Full text of Employment and Earnings : August 1995

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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
August 1995




U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Robert B. Reich, Secretary

August 1995
Vol. 42 No. 8

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner

Calendar of Features

E&E—Employment and Earnings (ISSN 0013-6840), is
prepared in the Office of Employment and Unemployment
Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications
and Special Studies. The data are collected by the Bureau
of the Census (Department of Commerce) and State
employment security agencies, in cooperation with the
Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief description of the
cooperative statistical programs of the BLS with these
agencies is presented in the Explanatory Notes and Estimates
of Error. The State agencies are listed on the inside back
cover.
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In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.

Household data
Annual averages

Jan.

Union affiliation

Jan.

Earnings by detailed occupation

Jan.

Employee absences

Jan.

Revised seasonally adjusted series

Jan.

Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data,
persons of Hispanic origin, Vietnam-era veterans
and nonveterans, and weekly earnings data

Jan., Apr., July, Oct.

Establishment data
National annual averages:
Industry divisions (preliminary)

Jan.

Industry detail

March, June

Women employees

March, June

National data revised to reflect new benchmarks
and new seasonal adjustment factors

June

Revised historical national data

Bulletin1

State and area annual revisions

March

State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

May

State and area labor force data
Annual revisions

March

Annual averages

May

'The most recent publication was issued in September 1994 as
Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States, 1909-94, BLS Bulletin
2445, and is available from: New Orders, U.S. Superintendent of
Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954, at $46 a copy,
GPO Stock Number 029-001-03197-1.

Employment and Earnings
Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Eugene H. Becker

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Contents to the explanatory notes and estimates of error
Employment and unemployment developments, July 1995
Summary tables and charts
Explanatory notes and estimates of error
Index to statistical tables

2
4
5
7
139
176

Statistical tables

Source

Household data
Establishment data:
Employment:
National
State
Area
Hours and earnings:
National
State and area
Local area labor force data:
Region
State
Area




Historical

y
adjusted

Not
seasonally
adjusted

10

12

21

45

49
54

66
79
79

46

62

98
121

125
127

132
132

Monthly Household Data
Page
Historical
A-l. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1961 to date

10

A-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1984 to date

11

Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
A-5. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age

12
13
15

Characteristics of the Employed
A-6. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status

16

A-7. Employed persons by age and sex

17

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-8.
A-9.
A-10.
A-ll.
A-12.

Unemployed persons by age and sex
Unemployment rates by age and sex
Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

17
18
19
20
20

Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
A-14. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age
by school enrollment, educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
A-16. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race

21
24
25
27

Characteristics of the Employed
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.
A-21.
A-22.

Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
Employed persons by industry and occupation
Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by hours of work
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working less
than 35 hours and usual full- or part-time status
A-23. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
A-24. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or part-time status...
A-25. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status

28
29
30
31
32
32
33
34
35

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.
A-32.
A-33.

Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons, total and full-time workers, by duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment

36
37
38
39
40
40
41
42

Persons Not in the Labor Force
A-34. Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex

42

Multiple Jobholders
A-35. Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics

43

Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans
A-36. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age

2




43

Monthly Establishment Data
Page
Historical
B-l. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1944 to date
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by
major industry, 1964 to date

45
46

Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment
National
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups
B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major
industry and manufacturing group
B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change

49
51
52
53

States
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry

54

Hours and Earnings
National
B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by
major industry and manufacturing group
B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers
on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry
B-11. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonfarm payrolls by major industry

62
63
64
65

Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment
National
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry

66

B-13. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group

78

States and Areas
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

79

Hours and Earnings
National
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by
detailed industry
B-l5a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles
(SIC 3761) manufacturing
B-16. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
B-17. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
States and Areas
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas

98
118
119
120
121

Monthly Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data
Seasonally Adjusted Data
C-l. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions
C-2. Labor force status by State

125
127

Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas




132

Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error

Page
Introduction
Relation between the household and establishment series
Comparability of household data with other series
Comparability of payroll employment data with
other series

139
139
140
140

Household data
Collection and coverage
Concepts and definitions
Historical comparability
Changes in concepts and methods
Noncomparability of labor force levels
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Sampling
Selection of sample areas
Selection of sample households
Rotation of sample
Estimating methods
Noninterview adjustment
Ratio estimates
First stage
Second stage
Composite estimation procedure
Rounding of estimates
Reliability of the estimates
Nonsampling error
Sampling error
Tables 1-B through 1-H

141
141
141
144
144
145

Establishment data
Collection
Concepts

159
159
159

4




147
147
148
148
149
149
150
150
150
150
150
150
151
151
151
152

Page
Establishment data—Continued
Estimating methods
Benchmarks
Monthly estimation
Stratification
Link relative technique
Bias adjustment
Summary of methods table
The sample
Design
Coverage
Reliability
Measures of error tables
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error
Estimated standard errors for employment, hours,
and earnings
Standard errors for differences between industries
and times
Noneconomic code changes
Revisions between preliminary and final data
Statistics for States and areas

162
162
162
162
162
162
163
164
164
165
165
165
165
166
166
166
169
169

Region, State, and area labor force data
Federal-State cooperative program
Estimating methods
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates
Benchmark correction procedures
Estimates for sub-State areas
Preliminary estimate:
Employment
Unemployment
Sub-State adjustment for additivity
Benchmark correction

172
172
172
172
172
173
173
173
173
173
173

Seasonal adjustment

174

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, July 1995

Both unemployment and nonfarm payroll employment
were essentially unchanged in July. The unemployment rate
was 5.7 percent in July and has shown very little movement
in recent months. The overall weakness in payroll employ­
ment reflected a sharp drop in manufacturing jobs that was
offset by small gains in a number of the service-producing
industries. Average hourly earnings rose by 7 cents and the
factory workweek continued its descent.

Unemployment
The number of unemployed persons totaled 7.6 million in
July, and the unemployment rate was 5.7 percent. Both mea­
sures have shown little change since April. (See table A-3.)
Jobless rates showed little or no change in July for adult
men (4.7 percent), adult women (5.1 percent), whites (4.8
percent), blacks (11.1 percent), and Hispanics (8.8 percent).
In contrast, the rate for teenagers rose to 18.2 percent. Both
the mean (16.5 weeks) and median (9.1 weeks) duration of
unemployment rose over the month after falling in June. (See
tables A-3, A-4, and A-12.)

Total employment and the labor force
Total employment increased by 474,000 in July to 125.0
million (seasonally adjusted). A rise in employment among
adult women was partly offset by a decline among teenag­
ers. The employment-population ratio—the proportion of the
working-age population with jobs—was up 0.2 percentage
point to 62.9 percent but remains below the levels reached
earlier in the year. (See table A-3.)
A total of 7.8 million workers (not seasonally adjusted),
or 6.1 percent of all employed persons, held two or more
jobs in July. A year earlier, 5.8 percent of the employed held
more than one job. (See table A-35.)
The civilian labor force was up by 649,000 over the month
to 132.5 million, seasonally adjusted. Adult women accounted
for virtually all of this increase. The labor force participa­
tion rate rose 0.3 percentage point to 66.7 percent, some­
what less than the levels that prevailed earlier in the year.
(See table A-3.)

Persons not in the labor force
A total of 1.6 million persons (not seasonally adjusted)
had a marginal attachment to the labor force in July, that is,
they wanted and were available for work but had ceased their




active search for jobs after having looked sometime in the
prior 12 months. Those who were not looking because they
believed that no jobs were available for them—discouraged
workers—accounted for 456,000 of the 1.6 million. Both
figures were below those of a year earlier. (See table A-34.)

Industry payroll employment
Nonfarm payroll employment was about unchanged in
July, after seasonal adjustment, as job gains in several of
the service-producing industries were largely offset by a
steep decline in manufacturing. (See table B-3.)
The manufacturing job reduction of 85,000 in July added
to losses that now total 188,000 since the industry began
shedding jobs in April. Over-the-month declines were wide­
spread across both durable and nondurable goods industries.
Among durables, the largest decline occurred in transporta­
tion equipment, where the decrease of 20,000 reflected tem­
porary shutdowns in the motor vehicle industry and further
cutbacks in aircraft manufacturing. Aircraft has lost nearly
40 percent of its employment over the last 5 years. Small
job losses continued in July among most other durable goods
manufacturers. Among the nondurable goods industries, siz­
able employment declines continued in apparel, textiles,
chemicals, and rubber and plastics. The only manufacturing
industry to sustain a trend of job growth was electronics.
Construction employment was unchanged in July, after
seasonal adjustment. Job totals in the industry have fluctu­
ated in recent months, and there has been no definitive trend
since steady growth tapered off this past spring. Mining
employment continued its long-term decline in July.
In the service-producing sector, both wholesale and re­
tail trade added jobs over the month. In wholesale trade, the
job gain of 17,000 was in line with the average monthly
increase over the past year. Employment in retail trade ex­
panded by 54,000, following a similarly sized gain in June.
There had been no net job growth in the industry this year
prior to June. Most of the recent strength was in eating and
drinking places.
The services industry exhibited modest job growth in July,
with a gain of only 60,000. Smaller-than-average increases
occurred in business, health, and engineering services, and
employment in social services declined for the second
straight month. Overall, the pace of job growth in services
has clearly slowed in recent months.

5

Weekly hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour
in July to 34.6 hours, after seasonal adjustment. Average
hours in manufacturing fell by 0.2 hour to 41.3 hours; the
series is nearly a full hour below its recent peak. Factory
overtime edged up to 4.3 hours, after falling in each of the
prior 5 months. (See table B-8.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of private produc­
tion or nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls rose
0.5 percent to 133.0 (1982=100) in July. The manufacturing




index, which has been trending downward since March, de­
clined further in July to 105.3. (See table B-9.)

Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of private production or
nonsupervisory workers rose 7 cents in July to $11.49, after
seasonal adjustment. Average weekly earnings rose by 0.9
percent to $397.55. Over the past year, average hourly and
weekly earnings rose by 3.2 and 2.9 percent, respectively.
(See table B-ll.)

Scheduled Release Dates
Eemployment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Release date

Reference month

August

September 1

November

December 8

September

October 6

December

Januarys

October

November 3

January

February 2

Reference month

Release date

Summary table A. Major labor force status categories, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)

Category
July

Aug.

Oct.

Sept.

Nov.

Jan.

Dec.

Feb.

Apr.

May

July

June

Labor force status
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Percent of population
Unemployed
Not in labor force

196,859 197,043 197,248 197,430 197,607 197,765 197,753 197,886 198,007 198,148 198,286 198,453 198,615
130,774 131,086 131,291 131,646 131,718 131,725 132,1361 132,308 132,511 132,737 131,811 131,869 132,519
66.4
66.7
66.5
66.6
66.7
66.6
66.8
66.9
66.9
67.0
66.5
66.4
66.7
122,781 123,197 123,644 124,141 124,403 124,570 124,639 125,125 125,274 125,072 124,319 124,485 124,959
62.4
62.7
62.5
62.9
63.0
63.0
63.0
63.2
63.3
63.1
62.7
62.7
62.9
7,647
7,993
7,889
7,505
7,155
7,315
7,498
7,237
7,183
7,665
7,384
7,492
7,559
66,085
65,957 65,957 65,784 65,889
66,040 65,617 65,578 65,496
65,412 66,476
66,583 66,096

Unemployment rates
All workers
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black
Hispanic origin

6.0
5.3
5.3
17.5
5.2
11.3
10.1

6.1
5.5
5.3
17.7
5.3
11.2
10.0

5.7
5.0
5.0
17.1
5.0
11.1
9.4

5.8
5.1
5.2
17.2
5.1
10.7
9.9

5.4
4.7
4.7
17.2
4.8
9.8
9.2

5.6
4.9
5.0
15.8
4.8
10.5
8.8

5.7
5.0
4.9
16.7
4.9
10.2
10.2

5.4
4.6
4.8
17.6
4.7
10.1
8.9

5.5
4.7
4.9
16.1
4.7
9.8
9.1

5.8
4.9
5.2
17.5
5.0
10.7
8.8

5.7
5.1
4.8
17.6
5.0
9.9
10.0

5.6
4.8
5.0
16.4
4.8
10.6
9.0

5.7
4.7
5.1
18.2
4.8
11.1
8.8

Summary table B. Employment, hours, and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1995

1994
Industry
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Jan.

Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June"

JulyP

116,123
96,882
24,324
588
5,213
18,523
91,799
6,156
6,275
20,794
6,929
32,404
19,241

116,302
97,054
24,370
589
5,256
18,525
91.932
6,175
6,287
20,760
6,938
32,524
19,248

116,310
97,049
24,331
583
5,242
18,506
91,979
6,184
6,300
20,762
6,924
32,548
19,261

116,248
97,005
24,228
582
5,190
18,456
92,020
6,177
6.298
20.747
6,925
32,630
19,243

116,498
97,229
24,235
582
5,231
18,422
92.263
6,189
6,317
20,798
6,934
32,756
19,269

116,553
97,286
24,146
578
5,231
18,337
92,407
6,197
6,334
20,852
6,941
32,816
19,267

313
294
31
-2
12
21
282
27
24
34
2
176
19

179
172
46
1
43
2
133
19
12
-34
9
120
7

8
-5
-39
-6
-14
-19
47
9
13
2
-14
24
13

-62
-44
-103
-1
-52
-50
41
-7
-2
-15
1
82
-18

250
224
7
0
41
-34
243
12
19
51
9
126
26

55
57
-89
-4
0
-85
144
8
17
54
7
60
-2

34.6
42.1
4.8

34.6
42.0
4.7

34.6
41.5
4.5

34.2
41.4
4.4

34.5
41.5
4.2

34.6
41.3
4.3

Employment

Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government

114,171
95,061
23,922
596
5,029
18,297
90,249
6,022
6,138
20,459
6,947
31,573
19,110

114,510
95,327
23,981
597
5,038
18,346
90,529
6,045
6,163
20,497
6,948
31,693
19,183

114,762
95,555
24,030
598
5,077
18,355
90,732
6,048
6,181
20,565
6,942
31,789
19,207

114,935
95,740
24,081
595
5,088
18,398
90,854
6,061
6,195
20,580
6,935
31,888
19,195

115,427
96,152
24,175
592
5,144
18,439
91,252
6,092
6,210
20,703
6,937
32,035
19,275

115,624
96,405
24,230
592
5,166
18,472
91,394
6,121
6,229
20,759
6,931
32,135
19,219

115,810
96,588
24,293
590
5,201
18,502
91,517
6,129
6,251
20,760
6,927
32,228
19,222

Over-the-month change
Total
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government

228
221
17
-6
23
0
211
14
7
51
1
131
7

339
266
59
1
9
49
280
23
25
38
1
120
73

252
228
49
1
39
9
203
3
18
68
-6
96
24

173
185
51
-3
11
43
122
13
14
15
-7
99
-12

492
412
94
-3
56
41
398
31
15
123
2
147
80

197
253
55
0
22
33
142
29
19
56
-6
100
-56

186
183
63
-2
35
30
123
8
22
1
-4
93
3

Hours of work1
Total private
Overtime

34.7
42.0
4.7

34.6
42.0
4.7

34.7
42.1
4.8

34.9
42.1
4.7

34.6
42.1
4.8

34.7
42.1
4.8

34.8
42.2
4.9

Indexes (jf aggregate weekly hours (19£J2 = 100)1
Total private
Manufacturing

129.9
106.8

129.9
107.3

130.8
107.5

131.8
107.9

131.5
108.4

132.0
108.6

132.7
108.9

132.4
109.0

132.5
108.6

132.8
107.1

131.0
106.6

132.4
106.6

133.0
105.3

$11.32
7.39
391.67

$11.34
7.38
392.36

$11.40
7.40
394.44

$11.37
7.36
388.85

$11.42
7.39
393.99

$11.49
N.A.
$397.55

Earnings1
Average hourly earnings, total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars2
Average weekly earnings, total private
1

$11.13
7.39
386.21

$11.14
7.37
385.44

$11.18
7.38
387.95

$11.25
7.42
392.63

Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W)
> used to deflate these series.
2




$11.24
7.40
388.90

$11.27
7.40
391.07

$11.29
7.39
392.89

N.A. = not available.
= preliminary.

p

Chart 1. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,
1990-95
Thousands
118,000

Thousands
118,000

116,000

116,000

114,000

114,000

112,000

112,000

110,000

110,000

108,000

108,000

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

NOTE: Shaded area represents recession.

Chart 2. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 1990-95
Percent
8.0

Percent
8.0

7.0

7.0

6.0

6.0

9W-

m
5.0

5.0

ffltSlil
4.0




i

1990

1991

i I

1992

i

i I

1993

4.0
1994

1995

NOTE: Shaded area represents recession. Household data beginning in January
1994 reflect: 1) The introduction of the results of a major redesign of the Current
Population Survey questionnaire and collection methodology, and 2) the introduction of
population controls based on the 1990 census, adjusted for the estimated population
undercount, and are not directly comparable with data for prior years.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1961 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Number

Percent
of
population

Agriculture

Unemployed

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Annual averages
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

55.4
55.5
55.4
55.7
56.2
56.9
57.3
57.5
58.0

5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

57.4
56.6
57.0
57.8
57.8
56.1
56.8
57.9
59.3
59.9

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613
186,393

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9
66.5

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342

59.2
59.0
57.8
57.9
59.5
60.1
60.7
61.5
62.3
63.0

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169
3,199

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434
109,232
111,800
114,142

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3

188,049
189,765
191,576
193,550
196,814

124,787
125,303
126,982
128,040
131,056

66.4
66.0
66.3
66.2
66.6

117,914
116,877
117,598
119,306
123,060

62.7
61.6
61.4
61.6
62.5

3,186
3,233
3,207
3,074
3,409

114,728
113,644
114,391
116,232
119,651

6,874
8,426
9,384
8,734
7,996

5.5
6.7
7.4
6.8
6.1

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted3

196,859
197,043
197,248
197,430
197,607
197,765

130,774
131,086
131,291
131,646
131,718
131,725

66.4
66.5
66.6
66.7
66.7
66.6

122,781
123,197
123,644
124,141
124,403
124,570

62.4
62.5
62.7
62.9
63.0
63.0

3,333
3,436
3,411
3,494
3,500
3,532

119,448
119,761
120,233
120,647
120,903
121,038

7,993
7,889
7,647
7,505
7,315
7,155

6.1
6.0
5.8
5.7
5.6
5.4

197,753
197,886
198,007
198,148
198,286
198,453
198,615

132,136
132,308
132,511
132,737
131,811
131,869
132,519

66.8
66.9
66.9
67.0
66.5
66.4
66.7

124,639
125,125
125,274
125,072
124,319
124,485
124,959

63.0
63.2
63.3
63.1
62.7
62.7
62.9

3,575
3,656
3,698
3,594
3,357
3,451
3,409

121,064
121,469
121,576
121,478
120,962
121,034
121,550

7,498
7,183
7,237
7,665
7,492
7,384
7,559

5.7
5.4
5.5
5.8
5.7
5.6
5.7

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error.
2
Data, beginning in 1994, are not directly comparable with data for
1993 and earlier years because of the introduction of a major redesign of
the Current Population Survey (household survey) questionnaire and

10




collection methodology and the introduction of 1990 census-based
population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. For additional
information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
3
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1984 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force

Sex, year,
and month

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Percent
of
population

Number

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Annual averages
MEN
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

83,605
84,469
85,798
86,899
87.857
88,762

63,835
64,411
65,422
66,207
66,927
67,840

76.4
76.3
76.3
76.2
76.2
76.4

59,091
59,891
60,892
62,107
63,273
64,315

70.7
70.9
71.0
71.5
72.0
72.5

2,668
2,535
2,511
2,543
2,493
2,513

56,423
57,356
58,381
59,564
60,780
61,802

4,744
4,521
4,530
4,101
3,655
3,525

7.4
7.0
6.9
6.2
5.5
5.2

1990
1991
1992
1993
19942

89,650
90,552
91,541
92,620
94,355

68,234
68,411
69,184
69,633
70,817

76.1
75.5
75.6
75.2
75.1

64,435
63,593
63,805
64,700
66,450

71.9
70.2
69.7
69.9
70.4

2,507
2,552
2,534
2,438
2,554

61,928
61,041
61,270
62,263
63,896

3,799
4,817
5,380
4,932
4,367

5.6
7.0
7.8
7.1
6.2

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted3
1994:
July
August
September
October
November
December

94,377
94,469
94,576
94,671
94,768
94,851

70,655
70,741
70,791
71,133
71,168
71,379

74.9
74.9
74.9
75.1
75.1
75.3

66,226
66,458
66,682
67,059
67,244
67,483

70.2
70.3
70.5
70.8
71.0
71.1

2,507
2,578
2,515
2,584
2,599
2,607

63,719
63,880
64,167
64,475
64,645
64,876

4,429
4,283
4,109
4,074
3,924
3,896

6.3
6.1
5.8
5.7
5.5
5.5

1995:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July

94,749
94,818
94,879
94,952
95,024
95,110
95,191

71,476
71,558
71,673
71,655
71,255
71,345
71,338

75.4
75.5
75.5
75.5
75.0
75.0
74.9

67,386
67,709
67,811
67,588
67,110
67,390
67,383

71.1
71.4
71.5
71.2
70.6
70.9
70.8

2,648
2,727
2,750
2,622
2,481
2,601
2,569

64,738
64,981
65,062
64,966
64,630
64,789
64,815

4,090
3,849
3,862
4,067
4,145
3,955
3,955

5.7
5.4
5.4
5.7
5.8
5.5
5.5

Annual averages
WOMEN
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

92,778
93,736
94,769
95,653
96,756
97,630

49,709
51,050
52,413
53,656
54,742
56,030

53.6
54.5
55.3
56.0
56.6
57.4

45.915
47,259
48,706
50,334
51,696
53,027

49.5
50.4
51.4
52.5
53.4
54.3

653
644
652
666
676
687

45,262
46,615
48,054
49,668
51,020
52,341

3,794
3,791
3,707
3,324
3,046
3,003

7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.6
5.4

1990
1991
1992
1993
1994a

98,399
99,214
100,035
100,930
102,460

56,554
56,893
57,798
58,407
60,239

57.5
57.3
57.8
57.9
58.8

53,479
53,284
53,793
54,606
56,610

54.3
53.7
53.8
54.1
55.3

679
682
673
636
855

52,800
52,602
53,121
53,970
55,755

3,075
3,609
4,005
3,801
3,629

5.4
6.3
6.9
6.5
6.0

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted3
1994:
July
August
September
October ....
November
December

102,482
102,575
102,672
102,758
102,839
102,913

60,119
60,345
60,500
60,513
60,550
60,346

58.7
58.8
58.9
58.9
58.9
58.6

56,555
56,739
56,962
57,082
57,159
57,087

55.2
55.3
55.5
55.5
55.6
55.5

826
858
896
910
901
925

55,729
55,881
56,066
56,172
56,258
56,162

3,564
3,606
3,538
3,431
3,391
3,259

5.9
6.0
5.8
5.7
5.6
5.4

1995:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July

103,004
103,068
103,128
103,197
103,263
103,342
103,424

60,660
60,750
60,838
61,082
60,556
60,524
61,180

58.9
58.9
59.0
59.2
58,6
58.6
59.2

57,252
57,416
57,462
57,484
57,208
57,095
57,576

55.6
55.7
55.7
55.7
55.4
55.2
55.7

927
929
948
972
877
851
840

56,325
56,488
56,514
56,512
56,332
56,245
56,736

3,408
3,334
3,375
3,598
3,347
3,429
3,604

5.6
5.5
5.5
5.9
5.5
5.7
5.9

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes and
Estimates of Error.
2
Data, beginning in 1994, are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years because of the introduction of a major redesign of the Current Population Survey




(household survey) questionnaire and collection methodology and the introduction of
1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. For
additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
3
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

11

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1994
July

Aug.

Sept.

1995
Oct.

Nov.

Dec,

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio ...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

196,859 197,043 197,248 197,430 197,607 197,765 197,753 197,886 198,007 198,148 198,286 198,453
130,774 131,086 131,291 131,646 131,718 131,725 132,136 132,308 132,511 132,737 131,811 131,869
66.4
66.9
66.8
66.7
66.7
66.6
66.5
66.4
66.5
67.0
66.9
66.6
122,781 123,197 123,644 124,141 124,403 124,570 124,639 125,125 125,274 125,072 124,319 124,485
63.0
62.7
62.5
62.7
62.7
63.1
63.3
63.2
63.0
63.0
62.9
62.4
7,498
7,505
7,647
7,889
7,384
7,492
7,665
7,237
7,183
7,155
7,315
7,993
5.7
5.7
5.4
5.8
6.0
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.5
5.4
5.6
6.1

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ....
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

94,377
70,655
74.9
66,226
70.2
2,507
63,719
4,429
6.3
23,722

94,469
70,741
74.9
66,458
70.3
2,578
63,880
4,283
6.1
23,728

94,576
70,791
74.9
66,682
70.5
2,515
64,167
4,109
5.8
23,785

94,671
71,133
75.1
67,059
70.8
2,584
64,475
4,074
5.7
23,538

94,768
71,168
75.1
67,244
71.0
2,599
64,645
3,924
5.5
23,600

94,851
71,379
75.3
67,483
71.1
2,607
64,876
3,896
5.5
23,472

94,749
71,476
75.4
67,386
71.1
2,648
64,738
4,090
5.7
23,273

94,818
71,558
75.5
67,709
71.4
2,727
64,981
3,849
5.4
23,260

94,879
71,673
75.5
67,811
71.5
2,750
65,062
3,862
5.4
23,206

95,024
71,255
75.0
67,110
70.6
2,481
64,630
4,145
5.8
23,769

95,110
71,345
75.0
67,390
70.9
2,601
64,789
3,955
5.5
23,765

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ....
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

87,123
66,747
76.6
63,076
72.4
2,314
60,762
3,671
5.5
20,3761

87,248
66,817
76.6
63,271
72.5
2,377
60,894
3,546
5.3
20,431

87,321
66,909
76.6
63,517
72.7
2,293
61,224
3,392
5.1
20,412

87,439
67,177
76.8
63,820
73.0
2,329
61,491
3,357
5.0
20,262

87,529
67,345
76.9
64,051
73.2
2,377
61,674
3,294
4.9
20,184

87,617
67,450
77.0
64,281
73.4
2,410
61,871
3,169
4.7
20,167

87,528
67,539
77.2
64,133
73.3
2,390
61,743
3,406
5.0
19,990

87,572
67,552
77.1
64,478
73.6
2,512
61,965
3,074
4.6
20,020

87,622 87,664 87,691
67,643 67,563 67,250
76.7
77.2
77.1
64,465 64,224 63,841
72.8
73.6
73.3
2,519
2,384 2,242
61,946 61,840 61,599
3,410
3,178
3,339
4.7
5.1
4.9
19,979 20,101 20,441

87,750
67,232
76.6
63,994
72.9
2,344
61,649
3,238
4.8
20,518

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

102,482
60,119
58.7
56,555
55.2
826
55,729
3,564
5.9
42,363

102,575
60,345
58.8
56,739
55.3
858
55,881
3,606
6.0
42,230

102,672
60,500
58.9
56,962
55.5
896
56,066
3,538
5.8
42,172

102,758
60,513
58.9
57,082
55.5
910
56,172
3,431
5.7
42,245

102,839
60,550
58.9
57,159
55.6
901
56,258
3,391
5.6
42,289

102,913
60,346
58.6
57,087
55.5
925
56,162
3,259
5.4
42,567

103,004
60,660
58.9
57,252
55.6
927
56,325
3,408
5.6
42,344

03,068
60,750
58.9
57,416
55.7
929
56,488
3,334
5.5
42,318

103,128
60,838
59.0
57,462
55.7
948
56,514
3,375
5.5
42,290

103,197
61,082
59.2
57,484
55.7
972
56,512
3,598
5.9
42,115

103,263
60,556
58.6
57,208
55.4
877
56,332
3,347
5.5
42,707

103,342
60,524
58.6
57,095
55.2
851
56,245
3,429
5.7
42,818

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

95,469
56,536
59.2
53,541
56.1
790
52,751
2,995
5.3
38,933

95,544
56,747
59.4
53,722
56.2
815
52,907
3,025
5.3
38,797

95,658
57,031
59.6
54,044
56.5
847
53,197
2,987
5.2
38,627

95,729
56,951
59.5
54,090
56.5
863
53,227
2,861
5.0
38,778

95,821
56,984
59.5
54,129
56.5
850
53,279
2,855
5.0
38,837

95,873
56,725
59.2
54,037
56.4
882
53,155
2,688
4.7
39,148

95,961
56,951
59.3
54,134
56.4
877
53,257
2,817
4.9
39,010

96,020
57,096
59.5
54,334
56.6
898
53,436
2,763
4.8
38,924

96,037
57,042
59.4
54,242
56.5
913
53,329
2,800
4.9
38,996

96,099
57,360
59.7
54,403
56.6
925
53,477
2,957
5.2
38,739

96,141
56,819
59.1
54,097
56.3
828
53,268
2,722
4.8
39,322

96,204
56,773
59.0
53,915
56.0
791
53,124
2,857
5.0
39,431

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14,267 14,251 14,269 14,261 14,257 14,274 14,263 14,294 14,348 14,385 14,454 14,498
7,646
7,550
7,389
7,518
7,742 7,864
7,826
7,660
7,522
7,491
7,814
7,351
53.6
52.9
51.8
52.7
54.2
54.5
53.6
52.8
52.5
53.6
54.3
51.5
6,576
6,252 6,372 6,313
6,223
6,231
6,446
6,567
6,204 6,083
6,164
6,381
44.7
43.8
43.6
43.7
45.4
44.8
45.8
44.2
43.5
43.2
44.1
42.6
316
266
245
308
240
302 . 273
244
287
285
229
271
6,261
6,160
6,300
6,064
5,929
5,960
6,094
6,068
6,012
5,950
5,935
5,812
1,369
1,288
1,260
1,274
1,287
1,318
1,360
1,347
1,298
1,166
1,327
1,268
16.4
16.1
16.7
17.1
17.6
17.5
17.6
17.2
15.8
17.5
17.7
17.2
6,634
6,522 6,571
6,617
6,743
6,712
6,634
6,724
6,868
6,776 6,729
6,918

1

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in tables A-3

12



94,952
71,655
75.5
67,588
71.2
2,622
64,966
4,067
5.7
23,297

through A-12 will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of the various series.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1995

1994
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

165,576 165,696 165,832 165,954 166,072 166,175 166,361 166,444 166,521 166,613 166,708 166,822 166,931
110,911 111,186 111,381 111,555 111,637 111,715 111,876| 111,830 111,999 112,153 111,568 111,541 112,197
67.2
66.9
66.9
67.3
67.2
67.2
67.2
67.3
67.2
67.2
67.1
67.2
67.0
105,006 105,401 105,740 106,010 106,242 106,352 106,366 106,604 106,698 106,500 105,935 106,145 106,770
64.0
63.9
64.0
63.6
63.5
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.1
63.9
63.8
63.6
63.4
5,427
5,653
5,226
5,396
5,633
5,510
5,363
5,395
5,301
5,545
5,905 5,785 5,641
4.8
4.7
4.8
5.0
5.0
4.9
4.8
4.7
4.8
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

57,326 57,387 57,478 57,615 57,726 57,836 57,848 57,841 57,868 57,768 57,594
77.5
77.5
77.5
77.4
77.3
77.1
77.0
77.3
77.2
77.2
77.5
54,566 54,734 54,926 55,061 55,242 55,384 55,289 55,508 55,448 55,225 54,956
73.5
74.1
74.2
73.9
74.2
74.1
73.9
73.6
73.4
73.8
74.3
2,559
2,452
2,638
2,544
2,420
2,484
2,554
2,653
2,552
2,760
2,333
4.4
4.6
4.4
4.2
4.4
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.6
4.8
4.0

57,592
77.0
55,133
73.7
2,459
4.3

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

47,227 47,403 47,737 47,614 47,631 47,440 47,443 47,525 47,494 47,765 47,432 47,275
58.7
59.4
59.1
59.1
59.0
59.1
59.6
59.0
59.4
58.9
59.4
59.2
45,016 45,204 45,560 45,535 45,569 45,475 45,419 45,581 45,515 45,622 45,403 45,215
56.1
56.7
56.6
56.7
56.5
56.7
56.8
56.9
56.3
56.4
56.8
56.5
2,060
2,143
1,978
1,944
2,024
1,965
2,062
2,177
2,211
2,028
2,079
2,199
4.4
4.5
4.2
4.1
4.3
4.1
4.3
4.6
4.7
4.3
4.4
4.6

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,358
56.3
5,424
48.1
934
14.7
16.1
13.1

6,396
56.6
5,463
48.4
933
14.6
15.4
13.7

6,166
54.6
5,254
46.5
912
14.8
16.2
13.3

6,326
56.0
5,414
47.9
912
14.4
15.2
13.5

6,280
55.5
5,431
48.0
849
13.5
14.3
12.6

6,439
56.9
5,493
48.5
946
14.7
16.0
13.2

6,586
58.1
5,658
49.9
928
14.1
15.0
13.1

6,464
56.9
5,515
48.5
949
14.7
16.1
13.1

6,637
58.3
5,734
50.4
903
13.6
14.7
12.4

6,619
58.0
5,653
49.5
966
14.6
15.3
13.8

6,542
57.2
5,575
48.8
967
14.8
15.2
14.3

6,674
58.3
5,797
50.6
877
13.1
14.5
11.6

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

22,883 22,917 22,955 22,990 23,023 23,052 23,089 23,117 23,142 23,169 23,192 23,221
14,380 14,429 14,477 14,649 14,578 14,541 14,697 14,868 14,818 14,938 14,803 14,707
63.0
62.8
64.5
64.3
63.1
63.3
63.1
63.8
64.0
63.7
63.7
63.3
12,767 12,795 12,927 13,022 13,054 13,119 13,192 13,362 13,370 13,337 13,336 13,142
56.9
57.8
57.1
56.7
56.6
55.8
55.8
57.6
57.8
56.3
56.6
57.5
1,505
1,505
1,524
1,627
1,634
1,613
1,601
1,422
1,550
1,565
1,467
1,448
10.1
10.2
11.1
10.5
11.3
11.2
10.7
9.8
10.7
10.6
9.9
9.8

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,561
71.7
5,880
64.2
681
10.4

6,570
71.5
5,898
64.2
672
10.2

6,637
72.1
5,989
65.1
648
9.8

6,706
72.7
6,069
65.8
637
9.5

6,702
72.6
6,085
65.9
617
9.2

6,722
72.7
6,165
66.7
557
8.3

6,796
73.6
6,172
66.8
624
9.2

6,812
73.7
6,272
67.8
540
7.9

6,828
73.8
6,297
68.0
531
7.8

6,826
73.7
6,221
67.1
605
8.9

6,749
73.0
6,158
66.6
591
8.8

6,721
72.5
6,117
66.0
604
9.0

6,954
60.5
6,345
55.2
609
8.8

7,012
60.9
6,356
55.2
656
9.4

7,001
60.7
6,368
55.2
633
9.0

7,033
60.9
6,384
55.3
649
9.2

7,012
60.7
6,390
55.3
622
8.9

7,002
60.5
6,420
55.5
582
8.3

7,127
61.4
6,521
56.2
606
8.5

7,169
61.7
6,520
56.1
648
9.0

7,131
61.3
6,482
55.7
649
9.1

7,205
61.9
6,532
56.1
673
9.3

7,153
61.4
6,593
56.6
559
7.8

7,067
60.6
6,453
55.3
614
8.7

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutlonal population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1994
July

Aug.

Sept.

1995

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

865
38.7
542
24.3
323
37.3
41.4
32.7

847
38.3
541
24.5
306
36.1
39.9
31.9

839!
37.8
570
25.7
269
32.1
30.8
33.4

910
40.9
569
25.6
341
37.5
35.9
39.1

864
38.8
579
26.0
285
33.0
32.0
34.1

817
36.6
534
23.9
283
34.6
34.3
35.0

773
34.6
499
22.3
275
35.5
34.0
37.1

887
39.5
570
25.4
317
35.7
38.7
32.4

859
38.2
591
26.3
268
31.2
31.7
30.7

907
40.2
584
25.9
323
35.6
35.4
35.8

901
39.4
585
25.6
317
35.1
40.0
30.5

918
40.4
571
25.1
347
37.8
38.7
36.8

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

18,143 18,193 18,244 18,291 18,339 18,385 18,368 18,413 18,458 18,509 18,554 18,604
11,956 12,002 11,997 12,222 12,324 12,224 12,036 12,017 12,001 12,131 12,111 12,229
65.8
66.0
65.5
65.0
65.3
66.5
67.2
66.8
65.9
65.7
65.5
65.3
10,760 10,786 10,806 11,074 11,236 11,105 10,811 10,943 10,903 11,058 10,895 11,131
59.4
59.2
59.3
59.7
59.1
58.9
60.4
61.3
60.5
59.3
59.8
58.7
1,196 1,216 1,191 1,148 1,088 1,119 1,224 1,073 1,098 1,073 1,216 1,098
9.1
9.4
9.9
8.8
8.9
10.2
9.2
8.8
10.1
10.0
9.0
10.0

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum

14




to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

A-5. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Full- and part-time status, sex,
and age

1995

1994
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

101,099
59,833
58,632
41,281
40,538
1,929

101,321
60,065
58,832
41,227
40,528
1,961

101,735
60,103
58,898
41,486
40,760
2,077

101,644
59,870
58,674
41,666
40,914
2,057

May

June

July

EMPLOYED
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

99,781 100,240 100,703 100,913 101,030 101,213
58,808 59,054 59,175 59,501 59,677 60,032
57,600 57,864 58,061 58,332 58,524 58,841
41,035 41,236 41,566 41,425 41,355 41,152
40,300 40,484 40,822 40,687 40,593 40,409
1,894
1,881
1,892 1,820
1,913 1,963

Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

22,967 22,957 23,106 23,243 23,495 23,447 23,544 23,553 23,518 23,370 23,185 22,875
7,396
7,431
7,560 7,617
7,677 7,592 7,604 7,527
7,521
7,630 7,385 7,368
5,432
5,421
5,542 5,534
5,620 5,579 5,538 5,499
5,486 5,462 5,308 5,221
15,538 15,532 15,461 15,683 15,830 15,878 15,937 16,068 15,933 15,808 15,798 15,510
13,241 13,247 13,289 13,421 13,575 13,583 13,566 13,670 13,480 13,491 13,513 13,188
4,294
4,289 4,275
4,288 4,300 4,285 4,440 4,384 4,552 4,418 4,364
4,466

101,151 101,424
59,640 59,976
58,432 58,681
41,508 41,572
40,665 40,661
2,082
2,054

UNEMPLOYED
Looking for full-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

6,521
3,776
3,392
2,730
2,456
673

6,378
3,701
3,269
2,718
2,463
646

6,257
3,613
3,150
2,744
2,474
633

6,168
3,562
3,146
2,642
2,391
631

5,987
3,458
3,031
2,591
2,345
611

5,677
3,311
2,933
2,417
2,103
641

5,938
3,270
3,066
2,538
2,290
582

5,658
3,035
2,845
2,416
2,175
638

5,805
3,236
2,952
2,443
2,252
601

6,068
3,381
3,036
2,672
2,399
633

5,972
3,600
3,148
2,469
2,188
636

5,851
3,441
2,975
2,473
2,256
621

Looking for part-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

1,477
621
285
845
541
651

1,519
628
283
909
562
674

1,411
593
254
814
523
634

1,380
590
221
823
499
660

1,342
563
271
828
509
562

1,478 1,548
649
608
298
273
878
836
553
540 [
697
665

1,507
585
214
903
587
706

1,443
512
225
902
557
661

1,570
656
294
902
550
725

1,516
618
268
886
535
714

1,534
602
262
952
607
665

Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

6.1
6.0
5.6
6.2
5.7
26.4

6.0
5.9
5.3
6.2
5.7
25.5

5.8
5.8
5.1
6.2
5.7
25.8

5.8
5.6
5.1
6.0
5.6
25.0

5.6
5.5
4.9
5.9
5.5
24.2

5.3
5.2
4.7
5.5
4.9
24.6

5.5
5.2
5.0
5.8
5.3
23.2

5.3
4.8
4.6
5.5
5.1
24.5

5.4
5.1
4.8
5.6
5.2
22.4

5.6
5.3
4.9
6.0
5.5
23.5

5.6
5.7
5.1
5.6
5.1
23.6

5.5
5.4
4.8
5.6
5.3
23.0

Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

6.0
7.7
5.0
5.2
3.9
13.2

6.2
7.8
5.0
5.5
4.1
13.6

5.8
7.3
4.4
5.0
3.8
12.9

5.6
7.2
3.8
5.0
3.6
13.3

5.4
6.8
4.6
5.0
3.6
11.6

5.9
7.4
4.7
5.0
3.8
13.4

6.2
7.9
5.1
5.2
3.9
13.6

6.0
7.2
3.8
5.3
4.1
13.9

5.8
6.4
3.9
5.4
4.0
12.7

6.3
7.9
5.1
5.4
3.9
14.1

6.1
7.7
4.8
5.3
3.8
14.1

6.3
7.6
4.8
5.8
4.4
13.0

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES1

1
These rates reflect a refined definition of the full- and part-time labor
force and differ from the rates published elsewhere in this publication




prior to 1994.

15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994

1995

Category
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

MARITAL STATUS
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

122,781 123,197 123,644 124,141 124,403 124,570 124,639 125,125 125,274 125,072 124,319 124,485
41,281 41,487 41,557 41,511 41,530 41,608 41,601 42,190 42,132 42,086 41,874 41,956
31,462 31,593 31,905 31,764 31,775 31,723 31,705 31,893 32,135 32,108 32,022 31,918
7,016
6,974 7,029 7,098
7,141
7,074
7,199
7,067
7,071
7,152
7,175
7,201

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

33,893 33,975

34,242 34,275 34,382 34,576

34,423 34,905

37,239 37,373 37,635 37,669 37,767 37,797 37,267
16,924 16,866 16,749 17,062 16,893 16,704 17,012
13,408 13,454 13,452 13,467 13,615 13,677 13,784
17,839 17,975 18,023 18,122 18,056 18,030 18,212
3,727
3,535
3,642
3,632
3,839
3,881
3,655

34,846 34,765 35,209

35,300

37,313 37,297 37,381 37,301 37,374
16,991 16,997 17,075 16,987 16,794
13,638 13,910 13,680 13,479 13,459
18,333 18,280 18,260 17,985 17,936
3,849
3,726
3,568
3,845
3,550

CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Government
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,669
1,619
50
110,345
92,064
940
91,124
18,281
8,962
140

1,728
1,654
50

1,712
1,630
63

1,764
1,652
43

1,767
1,677
48

1,738
1,714
49

1,866
1,663
35

1,987
1,674
57

1,884
1,649
70

1,747
1,560
55

1,848
1,593
46

110,576 111,100 111,686 111,770 111,960 111,987 112,,461 112,649
92,351 92,794 93,485 93,413 93,620 93,692 93 ,957 93,964
881
999
1,023
1,075
1 ,075
903
935
1,039
91,470 91,891 92,550 92,414 92,597 92,617 92,,882 92,925
18,225 18,306 18,201 18,357 18,340 18,295 18 ,504 18,685
8 ,904
8,959
9,039
9,021
8,989
8,878 8,915
8,865
120
118
131
134
131
121
95
129

112,578
93,932
988
92,945
18,646
8,848
110

112,111
93,619
913
92,705
18,493
8,763
125

112,160
93,773
866
92,907
18,387
8,765
106

4,530 4,469
2,333 2,517
1,902
1,686
17,627 18,121

4,476
2,502
1,720
17,666

4,442
2,304
1,785
17,745

,970
,684
27

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons

4,467
2,431
1,698
17,922

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons

4,273 4,173
2,272
2,318
1,583
1,661
17,308 17,314

4,348 4,333
2,396
2,404
1,697
1,618
17,955 17,609

4,154
2,290
1,646
16,982

4,411
2,394
1,736
17,756

4,226
2,257
1,756
16,992

4,246 4,254 4,430
2,282 2,272
2,359
1,689
1,737
1,690
17,101 16,917 17,307

1
Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their
jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or
industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who

16




4,422 4,693 4,460
2,384 2,504 2,372
1,777
1,739
1,734
17,576 17,940 18,041

4,411
2,394
1,791
17,644

4,187
2,216
1,687
17,381

4,347 4,171
4,289 4,185
2,226 2,328 2,364 2,158
1,747
1,854
1,624
1,698
16,991 17,232 17,034 17,056

usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week
for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994

1995

Age and sex
July
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June | July

122,781 123,197 123,644 124,141 124,403 124,570 124,639 125,125 125,274 125,072 124,319 124,485
18,842 18,951
6,164 6,204
2,5141 2,566
3,656 3,657
12,678 12,747
103,908 104,262
89,041 89,408
14,808 14,912

18,872
6,083
2,550
3,551
12,789
104,814
89,869
14,956

19,102 19,053
6,223
6,231
2,636 2,601
3,569 3,612
12,871 12,830
105,031 105,340
90,029] 90,348
15,020 15,111

19,157
6,252
2,588
3,653
12,905
105,434
90,380
15,083

19,174
6,372
2,533
3,809
12,803
105,471
90,331
15,109

19,062
6,313
2,532
3,769
12,749
106,039
90,850
15,084

19,226 19,126 18,889
6,567 6,446 6,381
2,595 2,556i 2,518
3,9551 3,886 3,882
12,660 12,680 12,508
106,123 105,939 105,429
90,964 90,777 90,597
15,102 15,057 14,881

19,053
6,576]
2,758
3,841
12,477
105,367
90,592
14,824

66,226 66,458 66,682 67,059 67,244 67,483 67,386 67,709 67,811 67,588 67,110
9,857 9,955 9,985]
3,150 3,187 3,165
1,335
1,301
1,294
1,837
1,903
1,867
6,707 6,768 6,820
56,348 56,526 56,691
48,108 48,268 48,468
8,162 8,249 8,278 [

10,110] 10,052 10,115 10,024] 10,113 10,172 10,155 9,984]
3,346 3,364 3,270
3,239 3,193 3,202 3,254 3,231
1,264
1,318
1,315
1,283
1,287
1,350
1,369
1,390
1,9461 1,934 2,017 2,043 2,015
1,845
1,821
1,834
6,714
6,826 6,791
6,881
6,859 6,913 6,771
6,871
56,969] 57,187 57,388 57.339I 57,661 57,662 57,441 57,110|
48,6471 48,857 48,945 48,926 49,238 49,270 49,023 48,882
8,366 8,212 [
8,332 8,402 8,435 8,429] 8,352 8,411

56,555 56,739 56,962 57,082 57,159 57,087 57,252 57,416 57,462 57,484 57,208
9,042 9,150 8,950
8,985 8,996 8,887 8,992 9,001
3,014 3,017 2,918 2,992 3,030 3,050 3,118 3,082
1,246
1,250
1,232
1,215
1,238
1,246
1,265
1,220
1,836
1,863
1,791
1,808
1,735
1,754] 1,714
1,789
5,992 6,032 5,868
5,979 5,969 6,000 5,971
5,971
47,560 47,736 48,123 48,062 48,153 48,046 48,131 48,378
40,933 41,140 41,401 41,382 41,491 41,435 41,405 41,613
6,6461 6,663 6,678 6,688 6,709 6,648 6,680 6,732

054
8,971
220
3,082
281
1,238
937
1,843
833
5,890
,461 48,497
694 41,753
691
6,691

8,906
3,112
1,254
1,867
5,794
48,319
41,715
6,669

A-8. Unemployed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994

1995

Age and sex
July
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over




Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

7,993

7,889

7,647

7,505

7,315

7,155

7,498

7,183

7,237

7,665

7,492

2,696
1,327
642
679
1,369]
5,278
4,629
646

2,720
1,318
636
678
5,197
4,538
6461

2,5
1,268
592
674
1,330
5,084
4,528
583

2,564
1,287
572
721
1,277
4,992
4,435
610

2,450
1,166
539
624
1,284
4,926
4,297
615

2,513
1,298
573
728
1,215
4,717
4,130
539

2,464
1,274
633
629
1,190
4,971
4,365
606

2,525
1,347
662
680
1,178
4,603
4,082
532

2,531
1,260
649
591
1,272
4,653
4,101
555

2,571
1,369
663
724
1,202
5,059
4,485
599

2,539
1,360
689
667
1,179
4,972
4,394
594

4,429

4,283

4,109|

4,074

3,924

3,896

4,0901

3,849

3,862

4,067

4,145

1,529
758
342
409
771
2,880
2,488
389

1,529
737
340
392
792
2,782
2,408
363

1,437
717
322
390
720
2,6961
2,359
336]

1,431
717
309
406
714
2,682
2,343
352

1,346
630
271
361
716]
2,626'
2,249
349

1,411
727
313
411
684
2,551
2,217
306

1,366
684
338
329
682
2,672
2,352
347

1,391
775
376]
388
616
2,420
2,136]
309

1,350
684
334
344
665
2,480]
2,187
319

1,365
728
365
393
637
2,676
2,308
372

1,394
735
369
363
659
2,758
2,405
346

3,564

3,606

3,538

3,431

3,391

3,259

3,408

3,334

3,375

3,598

3,347

1,167
569
300
270
598
2,398
2,141
257

1,191
581
296
286
610
2,415
2,130
283

1,161
551
270
284
610
2,388
2,169]
247

1,133
570
263
315
563
2,310
2,092
258

1,104
536
268
263
568
2,300
2,048
266

1,102
571
260
317
531
2,166
1,913
233

1,098
591
294
300
508
2,299
2,014
259

1,133
571
286
292
562
2,183
1,946
223

1,182
575
315
247
606
2,174
1,914j
236

1,206
641
298
331
566
2,383
2,177
227

1,145
625
320
305
520
2,214
1,989|
248

1,4021

June

July

17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Unemployment rates by age and sex, seasonally adjusted

1995

1994
Age and sex

Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

18




July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

6.1

6.0

5.8

5.7

5.6

5.4

5.7

5.4

5.5

5.8

5.7

5.6

12.5
17.7
20.3
15.7
9.7
4.8
4.9
4.2

12.6
17.5
19.9
15.6
9.9
4.7
4.8
4.2

12.1
17.2
18.8
16.0
9.4
4.6
4.8
3.8

11.8
17.1
17.8
16.8
9.0
4.5
4.7
3.9

11.4
15.8
17.2
14.7
9.1
4.5
4.5
3.9

11.6
17.2
18.1
16.6
8.6
4.3
4.4
3.5

11.4
16.7
20.0
14.2
8.5
4.5
4.6
3.9

11.7
17.6
20.7
15.3
8.5
4.2
4.3
3.4

11.6
16.1
20.0
13.0
9.1
4.2
4.3
3.5

11.8
17.5
20.6
15.7
8.7
4.6
4.7
3.8

11.8
17.6
21.5
14.7
8.6
4.5
4.6
3.8

11.7
16.4
18.5
15.2
9.0
4.4
4.5
3.8

6.3

6.1

5.8

5.7

5.5

5.5

5.7

5.4

5.4

5.7

5.8

5.5

13.4
19.4
20.9
18.0
10.3
4.9
4.9
4.5

13.3
18.8
20.7
17.1
10.5
4.7
4.8
4.2

12.6
18.5
19.4
17.5
9.5
4.5
4.6
3.9

12.4
18.1
18.2
18.1
9.4
4.5
4.6
4.1

11.8
16.5
16.5
16.5
9.5
4.4
4.4
4.0

12.2
18.5
18.8
18.2
9.0
4.3
4.3
3.5

12.0
17.4
20.9
14.5
9.1
4.5
4.6
4.0

12.1
19.4
22.6
16.7
8.2
4.0
4.2
3.6

11.7
17.0
20.2
14.6
8.9
4.1
4.2
3.7

11.8
17.8
21.7
16.1
8.6
4.5
4.5
4.3

12.3
18.4
22.6
15.2
8.9
4.6
4.7
4.0

12.0
17.4
18.4
17.4
9.0
4.3
4.3
3.9

5.9

6.0

5.8

5.7

5.6

5.4

5.6

5.5

5.5

5.9

5.5

5.7

11.5
15.9
19.7
13.1
9.1
4.8
5.0
3.7

11.7
16.1
19.0
14.0
9.3
4.8
4.9
4.1

11.6
15.9
18.2
14.2
9.3
4.7
5.0
3.6

11.2
16.0
17.4
15.4
8.6
4.6
4.8
3.7

10.9
15.0
17.9
12.8
8.7
4.6
4.7
3.8

10.9
15.8
17.4
14.9
8.1
4.3
4.4
3.4

10.7
15.9
19.1
13.9
7.8
4.6
4.6
3.7

11.2
15.6
18.7
13.7
8.7
4.3
4.5
3.2

11.5
15.2
19.8
11.3
9.4
4.3
4.4
3.4

11.9
17.2
19.4
15.2
8.8
4.7
5.0
3.3

11.4
16.7
20.4
14.0
8.2
4.4
4.6
3.6

11.3
15.2
18.6
12.8
9.0
4.5
4.7
3.7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics, seasonally adjusted
1995

1994
Category
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct,

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

6.1
5.5
5.3
17.7

6.0
5.3
5.3
17.5

5.8
5.1
5.2
17.2

5.7
5.0
5.0
17.1

5.6
4.9
5.0
15.8

5.4
4.7
4.7
17.2

5.7
5.0
4.9
16.7

5.4
4.6
4.8
17.6

5.5
4.7
4.9
16.1

5.8
4.9
5.2
17.5

5.7
5.1
4.8
17.6

5.6
4.8
5.0
16.4

5.7
4.7
5.1
18.2

5.3
10.3
11.2
10.0

5.2
10.6
11.3
10.1

5.1
10.2
10.7
9.9

5.0
10.4
11.1
9.4

4.8
9.8
10.5
8.8

4.8
9.2
9.8
9.2

4.9
9.5
10.2
10.2

4.7
9.4
10.1
8.9

4.7
9.2
9.8
9.1

5.0
9.8
10.7
8.8

5.0
9.1
9.9
10.0

4.8
9.8
10.6
9.0

4.8
10.1
11.1
8.8

3.6
4.0
7.9

3.5
4.1
8.8

3.4
4.0
8.9

3.3
4.0
8.9

3.2
3.9
8.7

3.2
3.7
8.8

3.4
3.7
8.9

3.0
3.6
8.1

3.2
3.9
7.6

3.4
4.2
9.0

3.4
3.9
8.0

3.4
3.8
8.4

3.4
4.1
8.5

2.7
4.8
5.9
9.3
9.4

2.6
4.9
6.1
8.8
8.6

2.5
4.7
6.0
8.4
8.2

2.5
4.5
5.8
8.5
8.4

2.4
4.6
5.6
8.3
7.5

2.3
4.3
5.7
8.2
7.8

2.3
4.6
5.8
8.2
7.8

2.2
4.4
5.4
7.6
7.2

2.5
4.3
5.2
7.5
8.0

2.5
4.8
6.0
7.9
8.5

2.2
4.6
6.2
8.7
9.2

2.5
4.5
5.8
8.5
8.6

2.6
4.4
6.6
8.4
7.6

6.3
6.8
6.0
11.1
5.6
5.5
5.8
6.1
5.1
7.5
3.7
5.9
3.4
12.1

6.1
6.5
5.0
10.7
5.3
5.3
5.3
6.0
4.8
7.4
3.7
5.7
3.6
11.1

6.0
6.5
5.1
10.7
5.3
5.3
5.4
5.8
4.5
7.0
4.3
5.5
3.2
11.1

5.9
6.4
4.7
10.7
5.1
4.8
5.6
5.7
4.4
7.2
3.4
5.3
3.2
10.3

5.9
6.3
4.5
10.7
5.1
4.3
6.0
5.7
4.6
7.0
3.6
5.4
2.7
10.4

5.6
6.2
3.9
10.9
4.9
4.6
5.4
5.4
4.2
6.7
2.9
5.2
3.1
11.1

5.7
6.4
5.1
11.7
4.7
4.2
5.4
5.4
4.7
6.6
2.9
5.2
3.2
10.7

5.5
5.8
5.2
10.5
4.4
3.9
5.0
5.4
4.5
6.4
3.5
5.2
2.8
9.1

5.5
6.0
6.1
10.8
4.5
4.2
4.9
5.4
4.5
6.2
3.3
5.3
2.7
10.5

5.9
6.4
4.3
11.8
4.8
4.4
5.4
5.7
4.6
6.8
3.4
5.6
3.1
11.3

6.0
7.2
4.9
12.6
5.5
5.3
6.0
5.6
4.0
6.7
3.7
5.5
2.8
12.5

5.7
6.4
4.4
10.6
5.2
4.2
6.6
5.4
4.5
6.2
3.3
5.5
3.2
11.9

5.9
6.5
3.4
10.9
5.2
4.8
5.8
5.7
4.7
6.6
3.5
5.8
2.8
9.7

CHARACTERISTIC
Total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
OCCUPATION1
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

1
Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not available
because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle




and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)

1995

1994
Reasons for unemployment
July

Aug. Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

3,863
1,031
2,832
770
2,766
594

3,706 3,574 3,513 3,495 3,442 3,658 3,339 3,352
1,012 824 848 881
930 1,061 1,025 1,032
2,694 2,750 2,665 2,614 2,512 2,598 2,314 2,320
786 874 755 710 704 694 773 811
2,758 2,620 2,626 2,575 2,525 2,488 2,474 2,430
621
600 614 578 555 597 582 604

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,532 3,614 3,423 3,615
1,145 958 1,066 1,184
2,387 2,657 2,357 2,431
817 870 834 832
2,779 2,458 2,526 2,593
637 522 540 571

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
,
New entrants
,

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
48.3 47.1 46.6 46.8 47.5 47.6 49.2 46.6 46.6 45.5 48.4 46.7 47.5
12.9 12.9 10.7 11.3 12.0 12.9 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.7 12.8 14.6 15.6
35.4 34.2 35.9 35.5 35.5 34.8 34.9 32.3 32.2 30.7 35.6 32.2 31.9
9.6 10.0 11.4 10.1
9.3 10.8 11.3 10.5 11.7 11.4 10.9
9.7
9.6
34.6 35.0 34.2 35.0 35.0 34.9 33.4 34.5 33.8 35.8 32.9 34.5 34.1
8.2
7.8
7.9
8.1
7.4
7.0
8.2
8.4
7.5
7.4
8.0
7.7
7.9

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
,
New entrants

3.0
.6
2.1
.5

2.8
.6
2.1
.5

2.7
•7
2.0
.5

2.7
.6
2.0
.5

2.7
.5
2.0
.4

2.6
.5
1.9
.4

2.8
.5
1.9
.5

2.5
.6
1.9
.4

2.5
.6
1.8
.5

2.7
.6
2.1
.5

2.6
.6
1.9
.4

2.7
.7
1.9
.4

2.7
.6
2.0
.4

A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1995

1994
Duration

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

2,768
2,365
2,823
1,234
1,589

2,655
2,572
2,773
1,198
1,575

2,675
2,294
2,768
1,213
1,555

2,434
2,256
2,934
1,344
1,590

2,599
2,163
2,661
1,187
1,474

2,587
2,149
2,456
1,088
1,368

2,937
2,122
2,386
1,033
1,353

2,600
2,165
2,298
1,090
1,207

2,523
2,319
2,266
920
1,347

2,629
2,430
2,505
1,115
1,390

2,598
2,304
2,585
1,282
1,303

2,742
2,348
2,299
1,096
1,203

2,600
2,621
2,319
1,023
1,297

19.0
9.2

18.9
9.2

18.8
9.5

19.3
10.1

18.2
9.1

17.8
8.7

16.7
7.9

16.9
7.8

17.5
7.9

17.7
8.5

16.9
9.0

15.6
7.5

16.5
9.1

100.0
34.8
29.7
35.5
15.5
20.0

100.0
33.2
32.1
34.7
15.0
19.7

100.0
34.6
29.6
35.8
15.7
20.1

100.0
31.9
29.6
38.5
17.6
20.9

100.0
35.0
29.1
35.8
16.0
19.9

100.0
36.0
29.9
34.1
15.1
19.0

100.0
39.4
28.5
32.0
13.9
18.2

100.0
36.8
30.7
32.5
15.4
17.1

100.0
35.5
32.6
31.9
12.9
18.9

100.0
34.8
32.1
33.1
14.7
18.4

100.0
34.7
30.8
34.5
17.1
17.4

100.0
37.1
31.8
31.1
14.8
16.3

100.0
34.5
34.8
30.8
13.6
17.2

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

20




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1995
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

198,615
14,531
7,418
7,113
17,905
114,002
40,769
19,010
21,759
42,238
22,045
20,193
30,995
17,484
13,510
20,711
10,893
9,818
31,465
9,759
8,614
13,092

134,440
9,681
4,253
5,428
14,422
94,817
34,216
15.889
18,326
35,510
18,405
17,104
25,091
14,559
10,533
11,779
7,410
4,369
3,742
2,069
1,057
615

67.7
66.6
57.3
76.3
80.5
83.2
83.9
83.6
84.2
84.1
83.5
84.7
81.0
83.3
78.0
56.9
68.0
44.5
11.9
21.2
12.3
4.7

126,548
7,965
3,361
4,604
13,075
90,599
32,407
15,037
17,370
33,952
17,580
16,371
24,240
14,076
10,164
11,333
7,145
4,187
3,576
1,970
1,015
591

95,191
7,373
3,790
3,583
8,874
55,958
20,065
9,337
10,727
20,782
10,845
9,937
15,111
8,569
6,542
9,856
5,232
4,625
13,130
4,437
3,782
4,911

72,743
5,133
2,303
2,830
7,750
51,261
18,695
8,648
10,047
19,098
9,942
9,156
13,468
7,785
5,683
6,504
4,022
2,483
2,095
1,136
578
381

76.4
69.6
60.8
79.0
87.3
91.6
93.2
92.6
93.7
91.9
91.7
92.1
89.1
90.8
86.9
66.0
76.9
53.7
16.0
25.6
15.3
7.7

103,424
7,158
3,628
3,531
9,031
58,044
20,704
9,672
11,032
21,456
11,200
10,256
15,884
8,915
6,969
10,855
5,661
5,194
18,335
5,322
4,832
8,181

61,696
4,547
1,950
2,598
6,671
43,556
15,521
7,242
8,279
16,411
8,464
7,948
11,624
6,774
4,850
5,275
3,389
1,886
1,647
933
479
235

59.7
63.5
53.7
73.6
73.9
75.0
75.0
74.9
75.0
76.5
75.6
77.5
73.2
76.0
69.6
48.6
59.9
36.3
9.0
17.5
9.9
2.9

Employed
Percent
of
population

Unemployed

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

63.7
54.8
45.3
64.7
73.0
79.5
79.5
79.1
79.8
80.4
79.7
81.1
78.2
80.5
75.2
54.7
65.6
42.6
11.4
20.2
11.8
4.5

3,810
469
217
252
413
2,137
801
373
428
721
366
355
615
315
300
406
222
184
386
170
124
91

122,738
7,496
3,144
4,352
12,663
88,462
31,606
14,664
16,942
33,231
17,214
16,017
23,625
13,761
9,864
10,927
6,923
4,004
3,190
1,800
890
500

68,750
4,217
1,830
2,387
7,093
49,159
17,783
8,196
9,588
18,354
9,591
8,762
13,022
7,530
5,492
6,270
3,889
2,381
2,010
1,088
557
365

72.2
57.2
48.3
66.6
79.9
87.9
88.6
87.8
89.4
88.3
88.4
88.2
86.2
87.9
84.0
63.6
74.3
51.5
15.3
24.5
14.7
7.4

2,864
379
187
192
349
1,552
607
282
325
514
257
257
430
229
201
282
150
132
302
133
91
78

65,886
3,839
1,644
2,195
6,744
47,608
17,176
7,913
9,263
17,839
9,334
8,505
12,592
7,301
5,291
5,988
3,739
2,249
1,708
955
466
287

3,993
916
473
443
657
2,102

57,798
3,748
1,531
2,217
5,982
41,440
14,624
6,841
7,783
15,598
7,989
7,609
11,218
6,546
4,672
5,062
3,256
1,806
1,566
882
458
227

55.9
52.4
42.2
62.8
66.2
71.4
70.6
70.7
70.5
72.7
71.3
74.2
70.6
73.4
67.0
46.6
57.5
34.8
8.5
16.6
9.5
2.8

946
91
31
60
63
585
193
90
103
207
109
97
185
86
98
124
73
51
84
37
33
13

56,852
3,657
1,501
2,157
5,919
40,855
14,430
6,751
7,680
15,392
7,880
7,512
11,033
6,460
4,573
4,938
3,184
1,755
1,482
845
424
213

3,899

Total

Percent
of
population

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

7,892
1,715
891
824
1,346
4,218
1,809
852

956
1,558
825
733
852
483
368
447
265
182

166
99
42
24

5.9
17.7
21.0
15.2
9.3
4.4
5.3
5.4
5.2
4.4
4.5
4.3
3.4
3.3
3.5
3.8
3.6
4.2
4.4
4.8
4.0
3.9

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

912
452
460
744
350

394
445
255
191
234
133
101
84
48

21
16

5.5
17.8
20.5
15.7
8.5
4.1
4.9
5.2
4.6
3.9
3.5
4.3
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.6
3.3
4.1
4.0
4.2
3.6
4.2

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over




799
418
381

690
2,116
897
400

496
813
475
339
406
228
178

213
132
80
81
52
22
8

6.3
17.6
21.5
14.7
10.3
4.9
5.8
5.5
6.0
5.0
5.6
4.3
3.5
3.4
3.7
4.0
3.9
4.3
4.9
5.5
4.5
3.4

21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1995
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

166,931
11,479
5,821
5,658
14,298
95,009
33,356
15,476
17,881
35,233
18,353
16,880
26,420
14,833
11,587
17,985
9,411
8,575
28,160
8,545
7,698
11,918

113,747
8,023
3,526
4,497
11,867
80,078
28,378
13,153
15,225
30,008
15,533
14,475
21,692
12,505
9,187
10,370
6,474
3,896
3,409
1,866
972
571

68.1
69.9
60.6
79.5
83.0
84.3
85.1
85.0
85.2
85.2
84.6
85.8
82.1
84.3
79.3
57.7
68.8
45.4
12.1
21.8
12.6
4.8

108,096

80,741
5.862
2,994
2,868
7,153
47,253
16,652
7,717
8,935
17,572
9,166
6,405
13,029
7,344
5,685
8,652
4,566
4,087
11,820
3,918
3,361
4,521

62,255
4,279
1,902
2,377
6,429
43,825
15,682
7,243
8,438
16,380
8,542
7,838
11,764
6,758
5,006
5,815
3,560
2,255
1,906
1,025
528
353

77.1
73.0
63.5
82.9
89.9
92.7
94.2
93.9
94.4
93.2
93.2
93.2
90.3
92.0
88.1
67.2
78.0
55.2
18.1
28.2
15.6
7.8

59,386
3,681
1,581
2,100
6,006

86,190
5,616
2,826
2,790
7,145
47,756
16,704
7,759
8,945
17,661
9,187
8,475
13,391
7,489
5,902
9,333
4,845
4,488
16,340
4,627
4,317
7,397

51,493
3,744
1,625
2,119
5,438
36,252
12,697
5,910
6,787
13,628
6,991
6,637
9,928
5,747
4,181
4,555
2,915
1,640
1,503
841
444
218

59.7
66.7
57.5
76.0
76.1
75.9
76.0
76.2
75.9
77.2
76.1
78.3
74.1
76.7
70.8
48.8
60.2
36.5
9.2
18.2
10.3

Employed
Percent
of
population

Total

Percent
of
population

Unemployed

Agriculture

Percent
of
labor
force

Nonagricultural
industries

WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

64.8
60.0
50.0
70.3
76.9
81.0
81.1
81.1
81.1
81.9
81.5
82.5
79.5
81.7
76.7
55.7
66.6
43.7
11.6
20.9
12.1
4.6

3,508
452
208
244
379
1,920
724
344
380
648
337
311
549
273
276
392
213
179
364
160
120
84

104,588
6,433
2,702
3,731
10,612
75,024
26,340
12,211
14,129
28,220
14,613
13,607
20,464
11,853
8,611
9,620
6,054
3,566
2,899
1,622
812

5,651
1,138
617
521
876
3,134
1,314
598
717
1,140
583
557
679
380
300
358
207
150
146
84
40
22

5.0
14.2
17.5
11.6
7.4
3.9
4.6
4.5
4.7
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.1
3.0
3.3
3.4
3.2
3.9
4.3
4.5
4.1
3.8

509
340

73.6
62.8
52.8
73.2
84.0
89.4
90.1
89.6
90.5
90.1
90.4
89.7
87.6
89.2
85.4
65.1
75.9
53.0
15.5
25.1
15.0
7.5

2,603
368
179
189
316
1,367
542
256
286
450
234
216
375
191
184
273
142
131
280
122
86
71

56,783
3,313
1,403
1,910
5,691
40,869
14,456
6,656
7,800
15,379
8,055
7,324
11,033
6,363
4,670
5,360
3,325
2,034
1,551
860
422

269

2,868
598
320
278
422
1,590
684
332
352
551
253
298
355
204
152
183
92
90
75
43
19
14

4.6
14.0
16.8
11.7
6.6
3.6
4.4
4.6
4.2
3.4
3.0
3.8
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.1
2.6
4.0
4.0
4.2
3.6
3.9

48,710
3,204
1,328
1,876
4,985
34,709
12,066
5,643
6,423
13,039
6,661
6,378
9,604
5,571
4,033
4,380
2,800
1,580
1,433
800
423
210

56.5
57.0
47.0
67.2
69.8
72.7
72.2
72.7
71.8
73.8
72.5
75.3
71.7
74.4
68.3
46.9
57.8
35.2
8.8
17.3
9.8
2.8

905
84
29
55
64
553
182
88
94
198
103
95
173
82
92
119
71
49
85
38
33
13

47,805
3,120
1,299
1,821
4,921
34,155
11,884
5,555
6,329
12,841
6,558
6,283
9,431
5,490
3,941
4,261
2,729
1,532
1,348
762
389
197

2,783
540
297
243
453
1,544
631
266
364
589
330
259
324
176
148
175
115
60
70
42
21
8

5.4
14.4
18.3
11.5
8.3
4.3
5.0
4.5
5.4
4.3
4.7
3.9
3.3
3.1
3.5
3.8
3.9
3.7
4.7
4.9
4.7
3.7

6,885

2,909
3,976
10,991
76,944

27,064
12,555

14,509
28,868
14,950
13,918
21,012
12,125
8,887
10,012
6,267
3,745

3,263
1,782

931
550

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19yeare
16 to 17 years
18 to 19year8
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

42,236
14,996
6,912
8,086
15,829
8,290
7,540
11,408
6,554
4,854
5,633
3,467
2,165
1,831
982

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

22




2.9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1995
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent
of
population

Total

Percent
of
population

Unemployed

culture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

13,165
777
356
421
1,437
9,787
3,855
1,789
2,066
3,692
1,934
1,758
2,241
1,353
888
938
618
320
226
140
59
27

1,782
474
223
251
378
844
390
196
193
329
197
132
125
80
45
70
49
21
16
12
3
2

6,378
393
193
200
690
4,737
1,916
867
1,048
1,747
913
834
1,074
651
423
442
289
154
115
70
33
12

867
249
122
127
184
386
181
95
86
144
73
71
61
38
24
40
32
7
9
5
2
2

6,786
383
163
221
747
5,051
1,939
922
1,017
1,944
1,021
924
1,167
702
465
495
329
166
111
69
26
15

915
225
101
125
194
458
209
102
107
185
124
61
64
42
21
30
17
14
7
7
1

Percent
of
labor
force

BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

23,249
2,273
1,211
1,062
2,561
13,783
5,369
2,545
2,824
5,148
2,736
2,413
3,266
1,889
1,377
2,060
1,092

967
2,572

959
673
940

15,062
1,255

582
673
1,827
10,715
4,268
1,996
2,272
4,051
2,141
1,910
2,396
1,447

949
1,009

669
340
256
159
64
33

64.8
55.2
48.1
63.4
71.4
77.7
79.5
78.4
80.5
78.7
78.2
79.2
73.4
76.6
68.9
49.0
61.3
35.1

9.9
16.6

9.5
3.5

13,280

781
359
422
1,449
9,871
3,878
1,799
2,079
3,722
1,943
1,778
2,271
1,367

904
939
620
319
239
147
61
31

57.1
34.4
29.7
39.7
56.6
71.6
72.2
70.7
73.6
72.3
71.0
73.7
69.5
72.4
65.6
45.6
56.8
32.9
9.3
15.4
9.1
3.3

115
5
4
1
12
84
23
10
13
30
9
21
30
14
16
1
2

62.3
35.4
32.8
38.5
60.1
77.5
80.1
77.9
81.9
76.2
75.1
77.4
75.2
77.2
72.3
49.2
59.7
36.9
12.8
18.6
12.2
5.2

107
3
4

14
8
3
3

11.8
37.8
38.3
37.3
20.7
7.9
9.1
9.8
8.5
8.1
9.2
6.9
5.2
5.5
4.8
6.9
7.3
6.2
6.3
7.3

(1)

(1)

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

10,411
1,120

600
519
1,168
6,216
2,422
1,127
1,295
2,332
1,227
1,104
1,462

858
604
902
488
414
1,007

418
291
298

7,353

645
319
327
886
5,200
2,120

972
1,148
1,919

995
925
1,161

700
461
483
323
160
138
83
37
17

70.6
57.6
53.1
62.9
75.9
83.7
87.5
86.3
88.6
82.3
81.0
83.7
79.4
81.6
76.2
53.6
66.3
38.7
13.7
19.8
12.9

5.8

6,486

397
197
200
702
4,814
1,939

877
1,062
1,776

922
854
1,099

662
437
444
291
153
129
78
35
15

12
77
23
10
13
28
8
20
25
11
28
2
2
14
8
3
3

11.8
38.5
38.2
38.8
20.7
7.4
8.5
9.7
7.5
7.5
7.4
7.6
5.3
5.4
5.1
8.2
9.9
4.6
6.5
6.1
1

()
(1)

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
1

12,837
1,153

610
543
1,393
7,568
2,947
1,419
1,528
2,817
1,508
1,309
1,804
1,031

773
1,158

605
553
1,565

541
382
642

7,709

610
263
347
941
5,515
2,148
1,024
1,124
2,131
1,146

986
1,235

747
488
525
346
180
118
76
27
15

60.1
52.9
43.2
63.8
67.6
72.9
72.9
72.2
73.6
75.7
76.0
75.3
68.5
72.4
63.2
45.4
57.2
32.5

7.5
14.0

7.0
2.4

6,794

385
163
222
747
5,057
1,940

922
1,018
1,946
1,022

924
1,172

705
467
495
329
166
111
69
26
15

52.9
33.3
26.6
40.9
53.6
66.8
65.8
65.0
66.6
69.1
67.7
70.6
64.9
68.3
60.4
42.7
54.4
30.0
7.1
12.8
6.8
2.4

11.9
37.0
38.3
35.9
20.7
8.3
9.7
9.9
9.5
8.7
10.8
6.2
5.2
5.7
4.4
5.8
4.9
7.6
6.2
8.7

(1)

(1)

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over

Total
Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

196,859
132,783
67.5
124,503
3,732
120,770
8,281
6.2
64,076

198,615
134,440
67.7
126,548
3,810
122,738

87,123
67,138

87,818
67,610
77.0
64,533
2,485
62,047
3,077
4.6
20,208

95,469
56,320
59.0
53,169

96,265

14,267
9,325
65.4
7,698

872

57,149
59.4
54,050
855

52,297
3,150
5.6
39,150

53,194
3,100
5.4
39,116

375
7,323
1,628
17.5
4,941

165,576
112,514
68.0
106,447
3,473
102,973
6,067
5.4
53,062

166,931
113,747
68.1
108,096
3,508
104,588
5,651
5.0
53,184

74,308
57,667
77.6
55,065
2,286
52,779

74,879

79,983

57,975
77.4
55,705
2,235
53,470
2,270

47,088

80,574
47,748

11,285
7,759

58.9
44,725
829
43,896
2,363
5.0
32,895

59.3
45,506
821

68.8
6,657

22,883
14,811
64.7

23,249
15,062
13,280
115
13,165
1,782

11.7
8,072

11.8
8,187

11,498
6,982
60.7
6,349
23
6,326
633
9.1
4,515

11,684

13,072
164
12,908
1,739

9,153
6,625
72.4
5,953
127
5,827
672
10.1
2,527

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

7,892

5.9
64,175

77.1
63,636
2,486
61,150
3,503
5.2
19,985

White
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

2,601
4.5
16,641

3.9

16,903

44,685
2,242
4.7
32,826

358
6,298
1,102
14.2
3,526

Black
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

24




64.8

9,292
6,707
72.2
6,089
104

5,985
618
9.2
2,584

7,099
60.8
6,409
6
6,403
690
9.7
4,585

2,233
1,204
53.9
769
15
755
434

36.1
1,029

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1995
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time

Part
time

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

5,835
3,188
2,647

3,390
1,638
1,752

58.1
51.4
66.2

2,984
1,343
1,641

1,116
341
775

1,868
1,002
867

406
295
111

203
125
78

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

2,136
3,699
2,510
1,188

909
2,481
1,502
979

42.5
67.1
59.8
82.4

691
2,293
1,362
931

144
972
480
492

548
1,321
881
439

218
188
140
48

88
115
80
35

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

2,805
1,609
1,196

1,639
832
807

58.4
51.7
67.4

1,437
666
771

611
200
410

826
465
361

202
167
35

105
77
29

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

1,159
1,646
1,178
468

525
1,114
732
383

45.3
67.7
62.1
81.8

394
1,043
675
368

92
519
302
217

302
524
373
151

131
71
57
14

62
43
31
13

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

3,030
1,579
1,451

1,751
806
945

57.8
51.0
65.2

1,547
677
870

505
141
364

1,042
536
506

204
128
75

98
49
49

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

977
2,053
1,332
720

384
1,367
770
597

39.3
66.6
57.8
82.8

298
1,249
687
563

52
453
179
274

246
796
508
288

87
117
83
34

26
72
49
22

4,407
2,339
2,068

2,785
1,319
1,466

63.2
56.4
70.9

2,515
1,124
1,391

955
299
656

1,560
825
734

270
194
76

128
80
48

Men
Women

2,149
2,258

1,382
1,403

64.3
62.1

1,236
1,279

528
427

708
852

146
123

74
54

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

1,480
2,927
1,946
981

675
2,110
1,266
843

45.6
72.1
65.1
86.0

537
1,978
1,167
811

100
856
423
432

437
1,123
744
379

138
131
99
33

55
73
52
20

947
587
360

425
229
195

44.8
39.1
54.3

321
154
167

108
33
74

213
120
93

104
75
29

60
34
26

Men
Women

416
531

177
248

42.5
46.7

143
178

89
124

34
70

19
41

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

471
475
339
136

182
242
155
87

38.7
51.0
45.8
63.9

122
198
125
73

38

84
129

60
44
30
14

24
36
23
13

800
491
308

363
198
165

45.4
40.4
53.4

301
150
152

119
35
83

182
114
68

62
49
13

14
9
5

Men
Women

425
374

182
180

42.9
48.2

140
161

59
59

81
102

42
19

12
2

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

429
370
257
113

148
215
140
76

34.4
58.2
54.3
67.0

108
193
120
73

32
86
46
40

76
106
73
33

39
23
20
3

6
7
5
3

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

See footnotes at end of table.




25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1995
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time

Unemployed
Looking
for
full-time
work

Part
time

Looking
for
part-time
work

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
26,601
11,343
15,258

20,712
8,043
12,670

77.9
70.9
83.0

18,057
6,623
11,434

12,513
3,173
9,340

5,544
3,450
2,094

2,656
1,420
1,236

2,070
956
1,114

586
464
122

9,281
8,372
7,152
1,796

5,891
6,896
6,301
1,625

63.5
82.4
88.1
90.5

4,606
5,987
5,937
1,527

2,279
4,510
4,394
1.330

2,327
1,478
1,543
197

1,285
908
364
98

887
777
317
90

398
131
48
8

13,441
5,764
7,678

11,245
4,301
6,944

83.7
74.6
90.4

9,874
3,552
6,322

7,377
1,905
5,473

2,497
1,647
849

1,371
749
621

1,114
524
590

257
225
32

4,977
4,278
3,430
757

3,564
3,842
3,137
703

71.6
89.8
91.5
92.9

2,847
3,391
2,966
670

1,604
2,832
2,328
614

1,243
559
638
56

717
450
171
33

524
404
155
30

193
46
15
3

13,160
5,579
7,580

9,468
3,742
5,726

71.9
67.1
75.5

8,183
3,071
5.112

5,136
1,269
3,867

3,047
1,802
1,245

1,285
671
614

956
432
524

329
239
90

4,304
4,094
3,722
1,039

2,327
3,054
3,164
922

54.1
74.6
85.0
88.8

1,759
2,596
2,971
857

675
1,678
2.067
716

1,084
919
904
141

568
458
194
65

363
372
161
60

205
85
32
6

21,370
9,140
12,230

17,105
6,705
10,400

80.0
73.4
85.0

15,361
5,760
9,600

10,609
2,760
7,849

4,752
3,001
1,751

1,744
944
800

1,327
610
717

417
334
83

10,867
10,503

9,326
7,779

85.8
74.1

8,452
6,909

6,316
4,293

2,136
2,616

874
870

700
626

174
244

7,189
6,615
5,994
1,571

4,783
5,541
5,352
1,430

66.5
83.8
89.3
91.0

3.917
4,986
5,109
1,349

1,910
3,733
3,783
1,183

2,006
1,253
1,326
166

866
555
243
81

566
476
210
74

300
78
33
6

3,887
1,687
2,201

2,658
1.026
1,632

68.4
60.9
74.1

1,910
627
1,282

1,347
296
1,052

562
332
231

748
399
349

607
290
316

142
109
33

Men
Women

1,872
2,016

1,355
1,303

72.4
64.6

956
953

711
637

246
317

399
350

331
276

68
74

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

1,550
1,381
821
134

798
1,058
679
123

51.4
76.6
82.7
91.9

468
752
579
111

229
593
433
92

239
159
146
19

330
306
100
13

247
260
90
10

82
46
11
3

3,653
1,389
2,264

2,608
873
1,735

71.4
62.8
76.7

2,171
648
1,523

1.573
352
1,221

598
296
302

437
224
212

363
168
195

74
56
18

Men
Women

1,880
1,772

1,613
995

85.8
56.1

1,373
798

1,043
530

330
268

240
197

207
156

33
41

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

1,886
1,052

1,198
801
566
43

63.5
76.1
86.5
1

922
697
512
41

635
530
377
32

288
167
135
9

276
104
55
2

224
84
53
2

52
20
2

Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and
college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin

26



()

groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-16. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race
(In thousands)
July 1995
Employed1

Unemployed

Full-time workers

Part-time workers

At work

At work2

Age, sex, and race

1 to 34
hours for
economic
or
noneconomic
reasons

Not
at
work

Total

Part time
for
noneconomic
reasons

Not
at
work

Looking
for
full-time
work

Total

35
hours

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

104,505
3,514
967
2,547
100,990
10,114
90,876
79,942
10,933

87,162
3,018
793
2,226
84,144
8,823
75,320
66,457
8,863

9,312
413
144
269
8,898
930
7,969
7,003
966

8,031
83
30
53
7,949
362
7,587
6,482
1,105

22,043
4,451
2,394
2,057
17,592
2.961
14,632
10,657
3,975

3,446
733
283
450
2,713
696
2,017
1,745
273

16,319
3,485
1,954
1,532
12,834
2,111
10,723
7,473
3,251

2,278
233
158
75
2,045
154
1,891
1,439
451

6,418
1,081
417
663
5,337
1,192
4,145
3,692
453

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

61,782
2,105
59,677
5,883
53,794
47,106
6,687

53,327
1,825
51,502
5,266
46,236
40,656
5,581

4,909
239
4,671
459
4,211
3,610
601

3,545
41
3,504
158
3,346
2,841
505

6,968
2,113
4,856
1,210
3,646
2,053
1,593

1,495
385
1,110
335
775
643
132

5,023
1,628
3,395
820
2,574
1,255
1,320

450
99
351
54
297
156
141

3,467
600
2,867
618
2,249
1,987
261

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

42,723
1,409
41,313
4,231
37,082
32,836
4,246

33,834
1,193
32,641
3,558
29,084
25,801
3,282

4,402
175
4,228
470
3,757
3,393
364

4,486
42
4,444
203
4,241
3,641
600

15,075
2,339
12,736
1,751
10,986
8,604
2,382

1,951
348
1,603
361
1,243
1,102
141

11,296
1,857
9,439
1,290
8,149
6,218
1,931

1,828
134
1,694
100
1,594
1,284
310

2,951
480
2,470
574
1,897
1,705
192

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

53,461
1,856
51,605
4,988
46,618
40,615
6,002

46,127
1,606
44,521
4,472
40,049
35,010
5,039

4,270
217
4,053
397
3,656
3,129
528

3,065
33
3,032
119
2,912
2,477
436

5,925
1,825
4,100
1,018
3,081
1,620
1,461

1,212
332
880
269
611
500
111

4,322
1,406
2,916
706
2,211
989
1,222

391
88
303
44
259
131
129

2,472
378
2,093
396
1,697
1,491
206

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

35,356
1,203
34,153
3,518
30,635
27,006
3,629

27,798
1,017
26,781
2,954
23,827
21,052
2,776

3,774
153
3,621
399
3,223
2,886
336

3,783
33
3,750
165
3,585
3,068
517

13,354
2,001
11,353
1.467
9,886
7,702
2,184

1,595
312
1,283
303
980
861
119

10,105
1,576
8,529
1,080
7,449
5,672
1,777

1,654
113
1,541
84
1,457
1,169
288

2,022
312
1,711
368
1,342
1,185
157

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,749
181
5.568
583
4,985
4,508
477

4,936
158
4,778
513
4,264
3,897
367

456
15
441
44
397
344
53

7
349
26
323
266
57

737
216
521
119
402
306
96

207
38
170
44
126
112
14

481
169
312
65
247
177

49
9
40
10
29
16
13

773
177
597
173
424
380
44

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years

5,568
148
5,420
543
4,877
4,426
451

4,519
124
4,395
470
3,926
3,572
354

468
16
453
45
408
381
27

580
9
572
29
543
473
70

1,226
236
989
204
786
631
154

254
25
229
37
192
176
16

845
195
651
158
493
374
118

126
17
110
9
101
81
20

762
148
614
169
445
420
25

Part time for
economic
reasons

TOTAL

White

Black

55 years and over

1
Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on their usual
weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are at work during the
reference week. Persons absent from work are also classified according to their usual




status.
2
Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason for
working part time.

27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17. Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Men

Total
16 years
and over

Occupation

July
1995

16 years
and over

Women
20 years
and over

16 years
and over

20 years
and over

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

124,503 126,548 67,649

68,750

63,636

64,533

56,854

57,798

53,169

33,476
16,501
651
11,524
4,322
16,975
1,883
1,182
583
947
2,683
706
3,738
852
4,402

35,302
17,482
753
12,344
4,384
17,821
2,006
1,202
520
998
2,894
741
4,018
951
4,491

17,439
9,500
371
7,081
2,047
7,938
1,716
763
396
746
318
401
895
606
2,097

18,578
10,062
395
7,640
2,028
8,515
1,843
769
391
757
436
410
1,051
690
2,168

17,302
9,451
370
7,036
2,045
7,851
1,714
761
396
743
317
401
874
606
2,038

18,394
10,022
394
7,605
2,022
8,372
1,837
769
389
757
436
411
1,003
690
2,080

16,037
7,000
280
4,443
2,275
9,037
167
419
186
201
2,365
305
2,843
246
2,305

16,725
7,419
358
4,704
2,357
9,305
163
433
129
240
2,457
331
2,967
261
2,323

15,855
6,953
278
4,401
2,272
8,902
167
418
184
201
2,363
304
2,795
246
2,223

37,491
3,927
1,631
1,216
1,081
14,921
4,469
2,362
1,508
6,497
85
18,643
737
540
4,319
2,357
934
9,756

38,125
4,076
1,663
1,279
1,134
15,391
4,534
2,375
1,547
6,848
87
18,658
751
486
4,185
2,318
1,055
9,863

13,406
1,901
294
962
645
7,527
2,805
1,418
1,120
2,166
18
3,978
277
228
106
235
572
2,560

13,700
2,039
349
1,014
676
7,703
2,759
1,336
1,232
2,361
15
3,958
323
205
98
186
655
2,493

12,711
1,869
293
936
641
7,084
2,795
1,402
1,111
1,762
16
3,758
274
211
97
223
542
2,410

12,895
2,006
347
985
674
7,175
2,724
1,321
1,229
1,886
15
3,714
322
199
92
185
617
2,299

24,085
2,026
1,337
254
436
7,394
1,664
945
388
4,330
67
14,665
460
312
4,213
2,122
362
7,196

24,425
2,037
1,314
265
458
7,688
1,775
1,039
315
4,487
72
14,700
428
281
4,087
2,133
401
7,370

22,327
1,997
1,319
251
427
6,255
1,647
934
379
3,231
64
14,074
458
297
4,096
2,097
352
6,775

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

17,440
878
2,314
14,248
6,061
2,176
3,178
2,833

17,211
838
2,345
14,028
5,849
2,355
2,975
2,848

7,052
38
1,882
5,132
2,550
267
1,728
588

6,946
38
1,958
4,950
2,399
300
1,648
603

5,884
25
1,787
4,073
1,795
245
1,551
482

5,760
30
1,886
3,844
1,646
286
1,449
464

10,388
841
432
9,116
3,511
1,910
1,449
2,245

10,266
801
388
9,077
3,450
2,055
1,328
2,245

8,950
683
342
7,925
2,703
1,823
1,370
2,029

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,730
4,537
5,273
3,920

13,742
4,419
5,318
4,004

12,502
4,327
5,164
3,011

12,505
4,257
5,181
3,067

12,170
4,213
5,011
2,946

12,115
4,161
4,944
3,010

1,228
210
109
909

1,237
162
138
937

1,193
206
96
891

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

18,182
7,734
5,169
3,838
1,331
5,279
849
4,430

18,016
7,601
5,149
3,831
1,318
5,266
930
4,336

13,900
4,797
4,767
3,476
1,291
4,336
817
3,519

13,709
4,808
4,710
3,442
1,267
4,191
898
3,294

12,660
4,612
4,653
3,384
1,269
3,395
663
2,732

12,535
4,621
4,591
3,346
1,244
3,323
757
2,566

4,282
2,937
402
362
40
943
32
912

4,307
2,793
439
389
51
1,075
32
1,042

4,084
2,856
396
356
40
831
31
801

4,184
1,498
2,687

4,152
1,501
2,651

3,351
1,095
2,256

3,313
1,118
2,195

2,908
1,063
1,844

2,834
1,056
1,778

833
402
430

839
383
455

761
384
377

July
1994
Total
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations

28




,

,

July
1994

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Total
Occupation and race

Men

Women

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

124,503
100.0

126,548
100.0

67,649
100.0

68,750
100.0

56,854
100.0

26.9
13.3
13.6
30.1
3.2
12.0
15.0
14.0
.7
1.9
11.4
11.0
14.6
6.2
4.2
4.2
3.4

27.9
13.8
14.1
30.1
3.2
12.2
14.7
13.6
.7
1.9
11.1
10.9
14.2
6.0
4.1
4.2
3.3

25.8
14.0
11.7
19.8
2.8
11.1
5.9
10.4
.1
2.8
7.6
18.5
20.5
7.1
7.0
6.4
5.0

27.0
14.6
12.4
19.9
3.0
11.2
5.8
10.1
.1
2.8
7.2
18.2
19.9
7.0
6.9
6.1
4.8

28.2
12.3
15.9
42.4
3.6
13.0
25.8
18.3
1.5
.8
16.0
2.2
7.5
5.2
.7
1.7
1.5

106,447
100.0

108,096
100.0

58,538
100.0

59,386
100.0

47,909
100.0

27.9
13.8
14.1
30.5
3.1
12.6
14.8
12.8
.7
1.8
10.3
11.4
13.9
5.8
4.1
4.0
3.6

29.0
14.5
14.5
30.3
3.3
12.6
14.5
12.6
.6
1.8
10.1
11.2
13.4
5.5
3.9
4.0
3.5

26.8
14.7
12.2
20.0
2.8
11.7
5.5
9.2
.1
2.6
6.6
19.1
19.6
6.8
6.8
6.0
5.2

28.1
15.4
12.7
20.1
3.0
11.7
5.4
9.2
.1
2.8
6.3
18.8
18.8
6.6
6.5
5.8
5.0

29.1
12.7
16.4
43.3
3.5
13.6
26.1
17.1
1.4
.7
14.9
2.1
6.9
4.6
.7
1.6
1.6

13,072
100.0

13,280
100.0

6,353
100.0

6,486
100.0

6,719
100.0

18.6
9.0
9.6
28.0
2.8
8.1
17.2
23.2
1.0
2.8
19.4
8.2
20.0
8.5
5.4
6.1
1.9

19.9
9.2
10.6
29.1
2.7
8.9
17.6
21.2
.9
2.6
17.7
8.4
20.0
8.8
5.8
5.4
1.4

15.3
8.9
6.4
17.6
2.1
6.9
8.7
19.9

18.4
9.4
9.1
17.8
2.2
7.0
8.6
17.3
.1
4.0
13.2
14.8
29.2
9.8
10.7
8.7
2.5

21.8
9.2
12.6
37.9
3.5
9.1
25.2
26.3
2.0
.9
23.4
2.4
11.1
7.6
1.2
2.4
.5

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
1

O
4.7
15.2
14.5
29.4
9.6
9.9
9.9
3.3

Less than 0.05 percent.




29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19.

Employed persons by industry and occupation

(In thousands)
July 1995
Managerial and
professional

specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries .
Professional services...
Public administration




Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

Total
Executive,
TechniAdminisemadminisProfescians
Private
trative
ployed
Other
trative,
sional
Sales support, houseand
and
service1
specialty related
including hold
manasupport
clerical
gerial

Precision
Machine
producoperHandlers,
Transportion,
ators,
equipment |
tation
craft,
assemcleaners,
and
and
blers,
helpers,
material
repair
and
and
moving
inspeclaborers
tors

10
4
72
776
294
482

155
53
473
2,212
1,179
1,033

25
3
39
325
167
158

23
216
4,523
3,760
2,557
1,202

16
22
75
6,183
3,473
2,711

52
103
595
705
374
331

23
33
1,015
1,100
546
554

539
610
112
498

242
308
204 111,171
57 2,024
147 9,147

2,376
2,414
860
1,554

215
4,953
33
4,921

1,293
1,402
309
1,093

126
360
174
186

2,040
1,022
470
552

521
1,985
415
1,570

271
13,256
7
13,249
11,554
1,084

142 1,962
2,431 1,136
4
2,427 1,136
206
2,058
19
220

2,837
6,727
13
6,714
4,877
1,411

290
8,943
56
8,887
5,139
1,579

198
2,114
5
2,109
497
214

14
775
1
773
154
30

14
556
6
550
258
62

21
538
5
533
84
30

3,810
603
8,125
20,424
12,044
8,380

111
94
1,116
2,822
1,703
1,119

79
60
155
1,766
1,212
554

8,849
26,503
5,061
21,442

1,172
2,262
537
1,725

8,150
43,995
978
43,017
28,688
6,087

2,318
6,183
6
6,177
3,737
1,404

Includes protective service, not shown separately.

30

Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

61
13
42
655
429
226

838
838

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-20. Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
July 1995
Agriculture

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers

Age and sex

Wage
Unpaid
Selfand
employed family
salary
workers workers
workers

Private industries
Total
Total

Other
Private
private
household
workers industries

Selfemployed |
Government workers

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

2,065
343
138
205
345
555
378
250
122
71

1,688
118
72
45
59
240
328
355
277
311

58
8
6
2
9
5
15
10
6
3

113,477
7,327
3,060
4,267
12,364
29,804
30,462
21,373
9,613
2,535

95,670
6,826
2,819
4,006
11,305
25,861
25,138
16,573
7,816
2,150

974
156
96
60
132
145
199
147
123
73

94,695
6,670
2,724
3,946
11,173
25,716
24,939
16,427
7,693
2,077

17,807
501
240
261
1,058
3,942
5,324
4,800
1,796
385

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

1,622
266
117
150
291
442
283
189
89
61

1,217
107
65
42
49
165
226
240
192
238

25
6
5

60,301
3,759
1,605
2,154
6,556
16,113
16,171
11,259
5,141
1,302

51,916
3,483
1,454
2,029
6,070
14,234
13,755
8,967
4,287
1,119

89
27
20
8
13
10
14
11
7
6

51,827
3,455
1,434
2,021
6,057
14,224
13,740
8,957
4,280
1,113

8,385
277
151
125
486
1,879
2,416
2,292
854
182

5,562
75
35
40
182 |
1,061
1,665 |
1,332
843
403

443
77
22
55
53
113
95
60
33
10

471
11
7
3
10
75
102
116
86
73

32
3

53,176
3,568
1,455
2,113
5,808
13,691
14,291
10,115
4,471
1,233

43,753
3,343
1,366
1,978
5,235
11,627
11,383
7,606
3,529
1,030

885
128
76
52
119
135
184
136
116
67

42,868
3,215
1,290
1,925
5,116
11,493
11,199
7,470
3,413
963

9,423
224
89
135
573
2,063
2,909
2,508
943
203

3,591
85
44
41
102
732
1,070
896
464
242

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over




1
1
3

5
10

9,153
160
80
81
284
1,793
2,736
2,228
1,307
645

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by hours of work
July 1995
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Hours of work
All
industries

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

All
industries

Nonagricultural
industries

Agriculture

116,239

3,634

112,605

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours

28,145
1,546
4,004
14,044
8,552

1,031
94
240
444
253

27,113
1,451
3,764
13,599
8,298

24.2
1.3
3.4
12.1
7.4

28.4
2.6
6.6
12.2
7.0

24.1
1.3
3.3
12.1
7.4

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

88,094
8,665
42,411
37,018
13,355
13,093
10,571

2,603
175
722
1,705
251
429
1,025

85,492
8,490
41,689
35,313
13,104
12,663
9,546

75.8
7.5
36.5
31.8
11.5
11.3
9.1

71.6
4.8
19.9
46.9
6.9
11.8
28.2

75.9
7.5
37.0
31.4
11.6
11.2
8.5

39.7
43.5

44.9
51.8

39.6
43.2

Total, 16 years and over

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, persons who usually work full time

_

redesigned survey.

NOTE: Detail on persons at work in tables A-21 through A-25 may not sum
to the totals shown because of minor editing problems associated with the

A-22. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working less than 35 hours and usual
full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1995
All industries

Nonagricultural industries

Reason for working less than 35 hours
Total
Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Seasonal work
Job started or ended during week
Noneconomic reasons
Child-care problems
Other family or personal obligations
Health or medical limitations
In school or training
Retired or Social Security limit on earnings
Vacation or personal day
Holiday, legal or religious
Weather-related curtailment
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons

32




Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

Total

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

28,145

9,312

18,833

27,113

9,011

18,103

4,749
2,464
1,983
110
192

1,489
1,226

3,261
1,238
1,983
40

4,556
2,356
1,909
105
185

1,394
1,139

3,162
1,218
1,909
35

23,395
770
4,889
642
4,243
1,676
4,313
125
286
6,452

7,823
40
654

15,572
730
4,234
642
4,182
1,676

7,617
38
630

4,313
125
286
2,345

4,107

22,557
759
4,697
603
4,088
1,550
4,233
125
253
6,249

4,233
125
253
2,280

3,970

22.8
21.4

24.0
23.8

22.2
20.2

22.8
21.6

24.0
23.9

22.2
20.4

71
192

61

70
185

57

14,940
720
4,067
603
4,031
1,550

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1995
Average hours

Worked 1 to 34 hours

Industry and class of worker

For noneconomic
reasons

Total
at
work

Total

112,605

27,113

For
economic

Worked
35 hours
or more

Total
at
work

Usually
work
full
time

Usually
work
part
time

4,556

7,617

14,940

85,492

39.6

104,093

24,241

4,089

7,048

13,104

79,852

39.6

530

41

4

29

9

489

47.5

6,428

1,106

303

455

348

5,323

41.2

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

18,456
10,836
7,620

2,238
1,251
987

396
196
200

1,238
775
463

604
280
324

16,218
9,585
6,633

42.4
42.8
41.9

Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

7,861
23,319
7,077

1,189
7,589
1,210

217
1,457
112

543
1,112
489

429
5,020
610

6,672
15,730
5,867

42.6
37.6
40.7

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

34,684
932
33,752
5,737

9,949
523
9,426
919

1,500
117
1,383
100

2,580
37
2,542
604

5,869
369
5,501
215

24,735
409
24,326
4,818

37.8
30.6
38.0
40.9

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

8,403
108

2,803
69

461
6

563
6

1,780
57

5,600
39

39.6
31.3

Total 16 years and over
Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1995
Average hours

Worked 1 to 34 hours

Age, sex, race, and marital status

For noneconomic
reasons

Total
at
work

Total

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

112,605
7,206
2,972
4,235
105,399
12,157
93,242
80,616
12,626

27,113
4,275
2,196
2,078
22,839
3,464
19,375
15,305
4,069

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

61,982
3,716
1,561
2,156
58,266
6,541
51,725
44,646
7,078

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

For
economic

Worked
35 hours
or more

Total
at
work

Usually
work
full
time

Usually
work
part
time

4,556
787
307
481
3,769
847
2,922
2,527
394

7,617
257
83
175
7,359
675
6,684
5,914
770

14,940
3,230
1,807
1,423
11,710
1,942
9,769
6,864
2,905

85,492
2,931
775
2,156
82,560
8,693
73,867
65,310
8,557

39.6
29.9
25.8
32.7
40.2
37.8
40.5
41.2
36.7

10,443
1,996
1,100
897
8,447
1,441
7,006
5,200
1,805

2,124
409
168
241
1,715
426
1,289
1,091
198

3,892
138
42
96
3,754
282
3,472
2,999
473

4,428
1,450
890
560
2,978
733
2,245
1,110
1,135

51,539
1,720
461
1,259
49,819
5,100
44,719
39,446
5,273

42.5
31.5
26.7
34.9
43.2
40.0
43.6
44.3
39.3

50,623
3,490
1,411
2,079
47,133
5,615
41,517
35,969
5,548

16,670
2,278
1,097
1,182
14,392
2,022
12,369
10,105
2,264

2,432
378
138
240
2,054
421
1,633
1,436
197

3,725
120
41
79
3,605
392
3,213
2,915
298

10,513
1,780
918
862
8,733
1,209
7,524
5,754
1,770

33,953
1,212
314
897
32,741
3,593
29,148
25,864
3,284

35.9
28.2
24.8
30.5
36.5
35.1
36.7
37.2
33.3

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

95,859
53,411
42,448

23,492
8,933
14,560

3,739
1,750
1,989

6,600
3,395
3,205

13,153
3,787
9,365

72,367
44,478
27,889

39.7
42.8
35.7

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

12,053
5,973
6,079

2,594
1,067
1,527

570
255
315

762
370
392

1,262
442
820

9,459
4,906
4,552

38.8
40.5
37.2

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

37,628
6,818
17,536

4,810
1,018
4,616

795
236
1,092

2,502
462
928

1,513
320
2,596

32,818
5,800
12,920

44.1
43.0
39.0

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

26,631
10,140
13,852

9,000
2,575
5,095

933
528
971

2,140
724
861

5,927
1,322
3,263

17,631
7,566
8,756

35.5
38.2
35.1

TOTAL

Race

Marital status

34




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1995
Average hours

Worked 1 to 34 hours

Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
1

Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.




For noneconomic
reasons

Worked
35 hours
or more

Total
at
work

Total

112,276

27,001

4,507

7,570

14,925

85,275

39.6

31,062
16,483
14,578
35,578
3,855
14,496
17,226
16,080
805
2,209
13,067
12,896
16,660
6,917
4,741
5,001

5,734
2,192
3,543
9,868
880
4,274
4,714
6,288
449
423
5,417
1,882
3,228
1,051
684
1,493

569
174
395
1,364
105
661
598
1,287
106
81
1,100
412
874
282
149
443

2,355
1,111
1,244
2,361
288
726
1,347
935
33
186
716
986
932
444
187
301

2,810
907
1,903
6,142
486
2,888
2,769
4,066
310
155
3,602
483
1,422
326
347
749

25,327
14,292
11,036
25,709
2,975
10,222
12,512
9,792
356
1,786
7,650
11,014
13,432
5,866
4,058
3,508

42.0
44.0
39.7
38.1
39.5
39.4
36.6
35.1
31.0
42.2
34.2
42.2
40.6
40.5
44.3
37.1

61,545

10,258

2,087

3,834

4,337

51,287

42.6

17,242
9,596
7,646
13,072
1,955
7,387
3,730
6,623
38
1,864
4,722
11,788
12,819
4,416
4,408
3,994

2,221
1,003
1,217
2,309
281
1,299
728
1,886
24
327
1,535
1,601
2,242
548
557
1,137

259
89
170
385
40
225
120
439
5
67
366
370
635
157
129
349

1,169
599
570
716
122
333
261
404
5
154
245
866
679
249
172
258

793
315
478
1,208
120
742
347
1,043
13
105
924
365
929
142
256
531

15,021
8,593
6,429
10,764
1,674
6,088
3,002
4,738
14
1,537
3,186
10,187
10,577
3,869
3,851
2,857

44.9
46.1
43.4
42.6
42.4
44.2
39.5
38.4

50,731

16,743

2,420

3,735

10,587

33,988

35.9

13,820
6,887
6,932
22,505
1,900
7,109
13,496
9,457
767
345
8,346
1,108
3,841
2,501
333
1,007

3,514
1,188
2,325
7,560
598
2,975
3,986
4,403
425
96
3,882
281
986
504
127
356

310
85
226
980
66
436
478
848
101
14
734
43
239
125
20
95

1,186
512
674
1,646
167
393
1,086
531
28
33
471
120
253
195
16
43

2,017
592
1,426
4,934
366
2,146
2,422
3,024
297
50
2,678
119
493
184
91
218

10,306
5,699
4,607
14,946
1,302
4,134
9,510
5,054
342
249
4,463
827
2,855
1,997
207
652

38.4
41.0
35.7
35.4
36.5
34.5
35.8
32.8
31.1
36.3
32.8
37.4
37.1
38.2
35.0
35.0

2

For
economic
reasons

Usually
work
full
time

Usually
work
part
time

Total
at
work

43.3
36.6
42.6
41.6
41.8
45.0
37.6

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-26. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men

Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons
July
1994

July
1995

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

4,409
1,431
601
2,377

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

Women
Unemployment
rates
July
1994

July
1995

3,993
1,393
515
2,085

6.1
3.3
7.4
11.2

3,224
1,132
431
1,661

2,868
1,114
392
1,363

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

913
179
140
594

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

Thousands of
persons

Unemployment
rates

July
1994

July
1995

5.5
3.2
6.4
9.8

3,872
1,376
786
1,710

3,899
1,438
771
1,690

6.4
4.3
6.6
10.4

5.2
3.0
6.4
9.6

4.6
2.9
5.9
7.9

2,843
1,188
579
1,076

2,783
1,191
573
1,019

5.6
4.2
6.1
8.4

867
192
96
579

12.6
5.5
12.4
20.5

11.8
5.9
8.8
19.3

826
111
171
543

915
180
164
571

10.9
4.6
8.4
17.7

2,732
1,335
578
819

2,420
1,281
483
656

4.6
3.2
7.3
8.2

4.0
3.1
6.2
6.5

2,484
1,208
727
549

2,410
1,285
695
431

5.0
4.0
6.3
7.5

White, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,050
1,058
412
580

1,848
1,030
368
450

4.0
2.9
6.3
7.2

3.6
2.8
5.7
5.6

1,898
1,033
526
338

1,789
1,056
516
218

4.6
3.8
5.7
6.3

Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

510
171
139
200

434
166
94
175

8.9
5.5
12.5
13.5

7.5
5.3
8.7
11.0

465
105
168
192

495
167
154
175

7.7
4.5
8.5
11.2

36




July
1994

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Men

Total

Total
July
1994

Total, 16 years and over1

Unemployment rates

July
1995

Women

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

8,281

7,892

6.2

5.9

6.1

5.5

6.4

965
377
588

1,011
398
613

2.8
2.2
3.3

2.8
2.2
3.3

2.5
1.9
3.2

2.5
2.1
2.9

3.1
2.6
3.5

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,902
102
874
925

1,784
118
837
828

4.8
2.5
5.5
4.7

4.5
2.8
5.2
4.3

4.0
2.3
4.0
5.0

3.5
2.0
3.4
4.4

5.3
2.7
7.1
4.7

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,587
101
113

1,489
90

8.3

(2)

(2)

7.6

8.8

8.0
9.7
4.1
8.5

4.7
10.9

4.0
8.9

7.7
10.5
4.3
7.6

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
1
Includes a small number of persons whose last job was in the Armed
Forces.




10.3
4.7

9.3

1,373

100
1,299

739
165
385
189

844
168
495
181

5.1
3.5
6.8
4.6

5.8
3.7
8.5
4.3

4.9
3.3
6.8
3.9

5.7
3.6
8.4
3.9

6.9
6.9
6.9
6.9

1,817
720
373
724
160
564

1,616
715
336
565
116
449

9.1
8.5
6.7
12.1
15.9

8.7
7.6
6.6
12.1
16.2

11.1

7.2
6.1
5.7
9.9
10.5
9.7

10.3
10.0
8.5
11.9

11.3

8.2
8.6
6.1
9.7
11.1
9.4

347

279

7.7

6.3

7.4

6.0

8.8

876

838
642
96
99

639
137

99
2

(2)

12.0

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-28. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

Total
July
1994

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery and computing equipment
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

,

,

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience

38




Unemployment rates
Men

Total
July
1995

Women

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

8,281

7,892

6.2

5.9

6.1

5.5

6.4

6,170

5,918

6.2

5.8

6.2

5.6

6.2

41
585

20
600

5.9
9.1

3.3
9.0

6.0
9.5

3.6
9.2

4.9
4.8

1,171
663
53
47
46
26
88
94
79
167
93
74
27
35
508
98
45
124
40
111
44
31
14

1,115
601
31
30
16
32
80
75
91
162
110
52
36
48
514
120
52
105
24
82
46
63
22

5.6
5.5
7.2
7.1
8.1
3.2
6.4
3.8
4.2
7.4
7.6
7.2
3.9
5.9
5.8
5.0
7.2
12.0
4.9
6.1
3.4
3.8
4.1

5.3
4.9
4.2
4.7
2.7
3.8
5.9
3.1
4.5
7.1
8.3
5.3
4.6
7.9
5.9
6.6
8.0
10.4
3.0
4.5
3.5
7.0
5.7

4.9
5.2
8.0
6.3
9.2
3.1
5.5
3.5
2.8
7.3
7.8
6.7
2.7
5.0
4.5
4.9
7.0
8.8
4.9
5.2
2.4
2.2
3.1

4.3
4.1
4.0
5.2
3.0
2.8
4.3
3.1
3.7
6.3
7.3
5.0
1.7
6.1
4.6
6.4
4.9
4.9
2.9
5.2
1.7
6.6
2.7

7.1
6.3
1.9
8.7
3.8
3.9
9.3
4.8
6.0
7.9
7.0
9.3
5.6
8.8
7.7
5.3
7.3
13.1
5.0
7.3
5.3
6.7
6.6

368
272
96
1,951
259
1,692
274
1,780
759
1,021

340
239
101
1,743
176
1,567
258
1,842
706
1,137

5.1
6.3
3.3
7.5
5.5
7.9
3.6
5.7
4.1
8.0

4.8
5.5
3.6
6.7
3.6
7.3
3.4
5.7
3.7
8.4

5.6
6.8
3.5
7.2
5.3
7.8
3.3
5.9
4.2
7.3

4.6
5.2
3.6
5.8
2.8
6.7
3.1
6.1
3.8
8.0

3.7
4.7
2.9
7.9
5.9
8.1
3.8
5.6
4.1
8.8

232
1,004
876

193
942
838

10.9
3.4

8.6
3.2

11.0
3.1

7.7
2.5

10.4
3.7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table A-29. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Men,
20 years
and over

Total,
16 years
and over
July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

Women,
20 years
and over

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

White

Black

July
1994

July
1995

6,067
2,891
757
2,134
1,591
543
655
1,985
536

5,651
2,663
894
1,769
1,300
469
694
1,782
513

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

8,281
3,701
950
2,751
2,016
735
797
2,907
876

7,892
3,470
1,094
2,376
1,693
683
861
2,723
838

3,503
2,091
475
1,616
1,200
416
382
942
87

3,077
1,917
495
1,422
1,021
402
356
735
69

3,150
1,441
418
1,023
740
283
292
1,268
149

3,100
1,343
541
801
581
221
392
1,238
127

1,628
169
57
112

100.0
44.7
11.5
33.2
9.6
35.1
10.6

100.0
44.0
13.9
30.1
10.91
34.5|
10.6

100.0
59.7
13.6|
46.1
10.9
26.9
2.5

100.0
62.3
16.1
46.2
11.6
23.9
2.2

100.0
45.7
13.3
32.5
9.3
40.2
4.7

100.0
43.3
17.5|
25.9
12.7
39.9
4.1

100.0
10.4
3.5
6.9
7.5
42.8
39.3

2.8
.6
2.2
•7

2.6
.6
2.0
.6

3.1
.6
1.4
.1

2.8
.5
1.1
.1

2.6
.5
2.3

2.3
.7
2.2
.2

1.8
1.3
7.5
6.9

76

36
123
697
639

1,715
210
58
152
92
61
114
749
642

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

100.0 100.0 100.0
47.1
12.3 47.6
15.8
3.4 12.5
31.3
8.9 35.2
12.3
6.6 10.8
32.7
31.5
43.7
8.8
9.1
37.4

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers

Reentrants
N e w entrants




■3

2.2
1.2
7.7
6.6

2.6
.6
1.8
.5

2.3
.6
1.6
.5

39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
July 1995
Total unemployed

Duration of unemployment

Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons

Total, 16 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men, 20 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

7,892

100.0

36.8

35.2

28.0

11.6

16.4

3,470
1,094
2,376
1,693
683
861
2,723
838

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

41.0
62.7
30.9
27.8
38.6
40.1
32.3
30.4

30.3
27.4
31.6
30.6
34.0
35.2
36.3
51.9

28.8
9.9
37.5
41.5
27.4
24.7
31.4
17.6

12.7
6.1
15.7
17.5
11.4
11.8
11.4
7.8

16.1
3.8
21.7
24.1
15.9
13.0
20.0
9.8

3,077

100.0

34.8

29.4

35.8

14.0

21.9

1,917
495
1,422
1,021
402
356
735
69

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

39.7
67.7
30.0
28.3
34.4
33.8
23.7

28.2
22.7
30.1
27.7
36.3
36.5
28.5

32.0
9.6
39.8
44.0
29.3
29.7
47.8

14.0
6.6
16.5
18.4
11.7
11.1
14.8

O

0

18.1
3.0
23.3
25.5
17.5
18.6
33.0

3,100

100.0

37.0

34.2

28.8

12.3

16.5

1,343
541
801
581
221
392
1,238
127

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

39.2
54.9
28.5
23.8
41.1
40.0
34.0
33.6

33.1
34.0
32.4
33.1
30.6
36.6
34.2
39.7

27.8
11.1
39.0
43.1
28.3
23.4
31.8
26.8

12.4
6.3
16.5
18.1
12.6
13.1
12.3
9.4

15.4
4.9
22.5
25.1
15.8
10.3
19.5
17.4

1,715

100.0

40.0

47.3

12.7

6.2

6.6

210
58
152
92
61
114
749
642

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

63.6

31.4

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
1

Percent

0

O

0

(1)

52.0
48.4

41.0
47.5

7.0
4.1

60.2
37.9
31.0

25.9
47.5
56.0

O

0

2.8

5.0

O

0

2.3

O

O

3.2
1.4

3.8
2.7

O

O

O

4.6
8.0
6.6

9.3
6.5
6.3

13.9
14.6
12.9

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-31. Unemployed total and full-time workers by duration of unemployment
Total
Duration of unemployment

Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

40




Thousands of persons

Full-time workers
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

8,281

7,892

100.0

100.0

6,952

6,418

100.0

100.0

3,104
2,484
1,833
651
2,692
1,081
1,611
621
990

2,901
2,778
2,056
722
2,213
917
1,295
611
685

37.5
30.0
22.1
7.9
32.5
13.1
19.5
7.5
12.0

36.8
35.2
26.1
9.1
28.0
11.6
16.4
7.7
8.7

2,473
2,047
1,494
553
2,432
938
1,494
558
936

2,223
2,244
1,649
595
1,951
801
1,150
553
597

35.6
29.4
21.5
8.0
35.0
13.5
21.5
8.0
13.5

34.6
35.0
25.7
9.3
30.4
12.5
17.9
8.6
9.3

18.1
8.1

15.7
7.8

19.5
8.8

16.7
8.4

_

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Unemployed persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
July 1995
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Total

Less
than

5 weeks

Weeks

15 weeks and over
5 to 14
weeks

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

Average
(mean)
duration

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

7,892
1,715
1,346
1,809
1,558
852
447
166

2,901
685
550
613
579
294
138
42

2,778
811
453
627
490
221
120
56

2,213
219
343
568
489
337
189
68

917
106
162
245
200
128
47
29

1,295
113
182
323
289
209
142
38

15.7
9.7
14.0
16.2
16.9
21.4
24.7
20.5

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,993
916
657
912
744
445
234
84

1,418
349
266
297
280
142
67
16

1,356
450
209
294
209
103
59
31

1,219
117
182
320
256
200
107
37

475
46
97
132
90
72
26
12

744
72
85
188
165
128
81
25

17.4
10.5
13.9
18.3
19.3
24.6
28.3
25.2

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,899
799
690
897
813
406
213
81

1,483
336
284
316
300
151
70
26

1,422
361
244
333
281
118
61
25

994
102
162
248
233
137
82
31

442
60
65
113
109
56
21
17

551
41
97
135
124
81
61
14

13.9
8.8
14.0
14.1
14.7
18.0
20.7
15.6

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

5,651
2,868
2,783

2,214
1,044
1,171

1,954
967
987

1,483
858
625

617
326
291

866
532
334

14.9
17.3
12.4

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,782
867
915

511
278
233

697
304
393

574
285
289

234
111
123

340
174
166

17.7
18.3
17.1

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)

1,393
515
2,085

477
176
766

426
158
772

491
181
547

172
59
244

319
122
303

19.7
21.2
14.9

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)

1,438
771
1,690

567
280
635

491
251
680

380
240
374

156
121
166

224
119
209

13.8
15.4
13.4

Race

Marital status




41

HOUSEHOLD DATA
N O T SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment

July 1995
Thousands of persons
Occupation and industry

15 weeks and over

Less
Total

Weeks

5 to 14
weeks

than

5 weeks

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

1,011
1,784
1,489
844
1,616
279

376
661
570
319
572
143

332
616
519
238
536
84

303
506
400
287
508
52

118
244
174
107
191
16

184
262
226
180
317
36

16.8
14.7
15.5
18.8
17.1
12.4

8.1
8.0
7.4
8.6
8.5
4.4

193
612
1,118
601
517
357
1,751
271
2,225
143

88
229
407
242
165
108
679
86
858
37

78
181
358
171
188
130
611
79
753
47

28
202
352
188
164
120
462
106
614
58

6
67
138
59
78
46
212
51
276
16

22
135
215
128
86
74
249
55
337
43

10.2
18.0
16.8
17.8
15.5
19.6
14.9
16.6
15.0
22.2

5.6
8.6
8.5
8.3
8'.7
8.8
7.5
10.4
7.5
11.7

838

255

435

148

65

82

11.9

7.2

INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

Services
Public administration
No previous work experience
Includes wage and salary workers only.

A-34. Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex
(In thousands)

Total

Age

Category

July
1994

Total not in the labor force
Do not want a job now1
Want a job1
Did not search for work in previous year.
Searched for work in previous year2
Not available to work now
Available to work now
Reason not currently looking:
Discouragement over job prospects3
Reasons other than discouragement
Family responsibilities
In school or training
Ill health or disability

Other4

1

July
1995

42




July
1994
8,447
6,437
2,010
1,075
935
238
697

456
1,112
173
107
114
717

187
511
51
132
15
313

542
1,302
246
174
140
743

25 to 54
years

July
1995

64,076 64,175
58,050 58,882
6,026 5,292
3,482 3,046
2,544 2,247
679
699
1,844 1,568

Includes some persons who are not asked if they want a job.
Persons who had a job in the prior 12 months must have searched since
the end of that job.
3
Includes believes no work available, could not find work, lacks necessary
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of
2

16 to 24
years

Sex
55 years
and over

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

Men

July
1995

July
1994

Women

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

8,334 19,212 19,185 36,417 36,656 22,319 22,448 41,757 41,727
6,516 16,216 16,577 35,397 35,789 20,125 20,411 37,925 38,471
1,020
867 2,194 2,036 3,832 3,256
1,817 2,996 2,608
758
629 1,110 1,060 2,372 1,985
966 1,650 1,451
262
1,271
976 1,460
238 1,084
852 1,346
1,157
228
438
471
241
51
52
410
292
336
832
735
856
187
936
560
988
210
821
156
404
34
74
25
271

294
643
170
42
86
344

210
611
131
30
72
378

61
149
24
39
85

90
97
7
4
17
69

324
532
48
97
51
337

290
445
18
44
52
331

218
771
198
77
89
406

166
666
155
64
62
386

discrimination.
4
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for
such reasons as child care and transportation problems, as well as a small
number for which reason for nonparticipation was not ascertained.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-35. Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics
(Numbers in thousands)
Both sexes
Number

Characteristic

July
1994

July
1995

Women

Men
Rate1

1

Rate

Number

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

Number

July
1994

July
1995

July

July
1995

Rate1
July

July
1995

AGE
2

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

7,172
532
6,640
946
5,694
5,103
590
501
89

7,779
600
7,179
916
6,263
5,692
5721
483

5.8
6.9
5.7
7.1
5.5
5.7
4.0
4.5
2.5

6.1
7.5
6.1
7.0
5.9
6.3
3.8
4.3
2.5

3,853
249
3,604
419
3,186
2,812
373
313
60

4,341
296
4,045
481
3,564
3,242
322
274
48

5.7
6.2
5.7
5.9
5.6
5.8
4.6
5.1
2.9

6.3
7.0
6.3
6.8
6.2
6.6
3.9
4.4
2.4

3,319
283
3,036 j
527
2,508
2,291
217
188
29

3,439
305
3,134
435
2,699
2,450
250
210
40

5.8
7.7
5.7
8.5
5.3
5.7
3.3
3.8
1.9

5.9
8.1
5.8
7.3
5.6
5.9
3.8
4.1
2.6

3,307
644
291

6,859
690]
394

5.9
4.9
2.7

6.3
5.2
3.5

3,389
338
180

3,832
382
250

5.8
5.3
2.7

6.5
5.9
3.6

2,918
3061
111

3,026
308
144

6.1
4.6
2.6

6.2
4.5
3.2

3,923
1,063
2,186

4,228
1,151
2,401

5.4
5.7
6.5

5.7
6.1
7.0

2,422
374
1,057

2,670
425
1,246

5.9
4.9
5.6

6.3
5.6
6.5

1,501
689
1,129

1,558
7261
1,155

4.9
6.2
7.6

4.9
6.5
7.7

4,023
1,529
284
1,302

4,476
1,626|
302
1,325

2,419
497
204
720

2,745
592
217
761

1,604
1,032
80
582

1,732
1,034
85
564

RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White
Black
Hispanic origin
MARITAL STATUS
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Primary job full time, secondary job part time....
Primary and secondary jobs both part time
Primary and secondary jobs both full time
Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1
Multiple jobholders as a percent of all employed persons in specified
group.
2
Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary
job and full time on their secondary jobs(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-36. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Employed

Total

Veteran status
and age
July
1994

July
1995

Unemployed
Percent of
labor force

Number
July
1994

July
1995

July

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

July
1994

July
1995

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 40 years and over
40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 years and over

7,403
6,506
1,854
3,183
1,468
898

7,593
6,511
1,496
3,175
1,840
1,082

6,508
6,016
1,711
2,960
1,346
492

6,639
5,938
1,361
2,910
1,667
701

6,240
5,756
1,612
2,837
1,308
484

6,362
5,682
1,277
2,794
1,611
679

268
260
99
123
38
8

278
256
84
116
56
22

4.1
4.3
5.8
4.2
2.8
1.6

4.2
4.3
6.2
4.0
3.4
3.1

16,230
7,503
4,772
3,955

17,230
8,020
5,203
4,007

14,606
6,985
4,272
3,348

15,533
7,409
4,698
3,425

14,027
6,738
4,104
3,184

15,004
7,131
4,562
3,310

580
247
169
164

529
278
136
115

4.0
3.5
3.9
4.9

3.4
3.7
2.9
3.4

NONVETERANS
Total, 40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans




are men who have never served in the Armed Forces.

43

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1945 to date
(In thousands)
Service-producing

Goods-producing
Total
private

Total

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Total

Transportation
and
public
utilities

Wholesale
trade

Retail
trade

Government

Finance,
insurance,
and
Services

real
estate

Federal

Annual averages
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

836
862
955
994
930

1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194

15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

22,869
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189

3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

1,955
2,298
2,478
2,612
2,610

5,359
6,077
6,477
6,659
6,654

1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828

4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,239

2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908

45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,855
51,322
53,270

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186

18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,967
19,513
20,411

901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,176
15,945
16,675

26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,264
31,889
31,811
32,857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

2,643
2,735
2,821
2,862
2,875
2,934
3,027
3,037
2,989
3,092

6,743
7,007
7,184
7,385
7,360
7,601
7,831
7,848
7,761
8,035

1,888
1,956
2.035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,356
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,763
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384

45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189

20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,158
46,023

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

3,153
3,142
3,207
3,258
3,347
3,477
3,608
3,700
3,791
3,919

8,238
8,195
8,359
8,520
8,812
9,239
9,637
9,906
10,308
10,785

2,628
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378
7,619
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758

70,880
71,211
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

47,302
48,276
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

4,006
4,014
4,127
4,291
4,447
4,430
4,562
4,723
4,985
5,221

11,034
11,338
11,822
12,315
12,539
12,630
13,193
13,792
14,556
14,972

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975

11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,302
16,252
17,112

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773

90,406
91,152
89,544
90,152
94,408
97,387
99,344
101,958
105,210
107,895

74,166
75,121
73,707
74,282
78,384
80,992
82,651
84,948
87,824
90,117

25,658
25,497
23,812
23,330
24,718
24,842
24,533
24,674
25,125
25,254

1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
927
777
717
713
692

4,346
4,188
3,904
3,946
4,380
4,668
4,810
4,958
5,098
5,171

20,285
20,170
18,780
18,432
19,372
19,248
18,947
18,999
19,314
19,391

64,748
65,655
65,732
66,821
69,690
72,544
74,811
77,284
80,086
82,642

5,146
5,165
5,081
4,952
5,156
5,233
5,247
5,362
5,514
5,625

5,292
5,375
5,295
5,283
5,568
5,727
5,761
5,848
6,030
6,187

15,018
15,171
15,158
15,587
16,512
17,315
17,880
18,422
19,023
19,475

5,160
5,298
5,340
5,466
5,684
5,948
6,273
6,533
6,630
6,668

17,890
18,615
19,021
19,664
20,746
21,927
22,957
24,110
25,504
26,907

2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899
2,943
2,971
2,988

109,419
108,256
108,604
110,730
114,034

91,115
89,854
89,959
91,889
94,917

24,905
23,745
23,231
23,352
23,913

709
689
635
610
600

5,120
4,650
4,492
4,668
5,010

19,076
18,406
18,104
18,075
18,303

84,514
84,511
85,373
87,378
90,121

5,793
5,762
5,721
5,829
6,006

6,173
6,081
5,997
5,981
6,140

19,601
19,284
19,356
19,773
20,437

6,709
6,646
6,602
6,757
6,933

27,934
28,336
29,052
30,197
31,488

3,085
2,966
2,969
2,915
2,870

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted

1

114,171
114,510
114,762
114,935
115,427
115,624

95,061
95,327
95,555
95,740
96,152
96,405

23,922
23,981
24,030
24,081
24,175
24,230

596
597
598
595
592
592

5,029
5,038
5,077
5,088
5,144
5,166

18,297
18,346
18,355
18,398
18,439
18,472

90,249
90,529
90,732
90,854
91,252
91,394

6,022
6,045
6,048
6,061
6,092
6,121

6,138
6,163
6,181
6,195
6,210
6,229

20,459
20,497
20,565
20,580
20,703
20,759

6,947
6,948
6,942
6,935
6,937
6,931

31,573
31,693
31,789
31,888
32,035
32,135

2,864
2,861
2,863
2,858
2,854
2,853

115,810
116,123
116,302
116,310
116,248
116,498
116,553

96,588
96,882
97,054
97,049
97,005
97,229
97,286

24,293
24,324
24,370
24,331
24,228
24,235
24,146

590
588
589
583
582
582
578

5,201
5,213
5,256
5,242
5,190
5,231
5,231

18,502
18,523
18,525
18,506
18,456
18,422
18,337

91,517
91,799
91,932
91,979
92,020
92,263
92,407

6,129
6,156
6,175
6,184
6,177
6,189
6,197

6,251
6,275
6,287
6,300
6,298
6,317
6,334

20,760
20,794
20,760
20,762
20,747
20,798
20,852

6,927
6,929
6,938
6,924
6,925
6,934
6,941

32,228
32,404
32,524
32,548
32,630
32,756
32,816

2,838
2,831
2,828
2,826
2,831
2,831
2,831

Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonfarm total for the March 1959 benchmark
month.
p
= preliminary.
2




NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1994
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1994) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1991) are subject to revision.

45

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

Construction

Mining

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8
34.8
34.7
34.6

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76
8.98
9.28
9.66

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85
312.50
322.02
334.24

1990
1991
1992
1993
1994

34.5
34.3
34.4
34.5
34.7

10.01
10.32
10.57
10.83
11.13

345.35
353.98
363.61
373.64
386.21

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2
42.4
42.3
43.0

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.46
12.54
12.80
13.26

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
525.81
531.70
541.44
570.18

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4
37.8
37.9
37.9

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.48
12.71
13.08
13.54

367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.46
466.75
480.44
495.73
513.17

44.1
44.4
43.9
44.3
44.7

13.68
14.19
14.54
14.60
14.89

603.29
630.04
638.31
646.78
665.58

38.2
38.1
38.0
38.5
38.9

13.77
14.00
14.15
14.38
14.72

526.01
533.40
537.70
553.63
572.61

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1994:
July
August
September
October
November
December
1995:
January
February
March
April
May
Junep
Julyp
See footnotes at end of table.

46




35.0
35.0
34.8
35.0
34.6
34.8

$11.05
11.05
11.22
11.28
11.27
11.28

$386.75
386.75
390.46
394.80
389.94
392.54

44.9
45.0
45.4
45.2
45.4
45.1

$14.73
14.69
14.92
14.91
14.97
15.09

$661.38
661.05
677.37
673.93
679.64
680.56

39.8
39.8
40.0
39.6
38.5
38.7

$14.75
14.79
14.97
15.05
14.87
14.83

$587.05
588.64
598.80
595.98
572.50
573.92

34.4
34.2
34.3
34.3
34.3
34.6
34.9

11.36
11.36
11.36
11.41
11.38
11.36
11.41

390.78
388.51
389.65
391.36
390.33
393.06
398.21

44.8
44.4
44.0
44.3
44.3
44.9
44.5

15.25
15.26
15.24
15.31
15.21
15.24
15.30

683.20
677.54
670.56
678.23
673.80
684.28
680.85

37.7
36.9
38.1
37.6
38.4
39.6
40.0

14.67
14.82
14.84
14.88
14.96
14.99
15.09

553.06
546.86
565.40
559.49
574.46
593.60
603.60

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing
Year and
month

Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Wholesale trade

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.60
2.73
2.87
3.04
3.23

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2

3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.4
39.4
39.2
38.8
38.6
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.43
3.64
3.85
4.07
4.38
4.72
5.02
5.39
5.88
6.39

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7
41.0
41.1
41.0

7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.54
9.73
9.91
10.19
10.48

7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.34
9.48
9.73
10.02

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01
406.31
418.81
429.68

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.2
38.8
38.9

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70
12.03
12.26
12.60

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64
471.58
475.69
490.14

38.4
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.1
38.1
38.0

6.95
7.55
8.08
8.54
8.88
9.15
9.34
9.59
9.98
10.39

1990
1991
1992
1993
1994

40.8
40.7
41.0
41.4
42.0

10.83
11.18
11.46
11.74
12.06

10.37
10.71
10.95
11.18
11.42

441.86
455.03
469.86
486.04
506.52

38.9
38.7
38.9
39.6
39.9

12.97
13.22
13.45
13.62
13.86

504.53
511.61
523.21
539.35
553.01

38.1
38.1
38.2
38.2
38.4

10.79
11.15
11.39
11.74
12.05

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1994:
July
August
September
October ....
November
December
1995:
January ....
February ...
March
April
May
Junep
July"

41.6
42.0
42.4
42.3
42.5
42.9

$12.04
12.01
12.14
12.10
12.17
12.26

$11.42
11.35
11.45
11.43
11.50
11.57

$500.86
504.42
514.74
511.83
517.23
525.95

40.3
40.2
40.1
40.2
39.8
39.6

$13.81
13.84
13.91
14.01
14.07
14.04

$556.54
556.37
557.79
563.20
559.99
555.98

38.4
38.3
38.4
38.7
38.4
38.5

$12.04
12.00
12.09
12.20
12.15
12.21

42.0
41.7
41.7
40.4
41.4
41.6
40.8

12.23
12.24
12.25
12.29
12.28
12.30
12.40

11.60
11.62
11.63
11.77
11.69
11.70
11.80

513.66
510.41
510.83
496.52
508.39
511.68
505.92

39.4
39.3
39.1
39.6
39.2
39.5
40.1

14.08
14.04
14.06
14.14
14.07
14.08
14.19

554.75
551.77
549.75
559.94
551.54
556.16
569.02

38.2
38.1
38.0
38.3
38.1
38.3
38.5

12.30
12.28
12.25
12.45
12.32
12.32
12.43

See footnotes at end of table.




47

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2
29.2
29.1
28.9

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03
6.12
6.31
6.53

147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
176.08
178.70
183.62
188.72

1990
1991
1992
1993
1994

28.8
28.6
28.8
28.8
28.9

6.75
6.94
7.12
7.29
7.49

194.40
198.48
205.06
209.95
216.46

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Services
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.3
35.9
35.8

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.36
8.73
9.06
9.53

209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.30
316.90
325.25
341.17

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.6
32.6

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.18
8.49
8.88
9.38

35.8
35.7
35.8
35.8
35.8

9.97
10.39
10.82
11.35
11.83

356.93
370.92
387.36
406.33
423.51

32.5
32.4
32.5
32.5
32.5

9.83
10.23
10.54
10.78
11.05

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1994:
July
August
September
October ....
November
December
1995:
January ....
February...
March
April
May
June"
Jul/

29.8
29.7
29.0
29.1
28.7
29.3

$7.46
7.44
7.54
7.57
7.57
7.59

$222.31
220.97
218.66
220.29
217.26
222.39

35.7
35.5
35.5
36.2
35.5
35.7

$11.72
11.73
11.85
12.02
11.98
12.05

$418.40
416.42
420.68
435.12
425.29
430.19

32.7
32.7
32.4
32.7
32.3
32.4

$10.90
10.90
11.11
11.20
11.22
11.29

28.2
28.1
28.3
28.9
28.7
29.2
29.7

7.64
7.63
7.63
7.65
7.65
7.65
7.67

215.45
214.40
215.93
221.09
219.56
223.38
227.80

36.3
35.7
35.5
36.3
35.4
35.6
36.4

12.17
12.19
12.21
12.32
12.24
12.21
12.33

441.77
435.18
433.46
447.22
433.30
434.68
448.81

32.4
32.3
32.2
32.5
32.1
32.5
32.9

11.39
11.38
11.36
11.40
11.34
11.24
11.27

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.

48




p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1994 benchmark levels.
When more recent
benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April
1994 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994

1995

Industry
July

Total

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Junep

114,171 114,510 114,762 114,935 115,427 115,624 115,810 116,123 116,302 116,310 116,248 116,498

Total private

95,061 95,327 95,555 95,740 96,152 96,405 96,588 96,882 97,054 97,049 97,005 97,229

Goods-producing

23,922 23,981 24,030 24,081 24,175 24,230 24,293 24,324 24,370 24,331 24,228 24,235

1

Mining
Metal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors
Manufacturing

Julyp

596
49
332
103

597
49
333
103

598
49
336
103

595
49
331
104

592
49
328
104

592
50
326
104

590
50
325
105

588
51
323
105

589
51
323
106

583
51
319
105

582
51
320
104

582
52
320
104

5,029
1,199
743
3,087

5,038
1,206
738
3,094

5,077
1,214
740
3,123

5,088
1,222
734
3,132

5,144
1,234
740
3,170

5,166
1,241
739
3,186

5,201
1,250
742
3,209

5,213
1,250
740
3,223

5,256
1,258
747
3,251

5,242
1,255
743
3,244

5,190
1,237
730
3,223

5,231
1,242
737
3,252

18,297 18,346 18,355 18,398 18,439 18,472 18,502 18,523 18,525 18,506 18,456 18,422

Durable goods
10,422 10,465 10,481 10,513 10,550 10,574 10,596 10,622 10,633 10,632 10,611 10,594
766
766
757
753
757
758
761
767
766
767
761
Lumber and wood products
755
507
504
507
501
497
504
505
508
509
509
506
Furniture and fixtures
504
539
535
540
542
544
Stone, clay, and glass products
534
537
542
545
547
546
533
712
704
715
718
716
Primary metal industries
699
708
716
718
718
719
700
Blast furnaces and basic steel
products
238
239
240
240
239
240
240
241
240
239
240
241
1,396
1,412 1,421
1,428
1,435
Fabricated metal products
1,390
1,397 1,405
1,439
1,442 1,439
1,432
1,992 1,995 1,999 2,006 2,010 2,017 2,025 2,029 2,036 2,034 2,040
Industrial machinery and equipment...
1,983
Computer and office equipment
344
341
340
337
352
350
348
345
342
336
337
336
Electronic and other electrical
equipment
1,570 1,581
1,595
1,603 1,608 1,613 1,614 1,616
1,586 1,589
1,620 1,620
Electronic components and
accessories
549
554
556
565
571
545
552
560
563
569
574
577
Transportation equipment
1,751
1,761
1,764 1,764 1,764 1,766 1,767 1,766
1,736
1,753
1,761
1,754
Motor vehicles and equipment
908
921
924
934
938
893
913
926
932
937
936
934
473
467
465
457
455
475
469
462
459
455
452
449
Aircraft and parts
859
854
854
849
846
859
857
853
850
847
846
845
Instruments and related products
392
394
395
396
394
392
392
395
396
396
393
393
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products ....
Leather and leather products
Service-producing

7,875
1,681
42
673
969
692
1,544
1,060
148
953
113

7,881
1,679
42
674
972
691
1,547
1,057
150
956
113

7,874
1,677
41
671
971
689
1,547
1,056
149
960
113

7,885
1,677
41
674
970
692
1,550
1,055
149
965
112

7,889
1,683
41
674
963
692
1,551
1,054
149
970
112

7,898
1,684
41
673
960
692
1,556
1,054
150
975
113

7,906
1,690
40
672
957
693
1,557
1,055
147
982
113

7,901
1,689
40
671
951
692
1,561
1,054
148
983
112

7,892
1,690
39
670
946
691
1,561
1,053
148
982
112

7,874
1,687
40
669
940
692
1,557
1,051
146
981
111

7,845
1,687
39
664
931
690
1,555
1,048
145
976
110

7,828
1,694
40
659
920
689
1,561
1,044
145
968
108

90,249 90,529 90,732 90,854 91,252 91,394 91,517 91,799 91,932 91,979 92,020 92,263

Transportation and public utilities
6,022
Transportation
3,794
Railroad transportation
240
Local and interurban passenger
415
transit
Trucking and warehousing
1,813
Water transportation
171
Transportation by air
744
Pipelines, except natural gas
17
Transportation services
394
Communications and public utilities
2,228
Communications
1,305
Electric, gas, and sanitary services .... 923

6,045
3,810
237

6,048
3,813
240

6,061
3,821
240

6,092
3,846
242

6,121
3,870
241

6,129
3,886
241

6,156
3,900
242

6,175
3,914
242

6,184
3,919
242

6,177
3,910
240

6,189
3,918
238

425
1,819
168
746
18
397
2,235
1,314
921

418
1,824
168
746
18
399
2,235
1,314
921

417
1,828
167
748
18
403
2,240
1,320
920

421
1,843
165
750
18
407
2,246
1,325
921

425
1,857
164
754
18
411
2,251
1,331
920

428
1,864
166
754
17
416
2,243
1,327
916

431
1,871
165
756
17
418
2,256
1,343
913

433
1,877
164
760
17
421
2,261
1,351
910

437
1,879
164
759
17
421
2,265
1,355
910

439
1,872
161
758
17
423
2,267
1,359
908

441
1,877
159
762
17
424
2,271
1,365
906

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

6,163
3,555
2,608

6,181
3,564
2,617

6,195
3,574
2,621

6,210
3,587
2,623

6,229
3,599
2,630

6,251
3,615
2,636

6,275
3,631
2,644

6,287
3,643
2,644

6,300
3,650
2,650

6,298
3,653
2,645

6,317
3,665
2,652

6,138
3,544
2,594

See footnotes at end of table.




49

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994

1995

Industry
July

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service

stations
New and used car dealers
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ..
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Savings institutions
Nondepository institutions
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices .
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and
service

Real estate

Aug.

20,459 20,497
833
835
2,551
2,542
2,219
2,211
3,297
3,292

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

20,565 20,580 20,703
838
844
840
2,555
2,598
2,563
2,225
2,232 2,268
3,296
3,298 3,308

Dec,

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

20,759 20,760 20,794 20,760 20,762
851
852
849
846
851
2,562
2,585
2,539
2,530
2,545
2,256
2,218
2,207
2,236
2,223
3,320
3,325 3,328 3,332
3,345

May

Junep

20,747
849
2,532
2,213
3,343

20,798
849
2,532
2,216
3,353

2,122
967
1,134
893
7,076
2,567

2,135
971
1,132
899
7,084
2,564

2,145
975
1,135
906
7,103
2,587

2,154
979
1,136
915
7,086
2,588

2,165
984
1,130
926
7,134
2,598

2,173
989
1,126
927
7,182
2,600

2,182
993
1,122
933
7,188
2,597

2,191
996
1,118
936
7,221
2,604

2,202
998
1,110
943
7,191
2,603

2,205
1,000
1,103
945
7,170
2,603

2,205
1,000
1,095
944
7,169
2,610

2,206
998
1,096
947
7,208
2,607

6,947
3,332
2,076
1,492
308
502
522
232
2,238
1,551

6,948
3,329
2,074
1,492
305
499
524
232
2,238
1,549

6,942
3,324
2,072
1,492
303
494
525
233
2,236
1,546

6,935
3,320
2,072
1,496
300
490
525
233
2,236
1,544

6,937
6,931
3,317
3,319
2,071 J 2,070
1,498
1,498
295
296
481
485
530
528
235
236
2,232
2,236
1,537
1,542

6,927
3,312
2,067
1,497
293
478
530
237
2,233
1,535

6,929
3,312
2,066
1,497
291
475
532
239
2,233
1,534

6,938
3,313
2,066
1,499
289
475
532
240
2,238
1,536

6,924
3,305
2,063
1,494
288
473
528
241
2,239
1,536

6,925
3,307
2,060
1,492
285
476
528
243
2,237
1,534

6,934
3,307
2,057
1,491
284
479
528
243
2,240
1,535

687
1,377

689
1,381

690
1,382

692
1,379

694
1,382

698
1,382

699
1,384

702
1,387

703
1,380

703
1,381

705
1,387

695
1,382

July"

31,573 31,693 31,789 31,888 32,035 32,135 32,228 32,404 32,524 32,548 32,630 32,756
Services1
584
574
588
580
589
582
578
575
571
584
577
567
Agricultural services
1,616
1,617
1,612
1,614
1,611
1,625
1,612
1,614
1,620
1,605
1,615
1,625
Hotels and other lodging places
1,158
1,139
1,138
1,160
1,152
1,144
1,140
1,148
1,139
1,140
1,146
1,135
Personal services
6,570
6,358
6,487
6,555
6,538
6,593
6,392
6,513
6,314
6,457
6,567
6,274
Business services
871
861
870
870
866
869
861
868
860
869
866
858
Services to buildings
2,399
2,321
2,386
2,427
2,368
2,377
2,337
2,408
2,296
2,373
2,371
2,281
Personnel supply services
2,138
2,061
2,118
2,152
2,097
2,099
2,077
2,138
2,040
2,107
2,096
2,026
Help supply services
Computer and data processing
967
1,046
974
1,017
994
958
984
991
1,026
1,039
949
1,006
services
1,014
984
1,021
1,006
979
995
1,000
1,010
1,016
1,016
971
989
Auto repair, services, and parking
344
334
338
342
341
340
335
340
334
337
342
333
Miscellaneous repair services
577
545
491
519
529
580
596
593
505
481
566
470
Motion pictures
1,434
1,354
1,371
1,375
1,462
1,471
1,509
1,364
1,380
1,365
1,398
1,361
Amusement and recreation services
9,197
9,055 9,074
9,096
9,121
9,211
9,223
9,250
9,141
9,037
9,168
9,011
Health services
1,576
1,548
1,557
1,562
1,578
1,580
1,585
1,553
1,563
1,549
1,570
1,541
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
1,679
1,659
1,663
1,667
1,682
1,683
1,688
1,661
1,672
1,657
1,676
1,654
Nursing and personal care facilities ....
3,802
3,779
3,785
3,790
3,810
3,810
3,810
3,781
3,792
3,776
3,796
3,772
Hospitals
599
572
579
588
597
600
605
575
591
566
596
560
Home health care facilities
933
928
930
930
932
930
928
928
931
925
927
932
Legal services
1,863
1,840
1,851
1,854
1,866
1,875
1,886
1,843
1,843
1,831
1,864
1,826
Educational services
2,264
2,211
2,216
2,226
2,233
2,265
2,275
2,266
2,205
2,244
2,254
2,191
Social services
519
509
512
512
519
522
522
510
514
518
517
506
Child day care services
629
610
617
620
631
634
635
613
623
606
626
603
Residential care
Museums and botanical and zoological
81
80
79
80
80
81
81
82
79
81
80
79
gardens
2,062
2,066
2,062
2,057
2,060
2,060
2,066
2,059
2,065
2,060
2,060
2,058
Membership organizations
2,616
2,674
2,705
2,595
2,634
2,606
2,648
2,685
2,658
2,578
2,589
2,575
Engineering and management services
785
787
790
800
793
795
799
799
795
778
780
785
Engineering and architectural services
737
742
785
808
731
752
762
790
773
719
725
716
Management and public relations
Government
Federal
Federal, except Postal Service
State
Education
Other State government
Local
Education
Other local government
1

19,110
2,864
2,045
4,572
1,882
2,690
11,674
6,497
5,177

19,183 19,207
2,863
2,861
2,039
2,041
4,589
4,594
1,891
1,900
2,698
2,694
11,728 11,755
6,548 6,554
5,201
5,180

19,195 19,275
2,858
2,854
2,022
2,031
4,596
4,589
1,892
1,888
2,704
2,701
11,748 11,825
6,544 6,549
5,204 5,276

Includes other industries, not shown separately.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from

p

50




19,219
2,853
2,014
4,598
1,891
2,707
11,768
6,557
5,211

19,222 19,241 19,248 19,261
2,838
2,831
2,826
2,828
2,004
1,997
1,987
1,992
4,599
4,610
4,608
4,613
1,889
1,901
1,905
1,904
2,710
2,703
2,709
2,709
11,785 11,800 11,807 11,827
6,614
6,599
6,577
6,591
5,213
5,208
5,208
5,209

19,243 19,269
2,831
2,831
1,995
1,987
4,602
4,607
1,906
1,916
2,696
2,691
11,810 11,831
6,602
6,606
5,229
5,204

March 1994 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1991 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994

1995

Industry
May

Total
Total private

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

54,902

55,014 55,110 55,271 55,390 55,459 55,687 55,762 55,809 55,956 56,014 56,048

44,500

44,631 44,721 44,853 44,945 45,009 45,182 45,277 45,322 45,442 45,495 45,513

6,600

6,618

6,617

6,647

6,650

6,665

6,676

6,684

6,694

6,698

6,694

6,682

85

85

85

86

85

85

84

83

83

83

82

82

545

549

551

555

560

562

568

568

575

580

584

583

5,970

5,984

5,981

6,006

6,005

6,018

6,024

6,033

6,036

6,035

6,028

6,017

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,748
123
153
104
97
304
429
658
352
354
174

2,759
124
154
104
97
306
433
661
353
353
174

2,754
124
156
104
98
307
430
660
347
352
176

2,773
126
155
104
98
308
435
665
355
351
176

2,776
126
156
104
99
308
436
666
355
350
176

2,785
127
157
105
99
311
435
668
357
349
177

2,793
128
158
104
100
312
436
670
358
349
178

2,802
128
158
104
101
314
436
675
360
349
177

2,803
129
158
105
101
315
436
675
358
348
178

2,806
128
158
105
101
316
437
677
358
348
178

2,806
129
159
105
101
317
436
677
358
346
178

2,807
128
158
106
102
317
437
677
359
346
177

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,222
547
13
319
744
167
685
336
25
323
63

3,225
547
13
319
743
167
688
335
25
325
63

3,227
548
13
319
741
167
690
335
25
326
63

3,233
548
13
319
742
167
693
335
25
328
63

3,229
547
13
318
741
166
692
334
25
330
63

3,233
547
13
318
739
167
695
334
25
332
63

3,231
550
13
319
733
167
695
334
25
332
63

3,231
550
13
318
731
166
697
334
25
334
63

3,233
554
13
317
727
167
697
335
25
336
62

3,229
554
13
316
722
166
700
336
25
335
62

3,222
554
12
315
717
166
701
335
25
335
62

3,210
553
12
314
712
166
699
335
24
334
61

Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

48,302 48,396 48,493 48,624 48,740 48,794 49,011 49,078 49,115 49,258 49,320 49,366

Transportation and public utilities

1,757

1,762

1,768

1,778

1,780

1,786

1,796

1,809

1,809

1,819

1,825

1,833

Wholesale trade

1,876

1,879

1,881

1,890

1,897

1,900

1,905

1,911

1,917

1,923

1,923

1,928

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

10,754 10,773 10,804 10,826 10,858 10,854 10,918 10,939 10,956 10,950 10,929 10,899
4,383

4,388 j 4,387

4,386

4,380

4,375

4,372

4,373

4,369

4,364

4,371

4,368

Services

19,130 19,211

Government
Federal
State
Local

10,402 10,383 10,389 10,418 10,445 10,450 10,505 10,485 10,487 10,514 10,519 10,535
1,198 1,195 1,193 1,194 1,195 1,194 1,192 1,199
1,187 1,186
1,186
1,186
2,282 2,267 2,286 2,292 2,296 2,300 2,304 2,304 2,305 2,313 2,315 2,318
6,922 6,921
6,910 6,932 6,954 6,956 7,009 6,982 6,995 7,015 7,018 7,031

19,264 19,326 19,380 19,429 19,515 19,561 19,577 19,688 19,753 19,803

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1994 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,




all seasonally adjusted data from January 1991 forward are subject to revision.

51

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally
adjusted
(In thousands)
1994

1995

Industry
Aug.

Sept.

Total private

77,600

77,826

78,040 78,185 78,554 78,769 78,914 79,164 79,351 79,307 79,322 79,471

Goods-producing

16,926

16,979

17,027 17,066 17,168

426

425

428

425

426

426

427

427

428

426

426

425

3,890

3,896

3,928

3,932

3,983

4,000

4,033

4,042

4,081

4,067

4,008

4,047

12,610

12,658

12,785 12,813 12,833 12,832 12,818

12,7721

12,736)

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

7,088
623
399
412
538
182
1,038
1,231
1,009
1,137
690

7,128
625
399
413
539
181
1,044
1,239
1,019
1,151
705

7,296
627
400
423
559
183
1,085
1,281
1,043
1,181
736

7,271
621
397
420
557
184
1,081
1,279
1,043
1,178
733

7,251
618
393
420!
557
185
1,075
1,282
1,039
1,172
731

(2)

(2)

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

5,522
1,231
32
571
810
524
848
578
96
742
90

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

(2)

279

5,036

Wholesale trade

4,953

Finance, insurance, and real estate

Services

279
5,530
1,230
33
572
812
524
851
576
97
745
90

12,671 12,709 12,759




Dec.

Jan.

Feb. I Mar.

414
547
183
1,053
1,250
1,022
1,163
716

7,239
633
402
418
553
183
1,067
1,258
1,039
1,169
721

7,259
633
403
420
554
183
1,074
1,263
1,042
1,171
727

7,288
633
404
422
556
183
1,080
1,268
1,049
1,177
731

7,297
633
403
423
557
184
1,084
1,274
1,045
1,181
735

279

280

281

280

281

281

280

5,526
1,229
32
569
812
522
850
578
97
748
89

5,534
1,227
32
571
812
524
851
579
97
752
89

5,541
1,234
32
572
806
525
851
579
97
756
89

5,546
1,235
32
571
804
525
853
580
97
760
89

5,554
1,243
31
570
800
526
853
581
95
766
89

5,545
1,241
31
568
795
525
854
580
96
767
88

5,535
1,242
30
566
789
525
854
580
96
765
88

(2)

7,175
628

400J

0

(2)

Apr.

May

Jul/

17,211 17,273 17,302 17,341 17,311 17,206 17,208

7,218
632
402
417
551
183
1,060
1,255
1,032
1,169
720

7,145
626
399
412
543
182
1,045
1,244
1,023
1,154
708

18,009
5,057
27,619

5,048
4,974

5,058
4,988

5,069; 5,092
5,001

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

279

278

278

5,522
1,240
30
566
782
526
851
581
95
764
87

5,501
1,240
29
561
775
525
850
581
94
760
86

5,485
1,247
30
556
764
522
854
581
94
752
85

5,014

5,124

5,131

5,147

5,172

5,182

5,169

5,166

5,034

5,054

5,076

5,090

5,095

5,101

5,120

18,046 18,100 18,102 18,207 18,244 18,271 18,286 18,267 18,238 18,237 18,271
5,056

5,052

5,045

5,044

5,039

5,040

5,042

5,044

5,042

5,050

5,057

27,723 27,815 27,902 28,029 28,117 28,145 28,311 28,437 28,439 28,559 28,649

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal
component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular

52

Nov.

60,674 60,847 61,013 61,119j 61,386 61,558 61,641 61,862 62,010 61,996 62,116 62,263

Transportation and public utilities

Retail trade

0

Oct.

Junep

July

components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1994 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1991 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
DIFFUSION INDEXES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Sept.

Aug.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1

Over 1-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

39.7
42.3
57.6
60.0
60.3

40.0
45.2
61.5
63.3
61.7

38.6
50.1
51.4
65.9
57.6

37.2
57.3
58.3
62.4
51.3

49.4
53.7
61.4
58.0
46.2

44.2
48.2
55.1
63.8
P54.6

47.1
53.5
57.7
60.5
P48.6

53.7
49.6
56.3
61.5

49.3
53.4
61.4
60.7

47.6
57.0
59.7
61.1

46.2
52.2
61.1
65.3

45.8
58.1
60.7
61.1

Over 3-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

34.0
40.2
64.0
68.8
66.4

32.6
42.6
61.2
70.9
64.9

31.5
50.7
61.8
69.8
57.9

38.2
56.3
58.8
67.1
49.3

39.3
56.3
61.4
66.0
P50.0

44.2
54.6
61.8
66.0
P47.2

48.9
50.6
59.3
68.4

52.0
51.3
61.8
68.3

52.1
52.5
62.6
67.8

44.9
54.9
66.7
67.3

43.5
58.7
65.7
68.1

41.2
59.1
63.6
67.4

Over 6-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

29.8
43.4
63.2
71.2
65.9

32.6
46.2
63.8
70.2
58.8

30.9
46.3
62.8
70.5
P55.8

32.6
50.8
64.2
69.5
P51.7

39.0
55.1
60.8
69.8

44.8
55.3
63.9
69.1

47.1
52.7
64.5
70.5

44.7
52.2
64.7
70.9

48.0
56.7
66.2
69.0

45.8
55.9
67.3
69.0

40.7
63.6
70.8
67.4

40.3
63.2
70.8
67.0

31.0
47.2
64.9
68.4
P62.4

31.0
42.3
63.9
70.8

31.7
42.7
64.0
71.9

31.9
44.1
65.4
70.2

31.7
48.0
67.0
69.5

33.8
52.5
67.6
69.7

35.8
55.8
67.6
70.4

37.5
60.7
67.0
70.8

40.0
59.7
70.2
70.4

45.2
61.4
69.4
70.2

45.6
62.9
68.8
66.0

45.4
62.9
69.4
64.9

Over 12-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

p

Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

32.4
37.1
52.2
59.4
56.8

35.6
40.3
57.9
61.2
54.7

32.4
46.0
52.9
59.4
49.6

35.3
57.2
44.2
56.5
44.2

47.1
48.2
51.4
55.0
36.7

42.4
46.0
46.0
59.0
P41.0

44.6
56.1
50.7
54.0
p
35.3

52.2
42.8
48.6
56.5

43.2
50.7
56.1
53.2

47.5
47.5
54.7
59.4

42.1
51.4
56.5
59.0

38.5
52.5
54.3
57.6

Over 3-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

23.7
29.9
60.8
65.1
61.5

23.0
36.0
60.4
66.5
56.1

20.9
45.0
57.2
64.4
47.1

33.1
51.4
46.4
59.0
35.6

35.6
52.2
46.4
58.6
P32.0

37.4
54.3
50.7
58.3
P25.2

47.1
45.3
49.6
61.5

47.1
50.7
54.3
59.0

50.4
43.9
53.2
61.5

39.9
49.6
60.1
60.4

37.4
51.4
56.1
64.0

32.7
53.6
57.6
62.2

Over 6-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

14.7
33.5
57.6
61.9
57.2

20.5
36.0
56.5
62.9
47.1

21.6
39.6
56.1
64.4
P39.6

24.8
47.5
55.0
61.5
P29.1

34.9
51.8
49.3
60.8

38.5
52.5
52.2
59.0

42.8
47.5
55.4
62.2

40.6
48.9
57.9
62.6

41.4
52.5
56.8
61.5

39.2
47.1
57.6
64.0

31.7
57.9
65.1
61.5

33 1
58.3
62.9
61 5

16.5
42.4
56.8
58.3
P45.7

16.2
36.7
57.9
59.7

17.3
36.3
55.8
61.9

18.0
36.0
58.6
61.5

20.9
39.6
57.2
61.5

24.1
45.7
57.6
61.5

26.3
50.0
58.6
61.9

30.6
55.8
59.0
63.3

32.7
57.9
61.2
61.5

38.1
56.8
60.4
59.7

38.8
58.3
60.1
56.5

37 4
56 5
59 4
49 6

Over 12-month span:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995

1
Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and
unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus
one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent




p

.
indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment. Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1994 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data (beginning April 1994) and all seasonally
adjusted data (beginning January 1991) are subject to revision.

53

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major Industry, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1995

1994
State
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Dec.
Total

Apr.

Feb.

May

1

1,756.2
259.4
1,667.9
1,031.6
12,143.8
1,750.3
1,544.8
354.9
658.9
5,785.0
3,256.6

1,750.4
259.7
1,676.4
1,039.9
12,148.4
1,762.0
1,546.1
354.9
656.4
5,805.3
3,262.6

1,755.6
261.8
1,700.1
1,045.8
12,162.1
1,763.3
1,549.4
358.6
655.0
5,813.9
3,281.9

1,764.7
263.2
1,713.8
1,047.5
12,176.9
1,765.1
1,550.8
358.7
656.0
5,849.8
3,292.4

1,763.4
262.4
1,715.7
1,052.9
12,177.3
1,767.3
1,553.2
357.8
656.1
5,865.0
3,310.5

1,778.7
262.21
1,723.2
1,056.7
12,185.9
1,771.3
1,551.2
358.5
654.0
5,919.6
3,334.7

1,769.9
260.8
1,731.1
1,058.6
12,195.2
1,780.1
1,551.0
359.1
653.5
5,900.6
3,346.9

1.772.4
262.7
1,734.5
1.061.3
12,150.1
1,791.8
1,542.2
357.7
648.2
5,912.4
3,351.1

1,773.6
264.0
1,743.7
1,064.5
12,225.9
1,793.2
1,543.0
359.8
648.6
5,939.9
3,365.0

1,774.1
262.6
1,747.3
1,066.4
12,228.1
1,799.1
1,542.0
360.3
648.6
5,956.9
3,377.3

1,774.6
261.1
1,751.3
1,070.6
12,234.4
1,791.2
1,545.8
360.2
647.4
5,967.4
3,382.5

1,771.5
262.0
1,753.3
1,070.1
12,242.0
1,791.6
1,541.5
359.7
645.2
5,986.0
3,383.9

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

536.7
462.5
5,474.7
2,707.4
1,322.2
1,166.0
1,597.0
1,713.8
530.7
2,148.0

534.9
464.4
5,486.4
2,705.9
1,329.0
1,160.1
1,605.8
1,727.8
533.9
2,153.0

535.0
465.6
5,488.9
2,709.7
1,327.3
1,168.9
1,607.8
1,734.9
534.2
2,150.2

536.8
467.8
5,494.2
2,723.4
1,330.3
1,173.6
1,620.1
1,744.6
534.8
2,156.8

536.9
471.1
5,509.8
2,733.3
1,330.5
1,181.7
1,619.0
1,759.0
535.4
2,159.2

538.2
472.5
5,519.5
2,747.2
1,336.9
1,192.4
1,624.0
1,769.3
535.3
2,160.4

538.6
474.2
5,522.5
2,757.7
1,338.3
1,184.3
1,624.3
1,779.1
537.3
2,162.9

536.3
476.4
5,520.9
2,753.1
1,337.2
1,185.9
1,611.3
1,784.3
539.0
2,159.1

535.5
477.0
5,535.0
2,769.5
1,340.9
1,189.5
1,617.4
1,785.5
541.1
2,154.7

535.1
479.2
5,544.9
2,770.3
1,345.3
1,192.2
1,627.5
1,788.1
541.7
2,160.8

534.6
476.7
5,541.1
2,768.0
1,349.8
1,190.9
1,629.0
1,788.7
542.3
2,162.4

534.3
473.9
5,531.7
2,756.1
1,349.4
1,196.4
1,632.7
1,793.9
541.4
2,159.9

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

2,895.7
4,137.4
2,315.7
1,058.4
2,465.8
338.6
793.8
734.5
522.1
3,556.9

2,914.9
4,149.9
2,319.9
1,065.9
2,478.4
341.8
796.7
740.5
528.6
3,560.3

2,924.9
4,157.9
2,320.2
1,068.1
2,481.7
345.4
796.7
748.5
526.2
3,569.7

2,936.1
4,170.5
2,321.6
1,059.1
2,494.2
345.6
798.4
752.7
526.9
3,572.4

2,939.4
4,179.4
2,330.6
1,058.2
2,505.3
345.9
802.0
753.0
527.6
3,576.4

2,942.3
4,197.3
2,335.6
1,060.3
2,511.4
347.6
809.2
757.5
530.1
3,578.2

2,943.2
4,200.8
2,339.6
1,061.2
2,517.7
345.8
806.5
759.6
529.2
3,582.9

2,937.2
4,223.3
2,343.9
1,057.7
2,515.9
347.4
806.7
759.3
530.3
3,582.5

2,943.6
4,237.7
2,350.1
1,060.4
2,534.7
347.8
810.6|
764.1
532.2
3,595.9

2,947.5
4,245.7
2,357.7
1,055.8
2,542.0
348.8
811.3
769.1
532.8
3,599.6

2,951.5
4,255.2
2,361.7
1,055.8
2,545.9
348.6
812.0
772.1
534.1
3,603.3

2,948.3
4,258.6
2,362.1
1,055.5
2,540.8
350.6
808.6
773.8
532.2
3,605.0

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

655.8
7,809.7
3,359.0
294.0
5,077.1
1,277.3
1,359.9
5,197.1
435.1
1,608.2

658.5
7,826.1
3,370.5
295.3
5,073.7
1,282.8
1,367.1
5,199.4
434.4
1,615.9

659.8
7,828.2
3,383.4
296.8
5,088.0
1,282.6
1,371.7
5,206.0
435.9
1,615.3

664.6
7,821.7
3,389.7
297.8
5,100.0
1,284.9
1,374.7
5,214.8
433.8
1,616.6

669.8
7,822.1
3,399.9
298.2
5,113.3
1,292.0
1,382.5
5,223.7
435.1
1,614.7

675.9
7,823.4
3,407.6
299.4
5,121.0
1,298.8
1,391.3
5,228.4
436.0
1,631.9

676.1
7,817.2
3,413.9
299.9
5,132.0
1,305.3
1,395.7
5,231.9
436.0
1,618.6

679.5
7,829.0
3,417.7
298.7
5,138.9
1.298.6
1,395.9
5,228.7
436.2
1,614.3

682.5
7,829.5
3,420.0
299.3
5,160.8
1,296.8
1,398.1
5,233.1
434.6
1,617.9

685.1
7,828.3
3,432.0
300.5
5,174.2
1,295.1
1,408.2
5,229.3
434.2
1,624.1

685.6
7,837.1
3,436.9
301.4
5,173.9
1,296.6
1,409.5
5,222.8
434.4
1,626.6

684.7
7,832.9
3,434.3
301.7
5,171.9
1,299.6
1,415.1
5,203.5
432.5
1,626.1

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

332.4
2,421.5
7,727.9
858.8
264.2
3,001.7
2,300.9
672.9
2,478.1
216.1

334.0
2,429.5
7,784.1
863.5
263.6
3,008.5
2,301.5
670.9
2,492.2
217.1

333.1
2,428.4
7,818.4
867.4
263.8
3,015.9
2,312.9
677.0
2,493.6
218.4

335.2
2,436.9
7,824.7
873.4
264.7
3,022.2
2,319.4
678.2
2,498.3
217.6

337.0
2,442.4
7,833.9
876.4
266.4
3,042.4
2,338.6
682.0
2,505.1
218.3

339.2
2,469.5
7,853.7
880.4
266.0
3,050.4
2,345.4
695.2
2,516.9
218.7

339.3
2,458.61
7,883.3
883.61
266.5
3,053.9
2,350.6
685.7
2,520.3
218.7

341.1
2,464.2
7,867.2
886.2
264.9
3,060.5
2,347.4
683.7
2,526.4
219.9

342.6
2,471.3
7,900.7
889.0
265.7
3,061.5
2,352.5
679.6
2,524.2
220.4

341.9
2,481.9
7,946.5
892.0
268.3
3,069.3
2,353.9
683.8
2,532.5
220.1

341.6
2,485.8
7,975.8
898.3
269.0
3,075.2
2,359.4
686.8
2,535.3
220.4

341.4
2,487.9
7,985.9
902.5
267.7
3,073.4
2,361.7
687.0
2,537.8
218.8

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

See footnotes at end of table.

54




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994

1995

State
June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Junep

Construction
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

82.1
11.9
107.4
41.5
463.5
97.6
49.2
16.9
9.3
295.7
139.7

82.5
12.1
108.5
42.1
466.1
97.0
48.9
17.5
9.5
300.6
137.4

82.4
12.2
109.5
42.6
468.3
97.7
49.3
17.4
9.6
302.0
141.9

83.7
12.3
111.0
43.2
472.7
98.1
49.4
17.6
9.7
303.4
144.2

82.4
12.7
114.0
43.9
474.1
98.3
49.8
17.6
9.8
303.5
142.9

83.2
13.3
115.0
44.3
474.3
99.4
49.8
17.8
9.8
304.9
147.4

83.6
13.1
115.8
44.9
476.5
100.5
50.4
17.9
9.7
304.9
148.2

85.3
13.3
116.6
44.4
453.8
101.5
52.6
17.6
9.7
308.5
150.7

84.3
13.2
117.4
44.4
487.7
101.0
52.4
17.5
9.4
308.4
147.7

85.0
12.8
115.5
44.7
477.6
103.4
51.6
17.9
9.6
308.7
152.4

85.5
12.8
113.9
44.9
486.1
98.3
51.1
18.4
9.9
308.6
151.9

84.6
12.8
113.4
44.6
487.6
96.9
50.6
17.6
9.9
306.3
153.4

85.4
12.5
112.3
44.4
491.4
95.5
51.3
17.6
10.1
306.9
155.0

Hawaii2
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

29.2
29.7
215.5
128.3
53.4
49.4
74.8
102.7
20.5
126.8

29.0
30.0
217.5
129.5
53.8
50.3
76.7
104.1
21.2
126.4

29.2
30.1
217.1
129.2
53.5
49.8
76.7
105.9
21.3
126.5

29.2
30.4
217.7
130.9
53.8
49.5
77.2
107.3
21.5
126.9

29.1
30.3
218.4
131.2
53.7
50.3
77.8
106.8
22.0
127.4

29.1
30.5
218.5
132.2
54.7
50.7
78.5
107.6
21.9
128.5

28.7
30.0
216.3
132.8
54.4
50.2
76.9
108.5
22.0
128.8

27.8
30.9
212.1
131.5
57.0
51.1
72.5
110.6
21.8
127.3

27.2
31.0
209.0
133.0
57.8
51.1
70.9
108.1
21.7
125.4

27.4
31.5
212.0
134.6
57.1
51.8
75.1
108.5
21.8
128.1

27.3
30.7
212.3
133.9
55.6
52.1
75.2
106.3
22.3
127.0

26.8
29.8
214.6
130.9
55.1
52.0
74.0
106.6
22.0
126.4

26.9
29.6
216.9
132.7
55.4
52.8
74.7
108.1
21.8
125.5

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

87.2
141.4
81.6
44.6
112.9
15.0
33.6
55.5
18.1
123.9

89.0
143.9
81.8
45.1
113.3
15.6
33.6
56.6
18.2
124.3

89.5
143.5
81.1
45.4
112.8
15.7
33.6
57.2
17.8
125.1

89.2
145.4
80.7
44.5
113.5
15.8
33.8
56.6
18.2
124.7

89.4
147.7
80.9
44.7
112.5
15.7
33.6
56.4
18.6
124.6

89.7
149.5
80.2
45.0
112.1
15.6
33.8
56.8
19.3
125.5

90.3
150.8
80.7
45.5
112.7
15.2
33.2
57.4
19.9
125.1

92.3
153.4
81.0
48.4
115.6
16.1
32.8
56.1
20.4
126.9

91.5
154.0
81.4
47.7
116.1
15.7
33.0
56.7
21.0
126.5

92.3
159.5
82.3
46.9
118.1
16.0
32.6
57.3
21.1
127.6

91.6
160.9
81.5
47.6
119.2
15.6
32.3
57.7
20.8
127.8

91.1
159.4
81.1
48.4
116.2
15.3
31.4
58.5
20.5
127.7

91.7
159.0
82.6
48.9
116.3
15.5
31.4
59.0
20.4
127.8

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

40.6
249.6
166.4
12.9
207.5
46.8
61.0
203.8
13.4
83.6

41.7
251.1
167.5
12.9
206.3
47.4
61.9
204.7
13.1
85.1

42.0
252.4
167.9
13.0
206.5
47.5
62.5
204.7
13.2
84.4

42.7
254.6
168.7
13.2
206.9
48.2
64.1
205.4
13.0
84.4

43.0
256.6
169.5
13.4
208.1
49.0
64.9
205.4
13.4
84.2

43.9
257.5
170.6
13.5
210.1
49.3
65.0
206.4
13.5
84.4

44.3
256.8
171.6
13.2
211.2
49.4
65.9
206.9
13.7
84.9

45.3
257.3
171.7
13.2
213.9
49.7
65.3
206.9
13.7
84.9

46.1
257.0
170.6
13.1
214.0
48.6
65.6
205.9
13.1
83.6

46.6
254.7
174.7
13.1
214.9
48.9
67.2
206.9
12.9
84.9

47.2
255.2
176.2
12.8
213.2
49.4
67.6
204.6
12.4
84.8

46.5
255.5
175.6
13.7
211.0
49.9
67.9
200.5
12.4
84.4

46.9
255.9
174.7
14.0
210.1
49.8
68.6
200.3
12.3
83.9

South Dakota
Tennessee

14.0
101.4
376.3
48.4
11.8
164.0
124.0
35.4
99.0
13.6

14.1
101.3
381.9
48.4
11.6
164.4
123.9
34.5
98.8
13.6

14.1
100.8
383.7
49.1
11.6
164.9
124.4
34.7
98.3
13.7

14.2
101.1
386.9
50.1
11.7
165.4
124.9
35.4
99.2
13.8

14.3
101.8
389.6
50.5
12.2
166.1
126.2
35.4
101.2
13.9

14.4
103.5
392.6
50.6
12.1
166.8
125.7
36.2
100.7
13.9

14.4
103.2
396.5
50.3
11.8
168.1
125.8
36.3
100.7
14.2

14.8
105.5
403.2
50.9
11.7
170.1
125.4
35.5
99.3
14.6

14.3
105.2
402.8
51.4
11.9
168.9
124.5
33.6
96.4
14.6

14.2
108.2
406.2
52.3
12.4
171.4
125.1
35.5
100.0
14.5

14.4
108.1
403.9
53.8
12.4
172.2
124.3
36.7
100.8
14.7

13.9
107.2
403.5
54.5
11.6
172.5
124.4
35.8
101.9
13.8

14.3
108.0
405.0
56.2
11.7
173.5
125.9
35.8
103.7
14.0

Iowa

Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
See footnotes at end of table.




55

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994

1995

State
Feb.

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

385.0
16.8
193.3
253.2
1,773.4
190.5
285.3
63.6
13.0
483.6
574.8

384.5
16.5
193.4
254.6
1,776.4
191.8
285.5
61.2
13.0
484.6
574.0

387.5
17.1
194.4
256.5
1,775.0
191.6
284.7
63.7
13.0
484.0
580.3

388.1
17.4
195.3
258.3
1,775.1
192.1
283.8
63.7
13.0
484.1
580.3

389.2
16.9
196.5
259.4
1.771.6
193.1
284.1
63.7
13.1
484.7
582.7

389.5
16.0
196.6
260.4
1,769.2
194.0
283.2
63.2
13.1
484.7
584.5

390.0
15.4
196.3
261.0
1,770.5
194.8
282.7
63.2
13.1
485.2
586.4

390.4
16.9
197.7
262.6
1,767.2
193.9
282.6
63.0
13.1
485.8
586.3

390.1
18.5
199.3
263.7
1,772.2
194.8
282.0
63.2
13.1
486.7
588.0

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

17.9
71.9
959.9
661.3
245.5
189.4
305.3
187.0
91.4
179.3

17.6
72.0
952.3
656.8
247.0
188.1
305.6
187.9
91.7
179.5

17.6
72.2
952.3
664.1
245.6
187.7
305.6
188.3
91.7
178.0

17.6
72.6
953.2
665.1
247.0
189.8
306.7
188.6
91.8
178.8

17.5
73.8
954.2
666.4
247.0
191.5
307.31
190.1
92.1
178.9

17.3
73.7
953.8
671.9
247.9
191.7
308.7
190.7
92.4
179.0

17.3
74.3
953.8
675.7
248.9
191.8
309.5
191.5
92.8
178.6

17.1
75.0
956.1
678.6
249.1
191.9
310.7
191.6
93.2
178.7

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

448.4
950.0
415.5
261.0
411.7
23.0
108.8
33.4
100.8
509.6

450.9
949.8
417.7
261.8
413.8
23.2
109.1
33.8
101.5
510.8

450.2
955.2
417.8
262.4
419.4
23.2
109.2
34.3
100.8
512.2

448.7
957.5
417.5
261.3
419.9
23.3
109.3
34.7
100.7
509.5

447.8
963.1
418.6
261.5
421.7
23.4
109.9
35.0
100.8
508.5

447.6
964.4
420.3
261.6
421.9
23.5
111.3
35.0
101.3
508.6

447.8
964.9
420.6
261.2
421.8
23.6
111.8
35.2
101.3
507.3

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

44.8
953.5
857.4
21.4
1,066.5
171.3
221.4
942.6
87.4
376.6

45.3
957.6
860.2
21.1
1,063.9
171.8
221.4
944.8
87.4
377.7

46.0
954.8
861.3
21.6
1,073.6
170.3
220.1
944.3
87.2
376.4

46.1
950.4
861.0
21.7
1,073.7
170.8
220.2
942.0
86.8
376.5

45.8
948.6
862.5
21.6
1,080.5
171.7
221.7
945.5
86.5
376.4

45.8
946.4
863.0
21.9
1,083.0
171.8
223.3
946.6
86.6
375.9

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

43.5
539.1
1,007.1
116.1
43.8
404.1
336.3
81.5
583.4
10.0

43.9
540.6
1,011.5
117.1
44.0
404.6
336.1
81.5
583.7
9.9

44.1
539.8
1,012.0
117.2
44.0
403.1
336.9
81.5
584.3
10.1

44.6
540.1
1,013.1
117.7
44.3
403.9
337.1
81.8
584.9
10.1

45.0
539.7
1,014.7
118.8
44.3
406.3
338.5
82.4
588.0
10.2

45.3
540.2
1,015.9
119.3
44.2
406.6
339.8
82.7
591.9
10.2

Apr.

May

390.2
17.6
199.9
263.0
1,771.3
194.3
282.0
63.4
13.0
486.2
589.7

388.6
16.0
201.0
262.0
1,770.3
194.0
282.2 j
62.8
13.1
487.0
587.0

385.7
16.7
200.9
261.0
1,766.2
194.5
281.5
62.3
13.1
486.6
585.8

17.1
74.5
957.0
682.1
250.7
192.8
312.5
190.9
93.1
178.7

17.0
74.9
956.5
681.1
250.6
193.6
312.5
190.9
92.4
178.5

17.0
74.8
957.0
678.8
250.9
193.9
311.91
190.7
92.5
177.9

16.9
73.9
956.9
679.4
249.91
194.8
311.6
192.4
91.91
177.9

447.9
977.4
422.6
258.6
422.8
23.7
111.9
34.8
101.1
507.2

449.2
977.0
422.8
258.9
424.7
23.6
112.2
35.0
101.2
508.2

449.5
978.2
424.4
258.0
423.8
23.9
112.4
35.1
100.8
506.6

448.7
979.6
424.1
257.4
424.7
23.6
111.9
35.0
101.2
503.2

448.5
979.2
425.4
256.1
423.6
23.81
111.8
35.3
100.6
501.1

46.0
944.3
864.4
21.9
1,086.5
172.2
224.5
948.1
86.7
375.1

46.4
949.7
868.2
21.9
1,088.3
173.4
225.7
947.1
87.2
374.2

46.6
949.2
869.6
21.8
1,094.3
173.9
225.3
947.0
86.2
375.8

46.4
949.3
868.2
21.9
1,097.0
175.9
225.4
946.1
86.1
375.4

46.6
948.2
868.4
21.9
1,098.5
175.0
225.4
945.6
85.8
375.6

46.5
947.7
864.7
21.8
1,099.3
174.5
225.8
943.8
84.6
373.2

45.6
541.3
1,017.2
119.7
44.2
406.1
340.2
82.9
593.2
10.2

45.8
542.4
1,018.8
120.1
44.3
404.7
341.9
82.6
595.1
10.2

46.1
541.2
1,022.8
119.7
44.2
404.7
343.0
82.9
596.8
10.4

46.0
540.4
1,026.0
121.0
44.7
405.0
342.5
83.1
598.1
10.3

46.4
537.7
1,027.1
120.8
44.8
405.2
342.3
83.3
598.0
10.4

46.2
537.7
1,025.8
121.4
44.8
402.8
340.2
83.0
597.2
10.5

Manufacturing
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

See footnotes at end of table.

56




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1995

1994
June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Junep

Transportation and public utilities
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

86.8
23.4
84.9
59.4
613.3
107.8
70.0
15.1
21.2
295.2
212.5

86.7
23.5
86.0
59.8
616.6
108.3
70.5
15.2
20.9
294.4
212.3

86.7
23.5
86.8
60.0
616.0
107.8
70.5
15.5
21.1
295.9
212.8

86.8
23.6
87.2
60.2
615.8
107.2
70.4
15.4
21.0
296.5
210.2

86.5
23.8
86.3
60.5
614.8
106.9
70.5
15.7
20.9
296.8
210.1

86.7
23.8
86.7
60.7
613.7
106.7
70.6
15.6
21.0
297.5
210.0

86.7
23.6
87.0
61.5
610.9
106.8
70.6
15.8
21.0
299.0
209.8

86.3
23.8
89.0
61.0
608.4
106.9
70.6
15.3
20.4
299.4
208.3

86.6
23.7
90.2
61.4
610.9
106.7
71.1
15.7
20.4
299.4
208.6

86.2
23.7
89.7
61.6
612.9
107.0
70.7
15.5
20.5
300.3
208.9

86.2
23.9
89.5
62.1
614.3
107.4
71.2
15.6
20.2
299.3
209.8

86.2
23.0
88.9
62.1
614.2
108.8
70.9
15.4
20.1
299.1
209.1

85.9
23.3
89.1
62.0
617.0
110.0
70.7
15.5
20.1
299.0
208.4

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

42.0
22.0
317.7
137.9
58.7
67.8
88.6
110.5
22.8
103.6

41.7
22.0
316.9
138.6
59.1
68.1
89.6
111.2
22.8
104.4

41.7
22.1
316.7
138.4
58.8
68.3
89.5
111.7
22.5
104.5

41.8
22.3
317.3
138.2
59.2
68.5
89.5
111.5
22.8
104.3

41.4
22.5
318.2
138.0
60.0
69.2
89.9
113.1
23.3
104.0

41.4
22.5
318.9
138.2
60.0
69.4
90.5
113.2
22.9
103.4

41.5
22.5
319.1
137.3
59.7
69.3
90.6
114.0
22.9
103.1

41.6
22.7
319.4
136.1
59.6
69.7
88.7
115.9
22.7
104.2

41.7
22.7
321.2
137.0
59.8
70.1
89.6
114.5
22.7
105.2

41.6
23.0
322.2
137.1
60.1
70.2
90.4
114.2
22.8
104.8

41.4
22.8
322.7
139.2
60.2
70.1
90.1
113.4
23.0
105.0

41.4
22.8
322.5
138.2
60.0
70.3
90.5
113.7
23.1
104.4

41.6
22.8
323.5
139.2
60.1
70.7
90.6
113.6
23.3
104.4

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

126.7
163.3
113.8
48.7
156.1
20.9
48.2
37.7
18.9
243.5

127.9
162.8
114.5
48.4
156.3
20.8
48.0
38.1
18.8
244.3

127.7
162.8
113.1
48.5
157.2
20.8
48.3
38.5
18.7
245.1

127.5
163.7
115.2
48.2
156.7
20.9
48.5
38.6
18.7
244.8

127.8
164.1
115.3
48.0
157.0
21.0
49.0
38.9
18.8
245.1

127.2
164.4
115.5
48.8
157.1
21.0
49.1
39.1
18.9
245.1

127.1
164.6
115.9
47.9
157.4
21.1
49.5
38.9
18.8
244.7

126.5
166.3
116.7
48.3
158.2
20.8
49.4
39.1
19.0
245.4

126.0
165.6
116.6
48.4
157.8
20.8
49.5
39.1
19.2
246.0

126.0
166.2
116.6
48.0
157.5
20.6
49.9
39.4
19.8
246.1

126.6
164.9
115.8
47.0
157.7
20.5
49.9
39.5
20.1
245.8

127.4
163.0
116.0
47.0
156.3
20.6
50.3
39.5
19.7
245.9

127.7
162.9
116.6
47.1
156.4
20.7
50.6
39.5
19.6
245.0

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

30.0
403.2
161.7
18.5
224.1
73.1
68.9
274.1
14.8
70.6

30.0
399.7
162.4
18.5
224.3
73.3
68.8
273.6
14.8
70.4

30.0
399.2
161.8
18.5
223.7
73.1
69.2
273.1
14.9
70.4

30.1
399.5
161.1
18.8
224.0
73.1
69.1
273.4
14.8
70.2

30.1
398.4
160.9
19.1
224.7
72.9
69.2
274.2
14.8
70.4

30.6
397.6
161.1
19.1
224.9
73.5
69.1
274.0
14.6
70.3

30.6
397.3
160.6
19.2
225.3
74.1
70.3
273.0
14.6
70.4

30.6
395.4
160.3
19.0
225.2
73.5
69.9
270.9
14.5
70.4

30.8
395.2
159.7
19.1
226.8
73.2
69.4
271.6
14.6
70.8

30.8
395.8
160.4
19.3
226.8
73.2
70.1
272.2
14.4
71.9

30.6
395.5
160.4
19.1
227.3
73.1
70.1
273.3
14.2
71.6

30.7
395.9
160.4
19.1
226.9
73.5
70.9
271.4
14.3
71.7

30.3
395.2
160.6
18.9
226.7
74.6
70.9
271.2
14.3
71.3

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

15.6
135.8
456.6
49.4
11.4
151.0
116.0
39.8
114.8
14.1

15.6
136.0
458.1
49.4
11.5
153.1
116.5
40.1
115.9
14.1

15.7
136.1
460.0
49.9
11.4
152.9
117.5
40.1
115.6
14.1

15.6
136.0
461.9
50.0
11.6
153.0
117.7
40.1
116.6
14.1

15.8
135.9
465.0
50.1
11.5
155.3
118.8
40.2
116.8
14.2

15.9
135.9
468.8
50.6
11.4
155.6
119.1
40.3
116.8
14.2

15.9
135.9
471.9
50.8
11.4
155.4
119.3
40.5
117.3
14.2

15.9
137.0
468.9
51.1
11.5
155.7
118.6
40.9
117.5
14.1

16.1
137.2
470.4
51.3
11.6
156.6
119.0
41.1
118.5
14.2

15.9
137.6
472.3
51.5
11.6
157.5
117.9
40.9
119.1
14.1

16.1
138.5
471.1
51.3
11.5
157.8
118.3
41.0
118.8
14.0

16.1
137.2
472.4
51.7
11.5
158.3
118.7
40.9
119.1
13.9

16.1
137.8
474.6
51.9
11.6
158.7
119.1
40.9
117.2
14.0

See footnotes at end of table.




57

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994

1995

State
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Wholesale and retail trade
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

391.2
53.1
408.5
231.8
2,828.0
426.0
336.7
78.5
52.7
1,502.6
812.4

394.3
53.1
412.9
234.3
2,822.1
429.2
336.3
79.1
52.9
1,505.0
815.9

394.7
53.6
415.3
235.4
2,823.1
429.6
336.8
79.1
52.5
1,511.9
817.8

395.9
53.7
416.1
236.4
2,823.6
431.6
336.9
79.1
52.7
1,516.5
821.9

397.2
53.7
420.2
237.5
2,822.0
433.1
337.6
78.8
52.9
1,523.9
825.4

397.3
54.0
422.8
239.1
2,826.1
435.6
336.2
78.6
53.1
1,528.4
829.4

400.9
54.2
425.3
239.3
2,831.9
436.7
335.3
78.7
53.1
1,536.8
834.2

402.5
54.1
420.6
240.3
2,818.0
444.9
332.9
79.0
53.1
1,532.9
838.6

402.6
54.0
421.5
240.8
2,823.7
444.6
333.7
78.8
53.4
1,540.9
847.6

402.6
53.7
423.5
240.3
2,828.5
445.1
334.7
78.8
53.4
1,546.2
845.2

402.1
53.7
427.3
243.3
2,826.1
443.6
336.9
78.9
53.9
1,551.9
847.8

402.5
53.8
427.4
243.2
2,832.2
442.1
337.3
79.9
54.0
1,556.8
849.6

402.2
54.5
428.6
243.5
2,834.9
442.6
336.0
80.2
53.5
1,560.5
855.1

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

132.1
117.1
1,279.6
645.2
329.2
282.6
378.0
397.0
134.0
513.1

132.3
117.2
1,277.3
646.7
335.7
282.6
380.8
399.8
136.6
515.3

132.9
117.6
1,276.0
648.0
334.8
283.9
382.1
402.3
137.0
515.4

133.5
118.0
1,279.1
650.0
335.0
284.6
383.2
405.4
136.6
516.1

133.3
118.8
1,287.6
653.7
333.0
285.5
384.5
407.9
135.4
518.2

135.0
119.8
1,293.8
660.0
333.9
285.8
385.8
410.9
135.4
518.6

135.6
119.5
1,298.3
664.4
335.6
286.4
386.9
415.1
136.2
521.8

135.3
119.8
1,299.8
663.6
332.0
287.0
382.2
411.2
136.7
516.6

134.7
120.0
1,297.7
665.0
332.3
288.4
384.6
414.6
137.5
515.8

134.4
120.5
1,299.5
664.7
333.7
288.1
387.9
413.9
137.6
517.8

134.0
120.2
1,295.9
663.7
335.9
288.9
389.7
414.7
137.9
519.8

134.6
120.5
1,291.8
661.8
335.5
288.2
390.6
414.4
137.8
518.6

134.6
121.7
1,294.5
660.9
335.8
288.5
391.6
415.3
138.4
518.2

664.6
971.7
559.5
219.5
586.1
92.2
197.8
143.8
134.4
835.1

671.1
970.7
560.2
219.3
587.6
93.4
200.8
144.6
135.7
835.6

674.9
969.8
560.9
219.8
587.1
93.9
198.2
145.8
134.4
837.9

676.6
972.5
561.8
219.5
593.2
94.3
199.3
146.4
135.6
840.7

677.6
971.1
563.9
218.7
598.7
94.4
201.4
146.6
135.5
844.3

677.4
978.1
565.5
220.2
600.9
94.4
201.9
148.0
136.0
846.6

674.3
979.7
566.9
220.4
604.3
95.0
202.3
148.9
135.5
850.2

675.6
985.2
568.6
221.6
605.3
94.7
201.2
150.1
136.8
846.2

676.6
991.2
570.7
220.0
609.8
95.1
203.1
150.2
136.7
852.2

678.6
992.7
570.9
217.8
611.4
95.0
202.8
151.1
136.5
852.9

678.7
993.0
573.2
218.7
615.0
94.9
203.6
151.5
137.1
854.3

675.4
992.4
573.0
218.3
616.0
95.5
203.1
152.2
137.5
855.0

673.8
998.2
573.8
218.4
613.5
94.7
203.8
152.8
137.5
855.1

155.5
1,578.7
760.8
76.6
1,226.1
299.5
341.5
1,167.4
95.0
365.2

156.4
1,579.5
767.9
76.8
1,228.6
301.8
343.0
1,165.6
94.4
367.2

156.7
1,583.4
769.6
77.2
1,228.7
302.2
344.3
1,169.3
95.2
367.8

157.8
1,584.1
771.3
77.1
1,229.0
302.3
344.4
1,169.4
95.0
368.5

159.1
1,585.8
773.3
77.1
1,231.5
304.2
346.2
1,174.7
97.0
369.3

160.2
1,585.1
775.6
77.6
1,232.1
306.7
350.1
1,175.0
97.0
370.7

160.5
1,585.1
778.5
77.8
1,232.2
308.1
350.0
1,177.9
97.3
372.3

161.0
1,592.0
777.0
77.5
1,236.2
306.5
352.4
1,176.3
96.7
370.6

162.0
1,587.8
779.0
77.5
1,240.9
306.6
353.2
1,174.4
96.7
371.0

162.8
1,587.5
781.0
78.1
1,240.7
304.6
355.2
1,171.3
97.1
373.2

163.0
1,589.1
780.8
78.9
1,244.7
305.5
354.1
1,173.8
96.9
374.2

162.4
1,589.9
782.0
78.8
1,245.2
306.5
354.8
1,170.4
96.4
373.5

164.4
1,591.5
784.0
79.0
1,241.8
307.7
356.7
1,172.6
96.6
375.8

84.2
563.1
1,874.2
205.1
62.9
674.7
563.1
154.1
567.7
49.9

85.2
566.7
1,879.3
206.8
62.6
676.9
563.8
153.8
570.9
50.2

84.8
567.7
1,887.8
207.9
62.8
679.3
567.0
154.8
570.7
50.5

84.9
569.2
1,893.4
209.1
62.9
683.1
569.4
156.0
574.2
50.7

86.0
572.0
1,896.6
210.2
63.2
688.4
574.2
157.6
575.6
50.9

86.3
574.8
1,902.8
211.5
63.1
689.3
576.7
158.0
579.6
50.9

86.6
579.0
1,914.2
212.4
63.3
692.0
578.9
158.8
581.7
51.1

87.2
579.6
1,903.5
212.4
63.4
695.5
578.2
158.9
582.2
51.4

87.8
582.6
1,911.9
212.9
63.2
693.7
579.9
156.3
583.0
51.3

87.3
585.8
1,927.1
212.7
64.1
695.5
580.6
156.9
581.6
51.0

86.8
586.9
1,944.0
214.8
63.9
697.5
582.5
158.1
582.1
51.0

87.0
588.9
1,944.9
215.5
64.2
697.9
585.1
158.7
582.7
50.9

87.5
592.2
1,949.0
217.1
64.1
699.5
586.6
159.1
583.6
50.7

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
See footnotes at end of table.

58




j

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1995

1994
State
June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

77.2
12.1
111.0
41.8
790.4
110.7
136.4
39.1
31.3
374.7
173.5

76.9
12.1
111.5
41.9
788.9
110.6
134.6
39.2
31.4
377.0
173.2

77.0
12.1
111.9
42.0
786.4
110.5
134.6
39.3
31.4
377.2
173.2

76.9
12.2
112.1
42.0
783.3
110.4
134.6
39.6
31.3
378.3
173.7

77.0
12.0
111.7
42.0
780.6
110.4
135.0
39.8
31.0
379.5
173.9

77.3
11.9
111.5
42.2
778.9
110.6
135.2
40.1
31.1
379.1
175.0

77.5
11.9
112.6
42.3
776.5
111.0
135.2
40.2
31.1
379.2
175.1

77.3
11.8
112.7
42.3
774.3
110.8
134.3
40.3
30.9
380.3
175.4

77.4
11.9
111.5
42.5
774.6
110.5
134.7
40.6
31.2
380.9
175.4

77.3
11.9
111.5
42.7
772.0
110.8
133.4
40.6
31.3
381.4
175.1

77.1
11.9
111.2
42.8
769.7
110.7
133.1
40.6
31.2
382.0
175.5

77.2
12.0
111.2
42.9
768.7
110.7
132.8
40.6
30.8
382.9
174.8

77.1
12.3
110.7
42.9
769.5
110.3
133.1
40.6
30.8
383.7
175.0

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

38.7
24.2
395.0
132.2
76.5
58.7
64.5
80.0
26.5
134.8

38.4
24.2
395.5
131.6
76.7
58.8
65.2
80.3
26.5
134.4

38.2
24.2
395.0
131.4
76.7
58.8
65.3
80.5
26.5
133.7

38.4
24.3
394.6
130.5
77.0
58.8
65.2
80.6
26.7
133.4

38.3
24.3
394.9
130.9
77.3
58.7
65.0
80.7
26.8
133.3

38.3
24.4
395.1
129.9
77.4
58.7
64.9
80.8
26.8
132.9

38.2
24.5
395.3
129.1
77.7
58.6
64.7
80.8
26.9
132.7

38.0
24.3
395.3
128.4
77.9
58.4
63.6
81.0
26.8
132.3

37.6
24.4
396.1
129.0
77.8
58.4
63.4
81.2
26.7
132.5

38.1
24.3
397.2
129.3
78.1
58.1
63.7
81.6
26.8
132.5

38.2
24.5
396.5
129.8
78.2
58.4
63.1
81.3
26.7
131.3

38.0
24.1
395.9
130.5
78.6
58.3
63.5
81.3
26.7
131.0

37.8
23.9
396.8
131.1
78.7
58.2
64.4
81.4
26.5
130.6

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

208.4
198.0
140.2
39.6
146.1
15.7
51.3
34.3
29.6
231.9

209.6
198.2
139.9
39.4
147.8
15.8
51.5
34.2
29.4
231.0

209.8
197.0
139.9
39.6
147.2
15.8
51.4
34.5
29.5
230.7

209.8
196.4
139.7
39.3
147.0
15.8
51.6
34.5
29.5
231.4

209.7
195.9
139.6
39.4
147.4
15.8
51.8
34.6
29.4
231.8

209.7
195.5
139.4
39.3
147.3
15.8
51.9
34.7
29.5
231.1

209.6
195.2
139.4
39.3
147.7
15.8
52.0
34.8
29.2
231.1

209.8
195.7
138.4
39.1
147.1
15.8
51.9
34.4
29.4
231.3

209.9
194.5
138.6
39.3
147.1
15.9
52.1
34.6
29.4
232.1

210.7
195.2
139.3
39.2
147.2
15.9
52.2
35.1
29.5
232.8

210.6
194.4
140.0
39.2
146.4
15.9
52.1
35.4
29.8
232.7

211.0
194.5
140.0
39.2
146.8
16.0
52.3
35.6
29.2
232.6

212.2
194.5
140.7
39.0
148.0
16.1
52.4
35.6
29.3
232.2

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

29.5
739.7
142.6
13.9
270.3
63.9
88.8
310.6
25.7
68.9

29.3
739.3
143.3
14.0
271.0
64.3
89.0
310.3
25.5
68.7

29.5
738.8
143.6
14.0
270.9
64.2
89.4
310.5
25.6
68.8

29.8
738.8
144.0
13.9
271.0
64.3
88.6
311.2
25.4
68.9

30.3
738.2
144.0
13.9
271.4
64.1
88.7
310.8
25.1
69.1

30.5
737.3
144.2
13.8
271.6
64.2
88.7
311.3
25.2
69.2

30.7
737.3
144.4
13.9
271.3
64.5
89.1
311.7
25.2
69.0

30.8
735.5
144.8
14.0
271.2
64.4
88.5
312.6
25.5
68.7

30.9
734.0
144.9
14.1
271.3
64.2
88.6
311.9
25.6
68.7

31.1
732.0
146.1
14.2
272.0
64.4
89.1
312.8
25.2
68.9

31.2
731.5
147.1
14.1
272.5
64.6
89.9
311.8
25.3
69.2

31.3
731.4
147.0
14.1
271.9
64.8
90.1
311.4
25.4
69.3

31.3
729.5
147.8
14.2
271.4
65.0
90.4
312.1
25.2
69.0

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

18.1
108.4
441.0
46.0
12.1
164.5
125.3
25.7
133.9
7.9

18.1
108.7
443.0
46.1
12.1
164.4
124.6
25.8
134.3
7.9

18.1
109.0
443.7
46.2
12.2
164.4
124.4
25.9
134.8
7.9

18.2
109.0
444.7
46.3
12.2
164.5
123.9
26.0
134.7
8.0

18.3
109.1
445.7
46.4
12.2
165.6
123.5
26.1
134.8
7.9

18.3
109.2
446.6
46.9
12.2
165.7
123.4
26.0
135.2
7.9

18.4
109.2
447.6
47.5
12.2
166.4
123.2
25.9
135.6
7.9

18.5
109.3
445.7
47.6
12.2
166.1
122.7
26.1
135.9
7.9

18.5
109.5
445.3
47.9
12.3
165.8
122.7
26.2
136.3
8.0

18.8
109.9
445.1
47.4
12.3
166.7
122.9
26.1
136.6
7.9

18.9
109.9
444.8
47.4
12.3
167.1
122.9
26.1
136.6
8.0

19.1
110.3
445.6
47.4
12.4
167.5
123.3
26.5
136.9
7.9

19.2
110.6
445.4
47.5
12.3
167.1
123.4
26.3
136.7
8.0

See footnotes at end of table.




59

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1995

1994
State
June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

374.4
57.8
477.8
227.6
3,549.9
504.5
449.8
91.2
260.4
1,923.4
773.2

374.1
58.2
481.9
229.7
3,555.0
508.7
450.5
92.0
259.9
1,936.7
779.6

375.1
58.7
485.3
230.4
3,564.1
508.5
452.4
92.4
261.0
1,943.7
785.6

376.3
59.2
485.4
231.8
3,575.8
508.8
453.5
92.3
261.7
1,954.0
792.1

376.4
59.4
488.5
233.0
3,577.9
509.0
456.2
91.3
262.6
1,960.1
797.2

376.7
59.3
489.5
233.1
3,588.2
509.0
456.0
92.3
261.2
1,967.4
809.0

377.3
59.4
493.8
232.5
3,594.0
513.0
456.4
92.3
261.5
1,975.0
814.2

376.5
59.0
495.6
233.3
3,595.3
517.8
452.7
91.6
260.1
1,987.4
814.6

376.9
59.2
499.5
234.0
3,624.2
518.4
453.2
92.8
259.4
1,995.5
818.2

377.2
59.4
502.1
236.3
3,631.4
520.0
453.5
92.9
260.6
2,000.7
825.1

378.9
59.3
501.5
237.2
3,633.7
519.5
456.4
92.9
260.3
2,010.7
827.0

379.7
59.8
501.9
237.2
3,638.1
521.0
457.0
92.7
261.2
2,022.4
829.5

382.9
59.7
501.0
237.7
3,642.6
521.9
457.0
93.2
263.3
2,036.6
834.2

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

163.6
102.7
1,512.9
609.3
327.8
276.5
378.6
442.1
140.5
670.7

163.9
103.6
1,526.2
612.5
329.7
278.1
381.6
448.4
141.9
672.6

163.3
104.3
1,526.4
610.9
329.9
279.0
382.0
449.4
142.6
671.7

164.0
104.4
1,530.4
612.3
329.4
279.9
384.4
452.1
142.7
674.1

164.9
104.8
1,534.8
618.2
330.1
282.0
381.9
456.5
142.9
673.9

164.8
104.8
1,537.4
618.8
330.8
282.4
381.8
461.2
143.2
673.7

165.0
105.7
1,539.6
621.7
331.7
282.9
381.9
463.2
143.6
673.6

165.1
106.5
1,544.2
617.7
332.7
282.1
380.3
466.4
146.1
676.1

165.2
106.9
1,550.3
624.2
333.5
282.9
381.8
469.4
147.0
675.6

165.0
107.2
1,555.4
623.8
336.5
283.9
383.0
470.6
147.9
679.6

165.2
106.1
1,553.2
623.5
339.4
285.3
385.2
474.0
147.6
681.1

164.9
105.6
1,546.3
619.4
340.6
286.0
387.2
476.3
147.6
681.9

164.7
106.8
1,545.2
621.0
343.6
287.4
388.2
474.7
148.0
682.6

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

969.4
1,069.8
636.2
225.2
663.7
91.3
202.1
327.5
144.2
1,041.4

976.9
1,078.8
638.4
227.2
669.7
92.7
202.0
328.1
146.2
1,043.2

981.8
1,083.1
639.1
225.0
670.5
92.7
203.5
332.8
146.4
1,047.1

987.1
1,086.1
640.3
222.4
672.3
93.1
203.5
334.9
146.0
1,049.3

989.3
1,089.3
643.3
221.2
675.8
93.4
203.9
335.5
146.4
1,049.1

992.3
1,090.9
645.3
220.2
677.1
93.5
204.3
336.3
147.1
1,049.6

996.0
1,095.1
646.6
221.8
679.2
93.6
205.3
337.5
146.9
1,052.5

987.7
1,098.0
644.9
216.3
674.0
94.2
207.2
337.5
146.0
1,053.5

994.4
1,102.3
649.1
219.4
681.4
94.7
208.4
340.5
146.9
1,057.2

995.7
1,102.5
652.1
218.3
684.5
94.9
209.4
342.4
147.4
1,060.0

1,000.3
1,108.4
654.7
218.5
683.1
96.6
209.6
343.7
145.9
1,065.3

999.4
1,116.1
655.3
218.3
680.9
97.7
210.2
343.8
145.4
1,069.2

999.0
1,107.7
659.2
215.7
682.6
97.6
210.3
345.7
144.7
1,072.1

175.4
2,458.1
727.6
80.2
1,327.3
316.3
345.0
1,561.6
137.5
344.7

176.8
2,467.5
728.7
81.0
1,328.8
317.3
347.9
1,566.8
137.2
347.2

177.3
2,470.4
730.2
81.0
1,330.6
318.4
349.8
1,570.3
137.9
348.2

179.5
2,473.7
733.1
81.4
1,332.6
319.6
351.2
1,570.8
137.1
348.8

181.7
2,476.8
735.8
82.0
1,339.2
324.6
353.6
1,573.6
136.4
346.9

182.5
2,478.7
737.8
82.5
1,342.6
327.2
354.5
1,575.4
136.5
349.3

182.7
2,482.5
739.3
83.1
1,347.4
329.9
356.5
1,573.7
136.6
349.9

184.0
2,487.0
740.3
82.7
1,348.8
327.3
354.7
1,573.0
136.5
348.2

184.2
2,495.3
739.2
83.2
1,356.6
327.5
356.1
1,582.9
136.3
350.3

185.5
2,505.4
742.7
83.1
1,363.0
325.7
360.6
1,582.0
136.9
351.9

186.4
2,514.7
744.4
83.6
1,361.2
327.2
361.6
1,576.2
137.5
352.6

186.3
2,520.1
745.5
83.3
1,361.8
328.7
365.2
1,570.7
137.8
353.8

186.7
2,525.3
745.1
83.1
1,359.3
329.0
367.1
1,574.6
138.4
356.9

86.7

87.1
605.7
2,022.6
226.1
76.5
830.0
598.9
174.4
617.8
45.2

87.2
604.6
2,033.0
228.3
76.6
835.8
602.4
175.0
622.9
45.2

87.7
607.7
2,030.6
230.0
76.5
838.1
604.9
175.5
623.1
45.2

88.1
609.6
2,029.4
229.9
77.5
845.4
610.1
177.2
622.5
45.7

88.5
611.5
2,031.5
231.3
77.1
850.1
613.4
177.1
623.4
45.6

88.9
613.8
2,039.5
232.6
77.5
851.8
615.7
177.8
625.4
45.8

89.3
615.8
2,033.4
233.8
76.1
855.6
613.3
177.3
626.3
46.1

89.8
619.0
2,052.3
235.3
76.6
856.3
615.7
177.4
628.0
46.4

89.6
622.8
2,073.6
235.4
77.3
859.1
618.4
177.7
631.5
46.2

89.0
628.1
2,086.2
237.5
78.3
863.1
621.5
177.9
632.1
46.3

88.8
629.5
2,093.3
240.0
77.9
864.7
621.8
178.6
633.9
45.7

89.2
627.0
2,113.0
241.3
77.7
868.6
623.6
178.7
637.5
45.9

Services
Alabama

Alaska

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

I

I

I
I

South Dakota
Tennessee

I

603.6

Texas

I

1,995.8
224.2
76.8
826.8
594.9
173.8
611.9
45.1

Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
See footnotes at end of table.

60




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)

State
June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

348.6
73.8
273.0
172.8
2,093.2
297.7
216.8
50.4
270.9
902.9
562.8

340.6
73.7
270.0
174.0
2,091.3
300.9
219.1
50.6
268.7
899.9
562.5

341.7
74.1
284.7
175.3
2,097.2
302.0
220.4
51.1
266.3
892.0
562.5

346.6
74.0
294.5
172.0
2,098.3
301.3
221.5
50.9
266.5
909.9
562.2

344.4
73.3
286.2
173.1
2,104.5
300.9
219.3
50.8
265.7
909.4
570.6

357.7
73.5
288.7
173.4
2,103.8
300.4
219.5
50.8
264.6
950.5
571.7

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

113.2
92.5
779.2
386.5
229.0
233.4
279.2
347.7
94.9
418.6

112.0
92.9
786.1
383.5
224.8
225.8
278.5
348.8
93.0
419.3

112.1
92.7
790.9
381.0
225.8
233.1
278.8
348.6
92.4
419.3

112.3
93.3
787.6
389.7
226.6
234.2
286.1
351.0
92.5
422.1

112.4
94.0
787.4
388.1
227.2
236.2
284.6
355.4
92.7
422.4

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

389.7
634.4
361.5
214.9
384.5
74.9
150.7
90.0
75.6
569.6

388.1
636.9
360.0
219.7
385.3
74.7
150.4
92.8
78.3
569.2

389.6
637.7
360.7
222.4
382.9
77.8
151.2
93.1
78.1
569.7

395.8
640.1
358.7
218.7
387.0
77.0
151.1
94.6
77.7
570.1

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

164.4
1,421.9
539.0
66.7
740.7
271.1
231.7
716.1
61.1
296.8

163.6
1,426.3
536.9
67.3
736.4
271.9
233.5
712.8
61.8
297.7

162.8
1,424.0
545.5
67.7
739.7
271.9
234.9
713.4
61.7
297.4

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

67.9
365.4
1,413.6
161.2
44.8
604.4
438.0
134.7
364.9
57.6

67.6
365.9
1,423.9
161.3
44.8
603.2
434.4
132.7
368.3
58.8

66.8
365.7
1,434.7
160.5
44.7
603.5
436.9
136.7
364.7
59.4

Apr.

May

344.7
73.9
292.4
174.4
2,103.7
303.2
215.6
51.1
260.1
926.1
573.2

345.3
74.1
294.1
174.9
2,103.7
302.4
214.3
50.9
258.7
920.7
575.8

344.4
74.4
296.7
175.8
2,104.61
302.3
210.7
51.1
256.0
924.7
574.1

112.0
94.8
789.0
392.5
226.7
237.5
287.2
357.61
92.3
420.5

111.6
95.0
787.5
393.1
226.9
238.1
288.1
359.7
92.3
418.5

111.5
94.9
789.1
392.3
227.5
233.8
286.8
359.8
92.2
419.3

111.7
94.5
789.8
389.2
227.5
238.5
288.2
359.9
92.2
418.7

396.0
638.5
363.6
220.3
388.2
76.7
150.7
94.4
77.3
569.9

394.5
644.5
362.8
221.7
393.0
76.7
150.9
95.0
77.4
571.8

393.2
642.7
364.1
222.7
394.9
77.1
150.5
95.7
77.3
571.6

393.6
645.4
364.7
222.6
395.1
76.0
151.2
96.1
78.8
572.2

394.0
645.3
363.6
223.4
396.4
76.2
148.2
95.6
78.8
571.4

165.2
1,408.7
551.5
67.1
743.8
272.2
237.8
720.6
61.7
295.0

165.1
1,406.8
551.7
66.9
740.9
268.8
237.8
721.6
61.9
295.4

165.7
1,405.8
553.3
67.0
742.5
268.8
238.3
719.3
62.0
295.8

165.9
1,398.3
555.2
67.2
745.4
268.8
239.0
718.0
61.4
296.0

164.6
1,397.4
555.9
67.3
742.4
268.4
239.2
717.5
62.1
296.7

164.9
1,386.9
555.4
67.1
741.8
268.6
238.9
715.8
61.4
298.3

67.2
371.6
1,436.9
161.9
45.6
602.5
443.9
135.6
363.9
57.8

67.3
369.6
1,436.1
162.0
45.3
601.3
443.9
135.2
367.5
58.1

67.5
371.8
1,438.9
162.3
45.3
604.1
444.3
135.1
362.5
57.8

67.6
372.3
1,439.2
163.6
45.2
602.8
443.0
136.1
362.9
58.2

67.6
371.8
1,442.4
164.8
45.3
601.0
444.2
136.6
364.2
58.4

67.7
372.3
1,444.4
164.1
44.7
598.8
444.8
136.5
363.5
58.3

Jan.

Feb.

343.6
73.1
287.8
173.6
2,103.5
301.8
219.6
50.9
263.9
913.3
571.3

343.7
73.8
289.7
173.9
2,102.5
300.6
215.9
50.8
260.8
910.9J
569.6

345.0
73.7
291.6
174.3
2,102.0
301.9
215.3
51.1
261.6
920.9
571.9

112.3
94.1
787.8
389.5
229.9
245.4
285.6
356.1
92.6
423.2

112.3
94.9
785.8
390.0
228.0
236.8
285.4
356.7
92.8
423.2

111.4
94.5
779.3
390.4
226.7
237.3
285.0
358.0
91.6
422.8

396.4
639.4
361.2
219.7
387.7
76.7
151.1
93.5
77.6
571.1

397.0
645.6
361.5
220.0
390.4
78.5
155.5
95.0
77.5
569.8

396.6
641.7
361.4
220.1
390.0
76.0
151.0
94.3
77.2
570.1

163.0
1,415.4
547.0
68.0
748.4
271.4
235.7
722.4
61.5
297.4

163.9
1,412.6
550.3
67.3
743.4
270.9
236.7
719.3
61.7
296.4

166.4
1,415.7
551.7
67.2
742.4
271.4
239.1
719.6
62.4
310.1

67.6
369.1
1,431.0
161.8
45.0
602.4
438.1
135.2
363.1
58.1

67.1
369.6
1,431.4
162.1
44.9
603.7
443.7
134.7
363.7
58.0

68.1
389.8
1,434.6
161.8
45.3
604.7
443.8
146.8
366.8
58.5

Government
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

Includes mining, not shown separately.
Mining is combined with construction.
= preliminary.




NOTE: All data have been adjusted to March 1994 benchmarks and incorporate
updated seasonal adjustment factors.

61

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1994

1995

Industry
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Total private

34.7

34.6

34.7

34.9

34.6

34.7

34.8

34.6

34.6

34.6

34.2

Goods-producing

41.4

41.4

41.4

41.4

41.4

41.5

41.6

41.4

41.3

40.7

40.6

45.4

44.6

44.9

44.8

44.9

44.7

44.9

44.9

44.6

44.7

44.3

Mining

2

2

2

Construction

(2)

()

(2)

()

(2)

(2)

()

(2)

()

()

(2)

Manufacturing
Overtime hours

42.0
4.7

42.0
4.7

42.1
4.8

42.1
4.7

42.1
4.8

42.1
4.8

42.2
4.9

42.1
4.8

42.0
4.7

41.5
4.5

41.4
4.4

Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

42.7
5.0
41.2
40.5
43.5
44.6
44.8
42.7
43.6
42.2
43.6
44.8
41.9
40.2

42.9
5.0
41.2
40.5
43.4
44.7
45.1
42.9
43.6
42.2
44.4
45.9
41.8
40.0

42.9
5.1
41.0
40.7
43.6
44.9
45.3
42.9
43.8
42.0
44.3
45.9
41.8
39.9

42.9
5.0
41.3
40.7
43.5
44.9
45.5
42.9
43.7
42.2
44.4
45.8
41.9
40.1

43.0
5.1
41.1
40.6
43.5
45.0
45.6
43.0
43.8
42.1
44.7
46.4
41.8
40.0

43.0
5.1
41.2
40.4
43.5
45.0
45.6
43.0
43.8
42.0
44.7
46.2
41.7
39.9

43.0
5.3
41.2
40.8
43.6
44.8
45.7
43.2
44.0
42.1
44.6
46.1
41.8
40.1

43.0
5.2
40.9
40.5
43.3
44.8
45.4
43.1
44.0
41.9
44.7
46.1
41.7
40.2

42.8
5.1
40.7
39.8
43.4
44.5
45.1
42.8
43.9
41.8
44.5
45.8
41.7
39.9

42.3
4.9
40.4
38.7
42.5
43.5
45.4
42.0
43.3
41.5
44.3
43.1
41.5
40.1

42.1
4.6
40.3
39.2
42.4
43.8
44.1
42.1
43.4
41.4
43.4
44.2
41.3
39.8

Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

41.1
4.3
41.6

40.9
4.2
41.3

41.0
4.3
41.4

41.0
4.3
41.3

41.0
4.3
41.5

41.1
4.3
41.5

(2)

41.0
4.3
41.3

40.9
4.2
41.3

(2)

(2)

40.4
4.0
40.7

40.4
4.0
41.0

(2)

41.0
4.4
41.5

(2)

(2)

41.7
37.6
44.2
38.6
43.3

41.6
37.6
44.1
38.6
43.2

41.6
37.6
43.9
38.6
43.2

41.8
37.7
44.0
38.7
43.4

41.5
37.6
43.9
38.6
43.4

41.6
37.7
44.0
38.7
43.2

41.8
37.5
44.0
38.5
43.3

41.9
37.7
43.9
38.5
43.4

(2)

41.0
37.0
43.0
38.2
43.4

40.4
36.9
42.9
38.4
43.2

(2)

41.8
37.6
43.7
38.4
43.4

(2)

(2)

42.3

42.2

42.3
38.6

42.3

42.3
38.7

42.3

42.3
38.0

42.3

42.0

41.2
38.1

41.6

38.0

38.6

38.4

38.4

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, Insurance, and real estate
Services

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

39.0

32.8
32.8

38.3
29.0

28.9

(2)

(2)
(2)

(2)

(2)
(2)

29.2

62




38.4

38.4

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components, which are small relative to the trend-cycle and

39.7

39.5

38.4

28.9

28.9

32.7

39.8
39.6

38.6

38.2

(2)

38.2

29.0
28.9

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Jul/

38.5
32.9

32.7

32.8
38.4

38.4

2

32.9

39.8
40.0

39.7

(2)

38.6

33.0

32.7

(2)

32.7

40.0
39.9

(2)

2

Junep

28.8

28.8

(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

32.4
39.8
39.1
38.3
37.9
29.1

(2)
(2)

28.7

(2)
(2)

irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1994 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1991 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1982 = 100)
1995

1994
Industry

Junep

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Total private

129.9

129.9

130.8

131.8

131.5

132.0

132.7

132.4

132.5

132.8

131.0

132.4

Goods-producing

109.2

109.5

110.0

110.3

110.9

111.4

112.0

111.7

111.7

109.9

108.9

109.9

55.2

54.1

54.8

54.3

54.6

54.3

54.7

54.7

54.5

54.3

53.8

54.4

Construction

137.4

137.3

139.1

138.5

140.3

142.0

143.9

142.1

143.8

140.0

136.9

142.2

Manufacturing

106.8

107.3

107.5

107.9

108.4

108.6

108.9

109.0

108.6

107.1

106.6

106.6

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

105.6
135.7
127.0
108.3
91.0
73.2
110.1
99.0
105.5
114.7
149.2
75.6
105.6

106.6
136.1
127.0
108.3
91.3
73.3
111.2
99.6
106.5
118.3
156.2
75.1
105.0

106.9
135.7
127.6
108.6
92.4
74.0
111.3
100.5
106.5
118.3
156.8
75.1
104.8

107.5
137.2
127.9
108.9
93.1
74.7
112.2
100.7
106.9
119.5
158.3
74.9
105.7

108.2
137.4
128.3
109.7
94.0
74.9
113.2
101.4
107.7
120.9
161.2
74.9
105.8

108.5
137.9
127.6
109.9
94.3
74.9
114.0
101.6
108.1
120.9
160.8
74.9
105.1

109.0
137.9
129.2
110.7
94.1
75.1
115.2
102.5
108.7
120.9
161.8
74.7
106.1

109.2
136.9
128.6
110.4
94.4
74.6
115.6
102.9
108.9
121.8
162.6
74.5
106.4

108.9
136.2
126.1
111.0
94.0
74.5
115.2
103.1
108.2
121.6
162.5
74.3
105.1

107.6
133.9
121.7
108.7
92.2
74.6
113.2
102.3
107.2
121.1
153.1
74.2
105.3

106.9
132.3
122.3
107.7
92.5
72.8
113.0
102.4
107.0
118.3
156.4
73.6
104.1

107.0
132.7
121.7
108.9
92.5
72.6
112.7
102.4
107.1
118.8
157.4
73.5
104.7

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

108.3
115.4
61.9
98.9
89.4
112.9
126.3
102.3
80.4
142.2
52.5

108.2
114.5
64.4
98.9
89.6
112.7
126.8
101.7
81.2
142.4
53.3

108.3
114.7
63.4
98.3
89.6
111.7
126.7
102.0
85.2
143.3
52.8

108.5
114.2
63.9
99.2
89.8
112.4
127.1
102.7
82.1
144.1
53.3

108.6
115.4
62.9
98.6
89.0
112.4
126.8
102.7
81.4
144.9
52.8

108.8
115.5
63.9
98.7
89.0
112.6
127.4
102.4
82.1
145.6
52.8

108.8
116.3
60.4
99.0
88.1
112.8
126.8
102.8
79.8
146.8
51.9

108.7
115.5
60.9
98.9
88.0
112.4
126.9
102.8
81.4
146.9
51.9

108.2
115.6
58.1
98.3
87.1
111.9
126.6
102.9
79.9
145.5
51.9

106.6
113.7
59.0
96.4
84.9
110.3
125.5
103.0
78.6
142.6
50.9

106.3
114.6
58.2
94.2
83.9
109.8
126.0
102.6
76.0
143.2
50.9

106.1
116.1
60.3
93.1
82.7
109.2
125.6
103.3
78.1
141.0
50.0

139.2

139.1

140.1

141.4

140.7

141.2

141.9

141.6

141.8

143.0

141.0

142.5

Transportation and public utilities

122.9

122.6

123.8

124.0

124.0

124.1

124.9

125.0

125.0

126.2

123.6

124.2

Wholesale trade

116.3

116.5

117.4

118.3

118.0

118.5

118.9

119.5

119.2

119.6

118.5

119.9

Retail trade

128.5

128.3

128.7

130.1

129.5

129.7

130.4

129.6

129.5

130.6

128.8

129.9

Finance, insurance, and real estate

125.0

124.0

124.2

126.5

124.0

124.2

125.3

124.0

124.0

126.7

122.8

124.7

Services

162.6

162.7

164.2

165.8

165.0

166.0

166.7

166.6

167.4

168.4

166.5

168.6

Mining

Service-producing

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.




July'

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1994 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1991 forward are
subject to revision.

63

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ALL-EMPLOYEE HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1

Percent change

Industry

Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities....
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
,
Finance, insurance, and real estate,
Services
Government




May 1995
to
June 1995r

June
1995r

July
1995>

213,331

215,302

215,991

2.0

.9

175,121

176,952

177,797

2.2

1.0

1,336
10.147
39,814
23,220
16,595
12,586
12,412
30,963
12,723
55,139

1,352
10,527
39,812
23,243
16,570
12,693
12,548
31,255
12,913
55,853

1,346
10,636
39,462
23,022
16,440
12,833
12,648
31,336
13,229
56,308

-4.0
4.6
-1.0
.0
-2.3
2.6
3.5
1.6
2.2
4.4

1.2
3.7
.0
.1
-.2
.8
1.1
.9
1.5
1.3

38,210

38,350

38,194

.9

1
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
p
s preliminary.
r
= revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers, nonsup-

64

Jury 1994
to
July 1995?

May
1995r

June 1995
to
Jury 1995p

-.4
1.0

-.9
-.9
-.8
1.1
.8
.3
2.4
.8

ervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2414, chapter
10, "Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors".
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202—606-5606).

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-11. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, seasonally adjusted
1995

1994
Industry
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Junep

Julyp

Average hourly earnings
Total private (in current dollars)

$11.13 $11.14 $11.18 $11.25 $11.24 $11.27 $11.29 $11.32 $11.34 $11.40 $11.37 $11.42

12.72

12.74

12.78

12.81

12.83

12.83

12.84

12.89

12.91

12.94

12.94

13.01

14.84
14.76
12.06
11.42

14.85
14.74
12.09
11.44

14.95
14.82
12.12
11.47

15.04
14.90
12.14
11.49

15.04
14.84
12.17
11.52

15.08
14.81
12.18
11.53

15.08
14.74
12.21
11.56

15.12
14.88
12.24
11.60

15.15
14.90
12.25
11.61

15.17
14.95
12.28
11.72

15.18
14.99
12.28
11.67

15.29
15.10
12.31
11.71

10.57

10.57

10.62

10.70

10.68

10.71

10.74

10.76

10.79

10.87

10.83

10.87

Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate ...
Services

13.84
12.06
7.50
11.82
11.06

13.87
12.05
7.51
11.811
11.06

13.88
12.08
7.53
11.90
11.11

13.99
12.22
7.56
12.05
11.20

14.02
12.15
7.56
11.99
11.17

14.01
12.20
7.60
12.01
11.21

14.03
12.23
7.59
12.06
11.26

14.00
12.24
7.60
12.09
11.28

14.05
12.27
7.61
12.16
11.30

14.15
12.41
7.63
12.28
11.39

14.13
12.31
7.65
12.19
11.34

14.18
12.37
7.67
12.32
11.37

Total private (in constant (1982) dollars)1
Goods-producing
Service-producing

7.39
8.45
7.02

7.37
8.43
7.00

7.38
8.44
7.01

7.42
8.45
7.06

7.40
8.45
7.03

7.40
8.43
7.04

7.39
8.41
7.03

7.39
8.42
7.03

7.38
8.40
7.02

7.40
8.40
7.05

7.36
8.38
7.01

7.39
8.42
7.03

Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime2
Service-producing

Average weekly earnings
Total private (in current dollars)

386.21 385.44 387.95 392.63 388.90 391.07 392.89 391.67 392.36 394.44 388.85 393.99

Goods-producing

526.61 527.44 529.09 530.33 531.16) 532.45 534.14 533.65 533.18 526.66 525.36 532.11

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

673.74 662.31 671.26 673.79 675.30 674.08 677.09 678.89 675.69 678.10 672.47 686.52

Service-producing

346.70 345.64 348.34 353.10 349.24 351.29 353.35 351.85 352.83 357.62 350.89 355.45

(5)

0

(5)

(5)

(5)

(5)

(5)

(5)

(5)

(5)

(5)

506.52 507.78 510.25 511.09 512.36 512.78 515.26 515.30 514.50 509.62 508.39 510.87

Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate ...
Services

552.22 550.64 555.20 559.60 558.00 554.80 558.39 555.80 554.98 563.17 552.48 557.27
461.90 460.31 463.87 471.69 466.56 468.48 469.63 470.02 468.71 475.30 466.55 472.53
217.50 217.04 217.62 220.75 218.48 219.64 220.11 218.88 219.17 222.03 219.56 221.66

Total private (in constant (1982) dollars)1
Goods-producing
Service-producing

256.45 255.09 256.24 258.99 256.02 256.94 257.30 255.83 255.44 255.96 251.85 254.84
349.67 349.07 349.46 349.82 349.68 349.84 349.80 348.56 347.12 341.77 340.26 344.18
230.21 228.75 230.08 232.92 229.91 230.81 231.40 229.82 229.71 232.07 227.26 229.92

(5)
(5)

(5)
(5)

(5)
(5)

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time
and one-half.
3
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series.




(5)
(5)

(5)
(5)

(5)
(5)

(5)
(5)

(5)
0

(5)
(5)

(5)
(5)

(5)
(5)

(5)
(5)

4

Not available.
These series are not computed because the average weekly hours'
components are not available on a seasonally adjusted basis.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1994 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1991 forward are subject to
revision.
5

65

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Total

Production workers1

All employees
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

114,961 114,004 116,858 117,568 116,411

Total private

95,789

Mining

95,923 97,220 98,230 98,195 78,307 78,399

79,473 80,387

605

607

580

586

588

430

433

423

428

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

49.3
8.9
14.4

49.7
9.0
14.6

51.2
9.0
15.5

52.5
9.3
15.7

52.8

39.9
7.4
11.9

40.1
7.5
12.0

41.5
7.5
12.7

42.4
7.8
12.7

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

113.2
105.9

113.0
105.6

106.7
99.5

106.3
99.0

106.5

91.3
85.3

91.4
85.3

85.9
80.1

85.5
79.5

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

335.4
163.3
167.1

336.2
163.0
168.2

315.7
149.0
159.9

318.9
150.4
161.6

320.0

217.1
80.3
133.8

219.3
80.8
135.5

213.7
79.9
130.3

217.6
81.5
132.4

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals

14
142
144
147

107.4
41.2
34.6
13.9

107.6
41.3
34.7
14.0

106.8
41.1
34.2
14.2

108.1
41.7
35.0
14.0

108.6

81.5
32.2

82.0
32.4

81.8
32.5

82.9
32.9

5,225

5,344

5,265

5,460

5,560

4,079

4,190

4,080

4,262

1,234.3 1,258.7 1,236.0 1,280.6 1,297.7
645.4
642.0
633.8
622.4
29.4
28.7
28.9
28.2
571.6
583.9
585.4 609.9

881.7
435.8
12.5
433.4

904.9
447.3
12.8
444.8

875.2
424.8
11.8
438.6

919.1
444.5
12.4
462.2

807.7

671.6
223.4
448.2

683.9
230.4
453.5

639.6
203.0
436.6

667.8
223.3
444.5

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

15
152
153
154

Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

16
161
162

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

Manufacturing
Durable goods

792.8
263.8
529.0

806.9
272.3
534.6

763.2
245.9
517.3

793.5
266.4
527.1

3,197.8 3,278.5 3,265.3 3,385.5 3,454.4 2,525.2 2,601.5 2,564.9 2,674.7
511.9
740.4
528.9
545.9
529.3
695.4
713.7
721.1
154.4
156.7
169.2
159.4
184.9
190.4
186.6 200.5
441.6
466.6
481.6
460.4
566.0
585.1
597.0 613.9
389.6
394.4
405.0
405.6
450.6
467.4
455.0 467.3
169.0
226.1
161.7
171.2
169.9
218.6
219.6
216.7
174.1
169.8
181.8
180.8
214.9
222.2
213.8 226.9
18,396

18,278

18,417

18,518

18,318

12,687

12,574

12,745

12,812

10,487

10,390

10,613 10,653

10,522

7,138

7,047

7,281

7,302

Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

762.8
82.9
190.9
152.0
37.0
276.4
112.6
75.4
24.5
29.6
50.3
72.9
55.1
89.4

768.1
85.9
190.4
152.0
36.4
278.1
113.0
76.4
24.2
29.6
49.8
74.1
55.9
89.8

752.8
76.8
186.4
146.9
37.5
271.6
110.4
75.9
25.0
29.0
50.8
76.1
58.9
91.1

763.7
82.1
187.5
148.2
37.3
274.1
111.0
76.5
25.0
29.3
51.2
76.9
59.4
91.9

762.7

632.0
68.1
165.9
131.8
32.5
223.2
88.7
60.7
21.3
26.4
43.0
58.8
46.4
73.0

635.3
70.6
165.0
131.5
31.8
224.3
89.2
61.1
20.9
26.4
42.4
59.5
46.9
73.5

618.9
61.5
161.5
126.9
32.9
217.6
86.0
61.0
21.5
25.7
43.2
61.0
49.4
74.1

628.5
66.4
162.2
128.1
32.5
219.7
86.5
61.4
21.5
25.9
43.7
61.7
49.8
74.8

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515

504.7
284.8
127.5
91.4
22.5
30.5

497.2
277.4
123.5
90.0
21.3
30.2

500.5
279.9
123.6
90.6
23.1
30.7

499.5
277.2
123.7
89.7
21.0
30.7

486.8

399.8
238.4
109.3
76.9
18.4
23.2

391.7
230.9
105.0
75.6
17.3
23.1

396.2
233.9
105.3
76.3
18.9
23.6

395.1
230.9
105.4
75.6
16.8
23.5

See footnotes at end of table.

66




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures—Continued
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

252
253
254
259

62.2
40.3
80.6
36.8

63.0
38.3
81.4
37.1

62.0
39.7
82.1
36.8

62.7
40.3
82.7
36.6

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

543.5
15.0
77.5
33.9
43.6
60.7
18.5
32.5
40.8
207.1
18.0
67.1
105.0
77.1
20.3
3.2
23.4

542.6
14.7
76.6
33.1
43.5
59.5
18.4
32.8
40.8
208.9
18.1
67.8
105.9
76.9
20.0
3.1
23.4

547.3
15.1
75.4
31.3
44.1
62.2
17.8
32.9
42.1
207.9
17.6
68.5
104.7
79.4
20.2
3.0
23.9

555.3
14.9
75.8
31.6
44.2
63.2
18.4
33.0
42.3
213.0
18.1
70.0
107.6
80.1
20.6
3.0
24.3

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

700.5
239.3
172.3
27.0
125.8
79.4
5.4
25.9
40.6
22.8
167.0
23.7
23.3
73.3
84.6
24.7

695.1
240.0
172.8
27.0
122.3
75.8
5.4
26.0
40.7
22.8
165.8
23.7
23.1
72.6
82.8
24.0

717.3
239.8
171.5
27.2
131.8
82.7
5.5
27.5
40.9
22.8
170.1
24.1
23.0
76.0
89.9
26.4

718.6
241.2
172.5
27.4
131.4
82.9
5.6
27.5
41.2
22.9
169.9
24.2
22.9
75.9
89.8
26.8

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469

July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

45.3
32.0
59.1
25.0

45.8
30.0
59.9
25.1

45.6
31.7
60.4
24.6

46.5
32.2
61.0
24.5

549.8

422.2
11.7
64.4
30.5
33.9
45.9
14.2
25.4
32.4
159.2
11.6
50.3
83.8
58.7
15.8
2.6

420.6
11.3
63.1
29.5
33.6
44.6
14.2
25.6
32.5
160.5
11.7
50.9
84.3
58.9
15.7
2.6

424.2
11.9
63.2
28.0
35.2
47.7
13.5
25.4
33.9
158.6
11.2
51.2
82.8
59.6
15.0
2.5

430.8
11.8
63.6
28.3
35.3
48.7
14.0
25.4
33.9
162.9
11.5
52.5
85.4
60.0
15.2
2.5

706.7
240.7

538.4
181.7
131.5
20.1
102.2
65.1
4.2
20.9
30.5
17.8
124.3
18.3
16.3
54.4
68.1
20.0

532.4
182.2
132.0
20.1
98.8
61.9
4.1
20.9
30.7
17.8
122.5
18.2
16.2
53.1
66.6
19.4

556.7
183.4
131.8
20.4
107.2
68.5
4.3
22.5
31.1
17.9
128.6
18.7
16.6
57.3
73.5
21.7

559.0
185.0
132.9
20.5
107.7
68.7
4.3
22.6
31.4
18.0
128.5
18.7
16.6
57.4
73.3
21.9

1,394.2 1,378.2 1,437.2 1,440.9 1,419.8 1,042.6| 1,026.6 1,080.1 ,082.7
42.0
36.6
35.9
36.1
42.0
42.4
42.8
36.3
33.8
30.2
29.4
29.6
33.9
34.5|
34.8
29.9
96.7
99.5 100.0
132.7
130.4 128.7 131.9
98.4
45.5
46.0
33.8
34.9
45.1
44.0
34.8
35.2
73.9
74.2
54.6
56.1
73.1
72.6
55.3
56.3
42.7
43.1
59.4
59.2
60.1
59.3
42.8
42.4
18.6
16.6
25.0
23.7
25.0
24.7
18.9
17.4
20.7
21.1
13.8
13.7
20.3
20.8
13.3
14.1
410.7 413.8 426.4 429.1
296.7 299.5 310.1
312.5
72.0
72.5
50.2
68.6
69.2
49.6
52.2
52.7
57.5
76.8
77.0
76.1
77.2
56.3
57.1
57.3
67.7
101.0
97.8
97.0 100.9
68.3
72.0
72.0
107.9
79.2
102.8 104.4 107.3
77.9
81.4
81.9
19.4
27.2
27.4
28.0
28.8
19.2
20.0
20.9
73.7
99.7 100.0
96.1
94.9
74.4
78.6
78.7
51.5
38.9
48.8
48.0
39.4
42.2
42.3
51.7
48.2
34.8
47.3
46.9
48.3
35.0
36.4
36.4
235.7 223.6 247.4 245.9
188.6
176.5
198.7 197.1
31.5
30.1
29.4
31.4
23.2
22.6
24.4
24.4
97.9
107.5
113.1
90.7
81.1
95.31 93.4
111.2
85.1
86.9
91.0
91.6
66.7
64.8
70.2
70.6

See footnotes at end of table.




67

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products
industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves

Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
See footnotes at end of table.

68




1987
SIC
Code

347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571
3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634

Production workers1

All employees
June
1994

124.4
76.4
48.0
54.0
30.6
241.1
24.6
56.4

July
1994

123.0
75.1
47.9
53.3
30.1
238.9
24.2
56.2

May
1995

128.4
78.1
50.3
50.9
28.1
250.4
25.7
58.1

June

129.3
78.9
50.4
51.0
28.1
251.6
26.0
58.3

July
1995p

June
1994

97.7
59.6
38.1
30.0
14.2
177.7
18.2
43.3

July
1994

96.2
58.4
37.8

29.51
13.8
175.2
17.9
43.1

May
1995

100.9
61.3
39.6
28.3
12.7
185.0
19.3
44.4

June
1995p

101.7
61.9

39.81
28.3
12.7
185.9
19.6
44.6

1,999.2 1,978.8 2,040.1 2,050.1 2*035.0 1,238.4 1,223.4 1,284.3 1,286.8
56.0
54.1
57.2
87.8
90.7
86.3
88.0
55.5
16.8
16.7
28.2
28.6
27.5
28.8
15.7
16.4
39.2
40.5
59.6
62.1
58.8
59.2
38.4
39.1
75.9
78.5
75.0
78.7
106.3
103.1
106.9
103.5
55.9'
56.1
56.3
78.1
56.61
78.4
78.5
77.7
129.1
142.0
134.2
140.6
218.1
215.2
205.5
214.0
46.6
53.8
51.9
78.6
77.6
71.3
80.3
53.2
9.0
9.7
9.0
16.5
16.4
15.4
15.5
9.7
24.5
24.3
24.6
35.7
35.2
36.8
37.1
24.1
20.6
23.2
20.6
40.5
39.4
37.4
37.0
22.9
18.6
20.7
18.5
30.3
30.2
28.0
27.7
20.6i
226.7
243.9
227.6
342.5
322.7
340.0
322.0
242.5
23.2
24.9
23.2
40.4
37.7
40.0
37.7
24.6
10.5
11.9
10.4
18.2
16.4
17.8
16.5
11.6
115.0
122.2
116.1
160.6
152.7
160.2
151.6
122.3
34.6
37.3
34.3
53.0
49.4
52.5
49.5
37.01
16.4
17.8
16.6
25.6
24.3
25.4
24.5
17.7
89.1
95.91
89.3
167.0
95.4
165.0
154.6
153.8
9.8
10.4
9.9
15.6
15.5
15.1
15.2
10.3
11.3
11.8
11.4
22.3
22.2
21.5
21.5
11.9
14.7
15.7
14.7
25.4
25.0
24.0
23.8
15.5
154.5
154.0
163.1
254.2
251.8
242.6
242.3
161.6
16.9
16.6
17.5
30.9
30.6
30.3
30.4
17.3
29.4
29.2
30.1
38.0
37.7
36.9
37.1
29.8
14.7
14.9
15.6
27.0
27.1
27.0
26.9
15.6
21.7
21.8
22.9
34.1
33.7
32.4
32.1
22.7
10.6
10.4
11.5
16.4
16.0
15.2
15.2
11.2
13.6
13.3
14.6
21.4
21.2
20.1
20.3
14.5
123.2
116.6
123.2
338.8
336.2
354.5
356.6
115.2
338.3
57.9
53.7
58.3
189.2
187.7
202.5
204.4
53.1
55.6
192.6
131.0
320.2
22.1
254.6

55.8
188.4
127.7
319.7
22.2
254.0

56.5
201.8
138.3
335.4
23.2
267.2

56.8
203.2
138.8
336.9
23.0
268.4

21.8
137.0
97.9
236.9
18.3
192.8

1,575.7 1,564.4 1,616.9 1,626.0 1,618.8 1,014.1
82.8
57.9
81.3
82.5
81.8
41.6
30.2
39.9
41.5
41.1
41.2
27.7
41.4
41.0
40.7
157.5
111.1
156.0
161.0
160.5
78.2
61.0
77.6
79.9
79.4
60.2
36.1
59.3
61.8
60.9
126.1
103.3
123.2
123.1
124.6
31.8
28.2
32.8
30.3
30.3
17.7
14.8
17.6
18.2
18.4
29.3
23.0
28.1
29.6
29.3

21.3
133.0
94.4
236.4
18.4
192.3

20.1
145.0
105.0
249.8
18.6
203.8

20.1
145.4
104.9
250.8
18.4
204.6

,000.7 1,042.4 1,043.9
57.9
57.6
57.5
30.3
30.1
29.6
27.6
27.5
27.9
113.5
113.2
109.5
62.1
62.6
60.3
37.0
36.3
35.2
100.2
101.8
100.5
26.4
26.5
29.2
15.5
15.8
14.9
22.8
22.4
21.8

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Durable goods—-Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

Production workers1

All employees
June
1994

176.5
21.4
61.3
19.7
20.9I
87.8
62.0
243.1
108.7
545.0
24.8
222.2
131.8
156.9
25.8
69.7

July
1994

173.8
20.9
61.3
19.3
20.4
89.0
62.8
243.1
109.4
545.4
24.7
224.2
131.3
152.6
24.6
66.5

May
1995

182.3
23.6
64.5
19.7
20.8
91.9
62.0
249.2J
109.9
573.0
24.6
235.6
136.7
153.6
25.5
68.0

June
1995p

183.1
24.0
64.5
19.5
20.5
91.9
62.8
251.3
110.9
580.0
24.7
239.8
137.9
153.1
26.0
66.9

July
1995p

582.9

June
1994

128.1
16.8
41.1
14.7
15.6
58.4
39.4
123.8
59.5
321.2
16.4
96.4
86.3
110.3
20.01
54.2

July
1994

124.0
15.5
40.9
14.4
14.9
59.2
39.8
123.0
59.2
321.3
16.3
97.4
85.8
105.7
18.9
50.7

May
1995

131.7
18.0
43.1
14.9
15.9
62.0
39.0
123.5
58.6
343.2
16.3
103.9
91.3
109.4
19.8
53.6

June
1995p

131.9
18.1
43.2
14.6
15.7
62.2
39.8
123.7
58.8
345.6
16.3
104.9
92.0
108.9
20.2
52.5

1,752.2 1,720.0 1,764.8 1,758.9 1,716.7 1,149.0 1,120.7 1,184.7 1,179.0
738.9
740.7
676.7
878.4 942.5 940.5
696.7
899.9
909.9
268.0
270.2
233.9
244.2
358.9
355.6
338.8 326.3
33.9
33.5
31.6
31.7
41.3
39.4
41.9
39.4
392.6
392.4
459.7
377.0 368.4
487.3 487.8
467.5
29.7
29.2
26.3
35.5
27.1
36.1
32.5
33.4
208.5
209.6
450.7
473.4
448.5 440.0 220.9 216.9
479.4
98.2
99.2
106.8
248.0
108.2
271.1 268.8 250.3
43.9
44.0
88.4
44.9
88.6
46.1
92.0
94.1
66.4
66.4
65.2
111.9
66.6
112.0
112.6
114.2
125.2
127.0
124.0
124.5
163.7
160.6
162.9
160.3
78.0
78.6
79.1
79.9
106.1
107.4
106.3
107.4
47.2
48.4
44.9
44.6
57.6
53.2
56.6
52.9
29.1
29.3
26.5
26.2
38.6
35.6
38.5
35.3
28.3
28.5
29.9
30.6
99.0
105.8
98.7
107.3
18.7
18.7
19.0
19.3
70.7
74.8
70.8
75.5
35.7
36.1
33.9
35.8
51.0
48.9
50.4
50.9
17.4
18.4
22.1
21.5
17.8
21.1
17.8
21.5

Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

864.3
179.2
284.3
43.8
62.1
71.3
266.1
101.9
97.5
38.0
88.3
8.4

858.3
175.7
284.4
43.9
61.8
71.3
264.6
101.9
96.1
37.4
88.0
8.2

843.9
164.6
287.9
44.5
62.7
71.1
260.7
100.2
94.7J
35.9
86.7
8.1

845.8
164.0
288.7
44.8
63.0
70.2
262.3
100.8
95.1
36.2
86.9
7.7

840.7

423.8
54.9
145.8
28.7
29.8
33.5
153.1
61.8
61.7
25.0
38.2
6.8

419.7
53.9
145.1
28.7
29.3
33.1
151.4
61.3
60.7
24.5
38.1
6.7

416.3
50.0
148.7
29.2
31.2
33.0
149.2
60.5
59.6
23.3
38.6
6.5

417.6
49.4
149.1
29.4
31.3
32.4
150.7
61.7
59.7
23.4
38.8
6.2

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

390.1
50.5
37.6
13.5
114.3
43.1
71.2
33.1
28.8
17.3
149.9
61.4

387.6
49.3
36.8
13.1
114.2
42.5
71.7
32.8
28.1
16.9
150.1
62.1

392.1
50.0
37.2
14.0
118.1
44.0
74.1
32.8
26.3
15.2
150.9
62.7

394.4
50.2
37.3
14.1
118.3
44.6
73.7
33.0
26.1
15.0
152.7
63.7

384.9

277.6
35.4
26.2
10.9
81.1
28.7
52.4
22.3
21.4
12.7
106.5]
41.1

275.4
34.1
25.5
10.6
80.9
27.9
53.0
22.1
20.5
12.0
107.2
41.9

277.3
34.6
25.6
11.2
83.9
29.3
54.6
21.8
18.4
10.3
107.4
41.71

278.6
34.6
25.7
11.4
83.9
29.8
54.1
21.8
18.2
10.2
108.7
42.61

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

*..

See footnotes at end of table.




69

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

20
201
2011
2013
2015

202
2022
2026

203
2032
2033
2037

204
2041
2048

205
2051

Production workers1

All employees
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995 p

July
1995 p

_
-

59.3
91.5

58.5
92.1

58.7
92.9

5.3
4.9
6.8

4.4
4.8
7.4

5.1
4.6
8.2

5.0
4.6
7.6

209

47.6
32.1
181.0
37.7
97.9
189.2

47.4
32.3
181.2
37.5
98.4
192.9

48.1
33.3
178.9
36.2
97.6
180.4

49.0
34.0
182.0
36.9
99.4
185.2

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

38.9
29.9

38.2
29.7

36.2
27.3

36.5
27.6

35.7

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
,
Carpets and rugs
Yam and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225

677.3
80.8
68.4
18.2
23.3
200.6
25.9
40.8
58.6
24.7
28.2
73.0
32.8
25.1
64.3
96.1
74.6
14.5
52.6

669.0
80.2
67.2
18.0
22.8
197.4
25.8
40.4
58.0
23.2
27.9
70.8
31.7
24.2
64.9
95.4
74.3
14.2
52.3

663.5
79.3
66.8
17.7
23.6
194.6
24.1
40.8
55.4
23.7
27.8
71.9
31.9
24.9
64.8
93.7
71.8
14.8
61.1

662.7
79.8
66.9
17.5
23.7
194.6
24.1
40.5
55.5
23.7
27.6
72.3
31.9
25.1
64.3
92.4
70.8
14.6
51.2

646.6

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
232

982.1
39.9
263.7
61.8
82.0
42.9
296.3
31.4
49.3
34.6
181.0

949.8
37.3
260.6
59.2
80.3
41.2
283.6
29.6
45.6
32.3
176.1

934.5
36.1
256.8
58 4
79.9
40.1
276.5
27.4
44.4
32.4
172.3

930.0
35.9
256.6
58.0
80.5
40.0
273.1
27.2
44.3
32.7
168.9

890.9

See footnotes at end of table.

70




206
2061
2062
2063
2064

207
208
2082
2086

2251
2252
2253
2254
2257

226
2261
2262

227
228
2261
2282

229

2321
2325
2326

233
2331
2335
2337
2339

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995 p

July
1995 p

7,909 7,888 7,804 7,865 7,796 5,549 5,527 5,464 5,510
5,443
1,680.4 1,718.0 1,647.8 1,694.2 1,723.1 1,226.8 1,263.5 1,202.6 1,242.2 1,269.0
383.0 383.0 390.3 397.6
450.0 450.5 459.4 467.7
119.3
117.7
115.2
141.6
140.0
115.0
135.9
136.1
69.3
93.2
91.2
90.4
90.4
72.1
70.5
69.5
206.2
198.5 202.1
198.5
223.5 224.2 228.2 232.9
97.1
97.4
96.9
151.7
99.3
153.6
150.3
151.5
32.8
31.7
32.5
40.3
39.9
39.8
32.6
39.1
35.6
34.7
34.8
65.5
64.8
65.3
65.9
35.3
200.9 235.9
178.6 201.0
243.0 279.0 218.5 242.3
17.6
19.5
16.1
15.9
18.1
19.8
21.8
21.1
94.1
60.2
63.4
74.4
58.5
50.1
72.2
109.3
_
46.7
55.4
46.8
48.5
40.3
47.6
54.0
53.2
88.2
89.8
90.7
124.8 125.5
127.6
87.8
126.6
12.2
12.2
13.2
13.2
18.8
18.7
19.6
19.6
26.3
26.4
26.7
42.4
42.1
42.4
26.2
42.2
140.4
139.7
139.2
138.6
211.0
213.6 212.3 210.1
94.0
93.1
92.4
92.9
152.3
151.6
153.0
154.0
59.6
92.4

2052,3

June
1994

-

_
-

46.8
70.1

46.2
69.6

46.1
70.9

46.4
71.5

4.1
3.5
5.6

3.3
3.4
6.1

3.9
3.4
7.0

3.8
3.4
6.4

37.1
21.2
85.6
24.8
38.2
138.7

37.1
21.4
85.8
24.9
38.7
142.0

38.0
22.2
84.6
24.1
38.9
131.9

38.8
22.2
85.5
24.5
39.3
136.5

29.2
23.1

28.8
23.2

26.6
20.4

26.9
20.6

26.4

576.5
72.0
58.0
15.5
19.6
173.5
22.6
36.4
50.5
21.7
23.9
60.0
27.4
20.0
51.2
85.7
67.2
12.5
41.0

567.1
70.6
56.9
15.3
19.1
170.1
22.5
36.0
49.9
20.2
23.5
58.0
26.4
19.2
51.7
84.9
66.8
12.2
40.5

561.1
69.9
56.1
15.2
19.7
167.0
20.9
35.9
47.2
20.8
23.3
58.7
26.2
19.9
51.9
83.1
64.6
12.7
39.5

560.2
70.3
56.2
15.0
19.8
167.1
20.9
35.7
47.4
20.8
23.2
59.0
26.2
20.0
51.4
81.8
63.5
12.5
39.6

544.6

820.9
33.3
231.8
53.1
71.2
37.4
245.8
25.4
39.2
28.0
153.2

791.3
30.7
224.5
50.5
69.5
35.9
234.2
23.8
35.9
25.8
148.7

778.2
29.6
220.3
49.8
69.3
35.0
229.8
21.6
35.8
25.4
147.0

771.9
29.3
219.8
49.2
69.7
35.0
225.4
21.6
35.8
25.7
142.3

732.2

_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

50.61

June
1995p

234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

51.9
40.0
11.9
45.2
19.2
41.4
216.9
20.8
56.3
55.6

51.2
39.4
11.8
44.8
19.7
39.4
211.1
20.0
55.1
53.4

38.2
12.4
41.8
17.9
39.2
213.3
19.5
54.9
56.2

50.5
38.1
12.4
42.5
18.2
39.6
211.8
19.4
54.1
55.5

Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

26
262
263
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

696.7
171.2
51.3
213.4
125.0
16.7
48.1
248.1
47.1
40.2
23.8

695.7
171.3
50.8
212.9
125.2
16.8
47.4
248.0
47.3
39.9
23.4

687.5
165.1
50.6
214.0
127.7
16.0
47.6
245.2
46.8
40.2
24.0

695.0
167.4
51.3
215.5
128.4
16.0
48.0
248.2
47.5
40.3
24.0

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

43.0
34.5
8.5
38.3
16.3
33.7
176.8
16.5
47.6
45.1

42.5
34.1
8.4
37.7
16.5
31.8
171.7
16.0
46.9
43.0

41.8
33.1
8.7
35.2
15.1
31.9
173.3
15.7
46.3
45.3

691.8

528.7
132.0
39.4
166.7
94.2
14.8
39.1
180.9
23.0
30.2
18.5

527.5
131.4
39.2
166.5
94.4
14.9
38.6
180.7
23.0
29.9
18.1

522.5
127.4
38.9
166.7
96.1
14.1
38.7
179.8
24.5
30.0
18.8

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

1,540.6 1,541.9 1,555.4 1,560.8 1,553.3
451.1 450.7 452.0 454.5
135.9) 135.9
134.9
137.0
120.3
123.3
120.2
123.9
84.3
84.8
83.9
85.1
36.0
38.5
36.3
38.8
84.2
82.7
84.4
83.9
549.1
562.5
548.8
560.8
357.2 356.9
364.7
362.6
171.1
176.2
170.8
176.5
45.61
44.5
45.1
44.5
70.9
72.2
71.7
71.1
56.6|
56.5
56.4
56.5

846.8
154.9
44.6
64.6
35.5
29.1
40.1
397.5
256.9
123.7
32.3
54.7
41.1

845.6
154.6
44.3
63.9
34.7
29.2
40.1
397.1
256.3
123.7
32.0
55.5
40.9

850.2
155.9
43.8
67.0
35.8
31.2
39.7
403.4
259.7
126.3
31.4
54.9
40.2

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

1,068.2 1,065.3 1,046.3 1,051.5 1,044.6
132.7
132.8
128.7
129.3
85.1
81.1
85.2
80.8
163.3
158.4
159.6
162.2
77.8
76.4
77.4
77.8
49.7
52.6
51.7
49.61
264.9 264.1 260.1 260.3
215.3 214.3
211.0
210.4
155.1
155.6
151.0
152.4
43.5
43.3
42.0
42.1
42.3
42.7
42.5
42.5
69.3
69.6
66.5
67.8
58.6
58.7
58.4
59.1
144.2
144.7
142.2
143.3
26.4
26.1
26.1
26.3
115.0
115.8
113.5
114.4
55.4
54.5
54.1
53.6
94.0
92.7
93.4
93.9

583.6
56.4
36.5
109.7
50.1
37.4
122.6
102.0
97.0
25.3
25.1
46.6
30.9
79.5
15.2
62.2
31.8
55.7

579.6
56.6
36.8
108.2
49.9
36.4
121.4
101.1
97.1
25.1
25.5
46.5
30.9
79.6
14.9
62.6
30.9
54.9

581.1
57.3
37.2
106.3
48.8
36.3
126.2
107.5
92.4
23.4
24.8
44.2
30.7
80.3
15.1
63.3
32.1
55.8

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

150.9
108.3
29.9

151.51
108.6|
30.1

146.1
104.6
28.6

147.6
105.3
29.3

147.3

98.9
69.6
22.7

99.3
69.7
22.9

95.4
66.8
21.8

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

959.4
81.5
11.7
63.7
25.3
108.5
694.0

948.9
80.2
11.0
63.8
25.3
107.0
686.9

977.3
82.7
9.4
66.9
26.1
110.2
708.1

978.0
83.3
9.7
66.8
25.8
110.2
708.0

959.1

746.8
59.0
9.7
48.7
19.9
83.2
546.2

737.4
58.3
9.1
48.8
19.8
82.0
539.21

760.4
60.2
7.5
51.4
20.4
85.4
555.9

June
1995p

See footnotes at end of table.




71

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

1987
SIC
Code

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation

Production workers1

All employees
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

114.6
15.4
58.3
27.4
19.9
11.1
12.7

109.9
14.3
55.7
27.6
17.9
10.8
12.5

109.4
15.0
55.1
26.3
18.6
11.2
11.7

109.1
14.8
55.1
26.3
18.7
10.9
12.0

103.5

6,048

6,025

6,182

6,231

3,809

3,780

3,918

80.1

6,196

5,071

5,041

5,169

5,212

5,178

3,948

3,912

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

377.5
182.3

321.9
182.3

419.8
198.7

405.7
202.9

934.2
420.0
161.2
179.5
142.3

934.5
420.4
161.1
179.2
142.6

906.7
406.7
153.9
170.1
145.3

913.7
409.6
154.8
170.7
147.1

914.3

-

738.9
327.4
125.6
138.6
122.8

739.3
328.2
125.3
138.2
123.0

711.9
315.3
119.9
129.3
124.1

719.1
318.1
120.9
129.9
126.0

6,174

6,180

6,308

6,364

6,377

4,986

4,993

5,106

5,161

5,173

3,559
472.5
119.8
280.3
140.8
64.1
76.7

3,566
476.3
120.9
282.2
141.4
64.6
76.8

3,660
493.0
128.0
288.2
149.0
67.3
81.7

3,691
497.2
128.7
290.6
149.7
68.0
81.7

3,697

2,847
383.4

2,856
387.0

2,941
400.5

2,971
405.2

-

-

-

-

_
-

240.9
214.3

241.6

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity and rural bus transportation
School buses

41
411
412
413
415

411.0
200.4
30.9
24.2
123.8

355.5
200.7
31.1
23.3
71.0

455.3
218.4
33.2
23.3
147.0

441.9
223.1
33.4
23.3
128.6

384.8

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air...
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

Water transportation
Water transportation of freight, nee
Water transportation services

44
444
449

47
472
4724
473

Communications and public utilities
Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting stations
Television broadcasting stations
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
4813
483
4832
4833
484

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Motor vehicle supplies and new parts
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
See footnotes at end of table.

72




50
501
5012
5013
502
5021
5023

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

241.2
214.6

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

July
1995p

85.6
12.4
44.8
20.5
15.4
8.3
7.9

243.1
215.7

46

June
1995p

85.6
12.5
44.7
20.5
15.3
8.5
7.6

243.3
215.9

Pipelines, except natural gas

May
1995

86.8
11.8
45.5
21.6
14.9
8.1
8.5

40
4011

45
451
4512
458

July
1994

91.2
12.7
48.1
21.4
16.9
8.4
8.6

-

Railroad transportation
Class I railroads2

Transportation by air
Air transportation, scheduled
Air transportation, scheduled
Airports, flying fields, and services

June
1994

-

-

-

-

-

21.8

20.8

21.2

21.3

-

-

-

-

1,823.6 1,836.7 1,860.3 1,894.0 1,905.8 1,584.8 1,597.0 1,614.2 1,647.7
1,682.8 1,694.2 1,710.3 1,742.1
- 1,466.8 1,477.1 1,489.0 1,520.8
122.3
120.6
136.3
138.1
115.9
144.9
114.0
146.7
175.2
12.9
113.4

180.3
12.8
118.4

163.7
13.1
108.6

164.1
12.9
109.3

166.8

-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

97.1

101.0

105.9

_
-

-

_
-

96.5

747.1
607.1
490.1
103.8

750.9
609.9
490.6
104.8

757.4
605.3
474.0
111.1

764.2
609.7
476.7
112.5

769.6

-

_
-

17.9

17.8

16.7

17.0

16.6

13.9

13.9

13.2

13.8

391.2
198.1
158.3
155.3

395.2
199.3
159.5
158.4

423.5
202.0
161.8
181.5

425.9
201.7
161.2
183.6

426.5

-

309.1
158.2
125.4
120.0

312.4
159.5
126.5
122.4

338.6
164.7
131.4
140.8

340.2
164.5
130.9
142.3

2,239

2,245

2,264

2,283

2,284

-

-

-

-

„

1,305.2 1,310.0 1,357.2 1,368.9 1,369.5 1,003.0 1,007.6 1,046.4 1,056.0
708.6
701.2
904.7 908.5
941.0 950.8
673.6 677.0
631.4 636.9
824.9
616.9
613.1
828.6 846.6 854.2
206.7
196.7 205.4
245.2 246.2
195.4
233.9
234.8
117.7
114.9
118.4
114.9
127.5
119.0
119.9
127.8
132.3
131.2
144.1
122.6
155.1
121.7
156.1
145.2
-

-

111.0

111.9

119.4

119.9

-

-

-

-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Lumber and other construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Professional and commercial equipment
Office equipment
Computers, peripherals and software
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, television and radio sets
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Construction and mining machinery
Farm and garden machinery
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Stationery and office supplies
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wine and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
Farm supplies

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

May
1995

June
1995p

191.8

198.1

200.5

618.2

616.1

633.6

639.3

135.6
108.6
361.5

136.2
108.6
362.0

141.1
112.3
374.3

142.7
112.7
376.0

225.1

227.3

232.0

235.0

599.6

602.6

609.9

615.2

250.0

248.6

261.0

267.6

2,139
205.0

2,137
205.6

2,165
214.3

2,190
215.5

162.7
163.6
736.2

163.0
164.3
736.6

161.9
164.6
733.1

162.5
167.2
746.7

89.7
108.1
132.3

89.0
107.1
132.2

88.1
105.8
134.6

88.6
106.7
136.6

124.2

125.2

124.0

126.5

417.3

414.2

438.2

439.7

20,981

18,148

18,125

18,255

18,454

878.2

728.8
435.3
51.6
134.4
82.6

724.7
439.0
51.7
134.0
74.9

738.0
432.3
51.6
136.0
90.0

746.1
440.9
52.6
138.0
85.6

230.8
120.9
36.7
772.3
187.6
282.3
165.5
134.9
463.1
198.2
50.2
214.7
279.0
97.8
111.2
757.0
77.4
119.1
302.2
144.0
308.6
115.2

233.2
121.5
37.4
769.7
186.3
279.2
166.7
134.7
462.9
197.7
50.1
215.1
280.8
98.1
112.0
759.6
78.0
119.3
303.6
144.7
307.6
115.3

239.8
124.8
38.0
785.8
192.9
280.3
171.7
139.8
475.1
206.7
49.7
218.7
287.4
100.6
114.1
768.7
80.2
117.7
310.2
145.4
321.5
124.1

242.9
126.1
38.7
792.6
193.1
282.5
174.2
140.3
476.7
208.2
49.8
218.7
290.9
102.3
114.8
773.5
80.4
119.4
312.6
146.1
327.5
126.6

51
511
5112
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
515
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191

2,615
250.1
138.0
198.0
208.4
877.3
277.6
60.1
108.4
110.3
142.6
163.5
66.2
97.3
152.4
100.0
52.4
511.9
162.8

2,614
250.3
137.8
198.8
209.3
877.6
278.7
60.7
103.8
109.5
141.9
163.1
66.2
96.9
153.4
100.8
52.6
509.7
160.7

2,648
261.0
143.2
196.1
210.5
876.6
280.8
60.8
98.3
108.4
139.6
165.2
67.0
98.2
152.8
99.9
52.9
537.4
171.2

2,673
262.1
142.9
197.1
212.4
890.1
284.0
61.4
103.6
109.1
140.2
166.5
67.2
99.3
155.7
102.3
53.4
539.4
171.3

2,680

20,596 20,582 20,774 20,986
888.7
516.4
67.4
167.2
102.2

868.1
509.4
66.4
162.0
99.2

July
1994

189.4

503
5031
5039
504
5044
5045
5047
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5082
5083
5084
5085
509
5093

Retail trade

June
1994

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores

52
521
523
525
526

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

2,469.1 2,485.6 2,443.5 2,466.0 2,474.5 2,304.0 2,318.6 2,271.6 2,295.0
2,142.1 2,160.6 2,131.4 2,153.5 2,163.4 2,014.9 2,031.9 1,998.6 2,022.7
139.7
140.3
135.6
134.9
124.1
123.5
118.5
118.7
185.3
186.7
176.9
177.2
165.0
163.2
154.5
153.6

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat and fish markets
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
542
545
546

3,309.4 3,313.8 3,333.0 3,376.0 3,384.2 3,012.3 3,017.0 3,031.1 3,072.9
2,951.9 2,955.5 2,965.5 2,999.5
2,702.9 2,707.7 2,717.1 2,749.9
45.9
45.9
47.8
48.7
14.0
16.3
16.9
14.9
182.4
175.7
175.5
183.7
155.6
155.0
160.4
161.8

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers

55
551

2,140.4 2,151.7 2,209.8 2,227.9 2,236.6 1,788.2 1,797.5 1,840.0 1,854.6
966.1
973.3 997.5 1,001.0 1,005.1 807.7 813.5
832.3 835.0

864.5
513.3
66.7
161.9
91.2

879.8
506.7
66.7
164.9
106.9

See footnotes at end of table.




73

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Automotive dealers and service stations—Continued
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

1987
SIC
Code

553
554
559

Production workers1

All employees
June
1994

361.6
641.2
7.7

July
1994

366.4
640.0
7.7

May
1995

383.6
642.8
7.2

June
1995p

July
1995p

390.5
647.4
7.3

1,121.1 1,125.3 1,071.9 1,084.9 1,083.2
86.4
87.6
83.4
83.6
340.1 338.5
336.7 337.9
317.1 319.7
288.9 294.3
203.4 204.4
199.1
202.8

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

289.7
552.7
6.6

293.7
552.4
6.5

305.1
553.6
6.1

310.7
556.8
6.2

916.3
70.6
274.1
271.8
158.4

919.1
69.3
272.7
272.1
161.0

869.9
66.8
270.9
247.0
154.5

880.1
66.8
271.6
251.6
157.9

709.9
380.1

716.9
383.7

751.7
402.6

755.4
403.9

62.8
267.0
115.9
57.7

63.1
270.1
119.3
56.3

62.0
287.1
125.4
56.4

61.9
289.61
126.6
56.7

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores

57
571
5712
572
573
5731
5735

Eating and drinking places

58

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods
Nonstore retailers
Catalog and mail-order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Florists, tobacco stores, and newsstands
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee

59
2,524.0 2,523.5 2,581.5 2,573.0 2,573.1 2,094.9 2,089.5 2,145.4 2,137.8|
505.5
505.3
599.5
500.4 499.0
591
598.7 606.8 606.9
112.0
111.1
112.3
592
113.2
80.6
77.4
82.1
77.0
593
92.4
96.4
98.1
93.0
744.6
724.1
727.4 741.7
594
871.3
896.2 897.8
877.6
5941
169.8
170.8
172.9
168.9
106.7
101.9
98.5
5942
97.8
77.1
5943
77.3
73.6
74.3
135.8
5944
134.0
132.1
132.3
203.7 209.7
204.7 208.8
5947
58.4
58.4
58.8
5949
58.6
299.2
596
297.7 294.7 294.3
249.7
250.5
251.6
249.6
172.1
171.6
175.1
5961
173.9
70.6
70.1
70.7
5962
70.2
96.3
96.8
96.4
79.3
598
94.4
79.1
79.2
77.5
453.2
384.8
367.0 397.9
599
448.9 480.0 466.8
371.8
165.3
145.4
138.3
5992,3,4
134.9
51.9
51.7
63.8
64.1
64.3
51.4
51.1
5995
64.0
207.9
201.6 201.5
257.3
250.6
5999
250.0 250.9
202.8

Finance, insurance, and real estate3
Finance

874.7
467.8
281.8
77.6
329.3
140.0
73.3

884.9
472.0
283.9
78.0
334.9
143.6
73.9

934.8
498.4
300.0
76.5
359.9
152.4
78.4

938.3
500.5
299.6
76.6
361.2
154.0
77.5

938.6

7,289.5 7,232.6 7,320.0 7,431.4 7,412.6 6,593.6| 6,542.1 6,607.0 6,712.2

7,017

7,036

6,926

7,006

7,032

3,352

3,358

3,301

3,327

3,337

60
602
6022
6021,9
603
6035
6036
606

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers

61
614
615
616

508.1
134.2
86.7
266.6

503.6
135.1
86.7
261.0

477.2
140.4
89.4
223.9

481.8
141.9
90.1
225.9

485.4

Security and commodity brokers
Security brokers and dealers
Commodity contracts brokers, dealers, and
exchanges
Security and commodity services

62
621

523.8
398.9

528.2
403.3

527.3
401.3

531.8
404.5

532.9

622,3
628

24.1
100.8

24.4
100.5

25.4
100.6

26.0
101.3

Holding and other investment offices
Holding offices

67
671

232.2
104.5

232.8
104.5

243.0
107.7

243.9
108.2

74




5,141

5,050

5,123

2,088.0 2,093.1 2,053.6 2,069.1 2,073.8 1,509.8 1,515.1 1,476.8 1,488.5
1,500.5 1,506.0 1,489.3 1,502.4 1,507.1 1,069.6 1,074.6 1,055.8 1,065.5
610.1 618.0
608.6 613.4
441.7 438.7 444.3
437.6
617.1
891.9 892.6 879.2 884.4
632.9
621.2
632.0
309.9
284.5
285.1 284.4
311.8
162.3
151.0
151.2
163.2
147.6
133.5
133.9
148.6
150.9
155.0
156.2
150.5
124.8
123.4
120.0
119.6

Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee
Savings institutions
Federal savings institutions
Savings institutions, except federal
Credit unions

See footnotes at end of table.

5,122

376.1
97.7

371.5
98.7

344.4
103.0

348.7
104.2

66.7

66.6

66.6

67.2

229.6|

245.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Insurance

1987
SIC
Code

63,64

Production workers1

All employees
June
1994
2,248

July
1994

2,249

May
1995

2,238

June
1995p

2,249

July
1995p

May
1995

June
1995p

1,559.2 1,558.6 1,534.2 1,540.7 1,543.5 1,099.4 1,099.0 1,096.8 1,103.2
380.4 378.9
379.3
379.2
580.8 580.4 566.8 566.7
239.7 240.3
253.0
254.7
295.1 295.8 308.5 310.0
193.3
205.0
207.1
193.5
232.9 233.3 246.2 248.3
365.1 367.1
364.8
368.4
545.0 546.0 536.1 539.6
61.0
73.7
60.2
76.0

63
631
632
6324
633
636

Insurance agents, brokers, and service

64

688.6

690.8

703.4

708.3

707.6

65
651
653
655

1,417
591.4
668.6
120.9

1,429
596.1
676.1
120.5

1,387
574.4
665.2
117.7

1,430
590.8
687.3
122.0

1,444

31,728 31,871 32,768 33,079

Services

July
1994

2,251

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
Title insurance

Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

June
1994

33,143 27,784 27,902
536.7
130.2
366.5

28,645 28,935
553.4
137.6
375.2

Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services

07
074
078

Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels and motels

70
701

1,715.4 1,746.4 1,629.9 1,720.6 1,752.6
1,646.1 1,664.8 1,579.2 1,651.7
1,457.2 1,473.3 1,388.6 1,453.6

Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
Miscellaneous personal services

72
721
722
723
726
729

1,105.1 1,094.2 1,123.5 1,114.6 1,102.1
429.3
433.5
424.7 423.5
75.2
74.5
71.8
72.9
384.3 383.2 385.1 384.6
89.1
89.5
88.9
89.0
128.1
115.9
109.3
116.4

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Prepackaged software
Computer integrated systems design
Data processing and preparation
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
Photofinishing laboratories

73
731
7311
732
733
7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359
736
7361
7363
737
7371
7372
7373
7374
7375
7378
738
7381
7382
7384

6,256.0
223.2
151.0
116.9
252.4
62.3
865.7
83.5
782.2
220.6
33.5
39.8
147.3
2,267.1
252.7
2,014.4
942.9
206.7
152.9
115.3
208.9
47.6
43.0
1,367.2
501.7
43.6
70.1

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops

75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538

631.9
156.1
427.1

977.2
176.4
111.2
63.2
545.5
190.6
227.0

630.2
157.7
423.2

6,305.0
224.9
152.6
116.8
252.6
62.7
866.2
83.6
782.6
221.7
33.7
40.3
147.7
2,294.5
252.3
2,042.2
949.5
207.2
154.8
116.1
210.4
48.2
42.6
1,378.8
506.8
44.3
69.4

629.6
159.1
422.9

6,554.3
237.8
162.7
118.7
274.8
67.7
870.7
83.2
787.5
231.0
37.4
42.9
150.7
2,366.0
272.0
2,094.0
1,034.6
232.0
168.1
123.6
231.4
53.6
41.8
1,420.7
521.3
47.6
67.6

653.3
163.9
439.8

6,632.4
240.9
164.7
119.7
275.8
67.9
881.1
85.1
796.0
235.6
37.9]
44.1
153.6|
2,393.7
275.4
2,118.3
1,044.1
236.1
172.0
125.0
229.8
54.7
41.6
1,441.5
524.6
48.3
68.6

653.6

535.5
131.7
363.3

530.6
133.5
358.5

376.0

374.8

379.2

383.4

343.7

342.4

345.2

345.0

96.6

90.1

109.2

96.9

6,645.4 5,584.3 5,630.3 5,827.0 5,903.2
163.7
175.6
172.6
164.3

879.8

50.8
777.7
66.2
711.5
177.4
26.5
33.7
117.2

51.3
778.6
66.3
712.3
178.2
26.6
34.4
117.2

55.5
780.6
66.4
714.2
186.4
29.4
36.6
120.4

55.4
789.8
68.0
721.8
191.3
30.1
37.9
123.3

2,395.1
2,120.5 1,960.3 1,987.4 2,030.6 2,054.9
1,050.9
764.4
770.4
832.7 840.3
174.4
195.2
174.3
198.7

979.2 1,018.9 1,030.4 1,036.4
177.9
186.3
189.6
112.6
118.4
120.7
62.5
64.5
65.6
546.3 566.5
572.0
189.0
196.6 200.9
228.1 234.8 236.9

86.4

87.6

92.9

94.1

36.1
41.1
36.7
41.7
35.6]
35.7
34.6
34.5
1,199.5 1,211.1 1,243.8 1,267.0
469.3
473.3
485.1 487.2
37.4
38.1
40.3
41.2
805.8
144.3
92.0
55.8
441.7
156.5
183.9

808.8
145.7
93.4
55.0
443.8
156.3
185.2

842.0
153.4
99.0
57.2
458.5
164.3
188.6

850.7
156.4
101.3
58.2
462.4
165.7
190.1

See footnotes at end of table.




75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking—Continued
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes

1987
SIC
Code

All employees
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

Production workers'

June
1995p

754
7542

192.1
110.2

192.5
109.1

201.6
112.8

203.2
113.9

Miscellaneous repair services.
Electrical repair shops

76
762

335.3
105.7

337.8
106.9

340.8
107.6

343.2
109.1

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services.
Motion picture theaters
Video tape rental

78
781
783
784

464.1
184.5
122.1
138.2

474.6
191.3
124.3
139.5

592.1
311.6
118.3
140.7

596.7
307.2
128.4
139.7

Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services.
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

79
793
799
7991
7997

Health services
, 80
801
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
802
Offices and clinics of dentists
804
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners
Offices and clinics of chiropractors and optometrists ... 8041,2
805
Nursing and personal care facilities
8051
Skilled nursing care facilities
8052
Intermediate care facilities
8059
Nursing and personal care, nee
806
Hospitals
8062
General medical and surgical hospitals
8063
Psychiatric hospitals
8069
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
807
Medical and dental laboratories
808
Home health care services

July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

164.0
97.0

164.3
95.7

172.9
99.7

173.7
100.2

344.8

271.3

273.2

276.9

279.5

607.2

386.2
151.3

395.8
157.9

491.8
259.1

499.1
257.2

113.7

114.5

115.1

114.2

1,537.5 1,571.9 1,548.6 1,718.9 1,753.5 1,362.4 1,392.0 1,363.1 1,522.3
64.9
73.8
71.2
77.6
70.1
62.5
68.7
61.6
1,030.7 1,076.0 1,020.1 1,186.2
1,156.4 1,204.6 1,160.9 1,335.9
123.1
137.3
159.6
161.1
123.3
142.1
137.2
143.4
337.3
371.6
444.3
353.0
326.0
394.7
379.3 395.7
9,017.5
1,542.1
576.7
381.0
156.5
1,652.7
1,225.8
206.2
220.7
3,779.6
3,473.1
100.1
206.4
192.0
557.9

9,046.3
1,548.4
575.6
380.4
156.5
1,659.6
1,230.7
206.5
222.4
3,790.1
3,483.6
99.5
207.0
193.5
561.0

9,214.0
1,578.4
595.1
406.2
165.5
1,677.8
1,245.2
208.9
223.7
3,802.5
3,499.9
97.3
205.3
198.6
603.4

9,277.8
1,590.1
600.8
410.5
167.2
1,691.6
1,254.6
210.7
226.3
3,821.9
3,519.3
97.6
205.0
200.0
608.7

939.6

941.4

924.5

944.9

9,301.8 7,997.6 8,012.3 8,160.0 8,221.0
1,594.0 1,261.8 1,264.8 1,285.6 1,296.8
524.7
504.61 502.5
519.8
339.4J
314.8
334.8
313.5
1,697.6 1,491.4 1,496.8 1,512.5 1,526.9
185.2

185.0

187.8

189.8

3,831.5 3,459.2 3,463.6 3,478.2 3,496.0

609.8

516.0

518.3

558.8

563.61

943.8

754.7

756.3

738.4

756.4

Legal services .

81

Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools .
Colleges and universities
Vocational schools

82
821
822
824

1,654.4 1,587.0 1,909.2 1,712.4 1,631.1
533.8
571.7 548.7
506.7
907.0
863.0 1,107.9 932.4
79.7
77.9
74.2
73.4

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee

83
832
833
835
836
839

2,176.2 2,188.2 2,288.8 2,264.1 2,250.8 1,884.1 1,899.7 1,982.2 1,958.2|
591.5
597.2 612.0 612.9
532.5
513.0
519.0
531.7
309.7 337.5
309.4 318.1
270.9
262.9
289.4 263.0
508.7 476.4
488.4 457.4
540.7
447.5
431.4 401.5
477.9
604.7 608.7 632.2 640.1 641.0
526.1
529.8
549.1
557.1
187.4
184.3
181.9
194.5
150.2
150.7
160.0
160.5

Museums and botanical and zoological gardens .

84

Membership organizations
Business associations
Professional organizations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations .

86
861
862
863
864

2,091.7 2,120.6 2,057.5 2,093.0 2,127.3
105.1
105.8
101.4
100.3
54.2
53.5
55.0
54.7
143.7
135.4
137.6
137.4
437.0
468.7
417.1 449.6

Engineering and management services ...
Engineering and architectural services ..
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .

87
871
8711
8712
8713
872

2,569.8 2,590.4 2,680.1 2,716.2 2,730.0 1,980.5 1,997.6 2,055.2 2,092.5
790.0
782.9
798.5 810.0 815.4
656.7
668.6
645.7 652.3
612.7
607.9
619.9 628.1
515.5
524.01
506.0
510.9
124.6
123.0
126.7
128.4
98.5
100.1
96.1
97.1
52.7
52.0
51.9
53.5
42.7
44.5
43.6
44.3
505.3
502.3
520.5
516.5
367.1
368.4 378.8
376.6

See footnotes at end of table.

76




85.3

86.5

84.2

88.6

90.5

38.5

38.1

38.8

39.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Engineering and management services—Continued
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services
Services, nee

1987
SIC
Code

873
8731
8732
8733
874
8741
8742
8743
89

Government

June
1994

Federal Government

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

573.2
229.8
115.8
141.6
721.9
249.6
239.7
32.6

568.3
219.8
123.7
137.7
792.8
280.6
267.1
34.1

578.0
221.5
127.1
140.8
811.7
285.2
276.9
35.4

40.6

40.9

41.0

41.6

41.4

18,081 19,638

19,338

18,216

2,848

2,848

839.4

841.4

2,885
4

July
1994

569.9
229.1
116.5
138.9
714.7
249.7
237.6
32.4

19,172
4

Production workers1

All employees

2,882

2,831

814.2

Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial

2,819.4 2,818.0 2,768.9
835.8
833.8
786.5
810.7
813.6
835.4
1,172.9 1,170.6 1,147.0
37.8
36.8
34.2
27.6
27.6
28.0

Federal Government, except Postal Service

2,074.1 2,068.8 1,999.4 2,008.7 2,006.7

Federal Government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Ship building and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

437.0
167.6|
92.5
108.1
530.7
178.1
177.3
23.0

440.2
168.5
92.4
110.1
536.7
177.7
180.2
22.8

436.8
159.7
100.1
107.0
582.9
196.9
200.2
22.8

446.4
161.2
103.7
109.8
600.9
201.7
208.3
23.7

32.2

32.5

32.6

33.2

July
1995p

;

3731

806

76.2
41.5

74.9
40.7

68.0
35.2

67.1
34.5

23.9
385.1
233

23.7
386.3
233

21.2
376.4
229

21.3
378.6
233

806
State government
82
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions
State government, except education

4,407.0 4,339.0 4,665.0 4,456.0 4,368.0)
407.0 405.7) 391.4
391.5
1,687.3 1,593.11 1,968.4 1,729.9 1,627.8

Local government
806
Transportation and public utilities
82
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions
Local government, except education

|l 1,880.0(10,860.0112,142.0
1,142. |l 2,,034.0 [11,000.0
462.7 462.2 454.9
460.0
678.8 683.2
687.6
676.5
6,515.9 5,376.9 6,969.7 6,642.0 5,481.8

1,800.9 1,820.3 1,802.7 1,825.1
2,720
2,745
2,726
2,696

2,740

3,765.7 3,852.3) 3,615.1 3,790.7
5,364.5 5,483.2 5,172.5 5,391.5 5,517.8

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to
civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and




June
1994

the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1994 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1994 forward are subject to
revision.

77

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-13. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Apr.
1994

May
1994

Mar.
1995

Apr.
1995

54,836

55,162

55,898

56,142

44,201

44,472

45,075

45,316

6,542

6,581

6,630

6,634

85

85

81

81

536

546

568

575

5,921

5,950

5,981

5,978

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,735
121
152
104
95
302
429
656
350
355
173

2,748
122
154
104
97
304
431
658
351
354
173

2,797
126
158
104
101
316
437
676
357
346
177

2,800
127
157
105
101
316
438
675
358
346
176

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,186
521
13
319
742
166
685
333
24
321
63

3,202
527
12
319
747
166
686
335
24
323
63

3,184
529
12
313
714
164
701
332
24
334
61

3,178
528
11
314
710
164
700
332
24
333
61

48,294

48,581

49,268

49,508

Transportation and public utilities

1,740

1,761

1,820

1,826

Wholesale trade

1,860

1,873

1,911

1,918

10,571

10,730

10,623

10,736

4,374

4,380

4,358

4,359

Services

19,114

19,147

19,733

19,843

Government
Federal
State
Local

10,635
1,198
2,343
7,094

10,690
1,198
2,318
7,174

10,823
1,182
2,384
7,257

10,826
1,182
2,388
7,256

Industry

Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1994 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are

78




introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1994 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

1,762.6
429.7
163.0
205.6
147.5
70.0

1,776.1
434.7
162.7
208.9
148.8
72.5

1,781.7
436.2
162.9
211.0
149.0
71.4

271.4
123.2

263.6
121.8

273.2
124.7

10.7
3.2

Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson

1,654.4
1,119.9
289.0

1,761.5
1,198.6
302.6

1,735.6
1,183.3
294.5

12.2
4.9
2.7

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,039.5
124.0
91.5
282.4
34.6

1,075.1
130.2
90.4
290.5
35.2

1,076.0
130.8
90.7
291.1
35.1

(1) 1.0
(1)

12,195.1
171.9
258.7
3,706.6
120.8
874.9
1,133.0
743.7
566.8
108.6
956.9
903.8
796.0
145.0
147.5
155.4
141.8
233.0

12,257.7
170.5
259.9
3,738.3
120.4
877.1
1,131.7
760.5
567.9
105.9
952.2
905.7
793.0
144.6
150.3
157.1
143.2
232.7

12,312.8
172.4
260.7
3,736.1
121.5
877.8
1,137.3
757.3
569.9
106.8
959.9
909.2
798.5
144.3
151.2
157.3
144.3
234.1

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,764.7
142.4
949.1

1,784.8
147.5
965.3

1,803.7
147.9
972.3

Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
New London-Norwich
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury

1,560.3
179.5
84.4
587.7
239.7
131.4
188.9
82.0

1,548.1
179.1
83.6
585.1
239.2
129.3
185.8
82.3

1,558.8
179.7
83.5
585.5
240.3
131.6
188.3
83.1

Delaware
Dover
Wilmington-Newark

362.3
49.1
279.9

361.6
49.4
280.0

363.7
49.7
278.0

District of Columbia
Washington PMSA

664.9
2,404.8

644.5
2,404.4

645.8
2,416.7

.1
.7

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ....
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton

5,798.0
141.5
563.2
138.9
103.2
457.6
159.0
168.8
909.4
686.9
142.2
203.5
135.6
958.5
385.0

6,011.5
146.6
588.3
143.0
110.5
474.3
165.0
174.0
926.7
726.1
144.5
214.3
142.0
995.9
400.3

6,004.6
147.0
589.0
142.8
108.0
473.2
165.8
173.0
923.9
728.2
144.8
214.5
139.8
997.4
398.1

(2) .2
(22)
(2)
( ) 3.5
(2) .4
(2)
<2*)
()
(2) .4

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage

California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

June
1995P

June
1994
10.8
3.0

V)
V)

(1) 2.5

3.6

0

32.4
10.9
.6
6.8

June
1994

June
1995*

May
1995

2.7

84.9
22.2
5.9
16.2
7.8
4.4

86.8
22.7
6.1
16.7
7.9
4.4

9.4
3.0

9.8
2.9

13.6
7.1

12.9
6.6

14.4
7.5

12.9
5.1
2.9

12.9
5.1
3.0

109.3
74.9
19.2

112.8
78.5
18.8

113.8
79.0
19.0

3.4

42.9
5.1
3.6
13.1
.8

44.9
5.5
3.4
13.0
.7

46.2
5.7
3.4
13.3
.7

470.9
8.9
13.6
104.5
6.5
39.6
47.3
39.8
27.5
3.7
40.3
26.6
26.6
5.0
7.6
6.5
8.4
10.1

486.5
8.6
13.1
111.0
6.6
40.0
47.5
42.0
25.6
4.2
41.2
26.5
27.6
4.9
7.9
5.9
8.9
10.2

498.6
8.8
13.2
111.5
6.7
40.7
48.8
43.2
26.1
4.2
41.8
27.3
28.9
4.9
8.0
6.2
9.3
10.1

101.0
6.1
51.6

97.2
6.3
50.4

101.2
6.7
51.6

.7

51.7
5.2
3.1
20.1
8.3
3.5
5.2
3.1

51.0
5.1
2.9
19.6
7.1
3.7
4.7
3.2

53.4
5.3
3.1
19.9
7.7
3.8
4.9
3.4

.1
.2

18.0
2.4
13.6

18.1
2.6
14.1

18.5
2.6
14.5

.1
.7

9.5
116.9

9.9
116.6

10.2
118.4

7.1

297.7
7.0
32.3
11.5
3.8
24.2
7.7
8.8
35.7
35.9
9.1
9.8
5.1
44.3
21.7

305.1
7.5
32.8
11.7
4.4
24.2
8.2
8.2
34.3
39.4
9.1
9.5
5.3
45.0
23.1

306.5
7.6
33.3
11.8
4.4
24.1
8.2
8.1
34.5
39.4
9.1
9.5
5.3
45.5
23.5

1

11.0
3.3

()

()

V)

2.6

3.3

(1)

.9

0)
0

(1)

.9

0
0)

V)
1

()

30.3
11.0
.7
6.0

30.6
11.1
.7
6.2

(2) 2.7

(2) 2.7

1.0
1.2
.5
.2
.4
.6
.1
1.0
.7
.1
.5
2.0

1.0
1.3
.6
.2
.4
.6
.1
1.0
.6
.1
.5
1.8

1.0
1.3
.6
.2
.4
.6
.1
1.0
.6
.1
.5
1.8

15.5

(21)
(1)
()
(1)

.7

.1
.2

6.9

t2)

(21)
(1)
(1)
()

7.7
.7

()

()
(2)

15.1

V)

O
V)
2

0
V)
2

June
1995?

84.0
22.4
6.1
15.3
7.4
4.2

11.0
3.2

(11)

(2) 2.7

(1) 8.4

May
1995

(2)

.1
.2
.1
.7

(2)
(22)
()
O

(2)

7.2
.2

3.7
.5

O

(22)
(2)
()
(2)

.5

15.5

V)

(2)
O
(11)
()
(1)
02
()
(2)

7.7

(2) .2
(2)
(22)
( ) 3.7
(2) .4
(22)
(2)
(2)
( ) .5
(2)

See footnotes at end of table.




79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities

NAanufacturin 1

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995"

388.7
52.4
37.1
27.8
17.9
10.4

385.9
52.8
38.1
26.9
17.3
10.3

387.8
52.9
38.0
27.0
17.4
10.5

87.3
30.4
3.3
12.3
6.3
2.3

86.0
29.7
3.1
12.2
6.0
2.3

86.4
29.6
3.2
12.6
6.2
2.3

392.9
104.0
31.0
54.4
34.1
15.7

401.1
106.3
31.0
56.0
34.7
16.2

402.9
106.7
31.3
56.8
34.8
16.4

19.9
2.2

16.0
2.1

19.0
2.3

25.2
13.3

23.5
12.3

24.9
13.1

55.7
29.1

54.3
29.0

57.2
29.8

Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson

194.6
150.4
26.9

200.4
154.9
28.2

202.3
156.1
28.4

85.5
60.2
13.1

88.7
61.8
13.7

89.6
62.3
14.1

405.6
271.4
66.8

426.9
288.8
69.9

425.8
288.3
68.9

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

255.6
33.7
28.0
35.0
7.5

260.9
34.8
27.5
36.6
7.6

262.7
34.9
28.0
36.5
7.7

59.5
8.4
5.8
18.0
2.0

61.6
9.0
6.1
18.6
1.9

62.0
9.0
6.2
18.7
2.0

234.1
33.4
18.2
65.9
7.3

243.8
35.2
17.8
67.3
7.4

245.1
35.7
17.8
67.8
7.3

1,772.2
9.7
29.6
640.7
22.9
101.0
207.1
86.1
36.1
9.4
111.9
73.8
225.5
17.4
20.4
21.6
13.9
30.1

1,758.9
9.3
29.3
633.0
22.6
103.1
203.1
87.3
37.9
8.2
109.4
73.5
224.0
16.4
20.3
22.0
14.7
27.9

1,768.7
9.4
30.0
631.9
23.4
103.4
205.3
87.6
38.5
8.6
109.8
74.0
225.8
16.7
20.6
22.7
14.7
28.3

613.1
8.4
12.5
198.9
5.4
56.8
38.5
38.0
24.5
4.8
35.4
74.7
23.9
5.0
5.6
10.4
6.1
11.0

611.4
8.2
12.2
198.2
5.3
55.4
40.5
38.7
24.3
4.6
35.7
73.2
23.2
4.8
5.7
10.4
5.6
11.4

616.7
8.1
12.4
199.3
5.3
55.9
40.7
39.0
24.4
4.6
36.2
73.6
23.6
4.8
5.8
10.7
5.7
11.7

2,828.2
41.0
63.8
812.8
30.4
203.0
280.7
196.7
127.0
29.1
225.0
191.3
156.5
34.8
37.9
38.6
36.2
55.9

2,815.9
40.4
63.3
813.6
30.4
203.6
282.5
199.3
127.3
28.6
224.4
192.8
158.0
34.8
38.6
39.0
37.4
56.8

2,835.6
40.5
63.7
817.4
30.4
204.8
284.0
199.6
127.4
28.8
226.1
194.0
158.5
35.0
38.8
39.0
37.7
57.0

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

191.5
29.9
90.0

193.5
30.2
90.7

194.2
30.2
90.8

107.8
4.1
74.9

108.3
4.3
75.7

109.8
4.4
76.7

428.3
30.6
229.9

437.9
31.9
238.1

445.1
32.3
242.1

Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
New London-Norwich
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury

286.7
42.7
19.9
95.1
40.0
28.7
29.2
18.2

280.8
41.3
19.6
92.4
40.9
27.6
28.3
18.3

282.4
41.3
19.6
92.7
41.2
28.0
28.4
18.6

70.9
7.1
2.8
24.8
16.2
5.9
8.7
3.3

71.1
7.1
2.9
25.3
16.3
5.9
8.5
3.3

71.5
7.2
2.9
25.0
16.3
6.0
8.5
3.4

340.8
40.1
21.5
123.7
49.5
27.7
44.6
16.2

336.7
40.7
20.9
124.2
49.1
27.7
42.8
16.2

338.9
40.8
21.0
124.5
50.1
28.5
43.5
16.3

Delaware
Dover
Wilmington-Newark

64.0
6.2
48.8

62.2
6.2
44.6

59.5
6.2
41.4

15.3
1.7
13.4

15.6
1.7
14.1

15.7
1.7
14.1

81.2
12.9
57.1

80.0
12.9
57.0

83.0
13.0
57.3

District of Columbia
Washington PMSA

13.1
93.4

13.1
95.0

13.2
95.9

21.4
110.0

20.3
108.1

20.5
108.9

53.6
456.3

54.3
460.1

54.3
464.3

484.8
13.4
41.1
5.6
5.6
34.4
20.0
28.9
80.9
50.0
11.2
19.1
4.8
87.5
30.2

486.4
13.9
41.5
5.7
6.1
35.4
20.5
29.2
80.5
52.6
11.2
19.7
5.0
87.2
30.2

487.1
13.8
41.4
5.7
6.0
35.5
20.6
29.0
80.8
52.7
11.3
19.8
5.0
87.6
29.9

295.4
3.7
26.5
6.2
1.9
32.5
8.3
4.7
74.3
38.4
6.4
5.2
3.4
42.6
15.0

300.3
3.7
27.9
6.2
1.9
31.8
8.5
4.6
76.2
39.1
6.2
5.1
3.3
43.9
15.1

299.9
3.8
28.1
6.3
1.9
32.0
8.5
4.6
76.0
39.0
6.3
5.1
3.4
43.7
15.0

1,499.3
40.3
159.1
37.8
21.9
113.5
43.3
38.7
237.5
168.2
34.7
52.2
28.9
240.3
103.3

1,560.8
42.2
166.1
39.4
22.7
115.9
44.5
41.7
241.6
176.2
34.9
54.5
29.9
251.7
109.7

1.553.0
41.8
166.2
38.7
22.8
115.6
44.7
41.2
240.8
175.7
35.0
53.5
30.1
250.1
108.4

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage

California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ...
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
See footnotes at end of table.

80




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Governmenl

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

77.6
30.8
4.6
8.9
8.7
2.2

77.0
30.5
4.6
8.9
8.6
2.3

77.6
30.7
4.7
9.0
8.6
2.3

374.6
119.6
41.7
53.2
36.0
11.7

380.3
121.6
40.0
54.2
36.7
12.6

382.6
122.7
40.1
54.8
36.7
12.5

346.7
67.1
39.2
33.7
37.1
21.0

349.9
68.4
40.0
34.5
37.7
21.8

343.6
67.6
39.5
34.1
37.4
20.3

Alaska
Anchorage

12.3
7.5

12.0
7.5

12.5
7.6

61.1
32.2

60.3
32.4

62.9
33.2

72.9
28.6

75.2
28.9

72.5
28.3

111.5
90.2
12.9

111.2
91.6
11.8

110.9
91.6
11.7

482.0
333.4
87.6

502.4
351.0
91.0

501.5
350.6
90.6

253.7
134.5
59.8

306.2
166.9
66.3

278.8
150.3
58.8

42.1
4.2
2.9
17.0
1.4

42.9
4.3
3.0
17.2
1.4

43.2
4.4
3.0
17.3
1.4

231.1
23.5
22.9
79.0
7.8

238.4
24.5
22.1
80.9
8.1

240.6
24.6
22.5
81.7
8.1

170.6
15.7
9.1
54.4
7.8

179.3
16.9
9.6
56.9
8.1

172.8
16.5
8.9
55.8
7.9

California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

792.1
5.9
13.9
243.2
5.0
57.1
95.0
32.2
42.1
6.7
61.1
101.3
30.4
7.7
11.1
8.9
5.6
12.5

769.5
5.9
13.2
238.3
4.5
53.4
90.1
31.4
41.5
6.5
58.8
99.7
28.3
7.3
10.7
8.5
5.4
12.1

771.2
5.9
13.3
237.9
4.5
53.3
90.0
31.4
41.8
6.5
59.0
100.1
28.3
7.3
10.8
8.5
5.4
12.3

3,555.8
38.1
63.4
1,158.7
28.1
243.3
331.7
191.9
145.6
28.3
297.9
307.0
242.8
43.9
39.0
35.8
35.9
67.8

3,641.7
39.0
64.0
1,197.8
28.3
245.8
336.7
196.7
147.0
28.5
295.3
312.4
242.1
44.4
40.4
36.7
36.8
69.0

3,649.9
39.0
64.0
1,189.8
28.6
245.8
338.7
195.0
147.4
28.7
299.2
312.6
243.9
43.7
40.8
36.4
37.2
69.0

2,130.4
49.0
61.3
541.0
22.5
171.4
131.7
157.8
163.5
26.4
184.9
128.5
90.2
30.2
25.2
33.5
35.2
43.6

2,143.5
48.1
64.1
540.4
22.7
173.1
130.3
163.8
163.7
25.1
187.0
127.0
89.7
31.0
26.1
34.5
33.9
43.5

2,141.5
49.6
63.4
542.1
22.6
171.2
128.8
160.2
163.7
25.2
187.4
127.0
89.4
30.9
25.8
33.7
33.8
43.9

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

111.3
5.4
73.7

110.0
5.2
73.4

110.9
5.2
74.1

510.6
41.7
279.7

513.2
43.0
286.9

525.6
44.0
288.6

298.7
24.6
140.9

309.6
26.6
142.4

301.4
25.1
140.7

137.7
10.6
4.1
76.5
14.6
3.7
21.4
4.2

132.8
9.9
4.2
73.0
13.7
3.6
21.6
4.1

134.3
10.0
4.2
73.1
13.8
3.7
21.9
4.2

453.6
53.4
22.9
156.1
80.4
32.5
62.7
24.3

458.8
54.7
22.4
156.8
81.6
31.2
62.7
24.1

460.9
54.7
22.2
157.0
81.2
31.8
63.8
24.5

218.2
20.4
10.1
91.4
30.7
29.4
17.1
12.7

216.2
20.3
10.7
93.8
30.5
29.6
17.2
13.1

216.7
20.4
10.5
93.3
30.0
29.8
17.3
12.7

Delaware
Dover
Wilmington-Newark

39.4
1.5
34.8

40.5
1.3
36.1

41.0
1.4
36.3

93.4
10.9
75.7

93.1
10.7
76.3

95.0
10.9
77.2

50.9
13.5
36.3

52.0
14.0
37.6

50.9
13.9
37.0

District of Columbia
Washington PMSA

31.4
139.8

30.9
134.3

31.2
134.0

261.1
853.9

261.2
874.9

261.5
883.6

274.7
633.8

254.7
614.7

254.8
610.9

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton

376.5
6.4
41.2
8.1
4.6
48.1
7.6
5.7
66.6
41.1
5.3
10.8
5.1
66.0
26.9

382.9
6.4
41.3
8.1
4.6
50.2
7.5
5.7
67.0
43.5
5.5
11.1
5.2
66.7
27.5

384.1
6.5
41.5
8.1
4.6
50.5
7.5
5.6
67.0
43.5
5.6
11.2
5.2
66.3
27.5

1,933.2
47.4
184.1
47.5
29.6
143.1
43.0
56.9
281.0
273.3
45.8
81.8
33.7
350.3
138.1

2,030.5
49.5
196.8
48.6
31.8
149.2
46.0
59.3
290.8
293.6
49.1
89.0
35.0
369.2
143.9

2,040.7
50.0
196.8
48.9
31.7
151.4
46.0
59.5
290.2
296.7
49.1
90.0
35.1
372.8
143.2

904.2
23.3
78.7
22.1
35.8
61.4
25.6
25.1
133.0
79.6
29.4
24.6
54.4
127.1
49.8

938.3
23.4
81.7
23.2
39.0
67.2
26.1
25.3
135.8
81.2
28.3
25.3
58.1
131.7
50.8

926.2
23.5
81.5
23.2
36.6
63.7
26.6
25.0
134.2
80.7
28.2
25.3
55.5
130.9
50.6

Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
New London-Norwich
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury

Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ....
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton

I

See footnotes at end of table.




81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)

(Donstructiorl

Mining

Total
State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

3,271.7
55.2
64.9
1,731.8
191.2
105.5
137.3
123.7

3,386.1
55.7
68.4
1,820.1
189.4
107.3
139.9
126.2

3,409.9
56.1
67.7
1,834.7
190.3
108.6
140.2
126.2

Hawaii
Honolulu

539.5
414.3

536.5
411.6

535.4
410.1

Idaho
Boise City

469.3
173.7

474.7
178.6

480.6
181.2

Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

5,526.3
72.8
90.9
3,826.3
171.7
55.9
41.4
160.6
165.0
109.7

5,551.1
74.4
94.4
3,862.7
170.0
53.4
41.3
154.9
165.2
110.1

5,567.5
74.2
91.6
3,878.8
172.1
54.0
41.7
154.6
167.1
109.8

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

2,721.2
60.1
116.5
148.3
255.5
250.8
778.9
50.1
81.2
57.9
128.5
67.3

2,770.1
60.0
119.4
146.9
262.0
250.6
796.1
52.0
87.9
62.7
127.1
68.6

2,754.0
61.2
119.9
147.5
264.3
250.1
796.1
51.7
86.2
60.5
128.5
68.3

1,344.0
104.6
257.1
49.3
62.5
62.5
65.6

1,364.9
107.3
257.8
50.9
63.7
63.7
68.2

1,371.4
107.2
259.1
51.1
62.5
63.7
65.9

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,179.1
39.1
98.4
254.6

1,204.9
43.5
97.6
255.3

1,209.6
39.8
98.8
254.9

o 1.4

Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro

1,609.6
242.0
523.3
41.3

1,636.8
251.1
530.2
43.8

1,636.9
251.3
535.4
43.1

28.1
.2
.6
.5

1,721.2
51.9
262.1
63.6
142.5
76.4
61.6
581.4
160.3

1,795.0
52.7
268.8
66.0
146.4
79.5
64.8
595.3
162.2

1,795.0
52.5
272.5
66.7
146.0
80.1
64.6
591.4
163.0

46.8
.1
.8
5.7
11.5
1.4
.3
13.7
3.0

543.2
40.9
130.3

542.5
41.4
128.2

555.3
41.3
129.9

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
Maine
Lewiston-Aubum
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.

82




J

I

i

June
1994
7.7

ft
ft
0
1

1.1

()
(11)
()
(1)

(11)
()
0
(O1)

ft

(11)
()

ft
ft

29.4
22.4

26.7
20.2

26.9
20.2

3.0

31.4
13.3

29.8
13.5

30.9
14.0

14.3

227.3
2.7
3.3
150.9
9.0
3.4
2.5
8.5
6.5
5.5

216.7
2.4
2.9
147.6
8.4
3.3
2.4
8.0
6.1
4.8

227.4
2.6
3.2
153.4
8.9
3.3
2.5
8.4
6.5
5.0

133.5
2.9
4.4
8.8
12.2
16.8
42.8
1.5
3.7
2.7
6.8
3.4

131.9
3.0
4.4
9.2
13.4
17.0
42.7
1.6
3.3
2.6
6.8
3.4

138.4
3.1
4.5
8.5
14.0
17.5
44.0
1.7
3.7
2.8
7.4
3.8

1.5

(1)
(ft1)

.8

ft

(1)

.4

2.3

59.7
5.8
11.7
1.9
2.6
3.1
2.8

57.0
5.8
10.8
2.2
2.5
2.9
2.7

61.0
5.8
11.5
2.3
2.6
3.1
2.9

8.3

1.5

53.0
2.0
4.4
12.9

52.7
1.9
4.1
12.2

55.8
2.1
4.3
12.8

27.0
.2
.6
.4

27.0
.2
.6
.5

78.6
12.0
27.5
3.1

74.3
12.0
29.2
3.3

76.8
12.7
29.8
3.5

49.3
.1
1.0
6.2
11.5
1.4
.3
13.2
2.8

50.0
.1
1.0
6.3
11.7
1.4
.3
13.2
2.8

104.2
3.3
29.9
3.0
7.5
7.8
2.8
27.2
8.3

108.2
3.3
30.8
2.8
8.5
8.5
3.2
26.8
8.6

109.1
3.4
31.2
2.9
8.5
8.7
3.2
27.6
8.9

.2

22.5
1.7
5.4

22.6
1.8
5.5

23.7
1.7
5.5

14.2

ft
ft

ft
ft

.1

ft
ft

1.9

1.8

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
6.7

6.7

ft
ft

1.5

ft
ft

.9

ft
ft
ft
ft

.3

ft
ft

1.5

ft
ft

.9

ft
ft
ft
ft

.3

2.3

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
8.3

8.3

ft

1.2

ft

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

(01)
(0)1)

1.6
.5

2.8

2.3

ft
ft

ft
ft

.5

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

ft

156.7
3.2
2.2
85.9
10.3
4.6
5.4
7.3

ft

7.0

ft
ft

152.8
3.3
2.2
85.1
10.5
4.4
5.2
7.1

ft

1

ft

ft

June
1995P

( ) 1.1

(1) 1.6

2.5

2.2

May
1995

142.0
3.1
2.3
75.8
11.4
4.5
5.0
6.6

15.5

ft
ft

7.7

7.6

ft
1.5
.5

June
1994

June
1995P

May
1995

ft
ft

1.5

(22)
()

ft
ft

.1

ft
ft

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
Dublic utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

577.3
7.9
11.2
205.9
44.7
20.8
19.5
17.3

585.4
7.4
11.6
212.3
43.0
20.4
19.7
17.0

587.8
7.8
11.4
212.9
43.1
20.1
19.6
17.0

211.8
3.2
1.7
145.9
5.9
3.6
5.6
9.6

208.6
3.0
1.6
143.0
6.0
3.5
5.2
9.7

208.7
3.0
1.6
142.9
6.1
3.6
5.2
9.7

815.4
13.2
15.4
462.2
40.6
23.7
31.9
30.9

847.5
13.4
16.5
485.2
41.1
24.1
33.8
31.6

854.5
13.4
16.4
490.2
41.5
24.6
33.6
31.7

Hawaii
Honolulu

18.0
13.5

16.8
12.9

16.8
12.8

42.2
34.3

41.3
33.5

41.6
33.8

132.3
99.2

133.6
100.0

134.6
100.7

Idaho
Boise City

72.7
30.5

73.0
31.7

74.4
32.1

22.0
8.3

22.7
8.4

22.7
8.3

118.4
41.8

120.5
42.4

122.3
43.0

Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

965.3
8.5
11.3
652.2
30.0
13.3
6.8
32.4
51.3
4.4

955.3
8.8
11.7
652.5
30.3
10.5
6.8
25.0
51.5
4.6

959.7
8.9
11.4
656.3
30.3
10.7
6.8
24.9
51.5
4.4

319.0
2.8
2.5
229.3
8.8
5.2
1.8
9.1
7.8
5.0

322.2
2.9
2.6
229.6
8.6
5.2
1.8
8.9
8.1
5.1

323.5
2.8
2.6
232.7
8.7
5.2
1.8
9.1
8.2
5.0

1,287.4
16.7
19.3
887.3
47.7
12.4
10.8
39.0
34.8
23.4

1,290.6
16.5
19.3
893.2
47.6
12.3
10.8
38.6
34.7
23.2

1,300.6
16.5
19.0
899.2
47.7
12.4
10.8
39.0
34.8
23.2

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

668.1
9.4
60.0
33.5
71.5
52.8
124.3
19.8
19.7
11.2
22.4
12.9

679.4
9.7
59.8
32.0
74.0
53.0
125.2
20.7
20.9
11.3
23.0
13.1

683.5
9.9
59.6
32.4
75.1
52.9
125.7
20.9
21.2
11.4
23.0
13.1

139.1
1.7
3.9
7.2
13.2
16.3
46.8
1.3
2.1
5.2
5.9
3.0

138.6
1.8
4.1
7.2
13.1
15.8
46.9
1.2
2.2
5.9
5.9
3.0

140.3
1.8
4.1
7.2
13.2
15.8
47.2
1.2
2.2
6.0
5.9
3.0

651.1
13.9
20.9
37.5
60.6
61.6
202.6
11.0
17.1
12.8
33.0
19.7

663.6
15.8
22.5
37.9
61.5
60.6
211.6
11.5
18.1
13.9
32.7
19.6

665.7
15.6
23.1
38.1
61.9
60.3
212.8
11.2
18.1
13.8
32.4
19.3

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

248.3
21.3
26.2
13.3
4.6
12.5
14.2

249.6
21.2
25.9
13.1
4.4
12.6
14.2

251.7
21.3
26.2
13.3
4.4
12.7
14.1

59.4
6.8
12.2
2.0
1.7
3.8
2.0

60.2
7.1
12.4
1.9
1.9
3.8
2.0

60.7
7.2
12.7
2.0
1.9
3.8
2.0

334.4
24.2
67.5
11.6
11.7
15.8
16.1

338.9
24.7
68.0
12.2
11.8
16.0
16.5

340.2
24.7
68.0
12.3
11.9
16.1
16.4

190.0
4.8
10.0
56.8

194.7
5.2
10.2
57.2

195.8
5.1
10.2
57.4

68.5
1.1
6.8
11.6

70.5
1.1
6.8
11.3

70.9
1.1
6.8
11.4

285.0
9.9
21.4
59.2

288.8
10.5
21.2
59.4

290.6
10.1
21.5
59.8

Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro

306.9
40.1
91.7
6.6

311.1
42.2
92.1
6.7

311.6
42.6
92.5
6.7

89.5
10.1
35.5
2.3

90.2
10.3
36.5
2.2

90.9
10.4
36.6
2.2

381.5
55.9
125.7
10.5

389.6
58.0
129.2
11.2

393.0
58.0
130.7
11.2

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City

188.4
3.4
23.0
5.7
16.3
11.1
7.8
49.0
19.8

191.5
3.5
23.7
6.1
16.6
11.2
7.9
48.2
20.2

192.6
3.4
23.9
6.3
16.5
11.3
8.0
48.3
20.2

110.8
2.7
12.6
6.4
8.8
4.7
3.8
43.5
8.2

113.4
2.8
12.6
6.5
8.7
5.1
3.8
42.3
8.0

113.8
2.8
12.7
6.9
8.8
5.0
3.8
41.8
8.0

399.0
11.4
58.1
15.9
36.2
17.0
15.9
143.2
37.1

413.3
11.5
60.0
16.8
36.2
17.4
16.5
147.3
38.1

416.1
11.6
60.7
16.6
36.2
17.6
16.6
147.8
38.4

92.1
9.0
13.4

91.1
6.6
13.1

92.9
8.5
13.4

23.1
1.6
6.3

22.9
1.7
5.7

23.6
1.7
5.9

138.5
10.1
38.2

136.2
10.2
38.8

142.8
10.5
40.2

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

,

I

[
|

See footnotes at end of table.




83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Fin*ince, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995^

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

173.6
2.0
2.0
116.4
6.7
7.4
8.0
4.2

174.6
2.0
1.9
117.9
6.4
7.2
8.2
4.1

175.4
2.0
1.9
118.1
6.3
7.3
8.3
4.1

778.7
13.4
11.6
481.8
42.7
25.3
30.4
34.8

830.3
14.1
12.1
525.1
43.2
26.8
31.6
35.6

840.9
14.1
11.9
534.8
43.7
27.4
31.8
35.5

565.2
12.4
20.7
242.3
38.7
20.2
35.8
20.3

579.3
12.5
22.5
249.9
38.7
20.9
35.1
21.1

578.2
12.6
22.3
248.3
38.8
21.0
35.1
20.9

Hawaii
Honolulu

38.8
32.0

37.9
31.0

37.9
31.1

163.9
119.9

164.6
120.6

164.4
120.4

114.9
93.0

115.6
93.4

113.2
91.1

Idaho
Boise City

24.4
11.5

24.2
11.9

24.2
11.9

104.2
40.7

105.0
42.4

107.7
43.3

93.7
27.6

96.7
28.3

95.4
28.6

Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

398.3
13.4
3.5
310.5
8.1
2.5
1.7
8.4
7.1
8.5

396.3
13.6
3.5
310.6
7.9
2.4
1.7
8.3
7.2
8.4

400.0
13.9
3.5
313.0
8.0
2.5
1.7
8.3
7.2
8.5

1,535.3
16.6
20.1
1,122.3
42.5
13.3
10.9
47.5
40.8
30.0

1,549.4
16.7
20.7
1,152.0
41.6
13.7
10.8
48.2
41.1
30.1

1,563.7
17.3
21.1
1,156.8
42.9
14.1
11.2
49.2
42.2
30.8

778.2
12.1
30.9
471.6
25.6
5.8
6.9
15.7
16.7
32.9

806.4
13.5
33.7
475.4
25.6
6.0
7.0
17.9
16.5
33.9

778.3
12.2
30.8
465.5
25.6
5.8
6.9
15.7
16.7
32.9

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

134.3
2.3
3.0
6.4
13.6
9.4
57.9
1.4
3.8
1.8
6.6
2.3

130.9
1.9
2.9
6.5
13.5
9.4
57.3
1.5
4.0
1.8
6.0
2.2

133.3
2.0
2.9
6.5
13.7
9.6
58.2
1.6
4.1
1.9
6.1
2.3

612.6
12.5
17.5
39.2
59.3
60.5
197.7
8.5
16.4
14.1
41.4
15.1

624.3
12.6
18.8
38.1
59.6
58.6
199.8
8.5
17.4
14.3
40.2
15.7

623.8
12.7
18.8
38.9
60.3
58.8
201.0
8.8
17.7
14.6
41.8
15.7

375.5
17.4
6.8
14.2
25.1
33.4
106.0
6.6
18.4
10.1
12.4
10.5

394.7
15.2
6.9
14.5
26.9
36.2
111.7
7.0
22.0
12.9
12.5
11.3

362.3
16.1
6.9
14.4
26.1
35.2
106.3
6.3
19.2
10.0
11.9
10.8

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

77.4
5.7
36.0
1.7
1.7
2.6
2.8

78.5
5.6
36.5
1.6
1.8
2.7
2.8

79.5
5.7
36.6
1.7
1.8
2.7
2.9

328.5
29.2
70.1
15.0
13.1
17.7
16.5

344.3
31.3
70.6
16.2
13.1
18.7
16.8

343.2
30.7
70.7
15.6
13.0
18.2
16.6

234.0
11.6
33.4
3.8
27.1
7.0
11.2

234.1
11.6
33.6
3.7
28.2
7.0
13.2

232.8
11.8
33.4
3.9
26.9
7.1
11.0

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

59.3
1.8
6.4
11.4

58.4
1.7
6.4
11.1

58.8
1.8
6.4
11.2

279.8
8.9
25.3
68.2

286.9
9.7
25.1
68.6

289.1
8.8
25.3
68.2

235.2
10.6
24.1
33.1

244.6
13.4
23.8
34.0

240.3
10.8
24.3
32.6

65.5
9.7
29.2
1.9

63.6
9.4
29.0
1.8

64.8
9.3
29.3
1.8

384.3
63.0
144.9
10.9

389.9
66.4
144.5
11.8

392.5
65.5
146.0
11.7

275.2
51.0
68.2
5.5

291.1
52.6
69.1
6.4

280.3
52.6
69.9
5.5

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City

80.6
2.2
15.5
2.3
5.7
2.6
4.3
30.1
6.6

81.4
2.1
15.7
2.2
5.6
2.6
4.5
29.8
6.4

81.6
2.1
16.0
2.2
5.7
2.6
4.5
29.9
6.5

442.6
14.9
66.7
11.9
34.4
18.6
15.7
173.7
46.1

477.3
15.4
69.1
12.2
36.3
20.2
15.9
185.6
46.5

474.2
15.3
70.2
12.5
35.9
20.0
15.9
181.8
46.7

348.8
13.9
55.5
12.7
22.1
13.2
11.0
101.0
31.2

360.6
14.0
55.9
13.2
23.0
13.1
12.7
102.1
31.6

357.6
13.8
56.8
13.0
22.7
13.5
12.3
101.0
31.5

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

26.9
1.9
12.4

26.7
1.9
12.1

26.9
1.9
12.0

144.3
12.0
37.9

147.7
12.4
36.1

151.8
12.3
36.7

95.7
4.6
16.7

95.2
4.8
16.9

93.4
4.7
16.2

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro

See footnotes at end of table.

84




I

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995*

Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

2,176.8
1,125.6
414.8
796.3

2,172.0
1,126.9
412.1
800.3

2,186.1
1,127.6
411.6
806.1

Massachusetts
Barnstable-Yarmouth
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

2,936.8
56.9
1,787.7
86.0
49.4
137.4
104.2
62.7
40.8
240.7
214.4

2,960.1
52.5
1,788.7
87.5
50.3
139.5
103.6
62.2
40.3
244.0
217.3

2,984.0
57.9
1,802.3
88.1
50.4
140.4
103.8
62.6
41.4
244.0
218.8

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,174.5
246.0
68.9
1,975.5
175.1
494.0
57.4
198.7
215.0
170.6

4,286.6
251.1
71.6
2,032.5
185.0
510.6
58.9
202.5
224.4
176.5

4,274.5
249.2
71.3
2,034.1
185.4
508.3
58.8
202.8
218.7
177.0

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,346.6
104.9
1,516.3
68.9
78.5

2,380.1
105.7
1,546.5
67.9
82.4

2,401.1
107.1
1,554.2
69.4
80.8

Mississippi
Jackson

1,064.6
207.3

1,056.6
208.7

1,053.5
209.4

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

2,488.5
847.8
1,228.4
146.0

2,558.2
872.7
1,244.1
151.7

2,554.9
880.3
1,241.3
150.9

June
1994

(22)

May
1995

1.1
.2

()

(22)

0

(22)
()
(21)
()
(2)

(11)
()
(11)
(1)
()

.5

.1
.1
.3
9.2

.9

0
01

()
2

7.9
5.2

()
()

V)
1

(2)
(11)
()
(1)

1.0
.2

()
1.4

(22)
(2)
()
O
(2)

(11)
()
(11)
()
01
(1)
()
(1)
(21)
(1)

.5

.1
.1
.3
9.0

.6

8.0
5.0

(2)

4.7

(1)
(22)
(2)
()
(12)
()

127.6
61.5
12.4
54.0

130.2
62.4
12.5
55.0

1.5

92.1
2.2
51.6
3.1
1.4
5.2
4.7
2.2
1.5
7.6
6.4

91.8
2.2
50.5
3.3
1.5
5.3
4.0
2.1
1.5
7.1
6.1

95.8
2.3
52.7
3.6
1.6
5.5
4.1
2.2
1.6
7.7
6.5

150.8
7.4
2.0
63.4
5.9
22.1
1.8
7.2
6.7
8.0

161.5
7.2
1.9
71.3
5.2
23.1
1.8
7.0
6.4
8.0

168.7
7.6
2.0
73.5
5.7
23.9
1.9
7.3
6.8
8.6

8.2
5.2

90.1
4.0
54.7
2.4
3.8

83.2
3.8
55.0
2.1
4.0

91.4
4.2
57.9
2.4
4.4

4.9

46.1
9.7

48.6
10.9

50.3
11.0

4.8

118.6
42.5
64.6
7.0

116.9
44.4
62.2
7.6

121.3
47.3
63.8
7.8

.1
.2
.3
9.0

.6

2

4.8

(2)

4.6

O
1

V)
1

(1)
()

June
1995P

131.3
62.6
13.0
54.9

.5

(11)
()
(1)
(11)
(1)
()
(11)
()

May
1995

1.1
.2

()
(')
O

()

4.9

(22)
()

1.5

O

June
1994

June
1995P

(1)
()

Montana

346.9

351.1

354.8

5.8

5.4

5.7

16.7

15.3

16.8

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

805.0
133.4
364.9

814.4
135.1
372.4

818.0
136.1
376.6

1.4

1.4

1.4

37.0
5.9
17.9

32.6
4.9
16.1

33.8
5.2
16.6

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

737.8
504.7
160.0

777.0
538.9
165.3

778.1
535.4
166.9

13.5
1.6
.7

57.0
42.4
9.7

59.5
44.8
10.0

60.6
45.5
10.2

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester

529.9
89.3
83.1
107.4

531.2
88.4
84.4
108.2

535.9
87.9
85.9
107.5

.5

19.2
3.4
2.6
2.9

20.5
3.7
2.9
3.2

21.4
3.9
3.0
3.4

3,612.0
183.2
618.7
449.1
238.5
561.8
356.7
924.0
198.3
57.8

3,611.4
174.4
621.0
450.6
241.1
569.8
354.0
921.5
199.1
58.1

3,657.4
184.6
626.0
453.5
242.8
570.1
364.9
925.2
197.6
58.9

2.1

128.3
6.8
22.0
19.9
4.6
18.7
16.6
32.0
4.5
1.9

129.2
6.7
22.7
20.5
4.0
19.9
16.4
31.8
4.3
1.8

132.6
6.5
23.4
21.5
3.8
20.7
17.1
31.7
4.5
1.8

658.3
308.3
46.0
70.3

689.4
323.3
48.9
71.6

690.4
324.7
48.0
72.9

42.1
22.0
2.9
3.7

46.8
24.5
3.3
4.2

48.0
25.2
3.4
4.4

7,899.8
433.0
113.9

7,874.9
431.8
113.3

7,926.3
433.1
113.5

263.3
17.0
4.5

259.6
15.8
4.1

270.7
17.0
4.4

New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ..
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton

(11)
()

(11)
()

12.5
1.6
.7

13.2
1.6
.7

.5

O
O
V)

(11)
()
V)
(1)
(1)
0

(0)
2.0

.6
.7
.3

15.4

(11)
()
0)
1

()

.5

01

5.4
.5

(1)
O
(11)
()
(1)
(1)

2.1

.6
.7
.3

15.9

(11)
(1)
()
1

()

(11)
()

(1)
V)
(1)
(1)
O
(11)
()
(1)
(1)

.6
.7
.3

16.0

O
C)
1

()
5.6
.5

5.8
.5

O

See footnotes at end of table.




85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995*

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

180.6
107.2
36.8
35.3

177.5
105.0
36.2
36.4

178.3
105.1
36.3
36.7

105.0
55.7
20.7
34.6

104.2
55.3
20.6
34.6

104.8
55.7
20.7
34.5

522.7
262.4
68.7
190.7

519.4
263.6
67.6
191.3

526.6
264.7
67.8
192.6

Massachusetts
Barnstable-Yarmouth
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

452.1
2.2
227.5
10.9
13.9
34.9
28.4
15.4
7.5
40.1
40.0

448.7
2.2
221.2
11.3
13.8
34.8
27.5
14.7
7.3
41.1
40.8

451.7
2.3
222.3
11.3
14.0
35.0
27.6
14.7
7.3
41.4
41.2

129.3
2.9
81.4
5.1
1.9
4.5
5.9
2.6
1.2
9.2
10.0

128.0
2.9
79.0
5.1
2.1
4.8
5.9
2.6
1.1
9.2
9.4

129.5
3.0
79.2
5.1
2.1
4.9
5.9
2.6
1.1
9.4
9.4

676.8
20.6
392.5
27.7
11.4
33.3
21.8
15.2
9.8
54.4
48.3

675.1
17.8
389.1
27.9
11.4
33.5
21.8
14.9
10.0
55.7
48.5

684.2
20.8
392.9
28.5
11.4
33.5
22.0
15.1
10.2
55.8
48.9

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

956.9
52.5
20.4
439.8
48.2
144.1
12.7
50.2
29.8
41.0

979.7
54.2
21.3
449.4
49.5
149.3
13.2
50.7
31.3
41.7

974.8
53.8
21.3
441.2
49.7
150.4
13.1
51.4
31.5
42.1

165.4
6.3
2.9
88.4
5.1
17.5
3.6
6.4
6.1
6.9

164.5
6.6
2.9
89.6
5.4
17.1
3.6
6.4
6.0
7.2

165.3
6.8
2.9
88.9
5.4
17.5
3.6
6.5
6.2
7.3

983.2
48.9
15.4
466.3
42.8
119.1
14.1
44.1
48.1
43.8

997.5
49.5
15.5
477.4
43.8
121.0
14.3
44.5
48.1
45.1

1,011.4
49.6
15.9
484.6
44.7
121.5
14.5
44.7
48.3
45.6

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

419.3
8.4
271.5
10.4
14.9

422.3
8.1
274.7
10.0
15.0

428.6
8.2
277.5
10.1
15.2

114.3
6.2
82.1
2.1
2.8

116.5
5.8
84.7
2.1
2.9

116.6
6.0
84.7
2.1
3.0

566.8
27.5
358.9
14.6
24.0

574.3
27.6
361.5
14.3
24.8

580.3
27.9
363.5
14.5
24.6

Mississippi
Jackson

262.6
22.2

255.5
22.6

255.9
22.7

48.9
13.5

46.8
13.4

47.4
13.8

221.3
49.7

218.3
49.3

220.2
49.9

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

415.0
106.7
197.2
21.8

423.6
109.2
199.1
22.4

425.8
110.4
199.4
22.7

157.2
66.7
79.2
8.6

156.9
67.4
78.2
9.4

157.3
67.7
78.2
9.2

592.9
206.6
292.9
42.3

617.0
210.2
295.8
44.7

619.4
211.9
297.1
44.4

Montana

23.3

23.2

24.1

21.2

20.7

20.9

94.9

95.1

96.5

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

109.4
16.2
37.2

111.3
17.0
37.8

112.2
17.1
38.0

48.4
7.6
25.3

50.4
7.6
26.2

50.7
7.7
26.6

199.1
28.1
89.0

203.2
28.6
89.9

203.9
28.6
90.7

33.8
17.9
12.1

35.4
19.3
12.4

35.6
19.4
12.4

38.0
25.1
11.0

39.5
26.4
11.0

39.6
26.5
11.0

144.7
101.1
35.4

151.7
106.6
36.6

152.9
107.4
36.8

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester

101.5
11.7
27.3
18.7

100.7
11.7
26.6
19.3

101.1
11.6
26.7
19.4

19.3
5.4
2.4
3.6

19.7
5.7
2.5
3.5

19.9
5.7
2.6
3.5

137.1
21.8
21.0
27.7

136.1
21.9
21.7
27.1

139.6
22.3
21.7
27.8

New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ..
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

515.0
7.1
112.9
57.8
33.7
94.7
21.1
144.3
24.3
14.3

500.7
7.0
108.1
57.7
32.2
92.3
21.0
140.7
23.8
14.1

502.6
6.8
108.5
57.5
32.7
92.3
21.0
141.4
23.7
14.6

246.3
7.8
29.0
21.1
30.3
45.9
18.8
80.3
7.0
2.4

247.2
7.5
28.9
21.3
31.1
45.6
19.0
81.0
6.9
2.5

248.0
7.7
28.9
21.6
31.8
45.2
19.4
81.0
6.8
2.6

848.8
40.3
174.0
119.6
58.7
131.9
97.4
181.6
30.8
10.8

849.6
35.1
175.1
121.6
59.3
134.4
96.4
182.8
30.7
10.6

867.6
41.0
176.7
121.7
59.9
135.5
101.7
183.6
31.0
10.6

44.9
28.4
2.3
2.1

46.2
29.1
2.3
2.2

46.6
29.4
2.4
2.2

29.2
13.1
1.5
1.2

30.8
13.9
1.7
1.2

29.6
13.5
1.5
1.2

157.1
74.7
10.1
15.1

163.0
77.8
10.6
15.5

166.0
78.8
10.7
15.9

965.7
43.0
25.6

948.1
42.1
24.6

953.2
41.7
24.9

409.4
16.7
4.5

397.9
16.6
4.7

401.9
16.8
4.7

1,598.2
88.4
24.6

1,591.8
91.1
24.7

1,614.0
92.0
24.9

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
See footnotes at end of table.

86




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Governmen

Services

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995"

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995?

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995"

Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

136.1
75.5
38.9
51.7

130.9
73.3
37.3
49.5

131.7
73.6
37.3
49.8

681.0
355.8
145.7
259.0

684.3
356.6
146.4
260.3

691.3
357.9
145.8
264.6

419.0
206.2
91.0
170.1

427.1
211.4
91.6
174.2

422.1
208.0
91.2
172.9

Massachusetts
Barnstable-Yarmouth

210.8
3.4
151.6
3.3
1.6
4.9
3.6
2.0
1.9
14.2
17.0

211.0
3.4
151.6
3.3
1.6
5.0
3.7
2.0
1.9
13.8
17.3

213.9
3.6
153.5
3.3
1.6
5.1
3.7
2.0
2.0
13.9
17.5

976.5
18.2
663.8
20.7
12.1
37.2
26.3
15.5
13.8
71.3
59.8

1,001.4
17.0
679.6
21.3
12.4
38.3
26.9
15.9
13.2
72.7
62.3

1,005.0
18.4
682.8
21.1
12.4
38.9
27.2
16.0
13.8
71.9
62.2

397.8
7.4
218.8
15.2
7.1
17.4
13.5
9.8
5.0
43.8
32.6

402.6
7.0
217.2
15.3
7.5
17.8
13.8
10.0
5.2
44.3
32.6

402.4
7.5
218.4
15.2
7.3
17.5
13.3
10.0
5.3
43.7
32.8

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

200.0
9.8
2.7
113.0
6.4
20.2
1.9
10.5
12.4
6.5

194.9
9.6
2.7
109.5
6.4
20.8
1.9
10.7
12.8
6.3

197.1
9.8
2.6
111.3
6.4
21.0
2.0
10.8
12.8
6.4

1,085.9
56.5
17.1
569.9
44.2
120.6
13.3
48.7
50.7
42.5

1,120.6
57.3
18.2
597.8
49.1
125.7
13.9
49.8
51.4
45.0

1,117.7
57.5
17.8
601.3
49.7
123.6
13.9
49.7
51.6
45.0

623.1
64.5
8.5
233.9
22.6
50.5
10.0
31.6
61.2
21.9

658.9
66.7
9.1
236.9
25.5
53.6
10.3
33.4
68.4
23.1

630.5
64.2
6.8
232.8
23.8
50.4
9.8
32.4
61.5
21.9

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

141.2
3.6
111.9
2.0
2.5

139.9
3.4
110.3
2.0
2.3

141.7
3.5
111.4
2.0
2.4

639.9
28.5
425.9
30.2
18.7

659.2
29.5
439.2
30.0
19.8

663.2
29.7
441.6
31.0
18.9

367.1
21.5
210.7
7.2
11.8

376.7
22.5
220.6
7.4
13.6

371.1
22.4
217.1
7.3
12.3

39.9
14.9

39.1
14.7

39.4
14.8

230.1
53.8

217.2
51.8

217.9
51.6

210.8
42.9

226.3
45.4

217.5
45.0

148.2
64.0
77.2
6.4

146.9
64.0
77.3
6.6

149.5
64.2
78.2
6.7

673.4
233.6
369.8
42.5

685.6
241.0
374.2
43.1

689.2
244.1
377.5
43.0

378.5
127.7
147.5
17.4

406.7
136.5
157.3
17.9

387.6
134.7
147.1
17.1

Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
Montana

16.0

16.0

16.3

94.1

97.0

99.4

74.9

78.4

75.1

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

51.9
8.8
32.2

52.2
8.8
32.3

52.8
8.9
32.7

204.1
32.7
112.5

210.4
33.2
121.1

211.5
33.3
123.1

153.7
34.1
50.8

152.9
35.0
49.0

151.7
35.3
48.9

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

34.4
25.7
7.5

35.6
26.6
7.8

35.8
26.7
7.9

329.1
240.1
63.3

343.8
253.6
65.0

346.6
254.2
66.3

88.3
50.8
20.3

98.3
60.0
21.8

93.5
54.1
21.6

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester

30.1
8.4
3.2
6.6

29.2
7.9
2.9
6.1

29.5
7.8
2.9
6.1

147.4
28.3
19.0
26.9

144.4
27.0
20.1
26.8

146.3
26.3
21.1
27.1

74.8
10.3
7.6
21.0

80.1
10.5
7.7
22.2

77.6
10.3
7.9
20.2

233.9
6.2
35.9
23.7
21.1
44.8
18.6
68.2
11.1
3.7

232.1
6.0
36.2
21.9
22.4
44.0
18.6
67.2
10.7
3.9

235.0
6.2
36.1
22.1
22.4
44.3
18.8
68.1
10.9
3.9

1,060.2
85.5
172.3
128.7
50.1
148.2
117.8
275.0
66.3
11.3

1,074.0
83.0
177.5
130.8
51.6
154.0
118.2
275.3
67.9
11.8

1,090.5
86.9
178.8
132.4
51.9
153.7
120.9
277.0
66.1
11.9

577.5
29.5
72.6
78.3
40.0
77.0
66.4
141.9
54.3
13.1

576.5
29.1
72.5
76.6
40.5
79.0
64.4
142.0
54.8
13.1

579.0
29.5
73.6
76.7
40.3
77.8
66.0
141.7
54.6
13.2

29.7
16.3
2.0
3.0

31.3
16.9
2.0
3.0

31.6
17.1
2.0
3.1

177.8
94.7
9.3
20.7

186.7
99.5
10.0
20.6

189.5
100.5
10.0
21.5

162.1
59.1
17.9
24.5

168.7
61.6
19.0
24.9

163.1
60.2
18.0
24.6

745.7
26.7
4.0

729.9
26.6
3.9

736.8
26.9
3.9

2,478.0
128.6
29.4

2,530.2
128.8
29.4

2,543.0
129.1
29.7

1,434.0
112.1
21.2

1,411.9
110.3
21.9

1,400.9
109.1
21.0

New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ..
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
See footnotes at end of table.




87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area
June
1994

May
1995

(1)

(1)

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

539.7
102.9
41.3
52.0
1,095.2
3,825.5
3,324.0
117.9
524.9
100.6
333.0
128.6
381.8

536.1
104.3
41.6
50.1
1,082.7
3,813.0
3,316.5
117.6
518.2
99.6
333.2
127.5
378.1

538.3
104.7
41.7
53.0
1,095.3
3,824.7
3,323.8
119.1
520.6
100.0
335.0
128.9
381.8

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

3,391.8
101.5
687.9
596.3
540.5

3,438.8
99.8
703.3
602.4
551.1

3,452.7
100.9
703.9
603.9
553.7

297.4
45.6
86.3
46.0

304.3
47.6
90.5
48.0

303.5
47.3
89.6
47.0

Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Hamilton-Middletown
Lima
Mansfield
Steubenville-Weirton
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

5,131.8
302.3
172.1
793.7
1,091.5
761.4
456.5
102.5
76.1
78.1
51.2
306.2
237.4

5,200.1
312.1
175.9
796.8
1,102.4
764.4
461.6
106.9
77.0
79.9
51.5
314.6
240.7

5,211.5
305.5
177.0
800.9
1,109.8
769.5
460.4
105.1
77.8
79.9
51.8
313.7
241.9

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,282.9
23.8
37.3
463.5
341.3

1,308.4
24.6
38.8
474.0
350.4

1,312.2
24.6
39.0
474.2
353.5

35.3
1.1
.1
7.8
9.4

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem

1,375.5
127.8
61.8
805.1
121.7

1.416.6
129.8
63.2
832.3
122.4

1,433.6
131.0
63.7
841.4
124.1

1.7
.2
.1
.9
.2

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

5,238.4
259.3
58.1
125.4
331.9
85.8
201.2
2,184.6
688.3
1,051.5
157.3
269.3
45.0
60.0
52.8
157.1

5,237.5
262.1
58.4
125.9
333.7
86.5
203.2
2,176.6
686.6
1,045.3
156.9
268.6
45.1
62.9
52.0
160.2

5,249.8
262.6
59.0
126.4
334.0
86.7
203.0
2,181.1
681.9
1,050.6
157.8
270.0
44.8
60.9
52.1
160.9

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

See footnotes at end of table.

88




O
1

(1)
(0))

20.9
4.5
1.5
2.5
45.3
113.2
90.6
4.7
16.9
3.4
15.4
3.7
17.5

3.7

170.0
5.3
36.4
26.6
26.6

176.2
5.2
38.5
28.3
28.8

177.7
5.3
38.5
28.5
29.2

3.7

14.6
2.5
5.6
2.4

14.4
3.6
5.0
2.3

15.8
2.8
5.8
2.8

13.8
.4
.7
.7
1.0
.7
.7

.4
.2
.6

217.5
12.3
8.4
39.0
42.5
31.8
17.6
6.0
3.7
2.5
2.2
13.4
9.9

211.7
12.2
8.8
39.3
43.3
31.2
17.0
5.8
3.8
2.3
2.0
13.4
9.4

220.5
12.5
9.2
40.3
45.1
32.5
17.7
6.2
4.0
2.4
2.1
14.0
10.1

33.1
1.2
.1
7.3
8.3

33.7
1.2
.1
7.3
8.3

48.1
.9
1.5
17.6
13.9

49.6
.8
1.7
18.8
14.3

51.1
.9
1.7
19.4
14.9

1.6
.2
.1
1.0
.2

1.8
.2
.1
1.0
.2

62.4
5.7
2.7
40.1
6.0

67.0
5.8
2.7
42.7
6.0

70.1
6.0
2.8
44.6
6.3

19.9

215.0
10.5
2.6
4.5
13.9
5.4
11.7
82.7
11.9
51.6
66
10.4
1.5
2.5
2.4
7.9

204.0
10.1
2.4
4.8
13.1
4.8
11.6
79.5
11.5
47 7
6.1
9 1
1.5
2.5
2.C
8.3

211.1
10.4
2.6
5.2
13.7
5.2
11.7
83.5
12.0
47.7
6.3
10.1
1.6
2.6
2.1
8.6

()
V)
(11)
( ) 0.3
(1) .8
(11)
(1)
(1)
()

3.6

(11)
(1)
(1)
()

(1)
()
3.9

(1)
()
14.8
.4
.6
.6
1.0
.7
.7

(11)
()
(')

0

(1)
(11)
(1)
()

(11)
(1)
()

.5
.2
.7

.4

4.1
.6

.6

(')

(11)
(1)
(1)
()
O
0)
1

()

14.0
.4
.7
.7
1.1
.7
.7

(1)
()

O
V)

3.7

0)
1

21.3

(11)
()
0)
(11)
()
(1)

3.7

O
01

01

June
1995P

19.9
4.2
1.3
2.3
44.1
110.9
88.8
4.4
15.6
3.3
14.3
3.4
17.2

1

(1)
( ) 0.3
(1) .9

(11)
(1)
(1)
()
O
(1) 0.3
(1) .8
(1)

May
1995

20.7
4.3
1.4
2.2
44.6
112.6
90.7
4.2
17.3
3.1
15.6
3.7
17.2

0

O
O
01

June
1994

June
1995P

.5
.2
.6

19.5

(11)
(1)
()
(11)
( ) .4
(11)
( ) 3.8
(1) .6
(11)
(1)
( ) .5

(11)
()
O

C)
0
O
01

()

V)
V)

(1)
V)
0)
V)

.4

3.8
.6

.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995^

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

90.0
16.1
9.0
9.6
118.3
342.6
284.9
12.9
128.6
13.6
49.6
21.7
42.2

89.3
16.1
9.0
8.9
113.0
338.7
282.3
12.6
125.2
12.8
48.9
20.3
41.9

89.7
16.4
8.9
8.9
113.4
340.7
284.5
12.7
125.8
12.7
49.3
20.6
41.8

27.1
4.0
1.5
1.5
49.7
232.3
204.7
6.8
17.0
6.1
19.6
4.4
20.8

25.9
4.0
1.5
1.5
48.9
226.5
199.8
7.0
16.2
5.9
18.4
4.3
20.1

26.2
4.1
1.5
1.6
49.4
228.5
201.7
7.1
16.3
5.9
18.4
4.3
20.1

133.1
20.7
10.3
11.8
282.0
655.7
544.7
30.4
111.6
22.2
77.4
26.4
84.5

130.9
21.1
10.7
11.1
277.1
657.5
546.0
31.0
111.6
22.5
79.3
28.1
84.8

132.4
21.2
10.7
12.1
284.1
662.4
549.4
31.4
112.7
22.7
80.3
28.6
86.0

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

861.0
20.6
150.4
169.7
79.3

861.4
20.2
151.7
171.0
81.0

863.2
20.3
152.2
171.3
81.2

162.1
5.1
52.9
31.1
23.7

160.1
5.0
53.1
31.8
23.3

161.2
5.0
53.1
31.8
23.2

768.6
24.0
164.2
132.9
111.7

780.5
23.1
166.5
133.9
113.8

784.9
23.3
166.8
133.5
114.6

21.4
2.5
6.7
2.9

21.5
2.5
6.9
3.3

21.6
2.6
6.9
3.1

18.5
3.3
5.1
2.1

19.0
3.2
5.6
2.3

18.9
3.3
5.7
2.2

77.9
11.5
25.4
12.9

79.5
11.5
26.3
13.3

79.7
11.8
26.2
13.3

1,074.8
64.5
45.7
139.3
222.7
92.5
96.5
20.1
20.7
22.1
14.6
58.8
56.6

1,096.3
65.0
47.3
141.2
227.3
92.4
100.4
20.6
20.2
23.0
14.9
59.6
56.8

1,099.7
64.8
47.6
141.6
227.8
93.0
100.5
20.6
20.4
22.9
14.9
60.4
57.1

226.0
15.0
5.6
42.7
45.0
32.8
19.0
3.8
2.9
3.9
3.1
14.7
9.3

226.9
14.3
5.7
43.2
46.4
33.1
19.0
4.2
2.9
4.0
2.9
15.0
9.2

228.1
14.3
5.7
43.1
46.5
33.2
19.0
4.2
3.0
4.0
3.0
15.0
9.2

1,238.4
74.1
42.1
204.8
253.9
198.8
107.8
27.9
17.6
18.2
10.6
76.0
61.1

1,247.5
74.3
42.7
202.6
256.2
198.6
108.7
29.1
17.8
18.4
10.8
77.1
62.0

1,252.8
74.6
42.5
203.7
257.8
199.4
109.4
28.9
17.9
18.8
10.8
77.6
62.7

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

171.7
1.7
3.9
51.2
54.3

174.1
1.9
4.0
53.1
54.8

175.0
1.9
4.2
53.5
55.3

73.7
2.2
1.8
22.2
26.9

73.8
2.2
2.0
21.7
28.0

75.1
2.2
2.1
21.8
28.6

302.6
6.6
8.8
111.8
80.1

307.5
6.8
8.9
114.7
82.4

310.7
6.9
8.9
115.3
83.5

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem

224.0
19.2
9.1
130.8
17.5

222.4
19.3
9.3
133.0
15.5

229.4
19.4
9.4
135.6
16.9

69.0
4.7
2.9
45.7
3.7

70.6
4.8
3.0
47.2
3.7

71.2
4.9
3.0
47.7
3.7

343.5
31.9
17.7
202.4
26.6

351.8
32.1
18.1
207.3
27.1

357.9
32.4
18.1
210.6
27.6

948.9
61.2
10.2
34.7
47.7
12.7
56.6
315.7
65.1
132.4
43.9
58.1
10.6
8.6
13.8
46.9

942.2
59.8
10.3
34.6
46.9
13.2
56.4
310.4
63.3
132.5
43.2
57.8
10.6
8.8
13.3
48.2

948.3
60.5
10.3
34.8
47.3
13.0
57.1
311.6
63.4
134.1
44.0
58.3
10.7
8.8
13.5
48.3

276.5
13.4
5.3
4.4
22.5
5.1
7.7
106.9
38.3
65.8
6.6
15.4
1.9
2.0
1.9
8.8

273.6
13.3
5.0
4.1
21.8
4.9
7.5
105.6
37.9
64.5
6.6
15.1
2.1
2.1
1.9
9.0

273.4
13.2
4.9
4.1
22.0
4.6
7.0
106.2
37.9
64.4
6.6
14.9
2.0
2.1
1.9
9.0

1,175.9
53.3
15.3
28.2
72.0
20.4
49.8
480.6
114.6
254.6
36.7
66.3
11.5
11.7
12.3
38.5

1,172.0
55.2
15.8
28.3
73.9
20.4
49.8
480.6
115.3
252.9
36.7
65.9
11.2
11.6
12.2
38.5

1,181.4
55.2
15.8
28.9
74.0
20.5
50.2
481.2
115.6
254.3
36.9
66.6
11.4
11.6
12.1
39.0

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Hamilton-Middletown
Lima
Mansfield
Steubenville-Weirton
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

I

See footnotes at end of table.




89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

Services

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995"

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995?

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

29.0
4.5
1.4
2.0
83.1
518.4
484.9
6.0
24.8
5.4
19.4
8.2
27.0

28.5
4.4
1.3
1.9
82.0
507.2
474.8
5.2
23.1
5.2
19.4
8.3
26.1

28.7
4.5
1.4
2.0
82.8
510.7
477.8
5.3
23.6
5.4
19.6
8.3
26.4

150.8
30.3
10.2
14.9
334.2
1,317.3
1,151.6
30.1
145.4
29.4
90.4
33.0
130.5

152.3
31.9
10.1
14.2
334.6
1,340.6
1,176.4
30.2
146.8
29.3
91.9
33.0
129.2

152.0
31.5
10.1
15.6
337.7
1,342.6
1,176.8
30.5
145.9
29.4
91.2
33.5
130.6

89.0
22.9
7.4
9.9
183.2
646.7
562.2
27.4
79.2
20.8
61.0
31.3
59.6

89.3
22.5
7.6
10.2
183.0
631.5
548.0
27.2
78.9
20.4
60.9
30.2
58.9

88.4
22.5
7.6
10.4
182.5
626.6
542.7
27.5
78.5
20.4
60.8
29.9
59.3

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

144.3
3.2
44.3
29.4
25.8

147.0
3.2
45.2
29.4
26.4

149.1
3.2
45.8
29.6
26.7

737.6
28.7
160.6
140.4
160.7

747.0
28.2
163.4
141.3
159.7

752.6
29.0
164.0
142.3
161.3

544.6
14.6
79.1
66.2
112.7

562.9
14.9
84.9
66.7
118.1

560.3
14.8
83.5
66.9
117.5

14.0
2.2
5.4
1.6

14.1
2.2
5.6
1.7

14.3
2.2
5.7
1.7

80.9
13.9
24.6
12.5

83.3
14.5
26.4
12.6

83.8
14.5
26.0
12.9

66.2
9.7
13.5
11.6

68.8
10.1
14.7
12.5

65.7
10.1
13.3
11.0

273.4
12.4
6.8
49.2
69.5
63.8
17.7
4.4
2.0
3.2
16
11.7
9.9

271.9
11.9
6.5
49.1
69.5
62.8
17.2
4.2
1.9
3.1
1.6
11.5
9.4

274.1
12.0
6.5
49.6
70.2
63.1
17.2
4.2
2.0
3.1
1.7
11.6
9.5

1,346.5
83.5
44.5
218.0
311.4
206.1
123.8
24.0
19.2
18.2
12.3
87.3
60.0

1,370.0
85.1
45.2
216.9
315.4
210.1
123.9
24.3
20.1
18.8
12.5
89.6
61.0

1,378.3
86.6
46.3
220.1
316.7
211.6
124.1
24.7
20.4
18.4
12.4
90.2
61.6

740.4
40.1
18.4
100.1
145.5
134.9
73.4
16.3
10.0
10.0
6.3
44.1
29.9

761.8
48.9
19.0
103.8
143.2
135.5
74.7
18.7
10.3
10.3
6.3
48.2
32.3

744.2
40.3
18.5
101.8
144.7
136.0
71.8
16.3
10.1
10.3
6.5
44.7
31.1

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

64.6
1.0
1.7
26.7
19.8

64.8
1.1
1.7
26.0
19.7

65.6
1.1
1.7
26.5
19.8

320.1
6.2
7.8
125.1
96.5

330.7
6.4
8.3
127.5
101.1

334.6
6.3
8.5
128.0
102.2

266.8
4.1
11.7
101.1
40.4

274.8
4.2
12.1
104.9
41.8

266.4
4.1
11.8
102.4
40.9

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem

89.1
6.3
3.0
62.1
6.9

89.9
6.6
3.0
63.3
7.1

90.6
6.7
3.0
63.8
7.1

346.0
34.4
16.0
212.4
27.3

366.3
35.8
16.3
223.6
28.7

367.5
36.1
16.6
223.9
28.2

239.8
25.4
10.3
110.7
33.5

247.0
25.2
10.7
114.2
34.1

245.1
25.3
10.7
114.2
34.1

313.5
14.2
1.8
6.0
22.4
4.4
9.1
159.8
58.5
63.0
9.4
13.3
1.5
2.0
2.4
5.1

312.0
14.5
1.9
5.5
22.7
4.3
9.2
154.8
57.0
63.8
9.1
14.0
1.5
1.9
2.4
5.2

315.8
14.5
1.9
5.6
22.7
4.3
9.5
156.5
57.1
64.6
9.2
14.1
1.5
2.0
2.4
5.2

1,568.4
76.5
15.0
33.7
82.8
24.3
47.9
730.7
267.1
353.4
35.8
72.0
12.4
11.9
13.0
34.1

1,584.8
78.8
15.0
33.6
85.1
25.1
49.5
738.7
271.2
353.9
36.4
72.8
12.6
12.0
13.4
35.3

1,582.5
78.6
15.1
33.8
84.6
25.0
49.3
736.5
266.5
356.4
36.7
72.7
12.0
12.3
13.0
35.4

718.9
30.2
7.9
13.9
70.6
13.5
18.0
308.2
132.8
126.6
18.3
33.2
5.6
21.3
7.0
15.2

729.4
30.4
8.0
15.0
70.2
13.8
18.8
307.0
129.9
126.2
18.8
33.3
5.6
24.0
6.8
15.2

717.4
30.2
8.4
14.0
69.7
14.1
17.8
305.6
129.4
125.3
18.1
32.7
5.6
21.5
7.1
14.9

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Hamilton-Middletown
Lima
Mansfield
Steubenville-Weirton
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
See footnotes at end of table.

90




,

I

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

0.2
.2

441.2
489.4

435.1
481.5

438.2
483.2

1,628.4
210.6
259.6
433.8

1,637.6
207.9
261.6
442.3

1,645.1
208.1
261.3
442.6

342.1
46.5
94.1

344.4
45.7
95.7

351.1
47.4
98.0

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,434.4
216.7
185.5
307.9
502.2
574.0

2,497.3
215.8
187.0
305.8
512.4
593.9

2,500.9
215.8
185.9
307.4
509.7
595.6

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

7,765.0
49.6
86.8
479.2
147.8
72.7
91.2
59.5
144.5
1,535.7
230.5
637.1
84.2
1,710.1
87.0
56.9
81.3
103.5
118.0
93.9
39.5
596.6
38.8
48.3
69.5
33.0
88.1
54.4

8,001.2
51.1
89.5
511.1
150.1
71.3
92.7
63.3
145.7
1,582.5
238.0
652.9
84.9
1,753.3
91.2
55.6
82.4
105.7
120.3
96.1
40.4
617.1
40.2
48.5
70.9
33.1
91.5
55.4

8,032.0
50.2
88.9
508.7
149.7
71.3
92.7
61.1
146.8
1,589.4
238.3
657.0
85.3
1,761.4
91.9
55.4
82.2
105.9
119.4
96.4
40.4
619.3
39.7
48.1
71.0
32.7
91.0
55.9

(1) 1.4

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

865.1
114.6
583.7

902.3
119.3
608.3

914.0
121.1
614.5

(1) 3.1

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

264.3
30.6
91.8

265.0
29.9
93.7

266.2
30.4
93.8

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

3,036.6
35.3
74.0
43.6
95.2
626.3
910.9
496.2
135.9

3,084.3
36.1
76.0
43.0
96.9
635.1
930.6
510.4
139.0

3,103.6
36.1
76.8
43.4
97.2
640.9
939.1
513.3
140.6

Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
Spokane
Tacoma

2,329.7
1,161.6
176.6
211.7

2,370.0
1,179.9
179.4
221.8

2,392.3
1,188.3
180.2
223.1

Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Waco
Wichita Falls

1.8

O
1

(1)
()
(1)

2.5

2.6

O
1

O

(1)
(1)
(11)
()

1.9

.5

4.9

(11)
()

.5

13.5
14.0

1.9

85.0
11.8
12.8
27.6

84.1
11.9
12.6
28.6

84.3
12.1
12.7
29.1

2.6

15.9
3.2
5.3

14.4
3.0
5.3

16.1
3.3
5.7

5.0

104.8
8.3
9.0
14.5
20.1
26.3

108.7
8.6
9.2
14.8
20.3
28.6

111.7
8.6
9.4
15.0
20.6
29.2

383.6
2.1
4.4
22.3
11.8
10.8
2.7
2.8
10.0
60.4
9.4
26.1
4.3
113.1
4.0
2.0
3.5
3.9
5.2
4.6
1.7
28.5
1.6
2.4
2.3
1.8
4.1
2.1

402.3
2.1
4.5
25.4
12.4
8.9
2.7
2.5
10.1
63.5
10.1
26.8
4.5
119.6
4.7
2.0
3.7
4.0
5.5
4.9
1.8
30.9
1.6
2.1
2.3
1.8
4.5
2.1

410.7
2.1
4.6
26.2
12.4
9.0
2.7
2.6
10.4
65.3
10.5
27.6
4.6
120.3
4.7
2.0
3.6
3.9
5.5
4.9
1.8
31.4
1.6
2.2
2.2
2.0
4.6
2.2

8.2

50.5
7.2
33.4

54.6
7.9
36.6

58.1
8.5
37.8

.7

13.0
1.5
4.6

11.4
1.4
4.7

12.4
1.5
5.0

10.9

168.9
1.3
4.3
2.1
5.2
34.6
51.3
28.7
8.0

173.0
1.3
4.3
2.1
5.6
36.1
52.2
30.4
7.8

177.1
1.3
4.5
2.1
5.8
36.6
53.1
30.8
8.1

127.0
58.3
11.1
12.5

124.5
59.9
10.5
11.5

128.5
62.7
10.9
12.0

(1)
(11)
()
(1)
(11)
()

.5

()

()

163.3
1.2
.8
.9
.9
1.2

12.7
13.1

01

V)
1
156.0
1.3
.8
.9
.8
1.1

156.0
1.3
.8
.9
.8
1.1

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1) 4.5

(1) 4.3

(1) 4.4

.6
65.6

.6
66.4

.6
2.7
14.3

.6
67.1

1

.5
2.6
13.5

1

( ) 2.8

( ) 2.5

3.4
.2
1.0
12.6
.6
1.8

3.4
.2
1.0
12.7
.6
1.9

(1)

.1
1.3
1.3

8.4

(11)
()

7.9

(1) 3.2

.7

01

()

.6
.7

O

10.9

(1)
V)
(11)
()
(1)
1

.2

.5
2.6
13.4

0

2.5
3.5
.2
1.0
12.7
.6
1.9

(1)

(1) 1.4

(1) 3.2
(11)
()
(11)
()

.5
.7

()
1

.5
.8

()
3.4
.7

3.4
.7

0

.1
1.2
1.3

O
01

()
3.4
.7

0

.1
1.2
1.4

(1) 1.4

.7

12.4

(11)
(1)
()
0
(1)

(1)

.2

June
1995P

14.5
15.8

0

()
4.8

May
1995

0.2
.2

0.2
.2

(1)
(11)
()

June
1994

June
1995^

May
1995

O

.2

See footnotes at end of table.




91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick .

88.0
109.9

84.4
107.3

84.8
107.7

15.2
17.3

14.4
16.5

14.7
16.9

96.8
110.3

96.5
105.7

South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson .

378.4
19.5
26.9
127.0

372.8
19.5
26.8
124.6

373.2
19.5
26.6
124.6

70.8
11.4
11.9
17.8

71.3
11.3
12.0
18.6

72.0
11.5
12.1
18.7

373.7
52.6
57.7
102.1

376.7
52.4
58.3
104.9

43.8
4.4
12.1

46.1
4.5
12.3

46.9
4.2
12.6

15.7
2.0
5.9

16.1
2.1
6.0

16.1
2.1
6.0

86.4
14.0
25.2

87.6
13.8
25.6

543.8
46.0
53.5
50.8
65.8
99.2

538.6
44.7
53.3
51.4
65.2
100.6

537.9
44.6
53.3
51.8
64.5
100.6

136.4
8.0
7.2
12.3
51.5
33.6

136.9
7.8
6.9
12.2
52.3
34.1

138.2
7.8
6.9
12.2
52.4
34.1

565.6
52.3
41.5
78.3
130.8
138.9

587.9
52.8
41.9
77.4
133.0
145.3

1,012.1
3.6
9.3
62.5
24.6
16.9
13.4
3.9
13.9
228.0
46.7
103.0
8.1
183.7
9.6
1.6
17.3
7.8
12.9
6.5
5.4
49.2
10.0
5.6
12.3
3.2
16.5
7.6

1,023.3
3.3
9.6
66.2
24.5
16.5
13.7
3.9
13.8
229.0
48.3
106.0
8.0
186.1
9.9
1.5
17.5
8.0
13.4
6.3
5.3
49.8
10.3
5.6
12.9
3.1
16.9
7.9

1,028.0
3.3
9.5
66.7
24.7
16.6
13.7
4.0
14.0
230.0
48.5
106.4
7.9
187.7
10.0
1.4
17.2
8.0
13.0
6.4
5.3
50.1
10.3
5.6
12.9
3.1
17.0
7.9

458.8
2.5
5.7
14.7
9.1
2.7
4.0
1.4
6.6
95.9
12.1
59.2
5.0
116.9
2.7
9.3
3.9
5.5
4.1
4.2
2.6
27.9
1.8
2.1
3.3
1.5
3.5
2.7

471.5
2.4
5.7
15.4
8.8
2.6
3.9
1.3
6.8
101.9
12.5
59.9
5.1
119.7
2.8
8.7
3.9
5.4
4.2
4.2
2.4
29.1
1.7
2.2
3.2
1.5
3.7
2.7

475.5
2.4
5.6
15.5
8.8
2.7
4.0
1.3
7.0
102.6
12.6
60.2
5.0
120.4
2.9
8.7
3.9
5.4
4.2
4.2
2.5
29.5
1.7
2.2
3.2
1.5
3.6
2.7

1,879.0
13.2
24.0
100.7
34.4
14.1
24.1
13.4
34.7
387.9
56.4
162.6
18.1
400.2
19.8
17.1
20.3
29.4
35.2
24.6
9.5
148.0
9.0
12.2
17.5
9.3
19.9
12.8

1,941.9
13.6
25.0
107.1
34.8
13.7
23.7
13.6
34.7
402.3
57.0
168.0
18.5
414.6
21.6
16.0
20.5
30.5
35.2
25.7
9.8
150.6
9.3
12.5
17.6
9.1
20.8
13.0

116.3
15.7
73.2

121.2
17.1
76.3

122.5
17.3
77.2

49.5
2.2
38.7

51.2
2.2
39.4

51.8
2.1
39.7

206.1
25.9
140.9

214.3
26.8
147.4

44.0
3.6
16.1

44.7
3.5
16.4

45.0
3.7
16.3

11.6
.9
4.3

11.6
.9
4.3

11.8
1.0
4.4

63.4
6.6
22.0

63.6
6.6
21.8

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News .
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

405.6
10.0
7.8
15.5
26.3
66.9
40.2
60.4
19.4

401.5
10.7
8.1
14.8
26.4
67.5
39.8
61.8
19.6

404.8
10.7
8.0
15.0
26.4
67.9
40.2
62.3
19.8

151.5
1.2
2.3
1.2
3.5
30.0
53.3
25.2
8.7

157.7
1.2
2.3
1.3
3.5
30.6
53.3
25.9
9.1

158.9
1.2
2.3
1.4
3.6
30.8
53.6
25.9
9.1

680.4
9.0
14.7
8.9
21.1
147.5
203.8
115.7
34.8

698.5
9.2
15.4
8.7
21.3
150.9
210.2
122.2
36.6

Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett .
Spokane
Tacoma

338.6
194.1
21.3
22.0

339.9
190.7
21.9
22.9

341.3
189.2
22.1
23.0

116.9
69.9
8.6
9.7

118.3
70.3
8.4
9.9

120.1
71.4
8.5
9.8

569.9
278.7
44.8
53.7

582.8
283.3
45.5
56.5

South Dakota .
Rapid City
Sioux Falls ....
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol.
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito .
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
,
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden.
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier.
Burlington

See footnotes at end of table.

92




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Governmenl

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995*

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995"

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995^

Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick

26.0
28.1

25.3
27.8

25.3
27.9

138.5
143.5

139.2
146.5

139.1
146.1

62.0
64.3

62.4
64.4

62.2
63.8

South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson

69.9
8.6
19.5
15.0

69.5
8.5
19.0
15.4

70.1
8.6
19.1
15.5

352.2
53.1
59.3
89.5

357.3
53.3
60.8
94.1

361.3
53.6
61.2
94.3

296.6
53.6
71.5
54.8

304.0
51.0
72.1
56.1

300.2
49.9
70.9
55.0

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

18.3
1.7
9.0

19.1
1.7
9.4

19.4
1.8
9.6

89.7
13.7
26.5

89.2
12.9
27.5

91.7
13.8
27.9

69.8
7.5
10.1

69.3
7.7
9.6

68.8
7.5
10.0

109.4
13.9
5.6
11.6
26.7
33.2

110.5
14.2
5.5
11.8
26.5
34.0

111.4
14.3
5.6
11.8
26.5
34.3

610.7
53.1
39.4
83.6
135.6
169.4

633.8
53.5
40.3
80.4
137.5
174.7

635.3
53.5
39.7
80.6
138.4
175.4

358.9
35.1
29.3
56.3
71.7
73.4

376.0
34.2
29.9
57.3
77.6
76.6

367.0
33.9
29.2
56.9
73.5
74.4

443.3
1.9
4.5
27.9
4.6
1.9
3.6
2.6
6.5
131.8
8.5
30.0
5.5
99.8
3.6
2.1
2.9
4.6
4.2
3.6
1.7
41.9
2.0
1.9
3.3
1.6
5.4
2.2

445.6
1.9
4.5
29.3
4.7
1.9
3.6
2.6
6.4
131.5
8.8
30.2
5.3
99.4
3.9
2.1
2.9
4.7
4.3
3.6
1.6
42.6
2.0
1.8
3.4
1.7
5.5
2.2

447.6
1.9
4.6
29.6
4.7
1.9
3.7
2.6
6.5
131.7
8.9
30.3
5.4
99.5
3.9
2.2
3.0
4.8
4.3
3.6
1.7
43.1
2.0
1.9
3.5
1.7
5.5
2.1

2,027.8
15.8
21.5
128.6
39.0
12.2
23.1
12.6
39.2
431.8
48.5
166.1
17.6
494.1
22.0
9.7
18.8
29.0
22.9
20.7
10.5
173.1
9.4
13.1
18.8
8.2
23.9
14.5

2,095.4
16.9
21.2
135.5
39.0
12.8
23.0
12.9
40.0
448.3
50.6
170.4
17.2
505.4
22.5
9.8
18.8
29.1
23.6
21.1
10.4
181.1
10.0
12.9
19.5
8.4
25.0
14.7

2,129.9
16.4
21.8
136.2
39.0
12.7
23.1
12.6
40.4
452.8
51.0
172.6
17.7
509.7
22.8
9.8
18.9
29.2
23.8
21.3
10.5
182.5
9.6
12.8
19.6
8.4
24.9
14.7

1,397.1
9.3
16.6
121.6
23.4
12.9
20.3
22.2
30.9
185.6
48.9
85.6
25.0
235.2
25.3
12.3
11.2
23.1
32.5
17.1
7.5
126.2
5.0
10.9
10.7
6.1
14.8
11.1

1,465.2
9.6
18.2
131.3
25.1
13.8
22.1
26.0
31.3
192.5
50.7
87.3
25.7
242.9
25.8
13.0
11.7
23.8
33.1
17.6
8.5
131.1
5.3
11.3
10.8
6.1
15.1
11.4

1,430.0
9.2
16.9
125.5
24.2
13.4
21.7
23.9
30.9
188.3
49.4
86.1
25.4
239.4
25.7
12.8
11.4
23.5
32.8
17.3
8.1
128.4
5.1
10.8
10.7
5.7
14.7
11.9

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

46.0
3.4
37.8

47.5
3.3
38.1

47.8
3.3
38.4

224.7
43.9
150.0

236.4
44.5
158.7

241.3
45.5
160.9

163.6
16.3
106.6

169.2
17.5
108.6

166.6
17.0
108.1

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

12.3
2.6
4.6

12.3
2.6
4.5

12.4
2.7
4.5

74.3
7.9
26.1

74.1
7.7
26.8

75.1
7.8
27.2

45.0
7.5
14.1

46.6
7.2
15.2

44.4
7.1
14.3

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

166.8
1.2
4.1
1.4
4.3
28.8
56.9
42.9
8.8

167.7
1.2
4.0
1.4
4.5
29.1
56.0
45.1
8.9

169.2
1.2
4.2
1.4
4.6
29.5
56.4
45.5
8.8

842.6
6.8
18.0
8.3
22.4
177.1
324.9
121.0
38.6

870.6
6.9
19.4
8.7
23.6
183.2
339.8
124.8
39.8

883.2
6.9
19.7
8.8
23.3
187.3
346.0
126.5
40.5

608.4
5.8
22.8
6.2
12.4
141.4
179.9
101.6
17.6

604.4
5.6
22.5
6.0
12.0
137.7
178.8
99.5
17.2

595.2
5.6
22.5
6.0
12.0
137.0
175.8
98.4
17.4

Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
Spokane
Tacoma

126.2
76.8
10.4
8.3

122.7
73.7
10.3
11.9

123.8
74.7
10.4
12.3

600.9
310.9
50.1
57.7

624.3
325.0
51.6
59.7

628.0
327.1
50.9
59.7

446.8
172.2
30.3
47.6

454.1
176.3
31.2
49.2

454.8
177.6
31.3
49.5

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

State and area
June
1994

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

677.5
124.0
116.9
66.3
62.2

693.1
124.5
117.1
65.9
62.8

691.9
125.5
116.6
66.5
62.9

27.9
1.8
1.7
.4
1.5

27.0
1.6
1.6
.4
1.4

27.1
1.7
1.7

2,514.6
181.9
63.4
122.1
65.1
46.4
65.1
248.3
795.5
78.9
57.5
58.8

2,547.1
183.2
65.1
124.3
66.9
47.4
65.9
254.7
804.5
77.8
56.9
59.0

2,575.4
186.2
64.0
126.1
67.4
47.3
66.0
255.1
814.4
78.6
58.5
59.1

2.8

2.8

3.0

Wyoming
Casper

227.3
29.3

221.1
29.4

229.6
29.7

18.0
2.0

17.3
1.9

17.9
1.9

15.51
1.7

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon

882.6
57.4
66.2
69.5
553.1

898.2
58.2
67.2
70.6
55.9

892.8
57.8
66.8
70.6
559.5

1.0

45.7
1.5
3.2

44.0

42.3

42.4

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.

94




V)
1

(1)

V)

()

()

01

1.0

■3

1.4

(11)
()
(1)

36.9
7.2
7.1
4.0
2.4
106.8
10.3
2.7
6.6
2.8
2.0
2.8
11.5
31.0
3.0
2.3
2.5

4.01
33.3

(1)

O

(1)

1.8

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
June
1994

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
Virgin Islands

May
1995

June
1995?

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995?

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

82.1
10.2
18.2
12.9
6.6

82.9
9.8
18.1
13.1
6.4

83.6
9.9
18.2
13.6
6.3

40.2
9.3
6.9
2.8
3.5

41.1
9.3
7.1
2.6
3.7

41.2
9.4
7.1
2.7
3.6

155.0
31.0
29.4
16.7
15.4

159.5
31.1
30.2
16.4
15.7

160.1
31.3
30.3
16.6
15.8

589.6
59.4
10.7
26.8
19.0
10.3
12.1
28.6
172.4
24.7
24.2
16.7

592.5
58.5
10.1
26.2
19.7
10.4
12.2
29.2
177.9
24.9
24.7
16.2

601.1
60.1
10.2
27.0
20.0
10.5
12.3
29.8
178.5
24.9
25.3
16.3

1'16.4
6.9
3.5
8.6
2.5
1.9
3.0
7.9
38.1
2.7
2.0
3.5

119.5
6.9
3.3
8.2
2.6
1.9
2.8
7.7
39.2
2.4
2.0
3.4

118.6
6.9
3.3
8.3
2.6 I
2.0
3.0
7.6
38.9
2.6
1.9
3.4

576.4
37.3
17.3
28.8
15.1
13.1
17.3
54.8
173.7
16.9
10.1
13.8

584.0
38.6
17.6
29.9
15.4
12.9
17.8
56.4
173.1
16.8
9.8
14.3

592.4
39.1
17.3
30.0
15.6
13.2
17.8
56.9
175.1
17.0
9.9
14.5

10.0
1.6

10.1
1.7

10.2
1.8

14.2
1.6

13.9
1.6

14.2
1.6

52.4
8.2

50.8
8.1

53.2
8.2

149.7
14.8
19.0
11.5
68.1

153.8
14.8
19.2
11.5
71.0

153.3
14.6
19.1
11.6
70.5

23.6
.6
.7
2.2
18.4

23.0
.6
.7
2.0
17.8

23.5
.6
.7
2.2
18.1

174.9
12.7
10.5
12.8
115.5

175.4
13.3
10.5
12.4
115.6

173.2
13.1
10.5
12.2
114.2

2.9

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.3

2.3

10.3

10.3

10.2

See footnotes at end of table.




95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
June
1994

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
Virgin Islands
Combined with construction.
Not available.
= preliminary.

96




May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995^

June
1994

May
1995

26.0
6.7
3.9
2.4
3.0

26.5
6.7
3.9
2.5
3.0

26.5
6.7
3.9
2.5
3.0

175.3
35.3
29.7
16.5
19.7

180.6
35.9
30.0
16.2
20.6

180.3
36.1
29.9
16.5
20.3

134.1
22.5
20.0
10.6
10.1

138.3
22.6
20.9
10.9
10.0

135.2
9.1
2.2
7.9
1.9
1.6
2.5
21.1
55.5
2.3
2.2
4.4

136.8
9.3
2.2
8.9
2.0
1.6
2.9
20.6
57.9
2.1
2.1
4.5

137.9
9.5
2.2
9.1
2.0
1.6
2.9
21.0
58.3
2.1
2.2
4.6

622.4
39.2
16.1
30.2
15.7
10.5
18.3
58.2
234.0
19.8
10.6
11.2

633.9
40.0
16.9
31.3
15.9
11.3
18.0
58.5
235.2
19.4
10.0
11.2

646.4
40.5
17.0
31.3
15.9
10.9
18.0
58.9
238.5
19.6
10.5
11.4

364.9
19.7
10.9
13.3
8.0
7.0
9.1
66.2
90.8
9.5
6.1
6.8

372.9
20.3
12.2
13.1
8.4
7.3
9.3
70.0
90.1
9.4
6.0
7.0

8.1
1.1

7.9
1.1

8.1
1.1

50.2
7.5

45.8
7.6

51.0
7.7

58.9
5.6

60.6
5.8

41.1
1.5
1.6
2.0
32.9

40.9
1.6
1.5
2.0
33.4

41.2
1.5
1.5
2.0
33.5

155.3
10.2
11.0
13.2
106.0

162.0
10.1
11.2
14.2
110.4

159.8
10.1
10.9
14.3
109.1

291.4
16.1
20.2
23.8
178.4

294.5
16.2
20.4
24.3
181.1

2.2

1.9

1.9

10.3

10.4

10.2

13.9

13.3

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1994 benchmarks.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

Average overtime hours
July
1995p

Total private

34.8

35.0

34.3

34.6

34.9

Goods-producing

41.6

41.2

40.8

41.2

40.7

44.9

44.9

44.3

44.9

44.5

Mining

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

43.6
44.3
46.0

44.1
45.1
45.9

42.7
43.2
44.5

43.5
42.1
46.1

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

45.0
45.0

42.7
42.6

44.5
44.4

44.7
44.9

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

44.0
42.0
45.2

44.7
42.2
46.3

43.6
40.9
45.2

44.1
41.7
45.6

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

14
142

48.0
49.3

48.2
49.3

46.6
48.1

47.8
49.2

39.7

39.8

38.4

39.6

15
152
153
154

38.5
37.9
39.0
39.1

38.6
37.9
38.4
39.3

38.0
36.6
39.3
39.3

38.6
37.0
38.7
40.0

16
161
162

43.7
45.8
42.7

43.7
46.1
42.4

41.8
41.5
41.9

43.8
45.5
43.0

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

39.0
40.2
37.5
39.9
36.5
36.1
35.8

39.2
40.5
37.6
40.1
36.7
36.2
36.4

37.7
39.2
36.1
39.5
35.4
35.6
33.1

38.8
40.0
36.8
40.1
36.1
36.3
36.1

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

42.2
43.0
41.6
40.8
43.0
43.7
40.7
41.3
40.5
41.3
41.8
42.8
40.2
41.7
42.1
40.9

41.6
42.2
41.0
40.2
41.8
42.5
39.2
40.9
40.2
41.3
40.4
41.1
39.3
42.2
42.5
40.0

41.4
42.2
40.6
40.6
41.4
41.9
39.3
40.7
39.7
40.2
41.4
43.8
38.8
40.4
40.5
39.7

41.6
42.4
40.8
41.7
41.7
42.2
39.9
40.3
39.9
39.4
40.8
43.1
38.7
41.0
41.3
40.2

40.8
41.3
39.9

4.7
5.1
4.7
6.2
5.2
5.7
3.6
4.4
3.4
4.9
4.1
5.6
3.8
4.7
4.7
3.4

4.5
4.7
4.7
6.5
5.0
5.5
3.5
4.4
3.2
4.9
4.1
5.8
3.5
4.9
5.0
3.5

4.2
4.6
4.0
5.7
4.6
5.0
2.9
3.7
2.6
3.6
4.4
5.6
3.1
3.5
3.5
3.0

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

40.7
39.5
39.6
38.5
41.8
40.0
42.3
44.2
42.2
41.4

40.2
38.8
39.5
37.5
39.1
39.2
41.8
42.4
43.4
40.0

38.7
37.2
37.8
35.6
38.9
38.0
40.7
41.2
41.3
39.1

39.4
38.0
38.9
36.5
37.7
38.7
41.1
42.4
41.6
39.3

38.6

3.5
2.7
2.6
2.0
4.5
3.4
4.0
5.7
5.1
3.5

3.5
2.5
2.4
1.7
3.5
3.9
4.2
5.0
6.0
3.1

2.4
1.8
1.9
1.3
2.3
2.4
3.1
3.5
3.8
2.5

Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
See footnotes at end of table.

98




40.0

June
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

$11.03 $11.05 $11.38 $11.36 $11.41 $383.84 $386.75 $390.33 $393.06

Total private
Goods-producing
Mining

12.68

12.75

12.96

13.01

13.14

527.49

525.30

528.77

536.01

14.74

14.73

15.21

15.24

15.30

661.83

661.38

673.80

684.28

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

15.85
17.13
14.08

16.02
17.37
14.33

16.63
18.20
14.72

16.45
17.82
14.69

691.06
758.86
647.68

706.48
783.39
657.75

710.10
786.24
655.04

715.58
750.22
677.21

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

17.66
17.88

17.54
17.73

18.31
18.54

18.36
18.61

794.70
804.60

748.96
755.30

814.80
823.18

820.69
835.59

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

13.95
17.78
11.77

13.99
18.06
11.75

14.45
18.76
12.02

14.51
18.77
12.09

613.80
746.76
532.00

625.35
762.13
544.03

630.02
767.28
543.30

639.89
782.71
551.30

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

14
142

13.08
12.58

13.19
12.61

13.33
12.65

13.43
12.86

627.84
620.19

635.76
621.67

621.18
608.47

641.95
632.71

14.59

14.75

14.96

14.99

579.22

587.05

574.46

593.60

15
152
153
154

13.72
12.58
13.37
14.84

13.83
12.59
13.36
15.03

14.18
13.13
13.88
15.13

14.08
12.96
13.82
15.08

528.22
476.78
521.43
580.24

533.84
477.16
513.02
590.68

538.84
480.56!
545.48
594.61

543.49
479.52
534.83
603.20

16
161
162

14.40
14.50
14.35

14.56
14.86
14.40

14.55
14.65
14.50

14.75
15.02
14.61

629.28
664.10
612.75

636.27
685.05
610.56

608.19
607.98
607.55

646.05
683.41
628.23

17
171

14.95
15.22
14.01
16.25
14.96
14.90
13.06

15.11
15.38
13.91
16.46
15.15
14.93
13.36

15.35
15.68
14.10
16.61
15.28
14.84
13.12

15.37
15.64
13.90
16.73
15.31
14.92
13.32

583.05
611.84
525.38
648.38
546.04
537.89
467.55

592.31
622.89
523.02
660.05
556.01
540.47
486.30

578.70
614.66
509.01
656.10
540.91
528.30
434.27

596.36
625.60
511.52
670.87
552.69
541.60
480.85

12.03

12.04
12.62

12.28
12.83
10.01
11.53
10.21
10.57
8.80
10.05
10.27

12.30
12.85
10.10
11.84
10.24
10.58
8.91
10.11
10.29

12.40
12.92
10.20

507.67
543.09
409.34
466.34
432.15
454.04
352.87
408.04
410.67
384.50
359.48
505.47
294.67
409.08
415.11
376.28

500.86
532.56
404.67
463.91
423.02
443.70
343.39
403.27
401.20
388.22
349.061
487.45
290.43
409.34
413.10
371.20

508.39
541.43
406.41
468.12
422.69
442.88
345.84
409.04
407.72
379.09
361.84
524.29
297.21
408.04
413.51
375.17

511.68
544.84
412.08
493.73
427.01
446.48
355.51
407.43
410.57
373.91
361.49
524.10
297.22
416.15
423.74
381.10

9.88

385.84
353.92
333.43
376.15
361.57
377.60
432.31
426.97)
451.54
399.92

383.51
348.81
334.96
363.00
348.77
379.06
433.47
401.10
468.29
389.20

375.78
341.87
329.62
354.22
339.60
365.56
420.02
410.76
447.69
387.48)

385.73
353.02
341.54
366.46
340.05
378.49
428.26
425.27
451.78
390.25

Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ..,
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

172

173
174
175
176

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451

249
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

12.63
9.84
11.43
10.05
10.39
8.67
9.88
10.14
9.31

8.60
11.81
7.33
9.81

9.86
9.20
9.48
8.96
8.42
9.77
8.65
9.44
10.22
9.66

10.70
9.66

9.87
11.54

10.12
10.44
8.76
9.86
9.98

9.40
8.64

9.43

9.49

9.70
9.72

8.74
11.97
7.66
10.10
10.21

9.28

9.45

8.86
12.16
7.68
10.15
10.26
9.48

9.54
8.99
8.48
9.68
8.92
9.67

9.71
9.19
8.72
9.95
8.73
9.62
10.32
9.97

11.86
7.39

10.37
9.46
10.79
9.73

10.84
9.91

9.79
9.29
8.78
10.04

9.02
9.78
10.42
10.031
10.86
9.93

15.09

See footnotes at end of table.




99

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

Average overtime hours
July
1995 p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

44.2
48.5
42.8
43.5
42.2
43.8
42.8
41.9
40.7
46.3
47.6
44.6
47.1
43.1
43.5
41.3

43.8
46.8
43.1
44.1
42.2
41.1
42.5
41.8
40.6
46.2
47.4
45.2
46.5
42.9
42.4
42.2

43.0
46.7
43.2
44.1
42.5
41.7
43.1
41.8
41.2
44.1
45.9
43.5
43.8
42.2
42.1
39.5

43.5
45.1
43.4
44.2
42.7
41.1
43.1
42.2
40.4
45.7
47.0
43.8
46.4
42.4
42.1
41.4

43.3

6.2
9.9
4.6
5.8
3.6
4.4
3.9
4.7
4.0
8.6
9.1
6.9
9.7
5.1
4.6
4.3

6.1
7.2
4.5
5.7
3.5
3.3
4.1
4.8
4.2
8.7
8.7
7.3
9.5
5.1
4.0
5.1

5.4
7.9
4.1
5.3
3.2
3.7
4.4
4.3
4.1
7.2
7.6
6.2
7.6
4.3
3.5
3.6

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

44.7
44.8
45.0
44.4
46.0
46.6
46.7
44.9
43.1
42.4
45.0
43.5
45.7
44.8
43.4
43.1

44.4
45.3
45.7
43.6
44.7
45.4
44.7
42.5
43.1
42.2
44.6
46.4
46.3
43.0
42.4
41.6

43.9
44.1
44.2
43.5
44.8
45.1
47.1
44.2
43.0
43.1
44.4
43.3
46.9
43.8
42.0
42.2

44.0
44.0
44.2
44.0
45.3
46.1
46.3
43.8
42.4
42.2
44.8
45.6
46.8
44.2
41.8
42.1

42.6
43.1

6.6
6.5
6.7
5.5
7.8
8.8
8.7
6.0
5.2
4.9
7.1
7.0
7.2
6.8
5.4
5.7

6.5
6.8
7.0
5.6
7.2
8.3
6.7
5.5
5.1
5.0
7.2
9.2
7.3
6.2
4.7
4.5

6.0
6.3
6.6
5.6
6.8
7.5
8.4
5.5
5.4
5.6
6.2
6.7
7.3
5.8
4.3
4.5

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

42.9
45.0
44.6
42.8
42.3
43.0
41.9
41.7
42.0
42.2
42.6
41.7
42.6
41.6
41.1
43.2
43.2
43.1
44.6
42.9
46.3
42.7
41.9
41.6
42.4
41.9
40.4
42.8
43.4
42.5

42.0
44.5
44.1
41.6
42.1
40.9
41.3
41.6
40.8
42.2
43.0
41.0
42.5
41.9
41.9
42.0
42.0
42.1
42.4
42.6
42.6
42.1
41.0
40.6
41.7
40.9
39.9
42.0
42.9
41.4

42.1
42.6
42.7
41.5
41.1
41.6
39.8
38.6
40.0
41.5
42.7
40.1
42.6
40.7
41.1
43.3
42.7
44.1
44.0
43.5
45.4
41.9
40.8
40.4
41.4
41.9
41.6
41.9
43.0
40.7

42.4
42.9
42.7
42.2
42.0
42.2
41.5
39.4
42.5
42.2
43.2
40.9
43.4
41.2
41.4
43.2
42.4
44.1
43.6
42.6
44.8
42.0
41.0
40.7
41.5
41.9
41.8
42.0
42.0
40.9

41.1

5.1
6.9
6.5
4.6
4.3
4.7
4.2
4.3
4.0
4.9
5.6
4.2
4.9
4.4
4.3
5.6
5.3
5.9
6.3
5.7
7.6
4.6
4.7
4.2
5.6
4.3
2.9
4.6
4.7
4.1

4.7
7.2
6.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
4.3
4.4
3.2
5.0
5.8
4.2
5.0
4.7
4.7
5.0
4.7
5.3
4.9
5.7
4.7
4.5
4.3
3.8
5.0
4.2
3.1
4.4
4.8
3.8

4.5
5.5
5.3
3.6
3.2
3.8
2.9
2.5
2.4
4.4
5.3
2.9
5.3
3.7
4.0
5.3
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.4
6.4
4.2
4.2
3.8
4.9
3.6
3.1
4.2
4.9
3.3

See footnotes at end of table.

100




June
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

14.31
16.79
18.10
13.32
13.33
14.22
15.19
11.82
15.38
15.50
13.43
13.17
15.70
13.54
11.36
10.76

14.40
16.93
18.25
13.23
13.26
14.15
14.77
11.98
15.53
15.58
13.47
13.42
15.58
13.60
11.30
10.46

14.50
17.23
18.59
13.55
13.29
13.96
15.97
12.00
15.70
15.68
13.63
13.67
15.53
13.80J
11.39
10.80)

14.61
17.38
18.74
13.73
13.36
14.07
16.13
12.05
15.87
15.87
13.72
13.42
15.69
13.91
11.41
10.83

14.65
17.27

639.66
752.19
814.50
591.41
613.18
662.65
709.37
530.72
662.88
657.20
604.35
572.90
717.49
606.59
493.02
463.76

639.36
766.93
834.03
576.83
592.72|
642.41
660.22
509.151
669.34
657.48
600.76
622.69
721.35
584.80
479.12
435.14

636.55
759.84
821.68
589.43
595.39
629.60
752.19
530.40
675.10
675.81
605.17
591.91
728.36
604.44
478.38
455.76

642.84
764.72
828.31
604.12
605.21
648.63
746.82
527.79
672.89
669.71
614.66
611.95
734.29
614.82
476.94
455.94

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

11.90
15.40
16.46
11.93
11.20
11.93
10.56
9.77
10.90
10.97
10.98
9.33
12.34
11.20
10.11
11.77
11.01
12.62
14.40
13.79
16.68
11.23
9.84
9 86
9.82
13.80
14.34
11.08
11.30
9.75

11.86
15.61
16.66
11.85
11.10
11.86
10.61
9.85
10.82
11.02
11.12
9.37
12.32
11.29
10.06
11.75]
11.06
12.52
14.20
13.86)
16.61
11.25
9.85
9.83
9.87
14.01
14.65
11.18
11.46
9.93

12.07
15.49
16.54
12.18
11.21
12.32
10.55
9.83
10.77
11.28
11.24
9.64
12.65
11.56
10.42
11.89
11.23
12.63
14.27
13.74
16.25
11.42
10.11
10.02
10.24
13.83
14.58
11.37
11.75
10.16

12.05
15.70
16.83
12.30
11.33
12.48
10.65
9.88
10.84
11.27
11.26
9.57
12.55
11.56
10.60
11.82
11.33
12.36
14.18
13.59
16.18
11.38
10.14
9.99
10.38
13.82
14.52
11.32
11.61
10.18

12.15

510.51
693.00
734.12
510.60
473.76
512.99
442.46
407.41
457.80
462.93
467.75
389.06
525.68
465.92
415.52
508.46
475.63
543.92
642.24
591.59)
772.28
479.52
412.30
410.18
416.37
578.22
579.34]
474.221
490.42
414.38

498.12
694.65
734.71
492.96
467.31
485.07
438.19
409.76
441.46
465.04
478.16
384.17
523.60
473.05
421.51
493.50
464.52
527.09
602.08
590.44
707.59
473.63
403.85
399.10
411.58
573.01
584.54
469.56
491.63
411.10

508.15
659.87
706.26
505.47
460.73
512.51
419.89
379.44
430.80
468.12
479.95
386.56
538.89
470.49
428.26
514.84
479.52
556.98
627.88
597.69
737.75
478.50
412.49
404.81
423.94
579.48
606.53
476.40
505.25
413.51

510.92
673.53
718.64
519.06
475.86
526.66
441.98
389.27
460.70
475.59
486.43
391.41
544.67
476.27
438.84
510.62
480.39
545.08
618.25
578.93
724.86
477.96
415.74
406.59
430.77
579.06
606.94
475.44
487.62
416.36

$12.15 $12.17 $12.31 $12.35 $12.44 $537.03 $533.05 $529.33 $537.23
18.04
891.43 844.27 842.47 798.72
17.71
18.04
18.38
13.76
586.79 593.06 603.94 609.34
14.04
13.98
13.71
14.24
619.88 627.98 638.13 640.02
14.48
14.47
14.25
13.31
557.04 561.68 576.73 583.71
13.67
13.57
13.20
10.47
466.91 430.32 452.03 450.05
10.95
10.84
10.66
15.40
651.42 654.50 691.32 686.15
15.92
16.04
15.22
10.78
450.84 450.60 451.44 454.92
10.78
10.80
10.76
10.49
428.57 425.89 435.90 426.62
10.56
10.58
10.53
11.80
542.64 545.16 524.35 547.03
11.97
11.89
11.72
11.15
534.07 528.51 515.92 532.04
11.32
11.24
11.22
10.42
465.18 470.98 462.84 471.29
10.76
10.64
10.43
12.58
585.45 584.97 552.32 586.50
12.64
12.61
12.43
12.52
535.73 537.11 530.45 537.21
12.67
12.57
12.43
10.73
468.50 454.95 461.42 455.52
10.82
10.96
10.77
14.85
609.18 626.67 610.28 659.92
15.94
15.45
14.75

See footnotes at end of table.




101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
See footnotes at end of table.

102




1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

43.8
45.1
42.3
46.3
43.2
43.4
44.0
43.1
43.5
46.1
43.9
42.7
44.2
44.8
45.3
44.3
43.4
43.2
43.4
42.0
42.8
43.9
43.9
44.0
45.4
45.1
42.9
43.3
44.3
43.2
44.4

43.1
44.5
42.5
45.3
42.5
42.6
43.6
42.3
44.2
46.2
44.0
42.8
43.7
44.4
43.9
44.2
42.7
43.1
42.4
40.8
41.8
43.0
43.5
43.2
44.0
44.5
42.9
42.3
43.7
41.9
42.3

43.4
43.9
40.7
45.2
41.7
41.8
43.6
43.9
42.5
45.1
43.1
42.7
44.2
45.8
46.6
44.2
44.3
40.2
43.4
42.2
41.6
43.9
43.6
43.4
45.2
46.1
41.6
43.5
43.7
42.8
44.5

43.3
43.3
40.0
44.7
40.8
41.6
43.7
42.8
42.8
46.0
43.9
43.3
44.1
46.0
44.9
43.9
44.0
42.0
43.5
42.3
41.4
43.9
43.4
43.0
45.0
45.9
42.9
43.3
42.7
43.0
44.5

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

43.0
44.3
45.5
43.1
43.4
43.1

41.6
43.8
45.2
42.5
41.1
42.6

41.2
43.3
43.8
43.2
44.2
43.1

41.8
42.8
43.4
43.1
44.6
43.0

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

42.3
42.5
42.3
42.8
43.7
44.7
42.0
41.0
41.8
40.8
41.0
42.4
46.3
41.4
43.0
39.3
41.8
41.7
42.7
44.5
41.9
42.7
42.1
41.0
42.9
43.5
43.8

41.5
42.0
41.3
42.7
43.1
43.6
42.4
41.3
44.9
38.6
41.1
41.1
43.8
41.0
42.2
37.2
39.9
38.9
41.7
43.8
41.2
41.5
41.5
40.7
42.1
42.9
42.1

41.3
41.5
41.6
41.5
41.6
41.9
40.5
40.9
42.2
40.5
40.4
41.5
45.8
40.0
42.1
39.2
40.2
39.9
41.9
44.3
41.0
39.8
40.7
40.4
41.8
41.6
42.5

41.6
41.4
41.6
41.2
42.2
42.9
40.7
39.8
39.8
39.2
39.8
41.4
44.6
39.7
41.5
40.7
41.5
41.7
43.1
46.0
41.2
40.1
40.6
41.3
42.2
42.5
42.4

Average overtime hours
July
1995p

42.6

40.7

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

5.3
5.9
4.6
6.4
4.5
4.9
5.7
6.0
5.1
5.9
5.9
4.9
6.0
5.9
6.0
6.6
4.7
5.1
5.4
4.1
5.5
5.5
5.4
4.9
7.6
5.3
4.1
6.5
5.4
3.7
4.0

5.2
5.5
3.6
6.3
4.4
4.6
5.5
5.2
4.9
6.7
5.8
5.3
5.9
5.8
5.7
6.6
4.6
4.9
5.0
3.5
5.0
5.4
5.3
5.0
6.5
5.1
4.9
6.3
5.3
3.4
3.2

5.1
4.3
3.1
4.8
3.5
3.5
5.3
5.6
4.2
5.8
5.7
4.4
6.2
6.7
7.4
6.6
5.5
3.2
5.4
4.5
4.8
5.4
5.0
4.8
6.4
5.3
3.0
6.5
5.5
3.3
3.7

3.8
5.8
6.4
5.2
6.0
5.2

3.6
5.7
6.4
5.1
5.9
5.1

3.3
4.8
5.2
5.4
5.5
5.5

4.3
4.1
3.8
4.4
5.0
5.7
3.9
3.0
2.7
3.5
2.5
4.3
5.7
3.8
3.5
2.3
4.9
4.5
4.0
4.6
4.4
5.2
4.7
3.9
4.8
5.5
5.4

4.1
4.3
3.8
4.9
5.0
5.4
4.2
3.4
4.9
2.6
3.1
3.7
4.8
4.1
3.3
2.0
4.2
3.2
3.4
4.1
4.3
4.7
4.6
3.9
4.4
5.6
4.1

3.8
3.3
3.1
3.5
3.7
3.7
3.3
2.5
2.7
2.1
2.5
3.5
5.2
2.9
2.9
1.4
4.6
3.8
2.7
3.3
4.5
4.5
5.3
3.8
4.0
4.0
4.4

June
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1987
SIC
Code

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

Average weekly earnings
July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

$12.95 $12.94 $13.15 $13.15 $13.21 $567.21 $557.71 $570.71 $569.40
16.08
731.07 715.56 694.06 684.57
15.81
15.81
16.21
17.06
716.56 725.05 689.46 686.40
17.16
16.94
16.94
15.69
737.56 710.76 695.18 684.36
15.31
15.38
15.93
12.69
532.22 539.33 531.68 523.87
12.84
12.75
12.32
13.52
579.39 575.95 571.82 567.01
13.63
13.68
13.35
12.83
573.32 559.39 559.82 557.61
12.76
12.84
13.03
13.97
619.35 590.93 589.58 562.82
13.15
13.43
14.37
13.49
590.73 596.26 583.95 586.79
13.71
13.74
13.58
11.88
547.67 548.86 546.16 561.20
12.20
12.11
11.88
12.19
532.95 536.36 531.85 545.24
12.42
12.34
12.14
11.42
488.06 488.78 505.14 515.70
11.91
11.83
11.43
13.64
599.79 596.07 613.50 611.23
13.86
13.88
13.57
13.96
620.48 619.82 653.11 656.42
14.27
14.26
13.85
13.71
625.14 601.87 661.72 637.58
14.20
14.20
13.80
14.20
624.19 627.64 637.36 630.84
14.37
14.42
14.09
11.91
519.06 508.56 541.79 539.00
12.25
12.23
11.96
11.24
485.14 484.44 462.70 490.14
11.67
11.51
11.23
13.46
584.16 570.70 587.64 592.04
13.61
13.54
13.46
11.54
482.58 470.83 498.38 500.83
11.84
11.81
11.49
15.47
667.25 646.65 646.88 650.81
15.72
15.55
15.59
13.15
575.53 565.45 578.60 579.48
13.20
13.18
13.11
12.73
557.53 553.76 559.39 557.26
12.84
12.83
12.70
13.63
595.76 588.82 596.32 583.51
13.57
13.74
13.54
14.32
646.04 630.08 633.25 631.80
14.04
14.01
14.23
12.93
576.83 575.39 595.15 589.82
12.85
12.91
12.79
10.60
451.74 454.74 440.96 466.32
10.87
10.60
10.53
13.41
591.05 567.24 603.35 603.17
13.93
13.87
13.65
12.65
561.28 552.81 550.18 534.60
12.52
12.59
12.67
13.04
567.65 546.38 589.78 589.10
13.70J
13.78
13.14
14.10
631.37 596.43 673.73 664.83
14.94
15.14
14.22

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

12.97
11.61
11.77
12.34
13.61
12.00

12.82
11.46
11.59
12.39
13.25
12.11

13.34
11.74
11.95
12.71
14.07
12.41

13.55
11.83
12.01
12.70
13.95
12.42

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

11.53
11.24
10.78
11.73
10.85
10.12
12.35
10.76
11.47
13.45
8.45
11.28
11.75
11.24
10.48
8.41
11.79
12.40
12.35
13.88
11.32
13.29
14.39
9.73
12.88
13.96
13.52

11.56
11.26
10.76
11.77
11.01
10.20
12.68
11.03
11.64
13.68
8.73
11.28
11.84
11.35
10.46
8.41
11.30
11.61
12.35
13.89
11.41
13.59
14.61
9.71
12.76
14.28
13.37

11.55
11.33
10.62
12.10
10.98
10.32
12.47
11.31
12.12
13.73
9.08
11.44
11.97
11.33
10.70
8.47
10.80)
11.45
11.95
13.20)
11.35
13.37
14.19)
9.76
13.21
14.03
14.01

11.59
11.43
10.68
12.26
11.06
10.39
12.50
11.25
11.94
13.72
9.04
11.47
11.87
11.38
10.75
8.48
11.08
11.36
11.93
13.16
11.39
13.32
14.37
9.76
13.13
13.97
13.92

11.67

557.71
514.32
535.54
531.85
590.67
517.20

533.31
501.95
523.87
526.58
544.58
515.89

549.61
508.34
523.41
549.07
621.89
534.87

566.39
506.32
521.23
547.37
622.17
534.06

487.72
477.70
455.99
502.04
474.15
452.36
518.70
441.16
479.45
548.76
346.45
478.27
544.03
465.34
450.64
330.51
492.82
517.08
527.35
617.66
474.31
567.48
605.82
398.93
552.55
607.26
592.18

479.74
472.92
444.39
502.58
474.53
444.72
537.63
455.54
522.64
528.05
358.80
463.61
518.59
465.35
441.41
312.85
450.87
451.63
515.00
608.38
470.09
563.99
606.32
395.20
537.20
612.61
562.88

477.02
470.20
441.79
502.15
456.77
432.41
505.04
462.58
511.46
556.07
366.83
474.76
548.23
453.20
450.47
332.02
434.16
456.86
500.71
584.76
465.35
532.13
577.53
394.30 j
552.18
583.65
595.43

482.14
473.20
444.29
505.11
466.73
445.73
508.75
447.75
475.21
537.82
359.79
474.86
529.40
451.79
446.13
345.14
459.82
473.71
514.18
605.36
469.27
534.13
583.42
403.09
554.09
593.73
590.21

See footnotes at end of table.




103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts...
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

Average overtime hours
July
1995 p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

44.4
46.1
46.3
44.4
46.5
43.3
42.2
41.1
43.5
43.1
40.9
41.4
40.0
46.2
41.7
42.0
39.3
38.5

42.5
43.2
44.9
43.1
42.2
43.5
41.6
39.8
44.6
42.5
40.8
41.7
39.2
44.4
42.5
43.1
39.5
39.5

43.7
44.9
46.0
45.1
44.5
42.7
42.2
41.0
43.6
43.2
41.1
41.6
40.2
44.4
42.3
42.4
39.4
37.4

44.0
45.1
46.1
46.4
44.5
44.1
42.6
41.3
44.1
43.6
41.8
43.0
39.9
44.0
43.1
43.8
38.9
37.4

42.0
42.6

6.3
7.8
8.5
6.2
7.9
5.3
4.6
4.1
5.2
5.0
3.2
3.1
3.3
6.0
3.3
3.3
2.9
2.4

4.8
5.4
6.2
5.6
5.0
5.5
4.5
4.1
5.3
4.7
3.2
2.9
3.6
4.4
3.2
3.1
3.0
2.9

5.6
6.6
7.2
6.0
6.6
5.3
4.5
3.8
5.3
4.9
3.8
4.1
3.3
4.7
3.7
4.0
2.4
1.4

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

41.7
41.1
42.3
42.6
42.4
42.0
41.2
41.7
40.5
39.7
43.8
42.2

41.4
40.7
42.1
42.4
42.9
41.1
40.9
40.6
40.9
38.7
43.4
41.3

41.2
41.0
41.4
40.5
41.6
41.2
41.1
41.8
40.1
38.3
43.1
38.8

41.3
41.1
41.7
40.6
42.8
41.6
41.0
41.9
39.8
39.1
43.0
40.5

40.7

3.2
2.1
3.2
4.0
2.9
2.6
3.2
3.5
2.8
2.4
5.4
3.7

3.2
2.1
3.1
3.9
3.0
2.0
3.2
3.0
3.4
2.0
5.3
3.7

3.2
2.5
2.9
2.7
3.1
2.5
3.0
3.2
2.8
1.8
6.6
1.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

40.1
38.2
37.5
40.8
40.6
38.7
41.7
41.2
39.3
38.7
40.1
41.1

39.5
37.9
37.5
37.6
39.9
38.0
40.8
40.7
38.4
38.3
39.9
41.4

39.6
38.4
38.1
42.2
40.0
38.3
40.9
40.1
38.2
38.0
39.6
41.0

39.9
38.8
38.4
42.4
39.8
37.8
40.9
40.1
39.7
40.3
40.1
41.3

38.7

2.8
2.0
1.9
2.9
3.0
2.0
3.5
3.2
2.3
2.1
3.0
3.8

2.8
2.0
2.1
2.4
3.0
2.3
3.3
2.5
2.1
1.8
3.1
3.6

2.7
2.1
2.4
3.7
3.1
1.8
3.8
2.2
1.5
.9
2.8
3.3

41.1

40.8

40.3

40.5

40.1

4.3

4.3

3.8

41.1
41.5
42.7
43.8
39.9
42.2
40.1
42.5
39.8
42.4
40.3
39.3
43.9
44.8
43.5

41.6
41.4
43.0
43.3
39.7
42.7
41.4
42.7
41.0
42.1
41.6
40.8
45.0
44.9
44.5

40.7
40.8
43.4
41.4
39.1
42.0
40.1
42.3
39.5
42.7
39.8
39.0
44.0
44.4
43.5

41.2
41.1
43.1
41.7
39.7
42.9
41.5
42.4
39.7
43.8
37.6
40.1
44.8
45.0
44.3

41.3

4.8
4.6
5.2
6.0
3.8
5.0
3.9
4.7
4.4
4.7
5.0
4.0
6.2
5.8
6.0

5.4
4.8
5.6
6.0
4.0
5.2
4.3
5.1
5.9
4.4
7.1
5.2
7.2
6.4
6.7

4.4
4.5
5.7
5.2
3.6
5.0
3.8
4.9
3.5
4.3
3.5
3.3
6.2
6.5
6.0

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
See footnotes at end of table.

104




20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048

June
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts ..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1987
SIC
Code

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

$16.42 $16.41 $16.57 $16.62 $16.81 $729.05 $697.43 $724.11 $731.28
17.13
17.47 780.47 729.65 769.14 774.37
17.17
16.89
16.93
959.80 937.51 935.64 941.82
20.73 20.88 20.34 20.43
634.92 630.98 646.28 655.17
14.33
14.12
14.64
14.30
717.96 642.28 703.10 706.22
15.80
15.87
15.22
15.44
432.57 430.22 444.08 459.52
10.40
10.42
9.89
9.99
756.22 747.55 762.13 769.78
18.06
18.07
17.97
17.92

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

$17.21 $17.44 $16.93 $16.98
16.17
16.08
16.18
16.06
12.53
12.56
12.40
12.50
13.92
13.80
14.09
13.89
10.02
9.80
9.90
10.02
15.47
15.64
15.05
14.97
17.57
17.26
17.58
17.71

$748.64 $777.82 $738.15 $748.82
692.19 687.65 698.54 701.09
507.16 512.45 514.98 522.50
571.32 580.46 586.14 597.27
392.00 392.78 397.98 399.80
722.57 686.87 668.22 658.68
719.74 746.73 743.63 763.30

$10.87 $10.66 $10.82 $10.95
10.67
10.75
10.58
10.70

$427.19 $421.07 $426.31 $425.96
413.88 421.47 395.69 400.18

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

12.43
16.57
12.20
10.88
11.77
13.43
11.11
10.77
10.42
9.32
15.17
8.44

12.46
16.64
12.17
10.66
11.75
13.49
11.20
10.82
10.58
9.38
15.12
8.64

12.66
16.52
12.53
11.11
12.16
13.97
11.42
10.90
10.83
9.73
15.14
8.79

12.68
16.44
12.51
11.38
11.93
13.94
11.49
11.01
10.89
9.65
15.40
8.80

12.78

518.33
681.03
516.06
463.49
499.05
564.06
457.73
449.11
422.01
370.00
664.45
356.17

515.84
677.25
512.36
451.98
504.08
554.44
458.08
439.29
432.72
363.01
656.21
356.83

521.59
677.32
518.74
449.96
505.86
575.56
469.361
455.62
434.28
372.66
652.53
341.05

523.68
675.68
521.67
462.03
510.60
579.90
471.09
461.32
433.42
377.32
662.20
356.40

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

9.60
9.93
9.88
9.60
8.95
8.87
8.99
10.78
8.27
7.08
10.01
10.21

9.61
9.84
9.77
9.61
9.05
8.79|
9.18
10.72
8.28
7.14
9.98
10.14

9.98
10.25
10.27
10.17
9.39
9.28
9.44
11.04
8.65
7.33
10.36
10.77

9.95
10.21
10.20|
10.04
9.361
9.15
9.46
10.99
8.56
7.14
10.33
10.69

10.04

384.96
379.33
370.50
391.68
363.37
343.27
374.88
444.14
325.01
274.00
401.40
419.63

379.60
372.94
366.38
361.34
361.10
334.02
374.54
436.30
317.95
273.46
398.20
419.80

395.21
393.60
391.29
429.17
375.60
355.42
386.10
442.70
330.43
278.54
410.26
441.57

397.01
396.15
391.68
425.70
372.53
345.87
386.91
440.70
339.83
287.74
414.23
441.50

11.21

11.28

11.52

11.55

11.69

460.73

460.22

464.26

467.78

10.65
8.65
9.33
10.10
7.68
11.94
10.65
12.66
10.16
13.54
10.54
9.08
13.05
10.96
10.56

10.68
8.76
9.50
10.15
7.76
11.98
10.73
12.74
10.16
13.53
10.56
8.98
13.19
10.93
10.58

10.91
8.96
9.60
10.44
8.00
12.23
11.05
12.84
10.62
14.06
11.29
9.84
13.43
11.48
10.97

10.92
8.96
9.55
10.38
8.07
12.19
11.08
12.93
10.43
14.25
11.27
9.35
13.62
11.50
11.01

10.93

437.72
358.98
398.39
442.38
306.43
503.87
427.07
538.05
404.37
574.10
424.76
356.84
572.90
491.01
459.36

444.29
362.66
408.50
439.50
308.07
511.55
444.22
544.00
416.56
569.61
439.30
366.38
593.55
490.76
470.81

444.04
365.57
416.64
432.22
312.80
513.66
443.11
543.13
419.49
600.36
449.34
383.76
590.92
509.71
477.20

449.90
368.26
411.61
432.85
320.38
522.95
459.82
548.23
414.07
624.15
423.75
374.94
610.18
517.50
487.74

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee

20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048

See footnotes at end of table.




105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

Average overtime hours
July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

205
2051

39.8
39.4

39.3
39.1

39.6
40.0

39.8
40.3

4.5
4.7

4.6
4.6

4.0
4.4

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

40.6
40.2
44.1
46.7
40.3
38.7
44.2
43.3
45.7
43.7
39.4

39.7
40.6
45.3
45.7
41.7
39.4
43.9
43.7
47.5
43.2
41.1

38.9
39.5
40.9
44.2
41.0
38.7
42.9
41.9
44.8
41.3
39.9

38.9
40.2
39.8
44.5
40.4
39.6
44.2
42.8
46.6
41.9
40.3

4.0
3.3
4.3
6.3
4.2
2.7
5.8
6.7
8.5
7.3
4.2

4.7
3.6
4.9
7.2
2.7
3.2
6.6
6.8
9.4
6.7
5.8

3.2
3.0
3.0
5.7
2.2
2.9
5.9
5.0
7.1
5.0
4.3

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

40.2
40.8

38.0
38.4

40.1
40.7

41.6
42.6

39.3

3.2
3.5

3.5
3.9

5.0
6.1

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

42.4
42.8
42.0
43.7
40.9
41.3
42.0
40.4
40.6
40.2
42.3
44.1
44.9
42.5
43.1
42.3
42.7
39.3
43.8

41.2
41.7
40.4
43.3
39.2
40.4
39.5
40.1
39.7
39.8
41.8
43.1
43.9
41.8
41.7
41.1
41.5
38.5
42.1

40.5
41.6
40.4
42.9
39.3
39.3
37.6
37.3
39.9
39.1
40.8
40.9
41.1
39.6
41.4
40.6
40.9
38.2
41.7

40.8
42.1
40.6
42.5
39.7
39.8
40.0
37.7
40.2
38.7
40.9
41.6
42.7
39.8
41.3
40.3
40.4
38.6
42.1

39.7

5.1
6.3
4.8
6.5
3.4
3.9
4.1
3.8
3.2
1.9
5.4
6.5
6.7
5.5
6.3
5.0
5.1
3.7
5.7

4.5
5.6
4.1
5.7
2.9
3.5
3.0
3.8
3.0
2.2
4.7
5.7
5.9
5.1
5.0
4.6
4.8
3.3
4.8

4.0
5.1
3.6
6.2
2.8
3.1
2.6
2.5
3.1
2.5
4.3
4.5
4.5
4.1
4.3
4.2
4.4
2.6
4.2

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

38.0
37.1
38.1
37.2
37.7
38.1
36.4
36.6
37.4
35.8
36.2
38.6
38.5
38.8
38.2
37.3
37.6
40.3
39.8
38.4
41.4

37.3
37.5
37.6
37.3
37.4
37.8
35.9
36.8
36.5
35.7
35.6
37.6
37.6
37.6
38.5
37.6
36.5
38.6
37.2
38.4
38.6

37.0
36.9
36.7
35.8
36.7
37.0
35.8
35.7
36.4
36.4
35.5
36.9
36.9
37.1
37.0
36.3
38.2
38.5
37.6
36.8
40.0

37.2
36.9
37.0
36.8
37.2
36.5
35.9
35.3
36.3
36.2
35.9
37.1
37.0
37.2
37.7
36.6
37.4
38.8
38.7
38.0
40.4

36.3

2.2
1.3
1.8
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.5
2.7
1.4
1.5
2.5
2.5
2.7
2.4
2.3
1.7
3.6
2.7
2.6
4.4

2.0
1.2
2.0
1.3
2.2
1.8
1.7
1.1
2.6
1.6
1.6
2.3
2.2
2.5
2.4
2.2
1.4
2.6
1.5
2.8
2.0

1.7
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.3
1.7
.9
2.0
1.5
1.7
1.1
1.1
1.4
1.8
1.6
1.9
2.5
1.5
1.8
2.7

Paper and allied products
Paper mills

26
262
263

44.0
45.3
45.1

43.9
45.9
46.1

42.8
45.2
45.4

42.9
45.0
44.8

42.7

5.5
5.7
6.8

5.8
6.3
7.4

5.0
6.5
7.7

Paperboard mills
See footnotes at end of table.

106




June
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products

1987
SIC
Code

205
2051

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995 p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

$469.24 $468.46 $468.07 $472.82
462.95 462.55 472.40 483.20

$11.79 $11.92 $11.82 $11.88
11.99
11.81
11.75 11.83

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

11.86
11.86
11.29
15.70
13.40
10.80
11.29
14.93
20.36
12.34
9.63

12.09
11.83
10.64
15.94
13.19
10.75
11.48
15.10
20.50
12.26
9.45

11.82
11.98
11.29
16.39
12.84
10.89
11.57
15.22
21.05
12.36
9.78

11.67
12.18
11.45
16.28
13.28
11.10
11.67
15.31
20.86
12.60
9.83

481.52
476.77
497.89
733.19
540.02
417.96
499.02
646.47
930.45
539.26
379.42

479.97
480.30
481.99
728.46
550.02
423.55
503.97
659.87
973.75
529.63
388.40

459.80
473.21
461.76
724.44
526.44
421.44
496.35
637.72
943.04
510.47
390.22

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

20.78
23.66

20.60
23.13

21.05
24.35

21.75 $22.08
25.09

835.36
965.33

782.80
888.19

844.11 904.80
991.05 1,068.83

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

9.11
9.54
10.06
9.63
8.28
8.33
7.87
8.05
7.80
8.33
9.45
9.39
9.15
9.96
9.16
8.85
8.81
9.33
10.42

9.12
9.60
10.08
9.65
8.39
8.29
7.82
8.08
7.80
8.35
9.32
9.38
9.07
9.93
9.07
8.92
8.87
9.52
10.49

9.35
9.80
10.29
10.06
8.67
8.61
8.11
8.26
8.03
8.94
9.53
9.49
9.20
9.94
9.28
9.13
9.07
9.49
10.62

9.39
9.81
10.27
10.03
8.76
8.67
8.13
8.31
8.09
8.93
9.76
9.54
9.31
9.91
9.30
9.17
9.11
9.49
10.70

9.39

386.26
408.31
422.52
420.83
338.65
344.03
330.54
325.22
316.68
334.87
399.74
414.10
410.84
423.30
394.80
374.36
376.19
366.67
456.40

375.74
400.32
407.23
417.85
328.89
334.92
308.89
324.01
309.66
332.33
389.58
404.28
398.17
415.07
378.22
366.61
368.11
366.52
441.63

378.68
407.68
415.72
431.57
340.73
338.37
304.94
308.10
320.40
349.55
388.82
388.14
378.12
393.62
384.19
370.68
370.96
362.52
442.85

383.11
413.00
416.961
426.28
347.77
345.07
325.20
313.29
325.22
345.59
399.18
396.86
397.54
394.42
384.09
369.55
368.04
366.31
450.47

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

7.33
7.90
6.94
6.84
6.83
6.64
6.92
6.44
7.45
7.45
6.76
6.95
6.74
7.79
6.55
6.46
6.88
8.52
7.31
7.57
11.19

7.56
8.01
7.18
7.00
7.10
7.10
7.20
6.46
7.79
7.85
7.05
7.14
6.91
8.03
6.78
6.47
6.84 J 7.11
8.67
8.31
7.36
7.34
7.95
7.58
10.41 J 10.93

7.60
8.00
7.17
7.06
7.13
7.02
7.28
6.50
7.86
7.79
7.16
7.25
7.01
8.16
6.78
6.49
7.09
8.74
7.61
8.04
10.93

7.60

272.66
301.50
262.45
254.76
259.56
254.39
249.86
234.78
275.21
265.25
243.15
263.20
256.06
292.90
252.95
243.27
258.691 249.66
343.36 320.77
290.94 273.05
290.69 291.07
463.27 J 401.83

279.72
295.57
263.51
250.60
260.57
262.70
257.76
230.62
283.56
285.74
250.28
263.47
254.98
297.91
250.86
234.86
271.60
333.80
276.74
292.56
437.20

282.72
295.20
265.29
259.81
265.24
256.23
261.35
229.45
285.32
282.00
257.04
268.98
259.37
303.55
255.61
237.53
265.17
339.11
294.51
305.52
441.57

Paper and allied products
Paper mills

26
262
263

13.68
16.96
17.05

13.83
17.11
17.27

14.14
17.69
17.62

14.43

Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

Paperboard mills

7.31
8.04
6.98
6.83
6.94
6.73
6.96
6.38
7.54
7.43
6.83
7.00
6.81
7.79
6.57
6.47

14.17
17.78
17.86

278.54
293.09
264.41
254.45
257.49
252.98
251.89
235.70
278.63
266.71
244.71
268.27
259.49
302.25
250.21
240.96)

601.92
768.29
768.96

607.14
785.35
796.15

453.96
489.64
455.71
724.46
536.51
439.56
515.81
655.27
972.08
527.94
396.15

606.48 j 606.61
803.66 796.05]
810.84 789.38

See footnotes at end of table.




107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

Average overtime hours
July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

5.8
6.4
6.1
5.5
4.7
4.1
5.3
3.4

5.9
6.6
5.5
5.9
4.9
4.7
5.5
3.8

4.3
4.6
4.1
4.3
3.8
3.3
4.3
2.9

265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

44.4
45.1
44.7
44.0
42.3
42.6
42.1
41.6

43.6
44.4
43.4
43.7
42.2
43.1
42.2
41.3

42.1
42.4
41.3
42.4
41.1
41.8
41.0
40.6

42.2
42.4
41.3
42.3
41.5
41.7
41.5
40.5

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

38.4
33.2
37.2
40.5
40.0
41.1
36.7
39.9
39.5
40.1
41.2
39.7
39.3

38.3
32.7
36.5
40.0
38.9
41.3
36.8
40.0
39.8
40.0
41.6
39.7
39.7

38.0
33.0
36.3
40.7
40.1
41.3
36.8
39.3
38.9
39.9
41.4
39.3
39.2

37.8
32.8
36.9
39.4
39.0
39.7
36.2
39.2
38.9
39.9
41.6
38.7
39.0

37.9

3.0
1.3
2.6
2.9
2.4
3.5
2.0
3.8
3.6
3.9
4.0
2.2
4.0

3.2
1.2
2.4
3.5
2.0
5.2
2.2
4.1
3.9
4.0
4.4
2.7
4.3

2.9
1.3
1.9
3.3
2.6
4.1
2.3
3.5
3.3
3.7
3.5
2.6
3.7

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

43.2
44.5
43.5
44.3
45.3
43.7
41.0
40.6
41.3
42.8
40.9
40.8
44.4
45.2
46.0
45.1
45.1
43.4

43.1
44.2
43.3
44.0
44.8
43.3
40.8
40.5
41.2
42.2
40.4
41.0
43.4
45.4
45.7
45.4
45.3
43.3

43.2
45.5
45.4
44.4
44.9
45.1
41.9
41.9
40.3
40.4
39.9
40.4
42.8
45.0
45.7
44.8
44.5
42.8

43.5
45.8
45.5
44.2
44.6
45.2
42.9
42.9
40.8
41.6
40.0
40.8
43.1
44.7
45.4
44.6
44.7
43.3

43.0

5.1
5.5
5.3
6.4
7.2
5.8
3.8
3.6
3.5
4.6
3.7
2.8
5.5
6.3
8.0
5.9
5.9
5.0

5.0
5.7
5.6
6.2
6.7
6.0
3.7
3.6
3.4
3.8
3.9
2.9
5.0
6.2
8.2
5.7
5.9
5.4

4.7
5.2
5.1
6.1
6.5
5.9
3.7
3.5
2.9
2.9
3.1
2.8
3.8
6.1
6.7
6.0
5.7
4.3

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

44.0
43.2
47.3

43.8
43.2
46.5

43.2
43.3
43.6

43.7
43.2
45.8

43.9

6.3
5.1
10.4

6.2
5.1
10.1

5.6
5.1
7.7

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

42.5
44.9
41.3
42.0
43.5
42.1
42.4

41.6
43.8
39.7
41.4
43.4
41.0
41.5

41.6
45.4
39.5
42.2
43.5
41.3
41.1

41.6
44.7
39.9
42.6
43.7
41.4
41.3

40.4

4.9
6.7
2.6
4.7
5.2
4.3
4.8

4.6
6.3
1.8
5.1
6.2
4.0
4.6

4.0
6.4
1.9
4.6
5.0
3.9
3.8

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

C8.9
43.7
38.2
37.3
38.9
37.9
37.3

37.9
42.2
36.9
35.5
38.6
39.8
37.8

38.5
42.8
37.6
37.4
39.1
37.6
38.3

38.7
42.4
38.0
37.4
40.2
38.9
37.5

36.4

2.6
6.1
1.9
1.7
2.0
2.1
2.2

2.3
4.8
1.7
1.4
2.0
3.5
1.8

1.9
5.4
1.3
1.4
1.4
2.1
1.2

32.9

33.2

32.5

32.8

33.3

40.1

40.3

39.2

39.5

40.1

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
See footnotes at end of table.

108




June
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

1987
SIC
Code

265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677
27
271
272
273

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

$519.04 $514.48 $500.99 $507.24
530.83 528.80 505.41 509.65
513.16 495.19 498.49 500.14
541.20 542.75 528.30 538.06
505.91 508.93 505.94 509.21
588.31 604.26 592.72 586.72
475.73 484.46J 468.63 468.54
463.84 463.39 465.68 462.92

$11.69 $11.80 $11.90 $12.02
12.02
11.92
11.77
11.91
12.11
12.07
11.48
11.41
12.46| 12.72
12.30
12.42
12.27
12.31
11.96| 12.06
14.07
14.18
13.81
14.02
11.29
11.43
11.30
11.48
11.43
11.47
11.15
11.22
12.08
12.02
13.49
11.15
10.64
11.75
11.68
12.23
12.36
11.77
12.94
9.56
14.81

12.12
12.05
13.31
11.22
10.69
11.81
11.74
12.32
12.41
11.92
13.07
9.52
14.75

12.22
12.16
13.39
11.34
10.70
12.05
11.61
12.38
12.46
12.04
12.96
9.74
15.03

12.25 $12.37
12.12
13.60
11.69
10.77
12.71
11.60
12.39
12.46
12.11
13.04
9.64
15.00

463.87
399.06
501.83
451.58
425.60
482.93
428.66
487.98
488.22
471.98
533.13
379.53
582.03

464.20
394.04
485.82
448.80
415.84
487.75
432.03
492.80
493.92
476.80
543.71
377.94
585.58

464.36
401.28
486.06
461.54
429.07
497.67
427.25
486.53
484.69
480.40
536.54
382.78
589.18

463.05
397.54
501.84
460.59
420.03
504.59
419.92
485.69
484.69
483.19
542.46
373.07
585.00

15.16
16.86
17.26
15.34
16.98
13.78
14.88
14.84
12.61
16.13
11.79
11.11
13.02
18.18
17.93
18.36
15.55
14.25

15.53
17.46
17.86
15.87
17.75
13.84
15.09
14.94
12.71
15.66
11.77
11.66
12.92
19.04
18.88
19.22
15.22
14.44

15.52
17.29
17.43
15.91
17.60
14.01
15.12
14.95
12.70
15.72
11.88
11.54
12.94
18.98
18.88
19.15
15.48
14.47

15.72

289

15.08
16.72
17.10
15.38
17.10
13.66
14.73
14.71
12.74
16.33
11.74
11.23
13.04
18.19
17.58
18.47
15.14
13.88

651.46
744.04
743.85
681.33
774.63
596.94
603.93
597.23
526.16
698.92
480.17
458.18
578.98
822.19
808.68
833.00
682.81
602.39

653.40
745.21
747.36
674.961
760.70
596.67
607.10
601.02
519.53
680.69
476.32
455.51
565.07
825.37
819.40
833.54
704.42
617.03

670.90
794.43
810.84
704.63
796.98
624.18
632.27
625.99
512.21
632.66
469.62
471.06
552.98
856.80
862.82
861.06
677.29
618.03

675.12
791.88
793.07
703.22
784.96
633.25
648.65
641.36
518.16
653.95
475.20
470.83
557.71
848.41
857.15
854.09
691.96
626.55

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

18.87
21.02
14.28

18.94
21.07
14.38

19.18
21.29
14.43

19.15
21.30
14.69

19.39

830.28
908.06
675.44

829.57
910.22
668.67

828.58
921.86
629.15

836.86
920.16
672.80

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

10.72
18.02
7.67
10.93
11.17
10.18
10.00

10.75
17.93
7.58
11.14
11.47
10.25
10.03

10.86
17.49
8.53
10.97
11.24
10.36
10.16

10.90
17.69
8.39
10.97
11.28
10.43
10.20

11.02

455.60
809.10
316.77
459.06
485.90
428.58
424.00

447.20
785.33
300.93
461.20
497.80
420.25
416.25

451.78
794.05
336.94
462.93
488.94
427.87
417.58

453.44
790.74
334.76
467.32
492.94
431.80
421.26

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311

7.96
10.77
7.45
8.00
7.00
7.96
7.17

7.98
10.76
7.50
8.00
7.07
7.92
7.20

8.13
10.82
7.63
8.26
7.00
8.15
7.43

8.04

10.92
7.66
8.24
7.04
8.25
7.45

309.64
470.65
284.59
298.40
272.30
301.68
267.44

302.44
454.07
276.75
284.00
272.90
315.22
272.16

315.32
467.38
288.02
308.18
275.26
310.20
285.34

314.63
458.77
289.94
308.92
281.40
317.04
278.63

10.45

10.46

10.831 10.78 $10.82

343.81

347.27

351.98

353.58

13.70

13.81

14.07

549.37

556.54

551.54

556.16

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals

Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities

2731
2732
274
275
2752

2759
276
278
279
28
281

2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865

2869
287

314
3143
3144
316
317

8.19J

14.08

14.19

See footnotes at end of table.




109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

4011

46.4

48.0

45.5

44.6

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation

41
411
413

34.6
38.8
37.3

35.6
38.4
38.6

34.8
38.5
38.0

34.3
38.5
38.1

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

39.8
39.8
39.9

39.6
39.5
39.9

38.6
38.5
39.7

39.4
39.4
39.7

Water transportation:
Water transportation services

449

36.4

36.1

36.1

36.5

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

43.8

43.4

42.7

42.6

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

47
472
4724
473

37.3
35.8
35.8
39.0

37.3
35.7
35.7
38.9

37.4
36.4
36.3
38.3

37.6
36.6
36.5
38.7

Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
4813
483
484

39.6
41.2
41.4
34.6
38.9

39.9
41.7
41.9
34.5
39.0

39.5
41.0
41.0
34.6
38.7

39.7
41.3
41.4
34.7
38.9

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

42.4
42.8
42.4
42.1
42.4

42.3
42.5
42.1
42.4
42.5

41.9
42.0
41.8
41.8
42.5

42.2
42.2
41.9
42.5
42.5

38.5

38.4

38.1

38.3

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment..,
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
507
508
509

39.1
38.4
36.9
40.4
39.3
38.2
41.2
38.7
39.2
39.6
38.0

39.0
38.8
37.0
40.5
38.8
38.0
40.7
38.6
38.9
39.7
37.9

38.6
38.0
37.2
39.9
38.6
37.9
40.6
38.2
38.7
39.0
38.0

38.9
38.3
37.6
40.1
38.9
37.8
40.7
38.4
39.0
39.3
38.2

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods

51
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519

37.7
36.0
37.3
36.7
38.8
35.8
39.9
37.8
37.0
37.3

37.7
36.6
37.4
36.4
38.9
34.9
39.6
37.9
37.2
36.9

37.3
36.2
36.7
36.9
38.4
35.1
39.3
37.3
37.0
36.7

37.6
36.5
37.4
37.5
38.4
35.9
39.2
37.8
37.5
36.8

29.3

29.8

28.7

29.2

37.0
38.9
36.6
32.8
34.1

37.0
38.9
36.6
32.8
34.0

35.8
37.5
36.3
31.8
33.8

36.2
37.8
36.7
32.5
33.6

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
See footnotes at end of table.

110




52
521
523
525
526

Average overtime hours
July
1995 p

38.5

29.7

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

1987
SIC
Code

4011

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

July
1994

$16.41

$16.79 $17.26

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

$17.26

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

$761.42 $805.92 $785.33 $769.80

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation

41
411
413

10.28
10.84
13.15

10.42
10.95
13.01

10.37
11.10
12.05

10.55
11.18
12.24

355.69
420.59
490.50

370.95
420.48
502.19

360.88
427.35
457.90

361.87
430.43
466.34

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

12.53
12.71
10.17

12.49
12.67
10.23

12.84
13.04
10.36

12.77
12.95
10.40

498.69
505.86
405.78

494.60
500.47
408.18

495.62
502.04
411.29

503.14
510.23
412.88

Water transportation:
Water transportation services

449

16.98

17.43

17.51

17.36

618.07

629.22

632.11

633.64

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

20.08

19.73

20.17

20.10

879.50

856.28

861.26

856.26

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

47
472
4724
473

11.53
10.73
10.76
12.66

11.77
11.03
11.08
12.86

12.46
12.10
12.46
13.21

12.39
12.03
12.36
13.11

430.07
384.13
385.21
493.74

439.02
393.77
395.56
500.25

466.00
440.44
452.30
505.94

465.86
440.30
451.14
507.36

Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
4813
483
484

15.18
15.82
16.18
14.86
11.68

15.20
15.84
16.16
14.77
11.83

15.36
15.98
16.33
15.16|
11.96

15.40
16.06
16.44
15.03
11.92

601.13
651.78
669.85
514.16
454.35

606.48
660.53
677.10
509.57
461.37

606.72
655.18
669.53
524.54
462.85

611.38
663.28
680.62
521.54
463.69

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

17.08
17.88
16.49
20.56
12.25

17.26
18.14
16.62
20.70
12.34

17.59
18.49
17.06
21.21
12.66

17.56
18.46
17.05
21.11
12.68

724.19
765.26
699.18
865.58
519.40

730.10
770.95
699.70
877.68
524.45

737.02
776.58
713.11
886.58
538.05

741.03
779.01
714.40
897.18
538.90

11.98

12.04

12.32

12.32 $12.43

461.23

462.34

469.39

471.86

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
507
508
509

12.38
10.87
10.99
11.43
14.95
13.18
12.16
12.80
11.76
12.33
9.74

12.43
10.93
10.95
11.51
14.99
13.15
12.32
12.83
11.82
12.43
9.74

12.74
11.15
11.26
11.69
15.35
13.41
12.60
13.27
12.03
12.79
10.11

12.76
11.21
11.13
11.73
15.27
13.50
12.64
13.31
12.09
12.89
10.11

484.06
417.41
405.53
461.77
587.54
503.48
500.99
495.36
460.99
488.27
370.12

484.77
424.08
405.15
466.16
581.61
499.70
501.42
495.24
459.80
493.47
369.15

491.76
423.70
418.87
466.43
592.51
508.24
511.56
506.91
465.56
498.81
384.18

496.36
429.34
418.49
470.37
594.00
510.30
514.45
511.10
471.51
506.58
386.20

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods

51
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519

11.42
11.88
14.07
11.13
11.71
8.64
13.12
10.781
13.20J
9.52

11.50
12.03
14.36
11.14
11.72
8.64
13.25
10.91
13.20
9.58

11.71
12.14
14.60
11.57
12.14
8.93
13.23
10.96
13.23
9.70

11.69
12.22
14.70
11.46
12.05
8.92
13.29
11.03
13.30
9.65

430.53
427.68
524.81
408.47
454.35
309.31
523.49
407.48
488.40
355.10

433.55
440.30
537.06
405.50
455.91
301.54
524.70
413.49
491.04
353.50

436.78
439.47
535.82
426.93
466.18
313.44
519.94
408.81
489.51
355.99

439.54
446.03
549.78
429.75
462.72
320.23
520.97
416.93
498.75
355.12

7.46]

7.46

7.65

7.65

218.58

222.31

219.56

223.38

8.72
9.02
9.43
7.52
7.74

8.76
9.04
9.44
7.52
7.80

8.95
9.27
9.79
7.68
7.97

8.97
9.28
9.70
7.68
8.03

322.64
350.88
345.14
246.66
263.93

324.12
351.66
345.50
246.66
265.20

320.41
347.63
355.38
244.22
269.39

324.711
350.78
355.99
249.60
269.81

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores

52
521
523
525
526

7.67

See footnotes at end of table.




Ill

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores .

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

53
531
533
539

30.1
30.2
28.2
30.3

30.3
30.4
28.6
30.7

29.5
29.6
27.3
29.4

30.2
30.4
28.0
29.6

Food stores
Grocery stores .
Retail bakeries.

54
541
546

30.3
30.4
28.6

30.8
31.0
29.1

29.6
29.8
28.0

30.3
30.5
28.0

Automotive dealers and service stations .
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

55
551
553
554
559

36.0
37.3
38.2
33.0
34.4

36.1
37.1
38.4
33.6
35.2

35.3
36.7
37.0
32.3
33.9

35.8
37.1
37.6
32.6
34.4

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores .
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

26.7
29.4
24.3
28.0
26.6

26.9
29.3
24.3
28.2
27.4

25.6
28.8
23.3
26.4
25.8

26.2
29.4
23.7
27.3
26.3

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ....
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores ....
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ....

57
571
572
573
5731
5735

33.2
33.5
34.6
32.5
32.3
27.7

33.4
33.6
35.1
32.8
32.8
28.1

32.4
32.7
34.2
31.7
31.7
25.9

32.9
33.1
34.8
32.1
32.2
25.9

Eating and drinking places4 .

58

25.5

26.3

25.0

25.4

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores .
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee

59
591
593
594
596
598
599
5995
5999

30.1
28.5
32.2
28.8
34.4
37.1
31.3
32.4
32.0

30.5
28.9
32.4
29.6
34.3
37.7
31.1
33.0
32.0

29.7
28.1
30.9
27.4
33.3
37.1
33.0
32.5
32.2

29.9
28.9
31.1
28.2
33.3
37.0
31.7
32.5
32.5

35.6

35.7

35.4

35.6

Finance, insurance, and real estate5
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee .
Credit unions

60
602
6022
6021,9
606

35.1
34.9
35.4
34.6
35.8

35.2
35.1
35.7
34.8
35.8

34.9
34.7
35.0
34.5
35.6

35.3
35.1
35.5
34.8
35.8

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions .

61
614

37.3
38.0

37.2
37.9

37.3
38.0

37.6
38.2

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

36.6

36.6

35.8

35.9

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance .
Hospital and medical service plans ..
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance ...

63
631
632
6324
633

37.4
37.4
37.3
37.0
37.5

37.6
37.5
37.5
37.2
37.9

37.6
37.2
38.1
37.9
37.7

37.7
37.2
38.3
38.1
38.0

32.5

32.7

32.1

32.5

35.8

35.6

34.8

35.7

Services
Agricultural services
See footnotes at end of table.

112




07

Average overtime hours
July
1995p

36.4

32.9

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995 p

Average weekly earnings
July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

$225.75 $225.74 $221.84 $226.80
225.59 225.57 222.59 228.61
199.66 203.63 201.20 206.92
247.85 247.44 221.97 221.11

53
531
533
539

$7.50
7.47
7.08
8.18

$7.45
7.42
7.12
8.06

$7.52
7.52
7.37
7.55

$7.51
7.52
7.39
7.47

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

7.89
7.98
7.05

7.88
7.97
7.02

8.12
8.20
7.29

8.05
8.13
7.32

239.07
242.59
201.63

242.70
247.07
204.28

240.35
244.36
204.12

243.92
247.97
204.96

Automotive dealers and service stations ...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

55
551
553
554
559

10.11
12.77
8.42
6.76
10.90

10.19
12.98
8.44
6.77
11.10

10.29
12.86
8.70
6.92
11.35

10.43
13.17
8.73
6.90
11.38

363.96
476.32
321.64
223.08
374.96

367.86
481.56
324.10
227.47
390.72

363.24
471.96
321.90
223.52
384.77

373.39
488.61
328.25
224.94
391.47

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

7.13
8.59
6.74
6.92
7.39

7.10
8.53
6.74
6.89
7.34

7.47
8.87
6.99
7.39
7.67

7.47
8.95
6.96
7.45
7.58

190.37
252.55
163.78
193.76
196.57

190.99
249.93
163.78
194.30
201.12

191.23
255.46
162.87
195.10
197.89

195.71
263.13
164.95
203.39
199.35

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores ...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...

57
571
572
573
5731
5735

9.80
9.58
9.84
10.12
10.24
6.04

9.85
9.58
9.95
10.22
10.26
5.98

10.10
9.71
10.08
10.66
10.72
6.35

10.10
9.74
10.09
10.61
10.65
6.34

325.36
320.93
340.46
328.90
330.75
167.31

328.99
321.89
349.25
335.22
336.53
168.04

327.24
317.52
344.74
337.92
339.82
164.47

332.29
322.39
351.13
340.58
342.93
164.21

Eating and drinking places4

58

5.44

5.44

5.57

5.56

138.72

143.07

139.25

141.22

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee

59
591
593
594
596
598
599
5995
5999

8.16
8.38
6.85
7.49
8.98
11.11
8.34
10.51
8.60

8.17
8.43
6.89
7.46
9.04
11.19
8.39
10.54
8.62

8.43
8.83
7.10
7.78
9.01
11.42
8.51
10.86
8.97

8.45
8.86
7.05
7.75
9.11
11.43
8.62
10.74
8.95

245.62
238.83
220.57
215.71
308.91
412.18
261.04
340.52
275.20

249.19
243.63
223.24
220.82
310.07
421.86
260.93
347.82
275.84

250.37
248.12
219.39
213.17
300.03
423.68
280.83
352.95
288.83

252.66
256.05
219.26
218.55
303.36
422.91
273.25
349.05
290.88

11.67

11.72

12.24

12.21 $12.33

415.45

418.40

433.30

434.68 $448.81

9.26
8.84
8.66
8.97
9.25

9.33
8.91
8.74
9.04
9.29

9.60
9.16
8.99
9.28
9.54

9.55
9.09
8.95
9.20
9.49

325.03
308.52
306.56
310.36
331.15

328.42
312.74
312.02
314.59
332.58

335.04
317.85
314.65
320.16
339.62

337.12
319.06
317.73
320.16
339.74

Finance, insurance, and real estate5
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee ...
Credit unions

60
602
6022
6021,9
606

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions

61
614

12.30
10.00

12.39
10.00

12.42
10.22

12.47
10.17

458.79
380.00

460.91
379.00

463.27
388.36

468.87
388.49

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

15.84

16.02

17.17

17.32

579.74

586.33

614.69

621.79

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
6324
633

13.91
13.18
13.52
13.86
14.71

13.95
13.17
13.48
13.82
14.82

14.76
14.36
13.88
14.21
15.71

14.76
14.31
13.77
14.04
15.81

520.23
492.93
504.30
512.82
551.63

524.52
493.88
505.50
514.10
561.68

554.98
534.19
528.83
538.56
592.27

556.45
532.33
527.39
534.92
600.78

10.90

10.90

11.34

11.24

354.25

356.43

364.01

365.30

8.37

8.42

8.78

8.73

299.65

299.75

305.54

311.66

Services

Agricultural services

07

11.27

370.78

See footnotes at end of table.




113

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Agricultural services—Continued
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

074
078

29.3
38.3

29.8
37.9

28.7
37.3

29.6
38.2

Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

701

31.0

31.7

30.7

30.9

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

721
723
729

33.9
28.7
26.1

33.8
28.6
25.5

34.1
28.2
26.7

34.1
28.1
26.6

Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services

73
731

33.1
36.8

32.9
36.8

32.8
36.3

33.1
36.2

7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359

38.4
28.8
37.7
27.9
39.6
38.3
41.3
39.3

38.1
28.5
37.7
27.7
39.2
37.6
41.2
39.0

37.7
28.6
37.9
27.7
39.1
38.9
39.3
39.1

37.9
28.9
38.1
28.1
39.3
38.3
39.7
39.5

7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382

31.8
37.6
37.5
37.8
36.0
39.9
33.6
34.2
35.7

31.6
37.4
37.3
37.5
35.7
39.7
33.5
34.1
35.9

31.4
37.1
37.5
37.0
36.3
39.5
33.2
33.8
35.4

31.9
37.3
38.1
37.4
36.5
39.5
33.1
33.7
35.5

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes

75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
754
7542

36.7
37.1
36.6
33.6
38.7
38.0
38.2
32.1
30.1

36.9
37.4
36.9
33.9
38.7
37.8
38.1
32.4
30.7

35.6
36.2
35.9
32.8
37.7
37.0
37.4
30.5
28.2

36.4
36.9
36.7
33.3
38.3
37.5
37.9
32.0
29.8

Miscellaneous repair services

76

38.3

38.6

37.8

38.2

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Video tape rental

78
781
784

29.0
39.4
21.9

30.1
38.7
23.1

30.3
38.1
21.8

30.7
37.3
23.0

Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

79
793
799
7991
7997

27.3
24.0
27.5
18.5
29.5

28.8
24.5
29.3
18.7
30.2

26.0
24.0
25.9
18.5
28.7

27.8
24.2
28.1
18.9
29.4

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners .
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals

80
801
802
804
805
8052
806

32.8
32.2
28.3
29.7
32.2
31.5
34.6

32.9
32.3
27.9
29.9
32.8
32.3
34.8

32.5
32.0
27.7
29.7
31.9
31.2
34.4

32.7
32.2
28.0
29.7
32.3
31.5
34.6

See footnotes at end of table.

114




Average overtime hours
July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Agricultural services—Continued
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

Average weekly earnings
July
1995 p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995 p

$243.78 $250.62 $249.69 $255.74
322.49 321.01 329.73 335.78

074
078

$8.32
8.42

$8.41
8.47

$8.70
8.84

$8.64
8.79

Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

701

7.66

7.60

7.87

7.78

237.46

240.92

241.61

240.40

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

721
723
729

7.31
8.22
7.95

7.35
8.17
8.04

7.52
8.63
8.06

7.50
8.61
8.25

247.81
235.91
207.50

248.43
233.66
205.02

256.43
243.37
215.20

255.75
241.94
219.45

73
731

10.22
15.57

10.29
15.52

10.61
15.70

10.61
15.68

338.28
572.98

338.54
571.14

348.01
569.91

351.19
567.62

Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services

7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359

9.99
7.45
9.68
7.17
10.79
10.37
14.19
9.85

10.03
7.52
9.82
7.23
10.75
10.39
14.18
9.76

10.10
7.44
9.57
7.17
11.06
10.51
14.61
10.11

9.89
7.46
9.67
7.18
11.00
10.32
14.56
10.06

383.62
214.56
364.94
200.04
427.28
397.17
586.05
387.11

382.14
214.32
370.21
200.27
421.40
390.66
584.22
380.64

380.77
212.78
362.70
198.61
432.45
408.84
574.17
395.30

374.83
215.59
368.43
201.76
432.30
395.26
578.03
397.37

7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382

8.33
16.97
19.56
17.76
14.59
13.76
8.86
7.00
10.87

8.37
17.09
19.75
18.15
14.80
13.90
8.94
7.06
11.08

8.80
17.59
20.60
18.58
14.33
14.29
9.03
7.05
10.90

8.81
17.62
20.52
18.57
14.41
14.26
9.03
7.08
10.71

264.89
638.07
733.50
671.33
525.24
549.02
297.70
239.40
388.06

264.49
639.17
736.68
680.63
528.36
551.83
299.49
240.75
397.77

276.32
652.59
772.50
687.46
520.18
564.46
299.80
238.29
385.86

281.04
657.23
781.81
694.52
525.97
563.27
298.89
238.60
380.21

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes

75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
754
7542

9.52
9.33
8.43
6.89
10.62
11.15
10.68
7.09
6.14

9.53
9.33
8.44
6.96
10.63
11.18
10.66
7.08
6.22

9.90
9.70
8.66
7.31
11.02
11.55
11.05
7.36
6.35

9.88
9.60
8.60
7.24
11.04
11.48
11.10
7.40
6.32

349.38
346.14
308.54
231.50
410.99
423.70
407.98
227.59
184.81

351.66
348.94
311.44
235.94
411.38
422.60
406.15
229.39
190.95

352.44
351.14
310.89
239.77
415.45
427.35
413.27
224.48
179.07

359.63
354.24
315.62
241.09
422.83
430.50
420.69
236.80
188.34

Miscellaneous repair services

76

11.25

11.25

11.53

11.54

430.88

434.25

435.83

440.83

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Video tape rental

78
781
784

13.10
19.20
5.74

12.67
18.95
5.67

14.99
19.41
5.85

13.70
18.17
5.77

379.90
756.48
125.71

381.37
733.37
130.98

454.20
739.52
127.53

420.59
677.74
132.71

Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

79
793
799
7991
7997

8.14
6.85
7.61
8.01
7.75

7.83
6.87
7.33
7.93
7.72

8.89
6.90
8.18
8.14
8.45

8.37
6.97
7.74
8.13
8.05

222.22
164.40
209.28
148.19
228.63

225.50
168.32
214.77
148.29
233.14

231.14
165.60
211.86
150.59
242.52

232.69
168.67
217.49
153.66
236.67

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners ..
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities

80
801
802
804
805
8052
806

12.03
12.20
11.90
10.76
8.47
7.77
13.74

12.11
12.27
11.96
10.76
8.51
7.81
13.87

12.35
12.36
12.35
11.26
8.71
8.16
14.15

12.35
12.36
12.35
11.27
8.73
8.16
14.16

394.58
392.84
336.77
319.57
272.73
244.76
475.40

398.42
396.32
333.68
321.72
279.13
252.26
482.68

401.38
395.52
342.10
334.42
277.85
254.59
486.76

403.85
397.99
345.80
334.72
281.98
257.04
489.94

Hospitals
See footnotes at end of table.




115

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Health services—Continued
Home health care services

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

808

28.2

28.1

28.6

28.6

Legal services

81

34.6

34.6

34.4

34.7

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee

83
832
833
835
839

31.0
31.6
30.8
29.3
31.9
30.4

31.2
31.7
30.4
29.6
32.3
30.8

31.0
31.2
31.1
29.5
31.7
31.7

31.2
31.4
31.3
30.2
31.9
31.3

862

35.0

34.9

35.0

34.7

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services

87
871
8711
8712

8742
8743

37.0
39.2
39.3
38.4
39.3
36.0
36.0
38.6
28.6
36.2
35.9
35.0
35.8
31.8

37.0
39.1
39.1
38.8
38.8
36.2
36.2
38.8
28.7
36.6
35.7
34.6
35.6
31.7

36.8
38.6
38.7
38.1
37.6
36.3
35.8
38.8
28.4
36.2
35.9
34.7
35.5
33.9

37.1
39.0
39.1
38.5
37.8
36.3
36.0
39.2
28.9
36.2
36.4
36.2
35.5
33.1

Services, nee

89

39.1

38.8

37.4

37.3

Membership organizations:
Professional organizations

See footnotes at end of table.

116




836

8713
872
873

8731
8732
8733
874

8741

Average overtime hours
July
1995p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

$10.61

$10.71

$10.84

$10.84

July
1995 p

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

Services—Continued
Health services—Continued
Home health care services

808

Legal services

81

15.50

15.53

15.97

16.01

536.30

537.34

549.37

555.55

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee

83
832
833
835
836
839

8.06
8.61
7.84
6.76
8.24
9.45

8.08
8.60
7.83
6.69
8.30
9.31

8.31
8.81
8.21
7.02
8.48
9.76

8.29
8.79
8.14
6.97
8.46
9.92

249.86
272.08
241.47
198.07
262.86
287.28

252.10
272.62
238.03
198.02
268.09
286.75

257.61
274.87
255.33
207.09
268.82
309.39

258.65
276.01
254.78
210.49
269.87
310.50

Membership organizations:
Professional organizations

862

15.35

15.53

15.79

15.86

537.25

542.00

552.65

550.34

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services

87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8741
8742
8743

15.15
16.38
17.06
14.89
11.71
13.21
16.11
18.46
11.97
17.66
14.07
12.88
16.34
13.56

15.26
16.45
17.16
14.90
11.67
13.39
16.20
18.53
11.88
17.76
14.21
13.03
16.43
13.52

15.67
17.18
17.90|
15.44
12.36
13.98
16.36
18.79
12.30
18.15
13.08
16.81
13.82

15.54
16.96
17.67
15.24
12.21
13.94
16.19
18.70
11.82
18.14
14.37
12.95
16.75
13.86

560.55
642.10
670.46
571.78
460.20
475.56
579.96
712.56
342.34
639.29
505.11
450.80
584.97
431.21

564.62
643.20
670.96
578.12
452.80
484.72
586.44
718.96
340.96
650.02
507.30
450.84
584.91
428.58

576.66
663.15
692.73
588.26
464.74
507.47
585.69
729.05
349.32
657.03
518.40
453.88
596.76
468.50

576.53
661.44
690.90
586.74
461.54
506.02
582.84
733.04
341.60
656.67
523.07
468.79
594.63
458.77

Services, nee

89

14.48

14.57

14.87

14.76

566.17

565.32

556.14

550.55

1

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table EM 5a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and
guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing.
3
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.




14.441

$299.20 $300.95 $310.02 $310.02

4

Money payments only; tips, not included.
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1994 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1994 forward are subject to
revision.
5

117

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missiles
and Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing

For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics average
hourly earning series for production workers in aircraft
manufacturing (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space
vehicles manufacturing (SIC 3761) have been used to
escalate labor costs in contracts between aerospace
companies and their customers. Although the Bureau's
series by definition take account of traditional wage rate
changes, they do not capture "lump-sum payments to
workers in lieu of general wage increases" which were
negotiated in aerospace manufacturers' collective bargain­
ing agreements beginning in late 1983.
Because of special circumstances in the aerospace

industry, BLS has calculated average hourly earnings
series for SIC 3721 and SIC 3761 which include lump-sum
payments. These series, beginning in October 1983, the
effective date of the first aerospace bargaining agreement
using lump-sum payments, were published in the June
1988 issue ofEmployment and Earnings. Current and year
earlier data are presented in table B-15a along with the
average hourly earnings series produced as part of the
Current Employment Statistics program. An explanation
of the methodology used to derive these series appears in
the Explanatory Notes of this publication.

B-15a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing
Aircraft (SIC 3721)
Series

Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)

May
1994

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

May
1994

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

Average hourly earnings,
excluding lump-sum payments

$19.33

$19.44

$19.92

$20.00

$18.03

$18.03

$18.42

$18.46

Average hourly earnings,
including lump-sum payments

19.37

19.48

19.95

20.04

18.11

18.11

18.49

18.52

p

= preliminary.

118




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-16. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Industry

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.




June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

$11.39

$11.42

$11.69

$11.70

11.93
9.31

11.95

12.18

12.19

9.34

9.55

9.62

9.09

9.14
11.38

9.41
11.59
13.57
11.46
12.42
11.05
15.57
12.19
9.66

9.45
11.58

11.35

13.32
11.23

12.20
10.97
15.33
11.96

9.27
10.66
10.07
19.98

8.59
7.12
12.88
11.62
14.25
17.61
10.14
7.70

13.42
11.23
12.21
11.01
15.53
12.00
9.29
10.71
10.03
19.70

8.65
7.12

11.00
10.35
19.80
8.91

12.97
11.63
14.33
17.69

7.39
13.39
11.77
14.73
18.00

10.19
7.75

10.35
7.98

13.66
11.44

12.43
11.07
15.63

12.20
9.62
11.01
10.31
20.01

8.93
7.42
13.38
11.83
14.68
17.96
10.40

7.91

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1994 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1994 forward are
subject to revision.

119

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-17. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
Average hourly earnings
Industry

Average weekly earnings

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

July
1995p

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars .

$11.03
7.35

$11.05
7.34

$11.38
7.37

$11.36
7.34

$11.41

$383.84 $386.75 $390.33 $393.06
255.72 256.98 252.80 254.08

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars .

14.74
9.82

14.73
9.79

15.21
9.85

15.24
9.85

$15.30

661.83
440.93

661.38
439.46

673.80
436.40

684.28
442.33

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars .

14.59
9.72

14.75
9.80

14.96
9.69

14.99
9.69

$15.09

579.22
385.89

587.05
390.07

574.46
372.06

593.60
383.71

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars .

12.03
8.01

12.04
8.00

12.28
7.95

12.30
7.95

$12.40

507.67
338.22

500.86
332.80

508.39
329.27

511.68
330.76

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

13.70
9.13

13.81
9.18

14.07
9.11

14.08
9.10

$14.19

549.37
366.00

556.54
369.79

551.54
357.22

556.16
359.51

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars ,

11.98
7.98

12.04
8.00

12.32
7.98

12.32
7.96

$12.43

461.23
307.28

462.34
307.20

469.39
304.01

471.86
305.02

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars ,

7.46
4.97

7.46
4.96

7.65
4.95

7.65
4.95

$7.67

218.58
145.62

222.31
147.71

219.56
142.20

223.38
144.40

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

11.67
7.77

11.72
7.79

12.24
7.93

12.21
7.89

$12.33

415.45
276.78

418.40
278.01

433.30
280.63

434.68
280.98

Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

10.90
7.26

10.90
7.24

11.34
7.34

11.24
7.27

$11.27

354.25
236.01

356.43
236.83

364.01
235.76

365.30
236.13

1
Data relate to production workers In mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.

120




(2)

(2)
(2)

(2)

(2)
(2)

(2)

(2)

June
1994

July
1994

May
1995

June
1995p

NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1994 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1994 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995"

Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile

42.2
42.3
42.0

40.9
42.4
41.0

Alaska

40.4

Arizona

42.4

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

41.6
42.2
43.5

$10.75
11.54
13.00

$11.07
11.92
12.94

43.4

40.0

11.87

41.4

41.3

Average weekly earnings
June
1994

May
1995

$11.13
11.91
13.12

$453.65
488.14
546.00

$452.76
505.41
530.54

11.91

12.15

479.55

516.89

11.24

11.24

11.30

476.58

465.34

9.99
9.50
9.87
10.64
10.84

10.10
9.43
9.93
10.78
10.97

411.94
398.16
418.28
453.41
478.03

407.59
378.10
417.50
443.69
436.85

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

42.6
42.0
43.3
43.1
43.3

40.8
39.8
42.3
41.7
40.3

41.5
41.1
42.7
42.1
40.2

9.67
9.48
9.66
10.52
11.04

California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura

41.4
40.0
41.0
42.0
40.6
42.3
41.3
41.4
40.2
38.6
40.5
39.6
41.0
41.9
39.7
41.5
39.0
41.2

41.3
40.6
42.0
41.7
40.2
41.7
41.8
41.1
40.7
38.7
39.9
39.8
41.8
40.1
39.2
41.4
39.0
41.0

41.2
42.7
41.3
41.6
39.9
41.9
41.7
41.1
40.7
39.6
40.4
40.1
41.6
41.9
39.1
41.0
40.2
41.4

12.44
12.88
10.79
11.72
12.20
15.42
12.56
11.33
13.16
12.88
12.42
13.68
15.01
12.83
13.77
12.47
14.31
11.84

12.53
12.97
10.80
11.79
12.53
15.47
12.54
11.37
13.50
13.47
12.53
14.01
15.20
12.71
14.09
12.40
14.84
12.00

12.59
12.91
10.82
11.84
12.55
15.49
12.62
11.39
13.57
13.25
12.48
14.07
15.33
12.32
14.18
12.51
14.61
11.97

515.02
515.20
442.39
492.24
495.32
652.27
518.73
469.06
529.03
497.17
503.01
541.73
615.41
537.58
546.67
517.51
558.09
487.81

517.49
526.58
453.60
491.64
503.71
645.10
524.17
467.31
549.45
521.29
499.95
557.60
635.36
509.67
552.33
513.36
578.76
492.00

Colorado
Denver

41.1
41.7

40.6
40.7

41.0
42.2

12.29
12.68

12.60
12.70

12.68
12.88

505.12
528.76

511.56
516.89

Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
New London-Norwich
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury

43.1
42.5
43.1
43.5
42.5
43.2
42.2
44.5

42.8
42.7
43.3
43.1
41.4
43.7
40.9
43.5

42.8
42.5
43.1
43.4
41.2
43.4
41.2
43.4

13.46
13.86
13.05
14.08
12.80
14.15
12.88
12.02

13.60
13.95
13.20
13.83
12.87
14.18
13.39
12.67

13.62
14.12
13.30
13.82
12.88
14.15
13.28
12.73

580.13
589.05
562.46
612.48
544.00
611.28
543.54
534.89

582.08
595.67
571.56
596.07
532.82
619.67
547.65
551.15

Delaware
Wilmington-Newark

43.7
44.9

39.8
40.2

41.3
42.2

13.98
16.45

13.93
16.17

13.48
16.14

610.93
738.61

554.41
650.03

13.25

13.76

13.57

528.68

535.26

41.3

40.9

41.6

9.97

10.04

10.03

411.76

410.64

42.7
42.2
47.5

42.4
42.2
44.4

43.0
43.6
46.0

10.30
11.42
13.45

10.54
11.45
13.73

10.70
11.74
14.01

439.81
481.92
638.88

446.90
483.19
609.61

37.8
37.7

37.1
39.4

37.5
39.9

12.24
12.59

12.96
13.26

12.95
13.39

462.67
474.64

480.82
522.44

District of Columbia:
Washington PMSA
Florida
Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah
Hawaii

39.9

Honolulu
39.6

38.9

39.7

11.89

11.52

11.61

470.84

448.13

42.2
43.5
40.9
42.1
42.4
44.0
42.5
41.6
41.5
39.8

41.2
43.6
41.5
41.5
42.4
42.5
42.2
40.6
42.1
40.4

41.4
43.0
41.5
41.5
42.3
43.6
42.0
40.7
41.6
40.2

12.25
16.50
10.44
12.18
13.95
15.22
13.20
15.17
13.51
11.81

12.59
16.95
10.68
12.55
14.45
14.92
13.80
15.09
14.02
11.85

12.65
17.04
10.71
12.58
14.51
14.93
13.87
15.22
13.93
11.98

516.95
717.75
427.00
512.78
591.48
669.68
561.00
631.07
560.67
470.04

518.71
739.02
443.22
520.83
612.68
634.10
582.36
612.65
590.24
478.74

42.9
39.3
41.1
45.2
42.4

41.9
38.1
38.6
42.6
42.2

41.9
38.6
39.2
42.9
41.3

13.44
12.18
11.23
13.14
13.67

13.77
10.93
11.05
13.38
13.39

13.73
10.89
11.23
13.26
13.31

576.58
478.67
461.55
593.93
579.61

576.96
416.43
426.53
569.99
565.06

Idaho
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne

See footnotes at end of table.




121

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

Indiana-Continued
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

38.6
43.8
48.3
43.2
46.0
41.9
43.9

38.9
43.6
44.9
42.9
42.6
41.9
43.3

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City

42.5
40.8
41.8
42.0
40.5

Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

36.7
43.0
45.0
43.1
44.7
41.9
44.9

$17.53
14.86
19.01
14.92
14.58
11.87
13.63

$18.37
14.91
19.67
13.92
14.64
12.57
13.89

41.7
40.3
41.3
41.3
40.9

41.6
40.2
41.4
42.5
39.7

12.43
15.13
12.83
13.01
10.13

41.8
41.7
41.2

41.3
40.7
41.5

41.3
40.1
41.4

Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville

41.9
44.5
41.8

41.4
42.5
42.2

Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City

43.6
43.2
44.1
44.3

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Average weekly earnings
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995?

$19.54
14.88
19.77
14.07
14.77
12.46
13.66

$676.66
650.87
918.18
644.54
670.68
497.35
598.36

$714.59
650.08
883.18
597.17
623.66
526.68
601.44

$717.12
639.84
889.65
606.42
660.22
522.07
613.33

12.62
15.22
12.74
13.48
10.76

12.55
15.23
12.85
13.21
10.53

528.28
617.30
536.29
546.42
410.27

526.25
613.37
526.16
556.72
440.08

522.08
612.25
531.99
561.43
418.04

12.07
14.14
13.77

12.45
14.40
14.32

12.43
14.53
14.31

504.53
589.64
567.32

514.19
586.08
594.28

513.36
582.65
592.43

41.2
42.7
42.2

11.75
12.95
13.62

12.29
13.32
14.10

12.29
13.31
14.03

492.33
576.28
569.32

508.81
566.10
595.02

506.35
568.34
592.07

42.0
43.1
41.1
41.8

42.8
43.6
43.4
42.9

13.06
15.60
13.46
13.76

13.43
15.68
14.20
14.13

13.45
16.07
14.05
14.15

569.42
673.92
593.59
609.57

564.06
675.81
583.62
590.63

575.66
700.65
609.77
607.04

40.1
39.3
39.7

39.7
38.3
37.7

39.9
38.7
37.9

11.96
10.11
10.61

12.31
10.06
11.15

12.27
10.06
11.13

479.60
397.32
421.22

488.71
385.30
420.36

489.57
389.32
421.83

Maryland
Baltimore PMSA

41.7
42.1

41.1
41.8

41.3
41.7

13.02
13.61

13.34
13.76

13.38
13.90

542.93
572.98

548.27
575.17

552.59
579.63

Massachusetts
Boston
Springfield
Worcester

41.9
41.5
41.7
41.7

41.8
41.3
41.7
42.1

41.9
41.1
41.8
42.3

12.55
13.30
12.15
11.95

12.69
13.48
12.37
12.37

12.67
13.53
12.40
12.37

525.85
551.95
506.66
498.32

530.44
556.72
515.83
520.78

530.87
556.08
518.32
523.25

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

44.6
45.1
46.0
48.4
42.6
42.7
44.5
45.8
46.5

44.5
44.3
45.3
48.1
41.7
41.9
43.0
44.8
47.1

44.5
44.2
44.9
48.4
42.0
41.8
43.3
45.3
46.9

16.10
16.50
17.18
22.03
13.26
11.65
15.09
18.03
18.18

16.23
16.58
17.40
21.56
13.65
12.34
14.78
17.92
18.41

16.29
16.71
17.53
21.65
13.53
12.36
15.25
18.02
18.41

718.06
744.15
790.28
1066.25
564.88
497.45
671.50
825.77
845.37

722.23
734.49
788.22
1037.04
569.20
517.05
635.54
802.82
867.11

724.90
738.58
787.10
1047.86
568.26
516.65
660.32
816.31
863.43

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud

41.4
39.9
41.7
40.7

41.4
38.8
41.0
39.3

41.5
40.2
41.1
39.9

12.59
11.85
13.32
11.20

12.75
12.02
13.62
12.10

12.83
11.77
13.65
11.78

521.23
472.82
555.44
455.84

527.85
466.38
558.42
475.53

532.45
473.15
561.02
470.02

Mississippi
Jackson

42.1
41.3

40.1
40.2

40.8
40.4

9.41
10.12

9.66
10.43

9.67
10.46

396.16
417.96

387.37
419.29

394.54
422.58

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

42.3
43.3
42.8
41.3

41.3
42.7
44.4
40.8

41.5
42.5
43.9
40.5

11.59
13.71
13.51
10.09

12.10
13.95
14.19
10.17

12.12
13.96
14.12
10.24

490.26
593.64
578.23
416.72

499.73
595.67
630.04
414.94

502.98
593.30
619.87
414.72

Montana

39.1

39.6

39.7

12.46

12.73

12.89

487.19

504.11

511.73

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

42.5
42.3
41.0

41.4
41.3
40.4

42.0
41.4
41.6

10.84
12.19
11.52

11.12
12.41
12.03

11.15
12.39
12.01

460.70
515.64
472.32

460.37
512.53
486.01

468.30
512.95
499.62

Nevada
Las Vegas

42.2
40.6

41.0
39.2

41.3
41.0

11.51
13.13

12.79
14.81

12.82
15.26

485.72
533.08

524.39
580.55

529.47
625.66

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester

41.7
42.6
40.1
39.5

41.2
41.4
40.3
37.9

41.5
42.1
41.0
40.4

11.70
11.77
15.34
11.16

11.80
11.79
14.44
11.89

11.98
12.01
14.54
12.14

487.89
501.40
615.13
440.82

486.16
488.11
581.93
450.63

497.17
505.62
596.14
490.46

See footnotes at end of table.

122




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

42.1

$13.30

$13.52

40.0
40.1

40.1
40.3

10.04
10.38

41.2
40.5
45.4
43.4
40.2
42.6
40.1
38.7
38.1
42.7
43.4
44.1
44.0
41.6
42.5

40.8
40.0
41.7
43.8
38.8
42.2
39.7
38.4
38.0
41.0
42.8
43.4
43.2
40.2
40.9

40.9
41.0
41.5
43.6
40.7
43.4
39.5
38.2
37.8
40.2
42.6
42.7
43.7
40.8
41.2

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

41.7
41.8
41.9
40.9
41.8

40.1
40.5
40.4
39.6
41.6

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead

43.3
43.8

Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Hamilton-Middletown
Lima
Mansfield
Steubenville-Weirton
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

New Jersey

42.3

41.8

New Mexico
Albuquerque

41.2
41.3

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

Average weekly earnings
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995^

$13.50

$562.59

$565.14

$568.35

10.82
11.10

10.79
11.03

413.65
428.69

432.80
445.11

432.68
444.51

12.15
13.52
9.73
15.21
11.44
11.21
11.45
10.99
10.67
10.72
13.90
13.84
12.97
10.97
12.56

12.44
14.04
10.26
15.72
11.55
11.54
11.68
11.17
10.87
10.58
14.25
14.27
13.41
11.15
12.60

12.43
13.99
10.17
15.76
11.39
11.56
11.54
11.22
10.93
10.48
14.33
14.23
13.27
11.20
12.56

500.58
547.56
441.74
660.11
459.89
477.55
459.15
425.31
406.53
457.74
603.26
610.34
570.68
456.35
533.80

507.55
561.60
427.84
688.54
448.14
486.99
463.70
428.93
413.06
433.78
609.90
619.32
579.31
448.23
515.34

508.39
573.59
422.06
687.14
463.57
501.70
455.83
428.60
413.15
421.30
610.46
607.62
579.90
456.96
517.47

40.5
41.1
40.5
40.0
41.9

10.18
10.03
10.81
10.70
10.92

10.53
10.01
11.11
10.89
11.26

10.56
10.02
11.12
10.99
11.28

424.51
419.25
452.94
437.63
456.46

422.25
405.41
448.84
431.24
468.42

427.68
411.82
450.36
439.60
472.63

41.4
40.3

41.5
41.2

10.29
9.68

10.75
10.10

10.47
10.06

445.56
423.98

445.05
407.03

434.51
414.47

43.7
43.9
42.1
43.5
43.8
42.1
45.7
46.4
43.4
44.1
42.5
44.2
45.1

43.4
43.0
41.9
43.5
43.6
42.8
44.9
44.5
44.5
44.0
45.0
44.0
44.6

43.4
42.4
41.7
43.7
43.6
42.4
44.6
44.7
44.5
43.7
45.2
44.0
44.1

14.44
12.40
12.54
13.21
14.24
13.35
16.02
15.90
15.43
14.92
16.33
15.36
17.18

14.35
12.01
12.89
13.75
14.04
13.20
15.77
16.30
15.41
14.64
16.89
16.09
15.76

14.38
11.88
12.68
13.81
14.05
13.19
15.95
16.46
15.56
14.71
17.21
16.25
15.73

631.03
544.36
527.93
574.64
623.71
562.04
732.11
737.76
669.66
657.97
694.03
678.91
774.82

622.79
516.43
540.09
598.13
612.14
564.96
708.07
725.35
685.75
644.16
760.05
707.96
702.90

624.09
503.71
528.76
603.50
612.58
559.26
711.37
735.76
692.42
642.83
777.89
715.00
693.69

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

43.1
43.5
42.6

41.6
41.8
41.7

41.8
42.3
40.7

11.54
13.07
12.08

11.46
12.52
12.00

11.51
12.61
11.85

497.37
568.55
514.61

476.74
523.34
500.40

481.12
533.40
482.30

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem

40.5
40.1
41.4
40.9
38.1

40.1
39.6
40.6
40.9
38.5

40.0
40.4
40.8
40.9
38.4

12.20
12.44
11.61
12.68
10.34

12.70
12.52
11.86
12.81
11.21

12.63
12.71
12.11
12.72
10.83

494.10
498.84
480.65
518.61
393.95

509.27
495.79
481.52
523.93
431.59

505.20
513.48
494.09
520.25
415.87

Pennsylvania
A!lentown-Bethlehem-Ea8ton
Altoona
Erie
Harri8burg-Lebanon-Carli8le
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Sharon
State College
William8port
York

41.7
40.1
42.3
44.3
40.5
40.7
40.8
41.4
42.7
42.4
40.1
44.8
40.8
42.7
42.5

41.2
40.3
39.6
43.1
40.0
40.6
39.7
41.1
42.7
41.5
39.7
41.7
41.5
41.1
42.1

41.3
40.0
40.3
43.0
40.4
41.0
39.8
41.3
42.9
41.4
39.6
40.6
41.7
41.4
42.0

12.41
11.91
10.87
13.15
11.83
9.43
12.34
13.50
13.58
12.88
11.18
12.77
10.38
10.86
12.53

12.70
12.30
10.64
12.60
12.14
9.46
12.67
13.62
14.16
13.28
11.17
12.91
10.77
10.82
12.60

12.75
12.40
10.68
12.50
12.41
9.52
12.69
13.71
14.10
13.34
11.16
12.97
10.91
10.62
12.78

517.50
477.59
459.80
582.55
479.12
383.80
503.47
556.90
579.87
546.11
448.32
572.10
423.50
463.72
532.53

523.24
495.69
421.34
543.06
485.60
384.08
503.00
559.78
604.63
551.12
443.45
538.35
446.96
444.70
530.46

526.58
496.00
430.40
537.50
501.36
390.32
505.06
566.22
604.89
552.28
441.94
526.58
454.95
439.67
536.76

See footnotes at end of table.




123

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—-Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Rhode Island

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

Average hourly earnings
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

Average weekly earnings
June
1994

May
1995

41.6
40.6

40.5
40.2

41.0
40.6

$10.25
10.54

$10.60
10.71

$10.57
10.64

$426.40
427.92

$429.30
430.54

42.0

41.8

41.9

9.99

10.13

10.13

419.58

423.43

41.8
40.9
41.7

41.3
41.4
43.6

40.8
40.1
42.4

9.02
9.51
9.89

9.56
9.55
10.01

9.51
9.52
9.91

377.04
388.96
412.41

394.83
395.37
436.44

41.2
42.2
37.9
39.3
41.5
40.9

40.4
39.6
39.5
38.3
40.0
41.0

40.4
39.8
39.7
38.4
40.1
41.4

10.53
9.94
10.96
10.27
10.82
11.49

10.65
10.88
10.71
10.81
11.19
11.47

10.76
10.70
10.85
10.97
11.22
11.39

433.84
419.47
415.38
403.61
449.03
469.94

430.26
430.85
423.05
414.02
447.60
470.27

Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio

43.4
43.3
42.8
44.4
42.4

42.7
42.7
42.7
44.0
42.4

42.9
43.5
43.0
43.9
42.8

11.13
10.94
12.54
13.46
8.90

11.35
11.16
12.30
13.94
9.30

11.37
11.12
12.36
13.78
9.31

483.04
473.70
536.71
597.62
377.36

484.65
476.53
525.21
613.36
394.32

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden

40.6
41.2

39.4
40.5

39.8
40.8

11.19
11.42

11.54
11.92

11.43
11.85

454.31
470.50

454.68
482.76

Vermont
Burlington

40.6
36.7

40.1
36.3

40.4
37.6

11.87
11.68

12.13
11.64

12.21
11.69

481.92
428.66

486.41
422.53

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
R ichmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

42.1
45.0
37.3
44.8
42.9
41.7
43.5
42.1

41.4
41.9
40.0
42.9
38.3
41.0
42.7
41.2

42.1
40.6
41.2
41.4
43.6
41.2
42.9
42.1

11.19
10.54
10.01
11.27
10.85
11.89
14.51
12.21

11.71
10.14
10.05
11.58
11.47
12.27
14.78
12.52

11.66
9.87
10.03
11.28
11.24
12.16
15.01
12.40

471.10
474.30
373.37
504.90
465.47
495.81
631.19
514.04

484.79
424.87
402.00
496.78
439.30
503.07
631.11
515.82

Washington

40.5

41.3

41.0

14.32

14.44

14.53

579.96

596.37

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

41.1
47.9
43.4
42.4
40.7

42.3
47.0
41.3
44.8
40.4

42.1
47.4
42.3
42.3
41.8

12.57
14.46
14.69
15.16
15.05

12.55
14.23
14.41
15.70
15.17

12.51
14.13
14.24
15.29
15.80

516.63
692.63
637.55
642.78
612.54

530.87
668.81
595.13
703.36
612.87

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

42.6
43.7
45.9
42.5
46.4
40.7
42.7
41.6
41.7
41.3
42.1
43.1

41.9
43.2
46.3
44.1
45.4
40.7
39.5
39.6
41.8
39.6
41.5
44.4

41.8
43.7
46.0
43.7
45.6
41.0
40.0
39.0
41.2
39.6
41.3
45.2

12.31
13.40
12.76
13.04
16.49
13.26
10.11
11.57
13.28
12.80
12.57
11.72

12.72
13.91
13.24
13.86
16.66
13.82
10.33
12.08
13.79
12.96
12.55
12.05

12.58
13.53
12.94
13.67
16.57
13.68
10.57
11.78
13.57
12.98
12.39
12.02

524.41
585.58
585.68
554.20
765.14
539.68
431.70
481.31
553.78
528.64
529.20
505.13

532.97
600.91
613.01
611.23
756.36
562.47
408.04
478.37
576.42
513.22
520.83
535.02

Wyoming

39.9

38.3

39.2

11.92

11.88

12.01

475.61

455.00

Puerto Rico

40.0

39.5

40.2

7.15

7.36

7.39

286.00

290.72

Virgin Islands

42.2

41.6

41.5

15.18

15.66

15.67

640.60

651.46

Providence-Fall River-Warwick
South Carolina
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

124




publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1994
benchmarks.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1
(Numbers in thousands)
Census region and
division

1994
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

1995
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May.

June

July

NORTHEAST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

39,553 39,560 39,565 39,574 39,580 39,580 39,572 39,571 39,566 39,596 39,592 39,596
25,528 25,410 25,335 25,313 25,250 25,3561 25,290 25,400 25,458 25,541 25,293 25,244
23,859 23,786 23,771 23,743 23,707 23,897 23,756 23,900 23,927 23,972 23,806 23,736
1,564
1,624
1,543
1,534
1,500
1,487
1,570
1,669
1,459
1,508
1,531
1,570
6.2
6.5
6.4
6.1
5.8
6.1
5.9
6.0
6.0
6.1
5.9
6.2

New England
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

10,233 10,236
7,002 6,959
6,573 6,535
429
424
6.1
6.1

10,237
6,951
6,573
378
5.4

10,240 10,242
6,945 6,988
6,543 6,589
398
402
5.7
5.8

10,241
7,000
6,623
377
5.4

10,239 10,241 10,240
7,050
7,069
6,999
6,661
6,621
6,651
400
408
378
5.7
5.4
5.8

10,217 10,215
6,984 6,859
6,598
6,504
386
355
5.2
5.5

10,217
6,822
6,444
378
5.5

Middle Atlantic
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

29,320 29,324 29,328 29,334 29,338 29,339 29,333 29,330 29,326 29,379 29,377 29,379
18,526 18,452 18,384 18,369 18,263 18,357 18,239 18,331 18,458 18,557 18,434 18,422
17,286 17,252 17,198 17,201 17,118 17,275 17,105 17,239 17,306 17,374 17,302 17,292
1,186
1,240
1,200
1,082
1,135
1,145
1,092
1,152
1,183
1,168
1,130
1,133
6.5
6.7
6.5
5.9
6.3
6.4
6.4
6.2
6.1
6.0
6.2
6.1

SOUTH
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

68,648 68,736 68,830 68,923 69,011 69,092 69,160 69,233 69,302 69,334 69,413 69,499
45,208 45,332 45,535 45,714 45,976 45,847 45,868 45,640 45,883 45,834 45,744 45,758
42,556 42,726 42,930 43,105 43,428 43,368 43,424 43,427 43,593 43,323 43,281 43,194
2,652 2,606 2,605
2,548
2,609
2,479
2,445 2,213
2,290
2,463 2,564
2,512
5.7
5.5
5,9
5.7
5.4
5.7
5.4
5.3
5.6
4.8
5.0
5.5

South Atlantic
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

35,524 35,570 35,616 35,665 35,712 35,754 35,789 35,827 35,862 35,860 35,901 35,945
23,334 23,424 23,610 23,640 23,827 23,680 23,629 23,449 23,721 23,673 23,643 23,640
22,041 22,187 22,296 22,363 22,541 22,455 22,443 22,400 22,665 22,445 22,425 22,395
1,314
1,237
1,293
1,277
1,225
1,287
1,048
1,056
1,228
1,186
1,245
1,217
5.6
5.5
5.3
5.4
5.4
5.2
5.0
4.5
4.5
5.1
5.2
5.3

East South Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

12,115 12,129
7,772
7,726
7,298 7,334
439
428
5.6
5.5

12,145
7,809
7,396
413
5.3

12,159
7,946
7,502
444
5.6

12,173
7,913
7,505
408
5.2

12,185 12,196
8,014
8,071
7,665 7,546
467
406
5.8
5.0

12,206 12,217 12,219 12,231
7,863
7,888 7,811
7,947
7,459 7,442 7,363
7,555
403
448
446
392
5.1
5.7
5.7
4.9

12,245
7,789
7,330
459
5.9

West South Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

21,009 21,037 21,069 21,099 21,126 21,153 21,175 21,200 21,223 21,256 21,281 21,308
14,149 14,136 14,116 14,128 14,236 14,096: 14,226 14,245 14,299 14,274 14,290 14,328
13,217 13,206 13,238 13,239 13,382 13,247 13,434 13,472 13,469 13,436 j 13,493 13,468
854
878
849
888
931
792
773
831
838
931
860
798
6.2
6.0
6.0
6.3
6.6
5.6
5.4
5.8
5.9
6.0
6.6
5.6

See footnotes at end of table.




125

HOUSEHOLD DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C - 1 . Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted 1 —Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Census region and
division

1994
July

Aug.

Sept.

1995
Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May.

June

July

MIDWEST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

46,182 46,211 46,239 46,267 46,291 46,314 46,324 46,341 46,355
31,612 31,754 31,916 32,100 32,188 32,176 32,225 32,280 32,230
29,988 30,147 30,345 30,515 30,693 30,715 30,829 30,880 30,764
1,571
1,623
1,607
1,495
1,584
1,461
1,467
1,396
1,400
5.1
5.1
4.9
4.6
4.9
4.5
4.6
4.3
4.3

46,385 46,403 46,428
32,398 32,168 32,000
30,809 30,674 30,626
1,589
1,374
1,494
4.9
4.3
4.6

East North Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

32,609 32,627 32,646 32,665 32,681 32,696 32,702 32,712 32,721 32,754 32,765
21,906 21,953 22,131 22,276 22,302 22,240 22,256 22,312 22,364 22,524 22,479
20,667 20,747 20,972 21,090 21,218 21,229 21,244 21,319 21,281 21,351 21,380
1,186
1,084
1,011
1,012
1,084
1,173
1,099
1,239
1,205
1,159
993
5.7
4.9
4.5
4.8
5.2
4.9
5.5
5.2
5.3
4.5
4.5

32,781
22,297
21,293
1,004
4.5

13,573 13,584
9,705
9,801
9,321
9,400
384
401
4.0
4.1

13,647
9,703
9,333
370
3.8

West North Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

13,593
9,785
9,373
412
4.2

13,602 13,610| 13,618| 13,622
9,823 9,885
9,936
9,969
9,475
9,425
9,486 j 9,586
411
398
450
383
4.1
4.2
4.5
3.8

13,629
9,968
9,561
407
4.1

13,634 13,631 13,638
9,874 9,689
9,866
9,483 9,458
9,294
417
383
395
4.2
4.1
3.9

WEST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

42,395 42,449 42,502 42,559 42,610 42,660 42,697 42,741 42,784 42,834 42,878 42,929
28,347 28,690 28,585 28,644 28,597 28,522 28,448 28,625 28,641 28,789 28,687 28,728
26,284 26,537 26,586 26,717 26,690 26,649 26,552 26,836 26,825 26,841 26,659 26,837
1,891
2,027
1,817
1,949
2,064
2,153
1,999
1,928
1,907
1,873
1,896
1,789
7.1
6.3
6.6
7.0
6.7
6.7
6.6
6.7
6.2
6.8
7.3
7.5

Mountain
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

11,251 11,279 11,309 11,339 11,368 11,396
7,710
7,906
7,860 7,883 7,905 7,894
7,495
7,510
7,298 7,457
7,429
7,461
412
449
422
410
383
430
5.3
5.7
5.4
5.2
4.9
5.5

11,421 11,448 11,475 11,496
7,835 7,986 7,978 7,998
7,595
7,476 7,640 7,606
403
359
345
371
5.0
4.6
4.3
4.7

11,523 11,550
8,000
7,988
7,590 7,612
399
388
5.0
4.8

Pacific
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

31,144 31,170 31,193 31,220 31,242 31,264 31,277 31,293 31,309 31,338 31,355 31,379
20,637 20,784 20,726 20,761 20,692 20,628 20,613 20,639 20,664 20,791 20,696 20,727
18,986 19,080 19,156 19,255 19,195 19,139 19,076 19,196 19,218 19,246 19,070 19,224
1,704
1,569
1,506
1,628
1,651
1,497
1,443
1,446
1,545
1,503
1,490
1,537
8.2
7.6
7.3
7.4
7.9
7.3
8.0
7.0
7.0
7.2
7.5
7.2

1
These estimates may differ from the results obtained from summing the
official State estimates produced and published through the Local Area
Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that compose the
various census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic:
New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of

126




Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia,
and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and
Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas;
East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West
North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota,
and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,
New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii,
Oregon, and Washington.

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1994
State
Mar.

Apr.

May

2,064.9
1,942.7
122.3
5.9

2,055.4
1,942.7
112.7
5.5

2,068.8
1,949.7
119.1
5.8

2,055.0
1,934.0
121.0
5.9

311.1
287.5
23.6
7.6

305.3
283.1
22.2
7.3

306.0
283.8
22.2
7.2

311.8
290.7
21.0
6.7

309.0
289.3
19.7
6.4

2,023.4
1,898.5
124.9
6.2

2,030.4
1,923.0
107.4
5.3

2,044.8
1,948.8
96.0
4.7

2,062.1
1,958.6
103.4
5.0

2,090.2
1,975.2
115.0
5.5

2,097.2
1,979.3
117.9
5.6

1,224.6
1,162.3
62.2
5.1

1,227.2
1,165.1
62.1
5.1

1,224.5
1,158.5
66.0
5.4

1,227.6
1,158.7
68.8
5.6

1,226.6
1,165.4
61.2
5.0

1,221.9
1,160.7
61.1
5.0

1,208.1
1,158.7
49.4
4.1

15,586.4
14,365.8
1,220.6
7.8

15,489.4
14,275.1
1,214.3
7.8

15,431.6
14,246.5
1,185.1
7.7

15,371.0
14,109.7
1,261.3
8.2

15,331.6
14,209.3
1,122.3
7.3

15,307.1
14,140.2
1,166.8
7.6

15,341.6
14,126.8
1,214.8
7.9

15,209.2
13,920.9
1,288.2
8.5

2,025.7
1,944.3
81.4
4.0

2,036.3
1,957.4
78.8
3.9

2,041.3
1,964.4
76.9
3.8

2,046.0
1,973.1
72.9
3.6

2,070.9
1,995.0
76.0
3.7

2,074.7
2,010.3
64.4
3.1

2,085.4
2,012.5
72.9
3.5

2,085.4
2,002.2
83.2
4.0

2,084.1
2,002.2
81.9
3.9

1,721.2
1,626.9
94.3
5.5

1,721.4
1,625.8
95.6
5.6

1,719.6
1,624.8
94.8
5.5

1,718.6
1,624.6
94.0
5.5

1,716.1
1,623.3
92.8
5.4

1,753.9
1,661.7
92.2
5.3

1,759.3
1,662.9
96.4
5.5

1,746.9
1,654.0
92.9
5.3

1,755.1
1,664.7
90.4
5.2

1,735.8
1,646.6
89.2
5.1

385.0
366.2
18.7
4.9

384.7
367.0
17.7
4.6

384.0
366.4
17.7
4.6

384.4
366.9
17.5
4.5

385.0
367.4
17.7
4.6

384.9
367.7
17.2
4.5

381.7
365.8
15.9
4.2

383.9
369.9
14.0
3.6

387.3
374.0
13.3
3.4

383.5
367.8
15.7
4.1

383.6
367.2
16.4
4.3

315.1
288.7
26.4
8.4

317.0
290.0
27.0
8.5

314.6
288.6
26.1
8.3

314.0
288.4
25.6
8.1

315.1
289.7
25.4
8.1

317.6
291.4
26.1
8.2

313.8
287.6
26.2
8.3

308.8
284.9
23.9
7.8

312.5
287.8
24.7
7.9

309.8
284.9
24.9
8.0

288.5
264.2
24.4
8.4

290.3
265.2
25.1
8.6

6,794.3
6,365.4
428.9
6.3

6,776.2
6,350.9
425.3
6.3

6,779.3
6,390.9
388.4
5.7

6,872.7
6,426.6
446.1
6.5

6,881.5
6,433.9
447.6
6.5

6,947.6
6,480.1
467.5
6.7

6,935.4
6,492.0
443.4
6.4

6,859.7
6,459.9
399.8
5.8

6,762.1
6,461.1
301.0
4.5

6,809.4
6,512.6
296.7
4.4

6,944.0
6,552.5
391.5
5.6

6,821.9
6,471.7
350.2
5.1

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

2,032.1
1,910.7
121.4
6.0

2,031.5
1,911.4
120.1
5.9

2,036.3
1,916.3
120.0
5.9

2,040.6
1,925.0
115.6
5.7

2,045.2
1,927.8
117.4
5.7

2,054.8
1,943.3
111.5
5.4

2,048.8
1,941.8
107.0
5.2

2,061.8
1,946.7
115.1
5.6

304.4
281.0
23.3
7.7

305.1
281.0
24.1
7.9

305.4
281.8
23.6
7.7

305.0
281.9
23.1
7.6

305.8
282.4
23.4
7.7

305.5
281.9
23.6
7.7

307.4
282.9
24.5
8.0

1,979.3
1,849.3
130.0
6.6

1,988.3
1,857.3
131.0
6.6

2,005.0
1,872.2
132.8
6.6

2,010.6
1,878.2
132.4
6.6

2,014.7
1,884.1
130.6
6.5

2,018.2
1,891.2
127.0
6.3

1,208.4
1,141.5
66.8
5.5

1,212.7
1,146.5
66.1
5.5

1,216.0
1,151.1
64.9
5.3

1,218.3
1,155.6
62.6
5.1

1,221.9
1,159.1
62.8
5.1

15,268.5
13,974.6
1,293.9
8.5

15,331.0
13,989.1
1,341.9
8.8

15,409.4
14,071.3
1,338.1
8.7

15,455.5
14,175.1
1,280.4
8.3

1,985.4
1,900.8
84.5
4.3

2,001.6
1,918.0
83.6
4.2

2,017.8
1,933.9
83.9
4.2

1,723.1
1,628.6
94.5
5.5

1,720.2
1,627.3
92.9
5.4

384.8
366.0
18.8
4.9

Alabama
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Alaska
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Arizona
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Arkansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
California1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Colorado
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Connecticut
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Delaware
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
District of Columbia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




127

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

State
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

3,563.1
3,377.7
185.4
5.2

3,575.1
3,378.8
196.4
5.5

3,576.3
3,392.0
184.3
5.2

3,586.1
3,402.2
183.9
5.1

3,597.4
3,413.0
184.3
5.1

3,608.3
3,428.9
179.4
5.0

3,608.6
3,431.6
177.1
4.9

3,611.1
3,451.2
159.9
4.4

582.3
547.1
35.3
6.1

583.8
545.7
38.1
6.5

583.5
545.4
38.1
6.5

584.0
546.5
37.5
6.4

584.3
546.9
37.4
6.4

583.8
547.6
36.2
6.2

582.7
547.6
35.1
6.0

590.5
558.7
31.9
5.4

591.6
559.4
32.3
5.5

591.1
559.8
31.3
5.3

594.4
560.6
33.8
5.7

596.4
561.0
35.4
5.9

598.3
562.4
35.9
6.0

6,011.4
5,705.2
306.2
5.1

5,973.1
5,633.0
340.1
5.7

5,978.5
5,644.5
334.0
5.6

5,958.9
5,629.9
329.0
5.5

6,016.1
5,661.0
355.1
5.9

3,039.7
2,890.0
149.8
4.9

3,037.1
2,880.0
157.1
5.2

3,044.8
2,891.2
153.6
5.0

3,081.1
2,928.9
152.2
4.9

1,571.4
1,513.6
57.8
3.7

1,569.6
1,513.2
56.4
3.6

1,567.5
1,510.0
57.5
3.7

1,330.2
1,260.1
70.0
5.3

1,327.7
1,257.2
70.5
5.3

1,817.7
1,719.7
98.0
5.4

Dec.

Mar.

Apr.

May

3,618.8
3,455.3
163.5
4.5

3,626.5
3,467.3
159.2
4.4

3,638.2
3,467.5
170.7
4.7

3,645.8
3,470.7
175.1
4.8

582.0
549.3
32.7
5.6

576.9
548.2
28.7
5.0

583.1
553.1
30.0
5.1

590.7
560.0
30.7
5.2

592.2
562.3
30.0
5.1

600.0
563.0
37.1
6.2

567.6
32.2
5.4

597.7
563.9
33.8
5.6

600.7
569.5
31.2
5.2

605.6
574.9
30.7
5.1

602.7
571.6
31.0
5.2

5,991.4
5,684.1
307.3
5.1

5,969.0
5,687.9
281.1
4.7

6,015.2
5,697.3
317.9
5.3

6,111.3
5,789.9
321.4
5.3

6,114.5
5,845.7
268.8
4.4

6,219.3
5,867.5
351.7
5.7

6,061.3
5,730.3
331.0
5.5

3,102.6
2,951.9
150.8
4.9

3,128.2
2,982.9
145.3
4.6

3,149.6
3,008.0
141.6
4.5

3,171.1
3,042.8
128.2
4.0

3,142.6
3,014.7
127.8
4.1

3,135.0
2,997.7
137.3
4.4

3,143.6
2,991.5
152.1
4.8

3,131.7
2,985.7
146.0
4.7

1,569.9
1,511.8
58.1
3.7

1,562.8
1,506.0
56.8
3.6

1,562.0
1,505.6
56.4
3.6

1,555.8
1,499.8
56.1
3.6

1,573.2
1,521.1
52.1
3.3

1,558.9
1,506.3
52.6
3.4

1,569.2
1,517.1
52.1
3.3

1,560.0
1,507.5
52.5
3.4

1,557.5
1,505.4
52.1
3.3

1,332.6
1,261.7
70.9
5.3

1,334.0
1,263.4
70.6
5.3

1,335.8
1,265.5
70.3
5.3

1,338.4
1,268.6
69.7
5.2

1,336.9
1,267.1
69.9
5.2

1,356.8
1,293.8
63.0
4.6

1,358.3
1,298.1
60.2
4.4

1,355.7
1,295.9
59.8
4.4

1,355.3
1,292.9
62.3
4.6

1,351.2
1,287.1
64.1
4.7

1,829.2
1,729.4
99.8
5.5

1,833.4
1,737.6
95.8
5.2

1,838.5
1,742.6
95.9
5.2

1,844.6
1,749.4
95.1
5.2

1,846.7
1,754.5
92.2
5.0

1,853.5
1,762.3
91.2
4.9

1,872.3
1,782.2
90.0
4.8

1,888.8
1,800.2
88.6
4.7

1,865.9
1,777.8
88.1
4.7

1,867.3
1,778.4
88.9
4.8

1,857.4
1,763.6
93.8
5.0

1,929.9
1,773.8
156.2
8.1

1,941.6
1,785.3
156.3
8.0

1,952.3
1,794.8
157.5
8.1

1,955.8
1,798.3
157.5
8.1

1,958.5
1,798.7
159.8
8.2

1,961.7
1,803.3
158.4
8.1

1,959.2
1,803.8
155.4
7.9

1,978.9
1,846.1
132.8
6.7

1,981.3
1,845.5
135.8
6.9

1,996.3
1,850.0
146.4
7.3

2,000.7
1,848.1
152.6
7.6

1,982.2
1,841.0
141.2
7.1

610.1
566.3
43.8
7.2

609.9
565.6
44.3
7.3

609.2
564.7
44.5
7.3

608.7
564.3
44.4
7.3

609.1
564.8
44.4
7.3

608.8
566.1
42.8
7.0

609.2
567.1
42.1
6.9

619.7
584.9
34.8
5.6

623.4
588.9
34.5
5.5

621.5
587.3
34.2
5.5

623.1
586.8
36.4
5.8

631.4
591.9
39.5
6.3

Georgia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Haw
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Idaho
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Illinois1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Indiana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Iowa
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Kansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Kentucky
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Louisiana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Maine
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.

128




STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

State
June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

2,690.8
2,554.1
136.7
5.1

2,694.2
2,558.0
136.3
5.1

2,696.5
2,561.5
135.0
5.0

2,703.9
2,569.4
134.6
5.0

2,709.0
2,577.0
131.9
4.9

2,711.2
2,581.1
130.1
4.8

2,712.7
2,582.8
129.9
4.8

2,708.2
2,576.3
132.0
4.9

2,702.5
2,572.1
130.4
4.8

2,703.6
2,572.1
131.6
4.9

2,709.4
2,576.6
132.7
4.9

2,715.4
2,579.3
136.1
5.0

3,170.6
2,981.7
188.9
6.0

3,204.7
3,014.0
190.7
6.0

3,184.3
2,997.5
186.8
5.9

3,194.9
3,018.8
176.1
5.5

3,201.0
2,997.5
203.5
6.4

3,180.8
3,005.4
175.4
5.5

3,193.6
3,014.1
179.5
5.6

3,221.1
3,027.5
193.6
6.0

3,202.3
3,030.2
172.1
5.4

3,181.7
3.035.4
146.3
4.6

3,166.3
2,979.5
186.8
5.9

3,143.8
2,987.3
156.5
5.0

4,724.4
4,459.4
265.0
5.6

4,726.6
4,451.7
274.9
5.8

4,715.8
4,431.6
284.2
6.0

4,772.1
4,512.7
259.4
5.4

4,779.2
4,535.3
243.9
5.1

4,741.6
4,516.7
224.9
4.7

4,719.6
4,503.8
215.8
4.6

4,721.2
4,462.7
258.6
5.5

4,720.2
4,457.0
263.3
5.6

4,734.5
4,449.4
285.2
6.0

4,767.2
4,488.9
278.3
5.8

4,811.9
4,539.1
272.8
5.7

2,559.4
2,457.1
102.3
4.0

2,558.9
2,457.4
101.5
4.0

2,576.5
2,475.1
101.3
3.9

2,584.4
2,482.6
101.7
3.9

2,596.5
2,494.8
101.7
3.9

2,600.9
2,504.7
96.3
3.7

2,613.6
2,516.9
96.7
3.7

2,637.4
2,545.4
92.0
3.5

2,646.2
2,552.7
93.5
3.5

2,619.9
2,532.4
87.5
3.3

2,604.4
2,507.2
97.1
3.7

2,579.3
2,478.6
100.8
3.9

1,257.8
1,174.8
83.1
6.6

1,261.4
1,178.8
82.7
6.6

1,264.1
1,181.8
82.3
6.5

1,261.3
1,180.8
80.5
6.4

1,266.6
1,181.4
85.2
6.7

1,266.3
1,178.1
88.3
7.0

1,269.3
1,183.2
86.1
6.8

1,266.8
1,192.7
74.1
5.8

1,254.1
1,190.9
63.2
5.0

1,245.7
1,181.9
63.8
5.1

1,246.2
1,177.2
69.0
5.5

1,238.4
1,164.2
74.2
6.0

2,686.1
2,559.6
126.5
4.7

2,692.0
2,567.9
124.1
4.6

2,699.4
2,575.7
123.7
4.6

2,709.1
2,586.8
122.2
4.5

2,721.1
2,599.1
122.0
4.5

2,728.0
2,607.5
120.5
4.4

2,736.5
2,614.7
121.9
4.5

2,768.5
2,652.6
115.9
4.2

2,781.4
2,659.2
122.2
4.4

2,782.2
2,649.6
132.6
4.8

2,800.1
2,663.3
136.8
4.9

2,800.3
2,657.4
142.9
5.1

435.6
414.5
21.1
4.9

437.8
416.3
21.4
4.9

439.7
418.0
21.7
4.9

439.7
417.7
22.0
5.0

440.9
419.0
21.8
5.0

442.9
421.1
21.8
4.9

442.2
419.9
22.3
5.0

441.5
419.8
21.7
4.9

442.7
417.9
24.8
5.6

441.3
419.5
21.8
4.9

439.1
415.6
23.5
5.3

437.7
413.6
24.1
5.5

875.3
850.0
25.4
2.9

875.7
850.7
25.0
2.9

875.6
850.6
25.0
2.9

877.7
851.9
25.8
2.9

878.3
852.4
25.9
2.9

880.9
855.5
25.4
2.9

879.6
853.4
26.2
3.0

876.0
855.9
20.1
2.3

881.0
861.5
19.4
2.2

883.7
866.2
17.6
2.0

888.3
866.4
21.9
2.5

883.5
860.1
23.4
2.6

777.2
729.6
47.6
6.1

780.3
733.1
47.1
6.0

784.4
736.7
47.7
6.1

786.8
739.4
47.5
6.0

789.0
741.4
47.6
6.0

791.4
743.8
47.6
6.0

792.7
745.9
46.8
5.9

789.3
743.9
45.4
5.7

789.9
743.3
46.5
5.9

789.4
745.0
44.3
5.6

791.8
746.0
45.9
5.8

798.2
750.5
47.7
6.0

628.4
599.1
29.2
4.6

629.8
601.1
28.7
4.6

629.8
602.1
27.7
4.4

630.1
603.1
27.1
4.3

630.9
604.4
26.6
4.2

632.8
606.8
26.0
4.1

630.8
604.6
26.1
4.1

637.7
611.6
26.1
4.1

641.6
615.5
26.0
4.1

641.2
612.2
29.0
4.5

641.3
615.4
25.9
4.0

633.2
609.1
24.1
3.8

Maryland
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Massachusetts1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Michigan1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Minnesota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Mississippi
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Missouri
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Montana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Nebraska
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Nevada
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Hampshire
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




129

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1995
State
June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

3,972.6
3,695.0
277.6
7.0

4,007.4
3,745.0
262.4
6.5

4,032.4
3,781.1
251.3
6.2

4,041.9
3,774.1
267.8
6.6

4,039.7
3,769.1
270.6
6.7

4,008.6
3,748.1
260.5
6.5

3,999.2
3,750.1
249.1
6.2

4,009.0
3,719.7
289.3
7.2

4,005.7
3,761.9
243.9
6.1

766.8
719.9
46.9
6.1

769.5
722.9
46.6
6.1

770.4
724.5
45.9
6.0

773.5
727.7
45.8
5.9

777.0
731.1
45.9
5.9

779.3
733.6
45.7
5.9

782.0
736.1
45.9
5.9

791.1
744.3
46.8
5.9

8,564.2
7,962.8
601.4
7.0

8,642.7
8,038.7
604.0
7.0

8,580.0
7,993.2
586.8
6.8

8,550.6
8,012.1
538.5
6.3

8,559.3
8,007.5
551.8
6.4

8,540.6
8,004.8
535.8
6.3

8,565.3
8,079.9
485.4
5.7

3,577.7
3,438.9
138.8
3.9

3,584.7
3,421.2
163.5
4.6

3,625.7
3,446.5
179.2
4.9

3,646.1
3,468.7
177.4
4.9

3,635.4
3,464.5
170.9
4.7

3,655.1
3,505.6
149.5
4.1

337.1
324.0
13.2
3.9

337.5
324.3
13.2
3.9

337.4
324.6
12.8
3.8

336.9
324.4
12.5
3.7

336.7
324.3
12.4
3.7

5,531.9
5,220.9
311.0
5.6

5,480.5
5,168.2
312.3
5.7

5,472.0
5,176.7
295.3
5.4

5,515.6
5,220.2
295.4
5.4

1,538.2
1,448.0
90.1
5.9

1,544.6
1,455.5
89.1
5.8

1,542.4
1,453.2
89.2
5.8

1,648.5
1,558.9
89.7
5.4

1,653.5
1,567.0
86.5
5.2

5,933.2
5,577.2
356.0
6.0

506.7
470.7
36.0
7.1

Apr.

May

4,026.3
3,791.3
235.0
5.8

4,106.3
3,846.8
259.5
6.3

4,133.5
3,865.3
268.2
6.5

791.9
745.7
46.2
5.8

793.1
745.3
47.8
6.0

795.2
747.7
47.5
6.0

794.7
749.6
45.1
5.7

8,438.1
7,933.7
504.4
6.0

8,521.5
7,998.1
523.5
6.1

8,478.8
7,920.8
558.0
6.6

8,489.6
7,914.3
575.3
6.8

8,495.8
7,960.8
535.0
6.3

3,680.9
3,555.7
125.2
3.4

3,655.0
3,515.4
139.5
3.8

3,646.2
3,477.7
168.5
4.6

3,665.4
3,521.6
143.9
3.9

3,644.9
3,472.1
172.9
4.7

3,609.1
3,452.2
156.9
4.3

335.8
324.5
11.3
3.4

336.6
324.1
12.4
3.7

334.7
322.4
12.3
3.7

332.3
320.9
11.4
3.4

332.3
321.2
11.0
3.3

330.2
319.4
10.7
3.3

330.8
319.9
10.9
3.3

5,544.6
5,268.8
275.8
5.0

5,570.0
5,304.6
265.4
4.8

5,572.2
5,321.8
250.4
4.5

5,494.5
5,274.3
220.3
4.0

5,567.7
5,343.9
223.9
4.0

5,533.2
5,324.8
208.4
3.8

5,519.2
5,268.9
250.3
4.5

5,601.8
5,340.2
261.6
4.7

1,543.1
1,454.8
88.2
5.7

1,546.0
1,457.1
88.9
5.7

1,548.2
1,460.1
88.1
5.7

1,545.9
1,459.8
86.1
5.6

1,548.1
1,468.7
79.3
5.1

1,551.5
1,472.0
79.5
5.1

1,552.6
1,471.8
80.8
5.2

1,541.7
1,466.4
75.3
4.9

1,557.8
1,484.2
73.5
4.7

1,656.6
1,570.0
86.6
5.2

1,655.9
1,570.7
85.2
5.1

1,652.2
1,567.6
84.5
5.1

1,649.8
1,566.4
83.3
5.1

1,642.1
1.560.8
81.3
4.9

1,655.2
1,571.5
83.6
5.1

1,660.9
1,578.1
82.8
5.0

1,670.4
1,593.4
77.0
4.6

1,689.5
1,611.9
77.6
4.6

1.699.8
1,612.3
87.6
5.2

5,876.2
5,502.3
373.9
6.4

5,839.2
5,477.4
361.8
6.2

5,791.4
5,411.9
379.5
6.6

5,769.5
5,424.2
345.3
6.0

5,713.5
5,365.1
348.4
6.1

5,792.0
5,444.6
347.4
6.0

5,792.3
5,451.5
340.8
5.9

5,803.7
5,478.8
324.9
5.6

5,953.4
5,594.1
359.3
6.0

5,961.6
5,612.9
348.6
5.8

5,804.8
5,475.5
329.3
5.7

505.9
469.5
36.5
7.2

506.0
469.6
36.4
7.2

503.8
468.1
35.8
7.1

502.4
467.4
35.0
7.0

501.2
467.1
34.1
6.8

499.1
466.2
32.8
6.6

504.4
471.2
33.2
6.6

502.4
471.0
31.4
6.3

501.8
470.5
31.3
6.2

489.6
461.2
28.4
5.8

488.4
457.2
31.2
6.4

New Jersey1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Mexico
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New York1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
North Carolina1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
North Dakota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Ohio1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Oklahoma
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Oregon
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Pennsylvania1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Rhode Island
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.

130




STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1994
State
Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

1,836.3
1,737.7
98.6
5.4

1,844.3
1,750.3
93.9
5.1

1,845.0
1,757.4
87.6
4.7

1,850.8
1,760.3
90.5
4.9

1,865.1
1,773.4
91.7
4.9

378.2
366.5
11.7
3.1

380.0
367.7
12.3
3.2

379.5
368.2
11.3
3.0

379.6
368.6
11.0
2.9

378.3
365.8
12.5
3.3

374.6
365.8
8.8
2.3

2,721.0
2,604.7
116.3
4.3

2,706.7
2,598.2
108.5
4.0

2,648.9
2,542.1
106.8
4.0

2,651.2
2,542.5
108.8
4.1

2,654.8
2,548.2
106.7
4.0

2,667.9
2,550.9
117.0
4.4

2,684.5
2,560.1
124.3
4.6

9,398.0
8,836.4
561.6
6.0

9,474.1
8,936.6
537.5
5.7

9,437.3
8,868.6
568.7
6.0

9,463.5
8,918.9
544.6
5.8

9,511.6
9,030.3
481.2
5.1

9,482.0
8,944.8
537.2
5.7

9,560.3
8,997.3
563.0
5.9

9,629.7
9,054.1
575.6
6.0

984.6
947.3
37.2
3.8

987.1
950.0
37.2
3.8

990.0
952.6
37.4
3.8

993.5
956.4
37.1
3.7

984.8
949.0
35.8
3.6

990.6
952.4
38.2
3.9

982.4
952.1
30.3
3.1

980.2
945.4
34.9
3.6

983.3
947.0
36.3
3.7

319.2
304.1
15.1
4.7

319.7
304.9
14.9
4.7

319.8
305.2
14.6
4.6

319.8
305.5
14.3
4.5

319.6
305.5
14.0
4.4

322.8
309.1
13.7
4.3

322.7
308.9
13.9
4.3

326.6
312.8
13.8
4.2

324.1
310.6
13.5
4.2

322.2
309.6
12.6
3.9

3,421.8
3,251.0
170.8
5.0

3,434.0
3,263.4
170.6
5.0

3,438.6
3,270.6
168.1
4.9

3,443.5
3,276.5
166.9
4.8

3,450.3
3,286.0
164.3
4.8

3,456.4
3,292.1
164.4
4.8

3,516.6
3,355.6
161.0
4.6

3,515.5
3,368.4
147.2
4.2

3,534.2
3,384.3
149.8
4.2

3,521.7
3,365.5
156.3
4.4

3,520.5
3,361.8
158.7
4.5

2,698.7
2,523.5
175.2
6.5

2,696.2
2,525.9
170.3
6.3

2,703.8
2.535.0
168.8
6.2

2,705.3
2,538.7
166.6
6.2

2,709.3
2,544.0
165.3
6.1

2,715.7
2,551.0
164.7
6.1

2,718.7
2,556.3
162.4
6.0

2,754.8
2,599.9
154.9
5.6

2,759.0
2,594.5
164.5
6.0

2,773.8
2.608.3
165.5
6.0

2,795.3
2,624.9
170.3
6.1

2,817.6
2,644.5
173.0
6.1

785.3
715.7
69.6
8.9

781.8
713.9
67.9
8.7

785.2
718.1
67.1
8.5

783.3
719.0
64.3
8.2

786.1
720.6
65.4
8.3

795.4
730.3
65.1
8.2

789.8
724.3
65.6
8.3

790.7
728.7
62.1
7.8

791.1
726.5
64.6
8.2

788.7
732.7
56.0
7.1

789.0
731.1
57.9
7.3

790.8
729.8
61.0
7.7

2,794.6
2,664.7
129.9
4.6

2,801.0
2,669.1
131.9
4.7

2,800.3
2,669.2
131.0
4.7

2,803.9
2,672.9
131.0
4.7

2,801.7
2,671.0
130.8
4.7

2,802.2
2,672.0
130.2
4.6

2,799.9
2,668.6
131.3
4.7

2.812.3
2,701.5
110.8
3.9

2,810.5
2,707.9
102.6
3.7

2,809.0
2,696.2
112.8
4.0

2,838.4
2,726.4
112.0
3.9

2,855.1
2,744.8
110.3
3.9

249.1
235.9
13.2
5.3

249.7
236.7
13.0
5.2

250.3
237.6
12.7
5.1

250.3
237.9
12.4
5.0

250.8
238.2
12.6
5.0

251.3
238.9
12.4
4.9

252.1
239.6
12.5
5.0

253.0
242.0
11.0
4.3

253.5
242.8
10.7
4.2

254.0
243.5
10.5
4.1

254.1
242.9
11.2
4.4

254.7
242.5
12.2
4.8

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

1,827.2
1,712.8
114.4
6.3

1,827.8
1,715.6
112.2
6.1

1,829.7
1,719.0
110.7
6.1

1,832.3
1,723.0
109.3
6.0

1,835.3
1,727.2
108.1
5.9

1,835.5
1,731.1
104.4
5.7

1,832.7
1,732.5
100.2
5.5

374.2
362.2
12.1
3.2

375.2
363.3
11.9
3.2

375.7
364.0
11.8
3.1

376.4
364.5
11.9
3.2

377.3
365.4
11.8
3.1

378.0
366.3
11.7
3.1

2,669.5
2,539.2
130.2
4.9

2,685.3
2,554.9
130.4
4.9

2,690.8
2,563.2
127.6
4.7

2,696.8
2,575.1
121.7
4.5

2,704.9
2,585.4
119.5
4.4

9,406.0
8,782.5
623.5
6.6

9,473.4
8,841.6
631.8
6.7

9,406.9
8,792.9
614.0
6.5

9,340.1
8,754.1
586.0
6.3

973.0
936.7
36.3
3.7

977.2
940.2
37.0
3.8

981.1
943.9
37.2
3.8

319.5
304.6
14.9
4.7

319.2
304.4
14.8
4.6

3,415.3
3,246.6
168.6
4.9

Dec.

South Carolina
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
South Dakota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Tennessee
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texas 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Utah
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Vermont
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Washington
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
West Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Wisconsin
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Wyoming
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey (CPS).
Explanatory Notes for Region, State, and Area Labor Force Data.
p
= preliminary.




See the

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. All estimates are provisional and will be
revised when new benchmark and population information becomes available.

131

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

144.1
22.7
8.5
19.2
9.4
4.3

6.7
4.8
5.7
7.4
5.7
5.4

5.3
3.8
4.0
5.7
4.6
4.7

7.0
5.1
5.2
7.4
6.2
5.7

21.1
7.1

20.3
6.6

7.4
5.8

6.8
5.2

6.5
4.8

138.9
67.8
16.8

108.7
50.9
13.6

117.3
55.4
14.2

6.9
5.3
4.8

5.2
3.8
3.6

5.5
4.1
3.8

1,235.5
138.3
94.4
297.6
37.3

72.2
4.1
5.5
13.5
3.6

52.2
3.3
4.4
9.1
2.4

53.9
3.3
4.3
9.3
2.5

5.8
3.0
5.6
4.6
9.4

4.3
2.4
4.7
3.1
6.5

4.4
2.4
4.5
3.1
6.6

15,158.3
258.9
411.4
4,352.0
193.4
1,101.8
1,300.6
1,252.5
687.1
171.1
1,192.4
880.8
822.6
191.8
222.5
242.5
232.8
375.7

15,339.7
263.9
413.0
4,375.0
196.5
1,118.1
1,323.5
1,271.7
698.0
171.5
1,217.1
892.8
838.2
192.7
225.5
243.4
237.6
379.2

1,323.1
37.1
50.6
445.6
30.6
70.6
76.7
116.5
49.8
15.3
88.8
51.6
53.7
12.6
13.9
29.6
17.0
27.2

1,217.0
36.6
62.6
297.0
33.5
72.2
76.6
114.0
53.1
19.4
86.1
52.7
49.2
13.3
14.4
31.0
18.5
26.8

1,186.4
34.1
54.9
324.0
31.0
69.3
72.6
113.2
50.2
16.3
82.6
50.4
45.2
12.2
13.3
30.2
17.3
25.9

8.7
14.0
12.5
10.1
15.7
6.3
5.8
9.3
7.2
8.9
7.3
5.8
6.4
6.5
6.3
12.4
7.4
7.2

8.0
14.1
15.2
6.8
17.3
6.6
5.9
9.1
7.7
11.3
7.2
6.0
6.0
6.9
6.5
12.8
8.0
7.1

7.7
12.9
13.3
7.4
15.8
6.2
5.5
8.9
7.2
9.5
6.8
5.6
5.4
6.3
5.9
12.4
7.3
6.8

2,004.6
157.1
1,015.6

2,064.7
165.2
1,050.2

2,093.1
166.7
1,059.1

90.0
6.4
42.2

82.5
6.0
37.0

92.3
7.1
41.3

4.5
4.1
4.2

4.0
3.6
3.5

4.4
4.3
3.9

1,758.1
225.5
112.8
609.1
276.5
155.1
190.9
118.2

1,736.8
223.3
111.1
605.2
272.3
151.4
186.5
117.8

1,760.0
225.9
111.7
610.1
276.5
155.5
190.6
119.3

101.1
14.4
4.9
37.6
16.1
8.4
7.3
8.0

90.1
13.3
4.0
34.1
13.8
7.4
7.1
6.9

95.6
14.2
4.2
35.9
14.6
8.3
7.4
7.0

5.8
6.4
4.4
6.2
5.8
5.4
3.8
6.8

5.2
5.9
3.6
5.6
5.1
4.9
3.8
5.9

5.4
6.3
3.8
5.9
5.3
5.3
3.9
5.9

Delaware
Dover
Wilmington-Newark

388.9
69.2
287.9

381.5
68.4
284.4

384.0
68.3
285.7

18.9
3.7
14.8

13.9
3.0
10.6

16.2
3.0
15.3

4.8
5.3
5.1

3.6
4.3
3.7

4.2
4.4
5.3

District of Columbia
Washington

324.1
2,617.1

287.2
2,604.6

291.4
2,641.4

29.8
118.0

23.9
104.8

28.0
116.7

9.2
4.5

8.3
4.0

9.6
4.4

Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ...
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton

6,866.5
190.4
717.0
167.5
99.5
498.6
200.5
208.3
1,045.3
755.8
169.7
232.0
140.9
1,090.7
456.7

6,869.6
190.0
725.2
167.1
103.6
499.5
199.5
207.0
1,020.3
770.4
167.9
236.4
141.6
1,096.4
454.1

6,899.3
191.4
728.9
167.0
102.0
501.1
203.7
206.5
1,023.9
775.7
168.5
236.8
141.1
1,101.4
453.9

467.5
12.0
47.2
9.3
4.0
26.7
17.8
15.1
87.4
44.8
8.6
11.7
6.4
61.5
39.9

346.8
8.5
38.5
6.9
3.1
19.4
12.1
12.1
65.6
33.5
7.9
8.3
4.8
46.4
28.1

401.4
9.5
41.9
8.1
3.5
22.7
17.1
12.9
72.1
38.2
8.5
10.6
5.2
52.5
32.6

6.8
6.3
6.6
5.6
4.0
5.4
8.9
7.3
8.4
5.9
5.1
5.0
4.6
5.6
8.7

5.0
4.5
5.3
4.1
3.0
3.9
6.1
5.9
6.4
4.4
4.7
3.5
3.4
4.2
6.2

5.8
5.0
5.7
4.8
3.4
4.5
8.4
6.3
7.0
4.9
5.0
4.5
3.7
4.8
7.2

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995?

2,058.2
436.2
162.7
254.7
152.1
74.7

2,049.6
439.1
160.7
255.5
152.4
76.8

2,071.0
441.8
161.0
260.0
153.2
76.1

138.4
21.0
9.2
18.7
8.7
4.1

108.7
16.7
6.4
14.5
7.1
3.6

312.8
135.5

309.8
136.8

313.5
136.3

23.1
7.9

Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson

2,002.4
1,279.6
346.4

2,095.9
1,339.3
374.5

2,137.1
1,366.3
376.7

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,237.2
133.2
96.9
295.3
38.1

1,218.3
136.0
93.4
294.0
36.9

15,290.0
265.4
404.7
4,416.5
195.1
1,112.7
1,318.4
1,251.0
692.4
172.0
1,216.7
884.3
841.5
194.3
220.6
238.5
231.1
377.2

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage

California1
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
New London-Norwich
Stamford-Newark
Waterbury

See footnotes at end of table.

132




1

June
1995P

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

201.8
3.8
3.1
92.6
14.3
7.3
8.2
7.9

5.7
8.3
4.2
5.2
6.6
6.6
6.2
6.3

4.4
5.7
3.2
4.0
6.2
5.0
4.6
5.0

5.5
7.0
4.5
4.8
7.0
6.3
5.7
6.1

29.7
17.3

33.1
19.0

6.6
5.2

5.0
4.0

5.6
4.4

28.6
7.9

29.3
7.3

25.8
6.8

4.7
4.0

4.8
3.7

4.2
3.4

6,157.9
81.2
93.3
4,068.4
184.0
60.7
52.5
180.2
191.3
108.0

338.4
2.5
3.6
217.9
8.7
4.6
3.4
8.8
10.5
4.6

332.2
3.1
3.5
210.6
7.9
4.9
3.6
8.6
9.0
5.0

274.9
2.4
2.7
171.8
7.4
4.2
2.9
7.5
7.9
4.4

5.5
3.2
3.8
5.4
4.7
7.6
6.6
4.9
5.5
4.3

5.5
3.9
3.7
5.2
4.4
8.2
6.9
4.9
4.8
4.6

4.5
2.9
2.9
4.2
4.0
7.0
5.6
4.2
4.1
4.0

3,152.7
61.8
101.5
156.8
269.5
300.1
824.6
54.1
90.5
69.0
135.0
75.6

3,191.4
62.6
101.9
158.4
274.3
300.9
831.5
54.0
90.4
67.9
137.7
76.1

148.2
2.4
3.6
7.7
11.6
18.6
33.2
2.5
3.1
3.5
5.8
4.7

143.7
2.5
5.5
7.9
10.4
17.5
31.1
2.6
2.8
3.3
5.9
4.2

148.7
2.1
4.7
7.7
11.0
17.5
32.6
2.4
2.9
3.4
6.4
4.4

4.8
3.8
3.7
4.9
4.4
6.2
4.1
4.7
3.6
5.4
4.3
6.2

4.6
4.0
5.4
5.0
3.9
5.8
3.8
4.8
3.1
4.7
4.4
5.6

4.7
3.3
4.7
4.9
4.0
5.8
3.9
4.4
3.2
5.0
4.6
5.8

1,586.7
105.7
250.9
49.8
65.7
65.0
66.8

1,546.7
105.2
242.6
49.3
64.1
63.9
66.5

1,571.7
105.9
246.3
49.9
64.5
64.6
65.2

57.2
3.5
7.1
1.8
1.9
2.1
3.5

45.8
3.1
6.0
1.3
1.4
1.5
2.6

52.0
3.2
6.5
1.4
1.9
1.9
2.9

3.6
3.3
2.8
3.6
2.9
3.2
5.2

3.0
2.9
2.5
2.6
2.2
2.3
4.0

3.3
3.0
2.6
2.7
2.9
3.0
4.5

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,365.0
48.4
92.1
275.6

1,351.8
51.7
89.8
266.6

1,379.5
48.6
91.6
271.0

76.1
3.3
4.9
18.6

59.5
2.7
4.3
12.6

65.7
2.8
4.3
14.1

5.6
6.8
5.3
6.7

4.4
5.2
4.7
4.7

4.8
5.8
4.7
5.2

Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro

1,854.5
235.6
530.2
48.4

1,869.8
245.4
540.3
51.4

1,909.9
252.0
555.0
51.8

101.0
8.9
23.9
2.7

90.6
7.6
22.1
2.8

94.9
9.1
25.1
2.8

5.4
3.8
4.5
5.5

4.8
3.1
4.1
5.4

5.0
3.6
4.5
5.4

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City

1,985.2
58.9
284.2
81.9
163.8
84.8
66.4
612.2
180.7

1,977.2
58.4
285.6
82.7
164.4
86.3
67.8
614.6
178.8

2,033.5
60.3
295.6
85.6
167.8
88.7
69.3
626.0
184.3

179.1
4.9
24.8
6.4
13.4
7.7
5.9
51.7
15.3

129.6
3.5
17.3
4.7
10.2
5.5
3.9
38.7
11.5

161.9
4.9
21.6
5.4
12.3
6.7
4.9
48.3
14.1

9.0
8.3
8.7
7.8
8.2
9.0
8.9
8.4
8.5

6.6
6.0
6.1
5.7
6.2
6.3
5.8
6.3
6.4

8.0
8.1
7.3
6.3
7.3
7.6
7.0
7.7
7.7

623.9
48.8
118.1

631.6
50.1
118.3

651.7
50.7
121.5

42.4
3.7
6.0

37.9
2.9
4.7

36.9
3.0
4.9

6.8
7.6
5.1

6.0
5.9
4.0

5.7
5.8
4.0

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

3,586.8
54.9
66.7
1,849.6
202.8
113.5
142.9
127.3

3,630.3
53.8
68.8
1.906.2
201.2
113.1
142.6
127.6

3,674.5
54.4
68.8
1,926.1
203.2
115.3
143.7
128.1

205.9
4.5
2.8
96.6
13.5
7.5
8.9
8.0

159.6
3.1
2.2
75.5
12.5
5.7
6.5
6.4

Hawaii
Honolulu

585.9
425.5

590.3
430.9

593.9
431.9

38.8
22.1

Idaho
Boise City

603.5
195.0

603.9
198.2

614.7
201.8

Illinois1
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield

6,138.9
79.6
92.9
4,053.3
186.4
61.0
52.3
179.3
190.8
107.8

6,082.4
80.4
94.4
4,021.3
179.3
59.8
51.5
177.4
186.9
106.8

Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

3,093.1
61.2
97.4
157.9
264.9
301.7
813.2
52.3
85.1
65.0
136.3
75.0

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995?

See footnotes at end of table.




133

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
June
1994

May
1995

June
1995^

Maryland
Baltimore

2,718.7
1,230.6

2,700.0
1,220.7

2,758.6
1,243.1

148.2
80.2

131.2
68.4

Massachusetts1
Barnstable-Yarmouth
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,227.8
75.7
1,772.4
126.1
68.7
191.0
154.6
85.1
41.6
287.1
251.9

3,134.2
68.3
1,728.2
124.0
68.9
188.8
148.3
81.9
39.6
281.4
248.9

3,193.5
75.2
1,751.1
126.5
69.6
191.0
150.6
83.3
40.9
284.0
252.5

193.6
4.2
94.2
8.8
4.7
14.0
10.4
7.8
3.3
19.6
13.8

Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle-Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,788.2
275.3
82.7
2,146.4
203.2
532.2
74.2
223.4
232.4
195.6

4,793.0
274.5
83.2
2,149.7
206.7
536.3
74.1
223.5
234.0
196.3

4,820.7
275.1
83.2
2,153.6
209.2
538.3
74.3
225.2
231.6
197.7

Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-StPaul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,600.5
122.3
1,593.0
65.2
89.6

2,581.6
120.2
1,584.0
62.6
91.4

Mississippi
Jackson

1,262.3
219.4

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis LMA
Springfield

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995?

150.2
77.7

5.5
6.5

4.9
5.6

5.4
6.2

143.1
3.2
70.6
6.4
3.5
9.7
7.1
6.2
2.2
13.6
10.5

180.2
3.9
88.4
8.5
4.7
11.2
9.2
7.3
2.7
17.3
13.4

6.0
5.6
5.3
7.0
6.8
7.3
6.8
9.1
7.9
6.8
5.5

4.6
4.7
4.1
5.1
5.0
5.2
4.8
7.6
5.6
4.8
4.2

5.6
5.2
5.0
6.7
6.7
5.9
6.1
8.8
6.6
6.1
5.3

269.1
10.1
5.0
117.9
15.9
24.7
4.7
10.3
10.0
12.1

242.5
10.2
4.5
100.8
12.7
22.3
4.1
11.2
8.6
10.8

301.7
13.0
5.3
124.6
16.5
30.7
5.0
14.2
11.7
13.0

5.6
3.7
6.1
5.5
7.8
4.6
6.3
4.6
4.3
6.2

5.1
3.7
5.4
4.7
6.2
4.2
5.5
5.0
3.7
5.5

6.3
4.7
6.3
5.8
7.9
5.7
6.7
6.3
5.1
6.6

2,603.3
121.1
1,590.0
63.7
90.1

111.8
8.5
58.9
2.5
3.9

86.4
6.6
43.1
1.7
3.1

107.5
7.1
55.4
2.1
4.0

4.3
6.9
3.7
3.8
4.3

3.3
5.5
2.7
2.7
3.4

4.1
5.9
3.5
3.4
4.4

1,236.4
214.5

1,266.8
219.2

102.8
12.4

73.0
8.7

94.2
10.7

8.0
5.6

5.9
4.1

7.4
4.9

2.725.0
908.1
1,292.5
153.7

2,799.7
929.1
1,320.9
162.5

2,839.6
950.3
1,333.2
163.7

133.8
43.6
62.9
5.3

133.7
38.3
64.9
5.9

141.8
42.2
65.5
6.4

4.9
4.8
4.9
3.5

4.8
4.1
4.9
3.7

5.0
4.4
4.9
3.9

Montana

443.4

438.4

443.2

21.1

21.8

24.0

4.8

5.0

5.4

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

889.5
133.4
365.4

887.6
133.9
364.5

894.8
133.9
367.8

27.9
3.8
12.5

21.7
3.4
9.0

24.4
3.7
10.3

3.1
2.8
3.4

2.4
2.5
2.5

2.7
2.8
2.8

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

782.3
573.5
163.5

793.6
587.7
163.4

814.4
599.9
188.7

52.3
39.6
9.4

44.1
33.1
8.3

51.1
38.3
9.4

6.7
6.9
5.7

5.6
5.6
5.1

6.3
6.4
5.5

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester

633.1
99.7
98.7
123.6

628.8
96.7
97.2
121.9

636.0
96.3
99.6
121.9

28.9
4.9
4.9
4.9

22.7
3.8
3.7
4.1

22.3
3.4
3.9
4.1

4.6
4.9
5.0
4.0

3.6
3.9
3.8
3.4

3.5
3.6
3.9
3.3

4,019.8
173.6
653.8
280.0
582.6
506.1
986.6
168.5
64.0

4,096.9
170.7
667.0
290.5
601.6
513.0
999.0
172.8
65.2

4,186.5
180.7
679.9
295.7
610.0
535.0
1,017.0
174.1
67.2

285.7
15.1
49.5
27.7
32.5
31.4
72.5
10.0
6.7

272.7
16.1
46.5
28.6
30.7
30.1
66.5
9.6
6.4

279.8
15.2
46.6
29.0
31.2
31.2
68.7
10.2
6.7

7.1
8.7
7.6
9.9
5.6
6.2
7.4
5.9
10.5

6.7
9.5
7.0
9.8
5.1
5.9
6.7
5.5
9.9

6.7
8.4
6.8
9.8
5.1
5.8
6.8
5.9
9.9

778.0
334.9
61.3
74.6

793.7
347.9
64.4
75.9

801.0
352.6
63.4
77.5

56.5
17.8
5.6
3.6

44.7
13.1
5.0
2.8

54.3
17.9
5.4
3.4

7.3
5.3
9.2
4.8

5.6
3.8
7.8
3.7

6.6
5.1
8.5
4.4

New Jersey1
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon..
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

June
1994

May
1995

. ..
See footnotes at end of table.

134




June
1995P

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

512.2
20.5
6.2
28.4
5.3
1.9
3.3
65.0
280.3
253.0
8.1
23.5
18.9
7.1

7.1
5.2
7.4
6.6
7.7
6.0
6.5
6.4
8.0
8.5
6.3
5.8
6.2
5.9

6.2
4.7
5.2
5.0
5.0
5.0
6.2
4.8
7.5
8.2
4.8
4.5
5.2
5.3

6.0
4.4
4.8
4.9
4.5
4.4
5.0
4.7
7.5
8.1
4.7
4.1
5.1
4.8

151.3
3.6
25.3
21.2
15.8

172.4
4.1
27.5
24.0
18.6

4.2
3.6
3.8
3.5
2.9

4.2
3.5
3.6
3.4
2.9

4.7
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.3

14.8
2.1
2.9
2.9

9.3
1.5
2.4
1.7

11.5
1.9
2.6
2.2

4.2
4.2
3.1
4.2

2.8
3.0
2.5
2.6

3.4
3.7
2.8
3.3

5,618.2
352.8
201.6
815.5
1,100.0
776.4
469.8
161.0
77.2
87.5
59.3
319.6
284.5

304.1
18.0
11.9
39.9
62.7
31.9
22.6
8.7
4.4
7.6
4.6
17.7
18.5

250.4
15.2
9.3
32.4
50.0
25.8
18.9
6.6
4.0
4.6
3.4
15.0
15.8

261.1
15.8
9.5
34.5
50.7
27.1
19.7
6.9
4.0
5.1
3.5
15.7
16.1

5.4
5.1
6.0
4.9
5.7
4.1
4.8
5.4
5.8
8.6
7.8
5.6
6.6

4.5
4.2
4.6
4.0
4.6
3.3
4.0
4.1
5.2
5.3
5.7
4.7
5.6

4.6
4.5
4.7
4.2
4.6
3.5
4.2
4.3
5.2
5.9
5.8
4.9
5.7

1,554.7
28.3
43.2
506.2
382.6

1,565.5
28.6
43.3
510.4
389.7

90.3
1.2
2.4
23.0
23.0

76.4
1.2
2.3
20.3
16.6

72.7
1.2
2.0
19.3
17.0

5.8
4.3
5.7
4.6
6.0

4.9
4.1
5.2
4.0
4.3

4.6
4.1
4.7
3.8
4.4

1,680.8
158.1
82.9
947.6
166.1

1,688.4
160.3
84.5
970.4
160.5

1,716.7
160.2
84.7
984.1
166.9

91.5
8.7
5.9
42.6
8.8

79.4
7.6
5.4
35.6
7.4

88.8
8.4
6.1
41.2
8.2

5.4
5.5
7.2
4.5
5.3

4.7
4.8
6.4
3.7
4.6

5.2
5.2
7.2
4.2
4.9

6,004.0
279.1
64.8
140.6
341.2
107.7
236.7
2,482.6
1,170.8
180.9
349.2
55.9
62.3
59.1
191.3

5,803.7
272.7
63.2
136.6
331.5
105.0
229.3
2,432.4
1,124.5
175.4
335.7
54.2
61.7
56.6
191.2

5,918.6
278.3
64.5
140.0
338.2
107.0
234.0
2,473.6
1,149.3
179.4
342.6
54.3
62.0
57.4
194.0

345.8
16.6
3.9
8.7
13.9
8.6
9.9
144.4
68.8
8.6
24.1
3.5
2.3
3.6
9.0

340.2
16.7
4.1
8.6
14.5
8.0
9.9
140.4
65.6
10.0
22.7
3.1
2.3
4.2
8.6

353.7
17.5
3.9
9.3
15.6
8.5
10.1
147.0
69.1
9.9
23.7
2.8
2.3
4.0
9.3

5.8
5.9
6.0
6.2
4.1
8.0
4.2
5.8
5.9
4.8
6.9
6.2
3.7
6.1
4.7

5.9
6.1
6.5
6.3
4.4
7.6
4.3
5.8
5.8
5.7
6.7
5.7
3.7
7.3
4.5

6.0
6.3
6.1
6.7
4.6
7.9
4.3
5.9
6.0
5.5
6.9
5.2
3.7
6.9
4.8

507.5
581.6

483.6
555.4

490.2
561.8

33.0
40.5

28.7
34.2

30.4
37.6

6.5
7.0

5.9
6.2

6.2
6.7

June
1994

May
1995

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995*

New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Newburgh
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

8,702.1
460.9
130.5
585.2
119.0
43.9
65.5
1,397.9
3,852.3
3,208.1
173.6
582.5
371.3
146.6

8,488.1
453.8
125.7
567.0
116.5
43.4
62.7
1,347.5
3,774.7
3,151.0
169.8
562.5
365.4
144.1

8,567.5
461.3
127.5
577.9
118.2
44.1
66.1
1,382.9
3,757.1
3,119.0
174.1
571.8
372.6
146.6

620.4
24.1
9.6
38.7
9.2
2.6
4.2
89.2
308.5
272.1
11.0
33.5
23.0
8.6

525.2
21.3
6.6
28.5
5.9
2.2
3.9
65.0
284.2
257.0
8.2
25.3
18.9
7.7

North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

3,621.0
107.8
698.7
618.5
549.9

3,602.8
103.7
704.0
615.1
549.4

3,703.0
107.1
716.2
626.6
562.6

150.9
3.9
26.4
21.4
16.1

350.7
51.4
94.2
68.2

333.1
49.3
93.3
66.2

341.0
50.1
93.5
66.1

Ohio1
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Hamilton-Middletown
Lima
Mansfield
Steubenville-Weirton
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

5,592.9
352.0
198.8
810.5
1,097.7
776.2
470.6
159.1
76.1
88.2
59.4
315.8
282.5

5,611.0
359.3
201.0
809.5
1,098.3
774.2
472.3
163.2
76.5
87.0
58.9
320.6
284.0

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,546.6
27.9
42.1
503.1
382.3

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazelton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

June
1995P

See footnotes at end of table.




135

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

92.8
12.1
9.9
16.5

6.5
6.7
4.7
4.9

4.7
4.8
3.4
3.2

4.9
4.9
3.8
3.4

8.4
1.2
1.4

10.1
1.4
1.6

3.5
3.4
2.6

2.2
2.7
1.6

2.6
3.1
1.8

145.4
11.7
13.9
14.7
27.8
23.7

114.3
9.4
9.7
11.4
21.9
18.1

148.2
12.3
12.3
14.4
27.9
24.1

5.4
5.1
6.1
4.2
5.4
3.9

4.3
4.2
4.4
3.4
4.3
3.0

5.4
5.4
5.5
4.2
5.4
3.8

9,788.3
58.9
112.1
620.1
187.7
107.9
127.9
68.9
182.3
1,750.3
294.4
841.6
127.9
2,036.8
113.0
73.2
103.1
122.3
186.9
122.9
50.9
738.4
48.4
57.3
85.9
43.0
102.0
66.3

682.8
3.6
5.1
22.5
20.9
8.5
17.5
2.4
18.5
100.4
32.0
49.3
12.0
143.8
6.5
6.8
9.6
6.6
33.5
10.2
2.8
39.3
3.2
5.9
5.6
3.0
5.5
4.2

538.3
3.2
4.2
19.3
15.9
7.4
14.3
2.3
14.0
76.4
25.0
37.2
8.8
109.2
5.0
9.6
7.0
4.5
30.8
6.9
2.3
30.5
2.2
4.0
4.1
2.4
4.8
3.1

664.2
3.8
5.6
22.3
20.3
9.0
17.2
2.8
18.5
96.2
30.8
44.4
10.9
133.6
6.2
12.3
9.2
6.5
33.9
8.5
2.5
40.3
2.7
4.7
5.3
3.1
5.8
3.9

7.2
6.2
4.7
3.8
11.2
7.8
13.8
3.6
10.3
5.9
11.2
6.0
9.4
7.2
6.1
9.8
9.4
5.5
18.2
8.4
5.5
5.5
6.6
10.1
6.6
6.9
5.6
6.5

5.6
5.4
3.8
3.1
8.7
7.0
11.5
3.2
7.9
4.5
8.7
4.5
7.1
5.5
4.5
13.6
7.0
3.8
16.8
5.7
4.5
4.2
4.7
7.1
4.9
5.7
4.8
4.8

6.8
6.5
5.0
3.6
10.8
8.3
13.5
4.0
10.1
5.5
10.5
5.3
8.6
6.6
5.5
16.8
8.9
5.3
18.2
6.9
4.9
5.5
5.6
8.3
6.1
7.2
5.7
5.9

974.7
141.0
628.2

1,001.1
145.5
643.6

40.1
5.1
24.4

33.4
4.4
20.0

38.4
5.3
22.7

4.1
3.6
3.8

3.4
3.1
3.2

3.8
3.6
3.5

323.0
94.6

320.3
95.2

322.9
95.8

14.7
3.2

12.2
2.6

12.5
2.7

4.6
3.4

3.8
2.7

3.9
2.8

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

3,469.5
71.7
58.8
106.3
726.1
504.5
130.5

3,539.3
74.7
59.9
109.4
734.8
520.9
134.8

3,576.0
75.2
59.6
109.5
744.8
524.8
136.2

183.4
3.0
5.6
5.4
44.4
24.8
5.8

157.3
2.5
5.8
4.6
34.7
20.1
4.8

169.5
2.5
5.3
4.5
39.2
22.2
5.2

5.3
4.2
9.5
5.0
6.1
4.9
4.4

4.4
3.4
9.8
4.2
4.7
3.9
3.6

4.7
3.3
9.0
4.1
5.3
4.2
3.8

Washington
Spokane
Tacoma
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett

2,704.4
187.0
295.9
1,170.4

2,807.7
199.2
316.6
1,231.1

2,826.6
197.1
314.7
1,220.9

163.7
9.0
19.2
66.6

163.9
9.8
18.3
61.5

163.3
9.8
18.5
62.5

6.1
4.8
6.5
5.7

5.8
4.9
5.8
5.0

5.8
5.0
5.9
5.1

June
1995*

June
1994

June
1994

May
1995

1,860.0
249.0
257.0
470.4

1,869.2
245.8
262.2
483.0

1,882.4
247.2
263.6
485.9

121.0
16.6
12.0
23.1

87.4
11.7
9.0
15.3

385.0
45.2
88.8

378.7
43.2
88.3

388.5
44.5
89.8

13.4
1.5
2.3

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,701.4
228.2
226.5
345.8
512.3
605.7

2,657.5
221.7
221.3
333.2
508.1
609.7

2,724.4
226.5
224.9
343.1
518.2
626.3

Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

9,538.6
58.0
108.7
585.5
186.0
109.2
126.8
67.0
179.2
1,699.6
286.4
821.5
127.6
1,986.2
107.7
69.1
102.6
119.9
184.3
121.6
50.4
710.5
47.9
58.6
84.4
43.1
98.0
64.4

9,580.7
58.9
110.3
614.5
182.3
105.7
124.5
70.2
175.8
1,710.8
286.5
824.7
124.3
1,993.6
110.3
70.5
100.8
119.1
183.6
120.4
50.5
721.8
48.1
56.6
84.1
42.2
101.0
64.3

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen

985.7
142.1
635.0

Vermont
Burlington

South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

See footnotes at end of table.

136




May
1995

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

State and area
June
1994

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper

May

June
1994

May
1995

June
1995P

June
1994

May
1995

795.5
127.3
137.1
75.3
71.1

796.4
128.0
135.9
75.1
71.7

801.4
129.6
136.0
76.2
71.8

68.7
8.4
11.6
4.9
5.0

60.5
7.0
9.2
5.1
4.5

59.2
6.8
8.8
5.2
4.5

8.6
6.6
8.5
6.6
7.0

7.6
5.5
6.8
6.8
6.3

2,863.3
216.2
75.7
123.3
77.5
73.5
69.9
244.5
794.7
94.3
61.4
70.2

2,845.6
214.5
75.9
123.4
78.4
73.5
70.2
248.2
784.5
90.6
59.9
68.9

2,910.6
219.3
75.7
126.0
79.7
73.8
70.8
250.1
801.6
92.3
62.4
70.0

143.2
9.6
3.8
5.7
4.2
4.0
2.8
6.0
42.6
5.9
2.3
4.3

106.2
7.1
2.7
4.0
3.4
2.8
2.5
4.5
27.7
3.8
1.7
3.0

108.4
6.8
2.7
4.2
3.4
2.8
2.5
4.4
30.8
4.1
2.1
3.1

5.0
4.5
5.0
4.6
5.5
5.5
4.0
2.5
5.4
6.3
3.8
6.1

3.7
3.3
3.6
3.2
4.3
3.8
3.6
1.8
3.5
4.2
2.8
4.3

254.3
30.9

252.4
31.2

260.4
31.3

11.9
1.7

11.2
1.6

10.8
1.5

4.7
5.5

4.4
5.1

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey (CPS). See the
Explanatory Notes for Region, State, and Area Labor Force Data.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. All estimates are provisional and will




June
1995P

be revised when new benchmark and population information becomes available.
Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
Estimates for metropolitan areas in New York have been revised.

137

Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) household interviews, and (2) reports
from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from
the Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of
the population 16 years of age and over. The survey is con­
ducted each month by the Bureau of the Census for the
Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data
on the labor force, the employed, and the unemployed, clas­
sified by such characteristics as age, sex, race, family rela­
tionship, marital status, occupation, and industry attach­
ment. The survey also provides data on the characteristics
and past work experience of those not in the labor force.
The information is collected by trained interviewers from
a sample of about 60,000 households located in 729 sample
areas. These areas are chosen to represent all counties and
independent cities in the U.S., with coverage in 50 States
and the District of Columbia. The data collected are based
on the activity or status reported for the calendar week in­
cluding the 12th of the month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires and telephone interviews
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State
agencies. The Current Employment Statistics (CES) sur­
vey is designed to provide industry information on nonfarm wage and salary employment, average weekly hours,
average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for
the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The employ­
ment, hours, and earnings series are based on payroll re­
ports from a sample of about 390,000 establishments em­
ploying over 47 million nonfarm wage and salary workers.
The data relate to all workers, full or part time, who re­
ceive pay during the payroll period which includes the 12th
of the month.

RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data complement one
another, each providing significant types of information that
the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteris­
tics, for example, are obtained only from the household
survey, whereas detailed industrial classifications are much
more reliably derived from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other be­
cause of variations in definitions and coverage, source of




information, methods of collection, and estimating proce­
dures. Sampling variability and response errors are addi­
tional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which
have a differential effect on the levels and trends of the
two data series are as follows.

Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics
and other private household workers), self-employed per­
sons, and unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more
during the reference week in family-operated enterprises.
Employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural in­
dustries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage
and salary employees on the payrolls of nonfarm establish­
ments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides infor­
mation on the work status of the population without dupli­
cation, since each person is classified as employed, unem­
ployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons hold­
ing more than one job are counted only once. In the figures
based on establishment reports, persons who worked in more
than one establishment during the reporting period are
counted each time their names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were
not at work during the reference week—that is, were not
working but had jobs from which they were temporarily
absent because of illness, vacation, bad weather, childcare
problems, labor-management disputes, or because they were
taking time off for various other reasons, even if they were
not paid by their employers for the time off. In the figures
based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the
company are included, but those on leave without pay for
the entire payroll period are not.

Hours of work
The household survey measures hours worked for all
workers whereas the payroll survey measures hours for pri­
vate production and nonsupervisory workers paid for by
employers. In the household survey, all persons with a job
but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions
and the computations of average hours at work. In the pay139

roll survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid
vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and
assigned the number of hours for which they were paid
during the reporting period.

Earnings
The household survey measures the earnings of wage
and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both
the private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earn­
ings received from the worker's sole or primary job. Data
from the establishment survey generally refer to average
earnings of production and related workers in mining and
manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and
nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing in­
dustries. For a comprehensive discussion of the various
earnings series available from the household and establish­
ment surveys, see BLS Measures of Compensation, BLS
Bulletin 2239 (1986).

COMPARABILITY OF HOUSEHOLD DATA WITH
OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from
the household survey includes all persons who did not have
a job during the reference week, were currently available
for a job, and were looking for work or were waiting to be
called back to a job from which they had been laid off,
whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insur­
ance. Figures on unemployment insurance claims, prepared
by the Employment and Training Administration of the U.S.
Department of Labor, exclude, in addition to otherwise in­
eligible persons who do not file claims for benefits, per­
sons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers
who have not earned rights to unemployment insurance,
and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment in­
surance systems (some workers in agriculture, domestic
services, and religious organizations, and self-employed and
unpaid family workers).
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment
compensation differ from the definition of unemployment
used in the household survey. For example, persons with a
job but not at work and persons working only a few hours
during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment
compensation but are classified as employed rather than
unemployed in the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences
between State insured unemployment and total unemploy­
ment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemploy­

140




ment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the
Monthly Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the U.S. Department
of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are
the inclusion of persons under 16 in the National Agricul­
tural Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual job­
holders, who are counted more than once if they work on
more than one farm during the reporting period. There are
also wide differences in sampling techniques and data col­
lecting and estimating methods, which cannot be readily
measured in terms of their impact on differences in the lev­
els and trends of the two series.

COMPARABILITY OF PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufacturers and business, Bureau of the
Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment dif­
fer from employment counts derived by the Bureau of the
Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufactur­
ing and business establishments. The major reasons for
noncomparability are different treatment of business units
considered parts of an establishment, such as central ad­
ministrative offices and auxiliary units; the industrial clas­
sification of establishments; and different reporting patterns
by multiunit companies. There are also differences in the
scope of the industries covered, e.g., the Census of Busi­
ness excludes professional services, public utilities, and
financial establishments, whereas these are included in the
BLS statistics.
County Business Patterns, Bureau of the Census. Data in
County Business Patterns (CBP) differ from BLS estab­
lishment statistics in the treatment of central administra­
tive offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise
because of industrial classification and reporting practices.
In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and most of
government, and coverage is incomplete for some of the
nonprofit agencies.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance
programs. Most nonfarm wage and salary workers are
covered by the unemployment insurance programs.
However, some employees, such as those working in
parochial schools and churches, are not covered by
unemployment insurance, whereas they are included in the
BLS establishment statistics.

Household Data
("A" tables, monthly; "D" tables, quarterly)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population and
related data are compiled by BLS using data from the Cur­
rent Population Survey (CPS). This monthly survey of house­
holds is conducted for BLS by the Bureau of the Census
through a scientifically selected sample designed to repre­
sent the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents
are interviewed to obtain information about the employment
status of each member of the household 16 years of age and
over. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the cal­
endar week, Sunday through Saturday, which includes the
12th day of the month. This is known as the "reference week."
Actual field interviewing is conducted in the following week,
referred to as the "survey week."
Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for
interview. Some 2,600 of these households are contacted but
interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not at
home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other rea­
sons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey that
ranges between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the 60,000
occupied units, there are 11,500 sample units in an average
month which are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise
not eligible for enumeration. Part of the sample is changed
each month. The rotation plan, as explained later, provides
for three-fourths of the sample to be commonfromone month
to the next, and one-half to be common with the same month
a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data
have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the
inception of the survey in 1940; those in use as of January
1994 are as follows:
Civilian noninstitutional population. Included are persons
16 years of age and older residing in the 50 States and the
District of Columbia who are not inmates of institutions (e.g.,
penal and mental facilities, homes for the aged), and who
are not on active duty in the Armed Forces.
Employed persons. All persons who, during the reference
week, (a) did any work at all (at least 1 hour) as paid em­
ployees, worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid work­
ers in an enterprise operated by a member of the family, and
(b) all those who were not working but who had jobs or busi­
nesses from which they were temporarily absent because of
vacation, illness, bad weather, child-care problems, mater­




nity or paternity leave, labor-management dispute, job train­
ing, or other family or personal reasons, whether or not they
were paid for the time off or were seeking other jobs.
Each employed person is counted only once, even if he or
she holds more than one job. For purposes of occupation
and industry classification, multiple jobholders are counted
in the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours
during the reference week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign coun­
tries who are temporarily in the United States but not living
on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons whose
only activity consisted of work around their own house
(painting, repairing, or own home housework) or volunteer
work for religious, charitable, and other organizations.
Unemployed persons. All persons who had no employment
during the reference week, were available for work, except
for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find
employment some time during the 4-week-period ending
with the reference week. Persons who were waiting to be
recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not
have been looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment. This represents the length of time
(through the current reference week) that persons classified
as unemployed had been looking for work. For persons on
layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number of
full weeks they had been on layoff. Mean duration is the
arithmetic average computed from single weeks of unem­
ployment; median duration is the midpoint of a
distribution of weeks of unemployment.
Reason for unemployment. Unemployment is also catego­
rized according to the status of individuals at the time they
began to look for work. The reasons for unemployment are
divided into five major groups: (1) Job losers, comprised of
(a) persons on temporary layoff, who have been given a date
to return to work or who expect to return within 6 months
(persons on layoff need not be looking for work to qualify
as unemployed), and (b) permanent job losers, whose em­
ployment ended involuntarily and who began looking for
work; (2) Job leavers are persons who quit or otherwise
terminated their employment voluntarily and immediately
began looking for work; (3) Persons who completed temporary jobs, who began looking for work after the jobs ended;
(4) Reentrants are persons who previously worked but were
out of the labor force prior to beginning their job search; (5)
New entrants are persons who never worked. Each of these
five categories of the unemployed can be expressed as a pro­
portion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the four
rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian work141

ers. (For statistical presentation purposes, "job losers" and
"persons who completed temporary jobs" are combined into
a single category until seasonal adjustments can be devel­
oped for the separate categories.)
Jobseekers. All unemployed persons who made specific ef­
forts to find a job sometime during the 4-week period pre­
ceding the survey week are classified as jobseekers.
Jobseekers do not include persons classified as on tempo­
rary layoff, who although often looking for work, are not
required to do so to be classified as unemployed. Jobseekers
are grouped by the methods used to seek work. Only active
methods—which have the potential to result in a job offer
without further action on the part of the jobseeker—qualify
as job search. Examples include going to an employer di­
rectly or to a public or private employment agency, seeking
assistance from friends or relatives, placing or answering
ads, or using some other active method. Examples of the
"other" category include being on a union or professional
register, obtaining assistance from a community organiza­
tion, or waiting at a designated labor pickup point. Passive
methods, which do not qualify as job search, include read­
ing (as opposed to answering or placing) "help wanted" ads
and taking a job training course.
Labor force. This group comprises all persons classified as
employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria
described above.
Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate represents the
number unemployed as a percent of the labor force.
Participation rate. This represents the proportion of the popu­
lation that is in the labor force.
Employment-population ratio. This represents the propor­
tion of the population that is employed.
Not in the labor force. Included in this group are all persons
in the civilian noninstitutional population who are neither
employed nor unemployed. Information is collected on their
desire for and availability to take a job at the time of the
CPS interview, job search activity in the prior year, and rea­
son for not looking in the 4 week period prior to the survey
week. This group includes discouraged workers, defined as
persons not in the labor force who want and are available
for a job and who have looked for work sometime in the
past 12 months (or since the end of their last job if they held
one within the past 12 months), but are not currently look­
ing, because they believe there are no jobs available or there
are none for which they would qualify.
Persons classified as not in the labor force who are in the
sample for either their fourth or eighth month are asked
additional questions relating to job history and workseeking
intentions. These latter data are available on a quarterly basis.
142




Occupation, industry, and class of worker. This information
for the employed applies to the job held in the reference
week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in the
job at which they worked the greatest number of hours. The
unemployed are classified according to their last job. The
occupational and industrial classification of CPS data is
based on the coding systems used in the 1990 census.
The class-of-worker breakdown assigns workers to the
following categories: Private and government wage and sal­
ary workers, self-employed workers, and unpaid family
workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages, salary,
commissions, tips, or pay in kind from a private employer
orfroma government unit. Self-employed persons are those
who work for profit or fees in their own business, profes­
sion, trade, or farm. Only the unincorporated self-employed
are included in the self-employed category in the class of
worker typology. Self-employed persons who respond that
their businesses are incorporated are included among wage
and salary workers, because technically, they are paid em­
ployees of a corporation. Unpaid family workers are per­
sons working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a
farm or in a business operated by a member of the house­
hold to whom they are related by birth or marriage.
Multiple jobholders. These are employed persons who, dur­
ing the reference week, had either two or more jobs as a
wage and salary worker, were self-employed and also held a
wage and salary job, or worked as an unpaid family worker
and also held a wage and salary job. A person employed
only in private households (cleaner, gardener, babysitter, etc.)
who worked for two or more employers during the refer­
ence week is not counted as a multiple jobholder, since work­
ing for several employers is considered an inherent charac­
teristic of private household work. Also excluded are selfemployed persons with multiple businesses and persons with
multiple jobs as unpaid family workers.
Hours of work. These statistics relate to the actual number
of hours worked during the reference week. For example,
persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were off on
the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32
hours, even though they were paid for the holiday. For per­
sons working in more than one job, the published figures
relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs during the
week; all the hours are credited to the major job. Unpub­
lished data are available for the hours worked in each job
and for usual hours.
At work part time for economic reasons. Sometimes referred
to as involuntary part time, this category refers to individu­
als who gave an economic reason for working 1 to 34 hours
during the reference week. Economic reasons include slack
work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find
full-time work, and seasonal declines in demand. Those who
usually work part time must also indicate that they want and
are available to work full time to be classified as on part
time for economic reasons.

At work part time for noneconomic reasons. This group in­
cludes those persons who usually work part time and were
at work 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for a noneconomic reason. Noneconomic reasons include, for ex­
ample: Illness or other medical limitations, child-care prob­
lems or other family or personal obligations, school or train­
ing, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and
being in a job where full-time work is less than 35 hours.
The group also includes those who gave an economic rea­
son for usually working 1 to 34 hours but said they do not
want to work full time or were unavailable for such work.
Usual full- or part-time status. Data on persons "at work"
exclude persons who were temporarily absent from a job
and therefore classified in the zero-hours-worked category,
"with a job but not at work." These are persons who were
absent from their jobs for the entire week for such reasons
as bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor
dispute. In order to differentiate a person's normal schedule
from their activity during the reference week, persons are
also classified according to their usual full- or part-time sta­
tus. In this context, full-time workers are those who usually
worked 35 hours or more (at all jobs combined). This group
will include some individuals who worked less than 35 hours
in the reference week for either economic or noneconomic
reasons and those who are temporarily absent from work.
Similarly, part-time workers are those who usually work less
than 35 hours per week (at all jobs), regardless of the num­
ber of hours worked in the reference week. This may in­
clude some individuals who actually worked more than 34
hours in the reference week, as well as those who are tem­
porarily absent from work. Thefull-time laborforce includes
all employed persons who usually work full time and unem­
ployed persons who are either looking for full-time work or
are on layoff from full-time jobs. The part-time labor force
consists of employed persons who usually work part time
and unemployed persons who are seeking or are on layoff
from part-time jobs. Unemployment rates for full- and parttime workers are calculated using the concepts of the fulland part-time labor force.
White, black, and other. These are terms used to describe
the race of persons. Included in the "other" group are Ameri­
can Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Island­
ers. Because of the relatively small sample size, data for
"other" races are not published. In the enumeration pro­
cess, race is determined by the household respondent.
Hispanic origin. This refers to persons who identified them­
selves in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican,
Cuban, Central or South American, or of other Hispanic ori­
gin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any
race; thus they are included in both the white and black popu­
lation groups.
Vietnam-era veterans. These are persons who served in the




Armed Forces of the United States between August 5,1964,
and May 7, 1975. Published data are limited to men in the
civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institu­
tions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are persons who
never served in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings. Data represent earnings before taxes
and other deductions, and include any overtime pay, com­
missions, or tips usually received (at the main job in the
case of multiple jobholders.) Earnings reported on a basis
other than weekly (e.g., annual, monthly, hourly) are con­
verted to weekly. The term "usual" is as perceived by the
respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual,
interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than
half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. Data
refer to wage and salary workers (excluding self-employed
persons who respond that their business's were incorporated)
who usually work full time on their sole or primary job.
Median earnings. These figures indicate the value which
divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one
part having values above the median and the other having
values below the median. The medians as shown in this pub­
lication are calculated by linear interpolation of the $50 cen­
tered interval within which each median falls. Data expressed
in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer Price In­
dex for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status. These are the terms used to define the mari­
tal status of individuals at the time of interview. Married,
spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were
living in the same household, even though one may be tem­
porarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a hospi­
tal, etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are mar­
ried, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse
absent relates to persons who are separated due to marital
problems, as well as husbands and wives who are living apart
because one or the other was employed elsewhere, on duty
with the Armed Forces, or any other reasons.
Household. A household consists of all persons—related
family members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a
housing unit and have no other usual address. A house, an
apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room is regarded as
a housing unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as
separate living quarters. A householder is the person (or one
of the persons) in whose name the housing unit is owned or
rented. The term is never applied to either husbands or wives
in married-couple families but relates only to persons in fami­
lies maintained by either men or women without a spouse.
Family. A family is defined as a group of two or more per­
sons residing together who are related by birth, marriage, or
adoption; all such persons are considered as members of one
family. Families are classified either as married-couple fami143

lies or as families maintained by women or men without
spouses. A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in
which the householder is either single, widowed, divorced,
or married, spouse absent. Data on the earnings of families
exclude all those in which there is no wage or salary earner
or in which the husband, wife, or other person maintaining
the family is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.

Gordon Committee). The principal improvements were as
follows:
a) A 4-week job search period and specific questions on
jobseeking activity were introduced. Previously, the ques­
tionnaire was ambiguous as to the time period for jobseeking
and there were no specific questions concerning job-search
methods.

HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Changes in concepts and methods
While current survey concepts and methods are very simi­
lar to those introduced at the inception of the survey in 1940,
a number of changes have been made over the years to im­
prove the accuracy and usefulness of the data. Some of the
most important changes include:
• In 1945, the questionnaire was radically changed with
the introduction of four basic employment questions. Prior
to that time, the survey did not contain specific question
wording, but rather relied on a complicated scheme of ac­
tivity prioritization.
• In 1953, the current 4-8-4 rotation system was adopted,
whereby households are interviewed for 4 consecutive
months, leave the sample for 8 months, and then return to
the sample for the same 4 months of the following year.
Before this system was introduced, households were inter­
viewed for 6 consecutive months and then replaced. The new
system provided some year-to-year overlap in the sample,
thereby improving measurement over time.
• In 1955, the survey reference week was changed to the
calendar week including the 12th day of the month, for
greater consistency with the reference period used for other
labor-related statistics. Previously, the calendar week con­
taining the 8th day of the month had been used as the refer­
ence week.
• In 1957, the employment definition was modified slightly
as a result of a comprehensive interagency review of labor
force concepts and methods. Two relatively small groups of
persons classified as employed, under "with a job but not at
work," were assigned to different classifications. Persons on
layoff with definite instructions to return to work within 30
days of the layoff date, and persons volunteering that they were
waiting to start a new wage and salary job within 30 days of
interview, were, for the most part, reassigned to the unem­
ployed classification. The only exception was the small sub­
group in school during the reference week but waiting to start
new jobs, which was transferred to not in the labor force.
• In 1967, more substantive changes were made as a re­
sult of the recommendations of the President's Committee
to Appraise Employment and Unemployment Statistics (the

144




b) An availability test was introduced whereby a person
must be currently available for work in order to be classi­
fied as unemployed. Previously, there was no such require­
ment. This revision to the concept mainly affected students,
who, for example, may begin to look for summer jobs in the
spring although they will not be available until June or July.
Such persons, until 1967, had been classified as unemployed
but since have been assigned to the "not in the labor force"
category.
c) Persons "with a job but not at work" because of strikes,
bad weather, etc., who volunteered that they were looking
for work, were shifted from unemployed status to employed.
d) The lower age limit for official statistics on employ­
ment, unemployment, and other labor force concepts was
raised from 14 to 16 years. Historical data for most major
series have been revised to provide consistent information
based on the new minimum age limit.
e) New questions were added to obtain additional infor­
mation on persons not in the labor force, including those
referred to as "discouraged workers," defined as persons who
indicate that they want a job but are not currently looking
because they believe there are no jobs available or none for
which they would qualify.
f) New "probing" questions were added to the question­
naire in order to increase the reliability of information on
hours of work, duration of unemployment, and self-employ­
ment.
• In 1994, major changes to the Current Population Sur­
vey (CPS) were introduced, which included a complete re­
design of the questionnaire and the use of computer-assisted
interviewing for the entire survey. In addition, there were
revisions to some of the labor force concepts and defini­
tions, including the implementation of some changes rec­
ommended in 1979 by the National Commission on Em­
ployment and Unemployment Statistics (NCEUS, also
known as the Levitan Commission). Some of the major
changes to the survey were:
a) The introduction of a redesigned and automated ques­
tionnaire. The CPS questionnaire was totally redesigned in
order to obtain more accurate, comprehensive, and relevant

information, and to take advantage of state-of-the-art computer interviewing techniques.
b) The addition of two, more objective, criteria to the definition of discouraged workers. Prior to 1994, to be classified as a discouraged worker, a person must have wanted a
job and be reported as not currently looking because of a
belief that no jobs were available or that there were none for
which he or she would qualify. Beginning in 1994, persons
classified as discouraged must also have looked for a job
within the past year (or since their last job, if they worked
during the year), and must have been available for work
during the reference week (a direct question on availability
was added in 1994; prior to 1994, availability had been inferred from responses to other questions). These changes
were made because the NCEUS and others felt that the previous definition of discouraged workers was too subjective,
relying mainly on an individual's stated desire for a job and
not on prior testing of the labor market.
c) Similarly, the identification of persons employed part
time for economic reasons (working less than 35 hours in
the reference week because of poor business conditions or
because of an inability to find full-time work) was tightened
by adding two new criteria for persons who usually work
part time: They must want and be available for full-time
work. Previously, such information was inferred. (Persons
who usually work full time but worked part time for an economic reason during the reference week are assumed to meet
these criteria.)
d) Specific questions were added about the expectation
of recall for persons who indicate that they are on layoff. To
be classified as "on temporary layoff," persons must expect
to be recalled to their jobs. Previously, the questionnaire did
not include explicit questions about the expectation of recall.
e) Persons volunteering that they were waiting to start a
new job within 30 days must have looked for work in the 4
weeks prior to the survey in order to be classified as unemployed. Previously, such persons did not have to meet the
job-search requirement in order to be included among the
unemployed.
For additional information on changes in CPS concepts
and methods, see Concepts and Methods used in Labor
Force Statistics Derived from the Current Population
Survey, BLS Report 463, October 1976 and "Overhauling
the Current Population Survey—Why is it Necessary to
Change?," "Redesigning the Questionnaire," and "Evaluating Changes in the Estimates," Monthly Labor Review,
September 1993, and "Revisions in the Current Population
Survey Effective January 1994," in the February 1994 issue of this publication.




Noncomparability ot labor force levels
In addition to the refinements in concepts, definitions, and
methods made over the years, other changes have also affected the comparability of the labor force data.
• Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from
the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population
levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total employment, and agricultural employment were increased by
about 350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and
men; other categories were relatively unaffected.
• Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii
resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population
and about 300,000 in the labor force. Four-fifths of this increase was in nonagricultural employment; other labor force
categories were not appreciably affected.
• Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the
1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and
labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually unchanged.
• Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census
was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing
the population by about 800,000; labor force and employment totals were raised by a little more than 300,000; unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged.
• In March 1973, a subsequent population adjustment
based on the 1970 census was introduced. This adjustment,
which affected the white and black-and-other groups but had
little effect on totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly
300,000 in the white population and an increase of the same
magnitude in the black-and-other population. Civilian labor
force and total employment figures were affected to a lesser
degree; the white labor force was reduced by 150,000, and
the black-and-other labor force rose by about 210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not significantly affected.
• Beginning in January 1974, the method used to prepare
independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to an "inflation-deflation" approach.
This change in the derivation of the estimates had its greatest impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year old men—particularly those of the black-and-other population—but had little
effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and over.
Additional information on the adjustment procedure appears
in "CPS Population Controls Derived from Inflation-Deflation Method of Estimation," in the February 1974 issue of
this publication.
• Effective in July 1975, as a result of the large inflow of
Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and

145

black-and-other independent population controls for per­
sons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by 76,000 —
(30,000 men and 46,000 women). The addition of the refu­
gees increased the black-and-other population by less than
1 percent in any age-sex group, with all of the changes be­
ing confined to the "other" component of the population.
• Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an ex­
pansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation proce­
dures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the civilian
labor force and employment totals; unemployment levels
and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the
procedural changes and an indication of the differences ap­
pear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in Janu­
ary 1978" in the February 1978 issue of this publication.
• Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual
was determined by the household respondent for the incom­
ing rotation group households, rather than by the interviewer
as before. The purpose of this change was to provide more
accurate estimates of characteristics by race. Thus, in Octo­
ber 1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race de­
termined by the household respondent and seven-eighths of
the sample households had race determined by interviewer
observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire
sample had race determined by the household respondent.
The new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
• Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio adjust­
ment method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure.
Differences between the old and new procedures existed only
for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for
the total United States. The reasoning behind the change and
an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the Febru­
ary 1979 issue of this publication.
• Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio ad­
justment method was changed. The purpose of the change
and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the Feb­
ruary 1982 issue of this publication. In addition, current
population estimates used in the second-stage estimation pro­
cedure were derived from information obtained from the
1980 census, rather than the 1970 census. This change caused
substantial increases in the total population and in the esti­
mates of persons in all labor force categories. Rates for la­
bor force characteristics, however, remained virtually un­
changed. Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted back
to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment pro­
cedure used is also described in the February 1982
article cited above. The revisions did not, however, smooth
out the breaks in series occurring between 1972 and 1979
(described above), and data users should consider them when
146




comparing estimates from different periods.
• Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjust­
ment method was updated to incorporate data from the 1980
census. The purpose of the change and an indication of its
effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics
appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Be­
ginning in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of this
publication. There were only slight differences between the
old and new procedures in estimates of levels for the vari­
ous labor force characteristics and virtually no differences
in estimates of participation rates.
• Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the
CPS estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment,
the first- and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the com­
posite estimator—were revised. These procedures are de­
scribed in the Estimating Methods section. A description of
the changes and an indication of their effect on national es­
timates of labor force characteristics appear in "Changes in
the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of
this publication. Overall, the revisions had only a slight ef­
fect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on estimates
of persons of Hispanic origin. Major estimates were revised
back to January 1980.
• Beginning in January 1986, the population controls used
in the second-stage ratio adjustment method were revised to
reflect an explicit estimate of the number of undocumented
immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980 and an improved
estimate of the number of emigrants among legal foreignborn residents for the same time period. As a result, the total
civilian population and labor force estimates were raised by
nearly 400,000; civilian employment was increased by about
350,000. The Hispanic-origin population and labor force
estimates were raised by about 425,000 and 305,000, respec­
tively, and Hispanic employment by 270,000. Overall and
subgroup unemployment levels and rates were not signifi­
cantly affected. Because of the magnitude of the adjustments
for Hispanics, data were revised back to January 1980 to the
extent possible. An explanation of the changes and their
effect on estimates of labor force characteristics appear in
"Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Popu­
lation Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the February
1986 issue of this publication.
• Beginning in August 1989, the second-stage ratio esti­
mate cells were changed slightly to decrease the chance of
very small cells occurring and to be more consistent with
published age, sex, race cells. This change had virtually no
effect on national estimates.
• Beginning in January 1994, population estimates used
in the second stage estimation procedure were based on in-

formation obtained from the 1990 census (adjusted for the
undercount as measured by the Census Bureau's Post Enu­
meration Survey). This change resulted in substantial in­
creases in total population and in all major labor force cat­
egories. Under the new population controls, the civilian
noninstitutional population increased by about 1.3 million,
with much of the increase occurring among Hispanics. Esti­
mates of employment were raised by about 950,000, and
unemployment by approximately 200,000. In addition, the
overall unemployment rate rose by about 0.1 percentage
point, largely reflecting the increase in the Hispanic share
of the population, which has a higher-than-average incidence
of unemployment. For further information, see "Revisions
to the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994,"
in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
Additionally, for the period January through May 1994,
the composite estimation procedure was suspended due to
technical and logistical reasons.

Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification system
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational
employment data was affected as a result of changes in the
occupational classification system for the 1970 census that
were introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further
affected in December 1971, when a question relating to major
activity or duties was added to the monthly CPS question­
naire in order to determine more precisely the occupational
classification of individuals. As a result of these changes,
meaningful comparisons of occupational employment lev­
els could not be made between 1971-72 and prior years nor
between those 2 years. Unemployment rates were not sig­
nificantly affected. For a further explanation of the changes
in the occupational classification system, see "Revisions in
Occupational Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in
the Current Population Survey" in the February 1971 and
February 1972 issues, respectively, of this publication.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and indus­
trial classification systems used in the 1980 census were in­
troduced into the CPS. The 1980 census occupational clas­
sification system evolved from the Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system and was so radically different
in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that
comparisons of historical data are not possible without ma­
jor adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales
occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category
"sales workers." Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in
retail trade establishments from "managers and administra­
tors, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980 cen­
sus was based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classifica­
tion (SIC) system, as modified in 1977. The adoption of the
new system had much less of an adverse effect on historical
comparability than did the new occupational system. The
most notable changes from the 1970 system were the trans­




fer of farm equipment stores from "retail" to "wholesale"
trade, postal service from "public administration" to "trans­
portation," and some interchange between "professional and
related services" and "public administration." Additional in­
formation on the 1980 census occupational and industrial
classification systems appears in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the Feb­
ruary 1983 issue of this publication.
Beginning in January 1992, the occupational and indus­
trial classification systems used in the 1990 census were in­
troduced into the CPS. (These systems were largely based on
the 1980 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) and
1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) systems, respec­
tively.) There were a few breaks in comparability between the
1980 and 1990 census-based systems, particularly within the
"technical, sales, and administrative support" categories. The
most notable changes in industry classification were the shift
of several industriesfrom"business services" to "professional
services" and the splitting of some industries into smaller,
more detailed categories. A number of industry titles were
changed as well, with no change in content.

Sampling
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various
changes in the design of the CPS sample. The sample is tra­
ditionally redesigned and a new sample selected after each
decennial census. Also, the number of sample areas and the
number of sample persons are changed occasionally. Most
of these changes are made in order to improve the efficiency
of the sample design and/or to increase the reliability of the
sample estimates. When Alaska and Hawaii received state­
hood, three sample areas were added to the existing sample
to account for the population of these States. In January 1978,
a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in
24 States and the District of Columbia, was designed to pro­
vide more reliable annual average estimates for States. In
October 1978, a coverage improvement sample of approxi­
mately 450 sample household units representing 237,000
occupied mobile homes and 600,000 new construction hous­
ing units was added. In January 1980, another supplemental
sample of 9,000 households selected in 32 States and the
District of Columbia was added. A sample reduction of about
6,000 units was implemented in May 1981. In January 1982,
the sample was expanded by 100 households to provide ad­
ditional coverage in counties added to Standard Metropoli­
tan Statistical Areas (SMSA's), which were redefined in 1973.
In January 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was selected
based on 1980 census information. A sample reduction of
about 4,000 households was implemented in April 1988; they
were reinstated during the 8-month period, April-Novem­
ber 1989. A redesigned CPS sample based on the 1990 de­
cennial census has been selected for use during the 1990's.
Households from this new sample will be phased in during
the April 1994 through July 1995 period. For further infor­
mation see "Redesign of the Sample for the Current Popula­
tion Survey" in the May 1994 issue of this publication.
147

The 1980 census-based sample design includes about
72,000 housing units per month located in 729 selected geo­
graphic areas called primary sampling units (PSU's). The
sample was initially selected so that specific reliability cri­
teria were met nationally, for each of the 50 States, for the
District of Columbia, and for the sub-State areas of New
York City and the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan
area. Since 1985, these reliability criteria have been main­
tained through periodic additions and deletions in the State
samples. The criteria, given below, are based on the coeffi­
cient of variation (CV) of the unemployment rate, where the
CV is defined as the standard error of the estimate divided
by the estimate, expressed as a percentage. These CV con­
trols assume a 6-percent unemployment rate to establish a
consistent specification of sampling error.
Nationally, a 1.8-percent CV is maintained on the monthly
unemployment rate estimate. This means that a change of
0.2 percentage point in the unemployment rate is significant
at a 90-percent confidence level.
In 11 States—California, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts,
Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, and Texas—the most populous States at the
time of the 1980 decennial census, an 8-percent CV is main­
tained on the monthly unemployment rate estimates. In the
other 39 States and the District of Columbia, an 8-percent
CV is maintained on the annual unemployment rate esti­
mate. In New York City and the Los Angeles-Long Beach
metropolitan area, a 9-percent CV is maintained on the
monthly unemployment rate estimates.
In the first stage of sampling, the 729 sample areas are
chosen. In the second stage, ultimate sampling unit clusters
composed of about four housing units each are selected. Each
month, about 72,000 housing units are assigned for data
collection, of which about 60,000 are occupied and thus eli­
gible for interview. The remainder are units found to be de­
stroyed, vacant, converted to nonresidential use, containing
persons whose usual place of residence is elsewhere, or in­
eligible for other reasons. Of the 60,000 housing units, 4 to
5 percent are not interviewed in a given month due to tem­
porary absence (vacation, etc.), other failures to make con­
tact after repeated attempts, inability of persons contacted
to respond, unavailability for other reasons, and refusals to
cooperate (about half of the noninterviews). Information is
obtained each month for about 113,000 persons 16 years of
age and older.
Selection of sample areas. The entire area of the United
States, consisting of 3,137 counties and independent cities,
is divided into 1,973 sample units (PSU's). In most States,
a PSU consists of a county or a number of contiguous coun­
ties. In New England and Hawaii, minor civil divisions are
used instead of counties.
Metropolitan areas within a State are used as a basis for
forming PSU's. Outside of metropolitan areas, counties nor­
mally are combined, except where the geographic area of
the sample county is very large. Combining counties to form
148




PSU's provides greater heterogeneity; a typical PSU includes
urban and rural residents of both high and low economic
levels and encompasses, to the extent feasible, diverse oc­
cupations and industries. Another important consideration
is to have the PSU sufficiently compact so that, with a small
sample spread throughout, it can be efficiently canvassed
without undue travel cost.
The 1,973 PSU's are grouped into strata within each State.
Then one PSU is selected from each stratum with the prob­
ability of selection proportional to the population of the PSU.
There are 314 PSU's in strata by themselves that are selfrepresenting, and generally these are the most populated
PSU's in each State. The remaining strata are formed by
combining PSU's that are similar in such characteristics as
population growth; proportions of blacks and of Hispanics
(in certain States); and population distribution by occupa­
tion, industry, age, and sex. The PSU's, randomly selected
from these strata, are non-self-representing, because each
one chosen represents the entire stratum. The probability of
selecting a particular PSU in a non-self-representing stra­
tum is proportional to its 1980 population. For example,
within a stratum, the chance that a PSU with a population of
50,000 would be selected for the sample is twice that for a
PSU having a population of 25,000.
Selection of sample households. Because the sample design
is State based, the sampling ratio differs by State and de­
pends on the reliability requirements for estimates for each
State. The State sampling ratios range roughly from 1 in
every 200 households to 1 in every 2,500 households in each
stratum of the State. The sampling ratio occasionally is
modified slightly to hold the size of the sample relatively
constant given the overall growth of the population. The sam­
pling ratio used within a sample PSU depends on the prob­
ability of selection of the PSU and the sampling ratio for the
State. In a sample PSU with a probability of selection of 1 in
10 with a State sampling ratio of 1 in 2,500, the within-PSU
sampling ratio that results is 1 in 250, thereby achieving the
desired ratio of 1 in 2,500 for the stratum.
Within each designated PSU, several steps are involved
in selecting the housing units to be enumerated. First, the
1980 census enumeration districts (ED's), which are admin­
istrative units and contain on the average about 300 housing
units, are ordered so that the sample would reflect the de­
mographic and residential characteristics of the PSU. Within
each ED, the housing units are sorted geographically and
are grouped into clusters of approximately four housing units.
Next, a systematic sample of these clusters of housing units
is selected.
The identification of the sample housing units within an
ED is made wherever possible from the list of ED addresses
compiled during the 1980 census. The address lists are used
in about three-fourths of the ED's, primarily in urban areas.
Area sampling is applied in the remaining ED's, mostly in
rural areas. In ED's where address lists are used, automated
methods are used to form clusters of geographically con-

tiguous housing units. An effort is made to have all small,
multi-unit addresses (two to four housing units) included in
the same cluster. The methods use the within-PSU sampling
ratio to identify appropriate clusters for the sample. Supple­
mental samples are also prepared to account for addresses
in isolated geographic areas and to account for housing units
not found on the address lists, including housing units newly
constructed in the PSU since the census date. The addresses
of these units are obtained mainly from records of building
permits.
In those ED's where area sampling methods are used,
mainly rural areas, the ED's are subdivided into small land
"chunks" with well-defined boundaries and having, in gen­
eral, an expected "size" of about 8 to 12 housing units or
other living quarters. For each subdivided ED, one chunk
(or more) is designated for the sample. When a selected chunk
contains about four households, for example, all units are
included in the sample. When the size of the chunk is sev­
eral times four units, an interviewer does not conduct inter­
views at all housing units in the chunk but uses a systematic
sampling pattern to obtain approximately four households.
The remaining housing units in the chunk are then available
for further samples. Area ED's also make use of building
permit lists to identify newly constructed housing units.
Rotation ofsample. Part of the sample is changed each month.
For each sample, eight representative subsamples or rota­
tion groups are identified. A given rotation group is inter­
viewed for a total of 8 months, divided into two equal peri­
ods. It is in the sample for 4 consecutive months, leaves the
sample during the following 8 months, and then returns for
another 4 consecutive months. In any 1 month, one-eighth
of the rotation groups are in their first month of enumera­
tion, another eighth is in their second month, and so on.

Under this system, 75 percent of the sample segments are
common from month to month and 50 percent from year to
year for the same month. This procedure provides a sub­
stantial amount of month-to-month and year-to-year over­
lap in the sample, thus providing better estimates of change
and reducing discontinuities in the series of data without
burdening any specific group of households with an unduly
long period of inquiry.
Table 1-A provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use since 1947. A more detailed ac­
count of the history of the CPS sample design appears in
The Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or Concepts
and Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from
the Current Population Survey, Report 463, Bureau of
Labor Statistics. A description of the 1980 census-based
sample appears in "Redesign of the Sample for the Current
Population Survey," in the May 1984 issue of this publica­
tion.

ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously
and are based on returns from the entire panel of respon­
dents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data
from each sample person by the inverse of the probability of
the person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure
of the number of actual persons that the sample person rep­
resents. Since 1985, almost all sample persons within the
same State have the same probability of selection. Excep­
tions include sample persons in New York and California,
where households in New York City and Los Angeles are
selected with higher probability. Selection probabilities may

Table 1-A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to present
Time period

Aug.
Feb.
May
Jan.
Mar.
Jan.
Aug.
Aug.
Jan.
Jan.
May
Jan.
Apr.
Nov.

1947
1954
1956
1960
1963
1967
1971
1972
1978
1980
1981
1985
1988
1989

to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to

Jan. 1954
Apr. 1956
Dec. 1959
Feb. 1963
Dec. 1966
July 1971
July 1972
Dec. 1977
Dec. 1979
Apr. 1981
Dec. 1984
Mar. 1988
Mar. 1989
present 3

Number of sample
areas
68
230
1
330
2333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
729
729

1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in
each State and the District of Columbia.
2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and Hawaii




Households eligible
Interviewed
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000
53,200
57,400

Not interviewed
500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
2,600
2,600

Households visited
but not eligible
3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000
11,500
11,800

after statehood.
3
The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month period, AprilNovember 1989.

149

also differ for some sample areas due to field subsampling,
which is carried out when areas selected for the sample are
found to contain many more households than expected.
Though a series of estimation steps (outlined below), the
selection probabilities are adjusted for noninterviews and
survey undercoverage; data from previous months are in­
corporated into the estimates through the composite estima­
tion procedure.

1) 51 State controls of the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years of age and older,

1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for
occupied sample households for which no information was
obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or
unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This
noninterview adjustment is made separately for clusters of
similar sample areas that are usually, but not necessarily,
contained within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based
on Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size.
Within each cluster, there is a further breakdown by resi­
dence. Each MSA cluster is split by "central city" and "bal­
ance of the MSA." Each non-MSA cluster is split by "ur­
ban" and "rural" residence categories. The proportion of
sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 per­
cent, depending upon weather, vacation, etc.

The independent population controls are prepared by pro­
jecting forward the resident population as enumerated on
April 1, 1990. The projections are derived by updating de­
mographic census data with information from a variety of
other data sources that account for births, deaths, and net
migration. Estimated numbers of resident Armed Forces per­
sonnel and institutionalized persons reduce the resident popu­
lation to the civilian noninstitutional population. Estimates
of net census undercount, determined from the Post Enu­
meration Survey, are added to the population projections.
Prior to January 1994, the projections were based on earlier
censuses, and there was no correction for census undercount.
A summary of the current procedures used to make popula­
tion projections is given in "Revisions in the Current Popu­
lation Survey Effective January 1994," appearing in the Feb­
ruary 1994 issue of this publication.

2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population se­
lected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from
that of the population as a whole in such characteristics as
age, race, sex, and State of residence. Because these charac­
teristics are closely correlated with labor force participation
and other principal measurements made from the sample,
the survey estimates can be substantially improved when
weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these
population characteristics. This is accomplished through two
stages of ratio adjustment, as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimation. The purpose of the firststage ratio adjustment is to reduce the contribution to vari­
ance that results from selecting a sample of PSU's rather
than drawing sample households from every PSU in the
Nation. This adjustment is made to the CPS weights in two
race cells: Black and nonblack; it is applied only to PSU's
that are not self-representing and for those States that have a
substantial number of black households. The procedure cor­
rects for differences that existed in each State cell at the
time of the 1980 census between 1) the race distribution of
the population in sample PSU's and 2) the race distribution
of all PSU's (both 1 and 2 exclude self-representing PSU's).

2) National civilian noninstitutional population controls
for 14 Hispanic and 5 non-Hispanic age-sex categories,
3) National civilian noninstitutional population
controls for 66 white, 42 black, and 10 "other" age-sex
categories.

3. Composite estimation procedure. The last step in the
preparation of most CPS estimates makes use of a compos­
ite estimation procedure. The composite estimate consists
of a weighted average of two factors: The two-stage ratio
estimate based on the entire sample from the current month
and the composite estimate for the previous month, plus an
estimate of the month-to-month change based on the six ro­
tation groups common to both months. In addition, a bias
adjustment term is added to the weighted average to account
for relative bias associated with month-in-sample estimates.
This month-in-sample bias is exhibited by unemployment
estimates for persons in their first and fifth months in the
CPS being generally higher than estimates obtained for the
other months.
The composite estimate results in a reduction in the sam­
pling error beyond that which is achieved after the two stages
of ratio adjustment. For some items, the reduction is substan­
tial. The resultant gains in reliability are greatest in estimates
of month-to-month change, although gains are also usually
obtained for estimates of level in a given month, change from
year to year, and change over other intervals of time.

Rounding of estimates
b. Second-stage ratio estimation. This procedure sub­
stantially reduces the variability of estimates and corrects,
to some extent, for CPS undercoverage. The CPS sample
weights are adjusted to ensure that sample-based estimates
of population match independent population controls. Three
sets of controls are used:

150




The sums of individual items may not always equal the
totals shown in the same tables because of independent
rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand.
Similarly, sums of percent distributions may not always equal
100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are
insignificant.

Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based
on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The stan­
dard errors provided indicate primarily the magnitude of the
sampling error. They also incorporate the effect of some
nonsampling errors in response and enumeration but do not
account for any systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to quan­
tify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS, as dis­
cussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be
small on estimates of relative change, such as month-tomonth change. Estimates of monthly levels would be more
severely affected by the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many
sources, e.g., the inability to obtain information about all
persons in the sample; differences in the interpretation of
questions; inability or unwillingness of respondents to pro­
vide correct information; inability to recall information; er­
rors made in collecting and processing the data; errors made
in estimating values for missing data; and failure to repre­
sent all sample households and all persons within sample
households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of
the survey are studied by means of a reinterview program.
This program is used to estimate various sources of error as
well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers.
A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected
through reinterview at regular intervals. The results indi­
cate, among other things, that the data published from the
CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A descrip­
tion of the CPS reinterview program and some of the other
results may be found in The Current Population Survey
Reinterview Program, January 1961 through December
1966, Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan
used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies
by rotation group. A description of these effects appears in
"The Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From
Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. The CPS
covers about 94 percent of the decennial census population.
It is known that the CPS undercoverage varies with age, sex,
race, and Hispanic origin. Generally, undercoverage is larger
for men than for women and larger for blacks, Hispanics,
and other races than for whites. Ratio adjustment to inde­
pendent age-sex-race-origin population controls, as described
previously, partially corrects for the biases due to survey
undercoverage. However, biases exist in the estimates to the
extent that missed persons in missed households or missed
persons in interviewed households have different character­




istics than interviewed persons in the same age-sex-raceorigin group.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS
appears in An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by
the Current Population Survey, by Camilla Brooks and Bar­
bara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S. De­
partment of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy
and Standards; in 'The Current Population Survey: An Over­
view," by Marvin Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of
Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and
in The Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce. This last document includes a
comprehensive discussion of various sources of errors and
describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. When a sample rather than the entire popu­
lation is surveyed, estimates differ from the true population
values that they represent. This difference, or sampling er­
ror, occurs by chance, and its variability is measured by the
standard error of the estimate. Sample estimatesfroma given
survey design are unbiased when an average of the estimates
from all possible samples would yield, hypothetically, the
true population value. In this case, the sample estimate and
its standard error can be used to construct approximate con­
fidence intervals, or ranges of values, that include the true
population value with known probabilities. If the process of
selecting a sample from the population were repeated many
times and an estimate and its standard error calculated for
each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error above
the estimate would include the true population value.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6 stan­
dard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors above
the estimate would include the true population value.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from two
standard errors below the estimate to two standard errors
above the estimate would include the true population value.
Although the estimating methods used in the CPS do not
produce unbiased estimates, biases for most estimates are
believed to be small enough so that these confidence inter­
val statements are approximately true.
Since it would be too costly to develop standard errors for
all CPS estimates, generalized variance function techniques
are used to calculate sets of standard errors for various types
of labor force characteristics. It is important to keep in mind
that standard errors computedfromthese methods reflect contributions from sampling errors and some kinds of
nonsampling errors and indicate the general magnitude of an
estimate's standard error rather than its precise value.
The generalized variance functions and standard errors
151

provided here are based on the sample design and estimation procedures as of 1987 and have been adjusted to reflect
the population levels and sample size as of 1993, as well as
the use of new population controls based on the 1990 census. For years prior to 1967, the standard errors obtained
must be further adjusted to reflect the CPS sample size in
effect at that time. For years prior to 1956, standard errors
should be multiplied by 1.5; for the years 1956 through
1966, standard errors should be multiplied by 1.22.
Tables 1-B through 1-H are provided so that approximate
standard errors of estimates can be easily obtained. These
tables are briefly summarized here; details illustrating the
proper use of each table follow.
Tables 1-B and 1-C show standard errors for estimated
monthly levels and rates for selected employment status
characteristics; these tables also provide standard errors for
consecutive month-to-month changes in the estimates. These
standard errors are based on levels of recent estimates and
can be determined directly by finding the characteristic of
interest.
Tables 1-D and 1-E show standard errors for monthly levels and consecutive monthly changes in levels for general
employment status characteristics. The standard errors are
calculated using linear interpolation based on the size of the
monthly estimates.
Tables 1-F and 1-G give parameters that can be used with
formulas to calculate a standard error on nearly any specified level, unemployment rate, percentage, or consecutive
month-to-month change. For monthly levels and consecutive month-to-month changes in levels, tables 1-F and 1-G
are preferred to tables 1-D and 1-E, since the formulas provide more accurate results than linear interpolation.
Table 1-H presents factors used to convert standard errors
of monthly levels and rates determined from tables 1-B,
1-C, 1-D, and 1-F to standard errors pertaining to quarterly
and yearly averages, consecutive year-to-year changes of
monthly estimates, and changes in quarterly and yearly
averages.
The standard errors for estimated changes from 1 month
to the next, 1 year to the next, etc., depend more on the
monthly levels for characteristics than on the size of the
changes. Accordingly, tables 1-E, 1-G, and 1-H use monthly
levels (not the magnitude of the changes) for approximating
standard errors of change. Standard errors for estimated
change between nonconsecutive months are not provided
(except for year-to-year change); however, these may be
assumed to be higher than the standard errors for consecutive monthly change.
Use of tables 1-B and 1-C. These tables provide a quick
reference for standard errors of major characteristics. Table
1-B gives approximate standard errors for estimates of
monthly levels and consecutive month-to-month changes in
levels for major employment status categories. Table 1-C
gives approximate standard errors for estimates of monthly
unemployment rates and consecutive month-to-month
152




Table 1-B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(In thousands)

Monthly
level

Consecutivemonth change

275
295
146

204
224
160

Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

179
194
103

152
164
118

Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

204
209
90

155
160
105

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

89
87
58

88
86
75

127
129
66

94
98
75

Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

72
76
45

63
67
53

Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

90
89
43

68
68
50

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

36
31
28

38
32
33

121
123
58

85
100
68

Category
Total, 16 years and over.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

,
,

Hispanic origin, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

changes in unemployment rates for some demographic, industrial, and occupational categories. For characteristics not
given in tables 1-B and 1-C, refer to either tables 1-D and
1-E or tables 1-F and 1-G.
Illustration. Suppose that for a given month the number of
women 20 years and over in the civilian labor force is estimated to be 54,000,000. For this characteristic, the approximate standard error of 204,000 is given in table 1-B in the row
'Total, Women 20 years and over: Civilian labor force." A 90percent confidence interval as shown by these data, would then
be the interval from 53,674,000 to 54,326,000. Concluding
that the true labor force level lies within this interval would be
correct for roughly 90 percent of all possible samples.
Use of tables 1-D and 1-E. From these tables, approximate
standard errors can be calculated for estimates of monthly
levels and month-to-month changes in levels for major la-

Table 1-C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major
characteristics
Characteristic

Total, 16 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White workers
Black workers
Hispanic-origin workers
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

Monthly Consecutivemonth change
level
0.11
.16
.15
.16
.16
.76
.12
.47
.53
.16
.19
.54

0.13
.19
.18
.19
.19
1.00
.14
.55
.63
.19
22
.65

.23
.19
.48
.31
.25
1.27
.72

27
.23
.57
.37
.30
1.51
.86

.36
.36

.43
.43

.52
.57

.62
.68

.74
.73

.88
.87

.13
.28
1.57
.73
.29
.38
.45
.15

.16
.33
1.87
.87
.34
.45
.53
.18

.43
27
.19
.21
1.19

.51
.33
23
.25
1.42

115,600,000 to 116,700,000, an apparent increase of
1,100,000. The approximate standard error on this monthto-month change estimate is based on the average level of
the estimate for the 2 months, 116,150,000. Using the table
1-E column titled "Labor force data other than unemploy­
ment and agricultural employment, Total," it is necessary to
find the standard errors corresponding to the two monthly
level entries between which the value 116,150,000 lies. The
standard error corresponding to 100,000,000 is given as
252,000, and the standard error corresponding to 120,000,000
is given as 223,000. Use linear interpolation to find the ap­
proximate standard error on month-to-month change corre­
sponding to the level 116,150,000; one method of calcula­
tion is given below.

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technicians and related support
Sales
Administrative support, including clerical..
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective service
,
Precision production, craft, and repair
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and material moving
,
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers,
and laborers
,
Farming, forestry, and fishing
,
Industry
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers
,
Goods-producing industries
,
Mining
,
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
,
Service-producing industries
,
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

bor force characteristics by race and Hispanic origin. For
major categories not shown, such as male or female, tables
1-F and 1-G can be used. Standard errors for intermediate
values not shown in the tables may be approximated by lin­
ear interpolation. For table 1-E, which applies to estimates
of consecutive month-to-month change, the average of the
two monthly levels (not the change) is used to select the
appropriate row in the table.
Illustration. Assume that between 2 consecutive months the
estimated number of employed persons changed from




223,000 +

120,000,000-116,150,000
(252,000 - 223,000)=229,000
120,000,000 -100,000,000,

Thus, a 90-percent confidence interval for the true monthto-month change would be approximately the interval from
734,000 to 1,466,000.
Use of tables 1-F and 1-G. These tables can be used to find
approximate standard errors for a wide range of estimated
monthly levels, proportions, rates, and estimates of consecu­
tive monthly change. Instead of displaying standard errors,
these tables provide parameters to be used with the formu­
las given below that allow the user to calculate standard
errors.
Table 1-G, which applies to estimates of consecutive
monthly change, lists parameters for some characteristics
classified by a measure of correlation between monthly es­
timates. Estimates of the number of persons employed full
time, for example, change relatively little from one month
to the next, and the two monthly estimates are said to be
highly correlated. Consecutive monthly estimates of parttime employment, by contrast, have low correlation, since
these estimates are relatively volatile.
Major characteristics for which consecutive monthly es­
timates are known to have high or low correlation are indi­
cated in table 1-G. Not all categories in table 1-G, however,
are broken down into low or high correlation characteris­
tics. When high or low correlation is not specified in table
1-G, the parameters in table 1-G should be selected from the
rows labeled "Most characteristics" orfromrows not speci­
fying correlation.
Standard errors of estimated levels. The approximate stan­
dard error, sx, of an estimated monthly level, x, can be ob­
tained using the formula below, where a and b are the pa­
rameters from table 1-F associated with the particular char­
acteristic. The same formula can be used to approximate the
standard error of an estimated month-to-month change in
level; simply average the levels for the 2 consecutive months

153

Table 1-D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly levels
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Agricultural
employment

Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment

Unemployment

Estimated
monthly level

Hispanic origin
Total or
white

50
100
500
1,000...
2,000 ...
4,000 ...
6,000 ...
8,000 ...
10,000.
15,000.
20,000.
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
60,000 .
70,000 .
80,000 .
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000

12
17

39
58

90
147
202
256
310

Black

12
17
37
51
71

Total or
white

Black

Hispanic
origin

11

12
17
36
51

12
18
39
55
77
105

16
36
51
71
100
122
140
155

98
99
92

Total

White

11
16
36
51
72

11
16
36

101
123
141
156
188
214
253
281
301
316
324
328
321

187
213

294
238

51
72
101
122
140

156
187
212

Black

Civilian labor
Employed force or not
in labor force

12

13

13

17
37
51
71

18
41
57
78

96

103

111
121
127
125

116
122
122

18
41
57
78
103
116

122
122
89

98

249
275
293
304
308
307
287
238

Table 1-E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change in levels
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Agricultural
employment
Estimated
monthly level

Hispanic origin
Total or
white

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000

154




Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment

Unemployment

13
18
40
55
73
88
86
65

Black

11
16
35
49
67

Total or
white

14
19
42
60
84
115
138
155
168
190
200

Black

14
19
43
59
78
96
97
81

Hispanic
origin

15
21
46
65
89
118

Total

White

Black

9
13
29
42
59
82
100
115
128
154
174
206
228
244
254
260
262
252
223
164

9
13
29
42
59
82
100
115
128
154
174
206
228
244
254
260
262
252
223
164

10
14
30
42
58
78
90
96
99
90
43

Civilian labor
Employed force or not
in labor force
11
16
34
48
65
86
96
100
98
60

9
13
29
40
55
72
82
86
86
62

and use the parameters from table 1-G.
s x = V ax 2 + bx
Illustration. Assume that in a given month there are an esti­
mated 6 million unemployed men in the civilian labor force
(x = 6,000,000). Obtain the appropriate a and b parameters
from table 1-F ("Unemployment, total or white"). Use the
formula to compute an approximate standard error on the
estimate of 6,000,000.
a = -0.000015942

b = 2576.83
2

sx = A/(-0.000015942X6,000,000) + (2576.83X6,000,000) = 122,000
Suppose that in the next month the estimated number of
unemployed men increases by 200,000 to 6,200,000. The
average of the monthly levels is x = 6,100,000. Obtain the
appropriate a and b parameters from table 1-G ("Unemploy­
ment, Total or white, Total, men, women"). Use the formula
to compute an approximate standard error on the estimated
change of 200,000.
a = -0.000083130

Suppose that in the next month 5,700,000 women in this
same age group are reported employed and that 1,950,000
or 34 percent are part-time workers. To estimate the stan­
dard error on the observed month-to-month change of 2 per­
centage points, first average the values for p and y over the
2 months to get p = 33 percent and y = 5,650,000. Next,
obtain the parameter b = 2344.57 from table 1-G ("Labor
force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment, Total or white, Women,
Low correlation characteristics") and apply the formula as
follows.

b = 3652.76
2

Sx = A/-(0.000083130X6,100,000) + (3652.76X6,100,000) = 139,000

An approximate 90-percent confidence interval for the true
month-to-month change would be the interval from
-22,000 to 422,000. Because this interval covers zero, one
cannot assert at this level of confidence that any real change
has occurred in the unemployment level. This result can also
be expressed by saying that the apparent change of 200,000
is not significant at a 90-percent confidence level.
Standard errors of estimated percentages and rates. Gener­
ally, percentages and rates are not published unless the
monthly base (denominator) is greater than 75,000 persons,
the quarterly average base is greater than 60,000 persons, or
the annual average base is greater than 35,000 persons.
The reliability of an estimated percentage or rate depends
upon the magnitude of the percentage or rate and its base.
When the numerator and base are in different categories,
use the parameters from table 1-F or 1-G relevant to the nu­
merator. The approximate standard error, s yp , of an esti­
mated percentage or rate, p, can be obtained using the fol­
lowing formula, where y is the estimated number of persons
in the base.

*y.P = ^ y P ( 1 0 0 - p )

Illustration. For a given month, suppose that 5,600,000
women, 20 to 24 years of age, are estimated to be employed.




Of this total, 1,800,000 or 32 percent are classified as parttime workers. To estimate the standard error on this per­
centage, proceed as follows. Obtain the parameter b =
2204.62fromtable 1-F ("Labor force and not-in-labor-force
data other than agricultural employment and unemployment,
Total, Women"). Apply the formula to obtain:

■»

=

/ 2144 S7

fe^(33Xl00-33) = 10percent

It should be noted that the numerator of the percentage
(part-time employed) determined the choice of correlation.
If the example had illustrated percentages of women em­
ployed full time, the numerator would have been a high cor­
relation characteristic. Table 1-G, however, does not explic­
itly list high correlation parameters for employed women;
thus, the row labeled "Women, Most characteristics" would
have been used.
Had the example dealt with teenage women employed part
time, either of two rows in table 1-G could have been ap­
plied ("Women, Low correlation" or "Both sexes, 16 to 19
years"). In situations like this, where it is not clear which
row applies, a general rule to follow is to choose the row
with the laigest b parameter. This gives a more conserva­
tive estimate of standard error.
Use of table 1-H. Use this table with table 1-B, 1-C, 1-D, or
1-F to calculate approximate standard errors for quarterly
or yearly averages, changes in consecutive quarterly or yearly
averages, and consecutive year-to-year changes in monthly
estimates. Table 1-H gives factors to be applied only to stan­
dard errors for monthly levels. Follow these three basic steps:
Step 1. Average estimates appropriately. For quarterly
estimates, average the 3 monthly estimates. For yearly esti­
mates, average the 12 monthly estimates. For changes in
consecutive averages, average over the 2 quarters or 2 years.
For consecutive year-to-year changes in monthly estimates,
average the 2 months involved.
155

Table 1-F. Parameters for computation of standard errors
for estimates of monthly levels
Characteristic

a

Labor force and not-in-laborforce data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total1
Men1
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Step 1. The quarterly average is 11,600,000.
-0.000015693
-.000029081
-.000026234
-.000155877

2601.35
2408.58
2204.62
2217.37

-.000017747
White1
-.000032645
Men
-.000029869
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .... -.000185057

2600.88
2410.86
2201.86
2221.96

Black

-.000112595
-.000271289
-.000164088
-.001181647

2735.54
2553.88
229823
2570.17

-.000190760

3394.71

.000005264

722.21

Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ....
Hispanic origin
Not in labor force, total or white,
excluding women and 16-to19 year olds
Agricultural employment:
Total or white
Men
Women or both sexes, 16 to
19 years

.000694096
.000761532

2656.52
2461.77

-.000022089

2250.29

Black

-.000121207

2749.05

.010960039

2522.57

.014443239

1483.55

Hispanic origin:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to
19 years
Unemployment:
Total or white
Black
Hispanic origin
1

quarterly average of black employment levels and for the
change in averages from 1 quarter to the next. For each suc­
cessive month of the first quarter, suppose the levels are
observed to be 11,500,000, 11,600,000, and 11,700,000.

-.000015942
-.000190601
-.000094114

2576.83
2744.70
3116.52

Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters from table 1-F
("Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agri­
cultural employment and unemployment, Black, Total"). Use
the formula for s x to compute an approximate standard error
for a monthly estimate of 11,600,000.
a = -0.000112595

b = 2735.54

Sx = ^(-0.000112595X11,600,000)2 + (273554X11,600,000) = 129,000
Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .87 from table
1-H (column labeled "Quarterly averages" and row labeled
"Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricul­
tural employment and unemployment, Black"). This gives
an approximate standard error of 112,000 on the quarterly
average of 11,600,000.
Proceed to obtain the approximate standard error on the
change in consecutive quarterly average estimates of black
employment. Assume that black employment estimates for
the months in the second quarter are observed to be
11,100,000, 11,200,000, and 11,300,000.
Step 1. The average for the second quarter is 11,200,000.
The average of the 2 quarters is 11,400,000.
Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters as above and use
the formula for s x to compute an approximate standard error
for the estimate of 11,400,000, treating it as an estimate for
a single month.

Excludes not-in-labor-force data.

Sx = ^(-0.000112595X11,400,000)2 + (273554X11,400,000) = 129,000
Step 2. Obtain a standard error on a monthly estimate
using table 1-B or 1-C, or apply the procedures for table
1-D or 1-F to the average calculated in step 1, as if the aver­
age were an estimate for a single month.
Step 3. Determine the standard error on the average or on
the estimate of change. Multiply the result from step 2 by
the appropriate factor from table 1-H.
Illustration. Suppose that standard errors are desired for a

156




Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .84 from table
1-H (column labeled "Change in quarterly averages" and
row labeled "Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other
than agricultural employment and unemployment, Black").
This gives an approximate standard error of 108,000 on the
estimated change of 400,000 from one quarter to the next.
The estimated change clearly exceeds 2 standard errors;
therefore, one could concludefromthese data that the change
in quarterly averages is significant.

Table 1 -G. Parameters for computation of standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change in levels
Characteristic
Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total or white:
Most characteristics
High correlation characteristics1
Low correlation characteristics1

-0.000011078
-.000008243
-.000014344

1743.77
1363.60
2222.55

-.000020055
-.000014922
-.000051814

1674.07
1307.96
2325.37

-.000018844
-.000053069
-.000169260

1472.65
2344.57

Black:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000088926
-.001732525

1871.20
5676.12

Men:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000210520
-.002587620

1986.81
5079.90

-.000140581
-.002078112
-.001176111

1621.48
4723.08
2729.02

-.000145304
-.000095111
-.002425480
-.000227656

2417.72
1682.24
7511.81
2045.54

-.000366130
-.000315338

3150.64
2239.22

-.000351254
-.000597224
.000115653

3344.45
3450.08
2062.60

Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-.000109948
-.017161885

2493.69
5121.00

Hispanic origin:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

.002654758
.002647371

4043.98
3510.08

Self-employed

-.000218152

1822.59

-.000083130
-.000063570

3652.76
4463.07

-.000372215
.000043286

3800.30
2691.66

-.000233757
-.000921018

4404.26
6132.68

Men:
Most characteristics
High correlation characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
Women:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Women:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

2280.05

Hispanic origin:

Total
Civilian labor force and not in labor force
Low correlation characteristics
Men, civilian labor force and not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over; 20 years and oven and both sexes,
16 to 19 years
Women, 16 years and over and 20 years and over
Agricultural employment:
Total or white:
Total
Men
Women or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Black:

2

Unemployment:

Total or white:
Total, men, women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics ....

Black:
Total, men, women, and both sexes, 16 to 19 years
High correlation characteristics
Hispanic origin:
Total, men, women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics ....
1

High correlation characteristics include employed full-time, manufacturing,
service workers, and not in the labor force. Low correlation characteristics
include all part-time workers; employed, with a job, but not at work; unpaid
family workers; and precision production, craft, and repair occupations.




2
High correlation characteristics include full-time jobseekers; job losers;
manufacturing workers; and operators, fabricators, and laborers. Low correlation characteristics include part-time jobseekers, reentrants, persons unemployed for less than 5 weeks and from 5 to 14 weeks.

157

Table 1-H. Factors to be used with tables 1-B, 1-C, 1-D, and 1-F to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and
change in yearly averages
Factor
Characteristic

Year-toyear
change of monthly
estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in
yearly
averages

1.30
1.30
1.30
1.40

0.92
.82
.78
.80

0.70
.84
.88
.80

0.79
.57
.49
.59

0.70
.70
.70
.70

1.40
1.40

.74
.67

.88
.88

.46
.42

.65
.54

1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.40

.87
.87
.87
.79
.82

.85
.84
.80
.88
.90

.65
.65
.65
.54
.51

.70
.70
.70
.60
.60

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Labor force and not-in-labor-force
data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:

Black
Hispanic origin
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part time

158




Establishment Data
("B" tables)
COLLECTION
BLS cooperates with State employment security agen­
cies in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) or estab­
lishment survey to collect data each month on employment,
hours, and earnings from a sample of nonfarm establish­
ments (including government). In March 1994, this sample
included about 390,000 reporting units. From these data, a
large number of employment, hours, and earnings series in
considerable industry and geographic detail are prepared
and published each month. Historical statistics can be found
in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States, and
Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States andAreas.These
data are also available in machine-readable format.
Each month, the State agencies collect data on employ­
ment, payrolls, and paid hours from a sample of establish­
ments. Data are collected by mail from most respondents;
phone collection is used to obtain higher response rates
from selected respondents through computer-assisted in­
terviews, touch-tone self-response, and voice recognition
technology.
The respondents extract the requested data from their
payroll records, which must be maintained for a variety of
tax and accounting purposes. All firms with 250 employ­
ees or more are asked to participate in the survey, as well
as a sample of smaller firms.
A "shuttle" schedule (BLS form 790 series) is used for
mail respondents. It is submitted each month by the re­
spondents, edited by the State agency, and returned to the
respondent for use again the following month
The technical characteristics of the shuttle schedule are
particularly important in maintaining continuity and con­
sistency in reporting from month to month. The shuttle de­
sign automatically exhibits the trends of the reported data
covered by the schedule during the year; therefore, the re­
lationship of the current data to the data for the previous
months is shown. The schedule also has operational advan­
tages. For example, accuracy and economy are achieved
by entering the identification codes and the address of the
reporter only once a year.
All schedules are edited by the State agencies each month
to make sure that the data are correctly reported and that they
are consistent with the data reported by the establishment in
earlier months and with the data reported by other establish­
ments in the industry. The State agencies forward the data,
either on the schedules themselves or in machine-readable
form, to BLS-Washington. They also use the information pro­
vided on the forms to develop State and area estimates of
employment, hours, and earnings. At BLS, the data are edited
again by computer to detect processing and reporting errors
which may have been missed in the initial State editing; the
edited data are used to prepare national estimates.




It should be noted that for employment, the sum of the
State figures will differ from the official U.S. national to­
tals because of the effects of differing industrial and geo­
graphic stratification and differences in the timing of bench­
mark adjustments.

CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classi­
fied into industries on the basis of their principal product
or activity determined from information on annual sales
volume. Since January 1980, this information is collected
on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance
tax reports filed by employers. For an establishment mak­
ing more than one product or engaging in more than one
activity, the entire employment of the establishment is in­
cluded under the industry indicated by the principal prod­
uct or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Na­
tion (beginning with August 1990 data) and for States and
areas (beginning with January 1990 data) are classified in
accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SIC), Office of Management and Budget.

Industry employment
Employment data, except those for the Federal Govern­
ment, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who re­
ceived pay for any part of the pay period which includes
the 12th day of the month. For Federal Government estab­
lishments, employment figures represent the number of
persons who occupied positions on the last day of the cal­
endar month. Intermittent workers are counted if they per­
formed any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid
volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic
workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included.
Government employment covers only civilian employees;
military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central
Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency are
also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick
leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid
holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the
pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike
during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not
counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on
leave without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who
were hired but have not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of employment change (table B-6).
These indexes measure the dispersion among industries of
159

the change in employment over the specified time span.
Beginning with August 1990 data, the overall indexes are
calculated from 356 seasonally adjusted employment se­
ries (3-digit industries) covering all nonfarm payroll em­
ployment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffu­
sion indexes are based on 139 3-digit industries.
To derive the indexes, each component industry is as­
signed a value of 0, 50, or 100 percent, depending on
whether its employment showed a decrease, no change, or
an increase, respectively, over the time span. The average
value (mean) is then calculated, and this percent is the dif­
fusion index number.
The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent,
the value which indicates that the same number of compo­
nent industries had increased as had decreased. Index num­
bers above 50 show that more industries had increasing
employment, and values below 50 indicate that more had
decreasing employment. The margin between the percent
that increased and the percent that decreased is equal to the
difference between the index and its complement, i.e., 100
minus the index. For example, an index of 65 percent means
that 30 percent more industries had increasing employment
than had decreasing employment (65-(100-65) = 30). How­
ever, for dispersion analysis, the distance of the index num­
ber from the 50-percent reference point is the most signifi­
cant observation.
Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpreted as
showing the percent of components that increased over the
time span, it should be remembered that the index reflects
half of the unchanged components as well. (This is the ef­
fect of assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged
components when computing the index.)

(such as precutting and preassembling) ordinarily performed
by members of the construction trades.
Nonsupervisory employees. These are employees (not above
the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physi­
cians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research
aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musi­
cians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, line
installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services
are closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll. This refers to the payroll for full- and part-time
production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who
received pay for any part of the pay period which includes
the 12th day of the month. The payroll is reported before
deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemploy­
ment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds,
or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays,
vacation, and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses
(unless earned and paid regularly each pay period); other
pay not earned in the pay period reported (e.g., retroactive
pay); tips; and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other
payment in kind are excluded. Employee benefits (such as
health and other types of insurance, contributions to retire­
ment, etc., paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours. These are the hours paid for during the pay period
which includes the 12th of the month for production, con­
struction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours
paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is
received directly from the firm.

Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from re­
ports of payrolls and hours for production and related work­
ers in manufacturing and mining, construction workers in
construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private ser­
vice-producing industries.
Production and related workers. This category includes
working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (in­
cluding group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating,
processing, assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, han­
dling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling,
maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services, product de­
velopment, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g.,
power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely as­
sociated with the above production operations.
Construction workers. This group includes the following
employees in the construction division: Working supervi­
sors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, help­
ers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demo­
lition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether working at the
site of construction or working in shops or yards at jobs
160




Overtime hours. These are hours worked by production or
related workers for which overtime premiums were paid
because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of
either the straight-time workday or the workweek during
the pay period which included the 12th of the month. Week­
end and holiday hours are included only if overtime premi­
ums were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, haz­
ard, incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid
are excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates
to the average hours for which pay was received and is
different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as
unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and
stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than
scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group aver­
ages further reflect changes in the workweek of compo­
nent industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggre­
gate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current
month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly fig-

ures for 1982. For basic industries, the hours aggregates
are the product of average weekly hours and production
worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher
levels of industry aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum
of the component aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that
portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regu­
lar hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If
an employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular
rates, receiving as total compensation his or her holiday
pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no
overtime hours would be reported.
Because overtime hours are premium hours by defini­
tion, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily
move in the same direction from month to month. Such
factors as work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover
may not have the same influence on overtime hours as on
average hours. Diverse trends at the industry group level
also may be caused by a marked change in hours for a com­
ponent industry where little or no overtime was worked in
both the previous and current months.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on a
"gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly
and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors as
premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changes
in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They also
reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively
high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers' earn­
ings in individual establishments. Averages for groups and
divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earn­
ings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earn­
ings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period
of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of
work or time. The earnings series do not measure the level
of total labor costs on the part of the employer since the
following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive
items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes
paid by employers, and earnings for those employees not
covered under production worker, construction worker, or
nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage payments. These series are compiled only for aircraft (SIC 3721)
and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manu­
facturing. The same concepts and estimation methods ap­
ply to these series as apply to the average hourly earnings
series described above; the one difference between the se­
ries is definitional. The payroll data used to calculate this
series include lump-sum payments made to production
workers in lieu of general wage rate increases; such pay­
ments are excluded from the definition of gross payrolls
used to calculate the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 and SIC 3761




covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data
are adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year
and cover the following 12-month period. In order to spread
the payment across this time period, a prorated portion of
the payment is added to the payroll each month. This pro­
rated portion is adjusted by an exit rate to reduce the lump­
sum amount to account for persons who received the pay­
ment but left before the payment allocation period expired.
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average
hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay are com­
puted by dividing the total production worker payroll for
the industry group by the sum of total production worker
hours and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments
are made for other premium payment provisions, such as
holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than
time and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I rail­
roads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are
based on monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of
the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all em­
ployees except executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC
group I) who received pay during the month. Average hourly
earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by
total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by
dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a
weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined
above. Average weekly earnings are derived by multiply­
ing average weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average
hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are
affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings
but also by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly
variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time
workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover dur­
ing the survey period, and absenteeism for which employ­
ees are not paid may cause the average workweek to fluc­
tuate.
Long-term trends of average weekly earnings can be af­
fected by structural changes in the makeup of the work
force. For example, persistent long-term increases in the
proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many of
the services industries have reduced average workweeks in
these industries and have affected the average weekly earn­
ings series.
Real earnings. These earnings are in constant dollars and
are calculated from the earnings averages for the current
month using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price
Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPIW). The reference year for these series is 1982.
161

ESTIMATING METHODS
The Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establishment survey estimates of employment are generated through
an annual benchmark and monthly sample link procedure.
Annual universe counts or benchmark levels are generated
primarily from administrative records on employees cov­
ered by unemployment insurance (UI) tax laws. These annual benchmarks, established for March of each year, are
projected forward for each subsequent month based on the
trend of the sample employment, using an estimation pro­
cedure called the link relative. Benchmarks and sample link
relatives are computed for each of 1,703 basic estimation
cells defined by industry, size, and geography for the CES
national estimates, and summed to create aggregate level
employment estimates.
Benchmarks
The establishment survey constructs annual benchmarks
in order to realign the sample-based employment totals for
March of each year with the Ul-based population counts
for March. These population counts are much less timely
than sample-based estimates; however, they provide an
annual point-in-time census for employment.
Population counts are derived from the administrative
file of employees covered by UI. All employers covered by
UI laws are required to report employment and wage information to the appropriate State employment security agency
four times a year. Approximately 99 percent of in-scope
private employment is covered by UI. A benchmark for the
remaining 1 percent is constructed from alternate sources,
primarily records from the Interstate Commerce Commission and the Social Security Administration. The full benchmark developed for March replaces the March sample-based
estimate for each basic cell. The monthly sample-based
estimates for the year preceding and the year following the
benchmark are also then subject to revision.
Monthly estimates for the year preceding the March
benchmark are readjusted using a "wedge back" procedure.
The difference between the final benchmark level and the
previously published March sample estimate is calculated
and spread back across the previous 11 months. The wedge
is linear; eleven-twelfths of the March difference is added
to the February estimates, ten-twelfths to the January estimates, and so on, back to the previous April estimates which
receive one-twelfth of the March difference. This assumes
that the total estimation error since the last benchmark accumulated at a steady rate throughout the current benchmark year.
Estimates for the 11 months following the March benchmark are also recalculated each year. These post-benchmark estimates reflect the application of sample-based
monthly changes to new benchmark levels for March, and
the recomputation of bias adjustment factors for each month.
Bias factors are updated to take into account the most recent experience of the estimates generated by the monthly
162




sample versus the full universe counts derived from the UI.
Following the revision of basic employment estimates,
all other derivative series (e.g., production workers, aver­
age hourly earnings) are also recalculated. New seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated and all data series for the
previous 5 years are reseasonally adjusted, prior to full pub­
lication of all revised data in June of each year.
Monthly estimation
Estimates are derived from a sample of approximately
390,000 business establishments nationwide. A current
month's estimate is derived as the product of the previous
month's estimate and a sample link relative for the current
month. A bias adjustment factor is then applied to this re­
sult primarily to help account for new business births dur­
ing die month.
Stratification. The sample is stratified into 1,703 basic es­
timation cells for purposes of computing national employ­
ment, hours, and earnings estimates. Cells are defined pri­
marily by detailed industry, and secondarily by size for a
majority of cells. In a few industries, mostly within the
construction division, geographic stratification is also used.
Industry classification is in accordance with the 7987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SIC); most estima­
tion cells are defined at the 4-digit SIC level.
This detailed stratification pattern allows for the produc­
tion and publication of estimates in considerable industry
detail. Sub-industry stratification by size is important be­
cause major statistics which the survey measures, particu­
larly employment change and average earnings, often vary
significantly between establishments of different size. Strati­
fication reduces the variance of the published industry level
estimates.
Link relative technique. A ratio of the previous to the cur­
rent month's employment is computed from a sample of
establishments reporting for both months—this ratio is
called a "link relative." For each basic cell, a link relative
is computed and applied to the previous month's employ­
ment estimate to derive the current month's estimate. Thus
a March benchmark is moved forward to the next March
benchmark through application of monthly link relatives.
Basic cell estimates created through the link relative tech­
nique are aggregated to form published industry level esti­
mates, for employment, as described in table 2-A. Basic
estimation and aggregation methods for the hours and earn­
ings data are also shown in table 2-A.
Bias adjustment. Bias adjustment factors are computed at
the 3-digit SIC level, and applied each month at the basic
cell level, as part of the standard estimation procedures.
The main purpose of bias adjustment is to reduce a pri­
mary source of nonsampling error in the survey, the inabil­
ity to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by
new firm births. There is a several month lag between an

Table 2-A. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Employment, hours,
and earnings

Aggregate industry level (division
and, where stratified, industry)

Basic estimating cell (industry, region,
size or region/size cell)
Monthly data
All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of all employees in current month
to all employees in previous month, for sample
establishments which reported for both months.1

Sum of all-employee estimates for component
cells.

All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory
workers to all employees in sample establishments for current month, (2) estimated ratio of
women to all employees.2

Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates, or estimates of women employees, for
component cells.

Average weekly hours

Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by number of production or nonsupervisory
workers.2

Average, weighted by production or
nonsupervisory worker employment, of the average weekly hours for component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours

Production worker overtime hours divided by
number of production workers.2

Average, weighted by production worker employment, of the average weekly overtime hours
for component cells.

Average hourly earnings

Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll divided by total production or nonsupervisory
worker hours.2

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the
average hourly earnings for component cells.

Average weekly earnings

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

All employees

Production or nonsupervlsory work-

Annual average data
All employees, women employees,
and production or nonsupervisory
Average weekly hours

Average hourly earnings

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or
nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by
average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of
employment.

Annual total of aggregate hours for production
or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual
sum of employment for these workers.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (production worker employment multiplied by average weekly overtime hours) divided by annual
sum of employment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for production workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by
weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided by
annual aggregate hours.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by
annual aggregate hours.

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by
bias adjustments factors, which compensate for the
underrepresentation of newly formed enterprises and other sources
of bias in the sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earn-




ings are modified by a wedging technique designed to compensate
for changes in the sample arising mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure accepts the advantage
of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at the same
time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest
sample average.

163

establishment opening for business and its appearing on
the UI universe frame and being available for sampling.
Because new firms generate a portion of employment
growth each month of the year, nonsampling methods must
be used to capture this growth, otherwise substantial under
estimation of total employment levels would occur. For­
mal bias adjustment procedures have been used by the es­
tablishment survey since the late 1960's. Prior to the 1983
benchmark, bias adjustments were derived from a simple
mean error model, which averaged undercount errors for
the previous 3 years to arrive at bias projections for the
coming year. The undercount errors were measured as the
difference between sample-based estimate results and
benchmark levels.
This procedure eventually proved inadequate during pe­
riods of rapidly changing employment trends, and the bias
adjustment methodology was revised. Research done in the
early 1980's indicated that bias requirements were strongly
correlated with current employment growth or decline.
Based on this research, a revised method was developed
which incorporated the sample data on employment growth
over the most recent two quarters, and a regression-derived
coefficient for the significance of that change, to adjust the
mean error model results. This change in methodology pro­
vided a more cyclically sensitive bias model. The regres­
sion-adjusted mean error model has been in use since 1983,
for the production of national estimates.
The current model still has limitations in its ability to
react to changing economic conditions or changing error
structure relationships between the sample-based estimates
and the UI universe counts. A principal limitation is the
inability to incorporate UI universe counts as they become
available on an ongoing basis, with a 6- to 9-month lag
from the reference period. Thus, the current quarterly out­
puts from the model are subject to intervention analysis,
and adjustments can be made to its results, prior to the es­
tablishment of final bias levels for a quarter. Review is done
primarily in terms of detection of outlier (i.e. abnormally
high or low) values, and by comparison of CES sample and
bias trends with the most recent quarterly observations of
UI universe counts. The BLS currently has under study im­
proved bias models utilizing a Kalman filter technique,
which would allow a more formal, structured incorpora­
tion of each quarter's UI universe counts in the bias model­
ing process.
Although the primary function of bias adjustment is to
account for employment resulting from new business for­
mations, it also adjusts for other elements of nonsampling
error in the survey, because the primary input to the model­
ing procedure is total estimation error. Significant among
these nonsampling error sources is a business death bias.
When a sampled firm closes down, most often it simply
does not respond to the survey that month, rather than re­
porting zero employment. Followup with nonrespondents
may reveal an out-of-business firm, but this information is
often received too late to incorporate into monthly esti­
164




mates, and the firm is simply treated as a nonrespondent
for that month.
Because the bias adjustments incorporated into the esti­
mates represent a composite of a birth bias, death bias, and
a number of other differences between the sample-based
estimates and the population counts, the monthly bias ad­
justment levels have no specific economic meaning in and
of themselves.
Table 2-B summarizes bias adjustments for the 1984-94
period. The table displays the average monthly "bias added"
and the average monthly "bias required" with the bench­
mark revisions for each year. Bias added shows the aver­
age amount of bias which was added each month over the
course of an interbenchmark period. For example, the bias
added for 1994 is listed as 115,000; this represents the av­
erage of bias adjustments made each month over the pe­
riod April 1993 through March 1994. Bias required is com­
puted retrospectively, after the March benchmark for a given
year is known. Bias required figures are calculated by tak­
ing the difference between a March estimate derived purely
from the sample (i.e. a series calculated without bias ad­
justment) and the March benchmark. Dividing this figure
by 12 gives the average monthly bias required figure. The
bias required is thus defined as the amount of bias adjust­
ment which would have achieved a zero benchmark error.
The difference between the total bias required and the total
bias added is then, by definition, approximately the bench­
mark revision amount, for any given year. Also provided in
the table for illustration, are the March-to-March changes.
As discussed above, the over-the-year changes indicate
correlation with the bias added and bias required figures.

THE SAMPLE
Design
The emphasis in the establishment survey is on produc­
ing timely data at minimum cost. Therefore, the primary
goal of its design is to sample a sufficiently large segment
of the universe to provide reliable estimates that can be
published both promptly and regularly. The present sample
allows BLS to produce preliminary total nonfarm employ­
ment estimates for each month, including some limited in­
dustry detail, within 3 weeks after the reference period,
and data in considerably more detail with an additional onemonth lag.
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is a
form of sampling with probability proportionate to size,
known as "sampling proportionate to average size of es­
tablishment". This is an optimum allocation design among
strata because sampling variance is proportional to the av­
erage size of establishments. The universe of establishment
employment is highly skewed, with a large percentage of
total employment concentrated in relatively few establish­
ments. Because variance on a population total estimate is a
function of percentage universe coverage achieved by the
sample, it is efficient to sample larger establishments at a

higher rate than smaller establishments, assuming the cost
per sample unit is fairly constant across size classes.
Under the establishment survey design, large establish­
ments fall into a certainty strata for sample selection. The
size of the sample for the various industries is determined
empirically on the basis of experience and cost consider­
ations. For example, in a manufacturing industry with a
high proportion of total employment concentrated in a small
number of establishments, a larger percent of total employ­
ment is included in the sample. Consequently, the sample
design for such industries provides for a complete census
of the large establishments, with a relatively few chosen
from among the smaller establishments. For an industry in
which a large proportion of total employment is concen­
trated in small establishments, the sample design again calls
for inclusion of all large establishments but also for a more
substantial number of smaller ones. Many industries in the
trade and services divisions fall into this category. To keep
the sample to a size which can be handled by available
resources, it is necessary to have a sample design for these
industries with a smaller proportion of total universe cov­
erage than is the case for most manufacturing industries.

Coverage
The establishment survey is the largest monthly sam­
pling operation in the field of social statistics. Table 2-C
shows the latest benchmark employment levels and the
approximate proportion of total universe employment cov­
erage, at the total nonfarm and major industry division lev­
els. The coverage for individual industries within the divi­
sions may vary from the proportions shown.

Reliability
The establishment survey, like other sample surveys, is

subject to two types of error, sampling and nonsampling
error. The magnitude of sampling error, or variance, is di­
rectly related to the size of the sample and the percentage of
universe coverage achieved by the sample. The establish­
ment survey sample covers over one-third of total universe
employment; this yields a very small variance on the total
nonfarm estimates. Measurements of error associated with
sample estimates are provided in tables 2-D through 2-G.
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error. The sum
of sampling and nonsampling error can be considered total
survey error. Unlike most sample surveys which publish
sampling error as their only measure of error, the CES can
derive an annual approximation of total error, on a lagged
basis, because of the availability of the independently de­
rived universe data. While the benchmark error is used as a
measure of total error for the CES survey estimate, techni­
cally, it actually represents the difference between two in­
dependent estimates derived from separate survey processes
(i.e., the CES sample process and the UI universe process)
and thus reflects the errors present in each program. His­
torically, the benchmark revision has been very small for
total nonfarm employment. Over the past decade, percent­
age benchmark error has averaged 0.2 percent, with a range
from zero to 0.6 percent. Table 2-D shows the most current
benchmark revisions, along with 10-year mean revisions
and mean absolute revisions for major industries. Mean re­
visions give an indication of bias in the estimates; unbi­
ased estimates have a mean revision close to zero, as over
and under estimations cancel out over time. Mean absolute
revisions give an overall indicator as to the accuracy of the
estimates; the larger the value, the further the estimate was
from the final benchmark level.

Table 2-B. March employment benchmarks and bias adjustments for total private industries, March 1984-94

Added3

Required4

Over-the-year
employment
change5

341
-131
-400
21
-310
-93

140
152
149
98
114
131

169
141
116
99
88
123

4,328
3,075
1,758
1,969
3,007
2,835

-261
-583
-130
288
688

85
61
33
83
115

63
12
22
107
171

1,531
-1,756
-443
1,443
2,940

Benchmark
Year

1

Average monthly bias

Employment

Revision

1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

76,371
79,446
81,204
83,173
86,180
89,015

1990
1991
1992
1993
1994

90,546
88,790
88,347
89,790
92,730

1
Universe counts for March of each year are used to make annual
benchmark adjustments to the employment estimates. About 99 percent of the benchmark employment is from unemployment insurance
administrative records, and the remaining 1 percent is from alternate
sources. Data represent benchmark levels as originally computed.
2
Difference between the final March sample-based estimate and
the benchmark level for total private employment.
3
The average amount of bias adjustment each month over the




2

course of an inter-benchmark period, i.e., from April of the prior year
through March of the given year.
4
The difference between the March benchmark and the March estimate derived solely from the sample without bias adjustment, converted to a monthly amount by dividing by 12.
5
March-to-March changes in the benchmark employment level.
NOTE: Data in this table exclude government employment because there is no bias adjustment for this sector.

165

Estimated standard errorsfor employment, hours, and earnings. The hours and earnings estimates for the basic esti­
mating cells do not have universe data sources available
and therefore are not subject to benchmark revisions, al­
though the broader groupings may be affected slightly by
changes in employment weights. Like the employment es­
timates, the hours and earnings estimates are also subject
to sampling and nonsampling errors. Estimates of the sam­
pling error for employment, hours, and earnings were com­
puted using the method of random groups and are expressed
as relative standard errors (standard error divided by the
estimate). Relative standard errors for individual industries
with the specified number of employees are presented in
table 2-E and for major industries in table 2-F. Multiplying
the relative standard error by its estimated value gives the
estimate of the standard error. The errors presented here
are based on averages observed from sample data over the
March 1992 through March 1993 period.
Standard errorsfor differences between industries and times.
The standard error of a difference is required to test for
significant differences between estimates from two differ­
ent industries. Since the estimates for the two industries
are independent, the standard error of a difference is the
square root of the sum of the estimated variance of each
estimate, S{2 and S 2 2 .
S difference

=

Js] + S*

The CES sample overlaps almost entirely from month to
month, so monthly estimates are not independent. The covariance between these estimates must be accounted for
when testing the significance of the change in estimates
over time. The standard error of the change can be esti­
mated as follows.
S change

=

7 s ? + s* - 2>os1s2

If Si = S2, then:
S change =

^2sJ(l-p)

Conservative estimates of p after one month are 0.8 for
employment, 0.6 for average weekly hours, and 0.8 for
average hourly earnings.
If the bias is small, then the standard error can be used to
construct approximate confidence intervals or range of val­
ues that include the true population value. If the process of
selecting a sample from the population were repeated many
times and an estimate and its standard error calculated for
each sample, then approximately 68 percent of the inter­
vals from one standard error below the estimate to one stan­
166



dard error above the estimate would include the true popu­
lation value.
Noneconomic code changes. A major source of benchmark
revision at the major industry division level and below are
noneconomic code changes, which are introduced into the
universe data in the first quarter of each calendar year.
Approximately one-third of all establishments in the uni­
verse are included in the universe program's annual Stan­
dard Industrial Classification (SIC) refiling survey. Cor­
rections to individual establishments' SIC and ownership
codes are made through this process. The refiling cycle is
such that every third year entire division(s) are subject to
refiling. The volume of these adjustments is generally quite
large and has a substantial impact on universe employment
counts at the industry levels, although the total nonfarm
employment level remains unaffected. For example, in a
year when the services division is refiled, a substantial
amount of employment is usually reclassified out of ser­
vices to other major divisions, thus, lowering the bench-

Table 2-C. Employment benchmarks and approximate
coverage of BLS employment and payrolls sample,
March 1994
Sample coverage1
Industry

Benchmarks
(thousands)

Employees
Number of
establishments

Number
(thousands)

Percent
of
benchmarks

Total

112,141

331,295

44,280

39

Mining
Construction

592
4,497
18,092

3,738
27,010
61,052

256
909
9,227

43
20
51

17,887
26,573
65,679

2,461
1,121
4,994

42
19
25

6,883
30,872

24,698
80,046

2,272
8,104

33
26

2,878
4,655
11,878

O
5,916
18,696

2,878
3,822
8,236

100
82
69

Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade..
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate...
Services
Government:
Federal
State

5,890
6,047
19,857

2

Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Because not all
establishments report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings estimates are based on a smaller sample than employment estimates.
* The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete count
of employment for Class I railroads. A small sample is used to estimate
hours and earnings data.
3
Total Federal employment counts by agency for use in national
estimates are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well
as State and area estimates of Federal employment, are based on a
sample of 5,530 reports covering about 59 percent of employment in
Federal establishments.

Table 2-D. Current (March 1994) and historical benchmark revisions
(Numbers in thousands)

Industry

Total

March 1994
benchmark revision

10-year average
mean percent revision1

Level

Percent

Actual

747

0.7

-0.1

Total private

668

.7

-.1

Goods-producing

311

1.3

-.3

Mining
Metal mining
Coalmining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

-4
-1
-2
-4
3

-.7
-2.1
-1.8
-1.2
3.1

-1.7
-2.8
-1.1
-2.2
-.6

Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors

84
28
16
39

1.9
2.5
2.5
1.4

-.5
-.2

231

1.3

-.2

158

1.5

-.1

20
5
3
12
5
19

-.3
(2)
-.1
-.3

12

2.7
1.0
.6
1.7
2.1
1.4
2.0
3.4
1.2
1.5
1.1
1.5
.2
1.0
3.1

-.1
-.4
-.2
-.7
-.3
.8
1.2
.6
-.1
-.1

73

.9

-.3

12
3
1
15

.7
7.0
.1
1.5
1.0
.8
.7
.7
1.9

-.4
-1.2

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products....
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Computer and office equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electronic components and accessories ...
Transportation equipment '.
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger transit
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

39
12
18
8

19
13
1

9

7
12
7
1
18
-1

-.9

436
132
90
-5
17
42
5
11
-1
20
42
37
5

2.2
2.4
-2.1
4.1
2.4
3.0
1.5
-5.9
5.2
1.9
2.9
.5

74
74
0

2.1
0

1.2

(2)

-.7

(2)

-.1
-.7
0
-.3
-.1
-.3

.1
-1.1

(2)
-.2
-.5
-.2
1.2
-.3
-2.0
-1.2
1.1
-1.1
.2
.4
-.1
-.6
-.7
-.3

See footnotes at end of table.




167

Table 2-D. Current (March 1994) and historical benchmark revisions—Continued
(Numbers In thousands)
March 1994
benchmark revision

Industry

10-year average
mean percent revision1

Level

Percent

Actual

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments

266
-5
89
81
50
-21
-11
-12
-2
118
49

1.3
-.6
3.7
3.8
1.5

.2
.5
1.6
2.2
-.7

-1.0
-1.2
-1.1

-1.1

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Savings institutions 3
Nondepository institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and service
Real estate

144
68
32
2
29
23
15
13
-2
52
34
19
24

2.1
2.1
1.5
.1
9.2
4.5
5.5
2.6
-.9
2.3
2.2
2.8
1.8

Services4
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Help supply services 3
Computer and data processing services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services 3
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Child day care services
Residential care
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services3
Engineering and architectural services
Management and public relations3
Services, nee

■259

-.8
2.9
1.1
.3

14
17
3
160
-12
-58
4
-30
-62
-44
-11
41
-34
-19
17
-25
22
-14
80
-50
-32
-10
0
10
-46
-10
-8
0

Government
Federal
Federal, except Postal Service
State
Education
Other State government
Local
Education
Other local government
1
Data relate to the 1985-94 benchmarks, as originally published,
unless otherwise noted.
2
Less than 0.05 percent.

168




-.2
1.7
2.0

-2.7
-1.4
-2.8

2
-3.2
-6.5
-13.5
-2.5

-.4
-4.9

.8
2.1
.2
-.5
.5
.8
-.2
-.2
(2)
2.8
.2
-.1
-.1
.7
1.0
1.5
-1.7
-1.1
-2.1

-1.2

-1.8

1.0
-.7
4.1

-.9
-.5
.6
-.3
1.2

4.2

0
.5

-1.0
-3.7

.1
1.4
2.3
.4

-1.8
-1.3
-1.1

-1.6

0

-1.0

.4
0
0
.3
.8
-.1
.6
.2
1.0
3

-1.0

.7
.8
-.7

-2.3
-6.3
-1.7

4

-.1
-.5

3.4
-.4

-1.5

79
0
0
12
15
-3
67
16
50

-.3
.9
-.6
.5
-.1

2.5
.1
0
0
.4
.9
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

Data relate to 1989-94.
Includes other industries, not shown separately.

Table 2-E. Relative standard errors1 for estimates of employment,
hours, and earnings
(In percent)
S ze of employment
estimate
50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000

Employment

Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

1.3
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.3

2.0
1.5
1.1
.8
.6
.5

2.9
2.4
1.9
1.4
1.1
.9

Relative errors were estimated with sample data from March
1992-March1993.

Table 2-F. Relative standard errors1 for estimates of employment,
hours, and earnings by industry
(in percent)
Industry

Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Employment

Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

0.1
.4
.4
.1
.2
.1

0.4
.7
.2
.2
.2
.3

0.3
1.0
.3
.4
.5
.4

.2
.2
.1

1.5
.4
.3

1.7
.3
.3

.3
.2

.5
.7

.4
.4

Relative errors were estimated with sample data from March
1992-March1993.

mark level for services, and potentially causing a signifi­
cant downward revision in the services employment totals
previously published.
Revisions between preliminary and final data. First pre­
liminary estimates of employment, hours, and earnings,
based on less than the total sample, are published immedi­
ately following the reference month. Final revised samplebased estimates are published 2 months later when nearly




all the reports in the sample have been received. Table 2-G
presents the root-mean-square error, the mean percent, and
the mean absolute percent revision that may be expected
between the preliminary and final employment estimates.
Revisions of preliminary hours and earnings estimates
are normally not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly
hours and 1 cent for hourly earnings, at the total private
nonfarm level, and may be slightly larger for the more de­
tailed industry groupings.

STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
(Tables B-7, B-14, and B-18)
As explained earlier, State agencies in cooperation with
BLS collect and prepare State and area employment, hours,
and earnings data. These statistics are based on the same
establishment reports used by BLS, however, BLS uses the
full CES sample to produce monthly national employment
estimates, while each State agency uses its portion of the
sample to independently develop a State employment esti­
mate.
The CES area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Defi­
nitions for all areas are published each year in the issue of
Employment and Earnings that contains State and area an­
nual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in defini­
tions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail
may be obtained from the State agencies listed on the in­
side back cover of each issue.
Caution in aggregating State data. The national estima­
tion procedures used by BLS are designed to produce ac­
curate national data by detailed industry; correspondingly
the State estimation procedures are designed to produce
accurate data for each individual State. State estimates are
not forced to sum to national totals nor vice versa. Because
each State series is subject to larger sampling and
nonsampling errors than the national series, summing them
cumulates individual State level errors and can cause dis­
tortions at an aggregate level. This has been a particular
problem at turning points in the U.S. economy, when the
majority of the individual State errors tend to be in the
same direction. Due to these statistical limitations, the
Bureau does not compile or publish a "sum-of-States" em­
ployment series. Additionally, BLS cautions users that such
a series is subject to a relatively large and volatile error
structure, particularly at turning points.

169

Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Industry

Root-mean-square error
of monthly level1

Mean percent revision
Actual

Absolute

74,700

0

0.1

56,600

0

15,700

0

Mining
Metal mining
Coal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

2,300
500
1,000
2,200
400

0
0
-0.1
0
0

.3
.6
.6
.4
.3

Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors

9,700
4,100
4,100
6,000

.1
0
.1
.1

.2
.3
.4
.2

.1
0
0
0
-.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
.1
-.1
0
0

.2
.2
.2
.2
.5
.1
.1
.3
.1
.2
.2
.3
.2
.2
.3

Total
Total private
Goods-producing

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Computer and office equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electronic components and accessories....
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger transit
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

See footnotes at end of table.

170




11,200

8,100
1,400
1,300
1,200
1,900
1,500
2,200
2,500
1,200
2,800
1,400
3,800
3,600
1,400
1,900
1,500
6,000
3,500
500
1,600
2,600

1,500

0
0
0
0
0
0

1,700
1,600

-.1

900
1,700
700

0
.1
0

68,900
8,700
7,000
2,400
3,300
4,800
2,100
2,300
200
1,100
4,500
4,200
1,900

0
0
-.1
.1
0
.1
.1
-.3
-.1
0
0

.1
.2
.7
.7
.2
1.0
.2
.7
.3
.1
.2
.2

6,900
3,800
4,700

0
0
0

.1
.1
.1

.1

Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates—Continued
Root-mean-square error
of monthly level1

Industry

Mean percent revision
Actual

Absolute
.1
.2
.5
.5
.1
.1
.1
.4
.4
.1
.2

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments

34,500
2,500
16,800

12,700
8,400

.1
0
.1
.1
0
0
-.1
.1
.1
.1
.2

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Savings institutions
Nondepository institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and service
Real estate

6,800
4,500
3,200
2,600
1,300
1,500
1,100
1,100
1,800
3,300
2,900
1,000
3,200

0
0
-.1
-.1
0
0
0
.1
0
0
-.1
0
0

.1
.1
.1
.1
.3
.3
.5
.2
.6
.1
.1
.1
.2

Services2
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Help supply services 3
Computer and data processing services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Child day care services
Residential care
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services 3
Engineering and architectural services 3
Management and public relations 3
Services, nee

31,200
2,800
6,300
10,000
14,400
3,100
10,300
9,700
2,700
2,500
1,300
4,500
12,100
6,200
3,100
2,100
3,100
1,600
1,500
12,200
7,800
4,500
1,400
800
4,000
4,400
2,400
2,400
1,300

0
.1
.1
0
.1
0
.2
.2
0
0
.1
0
.4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.1
.3
0
0
0
0
0

.1
.4
.3
.6
.2
.3
.4
.4
.3
.2
.3
.9
.6
.1
.2
.1
.1
.3
.1
.6
.3
.6
.2
.8
.2
.1
.3
.3
.4

Government
Federal
Federal, except Postal Service
State
Education
Other State government
Local
Education
Other local government

37,900
14,000
13,200
14,900
12,300
7,700
25,300
19,800
20,500

15,700
5,600
3,200
1,300
6,100
4,100

,

1
The root-mean-square error is the square root of the mean
squared error. The mean squared error is the square of the difference between the final and preliminary estimates averaged across
a series of monthly observations.
2
Data based on differences from August 1990 through December 1993.




0
0
.1
.1
.1
0

.2
.3
.4
.3
.6
.2
.2
.3
.3

3

Includes other industries, not shown separately.
NOTE: Errors are based on differences from January 1990
through December 1994, unless otherwise noted.

171

Region, State, and Area Labor Force Data
("C" tables)

FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under
Federal assistance programs are developed by State employment security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative program. The local unemployment estimates which
derive from standardized procedures developed by BLS are
the basis for determining eligibility of an area for benefits
under Federal programs such as the Job Training and Partnership Act.
Annual average data for the States and over 260 areas
shown in table C-3 are published in Employment and Earnings (usually the May issue). For regions, States, selected
metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual average data
classified by selected demographic, social, and economic
characteristics are published in the BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other small
areas have been prepared for administration of various Federal economic assistance programs and may be ordered from
the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The report "Unemployment in States and Local Areas" is published monthly
through GPO and is available in microfiche form only, on
a subscription basis.

ESTIMATING METHODS
Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment
estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, and over 6,500 areas, including nearly 2,400
LMA's, counties, and cities with a population of 25,000 or
more. The estimation methods are described below for
States (and the District of Columbia) and for sub-State areas. At the sub-LMA level, (county and city), estimates are
prepared using disaggregation techniques based on decennial and annual population estimates and current unemployment insurance data. A more detailed description of the
estimation procedure is contained in the BLS document,
Manual for Developing Local Area Unemployment Statistics.

Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force and
unemployment estimates for 11 large States—California,
Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New
York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas—are
sufficiently reliable to be taken directly from the Current
172




Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly basis. These are
termed "direct-use States." For a description of the CPS
concepts, see "Household Data," above.
For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia,
which do not use the CPS directly each month, models based
on a "signal-plus-noise" approach are used to develop em­
ployment and unemployment estimates. These are the "nondirect-use" States. The model of the signal is a time series
model of the true labor force which consists of three com­
ponents: A variable coefficient regression, a flexible trend,
and a flexible seasonal component. The regression tech­
niques are based on historical and current relationships
found within each State's economy as reflected in the dif­
ferent sources of data that are available for each State—the
CPS, the Current Employment Statistics(CES) survey, and
the unemployment insurance (UI) system. The noise com­
ponent of the models explicitly accounts for autocorrelation
in the CPS sampling error and changes in the average mag­
nitude of the error. In addition, the models can identify and
remove the effects of outliers in the historical CPS series.
While all the State models have important components in
common, they differ somewhat from one another to better
reflect individual State characteristics.
Two models—one for the employment-to-population ra­
tio and one for the unemployment rate—are used for each
State. The employment-to-population ratio, rather than the
employment level, and the unemployment rate, rather than
the unemployment level, are estimated primarily because
these ratios are usually more meaningful for economic
analysis.
The employment-to-population ratio models use the re­
lationship between the State's monthly employment from
the CES and the CPS. The models also include trend and
seasonal components to account for movements in the CPS
not captured by the CES series. The seasonal component
accounts for the seasonality in the CPS not explained by
the CES while the trend component adjusts for long-run
systematic differences between the two series.
The unemployment rate models use the relationship be­
tween the State's monthly unemployment insurance (UI)
claims data and the CPS unemployment rate, along with
trend and seasonal components.
In both the employment-to-population ratio and unem­
ployment rate models, an important feature is the use of a
technique that allows the equations to adjust automatically
to structural changes that occur. The regression portion of
the model includes a built-in tuning mechanism, known as
the Kalman Filter, which revises a model's coefficients when
the new data that become available each month indicate
that changes in the data relationships have taken place. Once

the estimates are developed from the models, levels are
calculated for the employment, unemployment, and labor
force levels.
Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, monthly
estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and the District
of Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the
annual average CPS estimates. The benchmarking technique
employs a procedure (called the Denton method) which
adjusts the annual average of the models to equal the CPS
annual average, while preserving, as much as possible, the
original monthly seasonal pattern of the model estimates.
In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction is
required; the average of the 12 monthly State CPS esti­
mates will equal the CPS annual averages.

Estimates for sub-State areas

census. These factors are applied to the CES estimates for
the current period to obtain adjusted employment estimates,
to which are added estimates for employment not repre­
sented in the CES—agricultural employees, nonagricultural
self-employed and unpaid family workers, and private
household workers.
Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the current month,
the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the esti­
mates for each of three categories: (1) Persons who were
previously employed in industries covered by State UI laws;
(2) those previously employed in industries not covered by
these laws; and (3) those who were entering the civilian
labor force for the first time or reentering after a period of
separation.

Monthly labor force and employment estimates for two
large sub-State areas—New York City and the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area—are obtained directly
from the CPS. Estimates for the nearly 2,400 LMA's, are
prepared through indirect estimation techniques, described
below.

Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employ­
ment and unemployment are prepared for the State and
LMA's within the State. The LMA estimates geographi­
cally exhaust the entire State. Thus, a proportional adjust­
ment must be applied to all sub-State LMA estimates to
ensure that they add to the independently estimated State
totals for employment and unemployment.

Preliminary estimate—employment The total civilian em­
ployment estimates are based on CES data. These "placeof-work" estimates must be adjusted to refer to place of
residence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from
place of work to place of residence have been developed
for several categories of employment on the basis of employment relationships at the time of the 1990 decennial

Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State
estimates are revised. The revisions incorporate any changes
in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based employ­
ment figures, corrections in claims counts, and updated his­
torical relationships. The corrected estimates are then re­
adjusted to add to the revised (benchmarked) State esti­
mates of employment and unemployment.




173

Seasonal Adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather,
reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays,
and the opening and closing of schools. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by
adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating changes in
a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past
experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a broader
margin of possible error than the original data on which
they are based, because they are subject not only to sampling and other errors but are also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and establishment-based data are published monthly in Employment and
Earnings.
Since January 1980, national labor force data have been
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll ARIMA
(Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was
developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the standard X-ll method. A detailed description of the procedure
appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method
by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12564E, January 1983.
At the beginning of each calendar year, projected seasonal adjustment factors are calculated for use during the
January-June period. In July of each year, BLS calculates
and publishes in Employment and Earnings projected seasonal adjustment factors for use in the second half, based
on the experience through June. Revisions of historical data,
usually for the most recent 5 years, are made only at the
beginning of each calendar year. However, as a result of
the revisions to the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980
census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted
series in early 1982 were carried back to 1970. In 1994,
data were revised only for that year because of the major
revisions implemented in the Current Population Survey.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For
example, for each of the three major labor force components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural employment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age groups
(men and women under and over 20 years of age) are separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then added to
174




derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally ad­
justed figure for the labor force is a sum of eight seasonally
adjusted civilian employment components and four sea­
sonally adjusted unemployment components. The total for
unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment com­
ponents, and the unemployment rate is derived by dividing
the resulting estimate of total unemployment by the esti­
mate of the labor force. Because of the independent sea­
sonal adjustment of various series, components will not nec­
essarily add to totals.
In each January issue, Employment and Earnings pub­
lishes revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor
force series based on the experience through December,
new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate the
civilian unemployment estimate for the first 6 months of
the following year, and a description of the current sea­
sonal adjustment procedure.
Since the early 1980's, BLS has also used the X-ll
ARIMA procedure to seasonally adjust national establish­
ment-based employment, hours, and earnings data. The X11 ARIMA program had been run once each year after
benchmarking and seasonal adjustment factors had been
projected and published for 12 months ahead (April-March).
Beginning in June 1989, with the introduction of the March
1988 benchmarks, the Bureau modified this procedure to
parallel that used in seasonally adjusting household survey
data. Projected seasonal adjustment factors are calculated
and published twice a year. Revisions of historical data are
made once a year, coincident with benchmark revisions.
All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplica­
tive models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment fac­
tors are computed and applied at component levels. For
employment series, these are generally the 2-digit SIC lev­
els. Seasonally adjusted totals are arithmetic aggregations
for employment series and weighted averages of the sea­
sonally adjusted data for hours and earnings series.
Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the
product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and
seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average weekly
earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are ob­
tained by dividing average weekly earnings, seasonally
adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index
for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W),
and multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average
weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or
nonsupervisory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing
by the 1982 annual average base. For total private, total
goods-producing, total private service-producing, and ma­
jor industry divisions, the indexes of aggregate weekly

hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by summing the
aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the 1982
annual average base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number
of series characterized by small seasonal components rela­
tive to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These
failed or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series, however,
are used in the aggregation to broader level seasonally adjusted series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government employment are derived from unadjusted data which include
Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal Service. The number of temporary census workers for the decennial census, however, are removed prior to the calcula­
tion of seasonal adjustment factors.
BLS has developed an extension of X-ll ARIMA to allow it to adjust more adequately for the effects of the presence or absence of religious holidays in the April survey
reference period and of Labor Day in the September reference period. This extension was applied for the first time
at the end of 1989 to three persons-at-work labor force series which tested as having significant and well-defined
effects in their April data associated with the timing of
Easter. This extension was also used for the seasonal adjustment of many of the establishment-based series on average weekly hours and manufacturing overtime hours,
starting with the computation of the projected factors for
the period beginning in April 1990. Effective with the computation of factors for the November 1993-April 1994 period, an extension of the moving-holiday adjustment was
introduced to adjust for the effects of elections on local
government employment.
Revised seasonally adjusted national establishment-based
series based on the experience through March 1995, new
seasonal adjustment factors for May-October 1995, and a
description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure




appear in the June 1995 issue of Employment and Earnings. Factors for the Movenber 1995-April 1996 period will
appear in the December issue.
Beginning in 1992, BLS introduced publication of sea­
sonally adjusted labor force data for the census regions and
divisions, the 50 States, and the District of Columbia (tables
C-l and C-2). Using the X-ll ARIMA procedure, seasonal
adjustment factors are computed and applied independently
to the component employment and unemployment levels
and then aggregated to regional or State totals. Current sea­
sonal adjustment factors are produced for 6-month periods
twice a year. Historical revisions are made at the begin­
ning of each calendar year. Because of the separate pro­
cessing procedures, totals for the Nation as a whole differ
from the results obtained by aggregating regional or State
data.
Beginning in 1993, BLS introduced publication of sea­
sonally adjusted nonfarm payroll employment data by ma­
jor industry for all States and the District of Columbia (table
B-7). Seasonal adjustment factors are applied directly to
the employment estimates at the division level (compo­
nent series for manufacturing and trade) and then aggre­
gated to the State totals. The recomputation of seasonal
factors and historical revisions are made coincident with
the annual benchmark adjustments. State estimation pro­
cedures are designed to produce accurate (unadjusted and
seasonally adjusted) data for each individual State. BLS
independently develops a national employment series; State
estimates are not forced to sum to national totals. Because
each Sate series is subject to larger sampling and
nonsampling errors than the national series, summing them
cumulates individual State level errors and can cause sig­
nificant distortions at an aggregate level. Due to these sta­
tistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-of-States"
employment series, and cautions users that such a series is
subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure.

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