Full text of Employment and Earnings : December 1989

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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
December 1989

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DDDD




U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Elizabeth Dole, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of
Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of
Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in
cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief
description of the cooperative statistical programs of the
BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory
Notes. The State agencies are listed on the inside back
cover.
Employment and Earnings may be ordered through the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Subscription price
per year $25 domestic and $31.25 foreign. Single copy
$8.50 domestic and $10.63 foreign. Annual supplement
$14 domestic and $17.50 foreign. Prices are subject to
change by the U.S. Government Printing Office.

Calendar of Features

In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.

Household data
Annual averages
Union affiliation
Revised seasonally adjusted series

Jan.
Jan.
Jan., Feb.

Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons
not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin,
Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans, family
relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty
area data
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.
Establishment data
National annual averages:

Correspondence concerning subscriptions, including address changes and missing issues, should be sent to the
Superintendent of Documents. Phone (202) 275-3054.
Communications on material in this publication should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and Earnings,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC 20212, or
phone: Gloria P. Green (202) 523-1959.
Second class postage paid at Washington, DC, and at
additional mailing addresses.
Material in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without
permission.

Industry divisions (preliminary)

Jan.

Industry detail (final)

Mar.

Women employees (final)

Mar.

National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and
new seasonal adjustment factors

June

Revised historical national data

Supplement1

State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

May

ISSN 0013-6840




State and area labor force data
Annual averages

The latest supplement was published in August 1989.

May

Employment and Earnings
Vol. 36

No. 12

December 1989

Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Rosalie K. Epstein

Editors' Note
In accordance with usual practice, the January issue of this publication will incorporate revisions in
seasonally adjusted unemployment and other labor force series derived from the household survey.
Seasonally adjusted data for the most recent 5 years are subject to revision each year.

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Employment and unemployment developments, November 1989

2
5

Statistical tables:

HistoricalHousehold data
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings

6
43
79

Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Establishment data:
Employment:
National
State and area
Hours and earnings:
National
State and area
State and area labor force data

9

44
61
82
104
Ill

Seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
Productivity data .
Explanatory notes




36
56
101
108
117

MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA

Page

Employment Status
AAAAAAA-

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

A- 8.
A- 9.
A-10.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1955 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1978 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1955 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school
enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
Employment status of persons in families by family relationship

6
7
8
9
12
13
14
16
17
18

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-l 1.
A-12.
A-13.
A-14.
A-15.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.

Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed

persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
persons by occupation and sex
persons by industry and sex
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
persons by duration of unemployment
persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used

19
20
21
22
23
23
24
25
26
26

Characteristics of the Employed
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.

Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
Employed civilians by industry and occupation
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status

27
28
29
30
31
31
32
32
33
34
35

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.




Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed in the
United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic
origin, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted

36
37
38
39
40
40
41
41
42
42

MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Page

Employment-National
BBBB-

1.
2.
3.
4.

B- 5.
B- 6.
B- 7.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1937 to date
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

43
44
55
56
57
58
59

Employment-States and Areas
B- 8.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

61

Hours and Earnings-National
C- 1.

Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
C- 2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by detailed industry
C- 2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles
(SIC 3761) manufacturing
C- 3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
C- 4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars
C- 5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
C- 6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
C- 7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted

79
82
98
99
..

100
101
102
103

Hours and Earnings-States and Areas
C- 8.

Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and
selected areas

...

104

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
C- 9.
C-10.
C-ll.

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry,
seasonally adjusted
Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates

108
109
110

MONTHLY STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
D- 1.

Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas




..Ill




Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference

month

Release date

Reference

month

Release date

December

January 5

March

April 6

January

February 2

April

May 4

February

March 9

May

June 1

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, November 1989

Employment rose in November and unemployment was
little changed. The overall jobless rate was 5.3 percent and
the civilian worker rate was 5.4 percent; they had been 5.2
and 5.3 percent, respectively, in the prior 2 months.
Nonagricultural payroll employment, as measured by the
survey of business establishments, rose by 210,000 from the
October level, which has been revised downward. Total
civilian employment, as measured by the survey of
households, increased by 240,000 in November.
Unemployment
The number of unemployed persons, 6.7 million, and the
civilian worker unemployment rate, 5.4 percent, were about
unchanged in November. The jobless rate has hovered between 5.0 and 5.4 percent for more than a year now. There
were also few changes in the jobless rates among individual
worker groups. The rate for adult men was 4.7 percent, identical to that for adult women. Unemployment rates were virtually unchanged for teenagers (15.5 percent), whites (4.6
percent), blacks (12.1 percent), and Hispanics (7.8 percent).
(See tables A-33 and A-34.)
Although the total number of unemployed was little changed,
the number of jobless persons who were on layoff from their
jobs rose substantially over the month; the November level
was nearly 1 million, up from a range of 750,000-875,000
over the past year. (See table A-41.)
Civilian employment and the labor force
Total civilian employment rose by 240,000 in November
to a seasonally adjusted level of 117.8 million. Adult women
accounted for all of this gain. Over the past year, civilian
employment has expanded by 1.9 million, with the increase
about evenly divided between adult men and adult women.
This raised the proportion of the working-age population that
is employed to 63.0 percent, as compared with 62.6 percent
a year earlier. (See table A-33.)
The seasonally adjusted civilian labor force rose by
410,000 in November to 124.5 million, and the labor force
participation rate matched June's all-time high of 66.6 percent. Over the past 12 months, the labor force grew by 2
million persons. (See table A-33.)
Industry payroll employment
Total nonagricultural payroll employment increased by
210,000 in November to 109.4 million, seasonally adjusted,



following an increase of 95,000 (as revised) in October. The
November increase was virtually all in the service-producing sector, particularly in the services industry and trade. While payroll
job growth has totaled 2.6 million over the past year, gains
averaged only 160,000 a month since June. (See table B-4.)
Manufacturing jobs continued to decline in November, falling by 25,000 to 19.5 million. The largest job losses were
in the auto industry and electrical equipment; several other
industries posted small declines. These movements were partially offset by increases in printing and publishing and the
machinery industry, the latter due mainly to workers returning from a strike. The number of jobs in the oil and gas extraction component of the mining industry continued to grow,
and construction employment edged up (after seasonal adjustment), as seasonal cutbacks were less than expected.
In the service-producing sector, the largest increase was
in the services industry itself, where the number of jobs grew
by 125,000, partly reflecting continued strength in health services. Jobs in wholesale trade, finance, and real estate also
increased over the month. In retail trade, employment in food
stores and eating and drinking places rose in November; the
buildup of holiday seasonal hiring in general merchandise
and other retail stores about equaled seasonal expectations.
Weekly hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls edged down by
0.1 hour in November to 34.6 hours, seasonally adjusted.
The manufacturing workweek also moved down by 0.1 hour
to 40.7 hours. Factory overtime was unchanged at 3.7 hours.
(See table C-5.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls fell
by 0.2 percent to 129.0 (1977 = 100), after seasonal adjustment. The index for manufacturing fell 0.4 percent to 94.8.
(See table C-6.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of private nonagricultural production or nonsupervisory workers were about unchanged
in November, seasonally adjusted, while average weekly earnings declined by 0.4 percent. Prior to seasonal adjustment,
average hourly earnings were $9.80, and average weekly earnings were down $3.29 to $338.10. Over the year, average hourly
earnings increased by 3.6 percent, while average weekly earnings grew by 3.0 percent. (See tables C-l and C-7.)

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1955 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Year
and
month

Noninstitutional
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Unemployed
Civilian

Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959

111,747
112,919
114,213
115,574
117,117

67,087
68,517
68,877
69,486
70,157

60.0
60.7
60.3
60.1
59.9

64,234
65,764
66,019
64,883
66,418

2,064
1,965
1,948
1,847
1,788

62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

6,450
6,283
5,947
5,586
5,565

55,722
57,514
58,123
57,450
59,065

2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

4.3
4.0
4.2
6.6
5.3

44,660
44,402
45,336
46,088
46,960

I9601
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

119,106
120,671
122,214
124,422
126,503
128,459
130,180
132,092
134,281
136,573

71,489
72,359
72,675
73,839
75,109
76,401
77,892
79,565
80,990
82,972

60.0
60.0
59.5
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.8
60.2
60.3
60.8

67,639
67,646
68,763
69,768
71,323
73,034
75,017
76,590
78,173
80,140

1,861
1,900
2,061
2,006
2,018
1,946
2,122
2,218
2,253
2,238

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.4
6.5

4.4
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.4

47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602

1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979

139,203
142,189
145,939
148,870
151,841
154,831
157,818
160,689
163,541
166,460

84,889
86,355
88,847
91,203
93,670
95,453
97,826
100,665
106,559

61.0
60.7
60.9
61.3
61.7
61.6
62.0
62.6
63.5
64.0

80,796
81,340
83,966
86,838
88,515
87,524
90,420
93,673
97,679
100,421

2,118
1,973
1,813
1,774
1,721
1,678
1,668
1,656
1,631
1,597

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.8
5.8
5.5
4.8
5.5
8.3
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8

54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988

169,349
171,775
173,939
175,891
178,080
179,912
182,293
184,490
186,322

108,544
110,315
111,872
113,226
115,241
117,167
119,540
121,602
123,378

64.1
64.2
64.3
64.4
64.7
65.1
65.6
65.9
66.2

100,907
102,042
101,194
102,510
106,702
108,856
111,303
114,177
116,677

1,604
1,645
1,668
1,676
1,697
1,706
1,706
1,737
1,709

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
109,232
111,800

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701

7.0
7.5
9.5
9.5
7.4
7.1
6.9
6.1
5.4

60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
62,888
62,944

103,882

103,971
106,434

5.4
5.5
5.0

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1988:
November
December

186,949
187,098

124,215
124,259

66.4
66.4

117,652
117,705

1,705
1,696

115,947
116,009

3,238
3,193

112,709
112,816

6,563
6,554

5.3
5.3

62,734
62,839

19.89:
January ....
February...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November

187,340
187,461
187,581
187,708
187,854
187,995
188,149
188,286
188,428
188,580
188,721

125,124
124,865
124,948
125,343
125,283
125,768
125,622
125,706
125,742
125,814
126,219

66.8
66.6
66.6
66.8
66.7
66.9
66.8
66.8
66.7
66.7
66.9

118,407
118,537
118,820
118,797
118,888
119,207
119,125
119,285
119,158
119,254
119,490

1,696
1,684
1,684
1,684
1,673
1,666
1,666
1,688
1,702
1,709
1,704

116,711
116,853
117,136
117,113
117,215
117,541
117,459
117,597
117,456
117,545
117,786

3,300
3,223
3,206
3,104
3,112
3,096
3,219
3,307
3,257
3,217
3,141

113,411
113,630
113,930
114,009
114,102
114,445
114,240
114,290
114,199
114,327
114,644

6,716
6,328
6,128
6,546
6,395
6,561
6,497
6,421
6,584
6,561
6,729

5.4
5.1
4.9
5.2
5.1
5.2
5.2
5.1
5.2
5.2
5.3

62,216
62,596
62,633
62,365
62,571
62,228
62,527
62,580
62,686
62,766
62,502

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for




seasonal variation.
NOTE: Revisions of seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data
(shown in tables A-1 through A-3 and A-32 through A-53) for the most
recent 5-year period are made at the end of each calendar year.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1978 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force

Sex, year,
and month

Noninstitutional
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Unemployed
Civilian

Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
MEN

19781
1979
1980
1981
1982

1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988

78,107
79,509

61,151
62,215

78.3
78.2

58,010
59,096

1,531
1,489

56,479
57,607

2,718
2,686

53,761
54,921

3,142
3,120

5.1
5.0

16,956
17,293

80,877
82,023
83,052
84,064
85,156
86,025
87,349
88,476
89,404

62,932
63,486
63,979
64,580
65,386
65,967
66,973
67,784
68,474

77.8
77.4
77.0
76.8
76.8
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.6

58,665
58,909
57,800
58,320
60,642
61,447
62,443
63,684
64,820

1,479
1,512
1,529
1,533
1,551
1,556
1,551
1,577
1,547

57,186
57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892
62,107
63,273

2,709
2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511
2,543
2,493

54,477
54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381
59,564
60,780

4,267
4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530
4,101
3,655

6.8
7.2
9.7
9.7
7.3
6.9
6.8
6.1
5.3

17,945
18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376
20,692
20,930

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1988:
November
December

89,716
89,792

68,686
68,638

76.6
76.4

65,074
65,055

1,542
1,534

63,532
63,521

2,533
2,477

60,999
61,044

3,612
3,583

5.3
5.2

21,030
21,154

89,914
89,973
90,032
90,094
90,167
90,237
90,315
90,384
90,456
90,535
90,606

69,032
69,113
69,190
69,360
69,114
69,507
69,245
69,337
69,272
69,606
69,652

76.8
76.8
76.9
77.0
76.7
77.0
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.9
76.9

65,322
65,572
65,920
65,767
65,713
66,110
65,961
65,934
65,601
66,030
65,942

1,532
1,521
1,521
1,521
1,511
1,501
1,499
1,519
1,531
1,533
1,529

63,790
64,051
64,399
64,246
64,202
64,609
64,462
64,415
64,070
64,497
64,413

2,501
2,509
2,497
2,440
2,447
2,455
2,552
2,622
2,519
2,525
2,467

61,289
61,542
61,902
61,806
61,755
62,154
61,909
61,792
61,551
61,972
61,946

3,710
3,540
3,270
3,593
3,401
3,397
3,284
3,403
3,672
3,576
3,710

5.4
5.1
4.7
5.2
4.9
4.9
4.7
4.9
5.3
5.1
5.3

20,882
20,860
20,842
20,734
21,053
20,730
21,070
21,047
21,184
20,929
20,955

1989:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November

Annual averages
1

WOMEN

1978
1979

85,434
86,951

42,731
44,343

50.0
51.0

39,669
41,325

100
108

39,569
41,217

661

38,900
40,556

3,061
3,018

7.2
6.8

42,703
42,608

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861

88,472
89,751
90,887
91,827
92,924
93,886
94,944
96,013
96,918

45,611
46,829
47,894
48,646
49,855
51,200
52,568
53,818
54,904

51.6
52.2
52.7
53.0
53.7
54.5
55.4
56.1
56.6

42,241
43,133
43,395
44,190
46,061
47,409
48,861
50,494
51,858

124
133
139
143
146
150
155
160
162

42,117
43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706
50,334
51,696

656
667
665
680
653
644
652
666
676

41,461
42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054
49,668
51,020

3,370
3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707
3,324
3,046

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.5

42,861
42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376
42,195
42,014

1987
1988

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1988:
November
December

1989:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September

October
November

97,234
97,306

55,529
55,621

57.1
57.2

52,578
52,650

163
162

52,415
52,488

705
716

51,710
51,772

2,951
2,971

5.3
5.3

41,705
41,685

97,427
97,488
97,550
97,614
97,687
97,758
97,834
97,902
97,972
98,045
98,115

56,091
55,752
55,758
55,983
56,169
56,261
56,377
56,370
56,470
56,208
56,567

57.6
57.2
57.2
57.4
57.5
57.6
57.6
57.6
57.6
57.3
57.7

53,085
52,965
52,900
53,029
53,175
53,097
53,164
53,352
53,557
53,224
53,548

164
163
163
163
162
165
167
169
171
176
175

52,921
52,802
52,737
52,866
53,013
52,932
52,997
53,183
53,386
53,048
53,373

799
713
709
663
666
641
666
685
738
692
674

52,122
52,089
52,028
52,203
52,347
52,290
52,331
52,498
52,648
52,356
52,698

3,006
2,787
2,858
2,953
2,994
3,164
3,213
3,018
2,912
2,985
3,019

5.4
5.0
5.1
5.3
5.3
5.6
5.7
5.4
5.2
5.3
5.3

41,336
41,736
41,792
41,631
41,518
41,497
41,457
41,532
41,502
41,837
41,548

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.




The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-3.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1955 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Year
and
month

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Total

Percent of
population

Employed

Unemployment rates
Unemployed

Total

Men

Women

Annual averages

1955,
1956,
1957,
1958.
1959.

109,683
110,954
112,265
113,727
115,329

65,023
66,552
66,929
67,639
68,369

59.3
60.0
59.6
59.5
59.3

62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

4.4
4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5

4.2
3.8
4.1
6.8
5.2

4.9
4.8
4.7
6.8
5.9

I9601
1961 .
19621
1963.
1964.
1965.
1966.
1967.
1968.
1969.

117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8

5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7

1970.
1971 .
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1

5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

1980.
1981 .
1982,
1983,
1984,
1985
19861
1987
1988

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5

6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9
6.2
5.5

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.6

8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1988:
November.
December.

185,244
185,402

122,510
122,563

66.1
66.1

115,947
116,009

6,563
6,554

5.4
5.3

5.4
5.3

5.3
5.4

185,644
185,777
185,897
186,024
186,181
186,329
186,483
186,598
186,726
186,871
187,017

123,428
123,181
123,264
123,659
123,610
124,102
123,956
124,018
124,040
124,105
124,515

66.5
66.3
66.3
66.5
66.4
66.6
66.5
66.5
66.4
66.4
66.6

116,711
116,853
117,136
117,113
117,215
117,541
117,459
117,597
117,456
117,545
117,786

6,716
6,328
6,128
6,546
6,395
6,561
6,497
6,421
6,584
6,561
6,729

5.4
5.1
5.0
5.3
5.2
5.3
5.2
5.2
5.3
5.3
5.4

5.5
5.2
4.8
5.3
5.0
5.0
4.8
5.0
5.4
5.3
5.4

5.4
5.0
5.1
5.3
5.3
5.6
5.7
5.4
5.2
5.3
5.4

1989:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the




Explanatory Notes.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race

(Numbers in thousands)

November 1989
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

187,017
14,097
6,726
7,371
17,837
104,338
42,854
21,030
21,825
36,501
19,545
16,956
24,983
13,621
11,362
21,341
10,620
10,720
29,405
10,089
7,846
11,470

124,664
7,628
2,985
4,642
13,847
87,768
36,286
17,760
18,526
31,185
16,608
14,577
20,297
11,484
8,813
12,031
7,181
4,850
3,390
2,074
843
472

66.7
54.1
44.4
63.0
77.6
84.1
84.7
84.5
84.9
85.4
85.0
86.0
81.2
84.3
77.6
56.4
67.6
45.2
11.5
20.6
10.7
4.1

118,168
6,449
2,441
4,008
12,649
84,152
34,540
16,821
17,719
29,991
15,923
14,067
19,621
11,106
8,516
11,639
6,918
4,721
3,280
2,004
811
465

6,495
1,179
544
635
1,199
3,616
1,746
939
808
1,194
685
509
675
378
297
392
263
129
110
71
32
7

5.2
15.5
18.2
13.7
8.7
4.1
4.8
5.3
4.4
3.8
4.1
3.5
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.7
2.7
3.2
3.4
3.8
1.5

62,353
6,470
3,741
2,729
3,989
16,570
6,568
3,270
3,299
5,316
2,937
2,379
4,686
2,137
2,549
9,310
3,439
5,870
26,015
8,015
7,003
10,998

26,682
461
110
352
1,389
11,281
4,539
2,185
2,354
3,688
2,060
1,628
3,053
1,398
1,655
4,445
1,944
2,501
9,106
2,889
2,529
3,687

8,718
5,581
3,476
2,105
1,967
1,133
732
463
268
300
216
84
102
69
32
21
8
13
16
5
4
7

3,379
24
3
21
102
1,323
317
146
170
494
221
273
512
219
292
721
346
375
1,208
286
186
736

23,574
403
152
251
531
2,833
980
475
506
834
439
394
1,019
450
569
4,123
1,140
2,982
15,685
4,834
4,283
6,567

89,077
7,109
3,445
3,664
8,644
51,025
21,056
10,317
10,739
17,861
9,601
8,260
12,108
6,636
5,472
10,062
5,058
5,003
12,237
4,579
3,412
4,246

67,865
3,945
1,503
2,443
7,233
47,923
19,939
9,692
10,247
16,916
9,115
7,800
11,068
6,174
4,895
6,812
4,070
2,742
1,952
1,165
508
279

76.2
55.5
43.6
66.7
83.7
93.9
94.7
93.9
95.4
94.7
94.9
94.4
91.4
93.0
89.4
67.7
80.5
54.8
16.0
25.4
14.9
6.6

64,302
3,269
1,203
2,066
6,580
46,002
19,044
9,188
9,856
16,268
8,720
7,548
10,690
5,968
4,723
6,571
3,916
2,655
1,879
1,117
486
276

3,563
676
299
377
653
1,920
895
504
391
648
395
252
378
206
172
240
153
87
73
49
22
3

5.2
17.1
19.9
15.4
9.0
4.0
4.5
5.2
3.8
3.8
4.3
3.2
3.4
3.3
3.5
3.5
3.8
3.2
3.7
4.2
4.3
.9

21,212
3,164
1,943
1,221
1,411
3,103
1,118
626
492
945
485
460
1,040
462
578
3,250
989
2,261
10,285
3,414
2,904
3,967

624
25
10
15
28
251
87
52
36
89
58
32
75
36
39
78
36
41
241
67
61
114

4,359
2,920
1,846
1,074
1,012
418
307
218
88
77
62
15
34
23
11
8
3
5
2
2

1,879
11
3
8
78
868
207
98
109
322
142
180
340
140
200
446
205
240
476
161
87
228

14,350
208
84
124
292
1,565
517
258
259
457
224
233
590
263
327
2,719
744
1,975
9,565
3,186
2,756
3,624

97,940
6,988
3,281
3,707
9,193
53,312
21,798
10,712
11,086
18,640
9,944
8,695
12,874
6,985
5,890
11,279
5,562
5,717
17,168
5,510
4,434
7,224

56,799
3,682
1,482
2,200
6,614
39,845
16,348
8,069
8,279
14,269
7,493
6,776
9,229
5,310
3,919
5,219
3,111
2,108
1,438
909
335
194

58.0
52.7
45.2
59.3
72.0
74.7
75.0
75.3
74.7
76.6
75.3
77.9
71.7
76.0
66.5
46.3
55.9
36.9
8.4
16.5
7.6
2.7

53,866
3,179
1,237
1,942
6,069
38,150
15,496
7,634
7,863
13,722
7,203
6,519
8,931
5,138
3,793
5,068
3,002
2,066
1,401
887
325
189

2,933
503
245
258
546
1,696
852
435
417
547
290
257
297
172
125
151
109
42
37
22
10
5

5.2
13.7
16.5
11.7
8.2
4.3
5.2
5.4
5.0
3.8
3.9
3.8
3.2
3.2
3.2
2.9
3.5
2.0
2.6
2.5
3.0
2.3

41,141
3,306
1,798
1,507
2,578
13,467
5,450
2,644
2,807
4,371
2,451
1,919
3,646
1,675
1,971
6,060
2,451
3,609
15,730
4,601
4,099
7,031

26,059
436
100
337
1,361
11,029
4,452
2,133
2,319
3,599
2,003
1,596
2,978
1,362
1,616
4,368
1,908
2,459
8,865
2,822
2,469
3,574

4,359
2,661
1,630
1,031
955
715
425
245
180
223
154
69
67
46
21
13
5
8
14
5
4
5

1,499
14
1
13
24
455
110
48
62
172
79
93
172
79
93
275
141
134
732
125
99
509

9,224
195
68
127
238
1,268
463
217
246
376
215
161
428
187
241
1,403
396
1,007
6,120
1,648
1,528
2,944

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

November 1989
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

WHITE
16 years and over

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

159,736
11,385
5,391
5,994
14,770
88,572
35,917
17,588
18,329
31,162
16,551
14,611
21,493
11,719
9,774
18,654
9,211
9,442
26,356
8,939
7,044
10,373

106,907
6,467
2,575
3,892
11,645
75,122
30,720
15,023
15,697
26,802
14,169
12,634
17,599
9,967
7,632
10,638
6,328
4,310
3,035
1,846
753
436

66.9
56.8
47.8
64.9
78.8
84.8
85.5
85.4
85.6
86.0
85.6
86.5
81.9
85.1
78.1
57.0
68.7
45.6
11.5
20.6
10.7
4.2

102,167
5,616
2,154
3,461
10,824
72,463
29,520
14,404
15,116
25,906
13,677
12,228
17,037
9,660
7,377
10,309
6,112
4,197
2,955
1,789
736
429

4,740
851
420
431
821
2,659
1,200
619
581
897
491
406
562
307
255
329
216
113
81
56
17
7

4.4
13.2
16.3
11.1
7.1
3.5
3.9
4.1
3.7
3.3
3.5
3.2
3.2
3.1
3.3
3.1
3.4
2.6
2.7
3.0
2.3
1.6

52,830
4,918
2,816
2,102
3,125
13,451
5,197
2,565
2,632
4,360
2,383
1,977
3,894
1,751
2,143
8,015
2,883
5,132
23,320
7,093
6,291
9,937

23,125
348
82
267
1,123
9,502
3,724
1,761
1,964
3,124
1,750
1,374
2,653
1,201
1,452
3,902
1,699
2,203
8,250
2,576
2,300
3,374

6,731
4,246
2,619
1,628
1,584
869
554
354
200
239
169
70
76
52
24
17
7
9
16
5
4
7

2,480
18
4
14
75
924
220
115
105
368
158
210
336
143
193
529
254
275
934
209
153
571

20,494
306
112
194
343
2,157
699
335
363
628
306
322
829
356
474
3,567
923
2,645
14,121
4,303
3,833
5,985

76,677
5,745
2,758
2,987
7,225
43,862
17,889
8,727
9,162
15,437
8,229
7,208
10,536
5,760
4,776
8,864
4,425
4,439
10,981
4,084
3,065
3,833

58,946
3,314
1,290
2,024
6,135
41,630
17,131
8,284
8,846
14,771
7,911
6,860
9,729
5,400
4,328
6,090
3,635
2,455
1,777
1,056
462
260

76.9
57.7
46.8
67.8
84.9
94.9
95.8
94.9
96.6
95.7
96.1
95.2
92.3
93.8
90.6
68.7
82.1
55.3
16.2
25.8
15.1
6.8

56,282
2,825
1,057
1,768
5,677
40,169
16,492
7,941
8,551
14,266
7,604
6,661
9,410
5,232
4,178
5,889
3,510
2,379
1,723
1,012
453
257

2,663
489
232
257
458
1,462
638
343
295
505
307
199
318
168
150
200
124
76
54
43
8
3

4.5
14.8
18.0
12.7
7.5
3.5
3.7
4.1
3.3
3.4
3.9
2.9
3.3
3.1
3.5
3.3
3.4
3.1
3.1
4.1
1.8
1.0

17,731
2,431
1,468
963
1,091
2,231
758
443
316
666
318
348
807
360
447
2,775
790
1,984
9,204
3,028
2,603
3,573

483
19
8
11
21
172
47
28
20
59
38
21
66
32
34
65
30
35
206
54
57
95

3,373
2,233
1,393
840
827
303
231
168
63
48
38
10
24
17
8
7
3
5
2
_
2

1,388
9
3
6
58
616
139
75
64
249
105
144
228
95
132
333
146
187
373
114
76
183

12,487
170
64
106
185
1,140
342
172
170
309
136
173
489
216
273
2,370
611
1,758
8,623
2,860
2,470
3,293

83,059
5,640
2,633
3,007
7,545
44,711
18,028
8,861
9,167
15,725
8,323
7,402
10,957
5,959
4,999
9,789
4,786
5,003
15,374
4,855
3,980
6,540

47,961
3,152
1,285
1,868
5,510
33,491
13,590
6,739
6,851
12,031
6,258
5,774
7,871
4,567
3,304
4,549
2,693
1,855
1,258
790
292
176

57.7
55.9
48.8
62.1
73.0
74.9
75.4
76.0
74.7
76.5
75.2
78.0
71.8
76.6
66.1
46.5
56.3
37.1
8.2
16.3
7.3
2.7

45,884
2,791
1,097
1,694
5,147
32,294
13,028
6,463
6,565
11,640
6,073
5,567
7,627
4,428
3,199
4,420
2,601
1,818
1,232

2,077
362
188
174
363
1,197
561
276
286
392
185
207
244
139
105
129
92
37
26
13
9
5

4.3
11.5
14.6
9.3
6.6
3.6
4.1
4.1
4.2
3.3
3.0
3.6
3.1
3.0
3.2
2.8
3.4
2.0
2.1
1.6
3.0
2.6

35,098
2,488
1,348
1,139
2,034
11,219
4,438
2,122
2,316
3,694
2,065
1,629
3,087
1,392
1,695
5,241
2,093
3,148
14,116
4,065
3,688
6,364

22,642
330
74
256
1,102
9,329
3,677
1,733
1,944
3,066
1,712
1,353
2,586
1,169
1,417
3,837
1,669
2,168
8,044
2,522
2,243
3,279

3,359
2,013
1,226
788
757
565
323
186
137
191
130
60
52
35
16
9
5
5
14
5
4
4

1,092
9
1
8
17
308
81
40
41
118
52
66
108
47
61
197
108
88
561
95
77
389

8,006
136
48
88
159
1,017
357
163
194
319
170
149
341
140
201
1,198
311
886
5,497
1,442
1,363
2,692

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years

65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years

55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over ....


10


in
283
172

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutfonal population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1989
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

829
6

2,544
84
33
51
161
570
240
118
122
184
115
69
147
74
73
471
181
290
1,257
436
821

BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

21,136
2,171
1,085
1,086
2,452
11,909
5,335
2,682
2,653
3,962
2,228
1,734
2,613
1,414
1,199
2,129
1,104
1,024
2,475
945
1,530

13,614
904
324
579
1,783
9,592
4,323
2,161
2,162
3,255
1,825
1,430
2,014
1,129
885
1,053
650
403
282
176
106

64.4
41.6
29.9
53.3
72.7
80.5
81.0
80.6
81.5
82.1
81.9
82.5
77.1
79.9
73.8
49.4
58.9
39.3
11.4
18.6
7.0

12,056
622
216
406
1,435
8,749
3,820
1,866
1,955
3,006
1,667
1,339
1,922
1,071
852
996
610
386
255
161
94

1,558
282
108
173
349
843
503
296
207
249
158
91
92
59
33
57
40
17
27
15
13

11.4
31.2
33.4
29.9
19.5
8.8
11.6
13.7
9.6
7.6
8.7
6.4
4.6
5.2
3.8
5.4
6.1
4.2
9.7
8.3
12.0

7,522
1,267
760
507
668
2,317
1,012
521
491
708
404
304
598
284
314
1,076
454
622
2,193
769
1,423

2,652
103
23
80
205
1,249
587
315
273
379
206
173
283
137
146
419
187
232
676
261
415

1,497
1,074
704
369
275
146
99
60
39
32
22
10
14
10
3
4

9,492
1,075
551
523
1,110
5,346
2,420
1,218
1,202
1,768
995
773
1,157
640
517
962
500
462
999
395
604

6,719
489
172
316
878
4,667
2,148
1,077
1,072
1,536
868
668
983
566
417
548
328
220
138
82
56

70.8
45.5
31.3
60.4
79.0
87.3
88.8
88.4
89.1
86.9
87.2
86.4
84.9
88.4
80.6
57.0
65.6
47.6
13.8
20.7
9.2

5,932
333
115
218
702
4,264
1,918
931
987
1,409
788
621
937
536
401
514
306
208
120
77
43

786
155
58
98
176
403
230
145
85
127
80
47
45
30
15
34
22
12
18
5
13

11.7
31.8
33.4
30.9
20.0
8.6
10.7
13.5
7.9
8.3
9.2
7.1
4.6
5.3
3.7
6.3
6.8
5.5
12.8
6.2

2,773
586
379
207
233
679
272
141
131
232
127
105
175
74
100
414
172
242
861
313
548

105
6
2
4
2
58
32
21
11
25
15
10
1
2

709
548
363
185
120
40
29
22
7

452
2

11,644
1,096
533
563
1,341
6,563
2,914
1,464
1,450
2,194
1,233
961
1,455
773
682
1,167
604
563
1,476
550
926

6,895
415
152
263
906
4,925
2,175
1,085
1,090
1,719
957
762
1,032
563
468
505
322
183
145
94
51

59.2
37.9
28.5
46.7
67.5
75.0
74.6
74.1
75.1
78.3
77.6
79.3
70.9
72.8
68.7
43.2
53.3
32.4
9.8
17.1
5.5

6,124
289
101
187
733
4,485
1,902
934
968
1,597
879
718
985
535
450
482
305
178
135
84
51

771
126
51
76
173
440
272
150
122
121
78
44
47
29
18
22
17
5
10
10

11.2
30.4
33.4
28.7
19.1
8.9
12.5
13.9
11.2
7.1
8.1
5.7
4.5
5.1
3.9
4.4
5.4
2.6
6.7
10.2

4,749
681
381
300
435
1,638
740
379
360
475
276
199
423
210
213
663
282
380
1,332
456
875

2,546
97
21
76
203
1,190
555
293
262
354
191
162
282
135
146
407
181
225
649
252
398

788
525
341
184
154
105
71
39
32
23
17
7
11
8
4
3

377
4

7
28
352
85
27
58
113
60
52
155
63
91
183
86
97
260
73
187

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

13
6
6
26
9
17

2
20
224
60
21
39
68
33
35
96
36
61
108
55
52
98
43
55

1,506
30
14
16
90
357
152
77
74
131
74
57
74
34
40
293
111
183
736
260
476

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

5
7
129
25
6
19
45
27
18
58
28
31
75
31
44
162
29
132

1,037
55
19
35
71
214
88
41
47
53
41
12
72
40
33
177
70
107
521
176
345

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




11

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1989
Civilian labor force
Age and sex

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

27,280
2,712
1,335
1,377
3,066
15,766
6,938
3,442
3,496
5,339
2,994
2,345
3,489
1,902
1,587
2,687
1,409
1,278
3,049
1,151
801
1,097

17,757
1,161
411
750
2,202
12,646
5,566
2,737
2,829
4,382
2,440
1,943
2,698
1,516
1,181
1,393
853
540
355
229
90
36

65.1
42.8
30.7
54.5
71.8
80.2
80.2
79.5
80.9
82.1
81.5
82.9
77.3
79.7
74.4
51.8
60.5
42.2
11.6
19.9
11.2
3.3

16,002
833
286
547
1,825
11,689
5,020
2,418
2,602
4,085
2,246
1,839
2,584
1,445
1,139
1,330
806
523
325
214
75
36

228
9
3
6
21
143
67
32
35
43
23
21
33
23
10
33
15
18
22
13
5
4

12,400
1,364
687
677
1,419
7,164
3,167
1,590
1,577
2,424
1,372
1,052
1,572
876
696
1,197
633
564
1,256
495
347
413

8,919
631
213
418
1,098
6,292
2,808
1,407
1,401
2,145
1,204
940
1,340
773
566
722
435
287
175
110
47
19

71.9
46.3
31.0
61.8
77.4
87.8
88.7
88.5
88.8
88.5
87.8
89.4
85.2
88.3
81.3
60.3
68.7
50.9
13.9
22.1
13.4
4.6

8,020
444
146
298
903
5,834
2,552
1,247
1,305
2,002
1,116
887
1,280
735
545
682
406
276
157
105
33
19

14,881
1,348
648
700
1,648
8,602
3,770
1,852
1,919
2,914
1,621
1,293
1,917
1,026
891
1,490
775
714
1,794
655
454
684

8,838
530
198
332
1,104
6,354
2,758
1,330
1,428
2,238
1,235
1,003
1,358
743
615
671
418
253
179
119
43
17

59.4
39.3
30.5
47.4
67.0
73.9
73.2
71.8
74.4
76.8
76.2
77.5
70.8
72.4
69.0
45.0
53.9
35.4
10.0
18.2
9.5
2.5

7,982
389
140
249
921
5,855
2,468
1,170
1,297
2,083
1,130
953
1,304
710
594
648
400
248
169
109
42
17

Employed
Percent
of
population

Total

Unemployed

Not in
labor
force

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

15,774
824
284
540
1,804
11,545
4,952
2,386
2,567
4,042
2,223
1,819
2,551
1,422
1,129
1,297
791
506
303
201
70
32

1,755
328
124
204
378
958
547
320
227
297
194
104
113
71
43
63
46
16
29
15
15

9.9
28.2
30.3
27.1
17.2
7.6
9.8
11.7
8.0
6.8
7.9
5.3
4.2
4.7
3.6
4.5
5.4
3.0
8.2
6.4
16.2

9,524
1,551
925
627
864
3,119
1,371
705
667
956
554
402
792
386
406
1,294
556
738
2,695
922
712
1,061

181
5
3
2
21
117
50
21
29
40
23
17
27
17
10
26
13
12
13
7
2
4

7,838
439
143
296
882
5,717
2,501
1,226
1,276
1,963
1,093
870
1,253
718
535
656
393
263
144
98
31
15

899
187
67
120
195
458
256
160
96
142
89
54
60
38
22
40
29
11
18
5
13

10.1
29.6
31.4
28.7
17.8
7.3
9.1
11.4
6.9
6.6
7.4
5.7
4.5
4.9
3.8
5.6
6.7
3.9
10.5
4.6

3,481
733
475
259
320
871
359
183
176
280
168
112
233
103
130
475
198
277
1,081
386
301
394

47
4

7,935
385
140
245
921
5,828
2,451
1,160
1,291
2,079
1,130
949
1,298
704
594
641
399
242
159
103
39
17

856
141
57
84
183
499
290
159
131
155
105
50
54
33
21
23
17
5
11
10
1

9.7
26.6
29.0
25.2
16.5
7.9
10.5
12.0
9.2
6.9
8.5
5.0
3.9
4.4
3.4
3.4
4.2
2.0
6.0
8.1

6,043
818
450
368
544
2,248
1,012
522
490
676
386
290
559
283
276
819
358
461
1,614
536
411
667

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.


12


27
17
11
7
4
4
6
6
7
2
5
9
6
3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over

Total
Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

185,244
122,639
66.2
116,314
3,111
113,203
6,325
5.2
62,605

187,017
124,664
66.7
118,168
3,033
115,135
6,495
5.2
62,353

80,924
62,996
77.8
60,101
2,268
57,833
2,895
4.6
17,928

81,968
63,919
78.0
61,033
2,248
58,785
2,887
4.5
18,048

89,887
52,100
58.0
49,721
642
49,078
2,379
4.6
37,788

90,952
53,117
58.4
50,687
612
50,075
2,430
4.6
37,835

14,433
7,542
52.3
6,492
200
6,292
1,050
13.9
6,890

14,097
7,628
54.1
6,449
173
6,275
1,179
15.5
6,470

158,603
105,509
66.5
100,818
2,913
97,906
4,691
4.4
53,094

159,736
106,907
66.9
102,167
2,805
99,362
4,740
4.4
52,830

70,143
54,921
78.3
52,700
2,101
50,599
2,221
4.0
15,222

70,932
55,632
78.4
53,457
2,072
51,385
2,174
3.9
15,301

76,711
44,071
57.4
42,378
614
41,764
1,693
3.8
32,641

77,419
44,809
57.9
43,094
569
42,525
1,715
3.8
32,611

11,749
6,518
55.5
5,741
198
5,543
777
11.9
5,231

11,385
6,467
56.8
5,616
164
5,451
851
13.2
4,918

20,811
13,350
64.1
11,923
158
11,765
1,427
10.7
7,462

21,136
13,614
64.4
12,056
162
11,895
1,558
11.4
7,522

8,268
6,130
74.2
5,557
135
5,421
574
9.4
2,138

8,417
6,230
74.0
5,599
130
5,470
631
10.1
2,187

10,363
6,370
61.5
5,769
22
5,748
601
9.4
3,993

10,548
6,480
61.4
5,835
28
5,807
645
10.0
4,068

2,180
849
38.9
597
2
595
252
29.7
1,331

2,171
904
41.6
622
4
618
282
31.2
1,267

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force




13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1989
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Unemployed

Part
time1

Full
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
Of
labor
force

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

15,146
10,404
4,742

7,551
4,792
2,758

49.9
46.1
58.2

6,724
4,141
2,583

1,259
410
850

5,465
3,731
1,733

827
652
175

94
53
41

733
599
134

11.0
13.6
6.4

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

7,521
7,625
6,565
1,059

3,316
4,235
3,267
968

44.1
55.5
49.8
91.3

2,769
3,955
3,021
934

207
1,053
406
646

2,562
2,902
2,614
288

547
280
247
34

43
51
37
14

504
229
209
20

16.5
6.6
7.5
3.5

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,680
5,296
2,385

3,736
2,386
1,351

48.7
45.0
56.7

3,280
2,029
1,251

655
223
432

2,625
1,806
819

456
356
100

58
32
26

398
324
74

12.2
14.9
7.4

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

4,015
3,665
3,211
454

1,745
1,992
1,574
417

43.5
54.3
49.0
91.9

1,434
1,846
1,444
402

135
520
224
296

1,299
1,326
1,220
106

311
145
130
15

30
28
23
5

281
117
107
10

17.8
7.3
8.3
3.6

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,466
5,108
2,358

3,814
2,407
1,407

51.1
47.1
59.7

3,444
2,111
1,332

604
187
418

2,839
1,925
915

371
295
75

36
21
15

335
275
60

9.7
12.3
5.3

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,506
3,960
3,354
605

1,571
2,244
1,693
551

44.8
56.7
50.5
90.9

1,335
2,108
1,577
532

72
533
182
350

1,264
1,576
1,394
182

235
135
116
19

13
23
14
9

223
112
102
10

15.0
6.0
6.9
3.4

12,356
8,390
3,966

6,496
4,123
2,373

52.6
49.1
59.8

5,892
3,646
2,246

1,083
356
727

4,809
3,289
1,519

604
477
127

60
31
29

544
446
98

9.3
11.6
5.4

Men
Women

6,296
6,059

3,238
3,259

51.4
53.8

2,890
3,002

570
514

2,320
2,488

348
257

40
20

308
236

10.7
7.9

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

5,910
6,446
5,561
885

2,810
3,686
2,875
811

47.6
57.2
51.7
91.6

2,407
3,485
2,688
797

179
904
348
556

2,228
2,581
2,340
241

403
201
186
14

31
29
25
3

372
172
161
11

14.4
5.4
6.5
1.8

2,130
1,580
550

769
502
268

36.1
31.7
48.8

579
349
230

120
28
92

460
321
138

190
152
38

29
20
9

161
132
29

24.7
30.4
14.1

Men
Women

1,034
1,096

353
416

34.2
38.0

265
314

50
69

215
245

88
102

14
16

74
86

25.0
24.5

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

1,291
839
710
128

393
376
260
116

30.5
44.8
36.6
90.2

267
313
215
98

19
101
37
64

248
212
178
34

127
64
46
18

12
18
8
9

115
46
37
8

32.2
16.9
17.6
15.3

1,193
903
290

509
320
188

42.6
35.4
65.0

439
263
176

148
58
90

291
205
87

70
57
12

12
9
3

57
49
9

13.7
17.9
6.5

Men
Women

616
577

277
232

44.9
40.2

233
207

93
55

139
152

44
25

7
5

37
21

16.0
10.9

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

753
440
328
112

240
269
168
101

31.9
61.0
51.1
89.9

188
251
150
101

50
98
29
68

138
153
121
32

52
18
18

6
6
7

46
11
11

21.5
6.6
10.5
.3

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized
14for FRASER


HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1989
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Unemployed

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
16,788
3,694
13,094

13,924
2,835
11,089

82.9
76.8
84.7

12,373
2,308
10,066

10,732
1,779
8,952

1,642
528
1,113

1,551
527

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

3,981
8,566
2,709
1,532

2,695
7,303
2,444
1,482

67.7
85.3
90.2
96.7

2,093
6,539
2,337
1,404

1,709
5,625
2,086
1,312

385

602
764

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

8,073
1,813
6,259

7,442
1,560
5,882

92.2
86.0
94.0

6,569
1,240
5,329

5,960
1,024
4,936

2,101
4,106
1,212
653

1,771
3,885
1,145
642

84.3
94.6
94.4
98.2

1,390
3,498
1,096
586

8,715
1,880
6,835

6,482
1,275
5,207

74.4
67.8
76.2

1,881
4,459

1,497

924
3,419
1,300

879

1,379
454
925

172
73
98

64

92

108
78

537
680
87
74

609
216
393

873
320
553

810
290
520

63
30
33

1,204
3,175
1,013
568

186
323
83
17

381
387

49
56

354
359
42
56

27
28
7
1

5,805
1,068
4,737

4,772
755
4,016

1,033
313
720

678
207
470

569
164
405

109
43
65

840

49.1
76.7
86.8
95.6

703
3,041
1,241
819

505
2,449
1,073
744

592
168
74

220
377
59
22

184
321
45
19

37
56
13
3

13,799
2,995
10,804

11,616
2,344
9,272

84.2
78.3
85.8

10,548
1,970
8,578

9,191
1,526
7,665

1,357
444
913

1,068
374
694

935
319
617

133
55
77

Men
Women

6,674
7,126

6,211
5,404

93.1
75.8

5,612
4,936

5,140
4,051

472
885

600
468

550
385

49
83

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

3,218
6,940
2,254
1,387

2,222
6,009
2,033
1,351

69.1
86.6
90.2
97.4

1,799
5,520
1,951
1,278

1,474
4,787
1,736
1,194

325
733
215

423
489
82
73

375
426
64
70

49
63

2,493

1,917
402
1,515

76.9
68.1
79.7

1,477
273

1,262

591
1,902

215
1,047

215
58

1,205

157

440
129
311

407
114
294

33
16
17

Men
Women

1,151
1,342

1,013
905

88.0
67.4

770
707

662
600

108
108

243
197

234
174

9
23

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

639
1,392
377
84

396
1,094
346
80

62.0
78.6
91.9
95.4

234
842
321
80

186
705

48
137

294
77

27
3

163
252
26

149
235
24

14
17
2

Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

915
251

1,023

84
20
3

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

84

19
3

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
2,216
511
1,705

1,640
337

74.0
66.0
76.4

1,415
254
1,161

1,241

1,303

1,031

174
44
130

225
83
142

205
75
131

20
9
12

Men
Women

1,122
1,094

1,012
628

90.2
57.4

880
535

802
439

78
96

132
94

124
81

8
12

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1,078
876

703
708
183
46

65.2
80.9
86.3

576
637
166
35

505
557
148

71
80

127
71
17
10

117
64
14
10

10
6
4

Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

212
51

1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and




210

31

18
5

college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.

15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Total

Veteran status
and age
Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Employed

Unemployed
Percent of
labor force

Number
Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over

7,907
5,769
613
2,001
3,155
2,138

7,926
5,328
407
1,614
3,307
2,598

7,325
5,498
570
1,923
3,005
1,827

7,221
5,018
369
1,515
3,134
2,203

7,051
5,295
534
1,851
2,910
1,756

6,930
4,828
355
1,449
3,025
2,102

274
203
36
72
95
71

292
190
14
66
109
102

3.7
3.7
6.3
3.7
3.2
3.9

4.0
3.8
3.9
4.4
3.5
4.6

20,789
9,175
7,049
4,565

21,883
9,426
7,614
4,843

19,706
8,738
6,678
4,290

20,816
9,004
7,246
4,565

18,917
8,338
6,428
4,151

20,025
8,662
6,943
4,420

789
400
250
139

790
342
303
145

4.0
4.6
3.7
3.2

3.8
3.8
4.2
3.2

NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data


16


are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
November 1989
Unemployed

Employed
Part time

Full time
Sex, age, and race

Total

Full-time
schedules1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time

Total

Voluntary1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time

Looking
for
full-time
work

TOTAL

13,353
9,567
3,786

17,458
3,945
2,170
1,775
13,512
2,374
11,139
7,741
3,397

3,002
314
57
257
2,688
473
2,215
1,826
389

5,030
507
81
426
4,524
966
3,557
3,193
364

1,034
74
960
153
807
667
140

6,590
2,022
4,568
1,212
3,356
1,867
1,489

5,375
1,871
3,504
989
2,515
1,168
1,347

1,216
152
1,064
223
841
700
142

2,953
322
2,631
546
2,085
1,842
242

39,295
908
38,387
4,331
34,056
29,949
4,108

701
34
667
103
564
501
63

13,870
2,237
11,632
1,635
9,997
7,700
2,298

12,083
2,075
10,008
1,385
8,624
6,574
2,050

1,787
162
1,624
250
1,374
1,126
248

2,078
185
1,893
420
1,472
1,350
122

50,621
1,061
49,561
4,649
44,912
38,655
6,257

49,710
1,004
48,706
4,518
44,188
38,060
6,127

912
57
855
131
724
595
129

5,661
1,764
3,897
1,027
2,869
1,514
1,355

4,722
1,642
3,080
869
2,211
973
1,238

939
123
816
158
658
541
117

2,198
222
1,975
368
1,607
1,409
198

33,540
822
32,718
3,743
28,975
25,361
3,614

32,972
792
32,179
3,660
28,520
24,959
3,561

568
30
539
83
456
402
53

12,344
1,968
10,376
1,405
8,971
6,933
2,038

10,911
1,840
9,071
1,206
7,865
6,026
1,839

1,433
128
1,305
199
1,106
908
198

1,441
128
1,313
277
1,036
931
105

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,275
140
5,136
573
4,563
4,037
526

5,185
126
5,059
555
4,503
3,988
515

90
14
77
17
59
49
11

657
194
464
129
335
227
108

447
171
277
76
201
115

210
23
187
53
134
112
21

666
82
584
165
419
382
37

Women, 16 years and over...
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,042
103
4,939
566
4,373
3,967
406

4,932
101
4,831
546
4,285
3,887
398

110
2
108
20
88
80
8

1,082
186
896
167
729
518
211

805
163
642
126
516
340
176

277
22
254
41
213
178
36

580
52
529
138
391
374
17

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

97,708
2,189
214
1,975
95,519
9,802
85,717
74,585
11,133

95,973
2,081
206
1,875
93,892
9,546
84,346
73,417
10,929

1,735
108
7
101
1,627
256
1,371
1,168
203

20,460
4,260
2,227
2,032
16,200
2,847

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

57,712
1,247
56,465
5,368
51,097
44,135
6,962

56,678
1,173
55,505
5,215
50,290
43,468
6,821

Women, 16 years and over...
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

39,997
942
39,054
4,434
34,621
30,450
4,171

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over...
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

White

Black

Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according




to whether they usually work full or part time.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1989
Civilian labor force

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Family relationship
Total

Percent
of
population

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Employed

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

Total, 16 years and over1

100,192

67.1

94,903

5,289

5.3

49,085

21,716

7,888

2,417

17,064

Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force

40,201
26,937

39,030
26,262
893
11,875

1,171
675
107
389

2.9
2.5
10.7
3.2

11,218
2,338
67
8,814

238
93
2
143

203
127

1,000
12,264

78.2
92.0
93.7
58.2

76

946
330
23
593

9,831
1,787
42
8,002

Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force

30,342
27,155
782
2,405

59.0
69.6
66.8
21.4

29,275
26,262
675
2,338

1,067
893
107
67

3.5
3.3
13.7
2.8

21,078
11,875
389
8,814

16,926
10,507
344
6,075

387
339
13
35

378
125
6
248

3,386
905
26
2,456

Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

12,861
4,737
4,523
3,601

63.7
53.2
75.2
68.3

11,507
4,123
4,096
3,288

1,354
614
427
313

10.5
13.0
9.4
8.7

7,331
4,172
1,489
1,670

703
119
129
455

5,112
3,849
1,147
116

358
11
49
298

1,158
194
164
800

Women who maintain families

6,984

62.5

6,420

564

8.1

4,185

2,745

262

270

909

Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

5,826
1,538
1,575
2,713

61.2
50.7
74.6
62.0

4,965
1,177
1,331
2,457

861
361
244
256

14.8
23.5
15.5
9.4

3,697
1,498
536
1,663

762
96
102
564

1,598
1,253
276
69

318
11
29
278

1,018
139
129
750

Men who maintain families

2,207

78.4

2,093

113

5.1.

607

38

17

90

461

Relatives in families maintained by men ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,772
276
493
1,002

64.7
52.6
78.6
63.1

1,614
229
454
931

158
47
40
71

969
249
134
586

304
18
32
254

309
209
71
29

57

299
22
29
248

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families
where the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the
Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women


18


8.9
17.1
8.1
7.1

2
55

who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates
shown in other tables in this publication because of differences in
definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men

Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons
Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,464
1,329
482
1,654

3,563

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,635
1,072
358
1,205

2,663

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

721
215
102
404

786
188
84

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,277
1,223

1,273
458

1,832
1,040
364
1,260

Women
Unemployment
rates
Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

5.2
3.2
7.0
9.1

Thousands of
persons
Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

5.2
3.0
6.4
9.9

2,860

1,135
663
1,062

4.5
2.9
6.3
8.0

4.5
2.8
6.1
8.3

10.9
6.8

Unemployment
rates
Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

2,933
1,139
622
1,172

5.1
3.7
6.0
7.6

5.2
3.6
5.5
8.3

2,056
938
457
660

2,077
951
422
704

4.4
3.5
5.2
5.8

4.3
3.4
4.7
6.2

706
150
193
363

771
145
185
441

10.5
6.2
9.5
15.7

11.2
5.8
9.5
17.9

515

11.0
16.2

11.7
6.0
8.5
19.7

596

2,234
1,187
435
612

4.1
3.0
6.9
6.8

3.9
2.9
6.3
6.7

1,824
935
597
293

1,884
973
560
351

4.0
3.3
5.6
4.6

4.1
3.3
5.2
5.4

White, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,762
986
343
433

1,716
969
344
403

3.6
2.7
6.2
6.1

3.5
2.7
6.0
5.4

1,311
760
404
146

1,352
805
376
171

3.4
3.0
4.8
3.0

3.4
3.1
4.4
3.5

Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

439
203

455
177
82
196

8.4
6.7
10.6

8.5
5.9
8.6
14.2

452
129
182
139

472
130
171
172

8.3
5.8
9.3
10.8

8.5
5.6
9.0
12.5




458

95
140

10.9

19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Total

Unemployment rates
Men

Total
Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

6,495

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.1

5.2

483
266
217

625
366
259

1.6
1.8
1.4

2.0
2.4
1.6

1.5
1.7
1.3

2.0
2.4
1.4

1.7
2.0
1.5

2.0
2.5
1.7

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,421

1,462

90
604
727

86
645
731

3.8
2.5
4.1
3.8

3.8
2.3
4.3
3.8

3.3
2.6
3.2
3.9

3.4
2.8
3.3
3.8

4.1
2.4
5.1
3.8

4.0
1.7
5.3
3.7

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,123
58

1,133
56
68
1,009

6.8
5.8
4.5
7.2

6.9
6.1
3.4
7.4

7.0
5.4
8.3
7.1

750
198
353
199

693
139
403
152

5.2
4.3
6.4
4.5

1,524
587
339
598
208
390

1,559
690
276
592
144
448

7.8
6.6
6.5
10.9
22.0

Farming, forestry, and fishing

269

295

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

710
442
142
127

697
442
129
127

Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.


20


Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

6,325

Women

92
973

6.6

6.6

O

O

4.2
7.4

2.5
8.0

6.9
5.2
6.8
7.0

4.7
2.9
7.0
3.5

5.2
4.1
6.5
4.5

4.7
2.7
6.9
3.7

5.0
7.9
2.5
4.7

4.4
7.8
12.0
2.9

8.0
7.8
5.3

7.6
5.3
6.8
11.2
21.1
8.6

8.3
8.5
3.6
10.0

8.6
9.0
4.5
9.2

16.7
10.1

O

O

8.6

10.9
17.3
9.7

7.8
7.0
5.4
11.3

8.7

8.4

7.5

8.5

7.4

8.3

7.7

9.5

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

Total

(Jnemployment rates

Men

Total

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

6,325

6,495

5.2

5.2

5.2

4,875

4,930

5.3

5.3

55
622

43
579

7.4
9.9

5.5
9.2

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries

1,076
590
55
35
21
28
11
101
92
131
12
59
27
22
486
151
50
91
28
72
38
30
26

1,146
677
45
44
50
37
116
84
156
94
62
25
43
469
133
38
69
27
64
49
65
25

5.0
4.6
7.1
5.2
3.4
3.3
5.6
3.9
4.3
4.8
5.5
4.2
3.9
4.2
5.5
7.9
7.0
8.0
3.8
4.1
2.9
3.5
7.5

5.2
5.1
6.0
6.3
7.5
4.2
5.7
4.4
3.8
5.8
7.5
4.3
3.2
7.3
5.3
6.9
5.2
6.2
3.8
3.4
3.7
7.5
6.6

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

249
203
46
1,351
166
1,185
227
1,295
427
868

208
149
59
1,508
163
1,345
216
1,231
413
818

3.9
5.3
1.8
5.8
3.8
6.3
3.2
5.0
2.9
11

180
560
710

242
626
697

10.4
1.9
_

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience




77

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Women
Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

5.2

5.1

5.2

5.4

5.3

5.3

5.3

8.0
10.2

5.5
9.3

4.6
6.8

5.8
7.9

4.3
4.1
7.2
5.3
2.1
3.7
5.2
3.2
3.2
4.2
4.7
3.7
3.4
4.1
4.7
7.0
5.7
8.4
3.4
3.7
2.1
2.3
8.7

4.7
4.6
6.1
5.0
6.4
4.0
5.5
3.5
3.4
5.3
6.3
4.4
2.7
8.0
4.7
6.7
4.4
6.1
2.5
3.4
3.4
6.9
4.4

6.3
5.8
6.7
5.2
6.2
.5
6.7
6.0
6.0
1.2
8.2
5.9
4.5
4.3
6.6
9.7
8.5
7.8
4.9
4.5
3.3
6.2
5.4

6.2
6.3
5.1
8.9
11.8
5.6
6.5
7.4
4.5
7.3
11.7
3.8
4.0
6.3
6.1
7.2
6.0
6.2
8.8
3.5
4.4
8.5
9.7

3.3
4.0
2.2
6.2
3.7
6.8
3.0
4.7
2.8
7.3

4.2
5.7
1.6
5.3
3.5
6.0
3.1
5.1
2.3
7.4

3.1
4.0
1.6
5.5
3.7
6.2
2.5
5.4
2.5
7.6

3.0
4.0
2.0
6.4
4.5
6.6
3.2
4.9
3.2
7.9

3.7
4.1
3.4
7.0
3.7
7.4
3.3
4.3
2.9
7.0

13.2
2.2
_

10.5
2.0
_

13.4
2.2
_

9.8
1.8
_

12.6
2.1
_

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
unemployed
Reason for unemployment

Women,
20 years
and over

Men,
20 years
and over
Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

White

Black

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

1,179
201
51
149
234
345
400

4,691
2,246
619
1,627
754
1,237
453

4,740
2,292
765
1,527
822
1,276
350

1,427
578
121
456
182
444
224

1,558
661
128
532
194
462
242

100.0
16.5
4.6
11.9
15.5
25.9
42.0

100.0
17.0
4.4
12.7
19.9
29.2
33.9

100.0
47.9
13.2
34.7
16.1
26.4
9.7

100.0
48.4
16.1
32.2
17.3
26.9
7.4

100.0
40.5
8.5
32.0
12.7
31.1
15.7

100.0
42.4
8.2
34.2
12.4
29.6
15.5

2.3
2.2
3.6
5.8

2.6
3.1
4.5
5.2

2.1
.7
1.2
.4

2.1
.8
1.2
.3

4.3
1.4
3.3
1.7

4.9
1.4
3.4
1.8

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

6,325
2,909
757
2,152
966
1,740
709

6,495
3,023
912
2,111
1,051
1,802
619

2,895
1,882
451
1,431
383
525
105

2,887
1,880
539
1,341
394
535
79

2,379
853
258
595
419
943
163

2,430
943
321
621
423
923
141

1,050
174
48
126
163
272
441

100.0
46.0
12.0
34.0
15.3
27.5
11.2

100.0
46.5
14.0
32.5
16.2
27.7
9.5

100.0
65.0
15.6
49.4
13.2
18.1
3.6

100.0
65.1
18.7
46.4
13.6
18.5
2.7

100.0
35.9
10.8
25.1
17.6
39.6
6.8

100.0
38.8
13.2
25.6
17.4
38.0
5.8

2.4
.8
1.4
.6

2.4
.8
1.4
.5

3.0
.6
.8
.2

2.9
.6
.8
.1

1.6
.8
1.8
.3

1.8
.8
1.7
.3

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants


http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/
22
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
November 1989
Duration of unemployment

Total unemployed
Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons

Total 16 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other iob losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men 20 vears and over
Job losers
On lavoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women 20 years and over .
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes 16 to 19 years
Job losers
On lavoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

Percent

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

6,495

100.0

49.8

30.2

20.0

10.5

9.5

3,023
912
2,111
1,051
1,802
619

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

45.3
66.7
36.0
59.5
52.0
48.9

31.2
23.0
34.7
25.8
31.0
31.0

23.6
10.4
29.3
14.7
17.0
20.1

11.6
6.4
13.8
9.1
9.5
10.6

12.0
4.0
15.5
5.5
7.5
9.5

2,887

100.0

43.0

31.0

26.0

11.7

14.3

1,880
539
1,341
394
535
79

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

42.5
67.9
32.3
49.5
42.7
23.6

31.2
21.8
35.0
28.8
31.3
35.0

26.3
10.3
32.7
21.8
25.9
41.4

11.4
6.3
13.5
11.8
11.8
16.3

14.9
4.0
19.2
10.0
14.1
25.1

2,430

100.0

52.8

29.9

17.3

10.5

6.8

943
321
621
423
923
141

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

47.9
62.9
40.1
58.9
54.7
54.9

31.2
25.4
34.3
26.9
30.3
27.4

20.9
11.8
25.6
14.2
14.9
17.7

13.2
7.4
16.2
9.9
8.9
3.8

7.7
4.3
9.4
4.3
6.0
13.9

1,179

100.0

60.2

29.0

10.8

7.7

3.1

201
51
149
234
345
400

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

58.5

30.6

10.9

5.1

5.8

0

0

0

0

0

6.7
3.4
7.4
11.9

13.9
3.8
8.6
16.7

34.0
18.7
32.2
31.5

52.1
77.5
59.1
51.8

7.2
.4
1.2
4.9

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-16. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Total
Duration of unemployment

Thousands of persons

Full-time workers
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Total, 16 years and over

6,325

6,495

100.0

100.0

4,927

5,030

100.0

100.0

Less than 5 weeks .
. .
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and o v e r . . .
15 to 26 weeks ....
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over

3,080
1,909
1,439
470
1,335
682
653
213
440

3,234
1,963
1,420
543
1,298
682
616
250
366

48.7
30.2
22.8
7.4
21.1
10.8
10.3
3.4
7.0

49.8
30.2
21.9
8.4
20.0
10.5
9.5
3.8
5.6

2,184
1,515
1,152
364
1,228
625
603
203
400

2,302
1,571
1,115
456
1,158
611
546
225
321

44.3
30.7
23.4
7.4
24.9
12.7
12.2
4.1
8.1

45.8
31.2
22.2
9.1
23.0
12.1
10.9
4.5
6.4

12.5
5.3

11.6
4.5

14.0
6.2

12.7
5.5

Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17.

Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Total

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks

27
Less
5 to 14 15 to 26 weeks
than
and
weeks weeks
5 weeks
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

November 1989

Unemployed
less than
5 weeks

Unemployed
15 weeks
and over

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

6,495
1,179
1,199
1,746
1,194
675
392
110

3,234
710
655
866
510
269
175
50

1,963
342
362
504
403
204
117
31

682
91
110
198
135
101
33
14

616
36
72
178
146
102
67
14

11.6
6.9
9.1
11.9
13.5
17.2
15.8
12.6

4.5
3.7
4.1
4.6
6.0
7.3
6.0
5.3

48.7
60.5
54.4
46.2
45.8
41.9
30.2
45.6

49.8
60.2
54.6
49.6
42.7
39.8
44.6
45.7

21.1
10.4
18.1
20.9
23.8
29.7
37.9
29.7

20.0
10.8
15.2
21.5
23.5
30.0
25.6
26.1

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,563
676
653
895
648
378
240
73

1,625
383
311
405
267
126
98
35

1,108
213
225
251
217
119
61
22

390
53
63
117
64
57
27

440
26
55
122
100
76
55
7

13.3
7.4
10.6
13.8
14.8
21.2
19.9

5.5
4.0
5.0
5.6
6.4
8.9
8.0

44.8
55.8
51.8
43.1
41.5
33.9
31.1

45.6
56.7
47.6
45.3
41.2
33.3
40.6

25.4
12.0
18.1
26.0
29.6
38.0
40.2

23.3
11.7
18.0
26.7
25.3
35.2
34.2

O

0

O

0

0

O

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

2,933
503
546
852
547
297
151
37

1,609
326
344
461
244
143
77
15

855
129
137
254
186
85
56
9

292
38
47
82
71
44
6
5

176
10
18
56
46
26
12
7

9.4
6.3
7.3
9.8
12.0
12.2
9.3

4.1
3.5
3.6
4.2
5.7
5.1
4.4

53.4
66.1
57.3
49.9
50.4
52.5
28.5

54.9
64.8
63.0
54.1
44.6
48.1
51.0

16.0
8.5
18.0
14.7
17.3
18.7
33.4

16.0
9.6
11.8
16.2
21.4
23.4
11.9

O

O

O

O

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

4,740
2,663
2,077

2,443
1,285
1,158

1,416
814
602

467
270
197

414
294
120

11.0
12.5
9.1

4.4
4.9
4.0

49.6
45.3
55.1

51.5
48.3
55.8

20.8
25.1
15.2

18.6
21.2
15.3

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,558
786
771

688
283
406

486
255
230

193
110
83

191
138
53

13.5
16.7
10.4

5.8
7.7
4.3

45.6
42.6
48.6

44.2
35.9
52.6

21.4
25.2
17.6

24.6
31.6
17.5

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,273
458
1,832

524
214
888

404
116
588

164
44
182

181
84
175

15.1
17.0
11.2

6.5
5.5
4.8

40.8
38.7
49.8

41.2
46.7
48.5

31.2
29.6
19.4

27.1
27.9
19.5

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,139
622
1,172

599
314
696

384
174
297

102
65
125

54
68
54

8.8
13.0
8.1

4.3
4.4
3.8

54.1
48.7
55.7

52.6
50.5
59.4

16.4
19.1
13.6

13.7
21.4
15.3

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

24FRASER
Digitized for


O

ft

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18.

Unemployed persons by occupation, Industry, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Occupation and industry

Total

Less
than

5 weeks

5 to 14 15 to 26
weeks
weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

Unemployed Unemployed
15 weeks
less than
and over
5 weeks
Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov.
1988 1989 1988 1989

November 1989
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

239
752
594
362
773
163

218
426
327
191
501
71

90
173
107
59
153
30

78
111
105
82
132
31

14.3
10.6
10.8
12.2
10.9
12.6

7.6
4.4
4.3
4.3
4.6
4.1

39.9
50.2
52.2
45.5
46.9
50.9

38.2
51.4
52.4
52.2
49.6
55.3

26.8
18.1
16.8
22.7
25.2
17.9

26.9
19.5
18.7
20.3
18.3
20.7

1,676
149

147
328
505
308
196
117
823
799
69

50
171
387
219
169
82
411
535
37

28
51
116
67
49
30
157
193
24

18
47
138
82
56
22
122
149
19

10.1
9.7
13.3
13.2
13.4
10.9
10.3
11.4
14.4

3.7
4.1
5.8
5.5
6.1
5.3
4.1
5.0
5.8

50.7
53.5
42.6
43.5
41.4
35.4
51.5
49.5
40.4

60.7
54.8
44.1
45.6
41.7
46.6
54.4
47.7
46.3

17.6
20.4
24.4
28.4
19.4
33.7
18.2
18.7
30.3

18.6
16.6
22.2
22.2
22.3
20.7
18.4
20.4
28.9

697

344

212

67

74

13.0

4.7

53.6

49.4

20.1

20.2

625
1,462
1,133
693
1,559

295

1

INDUSTRY
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration
No previous work experience
1

242
598
1,146
676
470
251
1,514

Includes wage and salary workers only.




25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
November 1989
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race
Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

9.7
4.0

Average
number of
methods
used

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

72.6
79.5
71.9
71.8
71.4
68.7
67.1
61.6

38.3
21.7
41.0
40.9
45.6
44.0
44.7
35.3

20.2
12.8
22.2
19.8
23.0
21.6
30.6
20.7

4.1
4.3
3.6
3.6
4.2
5.4
4.2
7.9

1.70
1.35
1.72
1.77
1.87
1.82
1.80
1.49

73.0
81.1
70.3
68.6
74.1
72.8
69.9

36.9
21.7
39.9
39.5
43.0
43.8
45.3

23.5
15.8
28.3
24.3
26.0
21.8
29.8

4.8
3.8
3.8
4.6
4.3
7.8
5.8

1.75
1.41
1.77
1.84
1.91
1.96
1.79

O

O

O

O

72.1
77.6
73.7
75.0
68.5
63.7
62.6

40.0
21.7
42.2
42.3
48.4
44.4
43.8

16.5

31.8

0

3.4
4.8
3.3
2.7
4.0
2.5
1.7

6,495
1,179
1,199
1,746
1,194
675
392
110

5,507
1,101
1,066
1,451
956
525
326
81

24.6
12.4
23.0
29.9
31.1
27.5
24.7
17.3

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,563
676
653
895
648
378
240
73

2,939
617
563
720
498
286
199
55

26.1
15.1
23.6
34.5
29.8
31.6
23.8

10.3
3.5

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

2,933
503
546
852
547
297
151
37

2,569
484
503
732
458
239
127
26

22.8

9.1
4.6
9.2
9.4

O

O

0

O

O

1.64
1.27
1.66
1.70
1.83
1.66
1.82
•0

White, 16 years and over...
Men
Women

4,740
2,663
2,077

3,910
2,118
1,792

23.4
25.5
21.0

9.6
10.7
8.2

73.4
74.6
71.9

39.4
37.3
41.8

19.8
22.7
16.4

4.2
5.2
3.0

1.70
1.76
1.62

Black, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

1,558
786
771

1,422
719
703

27.8
28.8
26.9

8.7
11.1

71.8
71.0
72.6

34.4
33.6
35.2

20.9
25.9
15.8

3.5
2.6
4.5

1.68
1.71
1.66

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

25 to 34 years
35
45
55
65

to 44 years
to 54 years
to 64 years
years and over

0

9.1
22.3
25.4
32.5
22.6
26.2

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

10.2
10.8
11.9

15.2
8.8

6.1

11.1

12.2
13.6
18.3
4.2

0

10.0
11.4

16.0

9.9

9.1

15.5
15.3
19.7
21.4

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

A-20. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
November 1989
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Thousands of persons
Sex and reason

Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

5,507
2,095
1,028
1,776
609

24.6
33.4
19,6
20.0
16.2

2,939

Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Total, 16 years and over ....
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

6,495
3,023
1,051
1,802
619

Men, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,563
2,039

Women, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

2,933
984
536
1,090
323

515

712
297

1,448
503
698
290

2,569
647
526
1,078
319

Employer
directly

Friends
or
relatives

9.7
10.8
12.4
8.4
5.5

72.6
71.6
75.1
69.8
79.8

38.3
41.0
43.3
37.3
23.8

20.2
24.5
17.6
18.0
16.7

4.1
3.8
3.2
5.3
3.4

1.70
1.85
1.71
1.59
1.45

26.1
32.6
21.0
19.8
17.8

10.3
11.8
12.8
8.2
3.7

73.0
72.8
72.7
69.3
83.3

36.9
38.2
43.2
34.9
23.9

23.5
26.1
21.0
21.6
20.0

4.8
4.3
3.1
8.0
2.1

1.75
1.86
1.74
1.62
1.51

22.8
35.0
18.2
20.1
14.7

9.1
8.8
11.9
8.5
7.2

72.1
68.8
77.3
70.1
76.7

40.0
47.3
43.3
38.8
23.8

16.5
21.0
14.4
15.6
13.7

3.4
2.5
3.3
3.5
4.5

1.64
1.83
1.68
1.57
1.41

1
Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within




Average
number of
methods
used

Placed
or
answered
ads

Other

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Men

Total
Industry and age

All industries

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
Agriculture

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
Nonagricultural industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over




Nov.

Nov.

1988

1989

116,314
6,492
2,579
3,913
13,023
81,830
33,911
29,099
18,819
11,592
6,968
4,623
3,377

118,168
6,449
2,441
4,008
12,649
84,152
34,540
29,991
19,621
11,639
6,918
4,721
3,280

3,111

3,033

200
95
105
317

173
74
99
309

1,879

1,888

779
586
514
438
248
190
275

791
678
419
391
193
198
272

113,203
6,292
2,484
3,808
12,706
79,950
33,132
28,513
18,305
11,153
6,721
4,433
3,102

115,135
6,275
2,367
3,908
12,340
82,264
33,749
29,313
19,202
11,248
6,725
4,523
3,008

Women

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

63,442
3,341

64,302
3,269
1,203
2,066

53,866
3,179
1,237
1,942
6,069

1,931

1,879

52,872
3,151
1,281
1,871
6,232
37,006
15,118
13,360
8,528
5,037
3,054
1,983
1,446

2,426
158
68
90

2,376
128
58
70

684
42
27
16
51
436

1,299
2,043
6,791
44,824

18,793
15,740
10,291
6,555
3,914
2,641

6,580
46,002
19,044

16,268
10,690
6,571

3,916
2,655

266

260

1,444
617
435
392
330
190
140
228

1,446
616
516
314
318
162
156
223

61,016
3,183
1,230

61,926

1,953
6,525
43,380
18,176
15,305
9,899
6,225
3,725
2,500
1,703

3,141

1,146
1,995
6,320
44,556
18,428

162
152
122
108
58
50
47
52,188
3,109
1,254
1,855
6,181
36,570
14,956

15,752
10,376
6,253
3,754

13,208

2,499

1,933
1,399

1,656

8,406

4,928
2,996

38,150

15,496
13,722
8,931
5,068
3,002
2,066

1,401
656
45
16
29
49
442
176
161

105
72
30
42
48

53,210
3,134
1,221

1,913
6,020
37,707
15,320
13,561
8,826
4,996
2,971
2,024

1,352

27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Men

Total
16 years
and over

Occupation

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

20 years
and over
Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

16 years
and over
Nov.
1988

20 years
and over

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

116,314 118,168 63,442 64,302 60,101 61,033 52,872 53,866 49,721 50,687

Total

29,800
14,430
596
10,032
3,802
15,370
1,755
705
357
867
2,158

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

Nov.
1989

16 years
and over

Women

823
4,068
775
3,860
,
,

30,727 16,281 16,566 16,215 16,491 13,519 14,160 13,390 14,024
14,637 8,685 8,750 8,649 8,721 5,745 5,887 5,690 5,832
341
341
341
255
581
341
240
255
241
10,232 6,526 6,489 6,495 6,462 3,506 3,743 3,459 3,706
3,824
16,089
1,815
927
355
868

2,213
778
4,263
793
4,078

1,818

7,597
1,625
460
260
715
298

515
1,097

630
1,995

1,921
7,816
1,703
592
253
695
302
498
1,096
621
2,057

1,813
7,565
1,624
460
260
715
298
511
1,088
630
1,979

1,918
7,770
1,703
589
253
695
298
498
1,085
621
2,028

1,984
7,773
130
245
97
152
1,860
308
2,971
146
1,865

1,903
8,273
112
335
102
173
1,911
280
3,167
172
2,021

1,975
7,700
128
245
97
149
1,856
305
2,928
146
1,846

1,885
8,192
113
334
102
173
1,910
272
3,130
172
1,985

35,863 36,844 12,574 13,032 11,869 12,304 23,289 23,812 21,548 22,021
1,810 1,919 1,781 1,898 1,728 1,812 1,710 1,780
3,538 3,730
1,261
1,354
218
216
1,037
263
262 1,043
1,090
1,077
1,149
1,137
915
896
234
221
909
895
228
215
1,128
1,239
676
746
669
741
452
452
493
488
14,044 14,393
7,125
6,919
7,272 6,706 6,813
5,855 6,061
7,121
3,708 3,936 2,477
2,491
2,465 2,467 1,232 1,446
1,199
1,417
2,526
2,315
1,474
1,300 1,460
1,292 1,052 1,015
1,006
999
1,568
1,743
1,234
334
1,374 1,229
1,364
326
369
364
6,177
6,331
1,928
2,094 1,540 1,678 4,249 4,238 3,274 3,233
65
67
13
52
13
13
13
50
54
50
3,640 3,841 3,381 3,593 14,642 14,880 13,983 14,179
18,281 18,721
276
429
721
325
275
320
430
396
705
397
276
577
849
306
266
301
542
543
854
518
111
4,557
113
104
105
4,877 4,395 4,706
4,669 4,990
232
2,228
227
227
223
2,229 2,183 2,183
2,460 2,456
604
360
622
583
595
342
357
964
979
335
2,248 1,927 2,049 6,490 6,477 6,092 6,041
8,630 8,725 2,140

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

15,489 15,352
941
849
1,929
1,917
12,619 12,586
5,223 5,364
1,954
1,991
3,027 2,962
2,415
2,268

5,102
30
1,604
3,468
1,478
163
1,475
352

9,538
918
280
8,340
3,228
1,773
1,332
2,007

9,317
805
283
8,229
3,195
1,819
1,350
1,865

8,528
111
263
7,488
2,636
1,703
1,266
1,884

8,352
675
266
7,411
2,620
1,756
1,296
1,739

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,779 14,124 12,607 12,869 12,278 12,568
4,425 4,566 4,280 4,391 4,176 4,281
5,172 5,358 5,068 5,255 4,912 5,101
4,182 4,200 3,259 3,224 3,190 3,186

1,171
145
104
923

1,255
175
104
977

1,130
132
98
900

1,223
173
103
947

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

18,057 17,932 13,251 13,146 12,115 12,094
8,279 8,174 4,880 4,837 4,660 4,651
6,836 6,663 3,986 3,910 3,854 3,776
3,792 3,744 2,563 2,556 2,488 2,471
3,044 2,919 1,423 1,354 1,366 1,305
1,444 1,512
894
927
806
874
4,903 4,913 4,435 4,431 4,299 4,296
3,630 3,635 3,215 3,207 3,096 3,105
1,273 1,278 1,220 1,224 1,203 1,191
4,874 4,845 3,936 3,878 3,155 3,148
739
692
714
666
640
618
4,135 4,153 3,222 3,212 2,516 2,530

4,806
3,399
2,849
1,228
1,621
550
469
416
53
938
26
912

4,786
3,338
2,753
1,188
1,565
585
482
428
54
966
26
940

4,614
3,306
2,775
1,197
1,579
531
464
412
52
844
22
822

4,571
3,238
2,677
1,161
1,516
561
462
408
54
870
24
846

549
225
324

536
181
355

511
221
291

496
182
315

Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations


28


3,326
1,311
2,015

3,190
1,207
1,982

5,952
23
1,649
4,280
1,995
181
1,695
408

2,776
1,086
1,690

6,035
44
1,635
4,356
2,169
172
1,612
404

2,654
1,026
1,629

5,061
15
1,621
3,425
1,349
169
1,542
365

2,563
1,077
1,486

2,474
1,014
1,461

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Total
Occupation and race

Men

Women

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

116,314
100.0

118,168
100.0

63,442
100.0

64,302
100.0

52,872
100.0

53,866
100.0

25.6

26.0
12.4

25.7
13.7
12.0
19.8

25.6
10.9
14.7
44.0
3.3

26.3

11.2
5.7

25.8
13.6
12.2
20.3
3.0
11.3
6.0

9.4

9.4

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

12.4
13.2
30.8
3.0
12.1
15.7
13.3
.8
1.7
10.8
11.8

15.5
7.1
4.2
4.2

13.6
31.2
3.2
12.2

15.8
13.0
.7

1.6
10.7
12.0

15.2
6.9
4.2

2.9

0
2.6
6.7
19.9

20.9
7.7
7.0
6.2
4.4

10.9

15.4
44.2
3.4
13.2
27.6

4.1

13.1
27.7
18.0
1.7
.5
15.8
2.2
9.1
6.4
.9
1.8
1.0

.1
2.5
6.8
20.0
20.4
7.5

6.9
6.0

17.3
1.5
.5
15.3
2.3
8.9
6.2
.9
1.8
1.0

2.9

4.1
2.7

100,818
100.0

102,167
100.0

55,647
100.0

56,282
100.0

45,171
100.0

45,884
100.0

26.8
13.1
13.7
31.1
3.0

27.1
13.1
14.0

26.9

26.9

14.5
12.4
20.0

14.3
12.6
20.5
3.0
11.9

26.7
11.4

2.9

19.6
7.3
6.7
5.6
4.5

6.0
20.5
19.3
7.2
6.6
5.6
4.3

27.9
16.7
1.6
.5
14.7
2.1
8.5
6.0
.8
1.7
1.2

27.4
11.5
15.8
45.2
3.3
13.8
28.1
15.9
1.2
.5
14.2
2.2
8.2
5.7
.9
1.7
1.1

11,923
100.0

12,056
100.0

5,878
100.0

5,932
100.0

6,045
100.0

6,124
100.0

14.8
6.7
8.1
28.7
2.3
7.8

16.0
7.0
8.9

12.5
6.3
6.2

13.5
7.1
6.4

18.4
7.0
11.4

28.1
3.0
7.6
17.6

17.4
1.9
5.8

17.4
2.4
5.8
9.3

17.0
7.1
10.0
39.7
2.7
9.8
27.2
28.0
3.4
1.2

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent^
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

12.6
15.4
12.2
.7
1.6

9.9
12.3
14.6

6.7
4.1
3.8
3.0

31.6
3.1
12.8
15.7
11.8
.6

1.5
9.7
12.3
14.4
6.5
4.0
3.8

2.9
11.8
5.3
8.5

O
2.5

6.0
20.5

5.6
8.4
.1
2.4

15.3
44.8
3.3

13.6

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
1

18.6
22.3
1.7
2.7
17.9
8.5
23.8
10.2
6.2
7.5
1.9

22.4
1.8
2.6
18.0
9.7
22.1
9.8
5.7
6.6
1.7

9.7
16.5

O
4.2
12.3

15.0
35.1
11.2
11.2

12.7
3.5

17.4
.1
4.3
13.0
17.0
31.6
10.7
10.5
10.5
3.0

23.4
2.1
12.9
9.2
1.3
2.3
.3

38.5
3.5
9.3
25.6
27.2
3.4
1.0
22.8
2.6
12.9
8.9
1.0
3.0
.5

Less than 0.05 percent.




7Q

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
November 1989
Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers

Age and sex

Total
Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

106,241

6,213
2,344
3,869
12,028

31,732
26,786
17,237

Private
household Government
workers
1,039
173
117
56

91
169
161
170

18,042
304
72
232
1,098
4,499
5,658

3,956

9,858
5,941
3,917
2,387

170
93
11

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

56,312
3,111
1,137
1,974
6,135
17,187
14,150
9,136
5,344
3,248
2,096
1,249

125
37
24
13
10
15
22
16
19
12
7
7

8,231
136
34

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

49,929
3,101
1,207
1,894
5,894
14,545
12,636
8,101
4,514
2,693
1,821
1,138

914

9,810

136
93
43
81

167
38


30


Agriculture

104

2,109

1,322
787
418

102
490
2,065
2,557
1,798
990
616
375

194

154

129
608
2,434

139

3,101

154

2,158
1,119
707

152
81
70

97

412
223

Other

87,160
5,736
2,155
3,580
10,839
27,064
20,968
13,111
7,578
4,525
3,053
1,865

Unpaid
family
workers

Wage and
salary
workers

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

8,645
52
16
36
302

249
10
7
4
9

1,590

100
15
10
5

1,969
2,463
1,904
1,346

48
63
62
45
29
16
12

514
325

68

1,343
20
5
15
37
258
331
226
276
134
142
195

1,242

1,113

103
49
54
221

14
2
12
34

395

217
259
184
234
119

21
11
7
4
5
3

Selfemployed
workers

756
590
609

137
58
80

263
175
108
53
55

47,955
2,938
1,079
1,858
5,635
15,107
11,571
7,323
4,335
2,620
1,715
1,047

5,582
26
5
21
184
1,231
1,601
1,239

31
3
4

899

10
7
3
5

131
84
43
41
50

39,205
2,798
1,076
1,722
5,205
11,957
9,396
5,789
3,243
1,905
1,338
817

3,063
26
11
15
118
737
862
665
446
257

218
7
3
4
8

348
35
9
26
42

38
63
61
35
22
14
7

119
67
45
24
10
14
18

499
400
402

190
208

1

10
1
1

259

9
20
22
18
7
6
1
9

115
170

230
6
3
2
2
41
72
42
41
15
27
25

79
4
4
1
5
16
22
18
7
6
1

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
November 1989
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries .
Professional services...
Public administration

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

Precision
Farming,
Machine
producHandlers, forestry,
operTransportion,
and
equipment
ators,
tation
craft,
cleaners, fishing
assemand
and
helpers,
blers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
laborers
inspectors

Total
Executive,
AdminisTechniemadministrative
cians
Private
Profesployed
Other
trative,
and
Sales support, housesional
and
service1
including hold
specialty related
manaclerical
support
gerial

28
10
68
807
357
449

129
68
442
2,355
1,350
1,005

13
6
38
348
186
162

37
266
4,597
4,043
2,778
1,265

14
26
118
6,663
3,744
2,919

48
145
535
833
420
413

21
27
783
1,205
600
605

2,563
5
13
98
95
4

464
469
100
369

337
313
107 10,404
33 1,959
74 8,445

2,204
2,438
801
1,637

274
4,441
67
4,374

1,294
1,674
370
1,303

100
380
147
233

1,814
909
402
508

485
1,819
291
1,528

11
39
19
20

240
11,966
9
11,957
10,659
852

124 1,889
2,102
830
1
5
2,101
825
1,697
148
266
20

3,041
6,569
7
6,562
4,738
1,475

250
7,832
87
7,744
4,405
1,302

133
1,865
8
1,857
389
215

31
804
1
803
205
39

7
561
5
556
346
61

30
418
29
389
111
59

47
348
43
305
81
67

3,033
754
7,700
21,577
12,966
8,611

71
120
936
2,669
1,644
1,024

75
63
130
1,830
1,246
584

8,135
24,717
4,664
20,052

838
2,037
475
1,562

7,903
38,774
1,048
37,727
25,400
5,575

2,114
4,630
2
4,629
2,620
1,222

34
18
40
726
546
180

849
849

Includes protective service, not shown separately.

A-26. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers1

Total
Reason not working and sex
Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Paid absences
Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Unpaid absences

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Nov.
1988

Nov.
1989

Total, 16 years and over ....
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
All other reasons

3,845
1,473
1,291
57
32
991

4,516
1,852
1,416
65
100
1,082

3,720
1,429
1,264
50
32
945

4,398
1,814
1,379
59
100
1,045

1,700
1,011
509

2,054
1,254
522

1,606
294
677

1,902
391
764

180

278

635

747

Men, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

2,041
936
599
505

2,352
1,103
690
559

1,931
898
575
457

2,265
1,075
657
532

958
661
230
67

1,152
789
254
109

737
168
308
261

859
186
348
325

Women, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

1,804
536
692
576

2,164
748
726
690

1,789
531
689
569

2,133
740
722
671

745
351
280
114

901
465
268
168

870
126
369
374

1,042
205
416
421

1

Excludes private household workers.
Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
2




3

Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27.

Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
November 1989
Thousands of persons

Hours of work
All
industries

Agriculture

Percent distribution

Nonagricultural
industries

All
industries

Nonagricultural
industries

Agriculture

113,652

2,915

110,737

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours

27,454
771
4,644
13,831
8,208

842
45
199
364
234

26,612
726
4,445
13,467
7,974

24.2
.7
4.1
12.2
7.2

28.9
1.5
6.8
12.5
8.0

24.0
.7
4.0
12.2
7.2

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

86,198
7,409
43,727
35,061
12,421
12,942
9,698

2,073
136
613
1,324
252
398
674

84,125
7,273
43,115
33,737
12,169
12,545
9,024

75.8
6.5
38.5
30.8
10.9
11.4
8.5

71.1
4.7
21.0
45.4
8.6
13.7
23.1

76.0
6.6
38.9
30.5
11.0
11.3
8.1

39.5
43.9

43.2
50.2

39.4
43.7

Total, 16 years and over

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules

A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1989
All industries

Nonagricultural industries

Reason for working less than 35 hours
Total
Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons


32


Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

Total

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

27,454

8,015

19,439

26,612

7,670

18,942

4,737
2,374
45
167
97
2,054

1,735
1,426
45
167
97

3,002
948

4,488
2,175
43
165
97
2,008

1,581
1,276
43
165
97

2,907
899

22,716
13,761
1,502
1,634
447
2
1,185
1,782
2,405

6,279

6,089

1,687

1,782
718

22,124
13,475
1,488
1,603
380
2
1,175
1,744
2,257

1,606

1,744
651

22.5
21.3

24.2
26.2

21.5
19.4

22.6
21.3

24.2
26.3

21.6
19.4

1,591
6,617

793
3,491

798
3,126

1,512
6,461

726
3,409

786
3,052

2,054

1,502
1,457
447
2
1,185

16,437
13,761
177

2,008

1,488
1,438
380
2
1,175

16,035
13,475
165

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1989
Industry

Total
at
work

On part
time
for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours
hours
or more
or less

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

110,737

4,488

16,035

90,214

56,477

12,169

21,569

39.4

43.7

102,266

3,863

14,532

83,872

53,501

11,625

18,746

39.3

43.4

684

19

13

653

308

116

229

47.0

48.1

5,948

347

269

5,332

3,490

720

1,123

40.5

42.7

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

20,325
12,214
8,111

447
170
277

723
299
424

19,155
11,745
7,411

11,832
7,064
4,767

3,163
2,017
1,146

4,161
2,663
1,498

42.2
42.8
41.4

43.5
43.6
43.3

Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

7,379
21,994
6,999

201
1,237
119

458
5,369
672

6,720
15,388
6,208

4,132
8,875
4,210

986
2,414
797

1,601
4,098
1,201

42.1
37.2
40.2

44.1
44.4
42.6

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

33,583
1,019
32,564
5,354

1,445
141
1,305
47

6,798
472
6,325
230

25,340
406
24,934
5,076

16,918
242
16,676
3,737

2,955
61
2,894
474

5,467
103
5,365
865

37.4
27.2
37.7
40.8

43.1
46.4
43.1
41.9

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

8,223
248

616
9

1,386
117

6,221
121

2,897
79

528
16

2,796
27

40.9
31.6

48.0
42.0

Total, 16 years and over
Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction




33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1989

Sex, age, race, and marital status

Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours
or less

41 hours
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

110,737
6,096
2,286
3,810
104,641
11,987
92,655
60,783
29,049
2,823

4,488
404
60
343
4,084
695
3,390
2,229
1,033
128

16,035
3,732
2,039
1,693
12,303
2,246
10,057
5,498
3,159
1,400

90,214
1,960
187
1,773
88,254
9,046
79,208
53,056
24,857
1,294

56,477
1,547
147
1,400
54,930
6,222
48,708
32,045
15,762
900

33,737
413
40
373
33,324
2,824
30,500
21,011
9,095
394

39.4
24.8
17.6
29.1
40.2
37.0
40.6
41.2
40.5
28.9

43.7
40.4
37.2
40.7
43.8
42.5
44.0
44.1
43.8
42.0

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

59,661
3,052
1,098
1,954
56,609
6,166
50,442
33,061
15,823
1,559

2,048
210
33
177
1,838
344
1,494
1,016
421
56

4,813
1,734
962
772
3,079
942
2,137
786
633
717

52,800
1,108
103
1,005
51,692
4,880
46,811
31,259
14,769
786

29,244
833
79
754
28,410
3,062
25,348
16,438
8,408
506

23,556
275
24
251
23,281
1,818
21,463
14,821
6,361
280

42.3
26.1
18.5
30.5
43.2
38.7
43.7
44.4
43.5
30.6

45.2
40.9
37.6
41.2
45.3
43.6
45.5
45.7
45.1
43.0

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

51,076
3,044
1,188
1,856
48,033
5,820
42,212
27,723
13,226
1,263

2,440
194
27
167
2,246
351
1,895
1,212
613
72

11,222
1,998
1,077
921
9,224
1,304
7,920
4,711
2,526
683

37,414
852
84
768
36,562
4,165
32,397
21,800
10,087
509

27,233
714
68
646
26,519
3,159
23,360
15,610
7,352
395

10,181
138
16
122
10,043
1,006
9,037
6,190
2,735
114

35.9
23.4
16.7
27.7
36.7
35.2
36.9
37.4
36.9
26.6

41.7
39.7
36.6
40.1
41.7
41.3
41.8
41.8
41.8
40.4

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

95,638
52,104
43,533

3,631
1,670
1,960

14,361
4,224
10,136

77,646
46,210
31,437

47,154
24,758
22,396

30,492
21,451
9,041

39.5
42.6
35.8

44.0
45.5
41.8

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

11,361
5,579
5,782

663
282
381

1,141
397
744

9,557
4,900
4,657

7,265
3,414
3,850

2,292
1,485
807

38.6
40.4
36.9

41.9
43.0
40.7

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

37,914
6,165
15,582

891
271
886

1,472
281
3,059

35,550
5,613
11,636

18,600
3,166
7,477

16,950
2,447
4,159

44.2
43.0
37.4

45.8
45.2
43.5

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

28,408
10,134
12,534

1,166
559
714

6,501
1,248
3,473

20,741
8,327
8,347

15,373
5,740
6,120

5,368
2,587
2,226

35.8
38.5
34.1

41.3
42.3
41.8

RACE

MARITAL STATUS


34


HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1989
Average
hours,
Average
workers
hours,
40
on full49
total
41 to 48
time
hours
hours
at work
hours
schedor more
or less
ules

O n full-time schedules
Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1

Total
at
work

110,615

O n part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part
time

4,499

16,010

90,106

56,311

12,189

21,605

39.4

43.8

529
206
323

2,849

26,294
13,219
13,076
27,602
3,095
10,240
14,266
9,296

14,168
6,601
7,567
18,507
2,141
5,320
11,045
6,617

3,418
1,721
1,697
3,603

8,708
4,896
3,812
5,492

441

513

1,401
1,761
1,004

3,519
1,459
1,675

329

203
964

51
253
701

75
425

437

42.5
44.4
40.7
37.8
39.6
39.2
36.4
34.1
26.6
42.1
33.4
41.9
39.9
40.6
42.7
35.6

45.4
46.1
44.7
42.9
42.7
45.9
40.8
42.8
44.9
45.1
42.1
43.7
43.2
42.4
46.2
41.2

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

29,672
14,145
15,526
35,536
3,594
13,861
18,082
14,781

1

59,419

2,044

16,091
8,491
7,600
12,621
1,850
7,072
3,699
5,851

191
94
97
288
43
155
89

Men, 16 years and over

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.




833
1,846
12,103
13,442
17,184
7,862
4,691
4,631

1,134

77
595
461

721
2,128
6,800

421

1,286

3,025
3,355
4,200

97
29

408
175

1,160

3,617

585
965
323
212
430

527

Total

365
459
811

1,642
7,325
12,330
14,584
7,174
4,019
3,390

5,450
7,564
9,455
4,885
2,078
2,492

1,894
2,270
1,182
627
461

4,749

52,627

29,041

7,499

16,087

42.4

45.2

758

15,141
8,139
7,002
10,973
1,696
6,148
3,129
4,241

1,921
1,026
895
1,595
249
844

6,258
3,696
2,562
3,653
356
2,730

502
463
2
213

567
954

248
1,771
1,749

553

150
291
604

370

2,696
2,526
860
1,280
386

45.5
46.7
44.3
42.4
41.8
44.3
39.0
37.1
(2)
43.1
35.0
42.2
40.9
42.2
43.8
35.9

47.2
47.8
46.4
45.8
43.7
48.0
42.7
43.9

1,430
2,796
11,348
10,923
4,395
3,774
2,754

6,963
3,418
3,545
5,725
1.0&1
2,574
2,060
2,824
9
820
1,994
6,881
6,648
2,740
1,908
1,999

1,634

258
501
1,360

111
770
480

1,175
2,871
2,859
1,108
1,314

44

399
11

1,212
18

1,572
4,235
12,253
12,603
4,659
4,232
3,712

23
364
531
635
114
167
354

119

51,196

2,455

11,262

37,480

27,271

4,690

5,519

35.9

41.7

13,581
5,654
7,926
22,915
1,744
6,788
14,383
8,931
789
274
7,868
1,189
4,581
3,203

338

2,090
463
1,627
5,440
310
2,255
2,874
2,988
390
56
2,543

11,153
5,080
6,073
16,629
1,399
4,092
11,137
5,055
314
212
4,529

1,497
696
801
2,008
192
557
1,259
541
49
40
452
123

2,451
1,200
1,250
1,839
157
789
893
721
71
28
622
175

3,661
2,780

7,205
3,184
4,022
12,782
1,050
2,746
8,985
3,793
194
144
3,456
683
2,808
2,145

245
636

170
493

521
388
41

333
247
34
52

38.9
41.0
37.3
35.3
37.3
33.8
35.7
32.1
26.8
36.2
32.5
38.7
37.1
38.4
32.6
34.7

42.9
43.3
42.6
40.9
41.4
42.6
40.2
41.8
44.9
42.1
41.6
42.5
40.8
40.7
42.0
40.4

459
919

112
226
846
34
441

372
887
85
6

796
54
330
209
45
76

1,074

373
1,045

154
590
214
169
207

15

982

794
586

91

4
397

(2)
45.5
43.0
43.8
44.0
43.4
46.5
41.4

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1988

1989

Employment status and sex
Nov.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

186,949
124,215
66.4
117,652
62.9
1,705
115,947
3,238
112,709
6,563
5.3
62,734

187,098
124,259
66.4
117,705
62.9
1,696
116,009
3,193
112,816
6,554
5.3
62,839

187,340
125,124
66.8
118,407
63.2
1,696
116,711
3,300
113,411
6,716
5.4
62,216

187,461
124,865
66.6
118,537
63.2
1,684
116,853
3,223
113,630
6,328
5.1
62,596

187,581
124,948
66.6
118,820
63.3
1,684
117,136
3,206
113,930
6,128
4.9
62,633

187,708
125,343
66.8
118,797
63.3
1,684
117,113
3,104
114,009
6,546
5.2
62,365

187,854
125,283
66.7
118,888
63.3
1,673
117,215
3,112
114,102
6,395
5.1
62,571

187,995
125,768
66.9
119,207
63.4
1,666
117,541
3,096
114,445
6,561
5.2
62,228

188,149
125,622
66.8
119,125
63.3
1,666
117,459
3,219
114,240
6,497
5.2
62,527

188,286
125,706
66.8
119,285
63.4
1,688
117,597
3,307
114,290
6,421
5.1
62,580

188,428
125,742
66.7
119,158
63.2
1,702
117,456
3,257
114,199
6,584
5.2
62,686

188,580
125,814
66.7
119,254
63.2
1,709
117,545
3,217
114,327
6,561
5.2
62,766

188,721
126,219
66.9
119,490
63.3
1,704
117,786
3,141
114,644
6,729
5.3
62,502

89,716
68,686
76.6
65,074
72.5
1,542
63,532
3,612
5.3
21,030

89,792
68,638
76.4
65,055
72.5
1,534
63,521
3,583
5.2
21,154

89,914
69,032
76.8
65,322
72.6
1,532
63,790
3,710
5.4
20,882

89,973
69,113
76.8
65,572
72.9
1,521
64,051
3,540
5.1
20,860

90,032
69,190
76.9
65,920
73.2
1,521
64,399
3,270
4.7
20,842

90,094
69,360
77.0
65,767
73.0
1,521
64,246
3,593
5.2
20,734

90,167
69,114
76.7
65,713
72.9
1,511
64,202
3,401
4.9
21,053

90,237
69,507
77.0
66,110
73.3
1,501
64,609
3,397
4.9
20,730

90,315
69,245
76.7
65,961
73.0
1,499
64,462
3,284
4.7
21,070

90,384
69,337
76.7
65,934
72.9
1,519
64,415
3,403
4.9
21,047

90,456
69,272
76.6
65,601
72.5
1,531
64,070
3,672
5.3
21,184

90,535
69,606
76.9
66,030
72.9
1,533
64,497
3,576
5.1
20,929

90,606
69,652
76.9
65,942
72.8
1,529
64,413
3,710
5.3
20,955

97,234
55,529
57.1
52,578
54.1
163
52,415
2,951
5.3
41,705

97,306
55,621
57.2
52,650
54.1
162
52,488
2,971
5.3
41,685

97,427
56,091
57.6
53,085
54.5
164
52,921
3,006
5.4
41,336

97,488
55,752
57.2
52,965
54.3
163
52,802
2,787
5.0
41,736

97,550
55,758
57.2
52,900
54.2
163
52,737
2,858
5.1
41,792

97,614
55,983
57.4
53,029
54.3
163
52,866
2,953
5.3
41,631

97,687
56,169
57.5
53,175
54.4
162
53,013
2,994
5.3
41,518

97,758
56,261
57.6
53,097
54.3
165
52,932
3,164
5.6
41,497

97,834
56,377
57.6
53,164
54.3
167
52,997
3,213
5.7
41,457

97,902
56,370
57.6
53,352
54.5
169
53,183
3,018
5.4
41,532

97,972
56,470
57.6
53,557
54.7
171
53,386
2,912
5.2
41,502

98,045
56,208
57.3
53,224
54.3
176
53,048
2,985
5.3
41,837

98,115
56,567
57.7
53,548
54.6
175
53,373
3,019
5.3
41,548

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

1
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
4
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident


36


Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33. Empfoyment status of the civilian noninstitutionai population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1988
Nov.

Dec.

1989
Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutionai population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

185,244 185,402 185,644 185,777 185,897 186,024 186,181 186,329 186,483 186,598 186,726 186,871 187,017
122,510 122,563 123,428 123,181 123,264 123,659 123,610 124,102 123,956 124,018 124,040 124,105 124,515
66.1
66.5
66.5
66.6
66.5
66.4
66.1
66.3
66.3
66.4
66.5
66.4
66.6
115,947 116,009 116,711 116,853 117,136 117,113 117,215 117,541 117,459 117,597 117,456 117,545 117,786
62.6
62.9
63.0
63.1
63.0
62.9
62.6
62.9
63.0
63.0
62.9
63.0
63.0
6,563 6,554 6,716
6,328 6,128 6,546 6,395 6,561 6,497 6,421 6,584 6,561 6,729
5.3
5.4
5.3
5.3
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.1
5.0
5.2

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutionai population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

80,924 81,001 81,162 81,256
62,995 63,002 63,358 63,490
77.8
78.1
77.8
78.1
59,999 60,049 60,420 60,636
74.1
74.4
74.1
74.6
2,292 2,277 2,320
2,313
57,686 57,757 58,143 58,316
2,996 2,953 2,938 2,853
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.5
17,929 17,999 17,804 17,766

81,333 81,413
63,557 63,709
78.1
78.3
60,869 60,757
74.8
74.6
2,317
2,252
58,552 58,505

89,887 89,954 90,072
51,558 51,587 51,998
57.4
57.3
57.7
49,113 49,165 49,543
54.7
55.0
54.6
646
715
640
48,473 48,519 48,827
2,445 2,422 2,455
4.7
4.7
4.7
38,329 38,367 38,074

90,242 90,318 90,432 90,526 90,607 90,684 90,771 90,860 90,952
51,851 51,992 52,171 52,231 52,463 52,373 52,443 52,239 52,533
57.5
57.6
57.7
57.7
57.9
57.8
57.8
57.5
57.8
49,484 49,544 49,690 49,661 49,850 49,905 50,089 49,767 50,041
54.8
54.9
55.0
54.9
54.9
55.0
55.2
54.8
55.0
664
615
627
628
610
644
701
648
608

81,524 81,592 81,679 81,754
63,503 63,831 63,656 63,643
77.9
78.2
77.8
77.9
60,798 61,093 60,921 60,853
74.9
74.6
74.6
74.4
2,284 2,256 2,342 2,364
58,514 58,837 58,579 58,489
2,688 2,952 2,705 2,737 2,734 2,790
4.2
4.6
4.3
4.3
4.4
4.3
17,776 17,704 18,021 17,761 18,023 18,111

81,790
63,721
77.9
60,683
74.2
2,339
58,344
3,038
4.8
18,069

81,905
63,883
78.0
60,981
74.5
2,309
58,673
2,902
4.5
18,022

81,968
63,946
78.0
60,955
74.4
2,287
58,668
2,992
4.7
18,022

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutionai population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

90,153
51,821
57.5
49,514
54.9
666
48,849
2,306
4.5
38,332

48,819 48,929 49,062 49,051 49,223 49,261 49,388 49,119 49,432
2,367 2,448 2,480 2,570 2,613 2,468 2,353 2,472 2,492
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0
4.7
4.5
4.7
4.7
38,391 38,326 38,261 38,295 38,144 38,311 38,328 38,621 38,419

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14,433 14,447 14,410 14,367 14,323 14,293 14,224 14,211 14,196 14,160 14,166 14,107 14,097
7,957 7,974 8,071 7,871 7,856 7,958 7,936 8,040 7,837 8,003 7,876 7,983 8,035
55.2
56.0
55.1
54.8
54.9
55.7
55.8
56.6
55.2
56.5
55.6
56.6
57.0
6,835 6,795 6,748 6,703 6,783 6,812
6,726 6,786 6,687 6,840 6,683 6,796 6,790
47.4
47.0
46.8
46.7
47.4
47.7
47.3
47.8
47.1
48.3
47.2
48.2
48.2
285
255
307
237
237
224
200
230
249
300
216
260
246
6,550 6,540 6,441
6,466 6,559 6,575 6,526 6,556 6,438 6,540 6,467 6,536 6,544
1,122
1,179 1,323 1,168 1,073 1,146 1,210 1,254 1,150 1,163 1,193 1,187 1,245
14.1
14.8
16.4
13.7
14.8
14.4
14.7
15.2
15.6
14.5
15.1
14.9
15.5
6,476 6,473 6,339 6,496 6,467 6,335 6,288 6,171
6,359 6,157 6,290 6,124 6,062

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutionai




population.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1988
Nov.

1989

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

158,603 158,705 158,865 158,947 159,020 159,098 159,200 159,297 159,400 159,470 159,549 159,644 159,736
105,395 105,411 106,106 105,798 105,988 106,312 106,164 106,455 106,424 106,446 106,325 106,544 106,822
66.4
66.5
66.8
66.6
66.7
66.8
66.7
66.8
66.8
66.7
66.8
66.9
66.6
100,543 100,567 101,183 101,278 101,554 101,458 101,465 101,693 101,581 101,670 101,535 101,816 101,943
63.4
63.7
63.8
63.8
63.8
63.4
63.7
63.7
63.9
63.8
63.7
63.8
63.6
4,728 4,879
4,852 4,844 4,923 4,521
4,434 4,854 4,699 4,762 4,843 4,777 4,791
4.6
4.6
4.5
4.4
4.6
4.6
4.6
4.3
4.2
4.6
4.4
4.5
4.5

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

54,922 54,898 55,213 55,308 55,382 55,448 55,249 55,557 55,437 55,377 55,413 55,605 55,694
78.7
78.6
78.6
78.7
78.3
78.2
78.5
78.3
78.4
78.3
78.3
78.5
78.5
52,624 52,636 53,007 53,197 53,387 53,246 53,248 53,500 53,343 53,282 53,097 53,468 53,457
75.4
75.6
75.5
75.0
75.0
75.8
75.5
75.8
75.4
75.5
75.3
75.0
75.5
2,111
2,202 2,001
2,298 2,262 2,205
1,995
2,057 2,094
2,237
2,095
2,316
2,138
4.1
4.0
3.8
3.6
4.0
3.6
4.2
3.7
3.8
3.8
4.2
4.0
3.8

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

43,625 43,644 43,936 43,770 43,780 44,016 44,084 44,050 44,302 44,169 44,192 44,123 44,344
56.9
56.9
56.9
57.2
57.2
56.9
57.2
57.1
57.4
57.2
57.2
57.0
57.3
41,889 41,930 42,201 42,177 42,115 42,207 42,282 42,236 42,411 42,372 42,527 42,368 42,583
54.7
54.6
54.9
54.8
54.8
54.9
54.6
54.8
55.0
54.9
55.0
54.8
55.0
1,665
1,714
1,734
1,593
1,810
1,803
1,736
1,814
1,891
1,798
1,665
1,756
1,761
3.9
3.9
3.6
3.8
4.1
4.1
4.0
4.1
4.3
4.1
3.8
4.0
4.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2 ..,
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,848
58.3
6,030
51.3
818
11.9
12.6
11.3

6,869
58.6
6,001
51.2
868
12.6
13.4
11.8

6,958
59.6
5,975
51.1
983
14.1
16.4
11.7

6,720
57.7
5,904
50.7
816
12.1
14.0
10.2

6,826
58.7
6,052
52.1
774
11.3
12.3
10.2

6,848
59.0
6,005
51.8
843
12.3
13.1
11.5

6,831
59.0
5,936
51.3
895
13.1
14.8
11.2

6,848
59.2
5,957
51.5
891
13.0
13.4
12.6

6,685
57.9
5,827
50.5
858
12.8
12.4
13.4

6,900
60.0
6,016
52.3
884
12.8
12.9
12.7

6,720
58.6
5,910
51.6
810
12.1
13.3
10.8

6,815
59.7
5,981
52.4
834
12.2
13.9
10.4

6,785
59.6
5,903
51.8
882
13.0
14.7
11.2

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

20,811 20,842 20,877 20,905 20,930 20,956 20,986 21,012 21,038 21,060 21,085 21,108 21,136
13,330 13,405 13,477 13,476 13,425 13,287 13,444 13,600 13,555 13,448 13,515 13,491 13,594
64.1
64.1
64.6
64.5
63.4
64.7
63.9
64.1
63.9
64.3
64.1
64.3
64.4
11,831 11,856 11,860 11,873 11,961 11,846 11,968 11,982 12,082 11,958 11,940 11,902 11,949
57.1
56.4
56.5
56.8
56.8
56.5
57.0
57.0
57.4
56.8
56.6
56.8
56.9
1,464
1,589
1,645
1,617
1,603
1,442
1,476
1,618
1,473
1,490
1,574
1,499
1,549
11.8
12.0
11.9
10.9
10.8
11.0
11.9
10.9
11.1
11.6
12.1
11.2
11.6

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,146
74.3
5,545
67.1
601
9.8

6,179
74.6
5,561
67.1
618
10.0

6,226
75.0
5,576
67.2
650
10.4

6,199
74.6
5,549
66.7
650
10.5

6,230
74.8
5,620
67.5
611
9.8

6,171
74.0
5,554
66.6
617
10.0

6,207
74.3
5,622
67.3
586
9.4

6,200
74.1
5,619
67.2
581
9.4

6,205
74.1
5,629
67.2
576
9.3

6,189
73.8
5,580
66.6
609
9.8

6,247
74.7
5,620
67.2
627
10.0

6,236
74.3
5,596
66.7
640
10.3

6,249
74.2
5,582
66.3
666
10.7

6,280
60.6
5,663
54.6
617
9.8

6,316
60.9
5,654
54.5
662
10.5

6,369
61.2
5,706
54.9
663
10.4

6,349
61.0
5,697
54.7
651
10.3

6,315
60.5
5,739
55.0
576
9.1

6,227
59.6
5,677
54.3
550
8.8

6,340
60.6
5,740
54.9
600
9.5

6,405
61.2
5,732
54.7
674
10.5

6,394
61.0
5,759
54.9
635
9.9

6,359
60.5
5,762
54.9
597
9.4

6,356
60.4
5,748
54.6
607
9.6

6,320
60.0
5,691
54.0
629
10.0

6,383
60.5
5,721
54.2
663
10.4

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.


38


HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1989

1988
Dec.

Nov.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
EmDloved
FmDlovment-DODulation ratio2
Unemployed
UnemDlovment rate
Men
Women

904

910

881

928

880

889

897

994

956

900

912

935

962

41.5

41.7

40.5

42.7

40.5

40.9

41.3

45.7

44.0

41.4

41.5

42.9

44.3

623

641

577

627

602

615

606

631

694

616

572

615

646

28.6
281
31.1
32.1
29.9

29.4
269
29.6
29.8
29.3

26.5
304
34.5
36.7
32.0

28.8
301
32.4
33.1
31.6

27.7
278
31.6
28.6
34.8

28.3
274
30.8
35.5
26.2

27.9
291
32.4
36.9
28.4

29.0
363
36.5
33.5
40.2

31.9
262
27.4
22.1
33.1

28.3
284
31.6
30.0
33.4

26.0
340
37.3
34.1
40.3

28.2
320
34.2
32.4
36.1

29.8
316

32.8
33.1
32.6

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional DODulation1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
EmDloved
EmDlovment-DODulation ratio2
UnemDloved
UnemDlovment rate

13,495 13,533 13,564 13,606 13,649 13,690 13,731 13,772 13,813 13,853 13,894 13,936 13,977
9,148 9,133 9,205 9,219 9,210 9,262 9,428 9,272 9,433 9,364 9,326 9,311 9,414
66.8
67.4
67.1
67.6
68.3
67.3
68.7
67.7
67.5
67.8
67.9
67.5
67.8
8,419 8,441 8,434 8,596 8,607 8,495 8,686 8,524 8,587 8,521 8,550 8,580 8,676
61.6
61.5
62.1
61.5
62.2
61.9
63.3
62.1
63.1
63.2
62.2
62.4
62.4
738
731
776
843
846
748
742
767
603
624
771
692
729
7.6

8.0

6.8

8.4

1

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
2

6.5

8.3

7.9

8.1

9.0

9.0

8.3

7.9

7.8

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1989

1988
Category
Nov.

Dec,

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

CHARACTERISTIC
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

115,947 116,009 116,711 116,853 117,136 117,113 117,215 117,541 117,459 117,597 117,456 117,545 117,786
40,407 40,483 40,925 40,928 41,083 40,890 40,902 41,102 41,089 40,636 40,572 40,775 40,795
28,995 29,053 29,589 29,412 29,569 29,656 29,739 29,481 29,552 29,220 29,461 29,475 29,809
6,375 6,399 6,416 6,385 6,256 6,243 6,331
6,403 6,456 6,342 6,437 6,348 6,350

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF
WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,672
1,450
125

1,698
1,349
149

1,684
1,387
189

1,645
1,419
150

1,656
1,403
138

1,554
1,419
124

1,610
1,358
127

1,550
1,412
126

1,695
1,434
126

1,803
1,420
137

1,671
1,441
135

1,680
1,413
121

1,693
1,351
108

103,770
17,387
86,383
1,209
85,174
8,619
300

103,904
17,423
86,481
1,210
85,271
8,602
266

104,510
17,393
87,117
1,196
85,921
8,718
298

104,797
17,311
87,486
1,135
86,350
8,517
285

104,982
17,382
87,600
1,163
86,437
8,645
332

104,985
17,180
87,806
1,117
86,689
8,671
281

105,245
17,230
88,015
1,128
86,887
8,516
322

105,519
17,261
88,259
1,140
87,118
8,570
241

105,321
17,519
87,803
1,093
86,710
8,606
239

105,259
17,591
87,668
1,146
86,522
8,625
264

105,355
17,619
87,737
1,054
86,682
8,569
296

105,413
17,582
87,830
968
86,862
8,680
285

105,867
17,723
88,144
1,014
87,130
8,484
263

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,097 4,981 4,968 5,143 4,837 4,957 4,750 4,785 4,882 4,728 4,814
5,061
5,321
2,279 2,549 2,302 2,303 2,232 2,373 2,296 2,318 2,311 2,282 2,330 2,336 2,303
2,375 2,410 2,352 2,333 2,393 2,425 2,343 2,289 2,138 2,107 2,171 2,037 2,176
15,446 15,363 15,401 15,126 15,561 15,498 15,316 15,416 15,652 15,614 15,542 15,303 15,177

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

4,819 5,033 4,837 4,697 4,709 4,930 4,609 4,801 4,505 4,553 4,612 4,466 4,556
2,116, 2,377 2,144 2,105 2,048 2,243 2,102 2,190 2,185 2,129 2,174 2,178 2,130
2,288 2,307 2,283 2,272 2,317 2,369 2,301 2,236 2,057 2,024 2,090 1,975
2,109
14,986 14,928 14,970 14,688 15,127 15,060 14,976 14,977 15,219 15,094 15,109 14,865 14,738

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey




period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1988

1989

Sex and age
Nov.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Dec.

Jan.

Mar.

Feb.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

115,947 116,009 116,711 116,853 117,136 117,113 117,215 117,541 117,459 117,597 117,456 117,545 117,786
19,877
6,835
2,770
4,045
13,042
96,062
81,242
14,790

19,852
6,795
2,686
4,150
13,057
96,151
81,399
14,771

19,741
6,748
2,602
4,125
12,993
96,988
82,036
14,924

19,797
6,703
2,563
4,163
13,095
97,020
82,160
14,803

19,996
6,783
2,639
4,186
13,213
97,125
82,165
14,933

19,899
6,812
2,639
4,177
13,088
97,167
82,204
14,928

19,784
6,726
2,593
4,123
13,059
97,384
82,436
14,948

19,959
6,786
2,526
4,221
13,173
97,602
82,721
14,863

19,796
6,687
2,439
4,244
13,109
97,740
82,852
14,912

19,877
6,840
2,563
4,245
13,038
97,758
83,066
14,727

19,457
6,683
2,560
4,138
12,774
98,010
83,178
14,830

19,506
6,796
2,672
4,117
12,710
97,984
83,252
14,801

19,480
6,790
2,634
4,145
12,690
83^593
14,765

63,532 63,521 63,790 64,051 64,399 64,246 64,202 64,609 64,462 64,415 64,070 64,497 64,413
10,379 10,288 10,198 10,377 10,530 10,385 10,243 10,412 10,303 10,301 10,015 10,235 10,112
3,533 3,472 3,370 3,415 3,530 3,489 3,403 3,515 3,540 3,562 3,386 3,516 3,458
1,338
1,273
1,304
1,377
1,298
1,270
1,385
1,260
1,379
1,296
1,433
1,341
1,376
2,105 2,135 2,088 2,134 2,179 2,149 2,089 2,206 2,264 2,163 2,134 2,128 2,131
6,846 6,816 6,828 6,962 7,000 6,896 6,839 6,897 6,763 6,739 6,628 6,720 6,653
53,152 53,227 53,573 53,659 53,897 53,842 53,949 54,222 54,208 54,155 54,079 54,246 54,318
44,712 44,779 45,001 45,091 45,278 45,163 45,398 45,619 45,644 45,725 45,646 45,809 45,915
8,436 8,470 8,563 8,536 8,603 8,643 8,543 8,589 8,605 8,430 8,427 8,478 8,424
52,415 52,488 52,921 52,802 52,737 52,866 53,013 52,932 52,997 53,183 53,386 53,048 53,373
9,498 9,564 9,543 9,420 9,466 9,515 9,541 9,547 9,493 9,576 9,443 9,270 9,368
3,302 3,323 3,378 3,287 3,253 3,323 3,322 3,271 3,147 3,278 3,297 3,280 3,332
1,301
1,265
1,332
1,184
1,166
1,289
1,262
1,301
1,337
1,296
1,300
1,230
1,293
1,980 2,082 2,004 1,989 2,014
1,940 2,015 2,037 2,029 2,007 2,028 2,034 2,015
6,196 6,241 6,165 6,133 6,213 6,192 6,219 6,276 6,346 6,298 6,146 5,990 6,036
42,910 42,924 43,415 43,361 43,228 43,325 43,434 43,379 43,533 43,603 43,931 43,737 43,990
36,530 36,620 37,035 37,069 36,886 37,042 37,039 37,102 37,208 37,341 37,533 37,443 37,678
6,354 6,301 6,361 6,267 6,331 6,285 6,404 6,274 6,306 6,297 6,403 6,323 6,341

A-37. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1988

1989

Sex and age
Mar.

Apr.

May

July

Aug.

Oct.

Nov.

6,563

6,554

6,716

6,328

6,128

6,546

6,395

6,561

6,497

6,421

6,584

6,561

6,729

2,363
1,122
520
599
1,241
4,193
3,739
433

2,421
1,179
535
637
1,242
4,125
3,687
457

2,663
1,323
581
751
1,340
4,101
3,632
474

2,316
1,168
572
605
1,148
4,026
3,559
466

2,182
1,073
477
597
1,109
3,921
3,542
396

2,344
1,146
463
667
1,198
4,191
3,761
451

2,303
1,210
500
701
1,093
4,074
3,628
453

2,544
1,254
535
737
1,290
4,036
3,503
515

2,381
1,150
529
603
1,231
4,099
3,641
485

2,420
1,163
565
609
1,257
4,031
3,556
468

2,444
1,193
518
683
1,251
4,182
3,698
461

2,430
1,187
539
643
1,243
4,116
3,644
457

2,514
1,245
563
678
1,269
4,204
3,689
504

3,612

3,583

3,710

3,540

3,270

3,593

3,401

3,397

3,284

3,403

3,672

3,576

3,710

1,274
616
300
314
658
2,331
2,050
275

1,280
630
290
333
650
2,296
1,999
286

1,494
772
330
455
722
2,245
1,986
269

1,302
687
317
379
615
2,246
1,943
303

1,128
582
258
330
546
2,136
1,890
246

1,238
641
274
368
597
2,344
2,076
283

1,270
696
301
390
574
2,099
1,845
258

1,358
660
323
347
698
2,057
1,768
270

1,196
550
268
270
646
2,095
1,840
274

1,328
613
290
315
715
2,106
1,800
291

1,380
634
311
334
746
2,324
1,992
313

1,366
674
315
359
692
2,198
1,923
273

1,413
718
316
404
695
2,291
1,987
303

2,951

2,971

3,006

2,787

2,858

2,953

2,994

3,164

3,213

3,018

2,912

2,985

3,019

1,089
506
220
285
583
1,862
1,689
158

1,141
549
245
304
592
1,829
1,688
171

1,169
551
251
296
618
1,856
1,646
205

1,014
481
255
226
533
1,780
1,616
164

1,054
491
219
267
563
1,784
1,652
151

1,106
505
189
299
601
1,847
1,685
169

1,034
514
199
311
520
1,975
1,782
195

1,186
594
212
390
592
1,979
1,735
245

1,185
600
261
333
585
2,004
1,801
211

1,092
550
275
294
542
1,925
1,756
178

1,064
559
207
349
505
1,858
1,705
147

1,064
513
224
284
551
1,919
1,720
184

1,102
527
247
274
575
1,913
1,701
200

Nov.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over


AS\


Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

June

Sept.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1989

1988
Sex and age

Total, 16 years and over ...

5.4

5.1

5.0

5.3

5.2

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.3

5.3

5.4

9.8
13.7
15.3
12.5
7.7

10.5
14.4
14.9
13.8
8.4
4.1
4.4
2.9

11.3
15.6
17.5
14.9
8.9
4.0
4.1
3.3

17.8
12.4
8.6
4.0
4.2
3.1

10.9
14.5
18.1

3.9
4.1
2.6

10.4
15.2
16.2
14.5
7.7
4.0
4.2
2.9

10.7
14.7

4.1
4.3
3.0

11.9
16.4
18.3
15.4
9.3
4.1
4.2
3.1

10.5
14.8
18.2
12.7
8.1
4.0
4.2
3.1

3.1

11.2
15.1
16.8
14.2
8.9
4.1
4.3
3.0

11.1
14.9
16.8
13.5
8.9
4.0
4.2
3.0

11.4
15.5
17.6
14.1
9.1
4.1
4.2
3.3

5.4

5.3

5.5

5.2

4.8

5.3

5.0

5.0

4.8

5.0

5.4

5.3

5.4

10.9

11.1
15.4

12.8

11.1
16.7

9.7

11.4

12.1
15.8

11.8
16.1

12.3

14.7

17.3
13.5
8.7
4.1
4.3
3.3

11.0
17.0
18.8
15.7
7.7
3.7

10.4
13.4

17.3
13.0
8.8
4.2
4.4
3.2

10.7
15.5
17.0
14.6

11.5

14.8

17.4
12.7
9.6
3.7
3.8
3.3

19.8
13.5
10.1
4.1
4.2
3.6

18.6
14.4
9.3

2.9

13.6
9.2
3.7
3.7
3.0

17.4
10.7
8.7
3.7
3.9
3.1

5.3

10.3
13.3
14.1
12.8
8.6
4.2
4.4
2.4

5.4

5.3

10.6
14.1
15.8
12.9
8.7
4.2
4.4
2.8

10.9
14.8
16.6
13.3
8.7

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

18.6
20.6

19.6

17.9
9.6
4.0
4.2
3.0

15.1
8.1
4.0
4.1
3.4

5.4

5.4

10.7
14.2

10.9
14.0

15.8

15.9
12.7

13.1
8.7
4.1
4.4
2.6

14.2

15.8
13.2
7.2
3.8
4.0

May

June

15.8
20.0

July

Aug.

Sept.

Nov.

Mar.

Jan.

Apr.

Oct.

Feb.

Dec.

Nov.

12.5
8.8
4.0
4.1

17.2
19.1
15.9

9.5
4.0

2.8

8.0
4.2
4.4
3.2

5.0

5.1

5.3

5.3

5.6

5.7

5.4

5.2

5.3

5.4

9.7

10.0
13.1
14.8

10.4
13.2
12.7

9.8
13.4

11.1
16.0

10.2
14.4
18.8

12.8

10.1
14.5
13.7
14.8
7.6
4.1
4.3
2.2

10.3
13.5
14.7
12.5
8.4
4.2
4.4
2.8

10.5
13.7

11.7
8.3
4.0
4.3
2.3

11.0
15.4
14.7
16.2
8.6
4.4
4.5
3.8

9.1

12.8
16.8
10.0
8.0

4.1
4.3
3.1

3.9
4.2
2.5

3.9

13.4
13.3
7.7
4.4
4.6
3.0

8.9
4.1
4.4
2.6

18.3
14.4
8.4
4.4
4.6
3.2

12.4
7.9
4.2
4.5
2.7

3.9
4.0
3.1

4.1
3.5

16.0
12.0
8.7
4.2
4.3
3.1

A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1989

1988
Category
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

5.4
4.8
4.7

5.3
4.7
4.7
14.8

5.4
4.6
4.7
16.4

5.1
4.5
4.5
14.8

5.0
4.2
4.6
13.7

5.3
4.6
4.7
14.4

5.2
4.3
4.8
15.2

5.3
4.3
4.9

5.2
4.3
5.0
14.7

5.2
4.4
4.7
14.5

5.3
4.8
4.5
15.1

5.3
4.5
4.7
14.9

5.4
4.7
4.7
15.5

4.6
10.0
11.2
8.0

4.6
10.0
11.6
7.6

4.6
10.6
12.0

4.2
9.8
10.9

4.4
9.5
11.0
7.9

11.1
9.0

4.5
10.1
11.6
8.3

10.3
11.8

8.1

4.6
9.6
10.9
9.0

4.5
9.5

6.5

4.6
9.6
10.8
8.3

4.5
10.3
11.9

8.4

4.3
10.6
11.9
6.8

7.9

4.6
10.5
12.1
7.8

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

3.3
3.8
7.7

3.1
3.7
8.2

3.1
3.6
8.0

3.1
3.4
8.0

2.9
3.5
7.9

3.2
4.0
7.6

2.9
3.8
8.3

2.8
3.8
7.9

2.9
3.8
8.7

3.1
3.9
8.0

3.4
3.8
7.6

3.0
4.0
7.6

3.1
3.7
8.3

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

5.0
7.1
1.2
6.2

5.1
7.0
1.2
6.3

5.0
7.9
1.2
6.2

4.8
7.3
1.1
5.9

4.8
6.2
1.1
5.8

5.0
7.2
1.2
6.0

4.8
6.9
1.1
5.9

4.8
7.7
1.0
6.1

4.9
7.2
1.2
6.0

4.9
6.9
1.1
5.9

5.0
7.3
1.1
5.9

4.9
7.1
1.1
5.8

5.0
7.5
1.2
5.9

5.5
6.4
8.9
10.6
5.1
4.9
5.3
5.1
4.0
6.2
4.6
2.5
9.3

5.4
6.4
7.7
10.4
5.2
5.0
5.5
4.9
3.8
6.3
4.1
2.7
8.8

5.6
6.4
6.1
10.4
5.3
5.0
5.7
5.2
3.8
6.3
4.7
2.7
9.5

5.1
6.1
8.0
10.0
4.9
4.4
5.5
4.7
3.9
5.6
4.3
2.7
8.9

5.0
5.8
7.0
9.4
4.8
4.7
4.9
4.6
3.9
5.6
4.1
2.6
8.9

5.4
6.0
5.6
9.7
4.9
4.7
5.2
5.1
4.0
5.9
4.8
2.7
10.5

5.2
5.8
4.5
9.3
4.9
4.5
5.5
4.9
4.0
5.5
4.7
2.9
10.3

5.3
6.2
3.7
10.0
5.2
4.6
6.1
4.9
4.4
6.0
4.3
3.0

5.4
6.2
5.5
10.5
5.0
4.7
5.5
5.0
4.2
6.2
4.4
2.8
8.5

5.4
6.4
6.5
10.3
5.2
4.8
5.9
4.9
3.6
6.0
4.4
2.7
8.6

5.4
6.3
8.5
10.4
5.1
4.7
5.5
5.0
4.7
5.8
4.5
2.8
7.7

5.3
6.2
5.1
9.0
5.4
5.2
5.6
4.9
3.9
5.8
4.4
2.7
10.0

5.5
6.3
6.6
9.8
5.3
5.5
5.1
5.1
3.4
6.5
4.3
2.8
12.1

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin

15.6

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
2

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time




11.0

for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1989

1988
Weeks of unemployment
Nov.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

3,117
1,935
1,502
787
715

3,029
2,039
1,495
758
737

3,181
2,081
1,512
757
755

3,247
1,865
1,304
665
639

3,055
1,821
1,310
648
663

3,090
2,034
1,426
689
737

3,041
2,017
1,313
702
611

3,309
1,999
1,258
659
599

3,149
1,927
1,472
846
626

3,071
2,011
1,305
737
567

3,156
2,036
1,370
789
581

3,138
1,972
1,374
728
646

3,280
1,991
1,445
769
676

12.6
5.6

12.8
5.8

12.7
5.7

12.1
5.3

12.4
5.4

12.7
5.4

11.8
5.3

11.1
5.5

12.0
5.6

11.3
5.0

11.4
5.0

11.8
4.9

11.7
4.8

100.0
47.6
29.5
22.9
12.0
10.9

100.0
46.2
31.1
22.8
11.5
11.2

100.0
47.0
30.7
22.3
11.2
11.1

100.0
50.6
29.1
20.3
10.4
10.0

100.0
49.4
29.4
21.2
10.5
10.7

100.0
47.2
31.1
21.8
10.5
11.3

100.0
47.7
31.7
20.6
11.0
9.6

100.0
50.4
30.4
19.2
10.0
9.1

100.0
48.1
29.4
22.5
12.9
9.6

100.0
48.1
31.5
20.4
11.5
8.9

100.0
48.1
31.0
20.9
12.0
8.8

100.0
48.4
30.4
21.2
11.2
10.0

100.0
48.8
29.6
21.5
11.5
10.1

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1989

1988
Reasons for unemployment
Nov.

Dec,

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

3,031
814
2,217
963
1,766
799

3,066
819
2,247
998
1,725
799

3,121
827
2,294
985
1,835
780

2,876
774
2,102
985
1,740
765

2,831
808
2,023
885
1,730
713

2,984
847
2,137
978
1,894
671

2,724
790
1,934
1,114
1,852
683

2,765
806
1,958
1,023
2,051
742

2,920
822
2,097
1,010
1,934
724

2,984
873
2,111
1,040
1,768
628

2,915
828
2,087
1,039
1,946
629

2,917
753
2,163
979
1,891
685

3,136
982
2,154
1,049
1,820
702

100.0
46.2
12.4
33.8
14.7
26.9
12.2

100.0
46.5
12.4
34.1
15.1
26.2
12.1

100.0
46.4
12.3
34.1
14.7
27.3
11.6

100.0
45.2
12.2
33.0
15.5
27.3
12.0

100.0
46.0
13.1
32.8
14.4
28.1
11.6

100.0
45.7
13.0
32.7
15.0
29.0
10.3

100.0
42.7
12.4
30.3
17.5
29.1
10.7

100.0
42.0
12.3
29.8
15.5
31.2
11.3

100.0
44.3
12.5
31.8
15.3
29.4
11.0

100.0
46.5
13.6
32.9
16.2
27.5
9.8

100.0
44.6
12.7
32.0
15.9
29.8
9.6

100.0
45.1
11.6
33.4
15.1
29.2
10.6

100.0
46.8
14.6
32.1
15.6
27.1
10.5

2.5
.8
1.4
.7

2.5
.8
1.4
.7

2.5
.8
1.5
.6

2.3
.8
1.4
.6

2.3
.7
1.4
.6

2.4
.8
1.5
.5

2.2
.9
1.5
.6

2.2
.8
1.7
.6

2.4
.8
1.6
.6

2.4
.8
1.4
.5

2.4
.8
1.6
.5

2.4
.8
1.5
.6

2.5
.8
1.5
.6

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1937 to date
(In thousands)
Service-producing

Goods-producing
Year
and
month

Total

Total
private

Total

Mining

Construction

Transportation
and
public
utilities

Wholesale
trade

Finance,
insurance,
and
Services
real
estate

Manufacturing

Total

10,794

3,134
2,863
2,936

(1)
(1)
1,762

(1)
(1)
4,664

1,417
1,410
1,447

3,503
3,458
3,502

Retail
trade

Government

Federal

State

(1)

O

905

(1)
(1)
(1)

Local

Annual averages
1937
1938
1939

31,011
29,194
30,603

27,255
25,311
26,608

12,936
11,401
12,297

1,015
891
854

1,127
1,070
1,165

10,278

18,075
17,793
18,306

1940
1941

32,361
36,539
40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

28,159
31,877
34,624
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

13,221
15,963
18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

925
957
992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930

1,311
1,814
2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194

10,985
13,192
15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

19,140
20,574
21,636
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189

3,038
3,274
3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

1,835
1,960
1,906
1,822
1,845
1,949
2,291
2,471
2,605
2,602

4,914
5,251
5,212
5,160
5,214
5,365
6,084
6,485
6,667
6,662

1,485
1,525
1,509
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828

3,665
3,905
4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,240

996
1,340
2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908

0
0
(11)
()
(1)
0)
(11)
(1)
(1)
()

()
0)1
()
0

45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186

18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411

901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675

26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

2,635
2,727
2,812
2,854
2,867
2,926
3,018
3,028
2,980
3,082

6,751
7,015
7,192
7,393
7,368
7,610
7,840
7,858
7,770
8,045

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,357
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

0)
(11)
(1)
()
(1)

()

1,168
1,250
1,328
1,415
1,484

3,558
3,819
4,071
4,232
4,366

54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384

45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189

20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3.317
3,248
3,350
3,575

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

3,143
3,133
3,198
3,248
3,337
3,466
3,597
3,689
3,779
3,907

8,248
8,204
8,368
8,530
8,823
9,250
9,648
9,917
10,320
10,798

2,629
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378
7,620
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758

1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533

4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

47,302
48,278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

3,993
4,001
4,113
4,277
4,433
4,415
4,546
4,708
4,969
5,204

11,047
11,351
11,836
12,329
12,554
12,645
13,209
13,808
14,573
14,989

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975

11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,303
16,252
17,112

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773

2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541

7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988

90,406
91,156
89,566
90,200
94,496
97,519
99,525
102,200
105,584

74,166
75,126
73,729
74,330
78,472
81,125
82,832
85,190
88,212

25,658
25,497
23,813
23,334
24,727
24,859
24,558
24,708
25,249

1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
927
111
717
721

4,346
4,188
3,905
3,948
4,383
4,673
4,816
4,967
5,125

20,285
20,170
18,781
18,434
19,378
19,260
18,965
19,024
19,403

64,748
65,659
65,753
66,866
69,769
72,660
74,967
77,492
80,335

5,146
5,165
5,082
4,954
5,159
5,238
5,255
5,372
5,548

5,275
5,358
5,278
5,268
5,555
5,717
5,753
5,844
6,029

15,035
15,189
15,179
15,613
16,545
17,356
17,930
18,483
19,110

5,160
5,298
5,341
5,468
5,689
5,955
6,283
6,547
6,676

17,890
18,619
19,036
19,694
20,797
22,000
23,053
24,236
25,600

2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899
2,943
2,971

3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,832
3,893
3,967
4,063

9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,687
9,901
10,100
10,339

1942
1943

1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951

1952
1953
1954
1955
1956

1957
1958
19592

1960
1961
1962
1963

1964
1965

1966
1967
1968

1969
1970
1971

1972
1973

1974

9,440

01

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
1988:
November
December
1989:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
OctoberP
November

106,824
107,097

89,299
89,574

25,460
25,513

712
711

5,191
5,213

19,557
19,589

81,364
81,584

5,616
5,634

6,104
6,125

19,282
19,328

6,726
6,744

26,111
26,230

2,983
2,981

4,085
4,085

10,457
10,457

107,442
107,711
107,888
108,101
108,310
108,607
108,767
108,887
109,096
109,189
109,399

89,897
90,124
90,291
90,475
90,623
90,884
91,016
91,083
91,230
91,336
91,535

25,626
25,629
25,646
25,671
25,672
25,648
25,669
25,694
25,614
25,607
25,604

711
711
714
720
722
715
706
729
730
731
738

5,267
5,270
5,252
5,279
5,283
5,283
5,314
5,321
5,325
5,333
5,350

19,648
19,648
19,680
19,672
19,667
19,650
19,649
19,644
19,559
19,543
19,516

81,816
82,082
82,242
82,430
82,638
82,959
83,098
83,193
83,482
83,582
83,795

5,654
5,667
5,666
5,682
5,700
5,716
5,736
5,618
5,709
5,733
5,744

6,146
6,171
6,197
6,206
6,222
6,230
6,237
6,256
6,264
6,275
6,293

19,407
19,460
19,488
19,489
19,528
19,551
19,586
19,621
19,632
19,677
19,710

6,746
6,763
6,774
6,776
6,790
6,808
6,815
6,836
6,852
6,849
6,864

26,318
26,434
26,520
26,651
26,711
26,931
26,973
27,058
27,159
27,195
27,320

2,978
2,982
2,982
2,982
2,999
2,995
3,000
2,999
2,996
2,985
2,990

4,084
4,095
4,102
4,111
4,119
4,136
4,145
4,154
4,182
4,161
4,183

10,483
10,510
10,513
10,533
10,569
10,592
10,606
10,651
10,688
10,707
10,691

1

Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 1959
benchmark month.
p
= preliminary.

2



NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1988) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1985) are subject to revision.

43

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Total

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989 P

Oct.
1989P

519

534

536

64.7
9.7
14.3

42.2
6.9
10.4

42.7
6.8
10.5

51.1
8.0
11.4

51.3
8.0
. 11.5

122.4
120.6

122.2
120.3

117.9
116.0

117.8
115.8

268.3
98.9
169.4

265.5
98.9
166.6

272.5
95.0
177.5

275.7
94.1
181.6

89.9
33.5

88.5
33.0

92.1
34.1

91.3
33.9

4,277

4,187

4,421

4,400

720

739

740

54.1
8.4
13.5

54.7
8.3
13.6

64.2
9.6
14.2

10
101
102

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

11,12
12

149.4
147.3

148.8
146.6

143.7
141.4

143.4
141.1

13
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids ... 131,2
138
Oil and gas field services

404.2
198.4
205.8

400.8
198.3
202.5

410.8
195.6
215.2

413.4
194.6
218.8

117.2
42.4
37.1
17.5

115.4
41.9
36.2
17.5

120.1
43.0
38.7
17.6

118.9
42.8
38.0
17.7

5,415

5,325

5,607

5,589

14
142
144
147

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

15
152
153
154

Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

16
161
162

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

842.9
288.2
554.7

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

420.5

5,489

810.9
269.5
541.4

882.0
288.5
593.5

887.7
286.1
601.6

714.2
243.2
471.0

3,151.7 3,104.6 3,275.4 3,259.1
681.9
675.6 682.9
685.9
183.6
194.9
178.6
192.5
565.3
573.4
562.9
575.9
524.4
551.4
518.3
542.9
198.3
210.3
195.4
207.8
226.1
238.2
223.0
238.2

11,558

Durable goods

745

1,420.6 1,409.8 1,449.3 1,442.0 1,421.4 1,051.2 1,039.3 1,066.3 1,057.1
759.1
751.9
783.1 773.1
541.6
564.6 552.4
549.8
All
47.4
46.4
20.6
20.6
45.8
21.4
21.2
613.8
619.8 623.1
481.1
484.1
610.5
480.0 476.5

19,615

Manufacturing


AA


Sept.
1989

523

725

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

See footnotes at end of table.

Nov.
1988

89,571 89,827 91,916 91,912 92,069 72,596 72,810 74,475 74,476

Mining

Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

Oct.
1988

107,279 107,736 109,486 109,993 110,335

Total private

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals

Nov.
1989P

781.2
97.7
209.1
170.5
35.0
270.1
106.6
72.2
24.6
37.7
43.9
72.5
48.7
87.9

19,654 19,721

19,651

11,601 11,544 11,498
777.1
96.4
208.6
170.0
35.0
270.5
106.7
72.7
24.5
37.6
42.6
71.8
48.0
87.2

779.8
100.9
209.5
170.6
35.5
269.5
106.2
71.1
24.4
36.8
42.9
71.6
50.1
85.4

774.0
100.1
208.7
169.7
35.6
267.5
104.9
71.1
24.3
36.5
42.0
70.4
49.4
85.3

682.9
224.8
458.1

746.1
243.0
503.1

751.1
240.6
510.5

2,511.3 2,465.2 2,608.6 2,591.9
506.8 508.6
510.3
503.4
165.4
155.4
162.5
150.7
446.6 448.4
443.3
440.0
475.8 468.5
452.9
447.2
167.5
153.6
163.2
150.5
192.9
182.1
192.8
179.4
19,607

13,433 13,460

13,474

13,415
7,658
642.3
83.2
182.2
148.1
31.2
218.0
83.8
56.7
21.0
32.7
35.5
53.8
40.2
69.6

11,482

7,739

7,773

7,693

766.3

650.4
81.5
183.5
149.6
30.8
221.1
85.7
57.5
21.3
34.0
37.2
55.2
39.9
71.9

646.5
80.3
182.9
149.0
30.8
221.3
85.7
58.0
21.3
33.8
36.3
54.5
39.2
71.2

647.7
83.7
183.2
149.0
31.3
220.3
85.1
56.6
21.2
33.2
36.2
54.8
41.0
69.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
L>oue

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

All employees
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Production workers

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

535.8
311.4
138.7
101.4
26.6
30.6
70.6
34.2
80.8
38.8

538.5
314.0
140.0
101.7
28.1
30.2
70.8
34.5
80.3
38.9

530.0
304.7
136.2
101.5
22.1
30.6
69.0
34.3
83.1
38.9

529.6
304.7
134.7
101.9
23.2
30.2
68.6
34.0
83.6
38.7

529.9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

429.3
263.8
121.4
85.3
21.5
23.7
53.2
26.9
59.1
26.3

431.9
266.4
122.6
85.6
22.9
23.3
53.4
27.2
58.6
26.3

422.1
256.5
118.6
84.8
17.3
23.6
51.3
27.1
60.7
26.5

422.0
256.7
117.3
85.3
18.3
23.2
50.8
26.8
61.3
26.4

421.9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

611.0
16.0
86.1
44.1
42.0
55.3
19.6
39.1
37.9
221.7
21.1
75.0
105.6
120.7
22.2
8.8
27.0

609.4
16.3
85.1
43.6
41.5
56.0
19.6
39.1
38.0
219.0
20.9
74.5
103.6
121.7
22.5
8.9
27.2

609.1
16.3
84.2
42.3
41.9
55.8
19.4
37.7
38.5
221.8
19.6
76.7
105.9
119.9
22.5
8.6
26.7

607.6
16.2
84.0
42.3
41.7
55.5
19.3
37.6
38.8
221.0
19.3
76.9
105.1
119.7
22.6
8.6
26.7

605.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

476.7
12.7
74.5
40.1
34.4
42.0
14.9
30.8
30.3
170.9
13.8
57.0
84.6
89.2
15.5
6.6
-

474.6
13.0
73.5
39.5
34.0
42.8
14.9
30.7
30.4
168.1
13.5
56.5
82.6
89.8
15.7
6.7
-

474.4
13.1
73.0
38.6
34.4
42.8
14.8
29.1
30.8
171.1
12.7
58.5
84.7
87.8
16.0
6.4
-

473.1
12.9
72.9
38.5
34.4
42.7
14.7
29.1
31.0
170.2
12.6
58.7
83.8
87.7
15.9
6.4
-

470.8
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

781.4
275.4
206.9
24.8
142.7
87.7
9.5
30.3
45.0
26.8
182.0
23.5
28.3
78.2
90.7
55.3

785.2
276.5
207.9
24.8
144.1
88.2
9.6
30.9
45.0
26.7
182.6
23.6
28.3
78.4
90.6
55.1

780.6
273.3
205.6
24.6
143.6
87.5
8.9
31.1
45.0
26.2
182.1
23.4
27.9
77.9
90.0
52.9

774.9
269.3
203.6
24.3
142.1
86.0
8.8
31.1
44.7
25.9
182.5
23.2
28.4
78.0
89.6
52.2

775.4
269.7
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

599.8
212.9
161.2
18.8
115.3
72.2
7.2
23.9
33.5
20.5
131.2
18.1
19.4
57.3
73.0
45.2

602.5
213.9
162.3
18.8
116.4
72.6
7.3
24.4
33.6
20.4
131.1
18.0
19.2
57.4
73.1
45.1

596.4
210.8
160.1
18.5
115.2
72.0
6.9
24.3
33.6
20.1
131.1
17.9
18.8
57.1
71.3
42.6

590.3
206.9
158.3
18.2
113.5
70.4
6.7
24.3
33.2
19.8
131.2
17.7
19.3
57.0
71.0
42.0

590.7
206.6
_
_
_
_
_

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446

_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_

-

_
_
_
_
-

1,451.2 1,455.7 1,446.3 1,440.6 1,439.9 1,085.0 1,088.2 1,071.9 1,067.9 1,066.8
_
_
51.9
52.4
53.3
52.3
44.7
45.2
46.0
45.3
_
41.3
41.8
42.2
41.3
35.9
36.5
36.8
36.2
_
_
139.0
139.2
133.1
133.5
103.1
103.1
98.1
98.7
_
47.0
47.0
45.3
45.9
34.2
34.3
33.1
33.8
_
_
80.7
80.9
76.0
76.2
61.1
61.0
56.9
56.8
_
_
61.4
62.0
61.1
61.3
45.1
45.6
44.2
44.3
_
_
24.9
25.5
25.4
25.3
18.3
18.7
18.6
18.8
_
_
23.0
23.2
23.4
23.1
16.3
16.5
15.9
16.1
_
_
436.9
436.7 439.9
438.0
314.7 313.7
312.7
314.5
_
_
78.4
78.1
79.3
79.5
56.8
57.1
56.8
57.2
_
_
83.2
82.5
84.4
83.5
61.1
61.0
60.0
61.7
_
_
108.4
106.1
107.0
108.5
72.0
72.8
72.9
73.1
_
_
101.4
100.9
100.8
100.1
76.3
75.4
75.6
74.9
33.7
34.1
33.3
33.0
25.2
25.5
24.2
23.8
-

See footnotes at end of table.




45

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Allemployees
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Production workers1

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves ...
Machinery, except electrical, nee

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599

2,105.3 2,116.9 2,144.8 2,134.7 2,146.0 1,267.4 1,278.2 1,297.5 1,290.5 1,302.9
95.6
96.5
97.0
97.1
_
63.0
_
63.7
62.8
63.0
_
_
25.9
28.9
29.0
15.1
25.7
15.3
16.8
16.9
_
_
70.6
68.1
69.9
68.1
47.9
48.4
46.0
46.1
_
_
75.7
104.0 104.8 108.0 109.1
74.5
111
79.2
76.4
80.3
80.0
_
53.1
53.4
_
76.5
56.5
56.5
_
_
230.8 237.2 237.5
140.8 141.3 145.1
230.1
145.3
_
_
83.0
86.3
86.0
51.7
82.8
51.6
53.2
53.1
16.7
_
_
16.5
16.7
10.1
10.1
16.5
10.2
10.2
42.5
41.4
41.6
25.2
25.4
24.3
24.4
_
42.3
_
_
35.0
36.5
35.2
36.6
18.9
18.7
19.7
19.7
_
_
27.4
28.6
18.7
27.1
28.7
18.9
19.6
19.7
_
_
321.3 324.9 336.7 336.5
231.4 234.7 242.4 242.3
54.1
54.2
_
32.4
33.1
35.1
_
50.5
35.2
51.1
_
_
19.0
19.6
19.8
12.1
12.4
12.6
12.6
18.8
_
_
151.8 153.7 158.0 158.5
116.6 118.4 121.9
122.6
59.7
_
42.7
_
59.3
62.1
61.6
42.4
44.1
43.5
_
_
22.9
23.4
16.4
22.6
22.9
16.6
16.3
15.9
_
_
104.6 105.6 106.3
174.6 176.0 178.3 177.2
105.5
_
_
35.6
35.6
21.3
21.4
21.5
35.4
35.6
21.6
_
13.9
13.9
13.8
21.0
21.0
13.8
20.9
20.9
_
17.8
_
29.5
29.0
28.0
17.5
16.7
16.0
29.3
162.9 164.6 166.3 161.5
251.9 253.0 257.0 251.2
_
25.7
_
45.0
26.1
26.9
27.0
46.1
45.7
44.9
43.0
44.1
_
33.0
33.7
34.4
28.8
42.5
38.6
_
_
22.4
13.1
12.7
22.5
22.4
13.2
12.5
22.3
20.2
20.3
21.4
31.0
31.7
21.4
31.8
31.1
17.2
17.6
17.8
_
11.9
12.0
12.3
12.4
17.3
_
12.7
18.6
18.7
12.6
12.8
12.6
18.5
18.5
477.4
472.7
_
153.7
155.0
157.0
156.9
475.8
474.6
_
_
128.5 128.9 131.1
131.0
420.7 421.9 419.3 417.2
_
133.7 134.4 134.5 132.0
185.4 186.4 186.3 184.2
_
_
95.8
97.7
95.3
96.8
129.2 130.3 131.0 128.8
_
202.8 203.2 205.4 204.8
269.7 269.2
266.6 267.1
_
_
24.6
24.1
22.4
30.6
29.0
28.6
22.8
30.9
178.2 179.1
182.6 182.4
235.7 236.5 240.7 240.6
-

Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ..
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634

2,081.7 2,085 R 2,029.2 2,025.8 2,020.4 1,237.6 1,243.2 1,194.7 1,193.8 1,192.1
76.9
77.6
75.2
74.6
105.3
107.8 108.7 106.1
54.1
52.0
51.5
_
38.6
39.2
37.2
36.8
53.4
_
_
38.3
38.4
38.0
37.8
54.4
54.6
54.1
53.8
_
_
129.3 129.8 128.9 129.3
184.9 185.6 184.6 185.6
_
70.7
_
90.0
71.2
71.2
70.5
90.9
89.6
90.7
_
35.8
36.0
_
60.1
60.8
61.4
35.1
35.3
59.8
_
115.8 116.0 111.0 109.4
142.5 142.4 138.6 136.6
_
_
23.7
22.4
28.6
27.4
26.7
23.6
21.8
28.7
_
_
23.1
23.0
22.5
18.7
19.0
18.5
18.1
22.9
30.4
38.8
38.7
31.4
31.3
30.6
39.2
39.3
-

See footnotes at end of table.


46


101.4
50.3
51.1
233.7
32.1
105.0
84.0
125.1
81.6
43.5
75.8
42.0
226.0
76.7
55.0

101.8
50.7
51.1
236.0
32.6
106.5
84.4
126.2
82.1
44.1
74.8
41.2
226.6
77.4
55.1

100.2
49.3
50.9
231.5
33.1
101.9
83.9
130.3
84.1
46.2
70.5
39.0
226.4
78.2
55.7

100.2
49.2
51.0
230.0
32.6
101.5
83.5
129.8
83.8
46.0
69.5
38.5
226.0
77.7
56.0

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

77.6
41.2
36.4
186.7
24.5
88.7
64.2
100.4
65.9
34.5
47.6
23.5
165.1
51.9
42.2

77.9
41.4
36.5
188.8
25.0
90.2
64.3
101.6
66.4
35.2
47.0
23.1
165.3
52.1
42.4

76.2
40.0
36.2
183.6
25.6
85.0
63.5
103.3
67.3
36.0
42.7
20.6
163.3
52.1
42.0

76.5
40.2
36.3
182.7
25.3
84.8
63.3
103.0
67.2
35.8
42.1
20.3
162.6
51.7
42.2

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Electrical and electronic equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1972
SIC
Code

364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

200.4
26.6
78.6
16.5
28.8
89.2
65.5
559.5
110.3
449.2
637.9
38.7
265.3
256.7
159.5
30.4
70.3

201.7
26.6
78.9
16.7
29.1
89.9
66.5
557.8
109.2
448.6
639.0
38.9
265.8
257.4
160.7
30.5
70.9

Sept.
1989

197.6
26.1
76.2
16.6
28.5
96.5
71.9
533.1
101.0
432.1
614.6
38.5
257.5
247.9
158.1
29.6
69.1

Oct.
1989P

197.0
26.1
75.9
16.7
28.5
98.2
73.0
529.9
100.2
429.7
614.5
38.4
256.7
249.1
158.7
29.8
69.1

Nov.
1989P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Oct.
1988

145.0
22.5
51.2
12.2
22.0
62.9
44.7
233.8
66.0
167.8
360.3
25.0
105.3
172.6
113.6
23.2
54.2

Nov.
1988

146.1
22.6
51.4
12.4
22.2
64.1
45.5
232.2
65.3
166.9
362.3
25.2
106.3
173.3
115.1
23.3
54.8

Sept.
1989

143.1
22.2
49.5
12.4
21.4
68.8
49.4
214.0
59.5
154.5
343.4
24.1
98.1
169.5
110.3
22.7
52.7

Oct.
1989P

142.5
22.2
49.3
12.5
21.3
70.3
50.4
213.5
58.7
154.8
343.9
24.1
97.8
170.6
110.3
23.0
52.6

Nov.
1989P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

2,059.8 2,075.8 2,046.0 2,031.9 2,024.4 1,286.7 1,298.5 1,267.5 1,256.0 1,253.5
870.4 878.0 850.1 835.6 827.2 681.3 688.0 654.3 641.3 639.3
_
_
363.4 369.0 356.2 346.6
276.1 280.0 263.7 254.6
_
_
43.3
43.4
33.8
42.6
33.4
43.3
34.3
33.6
410.7 413.3 402.9 399.6
329.3 332.2 320.2 317.5
_
_
31.4
31.2
28.9
28.1
25.1
24.9
22.8
22.2
_
_
695.9 706.4 705.5
335.7
693.1
339.4 342.4 340.9
_
_
367.8 370.3
384.2 383.0
161.2
169.1
163.4
166.3
_
153.1
153.0
151.1
151.1
76.5
75.4
77.2
75.5
_
_
172.3
172.5
171.1
171.4
98.0
99.1
98.8
97.9
_
_
188.6
192.3
184.2
185.4
139.5
139.7
138.4
136.6
_
_
117.9
122.6
122.9
120.8
80.9
82.4
87.4
84.8
_
_
70.7
69.7
63.4
62.5
58.6
57.3
51.8
51.0
_
34.8
36.0
40.1
40.3
25.9
27.0
30.0
30.2
_
_
212.7 212.7 205.9 205.5
63.7
64.4
63.1
64.0
_
_
155.2
155.5
152.1
151.9
43.9
43.6
44.0
43.5
_
_
49.1
49.6
46.6
46.6
32.9
33.4
31.4
31.1
20.7
20.9
19.0
19.3
16.1
16.4
14.8
15.3
-

Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

757.6
96.5
264.0
48.9
60.6
107.7
30.0
203.6
100.4
88.6
39.1
112.6
11.8

762.7
97.0
265.0
49.0
61.1
108.0
30.0
205.8
101.3
89.8
39.0
113.9
12.0

779.3
99.5
271.3
49.5
63.5
110.0
30.3
212.4
106.2
91.3
40.5
113.9
11.4

778.9
99.5
270.2
49.4
63.6
109.0
30.6
212.1
105.9
91.2
40.6
114.4
11.5

778.7
_
_

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles...
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
,
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

393.0
55.4
39.6
13.2
105.5
47.5
58.0
33.5
42.1
21.9
143.3
62.8

394.1
55.6
39.8
13.1
104.7
46.6
58.1
33.5
43.1
22.9
144.1
63.5

398.4
55.5
40.3
13.1
107.2
48.0
59.2
34.0
45.7
25.4
142.9
61.9

399.8
56.6
41.4
12.9
107.4
48.5
58.9
33.9
45.5
25.7
143.5
62.4

421.5
44.0
152.5
32.5
32.8
55.4
15.4
124.3
58.9
57.1
26.6
49.6
9.1

430.5
46.3
154.6
33.1
34.0
55.4
16.3
127.0
61.3
57.3
28.2
49.7
8.4

430.2
46.7
154.1
33.1
34.3
54.7
16.3
127.0
61.3
57.3
28.4
49.3
8.4

431.4
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

418.6
43.6
151.7
32.2
32.5
55.1
15.5
123.1
58.3
56.6
26.9
48.9
8.9

395.8
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

287.1
39.6
28.2
11.0
78.5
34.4
44.1
23.6
32.4
16.7
102.0
43.3

287.4
39.6
28.2
10.9
111
33.6
44.1
23.4
33.4
17.5
102.4
43.9

289.9
39.4
28.4
10.8
78.2
34.3
43.9
23.5
36.6
20.4
101.4
42.8

291.7
40.5
29.4
10.6
78.7
34.8
43.9
23.7
35.9
20.4
102.3
43.3

288.7
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




47

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339

See footnotes at end of table.


48


Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

8,057 8,053 8,177
8,125
5,694 5,687 5,781
8,153
5,757 5,727
1,685.7 1,665.5 1,758.0 1,725.0 1,693.1 1,210.4 1,191.9 1,279.3 1,249.7 1,218.3
_
408.6 412.8 427.5
363.7
429.5
346.6
350.5
365.3
_
_
145.9
143.5
147.2
142.5
122.5
119.5
120.2
123.4
_
83.9
82.9
82.2
84.0
60.7
62.1
61.2
62.1
_
_
173.9
163.5
161.3
174.7
157.8
146.3
148.6
158.7
_
_
157.0
157.6
156.8
96.6
156.1
95.0
95.1
95.5
_
_
42.7
42.4
32.4
33.1
42.7
42.7
32.7
33.1
_
_
74.6
75.8
75.8
37.7
37.4
74.2
37.8
37.2
_
288.4
274.7
281.7
329.7
252.8
228.5
207.1
243.0
_
_
24.1
24.0
20.4
26.8
26.2
17.6
19.9
17.3
_
_
96.7
140.2
83.8
69.4
124.2
89.7
104.2
81.8
_
55.7
51.9
57.4
51.1
61.8
59.9
45.8
53.9
_
_
126.5
126.9
130.5
89.2
88.4
91.2
92.1
131.3
_
_
22.2
16.1
23.9
24.1
22.0
15.5
15.4
16.3
_
43.4
42.9
43.1
27.4
43.2
27.4
27.0
27.7
_
_
205.6
205.4
204.7
205.5
125.6
126.4
126.7
126.5
_
158.4
157.5
90.2
90.7
90.7
158.8
158.8
89.1
_
46.7
47.2
46.6
47.2
36.5
36.2
36.0
35.8
_
112.1
117.4
111.7
106.2
90.1
91.0
84.2
95.1
_
_
24.7
25.6
21.0
15.6
21.5
19.9
25.9
20.1
_
_
65.6
64.2
54.2
63.9
69.1
56.1
53.6
58.5
_
_
32.4
31.1
32.8
24.2
24.0
22.8
23.2
31.9
_
201.6 200.8
85.7
201.1
197.9
86.5
85.9
83.6
_
41.1
41.5
24.8
25.0
24.6
40.3
41.6
25.3
_
113.1
113.5
36.4
113.6
111.8
37.5
36.9
37.3
165.7
167.1
167.7
124.7
123.5
126.7
125.4
168.8
58.7
40.8

57.8
41.1

53.7
36.7

54.1
36.5

53.1
-

44.1
30.1

43.5
30.5

40.8
27.3

41.0
26.9

39.8
-

728.9
98.2
90.5
19.0
24.5
210.3
32.7
36.3
70.7
26.1
25.6
60.5
25.4
21.6
61.2
108.3
81.3
15.0
56.4

728.2
97.6
91.1
19.2
24.6
209.8
32.5
35.9
70.8
25.9
25.9
60.7
25.5
21.5
61.6
107.4
80.7
14.8
56.2

727.3
95.5
91.0
19.3
24.8
212.8
32.4
38.3
71.2
24.8
27.7
61.9
26.1
21.7
62.9
103.6
78.2
14.0
55.5

728.2
95.9
90.7
19.0
25.0
212.2
32.4
38.4
71.1
24.7
27.4
62.6
26.7
21.9
63.3
103.7
78.2
14.1
55.8

725.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

631.4
88.8
80.1
15.4
21.0
185.6
29.6
32.7
63.1
22.1
22.4
50.0
21.0
17.4
49.6
96.8
73.4
13.2
44.1

630.7
88.2
80.8
15.6
21.2
185.1
29.3
32.5
63.2
21.8
22.6
50.1
21.0
17.4
50.0
95.7
72.8
13.0
44.0

627.4
86.0
80.4
15.5
21.1
186.6
28.9
34.7
63.0
20.9
24.1
50.6
21.2
17.3
51.2
93.0
70.5
12.4
43.0

628.0
86.4
80.1
15.3
21.1
186.3
28.8
35.0
62.9
20.8
23.9
50.9
21.5
17.5
51.4
93.0
70.5
12.6
43.5

624.1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

921.5
50.6
257.6
64.4
44.0
76.7
284.7
36.3
64.3
31.6
152.5

924.4
50.5
258.1
64.3
44.1
77.0
285.9
36.0
64.2
32.1
153.6

922.7
46.4
260.0
65.4
41.9
80.7
278.1
34.5
60.6
33.2
149.8

923.4
46.0
260.2
65.4
41.6
81.0
276.9
33.9
60.2
32.9
149.9

921.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
-

1,092.8 1,095.2 1,093.5 1,093.3 1,091.1
_
54.4
58.4
58.5
54.2
_
300.9
300.7
298.2 298.8
_
75.4
75.9
75.6
75.5
48.4
48.7
50.6
50.6
_
92.2
88.3
88.2
92.3
_
332.6
341.3
340.9
330.9
_
41.6
43.7
41.0
44.0
_
73.0
77.6
73.5
77.1
_
40.0
38.7
38.4
39.3
177.5
177.6
181.8
180.9
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

71.2
57.3
13.9
57.1
22.3
43.7
205.4
25.7
56.1
43.4

71.4
57.5
13.9
57.4
22.4
43.6
206.0
25.2
56.3
43.8

69.0
55.4
13.6
57.3
22.0
45.3
214.9
26.7
58.2
45.4

68.7
55.0
13.7
58.3
22.2
45.9
215.5
27.1
59.6
44.2

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

696.0
193.3
172.7
52.2
241.8
60.4
27.1
53.5
208.7
46.1
113.1
22.4

696.5
193.8
173.2
52.3
241.0
60.8
27.2
53.6
209.4
46.4
113.2
22.3

698.6
194.5
174.3
52.8
239.9
60.1
26.1
53.6
211.4
47.1
113.9
22.0

699.1
193.8
173.6
52.3
240.5
60.8
26.2
53.9
212.5
47.4
114.5
21.7

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

21
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee ...
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2861,9
287
289

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

59.1
49.3
9.8
47.8
19.3
36.1
171.4
21.2
47.7
37.2

59.3
49.6
9.7
48.3
19.6
36.2
171.6
20.7
47.7
37.3

57.2
47.8
9.4
48.5
19.2
37.5
179.4
22.3
49.0
38.1

57.1
47.6
9.5
49.5
19.4
38.2
179.9
22.5
50.3
36.8

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

524.9
146.3
130.1
39.7
176.9
35.9
20.9
42.1
162.0
36.7
85.1
18.9

526.1
147.1
130.9
40.0
176.2
36.2
21.1
42.1
162.8
37.2
85.1
18.8

526.5
147.5
131.4
40.6
174.4
34.5
20.2
42.0
164.0
37.6
85.6
18.4

527.0
146.7
130.6
40.0
175.8
35.4
20.4
42.2
164.5
37.9
86.0
18.1

528.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

1,575.2 1,587.2 1,605.2 1,611.6 1,625.4
_
476.5 479.0 476.0 477.8
_
131.7
137.4
132.9
136.5
_
117.9
117.2
116.4
113.2
_
86.9
85.5
83.3
87.5
_
30.4
30.9
29.9
30.3
_
79.4
83.0
83.5
80.3
_
574.1
578.0
565.8
562.0
_
173.7
172.8
178.3
180.2
_
362.2 364.8 368.7 370.5
_
48.8
49.4
49.2
49.0
78.7
82.2
82.2
79.1
59.4
60.7
60.8
59.4
-

879.4
170.9
47.0
58.3
34.3
24.0
40.0
410.1
124.2
264.3
33.7
62.1
44.0

887.6
171.7
47.8
60.8
36.4
24.4
41.1
413.2
125.4
266.1
33.9
62.1
44.1

887.4
166.1
48.7
60.4
36.2
24.2
40.5
416.5
128.1
266.7
33.4
63.7
44.6

891.5
167.3
49.5
58.9
35.1
23.8
40.6
420.0
129.7
268.6
33.6
63.5
44.7

902.2
_
_
_

1,073.5 1,074.0 1,097.0 1,095.4 1,093.6
_
132.7
135.1
132.8
135.1
_
91.4
89.8
91.4
90.0
179.6
188.1
188.4
180.3
_
83.9
87.9
84.2
88.0
_
70.7
67.2
66.9
70.9
_
233.6 234.5 243.1 243.3
192.7
193.2 200.4 200.4
_
161.9
162.6
163.3
160.0
43.6
44.1
44.1
44.3
_
44.8
45.9
46.1
44.5
_
73.1
74.7
72.8
69.8
_
63.7
63.0
63.6
63.5
148.0
150.7
147.5
151.2
_
30.4
31.0
30.2
31.5
_
117.6
119.7
119.7
117.3
_
51.6
52.4
52.3
51.5
101.7
101.9
101.3
101.6
-

600.6
66.5
48.3
117.9
49.7
47.7
102.6
83.2
104.8
27.4
25.3
52.1
31.6
85.1
18.5
66.6
32.6
59.5

599.9
66.1
48.0
118.2
49.8
47.8
102.9
83.3
103.3
27.7
25.5
50.1
31.2
85.7
18.6
67.1
32.6
59.9

617.5
70.5
48.4
123.5
52.1
50.6
107.0
88.6
102.6
27.5
25.4
49.7
32.2
88.9
19.1
69.8
32.2
60.6

615.1
70.2
48.2
123.6
52.0
50.7
108.0
89.4
99.7
27.5
25.5
46.7
32.0
88.4
19.3
69.1
32.2
61.0

614.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

107.3
78.1
22.3

105.9
77.8
21.2

108.6
78.6
22.7

108.2
78.5
22.4

108.0
_
-

163.5
122.2
28.8

162.5
122.2
27.8

165.2
123.3
28.9

164.8
123.3
28.5

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
699.8
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

164.3
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




49

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic ....
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods.

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

30
301
302

837.5
84.6
11.3

840.9
84.6
11.3

837.4
84.6
11.3

840.1
85.8
11.4

303,4
306
307

27.1
101.8
612.7

27.3
102.0
615.7

27.2
98.7
615.6

27.3
98.6
617.0

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

145.5
13.6
82.8
37.0
28.0
11.8
17.6

145.1
13.8
83.2
37.5
27.9
11.9
16.8

141.3
14.4
78.7
33.8
27.7
11.9
17.0

141.2
14.6
78.3
33.8
27.4
12.1
16.9

5,645

5,656

5,755

3,432

3,443

Transportation and public utilities .
Transportation

Nov.
1989P

20.1
78.3
483.2

20.4
78.6
486.0

20.4
75.5
484.3

20.5
75.6
485.2

140.5

120.3
11.3
70.5
29.9
24.7
8.7
13.8

120.1
11.5
71.0
30.3
24.7
8.8
12.9

117.6
12.0
67.4
27.7
24.7
8.8
13.7

116.9
12.2
66.8
27.8
24.2
8.8
13.5

116.5

5,781

5,785

4,697

4,707

4,801

4,820

4,822

3,592

3,618

3,624

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

296.0
252.2

295.0
250.5

Local and interurban passenger transit.
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses

41
411
412
413
415

330.3
122.2
35.3
29.8
113.5

330.1
123.0
35.8
29.7
112.4

346.1
133.1
34.4
30.2
115.6

353.3
133.7
34.7
30.4
121.2

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals .
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

Water transportation
Local water transportation
Water transportation services

44
445
446

174.9
29.8
93.7

172.5
28.9
92.3

181.1
32.7
97.4

176.3
32.1
93.7

Transportation by air
Air transportation
Air transportation services .

45
451,2
458

654.9
564.8
90.1

659.2
568.7
90.5

709.4
611.1
98.3

719.7
621.6
98.1

-

Pipe lines, except natural gas .

46

18.3

18.3

19.1

19.2

-

Transportation services.
Freight forwarding

47
471

323.6
73.0

325.9
73.4

345.6
77.4

347.6
77.6

-

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment .
Automobiles and other motor vehicles ....
Automotive parts and supplies
See footnotes at end of table.


50


50
501
5012
5013

Nov.
1989P

655.8
65.1
9.4

299.3
258.6

49
491
492
493
495

Oct.
1989P

653.3
63.8
9.3

301.4
260.7

Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

Sept.
1989

657.2
62.9
9.3

40
4011

48
481
483
4832
4833

Nov.
1988

653.8
62.9
9.3

838.8

Railroad transportation.
Class I railroads2

Communication and public utilities
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting
Television broadcasting

Oct.
1988

1,628.1 1,637.6 1,694.7 1,706.5
1,500.6 1,512.5 1,568.8 1,572.4
134.1
125.9
127.5
125.1

2,163
2,213
2,213
2,163
1,280.1 1,280.1 1,223.2 1,223.9
894.1 892.6 824.4 823.0
240.1 241.2 246.8
246.6
122.4
119.7
120.0
122.6
124.4
120.4
121.2
124.0

-

-

-

654.8

:

-

303.8
111.2

303.5
111.8

316.0
118.5

323.1
119.3

26.9

26.8

27.3

27.4

-

-

-

1,421.7 1,429.5 1,481.3 1,492.1
1,313.0 1,323.1 1,376.2 1,378.9
106.4
113.2
108.7
105.1

-

-

-

-

-

-

12.9

13.8

13.7

-

-

-

-

-

-

967.7
656.1
197.9

969.3
655.8
199.3

925.2
601.9
203.9

927.8
603.4
203.4

-

736.0
344.7
130.5
157.9
80.5

735.9
344.6
130.2
157.6
81.2

741.7
342.3
131.7
157.6
87.0

741.4
342.9
131.5
156.3
87.6

-

-

-

12.9

-

-

2,161

932.7
452.8
165.4
193.0
92.8

932.9
452.6
165.3
192.9
93.4

939.3
447.6
167.9
193.9
100.3

938.7
447.5
167.8
193.2
100.6

6,111

6,116

6,282

6,299

6,303

4,927

4,929

5,057

5,068

5,071

3,604
433.4
120.6
282.0

3,614
433.7
121.9
280.8

3,717
436.7
123.2
282.3

3,724
436.5
122.8
282.4

3,732

2,881
348.8

2,888
348.8

2,966
353.0

2,971
352.6

-

-

-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and miliwork
Construction materials, nee
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, TV and radios
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies ....
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Commercial machines and equipment
Construction and mining machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies .,
Professional equipment and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wines and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
Farm supplies

1972
SIC
Code

502
5021
5023
503
5031
5039
504
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
509
5093
51
511
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191

Retail trade

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

154.1
155.5
155.8
156.7
70.6
70.6
71.8
72.1
83.5
84.9
84.0
84.6
229.8 230.6 241.5 243.0
119.0
119.3
124.3
125.1
110.8
111.3
117.2
117.9
91.0
93.0
98.6
98.6
142.1
142.8
144.7
144.3
512.0
513.0 533.0
535.2
267.8
268.1
280.8 282.3
67.5
67.6
69.3
69.2
176.7
177.3
183.6
183.0
280.8 280.7
282.9 282.1
97.6
98.1
96.1
96.5
115.4
114.9
116.8
117.3
1,530.1 1,533.7 1,582.8 1,586.4
550.4
551.3 561.0
560.8
82.7
83.1
87.1
87.3
117.4
117.2
125.3
125.5
337.0 338.7
351.8 352.9
140.1
141.3 148.0
148.6
176.9
176.5
179.1
180.4
230.9
231.3
240.6 240.9
107.8
107.7
113.5
113.0
2,507
221.1
183.8
195.0
835.2
266.3
65.9
108.1
126.3
203.8
85.0
118.8
151.0
95.7
55.3
451.6
152.0

2,502
221.9
185.1
195.3
836.3
268.2
67.0
105.6
126.7
203.4
85.0
118.4
151.5
95.4
56.1
452.3
149.8

2,565
230.0
188.9
205.5
846.1
275.6
66.6
105.6
129.2
208.5
88.4
120.1
155.1
99.4
55.7
473.0
161.0

2,575
231.0
190.0
206.8
841.9
275.9
66.0
102.2
128.5
208.7
88.3
120.4
154.7
98.4
56.3
480.5
163.9

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

124.4

126.1

126.0

126.7

188.4

188.7

198.0

199.0

73.7
112.6
393.4

74.9
113.3
393.6

78.7
114.7
403.9

78.9
114.6
405.8

226.9

226.7

229.5

228.5

Nov.
1989P

1,226.9 1,229.2 1,268.8 1,270.6

2,571

186.0

186.7

193.5

194.2

2,046
179.2
154.5
151.0
704.1

2,041
180.1
156.1
151.0
704.7

2,091
185.2
158.2
159.6
714.7

2,097
184.6
159.2
160.8
709.8

92.5
159.7

92.5
159.5

94.0
164.0

93.8
164.2

123.7

124.1

127.0

126.1

365.6

366.4

382.2

388.2

19,281 19,573 19,711 19,716 20,006 17,069 17,351 17,443 17,456 17,734
770.4
430.2
163.5

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
...................
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

2,463.4 2,615.4 2,436.0 2,484.8 2,637.8 2,273.3 2,424.2 2,264.0 2,312.7
2,036.1 2,165.3 2,020.2 2,061.0
1,889.8 2,018.7 1,890.1 1,931.0
243.2 253.0
229.3 233.0
222.5 231.9 210.7 214.1
184.1
197.1
186.5
190.8
161.0
173.6
167.6
163.2

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioners
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries ........

54
541
542
545
546

3,154.2 3,200.7 3,293.8 3,326.3 3,369.1 2,905.6 2,948.0 3,028.7 3,058.9
2,796.3 2,828.5 2,911.3 2,937.7
2,590.2 2,620.6 2,692.2 2,717.1
54.5
55.7
57.0
57.2
28.2
31.3
35.2
34.8
172.7
176.9
156.0
177.6
180.1
158.6
159.3
161.4

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

2,131.6 2,126.9 2,176.0 2,176.8 2,165.9 1,779.9 1,774.2 1,816.3 1,815.5
1,048.4 1,047.0 1,046.5 1,047.5
868.5 867.3 868.2
868.0
344.3 343.8
363.2 365.1
278.1 277.2 292.0 293.3
634.1 633.3
550.4
549.0
560.6
646.8 646.7
561.0

774.3
433.8
162.2

774.3
431.2
169.1

773.8
428.8
170.2

640.2
364.4
134.6

637.4
361.6
135.9

642.0
364.9
139.1

641.9
362.6
140.5

See footnotes at end of table.




51

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings ..
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

1972
SIC
Code

56
561
562
565
566

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

1,170.5 1,219.4 1,175.9 1,184.2
111.2
104.3
107.0
106.5
413.9
414.0 423.7
415.6
296.1
272.9
274.5
274.4
231.4 232.8
224.6
234.0
805.6
466.8
287.4
85.5
253.3
178.1
75.2

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

986.2 1,037.2
86.4
90.7
347.4 358.6
238.8
260.8
186.3
193.6

985.6
83.1
344.5
235.6
193.3

995.7
85.3
347.3
237.5
194.8

659.6
380.4

670.0
385.7

660.5
382.9

667.7
387.2

71.7
207.5

69.3
215.0

62.9
214.7

63.1
217.4

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores
Radio and television stores
Music stores

57
571
5712
572
573
5732
5733

Eating and drinking places

58

6,317.6 6,278.1 6,551.0 6,409.0 6,378.5 5,749.9 5,708.9 5,953.3 5,823.8

Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods ....
Nonstore retailers
Mail order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
592
594
5941
5942
5943
5944
5947
5949
596
5961
5962
598
599

2,463.5 2,546.4 2,498.0 2,547.5
589.8 600.4 606.6
614.7
124.1
124.6
123.1
124.8
936.2 893.3
879.7
915.3
163.6
164.0
158.7
167.7
94.4
88.9
91.3
93.3
83.3
84.9
85.0
85.4
157.9
168.0
160.7
163.1
183.9
190.9
194.9
197.3
65.0
66.0
63.9
65.4
289.0
291.8
263.4
269.8
148.0
151.4
129.9
134.7
86.3
86.9
86.2
86.0
113.2
116.6
116.1
119.3
388.6
395.9 406.8
415.7

Finance, insurance, and real estate3
Finance

815.9
471.5
289.8
82.9
261.5
183.2
78.3

806.0
471.2
290.5
76.0
258.8
180.2
78.6

813.2
475.5
291.6
75.6
262.1
182.7
79.4

6,702

6,861

6,832

6,841

3,280

3,289

3,336

3,331

3,340

60
602
6022
6023,4
603

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Federal savings and loan associations .
State associations, insured
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers

61
612
6122
6123
614
615
616

897.6
400.1
230.8
164.2
258.2
60.5
156.1

899.9
402.4
232.2
165.0
259.9
61.5
153.5

907.9
401.2
231.9
164.2
268.9
68.7
147.5

906.1
399.4
230.8
163.5
269.6
68.6
146.9

Security, commodity brokers, and services
Security brokers and dealers

62
621

442.4
346.8

441.5
345.7

431.2
332.3

430.0
330.7

Holding and other investment offices

67

206.6

207.9

213.6

214.4

2,094

2,099

2,131

2,131

Insurance
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
Title insurance

63
631
632
633
636

Insurance agents, brokers, and service

64

See footnotes at end of table.


52


2,074.6 2,151.2 2,092.8 2,139.5
503.3
512.9
520.5
511.2

6,693

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks
State banks, Federal Reserve
State banks, not Federal Reserve
Mutual savings banks

647.0

649.8

659.9

659.9

738.2

792.0

744.8

765.8

259.2

261.7

233.9

239.9

94.4
313.7

97.6
319.9

96.2
332.7

99.2
340.5

4,851

4,852

4,979

4,955

1,233.8 1,238.7 1,269.8 1,266.7
1,100.4 1,103.6 1,121.2 1,116.9

1,732.9 1,740.1 1,783.2 1,780.6
1,549.1 1,554.4 1,577.9 1,573.2
314.5
315.4
315.2 314.8
359.7 360.7 368.3
367.4
79.4
79.0
79.1
79.0

1,446.7 1,449.6 1,470.8 1,470.7
574.7 575.0 575.3
574.1
221.9
223.2 235.2 236.0
541.4
542.5 547.0 546.8
58.6
60.0
60.6
58.4

Nov.
1989P

669.0
303.3

670.9
304.4

681.4
304.3

681.7
303.3

200.0

201.5

208.9

209.9

967.5
343.4
179.0
362.6

969.6
344.1
180.2
362.7

979.1
348.8
188.3
354.6

978.2
348.3
189.5
352.7

2,135

4,955

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Real estate, and combined real estate, insurance, etc ...

Oct.
1988

1,319

Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

65
651
653
655

Combined real estate, insurance, etc

66

Production workers1

All employees
Nov.
1988

1,314

Sept.
1989

1,394

Oct.
1989P

1,370

Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

1,366

1,309.3 1,304.2 1,385.2 1,360.7
565.2 567.5 602.7
593.5
540.5 539.0 562.7
550.8
172.1
186.9
166.2
183.4
9.3

9.3

9.0

8.9

26,086 26,081 27,240 27,304 27,293 22,819 22,805 23,766 23,826 23,810

Services
Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

70
701

1,563.5 1,536.0 1,653.0 1,600.9
1,523.2 1,497.5 1,600.0 1,552.6

Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories

72
721
722
723
726

1,165.6 1,163.3 1,188.4 1,199.0
415.3 414.1
411.4 412.9
62.8
62.7
62.4
66.5
364.6 366.2 370.1
371.5
79.8
79.4
81.1
81.1

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Temporary help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming and software
Data processing services

73
731
7311
732
733
734
736
7361
7362
737
7372
7374

5,723.5 5,716.1 5,888.8 5,888.9 5,878.6 4,908.7 4,896.3 5,021.9 5,018.8
244.4 246.6 258.8 259.1
180.7
192.4
192.2
182.3
176.0
178.1
187.6
187.4
91.5
92.2
96.3
95.7
226.5 230.2 250.9 255.7
805.3
803.0 814.2 809.4
727.6 726.5 737.2
731.7
1,417.3 1,399.3 1,394.0 1,374.6
232.9 226.6 217.9 216.2
1,078.2 1,066.4 1,072.3 1,054.5
702.6 709.8 775.3 783.5
549.8 599.3 606.7
545.3
321.3
326.0 362.6 366.4
262.8 264.2 287.3 289.7

739
7391
7392
7393
7394
7395

2,223.9 2,222.7 2,285.9 2,297.5
215.0
213.8 219.5
220.2
537.0 543.0 553.3
553.9
472.8 474.7 485.1 487.1
268.3 266.4 279.4 281.3
88.9
89.5
86.6
89.2

Miscellaneous business services
Research development laboratories, nee
Management and public relations
Detective and protective services
Equipment rental and leasing
Photofinishing laboratories
Auto repair, services, and garages
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Automotive repair shops

75
751
753

857.8
169.2
498.9

859.9
168.7
500.1

910.5
190.3
528.8

910.3
190.5
526.9

Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops

76
762

351.5
113.1

350.8
113.0

364.7
125.5

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters

78
781
783

237.5
119.2
100.6

239.3
124.0
97.9

Amusement and recreation services

79

Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Outpatient care facilities

80
801
802
805
8051
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808

See footnotes at end of table.




Nov.
1989P

891.6
7,266.7
1,134.4
491.5
1,331.8
923.1
408.7
3,353.4
3,102.0
93.0
158.4
155.4
279.1

1,359.2 1,333.5 1,422.8 1,378.9
369.1

367.9

365.5

366.5

324.9

326.4

330.2

331.2

708.7

710.9

749.7

750.6

411.1

411.9

432.5

431.7

366.3
125.5

287.4

286.3

300.0

301.0

271.6
143.9
110.6

266.1
147.3
101.8

198.0
94.0

200.2
98.9

230.6
118.3

223.9
120.4

844.8 1,038.6

936.4

769.2

727.5

908.5

814.1

7,307.5
1,140.6
493.7
1,339.1
928.1
411.0
3,369.2
3,116.6
93.7
158.9
156.6
282.7

7,738.9
1,225.3
518.2
1,401.0
970.0
431.0
3,530.0
3,267.3
96.4
166.3
174.1
328.7

7,776.2 7,808.0 6,455.1 6,494.0 6,872.1 6,902.9
1,231.7
929.0 935.3 999.4 1,003.4
518.7
429.8 431.8 452.0 452.5
1,404.2
1,201.8 1,209.2 1,266.1 1,268.4
972.7
431.5
3,543.7
3,064.9 3,079.5 3,228.9 3,240.7
3,280.1
97.1
166.5
176.4
334.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Legal services

1972
SIC
Code

81

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1988

861.4

Nov.
1988

868.3

Sept.
1989

899.0

Oct.
1989P

905.0

Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Correspondence and vocational schools

82
821
822
824

1,690.4 1,715.8 1,605.4 1,746.2
404.1 407.4 397.6 412.1
1,069.8 1,087.4 968.3 1,087.3
105.2 108.3
97.2
99.4

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Residential care

83
832
833
836

1,642.4 1,661.3 1,754.0 1,781.1
341.8 345.7 351.3 356.1
233.0 233.5 239.6 242.6
398.5 403.5 432.8 436.1

Museums, botanical and zoological gardens

84

Membership organizations
Business associations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations

86
861
863
864

1,733.6 1,733.9 1,751.4 1,758.0
99.6
99.3 100.4 100.4
135.1 134.2 134.2 134.4
379.0 383.0 395.9 403.7

Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services
Noncommercial research organizations
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

89
891
892
893

1,396.8 1,405.2 1,462.7 1,465.9
733.6 735.0 764.5 762.1
135.4 137.6 149.5 150.9
494.7 499.1 508.8 512.1

51.9

50.6

52.9

Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

717.4

Nov.
1988

723.5

Sept.
1989

743.0

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

748.2

52.7

1,118.6 1,122.6 1,161.7 1,164.5
609.5 609.8 631.8 629.1

376.7

378.6

382.4

386.0

17,708 17,909 17,570 18,081 18,266

Government
4

2,968

Federal Government

4

State government
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions

2,970

3731

121.2
74.1

121.5
74.3

124.4
73.6

124.5
73.6

806

38.6
436.5
247.2

38.8
436.5
247.6

39.6
443.1
251.2

40.2
440.7
250.7

806
82

4,107
4,265
4,179
4,203
447.2 447.8 449.2 453.0
1,723.5 1,759.4 1,580.8 1,754.0

2,978

4,308

1,482.4 1,472.9 1,541.3 1,524.8

806
82

10,561 10,735 10,485 10,846
490.4
491.1 498.2 496.8
628.0 630.2 658.4 661.0
5,979.3 6,087.9 5,710.3 6,125.3

10,980

3,131.7 3,194.7 3,252.0 3,220.1

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the
nonsupervisory count for all series in this division.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to




2,978

2,909.1 2,912.3 2,918.3
951.3 955.0 975.0
830.0 835.6 822.7
1,127.8 1,121.7 1,120.6
37.6
37.4
37.3
21.7
21.0
21.1

Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial
Federal government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Shipbuilding and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

2,971

civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and
the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1988 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Aug.
1988

Sept.
1988

July
1989

Aug.
1989

Sept.
1989

48,510

49,409

50,178

50,265

51,149

Total private

40,450

40,619

41,767

41,900

42,059

Goods-producing

7,097

7,123

7,131

7,222

7,220

99

97

99

100

98

565

562

589

592

589

6,433

6,464

6,443

6,530

6,533

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ..
Miscellaneous manufacturing

3,076
127
163
123
106
324
461
867
396
330
181

3,093
128
164
122
106
326
462
871
401
330
182

3,074
126
164
124
106
321
474
839
404
339
177

3,094
127
164
124
108
324
472
845
406
340
185

3,095
125
165
123
107
325
472
845
408
339
186

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,357
563
18
351
861
172
679
316
25
286
87

3,371
565
20
352
867
172
679
316
25
288
87

3,369
564
16
348
840
175
708
327
27
286
79

3,436
586
17
353
867
176
707
330
27
290
84

3,438
593
19
353
867
173
705
328
27
291
83

41,413

42,286

43,047

43,043

43,929

Transportation and public utilities ...

1,585

1,613

1,634

1,566

1,643

Wholesale trade

1,811

1,824

1,897

1,905

1,911

10,203

10,213

10,407

10,475

10,469

4,210

4,181

4,316

4,326

4,301

15,544

15,665

16,382

16,406

16,515

8,060
1,065
1,875
5,120

8,790
1,061
1,974
5,755

8,411
1,085
1,919
5,407

8,365
1,076
1,919
5,370

9,090
1,063
2,020
6,007

Industry

Total

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are




introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1968 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1988

1989

Industry

Total

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

106,824

107,097

107,442

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.'

107,711 107,888 108,101 108,310 108,607 108,767 108,887 109,096 109,189

89,299

89,574

89,897

90,124

90,291

90,475

90,623

90,884

91,016

91,083

91,230

91,336

25,460

25,513

25,626

25,629

25,646

25,671

25,672

25,648

25,669

25,694

25,614

25,607

712
396

711
394

711
393

711
394

714
397

720
400

722
401

715
402

706
404

729
405

730
408

731
410

5,191
1,375

5,213
1,380

5,267
1,404

5,270
1,398

5,252
1,380

5,279
1,377

5,283
1,388

5,283
1,384

5,314
1,391

5,321
1,403

5,325
1,396

5,333
1,384

19,557

19,589

19,648

19,648

19,680

19,672

19,667

19,650

19,649

19,644

19,559

19,543

11,545
775
532
605

11,565

11,604
777
535
607
788
276
1,457

11,594
111
534
604
787
276

11,480
759

11,454
763
525
600
776
271

2,134
2,065
2,079

1,454
2,144

1,452
2,150
2,050
2,076

11,549
767
536
602
785
277
1,446
2,154
2,040

11,551
763
529
601
786
276

2,126
2,067
2,063

2,046

867
762
387

867
767
389

882
770

11,594
778
534
608
786
276
1,458
2,138
2,062
2,067
871
772

11,600
772
537
606
788
275

1,445
2,120
2,075
2,060

11,605
784
532
607
786
276
1,458

11,567

780
532
607
785
276
1,449

390

391

8,012
1,648
56
725

8,024
1,646
56
724

1,088
695

1,090
696

8,043
1,650
56
728
1,092

8,054
1,650
56
728
1,096

696

1,581
1,075
162
839
143

1,588
1,079

696
1,595
1,085

143

1,595
1,084
160
839
143

81,364

81,584

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communication and public utilities

5,616
3,402
2,214

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

784
277

2,143
2,060
2,071
869
776
390
8,076
1,655
56

729
1,101
697
1,600

2,058
2,073
875
111

769
534
603
787
276
1,449
2,151

2,041
2,062

391

392

861
779
392

8,072
1,657
54
728
1,098
696
1,601
1,090

8,073
1,656
53

8,083
1,663
52

876
778

728

729
1,093

697

697
1,607
1,096

1,094
701
1,609
1,091
163
841
140

1,603

2,038
843
780
393

8,093
1,667
52
727
1,095
700
1,611

8,079
1,674

8,089
1,680

1,432

51
723

51
725

1,088

1,085
698
1,613
1,096

697

83,193
5,618
3,539
2,079

5,709
3,546
2,163

5,733
3,568
2,165

6,230
3,693
2,537

6,237
3,700
2,537

6,256
3,708
2,548

6,264
3,717
2,547

6,275
3,720
2,555

19,528
2,491
3,245
2,159
6,348

19,551
2,493
3,262
2,155
6,362

19,586
2,482
3,274
2,155
6,370

19,621
2,484
3,293
2,152
6,385

19,632
2,486
3,294
2,157
6,397

19,677
2,472
3,320
2,170
6,403

6,776
3,312
2,119
1,345

6,790
3,320
2,123
1,347

6,808
3,320
2,129
1,359

6,815
3,324
2,131
1,360

6,836
3,336
2,137
1,363

6,852
3,343
2,137
1,372

6,849
3,344
2,135
1,370

26,520
5,736
7,488

26,651
5,760
7,528

26,711
5,776
7,570

26,931
5,799
7,616

26,973
5,786
7,648

27,058
5,800
7,695

27,159
5,836
7,739

27,195
5,831
7,776

17,597
2,982
4,102
10,513

17,626
2,982
4,111
10,533

17,687
2,999
4,119
10,569

17,723
2,995
4,136
10,592

17,751
3,000
4,145
10,606

17,804
2,999
4,154
10,651

17,866
2,996
4,182
10,688

17,853
2,985
4,161

82,959

5,634
3,421
2,213

5,654
3,439
2,215

5,667
3,453
2,214

5,666
3,452
2,214

5,682
3,467
2,215

5,700
3,484
2,216

5,716
3,500
2,216

6,104
3,612
2,492

6,125
3,626
2,499

6,146
3,638
2,508

6,171
3,657
2,514

6,197
3,676
2,521

6,206
3,676
2,530

6,222
3,685
2,537

19,282
2,452
3,165
2,131
6,322

19,328
2,460
3,182
2,136
6,328

19,407
2,472
3,200
2,143
6,323

19,460
2,481
3,212
2,150
6,332

19,488
2,490
3,223
2,155
6,322

19,489
2,492
3,233
2,159
6,335

6,726
3,299
2,102
1,325

6,744
3,307
2,110
1,327

6,746
3,308
2,109
1,329

6,763
3,311
2,116
1,336

6,774
3,316
2,117
1,341

Services
Business services
Health services

26,111
5,682
7,313

26,230
5,715
7,359

26,318
5,707
7,396

26,434
5,729
7,442

Government
Federal
State
Local

17,525
2,983
4,085

17,523
2,981
4,085
10,457

17,545
2,978
4,084
10,483

17,587
2,982
4,095
10,510


56


2,068
873
782
393

2,139
2,018
2,030
833
780
391

5,736
3,524
2,212

82,638

P = preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988

2,147
2,023

83,098

82,430

10,457

2,152
2,034

83,582

82,242

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

111
273
1,438

83,482

82,082

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Eating and drinking places

1,443

140

1,094

81,816

Service-producing

597

1,612
1,095
163
837
139

144

161
843

392
8,100
1,678
53
730

1,095

1,088
161
845
144

162
840

844
781

528

162

162

843
143

843
142

163
841
142

1,097
163
841

163
838

140

10,707

benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally
adjusted data from January 1985 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
3-5. Women employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
In thousands)

1988

1989

Industry
Sept.

Total
Total private

Oct.

Nov.

Jan.

Dec,

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept,

49,488 49,586 49,799 49,963 50,130 50,302 50,414 50,515 50,670 50,894 51,023 51,124 51,247
40,503 40,602 40,776 40,943 41,093 41,239 41,340 41,418 41,530 41,717 41,794 41,832 41,950
7,054

7,069

7,095

7,112

7,141

7,152

7,159

7,161

7,166

7,165

7,176

7,167

7,147

97

97

97

97

97

97

97

97

97

99

98

99

98

555

555

557

561

566

571

571

573

577

577

577

580

581

6,402

6,417

6,441

6,454

6,478

6,484

6,491

6,491

6,492

6,489

6,501

6,488

6,468

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ...
Miscellaneous manufacturing

3,082
125
165
121
106
325
465
867
399
330
179

3,087
125
165
122
106
325
467
868
401
331
177

3,097
127
165
122
106
327
469
869
402
332
178

3,103
127
165
123
107
327
469
866
405
335
179

3,113
127
166
123
108
330
471
864
407
337
180

3,111
127
166
123
107
329
471
863
407
337
181

3,109
127
167
123
108
328
471
860
408
337
180

3,111
126
167
124
108
327
471
859
409
338
182

3,108
126
167
124
108
327
472
853
410
339
182

3,103
125
167
123
108
326
474
850
409
338
183

3,103
124
169
123
107
327
475
847
407
341
183

3,099
124
165
123
108
325
475
846
410
340
183

3,084
123
165
122
107
324
474
840
406
340
183

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,320
524
18
349
863
171
682
314

3,330
531
18
349
862
171
685
315

3,344
535
18
350
867
171
688
315

3,351
532
19
350
869
171
692
316

3,365
536
18
352
871
171
697
318

3,373
537
19
352
874
171
698
319

3,382
537
19
354
877
171
700
321

3,380
537
18
353
875
171
702
322

3,384
537
17
353
873
171
706
325

3,386
540
17
353
871
172
708
325

3,398
551
18
353
870
173
709
324

3,389
540
18
352
869
174
710
326

3,384
549
17
350
863
172
708
326

O

O

O

O

O

O

0

O

O

O

O

O

O

aoods-produclng
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

289
85

289
85

291
84

292
84

292
84

292
85

293
84

292
84

292
84

291
83

292
82

292
82

291
82

42,434 42,517 42,704 42,851 42,989 43,150 43,255 43,354 43,504 43,729 43,847 43,957 44,100

Transportation and public utilities ...

1,604

1,608

1,614

1,621

1,626

1,630

1,629

1,628

1,635

1,645

1,652

1,585

1,633

Wholesale trade

1,820

1,827

1,835

1,845

1,854

1,862

1,866

1,876

1,888

1,893

1,899

1,905

1,907

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

10,179 10,190 10,213 10,238 10,287 10,318 10,336 10,337 10,373 10,387 10,407 10,444 10,438
4,188

4,199

4,212

4,227

4,242

4,249

4,247

4,257

4,271

4,278

4,292

4,310

15,658 15,709 15,807 15,905 15,958 16,035 16,101 16,169 16,211 16,356 16,382 16,439 16,515
8,985
1,065
2,015
5,905

8,984
1,067
2,009
5,908

9,023
1,066
2,013
5,944

1
This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal
Domponents are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components
ind consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.




4,222

9,020
1,065
2,013
5,942

9,037
1,063
2,012
5,962

9,063
1,064
2,017
5,982

9,074
1,064
2,020
5,990

9,097
1,064
2,023
6,010

9,140
1,070
2,034
6,036

9,177
1,070
2,043
6,064

9,229
1,071
2,048
6,110

9,292
1,070
2,050
6,172

9,297
1,067
2,063
6,167

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
seasonally adjusted data from January 1985 forward are subject to revision.

57

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers
seasonally adjusted

1

on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,

(In thousands)
1988

1989

Industry
Nov.

Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

72,273 72,494 72,774 72,949 73,101
17,929 17,963 18,065 18,048

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

73,204 73,315 73,555 73,670 73,741

18,052 18,053 18,058 18,022

Sept.

Oct.p

73,837 73,893 74,

18,047

18,071

17,987

17,981

511

510

510

510

514

519

521

511

503

525

525

528

4,053

4,068

4,132

4,112

4,096

4,104

4,111

4,111

4,134

4,145

4,143

4,143

13,400 13,410

13,401

13,365 13,385 13,423 13,426 13,442 13,430 13,426
7,717
645
426
470
601
217
1,079
1,279
1,233
1,283
676
421
280

7,730
647
426
472
602
216
1,082
1,285
1,224
1,285
676
425
282

7,758
652
426
473
603
215
1,089
1,292
1,222
1,294
687
424
283

7,749
648
427
474
602
215
1,087
1,298
1,218
1,286
677
425
284

7,749
646
428
472
603
213
1,086
1,298
1,214
1,292
675
427
283

7,744
642
428
471
603
211
1,080
1,298
1,213
1,297
680
428
284

7,735
641
427
469
601
210
1,079
1,302
1,205
1,297
681
430
284

7,706
638
426
468
602
211
1,074
1,303
1,198
1,284
667
429
284

7,697
636
427
468
601
211
1,073
1,309
1,199
1,270
650
431
283

7,696
633
421
467
600
214
1,069
1,304
1,195
1,291
677
430
286

7,632
629
420
463
593
212
1,062
1,299
1,189
1,262
648
431
284

7,613
633
418
466
591
210
1,059
1,293
1,184
1,255
638
431
283

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

5,648
1,173
42
628
916
525
883
602
106
655
118

5,655
1,172
42
628
919
525
886
604
105
656
118

5,665
1,175
41
630
922
524
887
607
104
656
119

5,677
1,177
41
630
926
524
888
608
105
659
119

5,693
1,182
41
630
930
525
891
610
105
660
119

5,686
1,184
40
630
927
524
889
609
105
660
118

5,691
1,184
38
630
925
525
891
614
106
660
118

5,694
1,190
38
630
922
525
892
616
107
656
118

5,713
1,205
39
631
922
528
893
614
107
657
117

5,705
1,197
39
627
922
528
894
617
107
658
116

5,687
1,203
38
623
917
524
892
614
107
653
116

5,697
1,206
38
626
915
526
893
617
107
654
115

54,344 54,531

54,709 54,901

55,049 55,151

4,671

4,691

4,704

4,718

4,718

4,735

4,752

4,763

4,779

4,665

4,758

4,777

Wholesale trade

4,917

4,931

4,948

4,970

4,990

4,996

5,007

5,016

5,021

5,038

5,037

5,048

17,066 17,106 17,171 17,215 17,244 17,235 17,280

17,317

17,338 17,388

17,391

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

4,873

4,879

4,886

4,902

4,918

4,933

4,944

22,817 22,924 23,000 23,105 23,197 23,283 23,300 23,504 23,541

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.


58


4,900

4,893

p

1,
1,
1,
1,

55,257 55,533 55,623 55,670 55,850 55,912 56,

Transportation and public utilities

Retail trade

17,

13,319 13,310 13,

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Service-producing

No

4,954

4,969

17,386 17,
4,970

23,625 23,695 23,731

23,

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from Mi
1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced
seasonally adjusted data from January 1985 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
DIFFUSION INDEXES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

June

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Private nonagricultural payrolls, 349 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1987
1988
1989

55.6
60.7
68.3

59.3
63.5
60.5

61.0
63.0
61.0

61.9
62.8
58.2

58.6
61.3
55.6

59.7
67.2
59.7

65.3
63.6
55.6

60.6
58.0
57.4

63.0
55.4
47.9

67.8
63.9
P57.4

64.5
68.2
P59.0

60.7
64.6

Over 3-month span:
1987
1988
1989

60.7
64.8
71.6

62.0
65.6
70.1

66.6
69.5
64.5

65.2
70.2
61.9

65.8
71.1
61.6

65.9
71.9
60.7

67.8
71.2
61.6

71.1
64.2
53.4

71.2
65.3
P54.0

72.3
70.1
P55.6

70.9
73.4

65.9
74.6

Over 6-month span:
1987
1988
1989

67.3
69.9
75.1

65.8
70.2
69.5

64.8
71.5
68.2

66.8
73.9
66.0

67.6
73.9
63.0

69.5
69.1
57.9

71.3
70.2
P58.5

73.5
74.6
P58.9

73.2
73.5

71.5
73.9

71.8
74.5

72.2
75.8

Over 12-month span:
1987
1988
1989

66.6
76.2
73.2

68.2
76.1
73.6

68.2
74.8
69.6

71.8
74.6
P68.2

71.9
75.8
P66.3

72.5
74.9

72.2
78.1

74.1
75.5

75.4
75.5

72.5
74.8

73.8
74.9

76.9
74.1

'

Manufacturing payrolls, 141 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1987
1988
1989

44.3
58.5
62.4

53.9
56.0
53.5

54.3
55.0
53.2

55.7
59.9
49.6

55.3
58.5
46.8

54.3
61.7
48.6

62.8
59.6
49.6

59.9
51.1
45.4

63.8
49.3
34.8

59.9
62.8
P53.9

65.6
64.9
P48.9

56.4
58.5

Over 3-month span:
1987
1988
1989

52.1
63.1
67.4

51.4
61.0
63.8

59.6
62.4
55.7

61.3
64.9
51.8

58.5
67.4
49.3

62.8
67.0
48.6

67.0
64.5
47.9

71.6
58.2
34.0

68.4
62.1
P40.8

70.6
66.7
P44.3

67.7
71.3

64.5
70.9

Over 6-month span:
1987
1988
1989

57.4
66.3
69.5

56.7
66.3
58.5

55.3
67.7
55.7

62.4
69.5
52.8

64.9
66.7
48.9

67.0
64.2
39.0

67.4
66.0
P41.5

70.6
70.9
P42.9

71.3
68.8

69.5
69.9

69.5
71.6

68.1
74.1

Over 12-month span:
1987
1988
1989

55.3
73.8
63.1

58.5
70.2
63.8

58.5
70.9
57.1

63.5
71.6
P55.3

66.3
72.0
P50.0

67.4
69.9

71.6
70.9

72.7
69.1

71.6
71.6

69.1
70.2

68.4
69.9

72.3
67.0

1
Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and
unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus
one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent




indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data (beginning April 1988) and all seasonally
adjusted data (beginning January 1985) are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area
Oct.
1988

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Sept.
1989

1,561.0
404.7
131.7
163.8
129.6
62.1

1,577.0
408.8
135.3
164.1
128.4
63.3

1,586.8
409.6
136.0
166.9
128.9
63.8

11.3
5.1

11.4
4.8

.1
.7
.2
2.7

.1
.7

214.8

234.2

222.9

1,421.6
934.9
249.3

1,445.0
948.6
250.9

874.3
51.7
77.5
241.5
33.7

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

78.2
25.5
5.9
9.9
8.0
3.2

75.1
24.7

.1
2.6

11.5
4.7
.1
.7
.1
2.7

9.7

11.0

10.8

9.9

11.4

10.5

1,463.5
961.4
254.2

12.0
.7

12.2

12.1

.9

.9

1.9

2.1

2.1

94.8
65.1
17.0

92.3
61.8
16.5

91.7
61.5
16.3

898.0
52.9
75.5
245.4
34.2

899.5
53.1
75.6

4.3

4.4

4.5

1.0
.4

.9
.4

.9
.4

34.8
1.7
2.6
10.6
1.8

36.0
1.8
2.7
11.0
1.9

35.3
1.8
2.6
10.7
1.9

12,253.0
1,142.7
160.5
212.3
4,155.9
111.8
850.9
215.2
631.7
581.5
930.8
953.6
825.0
147.3
130.1
150.6
131.7

12,497.1
1,163.4
163.1
217.1
4,191.6
121.2
878.8
225.1
641.3
604.4
964.7
964.2
825.8
147.5
133.9
151.8
137.1

12,569.9
1,168.3
163.1
217.8
4,228.8
118.0
885.4
224.8
645.5
607.0
966.8
970.3
826.7
150.3
134.4
149.4
137.2

41.9
1.3
13.9
.6

42.1
1.3

41.7

638.7
68.4
9.6

667.1
71.4
9.6
13.0

669.2
71.0

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,431.1
109.6
803.5

1,451.3
109.9
810.1

1,457.7
110.9
812.6

20.8
.3

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

1,688.4
204.3
489.3
67.1
262.8
126.6
88.7

1,695.7
203.4
489.1
66.0
266.9
127.1
88.1

1,707.3
204.5
491.4
66.5
268.2
127.0
88.3

335.2
288.1

342.1
290.4

343.0
293.3

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

675.1
2,190.5

688.3
2,257.9

692.1
2,270.7

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Jacksonville
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

5,136.1
117.2
485.2
117.7
413.7
154.7
864.1
508.3
125.8
110.4
115.6
835.9
350.0

5,271.3
120.3
492.4
124.0
425.2
159.6
879.6
522.6
127.4
113.9
117.4
857.6
358.9

5,321.4
120.9
497.1
125.2
426.3
160.0
882.5
524.6
127.4
115.2
119.4
861.3
366.4

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Arizona
Phoenix

Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

246.1
34.3

14.0
.6
10.0

9.7

1.3
13.9
.6
10.0

12.3

37.8
34.8
6.9
9.1
8.7
10.6

21.1
.3
12.1

21.1
.3
12.0

60.8
3.7
32.4

60.9
3.7
30.7

61.5
3.8
30.8

1.4

1.4

83.0
9.7
21.9
5.4

81.4
9.7
22.1
4.8

81.3
9.7

14.6
5.7
5.1

15.5
6.1
5.4

15.4
5.7
5.4

.1
.2

22.8
19.4

20.2
17.8

20.1
17.9

.1
1.1

13.0
144.1

13.6
153.5

13.5
152.4

9.5

352.6
8.8
37.6
13.3
27.1
9.0
41.1
38.2
8.3
10.2

346.8
8.5
36.7
13.9
27.4
8.8
39.2
37.3
8.5
10.4
5.5
56.2
29.9

348.9
8.5
36.7
13.8
27.1

.8

.9
.1
1.5
.7
.1
.6

3.8
2.8
1.3
.7
.8

.9
.1

.9

See footnotes at end of table.




0

.4
.4
.5

.1
1.2

.1
1.2

>
.4

0)

.7
.9
.3

0)

9.7
13.2
160.2
8.1
55.0
15.5
55.7
38.1
62.7
39.4
35.0
7.3
10.2
9.1
11.4

.1
1.5
.7
.1
.8

1.3
.7

0)

10.3
7.7
3.1

1.5
.7
.1
.8

:1)
3.8
2.8
1.3
.7
.8

152.6
7.4
52.5
14.3
55.5

36.1
60.2

12.6

Delaware
Wilmington

75.6
24.5
6.1

159.7
8.0
54.8
15.6
56.4
38.1
62.7
38.6
35.0
7.2
10.1
9.0
11.5

3.3
2.8

1.6

6.1
10.1
7.7
3.2

5.8
58.0
31.2

21.9
4.8

8.9
39.3
37.7
8.6
10.4

5.5
56.5
29.9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

Manufacturing
State and area
Oct.
1988
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

380.8
57.4
33.6
25.1
19.0
10.1

Sept.
1989
387.2
58.8
33.7
25.2
17.8
10.2

Oct.
1989P
386.4
57.9
33.9
25.2
17.8
10.1

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

79.0
32.2
2.9
9.9
5.0
2.0

79.5
32.0
3.1
9.9
5.1
2.0

Oct.
1989P
79.5
31.9
3.1
9.8
5.1
2.0

Oct.
1988
344.0
99.7
24.9
43.8
29.7
12.9

Sept.
1989
346.0
101.7
25.6
44.5
29.5
13.2

Oct.
1989P
347.3
102.3
25.9
44.7
29.7
13.3

13.6

17.1

13.4

17.3

21.9

18.4

42.3

45.5

44.2

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

190.8
138.9
30.2

189.9
139.8
28.0

190.1
139.7
28.1

72.1
50.2
8.9

73.2
51.1
9.5

73.9
51.7
9.5

348.2
235.5
57.2

360.6
241.9
59.8

365.6
246.0
60.4

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

231.7
13.1
26.7
35.5
6.5

235.1
13.2
25.1
35.3
6.5

234.3
13.0
24.9
35.1
6.5

52.5
4.6
4.2
17.2
2.6

53.5
4.8
4.3
17.6
2.6

53.9
4.8
4.4
17.6
2.6

195.5
12.0
15.7
57.8
7.2

202.1
12.3
15.2
58.3
7.4

202.1
12.4
15.4
58.7
7.4

2,166.6
259.7
10.5
23.5
905.9
24.9
109.0
30.3
82.5
42.1
128.2
80.9
276.1
22.1
19.8
24.8
12.3

2,182.3
258.5
10.4
23.6
894.5
31.5
112.0
31.5
83.3
44.3
133.3
80.5
277.6
21.7
20.6
25.7
13.4

2,172.6
258.5
10.4
23.6
896.3
27.7
111.6
31.3
83.0
43.1
133.3
81.1
275.3
21.7
20.5
23.6
12.4

591.8
34.0
7.2
11.7
205.7
4.6
57.1
11.1
30.6
25.4
35.2
77.2
21.7
5.0
5.8
9.5
4.7

605.0
34.3
7.8
11.6
207.1
5.1
60.5
11.8
30.5
26.9
36.2
79.6
22.1
5.3
5.9
9.6
4.9

603.9
34.4
7.7
11.7
207.6
5.0
61.0
11.7
30.5
26.8
36.1
79.8
21.9
5.4
5.9
9.2
4.9

2,906.1
281.5
38.3
53.5
961.5
29.1
207.7
52.8
156.7
140.1
225.5
213.8
160.9
35.0
33.2
35.7
32.1

2,967.9
291.8
38.8
54.1
977.4
30.1
216.1
55.5
156.5
143.9
234.5
215.4
160.4
35.5
34.4
35.4
33.8

2,982.9
292.8
38.8
54.4
981.4
30.4
217.1
55.2
157.9
144.9
234.1
216.9
159.5
35.6
34.4
35.4
34.1

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

191.7
29.8
95.6

192.6
29.4
95.6

193.1
29.6
95.7

91.0
2.3
66.3

91.5
2.3
66.7

91.2
2.3
66.5

351.4
23.1
196.9

359.7
23.5
200.2

360.6
23.5
200.9

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

369.6
57.1
90.0
19.4
47.3
23.0
23.9

368.6
54.6
88.1
18.0
47.3
21.6
22.4

369.0
54.6
88.3
17.9
47.2
21.7
22.5

73.2
8.4
18.8
3.2
17.7
5.5
3.0

72.6
8.6
19.2
3.2
18.2
5.7
3.1

72.8
8.6
19.2
3.3
18.2
5.7
3.1

384.9
47.4
104.4
13.6
61.9
29.3
17.4

392.0
46.7
104.8
14.0
62.2
29.6
17.6

396.3
47.2
105.7
14.0
63.0
29.7
17.8

Delaware
Wilmington

70.4
59.6

71.9
61.4

69.6
59.1

14.1
15.1

13.7
15.6

13.7
15.7

73.1
60.3

75.4
61 .C

75.9
62.8

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

16.3
87.2

16.0
86.5

16.0
86.4

25.1
109.2

25.4
114.6

25.5
115.6

66.7
432.2

66.1
440.4

67.8
442.8

540.8
11.8
46.6
6.0
39.3
29.6
93.4
57.4
11.2
8.6
5.0
96.1
35.0

543.5
11.9
46.6
6.6
40.4
30.6
91.3
56.6
11.3
8.7
4.8
97.1
34.5

545.2
11.9
47.5
6.7
40.3
30.5
91.3
56.6
11.2
8.8
4.9
96.7
34.4

261.9
3.6
23.0
5.2
27.7
5.8
69.8
25.7
6.7
3.4
2.8
39.3
12.6

263.3
3.8
23.0
5.2
27.6
6.1
67.3
26.1
6.7
3.4
2.8
40.0
13.2

265.3
3.8
23.1
5.2
27.8
6.1
67.8
25.7
6.7
3.4
2.8
40.0
13.3

1,390.8
34.6
144.7
34.3
114.3
36.2
235.4
131.7
31.6
32.2
24.4
228.2
94.5

1,434.8
35.9
146.1
36.4
117.6
37.1
242.3
134.7
32.2
33.7
25.3
237.0
97.9

1,452.1
35.7
148.0
36.8
118.6
37.5
242.9
135.4
31.8
34.3
25.4
237.5
101.8

Alaska

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto

Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Jacksonville
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized62
for FRASER


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

70.6
28.5
3.7
8.0
7.6
2.1

71.6
27.8
3.9
7.9
7.6
2.1

71.7
27.6
3.9
7.9
7.6
2.1

289.3
94.6
30.8
38.4
28.3
9.0

298.1
97.0
31.9
39.0
29.2
9.4

298.6
97.7
31.8
39.1
29.1
9.4

307.8
61.7
29.8
28.0
31.8
20.1

308.1
62.0
30.9
26.8
31.4
20.6

316.2
63.0
31.2
29.2
31.8
21.1

Alaska

10.6

10.6

10.5

42.7

45.7

44.1

68.7

71.0

71.0

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

92.1
73.4
12.0

92.5
73.8
11.6

92.6
74.0
11.5

361.1
243.3
67.8

371.3
248.6
69.8

375.8
252.7
70.5

250.5
127.8
54.3

253.0
130.7
53.6

261.7
134.9
55.8

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

38.0
1.5
2.7
15.9
1.4

38.3
1.4
2.6
15.9
1.3

38.3
1.5
2.6
15.9
1.4

164.6
7.9
16.7
57.1
6.5

173.3
8.3
16.5
59.6
6.9

173.8
8.3
16.5
60.1
6.8

152.9
10.9
7.9
47.0
7.7

155.3
11.1
8.2
47.3
7.6

157.3
11.3
8.3
47.6
7.7

816.5
92.6
6.4
12.1
287.1
4.4
55.6
11.3
27.9
36.1
64.4
111.5
32.7
8.6
8.6
8.7
4.6

833.8
91.7
6.5
11.9
291.5
4.3
56.5
11.4
28.6
38.1
66.0
111.1
33.3
8.8
8.5
8.6
4.6

833.1
91.6
6.5
12.0
291.7
4.3
56.5
11.4
28.7
37.7
66.1
110.7
33.0
8.8
8.5
8.5
4.6

3,124.5
285.6
33.3
51.8
1,115.2
23.1
203.5
52.3
150.3
127.0
248.6
295.3
211.8
40.4
29.2
31.1
28.7

3,212.3
296.1
33.2
55.4
1,139.8
23.6
212.8
55.1
151.9
133.9
263.0
301.9
212.2
40.6
30.2
31.3
30.1

3,221.9
296.3
33.1
53.3
1,144.8
23.4
214.6
55.0
153.8
133.9
262.3
302.8
214.0
41.0
30.0
30.7
30.4

1,966.9
119.6
41.3
46.8
518.2
18.3
162.2
40.3
126.9
174.0
167.9
136.2
86.9
27.8
23.7
32.0
38.1

1,986.6
118.3
42.8
46.9
511.6
18.6
162.3
41.4
132.8
178.5
168.2
136.2
85.1
26.9
23.5
32.1
38.0

2,044.6
122.4
43.0
49.0
536.8
19.1
165.8
41.9
134.6
181.8
171.4
138.7
87.9
29.0
24.2
32.8
38.6

93.9
4.0
62.6

94.5
4.1
62.7

94.3
4.1
62.5

348.2
23.3
208.8

361.5
23.8
214.9

359.2
24.0
214.2

273.3
23.1
128.3

269.5
22.8
127.2

276.7
23.3
130.0

154.3
12.8
76.0
4.4
16.3
14.2
4.7

154.6
13.4
76.1
4.7
17.1
14.8
4.7

154.2
13.2
76.2
4.7
17.1
14.8
4.8

412.1
48.9
115.0
14.1
72.3
37.5
21.9

419.6
50.8
115.8
14.7
74.6
38.1
22.3

421.6
51.3
116.7
15.0
74.9
38.2
21.9

209.7
20.0
62.8
7.0
32.3
10.9
12.7

205.5
19.6
62.6
6.6
31.6
10.8
12.6

210.7
19.9
63.0
6.8
32.0
10.8
12.8

30.4
26.7

33.2
28.9

33.3
29.1

77.3
68.7

80.0
69.7

80.4
70.5

47.0
38.1

47.6
35.8

49.9
38.0

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

34.8
128.5

35.0
133.6

34.9
132.9

247.1
712.0

256.0
743.1

258.6
748.1

272.0
576.1

276.1
585.0

275.8
591.5

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Jacksonville
Melboume-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

365.9
6.4
39.7
8.1
39.3
5.7
71.4
33.5
5.6
8.5
4.9
65.9
28.4

377.5
6.2
40.1
8.8
40.3
5.9
73.2
34.3
5.6
8.5
5.0
66.4
29.0

378.2
6.3
40.2
8.8
40.2
5.8
73.2
34.3
5.6
8.5
5.0
66.3
29.3

1,420.0
32.8
131.4
33.3
105.1
46.7
235.1
161.6
32.4
33.5
24.0
241.8
103.4

1,475.7
34.0
134.8
34.7
109.4
48.0
244.7
172.1
33.2
34.8
24.4
251.6
108.9

1,487.5
34.1
135.5
35.2
109.6
48.1
246.0
172.6
33.0
35.3
24.5
253.7
111.4

794.9
19.2
61.8
17.4
60.3
21.6
117.0
60.1
29.6
13.9
48.4
105.9
44.8

820.3
20.0
64.8
18.3
61.8
23.0
120.7
61.3
29.6
14.4
49.3
108.5
45.4

834.7
20.6
65.7
18.6
62.0
23.0
121.1
62.1
30.2
14.5
51.0
109.8
46.2

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989?

2,918.0
66.8
1,431.1
159.2
95.2
122.7
105.8

2,939.6
64.7
1,449.3
159.1
95.0
123.2
106.0

2,951.2
67.2
1,453.5
159.9
94.7
123.5
106.5

(1)

(1)

Hawaii
Honolulu

480.0
379.2

488.9
384.4

496.5
391.6

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

Idaho
Boise City

362.4
95.5

375.6
98.1

377.9
99.1

(1)

(1)

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

5,134.8
145.1
60.8
89.3
3,145.8
156.0
52.1
99.1
33.2
202.0
141.7
131.4
100.5

5,192.0
146.0
64.2
90.5
3,172.5
157.8
52.7
99.2
34.1
208.7
143.4
131.4
100.9

5,202.3
148.3
64.3
91.6
3,185.8
158.4
52.8
99.5
34.2
209.1
143.9
131.9
101.3

20.9
(1)

20.7
(1)
1
()

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,447.7
49.8
57.1
104.7
130.9
194.9
233.0
636.0
66.1
53.3
117.4
55.1

2,492.3
50.5
60.3
106.5
133.4
199.9
243.6
653.7
69.7
52.2
120.8
55.6

2,493.1
51.0
60.6
106.7
133.4
200.8
242.9
656.1
69.8
52.8
121.0
55.9

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

1,184.6
90.1
217.9
42.7
52.6
65.2

1,202.6
91.4
220.8
43.1
53.5
66.2

1,209.8
92.2
223.0
43.6
53.5
67.0

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

1,047.5
89.3
238.6

1,062.5
90.5
243.9

1,068.9
90.3
244.8

10.2
(1)
2.2

(1)

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,388.5
195.3
455.1
34.5

1,405.4
198.9
457.8
34.2

1,416.3
201.7
464.0
34.8

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,515.7
45.5
223.2
54.2
86.5
55.0
521.0
131.4

1,522.1
45.5
223.3
53.2
86.0
54.3
518.5
127.3

1,524.8
45.4
224.0
53.6
87.6
54.6
521.5
125.8

530.0
41.7
132.0

536.3
41.6
136.9

536.0
42.6
138.2

Georgia
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.




Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

9.0
.2
1.5
.5
.1
.1

0)
0

2.3

1

O
(1)
0
0

2.2

8.5

28.0
21.7

4.0

16.8
5.4

17.9
5.0

17.7
5.0

20.5

222.3
7.6
1.9
2.7
139.7
4.9
2.6
6.0
1.2
10.4
6.2
4.8
3.1

220.7
8.4
2.5
2.8
143.8
5.1
2.7
6.0
1.3
12.6
6.2
4.7
3.0

220.4
8.5
2.5
2.7
143.6
5.1
2.7
6.0
1.3
12.5
6.3
4.7
3.1

120.9
1.5
2.6
3.0
7.8
10.1
13.7
34.2
3.3
2.2
5.8
2.3

127.5
1.8
3.6
3.2
7.6
10.6
17.5
37.3
4.0
2.3
7.7
2.5

127.3
1.7
3.6
3.1
7.8
10.7
17.5
37.7
4.0
2.3
7.3
2.6

2.2
.1

44.1
3.7
7.5
1.1
1.9
2.4

44.0
3.3
7.5
1.1
1.8
2.8

43.8
3.4
7.7
1.1
1.8
2.9

9.7

O
(1)
(1)

.9

0

2.2

01
()

.9

(1)
(1)
(1)
.3

.3

2.3
.1

2.2

8.4

2.2

(1)
(1)
.4

28.1
21.8

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
.9

01
()
0

23.7
18.6

8.4

2.2
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)

145.0
2.5
68.9
11.0
5.0
5.1
6.6

(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

()
(1)
(1)
(1)

Oct.
1989"

145.6
2.5
69.2
10.7
5.2
5.0
6.6

8.8
.1
1.3
.5
.1
.1

4.0

0

Sept.
1989

146.0
2.5
70.0
10.4
5.0
5.3
6.3

8.8
.1
1.4
.5
.1
.1

3.7

Oct.
1988

Oct.
1989?

2.3
.1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

2.0

2.2

43.8
3.4
10.4

43.9
3.4
10.0

44.7
3.6
9.8

35.7
.3
.9
.7

34.5
.2
1.2
.6

34.1
.2
1.3
.6

66.2
12.2
22.2
2.0

66.5
13.2
21.5
1.9

67.2
13.1
21.5
1.9

56.7
.2
1.0
5.9
11.5
.5
15.2
3.2

57.1
.2
1.0
6.0
11.4
.5
14.7
3.2

57.4
.2
1.0
5.9
11.6
.5
14.6
3.2

87.6
2.2
24.0
1.8
3.8
2.4
25.9
6.6

91.1
2.3
24.0
1.8
3.4
2.5
22.5
6.1

92.6
2.1
24.4
1.8
3.4
2.5
22.5
6.2

.2

36.7
2.5
9.4

35.4
2.4
9.7

34.5
2.3
9.7

9.8

.2

.2
(1)
(1)

(1)

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

v

r:E DEPT
ERIE COUMTV LM3RARY SYSTc
ERE, PA 16501
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
:ublic utilities

Manufacturing

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

573.1
15.1
180.9
36.4
20.5
19.2
17.7

566.4
14.8
175.8
35.8
20.7
19.3
17.6

566.5
14.9
176.3
36.1
20.5
19.2
17.7

185.4
1.7
122.0
4.4
3.5
5.2
9.8

185.9
2.0
120.9
4.4
3.7
5.3
10.2

186.8
1.9
121.4
4.4
3.5
5.3
10.4

756.2
14.6
406.4
35.0
21.2
28.5
26.4

758.5
14.5
413.8
35.0
20.9
28.0
25.9

759.8
14.7
414.6
35.3
20.8
28.2
26.0

Hawaii
Honolulu

22.5
16.6

21.8
16.0

21.7
16.0

38.1
31.3

40.2
33.1

40.3
33.1

127.2
99.3

129.6
101.1

130.4
101.9

Idaho
Boise City

61.0
13.4

64.1
15.0

63.8
15.3

19.5
5.3

19.5
5.3

19.4
5.2

89.4
24.2

93.2
24.4

93.5
24.4

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloornington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline...
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

974.7
38.1
6.3
8.3
567.2
32.0
13.5
18.9
5.3
43.7
34.2
46.1
3.8

981.7
38.4
8.6
9.0
561.9
32.9
13.7
19.3
5.6
44.4
35.8
45.8
3.6

980.7
38.2
8.6
9.1
562.9
32.9
13.7
19.3
5.6
44.4
35.8
45.7
3.6

302.9
3.1
2.7
2.4
190.8
8.0
5.0
8.4
1.1
7.2
7.1
5.0
4.9

305.5
3.0
2.7
2.4
191.7
8.1
5.1
8.3
1.3
7.2
7.1
5.0
5.0

306.6
3.0
2.7
2.4
192.0
8.1
5.1
8.4
1.3
7.2
7.1
5.0
5.0

1,269.2
39.1
13.1
20.3
780.2
42.8
11.7
22.8
8.3
56.2
33.8
28.7
22.5

1,292.1
40.3
13.2
20.0
787.8
43.4
11.6
22.8
8.5
59.1
33.9
28.7
22.4

1,298.9
40.5
13.3
20.2
790.7
43.5
11.5
22.8
8.5
59.4
33.9
28.8
22.4

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

640.8
17.3
10.3
57.1
31.1
52.9
56.9
106.7
12.6
11.1
23.5
10.1

636.3
17.5
11.0
57.0
31.4
52.7
58.2
108.9
13.4
9.0
23.4
10.3

632.0
17.3
11.1
57.0
31.1
52.2
58.0
108.4
13.3
9.1
23.2
10.3

126.2
1.5
1.7
2.9
6.6
12.8
15.6
39.1
1.9
2.4
5.4
3.0

130.7
1.5
1.8
3.0
6.6
13.4
16.1
41.5
2.0
2.4
5.5
3.3

130.3
1.5
1.8
3.0
6.7
13.6
16.1
41.4
2.0
2.4
5.6
3.3

579.0
11.4
12.8
18.9
34.2
48.2
55.1
163.7
13.3
13.0
30.6
15.0

588.5
11.8
13.2
19.3
34.6
49.1
58.6
168.0
13.6
13.3
31.2
15.1

588.7
11.7
13.1
19.4
34.8
49.9
57.7
169.2
13.8
13.5
31.4
15.0

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

231.4
23.6
26.1
12.1
10.1
15.1

236.8
23.9
26.5
12.5
10.8
15.4

237.0
23.8
26.9
12.4
10.8
15.2

55.6
5.4
12.6
1.8
3.2
1.8

56.1
5.5
12.7
1.9
3.5
1.9

56.1
5.4
12.8
1.9
3.3
1.9

298.8
21.5
56.8
10.1
13.7
15.4

310.5
21.7
57.6
10.3
13.8
15.7

308.4
21.8
57.7
10.2
13.7
15.8

Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

182.2
8.5
62.0

183.9
8.8
64.2

184.6
8.6
64.4

64.9
6.7
10.8

65.9
6.6
11.8

66.0
6.5
11.7

261.1
21.4
55.0

260.9
21.8
54.7

261.6
21.8
54.9

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

276.8
32.0
87.9
6.1

277.3
34.8
83.5
6.3

282.4
34.9
87.6
6.4

74.5
8.4
28.9
2.1

75.3
8.4
29.1
2.0

75.8
8.4
29.3
2.1

332.8
43.2
113.0
8.8

335.3
43.4
111.6
8.6

338.3
44.6
111.3
8.8

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

173.1
3.2
19.2
4.9
7.1
7.5
42.8
18.1

173.2
3.4
19.7
4.4
7.2
7.1
43.8
17.8

172.8
3.4
19.8
4.5
7.8
7.2
43.8
16.0

108.4
2.1
10.5
6.2
6.1
2.9
44.6
8.1

109.2
2.1
10.3
6.2
6.0
2.9
43.6
7.9

109.3
2.1
10.3
6.0
6.2
2.8
43.4
7.9

361.7
11.0
53.8
13.8
23.3
14.0
135.2
32.0

361.5
10.6
53.4
13.8
23.9
13.5
134.8
31.3

362.8
10.5
53.6
13.8
24.2
13.7
135.4
31.1

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

109.8
10.4
17.6

108.1
9.9
17.2

108.1
9.8
18.0

21.7
1.5
5.2

20.5
1.4
4.6

20.5
1.4
4.6

127.6
10.5
39.7

132.7
10.9
42.2

130.9
11.5
42.7

Georgia
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Wamer Robins
Savannah

See footnotes at end of table.




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

163.1
2.0
104.1
5.7
6.5
7.6
4.6

163.3
1.9
105.0
5.5
6.6
8.0
4.5

162.7
1.9
104.9
5.4
6.6
7.9
4.5

581.9
10.7
340.7
32.9
17.5
23.2
24.9

600.8
10.3
356.7
33.4
17.2
23.1
24.8

601.2
10.6
355.7
33.1
17.4
23.4
24.8

503.4
20.1
205.5
33.9
20.7
33.5
16.1

510.4
18.6
206.5
33.9
20.7
34.4
16.4

520.5
20.5
210.4
34.1
20.9
34.3
16.5

Hawaii
Honolulu

34.9
29.4

36.0
30.1

36.0
30.2

134.4
100.9

138.5
104.1

139.6
104.9

99.2
83.1

94.7
78.2

100.5
83.8

Idaho
Boise City

19.6
7.9

19.5
7.9

19.5
7.9

73.7
21.3

78.4
22.3

78.0
22.4

78.7
18.0

79.0
18.2

82.0
18.9

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

369.2
8.5
10.0
3.4
271.0
8.2
2.2
3.8
1.5
7.0
7.3
5.3
8.0

374.5
8.6
10.0
3.5
272.7
8.3
2.1
3.7
1.5
7.0
7.6
5.4
8.2

374.6
8.6
10.0
3.5
272.2
8.3
2.1
3.7
1.5
7.0
7.6
5.4
8.2

1,238.5
32.8
13.2
16.4
827.1
33.0
11.4
21.8
9.1
45.3
36.5
29.4
25.2

1,256.8
33.9
13.5
16.7
845.8
33.2
11.9
21.9
9.3
47.0
36.6
30.0
25.5

1,259.8
34.0
13.3
17.0
849.6
33.2
12.0
21.9
9.3
46.6
36.7
30.2
25.6

737.1
15.8
13.6
35.8
367.5
27.1
5.7
17.1
6.7
31.8
16.6
12.1
32.9

740.0
13.4
13.7
36.1
366.6
26.8
5.6
17.2
6.6
31.4
16.2
11.8
33.2

740.8
15.5
13.9
36.7
372.6
27.3
5.7
17.4
6.7
32.0
16.5
12.1
33.4

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

119.9
1.7
2.0
2.7
5.2
12.4
8.4
48.6
3.1
1.7
6.0
2.0

125.2
1.7
2.4
3.0
5.3
13.1
8.5
49.4
3.2
1.7
6.4
2.0

124.8
1.6
2.4
3.0
5.4
13.1
8.5
49.3
3.3
1.7
6.4
2.0

482.7
10.2
8.8
14.2
30.9
40.0
51.4
147.4
10.7
11.1
34.3
11.3

505.7
10.4
9.8
14.7
32.8
42.8
53.1
151.8
12.0
11.7
36.0
11.6

504.7
10.4
9.5
14.9
32.6
42.6
53.1
152.0
11.9
11.6
36.1
11.7

369.7
6.2
18.9
5.9
12.9
18.6
31.9
95.4
21.1
11.9
11.7
11.1

370.0
6.0
18.6
6.1
12.9
18.1
31.6
96.0
21.4
11.7
10.7
10.4

377.0
6.7
19.1
6.3
12.9
18.6
32.0
97.3
21.6
12.3
11.0
10.8

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

66.8
4.8
29.8
1.4
2.5
2.9

68.6
5.0
31.2
1.5
2.6
2.9

68.3
5.1
30.9
1.5
2.6
2.9

269.0
21.4
54.7
12.7
14.6
14.8

274.4
22.4
56.3
12.4
14.6
14.7

276.4
22.6
56.5
13.0
14.8
15.1

216.6
9.6
30.2
3.4
6.6
12.7

209.9
9.6
28.8
3.3
6.4
12.7

217.6
10.1
30.3
3.4
6.5
13.1

Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

58.2
6.5
10.9

58.7
6.7
10.8

58.8
6.7
10.7

216.4
21.0
58.1

224.6
21.0
60.4

224.5
20.9
60.5

210.7
21.7
29.2

214.8
22.1
30.0

219.0
22.1
30.6

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

58.3
9.3
26.3
1.4

59.0
9.3
26.3
1.4

59.0
9.4
26.0
1.3

297.8
43.3
113.7
8.0

304.9
42.8
120.9
8.0

307.3
43.2
122.1
8.1

246.4
46.6
62.2
5.4

252.6
46.8
63.7
5.4

252.2
47.9
64.9
5.6

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

82.0
2.5
13.9
2.2
3.5
4.3
33.9
6.4

79.5
2.5
13.6
2.0
3.5
4.2
32.7
6.0

79.0
2.5
13.6
2.0
3.4
4.1
32.6
6.0

330.5
11.5
45.9
9.0
18.4
11.9
138.8
31.8

333.0
11.6
46.6
9.4
18.4
12.1
141.0
30.9

334.7
11.7
46.3
9.3
18.5
12.3
142.6
30.7

315.7
12.8
54.9
10.4
12.8
11.5
84.6
25.2

317.5
12.8
54.7
9.6
12.2
11.5
85.4
24.1

316.2
12.9
55.0
10.3
12.5
11.5
86.6
24.7

Maine
Lewiston-Aubum
Portland

25.5
2.2
12.1

25.5
2.2
11.9

25.4
2.3
11.9

114.6
10.6
31.5

119.9
10.8
35.0

118.5
11.2
34.5

93.9
4.0
16.5

94.0
4.0
16.2

97.9
4.1
16.8

Georgia
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

See footnotes at end of table.


66


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

2,120.0
1,128.7
473.4
760.5

2,133.6
1,133.7
475.5
770.1

2,148.5
1,141.4
478.0
775.7

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,155.4
1,775.4
75.3
56.7
41.7
166.8
110.3
69.4
43.2
244.5
211.4

3,119.6
1,744.5
75.3
56.1
41.6
166.4
110.0
69.5
43.4
241.2
213.9

3,141.0
1,754.3
75.3
56.1
41.5
166.4
110.7
69.1
43.9
244.4
216.0

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

3,872.7
176.6
59.4
66.7
1,918.4
164.1
338.8
53.9
111.2
217.2
58.8
158.2

3,875.5
174.6
60.1
66.5
1,951.5
172.9
345.1
54.7
112.2
210.2
58.3
162.8

3,920.1
178.7
60.1
67.5
1,956.9
170.5
347.0
55.4
113.7
220.8
58.6
162.6

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,068.3
92.9
1,345.0
61.7
74.2

2,107.2
93.5
1,372.4
64.2
74.1

2,119.6
93.7
1,380.5
63.6
76.5

909.0
183.2

921.5
186.8

925.4
188.2

6.3
.9

2,270.6
762.8
1,153.1
114.8

2,287.7
775.2
1,164.7
115.8

2,295.8
776.1
1,171.3
116.5

Montana

284.4

287.1

287.2

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

698.2
119.9
312.4

716.0
123.7
321.2

723.5
125.0
324.3

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

555.4
317.0
141.3

584.5
335.5
146.4

585.8
337.9
146.3

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester...

539.6
86.8
97.0
114.9

535.5
85.2
94.2
113.5

536.6
85.1
94.4
113.8

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

3,686.9
170.6
682.1
441.5
250.0
538.1
329.3
964.2
200.0
58.2

3,693.9
182.6
686.2
442.8
251.8
543.0
340.9
966.0
198.9
59.2

3,713.8
173.9
693.4
448.4
253.9
550.1
340.0
973.3
200.4
59.6

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

See footnotes at end of table.




Oct.
1988

Oct.
1989P

1.7
.3

1.7
.3

1.7
.3

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

167.0
78.3
20.5
69.4

167.5
79.0
20.6
69.1

167.6
79.6
20.7
69.2

150.1
76.1
4.4
3.5
2.8
7.9
6.1
3.7
2.9
10.9
11.3

142.1
74.2
4.8
3.8
2.7
8.0
6.5
4.1
2.9
11.0
11.0

138.6
72.0
4.7
3.5
2.7
7.6
6.4
4.0
2.9
11.0
10.7

147.9
7.2
2.1
1.7
70.2
5.7
18.1
1.7
3.8
7.4
2.6
8.0

148.4
6.0
2.3
1.7
70.7
6.0
18.3
1.8
4.0
7.1
2.7
8.5

149.1
6.1
2.3
1.7
70.5
6.2
18.1
1.7
4.0
6.9
2.6
8.7

7.8
5.2

88.1
3.9
58.0
2.3
4.0

91.3
3.7
60.3
2.5
4.2

89.9
3.8
59.4
2.5
4.6

5.9
.9

5.9
.9

37.6
8.7

36.1
8.4

36.0
8.3

5.3
.5
3.3
.1

5.4
.5
3.3
.1

5.3
.5
3.2
.1

99.5
34.7
56.9
4.7

96.9
34.4
56.2
4.7

97.7
34.7
56.5
4.6

6.3

6.3

6.3

9.8

10.2

10.2

1.9
.2

26.3
4.3
12.6

27.5
4.1
12.6

28.0
4.2
13.1

13.3
.2
1.5

40.6
25.0
8.5

45.7
28.9
9.2

46.1
29.1
9.3

.7

38.2
6.5
4.8
6.4

34.6
6.3
4.3
5.6

33.7
6.1
4.1
5.6

184.0
10.3
34.5
25.4
7.3
25.6
21.8
41.6
5.8
2.3

183.0
12.2
35.5
25.8
7.8
26.2
24.1
42.6
6.4
2.4

183.8
12.3
35.8
26.2
7.9
26.3
24.0
43.0
6.3
2.3

1

0

(1)

()

.5

.5

.5

1.8
1.0

1.4
1.1

1.4
1.1

.1

9
(11)
() .1

0

(1)
(i)

(1)
0

( )
(1)

.2

0

Oct.
1988

.1
.1
.1
10.7

(1)
(1)
(1)

.8
(1)

(1)

0

.1
.1
.1

10.5
(1)
()

0

.8

9

9
(1)

(ij

o1

(1)

(1)

9
i1)
D

7.8
5.2

7.4
4.9
(1)

(1)

(1)

9

(1)

1.9

1.5
(1)

(1)
.2

.2

11.7
.2
1.4

13.3
.2
1.5

.1
.2

0

2.4
(1)

.1
.1

.1
.1

.7
(1)

O

.6

(1)

0
.4

.2
.1

.7

.7
(1)

2.4

.2
.1

.6

.1
.1

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

2.5
(1)

(1)

0

.7

.7
(1)

10.4

9
(1) .8
(1)

i1)
()

(1)
(1)
(1)

.1
.1
.1

.7
(1)

.4

.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989?

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

210.7
133.4
45.3
35.9

206.1
129.9
45.6
36.7

206.0
130.2
45.2
36.8

97.0
55.0
28.0
29.5

97.0
56.3
28.1
28.6

96.9
55.9
28.2
29.6

535.8
277.1
97.3
201.1

541.7
278.8
96.2
204.0

543.4
279.3
96.8
204.7

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

584.8
271.0
11.0
15.5
12.1
50.1
36.3
18.9
10.8
51.3
45.0

562.8
261.2
10.7
14.7
12.1
46.9
34.7
17.7
10.9
48.4
45.9

562.4
260.0
10.6
14.7
12.1
46.4
34.6
17.6
10.9
49.1
45.9

135.6
77.6
5.3
2.0
1.5
7.1
4.9
3.1
1.2
10.1
9.7

125.4
70.4
4.6
1.6
1.5
6.8
5.6
2.9
1.0
9.9
8.9

125.2
70.2
4.6
1.7
1.4
6.8
5.6
2.9
.9
10.0
9.1

735.1
391.0
22.7
14.8
10.5
37.5
23.9
16.4
10.3
58.3
51.0

735.7
381.4
22.9
14.6
10.3
38.5
24.0
16.8
10.5
59.3
51.7

736.2
383.5
23.1
14.8
10.5
38.9
24.5
16.8
10.9
59.4
52.2

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

955.8
38.1
15.5
22.3
464.0
48.9
99.9
13.8
30.6
33.7
17.2
44.9

948.5
34.9
15.6
21.7
469.0
51.3
100.9
13.9
30.2
31.1
16.1
43.9

942.3
35.0
15.3
21.6
468.6
47.3
100.4
13.8
30.2
31.8
16.3
43.4

155.9
4.3
1.8
2.4
87.7
4.2
12.0
4.2
3.2
5.4
2.4
6.9

156.8
4.0
1.8
2.5
88.6
4.2
12.3
4.2
3.4
5.5
2.4
7.1

155.0
4.0
1.7
2.4
88.1
4.0
12.2
4.2
3.4
5.6
2.4
7.1

901.7
31.8
12.3
14.3
450.2
43.8
88.7
12.1
25.2
45.7
13.6
36.3

919.7
34.8
12.5
14.9
464.4
46.5
92.0
12.6
26.5
47.4
14.0
37.4

929.0
35.0
12.8
15.0
466.5
47.0
92.5
12.6
27.0
49.0
14.0
37.8

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

399.3
7.9
265.9
11.2
13.5

405.8
8.1
267.6
12.1
13.6

400.6
8.1
266.7
11.9
13.5

104.3
5.8
71.7
1.8
3.7

107.6
6.0
74.1
1.8
4.0

107.9
6.0
74.5
1.8
3.8

515.4
22.9
334.6
12.7
21.4

528.3
23.5
340.9
13.0
22.7

523.2
23.4
338.1
12.9
23.0

Mississippi
Jackson

240.3
21.1

242.9
21.1

242.9
21.2

45.1
13.4

45.2
13.4

46.0
13.5

193.0
43.0

197.9
44.2

198.5
44.8

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

429.0
110.7
222.6
21.8

433.0
111.0
226.7
21.1

431.8
110.8
226.5
21.0

148.3
62.3
74.6
7.1

149.8
63.6
75.1
7.4

148.7
62.7
74.9
7.3

559.7
200.1
279.8
32.2

560.9
200.0
280.9
32.6

561.1
200.6
283.5
32.6

Montana

22.0

22.1

21.9

19.6

19.7

19.5

73.7

75.1

74.5

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

96.9
14.8
35.5

99.6
15.3
36.2

100.7
15.3
36.1

46.0
6.5
24.9

48.2
6.9
26.3

48.8
7.0
26.7

179.7
27.2
78.3

182.7
27.6
79.0

184.4
27.9
79.5

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

25.5
9.9
8.6

26.3
10.5
9.0

26.3
10.6
8.9

29.5
16.6
9.4

31.1
17.6
9.8

31.3
17.9
9.8

111.8
65.2
32.6

119.1
69.8
34.1

119.3
70.1
34.3

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester....

119.4
11.9
36.4
20.8

116.4
11.2
35.3
20.2

116.4
11.1
35.4
20.0

18.1
5.4
2.8
3.1

16.6
4.5
2.6
2.9

16.5
4.5
2.6
3.0

138.5
24.1
22.3
30.2

138.4
23.2
21.6
30.3

139.9
23.5
21.6
30.3

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

668.5
8.5
158.6
74.1
46.4
116.3
29.2
175.7
31.6
15.4

664.6
8.6
155.9
73.3
46.2
116.1
29.6
172.4
30.6
15.7

660.4
8.6
155.2
73.6
46.7
115.3
29.7
169.2
30.6
15.7

247.2
6.7
28.3
19.8
33.7
44.0
18.3
79.6
6.8
2.3

245.3
6.5
28.1
20.1
34.3
45.4
19.3
78.5
6.8
2.3

246.0
6.5
28.4
20.3
34.6
45.5
19.1
79.3
6.7
2.3

881.5
36.5
195.0
119.4
63.1
129.1
89.0
197.7
32.0
11.8

880.6
43.4
194.1
118.6
63.3
129.1
89.4
197.0
32.7
12.5

885.5
38.1
197.4
120.4
64.1
132.8
89.7
200.1
32.8
12.6

See footnotes at end of table.




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

130.9
77.7
45.9
44.1

133.6
78.9
46.0
46.0

133.5
78.7
45.9
46.0

568.5
298.4
145.2
219.6

583.0
306.2
148.3
223.2

583.2
306.5
149.4
223.5

408.4
208.5
91.2
160.4

403.0
204.3
90.7

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

226.0
155.9
3.4
3.3

234.8
159.5
3.4
3.6
1.7

232.7
159.1
3.4
3.6
1.7
7.1
4.0
2.6
2.0
15.3

913.5
593.4
16.1
10.8
8.4
35.7
21.2
14.3
11.0
59.8
54.7

921.0
595.0
16.4
11.0
8.7
38.0
21.7
14.7
11.3
60.4
56.0

937.5
602.9
16.3
11.0
8.5
38.3
21.8
14.7
11.4
61.6
57.6

408.5
209.4
12.4
6.8
4.7
21.8
13.7

396.4

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

185.2
4.7
3.5
2.5
109.2

867.3
36.3
12.2
14.8
486.3
31.9
71.1
10.0
24.7
41.2
12.5
34.4

891.3
39.6
12.2
14.4
499.0
33.7
72.7
10.4
24.6
42.6
12.5
37.4

898.0
39.6
12.4
15.0
499.7
34.3
73.8
10.4
24.6
43.2
12.5
38.1

648.2
54.0
11.9
8.7
250.0
23.5
33.4
9.9
18.8
70.8
9.1
21.3

611.1
50.3
12.0
8.7

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

526.7
22.9
358.2
27.0
16.5

528.3
23.0
358.7
26.4
16.7

331.1
22.1
180.5
6.3
13.5

316.6
20.9
174.3
6.2
10.9

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

1.7
6.7
4.0
2.6
2.0
15.5

14.7

7.1
4.1

2.6
2.1
15.7
16.0

15.7

10.4
4.9
38.5
24.9

109.2
6.2

12.6

1.4
6.3

1.4
6.4

1.4
6.5

119.6
3.2

123.1
3.2

122.8
3.2

93.3
1.5
2.3

96.4

96.1

1.6
2.2

1.6
2.2

503.0
22.3
340.2
25.8
15.9

39.0
14.6

39.4
14.9

39.2
14.9

147.7
41.2

152.0
42.5

152.6
43.0

200.1
40.2

202.1
41.4

135.6

137.1
58.5
75.5
5.3

136.6
58.5
75.2
5.4

533.9

542.6
189.0
304.1
29.8

543.7
188.5
306.0
30.0

359.3

297.6
29.0

14.7

362.0
118.2
142.9
14.8

67.1

69.3

69.1

72.5

70.8

159.9
27.3
85.0

168.1
29.7
90.9

169.2
30.1
91.5

139.7
31.4
47.0

138.8
31.8
46.2

250.8
155.4
58.4

249.7
155.8
57.7

69.5
35.4
17.3

71.3
36.1
17.2
71.1
8.9
7.1

5.9
15.3
2.0

4.9

58.0
75.4
5.2

188.2
4.8
3.5
2.5

16.1
2.0
5.1
13.0

181.3

115.2
142.9

13.4

13.6

13.4

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

48.2
8.4

49.2
8.3
29.8

48.9
8.3

28.9

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

25.2
15.7
7.0

26.9
17.0
7.2

26.8
17.1
7.1

241.6

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester

32.0
8.1
3.7
7.0

33.2
8.4
3.6
7.2

32.8
8.4
3.4
7.2

121.3
22.0
19.9
21.3

124.5
22.7
19.6
22.3

123.9
22.4
19.8
21.7

71.4
8.8
7.0
25.9

236.9
7.6
39.5
25.0
13.5
38.4
18.6

242.3
7.8
41.6

242.2
7.6
41.6
26.4
14.0
38.7
19.0

911.9
76.3
157.0
105.1
44.3
111.2
90.8

932.2
75.7

80.7
10.1
3.5

252.2
58.2
10.7

932.3
78.4
162.9
107.9
44.8
115.2
97.2
257.5
57.7
11.0

554.5
24.6
69.1
72.6
41.7
72.9
61.5
137.8
55.9
11.8

See footnotes at end of table.




201.7
12.5
6.8
4.6
21.1
13.3
10.7
4.6
36.4
24.3

189.2
4.9
3.6
2.5
110.0
6.1
15.9
2.0
5.1
13.1

Montana

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

162.0

78.9

9.7
3.5

26.2
13.9
38.9
19.3
81.0
10.2
3.5

29.7

149.0
56.5

164.3
107.6
44.8
115.6
95.0
259.4
59.2
11.1

249.1
25.2
32.8
9.6
18.4
62.9
9.1
21.9

24.9
543.3
25.6
67.9
70.8
41.5
71.4
61.9
136.3
54.5
11.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Constructior

Mining

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989?

Oct.
1988

Oct.
1989P

Sept.
1989

549.7
238.6
41.6
55.4

561.5
242.9
42.6
57.0

562.2
242.3
43.2
56.9

15.4
.1
.1
.1

15.9
.1
.1
.1

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

8,275.7
420.9
125.3
453.1
40.8
1,157.1
4,160.2
3,623.9
84.3
107.0
122.1
491.7
100.4
310.3
127.5
417.4

8,246.3
424.4
122.8
455.7
41.2
1,139.9
4,122.2
3,592.6
85.0
106.0
121.4
488.7
100.0
308.9
127.8
410.9

8,310.8
428.1
123.9
459.0
41.9
1,147.2
4,151.3
3,617.5
86.0
107.4
122.9
498.2
100.8
312.2
128.7
414.3

6.4
.6

6.0
.5

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

3,021.2
81.6
600.2
487.5
401.8

3,050.7
83.2
611.2
480.6
404.1

261.7
38.3
75.0
31.3

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

O

0
.3

.2

0

.9

0)

30.5
15.0
2.3
2.7

6.0
.5

.2
.2
.2

363.6
21.8
6.3
19.2
1.9
63.2
158.7
124.6
3.6
6.3
7.4
20.4
4.8
15.9
4.3
27.8

373.2
23.1
6.2
19.2
2.0
62.5
162.1
127.7
3.9
6.3
8.2
21.9
4.9
17.1
4.7
27.9

371.6
23.1
6.2
19.0
2.0
61.9
161.8
127.3
4.0
6.2
8.0
22.0
4.8
17.1
4.6
28.0

5.0
.1
.4
.3
.3

169.2
4.3
37.1
25.0
22.4

163.1
4.5
37.4
23.9
21.6

163.7
4.5
36.9
24.2
21.9

4.0
.2

11.5
1.7
3.8
1.6

12.0
1.8
4.0
1.6

11.9
1.7
4.0
1.5

0)
.2
.2
.9
.4

.8

.7
(1)

(1)

30.4
15.0
2.3
2.6

O
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

Oct.
1989P

30.8
15.3
2.2
2.8

.2
.9
.4

.2
1.0
.5

Sept.
1989

16.1
.1
.1
.1

(1)

(1)

(1)

Oct.
1988

O

.2
.2
.2

.2
.2
.2

3,073.9
83.6
614.1
484.6
409.9

4.9
.1
.4
.3
.4

5.0
.1
.4
.3
.3

263.5
39.7
75.4
30.7

266.0
39.6
77.6
32.0

4.3
.2

4.1
.2

4,757.7
277.2
162.2
712.4
917.1
691.7
445.0
291.3
198.0

4,855.2
286.8
166.5
744.5
935.7
707.0
457.2
298.0
202.4

4,871.1
287.2
162.8
745.7
938.8
714.3
459.1
299.6
203.3

19.8
.7
.9
.5
1.1
1.0
.4
.3
.8

20.2
.8
1.0
.5
1.1
1.0
.5
.3
.7

20.2
.8
1.0
.5
1.1
1.0
.5
.3
.7

203.0
10.9
6.9
34.3
30.0
31.1
19.9
11.9
8.6

217.3
11.7
7.5
37.1
31.2
34.2
21.9
13.6
9.7

218.1
11.8
7.6
37.5
31.0
33.8
21.8
13.8
9.6

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,143.9
21.1
33.1
411.3
300.0

1,139.5
21.2
34.1
408.3
304.7

1,146.1
21.2
34.9
410.4
306.0

44.5
1.1
.3
11.1
14.2

43.9
1.0
.3
10.3
14.8

44.4
1.0
.3
10.3
14.9

34.6
.7
1.1
12.5
9.8

35.2
.7
1.1
11.6
8.9

35.3
.7
1.1
11.7
9.0

Oregon

1,187.2
113.1
590.6
106.0

1,215.4
114.5
608.6
108.0

1,223.5
117.8
611.6
108.0

1.5
.2
.5
.1

1.7
.2
.5
.1

1.7
.2
.5
.1

42.7
3.8
22.6
3.8

47.1
4.6
25.4
4.3

46.9
4.5
25.5
4.1

5,101.2
281.8
52.0
49.8
115.5
303.1
80.1
188.0
2,189.3
782.9
880.6

5,120.4
282.4
53.1
49.2
117.8
307.0
80.1
188.6
2,172.9
781.3
890.6

5,154.8
284.3
52.8
49.7
118.2
307.7
80.5
190.9
2,192.3
785.2
896.6

29.3
.6
()

28.4
.6
()

28.1
.6
()

0)

0)

0

250.3
14.7
2.5
2.0
3.7
13.8
3.0
11.8
109.1
18.6
41.8

258.4
14.3
2.4
1.5
4.1
14.5
3.0
12.2
109.2
18.1
42.4

256.9
14.3
2.4
1.6
4.0
14.5
3.0
12.2
108.9
18.4
42.2

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.


70


0)
0)

0
0)

1

0

1

.2
.3
3.1
.4
1.0

()
(1)

1

.2
.3
3.1
.4
1.0

(1)
4.7

4.5

1

0)

.2
.3
3.1
.4
1.0
4.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
Ijublic utilities>

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989?

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

41.2
20.5
4.0
1.6

42.3
20.8
3.9
1.7

42.3
20.7
3.9
1.7

29.2
12.7
1.4
1.1

28.8
13.1
1.3
1.1

28.9
13.1
1.3
1.1

132.6
61.1
9.0
10.8

136.7
62.4
9.3
11.4

135.3
61.7
9.4
11.1

1,216.8
47.7
38.4
78.1
8.6
168.2
451.6
369.4
24.1
15.4
30.4
138.3
15.4
53.8
25.4
65.0

1,194.5
47.2
36.2
77.9
9.1
161.7
442.2
362.3
23.8
15.0
30.3
136.7
15.2
53.4
24.4
62.9

1,191.8
47.4
36.2
77.3
9.1
161.0
441.8
361.1
23.9
15.0
30.4
137.0
15.3
52.7
24.6
63.7

415.0
16.5
4.4
21.7
1.4
49.6
245.2
219.3
4.0
6.2
3.7
14.9
4.7
18.7
4.3
20.5

379.0
15.2
4.1
20.0
1.1
43.9
219.8
197.1
4.1
6.0
3.4
14.9
4.1
18.0
3.7
17.9

380.3
15.4
4.1
20.0
1.1
44.3
221.3
198.4
4.0
6.1
3.5
15.0
4.1
18.0
3.7
18.1

1,739.4
91.9
26.7
111.4
10.6
310.6
768.3
641.6
19.5
28.7
22.7
102.7
23.6
73.3
27.2
98.6

1,739.1
93.7
27.1
114.8
10.6
310.1
761.6
635.9
19.9
28.4
22.4
104.2
24.3
73.8
27.5
96.8

1,744.0
94.8
27.2
115.7
10.7
308.5
769.2
642.5
19.9
28.6
22.5
105.3
24.4
74.7
27.9
97.6

872.3
19.2
155.6
152.9
60.0

871.8
19.3
156.1
148.1
62.9

872.4
19.4
156.2
148.0
63.4

149.8
3.8
49.1
27.0
17.5

152.1
4.0
48.3
26.6
17.2

153.1
4.0
48.4
26.8
17.6

690.7
19.6
146.8
111.6
85.3

701.1
20.0
150.5
111.9
84.9

706.0
20.1
151.2
112.1
86.1

17.1
2.2
5.2
1.6

16.7
2.2
5.4
1.6

16.7
2.2
5.4
1.6

17.3
2.7
4.8
1.7

17.2
2.7
5.0
1.7

17.4
2.8
5.0
1.7

68.3
9.9
21.7
8.9

69.9
10.5
22.2
9.1

69.8
10.4
22.3
9.3

1,110.3
65.4
45.3
145.3
203.7
103.9
104.8
62.8
51.7

1,113.3
66.0
45.6
149.6
204.4
104.3
104.5
61.3
49.7

1,101.8
66.1
40.7
149.7
204.4
103.2
103.7
60.3
49.6

215.0
13.1
5.9
39.3
42.1
30.4
17.1
13.4
7.8

217.3
13.5
6.2
41.7
41.8
31.3
17.9
13.5
7.9

217.8
13.5
6.2
42.0
42.0
31.5
18.1
13.5
8.0

1,150.3
69.4
40.2
183.5
223.4
176.7
101.2
71.4
50.9

1,183.8
72.0
42.0
191.5
228.3
183.2
104.1
74.9
52.8

1,189.2
72.1
42.1
193.0
228.8
184.5
104.7
75.4
53.0

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

164.5
1.5
3.6
49.1
49.9

164.0
1.5
3.8
49.4
50.1

164.3
1.5
3.8
49.4
50.1

62.1
2.2
1.3
19.6
23.2

62.2
2.1
1.3
20.2
24.5

61.9
2.1
1.3
20.1
24.4

276.2
6.0
8.3
101.5
70.3

275.2
6.0
8.3
101.1
71.0

277.1
6.0
8.5
102.2
71.5

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

220.6
21.2
99.1
18.1

226.8
21.3
102.8
18.8

222.4
21.0
100.2
17.8

61.9
4.3
36.2
3.0

64.9
4.5
37.2
3.0

64.4
4.5
37.3
3.0

301.2
28.2
154.8
23.1

314.6
29.0
161.8
24.1

314.2
29.5
161.8
23.8

1,059.4
78.0
11.0
9.5
35.7
52.1
13.4
59.8
368.5
93.5
124.9

1,049.1
76.6
10.9
9.4
35.8
51.6
12.8
58.7
363.4
91.3
126.9

1,047.6
76.4
10.6
9.4
35.8
51.4
12.8
58.5
364.1
91.2
126.5

255.6
14.5
4.6
5.0
3.7
18.7
5.3
7.7
101.5
43.9
47.9

253.5
14.1
4.6
4.9
3.5
18.6
5.2
7.6
103.9
42.1
47.9

254.9
14.1
4.6
4.9
3.5
18.8
5.2
7.6
103.9
41.9
48.5

1,160.4
61.6
13.7
11.6
25.4
68.2
17.5
45.2
510.0
154.2
225.4

1,154.9
61.6
14.1
11.5
27.1
67.8
18.2
46.2
502.4
155.5
227.1

1,161.6
62.1
14.1
11.4
26.9
68.4
18.2
46.5
509.6
156.3
227.8

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.




71

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultura! payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989?

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989?

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

27.1
15.0
1.7
1.9

27.6
15.3
1.8
1.9

27.7
15.2
1.8
2.0

128.6
66.2
6.6
14.8

134.2
67.5
7.0
15.2

133.4
67.6
6.9
15.0

144.8
47.7
16.6
22.3

145.6
48.7
16.9
23.0

148.0
48.9
17.6
23.2

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

796.6
24.4
4.3
28.2
1.4
79.2
574.4
539.5
2.0
4.6
4.9
23.0
5.2
20.2
7.3
29.0

802.8
25.4
4.4
29.3
1.4
79.8
570.7
535.1
2.1
4.7
5.1
23.0
5.4
20.3
7.6
29.5

801.7
25.5
4.4
29.2
1.4
79.6
568.9
533.5
2.1
4.7
5.1
22.9
5.3
20.3
7.6
29.4

2,295.1
105.2
23.4
118.2
10.0
300.8
1,287.3
1,136.7
18.0
22.3
28.7
123.9
25.6
75.9
28.2
119.9

2,343.4
108.0
24.1
119.9
10.1
305.8
1,299.5
1,147.3
18.3
23.0
28.4
122.4
25.8
76.5
28.8
121.4

2,356.9
108.0
24.1
121.2
10.3
306.7
1,309.1
1,157.3
18.6
22.9
28.8
125.9
25.7
77.9
28.9
121.1

1,442.8
112.7
21.8
76.0
6.9
185.3
673.8
592.2
12.8
23.4
24.4
67.8
21.1
52.2
30.6
56.5

1,408.3
111.3
20.6
74.4
6.9
175.8
665.4
586.9
12.8
22.6
23.6
64.9
20.3
49.5
30.9
54.2

1,458.5
113.3
21.6
76.4
7,3
184.9
678.3
597.0
13.2
23.8
24.6
69.4
21.1
51.4
31.3
56.1

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

131.4
2.7
37.1
24.5
23.3

133.9
2.7
37.8
25.0
23.4

133.4
2.6
37.7
25.1
23.6

537.0
19.8
109.3
91.3
101.4

556.8
20.8
112.8
91.5
103.2

561.9
20.9
114.3
92.5
103.8

465.9
12.1
64.8
54.9
91.5

466.9
11.8
67.9
53.3
90.6

478.4
12.0
69.0
55.6
93.2

12.2
1.6
4.4
1.1

12.2
1.5
4.5
1.1

12.2
1.5
4.5
1.1

64.9
11.4
20.6
6.8

66.6
12.0
20.2
6.9

67.0
12.0
21.5
6.9

66.1
8.6
14.5
9.6

64.8
8.8
14.1
8.7

67.0
8.8
14.9
9.9

252.1
10.7
6.4
42.6
57.7
58.7
18.2
12.5
8.3

257.8
11.0
6.4
44.0
59.5
60.5
18.8
12.6
8.3

257.4
11.0
6.4
43.9
59.4
60.5
18.6
12.7
8.3

1,105.1
61.9
37.5
177.6
243.7
164.8
109.5
74.5
46.1

1,160.2
67.0
39.1
191.2
254.5
173.7
114.4
79.0
50.1

1,154.9
65.7
39.4
188.5
254.4
173.8
115.1
78.9
49.3

702.2
45.1
19.2
89.2
115.5
125.2
73.8
44.5
23.9

685.3
44.8
18.8
88.8
114.9
119.0
75.2
42.7
23.2

711.7
46.2
19.3
90.6
117.6
126.0
76.6
44.7
24.8

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

58.7
1.0
1.5
23.9
17.3

57.8
1.0
1.5
23.5
17.6

57.9
1.0
1.6
23.5
17.7

251.6
5.3
6.0
96.3
77.6

256.0
5.6
6.3
93.9
80.9

255.3
5.5
6.4
93.4
80.8

251.7
3.3
11.0
97.3
37.7

245.2
3.3
11.5
98.3
36.9

249.9
3.4
11.9
99.8
37.6

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

74.2
5.3
48.9
5.9

75.6
5.6
50.5
6.1

75.2
5.6
50.5
6.0

267.6
25.9
146.7
21.2

277.6
27.6
151.3
21.6

278.3
28.0
151.7
21.8

217.5
24.2
81.8
30.8

207.1
21.7
79.1
30.0

220.4
24.5
84.1
31.4

292.3
12.6
1.9
1.7
5.3
19.3
4.6
7.1
162.3
70.6
52.3

298.2
12.5
2.1
1.6
5.6
20.7
4.5
7.4
162.1
70.2
53.6

296.9
12.4
2.1
1.6
5.5
20.8
4.5
7.5
161.4
69.7
53.5

1,351.6
69.3
11.0
12.1
27.4
64.3
20.2
40.0
638.0
261.6
275.6

1,390.4
73.5
11.5
12.6
27.8
67.7
20.3
41.2
635.3
263.6
284.1

1,400.8
73.7
11.3
12.6
28.1
66.7
20.5
41.8
642.7
267.3
285.4

702.3
30.5
7.3
7.9
14.1
66.4
13.0
16.0
298.9
140.5
108.0

687.5
29.2
7.5
7.7
13.7
65.8
13.0
14.9
295.6
140.5
104.1

708.0
30.7
7.7

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.


72


8.2
14.2
66.8
13.2
16.4
300.7
140.4
108.3

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

0

0)

(1)

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Williamsport
York

153.6
304.2
51.8
178.4

154.5
302.0
51.9
179.4

157.3
304.9
52.4
179.7

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

461.0
133.2
328.2

459.0
133.2
328.6

459.1
133.1
328.4

1,472.1
193.5
231.4
326.1

1,520.9
198.7
236.7
332.2

1,523.0
195.0
238.4
334.3

268.6
35.4
69.6

269.6
37.1
69.9

270.9
36.8
70.7

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,085.0
198.7
164.4
264.6
439.1
487.3

2,100.9
201.6
166.3
261.5
447.3
483.0

2,100.8
202.1
168.7
262.2
447.2
485.9

6.8
.7
.4
1.7
.1
.8

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

6,720.9
49.8
77.4
355.5
133.1
59.5
69.4
50.9
125.2
1,350.5
195.7
530.4
71.1
1,449.4
71.7
39.2
66.7
94.3
97.4
44.8
43.2
36.6
504.7
37.5
45.2
60.6
27.3
80.3
51.1

6,807.9
49.6
76.7
356.2
135.2
60.8
69.7
52.1
127.1
1,359.2
199.5
540.0
71.7
1,479.8
72.5
41.2
66.7
96.5
94.8
43.8
42.2
35.9
506.7
36.8
46.6
61.1
28.5
79.9
50.3

6,843.5
49.6
76.9
357.7
135.7
61.8
70.4
52.5
128.1
1,365.3
199.1
540.5
70.6
1,486.0
72.4
41.6
66.8
97.4
96.0
43.8
42.4
36.0
509.7
37.1
47.0
62.0
28.2
80.3
50.7

183.3
2.1
1.3
.7
1.7
2.0
.1
.6
4.2
18.2
.1
3.7
.5
67.2
.1
1.9
3.7
.4
1.0
9.9
5.7
.5
2.3
.1
.1
1.9
1.5
.1
1.9

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

675.5
85.5
462.7

705.2
89.2
478.9

706.1
89.9
479.8

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

257.1
34.7
78.5

255.4
35.3
77.2

257.4
35.7
78.2

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

See footnotes at end of table.




Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989?

.5

.5

.5

7.7
15.8
2.3
9.9

.2
.2
.1

.2
.2
.1

.2
.2
.1

22.0
6.4
16.6

23.2
7.0
17.3

22.6
6.8
16.9

1.9

94.2
13.3
14.6
22.6

96.9
13.8
15.6
23.6

97.1
13.4
15.6
23.9

2.7
.3

11.0
2.0
3.0

11.5
2.2
3.1

11.3
2.1
3.1

6.4
.8
.5
1.7
.1
.7

6.3
.8
.5
1.7
.1
.7

97.3
8.7
7.1
13.6
18.8
27.1

95.1
8.9
7.8
12.5
19.0
28.3

95.5
9.2
7.8
12.8
19.1
28.2

176.3
1.8
1.2
.7
1.9
1.9
.1
.6
4.0
17.1
.1
3.9
.5
66.6
.1
1.9
3.6
.4
.9
9.4
5.7
.5
2.1
.1
.1
2.0
1.2
.1
1.8

176.7
1.9
1.1
.7
2.0
1.9
.1
.6
3.9
16.9
.1
4.0
.5
67.2
.1
1.8
3.6
.4
.9
9.4
5.7
.5
2.1
.1
.1
2.0
1.3
.1
1.8

328.1
2.1
3.8
14.3
8.9
7.0
1.9
2.0
8.5
53.1
9.0
22.7
4.5
89.2
3.7
1.1
3.6
3.3
4.2
1.4
2.2
1.5
23.7
1.7
1.6
2.0
1.5
3.8
2.1

315.5
1.8
4.0
12.9
9.7
7.2
2.3
1.9
9.6
51.2
8.1
22.9
4.8
90.5
3.3
1.2
3.2
3.2
4.2
1.4
1.8
1.1
22.2
1.7
1.6
2.1
1.6
3.2
2.0

315.1
1.7
4.0
12.8
9.9
7.4
2.1
1.9
10.1
51.2
8.0
23.0
4.6
90.2
3.3
1.2
3.1
3.2
4.0
1.4
1.8
1.1
22.0
1.7
1.6
2.1
1.6
3.0
2.0

8.5

27.5
3.0
19.1

29.2
2.9
19.7

28.8
2.8
19.5

19.2
2.1
4.3

19.9
1.8
4.6

19.9
1.8
4.6

1

1

0

()

()

1.9

1.8
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

o

0
O
O
2.7
.3

2.7
.3

1

1

O

()

()

8.5

8.1
(1)

(1)

0.7

0.6

0.7

(1)
2.8

2.6

2.8

.7
.2

.6
.2

0)

Oct.
1988

1

()

.6
.2
1

()

8.1
16.2
2.5
10.1

8.2
16.3
2.5
10.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

Manufacturing
State and area
Oct.
1988
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Williamsport
York

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989?

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

48.8
73.2
16.5
61.9

48.9
70.9
15.6
60.9

49.7
70.7
15.7
61.1

6.8
16.3
1.9
8.0

6.9
16.4
1.9
8.0

6.8
16.3
2.0
8.0

33.9
67.9
11.5
42.4

34.5
68.2
11.7
42.4

34.7
68.5
11.7
42.5

Rhode island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

114.7
50.9
71.6

112.1
49.3
70.6

112.3
49.5
70.6

15.8
3.6
12.7

14.4
3.3
11.6

14.4
3.4
11.5

104.2
33.4
71.4

105.1
33.5
72.1

104.6
33.3
71.8

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

384.6
21.5
29.5
102.7

381.3
21.2
30.3
102.1

379.7
20.9
30.0
102.3

63.6
11.6
10.6
12.5

66.5
11.5
10.5
12.8

66.9
11.8
10.6
13.0

332.8
45.5
50.3
75.2

352.1
46.2
51.1
77.5

348.3
44.2
51.3
77.8

31.4
3.2
8.5

29.7
3.3
8.1

29.8
3.2
8.1

14.0
2.0
5.4

14.1
2.2
5.5

14.0
2.1
5.4

69.2
10.1
18.6

71.1
11.2
18.9

70.1
11.0
19.1

509.2
47.9
53.4
54.5
55.7
90.2

512.7
47.5
55.8
52.2
55.6
89.7

511.2
47.0
56.4
52.2
54.9
90.4

110.0
9.3
6.4
10.3
41.4
24.2

111.0
9.1
6.3
10.0
42.0
23.9

111.3
8.8
6.3
10.1
42.3
23.9

492.9
45.8
36.8
67.0
117.8
118.4

493.1
45.8
36.2
66.9
120.7
116.3

492.9
45.7
36.6
67.1
120.9
117.4

966.4
4.9
9.4
41.7
25.3
15.5
10.1
3.3
11.3
222.9
40.7
121.3
8.2
155.8
8.4
1.9
15.7
7.4
13.2
2.6
4.0
5.3
47.7
11.1
7.5
10.5
3.0
14.9
8.2

968.1
5.0
8.5
42.0
25.6
16.0
10.1
3.7
11.3
220.3
42.2
121.0
8.3
158.4
8.5
1.9
15.3
7.7
13.7
2.5
3.9
5.3
47.5
10.9
7.6
10.8
3.0
15.2
8.0

970.1
5.0
8.7
42.3
25.5
16.0
10.2
3.7
11.3
219.9
41.7
121.0
8.3
158.6
8.4
1.9
15.3
7.6
13.6
2.5
3.9
5.4
47.6
11.0
7.6
11.4
3.1
15.1
8.1

394.8
2.5
5.5
10.4
9.4
2.6
3.2
1.5
6.6
92.0
10.7
30.3
4.8
101.0
2.7
4.9
3.1
4.8
3.1
2.3
2.1
3.1
19.0
1.9
1.9
2.5
1.4
3.4
2.6

405.1
2.4
5.6
10.4
9.4
2.8
3.0
1.5
6.5
96.9
10.9
32.4
4.7
100.7
2.7
5.7
3.2
4.8
3.1
2.2
2.1
2.7
18.9
1.7
2.0
2.6
1.4
3.4
2.5

406.5
2.5
5.6
10.5
9.4
2.9
3.0
1.5
6.4
97.3
10.9
32.6
4.8
100.5
2.7
5.7
3.2
4.9
3.1
2.2
2.1
2.7
18.9
1.7
2.0
2.6
1.3
3.4
2.5

1,660.0
13.7
22.8
76.7
32.4
11.0
18.4
10.9
31.1
347.8
46.3
137.7
14.0
357.0
16.4
11.4
17.1
28.2
30.9
10.1
12.8
9.2
128.5
8.0
10.5
16.0
7.5
18.6
12.1

1,663.7
13.7
22.6
76.7
32.6
11.5
18.0
10.8
31.9
350.1
49.1
139.4
14.7
366.1
16.7
12.9
17.2
28.4
28.5
10.0
12.6
9.1
126.8
7.8
10.8
16.4
7.8
18.8
12.1

1,663.1
13.6
22.5
76.8
32.5
11.5
18.3
10.8
31.6
353.4
49.3
139.3
13.7
365.7
16.7
13.3
17.2
29.1
28.9
9.9
12.6
9.1
126.1
7.8
10.9
16.3
7.6
18.7
12.2

101.6
14.1
65.7

104.6
14.3
67.3

104.9
14.5
67.6

40.6
2.8
31.4

41.8
3.0
31.9

41.6
2.8
32.0

158.7
17.7
114.2

169.9
19.7
120.5

169.1
19.7
120.0

49.5
4.9
16.8

48.8
5.2
15.9

48.5
5.3
15.8

10.5
.9
3.3

9.4
.9
3.0

9.4
.9
3.0

61.1
7.6
19.1

59.9
7.7
18.7

60.5
7.8
19.1

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison

Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

Waco
Wichita Falls
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
See footnotes at end of table.


74


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989^

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Williamsport
York

8.3
13.3
2.4
4.8

8.5
13.9
2.5
5.0

8.5
13.9
2.5
4.9

31.1
74.4
10.3
32.3

31.8
75.1
10.8
34.3

32.1
75.8
10.9
34.0

17.0
42.6
6.9
18.6

15.8
40.7
6.9
18.2

17.3
42.7
7.1
18.6

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

26.5
3.9
22.5

26.7
4.1
23.8

26.6
4.1
23.9

117.8
24.6
89.3

119.0
25.5
89.3

118.9
25.4
89.6

59.8
10.2
44.0

58.3
10.3
43.8

59.5
10.4
44.0

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

65.4
8.5
17.8
12.0

68.2
8.7
18.4
12.1

67.6
7.7
18.3
12.1

262.0
41.5
45.8
58.0

280.6
43.3
46.3
59.8

280.4
42.3
47.1
60.0

267.7
51.5
62.5
42.8

273.4
53.9
64.1
44.0

281.1
54.7
65.1
44.9

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

14.6
1.6
6.5

15.4
1.5
7.0

15.5
1.5
7.0

65.6
8.9
20.0

66.4
9.0
19.9

66.5
8.9
20.3

60.1
7.4
7.5

58.6
7.4
7.4

61.0
7.6
7.5

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

104.8
12.7
5.4
9.8
25.2
34.3

106.2
12.9
5.5
9.8
25.9
33.9

105.6
12.9
5.4
9.7
25.8
33.9

434.9
39.0
30.5
58.0
108.5
122.5

447.7
41.2
31.0
59.1
110.9
121.1

446.1
41.9
31.4
58.9
110.3
121.6

329.2
34.6
24.4
49.6
71.6
69.8

328.8
35.4
23.3
49.3
73.1
69.1

331.9
35.8
24.4
49.7
73.8
69.8

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

438.8
2.4
4.3
24.3
5.2
2.0
3.6
1.5
6.9
128.3
8.4
26.7
4.3
101.1
3.0
1.6
2.6
5.4
3.7
2.3
1.7
1.8
39.9
1.8
1.9
3.4
1.5
4.9
2.3

441.3
2.5
4.0
23.9
5.2
1.9
3.6
1.6
7.0
125.7
8.3
27.2
4.1
100.0
3.1
1.6
2.7
5.7
3.8
2.2
1.6
1.8
40.4
1.7
1.9
3.3
1.6
4.8
2.3

441.5
2.5
4.0
23.8
5.2
1.9
3.6
1.6
7.0
126.1
8.3
27.2
4.0
99.6
3.1
1.6
2.7
5.6
4.0
2.2
1.6
1.8
40.6
1.8
1.9
3.4
1.5
4.9
2.3

1,547.2
13.2
16.8
84.7
29.7
8.3
15.4
9.0
28.7
336.9
39.4
119.1
13.9
385.3
16.1
6.4
12.4
23.0
15.8
9.6
7.2
8.1
126.2
8.5
9.5
14.8
6.0
21.8
12.0

1,608.5
13.5
17.1
86.4
30.3
8.7
15.9
9.1
29.1
343.6
39.1
123.7
14.5
402.9
16.7
6.5
13.0
23.8
16.3
9.4
7.1
8.1
129.7
8.6
9.9
14.7
6.2
21.8
11.9

1,617.1
13.4
17.2
86.8
30.5
8.8
16.1
9.0
29.2
345.4
38.9
123.1
14.4
404.1
16.6
6.5
13.1
23.6
16.5
9.4
7.2
8.0
130.3
8.7
9.9
14.8
6.0
22.1
12.0

1,202.3
8.9
13.5
102.7
20.5
11.1
16.8
22.1
27.9
151.3
41.1
68.9
20.9
192.8
21.3
10.0
8.5
21.8
25.5
6.6
7.5
7.1
117.4
4.4
12.2
9.5
4.9
12.8
9.9

1,229.4
8.9
13.7
103.2
20.5
10.8
16.8
22.9
27.7
154.3
41.8
69.5
20.1
194.6
21.4
9.5
8.5
22.5
24.3
6.7
7.4
7.3
119.1
4.3
12.7
9.2
5.7
12.6
9.7

1,253.4
9.0
13.8
104.0
20.7
11.4
17.1
23.4
28.6
155.1
42.0
70.3
20.3
200.1
21.5
9.6
8.6
23.0
25.0
6.8
7.5
7.4
122.1
4.3
13.0
9.4
5.8
13.0
9.8

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

32.9
2.2
27.0

33.2
2.1
27.0

33.1
2.1
27.0

161.6
32.3
108.4

172.1
33.8
115.0

171.7
34.3
114.6

144.5
13.4
94.3

145.9
13.4
94.7

148.4
13.7
96.3

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

12.8
3.0
3.6

13.2
3.1
3.6

13.2
3.1
3.6

61.2
7.7
19.1

62.4
8.2
19.7

62.8
8.3
19.5

42.2
8.3
12.3

41.1
8.2
11.6

42.5
8.3
12.5

See footnotes at end of table.




75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricuitural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Constructior i

Mining

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989^

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,829.9
32.8
68.4
42.4
72.6
569.8
755.8
458.6
123.8

2,924.3
33.1
66.7
43.9
74.5
576.1
799.4
468.3
124.1

2,940.1
33.1
68.3
44.1
74.8
574.8
803.5
473.8
124.1

16.0
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.6
.9
.1

14.7
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
.6
1.2
.1

14.6
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
.6
1.3
.1

203.6
1.0
4.1
2.2
3.7
39.1
62.6
31.3
8.2

215.5
1.0
4.1
2.8
3.6
40.0
70.8
32.9
8.4

214.4
.9
4.1
2.7
3.7
39.8
69.7
33.2
8.2

Washington
Seattle

1,984.6
1,008.1

2,074.9
1,062.3

2,081.7
1,065.6

3.5
.7

3.6
.6

3.5
.7

104.7
55.2

115.9
57.9

114.9
56.5

618.2
108.4
105.8
61.1
60.0

620.1
109.3
107.8
61.8
60.5

624.5
109.6
109.8
62.3
60.5

34.3
1.9
1.4
.7
2.7

34.2
1.9
1.5
.7
2.7

34.0
1.9
1.5
.6
2.7

28.6
4.8
3.9
3.2
2.2

28.2
4.4
4.3
3.2
2.1

28.8
4.5
5.6
3.3
2.0

2,193.1
155.0
58.1
96.9
58.3
43.7
56.4
207.8
730.6
73.5
49.0

2,227.6
155.0
58.9
101.2
57.2
40.0
58.4
210.6
738.3
76.4
50.7

2,234.8
157.0
59.7
101.8
57.3
40.2
59.3
213.5
743.7
76.5
51.3

2.8

77.7
7.2
1.8
3.5
1.8
1.7
2.1
6.2
23.9
2.1
2.0

82.8
8.1
1.6
4.0
1.4
1.6
2.4
5.7
25.5
2.6
2.4

82.8
8.4
1.6
4.0
1.3
1.5
2.5
5.6
25.9
2.8
2.3

Wyoming

188.7

195.7

194.2

18.6

11.0

11.5

11.2

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

824.9
52.4
58.5
53.3
510.0

817.4
51.4
57.4
55.0
506.1

821.9
51.4
57.9
55.8
509.1

.8

42.7
(1)
1
()
4.0
31.1

41.1

41.3
(1)

40.5

40.4

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Wausau

Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.


76


(1)

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

2.5

2.8

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

O
(11)
()
0
0

01
(1)
(1)
(1)
()

19.0

.8
(1)
(1)

.1
.4

0)

01
(1)
()
(11)
(1)
()
(1)
O
0)
(1)

18.9

.8
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
.1
.4

O

Oct.
1988

Oct.
1989p

.1
.4
(1)

2.3

Sept.
1989

O
(1)

3.5
30.5
2.0

Oct.
1989p

0

3.5
30.8

(1)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

429.2
10.8
8.7
17.0
22.8
67.5
34.8
62.7
20.2

425.5
11.0
8.6
17.0
22.9
66.5
33.6
61.2
19.4

425.7
10.8
8.6
17.0
22.7
66.0
33.7
61.3
19.4

148.3
1.1
2.3
1.0
2.6
26.6
54.6
23.8
8.3

150.6
1.1
2.3
.9
2.5
26.0
60.5
23.8
8.4

150.7
1.1
2.2
.9
2.5
25.8
60.6
23.7
8.3

643.2
8.5
13.1
9.6
16.5
141.3
164.6
110.3
33.9

666.9
8.6
13.7
10.2
16.9
140.7
170.6
113.4
33.6

672.3
8.8
13.8
10.4
17.2
140.7
170.4
115.4
33.9

Washington
Seattle

347.1
202.3

368.8
219.7

367.6
219.7

103.6
62.4

108.5
67.0

107.9
66.6

486.3
242.5

510.6
253.0

507.2
252.6

88.1
11.1
19.8
13.9
7.3

86.0
11.1
20.5
14.1
7.5

86.0
11.0
20.5
14.3
7.4

37.2
8.6
8.1
2.2
3.3

37.5
8.9
7.8
2.2
3.4

37.6
8.9
7.8
2.3
3.4

143.6
28.8
27.1
14.9
16.5

149.7
29.1
27.8
15.0
16.8

149.1
29.3
27.8
14.9
16.8

Wausau

559.2
53.5
11.6
25.2
18.6
13.9
11.2
24.8
175.9
26.0
13.7

562.0
52.6
11.9
26.8
17.5
9.7
11.2
24.9
176.4
26.3
14.1

554.7
52.7
11.9
26.4
17.4
9.7
11.1
24.7
176.0
26.2
14.3

100.5
5.8
3.1
7.5
2.2
1.6
2.3
7.3
35.3
2.3
2.9

102.5
5.9
3.3
7.6
2.1
1.5
2.4
7.3
36.3
2.4
3.0

103.3
5.9
3.3
7.6
2.2
1.5
2.4
7.5
36.5
2.4
3.1

515.1
33.7
15.6
24.4
13.9
10.0
16.1
48.0
165.6
16.5
12.1

528.1
34.4
15.8
25.0
14.3
10.5
17.0
48.0
169.8
17.1
12.5

530.7
35.0
15.9
25.1
14.4
10.4
17.2
49.3
170.8
16.9
12.7

Wyoming

9.6

9.7

9.8

13.5

14.7

14.6

41.9

43.0

42.7

155.5
16.3
20.8
9.8
65.8

158.8
16.4
19.9
10.0
67.2

160.0
16.1
20.1
10.4
68.1

17.3
(1)
(1)
(1)
13.9

16.7
(1)
(1)
(1)
13.5

17.0
(1)
(1)
(1)
13.7

145.7
11.1
7.7
8.4
100.4

146.8
10.8
7.7
9.0
100.2

147.5
10.8
7.8
9.1
100.9

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.5

9.1

9.0

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands

(1)

(1)

(1)

See footnotes at end of table.




77

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

151.7

157.4

156.1

1.3
3.4

1.3
3.3
1.3
4.4
27.2
52.6

1.3
3.3
1.3
4.5

41.1

51.9
41.3

8.2

8.6

Washington
Seattle

110.8
70.5

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Wausau

.....

Virgin Islands
1

Not available.
Combined with construction.
P = preliminary.
2


http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/
78
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

728.4
4.7

684.8
4.7
12.8
6.0

728.3
4.7
13.2
6.3

13.5
137.8
245.5

14.7
144.2
263.8

8.6

96.5
29.5

99.1
30.7

13.0
6.3
14.7
142.2
266.2
99.9
30.5

116.3
73.8

115.7
73.8

453.5
236.0

479.6
252.5

24.2
6.2
3.8
2.3
2.8

24.1
6.2
3.8
2.4
2.8

24.1
6.2
3.8
2.4
2.8

133.7
25.9
22.5
14.0
15.9

116.0
7.2
1.8
3.2
1.6
1.1
1.6
18.5
50.7
2.3
3.6

119.9
7.3
1.8
3.6
1.7
1.3
1.7
18.8
51.9
2.4
3.6

119.7
7.4
1.8
3.7
1.6
1.3
1.7
18.9
51.9
2.4
3.6

7.2

7.2

36.0

1.3
4.0
27.2
49.5
39.4

26.8

Oct.
1988

553.1
5.3
23.9
5.2
9.4

565.4
5.3
21.4
5.3
9.4
131.3
146.9

Oct.

577.9
5.4
23.2
5.4

9.4

15.4

14.9

479.1
253.1

375.1
138.5

371.6
137.8

385.8
142.6

139.7
26.9
24.0
14.4
16.1

139.7
26.9
24.0
14.4
16.3

128.5
21.1

120.7

125.2

20.8
18.1
9.8

20.9

487.4
30.1
12.9
22.0
12.7
8.9
15.3
45.6
195.1
16.0
8.4

499.9
30.3
13.4
23.2
12.9
8.9
16.2
46.9
197.5
17.4
8.9

498.0
30.0
13.5
23.5
12.7
9.0
16.5
47.4
198.5

329.6
16.1
11.1
10.9
7.2
6.5
7.5
58.8
80.6
8.2
6.2

342.8

17.4
8.9

334.7
17.3
11.3
11.0
7.4
6.5
7.8
57.2
83.8
8.3
6.3

7.2

32.5

36.6

34.7

54.0

54.1

55.4

35.5

35.7

123.9

124.9

125.4

28.7

10.2
91.0

10.2
91.2

294.1
16.1
19.2
19.0

28.5

10.1
89.8

292.7
16.1
19.1
18.8

28.5

303.0
16.4
19.9
17.5
180.1

174.7

175.3

1.9

2.0

13.3

13.2

0

9.3

130.2
143.6
93.7

Sept.
1989

133.3
150.4
97.7
15.1

Wyoming
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

Oct.
1988

19.2
9.9

95.6

9.3

18.8
10.1
9.1

17.3
11.7
11.4
7.6
6.8

7.9
59.9
83.8
8.4
6.4

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1988 benchmarks. Data for the
Virgin Islands for September 1989 are preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

Mining

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964..
1965..
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969..

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60

1970..
1971 ..
1972..
1973..
1974..
1975..
1976..
1977..
1978..
1979..

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

1980..
1981 ..
1982..
1983..
1984..
1985..
1986..
1987..
1988..

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8
34.8
34.7

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76
8.98
9.29

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85
312.50
322.36

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2
42.4
42.3

Construction
Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.46
12.54
12.75

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
525.81
531.70
539.33

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4
37.8
37.9

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.48
12.71
13.01

367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.46
466.75
480.44
493.08

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1988:
November.
December.
1989:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October" ...
November

34.7
34.9

$9.46
9.46

$328.26
330.15

41.9
42.8

$12.89
13.03

$540.09
557.68

37.8
37.3

$13.08
13.19

$494.42
491.99

34.5
34.3
34.4
34.8
34.5
34.8
35.1
34.9
34.7
34.8
34.5

9.54
9.55
9.56
9.62
9.59
9.58
9.63
9.61
9.77
9.81
9.80

329.13
327.57
328.86
334.78
330.86
333.38
338.01
335.39
339.02
341.39
338.10

42.2
41.7
42.0
42.8
42.0
42.6
42.5
43.2
43.7
44.0
43.4

13.20
13.22
13.15
13.19
13.13
13.03
12.95
13.11
13.15
13.07
13.09

557.04
551.27
552.30
564.53
551.46
555.08
550.38
566.35
574.66
575.08
568.11

36.5
36.2
37.4
37.9
37.7
38.0
38.9
39.0
38.6
39.2
38.1

13.26
13.21
13.26
13.30
13.28
13.24
13.33
13.33
13.48
13.51
13.50

483.99
478.20
495.92
504.07
500.66
503.12
518.54
519.87
520.33
529.59
514.35

See footnotes at end of table.




70

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing
Year and
month

Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime

Weekly
hours

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2

3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988

39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7
41.0
41.1

7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.54
9.73
9.91
10.18

7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.34
9.48
9.72

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01
406.31
418.40

Weekly
earnings

Hourly
earnings

Wholesale trade

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.61
2.73
2.88
3.05
3.23

$102.56
106.49
111.11
116.06
122.31
129.85

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.5
39.4
39.3
38.8
38.7
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.44
3.65
3.85
4.08
4.39
4.73
5.03
5.39
5.88
6.39

137.26
144.18
151.69
160.34
170.33
183.05
194.66
209.13
228.14
247.93

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.2
39.3

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70
12.03
12.32

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64
471.58
484.18

38.5
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.1
38.1

6.96
7.56
8.09
8.55
8.89
9.16
9.35
9.60
9.94

267.96
291.06
309.85
329.18
342.27
351.74
358.11
365.76
378.71

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1988:
November.
December.
1989:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October" ...
November"

41.5
41.7

$10.31
10.37

$9.82
9.88

$427.87
432.43

39.3
39.5

$12.46
12.42

$489.68
490.59

38.0
38.2

$10.07
10.14

$382.66
387.35

41.0
40.8
41.0
41.0
40.9
41.1
40.5
40.8
41.2
40.9
41.0

10.37
10.38
10.41
10.41
10.42
10.44
10.47
10.44
10.55
10.52
10.58

9.91
9.92
9.94
9.95
9.98
9.98
10.02
9.97
10.05
10.05
10.10

425.17
423.50
426.81
426.81
426.18
429.08
424.04
425.95
434.66
430.27
433.78

39.3
39.1
39.2
39.8
39.3
39.6
39.8
39.4
39.4
39.6
39.4

12.47
12.50
12.46
12.51
12.49
12.48
12.58
12.56
12.70
12.69
12.68

490.07
488.75
488.43
497.90
490.86
494.21
500.68
494.86
500.38
502.52
499.59

37.9
37.8
37.9
38.2
37.9
38.1
38.3
38.1
38.1
38.3
38.1

10.23
10.23
10.21
10.36
10.28
10.31
10.40
10.35
10.47
10.49
10.53

387.72
386.69
386.96
395.75
389.61
392.81
398.32
394.34
398.91
401.77
401.19

See footnotes at end of table.


80


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

Services
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.36
8.73
9.09

209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.30
316.90
326.33

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.6

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.18
8.49
8.91

190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.75
265.85
275.93
290.47

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2
29.2
29.1

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03
6.12
6.31

147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
176.08
178.70
183.62

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.3
35.9

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1988:
November.
December.
1989:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October" ...
November"

28.8
29.6

$6.43
6.43

$185.18
190.33

35.7
35.8

$9.27
9.32

$330.94
333.66

32.5
32.6

$9.11
9.16

$296.08
298.62

28.4
28.3
28.5
28.9
28.8
29.2
29.9
29.6
28.9
28.9
28.6

6.48
6.47
6.48
6.52
6.49
6.49
6.49
6.50
6.61
6.62
6.64

184.03
183.10
184.68
188.43
186.91
189.51
194.05
192.40
191.03
191.32
189.90

36.1
35.8
35.8
36.3
35.6
35.8
36.3
35.8
35.7
36.1
35.6

9.46
9.47
9.43
9.59
9.48
9.48
9.59
9.50
9.62
9.72
9.66

341.51
339.03
337.59
348.12
337.49
339.38
348.12
340.10
343.43
350.89
343.90

32.6
32.4
32.4
32.8
32.4
32.7
33.1
32.9
32.6
32.8
32.6

9.25
9.28
9.29
9.34
9.30
9.26
9.33
9.29
9.49
9.59
9.59

301.55
300.67
301.00
306.35
301.32
302.80
308.82
305.64
309.37
314.55
312.63

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.




p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1988 forward are subject to revision.

81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Total private .
Mining

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

34.7

34.7

34.8

34.5

42.6

41.9

43.7

44.0

43.4

10
101
102

41.6
42.3
43.5

42.0
42.4
43.2

43.4
43.3
47.2

43.1
43.4
45.7

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining .

11,12
12

42.7
42.8

41.8
41.9

43.2
43.3

43.6
43.7

Oil and gas extraction
13
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2
138
Oil and gas field services

41.5
40.9
41.8

40.8
40.9
40.8

42.8
42.6,
42.9

43.2
41.7
44.0

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels .
Crushed and broken stone

46.5
47.9

45.4
46.6

47.2
48.4

47.1
48.2

39.1

37.8

38.6

39.2

Construction .

Nov.
1989P

34.9

Metal mining ...
Iron ores
Copper ores .

14
t42

Average overtime hours
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

38.1

General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction .

15
'*$2
153
154

38.4
37.3
38.9
39.6

37.6
36.5
38.4
38.9

37.9
37.1
38.7
38.7

38.2
37.6
37.9
39.0

Heavy construction contractors
....
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway .

16
161
162

43.9
46.0
42.8

41.6
42.0
41.4

42.8
44.4
42.1

44.2
46.8
43.0

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning ...
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating .
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

38.0
39.1
36.6
38.8
35.9
35.4
35.7

36.7
38.0
35.6
38.1
34.8
35.3
33.3

37.7
38.8
35.8
39.4
35.4
35.1
35.1

38.1
38.9
35.7
39.5
35.8
35.5
36.3

41.3

41.5

41.2

40.9

41.0

4.1

4.1

4.1

3.9

42.0

42.2

41.7

41.4

41.4

4.3

4.4

4.1

3.9

Manufacturing.
Durable goods .
Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

41.0
42.2
42.0
42.3
40.7
40.4
40.0
39.2
41.4
42.9
39.2
39.9
39.6
40.4

40.0
38.8
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.0
39.4
39.2
41.3
42.1
38.6
38.6
38.2
40.0

40.4
41.6
41.5
41.8
40.1
40.1
39.5
39.4
41.2
41.9
39.0
38.3
38.1
40.1

40.6
42.2
41.8
42.2
39.9
40.0
39.3
38.6
42.0
43.7
38.8
38.6
38.6
40.3

40.0

3.9
5.5
4.4
4.6
3.4
3.5
2.8
3.0
3.7
5.4
3.5
2.9
2.8
3.3

3.6
4.1
4.1
4.3
3.3
3.4
2.5
3.3
3.7
5.0
3.0
2.5
2.2
3.1

3.8
5.6
4.4
4.7
3.1
3.3
2.5
3.1
3.9
5.1
3.7
2.0
1.6
3.1

3.8
5.9
4.5
4.9
3.2
3.2
2.4
2.7
4.0
5.2
3.2
1.9
1.6
3.0

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture ....
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture .
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures .

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

40.1
39.7
40.0
39.0
40.0
39.4
40.7
41.3
41.1
39.9

39.9
39.5
40.2
38.6
40.2
38.1
39.8
41.1
40.7
40.2

40.1
39.3
39.8
38.0
40.0
41.0
40.5
40.4
43.0
40.6

39.8
39.1
39.7
38.3
39.7
38.4
40.0
40.6
42.1
40.3

39.7

3.1
2.8
2.9
2.5
2.7
3.3
3.0
4.3
4.0
2.8

2.8
2.5
2.7
2.1
2.3
2.3
3.0
4.3
3.7
2.9

3.1
2.6
2.8
1.8
2.9
4.1
2.9
3.7
5.3
3.3

3.0
2.5
2.8
2.2
2.5
2.6
2.6
3.8
4.7
2.8

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass

32
321
322

43.0
46.2
41.3

42.7
45.8
41.6

42.6
43.8
41.8

42.8
44.0
41.7

42.5

5.6
8.4
4.6

5.2
7.7
4.5

5.4
5.3
4.7

5.5
5.5
4.7

Glass and glassware, pressed or blown .
See footnotes at end of table.



Nov.
1989P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Total private
Mining

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.

Oct.
1989P

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

$9.45

$9.46

$9.77

$9.81

$9.80 $329.81 $328.26 $339.02 $341.39 $338.10

12.79

12.89

13.15

13.07

13.09

544.85

540.09

574.66

575.08

568.11

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

13.38
13.63
11.60

13.38
14.00
11.44

13.70
13.91
12.03

13.80
13.96
11.96

556.61
576.55
504.60

561.96
593.60
494.21

594.58
602.30
567.82

594.78
605.86
546.57

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

11,12
12

15.95
16.01

16.08
16.14

16.29
16.35

16.29
16.34

681.07
685.23

672.14
676.27

703.73
707.96

710.24
714.06

Oil and gas extraction
13
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2
138
Oil and gas field services

11.84
14.60
10.26

11.96
14.59
10.39

12.32
15.47
10.65

12.16
15.39
10.57

491.36
597.14
428.87

487.97
596.73
423.91

527.30
659.02
456.89

525.31
641.76
465.08

11.10
10.58

11.11
10.55

11.40
10.87

11.39
10.90

516.15
506.78

504.39
491.63

538.08
526.11

536.47
525.38

13.17

13.08

13.48

13.51

514.95

494.42

520.33

529.59

15
152
153
154

12.40
11.72
11.59
13.17

12.35
11.65
11.71
13.12

12.73
12.14
12.17
13.41

12.75
12.15
12.14
13.44

476.16
437.16
450.85
521.53

464.36
425.23
449.66
510.37

482.47
450.39
470.98
518.97

487.05
456.84
460.11
524.16

16
161
162

12.71
12.66
12.74

12.51
12.23
12.65

13.26
13.27
13.26

13.25
13.28
13.23

557.97
582.36
545.27

520.42
513.66
523.71

567.53
589.19
558.25

585.65
621.50
568.89

17
171

13.65
14.00
12.97
14.73
13.82
13.16
12.06

13.57
13.93
12.67
14.68
13.74
13.14
11.98

13.86
14.33
12.97
14.81
14.07
13.51
12.32

13.90
14.29
13.08
14.90
14.20
13.57
12.24

518.70
547.40
474.70
571.52
496.14
465.86
430.54

498.02
529.34
451.05
559.31
478.15
463.84
398.93

522.52
556.00
464.33
583.51
498.08
474.20
432.43

529.59
555.88
466.96
588.55
508.36
481.74
444.31

10.25

10.31

10.55

10.52

10.58

423.33

427.87

434.66

430.27

433.78

10.79

10.85

11.10

11.06

11.10

453.18

457.87

462.87

457.88

459.54

8.77
11.32
8.86
9.20
7.13
8.62
8.78
8.08
7.08
10.20
6.47
8.20
8.32
7.51

8.69
10.93
8.85
9.18
7.17
8.62
8.75
8.18
7.06
10.14
6.39
8.25
8.36
7.48

8.98
11.14
9.15
9.49
7.39
8.90
9.17
8.31
7.46
10.25
6.56
8.36
8.39
7.75

8.99
11.29
9.14
9.50
7.34
8.87
9.12
8.25
7.47
10.21
6.56
8.42
8.47
7.71

8.98

359.57
477.70
372.12
389.16
290.19
348.25
351.20
316.74
293.11
437.58
253.62
327.18
329.47
303.40

347.60
424.08
364.62
380.05
291.10
344.80
344.75
320.66
291.58
426.89
246.65
318.45
319.35
299.20

362.79
463.42
379.73
396.68
296.34
356.89
362.22
327.41
307.35
429.48
255.84
320.19
319.66
310.78

364.99
476.44
382.05
400.90
292.87
354.80
358.42
318.45
313.74
446.18
254.53
325.01
326.94
310.71

359.20

8.02
7.37
6.92
8.06
7.17
7.87
9.03
8.59
9.58
8.32

8.40
7.74
7.24
8.44
8.04
8.09
9.42
8.88
9.89
8.53

8.38
7.74
7.26
8.45
7.97
8.04
9.43
8.78
9.84
8.50

8.41

323.21
294.97
278.40
315.51
296.00
311.26
370.37
348.99
394.15
330.77

320.00
291.12
278.18
311.12
288.23
299.85
359.39
353.05
389.91
334.46

336.84
304.18
288.15
320.72
321.60
331.69
381.51
358.75
425.27
346.32

333.52
302.63
288.22
323.64
316.41
308.74
377.20
356.47
414.26
342.55

333.88

10.60
15.29
11.73

10.79
14.75
12.06

10.83
14.87
12.04

10.90

454.51
703.63
486.51

452.62
700.28
487.97

459.65
646.05
504.11

463.52
654.28
502.07

463.25

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

14
142

Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

172

173
174
175
176

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
j 2431

2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451

249

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

8.06
7.43
6.96
8.09
7.40
7.90
9.10
8.45
9.59
8.29

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown

32
321
322

10.57
15.23
11.78

See footnotes at end of table.




2511

2512

13.50

514.35

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

1972
SIC
Code

3221
3229
323
324
325

326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
33
331

3312
3317
332

3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336

3361

34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
3451
Screw machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
347
Metal services, nee
3471
Plating and polishing
3479
Metal coating and allied services
348
Ordnance and accessories, nee
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
See footnotes at end of table.




35
351
3511
3519
352
3523

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Average overtime hours
Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

5.3
3.8
4.3
3.2
4.5
3.6
7.5
7.5
6.6
7.7
4.9
4.5
5.1

5.0
4.0
4.1
3.7
4.2
3.9
6.6
6.4
6.0
6.5
4.9
4.3
5.0

5.6
3.7
3.6
3.9
4.0
3.6
7.3
7.6
6.8
7.4
4.6
3.5
5.0

5.9
3.4
3.7
3.3
3.9
3.5
7.8
7.9
6.7
8.4
4.7
3.7
6.3

40.7
42.1
42.7
41.6
42.1
40.7
44.6
45.9
43.4
44.6
42.4
43.5
43.0

41.1
42.3
43.0
42.6
42.2
40.8
43.4
44.3
42.9
42.6
42.7
44.2
44.4

41.9
41.6
41.8
41.8
42.0
40.6
44.1
45.4
44.1
43.3
42.0
42.1
43.0

42.1
41.3
42.6
41.4
41.2
40.4
44.7
45.3
43.9
45.0
42.0
42.2
42.5

43.6
43.9
44.3
41.9
43.9
44.1
42.0
43.9
43.0
42.8
43.9
43.3
45.3
43.6
42.0
42.5

43.9
44.0
44.4
42.8
44.2
44.3
43.2
43.8
44.1
43.7
44.0
43.9
45.4
43.7
42.5
42.9

42.9
43.1
43.5
41.4
42.5
42.5
41.6
41.8
43.2
42.9
43.9
44.8
43.8
43.2
40.9
41.2

42.3
42.4
42.6
41.8
41.7
41.9
40.4
40.8
43.8
43.5
43.0
42.8
42.6
42.7
40.8
41.1

42.6
42.6

5.7
6.0
6.3
4.6
6.0
6.4
4.2
5.9
4.8
4.6
6.3
6.3
7.8
6.1
4.2
4.3

5.7
5.7
6.0
4.8
6.2
6.5
5.3
5.8
5.1
4.8
6.2
6.2
7.3
6.0
4.5
4.7

5.2
5.3
5.4
4.8
4.8
5.1
3.6
4.3
5.1
5.1
6.7
7.0
8.3
6.0
3.6
3.6

4.8
5.0
5.1
4.8
4.3
4.6
3.0
4.0
5.2
5.2
6.0
5.4
7.2
5.7
3.3
3.2

42.0
44.9
45.2
41.4
41.1
41.2
40.9
40.7
40.7
41.2
42.2
40.0
42.3
40.1
40.8
43.1
41.6
44.7
43.4
43.2
45.2
41.3
41.3
41.0
41.9
41.4
41.0
42.0
42.0
40.8

42.6
45.8
46.5
41.8
41.1
41.9
41.6
41.5
41.5
41.7
42.3
40.5
43.1
40.3
41.7
44.0
42.3
45.9
44.2
44.3
46.3
41.3
41.8
41.8
41.9
41.4
39.8
42.2
42.4
41.0

41.7
44.0
44.4
41.4
41.0
41.1
41.2
40.5
42.4
41.6
42.9
40.1
42.7
40.6
40.4
42.1
41.0
43.3
42.3
41.9
43.3
41.0
41.0
40.7
41.5
41.6
40.5
41.4
41.7
40.4

41.5
43.0
43.3
41.3
41.5
40.7
41.6
40.7
42.7
41.6
42.8
40.3
42.4
40.8
40.1
42.0
40.9
43.2
42.0
41.6
43.0
40.9
40.9
40.7
41.4
41.0
40.2
41.1
41.4
40.1

41.7

4.4
6.4
6.6
3.7
3.1
3.8
3.6
2.8
4.3
4.0
4.9
2.9
4.2
3.4
4.5
5.6
4.7
6.7
5.6
5.1
6.9
4.2
3.8
3.6
4.2
3.0
2.7
4.0
3.8
3.9

4.5
6.2
6.5
3.7
3.0
3.9
4.2
4.0
4.9
4.1
4.8
2.9
4.3
3.5
4.7
6.1
4.9
7.5
5.8
6.1
7.0
4.0
4.1
3.9
4.5
2.9
2.8
4.1
3.9
3.7

4.2
6.4
6.6
3.5
3.0
3.5
3.6
2.5
4.6
4.2
5.3
2.9
4.5
3.5
5.1
4.9
4.0
5.9
4.6
4.3
5.3
3.7
3.6
3.3
4.2
3.6
3.3
3.7
3.8
3.5

3.9
5.8
5.9
3.3
3.3
3.1
3.5
2.5
4.5
3.9
5.0
2.7
4.3
3.5
4.3
4.6
3.9
5.4
4.1
3.9
4.8
3.4
3.5
3.2
4.2
3.1
2.7
3.4
3.5
3.1

42.6
44.2
44.7
44.1
41.2
41.4

42.8
45.0
46.1
44.6
41.3
41.8

42.3
42.2
42.9
41.9
41.2
42.0

42.0
42.5
44.6
41.7
41.0
41.5

42.3

4.5
5.1
8.0
4.2
3.6
4.1

4.6
5.3
9.5
4.0
3.8
4.3

4.3
3.8
6.0
3.0
3.6
4.3

4.0
4.1
7.1
3.0
3.3
3.8

1989P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
3451
Screw machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
347
Metal services, nee
3471
Plating and polishing
3479
Metal coating and allied services
348
Ordnance and accessories, nee
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
See footnotes at end of table.




35
351
3511
3519
352
3523

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

$12.25 $12.09 $12.64 $12.58
11.25 11.33 11.41 11.43
9.29
9.65
9.39
9.30
13.37 13.91 13.67 13.67
9.04
9.32
9.22
9.05
9.50
9.32
9.51
9.43
10.37 10.37 10.66 10.70
9.35
9.39
9.97 10.02
9.63
9.37
9.64
9.23
11.16 11.24 11.42 11.48
10.58 10.64 10.79 10.78
10.05 10.16 10.15 10.16
10.88 10.85 11.17 11.08

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

$498.58
473.63
396.68
556.19
380.58
379.32
462.50
429.17
406.66
497.74
448.59
437.18
467.84

$496.90
479.26
399.90
592.57
381.91
384.74
450.06
415.98
395.97
478.82
454.33
449.07
481.74

$529.62
474.66
392.50
571.41
387.24
386.11
470.11
452.64
425.12
494.49
453.18
427.32
480.31

$529.62
472.06
411.09
565.94
383.98
383.80
478.29
453.91
422.76
516.60
452.76
428.75
470.90

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

12.19
14.03
14.78
10.94
11.03
11.54
11.86
10.29
13.45
13.66
11.74
11.06
13.96
11.94
9.63
9.85

12.22
14.01
14.73
10.88
11.15
11.72
12.00
10.29
13.44
13.69
11.78
11.03
13.98
12.00
9.72
9.95

12.47
14.38
15.17
11.19
11.18
11.71
12.33
10.50
13.99
14.27
11.95
11.25
14.49
12.07
9.88
10.16

12.45 $12.54 531.48
14.41 14.52 615.92
654.75
15.21
458.39
11.27
484.22
11.17
508.91
11.64
498.12
12.25
451.73
10.61
578.35
13.89
584.65
14.23
515.39
11.89
478.90
11.20
632.39
14.31
520.58
11.96
404.46
9.90
418.63
10.12

536.46
616.44
654.01
465.66
492.83
519.20
518.40
450.70
592.70
598.25
518.32
484.22
634.69
524.40
413.10
426.86

534.96
619.78
659.90
463.27
475.15
497.68
512.93
438.90
604.37
612.18
524.61
504.00
634.66
521.42
404.09
418.59

526.64
610.98
647.95
471.09
465.79
487.72
494.90
432.89
608.38
619.01
511.27
479.36
609.61
510.69
403.92
415.93

$534.20
618.55

10.34
13.51
14.41
10.27
9.36
10.67
9.42
8.97
9.36
9.71
10.38
8.06
10.35
9.97
9.23
10.13
9.51
10.78
12.38
12.79
14.16
9.49
8.24
8.25
8.23
11.35
11.04
9.55
10.31
8.56

10.36
13.67
14.52
10.29
9.38
10.70
9.39
9.03
9.36
9.71
10.32
8.17
10.32
9.99
8.83
10.14
9.51
10.80
12.38
12.90
13.99
9.50
8.32
8.27
8.41
11.33
11.04
9.61
10.41
8.65

10.64
13.96
14.86
10.57
9.68
11.01
9.62
9.14
9.60
9.99
10.51
8.38
10.76
10.32
9.30
10.40
9.82
11.01
12.76
13.32
14.54
9.93
8.56
8.55
8.59
11.78
11.63
9.89
10.70
8.52

10.57
13.76
14.66
10.58
9.72
10.99
9.57
9.17
9.42
9.93
10.44
8.37
10.71
10.18
9.26
10.37
9.79
10.98
12.56
13.06
14.31
9.91
8.58
8.56
8.63
11.77
11.65
9.90
10.76
8.51

10.61 434.28
606.60
651.33
425.18
384.70
439.60
385.28
365.08
380.95
400.05
438.04
322.40
437.81
399.80
376.58
436.60
395.62
481.87
537.29
552.53
640.03
391.94
340.31
338.25
344.84
469.89
452.64
401.10
433.02
349.25

441.34
626.09
675.18
430.12
385.52
448.33
390.62
374.75
388.44
404.91
436.54
330.89
444.79
402.60
368.21
446.16
402.27
495.72
547.20
571.47
647.74
392.35
347.78
345.69
352.38
469.06
439.39
405.54
441.38
354.65

443.69
614.24
659.78
437.60
396.88
452.51
396.34
370.17
407.04
415.58
450.88
336.04
459.45
418.99
375.72
437.84
402.62
476.73
539.75
558.11
629.58
407.13
350.96
347.99
356.49
490.05
471.02
409.45
446.19
344.21

438.66
591.68
634.78
436.95
403.38
447.29
398.11
373.22
402.23
413.09
446.83
337.31
454.10
415.34
371.33
435.54
400.41
474.34
527.52
543.30
615.33
405.32
350.92
348.39
357.28
482.57
468.33
406.89
445.46
341.25

442.44

11.11
13.82
14.15
13.71
10.39
11.15

11.22
14.06
14.44
13.93
10.74
11.61

11.41
14.03
14.45
13.87
10.70
11.45

11.43
14.15
14.67
13.94
10.69
11.56

11.47 473.29
610.84
632.51
604.61
428.07
461.61

480.22
632.70
665.68
621.28
443.56
485.30

482.64
592.07
619.91
581.15
440.84
480.90

480.06
601.38
654.28
581.30
438.29
479.74

485.18

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves ...
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ...
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories ...
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies ....
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
See footnotes at end of table.


86


1972
SIC
Code

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356

3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359

3592
3599
36
361
3612

3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632

3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366

3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674

3679
369
3691
3694

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

43.0
43.8
42.1
42.8
42.6
41.7
43.6
43.3
45.1
44.3
41.8
43.3
42.5
42.8
42.7
39.6
43.0
43.3
44.4
42.4
41.5
43.2
41.5
41.7
41.8
41.6
42.1
42.0
42.5
42.0

43.1
43.6
42.7
42.4
43.8
41.9
43.8
44.0
45.9
44.2
42.5
43.2
42.7
43.1
42.2
39.2
43.2
43.4
44.3
43.6
42.3
42.9
42.4
41.7
42.1
42.2
42.9
42.3
43.7
42.1

42.7
42.8
42.3
43.2
42.7
41.0
43.1
43.4
43.7
43.8
41.6
43.0
42.4
42.6
42.7
38.9
42.3
41.5
43.8
44.2
40.8
41.6
42.3
42.0
42.1
41.8
42.6
41.9
41.4
41.9

42.5
43.0
42.0
42.3
42.3
41.0
42.9
42.5
43.3
43.6
41.5
42.7
42.1
41.9
43.0
39.1
42.0
41.6
43.4
43.6
40.3
42.2
42.1
42.0
42.4
41.2
41.7
41.5
41.0
41.5

41.0
42.5
42.3
42.7
42.0
41.9
40.9
40.7
40.9
40.2
41.8
39.9
40.3
38.8
41.2
39.3
42.1
41.3
40.2
40.9
40.0
40.4
42.4
39.9
40.7
43.5
44.8
43.5

41.4
43.2
42.9
43.5
42.6
42.6
41.5
41.6
42.2
41.9
43.1
40.3
40.2
39.8
40.8
38.6
42.8
42.3
40.6
40.7
40.5
40.8
43.2
40.2
41.2
43.3
43.7
43.8

41.1
41.6
41.9
41.3
41.9
42.3
40.9
39.3
36.0
39.0
42.3
40.3
40.7
39.9
41.1
38.7
41.7
41.2
41.5
44.2
40.5
40.8
41.5
40.5
41.4
42.5
43.0
43.3

41.0
41.3
41.3
41.3
41.5
41.4
40.8
39.9
38.1
40.1
42.0
40.2
41.3
39.9
40.9
38.9
40.9
39.8
41.3
43.5
40.5
40.8
43.1
40.7
41.1
41.9
42.9
42.2

Average overtime hours
Nov.
1989P

41.2

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

4.0
3.9
4.1
4.6
4.6
3.2
5.5
4.9
6.9
6.3
4.4
4.0
4.9
4.3
4.1
5.1
4.9
4.3
6.5
4.4
3.6
5.1
4.9
3.5
3.3
3.3
3.5
4.8
4.8
4.9

4.2
3.8
4.3
4.7
5.4
3.3
5.7
5.3
7.0
6.3
4.9
3.8
5.0
4.4
3.8
4.5
4.9
4.4
6.4
5.2
3.6
5.3
5.1
3.5
3.5
3.6
4.1
4.9
5.8
4.8

4.4
4.4
4.6
4.8
4.9
3.4
5.3
5.2
5.9
6.0
4.2
3.8
4.9
4.7
4.1
4.6
4.4
3.8
5.9
5.5
3.0
4.4
4.9
3.4
3.5
3.2
3.4
4.3
3.8
4.4

4.1
4.0
4.7
4.5
4.6
3.3
5.0
4.6
5.4
5.7
4.1
3.8
4.4
4.3
4.1
3.4
4.2
4.3
5.3
4.7
2.7
5.0
4.6
3.2
3.5
2.5
2.7
4.1
3.5
4.2

3.5
4.0
3.8
4.2
3.9
4.2
2.6
3.9
5.2
2.1
4.3
3.1
2.7
2.5
3.8
2.5
4.6
3.8
2.4
2.4
2.4
3.3
4.3
3.5
3.3
4.8
5.1
5.4

3.6
4.1
4.2
4.0
4.0
4.4
2.9
4.3
6.5
3.1
4.9
3.3
3.0
2.8
3.0
2.8
4.7
4.0
2.7
2.8
2.6
3.4
4.5
3.5
3.4
4.7
4.0
5.6

3.4
3.2
3.1
3.4
4.0
4.5
3.0
2.5
1.6
1.3
4.4
3.0
3.0
2.8
3.2
2.3
4.0
3.2
2.7
3.3
2.4
3.8
3.4
4.6
3.8
4.0
4.6
4.6

3.2
3.0
3.1
3.0
3.4
3.7
2.5
2.5
1.8
1.4
3.9
3.0
3.1
3.0
2.7
2.6
3.3
2.4
2.6
2.8
2.5
3.6
3.3
4.3
3.6
3.6
4.6
3.9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1972
SIC

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356

3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585

359
3592
3599
36
361
3612

3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366

3661
3662
367

Average hourly earnings

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

$11.06 $11.22 $11.47 $11.50
12.86
12.35
12.67
12.93
11.53
11.31
11.22
11.58
11.18
10.64
10.77
11.15
10.32
10.03
10.16
10.30
10.19
9.84
9.86
10.23
11.85
11.53
11.58
11.86
11.78
11.42
11.47
11.75
12.16
11.94
11.98
12.27
12.70
12.38
12.40
12.69
10.60
10.26
10.42
10.61
9.41
9.06
9.07
9.40
11.66
11.28
11.36
11.65
11.72
11.15
11.24
11.71
9.41
9.76
9.78
9.33
12.39
12.72
12.65
12.37
10.76
11.07
11.11
10.67
11.46
11.58
11.66
11.28
11.33
11.63
11.72
11.13
10.71
10.94
11.03
10.62
9.52
9.50
9.85
9.81
10.67 10.76 11.22 11.35
10.59 10.61 10.41 10.52
10.87 10.93 11.16 11.18
10.81 10.89 11.14 11.15
10.70 10.74 10.74 10.66
10.91 10.93 10.81 10.74
10.74 10.83 11.06 11.08
12.90 13.19 13.35 13.26
10.44 10.50 10.77 10.81

10.16
9.42
9.26
9.59
10.08
10.12

9.80
10.07
11.92
11.91
7.47

9.60
10.82
9.45
9.31
6.85
9.57
10.07
12.12
11.56
12.34

3671-3
3674

9.25
11.36
11.18

3679
369

10.75

3691
3694

11.55
11.25

8.27

10.24

10.47

9.43
9.31
9.55

9.63

10.09
10.12

9.35

9.91
10.30
10.25

9.85
10.14
12.15

10.22

12.02
7.48
9.67
10.93

11.89
7.47
9.88

9.48
9.39
6.89
9.69
10.27
12.23
11.70

12.43
9.29
11.48

9.99
11.65

11.22
9.77

9.41
7.32
9.37
9.74
12.61
11.77
12.96
9.78
12.23

11.22
8.30
11.08
11.60

11.94

11.79

11.54

8.68

11.06
12.08

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1989 P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

$475.58
540.93
476.15
455.39
427.28
410.33
502.71
494.49
538.49
548.43
428.87
392.30
479.40
477.22
398.39
489.85
458.81
488.42
494.17
450.29
395.08
460.94
439.49
453.28
451.86
445.12
459.31
451.08
548.25
438.48

$483.58
552.41
479.09
456.65
445.01
413.13
507.20
504.68
549.88
548.08
442.85
391.82
485.07
484.44
397.10
485.69
464.83
497.36
501.92
466.96
401.85
461.60
449.86
455.78
458.47
453.23
468.90
458.11
576.40
442.05

$489.77
550.41
487.72
482.98
440.66
417.79
510.74
511.25
531.39
556.26
440.96
404.63
494.38
499.27
416.75
494.81
468.26
480.57
509.39
483.55
401.88
466.75
440.34
468.72
468.99
448.93
460.51
463.41
552.69
451.26

$488.75
555.99
486.36
471.65
435.69
419.43
508.79
499.38
531.29
553.28
440.32
401.38
490.47
490.65
420.54
494.62
466.62
485.06
508.65
480.91
395.34
478.97
442.89
469.56
472.76
439.19
447.86
459.82
543.66
448.62

423.94
407.38
399.40
415.43
429.83
431.11
408.78
421.82
512.73
503.64
322.39
389.70
439.39
377.30
383.11
265.95
414.73
434.42
496.54
476.19
503.42
379.03
495.94
451.04
341.96
479.76
506.92
516.40

430.32
400.61
391.77
409.28
431.57
433.58
418.00
392.61
419.40
463.71
315.98
398.16
456.65
389.82
386.75
283.28
390.73
401.29
523.32
520.23
524.88
399.02
507.55
483.57
359.35
470.05
519.44
499.68

428.04
398.13
383.26
412.59
423.30
420.62
409.22
402.99
444.25
478.39
315.84
397.98
464.63
392.62
386.51
287.08
379.55
387.25
520.38
508.52
525.29
396.58
524.53
477.41
356.34
463.41
510.94
487.41

10.44 $10.50 416.56
9.64
400.35
9.28
391.70
409.49
9.99
423.36
10.20
424.03
10.16
400.82
10.03
409.85
10.10
487.53
11.66
478.78
11.93
312.25
7.52
383.04
9.90
436.05
11.25
366.66
9.84
383.57
9.45
269.21
7.38
402.90
9.28
415.89
9.73
487.22
12.60
472.80
11.69
493.60
12.97
373.70
9.72
481.66
12.17
446.08
11.73
336.59
8.67
467.63
11.06
517.44
11.91
489.38
11.55

Oct.
1989P

See footnotes at end of table.




87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Average overtime hours
Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

43.1
44.0
44.3
42.4
44.2
40.5
42.5
42.3
42.2
43.2
40.7
41.6
39.6
43.1
43.5
43.6
40.1
38.5

43.6
44.6
45.1
41.0
45.1
40.6
43.2
43.0
43.1
43.7
40.9
41.5
39.9
43.6
43.5
43.3
39.3
38.5

42.8
43.4
43.6
42.6
43.6
40.3
42.9
42.7
42.9
43.1
40.6
41.3
39.4
44.1
43.0
43.1
40.3
39.2

41.4
43.1
44.0
41.6
42.9
39.8
38.2
35.1
43.1
39.6
40.4
40.9
39.3
42.6
43.8
44.2
39.9
38.5

41.1
42.9

5.1
5.7
5.8
4.3
6.0
2.8
5.1
4.8
5.2
5.5
3.0
3.4
2.5
4.7
4.7
4.7
2.6
1.8

5.3
6.0
6.5
3.6
6.3
2.5
5.4
4.9
5.9
5.8
3.0
3.4
2.3
4.5
4.9
4.8
2.5
2.1

4.8
4.9
5.0
4.4
5.1
2.7
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.5
3.2
3.5
2.8
4.9
4.6
4.8
2.7
2.0

4.4
4.6
5.0
3.4
4.7
2.1
5.0
4.6
5.7
5.3
2.8
3.0
2.4
4.3
4.2
4.2
2.6
1.8

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

41.7
42.0
41.2
39.6
43.2
40.5
44.3
40.9
40.4
41.2
39.6
45.0
42.7

42.0
42.5
42.4
40.5
44.1
42.4
44.9
40.7
40.1
41.2
40.3
43.7
42.4

41.0
42.5
40.5
39.9
42.1
39.9
43.5
40.6
40.8
40.2
39.5
42.5
38.9

41.1
42.3
41.0
39.6
41.9
41.4
42.7
40.8
40.6
40.6
38.9
42.1
39.2

41.7

3.2
3.2
2.9
2.2
4.1
2.4
3.7
2.8
2.4
3.1
3.0
4.8
4.0

3.3
3.6
3.2
2.6
4.3
2.8
4.0
2.8
2.7
3.0
3.3
4.7
3.5

2.8
2.5
2.6
2.2
3.6
2.1
2.7
3.0
3.3
2.4
2.8
3.3
2.1

2.7
2.6
2.6
1.8
3.6
2.2
2.7
3.0
3.2
2.5
2.6
3.0
2.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

39.6
39.5
38.8
39.7
39.2
38.9
39.4
39.9
38.5
36.2
40.3
40.9

39.8
39.7
39.2
39.9
39.7
39.4
40.0
39.4
39.3
38.4
40.1
40.2

39.3
38.6
38.4
38.5
39.1
38.7
39.4
40.7
38.6
37.7
39.8
40.2

39.5
39.3
39.4
39.5
39.4
39.1
39.7
40.8
38.6
37.6
39.6
40.2

40.0

2.9
3.7
3.5
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.1
2.7
2.7
2.3
3.4
3.8

2.8
3.5
3.6
2.5
2.2
1.9
2.4
2.6
2,8
2.8
3.2
3.2

2.8
2.5
2.4
2.0
2.5
1.9
3.0
2.9
3.6
4.1
2.9
3.3

2.9
3.4
3.6
2.1
2.7
2.5
2.8
3.0
2.8
3.5
2.9
3.6

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052

40.3
40.7
40.9
42.6
40.6
39.5
40.7
39.4
42.1
40.4
43.7
39.2
40.0
45.0
47.5
43.7
40.3
39.3
42.7

40.5
40.9
41.1
42.2
41.1
40.2
40.9
39.1
42.4
40.0
44.0
39.0
39.0
45.2
48.0
43.4
40.2
38.6
44.0

40.5
41.5
41.6
43.3
41.7
40.4
41.4
39.5
42.4
41.4
44.4
41.2
41.4
45.0
49.5
42.8
40.0
39.3
41.8

40.3
41.0
40.9
42.2
40.9
40.1
40.6
39.3
41.6
40.8
44.6
39.9
41.0
44.6
48.1
43.7
40.0
39.1
42.0

40.4
41.1

3.9
4.6
4.8
6.2
4.4
3.6
4.0
3.5
4.7
4.8
5.8
5.0
4.8
6.9
8.0
6.9
4.2
4.2
4.2

3.8
4.5
4.9
5.6
4.7
4.2
4.1
3.5
4.8
4.2
6.7
4.1
3.8
6.9
7.9
6.5
4.2
4.2
4.3

4.1
5.4
5.4
6.9
5.7
4.1
4.7
3.9
5.4
6.5
8.7
7.5
6.3
7.0
9.1
6.4
4.3
4.4
4.1

3.9
4.9
4.7
5.7
4.8
4.1
3.9
3.3
4.7
5.5
9.0
6.1
5.4
6.4
8.3
6.7
4.3
4.3
4.4

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
See footnotes at end of table.


88


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed
Industry—Continued

industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies

Watches, clocks, and watchcases
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products

Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers

1972
SIC
Code

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387
39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052

Average hourly earnings

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

$13.45 $13.56 $13.89 $13.84 $13.82 $579.70
14.09 14.18 14.48 14.44 14.41 619.96
712.34
16.08 16.13 16.77 16.77
502.02
11.84 11.70 12.14 11.92
585.21
13.24 13.33 13.37 13.32
9.47
372.60
9.43
9.28
9.20
586.08
13.79 13.93 14.38 14.38
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
$587.00
$13.91 $14.12 $14.62 $14.54
546.91
12.66 12.79 13.05 13.00
418.80
10.29 10.42 10.60 10.63
480.48
11.55 11.66 11.51 11.52
335.41
8.47
9.04
9.04
8.55
530.99
12.32 12.40 12.90 12.99
579.86
13.33 13.39 13.97 13.96
2
2
2
2
()
()
()
()
$411.03
$10.25 $10.34 $10.55 $10.49
336.11
8.73
9.31
9.29
8.93

$591.22
632.43
727.46
479.70

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

$594.49 $572.98
628.43 622.36
731.17

737.88

517.16

495.87
571.43

601.18

582.93

376.77
601.78

381.64
616.90

375.31

$608.57
558.92
426.18
483.89
341.15
540.64
582.47

$627.20
562.46
430.36
475.36
356.18
568.89
600.71

$626.67
514.80
429.45
471.17
355.27
553.37
611.45

549.32

$406.36 $425.17 $418.55
343.81 364.17 358.44

13.65
7.44

10.07
11.38
9.71
9.26
9.52
9.70
11.11
9.11
9.44
8.75
7.69
13.59
7.37

8.10
8.79
8.90
7.99
7.27
7.00
7.47
7.99
6.88
6.61
8.86
9.33

8.12
8.83
9.02
8.03
7.31
7.06
7.50
8.02
6.86
6.54
8.89
9.29

8.39
9.00
9.02
8.43
7.62
7.27
7.89
8.34
7.15
6.62
9.18
9.72

8.43
9.13
9.18
8.51
7.62
7.32
7.85
8.47
7.11
6.63
9.22
9.78

8.55 320.76

347.21
345.32
317.20
284.98
272.30
294.32
318.80
264.88
239.28
357.06
381.60

323.18
350.55
353.58
320.40
290.21
278.16
300.00
315.99
269.60
251.14
356.49
373.46

329.73
347.40
346.37
324.56
297.94
281.35
310.87
339.44
275.99
249.57
365.36
390.74

332.99
358.81
361.69
336.15
300.23
286.21
311.65
345.58
274.45
249.29
365.11
393.16

9.49
9.03
7.60
8.48

9.54

9.80
9.32

8.94

9.05
6.46

9.79
9.27
7.77
8.65
9.19
6.60
10.22
9.47

9.86 382.45
9.42 367.52
310.84
361.25
362.96
252.41
404.56
361.69
434.47
328.05
453.17
310.86
298.00
502.20
518.70
382.38
413.08
400.47
443.23

386.37
374.24
314.00
359.12
371.96
259.69
408.59
360.89
439.69
332.40
454.52
319.80
293.67
513.47
536.64
378.01
417.28
399.51
458.92

396.90
386.78
327.81
382.77
389.90
267.85
427.25
380.78
453.26
347.76
467.98
346.49
310.91
507.60
542.03
383.06
422.00
411.47
449.77

394.54
380.07
317.79
365.03
375.87
264.66
414.93
372.17
442.21
345.58
471.87
337.55
311.19
496.40
523.81
388.49
422.40
407.81
456.12

10.08

11.33
9.73
9.23
9.48
9.83
11.01
9.05
9.34
8.73
7.75

6.39
9.94
9.18
10.32
8.12

9.15
7.64

8.51
9.99
9.23
10.37
8.31

7.93
7.45
11.16
10.92
8.75

10.33
8.20
7.53
11.36
11.18
8.71

10.25

10.38

10.19
10.38

10.35
10.43

10.37

10.32
11.56

10.10
9.23
9.81
10.46
11.19
9.33
9.44

10.34
11.63

Nov.
1988

10.15

9.20
7.79

9.30
9.88
10.48
11.44
9.35
9.50
9.21
7.81

13.72
7.44

13.63
7.44

7.88
8.84

9.35
6.63
10.32
9.64
10.69
8.40
10.54
8.41
7.51

11.28
10.95
8.95
10.55
10.47
10.76

10.63
8.47

10.58
8.46
7.59
11.13
10.89
8.89
10.56

10.43
10.86

10.35 420.34
475.86
400.88
365.51
409.54
398.12
487.74
370.15
377.34
359.68
306.90
614.25
317.69

422.94
483.65
411.70
375.03
419.83
411.28
498.84
370.78
378.54
360.50
309.91
593.88
312.49

423.12
491.30
409.05
368.28
413.00
417.35
486.77
378.80
385.15
369.84
307.71
583.10
289.42

424.97
491.95
416.15
368.28
413.97
433.87
488.49
381.48
385.70
373.93
303.81
573.82
291.65

See footnotes at end of table.




89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

209

41.3
42.2
40.6
43.7
40.1
42.4
38.3
38.0

41.7
44.4
40.2
44.4
40.7
42.6
39.6
38.4

41.8
43.5
40.7
44.6
41.4
42.9
40.7
39.4

41.4
43.2
40.5
44.8
41.5
43.7
40.1
39.4

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

41.3
40.9

40.3
40.8

40.3
39.2

40.9
41.0

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226

41.2
41.5
42.1
42.6
41.9
39.8
38.9
39.0
39.3
39.5
41.1
42.3
43.6
42.0
43.2
40.4
40.9
37.8
42.4

41.4
41.3
42.1
42.0
42.3
40.2
39.4
39.1
40.3
39.2
40.9
42.4
43.5
41.9
43.4
40.6
41.1
38.3
42.4

41.0
41.9
41.1
40.7
41.2
39.8
38.7
39.4
39.4
39.4
41.6
42.3
43.6
42.0
41.9
40.9
41.5
37.4
42.4

37.1
36.5
36.6
37.2
36.2
35.3
35.4
36.4
35.2
35.9
35.2
38.5
39.1
35.6
36.8
36.5
39.1
39.7
36.2
40.6
43.0

37.3
37.0
37.0
37.3
35.9
35.9
35.8
36.1
35.0
36.1
36.0
38.4
38.9
35.9
37.6
37.3
39.1
39.6
36.2
39.6
43.6

43.3
45.2
45.3
44.5
41.7
43.1
40.9
41.7
43.1
42.9
43.9
41.6

43.4
45.5
45.6
44.4
41.8
43.0
41.2
41.9
43.1
43.0
43.7
42.5

206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086

2261

2262
227
228
2281
2282

229

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265

See footnotes at end of table.

Digitized
90for FRASER


2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238

239
2391

2392
2396

2651

2653
2654

Average overtime hours
Nov.
1989P

Oct.

Nov.

Sept.

1988

1988

1989

Oct.
1989P

4.4
7.0
3.6
5.7
3.3
5.3
2.0
3.7

4.3
7.4
3.3
5.7
3.5
5.7
2.6
3.9

4.9
6.9
4.2
6.7
4.2
6.0
3.3
4.3

4.7
6.9
3.9
6.7
4.1
5.8
2.9
4.3

39.3

2.6
2.5

2.6
2.9

3.0
3.0

3.8
4.4

40.9
42.1
41.1
39.8
40.2
39.7
38.9
39.1
39.5
39.8
41.0
41.9
42.8
42.0
41.9
40.8
41.4
37.7
41.9

40.9

4.2
4.4
4.7
3.6
4.3
3.6
3.0
2.7
4.0
2.0
5.1
4.8
5.3
4.5
4.7
4.0
4.3
2.4
4.3

4.2
4.0
4.6
3.6
4.6
3.7
3.1
2.6
4.3
2.0
4.9
5.5
6.2
5.0
4.6
3.9
4.2
2.5
4.4

4.2
4.7
4.2
3.4
3.4
3.7
2.8
3.2
4.2
1.8
4.9
5.2
5.6
5.2
4.5
4.2
4.5
2.7
4.7

4.1
4.8
4.2
2.9
3.2
3.7
2.8
3.1
4.6
2.0
4.4
5.0
5.2
4.9
4.5
4.1
4.4
2.8
4.3

37.0
35.9
37.2
37.6
34.9
36.9
34.8
34.6
34.0
35.6
34.9
38.0
38.4
35.6
37.3
37.1
38.1
39.7
36.6
40.5
40.5

37.2
36.1
37.3
37.2
35.5
36.5
35.3
35.4
34.2
34.7
35.9
38.0
38.5
35.5
37.4
37.7
38.3
39.6
36.3
40.7
41.6

37.2

1.9
1.5
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.6
1.3
1.6
2.1
1.5
2.2
2.2
2.0
1.7
1.3
2.9
3.4
1.4
3.6
6.4

2.0
1.5
1.6
1.3
1.4
1.6
1.3
1.4
2.2
1.7
1.9
1.9
2.2
1.8
1.7
2.9
3.4
1.2
3.2
7.1

2.0
1.1
1.7
1.7
1.3
1.7
1.5
1.2
1.5
2.3
1.4
1.7
1.8
1.2
1.8
1.7
2.4
3.4
2.4
3.5
4.0

2.0
1.1
1.7
1.6
1.3
1.7
1.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
1.5
1.9
2.0
1.5
1.9
2.1
2.7
3.4
2.2
3.8
4.5

43.7
45.4
45.9
45.7
42.2
43.2
41.6
42.2
43.4
42.4
44.4
42.8

43.5
45.3
45.8
44.9
42.0
42.8
41.6
42.5
43.0
42.2
44.1
42.2

43.8

5.3
6.3
6.3
7.3
4.3
4.3
3.5
4.7
4.9
4.9
5.4
3.6

5.1
6.5
6.5
6.7
4.0
4.3
3.3
4.5
4.8
4.7
5.4
3.5

5.6
6.8
7.1
7.9
4.4
4.0
3.4
4.8
5.2
4.8
5.8
4.9

5.4
6.6
6.8
7.3
4.3
3.9
3.7
5.1
4.9
4.6
5.5
4.6

1.2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

209

$9.87
11.52
8.71
10.19
12.99
18.19
10.27
8.94

$9.42
9.95

17.01
9.76
8.50

10.41
8.26
9.42
12.43
17.26
9.82
8.68

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

14.01
17.63

14.56
17.73

14.69
18.97

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282

7.45
7.72
8.03
7.98
6.88
6.70
6.63
6.46
6.33
6.54
7.58
7.90
7.89
8.17
7.90
7.15
7.13
7.30
8.47

7.47
7.69
8.04
8.18
6.91
6.73
6.67
6.51
6.34
6.59
7.61
7.96
7.93
8.19
7.82
7.19
7.17
7.27
8.58

7.76
8.05
8.39
8.37
7.13
7.06
6.84
6.84
6.84
6.99
7.76
8.21
8.17
8.57
8.01
7.45
7.45
7.59
8.72

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337

6.22
6.94
5.62
5.53
5.47
5.59
5.99
5.16
6.43
6.63
5.88
5.78
5.65
6.53
5.49
5.56
6.13
7.51
6.11
6.32
11.55

6.25
7.01
5.69
5.58
5.47
5.63
5.99
5.14
6.42
6.66
5.88
5.78
5.64
6.58
5.55
5.62
6.13
7.58
6.05
6.29
11.75

26
261,2,6

11.68

11.74
14.53

262
263
264

14.41
14.60
10.09
11.38

14.58
10.13
11.31

9.64

9.60

9.41
10.02

9.46
10.05
10.47
10.23
9.86

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086

229

2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238

239
2391

2392
2396

2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653

2654

$9.31
10.48
8.24

9.30
12.33

14.42

10.44
10.22
9.74

$9.33

14.57

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

$384.50 $389.06 $412.57
442.26 462.20 501.12
334.54 332.05 354.50
406.41 418.25 454.47

$389.99
429.84
345.87
442.62

494.43
721.22

505.90
735.28

537.79
780.35

373.81
323.00

388.87
333.31

417.99
352.24

541.58
793.16
415.04
349.08

15.05 $15.03 578.61
721.07
19.29

586.77
723.38

592.01
743.62

615.55
790.89

7.77
8.05
8.39
8.52
7.15
7.10
6.85
6.80
6.96
6.99
7.75
8.22
8.17
8.55
7.98
7.46
7.46
7.51
8.70

7.82 306.94
320.38
338.06
339.95
288.27
266.66
257.91
251.94
248.77
258.33
311.54
334.17
344.00
343.14
341.28
288.86
291.62
275.94
359.13

309.26
317.60
338.48
343.56
292.29
270.55
262.80
254.54
255.50
258.33
311.25
337.50
344.96
343.16
339.39
291.91
294.69
278.44
363.79

318.16
337.30
344.83
340.66
293.76
280.99
264.71
269.50
269.50
275.41
322.82
347.28
356.21
359.94
335.62
304.71
309.18
283.87
369.73

317.79
338.91
344.83
339.10
287.43
281.87
266.47
265.88
274.92
278.20
317.75
344.42
349.68
359.10
334.36
304.37
308.84
283.13
364.53

6.41
7.15
5.86
5.77
5.61
5.78
6.16
5.36
6.56
6.65
6.07
6.01
5.86
6.84
5.72
5.69
6.25
7.63
6.53
6.50
11.62

6.39
7.22
5.85
5.78
5.61
5.72
6.13
5.30
6.60
6.60
6.03
5.99
5.82
6.92
5.73
5.66
6.27
7.61
6.46
6.42
11.72

6.42 230.76
253.31
205.69
205.72
198.01
197.33
212.05
187.82
226.34
238.02
206.98
222.53
220.92
232.47
202.03
202.94
239.68
298.15
221.18
256.59
496.65

233.13
259.37
210.53
208.13
196.37
202.12
214.44
185.55
224.70
240.43
211.68
221.95
219.40
236.22
208.68
209.63
239.68
300.17
219.01
249.08
512.30

237.17
256.69
217.99
216.95
195.79
213.28
214.37
185.46
223.04
236.74
211.84
228.38
225.02
243.50
213.36
211.10
238.13
302.91
239.00
263.25
470.61

237.71
260.64
218.21
215.02
199.16
208.78
216.39
187.62
225.72
229.02
216.48
227.62
224.07
245.66
214.30
213.38
240.14
301.36
234.50
261.29
487.55

11.99
14.81
14.84
14.96
10.43
11.70
9.81
9.68
10.19
10.61
10.35
10.10

11.97
14.88
14.89
14.89
10.39
11.64
9.81
9.75
10.15
10.60
10.32
10.12

12.12 505.74
651.78
652.77
649.70
420.75
490.48
394.28
392.40
431.86
447.88
448.66
405.18

509.52
661.12
664.39
647.35
423.43
486.33
395.52
396.37
433.16
450.21
447.05
419.05

523.96
672.37
681.16
683.67
440.15
505.44
408.10
408.50
442.25
449.86
459.54
432.28

520.70
674.06
681.96
668.56
436.38
498.19
408.10
414.38
436.45
447.32
455.11
427.06

8.54
9.88
13.05
18.15
10.35
8.86

See footnotes at end of table.




91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

1972
SIC
Code

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275

2751
2752
276
278
279

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Average overtime hours
Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

38.1
33.5
38.5
38.2
37.2
39.7
36.7
39.6
39.4
39.6
41.2
39.5
39.0

38.1
34.0
38.2
38.3
37.4
39.6
36.3
39.5
39.4
39.4
41.8
39.3
38.6

38.3
33.4
38.2
38.9
37.8
40.5
35.9
40.1
39.8
40.0
41.5
37.9
39.9

37.8
33.4
37.8
38.4
37.8
39.3
35.3
39.4
39.1
39.3
41.7
37.1
39.4

38.1

3.4
1.5
3.6
3.6
2.7
5.0
2.5
3.9
3.3
4.2
3.8
3.8
4.4

3.3
1.8
3.1
3.1
2.1
4.7
2.5
3.8
3.3
4.0
4.2
3.4
4.1

3.5
1.5
3.7
3.6
2.3
5.4
2.0
4.3
3.8
4.3
4.2
3.1
4.9

3.1
1.4
3.8
2.9
1.9
4.4
1.8
3.8
3.3
3.8
4.0
2.9
4.4

42.6
43.0
42.9
43.7
44.4
43.3
41.2
41.0
40.5
43.4
40.6
38.8
41.8
44.7
42.4
45.4
43.5
42.5

42.5
42.7
42.1
43.3
43.6
43.5
41.6
41.5
40.6
42.6
42.0
38.9
41.8
44.4
43.5
44.7
43.7
42.4

42.4
42.8
42.2
43.0
43.9
42.7
41.5
41.4
39.6
41.9
41.1
37.4
41.6
44.9
43.5
45.3
43.8
42.5

42.7

4.2
4.7
4.6
5.4
5.6
5.3
3.2
3.2
2.8
4.8
3.2
1.5
3.6
5.4
5.0
5.5
5.7
3.9

4.1
4.5
4.4
5.0
5.4
4.6
3.6
3.6
2.5
4.3
2.5
1.5
3.2
5.5
4.4
5.8
4.8
3.9

4.5
4.4
4.3
5.0
5.3
4.8
3.9
3.8
3.5
5.5
3.7
2.3
4.3
5.6
5.0
5.7
5.3
4.1

4.3
4.3
4.1
4.9
5.4
4.3
3.9
3.8
2.9
4.9
3.6
1.2
3.8
5.8
5.5
5.9
5.4
4.2

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee .
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

286
2865
2861,9
287
289

42.3
43.1
43.2
43.8
44.0
43.9
40.7
40.3
39.5
42.5
40.6
37.4
41.6
44.4
42.5
44.9
43.9
42.4

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

44.7
44.7
45.7

44.2
44.6
43.6

44.4
44.3
46.2

44.8
44.0
48.8

44.8

6.0
5.7
8.1

5.4
5.2
6.7

5.9
5.2
9.3

6.4
5.4
10.9

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

30
301
302

41.7
44.9
41.4

42.0
45.2
40.3

41.5
42.4
40.1

41.4
42.3
42.6

41.5

4.3
6.5
2.3

4.4
6.4
2.3

4.1
5.0
2.5

3.9
4.4
3.2

303,4
306
307

43.9
41.6
41.1

43.9
41.8
41.5

43.2
41.6
41.3

43.1
41.8
41.1

4.3
3.7
4.2

4.1
3.9
4.2

4.7
3.8
4.1

4.3
3.7
3.9

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31

37.9
40.9
37.3
37.1
37.3
38.9
37.5

37.4
40.7
36.7
35.9
36.9
39.2
36.8

38.1
41.9
37.5
37.9
36.4
39.9
37.8

37.9
41.6
36.9
37.4
36.0
40.1
38.0

37.6

2.0
3.5
1.6
1.0
2.0
3.0
2.7

2.1
3.9
1.5
1.0
2.2
3.8
2.2

2.2
4.8
1.8
1.4
1.8
3.0
2.3

2.1
4.3
1.4
1.2
1.4
3.4
2.8

39.5

39.3

39.4

39.6

39.4

4011

45.2

46.0

42.3

42.1

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

41
413

34.7
38.8
40.8

33.9
38.4
39.3

33.5
37.8
39.2

33.8
38.2
40.0

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

38.7
38.5
40.9

38.3
38.1
40.3

38.8
38.7
39.7

39.1
38.9
41.0

Pipe lines, except natural gas

46

41.5

41.0

41.5

41.0

28
281
2819
282

2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285

311

314
3143

3144
316
317

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

See footnotes at end of table.


92


411

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals

Books

1972
SIC
Code

27
271

272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

9.38
10.11
9.98
10.93
10.47
11.08
11.04
8.50
13.14

11.51
11.43
8.80
13.50

286
2865
2861,9
287
289

12.78
13.98
13.98
13.25
14.21
12.50
12.23
11.96
11.05
14.75
10.49
9.13
11.33
15.12
14.42
15.31
12.64
11.58

12.86
14.06
14.05
13.31
14.24
12.54
12.39
12.08
11.09
14.75
10.23
9.29
11.42
15.18
14.57
15.34
12.61
11.65

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

15.14
16.44
11.80

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

30
301
302

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

$10.68 $10.67 $11.05 $11.05 $11.00 $406.91
10.63
10.57
354.10
10.93
10.87
11.23
11.30
435.05
11.73
12.05
9.68
9.86
376.65
9.98 10.08

9.67
10.11
9.97
10.94
10.42
11.12
10.99
8.49
13.09

Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

9.63

9.71
10.61
10.13
11.32
10.98
11.42
11.38

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

$406.53 $423.22
361.42 365.06
428.99 448.09
370.74 388.22
350.81 364.01
400.36 424.04
362.27 362.95
431.74 455.54
412.52 435.01
436.55 460.40
461.47 474.35
334.05 333.52
507.20 538.65

$417.69
363.06

455.49
387.07
367.04

8.83
13.33

359.72
401.37
365.90
433.22
410.55
440.35
452.79
335.36
510.51

13.18
14.28
14.37
13.52
14.38
12.88
12.64
12.58
11.23
15.12
10.33
9.37
11.74
15.74
15.50
15.80
13.13
12.10

13.24
14.26
14.43
13.48
14.56
12.56
12.77
12.74
11.43
15.06
10.43
9.63
11.69
15.86
15.66
15.91
13.12
11.98

13.29 540.59
602.54
603.94
580.35
625.24
548.75
497.76
481.99
436.48
626.88
425.89
341.46
471.33
671.33
612.85
687.42
554.90
490.99

547.84
604.58
602.75
581.65
632.26
542.98
510.47
495.28
449.15
640.15
415.34
360.45
477.36
678.55
617.77
696.44
548.54
495.13

560.15
609.76
604.98
585.42
626.97
560.28
525.82
522.07
455.94
644.11
433.86
364.49
490.73
698.86
674.25
706.26
573.78
513.04

561.38
610.33
608.95
579.64
639.18
536.31
529.96
527.44
452.63
631.01
428.67
360.16
486.30
712.11
681.21
720.72
574.66
509.15

15.18
16.39
11.76

15.43
16.63
12.52

15.51
16.70
12.80

15.58 676.76
734.87
539.26

670.96
730.99
512.74

685.09
736.71
578.42

694.85
734.80
624.64

9.23
14.46
6.40

9.26
14.59
6.56

9.46
14.84
6.58

9.45
14.91
6.54

9.49 384.89
649.25
264.96

388.92
659.47
264.37

392.59
629.22
263.86

391.23
630.69
278.60

303,4
306
307

9.21
8.73
8.63

9.38
8.81
8.62

9.63
9.02
8.85

9.55
9.00
8.83

404.32
363.17
354.69

411.78
368.26
357.73

416.02
375.23
365.51

411.61
376.20
362.91

31

6.33
8.37
6.07
6.38
5.84
6.18
5.91

6.41
8.49
6.17
6.63
5.86
6.20
6.01

6.63
8.88
6.32
6.80
5.93
6.83
6.06

6.63
8.73
6.33
6.74
5.95
6.78
6.03

6.65 239.91
342.33
226.41
236.70
217.83
240.40
221.63

239.73
345.54
226.44
238.02
216.23
243.04
221.17

252.60
372.07
237.00
257.72
215.85
272.52
229.07

251.28
363.17
233.58
252.08
214.20
271.88
229.14

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285

311
314
3143
3144

316
317

10.47
10.11

11.36
10.93

416.97
357.59
446.01

429.32
448.81
474.55

327.59
525.20

12.42

12.46

12.70

12.69

12.68 490.59

489.68

500.38

502.52

4011

14.91

15.11

16.21

15.97

673.93

695.06

685.68

672.34

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

41
411

413

8.57
9.15
11.26

8.64
9.29
11.37

8.89
9.61
11.56

8.92
9.69
11.52

297.38
355.02
459.41

292.90
356.74
446.84

297.82
363.26
453.15

301.50
370.16
460.80

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

11.05
11.27
8.56

11.09
11.28
8.94

11.45
11.63

11.51
11.73
8.95

427.64
433.90
350.10

424.75
429.77
360.28

444.26
450.08
366.43

450.04
456.30
366.95

Pipe lines, except natural gas

46

15.94

15.94

16.22

16.35

661.51

653.54

673.13

670.35

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

9.23

See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

48
481
483

39.7
41.2
36.0

39.7
41.2
35.6

39.5
41.2
35.2

39.1
40.6
35.5

49

41.8
41.5
42.0
42.2
42.5

42.0
42.0
41.6
42.6
42.0

42.1
42.0
42.4
42.4
42.0

42.3
42.2
43.0
42.7
42.3

38.2

38.0

38.1

38.3

38.7
38.0
37.5
39.7
36.2
40.4
38.1
39.0
39.0
38.4

38.4
37.8
37.0
39.2
35.7
40.4
37.8
38.7
38.8
38.5

38.5
37.4
37.0
39.7
35.7
40.1
38.1
38.8
39.0
38.2

38.7
37.7
37.0
39.8
36.1
40.4
38.5
38.9
39.2
38.1

37.6
37.0
37.1
37.1
37.9
40.0
38.7
36.1
36.6

37.3
36.6
37.0
36.9
37.9
39.8
38.2
36.0
36.4

37.5
37.2
37.3
36.3
38.3
39.6
38.4
36.3
36.7

37.8
37.5
37.5
36.3
38.2
39.6
38.5
36.4
37.0

29.1

28.8

28.9

28.9

491

492
493

495

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

51
511

509

512
513

514
516
517
518
519

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

36.7
38.5
32.8

36.3
38.1
32.5

36.4
38.1
32.3

36.2
38.2
31.9

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

27.5
27.2
28.8
29.3

27.4
27.0
29.0
29.2

27.8
27.7
28.0
28.7

27.7
27.6
28.0
28.3

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

30.0
30.1
29.1

29.9
30.1
28.9

30.0
30.2
29.0

29.6
29.7
29.2

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

36.4
37.2
38.9
34.1

36.2
37.1
38.4
33.8

36.2
36.9
38.3
34.1

36.2
36.9
38.4
34.0

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

27.0
28.8
25.2
27.1
28.5

26.8
28.3
24.8
27.0
28.5

26.9
28.1
24.6
26.9
29.1

26.8
28.0
24.4
27.1
29.0

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

57
571
572
573

33.0
33.6
33.2
31.7

32.7
33.5
33.3
31.0

33.0
33.6
32.6
31.9

32.9
33.6
33.1
31.6

Eating and drinking places4

58

25.8

25.4

25.3

25.4

See footnotes at end of table.


94


Average overtime hours
Nov.
1989P

38.1

28.6

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

SIC
Code

48
481
483
49
491
492
493
495

Wholesale trade

Averagej weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

1972
Industry

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

$12.93 $12.96 $13.15 $13.17
13.63 13.66 13.89 13.90
11.74 11.84 12.21 12.23

Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

_
-

$513.32 $514.51 $519.43 $514.95
561.56 562.79 572.27 564.34
422.64 421.50 429.79 434.17

_
-

_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

14.56
14.59
13.66
17.36
11.29

14.64
14.79
13.62
17.26
11.32

14.90
15.20
13.77
17.49
11.52

15.02
15.33
14.23
17.47
11.42

608.61
605.49
573.72
732.59
479.83

614.88
621.18
566.59
735.28
475.44

627.29
638.40
583.85
741.58
483.84

635.35
646.93
611.89
745.97
483.07

10.10

10.07

10.47

10.49 $10.53 385.82

382.66

398.91

401.77 $401.19

Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509

10.36
9.37
9.55
9.82
9.64
10.73
10.81
9.67
11.12
8.12

10.30
9.32
9.40
9.78
9.27
10.66
10.82
9.55
11.06
8.10

10.74
9.79
9.89
10.20
10.18
11.00
11.10
10.16
11.50
8.49

10.78
9.85
9.97
10.24
10.26
11.00
11.14
10.22
11.52
8.55

_
_
_
_
_
_
-

400.93
356.06
358.13
389.85
348.97
433.49
411.86
377.13
433.68
311.81

395.52
352.30
347.80
383.38
330.94
430.66
409.00
369.59
429.13
311.85

413.49
366.15
365.93
404.94
363.43
441.10
422.91
394.21
448.50
324.32

417.19
371.35
368.89
407.55
370.39
444.40
428.89
397.56
451.58
325.76

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

9.73
10.69
11.23
9.41
9.89
12.37
9.84
11.33
8.03

9.75
10.65
11.21
9.43
9.91
12.32
9.83
11.32
7.98

10.07
11.18
11.64
9.86
10.17
12.62
10.01
11.77
8.36

10.06
11.16
11.66
9.84
10.17
12.61
10.00
11.74
8.38

_

365.85
395.53
416.63
349.11
374.83
494.80
380.81
409.01
293.90

363.68
389.79
414.77
347.97
375.59
490.34
375.51
407.52
290.47

377.63
415.90
434.17
357.92
389.51
499.75
384.38
427.25
306.81

380.27
418.50
437.25
357.19
388.49
499.36
385.00
427.34
310.06

_
_
_
_
_
-

6.39

6.43

6.61

6.62

6.64 185.95

185.18

191.03

191.32

189.90

Retail trade

_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

7.51
7.87
6.26

7.53
7.90
6.24

7.79
8.15
6.51

7.83
8.18
6.53

_
-

275.62
303.00
205.33

273.34
300.99
202.80

283.56
310.52
210.27

283.45
312.48
208.31

_
_
-

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

6.67
6.99
5.07
5.40

6.63
6.93
5.11
5.34

6.78
7.04
5.35
5.69

6.82
7.08
5.35
5.70

_
_
-

183.43
190.13
146.02
158.22

181.66
187.11
148.19
155.93

188.48
195.01
149.80
163.30

188.91
195.41
149.80
161.31

_
_

210.90
214.61
176.93

216.48
221.54
175.42

215.40
219.86
178.06

213.12
216.81
179.29

_
_
-

-

303.94
377.21
279.69
199.49

299.37
371.00
275.33
197.05

317.47
399.26
291.85
204.60

314.22
391.14
294.14
204.68

_
_
-

156.78
201.50
137.14
153.90
171.00

163.55
208.22
141.94
162.75
177.51

164.02
210.56
140.79
165.04
177.19

_

-

7.03
7.13
6.08

7.24
7.36
6.07

7.18
7.28
6.14

7.20
7.30
6.14

_
-

55
551,2
553
554

8.35
10.14
7.19
5.85

8.27
10.00
7.17
5.83

8.77
10.82
7.62
6.00

8.68
10.60
7.66
6.02

_
-

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

5.85
7.04
5.56
5.70
5.99

5.85
7.12
5.53
5.70
6.00

6.08
7.41
5.77
6.05
6.10

6.12
7.52
5.77
6.09
6.11

_
-

157.95
202.75
140.11
154.47
170.72

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

57
571
572
573

7.95
8.08
7.94
7.69

7.98
8.11
8.02
7.71

8.29
8.29
8.70
8.16

8.30
8.26
8.74
8.25

-

262.35
271.49
263.61
243.77

260.95
271.69
267.07
239.01

273.57
278.54
283.62
260.30

273.07
277.54
289.29
260.70

_
_

58

4.63

4.65

4.80

4.81

-

119.45

118.11

121.44

122.17

-

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

4

Eating and drinking places

_
-

-

See footnotes at end of table.




95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlaory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed

Industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1972
SIC
Code

59
591
594

596
598
599

Finance, insurance, and real estate5

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

30.0
27.5
28.7
32.6
39.8
31.7

29.6
27.2
28.1
33.0
39.2
31.5

29.8
27.4
28.4
33.4
37.8
31.6

29.7
27.1
28.5
32.9
38.8
31.4

36.0

35.7

35.7

36.1

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks

60
602

36.0
36.0

35.5
35.4

35.3
35.2

35.8
35.8

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

61
612

614

36.7
36.0
36.2

36.1
35.5
36.1

36.3
35.9
36.4

36.8
36.3
36.6

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

37.3
37.0
37.8
37.0

37.1
36.8
38.0
36.7

37.1
37.0
37.6
36.9

37.5
37.2
38.2
37.1

32.7

32.5

32.6

32.8

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4

701

32.1

30.7

31.3

31.7

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4

721
723

34.5
30.1

34.3
29.8

34.2
29.5

34.6
29.6

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

73
731
734
737

33.8
37.1
29.8
38.3

33.7
36.7
29.7
38.2

33.6
36.4
29.5
38.1

33.9
36.9
29.8
38.3

Auto repair, services, and garages

75
753

36.8
38.0

36.4
37.9

36.7
38.2

36.9
38.3

76

38.1

38.1

37.6

37.6

78
781

28.4
36.2

28.9
35.9

28.7
34.9

29.6
36.2

79

27.7

27.7

28.0

28.2

80
801
802
805
806

32.4
31.4
28.5
31.7
33.9

32.3
31.3
28.7
31.5
33.8

32.5
31.5
28.3
31.9
34.0

32.6
31.8
28.5
32.2
34.0

81

34.8

34.4

34.8

35.5

89
891
893

38.1
39.3
36.6

37.9
39.2
36.5

37.9
39.1
36.6

38.1
39.3
36.6

Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Legal services
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .,
See footnotes at end of table.


96


Average overtime hours
Nov.
1989P

35.6

32.6

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

-W;

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1972
SIC
Code

59
591
594
596
598
599

Finance, insurance, and real estate5

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

$199.50
173.53
177.37
243.85
371.33
216.83

$196.54
172.45
172.53
247.17
368.09
214.83

$204.43
178.65
182.90
259.18
353.43
223.41

$204.63
178.05
183.26
254.65
372.48
222.63

Oct.
1989P

$6.65
6.31
6.18
7.48
9.33
6.84

$6.64
6.34
6.14
7.49
9.39
6.82

$6.86
6.52
6.44
7.76
9.35
7.07

$6.89
6.57
6.43
7.74
9.60
7.09

9.29

9.27

9.62

9.72

$9.66 334.44

330.94

343.43

350.89

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks

60
602

7.98
7.66

7.96
7.63

8.30
7.89

8.38
7.95

287.28
275.76

282.58
270.10

292.99
277.73

300.00
284.61

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

61
612
614

8.51
8.07
7.95

8.44
7.99
7.95

8.73
8.10
8.13

8.82
8.20
8.24

312.32
290.52
287.79

304.68
283.65
287.00

316.90
290.79
295.93

324.58
297.66
301.58

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

10.41
9.83
10.09
10.97

10.39
9.81
10.08
10.951

10.74
9.98
10.42
11.52

10.81
10.04
10.54
11.56

388.29
363.71
381.40
405.89

385.47
361.01
383.04
401.87

398.45
369.26
391.79
425.09

405.38
373.49
402.63
428.88

9.09

9.11

9.49

9.59

9.59 297.24

296.08

309.37

314.55

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4

701

6.46

6.51

6.69

6.71

207.37

199.86

209.40

212.71

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4

721
723

6.36
6.75

6.42
6.78

6.65
6.98

6.64
6.93

219.42
203.18

220.21
202.04

227.43
205.91

229.74
205.13

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

73
731
734
737

9.24
12.63
6.92
13.40

9.23
12.53
6.88
13.50

9.68
13.12
7.13
14.17

9.77
13.40
7.07
14.51

312.31
468.57
206.22
513.22

311.05
459.85
204.34
515.70

325.25
477.57
210.34
539.88

331.20
494.46
210.69
555.73

Auto repair, services, and garages

75
753

8.23
8.98

8.26
9.03

8.53
9.40

8.54
9.41

302.86
341.24

300.66
342.24

313.05
359.08

315.13
360.40

76

9.62

9.63

10.00

10.05

366.52

366.90

376.00

377.88

78
781

11.88
15.52

12.30
16.10

12.29
15.78

12.56
15.65

337.39
561.82

355.47
577.99

352.72
550.72

371.78
566.53

79

7.74

8.03

7.68

8.18

214.40

222.43

215.04

230.68

80
801
802
805
806

9.43
8.98
9.03
6.50
10.75

9.46
8.97
9.04
6.50
10.80

9.98
9.40
9.54
6.89
11.39

10.01
9.47
9.58
6.91
11.43

305.53
281.97
257.36
206.05
364.43

305.56
280.76
259.45
204.75
365.04

324.35
296.10
269.98
219.79
387.26

326.33
301.15
273.03
222.50
388.62

81

13.14

12.96

13.40

13.65

457.27

445.82

466.32

484.58

89
891
893

12.94
13.67
11.32

12.77
13.58
10.97

13.45
14.17
11.74

13.65
14.33
12.02

493.01
537.23
414.31

483.98
532.34
400.41

509.76
554.05
429.68

520.07
563.17
439.93

Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Legal services
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and
guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing.
3
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
Digitized4 for
FRASER
Money
payments only; tips, not included.



Nov.
1989P

$343.90

312.63

5
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from all series in this
division.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1988 forward are subject to
revision.

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missiles
and Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing

For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' average hourly earnings series for production workers in aircraft manufacturing (sic 3721)
and guided missiles and space vehicles manufacturing (sic 3761) have
been used to escalate labor costs in contracts between aerospace companies and their customers. Although the Bureau's series by definition take account of traditional wage rate changes, they do not capture
"lump-sum payments to workers in lieu of general wage increases"
which were negotiated in aerospace manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
Because of special circumstances in the aerospace industry, BLS
has calculated average hourly earnings series for sic 3721 and sic
3761 which include lump-sum payments. These series, beginning
in October 1983, the effective date of the first aerospace bargain-

ing agreement using lump-sum payments, were published in th
June 1988 issue of Employment and Earnings. Current and yea
earlier data are presented in table C-2a along with the average hourl
earnings series produced as part of the Current Employment Statis
tics program. An explanation of the methodology used to deriv
these series appears in the Explanatory Notes of this publication
Lump-sum payments are but one of several recent changes in th
way that employees are compensated. The changes are widespread
and they differ by industry. Because of these developments, thi
Bureau is conducting a broad-based review of all concepts and defi
nitions used in its earnings and wage programs to determine th<
proper treatment of lump-sum payments and other new compensa
tion practices.

C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing
Aircraft (SIC 3721)
Series

Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)

Sept.
1988

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Sept.
1988

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Average hourly earnings,
excluding lump-sum payments

$14.36

$14.44

$15.05

$15.22

$13.51

$13.70

$14.41

$14.33

Average hourly earnings,
including lump-sum payments

14.82

14.96

15.49

15.47

13.94

14.12

14.83

14.65

preliminary.

Digitized98for FRASER


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

$9.76

$9.82

$10.05

$10.05

$10.10

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ..
Miscellaneous manufacturing

10.26
8.36
7.76
9.92
11.44
9.83
10.55
9.75
12.70
9.71
7.81

10.32
8.32
7.74
9.99
11.48
9.84
10.64
9.81
12.78
9.69
7.84

10.58
8.57
8.08
10.15
11.75
10.13
10.86
10.06
13.14
9.98
8.10

10.56
8.59
8.08
10.18
11.77
10.10
10.91
10.05
13.14
10.01
8.14

10.60
(2)
()
(2)
(2)
(2)

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

9.05
8.54
13.59
7.09
6.06
11.01
10.23
12.17
14.18
8.78
6.16

9.11
8.67
14.11
7.11
6.09
11.08
10.23
12.26
14.31
8.80
6.24

9.32
8.75
14.16
7.38
6.24
11.27
10.57
12.52
14.48
9.01
6.44

9.34
8.75
14.38
7.39
6.22
11.28
10.61
12.59
14.47
9.03
6.45

$9.42
(2)
(2)
(22)
()
(22)
()
(2)
(2)
(2)

Industry

Manufacturing

1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.




/2\
/2\

/2\
(2)
(2)

ft

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1988 forward are
subject to revision.

99

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars.
Average hourly earnings
INDUSTRY

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

$9.45
4.84

$9.46
4.84

$9.77
4.81

$9.81
4.81

$9.80

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

12.79
6.55

12.89
6.60

13.15
6.48

13.07
6.41

$13.09

544.85
279.12

540.09
276.40

574.66
283.08

575.08
282.04

$568.11

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

13.17
6.75

13.08
6.69

13.48
6.64

13.51
6.63

$13.50

514.95
263.81

494.42
253.03

520.33
256.32

529.59
259.73

$514.35

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

10.25
5.25

10.31
5.28

10.55
5.20

10.52
5.16

$10.58

423.33
216.87

427.87
218.97

434.66
214.12

430.27
211.02

$433.78

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

12.42
6.36

12.46
6.38

12.70
6.26

12.69
6.22

$12.68

490.59
251.33

489.68
250.60

500.38
246.49

502.52
246.45

$499.59

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

10.10
5.17

10.07
5.15

10.47
5.16

10.49
5.14

$10.53

385.82
197.65

382.66
195.83

398.91
196.51

401.77
197.04

$401.19

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

6.39
3.27

6.43
3.29

6.61
3.26

6.62
3.25

$6.64

185.95
95.26

185.18
94.77

191.03
94.10

191.32
93.83

$189.90

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

9.29
4.76

9.27
4.74

9.62
4.74

9.72
4.77

$9.66

334.44
171.33

330.94
169.37

343.43
169.18

350.89
172.09

$343.90

Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

9.09
4.66

9.11
4.66

9.49
4.67

9.59
4.70

$9.59

297.24
152.27

296.08
151.53

309.37
152.40

314.55
154.27

$312.63

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.


100


Oct.
1989P

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1989P

0

Oct.
1988

Nov.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Nov.
1989P

$329.81 $328.26 $339.02 $341.39 $338.10
168.96 167.99 167.00 167.43

0
0

NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1988 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1988

1989

Industry
Nov.

Total private

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

Nov.1

34.7

34.7

34.8

34.6

34.7

34.9

34.6

34.6

34.8

34.6

34.7

34.7

34.6

41.2
3.9
41.9
4.2
40.3
39.5
42.6
43.7
44.0
42.1
42.5
41.0
43.1
44.1
41.6
39.3

41.0
3.9
41.7
4.1
40.3
39.4
42.4
43.5
43.8
41.8
42.5
40.8
42.8
43.7
41.1
39.0

41.1
3.9
41.8
4.1
40.3
39.8
42.5
43.6
44.0
41.9
42.5
40.9
42.8
43.6
41.5
39.4

41.1
3.9
41.8
4.1
39.6
39.7
42.2
43.4
43.8
41.9
42.6
40.9
43.1
43.9
41.5
39.5

41.0
4.0
41.7
4.1
40.0
39.8
42.2
43.5
44.1
41.8
42.5
40.6
43.1
43.9
41.1
39.5

41.3
3.9
41.9
4.1
40.5
39.9
42.5
43.3
43.5
41.9
42.7
41.0
42.8
43.3
41.5
39.8

41.0
3.8
41.5
3.9
39.7
39.4
41.9
43.2
43.6
41.7
42.5
40.7
42.5
42.8
41.1
39.6

41.0
3.8
41.5
3.9
39.8
39.4
42.2
43.3
43.7
41.5
42.5
40.7
42.5
42.7
41.3
39.4

41.0
3.9
41.5
4.0
39.6
39.5
42.3
43.0
43.2
41.5
42.4
40.6
42.6
42.6
41.4
39.3

41.0
3.8
41.6
3.9
40.2
39.6
42.5
42.9
43.4
41.5
42.2
40.9
42.7
43.0
41.1
39.4

41.0
3.8
41.6
3.9
40.2
39.6
42.2
42.8
42.9
41.6
42.3
41.1
42.8
43.4
41.0
39.2

40.8
3.7
41.2
3.8
40.4
39.1
42.3
42.4
42.7
41.4
42.0
40.9
41.3
43.0
41.1
39.1

40.7
3.7
41.1
3.7
40.2
39.3
42.4
42.4
42.6
41.3
42.0
40.8
40.6
42.3
41.3
39.5

40.2
3.6
40.6

40.1
3.6
40.1
2
()

37.9
42.6
(2)
41.6

40.2
3.7
40.5
2
()
41.4
37.1
43.3
37.7
42.1
(2)
41.5

40.3
3.6
40.7
2
()
41.4
37.1
43.3
37.8
42.5

40.2
3.7
41.0
2
()
40.6
37.0
43.2
37.9
42.5
(2)

40.2
3.7
40.7
2
()
40.7
37.0
43.4
37.7
42.5

(2)
41.5

(2)
41.2
37.0
43.2
37.6
42.5
(2)
41.4

40.2
3.6
40.8
2
()
41.0
37.0
43.5
37.7
42.4

40.1
3.6
40.7
2
()
40.5
36.9
43.5
37.9
42.4

()
41.4

40.1
3.8
40.4
2
()
41.1
36.9
43.3
37.9
42.3
(2)
41.6

40.4
3.8
40.7
2
()
41.7
37.6
43.4

()
41.7
37.3

37.7

40.9
37.0
43.1
38.0
42.3
(2)
41.7
38.0

40.2
3.7
40.3
2
()
40.8
37.1
43.2
38.0
42.3
(2)
41.7
38.6

40.2
3.8
41.0

(2)
41.0
37.0
43.1
37.9
42.3

40.0
3.6
40.2
2
()
40.5
36.8
43.2
37.8
42.3

38.0

38.3

37.4

37.9

37.7

39.6

39.4

38.1

38.1

29.1

28.9

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade

2

39.3
38.0

2

39.4
38.1

29.0

29.1

32.5

32.7

39.4
38.1

40.1
38.3

39.5
37.9

(2)
41.5
38.1

41.5
38.1

(2)
41.3
37.7

37.6

39.5

39.4

38.1

38.1

29.0

28.8

32.8

32.6

39.3

39.4

39.4

39.0
38.1

38.0

38.1

38.0
28.8

28.9

29.1

28.9

28.9

29.2

28.8

32.6

32.8

32.5

32.5

32.8

32.6

(2)
41.2

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

32.7

32.5

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular




32.7

components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1985 forward are
subject to revision.

101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1977=100)
1988

1989

Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Total private

126.3

126.8

127.4

127.2

127.6

128.7

127.6

128.1

129.2

128.5

128.9

129.2

Goods-producing

102.8

102.3

103.0

102.9

102.9

103.5

102.4

102.5

103.0

103.3

102.8

102.4

80.0

80.2

79.9

80.1

81.1

83.4

81.8

81.2

80.3

84.4

85.3

85.8

8f

141.1

139.4

141.2

140.5

140.3

141.0

138.2

139.3

142.7

143.5

143.1

143.8

14S

96.5

96.2

96.7

96.7

96.7

97.2

96.4

96.4

96.3

96.4

95.8

95.2

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

94.9
105.9
112.9
91.0
69.0
54.0
92.5
92.1
101.4
100.8
93.6
114.8
84.8

94.6
106.2
112.6
91.0
68.8
53.1
92.1
92.5
100.2
100.3
89.9
114.5
84.7

95.2
107.0
113.8
91.4
69.1
53.8
93.0
93.0
100.2
101.0
91.8
115.3
85.9

95.0
104.5
113.7
90.9
68.7
53.4
92.8
93.7
99.9
101.0
91.1
115.6
86.4

94.9
105.3
114.3
90.5
68.9
53.6
92.5
93.4
98.8
101.5
91.7
115.0
86.1

95.2
105.9
114.6
91.0
68.6
52.4
92.2
93.9
99.7
101.2
91.1
116.4
87.1

94.3
103.7
112.9
89.3
68.2
52.3
91.7
93.7
98.4
100.5
90.2
115.8
86.6

94.0
103.4
112.6
89.8
68.5
52.6
90.8
93.8
97.8
99.5
88.1
116.1
86.2

93.8
102.6
113.2
90.0
67.9
52.0
90.7
94.0
97.6
98.6
85.7
116.9
85.7

94.0
103.6
111.9
90.2
67.6
53.0
90.4
93.2
98.0
100.5
90.1
115.8
86.8

93.3
103.0
111.6
88.8
66.7
51.9
90.0
93.1
98.0
98.5
87.0
115.8
85.8

92.2
104.2
109.7
89.6
65.8
51.2
89.3
92.0
97.1
94.5
84.9
116.1
85.2

90
65
50
89
92
96
91
82
116
85.

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

98.8
102.6
76.5
80.5
84.4
101.9
137.3
99.0
83.5
119.3

98.4
101.5
76.7
79.5
84.2
102.1
137.4
99.4
82.7
118.6

98.9
101.5
73.4
80.6
84.9
101.7
138.3
99.9
81.2
119.5

99.3
102.2
74.1
80.4
85.5
101.9
138.4
100.0
83.3
120.0

99.5
102.9
69.6
81.0
85.4
102.3
138.5
100.4
82.2
119.9

100.1
103.8
73.0
82.1
86.8
102.4
138.2
100.9
82.9
119.9

99.5
103.3
69.6
81.5
85.4
102.3
137.8
100.5
83.5
119.6

99.9
104.3
69.0
81.5
85.2
102.3
138.3
101.8
84.3
118.9

100.1
106.4
70.5
81.3
84.9
102.7
137.7
101.5
83.2
118.8

99.9
105.2
68.7
80.4
84.9
103.4
138.3
101.8
83.4
119.3

99.7
106.2
69.0
79.1
84.5
101.9
138.7
101.5
84.1
118.4

99.6
105.7
68.9
79.7
84.3
102.8
138.1
102.0
85.1
118.0

99.
105.
67.
78.
84.
103.
139.
101.
86.
117.

54.6

55.2

56.1

57.0

56.1

56.0

54.7

55.5

54.7

54.8

54.8

53.8

53.

139.2

140.3

140.9

140.6

141.2

142.6

141.5

142.2

143.7

142.4

143.3

144.1

143.

114.7

115.5

116.4

116.2

116.2

118.6

117.3

117.3

117.7

113.7

116.8

117.9

117.

124.2

124.9

125.3

125.9

126.4

127.2

126.1

126.7

127.2

127.3

127.6

127.8

128.

126.0

126.7

127.2

126.7

126.9

127.7

127.2

127.4

128.9

127.5

127.5

128.4

128.

140.6

141.2

142.1

140.8

141.8

143.8

141.9

142.7

145.0

143.3

143.8

145.0

143.

164.0

165.8

166.4

166.1

167.3

168.9

167.5

169.0

170.8

170.4

171.4

172.2

171.

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.


http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/
102
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

12!

91
102
10S

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected frc
March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data s
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1985 forward s
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
;-7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
lonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1988

1989

Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

$9.69

$9.69

Sept.

Oct.p

Nov.1

Average hourly earnings
"otal private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime3
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Total private (in constant dollars)4

$9.42

$9.45

$9.49

$9.52

$9.54

$9.61

$9.60

$9.62

$9.74

$9.78

$9.77

()
)
0
()
(
)
(
()
()
()
$13.10 $13.15 $13.18 $13.22 $13.26 $13.33 $13.32 $13.32 $13.42 $13.37 $13.39 $13.43 $13.51
10.40
10.45 10.48
10.42
10.40
10.37
10.33
10.30
10.55
10.31
10.55
10.57
10.52
9.92
9.99
9.97
9.92
9.87
9.83
9.89
10.09
10.01
9.85
10.08
10.11
10.05
12.54
12.54
12.52
12.50
12.39
12.48
12.45
12.68
12.61
12.36
12.67
12.62
12.57
10.06
10.11 10.19 10.18 10.21 10.36 10.28 10.33 10.44 10.39 10.47 10.53 10.52
6.52
6.44
6.40
6.61
6.49
6.51
6.47
6.45
6.54
6.43
6.58
6.61
6.57
9.78
9.53
9.40
9.26
9.45
9.54
9.36
9.35
9.68
9.35
9.66
9.64
9.57
9.58
9.34
9.15
9.05
9.24
9.33
9.32
9.19
9.46
9.10
9.49
9.52
9.43
4.82

4.82

4.81

4.81

4.80

4.80

4.77

4.77!

4.79

4.79

4.81

4.81

Average weekly earnings
Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1977) dollars 4 .

326.87 327.92 330.25 329.39 331.04 335.39 332.16 332.85 337.21 335.27 337.98 339.37 338.04
167.28 167.39 167.55 166.44 166.44 167.53 165.01 165.10 166.85 165.89 166.90 166.85

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal
components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components
and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
3
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time
and one-half.




4
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series.
5
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1985 forward are subject to
revision.

103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1988

Oct.
1988

Sept.

Oct.
1989P

Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile

41.5
41.8
40.7

41.5
41.1
42.2

41.5
41.5
42.3

$9.05
9.15
10.47

Alaska

43.3

41.4

40.3

13.61

Arizona

40.8

41.8

41.3

9.93

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

41.2
42.6
40.9
42.1
43.4

41.5
41.5
40.3
41.7
44.9

41.3
42.2
40.0
41.8
45.1

8.09
7.19
8.74
8.49
10.63

Colorado
Denver

40.1
39.9

40.4
40.3

40.7
40.0

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

42.0
41.3
42.3
42.4
41.8
39.3
43.8

42.2
41.4
42.4
42.1
41.2
41.9
42.3

Delaware
Wilmington

39.8
40.4

District of Columbia:
Washington MSA

Sept.
1989

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.

$375.58
382.47
426.13

$378.07
381.41
465.04

$379.73
383.05
472.91

14.19

589.31

545.65

571.86

405.14

416.33

409.70

9.96
8.32
7.53
8.81
8.96
10.56

9.92
8.30
7.63
8.72
8.95
10.75

333.31
306.29
357.47
357.43
461.34

345.28
312.50
355.04
373.63
474.14

342.79
321.99
348.80
374.11
484.83

0

0)

10.22
10.90

10.54
11.00

10.56
11.13

409.82
434.91

425.82
443.30

429.79
445.20

42.0
41.6
42.7
42.4
40.8
41.1
42.0

10.85
11.21
11.46
11.24
10.35
12.16
10.02

11.23
11.57
12.17
11.67
10.79
11.97
10.27

11.23
11.47
11.99
11.66
10.68
11.90
10.33

455.70
462.97
484.76
476.58
432.63
477.89
438.88

473.91
479.00
516.01
491.31
444.55
501.54
434.42

471.66
477.15
511.97
494.38
435.74
489.09
433.86

42.0
43.8

41.6
44.1

10.31
12.87

11.57
14.04

11.52
14.19

410.34
519.95

485.94
614.95

479.23
625.78

39.9

38.3

38.2

11.50

12.17

12.20

458.85

466.11

466.04

Florida
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Jacksonville
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

40.7
41.0
41.2
39.5
40.0
42.0
40.7
40.1

40.8
41.5
42.8
39.1
40.8
42.1
40.4
41.6

40.9
41.1
42.0
39.5
40.6
41.7
40.6
41.4

8.52
8.43
9.16
7.32
9.03
10.80
8.35
9.41

8.78
8.67
9.51
7.43
9.97
10.94
8.86
9.24

8.77
8.67
9.51
7.52
9.99
10.84
8.72
9.35

346.76
345.63
377.39
289.14
361.20
453.60
339.85
377.34

358.22
359.81
407.03
290.51
406.78
460.57
357.94
384.38

358.69
356.34
399.42
297.04
405.59
452.03
354.03
387.09

Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah

41.4
40.5
48.9

41.3
41.7
47.9

40.9
42.2
47.9

8.73
10.18
11.59

8.94
10.55
11.52

8.95
10.44
11.60

361.42
412.29
566.75

369.22
439.94
551.81

366.06
440.57
555.64

Hawaii

40.2
39.7

40.3
39.8

40.7
39.1

9.89
10.10

10.40
10.53

10.50
10.79

397.58
400.97

419.12
419.09

427.35
421.89

37.8

40.0

38.7

10.08

10.20

10.57

381.02

408.00

409.06

41.2
42.5
39.4
39.6
42.0
38.8
42.5
41.9
41.4
40.9
47.4
42.1
42.8

42.1
42.2
43.0
39.3
41.8
41.5
43.2
41.4
42.2
40.0
42.9
42.9
39.0

42.0
42.1
42.7
40.1
41.9
40.7
42.6
42.2
42.3
40.1
43.8
41.3
38.4

11.03
10.49
11.42
9.25
10.72
12.94
14.46
12.23
11.13
11.67
13.47
11.54
11.96

11.30
10.69
12.69
10.04
10.95
12.71
14.89
12.61
11.54
11.86
13.88
12.10
11.53

11.26
10.75
12.62
10.19
10.95
12.85
15.09
12.55
11.50
11.86
14.00
12.00
11.73

454.44
445.83
449.95
366.30
450.24
502.07
614.55
512.44
460.78
477.30
638.48
485.83
511.89

475.73
451.12
545.67
394.57
457.71
527.47
643.25
522.05
486.99
474.40
595.45
519.09
449.67

472.92
452.58
538.87
408.62
458.81
523.00
642.83
529.61
486.45
475.59
613.20
495.60
450.43

42.1

41.6

41.2

11.44

11.70

11.67

481.62

486.72

480.80

$9.11
9.28
11.02
13.18

Oct.
1989P
$9.15
9.23
11.18

California

Honolulu
Idaho
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
Indiana
See footnotes at end of table.


104


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Oct.
1988

Sept.

Oct.
1989P

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City

41.8
41.7
42.3
43.2
35.9

41.3
39.5
42.6
42.2
43.9

Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

41.0
41.4
41.7

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

41.3
39.4
42.1
42.8
41.1

$10.64
12.37
11.90
11.84
8.36

$11.06
12.76
12.19
12.25
8.97

40.6
40.2
39.9

37.9
38.4
32.0

10.38
11.47
11.00

40.4
40.1
41.4

39.5
39.8
40.6

39.7
40.5
40.3

Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport

42.4
42.2
41.5
40.7

42.8
44.2
41.5
41.5

Maine
Lewiston-Aubum
Portland

41.1
39.5
41.9

Maryland
Baltimore MSA

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

$10.87
12.44
11.96
12.15
8.85

$444.75
515.83
503.37
511.49
300.12

$456.78
504.02
519.29
516.95
393.78

$448.93
490.14
503.52
520.02
363.74

10.70
12.36
11.39

10.50
12.58
10.80

425.58
474.86
458.70

434.42
496,87
454.46

397.95
483.07
345.60

10.18
10.42
11.65

10.20
10.90
11.28

10.35
11.07
11.76

411.27
417.84
482.31

402.90
433.82
457.97

410.90
448.34
473.93

43.3
44.5
41.6
40.5

10.90
12.98
10.60
11.59

10.95
12.94
10.70
11.03

10.93
12.73
10.74
9.99

462.16
547.76
439.90
471.71

468.66
571.95
444.05
457.75

473.27
566.49
446.78
404.60

40.4
39.2
39.7

40.0
37.6
40.2

9.48
8.26
9.59

9.91
8.54
10.85

10.08
9.10
10.65

389.63
326.27
401.82

400.36
334.77
430.75

403.20
342.16
428.13

42.0
41.6

41.9
41.9

41.7
41.5

10.60
11.25

11.04
11.66

11.03
11.56

445.20
468.00

462.58
488.55

459.95
479.74

Massachusetts
Boston
Springfield
Worcester

41.0
41.4
42.7
41.2

40.9
40.3
41.5
41.2

40.6
40.1
41.5
40.9

10.46
11.10
9.89
10.61

10.85
11.55
10.06
11.15

10.92
11.65
10.11
11.11

428.86
459.54
422.30
437.13

443.77
465.47
417.49
459.38

443.35
467.17
419.57
454.40

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

43.6
46.7
42.7
44.3
45.5
41.1
42.9
42.6
42.8
40.9
43.4

43.3
45.0
41.7
43.8
44.8
41.5
43.0
42.1
44.5
41.9
43.5

43.0
45.7
40.3
44.0
44.8
41.1
41.7
43.1
42.5
41.9
42.1

13.43
14.55
14.41
14.47
16.83
11.50
9.99
12.55
14.25
11.89
15.04

13.79
14.10
14.53
14.81
17.56
11.84
11.15
13.08
15.35
12.67
15.49

13.70
14.15
14.54
14.85
17.40
11.71
10.93
12.61
15.27
12.40
15.17

585.55
679.48
615.31
641.02
765.76
472.65
428.57
534.63
609.90
486.30
652.74

597.11
634.50
605.90
648.68
786.69
491.36
479.45
550.67
683.07
530.87
673.81

589.10
646.65
585.96
653.40
779.52
481.28
455.78
543.49
648.97
519.56
638.66

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud

41.0
37.3
40.8
38.1

41.0
38.6
41.0
37.0

40.6
39.3
40.6
37.5

10.61
11.19
11.29
10.09

10.93
11.32
11.79
9.84

10.99
11.54
11.77
9.91

435.01
417.39
460.63
384.43

448.13
436.95
483.39
364.08

446.19
453.52
477.86
371.63

Mississippi
Jackson

40.7
40.8

40.3
40.7

39.9
40.0

7.91
8.71

8.09
9.18

8.04
9.08

321.94
355.37

326.03
373.63

320.80
363.20

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

41.4
41.7
41.8
40.8

41.4
40.3
42.3
39.9

40.6
40.0
41.7
39.7

10.16
11.56
11.81
8.41

10.55
11.37
12.47
8.70

10.53
11.49
12.43
8.68

420.62
482.05
493.66
343.13

436.77
458.21
527.48
347.13

427.52
459.60
518.33
344.60

Montana

39.9

40.0

40.5

10.54

11.13

10.97

420.55

445.20

444.29

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

41.0
40.5
42.1

41.7
40.4
43.3

40.3
40.4
41.7

9.53
10.11
10.18

9.69
10.19
10.31

9.70
10.19
10.36

390.73
409.46
428.58

404.07
411.68
446.42

390.91
411.68
432.01

Nevada
Las Vegas

39.0
40.8

40.7
42.7

40.6
41.7

10.43
13.14

10.35
12.57

10.26
12.73

406.77
536.11

421.25
536.74

416.56
530.84

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester..

40.4
38.7
40.3
41.5

40.8
41.0
40.8
41.2

40.3
40.5
40.2
41.0

10.02
10.45
12.33
9.39

10.31
10.49
12.43
10.03

10.51
10.50
13.10
10.07

404.81
404.42
496.90
389.69

420.65
430.09
507.14
413.24

423.55
425.25
526.62
412.87

See footnotes at end of table.




105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Oct.

Sept.

Oct.
1989P

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.

New Jersey

41.1

40.9

41.0

$11.04

$11.51

$11.56

$453.74

$470.76

$473.96

New Mexico
Albuquerque

40.1
40.3

39.1
40.0

39.6
40.6

8.77
9.50

8.56
9.51

8.46
9.39

351.68
382.85

334.70
380.40

335.02
381.23

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

40.1
40.8
40.6
43.7
41.7
39.8
37.4
37.2
42.4
37.5
41.3
43.5
35.2
41.8
41.6
40.1

40.2
40.4
40.4
42.2
40.4
40.0
37.7
37.2
41.9
38.4
40.0
42.4
40.5
41.3
41.3
41.3

39.7
41.7
40.9
41.5
39.8
39.9
37.0
36.5
41.1
39.1
40.2
42.3
38.9
40.9
40.2
41.0

10.55
11.32
9.80
12.40

10.84
11.32
10.19
13.10

9.63
11.44
9.99
9.78
13.74
8.57
10.10
12.43
10.88
12.10
9.75
11.40

9.60
11.91
9.97
9.82
14.07
8.97
11.08
12.77
8.40
12.02
10.08
11.84

10.79
11.36
10.04
12.94
9.61
11.94
10.04
9.86
13.84
9.08
10.91
12.65
8.64
11.89
9.94
11.95

423.06
461.86
397.88
541.88
401.57
455.31
373.63
363.82
582.58
321.38
417.13
540.71
382.98
505.78
405.60
457.14

435.77
457.33
411.68
552.82
387.84
476.40
375.87
365.30
589.53
344.45
443.20
541.45
340.20
496.43
416.30
488.99

428.36
473.71
410.64
537.01
382.48
476.41
371.48
359.89
568.82
355.03
438.58
535.10
336.10
486.30
399.59
489.95

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

40.8
41.6
40.9
40.2
41.6

40.6
41.6
40.2
39.6
41.4

40.7
41.7
40.7
39.7
40.9

8.20
8.28
8.55
9.10
9.18

8.45
8.47
8.91
9.22
9.58

8.48
8.43
8.93
9.26
9.51

334.56
344.45
349.70
365.82
381.89

343.07
352.35
358.18
365.11
396.61

345.14
351.53
363.45
367.62
388.96

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead

40.0
40.3

39.9
42.6

40.3
42.0

8.40
8.58

9.13

8.96
9.08

336.00
345.77

360.70
388.94

361.09
381.36

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield

43.3
42.8
42.9
43.0
43.4
41.7
44.3
44.4
43.0

42.8
43.0
41.9
43.3
43.2
41.6
42.7
43.0
43.2

42.4
42.1
41.8
43.2
42.8
41.6
42.7
43.1
43.7

12.08
11.42
11.51
11.26
11.93
11.66
12.95
13.19
13.63

12.35
11.70
11.82
11.59
12.07
12.10
12.98
13.14
14.17

12.31
11.61
11.53
11.60
12.02
12.10
13.05
13.25
14.21

523.06
488.78
493.78
484.18
517.76
486.22
573.69
585.64
586.09

528.58
503.10
495.26
501.85
521.42
503.36
554.25
565.02
612.14

521.94
488.78
481.95
501.12
514.46
503.36
557.24
571.08
620.98

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

41.5
42.8
42.3

41.9
43.4
42.1

41.9
43.8
42.0

10.56
11.82

10.67
11.36
10.94

10.56
11.08
10.91

438.24
505.90
452.19

447.07
493.02
460.57

442.46
485.30
458.22

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

40.3
40.0
40.2
40.2

39.5
39.2
40.0
38.0

40.2
40.3
40.4
39.2

10.57
10.63
10.84
8.66

10.88
10.88
11.23
8.70

10.84
10.90
11.13
8.76

425.97
425.20
435.77
348.13

429.76
426.50
449.20
330.60

435.77
439.27
449.65
343.39

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh

41.2
40.5
40.2
43.1
43.3
39.8
39.8
41.1
40.6
42.6

40.6
39.6
39.1
43.2
43.4
40.2
39.0
40.8
40.2
42.1

40.5
40.2
39.3
42.3
42.9
39.9
38.4
40.5
40.4
42.1

10.36
10.58
8.80
10.65
10.63
9.69
8.50
10.24
11.43
11.32

10.66
10.62
9.30
10.78
10.75
10.22
8.53
10.76
11.75
11.33

10.68
10.60
9.37
10.69
10.85
10.07
8.56
10.73
11.81
11.26

426.83
428.49
353.76
459.02
460.28
385.66
338.30
420.86
464.06
482.23

432.80
420.55
363.63
465.70
466.55
410.84
332.67
439.01
472.35
476.99

432.54
426.12
368.24
452.19
465.47
401.79
328.70
434.57
477.12
474.05

Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

See footnotes at end of table.


106


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours

State and area

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989?

Average hourly earnings

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre ...
Williamsport
York

40.9
39.7
40.7
42.6

41.3
38.9
40.0
41.8

41.2
38.8
40.9
41.6

$10.85
9.03
9.09
9.84

$11.06
9.36
9.66
10.32

$11.09
9.27
9.72
10.32

$443.77
358.49
369.96
419.18

$456.78
364.10
386.40
431.38

$456.91
359.68
397.55
429.31

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence

39.0
39.6
39.0

39.5
39.6
38.8

39.3
39.4
38.5

8.72
8.25
8.62

9.12
8.80
8.78

9.16
8.85
8.80

340.08
326.70
336.18

360.24
348.48
340.66

359.99
348.69
338.80

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg ...

41.4
41.4
41.3
41.3

41.0
40.9
41.3
41.1

41.0
40.9
41.3
41.1

8.35
9.21
8.45
8.30

8.72
9.57
9.01
8.74

8.71
9.57
9.03
8.74

345.69
381.29
348.98
342.79

357.52
391.41
372.11
359.21

357.11
391.41
372.94
359.21

South Dakota .
Sioux Falls ....

41.4
44.5

41.6
46.8

41.9
45.1

8.10
8.27

8.28
8.52

8.05
8.46

335.34
368.02

344.45
398.74

337.30
381.55

Tennessee

41.3
43.4
44.1
41.2
426
42.3

41.6
41.5
42.2
39.5
44.3
41.7

41.1
40.4
41.9
38.8
40.3
41.1

9.02
8.19
9.25
8.95
9.29
10.49

9.20
8.48
9.69
9.26
9.38
10.27

9.21
8.50
9.38
9.09
9.34
10.24

372.53
355.45
407.93
368.74
395.75
443.73

382.72
351.92
408.92
365.77
415.53
428.26

378.53
343.40
393.02
352.69
376.40
420.86

41.8
41.7
42.2
44.1
39.9

41.8
41.8
41.2
43.9
40.5

41.8
42.3
41.1
43.8
40.2

10.01
9.97
10.82
11.36
7.48

10.28
10.37
11.19
11.98
7.48

10.27
10.33
11.11
11.87
7.44

418.42
415.75
456.60
500.98
298.45

429.70
433.47
461.03
525.92
302.94

429.29
436.96
456.62
519.91
299.09

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden.

41.0
40.8

39.5
40.6

40.5
40.8

10.03
9.96

10.28
10.06

10.24
10.20

411.23
406.37

406.06
408.44

414.72
416.16

Vermont
Burlington ...

41.3
42.1

41.4
41.0

41.7
41.3

9.74
9.70

10.07
10.50

10.06
10.61

402.26
408.37

416.90
430.50

419.50
438.19

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg .
Roanoke

41.2
43.8
42.3
41.0
41.2
40.1
41.4
41.4

41.4
40.7
42.5
41.1
42.9
40.5
42.4
41.6

41.6
40.0
42.9
40.3
42.4
40.4
42.3
40.5

9.37
7.65
7.80
8.53
8.90
10.70
11.98
9.39

9.73
7.93
8.24
8.60
9.51
11.30
12.86
10.00

9.73
7.80
8.42
8.67
9.55
11.38
12.72
9.78

386.04
335.07
329.94
349.73
366.68
429.07
495.97
388.75

402.82
322.75
350.20
353.46
407.98
457.65
545.26
416.00

404.77
312.00
361.22
349.40
404.92
459.75
538.06
396.09

Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol.
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio

Washington .

41.0

40.0

34.2

11.82

12.23

11.75

484.62

489.20

401.85

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland ...
Parkersburg-Marietta .
Wheeling

41.3
45.0
40.9
41.3
39.8

41.2
44.8
39.6
42.0
43.1

41.7
44.2
40.9
41.7
40.7

10.84
14.09
12.43
12.60
12.25

11.36
14.05
12.60
14.04
12.96

11.19
15.01
14.79
13.85
11.96

447.69
634.05
508.39
520.38
487.55

468.03
629.44
498.96
589.68
558.58

466.62
663.44
604.91
577.55
486.77

Wisconsin

41.8
42.6
40.4
41.9
43.4
41.1
39.6
41.4
41.7
40.4
42.3

42.3
44.0
43.2
41.8
39.7
42.2
41.1
44.0
41.8
40.4
43.4

41.6
43.5
43.4
42.0
39.8
40.6
42.1
41.6
41.4
40.2
43.1

10.65
11.28
10.59
11.28
13.26
13.01
9.15
9.75
11.60
10.83
10.01

10.74
11.84
10.81
11.65
12.64
11.43
9.44
9.82
11.57
11.03
10.43

10.83
11.83
10.91
11.62
12.57
11.47
9.25
10.01
11.57
11.12
10.37

445.17
480.53
427.84
472.63
575.48
534.71
362.34
403:65
483.72
437.53
423.42

454.30
520.96
466.99
486.97
501.81
482.35
387.98
432.08
483.63
445.61
452.66

450.53
514.61
473.49
488.04
500.29
465.68
389.43
416.42
479.00
447.02
446.95

Wyoming

38.9

39.1

39.7

10.02

10.33

9.91

389.78

403.90

393.43

Puerto Rico

39.5

39.9

40.3

5.60

5.69

5.80

221.20

227.03

233.74

Virgin Islands ...

40.9

39.7

10.10

10.51

413.09

417.23

O

Appleton-Oshkosh ...
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Wausau

1

Not available.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

p




publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1988
benchmarks. Data for the Virgin Islands for September 1989 are preliminary.

107

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Industry

Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government

Nov. 1988
to
Nov. 1989P

Sept. 1989
to
Oct. 1989r

Oct. 1989
to
Nov. 1989P

204,903

3.4

0.3

0.7

167,441

167,241

2.2

1,662
10,466
41,710
24,764
16,946
11,682
12,391
29,468
12,721
46,531

1,664
10,606
41,528
24,571
16,957
11,791
12,452
29,614
12,882
46,903

1,662
10,787
41,417
24,475
16,942
11,806
12,449
29,524
12,731
46,866

7.4
3.9
-1.0
-2.3
.8
2.6
3.3
1.5

1.3
-.4
-.8
.1
.9
.5
.5

1.8
5.0

1.3
.8

-.1
1.7
-.3
-.4
-.1
.1
.0
-.3
-1.2
-.1

36,103

35,974

37,662

8.9

-.4

4.7

Sept.
1989r

Oct.
1989r

Nov.
1989P

202,733

203,415

166,630

1
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
p
= preliminary.
r
= revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,


108


Percent change

-.1
.1

nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2285,
chapter 10, Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
(1977 = 100)
Quarterly index

Annual average
1987

Item
1987

1988

1989

1988
IV

IV

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

111.1
133.4
120.1
191.0
101.9
171.9
166.3
170.0

113.0
140.0
123.9
200.2
102.5
177.1
170.9
174.9

110.0
130.4
118.6
188.3
101.9
171.2
162.6
168.2

110.7
132.2
119.5
189.5
101.4
171.3
166.5
169.6

111.7
134.4
120.3
191.8
101.7
171.6
168.9
170.7

112.5
136.7
121.5
195.1
102.5
173.5
167.2
171.3

113.2
138.2
122.1
196.4
102.3
173.5
168.9
171.9

112.6
139.3
123.8
199.1
102.5
176.9
168.8
174.1

113.4
140.7
124.0
201.9
102.8
178.0
171.8
175.8

113.5
141.9
125.0
204.5
103.0
180.2
173.7
177.9

113.8
143.6
126.2
206.9
102.8
181.9
174.7
179.4

114.2
144.4
126.4
210.4
102.9
184.1
176.3
181.4

108.9
133.1
122.2
189.8
101.2
174.2
167.7
172.0

111.1
140.3
126.3
198.7
101.8
178.8
172.2
176.5

107.7
130.0
120.7
187.1
101.3
173.6
164.1
170.3

108.6
132.0
121.5
188.3
100.7
173.4
167.6
171.4

109.5
134.1
122.4
190.5
101.0
173.9
170.3
172.6

110.2
136.4
123.7
193.8
101.8
175.8
168.7
173.4

111.0
138.0
124.3
195.0
101.5
175.7
170.3
173.8

110.5
139.5
126.2
197.5
101.7
178.7
169.8
175.6

111.5
141.1
126.6
200.2
101.9
179.6
172.1
177.0

112.0
142.8
127.5
203.0
102.3
181.3
176.3
179.6

111.6
143.6
128.6
205.5
102.1
184.1
174.6
180.8

111.9
144.6
129.2
208.3
101.9
186.1
176.5
182.8

132.9
130.1
97.9
189.2
100.9
142.3

136.5
138.1
101.2
196.0
100.4
143.6

131.5
127.2
96.7
188.8
102.2
143.5

133.3
128.7
96.6
189.0
101.1
141.8

134.3
131.1
97.7
190.4
100.9
141.8

134.7
133.5
99.1
191.7
100.7
142.3

135.5
135.0
99.7
194.3
101.2
143.4

136.3
136.9
100.5
195.3
100.6
143.3

137.8
139.3
101.1
197.4
100.5
143.2

138.6
141.1
101.8
200.2
100.8
144.4

139.4
142.2
102.0
201.9
100.3
144.8

140.7
143.4
101.9
203.2
99.4
144.4

139.5
136.0
97.5
187.4
100.0
134.3

142.8
145.0
101.5
192.6
98.7
134.9

138.7
133.3
96.1
188.3
102.0
135.8

140.3
134.2
95.7
187.8
100.5
133.9

141.1
136.5
96.7
188.9
100.2
133.9

141.8
139.9
98.6
189.8
99.7
133.8

142.5
141.3
99.2
192.6
100.3
135.2

143.3
144.0
100.5
192.4
99.1
134.3

144.4
146.4
101.4
193.9
98.7
134.3

144.9
148.3
102.3
196.9
99.2
135.9

145.6
149.1
102.4
198.8
98.8
136.5

147.7
150.3
101.7
199.6
97.7
135.1

123.2
121.4
98.6
192.5
102.7
156.2

127.0
127.8
100.6
201.8
103.4
158.9

121.0
118.0
97.6
189.9
102.8
156.9

123.1
120.5
97.9
191.5
102.5
155.6

124.3
123.1
99.0
193.3
102.5
155.5

124.3
124.0
99.8
195.2
102.6
157.0

125.1
125.6
100.4
197.5
102.9
157.8

125.9
126.4
100.4
200.5
103.3
159.3

128.0
128.8
100.6
203.4
103.5
158.9

129.0
130.3
101.0
205.7
103.6
159.4

130.0
131.8
101.3
207.2
103.0
159.3

130.3
133.1
102.2
209.7
102.6
160.9

112.1
135.3
120.8
186.1
99.3
171.2
166.1
186.4
123.0
165.4

114.7
143.5
125.1
194.1
99.4
174.6
169.3
190.3
128.8
169.1

110.4
131.5
119.1
183.7
99.4
171.0
166.3
185.0
118.1
164.7

111.6
133.9
120.0
184.8
98.9
170.8
165.5
186.3
122.5
165.0

113.0
136.9
121.1
186.9
99.1
170.8
165.3
186.9
129.3
165.8

113.5
138.9
122.4
189.5
99.6
172.1
167.0
187.2
122.0
166.1

114.6
141.2
123.2
190.9
99.4
171.9
166.6
187.8
127.0
166.5

114.7
142.8
124.5
193.1
99.5
173.6
168.4
188.9
129.1
168.2

115.1
144.3
125.4
195.5
99.5
175.2
169.9
191.0
127.5
169.5

114.9
145.4
126.5
197.8
99.6
177.5
172.1
193.3
131.6
172.0

114.5
145.8
127.4
200.2
99.5
180.4
174.9
196.9
119.6
173.1

114.5
146.5
128.0
202.8
99.3
182.9
177.1
200.1
116.6
175.0

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator
r

= revised.




SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted annual rates
Percent change from
Previous quarter

Item

Same quarter, previous year

II
1988

1988

IV
1988

I
1989

1989

1989r

1988

III
1988

IV
1988

I
1989

1989

-2.1
3.3
5.5
5.7
1.1
8.0
-.2
5.1

3.1
4.0
.9
5.8
1.0
2.6
7.1
4.1

0.2
3.4
3.2
5.2
.7
5.0
4.6
4.8

1.1
4.8
3.7
4.8
-.6
3.7
2.4
3.3

1.6
2.3
.6
6.8
.4
5.1
3.5
4.6

1.7
3.6
1.9
4.7
2.3
3.0
1.1
2.4

1.7
5.4
3.6
5.1
1.1
3.3
1.4
2.6

1.5
4.7
3.1
5.3
1.1
3.7
1.7
3.0

0.9
3.8
2.9
4.8
.4
3.9
3.9
3.9

0.5
3.9
3.3
5.4
.6
4.8
3.4
4.3

1.5
3.6
2.1
5.6
.4
4.1
4.4
4.2

-1.6
4.4
6.1
5.4
.8
7.1
-1.0
4.3

3.3
4.6
1.2
5.4
.7
2.0
5.4
3.2

1.9
4.8
2.8
5.9
1.4
3,8
10.1
5.9

-1.3
2.4
3.7
4.9
-.5
6.2
-3.7
2.8

1.1
2.8
1.7
5.6
-.7
4.5
4.2
4.4

2.5
3.7
1.3
5.3
2.8
2.8
3.2
2.9

1.8
5.7
3.8
4.9
1.0
3.1
1.3
2.5

1.7
5.2
3.4
5.1
.9
3.3
1.1
2.5

1.6
4.7
3.0
4.8
.4
3.1
4.5
3.6

.6
4.1
3.5
5.4
.6
4.8
2.6
4.0

1.3
3.7
2.4
5.5
.2
4.1
3.9
4.1

2.5
5.8
3.2
2.2
-2.3
-.3

4.7
7.1
2.4
4.3
-.4
-.3

2.2
5.1
2.9
5.7
1.2
3.5

2.4
3.1
.7
3.5
-1.9

3.7
3.5
-.2
2.7
-3.5
-1.0

2.3
6.4
4.0
3.4
-.5
1.1

2.7
6.2
3.5
3.7
-.4
1.0

2.9
5.6
2.7
4.4
.1
1.5

2.9
5.3
2.3
3.9
-.8
1.0

3.2
4.7
1.4
4.0
-1.1

1.0

1.0
1.2
.2
5.9
3.5
4.9

2.3
7.7
5.3
-.4
-4.8
-2.6

3.2
6.8
3.4
3.3
-1.3
.1

1.5
5.3
3.8
6.3
1.8
4.8

1.9
2.2
.3
3.8
-1.5

1.7
.4
-1.3
6.4
4.0
4.7

2.1
7.3
5.0
2.4
-1.4
.3

2.3
7.2
4.8
2.6
-1.4
.3

2.2
6.0
3.7
3.8
-.5
1.5

2.2
5.5
3.2
3.2
-1.5
1.0

3.1
4.4

1.8

5.9
3.2
-2.5
1.7
-4.4
-4.0

2.5
2.7
.2
6.2
1.6
3.7

6.9
7.7

3.3
4.7
1.4
2.9
-2.4
-.4

.7
4.0
3.3
4.9
-1.4
4.2

.2
2.6
2.4
5.4
2.9
5.2

2.3
4.9
2.6
4.7
.8
2.4

2.9
4.6
1.6
5.2
1.0
2.2

3.8
5.0
1.2
5.4
1.0
1.5

3.9
5.0
1.0
4.9
.1

-1.0

3.2
4.8
1.6
4.6
.1
1.4

3.5
5.3
1.8
4.6
-.6
1.0

.4
4.6
4.2
4.9
.3
3.9
4.5
2.5
6.8
4.2

1.3
4.3
2.9
4.9
.2
3.9
3.6
4.6
-4.7
3.1

-.4
3.2
3.6
4.8
.4
5.2
5.3
4.9
13.3
5.9

-1.7
1.0
2.7
4.9
-.5
6.9
6.6
7.5
-31.7
2.8

.1
2.0
1.8
5.4
-.9
5.7
5.3
6.7
-9.7
4.3

2.9
4.2
1.3
5.3
2.9
3.9
2.4
8.0
-11.6
2.6

2.8
6.6
3.8
4.5
.6
1.6
1.7
1.4
5.4
2.0

1.8
5.4
3.5
4.6
.4
2.6
2.8
2.2
-1.3
2.2

1.3
4.7
3.4
4.4
.0
3.1
3.1
3.3
7.9
3.5

-.1
3.2
3.4
4.9
.1

-.2
2.6
2.8
5.0
-.2
5.4
5.2
5.9
-9.7
4.0

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

1.2
3.8

-1.4
.6

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

.8
5.8
1.0

Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator
r

= revised.




5.0
5.0
4.9
-5.8
4.0

SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

1,906.7
444.6
135.1
208.4
137.9
71.7

1,951.1
455.4
140.1
211.1
139.5
73.8

Oct.
1989?

1,952.1
454.3
140.7
212.3
139.1
74.5

Oct.
1988

129.1
25.2
6.3
17.8
7.9
3.6

Sept.
1989

134.8
26.7
6.9
17.4
9.2
3.5

Oct.
1989p

125.9
24.1
6.7
16.3
8.4
3.6

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

6.8
5.7
4.7
8.5
5.8
5.0

6.9
5.9
4.9
8.3
6.6
4.8

6.4
5.3
4.8
7.7
6.1
4.8

241.0

242.0

236.7

20.6

17.6

16.9

8.6

7.3

7.1

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

1,691.4
1,047.1
319.3

1,705.4
1,055.8
321.6

1,705.2
1,055.8
320.2

110.1
56.9
17.2

99.5
51.2
17.0

83.6
43.8
13.8

6.5
5.4
5.4

5.8
4.8
5.3

4.9
4.1
4.3

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,140.2
63.1
93.6
268.8
38.4

1,153.1
63.7
91.2
272.6
38.7

1,167.1
64.9
92.4
277.2
39.1

72.0
2.4
6.3
14.4
2.7

64.0
1.8
6.3
14.7
2.3

63.8
1.8
6.4
14.3
2.4

6.3
3.7
6.8
5.4
7.0

5.6
2.8
6.9
5.4
6.1

5.5
2.7
6.9
5.1
6.1

14,073.8
1,359.5
224.9
298.0
4,116.8
158.8
1,075.2
352.2
942.7
710.8
1,139.1
886.8
842.6
180.9
195.5
196.4
193.1

14,409.5
1,382.7
231.5
341.3
4,152.0
171.0
1,111.8
367.7
960.2
739.4
1,181.5
896.8
842.8
180.1
203.1
201.2
202.6

14,475.2
1,398.5
233.6
309.5
4,208.8
165.1
1,122.3
367.7
970.3
743.4
1,189.3
906.3
849.6
183.6
202.2
195.3
201.8

669.9
40.0
22.7
28.8
178.3
15.5
44.9
17.9
53.2
34.0
45.7
28.3
30.3
7.3
8.0
16.5
9.6

714.9
44.4
23.6
26.2
197.3
13.7
46.8
20.7
61.7
35.0
49.2
29.2
31.9
7.5
8.2
15.0
9.8

659.4
40.5
24.5
28.3
175.4
14.5
41.6
18.3
55.7
32.2
45.1
26.0
29.7
7.0
7.5
15.7
9.1

4.8
2.9
10.1
9.7
4.3
9.8
4.2
5.1
5.6
4.8
4.0
3.2
3.6
4.0
4.1
8.4
5.0

5.0
3.2
10.2
7.7
4.8
8.0
4.2
5.6
6.4
4.7
4.2
3.3
3.8
4.1
4.0
7.5
4.8

4.6
2.9
10.5
9.1
4.2
8.8
3.7
5.0
5.7
4.3
3.8
2.9
3.5
3.8
3.7
8.0
4.5

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont ...
Denver

1,683.0
132.3
873.6

1,677.3
130.5
864.6

1,690.7
132.3
873.0

100.1
6.3
49.2

72.6
4.5
36.1

79.6
4.7
38.5

5.9
4.8
5.6

4.3
3.4
4.2

4.7
3.6
4.4

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

1,746.0
230.6
423.9
72.7
276.6
115.0
100.6

1,785.0
234.7
430.2
73.2
286.4
117.1
102.2

1,768.0
232.8
427.6
72.8
283.1
115.4
101.2

46.7
7.8
10.6
2.0
7.3
2.1
3.3

61.0
10.4
12.7
2.8
9.8
3.0
4.5

62.5
10.4
13.5
2.9
9.6
2.8
4.7

2.7
3.4
2.5
2.8
2.6
1.8
3.3

3.4
4.4
3.0
3.8
3.4
2.6
4.4

3.5
4.5
3.2
3.9
3.4
2.5
4.6

353.1
304.2

362.4
305.3

366.4
309.4

9.9
9.4

11.7
11.2

12.8
12.5

2.8
3.1

3.2
3.7

3.5
4.0

District of Columbia
Washington

334.7
2,198.6

326.6
2,280.9

330.2
2,285.3

17.7
62.7

15.9
64.7

14.5
60.4

5.3
2.9

4.9
2.8

4.4
2.6

Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach .
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Jacksonville
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

6,189.7
152.9
639.2
143.5
465.1
188.4
954.8
593.2
150.6
123.2
132.7
1,002.0
423.1

6,197.8
152.7
634.9
145.5
463.8
188.8
956.0
596.2
147.0
123.1
132.3
995.0
427.2

6,284.0
154.0
643.1
148.5
469.7
190.0
965.1
602.0
149.7
125.7
135.5
1,009.3
435.7

303.8
6.8
25.1
5.5
23.2
8.9
49.5
26.1
9.3
3.9
4.4
44.7
21.7

355.0
7.7
33.1
5.6
24.4
9.6
61.4
30.2
8.6
4.5
5.7
49.0
27.6

358.7
7.7
32.2
6.3
27.1
9.6
61.2
31.6
10.5
4.7
5.6
50.5
26.5

4.9
4.5
3.9
3.8
5.0
4.7
5.2
4.4
6.2
3.2
3.3
4.5
5.1

5.7
5.0
5.2
3.9
5.3
5.1
6.4
5.1
5.9
3.7
4.3
4.9
6.5

5.7
5.0
5.0
4.2
5.8
5.1
6.3
5.3
7.0
3.8
4.1
5.0
6.1

Alaska

California1
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc .
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington .

See footnotes at end of table.




Ill

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

3,245.0
78.0
1,523.8
183.8
104.8
134.2
115.2

3,289.1
77.1
1,554.6
184.5
104.1
136.3
114.7

3,290.6
79.0
1,554.0
184.2
103.2
136.2
115.0

182.1

Hawaii
Honolulu

513.5
379.3

523.7
385.7

Idaho
Boise City

478.4
107.7

Illinois1
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

Georgia
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Wamer Robins
Savannah

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

203.7

Oct.
1989?

201.4

3.3

4.4

3.9

77.8
10.7

89.1
10.4

87.6

7.8
6.6
7.2

6.7
7.7
6.6

9.7
6.4
7.8
6.5

523.3
386.6

15.8
10.4

11.6

13.2

8.0

9.1

473.9
103.7

476.3
106.4

20.8

18.8

19.1

3.3

3.2

3.5

5,799.0
180.5
69.4
90.0
3,193.0
182.0
59.0
192.9
43.6
280.6
156.5
147.9
109.0

5,974.1
189.4
74.4
93.1
3,292.3
179.9
59.7
197.0
45.2
296.0
161.0
150.1
111.3

5,954.3
187.6
74.4
93.5
3,281.0
180.8
60.0
196.9
45.3
292.9
160.5
150.3
111.3

350.4
8.2

330.4

373.6
10.0

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,839.4
60.0
63.9
98.7
143.9
202.0
257.1
681.4
68.7
61.6
132.4
60.0

2,903.0
60.5
70.9
99.9
146.2
205.0
266.8
695.6
69.3
62.3
137.2
60.2

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

1,536.8
97.1
237.7
44.9
61.1
72.4

Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

2.8
3.3

5.6
4.2
5.1
5.8
7.4
5.0
6.2

6.2
5.7
5.7
5.6
6.4

6.1
4.9
5.6
5.3
6.2

5.7
5.8

5.7
5.7

3.1
2.8

2.2
2.1

2.5
2.3

4.4
3.1

4.0
3.1

4.0
3.3

5.5
4.8
3.4
3.4
5.5
6.3
6.9
6.7
3.5
5.4
5.5
4.2

6.3
5.3
4.3
3.8
6.2
6.7
7.6
6.6
7.7
3.9
6.2
6.3
5.2

4.7
4.9

5.1
5.9

5.0

2.5
5.0

2.6
5.2

5.2
5.1
5.7
4.5
2.4
5.2
4.7
5.1

4.8
4.9
5.1
3.9
3.0
4.8
4.5
4.4

5.1
5.1
5.5
4.7
3.4
4.7
4.8
4.4

3.8
3.2
3.5
4.5
4.0
4.4

4.0
3.8
3.8
4.8
3.9
5.1

3.9
3.7
3.5
4.2
3.4
4.7

4.5
4.9
4.8

4.3
5.0
4.4

4.2
4.2
5.8

5.4
2.9
7.4
4.6

5.1
3.1
4.5
5.9

7.6

6.5
6.2

3.2
3.6

5.7
7.7

4.1

4.5

11.3

13.1
11.5

9.0
6.3
8.2
3.7

8.7
8.2
4.7

9.9
9.5
5.7

6.2
4.8

3.6

3.0

3.5

10.5
9.7
9.2
5.2

10.4

2,910.9
61.5
67.6
100.5
146.2
206.2
267.5
703.4
70.9
61.9
136.6
60.4

141.5
3.2

1,494.8
94.5
231.1
43.3
59.1
70.7

1,276.0
90.6
255.2

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport


112


1989P

202.4
12.1

179.5
11.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Sept.
1989

6.0
4.6
4.1
3.7

9.2
2.5
3.1

182.3
14.0
5.3
12.2

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Oct.
1988

6.2

5.7

Oct.

135.6

149.0

1.9
4.9
7.5

2.9
1.8
5.0
7.1

3.6
1.8
5.3
7.4

10.3
14.5
30.8

10.1
13.5
27.3

10.5
14.7
33.2

1.7
3.2
6.3
3.1

2.1
3.0
6.1

2.4
2.9
6.6

2.7

2.7

1,526.9
96.5
235.3
44.3
59.9
72.4

58.5

59.3
3.6

59.5
3.6

8.9
2.1
2.3
3.6

8.2
1.9
2.0
3.4

1,260.1
89.9
255.4

1,264.1
89.5
259.9

57.4

54.2

52.9

4.5

4.5

3.8

12.1

11.3

15.1

1,701.7
197.0
500.2
43.5

1,724.3
201.0
520.0
43.5

1,713.9
201.3
507.7
44.0

103.5

93.8

87.5

7.5

5.9

6.2

25.3
2.7

38.3

22.7

2.0

2.6

6.1
3.8
5.1
6.2

1,918.7
59.8
269.6
69.6
100.4
69.0
597.1
161.1

1,918.2
60.7
271.3
68.8
99.8
68.4
603.6
158.0

1,927.3
60.8
272.6
70.0
102.1
69.0
605.3
159.8

193.3
5.5
24.4

146.0

124.8

10.1

4.6

3.8

17.5

14.9

6.6

4.7
6.5
4.7

3.9
5.4
4.3

44.2
12.7

35.8
14.3

9.2
9.1
9.5
9.1
9.6
9.1

6.8
6.5
6.9
7.3

10.0

8.1

5.9
8.9

598.0
41.9
128.5

625.3
42.2
134.0

625.4
43.1
135.5

18.0

19.4
1.9
2.8

23.3

3.0
3.8
1.7

3.1
4.6
2.1

3.7
4.8
2.5

3.1
8.3
2.0
2.5
3.2

9.2
6.7
54.4
16.2

1.6
2.1

2.1
3.3

5.0
5.4
2.9

7.6
6.4

5.5
5.6

5.3
6.2

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989?

Maryland ....
Baltimore .

2,471.4
1,186.5

2,541.5
1,211.4

2,543.8
1,211.1

100.3
54.0

103.5
54.2

92.9
47.7

4.1
4.6

4.1
4.5

3.7
3.9

Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,143.3
1,556.7
99.0
76.0
46.5
187.4
152.3
85.3
40.5
250.4
223.3

3,111.9
1,521.5
99.5
75.0
46.2
187.2
152.8
85.0
39.8
245.4
224.3

3,113.3
1,526.8
99.1
75.2
46.0
188.3
153.3
84.7
40.3
249.9
225.9

88.9
38.7
3.4
3.3
1.8
7.2
5.0
3.3
1.7
7.2
5.4

133.8
57.9
5.4
4.7
2.6
11.6
7.8
4.9
1.7
10.9
9.5

127.9
53.9
4.9
4.9
2.5
11.3
7.6
5.3
1.7
10.5
8.9

2.8
2.5
3.5
4.3
3.8
3.8
3.3
3.9
4.2
2.9
2.4

4.3
3.8
5.4
6.3
5.7
6.2
5.1
5.8
4.4
4.4
4.2

4.1
3.5
5.0
6.5
5.4
6.0
5.0
6.3
4.2
4.2
3.9

Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,621.2
166.1
65.4
79.8
2,207.4
189.4
368.3
66.3
120.5
249.3
69.7
185.4

4,688.9
165.3
66.0
79.7
2,246.9
192.1
371.9
67.4
120.6
243.4
69.8
190.4

4,759.4
170.3
67.1
81.6
2,273.2
197.0
379.4
68.2
123.5
254.3
70.3
192.5

306.9
5.8
4.3
5.1
150.5
22.9
17.6
4.4
5.7
12.4
6.1
11.6

349.5
8.0
5.0
6.7
178.4
18.8
19.3
4.8
6.2
14.7
7.2
13.8

368.5
8.7
5.4
6.9
181.9
24.6
21.9
4.9
6.7
14.6
7.1
14.6

6.6
3.5
6.5
6.4
6.8
12.1
4.8
6.7
4.7
5.0
8.7
6.2

7.5
4.8
7.6
8.5
7.9
9.8
5.2
7.1
5.2
6.0
10.4
7.2

7.7
5.1
8.1
8.4
8.0
12.5
5.8
7.2
5.5
5.8
10.1
7.6

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,359.4
106.0
1,405.9
61.6
97.1

2,353.6
107.0
1,408.2
62.5
93.4

2,375.5
107.3
1,419.2
62.6
97.5

81.2
5.2
44.9
1.5
3.5

95.4
5.8
54.0
1.8
3.7

5.2
49.2
1.7
3.6

3.4
4.9
3.2
2.4
3.6

4.1
5.4
3.8
2.9
4.0

3.7
4.9
3.5
2.8
3.7

Mississippi .
Jackson ...

1,140.3
197.7

1,167.6
205.3

1,163.8
205.4

97.2
12.1

83.5
10.4

75.0
9.5

8.5
6.1

7.2
5.0

6.4
4.6

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis LMA
Springfield

2,603.0
842.5
1,261.5
126.2

2,633.9
845.2
1,267.8
127.6

2,627.5
843.4
1,270.0
127.3

132.7
41.4
68.5
5.0

135.9
40.8
65.9
5.8

135.8
38.9
67.7
5.8

5.1
4.9
5.4
4.0

5.2
4.8
5.2
4.5

5.2
4.6
5.3
4.6

Montana ....

401.2

402.1

400.0

22.2

20.5

21.2

5.5

5.1

5.3

Nebraska ...
Lincoln ....
Omaha ....

833.3
130.0
329.3

811.3
127.1
322.8

826.4
129.1
329.2

25.1
3.9
11.0

23.4
2.9
11.2

22.7
2.8
11.2

3.0
3.0
3.3

2.9
2.3
3.5

2.7
2.2
3.4

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

601.6
351.8
143.4

599.7
351.3
140.2

609.9
359.1
142.1

25.2
15.9
5.0

30.2
18.2
6.4

29.5
17.7
6.2

4.2
4.5
3.5

5.0
5.2
4.6

4.8
4.9
4.4

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester

615.3
86.0
100.4
134.9

626.8
85.4
98.7
133.5

638.9
86.9
101.0
135.5

14.4
1.8
3.2
2.2

25.1
3.4
4.9
3.7

24.9
3.3
4.8
3.7

2.3
2.1
3.2
1.6

4.0
3.9
4.9
2.8

3.9
3.8
4.8
2.7

3,907.3
175.9
710.9
267.7
559.3
466.8
922.7
170.5
57.4

3,973.6
187.6
717.2
271.3
564.7
484.0
945.9
170.2
57.9

3,987.4
180.3
722.4
273.7
570.6
481.7
952.0
170.5
58.4

138.1
8.7
21.9
15.6
13.7
14.8
34.8
4.5
3.7

170.9
9.0
28.4
18.2
16.9
18.9
43.9
5.9
3.8

191.5
11.8
31.2
20.1
20.0
21.3
49.6
6.2
4.3

3.5
4.9
3.1
5.8
2.5
3.2
3.8
2.7
6.4

4.3
4.8
4.0
6.7
3.0
3.9
4.6
3.5
6.5

4.8
6.5
4.3
7.3
3.5
4.4
5.2
3.7
7.3

694.3
265.8
57.7
66.4

693.2
263.9
57.1
66.4

701.0
267.6
59.3
67.2

47.5
14.4
3.9
3.1

42.3
12.8
3.6
2.4

41.6
12.7
3.6
2.7

6.8
5.4
6.7
4.6

6.1
4.9
6.3
3.7

5.9
4.7
6.1
4.1

New Jersey1
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
See footnotes at end of table.




Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989?

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989P

8,562.4
425.6
128.3
452.1
42.5
1,437.7
3,911.2
3,231.7
135.0
129.9
510.7
318.1
137.7

8,595.0
430.2

8,675.2
435.0
127.9

3,402.2
89.6
646.5

126.7
457.8
43.6

461.2
44.6

1,430.9

1,444.2

3,927.4
3,249.9

3,954.9
3,270.3
137.4

Oct.
1988

360.0
14.8
4.5
21.4
1.6
48.0
179.1

Sept.
1989

447.8
17.5
6.0
26.1
2.2
65.6

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989?

4.2
3.5
3.5
4.7
3.7
3.3
4.6
4.9
3.6
2.7
3.5
3.9
4.6

5.2
4.1
4.7
5.7
5.1
4.6
5.8
6.2
5.4
3.3
4.1
4.3
4.7

4.6
3.6
4.0
5.0
4.9
4.1
5.1
5.4
4.8
3.0
3.6
3.8
4.3

19.4
15.5
9.1

3.8
3.4
3.4
3.4
2.7

3.5
3.2
3.2
3.4
2.7

3.1
2.5
2.9
2.9
2.2

Oct.

1989?
401.6
15.5

5.1
23.0
2.2
59.4
200.5
176.7
6.6
4.0

129.6

131.6

506.9
316.4
137.7

518.6

4.9
3.5
17.8

227.1
200.3
7.3
4.3
20.6

321.8
139.2

12.5
6.3

13.7
6.5

12.4

3,446.2
90.9

128.8
3.1
22.2

120.9

418.3

11.2

2.9
21.4
17.7
11.2

105.6
2.3

531.9
410.9

3,445.4
91.1
661.2
525.4
415.4

327.6
44.2
85.6
35.0

330.9
47.2
85.6
35.1

328.9
46.2
86.8
35.7

13.7
1.8
1.9
1.2

13.9
2.1
2.2
1.4

12.6
1.8
1.9
1.3

4.2
4.2
2.3
3.5

4.2
4.4
2.6
4.1

3.8
3.9
2.2
3.6

Ohio1
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

5,364.6
328.7
190.9
768.5
937.2
720.8
474.9
314.1
223.3

5,460.3
336.5
196.1
798.2
950.6
734.2
486.2
322.5
228.1

5,513.0
338.5
197.2
801.6
960.1
745.7
496.7
326.1
230.1

277.6
16.5
10.3
34.2
45.0
32.3
22.8
16.2
13.5

268.6
15.4
11.1
32.0
41.7
31.5
22.1
18.0
13.9

310.2
17.3
11.2
36.1
48.1
35.7
30.4
20.2
15.1

5.2
5.0
5.4
4.4
4.8
4.5
4.8
5.2
6.1

4.9
4.6
5.7
4.0
4.4
4.3
4.6
5.6
6.1

5.6
5.1
5.7
4.5
5.0
4.8
6.1
6.2
6.6

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,539.3
28.5
48.3

1,525.2
27.8

497.1
343.4

48.9
490.2
346.0

1,519.1
27.6
49.6
490.5
344.8

86.2
1.4
2.5
23.7
20.7

79.2
1.2
2.2
22.5
18.6

73.6
1.1
2.3
20.7
17.3

5.6
4.8
5.3
4.8
6.0

5.2
4.2
4.6
4.6
5.4

4.8
4.2
4.6
4.2
5.0

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

1,411.3
142.2
640.1
133.6

1,419.9
140.9
643.0
134.8

1,416.8
143.1
646.4
133.6

67.5
6.9
26.8
5.9

66.6
6.8
26.3
6.0

64.9
6.2
27.9
5.5

4.8
4.8
4.2
4.4

4.7
4.8
4.1
4.4

4.6
4.4
4.3
4.1

Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Williamsport
York

5,807.3
326.2
59.7
60.3
131.5
321.4
94.8
221.6
2,413.5
964.0
175.6
361.1
59.2
219.5

5,862.4
332.2
61.2
59.3
134.0
331.0
96.8
224.4
2,418.4
979.5
178.4
361.0

293.7
13.7
4.0
5.4
7.9

236.9

13.5
6.6
9.0
100.3
53.2
6.6

12.7

21.0
3.0
9.7

91.8
38.2
5.8
17.4
3.0
7.7

258.8
15.2
3.6
3.6
6.6
12.4
6.0
8.2
94.4

60.7
222.9

5,857.3
332.4
60.4
59.1
133.7
327.4
96.2
226.1
2,418.9
977.5
181.2
362.8
60.6
221.7

41.2
7.8
19.7
3.2
8.6

5.1
4.2
6.8
8.9
6.0
4.2
7.0
4.1
4.2
5.5
3.8
5.8
5.1
4.4

4.0
4.1
5.1
6.1
4.4
3.8
6.2
2.8
3.8
3.9
3.3
4.8
4.9
3.5

4.4
4.6
6.0
6.2
4.9
3.8
6.3
3.6
3.9
4.2
4.3
5.4
5.3
3.9

532.5
167.4
348.9

528.1
166.6
344.0

527.4
166.3
344.8

15.6
5.9
9.7

21.3
8.9
13.3

21.0
8.3
13.3

2.9
3.5
2.8

4.0
5.3
3.9

4.0
5.0
3.9

1,696.2
230.6
236.4
343.8

1,740.5
238.9
245.4
355.0

1,742.3
239.1
245.4
356.4

72.1
8.5
7.3
11.0

87.3
10.1
9.3
14.3

87.3
13.6
7.8
12.5

4.2
3.7
3.1
3.2

5.0
4.2
3.8
4.0

5.0
5.7
3.2
3.5

359.9
39.3
73.4

365.6
40.5
73.4

368.0
40.8
74.0

13.9
2.0
2.7

14.3
1.6
2.3

14.2
1.6
2.2

3.9
5.1
3.7

3.9
3.9
3.1

3.9
4.0
2.9

1

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
See footnotes at end of table.


http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/
1 \A
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

135.4

661.0
527.6

159.5

17.9

13.5
3.1
3.6
5.9
6.0
6.3

18.9
5.9

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

State and area

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis LMA
Nashville
Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989p

2,330.9
212.6
210.6
284.2
444.8
517.6

2,379.0
216.4
214.8
284.0
457.0
519.6

2,385.1
217.6
218.5
284.5
455.9
521.1

121.1
11.4
9.5
13.5
21.3
20.0

91.1
9.1
7.7
11.1
16.4
15.9

8,324.3
54.3
99.9
426.3

8,265.6
53.5

8,292.7
53.7
97.8

567.7
3.1
6.1
24.0
15.2

521.0
3.2
5.5
21.6
12.8
5.5
11.2
2.3
12.1
75.4
24.0
36.7
7.4

163.2
83.3
99.1
60.5
157.4
1,460.1
244.4
687.2
105.8
1,634.3
96.6
48.0
80.5
114.2
156.4

98.3
419.9
161.9
83.8

421.3
162.1
84.4

98.6

99.8

60.9

61.5
156.7
1,450.3
244.5
687.8
103.6
1,650.8
96.3
50.0

5.9

92.8
56.1

11.5
2.7
13.7
82.0
25.7
40.3
8.4
100.9
7.8
5.6
6.8
5.7
25.3
2.7
3.9
2.7
46.0
3.2
4.3
5.4
2.3
5.7
3.2

804.8
114.9
523.4

801.1
113.7
523.0

296.8
75.4

304.7
76.2

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

3,080.6
68.0
52.5
70.5
611.0
445.2
121.3

Washington
Seattle

156.1
1,443.0

244.9
686.4
104.5

1,645.2
96.0
49.2

79.3

79.3

93.7
57.3

114.6
150.5
48.8
51.3
44.6
600.2
47.0
57.5
74.6
36.8
92.1
56.1

115.3

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen ...

769.7
110.6
501.0

Vermont
Burlington

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Mahetta ...
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Wausau
Wyoming
1

153.8

93.0
6.5
5.1
6.2
5.1
26.0

Oct.
1989P

Oct.
1988

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989p

97.1
9.9
9.1
11.0
17.1
17.1

5.2
5.4
4.5
4.7
4.8
3.9

3.8
4.2
3.6
3.9
3.6
3.1

4.1
4.5
4.2
3.9
3.8
3.3

500.1
3.1
4.8
20.5
12.1
5.1
11.0
2.4

6.8
5.7
6.1
5.6
9.3
7.1
11.6
4.5
8.7
5.6
10.5
5.9
7.9
6.2
8.0
11.6
8.4
5.0

6.3
6.1
5.6
5.1
7.9
6.6
11.3
3.8
7.8
5.2
9.8
5.4
7.1
5.7
6.7
10.3
7.8
4.4
17.2
5.9
7.8
5.8
7.0
5.5
6.2
6.9
5.7
5.3
5.6

6.0
5.7
4.9
4.9
7.5
6.1
11.0
3.9
7.2
5.0
9.7
5.1
7.1
5.4
6.8
9.8
7.3
4.1
16.4
5.5
7.1
5.4
6.8
5.1
5.8
6.3
5.2
5.2
5.1

11.3
72.6
23.8
34.8
7.4
88.7
6.6

4.9
5.8
4.7
25.2
2.7
3.6
2.4
40.8
2.4
3.4
4.7

2.1
4.9
3.2

1.9
4.8

2.9

16.2
5.4
7.4
6.0
7.5
6.5
7.5
7.2
6.3
6.1
5.6

30.0
3.6
19.2

29.3
3.8
18.8

27.9
3.6
17.6

3.9
3.3
3.8

3.6
3.3
3.6

3.5
3.2
3.4

304.6
76.2

7.8
1.4

10.1
2.1

10.6
2.2

2.6
1.9

3.3
2.7

3.5
2.8

3,172.4
66.8
54.7
73.2
624.2

3,172.2
68.0
54.3
73.3
619.8

117.8
1.7
3.5

128.8

461.0
121.4

464.8
122.5

114.4
1.9
3.4
3.4
28.0
14.1
4.9

15.9
3.8

1.6
3.3
4.4
30.7
18.4
5.6

3.7
2.8
6.4
4.9
4.6
3.2
4.1

3.7
2.5
6.5
5.4
4.6
3.5
3.1

4.1
2.4
6.0
5.9
5.0
4.0
4.6

2,327.9
1,038.0

2,385.5
1,069.5

2,411.7
1,089.4

121.2
45.1

127.1
47.0

124.3
44.1

5.2
4.3

5.3
4.4

5.2
4.1

744.7
115.0
124.2
71.1
71.4

770.5
120.7
129.0
74.1
73.3

775.1
120.5
130.4
74.5
73.1

72.9
10.0
8.8
4.8
5.2

62.2
7.6
7.2
4.4
4.1

68.3
8.0
7.5
4.8
4.3

9.8
8.7
7.1
6.7
7.3

8.1
6.3
5.6
5.9
5.6

8.8
6.7
5.8
6.5
6.0

2,598.3

61.8

2,635.1
174.6
74.4
112.1
73.7
55.1
60.1
225.8
776.4
93.6
63.8

2,647.8
176.6
75.8
112.5
73.9
54.9
61.2
229.5
781.5
93.6
64.5

83.0
5.3
2.2
3.7
2.4
1.8
1.5
4.7
22.7
3.1
1.9

107.8
7.1
2.8
4.5
3.9
4.6
2.0
5.8
31.3
4.7
2.6

106.4
6.7
3.0
4.3
3.8
4.2
2.0
5.9
30.4
4.5
2.4

3.2
3.1
3.0
3.4
3.2 '
3.2
2.7
2.1
3.0
3.5
3.1

4.1
4.1
3.8
4.0
5.3
8.4
3.3
2.6
4.0
5.1
4.1

4.0
3.8
4.0
3.8
5.1
7.7
3.3
2.6
3.9
4.8
3.8

231.1

222.8

223.1

13.8

12.5

11.5

6.0

5.6

5.2

49.7
53.0
45.7
609.0
48.5
57.3
74.9

36.1

174.2
73.4

107.2
74.0
57.3
58.2
223.6
765.7
89.4

Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1988 have been




Sept.
1989

Oct.
1988

48.8

51.0
44.4
602.9
47.0
58.0
75.2
36.4

2.9
4.0
2.6
41.8
2.6
3.5

5.1

3.9
28.4

benchmarked to 1988 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the
11 States designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1989 are provisional and will be
revised when new benchmark information becomes available. Area definitions are
published annually in the May issue of this publication.

Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports
from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from a
sample survey of the population 16 years of age and over.
The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the
Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the employed, and the
unemployed, including such characteristics as age, sex, race,
family relationship, marital status, occupation, and industry attachment. The survey also provides data on the characteristics and past work experience of those not in the labor
force. The information is collected by trained interviewers
from a sample of over about 60,000 households, representing 729 areas in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with
coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia. The data
collected are based on the activity or status reported for the
calendar week including the 12th of the month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on
nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The
employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based
on payroll reports from a sample of over 300,000 establishments employing over 38 million nonagricultural wage and
salary workers. The data relate to all workers, full or part
time, who received pay during the payroll period which includes the 12th day of the month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data supplement one
another, each providing significant types of information that
the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics,
for example, are readily obtained only from the household
survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of differences in definitions and coverage, sources
of information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which



have a differential effect on the levels and trends of the two
series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics and
other private household workers), self-employed persons,
unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more during the
survey week in family-operated enterprises, and members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. Civilian
employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and
salary employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons
holding more than one job are counted only once and are
classified according to the job at which they worked the
greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the
figures based on establishment reports, persons who worked
in more than one establishment during the reporting period
are counted each time their names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were not
at work during the survey week—that is, were not working
but had jobs from which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management
disputes, or because they were taking time off for various
other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers
for the time off. In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the company are included, but not
those on leave without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences between
household and establishment survey employment data, see
Gloria P. Green's article, "Comparing Employment Estimates From Household and Payroll Surveys," Monthly
Labor Review, December 1969.
Hours of work
The household survey measures hours actually worked
whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for by
117

employers. In the household survey data, all persons with
a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average hours. In the payroll
survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during
the reporting period.
Earnings
The household survey measures median earnings of wage
and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both
the private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's sole or primary job. Data
from the establishment survey generally refer to average
earnings of production and related workers in mining and
manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and
nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries. For a comprehensive discussion of the household
survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the
Quarterly Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113.

COMPARABILITY OF HOUSEHOLD DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from
the household survey includes all persons who did not have
a job at all during the survey week and were looking for work
or were waiting to be called back to a job from which they
had been laid off, whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance
claims, prepared by the Employment and Training Administration of the Department of Labor, exclude persons who
have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have
not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons
losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems
(some workers in agriculture, domestic services, and religious organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family
workers). Beginning in January 1978, coverage was extended
to include domestic workers whose employers paid $1,000
or more in wages in any calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or more workers in
20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any
calendar quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment
compensation differ from the definition of unemployment
used in the household survey. For example, persons with
a job but not at work and persons working only a few hours
during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment
compensation but are classified as employed rather than




unemployed in the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences between State insured unemployment and total unemployment,
see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemployment"
by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the Monthly
Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of
Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the
inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual jobholders, who
are counted more than once if they work on more than one
farm during the reporting period. There are also wide differences in sampling techniques and collecting and estimating
methods which cannot be readily measured in terms of their
impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two
series.

COMPARABILITY OF PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the Census, BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from
employment counts derived by the Bureau of Census from
its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons for noncomparability are different treatment of business units considered parts
of an establishment, such as central administrative offices
and auxiliary units, the industrial classification of establishments, and different reporting patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences in the scope of the industries
covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional
services, public utilities, and financial establishments,
whereas these are included in the BLS statistics.
County Business Patterns. Data in County Business Patterns
(CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS establishment statistics
in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP
excludes interstate railroads and government, and coverage
is incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance programs. Most nonagricultural wage and salary workers are
covered by the unemployment insurance programs.
However, certain activities, such as interstate railroads,
parochial schools, and churches, are not covered by unemployment insurance whereas these are included in the BLS
establishment statistics.

Household Data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population, the
personal, occupational, and other characteristics of the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the labor force,
and related data are compiled for the BLS by the Bureau of
the Census in its Current Population Survey (CPS). A detailed
description of this survey appears in Concepts and Methods
Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the Current
Population Survey, BLS Report 463. Historical national data
are published in Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current Population Survey: A Databook, BLS Bulletin 2096.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted
through a scientifically selected sample designed to represent
the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents are interviewed to obtain information about the employment status of each member of the household 16 years of age and
over. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which includes the 12th
of the month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field
interviewing is conducted in the following week.
Inmates of institutions and persons under 16 years of age
are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations, and
are excluded from the population and labor force statistics
shown in this publication. Data on the members of the Armed
Forces stationed in the United States, who are included as
part of the categories "noninstitutional population," "labor
force," and "total employment." are obtained from the
Department of Defense.
Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for
interview. About 2,600 of these households are visited but
interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not
at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey of
between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the 60,000 occupied
units, there are 11,500 sample units in an average month
which are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not
enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month. The
rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample to be
common from one month to the next, and one-half to be common with the same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data
have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the
inception of the survey in 1940; those used since 1967 are
as follows:
Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in their
own business, profession, or on their own farm, or who
worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise
—~~~*r~A
K,, o ™omK^r r»f thp familv and (h\ all those who



were not working but who had jobs or businesses from which
they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor- management disputes, or personal reasons,
whether they were paid for the time off or were seeking other
jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States are also included in the employed total.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those who
held more than one job are counted in the job at which they
worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries who are temporarily in the United States but not living
on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons whose
only activity consisted of work around the house (painting,
repairing, or own home housework) or volunteer work for
religious, charitable, and similar organizations.
Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no employment during the survey week, were available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to
find employment some time during the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which
they had been laid off or were waiting to report to a new
job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of time
(through the current survey week) during which persons classified as unemployed had been continuously looking for
work. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment
represents the number of full weeks since the termination
of their most recent employment. A period of 2 weeks or
more during which a person was employed or ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the
present period of seeking work. Measurements of mean and
median duration are computed from a distribution of single
weeks of unemployment.
Unemployment is also categorized according to the status
of individuals at the time they began to look for work. The
reasons for unemployment are divided into four major
groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking for work,
and persons on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit
or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and
immediately began looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks
or longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning
to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who never
worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer. Each
of these four categories of the unemployed may be expressed
as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian
labor force; the sum of the four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian workers.
Jobseekers are all unemoloved persons who made

specific efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week
period preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include
those persons unemployed because they (a) were waiting to
be called back to a job from which they had been laid off
or (b) were waiting to report to a new job within 30 days.
Jobseekers are grouped by the methods used to seek work,
including going to a public or private employment agency
or to an employer directly, seeking assistance from friends
or relatives, placing or answering ads, or utilizing some other
method. Examples of the "other" category include being
on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from
a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor
pickup point.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians classified
as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria
described above. The labor force also includes members of
the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
The overall unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
The unemployment rate for all civilian workers represents
the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor
force. This measure can also be computed for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, etc.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the population that is in the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident
Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian
labor force participation rate is the ratio of the civilian labor
force to the civilian noninstitutional population. Civilian labor
force participation rates are usually published for sexage groups, often cross-classified by other demographic
characteristics such as race and educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of
the noninstitutional population that is employed. The total
employment-population ratio is total employment, including
the resident Armed Forces, as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The civilian employment-population ratio is the percentage of all employed civilians in the civilian
noninstitutional population.
Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are
further classified as engaged in own home housework, in
school, unable to work because of long-term physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The "other" group includes
individuals reported as too old or temporarily unable to work,
the voluntarily idle, seasonal workers for whom the survey
week fell in an off season and who were not reported as looking for work, and persons who did not look for work because they believed that no jobs were available in the area
or that no jobs were available for which they could qualify—
discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid
family work (less than 15 hours in the specified week) are
also classified as not in labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous work
experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a job at the




time of interview, and reasons for not looking for work are
published on a quarterly basis. As of January 1970, the
detailed questions for persons not in the labor force are asked
only in those households that are in the fourth and eighth
months of the sample, i.e., the "outgoing" groups, those
which had been in the sample for 3 previous months and
would not be in for the subsequent month. Between 1967
and 1969, these questions were asked in those households
entering the sample for the first time and those returning for
the second 4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming"
groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed
apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two
or more jobs are classified in the job at which they worked
the greatest number of hours during the survey week. The
unemployed are classified according to their last full-time
job lasting 2 weeks or more. The classifications of occupations and industries used in data derived from the CPS are
defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed
categories included in these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and salary
workers subdivided into private and government workers;
self-employed workers; and unpaid family workers. Wage
and salary workers receive wages, salary, commission, tips,
or pay in kind from a private employer or from a government unit. Self-employed persons are those who work for
profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or
operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or
in a business operated by a member of the household to whom
they are related by birth or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours
worked during the survey week. For example, persons who
normally work 40 hours a week but were off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours even
though they were paid for the holiday. For persons working
in more than one job, the figures relate to the number of hours
worked in all jobs during the week; all the hours are credited to the major job.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey
week are designated as working full time. Persons who
worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working
part time. Part-time workers are classified by their usual status at their present job (either full or part time) and by their
reason for working part time during the survey week (economic or noneconomic reasons). Economic reasons include:
Slack work, material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start or termination of a job during the week, and inability to find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons include:
Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation, demands
of home or school, no desire for full-time work, and fulltime worker only during peak season. Persons on full-time
schedules include, in addition to those working 35 hours or
more, those who worked from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic
reasons and usually work full time.
Data on employment "at work" differ from data on total
employment because they exclude persons in the zero-hours-

worked category, "with a job but not at work." These are
persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week
for such reasons as bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor dispute.
Employed persons are also categorized into full- and parttime groupings based primarily on their usual status. In this
context, full-time workers are those who (a) worked 35 hours
or more during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours
for economic or noneconomic reasons, but usually work full
time, and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually
work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who
(a) voluntarily worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week,
(b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually
work part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time
work; and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually
work part time.
Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers are
calculated using the concepts of the full- and part-time labor
force which are based on the type of job—full or part-time—
that persons—whether working or unemployed—report that
they want. The "full-time labor force" includes all persons
working part time but who desire full-time work, that is,
working part time for economic reasons. Thus, this category
consists of persons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily working part time regardless of their usual status; and unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The
"part-time labor force" consists of persons working part time
voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time work.
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work on full-time or voluntary part-time schedules.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours lost
to the economy through unemployment and involuntary parttime employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is computed by assuming that;
(1) unemployed persons looking for full-time work lost an
average of 37.5 hours, (2) those looking for part-time work
lost the average number of hours actually worked by voluntary part-time workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on part time for economic reasons lost the difference
between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they
worked.
White, black, and other are terms used to describe the race
of workers. Included in the "other" group are American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders.
All tables in this publication which contain racial data, with
the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data
for the black population group. Because of their relatively
small sample size, data for "other" races are not published.
In the enumeration process, race is determined by the household respondent.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified themselves
in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican living
on the mainland, Cuban, Central or South American, or of
other Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic ori


gin may be of any race; thus they are included in both the
white and black population groups.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed
Forces of the United States between August 5, 1964, and
May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and women
are excluded. Nonveterans are men who never served in the
Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from responses
to the question "How much does.. .USUALLY earn per week
at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime
pay, commissions, or tips usually received. The term
"usual" is as perceived by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than half the weeks worked
during the past 4 or 5 months. Data refer to wage and salary
workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who
usually work full time on their sole or primary job.
Median earnings indicate the value which divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part having values
above the median and the other having values below the median. The medians as shown in this publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the $50 centered interval within
which each median falls.
Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPi-u).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status are terms used to define the marital status of
individuals at the time of interview. Married, spouse present,
applies to husband and wife if both were reported as members of the same household even though one may be temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a hospital,
etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are married,
spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse
absent, includes persons who are separated because of marital discord, as well as persons who are living apart because
either the husband or the wife was employed and living away
from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or had a different
place of residence for any reason.
A household consists of all persons—related family members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a housing unit.
A house, an apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room
is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended for
occupancy as separate living quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in
whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The term
is never applied to either husbands or wives in married-couple
families but relates only to persons in families maintained
by either men or women without a spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons residing
together who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption; all
such persons are considered as members of one family even
though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married couple or a parent-child group related by birth or marriage to the householder and sharing the living quarters. The

121

count of families used in this publication excludes unrelated
subfamilies such as lodgers, guests, or resident employees
living in a household but not related to the householder. Families are classified either as married-couple families or as families maintained by women or men without spouses. A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in which the
householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married,
spouse absent. Data on the earnings of families exclude all
those in which there is no wage or salary earner or in which
the husband, wife, or other persons maintaining the family
is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in tracted
areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD's) in untracted
areas, in which 20 percent or more of the noninstitutional
residents were poor according to the 1980 decennial census.
Persons were classified as poor or nonpoor by comparing
money income to a series of poverty income thresholds which
vary by family size and number of children. While poverty
areas have a substantial concentration of low-income residents, many poor persons live outside these areas, and conversely, the areas include many people who are not poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the total
of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA's) as defined by
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as of June 30,
1983. These definitions differ from those used in the 1980
decennial census. A detailed discussion of the MS A definitions as well as changes in terminology can be found in "The
New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980
Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan Statistical Areas, PC-S1-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist of the total territory outside MSA'S.
The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census,
comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in places
of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized areas. More
specifically, the urban population consists of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated
as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New
York), and towns (except in the New England States, New
York, and Wisconsin), but excluding those persons living
in the rural portions of extended cities; and (2) other territories, incorporated and unincorporated, included in urbanized
areas. The population not classified as urban constitutes the
rural population.

HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Change in lower age limit
The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor force,
employment, and unemployment was raised from 14 to 16
years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical
series have been revised to provide consistent information
based on the population 16 years and over. For a detailed
discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced
at that time, including estimates of their effect on the various series, see "New Definitions for Employment and Unemployment," Employment and Earnings and Monthly


122


Report on the Labor Force, February 1967.

Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there are
several other periods of noncomparability in the labor force
data: (l)Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from
the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total employment, and agricultural employment were increased by about
350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and men;
other categories were relatively unaffected. (2) Beginning in
1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and about 300,000
in the labor force. Four-fifths of this increase was in nonagricultural employment; other labor force categories were not appreciably affected. (3) Beginning in 1962, the introduction of
data from the 1960 census reduced the population by about
50,000 and labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually unchanged. (4) Beginning
in 1972, information from the 1970 census was introduced
into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by
about 800,000; labor force and employment totals were
raised by a little more than 300,000; and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent
population adjustment based on the 1970 census was introduced in March 1973. This adjustment, which affected
the white and black-and-other groups but had little effect on
totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white
population and an increase of the same magnitude in the
black-and-other population. Civilian labor force and total employment figures were affected to a lesser degree; the white
labor force was reduced by 150,000, and the black-and-other
labor force rose by about 210,000. Unemployment levels and
rates were not significantly affected.
In addition, beginning in January 1974, the methodology
used to prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to an inflation-deflation
approach. This change in the derivation of the estimates had
its greatest impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year-old men—
particularly those of the black-and-other population—but had
little effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and
over. Additional information on the adjustment procedure
appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from InflationDeflation Method of Estimation", in the February 1974
issue of Employment and Earnings.
Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration of
Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and
black-and-other independent population controls for persons
16 years and over were adjusted upward by 76,000—30,000
men and 46,000 women. The addition of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all of the changes were in
the other population.
Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation procedures
resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the civilian labor

force and employment totals; unemployment levels and rates
were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural
changes and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1978"
in the February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual was
determined by the household respondent for the incoming
rotation group households, rather than by the interviewer as
before. The purpose of this change was to provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race. Thus, in October
1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race determined by the household respondent and seven-eighths of the
sample households had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race determined by the household respondent. The
new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio estimation
method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for
metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for the
total United States. The reasoning behind the change and an
indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the February
1979 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect
on national estimates of labor force characteristics appear
in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning
in January 1982" in the February 1982 issue of Employment
and Earnings. In addition, current population estimates used
in the second-stage estimation procedure were derived
from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than
the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases
in total population and estimates of persons in all labor force
categories. Rates for labor force characteristics, however,
remained virtually unchanged. Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment procedure used is also described in the
February 1982 article cited above. The revisions did not,
however, smooth out the breaks in series occurring between
1972 and 1979 that are described above, and data users
should make allowances for them in making certain data comparisons.
Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment
methodology was updated to account for results obtained
from the 1980 census. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the February
1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. There were only
slight differences between the old and new procedures in estimates of levels for the various labor force characteristics
and virtually no differences in estimates of participation rates.
Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the CPS
estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first
and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite



estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in
the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes
and an indication of their effect on national estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation
Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of this publication. Overall, the revisions had only a slight effect on most
estimates. The greatest impact was on estimates of persons
of Hispanic origin. Major estimates were revised back to
January 1980.
Beginning in January 1986, the population controls used
in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980 and
an improved estimate of the number of emigrants among legal foreign-born residents for the same time period. As a
result, the total civilian population and labor force estimates
were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian employment was increased by about 350,000. The Hispanic-origin civilian population and labor force estimates were raised by about 425,000
and 305,000, respectively, and civilian employment by
270,000. Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and
rates were not significantly affected. Because of the magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data have been revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An
explanation of the changes and their effect on estimates of
labor force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of this
publication.
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification system
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational employment data was affected as a result of changes in the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were
introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further affected
in December 1971, when a question relating to major activity or duties was added to the monthly CPS questionnaire
in order to determine more precisely the occupational classification of individuals. As a result of these changes,
meaningful comparisions of occupational employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and prior years nor
between those 2 years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of the changes
in the occupational classification system, see "Revisions in
Occupational Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in
the Current Population Survey" in the February 1971 and
February 1972 issues, respectively, of Employment and
Earnings.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from those
developed for the 1970 census, which were used in the CPS
from January 1971 through December 1982.
The 1980 census occupational classification system evolved
123

from the Standard Occuptional Classification system (soc).
While the CPS occupational data are now comparable with
other data sources, the new system is so radically different
in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical data are not possible without major adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales
occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category
"sales workers". Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in
retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980 census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification
system (SIC), as modified in 1977. The adoption of the new
system had a much less adverse effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most notable changes from the 1970 system were the transfer of farm
equipment stores from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal
service from "public administration" to "transportation",
and some interchange between "professional and related
services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational
and industrial classification systems appears in "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983"
in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Changes in the sample design
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various
changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of these
changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the
sample design and/or to increase the reliability of the sample estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census is
to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of sample areas
and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally. In 1953, the current rotation plan was introduced, in
which a sample unit is interviewed for 4 months, leaves the
sample for 8 months, and then returns to the sample for
another 4 months. When Alaska and Hawaii achieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to account for
the population in these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major portion of the sample from census address
lists was begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected using area sampling. Following the 1970 census, the
ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous
cluster of six housing units to a usually contiguous cluster
of four housing units. In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24 States and the District of Columbia and designed to provide more reliable
annual average estimates for States, was incorporated into
the design. In October 1978, a coverage improvement sample, composed of approximately 450 sample household units
which represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and
600,000 new construction housing units, was included in
computing the estimates in order to provide coverage of moDigitized
124for FRASER


bile homes and new construction units that previously had
no chance for selection in the CPS sample selected from the
1970 census frame. In January 1980, another supplemental
sample of 9,000 households selected in 32 States and the District of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May
1981. Beginning in January 1982, the sample was expanded
by 100 households to provide additional coverage in counties added to SMSA's, which were redefined in 1973.
Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was selected based on 1980 census information rather than 1970 census
information. The selection of new sample areas provided an
opportunity to improve the efficiency of the sample design.
Sample areas chosen to replace incoming sample areas account
for only 10 percent of the national estimate. The new CPS sample has resulted in increased reliability for State estimates with
a slightly reduced sample size. Sample households are chosen
from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973 geographic areas
in the United States. This current number of sample areas is
not completely comparable to the old number of sample areas
since many of the sample areas have been redefined. (See pp.
7-10 of the May 1984 issue of Employment and Earnings, for
an overview of these new definitions and the introduction of
the new sample.) A sample reduction of about 4,000 households was implemented in April 1988; they were reinstated
during the 8-month period, April-November 1989.
Table A provides a description of some aspects of the CPS
sample design in use during the different data collection
periods. A more detailed account of the history of the CPS
sample design appears in the Current Population Survey:
Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau
of the Census, or Concepts and Methods used in Labor Force
Statistics Derived From the Current Population Survey,
Report 463, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously
and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data
from each sample person by the inverse of the probability
of the person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure of the number of actual persons that the sample person
represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons
within the same State have the same probability of selection.
These estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the
ratio estimation procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for
occupied sample households for which no information was
obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or
unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This
noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations
of similar sample areas that are not necessarily contained
within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based on
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size. Within

Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date
Time period

Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956
May 1956 to Dec. 1959
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966
Jan. 1967 to July 1971
Aug. 1971 to Ju!y 1972
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979
Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981
May 1981 to Dec. 1984
Jan. 1985 to Mar. 1988
Apr. 1988 to Mar. 1989
Nov. 1989 to present3

Number of sample
areas

68
230
330
2
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
729
729
1

Households eligible
Interviewed
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000
53,200
57,400

Not interviewed
500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
2,600
2,600

Households visited but
not eligible

3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000
11,500
11,800_

1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in
each State and the District of Columbia.
2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and Hawaii
after statehood.

3
The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month period, AprilNovember 1989.

each combination of sample areas there is a further breakdown by residence. MSA sample areas are categorized by
"central city" and "balance of the MSA". Residence
categories of non-MSA areas are "urban" and "rural". The
proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from
4 to 5 percent, depending on weather, vacation, etc.

further reduce variability of the estimates and to correct to some
extent for CPS undercoverage relative to the decennial census, is carried out in three steps. In the first step, the sample
estimates are adjusted within each State and the District of
Columbia to an independent control for the population 16
years and over. The second step involves an adjustment by
Hispanic origin to a national estimate for eight age-sex
categories by Hispanic and non-Hispanic. In the third step,
a national adjustment is made by the race categories of white,
black, and other races to independent estimates by age and
sex. The white and black categories contain 32 age-sex
groups each; the other races category has 6 age-sex cells.
The entire second-stage adjustment procedure is iterated six
times, each time beginning at the weights developed the
previous time. This ensures that the sample estimates of the
population for both State and national age-sex-race-origin
categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure
incorporates changes instituted in January 1985. The nature
and effect of these changes are discussed in detail in
"Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the February
1985 issue of Employment and Earnings.
The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of
the trend in the growth of this segment of the population using the two most recent July 1 estimates, adjusted as a last
step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of this group.
State estimates by age for July 1 are published annually in
Current Population Reports, Series P-25. For a description
of the methodology used in developing the State total, see
Report 957 of that series. A description of the age estimates
methodology is available in Report 1010 of that series.
Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control for
Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census count for Hispanics by adding estimated Hispanic births
and immigrants and subtracting estimated Hispanic deaths

2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected
for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that
of the population as a whole in such characteristics as age,
race, sex, and residence. Since these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample, the survey
estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of
ratio estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of the
729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas not in
the sample; the remainder of the sample areas represent only
themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was
designed to reduce the portion of the variance resulting from
requiring sample areas to represent nonsample areas. Therefore, this procedure is not applied to sample areas which
represent only themselves. The adjustment is made at the
State level for each of the 43 States which contain nonsample areas by race cells of black and non-black. The procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell at the
time of the 1980 census between the race distribution of the
population in sample areas and the known race distribution
of the State.
b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample
proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted to
the distribution of independent current estimates of the
civilian noninstitutional population in the same categories.
The second-stage ratio adjustment, which is performed to



125

and emigrants to yield an estimate of the Hispanic population
by age and sex.
During the period from January 1982 to December 1984,
the "inflation-deflation" method was temporarily discontinued
in the preparation of the independent national controls used for
the age-sex-race groups in the third step of the second-stage
ratio estimation procedure. These controls were prepared by
carrying forward the 1980 census data after taking account of
subsequent aging of the population, births, deaths, and net
migration and then subtracting the estimate for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in January 1985,
the "inflation-deflation" method of deriving independent population controls was reintroduced into the CPS estimation procedure. With the "inflation-deflation" method, the independent
controls are prepared by inflating the 1980 census counts to
include estimated undercounts by age, sex and race, aging this
population forward to each subsequent month and later age by
adding births and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These
post-censal population estimates are then deflated to census level
to reflect the pattern of net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex, and race. Because an estimate of undercount
is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex
group is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method. Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age structure
of the undercount, but not the level. This feature of the method
is important since the exact amount of undercount in the 1980
census remains unknown.
Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and the
estimate date are based on tabulations of vital statistics for the
resident population made by the National Center for Health
Statistics and data on deaths of military personnel overseas from
the Department of Defense. Estimates of net civilian immigration are based on data provided by the Immigration and
Naturalization Service, the Department of Defense, the Office
of Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning Board.
The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the
estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas.
The institutional population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived from the 1980 census to the total
population, including Armed Forces overseas for the estimate
date. All computations described above are performed in cells
defined by single year of age, race, and sex. The independent
national control totals are then obtained by collapsing these cells
into broader age groups for the population 16 years and older.
Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced
into the estimation of the independent population controls. For
the first time, an explicit allowance for net undocumented immigration since April 1, 1980 (the census date) was added to
the estimated level of legal immigration. In addition, an increase in the estimate of emigration of legal foreign-born residents has been incorporated into the postcensal population
estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of these changes
are discussed in detail in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January
1986'' in the February 1986 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Digitized
126for FRASER


3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics for a
given month, a composite estimating procedure is used which
takes account of net changes from the previous month for continuing parts of the sample (75 percent), as well as the sample
results for the current month. Also included is an additional
term which is an estimate of the net difference between incoming and continuing parts of the current month's sample. Almost
all estimates of month-to-month change are improved by this
procedure, and most estimates of level are also improved, but
to a lesser extent.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of independent rounding
of totals and components to the nearest thousand. Similarly,
sums of percent distributions may not always equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based
on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The standard errors provided primarily indicate the magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in response and enumeration but do not
measure any systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to quantify
some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS , as discussed
below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative change, such as month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels would be more severely affected by
the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many
sources, e.g., inability to obtain information about all cases
in the sample, definitional difficulties, differences in the interpretation of questions, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall
information, errors made in collection such as in recording or
coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made
in estimating values for missing data, and failure to represent
all sample households and all persons within sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of the
survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program.
This program is used to estimate various sources of error as
well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers.
A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected
through reinterview at regular intervals. The results indicate,
among other things, that the data published from the CPS are
subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS
reinterview program and some of the other results may be found
in the Current Population Survey Reinterview Program,

January 1961 Through December 1966, Technical Paper No.
19, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan
used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies
by rotation group. A description of these effects appears in
"The Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From
Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March
1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage
is about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS undercoverage
varies with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally,
undercoverage is larger for men than for women, and larger for blacks, Hispanics, and other races combined than for
whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-raceHispanic origin population controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage. However, biases exist in the estimates to the extent that
missed persons in missed households or missed persons in
interviewed households have different characteristics than
interviewed persons in the same age-sex-race-Hispanic origin group. Further, the independent population controls used
have not been adjusted for undercoverage in the 1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS
appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by
the Current Population Survey," by Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and
Standards; in "The Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of
Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and
in The Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce. This last document includes a
comprehensive discussion of various sources of error and
describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a measure
of sampling variability, that is, of the variation that occurs
by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and its estimated standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, ranges
that would include the average of all possible samples with
a known probability. For example, if all possible samples
were selected, each of these surveyed under essentially the
same general conditions and using the same sample design,
and an estimate and its estimated error were calculated from
each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error above
the estimate would include the average result of all possible
samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6



standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors
above the estimate would include the average of all possible
samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2
standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors above
the estimate would include the average result of all possible
samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a large number of estimates and could be prepared
at a moderate cost, a number of approximations are required.
First, the standard errors in this volume reflect the sample
design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State estimates. Thus, these standard errors may
slightly overstate the standard errors applicable to the present
design. Second, instead of computing an individual standard
error for each estimate, generalized sets of standard errors
are computed for various types of characteristics. This generalization yields more stable estimates of the standard errors.
Consequently, the sets of standard errors provided give an
indication of the order of magnitude of the standard error
of an estimate rather than the precise standard error.
Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for
major employment status characteristics for monthly estimates and for changes for consecutive months. These standard errors are applicable to the level of the estimates in recent months.
Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors
for monthly level and month-to-month change for estimated
totals, unemployment rates, and percentages. Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly level and
month-to-month change for percentages. Standard errors for
intermediate values not shown in the table may be approximated by linear interpolation. The standard error for estimated changes from one month to the next is more closely
related to the monthly level for the characteristic than to the
size of the specific month-to-month change itself. Thus, in
order to use the generalized standard errors for month-tomonth change as given in the tables of standard errors, it
is necessary to obtain the monthly estimate for the characteristic. It should be noted that the tables of standard errors
for month-to-month change apply only to estimates of change
between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of change for nonconsecutive months are subject to higher standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with tables D, F, H, and I to
compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor force
participation rates, and percentages as pertaining to the yearto-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages,
changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes
in yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes in
quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive
quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the standard errors must be adjusted due to the differences in the sample
size. For years prior to 1956, the standard errors should be
multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66 period they should
be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard
127

Table B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(in thousands)
Standard error of—

Employment status, sex,
age, and race

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force . .
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Monthly
level

:.

Month-tomonth
change
(consecutive
months only)

275
293
136

212
224
140

173
186
93

151
163
95

211
212
83

155
160
87

88
92
59

94
102
66

94
104
68

73
79
71

59
64
44

51
57
47

76
76
45

50
54
48

36
33
30

40
38
33

errors for quarterly estimates of persons and families for use
with the CPS earnings data.
Standard errors for estimated totals. Tables D and E provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals and for
month-to-month change. The figures given in these tables
are to be used for the characteristics as indicated.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number of
persons working a specific number of hours was 12,000,000,
an increase of 400,000 over the previous month. Linear interpolation in the second column of table D shows that the
standard error on an estimate of 12,000,000 is about 174,000.
The 68-percent confidence interval as shown by these data
is from 11,826,000 to 12,174,000. Therefore, a conclusion
that the average estimate derived from all possible samples
lies within a range computed in this way would be correct
for roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that
the standard error of a month-to-month change is primarily
dependent on the size of the monthly estimate. Thus, using
linear interpolation in the first column of table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change of 400,000, when the
monthly level is approximately 12,000,000, is about 129,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability
of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated percentage, computed using sample data for both numerator and
denominator, depends upon both the size of the rate or percentage and the total upon which the rate or percentage is
based. Estimated rates and percentages are relatively more

Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics
Standard error of—
Characteristic

Characteristic
Monthly level

Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White workers
Black workers
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over

0.11
.15
.16
.67
.11
.51
.15
.19
.12
.34
.06

Consecutivemonth change
0.12
.15
.17
.81
.12
.54
.17
.21
.12
.42
.07

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and managerial . . .
Professional specialty
Technicians and related support
Sales
Administrative support, including clerical . . . .
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective

128for FRASER
Digitized


Standard error of—

.22
.19
.47
.29
.23
1.18
.76

.24
.21
.52
.33
.26
1.33
.85

.39

.43

Monthly level

Occupation—Continued
Precision production, craft, and repair
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

Consecutivemonth change

0.32

0.36

.49
.59

.55
.66

.72
.68

.82
.76

.12
1.63
.65
.26
.33
.42

.13
1.86
.75
.29
.37
.47

.42
.27
.20
.23
1.16

.48
.30
.22
.25
1.32

Industry
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator
of the rates or percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of 50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are not published when the monthly base is less than
75,000, the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or
the annual average base is less than 35,000.
Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for
monthly level and month-to-month change for unemployment
rates. Generalized standard errors for estimated monthly percentages and estimated month-to-month change in percentage can be obtained through the use of the standard errors
in table H and the factors in table I. First, obtain the standard error from table H for the specific percentage and base.
The generalized standard error is then calculated by multiplying the standard error from table H by the appropriate
factor from table I. When the numerator and denominator
of the percentage are in different categories, use the factor
indicated by the numerator of the percentage.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month 2.9 percent of a
total of 112,440,000 employed persons are employed in agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 2.9 percent with
a base of 112,440,000 is obtained from table H (0.08 percent).
The appropriate factor from table I for the numerator of the
percentage, agricultural employment, is 1.26. The generalized
standard error on the estimated 2.9 percent is then approximately 0.08 x 1.26 = 0.10 percentage point.

Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly estimates,
quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly
averages, and changes in yearly averages. The approximate
standard errors of levels, rates, and percentages involving
year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and
changes in yearly averages may be obtained by using table
J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for
estimates of change are more closely related to the level of
the estimate than to the size of the specific change. Thus,
to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an average level,
rate, or percentage, or an estimate of a change in level, rate,
or percentage, it is first necessary to find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate of an average level, rate,
or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For
an estimate of change in level, rate, or percentage, find the
standard error of the average of the two estimates affecting
the change. Then, after computing the standard error by treating these estimates as monthly estimates and using the procedures above, multiply this result by a suitable factor from
table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the
average or change.
Illustration. Suppose that one is interested in the year-to-year
change of a monthly unemployment rate. Assume that for
a certain month the unemployment rate is 6.2 percent, based
on a total of 119,865,000 in the civilian labor force, and that

Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(in thousands)
Characteristic
Unemployment

Labor force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment

Estimated monthly level
Agricultural
employment

50
100
500
1 000
2 000
4,000
6 000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60 000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000

15
21
47
66
93
131
159
182
202
_
_
_
_
-

Black

Total or
white

Black

11
16
36
51
72
101
123
141
156
188
213
_
_
_

12
17
38
53
73
97
110
116
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

12
17
37
52
74
104
126
145
161
193
219
259
286
306
319
326
327
314
274
195

12
17
37
51
70
92
104
109
108
74
_
_
_
_

12
17
36
50
68
86
92
88
72
_
_
_
_
_

12
16
32
35

_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

_
_
-

1
When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group
which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard
error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error




Total or
white, 16 to Black, 16 to
19 years
19 years

Total or
white

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

Tntfll
or
1 LHCM KJ\
Black men
white men
only, or
only, or
women only
women only
11
15
34
49
68
95
115
132
145
172
191
215
225
222
206
172
107
_
_
-

10
14
31
43
58
73
76
69
47
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

of the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use
the column for total employed.

129

Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(in thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural
employment

Unemployment
Estimated monthly level
Total or white

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000 . . .
120,000 . . .
140,000 . . .
1

13
18
40
56
78
108
129
144
157
177
184

Both sexes 16
to 19 years,
or part-time
labor force2

14
20
45
63
89
124
150

Black

13
19
41
57
76
95
99
89
58

Black, 16 to
Total or white
19 years

14
20
38
41

9
12
27
39
55
77
93
107
119
143
163
192
213
228
238
244
245
237
212
160

Black

9
12
27
38
52
68
78
82
81
59

Total or white, Black, 16 to
16 to 19 years 19 years

14
20
43
59
80
100
104
94
65

14
19
37
39

See footnote 1, table D.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons reentering

the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by duration of
unemployment.

a year prior to this the unemployment rate was 7.0 percent,
based on a total of 117,834,000 in the civilian labor force
for the month. First, the standard error on the average of
the two estimates, 6.6 percent with a base of 118,850,000,
is obtained from table F (0.11 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate
standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then given
by 0.11 x 1.40 = 0.15 percentage point.
The approximate standard error of levels involving yearto-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using
table K in conjunction with the following formula:

lation between the estimates X and Y resulting from the
presence of some of the same respondents in the sample for
each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of quarterly estimates, the values of P are 0.30 for persons (total,
white, and black) and 0.35 for families (total, white, and
black). The respective values for estimates of Hispanics are
0.45 and 0.55.

2

Standard
error of
year-to-year
change =

//Stand-\ 2
/ ( ard I
f I error / +
\
x/

/standA 2
I ard I
\ error j-2(?)
\
y /

/stand-X
ard 1
I error J
V x /

/standI ard
I erroi:)
\
yy/

Illustration. Assume that in a given quarter the number of
women employed as full-time wage and salary workers was
27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year later, their number had increased to 29,000,000. Using linear interpolation
in the eighth column of table K, the standard error of an estimate of 27,000,000 is 216,000; for 29,000,000 it is
221,000. Using the above formula, the standard error of the
2,000,000 year-to-year change is:

(216,000)2

X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the estimate for
another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a measure of the corre-


130


+

or about 259,000.

(221,000)2

-2(.30) (216,000)

(221,000),

Table F. Standard errors for unemployment i ates
Monthly/ unemployment rate (percent)
Monthly base of unemployment rate
(in thousands)
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
10,000
20,000
60,000
100 000
120,000
140,000

1

2

5

10

15

20

25

2.28
1.61
.72
.51
.36
.25
.21
.16
.11
.07
.05
.05
.04

3.20
2.26
1.01
.72
.51
.36
.29
.23
.16
.09
.07
.07
.06

4.98
3.52
1.58
1.11
.79
.56
.45
.35
.25
.14
.11
.10
.09

6.85
4.84
2.16
1.53
1.08
.77
.62
.48
.34
.20
.15
.14
.13

8.13
5.75
2.57
1.82
1.29
.91
.74
.58
.41
.24
.18
.17
.15

9.09
6.43
2.88
2.03
1.44
1.02
.83
.64
.45
.26
.20
.19
.17

9.82
6.94
3.11
2.20
1.55
1.10
.90
.69
.49
.28
.22
.20
.19

35

50

10.36
7.33
3.28
2.32
1.64
1.16
.95
.73
.52
.30
.23
.21
.20

10.75
7.60
3.40
2.40
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
.31
.24
.22
.21

11.12
7.87
3.52
2.49
1.76
1.24
1.02
.79
.56
.32
.25
.23
.21

30

35

50

30

Table G. Standard errors for month-to-month change in unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
Monthly base of unemployment rate
(in thousands)
50
100.. ..
500 ....
1,000 . .
2,000 . .
4,000 . .
6,000 . .
10,000 .
20,000 .
60,000 .
100,000
120,000
140,000

2.53
1.79
.80
.57
.40
.28
.23
.18
.13
.07
.06
.05
.05

3.57
2.52
1.13
.80
.56
.40
.33
.25
.18
.10
.08
.07
.07

5.60
3.96
1.77
1.25
.88
.63
.51
.39
.28
.16
.12
.11
.10

10

15

20

7.83
5.53
2.47
1.75
1.23
.87
.71
.55
.38
.21
.15
.14

9.47
6.69
2.99
2.11
1.49
1.05
.86
.66
.46
.24
.17
.15

10.79
7.63
3.41
2.41
1.70
1.20
.97
.75
.51
.27
.18

25
11.91
8.42
3.76
2.65
1.87
1.32
1.07
.82
.56
.28

12.87
9.10
4.06
2.87
2.02
1.42
1.15
.88
.60

13.71
9.69
4.33
3.05
2.15
1.51
1.22
.93
.62

15.67
11.08
4.94
3.48
2.44
1.70
1.37
1.03

Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for labor force data
Percentage of monthly level
Monthly base of percentages
(in thousands)
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6 000
10,000
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000

1 or 99

2 or 98

5 or 95

10 or 90

15 or 85

20 or 80

2.34
1.65
.74
.52
.37
.26
.21
.17
.12
.08
.07
.06
.05
.05
.04
.04

3.29
2.33
1.04
.74
.52
.37
.30
.23
.16
.12
.10
.08
.07
.07
.06
.06

5.12
3.62
1.62
1.15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.26
.18
.15
.13
.11
.10
.10
.09

7.05
4.99
2.23
1.58
1.12
.79
.64
.50
.35
.25
.20
.18
.16
.14
.13
.12

8.39
5.94
2.65
1.88
1.33
.94
.77
.59
.42
.30
.24
.21
.19
.17
.16
.15

9.40
6.65
2.97
2.10
1.49
1.05
.86
.66
.47
.33
.27
.24
.21
.19
.18
.17

25 or 75 30 or 70 35 or 65
10.18
7.20
3.22
2.28
1.61
1.14
.93
.72
.51
.36
.29
.25
.23
.21
.19
.18

10.77
7.62
3.41
2.41
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
.38
.31
.27
.24
.22
.20
.19

11.21
7.93
3.55
2.51
1.77
1.25
1.02
.79
.56
.40
.32
.28
.25
.23
.21
.20

50
11.75
8.31
3.72
2.63
1.86
1.31
1.07
.83
.59
.42
.34
.29
.26
.24
.22
.21

NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in
table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specific characteristic.




131

Table I. Factors to be used with table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month
change in percentages
Factor

Factor
Characteristic

Characteristic

Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total
Men only
Women only
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part-time labor force

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.26
1.26

1.05
1.50
.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18

1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.01

1.21

.97
.97

1.08
1.21

1.04
1.04

1.13
1.24

Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration of
unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
.. .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Black:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Table J. Factors to be used with tables D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages,
and change in yearly averages
Factor
Characteristic

Year-to-year
change of monthly
estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in
yearly
averages

1.30
1.30
1.40

0.89
.83
.74

0.80
.80
.80

0.72
.58
.46

0.70
.70
.70

1.30
1.30
1.40

.88
.82
.74

.88
.88
.88

.67
.57
.46

.70
.70
.60

1.40
1.40

.76
.69

.88
.88

.50
.39

.65
.54

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Part time
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total or white
.
. . . .
Black or teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time

Digitized
132for FRASER


Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly levels, to be used with OPS earnings data
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Women

Men

Total
Estimated quarterly level

Total or full-time workers

Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers

10 . . . .
50 ....
75 ....
100 ...
150 ...
200 ...
250 ...
300 ...
500 ...
750 ...
1,000 . .
1,500. .
2,000 . .
2,500 . .
3,000 . .
5,000 . .
7,500. .
10,000.
15,000.
20,000 .
25,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
75,000 .
100,000




5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
76
83
107
130
149
180
205
226
224
273
296
331
343

Total or
white

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
85
93
119
145
165
198
224
244
261
286
301
304
255

Part-time
workers
Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
46
53
63
72
79
85
100
107
102
102

5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
144
187
192
207
219
233

Total

White

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
117
140
157
183
199
209
212
201
160
160

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
116
138
155
179
193
199
198
174
100

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
29
37
45
50
59
65
69
71
64
64

Total, full-time, or
part-time workers
Total or
white
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
145
173
195
211
224
242
249

Black
5
11
13
15
19
21
24
26
33
41
46
56
63
69
74
85
88

133

Establishment Data
(Tables B-1 through C-8)
COLLECTION
Payroll reports provide current information on wage and
salary employment and hours and earnings in nonagricultural establishments, by industry and geographic location.
Historical statistics are published in Employment, Hours, and
Earnings, United States, 1909-84, and Employment, Hours,
and Earnings, States and Areas, 1939-82 and their supplements.

industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Nation and for States and areas are classified in accordance with
the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (S1CM),
Office of Management and Budget. The BLS tabulates and
estimates statistics which distinguish between private and
public establishments, thus maintaining continuity with previously published statistics for the private and government
sector.

Federal-State cooperation

Industry employment

Under cooperative arrangements, responding establishments report employment, hours, and earnings data to State
agencies. State agencies mail the forms to the establishments
and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the reported data to prepare State
and area series and also send the reported data to the BLS
(Washington Office) for use in preparing the national series. This avoids a duplicate reporting burden on establishments, and, together with the use of similar estimating
techniques at the national and State levels, promotes increased
comparability between estimates.

Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received
pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th
of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the number of persons who occupied positions on the last day of the calendar month.
Intermittent workers are counted if they performed any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid
volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic
workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included.
Government employment covers only civilian employees;
military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central
Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency also
are excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick
leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid
holiday, on paid.vacation, or who work during a part of the
pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike
during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not
counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on leave
without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who were
hired but have not yet reported during the period.

Shuttle schedules
Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and
Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent each
month so that the next month's data can be entered on the
space allotted for that month. This "shuttle" procedure assures maximum comparability and accuracy of reporting,
since the respondent can see the figures that have been reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of
nonagricultural establishments and, for most industries, employment, payroll, and hours of production and related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay period which includes the 12th of the month.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified
into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume.
Since January 1980, this information is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports
filed by employers. For an establishment making more than
one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the




Indexes of diffusion of employment change (table B-7).
These indexes measure the dispersion among industries of
the change in employment over the specified time span. The
overall indexes are calculated from 349 seasonally adjusted
employment series (three-digit industries) covering all
nonagricultural payroll employment in the private sector. The
manufacturing diffusion indexes are based on 141 three-digit
industries.
To derive the indexes, each component industry is assigned
a value of 0, 50, or 100 percent, depending on whether its
employment showed a decrease, no change, or an increase,
respectively, over the time span. The average value (mean) is
then calculated, and this percent is the diffusion index number.
The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent, the
value which indicates that the same number of component
industries had increased as had decreased. Index numbers above
50 show that more industries had increasing employment, and

values below 50 indicate that more had decreasing employment.
The margin between the percent that increased and the percent
that decreased is equal to the difference between the index and
its complement, i.e., 100 minus the index. For example, an
index of 65 percent means that 30 percent more industries had
increasing employment than had decreasing employment
(65-(100-65)=30). However, for dispersion analysis, the
distance of the index number from the 50-percent reference
point is the most significant observation.
Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpreted as
showing the percent of components that increased over the time
span, it should be remembered that the index reflects half of
the unchanged components as well. (This is the effect of
assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged components
when computing the index.)
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports
of payrolls and hours for production and related workers in
manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private serviceproducing industries.
Production and related workers include working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing,
assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling, maintenance,
repair, janitorial, guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant),
recordkeeping, and other services closely associated with the
above production operations.
Construction workers include the following employees in
the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified
craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers,
etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair,
maintenance, etc., whether working at the site of construction or working in shops or yards at jobs (such as precutting
and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the
construction trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not above
the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research
aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, line
installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services are
closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who
received pay for any part of the pay period which includes
the 12th of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union
dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation,
and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless



earned and paid regularly each pay period); other pay not
earned in the pay period reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips;
and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in
kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such as health and
other types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc.,
paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period which
includes the 12th of the month for production, construction,
or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is received
directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production or related workers for which overtime premiums were paid because
the hours were in excess of the number of hours of either
the straight-time workday or the workweek during the pay
period which included the 12th of the month. Weekend and
holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums were
paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates
to the average hours for which pay was received and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled
hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further
reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate
weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's
aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures for 1977.
For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product
of average weekly hours and production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry
aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum of the component
aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that
portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If
an employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular rates,
receiving as total compensation his or her holiday pay plus
straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime
hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the
same direction from month to month; for example, overtime
premiums may be paid for hours in excess of the straight-time
workday although less than a full week is worked. Diverse
trends at the industry group level also may be caused by a
marked change in hours for a component industry where little
or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current
months. In addition, such factors as work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence
on overtime hours as on average hours.
135

Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on
a ''gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such variable
factors as premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and
changes in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They
also reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers'
earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups
and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly
earnings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period
of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of
work or time. The earnings series do not measure the level
of total labor costs on the part of the employer since the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items,
payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by
employers, and earnings for those employees not covered
under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage
payments. These series are compiled only for aircraft
(SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing. The same concepts and estimation methods
apply to these series as apply to the average hourly earnings
series described above; the one difference between the series is definitional. The payroll data used to calculate this series include lump-sum payments made to production workers in lieu of general wage rate increases; such payments
are excluded from the definition of gross payrolls used to
calculate the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in sic 3721 and SIC 3761
covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data
are adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year and
cover the following 12-month period. In order to spread the
payment across this time period, a prorated portion of the
payment is added to the payroll each month. This prorated
portion is adjusted by an exit rate to reduce the lump-sum
amount to account for persons who received the payment but
left before the payment allocation period expired.
Average hourly earnings excluding overtime. Average hourly
earnings, excluding overtime premium pay, are computed
by dividing the total production worker payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours
and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are
made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time
and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are
based on monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of
the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC
Digitized
136for FRASER


group I) who received pay during the month. Average hourly
earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total
hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly
basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average
weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but also
by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time workers,
stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees are not
paid may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-time trends of average weekly earnings can be affected by structural changes in the makeup of the work force. For
example, persistent long-term increases in the proportion of
part-time workers in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced average workweeks in these industries
and have affected the average weekly earnings series.
Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are calculated from the earnings averages for the current month using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price Index for
Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W).
ESTIMATING METHODS
The principal features of the procedure used to estimate
employment for the establishment statistics are (1) the use
of the "link relative" technique, which is a form of ratio
estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of employment levels
to new benchmarks; and (3) the use of size and regional
stratification.
The "link relative" technique
From a sample composed of establishments reporting for
both the previous and current months, the ratio of currentmonth employment to that of the previous month is computed. This is called a "link relative." The estimates of employment (all employees, including production and
nonproduction workers together) for the current month are
obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month
by these link relatives. In addition, bias correction factors
are applied to selected employment estimates each month.
The size of the bias correction factors is determined from
past benchmark comparisons. Beginning with data for April
1983, these factors are modified by changes in the sample
link relatives for the most recent quarter. Other features of
the general procedures are described in table L.
Size and regional stratification
A number of industries are stratified by size of establish-

ment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the hours and
earnings for aggregation into broader industry groupings.
Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment,
hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a whole
industry or a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size stratum of a region within an industry.
Benchmark adjustments
Employment estimates are compared periodically with

benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for the
various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate adjustments are made as indicated. The industry estimates are currently projected from March 1987 levels. Normally, benchmark adjustments are made annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are employment data, by industry, compiled quarterly by State agencies from reports of establishments covered under State
unemployment insurance laws. These tabulations cover about
98 percent of employees on nonagricultural payrolls in the
United States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained
from the records of the Social Security Administration, the

Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or
region/size cell)

Employment, hours,
and earnings

Aggregate industry level (division and,
where stratified, industry)

Monthly data
All employees....

. . . . All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by
ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month, for sample establishments
which reported for both months.1

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
employees

Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells.

All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by
(1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to
all employees in sample establishments for current
month, (2) estimated ratio of women to all employees.2

Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates,
or estimates of women employees, for component cells.

Average weekly hours . . . .

. . . . Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by
number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2

Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory
worker employment, of the average weekly hours for
component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours . . . .

. . . . Production worker overtime hours divided by number
of production workers.2

Average, weighted by production worker employment, of
the average weekly overtime hours for component cells.

Average hourly earnings . . . .

. . . . Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll
divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker
hours.2

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average
hourly earnings for component cells.

Average weekly earnings . . . .

. . . . Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Annual average data
All employees, women employees, and
production or nonsupervisory workers

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Average weekly hours

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by average
weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment

Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers.

Average weekly overtime h o u r s . . . .

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (production
worker employment multiplied by average weekly
overtime hours) divided by annual sum of employment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for production
workers divided by annual sum of employment for
these workers.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by weekly
hours and hourly earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by annua
aggregate hours.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Average hourly earnings . . . .

....

Average weekly earnings

....

1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed
enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly
hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by




a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising
mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure
accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and,
at the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest
sample average.

137

Interstate Commerce Commmission, and a number of other
agencies in private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared with
new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are
necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new benchmark and
the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month
by use of the sample trends. Thus, under this procedure, the
benchmark is used to establish the level of employment; the
sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in
the level. A comparison of the actual amounts of revisions
made at the time of the March 1987 benchmark adjustment
is shown in table M.
Data for all months since the last benchmark to which the
series has been ajusted are subject to revision. Revised data are
published as soon as possible after each benchmark revision.
THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is
known as "sampling proportionate to average size of establishment." This design is an optimum allocation design
among strata since the sampling variance is proportional
to the average size of establishments. Under this type of design, large establishments fall into the sample with certainty.
The size of the sample for the various industries is determined empirically on the basis of experience and of cost
considerations. In a manufacturing industry in which a high
proportion of total employment is concentrated in relatively
few establishments, a larger percent of total employment is
included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for
such industries provides for a complete census of the large
establishments, with only a few chosen from among the
smaller establishments or none at all if the concentration of
employment is great enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is
in small establishments, the sample design calls for inclu-

sion of all large establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones. Many industries in the trade and
services divisions fall into this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by available resources,
it is necessary to design samples for these industries with
a smaller proportion of universe employment than is the case
for most manufacturing industries. Since individual establishments in these nonmanufacturing divisions generally show
less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than
do establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller
samples (in terms of employment) generally produce reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS establishment survey program,
with its emphasis on producing timely data at minimum cost,
a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of
a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide
reasonably reliable estimates that can be published promptly and regularly. The present sample meets these specifications for most industries. With its use, the BLS is able to
produce preliminary estimates each month for many industries and for many geographic levels within a few weeks after the reference period, and, at a somewhat later date,
statistics in considerably greater industrial detail.
Coverage
The BLS sample of establishment employment and payrolls
is the largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social
statistics. Table N shows the latest benchmarks and the approximate proportion of total employment in each industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly
employment data. The coverage for individual industries
within the division may vary from the proportions shown.
Table N. Employment benchmarks and approximate coverage
of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 1988

Industry

Total . .
Table M. Comparison of nonagricutural employment benchmarks
and estimates for March 1988
(In thousands)
Industry

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government




Percent
difference

Benchmark

Estimate

103,835

104,161

-0.3

711
4,686
19,171

723
4,787
19,302

-1.7
-2.2
-.7

5,437
5,926
18,551

5,473
6,016
18,612

-.7
-1.5

6,594
25,103
17,656

6,599
24,978
17,671

-.1
.5
-.1

-•3

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government:
Federal
State
Local

Sample coverage1

Benchmarks
(thousands)

Number of
establishments

103,835

262,856

38,922

37

711
4,686
19,171

3,361
24,924
49,889

276
917
9,483

39
20
49

5,437
5,926
18,551

214,091
22,810
49,015

22,482
1,062
3,704

46
18
20

6,594
25,103

19,711
58,713

2,126
5,795

32
23

2,964
4,151
10,541

()
4,883
15,459

2,964
3,406
6,707

100
82
64

Employees
Number Percent of
(thou- benchmarks
sands)

1
Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Since not all establishments
report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings estimates are based
on a smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete count of
employment for Class I railroads.
3
Total Federal employment counts for use in national estimates are provided
to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates for
the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal employment,
are based on a sample of 5,000 reports covering about 56 percent of employment
in Federal establishments.

Reliability
Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment
sample assures a high degree of accuracy, the estimates derived from it may differ from the figures that would be obtained if it were possible to take a complete census using the
same schedules and procedures. As discussed under the
previous section, a link relative technique is used to estimate
employment. This requires the use of the previous month's
estimate as the base in computing the current month's estimate. Thus, small sampling and response errors may accumulate over several months. To remove this accumulated
error, the estimates are usually adjusted annually to new
benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and
response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts the estimates
for changes in the industrial classification of individual establishments (resulting from changes in their product which
are not reflected in the levels of estimates until the data are
adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed
industry levels, particularly within manufacturing, changes
in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments. Another cause of differences arises from improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O presents
the average percent revisions of the five most recent benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed descriptions of
individual benchmark revisions are available from the Bureau
upon request.
The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating cells
are not subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader groupings may be affected slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings estimates, however,
are subject to sampling errors, which may be expressed as
Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment
estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)

Industry

Relative
Average
benchmark
revision in
estimates Average
of employ- weekly
ment1
hours

Total
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate . . .
Services
Government3
1

error2
Average
hourly
earnings

0.2
.3
2.2
1.8
.7
.7
.9
.4
1.0
.7
.3
.3
.3

0.1
1.0
.2
.1
.1
.1
.7
.2
.2
.2
.4

0.2
1.3
.5
.2
.3
.2
.6
.4
.4
.4
.6

The average percent revision in employment for the 1984-88 benchmarks.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
3
Estimates for government are based on a total count for Federal Government provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a sample of State
and local government reports.
2




relative errors of the estimate. (A relative error is a standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate.) Relative
errors for major industries are presented in table O and for
individual industries with the specified number of employees
in table P. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours
and earnings estimates from the sample would differ by a
smaller percentage than the relative error from the averages
that would have been obtained from a complete census.
One measure of the reliability of the employment estimates
for individual industries is the root-mean-square error
(RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for
the bias in estimates:
RMSE =

\ / (standard deviation)2

(bias)2

If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that an
estimate from the sample would differ from its benchmark
by less than the root-mean-square error. The chances are
about 19 out of 20 that the difference would be less than twice
the root-mean-square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based on
the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences between
final estimates and benchmarks are presented in table P.
For the two most recent months, estimates of employment,
hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so footnoted in
the tables. These figures are based on less than the total sample and are revised when all the reports in the sample have
been received. Table Q presents root-mean-square errors of
the amounts of revisions that may be expected between the
preliminary and final levels of employment and preliminary
and final month-to-month changes. Revisions of preliminary
hours and earnings estimates are normally not greater than
0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1 cent for hourly
earnings.

STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
State and area employment, hours, and earnings data are
collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation
with BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan areas.
Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings

Size of employment estimate

50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000
1
2

Relative error2
(in percent)

Rootmeansquare
error of
employment
estimates1

Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

2,100
3,900
5,600
14,000
15,000
26,000

2.2
1.3
1.1
.9
.8
.5

4.0
2.3
2.0
1.6
1.2
.9

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

Definitions for all areas are published each year in the issue
of Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may
be obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back
cover of each issue. These statistics are based on the same

establishment reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates. For employment, the sum of the State figures may
differ slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a
national basis, because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification.

Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Root-mean-square error
ofIndustry

Monthly
level
88,900

89,500

Total private

61,300

58,900

Goods-producing industries

21,200

19,800

Mining
Oil and gas extraction

4,400
3,800

4,200
3,300

Construction
General building contractors

14,400
4,900

15,100
5,100

Manufacturing

18,200

18,300

13,700
2,200
1,700
1,600
4,300

12,300
2,000
1,600
1,500
4,300

3,300
2,400
5,700
4,900
7,700
6,500
2,100
1,800

3,100
2,200
6,800
4,900
7,000
6,600
2,200
1,800

8,500
5,600
1,500
1,800

8,400
5,600
1,400
1,700

4,500
1,600
2,100

4,000
1,400
2,000

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile
products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing

Industry

Month-to-month
change

Total

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products . . .
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products .
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic
steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical . . .
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment.
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing....

Root-mean-square error
of-

Nondurable goods—Continued
Chemicals and allied products . .
Petroleum and coal products . . .
Rubber and misc. plastics
products
Leather and leather products . . .

Month-to-month
change

2,600
1,200

2,800
1,200

1,600
1,700

1,600
1,600

85,400

85,700

14,600
16,600

13,000
16,000

6,500

6,100

8,700
5,800
5,000

7,700
5,300
4,400

38,600
22,800
6,800

34,400
20,400
6,000

4,200
10,100

5,100
9,500

8,700
4,100
3,700
5,000

7,600
3,900
3,100
4,000

Services
Business services
Health services

36,600
11,70010,200

34,900
10,700
10,000

Government
Federal
State
Local

59,700
15,900
22,000
34,600

53,500
11,300
20,000
34,500

Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities . .
Transportation
Communication and public
utilities

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and
service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

NOTE: Data are based on differences from December 1983 through December 1988.




Monthly
level

Productivity Data
(Tables C-9 through C-11)
COLLECTION
Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics from establishment and household survey labor input data and from measures of compensation and output supplied by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the Federal
Reserve Board.
CONCEPTS
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural
establishments (table C-9) refer to hours paid for all
employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers,
and salaried workers. For productivity and cost measures
(tables C-10, 11), hours of all persons include hours of
employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. Labor
input is measured by hours at the work site.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final goods
and services produced in a given period. Indexes of output
per hour of all persons (productivity) measure changes in
the volume of goods and services produced per hour at work.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries of
employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance
and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate
of wages, salaries, and supplementary payments for the selfemployed, except for nonfinancial corporations, in which
there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per hour adjusted by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).

Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost required to produce one unit of output and are derived by
dividing compensation per hour by output per hour.
Unit nonlaborpayments include profits, capital consump-

tion allowances, interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes per unit of output. They are computed by subtracting compensation of all persons from the current-dollar
gross product originating in the sector and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor payments except unit profits.
Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the
current-dollar estimate of gross product by the constantdollar estimate, making the deflator, in effect, a price index
for gross product of the sector reported.
NOTES ON THE DATA
For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector,
these indexes relate to the gross domestic product less general
government, households and institutions, owner-occupied
housing, and the statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic
product of nonfinancial corporate business. All measures are
seasonally adjusted.
Manufacturing output data are supplied by the Bureau of
Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, and the
Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to annual estimates
of output (gross product originating) from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis.
Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear
in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81, BLS Bulletin
2178. Additional information may be obtained from the
Office of Productivity and Technology (202-523-9261).

State and Area Labor Force Data
(D table)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor
market areas (LMA'S), and other areas covered under Federal
assistance programs are developed by State employment
security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative program.
The local unemployment estimates which are derived from
standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis for
determining eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal
programs such as the Job Training and Partnership Act, the
economic Dislocation and Worker Adjustment Assistance
\ct, and the Urban Development Action Grant program.
Annual average data for the States and areas shown in table



D are published in Employment and Earnings (usually the
May issue). For regions, States, selected metropolitan areas,
and central cities, annual average data classified by selected
demographic, social, and economic characteristics are
published in the BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other small
areas have been prepared for administration of various Federal
economic assistance programs and may be ordered from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The report "Unemployment in
States and Local Areas" is published monthly through GPO and
is available in micrfofiche form only, on a subscription basis.

ESTIMATING METHODS
Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment
estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, and over 2,600 labor market areas. The
estimation methods are described below for States (and the
District of Columbia) and for sub-State areas. A more
detailed description of the estimation procedure is contained
in the BLS document, "Manual for Developing Local Area
Unemployment Statistics.''
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force and
unemployment estimates for the 11 largest States—California,
Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New
York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas—are
sufficiently reliable to be taken directly from the Current
Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly basis. These are
termed "direct-use States." For a description of the CPS
concepts, see "Household Data," above.
For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia,
which do not use the CPS directly each month, regression
models (sets of equations) are used to develop employment
and unemployment estimates. These, then, are the "nondirect-use" States. The regression techniques are based on
historical and current relationships found within each State's
economy as reflected in the different sources of data that are
available for each State—the CPS, the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) survey, and the unemployment insurance (Ui)
system. When the estimation procedures were introduced in
1989, over 10 years of data were used to develop the
equations for each State. While all the State models have
important variables in common, they differ somewhat from
one another so as to better reflect individual State characteristics.
Two models—one for employment and one for the
unemployment rate—are used for each State. The unemployment rate, rather than the unemployment level, is modeled,
primarily because the rate is usually more meaningful for
economic analysis.
The employment models use the CES estimates of nonfarm
wage and salary jobs and also include data for employed
persons not covered or only partially covered by the CES
survey. Typically, these are agricultural workers, the selfemployed, unpaid family workers, and private household
workers.
The unemployment rate models also include different types
of data. Data forui claimants (without earnings due to employment) are used to represent most of the experienced
unemployed. The models also include an employment-topopulation ratio which reflects both the business cycle and
the experienced unemployed not covered by the ui claims
data. New entrants and reentrants into the labor force are
also reflected in the models. For some States, the models
include variables which reflect seasonal factors not reflected
in the other data used, such as the large increase in the labor
force at the end of the school year.
In both the employment and unemployment rate models,



an important feature is the use of a technique that allows the
equations to adjust automatically to structural changes that
occur. The models are termed "variable coefficient models"
because they include a built-in tuning mechanism, known as
the Kalman Filter, which revises a model's coefficients when
the new data that become available each month indicate that
changes in the data relationships have taken place. Once the
estimates are developed from the models, the unemployment
level and labor force estimates are calculated.
Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, monthl}
estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and the Districi
of Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the
annual average CPS estimates. The benchmarking technique
employs a procedure (called the Denton method) which
adjusts the annual average of the models to equal the CPS
annual average, while preserving, as much as possible, the
original monthly seasonal pattern of the model estimates.
In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction is
required, as the average of the 12 monthly State CPS
estimates will equal the CPS annual averages.
Estimates for sub-State areas
Monthly labor force and employment estimates for twc
large sub-state areas—New York City and the Los AngelesLong Beach metropolitan area—are obtained directly from
the CPS. Estimates for all other sub-state areas, more than
2,600 labor market areas (LMA'S), are prepared through indirect estimation techniques, described below.
Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilian
employment estimates are based on CES data. These "placeof-work" estimates must be adjusted to refer to place-of
residence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting frorr
place-of-work to place-of-residence have been developed foi
several categories of employment on the basis of employmen
relationships at the time of the 1980 decennial census. Thes<
factors are applied to the CES estimates for the current perioc
to obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which are adde<
estimates for employment not represented in the CESagriculture, nonagricultural self-employed and unpaid famil;
workers, and private household workers.
Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the current month
the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the estimate
for each of three categories: (1) persons who were previousl
employed in industries covered by State Ui laws; (2) thos
previously employed in industries not covered by these law;
and (3) those who were entering the civilian labor force fc
the first time or reentering after a period of separation.
Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employmei
and unemployment are prepared for the State and LMA
within the State. The LMA estimates geographically exhau
the entire State. Thus, a proportional adjustment must I
applied to all sub-State LMA estimates to ensure that they a(
to the independently estimated State totals for employme
and unemployment.

Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State
estimates are revised. The revisions incorporate any changes
in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based employment
figures, corrections in claims counts, and updated historical

relationships. The corrected estimates are then readjusted to
add to the revised (benchmarked) State estimates of
employment and unemployment.

Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp
fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in
weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major
holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. Because
these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical and
other nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating
changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note
that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based
on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a
broader margin of possible error than the original data on
which they are based, since they are subject not only to
sampling and other errors but are also affected by the
uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself.
Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and
establishment-based data are published monthly in
Employment and Earnings.
Since January 1980, national labor force data have been
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll ARIMA
(Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was
developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the standard
X-ll method. A detailed description of the procedure appears
in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method by Estela
Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E,
January 1983.
At the beginning of each calendar year, projected seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated for use during the JanuaryJune period. In July of each year, BLS calculates and
publishes in Employment and Earnings projected seasonal
adjustment factors for use in the second half, based on the
experience through June. Revisions of historical data for the
most recent 5 years are made only at the beginning of each
calendar year. However, as a result of the revisions to the
estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980 census population
counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982
were carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For
example, for each of the three major labor force components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural
employment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age
groups (men and women under and over 20 years of age)



are separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then
added to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The
seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum of eight
seasonally adjusted civilian employment components, plus
the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for seasonally),
and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the
total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment
components; and the overall unemployment rate is derived
by dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment by
the estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of various series, components will not
necessarily add to totals.
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor force
series based on the experience through December, new seasonal
adjustment factors to be used to calculate the civilian
unemployment rate for the first 6 months of the following year,
and a description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure
are published in each January issue of Employment and
Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the revision
period for a broader range of labor force series are published
in the February issue of this publication.
Since the early 1980's, the BLS has also used the X-ll
ARIMA procedure to seasonally adjust establishment-based
employment, hours, and earnings data. The X-ll ARIMA
program has been run once each year after benchmarking
and seasonal adjustment factors have been projected and
published for 12 months ahead (April-March). Beginning
in June 1989, with the introduction of the March 1988
benchmarks, the Bureau introduced a modification to this
procedure to paralled that used in seasonally adjusting
household survey data. Projected seasonal adjustment factors
are now calculated only for the first 6 months after
benchmarking. A second set of projected seasonal adjustment
factors, for use during the subsequent period, will be
computed based upon data through September and introduced
with the publication of data for October. Revisions of
historical data for the most recent 5 years will continue to
be made once a year, coincident with benchmark revisions,
and published in a Supplement to Employment and Earnings.
The BLS is also working on an extension to X-ll ARIMA
to allow it to adjust more adequately for the effects of the
presence or absence of religious holidays in the April survey
reference period (as well as for the occasional effects of
Labor Day in the September survey reference period). If this
research proves successful, this extension will be introduced
for the computation of the seasonal adjustment factors to be
published in November 1989.

All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative
models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors are
directly applied to the component levels. Seasonally adjusted
totals for most of these series are then obtained by taking
a weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data for the
component series.
Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the
product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and
seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average weekly
earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are obtained
by dividing average weekly earnings, seasonally adjusted,
by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index for Urban
Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), and multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally
adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsupervisory
workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the 1977 base.
For total private, total goods-producing, total private serviceproducing, and major industry divisions, the indexes of
aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by




summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted,
for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the
1977 base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number
of series characterized by small seasonal components relative
to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These failed
or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series, however, are
used in the aggregation to broader level seasonally adjusted
series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government
employment are derived from unadjusted data which include
Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal
Service. The number of temporary census takers for the 1980
decennial census, however, are removed prior to the
calculation of seasonal adjustment factors.
Revised seasonally adjusted establishment-based series
based on the experience through March 1989, new seasonal
adjustment factors for April-September, and a description
of the current seasonal adjustment procedure appear in the
June 1989 issue of Employment and Earnings.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Regional Office

Cooperating State Agencies
Current Employment Statistics (CES) and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Programs
BLS
Region

REGION I-BOSTON
Suite 1603
John Fitzgerald Kennedy
Federal Building
Boston, MA 02203
Phone: (617) 565-2327
REGION II-NEW YORK
Room 808
201 Varick Street
New York, NY 10014
Phone: (212) 337-2400
REGION HI-PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, PA 19101
Phone: (215) 596-1154
REGION IV—ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street, NE.
Atlanta, GA 30367
Phone: (404) 347-4416
REGION V—CHICAGO
9th Floor
230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604
Phone: (312)353-1880
REGION VI—DALLAS
Room 221
Federal Building
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, TX 75202
Phone: (214) 767-6970
REGIONS VII and V I I I KANSAS CITY
15th Floor
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, MO 64106
Phone: (816) 426-2481
REGIONS IX and X SAN FRANCISCO
71 Stevenson Street
P.O. Box 3766
San Francisco, CA 94119
Phone: (415) 995-5605

IV

ALABAMA

X

ALASKA

Department of Industrial Relations, Room 427,
Industrial Relations Bldg., Montgomery 36130
Department of Labor, Research and Analysis
Section, 1111 West 8th St., Juneau 99802-5501
IX ARIZONA
Department of Economic Security, 1300 West
Washington St., Phoenix 85005
Vi ARKANSAS
Department of Labor, Research and Statistics
Section, Capitol Mall, Little Rock 72203-2981
IX CALIFORNIA
Employment Development Department, Employment Data and Research Division, 7000
Franklin Blvd., Bldg. 1100, Sacramento 95823
VII COLORADO
Division of Labor and Employment, 3rd Fl.,
1330 Fox St., Denver 80204
I
CONNECTICUT
Labor Department, Employment Security
Division, 200 Folly Brook Blvd,
Wethersfield 06109
III DELAWARE
Department of Labor, Office of Occupational
and Labor Market Information, P.O. Box 9029,
Newark 19714-9029
III DIST. OF COL.
Department of Employment Services, Division
of Labor Market Information and Analysis,
Room 201, 500 C St., NW., Washington,
DC 20001
IV FLORIDA
Florida Department of Labor and Employment
Security, Bureau of Labor Market Information,
Suite 203, 2574 Seagate Dr., Tallahassee
32399-0674
IV GEORGIA
Department of Labor, Labor Information
Systems, 148 International Blvd., NE.,
Atlanta 30303
IX HAWAII
Department of Labor and Industrial Relations,
Research and Statistics Office, Room 304,
830 Punchbowl St., Honolulu 96813
X IDAHO
Department of Employment, 317 Main St.,
Boise 83735
V ILLINOIS
Department of Employment Security, (2 South),
401 South State St., Chicago 60605
V INDIANA
Department of Employment and Training
Services, Statistical Services Division,
10 North Senate Avenue,
Indianapolis 46204
VII IOWA
Department of Employment Services, 1000 East
Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
VII KANSAS
Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka
Avenue, Topeka 66603
IV KENTUCKY
Department for Employment Services, Labor
Market Research and Analysis Branch,
275 East Main St., Frankfort 40621
VI LOUISIANA
Department of Labor, Research and Statistics
Section, 1001 North 23rd St., Baton Rouge
70804-9094
MAINE
I
Department of Labor, Division of Economic
Analysis and Research, 20 Union St.,
Augusta 04330
III MARYLAND
Department of Employment and Training,
Research and Analysis Division, 1100 North
Eutaw St., Baltimore 21201
I
MASSACHUSETTS Department of Employment and Training,
Government Center, Charles F. Hurley Bldg.,
Boston 02114
V MICHIGAN
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Statistics Division, Room 516, 7310
Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
V MINNESOTA
Department of Jobs and Training, Research
and Statistics Division, 5th Fl., 390 North
Robert St., St. Paul 55101
IV MISSISSIPPI
Employment Security Commission, Labor
Market Information Division, P.O. Box 1699,
Jackson 39215-1699
VII MISSOURI
Division of Employment Security, P.O. Box 59,
Jefferson City 65104




BLS
Region
Department of Labor and Industry, P.O. Box
1728, Helena 59624
Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln
68509-4600
IX NEVADA
Employment Security Department, 500 East
3rd St., Carson City 89713
I
NEW HAMPSHIRE Department of Employment Security, 32 South
Main St., Concord 03301
NEW JERSEY
II
Department of Labor, Division of Planning and
Research, P.O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625
VI NEW MEXICO
Employment Security Commission, 401 Broadway, TIWA Bldg., Albuquerque 87103
II
NEW YORK
Department of Labor, Division of Research and
Statistics, State Campus, Room 400, Bldg. 12,
Albany 12240-0020
IV NORTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Box 25903,
Raleigh 27611
VIII NORTH DAKOTA Job Service, P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58502
V OHIO
Bureau of Employment Services, Labor Market
Information Division, 1160 Dublin Rd.,
Columbus 43215
VI OKLAHOMA
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Planning Division, 2401 North Lincoln,
Oklahoma City 73105
X OREGON
Employment Division, 875 Union St., NE.,
Salem 97311
III PENNSYLVANIA
Department of Labor and Industry, Research
and Statistics Division, Room 1216, 7th
and Forster Sts., Harrisburg 17121
II
PUERTO RICO
Department of Labor and Human Resources,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, 17th Fl., 505 Munoz
Rivera Avenue, Hato Rey 00918 (CES), Bureau
of Employment Security, Research and Analysis
Section, 15th FL, 505 Munoz Rivera Avenue,
Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
RHODE ISLAND
I
Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason
St., Providence 02903
IV SOUTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Box 995,
Columbia 29202
VIII SOUTH DAKOTA
Department of Labor, Labor Market Information
Center, P.O. Box 4730, Aberdeen 57401
IV TENNESSEE
Deoartment of Employment Security, Research
and Statistics Division, 519 Cordell Hull Office
Bldg., Nashville 37219
VI TEXAS
Employment Commission, Room 208-T, 1117
Trinity St., Austin 78778
VIII UTAH
Department of Employment Security, Labor
Market Information Services, P.O. Box 11249,
Salt Lake City 84147
I
VERMONT
Department of Employment and Training, Office
of Policy and Public Information, P.O. Box 488,
Montpelier 05602
III VIRGINIA
Employment Commission, Economic Information
Services, P.O. Box 1358, Richmond 23211
II VIRGIN ISLANDS Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics,
53-A, 54-A&B Kronprindsens Gade Charlotte
Amalie, St. Thomas 00801-3359 (CES)
X WASHINGTON
Employment Security Department, Labor Market
and Economic Analysis Branch, 605 Woodview
Dr., Olympia 98503
III WEST VIRGINIA
Department of Employment Security, Division
of Labor and Economic Security, 112 California
Avenue, Charleston 25305
V WISCONSIN
Department of Industry, Labor, and Human
Relations, Labor Market Information Bureau,
201 East Washington Avenue, Madison 53707
VIII WYOMING
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Analysis Section, P.O. Box 2760,
Casper 82602
VIII

MONTANA

VII NEBRASKA