Full text of Employment and Earnings : December 1986

The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.

EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics




December 1986

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
William E. Brock, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of
Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of
Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in
cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief
description of the cooperative statistical programs of the
BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory
Notes. The State agencies are listed on the inside back

Employment and Earnings may be ordered through the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Subscription price
per year $22 domestic and $27.50 foreign. Single copy
$8.50 domestic and $10.63 foreign. Annual supplement
$14 domestic and $17.50 foreign. Prices are subject to
change by the U.S. Government Printing Office. For
ordering information call (202) 783-3238.

Calendar of Features
In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.

Household data
Annual averages
Union affiliation
Revised seasonally adjusted series

Jan.
Jan.
Jan., Feb.

Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons
not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin,
Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans, family
relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty
area data
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.
Establishment data
National annual averages:

Communications on material in this publication should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and Earnings,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C. 20212, or
phone: Gloria P. Green (202) 523-1821. Send correspondence on circulation and subscription matters (including address changes) to the Superintendent of
Documents.

Industry divisions (preliminary)
Industry detail (final)

Mar.

Women employees (final)

Mar.

National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and new
seasonal adjustment factors

Second-class postage paid at Washington, D . C , and at
additional mailing addresses.
Material in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without
permission.

Jan.

June

Revised historical national data

Supplement1

State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

May

ISSN 0013-6840




State and area labor force data
Annual averages

1

The latest supplement was published in June 1986.

May

Employment and Earnings
Vol. 33 No. 12 December 1986
Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Rosalie K. Epstein

Editors' Note
In accordance with usual practice, the January issue of this publication will incorporate
revisions in seasonally adjusted unemployment and other labor force series derived from
the household survey. Seasonally adjusted data for the most recent 5 years are subject
to revision each year.

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables

2

Employment and unemployment developments, November 1986

4

Statistical tables:
Not seasonally adjusted—
Household data
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
State and area labor force data
Seasonally adjustedHousehold data

Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
Productivity data
Explanatory notes




9
44
79
Ill
36

56
100
108
116

MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page

Employment Status
AAAAAAA-

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

A- 8.
A- 9.
A-10.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1952 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1975 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1952 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment,
years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employed and unemployed full-and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
Employment status of persons in familes by family relationship

6
7
8
9
12
13
14
16
17
18

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-l 1.
A-12.
A-13.
A-14.
A-15.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.

Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed

persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
persons by occupation and sex
persons by industry and sex
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
persons by duration of unemployment
persons by sex, age, marital status, and duration of unemployment
persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used

19
20
21
22
23
23
24
25
26
26

Characteristics of the Employed
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.

Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
Employed civilians by industry and occupation
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time
status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status

27
28
29
30
31
31
32
32
33
34
35

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.




Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed
in the United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age,
seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age,
and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted

36
37
38
39
40
40
41
41
42
42

MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Page

Employment—National

BBBB-

1.
2.
3.
4.

B- 5.
B- 6.
B- 7.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1934 to date
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased, seasonally adjusted

43
44
55
56
57
58
59

Employment—States and Areas

B- 8.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

60

Hours and Earnings—National

C- 1.
C- 2.
C- 2a.
C- 3.
C- 4.
C- 5.
C- 6.
C- 7.

Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by detailed industry
Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or
nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted

79
82
98
99
99
100
101
102

Hours and Earnings—States and Areas

C- 8.

Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and
selected areas

103

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
C- 9.
C-10.
C-ll.

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry,
seasonally adjusted
Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates

108
109
110

MONTHLY STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
D- 1.




Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas

Ill

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, November 1986

The number of jobs on nonfarm business payrolls rose in
November and unemployment was unchanged. The overall
unemployment rate was 6.9 percent, and the civilian worker
rate was 7.0 percent. Both rates were the same as in
September and October as well as in November a year
earlier.
Nonagricultural payroll employment—as measured by the
survey of business establishments—rose by 250,000 over the
month, while civilian employment—as measured by the
monthly survey of households—was little changed. During
the economic recovery period that now covers 4 full years,
the number of nonfarm payroll jobs has grown by more than
12 million, while total civilian employment has increased by
over 11 million. As is typical in recoveries, however, the
pace of job growth has slowed in the 2 most recent years.
Unemployment
The number of unemployed persons was about unchanged
in November at 8.3 million, after seasonal adjustment. The
civilian worker unemployment rate remained at 7.0 percent.
Unemployment rates for adult men (6.2 percent), adult
women (6.1 percent), teenagers (18.4 percent), whites (6.1
percent), and blacks (14.3 percent) showed little or no change
from October. The unemployment rate for Hispanics (9.5
percent) fell by 1 percentage point over the month. (See tables
A-33 and A-34.)
The mean and median duration of unemployment were
about unchanged, at 14.8 and 7.0 weeks, respectively. The
numbers of job losers, job leavers, and reentrants to the labor
force also were little different from October levels. By contrast, the total seeking jobs for the first time (new entrants)
increased by 150,000 to 1.1 million over the month. (See
tables A-40 and A-41.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic
reasons—sometimes referred to as the partially
unemployed—reversed the increase of the prior month with
a decline of 220,000 to 5.6 million in November. This
decrease occurred among persons who could not find fulltime work. (See table A-35.)
Civilian employment and the labor force
Civilian employment was little changed at 110.4 million,
seasonally adjusted. A 275,000 employment increase among
adult men was partially offset by a small decline in teenage
employment, while employment among adult women was




unchanged. The proportion of the civilian population that is
employed edged up to 60.9 percent in November, matching
the record high set in August. (See table A-33.)
The civilian labor force was little changed at 118.7 million
in November, after seasonal adjustment. Over the past year,
the labor force has grown by 2.1 million (after adjustment
is made for revisions in the underlying population estimates
that were introduced in January).
Industry payroll employment
Total nonagricultural payroll employment, at 101.1
million, rose by 250,000 in November, seasonally adjusted.
Almost all of the job growth was in the service-producing
sector, continuing the recent pattern. In fact, the serviceproducing sector has accounted for all of the 2.4 million job
expansion from a year earlier. In the goods-producing sector, over-the-year employment declines in mining and
manufacturing were offset by gains in construction. (See table
B-4.)
The largest over-the-month increase in the serviceproducing sector took place in the services
industry—120,000—with both business and health services
contributing to the increase. Elsewhere in the sector, employment rose in finance, insurance, and real estate and in
transportation and public utilities, the latter partly due to the
return of communications workers who had been on strike.
Job totals in wholesale trade, retail trade, and government
were little changed, after adjustment for seasonality. In retail
trade, general merchandising, which usually expands in
November due to pre-Christmas hiring, grew at a somewhat
slower pace this November than is typical.
Employment in manufacturing edged up in November.
Changes were small but generally on the upside. As reflected
by the BLS index of diffusion, which is made up
predominantly of manufacturing industries, over-the-month
job gains were more widespread than at any time in the past
year. (See table B-7.)
Construction employment dropped about in line with the
usual seasonal expectation for November and, for the third
straight month, was essentially unchanged after seasonal adjustment. Mining employment has changed little in the past
2 months, in contrast to the sharp losses earlier in the year.
Weekly hours
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory

workers on private nonagricultural payrolls were 34.9 in
November, up 0.2 hour after seasonal adjustment. The
manufacturing workweek also rose 0.2 hour to a relatively
high 40.9 hours, while overtime hours remained unchanged
at 3.5 hours. (See table C-5.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls rose
by 0.7 percent to 119.5 (1977 = 100), after seasonal adjustment. The factory index was up by 0.9 percent to 93.5. (See
table C-6.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings were up 0.5 percent in
November, and average weekly earnings increased 1.0 percent, seasonally adjusted. Prior to seasonal adjustment,

average hourly earnings rose 4 cents to $8.85, while average
weekly earnings were up $1.39 to $307.98. Compared to
a year earlier, average hourly and weekly earnings rose by
19 cents and $6.61, respectively. (See tables C-l and C-7.)
The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 170.7 (1977 = 100)
in November, seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.4 percent from October. For the 12 months ended in November,
the increase was 2.3 percent. The HEI excludes the effects
of two types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate
movements—fluctuations in manufacturing overtime and interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI increased 1.1 percent during the
12-month period ended in October. (See table C-7.)

Corrected establishment survey data for July and August 1986

Industry

Total private
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Electrical goods




Production-worker employment
(In thousands)
July
1986

August
1986

68,085
4,729
2,789
380.3

68,387
4,736
2,788
376.8

Average hourly earnings
July
1986

August
1986

Average weekly earnings
July
1986

$9.32
$9.69

9.75

Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month

Release date

Reference month

Release date

December

January 9

March

April 3

January

February 6

April

May 8

February

March 6

May

June 5

August
1986

$358.82
$374.03

377.33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1952 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Year
and
month

Noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Civilian
Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages

1952 ..
19531 .
1954 ..
1955 ..
1956 ..
1957 ..
1958 ..
1959 ..

107,617
109,287
110,463
111,747
112,919
114,213
115,574
117,117

64,524
65,246
65,785
67,087
68,517
68,877
69,486
70,157

60.0
59.7
59.6
60.0
60.7
60.3
60.1
59.9

62,636
63,410
62,251
64,234
65,764
66,019
64,883
66,418

2,386
2,231
2,142
2,064
1,965
1,948
1,847
1,788

60,250
61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

6,500
6,260
6,205
6,450
6,283
5,947
5,586
5,565

53,749
54,919
53,904
55,722
57,514
58,123
57,450
59,065

1,883
1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

2.9
2.8
5.4
4.3
4.0
4.2
6.6
5.3

43,093
44,041
44,678
44,660
44,402
45,336
46,088
46,960

I9601 .
1961 ..
19621 .
1963 ..
1964 ..
1965 ..
1966 ..
1967 ..
1968 ..
1969 ..

119,106
120,671
122,214
124,422
126,503
128,459
130,180
132,092
134,281
136,573

71,489
72,359
72,675
73,839
75,109
76,401
77,892
79,565
80,990
82,972

60.0
60.0
59.5
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.8
60.2
60.3
60.8

67,639
67,646
68,763
69,768
71,323
73,034
75,017
76,590
78,173
80,140

1,861
1,900
2,061
2,006
2,018
1,946
2,122
2,218
2,253
2,238

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.4
6.5
5.4
5.5
5.0
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.4

47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602

1970 ..
1971 ..
19721 .
19731 .
1974 ..
1975 ..
1976 ..
1977 ..
19781 .
1979 ..

139,203
142,189
145,939
148,870
151,841
154.831
157,818
160,689
163,541
166,460

84,889
86,355
88,847
91,203
93,670
95,453
97,826
100,665
103,882
106,559

61.0
60.7
60.9
61.3
61.7
61.6
62.0
62.6
63.5
64.0

80,796
81,340
83,966
86,838
88,515
87,524
90,420
93,673
97,679
100,421

2,118
1,973
1,813
1,774
1,721
1,678
1,668
1,656
1,631
1,597

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.8
5.8
5.5
4.8
5.5
8.3
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8

54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900

1980 ..
1981 ..
1982 ..
1983 ..
1984 ..
1985 ..

169,349
171,775
173,939
175,891
178,080
179,912

108,544
110,315
111,872
113,226
115,241
117,167

64.1
64.2
64.3
64.4
64.7
65.1

100,907
102,042
101,194
102,510
106,702
108,856

1,604
1,645
1,668
1,676
1,697
1,706

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312

7.0
7.5
9.5
9.5
7.4
7.1

60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1985:
November .
December .

180,642
180,810

117,832
117,927

65.2
65.2

109,671
109,904

1,702
1,698

107,969
108,206

3,070
3,151

104,899
105,055

8,161
8,023

6.9
6.8

62,810
62,883

1986:
January1
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September .
October
November ..

181,361
181,512
181,678
181,843
181,998
182,183
182,354
182,525
182,713
182,935
183,114

118,477
118,779
118,900
118,929
119,351
119,796
119,744
119,879
119,936
120,231
120,405

65.3
65.4
65.4
65.4
65.6
65.8
65.7
65.7
65.6
65.7
65.8

110,646
110,252
110,481
110,587
110,797
111,353
111,554
111,852
111,607
111,989
112,122

1,691
1,691
1,693
1,695
1,687
1,680
1,672
1,697
1,716
1,749
1,751

108,955
108,561
108,788
108,892
109,110
109,673
109,882
110,155
109,891
110,240
110,371

3,299
3,096
3,285
3,222
3,160
3,165
3,112
3,048
3,121
3,149
3,225

105,655
105,465
105,503
105,670
105,950
106,508
106,769
107,107
106,770
107,091
107,146

7,831
8,527
8,419
8,342
8,554
8,443
8,190
8,027
8,329
8,242
8,283

6.6
7.2
7.1
7.0
7.2
7.0
6.8
6.7
6.9
6.9
6.9

62,885
62,733
62,778
62,914
62,647
62,387
62,610
62,646
62,777
62,704
62,709

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation.




NOTE: Revisions of seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data
(shown in tables A-1 through A-3 and A-32 through A-53 of this
publication) for the most recent 5-year period are made at the end of
each calendar year.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1975 to date
(Numbers in thousands)

Sex, year,
and month

Noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Civilian
Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
MEN
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979

73,891
75,341
76,756
78,107
79,509

57,899
58,756
59,959
61,151
62,215

78.4
78.0
78.1
78.3
78.2

53,457
54,720
56,291
58,010
59,096

1,600
1,582
1,563
1,531
1,489

51,857
53,138
54,728
56,479
57,607

2,824
2,744
2,671
2,718
2,686

49,032
50,394
52,057
53,761
54,921

4,442
4,036
3,667
3,142
3,120

7.7
6.9
6.1
5.1
5.0

15,993
16,585
16,797
16,956
17,293

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985

80,877
82,023
83,052
84,064
85,156
86,025

62,932
63,486
63,979
64,580
65,386
65,967

77.8
77.4
77.0
76.8
76.8
76.7

58,665
58,909
57,800
58,320
60,642
61,447

1,479
1,512
1,529
1,533
1,551
1,556

57,186
57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891

2,709
2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535

54,477
54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356

4,267
4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521

6.8
7.2
9.7
9.7
7.3
6.9

17,945
18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1985:
November
December

86,374
86,459

66,176
66,139

76.6
76.5

61,731
61,793

1,552
1,549

60,179
60,244

2,435
2,506

57,744
57,738

4,445
4,346

6.7
6.6

20,198
20,320

1986:
January1
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November

86,882
86,954
87,035
87,120
87,195
87,288
87,373
87,460
87,556
87,682
87,773

66,679
66,838
66,864
66,757
66,943
66,964
66,936
66,944
67,094
67,132
67,394

76.7
76.9
76.8
76.6
76.8
76.7
76.6
76.5
76.6
76.6
76.8

62,458
62,243
62,288
62,254
62,190
62,322
62,365
62,515
62,483
62,553
62,801

1,539
1,539
1,540
1,541
1,533
1,525
1,518
1,541
1,560
1,590
1,592

60,919
60,704
60,748
60,713
60,657
60,797
60,847
60,974
60,923
60,963
61,209

2,546
2,451
2,643
2,606
2,515
2,559
2,476
2,382
2,479
2,507
2,502

58,373
58,253
58,104
58,107
58,142
58,238
58,371
58,592
58,444
58,456
58,707

4,221
4,595
4,577
4,503
4,754
4,642
4,571
4,429
4,611
4,578
4,592

6.3
6.9
6.8
6.7
7.1
6.9
6.8
6.6
6.9
6.8
6.8

20,203
20,116
20,171
20,363
20,252
20,324
20,437
20,516
20,462
20,550
20,379

Annual averages
WOMEN
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979

80,938
82,476
83,932
85,434
86,951

37,553
39,069
40,705
42,731
44,343

46.4
47.4
48.5
50.0
51.0

34,067
35,701
37,381
39,669
41,325

92
100
108

33,989
35,615
37,289
39,569
41,217

584
588
612
669
661

33,404
35,027
36,677
38,900
40,556

3,486
3,369
3,324
3,061
3,018

9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

43,386
43,406
43,227
42,703
42,608

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985

88,472
89,751
90,887
91,827
92,924
93,886

45,611
46,829
47,894
48,646
49,855
51,200

51.6
52.2
52.7
53.0
53.7
54.5

42,241
43,133
43,395
44,190
46,061
47,409

124
133
139
143
146
150

42,117
43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259

656
667
665
680
653
644

41,461
42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615

3,370
3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4

42,861
42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1985:
November.
December.

94,266
94,351

51,655
51,788

54.8
54.9

47,939
48,111

149
149

47,790
47,962

635
645

47,155
47,317

3,716
3,677

7.2
7.1

42,611
42,563

1986:
January1 ....
February....
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November.

94,479
94,558
94,643
94,723
94,803
94,895
94,981
95,065
95,156
95,253
95,341

51,797
51,941
52,036
52,172
52,408
52,832
52,808
52,935
52,842
53,099
53,011

54.8
54.9
55.0
55.1
55.3
55.7
55.6
55.7
55.5
55.7
55.6

48,187
48,009
48,194
48,333
48,608
49,031

152
152
153
154
154
155
154
156
156
159
159

48,035
47,857
48,041
48,179
48,454
48,876
49,035
49,181
48,969
49,277
49,162

753
645
642
616
646
606
637
666
642
642
723

47,282
47,212
47,399
47,563
47,808
48,270
48,398
48,515
48,326
48,635
48,439

3,610
3,932
3,842
3,839
3,800
3,801
3,619
3,598
3,717
3,663
3,690

7.0
7.6
7.4
7.4
7.3
7.2
6.9
6.8
7.0
6.9
7.0

42,682
42,617
42,607
42,551
42,395
42,063
42,173
42,130
42,314
42,154
42,330

49,337
49,125
49,436
49,321

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.




The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-3.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1952 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Year
and
month

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Total

Percent of
population

Employed

Unemployment rates
Unemployed

Total

Men

Women

Annual averages

1952....
19531 ..
1954....
1955....
1956....
1957....
1958 ....
1959....

105,231
107,056
108,321
109,683
110,954
112,265
113,727
115,329

62,138
63,015
63,643
65,023
66,552
66,929
67,639
68,369

59.0
58.9
58.8
59.3
60.0
59.6
59.5
59.3

60,250
61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

1,883
1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

3.0
2.9
5.5
4.4
4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5

2.8
2.8
5.3
4.2
3.8
4.1
6.8
5.2

3.6
3.3
6.0
4.9
4.8
4.7
6.8
5.9

I9601 ..
1961 ....
19621 ..
1963 ....
1964....
1965....
1966....
1967 ....
1968....
1969....

117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8

5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7

1970....
1971 ....
19721 ..
19731 ..
1974....
1975....
1976....
1977....
19781 ..
1979....

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1

5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

1980....
1981 ....
1982....
1983....
1984....
1985....

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2

6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1985:
November.
December.

178,940
179,112

116,130
116,229

64.9
64.9

107,969
108,206

8,161
8,023

7.0
6.9

6.9
6.7

7.2
7.1

1986:
January1
February ....
March
April
May
June
July
August
September.
October
November..

179,670
179,821
179,985
180,148
180,311
180,503
180,682
180,828
180,997
181,186
181,363

116,786
117,088
117,207
117,234
117,664
118,116
118,072
118,182
118,220
118,482
118,654

65.0
65.1
65.1
65.1
65.3
65.4
65.3
65.4
65.3
65.4
65.4

108,955
108,561
108,788
108,892
109,110
109,673
109,882
110,155
109,891
110,240
110,371

7,831
8,527
8,419
8,342
8,554
8,443
8,190
8,027
8,329
8,242
8,283

6.7
7.3
7.2
7.1
7.3
7.1
6.9
6.8
7.0
7.0
7.0

6.5
7.0
7.0
6.9
7.3
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
7.0
7.0

7.0
7.6
7.4
7.4
7.3
7.2
6.9
6.8
7.1
6.9
7.0

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the




Explanatory Notes.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race

(Numbers in thousands)

November 1986
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian

Not in labor force
Unemployed

noninsti"
tutional
population

Total

181,363
14,557
7,464
7,093
19,341
97,801
41,923
21,379
20,544
33,004
18,447
14,557
22,873
12,027
10,846
21,947
11,130
10,817
27,718
9,604
18,115

Percent
of
population

Employed

118,623
7,511
3,096
4,415
15,241
80,858
35,109
18,015
17,094
27,834
15,521
12,314
17,914
9,755
8,160
11,988
7,270
4,718
3,025
1,808
1,217

65.4
51.6
41.5
62.2
78.8
82.7
83.7
84.3
83.2
84.3
84.1
84.6
78.3
81.1
75.2
54.6
65.3
43.6
10.9
18.8
6.7

110,751
6,135
2,440
3,695
13,771
76,384
32,751
16,692
16,060
26,466
14,739
11,728
17,166
9,370
7,795
11,529
6,961
4,568
2,932
1,752
1,179

7,872
1,376
656
720
1,471
4,474
2,358
1,324
1,034
1,368
782
586
748
384
364
459
309
150
93
56
37

86,181
7,307
3,806
3,501
9,360
47,762
20,609
10,513
10,095
16,099
9,015
7,083
11,054
5,845
5,209
10,312
5,298
5,014
11,440
4,360
7,080

65,516
3,861
1,549
2,313
7,969
44,861
19,535
9,925
9,610
15,291
8,565
6,726
10,035
5,412
4,623
7,016
4,241
2,776
1,808
1,064
744

76.0
52.8
40.7
66.1
85.1
93.9
94.8
94.4
95.2
95.0
95.0
95.0
90.8
92.6
88.7
68.0
80.0
55.4
15.8
24.4
10.5

61,155
3,137
1,210
1,927
7,151
42,394
18,268
9,231
9,037
14,526
8,124
6,402
9,601
5,188
4,412
6,728
4,040
2,688
1,746
1,028
717

95,182
7,250
3,658
3,592
9,981
50,039
21,314
10,866
10,449
16,906
9,432
7,474
11,819
6,182
5,637
11,635
5,831
5,803
16,279
5,244
11,035

53,108
3,650
1,547
2,102
7,273
35,996
15,574
8,090
7,484
12,543
6,956
5,588
7,879
4,343
3,537
4,972
3,030
1,942
1,217
744
473

55.8
50.3
42.3
58.5
72.9
71.9
73.1
74.5
71.6
74.2
73.7
74.8
66.7
70.2
62.7
42.7
52.0
33.5
7.5
14.2
4.3

49,595
2,998
1,230
1,768
6,620
33,990
14,484
7,461
7,023
11,941
6,615
5,326
7,566
4,182
3,383
4,801
2,921
1,880
1,186
724
462

Percent
of
labor
force

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

Total

Keeping
house

6.6
18.3
21.2
16.3
9.6
5.5
6.7
7.3
6.0
4.9
5.0
4.8
4.2
3.9
4.5
3.8
4.3
3.2
3.1
3.1
3.0

62,740
7,046
4,368
2,678
4,100
16,942
6,814
3,364
3,450
5,170
2,927
2,243
4,958
2,271
2,687
9,959
3,859
6,099
24,694
7,796
16,898

29,129
463
107
356
1,577
12,093
4,922
2,320
2,603
3,790
2,148
1,638
3,380
1,567
1,814
5,220
2,367
2,854
9,775
3,217
6,558

9,194
6,182
4,111
2,071
1,872
1,089
753
482
271
258
173
84
79
53
26
35
17
18
14
3
12

2,660
19
7
12
61
891
194
93
101
284
138
147
412
187
226
605
304
301
1,084
243
840

21,758
380
142
238
590
2,868
944
469
475
838
464
374
1,087
465
621
4,098
1,172
2,927
13,820
4,333
9,488

4,360
724
339
386
818
2,468
1,268
695
573
765
441
324
434
224
210
288
200
88
63
36
27

6.7
18.8
21.9
16.7
10.3
5.5
6.5
7.0
6.0
5.0
5.1
4.8
4.3
4.1
4.5
4.1
4.7
3.2
3.5
3.4
3.6

20,665
3,446
2,258
1,188
1,392
2,900
1,073
588
485
808
451
357
1,019
432
587
3,296
1,058
2,238
9,632
3,296
6,336

504
19
5
13
30
157
63
34
29
59
33
26
35
8
28
11
45
33
221
57
164

4,671
3,193
2,158
1,035
1,004
453
343
228
115
80
53
27
30
24
6
15
10
6
5
1
4

1,433
6
5
2
39
572
128
64
64
171
85
86
273
127
146
390
200
190
426
131
294

14,058
228
90
138
318
1,717
539
262
277
497
279
218
681
273
408
2,814
804
2,010
8,980
3,107
5,874

3,512
652
317
335
653
2,006
1,090
629
461
603
341
262
314
160
154
171
109
62
30
20
10

6.6
17.9
20.5
15.9
9.0
5.6
7.0
7.8
6.2
4.8
4.9
4.7
4.0
3.7
4.3
3.4
3.6
3.2
2.5
2.7
2.2

42,075
3,600
2,110
1,490
2,708
14,042
5,741
2,776
2,965
4,362
2,476
1,886
3,939
1,839
2,100
6,663
2,802
3,861
15,062
4,500
10,562

28,625
445
102
342
1,547
11,936
4,860
2,286
2,574
3,731
2,119
1,612
3,345
1,559
1,786
5,143
2,322
2,821
9,554
3,160
6,394

4,523
2,989
1,953
1,036
868
636
410
254
156
177
120
57
49
29
20
20
8
12
9
2
8

1,227
13
3
11
22
319
66
29
37
113
53
61
139
60
80
215
104
111
659
112
546

7,700
153
52
100
272
1,151
405
207
198
341
185
156
405
192
213
1,285
368
917
4,840
1,226
3,614

Number

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)
November 1986
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 years and over .

155,979
11,903
6,080
5,823

16,134
83,568
35,446
18,047
17,399
28,436
15,795
12,641

96,555
5,500
2,254
3,246
11,988

1,621
1,098

65.7
55.2
46.0
64.9
80.6
83.2
84.5
85.2
83.8
84.7
84.4
85.0
78.8
81.6
75.7
54.7
65.4
44.0
10.9
18.9
6.7

57,307
3,377
1,399
1,978
6,851
39,155
16,907
8,555
8,352
13,425
7,482
5,944
8,822
4,728
4,094
6,271
3,759
2,512
1,653
961
692

76.8
56.3
45.0
68.5
86.8
94.8
95.8
95.4
96.3
95.7
95.8
95.6
91.6
93.4
89.7
68.4
80.4
56.0
16.0
24.6
10.8

53,972
2,809
1,112

45,147
3,196
1,397
1,799
6,161

55.5
54.1
47.0
61.3
74.7
71.9
73.3
75.2
71.3
73.9
73.2
74.8
66.5
70.1
62.5
42.5
51.5
33.5
7.3
14.1

42,583
2,690
1,142
1,548
5,726

102,455
6,573
2,797
3,777
13,012
69,536
29,951

15,376
14,575
24,073
13,326
10,748

19,686
10,317
9,369

15,511

19,391

10,614
6,385
4,230
2,719

9,770
9,622
24,982
8,582

16,399

8,414

7,097

66,175
28,239

14,422
13,817
23,021
12,753
10,267
14,914
8,112
6,803
10,243

6,145
4,099
2,650
1,582
1,067

5,899
1,073
543
531
1,024
3,362
1,712
954
758
1,053
573
480
597
302
295
371
240
131
69
38
31

5.8
16.3
19.4
14.1
7.9
4.8
5.7
6.2
5.2
4.4
7.0
4.5
3.8
3.6
4.3
3.5
3.8
3.1
2.6
2.3
2.8

53,524
5,330
3,283
2,047
3,122
14,031
5,494
2,671
2,824
4,363
2,469
1,893
4,175
1,903
2,271
8,777
3,385
5,392
22,263
6,962
15,302

25,599
376
93
284
1,241
10,387
4,143
1,929
2,214
3,307
1,885
1,419
2,937
1,378
1,591
4,665
2,115
2,550
8,930
2,883
6,046

6,965
4,660
3,067
1,593
1,459
809
546
345
201
195
126
70
69
46
23
24
11
13
12
3
10

2,102
14
6
8
39
668
141
72
70
214
106
109
312
125
187
486
253
234
894
184
709

18,858
280
118
162
383
2,166
664
326
339
646
353
293
856
361
495
3,602
1,007
2,596
12,427
3,891
8,535

3,336
568
288
280
589
1,908
986
539
447
577
319
258
345
175
170
223
150
73
48
22
25

5.8
16.8
20.6
14.2
8.6
4.9
5.8
6.3
5.4
4.3
4.3
4.3
3.9
3.7
4.2
3.6
4.0
2.9
2.9
2.3
3.7

17,358
2,617
1,708
909
1,039
2,144
737
416
321
603
331
272
805
334
470
2,891
915
1,976
8,667
2,942
5,725

398
15
5
10
15
122
47
24
23
45
24
21
31
6
25
60
37
24
184
43
141

3,562
2,430
1,625
805
796
324
246
170
76
49
25
25
29
23
6
7
3
4
5
1
4

1,138
6
3
2
25
431
89
47
43
131
69
62
210
89
121
326
169
157
351
97
253

12,260
166
74
92
203
1,267
354
176
179
378
214
164
535
217
318
2,497
706
1,792
8,127
2,800
5,326

2,564
505
255
250
435
1,454
726
415
311
476
254
222
252
127
125
148
90
58
22
16
6

5.7
15.8
18.2
13.9
7.1
4.8
5.6
6.1
5.0
4.5
4.3
4.6
3.8
3.5
4.2
3.4
3.4
3.4
2.0
2.5
1.4

36,166
2,713
1,575
1,138
2,083
11,887
4,758
2,255
2,503
3,759
2,138
1,621
3,370
1,569
1,801
5,886
2,471
3,416
13,597
4,020
9,577

25,201
361
87
274
1,226
10,265
4,096
1,905
2,191
3,262
1,861
1,401
2,906
1,366
1,540
4,604
2,078
2,526
8,745
2,840
5,905

3,403
2,230
1,442
788
663
485
300
175
125
146
101
45
40
23
17
16
8
9
7
2
6

964
9
2
6
14
237
52
25
27
83
37
47
102
36
66
160
84
77
543
87
456

6,598
114
44
70
180
899
310
150
160
268
139
129
322
144
177
1,105
301
804
4,301
1,091
3,209

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

74,666
5,994
3,107
2,887
7,890

41,300
17,644
8,971
8,673

14,029
7,813
6,215
9,627
5,062
4,565
9,162
4,673
4,489
10,320
3,903
6,416

6,262
37,247
15,921
8,016

7,905
12,848
7,163

5,685
8,477
4,553
3,924
6,048
3,609
2,439

1,605
939
666

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 years and over .

10




81,313
5,909
2,973
2,936
8,244
42,268
17,802
9,076
8,726
14,407
7,982
6,426
10,059
5,255
4,804

10,229
5,096
5,133
14,663
4,679
9,983

30,381
13,044
6,821
6,223
10,648
5,844
4,804
6,689
3,686
3,003
4,343
2,626
1,717
1,066
660
406

4.1

28,928
12,318
6,406
5,912
10,173
5,590
4,582
6,437
3,559
2,879
4,195
2,536
1,659
1,044
643
401

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1986
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

63.1
35.8
21.6
50.7
70.9
79.8
80.4
80.1
80.7
83.0
83.9
81.6
74.1
77.3
70.4
52.2
64.0
39.1
10.4
17.0
6.6

10,946
499
134
364
1,445
7,770
3,488
1,789
1,699
2,604
1,492
1,112
1,677
919
757
1,011
643
368
222
130
92

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

20,120
2,144
1,100
1,044
2,607
10,965
5,067
2,644
2,422
3,468
2,004
1,464
2,430
1,280
1,150
2,086
1,096
990
2,318
843
1,475

12,695
767
238
530
1,848
8,751
4,073
2,119
1,954
2,877
1,682
1,195
1,801
990
810
1,088
701
387
242
143
98

1,749
269
104
165
403
981
585
329
255
272
190
83
123
71
52
77
58
19
20
13
7

13.8
35.0
43.6
31.2
21.8
11.2
14.4
15.5
13.1
9.5
11.3
6.9
6.8
7.2
6.4
7.1
8.3
4.9
8.3
9.1
7.1

7,425
1,377
863
514
760
2,215
994
525
469
591
323
269
630
290
340
998
395
603
2,077
700
1,377

2,813
83
15
68
293
1,259
587
299
289
333
181
153
339
144
196
456
198
258
722
277
443

490
5
1
4
18
192
46
16
29
59
28
32
87
55
32
100
45
54
175
56
120

2,488
93
22
72
175
602
242
131
111
162
91
71
198
87
111
440
149
291
1,178
366
811

798
605
423
183
134
57
45
27
18
12
11
2

249

1,540
58
15
44
93
386
159
77
82
100
53
47
127
50
77
287
90
198
716
249
466

835
590
402
188
140
103
73
52
21
24
11
12

241
5

1,633
1,195
825
371
274
160
118
79
39
36
22
14
6
6
1
2
2
2
2

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

9,016
1,055
553
502
1,186
4,906
2,284
1,193
1,090
1,543
892
651
1,079
568
511
937
495
442
932
366
567

6,339
388
116
272
934
4,317
2,033
1,070
963
1,387
808
580
896
485
411
580
371
209
120
74
46

70.3
36.7
20.9
54.2
78.8
88.0
89.0
89.7
88.3
89.9
90.5
89.1
83.0
85.4
80.4
61.9
74.9
47.3
12.9
20.2
8.1

5,459
250
69
181
731
3,845
1,788
940
848
1,230
696
534
827
445
381
525
331
194
108
64
44

880
138
47
91
204
472
245
130
115
157
111
46
69
40
29
55
40
15
12
10
2

13.9
35.6
40.6
33.4
21.8
10.9
12.1
12.2
11.9
11.3
13.8
7.9
7.7
8.2
7.1
9.5
10.9
7.1
10.0

11,104
1,089
547
542
1,421
6,059
2,783
1,451
1,332
1,925
1,112
813
1,351
712
639
1,149
601
548
1,386
477
908

6,356
380
122
258
913
4,434
2,040
1,049
991
1,489
874
615
905
505
399
508
330
178
122
69
52

57.2
34.9
22.3
47.5
64.3
73.2
73.3
72.3
74.4
77.4
78.6
75.7
67.0
71.0
62.5
44.2
54.9
32.5
8.8
14.5
5.8

5,487
249
65
184
714
3,925
1,700
849
851
1,374
796
578
851
474
376
486
312
174
114
66
48

869
131
57
74
199
509
340
199
140
115
79
37
54
31
23
22
18
4
8
3
5

13.7
34.5
46.5
28.8
21.8
11.5
16.7
19.0
14.2
7.7
9.0
6.0
6.0
6.1
5.8
4.3
5.3
2.3
6.6

0

2,677
667
438
230
252
590
250
123
128
156
85
71
183
83
100
357
124
233
812
292
521

90
3

4,748
710
425
285
508
1,625
743
402
341
435
238
198
446
207
240
641
271
370
1,264
408
856

2,723
80
15
64
280
1,233
577
293
284
321
173
149
335
142
193
440
191
249
690
265
424

4
13
26
10
6
5
12
8
4
4
2
3
16
7
9
32
12
19

1
-1
12
120
36
13
22
31
13
19
53
32
20
52
25
27
65
30
35

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

0

72
10
3
7
28
15
13
34
23
12
48
20
27
110
26
85

948
35
7
28
82
216
83
54
29
62
38
24
71
37
34
153
59
93
462
117
345

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




11

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5.

Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex

(Numbers in thousands)
November 1986
Civilian labor force
Age and sex

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

25,385
2,654
1,384
1,270
3,207
14,231
6,477
3,332
3,145
4,568
2,652
1,916
3,186
1,710
1,477
2,556
1,360
1,196
2,736
1,020
1,715

16,169
938
299
639
2,229
11,321
5,158
2,639
1,331
3,761
2,195
1,567
2,403
1,342
1,062
1,374
886
488
306
187
119

63.7
35.4
21.6
50.3
69.5
79.6
79.6
79.2
42.3
82.3
82.8
81.8
75.4
78.5
71.9
53.8
65.1
40.9
11.2
18.3
6.9

14,195
635
186
449
1,782
10,209
4,512
2,270
2,243
3,446
1,985
1,460
2,252
1,259
993
1,286
816
470
283
170
113

190
4
4

11,516
1,313
699
614
1,470
6,461
2,964
1,542
1,422
2,070
1,202
868
1,427
783
645
1,150
625
525
1,120
456
664

8,208
484
149
335
1,118
5,706
2,628
1,370
1,258
1,865
1,083
783
1,213
685
528
745
482
263
155
103
53

71.3
36.9
21.4
54.6
76.0
88.3
88.6
88.8
88.5
90.1
90.1
90.2
85.0
87.5
81.9
64.8
77.1
50.1
13.9
22.5
7.9

7,184
328
98
230
889
5,147
2,346
1,215
1,132
1,677
961
716
1,123
635
488
680
432
248
140
89
51

164
4
4

13,869
1,341
685
656
1,737
7,770
3,513
1,790
1,723
2,498
1,450
1,048
1,759
927
832
1,405
735
671
1,616
564
1,051

7,960
454
150
304
1,112
5,615
2,530
1,269
1,261
1,895
1,112
784
1,190
657
534
629
404
225
151
84
66

57.4
33.9
21.9
46.3
64.0
72.3
72.0
70.9
73.2
75.9
76.7
74.8
67.7
70.8
64.1
44.7
54.9
33.6
9.3
14.9
6.3

7,012
307
88
220
894
5,062
2,166
1,055
1,111
1,768
1,024
744
1,129
624
505
606
385
221
142
81
62

Employed
Percent
of
population

Total

Agriculture

Unemployed

Not in
labor
force

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

14,005
631
182
449
1,758
10,091
4,462
2,251
2,210
3,403
1,956
1,447
2,226
1,240
985
1,262
804
458
263
163
99

1,973
303
114
189
447
1,113
646
370
276
315
209
106
151
82
69
88
69
19
23
17
8

12.2
32.3
37.9
29.7
20.1
9.8
12.5
14.0
20.7
8.4
9.5
6.8
6.3
6.1
6.5
6.4
7.8
3.8
7.6
9.1
6.7

9,216
1,716
1,085
631
978
2,911
1,319
693
626
808
457
349
783
368
416
1,182
474
707
2,430
834
1,596

7,019
324
94
230
870
5,043
2,305
1,203
1,102
1,638
934
704
1,100
618
481
659
421
238
123
82
40

1,025
157
51
105
229
560
282
156
126
188
122
66
90
49
40
65
50
15
15
13
2

12.5
32.3
34.3
31.5
20.5
9.8
10.7
11.4
10.0
10.1
11.2
8.5
7.4
7.2
7.6
8.7
10.4
5.7
9.5
12.8

3,307
829
550
279
353
756
336
172
164
205
119
85
215
98
117
405
143
262
965
354
611

6,986
307
87
220
888
5,048
2,157
1,048
1,108
1,764
1,022
743
1,127
622
504
603
383
220
140
81
59

949
147
62
84
218
553
364
214
150
127
87
40
62
33
29
23
19
4
8
4
5

11.9
32.3
41.5
27.7
19.6
9.8
14.4
16.9
11.9
6.7
7.9
5.1
5.2
5.0
5.4
3.7
4.8
1.7
5.6
4.3

5,909
887
535
352
625
2,155
983
521
462
603
338
264
569
270
299
111
331
445
1,465
480
985

Nonagricultural
industries

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over...

24
118
50
19
31
43
30
13
25
18
8
24
12
12
20
7
13

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

18
103
41
12
29
39
27
12
23
17
7
21
10
11
18
7
11

Women
1 p years and over
6 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 years and over..

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

12




6
15
9
7
2
4
3
1
2
1
1
3
1
1
2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over

Total
Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

178,940
116,097
64.9
108,282
2,920
105,362
7,815
6.7
62,843

181,363
118,623
65.4
110,751
3,078
107,673
7,872
6.6
62,740

77,566
60,564
78.1
57,077
2,177
54,901
3,487
5.8
17,002

78,874
61,654
78.2
58,019
2,263
55,755
3,636
5.9
17,220

86,901
48,088
55.3
45,136
547
44,589
2,952
6.1
38,814

87,933
49,458
56.2
46,597
640
45,958
2,860
5.8
38,475

14,472
7,446
51.4
6,069
196
5,873
1,376
18.5
7,027

14,557
7,511
51.6
6,135
174
5,960
1,376
18.3
7,046

154,203
100,473
65.2
94,769
2,714
92,055
5,704
5.7
53,730

155,979
102,455
65.7
96,555
2,888
93,668
5,899
5.8
53,524

67,654
53,077
78.5
50,459
2,003
48,456
2,618
4.9
14,577

68,671
53,930
78.5
51,163
2,103
49,060
2,768
5.1
14,741

74,685
40,915
54.8
38,832
525
38,307
2,083
5.1
33,770

75,404
41,951
55.6
39,893
615
39,278
2,058
4.9
33,453

11,864
6,481
54.6
5,478
186
5,291
1,004
15.5
5,382

11,903
6,573
55.2
5,500
170
5,329
1,073
16.3
5,330

19,790
12,423
62.8
10,564
169
10,395
1,859
15.0
7,366

20,120
12,695
63.1
10,946
149
10,797
1,749
13.8
7,425

7,793
5,803
74.5
5,055
145
4,910
748
12.9
1,990

7,961
5,951
74.8
5,209
131
5,078
742
12.5
2,010

9,848
5,805
58.9
5,033
16
5,017
773
13.3
4,043

10,015
5,977
59.7
5,238
15
5,223
738
12.4
4,038

2,149
815
37.9
477
8
468
338
41.5
1,334

2,144
767
35.8
499
3
495
269
35.0
1,377

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force




13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1986
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Unemployed

Part
time1

Full
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

15,378
10,826
4,552

7,379
4,675
2,704

48.0
43.2
59.4

6,416
3,865
2,551

1,062
274
787

5,354
3,591
1,764

963
810
153

90
55
35

873
755
118

13.1
17.3
5.7

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

7,982
7,396
6,345
1,051

3,304
4,074
3,138
937

41.4
55.1
49.5
89.1

2,642
3,773
2,877
897

141
921
329
592

2,501
2,853
2,548
305

662
301
261
40

38
52
24
28

624
249
237
12

20.0
7.4
8.3
4.3

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,868
5,528
2,339

3,704
2,353
1,351

47.1
42.6
57.8

3,202
1,934
1,267

576
165
411

2,626
1,770
856

502
418
84

48
31
17

454
387
67

13.6
17.8
6.2

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

4,211
3,656
3,158
499

1,732
1,972
1,518
454

41.1
53.9
48.1
91.1

1,380
1,822
1,383
438

89
487
197
289

1,291
1,335
1,186
149

352
151
135
16

22
26
17
9

330
125
118
7

20.3
7.6
8.9
3.5

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,510
5,298
2,213

3,675
2,322
1,352

48.9
43.8
61.1

3,214
1,931
1,283

486
110
376

2,728
1,821
908

461
392
69

42
24
18

419
368
51

12.5
16.9
5.1

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,770
3,740
3,187
553

1,573
2,102
1,620
482

41.7
56.2
50.8
87.2

1,262
1,952
1,494
458

52
434
132
302

1,211
1,518
1,362
156

310
150
126
24

16
26
8
18

295
124
118
6

19.7
7.1
7.8
5.0

12,586
8,794
3,792

6,473
4,141
2,333

51.4
47.1
61.5

5,719
3,498
2,222

931
252
680

4,788
3,246
1,542

754
643
111

54
32
22

700
611
89

11.6
15.5
4.8

Men
Women

6,481
6,105

3,267
3,206

50.4
52.5

2,862
2,857

507
425

2,356
2,432

405
349

29
25

375
324

12.4
10.9

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

6,342
6,244
5,334
910

2,923
3,550
2,733
817

46.1
56.9
51.2
89.8

2,403
3,317
2,529
788

126
806
287
519

2,277
2,511
2,242
269

520
234
204
30

16
38
18
20

504
196
186
10

17.8
6.6
7.5
3.6

2,099
1,592
507

670
412
257

31.9
25.9
50.8

492
264
228

97
19
78

395
245
150

178
148
30

30
21
9

148
127
21

26.6
36.0
11.6

Men
Women

1,045
1,054

325
344

31.1
32.7

243
249

58
39

185
210

82
96

16
14

67
81

25.3
27.8

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

1,303
795
691
104

307
363
279
84

23.6
45.6
40.3
80.4

181
311
234
77

12
85
36
49

169
226
198
28

126
52
44
7

20
10
6
5

107
41
39
3

41.2
14.2
15.9
8.6

1,157
816
340

470
247
223

40.6
30.2
65.5

411
203
208

94
21
72

318
182
136

58
44
15

8
2
6

50
42
8

12.4
17.7
6.5

Men
Women

596
561

237
232

39.8
41.5

207
205

51
43

156
162

30
28

5
3

25
25

12.8
12.0

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

694
462
366
96

199
271
184
87

28.6
58.6
50.2
90.7

161
250
167
83

19
75
25
49

143
175
142
34

37
21
17
4

4
4

33
17
17

18.9
7.6
9.0
4.7

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

See footnotes at end of table.

14




5

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1986
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Unemployed

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

18,520
3,731
14,789

15,374
2,836
12,537

83.0
76.0
84.8

13,490
2,270
11,220

11,482
1,631
9,851

2,007
638
1,369

1,884
567
1,317

1,698
509
1,189

186
57
129

12.3
20.0
10.5

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

4,207
9,751
3,066
1,496

2,781
8.322
2,815
1,456

66.1
85.3
91.8
97.3

2,118
7,369
2,620
1,383

1,674
6,205
2,307
1,296

443
1,164
314
87

664
953
195
73

615
834
185
65

49
119
10
8

23.9
11.4
6.9
5.0

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

8,800
1,779
7,021

8,126
1,509
6,617

92.3
84.8
94.3

7,086
1,202
5,884

6,308
922
5,385

779
280
499

1,040
306
733

971
285
686

69
21
47

12.8
20.3
11.1

2,195
4,619
1,346
640

1,842
4,345

1,313
627

83.9
94.1
97.5
97.9

1,436
3,852
1,211
588

1,206
3,469
1,081
552

230
382
131
36

406
493
101
39

382
456
98
34

24
37
3
5

22.1
11.3
7.7
6.2

9,720
1,952
7,768

7,248
1,328
5,920

74.6
68.0
76.2

6,403
1,067
5,336

5,174
709
4,466

1,229
358
870

844
260
584

727
224
503

117
36
81

11.7
19.6
9.9

2,012
5,132
1,720
856

939
3,977
1,502
829

46.7
77.5
87.3
96.9

682
3,518
1,409
795

469
2,736
1,226
744

213
782
183
51

257
459
93
34

232
378
86
31

25
82
7
4

27.4
11.6
6.2
4.1

15,451
3,109
12,342

13,112
2,432
10,679

84.9
78.2
86.5

11,769
2,002
9,767

10,096
1,450
8,646

1,672
552
1,120

1,343
430
913

1,203
383
820

140
47
92

10.2
17.7
8.5

Men
Women

7,403
8,048

6,961
6,151

94.0
76.4

6,209
5,559

5,587
4,509

622
1,050

752
591

696
508

56
84

10.8
9.6

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

3,406
8,176
2,528
1,341

2,346
7,114
2,342
1,310

68.9
87.0
92.6
97.7

1,861
6,438
2,219
1,251

1,492
5,432
1,996
1,177

369
1,005
224
74

485
676
123
59

446
594
113
50

40
83
9
9

20.7
9.5
5.2
4.5

2,653
552
2,101

1,945
355
1,590

73.3
64.3
75.7

1,452
235
1,217

1,151
154
996

301
81
221

494
121
373

447
111
336

47
10
37

25.4
33.9
23.5

Men
Women

1,196
1,457

997
949

83.3
65.1

737
714

601
549

136
165

259
234

246
201

13
33

26.0
24.7

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

706
1,392
454
100

384
1,068
397
97

54.3
76.7
87.4
96.4

218
812
331
90

148
668
254
80

70
144
78
10

165
256
65
7

155
221
65
7

10
36
1

43.1
24.0
16.5
6.9

2,044
489

1,556

1,496
306
1,190

73.2
62.6
76.5

1,280
235
1,044

1,097
164
933

183
72
111

216
70
146

193
62
131

23
9
15

14.4
23.0
12.2

Men
Women

1,060
984

961
534

90.7
54.3

825
455

745
352

80
103

136
80

122
71

15
9

14.2
14.9

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1,046

672
613
168
42

64.3
80.4
88.9

543
537
158
41

458
463
139
38

86
74
20
3

129
76
9
2

118
63
9
2

11
13

19.2
12.4
5.4

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

762
188
48

1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and




college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.

15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Unemployed

Employed

Total

Veteran status
and age

Percent of
labor force

Number
Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over

7,662
6,431
1,313
3,205
1,913
1,231

7,785
6,331
1,065
2,894
2,372
1,454

7,149
6,190
1,268
3,082
1,840
959

7,289
6,087
1,020
2,790
2,277
1,202

6,787
5,865
1,182
2,910
1,773
922

6,980
5,804
948
2,654
2,202
1,176

362
325
86
172
67
37

309
283
72
136
75
26

5.1
5.3
6.8
5.6
3.6
3.9

4.2
4.6
7.1
4.9
3.3
2.2

17,623
8,025
5,252
4,346

18,783
8,638
5,909
4,236

16,709
7,636
4,971
4,102

17,791
8,212
5,578
4,001

15,877
7,219
4,776
3,882

16,803
7,756
5,282
3,765

832
417
195
220

988
456
296
236

5.0
5.5
3.9
5.4

5.6
5.6
5.3
5.9

NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data

16




are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
November 1986
Unemployed

Employed
Part time

Full time
Sex, age, and race
Total

Full-time
schedules1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time

Total

Voluntary1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

90,984
1,906
183
1,723
89,078
10,638
78,441
67,328
11,113

89,265
1,806
171
1,635
87,459
10,338
77,122
66,201
10,921

1,719
100
12
88
1,619
300
1,319
1,127
192

19,767
4,229
2,257
1,972
15,537
3,132
12,405
9,055
3,349

16,072
3,802
2,200
1,602
12,269
2,432
9,837
6,890
2,947

3,695
427
57
370
3,268
700
2,568
2,165
402

6,215
564
118
446
5,651
1,224
4,427
3,988
440

1,657
812
538
274
845
247
599
486
112

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

54,732
1,087
53,645
5,797
47,848
40,711
7,136

53,751
1,015
52,736
5,625
47,111
40,094
7,016

981
72
909
172
737
617
120

6,423
2,050
4,373
1,355
3,020
1,682
1,337

4,990
1,858
3,132
1,037
2,096
924
1,171

1,433
192
1,241
318
924
758
166

3,700
316
3,384
703
2,681
2,380
302

660
409
252
114
138
88
49

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

36,252
819
35,433
4,842
30,593
26,617
3,976

35,514
791
34,723
4,713
30,012
26,107
3,905

738
28
710
129
581
510
71

13,344
2,179
11,164
1,778
9,386
7,374
2,012

11,082
1,945
9,137
1,396
7,741
5,965
1,776

2,262
234
2,027
382
1,645
1,409
236

2,515
248
2,267
521
1,746
1,608
138

997
404
593
132
461
398
63

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

48,419
981
47,439
5,113
42,327
35,900
6,427

47,576
921
46,655
4,952
41,703
35,383
.6,320

843
60
784
161
624
517
107

5,553
1,829
3,724
1,149
2,574
1,348
1,227

4,450
1,669
2,781
911
1,869
788
1,081

1,103
160
943
238
705
560
146

2,792
225
2,566
500
2,066
1,837
230

544
343
201
89
113
71
41

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

30,686
721
29,965
4,213
25,752
22,278
3,475

30,108
698
29,410
4,111
25,299
21,885
3,415

578
23
555
102
453
393
60

11,897
1,970
9,928
1,514
8,415
6,651
1,765

10,100
1,764
8,336
1,218
7,119
5,548
1,571

1,797
206
1,592
296
1,296
1,103
194

1,777
190
1,587
343
1,244
1,128
116

787
316
472
92
379
326
53

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4,791
86
4,705
573
4,133
3,583
550

4,689
74
4,615
564
4,051
3,509
542

102
12
90
9
82
74
8

668
164
504
157
347
263
84

389
137
252
84
169
97
72

279
27
252
73
178
166
12

779
78
701
184
518
457
61

101
60
41
20
20
14
6

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years

4,371
86
4,284
502
3,783
3,386
397

4,238
85
4,153
478
3,676
3,289
387

133
1
131
24
107
97
10

1,116
162
954
213
741
539
203

715
134
581
134
447
284
163

401
28
373
79
294
255
40

684
54
630
162
470
449
21

185
77
108
37
70
61
9

White

Black

55 years and over

Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according




to whether they usually work full or part time.

17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)

November 1986
Not in labor force

Civilian labor force
Unemployed

Family relationship
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

Percent
of
Number
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going Unable
Other
to
to
reasons
school work

Total, 16 years and over1

96,850

65.9

90,348

6,502

6.7 50,115

23,607

8,348

1,906

16,254

Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force

39,858
24,880
1,192
13,786

78.7
91.9
92.9
61.8

38,259
23,954
1,038
13,267

1,599
926
154
519

4.0 10,801
3.7 2,194
91
12.9
3.8 8,515

186
61
125

197
110
1
85

811
277
14
519

9,608
1,746
76
7,786

Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force

28,358
24,992
1,080
2,285

56.0
65.3
67.5
21.2

27,075
23,954
926
2,194

1,283
1,038
154
91

4.5 22,301
4.2 13,267
519
14.3
4.0 8,515

18,635
11,901
459
6,275

405
359
10
37

305
116
4
185

2,956
891
46
2,019

Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

13,352
4,940
4,973
3,437

62.5
51.2
76.8
65.4

11,748
4,185
4,471
3,092

1,603
755
503
345

12.0
15.3
10.1
10.0

8,027
4,711
1,501
1,815

815
116
140
559

5,641
4,392
1,106
143

246
6
16
224

1,325
196
239
890

Women who maintain families

6,551

62.5

5,907

644

9.8

3,928

2,823

181

188

736

Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

5,426
1,373
1,605
2,449

60.4
47.3
75.6
61.9

4,426
973
1,353
2,100

1,000
400
251
349

18.4
29.2
15.7
14.3

3,556
1,530
518
1,508

783
86
133
564

1,599
1,303
231
65

228
11
22
195

947
130
132
685

Men who maintain families

1,813

76.3

1,677

136

7.5

563

39

34

59

430

Relatives in families maintained by men ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,491
269
399
823

61.4
52.9
75.4
59.1

1,256
196
350
710

235
73
49
113

15.8
27.1
12.4
13.7

939
239
130
570

326
21
26
279

291
208
60
23

69

252
11
41
200

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in
married-couple families where the husband or wife is in the Armed
Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women

18




2
67

who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status
estimates shown in other tables in this publication because of differences
in definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men
Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons
Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

4,250
1,659
562
2,029

4,360
1,764
574
2,022

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,161

3,336

1,368

Women
Unemployment
rates
Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

6.6
4.0
9.0

Thousands of
persons

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

6.9
5.2
7.3
10.2

6.6
4.8
7.0
10.4

2,564
1,181
533
849

5.8
4.8
6.8
7.4

5.7
4.5
6.4
7.9

910
235
179
496

869
181
180
508

14.7
10.0

9.9
24.3

13.7
7.7
10.0
23.1

5.2
4.0
8.6
9.0

2,174

2,207
1,164
413

5.3
4.5
6.8
6.9

5.2
4.3
6.4
7.6

4.3
3.4
7.6
6.4

4.6
3.7
7.4
7.7

1,594
945
474
176

1,623
981
451
192

4.6
4.1
6.4
4.4

4.5
4.1
5.7
4.6

11.3

10.7
7.2
15.0

509
185
155
168

539
154
168
216

10.4
8.7
8.9
16.7

10.7
7.1
9.5
19.0

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

11.9

6.7
4.2
8.8
11.8

3,565
1,510
724
1,331

3,512
1,397
729
1,386

1,378

5.6
3.7
8.0
9.7

5.8

1,458
416
1,462

3.9
7.7
10.2

2,543
1,216
535
792

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

949
235
130
583

880
242
144
494

15.2
7.7
13.9
26.1

13.9
7.7
15.1
22.2

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,613

2,818

1,464
519

1,581
542
694

5.0
3.8
8.6
8.5

White, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,972
1,207
377
388

2,179
1,307

Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

546
206
126
215

538
215
141
182




415

629

386
485

Unemployment
rates

7.1
13.8
20.7

16.8

1,179
636
358

630

19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Total

Unemployment rates

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

7,872

6.7

6.6

6.6

6.7

6.9

6.6

575
309
266

627
344
283

2.1
2.4
1.8

2.3
2.6
1.9

1.9
2.2
1.6

2.1
2.1
2.1

2.4
2.8
2.0

2.4
3.4
1.8

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,570
96

1,647
104
640
903

4.4
2.8
5.1
4.3

4.5
3.0
4.5
4.8

3.5
2.8
3.4
4.0

4.0
3.2
3.5
5.4

5.0
2.9
6.8
4.3

4.8
2.8
5.5
4.6

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,351
65
85
1,200

1,309
62
87

8.1
6.2
4.7
8.8

8.7

7.5

O

O

1,161

8.5
6.4
4.6
9.2

4.6
10.1

3.9
8.6

8.4
6.4
4.4
8.7

8.6
5.6
10.2
8.8

959
230
484
245

956
219
483
253

6.7
4.9
9.1
5.6

6.6
4.8
8.8
5.7

6.5
4.7
9.0
5.1

6.5
4.6
8.7
5.4

8.0
8.8
14.0
7.3

7.4
9.7
12.6
6.4

2,079
979
362
738
191
547

2,048
885
361
802
235
567

10.9
11.1
7.5
13.6
20.8
12.2

10.7
10.1
7.1
15.1
24.8
13.0

10.2

10.5
9.3
7.2
15.3

12.8
13.8
8.3
11.1

11.3
11.2

20.8
12.5

24.1

13.1

10.8

12.5

Farming, forestry, and fishing

303

270

9.0

7.6

8.6

7.3

11.0

9.5

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

931
611
202
118

975
647
191
137

Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

20




Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

7,815

Women

Men

Total

698
776

9.2
7.4
14.2

O

6.6
13.9

O

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

Total

Unemployment rates
Total
Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

7,872

6.7

6.6

6.6

6.7

6.9

6.6

5,910

5,938

6.8

6.7

6.8

6.9

6.8

6.5

64
720

122
874

6.7
12.0

13.5
13.8

7.5
12.3

13.7
14.0

1.5
9.1

12.2
12.1

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Funiture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries

1,648
990
63
48
58

1,528
857

97

121
124
68
57
21
45
671
172
62

13.3
4.0
4.9
4.6
6.9
9.0

6.5
6.9
8.2
7.0
7.6
11.6
9.4
5.9
7.3
5.3
7.2
3.6
1.8
7.1
5.6
8.4
5.3
7.8
3.6
4.4
3.7
4.2
6.3

6.2
6.1
6.5
7.1
5.7
10.5
8.8
7.1
4.4
3.6
3.5
3.7
3.0
7.4
6.6
8.8
6.6

171
22
87
68
65
23

7.0
6.5
6.4
6.9
7.5
11.0
8.7
7.3
5.4
4.5
5.3
3.8
3.0
7.6
7.9
9.6
8.1
14.1
3.2
5.1
5.6
9.1
6.3

9.7

107
128
168

7.5
7.5
8.9
7.1
10.0
11.5
9.7
6.3
7.7
5.9
8.1
3.9
3.6
10.2
7.6
9.2
7.8

16.1
1.9
4.6
4.8
7.1
6.5

10.2
10.7
10.4
14.8
5.0
5.6
6.4
11.5
13.3

8.7
7.6
6.1
6.5
14.1
13.4
8.4
8.1
6.9
7.9
12.2
4.2
2.9
7.7
9.7
11.2
9.7
13.5
6.8
5.6
7.1
13.2
7.4

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

311
246
65
1,617
203
1,414
193

252
189
63

5.0
5.8
2.4
7.2
4.8
7.8
2.9
6.0
4.2
8.3

4.0
4.3
2.3
6.8
4.6
7.3
3.5
5.8
3.5
8.7

5.1
6.0
1.7
6.6
4.3
7.4
3.0
6.0
3.8
7.9

4.0
4.4
1.9
6.1
3.9
6.9
3.3
6.2
3.0
8.9

4.9
5.1
3.5
7.9
5.8
8.1
2.9
6.0
4.4
8.6

4.1
4.0
3.1
7.6
6.3
7.7
3.6
5.6
3.8
8.6

14.7
2.7

11.1
2.8

14.5
2.7

10.2
2.9

15.3
2.7

14.3
2.7

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience




Nov.
1986

7,815

Women

Nov.
1985

Total, 16 years and over

Nov.
1985

Men

183
163
108
55
25

46
658
171
66
169

29
83
52
51
37

46
47
48
119
189

1,357
542
815

1,549
198
1,351
247
1,365
469
896

247
726
931

186
774
975

9.0
13.2
7.4

17.3
11.0

10.7
7.6
8.2
8.3
11.7
5.2
6.4
14.8

21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
unemployed
Reason for unemployment

Women,
20 years
and over

Men,
20 years
and over
Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

Nov.
1986

Black

White

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

1,376
229
59
170
159
341
647

5,704
2,929
907
2,022
679
1,480
617

5,899
2,802
829
1,973
909
1,513
675

1,859
873
154
719
145
563
276

1,749
868
149
719
160
461
261

100.0
19.1
3.5
15.6
8.8
27.7
44.4

100.0
16.6
4.3
12.3
11.6
24.8
47.0

100.0
51.4
15.9
35.5
11.9
25.9
10.8

100.0
47.5
14.0
33.5
15.4
25.7
11.4

100.0
47.0
8.3
38.7
7.8
30.3
14.9

100.0
49.6
8.5
41.1
9.1
26.3
14.9

3.6
1.6
5.1
8.2

3.1
2.1
4.5
8.6

2.9
.7
1.5
.6

2.7
.9
1.5
.7

7.0
1.2
4.5
2.2

6.8
1.3
3.6
2.1

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

7,815
3,916
1,079
2,837
834
2,135
930

7,872
3,773
986
2,787
1,090
2,035
975

3,487
2,486
670
1,816
300
590
111

3,636
2,427
634
1,793
506
566
137

2,952
1,167
361
806
412
1,165
208

2,860
1,118
293
825
424
1,127
191

1,376
263
48
215
121
381
611

100.0
50.1
13.8
36.3
10.7
27.3
11.9

100.0
47.9
12.5
35.4
13.8
25.8
12.4

100.0
71.3
19.2
52.1
8.6
16.9
3.2

100.0
66.7
17.4
49.3
13.9
15.6
3.8

100.0
39.5
12.2
27.3
14.0
39.5
7.1

100.0
39.0
10.2
28.8
14.8
39.4
6.7

3.3
.7
1.8
.8

3.1
.9
1.7
.8

4.1
.5
1.0
.2

3.9
.8
.9
.2

2.5
.9
2.4
.4

2.3
.9
2.3
.4

Nov.
1986

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

22




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
Movember 1986
Total unemployed

Duration of unemployment

Reason, sex, and age

1£> weeks and over

Total, 16 years and over ...
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
1

Thousands
of persons

Percent

7,872

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

100.0

41.7

3,773
986
2,787
1,090
2,035
975

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

3,636

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

33.0

25.3

11.6

13.7

37.3
57.3
30.2
42.7
46.6
47.2

33.2
26.1
35.7
36.4
31.6
31.4

29.5
16.6
34.1
20.9
21.8
21.4

13.2
8.2
15.0
9.4
10.2
11.0

16.3
8.4
19.2
11.5
11.6
10.4

100.0

35.8

32.5

31.7

12.0

19.8

2,427
634
1,793
506
566
137

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

35.9
57.7
28.1
38.0
34.5
32.5

31.7
25.5
33.9
36.4
31.5
35.3

32.5
16.8
38.0
25.6
34.0
32.3

12.9
7.2
14.9
8.7
12.0
6.5

19.5
9.6
23.0
16.9
22.0
25.7

2,860

100.0

43.1

34.1

22.8

12.2

10.6

1,118
293
825
424
1,127
191

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

36.7
53.1
30.9
43.2
49.7
41.3

35.6
29.2
37.9
37.2
31.1
35.4

27.7
17.7
31.2
19.6
19.2
23.4

15.4
11.1
17.0
11.2
9.7
10.3

12.2
6.6
14.2
8.4
9.5
13.0

1,376

100.0

54.2

32.2

13.5

9.4

4.1

229
59
170
159
341
647

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

55.3

37.2

7.5

5.1

2.4

0

0

0

0

0

44.1
34.2
33.3
29.4

48.6
56.3
56.5
52.1

7.2
9.4
10.2
18.5

5.2
7.0
8.6
12.1

2.0
2.5
1.6
6.4

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-16. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Full-time workers

Total
Thousands of persons

Duration of unemployment

Total 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
.
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over

.

Averaae (mean) duration in weeks
Median duration in weeks




. ..
.

Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

7,815

7,872

100.0

100.0

6,265

6,215

100.0

100.0

3,388
2,439
1,797
642
1,988
801
1,187
393
794

3,281
2,597
1,900
697
1,994
914
1,080
370
709

43.3
31.2
23.0
8.2
25.4
10.2
15.2
5.0
10.2

41.7
33.0
24.1
8.9
25.3
11.6
13.7
4.7
9.0

2,471
1,988
1,447
541
1,806
684
1,121
370
752

2,314
2,108
1,523
586
1,793
814
979
334
645

39.4
31.7
23.1
8.6
28.8
10.9
17.9
5.9
12.0

37.2
33.9
24.5
9.4
28.8
13.1
15.8
5.4
10.4

15.7
6.7

15.0
6.8

17.6
7.7

16.6
7.9

_

23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17.

Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

November 1986

Unemployed
less than
5 weeks

Unemployed
15 weeks
and over

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

7,872
1,376
1,471
2,358
1,368
748
459
93

3,281
747
659
912
506
282
133
43

2,597
443
508
856
445
205
113
26

914
130
157
267
188
93
71
8

1,080
56
147
322
229
167
142
16

15.0
8.2
12.5
15.0
17.5
20.8
25.5
18.4

6.8
4.6
6.0
7.4
7.9
8.2
12.2
7.9

43.3
55.7
45.1
41.2
37.4
34.3
39.7
50.5

41.7
54.2
44.8
38.7
37.0
37.7
28.9
46.3

25.4
13.6
19.9
26.3
31.9
38.0
38.2
29.5

25.3
13.5
20.7
25.0
30.5
34.9
46.3
25.8

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,360
724
818
1,268
765
434
288
63

1,670
368
350
441
265
141
81
25

1,417
237
278
458
241
118
67
17

513
78
84
149
104
55
36
6

761
41
106
219
155
121
105
15

17.4
9.2
14.4
17.2
20.4
24.6
27.6

7.8
4.9
6.4
8.5
8.9
10.0
13.7

39.7
51.3
41.8
38.8
33.5
30.7
35.0

38.3
50.8
42.8
34.8
34.6
32.3
28.0

30.6
15.6
24.1
31.2
38.0
44.8
47.2

0

0

O

O

0

29.2
16.5
23.2
29.0
33.9
40.4
48.9

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,512
652
653
1,090
603
314
171
30

1,611
379
309
470
242
142
52
18

1,180
206
230
398
203
87
47
9

401
52
73
118
83
38
35
2

319
15
41
104
74
47
37
1

12.0
7.0
10.2
12.4
13.8
15.7
21.9

5.9
4.3
5.5
6.4
6.9
6.1
11.2

45.9
58.1
47.4
43.1
40.1
45.1
30.6

19.3
11.2
15.1
21.0
24.9
28.3
23.8

0

O

47.7
61.2
48.7
43.8
41.9
39.7
47.3

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

5,899
3,336
2,564

2,551
1,332
1,219

1,915
1,079
837

668
375
293

765
550
215

14.5
16.7
11.5

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,749
880
869

646
279
367

607
292
315

208
118
90

289
191
98

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,764
574
2,022

560
210
900

570
192
654

239
58
216

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,397
729
1,386

633
299
680

455
252
473

166
91
145

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

24




0

O
20.5
10.3
17.5
20.3
26.1
27.2
42.0

O

0

6.5
7.3
5.5

44.7
41.7
48.3

43.2
39.9
47.5

24.1
29.1
17.9

24.3
27.7
19.8

16.8
20.3
13.2

8.2
10.2
6.7

39.5
33.4
45.9

36.9
31.7
42.2

29.6
36.3
22.6

28.4
35.1
21.6

395
115
252

20.5
18.5
14.4

9.6
8.3
6.3

37.7
38.9
41.7

31.8
36.5
44.5

35.7
32.4
25.9

35.9
30.1
23.1

144
88
88

12.6
14.2
10.1

6.0
6.8
5.2

46.0
40.0
53.7

45.3
40.9
49.1

18.5
22.2
18.6

22.1
24.5
16.8

O

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Occupation and industry

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks
weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

Unemployed Unemployed
15 weeks
less than
and over
5 weeks
Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov.
1985 1986 1985 1986

November 1986
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

190
722
562
406
800
129

242
565
430
261
677
104

94
195
148
105
247
14

101
164
169
184
324
24

17.5
12.5
14.6
18.2
16.3
11.7

8.9
6.3
6.6
6.7
7.4
5.4

40.1
45.5
46.4
44.4
36.4
48.6

30.3
43.8
43.0
42.4
39.1
47.6

32.2
22.5
23.0
27.4
29.8
19.2

31.1
21.8
24.2
30.2
27.9
14.1

1,889
222

90
411
525
261
264
103
737
757
68

70
295
492
261
232
106
490
669
89

6
84
212
122
90
34
179
215
30

19
103
300
215
85
60
154
249
36

12.2
13.5
18.8
21.8
14.9
19.5
12.5
14.2
17.3

5.3
5.8
8.5
10.3
6.7
9.2
5.6
7.2
9.6

49.1
46.7
34.1
30.8
39.1
39.3
49.8
42.4
31.0

48.6
46.0
34.3
30.4
39.4
34.0
47.3
40.1
30.4

17.2
22.2
32.5
35.9
27.3
27.0
23.1
24.7
30.2

13.6
20.9
33.5
39.2
26.1
31.1
21.3
24.6
29.6

975

461

306

107

102

12.4

5.7

50.9

47.2

19.6

21.4

627
1,647
1,309

956
2,048
270

INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration
No previous work experience
1

186
893
1,530
858
671
303
1,560

Includes wage and salary workers only.




25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
November 1986
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race
Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

Average
number of
methods
used

Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

7,872
1,376
1,471
2,358
1,368
748
459
93

6,777
1,298
1,310
1,979
1,127
596
388
79

23.9
12.4
25.0
29.0
27.2
27.7
19.6
16.5

6.9
2.9
5.3
8.7
10.6
8.9
4.4
5.1

74.7
82.3
74.7
75.0
70.3
68.8
70.9
68.4

34.4
24.0
33.9
36.6
41.9
40.1
30.2
32.9

16.0
13.4
14.7
15.3
17.7
18.3
20.4
38.0

4.6
2.6
3.9
5.2
5.9
5.5
6.4
5.1

1.61
1.38
1.57
1.70
1.74
1.69
1.52
1.66

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,360
724
818
1,268
765
434
288
63

3,639
682
696
1,026
617
319
240
60

27.2
14.2
25.6
33.8
31.6
33.2
23.7

6.9
2.8
4.5
9.3
10.4
8.5
4.2

76.6
83.4
78.2
76.9
72.0
72.4
71.2

19.1
16.0
18.4
17.4
21.2
21.0
23.7

O

4.9
2.2
1.9
6.9
6.0
7.5
7.1

O

O

32.3
22.9
28.0
37.5
39.4
35.1
25.4

1.67
1.41
1.56
1.82
1.81
1.78
1.55

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,512
652
653
1,090
603
314
171
30

3,138
616
614
953
510
278
148
19

20.2
10.4
24.3
23.7
22.0
21.6
12.8

7.0
2.9
6.2
8.0
10.8
9.7
4.1

72.5
81.0
70.7
73.0
68.2
64.4
70.3

37.0
25.2
40.6
35.7
44.9
45.7
37.8

12.5
10.6
10.4
12.9
13.5
15.1
14.2

White, 16 years and over...
Men
Women

5,899
3,336
2,564

4,966
2,697
2,268

22.7
26.4
18.3

6.7
6.8
6.7

75.1
76.5
73.3

37.6
34.9
40.7

Black, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

1,749
880
869

1,598
805
793

28.2
29.8
26.6

6.9
7.0
6.9

74.2
77.6
70.6

25.8
24.6
27.0

17.4
19.8
15.0

0

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

0

0

O

0

0

0

O

0

4.4
3.1
6.2
3.3
5.7
3.6
5.4

1.54
1.33
1.58
1.57
1.65
1.60
1.45

O

O

15.3
18.8
11.1

4.9
5.3
4.3

1.62
1.69
1.54

3.8
2.9
4.9

1.56
1.62
1.51

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

A-20. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
November 1986
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Thousands of persons
Sex and reason
Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

Average
number of
methods
used

Total 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

7,872
3,773
1,090
2,035
975

6,777
2,808
1,085
1,922
960

23.9
30.4
21.9
20.1
15.0

6.9
9.0
6.6
6.0
3.2

74.7
76.1
77.4
70.0
76.9

34.4
35.6
38.4
36.1
23.4

16.0
19.4
12.2
14.2
14.3

4.6
4.4
4.0
6.2
3.0

1.61
1.75
1.61
1.53
1.36

Men 16 years and over ...
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
....

4,360
2,566
608
748
438

3,639
1,908
608
689
434

27.2
31.9
22.9
24.2
16.8

6.9
8.2
3.6
8.6
2.5

76.6
76.0
82.7
71.7
78.6

32.3
34.6
35.2
27.7
25.1

19.1
20.6
15.5
18.0
19.1

4.9
4.9
3.5
7.8
2.3

1.67
1.76
1.63
1.58
1.44

Women 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,512
1,207
482
1,287
537

3,138
900
478
1,233
526

20.2
27.3
20.7
17.6
13.5

7.0
10.6
10.5
4.5
3.8

72.5
76.2
70.5
69.2
75.5

37.0
37.6
42.5
40.8
22.1

12.5
16.8
7.9
12.0
10.3

4.4
3.3
4.8
5.4
3.6

1.54
1.72
1.57
1.49
1.29

1
Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

26




30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Total
Industry and age

Women

Men

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

All industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

108,282
6,069
2,320
3,749
13,907
73,898
31,718
25,511
16,668
11,565
6,967
4,598
2,843

110,751
6,135
2,440
3,695
13,771
76,384
32,751
26,466
17,166
11,529
6,961
4,568
2,932

60,113
3,036
1,185
1,851
7,265
41,300
17,759
14,074
9,466
6,794
4,084
2,710
1,719

61,155
3,137
1,210
1,927
7,151
42,394
18,268
14,526
9,601
6,728
4,040
2,688
1,746

48,169
3,034
1,135
1,898
6,642
32,598
13,959
11,438
7,202
4,771
2,883
1,888
1,124

49,595
2,998
1,230
1,768
6,620
33,990
14,484
11,941
7,566
4,801
2,921
1,880
1,186

Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

2,920
196
81
115
360
1,671
697
504
470
461
233
227
232

3,078
174
86
88
369
1,793
788
558
446
429
224
205
313

2,341
164
72
92
301
1,302
570
376
356
367
181
186
206

2,415
151
72
79
324
1,349
608
409
332
331
169
162
259

579
32
9
24
59
368
127
128
113
94
53
41
26

663
23
14
9
45
443
180
149
114
98
56
43
54

105,362
5,873
2,239
3,634
13,547
72,227
31,021
25,007
16,199
11,105
6,734
4,370
2,611

107,673
5,960
2,353
3,607
13,401
74,591
31,964
25,908
16,720
11,100
6,737
4,364
2,620

57,772
2,872
1,112
1,759
6,964
39,997
17,189
13,698
9,109
6,428
3,904
2,524
1,512

58,741
2,986
1,138
1,848
6,827
41,044
17,659
14,117
9,269
6,397
3,872
2,526
1,487

47,590
3,001
1,127
1,874
6,583
32,230
13,832
11,309
7,089
4,677
2,830
1,847
1,098

48,932
2,975
1,216
1,759
6,575
33,547
14,304
11,791
7,451
4,703
2,865
1,838
1,133

Nonagricultural industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over




27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Total
Occupation

16 years
and over
Nov.
1985

Total

Men

Nov.
1986

16 years
and over
Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Women
20 years
and over

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

16 years
and over
Nov.
1985

20 years
and over

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

108,282 110,751 60,113 61,155 57,077 58,019 48,169 49,595 45,136 46,597

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations

26,485 27,150 14,954 15,221 14,867 15,158 11,531 11,929 11,420 11,837
12,347 12,848 7,831
7,961 7,791 7,929 4,515 4,887 4,465 4,847
344
606
580
262
262
344
344
235
236
344
8,472 8,721
5,740 5,740 5,702 5,710 2,732 2,980 2,698 2,949
1,747 1,876 1,745 1,875 1,547 1,645 1,533 1,636
3,294 3,522
14,139 14,302
7,261
7,075 7,229 7,016 7,042 6,955 6,990
7,123
1,744 1,794 1,614 1,664 1,614 1,664
129
130
129
130
652
593
399
222
194
194
221
429
432
399
385
382
309
73
71
72
73
312
309
312
758
726
623
103
116
642
642
623
116
100
1,969
2,117
300
1,817
1,688
281
297
1,682
1,813
279
698
656
427
428
449
248
225
228
249
449
3,688
3,710
988
929
981
923 2,722 2,759 2,698 2,732
673
671
571
563
571
110
101
110
563
101
3,540 3,685
1,890 1,990 1,854 1,969 1,650 1,695 1,623 1,676

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

33,762 34,920 12,006 12,245 11,444 11,602 21,756 22,675 20,144 20,999
3,376
3,281
1,749
1,740
1,724 1,698
1,612
1,532
1,636
1,512
1,180
1,114
191
924 1,005
175
186
993
172
918
1,082
1,124
881
867
215
861
209
234
243
838
1,114
1,042
678
417
698
676
410
365
688
359
13,047 13,621
6,783
7,022 6,430 6,634 6,264 6,599 5,367 5,604
3,454 3,633 2,367
2,503 2,345 2,483 1,086 1,130 1,058 1,116
2,292
2,144
1,281
862
1,381
1,272 1,371
883
835
910
1,483
1,579
1,211
1,313
272
1,303
262
265
267
1,201
5,800 6,142
1,797
1,895
1,485
1,548 4,003 4,247 3,168 3,307
71
70
39
32
25
36
42
45
32
25
17,434 17,922 3,474 3,483 3,290 3,270 13,960 14,440 13,266 13,783
302
697
495
298
798
493
393
395
304
303
276
571
269
838
830
541
533
554
250
267
108
100
4,881
70 4,879 4,805 4,638 4,607
75
4,988
253
250
2,421
244
2,522
236 2,269 2,177 2,209 2,124
565
533
323
261
274
331
561
593
923
839
7,558 8,061 1,970 2,000 1,839 1,849 5,588 6,061 5,233 5,695

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

14,534

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,438
4,470
4,846
4,122

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations

28




14,756
928
1,748
11,812 12,080
5,097 5,237
1,778
1,725
2,886
2,744
2,179
2,245

5,680
25
1,533
4,121
1,878
187
1,645
411

5,804
27
1,531
4,246
1,965
192
1,680
410

13,582
4,350
5,011
4,221

12,231
4,307
4,761
3,163

12,443
4,209
4,920
3,314

4,951
24
1,494
3,433
1,371
182
1,514
367

8,854
935
229
7,690
3,219
1,538
1,099
1,835

8,952
901
217
7,834
3,272
1,587
1,206
1,769

7,813
802
222
6,790
2,540
1,455
1,059
1,735

7,961
775
202
6,985
2,636
1,505
1,159
1,684

11,934 12,111
4,087
4,223
4,777
4,616
3,247
3,094

1,207
163
85
959

1,139
141
91
907

1,175
156
81
938

1,121
141
91
888

16,977 17,076 12,600 12,692 11,524 11,668
4,477
4,496
4,631
7,868 4,662
7,831
3,776 3,734 3,691
6,563 6,486 3,861
2,512
2,554
2,520
3,678 3,655 2,596
1,179
1,222
1,215
1,265
2,830
2,886
801
1,383
1,268
786
762
855
4,098
4,687
4,478
3,963 4,150
4,264
3,270 3,502 2,915
3,020
2,812
3,114
1,183
1,185
1,208
1,130
1,152
1,150
3,839 3,797 3,064
4,520
4,668
3,042
702
713
729
608
625
689
3,939 3,807 3,137
2,434
2,440
3,108

4,377
3,169
2,702
1,082
1,621
466
380
355
25
829
27
802

4,384
3,237
2,710
1,101
1,609
528
423
388
35
723
25
698

4,154
3,052
2,629
1,045
1,584
424
364
338
25
738
27
712

4,187
3,149
2,646
1,088
1,558
504
406
371
35
632
25
607

444
168
276

516
182
334

430
168
262

493
181
312

960
1,762

3,086
1,276
1,809

3,267
1,304
1,963

2,642
1,109
1,533

2,751
1,122
1,629

4,874
14
1,503
3,357
1,281
175
1,522
379

2,435
1,099
1,336

2,527
1,118
1,409

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Total
Occupation and race

Women

Men

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

108,282
100.0

110,751
100.0

60,113
100.0

61,155
100.0

48,169
100.0

49,595
100.0

24.5
11.4
13.1
31.2
3.0
12.0
16.1
13.4

24.5
11.6

24.9

24.9
13.0

23.9
9.4

24.1

11.9
20.0
2.8
11.5
5.7

14.6
45.2
3.2

14.2
45.7
3.3

13.0
29.0

9.5

18.4

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

.9
1.6

10.9
12.4

12.9
31.5
3.0
12.3

16.2
13.3
.8
1.6

15.7
7.2
4.1
4.3
2.8

10.9
12.3
15.4
7.1
4.2
4.1
2.9

94,769
100.0

96,555
100.0

25.4
12.0

25.5
12.2
13.3
32.0
3.1
12.9
16.0
12.1
.7
1.5
10.0

13.0
11.8
20.0
2.9
11.3
5.8

9.9

13.3

7.6
7.0
6.2
4.5

6.6
.8
1.7
.9

29.1
18.1
1.8
.4
15.8
2.3
8.8
6.5
.9
1.5
1.0

53,222
100.0

53,972
100.0

41,547
100.0

42,583
100.0

25.9
13.6

25.9
13.7

12.3
20.3
2.9
11.9
5.4

12.3
20.4

24.7
9.8
15.0

24.8
10.3
14.6
46.8
3.3

9.4

O
2.6
6.9
20.3
21.0
7.8
6.8
6.4
4.4

0
2.5
6.9
20.3
20.8

1.9
.5
16.0
2.5
9.1

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

13.4

31.7
3.0
12.7
16.0

12.3
.7
1.5
10.0
12.8
14.8
6.8
4.0
4.0
2.9

12.7
14.6
6.7

8.6
(1)
2.4

6.1
21.0

2.9
12.2
5.3
8.5

0
2.3
6.1
20.9

46.4
3.2
13.6

29.5

13.9
29.6
16.8
1.5
.4

17.0
1.5
.4
15.1
2.4
8.4
6.0
.8
1.6
1.0

14.9
2.2
8.2
5.9
.9
1.4
1.1

4.1
3.9
3.1

19.8
7.4
6.5
5.9
4.5

10,564
100.0

10,946
100.0

5,278
100.0

5,459
100.0

5,286
100.0

5,487
100.0

15.0
6.2
8.8
26.5
2.4
6.8
17.3
23.2
2.7
2.6
17.8
9.2

15.4
6.6
8.8
27.3
2.3
7.0
18.0

13.0
6.7
6.3

12.7
6.3
6.4
16.2

16.9
5.6
11.3

18.0
6.9

19.7
7.3
6.6
5.8
4.6

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
1

23.9
11.0
5.6
7.2
2.3

22.9
2.1
2.7
18.1
9.4
22.7
10.4
5.9
6.4
2.3

16.2
2.1
5.4
8.7
17.4
.1
4.4
12.9
15.6
33.6
11.3
10.6
11.7
4.2

1.9
5.3

9.0
17.9
.1
4.5
13.3
16.6
32.4
10.5
10.9
11.0
4.1

36.8
2.6
8.2

25.9
28.9
5.3
.9
22.8
2.9
14.2
10.8
.6
2.7
.4

11.1
38.4
2.8
8.6
27.0
27.9
4.2
.8
23.0
2.2
13.1
10.4

.9
1.8
.4

Less than 0.05 percent.




29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
November 1986
Agriculture

Nonagricultural industries
Age and sex

Wage and salary workers

Total

Private
household Government
workers

Other

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

Wage and
salary
workers

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

99,127
5,869
2,318
3,551
13,052
29,843
23,550
15,012
9,796
5,935
3,861
2,006

1,145
191
135
57
118
209
185
173
161
81
80
108

16,602
280
69
211
1,217
4,391
5,094
3,179
2,114
1,319
795
328

81,381
5,398
2,114
3,284
11,717
25,243
18,272
11,660
7,521
4,535
2,986
1,570

8,292
78
31
48
332
2,079
2,289
1,657
1,258
773
485
599

254
13
5
8
18
42
69
51
46
29
17
15

1,489
139
62
77
289
483
254
147
113
72
41
64

1,410
9
7
2
62
282
273
276
280
130
150
229

179
26
18
9
18
23
31
23
36
23
14
20

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

53,282
2,930
1,119
1,811
6,621
16,315
12,666
8,172
5,520
3,335
2,186
1,057

160
61
30
31
25
19
22
15
8
7
1
10

7,739
105
23
82
509
2,028
2,388
1,530
1,018
613
405
161

45,383
2,764
1,066
1,698
6,087
14,268
10,257
6,627
4,494
2,714
1,779
886

5,432
46
17
29
203
1,341
1,450
1,097
873
536
337
422

27
10
2
7
3
3
1
4
1
3
7

1,164
118
49
69
252
361
184
108
92
61
31
49

1,192
8
6
3
61
240
223
224
239
108
132
197

58
25
17
8
11
7
2
_
_
_
13

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

45,845
2,939
1,199
1,740
6,431
13,527
10,884
6,840
4,276
2,600
1,676
948

985
130
105
25
93
190
163
158
153
74
79
98

8,863
175
46
129
708
2,363
2,706
1,649
1,095
706
390
167

35,998
2,634
1,048
1,586
5,631
10,975
8,015
5,033
3,028
1,821
1,207
683

2,860
32
14
18
129
738
839
560
385
237
148
177

227
3
3
1
15
39
68
52
42
28
14
8

324
21
12
8
37
122
70
39
21
11
10
14

218
1
1
_
1
41
50
52
40
22
18
32

120
1
1
1
7
16
29
23
37
22
14
7

30




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
November 1986
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries .
Professional services....
Public administration
1

Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

Precision
Machine
Farming,
producoperHandlers, forestry,
tion,
Transporators,
and
equipment
craft,
tation
assemcleaners, fishing
and
and
blers,
helpers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
inspeclaborers
tors

Total
Executive,
emTechniAdminisadminisployed
Profescians
trative Private
trative,
Other
and
sional
Sales support, houseand
service1
specialty related
including hold
manasupport
clerical
gerial

3,078
808
7,399
20,747
12,711
8,037

80
121
871
2,345
1,486
859

66
88
147
1,769
1,256
513

28
34
74
739
544
194

12
8
55
745
303
442

127
84
442
2,363
1,364
999

14
8
35
345
198
147

24
252
4,313
4,069
2,904
1,165

16
23
121
6,486
3,655
2,830

68
153
478
761
427
334

17
38
851
1,027
480
547

2,626

7,863
23,259
4,426
18,834

843
1,819
455
1,364

459
429
79
350

238
90
48
42

323
9,801
1,706
8,094

2,137
2,327
842
1,485

234
4,300
41
4,259

1,333
1,466
288
1,178

123
335
154
181

1,728
904
464
440

434
1,757
343
1,415

10
31
7
25

7,599
34,875
1,152
33,723
22,755
5,122

1,813
3,781
1
3,780
2,092
1,175

164
10,516
10
10,507
9,400
664

122 1,819
1,842
841
8
2
1,834
839
1,524
175
209
17

3,124
5,890
6
5,883
4,337
1,428

316
7,313
72
7,241
4,163
1,265

147
1,775

8
728
4
724
181
28

10
539

18
344
26
318
91
33

58
379
95
284
93
52

928
928

1,775
371
204

538
328
48

12
99
93
6

Includes protective service, not shown separately.

A-26. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers1

Total
Reason not working and sex
Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Paid absences
Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Unpaid absences

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Nov.
1985

Nov.
1986

Total 16 vears and over
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial disDute

3,908
1,367
1,370
212
45
915

3,964
1,516
1,303
123
58
964

3,775
1,344
1,344
154
45
889

3,839
1,478
1,273
97
58
932

1,684
980
488
2
()
2
()
216

1,750
1,042
511
(2)
2
()
197

1,549
211
739
2
()
2
()
599

1,582
263
637
2
()
2
()
682

Men 16 vears and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

2,207
857
723
627

2,244
968
717
560

2,087
836
701
550

2,146
943
690
513

1,011
649
283
78

1,057
693
295
69

738
105
359
273

771
135
310
326

Women 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

1,701
510
646
545

1,720
549
586
585

1,688
507
643
538

1,692
535
583
574

672
331
205
136

693
348
215
130

809
105
380
324

812
129
326
356

1

Excludes private household workers.
Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
2




3

Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27.

Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
November 1986
Hours of work
All
industries

Total, 16 years and over

Percent distribution

Thousands of persons
Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

All
industries

Nonagricultural
industries

Agriculture

106,787

2,952

103,834

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours

30,179
890
4,938
13,711
10,640

878
43
216
413
206

29,300
846
4,722
13,298
10,434

28.3
.8
4.6
12.8
10.0

29.7
1.5
7.3
14.0
7.0

28.2
.8
4.5
12.8
10.0

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

76,608
6,921
39,343
30,344
10,753
11,304
8,287

2,074
155
602
1,317
199
394
724

74,534
6,765
38,741
29,028
10,554
10,911
7,563

71.7
6.5
36.8
28.4
10.1
10.6
7.8

70.3
5.3
20.4
44.6
6.7
13.3
24.5

71.8
6.5
37.3
28.0
10.2
10.5
7.3

38.6
43.2

43.8
51.1

38.5
42.9

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules

A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1986
Nonagricultural industries

All industries
Reason for working less than 35 hours
Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

30,179

11,299

18,880

5,414
2,563

1,719
1,414

3,695
1,149

48
159
98

2,546

48
159
98
-

24,765
12,856
1,137
1,710
607
18
4,675
1,591
2,172

Total
Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons

32




_
_
-

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

29,300

10,986

18,314

5,176
2,409

1,621
1,332

3,555
1,077

47
152
89

47
152
89
-

Total

-

2,478

2,546

2,478

9,580
_
1,137
1,551
607
18
4,675
_
1,593

15,185
12,856

9,363

159
_
_
1,591
579

24,122
12,531
1,128
1,680
507
18
4,665
1,541
2,055

1,128
1,525
507
18
4,665
1,523

155
_
1,541
532

21.9
22.3

24.5
27.9

20.7
18.8

21.9
22.4

24.6
28.0

20.7
18.9

1,637
9,003

771
6,334

866
2,669

1,596
8,838

753
6,244

843
2,594

-

-

14,759
12,531
-

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1986
Industry

Total, 16 years and over

Total
at
work

On part
time
for
economic
reasons

40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours
hours
or less
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

103,834

5,176

14,759

83,899

54,871

10,554

18,474

38.5

42.9

95,749

4,598

13,343

77,808

52,143

9,909

15,756

38.3

42.5

751

26

12

713

411

101

201

44.1

45.4

5,761

371

314

5,076

3,571

578

927

38.7

41.2

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

19,612
12,005
7,607

571
231
342

720
314
406

18,321
11,460
6,859

11,884
7,338
4,544

2,918
1,788
1,130

3,519
2,334
1,185

41.7
42.3
40.7

43.1
43.2
42.8

Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

7,107
20,709
6,763

206
1,505
164

381
5,093
571

6,520
14,111
6,028

4,296
8,334
4,287

841
2,188
625

1,383
3,589
1,116

41.0
36.4
39.2

42.8
44.0
41.4

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

30,124
1,106
29,018
4,921

1,689
196
1,493
64

5,979
497
5,482
274

22,456
413
22,043
4,583

15,720
264
15,456
3,640

2,347
53
2,294
310

4,389
96
4,293
633

36.3
25.4
36.7
38.2

42.3
45.5
42.2
39.6

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

7,832
254

562
16

1,301
114

5,969
124

2,674
56

633
12

2,662
56

41.0
35.4

48.1
48.6

Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction




33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1986

Sex, age, race, and marital status

Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours
or less

41 hours
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

103,834
5,790
2,280
3,510
98,045
13,016
85,030
56,044
26,559
2,427

5,176
510
66
444
4,666
941
3,726
2,479
1,128
117

14,759
3,592
2,062
1,530
11,167
2,302
8,864
4,912
2,755
1,197

83,899
1,688
152
1,536
82,212
9,773
72,440
48,653
22,676
1,113

54,871
1,318
125
1,193
53,555
6,795
46,762
30,846
15,147
770

29,028
370
27
343
28,657
2,978
25,678
17,807
7,529
343

38.5
23.7
16.9
28.1
39.3
36.6
39.7
40.4
39.5
28.6

42.9
40.0
36.9
40.3
43.0
42.1
43.1
43.3
42.8
42.4

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

56,594
2,903
1,095
1,808
53,691
6,613
47,079
30,821
14,890
1,368

2,227
247
34
213
1,981
446
1,534
1,006
471
58

4,432
1,726
979
747
2,707
972
1,735
625
510
600

49,935
930
82
848
49,003
5,195
43,810
29,190
13,909
710

28,997
662
60
602
28,331
3,303
25,029
16,287
8,306
437

20,938
268
22
246
20,672
1,892
18,781
12,903
5,603
273

41.6
25.0
17.9
29.4
42.5
38.3
43.1
43.8
42.7
30.8

44.5
41.3
40.2
41.4
44.6
43.3
44.7
45.0
44.2
43.3

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

47,240
2,887
1,185
1,701
44,353
6,403
37,950
25,223
11,669
1,059

2,949
263
33
230
2,687
496
2,190
1,474
658
59

10,326
1,866
1,084
783
8,460
1,331
7,129
4,287
2,245
597

33,965
758
68
688
33,206
4,576
28,631
19,462
8,766
403

25,876
655
63
591
25,220
3,489
21,729
14,559
6,839
332

8,089
103
5
97
7,986
1,087
6,902
4,903
1,927
71

34.7
22.4
16.1
26.7
35.6
34.8
35.7
36.2
35.5
25.6

40.6
38.4

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

90,289
49,765
40,524

4,114
1,786
2,328

13,361
3,950
9,411

72,814
44,029
28,785

46,264
24,753
21,511

26,550
19,276
7,274

38.6
41.9
34.6

43.2
44.8
40.8

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

10,424
5,177
5,247

887
356
531

1,003
340
663

8,534
4,481
4,053

6,786
3,324
3,461

1,748
1,157
592

37.2
39.0
35.4

40.8
41.8
39.6

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

37,066
5,489
14,039

1,011
312
904

1,226
253
2,953

34,829
4,924
10,182

19,441
2,850
6,704

15,388
2,074
3,478

43.4
42.3
36.5

44.9
44.7
43.2

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

26,395
9,291
11,554

1,488
723
739

6,110
1,084
3,132

18,797
7,484
7,683

14,541
5,552
5,781

4,256
1,932
1,902

34.5
37.3
33.2

40.3
41.2
40.9

O
38.9
40.7
40.7
40.7
40.7
40.5
40.8

RACE

MARITAL STATUS

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

34




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
November 1986
Average
hours,
Average
workers
hours,
on full49
total
41 to 48
time
hours
at work
hours
schedor more
ules

On full-time schedules
Occupation and sex

Total, 16 yeai.3 and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
1

Men, 16 years and over

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.




Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part
time

Total

40
hours
or less

103,679

5,157

14,713

83,809

54,738

10,543

18,527

38.5

43.0

26,328
12,460
13,867
33,776
3,253

532
165
367
1,314
70

2,421

23,374
11,715

2,827
1,417

13,195
17,328
14,223
896
1,667

683
561

13,424
6,364
7,060
18,174
1,994
4,958
11,222

7,124
3,934
3,189
4,970
445
3,312
1,213
1,356
75
358
924
2,538
2,539
421

41.5
43.5
39.7
37.1
38.6
38.7
35.5
33.1
25.6
42.0
32.4
41.1
39.3
40.0
41.9
35.3

44.3
45.0
43.7
42.1
41.8
45.7
39.6
41.9
45.0
44.8
41.2
43.0
42.9
42.0
45.7
41.7

581

1,841
6,255
436
2,870

11,659
26,206
2,747
9,642
13,817
8,663
334
1,488

1,141
380
294
467

2,949
4,032
425
136
3,471
489
1,517
351
370
796

56,300

2,200

4,356

14,804
7,734
7,071

203
89
114
228

665
205
460

11,660
13,018
16,334
7,554
4,446
4,333

11,844
1,674
6,806
3,364
5,600
27
1,463
4,109

1,529
137
43
1,349
641

6,841
11,889

13,676
6,823
3,783
3,070

6,426
218
935
5,274
7,591
9,124

1,410
3,062
308
1,372
1,382
881
41

196
644
1,760

4,902
2,003
2,219

2,013
1,035
547
431

49,743

28,811

6,762

14,170

41.7

44.5

13,935
7,439
6,496
10,467
1,537
6,009
2,922
4,059
12

6,993
3,488
3,505
5,594
1,041
2,492
2,061
2,792
9

1,666
881
785
1,435
171
895
370
457
2

5,277
3,070
2,207
3,438
325
2,623
491

46.1
46.7
45.4
45.4
42.6
47.9
41.6
43.4

1,337
2,710

10,992
10,290
4,134
3,563
2,592

810
1,974
6,926
6,506
2,811
1,848
1,847

183
272
1,652

670
1,186
375

44.5
45.7
43.2
42.3
40.7
44.5
38.6
36.8
(2)
43.2
34.6
41.3
40.1
41.4
42.9
35.4

887
1,232

12,116
4,433
4,048
3,635

39
389
568
765
150
237
378

1,149
121
675
353
1,105
7
87
1,011
375
1,062
148
248
665

47,379

2,957

10,357

34,066

25,927

3,781

4,357

34.7

40.6

11,524
4,727

329
76
253
1,087
54
561
473
1,092

1,756
375
1,380
5,106
314
2,196
2,595
2,927

9,439
4,276
5,163
15,739
1,210
3,633
10,896
4,604

6,431
2,875
3,555

1,161
536

1,847

625

12,580

953
2,466

1,627
137
477

982
1,532
121

9,161
3,634

1,012
424

129
3

419
49

321

960
72
377

2,460
114
455
203
121
131

37.7
40.0
36.1
34.2
36.4
32.5
34.8
30.6
25.5
32.9
31.1
38.2
37.0
38.2
31.8
34.6

41.8
41.9
41.6
39.9
40.6
42.0
39.1
40.7
45.2
39.1
40.4
41.7
40.8
40.6
42.5
40.9

11,935

6,797
21,931
1,579
6,389
13,964
8,623

869
203
7,551
1,083
4,218

3,122
398
698

16
123
89
437

9

229
58
90

1,553
654
528
371

151
4,131
897

209
125
3,300
665

3,387

2,618

109
460

2,689
220
478

2,091
155
372

381
20
60

-

39
13
372

810
1
344
465
2,414
2,231

865

689
723
546
73
14
459
123
309
217
45
46

(2)
45.4
42.4
43.1
43.6
42.8
45.9
41.9

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1985

1986

Employment status and sex
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

181,678
118,900
65.4
110,481
60.8
1,693
108,788
3,285
105,503
8,419
7.1
62,778

181,843
118,929
65.4
110,587
60.8
1,695
108,892
3,222
105,670
8,342
7.0
62,914

181,998
119,351
65.6
110,797
60.9
1,687
109,110
3,160
105,950
8,554
7.2
62,647

182,183
119,796
65.8
111,353
61.1
1,680
109,673
3,165
106,508
8,443
7.0
62,387

182,354
119,744
65.7
111,554
61.2
1,672
109,882
3,112
106,769
8,190
6.8
62,610

182,525
119,879
65.7
111,852
61.3
1,697
110,155
3,048
107,107
8,027
6.7
62,646

182,713
119,936
65.6
111,607
61.1
1,716
109,891
3,121
106,770
8,329
6.9
62,777

182,935
120,231
65.7
111,989
61.2
1,749
110,240
3,149
107,091
8,242
6.9
62,704

183,114
120,405
65.8
112,122
61.2
1,751
110,371
3,225
107,146
8,283
6.9
62,709

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

180,642 180,810 181,361 181,512
117,832 117,927 118,477 118,779
65.2
65.3
65.4
65.2
109,671 109,904 110,646 110,252
60.8
61.0
60.7
60.7
1,698 1,691 1,691
1,702
107,969 108,206 108,955 108,561
3,070 3,151 3,299 3,096
104,899 105,055 105,655 105,465
8,161 8,023 7,831 8,527
6.8
6.6
7.2
6.9
62,810 62,883 62,885 62,733

Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

86,374 86,459 86,882
66,176 66,139 66,679
76.7
76.6
76.5
61,731 61,793 62,458
71.5
71.9
71.5
1,552 1,549 1,539
60,179 60,244 60,919
4,445 4,346 4,221
6.7
6.6
6.3
20,198 20,320 20,203

86,954 87,035 87,120
66,838 66,864 66,757
76.6
76.9
76.8
62,243 62,288 62,254
71.6
71.6
71.5
1,539 1,540 1,541
60,704 60,748 60,713
4,595 4,577 4,503
6.7
6.9
6.8
20,116 20,171 20,363

87,195 87,288 87,373
66,943 66,964 66,936
76.8
76.7
76.6
62,190 62,322 62,365
71.4
71.3
71.4
1,533
1,525 1,518
60,657 60,797 60,847
4,754 4,642 4,571
7.1
6.9
6.8
20,252 20,324 20,437

87,460 87,556 87,682 87,773
66,944 67,094 67,132 67,394
76.5
76.8
76.6
76.6
62,515 62,483 62,553 62,801
71.5
71.4
71.5
71.3
1,541
1,560 1,590 1,592
60,974 60,923 60,963 61,209
4,429 4,611 4,578 4,592
6.8
6.6
6.9
6.8
20,516 20,462 20,550 20,379

Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

94,266 94,351 94,479 94,558
51,655 51,788 51,797 51,941
54.9
54.8
54.9
54.8
47,939 48,111 48,187 48,009
51.0
50.8
50.9
51.0
152
152
149
149
47,790 47,962 48,035 47,857
3,716 3,677 3,610 3,932
7.2
7.1
7.0
7.6
42,611 42,563 42,682 42,617

1
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
4
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident

36




94,643 94,723 94,803
52,036 52,172 52,408
55.3
55.1
55.0
48,194 48,333 48,608
51.3
51.0
50.9
154
154
153
48,041 48,179 48,454
3,842 3,839 3,800
7.3
7.4
7.4
42,607 42,551 42,395

94,895
52,832
55.7
49,031
51.7
155
48,876
3,801
7.2
42,063

95,341
53,011
55.6
49,321
51.7
159
49,162
3,690
7.0
42,173 42,130 42,314 42,154 42,330

94,981 95,065 95,156 95,253
52,808 52,935 52,842 53,099
55.7
55.6
55.5
55.7
49,189 49,337 49,125 49,436
51.9
51.6
51.9
51.8
156
156
159
154
49,035 49,181 48,969 49,277
3,619 3,598 3,717 3,663
6.9
6.9
6.8
7.0

Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1985
Nov.

Dec.

1986

Jan.

Feb. Mar. Apr. May June

July

Aug. Sept. Oct.

Nov.

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men,

178,940 179,112 179,670 179,821 179,985 180,148 180,311 180,503 180,682 180,828 180,997 181,186 181,363
116,130 116,229 116,786 117,088 117,207 117,234 117,664 118,116 118,072 118,182 118,220 118,482 118,654
65.4
65.4
65.3
65.0
64.9
65.4
65.4
65.1
65.1
65.1
65.3
65.3
64.9
107,969 108,206 108,955 108,561 108,788 108,892 109,110 109,673 109,882 110,155 109,891 110,240 110,371
60.8
60.8
60.6
60.4
60.4
60.4
60.9
60.4
60.7
60.9
60.8
60.5
60.3
8,161 8,023 7,831 8,527 8,419 8,342 8,554 8,443 8,190 8,027 8,329 8,242 8,283
7.0
6.9
6.7
6.9
7.1
7.2
7.0
7.1
7.3
7.0
7.3
7.0
6.8

20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

77,566 77,651 78,101
60,553 60,548 61,212
78.4
78.0
78.1
56,897 56,982 57,706
73.9
73.4
73.4
2,210 2,278 2,349
54,687 54,704 55,356
3,656 3,566 3,507
5.7
5.9
6.0
17,013 17,103 16,889

78,387 78,484 78,586
61,208 61,387 61,323
78.0
78.2
78.1
57,312 57,560 57,499
73.2
73.3
73.1
2,278 2,320 2,266
55,034 55,241 55,233
3,663 3,897 3,827 3,824
6.4
6.2
6.2
6.0
17,256 17,179 17,097 17,263

78,171 78,236 78,309
61,053
78.0
57,391
73.3
2,347
55,043

61,183 61,268
78.3
78.3
57,384 57,459
73.4
73.4
2,258 2,411
55,127 55,048
3,799 3,809
6.2
6.2
16,988 16,968

78,634
61,235
77.9
57,607
73.3
2,173
55,435
3,628
5.9
17,399

78,722 78,802 78,874
61,345 61,391 61,672
78.2
77.9
77.9
57,547 57,559 57,833
73.3
73.0
73.1
2,272 2,288 2,300
55,275 55,271 55,533
3,798 3,831 3,839
6.2
6.2
6.2
17,377 17,411 17,202

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

86,901 86,988 87,112 87,185 87,263 87,355
47,713 47,870 47,895 47,921 47,952 48,107
55.0
55.1
55.0
55.0
55.0
54.9
44,656 44,882 44,980 44,710 44,797 45,009
51.3
51.6
51.5
51.3
51.6
51.4
598
696
576
593
597
591
44,065 44,285 44,284 44,117 44,199 44,433
3,057 2,988 2,915 3,211 3,155 3,097
6.4
6.1
6.6
6.7
6.2
6.4

87,444 87,547 87,629 87,689 87,779 87,856 87,933
48,409 48,805 48,916 48,989 48,922 49,061 49,038
55.8
55.4
55.8
55.8
55.7
55.9
55.7

45,284 45,701 45,918 45,999 45,879 46,062 46,059
51.8
52.4
52.4
52.3
52.5
52.4
52.2
609
690
605
610
627
608
565
44,675 45,136 45,309 45,372 45,269 45,457 45,368
3,125 3,104 2,998 2,990 3,042 2,999 2,979
6.1
6.1
6.4
6.2
6.1
6.1
6.5
39,188 39,118 39,217 39,264 39,311 39,248 39,035 38,742 38,713 38,700 38,858 38,795 38,895

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14,472 14,474 14,458 14,465 14,485 14,484 14,480 14,472 14,467 14,505 14,496 14,527 14,557
7,864 7,811 7,678 7,984 7,987 8,074 8,047 7,923 7,833 7,958 7,953 8,030 7,944
54.6
55.3
54.1
54.7
54.9
54.9
55.6
55.7
55.1
55.2
53.1
54.0
54.3
6,416 6,342 6,269 6,467 6,532 6,492 6,515 6,411 6,465 6,549 6,465 6,619 6,480
44.5
45.6
44.7
44.6
45.2
44.3
45.0
44.8
45.1
44.7
43.4
43.8
44.3
235
256
238
239
249
280
274
298
276
246
254
276
269
6,147 6,066 6,015 6,221 6,256 6,194 6,241 6,131 6,227 6,300 6,226 6,363 6,245
1,448 1,469 1,409 1,517 1,455 1,582 1,532 1,512 1,368 1,409 1,488 1,411 1,464
18.4
17.5
17.6
18.7
17.7
19.1
19.0
19.6
18.2
19.0
18.4
18.8
18.4
6,498 6,410 6,433 6,549 6,634 6,547 6,543 6,497 6,613
6,608 6,663 6,780 6,481

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional




population.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1985

1986

Nov. Dec,

Jan.

Feb. Mar. Apr. May June

July

Aug. Sept. Oct.

Nov.

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men,

154,203 154,327 154,784 154,889 155,005 155,122 155,236 155,376 155,502 155,604 155,723 55,856 55,979
100,478 100,533 100,961 101,232 101,248 101,249 101,515 101,975 101,922 102,189 102,127 02,326 02,468
65.7
65.7
65.7
65.6
65.4
65.3
65.3
65.4
65.2
65.6
65.5
65.2
65.1
94,507 94,585 95,165 94,803 94,958 95,081 95,180 95,731 95,760 96,271 95,953 96,158 96,249
61.7
61.7
61.3
61.3
61.2
61.5
61.3
61.3
61.6
61.9
61.6
61.6
61.3
6,219
6,169
6,168
6,290
5,948 5,796 6,429
5,971
6,174
5,918
6,162
6,244
6,335
6.2
6.4
5.7
6.0
6.2
5.9
5.9
6.1
6.0
5.8
6.0
6.1
6.1

20 years and over

Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

53,125 53,097 53,603 53,598 53,613 53,504 53,548 53,674 53,528 53,571 53,669 53,724 54,044
78.4
78.7
78.3
78.4
78.6
78.7
78.4
78.2
78.2
78.5
78.6
78.5
78.3
50,380 50,408 50,944 50,691 50,665 50,717 50,588 50,789 50,599 50,870 50,798 50,801 51,112
74.4
74.3
74.3
74.4
74.0
74.1
73.9
74.3
7 A.I
74.4
74.8
74.5
74.3
2,932
2,884
2,948 2,786 2,960
2,872 2,923
2,906
2,659
2,745 2,689
2,701
2,929
5.2
5.5
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.5
5.4
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.0
5.5

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

40,538 40,659 40,691 40,698 40,750 40,808 41,040 41,511 41,646 41,705 41,555 41,616 41,502
54.4
54.4
54.4
54.7
54.4
54.4
55.0
55.2
55.4
55.4
55.3
54.3
55.2
38,366 38,475 38,546 38,298 38,407 38,566 38,775 39,249 39,424 39,538 39,366 39,445 39,342
51.4
51.3
52.4
51.7
51.5
51.4
52.2
52.4
52.6
52.3
51.1
51.5
52.3
2,343 2,242 2,265 2,262 2,222 2,167
2,145
2,159
2,171
2,401
2,184
2,172
2,189
5.5
5.8
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.9
5.3
5.4
5.4
5.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,815
57.4
5,761
48.6
1,054
15.5
15.8
15.1

6,777
57.1
5,702
48.1
1,075
15.9
16.2
15.5

6,667
56.2
5,675
47.8
992
14.9
14.7
15.1

6,936
58.5
5,814
49.0
1,122
16.2
16.5
15.8

6,885
58.1
5,886
49.6
999
14.5
15.3
13.7

6,937
58.4
5,797
48.8
1,140
16.4
17.2
15.6

6,927
58.3
5,817
49.0
1,110
16.0
17.3
14.7

6,790
57.2
5,693
47.9
1,097
16.2
17.8
14.4

6,748
56.8
5,737
48.3
1,011
15.0
15.3
14.7

6,914
58.2
5,864
49.3
1,050
15.2
16.7
13.5

6,903
58.1
5,790
48.7
1,113
16.1
17.0
15.2

6,986
58.7
5,911
49.7
1,075
15.4
15.4
15.4

6,922
58.2
5,795
48.7
1,127
16.3
16.3
16.3

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..,
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men,

19,790 19,819 19,837 19,863 19,889 19,916 19,943 19,974 20,002 20,028 20,056 20,089 20,120
12,457 12,522 12,548 12,545 12,656 12,740 12,781 12,754 12,601 12,473 12,630 12,732 12,720
63.4
63.2
63.0
62.3
63.0
63.9
64.1
64.0
63.6
63.2
63.2
62.9
63.3
10,518 10,657 10,737 10,690 10,791 10,856 10,889 10,825 10,836 10,654 10,757 10,893 10,899
54.2
54.2
53.6
53.2
54.2
54.6
54.2
54.5
54.3
53.8
54.1
53.8
53.1
1,838
1,820
1,873
1,819
1,929
1,892
1,766
1,884
1,865
1,855
1,810
1,865
1,939
14.4
14.3
14.8
14.6
14.0
15.1
14.8
14.8
14.7
14.8
14.4
14.9
15.6

20 years and over

Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,772
74.1
4,983
63.9
789
13.7

5,797
74.2
5,035
64.5
762
13.1

5,887
75.1
5,142
65.6
745
12.7

5,858
74.6
5,081
64.7
778
13.3

5,913
75.2
5,169
65.7
744
12.6

5,916
75.1
5,170
65.7
746
12.6

5,956
75.5
5,199
65.9
757
12.7

5,968
75.5
5,171
65.4
796
13.3

5,951
75.2
5,194
65.6
757
12.7

5,855
73.9
5,080
64.1
775
13.2

5,895
74.3
5,089
64.1
806
13.7

5,931
74.6
5,131
64.5
800
13.5

5,924
74.4
5,147
64.7
777
13.1

5,810
59.0
5,017
50.9
793
13.6

5,835
59.2
5,102
51.7
733
12.6

5,762
58.4
5,074
51.5
689
12.0

5,776
58.5
5,054
51.
722
12.5

5,791
58.5
5,087
51.4
704
12.

5,875
59.3
5,140
51.9
735
12.5

5,897
59.4
5,141
51.8
756
12.8

5,834
58.7
5,085
51.;
749
12.8

5,840
58.7
5,144
51.7
696
11.9

5,821
58.4
5,092
51.1
728
12.5

5,865
58.7
5,132
51.4
733
12.5

5,920
59.2
5,189
51.9
73;
12.4

5,963
59.5
5,212
52.0
752
12.6

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.

38



HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1985
Nov.

1986
Jan.

Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

890
41.5
520
24.2
370
41.6
41.0
42.3

875
40.7
518
24.1
357
40.8
45.2
36.0

898
42.0
522
24.4
376
41.9
41.3
42.4

911
42.6
555
26.0
356
39.1
38.7
39.5

951
44.5
535
25.1
416
43.7
44.1
43.4

949
44.4
545
25.5
404
42.6
41.4
43.8

928
43.5
549
25.7
379
40.8
40.8
40.8

952
44.6
569
26.7
383
40.2
38.5
41.9

810
38.0
497
23.3
313
38.6
41.6
35.1

797
37.3
482
22.6
315
39.5
37.4
41.8

871
40.7
537
25.1
334
38.3
38.9
37.8

881
41.1
574
26.8
307
34.8
38.1
31.6

832
38.8
540
25.2
292
35.1
34.2
36.0

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

12,075 12,111 12,148 12,184 12,219 12,255 12,290 12,326 12,362 12,397 12,432 12,469 12,505
7,782 7,772 7,787 7,943 7,920 7,975 8,002 8,110 8,123 8,102 8,170 8,210 8,244
65.4
65.7
65.7
65.8
64.1
65.2
65.1
65.8
64.4
64.2
64.8
65.1
65.9
6,953 6,962 6,998 6,969 7,105 7,144 7,123 7,251 7,274 7,213 7,264 7,351 7,461
58.0
58.8
58.2
58.4
57.6
58.2
58.8
59.0
57.6
57.5
57.2
58.3
59.7
878
849
889
906
789
832
858
858
829
810
974
815
783
10.4
11.0
11.0
11.1
10.7
10.4
10.1
10.6
10.5
10.5
12.3
10.3
9.5

1

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
2

A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1985

1986

Category
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

CHARACTERISTIC

Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

107,969 108,206 108,955 108,561 108,788 108,892 109,110 109,673 109,882 110,155 109,891 110,240 110,371
39,314 39,278 39,615 39,382 39,365 39,555 39,614 39,626 39,611 39,716 39,623 39,668 39,979
26,721 26,804 26,958 26,593 26,656 26,802 26,920 27,427 27,523 27,438 27,203 27,330 27,326
5,605 5,693 5,702 5,733 5,771 5,812 5,718 5,668 5,829 5,826 5,927 6,056 6,062

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF
WORKER

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,537

1,572
1,409

1,673
1,492

1,519

1,361

158

164

163

156

96,676
16,157
80,519
1,197
79,322
8,013
249

96,921
16,194
80,727
1,131
79,596
7,903
250

97,911
16,418
81,494
1,256
80,238
7,655
273

97,516
16,104
81,412
1,197
80,216

1,689
1,453
172

1,587
1,475
180

1,486
186

97,698
16,095
81,604
1,213
80,390
7,669
7,644
270
240

97,831
16,187
81,643
1,321
80,322
7,571
253

97,994
16,325
81,669
1,275
80,394
7,757
229

1,444

1,480

1,486
1,427
171

1,469
1,379
178

1,501

1,562

1,472

1,458

157

159

98,372 98,206
16,387 16,647
81,984 81,559
1,279
1,243
80,705 80,317
7,807
8,081
235
254

98,667
16,479
82,188

98,738
16,307
82,432
1,234
81,198
7,927
277

98,864
16,243
82,621
1,216
81,405

98,812
16,487
82,325

7,996
262

8,210
253

1,498
1,504

154

1,261
80,927
7,982
282

1,599
1,427
213

1,168
81,157

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,377 5,538 5,923 5,980 5,537 5,399 5,443 5,544 5,772 5,553
2,369 2,330 2,603 2,659 2,434 2,484 2,411 2,496 2,524 2,523
2,703 2,953 2,974 2,893 2,810 2,624 2,711 2,764 2,847 2,674
13,645 13,556 13,958 13,817 13,754 13,933 13,638 14,268 13,991 14,023 13,860 14,257 14,021
5,498
2,306
2,883

5,494
2,303
2,864

5,295
2,196

5,294
2,195
2,760

5,543
2,364
2,883

5,275 5,158 5,301 5,621 5,673 5,320 5,191 5,259 5,298 5,501 5,309
2,208 2,224 2,159 2,430 2,523 2,308 2,323 2,286 2,327 2,334 2,383
2,784
2,776 2,636 2,861 2,849 2,790 2,724 2,579 2,660 2,712 2,759 2,579
13,194 13,122 13,441 13,369 13,285 13,599 13,191 13,779 13,656 13,683 13,468 13,811 13,540

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey.




period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1985

1986

Sex and age
Nov.
Total, 16 years and over ...

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Apr.

Mar.

May

July

June

Sept.

Aug.

Oct.

Nov.

107,969 108,206 108,955 108,561 108,788 108,892 109,110 109,673 109,882 110,155 109,891 110,240 110,371
20,308 20,303 20,235 20,501
6,416 6,342 6,269 6,467
2,487 2,466 2,460 2,557
3,910 3,887 3,857 3,920
13,892 13,961 13,966 14,034
87,665 87,877 88,684 88,007
73,384 73,668 74,373 73,922
14,297 14,248 14,360 14,085

20,512
6,532
2,685
3,889
13,980
88,315
74,079
14,151

20,309 20,213 20,242 20,244 20,302 20,137
6,492 6,515 6,411 6,465 6,549 6,465
2,649 2,626 2,614 2,593 2,569 2,685
3,828 3,876 3,818 3,807 3,940 3,788
13,817 13,698 13,831 13,779 13,753 13,672
88,639 88,876 89,428 89,721 89,873 89,755
74,364 74,428 74,882 75,252 75,396 75,551
14,250 14,379 14,567 14,493 14,467 14,236

20,292 20,235
6,619 6,480
2,735 2,623
3,907 3,858
13,673 13,756
89,880 90,203
75,749 75,846
14,184 14,335

60,179 60,244 60,919 60,704 60,748 60,713 60,657 60,797 60,847 60,974 60,923 60,963 61,209
10,590 10,584 10,635 10,766 10,701 10,585 10,492 10,463 10,602 10,570 10,529 10,627 10,580
3,282 3,262 3,214 3,320 3,288 3,322 3,345 3,236 3,348 3,367 3,376 3,404 3,376
1,308 1,289 1,249 1,323 1,372 1,368 1,380 1,350 1,357 1,305 1,423 1,402 1,340
1,984 1,996 2,018 1,929 1,956 1,955 1,895 1,970 2,023 1,963 2,024 2,037
1,957
7,308 7,322 7,421 7,446 7,413 7,262 7,147 7,227 7,255 7,203 7,154 7,223 7,204
49,596 49,636 50,296 49,905 50,058 50,216 50,165 50,289 50,284 50,410 50,389 50,291 50,693
41,144 41,244 41,786 41,588 41,642 41,751 41,648 41,835 41,863 42,037 42,113 42,036 42,244
8,461 8,424 8,522 8,326 8,361 8,436 8,501 8,462 8,408 8,339 8,291 8,309 8,424
47,790 47,962 48,035 47,857 48,041 48,179 48,454 48,876 49,035 49,181 48,969 49,277 49,162
9,718 9,719 9,599 9,736 9,810 9,724 9,721 9,779 9,642 9,732 9,607 9,665 9,655
3,134 3,080 3,055 3,147 3,244 3,170 3,170 3,175 3,117 3,182 3,089 3,215 3,103
1,179 1,177 1,211 1,234 1,313 1,281 1,246 1,264 1,236 1,264 1,262 1,333 1,283
1,953 1,903 1,861 1,902 1,960 1,872 1,921 1,923 1,837 1,917 1,825 1,883 1,821
6,584 6,639 6,545 6,589 6,567 6,555 6,552 6,604 6,524 6,550 6,518 6,450 6,552
38,069 38,241 38,388 38,102 38,257 38,423 38,711 39,139 39,437 39,463 39,366 39,589 39,511
32,240 32,424 32,587 32,334 32,437 32,613 32,780 33,047 33,389 33,359 33,438 33,713 33,602
5,836 5,824 5,838 5,760 5,789 5,814 5,878 6,104 6,086 6,129 5,945 5,875 5,912

A-37. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1985

1986

Sex and age
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years

18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

8,161

8,023

7,831

8,527

8,419

8,342

8,554

8,443

8,190

8,027

8,329

8,242

8,283

3,170
1,448
678
795
1,722
4,987
4,384
570

3,123
1,469
660
822
1,654
4,890
4,301
573

3,030
1,409
650
754
1,621
4,808
4,248
576

3,222
1,517
711
813
1,705
5,309
4,666
650

3,109
1,455
645
801
1,654
5,300
4,671
638

3,266
1,582
698
894
1,684
5,101
4,557
576

3,339
1,532
702
824
1,807
5,188
4,672
545

3,172
1,512
680
830
1,660
5,303
4,728
560

3,036
1,368
625
711
1,668
5,153
4,615
573

2,971
1,409
627
785
1,562
5,059
4,496
554

3,213
1,488
685
796
1,725
5,145
4,502
602

3,001
1,411
645
763
1,590
5,224
4,623
620

3,007
1,464
709
771
1,543
5,265
4,665
579

4,445

4,346

4,221

4,595

4,577

4,503

4,754

4,642

4,571

4,429

4,611

4,578

4,592

1,710
789
345
449
921
2,736
2,359
353

1,649
780
355
435
869
2,694
2,339
339

1,568
714
331
387
854
2,660
2,330
345

1,688
796
399
403
892
2,909
2,533
386

1,683
768
342
418
915
2,886
2,508
373

1,792
840
367
480
952
2,733
2,415

1,850
857
380
478
993
2,865
2,553
335

1,705
815
325
487
890
2,945
2,590
362

1,658
747
340
378
911
2,908
2,592
344

1,626
801
347
447
825
2,803
2,440
355

1,792
813
398
413
979
2,838
2,441
369

1,584
747
344
406
837
2,976
2,584
397

1,626
753
374
379
873
2,954
2,585
364

3,716

3,677

3,610

3,932

3,842

3,800

3,801

3,619

3,598

3,717

3,663

3,690

1,489
675
32;
346
814
2,322
2,119
209

1,467
697
355
343
770
2,358
2,138
198

1,378
621
285
333
757
2,246
2,023
229

1,344
608
280
338
736
2,256
2,056
199

1,421
675
287
383
746
2,308
2,061
23;

1,417
664
301
357
753
2,249
2,039
223

1,381
711
335
392
670
2,311
2,080
215

June

344

Women, 16 years and over

3,839

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years

55 years and over

40




1,460
659
333
346
801
2,251
2,025
217

1,474
689
305
387
785
2,196
1,962
234

1,462
695
319
367
767
2,148
1,918
231

1,534
721
312
410
813
2,400
2,133
264

1,427
687
303
383
740
2,414
2,163
264

1,473
74;
331
414
731
2,368
2,143
23;

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1986

1985
Sex and age
Total 16 vears and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 vears
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 vears
25 years and over
25 to 54 vears
55 years and over
Men 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 vears
18 to 19 vsars
20 to 24 vears
25 vears and over
25 to 54 vears
55 vsars and ov©r
Women 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 vears
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 vears
P5 vsars and ovGr
25 to 54 vears
55 v©ars and ovor

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

7.0

6.9

6.7

7.3

7.2

7.1

7.3

7.1

6.9

6.8

7.0

7.0

7.0

13.5
184
21.4
16.9
11.0
5.4
5.6
3.8

13.3
18.8
21.1
17.5
10.6
5.3
5.5
3.9

13.0
18.4
20.9
16.4
10.4
5.1
5.4
3.9

13.6
19.0
21.8
17.2
10.8
5.7
5.9
4.4

13.2
18.2
19.4
17.1
10.6
5.7
5.9
4.3

13.9
19.6
20.9
18.9
10.9
5.4
5.8
3.9

14.2
19.0
21.1
17.5
11.7
5.5
5.9
3.6

13.5
19.1
20.6
17.9
10.7
5.6
5.9
3.7

13.0
17.5
19.4
15.7
10.8
5.4
5.8
3.8

12.8
17.7
19.6
16.6
10.2
5.3
5.6
3.7

13.8
18.7
20.3
17.4
11.2
5.4
5.6
4.1

12.9
17.6
19.1
16.3
10.4
5.5
5.8
4.2

12.9
18.4
21.3
16.7
10.1
5.5
5.8
3.9

6.9

6.7

6.5

7.0

7.0

6.9

7.3

7.1

7.0

6.8

7.0

7.0

7.0

13.9
19.4
20.9
18.7
11.2
5.2
5.4
4.0

13.5
19.3
21.6
18.0
10.6
5.1
5.4
3.9

12.8
18.2
20.9
16.2
10.3
5.0
5.3
3.9

13.6
19.3
23.2
16.6
10.7
5.5
5.7
4.4

13.6
18.9
20.0
17.8
11.0
5.5
5.7
4.3

14.5
20.2
21.2
19.7
11.6
5.2
5.5
3.9

15.0
20.4
21.6
19.6
12.2
5.4
5.8
3.8

14.0
20.1
19.4
20.4
11.0
5.5
5.8
4.1

13.5
18.2
20.0
16.1
11.2
5.5
5.8
3.9

13.3
19.2
21.0
18.1
10.3
5.3
5.5
4.1

14.5
19.4
21.9
17.4
12.0
5.3
5.5
4.3

13.0
18.0
19.7
16.7
10.4
5.6
5.8
4.6

13.3
18.2
21.8
15.7
10.8
5.5
5.8
4.1

7.2

7.1

7.0

7.6

7.4

7.4

7.3

7.2

6.9

6.8

7.1

6.9

7.0

13.1
17.4
22.0
15.1
10.8
5.6
5.9
3.6

13.2
18.3
20.6
16.9
10.6
5.4
5.7
3.9

13.2
18.5
20.8
16.5
10.5
5.3
5.6
3.8

13.6
18.6
20.2
17.7
11.0
5.9
6.2
4.4

12.7
17.5
18.8
16.3
10.1
5.9
6.3
4.4

13.2
19.0
20.5
18.1
10.0
5.8
6.2
3.8

13.3
17.6
20.5
15.3
11.1
5.7
6.1
3.4

13.0
18.0
21.9
15.1
10.4
5.7
6.1
3.1

12.5
16.6
18.7
15.3
10.4
5.4
5.7
3.6

12.1
16.0
18.1
15.0
10.1
5.4
5.8
3.1

12.9
17.9
18.5
17.3
10.3
5.5
5.8
3.8

12.8
17.1
18.4
15.9
10.5
5.4
5.7
3.7

12.5
18.6
20.7
17.7
9.3
5.5
5.8
3.5

A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1985

1986

Category
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

7.0
6.0
6.4
18.4

6.9
5.9
6.2
18.8

6.7
5.7
6.1
18.4

7.3
6.2
6.7
19.0

7.2
6.2
6.6
18.2

7.1
6.0
6.4

7.1
6.2
6.4
19.1

6.9
6.2

6.8
5.9

19.6

7.3
6.4
6.5
19.0

6.1
17.5

6.1
17.7

7.0
6.2
6.2
18.7

7.0
6.2
6.1
17.6

7.0
6.2
6.1
18.4

White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin

5.9
14.1
15.6
10.7

5.9
13.4
14.9
10.4

5.7
12.8
14.4
10.1

6.4
13.3
14.8
12.3

6.2
13.3
14.7
10.3

6.1
13.6
14.8
10.4

6.2
13.6
14.8
11.0

6.1
13.7
15.1
10.6

6.0
12.6
14.0
10.5

5.8
13.1
14.6
11.0

6.0
13.3
14.8
11.1

6.0
12.8
14.4
10.5

6.1
12.8
14.3

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

4.3
5.5
10.0

4.3
5.3
9.4

4.3
5.1
9.9

4.5
5.5
9.9

4.5
5.6
10.1

4.2
5.3
9.4

4.5
5.4
10.2

4.5
5.2
10.1

4.4
5.3
9.2

4.1
5.1
10.3

4.2
5.0
10.1

4.6
5.0
8.8

4.5
5.0
9.8

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

6.7
8.8
1.9
7.9

6.6
9.0
1.9
7.8

6.4
8.4
1.8
7.6

6.9
9.4
2.0
8.1

6.9
9.1
1.9
8.1

6.7
9.6
1.8
8.1

7.0
9.2
1.9
8.3

6.7
9.1
2.0
8.1

6.6
9.0
1.9
7.7

6.4
9.3
1.9
7.7

6.7
9.3
2.0
8.0

6.6
9.2
1.8
7.9

6.6
9.2
1.9
7.8

7.0
7.3
13.4
7.7
7.6
7.8
5.1
7.5
5.4

6.9
10.3
12.6
7.3
7.3
7.3
5.0
7.6
5.3
10.6

6.7
10.9
12.9
7.0
7.0
7.1
4.3
7.2
5.2
10.9

7.2
9.2

7.2
10.4
13.0
7.2

7.2
12.8
12.0
6.8
6.8
6.8
5.6

7.3
13.7
13.3
7.5
7.3

7.1
17.6
12.1
7.3

7.2
17.0
13.2

6.9
16.7

7.8
5.7

12.2
6.8
6.9
6.7
4.6
7.4
5.7

7.0
13.3
12.7
7.0
6.5
7.8
4.7
7.6
5.6

11.6

13.8

13.5

7.0
14.4
14.1
7.3
7.3
7.3
5.2
7.4
5.3
11.7

7.0
15.3
15.3
7.2
6.6
8.1
4.2
7.1
5.4
9.5

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

9.5

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
2

12.5

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time




13.2
7.2
7.4
7.0
5.3
7.8
5.9

14.3

6.8
7.7

6.1
7.6
5.7
11.9

8.1

5.9
13.4

7.7
5.3
8.1
5.5
15.8

7.1
7.5
5.5
7.7
5.4
13.2

6.9
6.7
7.2
6.1

for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1985

1986

Weeks of unemployment
Nov.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

3,465
2,448
2,205
894
1,311

3,374
2,460
2,188
973
1,215

3,311
2,441
2,056
969
1,087

3,562
2,622
2,340
1,149
1,191

3,589
2,640
2,258
1,099
1,159

3,628
2,685
2,135
1,001
1,134

3,705
2,737
2,209
1,072
1,137

3,384
2,708
2,320
1,036
1,284

3,394
2,486
2,256
1,066
1,190

3,427
2,379
2,295
1,086
1,209

3,407
2,533
2,405
1,114
1,291

3,418
2,584
2,167
929
1,238

3,372
2,634
2,216
1,021
1,195

15.7
6.9

15.4
6.9

14.9
6.8

15.3
6.9

14.4
6.8

14.3
6.5

14.4
6.6

15.2
7.3

15.0
7.1

15.8
7.2

15.6
7.2

15.2
7.0

14.8
7.0

100.0
42.7
30.2
27.2
11.0
16.1

100.0
42.1
30.7
27.3
12.1
15.1

100.0
42.4
31.3
26.3
12.4
13.9

100.0
41.8
30.8
27.5
13.5
14.0

100.0
42.3
31.1
26.6
13.0
13.7

100.0
42.9
31.8
25.3
11.9
13.4

100.0
42.8
31.6
25.5
12.4
13.1

100.0
40.2
32.2
27.6
12.3
15.3

100.0
41.7
30.6
27.7
13.1
14.6

100.0
42.3
29.4
28.3
13.4
14.9

100.0
40.8
30.4
28.8
13.4
15.5

100.0
41.8
31.6
26.5
11.4
15.2

100.0
41.0
32.0
26.9
12.4
14.5

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1986

1985
Reasons for unemployment

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

4,081
1,175
2,906
808
2,226
1,055

3,933
1,132
2,801
876
2,225
1,033

3,776
1,163
2,613
996
2,066
1,025

4,162
1,152
3,010
1,001
2,292
1,097

4,246
1,164
3,082
1,002
2,197
1,000

4,034
1,028
3,006
1,110
2,191
1,059

4,311
1,133
3,178
975
2,217
1,062

4,335
1,066
3,269
1,013
2,064
1,059

3,937
1,079
2,858
1,034
2,223
965

3,831
990
2,841
978
2,232
1,000

4,044
1,014
3,030
1,043
2,118
1,044

3,979
1,082
2,897
997
2,223
955

3,959
1,084
2,876
1,072
2,124
1,103

100.0
50.0
14.4
35.6
9.9
27.2
12.9

100.0
48.8
14.0
34.7
10.9
27.6
12.8

100.0
48.0
14.8
33.2
12.7
26.3
13.0

100.0
48.7
13.5
35.2
11.7
26.8
12.8

100.0
50.3
13.8
36.5
11.9
26.0
11.8

100.0
48.1
12.2
35.8
13.2
26.1
12.6

100.0
50.3
13.2
37.1
11.4
25.9
12.4

100.0
51.2
12.6
38.6
12.0
24.4
12.5

100.0
48.3
13.2
35.0
12.7
27.2
11.8

100.0
47.6
12.3
35.3
12.2
27.8
12.4

100.0
49.0
12.3
36.7
12.6
25.7
12.7

100.0
48.8
13.3
35.5
12.2
27.3
11.7

100.0
47.9
13.1
34.8
13.0
25.7
13.4

3.5
.7
1.9
.9

3.4
.8
1.9
.9

3.2
.9
1.8
.9

3.6
.9
2.0
.9

3.6
.9
1.9
.9

3.4
.9
1.9
.9

3.7
.8
1.9
.9

3.7
.9
1.7
.9

3.3
.9
1.9
.8

3.2
.8
1.9
.8

3.4
.9
1.8
.9

3.4
.8
1.9
.8

3.3
.9
1.8
.9

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On lavoff
Other iob losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemoloved
Job losers
On lavoff
Other iob losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

42




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1934 to date
(In thousands)
Goods-producing
Year
and
month

Total

Total
private

Total

Mining

Construction

Service-producing

Manufacturing

Total

Transportation
and
public
utilities

Wholesale
trade

Retail
trade

Finance,
insurance,
Services
and
real
estate

Government

Federal

State

Local

Annual averages
1934
1935

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

652
753
826
833
829
905

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

4,914
5,251
5,212
5,160
5,214
5,365
6,084
6,485
6,667
6,662

,485
,525
1,509
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828

3,665
3,905
4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,240

996
1,340
2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908

(1)
(1)
(1)

2,635
2,727
2,812
2,854
2,867
2,926
3,018
3,028
2,980
3,082

6,751
7,015
7,192
7,393
7,368
7,610
7,840
7,858
7,770
8,045

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,357
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,250
1,328
1,415
1,484

3,819
4,071
4,232
4,366

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

3,143
3,133
3,198
3,248
3,337
3,466
3,597
3,689
3,779
3,907

8,248
8,204
8,368
8,530
8,823
9,250
9,648
9,917
10,320
10,798

2,629
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378
7,620
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758

1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533

4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904

47,302
48,278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

3,993
4,001
4,113
4,277
4,433
4,415
4,546
4,708
4,969
5,204

11,047
11,351
11,836
12,329
12,554
12,645
13,209
13,808
14,573
14,989

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975

11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,55.1
15,303
16,252
17,112

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773

2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541

7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633

64,748
65,659
65,753
66,866
69,769
72,684

5,146
5,165
5,082
4,954
5,159
5,242

5,275
5,358
5,278
5,268
5,555
5,740

15,035
15,189
15,179
15,613
16,545
17,360

5,160
5,298
5,341
5,468
5,689
5,953

17,890
18,619
19,036
19,694
20,797
21,974

2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875

3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,848

9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,692

10,261
10,893
11,933
12,936
11,401
12,297

883
897
946
1,015
891
854

877
927
1,160
1,127
1,070
1,165

8,501
9,069
9,827
10,794
9,440
10,278

15,679
16,146
17,135
18,075
17,793
18,306

2,750
2,786
2,973
3,134
2,863
2,936

1947
1948
1949

32,361
36,539
40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

28,159
31,877
34,624
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

13,221
15,963
18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

925
957
992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930

1,311
1,814
2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194

10,985
13,192
15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

19,140
20,574
21,636
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189

3,038
3,274
3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

1,835
1,960
1,906
1,822
1,845
1,949
2,291
2,471
2,605
2,602

1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
19592

45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186

18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411

901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675

26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

1960

54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384

45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189

20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023

1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985

90,406
91,156
89,566
90,200
94,496
97,614

74,166
75,126
73,729
74,330
78,472
81,199

25,658
25,497
23,813
23,334
24,727
24,930

1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
930

4,346
4,188
3,905
3,948
4,383
4,687

20,285
20,170
18,781
18,434
19,378
19,314

1937

1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944

1945
1946

1961
1962
1963
1964

1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973

1974

o1
(1)
()
o

3,045
3,128
3,312
3,503
3,458
3,502

22,641
23,558
25,400
27,255
25,311
26,608

1936

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

,304
,320
,373
,417
,410
,447

25,940
27,039
29,068
31,011
29,194
30,603

0
0

O
O
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()

()

0

o

()

o
0

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
1985:
November
December.
1986:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October*5...
November
1

98,666
98,910

82,073
82,281

24,931
24,977

907
901

4,765
4,787

19,259
19,289

73,735
73,933

5,272
5,277

5,796
5,809

17,589
17,622

6,070
6,095

22,415
22,501

2,904
2,913

3,901
3,904

9,788
9,812

99,296
99,429
99,484
99,783
99,918
99,843
100,105
100,283
100,560
100,820
101,069

82,659
82,748
82,785
83,072
83,198
83,161
83,508
83,655
83,786
83,961
84,197

25,101
25,038
24,945
25,038
24,965
24,854
24,869
24,888
24,858
24,872
24,912

897
880
852
821
790
772
768
753
743
747
741

4,901
4,864
4,838
4,972
4,974
4,947
4,980
5,012
5,010
4,997
5,008

19,303
19,294
19,255
19,245
19,201
19,135
19,121
19,123
19,105
19,128
19,163

74,195
74,391
74,539
74,745
74,953
74,989
75,236
75,395
75,702
75,948
76,157

5,286
5,277
5,280
5,266
5,265
5,167
5,288
5,255
5,316
5,318
5,346

5,830
5,843
5,841
5,864
5,872
5,829
5,849
5,863
5,859
5,869
5,874

17,734
17,795
17,828
17,851
17,911
17,944
17,992
18,030
18,065
18,134
18,148

6,123
6,157
6,184
6,228
6,261
6,295
6,334
6,364
6,388
6,407
6,436

22,585
22,638
22,707
22,825
22,924
23,072
23,176
23,255
23,300
23,361
23,481

2,918
2,918
2,923
2,914
2,899
2,875
2,866
2,875
2,901
2,895
2,891

3,916
3,924
3,927
3,938
3,936
3,927
3,921
3,919
3,932
3,958
3,968

9,803
9,839
9,849
9,859
9,885
9,880
9,810
9,834
9,941
10,006
10,013

Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 1959
benchmark month.
P = preliminary.
2




NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1985
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1985) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1982) are subject to revision.

43

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Total

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

915

911

748

748

Oct.
1986P

44.6
9.2

45.1

647

525

526

40.7
7.1
13.0

32.9
6.9
9.6

33.1
7.2
9.6

29.6
5.3
9.4

30.1
5.2
10.1

151.6
150.1

150.8
149.3

141.9
140.1

140.0
138.2

377.8
119.3
258.5

377.7
119.4
258.3

266.3
106.3
160.0

269.2
108.9
160.3

87.5
32.6

85.7
31.7

87.4
32.0

86.7
31.7

3,978

3,868

4,229

4,177

10
101
102

13.0

13.1

40.2
7.2
12.1

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

11,12
12

185.3
183.2

184.5
182.4

173.0
170.8

170.6
168.4

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

13
138

570.7
254.6
316.1

568.5
253.8
314.7

421.5
218.6
202.9

424.0
220.4
203.6

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals

14
142
144
147

114.6
40.0
36.0
19.9

112.6
38.9
35.3
20.0

113.0
39.4
36.1
18.7

112.9
39.2
35.4
19.6

5,014

4,909

5,321

5,267

131,2

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

15
152
153
154

Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

16
161
162

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173

174
175
176

9.6

852.9
303.3
549.6

801.6
267.6
534.0

852.2
338.2
514.0

24
241
242
2421

2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451

249

422.8

5,158

713.6
259.3
454.3

839.6
329.5
510.1

2,826.4 2,791.2 3,100.7 3,067.7
641.0
670.6
672.9
635.2
179.4
186.6
183.1
169.5
510.2
554.3
554.3
516.0
459.1
528.7
513.9
455.7
170.8
189.4
185.6
166.0
215.0
232.0
235.5
211.5

Nov.
1986P

717.5
86.3
196.9
162.4
31.0
240.2
92.8
63.9
23.0
38.6
41.4
75.1
53.2
77.6

525

4,062

990.2 1,025.7 1,018.9
472.7 500.5 494.3
32.0
30.9
30.3
486.6 493.2 494.3
663.5
223.9
439.6

722.4
289.8
432.6

711.0
281.9
429.1

2,254.0 2,213.9 2,481.1 2,447.2
499.9
478.9
472.5
498.0
154.4
150.5
141.0
157.4
432.7
395.8
400.2
434.9
441.3
395.9
391.7 455.5
143.4
129.8
126.4
147.4
193.0
176.3
173.2
190.5

19,313 19,303 19,247 19,220 13,174 13,127 13,145 13,102 13,088

11,492 11,478 11,349

Durable goods

745

1,334.3 1,316.3 1,367.8 1,359.6 1,343.0 1,010.7
654.9 646.8 686.6 679.6
481.9
60.4
58.2
59.0
56.2
32.4
619.0 610.5 623.0 623.8
496.4

19,355

Manufacturing




Sept.
1986

650

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

44

Nov.
1985

82,436 82,534 84,587 84,557 84,689 66,758 66,830 68,507 68,486 68,573

Mining

See footnotes at end of table.

Oct.
1985

99,176 99,428 101,089 101,587 101,876

Total private

Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

Nov.
1986P

706.7
82.6
194.0
159.8
30.8

238.7
91.4
64.5
23.1
38.6
40.6
73.
51.8
77.6

756.3
90.4
206.4
170.1
32.6
266.1

102.9
70.7
25.4
42.0
42.6
73.0
50.5
77.8

11,322 11,316
752.0
89.0
205.8
169.2

32.9
265.1
102.4
71.0
25.3
41.9
41.5
72.4

49.9
78.

745.5

7,636

7,619

7,507

7,487

7,493

604.2
71.4

593.4
68.5

635.9
77.9

624.8

174.2
144.2
27.1
200.4
75.3
52.3
20.0
35.6
35.0
58.2
43.0
65.0

171.3
141.6
26.9
198.8
73.9
52.6
20.3
35.6
34.
56.0
41.2
64.6

180.1
148.0
28.8
221.7
83.8
57.4
22.
38.5
35.9
55.5
40.4
64.8

631.4
76.0
179.7
147.5
29.0
220.5
83.3
57.6
22.
38.4
35.0
55.1
40.0
65.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
^
Mineral wool
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

1972
SIC
Code

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515

252
253
254
259
32
321

322
3221
3229

323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

33
331
3312
3317

332
3321
3322
3325

333
3334

335
3351
3353
3357

336
3361

34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades ... 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work

All employees

Production workers

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

496.1
294.5
133.2
92.4
26.0
28.9
66.2
26.7
70.0
38.7

498.2
296.5
133.5
92.7
27.6
28.8
66.6
26.7
69.2
39.2

501.0
296.4
132.7
94.1
28.6
28.7
67.8
26.8
71.9
38.1

503.4
300.1
133.8
94.9
30.1
28.7
67.2
27.0
71.3
37.8

504.9

602.6
15.6
91.2
47.3
43.9
52.2
23.5
38.2
36.9
218.4
19.9
72.7
105.3
114.5
20.7
10.2
27.4

596.4
15.3
91.1
47.6
43.5
52.3
23.1
37.7
36.1
214.4
19.5
71.6
102.7
114.4
20.7
10.2
27.4

608.7
14.7
94.2
49.0
45.2
54.4
22.6
37.7
35.7
224.8
20.5
73.2
110.4
112.6
20.1
10.4
27.4

602.2
14.6
92.2
48.7
43.5
54.6
22.5
37.5
35.0
222.0
20.4
71.8
109.0
111.6
19.9
10.2
27.2

594.3

789.9
288.8
222.8
24.0
140.1
87.9

793.5
296.3
230.4
23.5
139.2
87.3
9.8
28.6
42.4
23.8
187.3
23.3
30.9
80.3
84.6
52.4

748.2
267.3
203.3
21.9
133.7
84.1

743.2
266.5
203.2
21.5
132.5
82.8
9.2
26.7
36.9
19.8
184.3
23.9
29.3
79.0
82.4
50.6

744.1
266.2

9.9
28.9
43.7
24.5
188.4
23.6
30.9
80.4
85.2
53.0

Sept.
1986

9.2
26.6
37.4
20.2
185.2
24.1
29.4
79.6
83.1
51.5

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

-

_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

Nov.
1985

396.0
246.5
116.0
75.9
20.7
22.2
51.0
20.4
51.6
26.5

398.8
249.1
116.6
76.6
22.4
22.0
51.4
20.5
50.8
27.0

402.4
249.9
116.0
78.3
23.1
22.1
53.2
20.5
52.4
26.4

404.2
252.9
117.2
78.8
24.5
21.9
52.7
20.7
52.0
25.9

405.8

459.1
12.0
77.8
42.5
35.3
36.6
17.9
29.2
28.5
167.5
13.3
54.8
83.3
80.0
13.6
7.7
7.6
-

470.9
11.4
80.7
44.1
36.6
38.8
17.8
29.4
27.8
175.7
13.6
56.3
89.8
79.8
13.2
7.9
-

465.8
11.4
79.0
43.9
35.1
38.9
17.6
29.3
27.5
173.5
13.7
55.3
88.6
79.0
13.1

458.2

559.8
202.5
155.2
15.8
105.3
68.7

555.4
200.8
154.4
15.3
104.5
67.4

463.7
12.1
77.6
42.1
35.5
36.5
18.4
29.7
29.0
171.0
13.5
56.0
85.6
79.9
13.3

597.6
220.1
172.0
17.5
110.5
71.6

7.2
21.7
31.3
18.4
134.1
18.1
22.5
57.7
69.0
43.6

601.7
227.8
180.0
17.1
109.8
71.2

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

7.7
-

7.1

6.4

6.5

21.3
30.3
17.9
132.9
17.9
21.9
57.7
68.4
43.1

19.5
24.6
12.8
130.1
18.9
20.8
55.1
66.7
42.1

19.8
24.2
12.5
130.0
18.8
20.7
55.1
66.0
41.2

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
557.7
200.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

1,469.3 1,466.9 1,444.9 1,439.5 1,435.1 1,089.7 1,084.6 1,068.7 1,065.7 1,062.5
49.2
49.2
57.8
50.6
49.6
59.1
57.5
57.6
40.0
41.4
40.4
46.1
40.3
47.3
46.2
45.8
105.7 106.0
103.4 103.8
143.2 143.4 140.8 141.7
_
35.7
35.7
48.3
34.9
35.1
48.2
48.6
48.8
79.6
61.0
59.7
78.8
61.3
59.1
81.3
81.0
47.7
48.5
67.1
47.6
48.2
66.8
66.3
66.3
_
_
18.2
18.0
24.9
18.2
24.9
18.1
25.0
24.8
31.4
31.6
20.9
20.7
22.2
22.4
30.0
30.3
_
_
316.2 312.4 312.3 309.4
448.5 444.8 440.7 437.4
_
56.5
73.2
55.4
52.0
78.7
51.6
73.6
78.0
_
68.9
95.7
93.6
68.1
69.7
71.5
91.5
92.5
_
94.0
63.9
94.4
63.3
59.7
59.4
100.7
101.3
_
83.5
82.2
111.2 110.8
82.7
82.5
110.9
112.3
21.4
20.5
29.0
29.0
20.3
21.5
28.0
28.3
-

See footnotes at end of table.




45

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers

All employees
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment ...
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment ....
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves .
Machinery, except electrical, nee

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599

2,144.1 2,135.4 2,046.4 2,037.0 2,035.0 1,285.7 1,280.1 1,215.3 1,208.5 1,211.1
58.9
58.7
62.6
62.1
95.1
95.3
100.2 100.3
_
_
31.2
32.9
33.0
17.4
30.9
16.7
16.8
17.3
_
42.2
41.9
45.2
44.8
64.2
64.1
67.4
67.2
_
_
96.2
86.6
95.6
56.0
65.7
65.9
86.5
55.2
_
47.1
_
61.5
62.8
71.5
73.3
38.2
48.6
36.5
_
_
250.0 248.0 216.2 214.3
152.4 129.8
154.2
127.8
_
_
74.6
75.3
85.1
85.9
44.8
51.8
52.5
43.8
_
12.8
17.7
18.4
20.0
20.4
11.1
11.6
12.5
_
_
42.6
42.8
62.3
63.3
25.1
25.1
39.0
39.9
_
_
15.7
30.2
30.5
30.0
29.8
15.9
16.1
16.1
_
_
17.6
17.2
17.2
24.8
25.2
25.5
25.5
18.1
_
216.4
220.7 219.9 217.1
_
308.5 308.3 305.3 304.0
_
_
34.0
51.2
54.2
54.2
31.5
31.8
34.0
50.6
_
_
11.0
10.9
11.3
11.2
18.3
18.6
18.4
18.3
_
_
112.3
111.9
110.0
110.3
145.7
141.7
144.9
141.6
37.0
37.6
38.2
38.1
53.0
54.0
54.9
54.8
_
14.8
15.1
15.8
16.1
20.3
20.8
21.9
22.1
93.4
93.4
98.8
98.7
157.9
165.7 158.1
166.0
_
_
23.2
22.9
23.8
23.5
38.2
38.1
38.8
38.5
_
12.1
11.9
11.9
12.1
_
18.2
17.8
18.0
18.1
15.8
16.0
17.1
17.0
27.7
27.9
29.2
29.6
166.0
165.7
167.2
168.0
265.0 264.2 261.0 261.1
_
26.3
26.6
29.1
29.4
_
45.6
46.4
49.1
50.1
_
_
34.5
34.0
33.2
33.7
45.6
45.2
45.1
45.2
13.5
13.5
13.9
13.9
23.8
23.9
24.4
24.5
_
20.6
20.6
19.3
19.4
_
32.4
32.4
31.4
31.3
_
_
14.2
14.2
14.3
14.2
20.8
20.7
20.6
20.4
10.6
10.5
10.9
11.1
15.9
15.8
16.1
16.3
_
160.8 159.0
178.9
179.7
_
501.2 498.3 471.5 468.5
_
_
147.7
130.8 129.6
147.5
435.4 433.5 410.3 408.1
117.6
118.8
117.0 116.1
_
169.2 167.8
168.5 167.1
_
_
83.4
84.1
86.8
87.5
121.7 120.5
118.6 117.3
219.4 218.5 215.0 214.2
_
288.5 287.9 283.2 281.8
_
_
28.4
28.6
29.1
29.2
34.5
34.8
36.2
36.5
185.8
190.2 189.4 186.4
252.0 251.7 248.4 247.3
-

Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus .
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers ....
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634

2,184.6 2,181.0 2,171.1 2,171.0 2,170.5 1,278.3 1,272.5 1,252.6 1,253.1 1,257.4
83.1
83.1
82.1
82.4
114.7 114.6 115.2 115.0
40.1
40.2
38.6
38.7
54.4
54.5
52.9
53.0
_
43.7
_
60.6
60.7
61.7
43.0
42.9
43.5
61.7
_
137.2 137.2 136.7
136.8
196.0 196.0 196.0
195.6
76.2
76.2
75.1
75.4
98.9
98.8
97.1
97.5
_
_
37.4
36.3
37.3
61.2
61.5
36.0
62.5
61.9
_
105.7 106.8
110.1
109.2
136.5 139.7 140.9
135.1
_
_
20.4
23.4
20.4
17.8
18.5
25.6
25.9
24.0
_
_
17.5
17.4
17.1
16.6
22.8
22.6
21.5
21.3
30.5
40.2
39.8
30.6
30.3
30.0
39.0
39.5
-

See footnotes at end of table.

46




96.2
45.2
51.0
244.4
34.2
105.9
94.0
111.8
74.4
37.4
78.6
42.2
222.8
85.6
51.4

96.0
45.2
50.8
244.5
34.1
106.4
93.4
112.6
75.1
37.5
79.0
43.3
222.7
85.6
52.1

97.1
45.2
51.9
233.9
32.1
99.5
91.7
114.0
75.5
38.5
80.3
45.8
212.2
79.1
51.5

96.8
45.2
51.6
232.8
30.9
99.8
91.6
115.2
76.2
39.0
80.4
46.1
210.3
78.6
51.5

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

73.5
36.7
36.8
196.2
25.9
90.9
71.9
89.6
60.3
29.3
50.7
27.2
160.9
57.6
38.9

73.0
36.5
36.5
196.6
26.0
91.6
71.2
90.1
60.8
29.3
49.2
26.1
160.5
57.2
39.7

73.7
36.6
37.1
187.3
24.5
84.8
70.3
91.5
61.1
30.4
49.5
28.5
152.2
51.9
39.0

73.5
36.6
36.9
187.1
23.6
85.6
70.2
92.5
61.7
30.8
50.5
29.0
150.8
51.8
39.0

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
OUUfcJ

Durable goods—Continued
Electrical and electronic equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

364

3641
3643
3644
3645
365

3651
366

3661
3662
367

3671-3
3674
3679
369

3691
3694
37
371

3711
3713
3714
3715
372

3721
3724
3728
373

3731
3732
374
376

3761
379

3792

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381
382

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles..
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39
391

3822
3823
3825
383
384

3841
3842
385
386
387

3911
393
394

3942,4
3949
395
396

3961
399
3993

Production workers

All employees
Oct.
1985

197.1
27.6
79.8
17.9
27.5
83.2
64.6
660.3
135.1
525.2
644.4
42.5
270.5
262.1
154.2
29.1
65.4

Nov.
1985

197.5
27.6
79.8
17.7
27.9
83.2
64.9
660.5
131.5
529.0
639.8
42.6
268.2
260.1
152.9
29.7
64.0

Sept.
1986

192.5
27.6
76.8
17.1
27.3
80.6
63.6
656.7
120.9
535.8
639.1
42.2
267.7
260.1
151.3
29.4
63.6

Oct.
1986P

191.6
27.5
75.9
17.1
27.7
80.2
62.9
655.5
119.5
536.0
639.9
42.1
266.9
262.3
151.9
29.9
63.9

Nov.
1986P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Oct.
1985

143.0
23.9
52.0
12.8
21.1
57.1
43.8
286.4
82.6
203.8
357.7
25.1
101.5
180.0
108.8
23.3
49.7

Nov.
1985

143.3
23.8
52.0
12.8
21.5
57.3
44.3
284.4
78.3
206.1
353.8
25.2
100.3
177.6
107.6
23.6
48.5

Sept.
1986

138.4
23.4
49.4
12.2
21.0
55.1
43.2
273.6
70.7
202.9
351.6
25.6
100.3
173.7
104.9
23.2
47.9

Oct.
1986P

137.7
23.3
48.6
12.2
21.3
54.4
42.2
272.1
69.7
202.4
352.9
25.8
100.9
174.6
106.0
23.6
48.5

Nov.
1986P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

1,990.6 2,001.1 1,988.6 1,987.5 2,002.8 1,261.0 1,268.1 1,241.3 1,241.6 1,255.4
878.0
875.0
842.1
647.4
644.3
682.6
843.8
834.6
638.6
679.6
_
_
404.5
407.9
383.7
281.6
305.7
309.9
379.6
278.5
_
_
36.4
36.9
38.2
29.7
29.8
28.4
38.3
28.2
_
_
377.0
391.6
391.2
299.5
313.4
312.4
374.3
297.8
_
_
27.6
27.9
27.9
20.8
21.8
21.4
21.2
26.9
_
_
653.8
331.0
318.7
314.2
683.3
678.2
660.6
335.6
_
341.6
156.5
143.4
359.5
344.2
160.5
145.0
364.6
_
_
76.7
150.4
152.7
151.3
76.9
77.3
150.5
78.3
_
_
163.7
98.2
97.8
95.4
93.5
168.2
168.3
160.9
_
_
139.7
138.0
138.2
137.3
185.0
184.9
184.8
183.1
_
_
101.5
99.6
102.1
101.2
139.8
139.8
137.2
135.5
_
_
38.2
38.4
36.1
36.1
47.6
45.2
47.6
45.1
_
19.8
33.4
19.5
23.0
24.0
28.4
32.7
28.0
_
_
65.0
64.9
62.7
63.9
182.3
179.8
192.6
192.6
_
_
47.6
47.5
48.4
47.5
141.3
147.8
147.8
139.2
_
_
35.4
35.4
35.8
31.2
52.7
52.7
52.9
48.0
16.2
16.1
15.7
16.0
20.7
20.8
20.1
20.2
-

_
-

387.9
34.2
139.5
27.4
28.8
55.8
16.6
105.5
47.0
50.3
26.4
56.9

389.8
35.2
139.1
27.3
28.7
55.6
16.5
107.1
47.6
51.3
26.2
57.0

388.2
36.2
138.1
26.9
27.4
53.8
15.6
112.0
51.7
52.0
26.8
51.4

387.5
36.3
138.0
26.8
27.6
53.2
15.5
112.4
51.6
52.5
26.7
50.4

-

8.8

8.7

8.1

8.2

271.7
38.8
27.0
11.3
73.1
34.6
38.5
21.8
31.8
17.7
94.9
38.2

271.2
39.0
27.0
11.3
70.9
32.1
38.8
21.5
33.2
18.4
95.3
38.4

271.6
37.7
25.3
12.0
74.5
34.0
40.5
21.2
32.1
17.9
94.1
38.3

274.0
38.8
26.1
11.9
75.0
34.1
40.9
21.4
33.4
19.0
93.5
38.3

721.8
82.8
253.1
42.8
57.0
109.0
33.0
177.1
85.2
77.7
39.8
123.9
12.1

723.9
84.4
252.8
42.9
56.7
108.8
33.2
178.6
85.6
78.7
39.3
123.6
12.0

713.9
82.6
249.5
42.0
54.8
107.2
31.5
184.6
88.4
81.3
39.8
114.6
11.3

711.7
82.3
248.2
41.9
54.5
106.1
31.5
184.7
88.2
81.6
40.2
113.4
11.4

710.1

375.3
56.9
39.3
14.4
98.2
48.1
50.1
32.8
40.8
22.5
132.2
54.2

375.0
57.0
39.4
14.3
96.0
45.6
50.4
32.4
42.8
23.6
132.5
54.5

370.1
53.8
36.5
14.8
98.6
46.0
52.6
31.3
40.8
22.6
130.8
54.4

374.0
55.3
37.7
14.6
99.5
46.3
53.2
31.4
42.3
23.8
130.9
54.9

373.4

_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
-

386.3
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

273.4
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




47

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
v_/UUfcJ

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats .
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ....
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool.
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339

See footnotes at end of table.

48




Production workers

All employees
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

5,638 5,615 5,595
7,863 7,835 7,954 7,925 7,904 5,538 5,508
1,658.1 1,624.8 1,733.9 1,691.7 1,662.2 1,170.8 1,138.0 1,242.1 1,204.3 1,175.8
_
_
333.1
333.1
317.5
315.8
372.6 374.2 390.6 391.0
_
_
120.9
119.7
143.3
144.2
143.0
142.0
119.9
118.6
_
_
56.2
56.4
55.4
55.5
76.1
76.4
75.0
75.1
134.1
133.5
122.7
121.3
146.8
145.8
133.9
132.7
_
_
97.3
99.2
95.4
96.6
163.8
166.3
161.6
163.2
_
_
30.0
30.5
30.9
31.1
39.1
39.8
39.8
40.0
_
_
43.3
41.8
42.0
87.7
88.4
86.5
87.0
43.0
_
_
222.6
188.8 264.1
218.9
260.8 230.8 308.6 264.3
18.9
19.9
17.9
18.8
26.1
27.1
25.2
25.8
_
_
80.9
118.5
59.0
76.7
95.2
135.7
73.1
91.4
_
54.2
57.0
45.5
53.3
60.3
62.9
51.8
59.9
_
_
85.8
84.9
87.2
124.1
124.2
124.9
127.2
85.8
_
_
15.7
15.6
14.9
14.9
22.6
22.5
22.3
22.4
_
27.7
27.6
28.7
29.6
43.9
44.0
45.6
46.5
_
_
132.8
128.3
128.2
218.2
214.6 217.9
214.0
133.2
_
_
94.7
95.0
92.0
91.8
171.2
171.4
169.7
168.9
_
_
44.9
45.1
37.8
36.4
47.0
46.5
38.5
36.3
_
91.7
82.0
86.4
85.3
113.7
104.0
108.7
107.6
_
_
23.8
18.6
20.7
21.8
29.1
23.6
26.0
26.9
_
54.2
49.7
52.0
49.6
64.4
59.9
62.6
60.2
_
_
25.6
26.8
26.2
35.6
35.4
36.2
35.6
25.9
_
90.8
93.7
91.9
92.5
218.6 214.8
215.8 214.2
_
_
27.4
27.5
27.1
43.1
43.6
43.1
42.8
26.9
_
40.2
41.9
40.2
40.5
125.9
128.2
125.5
126.4
166.2
168.3
159.6
161.3
125.8
118.0
120.1
123.9
69.4
43.7

66.2
43.8

64.7
43.0

64.4
42.8

62.9
-

53.4
32.3

50.1
32.2

49.3
32.0

49.4
32.1

47.1
-

703.8
102.9
90.6
16.6
20.8
199.9
35.5
34.4
65.4
24.3
22.1
58.1
22.3
21.7
57.6
102.0
72.6
16.2
55.3

703.0
102.4
90.4
16.6
20.9
199.1
35.5
34.1
65.3
24.3
21.9
58.6
22.7
21.7
57.7
101.9
72.9
15.9
55.4

715.6
99.5
89.7
16.6
21.3
208.2
35.2
35.4
71.1
24.2
23.4
58.5
22.8
21.4
59.7
106.2
76.2
17.0
55.9

716.0
99.3
90.1
16.5
21.5
208.0
35.2
35.5
71.4
23.8
23.3
58.9
23.0
21.5
59.3
106.3
76.5
16.9
56.1

717.3
_
_
_
_
_

608.3
92.8
80.4
14.0
17.9
174.1
31.7
30.7
57.5
20.2
18.9
48.7
18.9
17.7
47.1
90.5
65.5
14.3
42.8

607.6
92.3
80.2
14.0
18.0
173.3
31.6
30.4
57.3
20.2
18.8
49.1
19.2
17.7
47.3
90.6
65.7
14.1
42.8

619.6
89.5
79.9
13.9
18.4
181.4
31.1
31.7
62.6
20.2
20.4
48.8
19.3
17.2
49.4
94.9
68.9
14.8
43.4

620.3
89.6
80.4
13.8
18.6
181.3
31.2
31.8
62.8
19.9
20.3
49.3
19.5
17.4
49.0
95.0
69.2
14.7
43.3

622.3
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

954.8
54.7
274.8
73.0
51.0
87.2
302.8
45.3
78.3
38.1
141.1

951.5
54.5
276.1
73.2
51.4
88.1
301.8
44.8
78.7
37.1
141.2

945.0
51.5
273.2
75.5
47.7
85.1
295.5
43.8
76.1
38.4
137.2

949.2
51.4
273.0
74.0
47.6
85.6
298.0
44.1
76.7
38.2
139.0

945.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
-

1,132.2 1,128.5 1,118.1 1,122.9 1,117.3
_
60.0
60.1
62.7
62.8
316.0
317.2 318.2 316.1
84.7
86.1
84.5
87.5
54.5
54.8
58.6
58.1
_
97.9
97.4
100.3
99.7
_
363.2 362.0 350.8 353.3
_
53.0
54.1
52.8
53.7
_
91.3
90.8
93.6
93.2
_
46.9
46.7
44.8
46.2
162.1
160.5
169.9
169.7
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
UUUc

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

Production workers

All employees
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

78.2
63.0
15.2
61.5
25.8
43.7
187.1
26.7
52.6
38.5

78.2
62.8
15.4
62.0
26.0
42.9
184.1
26.3
52.3
37.3

77.2
62.4
14.8
63.3
26.4
43.4
188.7
27.1
52.9
39.5

77.2
62.2
15.0
63.8
26.5
43.7
190.4
27.5
54.3
39.4

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

65.6
54.3
11.3
51.3
22.5
36.3
154.5
21.5
45.2
32.0

65.6
54.0
11.6
52.1
22.8
35.5
151.3
21.1
44.6
31.0

64.1
53.2
10.9
53.5
23.2
36.1
156.6
22.2
45.1
33.5

64.4
53.2
11.2
53.9
23.3
36.4
157.5
22.4
46.3
33.2

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

683.2
194.8
171.4
55.0
234.3
58.7
27.0
51.2
199.1
43.5
104.0
24.0

687.2
197.1
173.0
55.2
235.7
59.0
27.4
51.5
199.2
43.7
104.4
23.8

693.0
197.1
172.2
54.8
241.2
59.9
27.6
53.7
199.9
43.2
104.3
24.6

693.7
196.7
171.9
55.0
241.2
59.7
27.8
53.9
200.8
43.2
104.9
24.4

695.5
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

517.2
148.4
129.5
42.1
172.2
36.6
20.7
40.2
154.5
34.7
78.8
19.9

520.6
150.4
131.2
42.3
173.4
36.8
20.9
40.4
154.5
34.7
79.0
19.8

525.4
149.8
130.2
41.3
178.8
37.6
21.6
42.3
155.5
34.4
79.0
20.7

526.7
149.8
130.2
41.6
178.6
37.7
21.7
42.4
156.7
34.5
79.5
20.9

529.5
_
_
_
_
_

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

1,445.6 1,460.6 1,480.6 1,489.9 1,501.2
_
454.0 460.6 461.5 464.5
112.5
113.1
112.2
112.8
105.8
108.3
110.6
111.1
_
82.4
77.5
82.2
79.2
28.4
28.7
29.1
28.3
_
75.7
81.3
80.8
74.8
_
519.9
515.0
507.3
503.0
_
168.7
162.0
163.5
170.1
314.4 317.1
321.9
319.1
_
47.7
47.6
47.8
47.6
75.5
75.9
71.4
70.8
53.7
54.0
52.3
53.0

797.9
169.7
30.0
52.6
30.2
22.4
39.3
367.0
119.0
227.0
33.0
57.4
38.7

808.1
172.7
30.9
55.2
32.0
23.2
40.3
370.5
120.2
229.3
33.3
56.6
38.8

824.3
171.8
34.9
56.7
34.3
22.4
42.9
374.9
123.4
229.9
33.4
61.1
40.1

831.3
173.1
35.6
56.5
34.5
22.0
43.2
378.8
124.7
232.0
33.5
61.4
40.7

836.4
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

1,038.7 1,034.2 1,026.6 1,022.6 1,022.0
140.7
135.5
141.0
135.9
_
89.6
89.5
93.0
92.3
165.8
164.8
168.7
169.3
_
74.7
74.7
74.1
74.6
_
64.5
61.1
64.0
60.6
204.9 204.1 206.5
206.8
166.6
166.7
164.4
165.2
149.4
151.6
146.9
147.9
_
41.7
41.7
41.2
41.4
_
66.4
66.7
68.6
65.5
41.3
40.2
39.8
41.3
_
63.0
63.5
62.9
63.9
153.5
158.6
159.6
153.5
_
30.2
29.8
29.9
30.5
_
123.7
128.4
123.6
129.1
57.9
56.1
56.3
57.8
93.7
93.4
94.1
94.5
-

576.3
71.5
48.9
112.7
44.6
45.6
95.3
76.1
94.5
26.9
45.7
21.9
30.8
81.5
20.2
61.3
35.5
54.5

572.6
71.4
49.0
112.3
44.6
45.1
95.3
76.1
92.7
26.8
44.2
21.7
30.0
80.9
19.9
61.0
35.6
54.4

574.2
69.9
48.8
111.1
44.6
44.1
96.0
76.7
97.0
26.6
48.5
21.9
30.9
82.6
19.6
63.0
34.1
52.6

570.8
69.8
48.9
110.5
44.0
43.8
96.1
77.0
94.5
26.4
46.0
22.1
30.5
82.6
19.6
63.0
34.3
52.5

571.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

105.5
77.9
21.0

104.9
78.2
20.1

103.7
76.0
21.5

103.9
77.0
21.0

103.4
_
-

Chemicals and allied products
28
281
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
2819
282
Plastics materials and synthetics
2821
Plastics materials and resins
2824
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
283
Drugs
2834
Pharmaceutical preparations
284
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
2841
Soap and other detergents
2844
Toilet preparations
2842,3
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
285
Paints and allied products
286
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
2865
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee ... 2861,9
287
Agricultural chemicals
289
Miscellaneous chemical products
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

171.3
132.6
27.4

169.9
132.2
26.5

163.2
124.4
27.8

162.2
124.1
27.3

160.7
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
-

_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




49

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic ....
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

30
301
302

793.2
91.4
12.4

793.3
91.3
12.6

804.8
87.0
11.4

808.0
86.8
11.8

811.9
_
-

613.6
62.4
10.6

615.2
63.1
10.8

628.2
63.3
9.6

631.5
63.2
10.0

637.7
_
-

303,4
306
307

21.8
108.2
559.4

21.7
108.0
559.7

21.5
109.1
575.8

21.6
108.8
579.0

_
_
-

14.6
82.8
443.2

14.5
82.9
443.9

14.9
83.8
456.6

15.1
83.4
459.8

_
_
-

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

167.5
14.6
100.0
42.0
35.8
11.4
22.9

167.1
14.5
100.1
41.9
36.2
11.4
22.4

153.4
13.8
91.1
39.6
32.8
10.8
20.2

153.7
13.7
90.4
38.6
32.8
11.0
20.7

153.1
_
_
_
_
_
-

139.8
12.2
85.3
34.3
31.6
8.5
18.9

139.4
12.1
85.3
34.2
31.9
8.5
18.3

126.5
11.4
77.3
32.1
28.9
7.6
16.2

127.1
11.4
76.6
31.2
28.9
7.8
16.8

126.5
_
_
_
_
_
-

5,309

5,296

5,369

5,367

5,371

4,408

4,396

4,466

4,463

4,468

3,075

3,064

3,137

3,142

3,136

Transportation and public utilities .
Transportation

-

-

-

-

-

Railroad transportation.
Class I railroads2

40
4011

353.6
320.3

345.1
311.9

325.3
294.4

323.5
292.7

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

Local and interurban passenger transit.
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses

41
411
412
413
415

288.6
93.3
37.7
34.9
98.5

286.8
92.8
37.8
34.6
97.8

294.8
96.8
36.3
37.3
98.7

297.5
96.9
36.1
36.0
102.3

_
_
_
_
-

268.0
85.8
_
32.3
-

267.2
85.4
_
32.1
-

272.7
89.1
_
34.1
-

275.2
89.1
32.4
-

_
_
_
-

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals .
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

1,416.7 1,413.3 1,439.8 1,449.2
1,312.5 1,311.1 1,334.0 1,339.9
105.8
102.2
104.2
109.3

_
-

1,236.3 1,231.9 1,256.5 1,265.7
1,147.5 1,145.3 1,166.1 1,172.1
90.4
93.6
86.6
88.8

_
-

Water transportation
Local water transportation
Water transportation services

44
445
446

187.8
27.8
100.4

189.6
26.9
103.4

192.7
28.6
107.0

182.9
27.5
99.0

_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

Transportation by air
Air transportation
Air transportation services .

45
451,2
458

528.3
464.3
64.0

529.9
465.8
64.1

576.4
509.0
67.4

576.7
509.2
67.5

_
-

_
-

_
-

-

_
-

_
-

Pipe lines, except natural gas .

46

18.8

18.8

18.2

18.1

-

13.5

13.5

13.4

13.3

-

Transportation services.
Freight forwarding

47
471

281.4
63.9

280.4
64.2

290.2
70.6

294.1
72.0

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

_
984.4
647.3
200.8
-

_
978.8
640.2
201.8
-

_
_
-

Communication and public utilities
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting
Television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

48
481
483
4832
4833
49
491
492
493
495

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment .
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Automotive parts and supplies
See footnotes at end of table.

50




50
501
5012
5013

2,234 2,232 2,232 2,225
1,314.5 1,312.3 1,304.4 1,297.6
903.7 900.9
886.6 877.3
242.0 241.6 244.0 245.6
115.7
115.0
115.1
115.0
128.9
129.9
126.6
127.0

_
_
2,235
1,001.8 1,000.6
672.9 670.6
_
197.3
197.5
_
-

919.9
450.2
173.3
204.1
66.1

919.7
450.6
172.9
204.4
65.6

927.9
459.6
161.2
206.8
72.6

927.3
459.0
162.4
206.1
72.2

_
_
_
_
-

731.5
349.3
135.0
168.2
57.6

731.7
348.9
135.6
168.5
57.3

737.2
353.6
127.5
170.3
63.3

734.9
352.8
127.9
169.0
62.9

_
_
-

5,822

5,812

5,881

5,893

5,891

4,692

4,676

4,723

4,731

4,720

3,447
433.3
108.1
292.7

3,454
432.6
108.5
292.0

3,488
429.4
107.0
290.1

3,495
428.7
107.3
289.1

3,499
_
-

2,758
347.7
_
-

2,759
346.7

2,776
344.9

-

-

2,780
344.3
_
-

_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, TV and radios
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies ....
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Commercial machines and equipment
Construction and mining machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Professional equipment and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wines and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
Farm supplies

1972
SIC
Code

502
5021
5023
503
5031
5039
504
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
509
5093
51
511
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191

Retail trade

Production workers

All employees
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

137.4
134.2
136.1
135.8
57.7
57.2
57.9
57.5
78.1
77.0
79.5
78.6
221.1
220.6 234.3 232.5
101.2
105.5
106.4
101.1
119.4
120.0
127.0
127.9
81.5
83.4
81.6
83.1
139.5
137.4
139.8
138.1
499.4
502.0 495.2 495.6
269.8
270.5 272.1
269.3
74.7
73.8
74.9
74.1
155.2
155.1
150.9
151.8
260.2 266.4 267.9
259.3
87.4
87.2
90.2
90.2
105.4
107.7
105.8
106.8
1,481.2 1,483.4 1,506.7 1,510.4
536.2 552.5
534.5
557.3
81.5
82.6
81.1
82.9
130.1
127.6
128.6
126.6
319.7
321.1
310.5
312.3
132.7
133.7
133.2
133.3
173.9
180.1
178.3
174.9
198.2
197.9
198.6 201.2
91.3
92.3
90.9
90.6
2,358
186.6
171.5
192.9
746.8
242.1
66.4
88.6
131.6
204.0
84.3
119.7
151.1
93.0
58.1
434.1
148.4

2,393
190.0
172.1
199.3
773.4
249.0
66.3
104.4
130.2
202.3
83.9
118.4
152.5
95.2
57.3
437.0
151.2

2,398
190.0
173.9
200.7
768.6
249.2
66.2
95.7
130.3
201.4
83.1
118.3
151.7
94.4
57.3
437.6
150.6

17,596 17,833

18,173

18,188

2,375
188.9
169.3
190.7
747.7
239.2
65.3
90.4
131.6
204.7
84.6
120.1
149.6
92.5
57.1
439.2
156.8

689.9
367.8
160.8

688.2
366.5
160.3

697.4
376.6
156.6

697.5
375.5
159.2

Nov.
1986P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

110.2
109.3
110.5
109.5
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
193.0
181.8
191.6
181.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
68.1
67.2
67.2
67.8
110.4
109.3
110.4
108.6
387.6 388.4 377.6 377.9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
207.6 208.1 214.1 215.6
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1,185.9 1,186.9 1,201.4 1,201.8
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
162.1
158.9
159.8
159.5
-

Nov.
1986P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

1,917
151.8
142.5
145.9
632.9
_
94.7
158.1
125.2
351.7
-

1,947
154.2
143.9
149.6
656.8
_
93.9
156.6
125.9
354.2
-

1,951
153.9
145.4
151.5
650.6
_
93.8
155.8
125.0
_
355.6
-

_
_
_
_
_
_

18,402 15,665 15,905

16,171

16,191

16,383

583.6
319.7
131.3

583.6
318.9
133.6

_
-

2,392
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_

1,934
153.5
140.2
143.7
633.9
_
94.4
158.5
124.7
_
_
355.6
-

581.7
312.8
136.5

579.3
311.5
135.6

_
-

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

2,339.7 2,474.0 2,324.4 2,389.6 2,493.0 2,194.2 2,328.2 2,180.6 2,245.3
1,857.3 1,976.2 1,859.4 1,916.6
1,962.0 2,080.8 1,962.2 2,018.8
212.4
207.5
210.1
236.1
219.0
240.4 230.1
231.3
113.7
116.3
133.0
134.7
126.8
146.4
152.8
132.1
-

_
-

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioners
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
542
545
546

2,836.0 2,856.4 2,955.2 2,968.6 3,008.3 2,621.2 2,643.4 2,724.5 2,738.5
2,308.1 2,317.9 2,393.9 2,399.0
2,481.9 2,489.1 2,582.7 2,587.0
64.4
64.2
61.9
61.4
_
_
_
_
47.1
45.3
45.4
41.2
148.5
145.4
151.2
167.1
144.2
164.2
161.5
159.8
-

_
_
-

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

1,917.6 1,912.7 1,981.8 1,974.8 1,970.7 1,611.5 1,605.7 1,662.0 1,654.0
767.9 792.0
769.0
792.1
953.9 954.4
924.4
925.1
_
255.1 253.4
247.3 247.3
308.1 308.5 314.7 313.0
526.4
536.7
540.9
524.5
597.0 621.2 616.8
598.0
-

_
_
-

-

See footnotes at end of table.




51

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry-—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Retail trade—Continued
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings .
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

Furniture and home furnishings stores ....
Furniture and home furnishings stores .
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores
Radio and television stores
Music stores

57
571
5712
572
573
5732
5733

Eating and drinking places .

58

5,779.8 5,734.0 6,114.4 5,984.0 5,954.0 5,249.2 5,210.3 5,571.0 5,452.6

Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods .
Nonstore retailers
Mail order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
592
594
5941
5942
5943
5944
5947
5949
596
5961
5962
598
599

2,223.6 2,300.0 2,239.3 2,284.3
548.0
570.6
553.4 564.2
128.7
128.6
131.0
129.8
731.5
793.9 747.9 767.1
123.4
131.8
134.0
131.5
73.8
78.4
79.7
77.5
76.2
75.1
76.3
77.5
155.2
144.2
148.9
150.7
142.0
133.7
134.2
137.2
68.5
67.8
70.6
65.8
274.8
281.3
259.6 266.6
132.7
129.8
141.0
125.1
82.5
82.7
83.3
81.8
113.3
109.3
106.9
109.9
355.3 353.8 347.9 354.9

Finance, insurance, and real estate3
Finance .

1,051.5 1,095.8 1,073.0 1,086.8
109.2
111.3
106.7
115.8
385.6 399.3
395.7 401.0
220.2 234.5 224.8 227.3
209.0 212.6
208.7 210.9
757.9
427.0
267.3
88.5
242.4
173.1
69.3

771.8
431.7
269.6
89.0
251.1
181.8
69.3

787.9
443.7
274.7
86.3
257.9
185.9
72.0

802.1
451.5
278.4
86.9
263.7
190.9
72.8

6,054

6,399

6,393

6,421

3,014

3,033

3,196

3,203

3,221

1,720.7 1,727.9 1,761.9 1,759.2
1,555.7 1,561.0 1,583.9 1,580.2
337.3
339.0 349.5 351.3
377.7
385.6 383.9
379.4
84.6
80.0
84.5
80.9

60
602
6022
6023,4
603

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Federal savings and loan associations .
State associations, insured
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers

61
612
6122
6123
614
615
616

772.4
354.6
199.2
145.2
217.5
50.4
126.3

779.4
357.6
200.8
146.5
218.9
50.8
128.5

861.9
381.8
214.9
155.8
233.1
55.3
166.9

866.3
383.8
216.2
156.4
233.6
54.7
169.4

Security, commodity brokers, and services.
Security brokers and dealers

62
621

358.1
286.4

361.,
289.1

395.9
315.3

402.3
319.9

Holding and other investment offices .

67

162.8

164.1

175.8

175.1

1,849

1,860

1,958

1,967

Insurance
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance.
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance ..
Title insurance

63
631
632
633
636

Insurance agents, brokers, and service.

64

See footnotes at end of table.

52




1,290.9 1,296.; 1,344.0 1,347.!
554.6 554.7
559.4 558.9
174.:
183.6
172.6
182.7
503.9
475.6 477.6
501.4
52.6
59.!
51.4
59.5
558.3

564.1

614.1

619.;

927.3
96.9
338.9
205.1
172.8

902.9
88.0
337.0
194.0
167.2

916.6
90.5
343.0
196.4
169.5

629.1
350.4

642.6
354.7

654.1
365.0

666.6
372.3

75.1
203.6

75.5
212.4

73.9
215.2

73.6
220.7

1,893.3 1,968.6 1,891.9 1,933.7
471.8
480.2 485.7
476.1

6,025

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks
State banks, Federal Reserve
State banks, not Federal Reserve ....
Mutual savings banks

884.3
92.7
325.3
190.9
169.6

Nov.
1986P

614.1

674.7

626.1

644.4

247.9

254.6

234.9

242.2

89.6
295.6

92.1
295.6

91.7
285.0

94.8
291.0

4,461

4,481

4,725

4,712

1,256.9 1,262.5 1,278.5 1,276.5
1,130.0 1,134.4 1,145.3 1,142.5

588.0
271.3

593.4
274.0

654.9
291.7

656.8
293.0

169.7

170.9

183.3

183.1

880.7
340.0
140.8
332.3

884.8
340.3
142.1
333.4

909.8
339.6
148.1
344.8

910.4
337.8
149.0
346.1

1,975

4,729

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Real estate, and combined real estate, insurance, etc

Oct.
1985

1,162

Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

65
651
653
655

Combined real estate, insurance, etc

66

Services

Production workers1

All employees
Nov.
1985

1,161

Sept.
1986

1,245

Oct.
1986P
1,223

13.8

13.8

14.0

Oct.
1986P

1,225

1,169.9 1,142.0 1,236.3 1,182.4

72

1,062.0 1,068.9 1,113.6 1,122.3
387.3
389.7 399.0 403.5
58.3
61.6
62.4
58.6
342.7 343.4
353.6
355.8
74.3
74.1
76.5
76.9

346.3

348.9

355.4

358.5

309.1

310.3

322.3

321.1

736
7361
7362
737
7372
7374

4,612.8 4,641.2 4,926.5 4,955.6 4,978.8 4,003.4 4,025.0 4,239.9 4,266.9
193.5
194.8
193.1
192.9
142.4 143.4 141.9 142.3
145.0
145.8
143.9
143.6
90.6
91.2
101.5
100.6
193.1
195.4 205.3
210.2
665.4 666.8
717.4
723.4
654.2 649.8
605.6 605.8
972.1
968.7 1,065.8 1,074.6
174.6
172.7
193.6
189.9
751.4
750.8
835.3
830.7
558.9
565.5
592.6
588.4
457.0 462.3 468.0 470.4
203.2 205.7 216.2 217.6
264.0
266.6 272.9
275.4

739
7391
7392
7393
7394
7395

1,930.8 1,950.2 2,040.9 2,057.0
195.7
183.6
185.5
194.5
573.8
521.9
531.1
566.3
432.2 440.8
459.5 457.9
191.6
188.1
185.6
191.9
84.1
82.4
82.2
83.3

73
731
7311
732
733
734

Auto repair, services, and garages
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Automotive repair shops

75
751
753

740.3
155.3
453.7

737.8
154.2
451.6

773.8
168.7
466.5

776.9
169.5
469.0

620.6

619.5

647.4

649.7

377.3

376.7

388.6

389.9

Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops

76
762

327.5
103.8

329.3
103.2

329.4
104.5

328.7
105.9

273.2

274.7

273.4

272.8

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters

78
781
783

213.0
103.1

211.8
104.0

216.9

179.0
84.9

179.8
87.1

189.2
90.8

182.2
91.4

98.9

96.8

224.3
110.7
102.7

Amusement and recreation services

79

820.7

778.4

998.4

896.9

721.7

679.9

889.7

789.8

Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Outpatient care facilities

80
801
802
805
8051
8059
806
8062
8063

8069
807
808

Nov.
1986P

19,730 19,730 20,523 20,584 20,598

Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories

Miscellaneous business services
Research development laboratories, nee
Management and public relations
Detective and protective services
Equipment rental and leasing
Photofinishing laboratories

Sept.
1986

22,400 22,406 23,393 23,454 23,481
1,338.7 1,308.2 1,430.1 1,362.5
1,300.9 1,273.0 1,381.0 1,324.3

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Temporary help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming and software
Data processing services

Nov.
1985

13.8

70
701

726

Oct.
1985

1,148.4 1,147.0 1,231.0 1,209.3
508.8 509.7 527.6 518.2
464.5 467.4 512.8 505.4
149.0 143.6 159.9 154.6

Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

721
722
723

Nov.
1986P

111.6
94.3

6,372.5 6,395.1 6,655.5 6,677.1 6,693.4 5,669.1 5,686.4 5,912.2 5,933.8
803.5 807.3
844.8 853.7
969.2 974.6 1,025.6 1,032.5
393.0 395.7 409.8 411.9
442.6 446.2 464.4 466.2
1,114.1 1,119.9 1,177.9 1,176.7
1,231.1 1,238.8 1,303.3 1,303.3
809.7 815.0 855.2
855.9
421.4 423.8 448.1 447.4
2,735.4 2,735.6 2,788.1 2,794.7
3,003.3 3,002.9 3,059.1 3,066.4
2,818.9 2,819.5 2,872.4 2,879.3
59.4
57.6
59.2
58.3
126.8 125.1 127.5 127.7
121.7
132.0
133.2
122.3
222.8 225.4 250.2 252.6

See footnotes at end of table.




53

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Services—Continued
Legal services

Production workers1

All employees
Oct.
1985

699.5

Nov.
1985

705.7

Sept.
1986

741.7

Oct.

32
321
322
324

1,458.1 1,470.6 1,336.4 1,476.8
392.4 397.7 380.3 395.1
927.7 933.8 817.6 939.4
67.1
68.3
65.9
67.9

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services .
Residential care

83
832
833
836

1,380.5 1,395.4 1,419.3 1,449.4
267.3
270.6 288.0 289.7
209.1
210.6 213.1 216.6
297.4 299.1
310.5
313.5

Museums, botanical and zoological gardens.

84

Membership organizations
Business associations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations .

86
861
863
864

1,515.6 1,514.3 1,492.5 1,500.6
88.5
87.9
90.0
91.0
143.
140.8
142.6
141.7
339.1
340.8 324.4 330.6

Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ..
Noncommercial research organizations.
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .

89
891
892
893

1,246.4 1,252.2 1,296.7 1,299.1
687.3 691.;
715.4 714.6
116.7
117.;
119.9 121.5
416.
416.9 434.5 435.9

Federal Government4.

2,875

Executive, by agency4
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies .
Legislative
Judicial

State government
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions




2,884

2,818. 2755.0
990.
966.4
751.1 713.5
1,076.9 1075.1
38.5 39.4
18.0 17.1

599.1

Sept.
1986

624.9

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

630.8

46.3

2,881

2,875

1,018.; 1,026.9 1,055.0 1,058.5
580.5
585.5 602.9 602.7
324.9

327.3

336.1

338.0

131.1
79.2

131.0
79.1

122,
73.6

122.8
73.9

806

39.5
413.9
250.1

39.3
411.8
249.1

39.3
406.7
246.3

39.2
406.6
245.5

806
82

2,871

2,825.
973.0
787.
1,065.0
36.18.

3731

4,013
4,049
3,869
455.5 457.5 458.
1,670.4 1,703. 1,497. 1,692.0
3,985
454.9

4,083

1,263.2 1,259.8 1,304.4 1,293.4

806
82

9,880
9,99'
9,752 10,106 10,233
509.0 516.3 514.2
508.8
614.4 624.0 626.
614J
5,575.$ 5,688. 5,341.4 5,749.2
2,880.

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the
nonsupervisory count for all series in this division.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to
civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and

54

45.8

593.4

Nov.
1985

16,740 16,894 16,502 17,030 17,187

Government.

Federal government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Shipbuilding and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

41.5

Oct.
1985

749.2

Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Correspondence and vocational schools .

43.4

Nov.
1986P

2,884,

2,961.

2,918.6

the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey
March 1985 benchmark levels.
introduced, all unadjusted data
revision. Corrections in July and
are shown on page 5.

estimates are currently projected from
When more recent benchmark data are
from April 1985 forward are subject to
August 1986 data for production workers

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Aug.
1985

Sept.
1985

July
1986

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

43,418

44,259

45,027

45,172

46,070

Total private

35,977

36,190

37,349

37,553

37,744

Goods-producing

6,887

6,902

6,830

6,938

6,966

Mining

122

120

108

106

102

Construction

481

479

527

530

528

6,284

6,303

6,195

6,302

6,336

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ...
Miscellaneous manufacturing

3,019
111
150
114
102
322
467
915
357
310
170

3,019
110
151
114
103
323
465
911
363
309
171

2,980
115
150
115
99
318
453
893
370
306
160

3,004
118
153
115
101
322
448
900
370
308
169

3,020
117
155
117
101
326
445
904
377
308
171

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ..
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,265
542
23
337
898
168
606
289
28
274
101

3,284
543
25
338
907
167
610
289
21
277
100

3,215
526
19
340
860
170
629
289
26
271
85

3,298
558
20
347
890
170
630
290
25
277
92

3,316
560
23
348
897
171
632
290
25
280
91

36,531

37,357

38,197

38,234

39,104

Transportation and public utilities ...

1,442

1,469

1,489

1,469

1,517

Wholesale trade

1,635

1,646

1,708

1,712

1,718

Retail trade

9,111

9,167

9,431

9,488

9,535

Finance, insurance, and real estate

3,690

3,677

3,963

3,985

3,963

13,212

13,329

13,928

13,961

14,045

7,441
1,027
1,681
4,733

8,069
1,014
1,775
5,280

7,678
1,039
1,745
4,894

7,619
1,035
1,746
4,838

8,326
1,026
1,826
5,474

Industry

Total

Manufacturing

Service-producing

Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are




introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.

55

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonagricultural payroHs by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1986

Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

98,666

98,910

99,296

99,429

99,484

99,783

99,918

99,843

100,105

100,283

100,560

100,820

101,069

82,073

82,281

82,659

82,748

82,785

83,072

83,198

83,161

83,508

83,655

83,786

83,961

84,197

24,931

24,977

25,101

25,038

24,945

25,038

24,965

24,854

24,869

24,888

24,858

24,872

24,912

907
565

901
560

897
556

880
541

852
518

821
488

790
461

772
446

768
442

753
431

743
422

747
424

741
419

4,765
1,283

4,787
1,287

4,901
1,330

4,864
1,320

4,838
1,298

4,972
1,315

4,974
1,314

4,947
1,299

4,980
1,299

5,012
1,306

5,010
1,301

4,997
1,301

5,008
1,310

19,259

19,289

19,303

19,294

19,255

19,245

19,201

19,135

19,121

19,123

19,105

19,128

19,163

11,453
708

11,461
710
494
593
803
303

11,466
716
494

11,455
716
494
597

11,418

11,415
719

11,378
719

11,302

11,289
746
500

1,456

1,455
2,137
2,182
1,996

1,452
2,127
2,181

11,271
734
500
594
749
270
1,433
2,044
2,162
1,979
834
713
363

11,276

496

11,307
721
496

11,294
724

494
600

7,834
1,644
60

7,852
1,644

7,874

59

709

710
1,113

61
715
1,111
1,495
1,024
161

493
591
801
302
1,459

2,139
2,179

2,133
2,182

596
798
300

795
299

1,998

715
493
594
787

785

599
780
288
1,447

713
363

7,823
1,640
62
705

7,828
1,648
62
707
1,106

7,827

2,100

2,177

2,175

1,986
854
723
369

1,972

1,117
688

7,830
1,633
63
703
1,119
689

1,469

1,472

1,031
166
804

1,028
800

1,113
689
1,474
1,024
166
796

1,993
870
723
367

1,998
872
725
367

867
724
368

864
725
370

7,806

7,828
1,623
64
702
1,130
686

7,839
1,631
63
705
1,122
687
1,467
1,032
167
803
162

7,837

160

157

154

151

792
152

369

1,454
1,037
170
794
164

1,457

164

73,735

73,933

74,195

74,391

74,539

74,745

74,953

74,989

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communication and public utilities

5,272
3,040
2,232

5,277
3,046
2,231

5,286
3,056
2,230

5,277
3,048
2,229

5,280
3,053
2,227

5,266
3,040
2,226

5,265
3,037
2,228

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

5,796
3,451
2,345

5,809
3,460
2,349

5,830
3,470
2,360

5,843
3,482
2,361

5,841
3,480
2,361

5,864
3,485
2,379

17,589
2,326
2,845
1,918
5,783

17,622
2,317
2,870
1,922
5,801

17,734
2,328
2,880
1,929
5,831

17,795
2,333
2,891
1,938
5,854

17,828
2,333
2,901
1,939
5,868

6,070
3,039
1,862
1,169

6,095
3,053
1,868
1,174

6,123
3,066
1,878
1,179

6,157
3,082
1,889
1,186

Services
Business services
Health services

22,415
4,604
6,401

22,501
4,631
6,424

22,585
4,660
6,447

Government

16,593
2,904
3,901
9,788

16,629
2,913
3,904
9,812

16,637
2,918
3,916
9,803

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

Federal
State
Local

1,612
65

701
1,122
687

1,035

169
798




1,632
63
707

690
1,477

1,969
824

1,645
62
710
1,108
687
1,483

7,821
1,642

59
711
1,108
685
1,481
1,026

Sept.

1,110
691
1,485
1,025

Nov.?

Oct.

739
500
591

749
272
1,429
2,039
2,169
1,984
830
712
364

589
751
272
1,427

2,039
2,168
1,995
839

709
365
1,649

695

162

693
1,491
1,024
162
805
151

813

152

797
151

75,236

75,395

75,702

75,948

76,157

5,167
3,035
2,132

5,288
3,057
2,231

5,255
3,063
2,192

5,316
3,088
2,228

5,318
3,093
2,225

5,346
3,111
2,235

5,872
3,488
2,384

5,829
3,454
2,375

5,849
3,483
2,366

5,863
3,485
2,378

5,859
3,485
2,374

5,869
3,492
2,377

5,874
3,496
2,378

17,851
2,342
2,910
1,940
5,859

17,911
2,344
2,917
1,944
5,889

17,944
2,350
2,932
1,945
5,918

17,992
2,354
2,938
1,950
5,931

18,030
2,359
2,951
1,962
5,923

18,065
2,362
2,952
1,970
5,948

18,134
2,378
2,960
1,973
5,978

18,148
2,343
2,973
1,977
6,002

6,184
3,095
1,900
1,189

6,228
3,120
1,910
1,198

6,261
3,137
1,918
1,206

6,295
3,159
1,927
1,209

6,334
3,176
1,945
1,213

6,364
3,192
1,952
1,220

6,388
3,202
1,962
1,224

6,407
3,213
1,971
1,223

6,436
3,227
1,977
1,232

22,638
4,687
6,471

22,707

6,497

22,825
4,750
6,511

22,924
4,755
6,543

23,072 23,176 23,255
4,848
4,835
4,792
6,571 x 6,601 6,634

23,300
4,883
6,649

23,361
4,907
6,677

23,481
4,939
6,700

16,681
2,918
3,924
9,839

16,699
2,923
3,927
9,849

16,711
2,914
3,938
9,859

16,720

16,682
2,875
3,927
9,880

16,597
2,866
3,921
9,810

16,774
2,901
3,932
9,941

16,859
2,895
3,958

16,872
2,891
3,968
10,013

P = preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1985

56

2,168
1,985
839
713
364

717
369

1,451
2,111

7,837
1,623
64
702
1,133
687
1,461
1,034
168
802
163

Service-producing

2,169

721
369

1,450

592

751
272
1,429
2,072

839

291

729
499

758
285
1,428
2,079

761
286
1,440
2,089
2,143
1,974
839

293
2,118
2,177
1,989
858
726

597

498
593

Aug.

166

3,936
9,885

1,026

164
797

1,025
163

163
794

16,628
2,875
3,919
9,834

10,006

150

benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally
adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1985

1986

Industry
Sept.
Total
Total private

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

44,255 44,427 44,601 44,753 44,955 45,127 45,237 45,397 45,556 45,602 45,758 45,906 46,074
36,007 36,160 36,319 36,446 36,639 36,767 36,867 37,014 37,142 37,182 37,386 37,508 37,568
6,811

6,825

6,847

6,866

6,893

6,889

6,887

6,893

6,885

6,866

6,874

6,872

6,877

Mining

120

120

120

119

120

120

118

114

112

108

106

105

102

Construction

472

478

482

486

494

493

499

505

510

512

517

518

520

6,219

6,227

6,245

6,261

6,279

6,276

6,270

6,274

6,263

6,246

6,251

6,249

6,255

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ...
Miscellaneous manufacturing

3,004
108
151
112
102
321
467
908
360
309
166

3,009
108
152
112
102
322
466
907
363
309
168

3,012
109
152
113
103
322
463
906
366
309
169

3,011
110
152
113
103
322
461
905
366
310
169

3,020
110
152
115
103
322
464
905
368
311
170

3,017
111
153
114
103
322
460
903
370
311
170

3,014
112
154
113
102
322
460
901
369
312
169

3,019
111
154
114
102
324
461
902
370
311
170

3,016
112
155
114
101
323
458
903
370
310
170

2,996
113
155
115
99
324
456
887
369
309
169

3,003
114
155
115
99
322
454
901
370
308
165

3,008
115
155
114
101
322
451
903
373
308
166

3,008
115
155
114
101
325
448
901
374
308
167

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,215
495
23
334
901
166
611
287
27
273
98

3,218
498
22
335
900
166
611
286
27
275
98

3,233
500
23
337
901
168
616
286
27
278
97

3,250
508
22
337
908
167
617
287
27
279
98

3,259
507
22
340
912
167
619
287
26
282
97

3,259
513
22
342
902
168
622
287
26
281
96

3,256
513
22
343
899
168
623
287
26
281
94

3,255
512
22
341
902
168
626
286
26
279
93

3,247
513
21
343
895
168
625
287
26
278
91

3,250
517
21
343
892
168
629
288
25
278
89

3,248
512
21
346
894
169
632
287
25
274
88

3,241
510
19
345
889
168
632
288
25
275
90

3,247
511
20
344
890
169
634
288
25
277
89

Goods-producing

Manufacturing

Service-producing

37,444 37,602 37,754 37,887 38,062 38,238 38,350 38,504 38,671 38,736 38,884 39,034 39,197

Transportation and public utilities ...

1,459

1,464

1,468

1,472

1,475

1,478

1,482

1,483

1,486

1,441

1,501

1,482

1,506

Wholesale trade

1,640

1,648

1,653

1,660

1,676

1,689

1,691

1,707

1,718

1,706

1,715

1,715

1,713

Retail trade

9,116

9,151

9,185

9,193

9,268

9,313

9,347

9,362

9,383

9,392

9,422

9,479

9,488

Finance, insurance, and real estate

3,682

3,699

3,730

3,748

3,771

3,796

3,816

3,848

3,878

3,904

3,932

3,957

3,967

Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

13,299 13,373 13,436 13,507 13,556 13,602 13,644 13,721 13,792 13,873 13,942 14,003 14,017
8,248
1,019
1,810
5,419

8,267
1,022
1,816
5,429

8,282
1,026
1,821
5,435

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all




8,307
1,031
1,824
5,452

8,316
1,034
1,832
5,450

8,360
1,038
1,843
5,479

8,370
1,036
1,847
5,487

8,383
1,034
1,856
5,493

8,414
1,030
1,863
5,521

8,420
1,020
1,868
5,532

8,372
1,017
1,868
5,487

8,398
1,021
1,867
5,510

8,506
1,031
1,861
5,614

seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.

57

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Production or nonsupervlsory workers 1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1985

1986

Industry
Nov.
Total private..
Goods-producing .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing .

Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

Nov.1

66,347 66,510 66,856 66,945 66,916 67,167 67,261 67,223 67,517 67,632 67,768 67,879 68,080
17,440 17,486 17,597 17,536 17,454 17,546 17,475 17,388

17,395

17,429

17,407 17,416 17,467

642

638

634

622

598

573

547

535

533

526

520

523

521

3,724

3,748

3,852

3,817

3,795

3,913

3,903

3,874

3,901

3,932

3,927

3,907

3,913

13,061 13,060 13,025 12,979

12,961

13,074 13,100 13,111 13,097

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
,
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

7,594
595
394
454

7,595
597
394
455

608
233
1,078
1,283
1,270
1,260

611
234
1,076
1,278
1,267

389
263

1,263
676
390
264

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

5,480
1,126
48
605
946
520
804
575
105
61
136

5,505
1,137
48
606
952
520
808
575
104
619
136

Service-producing

Jan.

674

48,90

7,579
602
394
459
604

7,545
602
395
459
596
225

7,547
605
395
463
596
224

1,069
1,267
1,251
1,247
660

1,073
1,263
1,249

39;
266

392

266

392
268

266

390
267

5,516
1,137
48
608
956
521
811
573
104
623
135

5,518
1,145
47
609
946
521
815
574
104
623
134

5,516
1,145
48
611
940
52
81
573
103
625
133

5,513
1,145
48
607
943
522
820
572
103
623
130

5,506
1,149
47
610
938
523
820
569
103
620
12

7,595
602
394
459
606
232
1,076
1,280
1,262
1,259

669
391

231
1,072
1,272
1,258
1,258
666

1,245
658

7,519

605
397
462
591
222
1,068
1,256
1,250
1,233
645

7,462
606
397
460
574
220
1,062

7,441
604

12,971 12,960 12,986 13,033

7,466
626
401
453
563
205

639
388
264

7,443
619
401
455
560
206
1,056
1,212
1,248
1,239
634
389
264

5,522
1,157
44
61
937
523
827
57;
102
624
12-

5,543
1,157
44
615
940
527
832
57;
103
629
124

5,567
1,164
45
620
940
529
832
573
103
637
124

7,438
615
401
457
560
204
1,058
1,215
1,245
1,235

267

629
387
264

7,458
610
400
456
562
207
1,054
1,239
1,249
1,235
640
389
264

5,517
1,160
46
611
933
524
823
57;
103
621
124

5,520
1,158
47
614
936
522
828
57;
10;
617
124

5,513
1,153
43
615
935
519
825
574
103
621
125

1,250
1,224
1,233
644
389

398
458

569
220
1,052
1,240
1,246
1,22;

1,055
1,214
1,255
1,248

642
386
265

49,024 49,259 49,409 49,462 49,621 49,786 49,835 50,122 50,203 50,361 50,463 50,613

Transportation and public utilities .

4,374

4,381

4,384

4,377

4,373

4,362

4,361

4,270

4,354

4,325

4,413

4,419

4,446

Wholesale trade

4,658

4,665

4,686

4,695

4,693

4,71

4,71

4,674

4,705

4,708

4,700

4,698

4,701

15,657

15,669

15,880 15,939 15,981 16,018

16,045

16,091 16,143

16,125

4,495

4,513

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

15,794 15,854 15,86"
4,532




4,57

4,603

4,629

4,651

4,683

4,704

4,716

4,721

4,743

19,723 19,796 19,863 19,929 19,958 20,064 20,146 20,259 20,362 20,421 20,441 20,482 20,598

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.

58

4,554

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.
July and August data for total private, service-producing, and wholesale trade
have been corrected.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
INDEXES OF DIFFUSION
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-7. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased, seasonally adjusted

Time
span

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Over
1 -month
span

1984
1985
1986

67.8
52.4
59.7

72.7
47.8
53.5

67.6
53.8
45.1

67.6
49.2
54.1

62.4
51.6
49.2

65.4
47.0
46.2

62.2
56.2
54.6

55.9
56.8
54.3

50.5
50.8
54.9

63.0
61.9
P
55.7

53.5
57.6
p
60.0

57.0
59.5

Over
3-month
span

1984
1985
1986

76.5
51.1
58.1

75.1
49.7
54.3

75.9
46.2
51.1

71.4
46.2
49.7

71.6
45.1
48.4

68.1
51.4
44.9

63.2
49.7
47.3

58.1
51.1
54.1

56.8
55.1
P
55.7

53.5
55.9
p
60.3

58.1
61.4

53.0
60.5

Over
6-month
span

1984
1985
1986

78.1
49.2
53.8

76.5
47.8
53.8

77.0
43.0
47.6

75.1
45.9
45.9

69.2
44.3
45.9

65.1
44.3
48.6

59.2
50.8
55.4

58.6
54.1

53.2
57.0

49.7
57.0

54.9
55.9

Over
12-month
span

1984
1985
1986

81.1
46.2
50.3

78.1
45.7
51.1

72.2
46.8
52.2

68.9
44.9
53.2

67.8
47.3

62.7
48.9

59.7
47.3

54.6
49.5

51.4
48.9

48.6
48.6

1

P

72.2
43.8
52.4

P

Based on the number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,
3, and 6 month spans, on the payrolls of 185 private nonagricultural
industries. Data for the 12-month span are unadjusted.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment




P

63.2
48.9
49.7
65.7
47.6

P

rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.)
Data are centered within the spans. Establishment survey estimates
are currently projected from March 1985 benchmark levels. When
more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted
data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.

59

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry
(In thousands)

Construction

Mining

Total
State and area

Birmingham ...
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery.
Tuscaloosa ..

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.

1,436.1
372.5
112.9
157.5
116.9
55.2

1,442.1
377.1
115.2
156.1
116.5
56.9

1,453.6
381.1
115.2
156.6
117.0
57.1

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1985

14.6
7.5
.1
1.1
.1
3.1

Oct.
1986P

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1985

11.7
5.8
.1
.8
.1

11.9

2.9

2.9

5.9
.1
.7
.1

74.4
21.1
4.4
11.9
7.5
2.7

Oct.
1986*

73.5
23.0
4.8
10.8
7.7
3.3

73.0
23.0
4.8

10.3
7.7
3.2

235.5

234.2

224.3

9.6

8.1

7.9

21.5

18.3

17.0

1,305.4
857.8
236.6

1,354.6
893.4
241.9

1,365.7
902.4
243.3

11.8

10.6
.5
1.6

10.7
.5
1.6

112.6
78.3
21.8

114.2
79.1
22.3

113.5
78.5
22.2

816.9
44.7
70.8
225.1
31.7

839.2
45.9
72.1
225.0
34.0

837.8
45.6
72.3
224.8
33.5

5.3

4.5

4.4

38.5
2.1
3.1
12.6
1.9

40.5
2.1
3.5
12.8
3.8

39.1
2.0
3.4

11,118.3
1,002.2
155.2
193.2
3,867.1
94.9
777.5
187.9
523.1
499.3
102.6
795.2
924.3
790.0
140.3
115.9
134.5
116.3

11,305.4
1,024.2
149.2
200.9
3,917.0
103.8
809.9
195.0
540.6
520.5
105.8
816.5
934.6
790.1
142.4
117.9
140.0
121.1

11,358.4
1,034.7
150.4
199.0
3,944.6
100.8
809.9
196.0
547.1
521.8
106.1
819.4
939.4
792.2
144.7
117.3
137.8
120.7

50.5
3.1
16.5
1.0

500.1
52.3
9.2
11.3
121.5
6.4
47.:

509.0
54.5

510.1
54.5
8.4
11.7
123.9
6.3
49.8
10.3
42.2
32.2

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver

1,436.4
105.6
827.7

1,441.6
107.4
823.1

1,450.8
109.0
826.7

32.0

27,

27.0

20.

17^8

17.9

Connecticut

1,592.7
193.2
449.0
62.8
238.7
121.9
86.1

1,623.2
197.1
460.6
63.9
243.5
124.6
83.9

1,625.4
197.7
460.8
63.7
239.7
124.4
85.2

298.7
260.0

301.6
260.4

304.7
264.7

District of Columbia ...
Washington MSA

630.9
1,936.8

648.8
1,994.0

649.2
2,006.0

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ...
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach .

4,457.0
102.0
428.4
93.6

4,575.8

4,620.8
109.0
439.7
100.3

86.3
366.8

99.2
735.7

89.2
383.6
132.0
136.8
804.2
439.8
120.2
93.8
102.8
750.2

284.8

293.9

Arizona ...
Phoenix
Tucson...
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock .
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto

Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc.
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington .

See footnotes at end of table.

60




132.8
137.5
787.9
416.2
117.7
91.0

109.2
437.4
99.0

90.3
384.3
133.6
136.6
808.6
444.9
120.1
94.8
103.8
752.6
300.0

.6
2.3

1.1
.4

V)

1.0
.4

0)

0)

12.7
.1
2.0
3.2

42.5
2.7
11.2
.7
11.5
.1

42.6
2.6
11.4
.7

1.9
3.1
1.:
.8

1.9
3.
1.3
.8

.8
1.-

.8
1..

13
.9

1.7
.2
1.5

11.6
.1

1.4

8.9
39.6
29.4
3/
48.8
33.3
34.3
6.

7.9
8.
7.;

1.8

1.

(1)

0)

1.8

(1)

(1)

0)

O

0)

0)

1.
9.

9.6

0)

9

0)
0)

V)

0)

0)
O
(1)

o

0)

0

0)

3.9
50.3
36.3
31.9
6.7
7.6
8.3
7.6

87.5
4.8
45.7

86.2

5.2
49.6
71.5
7.8
17
3.8
11.5
5.4
3.9

77.;
8.8
19.3
3.9
12.5
5.7
4.2

76.9
8.7

19.'
19.J

18.4
16.6

17.9
16.3

4.9
44.9

19.4
3.8
12.5
5.8
4.3

13/
116.1

16.!
127.!

16.5
128.9

337.1
7.'
37.2

340/
7.!
37.!
11.!
4.I
27.:
8.!
8.!
38.
35J
10.

340.3
7.5
37.6

11.
4.:
26.!
8.I
9.,
38.
32/
9J

0

8.1
11.6
123.0
6.3
49.9
10.3
42.1
32.4
3.8
50.0
36.0
32.3
6.
7.6
8.5
7.

12.6
3.5

10.
4.I
61.:
27.

9.
5.,
61.
29.

12.1
4.5

26.9
8.7
8.8
38.5

35.1
10.2
10.0
5.2
61.3
29.6

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

Manufacturing
State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986
353.7
51.0
30.7
25.7
17.4
9.0

Oct.
1986"

Oct.
1985
72.8
29.1
2.5
9.4
4.6
2.0

Sept.
1986
71.5
29.4
2.5
9.1
4.5
2.1

Oct.
1986P
71.8
29.4
2.5
9.0
4.5
2.1

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986*

Alabama
Birmingham ..
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery.
Tuscaloosa ..

356.2
55.2
31.2
25.6
17.1
8.2
9.5

15.2

10.4

19.2

19.8

18.8

47.4

46.0

44.9

Arizona...
Phoenix
Tucson..,

182.2
129.8
32.3

185.4
131.4
32.7

185.1
131.4
32.4

63.6
41.4
9.3

65.2
42.9
9.7

65.9
43.5
9.8

320.2
218.8
53.2

333.0
228.0
55.0

335.4
230.2
55.3

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock .
Pine Bluff

211.0
9.4
24.1
34.2
5.7

216.5
10.1
24.7
32.7
6.1

215.8
10.0
24.9
32.0
5.8

49.3
3.8
3.4
15.1
3.0

51.8
3.8
3.3
14.6
2.8

52.4
3.9
3.3
14.7
2.8

185.5
10.8
15.8
54.6
6.6

190.9
11.0
15.8
55.1
6.6

190.2
10.9
15.8
55.2
6.6

2,100.1
241.5
10.5
22.9
903.1
20.1
104.7
28.5
66.9
35.8
10.0
123.0
81.4
287.7
23.2
18.1
21 5
10.9

2,127.1
241.7
10.3
25.2
910.6
25.9
105.7
29.1
69.1
39.7
10.1
120.6
79.2
281.7
23.9
18.3
25.2
12.6

2,113.2
242.3
10.3
25.3
912.7
22.3
104.8
29.1
69.5
37.0
9.9
120.2
79.8
279.9
24.1
18.1
21.6
11.4

568.9
33.4
8.4
10.3
200.9
4.3
51.0
8.9
29.8
23.7
5.3
31.3
82.9
22.3
5.5
5.4
8.2
4.5

577.4
34.0
8.6
10.8
203.2
4.5
56.4
10.3
30.4
24.3
5.3
31.6
80.1
22.0
5.6
5.6
9.0
4.6

575.6
34.2
8.5
10.7
200.7
4.4
55.8
10.4
30.6
24.4
5.3
31.5
80.3
22.3
5.6
5.6
8.6
4.6

2,646.2
252.4
38.5
49.2
902.1
24.3
193.9
48.2
132.9
120.7
28.0
188.7
213.5
151.9
33.7
29.4
32.2
27.1

2,720.3
264.5
39.3
50.3
915.1
26.0
203.4
50.3
136.3
124.7
29.5
198.4
221.8
157.3
34.7
30.5
33.4
29.0

2,735.1
268.4
39.5
50.0
920.5
26.4
203.0
50.1
137.8
125.2
29.5
198.9
222.6
158.7
34.9
30.4
34.2
29.1

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver

193.4
29.0
102.6

191.1
28.8
99.5

191.4
29.0
99.2

89.8
2.5
64.6

85.9
2.5
61.4

86.2
2.4
61.5

355.3
21.9
206.5

360.6
23.2
207.9

361.7
23.6
208.7

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury

409.1
62.8
92.9
21.6
47.3
28.1
28.3

402.7
62.0
92.3
21.5
46.7
26.4
26.7

403.8
62.2
92.5
21.1
47.0
26.1
26.5

70.1
7.5
17.1
3.4
17.6
4.9
3.2

71.9
7.7
17.8
3.5
17.8
5.0
3.2

62.8
6.9
16.5
3.4
12.8
4.7
2.8

357.8
44.8
97.3
12.0
56.3
29.4
16.4

368.9
47.0
99.2
12.6
58.3
30.4
16.9

370.2
47.4
98.9
12.5
58.7
30.7
16.9

Delaware
Wilmington .

72.2
62.1

67.8
58.2

68.8
59.1

12.3
13.3

11.9
13.5

12.1
13.7

65.3
53.2

68.1
55.1

67.5
55.9

District of Columbia .
Washington MSA

15.2
82.5

15.5
82.5

15.4
82.9

25.5
88.2

24.2
89.1

24.2
89.3

64.6
387.5

62.7
393.6

62.8
395.7

515.5
12.0
44.0
4.9
5.2
37.4
21.6
26.8
93.9
48.7
11.5
7.5
4.1
91.4
36.9

524.4
12.4
44.9
5.2
5.3
38.1
20.4
26.7
94.0
52.7
10.8
8.0
4.1
91.0
35.5

526.2
12.4
45.0
5.2
5.3
37.8
20.8
26.7
93.5
53.6
10.8
8.1
4.1
91.0
35.4

243.6
3.2
20.7
4.2
1.7
28.0
5.9
5.4
67.4
21.3
6.7
3.5
2.8
37.2
10.4

242.6
3.3
20.8
4.6
1.7
28.4
6.3
5.4
68.8
22.1
6.5
3.6
3.0
36.7
10.9

244.4
3.4
20.6
4.6
1.8
28.4
6.4
5.4
68.5
22.1
6.5
3.6
3.0
36.5
11.3

1,197.0
29.1
124.4
27.9
18.8
99.9
36.0
31.1
211.2
113.8
29.6
26.2
21.0
201.7
72.6

1,243.8
32.6
126.4
29.6
20.7
106.6
36.0
31.6
216.2
119.8
30.3
27.4
22.1
207.3
75.7

1,258.4
32.1
127.8
30.3
20.8
107.1
36.3
31.9
218.5
121.0
30.3
27.7
22.2
208.0
78.2

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc..
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach ...
See footnotes at end of table.




354.5
53.0
30.6
25.7
17.3
8.8

303.3
91.8
21.4
41.6
26.1
11.1

318.2
97.8
22.0
42.7
25.9
11.2

318.7
98.2
22.0
42.6
26.0
11.3

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986
70.2
27.8
3.2
7.9
7.1
1.8

Oct.
1986»
70.1
27.7
3.2
7.8
7.1
1.8

Oct.
1985

13.1

12.8

12.7

45.4

46.0

43.9

69.8

68.0

68.7

91.1
71.7
12.9

91.2
71.8
12.9

303.5
205.8
57.0

323.6
220.4
59.2

326.5
223.2
59.8

228.6
118.1
48.9

231.5
119.4
48.5

237.4
123.3
49.3

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock .
Pine Bluff

36.9
1.5
2.6
15.0
1.6

38.0
1.4
2.8
15.3
1.7

37.9
1.5
2.8
15.2
1.7

141.9
6.1
13.4
47.9
5.6

149.2
6.3
13.7
49.2
5.6

149.4
6.3
13.7
49.4
5.6

148.5
11.0
7.3
45.3
7.3

147.8
11.2
7.3
44.9
7.4

148.6
11.0
7.5
45.3
7.5

749.5
74.9
5.9
13.1
263.0
4.1
47.3
10.3
22.3
28.8
4.7
52.6
111.9
32.0
7.4
7.9
8.1
4.8

767.7
78.3
5.9
13.8
269.6
4.3
52.3
10.4
23.4
31.0
5.0
53.7
109.9
33.2
7.6
8.0
8.0
5.0

768.1
78.1
5.9
13.7
270.6
4.3
52.1
10.4
23.3
30.9
5.0
53.8
110.2
33.1
7.6
8.0
8.0
5.0

2,679.5
234.4
29.3
43.3
979.2
20.1
175.2
40.3
120.3
102.3
24.8
200.7
264.3
181.6
36.3
25.0
27.8
25.5

2,750.5
240.7
29.6
47.7
1,007.3
20.7
182.9
41.8
123.8
107.6
25.8
210.7
271.1
182.8
37.4
25.9
28.1
26.7

2,750.1
241.6
29.7
44.9
1,009.7
20.6
183.2
41.9
126.2
108.4
25.9
210.4
271.6
184.5
37.7
25.3
28.2
26.7

1,823.5
110.2
36.9
42.1
484.6
15.5
156.2
39.6
110.0
157.7
25.7
149.4
135.3
80.0
26.0
21.5
28.5
35.9

1,810.9
107.8
36.2
40.8
476.7
16.0
157.4
39.7
114.2
160.0
25.8
150.7
135.1
80.6
25.1
21.4
27.7
35.2

1,863.6
113.0
36.7
42.0
494.9
16.4
159.3
40.7
116.2
162.9
26.1
153.5
137.2
81.6
26.7
21.8
28.8
36.0

98.7
3.8
67.0

100.7
4.0
68.8

100.7
4.0
68.8

320.9
21.5
195.4

338.3
22.9
201.9

337.1
22.9
202.3

257.4
21.4
121.3

250.1
21.0
120.1

260.4
22.0
123.5

132.0
10.0
68.5
3.2
13.6
10.1
3.6

139.5
10.5
72.3
3.5
14.1
10.7
3.6

139.9
10.8
72.4
3.6
14.2
10.6
3.6

358.2
41.9
98.2
12.2
62.3
34.0
19.9

371.2
43.1
102.2
12.8
65.0
36.3
19.0

373.3
42.9
102.9
12.8
64.8
36.3
20.5

192.3
18.4
57.2
6.6
29.8
9.2
10.8

190.0
18.0
57.2
6.1
28.8
9.3
10.3

196.7
18.8
57.9
6.5
29.4
9.4
10.6

20.2
18.8

22.1
21.1

22.1
21.3

63.9
56.7

67.7
59.5

68.3
60.0

45.4
36.5

45.5
36.3

47.9
38.2

District of Columbia .
Washington MSA

34.8
108.8

35.2
115.6

35.2
115.1

217.8
595.1

228.5
621.6

228.5
621.5

259.1
557.0

266.0
562.4

266.5
571.3

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville

322.7
6.1
35.9
6.9
3.3
33.1
7.7
5.1
65.3
27.3
5.0
7.7
4.6
57.9
23.7

333.8
6.6
37.5
7.3
3.5
34.7
7.7
5.0
67.9
29.6
5.1
7.9
4.5
59.7
23.8

336.5
6.5
37.8
7.3
3.5
34.7
7.8
5.0
67.3
29.9
5.1
7.9
4.5
59.9
24.1

1,141.7
27.5
113.1
24.1
19.1
86.0
30.1
41.1
209.2
122.6
28.1
24.7
18.6
191.8
78.6

1,185.3
29.8
116.1
25.7
20.0
90.9
30.5
40.3
213.7
128.4
29.4
25.7
19.8
197.8
82.5

1,188.3
30.1
116.9
25.8
20.1
91.2
30.6
39.5
214.4
129.3
29.3
26.1
19.8
198.5
84.0

688.8
16.7
52.7
14.3
33.8
55.0
18.2
18.8
101.1
49.7
26.9
11.1
43.0
93.8
34.9

695.6
17.0
53.4
14.6
33.3
57.1
18.7
19.2
104.1
52.1
27.1
11.2
43.9
96.0
36.5

716.9
17.0
53.6
14.8
34.2
57.7
18.8
19.3
107.1
53.8
27.6
11.3
44.8
96.8
37.3

Delaware
Wilmington ...

Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach ...
See footnotes at end of table.

62




294.2
57.9
28.3
25.8
30.3
19.1

Oct.
1986?

82.9
65.0
11.8

Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury

303.2
59.1
28.1
27.3
31.1
18.9

Sept.
1986

Arizona ....
Phoenix .
Tucson...

Connecticut

248.8
84.6
23.4
33.1
23.4
7.6

Oct.
1985

66.5
26.8
3.2
8.0
7.0
1.8

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver

249.1
84.4
23.6
33.3
23.5
7.5

Oct.
1986»

Alabama
Birmingham ..
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery.
Tuscaloosa ..

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc..
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

245.1
81.9
22.0
32.6
23.4
7.4

Sept.
1986

304.8
59.3
28.6
27.4
30.9
19.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

State and area

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins.
Savannah

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.

2,606.0
50.1
60.3
1,293.0
147.0
89.6
116.0

2,672.9

2,683.7
48.0

48.0
58.2
1,349.4
146.9

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

8.0
>

96.5

89.6
116.4
99.3

Honolulu .

423.2
340.8

426.1
342.2

431.4
347.3

Idaho
Boise City.

349.9
87.8

344.2
90.1

342.4

4.0

4,802.3
127.3

4,857.3
131.5
53.7
78.3

4,867.8
131.4
53.7
80.8

29.3

2,991.9

3,006.2

2.7

145.8

145.1
50.1
93.8
32.0
180.2
129.1

Anderson
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka.
Terre Haute

52.9
80.0
2,968.3

149.2
49.9
93.0
32.3
175.6

49.6
94.1

32.9

130.3

181.7
129.2

120.4

122.3

91.2

91.5

2,225.6
48.5
88.5
123.2

2,296.3

169.4
219.9
561.9
62.1
48.9

49.1

121.5
91.1
2,303.0
48.5

92.4

92.1

124.1
173.5
210.1
579.1

123.5
173.6
210.7
581.8

62.9

63.2
49.3

.1

.1
1.6
.5
.1
.2

1.2
.5
.1
.2

0)

V)
2.7

2.6

26.4

26.4
0)
O

0)1
()
V)
2.5

V)
1

()
0)1
(1)
()
01
()
0

()

0)
01
()
0)
0)
0)

0

10.1

V)

0)
2.8

o1
(1)
()

0
0)1

0)

()

O

1,081.3
84.0
196.8
(*)

990.3
31.0
83.3

206.6

999.3
<*)
84.5
208.2

1,003.5
<*)
84.2
208.3

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette.
Louisville
Owensboro

1,266.4
169.4
417.1
32.7

1,288.7
167.3
433.5
32.7

1,293.9
168.2
434.5
32.8

44.
.9
1.1

1.0

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux .
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,609.0
45.3
216.5
62.0

1,517.8
(*)
213.9
53.0
86.9
55.4
55.4
511.1

1,520.3

80.4

57.8

1.2
7.9
17.2
2.

1.3
6.3

Lewiston-Aubum.,
Portland

99.6
59.0
56.3
533.8
143.1
470.6
37.9
110.9

1

132.3

213.6
53.2
85.1
55.6
54.8
511.2
130.8

484.9
38.3
114.8

483.2
38.3
115.4

2.3
()

.5

.5

2.4

23

()
(*)
(*)
(1)

O
0)
0)

2.5

2.6

1,072.3
83.0
195.3
(*)
(*)
47.8
56.9

ft

9.5

9.6

()

1,091.2
82.7
194.4
40.7
49.1
48.5
60.9

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

2.5
()

108.3
52.8

i)
48.2
57.2

.1
1.7
.5
.1
.2

0)

105.9
52.9

2

O

0)

48.6
107.9
52.6

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls .

Oct.
1985
8.7

8.6
)

61.0
1,355.2
146.9
89.6
116.7
99.7

Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline..
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
,
Rockford
Springfield

Oct.

()
(*)

t2)

O

16.

o
o

11.3

C2)

i2)

0

3.

19.0
5.0

43.3
1.0

13.7
1."
16.3
3.0

O

43.0
1.0

58.2
•)
1.3
6.4
13.2
1.6
16.4
2.

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

152.5
2.4
2.7
77.9
9.2
5.4
5.4
5.3

163.6
2.4
2.7
89.4
9.2
5.3
5.3
7.3

166.1
2.4
2.6
91.6
9.1
5.3
5.3
7.6

17.5
14.0

19.1
15.2

19.3
15.5

17.9
5.9

16.8
6.0

16.2
5.9

204.4
4.7
1.4
2.1
118.7
4.9
1.8
4.7
1 3
7.
5.9
3.9
2.9

204.0
5.3
1.4
2.2
120.8
4.9
1.8
4.5
1.3
7.2
5.9
3.9
2.8

201.3
5.4
1.3
2.1
120.9
4.9
1.8
4.5
1.2
7.2
5.8
3.9
2.8

102.;
1..
2.5
7.4
7.9
14.1
27.0
1.9
1.6
4.
1.9

114.5
1.5
2.7
7.4
9.0
13.9
29.1
2.;
1.8
5.1
2.0

116.8
1.4
2.8
7.4
9.1
14.3
29.1
2.2
1.8
5.1
1.9

39.3
3
9.0
1.;
1,
1.5
2.1

41.0
3.5
10.5

39.9
3.5
10.1

C2)

1.5
1.8

47.9
1.0
3.6
9.

4
10.1

61.4
9.6
21.5
1.

21.7
2.0

11.3

45.8
:2)
4.2
67.1
11.2
21.9
2.0

108.;
3J
22.
2.
5.i
3.
3.
28.,
8.

93.4

24.2
8.0

92.2
(*)
21.3
2.0
4.2
3.7
3.7
24.0
7.3

25.
1.
6,

29.9
1.9
7.0

29.7
1.9
6.8

21.4
2.0
4.!
3.
4.0

See footnotes at end of table.




63

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and i
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986"

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986"

560.3
10.7
15.0
185.0
37.1
20.8
20.0
15.7

559.7
8.6
15.0
186.1
36.3
20.2
20.0
15.7

557.7
8.5
15.0
185.9
36.2
19.9
20.0
15.6

163.6
2.6
1.7
105.5
4.9
3.3
5.0
9.6

166.5
2.5
1.8
107.4
4.8
3.3
4.9
9.9

166.7
2.4
1.8
107.8
4.7
3.3
4.9
9.8

660.6
12.5
12.7
371.3
31.9
19.7
25.6
25.0

686.3
12.5
12.8
389.4
31.8
19.7
25.7
24.7

689.5
12.6
12.9
392.4
31.7
19.7
25.6
24.8

Hawaii
Honolulu .

21.7
15.8

21.4
15.6

21.3
15.6

33.8
27.7

34.0
27.9

33.8
27.7

115.4
91.5

117.9
92.9

117.8
92.9

Idaho
Boise City.

57.3
10.9

53.9
10.8

53.2
10.8

19.6
5.6

18.9
5.9

18.8
5.7

87.0
22.5

85.7
23.3

85.6
23.3

977.3
36.8
4.4
7.5
577.9
32.2
14.8
19.8
5.1
41.7
31.6
44.6
3.8

962.1
37.2
5.1
7.4
562.2
28.7
13.7
20.7
5.1
41.3
30.3
45.4
3.7

958.3
37.1
4.8
7.5
562.6
28.4
14.1
20.6
5.1
41.1
30.3
45.1
3.7

278.2
3.0
3.2
2.3
187.2
8.2
4.4
8.7
1.4
6.0
6.6
4.4
4.7

275.5
3.2
2.9
2.0
187.1
8.0
4.3
8.6
1.4
5.8
6.5
4.5
4.6

275.4
3.2
2.9
2.0
187.8
8.0
4.4
8.6
1.4
5.9
6.5
4.4
4.6

1,175.6
34.8
12.7
19.5
734.7
41.2
11.0
21.5
8.2
43.0
33.7
27.3
18.4

1,203.6
35.8
12.7
19.6
743.6
41.0
11.4
21.6
8.2
42.7
32.8
27.5
18.6

1,215.9
35.8
12.8
19.5
747.6
41.0
11.7
21.5
8.2
43.2
33.5
27.7
18.5

Indiana
Anderson
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka.
Terre Haute

608.8
19.4
47.4
31.5
47.1
60.0
106.7
11.5
10.8
24.6
10.8

602.3
19.2
49.4
31.5
47.8
49.7
106.6
11.5
10.8
24.1
10.6

597.3
18.6
49.1
30.6
47.6
49.5
106.4
11.5
10.7
24.1
10.6

111.9
1.2
2.8
6.6
11.0
13.9
32.9
1.7
2.3
4.4
2.6

114.2
1.3
2.9
6.7
11.2
13.4
34.0
1.7
2.2
4.7
2.5

115.3
1.3
2.9
6.7
11.2
13.4
34.2
1.7
2.3
4.7
2.6

522.6
10.5
16.5
30.8
41.8
49.9
145.0
12.8
11.7
27.7
14.1

559.9
10.8
17.4
31.5
42.0
50.3
149.9
13.0
12.0
28.7
14.5

561.4
10.9
17.3
31.6
41.9
50.1
150.7
12.9
12.0
28.7
14.4

Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls .

204.8
22.2
21.7
12.3
3.9
10.1
13.8

195.4
22.6
20.8

194.6
22.6
20.8

ft
(*) 9.7
9.5

49.2
4.1
12.7
(*)
(*)
3.1
1.9

49.4
4.0
12.7
(^
(*)
3.1
1.8

280.4
20.2
50.8
8.9
9.6
12.3
14.2

277.1
19.7
51.2
(*)
(*)
11.9
14.1

277.0
19.9
51.4

(2)

51.6
3.9
13.1
1.7
1.1
3.2
1.9

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka ....
Wichita

174.7
4.5
9.1
55.0

174.8
(*)
9.1
56.3

174.2
(*)
8.9
56.0

65.3
1.4
7.1
9.9

64.1
(*)
6.9
9.7

64.8
(*)
6.8
9.7

248.3
7.0
18.9
50.5

252.8

253.4

ft

(2)

18.8
51.7

18.8
51.8

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette.
Louisville
Owensboro

254.1
29.5
85.9
6.1

252.1
27.8
85.8
5.6

251.5
27.4
85.7
5.7

67.6
7.6
25.1
2.3

68.2
7.6
25.4
2.3

68.7
7.6
25.6
2.3

299.8
40.2
106.0
8.3

305.6
39.1
111.8
8.2

308.3
39.5
111.9
8.2

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux .
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

176.7
3.5
20.4
5.2
6.1
9.1
7.4
44.9
21.3

166.9

167.9
(*)
19.9
4.2
4.6
8.5
7.8
42.8
18.0

115.4
2.3
10.1
7.8
7.3
4.2
2.8
45.9
8.6

103.8
(*)
10.5
5.7
6.4
4.2
2.5
43.1
7.7

103.6

20.0
4.1
4.6
8.5
7.7
42.9
18.2

10.4
5.8
6.5
4.2
2.5
43.0
7.7

389.9
10.9
51.3
15.3
25.9
14.8
16.2
142.3
33.7

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn .
Portland

107.0
10.7
16.4

105.6
10.5
16.7

106.1
10.3
16.7

19.6
1.3
5.6

19.9
1.4
5.9

19.6
1.4
5.9

111.2
8.8
32.6

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins..
Savannah

Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline..
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

See footnotes at end of table.

64




9.7
9.5

O

(2)

375.2

(2)
(2)

12.0
14.1

376.9

t2)

(2)

50.5
13.3
23.6
14.1
15.5
136.9
30.7

50.9
13.2
23.2
14.0
15.0
137.6
30.4

116.4
9.0
33.8

114.5
9.0
33.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

Services

State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.

493.3
7.7

493.5
7.7
8.5
300.0
26.3
14.5

20.1

8.5
300.6
26.3
14.5
20.1
20.8

32.7
27.8

110.6
86.9

23.9
8.3

23.6
8.2

243.5
7.3
2.6
3.6
1.6
5.4
6.7
4.8
7.7

345.1
6.5
8.7
2.6
252.4
7.4
2.5
3.7
1.5
5.4
7.0
4.8
7.7

107.3
1.6
2.3
4.7
10.9
7.8
41.2
2.7
1.5
5.2
1.7

139.4
2.5
1.9
90.8
5.5
5.9
6.8
4.4

145.7
2.5
1.9
94.5
5.8
6.2
7.1
4.4

145.3
2.5
1.9
93.9
5.8
6.2
7.1
4.4

469.8

Hawaii
Honolulu .

32.0
27.1

32.6
27.8

Idaho
Boise City..

23.6
8.2
338.9
6.6
8.7
2.6

Oct.

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

449.2
11.8
15.5
180.3
32.2
20.3
33.1
16.5

456.2
11.9
18.3

20.1
20.7

452.0
11.7
18.0
177.4
32.2
20.3
33.0
16.6

113.3
89.3

113.3
89.2

92.2
77.8

87.8
73.5

93.2
78.6

67.0
18.2

69.7
19.2

68.1
19.1

73.5
16.4

72.6
16.5

74.3
16.7

345.2
6.6
8.7
2.6
251.8
7.4
2.5
3.6
1.6
5.4
7.0
4.9
7.8

1,106.0
26.9
10.6
13.1
748.2
28.5
9.8
18.7
8.0
39.6
30.3
23.2
22.3

1,140.4
29.4
10.8
13.6
764.7
29.1
10.4
19.3
8.3
45.5
31.1
24.2
22.9

1,137.3
28.9
10.8
13.1
767.8
28.6
10.0
18.9
8.0
43.5
30.4
23.2
22.2

692.6
14.4
11.9
32.9
355.4
26.9
6.7
31.9
15.5
12.2
31.3

700.2
14.0
12.1
30.9
358.6
26.7
5.4
15.5
7.1
33.1
15.6
12.0
31.1

708.0
14.3
12.4
34.0
365.2
26.8
5.5
15.9
6.5
33.2
15.6
12.3
31.4

113.3
1.6
2.4
4.8
11.4
8.0
42.7
2.8
1.6
5.3
1.7

113.0
1.6
2.4
4.8
11.4
7.9
42.6
2.8
1.5
5.3
1.7

419.0
8.7
11.8
27.8
33.4
43.0
121.3

439.3
9.0
12.3
28.0
34.8
44.2
128.3
10.7

440.9
9.1
12.3
28.0
34.9
44.3

10.5

10.3

10.4

343.7
5.7
5.2
11.6
17.3
31.2
87.0
21.0
11.5
10.9
10.8

343.3
5.7
5.3
11.6
17.3
30.6
87.8
21.0
10.5
10.7
10.5

348.9
5.6
5.3
11.9
17.5
31.2
88.8
21.3
11.3
11.1
10.7

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls .

63.5
4.8
24.9
1.4
1.3
2.6
3.2

64.8
5.0
25.6

64.8
5.0
25.7

213.6
10.4
28.6
3.6
24.6

205.1
9.7
27.6

214.7
10.3
28.7

2.6
3.2

237.3
18.2
46.8
(*)
CO
12.8
14.1

238.6
18.5
47.3

2.6
3.2

235.7
17.8
46.3
11.6
7.2
12.4
13.6

12.9
14.1

6.4
12.1

Kansas
Lawrence .
Topeka
Wichita

53.3
.9

54.5

54.3

189.5
5.0

197.5

5.8
10.8

6.1
11.5

6.1
11.6

18.2
41.8

196.8
(*)
18.5
42.4

194.8
11.2
20.5
25.5

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette.
Louisville
Owensboro

58.4
8.3

61.4
8.7
28.9
1.3

61.7
8.7
28.8
1.4

250.1
39.0

256.7
38.1
98.3
7.2

256.1
98.2
7.2

57.9

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux .
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

85.7
2.5

84.6
(*)
13.8
2.6
3.6
2.6
4.5
32.9
8.1

83.9
C2)

323.5
9.9

316.8

317.4

14.0
2.6
3.9
2.7
4.5
33.1
7.9

13.7
2.6
3.4
2.6
4.4

41.1

42.2
7.9
17.3
9.9

32.6
8.1

11.1
132.9
31.8

(*)
42.1
8.1
17.8
10.0
10.9

21.3
1.9
9.7

23.0
2.0
10.7

23.0
2.0
10.8

96.5
9.5
25.6

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins.
Savannah

Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline.
Decatur
joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
Indiana
Anderson
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka.
Terre Haute

Lewiston-Auburn ...
Portland

27.3
1.2

7.6
8.2
283.7
25.5
14.1

20.1

10.5
9.5
28.4

92.8
7.1

9.1
19.9

11.4

129.3

9.7

10.8
9.7

29.3

29.3

18.5
42.3

38.8

5.3
15.8

230.8
34.3
4.9

130.2
30.1

11.1
130.4
30.3

329.2
13.0
55.7
11.4
13.7
11.0
9.9
87.5
26.3

101.7
9.6
27.0

100.0
9.7
26.7

89.0
3.8
14.6

181.9
32.6
20.6
33.4
16.8

(*)
6.2
12.3

6.4
12.7

198.1
20.7
24.4

202.3
(*)
20.8
24.8

235.1
33.7
60.9
5.1

237.5
34.0
61.7
5.0

319.3
54.3
10.9
12.7
11.2
9.9
84.6
26.5

320.2
(2)
53.9
11.1
12.7
11.1
9.9
84.4
26.3

88.3
3.9
13.7

90.2
4.0
15.0

ft

See footnotes at end of table.




65

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Oct
1986"

Oct.
1986P

Oct
1985

Sept
1986

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C.

1,906.2
1,036.1
460.8
670.7

1,942.6
1,052.1
465.8
684.2

1,957.6
1,060.3
468.7
691.5

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster .
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield

2.959.5
1,665.3
69.1
55.0
39.8
162.2
103.5
66.9
41.2
226.6
184.3

2,990.9
1,687.6
70.9
55.5
40.9
162.7
106.4
68.6
42.7
229.0
186.4

3,000.0
1,705.5
71.5
55.6
41.1
163.2
107.6
67.7
42.7
230.8
187.8

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .

3,567.6
154.7
54.8
59.9
1,776.6
174.8
298.6
48.6
100.0
192.8
56.0
147.8

3,611.9
158.9

3,629.4
161.2

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
Rochester

1,901.2
86.3
1,232.4
56.0
65.5

1,923.8
84.4
1,242.4

852.6
167.0

856.5
170.2

860.4
171.3

2,134.3
704.8
36.4
1,079.7
101.1

2,182.6
711.9

2,171.6
708.8

1,084.0
103.3

1,079.0
103.3

3.8

Montana ...

281.4

273.9

273.8

6.8

6.5

6.6

12.6

11.5

11.2

Nebraska.
Lincoln ...
Omaha...

659.4
106.2
292.8

663.7
105.5
291.0

670.8
106.3
293.3

2.0

2.1

2.2

28.8
4.2
14.

30.0
4.0
13.9

29.9
4.1
13.6

Nevada
Las Vegas .
Reno

454.9
257.8
124.9

473.0
267.9
128.8

473.4
269.0
128.8

6.4

24.2
14.
6.

28.6
17.2
7.2

28.3
17.0
7.1

New Hampshire.
Manchester
Nashua

479.4
81.0
84.0

495.4

495.5

ft

ft

Worcester

St. Cloud
Mississippi.
Jackson ....
Missouri
Kansas City..
St. Joseph....
St. Louis
Springfield ...

New Jersey
Atlantic City

Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.

66




3,457.9
148.2
644.1
402.8
237.3
484.8
299.2
937.8
183.3
53.6

ft
ft

1,824.4
172.1
298.7

ft

101.0
192.3

ft

149.2

ft

66.5

ft

84.9

3,553.7

ft
ft

Sept
1986

Oct
1985

.6

.6

.6

1.5
.6

1.4
.8

1.4
.9

1

()

1

()

()

(1)

(i)

(1)

0)

0)
01
(1)
(1)
()

91

(11)
(1)
()

.1
.1
9.9
.2
.1
.9

0)

.4
.2
.1
.6
.1
•2

ft
102.2
202.6

ft

151.6

1,929.8
84.2
1,252.2

ft

ft

ft
660.0
418.0
241.1
502.9
312.9
952.0
192.1

ft

ft

.2
.1

9
.2
.1

10.6

0
ft
ft

10.6
(1)

1.0

ft
ft

1.0

(1)
(1)

0
0
ft

ft1
(1)
()
ft

9
ft

6.5
3.3

6.3
3.2
(1)

ft

(1)

135.5
66.2
20.7
57.7

143.7
71.0
21.1
62.2

145.1
71.5
20.9
63.6

116.5
60.4
3.3
2.0
2.1
12.1
4.7
2.5
1.8
8.3
8.6

125.8
67.8
4.6
2.5
2.8
8.4
5.7
2.6
1.9
9.4
9.9

124.4
66.4
4.5
2.4
3.0
8.1
5.6
2.5
1.9
9.5
9.8

114.2
4.8
1.8
1.5
52.2
4.1
12.1
1.2
3.2
5.7
2.3
6.3

127.0
6.0

126.8
5.5

81.8
3.4
52.8
2.1
3.3

ft
ft

57.8
4.7
12.8

ft

3.0
7.1

ft

6.3
87.8
3.8
55.6

ft

ft
ft

57.6
4.5
13.1

ft
3.0
6.9

ft
6.4
86.2
3.8
55.4

ft
3.2

3.2

6.9
1.1

38.0
8.1

36.9
8.7

36.8
8.9

6.5
.5

5.9

5.8

102.5
32.3

113.5
31.8

111.7
32.0

i

ft

3.5

(1)

(1)
6.

(1)

ft

ft

()

()

(1)

m

(1)

(1)

1

(1)

(1)

ft

ft

56J
4.7

36.
5.
3.
2.

ft

1

1

3.4

ft
2.

ft

•j j

(1)
6.2

2.

()

Oct
1986*

7.0
1.0

()

0

Sept.
1986

8.8
1.6

1

3,563.3

653.6
415.0
240.5
494.6
316.3
943.6
189.4

i)

0
ft

(1)

85.3

ft

1

9.0
5.3
(1)

66.9

1.8
.2
(1)

(i)

(1)

1,833.4
172.1
300.0

1.9
.2

1.8
.2
(1)

Oct.
1985

147.
7.
27.
20.
6.
20.
18.
34.
4.
1.

ft

59.7
4.6

38.

ft

ft

57.0
4.5

38.5

ft

158.

ft

3.9

159.7

ft
29.
22.
6.
22.
19.
32.
4.

ft

29.6
22.5
7.2
22.1
20.2
33.3
4.8

ft

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufactunnc

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986*

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986?

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C.

215.0
137.8
51.2
35.2

208.7
131.2
48.6
34.3

207.8
130.8
48.3
34.6

89.9
57.9
32.2
19.3

90.8
57.0
31.9
19.6

91.7
57.6
31.7
19.8

478.4
247.9
97.7
176.0

485.2
249.5
94.4
177.6

484.6
249.6
95.1
177.6

Massachusetts

657.0
317.0
11.4
18.6
13.6
56.5
37.9
23.2
11.8
53.4
45.8

625.5
311.9
10.7
17.9
13.4
55.4
37.1
21.6
11.8
52.3
43.1

624.8
312.1
10.7
18.1
13.6
55.3
37.1
21.4
11.9
52.6
43.0

129.4
75.4
5.2
1.7
1.6
6.3
3.9
2.7
1.0
8.8
8.0

130.5
76.8
4.6
1.7
1.6
6.9
3.9
2.6
1.1
8.7
7.8

130.3
77.2
4.8
1.6
1.6
6.8
3.9
2.6
1.1
8.7
7.9

689.2
369.0
20.3
13.2
9.5
32.9
22.6
15.2
10.9
52.5
43.7

711.3
379.9
21.3
14.1
9.8
35.5
24.5
16.6
11.8
54.0
45.5

708.4
383.6
21.2
13.9
9.8
35.5
25.0
16.2
11.9
54.0
46.0

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .

989.1
35.8
15.0
20.6
480.1
67.7
99.6
12.8
29.3
38.1
19.5
47.2

973.0
37.2

968.3
37.1

148.2
4.3

148.4
4.3

819.1
27.4

ft
ft

ft
ft

ft
ft

ft
ft

ft
ft

ft

ft

792.4
24.7
9.9
11.9
409.6
40.2
72.7
10.2
21.6
36.0
11.6
33.1

823.2
26.3

ft
ft

144.1
4.6
1.7
2.5
79.0
4.6
10.6
4.2
3.0
5.3
2.6
6.9

ft

ft

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
Rochester
St. Cloud

372.8
7.0
255.5
11.0
10.8

Mississippi.
Jackson ....

223.1
20.0

Missouri
Kansas City..
St. Joseph....
St. Louis
Springfield ...

431.3
119.9
8.9
226.2
19.2

Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster .
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

477.0
64.1
97.4

475.5
62.8
96.5

29.5
38.5

29.4
38.7

ft

ft

377.7
6.8
254.0

369.1
6.8
252.3

ft

ft

44.2

44.6

11.4

100.9
6.1
68.5
1.8
3.6

222.1
21.1

222.5
21.1

423.6
118.0

81.5
4.3
10.6

ft
ft

3.0
5.0
6.8

81.5
4.3
10,6

ft
3.0
5.1

ft

6.8

100.3
5.9
69.6

100.0
5.7
69.4

ft

ft
3.8

3.8

472.6
22.1
302.4
11.4
19.4

40.6
10.9

40.5
10.9

41.0
10.9

144.8
52.9
2.1
73.5
6.2

144.9
53.7

143.5
53.4

221.7
19.3

414.9
116.1
(2)
215.6
18.6

ft

I)

11.4

ft

71.7
6.1

431.6
41.4
74.1
21.9
37.9

435.2
41.4
74.8
22.2
38.4

ft

ft

479.4
21.9
305.7

476.3
21.7
305.3

ft

ft

35.4

35.8

20.2

20.4

179.6
40.0

184.7
41.3

185.0
41.5

542.4
191.7

540.1
190.0

70.9
6.2

521.4
185.7
9.0
257.5
28.1

ft

ft

2

260.7
28.7

260.7
28.9

Montana .

22.5

21.5

21.3

20.8

20.5

20.4

75.9

74.0

72.7

Lincoln .
Omaha.

88.8
13.1
34.4

88.7
13.1
34.0

89.4
13.0
34.0

43.6
5.9
23.5

42.4
5.9
22.3

42.2
5.9
22.2

167.8
24.1
72.7

167.1
23.5
72.3

169.3
24.0
72.7

22.0
8.0
8.1

22.5
8.0
8.3

22.6
8.1
8.3

25.4
14.5
7.8

26.3
14.9
8.6

26.4
14.9
8.7

92.8
53.4
28.2

96.3
55.3
29.0

96.5
55.5
29.2

119.5

15.8
4.8
2.2

16.1

117.2
21.4
17.7

Nevada
Las Vegas ...
Reno
New Hampshire .
Manchester
Nashua

122.3
15.5
36.0

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

721.5
8.0
166.9
77.4
56.9
113.7
32.5
197.0
32.9
15.2

119.0

ft

36.4

-

ft

36.3

720.9

720.1

ft

ft

ft

ft

167.3
78.2
55.0
113.6
31.9
190.6
33.9

166.8
78.5
54.8
113.6
31.8
192.4
33.8

228.9
5.9
31.7
17.4
30.2
37.5
14.7
78.5
5.9
2.2

16.0

ft

2.2

ft
2.2

232.5

233.0

ft

ft

ft

ft

31.7
17.6
31.0
37.7
15.3
78.2
6.0

31.8
17.8
30.9
38.0
15.3
78.3
6.1

821.5
30.4
182.7
108.3
55.5
116.1
82.5
192.4
29.6
10.7

121.4

121.2

ft

ft

18.0

18.2

857.0

856.3

ft

ft

ft

ft

182.1
110.7
58.2
118.3
88.5
197.7
31.1

184.4
112.3
58.3
120.2
87.1
200.0
31.4

See footnotes at end of table.




67

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Oct.
1985

Oct

Sept.

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1985

1986>>

Oct.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986?

111.4
68.1
42.8
35.8

119.4
72.7
45.6
39.0

118.7
72.3
45.3
38.9

477.2
252.3
127.9
188.8

506.2
270.7
136.4
198.0

509.4
273.5
139.4
198.0

397.0
205.7

386.7

88.3
157.3

87.8

152.9

398.5
204.8
88.0
158.4

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster.
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

193.1
130.8
3.0
2.7
1.5
5.4
3.5
2.5
2.1
14.7
11.4

204.7
139.3
3.1
2.8
1.6
5.6
3.9
3.2
2.1
15.5
12.4

202.1
138.1
3.1
2.8
1.6
5.7
3.9
3.1
2.1
15.2
12.1

792.8
517.7

817.6
526.4

380.0

374.1

379.5
188.1

15.3
10.3
7.2
32.6

194.4
11.5
6.6
4.4

184.7

14.4
10.2
7.1
30.8

829.1
539.1
15.6

11.3
6.2
4.5

18.2

17.6
11.3

18.1
12.2
9.2
54.7
45.0

18.3
13.1

11.6
6.7
4.4
19.1
13.7
9.9

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Hint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .

163.0
4.3
3.9
2.2

170.9
4.5

171.1
4.5

755.5
30.0
10.9
12.8

99.5
6.4
12.5

427.7
29.1
61.6
9.3
22.0
32.9
11.0
28.5

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul ...
Rochester
St. Cloud

112.0
3.0
86.3

Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C.

Jackson .
Missouri
Kansas City.
St. Joseph...
St. Louis
Springfield ...

95.9
6.0

ft
ft

99.6
6.3
12.3

11.9
1.6
4.0

ft

10.5
1.3
6.0

ft

1.5
2.2

4.2
11.4

ft
ft

ft

4.3
11.5

ft

6.0

5.9

116.9
3.2

116.5
3.1

90.4

ft

90.1

ft

8.9
52.1
43.5

442.1
19.9
299.8
22.3
13.5

ft
ft

ft
ft

447.3
29.4
60.7

448.6
30.0
61.8

231.3
23.0
29.7
9.3

23.2
36.2

16.8
63.8
7.5

ft

23.1
35.1

ft

30.0

137.1
36.7

596.1
51.0

ft
ft

ft
ft

228.7
21.9
30.3

234.5
22.8
30.3

ft

16.1
56.8

ft

17.0
65.3

ft

ft

296.5
19.3
157.0

317.9
19.7

20.3

20.5

169.1

192.3
37.2

194.0
37.5

491.6
156.9

336,5
105.0
5.9

329.1
104.5

137.3

ft

267.1
26.3

267.8
26.5

ft

337.7
106.8

13.1

130.0
13.5

133.8
13.9

126.3
53.2

469.5

496.8
158.6

258.7
25.1

572.8
49.2

193.8
37.5

126.4
53.2

6
4.6

4.8

35.6
22.9

ft

121.9
52.0

ft

9.8
4.7
34.2
22.6

ft

135.8
36.3

4.7

19.6

13.2

132.8
35.7

6

31.4
457.6
20.2
309.7

ft

13.1

37.1
13.7

ft

ft

8.4

ft

37.2
13.7

66.1
4.6

ft

599.5
50.3
11.6

309.9
19.4
166.1
5.7
12.5

458.7
20.3
309.1

35.9
13.1

7.1

12.0
8.9
55.0
46.0

13.3
9.5
4.7
36.7
23.2

789.0
31.3

2.3

156.5

7.1
32.7
18.3

786.2
31.2

2.3

2.1

10.1

199.8

ft

ft

12.3

12.4

Montana ..

13.1

13.0

12.8

60.2

61.1

59.6

69.5

65.8

69.2

Nebraska.
Lincoln ...
Omaha...

45.6
7.7
26.9

47.4
7.9
28.1

47.7
8.0
28.2

144.6
21.4
76.0

148.8
21.9
76.5

148.0
21.9
76.1

138.4
29.8
44.9

137.2
29.2
43.6

142.1
29.4
46.2

Nevada
Las Vegas .
Reno

22.2
13.3
6.6

23.3
14.0
6.7

23.2
14.0
6.7

199.2
123.1
49.7

208.0
127.8
52.3

207.0
127.7
52.0

62.8
30.5
17.4

61.8
30.5
16.0

63.0
31.6
16.1

New Hampshire.
Manchester
Nashua

25.5
7.2
2.7

28.3

102.1
19.2
15.6

ft

108.3

ft

59.9
7.6
5.8

193.8
6.9
32.6
20.2

204.1

204.6

ft

ft

804.1
65.7

ft '

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.

68




8.9
29.1

14.6
69.7
8.8
2.8

28.2

ft
2.8

34.6
20.9
8.8

29.9

2.8

34.8
20.7
8.9

15.9
73.;

29.9
15.9
73.3

9.1

9.1

ft

ft

135.6
90.0
38.1
95.6
77.8
228.8
49.8

9.

110.1
15.3

847.1
143.1

96.0
38.4
104.1
85.6
237.7
50.

ft

ft
15.5

844.7

ft
144.
94.9
38.1
105.4
82.6
238.5
52.5

ft

538.2
24.1
66.7
69.0
41.6
71.6
58.3
135.8
52.2
11.4

61.7

ft

63.1

ft

6.3

6.1
531.4

542.5

ft

ft

65.0
69.3
42.4
68.1
59.1

133.0
54.3

ft

68.0
71.2
42.9
73.1
59.9
135.6
54.4

ft

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

525.4
223.2
38.0
51.1

524.6
226.1
39.6

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy...
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Monroe County
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

7,853.4
387.8
118.7
423.4
35.3
42.5

7,948.5
390.8
116.7
426.1
36.2
43.7

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point .
Raleigh-Durham

2,692.3
76.8
523.6
442.2

New Mexico ...
Albuquerque..
Las Cruces....
Santa Fe

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren..

373.1
1,086.4
4,018.9
3,513.7
80.7
93.8

116.4
460.5
93.2

293.7
119.3

395.7

51.4

ft
1,113.7
4,053.8
3,544.3
80.0
95.2

115.6
456.3
93.2
291.9
118.4

399.5

Sept.
1986

14.8
.3

37.6
18.8
2.5
3.6

38.1
18.3
2.9
3.6

37.1
18.2
2.8
3.6

8,015.0
393.1
118.1
428.8

6.8
.3

6.6
.3

6.7
.3

310.9

338.4
18.4
5.8
19.0
1.8
2.0

338.7
18.3
5.7
18.5

ft

ft

O

36.6
43.4
.4
.3
1.8
1.3

ft
1,118.8
4,087.5
3,573.8
80.2

96.2
116.5
462.3
93.9
294.3
118.8
403.1

0)
1

.2
.8

ft

0)
.2
.8

4.7
.1

26.5
.8
1.;

()

0

ft

24.5

ft

24.4

ft
1.0
1.0

1.;
1.0

ft

ft

ft

17.2
5.3
19.0
1.4
2.0
13.6
54.1
140.1
110.9
3.9
4.1
5.7
17.1
4.1
17.6
4.4

23.9

57.2

149.0
118.3
3.5
4.3

6.3
18.7
4.4
16.1
4.4
24.7

1.7
2.1

57.1
149.5
118.8
3.5
4.3
6.4
18.3
4.5
16.1
4.3
24.5

155.3
3.8
30.0
23.1
24.7

165.5
3.8
31.2

24.1
24.7

31.4
24.2
24.7

13.4
1.7
3.7
1.7

13.0
1.7
3.8
1.9

12.6
1.6
3.8
1.8

172.9

9.5
6.3
25.8
30.9
23.9
15.5
9.8
7.4

182.9
10.8

ft

165.8
3.7

183.2
11.0

ft

27.0
31.6
26.8
17.6
10.6

ft

27.8
31.3
26.7
17.6
10.9

ft

ft

ft

63.1
1.6

32.7
409.4
302.0

32.5
410.8
302.1

16.20.2

12.9
18.9

13.1
19.0

16.9
13.9

15.9
13.3

1.3
16.4
13.4

1,068.8
99.5

1,078.9
101.6
532.9
95.4

1.8

1.8

1.8

529.1
95.6

.6

.6

35.2
3.6
18.6
3.1

36.1
3.9
18.8
3.'

34.7
3.7
18.4
3.3

4,852.2
264.1
51.1

4,884.1
265.5
50.8

35.9

34.6

34.5

211.8

221.6
11.9

221.4
12.2

52.1

51.5
1,702.5

2.9
4.6
73.4

3.1
4.8
74.0
4.2

1,146.1

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield .
Portland
Salem

1,058.5

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County

4,809.1
264.1
50.1
53.5
1,671.8
111.0
280.9

2,073.1
760.7
865.1

()

0
0)

4.7
.1
.3
.4
.3

4,586.4
271.2

76.9
169.3

.3
1.7
1.2

4.8
.1
.3
.4
.3

4,570.1
271.4

99.3
527.4
94.3

ft

.1
.2
.3

4,456.8
263.1
154.4
639.3

1,149.7

.3
1.7
1.2

.1
.2
.3

6.9

669.7
897.9
659.2
429.8
279.4

ft

.4
.1
.3

252.7
36.4
69.8
29.5

449.9
367.6

895.9
651.8
427.6
277.1

()

()

252.4
36.6
68.0
28.7

ft

Oct.
1986?

14.7
.3

255.3
36.2
68.8
28.8

623.9
415.5
271.7
187.8

Sept.
1986

20.2
.3

362.8

ft

Oct.
1985

Oct.
1986P

527.0
227.5
40.7
51.1

2,772.0
75.9
535.9

1,181.7
24.0
33.7
428.7
305.4

Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Cariisle .
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

Oct.
1985

2,752.7
76.6
531.2
446.0
364.2

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City.
Tulsa

Delaware Valley

Oct
1986*

1,682.7
110.9
285.9
78.1
175.1
2,097.8
764.6
864.1

176.9
2,120.4
772.2
867.0

52.6

3

4.5

10.6
3.0
4.3
69.6
3.5
3.6
1.2

1.
ft

7.1

44.

ft

10.8
3.0

9.0
89.9
19.4
45.!

44.8

ft

ft

3.6

1.2

ftI

46.;

ft

ft
ft

ft

111.9
285.8
77.9

51.3
ft

1.

42
10.8

3.4
10.0
95.6
20.:
46.!

10.7
3.4
9.9
96.5
20.1
46.6

See footnotes at end of table.




69

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1985
New Mexico ...
Albuquerque..
Las Cruces....
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy.
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira

Glens Falls
Monroe County
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County

Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point .
Raleigh-Durham

38.0
19.6
3.7

1.6
1,292.2
51.6
39.0
78.5

6.9
9.9
126.8
179.7
493.5
407.7
24.7
15.1
34.2
148.8
15.7

57.3
25.5
68.3
830.3
21.1
146.9
153.2

Sept.
1986
38.3

19.6
3.6
1.6
1,261.2
49.0
36.8
76.9
7.1
10.0

Oct.
19860
38.5
19.5
3.8
1.5

30.0
12.2

1,257.9

419.1
16.5
4.2
21.6
1.3
1.4

48.5
36.8
76.6
7.2

10.0

ft

ft

181.5

182.3
485.2

485.7
400.5

Oct.
1985

1.4
1.2

11.1

46.9
257.6
232.3
3.9
5.7
3.3
13.7

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

28.0
12.2
1.4
1.1

28.5
12.3
1.4

411.9

413.2
16.4

16.4
4.1
21.7
1.3
1.4

1.1

4.1

21.7
1.3
1.3

ft

ft
47.7

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

126.2
57.3
7.7
9.9

129.7

1,659.5
83.5
24.2

1,684.4
84.6
24.8

1,688.6
84.9

104.5
10.1
9.7
75.2

106.7
10.3
10.3

107.2

ft

ft

302.7
769.2
646.9
18.2
25.6
21.0
96.7
21.9
68.6
25.6
96.3

303.4
772.5
649.0
18.0
25.6
21.0
97.3
22.1
68.7
25.9
97.5

291.5

58.3
8.3

10.3

129.5
58.3
8.4
10.2

24.9
10.3
10.0

4.1

48.2
252.0
227.0
4.1
5.7
3.2
13.7
4.2

16.6
4.7
20.3

16.7
4.7
20.3
135.6
3.7
46.7
25.7
17.8

585.0
17.4

123.4
94.9
74.7

604.8
17.4
126.2
96.5
77.1

607.3
17.4

24.8
16.8

135.3
3.7
46.5
25.4
17.6

24.1

399.8
24.0

15.4
32.5

15.4
32.3

139.4
15.3
54.5
24.9

139.3
15.4
54.3
24.6

68.2

68.2

4.1
16.1
4.7
20.6

832.5
20.2

834.6

131.0

20.1

146.6

146.8
151.0
57.4

3.6
45.5

251.2
226.2
4.0
5.6
3.2

13.7

770.9
649.4
18.0
24.4

20.6
94.5
21.8
67.0
25.4

95.7

127.0
97.5
77.7

59.5

151.0
57.5

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks

16.0
2.0
5.0
1.4

15.9
2.0
5.0
1.5

15.8
2.0
4.9
1.5

16.6
2.9
4.1
1.5

15.8
2.7
4.0
1.5

15.9
2.7
4.0
1.4

67.5
9.7

67.9
9.7

67.3
9.7

20.4
8.1

20.7
8.1

20.9
8.1

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield

1,119.8

1,100.3
65.7

1,090.1
65.6

207.5
13.3

1,109.4
67.0

ft

207.1
13.2

1,060.1

ft

204.4
12.9

1,114.7
67.1

149.5
204.0
106.1
104.7
63.7

149.5
202.6
103.8
104.2
62.4

6.0
34.0
41.9
26.2
14.8
14.1
7.7

Toledo
Youngstown-Warren.

67.0
45.8
148.5
208.9

106.7
107.0
66.5
53.3

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City ...
Tulsa

171.1

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield .
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Delaware Valley
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle .
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.

70




1.8
3.4
52.3
53.5

ft

ft

34.7
42.4
26.7
15.6
14.2

ft

34.9
42.4
27.0
15.8
14.4

ft

ft

157.6
92.3
66.4
46.6

ft

172.9
216.9
168.7

97.1

97.9

69.1

ft

21.6

1.2
20.8
21.9

1.2
20.8
21.8

204.7
18.6
90.9
15.1

59.6
4.4
34.5
2.7

59.1
4.0
34.7
2.6

59.5
4.0
34.7
2.6

263.2
24.8
139.3
20.5

269.0
25.4

1,038.8
78.4
11.1
9.8

242.0
14.2
4.7
5.1
78.2
4.2
18.3
5.;

239.6

241.8
13.9
4.4
5.1

1,090.3
55.8

79.6
4.3

374.6

1,123.3
58.4
13.5
11.7
384.1
24.4
64.8

157.3

ft
3.4
48.7
51.6

210.1
18.8
95.4
17.0

208.1
19.1
92.6
16.8

1,077.5
85.1
10.9
12.8
317.0
35.8
52.0
12.5
58.0

1,044.7
78.7
11.2
11.0
309.5
33.6
51.1
12.4
60.
387.7
100.7
127.7

309.1
33.5
50.3
12.3
60.3
387.7

100.6
127.0

64.0
2.6
1.3
21.5

6.9
95.6
45.0
47.1

62.1

ft

62.1

ft

13.9
4.4
5.0
79.1
4.3

18.4
5.1
7.0

96.7
45.9
45.7

12.9
11.5

ft

171.3
216.5
166.7

288.4
6.6
9.3
109.4
73.6

158.4

ft
3.5
49.3
51.6

394.6
99.5
137,

ft

63.9
37.6
162.7
211.6

290.8

70.1

ft
289.3

ft

ft

8.8
103.1
74.3

8.8
101.9
74.6
268.9
25.4
140.7
21.7

141.2
21.8

1,135.4
58.7

13.4
11.6
390.6

97.4
46.1

482.9
148.6

17.4
42.4
494.9
149.4

24.8
65.1
17.4
42.7
502.8
151.8

45.9

217.9

219.

219.6

18.3
5.1
7.0

23.8
62.9

16.6
40.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

Services

State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986»

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986*

Oct.
1985

Sept.

Oct.
1986?

25.4
13.5
1.5
2.0

26.4
13.8
1.6
2.1

26.4
13.8
1.6
2.1

113.8
57.4
5.5
12.4

116.5
58.7
5.6
13.2

116.0
59.0
5.8
12.7

134.2
44.1
15.7
20.3

132.9
44.9
16.2
19.4

136.2
46.1
16.9
19.8

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy.,
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Monroe County
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

721.4
19.6
3.8
22.7
1.2
1.9
17.6
65.8
535.1
506.7
1.9
3.5
3.6
19.6
3.6
18.9
6.2
24.2

747.6
20.7
3.8
23.4
1.2
1.9
(*)
69.2
552.6
522.9
1.9
3.5
3.9
20.7
3.9
19.1
6.3
25.3

747.6
20.7
3.9
23.4
1.2
1.9
(*)
69.4
552.1
522.3
1.9
3.5
3.9
20.5
3.8
19.0
6.3
25.4

2,088.6
92.8
21.6
105.0
8.2
8.6
88.4
271.1
1,186.7
1,051.5
15.9
19.6
24.5
103.3
23.1
68.6
24.2
107.8

2,148.0
95.4
21.6
108.0
8.3
9.3
(*)
278.9
1,212.3
1,074.3
15.9
19.9
24.4
105.5
22.9
69.0
24.2
110.8

2,168.8
96.2
21.7
108.4
8.6
8.6
(*)
278.3
1,226.4
1,087.5
16.4
20.0
24.8
107.3
23.0
70.4
24.2
111.6

1,355.0
106.3
20.7
71.6
6.3
8.9
40.0
177.0
633.2
553.8
12.2
21.4
24.3
62.9
20.8
47.9
28.7
54.8

1,350.3
106.1
19.7
69.9
6.3
8.7
(*)
176.2
632.1
554.0
12.2
21.0
24.1
60.8
20.6
47.9
28.0
53.6

1,393.4
107.7
21.0
72.4
6.4
9.2
{*)
179.9
648.2
568.2
12.1
21.8
24.7
65.1
20.9
49.0
28.5
55.3

North Carolina
Asheville
Chariotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point .
Raleigh-Durham

110.8
2.5
29.0
20.7
19.3

117.5
2.6
30.5
21.8
20.8

118.1
2.5
30.6
21.8
20.8

438.2
16.0
90.1
72.7
82.1

459.9
16.6
92.5
74.1
82.8

465.2
16.3
94.6
75.0
83.7

437.0
12.2
58.3
52.4
85.4

432.5
12.0
57.4
52.6
83.5

440.8
12.0
58.7
54.3
85.1

12.5
1.7
4.2
1.1

12.5
1.7
4.4
1.1

12.5
1.7
4.4
1.1

58.4
10.0
17.7
6.1

60.4
10.4
17.4
6.4

59.9
10.3
18.3
6.4

64.0
8.0
13.7
8.9

62.4
8.2
12.7
8.2

64.3
8.2
13.5
9.2

220.1
9.8
6.1
35.7
49.9
49.7
16.8
10.4
7.5

231.7
10.2
C2)
38.0
52.7
52.8
17.5
11.6
(*)

231.4
10.3

974.2
55.6
33.9
149.0
221.2
144.0
96.4
62.7
41.3

1,047.0
60.3
(*)
162.4
232.6
159.0
103.8
67.3
(*)

1,045.2
59.1
(2)
159.9
233.7
160.4
104.2
67.3

678.7
43.4
17.3
83.1
115.1
114.9
72.4
41.5
23.3

667.2
43.4
{*)
83.5
115.0
112.9
70.9
40.3
(*)

689.9
44.1
(2)
86.0
117.4
118.5
72.4
42.5

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City.
Tulsa

64.2
1.2
1.6
27.5
16.9

63.3
(*)
1.5
26.4
16.8

62.9
(2)
1.5
26.3
16.7

227.8
5.4
5.3
86.5
70.1

229.3

256.9
3.9
11.2
98.2
35.6

246.2

253.2

5.3
85.4
70.5

227.5
(2)
5.2
86.0
70.0

10.8
95.6
34.7

10.9
97.6
35.0

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield .
Portland
Salem

67.6
4.5
42.8
5.1

71.3
4.8
44.1
5.3

70.4
4.7
44.0
5.3

218.7
21.1
122.6
17.4

231.6
22.4
125.3
18.2

233.1
22.3
126.2
18.4

202.3
21.9
73.6
28.4

191.8
19.6
71.8
27.4

205.8
22.6
77.5
28.9

265.5
10.1
1.5
1.8
123.5
5.0
15.3
4.4
6.2
143.9
66.9
50.5

274.9
10.5
1.5
1.9
125.4
5.2
16.2
4.5
6.6
146.3
68.6
52.3

274.9
10.5
1.5
1.9
125.4
5.2
16.2
4.5
6.5
146.0
68.5
51.7

1,200.3
59.2
10.0
10.9
483.8
25.1
56.5
18.2
33.2
572.0
243.1
251.2

1,250.6
62.2
10.3
11.3
492.8
26.5
60.6
19.1
34.1
588.8
245.0
260.5

1,255.4
62.5
10.3
11.2
500.7
26.5
59.5
19.1
34.7
595.6
249.4
261.1

685.8
28.6
7.1
7.1
224.0
13.3
64.7
12.5
15.1
293.0
138.2
108.0

662.9
28.0
7.3
6.6
217.4
12.4
63.6
12.6
14.3
286.7
134.7
105.1

681.9
28.8
7.0
7.1
222.0
13.1
65.3
12.5
15.4
293.2
135.7
108.0

New Mexico ...
Albuquerque..
Las Cruces....
Santa Fe

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren.

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Delaware Valley
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle .
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

38.1
52.7
53.0
17.4
11.7

ft

See footnotes at end of table.




71

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986"

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986?

ft

ft

ft

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre ...
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

144.3
280.1
40.8
52.0
47.0
164.3

145.1
283.1
40.4
51.9
48.1
166.2

146.4
284.4
40.8
52.9
48.3
167.0

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence

432.1
129.7
304.4

433.4
130.3
307.4

436.5
131.1
309.6

1,321.3
174.7
208.5
288.7

1,358.9
181.3
215.1
293.0

1,362.6
182.1
216.9
293.9

249.0
33.8
60.9

253.3
34.6
64.2

254.7
34.6
63.9

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol.
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

1,895.2
182.5
152.7
231.4
388.7
433.3

1,964.9
185.0
153.4
235.4
391.5
435.1

1,975.0
183.3
153.8
235.7
393.3
438.2

7.8
1.0
.1
2.1
.1

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission .
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

6,737.0
54.1
82.8
367.3
135.4
59.0
64.6
50.7
137.6
1,326.2
178.5
509.7
72.8
1,501.8
67.4
34.7
69.2
93.1
83.7
49.0
52.0
37.5
484.6
37.2
45.8
63.5
29.9
79.6
52.1

6,676.0
52.5
80.7
366.9
128.5
57.3
65.7

6,693.8
52.8
80.8
367.9
128.7
57.2
65.5

253.2
4.0
1.8
1.1
2.5
1.9

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden..
Vermont
Burlington ....
Springfield ...

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg .
South Dakota.
Rapid City
Sioux Falls ....

See footnotes at end of table.

72




ft

135.1
1,348.8
178.2
510.0
71.9
1,462.9
68.4

ft

66.5
92.0
84.9
46.0
46.0
2
()
483.5

ft

134.3
1,346.2
178.0
510.0
71.8
1,463.6
68.0

ft

66.4
92.1
86.1
45.9
45.7

Oct.
1985

.4

6.3
11.9
1.3
2.0
2.0
9.0

6.8
12.8
1.8
2.0
2.1
9.2

6.7
12.7
1.6
1.9
2.1
9.2

.2
.1
.1

16.1
4.5
11.5

16.7
4.8
12.3

16.6
4.7
12.2

1.8

86.3
13.3
12.7
20.2

89.8
13.8
13.7
20.7

89.6
13.8
13.7
20.4

23
3

11.1
2.2
3.4

10.7
1.9
3.6

10.9
2.0
3.6

6.8
1.0
.1
1.7
.1
.6

6.9
1.0
.1
1.6
.1
.7

86.3
6.5
6.6
11.2
18.1
25.6

89.5
7.3
5.6
11.9
18.6
28.4

91.0
7.5
5.8
11.9
18.5
29.3

194.0
3.2
13
1.1
1.1
1.4
1

193.1
3.3
1.2
1.0
1.2
1.4
1

422.7
2.9
3.9
25.3
8.6
5.8
3.1

415.1
2.9
4.0
24.6
8.5
5.9
3.1

1.2
7.8
23.8
.4
4.5
.8
90.6

ft

ft

ft

ft

1.9
4.4
.6
1.6
11.3
9.0

ft

453.3
2.9
4.7
27.5
9.9
6.2
3.1
2.7
11.4
86.2
9.2
33.6
3.3
107.7
4<
1.4
3.6
4.8
4.5
2.4
3.3
2.3
36.7
1.5
2.3
3.0
2.4
4.6
2.

0.8
.2
.3

ft

.4

0.8
.2
.3

ft

.4

.1
.1
.1
1.7

1.8
(1)

O
0

01
()

(1)
(1)
(1)

2.4
.3

2.4
.3
1

0

()

ft

484.7

3.^

ft

.2
.1
.1

(1)

0

0.8
.2
.3

6.1
20.6
.3
3.4

6.1
20.3
,2
3.3

mi

77.9
•
4.1

j

77.5
•

ft
4.1
.3
1.4
8.6
6.6

1.4
8.8
6.7

ft

ft

2.7

ft
ft

ft

ft

2.
3.

ft

ft

3.

637.6
71.6
441.8

643.9
73.7
450.7

643.4
74.7
450.1

9.

7.

8.

2.

1.

2.

230.9
70.5
13.8

227.8
68.1
13.8

228.9
68.7
13.8

78.3

63.2
78.7

ft
ft

2.6

ft
ft

63.0

Oct.
1986*

Sept.
1986

2.

ft
ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

(1)

(1)

(1)

0)

0)

0

2.

11.7
77.4
9.5
32.9
2.7
98.2
3.9

ft

11.4
74.3
9.2
31.9
2.9
97.3
3.6

ft
3.0
4.3
4.4
2.
2.

3.1
4.1
4.4
2.4
2.2

ft

ft

ft
ft

ft
ft

34.

ft

2.
4.

ft

33.0
2.7

ft

4.4

ft

38.
3.
25.

36.
3.
26.

35.3
3.6
25.9

16.
4.
1.

13.
3.
1.

13.4
3.5
1.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1985
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre ...
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

Sept
1986

Oct.
1985

Oct.

49.5
73.7
10.2
7.5
15.0
58.9

49.0
72.6
9.5
7.4

49.3

15.4

57.9

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence

121.6
56.5
77.1

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg .
South Dakota.
Rapid City
Sioux Falls ....

Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol.
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission .
Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison.

Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

Waco
Wichita Falls

Sept.
1986

Oct.

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.

15.1
58.7

6.1
15.0
2.1
1.3
1.9
7.1

6.5
15.1
1.8
1.3
1.9
7.2

6.5
15.4
1.8
1.3
1.9
7.2

30.8
61.4
10.2
9.6
10.3
38.5

31.2
61.3
10.5
9.7
11.0
39.0

31.2
61.2
10.6
9.7
10.9
39.0

120.7
56.0
77.4

121.9
56.5
78.3

14.0
3.6
10.6

14.5
3.6
10.9

14.3
3.6
10.8

93.8
29.0
65.0

96.4
29.8
67.5

95.5
29.7

363.9
19.8
27.9
96.7

362.9
20.2
27.6
96.3

362.0
20.3
27.8
95.9

56.6
9.1
9.5
10.2

57.4
9.3
9.4
10.6

57.6
9.3
9.4
10.5

284.4
41.9
45.3
65.1

302.6
42.7
47.0
67.6

300.5
42.7
47.5
67.7

25.5
3.5
6.0

29.5
4.0
8.6

29.4
3.9
8.3

12.9
1.9
4.6

12.6
1.8
4.5

12.7
1.8
4.6

65.6
9.5
16.8

67.0
9.9
16.4

66.2
9.8
16.3

485.1
43.8
51.9
47.8
51.3
91.6

489.8
43.7
51.1
47.8
51.2
90.2

488.4
43.1
51.3
47.9
50.8
90.3

93.5

92.8
7.9
5.7
8.8
34.1
19.8

93.9
7.9
5.6
8.8
34.9
19.9

450.3
39.2
33.0
56.2
107.6
104.3

474.7
38.3
34.0
56.2
108.3
105.2

475.1
38.8
33.7
56.1
108.2
104.4

999.9
5.4
10.4
42.0
26.5
16.4
9.4
3.9

966.8
4.9

963.2
4.9
10.0
40.2
25.2
15.2
9.1
(*)

383.7
2.9
6.3
11.0
10.1
2.1
3.3
1.6
7.7
84.3
9.5

374.8
2.7
6.0
11.7
9.6
2.0
3.4

374.6
2.7
5.9
11.6
9.5
1.9
3.3

1,719.4
14.4
24.8
82.8
31.8
11.3
18.4

1,724.4
14.5
24.6
82.7
31.8
11.1
18.2

7.4
86.1

27.0
5.6
101.4
2.9
3.8
3.5
4.5
2.6
2.4
2.6
3.1

28.3
5.8

7.3
86.1
9.4
28.6

1,715.9
14.3
24.4
82.3
32.6
11.2
18.1
11.3
34.7
353.0
44.5
138.2
13.9
382.4
16.3
10.5
17.7
27.6
25.0
10.9
14.5
9.6
125.7
8.1
10.7
17.4
8.3
19.1
13.1

34.5
358.3
46.1
136.4
13.7
370.6
16.4
(*)
17.5
27.8
25.3
10.7
13.3
(*)
126.3

34.2
359.0
46.0
136.3

18.1
(2)
19.3

17.9
(2)
19.2

13.1
233.6

36.5
115.2
10.0
172.9
8.6

1.8
16.5
7.9
11.7
3.7
5.1
5.4
49.9
11.8
7.7
11.8
3.2
16.7
8.4

9.8
40.3
25.0
15.3
9.4
2
()
12.2
234.3
34.1

115.5
9.6
158.3
8.8
(*)
15.5
7.3
11.8
3.5
4.2
<*)
48.4
C2)
(*)

11.0

C2)
14.9
C2)

72.9
9.2
7.5

12.2
233.5
33.1
115.5

9.2
158.5

8.6

(2)
15.3
7.5
11.8
3.5
4.2
(*)
48.1
(*)
(2)

11.2
(2)
15.0

8.1
5.6
8.9
32.8

21.9

9.1
96.9

5.6
96.2

2.8

2.8

3.5
4.4
2.6
2.2
2.3

3.5
4.3
2.7
2.2
2.3

C2)

19.3
2.0
1.9
3.1
1.7
3.6
2.8

C2)
18.2
(*)
(*)
2.9
(*)
3.6
(*)

18.0

3.0
3.5
t2)

13.6
370.2
16.4
17.4
27.8
25.8
10.7
13.3
126.1

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden.

94.5
11.3
63.7

91.7
10.0
62.3

91.4
10.2
62.1

37.6
2.4
28.7

37.7
2.3
28.5

37.8
2.4
28.5

149.9
14.7
109.8

154.8
15.7
112.4

154.8

Vermont
Burlington ...
Springfield ..

49.8

49.5
16.3
3.8

49.7
16.4
3.9

9.7

9.6
2.8
.6

9.6

2.8
.6

52.2
16.3
2.5

51.9
16.2
2.7

52.7
16.3
2.8

16.4
3.8

2.8

.6

15.8
112.7

See footnotes at end of table.




73

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate>

Services

Government

State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct
1986P

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Oct.
1986P

Sept.
1986

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre ...
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

7.2
11.6
1.3
1.5
2.3
4.6

8.0
12.3
1.3
1.5
2.3
4.9

8.0
12.2
1.3
1.5
2.3
4.9

27.7
64.6
10.4
8.4
9.1
28.1

28.2
69.0
10.5
8.9
9.4
29.7

28.4
68.1
10.9
8.9
9.5
29.6

16.7
41.1
5.1
21.4
6.4
17.7

15.4
39.2
4.8
20.8
6.0
17.9

16.3
41.1
5.2
21.8
6.5
18.0

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence

23.4
3.4
19.7

23.8
3.5
19.9

23.8
3.5
19.9

105.5
22.8
77.4

104.7
23.1
76.8

106.3
23.2
77.9

57.6
9.8
43.0

56.4
9.4
42.5

57.9
9.8
43.6

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg .

57.6
8.2
17.1
11.1

59.8
8.3
18.3
11.0

59.6
8.3
18.3
11.0

215.5
33.2
38.4
46.9

229.3
36.4
39.2
48.7

228.9
36.6
39.9
49.1

255.3
49.1
57.3
38.2

255.3
50.5
59.6
37.7

262.6
51.0
60.0
38.9

South Dakota.
Rapid City
Sioux Falls ....

13.8
1.7
5.7

14.1
1.7
5.8

13.9
1.7
5.6

59.1
8.2
17.0

60.4
8.6
17.9

60.2
8.4
17.9

58.4
6.5
7.3

56.6
6.4
7.4

58.9
6.6
7.5

90.5
10.6
4.6
8.7
22.7
29.9

91.4
11.4
4.7
8.3
23.3
29.9

90.7
11.5
4.7
8.3
23.3
29.7

369.1
42.8
24.8
48.4
88.7
96.2

400.1
44.5
24.9
50.7
88.0
96.2

403.8
42.2
25.0
50.1
88.6
98.2

312.6
30.5
26.1
48.1
67.4
63.2

319.8
30.9
27.3
50.0
67.9
64.8

325.2
31.3
27.6
51.0
68.9
65.7

445.7
2.8
4.5
25.3
5.7
2.3
3.5
2.1
6.9
127.3
9.1
28.4
4.6
111.8
2.9
1.4
3.5
5.4
4.0
3.2
1.9
2.0
36.7
1.4
1.9
3.9
1.6
4.6
2.4

454.3
2.8
4.4
25.7
5.3
2.3
3.5
(*)
6.9
133.3
9.4
28.1
4.7
113.5
3.0
(*)
3.6
5.3
3.9
3.1
1.8
(*)
37.0
(*)
(*)
4.0
(*)
4.7
(*)

452.6
2.8
4.3
25.6
5.3
2.2
3.5

1,383.5
13.7
16.5
85.8
27.0
8.4
12.9
(*)
28.4
294.5
33.8
106.3
13.3
356.3
13.6
(*)
11.4
20.4
13.5
8.9
8.1

1,388.0
13.6
16.5
85.9
27.0
8.3
12.9

1,123.9
8.2
14.4
94.8
20.4
10.6
14.7
20.3
28.0
138.5
35.8
61.3
21.8
186.2
19.5
8.1
8.1
22.1
21.4
6.1
7.4
6.8
104.0
5.0
12.7
8.5
4.2
11.9
10.4

1,160.5
7.9
14.0
94.2
20.1
10.8
14.9

1,182.8
8.1
14.3
96.3
20.2
11.2
15.3

(*)
37.2
(*)
(*)
4.0
(*)
4.7
(*)

1,361.4
13.6
16.3
83.3
27.7
8.3
12.4
7.6
28.0
279.5
33.5
101.5
12.8
348.8
12.8
5.8
11.9
20.2
12.9
9.0
8.2
7.4
108.9
7.1
8.5
13.0
5.3
18.9
9.9

ft

ft

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden.

31.4
2.1
25.9

33.3
2.3
27.7

33.3
2.3
27.7

Vermont
Burlington ..
Springfield .

10.3
3.0
.4

10.9
3.1
.4

11.0
3.0
.4

Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol.
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission .
Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison .
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

See footnotes at end of table.

74




ft
6.9
132.8
9.4
28.3
4.7
111.5
2.9

ft

3.6
5.3
3.9
3.1
1.8

ft
28.2
293.9
34.1
105.6
12.9
356.2
13.6

ft
11.7
20.4
13.5
8.8
8.1

ft

ft

ft

ft
ft

110.1
(*)
13.7

110.8

ft

ft

27.9
144.3
35.9
59.1
21.7
191.2
19.8

28.0
146.3
36.6
60.5
22.5
196.2
20.0

ft

ft

7.9
22.1
22.0
6.6
7.2

7.7
22.4
22.6
6.6
7.2

ft

ft

ft
ft

ft
ft

106.9

108.8

ft

13.7
(2)
19.4

ft

ft

135.9
24.7
93.8

140.4
26.1
96.9

139.5
26.4
95.9

140.3
12.7
92.1

142.2
13.7
94.9

143.3
14.1
95.2

53.5
16.0
3.4

53.5
16.0
3.3

53.6
15.8
3.2

38.3
11.2
1.7

38.0
10.2
1.8

38.1
10.9
1.8

19.0

8.5

ft
12.0

8.6

ft

12.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept
1986

Oct.
1986P

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,498.7
29.4
61.2
39.9
70.0
519.6
635.3
406.8
114.3

2,562.1
30.1

2,581.3
30.3
(*)

(*)
70.4
530.4
661.0
410.9
115.0

Washington
Seattle

1,745.1
864.9

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1985

Oct.
1986P

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986"

70.8
532.7
665.5
411.5
115.6

17.3
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.6
.3
.1

16.7
.1
(*)
(*)
.1
.1
.6
.3
.2

16.5
.1
(*)
(*)
.1
.1
.5
.3
.2

159.4
1.6
3.9
1.4
3.0
35.3
45.3
24.1
7.3

171.1
1.7
(*)
(*)
3.2
37.9
49.2
24.1
7.7

1,794.1
898.0

1,795.8
901.1

2.9
.5

2.9
.5

2.8
.5

85.6
44.6

90.6
47.6

89.2
47.3

602.5
108.6
101.2
58.8
57.9

601.2
107.5
100.9
57.9
55.8

601.4
107.7
101.6
58.6
56.2

44.2
2.5
1.2
1.1
2.6

38.9
2.2
1.2
.9
2.3

38.6
2.1
1.2
.9
2.4

26.7
5.0
4.6
3.3
2.3

27.2
5.1
4.4
3.0
1.9

27.5
5.2
4.5
3.1
1.9

2,014.0
139.4
52.0
89.1
53.3
38.8
49.1
193.3
667.2
66.6
44.3
42.6

2,047.5
141.0
53.2
90.8
52.5
36.3
49.6
194.2
677.2
67.7
46.4
43.2

2,044.2
141.2
54.8
90.5
49.8
38.0
49.7
194.7
680.9
67.6
46.1
43.3

2.9

70.6
6.6
2.1
3.9
1.8
1.5
1.3
7.5
20.0
1.7
1.2
1.5

70.6
6.1
2.1
3.4
1.5
1.2
1.2
6.2
21.0
1.9
1.4
1.8

70.8
6.1
2.1
3.5
1.6
1.3
1.2
6.0
21.0
2.1
1.5
1.7

Wyoming

209.1

201.0

196.9

26.5

21.3

21.0

15.6

15.6

14.3

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

685.7
42.9
50.0
41.8
424.4

703.1
43.1
50.3
43.7
432.9

710.6
43.6
50.4
44.4
437.5

.6

.7

.7

23.6
(1)

28.8
(1)

29.5

0)

0)

35.6

35.8

36.3

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Virgin Islands

2.6

0)
0
0)
(1)
V)
(1)
O
V)
(11)
()
0)

(1)
(1)

3.0

0)
(1)
O
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()
0)
0)

0)
(11)
(1)
()
0)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()

O

0)
O
0

(1)
(1)
(1)

O

0)

(1)

1.7
18.7
2.5

2.7
22.8
3.1

169.8
1.6
(*)
(*)
3.2
37.9
48.8
24.5
7.8

O
(1)

2.9
23.2
3.1

See footnotes at end of table.




75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept
1986

431.2
9.8

ft
ft

ft
ft

24.3
67.3
32.9
61.7
20.6

133.3
1.1
1.8
.9
3.0
25.3
43.4
21.3
9.6

301.8
166.4

305.0
174.5

303.4
174.0

96.0
57.2

89.4
13.4
19.7
14.6
7.2

87.9
12.4
19.2
13.9
6.9

87.8
12.4
19.3
14.2
6.8

519.6
49 9
9.5
24.3
18.3
12.2
11.0
21.5
169.9
24.2
18.4
11.1

527.4
50.5
10.0
24.9
17.4
9.8
10.6
21.8
170.8
23.1
18.6
11.3

426.8
9.4
9.4
17.0
25.1
68.3
32.1
63.0
20.8

Washington .
Seattle

Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah .
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1985

431.1
9.7

Virginia
Bristol
Chariottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News .
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland....
Parkersburg-Marietta..
Wheeling

Oct
1986<>

24.3
67.8
32.7
61.3
20.5

Oct.
1986?

Oct.
1985

135.1
1.1

135.4
1.1

ft
ft

ft
ft

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986"

3.0
23.8
45.3
21.5
9.4

560.6
7.2
12.3
8.5
13.2
125.3
146.8
96.6
29.3

97.6
59.1

95.9
58.3

428.5
213.0

449.4
224.4

444.7
223.4

37.7
8.7
8.0
2.0
3.2

36.8
8.5
7.6
2.0
3.2

36.5
8.5
7.6
1.9
3.2

134.4
27.9
26.1
13.8
15.1

136.5
27.9
26.9
14.2
14.9

135.2
27.7
26.8
14.2
15.0

519.2
49.9
10.1
24.2
14.2
11.3
10.6
21.8
170.9
23.3
18.7
11.2

95.8
4.9
2.7
6.3
2.0
1.3
2.4
6.6
36.0
2.2
1.5
2.5

96.3
4.9
2.5
6.3
1.9
1.2
2.4
6.7
35.7
2.2
1.5
2.4

97.3
4.9
2.6
6.3
2.0
1.2
2.4
6.8
35.9
2.2
1.5
2.5

470.9
30.0
14.8
22.7
13.0
8.3
13.0
42.1
150.9
15.3
8.3
10.5

482.5
30.8
15.7
22.7
13.2
8.6
13.0
43.0
155.3
15.9
8.6
10.9

480.2
30.7
16.5
22.6
13.2
8.5
12.9
43.6
155.6
15.8
8.5
11.0

3.0
24.4
45.3
21.8
9.5

577.9
7.5

586.5
7.5

ft
ft

ft
ft

13.5
130.4
153.4
98.0
29.9

13.8
131.8
155.4
98.1
30.4

8.4

8.3

8.5

15.7

14.3

14.2

46.2

43.5

43.2

Puerto Rico .
Caguas
Mayaguez...
Ponce
San Juan ....

148.3
14.9
20.5
8.2
66.0

148.7
14.9
20.8
8.3
65.6

149.7
15.0
20.9
8.5
65.7

13.9
(1)
1
()
(1)
10.8

14.6
(1)
1
()
(1)
10.7

14.1
(1)
1
()
(1)
10.6

119.5
7.9
6.2
6.3
82.3

121.4
8.2
6.2
6.5
83.1

123.1
8.3
6.3
6.6
84.4

Virgin Islands

1.9

1.7

1.7

2.2

2.3

2.3

7,8

7.7

7.9

Wyoming.

See footnotes at end of table.

76




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

6.9
105.5
65.9

378.4
193.6

399.3
200.3

24.1
6.0
3.9
2.1
2.8

24.1
6.0
3.9
2.1
2.8

118.4
23.6
18.5
12.3
15.2

109.3
7.1
2.0
3.2
1.7
1.1
1.4
16.9
45.7
2.3
2.0
3.3

109.3
7.2
2.0
3.2
1.7
1.1
1.4
16.8
45.9
2.3
2.0
3.3

419.4
24.5
10.3
18.7

6.9

wasningion .
Seattle

100.6
63.3

106.0
66.2

23.6
5.8
3.8
2.1
3.0
104.8
7.0
1.9
3.0
1.6
1.0
1.4
15.6
44.5
2.3
2.0
3.3

Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

3.1

131.8
1.0
(*)

1.1
3.4
22.8
38.1
32.4

3.6
23.3
41.4
34.7

Puerto Rico .
Caguas
Mayaguez...
Ponce
San Juan ....
Virgin Islands.
1

Not available.
2
Publication of data has been suspended because of budget cuts.
3
Combined with construction.
P = preliminary.




C2)

131.4
1.0
2

t)
(*)
3.6
23.3
41.0
34.8

12.6

118.0

121.5
24.3
19.0
12.7
14.8

128.1

128.2

21.7
19.3
9.6

20.9

130.2
21.5

18.7

19.3

9.3

9.5

9.3

9.1

9.3

433.7
26.2
11.5
20.4
10.2
8.0

330.4
16.4

12.7
40.7
165.3

13.9
41.3
169.4

12.9
7.5
7.5

14.0
8.7
7.8

13.9
41.2
170.5
13.7

322.7
15.2
9.4
9.9
6.6
6.4
7.0

330.7
16.1

8.0

435.8
26.4
11.5
20.5
10.0
7.9

9.9

36.2

93.6
(1)

96.7
(1)

0)

0)

1.7

146.4
88.2

121.6
24.5
19.0
12.5
14.7

34.2

1.7

87.5

9.8
124.5

355.6
129.9

7.8

25.3

9.5
122.5
143.4

537.1
5.1
(*)
(2)

343.3
125.4

31.6

8.4
7.7
33.3

10.6
10.0
6.6
6.4
7.4
58.9
80.2
8.1
5.5
6.1

78.9
8.2
5.5
5.6

10.0
10.3

6.9
6.5
7.1
58.3
80.5
8.2

5.6
5.8

53.9

54.7

260.8
15.0
15.4
15.1
154.5

263.6
15.2
15.5
15.2
156.0

12.8

12.8

25.6

7.4
68.7

7.7
70.5

7.7
71.7

1.7

6.3

6.5

6.8

13.2

98.4

58.1

14.0

54.4

255.6
14.9
15.5
14.9
153.0

0)
0)1
()

524.5
4.9

351.3
126.3

7.9

24.6

5.1
20.3
5.4
9.6
124.6
140.5
88.5

Oct.
1986P

398.7
201.8

31.5
(1)

0)1
()

195.0
82.4
26.3

526.8

Sept.
1986

13.9

7.9

0)1
(1)
()

124.0

Oct.
1985

14.4

30.5

Wyoming.

Oct.
1986P

188.5
80.5
25.9

6.9

Green Bay

550.3
4.0
10.2
5.5

Sept.
1986

573.4
4.2
(*)
(*)
13.0

124.2
.9

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah .
Eau Claire

Oct.
1985

573.9
4.2
(*)
<")
13.0
124.1
195.1
83.2
26.5

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
.
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News .
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland....
Parkersburg-Marietta.
Wheeling

Oct.
1986P

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1985 benchmarks except
Michigan. Data for Michigan have been adjusted to December 1984 benchmarks.

77

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

Construction

Mining

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60

$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.31

367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.09

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1985:
November.
December.
1986:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October" ...
November*3

34.8
35.2

$8.66
8.71

$301.37
306.59

43.2
43.8

$12.07
12.27

$521.42
537.43

36.7
36.9

$12.28
12.47

$450.68
460.14

34.7
34.4
34.7
34.6
34.7
34.9
35.0
35.1
34.8
34.8
34.8

8.72
8.74
8.73
8.72
8.72
8.71
8.69
8.70
8.81
8.81
8.85

302.58
300.66
302.93
301.71
302.58
303.98
304.15
305.37
306.59
306.59
307.98

44.4
42.4
42.3
42.0
41.8
42.0
41.6
42.3
42.3
42.2
42.0

12.24
12.32
12.35
12.43
12.44
12.50
12.46
12.51
12.52
12.49
12.50

543.46
522.37
522.41
522.06
519.99
525.00
518.34
529.17
529.60
527.08
525.00

37.2
35.2
36.4
37.6
37.9
37.8
38.3
38.4
38.5
38.0
36.6

12.34
12.35
12.22
12.29
12.33
12.31
12.31
12.39
12.54
12.62
12.60

459.05
434.72
444.81
462.10
467.31
465.32
471.47
475.78
482.79
479.56
461.16

See footnotes at end of table.




79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing
Year and
month

Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime

Weekly
earnings

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2

3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5

7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.53

7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
385.97

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964..
1965...
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969..

40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

1970..
1971 ..
1972..
1973..
1974..
1975..
1976..
1977..
1978..
1979..
1980..
1981 ..
1982..
1983..
1984..
1985..

Wholesale trade

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.61
2.73
2.88
3.05
3.23

$102.56
106.49
111.11
116.06
122.31
129.85

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.5
39.4
39.3
38.8
38.7
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.44
3,65
3.85
4.08
4.39
4.73
5.03
5.39
5.88
6.39

137.26
144.18
151.69
160.34
170.33
183.05
194.66
209.13
228.14
247.93

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30

38.5
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4

6.96
7.56
8.09
8.55
8.89
9.16

267.96
291.06
309.85
329.18
342.27
351.74

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1985:
November.
December.
1986:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
Octobei* ...
November"

40.9
41.7

$9.63
9.74

$9.23
9.31

$393.87
406.16

39.5
39.7

$11.59
11.61

$457.81
460.92

38.5
38.6

$9.23
9.33

$355.36
360.14

40.7
40.3
40.7
40.5
40.6
40.8
40.2
40.7
41.0
40.8
41.1

9.70
9.70
9.72
9.70
9.71
9.70
9.74
9.68
9.73
9.72
9.78

9.31
9.33
9.33
9.33
9.34
9.32
9.35
9.27
9.31
9.32
9.37

394.79
390.91
395.60
392.85
394.23
395.76
391.55
393.98
398.93
396.58
401.96

39.0
39.2
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.4
39.4
39.1
39.1
39.3

11.59
11.64
11.62
11.55
11.54
11.57
11.61
11.61
11.70
11.69
11.76

452.01
456.29
457.83
450.45
450.06
455.86
457.43
457.43
457.47
457.08
462.17

38.3
38.0
38.3
38.3
38.4
38.5
38.5
38.5
38.3
38.4
38.6

9.28
9.36
9.33
9.29
9.29
9.32
9.30
9.32
9.37
9.36
9.43

355.42
355.68
357.34
355.81
356.74
358.82
358.05
358.82
358.87
359.42
364.00

See footnotes at end of table.

80




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Services
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94

209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.89

190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.43

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Hourly
earnings

1964..
1965..
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969..

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

1970.,
1971 .,
1972.
1973.
1974.
1975.
1976.
1977.
1978.
1979.

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

1980.
1981 .
1982.
1983.
1984.
1985.

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94

147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1985:
November...
December...
1986:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September.
October*1
November"

29.1
29.8

$5.97
5.99

$173.73
178.50

36.2
36.7

$8.06
8.15

$291.77
299.11

32.3
32.5

$8.05
8.12

$260.02
263.90

28.7
28.6
28.9
28.9
29.1
29.5
29.9
29.9
29.2
29.1
29.1

6.03
6.04
6.03
6.01
6.00
5.99
5.97
5.97
6.05
6.04
6.05

173.06
172.74
174.27
173.69
174.60
176.71
178.50
178.50
176.66
175.76
176.06

36.4
36.8
36.7
36.4
36.3
36.6
36.5
36.6
36.4
36.5
36.9

8.14
8.28
8.30
8.29
8.31
8.37
8.30
8.33
8.37
8.38
8.48

296.30
304.70
304.61
301.76
301.65
306.34
302.95
304.88
304.67
305.87
312.91

32.4
32.4
32.4
32.4
32.4
32.6
32.8
32.8
32.3
32.4
32.4

8.12
8.17
8.18
8.12
8.10
8.10
8.04
8.05
8.19
8.22
8.32

263.09
264.71
265.03
263.09
262.44
264.06
263.71
264.04
264.54
266.33
269.57

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.
p
= preliminary.




NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1985 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1985 forward are subject to revision. August data for
average hourly and weekly earnings in wholesale trade have
been corrected.

81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Total private .
Mining

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

34.8

34.8

34.8

34.8
42.0

43.2

43.2

42.3

42.2

0
01
02

40.6
38.7
42.0

40.9
39.3
41.7

41.7
41.6
42.0

40.9
39.8
41.7

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining .

1,12
2

41.5
41.5

40.1
40.1

40.5
40.5

40.9
40.9

3
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 31,2
38
Oil and gas field services

43.7
41.6
44.7

44.4
42.1
45.5

42.1
42.1
42.0

42.0
41.5
42.4

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels .
Crushed and broken stone

45.0
46.1

44.3
45.2

46.2
48.1

45.4
46.3

Construction .

Nov.
1986P

34.9

Metal mining ...
Iron ores
Copper ores .

4
42

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

38.3

36.7

38.5

38.0

General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction .

15
152
53
54

37.5
37.0
39.3
37.9

36.5
35.7
40.0
37.0

37.8
37.2
38.4
38.4

37.5
36.7
38.1
38.1

Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway .

161
162

42.4
42.9
42.1

39.8
38.4
40.5

43.1
44.5
42.1

41.7
43.1
40.8

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning ..
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

37.3
38.6
35.1
39.1
35.7
35.7
34.1

35.9
37.4
33.7
38.6
34.2
34.5
31.7

37.5
38.5
35.9
39.3
35.6
35.3
34.5

37.1
38.6
35.6
39.1
35.2
35.6
34.1

40.8

40.9

41.0

40.8

41.1

3.5

3.5

3.7

3.5

3.7

41.3

41.5

41.6

41.3

41.7

3.5

3.7

3.8

3.6

3.7

Manufacturing.
Durable goods .

36.6

Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

40.4
41.0
41.1
41.3
40.3
40.2
40.8
38.9
39.5
41.6
38.5
39.0
39.0
40.4

39.5
37.6
40.3
40.4
40.0
40.1
40.7
39.0
39.3
41.2
38.4
37.7
37.9
39.9

40.7
38.9
41.8
42.0
41.1
41.1
42.0
40.3
40.8
41.6
38.7
39.8
39.5
40.2

40.5
39.8
41.4
41.5
41.2
40.6
40.8
39.9
40.5
41.8
39.1
39.9
40.1
40.1

40.2

3.3
3.9
3.7
3.9
2.9
3.3
3.0
2.7
2.8
4.6
2.1
2.5
2.3
3.3

3.1
3.2
3.6
3.8
3.1
3.1
2.7
3.0
2.6
4.5
2.2
2.1
2.1
3.1

3.9
3.9
4.6
4.8
3.5
3.7
3.6
3.2
3.6
4.8
2.8
3.2
3.1
3.5

3.7
4.5
4.3
4.5
3.4
3.3
2.8
3.1
3.5
4.5
2.7
3.0
3.0
3.1

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture ....
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture .
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures .

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

40.0
39.3
39.8
39.0
39.9
38.5
40.6
40.7
41.3
41.5

39.8
39.0
39.6
38.6
38.8
38.1
40.9
40.7
41.2
41.6

40.4
39.8
39.9
39.4
39.5
40.7
41.5
41.1
42.1
40.8

40.4
39.9
40.5
39.6
39.1
38.8
41.3
40.5
41.6
40.6

40.4

2.7
2.4
2.6
2.2
2.7
2.3
2.8
3.2
3.5
3.5

2.6
2.2
2.6
1.8
1.9
1.8
2.8
3.2
3.5
3.5

3.1
2.7
2.8
2.3
2.8
3.5
3.3
3.8
4.4
3.4

2.9
2.7
3.1
2.5
2.1
2.5
2.9
3.1
3.6
3.0

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass

32
321
322

42.5
45.5
41.1

41.8
47.1
41.2

43.1
44.6
41.7

42.6
44.8
41.8

42.0

5.2
6.9
4.3

4.7
7.5
4.5

5.5
6.2
4.8

5.1
6.0
4.7

Glass and glassware, pressed or blown .
See footnotes at end of table.

82




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Total private
Mining

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986 P

$8.64

$8.66

$8.81

$8.81

$8.85 $301.54 $301.37 $306.59 $306.59 $307.98

12.00

12.07

12.52

12.49

12.50 518.40

521.42

529.60

527.08

525.00

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

13.49
13.35
13.63

13.48
13.03
13.64

13.11
14.59
11.50

12.88
14.25
11.41

547.69
516.65
572.46

551.33
512.08
568.79

546.69
606.94
483.00

526.79
567.15
475.80

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

11,12
12

15.08
15.12

15.26
15.31

15.46
15.52

15.48
15.53

625.82
627.48

611.93
613.93

626.13
628.56

633.13
635.18

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

13
131,2
138

11.11
13.26
10.19

11.19
13.43
10.23

11.66
13.86
10.19

11.60
13.75
10.16

485.51
551.62
455.49

496.84
565.40
465.47

490.89
583.51
427.98

487.20
570.63
430.78

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

14
142

10.31
9.86

10.34
9.79

10.56
10.03

10.59
9.99

463.95
454.55

458.06
442.51

487.87
482.44

480.79
462.54

12.42

12.28

12.54

12.62

12.60 475.69

450.68

482.79

479.56

15
152
153
154

11.35
10.78
9.22
12.04

11.21
10.55
9.26
11.97

11.48
10.79
9.86
12.26

11.57
10.87
9.90
12.35

425.63
398.86
362.35
456.32

409.17
376.64
370.40
442.89

433.94
401.39
378.62
470.78

433.88
398.93
377.19
470.54

16
161
162

12.17
11.63
12.48

11.76
10.99
12.14

12.08
12.12
12.05

12.25
12.35
12.19

516.01
498.93
525.41

468.05
422.02
491.67

520.65
539.34
507.31

510.83
532.29
497.35

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

12.99
13.29
12.04
14.37
13.06
12.10
11.41

12.93
13.13
11.96
14.37
12.93
11.93
11.17

13.13
13.38
12.30
14.65
13.32
12.42
11.46

13.19
13.35
12.32
14.64
13.40
12.44
11.70

484.53
512.99
422.60
561.87
466.24
431.97
389.08

464.19
491.06
403.05
554.68
442.21
411.59
354.09

492.38
515.13
441.57
575.75
474.19
438.43
395.37

489.35
515.31
438.59
572.42
471.68
442.86
398.97

9.56

9.63

9.73

9.72

9.78 390.05

393.87

398.93

396.58

401.96

10.15

10.22

10.30

10.28

10.33 419.20

424.13

428.48

424.56

430.76

Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work
Manufacturing
Durable goods

461.16

Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

8.30
11.16
8.54
8.96
6.29
8.11
8.31
7.23
6.77
9.79
5.84
7.39
7.44
7.07

8.29
11.21
8.57
8.99
6.38
8.15
8.36
7.32
6.69
9.81
5.81
7.36
7.43
7.10

8.42
11.13
8.55
8.94
6.53
8.28
8.51
7.61
6.82
9.61
6.03
7.74
7.76
7.20

8.37
11.14
8.49
8.90
6.46
8.21
8.43
7.59
6.81
9.49
6.03
7.78
7.82
7.13

8.41 335.32
457.56
350.99
370.05
253.49
326.02
339.05
281.25
267.42
407.26
224.84
288.21
290.16
285.63

327.46
421.50
345.37
363.20
255.20
326.82
340.25
285.48
262.92
404.17
223.10
277.47
281.60
283.29

342.69
432.96
357.39
375.48
268.38
340.31
357.42
306.68
278.26
399.78
233.36
308.05
306.52
289.44

338.99
443.37
351.49
369.35
266.15
333.33
343.94
302.84
275.81
396.68
235.77
310.42
313.58
285.91

338.08

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

7.29
6.66
6.17
7.24
7.02
7.01
8.17
7.74
8.89
7.81

7.32
6.69
6.21
7.24
6.96
7.08
8.14
7.81
8.98
7.83

7.52
6.95
6.42
7.55
7.24
7.33
8.16
8.06
9.04
7.92

7.49
6.93
6.42
7.57
7.08
7.24
8.14
7.89
9.11
7.87

7.50 291.60
261.74
245.57
282.36
280.10
269.89
331.70
315.02
367.16
324.12

291.34
260.91
245.92
279.46
270.05
269.75
332.93
317.87
369.98
325.73

303.81
276.61
256.16
297.47
285.98
298.33
338.64
331.27
380.58
323.14

302.60
276.51
260.01
299.77
276.83
280.91
336.18
319.55
378.98
319.52

303.00

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown

32
321
322

9.87
14.02
10.72

9.91
14.21
10.80

10.11
14.37
11.18

10.08
14.17
11.05

10.11 419.48
637.91
440.59

414.24
669.29
444.96

435.74
640.90
466.21

429.41
634.82
461.89

424.62

See footnotes at end of table.




83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

5.4
3.1
3.0
3.3
4.1
3.1
7.4
7.7
6.8
7.4
3.8
1.7
4.0

5.2
3.6
3.3
3.2
3.9
3.1
6.2
6.9
5.9
5.5
3.7
1.9
3.4

5.9
3.4
4.0
3.4
4.1
2.7
7.7
7.7
7.1
7.8
3.9
2.7
3.6

5.7
3.4
3.6
3.0
4.0
2.8
7.0
7.5
6.5
6.9
4.0
2.7
3.9

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

41.6
40.6
41.6
41.0
41.1
40.0
44.4
45.9
44.4
43.4
41.2
38.9
42.3

41.9
40.4
42.0
41.2
41.1
40.4
42.4
44.0
43.1
40.3
41.5
39.5
42.4

42.1
41.3
42.4
41.4
42.1
40.1
45.6
46.0
45.6
45.1
41.0
39.0
42.3

42.0
41.6
41.5
41.0
41.7
40.2
44.7
45.6
44.8
43.8
41.0
38.5
43.4

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ...
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

41.4
40.9
40.7
42.5
41.1
41.1
38.5
41.0
41.7
42.4
42.2
42.0
41.9
41.8
41.8
42.2

41.8
41.5
41.2
43.9
41.2
41.4
38.5
40.0
41.1
40.6
42.8
41.4
43.2
42.6
42.1
42.8

42.1
41.6
41.8
41.1
41.9
42.1
39.8
41.3
42.8
43.2
43.0
42.5
44.3
42.6
41.9
42.5

41.9
41.5
41.5
41.8
41.7
41.9
40.1
39.9
43.6
45.1
42.5
41.5
43.2
42.4
41.8
42.4

42.5
42.0

3.8
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.7
4.2
1.9
2.8
3.4
3.4
4.9
4.0
5.4
4.9
3.6
4.1

4.0
3.4
3.4
4.0
4.0
4.6
2.0
2.6
3.5
3.3
5.1
3.6
5.6
5.2
3.9
4.2

4.4
4.0
4.2
3.3
4.5
5.2
2.8
3.6
4.4
4.6
5.3
4.8
6.1
5.4
3.6
4.0

4.3
4.0
4.1
4.1
4.3
5.0
2.9
2.9
4.3
4.2
5.1
4.6
6.1
5.1
3.4
3.8

41.6
42.7
43.0
41.0
41.0
40.8
40.8
40.7
40.5
41.3
43.4
41.1
41.1
40.0
39.4
42.2
41.4
42.9
43.2
41.5
45.3
41.2
41.2
41.0
41.7
41.3
40.9
40.4
39.9
40.7

41.6
43.0
43.5
41.3
41.0
41.3
40.6
40.8
40.0
41.3
42.0
41.0
42.4
39.9
39.8
42.4
41.5
43.3
43.1
41.9
44.6
41.4
41.0
40.5
41.9
41.8
41.3
40.6
40.6
40.6

41.6
43.5
43.6
40.7
40.8
40.6
40.3
40.4
39.9
41.3
42.6
40.5
41.8
40.5
39.9
42.4
40.6
44.1
42.9
40.9
44.7
41.6
41.1
40.8
41.6
41.0
40.4
40.8
40.3
40.5

41.3
43.0
43.3
40.7
41.0
40.6
40.4
40.4
40.1
41.1
42.1
40.5
41.3
40.6
39.4
42.0
40.4
43.6
42.4
40.5
43.7
41.6
40.9
40.4
41.8
40.7
39.6
40.4
39.7
40.3

41.6

3.6
5.2
5.4
3.1
2.5
3.4
2.9
2.6
2.9
3.5
4.3
3.3
3.2
2.8
3.6
4.2
3.5
4.9
4.6
3.3
6.2
3.0
3.7
3.3
4.6
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.3
2.7

3.6
5.4
5.8
3.2
2.5
3.6
2.6
2.5
2.4
3.4
3.5
3.3
3.6
2.6
4.1
4.4
3.5
5.2
4.7
3.9
5.9
3.3
3.5
3.0
4.4
2.7
2.8
2.7
3.0
2.7

3.7
6.0
6.0
2.8
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.2
2.7
3.7
4.4
3.5
3.7
3.1
3.4
4.7
3.4
5.9
4.6
3.1
5.8
3.6
3.6
3.5
3.7
2.8
2.4
2.9
2.4
3.0

3.5
5.3
5.4
2.9
2.8
3.0
2.8
2.1
2.8
3.4
4.0
3.3
3.3
3.1
2.8
4.3
3.1
5.4
4.4
2.9
5.4
3.6
3.4
3.3
3.7
2.8
2.1
2.6
2.1
2.6

41.4
41.4
41.8
41.3
40.5
40.8

41.8
42.7
42.0
42.9
40.4
40.5

41.7
42.1
41.3
42.4
40.8
41.6

41.5
42.3
41.1
42.8
40.1
40.8

42.0

3.3
3.6
5.6
2.8
2.2
2.5

3.6
4.3
5.8
3.7
2.3
2.3

3.6
4.0
4.6
3.7
2.9
3.5

3.4
4.4
4.6
4.3
2.3
2.8

34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
3451
Screw machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
347
Metal services, nee
3471
Plating and polishing
3479
Metal coating and allied services
348
Ordnance and accessories, nee
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets .
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
See footnotes at end of table.

84




35
351
3511
3519
352
3523

Nov.
1986P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

1972
SIC
Code

3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329

3291
3292
33
331
3312

3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
3451
Screw machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
347
Metal services, nee
3471
Plating and polishing
3479
Metal coating and allied services
348
Ordnance and accessories, nee
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment

35
351

3511
3519
352
3523

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

$11.13
10.23
8.58
13.04
8.11
8.81
9.67
8.28
8.50

$11.13 $11.54 $11.45
10.39 10.74 10.55
8.81
8.78
8.61
13.60 13.29 13.21
8.27
8.15
8.18
8.64
8.75
8.75
9.87
9.61
9.86
8.30
8.77
8.76
8.54
8.76
8.66
10.70 10.75
10.55
-10.02 10.32 10.33
9.89
9.83
9.39
10.28
10.00 10.21

10.69
9.97
9.34
10.05
11.61
13.32
14.02
10.59
10.51
10.97
11.16
9.64
13.66
14.15
10.98
9.92
13.50
10.82

11.77
13.43
14.09
10.75
10.65
11.16
11.17
9.70
13.97
14.55
11.15
9.94
13.80
10.85

9.43

9.37
9.59

9.71
13.04

9.76
13.22

13.78

13.94
9.73
8.89
10.22

9.28

9.69
8.91
10.16
8.74
8.49
8.51
8.97

9.39
7.37
10.04
9.36
8.39
9.19
8.63
9.72
11.73
12.20
13.71
8.78
7.79
7.65
8.08

10.32

8.79
8.61
8.55
9.02

10.48
13.09
13.07
13.10
10.10
11.01

Nov.
1985

$463.01
415.34
356.93
534.64
333.32
352.40
429.35
380.05
377.40
463.95
410.76
363.33
425.12

$466.35
419.76
361.62
560.32
336.20
353.50
407.46
365.20
368.07
425.17

415.83
370.91
424.00

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

$485.83 $480.90
443.56 438.88
372.27 365.62
541.61
550.21
343.12 344.86
347.33
350.88
450.07 440.74

402.96
399.46
482.57
423.12

399.91
387.97

431.88

470.85
423.53
378.46
446.15

385.71

501.83
579.49
614.88
444.70
447.49
469.42
442.58
412.17
573.95
616.03
484.18
431.80
620.64
472.01
396.37
411.83

496.10
571.46
602.17
456.46
443.69
465.51
445.91
397.01
574.65
614.71
475.58
423.72
587.09
466.40
397.52
414.25

$506.60
580.86

9.87
13.47
14.20
9.67
8.89

9.87
13.21
13.95

9.90 403.94
556.81
592.54
397.29
365.31
414.53
356.59
345.54
344.66
370.46
407.53
302.91
412.64
374.40
330.57
387.82
357.28
416.99
506.74
506.30
621.06
361.74
320.95
313.65
336.94
426.22
409.41
361.18
382.24
328.86

406.02
568.46
606.39
401.85
364.49
422.09
356.87
351.29
342.00
372.53
390.60
305.45
432.48
373.07
335.91
391.78
359.39
423.91
508.15
514.95
614.14
365.56
319.80
310.64
337.30
433.47
417.54
364.59
393.01
329.27

410.59
585.95
619.12
393.57
362.71
410.06
362.70
351.08
352.72
375.83
407.68
307.40
427.61
383.94
340.35
404.50
360.93
446.29
504.93
500.62
611.94
377.31
325.51
319.46
336.96
439.52
420.56
374.54
395.34
334.13

407.63
568.03
604.04
398.05
364.90
416.15
365.22
353.10
356.09
373.60
402.90
310.23
418.37
382.45
334.51
399.00
359.16
438.62
502.02
495.72
605.68
379.39
323.52
316.74
336.07
436.71
412.63
370.47
389.85
333.28

411.84

10.60 430.97
535.72
543.40
533.60
411.89
447.17

438.06
558.94
548.94
561.99
408.04
445.91

441.19
542.67
540.20
543.14
379.44
407.26

438.66
554.55
543.75
559.40
366.11
393.31

445.20

10.10
9.00
8.69
8.84

9.10
10.23

10.41
12.94
13.00
12.92
10.17
10.96

Oct.
1985

491.99
557.35
580.51
471.93
438.78
462.02
430.05
388.00
574.17
590.73
477.22
411.52
596.16
462.21
394.48
410.45

10.20
9.35
8.44
9.24
8.66
9.79
11.79

9.58
8.08

8.94

Nov.
1986P

11.84 $11.92 480.65
13.77 13.83 544.79
14.51
570.61
10.92
450.08
10.64
431.96
11.11
450.87
11.12
429.66
9.95
395.24
13.18
569.62
13.63
599.96
11.19
463.36
10.21
416.64
13.59
565.65
11.00
452.28
9.51
387.90
9.77
397.95

9.57
7.59

12.29
13.77
8.83
7.80
7.67
8.05
10.37

Oct.
1986P

11.92
13.93
14.71
10.82
10.68
11.15
11.12
9.98
13.41
14.26
11.26
10.16
14.01
11.08
9.46
9.69

9.30
7.45

10.11
8.98
9.68
8.11

10.01

Sept.
1986

Average weekly earnings

9.48
8.53

9.54
8.89

10.12
11.77
12.24
13.69
9.07
7.92
7.83
8.10
10.72
10.41
9.18
9.81

9.78

8.90
10.25
9.04
8.74
8.88

9.09
9.57
7.66
10.13
9.42
8.49
9.50

8.89
10.06
11.84
12.24
13.86

9.12
7.91
7.84
8.04
10.73

10.42
9.17

8.25

9.82
8.27

10.58

10.57

12.89

13.11

13.08
12.81

13.23

9.30

13.07
9.13

9.79

9.64

See footnotes at end of table.




85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves ....
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ....
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories ...
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies ....
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
See footnotes at end of table.

86




1972
SIC
Code

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356

3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585

359
3592
3599
36
361

3612
3613
362

3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674

3679
369
3691
3694

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

41.7
42.3
41.0
42.2
41.4
39.8
42.4
42.6
42.2
43.1
41.3
40.6
41.4
41.8
40.7
40.6
40.9
40.2
42.7
40.9
40.7
40.5
40.4
41.9
42.1
40.3
40.4
41.0
41.6
40.9

41.9
42.3
41.7
42.1
42.6
40.1
42.5
42.2
42.8
43.5
41.3
40.3
42.3
43.0
41.5
41.6
41.5
40.5
43.2
42.2
40.7
41.1
41.1
42.8
42.8
41.1
41.4
40.9
41.1
40.8

41.5
43.2
40.5
39.2
41.7
40.9
42.4
41.7
41.3
43.6
40.4
42.3
42.0
42.8
42.4
40.8
41.5
40.5
42.7
41.0
42.0
42.0
42.5
42.4
42.4
41.5
41.9
41.1
42.6
40.9

41.5
43.4
40.3
39.4
41.5
40.6
42.2
41.7
41.7
43.2
40.5
41.2
41.6
42.4
42.8
40.8
41.4
41.0
43.0
41.3
40.8
42.0
41.2
41.8
41.7
41.0
41.4
41.1
41.8
41.0

40.6
41.1
41.7
40.5
40.4
40.7
39.8
40.5
39.5
40.0
41.3
40.3
40.2
39.9
41.2
39.6
40.7
39.6
41.2
40.0
41.7
40.1
40.8
40.1
40.4
41.7
44.6
41.4

41.3
42.0
42.6
41.4
40.8
41.0
40.2
40.6
38.5
41.1
41.4
40.6
42.1
39.8
42.1
38.9
40.8
40.4
42.2
41.4
42.4
41.0
42.3
41.0
41.2
41.8
44.5
41.9

41.3
41.0
41.9
40.1
40.9
41.3
40.0
41.2
39.9
43.1
41.5
40.5
41.3
40.1
41.0
39.1
42.8
43.1
41.4
41.7
41.4
41.4
43.2
41.2
41.7
41.8
43.9
41.9

41.0
40.7
41.4
40.1
40.2
40.3
39.5
41.1
39.8
41.1
42.3
40.2
41.1
39.9
41.2
38.6
42.2
41.8
41.3
40.9
41.4
40.9
43.9
40.1
41.3
41.7
44.5
41.3

Nov.
1986P

41.4

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

2.9
2.4
2.7
3.6
3.6
2.7
4.5
4.1
4.5
5.4
3.3
2.6
3.7
3.2
2.6
3.8
2.9
2.2
4.0
3.1
2.8
2.7
2.7
2.3
2.3
2.8
3.0
3.8
4.3
3.8

3.1
2.9
2.7
3.4
4.1
3.1
4.7
4.3
4.7
5.7
3.6
2.1
4.1
3.6
2.8
4.2
3.3
2.7
4.3
3.2
2.4
3.3
3.2
3.0
2.9
2.9
3.1
3.7
4.0
3.7

2.9
2.5
3.0
3.1
3.5
3.0
4.7
3.7
4.6
5.7
3.5
2.9
3.7
3.7
3.9
3.9
3.4
2.2
4.6
2.5
3.6
4.5
5.0
3.0
3.0
3.5
3.9
3.6
4.8
3.4

2.8
2.4
2.3
3.4
3.4
3.0
4.4
3.6
5.0
5.4
3.3
2.3
3.4
3.3
4.1
3.5
3.3
2.3
4.7
3.1
2.6
4.2
3.9
2.8
2.7
3.1
3.4
3.5
4.2
3.4

2.7
3.1
3.1
3.1
2.5
2.8
2.0
2.8
2.6
1.3
3.2
2.5
2.5
2.1
2.2
2.1
3.1
2.4
2.6
1.7
3.0
2.5
2.4
2.6
2.6
3.5
4.8
3.6

3.1
3.5
3.6
3.4
2.6
2.9
2.1
3.1
2.7
2.2
3.2
2.9
2.8
2.2
3.0
2.1
3.6
3.0
3.1
2.3
3.4
2.9
2.2
3.2
3.1
3.7
4.8
4.2

3.1
3.0
3.2
2.8
2.8
3.3
2.1
3.5
2.7
4.7
3.8
2.8
3.3
2.1
3.0
1.7
3.4
3.1
2.8
2.5
2.9
3.4
3.0
3.5
3.6
3.7
4.3
4.2

2.9
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.3
2.5
1.8
3.5
3.2
2.7
4.5
2.5
3.2
1.8
3.3
1.6
2.6
1.7
2.6
1.9
2.9
3.1
3.8
3.1
3.4
3.5
4.8
3.7

Nov.
1986P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—-Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment ,
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1972
SIC
Code

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537

354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546

355
3551
3552
3555

356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568

357
3573

358
3585

359
3592
3599

36
361
3612
3613

362
3621
3622

363
3632
3633
3634

364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679

369
3691
3694

Averagei weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

$11.02 $11.03 $11.09 $11.06
12.09 12.12 12.23 12.24
11.51
11.45 11.56 11.40
11.16 11.06
11.22 11.19
9.92
9.98
9.86
9.96
9.33
9.87
9.84
9.37
10.70 10.84 11.07 11.08
10.76 10.84 11.09
11.09
10.96 11.13 11.45 11.56
11.43 11.60 11.75 11.77
9.97
9.59
9.94
9.69
8.21
8.48
8.55
8.30
10.30 10.44 10.49 10.42
10.52 10.66 10.68 10.61
8.48
8.14
8.06
8.44
11.17 11.10
10.80 10.99
10.27 10.25
10.14 10.21
10.73 10.85 10.95
10.93
10.41
10.42 10.73
10.66
10.33 10.25 10.24 10.30
9.07
8.99
9.08
9.10
10.56
10.60 10.35 10.25
10.39 10.22
10.21
10.11
10.07 10.11
9.51
9.65
9.47
10.04 10.08
9.62
10.28 10.24 10.37 10.30
10.67 10.57 10.62 10.52
10.24 10.20
10.08 10.11
12.63
12.74 12.70 12.75
9.71
9.82
9.84
9.66
9.55
8.92
8.76
9.05
9.52
9.51
9.14
9.18
10.46
10.87
7.18
8.70
9.93
8.14
9.04
6.54
9.31
9.80
11.39
10.87
11.59
8.43
10.76
9.69
7.83
10.41
11.02
11.01

9.61
8.96
8.80
9.11
9.65
9.67
9.27
9.27
10.61
10.96
7.12
8.71
9.93
8.10
9.15
6.43
9.48
9.92
11.38
10.84
11.58
8.48
10.73
9.71
7.91
10.49
11.06
11.14

9.73
9.08
8.93
9.23
9.71
9.68
9.54
9.53
11.02
11.39
7.27
8.87
9.83
8.34
9.30
6.43
9.31
9.60
11.49
11.16
11.61
8.76
10.79
10.42
7.95
10.44
11.07
10.92

9.69
9.11
8.98
9.24
9.61
9.59
9.36
9.43
11.03
11.26
7.20
8.84
9.70
8.34
9.32
6.39
9.25
9.56
11.43
11.13
11.53
8.74
10.74
10.37
7.96
10.47
10.98
11.03

Nov.
1986P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

$459.53
511.41
471.91
473.48
408.20
371.33
453.68
458.38
462.51
492.63
396.07
333.33
426.42
439.74
328.04
438.48
414.73
431.35
444.51
422.50
365.89
427.68
408.44
398.47
398.69
414.28
431.07
413.28
529.98
395.09

$462.16
512.68
477.47
471.10
424.30
375.74
460.70
457.45
476.36
504.60
400.20
334.49
441.61
458.38
337.81
457.18
423.72
439.43
450.14
432.55
369.15
435.66
419.63
413.02
411.74
420.86
437.60
413.50
521.97
396.17

$460.24
528.34
468.18
437.47
416.17
402.46
469.37
462.45
472.89
512.30
402.79
361.67
440.58
457.10
359.55
455.74
426.21
443.48
458.17
419.84
381.36
434.70
441.58
426.97
425.70
430.36
444.98
420.86
543.15
402.46

$458.99
531.22
459.42
435.76
411.68
400.72
467.58
462.45
482.05
508.46
402.57
349.38
433.47
449.86
361.23
452.88
424.35
448.13
458.38
425.39
371.28
430.50
421.06
422.60
420.34
422.30
435.53
419.22
527.93
402.62

396.89
376.32
374.88
377.15
393.72
396.47
372.65
376.36
408.49
450.46
294.77
353.63
418.05
322.38
385.22
250.13
386.78
400.77
480.24
448.78
490.99
347.68
453.88
398.11
325.89
438.48
492.17
466.77

401.85
372.28
374.17
370.12
397.14
399.78
381.60
392.64
439.70
490.91
301.71
359.24
405.98
334.43
381.30
251.41
398.47
413.76
475.69
465.37
480.65
362.66
466.13
429.30
331.52
436.39
485.97
457.55

397.29 $404.89
370.78
_
371.77
370.52
386.32
386.48
_
369.72
387.57
_
438.99
_
462.79
304.56
355.37
398.67
_
332.77
_
383.98
246.65
_
390.35
399.61
472.06
_
455.22
477.34
357.47
_
_
471.49
415.84
_
328.75
_
436.60
_
488.61
455.54
-

$9.78 387.73
366.61
_
365.29
366.53
_
384.61
387.06
_
363.77
371.79
_
413.17
_
_
434.80
296.53
_
350.61
399.19
_
324.79
372.45
_
258.98
378.92
_
388.08
469.27
434.80
_
483.30
338.04
_
439.01
388.57
_
316.33
434.10
_
491.49
455.81
-

Oct.
1986P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts .
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1972
SIC
Code

37
371
3711

3713
3714

3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761

379
3792

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments .
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies .
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ....
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
See footnotes at end of table.

88




386
387
391

3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395

396
3961
399
3993
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204

2041
2048
205
2051
2052

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Average overtime hours
Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

42.7
43.6
44.2
41.1
43.6
39.7
42.4
41.7
42.1
43.8
40.6
40.5
40.8
39.9
42.4
42.5
38.7
37.6

42.9
43.5
44.1
41.9
43.4
41.0
43.0
42.1
43.1
44.3
40.7
41.1
39.7
41.8
42.9
43.2
38.5
37.9

42.3
42.5
42.4
40.9
43.1
40.6
42.9
42.1
43.5
43.7
40.8
41.2
39.8
40.3
42.0
41.9
41.1
39.0

41.9
42.1
41.8
40.9
42.8
39.8
42.5
41.8
43.0
43.4
40.5
40.5
40.3
40.3
41.9
41.8
40.3
37.9

42.6
42.6

4.7
5.2
5.8
3.5
5.1
2.3
4.7
3.9
5.0
5.5
3.5
3.7
2.8
2.3
4.6
4.8
2.1
1.5

5.1
5.4
6.0
3.9
5.3
2.6
5.1
4.1
6.3
5.8
4.4
5.1
2.4
2.9
4.8
5.1
2.0
1.5

4.5
4.4
4.4
3.2
4.8
2.7
5.3
4.5
5.9
6.1
3.4
3.7
2.5
2.6
4.3
4.5
4.3
2.7

4.2
4.0
3.9
3.2
4.4
2.1
5.1
4.5
5.6
5.6
3.0
3.2
2.5
3.0
4.1
4.3
4.2
2.6

40.7
41.5
40.0
39.7
40.5
39.3
40.1
40.9
41.3
40.6
39.8
42.5
39.3

41.3
42.3
40.9
39.7
41.7
40.5
40.5
41.7
41.6
41.9
39.5
42.9
38.0

40.9
41.6
40.5
39.9
40.6
40.2
41.8
40.5
40.6
40.6
39.8
42.8
40.7

40.8
41.4
40.2
39.7
40.3
39.8
41.7
40.4
40.6
40.4
39.8
43.6
39.1

41.5

2.5
2.9
2.0
1.9
2.2
1.7
2.1
3.0
3.0
3.0
1.9
3.2
1.5

2.8
3.4
2.1
1.7
2.7
2.0
2.2
3.6
3.2
4.0
1.8
3.5
1.3

2.8
3.1
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.0
2.9
2.9
3.1
2.8
2.5
3.4
2.0

2.7
3.1
2.3
2.1
2.2
1.9
2.8
2.7
2.9
2.7
2.4
3.6
1.8

40.3
40.8
40.3
40.5
39.5
39.9
39.2
40.8
40.6
40.3
40.5
41.0

40.2
41.0
40.3
40.1
39.3
38.7
39.7
41.0
40.6
40.7
40.3
40.5

39.6
38.7
37.6
41.3
39.6
39.2
39.9
40.7
38.0
37.3
40.1
40.2

39.9
40.5
39.4
40.7
39.9
39.4
40.4
40.6
38.2
36.7
40.1
40.7

40.6

2.8
4.3
4.4
2.1
2.0
1.9
2.1
1.8
3.5
3.6
3.0
3.1

2.8
4.6
4.6
2.1
2.1
1.6
2.4
1.8
3.2
3.6
2.8
2.6

2.5
2.4
2.1
3.2
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.2
3.1
3.5
2.8
2.8

2.8
3.6
3.6
2.6
2.4
2.2
2.5
2.2
2.9
2.8
2.9
3.2

39.9
40.4
40.2
41.1
42.3
38.6
41.0
39.5
41.9
39.9
41.4
38.7
40.2
44.1
47.3
43.5
39.4
38.8
41.0

40.0
40.2
40.1
41.8
41.0
38.0
41.5
39.7
43.0
38.8
40.4
38.3
37.2
44.0
47.0
42.9
39.0
38.5
40.2

40.2
40.4
40.2
41.3
40.5
39.3
41.2
39.3
42.9
40.0
44.3
39.6
38.0
44.3
47.8
43.9
40.0
39.3
41.5

40.0
40.0
39.1
40.5
39.5
37.7
40.5
38.2
42.1
39.9
42.2
39.9
38.7
43.9
46.9
42.8
39.4
38.6
41.3

40.4
40.2

3.3
4.1
3.8
4.2
4.5
3.1
4.2
3.4
4.9
4.3
5.6
4.4
4.4
6.0
6.2
6.1
3.4
3.5
2.9

3.3
4.0
4.1
4.6
4.5
3.5
4.4
3.6
5.3
3.1
4.9
3.0
2.3
5.6
6.3
5.5
3.3
3.6
2.8

3.7
4.4
3.9
4.6
3.9
3.5
4.6
4.8
5.2
4.9
8.3
5.1
4.6
6.3
7.3
6.3
4.1
4.1
4.3

3.5
4.0
3.5
4.0
3.4
3.0
3.9
3.3
4.9
4.3
6.9
4.7
3.6
6.0
7.2
5.7
3.5
3.5
3.6

Nov.
1986P

3.6

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1972
SIC
Code

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

$12.78 $12.85 $12.87 $12.88 $12.91 $545.71
13.52
13.44
13.52 585.98
13.52
13.50
651.51
14.84
14.74
15.02
14.94
440.18
10.83
10.71
11.19
11.03
558.08
12.89
12.80
12.82
12.86
372.39
9.51
9.38
9.42
9.47
538.90
12.78
12.71
12.95
12.95
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
539.72
$12.82 $13.10 $13.19 $13.14
511.58
11.68
11.93
11.68
11.93
435.23
10.72
10.65
10.77
10.66
468.59
11.57
11.61
11.63
11.62
340.27
8.34
8.07
8.24
8.06
497.95
12.48
12.67
12.67
12.65
515.16
12.15
12.20
12.17
12.23
527.85
12.42
12.56
12.39
12.57
373.07
9.64
10.87
9.94
10.66
319.98
8.51
9.28
8.44
8.93

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

$551.27
588.12
654.44
453.78
559.43
389.91
549.54

$544.40
573.75
633.46
451.13
554.27
384.48
555.56

$539.67 $549.97
569.19 575.95
627.84
457.67
548.70
374.92
550.38

564.61
517.42
438.34
477.99
327.13
529.61
522.09
535.25
382.69
319.88

573.77
521.34
434.93
478.74
320.79
509.80
513.66
526.68
438.13
348.27

565.02
517.76
431.33
470.21
325.22
510.60
511.18
525.01
438.06
351.71

9.24
9.82
9.00
8.63
9.19
9.19
10.05
8.25
8.39
8.18
7.00
12.30
6.83

9.27
9.87
9.03
8.67
9.20
9.22
10.05
8.30
8.39
8.27
7.03
12.31
6.91

9.51
10.25
9.36
8.73
9.49
9.53
10.56
8.52
8.73
8.35
7.17
12.67
7.02

9.55
10.37
9.37
8.75
9.44
9.56
10.48
8.54
8.73
8.41
1.22
12.71
7.04

9.60 376.07
407.53
360.00
342.61
372.20
361.17
403.01
337.43
346.51
332.11
278.60
522.75
268.42

382.85
417.50
369.33
344.20
383.64
373.41
407.03
346.11
349.02
346.51
277.69
528.10
262.58

388.96
426.40
379.08
348.33
385.29
383.11
441.41
345.06
354.44
339.01
285.37
542.28
285.71

389.64
429.32
376.67
347.38
380.43
380.49
437.02
345.02
354.44
339.76
287.36
554.16
275.26

398.40

7.32
7.87
7.94
7.01
6.61
6.29
6.91
7.69
5.86
5.45
8.07
8.59

7.37
7.92
7.98
6.96
6.69
6.44
6.88
7.68
5.94
5.49
8.13
8.46

7.59
8.09
8.16
7.23
6.99
6.88
7.08
7.76
6.24
5.72
8.31
8.58

7.60
8.18
8.22
7.24
6.99
6.89
7.07
7.79
6.07
5.50
8.38
8.76

7.60 295.00
321.10
319.98
283.91
261.10
250.97
270.87
313.75
237.92
219.64
326.84
352.19

296.27
324.72
321.59
279.10
262.92
249.23
273.14
314.88
241.16
223.44
327.64
342.63

300.56
313.08
306.82
298.60
276.80
269.70
282.49
315.83
237.12
213.36
333.23
344.92

303.24
331.29
323.87
294.67
278.90
271.47
285.63
316.27
231.87
201.85
336.04
356.53

308.56

8.72
8.51
7.26
8.20
8.68
5.82
9.36
8.75
9.67
7.57
9.44
7.33
7.04
10.41
10.01
7.90
9.65
9.67
9.61

8.79
8.61
7.26
8.14
8.72
5.85
9.41
8.74
9.76
7.73
9.48
7.55
7.15
10.53
10.39
8.00
9.74
9.69
9.85

8.96
8.65
7.31
8.33
8.75
5.95
9.48
8.86
9.87
7.79
10.18
7.60
7.02
10.63
10.40
8.26
9.96
9.89
10.13

8.96
8.67
7.31
8.32
8.69
5.98
9.45
8.80
9.82
7.81
9.92
7.57
7.05
10.70
10.47
8.23
9.93
9.85
10.13

9.02 347.93
8.77 343.80
291.85
337.02
367.16
224.65
383.76
345.63
405.17
302.04
390.82
283.67
283.01
459.08
473.47
343.65
380.21
375.20
394.01

351.60
346.12
291.13
340.25
357.52
222.30
390.52
346.98
419.68
299.92
382.99
289.17
265.98
463.32
488.33
343.20
379.86
373.07
395.97

360.19
349.46
293.86
344.03
354.38
233.84
390.58
348.20
423.42
311.60
450.97
300.96
266.76
470.91
497.12
362.61
398.40
388.68
420.40

358.40
346.80
285.82
336.96
343.26
225.45
382.73
336.16
413.42
311.62
418.62
302.04
272.84
469.73
491.04
352.24
391.24
380.21
418.37

364.41
352.55

See footnotes at end of table.




89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

209

41.7
43.5
41.0
43.7
40.0
41.1
38.9
38.1

42.3
47.0
40.7
44.1
40.3
42.2
39.2
37.7

41.0
41.3
40.7
43.9
40.0
41.7
39.1
38.4

41.1
40.9
41.2
43.8
39.9
41.2
39.2
38.3

Tobacco manufactures .
Cigarettes

21
211

39.3
37.3

36.4
36.4

38.5
37.0

39.0
36.9

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool .
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks .
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225

40.9
41.0
40.9
41.3
40.7
38.9
37.9
38.3
38.6
37.7
40.6
42.2
43.3
41.1
43.1
41.5
42.2
38.7
43.2

41.2
41.5
41.3
40.9
40.6
39.2
39.3
38.0
38.3
38.5
41.4
43.0
43.8
41.9
42.6
42.0
42.7
38.7
43.8

41.9
43.3
41.9
42.1
40.8
39.5
38.6
38.6
38.6
40.6
42.8
43.4
43.7
42.6
44.1
42.5
43.7
38.2
43.0

36.8
35.9
37.2
36.6
36.8
37.4
34.9
35.6
33.5
34.4
35.5
37.6
38.2
34.7
37.2
36.5
37.7
39.8
38.6
40.1
41.8

37.0
36.1
37.6
37.2
37.2
37.4
35.2
34.6
34.1
34.5
36.2
37.4
37.8
35.6
37.6
37.0
37.4
39.5
38.7
39.6
40.9

43.3
45.1
45.5
44.5
42.0
42.7
42.2
42.9
42.6
42.7
43.5
41.7

43.5
45.2
45.3
44.7
42.5
43.6
42.7
43.1
42.5
42.7
43.0
43.2

206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086

2251
2252
2253
2254
2257

226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
,
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper..
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes ..
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes .
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264

See footnotes at end of table.

90




2339
234
2341
2342
236

2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653

2654

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

4.6
7.2
3.9
5.7
3.5
5.1
2.7
3.8

4.7
8.5
3.5
5.4
3.7
6.3
2.8
3.6

4.1
6.5
3.2
5.9
3.7
4.6
3.1
3.9

4.0
6.3
3.1
5.7
3.4
4.4
3.0
3.7

38.2

1.8
1.8

1.1
1.2

1.5
1.0

1.8
1.0

41.7
43.4
41.9
42.0
41.1
39.5
39.4
39.3
38.1
40.3
42.2
43.1
43.3
42.4
42.3
42.3
43.4
38.4
43.0

42.1

3.8
4.6
3.4
3.8
3.1
2.7
2.2
2.3
2.8
1.9
4.3
4.9
6.0
4.2
4.9
4.0
4.4
3.1
4.2

4.0
4.7
3.7
3.3
3.2
2.8
2.8
2.1
2.5
2.1
4.4
5.7
6.6
5.1
4.3
4.4
4.8
3.1
4.8

4.5
6.0
4.4
3.8
3.3
3.2
2.8
2.5
3.2
3.0
4.9
5.3
6.0
5.2
5.7
4.9
5.6
3.2
4.5

4.3
6.0
4.5
4.1
3.3
3.1
2.6
2.9
2.7
3.0
4.9
5.0
5.5
5.1
4.3
4.8
5.3
3.4
4.4

36.7
35.2
36.8
37.5
36.0
35.5
34.8
35.5
34.2
36.0
34.5
38.2
38.6
36.2
36.6
35.6
37.8
39.8
38.6
39.6
41.5

36.8
36.0
37.1
37.4
37.6
35.9
34.9
35.9
34.0
34.8
35.0
37.8
38.2
35.9
37.2
36.9
38.2
39.8
38.8
40.3
40.5

37.1

1.5
.9
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.2
1.2
.9
1.3
1.3
1.9
2.0
1.3
1.5
1.5
1.3
2.8
1.3
3.5
4.8

1.5
1.0
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.3
.9
.9
1.1
1.6
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.6
1.6
1.2
2.7
1.7
2.9
4.5

1.7
.8
1.3
1.5
.7
1.1
1.4
1.3
1.2
2.0
1.4
2.1
2.2
1.5
1.4
1.5
1.8
3.4
2.0
3.5
5.3

1.7
1.0
1.3
1.4
1.1
1.1
1.5
1.3
1.3
1.6
1.7
1.6
1.7
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.8
3.0
1.9
3.7
4.2

43.3
45.6
45.9
44.1
41.5
42.1
42.4
42.3
43.1
42.3
44.3
42.5

43.1
45.4
45.6
44.1
41.6
42.2
41.9
42.1
42.4
42.4
43.1
41.4

43.4

4.8
6.3
6.5
6.9
3.4
3.0
3.5
4.2
4.4
4.4
4.8
4.3

4.8
6.4
6.6
6.9
3.5
3.3
3.5
4.3
4.2
4.3
4.5
4.1

5.1
6.8
7.0
7.0
3.5
3.2
3.6
4.4
4.8
4.1
5.4
4.9

4.9
6.5
6.7
7.2
3.4
3.1
3.4
4.2
4.3
4.1
4.7
4.0

Nov.
1986P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

$353.62
414.12
306.68
378.01
458.00
652.26
339.60
297.56

$360.82
454.96
303.62
382.35
469.09
682.80
344.18
295.19

$361.21
440.67
304.44
392.03
466.80
671.79
355.03
306.82

$352.23
397.96
306.94
389.38
469.62
670.32
357.90
305.63

Nov.
1986P

206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

$8.48
9.52
7.48
8.65
11.45
15.87
8.73
7.81

$8.53
9.68
7.46
8.67
11.64
16.18
8.78
7.83

$8.81
10.67
7.48
8.93
11.67
16.11
9.08
7.99

$8.57
9.73
7.45
8.89
11.77
16.27
9.13
7.98

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

11.31
15.18

11.97
14.99

12.21
15.78

12.13 $12.94 444.48
15.79
566.21

435.71
545.64

470.09
583.86

473.07
582.65

$494.31

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yam mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

6.76
7.10
7.18
7.13
6.51
6.16
6.11
5.89
6.04
5.80
6.76
7.16
7.16
7.59
7.02
6.37
6.37
6.27
7.59

6.79
7.11
7.24
7.27
6.47
6.19
6.14
5.93
6.05
5.76
6.82
7.22
7.24
7.66
7.02
6.38
6.38
6.34
7.61

7.05
7.45
7.51
7.43
6.67
6.42
6.32
6.08
6.46
5.86
6.99
7.34
7.46
7.78
7.46
6.58
6.60
6.57
8.01

7.03
7.42
7.54
7.43
6.56
6.40
6.20
6.08
6.45
5.91
7.00
7.32
7.39
7.74
7.42
6.60
6.60
6.68
8.00

7.06 276.48
291.10
293.66
294.47
264.96
239.62
231.57
225.59
233.14
218.66
274.46
302.15
310.03
311.95
302.56
264.36
268.81
242.65
327.89

279.75
295.07
299.01
297.34
262.68
242.65
241.30
225.34
231.72
221.76
282.35
310.46
317.11
320.95
299.05
267.96
272.43
245.36
333.32

295.40
322.59
314.67
312.80
272.14
253.59
243.95
234.69
249.36
237.92
299.17
318.56
326.00
331.43
328.99
279.65
288.42
250.97
344.43

293.15
322.03
315.93
312.06
269.62
252.80
244.28
238.94
245.75
238.17
295.40
315.49
319.99
328.18
313.87
279.18
286.44
256.51
344.00

297.23

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

5.74
6.57
5.28
5.06
5.26
5.32
5.56
5.20
5.79
6.47
5.31
5.31
5.15
6.13
5.09
4.91
5.53
6.90
5.39
5.87
10.86

5.75
6.61
5.31
5.10
5.29
5.34
5.59
5.16
5.83
6.53
5.37
5.24
5.08
6.02
5.09
4.93
5.56
6.93
5.49
5.88
11.00

5.87
6.78
5.40
5.16
5.26
5.52
5.64
5.14
5.97
6.41
5.39
5.43
5.27
6.23
5.18
4.99
5.63
7.13
5.60
6.02
11.13

5.82
6.66
5.38
5.16
5.27
5.46
5.63
5.15
6.06
6.391
5.35
5.36
5.21
6.14
5.15
4.99
5.61
6.99
5.63
5.96

212.75
238.62
199.66
189.72
196.79
199.72
196.77
178.54
198.80
225.29
194.39
195.98
192.02
214.31
191.38
182.41
207.94
273.74
212.46
232.85
449.90

215.43
238.66
198.72
193.50
189.36
195.96
196.27
182.47
204.17
230.76
185.96
207.43
203.42
225.53
189.59
177.64
212.81
283.77
216.16
238.39
461.90

214.18
239.76
199.60
192.98
198.15
196.01
196.49
184.89
206.04
222.37
187.25
202.61
199.02
220.43
191.58
184.13
214.30
278.20
218.44
240.19
434.97

216.29

10.74J

5.83 211.23
235.86
196.42
185.20
193.57
198.97
194.04
185.12
193.97
222.57
188.51
199.66
196.73
212.71
189.35
179.22
208.48
274.62
208.05
235.39
453.95

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

10.91
13.37
13.47
13.79
9.36
10.77
8.52
8.90
9.29
9.56
9.57
9.04

10.97
13.46
13.56
13.99
9.37
10.76
8.51
8.89
9.32
9.59
9.59
9.05

11.20
13.73
13.81
14.09
9.61
10.93
8.88
8.98
9.59
9.81
9.91
9.29

11.21
13.77
13.85
14.33
9.58
10.86
8.85
8.93
9.54
9.79
9.85
9.24

11.26 472.40
602.99
612.89
613.66
393.12
459.88
359.54
381.81
395.75
408.21
416.30
376.97

477.20
608.39
614.27
625.35
398.23
469.14
363.38
383.16
396.10
409.49
412.37
390.96

484.96
626.09
633.88
621.37
398.82
460.15
376.51
379.85
413.33
414.96
439.01
394.83

483.15
625.16
631.56
631.95
398.53
458.29
370.82
375.95
404.50
415.10
424.54
382.54

488.68

Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
See footnotes at end of table.




91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress ..
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

1972
SIC
Code

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752

276
278
279

Average weekly hours
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Average overtime hours
Nov.
1986P

38.1
33.7
38.6
39.3
37.9
41.4
36.3
40.0
39.4
40.1
40.6
37.9
38.5

38.4

2.9
1.8
3.6
3.0
1.9
4.6
2.5
3.4
2.9
3.5
3.5
2.5
3.6

3.0
1.9
3.3
2.9
2.2
3.8
2.4
3.5
2.9
3.6
4.3
2.5
3.4

3.3
1.8
3.9
3.6
2.3
5.6
2.4
4.0
3.5
4.2
3.5
2.8
4.0

3.2
1.9
3.7
3.3
2.3
5.0
2.1
3.9
3.3
4.1
3.1
2.2
3.7

41.6
41.5
41.8
42.0
42.6
42.1
40.6
40.3
40.2
43.5
38.2
40.5
41.0
43.1
43.5
43.0
42.5
41.9

42.0
41.7
41.7
42.5
43.8
42.0
41.3
41.0
40.8
44.1
38.5
41.2
40.7
43.8
43.8
43.8
42.5
42.5

42.0
42.1
42.8
42.0
42.7
41.2
42.1
41.9
40.6
43.4
38.5
41.6
41.9
43.4
43.2
43.4
41.6
42.0

41.7
42.2
42.8
41.8
42.8
41.0
41.5
41.2
40.4
43.2
38.7
40.6
41.5
43.2
42.7
43.4
41.7
41.7

42.8

3.4
3.4
3.3
3.6
4.3
3.1
2.9
2.8
2.9
4.5
2.3
2.3
3.1
4.0
4.4
3.9
4.0
3.5

3.4
3.2
3.0
3.7
4.8
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.6
4.5
1.8
2.0
2.8
4.4
5.0
4.2
4.1
3.7

3.8
3.7
3.8
3.7
4.6
2.9
3.3
3.4
3.6
5.6
2.8
3.2
3.7
4.9
5.4
4.8
3.9
3.9

3.7
3.7
3.7
3.8
4.7
2.9
2.9
3.0
3.1
4.8
2.3
2.5
3.3
4.9
4.6
5.0
4.7
3.7

43.4
44.0
42.7

44.1
43.6
46.7

46.6
47.3
45.6

46.8

5.0
4.4
7.9

4.4
4.2
6.1

4.6
3.6
8.5

5.1
4.5
7.7

41.6

3.6
4.1
1.0

3.7
4.2
1.2

4.1
6.1
2.5

3.9
5.1
2.6

3.6
3.2
3.7

3.5
3.3
3.8

3.9
3.6
4.0

3.9
3.5
3.8

1.7
3.5
1.2
1.0
1.1
2.6
2.2

1.9
3.4
1.6
1.1
2.0
2.7
2.4

1.7
2.7
1.6
1.2
1.8
1.3
2.0

1.8
2.8
1.5
1.3
1.7
1.2
3.0

29
295

44.3
44.2
46.5

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

30
301
302

41.1
42.3
38.7

41.3
41.6
39.2

41.6
43.3
39.5

41.4
43.4
39.7

303,4
306
307

42.4
41.4
40.9

42.7
41.8
41.1

42.6
41.5
41.4

42.0
41.3
41.1

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .

31
311
314

37.6
41.1
36.7
36.4
36.8
40.1
37.9

37.6
41.2
36.9
35.8
37.9
40.2
37.8

36.8
40.1
35.8
35.6
35.9
37.8
38.1

36.9
39.9
36.0
35.5
36.2
38.1
37.7

37.5

39.5

39.5

39.1

39.1

39.3

3144

316
317

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

4011

43.8

43.5

44.0

43.8

Local and interurban passenger transit ,
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

41
411
413

33.9
38.7
36.8

33.4
38.4
38.4

33.5
37.9
38.2

34.0
37.8
42.0

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals .
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

38.7
38.6
40.3

38.2
38.1
39.6

38.8
38.7
40.1

38.5
38.5
39.6

Pipe lines, except natural gas .

46

41.2

42.2

40.9

41.4

See footnotes at end of table.

92




Oct.
1986P

38.3
33.7
38.5
40.6
38.9
43.3
36.1
39.9
39.6
40.0
40.9
38.9
38.7

Petroleum and coal products ...
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials ,

3143

Sept.
1986

38.2
34.6
38.7
38.9
37.2
41.2
36.7
39.4
38.9
39.3
41.9
38.6
39.1

28
281

291

Nov.
1985

38.0
34.2
39.0
38.7
36.5
41.7
36.3
39.3
39.0
39.1
40.7
38.8
39.1

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2844
2842,3
285
286
2865
2861,9
287
289

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1986P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

$9.78
9.69
10.33
8.97
8.32
9.73
8.95
10.11
9.73
10.22
10.05
7.69
11.66

$9.83 $10.10 $10.08 $10.12 $371.64
331.40
10.09
10.05
9.81
402.87
10.74
10.83
10.34
347.14
9.38
9.27
8.87
303.68
8.84
8.72
8.27
10.15
10.03
9.62
405.74
8.83
9.05
324.89
9.13
10.36
10.17
397.32
10.42
9.76
379.47
9.98
10.01
10.50
10.58
399.60
10.29
10.33
10.42
409.04
10.22
298.37
7.77
7.88
7.90
455.91
12.27
12.29
11.55

$375.51
339.43
400.16
345.04
307.64
396.34
324.06
400.70
379.66
404.40
428.22
299.92
451.61

$386.83
338.69
416.96
376.36
339.21
434.30
329.59
415.76
396.40
423.20
426.18
307.31
475.62

$384.05 $388.61
340.03
414.56
368.63
335.04
420.21
328.52
414.40
393.21
421.05
419.40
298.65
472.40

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2844
2842,3
285
286
2865
.2861,9
287
289

11.70
13.01
13.09
11.83
12.88
11.47
10.94
10.61
10.36
13.30
8.72
9.71
10.08
14.09
13.80
14.19
11.24
10.78

11.80
13.13
13.14
11.85
12.89
11.47
10.98
10.70
10.57
13.65
8.86
9.73
10.17
14.25
13.85
14.38
11.34
10.83

12.03
13.22
13.35
12.13
13.23
11.71
11.17
10.96
10.69
13.91
8.98
10.13
10.50
14.48
14.33
14.53
11.77
11.24

12.08
13.24
13.39
12.24
13.35
11.86
11.24
11.04
10.77
13.98
9.04
10.11
10.51
14.50
14.44
14.52
11.73
11.24

12.13 486.72
539.92
547.16
496.86
548.69
482.89
444.16
427.58
416.47
578.55
333.10
393.26
413.28
607.28
600.30
610.17
477.70
451.68

495.60
547.52
547.94
503.63
564.58
481.74
453.47
438.70
431.26
601.97
341.11
400.88
413.92
624.15
606.63
629.84
481.95
460.28

505.26
556.56
571.38
509.46
564.92
482.45
470.26
459.22
434.01
603.69
345.73
421.41
439.95
628.43
619.06
630.60
489.63
472.08

503.74
558.73
573.09
511.63
571.38
486.26
466.46
454.85
435.11
603.94
349.85
410.47
436.17
626.40
616.59
630.17
489.14
468.71

519.16

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

13.99
15.20
10.86

14.07
15.22
10.74

14.20
15.41
11.10

14.29
15.37
11.16

14.33 619.76
671.84
504.99

610.64
669.68
458.60

626.22
671.88
518.37

665.91
727.00
508.90

670.64

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

30
301
302

8.54
13.35
5.89

8.63
13.49
5.96

8.76
13.62
5.97

8.75
13.71
5.93

8.81 350.99
564.71
227.94

356.42
561.18
233.63

364.42
589.75
235.82

362.25
595.01
235.42

366.50

303,4
306
307

8.42
8.41
7.93

8.41
8.46
8.03

8.75
8.56
8.15

8.94
8.49
8.13

357.01
348.17
324.34

359.11
353.63
330.03

372.75
355.24
337.41

375.48
350.64
334.14

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

5.77
7.44
5.48
5.83
5.23
6.39
5.59

5.83
7.37
5.57
5.90
5.32
6.52
5.64

5.93
7.66
5.64
6.00
5.35
6.19
5.77

5.91
7.67
5.60
6.01
5.30
6.27
5.79

5.95 216.95
305.78
201.12
212.21
192.46
256.24
211.86

219.21
303.64
205.53
211.22
201.63
262.10
213.19

218.22
307.17
201.91
213.60
192.07
233.98
219.84

218.08
306.03
201.60
213.36
191.86
238.89
218.28

223.13

11.48

11.59

11.70

11.69

11.76 453.46

457.81

457.47

457.08

462.17

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

4011

13.51

13.91

13.94

13.77

591.74

605.09

613.36

603.13

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

41
411
413

7.68
8.21
10.84

7.78
8.20
11.10

8.11
8.56
11.69

8.19
8.64
11.92

260.35
317.73
398.91

259.85
314.88
426.24

271.69
324.42
446.56

278.46
326.59
500.64

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

10.53
10.74
7.90

10.63
10.82
8.12

10.72
10.94
8.02

10.72
10.94
7.94

407.51
414.56
318.37

406.07
412.24
321.55

415.94
423.38
321.60

412.72
421.19
314.42

Pipe lines, except natural gas

46

15.13

15.34

15.14

15.06

623.36

647.35

619.23

623.48

See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

1972
SIC
Code

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

48
481
483

40.4
41.6
36.8

40.9
42.4
36.9

40.3
41.6
37.3

40.1
41.6
36.8

49
491
492
493
495

42.1
42.1
41.3
42.7
42.9

42.3
42.4
41.3
42.8
43.1

41.7
41.9
41.6
41.6
42.4

41.8
41.9
41.7
41.8
42.1

38.4

38.5

38.3

38.4

38.9
38.2
37.2
39.7
37.2
40.3
38.7
38.8
39.4
37.5

38.9
38.3
37.0
39.3
36.9
40.1
38.8
38.7
39.4
37.8

38.8
38.2
36.6
39.9
36.3
40.3
38.6
38.5
39.3
37.4

38.7
37.9
36.7
39.9
36.6
40.5
38.7
38.3
39.2
37.5

37.7
38.0
38.0
35.6
38.0
39.6
39.1
35.9
37.5

37.8
38.3
37.5
36.4
38.0
39.4
39.4
36.3
37.2

37.7
37.3
37.6
36.6
38.1
39.7
38.9
36.1
37.4

37.9
37.5
37.8
36.6
38.1
40.1
39.0
36.3
37.6

29.2

29.1

29.2

29.1

36.7
38.7
32.9

36.6
38.7
32.5

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

51
511
512
513

508

509

514
516
517
518

519

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

36.5
38.4
32.9

36.2
38.2
33.0

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

28.3
28.2
29.2
28.8

28.2
28.1
29.4
29.1

28.5
28.4
29.3
29.8

28.0
27.9
29.1
29.2

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

30.0
30.2
28.8

29.9
30.2
28.9

30.1
30.3
28.2

29.7
29.9
28.0

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

36.7
37.7
39.6
33.9

36.7
37.6
40.0
34.1

36.5
37.4
39.5
33.8

36.6
37.6
39.3
34.0

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

27.0
29.4
26.0
27.5
26.7

26.8
29.0
25.6
27.4
26.9

26.8
29.9
25.7
26.5
27.6

26.6
29.6
25.3
26.7
27.4

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

57
571
572
573

33.1
33.2
34.1
32.8

33.4
33.4
34.8
33.0

33.3
33.2
33.7
33.2

33.2
33.0
34.4
33.2

Eating and drinking places4

58

25.6

25.4

25.6

25.6

See footnotes at end of table.

94




Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1986P

38.6

29.1

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—-Continued

SIC
OUCJc

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

48
481
483
49
491
492
493
495

Wholesale trade

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

1972
Industry

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

$11.99 $12.05 $12.21 $12.23
12.73 12.84 12.93 12.99
10.56 10.52 11.00 10.93
13.01
13.11
12.02
15.17
9.41

13.15
13.23
12.18
15.38
9.49

13.52
13.56
12.67
15.86
9.86

13.53
13.60
12.71
15.78
9.91

9.16

9.23

9.37

9.36

Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

_
-

$484.40 $492.85 $492.06 $490.42
529.57 544.42 537.89 540.38
388.61 388.19 410.30 402.22

_
_
_
_
-

547.72
551.93
496.43
647.76
403.69

556.25
560.95
503.03
658.26
409.02

563.78
568.16
527.07
659.78
418.06

565.55
569.84
530.01
659.60
417.21

$9.43 351.74

355.36

358.87

359.42 $364.00

_
_
_
-

Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509

9.28
8.31
8.33
8.75
9.58
10.01
9.71
8.70
9.83
7.52

9.33
8.34
8.37
8.76
9.52
9.99
9.81
8.75
9.89
7.52

9.52
8.50
8.65
9.05
9.89
10.22
9.78
8.98
10.13
7.57

9.52
8.50
8.69
9.04
9.87
10.10
9.80
9.00
10.14
7.51

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

360.99
317.44
309.88
347.38
356.38
403.40
375.78
337.56
387.30
282.00

362.94
319.42
309.69
344.27
351.29
400.60
380.63
338.63
389.67
284.26

369.38
324.70
316.59
361.10
359.01
411.87
377.51
345.73
398.11
283.12

368.42
322.15
318.92
360.70
361.24
409.05
379.26
344.70
397.49
281.63

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

8.97
9.85
10.01
8.65
9.18
10.96
9.61
10.73
7.32

9.08
9.87
10.30
8.64
9.25
11.18
9.77
10.73
7.40

9.16
9.89
10.50
8.86
9.21
11.48
9.66
10.83
7.62

9.12
9.89
10.39
8.79
9.23
11.40
9.64
10.84
7.57

_
_
_
_
_
_
-

338.17
374.30
380.38
307.94
34B.84
434.02
375.75
385.21
274.50

343.22
378.02
386.25
314.50
351.50
440.49
384.94
389.50
275.28

345.33
368.90
394.80
324.28
350.90
455.76
375.77
390.96
284.99

345.65
370.88
392.74
321.71
351.66
457.14
375.96
393.49
284.63

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

5.95

5.97

6.05

6.04

6.05 173.74

173.73

176.66

175.76

176.06

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

6.69
7.00
5.69

6.72
7.01
5.73

6.90
7.21
5.80

6.91
7.21
5.77

_
_
-

244.19
268.80
187.20

243.26
267.78
189.09

253.23
279.03
190.82

252.91
279.03
187.53

_
_
-

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

6.04
6.29
4.57
4.87

€.05
6.30
4.56
4.84

6.40
6.68
4.75
4.89

6.46
6.77
4.70
4.89

_
-

170.93
177.38
133.44
140.26

170.61
177.03
134.06
140.84

182.40
189.71
139.18
145.72

180.88
188.88
136.77
142.79

_
-

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

7.26
7.47
5.45

.7.25
7.48
5.39

6.95*
7.12
5.53

6.91
7.08
5.50

_
-

217.80
225.59
156.96

216.78
225.90
155.77

209.20
215.74
155.95

205.23
211.69
154.00

_
_
-

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

7.42
9.03
6.39
5.33

7.41
8.99
6.45
5.36

7.87
9.87
6.50
5.42

7.67
9.41
6.53
5.46

_
_
-

272.31
340.43
253.04
180.69

271.95
338.02
258.00
182.78

287.26
369.14
256.75
183.20

280.72
353.82
256.63
185.64

_
_
-

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

5.27
6.24
5.04
5.11
5.33

5.30
6.37
5.01
5.20
5.32

5.38
6.23
5.13
5.38
5.33

5.36
6.26
5.11
5.29
5.27

_
_
-

142.29
183.46
131.04
140.53
142.31

142.04
184.73
128.26
142.48
143.11

144.18
186.28
131.84
142.57
147.11

142.58
185.30
129.28
141.24
144.40

_
_
_
-

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

57
571
572
573

7.15
7.22
7.49
6.88

7.22
7.24
7.54
7.05

7.32
7.35
7.44
7.23

7.33
7.35
7.39
7.28

_
_
-

236.67
239.70
255.41
225.66

241.15
241.82
262.39
232.65

243.76
244.02
250.73
240.04

243.36
242.55
254.22
241.70

_
_
_
-

Eating and drinking places4

58

4.34

4.36

4.35

4.36

-

111.10

110.74

111.36

111.62

-

See footnotes at end of table.




95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores .
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
594
596
598
599

5

Finance, insurance, and real estate .

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

30.4
28.3
28.8
33.9
38.1
31.7

30.3
28.5
28.5
33.9
38.6
31.7

30.3
28.3
28.8
32.8
38.1
31.9

30.1
28.2
28.3
32.6
38.6
32.1

36.3

36.2

36.4

36.5

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks .

60
602

36.1
36.1

36.0
36.0

36.0
36.0

36.5
36.5

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations ...
Personal credit institutions

61
614

37.0
36.2
37.4

37.0
36.2
37.2

37.4
36.3
37.3

37.4
36.2
37.5

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance .
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance ...

63
631
632
633

37.4
37.1
38.1
37.3

37.5
37.0
38.6
37.2

37.3
36.7
37.9
37.3

37.4
37.0
37.8
37.3

32.5

32.3

32.3

32.4

612

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts 4 .

701

30.5

30.1

30.7

30.9

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services .
Beauty shops4

721
723

34.4
29.8

34.2
30.1

34.0
29.6

34.5
29.9

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

73
731
734
737

33.5
36.5
28.4
38.3

33.4
36.3
28.2
38.3

33.4
36.5
28.5
37.8

33.3
36.5
28.5
37.7

Auto repair, services, and garages .
Automotive repair shops

75
753

37.3
38.4

37.1
38.3

37.6
38.6

37.4
38.7

Miscellaneous repair services .

76

38.8

38.6

38.0

38.1

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services .

78
781

29.5
38.6

27.6
34.8

28.0
36.2

28.4
35.9

Amusement and recreation services .

79

28.4

28.1

28.2

28.2

Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals

80
801
802
805

806

32.5
30.7
28.7
31.0
34.3

32.5
30.6
28.5
31.1
34.4

32.4
31.0
27.6
31.5
34.3

32.3
30.9
27.8
31.3
34.1

Legal services

81

34.7

34.6

34.3

34.5

Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services .
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

89
891
893

38.6
39.6
37.4

38.3
39.4
37.2

38.3
39.6
36.7

38.4
39.7
37.0

See footnotes at end of table.

96



Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Nov.
1986P

36.9

32.4

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores .
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1972
SIC
Code

i9
591
594
96
598
599

Finance, insurance, and real estate 5 .

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Average weekly earnings
Nov.
1986P

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

$180.27
154.80
159.84
217.64
321.18
198.44

$179.68
156.75
157.04
218.32
332.73
195.27

$186.65 $186.02
160.74 161.02
166.18 163.01
231.57 228.20
329.18 342.00
202.88 203.84

$5.93
5.47
5.55
6.42
8.43
6.26

$5.93
5.50
5.51
6.44
8.62
6.16

$6.16
5.68
5.77
7.06
8.64
6.36

$6.18
5.71
5.76
7.00
8.86
6.35

8.01

8.06

8.37

8.38

$8.48 290.76

291.77

304.67

305.87

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks.

60
602

6.92
6.76

6.96
6.81

7.24
7.03

7.23
7.01

249.81
244.04

250.56
245.16

260.64
253.08

263.90
255.87

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations ...
Personal credit institutions

61
612
614

7.33
6.84

7.34
6.86
7.04

7.69
7.20
7.33

7.72
7.30
7.27

271.21
247.61
261.05

271.58
248.33
261.89

287.61
261.36
273.41

288.73
264.26
272.63

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance .
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance...

63
631
632
633

8.69
8.17
8.82
9.03

8.74
8.27
8.88
9.07

9.19
8.77
9.05
9.48

9.23
8.78
9.16
9.54

325.01
303.11
336.04
336.82

327.75
305.99
342.77
337.40

342.79
321.86
343.00
353.60

345.20
324.86
346.25
355.84

7.99

8.05

8.19

8.21

259.68

260.02

264.54

266.33

Services .

8.3;

Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts 4 .

701

5.94

5.99

6.00

5.99

181.17

180.30

184.20

185.09

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services .
Beauty shops4

721
723

5.84
6.05

5.87
6.07

6.01
6.13

6.00
6.15

200.90
180.29

200.75
182.71

204.34
181.45

207.00
183.89

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

73
731
734
737

8.24
10.68
6.33
11.19

8.26
10.71
6.38
11.18

8.43
11.29
6.5;
11.73

8.4;
11.37
6.49
11.74

276.04
389.82
179.77
428.58

275.88
388.77
179.92
428.19

281.56
412.09
185.82
443.39

280.39
415.01
184.97
442.60

Auto repair, services, and garages .
Automotive repair shops

75
753

7.48
8.10

7.53
8.09

7.59
8.21

7.64
8.21

279.00
311.04

279.36
309.85

285.38
316.91

285.74
317.73

Miscellaneous repair services

76

8.74

8.78

8.86

8.8

339.11

338.91

336.68

337.95

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services .

78
781

12.51
16.78

13.19
18.03

12.48
16.66

12.84
16.93

369.05
647.71

364.04
627.44

349.44
603.09

364.66
607.79

Amusement and recreation services .

79

7.10

7.39

6.68

6.85

201.64

207.66

188.38

193.17

Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities .
Hospitals

80
801
802
805
806

8.13
7.90
7.98
5.66
9.11

8.17
7.98
8.03
5.68
9.16

8.40
8.28.31
5.80
9.48

8.41
8.2;
8.28
5.81
9.50

264.23
242.53
229.03
175.46
312.47

265.53
244.19
228.86
176.65
315.10

272.16
255.44
229.36
182.70
325.16

271.64
254.00
230.18
181.85
323.95

Legal services

81

10.55

10.67

11.17

11.27

366.09

369.18

383.13

388.82

Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services .
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

89
891
893

11.48
12.45
9.58

11.53
12.48
9.62

11.76
12.64
9.93

11.78
12.66
9.94

443.13
493.02
358.29

441.60
491.71
357.86

450.41
500.54
364.43

452.35
502.60
367.78

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in the aircraft industry (SIC
3721).
3
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
4
Money payments only; tips, not included.




Nov.
1986P

$312.91

269.57

5
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from all series in this
division.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision. Corrections in July and August 1986 data on average hourly and
weekly earnings are shown on page 5.

97

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft Manufacturing
For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' average
hourly earnings series for production workers in ^aircraft
manufacturing (sic 3721) has been used to escalate labor costs
in contracts between aircraft companies and their customers.
Although the Bureau's series by definition takes account of
traditional wage rate changes, it does not capture "lump-sum
payments to workers in lieu of general wage increases" which
were negotiated in aircraft manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
As a service to aircraft companies and other interested parties,
BLS has calculated an average hourly earnings series for sic 3721
which includes lump-sum payments. This series is presented in
table C-2a along with the average hourly earnings series produced as part of the Current Employment Statistics program. The
series begins in October 1983, the effective date of the first aircraft bargaining agreement using lump-sum payments.
The general practice in the industry has been to make this
payment at the beginning of the contract year "in lieu of a
wage increase" and to base the amount of the payment on the
workers' earnings during the preceding year. As a result, the
Bureau considered three approaches to the method for
calculating an average hourly earnings series which includes
lump-sum payments:
1. The entire payment could be included in the month in
which the payment was made.
2. The payments could be prorated backward to payroll
periods used to determine the amount of the lump-sum
payment.
3. The payments could be prorated forward as an advance

payment for payroll periods in the year following the
payment.
The first approach, attractive because it includes the payment in the month in which it is received by the worker, creates
1-month "spikes" and a series which would not be useful for
escalation purposes. The second approach, which prorates the
payments backward, places emphasis on the determination of
the amount of the payment from workers' earnings in the
previous year. This approach generally relates the payments to
the workers who receive them. However, the Bureau has
received statements from both union and company officials
who negotiated the agreements covering a majority of the
workers in the industry. These statements make clear that the
intent of the bargainers was to make an advance payment for
the upcoming contract year in lieu of an increase in wage rates
for that following year.
Because BLS has a longstanding policy of leaving the interpretation of collective bargaining agreements to the parties involved,
the Bureau calculated the inclusion of lump-sum payments using
the third method, prorating the payments forward through the
years covered by the contract. Because the payments prorated forward under this approach may include payments to workers no
longer on the payroll, data provided by the aircraft companies
have been used to adjust for this difference.
Lump-sum payments are but one of several recent changes
in the way that employees are compensated. The changes are
widespread and they differ by industry. Because of these
developments, the Bureau plans to conduct a broad-based
review of all concepts and definitions used in its earnings and
wage programs to determine the proper treatment of lumpsum payments and other new compensation practices.

C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing (SIC 3721)

Year

Annual
average

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

$12.76
13.04
13.35
p
13.50

$12.83
13.05
13.37

$12.93
13.13
13.48

$12.83
13.26
13.54
p
14.06

$12.92
13.28
13.57

$13.03
13.37
13.68

Average hourly earnings, excluding lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986

$12.91
13.18

$12.82
13.01
13.38

$12.88
13.12
13.44

$12.85
13.11
13.46

$12.81
13.04
13.46

$12.78
13.06
13.38

$12.87
13.11
13.42

$12.89
13.05
13.41

$12.87
13.16
13.43

$12.97
13.26
13.48

Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986
p

= preliminary.

98




$13.11
13.40

$12.95
13.26
13.58

$13.02
13.36
13.64

$13.02
13.33
13.66

$12.98
13.26
13.66

$12.97
13.27
13.58

$13.06
13.33
13.63

$13.11
13.29
13.61

$13.09
13.39
13.63

$13.19
13.48
13.68

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Nov.
1986"

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

$9.17

$9.23

$9.31

$9.32

$9.37

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment.
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ....
Miscellaneous manufacturing

9.73
7.97
7.05
9.30
11.11
9.31

9.78
7.97
7.09
9.38
11.23
9.36
10.05
9.26

9.85
8.01
7.23
9.51
11.26
9.46
10.15
9.36
12.27
9.24
7.35

9.89

10.01
9.24
12.12
8.96
7.07

9.85
8.03
7.24
9.51
11.33
9.44
10.15
9.38
12.22
9.21
7.35

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

8.37
8.10
11.06
6.46
5.62

8.43
8.20

8.58
8.26

$8.64

11.79
6.48
5.63

8.56
8.20
11.99
6.69
5.73

10.40
9.46
11.34
13.39
8.26
5.69

10.58
9.69
11.50
13.49
8.35
5.79

Industry

Manufacturing

12.13
8.97
7.12

10.34
9.41

11.24
13.25
8.19
5.64

1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.

Oct.
1986P

11.86
6.69
5.69
10.61
9.68
11.57
13.56
8.36
5.77

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are
subject to revision.

C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers'on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars.
Average hourly earnings
Industry

Average weekly earnings

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars .

$8.64
4.88

$8.66
4.87

$8.81
4.92

$8.81
4.92

$8.85

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars .

12.00
6.78

12.07
6.79

12.52
6.99

12.49
6.97

$12.50

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars .

12.42
7.02

12.28
6.91

12.54
7.00

12.62
7.05

$12.60

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars .

9.56
5.40

9.63
5.42

9.73
5.44

9.72
5.43

11.48
6.49

11.59
6.52

11.70
6.54

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars .

9.16
5.18

9.23
5.19

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars .

5.95
3.36

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars .

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

1

Nov.
1986P

O

Oct.
1985

Nov.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Nov.
1986P

$301.54 $301.37 $306.59 $306.59 $307.98
170.36 169.59 171.28 172.05
0
518.40
292.88

521.42
293.43

529.60
295.87

527.08
295.78

$525.00

475.69
268.75

450.68
253.62

482.79
269.72

479.56
269.11

$461.16

$9.78

390.05
220.37

393.87
221.65

398.93
222.87

396.58
222.55

$401.96

11.69
6.53

$11.76

453.46
256.19

457.81
257.63

457.47
255.57

457.08
256.50

$462.17

9.37
5.24

9.36
5.22

$9.43

351.74
198.72

355.36
199.98

358.87
200.49

359.42
201.69

$364.00

5.97
3.36

6.05
3.38

6.04
3.37

$6.05

173.74
98.16

173.73
97.77

176.66
98.69

175.76
98.63

$176.06

8.01
4.53

8.06
4.54

8.37
4.68

8.38
4.68

$8.48

290.76
164.27

291.77
164.19

304.67
170.21

305.87
171.64

$312.91

7.99
4.51

8.05
4.53

8.19
4.58

8.22
4.59

$8.32

259.68
146.71

260.02
146.33

264.54
147.79

266.33
149.46

$269.57

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and




Oct.
1986P

0
0

0

0

0

Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision. Corrected average weekly earnings (in constant dollars) in
wholesale trade for August 1986 are $201.36. Also see page 5.

99

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1985

1986

Industry
Nov.
Total private

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

Nov.1

34.8

34.9

35.0

34.9

34.9

34.8

34.8

34.7

34.7

34.8

34.7

34.7

34.9

40.7
3.4
41.3
3.6
39.9
39.4
41.8
41.9
41.9
41.5
41.6
40.9
42.7
43.6
41.0

40.9
3.6
41.6
3.7
40.2
39.9
41.8
42.1
41.9
41.6
41.7
41.1
43.0
44.0
41.6

40.8
3.5
41.5
3.6
40.4
40.0
42.7
41.9
41.7
41.5
41.6
41.0
42.8
43.6
41.1

40.7
3.4
41.4
3.5
40.0
39.7
41.9
42.1
41.8
41.5
41.6
40.9
42.7
43.4
41.2

40.7
3.4
41.4
3.6
40.2
39.4
41.9
41.9
41.7
41.4
41.6
41.0
42.7
43.3
41.3

40.7
3.4
41.3
3.6
40.3
39.1
42.4
41.3
40.5
41.2
41.8
41.1
42.1
41.9
41.3

40.7
3.4
41.2
3.4
40.3
39.4
42.3
41.7
41.5
41.1
41.8
41.0
41.9
41.8
40.9

40.6
3.3
41.2
3.5
39.9
39.4
42.2
41.6
41.1
41.1
41.7
41.0
42.2
42.4
41.0

40.6
3.4
41.1
3.5
40.1
39.4
42.2
41.3
41.2
41.1
41.4
41.1
42.1
42.4
40.8

40.8
3.5
41.4
3.5
40.2
39.9
42.5
41.9
41.5
41.2
41.7
41.2
42.6
42.8
41.0

40.8
3.5
41.4
3.6
40.1
40.0
42.5
42.0
41.6
41.5
41.7
41.2
42.6
42.7
40.7

40.7
3.5
41.3
3.6
40.3
39.8
42.2
42.3
42.3
41.2
41.6
41.0
42.0
42.1
41.0

40.9
3.5
41.5
3.6
40.6
40.0
42.0
42.5
42.4
41.5
41.7
41.0
42.4
42.6
41.2

39.8
3.2
40.0
(2)
40.8
36.8
43.3
37.9
41.9
43.2

40.0
3.4
40.1
(2)
41.0
36.8
43.5

39.7
3.2
39.8
2
()

39.9
3.3
40.2
(2)
41.3
36.9
43.0
38.0
41.9
43.6

39.8
3.2
40.0

39.9
3.3

(2)
40.8
36.5
43.1

39.9
3.4
39.8
(2)

40.2
3.5
40.0

(2)
41.1
36.5
43.2
38.0
42.0
43.4

37.8
41.9
44.0

39.8
3.4
40.0
(2)
40.9
36.6
43.2
37.9

40.0
3.4
40.3

40.6
36.3
43.5
38.0
41.8
43.7

39.8
3.2
39.9
(2)
40.7
36.5
43.5
38.0
41.9
43.8

39.9
3.4
40.2

43.6

39.9
3.3
40.1
2
()
40.8
36.7
43.6
38.0
41.9
43.5

Transportation and public utilities

39.4

39.5

39.4

39.5

39.6

39.2

39.2

Wholesale trade

38.4

38.4

38.5

38.4

38.5

38.5

Retail trade

29.3

29.2

29.3

29.3

29.3

29.2

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

38.1
42.0

2

2

41.9
43.5

38.0
42.1
44.3

39.7
(2)
41.6
36.7
43.0
38.0
42.0
43.4

39.1

39.2

39.1

38.9

39.1

39.3

38.4

38.3

38.3

38.4

38.2

38.4

38.5

29.2

29.1

29.2

29.2

29.2

29.2

29.3

(2)
41.4
36.5
43.5

41.5
36.6
43.0
38.0
42.0
46.5

(2)
41.7
36.8
43.2
38.1
42.7
46.7

Finance, insurance, and real estate

(2)

()

(2)

(2)

(2)

()

(2)

()

()

()

()

()

(2)

Services

32.4

32.5

32.6

32.6

32.5

32.5

32.5

32.4

32.4

32.4

32.3

32.4

32.5

1

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular

100




2

2

2

2

2

components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervlsory workers 1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major Industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1977 = 100)
1985

1986

Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

116.4

116.8

117.8

117.5

117.4

117.8

117.7

117.3

117.9

118.4

118.4

118.7

119.5

98.9

99.3

100.6

98.8

98.5

99.4

98.8

98.0

98.1

98.9

98.7

98.6

99.1

Mining

103.4

102.8

104.5

99.3

95.0

90.2

85.3

83.4

83.7

83.0

81.2

82.3

81.6

Construction

126.2

126.4

134.1

126.3

126.6

133.7

132.6

130.3

132.2

134.0

134.2

132.8

132.3

93.3

94.0

93.9

93.5

93.3

93.2

92.9

92.4

92.2

92.9

92.7

92.7

93.5

92.2
96.7
104.2
86.3
66.9
55.6
91.1
90.4
104.2
98.1
91.0

92.7
97.8
105.5
86.5
67.6
56.3
91.2
90.3
104.4
99.0
92.8
106.3
81.3

92.6
99.1
105.7
89.1
66.7
53.4
91.0
90.2
103.8
98.2
92.1
105.3
82.4

92.1
98.1
104.9
87.4
66.8
55.1
90.6
89.6

91.5
99.3
103.6
89.2
64.7
51.8
90.1
89.4

90.9
103.5

61.8
48.4
89.4
85.8
102.9

49.7
88.6
85.4
102.6

106.1
81.8

106.1
81.6

104.5
81.2

90.7
99.9
107.1
88.1
61.9
49.0
88.5
87.5
103.2
95.9
84.8
104.5
80.1

90.2
101.6
107.1
87.3
62.2

105.8
82.4

89.9
98.7
105.2
87.9
61.8
51.7
88.1
87.0
102.7
93.9
82.5
103.5
80.1

90.5
100.5
107.6

103.0
95.6
85.3

91.0
99.3
104.9
88.8
64.8
52.6
89.4
88.9
102.8
94.2
83.4

90.3
98.5

103.2
97.9
89.4

91.7
98.6
104.4
87.4
65.6
53.6
90.2
89.3
102.9
97.1
88.4

95.9
84.4
103.5
79.9

94.9
82.6
104.5
80.1

95.8
98.2
84.5
77.7
87.2
101.8
126.3
93.9

95.9
98.2

95.5

95.7
98.4
85.4
77.8
85.4
102.0

95.8

95.7

95.7

96.1

96.0

99.1
81.6
78.4
86.6

99.5

99.8

98.9
76.6

101.2

96.4
99.2
77.3
79.8
85.6
102.0
129.7

80.8
111.7

101.5
128.7
93.2
79.1
110.5

100.1
72.2
79.6
85.0
101.6
128.6
94.0
81.3
112.6

Total private ....
Goods-producing

Manufacturing .
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities.
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

104.5
80.4
95.1
97.0
78.3
77.2

86.7
101.4

125.0
93.7
80.9
110.7

80.8
111.6

85.2
77.6
87.3

102.3
126.4
93.4
80.6

98.2
82.8
77.3
85.5
102.0
127.0
93.3

112.4

81.0
112.1

93.4
80.4

127.8
93.2
80.1

112.7

111.8

92.9
79.7
111.8

127.4

100.6
94.9
84.5
104.5
81.7
95.6
99.9
79.5
77.9
84.8

101.7
127.6
93.2

81.5
78.5
85.3

88.3

79.6
85.6
128.9
93.4
78.9

107.6

86.5
62.9
53.2
89.2
85.8
103.2
96.5
84.6

104.2
81.9
97.4

100.3
76.7
80.8
86.1
102.9

130.0

113.4

93.4
85.4
113.7

115.5

95.2
85.7

63.3

63.3

62.6

61.3

60.9

58.5

57.5

56.8

56.4

56.9

56.6

56.9

57.5

126.0

126.5

127.3

127.8

127.8

127.9

128.2

128.0

128.9

129.2

129.2

129.8

130.8

107.7

108.1

107.9

108.0

108.2

106.8

106.8

104.3

106.7

105.7

107.3

108.0

109.2

118.9

119.1

119.9

119.8

120.1

120.6

120.2

119.0

119.8

120.2

119.3

119.9

120.3

116.8

116.5

117.8

118.3

118.4

118.1

118.5

118.4

119.1

119.3

119.6

120.0

120.3

131.9

133.5

133.3

135.4

135.6

135.4

135.8

137.6

137.8

139.1

138.7

139.3

141.8

141.4

142.3

143.2

143.7

143.5

144.2

144.8

145.2

145.9

146.4

146.0

146.8

148.1

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.




101.0

82.1
78.4
85.2
101.7
127.8

104.9
88.2
62.7
51.6
88.9
88.3

Nov.1

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are
subject to revision. August data for service-producing and July and August
data for wholesale trade have been corrected.

101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-7. The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers 1
on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1985

1986

Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.p

169.6

170.0

Nov.p

Hourly Earnings lndex2(1977=100)
Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Services
Total private (in constant dollars)4

166.8

167.7

167.3

168.2

168.5

168.4

168.7

169.2

168.9

169.3

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

3

150.3
170.2
168.5
(3)

156.6

151.2
171.0
169.1

ft

149.7
170.7
168.6

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

151.4
172.5
170.7

ft

150.8
172.7
170.3

ft

()
151.3
172.9
170.1

ft

95.2

ft

ft

173.1

93.9

94.0

93.5

94.4

95.1

95.4

95.4

$8.65

$8.70

$8.68

$8.71

$8.73

$8.72

$8.73

$8.74

$8.73

$8.77

$8.77

$8.80

$8.84

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

ft

158.5
174.3

159.1
(3)
174.4

159.1
(3)
175.3

95.1

95.1

95.0

95.1

ft
154.0
173.2
171.3
(3)
159.1

174.0

0

157.7
(3)
173.4

ft

152.6
173.1
170.9

173.1

ft

157.8
(3)
174.3

ft

151.2
172.8
170.8

171.7

ft

157.3

151.0
172.5
170.1

171.6

ft

157.4

150.6
172.0
169.3

()
170.9

157.5

157.3

149.2
171.8
170.2

157.2
(3)
173.4

3

157.0

149.7
171.3
169.6

170.7

ft

ft

176.8

Average hourly earnings
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Services

$12.34 $12.40 $12.25 $12.29 $12.23 $12.34 $12.38 $12.43 $12.40 $12.43 $12.43 $12.53 $12.66
9.65
9.68
9.70
9.68
9.68
9.72
9.63
9.71
9.73
9.76
9.74
9.77
9.78
11.56
11.62
11.65
11.58
11.56
11.62
11.52
11.63
11.62
11.62
11.64
11.68
11.69
9.22
9.34
9.36
9.27
9.30
9.29
9.24
9.35
9.31
9.37
9.35
9.40
9.44
5.99
5.99
6.01
5.99
6.02
5.99
5.97
6.00
6.00
6.03
6.05
6.05
6.05
8.10
8.21
8.27
8.28
8.14
8.31
8.08
8.40
8.33
8.41
8.37
8.41
8.50
8.05
8.11
8.16
8.11
8.05
8.12
8.02
8.17
8.12
8.16
8.17
8.21
8.29
Average weekly earnings

Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1977) dollars 4 .

301.02 303.63 303.80 303.98 304.68 303.46 303.80 303.28 302.93 305.20 304.32 305.36 308.52
169.49 170.20 169.72 170.58 171.94 171.93 171.83 170.67 170.57 171.46 170.49 171.55
ft

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Excludes the effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to
underlying wage rate movements: Fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing
and interindustry employment shifts.
3
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular
components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

102




4
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series.
5
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to
revision. August data for average hourly earnings in wholesale trade have
been corrected.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Average hourly earnings

Oct.

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986*

41.2
40.6
41.9

41.8
41.0

41.4
40.9

$8.59
8.79
10.20

$8.65
8.47

$8.64
8.63

$353.91
356.87
427.38

$361.57
347.27

$357.70
352.97

Alaska.

38.9

35.1

40.1

14.62

$12.00

$12.71

568.72

$421.20

$509.67

Arizona ...
Phoenix
Tucson..

40.8

41.0
(*)
(*)

41.1
(*)
(*)

9.55

9.99

9.94

409.59

408.53

(*)

389.64
(*)
(*)

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock .
Pine Bluff

40.9
41.7
40.6
40.9
43.4

41.6
40.9
40.4
41.8

40.6
41.2
40.3
41.3

7.62
6.96
8.10
8.10
9.78

111
6.95
7.99
8.47

7.82
7.06
8.08
8.37
0)

311.66
290.23
328.86
331.29
424.45

323.23
284.26
322.80
354.05

317.49
290.87
325.62
345.68
(1)

California .

40.4

40.3

40.1

10.18

$10.44

$10.31

411.27

$420.73

$413.43

Colorado .
Denver...

40.1
40.2

40.2

39.9

9.58
10.31

9.57

9.55

384.16
414.46

384.71

381.05

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury

41.7
41.1
41.6
42.0
40.8
42.2
42.7

41.6
41.1
41.9
0)
41.2
0)
42.1

41.8
41.0
41.7

$10.06
10.34
10.37
(1)
$9.79
0)
$8.69

$10.08
10.31
10.40
(1)
$9.78
(1)
$8.66

402.41
411.41
416.00
420.42
370.06
415.67
355.26

$418.50
424.97
434.50
$403.35

$421.34
422.71
433.68
(1)
$403.91

42.9

9.65
10.01
10.00
10.01
9.07
9.85
8.32

$365.85

$371.51

Delaware
Wilmington .

41.4
41.7

41.0
41.2

41.0
41.8

11.23

9.92
12.02

10.27
12.24

400.75
468.29

406.72
495.22

421.07
511.63

District of Columbia:
Washington MSA

38.1

39.4

39.1

10.74

10.47

10.69

409.19

412.52

417.98

Florida
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ..
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach .

41.6
41.1
40.6
41.4
40.5
40.9
41.0
40.7
42.9

40.7

40.7

7.82
7.86
8.03
7.70
6.79
8.36
9.65
7.53
7.88

8.09
0)
$8.59
(1)
$7.01
8.37
(1)
$7.53

8.05
(1)
$8.52
(1)
$6.96
8.45
(1)
$7.50
(1)

325.31
323.05
326.02
318.78
275.00
341.92
395.65
306.47
338.05

Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah .

41.1
40.6
44.6

41.5
0)

41.1

8.08
9.50
10.15

$8.26

$8.26

332.09
385.70
452.69

$342.79

Honolulu .

37.4
37.1

39.4
38.8

40.2
39.9

8.79
8.94

$9.12
9.27

$9.16
9.26

328.75
331.67

$359.33
359.68

$368.23
369.47

Idaho

38.2

39.6

38.1

9.44

360.61

378.97

383.29

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline.
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

40.9
39.7
38.4
40.0
41.6
40.2
41.4
41.1
39.3
41.0
42.2
40.9
41.6

41.2
(1)
40.0
40.2
41.9
40.2
39.9

41.0

10.48
10.02
10.53
9.33
10.24
12.37
13.74
11.54
9.91
10.35
12.71
10.93
11.30

10.67
(1)
$10.78
9.21
10.43
12.03
13.74

10.68
(1)
$10.71
9.28
10.40
11.88
13.73

428.63
397.79
404.35
373.20
425.98
497.27
568.84
474.29
389.46
424.35
536.36
447.04
470.08

439.60
(1)
$431.20
370.24
437.02
483.61
548.23

437.88
(1)
$416.62
377.70
433.68
459.76
554.69

Birmingham .
Mobile

O
«•)

0

0
42.0

0)
37.9
42.4
(1)
40.5

40.7
43.0
42.8

41.3

40.9
38.7
41.6
40.2

(1)

38.9
40.7
41.7
38.7
40.4

0
41.5
41.8
43.3

(*)

(*)

0

$12.93
11.15
11.77

$12.85
11.02
11.95

0

(*)

0)

329.26

327.64

$360.78

$348.47
(1)
$269.35
351.52
(1)
$301.50

0
$265.68
354.89
$304.97

$339.49

V)
$526.25
479.45
503.76

$533.28
460.64
517.44

See footnotes at end of table.




103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Average hourly earnings

Oct.

Average weekly earnings

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986*

Oct.
1985

Sept.

Oct.
1986P

$10.69
13.85
11.03

$10.77

$10.75

$438.29
576.16
452.23

$450.19

$445.05
(1)

$10.05
11.41
11.51
(1)
$8.52

419.21
453.38
456.20
487.63
307.31

$415.75
458.61
478.88
(1)

(1)

$368.46

$357.84

9.87
10.80
10.59

376.49
459.26
385.57

399.91
455.94
420.03

397.76
451.44
428.90

9.86

393.23

41.0
41.6
41.0

41.8

41.4

0
0)

(1)

Iowa
Cedar Rapids.
Des Moines....
Dubuque
Sioux City

40.7
40.3
40.3
41.5
37.8

40.8
40.3
41.0
(1)
42.4

40.7
40.2
40.5
(1)
42.0

10.30
11.25
11.32
11.75
8.13

$10.19
11.38
11.68

Kansas ...
Topeka .
Wichita..

39.3
41.3
38.1

40.6
41.6
39.7

40.3
41.8
40.5

9.58
11.12
10.12

9.85
10.96
10.58

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette..
Louisville

39.3
39.1
41.0

39.6
(1)
41.1

39.5
40.9

9.59
10.14
10.82

9.93
(1)
$11.03

$11.08

376.89
396.47
443.62

$453.33

389.47
(1)
$453.17

Louisiana
Baton Rouge .
New Orleans..
Shreveport

42.0
43.9
41.6
39.2

42.4
42.9
40.0
41.0

42.0
42.4
39.9
38.9

10.50
12.47
10.56
10.59

10.52
12.37
10.69
10.89

10.46
12.14
10.40
10.93

441.00
547.43
439.30
415.13

446.05
530.67
427.60
446.49

439.32
514.74
414.96
425.18

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn .
Portland

39.6
38.2
38.1

41.2

8.42
6.77
8.96

8.70
(1)
$9.16

8.75
(1)
$9.13

333.43
258.61
341.38

358.44

0)

38.7

40.6
(1)
38.3

$354.49

355.25
(1)
$349.68

Maryland
Baltimore MSA .

40.3
41.1

40.5

40.7

9.70
10.27

9.88

9.86

390.91
422.10

400.14

401.30

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Lawrence-Haverhill.
Lowell
New Bedford
Springfield
Worcester

41.2
40.8
39.5
38.0
40.0
42.0
38.9
42.4
41.8

41.4
40.6

9.02
9.76
7.11
6.80
8.84
8.51
7.98
8.88
9.14

$9.40
10.30

$389.16
418.18
(1)
0)

$373.63
416.93

$8.98
9.40

$8.98

371.62
398.21
280.85
258.40
353.60
357.42
310.42
376.51
382.05

$383.45
380.70

$382.55
377.70

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .

43.5
44.3
42.3
44.5
44.3
41.2
41.8
44.4
43.2
40.4
43.9

42.6
44.7
(1)
43.5
44.1
40.9
(1)
43.5
45.0
(1)
42.6

42.3
44.6
(1)
43.0
43.2
41.2

12.81
13.99

12.76
13.94

$13.82
14.46
10.78
0)
$11.89
14.21

$13.89
14.42
10.68

43.9
42.7
0)
43.1

12.64
13.16
12.84
13.58
14.24
10.70
10.01
11.98
14.52
11.27
13.97

$14.31

$13.84

549.84
582.99
543.13
604.31
630.83
440.84
418.42
531.91
627.26
455.31
613.28

545.71
625.35
(1)
$601.17
637.69
440.90
(1)
$517.21
639.45
(1)
$609.61

539.75
621.72
(1)
$597.27
622.94
440.02
(1)
$521.97
602.07
(1)
$596.50

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
St. Cloud

40.4
38.0
40.7
40.0

40.9
36.8
41.2
39.3

40.7
*36.6
40.5
39.8

10.09
10.74
10.91
9.57

10.21
11.18
11.06
9.31

10.26
11.21
11.04
9.23

407.64
408.12
444.04
382.80

417.59
411.42
455.67
365.88

417.58
410.29
447.12
367.35

Mississippi.
Jackson ....

40.6
41.8

40.9
40.3

40.4
39.7

7.25
8.24

7.55
8.23

7.48
8.32

294.35
344.43

308.80
331.67

302.19
330.30

Missouri
Kansas City..
St. Joseph...,
St. Louis
Springfield ...

40.4
40.1
39.4
40.6
38.3

41.6
41.1

41.0
41.2

9.88
11.39

9.76
11.20

0)

0)

41.4
43.1

40.4
41.1

9.66
10.93
9.06
11.12
9.13

$11.26
9.03

$11.10
8.76

390.26
438.29
356.96
451.47
349.68

411.01
468.13
(1)
$466.16
389.19

400.16
461.44
(1)
$448.44
360.04

Montana .

38.9

38.8

40.1

10.93

10.54

10.36

425.18

408.95

415.44

Gary-Hammond .
Indianapolis

See footnotes at end of table.

104




O

0)

0

0
40.7
40.4
()
(
O
0)
42.7
40.5

0
O
V)

42.6
39.8

O

O

0

9

$9.18
10.32

V)
0)1

$11.89
14.10

O
1

0

1

0
$409.04
458.68
466.16

0)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls In States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

$9.28
9.89
9.90

$365.31
383.96
386.51

$382.44
415.17
400.00

$377.70
404.50
394.02

9.44
11.42

9.75
12.23

364.97
425.80

385.15
453.37

388.05
473.30

8.49
8.40
10.14

8.79
(1)
$10.33

8.84
(1)
$10.64

347.24
332.64
415.74

366.54
(1)
$418.37

363.32
(1)
$428.79

9.94
8.76
9.34
10.04
8.77
10.64
9.81
10.59

10.23
(1)

10.21
(1)

0)
(1)
01
(1)
()
(1)

419.43
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

417.59

V)
(11)
(1)
()
01
()

407.54
326.75
380.14
406.62
352.55
452.20
399.27
433.13

40.7
(1)

8.37
8.49

$8.75
(1)

$8.54
(1)

332.29
340.45

$349.13
(1)

$347.58
(1)

40.0
40.2
40.9
41.7
(1)

$9.89
10.29
9.06
11.67
1
()
(1)
(1)
$10.15
9.11
8.98
12.76

$11.94
9.26
11.32
9.29
10.13

$9.83
10.35
8.79
11.77
1
()
(1)
(1)
$10.09
9.31
9.17
12.58
1
()
(1)
$11.84
9.76
11.33
9.35
10.28

390.17
401.23
349.00
509.92
364.17
378.95
542.69
390.46
335.29
322.65
544.42
289.25
369.73
496.36
390.82
444.44
350.88
426.62

$397.58
418.80
372.37
499.48
(1)
(1)
(1)
$414.12
341.63
333.16
534.64
(1)
(1)
$500.29
381.51
476.57
389.25
397.10

$393.20
416.07
359.51
490.81
(1)

42.1
39.4
41.4
42.1
39.2

9.73
9.81
8.66
12.17
9.15
9.45
12.86
9.57
8.87
8.65
12.72
7.36
8.72
11.79
9.11
10.92
8.60
10.56

41.1
(1)
42.2
40.4
41.1

41.0
(1)
41.9
40.3
41.0

7.36
7.38
7.49
8.15
8.35

7.61
(1)
$7.82
8.49
8.56

7.58
(1)
$7.77
8.44
8.55

298.82
309.22
304.09
324.37
339.85

312.77
(1)
$330.00
343.00
351.82

310.78
(1)
$325.56
340.13
350.55

38.8
38.2

38.9

38.9
(1)

8.08
8.38

8.24
(1)

8.21

313.50
320.12

320.54

0)

319.37
(1)

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren..

42.2
42.1
40.1
41.7
41.6
41.0
42.6
43.0
44.4

42.3
43.3
(1)
42.3
42.4
41.3
42.9
42.7
(1)

41.9
43.1
(1)
42.4
42.2
40.8
41.9
42.9

$11.52
11.32
(1)
$10.80
11.44
11.28
12.04
12.28
(1)

$11.55
11.35
(1)
$10.82
11.39
11.28
11.97
12.52
(1)

482.35
463.94
442.30
442.02
467.58
445.26
509.50
537.93
589.63

$487.30
490.16
(1)
$456.84
485.06
465.86
516.52
524.36

0

11.43
11.02
11.03
10.60
11.24
10.86
11.96
12.51
13.28

0)

$483.95
489.19
(1)
$458.77
480.66
460.22
501.54
537.11
(1)

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

41.4
40.5
39.3

41.4
40.4
40.0

41.5
40.6
40.0

9.81
10.62
10.19

$9.69
10.94
10.32

$9.60
11.00
10.25

406.13
430.11
400.47

$401.17
441.98
412.80

$398.40
446.60
410.00

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield ...
Portland
Salem

39.4
40.4
38.9
38.6

38.8
38.8
39.5
36.2

39.0
39.6
39.5
37.2

10.34
10.78
10.52
7.89

10.40
10.35
10.88
8.13

10.41
10.12
10.91
8.32

407.40
435.51
409.23
304.55

403.52
401.58
429.76
294.31

405.99
400.75
430.95
309.50

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

40.5
39.1
40.6

41.3
41.6
40.9

40.7
40.9
39.8

$9.02
9.82
9.52

$9.26
9.98
9.78

Nevada
Las Vegas.

39.8
39.1

40.8
39.7

39.8
38.7

9.17
10.89

New Hampshire.
Manchester

40.9
39.6
41.0

41.7
(1)
40.5

41.1

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
,
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Newark
Trenton

41.0
37.3
40.7
40.5
40.2
42.5
40.7
40.9

41.0

40.9
(1)
(1)
(1)

New Mexico ..,
Albuquerque.

39.7
40.1

39.9

O

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy...
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Monroe County
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

40.1
40.9
40.3
41.9
39.8
40.1
42.2
40.8
37.8
37.3
42.8
39.3
42.4
42.1
42.9
40.7
40.8
40.4

40.2
40.7
41.1
42.8
(1)
40.8
37.5
37.1
41.9
(1)
(1)
41.9
41.2
42.1
41.9
39.2

41.2
37.1
36.8
41.3
(1)

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point .
Raleigh-Durham

40.6
41.9
40.6
39.8
40.7

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead .

Lincoln .
Omaha.

Oct.
1985

01
(1)
()
O
(11)
(1)
()

0)
0)

0)

0)

40.3

O
01
()
(1)

01
()

0

0)
(1)

Oct.
1986*

0)

0
0)
0)
(11)
()
O
(1)

0)
0)

$415.71
345.40
337.46
519.55
(1)
(1)
$498.46
384.54
469.06
393.64
402.98

See footnotes at end of table.




105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Oct.
1985

Sept
1986

Average hourly earnings

Oct.

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Delaware Valley
Erie
Hanisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle .
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Williamsport
York

40.0
39.0
38.9
38.3
40.4
42.2
39.6
38.5
40.1
40.4
41.0
40.1
38.0
40.4
41.1

40.6
39.4

40.3
38.9

0

0)

41.5
40.3
0)
40.3
(1)
40.8
40.3
40.6
41.1
38.2

39.6
40.0
(1)
40.0
(1)
40.8
40.1
40.3
40.7
37.4

41.0

41.0

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence

40.4
40.8
40.6

40.6

40.5

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Qreenville-Spartanburg .

40.9
45.1
40.6
41.6

41.2
(1)
40.5
41.6

South Dakota.
Sioux Falls ....

39.9
39.0

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol.
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

(1)

(1)

Oct.
1985
$9.58
10.22
8.31
11.37
9.99
10.20
9.08
8.30
9.26
10.00
10.94
9.74
8.11
8.56
8.89

Sept.
1986

Average weekly earnings

Oct.
1986"

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

$396.66
405.82
(1)
$494.68
412.27

$392.52
397.95

$379.63
(1)
$393.72
411.46
442.95
412.23
326.61
(1)
$379.25

$373.20

323.60

$9.77
10.30
(1)
$11.92
10.23
(1)
$9.42
(1)
$9.65
10.21
10.91
10.03
8.55

$9.74
10.23
0)
$11.41
10.22
(1)
$9.33
(1)
$9.62
10.21
10.91
10.00
8.61

$9.25

$9.22

$383.20
398.58
323.26
435.47
403.60
430.44
359.57
319.55
371.33
404.00
448.54
390.57
308.18
345.82
365.38

7.97

0

V)

0)

V)
$451.84
408.80

$392.50
409.42
439.67
407.00
322.01

0)
$378.02

7.64
7.22
7.59

7.99
(1)
0)

308.66
294.58
308.15

323.58

O
1

41.2
(1)
40.2
41.6

7.62
9.39
7.61
7.42

$7.95
(1)
$7.84
7.81

$7.96
(1)
$7.80
7.84

311.66
423.49
308.97
308.67

$327.54
(1)
$317.52
324.90

$327.95

43.1
47.4

44.2
48.9

7.38
7.12

7.72
8.02

7.88
8.19

294.46
277.68

332.73
380.15

348.30
400.49

41.0
42.2
43.2
40.6
42.6
40.0

41.1
41.0

8.35
7.33
9.03
8.97
8.79
9.20

8.61
7.66
0)
$9.15
8.69
9.54

8.63
7.53
(1)
$9.00
8.71
9.67

342.35
309.33
390.10
364.18
374.45
368.00

353.87
314.06

354.69
318.52

40.3
42.0
40.5

41.1
42.3
(1)
39.2
42.3
41.1

$368.75
364.98
386.37

$352.80
368.43
397.44

Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington .
Houston
San Antonio

41.2
41.8
41.5
42.7
40.9

41.7
42.4
41.7
43.2
40.3

40.9
41.2
41.4
42.5
40.1

9.41
9.22
9.47
11.01
7.29

9.55
9.43
9.67
11.26
7.37

9.57
9.43
9.75
11.21
7.41

387.69
385.40
393.01
470.13
298.16

398.24
399.83
403.24
486.43
297.01

391.41
388.52
403.65
476.43
297.14

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden.

41.0
39.7

41.1
41.1

40.3
40.3

9.47
9.33

9.55
9.64

9.57
9.62

388.27
370.40

392.51
396.20

385.67
387.69

Vermont
Burlington ..
Springfield .

41.1
42.5
40.5

41.5
43.3

40.0
44.2

8.48
9.20
8.51

8.98
10.06

8.87
9.66

348.53
391.00
344.66

372.67
435.60

354.80
426.97

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg .
Roanoke

40.5
38.0
40.2
40.6
40.4
41.4
40.4
41.7

40.7
40.8

40.3
38.1
(1)

$8.94
7.33

$8.92
7.53

$359.48
286.89
(1)

40.0
40.9
40.7
41.1

347.90
285.00
288.23
326.83
330.88
374.67
435.51
316.50

$363.86
299.06

40.6
42.1
40.6
40.8

8.59
7.50
7.17
8.05
8.19
9.05
10.78
7.59

wasningion .

(*)

(*)

See footnotes at end of table.

106




0

V)

0

V)
$8.41
9.46
11.44
8.32
(*)

(1)

$8.30
9.64
11.45
8.16
(*)

(*)

0)
0
0)
$313.56
326.14

0

$341.45
398.27
464.46
339.46
(*)

0
$332.00
394.28
466.02
335.38
(*)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland...
Parkersburg-Marietta.
Wheeling

39.6
41.1
37.9
41.5
41.8

39.9
42.0
38.5
42.2

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

41.1
43.2
42.0
42.8
43.0
39.3
39.5
40.7
40.8
40.1
39.8
41.6

41.5
42.4
40.8
42.0
41.5

Wyoming

40.2

36.8

38.6

Puerto Rico

36.9

38.7

38.9

Virgin Islands

41.2

41.9

1




0)
41.3
42.0
40.3
42.4
41.9

(1)

(1)

39.5
41.4
41.0
40.6

39.5
41.6
41.1
39.5

0

Sept.

$10.20
12.65
11.38
11.86
11.74

$10.36
12.78
11.79
12.40

10.27
10.10
10.26
11.04
12.33
11.97
8.95
9.65
11.50
10.61
9.34
9.78

Publication of data has been suspended because of budget cuts.
Not available.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this
2

40.0
41.3
39.9
42.2

Average hourly earnings
Oct.
1985

41.7

9.43
5.19
9.41

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986?

$10.33
13.28
11.70
12.36

$403.92
519.92
431.30
492.19
490.73

$413.36
536.76
453.92
523.28

$413.20
548.46
466.83
521.59

$10.28
10.38
10.53
10.95
12.24
(1)
$9.08
9.69
11.65
10.80
(1)

$10.28
10.30
10.45
11.09
11.29

422.10
436.32
430.92
472.51
530.19
470.42
353.53
392.76
469.20
425.46
371.73
406.85

$426.62
440.11
429.62
459.90
507.96

$424.56
432.60
421.14
470.22
473.05

$9.80

$9.57

379.09

5.29

5.29

191.51

9.24

387.69

Oct.
1986?

O

0
$9.04
9.79
11.59
10.80

0

9.29

(1)

O

$358.66
401.17
477.65
438.48
(1)

$357.08
407.26
476.35
426.60

0)
$360.64

$369.40

204.72

205.78

389.25

385.31

publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1985
benchmarks except Michigan. Data for Michigan have been adjusted to December
1984 benchmarks.

107

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers In nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Industry

Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government




Sept. 1986
to
Oct. 1986r

Oct. 1986
to
Nov. 1986P

0.3

0.7

-.9
-.7
.6
.5
.8
.9
.6
.6

8.1
5.0

.3
-.6
.2
.0
.4
.5
.5
.6
.9
.6

.6

-.2

Nov. 1985
to
Nov. 1986P

Sept.
1986r

Oct.
1986r

Nov.
1986P

186,952

187,505

188,759

2.3

153,251

153,879

154,860

2.6

1,623
9,816
40,384
24,133
16,251
10,779
11,638
27,339
12,090
39,582

1,628
9,762
40,454
24,133
16,321
10,833
11,701
27,491
12,195
39,816

1,613
9,699
40,701
24,248
16,453
10,935
11,767
27,645
12,377
40,124

-20.6
4.9

33,700

33,626

33,899

1
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
p
= preliminary.
' = revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,

108

Percent change

-.1

-1.2
1.5
.7

1.6
3.2

1.5
.8

nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2134-1,
chapter 13, Productivity Measures: Business Economy and Major Sectors.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
(1977=100)
Annual average

Quarterly index

Item

1986

1985

1984
1984

1985
IV

IV

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

105.3
118.8
112.8
168.1
98.1
159.7
156.3
158.5

106.4
122.7
115.3
175.3
98.8
164.8
159.7
163.0

104.9
116.9
111.4
165.9
98.1
158.2
154.1
156.7

105.6
119.0
112.7
167.1
97.9
158.3
156.7
157.7

105.5
119.5
113.3
169.0
98.1
160.2
157.0
159.0

105.5
120.2
114.0
170.6
98.2
161.7
157.7
160.3

105.7
121.3
114.8
172.3
98.4
163.1
158.3
161.4

106.4
122.3
115.0
174.5
98.7
164.0
160.0
162.6

107.3
123.5
115.2
176.4
99.1
164.4
161.4
163.4

106.4
123.8
116.4
178.0
99.0
167.3
159.6
164.6

107.3
125.3
116.8
179.1
99.2
167.0
162.2
165.3

107.4
125.4
116.7
180.4
100.3
168.0
161.9
165.8

107.4
126.2
117.4
181.7
100.4
169.1
163.7
167.2

104.3
118.8
114.0
167.9
98.0
161.0
156.1
159.3

104.8
122.5
116.9
174.6
98.4
166.7
160.6
164.6

103.9
116.9
112.5
165.6
97.9
159.4
153.2
157.2

104.6
119.1
113.8
166.9
97.8
159.5
156.4
158.4

104.4
119.5
114.5
168.7
98.0
161.5
157.2
160.0

104.3
120.2
115.2
170.4
98.1
163.3
157.9
161.4

104.4
121.1
116.0
172.1
98.2
164.8
158.9
162.7

104.9
122.1
116.4
174.0
98.4
165.9
160.8
164.1

105.4
123.3
116.9
175.4
98.5
166.3
163.0
165.2

104.5
123.6
118.2
177.0
98.4
169.3
160.3
166.2

105.6
125.1
118.5
178.3
98.8
168.8
163.9
167.1

105.7
125.3
118.5
179.3
99.8
169.6
163.7
167.5

105.8
126.2
119.3
180.4
99.7
170.5
165.9
168.9

116.6
116.0

121.7
120.4

115.7
115.3

117.8
117.4

99.5
168.2
98.1
144.2

98.9
176.7
99.5
145.1

114.7
113.4
98.8
165.4
97.8
144.1

99.7
166.8
97.8
144.2

99.7
169.1

118.2
117.9
99.7
171.5

98.2
143.5

98.7
145.1

119.3
118.8
99.6
173.8
99.2
145.7

121.7
119.9
98.5
175.6
99.3
144.3

123.0
121.2
98.5
178.1
100.0
144.8

122.9
121.9
99.1
179.3
99.7
145.8

123.7
122.8
99.3
180.2
99.8
145.7

124.7
122.7
98.4
181.4
100.9
145.5

125.8
123.6
98.2
182.5
100.9
145.0

116.7
117.0
100.2
166.6
97.2
142.7

124.6
124.7
100.1
174.9
98.5
140.3

114.0
112.8

118.3
119.1
100.7
167.2
97.1
141.4

119.1
120.5
101.2
169.4
97.5
142.3

121.4
122.6
100.9
172.0
98.2
141.6

124.4
124.1

98.9
164.1
97.1
144.0

115.4
115.6
100.2
165.3
96.9
143.3

99.8
173.2
97.9
139.2

126.3
125.6
99.5
176.5
99.2
139.8

126.4
126.4
100.0
178.0
98.9
140.8

127.1
126.9
99.9
178.9
99.1
140.8

127.4
125.7
98.7
180.2
100.2
141.4

128.4
126.1
98.2
181.2
100.2
141.2

116.5
114.5
98.3
170.8
99.7
146.6

117.3
114.1
97.3
179.4
101.0
152.9

115.9
114.2
98.6
167.5
99.1
144.6

116.1
114.9
99.0
169.2
99.2
145.7

117.0
114.8
98.1
171.9
99.8
146.9

116.8
114.0
97.6
174.6
100.5
149.4

116.0
113.2
97.6
176.5
100.8
152.1

117.5
113.6
96.7
179.4
101.5
152.7

118.0
114.5
97.0
180.4
101.3
152.8

117.6
115.1
97.9
181.3
100.8
154.1

118.6
116.7
98.3
182.2
100.9
153.6

120.7
118.2
97.9
183.5
102.1
152.1

122.1
119.9
98.2
184.7
102.1
151.3

105.6
120.4
114.0
165.9
96.8
161.5
157.0
174.6
133.4
158.1

106.8
124.8
116.9
172.3
97.0
165.8
161.2
179.1
133.1
161.8

105.3
118.2
112.3
163.6
96.8
159.4
155.4
171.1
134.4
156.4

105.9
120.5
113.7
164.8
96.6
160.1
155.7
173.1
138.5
157.5

105.5
120.9
114.6
166.6
96.7
162.6
157.9
176.4
130.3
158.7

105.8
122.1
115.5
168.3
96.8
163.8
159.1
177.5
130.5
159.8

106.0
123.1
116.1
169.9
97.0
164.9
160.3
178.5
129.3
160.6

106.5
124.2
116.6
171.6
97.0
165.8
161.1
179.8
130.2
161.6

107.8
126.0
116.8
173.1
97.2
165.0
160.5
178.3
141.7
162.2

107.0
126.1
117.8
174.5
97.0
167.2
163.0
179.8
131.2
162.9

106.9
126.9
118.7
175.4
97.1
168.3
164.0
181.1
131.7
164.0

106.8
126.6
118.5
176.1
97.9
168.6
164.8
179.9
132.3
164.3

106.9
127.0
118.8
176.8
97.7
169.8
165.4
182.8
134.4
165.6

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nonfinancial corporations1
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

1
Measures for the third quarter of 1986 are preliminary.
' = revised.




SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

109

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted annual rates
Percent change from
Same quarter, previous year

Previous quarter

Item
1985

1985

IV
1985

I
1986

1986

1986r

1985

III
1985

IV
1985

I
1986

1986

1986r

2.7
3.3
.6
5.1
1.0
2.4
4.2
3.0

3.4
4.1
.7
4.4
1.8
1.0
3.7
1.9

-3.2
1.0
4.3
3.8
-.5
7.2
-4.3
3.0

3.3
4.7
1.4
2.5
1.0
-.7
6.6
1.8

0.5
.3
-.2
2.8
4.5
2.3
-.7
1.2

0.2
2.5
2.3
2.9
.3
2.7
4.6
3.4

0.8
2.8
2.0
4.5
.7
3.6
2.0
3.1

1.7
3.4
1.7
4.4
1.0
2.6
2.8
2.7

0.9
3.0
2.1
4.4
.8
3.4
1.2
Z.I

1.5
3.3
1.8
3.9
.8
2.4
2.5
2.4

1.0
2.5
1.6
3.4
1.7
2.4
1.2
2.0

0.2
2.1
2.0
3.0
1.3
2.8
1.4
2.3

1.8
3.0
1.2
4.6
.5
2.7
4.7
3.4

2.2
4.0
1.8
3.2
.7
1.0
5.7
2.6

-3.5
1.0
4.6
3.7
-.6
7.4
-6.6
2.4

4.3
5.1
.8
3.1

.2
3.0
2.8
2.3
-.2
2.2
5.6
3.3

.2
2.5
2.3
4.2
.5
4.0
2.8
3.6

1.0
3.1
2.1
4.0
.6
3.0
3.7
3.2

.2
2.8
2.6
3.9

-1.2
9.3
2.3

.5
.6
.1
2.3
4.0
1.8
-.6
1.0

.3
3.7
1.5
2.9

1.2
3.3
2.1
3.6
.5
2.5
3.1
2.7

.8
2.7
1.8
3.1
1.4
2.2
1.8
2.1

.3
2.4
2.1
2.9
1.2
2.5
1.8
2.3

8.2
3.7
-4.2
4.3
.3
-3'.6

4.4
4.3
-.1
5.6
3.0
1.2

-.3
2.4
2.7
2.8
-1.4
3.0

2.6
3.0
.4
2.1
.6
-.5

3.2
-.4
-3.5
2.7
4.4
-.5

3.7
3.0
-.6
2.4
-.2
-1.3

5.2
4.0
-1.2
5.3
1.6

4.4
3.2
-1.2
5.3
1.9
.9

4.0
3.4
-.6
4.5
1.0
.5

3.7
3.4
-.3
3.7
.6
.0

2.5
2.3
-.2
3.3
1.6
.8

2.3
2.0
-.3
2.5
.8
.2

10.2
5.1
-4.6
3.0

.5
2.7
2.2
3.3
-.9
2.8

2.1

1.0

1.5
-.6
2.2
.7

3.1
1.3
-1.7
2.4
-.1
-.6

7.9
7.4
-.4
4.8
1.1
-2.8

6.8
5.4
-1.2
5.6
2.1

.1

-3.8
-4.8
2.8
4.5
1.7

6.2
5.0

-1.0
-6.6

6.1
4.9
-1.1
7.8
5.1
1.6

-1.1
5.0
1.5
-1.1

4.7
3.5
-1.1
4.1
.9
-.6

2.4
1.3
-1.1
4.0
2.3
1.6

1.7
.4
-1.3
2.7
1.0
1.0

5.2
1.5
-3.5
6.9
2.8
1.7

1.8
3.3
1.5
2.1
-.4
.3

-1.4
1.9
3.4
1.9
-2.3
3.4

3.5
5.6
2.0
2.2
.7
-1.3

7.0
5.3
-1.6
2.9
4.6
-3.9

4.8
5.9
1.0
2.6
.1
-2.1

1.2

.9
-.3
-1.1
4.9
1.5
4.0

.7
1.0

2.2
3.1

.3
3.8

.8
3.3

.3
3.1

.2
1.0

2.7
4.0
1.3
2.3
.6
-.4

3.4
4.7
1.2
2.4
.7
-1.0

2.2
3.7
1.4
4.2
.2
2.3
2.0
3.0
3.0
2.3

4.9
5.9
1.0
3.4
.9
-1.9
-1.4
-3.3
40.1
1.7

-2.8
.5
3.4
3.3

-.5
2.6
3.1
2.0
.5
2.7
2.5
3.1
1.3
2.5

-.3
-1.1

.3
1.4
1.1
1.8
-.7
2.9
1.5
6.6
6.4
3.2

2.2
4.2
2.0
3.9
.5
1.5
1.6
1.1
8.7
2.2

1.2
3.3
2.1
3.7
.2
2.1
2.4
1.3
.6
2.0

.9
3.2
2.2
3.2

.3
2.0
1.7
2.6

-.8
.8

.2
2.1
2.3
1.5
1.8
2.1

.9
1.7
2.3
.0
1.6
1.7

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

1.6

Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

.1

Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

-1.1

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

-1.1
-2.3

6.1
2.3
4.8

Nonfinancial corporations1
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

,

Measures for the third quarter of 1986 are preliminary.
=revised.

110




-.9
5.5
6.3
3.3
-26.4
1.7

-.8

1.6
3.3
.6
1.9
-2.7
2.0
.7

.6
3.1
2.5
4.1

.4
3.6
3.5
3.9
-5.9
2.6

SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

1.7
2.2
.5
2.9
3.0
2.5
-5.2
2.0

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

1,824.6
421.4
120.1
205.4
129.5
65.8

1,902.2
448.4
127.2
212.8
132.4
70.0

Oct.
1986"

Oct.
1985

1,917.0
451.8
127.8
213.5
134.6
70.4

146.9
27.4
6.6
17.7
8.7
4.1

Sept.
1986

184.9
38.9
9.8
22.8
10.0
5.3

Oct.
1986P

181.0
37.7
9.7
21.9
10.7
5.1

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

8.0
6.5
5.5
8.6
6.7
6.3

9.7
8.7
7.7
10.7
7.6
7.6

9.4
8.3
7.6
10.3
7.9
7.2

253.0

260.0

251.6

21.1

25.5

27.1

8.4

9.8

10.8

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

1,500.4
929.3
293.5

1,588.1
985.8
307.2

1,598.7
994.7
309.1

93.5
46.9
14.7

109.6
56.2
17.3

110.4
57.5
18.3

6.2
5.1
5.0

6.9
5.7
5.6

6.9
5.8
5.9

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,075.5
54.8
85.5
251.2
36.5

1,092.9
56.0
86.7
252.0
38.7

1,097.6
56.6
87.7
253.7
38.4

80.8
2.2
6.1
14.9
3.0

88.2
2.4
6.3
18.0
3.2

90.3
2.6
6.4
18.4
3.2

7.5
3.9
7.2
5.9
8.1

8.1
4.2
7.2
7.1
8.1

8.2
4.6
7.3
7.3
8.3

13,106.4
1,192.1
214.1
272.3
4,111.0
141.5
985.8
308.5
781.4
626.9
151.0
970.0
858.1
815.5
169.3
175.4
190.4
171.7

13,391.2
1,205.9
211.8
326.9
4,153.0
150.9
1,023.8
318.8
806.1
651.5
153.5
997.6
868.0
804.9
172.4
178.5
197.4
178.7

13,445.7
1,232.9
213.5
286.4
4,141.0
148.1
1,035.8
322.9
825.7
659.5
155.6
1,013.1
880.9
816.5
176.4
180.4
190.5
180.1

938.7
55.7
27.1
35.0
285.0
19.3
64.2
25.8
59.3
42.7
13.3
52.9
42.9
52.1
9.0
10.1
22.2
12.2

827.5
44.8
23.2
27.0
311.0
13.9
52.5
21.6
49.8
32.7
10.3
46.2
34.0
39.3
7.4
8.1
15.9
9.6

829.4
49.6
27.2
33.5
244.0
18.3
58.5
22.7
54.8
37.6
12.5
51.3
36.8
43.8
8.2
9.1
19.5
11.3

7.2
4.7
12.7
12.9
6.9
13.6
6.5
8.4
7.6
6.8
8.8
5.5
5.0
6.4
5.3
5.8
11.6
7.1

6.2
3.7
10.9
8.3
7.5
9.2
5.1
6.8
6.2
5.0
6.7
4.6
3.9
4.9
4.3
4.6
8.1
5.4

6.2
4.0
12.7
11.7
5.9
12.3
5.6
7.0
6.6
5.7
8.0
5.1
4.2
5.4
4.6
5.1
10.2
6.3

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,739.4
133.5
924.2

1,690.3
130.0
892.1

1,713.0
133.1
903.2

94.2
6.3
43.6

113.5
6.8
57.8

122.9
7.4
61.8

5.4
4.7
4.7

6.7
5.2
6.5

7.2
5.6
6.8

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

1,726.2
230.6
409.9
73.2
265.1
116.7
104.2

1,775.5
237.3
424.6
73.9
273.6
120.1
104.0

1,782.5
239.0
425.9
73.8
274.1
120.6
103.9

72.6
11.7
15.4
3.4
11.0
3.7
6.2

63.3
10.6
13.8
2.9
9.3
3.2
5.1

59.2
9.8
12.8
2.6
8.8
3.0
4.7

4.2
5.1
3.7
4.6
4.2
3.1
5.9

3.6
4.5
3.2
4.0
3.4
2.7
4.9

3.3
4.1
3.0
3.5
3.2
2.5
4.6

317.7
280.2

323.1
279.0

322.5
281.8

13.3
12.0

12.6
12.8

11.5
12.1

4.2
4.3

3.9
4.6

3.6
4.3

District of Columbia
Washington

321.3
1,997.0

320.1
2,059.7

319.4
2,073.8

26.0
74.8

27.0
71.3

25.8
72.7

8.1
3.7

8.4
3.5

8.1
3.5

Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

5,348.8
132.1
562.1
114.2
95.6
408.3
164.3
164.0
876.5
485.4
138.8
101.1
111.7
879.6
349.0

5,602.7
143.6
580.4
121.2
101.0
437.7
168.3
169.9
904.3
522.5
145.4
105.7
117.8
908.5
365.3

5,666.7
144.7
586.2
124.6
101.7
437.8
170.9
172.4
911.2
530.4
146.0
107.9
119.9
921.5
370.2

284.1
5.5
24.3
5.0
2.8
19.7
16.6
6.8
58.3
21.0
6.6
3.7
3.7
37.3
21.0

351.6
7.5
27.4
5.5
4.2
28.1
21.7
10.8
63.3
26.2
9.5
4.6
4.4
47.7
26.6

330.9
7.5
26.1
5.2
3.3
24.4
18.2
12.5
59.1
25.8
9.2
4.1
4.8
48.2
22.4

5.3
4.1
4.3
4.4
2.9
4.8
10.1
4.2
6.6
4.3
4.8
3.6
3.3
4.2
6.0

6.3
5.2
4.7
4.5
4.1
6.4
12.9
6.3
7.0
5.0
6.5
4.3
3.7
5.3
7.3

5.8
5.2
4.4
4.2
3.2
5.6
10.7
7.2
6.5
4.9
6.3
3.8
4.0
5.2
6.0

Alaska

California1
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.




Ill

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins .
Savannah

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986?

2,919.6
56.4

3,037.3
56.7
68.7

98.2
127.2
106.8

3,031.8
56.1
71.2
1,410.9
169.6
98.1
126.5
107.0

181.5
5.1
3.5
63.8
10.9
7.5
8.7
7.3

176.7
6.9
3.4
64.9
11.4
7.1
7.6
6.8

69.7
1,334.1
158.1
96.8
126.3
103.8

1,409.3
172.3

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986?

167.9
6.6
3.3
63.2
9.7
7.2
7.2
6.7

6.2
9.0
5.0
4.8
6.9
7.7
6.9
7.0

5.8
12.2
5.0
4.6
6.6
7.2
5.9
6.4

5.5
11.7
4.6
4.5
5.7
7.3
5.7
6.2

Oct.

Hawaii
Honolulu .

479.4
360.5

484.5
363.7

487.3
366.6

25.8
17.7

21.8
15.0

21.1
14.5

5.4

4.5
4.1

4.3
3.9

Idaho
Boise City .

480.8
101.2

491.4
105.9

484.4
105.6

29.4
4.9

35.1
5.3

33.4
5.4

6.1
4.8

7.1
5.0

5.1

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline .
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

5,722.0
165.5
62.2

5,729.9
169.9
62.6
82.1
3,144.6

524.6
12.5
3.5
4.2

448.6
10.4

414.2
9.9
2.8
3.3
216.0

176.2
58.5
187.8
44.2
259.6
150.7
143.9
102.0

2.9
3.6
234.0
17.9

58.5
186.6
44.2
252.1
153.7
143.5
102.3

5,703.2
170.6
62.8
83.7
3,141.0
174.4
58.3
186.3
43.1
256.0
148.3
143.0
101.6

5.0
15.1
16.9
15.2
6.8

6.5
13.1
3.8
12.3
14.1
12.8
5.7

5.1

9.2
7.5
5.6
5.0
8.8
10.4
11.1
8.2
11.2
6.0
11.0
10.6
6.7

7.8
6.1
4.6
4.3
7.4
10.1
11.1
7.0
8.6
4.7
9.4
8.9
5.6

7.3
5.8
4.5
3.9
6.9
8.7
9.8
6.7
8.5
4.7
7.7
8.5
5.0

Indiana
Anderson
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka....
Terre Haute

2,773.8

2,832.6

2,838.7

62.1
89.3
145.3

62.9

62.2

185.3
3.8
5.2
9.8
9.9
27.3
34.9
2.5
4.3
7.6
4.1

177.0
3.4
3.9
8.6
8.8
35.9
30.7
2.5
4.0
6.6
3.6

175.0
3.4
4.1
9.3
9.2
33.9
30.6
2.0
3.8
6.2
3.6

6.7
6.1
5.9
6.7
5.3
10.2
5.4
3.7
7.0
6.0
6.7

6.2
5.5
4.3
5.9
4.6
13.2
4.7
3.6
6.6
5.1
5.8

6.2
5.5
4.5
6.3
4.8
12.6
4.6
3.0
6.3
4.8
5.9

97.2
5.5
13.5
3.1
1.5
4.2
8.4

86.8
4.9
11.4

82.5
4.7
10.5

6.1
5.6
5.5

5.7
5.2
5.0

4.3
8.0

4.1
7.2

6.8
6.3
6.5
7.4
2.6
7.4
11.9

7.7
11.5

7.3
10.3

56.6
1.2
4.2
12.3

64.4
f8)
4.3
13.3

4.5
3.1
4.9
5.4

5.2
(3)
5.0
5.9

5.5

4.5
14.1

145.2
8.5
33.3
4.3

121.1
7.7
27.9
4.0

119.3
7.4
27.5
3.5

8.4
4.6
6.7
9.5

7.0
4.2
5.5
8.8

226.5
5.7
27.8

256.2
(3)
27.1
14.3
16.2
10.1
7.0
65.0
19.1

11.3
9.7
10.7
11.3

12.6
(3)

10.6
10.6
6.5
65.4
16.5

252.5
(3)
26.6
14.1
16.0
10.4
6.5
64.9
18.7

9.4
14.0

14.9
14.3

9.5
10.7
9.6

9.4
10.9
11.3

12.9
(3)
10.3
18.8
15.4
13.9
10.1
10.9
11.6

1

83.1

3,126.7
176.5

91.9

92.1

146.5

146.6

190.7
271.1

191.4
270.0
662.7
67.9
61.0

274.1
18.4

6.5
15.4

15.1
5.7
12.4
3.7
12.0

11.4
12.2

185.8
267.4
641.6

659.5

66.7
60.4
127.3
61.9

68.0
60.5
129.5
61.5

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls .

1,434.0
88.0
208.7
42.4
55.9
56.9
70.3

1,429.4
87.5
209.3
3
()
C3)
56.0
69.5

1,446.5
89.4

Kansas
Lawrence .
Topeka
Wichita

1,264.4
38.0
86.9
226.3

1,237.7
(3>
86.2
223.5

1,235.7

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette .
Louisville
Owensboro

1,719.8
184.9
493.0
45.6

1,721.2
181.7

1,731.9
182.9

504.9
45.2

508.7

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux .
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

2,012.9
58.9
260.8
79.5
112.3
75.6
68.9
610.9
172.1

1,998.5
(3)
261.3
76.1

1,989.5

107.3
72.5
69.1
596.6
165.5

261.8
76.3
105.5
72.5
69.0
596.2
163.9

555.1
40.2
112.1

585.3
40.1
115.0

567.0
39.8
115.5

24.0
2.3
2.9

24.7
2.1
3.0

23.6
2.1
3.0

4.3
5.7
2.6

4.2
5.3
2.6

4.2
5.2
2.6

2,270.4
1,113.9

2,360.8
1,145.6

2,372.2
1,152.1

98.4
57.9

97.4
55.0

101.6
57.4

4.3
5.2

4.1
4.8

4.3
5.0

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn .
Portland
Maryland ....
Baltimore .
See footnotes at end of table.

112




129.6
61.7

211.6
56.6

86.3
223.5

44.9

ft

9.0

10.2
18.5

5.2
6.3
4.0
5.4
7.9

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986?

Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,037.7
1,506.1
95.4
76.4
45.5
186.3
149.1
86.7
40.0
244.4
202.4

3,077.1
1,515.5
96.2
76.9
47.7
185.2
152.2
87.9
40.7
242.6
206.1

3,063.7
1,521.3
95.8
74.9
46.7
185.8
152.3
86.0
40.9
244.5
203.2

100.8
43.7
3.3
4.3
1.7
8.3
5.3
4.6
1.3
8.6
6.3

133.1
59.1
4.5
4.8
2.5
9.8
7.5
5.1
1.5
10.8
10.1

Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,336.7
148.0
63.4
74.7
2,084.0
198.9
334.4
62.1
110.5
227.0
69.9
180.5

4,347.6
150.0
(3)
(3)
2,116.2
198.4
330.3
(3)
110.2
225.3
(3)
179.5

4,416.5
153.5
(3)
(3)
2,151.4
201.1
335.0
(3)
112.2
236.7
(3)
183.5

414.4
8.3
7.3
7.9
185.2
22.3
26.6
6.7
7.8
18.0
9.4
19.2

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,246.7
102.2
1,318.5
58.6
85.3

2,237.3
103.2
1,323.1
87.7

2,244.9
103.5
1,336.0
(3)
89.2

Mississippi
Jackson

1,141.2
189.3

1,176.4
196.6

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

2,519.4
821.7
42.0
1,227.0
116.7

Montana

Oct.
1985

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986?

103.5
44.2
3.7
3.8
2.1
8.2
5.9
4.4
1.4
9.0
6.7

3.3
2.9
3.5
5.6
3.8
4.5
3.5
5.3
3.3
3.5
3.1

4.3
3.9
4.7
6.3
5.3
5.3
4.9
5.7
3.8
4.4
4.9

3.4
2.9
3.9
5.0
4.6
4.4
3.9
5.1
3.3
3.7
3.3

359.0
6.9
(3)
3
()
168.4
23.7
23.5
3
()
6.6
15.1
(3)
16.7

359.3
5.9
(3)
3
()
168.6
24.5
23.0
3
()
6.2
14.8
(3)
17.1

9.6
5.6
11.5
10.5
8.9
11.2
7.9
10.7
7.1
8.0
13.5
10.6

8.3
4.6
(3)
(3)
8.0
12.0
7.1
(3)
6.0
6.7
(3)
9.3

8.1
3.8
(3)
(3)
7.8
12.2
6.9
(3)
5.5
6.3
(3)
9.3

109.4
8.7
54.3
2.1
4.7

95.3
8.0
48.9
3
()
3.8

97.0
7.8
50.4
3
()
4.0

4.9
8.6
4.1
3.6
5.5

4.3
7.8
3.7
(3)
4.4

4.3
7.5
3.8
(3)
4.5

1,174.6
197.6

103.7
12.8

131.5
15.5

129.8
16.0

9.1
6.7

11.2
7.9

11.1
8.1

2,581.2
808.4
(3)
1,252.4
120.9

2,584.9
807.9
(3)
1,255.5
121.6

141.1
34.7
2.6
83.1
5.2

153.0
36.6
(3)
89.4
5.1

160.3
37.1
(3)
92.7
5.7

5.6
4.2
6.2
6.8
4.5

5.9
4.5
(3)
7.1
4.2

6.2
4.6
(3)
7.4
4.7

402.9

400.8

397.2

25.2

26.5

26.0

6.3

6.6

6.6

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

818.5
117.3
317.5

803.0
114.9
307.4

811.8
115.5
310.8

38.7
3.7
16.7

31.2
3.0
14.3

34.3
3.3
15.2

4.7
3.2
5.3

3.9
2.6
4.6

4.2
2.9
4.9

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

517.3
295.4
131.5

532.9
304.6
135.1

533.0
305.4
135.4

38.8
24.5
8.0

26.9
16.9
5.5

27.9
17.1
6.0

7.5
8.3
6.1

5.1
5.5
4.1

5.2
5.6
4.4

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua

546.0
82.1
89.8

565.9
(3)
89.0

563.6
(3)
89.4

17.0
2.1
3.0

14.8
(3)
2.6

13.6
(3)
2.4

3.1
2.5
3.4

2.6
(3)
2.9

2.4
(3)
2.7

3,831.7
162.4
700.2
266.0
524.3
439.3
955.8
162.8
55.4

3,899.3
(3)
707.1
267.5
533.5
462.9
955.3
167.9
(3)

3,874.1
(3)
705.2
266.7
534.5
451.8
952.8
167.9
(3)

209.5
14.1
35.5
22.2
23.3
19.5
57.2
7.2
4.9

166.1
(3)
28.1
18.1
17.4
15.7
44.4
6.1
(3)

186.8
(3)
31.0
20.2
19.5
17.3
49.5
6.5
(3)

5.5
8.7
5.1
8.4
4.4
4.4
6.0
4.4
8.8

4.3
(3)
4.0
6.8
3.3
3.4
4.7
3.6
(3)

4.8
(3)
4.4
7.6
3.6
3.8
5.2
3.9
(3)

656.6
244.6
54.3
59.8

676.8
255.1
56.0
62.9

682.5
259.8
57.4
62.7

55.7
16.2
4.4
3.1

60.8
16.5
4.2
3.2

60.1
17.1
3.9
3.3

8.5
6.6
8.1
5.2

9.0
6.5
7.6
5.1

8.8
6.6
6.8
5.3

New Jersey1
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon.
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

ft

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

See footnotes at end of table.




113

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986p

New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

8,536.9
412.1
129.2
443.6
40.1
50.5
1,415.9
3,969.5
3,305.0
124.5
128.4
500.6
318.2
138.2

8,437.5
414.9
126.9
448.7
40.3
51.7
1,436.6
3,820.1
3,154.0
126.6
128.2
504.2
322.0
137.1

8,442.2
410.7
125.2
441.9
40.0
50.6
1,421.6
3,890.2
3,230.0
125.0
126.8
499.2
317.7
133.8

564.1
21.3
8.3
31.3
3.4
3.5
65.9
303.1
278.0
6.6
4.5
24.7
19.4
10.1

492.8
20.4
7.2
31.7
2.7
3.0
65.7
233.2
210.0
6.3
4.6
28.0
24.4
8.6

North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

3,179.8
88.4
589.1
509.1
384.8

3,183.9
87.2
593.1
502.4
382.9

3,199.7
86.7
595.0
507.1
385.5

147.5
3.5
26.1
22.3
9.8

336.6
44.8
82.5
34.8

338.6
44.4
81.5
34.5

325.4
43.0
81.8
34.9

Ohio1
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

5,215.7
321.8
192.8
718.5
932.9
666.9
457.1
301.4
224.0

5,183.6
321.9
(3)
725.6
919.9
677.5
455.0
302.8
(3)

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,580.6
31.8
47.2
515.8
345.7

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
See footnotes at end of table.

114




Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

468.5
18.8
6.0
26.7
2.1
3.0
54.3
243.8
224.0
5.4
3.9
24.7
21.3
7.8

6.6
5.2
6.4
7.1
8.4
6.9
4.7
7.6
8.4
5.3
3.5
4.9
6.1
7.3

5.8
4.9
5.7
7.1
6.6
5.8
4.6
6.1
6.6
5.0
3.6
5.5
7.6
6.3

5.5
4.6
4.8
6.1
5.4
6.0
3.8
6.3
6.9
4.3
3.1
4.9
6.7
5.8

157.6
4.3
26.9
21.4
12.5

162.5
4.6
26.0
22.7
12.8

4.6
4.0
4.4
4.4
2.5

5.0
5.0
4.5
4.3
3.3

5.1
5.3
4.4
4.5
3.3

16.0
2.9
2.4
.9

16.8
2.5
2.4
.9

14.8
2.2
1.8
1.0

4.7
6.5
2.9
2.4

5.0
5.7
2.9
2.7

4.6
5.1
2.2
2.8

5,258.6
325.2
(3)
733.3
934.4
694.9
462.7
308.2
(3)

468.6
28.4
21.1
51.1
79.2
44.7
35.0
23.7
25.4

433.7
26.3
(3)
47.0
72.9
44.0
31.6
26.4
(3)

407.9
24.5
(3)
43.1
70.2
40.2
29.3
24.4
(3)

9.0
8.8
11.0
7.1
8.5
6.7
7.7
7.9
11.3

8.4
8.2
(3)
6.5
7.9
6.5
7.0
8.7
(3)

7.8
7.5
(3)
5.9
7.5
5.8
6.3
7.9
(3)

1,581.9
(3)
46.6
503.4
352.6

1,583.2
(3)
46.8
504.7
352.7

106.1
2.1
2.4
28.4
23.9

131.2
(3)
2.5
35.3
30.5

124.2
(3)
2.4
32.5
29.1

6.7
6.6
5.1
5.5
6.9

8.3
(3)
5.3
7.0
8.6

7.8
(3)
5.1
6.4
8.3

1,343.0
132.4
607.1
124.6

1,380.1
135.0
617.9
131.9

1,395.2
138.2
628.8
131.9

99.4
9.8
41.3
8.1

106.1
10.7
43.9
9.2

99.8
9.9
41.8
8.8

7.4
7.4
6.8
6.5

7.7
7.9
7.1
7.0

7.1
7.2
6.7
6.7

5,600.6
316.8
59.2
69.0
127.8
301.0
94.6
202.9
2,322.0
974.5
167.9
339.6
47.1
57.3
54.7
206.9

5,639.8
317.4
59.1
64.1
129.6
305.2
94.3
209.4
2,355.1
971.5
167.7
341.9
49.8
58.2
56.1
208.1

5,611.4
311.7
58.1
65.2
129.1
302.5
92.5
209.5
2,355.7
967.4
166.8
340.9
50.0
58.6
55.7
206.4

397.3
24.4
5.7
10.3
9.5
14.7
9.7
7.6
126.5
81.5
10.9
27.6
4.0
4.1
3.8
12.0

362.1
23.0
4.3
6.7
11.0
12.6
8.1
6.2
120.4
73.7
9.0
25.9
4.0
3.3
3.2
9.9

322.5
17.3
3.8
7.3
9.9
11.2
7.1
5.6
110.5
68.2
7.3
23.2
3.9
3.0
3.2
8.0

7.1
7.7
9.7
14.9
7.4
4.9
10.3
3.7
5.4
8.4
6.5
8.1
8.5
7.1
6.9
5.8

6.4
7.2
7.3
10.5
8.5
4.1
8.6
2.9
5.1
7.6
5.4
7.6
8.0
5.7
5.8
4.8

5.7
5.6
6.6
11.2
7.6
3.7
7.7
2.7
4.7
7.1
4.4
6.8
7.9
5.2
5.7
3.9

502.7
164.7
326.6

508.9
165.7
328.7

512.0
166.0
332.4

19.4
7.1
12.4

17.0
8.0
10.4

17.1
6.5
11.0

3.8
4.3
3.8

3.3
4.8
3.2

3.3
3.9
3.3

1,590.4
210.9
215.8
313.3

1,662.8
227.6
229.3
327.3

1,650.5
226.9
230.2
325.6

101.2
8.8
7.8
17.8

90.5
9.4
8.2
14.3

89.9
10.0
7.8
14.5

6.4
4.2
3.6
5.7

5.4
4.2
3.6
4.4

5.4
4.4
3.4
4.5

351.4
38.4
69.9

353.5
38.5
68.8

352.5
39.4
69.7

15.7
1.8
3.1

12.7
1.4
2.0

14.8
1.9
2.4

4.5
4.7
4.4

3.6
3.7
2.9

4.2
4.8
3.5

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986?

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986P

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis LMA
Nashville

2,290.4
205.9
213.4
271.6
424.9
496.4

2,322.6
203.8
213.8
277.8
430.5
500.7

2,333.9
205.9
213.9
279.7
430.6
503.2

162.8
13.6
13.6
17.7
27.1
21.0

162.4
12.5
13.5
18.4
27.0
23.2

Texas 1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

8,103.4
56.3
102.1
420.4
168.6
79.5
91.7
58.4
167.7
1,372.0
215.3
634.7
107.6
1,658.6
87.3
42.6
81.8
110.4
138.2
52.7
61.1
44.7
556.2
46.2
56.8
76.4
38.2
89.3
56.5

8,167.0
56.6
100.7
422.1
159.0
79.6
94.6
3
()
167.6
1,395.8
221.3
638.7
105.7
1,656.2
88.2
(3)
80.5
108.7
136.2
52.9
60.1
3
()
557.4
(3)
(3)
76.8
(3)
89.5

8,233.8
57.3
101.2
427.6

612.6
3.5

743.3
5.4
6.7
24.3
22.5
9.0
15.4
3
()
20.2
81.5

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen

741.7
94.6
489.0

770.7
97.2
511.8

771.8
98.9
513.4

Vermont
Burlington

281.2
70.7

289.6
70.7

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News..
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,909.9
64.9
53.8
73.7
576.2
412.8
117.8

Washington
Seattle
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming

159.9
79.8
93.7
3
()
169.6
1,407.8
219.1
646.2

106.6
1,667.6
88.3
(3)
80.3

110.2
141.3
52.6
59.7
3
()

565.9

Oct.
1985

6.1
21.7
24.2
7.2
13.8
3.0
16.5

72.2
23.7
35.1
11.9
138.6
7.4
5.8
8.6
7.1
27.4
3.2
4.2
2.6
36.3
3.1

Sept.
1986

29.9
42.3
11.9
174.2
7.2
(3)
10.0
7.1
27.2
6.5
10.5
(3)
42.2

4.9
6.4

77.5
(3)
91.3

2.8
5.4
3.5

Oct.
1985

Sept.
1986

Oct.
1986?

166.3
12.7
13.7
19.3
27.9
22.9

7.1
6.6
6.4
6.5
6.4
4.2

7.0
6.2
6.3
6.6
6.3
4.6

7.1
6.2
6.4
6.9
6.5
4.5

734.2
5.4
6.3
24.7
21.4

7.6
6.3
6.0
5.2
14.3
9.0
15.1
5.2
9.8
5.3
11.0
5.5

9.1
9.5
6.6

9.3
6.2

Oct.
1986p

8.6
13.6
(3)
21.3
82.4
26.0
43.3
12.1
170.4
6.8
(3)

9.4
7.4

10.5
6.4
19.9
6.1
6.8
5.9
6.5
6.8
8.6
8.3
7.4
6.1
6.2

7.1

7.2

)

)

11.0
8.4
8.4
13.7

28.2
6.1
9.9
3
()
43.6

7.0

7.4

36.6
5.0
22.3

41.7

43.9
7.0

292.6
71.2

10.1
1.8

2,941.6
(3)
(3)
71.6
586.2
415.3
117.7

2,958.7

2,150.7
936.0

P)

5.8
14.1
11.3
16.3
(3)
12.1
5.8
13.5
6.6
11.3
10.5
8.1
(3)
12.4

8.9

5.8
13.4

10.7
14.5
(3)
12.6

5.9
11.9
6.7
11.4
10.2
7.7

6.5
20.0
12.2
17.4
(3)
7.6

6.7
20.0
11.7
16.5
(3)

9.4
(3)
7.8

9.2
(3)
8.1

7.7

26.1

4.9
5.3
4.6

5.4
7.1
4.8

5.7
7.1
5.1

9.9
2.1

11.5
2.0

3.6
2.6

3.4
3.0

3.9
2.8

132.9

138.0

4.2
27.1
16.9
5.7

4.4
28.2
17.5

6.0

5.2
4.7
9.6
5.8
4.9
4.5
5.1

4.5

72.2
589.6
416.4
118.8

152.1
3.1
5.1
4.3
28.1
18.4
6.0

5.9
4.6
4.1
4.9

6.0
4.8
4.2
5.0

2,255.7
990.5

2,260.2
999.1

152.5
57.0

159.9
59.3

167.6
61.7

7.1
6.1

7.1
6.0

7.4
6.2

761.8
119.7
129.4
72.9
77.0

744.2
117.1
125.6
71.8
70.7

748.0
117.7
126.6
71.8
71.3

85.8
11.0
14.4
7.7
11.0

86.1
10.7
12.2
7.4

86.2

11.3
9.2
11.1
10.5
14.2

11.6
9.1
9.7
10.4
11.2

11.5
9.0
9.3
10.2
10.9

2,379.3
157.5
66.2
98.2
68.8
53.8
51.0
207.0
709.3
82.9
52.1
54.5

2,422.5
159.8
67.8
100.7
68.2
51.9
51.6
208.5
717.8
85.7
54.1
55.4

2,428.3
159.7
69.4
100.4
70.3
52.4

149.0
9.3
3.8
5.4
4.9
6.8
2.7
8.1
42.5
8.0
2.7
3.5

154.9
9.2
3.8
5.5

721.8
84.1
53.8
55.3

139.6
8.4
3.6
4.8
4.5
5.4
2.5
7.1
40.5
6.1
3.1
3.4

41.0
6.3
2.8
3.6

5.9
5.4
5.5
4.9
6.5
10.1
4.9
3.4
5.7
7.4
5.9
6.3

6.2
5.8
5.6
5.4
7.2
13.1
5.3
3.9
5.9
9.3
5.1
6.4

6.4
5.7
5.5
5.5
14.5
9.7
5.3
4.2
5.7
7.5
5.1
6.6

249.7

255.2

248.2

15.9

20.5

20.1

6.4

8.1

8.1

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data.
2
Not available.
3
Publication of data has been suspended due to budget cuts.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1985 have been




Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

51.7
210.1

benchmarked to
11 States and
provisional and
available. Area
publication.

6.9
24.3

7.9

10.6
11.8
7.4
7.8

10.2
5.1
2.7
8.9

1985 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the
2 areas designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1986 are
will be revised when new benchmark information becomes
definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

115

Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2)
reports from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained
from a sample survey of the population 16 years of age
and over. The survey is conducted each month by the
Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics
and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the
employed, and the unemployed, including such
characteristics as age, sex, race, family relationship,
marital status, occupation, and industry attachment.
The survey also provides data on the characteristics and
past work experience of those not in the labor force.
The information is collected by trained interviewers from
a sample of about 59,500 households, representing 729
areas in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with
coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia. The
data collected are based on the activity or status
reported for the calendar week including the 12th of the
month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled
each month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The
establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly earnings,
and average weekly earnings for the Nation, States, and
metropolitan areas. The employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based on payroll reports from a
sample of 250,000 establishments employing over 38
million nonagricultural wage and salary workers. The
data relate to all workers, full or part time, who received
pay during the payroll period which includes the 12th
day of the month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES

The household and establishment data supplement
one another, each providing significant types of information that the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily obtained
only from the household survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from
establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
116




because of differences in definitions and coverage,
sources of information, methods of collection, and
estimating procedures. Sampling variability and
response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies.
The major factors which have a differential effect on
the levels and trends of the two series are as follows.
Employment

Coverage. The household survey definition of employment comprises wage and salary workers (including
domestics and other private household workers), selfemployed persons, unpaid workers who worked 15
hours or more during the survey week in familyoperated enterprises, and members of the Armed Forces
stationed in the United States. Civilian employment in
both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary
employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural
establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without
duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons holding more than one job are counted only once
and are classified according to the job at which they
worked the greatest number of hours during the survey
week. In the figures based on establishment reports,
persons who worked in more than one establishment
during the reporting period are counted each time their
names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes among the employed all civilians who had jobs
but were not at work during the survey week—that is,
were not working but had jobs from which they were
temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or because they
were taking time off for various other reasons, even if
they were not paid by their employers for the time off.
In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave
paid for by the company are included, but not those on
leave without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences
between household and establishment survey employment data, see Gloria P. Green's article ''Comparing
Employment Estimates From Household and Payroll
Surveys," Monthly Labor Review, December 1969.

Hours of work

The household survey measures hours actually worked whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for
by employers. In the household survey data, all persons
with a job but not at work are excluded from the hours
distributions and the computations of average hours. In
the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory
employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick
leave are included and assigned the number of hours for
which they were paid during the reporting period.
Earnings

The household survey measures median earnings of
wage and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both the private and public sectors. Data
refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's
sole or primary job. Data from the establishment survey
generally refer to average earnings of production and
related workers in mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in private service-producing industries. For a
comprehensive discussion of the household survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the Quarterly
Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population
Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113.
COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES

Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total
from the household survey includes all persons who did
not have a job at all during the survey week and were
looking for work or were waiting to be called back to a
job from, which they had been laid off, whether or not
they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures
on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the
Employment and Training Administration of the
Department of Labor, exclude persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have not
earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons
losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance
systems (some workers in agriculture, domestic services,
and religious organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family workers). Beginning in January 1978,
coverage was extended to include domestic workers
whose employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in any
calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose
employers engaged 10 or more workers in 20 weeks or
paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any calendar
quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of
unemployment used in the household survey. For example, persons with a job but not at work and persons
working only a few hours during the week are




sometimes eligible for unemployment compensation but
are classified as employed rather than unemployed in
the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences
between State insured unemployment and total
unemployment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured
Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971
issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the Department
of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are
the inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and
Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual
jobholders, who are counted more than once if they
work on more than one farm during the reporting
period. There are also wide differences in sampling
techniques and collecting and estimating methods,
which cannot be readily measured in terms of their impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two
series.
COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT DATA WITH OTHER SERIES

Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the
Census, BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from employment counts derived by the Bureau of
Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons
for noncomparability are different treatment of
business units considered parts of an establishment,
such as central administrative offices and auxiliary
units, the industrial classification of establishments, and
different reporting patterns by multiunit companies.
There are also differences in the scope of the industries
covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and financial
establishments, whereas these are included in the BLS
statistics.
County Business Patterns. Data in County Business
Patterns (CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census,
U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS
establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may
also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate
railroads and government, and coverage is incomplete
for some of the nonprofit activities.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance
programs. Most nonagricultural wage and salary
workers are covered by the unemployment insurance
programs. However, certain activities, such as interstate
railroads, parochial schools, and churches are not
covered by unemployment insurance whereas these are
included in the BLS establishment statistics.
117

Household Data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE

Statistics on the employment status of the population,
the personal, occupational, and other characteristics of
the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the
labor force, and related data are compiled for the BLSby
the Bureau of the Census in its Current Population
Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force
Statistics Derived from the Current Population Survey,
BLS Report 463. Historical national data are published
in Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current
Population Survey: A Databook, BLS Bulletin 2096.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted with a scientifically selected sample designed to
represent the civilian noninstitutional population.
Respondents are interviewed to obtain information
about the employment status of each member of the
household 16 years of age and over. The inquiry relates
to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday
through Saturday, which includes the 12th of the
month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field
interviewing is conducted in the following week.
Inmates of institutions and persons under 14 years of
age are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations, and are excluded from the population and labor
force statistics shown in this report. Data on the
members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States, who are included as part of the categories
"noninstitutional population," "labor force," and
"total employment." are obtained from the Department of Defense.
Each month about 59,500 occupied units are eligible
for interview. About 2,500 of these households are
visited but interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not at home after repeated calls or are
unavailable for other reasons. This represents a
noninterview rate for the survey of between 4 or 5 percent. In addition to the 59,500 occupied units, there are
11,000 sample units in an average month which are
visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not to be
enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month.
The rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample to be common from 1 month to the next and one
half to be common with the same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS

The concepts and definitions underlying labor force
data have been modified, but not substantially altered,
since the inception of the survey in 1940; those used
since 1967 are as follows:
118




Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the
survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in
their own business, profession, or on their own farm, or
who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an
enterprise operated by a member of the family; and (b)
all those who were not working but who had jobs or
businesses from which they were temporarily absent
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labormanagement disputes, or personal reasons, whether
they were paid for the time off or were seeking other
jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States are also included in the employed total.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those
who held more than one job are counted in the job at
which they worked the greatest number of hours during
the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign
countries who are temporarily in the United States but
not living on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are
persons whose only activity consisted of work around
the house (painting, repairing, or own home
housework) or volunteer work for religious, charitable,
and similar organizations.
Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no
employment during the survey week, were available for
work, except for temporary illness, and had made
specific efforts to find employment sometime during
the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be
recalled to a job from which they had laid off or were
waiting to report to a new job within 30 days need not
be looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of
time (through the current survey week) during which
persons classified as unemployed had been continuously
looking for work. For persons on layoff, duration of
unemployment represents the number of full weeks
since the termination of their most recent employment.
A period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was
employed or ceased looking for work is considered to
break the continuity of the present period of seeking
work. Measurements of mean and median duration are
computed from a distribution of single weeks of
unemployment.
Unemployment is also categorized according to the
status of individuals at the time they began to look for
work. The reasons for unemployment are divided into
four major groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose
employment ended involuntarily who immediately
began looking for work, and persons on layoff. (2) Job
leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated

their employment voluntarily and immediately began
looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who
previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or
longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning
to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who
never worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or
longer. Each of these four categories of the unemployed
may be expressed as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the
four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all
civilian workers.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made
specific efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week
period preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include those persons unemployed because they (a) were
waiting to be called back to a job" from which they had
been laid off or (b) were waiting to report to a new job
within 30 days. Jobseekers are grouped by the methods
used to seek work, including going to a public or private
employment agency or to an employer directly, seeking
assistance from friends or relatives, placing or answering ads, or utilizing some other method. Examples of
the Vother" category include being on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup
point.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians
classified as employed or unemployed in accordance
with the criteria described above. The labor force also
includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States.
The overall unemployment rate represents the
number unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States.
The unemployment rate for all civilian workers
represents the number unemployed as a percent of the
civilian labor force. This measure can also be computed
for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, marital status, etc.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the
population that is in the labor force. The labor force
participation rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian labor force participation
rate is the ratio of the civilian labor force to the civilian
noninstitutional population. Civilian labor force participation rates are usually published for sex-age groups,
often cross-classified by other demographic
characteristics such as race and educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of the noninstitutional population that is
employed. The total employment-population ratio is
total employment, including the resident Armed Forces,




as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The
civilian employment-population ratio is the percentage
of all employed civilians in the civilian noninstitutional
population.
Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not
classified as employed or unemployed. These persons
are further classified as engaged in own home
housework, in school, unable to work because of longterm physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The
"other" group includes individuals reported as too old
or temporarily unable to work, the voluntarily idle,
seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an
off season and who were not reported as looking for
work, and persons who did not look for work because
they believed that no jobs were available in the area or
that no jobs were available for which they could
qualify—discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid family work (less than 15 hours in the
specified week) are also classified as not in labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous
work experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a
job at the time of interview, and reasons for not looking
for work are published on a quarterly basis. As of
January 1970, the detailed questions for persons not in
the labor force are asked only in those households that
are in the fourth and eighth months of the sample, i.e.,
the "outgoing" groups, those which had been in the
sample for 3 previous months and would not be in for
the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969 these
questions were asked in those households entering the
sample for the first time and those returning for the second 4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming"
groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the
employed apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in the job at
which they worked the greatest number of hours during
the survey week. The unemployed are classified according to their last full-time job lasting 2 weeks or more.
The classifications of occupations and industries used in
data derived from the CPS are defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed categories included in
these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and
salary workers subdivided into private and government
workers; self-employed workers; and unpaid family
workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages,
salary, commission, tips, or pay in kind from a private
employer or from a government unit. Self-employed
persons are those who work for profit or fees in their
own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm.
Unpaid family workers are persons working without
pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a
business operated by a member of the household to
119

whom they are related by birth or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number
of hours worked during the survey week. For example,
persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were
off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as
working 32 hours even though they were paid for the
holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the
figures relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs
during the week; all the hours are credited to the major
job.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the
survey week are designated as working full time. Persons who worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated
as working part time. Part-time workers are classified
by their usual status at their present job (either full or
part time) and by their reason for working part time
during the survey week (economic or noneconomic
reasons). Economic reasons include: Slack work,
material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start
or termination of a job during the week, and inability to
find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons include:
Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation,
demands of home or school, no desire for full-time
work, and full-time worker only during peak season.
Persons on full-time schedules include, in addition to
those working 35 hours or more, those who worked
from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic reasons and usually
work full time.
Data on employment "at work" differ from data on
total employment because they exclude persons in the
zero-hours-worked category, "with a job but not at
work." These are persons who were absent from their
jobs for the entire week for such reasons as bad
weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor
dispute.
Employed persons are also categorized into full- and
part-time groupings based primarily on their usual
status. In this context, full-time workers are those who
(a) worked 35 hours or more during the survey week, (b)
worked 1 to 34 hours for economic or noneconomic
reasons, but usually work full time, and (c) were with a
job but not at work and usually work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who (a) voluntarily
worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually work
part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time
work; and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually work part time.
Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers
are calculated using the concepts of the full- and parttime labor force which are based on the type of
job—full or part-time—that persons—whether working
or unemployed—report that they want. The "full-time
labor force" includes all persons working part time but
who desire full-time work, that is, working part time for
economic reasons. Thus, this category consists of per120




sons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily
working part time regardless of their usual status; and
unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The "parttime labor force" consists of persons working part time
voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time
work. Employed persons with a job but not at work are
distributed according to whether they usually work on
full-time or voluntary part-time schedules.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours
lost to the economy through unemployment and involuntary part-time employment and is expressed as a
percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is
computed by assuming that; (1) unemployed persons
looking for full-time work lost an average of 37.5 hours,
(2) those looking for part-time work lost the average
number of hours actually worked by voluntary parttime workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on
part time for economic reasons lost the difference between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they
worked.
White, black, and other are terms used to describe the
race of workers. Included in the "other" group are
American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and
Pacific Islanders. All tables in this publication which
contain racial data, with the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data for the black population
group. Because of their relatively small sample size,
data for "other" races are not published. In the
enumeration process, race is determined by the
household respondent.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified
themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican,
Puerto Rican living on the mainland, Cuban, Central or
South American, or of other Hispanic origin or descent.
Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race; thus
they are included in both the white and black population
groups.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the
Armed Forces of the United States between August 5,
1964, and May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the
civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are
men who never served in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from
responses to the question "How much does . . . USUALLY earn per week at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime pay, commissions, or tips
usually received. The term "usual" is as perceived by
the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition
of usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term
as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or
5 months. Data refer to wage and salary workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who usually
work full time on their sole or primary job.
Median earnings indicate the value which divides the
earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part hav-

ing values above the median and the other having values
below the median. The medians as shown in this
publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the
$50 centered interval within which each median falls.
Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).

Single, never married; married, spouse present; and
other marital status are terms used to define the marital
status of individuals at the time of interview. Married,
spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were
reported as members of the same household even
though one may be temporarily absent on business,
vacation, on a visit, in a hospital, etc. Other marital
status applies to persons who are married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse absent, includes persons who are separated because of marital
discord, as well as persons who are living apart because
either the husband or the wife was employed and living
away from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or had a
different place of residence for any reason.
A household consists of all persons—related family
members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a
housing unit. A house, an apartment, a group of rooms,
or a single room is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as separate living
quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in
whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The
term is never applied to either husbands or wives in
married-couple families but relates only to persons in
families maintained by either men or women without a
spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons
residing together who are related by birth, marriage, or
adoption; all such persons are considered as members of
one family even though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married couple or a parent-child group
related by birth or marriage to the householder and
sharing the living quarters. The count of families used in
this publication excludes unrelated subfamilies such as
lodgers, guests, or resident employees living in a
household but not related to the householder. Families
are classified either as married-couple families or as
families maintained by women or men without spouses.
A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in
which the householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married, spouse absent. Data on the earnings
of families exclude all those in which there is no wage or
salary earner or in which the husband, wife, or other
persons maintaining the family is either self-employed
or in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in
tracted areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD'S) in untracted areas, in which 20 percent or more of the
noninstitutional residents were poor according to the




1980 decennial census. Persons were classified as poor
or nonpoor by comparing money income to a series of
poverty income thresholds which vary by family size
and number of children. While poverty areas have a
substantial concentration of low-income residents,
many poor persons live outside these areas, aijd, conversely, the areas include many people who are not
poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the
total of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA's) as
defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
as of June 30, 1984. These definitions differ from those
used in the 1980 decennial census. A detailed discussion
of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology
can be found in ''The New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980 Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan Statistical Areas,
PC-S1-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist of the total
territory outside MSA's.
The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census,
comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in
places of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized
areas. More specifically, the urban population consists
of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New York), and towns (except in the
New England States, New York, and Wisconsin), but
excluding those persons living in the rural portions of
extended cities; and (2) other territories, incorporated
and unincorporated, included in urbanized areas. The
population not classified as urban constitutes the rural
population.
HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Change in lower age limit
The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor
force, employment, and unemployment was raised from
14 to 16 years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical series have been revised to provide consistent information based on the population 16 years and
over. For a detailed discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced at that time, including
estimates of their effect on the various series, see "New
Definitions for Employment and Unemployment/'
Employment and Earnings and Monthly Report on the
Labor Force, February 1967.
Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there
are several other periods of noncomparability in the
labor force data: (1) Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from the 1950 census into the estimating
procedures, population levels were raised by about
600,000; labor force, total employment, and
agricultural employment were increased by about
121

350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and
men; other categories were relatively unaffected. (2)
Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii
resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and about 300,000 in the labor force, four-fifths of
this increase was in nonagricultural employment; other
labor force categories were not appreciably affected. (3)
Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the
1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and
labor force and employment by about 200,000;
unemployment totals were virtually unchanged. (4)
Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census
was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by about 800,000; labor force and
employment totals were raised by a little more than
300,000; and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent population adjustment based on the 1970 census was introduced in March
1973. This adjustment, which affected the white and
black-and-other groups but had little effect on totals,
resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white
population and an increase of the same magnitude in the
black-and-other population. Civilian labor force and
total employment figures were affected to a lesser
degree; the white labor force was reduced by 150,000,
and the black-and-other labor force rose by about
210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not
significantly affected.
In addition, beginning in January 1974, the
methodology used to prepare independent estimates of
the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to
an inflation-deflation approach. This change in the
derivation of the estimates had its greatest impact on
estimates of 20- to 24-year-old men—particularly those
of the black-and-other population—but had little effect
on Estimates of the total population 16 years and over.
Additional information on the adjustment procedure
appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from
Inflation-Deflation Method of Estimation", in the
February 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings. (
Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration
of Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total
and black-and-other independent population controls
for persons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by
76,000—30,000 men and 46,000 women. The addition
of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all
of the changes were in the other population.
Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation
procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in
the civilian labor force and employment totals;
unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural changes and
an indication of the differences appear in *'Revisions in
122




the Current Population Survey in January 1978" in the
February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings. ,
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual
was determined by the household respondent for the incoming rotation group households, rather than by the
interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to
provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by
race. Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample
households had race determined by the household
respondent and seven-eighths of the sample households
had race determined by interviewer observation. It was
not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race
determined by the household respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio
estimation method was changed in the CPS estimation
procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for metropolitan and
nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for the total United
States. The reasoning behind the change and an indication of the differences appear in ' Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the
February 1979 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in " Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the
February 1982 issue of Employment and Earnings. In
addition, current population estimates used in the
second-stage estimation procedure are derived from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than
the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases in total population and estimates of persons in
all labor force categories. Rates for labor force
characteristics, however, remained virtually unchanged.
Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted back to
1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment
procedure used is also described in the February 1982
article cited above. The revisions did not, however,
smooth out the breaks in series occurring between 1972
and 1979 that are described above, and data users
should make allowances for them in making certain
data comparisons.
Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment methodology was updated to account for
results obtained from the 1980 census. The purpose of
the change and an indication of its effect on national
estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. Xhere were only slight differences
between the old and new procedures in estimates of
levels for the various labor force characteristics and vir-

tually no differences in estimates of participation rates.
Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the
CPS estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first and second-stage ratio adjustments, and
the composite estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes and an indication of
their effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Changes in Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of this
publication. Overall, the revisions had only a slight effect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on
estimates of persons of Hispanic origin. Major
estimates were revised back to January 1980.
Beginning in January 1986, the population controls
used in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology
were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number
of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since
1980 and an improved estimate of the number of legal
foreign-born emigrants for the same time period. As a
result, the total civilian population and labor force
estimates were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian
employment was increased by about 350,000. The
Hispanic-origin civilian population and labor force
estimates were raised by about 425,000 and 305,000,
respectively, and civilian employment by 270,000.
Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and rates
were not significantly affected. Because of the
magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data have
been revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An explanation of the changes and their effect on
estimates of labor force characteristics appears in
"Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the
February 1986 issue of this publication.

and February 1972 issues, respectively, of Employment
and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census
were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from
those developed for the 1970 census which were used in
the CPS from January 1971 through December 1982.
The 1980 census occupational classification system
evolved from the Standard Occupational Classification
system (soc). While the CPS occupational data are now
comparable with other data sources, the new system is
so radically different in concepts and nomenclature
from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical
data are not possible without major adjustments. For
example, the 1980 major group "sales occupations" is
substantially larger than the 1970 category "sales
workers". Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors
in retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980
census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system , as modified in 1977. The
adoption of the new system had much less of an adverse
effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most notable changes from the
1970 system were the transfer of farm equipment stores
from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal service from
"public administration" to "transportation", and
some interchange between "professional and related
services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational and industrial classification systems appears in
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning
in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings.

Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems

Changes in the sample design

Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational
employment data was affected as a result of changes in
the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were introduced into the CPS. Comparability
was further affected in December 1971, when a question
relating to major activity or duties was added to the
monthly CPS questionnaire in order to determine more
precisely the occupational classification of individuals.
As a result of these changes, meaningful comparisons of
occupational employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and prior years nor between those 2
years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of the changes in the
occupational classification system, see ' 'Revisions in
Occupational Classifications for 1971" and ' 'Revisions
in the Current Population Survey" in the February 1971




Since the inception of the survey, there have been
various changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of
these changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the
reliability of the sample estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census
is to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of
sample areas and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally. In 1953, the current rotation plan
was introduced in which a sample unit is interviewed for
4 months, leaves the sample for 8 months, and then
returns to the sample for another 4 months. When
Alaska and Hawaii achieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to account for the population in
these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major
portion of the sample from census address lists was
123

begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected
using area sampling. Following the 1970 census, the
ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous cluster of six housing units to a usually contiguous cluster of four housing units. In January 1978, a
supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in
24 States and the District of Columbia and designed to
provide more reliable annual average estimates for
States, was incorporated into the design. In October
1978 a coverage improvement sample, composed of approximately 450 sample household units which
represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and
600,000 new construction housing units, was included in
computing the estimates in order to provide coverage of
mobile homes and new construction units that previously had no chance for selection in the CPS sample selected
from the 1970 census frame. In January 1980, another
supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected in 32
States and the District of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample reduction of about 6,000 units
was implemented in May 1981. Beginning in January
1982, the sample was expanded by 100 households to
provide additional coverage in counties added to
SMSA's, which were redefined in 1973.
Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was
selected based on 1980 census information rather than
1970 census information. The selection of new sample
areas provided an opportunity to improve the efficiency
of the sample design. Sample areas chosen to replace incoming sample areas account for only 10 percent of the
national estimate. The new CPS sample has resulted in
increased reliability for State estimates with a slightly
reduced sample size. The reliability of national
estimates is unaffected. Sample households are chosen
from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973
geographic areas in the United States. This current
number of sample areas is not completely comparable to
the old number of sample areas since many of the sample areas have been redefined. (See pp. 7-10 of the May
1984 issue of Employment and Earnings, for an over^
view of these new definitions and the introduction of the
new sample.)
Table A provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use during the different data collection periods. A more detailed account of the history
of the CPS sample design appears in the Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Technical Paper
No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or Concepts and
Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived From
the Current Population Survey, Report 463, Bureau of
Labor Statistics.
ESTIMATING METHODS

Under the estimating methods used in the CPsi all of
the results for a given month become available
simultaneously and are based on returns from the entire
124




panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data from each sample person by
the inverse of the probability of the person being in the
sample. This gives a rough measure of the number of actual persons that the sample person represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons within the same
State will have the same probability of selection. These
estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the
ratio estimation procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed households are adjusted to the extent needed to
account for occupied sample households for which no
information was obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability of the
respondents for other reasons. This noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations of similar
sample areas that are not necessarily contained within a
State. Similarity of sample areas is based on
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size.
Within each combination of sample areas there is a further breakdown by residence. MS A sample areas are
categorized by central city and the balance of the MSA.
Residence categories of non-MSA areas are urban and
rural. The proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent, depending on
weather, vacation, etc.
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population
selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by
chance, from that of the population as a whole, in such
characteristics as age, race, sex, and residence. Since
these characteristics are closely correlated with labor
force participation and other principal measurements
made from the sample, the survey estimates can be
substantially improved when weighted appropriately by
the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages
of ratio estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of
the 729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas
not in the sample; the remainder of the sample areas
represent only themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was designed to reduce the portion of the
variance resulting from requiring sample areas to represent nonsample areas. Therefore, this procedure is not
applied to sample areas which represent only
themselves. The adjustment is made at the State level
for each of the 43 States which contains nonsample
areas by race cells of black and non-black. The procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell at
the time of the 1980 census between the race distribution
of the population in sample areas and the known race
distribution of the State.

Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date
Households eligible
Time period

Aug.1947 to Jan.1954
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956
May 1956 to Dec. 1959
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966
Jan. 1967 to July 1971
Aug. 1971 to July 1972
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979
Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981
May 1981 to Dec. 1984
Jan. 1985 to present

Number of sample
areas

Interviewed

Not interviewed

Households visited but
not eligible

68
230
330
2
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729

21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000

500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500

3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8.500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000

1

1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in each State and the District of Columbia.

b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted to the distribution of independent current
estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population in
the same categories. The second-stage ratio adjustment
which is performed to further reduce variability of the
estimates and to correct to some extent for CPS undercoverage relative to the decennial census, is carried out
in three steps. In the first step, the sample estimates are
adjusted within each State and the District of Columbia
to an independent control for the population 16 years
and over. The second step involves an adjustment by Hispanic origin to a national estimate for 8
age-sex categories by Hispanic and non-Hispanic. In the
third step, a national adjustment is made by the race
categories of white, black, and other races to independent estimates by age and sex. The white and black
categories contain 32 age-sex groups each while the
other races category has 6 age-sex cells. The entire
second-stage adjustment procedure is iterated six times,
each time beginning at the weights developed the
previous time. This ensures that the sample estimates of
the population for both State and national age-sex-raceorigin categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure incorporates changes instituted in
January 1985. The nature and effect of these changes
are discussed in detail in "Changes in Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of Employment and Earnings.
The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend in the growth of this segment of
the population from the April 1, 1980, census through
the latest available July 1 estimate, adjusted as a last
step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of this
group. State estimates by age for July 1 are published
annually in Current Population Reports, Series P-25.
For a description of the methodology used in developing




2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and
Hawaii after statehood.

the State total, use Report 640 of that series. A description of the age estimates methodology is available upon
request from the Chief of the Population Division, U.S.
Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. 20233.
Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control
for Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These
Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the
1980 census count for Hispanics by adding estimated
Hispanic births and immigrants and subtracting
estimated Hispanic deaths and emigrants to yield an
estimate of the Hispanic population by age and sex.
During the period from January 1982 to December
1984, the "inflation-deflation" method was temporarily discontinued in the preparation of the independent
national controls used for the age-sex-race groups in the
third step of the second-stage ratio estimation procedure. These controls were prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census data after taking account of subsequent aging of the population, births, deaths, and net
migration and then subtracting the estimate for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in
January 1985, the "inflation-deflation" method of
deriving independent population controls was reintroduced into the CPS estimation procedure. With the
"inflation-deflation" method, the independent controls
are prepared by inflating the 1980 census counts to include estimated undercounts by age, sex and race, aging
this population forward to each subsequent month and
later age by adding births and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These post-censal population estimates
are then deflated to census level to reflect the pattern of
net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex,
and race. Because an estimate of undercount is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex group
is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method.
Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age
structure of the undercount, but not the level. This
feature of the method is important since the exact
amount of undercount in the 1980 census remains
unknown.
125

Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and
the estimate date are based on tabulations of vital
statistics for the resident population made by the National Center for Health Statistics and data on deaths of
military personnel overseas from the Department of
Defense. Estimates of net civilian immigration are based
on data provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Department of Defense, the Office of
Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning
Board. The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas. The institutional
population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived from the 1980 census to the total
population, including Armed Forces overseas for the
estimate date. All computations described above are
performed in cells defined by single year of age, race,
and sex. The independent national control totals are
then obtained by collapsing these cells into broader age
groups for the population 16 years and older.
Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced into the estimation of the independent population controls. For the first time, an explicit allowance
for net undocumented immigration since April 1, 1980
(the census date) was added to the estimated level of
legal immigration. In addition, an increase in the
estimate of emigration of legal foreign-born residents
has been incorporated into the postcensal population
estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of these
changes are discussed in detail in ''Changes in the
Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue
of Employment and Earnings.
3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics
for a given month, a composite estimating procedure is
used which takes account of net changes from the
previous month for continuing parts of the sample (75
percent), as well as the sample results for the current
month. Also included is an additional term which is an
estimate of the net difference between incoming and
continuing parts of the current month's sample. Almost
all estimates oi month-to-month change are improved
by this procedure, and most estimates of level are also
improved, but to a lesser extent.
Rounding of estimates

The sums of individual items may not always equal
the totals shown in the same tables because of independent rounding of totals and components to the nearest
thousand. Similarly, sums of percent distributions may
not always equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates

There are two types of errors possible in an estimate
126




based on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling.
The standard errors provided primarily indicate the
magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially
measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in
response and enumeration but do not measure any
systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is unknown, but special studies have been conducted
to quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the
CPS, as discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative change, such
as-month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels
would be more severely affected by the nonsampling
error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to
many sources, e.g., inability to obtain information
about all cases in the sample, definitional difficulties,
differences in the interpretation of questions, inability
or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall information, errors made
in collection such as in recording or coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made in
estimating values for missing data, and failure to represent all sample households and all persons within sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase
of the survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is used to estimate various
sources of error as well as to evaluate and control the
work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected through reinterview at
regular intervals. The results indicate, among other
things, that the data published from the CPS are subject
to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS
reinterview program and some of the other results may
be found in the Current Population Survey Reinterview
Program, January 1961 through December 1966.
Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in the CPS data can be examined as a result of the
rotation plan used for the sample, since the level of the
estimates varies by rotation group. A description of
these effects appears in the "The Effects of Rotation
Group Bias on Estimates from Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American Statistical
Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households.
Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage is about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS
undercoverage varies with age, sex, race and Hispanic
origin. Generally, undercoverage is larger for men than
for women, and larger for blacks, Hispanics and other

races combined than for whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-race-origin population controls, as
described previously, partially corrects for the biases
due to survey undercoverage. However, biases exist in
the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed
households or missed persons in interviewed households
have different characteristics than interviewed persons
in the same age-sex-race-origin group. Further, the independent population controls used have not been adjusted for undercoverage in the 1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the
CPS appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as
Measured by the Current Population Survey/' by
Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy
Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards; in "The
Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin
Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and
Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and in The
Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce. This last document includes
a comprehensive discussion of various sources of error
and describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a
measure of sampling variability, that is, of the variation
that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the
entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and
its estimated standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, ranges that would include the average
of all possible samples with a known probability. For
example, if all possible samples were selected, each of
these surveyed under essentially the same general conditions and using the same sample design, and an estimate
and its estimated error were calculated from each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from
one standard error below the estimate to one standard
error above the estimate would include the average
result of all possible samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard error
above the estimate would include the average of all
possible samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2
standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors
above the estimate would include the average result of
all possible samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a large number of estimates and could be
prepared at a moderate cost, a number of approximations are required. First, the standard errors in this
volume reflect the sample design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State




estimates. Thus, these standard errors may slightly
overstate the standard errors applicable to the present
design. Second, instead of computing an individual
standard error for each estimate, generalized sets of
standard errors are computed for various types of
characteristics. This generalization yields more stable
estimates of the standard errors. Consequently, the sets
of standard errors provided give an indication of the
order of magnitude of the standard error of an estimate
rather than the precise standard error.
Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for
major employment status characteristics for monthly
estimates and for changes for consecutive months.
These standard errors are applicable to the level of the
estimates in recent months (1985 annual averages).
Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors for monthly level and month-to-month change for
estimated totals, unemployment rates, and percentages.
Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly
level and month-to-month change for percentages.
Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in.
the table may be approximated by linear interpolation.
The standard error for estimated changes from one
month to the next is more closely related to the monthly
level for the characteristic than to the size of the specific
month-to-month change itself. Thus, in order to use the
generalized standard errors for month-to-month change
as given in the tables of standard errors, it is necessary
to obtain the monthly estimate for the characteristic. It
should be noted that the tables of standard errors for
month-to-month change apply only to estimates of
change between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of
change for nonconsecutive months are subject to higher
standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with
tables D, F, H, and I to compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor force participation rates, and
percentages as pertaining to the year-to-year change of
monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in
quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in
yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes
in quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the
standard errors must be adjusted due to the differences
in the sample size. For years prior to 1956, the standard
errors should be multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66
period, they should be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard errors for quarterly estimates
of persons and families for use with the CPS earnings
data.
Standard errors for estimated totals, fables D and E
provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals
and for month-to-month change. The figures given in
these tables are to be used for the characteristics as indicated.
127

Table B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(In thousands)
Standard error of—
Employment status, sex,
age, and race

Monthly
level

j

•

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and overCivilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Month-tomonth
change (consecutive
months only)

244
263
131

187
200
134

148
162
89

127
141
91

189
190
82

140
144
85

83
86
57

91
97
63

82
92
65

63
70
67

49
56
43

43
50
46

67
67
43

44
48
46

33
30
30

37
34
32

Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number
of persons working a specific number of hours was
12,000,000, an increase of 400,000 over the previous
month. Linear interpolation in the second column of
table D shows that the standard error on an estimate of
12,000,000 is about 159,000. The 68-percent confidence
interval as shown by these data is from 11,841,000 to
12,159,000. Therefore, a conclusion that the average
estimate derived from all possible samples lies within a
range computed in this way would be correct for
roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that
the standard error of a month-to-month change is
primarily dependent on the size of the monthly estimate.
Thus, using linear interpolation in the first column of
table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change
of 400,000, when the monthly level is approximately
12,000,000, is about 118,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages: The reliability of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated
percentage, computed using sample data for both
numerator and denominator, depends upon both the
size of the rate or percentage and the total upon which
the rate or percentage is based. Estimated rates and
percentages are relatively more reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator of the rates or
percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of
50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are
not published when the monthly base is less than 75,000,
the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or the annual average base is less than 35,000.

Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics
Standard error of—
Characteristic

Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White workers
Black workers
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over

Monthly level

Consecutive
month change

0.11
.15
.17
.65
.11
52
.15
.21
.12
.34
.06

0.12
.15
.18
.77
.12
.54
.16
.23
.12
.42
.08

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technicians and related support
Sales
Administrative support, including clerica.
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective

128




.21
.18
.49
.29
.24
1.07
.67

.24
.20
.55
.32
.26
1.20
.76

.38

.43

Standard error of—
Characteristic

Monthly level

Consecutive
month change

0.32

0.35

.50
.57

.57
.64

.70
.65

.80
.73

.13
1.37
.65
.27
.34
.42

.14
1.56
.74
.30
.38
.48

.41
.26
.20
.18
1.22

.46
.29
.22
.19
1.40

Occupation—Continued
Precision production, craft, and repair
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Industry
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(In thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural employment data
Estimated monthly level

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000...
15,000 ...
20,000 ...
30,000 ...
40,000 ...
50,000 ...
60,000 ...
70,000 ...
80,000 ...
100,000.
120,000.

Agricultural
employment

14
19
43
61
85
120
146,

Total or
white

11
15
34
48
68
95
116
133
147
177
201
236
261
278
288
293
293
273
231

Black

11
15
34
47
64
84
94
97
94
50

Total or
Black men
Total or
Black, 16 to white men
only, or
white, 16 to
only, or
19 years
women only
19 years
women only
11
15
33
46
63
80
86
83
70

11
15
29
33

10
14
32
45
63
87
105
120
132
155
170
188
189
175
141
61

10
14
31
42
55
66
58
23

Unemployment
Total or
white

10
15
33
47
66
93
113
129
143
172
195

Black

11
16
35
49
67
88
99

1
When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group
which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard
error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error

on the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use
the column for total employed.

Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for
monthly level and month-to-month change for
unemployment rates. Generalized standard errors for
estimated monthly percentages and estimated month-tomonth change in percentage can be obtained through
the use of the standard errors in table H and the factors
in table I. First obtain the standard error from table H
for the specific percentage and base. The generalized
standard error is then calculated by multiplying the
standard error from table H by the appropriate factor
from table I. When the numerator and denominator of
the percentage are in different categories, use the factor
indicated by the numerator of the percentage.
Illustration, Assume that in a given month 3.6 percent
of a total of 90,771,000 employed persons are employed
in agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 3.6
percent with a base of 90,771,000 is obtained from table
H (0.09 percent). The appropriate factor from table I
for the numerator of the percentage, agricultural
employment, is 1.26. The generalized standard error on
the estimated 3.6 percent is then approximately 0.09 x
1.26 = 0.1 percentage point.

monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in
quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in
yearly averages may be obtained by using table J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for
estimates of change are more closely related to the level
of the estimate than to the size of the specific change.
Thus, to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an
average level, rate, or percentage, or an estimate of a
change in level, rate, or percentage, it is first necessary
to find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate
of an average level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For an estimate of change in
level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of the
average of the two estimates affecting the change. Then,
after computing the standard error by treating these
estimates as monthly estimates and using the procedures
above, multiply this result by a suitable factor from
table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the
average or change.

Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly
estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly
averages, yearly averages, and changes in yearly
averages. Jhe approximate standard errors of levels,
rates, and percentages involving year-to-year change of




Illustration. Suppose that one is interested in the yearto-year change of a monthly unemployment rate.
Assume that for a certain month the unemployment rate
is 6.9 percent, based on a total of 95,676,000 in the
civilian labor force, and that a year prior to this the
unemployment rate was 6.1 percent, based on a total of
94,254,000 in the civilian labor force for the month.
First the standard error on the average of the two
129

estimates, 6.5 percent with a base of 94,965,000, is obtained from table F (0.12 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then
given by 0.12 x 1.40 = 0.17 percentage point.
The approximate standard error of levels involving
year-to-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to
CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using table K in conjunction with the following formula:
Standard
error of
year-to-year

\

error /

* \

error

/ 2(P)

Where X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the
estimate for another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a
measure of the correlation between the estimates X and
Y resulting from the presence of some of the same

respondents in the sample for each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of quarterly estimates, the
values of P are .30 for persons (total, white, and black)
and .35 for families (total, white, and black). The
respective values for estimates of Hispanics are .45 and
.55.
Illustration. Assume that in a given quarter the number
of women employed as full-time wage and salary
workers was 27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year
later, their number had increased to 29,000,000. Using
linear interpolation in the eighth column of table K, the
standard error of an estimate of 27,000,000 is 216,000;
for 29,000,000 it is 221,000. Using the above formula,
the standard error of the 2,000,000, year-to-year change
is:

V(216,000) 2

+

(221,000) 2

•2 (.30) (216,000)

(22] ,000),

or about 259,000.

Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(In thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural
employment data

Unemployment

Estimated monthly level

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000 ....
120,000 ....
1
2

Total or white

Black

8
11
25
36
50
70
86
98
109
131
148
174
191
203
210
212
211
193
153

8
11
25
35
47
62
70
73
71
42

Both sexes 16
Total or white, Black, 16 to
to 19 years, or
Total or white
16 to 19 years
19 years
part-time labor
force2
13
18
39
54
72
88
88
71

See footnote 1, table D.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons

130




13
18
34
36

12
16
37
51
72
99
118
132
143
160
165

13
18
40
54
70
78
60

Black

12
17
38
52
69
85
87

Black, 16 to
19 years

12
18
35
37

reentering the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by
duration of unemployment.

Table F. Standard errors for unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)

Monthly base of unemployment rate (In
thousands)
50
100
500
1,000 ...
2,000 ...
4,000 ...,
6,000 ....
10,000..
20,000 ..
60,000 ..
100,000

2.09
1.48
.66
.47
.33
.23
.19
.15
.10
.06
.05

2.94
2.08
.93
.66
.46
.33
.27
.21
.15
.08
.07

4.57
3.23
1.45
1.02
.72
.51
.42
.32
.23
.13
.10

10

15

20

25

30

35

50

6.28
4.44
1.99
1.40
.99
.70
.57
.44
.31
.18
.14

7.46
5.28
2.36
1.67
1.18
.83
.68
.53
.37
.21
.17

8.34
5.90
2.64
1.87
1.32
.93
.76
.59
.42
.24
.19

9.01
6.37
2.85
2.01
1.42
1.01
.82
.64
.45
.26
.20

9.05
6.73
3.01
2.13
1.50
1.06
.87
.67
.47
.27
.21

9.87
6.98
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.27
.22

10.21
7.22
3.27
2.28
1.61
1.14
.93
.72
.51
.29
.22

Table G. Standard errors for month-to-month change in unemployment rates
Monthly base of unemployment rate (In
thousands)
50
100
500 .
1,000
2 000
4,000 . . .
6,000
10 000
20,000
60 000
100,000 .

.

Monthly unemployment rate ( percent)
1

2

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

50

2.32
1.64
.73
.52
.37
.26
.21
.16
.12
.07
.05

3.28
2.32
1.04
.73
.52
.37
.30
.23
.16
.09
.07

5.14
3.64
1.63
1.15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.25
.14
.11

7.18
5.08
2.27
1.60
1.13
.80
.65
.50
.35
.19
.14

8.69
6.14
2.74
1.94
1.37
.96
.78
.60
.42
.22
.15

9.90
7.00
3.13
2.21
1.56
1.10
.89
.68
.47
.23
.15

10.93
7.12
3.45
2.44
1.72
1.20
.98
.75
.51
.24

11.81
8.35
3.73
2.63
1.85
1.30
1.05
.80
.54

12.58
8.89
3.97
2.80
1.97
1.38
1.11

14.48
10.17
4.53
3.19
2.24
1.56
_
_
_
_

Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for labor force
data
Monthly base of percentages
(In thousands)
50
100
500
1,000....
2,000 ....
4,000 ....
6,000 ....
10,000..
20,000 ..
40,000 ..
60,000 ..
80,000 ..
100,000
160,000

Percentage of monthly level
1 or i

2 or I

2.14
1.51
.68
.48
.34
.24
.20
.15
.11
.08
.06
.05
.05
.04

3.01
2.13
.95
.67
.48
.34
.28
.21
.15
.11
.09
.08
.07
.05

5 or 95
4.69
3.32
1.48
1.05
.74
.52
.43
.33
.23
.17
.14
.12
.10
.08

10 or 90 15 or 85 20 or 80 25 or 75 30 or 70 35 or 65
6.46
4.57
2.04
1.44
1.02
.72
.59
.46
.32
.23
.19
.16
.14
.11

7.68
5.43
2.43
1.72
1.22
.86
.70
.54
.38
.27
.22
.19
.17
.13

8.61
6.09
2.72
1.92
1.36
.96
.79
.61
.43
.30
.25
.22
.19
.15

9.32
6.59
2.95
2.08
1.47
1.04
.85
.66
.47
.33
.27
.23
.21
.16

9.86
6.97
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.35
.28
.25
.22
.17

1,0.27
7.26
3.25
2.30
1.62
1.15
.94
.73
.51
.36
.30
.26
.23
.18

50
10.76
7.61
3.40
2.41
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
!38
.31
.27
.24
.19

NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specific
characteristic.




131

Table I. Factors to be used with Table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month
change in percentages
Factor

Factor
Characteristic

Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment data:
Total
Men only
Women only
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part-time labor force

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.26
1.26

1.05
1.50

.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18

1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00

Characteristic
Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.01

1.21

.97
.97

1.08
1.21

1.04
1.04

1.13
1.24

Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration of
unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Black:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Table J. Factors to be used with Tables, D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages
and change in yearly averages,
Factor
Characteristic

Year-to-year
change of monthly
estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in
yearly
averages

1.30
1.30

0.89
.83

0.80
.80

0.72
.58

0.70
.70

1.40

.74

.80

.46

.70

1.30

.88

.88

.67

.70

1.30
1.40

.82
.74

.88
.88

.57
.46

.70
.60

1.40
1.40

.76
.69

.88
.88

.50
.39

.65
.54

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Part time
Labor force data other than
agricultural employment and
unemployment data:
Total or white
Black or teenagers
(16 to 19 years)
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time

132




Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly level, to be used with CPS earnings data
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Men

Total
Estimated quarterly level

10
50
75
100
150
200
250
300
500
750
1,000 ...
1,500 ...
2,000 ...
2,500 ...
3,000 ...
5,000 ...
7,500 ...
10,000 .
15,000.
20,000 .
25,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
75,000 ..
100,000




Total or full-time workers

Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers

5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
76
83
107
130
149
180
205
226
224
273
296
331
343

Total or
white

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
85
93
119
145
165
198
224
244
261
286
301
304
255

Women

Part-time
workers
Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
46
53
63
72
79
85
100
107
102

5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
144
187
192
207
219
236

Total

White

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
117
140
157
183
199
209
212
201

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
116
138
155
179
193
199
198
174

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
29
37
45
50
59
65
69
71
64

Total, full-time, or
part-time workers
Total or
white

5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
145
173
195
211
224
242

Black
5
11
13
15
19
21
24
26
33
41
46
56
63
69
74
85

133

Establishment Data
(Tables B-1 through C-8)
Payroll reports provide current information on wage
and salary employment and hours and earnings in
nonagricultural establishments, by industry and
geographic location. Historical statistics are published
in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States,
1909-84, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States
and Areas, 1939-82 and their annual supplements.

All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the
Nation and for States and areas are classified in accordance with the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SICMJ,Office of Management and Budget.
The BLS tabulates and estimates statistics which
distinguish between private and public establishments,
thus maintaining continuity with previously published
statistics for the private and government sector.

Federal-State cooperation

Industry employment

COLLECTION

Under cooperative arrangements, responding
establishments report employment, hours, and earnings
data to State agencies. State agencies mail the forms to
the establishments and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the
reported data to prepare State and area series and also
send the reported data to the BLS (Washington Office)
for use in preparing the national series. This avoids a
duplicate reporting burden on establishments, and
together with the use of similar estimating techniques at
the national and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates.
Shuttle schedules

Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and
Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The
collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent
each month so that the next month's data can be entered
on the space alotted for that month. This "shuttle" procedure assures maximum comparability and accuracy of
reporting, since the respondent can see the figures that
have been reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total
number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of
nonagricultural establishments and, for most industries,
employment, payroll, and hours of production and
related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay
period which includes the 12th of the month.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification

Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are
classified into industries on the basis of their principal
product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. Since January 1980, this information
is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports filed by employers. For an
establishment making more than one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of
the establishment is included under the industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
134




Employment data, except those for the Federal
Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls
who received pay for any part of the pay period which
includes the 12th of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the
number of persons who occupied positions on the last
day of the calendar month. Intermittent workers are
counted if they performed any service during the
month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and
domestic workers. Salaried officers of corporations are
included. Government employment covers only civilian
employees; military personnel are excluded. Employees
of the Central Intelligence Agency and the National
Security Agency are also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid
sick leave (when pay is received directly from the firm),
on paid holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during
a part of the pay period even though they are
unemployed or on strike during the rest of the period
are counted as employed. Not counted as employed are
persons who are on layoff, on leave without pay, on
strike for the entire period, or who were hired but have
not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of changes in number of employees
on nonagricultural payrolls. These indexes measure the
percent of industries which posted increases in employment over the specified time span. The indexes are
calculated from 185 seasonally adjusted employment
series (two-digit nonmanufacturing industries and threedigit manufacturing industries) covering all nonagricultural payroll employment in the private sector. A
more detailed discussion of these indexes appears in
"Introduction of Diffusion Indexes," in the December
1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Industry hours and earnings

Average hours and earnings data are derived from
reports of payrolls and hours for production and related

workers in manufacturing and mining, construction
workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees
in private service-producing industries.
Production and related workers include working
supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including
group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage,
handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking,
hauling, maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services,
product development, auxiliary production for plant's
own use (e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other
services closely associated with the above production
operation.
Construction workers include the following
employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices,
helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether
working at the site of construction or working in shops
or yards at jobs (such as precutting and preassembling)
ordinarily performed by members of the construction
trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not
above the working supervisory level) such as office and
clerical workers, repairers, salespersons, operators,
drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social
workers, research aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers,
custodial workers, attendants, line installers and
repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services
are closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who
received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. The payroll is reported
before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and
unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding
tax, bonds, or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation, and sick leave paid directly by
the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and paid regularly each
pay period); other pay not earned in the pay period
reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips; and the value of
free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such as health and other
types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc.,
paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period
which includes the 12th of the month for production,
construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are
hours paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave
when pay is received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production
or related workers for which overtime premiums were




paid because the hours were in excess of the number of
hours of either the straight-time workday or the
workweek during the pay period which included the
12th of the month. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums were paid. Hours for
which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other
similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information
relates to the average hours for which pay was received
and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such
factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, parttime work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to
be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further reflect changes in the
workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly
figures for 1977. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product of average weekly hours and
production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry aggregation, hours
agregates are the sum of the component aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent
that portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for which overtime premiums were
paid. If an employee were to work on a paid holiday at
regular rates, receiving as total compensation his or her
holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked
that day, no overtime hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from month to month; for
example, overtime premiums may be paid for hours in
excess of the straight-time workday although less than a
full week is worked. Diverse trends at the industry
group level also may be caused by a marked change in
hours for a component industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current
months. In addition, such factors as stoppages,
absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same
influence on overtime hours as on average hours.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are
on a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in
basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such
variable factors as premium pay for overtime and lateshift work and changes in output of workers paid on an
incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of
employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid
work and changes in workers' earnings in individual
135

establishments. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates.
Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated
period of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a
given unit of work or time. The earnings series do not
measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the
employer since the following are excluded: Irregular
bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare
benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings
for those employees not covered under the production
worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage
payments. This series is compiled only for aircraft
manufacturing, sic 3721. The same concepts and
estimation methods apply to this series as apply to the
average hourly earnings series described above; the one
difference between the two series is definitional. The
payroll data used to calculate this series include lumpsum payments made to production workers in lieu of
general wage rate increases; such payments are excluded
from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate
the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in sic 3721 covered by
a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data are
adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year
and cover the following 12-month period. In order to
spread the payment across this time period, a prorated
portion of the payment is added to the payroll each
month. This prorated portion is adjusted by an exit rate
to reduce the lump-sum amount to account for persons
who received the payment but left before the payment
allocation period expired.

number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by
the number of employees, as defined above. Average
weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average
weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
A verage weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average
hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings
are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but also by changes in the length of the workweek.
Monthly variations in such factors as the proportion of
part-time workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor
turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for
which employees are not paid may cause the average
workweek to fluctuate.
Long-time trends of average weekly earnings can be
affected by structural changes in the makeup of the
work force. For example, persistent long-term increases
in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade
and many of the services industries have reduced
average workweeks in these industries and have affected
the average weekly earnings series.
Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are
calculated from the earnings averages for the current
month using a deflator derived from the Consumer
Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W).
ESTIMATING METHODS

The principal features of the procedure used to
estimate employment for the establishment statistics are
(1) the use of the "link relative" technique, which is a
form of ratio estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of
employment levels to new benchmarks; and (3) the use
of size and regional stratification.
The "link relative" technique

Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average
hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay, are
computed by dividing the total production worker
payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours and one-half of total overtime
hours. No adjustments are made for other premium
payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift
work, and overtime rates other than time and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I
railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies)
are based on monthly data summarized in the M-300
report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and
relate to all employees except executives, officials, and
staff assistants (ice group I) who received pay during
the month. Average hourly earnings are computed by
dividing total compensation by total hours paid for.
Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total
136




From a sample composed of establishments reporting
for both the previous and current months, the ratio of
current-month employment to that of the previous
month is computed. This is called a "link relative." The
estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the
current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates
for the previous month by these "link relatives." In addition, bias correction factors are applied to selected
employment estimates each month. The size of the bias
correction factors is determined from past benchmark
comparisons. Beginning with data for April 1983, these
factors are modified by changes in the sample link
relatives for the most recent quarter. Other features of
the general procedures are described in table L.
Size and regional stratification

A number of industries are stratified by size of

Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Employment, hours,
and earnings

Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or
region/size cell)

Aggregate industry level (division and,
where stratified, industry)

Monthly data
All employees

All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells.
by ratio of all employees in current month to all
employees in previous month, for sample establishments which reported for both months.1

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
All-employees estimate for current month multiplied Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker
employees
by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory work- estimates, or estimates of women employees, for
ers to all employees in sample establish- component cells.
ments for current month, (2) estimated ratio of women
to all employees.2
Average weekly hours

Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory
by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2 worker employment, of the average weekly hours for
component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours

Production worker overtime hours divided by number Average, weighted by production worker employment,
of the average weekly overtime hours for comof production workers.2
ponent cells.

Average hourly earnings

Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average
hourly earnings for component cells.
divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker
hours.2

Average weekly earnings

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.
earnings.
Annual average data

All employees, women employees, and
production or nonsupervisory workers

Average weekly hours

Average weekly overtime hours

Average hourly earnings

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or non- Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied supervisory workers divided by annual sum of
by average weekly hours) divided by annual employment for these workers.
sum of employment.
Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (pro- Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for
duction worker employment multiplied by production workers divided by aryiual sum of
average weekly overtime hours) divided employment for these workers.
by annual sum'of employment.
Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of pro- Annual total of aggregate^ payrolls divided by
duction or nonsupervisory worker employment annual aggregate hours.
by weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided
by annual aggregate hours.
Product of average weekly
hourly earnings.

Average weekly earnings
1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly
hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by




Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

hours and average Product of average weekly
hourly earnings.

hours and average

a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising
mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure
accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at
the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest
sample average.

137

establishment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the
hours and earnings into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment,
hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a
whole industry or a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size
stratum of a region within an industry.
Benchmark adjustments
Employment estimates are compared periodically with
benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for
the various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate adjustments are made as indicated. The industry estimates
are currently projected from March 1985 levels. Normally,
benchmark adjustments are made annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are
employment data, by industry, compiled quarterly by
State agencies from reports of establishments covered
under State unemployment insurance laws. These
tabulations cover about 97 percent of employees on
nonagricultural payrolls in the United States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained from the records
of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate
Commerce Commission, and a number of other agencies in private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared
with new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new
benchmark and the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month by use of the sample trends. Thus,
under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish
the level of employment; the sample is used to measure the
month-to-month changes in the level. A comparison of the
actual amounts of revisions made at the time of the March
1985 benchmark adjustment is shown in table M.
Data for all months since the last benchmark to which
the series has been adjusted are subject to revision. Revised
data are published as soon as possible after each benchmark revision.
Table M. Comparison of nonagricultural employment
benchmarks and estimates for March 1985
Industry
Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government
1

Less than 0.05 percent.

138




Benchmark

Estimate

Percent
difference

96,042,000

96,045,000

933,000
4,241,000

962,000
4,180,000

19,295,000

19,399,000

-3.1
1.4
-.5

5,155,000
5,654,000
16,782,000

5,205,000
5,681,000
16,818,000

-1.0
-.5
-.2

5,825,000
21,561,000
16,596,000

5,796,000
21,536,000
16,468,000

.5
.1

THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the Current Employment
Statistics program is known as "sampling proportionate to
average size of establishment." This design is an optimum
allocation design among strata since the sampling variance
is proportional to the average size of establishments.
Under this type of design, large establishments fall into the
sample with certainty. The size of the sample for the
various industries is determined empirically on the basis of
experience and of cost considerations. In a manufacturing
industry in which a high proportion of total employment is
concentrated in relatively few establishments, a larger percent of total employment is included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for such industries provides for
a complete census of the large establishments, with only a
few chosen from among the smaller establishments or
none at all if the concentration of employment is great
enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large
proportion of total employment is in small establishments,
the sample design calls for inclusion of all large establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones.
Many industries in the trade and services divisions fall into
this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be
handled by available resources, it is necessary to design
samples for these industries with a smaller proportion of
universe employment than is the case for most manufacturing industries. Since individual establishments in these
nonmanufacturing divisions generally show less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than do
establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller
samples (in terms of employment) generally produce
reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS Current Employment Statistics
program, with its emphasis on producing timely data at
minimum cost, a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of a sufficiently large segment of the
universe to provide reasonably reliable estimates that can
be published promptly and regularly. The present sample
meets these specifications for most industries. With its use,
the BLS is able to produce preliminary estimates each
month for many industries and for many geographic levels
within a few weeks after the reference period, and, at a
somewhat later date, statistics in considerably greater industrial detail.
Coverage
The BLS sample of establishment employment and
payrolls is the largest monthly sampling operation in the
field of social statistics. Table N shows the approximate
proportion of total employment in each industry division
covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly
employment data. The coverage for individual industries
within the division may vary from the proportions shown.
Reliability of the employment estimates
Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment sample assures a high degree of accuracy, the
estimates derived from it may differ from the figures that
would be obtained if it were possible to take a complete

Table N. Approximate size and coverage of BLS employment
and payrolls sample, March 19851

Industry

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurnace, and
real estate
Services
Government:
Federal2
State
Local

Number
of establishments
in sample

Employees
Number
reported

243,000 38,173,000

Percent of
total
40

3,600
40
374,000
20
22,500
858,000
52,000 10,654,000 " , ^ - 5 5
11,500 2,409,000 ^ 4 7
22,300 1,042,000 fo 18
42,400 3,319,000 © 20
17,100
48,500

2,091,000
5,267,000

36
24

5,100
3,800
14,200

2,839,000
3,087,000
6,233,000

100
79
63

1
Since a few establishments do not report payroll and hours
information, hours and earnings estimates may be based on a slightly
smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
National estimates of Federal employment by agency are provided to
BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates
for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal
employment, are based on a sample of 5,100 reports covering about 64
percent of employment in Federal establishments.

census using the same schedules and procedures. As
discussed under the previous section, a "link relative"
technique is used to estimate employment. This requires
the use of the previous month's estimate as the base in
computing the current month's estimate. Thus, small
sampling and response errors may accumulate over
several months. To remove this accumulated error, the
estimates are usually adjusted annually to new benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and
response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts the
estimates for changes in the industrial classification of
individual establishments (resulting from changes in
their product which are not reflected in the levels of
estimates until the data are adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed industry levels,
particularly within manufacturing, changes in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments.
Another cause of differences arises from improvements
in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O presents
the average percent revisions of the five most recent
benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed
descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are
1
available from the Bureau upon request.
The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating
cells are not subject to benchmark revisions, although
the broader groupings may be affected slightly by
changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings
estimates, however, are subject to sampling errors,
which may be expressed as relative errors of the
estimates. (A relative error is a standard error expressed
as a percent of the estimate.) Relative errors for major
industries are presented in table O and for individual industries with the specified number of employees in table
P. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours and
earnings estimates from the sample would differ by a




smaller percentage than the relative error from the
averages that would have been obtained from a complete census.
One measure of the reliability of the employment
estimates for individual industries is the root-meansquare error (RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in estimates:
RMSE =

^/(Standard Deviation)2

+ (Bias)2

If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that
an estimate from the sample would differ from its
benchmark by less than the root-mean-square error.
The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the difference
would be less than twice the root-mean-square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based
on the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences
between final estimates and benchmarks are presented
in table P.
For the two most recent months, estimates of employment, hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so
footnoted in the tables. These figures are based on less
than the total sample and are revised when all the
reports in the sample have been received. Table Q
presents root-mean-square errors of the amounts of
revisions that may be expected between the preliminary
and final levels of employment and preliminary and
final month-to-month changes. Revisions of
preliminary hours and earnings estimates are normally
not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1
cent for hourly earnings.
STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS

State and area employment, hours, and earnings data
Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment
estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)

Industry

Total
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Services
Government3

Average
benchmark revision in
estimates
of employment1

0.2
.3
2.9
1.6
.6
.7
.6
.4
.3
1.2
3
.2
.4

Relative
errors2
Average
weekly
hours

0.1
1.0
.2
.1
.1
.1
.7
.2
.2
.2
.4

Average
hourly
earnings

0.2
1.3
.5
.2
.3
.2
.6
.4
.4
.4

1
The average percent revision in employment for the 1981-85
benchmarks.
2
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
3
Estimates for government are based on a total count for Federal
Government provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a
sample of State and local government reports.

139

Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings
Relative error2
(in percent)
Size of employment estimate

50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000

2,100
3,900
5,600
14,000

1,000,000
2,000,000

15,000
26,000

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan

areas. Definitions for all areas are published each year
in the issue of Employment and Earnings that contains
State and area annual averages (usually the May issue).
Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be obtained from the State
agencies listed on the inside back cover of each issue.
These statistics are based on the same establishment
reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates.
For employment, the sum of the State figures may differ
slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a
national basis, because some States have more recent
benchmarks than others and because of the effects of
differing industrial and geographic stratification.
For the States and the areas shown in the B and C sections of this periodical, all the annual average data for
the detailed industry statistics currently published by
each cooperating State agency are presented in a summary volume published annually by the BLS.

Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Root-mean-squar error
of-

Root-mean-squar error
ofIndustry

Industry
Monthly
level
110,000

101,100

Totai private1

63,100

56,800

Goods-producing

35,200

29,400

5,500
4,600

5,300
4,300

Construction
General building contractors1

18,300
7,900

13,500
5,400

Manufacturing

28,700

27,200

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic
steel products1
Fabricated metai products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic
equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and
equipment1
Instruments and related
products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

22,100
3,800
3,000
2,300
6,100

20,200
3,200
2,400
2,100
5,900

5,000
4,600
8,700

4,900
3,900
7,800

6,200
13,200

6,400
11,800

10,000

10,200

2,200
2,000

2,100
2,000

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparei and other textile
products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing

11,800
8,500
1,600
2,700

11,700
8,600
1,500
2,700

6,500
1,900
2,400

6,100
1,700
2,500

Total

Mining
Oil and gas extraction1

1
Data are based on differences from January 1981 through December
1985; all other data reflect differences from January 1980 through December
1985.

140




Monthly
level

Month-to-month
change
Nondurable goods—Continued
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics
products
Leather and leather products

Month-to-month
change

2,500
1,700

2,400
1,600

2,300
2,800

2,200
2,600

98,200

94,000

14,700
18,400

14,200
17,800

5,200

4,800

8 500
5,600
5,000

7,800
5,100
4,500

Retail trade1
General merchandise stores1
Food stores1
Automotive dealers and service
stations1
Eating and drinking places1

33,700
19.700
6,500

32,400
19,000
5,800

3,300
19,200

2,900
17,100

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance1
Insurance1
Real estate1

8,600
4,200
2,800
5,000

7,300
3,600
2,200
4,100

Services
Business services1
Health services1

32,200
12,900
10,500

27,900
10,800
10,200

Government
Federal
State1
Locai1

72,400
18,200
26,200
38,800

66,100
15,100
24,700
35,900

Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation1
Communication and public
utilities1
1

Wholesale trade
Durable goods1
Nondurable goods1

Productivity Data
(Tables C-9 through C-11)
COLLECTION

Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics from establishment data and from
estimates of compensation and gross national product
supplied by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the
Federal Reserve Board.
CONCEPTS

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural
establishments refer to hours paid for all employees—
production workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried
workers.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final
goods and services produced in a given period. Indexes
of output per hour of all persons measure changes in the
volume of goods and services produced per paid hour of
labor input.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries
of employees plus employers' contributions for social
insurance and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplementary
payments for the self-employed, except for nonfinancial
corporations, in which there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per
hour adjusted to elimate the effect of changes in the
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).
Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost
required to produce one unit of output and are derived
by dividing compensation per hour by output per hour.
Unit nonlabor payments include profits, depreciation, interest, and indirect taxes per unit of output.

They are computed by subtracting compensation of all
persons from the current-dollar gross national product
and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor
costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor
payments except unit profits.
Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory
valuation adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the
current-dollar estimate of gross product by the
constant-dollar estimate, making the deflator, in effect,
a price index for gross product of the sector reported.
NOTES ON THE DATA

For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector, these indexes relate to the gross domestic product
less households and institutions, owner-occupied housing, and the statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial
corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic
product of nonfinancial corporate business.
Manufacturing output data are supplied by the
Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of
Commerce, and the Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly
measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics to annual estimates of output (gross product
originating) from the Bureau of Economic Analysis.
Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81,
BLS Bulletin 2178. Additional information may be obtained from the Office of Productivity and Technology
(202 523-9261).

State and Area Labor Force Data
(D table)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM

Labor force and unemployment estimates for States,
labor market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered
under Federal assistance programs are developed by
State employment security agencies under a FederalState cooperative program. The local unemployment
estimates which are derived from standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis of determining
eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal programs such as the Job Training Partnership Act &nd the
Public Works and Economic Development Act.
Annual average data for the States and areas shown
in table D are published in Employment and Earnings




(usually the May issue). For regions, States, selected
metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual average
data classified by selected demographic, social, and
economic characteristics are published in the BLS
bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and
Unemployment.
Labor force and unemployment estimates for counties, cities, and other small areas have been prepared
for administration of various Federal economic
assistance programs and may be ordered from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. The report
"Employment and Unemployment in States and Local
141

Areas" is published monthly through GPO and is
available on microfiche only on a subscription basis.
ESTIMATING METHODS

The civilian labor force and unemployment estimates
in 11 large States: New York, California, Illinois, Ohio,
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Texas, Massachusetts, North Carolina, and Florida; and two areas: Los
Angeles—Long Beach metropolitan area and New York
City, are sufficiently reliable to be used directly from
the CPS. For a description of the CPS concepts, see
"Household Data," above.
Monthly labor force and unemployment estimates in
the remaining 39 States, the District of Columbia, and
253 labor market areas are prepared in several stages.
The civilian labor force is the sum of the employment
and unemployment levels, which are estimated in accord^
ance with the BLS Manual for Developing Local Area
Unemployment Statistics.
1. Preliminary estimate—employment: The total
civilian employment estimate is based on data from the
survey of establishments which produces an estimate of
payroll employment. This place-of-work estimate must
be adjusted to refer to place of residence as used in the
CPS. Factors for adjusting from place of work to place
of residence have been developed for the several
categories of employment on the basis of employment
relationships which existed at the time of the 1970
decennial census. These factors are applied to the
payroll employment estimates for the current period to
obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which are
added estimates for employment not covered by unemployment insurance (UI).
2. Preliminary estimate—unemployment: In the current
month, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of
the estimates for each of three building block categories:
(1) Persons who were previously employed in industries
covered by State UI laws; (2) those previously employed
in industries not covered by these laws; and (3) those
who were entering the civilian labor force for the first
time or reentering after a period of separation. This is
referred to below as the UI- based estimate.
An estimate for those previously employed in covered
industries is derived from a count of current employment insurance claimants, plus estimates of claimants
whose benefits have been exhausted, those persons disqualified from receiving benefits for nonmonetary
reasons (because they quit, were discharged for cause,
etc., but would otherwise have been eligible), and person who either filed claims late or not at all.
The estimate of those previously employed in industries not covered by UI is derived by applying to the
employment estimate for each nonccvered industry or
class of worker subgroup in the State, the ratio of
142




covered unemployment to covered employment
weighted by factors reflecting national historical relationships.
For the third category, new entrants and reentrants
into the labor force, a composite estimate is developed
from equations that relate the total entrants into the
labor force to the experienced unemployed and the experienced labor force. For each month, the estimate of
entrants into the labor force is a function of: (a) the
month of the year; (b) the level of the experienced
unemployed; (c) the level of the experienced labor force;
and (d) the proportion of the working age population
that is considered "youth." The composite estimate of
total entrants is defined as:
U=
U=
E=
X=
A,B=

A (X + E) + BX, where
total entrant unemployment
total civilian employment
total experienced unemployment
synthetic factors incorporating
seasonal variation and an assumed
relationship between the proportion of
youths in the working population and the
historical relationship of entrants to the
experienced unemployed (B factor) or the
experienced labor force (A factor).

3. Correction factors for employment and unemployment are then applied at the State level of the Ul-based
estimates obtained above for each of the 39 States and
the District of Columbia. These correction factors are
based on the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based estimates
for the 6-month period ending in the current month
(e.g., a 6-month moving average).
4. Substate adjustment for additivity. Independent
estimates of employment and unemployment are
prepared for the State (obtained directly from the CPS
in the 11 large States or by the Ul-based method in the
remaining States), and labor market areas (LMA's)
within the State. The total of the geographic areas in
the LMA's exhausts the geographic boundaries of the
State. A proportional adjustment is applied to all
sub-state LMA estimates to ensure that the sub-state
estimates of employment and unemployment add to the
independent State totals. In California and New York,
which also have sub-state areas taken directly from the
CPS, the additivity adjustment for the reamining areas
is applied to the State total minus the direct CPS area.
5. Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year,
monthly estimates prepared by the State employment
security agencies using Ul-based estimating procedures
are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the annual
average CPS estimates for the 39 States and the District
of Columbia for which monthly CPS estimates are not

available. This adjustment is necessary because the
State-prepared estimates are not as reliable as the CPS
annual averages due to differences in the State UI laws,
the structural limitations of the Ul-based estimating
method, and errors in the UI data.
The benchmarked estimates are produced in three
stages. First, the monthly Ul-based estimates are adjusted by the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based annual
averages. Second, the difference between the ratio of

annual averages for two consecutive years is wedged into the monthly estimates in order to minimize the disturbance to the original series. Finally, the third-stage
estimates are forced into agreement with CPS annual
averages. In the 11 States which use CPS estimates
monthly, no benchmark correction is required, as the
average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates will
equal CPS annual averages.

Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's
labor force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and other measures of labor market activity
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events
as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing
of schools. Because these seasonal events follow a more
or less regular pattern each year, their influence on
statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the
statistics from month to month. These adjustments
make it easier to observe the cyclical and other
nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating
changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to
note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted
estimates have a broader margin of possible error than
the original data on which they are based, since they are
subject not only to sampling and other errors but are
also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for
selected labor force and establishment-based data are
published regularly in Employment and Earnings.
The seasonal adjustment program used for these
series is an adaptation of the standard ratio-to-moving
average method. It provides for "moving" adjustment
factors to take account of changing seasonal patterns. A
detailed description of the method is given in The X-ll
Variant of the Census Method II Seasonal Adjustment
Program, Technical Paper No. 15, Bureau of the Census (1967).
Beginning in January 1980, BLS introduced two major modifications in the seasonal adjustment
methodology for data from the household survey. First,
the data are being seasonally adjusted with a procedure
called X-ll ARIMA, which was developed at Statistics
Canada as an extension of the existing standard X-ll
method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method,
by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No.
12-564E, February 1980. The X-ll procedure was
originally developed at the Bureau of the Census and




had been used by the BLS to seasonally adjust labor
force series since 1973. Test have shown that use of the
X-ll ARIMA procedure, which places more emphasis on
recent data, provides better seasonal adjustments than
does the X-ll month alone.
The second change is that seasonal adjustment factors
are calculated for use during the first 6 months of the
year rather than for the entire year. In July of each year,
BLS calculates and publishes in Employment and Earnings a set of seasonal adjustment factors for use in the
second half, based on the experience through June.
Revisions of historical data for the most recent 5 years
are made at the beginning of each calendar year.
However, as a result of the revisions to the estimates for
1970-81 based on 1980 census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982 were
carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as
well as the major employment and unemployment
estimates, are computed by aggregating independently
adjusted series. For example, for each of the three major labor force components-agricultural employment,
nonagricultural employment, and unemployment-data
for four sex-age groups (men and women under and
over 20 years of age) are separately adjusted for
seasonal variation and are then added to derive
seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted civilian employment components,
plus the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for
seasonality), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the
sum of the four unemployment components; and the
overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the
estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of various series, components will
not necessarily add to totals.
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor
force series based on the experience through December,
new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate
143

the civilian unemployment rate for the first 6 months
of the following year, and a description of the current seasonal adjustment methodology are published
in each January issue of Employment and Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the
revision period for a broader range of labor force
series are published in the February issue of this publication.
Beginning in July 1980, the BLS also uses the X-ll
ARIMA methodology in seasonally adjusting the
establishment data, which previously had been computed using the BLS Seasonal Factor Method. All series
are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative models
under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors used
in calculating the current year's estimates are based on
actual data through March 1986 and projected data
through March 1987. The ARIMA model options for
projecting the data series for 1 year ahead have been
used in seasonally adjusting the establishment series
since June 1981.
Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to
the component levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for
most of these series are then obtained by taking a
weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data for the
component series. Seasonally adjusted average weekly
earnings are the product of seasonally adjusted average
hourly earnings and seasonally adjusted average weekly
hours.
Average weekly earnings in constant dollars,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by dividing average
weekly earnings, seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally
adjusted Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage
Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), and multiplying
by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally
adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsuper-

144




visory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the
1977 base. For total private, total goods-producing,
total private service-producing, wholesale trade, retail
trade, manufacturing, and durable and nondurable
goods industries, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the
1977 base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a
number of series characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular
components. These failed or unsatisfactory seasonally
adjusted series are used in the aggregation to broader
level seasonally adjusted series, however.
Beginning in June 1983, seasonal adjustment factors
for Federal Government employment are derived from
unadjusted data which include Christmas temporary
workers employed by the Postal Service. In earlier years
the number of these workers was substantial, and at
times varied greatly from year to year, based on administrative decisions of the Postal Service. Hence, it
was considered desirable to exclude this group from the
unadjusted data upon which the seasonal adjustment factors were based. In the past several years, the number of
these workers has decreased to the point where their
presence has no impact on seasonal adjustment. Temporary census takers for the 1980 decennial census are
removed prior to the calculation of seasonal adjustment
factors for Federal Government employment.
The revised seasonally adjusted series for the
establishment data reflect experience through March
1986. Seasonal adjustment factors to be used for current
adjustment appear in the June 1986 issue of Employment and Earnings.

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
REGION I - BOSTON
John Fitzgerald Kennedy Federal Building
Suite 1603
Boston, Mass. 02203

REGION V - C H I C A G O
9th Floor
230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, 111. 60604

REGION II - NEW YORK
Suite 3400
1515 Broadway
New York, N.Y. 10036

REGION VI - DALLAS
Room 221
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, Tex. 75202

REGION III - PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, Pa. 19101

REGIONS VII and VIII - KANSAS CITY
15th Floor
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, Mo. 64106

REGION IV - ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street, NE.
Atlanta, Ga. 30367

REGIONS IX and X - SAN FRANCISCO
450 Golden Gate Avenue
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102

COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES

Current Employment Statistics Program (CES), and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program
(LA US)
BLS
Region
IV
X
IX
VI
IX
VIII
I
III
III
IV
IV
IX
X
V
V
VII
VII
IV
VI
I
III
I
V
V
IV
VII
VIII
VII
IX
I
II
VI
II
IV
VIII
V
VI

ALABAMA
ALASKA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
DIST. OF COL.
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
HAWAII
IDAHO
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA

X OREGON
III PENNSYLVANIA
II PUERTO RICO
I
IV
VIII
IV
VI
VIII
I
III
II
X
III

RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VERMONT
VIRGINIA
VIRGIN ISLANDS
WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA

V WISCONSIN
VIII WYOMING




-Research and Statistics Div., Depart, of Industrial Relations, Industrial Relations Building, Room 427, Montgomery 36130
-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 25501, Juneau 99802
-Department of Economic Security, 733-A, P.O. Box 6123, Phoenix 85005
-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, State Capitol Mall, P.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 72203
-Employment Data and Research Div., Employment Development Depart., P.O. Box 1679, Sacramento 95808.
-Division of Employment and Training, 1330 Fox Street, Denver 80204
-Employment Security Division, Labor Department, 200 Folly Brook Boulevard, Wethersfield 06109
-Department of Labor, University Plaza Office Complex, P.O. Box 9029, Newark 19711
-Division of Labor Market Information, Research and Analysis, Department of Employment Services,
500 C Street N.W., Room 411, Washington 20001
-Bureau of Research and Information, Depart, of Labor and Employment Security, 2574 Seagate Drive,
Tallahassee 32301
-Department of Labor, 254 Washington Street, S.W., Atlanta 30334
-Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, 830 Punchbowl Street, Room 304, Honolulu 96813
-Department of Employment, P.O. Box 35, Boise 83735
-Bureau of Employment Security, 910 South Michigan Avenue, 12th Floor, Chicago 60605
-Employment Security Division, 10 North Senate Avenue, Indianapolis 46204
-Department of Job Service, 1000 East Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
-Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka Avenue, Topeka 66603
-Department for Employment Services, Cabinet for Human Resources, 275 E. Main Street, Frankfort 40621
-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 44094, Capitol Station, Baton Rouge 70804
-Division of Research and Analysis, Department of Labor, 20 Union Street, Augusta 04330
-Research and Analysis Division, Department of Human Resources, 1100 North Eutaw Street, Baltimore 21201
-Division of Employment Security, Charles F. Hurley Building, Government Center, Boston 02114
-Research and Statistics Division, Employment Security Commission, 7310 Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
-Department of Jobs and Training, 390 North Robert Street, St. Paul 55101
-Labor Market Information Department, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 1699, Jackson 39215-1699
-Division of Employment Security, P.O. Box 59, Jefferson City 65104
-Department of Labor and Industry, P.O. Box 1728, Helena 59601
-Division of Employment, Department'of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln 68509
-Employment Security Department, 500 East Third Street, Carson City 89713
-Department of Employment Security, 32 South Main Street, Concord 03301
-Division of Planning and Research, Department of Labor, P O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625
-Employment Services Division, Employment Security Department, P.O. Box 1928, Albuquerque 87103
-Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor, State Campus, Building 12, Albany 12240
-Labor Market Information Division, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 25903, Raleigh 27611
-Job Service, P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58502
-Labor Market Information Division, Bureau of Employment Services, P.O. Box 1618, Columbus 43216
-Research and Planning Division, Employment Security Commission, 310 Will Rogers Memorial Office Building,
Oklahoma City 73105
-Employment Division, Department of Human Resources, 875 Union Street N.E., Salem 97311
-Research and Statistics Division, Department of Labor and Industry, 7th and Forster Streets, Harrisburg 17121
-Department of Labor and Human Resources, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 505 Munoz Rivera Ave., 17th Fl.,
Hato Rey 00918 (CES). Bureau of Employment Security, 505 Munoz Rivera Ave., 15th Fl., Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
-Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason Street, Providence 02903
-Employment Security Commission, P. O. Box 995, Columbia 29202
-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 1730, Aberdeen 57401
-Department of Employment Security, Cordell Hull Office Building, Room 519, Nashville 37219
-Employment Commission, 15th and Congress Avenue, Austin 78778
-Department of Employment Security, P.O. Box 11249, Salt Lake City 84147
-Department of Employment and Training, P.O. Box 488, Montpelier 05602
-Division of Research and Analysis, Employment Commission, P.O. Box 1358, Richmond 23211
-Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 818, St. Thomas 00801
-Employment Security Department, 212 Maple Park, Olympia 98504
-Division of Labor and Economic Security, Depart, of Employment Security, 112 California Avenue,
Charleston 25305
-Department of Industry, Labor, and Human Relations, P.O. Box 7944, Madison 53707
-Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 2760, Casper 82602