33

11.43
11.07
11.25
11.66
12.21
11.36

12.24
11.23
11.42
11.84
12.62
11.53

12.47
11.30
11.53
11.86
12.91
11.50

_
_
_
-

466.16
437.27
443.64
490.79
516.63
476.99

475.49
445.01
452.25
488.55
500.61
473.71

514.08
464.92
476.21
504.38
526.25
494.64

521.25
462.17
472.73
499.31
528.02
486.45

_
_
_
_
_
-

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

10.45
10.28
10.04
10.53
10.05
9.90
10.26
10.22
11.44
12.42
7.49
10.22
11.58
9.97
9.55
7.53
10.12
10.70
11.10
11.65
10.19
12.22
12.56
9.44
11.55
12.97
12.06

10.52
10.42
10.18
10.66
10.14
9.95
10.46
10.03
11.16
12.48
7.60
10.19
11.48
9.99
9.58
7.53
10.13
10.53
11.36
12.09
10.25
12.20
12.58
9.46
11.62
13.01
12.19

10.84
10.78
10.57
11.02
10.27
9.86
10.85
10.42
11.79
12.52
7.73
10.69
11.91
10.41
9.77
7.90
10.59
10.94
11.55
12.19
10.56
12.28
12.86
9.74
12.01
13.26
12.45

10.75
10.77
10.58
10.97
10.28
9.82
10.96
10.18
11.59
12.32
7.54
10.67
11.97
10.48
9.87
7.63
10.32
10.72
11.47
12.07
10.44
12.35
12.64
9.58
12.01
13.02
12.56

10.85
_
_
_
_
_

427.41
430.73
421.68
439.10
419.09
403.92
436.05
406.76
433.58
495.56
305.59
408.80
484.04
390.82
392.51
285.39
415.93
445.12
466.20
511.44
407.60
499.80
502.40
372.88
487.41
569.38
500.49

432.37
442.85
435.70
448.79
425.88
409.94
449.78
382.14
361.58
495.46
314.64
410.66
478.72
398.60
394.70
279.36
416.34
437.00
490.75
553.72
415.13
505.08
513.26
379.35
490.36
576.34
501.01

444.44
446.29
437.60
456.23
432.37
416.09
452.45
422.01
472.78
499.55
325.43
435.08
501.41
408.07
425.97
308.89
434.19
457.29
468.93
497.35
427.68
497.34
534.98
380.83
511.63
605.98
521.66

437.53
441.57
428.49
455.26
426.62
408.51
448.26
409.24
449.69
481.71
327.99
433.20
505.13
409.77
411.58
297.57
412.80
424.51
463.39
491.25
422.82
529.82
524.56
375.54
505.62
587.20
516.22

450.28
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies

Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

1987
SIC
Code

See footnotes at end of table.

96




Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Average overtime hours

Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

42.5
43.3
44.0
41.2
43.3
41.1
42.2
41.6
43.2
42.3
40.5
41.8
37.8
41.6
42.7
43.6
40.1
39.5

41.4
40.9
40.1
40.9
41.5
40.6
42.7
41.9
43.6
43.1
40.3
41.5
37.7
42.0
42.8
43.2
39.5
38.0

42.8
44.0
44.4
41.7
44.1
41.6
41.9
41.6
43.4
41.1
40.8
41.6
38.9
41.0
42.9
43.7
39.1
38.0

42.8
43.8
44.7
41.3
43.7
40.6
41.8
41.7
43.2
41.1
41.0
41.6
39.7
40.1
42.9
43.3
39.9
39.2

42.2
42.5

4.4
4.8
5.3
3.3
4.8
2.8
4.7
4.2
5.8
4.6
2.4
2.7
1.9
3.5
3.7
4.3
2.7
2.1

3.8
3.6
3.6
2.9
3.8
2.7
4.8
4.2
6.1
4.6
2.4
2.7
1.8
3.3
3.6
3.9
2.5
1.3

4.6
5.3
5.6
3.7
5.4
4.1
4.2
4.2
5.3
3.4
3.2
3.5
2.5
2.3
4.7
5.4
2.1
1.9

41.4
41.3
41.5
41.0
42.4
40.9
41.5
41.5
41.2
39.1
42.1
40.1

41.3
40.6
41.0
41.9
40.9
40.3
41.6
41.6
41.6
40.7
42.8
40.1

40.9
40.6
40.2
40.4
39.9
39.4
41.4
41.1
41.5
40.6
43.1
39.9

41.5

385
386
387

41.0
41.2
40.9
40.5
41.5
40.2
40.9
40.2
41.2
38.7
42.8
40.0

3.0
2.6
2.8
2.7
3.4
2.0
3.3
3.5
3.2
2.4
4.3
2.2

3.2
2.9
3.0
3.2
3.5
2.2
3.7
4.0
3.5
2.6
3.8
2.6

3.2
2.7
2.7
3.5
2.8
2.1
3.6
3.7
3.4
3.4
4.3
2.6

2.9
2.5
2.3
3.0
2.3
1.8
3.1
3.2
2.9
3.2
4.6
2.6

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

40.2
40.0
40.0
40.7
40.3
40.0
40.5
40.8
41.1
42.7
39.7
40.2

40.2
40.3
40.4
40.5
40.5
40.9
40.2
40.7
40.8
41.5
39.6
40.1

40.3
39.3
39.0
39.0
41.2
41.0
41.4
40.0
41.7
42.3
39.7
40.0

40.4
40.7
40.8
38.8
41.1
40.7
41.3
41.0
40.8
41.2
39.6
39.9

40.4

3.1
3.8
4.2
2.2
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.2
4.0
5.6
3.1
3.5

3.0
3.5
3.8
2.1
3.0
3.2
2.8
2.5
2.9
3.8
3.1
3.4

3.2
2.5
2.5
1.6
3.7
3.6
3.8
2.8
3.4
3.8
3.2
3.5

3.2
3.9
4.1
1.5
3.3
3.0
3.5
2.8
3.4
4.0
3.0
3.3

40.2

40.2

40.8

40.6

40.8

3.8

3.8

4.2

4.0

41.0
40.6
41.8
42.1
39.3
40.9
39.8
41.2
40.7
43.9
40.0
40.0
45.4
50.6
41.9

41.1
40.4
42.3
41.7
38.7
41.3
40.1
42.2
40.5
44.5
40.9
38.3
46.3
50.7
42.5

41.4
40.3
42.3
42.4
38.1
41.7
40.9
42.7
42.8
45.4
43.7
42.3
45.8
48.7
43.8

41.0
40.4
42.2
42.1
38.7
41.2
40.2
42.0
41.1
45.4
39.9
42.5
45.8
48.0
44.0

41.2

4.7
4.4
5.1
5.4
3.5
4.4
3.7
4.6
5.0
6.7
5.1
5.1
7.0
9.3
5.5

4.8
4.6
5.6
5.5
3.6
4.7
4.0
5.1
4.0
7.0
3.9
3.5
7.6
9.1
5.8

5.3
4.2
5.3
5.5
3.1
4.7
4.3
5.1
7.2
9.0
8.7
6.6
7.7
8.8
6.6

4.7
4.1
4.7
5.0
3.3
4.3
3.9
4.5
5.1
8.5
5.0
5.6
7.6
8.0
6.8

Nov.
1991P

4.6
5.3
6.0
3.4
5.2
3.4
4.1
4.2
5.1
3.4
3.4
3.6
2.9
1.9
4.4
5.0
3.0
2.6

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373

3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384

3841
3842

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee

Average weekly hours

20
201

2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048

4.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1987
SIC
Code

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

$14.41 $14.20 $15.06 $15.08 $15.07 $612.43
15.46 649.50
15.66
15.00
15.60
14.59
787.16
18.59
17.67
17.89
18.53
522.42
13.40
12.50
12.68
13.64
584.12
14.14
13.18
13.49
14.08
401.55
10.06
9.85
9.77
9.93
632.58
15.78
15.08
14.99
15.98
2
()
ft
0
$652.75
$15.11 $15.20 $15.65 $15.72
573.17
14.21
13.55
14.36
13.64
450.77
11.55
11.13
11.60
11.05
498.67
12.41
11.93
12.47
11.78
346.63
9.38
9.17
9.39
9.24
568.26
14.03
13.66
14.01
13.54
622.14
15.06
14.57
15.10
14.59
(2)
(2)
$433.48
$10.81 $10.92 $10.92 $10.88
9.94
363.01
9.09
9.86
9.19

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

$587.88
596.73
708.57
511.25
546.97
399.91
643.92

$644.57
689.04
825.40
558.78
623.57
418.50
661.18

$645.42 $635.95
683.28 657.05
828.29
563.33
615.30
403.16
667.96

$662.72
587.88
445.32
488.87
348.35
568.68
624.45

$679.21
584.03
471.24
516.26
364.88
575.23
646.07

$679.10
590.20
475.60
518.75
372.78
561.80
647.79

Nov.
1991 P

$431.34 $426.97 $434.11
345.42 377.72 386.51

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

Nondurable goods
20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048

11.46
14.85
10.84
9.55
10.65
10.98
10.05
10.20
9.77
8.32
14.26
7.56

11.48
14.91
10.89
9.64
10.65
11.03
10.05
10.05
9.82
8.29
14.26
7.70

11.74
15.34
11.20
9.93
10.93
11.56
10.26
10.20
10.03
8.57
14.75
7.91

11.76 $11.79 469.86
611.82
15.41
443.36
11.30
386.78
9.99
441.98
11.15
441.40
11.64
411.05
10.16
410.04
10.16
402.52
9.87
321.98
8.52
610.33
14.78
302.40
7.90

475.27
615.78
451.94
395.24
451.56
451.13
417.08
417.08
404.58
324.14
600.35
308.77

484.86
622.80
459.20
416.07
447.04
465.87
426.82
424.32
417.25
348.80
631.30
317.19

480.98
625.65
454.26
403.60
444.89
458.62
420.62
417.58
409.61
345.91
637.02
315.21

$489.29

8.62
9.34
9.34
8.75
7.94
7.81
8.04
8.83
7.36
6.55
9.11
9.99

8.66
9.23
9.18
8.71
8.06
7.93
8.15
8.98
7.19
6.29
9.20
10.15

8.90
9.47
9.42
8.83
8.19
7.96
8.35
9.49
7.64
6.86
9.45
10.11

8.86
9.57
9.56
8.83
8.12
7.81
8.36
9.36
7.56
6.80
9.36
10.04

8.90 346.52
373.60
373.60
356.13
319.98
312.40
325.62
360.26
302.50
279.69
361.67
401.60

348.13
371.97
370.87
352.76
326.43
324.34
327.63
365.49
293.35
261.04
364.32
407.02

358.67
372.17
367.38
344.37
337.43
326.36
345.69
379.60
318.59
290.18
375.17
404.40

357.94
389.50
390.05
342.60
333.73
317.87
345.27
383.76
308.45
280.16
370.66
400.60

359.56

10.20

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee

Average hourly earnings

10.29

10.49

10.47

10.55 410.04

413.66

427.99

425.08

430.44

9.54
7.90
8.73
9.31
6.78
10.60
9.70
11.09
8.72
11.68
8.40
8.11
11.51
10.78
9.12

9.74
8.01
8.85
9.43
6.87
10.75
9.92
11.21
9.10
12.63
8.75
8.29
11.79
10.86
9.26

9.86
8.21
9.03
9.50
7.09
10.98
10.10
11.48
9.16
12.19
9.23
8.10
11.91
11.05
9.58

9.85
8.12
8.95
9.31
7.07
10.96
9.89
11.51
9.26
12.48
9.24
8.17
11.89
10.78
9.61

10.01 391.14
320.74
364.91
391.95
266.45
433.54
386.06
456.91
354.90
512.75
336.00
324.40
522.55
545.47
382.13

400.31
323.60
374.36
393.23
265.87
443.98
397.79
473.06
368.55
562.04
357.88
317.51
545.88
550.60
393.55

408.20
330.86
381.97
402.80
270.13
457.87
413.09
490.20
392.05
553.43
403.35
342.63
545.48
538.14
419.60

403.85
328.05
377.69
391.95
273.61
451.55
397.58
483.42
380.59
566.59
368.68
347.23
544.56
517.44
422.84

412.41

See footnotes at end of table.




97

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991 P

Average overtime hours
Nov.
1991 P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991 P

205
2051

39.5
39.0

39.8
39.4

39.9
39.3

39.6
38.9

4.2
4.2

4.6
4.7

4.4
4.4

4.2
4.0

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

40.4
41.4
42.7
48.0
40.4
40.6
45.4
41.7
43.5
40.8
39.4

40.4
42.6
53.5
52.3
40.4
41.0
45.8
42.2
45.4
41.3
39.5

41.2
40.7
46.9
48.1
39.3
39.5
43.9
42.0
42.1
41.7
39.7

41.0
41.5
48.8
47.8
40.0
40.1
44.2
41.3
41.5
40.9
39.2

4.3
4.4
5.7
10.3
4.7
3.5
7.0
4.5
6.9
3.3
4.4

4.5
5.4
14.3
13.7
3.6
4.4
7.6
5.0
8.1
4.0
4.4

4.5
4.5
6.8
10.4
4.8
3.7
6.8
5.2
7.0
4.5
4.8

4.7
5.0
8.9
9.5
5.8
3.8
7.2
4.7
6.4
4.0
4.3

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

40.8
40.8

40.3
41.3

40.3
39.8

40.2
39.9

38.4

2.7
3.1

2.9
3.4

1.6
1.5

1.5
1.4

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

40.1
41.5
41.2
38.6
40.1
38.1
38.0
38.2
36.8
37.6
39.5
41.8
42.5
42.4
42.6
39.4
40.1
35.2
41.4

39.7
41.1
40.8
39.5
39.8
37.4
38.4
37.4
35.1
36.6
38.9
42.3
43.2
42.5
42.4
38.4
38.8
35.5
41.9

41.8
41.8
42.2
42.0
41.4
40.7
38.2
40.1
41.7
38.8
42.5
44.5
46.1
44.1
43.1
41.4
41.9
37.7
42.0

41.6
42.1
41.4
41.3
41.0
40.6
39.3
39.6
40.8
39.3
42.7
44.5
46.4
43.6
43.5
41.0
41.5
36.9
41.6

41.8

3.7
4.7
4.2
2.9
3.0
2.8
2.7
2.2
3.0
1.7
3.4
5.0
5.4
5.5
4.7
3.3
3.6
2.1
3.8

3.6
4.4
3.9
2.9
2.7
2.8
3.3
1.7
3.0
1.7
3.1
5.6
5.9
6.2
4.1
2.8
2.9
2.5
4.0

4.8
5.8
5.0
4.5
3.8
3.9
2.5
3.4
4.8
2.4
5.0
7.3
8.5
7.2
5.6
4.4
4.7
2.2
4.1

4.6
5.8
4.4
4.0
3.6
3.8
3.3
3.1
4.3
2.4
5.2
6.8
8.2
6.5
5.8
4.3
4.4
2.8
4.0

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

36.6
36.1
36.4
35.5
35.7
37.0
34.9
35.3
33.2
34.7
35.4
38.5
39.2
34.9
36.0
36.6
37.2
39.4
35.2
40.1
41.1

36.6
36.8
36.1
35.7
35.3
36.8
35.3
35.0
33.5
34.8
36.0
38.1
38.5
35.9
36.9
37.2
36.9
39.0
37.0
40.1
39.6

37.5
37.0
37.3
37.0
36.4
37.1
35.8
35.5
35.2
34.8
36.3
39.3
39.9
36.1
37.7
37.7
37.9
40.0
38.4
39.1
41.3

37.6
37.1
37.4
37.3
36.4
37.1
36.1
36.6
35.6
34.2
36.5
38.8
39.1
36.9
37.8
38.5
38.5
40.0
38.0
40.1
40.7

37.5

1.8
.8
1.3
.9
1.3
1.1
1.5
1.0
1.2
2.1
1.6
1.9
2.0
1.3
1.5
2.1
2.0
3.1
1.3
3.6
4.0

1.7
1.1
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.6
.8
1.1
2.0
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.6
1.6
2.0
1.4
2.8
2.2
3.8
2.8

2.1
1.1
1.8
1.7
1.7
1.6
1.7
.9
1.6
1.8
1.9
2.6
2.7
1.9
2.3
2.8
1.9
3.4
2.1
3.9
4.1

2.1
1.0
1.8
1.8
1.5
1.5
1.8
1.1
1.7
1.6
2.0
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.0
2.7
2.1
3.2
2.4
3.8
3.5

Paper and allied products
Paper mills

26
262
263

43.6
45.8
45.6

43.8
45.2
46.7

43.8
45.3
45.9

43.6
45.3
45.3

44.1

5.1
5.8
7.3

5.2
5.9
8.2

5.5
6.1
7.6

5.2
6.1
7.0

Paperboard mills
See footnotes at end of table.

98



Nov.
1991 P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

205
2051

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

$431.74 $437.40 $449.67 $445.90
425.88 431.82 444.09 441.13

$10.93 $10.99 $11.27 $11.26
10.92 10.96 11.30
11.34

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

10.93
9.92
10.20
14.60
9.32
8.93
10.24
13.54
18.82
10.88
9.13

11.03
10.07
9.87
14.80
10.12
9.10
10.26
13.83
19.14
11.02
9.14

11.23
10.70
10.64
14.69
11.56
9.71
10.37
13.83
19.31
11.32
9.16

11.12
10.31
9.85
15.15
10.11
9.49
10.11
13.82
19.24
11.20
9.31

441.57
410.69
435.54
700.80
376.53
362.56
464.90
564.62
818.67
443.90
359.72

445.61
428.98
528.05
774.04
408.85
373.10
469.91
583.63
868.96
455.13
361.03

462.68
435.49
499.02
706.59
454.31
383.55
455.24
580.86
812.95
472.04
363.65

455.92
427.87
480.68
724.17
404.40
380.55
446.86
570.77
798.46
458.08
364.95

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

15.81
19.92

16.51
20.27

16.03
20.39

16.09 $17.02 645.05
812.74
20.40

665.35
837.15

646.01
811.52

646.82
813.96

$653.57

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

8.12
8.41
8.72
8.65
7.52
7.48
6.97
7.11
7.50
7.36
8.02
8.56
8.49
8.98
8.27
7.78
7.79
7.91
9.18

8.13
8.41
8.80
8.71
7.56
7.45
7.04
7.08
7.39
7.30
8.07
8.65
8.53
9.08
8.24
7.75
7.73
8.02
9.24

8.42
8.79
9.02
8.95
7.92
7.73
7.28
7.39
7.56
7.68
8.45
8.82
8.83
9.17
8.55
8.11
8.13
8.19
9.65

8.40
8.77
9.04
8.87
7.93
7.71
7.32
7.30
7.59
7.67
8.45
8.86
8.93
9.15
8.36
8.12
8.13
8.25
9.68

8.46 325.61
349.02
359.26
333.89
301.55
284.99
264.86
271.60
276.00
276.74
316.79
357.81
360.83
380.75
352.30
306.53
312.38
278.43
380.05

322.76
345.65
359.04
344.05
300.89
278.63
270.34
264.79
259.39
267.18
313.92
365.90
368.50
385.90
349.38
297.60
299.92
284.71
387.16

351.96
367.42
380.64
375.90
327.89
314.61
278.10
296.34
315.25
297.98
359.13
392.49
407.06
404.40
368.51
335.75
340.65
308.76
405.30

349.44
369.22
374.26
366.33
325.13
313.03
287.68
289.08
309.67
301.43
360.82
394.27
414.35
398.94
363.66
332.92
337.40
304.43
402.69

353.63

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

6.65
7.32
6.11
6.00
6.01
5.92
6.35
5.63
6.88
7.01
6.19
6.25
6.11
7.08
5.99
5.91
6.46
7.95
6.60
6.77
11.22

6.63
7.32
6.13
6.07
6.00
5.94
6.38
5.62
6.82
7.09
6.24
6.21
6.07
7.03
6.02
5.87
6.46
7.81
6.62
6.78
10.89

6.86
7.42
6.35
6.31
6.22
6.15
6.60
5.89
6.97
7.23
6.48
6.58
6.47
7.27
6.19
6.01
6.64
8.12
6.73
7.00
11.03

6.81
7.44
6.33
6.29
6.21
6.11
6.52
5.84
6.88
7.14
6.42
6.55
6.39
7.47
6.17
6.08
6.66
8.00
6.77
6.94
10.69

243.39
264.25
222.40
213.00
214.56
219.04
221.62
198.74
228.42
243.25
219.13
240.63
239.51
247.09
215.64
216.31
240.31
313.23
232.32
271.48
461.14

242.66
269.38
221.29
216.70
211.80
218.59
225.21
196.70
228.47
246.73
224.64
236.60
233.70
252.38
222.14
218.36
238.37
304.59
244.94
271.88
431.24

257.25
274.54
236.86
233.47
226.41
228.17
236.28
209.10
245.34
251.60
235.22
258.59
258.15
262.45
233.36
226.58
251.66
324.80
258.43
273.70
455.54

256.06
276.02
236.74
234.62
226.04
226.68
235.37
213.74
244.93
244.19
234.33
254.14
249.85
275.64
233.23
234.08
256.41
320.00
257.26
278.29
435.08

255.38

Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills

26
262
263

12.43
15.33
15.58

12.53
15.50
15.75

12.80
15.80
15.89

12.80
15.83
15.93

12.89 541.95
702.11
710.45

548.81
700.60
735.53

560.64
715.74
729.35

558.08
717.10
721.63

568.45

6.81

S e e footnotes at end of table.




99

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated.
Envelopes

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Average overtime hours
Nov.
1991 P

5.0
5.8
3.2
4.7
4.3
3.8
4.6
3.3

38.3

3.2
1.2
3.7
3.1
2.5
3.8
1.9
3.9
3.8
3.7
3.2
2.8
4.5

3.2
1.7
3.6
3.1
2.0
4.5
1.9
3.8
3.7
3.8
3.8
2.6
4.3

3.2
1.1
3.3
4.0
2.3
6.0
1.9
4.0
3.8
4.0
4.0
2.5
4.6

3.1
1.1
4.0
3.3
2.0
4.9
1.7
3.8
3.6
3.9
4.2
2.0
4.1

43.1
44.2
44.0
43.0
43.8
42.2
42.1
42.0
40.9
42.0
41.6
39.9
42.1
46.8
44.9
47.5
44.4
42.2

43.7

4.5
4.6
4.3
5.2
6.3
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.1
5.3
3.1
1.7
3.3
6.0
5.7
6.2
5.9
4.4

4.4
4.6
4.6
5.2
5.9
4.5
4.0
3.9
2.7
4.5
2.4
1.8
2.9
5.7
5.2
5.9
5.8
4.5

4.9
4.9
4.9
5.4
6.1
4.4
4.0
4.1
4.1
5.8
4.7
2.7
4.2
6.5
7.3
6.4
5.7
4.5

4.8
4.9
4.7
5.6
6.1
4.8
4.1
4.0
3.4
4.3
4.0
2.5
3.5
6.7
6.2
6.9
6.5
4.4

44.6
44.2
47.1

43.9
43.5
46.4

42.7

6.4
6.1
7.8

6.8
6.9
7.2

6.8
6.3
9.4

6.6
6.2
8.6

41.0
43.3
42.6
42.1
41.8
40.3
40.8

41.5
41.5
44.0
42.2
42.5
41.1
41.5

41.6
42.9
43.9
41.6
41.5
41.2
41.4

41.5

3.8
5.5
3.4
3.7
4.0
3.1
3.7

3.5
5.1
3.1
3.7
3.8
2.7
3.4

4.1
4.4
4.3
3.9
3.4
3.5
4.2

4.0
5.0
4.2
3.5
3.1
3.4
3.9

37.3
41.4
35.9
36.0
35.3
42.1
38.1

36.7
41.2
35.5
35.7
34.8
40.6
37.3

37.9
43.6
36.4
36.5
35.5
40.3
38.3

37.2
43.0
35.2
35.6
34.0
40.0
38.6

37.7

2.0
3.5
1.3
1.0
1.2
3.1
2.5

1.8
3.9
1.1
1.2
1.0
3.2
2.2

2.4
5.5
1.7
1.8
1.5
2.9
1.8

2.2
5.3
1.5
1.9
1.0
2.2
1.9

38.7

38.8

39.1

38.8

38.6

44.0

44.5

47.4

47.5

43.8
44.9
43.5
42.6
42.2
42.1
41.8
41.8

43.5
44.2
41.9
42.6
42.1
42.3
41.8
41.7

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

38.0
32.9
38.6
38.3
38.3
38.2
36.2
39.7
39.3
40.2
41.4
38.3
39.2

38.1
33.8
38.3
38.5
38.7
38.4
36.2
39.6
39.3
40.0
41.9
37.7
39.4

38.1
32.7
38.2
40.0
39.0
41.1
35.9
39.8
39.4
40.0
41.2
38.4
39.7

37.9
32.7
39.0
38.8
38.0
39.8
36.6
39.5
39.1
40.0
41.6
37.7
39.1

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations.
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

42.5
43.4
42.9
42.6
44.4
41.0
41.5
41.5
40.3
42.3
40.6
39.0
41.9
45.1
43.5
45.6
44.3
42.3

42.9
43.8
43.7
43.0
44.2
42.1
42.2
42.4
40.6
41.9
40.3
40.0
41.4
45.3
44.5
45.6
44.2
43.1

43.2
43.8
43.7
42.8
43.8
41.9
42.6
42.6
41.7
42.9
42.7
40.3
42.2
46.6
46.0
46.8
44.3
42.8

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials .

29
291
295

43.8
44.0
44.2

46.0
47.3
42.8

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting .
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

41.3
43.7
42.7
42.4
42.3
41.0
40.9

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

Transportation and public utilities




Oct.
1991 P

5.5
6.4
4.3
4.9
4.5
4.0
4.8
3.8

43.2
43.8
44.5
42.6
42.4
43.4
42.0
41.7

100

Sept.
1991

4.8
5.4
4.1
4.8
4.4
4.0
5.2
3.6

42.9
43.8
43.7
42.0
42.1
42.6
41.8
41.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Nov.
1990

4.9
5.6
4.4
4.6
4.3
3.4
4.9
3.8

265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

Oct.
1990

4011

Nov.
1991 P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

1987
SIC
Code

265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

$10.46 $10.50 $10.84 $10.80
10.95
10.91
10.59
10.59
10.70
10.76
10.37
10.26
11.19
11.12
10.72
10.84
11.16
11.17
10.87
10.98
12.69
12.76
12.38
12.54
10.50
10.53
10.26
10.40
10.62
10.56
10.24
10.26

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

$448.73
463.84
453.17
450.24
457.63
527.39
428.87
425.98

Nov.
1991P

$453.60
463.84
456.57
461.78
465.55
544.24
436.80
427.84

$474.79
491.66
465.45
476.69
470.95
534.25
438.90
443.92

$469.80
482.22
450.84
473.71
470.26
539.75
440.15
440.35

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

11.36
11.20
11.95
10.56
10.53
10.60
10.32
11.63
11.74
11.32
11.69
8.94
13.89

11.38
11.29
11.99
10.43
10.29
10.59
10.45
11.60
11.66
11.42
11.97
8.98
13.82

11.65
11.55
12.56
10.66
10.37
10.99
10.72
11.94
11.95
11.84
12.10
9.11
13.93

11.64 $11.61 431.68
11.53
368.48
12.65
461.27
10.53
404.45
10.26
403.30
10.84
404.92
10.81
373.58
11.91
461.71
11.96
461.38
11.73
455.06
12.15
483.97
9.11
342.40
13.96
544.49

433.58
381.60
459.22
401.56
398.22
406.66
378.29
459.36
458.24
456.80
501.54
338.55
544.51

443.87
377.69
479.79
426.40
404.43
451.69
384.85
475.21
470.83
473.60
498.52
349.82
553.02

441.16
377.03
493.35
408.56
389.88
431.43
395.65
470.45
467.64
469.20
505.44
343.45
545.84

$444.66

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

13.74
14.91
15.08
14.13
15.04
13.25
13.17
13.13
11.89
15.80
10.37
10.16
12.06
16.12
15.80
16.36
14.30
12.43

13.75
14.99
15.30
14.25
14.99
13.58
13.02
12.96
11.87
15.33
10.45
10.34
12.17
16.17
15.99
16.38
14.13
12.41

14.21
15.43
15.71
15.03
15.57
14.31
13.67
13.71
12.08
15.41
10.85
10.58
12.65
16.75
16.14
17.05
14.41
12.67

14.25
15.52
15.82
15.09
15.66
14.43
13.75
13.81
11.94
15.03
10.74
10.57
12.61
16.80
16.24
17.10
14.49
12.72

14.38 583.95
647.09
646.93
601.94
667.78
543.25
546.56
544.90
479.17
668.34
421.02
396.24
505.31
727.01
687.30
746.02
633.49
525.79

589.88
656.56
668.61
612.75
662.56
571.72
549.44
549.50
481.92
642.33
421.14
413.60
503.84
732.50
711.56
746.93
624.55
534.87

613.87
675.83
686.53
643.28
681.97
599.59
582.34
584.05
503.74
661.09
463.30
426.37
533.83
780.55
742.44
797.94
638.36
542.28

614.18
685.98
696.08
648.87
685.91
608.95
578.88
580.02
488.35
631.26
446.78
421.74
530.88
786.24
729.18
812.25
643.36
536.78

628.41

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

16.40
17.76
13.38

16.59
17.92
13.07

17.16
18.72
13.33

17.14
18.68
13.35

17.28 718.32
781.44
591.40

763.14
847.62
559.40

765.34
827.42
627.84

752.45
812.58
619.44

737.86

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

9.87
15.88
6.64
9.68
9.96
9.40
9.21

9.92
15.71
6.75
9.83
10.01
9.44
9.27

10.16
16.02
6.92
10.06
10.25
9.67
9.56

10.15
16.17
7.12
10.08
10.28
9.65
9.49

10.22 407.63
693.96
283.53
410.43
421.31
385.40
376.69

406.72
680.24
287.55
413.84
418.42
380.43
378.22

421.64
664.83
304.48
424.53
435.63
397.44
396.74

422.24
693.69
312.57
419.33
426.62
397.58
392.89

424.13

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

6.96
9.09
6.70
7.21
6.17
6.95
6.09

6.99
9.20
6.69
7.28
6.15
7.02
6.18

7.18
9.60
6.78
7.36
6.32
6.78
6.40

7.19
9.56
6.78
7.32
6.37
6.83
6.40

7.25 259.61
376.33
240.53
259.56
217.80
292.60
232.03

256.53
379.04
237.50
259.90
214.02
285.01
230.51

272.12
418.56
246.79
268.64
224.36
273.23
245.12

267.47
411.08
238.66
260.59
216.58
273.20
247.04

273.33

13.08

13.09

13.32

13.29

13.34 506.20

507.89

520.81

515.65

514.92

15.77

15.97

15.96

15.87

693.88

710.67

756.50

753.83

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

4011

See footnotes at end of table.




101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991"

41
411
413

32.7
37.9
40.4

32.4
37.9
39.0

32.8
37.4
38.7

42
421
422

38.6
38.5
40.1

38.2
38.1
40.4

39.0
38.9
39.9

38.9
38.7
40.7

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

40.6

41.9

42.1

41.2

Transportation services:
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

472
4724
473

35.8
36.0
37.5

35.7
35.8
37.7

36.4
36.4
37.2

35.9
36.0
36.0

Communications
Telephone communications
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
483
484

39.1
40.6
34.4
38.3

39.3
41.0
34.5
37.7

39.6
41.0
35.4
39.2

39.0
40.3
34.6
38.6

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

41.4
41.6
42.4
40.0
42.1

41.7
41.5
42.8
41.2
42.3

41.7
41.7
42.3
41.2
42.0

41.8
41.7
42.8
41.7
42.0

38.1

38.0

38.4

38.2

Nov.
1991P

33.2
37.1
40.9

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage

Average overtime hours

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509

38.5
37.8
37.1
39.8
38.8
39.9
38.4
38.9
38.9
37.2

38.5
37.9
37.3
39.5
38.8
40.1
38.5
38.8
38.7
37.0

38.9
37.9
36.8
40.6
39.1
40.7
39.1
38.8
39.4
37.1

38.6
37.7
36.7
40.1
38.9
40.7
38.8
38.4
39.1
37.0

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods

51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

37.4
37.4
37.0
36.9
38.0
39.6
38.0
36.4
36.6

37.4
37.5
36.9
36.9
38.3
40.3
37.9
36.3
36.2

37.8
37.5
37.6
37.1
38.5
40.3
38.3
36.6
36.7

37.6
36.9
37.1
37.3
38.4
39.9
37.9
36.3
36.7

28.4

28.4

28.8

28.5

38.1

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

35.7
37.6
31.7

35.8
37.6
32.0

36.2
38.3
32.2

35.8
37.9
31.8

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

27.9
27.8
27.8
28.8

28.1
28.0
28.0
29.4

28.8
28.8
27.1
29.6

28.4
28.5
27.0
29.0

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

29.2
29.4
28.6

29.5
29.7
28.7

29.6
29.8
28.5

29.0
29.1
28.5

See footnotes at end of table.

102




28.5

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991 P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation

1987
SIC
Code

41

411
413

Average hourly earnings

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

$9.27
9.94
11.88

$9.28
9.97
12.11

$9.52
10.18
12.77

$9.55
10.27
12.87

$303.13 $300.67 $312.26 $317.06
376.73 377.86 380.73 381.02
479.95 472.29 494.20 526.38

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

11.76

11.76

11.91
9.80

12.01
12.17
9.76

12.01

11.94
9.48

12.21
9.53

453.94
459.69
380.15

449.23
453.77
395.92

468.39
473.41
389.42

467.19
472.53
387.87

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

17.17

17.15

17.78

17.74

697.10

718.59

748.54

730.89

Transportation services:
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

472
4724
473

9.18
9.30
12.22

9.26
9.35
12.31

9.63
9.74
12.39

9.59
9.68
12.19

328.64
334.80
458.25

330.58
334.73
464.09

350.53
354.54
460.91

344.28
348.48
438.84

Communications
Telephone communications
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
483
484

13.66
14.27
12.97
10.69

13.64
14.23
13.03
10.53

14.16
14.87
13.47
10.86

14.19
14.89
13.57
10.87

534.11
579.36
446.17
409.43

536.05
583.43
449.54
396.98

560.74
609.67
476.84
425.71

553.41
600.07
469.52
419.58

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

15.62
16.02
14.57
18.94
11.60

15.75
16.12
14.74
19.06
11.70

15.97
16.47
15.17
19.12
11.90

15.91
16.42
15.19
19.02
11.71

646.67
666.43
617.77
757.60
488.36

656.78
668.98
630.87
785.27
494.91

665.95
686.80
641.69
787.74
499.80

665.04
684.71
650.13
793.13
491.82

10.86

10.93

11.24

11.18 $11.25 413.77

415.34

431.62

427.08

Nov.
1991 P

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509

11.26
10.10
10.15
10.60
13.38
11.35
11.43
10.64
11.19
8.93

11.31
10.16
10.30
10.70
13.38
11.39
11.55
10.66
11.23
8.91

11.63
10.42
10.19
10.82
13.85
11.71
11.95
11.09
11.56
8.97

11.57
10.39
10.19
10.81
13.73
11.59
11.88
11.05
11.54
8.92

433.51
381.78
376.57
421.88
519.14
452.87
438.91
413.90
435.29
332.20

435.44
385.06
384.19
422.65
519.14
456.74
444.68
413.61
434.60
329.67

452.41
394.92
374.99
439.29
541.54
476.60
467.25
430.29
455.46
332.79

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods

51
511

10.30
10.97
11.87
9.97
10.47
12.47
10.13
12.15
8.72

10.40
10.95
12.07
9.99
10.60
12.56
10.20
12.34

10.72
11.35
12.72
10.46
10.79
12.88
10.46
12.67
9.09

10.66
11.29
12.54
10.43
10.77
12.82
10.38
12.56
9.11

385.22
410.28
439.19
367.89
397.86
493.81
384.94
442.26
319.15

388.96
410.63
445.38
368.63
405.98
506.17
386.58
447.94
316.03

405.22
425.63
478.27
388.07
415.42
519.06
400.62
463.72
333.60

400.82
416.60
465.23
389.04
413.57
511.52
393.40
455.93
334.34

6.83

$428.63

446.60
391.70
373.97
433.48
534.10
471.71
460.94
424.32
451.21
330.04

512

513
514
516
517

518
519

8.73
6.86

7.07

7.07

7.12 193.97

194.82

203.62

201.50

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

8.09
8.44
6.83

8.06
8.42
6.81

8.25
8.56
7.10

8.25
8.59
7.08

288.81
317.34
216.51

288.55
316.59
217.92

298.65
327.85
228.62

295.35
325.56
225.14

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

6.85
6.98
5.58
6.48

6.78
6.92
5.58
6.32

7.14
7.24
5.80
7.14

7.08
7.17
5.79
7.20

191.12
194.04
155.12
186.62

190.52
193.76
156.24
185.81

205.63
208.51
157.18
211.34

201.07
204.35
156.33
208.80

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

7.42
7.50
6.39

7.58
7.68
6.39

7.67
7.77
6.59

7.66
7.75
6.62

216.66
220.50
182.75

223.61
228.10
183.39

227.03
231.55
187.82

222.14
225.53
188.67

Retail trade

202.92

See footnotes at end of table.




103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Automotive dealers and service stations ...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

55
551
553
554
559

35.9
37.1
37.9
33.5
35.1

36.0
37.1
38.1
33.6
35.1

36.0
37.3
38.3
33.4
35.3

56
561
562
565
566

26.6
27.3
23.7
27.0
30.1

26.6
27.4
23.7
27.1
30.4

26.8
28.8
24.4
27.4
30.1

26.6
28.6
24.1
27.1
29.4

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores ...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...

57
571
572
573
5731
5735

32.6
33.1
33.3
31.8
31.5
26.3

32.5
33.2
33.0
31.3
31.4
25.5

33.3
33.6
34.7
32.4
31.8
26.3

33.1
33.3
34.2
32.4
31.8
26.2

Eating and drinking places4

58

24.7

24.5

25.0

24.8

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
594
596
598
599

29.2
27.3
27.8
32.2
37.3
31.0

29.1
27.4
27.3
32.5
38.0
31.0

29.5
27.7
28.1
34.1
37.5
30.9

29.3
27.5
27.5
33.8
38.1
31.1

35.5

35.6

36.1

35.5

Nov.
1991P

35.8
37.1
37.9
33.4
34.7

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

Average overtime hours

Finance, insurance, and real estate5
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Credit unions

60
602
606

35.2
35.0
35.3

35.3
35.2
35.4

35.8
35.7
35.7

35.1
34.9
35.3

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions

61
614

37.3
37.5

37.1
37.4

38.3
38.1

37.5
37.7

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

37.1

37.6

37.6

36.9

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

37.3
36.8
38.2
37.2

37.4
37.1
38.4
37.2

37.7
37.1
37.9
37.9

37.4
36.6
38.2
37.5

32.4

32.4

32.6

32.4

35.6

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

701

30.9

30.5

31.1

30.8

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

721
723
729

34.0
29.2
25.3

34.0
29.5
25.5

33.9
29.1
24.6

34.2
28.9
25.0

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings

73
731
734

33.0
36.1
28.6

33.0
36.2
28.5

33.3
36.5
28.5

33.1
36.3
28.4

7363
737
7371
738
7381

30.7
37.8
38.6
34.2
33.6

31.0
37.7
38.6
34.2
33.5

30.8
38.4
38.6
34.3
33.8

30.7
37.8
38.4
34.2
33.7

Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
See footnotes at end of table.

104




32.4

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991 P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Automotive dealers and service stations ...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

55
551
553
554
559

$8.94
11.03
7.85
6.25
10.77

$8.96
11.06
7.87
6.28
10.73

$9.21
11.41
8.07
6.44
10.51

$9.14
11.26
8.08
6.45
10.40

$320.95
409.21
297.52
209.38
378.03

$322.56
410.33
299.85
211.01
376.62

$331.56
425.59
309.08
215.10
371.00

$327.21
417.75
306.23
215.43
360.88

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

6.36
7.68
6.15
6.29
6.17

6.37
7.60
6.11
6.36
6.22

6.76
8.14
6.45
6.60
6.91

6.78
8.24
6.48
6.57
6.97

169.18
209.66
145.76
169.83
185.72

169.44
208.24
144.81
172.36
189.09

181.17
234.43
157.38
180.84
207.99

180.35
235.66
156.17
178.05
204.92

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores ...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...

57
571
572
573
5731
5735

8.57
8.45
8.80
8.71
8.67
5.36

8.62
8.50
8.86
8.77
8.74
5.36

9.01
8.67
9.50
9.45
9.27
5.70

9.05
8.73
9.44
9.48
9.25
5.73

279.38
279.70
293.04
276.98
273.11
140.97

280.15
282.20
292.38
274.50
274.44
136.68

300.03
291.31
329.65
306.18
294.79
149.91

299.56
290.71
322.85
307.15
294.15
150.13

Eating and drinking places4

58

5.05

5.06

5.25

5.24

124.74

123.97

131.25

129.95

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
594
596
598
599

7.20
6.96
6.74
7.84
9.96
7.47

7.18
6.94
6.67
7.84
10.11
7.40

7.54
7.39
7.07
8.25
10.35
7.76

7.53
7.43
7.03
8.08
10.52
7.75

210.24
190.01
187.37
252.45
371.51
231.57

208.94
190.16
182.09
254.80
384.18
229.40

222.43
204.70
198.67
281.33
388.13
239.78

220.63
204.33
193.33
273.10
400.81
241.03

10.08

10.12

10.53

10.48 $10.53 357.84

360.27

380.13

372.04

Nov.
1991P

Finance, insurance, and real estate5
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Credit unions

60
602
606

8.49
8.14
8.15

8.51
8.17
8.17

8.87
8.51
8.61

8.85
8.49
8.54

298.85
284.90
287.70

300.40
287.58
289.22

317.55
303.81
307.38

310.64
296.30
301.46

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions

61
614

10.52
9.38

10.53
9.42

11.04
9.71

10.99
9.62

392.40
351.75

390.66
352.31

422.83
369.95

412.13
362.67

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

13.45

13.57

14.74

14.72

499.00

510.23

554.22

543.17

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

11.30
10.45
10.77
12.15

11.35
10.45
10.83
12.24

11.90
10.88
11.37
12.77

11.87
10.83
11.27
12.82

421.49
384.56
411.41
451.98

424.49
387.70
415.87
455.33

448.63
403.65
430.92
483.98

443.94
396.38
430.51
480.75

9.96

10.02

10.33

10.33

10.39 322.70

324.65

336.76

334.69

$374.87

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

701

7.08

7.16

7.21

7.30

218.77

218.38

224.23

224.84

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

721
723
729

6.91
7.05
7.55

6.92
7.15
7.64

7.11
7.28
7.82

7.14
7.15
7.83

234.94
205.86
191.02

235.28
210.93
194.82

241.03
211.85
192.37

244.19
206.64
195.75

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings

73
731
734

9.51
13.57
7.18

9.56
13.54
7.23

9.81
14.29
7.37

9.75
13.96
7.31

313.83
489.88
205.35

315.48
490.15
206.06

326.67
521.59
210.05

322.73
506.75
207.60

7363
737
7371
738
7381

8.04
15.29
17.53
8.06
6.34

8.12
15.34
17.64
8.05
6.35

8.16
15.64
17.91
8.28
6.56

8.13
15.60
17.94
8.26
6.49

246.83
577.96
676.66
275.65
213.02

251.72
578.32
680.90
275.31
212.73

251.33
600.58
691.33
284.00
221.73

336.64

249.59
589.68
688.90
282.49
218.71

Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
See footnotes at end of table.




105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive repair shops

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991 P

75
753

36.5
38.1

36.6
38.3

36.7
38.3

36.5
38.0

Miscellaneous repair services

76

38.2

38.1

38.4

38.2

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services

78
781

27.1
35.2

27.7
35.0

27.8
36.8

27.6
37.1

Amusement and recreation services
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

79
799
7991
7997

26.3
25.5
17.8
28.6

26.4
25.4
17.3
28.2

26.3
25.9
18.5
29.1

26.6
25.8
18.8
28.4

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services

80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
808

32.4
31.5
28.3
29.7
32.0
31.0
34.0
25.3

32.5
31.7
28.4
29.7
32.2
31.1
34.1
25.6

32.7
32.2
28.3
29.9
32.7
31.8
34.2
26.6

32.4
31.9
28.2
29.5
31.8
31.1
34.1
26.0

Legal services

81

34.6

34.7

35.2

34.6

Social services:
Child day care services

835

29.9

29.7

29.8

29.8

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Engineering services
Architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping
Research and testing services
Management and public relations

87
871
8711
8712
872
873
874

37.0
39.1
39.5
37.7
37.0
36.0
34.9

37.0
39.0
39.4
37.4
36.7
36.0
35.3

37.5
39.3
39.5
38.5
37.9
36.7
35.5

37.1
38.8
39.1
37.6
37.4
36.5
35.3

Services, nee

89

36.3

36.5

36.9

35.8

See footnotes at end of table.

106



Average overtime hours
Nov.
1991 P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive repair shops

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Nov.
1990

Oct.
1991P

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

75
753

$8.86
9.73

$8.88
9.73

$9.06
9.86

$9.06
9.92

$323.39 $325.01 $332.50 $330.69
370.71 372.66 377.64 376.96

Miscellaneous repair services

76

10.43

10.42

10.69

10.72

398.43

397.00

410.50

409.50

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services

78
781

11.72
17.92

12.10
18.73

12.26
18.64

12.40
18.64

317.61
630.78

335.17
655.55

340.83
685.95

342.24
691.54

Amusement and recreation services
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

79
799
7991
7997

8.29
7.46
7.87
7.52

8.54
7.55
7.69
7.64

7.98
7.44
7.81
7.59

8.22
7.68
7.84
7.75

218.03
190.23
140.09
215.07

225.46
191.77
133.04
215.45

209.87
192.70
144.49
220.87

218.65
198.14
147.39
220.10

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services

80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
808

10.57
10.82
10.32
9.14
7.37
6.73
11.97
8.84

10.62
10.89
10.31
9.15
7.39
6.76
12.04
8.94

11.10
11.28
10.71
9.57
7.63
7.05
12.73
9.51

11.11
11.25
10.68
9.63
7.65
7.03
12.72
9.54

342.47
340.83
292.06
271.46
235.84
208.63
406.98
223.65

345.15
345.21
292.80
271.76
237.96
210.24
410.56
228.86

362.97
363.22
303.09
286.14
249.50
224.19
435.37
252.97

359.96
358.88
301.18
284.09
243.27
218.63
433.75
248.04

Legal services

81

14.27

14.37

14.86

14.67

493.74

498.64

523.07

507.58

Social services:
Child day care services

835

6.10

6.12

6.42

6.37

182.39

181.76

191.32

189.83

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Engineering services
Architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping
Research and testing services
Management and public relations

87
871
8711
8712
872
873
874

13.73
14.96
15.50
13.87
12.39
14.30
12.48

13.78
15.04
15.57
13.97
12.35
14.37
12.55

14.36
15.79
16.37
14.73
12.75
14.96
13.05

14.22
15.79
16.36
14.67
12.46
14.96
12.75

508.01
584.94
612.25
522.90
458.43
514.80
435.55

509.86
586.56
613.46
522.48
453.25
517.32
443.02

538.50
620.55
646.62
567.11
483.23
549.03
463.28

527.56
612.65
639.68
551.59
466.00
546.04
450.08

Services, nee

89

14.17

14.08

15.44

15.59

514.37

513.92

569.74

Nov.
1991P

558.12

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and
guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing.
3
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.




4

Money payments only; tips, not included.
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are subject to
revision.
5

107

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missiles
and Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing

For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics average
hourly earning series for production workers in aircraft
manufacturing (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space
vehicles manufacturing (sic 3761) have been used to
escalate labor costs in contracts between aerospace
companies and their customers. Although the Bureau's
series by definition take account of traditional wage rate
changes, they do not capture "lump-sum payments to
workers in lieu of general wage increases" which were
negotiated in aerospace manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
Because of special circumstances in the aerospace

industry, BLS has calculated average hourly earnings
series for SIC 3721 and SIC 3761 which include lump-sum
payments. These series, beginning in October 1983, the
effective date of the first aerospace bargaining agreement
using lump-sum payments, were published in the June
1988 issue of Employment and Earnings. Current and year
earlier data are presented in table C-2a along with the
average hourly earnings series produced as part of the
Current Employment Statistics program. An explanation
of the methodology used to derive these series appears in
the Explanatory Notes of this publication.

C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing
Aircraft (SIC 3721)
Series

Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)

Sept.
1990

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Sept.
1990

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Average hourly earnings,
excluding lump-sum payments

$15.76

$15.89

$16.86

$17.15

$15.14

$14.95

$15.33

$15.36

Average hourly earnings,
including lump-sum payments

16.48

16.34

17.30

17.56

15.53

15.38

15.48

15.50

= preliminary.

108




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

10.46

$10.48

$10.73

$10.74

$10.78

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

10.99
8.77
8.34
10.57
12.34
10.48
11.36
10.05
13.70
11.06
8.29

10.98
8.76
8.38
10.62
12.39
10.48
11.41
10.08
13.58
11.05
8.35

11.33
9.00
8.54
10.77
12.75
10.79
11.68
10.39
14.29
11.31
8.57

11.33
8.98
8.54
10.76
12.74
10.80
11.71
10.33
14.30
11.36
8.52

11.36

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Pubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

9.74
9.02
15.31
7.76
6.50
11.75
10.90
13.04
15.29
9.44
6.78

9.83
9.20
15.93
7.78
6.48
11.82
10.92
13.08
15.45
9.52
6.82

9.97
9.26
15.71
7.96
6.67
12.04
11.18
13.45
15.94
9.68
6.96

9.98
9.32
15.79
7.95
6.62
12.07
11.19
13.49
15.95
9.69
6.98

$10.05
(2)

Industry

Manufacturing

1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.




Oct.
1990

/2\
/2\

( )

(2)
(2)
/2\
/2\
/2\

/2\

/2\
/2\
/2\
(2)
/2\
/2\
(2)
(2)

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are
subject to revision.

109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
Average hourly earnings
Industry

Average weekly earnings

Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

$10.14
7.45

$10.16
7.45

$10.46
7.50

$10.44
7.47

$10.46

$347.80 $348.49 $362.96 $359.14 $358.78
255.55 255.49 260.19 257.08

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

13.73
10.09

13.82
10.13

14.35
10.29

14.12
10.11

$14.20

612.36
449.93

621.90
455.94

642.88
460.85

631.16
451.80

$630.48

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

13.97
10.26

13.87
10.17

14.15
10.14

14.14
10.12

$13.95

530.86
390.05

529.83
388.44

551.85
395.59

552.87
395.76

$524.52

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

10.94
8.04

10.96
8.04

11.27
8.08

11.25
8.05

$11.30

447.45
328.77

447.17
327.84

466.58
334.47

462.38
330.98

$465.56

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

13.08
9.61

13.09
9.60

13.32
9.55

13.29
9.51

$13.34

506.20
371.93

507.89
372.35

520.81
373.34

515.65
369.11

$514.92

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

10.86
7.98

10.93
8.01

11.24
8.06

11.18
8.00

$11.25

413.77
304.02

415.34
304.50

431.62
309.41

427.08
305.71

$428.63

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

6.83
5.02

6.86
5.03

7.07
5.07

7.07
5.06

$7.12

193.97
142.52

194.82
142.83

203.62
145.96

201.50
144.24

$202.92

10.08
7.41

10.12
7.42

10.53
7.55

10.48
7.50

$10.53

357.84
262.92

360.27
264.13

380.13
272.49

372.04
266.31

$374.87

9.96
7.32

10.02
7.35

10.33
7.41

10.33
7.39

$10.39

322.70
237.11

324.65
238.01

336.76
241.41

334.69
239.58

$336.64

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.

110




Oct.
1990

Nov.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Nov.
1991P

NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1990 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1991

1990
Industry
Nov.

Total private
Mining

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

Nov.1

34.4

34.6

34.1

34.3

34.2

34.0

34.3

34.6

34.1

34.3

34.5

34.3

34.4

44.9

44.8

44.4

44.9

44.6

44.3

44.9

45.0

43.9

44.5

44.1

44.2

44.1

40.6
3.5
41.1
3.5
39.5
38.5
41.8
42.7
43.6
40.8
41.8
40.7
41.1
41.0
41.0
39.6

40.7
3.5
41.2
3.6
40.0
38.8
42.0
42.3
43.2
41.1
42.1
40.7
41.5
41.5
41.2
39.3

40.4
3.4
40.8
3.3
39.4
38.5
41.0
42.0
42.6
40.6
41.6
40.3
41.5
41.4
40.8
39.0

40.3
3.3
40.7
3.2
39.3
37.5
41.7
41.5
41.5
40.7
41.5
40.5
41.0
40.9
41.0
39.3

40.3
3.3
40.6
3.2
39.2
38.2
41.3
41.4
41.8
40.6
41.5
40.2
40.8
40.5
40.9
39.3

40.2
3.3
40.7
3.3
39.2
38.9
41.3
41.4
41.3
40.7
41.3
40.6
41.0
41.3
40.8
39.2

40.4
3.4
40.8
3.3
39.7
38.9
41.5
41.6
41.8
40.8
41.2
40.6
41.2
41.5
40.8
39.3

40.8
3.7
41.3
3.7
40.6
39.3
42.0
42.3
42.6
41.2
41.8
40.7
42.1
42.9
41.0
39.7

40.7
3.7
41.2
3.7
40.0
39.2
41.9
42.6
43.1
41.3
41.6
40.7
42.3
43.6
40.6
39.6

41.0
3.8
41.4
3.8
40.2
39.1
41.6
43.0
43.9
41.6
42.0
40.8
42.4
43.3
41.0
40.1

41.0
3.7
41.5
3.7
40.5
39.1
42.0
42.8
43.7
41.7
42.1
40.7
42.3
43.0
41.3
40.2

40.9
3.7
41.3
3.7
40.0
39.1
41.8
42.7
43.6
41.6
41.8
40.5
42.5
43.1
40.9
39.9

40.9
3.8
41.3
3.7
40.5
38.7
41.4
42.4
43.0
41.3
41.9
41.1
42.2
42.2
41.1
39.7

39.9
3.6
40.7
(2)
39.3
36.3
43.5
37.8
42.6
(2)
40.8
36.8

40.0
3.6
40.9
(2)
39.4
36.6
43.5
37.8
42.9
(2)
41.0

39.9
3.4
40.7
2
()
39.4
36.3
43.0
37.7
42.6
(2)
40.8
36.9

39.8
3.4
40.6
(2)
39.2
36.5
43.0
37.6
42.4
(2)
40.6
37.2

39.9
3.4
40.6
(2)
39.4
36.6
43.2
37.6
42.7
(2)
40.6

39.7
3.4
40.3
2
()
39.6
36.4
42.9
37.5
42.4
(2)
40.7

40.1
3.7
40.4

36.9
43.2
37.8
42.8
(2)
41.1

40.1
3.7
40.4
(2)
41.0
37.0
43.5
37.6
42.6
(2)
41.1

40.4
3.8
40.5
(2)
41.4
37.3
43.5
37.8
43.2
(2)
41.4

40.4
3.9
40.8
(2)
41.5
37.2
43.7
38.0
43.4
(2)
41.3

37.1

37.6

37.7

37.3

40.3
3.7
40.6
(2)
41.3
37.3
43.4
37.6
43.2
(2)
41.2
37.7

40.4
3.8
40.7
(2)
41.3
37.4
43.4
37.8
43.2
(2)
41.4

37.1

39.9
3.5
40.3
(2)
40.2
36.7
43.0
37.5
42.5
(2)
40.9
37.2

37.1

38.1

38.7

38.6

38.6

38.6

37.9

37.9

38.1

38.1

28.3

28.6

28.5

28.8

32.4

32.5

Construction
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade

38.0

Retail trade

37.3

38.7

28.7

38.8
38.6

39.0

38.4
37.9

38.4

38.7

38.4

37.9

38.2
38.2

28.7
28.6

28.7

38.9

38.9

38.2
38.1

38.3

(2)
40.8

28.4

32.4

32.2

28.8

28.9

28.4

28.6

32.7

32.2

32.4

Finance, insurance, and real estate

Services

32.5

32.8

32.2

32.5

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular




32.5

32.6

components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1987 forward are
subject to revision.

Ill

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1982 = 100)
1990

1991

Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

Total private

122.9

123.3

121.3

121.5

120.9

120.0

121.2

122.1

120.7

121.5

122.3

121.5

121.4

Goods-producing

106.8

106.7

104.4

104.0

102.7

102.5

103.2

103.8

103.8

104.4

104.4

104.1

102.9

65.3

65.3

64.9

65.4

65.0

64.3

64.4

64.2

62.5

62.2

60.9

60.6

60.1

Construction

132.9

132.6

125.0

126.9

123.2

122.7

124.4

124.4

123.8

123.3

124.9

124.4

118.6

Manufacturing

104.0

103.9

102.7

101.6

100.9

100.7

101.2

102.0

102.3

103.2

102.9

102.6

102.5

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

102.1
123.6
118.0
106.4
91.4
83.1
104.4
95.2
103.7
111.8
110.3
85.2
100.2

102.0
123.5
117.4
106.2
90.3
81.8
104.6
95.3
103.1
112.5
115.8
85.4
99.4

100.4
120.5
115.9
102.1
89.0
79.1
103.2
93.8
101.5
111.2
114.8
84.8
98.0

98.8
118.6
111.7
102.4
86.6
74.7
100.8
93.0
101.1
108.0
108.7
84.8
98.0

97.8
117.0
112.6
99.9
85.7
74.7
99.9
92.5
99.7
106.3
108.1
84.8
96.9

97.9
117.4
115.3
100.1
85.4
74.1
100.0
91.3
100.7
107.3
113.0
83.9
96.3

98.4
119.7
115.6
100.4
85.8
74.7
100.4
90.5
101.1
109.5
118.6
83.4
96.2

99.4
122.4
117.1
101.6
86.7
75.7
101.6
91.2
101.3
111.0
121.8
83.3
97.1

99.6
121.3
115.5
101.6
87.8
76.2
102.1
90.3
101.4
113.9
128.6
82.3
98.4

100.3
122.1
116.5
101.6
88.8
78.0
102.9
91.3
101.5
114.7
128.6
82.6
99.2

100.0
122.4
116.5
102.6
87.9
77.7
103.1
91.3
100.6
113.5
126.6
82.6
99.5

99.4
121.5
116.2
102.1
87.1
76.7
102.5
90.2
100.0
113.3
125.7
81.5
99.9

99.0
123.0
114.7
99.9
85.8
74.9
101.5
89.5
101.2
112.8
125.1
82.4
99.4

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

106.7
110.3
70.7
95.0
91.0
110.5
126.4
104.1
90.3
125.1

106.7
111.2
70.9
94.2
91.3
110.2
126.0
104.2
85.6
124.8

105.9
110.8
71.8
93.7
89.9
109.9
125.1
103.4
84.5
123.4

105.5
111.0
70.7
92.3
90.3
109.9
124.4
102.8
85.9
121.6

105.2
111.0
67.2
92.3
90.5
109.7
123.5
103.1
86.3
119.7

104.5
109.6
66.2
93.0
89.8
108.6
122.8
102.4
87.0
119.6

105.2
110.0
69.3
95.2
91.2
108.8
122.1
101.6
88.4
121.1

105.8
110.4
68.8
96.8
92.1
108.9
122.7
101.9
86.2
122.1

106.0
109.0
69.7
98.0
94.2
109.7
122.6
100.9
85.4
122.5

107.2
111.4
74.5
98.7
94.5
110.5
122.9
102.9
86.4
124.1

107.0
111.3
71.1
98.5
94.7
110.2
122.6
102.4
86.3
123.7

107.1
111.1
69.0
99.0
95.5
110.0
122.8
102.5
84.5
124.7

107.3
111.4
65.3
99.3
95.1
111.0
123.2
103.0
81.4
124.4

58.5

58.3

57.4

57.0

55.9

55.3

55.4

56.0

57.3

56.1

56.8

55.3

56.8

130.1

130.7

128.9

129.4

129.0

127.9

129.3

130.3

128.2

129.2

130.3

129.3

129.7

115.2

116.1

115.3

114.3

114.1

113.3

114.7

114.8

113.5

114.5

115.3

114.5

114.7

115.8

115.8

114.7

114.2

114.3

113.4

114.2

114.5

112.9

113.4

113.6

113.1

112.9

122.7

122.3

120.3

121.1

120.6

119.3

120.6

121.5

119.3

120.1

120.9

119.2

119.7

120.2

121.6

120.4

120.2

119.9

118.3

119.7

121.3

117.9

119.0

120.4

118.1

119.3

146.7

148.1

145.8

146.9

146.5

145.4

147.1

148.5

146.4

147.8

149.2

148.9

149.3

Mining

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.

112




Nov.

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1990 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1987 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1

C-7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1991

1990
Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

Nov.1

Average hourly earnings
$10.13 $10.17 $10.18 $10.20 $10.24 $10.28 $10.32 $10.37 $10.36 $10.40 $10.41 $10.40 $10.44

Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime2
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Services
3

Total private (in constant dollars)

9.98

13.89
13.87
10.99
10.54
13.11
11.00
6.84
10.22
10.03

14.04
13.95
11.02
10.58
13.15
11.00
6.86
10.17
10.03

13.99
13.97
11.03
10.59
13.13
11.05
6.87
10.22
10.07

14.03
13.97
11.05
10.61
13.16
11.07
6.90
10.32
10.13

14.05
14.05
11.12
10.65
13.19
11.08
6.97
10.28
10.16

14.13
14.00
11.15
10.70
13.24
11.12
6.98
10.35
10.24

14.30
13.98
11.19
10.71
13.23
11.23
7.01
10.50
10.29

14.24
14.01
11.22
10.74
13.26
11.14
7.03
10.40
10.25

14.27
14.07
11.25
10.76
13.30
11.22
7.04
10.47
10.30

14.34
14.04
11.25
10.76
13.27
11.23
7.05
10.55
10.32

14.22
14.03
11.26
10.77
13.25
11.20
7.06
10.48
10.29

7.43

7.44

7.42

7.43

7.46

7.47

7.47

7.49

7.47

7.49

7.47

7.46

13.88
13.85
10.96
10.50
13.07
10.93

6.83
10.12

14.29
13.94
11.30
10.80
13.33
11.25
7.10
10.54
10.35

Average weekly earnings
Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1982) dollars3

348.47 351.88 347.14 349.86 350.21 349.52 353.98 358.80 353.28 356.72 359.15 356.72 359.14
255.66 257.41 253.02 254.81 255.07 253.83 256.32 259.25 254.89 257.00 257.82 255.90

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time
and one-half.
3
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical




Workers (CPI-W) is used
4
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment
1990 benchmark levels.
all seasonally adjusted
revision.

to deflate these series.

survey estimates are currently projected from March
When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
data from January 1987 forward are subject to

113

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

41.2
40.7
43.5

41.4
41.2
42.6

41.1
40.7
43.2

$9.52
9.78
11.15

$9.80
10.18
11.58

41.1

43.7

41.4

13.55

Arizona

40.3

40.9

41.1

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

41.3
40.6
41.1
41.5
43.0

42.0
38.8
40.8
42.7
41.9

41.6
40.6
40.7
42.6
42.3

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

40.6
41.3
39.9
40.5
41.0
39.3
41.0
42.2
39.9
40.2
38.6
40.7
39.6
40.4
41.0
38.8
40.1
40.4

40.8
40.8
40.5
39.5
41.1
41.3
41.4
40.7
40.3
41.1
39.9
40.6
40.1
42.0
41.0
38.2
42.1
42.5

Colorado
Denver

41.2
40.3

Connecticut

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

$9.78
10.17
11.93

$392.22
398.05
485.03

$405.72
419.42
493.31

$401.96
413.92
515.38

12.46

13.01

556.90

544.50

538.61

10.32

10.88

10.77

415.90

444.99

442.65

8.56
7.74
8.83
9.02
10.75

8.89
8.35
9.06
9.16
10.62

8.90
8.30
9.11
9.12
10.62

353.53
314.24
362.91
374.33
462.25

373.38
323.98
369.65
391.13
444.98

370.24
336.98
370.78
388.51
449.23

40.8
40.3
40.5
40.9
41.1
39.7
41.1
39.9
41.5
39.6
39.6
40.8
40.8
42.5
41.2
38.6
40.5
42.5

11.56
11.61
12.45
9.55
11.07
10.64
13.71
10.91
10.36
12.10
11.83
11.68
12.84
13.85
11.93
11.36
11.09
13.67

11.96
11.98
12.78
10.03
11.40
11.38
13.96
10.98
10.78
12.50
11.14
11.97
12.94
14.27
12.53
11.93
11.46
13.78

11.93
12.00
12.70
9.94
11.36
11.35
14.02
10.90
10.85
12.64
11.32
12.08
12.93
14.36
12.47
11.83
11.29
13.95

469.34
479.49
496.76
386.78
453.87
418.15
562.11
460.40
413.36
486.42
456.64
475.38
508.46
559.54
489.13
440.77
444.71
552.27

487.97
488.78
517.59
396.19
468.54
469.99
577.94
446.89
434.43
513.75
444.49
485.98
518.89
599.34
513.73
455.73
482.47
585.65

486.74
483.60
514.35
406.55
466.90
450.60
576.22
434.91
450.28
500.54
448.27
492.86
527.54
610.30
513.76
456.64
457.25
592.88

39.5
41.4

38.7
40.1

11.23
12.54

11.47
12.69

11.45
12.62

462.68
505.36

453.07
525.37

443.12
506.06

41.9
41.6
42.0
42.4
40.9
41.1
42.9

41.9
41.4
42.6
42.1
41.2
40.8
42.7

41.8
41.6
42.6
42.6
41.2
40.9
41.9

11.62
12.21
12.47
12.42
11.14
12.30
10.74

12.11
12.87
13.09
12.21
11.53
12.20
11.36

12.13
12.85
13.12
12.43
11.61
11.94
11.20

486.88
507.94
523.74
526.61
455.63
505.53
460.75

507.41
532.82
557.63
514.04
475.04
497.76
485.07

507.03
534.56
558.91
529.52
478.33
488.35
469.28

Delaware
Wilmington

41.0
41.4

42.0
42.3

43.1
43.3

12.16
14.68

12.49
14.65

12.67
14.95

498.56
607.75

524.58
619.70

546.08
647.34

District of Columbia:
Washington MSA

39.3

39.2

39.3

12.59

13.12

13.13

494.79

514.30

516.01

Florida
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Jacksonville
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

40.2
40.5
41.5
39.7
40.9
43.2
39.3
39.4

41.0
41.5
40.3
39.5
39.9
42.6
41.5
40.6

41.0
41.6
40.8
38.8
40.1
43.3
41.3
40.3

9.02
9.32
9.51
7.55

9.32
9.52
9.70
7.78

9.32

10.29

10.29

11.47

11.80

9.22

9.65

9.99

9.91

9.46
9.67
7.77
10.29
11.82
9.55
10.02

362.60
377.46
394.67
299.74
420.86
495.50
362.35
393.61

382.12
395.08
390.91
307.31
410.57
502.68
400.48
402.35

382.12
393.54
394.54
301.48
412.63
511.81
394.42
403.81

Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah

40.5
41.1
45.3

41.2
40.9
47.9

41.3
41.3
47.2

9.25
10.69
11.67

9.61
11.21
11.87

9.64
11.21
11.77

374.63
439.36
528.65

395.93
458.49
568.57

398.13
462.97
555.54

Hawaii
Honolulu

41.0
39.1

41.0
39.0

40.6
38.3

10.90
11.36

11.36
11.82

11.31
11.77

446.90
444.18

465.76
460.98

459.19
450.79

Idaho

37.4

40.5

39.5

11.09

462.11

440.03

Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile

Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

See footnotes at end of table.

114




Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Average weekly earnings

11.14

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

41.8
41.7
46.5
40.5
41.6
41.2
43.4
41.3
42.2
40.2
43.7
41.9
40.0

41.0
41.3
41.8
44.2
40.8
41.0
44.3
41.7
42.6
40.8
44.3
42.2
36.7

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

41.4
40.4
34.8
38.6
42.0
40.3
43.3
42.0
41.9
42.1
46.3
41.7
42.3

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

41.0
41.3
39.5
43.8
41.0
41.4
44.2
41.9
43.6
40.6
45.2
41.7
39.1

$11.51
11.42
14.24
9.95
11.21
13.45
14.87
13.16
12.09
11.50
14.14
12.51
10.82

$11.75
11.55
13.93
10.49
11.51
13.69
14.67
13.50
12.25
11.74
14.92
12.79
11.29

42.2
43.0
39.5
40.0
43.7
41.7
42.9
42.4
42.7
41.9
44.4
42.1
43.7

41.8
40.0
38.6
40.1
43.3
41.7
43.5
41.2
40.0
41.1
44.8
41.1
44.2

12.22
16.01
10.60
10.03
12.24
12.48
16.47
12.66
17.16
12.51
13.39
11.49
10.84

40.7
39.1
40.4
41.1
42.5

41.2
40.9
42.8
40.8
41.1

40.6
38.1
41.9
40.0
40.2

Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

40.8
39.0
41.2

40.2
40.1
40.2

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville

40.2
41.4
42.2

Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

$11.76
11.57
13.90
10.51
11.55
13.64
14.91
13.47
12.40
11.75
15.11
12.79
11.26

$481.12
476.21
662.16
402.98
466.34
554.14
645.36
543.51
510.20
462.30
617.92
524.17
432.80

$481.75
477.02
582.27
463.66
469.61
561.29
649.88
562.95
521.85
478.99
660.96
539.74
414.34

$482.16
477.84
549.05
460.34
473.55
564.70
659.02
564.39
540.64
477.05
682.97
533.34
440.27

12.56
16.97
11.78
10.44
12.71
13.06
16.25
13.29
16.83
12.64
13.81
11.70
10.86

12.46
16.37
11.68
10.29
12.77
13.19
16.45
13.18
16.31
12.53
14.04
11.90
10.30

505.91
646.80
368.88
387.16
514.08
502.94
713.15
531.72
719.00
526.67
619.96
479.13
458.53

530.03
729.71
465.31
417.60
555.43
544.60
697.13
563.50
718.64
529.62
613.16
492.57
474.58

520.83
654.80
450.85
412.63
552.94
550.02
715.58
543.02
652.40
514.98
628.99
489.09
455.26

11.35
13.84
12.37
12.09
9.01

11.72
14.78
12.68
12.05
9.68

11.65
14.18
12.84
11.93
9.54

461.95
541.14
499.75
496.90
382.93

482.86
604.50
542.70
491.64
397.85

472.99
540.26
538.00
477.20
383.51

40.0
39.6
40.4

11.10
12.59
12.52

11.38
13.26
12.88

11.42
13.20
13.20

452.88
491.01
515.82

457.48
531.73
517.78

456.80
522.72
533.28

40.7
41.2
42.0

40.4
42.0
41.2

10.81
11.53
12.28

10.97
11.33
12.76

11.02
11.46
12.72

434.56
477.34
518.22

446.48
466.80
535.92

445.21
481.32
524.06

43.2
44.6
42.1
42.6

43.2
44.4
41.9
42.1

43.8
44.6
42.8
41.1

11.65
14.18
11.12
12.40

11.88
13.93
11.55
12.77

11.88
13.74
11.45
12.61

503.28
632.43
468.15
528.24

513.22
618.49
483.95
537.62

520.34
612.80
490.06
518.27

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

40.2
38.9
38.0

41.1
41.4
38.6

40.4
41.2
39.0

10.81
9.34
10.53

11.12
8.94
10.37

11.10
9.27
10.43

434.56
363.33
400.14

457.03
370.12
400.28

448.44
381.92
406.77

Maryland
Baltimore MSA

41.1
41.2

41.3
42.2

40.9
41.5

11.62
12.03

12.20
12.88

11.99
12.56

477.58
495.64

503.86
543.54

490.39
521.24

Massachusetts
Boston
Springfield
Worcester

40.4
40.3
41.2
41.2

41.3
40.7
41.9
42.5

41.0
40.3
42.0
42.0

11.54
12.20
10.90
11.21

11.74
12.55
11.38
11.24

11.78
12.57
11.49
11.01

466.22
491.66
449.08
461.85

484.86
510.79
476.82
477.70

482.98
506.57
482.58
462.42

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

42.9
44.0
43.4
43.7
42.9
41.9
42.3
43.2
44.8
40.1
42.7

43.1
41.8
42.8
43.8
44.1
41.6
43.0
44.1
40.9
40.2
43.3

43.0
42.2
43.5
43.7
44.0
40.6
42.4
43.1
43.8
40.0
42.8

14.17
15.44
14.41
15.27
18.10
11.96
10.68
14.17
17.05
12.68
16.68

14.68
16.80
15.17
15.67
18.73
12.48
10.92
15.07
17.23
12.23
16.98

14.65
16.74
15.20
15.59
18.68
12.54
11.00
14.95
17.77
12.29
16.56

607.89
679.36
625.39
667.30
776.49
501.12
451.76
612.14
763.84
508.47
712.24

632.71
702.24
649.28
686.35
825.99
519.17
469.56
664.59
704.71
491.65
735.23

629.95
706.43
661.20
681.28
821.92
509.12
466.40
644.34
778.33
491.60
708.77

See footnotes at end of table.




115

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—-Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud

40.3
40.8
40.1
38.9

41.0
40.6
40.6
40.7

Mississippi
Jackson

39.1
39.7

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

40.9
41.2
42.0
39.7

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

40.4
38.7
40.3
38.9

$11.26
11.56
11.98
10.11

$11.54
11.38
12.34
10.25

40.7
41.0

40.2
40.4

8.47
9.39

41.3
41.3
42.7
41.6

40.7
41.2
43.3
41.2

Oct.
1991^

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991^

$11.62
11.52
12.30
10.21

$453.78
471.65
480.40
393.28

$473.14
462.03
501.00
417.18

$469.45
445.82
495.69
397.17

8.73
9.54

8.69
9.18

331.18
372.78

355.31
391.14

349.34
370.87

10.80
11.55
13.09
9.38

11.03
12.58
13.15
9.74

10.98
12.53
12.99
9.74

441.72
475.86
549.78
372.39

455.54
519.55
561.51
405.18

446.89
516.24
562.47
401.29

Montana

39.8

39.4

40.5

11.40

12.19

11.82

453.72

480.29

478.71

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

41.5
40.3
41.7

41.2
40.8
41.3

40.6
40.4
41.5

9.78
10.96
10.46

9.91
11.19
10.50

9.86
11.12
10.27

405.87
441.69
436.18

408.29
456.55
433.65

400.32
449.25
426.21

Nevada
Las Vegas

40.6
41.0

40.5
40.2

40.7
39.9

11.04
12.73

11.13
12.52

11.18
12.79

448.22
521.93

450.77
503.30

455.03
510.32

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester

40.1
40.9
40.0
40.7

42.4
41.9
43.1
41.8

41.5
41.6
42.0
41.3

10.83
10.74
13.99
9.99

10.86
11.11
12.91
10.74

10.80
11.17
12.99
10.60

434.28
439.27
559.60
406.59

460.46
465.51
556.42
448.93

448.20
464.67
545.58
437.78

New Jersey

41.3

41.7

41.4

11.75

12.37

12.36

485.28

515.83

511.70

New Mexico
Albuquerque

41.8
40.4

40.2
40.6

40.3
40.9

8.88
9.28

9.40
9.80

9.35
9.82

371.18
374.91

377.88
397.88

376.81
401.64

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

39.6
40.8
39.7
43.0
39.6
39.6
37.0
36.9
40.9
39.3
40.2
42.0
39.4
40.8
40.8
37.5

40.4
41.7
40.3
42.5
40.9
38.8
37.6
37.3
41.7
40.0
40.7
43.0
38.7
41.2
40.5
39.0

40.3
42.1
40.0
43.2
42.2
39.5
38.0
37.6
41.2
39.5
40.3
42.7
39.3
40.8
40.2
41.1

11.25
11.98
10.11
13.30
10.11
11.85
10.40
10.27
14.52
9.96
10.84
12.72
9.23
12.34
10.43
12.01

11.55
12.51
9.71
13.72
10.64
12.04
10.54
10.31
14.74
10.20
11.20
13.58
10.64
12.87
10.58
12.45

11.58
12.66
9.63
13.62
10.68
11.94
10.61
10.33
14.71
10.13
11.22
13.63
10.65
12.93
10.63
12.81

445.50
488.78
401.37
571.90
400.36
469.26
384.80
378.96
593.87
391.43
435.77
534.24
363.66
503.47
425.54
450.38

466.62
521.67
391.31
583.10
435.18
467.15
396.30
384.56
614.66
408.00
455.84
583.94
411.77
530.24
428.49
485.55

466.67
532.99
385.20
588.38
450.70
471.63
403.18
388.41
606.05
400.14
452.17
582.00
418.55
527.54
427.33
526.49

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

40.0
41.4
40.3
39.1
41.1

40.7
41.0
39.9
39.7
42.1

40.7
41.1
39.6
39.7
41.5

8.86
8.86
9.46
9.53
10.11

9.23
9.15
9.93
9.96
10.50

9.23
9.10
9.91
9.98
10.45

354.40
366.80
381.24
372.62
415.52

375.66
375.15
396.21
395.41
442.05

375.66
374.01
392.44
396.21
433.68

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead

40.7
42.0

38.9
39.6

40.1
40.7

8.77
8.53

9.60
8.92

9.46
9.04

356.94
358.26

373.44
353.23

379.35
367.93

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

42.6
42.8
42.3
43.1
42.9
42.1
42.5
43.1
43.4

43.1
43.0
42.7
43.2
42.3
42.6
43.4
43.6
44.6

43.1
43.0
41.8
43.8
42.7
42.3
43.0
43.2
44.7

12.85
12.13
11.48
12.21
12.29
12.61
13.67
13.52
15.30

13.34
12.42
11.32
12.68
12.76
13.07
14.29
14.19
16.04

13.40
12.40
11.41
12.90
12.77
13.13
14.37
14.19
15.98

547.41
519.16
485.60
526.25
527.24
530.88
580.98
582.71
664.02

574.95
534.06
483.36
547.78
539.75
556.78
620.19
618.68
715.38

577.54
533.20
476.94
565.02
545.28
555.40
617.91
613.01
714.31

See footnotes at end of table.

116



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—-Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

41.0
41.8
41.3

$10.52
11.16
11.35

$11.21
12.37
11.84

40.1
39.5
41.3
40.0
38.7

39.5
38.5
39.6
40.7
39.0

11.34
10.89
11.19
11.62
9.41

40.8
39.6
39.1
44.2
43.6
40.4
38.8
39.9
40.5
41.4
40.5
39.5
43.3
40.1
39.4
41.5

41.0
40.7
40.2
45.2
42.9
40.6
39.0
40.3
40.4
41.9
41.5
39.9
44.6
39.3
40.4
41.9

40.8
40.2
39.1
44.5
42.6
39.7
39.2
40.1
40.4
41.7
41.3
40.2
43.5
39.4
39.3
41.5

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

39.8
38.9
39.9

41.1
41.6
41.2

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

40.8
40.8
41.3
41.2

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Tennessee
Chattanooga

Average weekly earnings

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

$11.17
12.36
11.74

$434.48
474.30
474.43

$458.49
509.64
493.73

$457.97
516.65
484.86

11.52
11.43
11.31
11.93
9.42

11.51
11.25
11.46
11.96
9.35

453.60
411.64
431.93
467.12
351.93

461.95
451.49
467.10
477.20
364.55

454.65
433.13
453.82
486.77
364.65

11.14
11.05
9.49
11.28
11.88
11.13

11.55
11.66
9.42
11.58
12.03
11.60

11.56
11.58
9.62
11.56
11.93
11.52

8.82
11.07
12.05
11.46
11.54
9.74
12.15
10.07
9.60
10.75

9.09
11.33
12.55
11.95
12.16
10.24
12.63
10.26
10.71
11.30

9.04
11.37
12.53
12.00
12.09
10.19
12.55
10.33
10.71
11.30

454.51
437.58
371.06
498.58
517.97
449.65
342.22
441.69
488.03
474.44
467.37
384.73
526.10
403.81
378.24
446.13

473.55
474.56
378.68
523.42
516.09
470.96
354.51
456.60
507.02
500.71
504.64
408.58
563.30
403.22
432.68
473.47

471.65
465.52
376.14
514.42
508.22
457.34
354.37
455.94
506.21
500.40
499.32
409.64
545.93
407.00
420.90
468.95

40.8
41.7
41.1

9.56
9.14
9.46

9.64
8.95
9.90

9.70
8.99
9.82

380.49
355.55
377.45

396.20
372.32
407.88

395.76
374.88
403.60

41.3
40.6
42.0
41.2

41.2
41.1
41.9
41.2

8.96
9.15
9.07
8.91

9.20
9.52
9.52
9.28

9.22
9.53
9.55
9.32

365.57
373.32
374.59
367.09

379.96
386.51
399.84
382.34

379.86
391.68
400.14
383.98

41.8
41.0
43.1

41.9
41.6
41.7

40.5
40.9
41.8

8.56
9.17
8.85

8.83
9.50
9.16

8.86
9.50
9.00

357.81
375.97
381.44

369.98
395.20
381.97

358.83
388.55
376.20

38.9
41.0
39.4
39.2
40.6
40.2

39.8
41.5
40.4
40.7
40.7
42.2

39.7
41.4
40.2
41.1
40.8
42.1

9.62
8.79
9.97
9.32
9.60
11.18

9.95
10.17
10.97
9.94
10.18
11.25

9.96
10.04
10.98
10.04
10.10
11.09

374.22
360.39
392.82
365.34
389.76
449.44

396.01
422.06
443.19
404.56
414.33
474.75

395.41
415.66
441.40
412.64
412.08
466.89

Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio

41.9
41.9
40.9
44.7
41.1

42.7
42.0
42.9
44.5
41.4

42.2
41.2
42.4
44.0
40.6

10.54
10.41
11.36
12.17
7.84

10.95
10.74
11.96
12.56
8.34

10.94
10.75
11.90
12.58
8.19

441.63
436.18
464.62
544.00
322.22

467.57
451.08
513.08
558.92
345.28

461.67
442.90
504.56
553.52
332.51

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden

40.0
40.1

40.7
40.5

40.4
40.4

10.35
10.48

10.77
10.88

10.79
10.97

414.00
420.25

438.34
440.64

435.92
443.19

Vermont
Burlington

41.4
40.1

41.6
42.4

41.7
41.7

10.64
11.21

10.95
11.42

11.06
11.47

440.50
449.52

455.52
484.21

461.20
478.30

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

40.1
35.4
42.9
40.4
40.0
40.4
43.3
41.2

41.3
40.9
41.8
42.8
41.4
39.7
42.6
42.3

40.9
39.8
42.5
42.5
39.1
39.4
42.4
41.5

10.20
8.94
9.67
9.83
11.40
13.35
11.98

10.44
8.51
9.23
9.95
11.95
13.71
12.48

10.47
8.54
9.36
9.87
9.97
11.85
13.61
12.58

409.02
310.81
383.53
390.67
393.20
460.56
578.06
493.58

431.17
348.06
385.81
417.30
411.93
474.42
584.05
527.90

428.22
339.89
397.80
419.48
389.83
466.89
577.06
522.07

Washington

40.5

40.3

40.2

12.68

13.30

13.43

513.54

535.99

539.89

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

41.3
42.5
41.8

40.9
41.2
41.7

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem

40.0
37.8
38.6
40.2
37.4

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon

State College
Williamsport
York

Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

8.78

9.75

See footnotes at end of table.




117

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

40.4
45.5
39.5
40.8
46.3

$11.74
13.79
14.04
13.69
13.92

$11.84
14.03
13.86
14.23
15.01

42.3
43.9
45.8
42.3
43.7
41.2
40.9
43.8
42.1
40.2
45.3
44.5

41.7
42.8
45.4
43.5
44.0
40.8
41.1
42.1
41.8
40.8
44.0
43.3

11.18
11.99
11.78
11.76
14.64
11.59
10.12
10.37
11.94
11.86
10.92
11.21

39.4

39.4

10.21

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

40.5
44.8
41.4
41.6
42.8

40.7
43.9
40.4
41.3
47.3

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

41.6
43.2
43.5
42.4
44.6
40.1
41.9
41.0
41.6
39.9
44.4
43.1

Wyoming

39.5

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

$11.72
13.50
13.96
14.01
14.28

$475.47
617.79
581.26
569.50
595.78

$481.89
615.92
559.94
587.70
709.97

$473.49
614.25
551.42
571.61
661.16

11.48
12.14
12.36
12.32
14.33
11.99
9.48
10.93
12.61
12.04
11.37
11.35

11.55
12.27
12.45
12.40
14.19
12.17
10.49
10.85
12.51
11.84
11.54
11.39

465.09
517.97
512.43
498.62
652.94
464.76
424.03
425.17
496.70
473.21
484.85
483.15

485.60
532.95
566.09
521.14
626.22
493.99
387.73
478.73
530.88
484.01
515.06
505.08

481.64
525.16
565.23
539.40
624.36
496.54
431.14
456.79
522.92
483.07
507.76
493.19

11.38

10.71

403.30

448.37

421.97

Puerto Rico

39.2

39.3

39.7

6.12

6.39

6.43

239.90

251.13

255.27

Virgin Islands

42.2

41.9

41.2

11.93

12.37

12.52

503.45

518.30

515.82

1

Not available.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

p

118



publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1990
benchmarks.

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Industry

Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government

Sept.
199V

Oct.
1991r




Nov.
1991 P

Nov. 1990
to
Nov. 1991 P

Sept. 1991
to
Oct. 1991 r

Oct. 1991
to
Nov. 1991 P

202,102

201,267

200,089

-1.3

-0.4

-0.6

165,155

164,015

163,912

-1.2

-.7

-.1

1,574
9,359
39,172
22,616
16,556
11,821
12,016
28,961
12,609
49,645

1,564
9,303
39,048
22,478
16,570
11,745
11,972
28,594
12,364
49,425

1,554
8,947
38,993
22,406
16,588
11,722
11,951
28,728
12,487
49,530

-6.6
-9.9
-1.8
-3.1
.1
-1.0
-2.1
-1.9
-.6
1.6

-.6
-.6
-.3
-.6
.1
-.6
-.4
-1.3
-1.9
-.4

-.6
-3.8
-.1
-.3
.1
-.2
-.2
.5
1.0
.2

36,946

37,252

36,176

-1.9

1
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
p
= preliminary.
' = revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees-—production workers,

120

Percent change

-2.9

nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2285,
chapter 10, Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
(1982 = 100)
Quarterly index

Annual average

1989

Item
1989

1991

1990

1990
IV

IV

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

112.8
135.8
120.4
133.0
103.5
118.0
133.1
122.8

112.4
136.1
121.1
138.4
102.2
123.1
136.6
127.5

113.0
135.6
120.0
131.8
104.4
116.6
130.9
121.2

113.1
135.9
120.1
132.8
103.6
117.3
133.4
122.5

112.8
136.1
120.7
133.4
103.2
118.3
133.8
123.3

112.2
135.5
120.7
134.2
102.9
119.6
134.4
124.3

112.0
136.0
121.3
135.7
102.2
121.1
135.5
125.8

112.4
136.4
121.3
137.7
102.7
122.5
137.0
127.2

112.7
136.5
121.2
139.4
102.3
123.7
137.5
128.2

112.3
135.4
120.5
140.6
101.4
125.2
136.5
128.8

112.3
133.7
119.1
142.0
101.5
126.4
138.4
130.3

112.2
133.6
119.1
143.6
102.1
128.0
139.8
131.8

112.8
134.5
119.2
144.8
102.3
128.4
140.0
132.1

111.9
136.7
122.2
132.1
102.8
118.1
133.8
123.0

111.2
136.9
123.1
137.2
101.3
123.4
137.1
127.7

112.1
136.4
121.7
131.0
103.7
116.9
131.1
121.4

112.1
136.8
122.1
131.7
102.7
117.5
134.0
122.7

111.9
137.1
122.5
132.4
102.5
118.3
134.7
123.5

111.3
136.3
122.5
133.3
102.2
119.8
135.3
124.7

111.0
136.8
123.3
134.6
101.3
121.3
135.7
125.8

111.3
137.2
123.3
136.6
101.8
122.7
137.4
127.3

111.5
137.4
123.2
138.2
101.4
124.0
138.0
128.4

111.2
136.1
122.4
139.5
100.6
125.4
137.5
129.2

111.2
134.5
120.9
140.9
100.8
126.7
139.3
130.7

111.2
134.3
120.8
142.5
101.4
128.2
140.2
132.0

111.8
135.3
121.0
143.8
101.5
128.6
140.8
132.4

133.3

133.1
146.0
109.8
128.4

136.0
147.5

136.6
141.6
103.6
134.6
96.3

137.9
142.4
103.2
97.1

139.3
144.7
103.9
137.7
97.2

95.0

99.4
96.5

96.3

138.0
148.8
107.8
132.5
97.2
96.1

137.2

97.3
96.5

133.4
145.3
108.9
128.9
98.8
96.6

134.7

99.3
95.8

133.1
147.1
110.5
126.6
100.2
95.1

133.8

109.8
127.7

136.6
147.0
107.6
131.8

98.6

99.0

98.8

145.6

150.6
161.4

146.3
162.2

146.2
161.0

145.7
159.1

147.3
159.7

149.9
162.6

153.0
164.3

153.9

110.2
127.4

109.2

108.4

101.8

135.7

137.1

98.6
87.2

98.0
87.7

96.5
87.0

129.8
96.8
86.5

107.4
131.5
96.5

101.5

127.8

108.5
128.1

150.8
153.5
101.8
133.7

152.0
154.3

110.9

151.4
159.1
105.1

95.6

96.8
89.0

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

146.4

147.1
110.0

127.1
99.1

145.9
108.4

129.3
97.3
96.0

108.5
131.0
97.7

145.7

106.2
133.8

96.5
97.5

136.6

Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

161.0
110.6

107.2

144.3
161.7
112.1
125.2
99.1

86.8

125.7
98.1
86.0

118.1
127.7
108.1
133.8
98.8
113.2

117.9
127.6
108.2
128.4
101.7
108.9

116.9
127.1
108.7
129.0
100.7
110.4

115.5
126.1
109.2
129.8
100.5
112.4

116.9
126.9
108.5
130.6
100.1
111.7

117.9
127.6
108.2
131.3
98.8
111.3

114.6
140.6
122.8
134.2
99.1
116.3
117.1
114.3
139.5
117.8

114.6
139.5
121.7
128.2
101.5
110.1
111.9
105.4
158.4
113.1

114.9
140.3
122.1
128.9
100.6
110.9
112.2
107.5
158.4
113.9

115.6
141.5
122.4
129.7
100.4
111.5
112.1
109.8
154.4
114.2

114.5
140.4
122.6
130.3
99.9
113.2
113.9
111.5
142.5
115.0

114.0
140.5
123.2
131.2
98.8
114.3
115.1
112.4
142.9
116.1

126.5
98.5
86.9

130.7
96.5
86.8

116.7
126.9
108.7
129.4
100.7
110.8

115.1
140.4
122.1
129.5
100.7
111.4
112.5
108.6
153.4
114.0

132.8
95.7

156.8

86.0

87.7

88.7

96.5
89.2

117.4
127.4
108.5
133.1
99.2
113.4

118.1
128.0
108.4
134.4
98.6
113.8

118.7
127.8
107.7
135.8
97.9
114.4

118.2
125.7
106.3
136.8
97.8
115.7

119.6
126.4
105.7
138.6
98.6
115.9

120.4
128.7
106.9
139.4
98.4
115.8

114.8
141.4
123.2
133.7
99.7
115.4
116.5
112.6
149.1
117.5

114.6
141.1
123.1
135.2
99.2
117.1
118.0
114.8
138.6
118.5

114.6
139.6
121.8
136.4
98.4
118.6
119.0
117.3
127.5
119.1

114.3
137.3
120.1
137.7
98.4
120.5
120.4
120.8
125.3
120.8

114.5
137.3
119.9
139.2
99.0
121.5
121.6
121.1
129.9
122.0

O
O
O
O
O
O
O
(1)
O
O

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator
1

Not available.




SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

121

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted annual rates
Percent change from
Previous quarter

Item

Same quarter, previous year

IV
1990

I
1991

1991

1991

1990

1990

-1.2
-3.4
-2.1
3.3
-3.4
4.6
-3.0
2.0

0.0
-4.7
-4.7
4.0
.5
4.1
5.7
4.6

-0.5
-.5
.0
4.6
2.4
5.1
3.9
4.7

2.3
2.9
.6
3.5
.5
1.2
.8
1.1

-0.6
.3
1.0
3.7
-.8
4.4
2.7
3.8

-0.1
.3
.4
4.5
-.9
4.6

-.8
-3.6
-2.8
3.7
-3.0
4.6
-1.5
2.5

.0
-4.8
-4.9
4.2
.7
4.2
5.2
4.5

-.3
-.4
-.1
4.6
2.5
4.9
2.8
4.2

2.4
3.0
.6
3.5
.5
1.1
1.7
1.3

-1.9
-1.1

-2.2
-8.1
-6.0
3.7
-3.0
6.0

-1.8
-10.8
-9.1
2.6
-.9
4.5

3.9
2.2
-1.6
5.9
3.7
1.9

4.0
6.8
2.7
3.2
.2
-.7

7.4
7.3
-.1
5.3
1.3
-2.0

8.4
4.3
-3.8
5.6
-1.2
-2.6

-4.1

-1.6

-12.1
-8.3
3.8
-3.0
8.2

-13.3

-11.9
2.8
-.7
4.5

3.3
2.2
-1.1
6.1
3.9
2.7

-1.8
-.6
1.3
5.6
1.6
7.6

2.6
2.1
-.4
4.0
-2.7
1.4

1.9
-.9
-2.7
4.2
-2.5
2.3

-1.4
-6.4
-5.1
3.0
-.5
4.4

2.6
2.5
.0
7.6
3.6
3.7
4.9
.5
18.6
4.8

-.7
-.8
-.1
4.8
-2.0
6.3
5.5
8.3
-25.3
3.4

.2
-4.1
-4.3

-1.1
-6.5
-5.5

3.6
-3.1
5.0
3.4
9.1

3.8
.2

1990

1990

1.4
1.2
-.2
6.1
2.1
4.7
4.5
4.6

0.9
.5
-.4
5.0
-1.7
4.1

1.2
1.2
.0
5.9
2.0
4.7
5.1
4.8

.6
.4
-.1
5.0
-1.8
4.4

3.8
4.3
.5
5.3
1.4
1.5

6.1
3.5
-2.4
4.8

IV
1990

III
1991

1991

1991

0.2
-1.6

-1.9
4.6
-.7
4.4
2.2
3.6

-0.2
-2.0
-1.8
4.2
-.6
4.5
2.0
3.6

0.1
-1.5

2.8
4.0

0.1
-.1
-.2
4.8
-1.4
4.7
1.6
3.6

-.7
.3
1.0
3.7
-.9
4.4
2.5
3.8

-.4
.2
.6
4.4
-1.1
4.8
2.5
4.0

-.1
-.1
-.1
4.6
-1.5
4.7
1.7
3.7

.2
-1.7
-2.0
4.7
-.6
4.5
2.6
3.8

-.1
-2.1
-2.0
4.4
-.4
4.5
2.1
3.7

.3
-1.5
-1.8
4.0
.1
3.7
2.0
3.1

1.6
.2

-1.4
3.1
-1.4
1.4

3.7
1.9
-1.8
3.3
-2.2
-.4

2.9
.3
-2.5
3.8
-2.3
.9

1.4
-3.0
-4.3

1.4
-3.5
-4.8
4.3
-.5
2.8

.9
-2.7
-3.6
3.9
.0
2.9

5.1
6.4
1.2
4.2
1.1
-.9

2.5
.3
-2.2
3.2
-1.4
.7

4.7
2.0
-2.5
3.2
-2.2
-1.4

3.9
.0

2.4
-3.9
-6.1
4.4
1.9

1.4
-5.1
-6.4
4.6
-.3
3.1

.6
-4.6
-5.2
4.2
.3
3.6

4.7
2.3
-2.3
5.5
3.4
.8

2.6
7.6
4.8
2.1
-.8
-.5

.4
.2
-.2
3.1
-1.4
2.7

2.3
1.6
-.7
3.5
-1.9
1.2

1.5
.7
-.7
4.0
-2.2
2.5

.3
-1.5
-1.8
4.2
-1.0
3.9

1.9
-.8
-2.6
4.2
-.6
2.2

1.9
.5
-1.4
3.7
-.1
1.7

.5
-.1
-.6
4.6
2.4
3.1
4.0
1.0
15.8
3.9

O
O
0
O
O

-.1
.8

-.9
-.3
.6
4.3
-1.2
5.1
5.3
4.6
-10.2
3.8

.1
-.6
-.7
4.7
-1.5
4.7
4.5
5.2
-10.5
3.5

.2
-2.3
-2.5
4.9
-.4
5.4
4.7
7.4

-.3
-2.9
-2.6
4.2
-.6
5.3
4.5
7.6

-12.3
4.1

-12.8

O
O
O
0
O
O
O
0
0

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

1.7
3.2

-1.6
3.9
.0
3.7
1.8
3.1

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

1.9
3.6

Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

4.1
-1.1
2.7

Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

-3.8

3.9
-2.3
.0

-.9

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator
1

Not available.

122




-28.4
2.2

6.9
4.9
12.2
-6.8
5.9

o1
()
0
0

o

.9
3.7

-.9
4.0
3.8
4.7
-5.9
3.2

3.9

SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

o

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

7.1
5.6
4.9
7.1
6.8
5.4

6.7
5.6
4.7
7.0
6.0
5.3

6.7
5.8
4.7
7.1
5.9
5.1

103.2
56.4
13.3

4.8
3.9
3.7

5.6
4.9
3.7

6.0
5.3
4.2

76.6
2.4
7.2
16.5
3.7

79.0
2.5
7.7
16.9
3.7

6.2
3.2
8.0
5.5
8.2

6.9
3.8
7.9
6.2
10.1

7.1
3.9
8.6
6.4
10.2

831.6
50.1
23.8
31.1
271.0
16.5
45.1
21.6
76.5
34.5
11.4
55.6
28.2
33.9
8.0
8.8
18.0
10.9

1,122.9
67.3
24.9
29.4
425.0
17.3
59.8
29.1
100.7
46.9
11.5
72.9
39.6
44.3
10.0
11.6
18.8
13.1

1,093.9
68.2
30.2
36.7
357.0
20.1
60.4
28.0
103.3
49.1
12.6
74.2
39.2
46.1
10.2
12.0
21.8
13.0

5.7
3.6
10.3
9.7
6.2
10.0
4.1
5.8
7.0
4.6
7.0
4.7
3.2
4.2
4.4
4.1
9.2
5.4

7.5
4.9
10.5
8.4
9.3
10.0
5.4
7.8
9.1
6.2
6.9
6.2
4.5
5.5
5.6
5.3
9.0
6.3

7.3
4.9
12.8
11.2
7.8
12.0
5.4
7.6
9.2
6.5
7.6
6.3
4.4
5.7
5.7
5.4
10.8
6.3

1,768.5
140.9
907.4

72.7
4.1
34.7

66.8
3.9
33.1

75.6
4.5
37.3

4.1
2.9
3.8

3.8
2.8
3.7

4.3
3.2
4.1

1,798.4
231.6
433.6
75.4
287.3
116.4
102.7

1,798.4
230.8
433.4
75.1
290.3
115.8
102.0

86.3
13.5
18.9
4.3
13.5
4.1
7.3

115.9
17.3
27.1
6.3
17.6
5.2
9.6

107.6
15.9
25.1
5.9
16.4
4.8
9.0

4.8
5.9
4.4
5.8
4.6
3.6
7.1

6.4
7.5
6.2
8.4
6.1
4.4
9.4

6.0
6.9
5.8
7.8
5.7
4.1
8.8

364.0
314.9

358.4
308.4

363.0
313.7

20.2
16.9

22.3
18.8

20.2
17.4

5.6
5.4

6.2
6.1

5.6
5.6

District of Columbia .
Washington

293.6
2,206.9

281.5
2,240.8

274.6
2,222.9

20.6
83.6

22.5
96.6

22.9
97.4

7.0
3.8

8.0
4.3

8.3
4.4

Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ....
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melboume-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach ...

6,474.8
162.4
673.2
155.8
112.8
470.6
182.6
198.4
973.2
651.1
152.4
128.6
141.6
1,037.0
435.6

6,473.4
163.4
670.0
160.4
111.4
470.4
185.4
194.2
956.0
644.7
152.9
129.3
139.9
1,036.1
431.9

6,498.0
163.0
671.2
162.4
112.9
470.3
186.4
195.6
955.0
645.1
152.9
130.3
142.8
1,042.6
436.8

399.3
9.5
39.2
7.2
4.4
25.3
17.4
11.4
68.7
36.3
9.4
5.3
6.1
55.5
30.9

519.1
11.9
54.8
11.1
5.2
33.3
21.7
14.8
89.2
43.6
9.4
7.2
6.3
70.7
45.6

467.0
11.0
50.0
10.1
4.8
30.2
18.3
14.4
81.7
40.0
8.8
6.6
5.9
64.1
39.0

6.2
5.9
5.8
4.6
3.9
5.4
9.5
5.8
7.1
5.6
6.2
4.1
4.3
5.4
7.1

8.0
7.3
8.2
6.9
4.6
7.1
11.7
7.6
9.3
6.8
6.2
5.6
4.5
6.8
10.5

7.2
6.8
7.4
6.2
4.3
6.4
9.8
7.4
8.6
6.2
5.8
5.0
4.1
6.1
8.9

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991^

1,906.2
442.4
133.9
213.7
138.2
73.8

1,896.3
440.2
133.2
212.9
135.2
73.6

1,908.0
442.6
132.8
215.9
136.2
74.3

134.4
25.0
6.6
15.1
9.3
4.0

126.2
24.8
6.2
14.9
8.1
3.9

127.3
25.5
6.3
15.3
8.0
3.8

256.9

260.5

259.6

16.2

19.6

23.3

Arizona ....
Phoenix .
Tucson ..

1,738.6
1,078.9
318.3

1,709.7
1,060.0
317.4

1,714.5
1,061.9
317.0

83.1
42.1
11.8

95.1
51.5
11.7

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock .
Pine Bluff

1,134.8
64.8
92.7
267.6
37.1

1,112.7
63.3
90.3
265.1
36.7

1,107.7
63.1
90.3
263.7
36.6

70.6
2.0
7.4
14.6
3.1

14,659.3
1,378.9
230.5
320.5
4,375.0
165.2
1,096.7
371.4
1,086.5
743.0
162.8
1,177.7
873.7
808.8
180.7
217.1
196.1
203.4

14,968.6
1,374.3
236.5
351.4
4,563.0
172.5
1,100.9
370.9
1,107.3
753.1
165.1
1,174.5
874.9
804.2
179.1
221.1
208.1
207.1

15,001.1
1,386.8
236.6
327.8
4,578.0
168.2
1,107.8
369.8
1,120.2
752.0
166.2
1,176.8
882.1
809.1
180.9
222.9
202.5
206.7

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,761.4
140.7
902.4

1,771.7
139.5
907.3

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury

1,779.1
229.2
433.6
74.6
290.1
113.3
103.2

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska

California1
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc .
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

See footnotes at end of table.




123

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

3,239.7
54.4
77.9
1,534.6
198.8
101.1
136.2
118.8

3,150.2
53.4
73.5
1,490.3
197.6
99.9
132.3
117.3

3,148.3
54.0
76.2
1,488.0
197.5
100.3
133.1
117.0

186.5
3.7
3.7
81.8
9.1
7.8
7.0
5.9

158.0
3.0
2.9
72.7
9.1
5.5
6.0
5.6

Hawaii
Honolulu

541.8
392.6

556.0
397.5

560.0
401.9

15.1
10.2

Idaho
Boise City

491.5
114.0

503.6
115.3

507.2
116.8

Illinois1
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

6,044.5
191.9
76.7
93.9
3,303.1
183.6
60.7
210.5
47.6
311.4
166.1
156.5
114.0

6,010.0
192.2
76.1
90.8
3,278.5
183.0
60.5
212.5
47.8
313.2
166.0
156.1
114.5

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,827.3
59.2
62.0
94.7
143.1
204.1
263.1
672.4
47.2
69.3
61.1
131.0
61.3

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

146.8
3.0
2.8
66.9
8.8
5.3
5.7
5.1

5.8
6.8
4.7
5.3
4.6
7.7
5.1
4.9

5.0
5.6
3.9
4.9
4.6
5.5
4.5
4.7

4.7
5.5
3.7
4.5
4.4
5.3
4.3
4.4

15.4
9.4

16.1
10.0

2.8
2.6

2.8
2.4

2.9
2.5

24.0
4.2

24.1
4.2

22.6
4.0

4.9
3.6

4.8
3.6

4.5
3.5

5,960.7
189.6
75.5
93.1
3,253.2
182.8
60.5
211.0
48.4
308.8
164.4
155.9
114.4

345.7
10.7
2.4
3.4
188.8
10.6
4.0
12.5
3.0
11.2
8.8
8.4
4.6

398.1
12.9
2.9
3.6
216.8
11.9
5.0
14.2
3.8
12.9
10.6
12.0
5.5

446.9
14.2
3.2
4.5
242.0
12.5
5.8
15.5
4.4
14.6
12.0
13.0
6.1

5.7
5.6
3.1
3.6
5.7
5.8
6.6
5.9
6.2
3.6
5.3
5.4
4.0

6.6
6.7
3.8
4.0
6.6
6.5
8.2
6.7
7.9
4.1
6.4
7.7
4.8

7.5
7.5
4.3
4.9
7.4
6.9
9.6
7.3
9.0
4.7
7.3
8.3
5.4

2,808.8
57.4
61.8
92.6
142.4
200.4
260.2
681.7
44.8
67.7
60.2
129.8
61.4

2,794.9
57.2
62.5
91.8
142.6
198.0
257.2
679.6
44.2
67.5
60.3
128.7
61.6

145.6
3.4
1.6
6.9
7.2
10.2
14.4
31.6
2.6
1.6
3.0
6.8
2.6

160.8
3.7
2.0
5.5
8.4
11.9
18.2
31.1
3.1
2.2
3.4
7.6
3.2

172.5
4.1
2.4
5.7
8.7
11.5
18.6
32.7
3.0
2.4
3.9
7.9
3.8

5.1
5.7
2.6
7.2
5.0
5.0
5.5
4.7
5.5
2.3
4.8
5.2
4.3

5.7
6.4
3.3
6.0
5.9
6.0
7.0
4.6
6.8
3.2
5.7
5.8
5.2

6.2
7.1
3.9
6.2
6.1
5.8
7.2
4.8
6.7
3.5
6.4
6.2
6.1

1,506.4
97.6
236.7
44.9
62.1
60.9
74.2

1,476.1
94.2
231.9
44.6
59.7
60.4
73.1

1,506.1
96.2
237.3
45.5
62.0
61.9
75.4

63.9
5.5
7.9
1.9
1.1
2.1
3.2

63.3
4.4
9.5
2.1
1.0
2.6
4.0

64.0
4.6
9.2
2.2
1.0
2.7
3.6

4.2
5.7
3.3
4.3
1.8
3.5
4.4

4.3
4.6
4.1
4.7
1.6
4.3
5.5

4.2
4.8
3.9
4.8
1.6
4.4
4.8

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,294.4
45.2
91.4
256.2

1,303.3
44.9
91.3
260.7

1,300.3
45.4
90.9
260.6

58.9
1.6
5.2
11.5

55.2
1.4
4.7
11.4

57.0
1.5
4.6
11.6

4.5
3.6
5.7
4.5

4.2
3.2
5.1
4.4

4.4
3.3
5.0
4.5

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,761.4
200.5
516.3
44.5

1,786.0
194.5
522.7
44.2

1,764.7
193.8
523.0
43.8

86.1
6.6
20.8
1.9

134.7
8.7
35.6
3.1

121.5
7.4
38.6
2.9

4.9
3.3
4.0
4.2

7.5
4.5
6.8
7.0

6.9
3.8
7.4
6.7

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,886.6
57.8
271.0
69.7
105.9
77.5
68.8
581.4
155.0

1,940.1
59.0
280.6
73.8
109.3
83.0
71.2
593.4
158.9

1,951.3
59.8
281.4
74.4
109.7
82.9
72.2
595.5
160.8

107.1
3.3
13.3
3.4
4.4
4.7
3.8
32.1
9.2

131.5
4.0
16.4
4.8
6.1
7.0
4.3
36.7
10.4

134.9
4.2
16.6
5.0
6.4
7.1
4.2
37.5
10.8

5.7
5.7
4.9
4.8
4.2
6.0
5.5
5.5
6.0

6.8
6.7
5.9
6.5
5.6
8.4
6.0
6.2
6.6

6.9
7.1
5.9
6.7
5.8
8.6
5.8
6.3
6.7

639.9
44.1
133.8

638.4
42.2
131.3

641.1
43.1
132.1

35.1
3.6
5.3

42.8
4.2
6.9

36.0
3.4
5.7

5.5
8.2
4.0

6.7
10.0
5.3

5.6
8.0
4.3

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.

124




STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1990

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

140.4
75.0

5.1
5.5

5.2
5.8

5.5
6.1

279.1
123.0
11.0
9.3
5.4
19.7
15.3
9.9
4.0
24.0
21.1

257.6
112.3
10.2
8.7
4.9
18.2
14.1
9.4
3.8
22.4
19.2

6.0
5.2
7.5
9.1
9.0
8.1
6.9
9.0
6.4
5.8
6.3

8.9
8.0
11.1
12.2
11.8
10.7
10.4
11.5
9.5
9.3
9.9

8.2
7.3
10.2
11.4
10.7
9.9
9.6
10.9
9.0
8.6
9.0

326.8
7.8
4.3
5.4
154.7
18.6
21.6
4.9
6.1
12.9
6.1
12.8

416.7
10.0
5.1
7.3
200.2
25.1
29.3
6.7
7.6
15.4
8.3
15.1

386.1
8.9
5.0
6.9
185.1
23.3
26.1
6.1
7.0
14.1
7.8
14.2

7.2
4.7
6.8
6.9
7.2
10.2
5.7
7.6
5.0
5.4
9.0
6.8

9.2
6.2
8.2
9.4
9.6
13.4
7.7
10.3
6.4
6.7
12.3
8.1

6.5
5.4
7.9
8.8
8.9
12.4
6.8
9.4
5.8
5.9
11.6
7.6

2,441.1
114.4
1,418.1
66.1
107.5

108.0
5.6
61.2
1.8
4.9

125.7
6.7
72.4
2.2
6.0

114.2
6.7
65.7
2.1
5.6

4.4
4.9
4.3
2.8
4.7

5.2
6.0
5.2
3.3
5.7

4.7
5.8
4.6
3.2
5.2

1,174.8
199.8

1,167.5
199.0

77.8
10.4

94.6
11.9

83.4
10.8

6.6
5.2

8.1
6.0

7.1
5.4

2,631.9
848.7
1,269.6
131.3

2,674.9
863.6
1,274.6
131.9

2,667.9
860.1
1,271.3
132.8

152.6
42.4
77.0
6.4

163.6
46.1
83.0
6.5

171.6
48.9
86.8
6.7

5.8
5.0
6.1
4.9

6.1
5.3
6.5
4.9

6.4
5.7
6.8
5.0

Montana .

395.7

396.5

393.4

24.9

23.1

24.5

6.3

5.8

6.2

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

843.3
131.6
343.4

855.0
130.1
350.5

856.4
130.4
351.7

16.7
2.1
9.2

21.1
2.9
10.8

19.3
2.4
10.0

2.0
1.6
2.7

2.5
2.2
3.1

2.2
1.8
2.8

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

638.4
395.6
137.5

652.1
406.1
138.3

655.9
410.0
138.8

32.8
21.2
6.3

34.9
24.1
6.1

34.0
23.2
6.1

5.1
5.4
4.6

5.4
5.9
4.4

5.2
5.7
4.4

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.

632.4
88.1
100.2
141.9

625.1
87.4
98.9
139.2

624.6
87.6
98.7
139.2

35.8
5.5
6.7
5.9

43.2
6.3
8.1
6.7

41.3
5.8
7.4
6.5

5.7
6.3
6.7
4.1

6.9
7.2
8.2
4.8

6.6
6.6
7.5
4.7

4,068.0
187.9
707.6
278.1
595.8
489.2
957.9
176.7
62.8

4,018.3
191.3
689.4
267.2
591.1
494.6
936.4
171.8
62.6

4,023.5
184.8
692.1
268.9
593.3
489.5
940.4
174.3
62.7

220.5
14.0
34.3
21.5
24.2
26.7
56.1
8.1
5.1

241.0
12.9
39.7
21.7
27.1
28.3
59.7
8.7
5.7

271.9
16.0
43.5
24.3
30.9
34.0
66.5
9.6
6.3

5.4
7.4
4.8
7.7
4.1
5.5
5.9
4.6
8.0

6.0
6.8
5.8
8.1
4.6
5.7
6.4
5.1
9.1

6.8
8.7
6.3
9.0
5.2
7.0
7.1
5.5
10.0

697.7
265.0
61.1
71.4

711.6
270.4
60.5
71.5

718.8
273.7
61.3
72.6

39.8
12.4
3.5
2.7

44.1
13.1
3.8
2.4

42.0
12.6
3.6
2.1

5.7
4.7
5.7
3.8

6.2
4.8
6.3
3.3

5.8
4.6
5.9
2.9

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

Maryland ....
Baltimore .

2,517.9
1,206.3

2,585.8
1,234.2

2,557.6
1,225.8

129.0
66.7

133.2
71.5

Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,116.2
1,540.7
99.0
74.3
45.4
184.0
145.5
85.4
40.7
255.0
214.9

3,124.9
1,530.2
99.1
76.5
45.5
184.8
147.0
86.0
42.1
258.3
213.0

3,131.9
1,543.1
99.4
76.4
45.6
183.9
146.8
86.4
42.7
259.8
214.1

186.4
79.9
7.4
6.8
4.1
14.9
10.1
7.7
2.6
14.8
13.6

Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland ...

4,562.9
163.8
64.2
78.4
2,136.4
182.8
378.3
65.2
121.2
241.1
67.7
187.3

4,510.0
160.4
62.9
77.4
2,084.1
187.3
379.6
64.7
118.4
230.8
68.1
186.9

4,535.5
165.5
63.0
78.3
2,087.9
187.0
382.8
64.8
119.9
241.4
67.5
187.4

Minnesota

2,466.9
115.6
1,440.2
66.3
103.3

2,409.9
112.3
1,389.6
65.0
104.0

Mississippi.
Jackson ...

1,174.2
200.S

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis LMA ....
Springfield

Duluth
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

New Jersey1
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ...
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

See footnotes at end of table.




125

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

8,623.1
435.4
120.7
454.9
43.3
51.9
1,380.6
4,025.8
3,367.0
132.7
126.7
504.2
323.0
135.0

8,557.3
432.7
118.1
458.7
42.0
51.6
1,379.2
3,951.1
3,292.0
134.0
126.5
506.2
324.3
135.6

8,540.6
433.2
118.6
458.9
41.7
51.0
1,365.7
3,956.5
3,305.0
133.1
125.7
506.3
321.9
133.9

5.7

8.6

8.3

North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point ..
Raleigh-Durham

3,380.1
92.0
644.1
517.7
416.5

3,529.6
95.8
675.7
534.9
434.5

3,490.4
95.6
671.0
529.2
431.9

148.0

187.2

179.1

2.9

4.3

4.3

24.6
20.3
11.0

33.9
25.2
16.1

33.2
23.9
15.1

325.0
47.0
90.1
36.3

317.6
47.3
87.6
35.7

317.9
47.2
90.0
35.5

11.6

11.0

10.7

1.7
1.9
1.1

1.5
2.2
1.1

Ohio1
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

5,492.7
337.9
195.0
795.9
964.4
750.9
482.1
316.7
223.3

5,434.7
336.9
193.4
797.3
955.2
746.9
476.8
311.1
219.0

5,434.5
336.4
192.5
792.2
954.2
751.8
478.3
310.3
218.8

306.0
17.1
11.6
34.0
48.5
33.7
27.4
21.2
14.5

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,535.9
27.1
48.1
497.6
344.7

1,509.8
26.8
47.5
487.3
342.0

1,522.8
27.1
48.4
489.7
345.2

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem

1,513.6
152.1
74.0
694.0
142.0

1,526.2
148.0
74.7
707.1
146.1

5,896.7
336.4
61.3
59.5
135.3
330.4
98.5
227.0
2,446.8
990.0
176.2
364.4
53.1
69.2
60.7
223.4
513.3
163.8
338.5

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

1

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
See footnotes at end of table.

126




Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

1991P

5.4
3.2
3.6
4.3
4.1
5.3
4.0
7.0
7.7
4.5
2.9
3.2
3.6
4.3

6.8
5.6
5.7
6.3
6.2
7.0
6.8
7.4
7.7
6.7
5.2
4.8
6.3
6.3

6.9
5.3
5.4
6.1
5.9
7.2
6.3
7.9
8.5
6.4
4.8
4.7
6.0
6.2

4.4
3.2
3.8
3.9
2.6

5.3
4.5
5.0
4.7
3.7

5.1
4.5
5.0
4.5
3.5

1.7
1.9
.9

3.6
3.6
2.2
3.0

3.5
3.3
2.5
3.1

3.4
3.7
2.1
2.5

308.7
17.9
12.3
40.9
48.5
32.9
25.3
20.2
12.7

282.0
16.0
10.7
36.6
44.3
29.6
25.3
17.8
12.4

5.6
5.1
6.0
4.3
5.0
4.5
5.7
6.7
6.5

5.7
5.3
6.4
5.1
5.1
4.4
5.3
6.5
5.8

5.2
4.7
5.6
4.6
4.6
3.9
5.3
5.8
5.6

79.6

93.2

89.4

1.1
2.7

1.3
2.9

1.2
3.0

28.5
15.6

26.4
21.6

24.8
20.1

5.2
4.0
5.5
5.7
4.5

6.2
4.7
6.2
5.4
6.3

5.9
4.4
6.2
5.1

1,504.3
148.6
74.2
697.2
142.8

78.4

82.7

86.4

5.2

5.4

5.7

8.8
4.2

8.7
5.1

9.5
4.9

30.7

33.8

33.5

6.4

6.9

7.2

5.8
5.6
4.4
4.5

5.9
6.8
4.8
4.7

6.4
6.6
4.8
5.0

5,915.1
339.5
62.3
60.1
136.0
335.3
98.4
226.9
2,452.1
996.9
175.1
364.5
51.9
69.3
59.5
225.7

5,993.1
344.6
62.8
61.4
138.3
335.8
100.0
228.4
2,481.3
1,010.1
178.3
370.9
53.2
71.0
60.5
229.3

346.2
20.1

373.3
21.4

382.5
21.7

4.7
4.6
7.6

4.7
5.4
9.2

5.0
5.5
9.5

15.8

16.1

16.4

7.5

7.9

8.7

10.8
129.8
50.1
26.6

11.2
152.9
53.1
10.1
28.4

10.7
157.2
54.1
10.1
29.5

2.8
3.9
5.1

3.4
3.9
4.1

4.0
3.9
4.0

12.2

12.5

14.0

5.9
6.0
7.7
7.7
5.6
4.8
7.6
4.8
5.3
5.1
5.6
7.3
5.3
5.7
8.4
5.5

6.3
6.3
7.5
9.0
6.8
4.8
8.1
4.9
6.2
5.3
5.8
7.8
6.5
5.6
6.8
5.5

6.4
6.3
7.9
8.9
6.9
4.9
8.7
4.7
6.3
5.4
5.7
8.0
7.5
5.6
6.6
6.1

510.3
161.3
337.4

508.5
161.6
337.6

29.8
11.2
18.6

47.2
16.2
31.3

45.8
15.3
30.3

5.8
6.8
5.5

9.3

10.0
9.3

9.0
9.5
9.0

1,723.5
239.6
242.4
344.6

1,743.7
249.5
247.7
347.6

1,737.4
247.7
248.6
346.3

83.3

14.0

96.7
11.3
10.2
16.0

97.2
11.8
10.2
15.8

4.8
3.7
3.6
4.1

5.5
4.5
4.1
4.6

5.6
4.8
4.1
4.6

361.9
40.7
76.5

359.6
41.0
75.7

366.2
41.5
78.0

12.6

11.7

10.4

3.5

1.7
1.9

1.8
2.0

1.4
1.5

4.1
2.4

3.3
4.3
2.6

2.9
3.3
1.9

462.2
14.1

581.9
24.3

4.4

6.7

6.5

19.7

29.1

28.0

1.8
2.7

2.6
3.6

2.4
3.7

54.7
280.5
258.0

93.9
291.6
254.0

86.2
313.7
279.0

591.1
22.9

6.0
3.7

9.0
6.6

8.5
6.1

16.2
11.7

24.3
20.6

23.7
19.4

9.9

8.9
8.7

Oct.

5.8

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,407.4
211.2
220.8
287.3
478.0
536.8

2,420.8
214.5
224.6
285.4
479.4
540.5

2,431.6
215.2
225.3
285.9
480.0
542.4

123.3
10.0
9.9
12.4
22.4
22.3

151.3
12.1
12.2
15.2
27.3
27.1

Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

8,406.1
50.4
95.6
437.8
164.7
86.8
101.5
63.0
164.6
1,432.8
248.6
731.1
108.4
1,725.7
95.6
52.0
78.5
115.8
155.9
47.2
50.9
43.4
600.5
47.0
57.4
73.3
35.6
92.4
54.6

8,524.8
50.8
95.9
442.4
172.8
89.6
106.6
60.8
168.4
1,441.4
253.5
737.2
110.9
1,761.1
96.8
51.8
78.3
115.0
156.1
48.1
53.1
43.9
602.6
47.0
56.2
73.7
36.7
93.2
54.8

8,533.6
50.3
94.9
443.0
173.1
89.4
107.4
64.0
168.4
1,445.4
254.5
734.7
110.9
1,758.0
96.9
52.8
78.7
115.4
161.6
48.1
52.8
44.2
601.7
46.7
56.2
73.9
37.0
93.7
54.8

445.0
2.6
4.0
17.5
10.0
4.2
9.5
1.9
10.9
66.8
24.0
32.4
6.7
79.9
6.0
4.4
4.7
5.0
22.8
2.1
2.3
2.0
36.1
2.2
4.2
4.1
1.5
4.6
2.8

801.9
123.0
515.7

815.5
124.6
525.0

807.8
125.0
519.5

307.8
78.1

305.8
77.0

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News .
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

3,233.2
73.4
53.8
76.0
627.6
465.9
127.9

Washington
Seattle

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen
Vermont
Burlington

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper

,

Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991?

151.6
11.7
11.5
15.2
27.1
27.1

5.1
4.7
4.5
4.3
4.7
4.2

6.2
5.7
5.4
5.3
5.7
5.0

6.2
5.4
5.1
5.3
5.6
5.0

546.6
3.4
4.6
20.9
12.7
4.9
12.3
2.2
13.0
86.6
25.7
47.6
7.2
100.9
6.4
4.2
6.0
6.2
25.0
2.6
3.7
2.4
37.6
2.9
4.2
4.7
1.7
5.7
3.5

616.1
3.2
5.0
23.4
13.9
5.4
13.9
2.4
14.7
98.4
28.6
53.0
8.2
113.5
7.3
5.1
6.9
7.1
30.0
3.2
4.1
2.5
42.4
3.3
4.5
5.3
2.1
6.3
4.0

5.3
5.2
4.2
4.0
6.0
4.8
9.4
3.0
6.6
4.7
9.7
4.4
6.2
4.6
6.3
8.4
5.9
4.3
14.6
4.5
4.4
4.5
6.0
4.6
7.3
5.6
4.3
5.0
5.1

6.4
6.6
4.8
4.7
7.3
5.4
11.6
3.6
7.7
6.0
10.1
6.5
6.5
5.7
6.7
8.1
7.6
5.4
16.0
5.5
6.9
5.4
6.2
6.2
7.5
6.4
4.8
6.1
6.4

7.2
6.4
5.3
5.3
8.1
6.0
12.9
3.8
8.7
6.8
11.2
7.2
7.4
6.5
7.6
9.7
8.8
6.1
18.6
6.6
7.7
5.6
7.0
7.1
8.0
7.1
5.7
6.8
7.3

30.1
4.0
19.1

40.2
5.6
26.2

36.0
5.3
22.5

3.8
3.2
3.7

4.9
4.5
5.0

4.5
4.2
4.3

311.1
78.9

14.4
2.5

15.4
2.8

13.9
2.5

4.7
3.2

5.0
3.6

4.5
3.2

3,329.6
74.8
54.0
76.3
645.5
481.7
130.0

3,338.4
75.8
53.8
76.0
647.1
483.1
130.9

139.5
2.4
4.7
3.7
27.4
17.5
5.4

172.6
2.9
4.0
4.3
36.4
24.8
6.0

172.5
3.2
3.9
4.1
36.2
24.1
5.9

4.3
3.2
8.7
4.8
4.4
3.8
4.2

5.2
3.9
7.5
5.6
5.6
5.1
4.7

5.2
4.3
7.2
5.4
5.6
5.0
4.5

2,470.2
1,106.2

2,481.3
1,109.0

2,498.3
1,115.6

108.4
37.2

134.9
50.0

140.6
51.5

4.4
3.4

5.4
4.5

5.6
4.6

770.9
119.4
132.1
72.9
70.9

776.9
119.5
133.7
73.4
71.2

781.3
119.7
133.3
72.9
71.4

64.9
7.9
9.2
4.8
3.5

74.0
8.7
13.0
5.0
4.6

72.5
8.5
11.9
4.7
4.4

8.4
6.6
7.0
6.6
4.9

9.5
7.3
9.7
6.8
6.4

9.3
7.1
9.0
6.5
6.2

2,614.4
176.7
71.7
112.1
73.3
54.8
53.0
229.1
757.8
89.9
58.5
63.8

2,600.7
176.0
72.1
113.9
73.4
54.9
52.0
229.1
752.5
89.3
60.0
65.1

2,635.1
181.6
74.0
114.9
73.7
55.3
53.4
232.7
756.6
89.1
59.8
66.2

103.9
7.2
3.0
4.0
3.0
3.5
2.2
5.0
28.1
4.3
2.9
2.4

125.7
7.9
3.4
5.1
6.4
3.2
2.3
6.9
35.6
5.0
2.8
3.2

126.9
11.3
3.3
4.9
6.1
3.0
2.7
6.7
31.9
5.0
2.9
3.2

4.0
4.1
4.2
3.6
4.1
6.5
4.1
2.2
3.7
4.8
5.0
3.8

4.8
4.5
4.7
4.5
8.8
5.8
4.5
3.0
4.7
5.6
4.7
4.9

4.8
6.2
4.5
4.3
8.2
5.4
5.1
2.9
4.2
5.7
4.8
4.9

244.2
31.5

244.8
31.4

240.4
31.2

11.6
1.6

12.1
1.9

13.6
2.1

4.8
5.1

5.0
6.2

5.6
6.7

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1990 have been
benchmarked to 1990 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the




Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1990

Sept.
1991

Oct.
1991P

11 States and 2 areas designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1991 are
provisional and will be revised when new benchmark information becomes
available. Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this
publication.

127

Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports
from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from a
sample survey of the population 16 years of age and over.
The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the
Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the employed, and the
unemployed, including such characteristics as age, sex, race,
family relationship, marital status, occupation, and industry
attachment. The survey also provides data on the characteristics and past work experience of those not in the labor force.
The information is collected by trained interviewers from
a sample of about 60,000 households, representing 729 areas
in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with coverage in
50 States and the District of Columbia. The data collected
are based on the activity or status reported for the calendar
week including the 12th of the month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on
nonfarm wage and salary employment, average weekly
hours, average hourly earnings, and average weekly
earnings for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The
employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based
on payroll reports from a sample of over 350,000 establishments employing over 41 million nonfarm wage and salary
workers. The data relate to all workers, full or part time,
who receive pay during the payroll period which includes
the 12th day of the month.

RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data supplement one
another, each providing significant types of information that
the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics,
for example, are readily obtained only from the household
survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be
reliably derived only from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of differences in definitions and coverage, sources
of information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which




have a differential effect on the levels and trends of the two
series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics and
other private household workers), self-employed persons,
unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more during the
survey week in family-operated enterprises, and members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. Civilian
employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural
industries is included. The payroll survey covers only
wage and salary employees on the payrolls of nonfarm
establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons
holding more than one job are counted only once and are
classified according to the job at which they worked the
greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the
figures based on establishment reports, persons who worked
in more than one establishment during the reporting period
are counted each time their names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were not
at work during the survey week—that is, were not working
but had jobs from which they were temporarily absent
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management
disputes, or because they were taking time off for various
other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers
for the time off. In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the company are included, but not
those on leave without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences between
household and establishment survey employment data, see
Gloria P. Green's article, "Comparing Employment
Estimates From Household and Payroll Surveys," Monthly
Labor Review, December 1969.
Hours of work
The household survey measures,hours actually worked
whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for by
129

employers. In the household survey data, all persons with
a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average hours. In the payroll
survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid
vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and
assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during the reporting period.

compensation but are classified as employed rather than
unemployed in the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences between State insured unemployment and total unemployment,
see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemployment"
by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the Monthly
Labor Review.

Earnings

Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of
Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the
inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and Statistics
Service series and the treatment of dual jobholders, who are
counted more than once if they work on more than one farm
during the reporting period. There are also wide differences
in sampling techniques and collecting and estimating
methods, which cannot be readily measured in terms of their
impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two
series.

The household survey measures median earnings of wage
and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both
the private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's sole or primary job. Data
from the establishment survey generally refer to average
earnings of production and related workers in mining and
manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and
nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries. For a comprehensive discussion of the household
survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the
Quarterly Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113.

COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from
the household survey includes all persons who did not have
a job at all during the survey week and were looking for work
or were waiting to be called back to a job from which they
had been laid off, whether or not they were eligible for
unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the Employment and Training
Administration of the Department of Labor, exclude persons
who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who
have not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance
systems (some workers in agriculture, domestic services, and
religious organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family
workers). Beginning in January 1978, coverage was extended
to include domestic workers whose employers paid $1,000
or more in wages in any calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or more workers in
20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any
calendar quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment
compensation differ from the definition of unemployment
used in the household survey. For example, persons with
a job but not at work and persons working only a few hours
during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment

130




COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from
employment counts derived by the Bureau of the Census from
its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business
establishments. The major reasons for noncomparability are
different treatment of business units considered parts of an
establishment, such as central administrative offices and auxiliary units, the industrial classification of establishments,
and different reporting patterns by multiunit companies.
There are also differences in the scope of the industries
covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional
services, public utilities, and financial establishments,
whereas these are included in the BLS statistics.
County Business Patterns. Data in County Business Patterns
(CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS establishment statistics
in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because of industrial
classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and government, and coverage is
incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance programs. Most nonfarm wage and salary workers are covered
by the unemployment insurance programs. However, certain activities, such as interstate railroads, parochial schools,
and churches are not covered by unemployment insurance
whereas these are included in the BLS establishment statistics.

Household Data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population, the
personal, occupational, and other characteristics of the
employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the labor
force, and related data are compiled for the BLS by the
Bureau of the Census in its Current Population Survey (CPS).
A detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and
Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the
Current Population Survey, BLS Report 463. Historical national data are published in Labor Force Statistics Derived
From the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2307.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted
through a scientifically selected sample designed to represent the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents are
interviewed to obtain information about the employment
status of each member of the household 16 years of age and
over. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which includes the 12th
of the month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field
interviewing is conducted in the following week.
Inmates of institutions and persons under 16 years of age
are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations, and
are excluded from the population and labor force statistics
shown in this publication. Data on the members of the Armed
Forces stationed in the United States, who are included as
part of the categories "noninstitutional population," "labor
force," and "total employment," are obtained from the
Department of Defense.
Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for
interview. About 2,600 of these households are visited but
interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not
at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other
reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey
of between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the 60,000 occupied units, there are 11,500 sample units in an average
month which are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise
not enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month.
The rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample
to be common from one month to the next, and one-half to
be common with the same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data
have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the
inception of the survey in 1940; those used since 1967 are
as follows:
Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the
survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in their
own business, profession, or on their own farm, or who
worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise




operated by a member of the family; and (b) all those who
were not working but who had jobs or businesses from which
they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons,
whether they were paid for the time off or were seeking other
jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States are also included in the employed total.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those who
held more than one job are counted in the job at which they
worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries who are temporarily in the United States but not living
on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons whose
only activity consisted of work around the house (painting,
repairing, or own home housework) or volunteer work for
religious, charitable, and similar organizations.
Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no employment during the survey week, were available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to
find employment some time during the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which
they had been laid off or were waiting to report to a new
job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be
classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of time
(through the current survey week) during which persons
classified as unemployed had been continuously looking for
work. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment
represents the number of full weeks since the termination
of their most recent employment. A period of 2 weeks or
more during which a person was employed or ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the present period of seeking work. Measurements of mean and
median duration are computed from a distribution of single
weeks of unemployment.
Unemployment is also categorized according to the status
of individuals at the time they began to look for work. The
reasons for unemployment are divided into four major
groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking for work,
and persons on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit
or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and
immediately began looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks
or longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning
to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who never
worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer. Each
of these four categories of the unemployed may be expressed
as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian
labor force; the sum of the four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian workers.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made specific
131

efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week period
preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include those
persons unemployed because they (a) were waiting to be called
back to a job from which they had been laid off or (b) were
waiting to report to a new job within 30 days. Jobseekers are
grouped by the methods used to seek work, including going
to a public or private employment agency or to an employer
directly, seeking assistance from friends or relatives, placing
or answering ads, or utilizing some other method. Examples
of the "other" category include being on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from a community
organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup point.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians classified
as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria
described above. The labor force also includes members of
the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
The overall unemployment rate represents the number
unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including
members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
The unemployment rate for all civilian workers represents
the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor
force. This measure can also be computed for groups within
the labor force classified by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin,
marital status, etc.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the population that is in the labor force. The labor force participation
rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident
Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian
labor force participation rate is the ratio of the civilian labor
force to the civilian noninstitutional population. Civilian labor
force participation rates are usually published for sex-age
groups, often cross-classified by other demographic
characteristics such as race and educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of
the noninstitutional population that is employed. The total
employment-population ratio is total employment, including
the resident Armed Forces, as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The civilian employment-population ratio
is the percentage of all employed civilians in the civilian
noninstitutional population.
Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not
classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are
further classified as engaged in own home housework, in
school, unable to work because of long-term physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The "other" group includes
individuals reported as too old or temporarily unable to work,
the voluntarily idle, seasonal workers for whom the survey
week fell in an off season and who were not reported as looking for work, and persons who did not look for work because
they believed that no jobs were available in the area or that
no jobs were available for which they could qualify—
discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid
family work (less than 15 hours in the specified week) are
also classified as not in labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous work
experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a job at the
132




time of interview, and reasons for not looking for work are
published on a quarterly basis. As of January 1970, the
detailed questions for persons not in the labor force are asked
only in those households that are in the fourth and eighth
months of the sample, i.e., the "outgoing" groups, those
which had been in the sample for 3 previous months and would
not be in for the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969,
these questions were asked in those households entering the
sample for the first time and those returning for the second
4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming" groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed
apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two
or more jobs are classified in the job at which they worked
the greatest number of hours during the survey week. The
unemployed are classified according to their last full-time
job lasting 2 weeks or more. The classifications of occupations and industries used in data derived from the CPS are
defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed
categories included in these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and salary
workers subdivided into private and government workers;
self-employed workers; and unpaid family workers. Wage
and salary workers receive wages, salary, commission, tips,
or pay in kind from a private employer or from a government unit. Self-employed persons are those who work for
profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or
operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or
in a business operated by a member of the household to whom
they are related by birth or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours
worked during the survey week. For example, persons who
normally work 40 hours a week but were off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours even
though they were paid for the holiday. For persons working
in more than one job, the figures relate to the number of hours
worked in all jobs during the week; all the hours are credited
to the major job.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey
week are designated as working full time. Persons who
worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working
part time. Part-time workers are classified by their usual
status at their present job (either full or part time) and by
their reason for working part time during the survey week
(economic or noneconomic reasons). Economic reasons include: Slack work, material shortages, repairs to plant or
equipment, start or termination of a job during the week,
and inability to find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons
include: Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation,
demands of home or school, no desire for full-time work,
and full-time worker only during peak season. Persons on
full-time schedules include, in addition to those working 35
hours or more, those who worked from 1 to 34 hours for
noneconomic reasons and usually work full time.
Data on employment "at work" differ from data on total
employment because they exclude persons in the zero-hours-

worked category, "with a job but not at work." These are
persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week
for such reasons as bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor dispute.
Employed persons are also categorized into full- and parttime groupings based primarily on their usual status. In this
context, full-time workers are those who (a) worked 35 hours
or more during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours
for economic or noneconomic reasons, but usually work full
time, and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually
work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who
(a) voluntarily worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week,
(b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually
work part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time
work, and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually
work part time.
Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers are
calculated using the concepts of the fall- and part-time labor
force which are based on the type of job—full or part t i m e that persons—whether working or unemployed—report that
they want. The "full-time labor force" includes all persons
working part time but who desire full-time work, that is,
working part time for economic reasons. Thus, this category
consists of persons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily working part time regardless of their usual status;
and unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The "parttime labor force" consists of persons working part time
voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time work.
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work on full-time or voluntary part-time schedules.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours lost
to the economy through unemployment and involuntary parttime employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is computed by assuming that:
(1) unemployed persons looking for full-time work lost an
average of 37.5 hours, (2) those looking for part-time work
lost the average number of hours actually worked by voluntary part-time workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on part time for economic reasons lost the difference
between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they
worked.
White, black, and other are terms used to describe the race
of workers. Included in the "other" group are American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders.
All tables in this publication which contain racial data, with
the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data
for the black population group. Because of their relatively
small sample size, data for "other" races are not published.
In the enumeration process, race is determined by the
household respondent.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified themselves
in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican living
on the mainland, Cuban, Central or South American, or of
other Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin




may be of any race; thus they are included in both the white
and black population groups.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed
Forces of the United States between August 5, 1964, and
May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and
women are excluded. Nonveterans are men who never served
in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from responses
to the question ' 'How much does.. .USUALLY earn per week
at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime
pay, commissions, or tips usually received. The term
"usual" is as perceived by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual, interviewers are instructed
to define the term as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. Data refer to wage and salary
workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who
usually work full time on their sole or primary job.
Median earnings indicate the value which divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part having values
above the median and the other having values below the
median. The medians as shown in this publication are
calculated by linear interpolation of the $50 centered interval
within which each median falls.
Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status are terms used to define the marital status of
individuals at the time of interview. Married, spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were reported as
members of the same household even though one may be
temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a
hospital, etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are
married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married,
spouse absent, includes persons who are separated because
of marital discord, as well as persons who are living apart
because either the husband or the wife was employed and
living away from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or
had a different place of residence for any reason.
A household consists of all persons—related family
members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a housing
unit. A house, an apartment, a group of rooms, or a single
room is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended
for occupancy as separate living quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in
whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The term
is never applied to either husbands or wives in married-couple
families but relates only to persons in families maintained
by either men or women without a spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons residing
together who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption; all
such persons are considered as members of one family even
though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married coupie or a parent-child group related by birth or marriage to the householder and sharing the living quarters. The

133

count of families used in this publication excludes unrelated
subfamilies such as lodgers, guests, or resident employees
living in a household but not related to the householder.
Families are classified either as married-couple families or as
families maintained by women or men without spouses. A
family maintained by a woman or a man is one in which the
householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married,
spouse absent. Data on the earnings of families exclude all
those in which there is no wage or salary earner or in which
the husband, wife, or other persons maintaining the family
is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in tracted
areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD's) in untracted
areas, in which 20 percent or more of the noninstitutional
residents were poor according to the 1980 decennial census.
Persons were classified as poor or nonpoor by comparing
money income to a series of poverty income thresholds which
vary by family size and number of children. While poverty
areas have a substantial concentration of low-income
residents, many poor persons live outside these areas, and
conversely, the areas include many people who are not poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the total
of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA'S) as defined by
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as of June 30,
1983. These definitions differ from those used in the 1980
decennial census. A detailed discussion of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology can be found in "The
New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980
Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan
Statistical Areas, PC-S1-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist
of the total territory outside MSA's.
The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census,
comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in places
of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized areas. More
specifically, the urban population consists of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated
as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New
York), and towns (except in the New England States, New
York, and Wisconsin), but excluding those persons living
in the rural portions of extended cities; (2) other territories,
incorporated and unincorporated, included in urbanized
areas. The population not classified as urban constitutes the
rural population.
HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Change in lower age limit
The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor force,
employment, and unemployment was raised from 14 to 16
years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical
series have been revised to provide consistent information
based on the population 16 years and over. For a detailed
discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced
at that time, including estimates of their effect on the various
series, see "New Definitions for Employment and
134




Unemployment," Employment and Earnings and Monthly
Report on the Labor Force, February 1967.
Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there are
several other periods of noncomparability in the labor force
data: (1) Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data
from the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total
employment, and agricultural employment were increased
by about 350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals
and men; other categories were relatively unaffected. (2)
Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and
about 300,000 in the labor force. Four-fifths of this increase
was in nonagricultural employment; other labor force
categories were not appreciably affected. (3) Beginning in
1962, the introduction of data from the 1960 census reduced
the population by about 50,000 and labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually
unchanged. (4) Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970
census was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by about 800,000; labor force and
employment totals were raised by a little more than 300,000;
and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent population adjustment based on
the 1970 census was introduced in March 1973. This adjustment, which affected the white and black-and-other groups
but had little effect on totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white population and an increase of the
same magnitude in the black-and-other population. Civilian
labor force and total employment figures were affected to
a lesser degree; the white labor force was reduced by
150,000, and the black-and-other labor force rose by about
210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not
significantly affected.
In addition, beginning in January 1974, the methodology
used to prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to an inflation-deflation
approach. This change in the derivation of the estimates had
its greatest impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year old men—
particularly those of the black-and-other population—but had
little effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and
over. Additional information on the adjustment procedure
appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from InflationDeflation Method of Estimation", in the February 1974 issue
of Employment and Earnings.
Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration of
Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and
black-and-other independent population controls for persons
16 years and over were adjusted upward by 76,000—30,000
men and 46,000 women. The addition of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all of the changes were in
the other population.

Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation procedures
resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the civilian labor
force and employment totals; unemployment levels and rates
were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural
changes and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1978"
in the February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual was
determined by the household respondent for the incoming
rotation group households, rather than by the interviewer as
before. The purpose of this change was to provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race. Thus, in October
1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race determined by the household respondent and seven-eighths of the
sample households had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire sample
had race determined by the household respondent. The new
procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio estimation
method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only
for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for
the total United States. The reasoning behind the change and
an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the February
1979 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its
effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the February 1982 issue of Employment and Earnings. In addition, current population estimates
used in the second-stage estimation procedure are derived
from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than
the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases in
total population and estimates of persons in all labor force categories. Rates for labor force characteristics, however, remained virtually unchanged. Some 30,000 labor force series
were adjusted back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series.
The adjustment procedure used is also described in the
February 1982 article cited above. The revisions did not,
however, smooth out the breaks in series occurring between
1972 and 1979 that are described above, and data users should
make allowances for them in making certain data comparisons.
Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment
methodology was updated to account for results obtained
from the 1980 census. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the February
1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. There were only
slight differences between the old and new procedures in
estimates of levels for the various labor force characteristics
and virtually no differences in estimates of participation rates.




Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the CPS
estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first
and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite
estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in
the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes
and an indication of their effect on national estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January
1985" in the February 1985 issue of this publication. Overall,
the revisions had only a slight effect on most estimates. The
greatest impact was on estimates of persons of Hispanic origin.
Major estimates were revised back to January 1980.
Beginning in January 1986, the population controls used
in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980 and
an improved estimate of the number of emigrants among legal
foreign-born residents for the same time period. As a result,
the total civilian population and labor force estimates were
raised by nearly 400,000; civilian employment was increased
by about 350,000. The Hispanic-origin civilian population
and labor force estimates were raised by about 425,000 and
305,000, respectively, and civilian employment by 270,000.
Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and rates were
not significantly affected. Because of the magnitude of the
adjustments for Hispanics, data have been revised back to
January 1980 to the extent possible. An explanation of the
changes and their effect on estimates of labor force
characteristics appears in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of this publication.
Beginning in August 1989, the second-stage ratio estimate
cells were changed slightly to decrease the chance of very
small cells occurring and to be more consistent with published
age, sex, race cells. This change had virtually no effect on
national estimates.
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification system
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational employment data was affected as a result of changes in the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were
introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further affected
in December 1971, when a question relating to major activity
or duties was added to the monthly CPS questionnaire in order
to determine more precisely the occupational classification
of individuals. As a result of these changes, meaningful comparisions of occupational employment levels could not be
made between 1971-72 and prior years nor between those
2 years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected.
For a further explanation of the changes in the occupational
classification system, see "Revisions in Occupational
Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey" in the February 1971 and February 1972
issues, respectively, of Employment and Earnings.
135

Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial
classification systems used in the 1980 census were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from those
developed for the 1970 census, which were used in the CPS
from January 1971 through December 1982.
The 1980 census occupational classification system evolved
from the Standard Occupational Classification system (soc).
While the CPS occupational data are now comparable with
other data sources, the new system is so radically different
in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical data are not possible without major adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category
"sales workers." Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in
retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980 census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification
system (Sic), as modified in 1977. The adoption of the new
system had much less of an adverse effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most
notable changes from the 1970 system were the transfer of
farm equipment stores from "retail" to "wholesale" trade,
postal service from "public administration" to "transportation," and some interchange between "professional and
related services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational
and industrial classification systems appears in "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983"
in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings.

Changes in the sample design
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various
changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of these
changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the
sample design and/or to increase the reliability of the sample
estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census is
to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of sample areas
and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally.
In 1953, the current rotation plan was introduced, in which
a sample unit is interviewed for 4 months, leaves the sample
for 8 months, and then returns to the sample for another 4
months. When Alaska and Hawaii achieved statehood, three
more sample areas were added to account for the population
in these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major
portion of the sample from census address lists was begun,
though a portion of the sample is still collected using area
sampling. Following the 1970 census, the ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous cluster of six
housing units to a usually contiguous cluster of four housing
units. In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24 States and the District of Columbia
136




and designed to provide more reliable annual average
estimates for States, was incorporated into the design. In
October 1978, a coverage improvement sample, composed
of approximately 450 sample household units which
represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and 600,000
new construction housing units, was included in computing
the estimates in order to provide coverage of mobile homes
and new construction units that previously had no chance
for selection in the CPS sample selected from the 1970 census frame. In January 1980, another supplemental sample
of 9,000 households selected in 32 States and the District
of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample
reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May
1981. Beginning in January 1982, the sample was expanded
by 100 households to provide additional coverage in counties added to SMSA's, which were redefined in 1973.
Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was
selected based on 1980 cenus information, providing an opportunity to improve the efficiency of the sample design and
increase the reliability for State estimates. Sample households
are chosen from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973
geographic areas in the United States. This current number
of sample areas is not completely comparable to the old
number of sample areas since many of the sample areas have
been redefined. (See pp. 7-10 of the May 1984 issue of
Employment and Earnings, for an overview of these new
definitions and the introduction of the new sample.) A sample reduction of about 4,000 households was implemented
in April 1988; they were reinstated during the 8-month
period, April-November 1989.
Table A provides a description of some aspects of the CPS
sample design in use during the different data collection
periods. A more detailed account of the history of the CPS
sample design appears in the Current Population Survey:
Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau
of the Census, or Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force
Statistics Derived from the Current Population Survey,
Report 463, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously
and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents.
The estimation procedure involves weighting the data from
each sample person by the inverse of the probability of the
person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure of
the number of actual persons that the sample person
represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons
within the same State have the same probability of selection.
These estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the
ratio estimation procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for
occupied sample households for which no information was

Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date
Time period

Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956
May 1956 to Dec. 1959
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966
Jan. 1967 to July 1971
Aug. 1971 to July 1972
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979
Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981
May 1981 to Dec. 1984
Jan. 1985 to Mar. 1988
Apr. 1988 to Mar. 1989
Nov. 1989 to present3

Number of sample
areas

68
230
1
330
2333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
729
729

Households eligible
Interviewed
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000
53,200
57,400

Not interviewed
500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
2,600
2,600

Households visited but
not eligible

3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000
11,500
11,800_

1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in
each State and the District of Columbia.
2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and Hawaii
after statehood.

3
The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month period, AprilNovember 1989.

obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or
unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This
noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations
of similar sample areas that are not necessarily contained
within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based on
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size. Within
each combination of sample areas there is a further
breakdown by residence. MSA sample areas are categorized
by "central city" and "balance of the MSA." Residence
categories of non-MSA areas are "urban" and "rural." The
proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from
4 to 5 percent, depending on weather, vacation, etc.

b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample
proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted to
the distribution of independent current estimates of the
civilian noninstitutional population in the same categories.
The second-stage ratio adjustment, which is performed to
further reduce variability of the estimates and to correct to
some extent for CPS undercoverage relative to the decennial
census, is carried out in three steps. In the first step, the sample estimates are adjusted within each State and the District
of Columbia to an independent control for the population 16
years and over. The second step involves an adjustment by
Hispanic origin to a national estimate for eight age-sex
categories by Hispanic and non-Hispanic. In the third step,
a national adjustment is made by the race categories of white,
black, and other races to independent estimates by age and
sex. The white and black categories contain 38 and 24 agesex groups respectively; the other races category has 4 agesex cells. The entire second-stage adjustment procedure is
iterated six times, each time beginning at the weights
developed the previous time. This ensures that the sample
estimates of the population for both State and national agesex-race-origin categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure incorporates changes instituted in January
1985 and August 1989. The nature and effect of the 1985
changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning
in January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of Employment
and Earnings.
The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend in the growth of this segment of the population using the two most recent July 1 estimates, adjusted as
a last step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of
this group. State estimates by age for July 1 are published
annually in Current Population Reports, Series P-25. For
a description of the methodology used in developing the State
total, see Report 957 of that series. A description of the age

2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected
for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that
of the population as a whole in such characteristics as age,
race, sex, and residence. Since these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample, the survey
estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of
ratio estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of the
729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas not in
the sample; the remainder of the sample areas represent only themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was
designed to reduce the portion of the variance resulting from
requiring sample areas to represent nonsample areas.
Therefore, this procedure is not applied to sample areas
which represent only themselves. The adjustment is made
at the State level for each of the 43 States which contains
nonsample areas by race cells of black and non-black. The
procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell
at the time of the 1980 census between the race distribution
of the population in sample areas and the known race distribution of the State.




137

estimates methodology is available in Report 1010 of that
series.
Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control for
Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These
Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the 1980
census count for Hispanics by adding estimated Hispanic
births and immigrants and subtracting estimated Hispanic
deaths and emigrants to yield an estimate of the Hispanic
population by age and sex.
During the period from January 1982 to December 1984,
the "inflation-deflation" method was temporarily discontinued in the preparation of the independent national controls used for the age-sex-race groups in the third step of
the second-stage ratio estimation procedure. These controls
were prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census data after
taking account of subsequent aging of the population, births,
deaths, and net migration and then subtracting the estimate
for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in January 1985, the "inflation-deflation" method
of deriving independent population controls was reintroduced
into the CPS estimation procedure. With the "inflationdeflation" method, the independent controls are prepared
by inflating the 1980 census counts to include estimated
undercounts by age, sex, and race, aging this population forward to each subsequent month and later age by adding births
and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These post-censal
population estimates are then deflated to census level to
reflect the pattern of net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex, and race. Because an estimate of undercount
is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex
group is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method.
Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age structure of the undercount, but not the level. This feature of the
method is important since the exact amount of undercount
in the 1980 census remains unknown.
Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and the
estimate date are based on tabulations of vital statistics for
the resident population made by the National Center for
Health Statistics and data on deaths of military personnel
overseas from the Department of Defense. Estimates of net
civilian immigration are based on data provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Department of
Defense, the Office of Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning Board. The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas. The institutional population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived
from the 1980 census to the total population, including Armed
Forces overseas for the estimate date. All computations
described above are performed in cells defined by single year
of age, race, and sex. The independent national control totals
are then obtained by collapsing these cells into broader age
groups for the population 16 years and older.
Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced
into the estimation of the independent population controls.
138




For the first time, an explicit allowance for net undocumented
immigration since April 1, 1980 (the census date) was added to the estimated level of legal immigration. In addition,
an increase in the estimate of emigration of legal foreignborn residents has been incorporated into the post-censal
population estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of
these changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the
Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics for
a given month, a composite estimating procedure is used
which takes account of net changes from the previous month
for continuing parts of the sample (75 percent), as well as
the sample results for the current month. Also included is
an additional term which is an estimate of the net difference
between incoming and continuing parts of the current month's
sample. Almost all estimates of month-to-month change are
improved by this procedure, and most estimates of level are
also improved, but to a lesser extent.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the
totals shown in the same tables because of independent
rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand.
Similarly, sums of percent distributions may not always equal
100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are
insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based
on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The standard errors provided primarily indicate the magnitude of the
sampling error. They also partially measure the effect of
some nonsampling errors in response and enumeration but
do not measure any systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS, as
discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be
small on estimates of relative change, such as month-tomonth change. Estimates of monthly levels would be more
severely affected by the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many
sources, e.g., inability to obtain information about all cases
in the sample, definitional difficulties, differences in the
interpretation of questions, inability or unwillingness of
respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall
information, errors made in collection such as in recording
or coding the data, errors made in processing the data,
errors made in estimating values for missing data, and failure
to represent all sample households and all persons within

sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of
the survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is used to estimate various sources of
error as well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is
inspected through reinterview at regular intervals. The results
indicate, among other things, that the data published from
the CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS reinterview program and some of the other
results may be found in the Current Population Survey
Reinterview Program, January 1961 through December
1966, Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan
used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies
by rotation group. A description of these effects appears in
"The Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From
Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the
American Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349,
March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage
is about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS undercoverage
varies with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally,
undercoverage is larger for men than for women, and larger
for blacks, Hispanics, and other races combined than for
whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-race-origin
population controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage. However,
biases exist in the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed households or missed persons in interviewed
households have different characteristics than interviewed
persons in the same age-sex-race-origin group. Further, the
independent population controls used have not been adjusted
for undercoverage in the 1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS
appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by
the Current Population Survey," by Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and
Standards; in "The Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of
Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and
in The Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce. This last document includes a comprehensive discussion of various sources of errors, and
describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a measure
of sampling variability, that is, of the variation that occurs
by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and its estimated




standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals,
ranges that would include the average of all possible samples
with a known probability. For example, if all possible
samples were selected, each of these surveyed under essentially the same general conditions and using the same sample design, and an estimate and its estimated error were
calculated from each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error above
the estimate would include the average result of all possible
samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors
above the estimate would include the average of all possible
samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2 standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors above
the estimate would include the average result of all possible
samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable
to a large number of estimates and could be prepared at a
moderate cost, a number of approximations are required.
First, the standard errors in this volume reflect the sample
design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State estimates. Thus, these standard errors may
slightly overstate the standard errors applicable to the present design. Second, instead of computing an individual standard error for each estimate, generalized sets of standard errors are computed for various types of characteristics. This
generalization yields more stable estimates of the standard
errors. Consequently, the sets of standard errors provided
give an indication of the order of magnitude of the standard
error of an estimate rather than the precise standard error.
Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for major employment status characteristics for monthly estimates
and for changes for consecutive months. These standard errors are applicable to the level of the estimates in recent
months.
Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors
for monthly level and month-to-month change for estimated
totals, unemployment rates, and percentages. Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly level and month-tomonth change for percentages. Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in the table may be approximated by linear interpolation. The standard error for
estimated changes from one month to the next is more closely
related to the monthly level for the characteristic than to the
size of the specific month-to-month change itself. Thus, in
order to use the generalized standard errors for month-tomonth change as given in the tables of standard errors, it
is necessary to obtain the monthly estimate for the
characteristic. It should be noted that the tables of standard
errors for month-to-month change apply only to estimates of
139

Table B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(in thousands)
Standard error of—

Employment status, sex,
age, and race

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Monthly
level

Month-tomonth
change
(consecutive
months only)

275
293
136

212
224
140

173
186
93

151
163
95

211
212
83

155
160
87

88
92
59

94
102
66

94
104
68

73
79
71

59
64
44

51
57
47

76
76
45

50
54
48

36
33
30

40
38
33

change between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of change
for nonconsecutive months are subject to higher standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with tables D, F, H,
and I to compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor
force participation rates, and percentages as pertaining to the
year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages,
changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes
in yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes in
quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive
quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the standard
errors must be adjusted due to the differences in the sample
size. For years prior to 1956, the standard errors should be
multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66 period, they should
be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard errors for quarterly estimates of persons and families for
use with the CPS earnings data.
Standard errors for estimated totals. Tables D and E provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals and for
month-to-month change. The figures given in these tables
are to be used for the characteristics as indicated.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number of
persons working a specific number of hours was 12,000,000,
an increase of 400,000 over the previous month. Linear interpolation in the second column of table D shows that the
standard error on an estimate of 12,000,000 is about 174,000.
The 68-percent confidence interval as shown by these data
is from 11,826,000 to 12,174,000. Therefore, a conclusion
that the average estimate derived from all possible samples

Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics
Standard error of—
Characteristic

Characteristic
Monthly level

Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White workers
Black workers
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over

0.11
.15
.16
.67
.11
.51
.15
.19
.12
.34
.06

Consecutivemonth change

0.12
.15
.17
.81
.12
.54
.17
.21
.12
.42
.07

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technicians and related support
Sales
Administrative support, including clerical .
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective

140




Standard error of—

.22
.19
.47
.29
.23
1.18
.76

.24
.21
.52
.33
.26
1.33
.85

.39

.43

Monthly level

Occupation—Continued
Precision production, craft, and repair
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

Consecutivemonth change

0.32

0.36

.49
.59

.55
.66

.72
.68

.82
.76

Industry
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

.12

.13

1.63

1.86

.65
.26
.33
.42

.75
.29
.37
.47

.42
.27
.20
.23

.48
.30
.22
.25

1.16

1.32

lies within a range computed in this way would be correct
for roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that
the standard error of a month-to-month change is primarily
dependent on the size of the monthly estimate. Thus, using
linear interpolation in the first column of table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change of 400,000, when the
monthly level is approximately 12,000,000, is about 129,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability
of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated percentage, computed using sample data for both numerator and
denominator, depends upon both the size of the rate or
percentage and the total upon which the rate or percentage
is based. Estimated rates and percentages are relatively more
reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator
of the rates or percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of 50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are not published when the monthly base is less than
75,000, the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or
the annual average base is less than 35,000.
Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for
monthly level and month-to-month change for unemployment
rates. Generalized standard errors for estimated monthly
percentages and estimated month-to-month change in percentage can be obtained through the use of the standard errors
in table H and the factors in table I. First obtain the standard error from table H for the specific percentage and base.

The generalized standard error is then calculated by multiplying the standard error from table H by the appropriate factor from table I. When the numerator and denominator of
the percentage are in different categories, use the factor indicated by the numerator of the percentage.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month 2.9 percent of
a total of 112,440,000 employed persons are employed in
agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 2.9 percent with a base of 112,440,000 is obtained from table H
(0.08 percent). The appropriate factor from table I for the
numerator of the percentage, agricultural employment, is
1.26. The generalized standard error on the estimated 2.9
percent is then approximately 0.08 x 1.26 = 0.10 percentage point.
Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly estimates,
quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly
averages, and changes in yearly averages. The approximate
standard errors of levels, rates, and percentages involving
year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages,
changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes
in yearly averages may be obtained by using table J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for estimates
of change are more closely related to the level of the estimate
than to the size of the specific change. Thus, to obtain the
standard error of an estimate of an average level, rate, or

Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(in thousands)
(Characteristic
Unemployment

Labor force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment

Estimated monthly level
Agricultural
employment

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000

15
21
47
66
93
131
159
182
202
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Total or
white

Black

Total or
white

Black

11
16
36
51
72
101
123
141
156
188
213
_
_
_
_
-

12
17
38
53
73
97
110
116
_
_
_
_
_

12
17
37
52
74
104
126
145
161
193
219
259
286
306
319
326
327
314
274
195

12
17
37
51
70
92
104
109
108
74
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

-

1
When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group
which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard
error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error




Total or
white, 16 to Black, 16 to
19 years
19 years

12
17
36
50
68
86
92
88
72
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

12
16
32
35
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Tntpl or
I Uldl vJI
Black men
white men
only, or
only, or
women only
women only
11
15
34
49
68
95
115
132
145
172
191
215
225
222
206
172
107
_
_
-

10
14
31
43
58
73
76
69
47
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

of the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use
the column for total employed.

141

Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(in thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural
employment

Unemployment
Estimated monthly level
Total or white

50
100
500
1,000
2,000 . . . .
4,000 . . . .
6 000
8,000 . . . .
10,000 . . .
15,000 . . .
20,000 . . .
30,000 . . .
40,000 . . .
50,000 . . .
60,000 . . .
70,000 . . .
80,000 . . .
100,000 . .
120,000 . .
140,000 . .
1
2

13
18
40
56
78
108
129
144
157
177
184
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Both sexes 16
to 19 years,
or part-time
labor force2
14
20
45
63
89
124
150
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Black

13
19
41
57
76
95
99
89
58
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnote 1, table D.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons reentering

percentage, or an estimate of a change in level, rate, or
percentage, it is first necessary to find the appropriate
estimate of level. For an estimate of an average level, rate,
or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For
an estimate of change in level, rate, or percentage, find the
standard error of the average of the two estimates affecting
the change. Then, after computing the standard error by
treating these estimates as monthly estimates and using the
procedures above, multiply this result by a suitable factor
from table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the
average or change.
Illustration. Suppose that one is interested in the year-to-year
change of a monthly unemployment rate. Assume that for
a certain month the unemployment rate is 6.2 percent,
based on a total of 119,865,000 in the civilian labor force,
and that a year prior to this the unemployment rate was 7.0
percent, based on a total of 117,834,000 in the civilian labor
force for the month. First, the standard error on the average
of the two estimates, 6.6 percent with a base of 118,850,000,
is obtained from table F (0.11 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate
standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then given
by 0.11 x 1.40 = 0.15 percentage point.
The approximate standard error of levels involving yearto-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using
table K in conjunction with the following formula:
142




Black, 16 to
Total or white
19 years

9
12
27
39
55
77
93
107
119
143
163
192
213
228
238
244
245
237
212
160

14
20
38
41
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Black

Total or white, Black, 16 to
19 years
16 to 19 years

14
20
43
59
80
100
104
94
65
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

9
12
27
38
52
68
78
82
81
59
_
_
_
_
-

14
19
37
39
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by duration of
unemployment.

Standard
error of
year-to-year
change =

X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the estimate for
another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a measure of the correlation between the estimates X and Y resulting from the
presence of some of the same respondents in the sample for
each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of
quarterly estimates, the values of P are 0.30 for persons
(total, white, and black) and 0.35 for families (total, white,
and black). The respective values for estimates of Hispanics
are 0.45 and 0.55.
Illustration. Assume that in a given quarter the number of
women employed as full-time wage and salary workers was
27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year later, their number
had increased to 29,000,000. Using linear interpolation in
the eighth column of table K, the standard error of an estimate
of 27,000,000 is 216,000; for 29,000,000 it is 221,000. Using the above formula, the standard error of the 2,000,000
year-to-year change is:
(216,000)

2

+

or about 259,000.

(221,000) 2

-2(0.30)

(216,000)

(221,000),

Table F. Standard errors for unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
Monthly base of unemployment rate
(in thousands)
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6 000
10,000
20 000 .
60,000
100,000
120,000
140,000

1

2

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

50

2.28
1.61
.72
.51
.36
.25
.21
.16
.11
.07
.05
.05
.04

3.20
2.26
1.01
.72
.51
.36
.29
.23
.16
.09
.07
.07
.06

4.98
3.52
1.58
1.11
.79
.56
.45
.35
.25
.14
.11
.10
.09

6.85
4.84
2.16
1.53
1.08
.77
.62
.48
.34
.20
.15
.14
.13

8.13
5.75
2.57
1.82
1.29
.91
.74
.58
.41
.24
.18
.17
.15

9.09
6.43
2.88
2.03
1.44
1.02
.83
.64
.45
.26
.20
.19
.17

9.82
6.94
3.11
2.20
1.55
1.10
.90
.69
.49
.28
.22
.20
.19

10.36
7.33
3.28
2.32
1.64
1.16
.95
.73
.52
.30
.23
.21
.20

10.75
7.60
3.40
2.40
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
.31
.24
.22
.21

11.12
7.87
3.52
2.49
1.76
1.24
1.02
.79
.56
.32
.25
.23
.21

Table G. Standard errors for month-to-month change in unemployment rates
Monthly/ unemployment rate (percent)
Monthly base of unemployment rate
(in thousands)
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000 .
10,000
20,000
60,000
100,000
120 000
140,000

1

2

5

10

15

20

2.53
1.79
.80
.57
.40
.28
.23
.18
.13
.07
.06
.05
.05

3.57
2.52
1.13
.80
.56
.40
.33
.25
.18
.10
.08
.07
.07

5.60
3.96
1.77
1.25
.88
.63
.51
.39
.28
.16
.12
.11
.10

7.83
5.53
2.47
1.75
1.23
.87
.71
.55
.38
.21
.15
.14

9.47
6.69
2.99
2.11
1.49
1.05
.86
.66
.46
.24
.17
.15

10.79
7.63
3.41
2.41
1.70
1.20
.97
.75
.51
.27
.18
_
-

25
11.91
8.42
3.76
2.65
1.87
1.32
1.07
.82
.56
.28
_
_
-

30
12.87
9.10
4.06
2.87
2.02
1.42
1.15
.88
.60
_
_
-

35
13.71
9.69
4.33
3.05
2.15
1.51
1.22
.93
.62
_
_
-

50
15.67
11.08
4.94
3.48
2.44
1.70
1.37
1.03
_
_
_
-

Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for labor force data
Percentage of monthly level
Monthly base of percentages
(in thousands)
50
100
500
1 000
2,000
4,000
6,000
10,000
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140 000
160,000

1 or 99

2 or 98

5 or 95

10 or 90

15 or 85

20 or 80

2.34
1.65
.74
.52
.37
.26
.21
.17
.12
.08
.07
.06
.05
.05
.04
.04

3.29
2.33
1.04
.74
.52
.37
.30
.23
.16
.12
.10
.08
.07
.07
.06
.06

5.12
3.62
1.62
1.15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.26
.18
.15
.13
.11
.10
.10
.09

7.05
4.99
2.23
1.58
1.12
.79
.64
.50
.35
.25
.20
.18
.16
.14
.13
.12

8.39
5.94
2.65
1.88
1.33
.94
.77
.59
.42
.30
.24
.21
.19
.17
.16
.15

9.40
6.65
2.97
2.10
1.49
1.05
.86
.66
.47
.33
.27
.24
.21
.19
.18
.17

25 or 75
10.18
7.20
3.22
2.28
1.61
1.14
.93
.72
.51
.36
.29
.25
.23
.21
.19
.18

30 or 70 35 or 65
10.77
7.62
3.41
2.41
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
.38
.31
.27
.24
.22
.20
.19

11.21
7.93
3.55
2.51
1.77
1.25
1.02
.79
.56
.40
.32
.28
.25
.23
.21
.20

50
11.75
8.31
3.72
2.63
1.86
1.31
1.07
.83
.59
.42
.34
.29
.26
.24
.22
.21

NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in
table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specific characteristic.




143

Table I. Factors to be used with table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month
change in percentages
Factor

Factor
Characteristic

Characteristic
Monthly level

Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total
Men only
Women only
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part-time labor force

Month-tomonth change

1.26
1.26

1.05
1.50
.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18

1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.01

1.21

.97
.97

1.08
1.21

1.04
1.04

1.13
1.24

Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration of
unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Black:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Table J. Factors to be used with tables D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages,
and change in yearly averages
Factor
Characteristic

Year-to-year
change of monthly
estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in
yearly
averages

1.30
1.30
1.40

0.89
.83
.74

0.80
.80
.80

0.72
.58
.46

0.70
.70
.70

1.30
1.30
1.40

.88
.82
.74

.88
.88
.88

.67
.57
.46

.70
.70
.60

1.40
1.40

.76
.69

.88
.88

.50
.39

.65
.54

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Part time
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total or white
Black or teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time

144




Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly levels, to be used with CPS earnings data
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Women

Men

Total
Estimated quarterly level
ran-iime
workers

10
50
75
100
150
200
250
300
500
750
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
5,000
7,500
10 000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
75,000
100,000




5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
76
83
107
130
149
180
205
226
224
273
296
331
343

Tntril full-timo r\r
1 Ul&l, 1 U

Total or full-time workers

Total or full-time workers

part-time workers

ran-iime
workers

Total or
white

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
85
93
119
145
165
198
224
244
261
286
301
304
255

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
46
53
63
72
79
85
100
107
102
102
_
_
_
_
_
-

Total
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
144
187
192
207
219
233
_
-

White

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
117
140
157
183
199
209
212
201
160
160
-

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
116
138
155
179
193
199
198
174
100
_
-

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
29
37
45
50
59
65
69
71
64
64
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Total or
white
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
145
173
195
211
224
242
249
_
-

Black
5
11
13
15
19
21
24
26
33
41
46
56
63
69
74
85
88
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

145

Establishment Data
(Tables B-1 through C-8)
COLLECTION
Payroll reports provide current information on wage and
salary employment, hours, and earnings in nonfarm establishments, by industry and geographic location. Historical
statistics are published in Employment, Hours, and Earnings,
United States, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States
and Areas, and their supplements.
Federal-State cooperation
Under cooperative arrangements, responding establishments report employment, hours, and earnings data to State
agencies. State agencies mail the forms to the establishments
and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the reported data to prepare State
and area series and also send the reported data to the BLS
(Washington Office) for use in preparing the national series.
This avoids a duplicate reporting burden on establishments,
and, together with the use of similar estimating techniques
at the national and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates.
Shuttle schedules
Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and
Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent each
month so that the next month's data can be entered on the
space allotted for that month. This "shuttle" procedure
assures maximum comparability and accuracy of reporting,
since the respondent can see the figures that have been
reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total
number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of nonfarm establishments and, for most industries, employment,
payroll, and hours of production and related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay period which includes the
12th of the month.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified
into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume.
Since January 1980, this information is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports
filed by employers. For an establishment making more than
one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the
146




industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Nation (beginning with August 1990 data) and for States and
areas (beginning with January 1990 data) are classified in
accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) Manual, Office of Management and Budget. The BLS
tabulates and estimates statistics which distinguish between
private and public establishments, thus maintaining continuity
with previously published statistics for the private and
government sector.
Industry employment
Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received
pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th
of the month. For Federal Government establishments,
employment figures represent the number of persons who
occupied positions on the last day of the calendar month.
Intermittent workers are counted if they performed any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid
volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic
workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included.
Government employment covers only civilian employees;
military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central
Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency are
also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick
leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid
holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the
pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike
during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not
counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on leave
without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who were
hired but have not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of employment change (table B-7).
These indexes measure the dispersion among industries of
the change in employment over the specified time span.
Beginning with August 1990 data, the overall indexes are
calculated from 356 seasonally adjusted employment series
(three-digit industries) covering all nonfarm payroll employment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffusion indexes are based on 139 three-digit industries.
To derive the indexes, each component industry is assigned
a value of 0, 50, or 100 percent, depending on whether its
employment showed a decrease, no change, or an increase,
respectively, over the time span. The average value (mean) is
then calculated, and this percent is the diffusion index number.
The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent,
the value which indicates that the same number of component

industries had increased as had decreased. Index numbers
above 50 show that more industries had increasing employment, and values below 50 indicate that more had decreasing
employment. The margin between the percent that increased
and the percent that decreased is equal to the difference
between the index and its complement, i.e., 100 minus the
index. For example, an index of 65 percent means that 30
percent more industries had increasing employment than had
decreasing employment (65-(100-65) = 30). However, for
dispersion analysis, the distance of the index number from
the 50-percent reference point is the most significant
observation.
Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpreted as
showing the percent of components that increased over the
time span, it should be remembered that the index reflects
half of the unchanged components as well. (This is the effect of assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged components when computing the index.)
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports
of payrolls and hours for production and related workers in
manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private serviceproducing industries.
Production and related workers include working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group
leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing,
assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling, maintenance,
repair, janitorial, guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant),
recordkeeping, and other services closely associated with the
above production operations.
Construction workers include the following employees in
the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified
craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers,
etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair,
maintenance, etc., whether working at the site of construction or working in shops or yards at jobs (such as precutting
and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the
construction trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not above
the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research
aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, line
installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services are
closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th
of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions of




any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insurance,
Group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union dues; also
included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation, and sick
leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and
paid regularly each pay period); other pay not earned in the
pay period reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips; and the value
of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such as health and other types
of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc., paid by the
employer) are also excluded.
Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period which
includes the 12th of the month for production, construction,
or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours paid for
holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is received
directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production or
related workers for which overtime premiums were paid
because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of
either the straight-time workday or the workweek during the
pay period which included the 12th of the month. Weekend
and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums
were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard,
incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are
excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates
to the average hours for which pay was received and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled
hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further
reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate
weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's
aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures for 1982.
For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product
of average weekly hours and production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry
aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum of the component
aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that
portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular
hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If an
employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular rates,
receiving as total compensation his or her holiday pay plus
straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime
hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition,
weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in
the same direction from month to month. Such factors as
work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not
have the same influence on overtime hours as on average
hours. Diverse trends at the industry group level also may
be caused by a marked change in hours for a component
147

industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the
previous and current months.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on
a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors
as premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changes
in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They also
reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively
high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups and
divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings
for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period
of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of
work or time. The earnings series do not measure the level
of total labor costs on the part of the employer since the
following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items,
payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by
employers, and earnings for those employees not covered
under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage
payments. These series are compiled only for aircraft (SIC
3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing. The same concepts and estimation methods
apply to these series as apply to the average hourly earnings
series described above; the one difference between the series
is definitional. The payroll data used to calculate this series
include lump-sum payments made to production workers in
lieu of general wage rate increases; such payments are excluded from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate
the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 and SIC 3761
covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data
are adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year and
cover the following 12-month period. In order to spread the
payment across this time period, a prorated portion of the
payment is added to the payroll each month. This prorated
portion is adjusted by an exit rate to reduce the lump-sum
amount to account for persons who received the payment but
left before the payment allocation period expired.
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay are computed
by dividing the total production worker payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours
and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are
made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time
and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads
(excluding switching and terminal companies) are based on
148




monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees
except executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC group
I) who received pay during the month. Average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total
hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by
dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a
weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above.
Average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average
weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but
also by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly
variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time
workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees
are not paid may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-term trends of average weekly earnings can be affected by structural changes in the makeup of the work force.
For example, persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced average workweeks in these
industries and have affected the average weekly earnings
series.
Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are
calculated from the earnings averages for the current month
using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price Index for
Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W).
ESTIMATING METHODS
The principal features of the procedure used to estimate
employment for the establishment statistics are (1) the use
of the "link relative" technique, which is a form of ratio
estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of employment levels
to new benchmarks; and (3) the use of size and regional
stratification.
The "link relative" technique
From a sample composed of establishments reporting for
both the previous and current months, the ratio of currentmonth employment to that of the previous month is computed. This is called a "link relative." The estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month
by these "link relatives." In addition, bias correction factors are applied to most employment estimates each month.
The size of the bias correction factors is determined from
past benchmark comparisons. Beginning with data for April
1983, these factors are modified by changes in the

sample link relatives for the most recent quarter. Other
features of the general procedures are described in table L.

a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size stratum of a region
within an industry.

Size and regional stratification

Benchmark adjustments

A number of industries are stratified by size of establishment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the hours and earnings for aggregation into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment, hours, or
earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a whole industry or

Employment estimates are compared periodically with
benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for the
various nonfarm industries, and appropriate adjustments are
made as indicated. The industry estimates are currently projected from March 1989 levels. Benchmark adjustments are
made annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are

Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or
region/size cell)

Employment, hours,
and earnings

Aggregate industry level (division and,
where stratified, industry)

Monthly data
All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by
ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month, for sample establishments
which reported for both months.1

Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells.

All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by
(1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to
all employees in sample establishments for current
month, (2) estimated ratio of women to all employees.2

Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates,
or estimates of women employees, for component cells.

Average weekly hours . . .

Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by
number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2

Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory
worker employment, of the average weekly hours for
component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours . . . .

Production worker overtime hours divided by number
of production workers.2

Average, weighted by production worker employment, of
the average weekly overtime hours for component cells.

. . . . Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll
divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker
hours.2

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average
hourly earnings for component cells.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

All employees...

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
employees

Average hourly earnings . . .

Average weekly earnings...

Annual average data
All employees, women employees, and
production or nonsupervisory workers

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Average weekly hours

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by average
weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment

Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers.

Average weekly overtime hours . . . .

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (production
worker employment multiplied by average weekly
overtime hours) divided by annual sum of employment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for production
workers divided by annual sum of employment for
these workers.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by weekly
hours and hourly earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by annual
aggregate hours.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Average hourly earnings . . . .

....

Average weekly earnings . . . .

....

1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed
enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly
hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by




a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising
mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure
accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and,
at the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest
sample average.

149

employment data, by industry, compiled quarterly by State
agencies from reports of establishments covered under State
unemployment insurance laws. These tabulations cover about
98 percent of employees on nonfarm payrolls in the United
States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained from
the records of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate
Commerce Commission, and a number of other agencies in
private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared with
new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are
necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new benchmark and
the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry
is then carried forward progressively to the current month
by use of the sample trends. Thus, under this procedure, the
benchmark is used to establish the level of employment; the
sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in
the level. A comparison of the actual amounts of revisions
made at the time of the March 1990 benchmark adjustment
is shown in table M.
Normally, data for all months since the last benchmark
to which the series has been adjusted are subject to revision.
Revised data are published as soon as possible after each
benchmark revision.
THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is
known as " sampling proportionate to average size of
establishment.'' This design is an optimum allocation design
among strata since the sampling variance is proportional to
the average size of establishments. Under this type of design,
large establishments fall into the sample with certainty. The
size of the sample for the various industries is determined
empirically on the basis of experience and of cost considerations. In a manufacturing industry in which a high proportion of total employment is concentrated in relatively few
establishments, a larger percent of total employment is
Table M. Comparison of nonfarm employment benchmarks and
estimates for March 1990

included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for
such industries provides for a complete census of the large
establishments with only a few chosen from among the
smaller establishments or none at all if the concentration of
employment is great enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is
in small establishments, the sample design calls for inclusion of all large establishments and also for a substantial
number of the small ones. Many industries in the trade and
services divisions fall into this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by available resources,
it is necessary to design samples for these industries with
a smaller proportion of universe employment than is the case
for most manufacturing industries. Since individual
establishments in these nonmanufacturing divisions generally
show less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than do establishments in manufacturing industries,
these smaller samples (in terms of employment) generally
produce reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS establishment survey program,
with its emphasis on producing timely data at minimum cost,
a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of
a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide
reasonably reliable estimates that can be published promptly and regularly. The present sample meets these specifications for most industries. With its use, the BLS is able to produce preliminary estimates each month for many industries
and for many geographic levels within a few weeks after the
reference period, and, at a somewhat late date, statistics in
considerably greater industrial detail.
Coverage
The BLS sample of establishment employment and payrolls
is the largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social
statistics. Table N shows the latest benchmarks and the approximate proportion of total employment in each industry
division covered by the group of establishments furnishing
monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions
shown.
Reliability

(Numbers in thousands)
Difference
Industry

Benchmark

Estimate
Level

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government

150




Percent

109,114
692
4,865
19,160

109,343
715
4,906
19,109

-229
-23
-41
51

-0.2
-3.3
- .8
.3

5,735
6,167
19,302

5,750
6,326
19,361

-15
-159
-59

-2~6
-.3

6,681
27,944
18,568

6,774
27,866
18,536

-93
78
32

-1.4
.3
.2

_3

Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment
sample assures a high degree of accuracy, the estimates
derived from it may differ from the figures that would be
obtained if it were possible to take a complete census using
the same schedules and procedures. As discussed under the
previous section, a link relative technique is used to estimate
employment. This requires the use of the previous month's
estimate as the base in computing the current month's
estimate. Thus, small sampling and response errors may accumulate over several months. To remove this accumulated
error, the estimates are adjusted annually to new
benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and

Table N. Employment benchmarks and approximate coverage
of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 1990
Sample coverage1
Industry

Total

Benchmarks Number of
(thousands) establishments

Employees
Number
Percent of
(thousands) benchmarks

109,114

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government:
Federal
State
Local

289,390

40,714

37

692
4,865
19,160

3,314
26,593
52,304

279
963
9,236

40
20
48

5,735
6,167
19,302

2

14,686
25,029
57,331

2

2,370
1,153
4,214

41
19
22

6,681
27,944

21,395
66,947

2,110
6,506

32
23

3,082
4,386
11,100

(3)
5,175
16,616

3,082
3,498
7,303

100
80
66

1
Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Since not all establishments
report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings estimates are based
on a smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete count of employment for Class I railroads. A small sample is used to estimate hours and earnings data.
3
Total Federal employment counts by agency for use in national estimates
are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry
estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal
employment, are based on a sample of 6,000 reports covering about 58 percent of employment in Federal establishments.

in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments. Another cause of differences arises from improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O
presents the average percent revisions of the five most recent benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed
descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are available
from the Bureau upon request.
The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating cells
are not subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader
groupings may be affected slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings estimates, however,
are subject to sampling errors, which may be expressed as
relative errors of the estimates. (A relative error is a standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate.) Relative
errors for major industries are presented in table O and for
individual industries with the specified number of employees
in table P. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours
and earnings estimates from the sample would differ by a
smaller percentage than the relative error from the averages
that would have been obtained from a complete census.
One measure of the reliability of the employment estimates
for individual industries is the root-mean-square error
(RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for
the bias in estimates:
RMSE

Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment
estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)

Industry

Total
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government3

Average
benchmark
revision in
employment
estimates1

Relative error2
Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

.3
2.6
1.3
.7
.6
.9
.6
1.5
.5

0.1
1.0
.2
.1
.1
.1
.7
.2
.2

0.2
1.3
.5
.2
.3
.2
.6
.4
.4

.6
.4
.3

.2
.4

.4
.6

0.2

=

(standard deviation)2

If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that
an estimate from the sample would differ from its benchmark
by less than the root-mean-square error. The chances are
about 19 out of 20 that the difference would be less than twice
the root-mean-square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based on
the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences between
final estimates and benchmarks are presented in table P.
For the two most recent months, estimates of employment,
hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so footnoted in
the tables. These figures are based on less than the total sample and are revised when all the reports in the sample have
been received. Table Q presents root-mean-square errors of
Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings

1

The average percent revision in employment for the 1986-90 benchmarks.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
3
Data for government are based on a total count for Federal Government
provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a sample of State and
local government reports.
2

response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts the estimates
for changes in the industrial classification of individual
establishments (resulting from changes in their product which
are not reflected in the levels of estimates until the data are
adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed
industry levels, particularly within manufacturing, changes




(bias)2

+

Size of employment estimate

50,000 . . .
100,000 . .
200,000 . .
500,000 . .
1,000,000 .
2,000,000 .
1
2

Root-meansquare
error of
employment
estimates1
2,100
3,900
5,600
14,000
15,000
26,000

Relative error2
(in percent)
Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

2.2
1.3
1.1
.9
.8
.5

4.0
2.3
2.0
1.6
1.2
.9

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

151

the amounts of revisions that may be expected between the
preliminary and final levels of employment and preliminary
and final month-to-month changes. Revisions of preliminary
hours and earnings estimates are normally not greater than
0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1 cent for hourly
earnings.

STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
State and area employment, hours, and earnings data are
collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with
BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Defini-

tions for all areas are published each year in the issue of
Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may
be obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back
cover of each issue. These statistics are based on the same
establishment reports used by BLS for preparing national
estimates. For employment, the sum of the State figures may
differ slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a
national basis, because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification.

Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Root-mean-square error of—
Industry

Monthly
level

Month-to-month
change

Total

77,500

78,300

Total private

60,600

58,900

20,700

20,900

3,400
2,800

3,000
2,500

Construction
General building contractors

12,800
5,300

13,600
5,500

Manufacturing

14,100

14,400

12,200
2,100
1,500
1,400
3,800

11,600
1,900
1,400
1,400
3,300

2,600
2,200

2,300
2,100

3,900

3,300

4,100
6,800
5,700
2,000
1,700

3,800
6,600
6,100
2,100
1,600

7,500
5,100
1,000
1,900

7,600
4,600
900
1,700

3,300
1,700

3,300
1,500

Root-mean-square error of—
Industry

Goods-producing industries
Mining
Oil and gas extraction

Monthly
level

Month-to-month
change

2,000
2,600
1,200

1,900
2,800
1,100

1,600
1,300

1,600
1,200

70,600

69,600

12,800
10,500
5,000

11,600
9,000
4,500

7,200
5,000
4,500

6,200
4,200
3,900

34,300
20,700
6,300

28,600
18,500
5,500

4,200
8,200

5,000
6,400

7,500
4,300
3,600
4,000

6,400
3,900
3,100
3,600

Services
Business services
Health services

31,300
12,100
8,200

32,800
11,800
7,900

Government
Federal
State
Local

54,200
17,500
20,700
36,300

48,000
14,000
17,200
36,800

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products . .
Petroleum and coal products . . .
Rubber and misc. plastics
products
Leather and leather products . . .
Service-producing industries

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products .
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic
steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery
and equipment
Electronic and other
electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment.
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile
products
Paper and allied products

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and
service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate . .
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

NOTE: Errors are based on differences from January 1985 through December 1990. Data used in the computations for several industries are not strictly
comparable due to changes in the industrial classification system.

152




Productivity Data
(Tables C-9 through C-11)
COLLECTION
Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics from establishment and household survey labor input data and from measures of compensation and output supplied by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the Federal
Reserve Board.
CONCEPTS
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural
establishments (table C-9) refer to hours paid for all
employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers,
and salaried workers. For productivity and cost measures
(tables C-10, 11), hours of all persons include hours of
employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. Labor
input is measured by hours at the work site.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final goods
and services produced in a given period. Indexes of output
per hour of all persons (productivity) measure changes in
the volume of goods and services produced per hour at work.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries of
employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance
and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate
of wages, salaries, and supplementary payments for the selfemployed, except for nonfmancial corporations, in which
there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per hour adjusted by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).

Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost required to produce one unit of output and are derived by
dividing compensation per hour by output per hour.
Unit nonlaborpayments include profits, capital consump-

tion allowances, interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes per unit of output. They are computed by subtracting compensation of all persons from the current-dollar
gross product originating in the sector and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor payments except unit profits.
Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the
current-dollar estimate of gross product by the constantdollar estimate, making the deflator, in effect, a price index
for gross product of the sector reported.
NOTES ON THE DATA
For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector,
these indexes relate to the gross domestic product less general
government, households and institutions, owner-occupied
housing, and the statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic
product of nonfmancial corporate business. All measures are
seasonally adjusted.
Manufacturing output data are supplied by the Bureau of
Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, and the
Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to annual estimates
of output (gross product originating) from the Bureau of
•Economic Analysis.
Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear
in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81, BLS Bulletin
2178. Additional information may be obtained from the
Office of Productivity and Technology (202-523-9261).

State and Area Labor Force Data
(D table)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor
market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under Federal
assistance programs are developed by State employment
security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative program.
The local unemployment estimates which are derived from
standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis for
determining eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal
programs such as the Job Training and Partnership Act, the
Economic Dislocation and Worker Adjustment Assistance
Act, and the Urban Development Action Grant program.
Annual average data for the States and areas shown in table




D are published in Employment and Earnings (usually the
May issue). For regions, States, selected metropolitan areas,
and central cities, annual average data classified by selected
demographic, social, and economic characteristics are
published in the BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other small
areas have been prepared for administration of various Federal
economic assistance programs and may be ordered from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The report "Unemployment in
States and Local Areas" is published monthly through GPO and
is available in microfiche form only, on a subscription basis.
153

ESTIMATING METHODS
Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment
estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, and over 2,600 labor market areas. The
estimation methods are described below for States (and the
District of Columbia) and for sub-State areas. A more
detailed description of the estimation procedure is contained
in the BLS document, "Manual for Developing Local Area
Unemployment Statistics."
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force and
unemployment estimates for the 11 largest States—California,
Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New
York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas—are
sufficiently reliable to be taken directly from the Current
Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly basis. These are
termed "direct-use States." For a description of the CPS
concepts, see "Household Data," above.
For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia,
which do not use the CPS directly each month, regression
models (sets of equations) are used to develop employment
and unemployment estimates. These, then, are the "nondirect-use" States. The regression techniques are based on
historical and current relationships found within each State's
economy as reflected in the different sources of data that are
available for each State—the CPS, the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) survey, and the unemployment insurance (ui)
system. When the estimation procedures were introduced in
1989, over 10 years of data were used to develop the
equations for each State. While all the State models have
important variables in common, they differ somewhat from
one another so as to better reflect individual State characteristics.
Two models—one for employment and one for the
unemployment rate—are used for each State. The unemployment rate, rather than the unemployment level, is modeled,
primarily because the rate is usually more meaningful for
economic analysis.
The employment models use the CES estimates of nonfarm
wage and salary jobs and also include data for employed
persons not covered or only partially covered by the CES
survey. Typically, these are agricultural workers, the selfemployed, unpaid family workers, and private household
workers.
The unemployment rate models also include different types
of data. Data for UI claimants (without earnings due to employment) are used to represent most of the experienced
unemployed. The models also include an employment-topopulation ratio which reflects both the business cycle and
the experienced unemployed not covered by the ui claims
data. New entrants and reentrants into the labor force are
also reflected in the models. For some States, the models
include variables which reflect seasonal factors not reflected
in the other data used, such as the large increase in the labor
force at the end of the school year.
In both the employment and unemployment rate models,
154




an important feature is the use of a technique that allows the
equations to adjust automatically to structural changes that
occur. The models are termed "variable coefficient models"
because they include a built-in tuning mechanism, known as
the Kalman Filter, which revises a model's coefficients when
the new data that become available each month indicate that
changes in the data relationships have taken place. Once the
estimates are developed from the models, the unemployment
level and labor force estimates are calculated.
Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, monthly
estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and the District
of Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the
annual average CPS estimates. The benchmarking technique
employs a procedure (called the Denton method) which
adjusts the annual average of the models to equal the CPS
annual average, while preserving, as much as possible, the
original monthly seasonal pattern of the model estimates.
In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction is
required, as the average of the 12 monthly State CPS
estimates will equal the CPS annual averages.
Estimates for sub-State areas
Monthly labor force and employment estimates for two
large sub-State areas—New York City and the Los AngelesLong Beach metropolitan area—are obtained directly from
the CPS. Estimates for all other sub-State areas, more than
2,600 labor market areas (LMA'S), are prepared through indirect estimation techniques, described below.
Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilian
employment estimates are based on CES data. These "placeof-work" estimates must be adjusted to refer to place-ofresidence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from
place-of-work to place-of-residence have been developed for
several categories of employment on the basis of employment
relationships at the time of the 1980 decennial census. These
factors are applied to the CES estimates for the current period
to obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which are added
estimates for employment not represented in the CES—
agriculture, nonagricultural self-employed and unpaid family
workers, and private household workers.
Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the current month,
the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the estimates
for each of three categories: (1) persons who were previously
employed in industries covered by State UI laws; (2) those
previously employed in industries not covered by these laws;
and (3) those who were entering the civilian labor force for
the first time or reentering after a period of separation.
Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employment
and unemployment are prepared for the State and LMA'S
within the State. The LMA estimates geographically exhaust
the entire State. Thus, a proportional adjustment must be
applied to all sub-State LMA estimates to ensure that they add
to the independently estimated State totals for employment
and unemployment.

Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State
estimates are revised. The revisions incorporate any changes
in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based employment
figures, corrections in claims counts, and updated historical

relationships. The corrected estimates are then readjusted to
add to the revised (benchmarked) State estimates of
employment and unemployment.

Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp
fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in
weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major
holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. Because
these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical and
other nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating
changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note
that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based
on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a
broader margin of possible error than the original data on
which they are based, since they are subject not only to
sampling and other errors but are also affected by the
uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself.
Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and
establishment-based data are published monthly in
Employment and Earnings.
Since January 1980, national labor force data have been
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll ARIMA
(Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was
developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the standard
X-ll method. A detailed description of the procedure appears
in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method by Estela
Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E,
January 1983.
At the beginning of each calendar year, projected seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated for use during the JanuaryJune period. In July of each year, BLS calculates and
publishes in Employment and Earnings projected seasonal
adjustment factors for use in the second half, based on the
experience through June. Revisions of historical data for the
most recent 5 years are made only at the beginning of each
calendar year. However, as a result of the revisions to the
estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980 census population
counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982
were carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For
example, for each of the three major labor force components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural
employment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age
groups (men and women under and over 20 years of age)




are separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then
added to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The
seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum of eight
seasonally adjusted civilian employment components, plus
the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality),
and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the
total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment
components; and the overall unemployment rate is derived
by dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment by
the estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of various series, components will not
necessarily add to totals.
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor force
series based on the experience through December, new seasonal
adjustment factors to be used to calculate the civilian
unemployment rate for the first 6 months of the following year,
and a description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure
are published in each January issue of Employment and
Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the revision
period for a broader range of labor force series are published
in the February issue of this publication.
Since the early 1980's, the BLS has also used the X-ll
ARIMA procedure to seasonally adjust establishment-based
employment, hours, and earnings data. The X-ll ARIMA
program has been run once each year after benchmarking
and seasonal adjustment factors have been projected and
published for 12 months ahead (April-March). Beginning
in June 1989, with the introduction of the March 1988
benchmarks, the Bureau introduced a modification to this
procedure to parallel that used in seasonally adjusting
household survey data. Projected seasonal adjustment factors
are calculated and published twice a year. Revisions of
historical data will continue to be made once a year,
coincident with benchmark revisions.
All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative
models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors are
directly applied to the component levels. Seasonally adjusted
totals for most of these series are then obtained by taking
a weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data for the
component series.
Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the
product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and
seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average weekly
earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are
obtained by dividing average weekly earnings, seasonally
adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index?
for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), and
155

multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsupervisory
workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the 1982 annual
average base. For total private, total goods-producing, total
private service-producing, and major industry divisions, the
indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are
obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally
adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing
by the 1982 annual average base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number of
series characterized by small seasonal components relative to
their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These failed or
unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series, however, are used in
the aggregation to broader level seasonally adjusted series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government
employment are derived from unadjusted data which include
Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal
Service. The number of temporary census workers for the

156




decennial census, however, are removed prior to the
calculation of seasonal adjustment factors.
BLS has developed an extension of X-ll ARIMA to allow
it to adjust more adequately for the effects of the presence
or absence of religious holidays in the April survey reference
period and of Labor Day in the September reference period.
This extension was applied for the first time at the end of
1989 to three persons-at-work labor force series which tested
as having significant and well-defined effects in their April
data associated with the timing of Easter. This extension was
also used for the seasonal adjustment of many of the establishment-based series on average weekly hours and manufacturing overtime hours, starting with the computation of the
projected factors for the period beginning in April 1990.
Revised seasonally adjusted establishment-based series based
on the experience through March 1991, new seasonal
adjustment factors for May-October 1991, and a description
of the current seasonal adjustment procedure appear in the
June 1991 issue of Employment and Earnings.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Regional Office

Cooperating State Agencies
Current Employment Statistics (CES) and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Programs
BLS
Region

REGION I—BOSTON
1 Congress Street
10th Floor
Boston, MA 02114
Phone: (617) 565-2327
REGION II—NEW YORK
Room 808
201 Varick Street
New York, NY 10014
Phone: (212) 337-2400
REGION III—PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, PA 19101
Phone: (215) 596-1154
REGION IV—ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street, NE.
Atlanta, GA 30367
Phone: (404) 347-4416
REGION V—CHICAGO
9th Floor
230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604
Phone: (312) 353-1880
REGION VI-DALLAS
Room 221
Federal Building
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, TX 75202
Phone: (214) 767-6970
REGIONS VII and VIII—
KANSAS CITY
15th Floor
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, MO 64106
Phone: (816) 426-2481
REGIONS IX and X—
SAN FRANCISCO
71 Stevenson Street
P.O. Box 193766
San Francisco, CA 94119
Phone: (415) 744-6600




IV
X
IX
VI
IX

VIII
I

III

III

IV

IV

IX

X
V
V

| VII
VII
IV

VI

I

III

I

V

V

IV

VII

ALABAMA

BLS
Region

Department of Industrial Relations, Room 427,
VIII
Industrial Relations Bldg., Montgomery 36130
Department of Labor, Research and Analysis
ALASKA
VII
Section, 1111 West 8th St., Juneau 99802-5501
Department of Economic Security, 1300 West
IX
ARIZONA
Washington St., Phoenix 85005
ARKANSAS
I
Employment Security Department.
P.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 72203-2981
CALIFORNIA
II
Employment Development Department, Employment Data and Research Division, 7000
VI
Franklin Blvd., Bldg. 1100, Sacramento 95823
Department of Labor and Employment, Suite
COLORADO
801, 1120 Lincoln Street, Denver 80203
II
Labor Department, Employment Security
CONNECTICUT
Division, 200 Folly Brook Blvd,
Wethersfield 06109
IV
Department of Labor, Office of Occupational
DELAWARE
and Labor Market Information, P.O. Box 9029,
Newark 19714-9029
VIII
Department of Employment Services, Division
V
DIST. OF COL.
of Labor Market Information and Analysis,
Room 201, 500 C St., NW., Washington,
DC 20001
VI
FLORIDA
Florida Department of Labor and Employment
Security, Bureau of Labor Market Information,
Suite 203, 2574 Seagate Dr., Tallahassee
X
32399-0674
Department of Labor, Labor Information
GEORGIA
III
Systems, 148 International Blvd., NE.,
Atlanta 30303
Department of Labor and Industrial Relations,
HAWAII
II
Research and Statistics Office, Room 304,
830 Punchbowl St., Honolulu 96813
Department of Employment, 317 Main St.,
IDAHO
Boise 83735
Department of Employment Security, (2 South),
ILLINOIS
I
401 South State St., Chicago 60605
Department of Employment and Training
INDIANA
IV
Services. Statistical Services Division,
10 North Senate Avenue,
Indianapolis 46204
Department of Employment Services, 1000 East
IOWA
VIII
Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka
KANSAS
IV
Avenue, Topeka 66603
Department for Employment Services, Labor
KENTUCKY
Market Research and Analysis Branch,
VI
275 East Main St., Frankfort 40621
Department of Labor, Research and Statistics
VIII
LOUISIANA
Section, 1001 North 23rd St., Baton Rouae
70804-9094
Department of Labor, Division of Economic
I
MAINE
Analysis and Research, 20 Union St.,
Augusta 04330
Department of Employment and Training,
III
MARYLAND
Research and Analysis Division, 1100 North
Eutaw St., Baltimore 21201
II
Department of Employment and Training,
MASSACHUSETTS Government Center. Charles F. Hurley Bldg.,
Boston 02114
X
Employment Security Commission, Research
MICHIGAN
and Statistics Division, Room 516, 7310
Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
III
Department of Jobs and Training, Research
MINNESOTA
and Statistics Division, 5th Fl., 390 North
Robert St., St. Paul 55101
V
Employment Security Commission, Labor
MISSISSIPPI
Market Information Division, P.O. Box 1699,
Jackson 39215-1699
VIII
Division of Employment Security, P.O. Box 59,
MISSOURI
Jefferson City 65104

MONTANA
NEBRASKA

Department of Labor and Industry, P.O. Box
1728, Helena 59624
Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln

68509-4600
NEVADA

Employment Security Department, 500 East
3rd St., Carson City 89713
NEW HAMPSHIRE Department of Employment Security, 32 South
Main St., Concord 03301
NEW JERSEY
Department of Labor, Division of Planning and
Research, P.O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625
NEW MEXICO
Employment Security Commission, 401 Broadway, TIWA Bldg., Albuquerque 87103
NEW YORK
Department of Labor, Division of Research and
Statistics, State Campus, Room 400, Bldg. 12,
Albany 12240-0020
NORTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Box 25903,
Raleigh 27611
NORTH DAKOTA Job Service, P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58502
OHIO
Bureau of Employment Services, Labor Market
Information Division, 1160 Dublin Rd.,
Columbus 43215
OKLAHOMA
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Planning Division, 2401 North Lincoln,
Oklahoma City 73105
OREGON
Employment Division, 875 Union St., NE.,
Salem 97311
PENNSYLVANIA
Department of Labor and Industry, Research
and Statistics Division, Room 1216, 7th
and Forster Sts., Harrisburg 17121
PUERTO RICO
Department of Labor and Human Resources,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, 17th Fl., 505 Munoz
Rivera Avenue, Hato Rey 00918 (CES), Bureau
of Employment Security, Research and Analysis
Section, 15th FL, 505 Munoz Rivera Avenue,
Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
RHODE ISLAND
Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason
St., Providence 02903
SOUTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Box 995,
Columbia 29202
SOUTH DAKOTA Department of Labor, Labor Market Information
Center, P.O. Box 4730, Aberdeen 57401
TENNESSEE
Department of Employment Security, Research
and Statistics Division, 519 Cordell Hull Office
Bldg., Nashville 37219
TEXAS
Employment Commission, Room 208-T, 1117
Trinity St., Austin 78778
UTAH
Department of Employment Security, Labor
Market Information Services, P.O. Box 11249,
Salt Lake City 84147
VERMONT
Department of Employment and Training, Office
of Policy and Public Information, P.O. Box 488,
Montpelier 05602
VIRGINIA
Employment Commission, Economic Information
Services, P.O. Box 1358, Richmond 23211
VIRGIN ISLANDS Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics,
53-A, 54-A&B Kronprindsens Gade Charlotte
Amalie, St. Thomas 00801-3359 (CES)
WASHINGTON
Employment Security Department, Labor Market
and Economic Analysis Branch, 605 Woodview
Dr., Olympia 98503
WEST VIRGINIA
Department of Employment Security, Division
of Labor and Economic Security, 112 California
Avenue, Charleston 25305
WISCONSIN
Department of Industry, Labor, and Human
Relations, Labor Market Information Bureau,
201 East Washington Avenue, Madison 53707
WYOMING
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Analysis Section, P.O. Box 2760,
Casper 82602