Full text of Employment and Earnings : August 1987

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I

II

J

EMPLOYMENT Ai ,i
U.S. Department of Lsi
Bureau of Labor Statistic




August 1987

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
William E. Brock, Secretary

Calendar of Features

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner

In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.

Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of
Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of
Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in
cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief
description of the cooperative statistical programs of the
BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory
Notes. The State agencies are listed on the inside back
cover.
Employment and Earnings may be ordered through the
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Household data
Annual averages
Union affiliation
Revised seasonally adjusted series

Establishment data
National annual averages:
Industry divisions (preliminary)

Material in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without
permission.

Jan.

Industry detail (final)

Mar.

Women employees (final)

Mar.

National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and new
seasonal adjustment factors

Second class postage paid at Washington, DC, and at
additional mailing addresses.




Jan., Feb.

Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons
not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin,
Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans, family
relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty
area data
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.

Communications on material in this publication should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and Earnings,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC 20212, or
phone: Gloria P. Green (202) 523-1959. Send correspondence on circulation and subscription matters (including address changes) to the Superintendent of
Documents.

ISSN 0013-6840

Jan.
Jan.

June

Revised historical national data

Supplement1

State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

May

State and area labor force data
Annual averages

1

The latest supplement was published in July 1987.

May

Employment and Earnings
Vol. 34 No. 8 August 1987
Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Rosalie K. Epstein

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables ..
Employment and unemployment developments, July 1987 .

2
4

Statistical tables:
Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Establishment data:
Employment . . . .
Hours and earnings . . . .
State and area labor force data

9
44
79
112

Seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Establishment data:
Employment . . . .
Hours and earnings
Productivity data
.
Explanatory notes .




.

.

.

36
56
101
109

.
.

117

MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page
Employment Status
AAAAAAA-

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

A- 8.
A- 9.
A-10.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1976 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date . .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
,. .
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age . .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by
school enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age . .
Employed and unemployed full-and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
Employment status of persons in families by family relationship .
...

6
7
8
9
12
13

14
16
17

18

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-ll.
A-12.
A-13.
A-14.
A-15.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.

Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and s e x .
.
Unemployed persons by occupation and sex .
.
Unemployed persons by industry and sex
..
..
..
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration o f u n e m p l o y m e n t . . .
Unemployed persons by duration o f unemployment
.
Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment . . . .
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration o f u n e m p l o y m e n t . . .
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods u s e d . . ,
.
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used .

19
20
21
22
23
23
24
25
26
26

Characteristics of the Employed
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.

Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex..
.
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age ..
..
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and s e x . . . .
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker .
Employed civilians by industry and occupation
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status .
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status..
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class pf worker and full- or part-time
status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status . . . .

27
28
29
30
31
31
32
32
33
34
35

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.




Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed
in the United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age,
seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age,
and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted .
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted...
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted.
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted.

36
37
38
39
40
40
41
41
42
42

MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Page

Employment—National

BBBB-

1.
2.
3.
4.

B- 5.
B- 6.
B- 7.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1935 to date .
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry ..
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group ,
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted .
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
...
....
Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased, seasonally adjusted.

43
44
55
56
57
5g
59

Employment—States and Areas

B- 8.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry .

60

Hours and Earnings—National
C- 1.
C- 2.
C- 2a.
C- 3.
C- 4.
C- 5.
C- 6.
C- 7.

Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date .
....
....
....
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by detailed industry ,
Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing payrolls ,
Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted .
...
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted .
The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or
nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted .

79
82
98
99
JQO
JQJ
JQ2
1Q3

Hours and Earnings-—States and Areas

C- 8.

Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and
selected areas .

104

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
C- 9.
C-10.
C-ll.

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry,
seasonally adjusted
Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted . . .
Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates .

109
110
Ill

MONTHLY STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
D- 1.




Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas .

112

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, July 1987

Employment rose substantially in July, while unemployment was little changed. The overall unemployment rate was
5.9 percent, and the rate for civilian workers was 6.0 percent. Both were a full percentage point lower than a year
earlier, with the improvement particularly strong since
February.
Total civilian employment—as measured by the monthly
survey of households—rose by 470,000 in July. The number of nonagricultural payroll jobs—as measured by the
monthly survey of establishments—was up by 300,000. Over
the past year, the two employment series have advanced by
2.8 and 2.5 million, respectively.
Unemployment
Both the number of unemployed persons, 7.2 million in
July, and the civilian unemployment rate, 6.0 percent, were
little changed from June, after seasonal adjustment. Similarly, jobless rates for adult men and women (both at 5.4
percent), teenagers (15.5 percent), whites (5.1 percent),
blacks (12.6 percent), and Hispanics (7.9 percent) all showed
little change between June and July. Over the past year,
however, unemployment rates dropped considerably for all
these worker groups. (See tables A-33 and A-34.)
The number of persons jobless for 15 weeks or more fell
by about 150,000 in July to 1.9 million, the lowest level since
June 1980. The average (mean) duration of unemployment
fell from 14.8 weeks in June to 14.0 weeks in July. (See
table A-40.)
Civilian employment and the labor force
Civilian employment rose by 470,000 in July to 112.7 million on a seasonally adjusted basis. Over the year, employment increased by 2.8 million, with adult women accounting
for 1.4 million of the gain, adult men for 1.2 million, and
teenagers for 200,000. (See table A-33.)
The civilian labor force increased by about 435,000 in July,
after seasonal adjustment, following a drop of similar magnitude in the previous month. Prior to seasonal adjustment,
very large labor force increases typically occur in the Aprilto-July period, as young people leave school and enter the
summer job market. This often results in uneven month-tomonth changes in the labor force, even after seasonal
adjustment. During this year's summer expansion period,




the labor force was up about 600,000 after seasonal adjustment. (See table A-33.)
Industry payroll employment
Total nonagricultural employment rose by about 300,000
in July to 102.1 million, after seasonal adjustment. This increase followed 2 months of slow job growth in business
establishments. While the service-producing sector accounted
for most of the over-the-month employment increase, as it
usually does, job gains were also widespread in manufacturing industries, after seasonal adjustment. (See table B-4.)
In the goods-producing sector, manufacturing employment
rose by 70,000, to 19.1 million in July. This gain occurred
despite an employment decline of 40,000 in motor vehicles
and equipment, primarily reflecting model changeover and
inventory adjustments. Construction employment was unchanged in July and has experienced little movement, on a
seasonally adjusted basis, since January. The number of jobs
in mining and its oil and gas extraction component edged
up, continuing a recent trend of small employment gains.
In the service-producing sector, the services industry rose
by 80,000 in July, paced by a 35,000 gain in its health services component. Employment in retail trade advanced by
60,000, following 2 months of little change. The finance,
insurance, and real estate industry continued to expand, gaining 20,000 jobs in July.
Weekly hours
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls edged down 0.1
hour in July to 34.7 hours, seasonally adjusted. Manufacturing hours remained at very high levels. The workweek
was at 41.0 hours for the third month in a row, and factory
overtime edged back up to 3.8 hours. (See table C-5.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls increased 0.3 percent to 120.3 (1977 = 100), seasonally
adjusted. Reflecting July's employment gains, the manufacturing index rose by 0.5 percent to 93.7. (See table C-6.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings and average weekly earnings

were little changed on a seasonally adjusted basis in July.
Prior to seasonal adjustment, hourly earnings decreased by
1 cent to $8.91, and weekly earnings were down 35 cents
to $311.85. (See tables C-l and C-7.)

The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 173.2 (1977 = 100)




in July, seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.2 percent from
June. For the 12 months ended in July, the increase was 2.4
percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two types of changes
unrelated to underlying wage rate movements—fluctuations
in manufacturing overtime and interindustry employment
shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI
decreased 1.4 percent during the 12-month period ended in
June. (See table C-7.)

Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Release date

Reference month

Release date

August

September 4

November

December 4

September

October 2

December

January 8

October

November 6

January

February 5

Reference month

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the noninstltutfonal population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Year
and
month

Noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Civilian
Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
19531 .
1954 ..
1955 ..
1956 ..
1957 ..
1958 ..
1959 ..

109,287
110,463
111,747
112,919
114,213
115,574
117,117

65,246
65,785
67,087
68,517
68,877
69,486
70,157

59.7
59.6
60.0
60.7
60.3
60.1
59.9

63,410
62,251
64,234
65,764
66,019
64,883
66,418

2,231
2,142
2,064
1,965
1,948
1,847
1,788

61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

6,260
6,205
6,450
6,283
5,947
5,586
5,565

54,919
53,904
55,722
57,514
58,123
57,450
59,065

1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

2.8
5.4
4.3
4.0
4.2
6.6
5.3

44,041
44,678
44,660
44,402
45,336
46,088
46,960

I9601 .
1961 ..
19621 .
1963 ..
1964 ..
1965 ..
1966 ..
1967 ..
1968 ..
1969 ..

119,106
120,671
122,214
124,422
126,503
128,459
130,180
132,092
134,281
136,573

71,489
72,359
72,675
73,839
75,109
76,401
77,892
79,565
80,990
82,972

60.0
60.0
59.5
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.8
60.2
60.3
60.8

67,639
67,646
68,763
69,768
71,323
73,034
75,017
76,590
78,173
80,140

1,861
1,900
2,061
2,006
2,018
1,946
2,122
2,218
2,253
2,238

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

5,458
5,260
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.4
6.5
5.4
5.5
5.0
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.4

47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602

1970 ..
1971 ..
19721 .
19731 .
1974 ...
1975 ..
1976 ..
1977 ..
19781 .
1979 ..

139,203
142,189
145,939
148,870
151,841
154,831
157,818
160,689
163,541
166,460

84,889
86,355
88,847
91,203
93,670
95,453
97,826
100,665
103,882
106,559

61.0
60.7
60.9
61.3
61.7
61.6
62.0
62.6
63.5
64.0

80,796
81,340
83,966
86,838
88,515
87,524
90,420
93,673
97,679
100,421

2,118
1,973
1,813
1,774
1,721
1,678
1,668
1,656
1,631
1,597

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.8
5.8
5.5
4.8
5.5
8.3
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8

54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900

1980 ..
1981 ..
1982 ..
1983 ..
1984 ..
1985 ..
19861 .

169,349
171,775
173,939
175,891
178,080
179,912
182,293

108,544
110,315
111,872
113,226
115,241
117,167
119,540

64.1
64.2
64.3
64.4
64.7
65.1
65.6

100,907
102,042
101,194
102,510
106,702
108,856
111,303

1,604
1,645
1,668
1,676
1,697
1,706
1,706

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237

7.0
7.5
9.5
9.5
7.4
7.1
6.9

60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
July
August
September
October....
November
December

182,354
182,525
182,713
182,935
183,114
183,297

119,789
119,821
119,988
120,163
120,426
120,336

65.7
65.6
65.7
65.7
65.8
65.7

111,559
111,764
111,703
111,941
112,183
112,387

1,672
1,697
1,716
1,749
1,751
1,750

109,887
110,067
109,987
110,192
110,432
110,637

3,124
3,057
3,142
3,162
3,215
3,161

106,763
107,010
106,845
107,030
107,217
107,476

8,230
8,057
8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949

6.9
6.7
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6

62,565
62,704
62,725
62,772
62,688
62,961

1987:
January ....
February...
March
April
May
June
July

183,575
183,738
183,915
184,079
184,259
184,421
184,605

120,782
121,089
120,958
121,070
121,719
121,235
121,672

65.8
65.9
65.8
65.8
66.1
65.7
65.9

112,759
113,122
113,104
113,570
114,173
113,975
114,447

1,748
1,740
1,736
1,735
1,726
1,718
1,720

111,011
111,3,82
111,368
111,835
112,447
112,257
112,727

3,145
3,236
3,284
3,290
3,335
3,178
3,219

107,866
108,146
108,084
108,545
109,112
109,079
109,508

8,023
7,967
7,854
7,500
7,546
7,260
7,224

6.6
6.6
6.5
6.2
6.2
6.0
5.9

62,793
62,649
62,957
63,009
62,540
63,187
62,933

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for




seasonal variation.
NOTE: Revisions of seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data
(shown in tables A-1 through A-3 and A-32 through A-53) for the most
recent 5-year period are made at the end of each calendar year.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2.

Employment status of the nonlnstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1976 to date

(Numbers in thousands)

Sex, year,
and month

Noninstitutranal
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Civilian
Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
MEN

1976
1977
1979

75,341
76,756
78,107
79,509

58,756
59,959
61,151
62,215

78.0
78.1
78.3
78.2

54,720
56,291
58,010
59,096

1,582
1,563
1,531
1,489

53,138
54,728
56,479
57,607

2,744
2,671
2,718
2,686

50,394
52,057
53,761
54,921

4,036
3,667
3,142
3,120

6.9
6.1
5.1
5.0

16,585
16,797
16,956
17,293

1980
1981
1982
t983
1984
1985
19861

80,877
82,023
83,052
84,064
85,156
86,025
87,349

62,932
63,486
63,979
64,580
65,386
65,967
66,973

77.8
77.4
77.0
76.8
76.8
76.7
76.7

58,665
58,909
57,800
58,320
60,642
61,447
62,443

1,479
1,512
1,529
1,533
1,551
1,556
1,551

57,186
57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892

2,709
2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511

54,477
54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381

4,267
4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530

6.8
7.2
9.7
9.7
7.3
6.9

17,945
18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376

1

1978

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
July
August
September
October
November
December

87,373
87,460
87,556
87,682
87,773
87,868

66,968
66,911
67,128
67,130
67,407
67,425

76.6
76.5
76.7
76.6
76.8
76.7

62,402
62,483
62,528
62,565
62,833
62,986

1,518
1,541
1,560
1,590
1,592
1,593

60,884
60,942
60,968
60,975
61,241
61,393

2,486
2,397
2,495
2,513
2,506
2,489

58,398
58,545
58,473
58,462
58,735
58,904

4,566
4,428
4,600
4,565
4,574
4,439

6.8
6.6
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6

20,405
20,549
20,428
20,552
20,366
20,443

1987:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July

88,020
88,099
88,186
88,271
88,361
88,442
88,534

67,672
67,764
67,644
67,603
67,816
67,556
67,656

76.9
76.9
76.7
76.6
76.7
76.4
76.4

63,187
63,335
63,282
63,417
63,562
63,471
63,715

1,591
1,584
1,575
1,575
1,566
1,559
1,561

61,596
61,751
61,707
61,842
61,996
61,912
62,154

2,474
2,544
2,639
2,664
2,653
2,521
2,556

59,123
59,207
59,068
59,178
59,343
59,391
59,597

4,484
4,429
4,362
4,186
4,254
4,085
3,941

6.6
6.5
6.4
6.2
6.3
6.0
5.8

20,348
20,335
20,542
20,668
20,545
20,886
20,878

Annual averages
WOMEN
1976
1977
19781
1979

82,476
83,932
85,434
86,951

39,069
40,705
42,731
44,343

47.4
48.5
50.0
51.0

35,701
37,381
39,669
41,325

86
92
100
108

35,615
37,289
39,569
41,217

588
612
669
661

35,027
36,677
38,900
40,556

3,369
3,324
3,061
3,018

8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

43,406
43,227
42,703
42,608

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861

88,472
89,751
90,887
91,827
92,924
93,886
94,944

45,611
46,829
47,894
48,646
49,855
51,200
52,568

51.6
52.2
52.7
53.0
53.7
54.5
55.4

42,241
43,133
43,395
44,190
46,061
47,409
48,861

124
133
139
143
146
150
155

42,117
43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706

656
667
665
680
653
644
652

41,461
42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054

3,370
3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1

42,861
42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
July
August
September
October....
November
December

94,981
95,065
95,156
95,253
95,341
95,429

52,821
52,910
52,860
53,033
53,019
52,911

55.6
55.7
55.6
55.7
55.6
55.4

49,157
49,281
49,175
49,376
49,350
49,401

154
156
156
159
159
157

49,003
49,125
49,019
49,217
49,191
49,244

638
660
647
649
709
672

48,365
48,465
48,372
48,568
48,482
48,572

3,664
3,629
3,685
3,657
3,669
3,510

6.9
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.6

42,160
42,155
42,296
42,220
42,322
42,518

1987:
January ....
February...
March
April ..,
May
June
July

95,556
95,639
95,729
95,808
95,898
95,979
96,071

53,110
53,325
53,314
53,467
53,903
53,679
54,016

55.6
55.8
55.7
55.8
56.2
55.9
56.2

49,572
49,787
49,822
50,153
50,611
50,504
50,733

157
156
161
160
160
159
159

49,415
49,631
49,661
49,993
50,451
50,345
50,574

671
692
645
626
681
657
663

48,744
48,939
49,016
49,367
49,769
49,688
49,911

3,538
3,538
3,492
3,314
3,292
3,175
3,283

6.7
6.6
6.6
6.2
6.1
5.9
6.1

42,446
42,314
42,415
42,341
41,995
42,300
42,055

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.




The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Year
and
month

Unemployment rates

Civilian labor force

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

Percent of
population

Employed

Unemployed

Total

Men

Women

Annual averages

19531 .
1954...
1955...,
1956....
1957...
1958...
1959....

107,056
108,321
109,683
110,954
112,265
113,727
115,329

63,015
63,643
65,023
66,552
66,929
67,639
68,369

58.9
58.8
59.3
60.0
59.6
59.5
59.3

61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

2.9
5.5
4.4
4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5

2.8
5.3
4.2
3.8
4.1
6.8
5.2

3.3
6.0
4.9
4.8
4.7
6.8
5.9

I9601 .
1961 ...
19621 .
1963 ...
1964 ...
1965...
1966...
1967 ...
1968...
1969...

117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8

5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7

1970...
1971 ...
19721 .
19731 .
1974...
1975...
1976...
1977...
19781 .
1979...

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1

5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

1980 ...

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0

6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1

1981 ...
1982...
1983...
1984 ...
1985...
19861 .

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
July
August
September
October
November
December

180,682
180,828
180,997
181,186
181,363
181,547

118,117
118,124
118,272
118,414
118,675
118,586

65.4
65.3
65.3
65.4
65.4
65.3

109,887
110,067
109,987
110,192
110,432
110,637

8,230
8,057
8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949

7.0
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7

7.0
6.8
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.7

7.0
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7

1987:
January ....
February ..
March
April
May
June
July

181,827
181,998
182,179
182,344
182,533
182,703
182,885

119,034
119,349
119,222
119,335
119,993
119,517
119,952

65.5
65.6
65.4
65.4
65.7
65.4
65.6

111,011
111,382
111,368
111,835
112,447
112,257
112,727

8,023
7,967
7,854
7,500
7,546
7,260
7,224

6.7
6.7
6.6
6.3
6.3
6.1
6.0

6.8
6.7
6.6
6.3
6.4
6.2
6.0

6.7
6.7
6.6
6.2
6.1
5.9
6.1

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the




Explanatory Notes.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race

(Numbers in thousands)
July 1987
Not in labor force

Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

66.8
67.6
59.7
76.1
82.9
82.2
83.3
83.1
83.5
83.6
83.3
83.9
78.0
80.5
75.2
53.6
64.8
42.2
11.3
19.7
10.6
4.2

114,652
8,383
3,737
4,646
14,226
77,607
33,224
16,695
16,529
26,997
14,645
12,351
17,386
9,493
7,892
11,327
6,915
4,412
3,109
1,889
782
439

7,453
1,513
769
744
1,493
4,012
2,043
1,098
946
1,271
722
550
697
380
316
363
236
127
72
36
19
17

6.1
15.3
17.1
13.8
9.5
4.9
5.8
6.2
5.4
4.5
4.7
4.3
3.9
3.8
3.8
3.1
3.3
2.8
2.3
1.9
2.4
3.7

60,779
4,732
3,043
1,690
3,245
17,725
7,066
3,624
3,442
5,564
3,087
2,477
5,095
2,389
2,707
10,100
3,877
6,223
24,976
7,837
6,772
10,368

29,054
677
321
355
1,648
12,314
5,137
2,546
2,591
3,847
2,214
1,632
3,330
1,620
1,709
5,036
2,210
2,826
9,379
3,021
2,580
3,778

2,169
957
573
384
533
667
442
270
172
193
131
62
31
23
8
3
3

77.9
69.8
62.3
78.2
90.6
93.8
95.0
94.3
95.7
94.5
94.9
94.2
90.5
92.3
88.4
67.2
79.9
53.8
16.4
25.1
15.5
7.6

63,814
4,356
1,990
2,365
7,563
43,363
18,690
9,340
9,350

3,963
776
408
367
776
2,142
1,067
564
503
685
382
304
390
202
187
225
138
87
45
22
16
7

5.8
15.1
17.0
13.4
9.3
4.7
5.4
5.7
5.1
4.4
4.4
4.3
3.8
3.7
4.0
3.3
3.3
3.2
2.3
1.9
3.2
2.2

19,196
2,217
1,453
764
868
3,006
1,040
595
445
900
465
435
1,066
456
610
3,361
1,051
2,310
9,744
3,315
2,749
3,681

544
72
48
24
34
132
36
14
22
40
23
17
55
25
30
80
39
42
225
84
62
79

1,040
481
299
182
279
275
199
121
78
60
52
8
16
9
7
2
2

56.6
65.4
57.0
74.2
75.6
71.0
72.0
72.3
71.8
73.1
72.2
74.2
66.3
69.4
62.9
41.6
51.2
32.0
7.7
15.2
6.9
2.3

50,839
4,027
1,747
2,280
6,663
34,243

3,490
737
360
377
717
1,871
977
534
443
586
340
246
308
178
129
138
98
40
27
14
3
10

6.4
15.5
17.1
14.2
9.7
5.2
6.3
6.8
5.8
4.6
5.0
4.2
3.9
4.1
3.6
2.9
3.3
2.2
2.2
1.8
1.0
6.7

41,583
2,516
1,590
925
2,378
14,719
6,026
3,029
2,997
4,664
2,622
2,042
4,030
1,933
2,097
6,739
2,826
3,913
15,232
4,522
4,023
6,687

28,510
604
273
331
1,613
12,182
5,101
2,532
2,569
3,807
2,192
1,615
3,274
1,595
1,679
4,956
2,172
2,784
9,154
2,937
2,518
3,699

1,130
475
274
202
254
392
243
149
94
133
79
54
15
14
1
1
1

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years ..,
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

182,885
14,628
7,549
7,080
18,965
99,344
42,333
21,416
20,917
33,832
18,454
15,378
23,178
12,263
10,916
21,790
11,029
10,761
28,158
9,761
7,574
10,823

122,105
9,896
4,506
5,390
15,719
81,618
35,268
17,793

86,973
7,348
3,851
3,497

67,777
5,131
2,399
2,733
8,339
45,505

17,475
28,268

15,367
12,901
18,083
9,874
8,209
11,690
7,152

4,539
3,181
1,925
801
456

10
5
2
4

3,099
28
12
15
102
1,131
269
150
119
374
178
196
488
214
274
738
378
360
1,100
259
205
637

26,457
3,071
2,137
935
963
3,613
1,217
658
560
1,150
562
587
1,246
531
716
4,322
1,286
3,037
14,487
4,553
3,986
5,948

1,674
16
4
12
63
754
180
101
79
255
127
128
319
151
168
426
213
213
415
132
84
199

15,939
1,647
1,101
546
491
1,845
624
359
266
545
263
282
675
271
405
2,853
798
2,055
9,102
3,098
2,603
3,401

1,425
12
8
4
39
377
89
49
40
119
51
68
169
63
106
312
165
147
685
127
121
438

10,518
1,424
1,035
389
471
1,768
593
299
294
604
299
305
571
260
311
1,469
488
982
5,385
1,455
1,383
2,547

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

9,207
48,511
20,796
10,498
10,298
16,508
9,039
7,469
11,207

19,757
9,904
9,853
15,608
8,574
7,034
10,141

5,947
5,260
10,245
5,242
5,003

5,491
4,650

11,661
4,426
3,254
3,981

1,917
1,112
504
301

95,912

54,329
4,764
2,107
2,657
7,380

6,884
4,191
2,693

14,923
8,192
6,730
9,751
5,288
4,463
6,659
4,053
2,607
1,872
1,090
488
294

3
1

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over




7,280
3,698
3,583

9,757
50,833
21,537
10,918
10,619
17,324
9,415

7,909
11,972
6,316
5,656
11,545
5,787
5,758

16,497
5,335
4,320
6,842

36,113
15,511
7,889
7,622
12,660
6,793
5,867
7,942
4,383
3,559
4,806
2,961
1,845
1,265
813
297
155

14,534
7,355
7,179
12,074
6,453
5,621
7,634
4,205
3,429
4,668
2,863
1,805
1,237
799
294
145

7
4
2
2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1987
Not in labor force

Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

157,058
11,968
6,151
5,818
15,784
84,742
35,698
18,010
17,688
29,107
15,745
13,362
19,938
10,558
9,381
19,229
9,667
9,562
25,334
8,707
6,817
9,810

Unemployed
Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Percent
of
population

Employed

104,987
8,436
3,825
4,611
13,382
69,976
29,880
15,105
14,775
24,387
13,121
11,266
15,710
8,579
7,131
10,351
6,295
4,056
2,841
1,713
714
415

66.8
70.5
62.2
79.3
84.8
82.6
83.7
83.9
83.5
83.8
83.3
84.3
78.8
81.3
76.0
53.8
65.1
42.4
11.2
19.7
10.5
4.2

99,609
7,384
3,279
4,106
12,310
67,067
28,468
14,363
14,105
23,449
12,605
10,844
15,151
8,284
6,867
10,070
6,106
3,964
2,777
1,679
699
399

5,378
1,051
546
505
1,072
2,910
1,413
742
670
938
516
422
559
293
265
281
189
92
64
34
14
16

5.1
12.5
14.3
11.0
8.0
4.2
4.7
4.9
4.5
3.8
6.3
3.7
3.6
3.4
4.1
2.7
3.0
2.3
2.2
2.0
2.0
3.9

52,071
3,533
2,326
1,207
2,402
14,765
5,817
2,905
2,913
4,720
2,623
2,097
4,228
1,979
2,249
8,878
3,372
5,506
22,493
6,995
6,103
9,395

25,407
489
209
280
1,296
10,554
4,368
2,132
2,235
3,359
1,960
1,455
2,827
1,389
1,459
4,494
1,965
2,529
8,575
2,706
2,374
3,495

1,521
653
403
250
396
462
299
192
107
136
87
49
27
19
9
2
2

2,425
23
11
13
56
876
215
110
105
302
157
146
358
153
204
573
302
271
899
202
172
525

22,718
2,367
1,704
663
655
2,875
935
470
465
923
443
481
1,017
419
598
3,810
1,103
2,706
13,012
4,082
3,560
5,370

75,246
6,034
3,146
2,887
7,718
41,903
17,770
8,945
8,826
14,375
7,800
6,575
9,758
5,183
4,575
9,095
4,633
4,462
10,497
3,970
2,930
3,597

58,994
4,369
2,024
2,345
7,132
39,609
17,002
8,526
8,476
13,686
7,451
6,235
8,922
4,834
4,088
6,146
3,743
2,403
1,737
1,001
459
278

78.4
72.4
64.3
81.2
92.4
94.5
95.7
95.3
96.0
95.2
95.5
94.8
91.4
93.3
89.4
67.6
80.8
53.9
16.6
25.2
15.7
7.7

56,089
3,839
1,729
2,110
6,565
38,018
16,231
8,129
8,102
13,179
7,177
6,002
8,609
4,681
3,928
5,967
3,628
2,339
1,699
981
446
271

2,906
531
296
235
567
1,591
771
397
374
507
273
233
313
152
160
179
115
64
39
19
12
7

4.9
12.1
14.6
10.0
8.0
4.0
4.5
4.7
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.2
3.9
2.9
3.1
2.6
2.2
1.9
2.6
2.4

16,251
1,664
1,122
542
585
2,293
768
419
350
689
349
340
836
349
487
2,949
890
2,059
8,759
2,970
2,471
3,319

411
46
31
15
25
87
24
10
13
25
17
8
37
21
16
71
35
36
184
60
56
67

761
342
205
137
222
195
138
88
49
44
36
8
13
6
8
2
2

1,324
11
2
9
25
591
139
70
69
210
111
99
242
118
124
350
175
174
347
102
75
171

13,754
1,266
884
381
314
1,421
468
250
218
410
185
225
543
205
339
2,527
678
1,849
8,227
2,806
2,341
3,080

81,812
5,935
3,005
2,930
8,066
42,839
17,927
9,065
8,862
14,732
7,945
6,787
10,180
5,375
4,806
10,134
5,034
5,100
14,837
4,737
3,887
6,213

45,993
4,066
1,800
2,266
6,250
30,367
12,878
6,579
6,299
10,701
5,670
5,031
6,788
3,745
3,043
4,206
2,553
1,653
1,104
712
255
137

56.2
68.5
59.9
77.3
77.5
70.9
71.8
72.6
71.1
72.6
71.4
74.1
66.7
69.7
63.3
41.5
50.7
32.4
7.4
15.0
6.6
2.2

43,521
3,545
1,550
1,996
5,745
29,049
12,237
6,234
6,003
10,270
5,428
4,842
6,542
3,603
2,939
4,103
2,478
1,625
1,079
698
253
128

2,472
521
251
270
505
1,319
641
345
296
431
243
189
246
141
105
103
74
28
25
15
2

5.4
12.8
13.9
11.9
8.1
4.3
5.0
5.3
4.7
4.0
4.3
3.8
3.6
3.8
3.4
2.4
2.9
1.7
2.3
2.1
.8
6.8

35,820
1,869
1,204
664
1,817
12,472
5,049
2,486
2,563
4,031
2,274
1,757
3,392
1,630
1,762
5,929
2,481
3,447
13,733
4,025
3,632
6,076

24,995
443
178
265
1,271
10,467
4,344
2,122
2,222
3,333
1,920
1,413
2,790
1,368
1,422
4,423
1,930
2,493
8,391
2,646
2,318
3,428

759
312
198
114
174
267
162
104
58
92
51
41
14
13
1

1,101
12
8
4
30
285
76
40
36
93
46
47
116
35
80
223
126
97
551
100
97
354

8,964
1,102
820
282
341
1,454
467
220
247
514
258
256
473
214
259
1,282
425
857
4,785
1,276
1,219
2,290

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Other
reasons

WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

1
1

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years ..25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over ...

10




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1987
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

605
4
2
3
43
216
45
35
9
65
17
47
106
45
61
151
70
81
191
55
136

3,050
570
341
229
245
589
232
157
74
183
106
77
174
85
89
436
146
291
1,210
379
831

307
4
2
3
37
135
34
27
6
40
13
26
61
26
35
64
33
32
67
30
37

1,772
302
171
131
138
347
130
92
37
113
66
47
104
55
49
280
100
181
705
242
463

299

1,279
268
170
98
107
242
102
65
37
70
40
30
70
30
40
156
46
110
505
137
368

BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

20,373
2,168
1,129
1,040
2,577
11,175
5,146
2,656
2,489
3,568
2,050
1,519
2,461
1,306
1,156
2,098
1,099
999
2,354
859
1,495

13,468
1,205
548
657
1,914
8,999
4,234
2,114
2,120
2,959
1,721
1,238
1,806
990
817
1,068
682
386
281
164
117

66.1
55.6
48.6
63.2
74.3
80.5
82.3
79.6
85.2
82.9
84.0
81.5
73.4
75.8
70.7
50.9
62.1
38.6
12.0
19.1
7.8

11,645
794
354
440
1.539
8,032
3,669
1,795
1,874
2,683
1,545
1,137
1,680
911
769
1,006
645
360
275
164
110

1,823
411
194
217
376
967
565
320
245
276
176
100
126
79
47
62
37
25
7
1
7

13.5
34.1
35.4
33.0
19.6
10.7
13.3
15.1
11.6
9.3
10.2
8.1
7.0
8.0
5.8
5.8
5.4
6.6
2.4
.6
6.0

6,905
963
580
383
663
2,176
911
542
369
610
330
280
655
316
339
1,030
417
613
2,073
694
1,379

2,816
160
99
61
286
1,257
558
304
254
327
182
145
372
182
189
442
200
242
671
261
410

436
229
139
90
89
116
77
46
31
36
23
12
3
3

9,140
1,068
569
499
1,173
5.005
2,324
1,200
1,124
1,588
913
676
1,093
580
513
944
497
448
948
374
574

6,797
637
308
329
968
4,456
2,129
1,063
1,066
1,417
820
597
909
494
416
593
363
230
142
82
60

74.4
59.6
54.1
66.0
82.5
89.0
91.6
88.6
94.8
89.2
89.8
88.4
83.2
85.2
81.0
62.8
73.0
51.4
15.0
22.1
10.4

5,884
421
206
215
787
3,982
1,868
917
951
1,272
732
540
841
451
390
557
345
212
138
81
56

912
216
102
115
181
474
261
147
114
145
88
57
68
43
25
36
18
18
5
1
4

13.4
33.9
33.0
34.8
18.7
10.6
12.3
13.8
10.7
10.2
10.7
9.5
7.5
8.8
6.0
6.1
5.0
7.9
3.3
1.2

2,343
431
261
170
205
550
195
137
58
171
93
78
183
86
97
351
134
217
806
291
515

103
21
14
7
2
37
11
4
7
10
4
6
16
3
13
8
2
6
35
20
15

166
104
75
29
29
33
22
14
8
10
9

11,233
1,100
560
541
1,404
6,170
2,822
1,456
1,365
1.980
1,137
843
1,368
726
643
1.154
602
551
1,406
485
921

6,671
568
240
327"
946
4,543
2,105
1,051
1,054
1,541
901
641
896
496
401
475
319
156
139
82
57

59.4
51.6
43.0
60.6
67.4
73.6
74.6
72.2
77.2
77.9
79.2
76.1
65.5
68.3
62.3
41.2
53.0
28.3
9.9
16.9
6.2

5,761
373
148
225
751
4,050
1,801
878
923
1,410
813
597
839
460
379
449
300
149
137
83
54

911
195
92
102
195
493
304
173
131
131
88
43
58
36
22
26
19
7
2

13.6
34.3
38.4
31.2
20.6
10.9
14.4
16.5
12.4
8.5
9.8
6.8
6.4
7.2
5.4
5.5
5.9
4.7
1.6

4.562
532
319
213
458
1,626
716
405
311
438
237
202
472
230
242
678
283
396
1,267
403
864

2,714
139
85
54
284
1,220
547
300
247
317
178
139
356
179
176
434
198
236
636
241
395

270
125
64
61
60
83
55
32
23
26
14
12
2
1

1
1
1
1

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

1
2

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

1
1
1
1

6
81
11
8
3
25
4
21
45
19
26
87
38
49
124
25
99

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




11

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1987
Civilian labor force
Age and sex

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

25,826
2,660
1,398
1,262
3,180
14,602
6,636
3,407
3,229
4,726
2,710
2,015
3,241
1,705
1,535
2,561
1,362
1,199
2,824
1,054
756
1,014

17,118
1,460
681
779
2,337
11,642
5,387
2,688
1,452
3,881
2,246
1,635
2,373
1,295
1,078
1,339
856
483
340
212
87
41

66.3
54.9
48.7
61.8
73.5
79.7
81.2
78.9
45.0
82.1
82.9
81.1
73.2
76.0
70.2
52.3
62.9
40.3
12.0
20.1
11.5
4.0

15,043
999
459
540
1,916
10,539
4,757
2,333
2,424
3,548
2,040
1,508
2,234
1,209
1,026
1,257
809
448
332
210
83
40

307
36
24
12
36
182
80
35
45
52
32
19
49
18
30
35
21
14
18
9
6
4

14,736
963
435
528
1,880
10,358
4,677
2,298
2,379
3,496
2,009
1,488
2,185
1,190
995
1,222
788
434
314
202
77
36

2,076
462
222
239
421
1,103
631
355
276
333
206
127
139
87
52
82
47
35
8
2
6
1

12.1
31.6
32.7
30.7
18.0
9.5
11.7
13.2
19.0
8.6
9.2
7.8
5.8
6.7
4.8
6.1
5.5
7.3
2.4
.9
6.9

8,708
1,200
717
483
843
2,960
1,248
719
530
845
464
380
867
410
458
1,222
505
716
2,484
842
669
973

11,727
1,314
705
610
1,489
6,609
3,026
1,554
1,472
2,134
1,240
894
1,449
764
685
1,150
609
541
1,164
456
323
385

8,782
762
374
388
1,207
5,896
2,754
1,378
1,377
1,922
1,123
799
1,219
657
562
738
448
290
179
111
45
23

74.9
58.0
53.1
63.6
81.0
89.2
91.0
88.7
93.5
90.1
90.6
89.4
84.1
86.1
82.0
64.2
73.5
53.6
15.4
24.3
13.9
6.0

7,725
517
261
256
998
5,345
2,459
1,211
1,248
1,744
1,015
729
1,142
607
535
692
425
267
173
109
42
23

251
30
18
12
30
141
67
28
39
34
25
9
40
16
23
31
20
12
19
9
6
4

7,474
487
243
244
967
5,204
2,392
1,183
1,209
1,710
991
719
1,102
591
511
661
405
255
154
100
36
19

1,057
245
113
132
209
551
295
167
129
178
108
70
77
50
27
46
23
23
6
2
4

12.0
32.2
30.1
34.1
17.3
9.3
10.7
12.1
9.3
9.3
9.6
8.8
6.3
7.6
4.9
6.3
5.1
8.0
3.4
2.2

2,945
552
331
222
282
713
272
176
96
212
116
95
230
107
123
412
161
251
985
345
278
362

14,099
1,345
693
652
1,691
7,993
3,610
1,853
1,757
2,592
1,470
1,121
1,791
941
850
1,411
753
658
1,659
598
433
629

8,336
698
307
391
1,130
5,746
2,633
1,310
1,323
1,959
1,123
836
1,154
638
516
601
408
192
161
101
42
18

59.1
51.9
44.3
60.0
66.8
71.9
72.9
70.7
75.3
75.6
76.4
74.6
64.4
67.8
60.6
42.6
54.2
29.3
9.7
16.9
9.7
2.9

7,318
482
197
285
918
5,194
2,297
1,122
1,176
1,804
1,025
779
1,092
602
491
565
384
181
159
101
41
17

56
6
6

7,262
475
191
284
913
5,154
2,285
1,115
1,170
1,786
1,018
769
1,083
599
484
561
383
178
159
102
41
17

1,018
217
110
107
212
552
336
188
147
155
98
57
61
37
25
36
24
12
2

12.2
31.0
35.8
27.3
18.8
9.6
12.7
14.4
11.1
7.9
8.7
6.8
5.3
5.8
4.8
5.9
5.8
6.1
1.4

5,764
647
386
261
561
2,247
977
543
434
633
348
285
637
303
335
810
344
466
1,499
497
391
611

Unemployed

Employed
Percent
of
population

Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

12



6
41
13
7
6
18
7
10
10
2
7
4
2
2

2
1

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over

Total
Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

180,682
120,303
66.6
111,832
3,655
108,176
8,471
7.0
60,379

182,885
122,105
66.8
114,652
3,754
110,898
7,453
6.1
60,779

78,586
61,882
78.7
58,227
2,497
55,730
3,656
5.9
16,704

79,625
62,645
78.7
59,458
2,556
56,902
3,187
5.1
16,979

87,629
48,517
55.4
45,408
733
44,675
3,109
6.4
39,112

88,632
49,564
55.9
46,811
749
46,062
2,753
5.6
39,067

14,467
9,903
68.5
8,197
426
7,771
1,706
17.2
4,563

14,628
9,896
67.6
8,383
448
7,934
1,513
15.3
4,732

155,502
103,790
66.7
97,559
3,419
94,141
6,231
6.0
51,712

157,058
104,987
66.8
99,609
3,448
96,162
5,378
5.1
52,071

68,455
54,097
79.0
51,358
2,331
49,027
2,739
5.1
14,358

69,212
54,625
78.9
52,250
2,335
49,915
2,375
4.3
14,587

75,173
41,237
54.9
38,951
678
38,273
2,286
5.5
33,936

75,878
41,927
55.3
39,975
700
39,275
1,951
4.7
33,951

11,875
8,456
71.2
7,250
409
6,841
1,206
14.3
3,419

11,968
8,436
70.5
7,384
412
6,972
1,051
12.5
3,533

20,002
13,041
65.2
11,074
175
10,899
1,967
15.1
6,960

20,373
13,468
66.1
11,645
229
11,416
1,823
13.5
6,905

7,917
6,015
76.0
5,236
133
5,103
780
13.0
1,901

8,072
6,159
76.3
5,463
166
5,297
696
11.3
1,912

9,954
5,829
58.6
5,103
35
5,068
726
12.4
4,126

10,133
6,104
60.2
5,388
32
5,355
716
11.7
4,030

2,131
1,197
56.2
735
7
728
462
38.6
934

2,168
1,205
55.6
794
30
764
411
34.1
963

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutionai population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force




13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian nonlnstltutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1987
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Unemployed

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
fun-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

3,573
1,943
1,629

2,066
958
1,108

57.8
49.3
68.0

1,844
823
1,021

786
272
513

1,058
551
507

222
135
87

93
46
47

129
89
40

10.8
14.1
7.9

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

1,232
2,341
1,473
868

510
1,556
825
732

41.4
66.5
56.0
84.3

414
1,430
752
678

92
694
332
362

322
736
420
316

96
126
73
54

33
60
34
26

63
67
39
28

18.8
8.1
8.8
7.4

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

1,722
929
793

956
439
518

55.5
47.2
65.3

864
382
482

404
144
260

460
238
222

92
57
35

35
15
20

57
42
15

9.6
12.9
6.8

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

631
1,092
752
340

250
706
427
279

39.6
64.7
56.8
82.2

209
656
396
260

52
353
193
159

157
303
203
101

41
51
31
19

9
26
13
12

32
25
18
7

16.5
7.2
7.3
7.0

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

1,850
1,014
836

1,110
519
590

60.0
51.2
70.6

979
441
538

381
128
253

598
313
285

130
78
52

58
31
27

73
47
25

11.8
15.1

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

601
1,249
721
528

260
850
397
452

43.2
68.0
55.1
85.6

205
774
356
418

40
342
139
202

166
432
217
216

55
76
41
34

24
34
21
13

30
42
21
21

21.0
8.9
10.4
7.6

2,812
1,483
1,329

1,713
776
937

60.9
52.3
70.5

1,580
703
877

231
437

912
471
440

133
73
60

63
28
35

70
45
25

7.8
9.4
6.4

Men
Women

1,364
1,448

780
933

57.2
64.5

725
855

336
332

389
523

55
78

30
34

25
44

7.1
8.3

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

895
1,917
1,182
735

382
1,332
702
630

42.6
69.5
59.4
85.8

334
1,247
654
593

65
603
285
318

268
643
369
275

48
85
48
38

21
43
23
20

27
42
25
18

12.6
6.4
6.8
6.0

566
366
201

276
160
117

48.7
43.7
58.0

199
101
98

102
62
40

25
16
10

51
43
9

27.8
36.6
15.8

Men
Women

254
312

132
144

51.8
46.3

102
97

48
54

5
21

25
27

22.3
32.8

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

279
287
199
88

109
167
99
68

39.1
58.1
49.7
76.9

63
137
81
56

40
61
37
25

12
14
8
6

35
16
10
6

42.8
18.0
18.5

397
253
144

156
65
91

39.3
25.5
63.6

139
58
81

10
1
9

10.9
(2)
11.3

Men
Women

217
179

81
75

37.2
41.9

70

9
1

13.8
7.7

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

195
202
131
71

40
116
60
57

20.4
57.6
45.5

35
104
52
52

1
9
7
2

10.7

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

See footnotes at end of table.

14




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1987
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Unemployed

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
30,020
12,685
17,335

23,549
8,938
14,611

78.4
70.5
84.3

20,765
7,560
13,205

15,273
3,939
11,334

5,492
3,621
1,872

2,784
1,378
1,406

2,170
902

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

10,487
11,543
5,928
2,062

6.710
9,587
5,302
1,951

64.0
83.1
89.4
94.6

5,409
8,573
4,955
1,828

2,922
6,787
3,938
1,626

2,487
1,786
1,017
202

1,300
1,014
346
123

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

14,833
6,419
8,414

12,515
4,693
7,822

84.4
73.1
93.0

11,054
3,974
7,081

8,570
2,234
6,336

2,484

1,740
744

1,460
719
741

5,605

4,072
4,971
2,571

3,311

2,029
3,814

901

72.6
90.2
92.4
96.5

842

1,967
760

1,282
672
448
82

15,187
6,266
8,921

11,034
4,245
6,789

72.7
67.7
76.1

9,711
3,586
6,125

6,703
1,706
4,997

3,008
1,880
1,127

4,882
6,031
3,145
1,129

2,638
4,616
2,730
1,050

54.0
76.5
86.8
93.0

2,098
4,087
2,540

893
2,973
1,971

20,104

20 to 24 years

24,941
10,486
14,455

12,445

80.6
73.0
86.1

18,114
6,681
11,433

Men
Women

12,388
12,554

10,721
9,383

86.5
74.7

8,447
9,611
5,030
1,853

5,638
8,168
4,537
1,761

4,179
1,803
2,376

Men
Women
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

614
476
138

11.8
15.4
9.6

910
882
262
116

391
132
84
7

19.4
10.6
6.5
6.3

1,193
492
702

267
227
39

11.7
15.3
9.5

761

569

485
156
58

448
123
54

192
37
33
4

18.7
9.8
6.1
6.5

1,324
659
665

977
410
566

347
249
98

12.0
15.5
9.8

1,205
1,114

540
529

341
434

569
119

190
64

140
62

199
95
51
3

20.5
11.5
7.0
6.1

13,410
3,528
9,882

4,704
3,154
1,550

1,990
1,012

1,520
621
899

470
357
113

9.9
12.8
8.1

9,679
8,435

7,572
5,838

2,107
2,597

1,042
948

842
678

200
269

9.7
10.1

66.7
85.0
90.2
95.0

4,705
7,443
4,306
1,660

2,582
5,904
3,440
1,484

2,122
1,539

933
726
231
101

634
629

299
97

16.6
8.9
5.1
5.7

2,843
1,045
1,798

68.0
58.0
75.7

2,133
1,440

1,492
330
1,163

641
363
278

710
352
357

592
257
335

118
96
22

25.0
33.7
19.9

1,987
2,192

1,473
1,370

74.1
62.5

1,106
1,028

798
695

308
333

368
342

319
273

49

25.0
25.0

1,713
1,624

896
1,203
620

571
934
517
112

263
739
398
92

308
194
118
21

325
269
103

252
241
88

73
29
15

36.3
22.4
16.6

124

52.3
74.1
87.4
93.5

12

11

1

9.8

2,846
1,078
1,768

1,963
616
1,347

69.0
57.2
76.2

1,721
500
1,221

1,360
300
1,060

361
201
161

242
116
127

207
95
112

35
21
14

12.3
18.8
9.4

Men
Women

1,447
1,399

1,193
771

82.4
55.1

1,059
662

869
491

190
171

134
108

117
91

17
18

11.2
14.1

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1,529
894
345
78

920
681
288
75

60.2
76.1
83.5
96.6

791

616
486

175
115
63

129

601
257
72

110
70
24
3

19
10
6

Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

5,512
2,783
934

4,486
2,415

986

1,268

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

7,659

978

163

95

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

709
133

693

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and




194
64

80
30
3

14.0
11.8

10.5
3.9

college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.

15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Total

Veteran status
and age
July
1966

July
1987

Employed

Unemployed
Percent of
labor force

Number
July
1966

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

4.9
5.2
8.8
5.0
3.7
3.2

5.3
5.6
9.8
5.5
4.3
3.8

5.3
5.6
5.2
4.7

4.4
4.6
4.1
4.4

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over

7,751
6,380
1,137
3,048
2,195
1,371

7,843
6,210
915
2,589
2,706
1,633

7,222
6,120
1,085
2,923
2,112
1,102

7,260
5,956
871
2,484
2,601
1,304

6,868
5,801
990
2,778
2,033
1,067

6,877
5,623
786
2,348
2,489
1,254

354
319
95

145
79
35

383
333
85
136
112
50

18,446
8,576
5,736
4,134

19,510
8,869
6,231
4,410

17,455
8,161
5,418
3,876

18,474
8,494
5,882
4,096

16,531
7,701
5,138
3,692

17,665
8,103
5,643
3,919

924
460
280
184

809
391
239
179

NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data

16




are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
July 1987
Unemployed

Employed
Part time

Full time
Sex, age, and race

Total

Full-time
schedules1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time

Total

Voluntary1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

6,262
947
367
581

1,191
566
402
164
625
178
448
347
101

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ...
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 XQ 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

96,256
4,211
1,308

2,903
92,045
11,847
80,198
69,154
11,043
57,886
2,378

55,509
6,597
48,912
41,758
7,153
38,371
1,834
36,536
5,250
31,287

27,396
3,890

94,408
3,978
1,232
2,746

90,430
11,555
78,876
68,020

1,848

233
76
157
1,615

292
1,322
1,134

18,396
4,171
2,429
1,742
14,224
2,379
11,846
8,452
3,394

14,025
2,748
1,691
1,057
11,277
1,564
9,714
6,657
3,057

4,371
1,423
738

815
2,132
1,795
337

5,315
1,315
4,000
3,666
334

685
2,947

10,855

188

§6,849
2,249
54,600
6,443
48,157
41,098
7,059

1,037
129
909
154
755
660

5,928
1,979
3,949
966
2,983
1,606
1,378

4,000
1,282
2,718
556
2,162
919
1,243

1,928
697
1,231
410
821
687
135

3,530
506
3,024
722
2,302
2,077
225

433
269

37,560
1,729

811
105
706
138
569
474
95

12,468
2,193
10,274
1,413
8,862
6,847
2,015

10,025
1,466
8,558
1,007
7,551
5,738
1,813

2,443
727
1,716
406
1,311
1,109
202

2,732
441

1,698
1,589
109

758
296
462
124
339
282
57

882
108
774
133
642
570
72

5,053
1,716
3,336
779
2,556
1,312
1,244

3,502
1,127
2,375
451
1,923
789
1,134

1,551
589
961
328
633
523
110

2,598
344
2,254
528
1,725
1,545
180

308
187
122
39
83
45
38

674
92

11,089
1,909
9,180
1,211
7,968
6,194
1,774

9,115
1,291
7,824
885
6,938
5,310
1,628

1,974
618
1,356
326
1,030
884
146

1,879
306
1,573
406
1,168
1,088
79

593
215
378
98
280
231

378
122
256
74
182

310
89
221
71
150
129
21

815
149
665
174
491
457
34

67
31
7
25
18
7

684
123
561
100
461
292

401
91
311
73
238
191
47

772
123
649
170
478
458
20

138
72
67
24
43
35
8

35,830
5,112
30,718
26,922
3,795

2,291
593

163
54
109
65
44

White
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

51,036
2,123
48,913
5,786
43,128

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

32,433
1,637

36,706
6,423

30,796
4,534

50,154
2,015
48,139
5,653
42,486
36,136
6,351
31,759
1,545
30,214
4,418

26,261
22,855
3,407

25,795
22,468
3,327

582
116
466
387
80

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,196
209
4,986
642
4,343

5,066
192

130
17

4,873
626
4,246

3,755
588

3,679
567

113
16
97
76
21

688
211
477
145
332
227
105

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4,676
160

4,564
148

4,515
579
3,938
3,568
370

4,416
559
3,858
3,500
358

112
12
99
20
80
68
12

1,085
214
872
173
699
483
216

49

Black

Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according




98
84

to whether they usually work full or part time.

17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)

July 1987
Not in labor force

Civilian labor force
Unemployed

Family relationship
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

Percent
of
Number
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

Total, 16 years and over1

100,038

67.6

93,842

6,196

6.2

48,047

23,750

1,887

2,242

20,168

Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force

39,760
24,657
1,118
13,984

78.6
91.9
93.4
61.9

38,373
23,866
996
13,510

1,387
791
122
474

3.5
3.2
10.9
3.4

10,852
2,168
79
8,604

190
50
6
135

138
82
6
50

855
321
14
520

9,668
1,716
53
7,900

Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force

28,022
24,863
913
2,247

55.4
64.8
65.8
20.7

26,826
23,866
791
2,168

1,197
996
122
79

4.3
4.0
13.3
3.5

22,589
13,510
474
8,604

18,416
11,936
402
6,078

202
171
6
25

342
107
7
229

3,628
1,296
59
2,273

Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

15,842
6,842
5,606
3,396

73.9
70.2
86.5
65.2

14,142
5,987
5,059
3,096

1,701
855
546
300

10.7
12.5
9.7
8.8

5,590
2,900
878
1,812

923
245
134
544

939
594
267
78

354
17
38
299

3,374
2,044
440
890

Women who maintain families

6,562

61.4

5,973

589

9.0

4,126

2,915

126

219

866

Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

5,910
1,758
1,715
2,437

64.5
60.4
78.8
59.7

4,970
1,336
1,474
2,160

940
422
241
277

15.9
24.0
14.1
11.4

3,259
1,154
461
1,644

869
162
141
566

403
279
75
49

313
8
37
268

1,675
705
208
762

Men who maintain families

2,102

75.9

1,978

124

5.9

666

41

16

79

530

Relatives in families maintained by men ...
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,839
360
548
932

65.6
64.2
84.6
58.4

1,581
276
470
835

259
84
78
97

14.1
23.3
14.3
10.4

964
201
99
664

396
31
39
326

63
31
21
11

80
3
6
71

426
136
33
257

,

Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families
where the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the
Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women

18




who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates
shown in other tables in this publication because of differences in
definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Women

Men
Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons

Unemployment
rates

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

6.8
4.2
8.4

3,889
1,575
788
1,526

3,490

12.0

5.8
3.6
6.8
10.4

1,285
735
1,471

7.3
5.6
7.7
10.5

6.4
4.4
7.2
9.8

5.8
3.8
7.2
9.8

4.9
3.3
5.7
8.5

2,853
1,295

592
966

2,472
1,074
502
896

6.3
5.1
7.2
8.2

5.4
4.2
6.2
7.4

15.6
7.7

931
221
180
530

911
172
209
529

14.6

13.6
7.3

15.0
24.9

13.4
6.8
13.0
21.6

5.2
4.0
8.3
8.8

4.4
3.5
6.5
7.5

2,313
1,271
711
331

2,036

3.8
3.2
5.7
5.9

1,762

382

4.6
3.7
7.0
7.5

515
210
110
194

10.7
7.4
15.0
15.6

9.9

July
1987

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

4,582
1,733
527
2,322

3,963
1,513
445
2,005

White, 16 years and over....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,378
1,420
377
1,581

2,906
1,229

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,036
235
138
663

912
220
125
567

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,768

2,411
1,406
411

White, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,128
1,291
352
484

1,808
1,132

Black, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

533
217
136
179




Thousands of
persons

July
1986

July
1986

1,580
500
687

Unemployment
rates

311
1,365

595

294

6.8
11.8
16.4

9.7
10.3
22.3

21.5

649
343

5.6
4.9
7.3
6.0

4.8
3.9
6.7
6.0

1,049
534
179

1,446
870
432
143

5.1
4.6
6.9
4.2

4.1
3.7
5.6
3.3

476
173
163
141

521
136
195
190

9.9
8.4
9.6

10.1
6.2

1,045

13.3

11.4

10.9
16.0

19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Total

Unemployment rates
Men

Total

Women

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

7,453

7.0

6.1

6.8

5.8

7.3

6.4

746
354
392

698
310
388

2.8
2.7
2.8

2.5
2.2
2.7

2.4
2.2
2.5

2.1
1.8
2.5

3.3
3.6
3.1

2.9
2.8
2.9

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,793
129
759
905

1,589
67
681
840

4.9
3.5
5.3
4.8

4.3
1.9
4.8
4.4

4.0
4.5
3.5
4.7

3.4
2.3
2.9
4.8

5.4
2.4
7.1
4.9

4.8
1.4
6.6
4.3

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,367
78
60
1,229

1,250
62
85
1,103

8.4
7.0
3.0
9.3

7.5
5.8
4.2
8.2

8.7

7.3

O

O

2.8
10.8

4.0
8.6

8.2
7.0
4.1
8.5

7.7
6.0
5.2
8.0

,

988
226
472
290

788
208
387
194

6.7
4.8
8.4
6.5

5.4
4.4
6.9
4.5

6.4
4.8
8.4
5.3

5.3
4.3
6.9
4.1

9.6
3.9
7.1
10.7

6.1
9.0
5.0
5.7

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
,
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

1,979
901
424
654
157
497

1,760
774
335
651
161
490

10.0
9.9

8.9
8.5

8.6
8.0

6.6

9.5
9.2
7.9

6.4

11.2
10.9
11.9

9.7
9.3
8.0

11.5
13.6
10.8

11.3
15.8
10.1

12.2

12.0

14.3
10.9

11.4
15.7
10.5

Farming, forestry, and fishing

242

258

5.5

5.6

5.5

5.6

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,291
950
202
140

1,090
789
192
109

Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

20




July
1986

July
1987

8,471

8.3
11.6

O

O

11.3

11.9

5.1

5.8

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

Jnemployment rates

Total

Men

Total

Women

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

7,453

7.0

6.1

6.8

5.8

7.3

6.4

6,192

5,368

6.9

5.9

6.9

5.8

6.9

6.0

170
674

71
561

16.5
10.5

7.9
8.5

18.8
10.3

8.2
9.1

3.1
11.9

6.3
2.9

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Funiture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries

1,509
887
71
53
45
84
104
153
143
136
89
47
58
41
623
146
60
131
17
101
60
62
46

1,273
778
48
43
35
73
87
134
90
212
148
64
15
39
496
130
35
128
20
60
43
45
32

6.7
6.7
9.4
7.9
6.8
10.1
7.5
5.7
6.1
5.1
7.2
3.2
7.4
8.1
6.8
7.3
8.0
9.7
2.3
5.5
4.7
8.3
10.6

5.8
5.9
6.0
6.3
5.8
8.5
6.5
5.2
4.0
7.8
11.7
4.4
2.0
6.9
5.5
7.2
4.6
10.1
2.6
3.2
3.2
6.2
7.5

5.7
6.0
9.8
7.1
6.1
10.8
7.0
5.4
4.2
4.8
6.0
3.7
5.0
5.2
5.1
5.8
7.7
5.1
1.7
4.4
4.3
7.1
7.2

5.2
5.9
6.0
4.7
7.0
8.6
7.2
4.8
4.0
7.2
10.2
4.6
2.1
5.9
3.8
5.4
3.2
2.5
1.9
3.5
2.9
4.8
6.8

8.8
8.3
6.5
9.6
8.9
5.6
9.2
6.8
8.9
6.2
12.2
1.3
10.5
11.3
9.3
10.5
8.3
11.4
4.3
7.1
5.7
10.3
17.2

7.0
6.1
5.9
9.7
1.4
8.0
4.2
6.5
4.1
10.1
16.8
4.1
1.9
8.1
7.8
10.5
6.1
12.2
4.6
2.9
4.1
8.2
9.9

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

338
240
98
1,762
211
1,551
259
1,480
527
953

284
210
75
1,546
185
1,361
226
1,406
521
885

5.6
6.9
3.8
7.6
4.7
8.3
3.8
6.2
4.1
8.6

4.5
5.7
2.8
6.7
4.1
7.3
3.1
5.6
3.9
7.7

5.9
7.6
3.1
6.9
4.8
7.6
3.5
6.8
4.2
8.6

4.2
5.6
2.1
5.7
4.0
6.3
3.6
6.1
3.5
8.0

4.6
4.3
4.8
8.3
4.4
8.9
3.9
5.8
4.1
8.6

5.0
6.1
4.1
7.7
4.4
8.1
2.8
5.4
4.0
7.4

184
804
1,291

197
800
1,090

9.1
3.0
_

9.1
2.9
-

9.6
2.6
_

8.7
2.6
_

7.1
3.4
_

10.4
3.3
_

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience




July
1986

July
1987

8,471

21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
unemployed
Reason for unemployment

Women,
20 years
and over

Men,
20 years
and over
July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

1,513
201
38
163
175
348
789

6,231
2,934
827
2,107
892
1,546
858

5,378
2,506
651
1,855
851
1,317
704

1,967
848
141
707
164
574
381

1,823
790
167
623
173
529
331

100.0
14.0
2.8
11.2
9.1
21.3
55.7

100.0
13.3
2.5
10.8
11.6
23.0
52.1

100.0
47.1
13.3
33.8
14.3
24.8
13.8

100.0
46.6
12.1
34.5
15.8
24.5
13.1

100.0
43.1
7.2
35.9
8.3
29.2
19.4

100.0
43.3
9.1
34.2
9.5
29.0
18.1

2.4
1.6
3.7
9.6

2.0
1.8
3.5
8.0

2.8
.9
1.5
.8

2.4
.8
1.3
.7

6.5
1.3
4.4
2.9

5.9
1.3
3.9
2.5

8,471
3,886
997
2,889
1,089
2,205
1,291

7,453
3,385
839
2,546
1,068
1,911
1,089

3,656
2,482
592
1,890
470
576
127

3,187
2,138
512
1,626
443
482
125

3,109
1,165
357
808
464
1,266
214

2,753
1,046
290
756
450
1,081
176

1,706
238
47
191
155
363
950

100.0
45.9
11.8
34.1
12.9
26.0
15.2

100.0
45.5
11.3
34.2
14.3
25.6
14.6

100.0
67.9
16.2
51.7
12.9
15.8
3.5

100.0
67.1
16.1
51.0
13.9
15.1
3.9

100.0
37.5
11.5
26.0
14.9
40.7
6.9

100.0
38.0
10.5
27.5
16.3
39.3
6.4

3.2
.9
1.8
1.1

2.8
.9
1.6
.9

4.1
.8
.9
.2

3.4
.7
.8
.2

2.4
1.0
2.6
.4

2.1
.9
2.2
.4

July
1986

July
1986

July
1987

July
1987

July
1987

July
1987

Black

July
1986

July
1986

July
1987

White

NUMBER O f UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
^
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

22




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
July 1987
Duration of unemployment

Total unemployed
Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over

Total, 16 years and over...
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

Thousands
of persons

Percent

7,453

100.0

45.8

30.5

3,385
839
2,546
1,068
1,911
1,089

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

37.4
56.2
31.2
55.2
51.9
52.2

28.1
24.5
29.2
28.5
31.4
38.7

3,187

100.0

37.7

28.1

2,138
512
1,626
443
482
125

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

33.9
57.3
26.6
49.1
39.5
55.1

2,753

100.0

1,046
290
756
450
1,081
176

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

23.6

10.6

13.1

34.5
19.3
39.5
16.2
16.8
9.1

15.3
11.6
16.5
7.2
7.6
4.4

19.3
7.8
23.1
9.1
9.1
4.8

34.3

14.2

20.1

27.2
20.4
29.4
25.2
35.0
25.5

38.9
22.3
44.1
25.8
25.5
19.4

15.7
12.2
16.9
9.8
11.8
11.6

23.1
10.1
27.2
16.0
13.7
7.8

49.1

29.7

21.2

10.4

10.9

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

40.0
53.2
34.9
54.9
55.4
50.0

29.7
30.5
29.4
32.8
28.2
30.8

30.3
16.3
35.7
12.4
16.4
19.2

15.9
11.7
17.6
7.1
6.8
7.5

14.4
4.6
18.1
5.3
9.6
11.6

1,513

100.0

57.0

37.3

5.7

3.3

2.4

201
38
163
175
348
789

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

61.1

28.7

10.1

0

0

0

60.4
71.7
58.1
52.2

27.5
26.2
36.1
42.6

12.1
2.0
5.8
5.3

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

Total

6.5

0

7.7
.9
4.5
2.5

3.6

0
4.5
1.1
1.3
2.8

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-16.

Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Full-time workers

Total
Duration of unemployment

Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks




Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

8,471

7,453

100.0

100.0

7,096

6,262

100.0

100.0

3,679
2,710
2,102
609
2,082
873
1,208
501
708

3,415
2,276
1,797
479
1,762
787
975
466
510

43.4
32.0
24.8
7.2
24.6
10.3
14.3
5.9
8.4

45.8
30.5
24.1
6.4
23.6
10.6
13.1
6.3
6.8

2,818
2,337
1,790
548
1,941
805
1,136
468
667

2,695
1,913
1,483
429
1,655
737
918
438
480

39.7
32.9
25.2
7.7
27.4
11.3
16.0
6.6
9.4

43.0
30.5
23.7
6.9
26.4
11.8
14.7
7.0
7.7

14.4
6.2

13.4
5.9

15.6
7.0

14.5
6.6

23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17.

Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

July 1987

Unemployed
less than
5 weeks

Unemployed
15 weeks
and over

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

45.8
57.0
52.0
42.2
40.5
36.4
29.0

23.6
5.7
17.6
28.6
29.2
38.7
46.0

0

24.6
9.4
20.2
27.0
31.4
36.9
40.7
37.9

40.9
54.1
45.5
38.5
35.0
29.3
23.9

29.5
11.4
22.1
33.4
37.4
45.9
48.3

29.1
8.0
22.2
32.9
38.0
44.8
54.0

O

O

0

51.4
60.0
59.0
46.3
47.0
45.4
37.4

18.8
7.0
18.0
19.4
24.2
26.6
30.9

17.4
3.2
12.5
23.9
19.0
31.0
32.9

O

0

0

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

7,453
1,513
1,493
2,043
1,271
697
363
72

3,415
862
776
863
515
254
105
40

2,276
565
455
595
385
174
91
11

787
50
167
268
132
103
60
7

975
36
95
317
240
166
107
14

13.4
6.2
9.6
14.6
16.9
21.0
25.5

O

0

43.4
58.7
45.4
41.2
35.6
33.2
33.0
37.3

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,963
776
776
1,067
685
390
225
45

1,621
420
353
411
240
114
54
30

1,187
294
251
305
185
101
50
2

491
40
104
154
87
59
43
3

664
23
68
197
173
115
78
9

15.9
6.4
11.4
16.8
21.5
24.1
29.0

7.0
4.6
5.8
8.3
9.8
12.5
17.5

39.9
55.3
45.6
34.6
31.8
31.4
29.6

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,490
737
717
977
586
308
138
27

1,794
442
423
453
275
140
52
10

1,088
271
204
291
199
73
41
9

296
10
63
114
44
44
17
4

312
13
27
120
67
51
29
5

10.5
6.0
7.6
12.1
11.4
16.9
19.8

0

0

579
367
212

690
497
192

13.1
16.1
9.6

5.7
6.9
4.7

44.6
40.9
49.0

46.9
41.7
53.1

23.8
29.0
17.5

23.6
29.7
16.3

5.9
4.4
4.8
7.3
7.5
9.6
13.4

0

O
4.9
4.2
4.2
6.1
5.7
6.6
8.0

47.6
62.7
45.1
49.1
40.0
35.3
37.4

0

0

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

5,378
2,906
2,472

2,525
1,211
1,313

1,585
830
755

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,823
912
911

774
345
429

612
308
304

180
104
76

257
155
102

14.6
16.0
13.1

6.4
7.2
5.6

41.0
38.2
44.1

42.5
37.8
47.1

26.9
30.7
22.7

23.9
28.4
19.5

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,513
445
2,005

516
166
939

407
116
665

242
64
185

349
99
216

20.1
19.6
12.0

10.1
9.1
5.5

33.6
33.8
46.1

34.1
37.4
46.8

36.5
37.8
22.4

39.0
36.5
20.0

Women, 16 years and over:.
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,285
735
1,471

661
328
805

409
194
485

108
102
86

107
110
95

9.8
15.4
8.8

4.9
7.2
4.6

45.1
40.6
53.7

51.4
44.7
54.7

19.4
25.9
14.4

16.7
28.9
12.3

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

24




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Occupation and industry

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

July 1987

Unemployed Unemployed
15 weeks
less than
and over
5 weeks
July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

OCCUPATION

698
1,589
1,250
788
1,760
258

265
772
608
318
731
148

215
503
357
210
495
69

92
160
108
121
239
13

125
154
178
140
294
26

16.2
10.9
14.1
16.3
16.4
10.8

8.2
5.3
5.3
7.7
7.3
4.4

40.7
44.4
43.8
41.5
39.0
45.0

37.9
48.6
48.6
40.3
41.6
57.3

25.1
22.5
23.5
30.9
31.6
24.8

31.2
19.7
22.9
33.1
30.3
16.0

Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration

197
595
1,278
783
496
346
1,558
1,946
223

123
236
478
285
193
150
787
906
82

48
168
374
220
154
91
416
634
60

13
84
212
141
71
47
180
159
29

12
105
214
138
76
57
175
248
52

8.4
15.6
17.4
18.6
15.6
17.0
11.7
12.8
19.4

4.0
7.7
8.6
9.0
8.0
6.4
5.0
5.8
7.8

43.4
42.1
35.9
34.3
38.2
43.7
45.2
45.3
36.0

62.8
40.0
37.4
36.3
39.0
43.4
50.5
46.6
36.7

19.8
26.0
33.3
35.1
30.8
29.1
24.5
22.1
36.1

12.9
31.7
33.4
35.6
29.9
30.2
22.8
20.8
36.2

No previous work experience

1,090

569

422

48

52

7.9

4.8

51.3

52.2

11.8

9.1

Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
INDUSTRY1

Includes wage and salary workers only.




25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
July 1987
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race
Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency
7.5
3.8
7.3
8.6
7.8

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

74.7
82.8
72.8
74.3
72.3
72.5
61.9

37.0
27.9
39.7
41.4
38.5
37.6
36.4

18.4
16.1
19.0
20.2
18.3
17.3
19.9

4.5
2.6
3.0
4.4
7.0
5.9
11.2

76.1
81.8
74.5
77.4
76.1
70.4
66.3

22.5
19.5
22.5
26.3
21.5
21.3
22.1

O

0

35.7
26.4
38.6
40.4
35.9
35.5
38.1

O

O

0

7.6
4.1
7.3

73.3
83.8
71.1
71.2
68.1
75.1
54.3

38.3
29.3
40.7
42.4
41.2
40.2
32.4

14.1
12.7
15.5
13.9
14.7
12.4
16.2

3.8
2.9
1.3
4.1
5.9
4.6
13.3

Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

7,453
1,513
1,493
2,043
1,271
697
363
72

6,435
1,449
1,318
1,748
1,035
542
286
57

21.7
15.2
20.8
23.0
25.7
27.3
26.6

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,963
776
776
1,067
685
390
225
45

3,318
727
648
889
540
301
181
33

23.3
17.7
20.7
24.0
28.3
28.9
30.9

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,490
737
717
977
586
308
138
27

3,117
723
671
859
495
241
105
24

20.0
12.6
20.9
22.0
22.8
25.3
19.0

0

O

0

White, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

5,378
2,906
2,472

4,573
2,399
2,173

20.7
22.8
18.4

7.8
8.0
7.5

74.4
75.8
72.9

39.1
37.8
40.5

Black, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

1,823
912
911

1,645
795
851

24.1
24.3
24.0

6.6
5.2
7.9

74.6
76.9
72.4

32.5
31.3
33.7

11.3
12.2

O

0

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

7.4
3.4
7.3
7.5
8.7

11.6
12.7

9.9

6.7
10.4
11.4

0

Average
number of
methods
used
1.64
1.48
1.63
1.72
1.69
1.72
1.68

0

O

5.2
2.2
4.6
4.7
8.1
7.0
9.9

1.70
1.51
1.68
1.80
1.79
1.75
1.80

O
1.57
1.46
1.57
1.63
1.59
1.68
1.47

O

0

18.1
21.8
14.1

5.0
5.7
4.1

1.65
1.72
1.57

19.1
24.5
14.0

3.5
3.8
3.2

1.60
1.66
1.55

0

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

A-20. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
July 1987
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Thousands of persons
Sex and reason

Employer
directly

Friends
or
relatives

Other

7.5
8.3
10.5
6.3
4.5

74.7
77.1
73.6
69.2
79.4

37.0
38.6
42.9
37.4
26.5

18.4
20.4
18.9
16.1
17.0

4.5
3.8
5.6
6.4
2.1

1.64
1.75
1.71
1.55
1.45

23.3
27.2
20.6
19.8
17.3

7.4
8.2
8.8
5.6
4.9

76.1
77.9
73.3
70.6
79.6

35.7
38.0
42.7
30.1
26.9

22.5
23.6
21.9
21.3
21.0

5.2
4.5
5.7
10.0
1.0

1.70
1.79
1.73
1.57
1.51

20.0
26.1
18.4
19.4
13.7

7.6
8.5
12.1
6.5
4.2

73.3
75.4
73.8
68.5
79.1

38.3
39.6
43.0
41.4
26.0

14.1
13.8
16.1
13.4
13.7

3.8
2.5
5.4
4.5
2.9

1.57
1.66
1.69
1.54
1.39

Private
employment
agency

6,435
2,538
1,077
1,750
1,068

21.7
26.8
19.4
19.4
15.4

3,963
2,258
525
680
500

3,318
1,701
524
602
491

3,490
1,127
542
1,231
590

3,117
838
553
1,149
578

Total
jobseekers

Total, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

7,453
3,385
1,068
1,911
1,089

Men 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

1
Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

26




Average
number of
methods
used

Placed
or
answered
ads

Public
employment
agency

Total
unemployed

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Women

Men

Total
Industry and age

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

All industries ....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ....
18 to 19 years ....
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years ....
35 to 44 years ....
45 to 54 years ....
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years ....
60 to 64 years ....
65 years and over

111,832
8,197
3,576
4,621
14,502
74,743
32,152
25,721
16,871
11,407
6,890
4,517
2,983

114,652
8,383
3,737
4,646
14,226
77,607
33,224
26,997
17,386
11,327
6,915
4,412
3,109

62,568
4,342
1,917
2,425

63,814
4,356
1,990

49,263
3,855

50,839
4,027
1,747

42,061
18,151
14,325

2,365
7,563
43,363

2,196
6,756
32,683
14,001

Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ....
18 to 19 years ....
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over .

3,655
426
241
185
461
1,967
846
608
513
484
258
226
317

3,754
448
264
184
441
1,993
889
619
485
535
292
243
336

2,858
361
196
165
366
1,478
665
423
390
376
194
182
277

108,176
7,771
3,335
4,436
14,041
72,776
31,305
25,113
16,358
10,923
6,632
4,291
2,666

110,898
7,934
3,473
4,462
13,785
75,613
32,335
26,377
16,900
10,792
6,624
4,169
2,773

59,710
3,980
1,721
2,260
7,380
40,583
17,485
13,902

Nonagricultural industries.
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over




7,746

9,585
6,645
3,981
2,664
1,775

18,690
14,923

9,751
6,659
4,053
2,607

1,659

11,396
7,286
4,761

2,909

2,280

6,663
34,243
14,534
12,074
7,634
4,668
2,863

1,853
1,208

1,805

2,915
359
211
148
362
1,502
693
467
342
414
222
191
279

797
64
45
20
95
489

839
90
54
36

60,899
3,997
1,780
2,217
7,201
41,863
17,997
14,456

48,466
3,791
1,614
2,177
6,660
32,193
13,820
11,211

9,195
6,269
3,787

9,409
6,245
3,830

7,163
4,654
2,845

2,482
1,498

2,415

1,809
1,167

1,872

1,593

181
185
123

108
64
44
40

1,237

79

493
196
153
143
121

69
52
57
49,999
3,937
1,693
2,244
6,584
33,750

14,338
11,922
7,491
4,547

2,794
1,753
1,181

27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Total

Occupation

16 years
and over
July
1986

Total

Women

Men

July
1987

16 years
and over
July
1986

July
1987

20 years
and over
July
1986

July
1987

16 years
and over
July
1986

20 years
and over

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

111,832 114,652 62,568 63,814 58,227 59,458 49,263 50,839 45,408 46,811

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration .
Other executive, administrative, and managerial ...
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations

26,032 27,692 14,901 15,529 14,806 15,379 11,131 12,163 10,955 12,002
12,609 13,696 7,985 8,563 7,952 8,506 4,624 5,132 4,554 5,083
224
574
294
520
226
216
216
358
294
356
8,670 9,452 5,845 6,274 5,813 6,222 2,826 3,178 2,769 3,141
3,419 3,669 1,847 1,931 1,845 1,928 1,572 1,738 1,560 1,725
13,423 13,997 6,916 6,966 6,854 6,873 6,507 7,031 6,402 6,919
81
81
119
118
1,789 1,744 1,708 1,625 1,700 1,622
648
254
446
701
255
218
217
430
443
428
413
419
311
112
108
112
301
311
299
108
807
743
626
675
118
131
118
131
675
626
282
2,091 2,148
1,803
273
280
273
1,809
1,876
1,876
511
479
302
303
326
152
209
148
326
209
814
3,047
2,980
752
792
728 2,166 2,295 2,144 2,260
719
534
668
134
574
573
134
145
532
143

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science.
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services.
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

34,893 35,308 12,266 12,488 11,592 11,760 22,627 22,820 20,747 20,813
3,548 3,525
1,851 1,804 1,805 1,765 1,698 1,721 1,665 1,693
1,212
1,158
182
976 1,030
966 1,021
182
178
182
1,194
1,230
974
954
257
221
245
973
213
952
1,119
1,160
695
453
649
633
465
470
459
671
13,535 13,602 6,892 7,002 6,488 6,605 6,643 6,599 5,594 5,510
3,528 3,582 2,422
1,092 1,137
2,433 2,397 2,413 1,106
1,149
2,412
2,300
1,413
1,269
1,032
937
1,426
986 1,000
1,253
1,534
1,581
284
1,278 1,252 1,265 1,244
303
275
283
6,012
6,064
1,512 4,168 4,144 3,188 3,127
1,896
1,868 1,549
61
61
34
22
28
30
35
23
24
38
3,523 3,681
3,299 3,390 14,287 14,500 13,489 13,610
17,809 18,181
437
309
308
323
689
762
440
380
378
323
582
366
626
604
585
353
969
243
256
882
103
4,611
4,576
89 4,832 4,871
83
4,974
4,914
68
234
2,166
226 2,264 2,213 2,211
210
2,447
2,474
200
641
285
319
603
974
305
332
564
586
891
7,887 8,128 2,066 2,028 1,901 1,811 5,821 6,100 5,363 5,586

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective.
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

14,980 15,330
1,041 1,004
1,942 1,972
11,998 12,354
5,278 5,209
1,905
1,847
2,994
2,816
2,246
2,057

4,942
26
1,595
3,321
1,268
161
1,536
355

9,142
993
284
7,864
3,303
1,658
1,230
1,673

9,305
961
305
8,040
3,251
1,734
1,264
1,790

7,695
732
221
6,743
2,524
1,581
1,144
1,494

7,842
693
249
6,899
2,484
1,657
1,166
1,592

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair.

13,843 13,892 12,674 12,697 12,182 12,285
4,506 4,478 4,358 4,334 4,202 4,221
5,162 5,251 5,043 5,126 4,777 4,893
4,175 4,163 3,272 3,237 3,204 3,170

1,169
148
119
902

1,195
144
125
926

1,124
144
109
870

1,165
143
119
903

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,904 18,102 13,411 13,477 12,021 12,074
4,651
8,289 4,864 4,852
8,197
4,664
4,004 3,957 3,862 3,807
6,820 6,912
2,476
2,552
3,694 3,770 2,551
2,482
1,453 1,405 1,380 1,331
3,142
3,126
860
844
1,377
1,377
895
802
4,336 4,418 4,157 4,250
4,766
4,708
3,029
3,397 3,465 3,072
3,167
2,928
1,263 1,251 1,229 1,221
1,301
1,310
5,047 4,211
4,999
4,208
3,200 3,173
946
867
930
663
832
760
4,180
4,052
3,281
2,510
3,376 2,441

4,493
3,333
2,816
1,143
1,673
517
372
325
47
788
16
772

4,625
3,438
2,955
1,218
1,738
482
348
298
51
839
35
804

4,273
3,213
2,725
1,119
1,606
489
365
320
46
694
16
678

4,357
3,295
2,839
1,171
1,668
456
329
280
49
733
30
702

702
189
513

730
229
501

614
186
427

632
224
408

Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations .

28




3,552

4,181
1,380
2,801

3,960

4,328
1,385
2,943

1,868

5,838
47
1,657
4,133
1,975
189
1,586
384

3,479
1,191
2,287

2,034

6,025
44
1,667
4,314
1,958

171
1,729
456

3,598
1,156
2,442

1,842

4,693
28
1,572
3,093
1,243
177
1,365
308

2,932
1,179
1,754

1,973

3,019
1,151
1,868

1,684

1,926

1,612

1,854

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Total
Occupation and race

Women

Men

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

111,832
100.0

114,652
100.0

62,568
100.0

63,814
100.0

49,263
100.0

50,839
100.0

23.3
11.3
12.0

23.8
12.8
11.1
19.6
3.0
11.0
5.6
9.3

24.3
13.4

22.6
9.4

23.9
10.1
13.8

12.4
16.0
7.3
4.2
4.5
3.7

24.2
11.9
12.2
30.8
3.1
11.9
15.9
13.4
.9
1.7
10.8
12.1
15.8
7.2
4.2
4.4
3.8

97,559
100.0
24.3
11.9
12.4
31.7
3.2
12.7
15.8
12.2
.8
1.7
9.8
12.8
15.0

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

31.2
3.2
12.1
15.9
13.4

.9
1.7
10.7

10.9
19.6
2.8

13.2

45.9
3.4
13.5
29.0
18.6
2.0
.6

44.9
3.4
13.0

6.9
6.7
5.6

19.9
21.1
7.6
6.9
6.6
5.6

16.0
2.4
9.1
6.8
.8
1.6
1.4

15.8
2.4
9.1
6.8
.7
1.7
1.4

99,609
100.0

55,200
100.0

56,089
100.0

42,359
100.0

43,521
100.0

25.1

24.9

12.6

13.5
11.3
20.0
3.0
11.7
5.3
8.3
.1
2.5
5.7
20.9
20.2
7.5

25.4
14.2

23.5
9.8
13.7
47.0
3.5

24.9
10.6

.1
2.6
6.6
20.3
21.4
7.8

11.0
5.8
9.4
.1
2.6
6.8

28.5
18.3

1.9
.6

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
!
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

6.9

12.5
31.2
3.0
12.5
15.7

12.2
.7
1.6

9.9
12.6

14.9

11.2
19.9
2.8
11.6
5.4
8.5
.1
2.4
6.0
20.5
20.0
7.3

6.1
5.8

6.5
6.1
5.8

14.1
29.4
17.4
1.8
.6
15.1
2.3
8.3
6.1
.8
1.5
1.5

14.3

45.9
3.3
13.5

29.0
17.0
1.6
.5

14.9
2.3
8.4
6.1
.7
1.6
1.6

3.9

6.8
4.0
4.2
4.0

11,074
100.0

11,645
100.0

5,622
100.0

5,884
100.0

5,452
100.0

5,761
100.0

13.8
5.7
8.1
27.3
2.6
7.2
17.5
22.4
2.1
2.5

14.9
6.6
8.3
27.0
2.9
6.9

12.5
5.7
6.8

13.3

15.1
5.7
9.4
39.4
3.0
9.3
27.1
27.3
4.2
.6

16.5
6.5

4.1
4.1

6.7

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing




17.7
9.2
24.9
11.0
5.7
8.2
2.4

17.3
22.8
2.1
2.9
17.8
9.2

23.6
10.5
6.2
6.8
2.5

5.1
8.3
17.6

6.7
6.6
15.5
2.1
4.8
8.6
17.6

.1
4.3
13.1
15.4
34.8
10.7
10.5
13.7
4.0

.1
4.7
12.9
16.1
33.2
10.3
11.4
11.4
4.3

15.6
2.2

22.5
2.8
14.6
11.4
.8
2.5
.7

10.0
38.7
3.6

9.0
26.1
28.2
4.1

1.2
22.8
2.2
13.8
10.7

.9
2.2
.6

29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
July 1987
Agriculture

Nonagricultural industries
Age and sex

Wage and salary workers

Total

Private
household Government
workers

Other

16,355

84,643

571
265
306

6,853

4,389
13,413
30,326
23,853
15,233
9,524
5,887
3,638
2,192

1,353
384
276
108
139
193
178
170
163
103
61
125

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

55,354
3,932
1,746
2,186
6,953
16,712
12,888
8,313
5,372
3,311
2,061
1,184

252
109
84
25
45
31
16
11
21
11
10
18

8,001

371
210

1,679

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

46,996
3,876
1,673
2,203
6,461
13,614
10,964
6,920
4,152
2,576
1,577
1,008

1,101
275
192
83

8,353
281
125

37,542
3,321
1,356
1,964
5,691
11,269
8,284
5,149
3,101
1,905
1,197
727

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years*.
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

30




102,350
7,808

3,419

94
163
162
159
142

92
50
107

1,189
4,199
4,839
3,252
1,920
1,219
701
384

2,879
3,975
12,085

25,934
18,835
11,811
7,441
4,565

2,876
1,683

Selfemployed
workers

8,279
104
42
62
343
1,954
2,477

1,606
1,233
717

516
562

140
150

47,101
3,533
1,522
2,010

512
2,016

6,395
14,665

5,489
52
25
26
232
1,284

2,321
1,640

10,551

1,561

6,662
4,340
2,661

1,089
872
518
354
400

290

1,011
640

156
676
2,183
2,518
1,613

909
579
330
174

955

2,789
52
17
35
112

671
916
516

361
199
162
162

Unpaid
family
workers

Wage and
salary
workers

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

269
22
11
11
28
55
48
62
35
20
15
20

1,967

1,572
66
45
21

215
45
28
17
15
39
16
25
36
20
16
38

55
13
8
5

1,536
275
161
113
288
454
233

1,298
55
35
20

129

212
311
159
152
201

16
1
6
7
1

1
9
214

9
3
6
11
54
41
54
34
19
15
10

338
192
146
357
573
320
187
124
75

49
69

98

61
37
60
432
63
31
32
69
119
87
58
27
14
13

69
277
283
273
375
197
178

229

61
224
233

82

29
15
14

13
15
1
1
5
2
3
18

274
11

133

10

13
3
3
24
15
25
31
18
13
20

1
7
53
50
60
64
38
26
28

16

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
July 1987
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries ..
Professional services...
Public administration

Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

Total
Executive,
TechniemAdminisadminiscians
ployed
Profestrative
Private
trative,
Other
and
Sales support, housesional
1
and
related
including hold service
specialty
manasupport
clerical
gerial

3,754
857
8,075
21,300
12,639
8,662

51
122
987
2,438
1,458
979

47
102
134
1,675
1,171
503

8,065
23,719
4,686
19,033

933
1,952
557
1,395

7,843
35,582
1,355
34,227
22,010
5,457

1,880
4,200
5
4,194
2,372
1,133

29
20
63
734
524
210

Precision
Farming,
Machine
producoperHandlers, forestry,
tion,
Transporators,
equipment
and
craft,
assem- tation
cleaners, fishing
and
and
blers,
helpers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
inspeclaborers
tors

17
21
79
676
281
395

100
97
488
2,471
1,411
1,060

22
8
37
351
198
153

31
265
4,525
3,952
2,776
1,176

10
20
92
6,912
3,770
3,142

48
146
619
780
398
382

26
51
1,015
1,233
581
652

3,374
5
35
79
69
10

453
445
86
359

256
327
96 9,765
36 1,747
60 8,018

2,216
2,412
887
1,525

272
4,374
32
4,343

1,260
1,598
346
1,253

128
299
141
158

1,725
936
491
445

476
1,793
352
1,441

19
47
12
35

167
10,238
11
10,227
8,890
736

154 1,871
1,942
809
6
2
1,935
808
1,613
108
231
35

3,172
5,741
5
5,736
4,012
1,484

302
7,660
116
7,545
3,997
1,298

156
1,825
8
1,817
422
279

19
763
1
763
161
45

10
438
9
430
205
64

24
371
22
349
100
58

87
589
166
424
130
93

1,004
1,004

Includes protective service, not shown separately.

A-26. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers1

Total
Reason not working and sex
July
1986

July
1987

Paid absences
July
1986

July
1987

Unpaid absences

July
1986

July
1987

July
1986

July
1987

6,381
5,701
444

4,114
2,763
670

3,839
2,549
650

12,541
10,136
1,186
43
42
1,135

11,125
8,802
1,237
31
42
1,013

12,412
10,077
1,163
34
42
1,097

10,956
8,720
1,196
15
42
983

7,533
6,861
403
270

236

681

Men 16 vears and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

5,591
4,431
644
516

4,846
3,712
693
442

5,495
4,388
623
484

4,725
3,652
661
412

3,756
3,453
189
114

3,075
2,715
265
96

1,321
726
371
224

1,271
702
344
226

Women 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3
..

6,950
5,704
542
703

6,279
5,091
545
644

6,916
5,688
540
688

6,230
5,069
534
627

3,778
3,408
214
156

3,306
2,986
180
140

2,793
2,037
299
457

2,567
1,847
306
414

Total 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness . .
Bad weather
.
Industrial disDute
All other reasons

. .

Excludes private household workers.
Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
2




0

O

640

3

Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27.

Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
July 1987

All
industries
Total, 16 years and over

Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Hours of work

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

All
industries

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

103,527

3,585

99,942

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours

22,832
666
3,357
11,533
7,276

1,006
57
232
481
236

21,826
608
3,125
11,052
7,041

22.1
.6
3.2
11.1
7.0

28.1
1.6
6.5
13.4
6.6

21.8
.6
3.1
11.1
7.0

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

80,695
7,014
42,866
30,815
10,986
11,134
8,695

2,579
191
699
1,689
215
490
984

78,116
6,823
42,167
29,126
10,771
10,644
7,711

77.9
6.8
41.4
29.8
10.6
10.8
8.4

71.9
5.3
19.5
47.1
6.0
13.7
27.4

78.2
6.8
42.2
29.1
10.8
10.7
7.7

39.9
43.9

45.1
53.6

39.7
43.6

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules

A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1987
Nonagricultural industries

All industries
Reason for working less than 35 hours
Total
Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons

32




Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

Total

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

22,832

6,636

16,196

21,826

6,388

15,438

6,219
2,387
82
231
67
3,452

1,848
1,469
82
231
67

4,371
918

5,848
2,203
82
220
54
3,290

1,734
1,380
82
220
54

4,114
823

16,613
9,478
2,069
1,172
166
8
47
1,577
2,096

4,787

4,655

1,468

1,577
628

15,979
9,084
2,043
1,150
127
8
47
1,544
1,974

1,406

1,544
568

22.2
22.0

24.9
25.8

21.1
20.5

22.3
22.2

24.9
25.8

21.2
20.7

2,005
5,271

883
2,439

1,122
2,832

1,894
5,147

831
2,397

1,063
2,750

3,452

2,069
1,029
166
8
47

11,826
9,478
143

3,290

2,043
1,021
127
8
47

11,324
9,084
129

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1987

Industry

Total, 16 years and over

Total
at
work

On part
time
for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours 41 to 48
or less
hours

49 hours
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

99,942

5,848

11,324

82,770

53,644

10,771

18,355

39.7

43.6

92,054

5,266

9,975

76,813

51,129

10,132

15,552

39.6

43.2

752

25

12

715

384

91

240

46.4

47.7

6,270

467

234

5,569

3,650

702

1,217

41.1

43.4

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

19,215

485
200
285

525
235
290

18,205

11,368
7,847

11,841
7,066
4,775

2,840
1,718
1,122

3,524
2,149
1,375

42.1
42.4
41.6

43.1
43.1
43.2

Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

6,944
20,408
6,692

219
2,032
133

313
3,679
614

6,412
14,697
5,945

4,159
8,896
4,175

850
2,243
712

1,403
3,558
1,058

42.3
37.8
39.9

44.0
43.9
42.2

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

26,708
1,290
25,418
5,065

1,814
287
1,527
87

4,386
513
3,873
212

20,508
490
20,018
4,766

14,417
354
14,063
3,610

2,202
42
2,160
492

3,889
94
3,795
664

37.6
25.4
38.2
40.9

42.6
43.9
42.6
42.1

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

7,620
269

567
16

1,249
101

5,804
152

2,439
75

616
23

2,749
54

42.0
37.4

49.2
47.9

Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction




10,933
7,272

33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural Industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1987
Sex, age, race, and marital status

Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours
or less

41 hours
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years'
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

99,942
7,595
3,314
4,281
92,347
13,079
79,268
52,752
24,060
2,456

5,848
1,551
761
790
4,298
1,062
3,236
2,239
918
79

11,324
2,414
1,479
934
8,911
1,372
7,538
4,052
2,314
1,173

82,770
3,630
1,074
2,557
79,138
10,645
68,494
46,461
20,828
1,204

53,644
2,836
868
1,968
50,806
7,419
43,388
29,011
13,556
821

29,126
794
206
589
28,332
3,226
25,106
17,450
7,272
383

39.7
30.5
26.5
33.5
40.5
38.9
40.8
41.3
40.7
29.9

43.6
40.8
40.0
41.1
43.7
42.6
43.9
44.0
43.7
43.0

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

56,174
3,834
1,700
2,134
52,340
6,893
45,447
30,017
14,002
1,428

2,701
741
380
360
1,960
529
1,432
1,017
378
37

3,196
1,100
696
404
2,097
468
1,629
575
449
605

50,277
1,993
624
1,370
48,283
5,896
42,386
28,425
13,175
786

29,279
1,527
497
1,031
27,751
3,743
24,009
15,738
7,759
512

20,998
466
127
339
20,532
2,153
18,377
12,687
5,416
274

42.5
31.7
27.9
34.7
43.3
40.8
43.7
44.3
43.7
32.0

45.0
41.2
40.3
41.6
45.1
43.8
45.3
45.5
45.0
43.0

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

43,769
3,761
1,613
2,148
40,008
6,186
33,821
22,735
10,060
1,028

3,148
810
380
429
2,337
533
1,804
1,221
540
43

8,128
1,314
783
531
6,814
904
5,911
3,477
1,866
568

32,493
1,637
450
1,188
30,857
4,749
26,106
18,037
7,654
417

24,366
1,309
372
938
23,057
3,676
19,378
13,274
5,799
309

8,127
328
78
250
7,800
1,073
6,728
4,763
1,855
108

36.2
29.2
25.1
32.3
36.8
36.8
36.8
37.4
36.5
27.1

41.4
40.4
39.7
40.7
41.5
41.1
41.6
41.6
41.5
42.8

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

86,642
49,267
37,376

4,770
2,205
2,565

10,186
2,809
7,377

71,686
44,253
27,434

45,169
24,953
20,215

26,517
19,300
7,219

39.9
42.8
36.1

43.8
45.2
41.6

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

10,255
5,239
5,016

913
418
496

859
296
563

8,483
4,525
3,957

6,669
3,344
3,322

1,814
1,181
635

38.2
39.9
36.4

41.6
42.7
40.4

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

35,264
5,379
15,530

942
229
1,531

1,126
200
1,870

33,196
4,950
12,129

18,335
2,839
8,103

14,861
2,111
4,026

44.1
43.4
38.7

45.5
45.3
43.3

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

22,880
8,397
12,492

1,165
576
1,407

4,880
1,016
2,232

16,835
6,805
8,853

12,849
4,842
6,675

3,986
1,963
2,178

35.8
37.9
35.7

41.2
41.9
41.6

RACE

MARITAL STATUS

34




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
July 1987
Average
hours,
Average
workers
hours,
on full49
total
41 to 48
time
hours
at work
hours
schedor more
ules

On full-time schedules
Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
' Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.




Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part
time

Total

40
hours
or less

99,389

5,745

11,239

82,405

53,318

10,778

18,309

39.8

43.6

23,508
12,622
10,886
32,535
3,278
12,675
16,582
14,034
950
1,808
11,277
12,772
16,541
7,527
4,315
4,698

474
161
313
1,498
50
882
567
1,873
185
59
1,629
663
1,236
325
277
635

1,875
541
1,334
4,758
341
2,068
2,349
3,168
389
102
2,677
402
1,037
260
235
542

21,159
11,920
9,239
26,278
2,887
9,725
13,666
8,993
376
1,647
6,971
11,707
14,268
6,943
3,803
3,522

11,972
6,310
5,662
18,165
2,049
5,195
10,922
6,577
274
1,027
5,276
7,233
9,371
4,985
1,936
2,450

2,583
1,481
1,102
3,254
380
1,307
1,567
949
33
225
691
1,837
2,155
1,039
565
550

6,604
4,129
2,475
4,859
459
3,223
1,177
1,467
68
395
1,004
2,637
2,742
918
1,303
521

42.6
44.5
40.4
38.6
40.1
40.1
37.1
34.7
26.3
42.9
34.1
42.3
40.6
40.7
44.0
37.3

45.1
45.8
44.1
42.6
42.3
45.6
40.6
42.6
43.4
44.9
42.0
44.1
43.4
42.1
46.9
42.2

55,525

2,596

3,083

49,846

28,911

6,925

14,011

42.7

45.0

13,985
7,928
6,057
11,713
1,702
6,599
3,412
5,659
44
1,543
4,072
11,722
12,446
4,451
4,058
3,938

221
97
125
309
19
185
105
600
10
46
545
581
885
132
240
513

531
219
312
781
47
475
259
801
15
72
714
276
695
103
172
421

13,233
7,613
5,620
10,623
1,635
5,940
3,049
4,258
19
1,426
2,814
10,866
10,866
4,215
3,646
3,005

6,677
3,595
3,083
5,859
1,100
2,615
2,144
2,956
15
870
2,070
6,618
6,800
2,859
1,845
2,096

1,557
914
644
1,497
213
826
458
500
4
201
296
1,736
1,634
642
534
458

4,998
3,105
1,894
3,266
321
2,498
447
802
355
447
2,512
2,432
714
1,267
451

45.1
46.1
43.8
43.2
42.5
45.0
40.1
38.1
(2)
43.5
36.2
42.7
41.4
41.9
44.6
37.6

46.5
47.1
45.7
45.3
43.3
47.5
42.1
43.5
(2)
45.2
42.6
44.3
44.1
43.0
47.0
42.3

43,864

3,149

8,156

32,559

24,407

3,853

4,298

36.2

41.4

9,523
4,693
4,829
20,821
1,576
6,076
13,169
8,375
906
264
7,205
1,050
4,095
3,077
258
760

253
64
189
1,189
30
697
462
1,273
175
13
1,084
82
351
192
37
122

1,344
323
1,021
3,978
294
1,593
2,090
2,367
374
30
1,963
126
341
157
63
121

7,926
4,307
3,619
15,655
1,252
3,785
10,617
4,735
356
221
4,157
841
3,402
2,727
158
517

5,294
2,715
2,579
12,306
948
2,579
8,778
3,622
259
157
3,206
615
2,571
2,127
90
354

1,025
567
458
1,757
166
481
1,109
449
29
24
395
101
521
397
31
93

1,606
1,024
582
1,593
137
725
731
665
68
40
556
125
310
204
36
71

38.9
41.7
36.1
36.0
37.4
34.7
36.4
32.4
26.3
39.5
32.9
37.8
38.0
38.8
34.2
35.8

42.7
43.6
41.6
40.8
41.0
42.6
40.1
41.8
43.6
43.1
41.5
41.7
41.0
40.8
43.1
41.7

?

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1986

1987

Employment status and sex
July

Aug.

182,354
119,789
65.7
111,559
61.2
1,672
109,887
3,124
106,763
8,230
6.9
62,565

182,525
119,821
65.6
111,764
61.2
1,697
110,067
3,057
107,010
8,057
6.7
62,704

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

182,713 182,935 183,114 183,297 183,575 183,738 183,915 184,079 184,259 184,421 184,605

119,988 120,163 120,426
65.8
65.7
65.7
111,703 111,941 112,183
61.3
61.2
61.1
1,749 1,751
1,716
109,987 110,192 110,432
3,162 3,215
3,142
106,845 107,030 107,217
8,285 8,222 8,243
6.8
6.8
6.9
62,725 62,772 62,688

120,336 120,782 121,089
65.9
65.7
65.8
112,387 112,759 113,122
61.6
61.4
61.3
1,750 1,748 1,740
110,637 111,011 111,382
3,145 3,236
3,161
107,476 107,866 108,146
7,949 8,023 7,967
6.6
6.6
6.6
62,961 62,793 62,649

120,958
65.8
113,104
61.5
1,736
111,368
3,284
108,084
7,854
6.5
62,957

121,070
65.8
113,570
61.7
1,735
111,835
3,290
108,545
7,500
6.2
63,009

121,719 121,235 121,672
65.9
65.7
66.1
114,173 113,975 114,447
62.0
61.8
62.0
1,726 1,718 1,720
112,447 112,257 112,727
3,335 3,178 3,219
109,112 109,079 109,508
7,546 7,260 7,224
5.9
6.0
6.2
62,540 63,187 62,933

Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

87,373 87,460 87,556 87,682 87,773 87,868 88,020 88,099 88,186 88,271 88,361
66,968 66,911 67,128 67,130 67,407 67,425 67,672 67,764 67,644 67,603 67,816
76.7
76.8
76.6
76.7
76.9
76.5
76.6
76.6
76.7
76.9
76.7
62,402 62,483 62,528 62,565 62,833 62,986 63,187 63,335 63,282 63,417 63,562
71.4
71.7
71.6
71.4
71.4
71.8
71.4
71.9
71.8
71.8
71.9
1,518 1,541 1,560 1,590 1,592 1,593 1,591 1,584 1,575 1,575 1,566
60,884 60,942 60,968 60,975 61,241 61,393 61,596 61,751 61,707 61,842 61,996
4,566 4,428 4,600 4,565 4,574 4,439 4,484 4,429 4,362 4,186
4,254
6.6
6.6
6.8
6.8
6.9
6.6
6.2
6.4
6.5
6.8
6.3
20,405 20,549 20,428 20,552 20,366 20,443 20,348 20,335 20,542 20,668 20,545

88,442 88,534
67,556 67,656
76.4
76.4
63,471 63,715
71.8

72.0

1,559 1,561
61,912 62,154
4,085 3,941
5.8
6.0
20,886 20,878

Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

94,981 95,065
52,821 52,910
55.7
55.6
49,157 49,281
51.8
51.8
156
154
49,003 49,125
3,664 3,629
6.9
6.9
42,160 42,155

95,156 95,253 95,341
52,860 53,033 53,019
55.7
55.6
55.6
49,175 49,376 49,350
51.8
51.8
51.7
159
159
156
49,019 49,217 49,191
3,685 3,657 3,669
6.9
6.9
7.0
42,296 42,220 42,322

Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
1
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident

36




95,429 95,556 95,639 95,729
52,911 53,110 53,325 53,314
55.4
55.7
55.6
55.8
49,401 49,572 49,787 49,822
52.0
52.1
51.9
51.8
157
157
161
156
49,244 49,415 49,631 49,661
3,538 3,538 3,492
3,510
6.7
6.6
6.6
6.6
42,518 42,446 42,314 42,415

95,808 95,898 95,979 96,071
53,467 53,903 53,679 54,016
56.2
55.9
55.8
56.2
50,153 50,611 50,504 50,733
52.6
52.8
52.3
52.8
159
159
160
160

49,993 50,451 50,345 50,574
3,314 3,292 3,175 3,283
6.1
5.9
6.2
6.1
42,341 41,995 42,300 42,055

Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1986
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

1987
Nov.

Dec,

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

180,682 180,828 180,997 181,186 181,363 181,547 181,827 181,998 182,179 182,344 182,533 182,703 182,885
118,117 118,124 118,272 118,414 118,675 118,586 119,034 119,349 119,222 119,335 119,993 119,517 119,952
65.6
65.4
65.4
65.5
65.4
65.4
65.3
65.7
65.4
65.6
65.3
65.3
65.4
109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382 111,368 111,835 112,447 112,257 112,727
61.6
61.4
61.3
61.1
60.9
60.8
60.8
61.6
61.1
60.9
60.9
60.8
61.2
8,230 8,057 8,285 8,222 8,243 7,949 8,023 7,967 7,854 7,500 7,546 7,260 7,224
6.0
6.1
6.3
6.7
6.9
6.9
7.0
6.3
6.6
6.7
6.8
7.0
6.7

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

78,586
61,355
78.1
57,544
73.2
2,275
55,269
3,811
6.2
17,231

78,634
61,219
77.9
57,585
73.2
2,185
55,400
3,634
5.9
17,415

78,722
61,412
78.0
57,607
73.2
2,286
55,321
3,805
6.2
17,310

78,802
61,409
77.9
57,595
73.1
2,297
55,298
3,814
6.2
17,393

78,874
61,703
78.2
57,883
73.4
2,303
55,580
3,820
6.2
17,171

78,973
61,826
78.3
58,101
73.6
2,289
55,812
3,725
6.0
17,147

79,132
61,948
78.3
58,227
73.6
2,254
55,974
3,720
6.0
17,184

79,216
61,973
78.2
58,325
73.6
2,300
56,024
3,648
5.9
17,243

79,303
61,983
78.2
58,410
73.7
2,411
55,999
3,573
5.8
17,320

79,387
61,976
78.1
58,567
73.8
2,411
56,155
3,409
5.5
17,411

79,474
62,156
78.2
58,721
73.9
2,441
56,280
3,436
5.5
17,318

79,536
62,057
78.0
58,620
73.7
2,307
56,313
3,437
5.5
17,479

79,625
62,116
78.0
58,793
73.8
2,343
56,450
3,323
5.4
17,509

87,629
48,879
55.8
45,869
52.3
607
45,262
3,010
6.2
38,750

87,689
48,950
55.8
45,956
52.4
622
45,334
2,994
6.1
38,739

87,779
48,920
55.7
45,905
52.3
614
45,291
3,015
6.2
38,859

87,856
49,014
55.8
46,020
52.4
612
45,408
2,994
6.1
38,842

87,933
49,043
55.8
46,067
52.4
675
45,392
2,976
6.1
38,890

88,016
48,923
55.6
46,058
52.3
621
45,437
2,865
5.9
39,093

88,150
49,161
55.8
46,261
52.5
626
45,633
2,900
5.9
38,989

88,237
49,348
55.9
46,475
52.7
641
45,835
2,873
5.8
38,889

88,321
49,355
55.9
46,498
52.6
589
45,909
2,857
5.8
38,966

88,395
49,466
56.0
46,751
52.9
587
46,164
2,715
5.5
38,929

88,464
49,774
56.3
47,094
53.2
634
46,460
2,680
5.4
38,690

88,546
49,714
56.1
47,126
53.2
615
46,512
2,588
5.2
38,832

88,632
49,971
56.4
47,288
53.4
619
46,669
2,683
5.4
38,661

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14,467 14,505 14,496 14,527 14,557 14,558 14,545 14,546 14,555 14,562 14,595 14,621 14,628
8,028 7,884 7,894 8,063 7,746
7,883 7,955
7,865
7,929 7,837 7,926
7,991
7,940
54.2
54.2
53.0
55.2
54.5
53.8
54.8
53.8
55.2
54.8
54.5
54.5
55.0
6,633 6,511
6,526
6,647
6,582 6,460 6,518
6,475
6,474
6,482 6,478 6,524
6,577
44.8
44.4
44.5
45.4
44.9
44.5
45.0
45.4
45.2
44.7
44.8
44.5
45.3
292
284
257
261
264
251
250
258
295
242
242
237
253
6,226
6,254
6,372
6,227 6,260
6,276 6,233 6,324
6,389
6,287 6,176
6,232
6,245
1,376
1,424
1,235
1,430
1,402
1,359
1,429
1,218
1,446
1,465
1,409
1,447
1,414
17.4
18.1
15.9
17.7
17.7
18.0
15.5
18.0
17.3
18.5
17.9
18.2
17.7
6,668
6,671
6,875
6,532
6,619
6,763
6,518
6,584 6,550 6,556 6,536 6,628 6,721

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional




population.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1986
July

Aug.

Sept.

1987

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

155,502 155,604 155,723 155,856 155,979 156,111 156,313 156,431 156,561 156,676 156,811 156,930 157,058
102,015 102,122 102,158 102,297 102,455 102,503 102,746 102,893 102,797 102,894 103,573 103,106 103,272
65.7
65.8
65.7
66.1
65.7
65.7
65.7
65.7
65.6
65.6
65.8
65.6
65.6
95,861 96,177 96,000 96,147 96,281 96,533 96,717 96,995 96,998 97,340 98,050 97,716 97,958
62.4
61.7
61.7
61.6
62.3
62.1
62.0
61.9
61.8
61.8
61.6
62.5
62.0
5,314
6,174
6,158
5,390
5,554 5,524
5,799
5,970
6,150
6,154
5,898
6,029
5,945
6.0
5.1
5.4
5.8
6.0
6.0
5.2
5.3
5.6
5.7
5.9
5.8
6.0

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

53,639 53,583 53,727 53,757 54,015 54,172 54,182 54,175 54,107 54,051 54,314 54,213 54,214
78.7
78.4
78.4
78.8
78.3
78.4
78.3
78.4
78.6
78.3
78.6
78.7
78.2
50,731 50,877 50,845 50,845 51,089 51,286 51,297 51,362 51,364 51,462 51,755 51,581 51,682
74.4
74.1
74.2
74.6
74.6
74.5
74J5
74.6
74.3
74.1
74.7
74.9
74.5
2,926
2,886 2,885 2,813
2,908 2,706 2,882 2,912
2,589 2,558 2,632 2,532
2,743
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.3
5.3
5.1
4.7
4.9
4.7
4.8
5.1
5.2

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

41,584 41,640 41,547 41,598 41,540 41,514 41,680 41,762 41,828 41,982 42,239 42,159 42,280
55.1
55.2
55.2
55.2
55.0
55.4
55.7
55.8
55.5
55.3
55.2
55.3
55.6
39,368 39,466 39,365 39,431 39,399 39,456 39,568 39,735 39,839 40,041 40,343 40,318 40,379
52.3
52.3
52.7
52.4
52.3
52.3
52.5
53.2
53.2
52.9
52.6
52.4
53.2
2,141
2,182
2,058 2,111
2,167
1,841
1,941
1,989
2,028
2,216 2,174
1,902
1,895
5.2
5.0
5.2
5.3
5.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
4.9
5.3
4.5
4.5
5.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,792
57.2
5,762
48.5
1,030
15.2
15.6
14.7

6,899
58.1
5,834
49.1
1,065
15.4
16.6
14.2

6,884
57.9
5,790
48.7
1,094
15.9
16.6
15.1

6,942
58.4
5,871
49.4
1,071
15.4
15.7
15.2

6,900
58.0
5,793
48.7
1,107
16.0
16.3
15.7

6,817
57.3
5,791
48.7
1,026
15.1
15.5
14.6

6,885
57.8
5,852
49.2
1,033
15.0
16.1
13.8

6,955
58.4
5,898
49.5
1,057
15.2
16.0
14.3

6,862
57.5
5,795
48.5
1,067
15.5
17.1
13.9

6,861
57.4
5,837
48.9
1,024
14.9
16.7
13.1

7,021
58.7
5,951
49.8
1,070
15.2
17.3
13.1

6,734
56.3
5,817
48.6
917
13.6
14.5
12.7

6,778
56.6
5,898
49.3
880
13.0
13.0
13.0

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

20,002 20,028 20,056 20,089 20,120 20,152 20,187 20,218 20,249 20,279 20,312 20,341 20,373
12,611 12,553 12,652 12,720 12,719 12,707 12,831 12,957 12,844 12,743 12,860 12,863 13,047
63.4
63.2
63.3
62.8
63.6
64.0
64.1
63.1
63.2
63.3
63.1
63.0
62.7
10,822 10,716 10,799 10,895 10,910 10,968 10,997 11,101 11,053 11,090 11,080 11,223 11,401
54.7
54.6
54.6
54.4
56.0
54.9
54.5
54.2
54.2
53.8
54.1
55.2
53.5
1,653
1,779
1,791
1,739
1,647
1,855
1,833
1,809
1,825
1,853
1,789
1,640
1,837
13.9
13.7
14.3
12.7
13.8
13.0
14.3
14.2
14.6
12.6
14.3
14.6
14.2

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,939
75.0
5,170
65.3
769
12.9

5,885
74.2
5,110
64.5
775
13.2

5,906
74.4
5,116
64.5
790
13.4

5,932
74.6
5,153
64.8
779
13.1

5,934
74.5
5,171
65.0
763
12.9

5,947
74.5
5,244
65.7
703
11.8

5,986
74.9
5,256
65.7
730
12.2

6,012
75.1
5,288
66.0
724
12.0

5,997
74.8
5,305
66.1
692
11.5

5,980
74.4
5,328
66.3
652
10.9

6,033
75.0
5,279
65.6
754
12.5

6,001
74.5
5,311
65.9
690
11.5

6,089
75.4
5,404
66.9
686
11.3

5,848
58.8
5,141
51.6
707
12.1

5,841
58.6
5,112
51.3
729
12.5

5,872
58.8
5,145
51.5
727
12.4

5,909
59.1
5,178
51.8
731
12.4

5,943
59.3
5,200
51.9
743
12.5

5,907
58.9
5,182
51.7
725
12.3

5,984
59.6
5,221
52.0
763
12.8

6,030
59.9
5,255
52.2
775
12.9

5,987
59.4
5,211
51.7
776
13.0

5,918
58.7
5,238
51.9
680
11.5

5,970
59.1
5,278
52.2
691
11.6

6,017
59.5
5,349
52.9
669
11.1

6,125
60.4
5,426
53.5
699
11.4

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.

38




HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1987

1986
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

824
38.7
511
24.0
313
38.0
40.5
35.0

827
38.8
494
23.1
333
40.3
38.8
41.9

874
40.9
538
25.2
336
38.4
38.6
38.3

879
41.1
564
26.3
315
35.8
37.8
33.8

842
39.3
539
25.1
303
36.0
35.0
37.0

853
39.8
542
25.3
311
36.5
36.1
36.9

860
40.1
520
24.2
340
39.5
36.5
43.2

915
42.6
559
26.0
356
38.9
38.3
39.5

861
40.0
537
24.9
324
37.6
36.5
38.8

845
39.2
524
24.3
321
38.0
39.3
36.5

857
39.7
523
24.2
334
39.0
40.3
37.6

844
39.0
563
26.0
281
33.3
31.5
35.1

833
38.4
571
26.3
262
31.5
31.5
31.4

12,362
8,121
65.7
7,269
58.8
852
10.5

12,397
8,130
65.6
7,248
58.5
882
10.8

12,432
'8,179
65.8
7,286
58.6
893
10.9

12,469
8,200
65.8
7,345
58.9
855
10.4

12,505
8,226
65.8
7,437
59.5
789
9.6

12,540
8,320
66.3
7,446
59.4
874
10.5

12,653
8,431
66.6
7,538
59.6
893
10.6

12,692
8,457
66.6
7,644
60.2
813
9.6

12,732
8,392
65.9
7,639
60.0
753
9.0

12,770
8,484
66.4
7,701
60.3
783
9.2

12,809
8,586
67.0
7,838
61.2
748
8.7

12,848
8,452
65.8
7,730
60.2
722
8.5

12,887
8,411
65.3
7,744
60.1
667
7.9

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
2

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987

1986
Category
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

CHARACTERISTIC

Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382 111,368 111,835 112,447 112,257 112,727
39,634 39,735 39,691 39,780 39,952 40,093 40,102 39,913 40,100 39,967 40,029 40,057 40,241
27,474 27,388 27,249 27,323 27,333 27,400 27,525 27,817 27,965 28,213 28,495 28,458 28,426
5,985
6,016
6,041
5,812
6,013
5,939
5,921
5,906
5,933
5,972
5,832
5,926
6,005

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF
WORKER

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,504
1,434
171

1,509
1,387
174

1,521
1,460
159

1,562
1,451
164

1,582
1,425
198

1,621
1,400
152

1,650
1,370
136

1,647
1,454
126

1,739
1,418
150

1,589
1,505
175

1,695
1,442
170

1,614
1,386
165

1,619
1,429
154

98,312
16,582
81,730
1,241
80,489
8,019
258

98,586 98,692 98,846 98,869 99,164 99,550 99,748 99,834 100,112 100,834 100,420 100,838
16,446 16,333 16,264 16,457 16,443 16,412 16,532 16,568 16,484 16,710 16,956 16,931
82,140 82,359 82,582 82,412 82,721 83,138 83,216 83,265 83,628 84,124 83,464 83,907
1,269
1,247
1,216
1,183
1,189
1,204
1,227
1,229
1,224
1,146
1,266
1,266
80,893 81,130 81,366 81,229 81,532 81,869 82,012 82,038 82,362 82,858 82,318 82,683
8,192
8,187
7,956
7,939
7,993
8,179
8,056
8,117
8,050
8,328
8,142
8,205
246
255
271
275
265
252
239
273
268
274
268
275

All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,442
2,473
2,661
13,967

5,471
2,417
2,741
13,981

5,544
2,472
2,772
13,922

5,740
2,481
2,826
14,178

5,563
5,596
2,510
2,444
2,714
2,867
14,021 13,877

5,505
2,473
2,695
14,170

5,780
2,535
2,828
14,061

5,456
2,440
2,698
14,167

5,391
2,322
2,746
13,862

5,282
2,223
2,665
14,573

5,184
2,317
2,579
15,054

5,508
2,456
2,722
14,422

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,222
2,317
2,609
13,578

5,269
2,283
2,678
13,606

5,303
2,314
2,710
13,520

5,450
2,314
2,739
13,736

5,319
2,366
2,626
13,567

5,342
2,286
2,765
13,455

5,201
2,281
2,599
13,750

5,459
2,340
2,742
13,597

5,164
2,218
2,595
13,682

5,110
2,137
2,662
13,399

5,029
2,071
2,594
14,069

4,918
2,155
2,477
14,485

5,235
2,295
2,634
13,946

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 1

1

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey




period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1986

1987

Sex and age
July
Total, 16 years and over . .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382 111,368 111,835 112,447 112,257 112,727
20,268
6,474
2,605
3,830
13,794
89,730
75,207
14,447

20,281
6,526
2,593
3,903
13,755
89,792
75,405
14,445

20,163
6,475
2,670
3,804
13,688
89,796
75,582
14,269

20,263
6,577
2,714
3,877
13,686
89,899
75,714
14,223

20,201
6,482
2,648
3,843
13,719
90,221
75,889
14,341

20,093
6,478
2,717
3,771
13,615
90,524
76,247
14,349

20,237
6,524
2,713
3,816
13,713
90,725
76,281
14,450

20,293
6,582
2,727
3,844
13,711
91,104
76,680
14,363

20,113
6,460
2,688
3,809
13,652
91,290
76,844
14,426

20,111
6,518
2,619
3,876
13,593
91,660
77,338
14,345

20,215
6,633
2,689
3,932
13,582
92,257
77,663
14,450

19,988
6,511
2,661
3,843
13,477
92,319
77,766
14,574

20,197
6,647
2,774
3,858
13,550
92,615
78,077
14,473

60,884 60,942 60,968 60,975 61,241 61,393 61,596 61,751 61,707 61,842 61,996 61,912 62,154
10,590 10,567 10,528 10,587 10,546 10,449 10,526 10,608 10,452 10,427 10,369 10,288 10,452
3,340 3,357 3,361
3,380 3,358
3,292 3,369 3,426 3,297 3,275 3,276 3,292 3,360
1,325
1,357
1,391 1,353
1,399
1,373
1,355
1,425
1,395
1,355
1,350
1,336
1,434
1,970 2,005
2,003
1,965
2,009
2,000 1,945
1,974
1,933
1,919
1,936
1,930
1,916
7,207
7,250 7,210 7,167
7,188 7,157 7,156
7,182
7,155
7,152 7,094 6,996 7,092
50,321 50,393 50,419 50,348 50,705 50,943 51,053 51,207 51,278 51,396 51,648 51,598 51,729
41,884 42,050 42,124 42,049 42,278 42,485 42,569 42,702 42,729 42,925 42,997 43,065 43,180
8,402 8,357 8,323 8,329 8,428 8,507 8,458 8,470 8,546 8,476 8,561 8,573 8,510
49,003 49,125 49,019 49,217 49,191 49,244 49,415 49,631 49,661 49,993 50,451 50,345 50,574
9,678 9,714 9,635 9,676 9,655
9,644 9,711 9,685
9,661
9,683
9,700 9,744
9,845
3,134 3,169 3,114 3,197 3,124
3,186 3,154
3,155
3,242 3,357
3,163
3,219 3,286
1,268
1,248
1,295
1,323
1,271
1,344
1,302
1,318
1,283
1,333
1,306
1,339
1,340
1,898
1,860
1,834
1,874
1,839
1,838
1,844
1,842
1,940 2,013
1,864
1,913
1,942
6,544 6,545 6,521 6,479 6,531 6,458 6,557
6,529 6,498
6,441
6,489 6,482 6,458
39,409 39,399 39,377 39,551 39,516 39,581 39,672 39,897 40,012 40,264 40,609 40,721 40,886
33,323 33,355 33,458 33,665 33,611 33,762 33,712 33,978 34,116 34,412 34,666 34,700 34,896
6,045 6,088
5,946 5,894
5,913
5,842 5,992 5,893
5,879 5,869 5,888
6,000 5,963

A-37. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987

1986
Sex and age
Total 16 vears and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 vears
16 to 17 vears
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 vears and over
25 to 54 vears
55 years and over
Men 16 vears and over
16 to 24 vears
16 to 19 vears
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 vears
20 to 24 vears
25 vears and over
25 to 54 vears
55 vears and over
Women 16 vears and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 vears
18 to 19 vears
20 to 24 vears
25 years and over
25 to 54 vears
55 v©3rs snd ov©r

40




July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

8,230

8,057

8,285

8,222

8,243

7,949

8,023

7,967

7,854

7,500

7,546

7,260

7,224

3,071
1,409

3,001
1,429

3,173
1,465

3,022
1,414

3,005
1,447

3,045
1,402

642
740

641
787

668
790

647
766

686
768

1,643
5,024
4,552
477

3,049
1,446
693
765
1,603
4,912
4,459
452

2,969
1,424
670
753
1,545
4,872
4,363
509

2,901
1,376
623
756
1,525
4,588
4,079
512

2,912
1,430
734
696
1,482
4,621
4,102
548

2,768
1,235
617
609
1,533
4,454
4,013
474

2,686
1,218
573
623
1,468
4,532
4,090
457

1,662
5,148
4,584
574

1,572
5,087
4,525
561

1,708
5,130
4,523
587

1,608
5,197
4,597
603

1,558
5,230
4,630
571

2,986
1,359
629
737
1,627
4,961
4,422
527

4,566

4,428

4,600

4,565

4,574

4,439

4,484

4,429

4,362

4,186

4,254

4,085

3,941

1,660

1,625

1,761

1,615

1,635

794
350
441
831

795
373
416
966

751
344
409
864

754
366
388
881

2,896
2,548
350

2,835
2,471
356

2,857
2,472
364

2,945
2,558
385

2,931
2,568
361

1,623
714
325
395
909
2,809
2,462
351

1,626

755
345
395
905

2,901
2,578
310

1,673
781
383
410
892
2,760
2,461
293

1,589
789
344
444
800
2,758
2,435
316

1,583
111
366
411
806
2,597
2,276
330

1,604
818
407
412
786
2,636
2,299
363

1,485
648
312
324
837
2,563
2,285
305

1,406
618
285
307
788
2,530
2,244
299

3,664

3,629

3,685

3,657

3,669

3,510

3,538

3,538

3,492

3,314

3,292

3,175

3,283

1,411

1,376

1,412

1,407

1,370

635
291
346
741

670
295
374
742

663
303
357
744

693
320
380
677

2,252
2,036

2,252
2,054

2,273
2,051

2,252
2,039

2,299
2,062

224

205

223

218

210

1,363
645
304
342
718
2,152
1,960
176

1,419

654
297
345
757

1,375
665
310
355
710
2,152
1,998
158

1,380
635
326
309
745
2,113
1,928
193

1,319
599
257
345
720
1,991
1,803
183

1,308
612
327
284
696
1,985
1,803
185

1,284
587
305
285
697
1,891
1,729
170

1,280
600
288
316
680
2,002
1,846
158

683
735

764
380
401
862

638
303
334
781

2,124
1,974
167

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1987

1986
Sex and age

Total 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 vears
55 years and over
Men 16 years and over
16 to 24 vears
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 vears
20 to 24 years
25 vears and over
25 to 54 vears
55 years and over
Women 16 years and over

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

7.0

6.8

7.0

6.9

6.9

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.6

6.3

6.3

6.1

6.0

13.2
17.9
19.8
162
10.8
5.4
5.7
3.8

12.9
18.0
19.8
16.8
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.7

13.6
18.5
20.0
17.2
11.1
5.4
5.6
4.0

13.0
17.7
19.3
16.5
10.5
5.5
5.7
4.1

12.9
18.2
20.6
16.7
10.2
5.5
5.8
3.8

12.9
17.3
18.8
16.3
10.7
5.2
5.5
3.5

13.1
17.7
20.1
16.2
10.7
5.2
5.6
3.2

13.1
18.0
20.3
16.6
10.5
5.1
5.5
3.0

12.9
18.1
20.0
16.5
10.2
5.1
5.4
3.4

12.6
17.4
19.2
16.3
10.1
4.8
5.0
3.4

12.6
17.7
21.4
15.0
9.8
4.8
5.0
3.7

12.2
15.9
18.8
13.7
10.2
4.6
4.9
3.2

11.7
15.5
17.1
13.9
9.8
4.7
5.0
3.1

7.0

6.8

7.0

7.0

6.9

6.7

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.3

6.4

6.2

6.0

13.6
18.4
20.3
16.7
11.1
5.4
5.7
4.0

13.3
19.1
20.9
18.0
10.3
5.3
5.6
4.1

14.3
19.1
21.0
17.5
11.9
5.4
5.5
4.2

13.2
18.2
19.8
17.0
10.7
5.5
5.7
4.4

13.4
18.3
21.3
16.2
10.9
5.5
5.7
4.1

13.4
17.8
19.1
17.0
11.3
5.2
5.5
4.0

13.4
18.5
21.4
16.9
10.7
5.4
5.7
3.5

13.6
18.6
21.2
17.0
11.1
5.1
5.4
3.3

13.2
19.3
20.2
18.6
10.1
5.1
5.4
3.6

13.2
19.2
21.5
17.5
10.1
4.8
5.0
3.7

13.4
20.0
23.2
17.7
10.0
4.9
5.1
4.1

12.6
16.4
18.7
14.4
10.7
4.7
5.0
3.4

11.9
15.5
16.6
13.8
10.0
4.7
4.9
3.4

7.0

6.9

7.0

6.9

6.9

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.6

6.2

6.1

5.9

6.1

12.7
16.8
18.7
15.3
10.6
5.1
5.5
2.7

12.4
17.4
19.2
16.1
9.8
5.1
5.6
2.6

12.0
15.6
16.7
15.1
10.1
4.7
5.0
3.0

11.7
15.4
19.6
12.4
9.7
4.7
4.9
3.0

11.7
15.4
18.9
13.0
9.7
4.4
4.7
2.8

11.6
15.4
17.7
14.0
9.5
4.7
5.0
2.6

12.7
17.3
19.2
15.6
10.4
5.4
5.8
3.6

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 vears
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 vears
25 years and over
25 to 54 vears
55 years and over

12.4
16.7
18.7
15.4
10.2
5.4
5.8
3.3

12.8
17.7
18.8
16.9
10.2
5.5
5.8
3.6

12.7
17.2
18.6
16.0
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.6

12.4
16.8
18.4
15.7
10.0
5.2
5.5
2.9

12.4
18.2
19.8
17.2
9.4
5.5
5.8
3.4

12.5
16.7
19.7
14.2
10.3
5.0
5.4
3.2

A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1986

1987

Category
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

7.0
6.2
6.2
17.9

6.8
5.9
6.1

6.9
6.2
6.1
17.7

6.9
6.2
6.1

6.7
6.0
5.9
17.3

6.7
6.0
5.9
17.7

6.7
5.9
5.8
18.0

6.6
5.8
5.8
18.1

6.3
5.5
5.5

18.0

7.0
6.2
6.2
18.5

6.3
5.5
5.4
17.7

6.1
5.5
5.2
15.9

6.0
5.4
5.4
15.5

6.0
12.7
14.2
10.5

5.8
13.1
14.6
10.8

6.0
13.1
14.6
10.9

6.0
12.7
14.3
10.4

6.0
12.7
14.2

5.9
12.6
14.3
10.6

5.7
12.8
14.3

9.2

5.3
12.2
13.8
8.7

5.2
11.4
12.7
8.5

5.1
11.3
12.6

9.6

5.6
12.5
13.9
9.0

5.4
11.7
13.0

9.6

5.8
12.3
13.7
10.5

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present.
Women who maintain families ...

4.4
5.2
9.5

4.2
5.1
10.1

4.3
5.1
9.8

4.6
5.0
8.9

4.5
5.0
9.7

4.3
4.8
9.8

4.2
4.8
9.8

4.2
4.8
9.5

4.1
4.5
9.7

4.1
4.4
9.3

3.9
4.1
9.6

4.0
4.0
9.7

3.8
4.2
9.4

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

6.6
9.2
1.9
7.8

6.4
9.3
1.9
7.7

6.6
9.3
2.0
7.9

6.6
9.2
1.8
7.8

6.6
9.1
1.9
7.7

6.3
8.8
1.8
7.6

6.4
9.0
1.8
7.6

6.3
8.7
1.8
7.6

6.2
9.2
1.7
7.4

5.9
8.6
1.7
7.3

5.9
8.7
1.8
7.2

5.9
6.9
1.7
7.1

5.7
7.9
1.6
6.9

6.9

7.0
13.9
12.9
7.0
6.5
7.7
4.7
7.6
5.6

7.0
14.5
13.8
7.3
7.2
7.3
5.2
7.4
5.4
11.9

7.0
14.5
15.1
7.1
6.6
7.9
4.4
7.2
5.4

6.8
14.1
13.7

6.7
14.0
12.2
6.8

6.6
12.4
11.6
6.8
6.8
6.9
4.0
7.2
5.4
11.2

6.5
9.3
12.5
6.9
6.7
7.3
4.6
7.3
4.9
10.7

6.2
11.1
11.9
6.2
6.2
6.2
4.8
7.0
4.7
9.0

6.3
12.9
12.1
6.4
6.3
6.6
4.4
6.9
4.8
8.7

6.2
10.8
11.6
5.6
5.3
6.0
5.0
7.2
4.8
8.8

6.1
7.8
10.7
6.0
6.1
5.9
4.4
6.8
5.1
11.3

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over ...
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...
White
Black and other...

Black
Hispanic origin

18.2

17.4

7.9

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1

7.1
16.6
13.0
6.9
6.7

7.2
5.5
7.8
5.7
11.4

16.6
12.4

6.9
6.8
6.9
4.8
7.5
5.6
13.3

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
' Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time




12.9

10.1

6.9
6.4
7.7
4.6
7.2
5.1
11.5

6.8
6.8
4.8
7.5
5.2

11.6

for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.

41

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1987

1986
Weeks of unemployment
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

3,399
2,521
2,250
1,058
1,192

3,436
2,407
2,272
1,068
1,204

3,415
2,524
2,373
1,110
1,263

3,418
2,563
2,168
950
1,218

3,382
2,613
2,217
1,045
1,172

3,355
2,389
2,171
1,023
1,148

3,416
2,530
2,200
1,022
1,178

3,361
2,477
2,131
1,008
1,123

3,383
2,447
2,050
945
1,105

3,143
2,232
2,075
1,025
1,049

3,349
2,118
2,101
1,003
1,098

3,085
2,114
2,055
998
1,057

3,168
2,141
1,907
945
962

15.1
7.1

15.6
7.1

15.5
7.1

15.2
7.0

14.8
7.0

15.0
7.1

15.0
7.0

14.6
6.6

14.9
6.6

14.9
7.0

14.9
6.5

14.8
6.7

14.0
6.7

100.0
41.6
30.9
27.5
12.9
14.6

100.0
42.3
29.7
28.0
13.2
14.8

100.0
41.1
30.4
28.5
13.4
15.2

100.0
41.9
31.5
26.6
11.7
14.9

100.0
41.2
31.8
27.0
12.7
14.3

100.0
42.4
30.2
27.4
12.9
14.5

100.0
41.9
31.1
27.0
12.5
14.5

100.0
42.2
31.1
26.7
12.7
14.1

100.0
42.9
31.1
26.0
12.0
14.0

100.0
42.2
30.0
27.9
13.8
14.1

100.0
44.3
28.0
27.8
13.2
14.5

100.0
42.5
29.1
28.3
13.8
14.6

100.0
43.9
29.7
26.4
13.1
13.3

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1986

1987

Reasons for unemployment
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

4,063
1,078
2,985
1,025
2,205
989

3,824
1,017
2,807
990
2,199
1,014

4,044
1,029
3,015
1,041
2,145
1,038

3,984
1,072
2,912
1,027
2,190
972

3,947
1,073
2,874
1,056
2,119
1,076

3,890
1,078
2,812
1,036
2,019
1,015

3,971
1,118
2,854
891
2,054
1,084

3,839
998
2,842
1,046
2,042
1,040

3,822
1,011
2,811
1,000
2,111
956

3,732
958
2,774
923
1,940
911

3,611
906
2,705
906
2,018
1,018

3,565
901
2,664
949
1,969
798

3,522
918
2,604
1,007
1,913
801

100.0
49.1
13.0
36.0
12.4
26.6
11.9

100.0
47.6
12.7
35.0
12.3
27.4
12.6

100.0
48.9
12.4
36.5
12.6
25.9
12.6

100.0
48.7
13.1
35.6
12.6
26.8
11.9

100.0
48.1
13.1
35.1
12.9
25.8
13.1

100.0
48.9
13.5
35.3
13.0
25.4
12.8

100.0
49.6
14.0
35.7
11.1
25.7
13.6

100.0
48.2
12.5
35.7
13.1
25.6
13.1

100.0
48.4
12.8
35.6
12.7
26.8
12.1

100.0
49.7
12.8
37.0
12.3
25.8
12.1

100.0
47.8
12.0
35.8
12.0
26.7
13.5

100.0
49.0
12.4
36.6
13.0
27.0
11.0

100.0
48.6
12.7
36.0
13.9
26.4
11.1

3.4
.9
1.9
.8

3.2
.8
1.9
.9

3.4
.9
1.8
.9

3.4
.9
1.8
.8

3.3
.9
1.8
.9

3.3
.9
1.7
.9

3.3
.7
1.7
.9

3.2
.9
1.7
.9

3.2
.8
1.8
.8

3.1
.8
1.6
.8

3.0
.8
1.7
.8

3.0
.8
1.6
.7

2.9
.8
1.6
.7

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job Josers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

42




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1935 to date

(In thousands)
Goods-producing
Year
and
month

Total

Total
private

Total

Mining

Construction

Service-producing

Manufacturing

Transportation
and
public
utilities

Total

Wholesale
trade

Retail
trade

Finance,
insurance,
Services
and
real
estate

Government

Federal

State

Local

Annual averages

1935
1936
1937
1938
1939

....
....
....
....
....

27,039
29,068
31,011
29,194
30,603

23,558
25,400
27,255
25,311
26,608

10,893
11,933
12,936
11,401
12,297

897
946
1,015
891
854

927
1,160
1,127
1,070
1,165

1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949

....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
...
....

32,361
36,539
40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

28,159
31,877
34,624
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

13,221
15,963
18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

925
957
992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930

1950 ....
1951 ....
1952 ....
1953 ....
1954 ....
1955 ....
1956 ....
1957 ....
1958 ....
19592 ...

45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186

18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411

1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384

45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189

....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....

1970 ....

9,069
9,827

3,128
3,312
3,503
3,458
3,502

5,251
5,212
5,160
5,214
5,365
6,084
6,485
6,667
'6,662

1,485
1,525
1,509
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828

3,665
3,905
4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,240

996
1,340
2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908

2,635
2,727
2,812
2,854
2,867
2,926
3,018
3,028
2,980
3,082

6,751
7,015
7,192
7,393
7,368
7,610
7,840
7,858
7,770
8,045

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,357
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

1,328
1,415
1,484

4,071
4,232
4,366

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

3,143
3,133
3,198
3,248
3,337
3,466
3,597
3,689
3,779
3,907

8,248
8,204
8,368
8,530
8,823
9,250
9,648
9,917
10,320
10,798

2,629
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378
7,620
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758

1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533

4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904

47,302
48,278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

3,993
4,001
4,113
4,277
4,433
4,415
4,546
4,708
4,969
5,204

11,047
11,351
11,836
12,329
12,554
12,645
13,209
13,808
14,573
14,989

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975

11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,303
16,252
17,112

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773

2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541

7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633

64,748
65,659
65,753

5,146
5,165
5,082
4,954
5,159
5,238
5,244

5,275
5,358
5,278
5,268
5,555
5,717
5,735

15,035
15,189
15,179
15,613
16,545
17,356
17,845

5,160
5,298
5,341
5,468
5,689
5,955
6,297

17,890
18,619
19,036
19,694
20,797
22,000
23,099

2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899

3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,832
3,888

9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,687
9,923

10,794
9,440
10,278

2,786
2,973
3,134
2,863
2,936

1,311
1,814
2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194

10,985
13,192
15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

19,140
20,574
21,636
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189

3,038
3,274
3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

1,960
1,906
1,822
1,845
1,949
2,291
2,471
2,605
2,602

901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675

26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023

623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

1,027

4,346
4,188
3,905
3,948
4,383
4,673
4,904

20,285
20,170
18,781
18,434
19,378
19,260
18,994

1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....

70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

....
....
....
....
....
....
....

90,406
91,156
89,566
90,200
94,496
97,519
'99,610

74,166
75,126
73,729
74,330
78,472
81,125
82,900

25,658
25,497
23,813
23,334
24,727
24,859
24,681

1,139
1,128

952
966
927
783

()
01

1,320
1,373
1,417
1,410
1,447

16,146
17,135
18,075
17,793
18,306

72,660
74,930

()

O1
()
01

()

O
1

()

V)
1
905

()
O

()

01
()

0
()

o1

o1
()

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
1986:

July
August
September
October ....
November
December.
1987:
January
February ...
March
April
May
JuneP
JulyP
1

99,601
99,772
100,039
100,209
100,415
100,567

82,991
83,125
83,241
83,337
83,515
83,643

24,628
24,639
24,620
24,611
24,630
24,630

764
748
739
735
730
724

4,924
4,946
4,948
4,942
4,946
4,936

18,940
18,945
18,933
18,934
18,954
18,970

74,973
75,133
75,419
75,598
75,785
75,937

5,237
5,202
5,255
5,251
5,278
5,286

5,735
5,736
5,736
5,731
5,728
5,725

17,866
17,913
17,939
17,980
18,009
18,007

6,323
6,351
6,374
6,395
6,418
6,451

23,202
23,284
23,317
23,369
23,452
23,544

2,872
2,882
2,902
2,897
2,900
2,904

3,881
3,881
3,890
3,907
3,915
3,927

9,857
9,884
10,006
10,068
10,085
10,093

100,919
101,150
101,329
101,598
101,708
101,811
102,115

83,983
84,215
84,352
84,560
84,677
84,769
85,008

24,708
24,743
24,749
24,759
24,752
24,775
24,849

718
719
722
729
735
737
742

5,034
5,038
5,032
5,019
4,999
5,010
5,009

18,956
18,986
18,995
19,011
19,018
19,028
19,098

76,211
76,407
76,580
76,839
76,956
77,036
77,266

5,304
•5,315
5,333
5,348
5,344
5,351
5,344

5,741
5,757
5,766
5,772
5,775
5,780
5,790

18,080
18,140
18,136
18,197
16,205
18,217
18,278

6,480
6,501
6,526
6,558
6,576
6,595
6,614

23,670
23,759
23,842
23,926
24,025
24,051
24,133

2,912
2,916
2,922
2,933
2,935
2,938
2,937

3,929
3,927
3,930
3,943
3,947
3,935
3,951

10,095
10,092
10,125
10,162
10,149
10,169
10,219

Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 1959
benchmark month.
p
= preliminary.
2




NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1986
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1986) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1983) are subject to revision.

43

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC

Total

All employees
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

Production workers

June
1987P

520

528

43.6
9.3
12.6

30.9
7.0
8.3

30.9
7.2
8.3

32.6
7.2
9.9

33.0
7.1
10.0

144.2
142.1

143.2
141.1

131.9
129.9

131.6
129.8

273.4
106.5
166.9

273.9
107.6
166.3

267.6
99.6
168.0

274.4
99.7
174.7

87.4
33.0
-

88.0
33.5
-

88.0
33.4
-

89.1
33.4
-

4,031

4,148

3,936

4,085

999.3 1,022.9
512.6
504.9
32.1
32.6
478.2
461.8

921.6
467.8
28.2
425.6

962.0
494.1
29.0
438.9

710.4
273.9
436.5

686.6
267.2
419.4

707.7
282.8
424.9

731

740

41.6
9.1
10.9

41.6
9.2
10.8

43.1
9.4
12.3

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

11,12
12

176.7
174.1

175.7
173.1

162.0
159.7

161.5
159.4

Oil and gas extraction
13
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids ... 131,2
138
Oil and gas field services

440.0
225.9
214.1

437.9
225.4
212.5

412.1
202.8
209.3

420.0
204.3
215.7

113.6
40.7
35.5
17.8

114.4
41.3
35.6
18.1

113.6
41.4
34.7
18.0

115.2
41.6
35.5
18.1

5,098

5,227

5,044

5,210

14
142
144
147

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

15
152
153
154

Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

16
161
162

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

Manufacturing
Durable goods




June
1987P

536

770

10
101
102

44

May
1987

536

772

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

See footnotes at end of table.

July
1986

July
1987P

83,467 83,629 84,778 85,591 85,655 67,573 67,688 68,611 69,304 69,312

Mining

Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

June
1986

100,183 99,440 102,140 102,696 101,932

Total private

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals

July
1987P

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

747

428.7
_

5,315

1,340.3 1,368.6 1,268 0 1,311.9 1,342.5
689.2 701.0
662.8 691.2
54.9
60.0
60.3
56.5
550.3
591.1 607.3
564.2
832.8
310.4
522.4

841.9
319.1
522.8

814.3
315.5
498.8

700.3
265.4
434.9

835.6
332.0
503.6

19,081

18,867

18,985 19,152 19,017

11,294

11,153

11,184 11,257

725.3
84.3
196.7
161.3
32.5
251.7
96.8
66.4
23.6
37.7
42.1
72.1
49.5
78.4

722.5
85.6
192.4
157.5
32.0
253.7
98.1
67.3
23.0
37.8
42.2
71.4
48.3
77.2

754.1
83.3
204.5
166.4
35.2
269.4
106.3
71.7
24.6
39.2
41.6
74.2
50.1
81.1

4,183

2,331.2 2,414.2 2,328.2 2,414.8
476.3
494.1
466.5 479.4
143.7
151.5
144.1
153.9
417.6
403.9
405.6 417.7
432.6
416.5
409.9 426.5
136.9
134.3
148.3
140.2
164.6
173.3
181.6
171.8

2,924.7 3,016.3 2,961.2 3,062.1
645.2 645.9
630.0
666.3
171.4
172.2
181.6
179.5
525.9
523.1
535.5
542.2
476.4 495.2 490.1
507.5
178.4
174.3
180.6
189.1
221.7
207.8
211.6
217.8

737.5
78.7
200.9
163.1
34.8
263.7
102.2
71.6
24.6
38.7
41.2
72.7
49.1
80.3

532

12,956 12,742

12,927

13,063

12,925

11,140

7,465

7,319

7,425

7,483

7,363

762.5
-

611.2
71.2
174.6
143.5
28.6
209.4
78.9
53.9
20.7
34.6
35.8
55.2
39.8
65.0

608.2
72.4
170.5
139.9
28.1
211.3
80.1
54.7
20.1
34.8
35.9
54.5
38.7
63.6

617.0
65.6
177.1
143.8
30.6
218.3
83.3
57.6
21.5
35.2
35.0
55.0
39.6
66.0

631.5
69.3
180.5
146.9
31.0
223.5
87.0
57.7
21.6
35.6
35.5
56.1
40.3
66.6

640.9
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987 P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987 P

July
1987 P

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

496.0
292.7
130.9
92.4
26.1
29.7
66.3
26.9
72.1
38.0

484.5
282.0
125.4
91.1
23.3
28.8
66.3
26.9
71.7
37.6

506.4
302.9
134.1
97.4
27.7
30.3
66.7
28.3
72.1
36.4

509.1
302.7
134.0
97.9
27.4
30.9
67.4
28.5
73.8
36.7

505.2
-

396.3
245.7
113.9
76.5
21.1
22.8
51.0
20.5
52.8
26.3

384.5
235.3
108.6
75.3
18.5
21.9
50.9
20.4
52.0
25.9

404.4
255.9
117.4
81.1
23.0
23.0
49.9
21.7
51.5
25.4

406.2
255.5
117.1
81.6
22.7
23.6
50.3
21.7
53.1
25.6

402.9
-

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

600.6
15.5
91.3
46.4
44.9
50.6
23.1
38.1
36.7
218.3
19.7
72.0
106.5
114.4
20.9
9.2
27.9

595.2
15.4
88.4
45.8
42.6
50.6
23.2
37.2
36.7
218.3
19.9
71.4
106.9
113.2
20.6
8.8
27.9

589.0
15.0
88.7
44.8
43.9
50.8
21.7
38.2
36.0
215.7
20.7
69.7
105.8
109.7
20.2
9.2
24.4

595.7
15.2
89.1
45.4
43.7
51.3
22.3
38.9
35.8
219.4
21.0
71.2
107.6
110.4
20.6
9.5
24.5

592.6
_

464.2
12.2
77.9
41.8
36.1
35.5
18.1
29.8
28.9
170.9
13.2
55.4
86.7
81.1
13.9
7.0

459.5
12.1
75.2
41.2
34.0
35.5
18.2
28.9
28.8
171.1
13.4
54.9
87.1
80.2
13.8
6.6
-

457.0
11.7
75.9
40.2
35.7
35.8
16.8
30.0
28.7
168.4
14.1
53.1
86.2
79.3
13.8
7.1

463.3
11.9
76.5
40.8
35.7
36.3
17.4
30.6
28.5
171.5
14.2
54.6
87.6
80.2
13.9
7.4

459.2
-

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

754.2
283.1
215.6
23.4
132.7
83.1
9.2
27.4
36.0
17.8
173.8
23.1
24.2
75.3
86.2
52.9

738.6
279.4
213.3
23.1
126.5
78.7
8.1
26.7
35.9
17.9
173.5
22.6
26.2
73.6
82.3
51.2

748.0
274.8
208.6
23.0
130.3
81.3
8.6
26.4
40.2
22.4
175.8
22.7
27.6
74.1
85.7
52.8

753.8
277.8
211.0
23.2
131.2
81.8
8.7
26.7
40.4
22.4
176.5
23.0
27.8
74.3
86.2
53.0

740.4
276.1
-

568.6
218.0
168.2
16.9
104.3
67.8
6.5
20.2
24.3
11.9
121.6
17.9
16.7
52.4
69.0
43.0

552.0
214.7
166.2
16.5
98.5
63.5
5.9
19.3
23.5
11.1
119.9
17.5
18.0
50.0
65.3
41.4

562.2
207.2
158.1
16.8
102.9
66.2
6.3
19.7
28.3
15.8
125.1
17.7
20.3
51.7
68.6
42.9

567.1
209.5
160.2
16.8
103.6
66.6
6.4
19.9
28.5
15.9
125.8
17.9
20.6
51.9
69.2
43.2

553.6
206.7
-

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446

1,438.8 1,407.4 1,420.2 1,429.8 1,410.1 1,064.1 1,034.1 1,051.3 1,061.3 1,044.5
56.8
57.2
50.5
49.8
48.7
48.8
59.0
58.4
41.2
39.8
39.9
45.7
41.7
46.0
47.6
47.2
96.8
97.7
98.1
132.7
100.9
133.0
137.0
132.6
47.0
33.2
32.1
34.4
35.2
47.7
44.1
45.5
56.7
56.0
55.6
74.8
74.4
59.3
79.2
76.5
58.4
41.0
43.1
44.0
60.7
43.1
61.5
60.6
17.2
17.8
17.9
24.6
17.6
24.1
24.6
23.8
16.8
17.2
17.9
17.5
25.5
26.3
25.9
25.0
311.3 309.6 304.7 311.0
441.5 439.9 432.8 438.4
56.2
54.0
55.3
76.3
56.6
79.6
79.1
77.7
94.7
71.2
71.7
70.2
72.9
94.7
97.5
95.3
56.6
57.1
57.1
91.2
59.9
89.9
96.2
93.5
81.0
80.8
82.9
80.4
109.0
110.9
108.5
108.8
21.5
20.8
21.2
29.4
28.6
29.2
29.1
21.1

See footnotes at end of table.




45

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers

All employees
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment ....
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment ....
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves .
Machinery, except electrical, nee

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599

2,074.7 2,047.7 2,026.9 2,038.3 2,028.4 1,235.6 1,211.5 1,205.3 1,214.7 1,206.1
_
_
61.7
63.7
102.0 100.5
62.1
62.2
98.6
98.0
16.0
17.7
30.0
33.2
33.3
16.0
29.8
17.9
68.7
45.7
44.4
46.2
45.8
68.6
67.3
68.2
89.7 101.6 101.3
92.4
68.1
67.8
59.9
62.6
47.7
43.8
45.0
68.0
69.4
46.3
74.9
73.5
227.1
127.0 129.7
138.6 135.6
224.2 215.8 218.1
46.7
82.2
45.8
50.4
78.0
81.5
49.8
78.9
11.8
19.7
19.4
19.7
12.1
11.8
19.6
12.3
23.7
24.6
26.1
27.6
44.8
46.3
41.6
41.1
29.4
30.2
15.5
15.9
15.0
16.1
30.1
29.9
17.9
25.5
18.0
17.6
18.1
25.3
25.5
25.6
218.5 213.3 213.3 213.7
306.3 300.4 297.9 298.3
28.4
28.3
31.7
31.1
45.3
49.6
50.3
45.3
12.0
11.7
11.9
19.7
19.1
12.1
19.2
19.0
109.2 109.3
110.4 108.1
140.0 142.4 142.8
142.5
37.8
36.9
37.9
38.1
53.2
53.4
54.8
53.3
15.9
15.7
14.9
15.4
21.4
21.2
20.8
21.3
94.6
92.4
93.7
94.2
157.7 159.1
160.0 157.5
22.8
22.2
22.5
37.7
22.7
37.4
37.5
37.0
13.8
11.8
13.5
12.3
18.4
20.4
17.9
20.1
15.4
15.9
15.6
16.1
26.7
27.4
26.4
27.6
163.3
159.9 161.1
163.1
256.5 252.8 252.8 254.5
25.7
25.2
25.1
44.4
26.5
43.7
43.9
44.9
33.4
32.0
33.0
33.0
43.0
43.5
43.2
44.2
12.6
12.6
12.2
21.9
12.8
21.9
22.4
22.4
19.8
19.2
19.6
19.3
30.6
30.5
30.3
30.6
13.9
13.3
13.6
20.2
13.5
20.1
19.5
19.9
10.8
16.5
11.0
10.9
10.7
16.4
16.5
16.4
162.3 161.5 147.6 149.2
479.3 477.3 453.7 457.2
125.7
138.5 137.9 124.1
422.3 420.5 398.7 401.3
122.5 120.0 125.6 126.5
171.7 175.5 176.4
174.1
92.2
93.1
89.4
88.1
124.2 122.9 125.9 126.8
206.8 206.7 208.2
210.1
277.0 1 3.6 273.3 275.4
28.8
28.8
34.6
27.8
30.1
35.1
36.9
35.3
240.1
239.0 238.2 240.1
180.0 179.0 177.9 179.4

Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers ....
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634

2,107.7 2,117.8 2,083.2 2,088.8 2,078.5 1,206.8 1,213.0 1,212.8 1,215.3 1,207.2
76.8
77.8
76.6
78.2
105.2 105.8
107.1
108.1
37.6
36.8
37.0
50.2
50.6
50.0
50.9
37.6
40.0
39.6
57.2
56.5
40.2
55.6
55.2
40.6
131.4 129.8 126.4 126.7
189.0 187.5 184.6 184.6
68.6
68.6
90.7
90.1
91.4
69.9
90.0
70.7
35.9
33.4
58.7
61.7
33.6
58.4
36.4
61.2
134.4 133.2 137.3 136.1
104.9 102.7 108.9 107.6
28.7
23.4
23.7
28.6
28.8
29.1
23.1
22.8
17.4
22.7
22.7
18.2
17.8
22.5
23.1
17.5
26.9
25.0
27.3
35.2
26.0
35.6
34.8
34.2

See footnotes at end of table.

46




93.0
44.3
48.7
245.1
32.3
105.3
96.5
109.0
71.7
37.3
76.7
43.9
216.9
80.2
52.2

90.5
42.7
47.8
235.3
31.3
100.8
92.2
104.7
68.2
36.5
76.5
43.9
211.1
78.4
50.8

94.5
45.0
49.5
237.9
30.7
100.6
96.0
114.4
74.0
40.4
80.4
46.9
210.0
75.8
51.4

94.9
45.3
49.6
236.7
30.5
99.9
95.7
115.1
74.2
40.9
81.4
47.2
211.6
76.3
51.5

70.7
35.9
34.8
196.4
24.7
89.8
73.8
87.4
57.9
29.5
48.1
27.0
155.7
52.7
39.4

68.5
34.5
34.0
187.0
23.7
85.3
70.0
83.1
54.4
28.7
47.7
26.9
150.6
51.3
38.3

72.1
36.7
35.4
190.0
23.6
85.8
72.8
91.4
59.6
31.8
51.2
28.4
152.4
51.0
38.9

72.5
36.9
35.6
189.0
23.5
85.1
72.6
91.9
59.6
32.3
51.7
28.6
154.3
51.4
39.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Electrical and electronic equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1972
SIC
Code

364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

Production workers1

All employees
June
1986

195.8
27.4
78.5
17.4
26.3
80.3
62.8
614.2
106.9
507.3
633.3
40.0
270.6
251.4
152.6
27.9
65.6

July
1986

193.6
27.3
76.8
17.1
26.8
80.8
64.1
638.1
129.3
508.8
627.7
39.2
270.5
248.8
149.8
26.5
65.0

May
1987

189.7
27.0
73.7
16.3
26.4
78.3
60.2
612.3
115.4
496.9
625.7
38.4
263.4
253.3
150.1
29.4
64.5

June
1987P

July
1987P

June
1986

141.0
23.4
51.3
12.3
19.7
55.0
42.9
243.8
53.6
190.2
347.8
23.9
101.2
169.4
104.7
21.7
48.8

190.3
27.0
73.9
16.4
26.2
78.3
60.3
612.9
114.8
498.1
631.0
38.3
265.6
255.9
149.8
30.0
63.7

July
1986

138.8
23.3
49.5
12.0
20.2
54.0
42.7
264.7
74.8
189.9
342.8
23.5
101.5
166.8
102.4
20.3
48.4

May
1987

137.8
23.2
48.6
11.8
20.0
52.5
39.5
255.3
66.9
188.4
350.8
24.4
101.7
171.7
104.5
22.8
49.0

June
1987P

July
1987P

138.8
23.2
49.3
11.9
19.7
52.7
39.7
254.7
66.6
188.1
353.5
24.2
102.3
173.6
104.5
23.4
48.3

2,021.1 1,985.7 2,014.6 2,020.5 1,966.7 1,267.2 1,224.0 1,272.5 1,273.4 1,210.3
874.7 838.0 846.0 851.8 794.9 673.6 635.8 661.2 666.6 607.1
402.6 376.9 372.2 376.2
299.8 273.4 282.9 286.7
35.9
35.0
30.8
30.7
39.3
39.2
45.2
44.2
308.8 297.9 306.9 307.1
388.5 378.0 382.8 382.9
23.9
23.1
22.5
23.0
29.2
29.6
30.8
29.9
327.4 326.6 343.5 342.2
675.7 686.8 687.7
672.1
156.6
157.1
146.2
337.5 340.5 349.8 351.8
145.1
79.7
79.9
76.6
77.5
152.7
156.1
155.8
152.1
105.9
106.5
103.8
104.8
179.8
181.2
183.1
181.9
137.1
139.2
135.4
139.0
185.1
187.4
181.9
185.2
88.0
89.7
93.1
95.2
124.6
126.5
128.9
130.7
49.1
49.5
42.3
43.8
60.5
60.9
53.0
54.5
14.7
15.1
19.1
18.0
22.7
21.9
26.9
25.8
69.3
70.2
67.8
68.1
201.8 204.0 208.4 210.0
50.1
50.9
49.8
49.5
158.4
157.5
154.5
152.9
34.5
35.1
31.8
33.2
51.1
51.7
48.6
49.8
16.3
16.5
14.0
14.9
21.0
21.1
18.3
19.2

Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

710.1
84.3
247.0
42.0
55.5
105.7
33.1
181.1
87.9
78.8
38.6
115.2
10.8

703.1
83.7
245.5
40.6
55.1
105.7
32.8
179.1
87.1
77.6
37.8
114.1
10.1

691.9
82.5
238.0
41.0
51.5
100.7
32.2
179.1
86.1
78.8
41.7
107.2
11.2

696.1
83.0
238.4
40.9
51.5
101.1
32.4
179.9
86.6
79.0
42.1
109.1
11.2

695.0

385.4
37.2
136.4
26.5
28.4
53.1
16.4
109.4
50.2
51.1
25.9
52.6
7.5

378.5
36.3
134.4
25.0
27.9
52.7
16.2
107.3
49.5
49.7
25.4
52.0
6.9

375.7
37.2
132.7
25.9
26.6
50.3
15.7
107.1
49.2
50.0
28.4
46.6
8.0

379.3
37.7
133.5
26.2
26.9
50.1
15.8
107.8
49.7
50.0
28.9
47.4
8.2

376.2

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles...
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

365.8
54.0
37.8
12.5
96.8
46.1
50.7
33.2
40.2
22.2
129.1
55.6

350.4
49.5
34.7
11.8
92.9
43.0
49.9
32.8
36.9
20.0
126.5
55.3

366.6
53.5
37.1
12.5
97.7
45.2
52.5
33.3
43.1
25.4
126.5
54.7

370.4
53.7
37.1
12.6
99.5
46.5
53.0
33.3
43.5
25.1
127.8
54.8

360.7

265.5
37.2
25.8
10.1
72.2
32.8
39.4
22.7
30.8
16.9
92.5
38.7

254.0
33.8
23.5
9.4
69.9
31.5
38.4
22.3
28.4
15.4
90.2
38.6

266.8
37.0
25.4
10.2
72.9
32.6
40.3
23.0
33.8
19.9
89.9
37.9

271.0
37.2
25.4
10.4
74.9
34.4
40.5
23.2
34.2
19.7
91.1
37.9

261.9

See footnotes at end of table.




47

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats .
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ....
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool.
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yam and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339

See footnotes at end of table.

48




Production workers1

All employees
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

5,562
5,502
5,580
5,423
7,787
7,877
5,491
7,714
7,895
7,801
1,624.5 1,655.4 1,593.6 1,638.0 1,683.1 1,139.3 1,169.7 1,113.7 1,151.4 1,197.1
324.6
317.0 320.0 318.2
375.3 382.5
372.8 376.1
112.4
114.3
116.4
116.0
134.7
138.2
136.6
138.8
55.3
56.3
57.2
57.2
76.4
75.0
77.3
77.2
133.3
129.7
136.5
127.4
141.9
150.5
146.9
139.5
100.8
103.7
101.6
101.0
166.2
167.6
167.0
169.6
30.1
31.1
30.9
31.1
39.4
40.5
40.5
40.5
43.4
44.1
42.3
42.3
85.3
86.8
86.2
85.6
176.0
196.5
195.0 215.9
219.3
259.4
237.7
240.8
16.8
16.3
17.8
17.0
24.6
23.7
24.2
23.8
54.5
64.8
85.2
64.9
100.7
68.7
80.0
79.5
38.3
43.8
45.9
44.8
52.1
51.1
49.7
44.0
81.4
82.5
83.0
83.3
121.2
122.3
120.5
119.3
14.5
15.0
15.1
14.9
21.8
22.5
22.1
22.0
26.7
26.9
26.9
27.2
43.0
42.1
43.6
42.5
127.6
128.6
212.2 211.0 211.6
127.9
126.9
210.9
91.3
92.6
92.4
92.4
167.8
167.4
166.3
167.5
36.3
36.0
35.5
34.5
44.4
44.7
43.4
44.2
67.2
68.2
69.2
70.6
88.5
91.4
89.7
87.7
15.9
14.3
15.8
15.4
18.5
20.8
19.9
21.0
39.0
40.7
39.9
42.3
50.4
49.0
48.1
52.2
23.3
24.2
22.7
24.6
33.5
32.1
32.7
33.8
92.0
94.1
93.7
93.1
218.3
217.2
211.6 216.7
25.9
27.6
25.8
27.2
42.6
40.7
42.1
40.6
41.8
43.2
43.1
42.6
129.4
130.7
126.0
130.3
127.2
134.1
130.6
127.8
178.6
171.4
174.5
170.5
55.9
42.7

55.4
42.7

53.4
40.3

53.7
41.0

53.9

41.1
31.7

40.8
31.9

39.8
30.1

39.2
30.2

39.3

707.3
101.1
83.4
18.0
22.1
209.9
35.6
36.9
70.9
24.4
24.1
59.6
23.0
22.3
54.7
103.6
74.7
16.1
54.9

693.0
98.7
82.3
17.3
19.7
207.6
34.9
36.6
70.7
24.1
23.7
56.9
21.7
21.3
54.8
102.7
74.8
16.0
53.0

726.8
106.5
86.7
18.2
22.9
210.7
35.1
36.5
72.5
23.3
25.5
60.5
23.6
22.5
58.5
108.0
78.8
16.0
54.8

733.3
107.3
87.4
18.4
23.0
212.6
34.9
36.8
73.7
23.3
25.8
61.0
23.9
22.7
59.1
109.2
80.0
16.0
55J

723.2

612.0
90.7
74.3
15.1
19.0
182.7
31.6
33.1
62.0
20.1
21.0
50.3
19.7
18.3
45.0
92.2
67.4
14.0
42.7

597.5
88.3
73.4
14.4
16.8
180.3
30.9
32.8
62.0
19.8
20.4
47.4
18.2
17.3
45.0
91.0
67.5
13.9
40.9

631.4
96.1
77.5
15.0
19.9
185.1
31.4
32.8
64.6
19.7
22.
50.9
20.0
18.4
47.4
96.4
71.3
14.2
43.1

637.5
96.9
77.9
15.1
20.0
187.0
31
33.1
65.6
19.8
22.6
51.
20.3
18.4
48.0
97.8
72.5
14.
43.6

628.9

1,113.8 1,065.9 1,110.6 1,120.1 1,088.3
58.0
57.4
59.9
58.1
316.5
312.7
312.4 301.1
87.4
86.6
87.1
85.1
54.1
53.8
56.9
54.2
97.1
95.6
94.0
90.1
358.3 335.3 359.9 362.0
49.8
49.8
48.6
49.8
86.7
86.1
78.1
86.9
47.7
45.5
43.2
45.4
165.4
176.;
177.8
178.5

937.8
51.5
270.5
75.3
50.0
82.3
298.4
41.1
73.5
37.5
146.3

893.5
50.1
260.5
73.7
47.6
78.5
276.8
40.3
65.3
35.1
136.1

931.4
49.1
270.5
74.4
47.0
83.6
298.7
41.3
71.9
36.8
148.

941.;
49.5
273.5
74.9
47.2
84.9
301.6
41.
72.7
38.6
149.1

911.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

1972
SIC
Code

All employees
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

Production workers

June
1987P

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

60.4
50.5
9.9
46.8
20.3
35.7
155.4
21.6
43.9
32.7

60.8
51.1
9.7
48.6
20.9
35.2
156.7
21.8
43.8
33.3

678.0
-

517.4
152.4
132.6
41.1
170.9
36.4
20.6
39.6
153.0
34.0
79.0
19.4

510.6
149.1
129.6
40.9
169.9
36.3
20.1
39.5
150.7
33.0
77.8
19.5

511.8
146.1
127.0
39.6
173.0
36.8
20.7
41.2
153.1
33.8
78.2
20.5

519.2
148.4
129.5
40.2
175.1
38.3
20.8
41.3
155.5
34.2
79.4
20.9

515.7
-

1,456.2 1,454.2 1,495.7 1,499.6 1,499.0
461.2
458.4 457.6 459.2
121.3
120.2
115.2
114.9
115.2
114.3
109.6
109.7
84.7
85.1
81.5
81.3
29.6
30.1
28.4
28.1
78.0
77.0
71.9
71.1
527.7
527.9
504.4
506.2
168.4
167.2
160.5
160.9
332.3
331.8
318.9
319.3
49.3
48.4
48.1
49.8
73.9
74.5
72.6
72.9
53.0
51.2
52.9
50.8

819.1
170.2
42.2
60.4
37.8
22.6
38.4
368.0
117.6
229.8
34.8
58.8
38.1

815.7
169.7
42.1
60.5
38.1
22.4
38.2
366.2
117.3
229.1
34.4
58.3
38.3

837.8
169.6
43.6
62.2
38.5
23.7
41.3
380.7
120.4
238.0
33.7
59.3
39.4

839.7
169.9
44.5
61.6
38.5
23.1
41.7
380.8
120.9
237.8
33.5
59.7
39.6

836.2
-

1,030.3 1,027.9 1,019.5 1,033.1 1,031.6
134.0
132.9
136.2
137.2
88.6
90.3
87.8
91.2
167.5
164.7
167.8
168.1
76.9
75.7
74.8
75.5
61.4
60.9
62.6
63.1
209.4 212.8
208.3
208.4
167.7
169.5
165.8
165.7
153.4
149.6
147.8
147.9
41.9
41.7
42.6
42.9
40.5
39.7
39.7
39.9
71.0
68.0
65.5
65.3
63.2
63.9
64.1
64.3
152.6
155.4
151.6
155.0
29.5
29.3
30.4
30.5
122.3
123.1
124.5
125.0
54.4
54.3
55.3
55.8
94.5
92.8
93.7
93.9

574.3
70.3
49.8
113.7
45.8
45.8
96.5
75.6
94.0
27.1
21.5
45.4
31.3
81.6
20.1
61.5
34.2
52.7

571.3
69.3
49.2
113.0
45.7
45.3
96.0
75.1
94.1
27.5
21.2
45.4
31.3
82.0
20.0
62.0
33.0
52.6

571.4
68.6
49.2
108.9
44.3
43.0
96.2
75.9
94.5
26.3
21.8
46.4
31.0
84.6
19.4
65.2
35.2
52.4

580.8
68.5
49.2
110.9
45.6
43.5
97.9
76.5
98.0
26.4
22.2
49.4
31.7
85.8
19.5
66.3
34.3
53.7

577.1
-

108.5
79.9
21.7

108.6
79.8
22.0

108.4
79.5
22.4

110.2
80.6
22.9

111.1

74.9
60.8
14.1
60.1
24.4
40.8
176.4
24.8
48.3
36.5

73.3
59.4
13.9
56.2
23.4
42.4
189.9
26.9
52.0
39.0

73.9
60.1
13.8
58.3
24.0
41.8
190.4
26.7
51.8
39.5

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

680.9
198.5
173.9
54.0
231.3
58.1
26.6
50.6
197.1
42.7
104.6
22.9

674.3
195.1
170.5
53.8
230.7
58.1
26.0
50.5
194.7
41.7
103.3
23.0

675.0
192.0
168.0
52.8
232.9
58.1
26.8
52.2
197.3
42.7
103.4
23.9

683.5
195.4
171.4
53.7
234.7
59.5
26.9
52.3
199.7
43.1
104.7
24.2

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

29
291
295

July
1986

62.0
51.4
10.6
50.7
21.5
34.0
144.3
20.0
41.1
30.3

77.0
62.5
14.5
62.3
25.9
41.6
182.8
25.5
48.9
38.9

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

June
1986

63.9
53.2
10.7
52.8
22.7
34.7
150.6
20.4
41.7
32.8

234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

Chemicals and allied products
28
Industrial inorganic chemicals
281
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
2819
Plastics materials and synthetics
282
Plastics materials and resins
2821
2824
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
283
2834
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
284
Soap and other detergents
2841
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
2842,3
2844
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
285
Industrial organic chemicals
286
2865
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee ... 2861,9
Agricultural chemicals
287
Miscellaneous chemical products
289

July
1987P

172.5
132.7
28.1

172.1
132.1
28.4

165.3
125.0
29.0

167.3
126.1
29.6

167.8
-

See footnotes at end of table.




49

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic ....
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

15.1

15.0

79.5
469.5

145.4

124.8
12.1
75.6
31.7
27.6
7.8
15.1

115.4
11.2
70.2
29.4
25.3
7.2
14.0

125.8
11.6
75.5
30.9
28.2
8.0
15.4

127.0
11.4
77.6
31.9
29.2
8.0
14.7

122.0

5,392

5,351

4,273

4,320

4,433

4,474

4,432

3,129

3,157

3,113

269.0
90.2

213.4
90.6

272.7
91.6

260.7
92.2

32.3

31.7

28.9

29.2

21.9
103.0
570.5

21.6

99.0
557.3

21.0
103.2
590.7

21.0
103.7
595.3

31

151.7
14.5
90.0
39.9
31.5
10.8
18.9

141.4
13.5
83.9
37.2
28.9
10.3
17.6

150.1
14.0
87.6
38.2
32.0
11.1
18.7

151.0
13.9
89.8
39.2
33.0
11.1
17.5

5,184

5,243

5,349

3,052

3,016

40
4011

332.2
295.6

337.0
300.2

312.4
276.6

311.5
275.9

Local and interurban passenger transit.
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses

41
411
412
413
415

290.4
97.9
35.6
35.6
98.4

233.3
98.1
35.2
34.9
43.0

294.2
100.4
34.6

281.7
101.3
34.1
31.9
89.1

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals .
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

Water transportation
Local water transportation
Water transportation services

44
445
446

180.2
27.2
98.3

178.2
28.5
95.7

175.1
26.9
97.1

180.3
28.3
99.2

Transportation by air
Air transportation
Air transportation services .

45
451,2
458

568.4
502.1

597.0

602.9
533.7

66.3

578.1
510.9
67.

Pipe lines, except natural gas .

46

18.4

18.7

17.6

18.1

Transportation services.
Freight forwarding

47
471

284.3
62.8

284.1
63.9

299.9
70.2

302.5
71.1

Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

48

481
483
4832
4833

49
491
492

493
495

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment.
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Automotive parts and supplies
See footnotes at end of table.

50




50
501
5012
5013

623.6

79.3
465.7

303,4
306
307

Railroad transportation.
Class I railroads2

Communication and public utilities
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting
Television broadcasting

July
1987P

14.7
75.1
438.2

815.8
85.7
10.1

Transportation

June
1987P

15.0
79.1
450.4

810.9
85.8
10.2

Transportation and public utilities .

May
1987

630.4
62.0
8.3

774.7
87.0
9.8

317

July
1986

599.4
63.2
8.2

793.4
87.4
10.6

316

June
1986

617.0
63.6
8.9

30
301
302

311
314
3143
3144

July
1987P

31.9
102.1

806.4

1,199.0 1,206.3 1,244.6 1,270.4

1,377.6 1,386.9 1,432.7 1,459.4
1,282.7 1,289.8 1,332.1 1,357.7
97.1
100.6 101.7
94.9

528.7

633.6
61.4
8.2

1,119.2 1,124.7 1,160.6 1,185.4
85.0
81.6
84.0
79.8

68.3

2,227 2,220 2,235
2,13;
1,202.5 1,289.5 1,291. 1,295.8
889.5 892.1
803.9 891.8
237.8
237.1 237.0
238.6
114.1
113.
113.4
113.4
122.9
124.6
123.
125.

13.5

13.8

12.8

13.;

903.3
582.4
195.8

980.5
660.5
195.1

981.4
657.7
194.9

986.0
660.4
194.9

740.0
350.3
131.3
173.1
62.9

746.4
352.1
133.7
173.7
64.3

736.1
346.
131.7
168.1
67.5

745.8
349.7
134.6
169.9
68.3

2,238

929.
453.5
167.6
208.5
72.3

937.1
456.i
170.3
209.4
73.6

928.
453,
166.0
203.6
77.6

939.6
457.3
169.
205.8
78.5

5,740

5,764

5,768

5,809

5,819

4,603

4,629

4,614

4,653

3,374
433.8
110.5
291.5

3,400
432.9
110.
291.

3,401
434.3
111.3
291.8

3,422
436.9
111.6
293.3

3,429

2,680
348

2,706
347.9

2,691
347.9

2,711
350.6

4,664

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, TV and radios
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies ....
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Commercial machines and equipment
Construction and mining machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Professional equipment and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wines and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
Farm supplies

1972
SIC
Code

502
5021
5023
503
5031
5039
504
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
509
5093
51
511
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191

Retail trade

Production workers1

All employees
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

105.8
188.5
_
67.4
105.3
343.1
-

137.3
131.0
131.3
136.8
60.2
57.9
57.3
59.8
77.1
73.7
73.4
77.0
228.6 230.9 229.5 232.0
105.4
102.2
102.8
103.5
126.6
126.4
128.1
126.0
81.2
80.3
81.8
79.6
133.7
132.4
133.7
132.3
459.8 489.1 489.6 489.7
240.8
270.6 269.4 270.1
72.4
69.8
73.2
69.9
147.2
148.7
147.0
149.1
259.8 262.0 264.3
258.5
92.087.6
88.6
91.3
108.6
107.4
107.7
107.8
1,454 7 1,453.9 1,445.0 1,452.8
531.7
532.4 534.3
531.5
81.6
81.7
81.6
81.0
120.7
122.0
120.7
120.5
294.8 296.9
306.2 305.3
130.3
129.6
130.0
129.2
174.8
175.7
174.7
174.3
194.2
189.3
191.8
191.5
89.0
86.9
89.0
87.8
2,366
190.5
168.4
190.9
765.3
242.9
64.6
100.4
130.3
200.9
83.2
117.7
153.0
96.3
56.7
439.2
151.0

2,364
190.6
167.3
191.4
765.4
244.2
65.0
96.6
130.3
202.1
83.9
118.2
153.8
97.1
56.7
438.5
150.1

17,965 17,947

2,367
192.1
172.7
190.8
758.6
247.5
63.9
88.4
132.8
194.2
78.5
115.7
153.7
97.0
56.7
445.1
151.3

2,387
192.0
173.8
193.0
772.2
250.0
64.2
92.1
134.0
195.6
79.5
116.1
155.7
99.0
56.7
444.2
150.3

18,205 18,363
749.4
404.7
163.1

June
1986

July
1986

105.3
190.2
65.7
104.5
372.6
-

May
1987

110.0
189.1
65.9
103.1
372.1
-

June
1987P

110.3
192.0
67.8
104.2
372.9
-

_
_
_
211.2 213.3
206.9 208.3
1,160.9 1,160.1 1,138.8 1,144.8

2,390
-

153.5
-

151.7
-

152.8
-

154.9
-

1,923
154.7
140.1
142.2
650.7
_

1,923
155.0
139.2
143.9
650.5
-

1,923
156.6
143.5
142.6
641.2
-

1,942
156.6
144.3
144.5
653.4
-

94.3
155.7
126.5
355.9
-

94.7
156.5
127.6
354.9
-

96.7
151.7
126.7
360.9
-

98.5
152.8
128.6
360.6
-

18,351 16,006 15,984 16,193
612.3
329.4
135.6

607.9
332.2
134.6

617.8
334.0
135.2

16,330 16.30J
626.0
344.8
135.9

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

2,308.8 2,313.2 2,318.0 2,333.7 2,350.8 2,172.5 2,171.3 2,177.3 2,188.5
1,836.5 1,834.9 1,833.9 1,841.5
1,931.0 1,935.1 1,933.5 1,945.4
220.2 221.7
214.9 214.5
236.9
242.0 243.4
237.4
125.3
123.2
121.9
121.1
141.2
144.9
142.5
140.4

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioners
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
542
545
546

2,878.4 2,887.4 2,941.6 2,962.5 2,973.7 2,661.1 2,668.1 2,709.0 2,726.9
2,352.5 2,364.2 2,389.1 2,406.8
2,530.7 2,544.0 2,582.9 2,602.0
59.5
61.5
60.2
59.6
35.7
32.9
35.3
33.0
149.4
143.7
148.1
145.6
164.3
159.1
163.0
161.0

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

1,958.0 1,966.5 1,983.8 2,003.0 2,006.2 1,641.5 1,651.1 1,664.8 1,682.6
787.3 790.3 799.8 804.9
946.1 949.4 962.3 968.0
256.5
251.3 253.8 252.3
316.7
312.3
312.0 313.8
526.7 531.7 536.7
522.3
601.3 604.9 608.9 614.8

725.4
386.6
160.4

721.7
389.4
160.2

741.7
394.5
162.1

July
1987"

See footnotes at end of table.




51

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings .
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ....
Furniture and home furnishings stores .
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores
Radio and television stores
Music stores

1972
SIC
Code

56
561
562
565
566
57
571
5712
572
573

5732
5733

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

59
591
592
594
5941

5942
5943
5944
5947
5949
596
5961
5962
598

599

Finance, insurance, and real estate3
Finance .
Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks ,
State banks, Federal Reserve
State banks, not Federal Reserve ....
Mutual savings banks

60
602
6022
6023,4
603

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Federal savings and loan associations .
State associations, insured
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers

61
612
6122
6123
614
615

1,064.2 1,045.2 1,080.2 1,089.8
105.6 105.5 105.0
106.6
380.3 390.1 391.4
385.0
230.2 239.8 245.0
235.4
200.1 207.5 209.0
203.3

759.7
427.5
267.6
86.9
245.3
179.4

762.4
428.1
267.2
86.2
248.1
182.7

65.9

65.4

789.1
446.6
280.8
83.7
258.8
192.1
66.7

793.3
451.1
282.1
84.1
258.1
192.2
65.9

6,347

6,409

6,575

6,658

6,705

3,169

3,198

3,269

3,310

3,327

616

894.!
400.i
221.8
169.9
233.;
53.4
182.7

903.7
404.7
223.9
172.1
235.7
54.0
184.4

Security, commodity brokers, and services.
Security brokers and dealers

62
621

390.5
310.3

399.0
317.0

430.8
343.2

442.7
353.3

Holding and other investment offices .

67

193.0

197.8

208.8

210.3

1,946

1,963

2,035

2,045

Insurance
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance.
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance ..
Title insurance

63
631
632
633
636

Insurance agents, brokers, and service.

64




July
1986

May
1987

June
1987"

898.3
88.4
328.5
203.4
163.0

881.4
87.2
324.5
198.7
160.3

911.4
86.0
331.1
206.8
169.5

920.4
85.8
331.7
212.2
171.0

629.8
351.9

633.5
352.0

654.7
367.7

657.0
371.8

74.3
203.6

73.7
207.8

71.6
215.4

71.7
213.5

1,366.6 1,377.8 1,407
580.0

186.4
501.6
59.1

579.5

583.;
188.5
505.8

582.3
192.8
528.
61.3

1,413.1
584.4
192.7
532.5
60.8

585.;

627.5

632.0

604.1

604.5

610.8

607.8

229.6

227.2

228.9

228.5

88.0
294.8

86.8
294.4

92.1
308.2

92.0
295.0

4,703

4,761

4,844

4,903

1,277.2 1,284.1 1,249.5 1,260.2
1,147.4 1,153.6 1,117.4 1,130.1

1,751.0 1,758.8 1,734.9 1,753.3
1,579.0 1,585.5 1,557.9 1,571.1
340.8 343.1 343.8 346.5
377.6 379.2 374.7 379.6
95.9
86.5
83.3
83.8
842.6
380.7
211.3
161.6
228.2
52.0
156.7

52

June
1986

July
1987P

1,867.8 1,858.6 1,902.6 1,890.8
479.6 476.8 494.5 498.9

2,206.1 2,199.2 2,261.0 2,252.3
587.9
582.7
558.8
561.3
124.8
123.9
124.1
125.5
729.8
730.3
722.2
722.0
125.6
124.9
124.1
124.1
73.5
71.7
76.9
71.8
74.7
75.8
73.6
73.8
141.7
140.7
142.7
142.6
141.7
138.9
141.8
142.2
62.6
63.8
61.3
62.6
253.7
254.1
254.6 252.4
117.5
117.8
116.8
116.7
82.0
82.5
77.9
78.4
111.6
111.6
104.3
105.4
360.4
374.6
358.2
357.7

834.5
378.0
210.1
160.1
227.4
51.7
152.5

See footnotes at end of table.

July
1987P

6,064.5 6,051.5 6,089.5 6,178.8 6,153.5 5,523.0 5,511.9 5,555.0 5,637.7

Eating and drinking places .
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods .
Nonstore retailers
Mail order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

Production workers1

All employees

630.9
288.7

637.4
291.3

670.4
305.5

677.9
309.;

176.;

176.7

179.9

182.0

931.8
358.3
151.0
346.8

942.8
362.7
153.0
349.9

950.8
359.0
155.0
356.

953.8
358.7
155.1
360.1

2,056

4,942

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Real estate, and combined real estate, insurance, etc ...
Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

June
1986

1,232
65
651
653
655

July
1986

1,248

May
1987

1,271

June
1987P

1,303

July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

1,322

12.9

12.4

12.3

23,280 23,402 24,121 24,267 24,350 20,465 20,568 21,144 21,268 21,329

Services
Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

70
701

1,479.5 1,539.3 1,450.0 1,517.2
1,428.7 1,460.1 1,413.3 1,464.0

Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories

72
721
722
723
726

1,101.4 1,091.2 1,141.1 1,140.7
389.4 387.8 405.6 409.4
56.7
55.6
58.8
59.8
348.6 348.2 351.6 351.7
77.5
79.1
79.1
77.1

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Temporary help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming and software
Data processing services

73
731
7311
732
733
734
736
7361
7362
737
7372
7374

4,789.5 4,831.2 5,067.6 5,105.3 5,137.2 4,119.7 4,158.9 4,346.8 4,381.3
148.8
202.5 202.2
199.1
149.8
148.3
199.4
150.0
149.6
149.3
146.4
146.5
99.7
100.0
106.3
105.2
193.3
194.5 204.4
204.1
689.9 691.2 697.6 697.1
622.4 625.0 632.8 632.3
1,006.8 1,035.7 1,170.2 1,186.9
183.8
153.1
151.6
181.7
944.2
800.4 827.8 932.3
596.0 629.8 634.8
475.7 478.0 494.0 498.4
591.0
219.5 232.8 237.3
217.2
279.2 296.2 297.3
276.0

739
7391
7392
7393
7394
7395

1,997.7 2,003.0 2,051.9 2,067.9
191.7
193.9
196.8
199.2
552.6 554.7
570.3
573.4
443.1 447.1 450.1 451.0
211.1
211.6 216.6 221.9
80.2
79.7
78.5
79.7

Miscellaneous business services
Research development laboratories, nee
Management and public relations
Detective and protective services
Equipment rental and leasing
Photofinishing laboratories
Auto repair, services, and garages
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Automotive repair shops

July
1987P

1,219.2 1,234.6 1,258.6 1,290.3
535.7
532.9 539.0 526.0
491.8 499.5 521.0 538.5
179.0
165.3
175.2
164.6
12.9

Combined real estate, insurance, etc

Production workers1

All employees

75
751
753

767.1
164.4
457.7

771.2
165.0
462.6

794.8
174.5
470.2

804.5
178.9
477.5

1,286.0 1,316.1 1,264.5 1,314.3
347.0

344.9

361.1

364.8

315.0

315.4

317.8

316.8

642.8

647.1

662.6

669.6

381.1

385.6

387.4

393.3

265.5

267.8
193.5
85.2

Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops

76
762

321.0
103.8

322.0
105.5

318.7
103.5

321.3
104.8

267.0

268.4

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters

78
781
783

225.0
97.1
115.7

232.9
103.1
117.9

231.6
115.0
103.8

229.6
106.5
110.2

190.9
79.1

196.8
83.3

196.2
94.2

Amusement and recreation services

79

1,050.5 1,093.6 1,034.2 1,138.0

946.5

989.4

903.0 1,000.4

Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Outpatient care facilities

80
801
802
805
8051
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808

6,559.5
995.5
462.0
1,252.4
837.1
415.3
3,038.0
2,844.1
65.5
128.4
129.0
248.5

6,597.8
1,003.4
462.2
1,262.3
843.7
418.6
3,052.8
2,857.2
65.8
129.8
129.8
251.0

6,815.4
1,060.3
475.4
1,289.5
859.4
430.1
3,120.7
2,920.8
67.2
132.7
138.9
267.6

6,878.5 6,918.7 5,832.2 5,865.4 6,057.7 6,118.2
824.4 830.6 874.2 884.7
1,070.4
407.5 407.9 419.3 423.9
481.0
1,132.0 1,140.8 1,164.5 1,175.3
1,300.2
866.7
433.5
3,149.7
2,768.2 2,781.3 2,846.1 2,874.2
2,947.8
68.0
133.9
141.0
268.7

See footnotes at end of table.




53

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Legal services

1972
SIC
Code

81

Production workers1

All employees
June
1986

760.1

July
1986

767.2

May
1987

781.4

June
1987P

807.6

Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Correspondence and vocational schools .

82
821
822
824

1,302.2 1,216.9 1,459.4 1,281.4
352.7 315.1 373.9 351.5
801.3 749.5 930.7 777.9
67.9
72.5
69.9
69.6

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Residential care

83
832
833
836

1,444.2 1,444.0 1,545.5 1,513.8
284.3 292.8 311.7 310.7
260.9 271.9 263.2 270.5
321.9 322.1 335.0 339.3

Museums, botanical and zoological gardens .

84

Membership organizations
Business associations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations .

86
861
863
864

1,554.1 1,558.0 1,536.5 1,556.7
91.4
94.5
92.3
91.5
134.3 129.8 131.7 133.1
365.4 386.9 351.1 365.3

Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ..
Noncommercial research organizations.
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .

89
891
892
893

1,262.8 1,273.5 1,295.7 1,310.4
694.8
696.2 708.7
688.2
129.5
128.5 130.8
127.5
423.5
444.6 444.2
421.8

Government.

48.1

16,716
4

Federal Government .

2,918

4

State government
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions




643.3

July
1986

649.7

May
1987

656.8

June
1987P

July
1987P

680.5

52.6

1,034.3 1,041.8 1,053.4 1,068.0
585.8
598.3
582.6 588.4
331.1

330.5

345.4

345.0

15,811 17,362 17,105 16,277
2,918

2,947

2,979

2,984

788.4

792.1

813.6

1,083.3 1,079.7 1,094.3
37.8
37.7
37.7
19.4
18.5
18.5

3731

125.1
75.2

124.3
74.7

125.2
76.5

124.5
76.8

806

39.0
412.3
247.4

38.8
414.6
248.1

40.0
412.2
251.4

39.3
415.9
254.7

806
82

3,825
3,773 3,673 4,002
448.3 450.9
440.7 444.7
1,412.7 1,293.0 1,645.3 1,438.3

3,738

1,345.6 1,358.3 1,338.8 1,355.5

806
82

9,220 10,413 10,301
497.1
490.0
493.7
608.4
617.2 622.5
5,502.1 4,522.8 5,945.3 5,677.6
10,025
494.9
606.0

9,555

3,086.9 3,219.1 3,030.7 3,154.1

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the
nonsupervisory count for all series in this division.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to

54

51.2

June
1986

2,861.4 2,862.0 2,889.8
989.7 990.2 981.9

Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial
Federal government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Shipbuilding and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

48.8

July
1987P

civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and
the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1986 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Apr.
1986

May
1986

Mar.
1987

Apr.
1987

May
1987

45,316

45,635

46,716

47,036

47,264

36,708

37,008

37,807

38,110

38,352

6,762

6,783

6,803

6,828

6,854

Mining

111

108

97

97

97

Construction

492

500

515

525

532

6,159

6,175

6,191

6,206

6,225

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ..
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,981
108
155
112
101
319
454
883
377
306
167

2,986
110
154
113
101
320
452
885
377
305
167

2,975
115
158
112
100
320
444
869
391
299
167

2,978
116
158
113
100
322
446
866
390
299
168

2,984
118
159
114
100
323
446
866
390
299
169

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,178
475

19
339
895
162
614
285
27
272
91

3,189
484
18
342
893
163
614
285
26
272
90

3,216
488
18
349
882
164
636
290
24
279
86

3,228
488
17
350
885
164
642
290
24
281
88

3,241
494
17
352
887
165
641
292
24
281
89

38,554

38,852

39,913

40,208

40,410

Transportation and public utilities...

1,480

1,493

1,511

1,520

1,530

Wholesale trade

1,660

1,670

1,685

1,688

1,688

Retail trade

9,166

9,317

9,334

9,482

9,600

Finance, insurance, and real estate

3,838

3,872

4,052

4,079

4,100

13,802

13,873

14,422

14,513

14,580

8,608
1,036
1,891
5,681

8,627
1,037
1,868
5,722

8,909
1,038
1,945
5,926

8,926
1,043
1,949
5,934

8,912
1,050
1,925
5,937

Industry

Total
Total private
Goods-producing

Manufacturing

Service-producing

Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are




introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1986 forward are subject to
revision.

55

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1987

1986
Industry
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

102,115

84,769

85,008

24,759

24,752

24,775

24,849

729
416

735
420

737
425

742
430

5,032
1,291

5,019
1,272

4,999
1,267

5,010
1,266

5,009
1,267

18,986

18,995

19,011

19,018

19,028

19,098

11,179
733
501
588
733
261
1,419
2,018
2,106
2,022
859
695
364

11,176
734
502
586

11,175
736
504
586
743
272

11,175
738
509
584
742
272
1,420
2,025
2,087
2,011
843
693
366

11,179
736
510
582
746
275
1,423
2,030
2,080
2,012
843
693
367

11,194
743

7,799
1,628
58
718
1,106
678
1,479
1,018
164
803
147

7,807
1,630
58
722
1,101
679
1,483
1,018
164
805
147

7,819
1,635
57
725
1,103
678
1,485

7,849
1,633
57
730
1,108
676
1,498
1,025
164
809
149

7,904
1,645

149

7,843
1,633
57
727
1,107
677
1,497
1,022
164
809
150

00,919 101,150

01,329

101,598

83,125

83,241

83,337

83,515

83,643

83,983

84,215

84,352

84,560

Goods-producing .

24,628

24,639

24,620

24,611

24,630

24,630

24,708

24,743

24,749

764
439

748
428

739
419

735
416

730
412

724
406

718
405

719
406

722
408

4,924
1,290

4,946
1,295

4,948
1,291

4,942
1,289

4,946
1,289

4,936
1,277

5,034
1,311

5,038
1,309

18,940

18,945

18,933

18,934

18,954

18,970

18,956

11,199
704
497
584
745
278
1,423
2,056

11,206
712

11,181

11,169
718

499

2,124
2,004

2,123

499
584
732
260
1,424
2,031
2,118

581
733
262
1,421
2,022
2,120

2,016
861
703
360

2,015

2,013

857
703

850
702
360

11,174
723
499
582
733
260
1,419
2,015
2,119
2,023
858
700
361

11,175
728
499
584
733
259
1,422
2,011
2,118
2,018
853
698
364

11,157
731
500
586
726
254
1,422
2,007
2,111
2,014
851
697
363

7,739
1,616
58
707
1,102
671

7,752
1,619
58
707

1,462
1,021

1,465

7,795
1,631
58
715
1,110
679
1,474
1,017
163
800
148

Construction
General building contractors .
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

848
703

359
7,741
1,619

584
735

265
1,423
2,051

716

359

499

7,765
1,621

July?

84,677

99,772 100,039 100,209 100,415 100,567

82,991

Mining
Oil and gas extraction .

JuneP

101,708 101,811

99,601

Total private ...

Total.

May

739
266
1,419
2,015

2,099
2,022
854
694

366

1,423
2,022
2,092
2,011
847

694
364
7,836
1,642
56
724
1,104
677
1,493
1,018
164
809

519
582
748
275
1,426
2,037
2,087
1,987
805

695
370

168
783
149

168

167

709
1,104
677
1,469
1,020
166

786
148

791
147

794
147

7,780
1,627
59
714
1,101
678
1,472
1,020
165
797
147

74,973

75,133

75,419

75,598

75,785

75,937

76,211

76,407

76,580

76,839

76,956

77,036

77,266

Transportation and public utilities .
Transportation
Communication and public utilities ..

5,237
3,029
2,208

5,202
3,035
2,167

5,255
3,050
2,205

5,251
3,053
2,198

5,278
3,071
2,207

5,286
3,078
2,208

5,304
3,089
2,215

5,315
3,097
2,218

5,333
3,112
2,221

5,348
3,124
2,224

5,344
3,120
2,224

5,351
3,129
2,222

5,344
3,126
2,218

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods .

5,735
3,385
2,350

5,736
3,382
2,354

5,736
3,383
2,353

5,731
3,379
2,352

5,728
3,380
2,348

5,725
3,383
2,342

5,741
3,386
2,355

5,757
3,391
2,366

5,766
3,397
2,369

5,772
3,397
2,375

5,775
3,401
2,374

5,780
3,405
2,375

5,790
3,412
2,378

17,866
2,367
2,882
1,943
5,887

17,913
2,371
2,889
1,949
5,904

17,939
2,374
2,892
1,958
5,911

17,980
2,385
2,901
1,960
5,919

18,009
2,379
2,906
1,963
5,927

18,007
2,363
2,916
1,970
5,938

18,080
2,358
2,929
1,978
5,946

18,140
2,373
2,940
1,979
5,956

18,136
2,380
2,944
1,979
5,964

18,197
2,385
2,953
1,978
5,962

18,205
2,390
2,956
1,978
5,976

18,217
2,386
2,960
1,981
5,981

18,278
2,406
2,968
1,982
5,986

6,323
3,167
1,952
1,204

6,351
3,183
1,961
1,207

6,374
3,193
1,971
1,210

6,395
3,204
1,980
1,211

6,418
3,212
1,990
1,216

6,451
3,227
1,999
1,225

6,480
3,235
2,012
1,233

6,501
3,243
2,016
1,242

6,526
3,256
2,022
1,248

6,558
3,272
2,032
1,254

6,576
3,276
2,037
1,263

6,595
3,287
2,039
1,269

6,614
3,294
2,044
1,276

Services
Business services ...
Health services

23,202
4,798
6,563

23,284
4,815
6,594

23,317
4,835
6,615

23,369
4,861
6,644

23,452
4,877
6,661

23,544
4,912
6,691

23,670
4,950
6,721

23,759
4,984
6,748

23,842
5,020
6,773

23,926
5,044
6,800

24,025
5,083
6,822

24,051
5,085
6,851

24,133
5,101
6,884

Government.
Federal
State
Local

16,610
2,872
3,881
9,857

16,647
2,882
3,881
9,884

16,798
2,902
3,890
10,006

16,872
2,897
3,907
10,068

16,900
2,900
3,915
10,085

16,924
2,904
3,927
10,093

16,936
2,912
3,929
10,095

16,935
2,916
3,927

16,977
2,922
3,930
10,125

17,038
2,933
3,943

17,031
2,935
3,947
10,149

17,042
2,938
3,935
10,169

17,107
2,937
3,951

Service-producing .

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

p

59
706
1,103
673
1,459

1,022

1,102
675
1,021

58

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1986

56




10,092

1,017
164
807
148

10,162

58
736
1,127
677

1,504
1,025
164
815

153

10,219

benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally
adjusted data from January 1983 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1986

1987

Industry
May
Total
Total private

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

45,392 45,453 45,661 45,801 45,960 46,111 46,229 46,358 46,517 46,654 46,766 46,937 46,999
37,006 37,055 37,258 37,382 37,436 37,547 37,653 37,767 37,909 38,057 38,133 38,271 38,337

6,796

6,783

6,797

6,796

6,800

6,813

6,826

6,842

6,838

6,843

6,846

6,863

6,869

Mining

108

107

105

103

101

100

99

98

97

97

96

97

97

Construction

501

502

507

508

511

513

516

519

522

524

526

530

533

6,187

6,174

6,185

6,185

6,188

6,200

6,211

6,225

6,219

6,222

6,224

6,236

6,239

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment.
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,981
109
155
113
100
319
451
885
377
305
167

2,968
110
155
114
99
320
449
872
378
304
167

2,975
111
155
113
99
319
448
885
378
303
164

2,979
112
155
113
99
320
445
886
381
303
165

2,979
112
155
113
100
320
443
885
382
303
166

2,981
113
155
112
100
320
443
886
384
302
166

2,983
113
155
112
100
321
442
885
387
301
167

2,985
115
155
113
99
321
441
884
389
301
167

2,979
115
156
114
99
320
440
880
388
300
167

2,983
117
156
113
100
320
441
876
392
300
168

2,978
117
157
113
100
320
441
870
392
299
169

2,980
117
157
114
100
322
444
868
391
299
168

2,980
118
159
114
99
322
444
866
390
299
169

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,206
505
20
342
888
163
614
286
26
272
90

3,206
507
20
342
884
163
617
287
26
272
88

3,210
506
20
345
887
163
620
287
26
269
87

3,206
504
19
345
883
163
621
287
26
271
87

3,209
505
20
344
882
164
623
287
25
272
87

3,219
508
19
345
883
164
626
288
25
275
86

3,228
513
20
347
881
165
628
288
25
275
86

3,240
514
19
349
889
165
629
287
25
276
87

3,240
514
19
349
883
165
632
289
24
278
87

3,239
514
19
350
878
165
634
290
24
278
87

3,246
517
19
352
878
165
636
290
24
278
87

3,256
518
18
351
880
165
640
291
24
281
88

3,259
515
19
351
883
165
641
292
24
280
89

Goods-producing

Manufacturing

Service-producing

38,596 38,670 38,864 39,005 39,160 39,298 39,403 39,516 39,679 39,811 39,920 40,074 40,130

Transportation and public utilities ....

1,488

1,441

1,481

1,465

1,486

1,487

1,496

1,501

1,507

1,510

1,517

1,520

1,524

Wholesale trade

1,676

1,665

1,672

1,675

1,675

1,673

1,673

1,675

1,682

1,691

1,695

1,695

1,693

Retail trade

9,350

9,373

9,403

9,452

9,456

9,484

9,501

9,504

9,547

9,607

9,603

9,636

9,629

Finance, insurance, and real estate .

3,873

3,898

3,922

3,944

3,961

3,978

3,996

4,016

4,036

4,053

4,064

4,087

4,100

13,823

13,895

14,058 14,112

14,161

14,408 14,470

14,522

8,386
1,032
1,840
5,514

8,398
1,023
1,845
5,530

Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

13,983 14,050
8,403
1,019
1,849
5,535

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all




8,419
1,024
1,850
5,545

8,524
1,033
1,852
5,639

8,564
1,032
1,861
5,671

8,576
1,033
1,865
5,678

14,229 14,299 14,353
8,591
1,035
1,869
5,687

8,608
1,037
1,878
5,693

8,597
1,038
1,871
5,688

8,633
1,041
1,883
5,709

8,666
1,043
1,890
5,733

8,662
1,045
1,897
5,720

seasonally adjusted data from January 1983 forward are subject to revision.

57

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1987

1986
Industry
July
Total private.
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Aug.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Junep

July"

67,123 67,254 67,348 67,411 67,570 67,665 67,939 68,149 68,263 68,419 68,488 68,562 68,755
17,379

17,380

17,375

17,360

510

504

508

511

518

525

526

530

3,877

3,867

3,943

3,955

3,944

3,918

3,889

3,894

3,895

12,849

12,879

12,906

12,884

12,916

12,925

12,939

12,946

7,382
601
399
450
546

7,369
603
399

7,385

7,393
611
398

7,406
617
403
453

7,409

195
1,052
1,203
1,226
1,261

197

382
262

1,050
1,195
1,226
1,261
652
380
261

449
547
194
1,049

7,398
614
400
454
547
194

7,399

448
546

263

379
267

7,370
611
400
452
540
188
1,051
1,183
1,226
1,265
659
377
265

1,051
1,190
1,223
1,276
668
377
266

1,051
1,190
1,218
1,273
663
376
268

5,469
1,138
44
612
928
512
824
569
105
616
121

5,480
1,139
44
615
929
514
827
568
105
618
121

5,494
1,146
45
619
927
515
828
568
105
620
121

5,513
1,149
44
621
937
517
830
566
105
622
122

5,514
1,147
44
624
931
515
833
568
106
623
123

5,518
1,150
44
627
925
516
833
569
106
625
123

5,526
1,154
44
630
926
515
832
570
106
626
123

17,265

17,252

17,238

534

524

518

516

514

3,861

3,884

3,883

3,873

12,857 12,851

12,843
7,386

7,399

590
397
450
559
214

598

649
380
262

201
1,051
1,221
1,229
1,261
660
381
262

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

5,457
1,137
45
610
929
510
821
569
106
608
122

5,458
1,135
43
612
928
508
822
570
106
612
122

1,048
1,224
1,228
1,248

398
449
549

17,387 17,453

17,331

17,238

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Service-producing

Sept.

659

17,270 17,283

607
398

1,190
1,230
1,273
663

379

451
547
193
1,052
1,187
1,234

1,267
658

615
402
453
553

199

618
407
452
557
205
1,050

12,967 13,028

7,423
615
407

7,432
622
416

451
561
207
1,054

449

1,203

1,210

1,215

1,213

1,265
657
376
266

1,265
655
375
267

1,267
376
269

562
206
1,059
1,218
1,223
1,235
620
378
270

5,533
1,158
43
628
929
514
832
569
106
629
125

5,537
1,153
44
631
927
513
836
572
107
629
125

5,544
1,149
42
634
930
513
839
575
108
629
125

5,596
1,163
43
642
947
515
841
575
108
633
129

559
205
1,053
1,198
1,216

658

49,885 49,989 50,096 50,173 50,300 50,382 50,608 50,770 50,883 51,044 51,128 51,175 51,302

Transportation and public utilities .

4,318

4,290

4,344

4,342

4,368

4,380

4,389

4,401

4,419

4,428

4,429

4,438

4,432

Wholesale trade

4,601

4,602

4,598

4,590

4,586

4,583

4,600

4,611

4,617

4,622

4,623

4,630

4,636

15,911 15,953 15,977

16,013

4,699

4,726

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

4,679

4,712

20,376 20,445 20,465 20,50;

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.

58




16,035 16,030 16,097 16,141 16,132 16,189 16,193 16,184 16,240
4,743

4,767

20,568 20,62;
p

4,786

4,806

4,823

4,840

4,844

4,845

4,855

20,736 20,811 20,892 20,965 21,039 21,078 21,139

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
seasonally adjusted data from January 1983 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
INDEXES OF DIFFUSION
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-7. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased, seasonally adjusted

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Over
1 -month
span

1985
1986
1987

55.9
53.2
53.5

47.0
48.1
56.8

52.4
48.1
58.6

47.3
53.5
58.4

53.2
52.4
58.6

Over
3-month
span

1985
1986
1987

51.1
49.7
58.6

48.4
44.9
59.5

42.4
45.7
61.1

46.5
48.4
61.6

Over
6-month
span

1985
1986
1987

46.5
47.6
61.9

46.5
47.6
62.7

Over
12-month
span

1985
1986
1987

44.6
43.2
63.0

44.1
44.1

Time
span

p

p

43.2
43.0
60.3
43.8
46.2

P

P

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

P

53.8
52.4
66.2

53.8
56.2

47.8
55.1

53.2
53.2

54.3
59.7

57.3
59.7

P

49.7
45.4
65.7

47.0
48.4

48.6
55.1

45.9
55.9

47.6
58.1

55.1
58.6

56.5
60.3

45.9
58.9

46.8
46.8
58.6

P

44.3
43.2
68.9

44.3
45.4

45.1
48.4

43.0
47.3

44.3
53.0

49.2
59.2

49.2
58.9

47.3
57.8

40.8
45.7

41.6
47.8

41.6
49.5

42.2
49.5

42.4
51.6

43.8
54.9

44.3
52.2

44.1
55.1

Based on the number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,
3, and 6 month spans, on the payrolls of 185 private nonagricultural
industries. Data for the 12-month span are unadjusted.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment




44.3
47.6
62.4

July

June

P

42.4
58.1

rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.)
Data are centered within the spans. Establishment survey estimates
are currently projected from March 1986 benchmark levels. When
more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted
data from January 1983 forward are subject to revision.

59

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area
June
1986

June
1986

May
1987

1,465.3
381.2
118.0
159.9
121.7
54.7

1,486.3
391.1
120.4
159.3
124.1
57.8

1,489.7
392.7
121.4
159.6
123.3
56.6

12.3
6.2
.1
.6
.1
2.7

11.3
6.0
.1
.4
.1
2.4

11.3
5.9
.1
.4
.1
2.4

75.4
23.4
4.9
10.7
9.2
2.9

76.7
24.9
5.2
9.0
9.7
3.1

228.1

217.2

218.6

8.6

8.3

8.2

14.9

12.0

13.3

1,327.3
879.2
239.1

1,373.7
904.8
244.5

1,351.5
892.9
241.0

10.9
.6
1.6

11.0
.6
1.6

11.1
.6
1.7

117.0
81.4
22.5

105.3
70.8
21.2

105.3
70.4
21.4

814.4
43.8
72.6
225.2
33.9

837.3
46.6
74.4
228.7
32.0

834.2
46.2
74.6
226.7
32.1

4.0

37.2
1.9
3.0
11.5
3.8

35.4
2.0
2.9
11.9
1.7

36.7
2.1
2.9
12.1
1.7

11,303.1
1,049.0
155.5
195.9
3,912.5
98.4
791.5
194.4
563.7
520.2
103.8
823.4
921.1
770.8
145.0
118.9
135.3
122.9

11,606.4
1,086.4
157.3
204.6
4,006.1
100.9
816.9
200.6
595.6
540.6
106.4
854.1
934.4
771.5
146.6
122.4
139.6
126.1

11,671.8
1,094.7
158.3
204.0
4,019.5
102.1
821.3
201.9
599.4
544.1
107.6
857.8
936.8
774.4
147.3
123.5
139.8
127.6

40.3
2.3
12.3
.6
10.6
.1
2.5
3.0
1.2
.8
.5
.8
1.1
.2
1.3
.6
.1
.3

39.0
2.0
12.0
.7
10.4
.1
2.4
2.5
1.3
.7
.5
.8
1.1
.2
1.4
.6
.1
.3

39.3
2.0
12.0
.7
10.5
.1
2.5
2.5
1.3
.7

529.2
53.4
9.7
11.9
128.2
6.2
45.7
10.6
45.2
32.1
4.2
51.6
33.6
31.7
6.5
8.2
8.7
7.9

555.6
57.3
9.7
12.7
133.8
6.4
47.6
11.5
49.8
32.8
4.3
57.9
33.4
30.5
6.2
8.5
8.9
8.7

569.4
58.8
10.1
12.7
135.0
6.6
49.0
11.7
51.8
33.5
4.5
58.2
34.3
31.4
6.4
8.8
9.2
8.7

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,416.0
103.7
815.8

1,402.6
105.0
809.2

1,407.4
104.5
810.7

27.7
.3
17.7

23.8
.3
15.8

23.8

79.0
4.4
43.3

72.5
3.7
40.4

74.1
3.8
40.7

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

1,618.8
194.3
464.0
65.9
246.3
124.3
85.2

1,648.8
198.4
476.5
66.0
251.6
126.5
86.9

1,662.8
200.0
480.3
66.4
253.5
128.1
88.3

1.7

1.7

73.3
8.0
18.9
3.9
12.4
5.3
4.1

73.6
8.7
20.0
4.3
13.3
5.4
4.4

75.3
8.9
19.9
4.5
13.6
5.6
4.6

308.5
264.3

315.5
273.2

318.3
273.9

.1
.2

.1
.2

.1
.2

20.8
19.7

19.4
17.9

19.7
18.2

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

639.2
1,997.4

646.5
2,043.0

648.9
2,054.0

.1
1.1

.1
1.0

.1
1.0

14.0
124.8

13.9
125.0

14.1
127.2

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota

4,564.0
106.5
440.2
99.2
87.6
373.3
132.3
139.0
798.0
444.8
122.1
96.9
100.9
758.2
295.0

4,796.2
110.8
453.5
109.7
92.4
388.0
142.2
139.0
808.3
474.2
122.8
101.1
107.5
782.3
318.6

4,787.1
111.1
453.0
110.0
90.8
389.1
141.8
140.1
808.1
478.1
123.9
100.6
106.2
780.7
316.9

9.9

341.2
7.6
37.1
11.8
4.9
28.3
8.3
9.2
40.2
33.9
10.3
9.9
5.3
61.3
26.9

339.6
8.2
36.2
12.7
4.3
27.9
9.3
7.9
38.3
33.8
10.2
9.9
5.9
63.0
30.0

340.6
8.0
36.6
12.7
4.3
28.3
9.4
8.3
38.9
34.0
10.3
9.8
6.0
63.5
30.4

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

,

Delaware
Wilmington

Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
See footnotes at end of table.

60




June
1987P

4.2
(1)

4.0
(1)

(1)
(1)

0

(1)

.4

0

9.9

9.2

O

.5
3.9
1

()
.9

0

.4

0)

.4
4.8

.4
4.8
1

()
.9

.9

O
.3

.3
(1)
(1)

.4
(1)
(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)
(1)

(1)
0)

.7

.7

0)

!c

(1)

(1)

(1)
(1)

.4
(1)

O

(1)

1.7

.3
.6

.3
.6

0)

15.8

.4

.3
(1)

c

.8
1.1
.2
1.4
.6
.1
.5

(1)

(1)

(1)

1.0
.4

1.0
.4

.9
.4
(1)

(1)

June
1987*

May
1987

June
1986

.7
(1)

May
1987

June
1987*
78.3
25.5
5.3
8.8
9.6
3.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987*

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

362.7
55.5
31.4
26.7
17.7
8.9

356.9
53.0
30.4
26.4
17.6
9.3

359.0
53.0
30.6
26.8
17.6
9.4

71.2
27.1
2.7
9.3
4.7
2.0

71.7
28.0
2.7
9.1
4.7
2.1

72.3
28.1
2.7
9.3
4.7
2.1

319.3
95.1
22.2
43.3
27.3
11.4

329.0
99.0
23.0
44.6
28.1
11.9

330.5
99.6
23.2
44.7
28.0
12.0

14.6

13.7

14.8

19.3

18.0

18.9

46.1

42.0

42.8

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

183.1
130.5
32.0

183.9
133.1
30.5

184.3
133.5
30.4

65.8
43.6
9.5

69.3
46.5
9.9

69.8
46.8
9.9

323.5
220.5
54.1

332.6
227.5
54.6

330.9
226.7
54.2

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

212.8
10.0
24.9
31.9
5.9

216.3
10.7
25.7
31.8
6.3

218.0
10.8
25.9
31.7
6.4

47.8
3.9
3.5
14.7
2.8

49.9
4.2
3.7
14.9
2.8

50.5
4.3
3.8
14.9
2.8

186.3
10.6
15.9
55.0
6.7

191.6
11.0
15.2
55.6
6.4

192.8
11.0
15.1
55.9
6.4

2,066.8
243.6
10.0
20.4
882.6
22.0
101.5
28.9
74.0
37.9
9.9
122.5
78.1
267.5
24.3
17.8
21.1
12.5

2,072.0
244.4
10.3
20.7
894.8
21.0
103.3
29.1
78.6
39.3
10.2
120.1
76.6
258.4
22.9
18.0
22.0
12.0

2,082.0
245.4
10.4
21.1
896.8
22.0
103.7
29.3
78.7
39.8
10.3
120.5
76.5
259.9
22.9
18.1
22.1
12.6

571.1
34.0
8.1
10.3
200.9
4.2
53.7
9.4
30.8
23.3
4.9
32.1
79.0
20.7
5.3
5.4
8.7
4.5

585.6
34.8
8.3
10.4
204.4
4.2
55.7
10.6
31.7
24.3
4.9
32.8
79.0
21.2
5.2
5.9
8.5
4.5

589.5
35.2
8.6
10.5
205.5
4.2
55.9
10.5
32.1
24.6
5.0
32.9
79.2
21.3
5.2
5.9
8.6
4.5

2,705.6
260.5
40.0
50.6
923.1
24.2
198.7
49.1
140.7
126.6
27.5
196.2
210.9
149.4
34.0
30.9
31.9
29.3

2,781.9
274.8
40.3
52.3
941.7
25.9
204.5
50.9
146.8
130.5
27.6
203.4
217.5
152.6
35.0
32.1
32.4
30.9

2,808.4
277.1
40.5
53.1
948.9
25.9
206.1
51.4
148.7
132.0
28.1
204.5
218.6
153.6
35.2
32.4
32.6
31.2

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

186.1
28.2
97.4

182.7
28.3
94.6

184.1
28.3
94.9

87.6
2.3
62.1

89.1
2.2
64.1

89.4
2.2
64.5

353.4
22.9
207.4

347.6
22.9
203.6

347.2
23.2
202.2

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

399.4
60.6
93.0
22.8
47.6
25.7
26.0

392.5
60.5
94.4
20.6
47.1
24.6
24.6

394.0
61.0
94.7
20.6
47.2
24.5
24.8

70.4
7.5
17.2
3.2
18.1
5.0
3.2

72.2
7.5
17.6
3.3
18.3
5.0
3.2

72.8
7.6
17.8
3.2
18.4
5.1
3.2

360.5
44.6
98.0
13.1
56.8
29.4
16.6

371.8
45.5
100.0
13.6
58.4
30.3
17.1

377.4
45.9
101.7
13.9
59.4
30.8
17.4

Delaware
Wilmington

68.5
58.1

69.0
59.0

69.8
59.2

13.0
14.1

12.9
14.1

13.1
14.2

70.3
55.6

71.3
57.8

72.4
58.4

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

15.5
86.1

15.6
84.2

15.7
84.8

24.1
89.4

24.8
98.5

24.9
99.5

63.7
403.2

64.4
413.4

64.4
414.8

515.7
12.1
43.2
5.1
5.3
37.5
20.3
27.9
93.9
51.0
11.3
7.9
4.4
90.1
36.4

524.7
12.9
44.1
5.7
5.6
38.0
21.6
27.2
92.8
53.4
11.2
8.5
4.7
88.8
35.9

524.9
12.9
44.6
5.7
5.6
38.2
21.6
27.3
92.9
53.6
11.2
8.4
4.9
88.5
36.1

238.1
3.3
20.3
4.6
1.7
26.0
6.0
5.6
66.6
22.3
6.0
3.6
2.9
37.5
10.4

249.3
3.3
22.2
5.1
1.7
27.7
6.1
5.5
66.0
24.9
6.4
3.5
3.0
37.2
11.5

249.6
3.3
22.3
5.1
1.7
28.0
6.1
5.5
66.2
24.9
6.5
3.5
2.9
37.2
11.5

1,226.6
31.1
129.8
29.0
19.4
100.0
36.7
31.5
210.9
114.6
32.2
28.5
21.2
207.9
76.7

1,309.0
32.5
134.0
33.2
20.5
104.0
39.7
32.6
217.8
121.5
32.2
29.3
22.7
214.5
83.5

1,307.8
32.6
133.4
33.0
20.6
105.0
39.4
32.9
217.2
122.0
32.4
29.1
22.7
213.1
82.4

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
See footnotes at end of table.




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Sovernment

State and area
June
1986

Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery

Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

„

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington
District of Columbia
Washington MSA

Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
See footnotes at end of table.

62




May
1987

June
1987^

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

69.3
28.5
3.5
7.8
7.3
2.0

70.9
28.7
3.4
7.3
7.3
2.0

71.2
29.1
3.5
7.4
7.3
2.1

259.3
87.2
25.1
34.0
24.0
7.4

267.0
91.8
26.4
34.4
24.3
7.9

269.8
92.5
26.9
34.5
24.4
7.8

295.8
58.2
28.1
27.5
31.4
17.4

302.8
59.7
29.2
28.1
32.3
19.1

297.3
59.0
29.1
27.7
31.6
17.4

13.0

11.9

12.0

45.5

42.7

43.9

66.1

68.6

64.7

89.5
70.6
12.4

91.7
72.3
12.9

91.8
72.2
12.9

326.6
218.1
61.5

339.4
229.9
62.6

338.0
228.4
62.1

210.9
113.9
45.5

240.5
124.1
51.2

220.3
114.3
48.4

37.7
1.5
2.7
15.3
1.6

38.2
1.4
2.7
15.6
1.7

38.5
1.4
2.7
15.5
1.7

147.8
6.2
14.8
51.1
5.8

153.6
6.8
15.8
52.4
5.9

155.4
6.7
16.2
52.6
6.0

140.6
9.7
6.9
45.3
7.3

148.3
10.5
7.4
46.1
7.2

138.3
9.9
7.0
43.6
7.1

770.2
84.0
6.4
13.7
274.8
4.6
51.7
10.3
24.0
31.1
5.0
56.7
114.7
33.1
8.1
8.0
8.1
4.8

787.2
84.9
6.3
14.1
281.5
4.6
54.9
10.6
25.2
32.2
5.2
58.3
112.4
33.0
8.2
8.2
8.3
4.8

789.9
85.1
6.3
14.0
282.5
4.6
55.0
10.6
25.3
32.4
5.2
58.7
112.4
33.0
8.3
8.2
8.3
4.8

2,759.6
257.4
30.3
43.8
996.3
20.7
178.7
43.0
129.8
107.9
25.2
211.1
269.5
184.5
38.3
26.5
27.9
27.1

2,874.1
270.6
31.4
47.1
1,035.6
21.6
185.3
44.7
139.2
113.3
26.0
223.1
275.3
190.7
39.8
27.1
28.6
27.8

2,883.8
274.5
31.3
46.5
1,033.7
21.6
186.1
45.4
138.3
114.6
26.2
224.2
276.4
190.7
39.9
27.5
28.2
28.2

1,860.3
113.8
38.7
44.6
496.0
16.4
159.0
40.1
118.0
160.5
26.6
152.4
134.2
83.7
27.2
21.5
28.8
36.5

1,911.0
117.6
39.0
46.6
503.9
17.1
163.2
40.7
123.0
167.5
27.7
157.7
139.1
84.9
27.9
22.0
30.8
37.1

1,909.5
116.6
39.1
45.4
506.6
17.1
163.0
40.5
123.2
166.5
27.8
158.0
138.3
84.3
28.0
22.0
30.7
37.3

98.6
3.9
66.5

97.0
3.9
65.5

97.8
3.9
65.9

329.3
20.9
199.7

326.0
21.8
199.3

331.4
22.0
201.1

254.3
20.8
121.7

263.9
21.9
125.9

259.6
20.8
125.6

141.4
10.8
74.8
3.7
14.8
11.3
4.1

145.5
11.4
78.0
4.1
15.0
11.7
4.1

147.1
11.7
78.8
4.2
15.3
12.0
4.3

375.0
44.7
103.0
12.8
65.8
36.8
19.1

388.6
46.4
106.9
13.5
68.1
38.7
21.2

391.9
46.7
107.8
13.6
68.4
39.4
21.6

197.1
18.1
58.8
6.4
30.5
10.2
12.1

202.9
18.4
59.2
6.6
31.1
10.2
12.3

202.6
18.2
59.2
6.4
30.9
10.1
12.4

23.3
21.0

24.8
22.8

25.3
23.2

68.2
60.3

71.1
63.5

72.3
64.3

44.5
35.4

47.0
37.9

45.6
36.1

36.4
115.8

37.2
120.0

37.4
121.8

219.5
620.7

227.9
638.2

228.7
642.9

265.8
556.3

262.7
562.9

263.6
561.9

342.1
6.5
36.7
7.7
4.1
35.5
8.1
5.2
67.7
30.1
5.5
8.0
4.5
61.6
25.4

354.9
6.6
38.0
8.5
4.0
36.7
7.9
5.2
69.3
32.3
5.6
8.0
4.5
63.3
27.4

357.3
6.6
38.3
8.7
4.0
37.0
8.0
5.1
69.7
32.7
5.6
8.2
4.5
63.8
27.3

1,201.1
28.5
118.0
26.5
19.7
90.3
30.4
39.6
213.6
142.7
29.3
27.4
20.7
203.7
82.7

1,274.0
29.1
121.8
29.0
21.2
94.7
33.8
40.1
215.4
153.9
29.4
29.6
21.0
214.2
91.1

1,273.6
29.4
120.8
29.2
21.3
94.9
33.6
39.9
214.4
156.6
30.0
29.3
21.2
214.5
90.2

690.0
17.4
54.7
14.4
32.4
55.2
18.6
19.9
104.2
50.1
27.2
11.6
41.6
95.4
36.5

734.8
18.2
56.8
15.4
35.0
58.6
19.0
20.4
107.8
54.3
27.5
12.2
45.4
100.6
39.2

723.4
18.3
56.6
15.5
33.2
57.3
18.9
21.0
107.9
54.2
27.6
12.2
43.7
99.4
39.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

<Donstructior l

Mining

State and area

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

,

,

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987^

2,675.8
48.0
61.1
1,325.1
150.5
90.3
115.6
99.6

2,752.6
48.6
63.5
1,386.0
151.6
90.6
117.4
101.4

2,755.9
48.1
62.9
1,387.4
151.1
91.1
117.9
101.7

June
1986

May
1987
8.8

8.1
(1)

(1)
.1
1.3
.5
.1
.1

June
1986

June
1987P
8.9
(1)

.2
1.8
.5
.1
.1

.2
1.8
.5
.1
.1

(1)

(1)

(1)

1

1

(1)

May
1987

June
1987P

156.6
2.2
2.7
77.4
9.1
5.4
5.1
6.9

156.5
2.1
2.7
78.7
8.5
5.3
5.0
7.1

156.8
2.1
2.8
78.7
8.5
5.4
5.2
7.2

18.1
14.8

21.8
17.9

21.8
17.8

Hawaii
Honolulu

437.3
350.7

450.9
362.0

451.0
362.6

()
(1)

Idaho
Boise City

337.3
87.5

341.2
88.6

343.6
89.5

2.6

ft

ft

ft

15.6
5.0

15.0
4.8

16.3
5.1

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline.
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
,
Rockford
Springfield

4,778.3
131.5
51.5
78.8
2,968.1
155.2
50.5
94.5
32.5
178.4
131.7
122.2
94.3

4,852.9
134.7
53.9
83.9
2,989.9
154.9
49.3
93.6
32.6
179.5
131.5
121.7
92.8

4,874.6
137.3
52.9
79.2
3,020.3
155.7
49.7
93.8
33.1
183.1
131.2
122.4
93.5

25.5
(1)
1
()
(1)
3.3
(1)
1
()

24.9
(1)

24.9
(1)
(1)
(1)
3.4
(1)

01
(1)
(1)
(1)
()
0)

O
(11)
()
(1)
0
O

184.7
5.5
1.4
2.2
115.5
4.8
1.7
4.2
1.2
7.2
5.2
3.7
2.5

176.6
5.5
1.3
2.0
118.9
4.9
1.6
4.2
1.2
6.3
5.5
3.7
2.3

183.7
6.0
1.4
2.2
123.8
4.9
1.7
4.2
1.2
6.7
5.6
3.7
2.4

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Munde
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,226.6
48.7
45.0
93.4
122.1
176.8
213.5
581.7
43.8
56.9
47.3
105.2
51.2

2,315.2
47.8
50.9
97.6
125.1
182.4
216.2
602.2
44.7
60.5
50.6
110.2
51.7

2,303.1
47.6
49.2
98.1
125.5
183.4
216.4
603.5
44.3
59.4
47.9
108.5
50.9

98.3
1.4
1.9
2.5
8.4
8.8
11.3
29.5
1.3
2.0
1.9
4.7
1.9

111.7
1.4
2.1
2.8
8.7
9.1
12.2
32.0
1.2
2.5
2.0
5.1
1.8

117.4
1.5
2.3
3.0
8.8
9.6
12.4
33.2
1.3
2.6
2.1
5.4
1.9

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

1,083.8
82.4
199.8
40.3
46.7
49.2
58.0

1,112.9
83.5
204.2
42.3
50.2
48.9
61.4

1,110.1
82.5
206.0
42.0
46.9
49.3
59.5

2.2
.2

0)
(1)
0)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

38.8
3.1
7.9
1.3
1.4
1.8
1.9

39.9
3.5
7.0
1.2
1.7
1.8
1.6

42.5
3.4
7.3
1.2
1.8
1.8
1.8

988.5
28.7
84.9
206.3

999.5
31.7
85.6
214.1

1,000.0
29.5
85.9
214.4

11.8
(1)

11.8
(1)

0

0

2.3

47.6
1.3
3.7
10.9

42.7
1.2
3.7
11.4

45.4
1.4
3.9
12.2

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,278.2
167.3
423.6
32.6

1,311.6
173.6
433.7
32.6

1,309.1
171.8
437.9
32.0

40.4
.9
.7
.9

39.4
1.0
.7
1.1

39.5
1.0
.8
1.1

59.3
9.8
21.6
2.0

63.5
12.7
22.9
2.0

65.1
12.7
23.6
2.1

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,518.2
45.6
211.1
54.8
87.7
57.8
56.0
519.9
135.2

1,491.3
46.1
213.4
52.1
82.5
57.5
54.7
507.9
131.8

1,489.3
46.1
211.2
52.5
82.7
58.8
55.1
507.4
130.2

60.6
.2
1.0
6.1
11.6
1.3
.4
16.6
3.6

58.6
.2
1.0
6.0
11.0
1.3
.6
16.8
3.2

59.0
.2
1.0
6.2
11.1
1.3
.7
17.2
3.2

89.2
2.6
19.3
1.7
3.7
5.1
3.3
25.5
7.7

84.0
2.7
20.2
1.5
3.0
5.0
3.1
23.2
7.9

84.4
2.7
19.7
1.5
3.1
4.9
3.1
23.8
7.7

488.1
38.2
118.5

493.9
39.0
118.6

505.9
39.3
120.3

.1

29.0
2.0
7.9

30.7
1.9
7.5

32.1
2.0
7.9

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

()
(1)
2.9

2.5

O
(1)

2.4

ft
ft

.8

ft
ft
ft
ft

.5

11.9

2.2

8.6

8.5

ft
ft
ft
2.2

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

.8

.4

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

2.2
.2
(1)

0)
(1)
0)
01
()

2.3

.1

0
0)

0)
(11)
(1)
()
O
(1)
(1)

ft
ft
ft

2.2
.2

O
(1)

3.4

(1)
(1)

9.1

ft
ft
ft

0

.1

0
(1)

(1)

0

2.2

.8

.4

See footnotes at end of table.




63

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987*

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987?

563.3
8.7
15.1
190.8
36.3
19.9
19.0
16.6

569.0
8.5
15.4
193.4
36.1
19.7
19.4
17.0

570.0
8.6
15.4
193.0
36.0
19.6
19.5
17.0

164.3
2.2
1.7
105.7
5.1
3.5
5.0
9.8

169.0
2.2
1.7
110.7
5.1
3.4
5.1
9.8

170.7
2.2
1.7
112.0
5.1
3.5
5.2
9.6

668.6
12.4
12.4
364.9
32.7
20.0
25.3
24.0

694.4
12.5
12.8
387.4
33.2
20.3
25.2
23.7

695.7
12.4
12.6
387.9
33.2
20.4
25.2
24.0

Hawaii
Honolulu

22.9
17.0

21.8
16.1

22.0
16.5

34.3
28.0

34.4
27.9

34.8
28.4

116.4
91.3

118.9
93.7

120.1
94.7

Idaho
Boise City

52.5
10.4

53.9
10.6

55.5
10.7

18.7
5.5

18.5
5.8

18.6
5.9

84.6
22.2

84.4
22.6

85.3
22.9

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

923.9
35.3
4.5
7.5
551.4
33.8
14.6
19.5
5.2
40.0
31.7
44.5
3.9

927.1
36.1
5.1
7.9
538.0
34.1
13.4
19.2
5.4
39.5
30.7
43.2
3.8

928.3
36.4
5.1
7.8
542.2
34.0
13.5
19.3
5.4
39.9
30.5
42.6
3.8

271.8
4.7
3.1
2.4
188.0
8.3
4.5
8.8
1.5
6.6
6.6
4.5
4.7

282.1
5.1
2.9
2.0
191.6
8.3
4.6
8.4
1.4
6.6
6.6
4.4
4.7

283.1
5.1
2.9
1.9
193.1
8.3
4.5
8.4
1.4
6.6
6.6
4.5
4.8

1,180.4
36.2
12.4
18.9
735.1
42.2
10.9
22.3
8.1
45.7
32.8
28.2
19.3

1,221.1
36.9
12.5
19.2
741.7
42.3
11.0
22.3
8.1
45.8
33.1
28.3
19.3

1,227.5
37.6
12.5
19.3
748.3
42.3
11.0
22.4
8.1
46.7
33.4
28.4
19.3

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

607.8
18.4
8.0
50.3
29.2
48.6
56.5
107.8
19.2
10.3
10.9
24.1
10.8

606.0
17.0
8.4
52.5
30.2
49.5
54.1
106.5
18.7
11.4
10.8
23.9
10.1

608.6
17.0
8.5
52.8
29.9
49.9
54.5
106.8
18.7
11.5
10.6
23.9
10.1

113.7
1.4
1.6
2.8
6.5
11.7
14.0
34.5
1.4
1.7
2.2
4.6
2.6

115.5
1.4
1.7
2.8
6.5
11.8
13.8
36.3
1.4
1.6
2.3
4.9
2.5

116.7
1.4
1.7
2.8
6.5
11.9
13.9
36.8
1.4
1.6
2.3
4.9
2.6

528.8
10.7
11.1
17.8
30.5
43.4
50.5
148.8
9.5
12.3
12.1
27.7
14.0

554.2
11.1
12.0
18.5
31.4
45.1
51.5
153.0
9.9
12.8
12.2
28.7
14.0

559.1
11.1
11.9
18.8
31.6
45.4
52.0
154.1
10.1
12.7
12.2
28.9
14.0

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

204.9
22.6
22.5
11.9
3.7
10.2
12.3

210.2
22.3
22.8
12.0
3.8
8.1
13.1

211.7
22.5
22.7
12.1
3.9
8.1
13.1

52.0
4.1
11.8
1.7
1.1
3.3
1.9

52.9
4.0
12.0
1.6
1.3
3.6
1.8

53.2
4.2
12.0
1.6
1.3
3.7
1.7

277.6
20.3
52.4
9.3
9.2
12.0
14.3

280.6
20.5
52.0
9.9
9.2
12.4
14.5

281.7
20.4
52.6
10.1
9.2
12.6
14.4

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

176.7
4.5
9.6
55.2

177.3
4.4
9.5
58.7

179.6
4.5
9.5
59.1

62.8
1.3
6.9
9.9

63.0
1.3
6.6
9.9

63.3
1.3
6.7
10.0

248.5
6.4
18.9
50.1

249.8
6.8
19.2
50.3

251.5
6.6
19.4
50.5

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

254.3
28.1
86.3
5.8

256.8
27.6
85.8
5.4

259.5
27.6
87.2
5.5

66.6
7.7
25.7
2.3

70.5
7.6
26.5
2.3

71.1
7.6
26.9
2.3

303.9
39.6
105.6
8.4

303.2
40.5
106.0
7.9

306.7
40.7
106.9
7.8

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

166.4
3.3
19.1
5.0
6.0
8.6
7.5
43.4
19.0

166.2
3.4
18.7
4.1
5.7
10.3
7.2
43.2
18.3

168.2
3.4
19.0
4.2
5.8
10.4
7.2
43.3
18.4

105.7
2.4
10.3
6.0
6.9
3.8
2.9
42.9
8.4

105.3
2.4
10.5
5.9
6.5
3.6
2.5
41.4
8.1

106.9
2.4
10.6
6.1
6.4
3.8
2.7
41.5
7.9

372.6
10.8
52.1
13.8
23.9
14.1
15.2
138.9
32.5

356.2
11.0
52.4
13.1
21.9
13.5
14.8
132.5
29.6

358.6
11.1
52.5
13.4
21.9
13.7
14.8
132.5
29.7

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

105.1
10.4
16.8

101.6
10.1
15.7

103.1
10.1
15.3

19.3
1.4
6.0

19.7
1.4
6.1

20.1
1.4
6.3

121.2
9.0
34.5

121.4
9.1
34.9

127.4
9.3
36.0

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
7.
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

See footnotes at end of table.

64




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987*

146.0
2.5
2.0
94.7
5.8
6.1
7.3
4.5

149.9
2.5
2.0
97.5
6.1
6.1
7.5
4.3

150.4
2.5
2.0
97.8
6.1
6.2
7.5
4.4

507.0
8.0
8.9
304.7
29.0
15.3
20.4
22.6

534.2
8.1
9.5
325.0
28.7
15.6
20.9
23.0

536.7
8.0
9.6
325.7
28.6
15.6
20.8
23.1

461.9
12.1
18.2
185.7
32.0
20.0
33.4
15.1

470.8
12.7
19.2
191.4
33.5
20.1
34.2
16.4

466.6
12.3
18.5
190.5
33.2
20.4
34.2
16.5

Hawaii
Honolulu

33.0
28.0

33.4
28.3

33.6
28.5

118.9
92.5

123.2
95.9

123.5
96.5

93.7
79.1

97.4
82.2

95.2
80.2

Idaho
Boise City

24.C
8.:

24.2
8.6

24.3
8.6

68.0
19.1

68.0
19.1

68.4
19.5

71.0
16.6

74.7
17.1

72.7
16.8

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

348.1
6.9
9.3
3.2
252.8
7.9
2.8
3.8
1.6
6.6
7.0
5.4
7.9

352.5
6.8
9.3
3.3
255.7
8.0
2.7
3.8
1.6
6.4
7.1
5.5
8.0

356.9
6.9
9.4
3.3
259.1
8.1
2.7
3.8
1.6
6.5
7.1
5.5
8.0

1,129.7
28.2
11.3
14.8
760.7
30.6
10.5
19.9
8.5
41.8
32.6
24.1
24.3

1.142.9
29.4
11.3
14.5
777.4
30.0
10.4
19.3
8.1
44.4
32.3
24.2
22.6

1,157.7
30.3
11.2
14.8
785.4
30.7
10.7
19.7
8.7
46.0
32.7
25.6
23.1

714.2
14.6
9.5
29.8
361.3
27.6
5.5
15.8
6.4
29.8
15.8
11.8
31.6

725.7
14.8
11.5
35.0
363.2
27.3
5.6
16.2
6.8
29.8
16.2
12.4
32.0

712.5
14.9
10.4
29.9
365.0
27.4
5.6
15.8
6.7
30.0
15.3
12.1
32.0

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

112.1
1.7
1.7
2.4
5.0
11.9
8.1
43.8
1.4
2.9
1.6
5.6
1.9

114.5
1.6
1.7
2.4
5.0
11.7
8.2
44.7
1.4
3.0
1.6
5.8
1.9

117.3
1.6
1.8
2.4
5.1
12.1
8.3
45.5
1.4
3.1
1.6
5.9
1.9

431.2
9.0
7.6
12.2
28.0
35.7
43.7
129.6
6.0
10.9
10.1
28.2
10.5

449.6
9.4
7.9
13.0
29.1
37.3
45.8
139.2
6.3
11.3
10.2
30.5
11.0

449.2
9.1
8.1
12.8
29.1
37.3
45.5
138.0
6.4
11.3
10.4
29.1
10.7

325.7
6.1
13.1
5.4
12.1
16.7
29.4
86.9
5.0
16.8
8.4
10.3
9.0

355.2
6.0
17.1
5.6
11.9
17.9
30.5
89.9
5.7
17.8
11.5
11.4
9.9

326.2
5.8
14.9
5.5
12.3
17.3
29.8
88.3
4.9
16.7
8.6
10.3
9.3

63.7
4.7
25.6
1.4
1.5
2.7
3.2

64.1
4.5
26.7
1.5
1.6
2.6
3.3

64.6
4.5
27.1
1.5
1.7
2.6
3.3

237.8
17.9
49.7
11.5
7.7
12.7
13.5

245.3
18.3
52.9
12.6
8.0
13.9
14.4

241.7
18.3
53.4
11.9
7.7
13.8
14.0

206.8
9.5
29.8
3.2
22.0
6.5
10.8

217.7
10.2
30.7
3.5
24.5
6.5
12.7

212.5
9.0
30.8
3.6
21.2
6.7
11.2

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

55.0
1.0
5.9
10.9

55.5
1.1
6.2
11.2

56.3
1.1
6.3
11.3

195.0
5.1
18.8
43.0

199.0
5.6
19.5
44.5

200.2
5.4
19.6
45.0

191.0
9.1
21.0
24.1

200.4
11.3
20.8
25.8

191.9
9.2
20.4
24.0

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

60.2
8.8
27.8
1.4

61.5
9.0
29.2
1.4

62.2
9.2
29.5
1.4

259.3
39.2
97.6
7.3

270.6
39.6
102.2
7.3

270.4
39.1
103.0
7.2

234.2
33.2
58.4
4.5

246.1
35.6
60.4
5.2

234.6
33.9
60.0
4.6

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

86.5
2.6
13.8
2.6
4.2
2.7
4.6
34.1
7.9

84.8
2.6
13.4
2.4
4.0
2.7
4.5
33.6
7.7

85.1
2.6
13.5
2.4
4.0
2.7
4.6
34.1
7.7

317.8
11.1
41.7
8.6
18.7
11.2
11.2
131.7
32.0

317.2
11.1
41.9
8.3
17.6
10.7
11.5
132.6
31.4

314.8
11.0
42.2
8.3
17.6
10.7
11.5
130.8
31.5

319.4
12.6
53.8
11.0
12.7
11.0
10.9
86.8
24.1

319.0
12.7
55.3
10.8
12.8
10.4
10.5
84.6
25.6

312.3
12.7
52.7
10.4
12.8
11.3
10.5
84.2
24.1

Maine
Lewiston-Aubum
Portland

23.1
2.1
11.0

24.0
2.2
11.7

24.2
2.2
11.8

103.9
9.5
27.6

106.8
10.3
28.3

110.4
10.3
29.0

86.4
3.8
14.7

89.6
4.0
14.4

88.5
4.0
14.0

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

See footnotes at end of table.




65

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Constructor i

State and area
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987»>

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

1,977.6
1,063.9
458.5
697.1

2,000.8
1,072.6
459.5
716.4

2,004.5
1,076.5
458.7
717.2

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,011.9
1,688.2
70.9
55.3
40.2
154.7
105.1
66.4
43.1
233.1
192.1

3,057.9
1,727.0
72.6
56.2
40.3
161.8
105.7
66.2
43.7
241.1
197.8

3.083.0
1,732.7
73.2
57.0
40.3
164.2
105.8
67.4
44.8
243.2
199.4

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

3,652.0
153.7
55.1
62.2
1,856.9
181.2
299.4
49.3
100.2
195.1
56.8
152.0

3,704.7
160.3
56.0
63.3
1,887.5
173.3
305.3
49.8
102.4
203.1
56.2
153.7

3,717.6
158.9
56.1
63.0
1.896.0
175.4
305.2
49.7
102.1
201.3
56.3
154.6

10.8
(1)

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

1,916.4
85.9
1,245.9
55.6
65.2

1,947.9
83.6
1,262.4
56.2
69.4

1,962.1
86.2
1,270.3
57.1
67.6

8.0
4.6

847.5
169.8

863.5
174.4

856.1
173.2

2,141.9
718.5
35.8
1,102.8
101.5

2,165.7
717.4
35.9
1,102.0
105.2

2,158.6
718.8
35.6
1,105.9
103.3

284.5

278.6

279.5

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield
Montana
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

Las Vegas
Reno
New nampsnire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester,NH-ME

Atlantic city...!!!..!..'..'."!..'.'."!!!!.!!!!'.'.!!!'.!!'.'.'.!!!!
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-MilMlle-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.

66




June
1986

May
1987

1.7

1.7
.2

0)

0)
1.8
.8

2.4
.9

()

.2

(1)

0)
01
(1)
()

.9

0
0)
V)

11.1

0)

129.8
67.1
4.9
2.8
2.2
9.1
5.4
3.6
2.3
9.3
9.4

134.3
70.2
5.0
3.0
2.3
9.2
5.6
3.8
2.3
9.5
9.9

120.6
5.5
1.5
1.5
63.8
5.8
14.5
1.2
3.4
6.0
2.0
6.3

135.1
5.4
1.6
1.5
70.7
5.4
15.7
1.4
3.2
5.0
1.8
6.0

139.9
5.8

7.0
4.2

81.7
3.8
52.5
2.1
3.7

82.4
3.7
54.2
2.0
4.6

88.4
4.1
56.3
2.1
5.0

6.4
1.1

36.5
8.6

35.3
8.6

35.7
8.8

5.6

103.3
35.6
1.6
58.6
4.4

101.0
35.7
1.6
54.2
4.6

102.9
36.3
1.7
55.8
4.5

.1
.1
.2
.2

11.3
(1)

0)
(1)
.9
1

0
0)
(1)
0
(1)
0)
(1)

o1
(1)
(0)

128.5
66.5
3.8
2.2
2.2
10.2
5.1
3.0
2.0
8.7
8.8

()
(1)
(1)
(1)
.1
.2
.2

0
0
0)

145.7
70.9
18.2
63.2

2.4
1.0

0)

.9

()

0)

o1
(0))
(1)

o
6.1
3.1

0)
<*)

0

«•)
6.4
1.1

6.2
1.1

5.7
.6

0)

3.7
.1

5.5
.6

0

3.4
.1

.6

0)
3.5
.1

6.3

5.8

June
1987P

144.1
70.0
17.6
62.8

.4

.1

May
1987

143.6
68.1
18.7
61.5

1

(1)
.1
.2
.2

0)
0)

O
.4

June
1986

1.7
.2

.2

.5

1

V)
0
0)

June
1987^

1.7
1.6
74.3
5.6
16.2
1.5
3.3
5.2
1.9
6.3

6.3

12.0

9.6

9.8

2.1

23.9
3.7
12.8

25.2
3.8
13.6

.2

.2

.2

26.6
4.1
13.1

501.6
283.5
132.4

6.4
.3
.7

6.8
.3
.7

7.0
.3
.8

29.0
17.5
7.3

30.4
18.6
7.5

31.2
18.9
7.7

500.4
89.0
107.6

508.3
90.3
110.0

.6
.1
.1

.5
.1
.1

.6
.1
.1

37.9
4.9
5.6

34.9
5.0
5.1

36.1
5.2
5.3

3,575.9
167.4
655.2
419.2
241.7
502.7
317.8
958.4
194.8
56.2

3,623.9
179.4
661.2
423.7
243.9
507.6
327.2
963.9
194.6
56.7

2.3

159.2
10.0
30.0
20.8
6.5
22.7
19.8
37.0
4.6
2.3

168.9
11.2
31.4
23.1
6.7
22.1
20.8
38.0
5.1
2.8

174.3
11.4
32.4
24.0
6.9
23.0
21.6
39.3
5.3
2.8

658.2
107.0
294.7

667.0
109.2
296.8

665.8
107.4
299.0

470.7
261.8
127.7

499.0
284.2
131.3

498.0
88.1
107.3
3,528.6
170.8
651.0
410.5
237.2
493.3
317.4
948.7
189.3
54.8

2.0

2.0

0)

(1)

2.3

0)

(1)
.1
.1

1

()
.6
(1)

2.3
.1

0)

.7
.4

O

.1
.5

(1)

O

O

.7

0
O
(1)

0)
.4

.1
.1

.6
.7
.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
June
1986

Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Ptttsfield
Worcester
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

211.5
133.9
47.9
36.0

207.8
131.0
45.2
34.6

208.3
131.4
45.3
35.0

90.4
55.4
27.7
22.9

93.6
55.2
27.2
25.4

94.5
55.5
27.1
25.7

505.1
260.5
97.2
185.1

510.3
263.3
98.1
191.3

513.6
265.0
97.7
191.6

618.1
296.4
11.8
17.3
13.2
44.9
38.4
20.7
12.1
52.4
46.0

605.8
289.4
11.0
16.5
13.1
50.5
37.0
20.6
11.7
52.9
45.0

607.5
290.3
11.1
16.8
13.1
50.4
36.8
21.0
11.9
53.4
45.5

127.5
74.2
5.2
1.8
1.6
6.7
3.4
3.2
1.0
9.1
8.4

128.9
75.1
5.0
2.0
1.5
6.8
3.2
3.2
1.1
9.1
8.1.

130.8
76.0
5.1
2.0
1.4
7.0
3.2
3.3
1.1
9.3
8.3

714.0
378.6
20.7
14.0
9.9
35.6
22.0
15.3
11.0
54.3
46.9

717.7
388.8
21.7
14.8
10.3
37.3
21.9
14.8
11.4
56.6
49.3

730.6
392.8
22.0
14.8
10.2
38.6
21.9
15.2
11.6
57.0
49.9

1,009.4
38.6
15.2
21.7
498.9
66.5
94.9
12.8
29.8
38.2
18.8
45.8

972.5
38.4
15.5
21.1
478.8
57.1
93.5
12.8
29.2
37.2
17.9
44.4

977.1
38.6
15.5
21.3
477.2
58.3
94.5
12.8
29.3
36.8
17.9
44.9

144.9
4.6
1.9
2.5
80.2
4.7
10.5
4.2
3.3
5.5
2.7
7.0

150.9
4.8
1.8
2.6
85.5
4.6
11.0
4.2
3.4
5.2
2.5
7.3

150.9
4.9
1.8
2.6
85.6
4.5
10.9
4.1
3.5
5.2
2.6
7.2

819.2
24.8
10.4
12.3
427.4
42.8
74.9
10.8
22.8
39.0
12.3
34.8

838.7
27.6
10.4
12.3
439.5
43.1
76.2
10.9
23.4
39.3
12.2
35.1

848.0
27.6
10.7
12.6
441.8
43.4
76.6
10.9
23.5
39.3
12.4
35.7

372.5
7.4
253.3
10.8
11.6

367.0
7.3
249.5
10.1
12.2

373.1
7.3
251.7
10.4
12.0

96.6
5.7
66.4
1.6
3.6

98.2
5.3
66.1
1.6
3.7

98.3
5.4
66.5
1.6
3.9

478.4
22.2
305.6
11.3
19.9

480.9
21.8
307.5
11.6
21.0

486.5
22.2
310.6
11.6
21.0

224.2
20.1

223.2
20.3

224.3
20.2

38.9
10.9

39.9
11.3

40.0
11.3

183.2
41.7

187.2
42.4

188.0
42.6

423.4
116.1
9.2
224.2
20.5

410.6
111.0
9.1
214.2
19.4

417.3
111.0
9.3
220.2
19.5

137.9
55.1
2.1
73.2
6.5

142.9
55.0
2.0
74.8
6.5

143.5
55.0
2.0
75.0
6.7

513.1
182.5
8.7
261.3
27.7

510.7
181.4
8.7
261.0
28.9

512.8
182.7
8.6
262.2
28.7

Montana

21.6

20.9

21.5

20.4

20.3

20.5

74.5

72.4

72.9

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

86.6
13.0
32.5

84.7
12.9
31.9

85.8
13.1
32.4

43.3
6.0
22.9

44.0
5.9
23.9

44.3
6.0
24.1

169.2
25.0
75.5

172.9
24.9
77.2

173.0
25.1
77.8

Nevada

22.3
8.1
8.2

23.1
8.6
8.4

23.6
8.7
8.6

26.6
15.0
8.7

27.6
15.9
8.7

28.0
16.1
8.9

95.5
55.2
28.4

99.5
57.8
29.5

101.1
58.4
29.9

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.NH-ME

119.1
36.0
20.8

117.3
35.5
19.9

118.4
36.0
20.2

16.9
2.2
2.9

17.6
2.1
3.0

17.7
2.2
3.0

122.8
19.1
29.0

125.0
20.4
28.4

127.9
20.5
30.3

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

697.3
8.3
163.7
75.8
53.7
112.9
30.7
188.7
31.7
15.2

684.3
8.2
159.8
73.6
52.7
113.7
29.5
187.3
31.7
15.4

687.5
8.1
160.4
74.3
54.1
114.8
29.8
187.6
31.8
15.5

225.5
6.1
28.4
16.8
30.2
37.5
15.1
78.3
6.1
2.2

231.0
6.1
28.7
17.5
30.1
40.1
16.0
79.2
6.5
2.1

232.5
6.2
29.3
17.4
30.2
39.9
16.2
79.5
6.4
2.2

845.7
40.8
183.7
107.9
56.0
119.0
89.4
194.1
30.4
10.9

855.4
35.5
184.9
109.0
58.4
119.5
88.6
197.7
31.4
11.3

873.2
42.0
186.2
110.0
58.8
120.8
92.8
198.8
31.5
11.4

Us Vegas
Reno

;..

See footnotes at end of table.




67

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcutturaJ payroll* in State* and selected area* by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
June
1966

May
1987

June
1987*

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987^

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

119.2
72.3
44.8
38.8

120.4
73.8
45.4
39.8

122.7
74.8
46.2
40.6

512.6
267.9
133.1
199.9

525.9
270.5
137.8
203.6

528.8
272.4
136.7
205.9

393.5
205.6
89.1
152.4

397.0
208.6
88.1
158.3

389.2
206.3
87.4
154.8

Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

205.8
141.4
3.1
2.8
1.6
6.0
4.0
2.5
2.1
15.8
12.7

214.7
146.2
3.2
2.9
1.6
6.3
4.4
2.6
2.2
16.4
13.0

218.4
148.8
3.2
3.0
1.7
6.6
4.5
2.7
2.2
16.7
13.3

821.4
530.9
14.5
10.6
7.3
31.7
19.0
12.1
10.0
55.0
45.5

863.9
559.9
14.9
10.7
7.1
32.2
20.6
12.4
10.3
58.1
48.7

861.4
551.9
14.8
10.9
7.1
32.9
20.7
12.4
11.0
58.2
48.4

394.8
199.4
11.8
6.6
4.4
19.6
13.0
9.6
4.8
37.6
23.6

394.7
199.6
11.9
6.5
4.5
19.6
13.1
9.0
4.6
38.5
24.1

397.6
201.7
12.0
6.5
4.5
19.5
13.0
9.0
4.6
38.9
23.9

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

172.0
4.4
3.8
2.4
99.3
6.2
13.3
1.6
4.4
10.8
1.4
6.1

179.5
4.7
3.6
2.5
103.6
6.5
13.5
1.5
4.7
11.4
1.4
6.0

182.3
4.8
3.4
2.6
104.7
6.6
13.6
1.5
4.8
11.5
1.4
6.1

788.4
31.6
11.0
13.5
451.0
32.4
61.0
9.5
22.5
34.6
11.1
30.9

805.3
32.6
11.5
14.5
465.7
32.5
63.5
9.3
23.2
36.7
11.4
32.1

805.8
33.3
11.3
14.0
468.7
32.7
62.5
9.2
23.4
36.9
11.7
32.3

586.6
44.2
11.3
8.2
235.4
23.0
30.0
9.1
13.9
60.5
8.4
20.8

611.7
46.6
11.6
8.7
242.9
24.2
31.6
9.5
15.2
68.1
8.8
22.5

602.3
43.7
11.6
8.3
242.9
24.2
30.4
9.5
14.2
65.9
8.5
21.8

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

117.3
3.2
90.4
1.8
2.4

120.4
3.1
93.0
1.6
2.4

121.7
3.1
94.2
1.6
2.4

450.3
20.4
307.3
22.2
12.8

468.3
20.0
317.0
23.3
13.0

469.1
20.4
317.3
23.5
12.3

311.7
18.6
169.6
6.0
11.1

324.6
19.3
174.2
6.1
12.5

318.0
19.5
172.9
6.2
11.0

37.7
13.6

38.7
14.1

39.1
14.2

135.0
36.0

138.7
37.6

138.2
37.0

185.5
37.7

194.3
39.0

184.5
37.9

130.2
56.8
1.9
70.6
5.2

134.4
57.1
1.9
72.8
5.2

135.7
57.6
1.9
73.4
5.2

495.7
162.4
6.9
274.3
25.5

505.7
164.4
6.8
282.9
26.6

510.7
165.5
6.7
283.8
26.3

332.6
109.4
5.4
136.9
11.6

354.9
112.2
5.8
138.7
13.9

330.1
110.1
5.4
132.0
12.3

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield
Montana

13.3

13.1

13.2

63.8

63.4

64.5

73.1

72.6

70.8

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

47.5
7.8
28.8

46.8
7.9
30.2

49.1
8.0
30.4

148.0
22.1
78.4

149.4
23.4
76.6

149.7
23.1
77.7

135.0
29.0
43.3

141.3
30.5
44.0

136.6
28.3
42.8

Nevada

22.8
13.5
6.9

24.0
14.5
7.1

24.4
14.7
7.2

208.8
123.3
52.4

222.5
135.9
52.9

224.7
136.2
53.8

59.1
28.9
15.1

65.1
32.6
16.5

61.6
30.2
15.5

28.5
3.3
5.7

30.5
3.5
6.3

30.9
3.6
6.4

109.9
16.4
19.3

110.6
16.3
19.9

113.3
16.7
20.8

62.3
6.1
23.9

64.0
6.1
24.9

63.4
6.0
23.9

211.2
6.9
36.0
22.1
10.0
33.2
16.8
73.9
9.0
2.8

217.9
6.8
37.0
23.1
10.6
33.5
17.4
75.9
9.0
2.9

221.9
7.3
37.7
23.5
10.9
34.1
17.7
76.7
9.1
2.9

845.3
72.7
143.0
95.6
40.5
96.0
84.7
240.1
53.4
9.7

871.1
73.9
146.1
98.8
42.7
101.0
84.3
243.9
56.2
10.0

886.3
77.7
147.6
99.8
42.5
101.9
87.1
245.9
55.3
10.1

542.2
25.9
67.1
71.4
40.2
71.4
60.9
136.0
54.0
11.4

545.0
25.6
67.2
74.0
40.5
72.3
61.1
135.7
54.9
11.3

545.9
26.6
67.5
74.6
40.5
72.5
61.9
135.4
55.2
11.4

Us Vegas
Reno
New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.NH-ME
New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-MilMlle-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.

68




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected

by major industry—Continued

(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987*

June
1986

535.3
232.1
40.7
54.7

537.7
232.5
40.5
55.6

15.5
.2
.1
.1

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

7,969.7
396.8
118.3
426.4
36.3
46.9
1,121.8
4,077.1
3,553.6
79.8
97.9
116.5
456.7
97.2
292.5
120.6
408.6

8,094.5
401.1
119.4
430.6
38.3
46.4
1,127.3
4,116.4
3,594.4
79.2
98.7
116.4
458.4
97.5
295.5
120.0
406.9

8,159.7
403.3
119.9
434.0
38.9
48.9
1,139.8
4,133.7
3,606.9
79.6
100.1
116.9
459.5
99.1
295.8
120.6
409.9

6.2
.4

North Carolina
Asheville
Chariotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

2,743.5
78.0
545.2
448.4
366.4

2,823.1
76.7
562.1
456.8
375.6

2,838.6
78.5
565.0
457.8
376.7

252.6
36.5
67.1
28.3

252.8
36.8
70.9
29.8

253.5
37.1
69.8
28.8

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

4,510.9
259.8
153.3
654.5
890.8
634.1
420.3
270.5
189.6

4,600.3
266.8
155.6
678.7
900.8
656.6
433.8
285.6
193.3

4,613.6
263.0
156.5
678.3
906.7
660.7
433.7
283.2
194.3

22.5
.7
1.0
.4
1.2
.9
.4
.2
.6

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City

1,145.6
22.5
33.9
411.6
300.5

1,132.9
21.7
32.9
404.0
300.8

1,134.5
21.8
32.9
403.8
302.5

1,071.9
100.6
533.6
91.6

1.094.5
103.5
548.6
91.8

4,826.4
266.1
50.5
52.2
109.4
285.3
77.2
173.3
2,102.8
762.2
850.9

4,921.5
269.4
50.5
50.8
110.4
294.3
78.5
180.7
2,156.8
772.3
858.8

Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

May
1987

June
1987*

36.6
17.6
2.8
3.3

34.8
17.2
2.8
3.4

35.6
17.2
2.8
3.4

6.5
.3

336.9
19.3
5.3
16.1
1.5
2.2
57.0
151.6
117.7
2.8
4.7
6.7
16.4
5.1
14.4
4.1
27.4

351.5
20.4
5.7
17.1
1.7
2.4
59.1
154.6
119.8
3.0
5.0
6.9
17.4
5.2
15.0
4.2
28.0

.3

.2
.2
.3

.2
.2
.3

321.9
18.1
5.4
16.8
1.6
2.1
57.8
148.2
114.8
3.0
4.6
6.3
17.4
4.9
16.1
4.3
27.2

4.8
.1
.3
.3
.4

4.8
.1
.3
.3
.4

4.9
.1
.3
.3
.4

159.7
4.0
31.7
25.2
24.1

166.2
3.8
33.4
24.5
24.7

169.6
4.0
33.8
25.0
25.3

3.9
.2

4.1
.2

12.7
1.7
3.7
1.9

11.2
1.8
3.3
1.6

12.7
1.9
3.8
1.9

20.4
.6
1.0
.3
.9
.9
.5
.2
.5

20.4
.6
1.0
.3
.8
1.0
.5
.2
.5

168.1
9.1
5.7
26.8
27.3
24.7
15.5
9.8
7.4

173.8
10.0
6.3
28.7
26.9
27.2
17.9
10.5
8.1

182.1
10.7
6.7
29.7
28.0
28.3
19.0
10.9
8.9

54.3
1.2
.2
12.6
17.6

52.7
1.2
11.6
16.9

52.4
1.2
.2
11.3
17.1

40.5
.8
1.3
13.9
12.3

40.1
.8
1.4
14.3
13.0

41.1
.8
1.4
14.7
13.1

1,109.9
104.7
554.2
93.9

1.5
.2
.6
.1

1.4
.2
.5
.1

1.4
.2
.5
.1

36.3
3.0
19.6
3.2

35.1
3.1
18.3
2.7

36.8
3.4
19.0
2.9

4,953.7
272.1
51.3
51.1
111.2
296.1
78.8
181.1
2,167.1
773.5
864.7

34.2
.5

31.5
.5

31.5
.6

213.1
11.2
2.8
3.7
3.4
11.7
3.0
9.5
96.0
18.8
43.2

224.0
12.1
2.9
4.0
3.3
12.2
3.0
10.3
102.3
18.5
44.0

234.1
12.7
3.0
4.1
3.8
12.4
3.3
10.7
105.6
18.8
45.9

0)

.4

.4

9

0)
0)

1.4
.8

.8

ft

.3

4.5
.2

0
ft
.8

0

.3
.4
3.9
.4
1.3

ft

V)
0)

ft
ft

.3
.4
3.9
.4
1.2

ft
6.8

.8

ft

()
(1)

()

1.3
.7
(1)

1

1

.2

.2
1.3
.7

ft

ft

.4

0)

(1)
(1)

(1)

0)
ft

ft
ft

(1)

CVI

Oregon

June
1986

14.9
.2
.1
.1

6.4
.3

CVl

Tulsa

.1
.1

(1)

CVl

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

14.7
CVl

528.4
226.5
39.7
54.3

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

June
1987P

May
1987

ft
ft

ft
6.8

.3
.4
3.8
.4
1.3
6.7

See footnotes at end of table.




69

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987^

37.8
19.8
3.4
1.7

38.2
19.6
3.7
1.6

38.6
19.7
3.7
1.6

28.8
12.2
1.2
1.3

28.7
12.3
1.3
1.1

28.1
12.3
1.2
1.1

127.6
58.4
7.7
10.2

128.9
59.6
7.6
10.9

130.7
60.1
7.7
11.2

1,259.8
51.4
38.1
77.1
6.8
10.1
181.1
477.8
392.3
24.8
15.3
32.4
138.5
16.0
55.5
25.4
67.8

1,212.0
47.9
36.7
75.3
7.5
10.4
177.3
465.3
383.5
23.7
14.6
30.2
132.7
15.8
52.6
23.4
64.2

1,220.6
48.0
37.3
76.3
7.7
10.5
177.4
466.7
384.4
23.9
14.9
30.4
134.5
16.0
53.1
23.9
64.5

402.5
15.9
4.1
21.7
1.3
1.5
46.6
242.2
217.8
3.8
5.7
3.2
14.0
4.2
16.4
4.5
19.6

408.5
16.6
4.2
22.0
1.3
1.3
49.0
242.0
216.7
3.7
5.6
3.4
14.0
4.2
17.0
4.7
20.5

411.3
16.7
4.2
22.0
1.3
1.4
49.4
242.9
217.4
3.8
5.7
3.4
14.1
4.2
17.1
4.8
20.7

1,687.4
84.6
24.8
106.7
10.2
11.1
302.3
766.1
640.8
18.1
25.6
21.3
96.9
23.1
69.8
26.4
97.8

1,713.7
85.4
26.0
108.6
10.6
10.9
304.6
765.6
640.0
18.2
26.2
21.7
98.6
23.4
71.6
26.2
97.8

1,732.1
86.0
26.0
109.6
10.7
11.8
309.1
769.6
643.2
18.4
26.5
22.1
99.6
23.6
72.0
26.2
98.4

829.9
20.4
147.8
149.9
58.9

844.5
19.8
150.1
152.0
57.6

850.6
19.8
151.7
152.6
58.0

133.9
3.6
46.7
24.7
17.7

134.3
3.7
48.4
25.1
18.3

134.7
3.7
48.4
25.2
18.4

607.8
17.4
129.2
99.4
75.4

627.4
17.3
132.3
102.5
77.0

628.8
17.4
132.6
103.0
76.9

15.6
2.0
4.8
1.6

15.6
1.9
4.9
1.8

15.7
1.9
5.0
1.8

15.8
2.7
4.0
1.5

15.8
2.7
4.2
1.4

15.8
2.7
4.1
1.4

68.1
9.7
20.4
8.0

67.5
9.8
21.0
8.2

67.7
9.9
21.0
8.1

1,118.3
67.5
44.6
147.9
207.4
106.2
106.6
63.3
52.1

1,091.0
64.5
42.5
148.1
203.9
102.6
104.7
62.0
50.9

1,091.9
64.6
42.6
145.1
204.2
103.0
104.8
62.4
51.0

203.7
13.0
5.8
33.6
41.4
26.6
14.6
13.3
7.7

210.8
13.3
6.0
34.7
41.6
28.7
15.0
14.6
8.1

211.8
13.4
6.0
34.9
41.7
28.9
15.1
14.7
8.2

1.072.4
63.6
38.3
165.5
215.6
155.8
94.8
66.7
46.9

1,098.2
65.6
39.5
172.5
217.5
161.4
97.7
68.9
47.6

1,105.7
66.0
39.9
173.8
219.5
161.8
98.2
69.2
47.9

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

164.4
1.6
3.4
50.2
51.5

157.7
1.6
3.3
48.4
49.1

158.9
1.6
3.4
48.6
49.3

63.9
2.3
1.4
20.0
22.5

62.7
2.1
1.3
20.3
22.8

63.2
2.2
1.2
20.4
22.8

280.8
6.7
8.8
103.6
73.3

274.3
6.2
8.5
98.5
74.0

275.5
6.3
8.4
98.1
74.4

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

200.6
18.4
91.7
13.3

197.0
18.9
91.1
11.6

203.2
19.2
92.0
13.5

56.9
4.1
32.6
2.5

57.3
4.1
33.2
2.5

57.6
4.1
33.7
2.5

271.5
25.9
140.9
21.0

274.9
26.3
144.7
21.3

279.6
26.6
147.0
21.6

1,060.9
80.1
11.4
11.1
35.2
50.2
12.8
59.5
387.3
100.5
131.2

1,036.1
76.3
11.1
9.9
34.1
50.6
13.0
59.9
378.7
98.1
127.4

1,045.5
76.5
11.0
10.0
34.4
51.3
13.1
60.3
380.6
98.6
128.3

237.1
14.1
4.6
5.1
4.2
17.6
4.9
6.9
94.2
44.1
43.8

244.8
14.4
4.9
5.1
4.0
18.3
5.1
7.4
97.5
45.7
44.3

245.1
14.5
4.8
5.1
4.0
18.5
4.7
7.5
98.0
45.9
43.7

1,097.5
58.4
12.3
11.1
23.3
63.5
16.4
42.0
484.6
147.7
215.5

1,132.7
60.4
12.7
11.3
23.8
67.2
16.6
43.7
503.6
150.3
217.4

1,143.4
61.2
12.7
11.4
24.0
67.2
16.7
44.2
503.8
150.4
221.4

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Chariotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point .
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.

70




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
by major industry--Continued

B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
June
1966

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987"

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

26.9
14.3
1.6
2.1

27.3
14.9
1.6
2.2

27.4
15.0
1.6
2.2

119.4
60.7
5.6
14.0

122.1
63.2
6.0
13.9

124.3
63.7
6.1
14.3

135.8
43.3
17.3
21.6

140.6
45.1
17.6
21.5

138.1
44.3
17.3
21.7

761.6
21.4
3.9
24.8
1.2
1.9
71.8
560.7
530.6
1.8
4.1
4.2
21.3
3.9
19.1
6.5
25.6

778.3
22.3
3.8
24.6
1.2
1.9
74.3
568.8
537.7
1.8
4.1
4.5
21.2
4.0
19.1
6.6
26.5

787.2
22.5
3.9
24.8
1.2
1.9
75.2
573.4
542.0
1.8
4.2
4.6
21.7
4.1
19.3
6.8
26.7

2,137.3
95.5
21.2
106.7
8.9
11.0
281.4
1,224.7
1,082.4
15.7
20.8
24.6
104.3
23.6
65.5
24.7
113.9

2,220.2
97.9
21.9
110.0
9.4
10.2
284.1
1,252.6
1,110.4
16.5
21.0
25.8
109.4
23.6
68.6
25.1
113.9

2,227.0
98.0
22.0
110.0
9.5
11.4
286.8
1,256.9
1,113.4
16.0
21.2
25.1
106.7
24.0
67.0
25.1
114.8

1,393.1
109.7
20.8
72.3
6.5
9.0
180.6
656.0
574.2
12.4
21.8
24.5
63.4
21.5
49.6
28.7
56.5

1,418.6
111.4
21.4
73.7
6.7
9.3
180.9
669.1
587.7
12.4
22.3
24.1
65.2
21.5
51.8
29.7
56.2

1,423.5
111.3
20.8
73.9
6.7
9.2
182.6
668.3
586.0
12.5
22.5
24.3
64.8
21.9
52.0
29.6
56.5

119.8
2.7
32.5
21.8
21.8

126,2
2.7
34.4
22.1
23.2

128.0
2.7
34.8
22.3
23.5

456.0
17.9
96.5
75.5
84.9

474.9
16.8
100.7
77.9
89.8

478.5
18.2
101.5
77.5
69.6

431.9
11.8
60.6
51.5
83.2

444.8
12.5
62.5
52.3
84.7

443.5
12.7
62.0
51.9
84.7

12.6
1.7
4.3
1.2

12.5
1.6
4.5
1.2

12.7
1.6
4.5
1.2

59.6
10.0
17.6
6.2

60.4
10.2
19.1
6.4

60.6
10.2
18.2
6.4

63.7
8.5
12.3
7.9

65.9
8.6
13.9
9.2

64.2
8.7
13.2
8.0

233.5
10.1
6.5
38.2
52.3
53.9
17.4
11.1
8.2

242.0
10.5
6.5
39.9
54.3
55.9
17.9
11.5
8.4

244.4
10.4
6.6
40.5
55.0
56.4
18.1
11.5
8.5

1,012.8
56.8
33.7
157.9
227.5
146.3
100.5
67.1
43.4

1,059.5
57.9
34.7
165.7
237.8
158.5
105.2
74.3
44.8

1,070.3
59.1
35.2
167.7
239.5
159.0
106.6
74.7
45.0

679.8
39.1
17.8
84.2
118.2
119.7
70.4
39.0
23.4

704.6
44.4
19.0
88.7
117.9
121.4
74.8
43.5
24.8

687.0
38.3
18.6
86.3
117.9
122.3
71.4
39.5
24.3

Oklah
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tutea

63.4
1.2
1.5
26.6
17.8

62.6
1.0
1.5
25.9
17.5

63.3
1.0
1.5
26.4
17.7

227.8
5.3
5.7
86.7
69.2

227.4
5.2
5.5
86.9
70.8

229.2
5.2
5.7
87.5
71.3

250.5
3.4
11.6
98.0
36.3

255.4
3.6
11.2
98.1
36.7

250.9
3.5
11.1
96.8
36.8

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

69.8
4.6
43.1
5.3

72.7
4.8
45.3
5.5

73.8
4.8
45.8
5.5

231.0
22.3
127.8
17.8

245.4
23.4
137.3
18.6

245.5
23.6
137.4
18.3

204.3
22.1
77.3
28.4

210.7
22.7
78.2
29.5

212.0
22.8
78.8
29.5

280.0
10.6
1.5
1.8
5.1
16.1
4.9
6.5
153.6
70.1
52.0

287.2
10.8
1.6
1.7
5.2
16.6
5.1
6.8
157.5
70.6
53.4

291.1
11.0
1.6
1.7
5.2
16.7
5.1
6.8
159.0
71.3
53.9

1,223.6
61.5
10.4
11.0
25.1
60.9
18.3
34.1
586.1
239.3
254.7

1,272.3
64.4
10.3
11.1
25.9
61.9
19.1
36.5
614.5
248.5
260.3

1,277.9
65.0
10.8
10.8
26.1
63.4
19.3
36.6
616.2
246.7
260.2

680.0
29.7
7.5
8.4
12.8
64.9
13.0
14.4
299.7
141.7
103.7

692.9
30.5
7.0
7.7
13.8
67.1
12.7
15.7
301.5
140.6
105.2

685.1
30.6
7.4
8.0
13.4
66.2
12.8
14.6
302.6
141.8
104.6

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk ""I"
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Fails
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester

«*

,

Rockland County

,

Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Chariotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Safem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead

Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield

Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania

<

,

Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle .
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.




71

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonegrlcuttural payretts In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area
June
1966

May
1987

June
1987*

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987^

(*)

<")

(*)

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

144.4
284.5
40.8
48.3
47.4
165.0

148.0
284.8
41.9
53.2
49.5
168.5

148.7
287.6
41.5
50.2
50.3
168.0

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

444.9
132.5
310.5

451.2
134.0
319.3

451.0
134.2
319.2

1,344.9
182.2
216.5
298.7

1.389.8
188.3
220.0
303.4

1,393.0
188.3
219.3
304.9

259.1
34.4
63.8

256.2
34.4
62.1

260.2
35.3
63.8

1,925.7
180.9
151.4
237.6
404.9
446.8

2,011.4
182.1
155.2
242.2
413.3
456.1

2,013.9
179.4
155.0
244.3
412.8
456.4

7.5
1.0
.2
1.9
.1
.8

6,568.7
50.2
78.2
356.2
129.6
58.0
65.5
46.6
129.9
1,344.8
183.3
511.4
72.4
1,411.3
69.0
34.7
65.6
90.6
86.8
45.1
45.3
37.0
495.6
38.1
45.0
61.8
28.4
77.4
50.7

6,504.4
50.1
77.6
361.1
127.4
57.1
65.7
48.1
128.0
1.310.2
185.3
514.3
69.2
1.373.0
69.2
35.0
64.5
89.8
88.1
43.6
43.8
36.9
497.5
38.3
44.8
60.6
28.0
78.5
50.3

6,505.4
49.7
77.2
352.4
127.0
57.0
65.7
46.3
127.0
1,305.2
184.9
512.1
70.3
1.373.8
69.3
35.1
63.8
88.8
87.4
43.9
44.3
36.5
497.0
37.9
45.0
60.7
27.8
77.7
50.4

201.3
2.4
1.6
1.0
1.7
1.6
.1
.8
6.7
21.3
.2
3.7
.5
71.5
.1
1.7
3.7
.3
1.1
9.4
6.4
.6
2.7
.2
.1
2.0
1.9
.2
2.1

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

637.1
71.2
446.1

642.0
72.0
449.2

645.0
72.3
451.2

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

234.3
31.4
71.2

235.8
32.5
73.6

238.8
32.9
73.7

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman—Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

See footnotes at end of table.

72




,

<

June
1987"

6.2
11.5
1.4
2.3
2.0
9.0

6.6
12.4
1.6
2.5
2.1
9.4

.4

.4

.4

.1
.1
.1

.1
.1
.1

.1
.1
.1

18.3
4.8
13.8

18.4
4.6
15.9

18.9
4.8
16.2

1.7

89.6
14.0
14.5
22.8

91.2
14.5
15.1
21.7

93.6
15.0
15.2
22.2

2.6
.3

10.9
2.5
2.6

10.2
2.2
2.4

11.0
2.3
2.6

7.0
1.0
.1
1.8
.1
.9

7.1
1.0
.1
1.7
.1
.9

88.8
7.1
5.2
11.7
18.8
27.1

98.1
7.0
5.3
11.4
19.3
30.4

98.8
7.2
5.6
11.0
19.5
31.3

189.9
2.2
1.3
.9
1.6
1.3
.1
.8
5.7
19.1
.1
3.4
.4
62.4
.1
2.1
3.6
.3
1.0
8.3
6.2
.5
2.6
.1
.1
2.0
1.8
.1
2.0

190.9
2.2
1.3
.9
1.6
1.3
.1
.8
5.7
19.2
.1
3.4
.4
62.5
.1
2.1
3.6
.3
1.0
8.5
6.4
.6
2.6
.1
.1
2.0
1.7
.1
2.0

418.1

4.3
4.6
1.7
2.9
2.0
36.5
1.9
2.1
3.1
2.0
4.0
2.2

366.0
2.3
3.9
19.7
7.2
5.9
2.7
2.0
7.6
64.5
9.5
30.4
3.3
83.0
3.7
1.3
3.0
2.9
4.4
1.6
2.3
1.9
31.6
1.8
1.5
2.7
2.0
3.9
2.0

365.8
2.3
3.7
19.4
7.2
5.8
2.6
1.9
7.4
64.3
9.6
30.5
3.2
82.5
3.7
1.4
3.0
2.8
4.4
1.6
2.4
1.9
31.2
1.8
1.4
2.7
2.1
3.9
2.0

8.3

35.0
3.0
25.1

28.6
2.6
20.6

30.4
2.7
21.9

16.3
2.2
4.3

14.7
2.0
3.9

15.3
2.2
4.2

0.7
.2
.2

<*)

(*)

1.6

1.6
(1)

O
0
2.6
.3

2.7
.3
1

1

1

()

()

()

8.4

7.3

0)

0.7
.2
.2
(*)

(1)
(1)
(1)

0)
O
(1)

()

May
1987

6.1
11.9
1.2
2.3
1.9
8.7

0.8
.2
.2

1

June
1986

(1)

(1)

1.6

2.7

.6
.2

.5
.4

O

2.7
.8
.4
1

()

2.5
4.1
23.5
7.1
6.0
2.7
2.3
8.3
83.8
10.1
31.1
4.2
93.7
4.0
1.3

3.3

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In Slates and selected areas by i
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade

Tra nsportation and
Ipublic utilities

Manufacturing

State and area
June
1986
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987"

48.2
73.8
9.7
7.4
15.5
57.8

48.1
71.4
9.2
7.3
16.2
57.1

48.1
72.2
9.4
7.2
16.6
57.2

6.4
14.7
1.9
1.2
1.7
6.9

6.7
15.2
1.8
1.3
1.9
7.3

6.8
15.3
1.8
1.3
1.8
7.1

31.4
63.6
10.7
9.2
10.5
39.5

32.0
63.9
11.3
9.5
10.9
39.7

32.3
64.3
11.3
9.5
11.0
39.8

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

119.9
55.5
75.3

120.0
56.1
75.2

120.4
56.1
75.4

14.9
3.5
11.2

14.9
3.7
11.6

15.1
3.7
11.8

100.6
31.4
67.7

100.1
31.4
69.7

101.7
31.8
70.8

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

365.4
19.9
28.4
99.1

365.3
20.9
28.9
98.6

367.3
21.1
29.7
99.4

56.2
9.3
9.9
10.6

57.6
9.5
10.4
11.2

58.1
9.6
10.4
11.2

295.3
44.8
47.7
66.3

306.4
46.7
46.6
69.5

310.8
46.9
46.5
69.5

28.3
3.1
8.5

27.0
3.1
6.6

28.0
3.2
7.3

12.2
1.7
4.5

12.6
1.9
4.6

12.3
1.8
4.7

67.6
10.2
16.7

67.3
10.2
17.0

68.5
10.8
17.0

490.5
44.2
52.1
48.2
52.4
89.2

495.8
43.1
51.7
50.5
52.5
87.9

498.0
42.7
52.3
50.7
52.0
88.9

95.6
8.7
6.3
8.7
35.6
21.6

98.8
8.6
6.3
9.2
37.4
22.1

97.7
8.6
6.4
9.3
37.6
22.2

451.0
42.2
33.5
60.7
112.5
108.8

475.4
41.7
34.0
59.0
112.1
108.9

479.0
42.9
34.2
60.3
112.3
110.8

959.6
4.9
10.0
41.0
25.3
15.7
9.5
3.2
12.2
227.7
35.6
112.6
9.4
153.8
8.8
1.7
15.1
7.4
12.5
3.2
4.0
5.7
49.0
11.7
7.2
11.6
3.1
15.5
8.3

948.8
4.8
9.7
39.3
24.3
14.9
9.6
2.9
11.7
223.1
34.7
113.1
8.4
147.9
8.8
1.9
14.9
7.3
12.6
3.0
3.7
5.8
46.4
11.1
7.2
10.8
2.9
15.0
8.2

952.0
4.8
10.0
39.2
24.4
15.0
9.6
3.0
11.7
223.8
35.1
110.8
8.9
148.3
8.7
2.0
15.0
7.5
12.5
3.0
3.7
5.7
46.5
11.3
7.2
10.8
3.1
15.1
8.3

370.7
2.6
6.0
11.1
9.8
2.3
3.1
1.6
7.2
86.5
10.0
25.5
4.8
95.2
2.9
4.0
3.1
4.5
2.8
2.3
2.1
3.3
18.5
2.0
1.8
2.9
1.5
3.5
2.7

377.3
2.5
5.5
11.2
9.5
2.2
3.0
1.5
7.0
86.5
9.8
27.4
4.6
91.5
2.7
3.9
3.1
4.4
2.9
2.2
2.1
3.1
17.9
2.1
1.7
2.7
1.5
3.3
2.6

379.0
2.6
5.5
11.1
9.4
2.2
3.0
1.6
7.0
87.3
9.9
27.8
4.5
91.4
2.6
3.9
3.1
4.6
2.9
2.2
2.1
3.1
18.0
2.1
1.7
2.7
1.5
3.4
2.6

1.686.1
14.0
23.0
81.7
32.6
11.4
18.1
11.4
34.3
359.6
45.3
137.9
14.3
362.3
16.4
10.5
17.6
27.9
25.2
10.8
13.4
9.4
128.7
8.6
10.9
16.4
8.2
18.7
12.2

1,658.7
14.2
22.9
80.2
31.3
11.2
17.7
10.9
34.2
351.1
45.3
133.6
13.8
348.9
16.3
9.8
17.0
27.6
25.8
10.6
12.9
9.5
130.9
8.8
10.9
16.4
7.9
19.2
12.5

1,659.5
14.1
22.8
80.3
31.3
11.2
17.7
10.8
34.0
349.6
45.3
133.8
14.3
349.5
16.3
9.7
16.5
27.4
25.8
10.8
13.1
9.3
131.3
8.6
11.3
16.4
7.7
19.2
12.5

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

93.2
11.7
62.0

92.9
10.2
61.6

93.4
10.1
61.8

37.4
2.4
28.8

37.2
2.6
28.6

37.3
2.7
28.6

152.3
15.3
111.6

155.2
16.1
114.2

156.6
16.1
115.1

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

49.7
4.3
16.8

49.0
4.4
16.6

49.5
4.6
16.7

9.9
.8
3.1

10.2
.9
3.2

10.4
.9
3.2

52.7
6.6
15.9

54.6
6.9
16.6

54.8
6.9
16.6

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Gatveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

See footnotes at end of table.




73

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

State and area
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1967

June
1987"

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

7.2
12.1
1.4
1.6
2.2
4.9

7.8
12.6
1.3
1.7
2.3
5.1

8.0
12.9
1.3
1.7
2.3
5.3

29.0
67.7
10.4
9.0
9.1
29.1

29.9
68.6
11.3
9.4
9.5
31.5

30.2
69.2
10.6
9.6
9.6
31.4

16.1
39.9
5.3
17.4
6.5
17.7

17.3
40.9
5.4
21.5
6.7
18.4

16.7
40.6
5.3
18.2
6.9
17.4

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

25.1
3.8
21.2

25.4
3.7
21.6

25.5
3.9
21.6

108.4
23.7
77.7

113.1
24.4
81.4

110.6
24.1
79.8

57.6
9.7
43.5

59.2
10.0
43.8

58.7
9.7
43.5

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

62.0
8.6
17.2
11.5

65.0
8.8
17.6
11.6

66.1
8.8
17.9
11.7

225.6
36.3
39.5
48.2

237.6
37.9
40.3
49.7

240.3
38.0
39.8
50.1

249.2
49.2
58.9
39.9

265.1
49.9
60.7
40.8

255.1
48.8
59.4
40.5

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

14.4
1.7
6.1

14.3
1.7
5.8

14.5
1.7
5.9

60.9
8.4
17.4

61.5
8.2
17.9

61.5
8.4
18.0

62.0
6.5
8.0

60.7
6.9
7.6

61.6
6.7
8.3

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

94.5
11.1
4.8
8.5
23.0
30.7

95.6
12.1
4.9
8.5
23.4
30.3

96.7
12.2
4.9
8.7
23.5
30.3

386.9
35.5
26.0
50.1
94.8
105.5

410.6
35.2
26.8
50.8
98.9
108.7

416.3
34.2
26.9
51.7
99.5
108.4

310.8
31.1
23.3
47.9
67.7
63.0

330.1
33.4
26.1
51.0
69.6
66.9

320.3
30.6
24.6
50.9
68.3
63.6

452.1
2.6
4.4
25.9
5.7
2.2

440.8
2.6
4.3
25.3
5.4
2.0
3.4
1.7
6.7
130.8
10.0
28.8
4.3
100.4
3.0
1.6
3.1
5.4
3.8
1.6
1.8
39.5
1.5
1.9
3.7
1.5
4.9
2.4

439.6
2.6
4.4
25.3
5.4
2.1
3.4
1.7
6.8
130.6
9.8
28.9
4.3
99.6
3.0
1.6
3.1
5.4
3.8
2.8
1.6
1.8
39.5
1.5
1.9
3.7
1.5
4.8
2.4

1,380.6
13.1
16.2
83.1
28.0
7.6
13.7
8.0
26.7
290.5
34.8
111.0
13.6
340.7
13.7
5.9
11.2
20.5
13.7
8.8
7.4
7.8
115.0
7.1
9.0
13.3
5.9
18.4
11.1

1,369.6
13.1
16.5
84.2
28.1
8.0
13.8
7.9
27.5
285.4
35.8
t13.3
13.5
347.9
14.4
6.0
11.4
20.3
13.6
8.7
7.3
7.8
118.2
7.7
9.0
13.4
5.8
19.6
11.1

1,379.9
12.8
16.8
83.9
28.3
8.1
14.5
7.8
27.0
286.0
36.3
114.8
13.7
350.9
14.6
6.0
11.2
20.9
13.7
8.8
7.4
7.6
118.4
7.3
9.2
13.5
5.8
18.8
11.1

1,098.2
8.1
12.9
88.9
19.4
11.2
14.8
17.5
27.5
141.0
37.5
60.9
21.1
188.1
19.9
8.0
8.2
20.1
22.9
6.0
7.4
6.4
106.5
5.0
12.0
8.6
4.2
12.2
9.6

1,153.3
8.4
13.5
100.3
20.0
11.6
15.4
20.4
27.6
149.7
40.1
64.3
20.9
191.0
20.2
8.4
8.4
21.6
24.0
6.4
7.7
6.5
110.4
5.2
12.5
8.9
4.6
12.5
9.5

1,138.7
8.3
12.7
92.3
19.4
11.3
14.8
18.7
27.4
144.4
38.8
62.1
21.0
189.1
20.3
8.4
8.3
19.9
23.3
6.2
7.6
6.5
109.5
5.0
12.2
8.9
4.4
12.4
9.5

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen—Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

3.5
1.8
7.0
134.4
9.8
28.7
4.5
106.0
3.2
1.6
3.4
5.6
4.0
2.9
1.7
1.8
38.7
1.6
1.9
3.9
1.6
4.9
2.5

2.8

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

33.3
2.3
27.6

33.9
2.4
27.9

34.1
2.5
28.1

137.0
23.0
95.3

139.5
23.8
97.0

142.1
24.1
98.8

141.7
13.4
94.2

146.2
14.1
96.5

142.8
14.0
94.3

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

10.9
2.8
3.2

11.8
2.9
3.4

12.1
2.9
3.5

56.5
6.5
17.5

54.3
6.9
18.3

56.6
6.9
18.7

37.7
8.0
10.4

40.7
8.1
11.6

39.3
8.1
10.8

See footnotes at end of table.

74




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

<^onstructior

State and area
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987"

2,585.0
30.3
64.6
39.0
70.1
538.8
661.2
417.3
118.5

2,631.4
31.1
64.3
39.1
71.5
544.8
678.9
426.9
121.1

2.656.0
31.4
64.8
39.4
71.6
553.6
687.8
427.4
123.5

16.8
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
.4
.2

15.6

1,790.1
892.8

1,831.0
917.5

1,849.0
925.5

600.5
108.4
100.3
58.6
57.1

603.4
108.3
102.0
59.9
57.7

603.8
108.7
101.7
60.5
58.0

Wausau

2,042.2
141.1
53.3
92.0
54.4
37.3
47.7
190.4
681.5
68.8
44.8
45.1

2,058.5
143.0
56.4
92.1
53.5
39.9
50.1
196.8
686.9
68.5
45.5
46.3

2,089.3
145.1
56.2
92.9
54.0
39.8
49.6
196.3
694.8
69.3
46.9
46.9

Wyoming

204.1

192.7

196.6

Puerto Rico
Caguas

738.4
44.7
52.8
45.6
452.0

735.2
44.6
52.2
46.2
452.4

775.1
46.2
52.2
48.1
476.9

0)
0)

37.0

37.6

37.5

0)

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville

Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg

Roanoke
Washing

Seattle
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah

Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan

Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

Virgin Islands

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987^

.4
.4
.1

15.6
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.4
.4
.1

174.4
.9
3.6
1.5
3.2
38.9
49.3
26.1
7.1

173.7
.8
3.7
1.2
3.2
36.5
47.3
26.8
7.1

177.4
.8
3.9
1.3
3.3
37.4
49.9
27.1
7.3

3.0
.6

3.0
.6

3.0
.6

88.1
46.1

89.5
44.5

92.9
45.6

40.7
2.5
1.1
.7
2.4

36.4
2.4
.4.0
.8
2.3

36.4
2.4
1.0
.8
2.4

24.2
4.7
3.8
2.9
1.8

25.3
5.1
3.9
3.0
1.7

26.3
5.3
4.0
3.1
1.8

2.4

68.7
6.0
1.8
3.2
1.3
.9
1.2
6.4
20.5
2.1
1.3
1.6

65.9
5.7
1.4
2.7
1.2
1.0
1.1
5.8
20.6
2.1
1.1
1.3

68.2
5.6
1.4
2.8
1.1
1.0
1.3
5.9
20.6
2.4
1.1
1.4

18.6

18.8

14.6

15.7

2.3
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

2.3
(1)
(1)

(1)

0
01
(1)
()
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()

01
(1)
()
O
0
01
()
V)

O
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()

o

19.4

17.8

.7

.1

.8

0)
0)

.4

.1

.5

0)

.8

O
(1)

.1
.5

29.3

0)
0)

33.7

0)
(1)

2.6
23.6

3.4
25.9

2.3

1.6

34.4

O
V)

3.5
26.3
1.7

See footnotes at end of table.




75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-8. Employees on nonagriculturat payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
IHJblic utilitiesi

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987"

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987*

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987*

Virginia
Bristol
Chariottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

423.3
9.4
8.6
16.3
23.7
69.7
34.6
61.1
20.7

422.0
9.9
8.5
16.6
24.2
65.8
33.8
62.7
20.6

425.3
9.9
8.5
16.8
24.2
66.6
34.1
63.3
20.7

134.1
1.1
2.1
1.0
3.0
25.9
42.4
21.7
9.1

141.1
1.2
2.2
1.0
3.0
25.9
48.2
22.4
8.8

141.3
1.2
2.2
1.0
3.0
25.5
48.9
22.5
8.9

583.2
8.0
12.0
8.1
12.9
130.3
154.4
101.5
31.4

601.7
8.4
11.9
8.1
13.4
137.8
157.7
101.8
33.3

606.9
8.5
12.0
8.1
13.3
140.6
158.7
101.6
35.0

Washington
Seattle

305.5
171.2

310.2
178.6

314.1
180.8

96.3
58.0

97.8
58.0

99.6
59.0

440.4
220.0

451.6
227.7

461.7
230.7

87.6
12.4
19.3
14.5
6.9

86.7
12.0
19.4
14.3
7.1

87.3
11.9
19.6
14.6
7.0

36.7
8.2
7.4
2.0
3.1

35.9
8.3
7.4
2.0
2.9

36.3
8.3
7.4
2.0
3.0

138.2
28.5
26.0
14.2
15.4

138.8
28.4
25.9
14.3
15.9

139.7
28.5
25.8
14.3
16.2

Wausau

520.0
49.8
10.4
25.3
17.8
11.1
10.3
21.6
169.2
24.6
18.9
12.2

513.5
49.1
10.2
23.7
16.7
12.8
10.1
21.9
165.5
23.8
19.0
12.8

526.2
51.0
10.3
24.1
17.0
12.8
10.1
22.3
166.3
23.9
19.9
13.5

93.2
5.3
2.7
6.5
2.0
1.4
2.4
6.4
34.7
2.3
1.4
2.8

94.1
5.5
3.2
6.7
1.9
1.5
2.3
6.7
35.3
2.4
1.5
2.9

94.5
5.5
3.2
6.8
1.9
1.5
2.3
6.7
35.2
2.4
1.5
2.9

484.3
29.8
14.9
23.7
13.7
8.6
13.2
41.0
156.6
16.1
8.6
11.4

491.0
30.3
16.7
24.3
13.8
8.6
14.3
43.4
160.9
16.5
8.9
11.8

499.9
30.2
16.6
24.5
14.1
8.7
14.2
43.3
163.5
16.7
9.0
11.9

Wyoming

8.0

7.8

8.0

14.3

13.9

14.1

47.1

44.0

45.6

148.0
14.3
20.4
8.7
64.8

150.9
15.7
20.0
8.5
64.6

147.1
15.3
17.6
7.5
64.2

16.2

14.8
(1)
1
()

14.8
(1)
(1)

10.7

10.7

124.7
8.2
6.9
7.3
85.9

129.4
8.2
7.0
7.8
89.3

127.5
8.0
6.9
7.8
88.5

1.7

1.9

1.9

2.5

2.5

8.4

8.7

8.7

Wsst Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan

Puerto Rico

Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.

76




O
0)
V)

12.5
2.4

0)

0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

Services

State and area
June
1986

Washington
Seattle
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Virgin Islands
Not available.
Combined with construction.
= preliminary.




May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

536.3
5.5
23.5
5.4
9.6
127.7

534.8
5.4
23.6
5.3

88.8
27.2

130.2
208.4
89.1
27.3

529.4
5.4
23.8
5.3
9.8
126.0
138.0
87.9
15.0

394.6
201.2

410.7
209.7

410.3
210.5

356.0
129.0

360.7
131.4

359.5
130.9

24.6
6.1
4.4
2.2
2.7

121.2
24.8
20.0
12.8
15.4

126.5
24.9
20.6
13.3
15.5

126.0
25.0
20.7
13.4
15.3

127.8
21.3
18.4

129.4

9.3
9.5

21.2
19.4
10.1
9.7

127.2
21.2
18.8
10.1

112.7
7.3
1.9
3.4
1.7
1.2
1.5
17.7
48.5
2.2
2.0
3.4

436.8
26.2

446.5
27.7

11.6
19.3
11.1
8.1
12.7
40.2

12.3
20.4
11.4
8.5
13.5
41.7
174.8
13.2
7.5
8.1

452.3
28.1
12.5
20.4
11.5
8.1
13.5
41.7
176.8
13.1
7.8
7.9

328.2
17.0
10.1
10.7
6.7
6.2
6.5
57.5
83.6
8.4
5.4
5.7

333.9
17.3
10.7
10.9
6.9
6.4
7.4
59.6
81.6
8.2
5.5
6.1

137.5
.9
3.2
1.1
3.4
25.0
43.0
34.7
8.2

139.7
.9
3.2
1.1
3.4
25.5
43.8
35.1
8.3

590.8
4.6
11.3
5.7
14.0
123.1
201.3
85.5
27.0

605.0
4.5
11.3
5.7
14.7

613.5
4.5
11.5
5.7

126.9
206.7

106.2
66.7

107.5
67.0

107.9
67.4

24.1
6.0
4.3
2.2
2.6

24.4
6.0
4.4
2.1
2.6

108.8
7.0
1.9
3.2
1.7
1.1
1.5
17.1
46.6
2.2
2.1
3.4

111.3
7.2
1.9
3.3
1.7
1.1
1.5
17.5
47.8
2.2
2.0
3.4

.9

169.9
13.1
7.2
8.0

14.7

9.6
127.0
141.8
89.4
15.7

143.6
88.4
15.9

9.6
333.1
17.2
10.2
10.8
6.7
6.5
6.8
58.6
83.5
8.6
5.6
5.8

8.3

7.9

7.9

33.7

32.8

35.5

54.3

53.9

53.2

32.7
(1)

33.4

33.6

96.0

103.8
(1)

102.8

290.9
16.9
17.7
16.4

167.8

268.3
14.9
16.4
15.6
159.6

314.1
17.1
18.9
18.5
185.7

13.0

12.6

12.5

Wyoming
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

June
1986

3.1
1.2
3.3
24.8
40.6
33.2
8.1

132.9
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

June
1987»»

May
1987

O
0

O
1

0)
1

0)1
()

26.6

27.2

27.4

7.6
70.4

1.5

1.6

1.6

7.7

O

0
(1)

7.7
74.7

7.7
73.7

8.7

8.6

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1986 benchmarks.

77

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major Industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

Construction

Mining
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.44

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
524.97

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.47

367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.46
466.38

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33

114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

95.45
98.82
101.84

107.73

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1986:
July
August
September
October
November.
December.
1987:
January
February ...
March
April
May
Junep
July15

34.9
35.1
34.8
34.7
34.7
34.8

$8.70
8.70
8.82
8.82
8.88
8.86

$303.63
305.37
306.94
306.05
308.14
308.33

41.4
42.3
42.1
42.1
41.4
42.4

$12.49
12.51
12.52
12.50
12.57
12.63

$517.09
529.17
527.09
526.25
520.40
535.51

38.2
38.3
38.5
37.9
36.5
36.8

$12.34
12.44
12.59
12.68
12.66
12.77

$471.39
476.45
484.72
480.57
462.09
469.94

34.4
34.5
34.6
34.6
34.8
35.0
35.0

8.90
8.92
8.92
8.91
8.93
8.92
8.91

306.16
307.74
308.63
308.29
310.76
312.20
311.85

42.5
42.0
41.8
41.8
42.4
42.4
42.7

12.66
12.56
12.51
12.43
12.42
12.44
12.34

538.05
527.52
522.92
519.57
526.61
527.46
526.92

37.2
36.8
37.4
37.4
38.5
38.1
38.5

12.58
12.51
12.59
12.55
12.60
12.62
12.59

467.98
460.37
470.87
469.37
485.10
480.82
484.72

See footnotes at end of table.




79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing
Year and
month

Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2

3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7

7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.54
9.73

7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.34

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.61
2.73
2.88
3.05
3.23

$102.56
106.49
111.11
116.06
122.31
129.85

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.5
39.4
39.3
38.8
38.7
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.44
3.65
3.85
4.08
4.39
4.73
5.03
5.39
5.88
6.39

137.26
144.18
151.69
160.34
170.33
183.05
194.66
209.13
228.14
247.93

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64

38.5
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.4

6.96
7.56
8.09
8.55
8.89
9.16
9.35

267.96
291.06
309.85
329.18
342.27
351.74
359.04

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Wholesale trade

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1986:
July
August
September.
October
November..
December..
1987:
January
February ....
March
April
May
June"
July"

40.2
40.7
41.0
40.7
41.0
41.5

$9.74
9.68
9.73
9.72
9.78
9.85

$9.35
9.27
9.31
9.32
9.37
9.42

$391.55
393.98
398.93
395.60
400.98
408.78

39.4
39.4
39.2
39.1
39.3
39.1

$11.67
11.67
11.77
11.77
11.90
11.90

$459.80
459.80
461.38
460.21
467.67
465.29

38.5
38.5
38.3
38.4
38.4
38.4

$9.30
9.32
9.37
9.36
9.47
9.47

$358.05
358.82
358.87
359.42
363.65
363.65

40.8
40.8
40.9
40.4
40.9
41.1
40.6

9.84
9.84
9.85
9.87
9.87
9.88
9.88

9.44
9.44
9.44
9.48
9.45
9.45
9.46

401.47
401.47
402.87
398.75
403.68
406.07
401.13

38.5
39.0
38.9
38.8
39.0
39.3
39.3

11.89
11.93
11.90
11.94
11.95
11.95
11.99

457.77
465.27
462.91
463.27
466.05
469.64
471.21

38.1
37.9
37.9
38.1
38.3
38.4
38.2

9.49
9.55
9.53
9.53
9.57
9.56
9.57

361.57
361.95
361.19
363.09
366.53
367.10
365.57

See footnotes at end of table.

80




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

Services
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.35

209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
303.94

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.16

190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.75
265.20

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03

147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
176.08

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1986:
July
August
September
October
November.
December.
1987:
January
February ...
March
April
May
Junep
July"

29.9
29.9
29.1
29.0
29.0
29.4

$5.98
5.97
6.06
6.06
6.08
6.07

$178.80
178.50
176.35
175.74
176.32
178.46

36.3
36.5
36.2
36.4
36.5
36.5

$8.30
8.34
8.39
8.39
8.57
8.48

$301.29
304.41
303.72
305.40
312.81
309.52

32.8
32.8
32.4
32.4
32.4
32.4

$8.04
8.04
8.19
8.23
8.33
8.32

$263.71
263.71
265.36
266.65
269.89
269.57

28.3
28.7
28.9
29.2
29.3
29.6
30.0

6.09
6.09
6.08
6.09
6.09
6.07
6.07

172.35
174.78
175.71
177.83
178.44
179.67
182.10

36.3
36.4
36.3
36.3
36.3
36.4
36.0

8.60
8.75
8.72
8.71
8.72
8.65
8.63

312.18
318.50
316.54
316.17
316.54
314.86
310.68

32.2
32.4
32.4
32.3
32.4
32.6
32.7

8.37
8.43
8.41
8.40
8.38
8.35
8.34

269.51
273.13
272.48
271.32
271.51
272.21
272.72

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.




p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1986 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1986 forward are subject to revision.

81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Total private .
Mining

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

34.9

34.8

35.0

35.0

41.9

41.4

42.4

42.4

42.7

40.5
40.6
40.5

41.7
41.1
42.4

41.9
41.4
42.3

41.6
41.7

42.1
42.2

0
01
02

41.1
40.9
42.0

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining .

1,12
2

40.4
40.4

Oil and gas extraction
3
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2
Oil and gas field services
38

41.7
42.1
41.5

42.2
42.8
41.9

41.6
40.9
42.0

41.2
41.1
41.3

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels .
Crushed and broken stone

45.1
46.9

45.3
47.6

46.4
48.0

46.5
48.1

37.8

38.2

38.5

38.1

Construction .

July
1987P

34.9

Metal mining ...
Iron ores
Copper ores .

4
142

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

38.5

General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction .

15
152
153
154

37.3
36.7
39.5
37.9

37.4
36.7
39.3
38.1

38.0
37.8
38.8
38.3

37.7
37.3
38.9
38.0

Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway .

16
161
162

41.5
42.3
41.1

42.5
43.2
42.1

42.7
43.7
42.1

41.5
42.5
40.9

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning ...
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating .
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

36.8
38.2
35.2
38.6
35.0
34.5

34. t

37.2
38.6
36.1
39.2
35.4
34.1
34.9

37.5
38.4
36.3
38.6
35.3
35.7
34.7

37.3
38.3
35.8
39.0
35.6
35.6
34.3

40.8

40.2

40.9

41.1

40.6

3.4

3.3

3.6

3.7

3.6

41.4

40.6

41.5

41.7

41.0

3.5

3.3

3.7

3.8

3.6

Manufacturing.
Durable goods .
Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

40.8
41.2
41.6
41.8
41.0
41.1
41.2
40.6
40.6
41.6
38.5
39.3
39.3
40.3

40.2
40.6
41.1
41.3
40.3
40.2
40.5
39.8
40.0
40.2
37.9
39.5
39.8
39.2

41.3
40.2
42.5
42.7
42.0
41.8
42.4
40.2
41.3
43.4
38.4
39.6
38.8
40.5

41.2
40.8
42.0
42.0
42.2
41.7
42.4
40.8
41.0
42.1
39.1
39.6
39.0
40.7

40.2

3.8
4.1
4.5
4.7
3.6
3.9
3.6
3.5
3.2
4.7
2.5
2.6
2.2
3.3

3.6
3.7
4.1
4.4
2.8
3.7
3.5
3.4
3.2
4.4
2.3
3.0
2.7
3.1

4.0
4.3
4.7
4.9
4.2
4.0
3.8
3.3
3.9
4.9
2.9
2.9
2.3
3.2

4.1
4.2
4.7
4.9
4.2
4.0
4.1
3.5
3.8
4.7
3.1
3.4
3.1
3.3

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture ....
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture .
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures .

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

39.8
38.9
39.3
38.1
39.4
39.1
41.4

39.5
39.1
39.7
38.1
41.2
37.8
40.2
39.9
40.4
39.8

40.0
39.5
40.1
38.5
41.1
38.7
40.7
40.4
41.1
40.3

39.3

40.1
41.7
40.4

39.0
37.9
38.6
36.7
38.3
38.3
40.6
39.1
41.3
40.3

2.5
2.1
2.3
1.5
2.6
2.2
3.1
3.2
3.6
2.5

2.3
1.7
1.9
1.1
2.4
2.4
2.8
3.2
3.7
2.2

2.5
2.5
2.5
1.8
4.1
2.6
2.8
2.6
2.9
2.2

2.7
2.5
2.5
2.1
3.5
2.8
2.8
3.5
3.5
2.3

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown .

32
321
322

42.6
43.9
41.5

42.4
45.9
40.9

42.8
46.3
41.4

42.6
47.2
41.4

42.6

5.1
6.2
4.6

5.1
7.2
4.7

5.3
7.1
4.6

5.3
6.0
4.8

See footnotes at end of table.

82




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Total private
Mining

June

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

$8.72

$8.70

$8.93

$8.92

$8.91 $304.33 $303.63 $310.76 $312.20 $311.85

12.49

12.49

12.42

12.44

12.34

523.33

517.09

526.61

527.46

526.92

12.97
14.36
11.55

13.02
14.40
11.44

554.85
573.42
553.56

539.87
564.75
515.16

540.85
590.20
489.72

545.54
596.16
483.91

15.63
15.68

15.61
15.66

616.50
618.93

583.60
587.79

650.21
653.86

657.18
660.85

11.71
13.79
10.33

11.45
13.90
10.03

11.46
13.99
10.02

487.89
580.14
429.53

494.16
590.21
432.83

476.32
568.51
421.26

472.15
574.99
413.83

10.38
9.87

10.41
9.93

10.58
10.07

10.68
10.09

468.14
462.90

471.57
472.67

490.91
483.36

496.62
485.33

12.34

12.34

12.60

12.62

12.59 466.45

471.39

485.10

480.82

15
152
153
154

11.28
10.71
9.57
12.02

11.26
10.65
9.51
12.01

11.64
10.95
10.05
12.49

11.64
10.96
10.30
12.49

420.74
393.06
378.02
455.56

421.12
390.86
373.74
457.58

442.32
413.91
389.94
478.37

438.83
408.81
400.67
474.62

16
161
162

11.99
11.77
12.12

11.96
11.79
12.06

12.04
11.93
12.11

12.15
12.14
12.15

497.59
497.87
498.13

508.30
509.33
507.73

514.11
521.34
509.83

504.23
515.95
496.94

17
171

12.93
13.08
12.33
14.37
13.08
12.60
11.39

12.93
13.14
12.33
14.35
13.05
12.63
11.44

13.18
13.47
12.49
14.63
13.43
12.64
11.46

13.17
13.37
12.40
14.68
13.47
12.58
11.45

475.82
499.66
434.02
554.68
457.80
434.70
388.40

481.00
507.20
445.11
562.52
461.97
430.68
399.26

494.25
517.25
453.39
564.72
474.08
451.25
397.66

491.24
512.07
443.92
572.52
479.53
447.85
392.74

9.71

9.74

9.87

9.88

9.88

396.17

391.55

403.68

406.07

401.13

10.26

10.26

10.40

10.43

10.41

424.76

416.56

431.60

434.93

426.81

8.40
11.06
8.67
9.10
6.55
8.21
8.44
7.53
6.76
9.74
5.90
7.60
7.67
7.26

8.29
10.70
8.51
8.92
6.51
8.14
8.30
7.52
6.83
9.60
5.92
7.58
7.71
7.28

8.37
10.80
8.50
8.86
6.79
8.33
8.63
7.63
6.80
9.66
6.12
7.86
7.93
7.31

8.44
11.00
8.57
8.94
6.79
8.34
8.64
7.65
6.84
9.78
6.12
7.93
8.05
7.36

8.49

342.72
455.67
360.67
380.38
268.55
337.43
347.73
305.72
274.46
405.18
227.15
298.68
301.43
292.58

333.26
434.42
349.76
368.40
262.35
327.23
336.15
299.30
273.20
385.92
224.37
299.41
306.86
285.38

345.68
434.16
361.25
378.32
285.18
348.19
365.91
306.73
280.84
419.24
235.01
311.26
307.68
296.06

347.73
448.80
359.94
375.48
286.54
347.78
366.34
312.12
280.44
411.74
239.29
314.03
313.95
299.55

341.30

7.45
6.81
6.29
7.36
7.22
7.22
8.31
7.92
8.94
7.79

7.64
7.06
6.53
7.74
7.02
7.62
8.68
8.12
9.09
7.93

7.66
7.04
6.50
7.72
7.10
7.52
8.67
8.11
9.15
8.12

7.70

297.31
266.47
248.77
284.99
275.41
285.43
349.83
315.19
370.71
316.74

290.55
258.10
242.79
270.11
276.53
276.53
337.39
309.67
369.22
313.94

301.78
276.05
259.24
294.89
289.22
288.04
348.94
323.99
367.24
315.61

306.40
278.08
260.65
297.22
291.81
291.02
352.87
327.64
376.07
327.24

302.61

10.06
14.25
11.04

10.26
14.51
11.35

10.27
14.32
11.41

10.27 427.70

426.54
654.08
451.54

439.13
671.81
469.89

437.50
675.90
472.37

437.50

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

13.50
14.02
13.18

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

11,12
12

15.26
15.32

Oil and gas extraction
13
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2
Oil and gas field services
138

11.70
13.78
10.35

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

14
142

13.33
13.91
12.72

Crushed and broken stone
484.72

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

172
173
174
175

176

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Mill work, plywood, and structural members
IvifllWOrK

..*.'.....

Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243

2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251

259

7.47
6.85
6.33
7.48
6.99
7.30
8.45
7.86
8.89
7.84

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown

32
321
322

10.04
13.90
11.00

2511

2512
2514
2515
252
253
254

610.21
456.50

See footnotes at end of table.




83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricuitural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products ....
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

42.0
40.9
42.1
41.0
41.8
40.1
44.7
46.3
43.8
44.3
41.4
41.1
43.4

40.7
41.2
41.5
41.2
41.3
39.1
44.6
46.1
44.0
44.3
40.9
41.7
42.6

41.9
40.8
41.5
41.3
41.9
40.3
44.9
46.8
43.3
45.0
41.7
41.2
43.3

41.7
41.1
41.5
41.8
41.9
40.0
44.2
46.2
43.4
44.0
41.8
43.0
42.8

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ...
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating .
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

41.8
41.7
41.6
41.8
41.5
41.5
38.8
41.9
41.4
40.9
42.4
42.4
42.5
42.0
41.6
42.0

41.0
41.4
41.5
40.2
39.9
39.3
39.4
40.3
41.2
41.1
41.4
40.7
42.1
40.9
40.4
41.0

43.0
43.4
43.5
43.0
42.7
42.3
40.5
42.9
43.6
45.0
43.3
42.8
44.2
42.6
41.6
41.8

43.2
43.8
43.9
43.2
43.0
43.1
42.9
42.0
43.5
44.3
43.2
43.3
43.6
42.2
42.0
42.5

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades ..
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

41.3
44.4
44.5
40.8
40.5
40.9
40.2
40.6
38.8
40.7
41.7
40.6
41.3
39.7
40.1
42.4
40.6
44.2
42.7
41.9
44.8
40.6
40.7
40.4
41.4
40.3
39.0
40.2
39.6
40.9

40.5
44.2
44.5
39.8
39.8
39.8
38.9
39.9
37.2
40.5
41.6
40.5
39.9
39.7
39.8
41.6
40.8
42.4
41.0
41.4
41.9
39.8
40.1
39.8
40.8
39.2
39.4
39.5
38.7
39.3

41.4
44.2
44.0
40.9
41.5
40.4
40.7
41.4
39.8
40.7
41.8
40.2
41.5
39.7
40.5
43.1
40.9
45.3
42.1
41.7
43.1
41.0
40.8
40.4
41.6
40.9
40.0
41.2
41.5
41.0

Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets .
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523

41.7
42.7
40.6
43.5
40.8
40.8

40.7
42.1
38.7
43.5
40.0
40.7

42.0
42.3
39.5
43.2
41.5
42.0

See footnotes at end of table.

84




Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

5.8
3.3
3.1
2.8
4.1
2.5
7.2
8.6
6.2
7.4
3.7
2.6
4.6

5.6
3.5
3.2
3.2
4.4
2.5
7.2
8.4
6.4
7.5
3.7
2.7
3.9

5.8
3.3
3.5
3.3
4.1
2.7
7.3
9.1
5.9
7.5
4.4
3.1
5.4

5.9
3.6
3.7
3.5
4.3
2.7
7.0
8.7
6.2
7.1
4.6
4.1
5.1

42.9
43.7

4.0
3.7
3.6
3.6
4.0
4.5
2.5
3.2
3.4
3.2
5.1
4.7
5.9
5.0
3.3
3.7

3.9
3.8
3.9
3.0
3.7
4.0
2.5
3.0
3.7
3.6
5.0
4.8
5.6
4.8
3.1
3.6

4.8
4.7
4.7
4.8
5.0
5.3
3.1
4.6
4.6
5.0
5.4
5.5
6.7
4.8
3.5
3.8

4.9
5.0
5.0
5.5
5.0
5.4
5.0
4.2
4.7
4.8
5.6
5.5
7.1
4.7
3.6
4.0

41.7
44.3
44.3
41.1
41.9
40.4
42.0
42.6
40.5
41.0
41.5
40.8
41.6
40.0
41.2
43.1
41.2
45.0
42.6
41.9
44.0
41.1
41.1
40.8
41.7
41.3
40.0
41.3
41.9
41.2

40.9

3.4
6.0
6.0
2.5
2.1
2.7
2.4
2.2
1.5
3.2
3.8
3.4
2.7
2.6
3.7
4.3
3.1
5.5
4.6
3.6
6.1
3.1
3.4
3.2
3.9
2.2
1.9
2.4
2.2
2.6

3.2
6.0
6.1
2.5
2.2
2.8
2.1
2.3
1.5
3.3
3.8
3.5
2.3
3.0
3.6
4.2
3.2
5.2
3.6
3.5
4.3
2.6
3.2
3.0
3.7
2.2
2.0
2.3
2.2
2.1

3.7
5.8
5.7
2.9
2.9
3.0
2.9
2.9
2.5
3.2
3.7
3.2
3.4
2.9
2.9
5.0
3.2
6.8
4.4
3.3
5.5
3.5
3.4
3.2
3.8
2.9
2.3
3.3
3.5
3.2

3.8
6.1
6.1
3.0
3.1
2.9
4.0
3.9
3.0
3.4
3.6
3.6
3.4
3.1
3.6
5.0
3.5
6.5
4.6
4.0
5.3
3.8
3.6
3.4
4.0
3.0
2.4
3.4
3.7
3.1

42.3
42.5
39.8
43.4
41.8
42.4

41.7

3.4
3.8
4.2
3.7
2.3
2.4

3.1
3.2
3.9
2.9
2.2
2.7

3.7
4.7
3.4
5.1
3.6
4.1

4.0
4.9
3.9
5.2
3.6
4.4

July
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987"

July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

$478.38
430.68
368.80
546.12
342.76
354.08
438.51
406.51
374.49
476.67
423.52
395.38
444.42

$463.57
437.54
365.62
547.14
337.42
346.43
436.63
402.45
377.96
473.57
418.00
405.32
434.95

$498.19
437.78
371.01
555.07
354.47
360.69
451.25
417.46
383.21
490.50
431.18
403.35
444.69

$498.73
442.65
368.11
555.94
356.57
358.80
443.33
413.95
386.26
477.84
436.39
415.38
442.12

July
1987"

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

11.89
13.86
14.60
10.83
10.55
11.00
11.21
9.77
13.50
13.76
11.04
10.23
13.62
10.76
9.52
9.82

11.93
13.83
14.54
10.64
10.48
10.94
11.07
9.82
13.30
13.83
11.16
10.33
13.46
10.97
9.54
9.83

11.96
13.80
14.50
11.19
10.75
11.19
11.58
10.18
12.92
13.24
11.39
10.58
13.95
11.30
9.54
9.81

11.97 $12.03 497.00
13.81 13.82 577.96
14.48
607.36
11.25
452.69
10.71
437.83
11.11
456.50
11.85
434.95
10.05
409.36
12.93
558.90
13.29
562.78
11.41
468.10
10.53
433.75
13.89
578.85
11.33
451.92
9.52
396.03
9.80
412.44

489.13
572.56
603.41
427.73
418.15
429.94
436.16
395.75
547.96
568.41
462.02
420.43
566.67
448.67
385.42
403.03

514.28
598.92
630.75
481.17
459.03
473.34
468.99
436.72
563.31
595.80
493.19
452.82
616.59
481.38
396.86
410.06

517.10
604.88
635.67
486.00
460.53
478.84
508.37
422.10
562.46
588.75
492.91
455.95
605.60
478.13
399.84
416.50

$516.09
603.93

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

9.90
13.37
14.10
9.74
8.97
10.14
8.91
8.55
8.79
9.12
9.60
7.51
10.20
9.48
8.76
9.39
8.80
9.96
11.93
12.39
13.96
9.06
7.91
7.79
8.15
10.67
10.34
9.01
9.76
8.06

9.86
13.43
14.11
9.79
8.97
10.19
8.98
8.62
8.80
9.06
9.52
7.58
10.02
9.47
8.59
9.41
8.77
10.04
11.77
12.44
13.69
9.05
7.99
7.89
8.18
10.71
10.33
9.06
9.78
8.13

9.97
13.12
13.91
9.90
9.13
10.30
9.17
8.74
9.14
9.23
9.80
7.67
10.18
9.57
8.63
9.77
9.01
10.48
11.77
12.40
13.70
9.16
7.96
7.91
8.06
10.84
10.44
9.31
9.88
8.44

10.01
13.28
14.05
9.84
9.12
10.22
9.23
8.69
9.22
9.27
9.86
7.63
10.24
9.65
9.14
9.79
9.00
10.53
11.91
12.45
13.92
9.22
8.04
8.02
8.08
10.94
10.48
9.32
9.92
8.44

9.99 408.87
593.63
627.45
397.39
363.29
414.73
358.18
347.13
341.05
371.18
400.32
304.91
421.26
376.36
351.28
398.14
357.28
440.23
509.41
519.14
625.41
367.84
321.94
314.72
337.41
430.00
403.26
362.20
386.50
329.65

399.33
593.61
627.90
389.64
357.01
405.56
349.32
343.94
327.36
366.93
396.03
306.99
399.80
375.96
341.88
391.46
357.82
425.70
482.57
515.02
573.61
360.19
320.40
314.02
333.74
419.83
407.00
357.87
378.49
319.51

412.76
579.90
612.04
404.91
378.90
416.12
373.22
361.84
363.77
375.66
409.64
308.33
422.47
379.93
357.62
421.09
368.51
474.74
495.52
517.08
590.47
375.56
324.77
319.56
335.30
443.36
417.60
383.57
410.02
346.04

417.42
588.30
622.42
404.42
382.13
412.89
387.66
370.19
373.41
380.07
409.19
311.30
425.98
386.00
376.57
421.95
370.80
473.85
507.37
521.66
612.48
378.94
330.44
327.22
336.94
451.82
419.20
384.92
415.65
347.73

408.59

Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523

10.58
12.95
12.90
12.97
10.41
11.26

10.59
13.02
13.03
13.02
10.53
11.34

10.70
13.28
12.69
13.47
10.12
10.99

10.77
13.40
12.79
13.60
10.23
11.04

10.79 441.19
552.97
523.74
564.20
424.73
459.41

431.01
548.14
504.26
566.37
421.20
461.54

449.40
561.74
501.26
581.90
419.98
461.58

455.57
569.50
509.04
590.24
427.61
468.10

449.94

$11.39 $11.39 $11.89 $11.96
10.53 10.62 10.73 10.77
8.81
8.94
8.87
8.76
13.32 13.28 13.44 13.30
8.51
8.20
8.17
8.46
8.97
8.83
8.86
8.95
9.81
9.79 10.05 10.03
8.96
8.78
8.73
8.92
8.90
8.55
8.59
8.85
10.76 10.69 10.90 10.86
10.23 10.22 10.34 10.44
9.66
9.62
9.79
9.72
10.24 10.21 10.27 10.33

See footnotes at end of table.




85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment....
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment .
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

See footnotes at end of table.

86




1972
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599

41.5
42.2
41.0
39.9
42.6
40.4
42.2
42.6
42.0
43.1
40.6
40.5
41.7
41.1
42.0
41.6
41.7
41.4
43.3
41.3
41.5
42.3
40.6
42.3
42.3
41.4
42.0
41.0
41.0
41.0

39.3
38.3
40.7
38.6
42.2
38.3
41.8
41.4
41.4
42.7
40.0
40.7
40.6
40.6
40.7
39.7
41.0
40.3
42.2
39.3
40.8
41.5
42.0
41.1
41.2
40.4
40.8
40.2
38.6
40.4

42.3
42.6
42.4
43.4
42.3
40.1
42.1
41.7
41.4
42.7
41.2
40.9
42.0
41.9
43.3
40.9
41.9
42.6
43.2
42.5
41.4
41.9
40.9
42.7
42.5
41.5
41.6
41.5
41.4
41.6

42.4
43.6
42.5
42.1
41.9
39.7
42.6
42.5
42.0
43.1
41.6
42.0
42.2
42.3
43.8
39.7
42.2
43.2
43.9
41.6
41.3
41.2
41.9
42.8
42.7
42.2
42.7
41.7
42.3
41.6

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

40.9
41.4
42.9
40.0
40.9
41.1
40.3
40.1
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.5
41.1
40.8
39.9
39.5
40.6
40.7
41.3
40.5
41.6
41.0
43.2
41.2
41.1
41.2
41.0
41.9

40.4
40.1
41.0
39.1
40.3
40.6
39.6
40.1
41.2
40.6
39.4
39.1
39.4
39.7
38.2
37.8
41.4
41.9
41.0
40.9
41.0
40.5
42.9
40.8
40.2
40.1
39.2
40.4

40.6
40.5
41.2
39.8
40.9
40.8
40.0
39.9
40.4
41.1
40.0
39.7
40.0
39.8
40.7
37.9
40.4
40.5
41.4
42.2
41.1
40.7
42.1
40.6
40.9
40.5
41.0
41.1

41.1
41.5
42.3
40.7
41.5
41.4
40.7
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.3
40.1
40.0
40.0
40.7
39.2
41.2
41.1
41.2
42.1
40.9
41.1
42.6
41.0
41.4
41.8
42.4
42.8

July
1987P

40.4

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

2.8
2.5
2.3
2.6
3.8
2.9
4.4
4.0
4.5
5.3
3.6
2.3
3.3
2.4
3.5
3.7
3.2
2.1
5.0
2.5
2.7
3.6
3.2
3.0
2.9
3.2
3.5
3.4
3.6
3.4

2.4
1.9
2.7
2.3
4.1
2.3
4.3
3.6
4.1
5.4
3.2
2.0
3.0
2.3
3.1
3.5
3.2
2.1
4.8
2.3
2.9
3.8
3.9
2.5
2.4
3.1
3.6
3.1
2.6
3.2

3.5
2.8
4.3
5.7
3.7
2.3
4.2
3.2
4.1
4.9
3.6
3.2
3.8
3.3
4.2
3.9
3.5
3.5
4.6
3.1
2.6
3.5
3.6
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.0
3.7
3.7
3.6

3.9
3.6
4.8
5.4
3.7
2.7
4.5
3.7
4.7
5.2
3.7
3.5
4.0
3.7
4.5
3.7
3.9
4.0
5.4
2.7
2.9
3.2
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.4
3.8

2.7
2.9
3.1
2.7
2.8
3.2
2.2
2.7
4.0
1.8
2.1
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.0
1.2
2.7
2.6
2.5
1.8
2.7
2.8
2.6
3.2
2.8
2.9
2.3
3.8

2.5
2.7
2.8
2.6
2.7
3.3
1.8
2.6
3.8
2.2
2.7
2.3
2.4
2.0
1.4
.8
2.8
2.7
2.4
1.8
2.6
2.7
2.5
3.1
2.6
2.2
2.4
2.3

2.7
2.3
2.5
2.2
3.1
3.3
2.0
2.4
2.9
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.7
2.3
2.7
1.1
1.9
1.4
2.5
2.5
2.5
3.0
2.6
3.4
3.0
3.0
3.3
3.7

3.0
3.0
3.1
2.9
3.4
3.5
2.8
2.7
3.3
3.4
2.3
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.6
1.5
1.9
1.4
2.6
2.5
2.6
3.3
3.0
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.6
4.5

July
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves ...
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ...
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories ...
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies ....
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1972
SIC
Code

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365

3651
366

3661
3662
367

3671-3
3674
3679
369

3691
3694

Average: weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

$11.11 $10.98 $11.11 $11.16
12.28 11.99 12.37 12.47
11.41 11.57 11.32 11.43
11.33 11.32 11.33 11.25
9.69
9.98
9.98
9.71
9.59
9.44
9.68
9.76
10.95 10.97 11.08 11.11
11.03 10.99 11.00 11.17
11.46 11.55 11.43 11.36
11.64 11.66 11.83 11.84
9.81
9.80
9.95 10.04
8.44
8.41
8.54
8.50
10.41 10.42 10.59 10.58
10.66 10.65 10.64 10.65
8.73
8.48
8.44
8.76
10.87 11.06 11.27 11.22
10.22 10.26 10.34 10.45
10.82 10.93 11.09 11.15
10.72 10.87 10.93 11.13
9.96
9.90 10.31 10.33
9.20
9.09
9.01
9.13
10.48 10.51 10.10 10.11
10.15 10.36 10.52 10.49
9.91 10.01 10.23 10.34
9.87 10.00 10.23 10.35
10.24 10.28 10.24 10.42
10.51 10.58 10.45 10.69
10.23 10.19 10.40 10.45
12.59 12.50 12.79 12.80
9.83
9.85 10.02 10.06

$461.07
518.22
467.81
452.07
425.15
387.44
462.09
469.88
481.32
501.68
398.29
340.61
434.10
438.13
356.16
452.19
426.17
447.95
464.18
411.35
377.24
443.30
412.09
419.19
417.50
423.94
441.42
419.43
516.19
403.03

$431.51
459.22
470.90
436.95
421.16
361.55
458.55
454.99
478.17
497.88
392.00
347.58
423.05
432.39
343.51
439.08
420.66
440.48
458.71
389.07
367.61
436.17
435.12
411.41
412.00
415.31
431.66
409.64
482.50
397.94

$469.95
526.96
479.97
491.72
410.73
388.17
466.47
458.70
473.20
505.14
409.94
347.65
444.78
445.82
379.31
460.94
433.25
472.43
472.18
438.18
377.98
423.19
430.27
436.82
434.78
424.96
434.72
431.60
529.51
416.83

$473.18
543.69
485.78
473.63
406.01
387.47
473.29
474.73
477.12
510.30
417.66
354.48
446.48
450.50
382.37
445.43
440.99
481.68
488.61
429.73
379.96
416.53
439.53
442.55
441.95
439.72
456.46
435.77
541.44
418.50

9.84
9.04
8.85
9.23
9.76
9.64
9.64
9.76
11.15
11.67
7.32
9.09
10.21
8.63
9.25
6.80
9.21
9.50
11.69
11.16
11.88
8.90
10.83
10.60
8.06
10.55
11.09
11.31

$9.87 392.23
368.46
375.38
361.60
397.14
396.20
385.67
383.76
442.82
446.40
284.80
358.43
402.78
340.27
371.07
261.10
381.23
397.64
462.56
432.95
471.74
353.42
461.81
417.36
323.05
434.25
450.59
471.79

390.67
360.10
361.62
357.37
393.33
393.82
380.56
388.57
454.02
465.28
282.50
344.86
387.70
329.51
353.73
250.99
392.47
409.78
457.56
426.59
469.45
352.35
464.61
417.38
317.18
423.86
439.82
448.44

399.10
367.74
366.68
367.75
398.78
392.90
382.80
387.03
445.61
473.47
294.40
360.87
408.00
343.08
382.58
254.31
373.30
385.16
483.97
469.26
488.68
360.20
461.00
425.49
328.43
426.87
452.64
461.55

404.42 $398.75
375.16
374.36
375.66
405.04
399.10
392.35
391.38
453.81
472.64
295.00
364.51
408.40
345.20
376.48
266.56
379.45
390.45
481.63
469.84
485.89
365.79
461.36
434.60
333.68
440.99
470.22
484.07

June

1986

9.59
8.90
8.75
9.04
9.71
9.64
9.57
9.57
10.88
11.16
7.21
8.85
9.80
8.34
9.30
6.61
9.39
9.77
11.20
10.69
11.34
8.62
10.69
10.13
7.86
10.54
10.99
11.26

July
1986

9.67
8.98
8.82
9.14
9.76
9.70
9.61
9.69
11.02
11.46
7.17
8.82
9.84
8.30
9.26
6.64
9.48
9.78
11.16
10.43
11.45
8.70
10.83
10.23
7.89
10.57
11.22
11.10

May
1987

9.83
9.08
8.90
9.24
9.75
9.63
9.57
9.70
11.03
11.52
7.36
9.09
10.20
8.62
9.40
6.71
9.24
9.51
11.69
11.12
11.89
8.85
10.95
10.48
8.03
10.54
11.04
11.23

June
1987P

July
1987P

July
1987P

See footnotes at end of table.




87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers ..;
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts .
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1972
SIC
Code

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373

3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments .
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies ,
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39
391

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing planjts
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ....
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
See footnotes at end of table.

88




381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

3911

393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
20
201
2011
2013

2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

42.3
42.6
41.7
41.0
43.8
41.7
42.8
42.3
42.6
43.5
40.5
40.4
40.7
40.0
42.2
42.5
40.0
38.6

41.5
41.7
41.3
40.3
42.3
40.5
41.6
41.3
41.5
42.0
40.7
41.5
39.2
39.9
41.5
41.7
40.2
38.3

42.2
42.6
42.4
42.0
43.0
41.1
42.4
42.2
42.2
42.9
40.7
40.4
41.3
40.1
41.9
42.0
39.6
37.8

41.9
42.1
41.4
42.1
43.0
41.6
42.4
42.3
42.2
42.7
40.3
39.9
41.2
40.9
41.9
42.0
39.7
37.6

41.1
41.2

4.1
4.1
3.6
3.7
4.7
3.5
4.8
4.3
5.0
5.3
3.2
3.3
2.9
1.7
4.2
4.7
3.0
2.6

4.0
3.8
3.3
3.2
4.5
2.9
4.7
4.2
5.4
4.9
3.2
3.5
2.6
2.2
4.3
4.7
3.5
2.5

4.3
4.5
4.4
3.9
4.7
3.4
4.7
4.3
4.6
5.3
3.0
2.7
3.6
1.3
4.0
4.1
3.5
2.0

4.2
4.1
3.7
4.0
4.6
3.8
5.0
4.7
4.6
5.6
3.0
2.7
3.5
2.0
4.0
4.1
3.3
1.6

40.9
41.3
40.9
40.1
41.2
41.0
41.8
40.9
41.2
40.8
39.9
40.8
39.9

40.1
41.2
39.6
39.3
39.6
38.8
40.6
40.1
40.3
40.2
39.5
40.5
40.9

41.2
41.0
41.2
40.3
42.7
40.1
41.5
40.8
41.4
40.1
40.8
42.8
41.0

41.6
41.0
41.7
39.4
43.0
41.2
42.5
40.7
41.0
40.4
40.7
44.1
41.6

40.9

2.5
2.9
2.1
1.9
2.6
1.9
3.0
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.2
2.9
1.5

2.3
2.8
1.8
1.8
2.1
1.4
2.3
2.6
2.9
2.5
1.9
2.7
1.2

2.8
2.9
2.6
2.7
3.1
2.1
2.6
2.9
3.3
2.4
2.6
3.5
2.6

3.0
3.2
2.7
2.3
3.2
2.4
2.9
3.0
3.2
2.7
2.7
3.8
3.0

39.6
38.1
37.1
41.3
39.8
39.0
40.4
39.9
39.2
38.4
39.8
40.2

38.8
37.4
36.1
39.7
39.0
38.0
39.8
39.3
36.8
36.0
39.4
39.8

39.2
38.4
37.4
40.8
39.0
38.3
39.6
40.1
37.2
34.8
39.9
39.7

39.4
38.3
37.4
41.6
39.1
38.0
40.1
41.0
37.7
35.4
40.1
39.8

38.8

2.2
1.6
1.3
3.3
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.1
1.8
2.5
2.5

1.8
.9
.7
2.6
1.9
1.6
2.1
1.7
1.1
1.0
2.3
2.4

2.5
1.9
1.5
3.1
2.1
1.9
2.3
2.4
2.8
2.4
2.8
2.5

2.5
1.7
1.3
3.3
2.0
1.7
2.2
2.7
3.2
2.7
2.7
2.5

39.9
40.0
39.8
41.3
40.2
38.4
41.6
39.8
42.3
38.6
39.8
36.9
37.6
43.4
45.2
42.9
39.9
39.3
41.6

39.5
39.9
39.6
41.1
40.6
38.3
41.9
40.2
42.7
38.8
40.3
38.3
37.2
43.5
45.7
43.3
39.9
39.6
40.8

40.1
40.1
39.4
41.2
40.5
37.9
41.6
39.5
42.6
38.8
38.1
39.3
38.5
43.3
46.2
43.1
39.9
39.2
41.8

40.3
40.2
39.9
40.7
41.1
39.0
42.1
40.2
42.9
38.5
38.2
36.7
39.6
44.0
46.8
43.9
40.0
39.1
42.3

40.0
39.9

3.2
3.8
3.8
4.6
3.5
3.2
4.6
3.7
5.2
3.3
4.4
3.3
3.1
5.3
4.5
5.4
3.8
4.0
3.4

3.3
4.1
3.9
4.5
4.2
3.3
4.8
3.9
5.4
3.9
2.9
4.5
3.6
5.5
5.1
5.6
3.8
4.1
3.0

3.5
3.8
3.6
4.5
3.7
3.0
4.8
4.1
5.2
2.9
1.9
3.2
2.9
5.2
5.7
5.6
3.9
4.1
3.5

3.6
4.0
3.8
4.1
3.8
3.6
4.9
4.0
5.3
3.7
2.5
4.0
4.1
5.7
6.7
5.9
3.8
4.0
3.4

July
1987P

3.6

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts ..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1972
SIC
Code

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372

3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376

3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39
391

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers

June
1986

2016
202
2022

2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052

July
1987P

June
1986

9.48

9.69

9.69

9.70 384.46

10.22

10.68

10.68

9.53
8.92
9.48
9.74

9.58
8.92

419.61
378.33
348.87
386.87
387.45
433.88
342.74
352.67
336.19
287.68
507.14
281.30

9.25

9.27

8.70

8.75

9.39
9.45

9.35
9.46

10.38
8.38

10.64
8.45
8.63
8.31
7.18

8.24
7.21
12.43
7.05

2013

June
1987P

9.40

3842
385
386
387

20
201
2011

May
1987

10.16

8.56

3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

July
1986

$12.72 $12.73 $12.85 $12.91 $12.82 $538.06
13.33 13.33 13.42 13.50 13.33 567.86
616.33
14.78 14.85 15.10 15.21
439.52
10.72 10.70 11.43 11.41
555.82
12.69 12.71 12.61 12.70
399.49
9.40
9.59
9.38
9.58
547.41
12.79 12.87 13.11 13.14
2
2
()
()
0
0
549.97
$12.91 $13.14 $13.10 $13.17
515.91
11.86
11.93 12.22 12.26
425.25
10.50
10.48 10.28 10.28
471.47
11.67
11.57 11.58 11.57
325.19
7.99
8.03
7.94
7.98
484.40
12.11 12.32 11.87 12.07
508.51
12.05 12.12 12.50 12.60
524.88
12.35 12.37 12.90 12.99
420.00
10.50 10.54 10.74 10.71
348.94
9.04
8.69
8.83
8.84

3841

3911
393
394
3942,4

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

10.53

8.65

9.46

9.87
10.37
8.70
8.81
8.58
7.36

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

$528.30 $542.27 $540.93 $526.90
555.86 571.69 568.35 549.20
613.31 640.24 629.69
431.21 480.06 480.36
537.63 542.23 546.10
388.40 385.52 391.04
535.39 555.86 557.14

545.31
501.06
426.54
480.16
311.25
491.57
502.98
515.83
423.71
338.19

552.82
524.24
418.40
467.83
329.57
475.99
523.75
541.80
425.30
334.15

555.77
523.50
414.28
461.64
330.84
493.66
527.94
545.58
425.19
326.74

380.15
421.06
367.09
343.88
370.26
367.05
431.98
338.85
347.79
334.06
283.61
512.33
282.21

399.23
437.88
392.64
359.48
404.80
390.57
437.00
352.92
361.01
343.66
297.84
562.82
293.56

403.10
437.88
399.49
351.45
406.78
406.64
440.73
354.09
361.21
346.63
299.55
566.69
294.53

396.73

12.65
6.90

8.72
8.57
7.30
13.15
7.16

12.85
7.08

7.53
8.12
8.14
7.21
6.90
6.84
6.94
7.66
6.02
5.50
8.30
8.68

7.57
8.14
8.15
7.20
6.97
6.84
7.07
7.66
6.05
5.67
8.30
8.63

7.72
8.28
8.40
7.31
7.17
7.01
7.29
7.80
6.17
5.65
8.50
8.85

7.73
8.18
8.28
7.36
7.23
7.07
7.36
7.79
6.13
5.62
8.55
8.88

7.75 298.19

293.72
304.44
294.22
285.84
271.83
259.92
281.39
301.04
222.64
204.12
327.02
343.47

302.62
317.95
314.16
298.25
279.63
268.48
288.68
312.78
229.52
196.62
339.15
351.35

304.56
313.29
309.67
306.18
282.69
268.66
295.14
319.39
231.10
198.95
342.86
353.42

300.70

309.37
301.99
297.77
274.62
266.76
280.38
305.63
235.98
211.20
330.34
348.94

8.92
8.74
7.33
8.29
8.72
5.95
9.39
8.83
9.87
8.01

9.13
8.96
7.42
8.28
8.92
6.14
9.65
8.96

9.12
8.90

10.13

10.04

9.16 355.91
8.86 349.60
291.73
342.38
350.54
228.48
390.62
351.43
417.50
309.19
401.98
297.41
273.73
462.21
458.33
341.48
394.21
384.35
421.41

355.50
349.52
290.66
339.49
356.47
227.89
393.44
352.55
424.87
311.56
404.21
303.72
273.05
465.02
462.48
350.30
395.81
391.25
409.63

366.11
359.30
292.35
341.14
361.26
232.71
401.44
353.92
430.26
329.02
392.43
336.02
297.61
458.55
483.71
357.30
399.80
390.43
424.27

367.54
357.78
295.66
336.59
365.79
241.02
403.32
355.77
433.72
316.09
391.17
301.67
298.98
471.68
493.27
362.18
401.20
391.39
425.96

366.40
353.51

10.14
7.96
9.88
9.78

9.00
8.76
7.34
8.26
8.78
5.95
9.39
8.77
9.95
8.03
10.03
7.93
7.34
10.69
10.12
8.09
9.92
9.88

10.10
8.06
7.28
10.65

10.10
8.48
10.30
8.55
7.73

10.59
10.47
8.29

10.02
9.96
10.15

7.41
8.27

8.90
6.18
9.58
8.85
10.11
8.21

10.24
8.22
7.55
10.72

10.54
8.25
10.03
10.01

10.07

See footnotes at end of table.




89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

1.7
1.8

1.0
.8

3.1
3.7

4.0
4.7

42.3
43.2
42.6
43.2
41.4
40.6
39.2
40.2
39.7
40.2
43.3
43.2
43.1
43.0
43.6
43.1
44.0
38.5
43.1

41.9

4.0
4.5
3.8
4.4
2.7
3.4
2.7
2.8
3.3
2.9
5.1
4.2
4.5
4.2
3.7
4.7
5.1
4.0
4.2

3.7
4.9
3.4
3.0
2.4
2.9
2.6
2.4
2.7
2.1
5.0
3.7
4.3
3.6
4.1
4.4
4.9
3.1
3.9

4.4
5.7
4.7
1.8
3.0
3.5
3.2
2.7
3.2
2.6
5.8
4.8
4.8
4.3
4.7
5.0
5.6
2.7
4.5

4.8
6.2
5.0
2.3
3.6
3.7
3.1
3.1
3.3
2.7
6.1
5.6
5.1
5.7
4.8
5.3
5.9
3.1
4.8

37.2
35.9
37.5
37.7
37.0
36.9
35.7
35.0
35.2
36.1
36.0
37.6
37.8
36.4
37.3
36.4
38.6
39.2
38.0
38.7
41.4

37.5
36.2
37.9
38.2
37.2
37.6
35.9
35.7
35.5
36.3
36.0
38.1
38.6
35.4
38.4
36.9
38.6
39.6
37.7
39.1
42.6

36.9

1.5
.9
1.3
1.6
.9
1.2
1.2
1.3
.9
1.1
1.5
1.3
1.4
1.0
2.1
1.8
1.2
2.7
1.6
2.1
5.6

1.3
.8
1.0
1.0
.6
1.1
1.1
.9
.9
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.0
1.6
1.3
1.1
2.2
1.7
2.1
3.8

1.7
.9
1.6
1.6
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.1
1.4
2.1
1.5
1.2
1.0
1.9
1.4
1.0
2.3
2.9
1.6
2.6
5.4

1.9
1.1
1.8
1.7
1.4
1.8
1.6
1.3
1.5
2.2
1.5
1.4
1.4
1.2
2.0
1.2
2.1
3.0
1.9
2.8
5.4

43.3
45.6
45.4
43.9
42.0
44.0
41.7
41.5
42.4
42.3
42.8
41.9

43.3
45.1
45.2
44.0
42.1
44.5
41.3
42.0
42.7
42.6
43.3
42.6

42.9

4.6
6.2
6.3
6.7
3.3
3.4
2.8
3.6
4.0
3.6
4.3
5.0

5.0
7.0
7.0
7.5
3.4
3.3
2.8
3.9
4.3
3.8
4.6
5.0

5.0
6.8
6.8
7.3
3.7
4.3
3.0
3.6
4.4
4.4
4.5
4.3

5.1
6.4
6.6
7.6
3.8
4.3
2.8
4.1
4.6
4.5
4.9
4.4

Tobacco manufactures .
Cigarettes

21
211

38.1
37.6

36.4
35.9

39.3
39.9

40.1
40.7

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool .
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks .
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227

41.1
40.7
41.2
42.5
40.8
39.8
39.2
39.5
38.6
40.5
41.8
41.5
41.8
41.3
41.0
42.6
43.3
39.7
42.7

40.2
40.6
40.3
39.9
39.7
38.7
37.5
38.8
37.1
39.5
41.6
40.0
40.7
38.3
40.5
42.1
43.2
38.2
41.9

41.9
42.8
42.1
43.0
40.0
40.2
39.6
38.9
39.4
39.6
43.1
42.1
42.4
41.9
44.1
42.6
43.4
37.8
42.9

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2327

2396

36.9
35.7
37.7
38.0
36.9
37.0
35.1
36.2
33.1
35.4
35.6
37.7
38.2
35.3
38.0
36.5
37.3
39.0
37.0
38.2
42.0

36.3
35.5
36.9
36.6
35.5
37.2
34.6
35.6
32.9
35.1
35.0
36.9
37.4
34.7
37.2
35.9
36.9
38.1
36.7
38.0
39.6

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper..
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes ..
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes .
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

43.1
45.2
45.3
43.9
41.9
43.6
41.4
41.6
42.1
42.0
43.1
40.0

42.9
45.5
45.6
44.2
41.3
42.8
40.4
41.4
41.8
41.7
42.8
39.2

See footnotes at end of table.

90




2339
234
2341
2342

236
2361
238

239
2391
2392

June
1987P

35.5

2082
2086
209

2331
2335
2337

May
1987

2.4
3.8
1.7
5.1
4.5
5.4
4.8
3.7

39.4
40.8
38.1
41.7
41.5
42.6
42.0
38.6

2328
233

July
1986

2.4
3.2
1.9
4.6
4.8
5.8
5.3
3.9

39.5
40.6
38.6
41.2
41.8
43.8
42.1
39.0

229

June
1986

2.4
4.1
1.7
4.9
4.6
5.9
4.9
4.0

39.5
41.7
38.2
42.3
41.5
42.7
41.8
37.6

228
2281
2282

July
1987P

2.4
3.4
1.8
4.7
4.4
6.0
4.5
3.6

39.0
41.1
37.5
42.4
41.5
43.3
41.2
38.2

206
2061-3
2065
207
208

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours

July
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
June
1986

$8.92
10.65
7.59

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

June
1987P

July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

$347.88
437.72
284.63
377.36
483.06
698.00
376.98
302.54

$356.69
452.86
294.90
380.70
484.31
692.59
384.98
301.18

$368.93
446.19
310.73
378.22
498.67
730.15
402.90
318.24

$368.78
451.25
306.71
391.98
489.70

499.77
561.84

571.03
665.53

622.35
722.02

$523.63

16.12

16.22

2086
209

9.15
7.92

9.21
8.01

$9.34
10.99
8.05
9.18
11.93
16.67
9.57
8.16

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

13.79
15.80

13.73
15.65

14.53
16.68

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227

6.86
7.11
7.33
7.46
6.53
6.33
6.16
5.99
6.36
5.88
6.88
7.22
7.22
7.58
7.10
6.42
6.42
6.41
7.89

6.88
7.24
7.37
7.42
6.59
6.32
6.28
6.00
6.28
5.81
6.90
7.17
7.20
7.53
7.30
6.41
6.41
6.44
7.81

7.13
7.43
7.69
7.60
6.64
6.52
6.29
6.18
6.48
6.14
7.18
7.41
7.40
7.68
7.61
6.72
6.72
6.73
8.10

7.15
7.48
7.72
7.71
6.66
6.51
6.41
6.17
6.40
6.15
7.18
7.49
7.53
7.73
7.58
6.72
6.72
6.71
8.12

7.17 281.95
289.38
302.00
317.05
266.42
251.93
241.47
236.61
245.50
238.14
287.58
299.63
301.80
313.05
291.10
273.49
277.99
254.48
336.90

276.58
293.94
297.01
296.06
261.62
244.58
235.50
232.80
232.99
229.50
287.04
286.80
293.04
288.40
295.65
269.86
276.91
246.01
327.24

298.75
318.00
323.75
326.80
265.60
262.10
249.08
240.40
255.31
243.14
309.46
311.96
313.76
321.79
335.60
286.27
291.65
254.39
347.49

302.45
323.14
328.87
333.07
275.72
264.31
251.27
248.03
254.08
247.23
310.89
323.57
324.54
332.39
330.49
289.63
295.68
258.34
349.97

300.42

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232

5.83
6.57
5.36
5.11
5.26
5.46
5.62
5.03
5.90
6.44
5.44
5.35
5.21
6.12
5.13
4.95
5.55
7.21
5.57
5.96
11.30

5.79
6.60
5.36
5.12
5.27
5.43
5.59
5.07
5.83
6.40
5.44
5.34
5.21
6.04
5.12
4.87
5.55
7.03
5.63
5.92
10.85

5.89
6.69
5.43
5.20
5.34
5.51
5.67
5.00
5.97
6.44
5.51
5.47
5.28
6.46
5.20
5.04
5.62
7.18
5.73
6.03
11.06

5.93
6.68
5.46
5.22
5.34
5.58
5.74
4.98
6.15
6.55
5.55
5.49
5.32
6.46
5.29
5.17
5.66
7.23
5.80
6.13
10.98

5.88 215.13

210.18
234.30
197.78
187.39
187.09
202.00
193.41
180.49
191.81
224.64
190.40
197.05
194.85
209.59
190.46
174.83
204.80
267.84
206.62
224.96
429.66

219.11
240.17
203.63
196.04
197.58
203.32
202.42
175.00
210.14
232.48
198.36
205.67
199.58
235.14
193.96
183.46
216.93
281.46
217.74
233.36
457.88

222.38
241.82
206.93
199.40
198.65
209.81
206.07
177.79
218.33
237.77
199.80
209.17
205.35
228.68
203.14
190.77
218.48
286.31
218.66
239.68
467.75

216.97

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

11.33

11.40
13.98
14.07
14.27
9.86
11.03
9.16
9.02
9.69

11.42

11.51 481.43

10.16

10.21

9.87
9.33

9.92
9.28

612.91
617.89
610.21
403.08
473.06
360.59
375.23
402.90
414.12
424.54
367.20

486.06
628.81
632.93
625.87
400.61
470.37
355.92
377.57
402.53
412.41
424.15
362.21

493.62
637.49
638.78
626.45
414.12
485.32
381.97
374.33
410.86
429.77
422.44
390.93

494.49
629.60
635.06
634.48
417.63
488.17
378.72
386.40
415.04
434.95
429.54
395.33

493.78

13.96
14.05

206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082

228
2281
2282
229

2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238

239
2391
2392

2396

$9.03
10.86

11.64

7.72
9.00
11.67

8.90

11.17
13.56

13.64
13.90
9.62
10.85
8.71

9.02
9.57
9.86
9.85
9.18

13.82
13.88
14.16

9.70
10.99
8.81

9.12
9.63
9.89
9.91
9.24

$9.36
11.06
8.05
9.40
11.80

15.52 $14.75 525.40
17.74
594.08

16.62

9.51
8.11

14.42

9.92
10.97
9.17
9.20
9.72

234.55
202.07
194.18
194.09
202.02
197.26
182.09
195.29
227.98
193.66
201.70
199.02
216.04
194.94
180.68
207.02
281.19
206.09
227.67
474.60

708.01

399.42
313.05

See footnotes at end of table.




91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing .:
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

1972
SIC
Code

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278

279

28
Chemicals and allied products
281
Industrial inorganic chemicals
2819
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
282
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
2821
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
2824
Drugs
283
2834
Pharmaceutical preparations
284
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
2841
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
2842,3
Toilet preparations
2844
Paints and allied products
285
Industrial organic chemicals
286
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
2865
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee . 2861,9
Agricultural chemicals
287
Miscellaneous chemical products
289

Average weekly hours
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

Average overtime hours
July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

37.6
33.5
37.2
39.6
38.2
41.9
35.9
38.8
38.5
38.8
40.7
38.5
38.8

37.7
33.5
37.3
40.0
38.7
42.3
35.5
38.9
38.6
38.9
41.1
38.4
38.7

37.7
33.8
38.4
38.7
38.6
38.7
35.9
39.1
38.9
39.0
40.9
37.8
38.2

37.7
33.5
38.4
38.7
38.7
38.6
35.6
39.0
38.7
38.9
42.1
38.4
38.8

37.7

2.4
1.5
2.1
3.2
2.4
4.6
1.7
2.7
2.3
2.8
3.0
1.9
3.4

2.6
1.4
2.1
3.6
2.7
5.1
1.6
3.0
2.5
3.1
3.6
2.1
3.6

2.8
1.7
3.0
4.1
3.7
4.6
2.7
3.3
2.9
3.3
3.1
1.9
3.0

2.7
1.5
2.9
3.3
2.9
4.0
2.0
3.0
2.6
3.1
3.5
2.3
3.3

41.9
41.7
42.4
41.7
42.9
41.3
41.9
42.1
41.1
44.5
42.0
38.7
41.9
43.8
43.1
44.0
42.8
41.0

41.6
41.8
42.4
42.0
42.6
42.4
40.9
41.1
40.9
44.4
41.0
38.7
41.7
43.1
42.3
43.4
41.8
40.6

42.1
41.9
42.4
42.5
43.3
42.0
41.2
41.0
40.8
43.2
40.6
39.6
42.5
44.2
43.3
44.5
43.0
41.2

42.1
42.1
42.6
42.7
43.4
42.4
41.8
41.8
41.1
43.8
41,4
39.5
42.0
43.4
42.8
43.6
42.4
41.5

42.1

3.6
3.3
3.3
3.8
4.5
3.5
3.1
3.2
3.0
4.5
3.3
2.0
3.5
4.6
4.9
4.5
4.1
3.4

3.8
3.7
3.7
4.2
4.7
4.0
2.8
3.0
3.4
6.1
2.5
2.2
3.5
4.9
5.0
4.8
4.2
3.3

3.9
3.6
3.6
4.4
4.7
4.0
2.8
2.8
3.0
4.9
2.4
2.1
4.2
5.5
5.5
5.5
4.9
3.2

3.8
3.7
3.7
4.5
4.9
4.0
3.1
3.2
3.1
5.2
3.2
2.0
3.9
4.9
5.4
4.8
4.4
3.1

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

44.2
44.3
45.3

43.9
44.1
44.8

43.9
43.6
45.8

43.6
43.4
45.4

44.3

4.4
3.7
7.2

4.7
4.0
7.6

5.3
4.7
8.2

4.8
4.0
8.4

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

30
301
302

41.2
42.9
39.9

40.4
42.1
37.9

41.5
43.5
41.4

41.8
43.8
43.3

40.9

3.7
4.8
1.8

3.4
4.9
.2

3.9
4.7
2.0

4.1
5.2
3.4

303,4
306
307

42.5
41.5
40.9

41.6
40.5
40.1

41.1
41.4
41.2

42.1
41.5
41.5

3.1
3.3
3.6

2.9
3.1
3.4

3.5
3.4
3.9

3.5
3.5
4.1

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31

37.6
40.7
36.9
36.1
37.8
39.6
36.8

37.0
39.8
36.9
36.1
38.0
35.0
35.8

38.6
41.6
38.6
38.4
39.3
39.3
36.7

39.5
42.0
39.7
39.6
40.1
40.1
37.1

38.5

1.5
3.5
1.3
1.0
1.6
2.4
.6

1.3
2.5
1.1
.6
1.8
1.9

2.1
4.2
2.0
1.7
2.6
1.6
1.7

2.6
4.2
2.6
2.2
3.3
2.3
2.0

39.4

39.4

39.0

39.3

39.3

4011

43.9

43.9

43.9

44.2

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

41
411
413

34.0
38.2
38.8

36.4
37.9
39.4

34.2
38.5
38.9

34.3
38.3
38.6

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

38.4
38.5
38.2

38.3
38.3
38.1

38.5
38.5
37.9

38.8
38.8
38.8

Pipe lines, except natural gas

46

41.9

41.6

42.3

41.2

311
314

3143
3144

316
317

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

See footnotes at end of table.

92




July
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

$9.91
9.97
10.66
9.01
8.55
9.71
9.02
10.14
9.75
10.26
10.33
7.84
11.90

$9.98 $10.19 $10.16 $10.22 $372.62
10.10
10.04
334.00
10.11
10.62
10.58
396.55
10.62
8.96
9.24
356.80
9.20
8.74
8.44
8.84
326.61
10.07
9.77
9.79
406.85
9.36
323.82
9.15
9.33
10.44
10.24
393.43
10.51
10.05
9.80
375.38
10.16
10.59
398.09
10.39
10.63
10.71
420.43
10.43
10.68
7.84
8.09
301.84
8.09
12.29
461.72
12.02
12.20

$376.25
336.34
394.63
358.40
326.63
413.27
324.83
398.34
378.28
404.17
428.67
301.06
465.17

$384.16
341.72
407.81
356.04
341.22
378.87
334.95
410.94
395.22
414.57
436.81
305.80
466.04

$383.03 $385.29
338.35
407.81
357.59
338.24
388.70
333.22
407.16
388.94
411.95
450.89
310.66
476.85

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
. 2861,9
287
289

11.95
13.10
13.16
12.12
13.08
11.76
11.22
10.95
10.70
13.70
10.02
9.00
10.33
14.39
14.19
14.45
11.34
10.94

12.05
13.25
13.33
12.22
13.26
11.80
11.23
10.91
10.74
13.89
10.03
8.89
10.32
14.58
14.33
14.66
11.66
11.04

12.31
13.48
13.60
12.49
13.56
11.92
11.60
11.26
10.88
14.11
10.02
9.30
10.83
14.79
14.69
14.82
11.64
11.29

12.27
13.53
13.64
12.48
13.47
11.97
11.64
11.30
10.70
13.97
9.96
9.12
10.69
14.78
14.75
14.79
11.81
11.22

12.35 500.71
546.27
557.98
505.40
561.13
485.69
470.12
461.00
439.77
609.65
420.84
348.30
432.83
630.28
611.59
635.80
485.35
448.54

501.28
553.85
565.19
513.24
564.88
500.32
459.31
448.40
439.27
616.72
411.23
344.04
430.34
628.40
606.16
636.24
487.39
448.22

518.25
564.81
576.64
530.83
587.15
500.64
477.92
461.66
443.90
609.55
406.81
368.28
460.28
653.72
636.08
659.49
500.52
465.15

516.57
569.61
581.06
532.90
584.60
507.53
486.55
472.34
439.77
611.89
412.34
360.24
448.98
641.45
631.30
644.84
500.74
465.63

519.94

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

14.12
15.30
10.99

14.16
15.36
10.95

14.52
15.75
11.43

14.41
15.60
11.43

14.53 624.10
677.79
497.85

621.62
677.38
490.56

637.43
686.70
523.49

628.28
677.04
518.92

643.68

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

30
301
302

8.71
13.69
5.91

8.78
13.89
6.18

8.84
13.85
5.99

8.86
14.00
6.05

8.95 358.85
587.30
235.81

354.71
584.77
234.22

366.86
602.48
247.99

370.35
613.20
261.97

366.06

303,4
306
307

8.48
8.46
8.07

8.63
8.51
8.10

8.92
8.53
8.24

8.96
8.53
8.26

360.40
351.09
330.06

359.01
344.66
324.81

366.61
353.14
339.49

377.22
354.00
342.79

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311
314
3143*
3144
316
317

5.91
7.69
5.59
5.97
5.31
6.11
5.71

5.92
7.59
5.61
6.02
5.29
5.94
5.86

6.05
8.12
5.70
6.07
5.39
6.42
5.94

6.04
8.14
5.70
6.07
5.37
6.37
6.00

5.98 222.22
312.98
206.27
215.52
200.72
241.96
210.13

219.04
302.08
207.01
217.32
201.02
207.90
209.79

233.53
337.79
220.02
233.09
211.83
252.31
218.00

238.58
341.88
226.29
240.37
215.34
255.44
222.60

230.23

11.63

11.67

11.95

11.95

11.99 458.22

459.80

466.05

469.64

471.21

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

4011

13.77

13.81

14.28

14.28

604.50

606.26

626.89

631.18

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

41
411
413

7.95
8.47
11.62

8.20
8.49
11.74

8.15
8.75
11.58

8.22
8.82
11.69

270.30
323.55
450.86

298.48
321.77
462.56

278.73
336.88
450.46

281.95
337.81
451.23

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

10.72
10.88
8.42

10.63
10.80
8.31

10.86
11.03
8.43

10.80
10.97
8.43

411.65
418.88
321.64

407.13
413.64
316.61

418.11
424.66
319.50

419.04
425.64
327.08

Pipe lines, except natural gas

46

15.05

14.82

15.36

15.30

630.60

616.51

649.73

630.36

See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

1972
SIC
Code

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

48
481
483

40.2
41.7
36.6

40.4
41.8
36.7

39.5
40.7
36.3

39.7
41.0
36.4

49
491
492
493
495

41.7
41.7
40.8
41.9
43.6

41.9
42.0
41.2
41.9
43.1

41.4
41.1
40.5
42.4
42.9

41.5
41.1
40.4
42.3
43.4

38.5

38.5

38.3

38.4

38.9
38.6
36.9
39.7
36.6
40.4
38.3
38.6
39.5
37.4

38.8
38.6
36.6
39.8
36.6
40.0
38.5
38.5
39.3
37.3

38.7
38.3
36.8
39.7
36.3
40.4
38.5
38.5
39.1
38.0

38.9
38.4
37.2
39.6
36.3
41.0
38.6
38.8
39.3
37.8

37.9
37.2
36.8
36.3
38.5
39.4
39.5
36.4
37.6

38.0
37.1
37.5
36.3
38.7
39.4
39.7
36.6
37.5

37.7
37.2
36.9
36.4
38.1
38.9
39.3
35.8
37.5

37.6
37.2
37.2
36.5
38.2
39.2
39.3
36.0
36.9

29.5

29.9

29.3

29.6

Wholesale trade .
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment.
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries ...
Apparel, piece goods, and notions ..
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products .
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages .
Miscellaneous nondurable goods ....

51
511

509

512
513
514
516
517
518

519

Retail trade.
Building materials and garden supplies .
Lumber and other building materials ..
Hardware stores

52
521
525

36.8
38.9
33.2

36.9
38.8
33.5

36.9
38.6
33.3

37.2
39.0
33.8

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores .

53
531
533
539

28.9
28.7
29.6
30.0

29.6
29.5
30.1
30.5

28.3
28.2
29.1
29.6

28.5
28.3
29.5
30.0

Food stores
Grocery stores .
Retail bakeries.

54
541

546

30.6
30.8
29.1

31.1
31.3
29.2

29.9
30.1
27.1

30.7
31.0
27.7

Automotive dealers and service stations .
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

36.9
37.5
39.9
34.4

36.9
37.4
39.9
34.6

36.6
37.3
39.6
34.1

36.9
37.7
39.5
34.4

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

26.9
30.4
25.6
27.3
27.8

27.2
30.6
26.0
27.0
28.3

26.7
29.7
25.6
26.6
26.9

27.1
30.1
25.7
27.2
28.1

Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

57
571
572
573

32.8
32.7
34.0
32.7

33.1
33.0
34.3
32.9

32.7
32.7
33.7
32.4

33.1
33.1
34.0
32.9

Eating and drinking places4 ...

58

25.9

26.2

25.9

26.3

See footnotes at end of table.

94




Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
July
1987P

38.2

30.0

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987"

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

1972
SIC
Code

48
481
483
49
491
492
493
495

Wholesale trade

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

$484.81 $489.24 $485.46 $489.50
534.59 535.46 530.73 535.05
392.72 393.42 393.49 398.22

$12.06 $12.11 $12.29 $12.33
13.05
13.04
12.82
12.81
10.94
10.84
10.73
10.72
13.31
13.39
12.49
15.53
9.67

13.29
13.42
12.40
15.45
9.72

13.70
13.80
12.94
15.97
10.05

13.67
13.78
12.80
16.07
9.96

555.03
558.36
509.59
650.71
421.61

556.85
563.64
510.88
647.36
418.93

567.18
567.18
524.07
677.13
431.15

567.31
566.36
517.12
679.76
432.26

9.33

9.30

9.57

9.56

$9.57 359.21

358.05

366.53

367.10

Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509

9.44
8.39
8.65
8.95
9.69
10.21
9.63
8.94
10.08
7.64

9.40
8.39
8.62
8.94
9.68
10.10
9.59
8.94
10.02
7.53

9.68
8.59
8.99
9.17
9.76
10.29
10.06
9.20
10.33
7.70

9.69
8.64
8.96
9.14
9.75
10.35
9.98
9.21
10.34
7.75

367.22
323.85
319.19
355.32
354.65
412.48
368.83
345.08
398.16
285.74

364.72
323.85
315.49
355.81
354.29
404.00
369.22
344.19
393.79
280.87

374.62
329.00
330.83
364.05
354.29
415.72
387.31
354.20
403.90
292.60

376.94
331.78
333.31
361.94
353.93
424.35
385.23
357.35
406.36
292.95

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

9.16
9.81
10.54
8.83
9.24
11.44
9.77
11.04
7.45

9.15
9.82
10.36
8.75
9.27
11.36
9.68
11.05
7.42

9.41
10.17
10.94
9.24
9.49
12.12
9.70
11.10
7.70

9.38
10.05
10.84
9.14
9.46
11.98
9.61
11.01
7.71

347.16
364.93
387.87
320.53
355.74
450.74
385.92
401.86
280.12

347.70
364.32
388.50
317.63
358.75
447.58
384.30
404.43
278.25

354.76
378.32
403.69
336.34
361.57
471.47
381.21
397.38
288.75

352.69
373.86
403.25
333.61
361.37
469.62
377.67
396.36
284.50

6.00

5.98

6.09

6.07

177.00

178.80

178.44

179.67

Retail trade

July
1987P

6.07

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

6.73
7.09
5.73

6.74
7.08
5.74

6.93
7.26
5.92

6.94
7.26
5.90

247.66
275.80
190.24

248.71
274.70
192.29

255.72
280.24
197.14

258.17
283.14
199.42

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

6.27
6.56
4.70
4.91

6.30
6.58
4.79
4.89

6.45
6.76
4.80
5.08

6.45
6.75
4.80
5.05

181.20
188.27
139.12
147.30

186.48
194.11
144.18
149.15

182.54
190.63
139.68
150.37

183.83
191.03
141.60
151.50

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

7.03
7.20
5.44

6.98
7.14
5.45

6.95
7.10
5.60

6.90
7.04
5.56

215.12
221.76
158.30

217.08
223.48
159.14

207.81
213.71
151.76

211.83
218.24
154.01

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

7.71
9.49
6.54
5.44

7.63
9.38
6.49
5.43

7.79
9.51
6.70
5.51

7.80
9.54
6.71
5.49

284.50
355.88
260.95
187.14

281.55
350.81
258.95
187.88

285.11
354.72
265.32
187.89

287.82
359.66
265.05
188.86

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

5.39
6.35
5.08
5.38
5.38

5.34
6.29
5.03
5.29
5.36

5.56
6.71
5.21
5.49
5.59

5.58
6.82
5.21
5.60
5.51

144.99
193.04
130.05
146.87
149.56

145.25
192.47
130.78
142.83
151.69

148.45
199.29
133.38
146.03
150.37

151.22
205.28
133.90
152.32
154.83

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

57
571
572
573

7.30
7.33
7.42
7.22

7.29
7.29
7.34
7.28

7.48
7.54
7.39
7.42

7.47
7.53
7.45
7.36

239.44
239.69
252.28
236.09

241.30
240.57
251.76
239.51

244.60
246.56
249.04
240.41

247.26
249.24
253.30
242.14

Eating and drinking places4

58

4.33

4.32

4.39

4.38

112.15

113.18

113.70

115.19

$365.57

182.10

See footnotes at end of table.




95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores .
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591

594
596
598

599

5

Finance, insurance, and real estate .

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

30.4
28.8
28.9
32.9
38.1
32.0

30.6
29.1
29.3
32.7
37.9
31.7

30.3
27.9
28.5
33.1
37.8
33.0

30.5
28.6
29.1
33.0
38.2
31.8

36.5

36.3

36.3

36.4

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks.

60
602

36.6
36.6

36.4
36.4

36.1
36.1

36.1
36.1

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations ...
Personal credit institutions

61
612
614

37.2
36.5
36.1

36.8
36.3
36.1

36.7
36.1
36.4

37.0
36.2
36.7

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance .
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance...

63
631
632
633

37.6
37.1
37.8
37.7

37.3
36.8
37.6
37.4

37.4
37.0
38.2
37.2

37.4
36.9
37.9
37.4

32.6

32.8

32.4

32.6

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts 4 .

701

31.0

31.2

30.8

30.8

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services .
Beauty shops4

721
723

34.1
29.8

33.9
29.2

34.6
29.8

34.3
29.9

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

73
731
734
737

33.8
36.4
29.0
37.9

33.6
36.2
28.5
38.2

33.5
36.4
28.7
37.4

33.7
36.8
29.3
37.6

Auto repair, services, and garages .
Automotive repair shops

75
753

37.6
38.7

37.9
38.9

36.9
38.3

37.0
38.6

Miscellaneous repair services .

76

37.9

38.0

37.6

38.1

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services .

78
781

27.4
35.7

28.8
35.9

28.0
36.3

29.0
37.3

Amusement and recreation services

79

28.8

30.2

28.2

29.2

Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals

80
801
802
805
806

32.5
31.0
27.9
31.5
34.3

32.6
30.9
27.9
31.9
34.5

32.2
30.8
28.0
31.3
33.9

32.4
30.8
28.1
31.7
34.3

Legal services

81

35.0

35.0

34.5

34.9

Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services .
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

89
891

38.5
39.8
37.0

38.6
39.9
37.0

38.3
39.4
36.8

38.5
39.8
36.6

See footnotes at end of table.

96




893

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
July
1987P

36.0

32.7

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1972
SIC
Code

59
591
594
596
598
599

Finance, insurance, and real estate5

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

June
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

$186.35
161.86
165.60
230.30
326.52
205.12

$187.27
164.42
166.72
229.88
322.53
204.78

$191.19
163.49
167.30
238.65
335.66
213.18

$191.85
166.45
170.24
237.60
337.69
207.65

$6.13
5.62
5.73
7.00
8.57
6.41

$6.12
5.65
5.69
7.03
8.51
6.46

$6.31
5.86
5.87
7.21
8.88
6.46

$6.29
5.82
5.85
7.20
8.84
6.53

8.37

8.30

8.72

8.65

$8.63 305.51

301.29

316.54

314.86

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks

60
602

7.19
7.00

7.14
6.96

7.49
7.24

7.44
7.22

263.15
256.20

259.90
253.34

270.39
261.36

268.58
260.64

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

61
612
614

7.64
6.97
7.25

7.57
6.90
7.20

7.90
7.34
7.38

7.88
7.35
7.41

284.21
254.41
261.73

278.58
250.47
259.92

289.93
264.97
268.63

291.56
266.07
271.95

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

9.05
8.55
9.08
9.43

9.06
8.61
9.10
9.38

9.54
9.12
9.34
9.90

9.53
9.10
9.35
9.86

340.28
317.21
343.22
355.51

337.94
316.85
342.16
350.81

356.80
337.44
356.79
368.28

356.42
335.79
354.37
368.76

8.10

8.04

8.38

8.35

8.34 264.06

263.71

271.51

272.21

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4

701

5.87

5.81

6.09

6.03

181.97

181.27

187.57

185.72

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4

721
723

5.99
6.31

6.00
6.30

6.12
6.39

6.17
6.54

204.26
188.04

203.40
183.96

211.75
190.42

211.63
195.55

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

73
731
734
737

8.44
11.60
6.59
11.70

8.42
11.47
6.66
11.58

8.62
11.75
6.71
11.96

8.66
11.78
6.79
12.06

285.27
422.24
191.11
443.43

282.91
415.21
189.81
442.36

288.77
427.70
192.58
447.30

291.84
433.50
198.95
453.46

Auto repair, services, and garages

75
753

7.53
8.15

7.49
8.10

7.78
8.39

7.83
8.41

283.13
315.41

283.87
315.09

287.08
321.34

289.71
324.63

76

8.79

8.79

9.03

9.03

333.14

334.02

339.53

344.04

78
781

10.91
15.56

10.95
16.02

11.72
15.42

10.98
15.29

298.93
555.49

315.36
575.12

328.16
559.75

318.42
570.32

79

6.43

6.16

7.06

6.51

185.18

186.03

199.09

190.09

80
801
802
805
806

8.31
8.17
8.29
5.78
9.29

8.36
8.13
8.24
5.82
9.40

8.61
8.30
8.48
5.94
9.75

8.60
8.29
8.46
5.96
9.73

270.08
253.27
231.29
182.07
318.65

272.54
251.22
229.90
185.66
324.30

277.24
255.64
237.44
185.92
330.53

278.64
255.33
237.73
188.93
333.74

81

11.40

11.16

11.69

11.86

399.00

390.60

403.31

413.91

89
891
893

11.77
12.56
10.11

11.64
12.42
9.98

12.01
12.89
10.21

11.99
12.80
10.30

453.15
499.89
374.07

449.30
495.56
369.26

459.98
507.87
375.73

461.62
509.44
376.98

Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Legal services
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in the aircraft industry (SIC
3721).
3
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
4
Money payments only; tips, not included.




July
1987P

$310.68

272.72

5
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from all series in this
division.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1986 forward are subject to
revision.

97

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft Manufacturing
For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' average
hourly earnings series for production workers in aircraft
manufacturing (sic 3721) has been used to escalate labor costs
in contracts between aircraft companies and their customers.
Although the Bureau's series by definition takes account of
traditional wage rate changes, it does not capture "lump-sum
payments to workers in lieu of general wage increases" which
were negotiated in aircraft manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
As a service to aircraft companies and other interested parties,
BLS has calculated an average hourly earnings series for sic 3721
which includes lump-sum payments. This series is presented in
table C-2a along with the average hourly earnings series produced as part of the Current Employment Statistics program. The
series begins in October 1983, the effective date of the first aircraft bargaining agreement using lump-sum payments.
The*general practice in the industry has been to make this
payment at the beginning of the contract year "in lieu of a
wage increase" and to base the amount of the payment on the
workers' earnings during the preceding year. As a result, the
Bureau considered three approaches to the method for
calculating an average hourly earnings series which includes
lump-sum payments:
1. The entire payment could be included in the month in
which the payment was made.
2. The payments could be prorated backward to payroll
periods used to determine the amount of the lump-sum
payment.
3. The payments could be prorated forward as an advance

payment for payroll periods in the year following the
payment.
The first approach, attractive because it includes the payment in the month in which it is received by the worker, creates
1-month "spikes" and a series which would not be useful for
escalation purposes. The second approach, which prorates the
payments backward, places emphasis on the determination of
the amount of the payment from workers' earnings in the
previous year. This approach generally relates the payments to
the workers who receive them. However, the Bureau has
received statements from both union and company officials
who negotiated the agreements covering a majority of the
workers in the industry. These statements make clear that the
intent of the bargainers was to make an advance payment for
the upcoming contract year in lieu of an increase in wage rates
for that following year.
Because BLS has a longstanding policy of leaving the interpretation of collective bargaining agreements to the parties involved,
the Bureau calculated the inclusion of lump-sum payments using
the third method, prorating the payments forward through the
years covered by the contract. Because the payments prorated forward under this approach may include payments to workers no
longer on the payroll, data provided by the aircraft companies
have been used to adjust for this difference.
Lump-sum payments are but one of several recent changes
in the way that employees are compensated. The changes are
widespread and they differ by industry. Because of these
developments, the Bureau plans to conduct a broad-based
review of all concepts and definitions used in its earnings and
wage programs to determine the proper treatment of lumpsum payments and other new compensation practices.

C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing (SIC 3721)

Year

Annual
average

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

$12.76
13.04
13.35
13.52

$12.83
13.05
13.37
13.67

$12.93
13.13
13.48
13.65

$12.83
13.26
13.54
14.19

$12.92
13.28
13.57
14.31

$13.03
13.37
13.68
14.26

Average hourly earnings, excluding lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987

$12.91
13.18
13.48

$12.82
13.01
13.38
13.61

$12.88
13.12
13.44
13.61

$12.85
13.11
13.46
13.66

$12.81
13.04
13.45
13.63

$12.78
13.06
13.38
13.73

$12.87
13.11
13.42
p
13.72

$12.89
13.05
13.41

$12.87
13.16
13.44

$12.97
13.26
13.48

Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
p

= preliminary.

98




$13.11
13.40
13.80

$12.95
13.26
13.58
14.21

$13.02
13.36
13.64
14.25

$13.02
13.33
13.66
14.29

$12.98
13.26
13.68
14.36

$12.97
13.27
13.60
14.42

$13.06
13.33
13.64
p
14.40

$13.11
13.29
13.61

$13.09
13.39
13.63

$13.19
13.48
13.67

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Industry

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ..
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
n
= preliminary.




June
1987P

July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

$9.32

$9.35

$9.45

$9.45

$9.46

9.85
8.03
7.24
9.48

9.87
7.94
7.24
9.48

9.96
7.99
7.40
9.66

9.97

11.35
9.51
10.17
9.28
12.13
9.12
7.33

11.38
9.48

11.34
9.54

9.97
8.04
7.40
9.67
11.32
9.57

10.20
9.37
12.14
9.22
7.40

10.25
9.52
12.23
9.37
7.48

10.29
9.50

8.57
8.34
13.48
6.54
5.71

8.64
8.34
13.54
6.58
5.69

8.75
8.55
13.98
6.78
5.75

10.60
9.60

10.70
9.65
11.53
13.44
8.42
5.81

10.77
9.82
11.77
13.70
8.45
5.89

8.73
8.47
14.78
6.77
5.79
10.79
9.82

11.46
13.45
8.34
5.79

12.30
9.35
7.50
$8.77

11.74
13.65
8.45
5.85

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1986 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers'on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars.
Average hourly earnings
Industry

Average weekly earnings

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

$8.72
4.90

$8.70
4.89

$8.93
4.86

$8.92
4.83

$8.91

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

12.49
7.02

12.49
7.02

12.42
6.76

12.44
6.74

$12.34

523.33
294.01

517.09
290.66

526.61
286.67

527.46
285.89

$526.92

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

12.34
6.93

12.34
6.94

12.60
6.86

12.62
6.84

$12.59

466.45
262.05

471.39
264.97

485.10
264.07

480.82
260.61

$484.72

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

9.71
5.46

9.74
5.47

9.87
5.37

9.88
5.36

$9.88

396.17
222.57

391.55
220.10

403.68
219.75

406.07
220.09

$401.13

11.63
6.53

11.67
6.56

11.95
6.51

11.95
6.48

$11.99

458.22
257.43

459.80
258.46

466.05
253.70

469.64
254.55

$471.21

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

9.33
5.24

9.30
5.23

9.57
5.21

9.56
5.18

$9.57

359.21
201.80

358.05
201.26

366.53
199.53

367.10
198.97

$365.57

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

6.00
3.37

5.98
3.36

6.09
3.32

6.07
3.29

$6.07

177.00
99.44

178.80
100.51

178.44
97.14

179.67
97.38

$182.10

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

8.37
4.70

8.30
4.67

8.72
4.75

8.65
4.69

$8.63

305.51
171.63

301.29
169.36

316.54
172.31

314.86
170.66

$310.68

Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

8.10
4.55

8.04
4.52

8.38
4.56

8.35
4.53

$8.34

264.06
148.35

263.71
148.23

271.51
147.80

272.21
147.54

$272.72

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
1
= preliminary.

100




June
1987P

July
1987P

June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

July
1987P

$304.33 $303.63 $310.76 $312.20 $311.85
170.97 170.67
169.17 169.21

NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced all unadjusted data from April 1986 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1987

1986
Industry
July

Total private

34.7

Aug.

34.7

Sept.

34.7

Oct.

34.7

Nov.

34.8

Dec,
34.6

Jan.

34.7

Feb.

34.9

Mar.

34.8

Apr.

34.7

May

34.9

Junep

Julyp

34.8

34.7

Mining

0

Construction
40.6
3.5
41.2
3.5
40.4
39.7
42.1
41.4
41.5
41.1
41.3
41.1
42.2
42.5
40.7

40.8
3.5
41.4
3.6
40.2
39.9
42.3
42.0
41.7
41.3
41.6
41.1
42.4
42.5
40.9

40.8
3.5
41.4
3.6
40.3
40.0
42.4
42.1
41.9
41.5
41.7
41.2
42.4
42.7
40.7

40.7
3.5
41.3
3.5
40.4
39.9
42.3
42.3
42.4
41.3
41.7
41.0
42.1
42.1
40.9

40.8
3.5
41.4
3.5
40.8
39.8
41.9
42.4
42.5
41.4
41.7
41.0
42.2
42.4
41.1

40.8
3.6
41.4
3.6
40.6
39.9
42.2
42.5
42.6
41.2
41.7
41.0
42.1
42.4
41.1

40.9
3.6
41.6
3.7
40.8
40.2
42.5
42.6
42.7
41.6
42.0
41.0
42.3
42.9
41.2

41.1
3.6
41.7
3.7
41.3
40.2
42.8
42.6
42.3
41.6
42.2
41.1
42.5
43.0
41.3

40.9
3.6
41.5
3.7
40.9
40.0
42.5
42.6
42.3
41.5
42.0
40.9
42.3
42.9
41.3

40.6
3.5
41.2
3.6
40.6
39.1
41.9
42.3
42.4
41.2
41.8
40.6
41.9
42.1
41.0

41.0
3.8
41.6
3.9
41.0
39.9
42.3
43.1
43.3
41.6
42.2
40.8
42.2
42.5
41.5

41.0
3.7
41.5
3.8
40.5
40.0
42.1
43.1
43.5
41.5
42.2
41.1
41.9
42.0
41.6

41.0
3.8
41.6
3.8
40.4
40.1
42.3
43.3
43.8
41.5
42.4
41.1
41.8
42.0
41.6

39.8
3.4
39.9
(2)
41.0
36.6
43.2
38.0
41.8
43.7

40.0
3.4
40.2
(2)
41.2
36.6
43.4
38.0
42.0
44.2

39.9
3.3
39.8
(2)
41.4
36.8
42.9
38.0
41.8
43.5

39.9
3.4

40.0
3.5
39.8

40.1
3.5
40.0
(2)

40.1
3.5
40.0
(2)

39.7
3.3
39.8
(2)
41.4

42.1
43.6

41.6
37.0
43.4
37.9
42.2
44.6

40.3
3.5
40.1
(2)
42.0
37.4
43.3
38.1
42.2
44.0

43.9

40.2
3.7
40.1
(2)
42.0
37.2
43.5
37.9
42.1
44.3

40.3
3.6
40.2
(2)
42.0
37.2
43.3
38.1
42.0
43.6

40.2
3.7
39.9
2
()

41.4
36.8
43.1
38.0
42.0
43.7

40.0
3.5
40.0
(2)
41.4
36.9
43.2
38.0
42.3
43.8

Transportation and public utilities

39.2

39.1

39.1

39.1

39.2

38.9

39.0

39.2

39.0

39.0

39.2

39.0

39.1

Wholesale trade

38.3

38.4

38.2

38.3

38.3

38.2

38.3

38.3

38.1

38.2

38.3

38.2

38.0

Retail trade

29.2

29.2

29.1

29.1

29.2

28.9

29.0

29.3

29.3

29.5

29.4

29.2

29.3

Finance, insurance, and real estate

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Services

32.5

32.4

32.4

32.4

32.5

32.4

32.4

32.6

32.5

32.4

32.5

32.5

32.4

Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

39.8

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular




(2)
41.6
37.0
43.2
38.0

42.1
37.0
43.0
37.9
42.0
44.1

36.1
43.0
37.7
42.2

42.8
37.2
43.2
38.0
42.4
44.1

components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1983 forward are
subject to revision.

101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major Industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1977=100)

1986

1987

Industry

Total private ...
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

117.3

117.6

117.6

117.7

118.2

117.9

118.7

119.7

119.6

119.6

120.2

120.0

120.3

97.2

97.8

97.8

97.6

97.8

97.8

98.8

99.3

98.9

98.0

99.2

99.0

99.5

83.6

82.6

80.7

81.0

79.5

79.5

78.9

79.9

80.0

81.3

83.4

83.2

85.6

130.5

132.0

132.3

131.6

131.1

130.7

136.2

136.2

135.5

132.8

134.3

132.7

133.1

91.4

91.9

91.9

91.8

92.2

92.3

92.5

93.1

92.8

92.1

93.1

93.2

93.7

89.3
97.1
105.7
86.1
60.8
50.7
87.7
85.6
101.2
96.0
85.3

89.9
97.9

89.8
98.7
107.1
86.7
60.4
46.6
88.9
85.0
101.3
97.5
87.1
101.9
79.3

89.5
99.2

89.8
100.9
106.3
85.5

89.6
102.0
105.7
86.3
62.1

90.5

90.5

103.2
109.0
86.9
63.1
50.7
89.0
86.0

101.5

90.7
102.4

101.3
79.7

106.5
86.3
60.6
47.9
88.4
86.0
101.3
97.5
86.8
102.1
79.7

128.0
92.5
82.6
108.9
55.5

95.0
98.3
72.8
78.8
84.6
99.2
128.1
93.1
83.5
110.7
55.8

128.4

Transportation and public utilities .

94.6
97.7
78.6
78.2
84.6
99.2

95.0
97.6
76.5
79.2
85.0
98.9

106.8
86.1
60.7
47.7
88.3
84.4
100.8
96.8
84.9
101.8
79.0

128.4
92.5
81.4

95.3
97.6
76.9
79.6
85.1
99.7
128.9
92.8
81.8

111.6
55.2

112.0
55.4

128.6

128.5

128.8

105.8

104.8

106.1

106.1

Wholesale trade

117.1

117.5

116.8

116.9

Retail trade

118.3

118.6

118.4

118.6

Finance, insurance, and real estate

137.3

138.6

137.8

139.0

Services

146.5

146.5

146.7

146.9

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products
Service-producing

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.

102




Junep

July

60.9
47.1
88.5

89.8

90.0

90.6

101.0
106.5
86.5
61.1

101.5

103.3

90.2
102.5

107.9
87.3
60.4
46.1
89.1

107.9

107.9

88.3
61.2
46.8
89.1
85.1
100.8

87.5
61.9
47.7
88.9
84.7

46.9
88.3
83.8

84.1
101.1
97.9
87.0

101.5
97.2
86.3

100.8
97.5
87.5

102.1
80.2

102.1
81.0

101.8
81.0

102.0
81.1

95.8
98.7
76.7
80.1
85.2

96.0
98.5
75.9

96.3

96.7

99.3
76.0

100.1
129.1
93.4

100.5

98.8
76.3
81.2
85.8
100.6
129.5

82.0

112.4

81.6
112.7

112.9

83.1
113.5

55.5

56.7

57.4

57.8

129.6
107.0
116.8
119.2
140.3
147.9

80.8
86.3
129.4

92.7

129.0
106.5
116.4
118.0
139.8
147.8

84.2

93.2
84.3

129.8
107.0
117.1
118.9
140.4
148.6

98.9
89.0

82.3

86.1
100.6
130.2
93.4

131.0

49.6
88.4
84.8

51.4
89.1
86.5
100.0

99.9
98.2

99.0
96.6

99.4
97.3

96.8

88.0
101.7
81.1

85.6

101.0
79.9

86.1
102.0
81.0

85.5
102.5

97.0
99.6

97.2
99.5
76.3

96.5
99.4
77.7
82.9
85.3
99.7
129.4
93.1
83.3
113.5
57.8

95.7
99.3
77.3
81.3
83.5
99.5
128.7
93.4
82.9
112.6
57.4

131.0

131.5

107.7

107.9

116.9

117.4

120.3

121.6

141.5

142.0

150.2

150.3

107.8
117.4
120.4
141.0
150.1

109.2
86.3
63.5

81.6

July"

111.9
86.3

63.9
51.5
89.5
87.5
100.8
94.1
80.6
103.0
82.2

98.1
100.0

73.1
85.9
87.7
100.1

80.1
82.9
85.8
100.5
130.0

100.0
131.1

93.7
84.5
114.5

93.9
83.9
114.8

94.8
84.9
114.7

59.5

59.8

61.1

131.9

131.7

131.7

108.5

108.2

108.3

117.7

117.6

117.1

121.2

120.3

121.2

142.5

142.5

141.2

151.2

151.5

151.5

83.3

86.1

131.1

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1983 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-7. The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1
on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1987

1986
Industry
July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Junep

July"

2

Hourly Earnings lndex (1977 = 100)
Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities

169.1

169.5

169.8

170.2

171.2

171.1

171.2

171.8

172.2

172.6

172.9

172.9

173.2

151.5
172.4
171.0

152.0
172.7
171.2

151.9
172.7
171.7

153.2
173.0
171.9

154.7
173.2
172.9

154.3
173.4
173.5

152.8
173.4
173.6

152.4
173.7
174.3

153.8
174.3
174.6

153.7
175.0
175.2

154.1
174.4
176.2

155.1
174.8
175.9

154.7
174.9
176.2

158.1

158.6

159.0

159.3

159.3

159.3

158.9

158.9

159.0

159.8

160.2

160.2

160.9

174.0

174.6

174.7

175.7

177.1

176.6

177.5

178.4

179.0

179.4

179.9

179.8

180.5

95.1

95.2

95.0

95.1

95.5

95.3

94.7

94.6

94.4

94.2

94.0

93.8

$8.74

$8.77

$8.78

$8.82

$8.86

$8.91

$8.91

$8.95

$8.94

Whntoftfllo traHo

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
4

Total private (in constant dollars)

Average} hourly earnings
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

$8.84

$8.86

$8.88

$8.96

$12.44 $12.48 $12.48 $12.57 $12.70 $12.65 $12.51 $12.48 $12.62 $12.61 $12.65 $12.73 $12.69
9.89
9.88
9.86
9.88
9.75
9.77
9.79
9.79
9.81
9.83
9.74
9.75
9.78
12.01
12.03
11.96
11.71
11.83
11.86
12.05
11.73
11.77
11.82
11.89
11.92
11.70
9.57
9.59
9.52
9.37
9 42
9.47
9.35
9.48
9.59
9.40
9.50
9.53
9.32
6.09
6.11
6.08
6.09
6.04
6.07
6.05
6.05
6.02
6 03
6.05
6.06
6.09
8.65
8.68
8.69
8.74
8.67
8.41
8.59
8.66
8.35
8.39
8.43
8.59
8.46
8.40
8.45
8.39
8.41
8.22
8.30
8.35
8.38
8.14
8.17
8.29
8.25
8.18
Average weekly earnings

Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1977) dollars4

303.28 304.32 304.67 306.05 308.33 305.86 307.44 309.91 310.07 309.18 312.36 311.11 310.91
168.71
170.57 170.97 170.59 171.07 171.96 170.40 170.04 170.75 170.09 168.77 170.01

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Excludes the effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to
underlying wage rate movements: Fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing
and interindustry employment shifts.
3
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular




components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
4
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series.
5
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1983 forward are subject to
revision.

103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings
June
1986

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June

May
1987

June
1987P

Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile

41.2
41.0
41.4

41.1
40.2
41.9

41.4
40.1
40.8

$8.61
8.83
10.19

$8.72
8.94
10.02

$8.74
8.97
10.01

$354.73
362.03
421.87

$358.39
359.39
419.84

$361.84
359.70
408.41

Alaska

38.4

42.7

41.9

12.12

10.82

10.88

465.41

462.01

455.87

Arizona

41.2

41.0

40.8

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

40.7
40.4
40.5
40.0
43.6

40.8
40.8
40.1
41.3
42.4

41.4
39.5
41.1
41.8
43.5

9.77

9.92

9.93

402.52

406.72

405.14

7.68
6.91
8.10
8.14
9.81

7.94
7.21
8.25
8.37
10.62

7.89
7.06
8.28
8.27
10.42

312.58
279.16
328.05
325.60
427.72

323.95
294.17
330.83
345.68
450.29

326.65
278.87
340.31
345.69
453.27

California

40.3

40.5

Colorado
Denver

40.3
40.0

40.5
42.5

40.4

10.31

10.69

10.84

415.49

432.95

437.94

40.3
41.8

9.72
10.60

10.05
10.72

10.03
10.72

391.72
424.00

407.03
455.60

404.21
448.10

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

41.9
41.4
41.7
41.6
40.7
40.8
42.5

41.8
42.2
41.5
43.3
40.6
40.3
42.7

41.9
42.2
42.1
43.4
40.7
40.6
42.8

10.04
10.31
10.26
10.52
9.58
10.81
8.36

10.32
10.83
10.63
10.69
10.05
11.28
8.87

10.37
10.77
10.69
10.79
10.10
11.43
8.99

420.68
426.83
427.84
437.63
389.91
441.05
355.30

431.38
457.03
441.15
462.88
408.03
454.58
378.75

434.50
454.49
450.05
468.29
411.07
464.06
384.77

Delaware
Wilmington

41.7
42.2

41.6
41.7

40.6
41.9

9.96
11.81

10.45
12.40

10.53
12.36

415.33
498.38

434.72
517.08

427.52
517.88

District of Columbia:
Washington MSA

38.1

39.4

38.8

10.25

10.76

10.79

390.53

423.94

418.65

Florida
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

41.0
41.5
42.2
39.0
39.3
42.1
42.8
40.5
39.6

40.6
42.2
40.5
42.3
38.7
40.2
41.1
40.3
39.6

40.8
42.2
40.6
41.3
39.2
40.5
41.8
40.4
40.9

7.92
7.74
8.61
7.78
6.97
8.30
9.81
7.49
8.44

8.08
8.09
8.80
7.82
7.08
8.42
10.00
7.66
9.34

8.14
8.15
8.73
7.95
7.16
8.53
10.08
7.74
9.28

324.72
321.21
363.34
303.42
273.92
349.43
419.87
303.35
334.22

328.05
341.40
356.40
330.79
274.00
338.48
411.00
308.70
369.86

332.11
343.93
354.44
328.34
280.67
345.47
421.34
312.70
379.55

Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah

41.1
40.6
45.5

41.6
41.6
44.8

42.2
42.2
46.0

8.29
10.18
10.67

8.39
9.97
10.88

8.42
10.02
10.97

340.72
413.31
485.49

349.02
414.75
487.42

355.32
422.84
504.62

Hawaii

38.4
39.0

39.5
39.8

38.1
38.3

8.54
8.59

9.28
9.29

9.29
9.42

327.94
335.01

366.56
369.74

353.95
360.79

38.7

38.9

38.7

9.77

9.45

10.18

378.10

367.61

393.97

41.0
40.2
40.7
39.1
41.8
40.0
40.9
41.4
40.0
41.8
42.1
41.9
42.2

41.4
42.2
40.3
40.7
41.7
40.0
41.8
42.4
38.4
39.3
42.7
42.2
41.7

41.6
42.6
41.9
40.6
41.9
39.8
41.1
42.3
38.4
39.3
44.3
41.9
42.2

10.69
9.93
10.91
8.85
10.51
12.72
13.72
11.58
10.30
10.42
12.92
10.93
11.37

10.86
10.32
10.74
8.97
10.58
12.85
13.76
11.73
9.90
10.80
12.88
10.90
11.53

10.89
10.36
10.81
9.01
10.61
12.84
13.87
11.81
9.82
10.82
13.06
11.05
11.54

438.29
399.19
444.04
346.04
439.32
508.80
561.15
479.41
412.00
435.56
543.93
457.97
479.81

449.60
435.50
432.82
365.08
441.19
514.00
575.17
497.35
380.16
424.44
549.98
459.98
480.80

453.02
441.34
452.94
365.81
444.56
511.03
570.06
499.56
377.09
425.23
578.56
463.00
486.99

Honolulu
Idaho
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
v
joiiet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
See footnotes at end of table.

104




May
1987

June
1987P

Average weekly earnings

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours

State and area

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

Average hourly earnings
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

Average weekly earnings
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987?

41.5

41.7

41.8

$10.76

$11.01

$11.01

$446.54

$459.12

$460.22

40.1
40.2
37.9
39.7
42.5

41.3
40.1
41.8
42.2
39.2

41.4
40.0
40.2
42.9
38.3

10.40
11.53
11.21
11.79
8.59

10.52
11.31
11.66
12.31
8.31

10.61
12.07
11.39
12.42
8.17

417.04
463.51
424.86
468.06
365.08

434.48
453.53
487.39
519.48
325.75

439.25
482.80
457.88
532.82
312.91

Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

40.5
40.8
38.4

41.0
43.2
39.7

41.3
41.7
41.0

9.64
10.88
10.16

9.97
10.71
11.05

9.87
10.69
10.99

390.42
443.90
390.14

408.77
462.67
438.69

407.63
445.77
450.59

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville

39.0
36.9
40.9

40.3
37.8
41.8

40.3
37.6
41.5

9.85
10.26
10.77

10.07
10.82
11.21

10.09
10.99
11.31

384.15
378.59
440.49

405.82
409.00
468.58

406.63
413.22
469.37

Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport

41.4
41.8
39.9
39.9

41.8
41.6
40.9
38.6

41.6
42.4
40.3
38.6

10.61
12.49
10.64
11.07

10.88
12.50
10.68
11.23

10.83
12.41
10.51
11.56

439.25
522.08
424.54
441.69

454.78
520.00
436.81
433.48

450.53
526.18
423.55
446.22

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

40.8
39.1
39.3

41.6
40.3
40.5

41.7
42.0
39.1

8.55
7.27
9.07

8.69
7.30
9.18

8.73
7.31
9.14

348.84
284.26
356.45

361.50
294.19
371.79

364.04
307.02
357.37

Maryland
Baltimore MSA

40.6
41.1

40.7
42.3

40.4
41.2

9.88
10.44

10.06
10.79

9.86
10.67

401.13
429.09

409.44
456.42

398.34
439.60

Massachusetts
Boston
Springfield
Worcester

41.3
40.7
42.7
41.1

41.0
40.6
42.1
41.3

41.3
40.8
42.2
41.3

9.18
10.10
8.97
9.41

9.67
10.65
9.14
9.62

9.71
10.65
9.17
9.63

379.13
411.07
383.02
386.75

396.47
432.39
384.79
397.31

401.02
434.52
386.97
397.72

Michigan
Ann Arbor

42.3
44.2
42.5
43.3
43.1
40.3
41.2
42.3
41.8
40.1
43.5

42.0
43.9
43.0
43.0
42.9
39.5
42.1
42.1
42.8
41.0
42.9

41.9
44.5
43.5
42.9
41.4
39.9
42.2
42.4
42.8
40.3
43.0

12.78
13.64
13.33
13.73
14.63
10.74
10.31
11.88
14.23
11.42
13.96

12.88
13.94
13.69
13.79
14.90
11.11
10.02
11.90
14.03
11.43
14.41

12.92
13.98
14.03
13.83
15.16
11.17
10.16
12.03
14.09
11.65
14.36

540.59
602.89
566.52
594.51
630.55
432.82
424.77
502.52
594.81
457.94
607.26

540.96
611.97
588.67
592.97
639.21
438.84
421.84
500.99
600.48
468.63
618.19

541.35
622.11
610.30
593.31
627.62
445.68
428.75
510.07
603.05
469.49
617.48

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud

40.7
40.2
41.2
39.7

40.4
38.9
40.9
39.0

40.9
39.3
41.2
38.4

10.24
10.69
9.48

10.48
10.88
11.18
9.05

10.42
10.73
11.10
9.44

416.77
429.74
454.44
376.36

423.39
423.23
457.26
352.95

426.18
421.69
457.32
362.50

Mississippi
Jackson

40.5
40.5

39.9
40.0

40.2
40.2

7.45
8.26

7.55
8.43

7.57
8.61

301.73
334.53

301.25
337.20

304.31
346.12

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

40.5
40.7
41.1
40.1
41.9

40.7
40.2
39.1
41.2
39.1

40.6
40.5
41.0
40.8
39.9

9.76
11.04
9.29
11.22
8.94

9.73
10.92
9.79
11.42
8.69

9.81
10.99
10.32
11.56

395.28
449.33
381.82
449.92
374.59

396.01
438.98
382.79
470.50
339.78

398.29
445.10
423.12
471.65
346.73

Montana

39.0

39.5

39.5

11.23

10.74

10.68

437.97

424.23

421.86

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

41.3
40.1
42.3

40.0
39.7
40.1

40.0
39.9
40.2

9.26
9.42
9.71

9.31
9.76
9.99

9.25
9.71
9.91

382.44
377.74
410.73

372.40
387.47
400.60

370.00
387.43
398.38

Nevada
Las Vegas

39.6
39.6

40.5
40.5

41.0
41.3

9.35
11.03

9.75
11.86

9.75
11.91

370.26
436.79

394.88
480.33

399.75
491.88

Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City

Battle Creek
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland ....

11.03

See footnotes at end of table.




105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls In States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

Average hourly earnings
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987*

Average weekly earnings
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

41.3
41.4

41.0
42.2

41.1
42.5

$8.76
10.29

$9.20
11.34

$9.26
11.34

$361.79
426.01

$377.20
478.55

$380.59
481.95

41.3

41.0

41.1

10.16

10.42

10.45

419.61

427.22

429.50

39.3
39.1

41.0
41.5

39.7
41.0

8.67
8.88

8.79
8.97

347.81
347.21

355.47
372.67

348.96
367.77

39.8
40.7
40.6
42.0
41.4
39.9
40.3
37.2
36.7
41.1
39.7
42.2
41.2
40.5
41.1
41.0
39.9

39.7
39.8
39.8
40.8
40.7
(1)
40.1
37.7
37.4
40.7
38.5
42.6

40.0
39.9
40.6

10.02
10.44

9.97
10.46
8.94
11.83
9.43
(1)
10.61
9.36
9.29
12.78
7.88
9.34
11.71
10.34
11.04
9.69
9.58

394.02
417.99
360.93
513.66
388.75
385.04
404.21
340.01
330.30
526.49
316.81
383.60
491.93
393.66
462.79
382.94
397.80

397.79
415.51
362.58
487.15
379.73
428.67
354.38
348.94
516.08
305.31
393.20
489.57
403.69
444.51
393.05
385.66

398.80
417.35
362.96
487.40
400.78
(1)
428.64
351.94
346.52
522.70
301.02
388.54
494.16
410.50
457.06
404.07
387.99

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

Nashua
New Jersey
New Mexico
Albuquerque
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

...

9.90

41.6
42.2
39.7

10.27
8.89
12.23
9.39
9.65
10.03
9.14
9.00
12.81
7.98
9.09
11.94
9.72

39.8

41.4
41.7
40.5

11.26
9.34
9.97

40.7
41.0
41.3
40.3
41.5

41.1
42.0
42.5
41.0
41.8

41.5
42.3
42.9
41.1
42.1

7.49
7.61
7.67
8.27
8.63

7.78
7.79
8.03
8.65
8.80

7.82
7.77
8.02
8.77
8.88

304.84
312.01
316.77
333.28
358.15

319.76
327.18
341.28
354.65
367.84

324.53
328.67
344.06
360.45
373.85

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead

38.2
37.1

40.2
37.8

38.4
37.1

8.18
8.57

8.46
8.46

8.46
8.44

312.48
317.95

340.09
319.79

324.86
313.12

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

41.9
43.9
39.9
41.7
42.1
41.0
43.1
42.2
41.0

42.5
43.0
42.7
42.3
42.7
41.6
41.4
41.9
42.7

42.5
42.6
42.0
43.0
42.9
41.5
42.0
41.5
42.7

11.50
11.21
11.20
10.64
11.41
11.23
12.02
12.42
13.17

11.71
11.33
11.39
11.02
11.55
11.40
11.74
12.71
13.25

11.71
11.27
11.33
10.93
11.57
11.41
11.86
12.72
13.27

481.85
492.12
446.88
443.69
480.36
460.43
518.06
524.12
539.97

497.68
487.19
486.35
466.15
493.19
474.24
486.04
532.55
565.78

497.68
480.10
475.86
469.99
496.35
473.52
498.12
527.88
566.63

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

41.3
40.1
39.3

41.2
40.8
40.8

41.0
40.9
40.3

9.70
10.81
10.52

9.98
11.11
10.61

10.02
11.14
10.50

400.61
433.48
413.44

411.18
453.29
432.89

410.82
455.63
423.15

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

39.0
40.6
39.2
38.5

40.3
41.2
39.9
38.7

39.5
39.9
39.5
40.1

10.75
11.34
10.94
9.43

10.62
10.53
10.83
9.59

10.63
10.79
10.78
9.04

419.25
460.40
428.85
363.06

427.99
433.84
432.12
371.13

419.89
430.52
425.81
362.50

See footnotes at end of table.

106




.,

\

40.9
39.5
40.3
41.2

41.2

42.5
(1)
40.4
37.6
37.3

40.9
38.2

9.11
11.94
9.33
(1)
10.69

9.40
9.33
12.68
7.93
9.23
11.97
10.22
11.03

9.54

O

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

40.3
39.2
39.0
42.5
41.8
40.0
38.3
39.8
40.1
41.2
40.4
38.7
40.9
38.9
40.5
41.5

40.7
39.2
39.4
41.9
41.8
39.7
38.8
40.0
40.5
41.9
40.7
38.4
41.5
39.4
42.0
42.8

41.1
39.6
40.5
42.4
42.0
39.7
39.7
40.8
41.0
42.5
40.9
39.3
42.6
39.6
42.6
42.6

$9.70
10.26
8.50
11.87
10.18
9.17
8.22
9.41
10.38
11.06
9.87
8.62
11.00
8.10
8.50
9.18

$9.92
10.44
8.65
11.13
10.17
9.32
8.42
9.66
10.73
11.16
10.00
8.68
11.29
8.11
8.51
9.42

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

40.7
40.4
40.2

40.2
40.3
39.9

40.4
40.4
40.2

7.91
7.42
7.94

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

40.8
42.3
40.1
41.1

41.6
41.5
40.7
41.5

41.9
41.9
41.5
41.9

South Dakota
Sioux Falls

41.6
45.8

40.8
41.5

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

41.3
42.9
43.3
39.0
44.2
39.1

Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Artington
Houston
San Antonio

June
1987P

Average weekly earnings
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

$9.94
10.39
8.66
11.16
10.22
9.31
8.40
9.75
10.80
11.20
10.02
8.66
11.26
8.11
8.53
9.40

$390.91
402.19
331.50
504.48
425.52
366.80
314.83
374.52
416.24
455.67
398.75
333.59
449.90
315.09
344.25
380.97

$403.74
409.25
340.81
466.35
425.11
370.00
326.70
386.40
434.57
467.60
407.00
333.31
468.54
319.53
357.42
403.18

$408.53
411.44
350.73
473.18
429.24
369.61
333.48
397.80
442.80
476.00
409.82
340.34
479.68
321.16
363.38
400.44

8.20
7.66
8.15

8.21
7.69
8.17

321.94
299.77
319.19

329.64
308.70
325.19

331.68
310.68
328.43

7.90
9.20
7.73
7.73

8.06
8.98
7.85
7.97

8.08
8.99
7.86
7.99

322.32
389.16
309.97
317.70

335.30
372.67
319.50
330.76

338.55
376.68
326.19
334.78

41.3
42.0

7.73
7.91

7.72
7.31

7.85
7.72

321.57
362.28

314.98
303.37

324.21
324.24

41.3
41.0
42.8
39.7
41.5
40.2

41.7
41.5
43.6
40.2
41.4
41.3

8.49
7.69
9.04
8.54
8.68
9.58

8.82
7.91
9.02
9.10
8.85
10.05

8.79
7.98
9.03
8.95
8.78
10.10

350.64
329.90
391.43
333.06
383.66
374.58

364.27
324.31
386.06
361.27
367.28
404.01

366.54
331.17
393.71
359.79
363.49
417.13

41.4
42.0
42.0
41.6
40.5

41.6
41.7
41.6
43.6
40.1

41.4
41.5
42.0
43.4
39.7

9.63
9.44
9.65
11.18
7.41

9.86
9.65
9.85
11.11
7.72

9.82
9.69
9.56
11.13
7.74

398.68
396.48
405.30
465.09
300.11

410.18
402.41
409.76
484.40
309.57

406.55
402.14
401.52
483.04
307.28

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden

39.5
40.1

39.7
40.5

39.4
39.9

10.19
9.93

9.91
9.92

9.87
9.89

402.51
398.19

393.43
401.76

388.88
394.61

Vermont
Burlington

40.8
41.8

40.4
40.6

40.8
40.9

8.75
9.55

9.07
9.95

9.11
9.92

357.00
399.19

366.43
403.97

371.69
405.73

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
„
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

40.3
40.6
41.4
40.9
40.0
41.0
40.4
40.2

41.0
39.4
40.8
44.0
40.9
40.4
41.6
40.7

40.8
39.6
41.4
44.1
41.4
40.3
40.8
40.6

8.81
7.49
7.53
8.24
8.37
9.33
11.04
8.37

8.99
7.61
7.59
8.36
8.48
9.81
11.57
8.75

9.06
7.64
7.57
8.30
8.46
9.94
11.65
8.74

355.04
304.09
311.74
337.02
334.80
382.53
446.02
336.47

368.59
299.83
309.67
367.84
346.83
396.32
481.31
356.13

369.65
302.54
313.40
366.03
350.24
400.58
475.32
354.84

See footnotes at end of table.




107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

$467.53

10.67
12.62
12.17
12.23
11.38

10.76
12.90
12.17
12.26
11.61

417.74
544.82
475.98
509.96
472.40

432.14
556.54
473.41
496.54
465.44

434.70
557.28
484.37
517.37
479.49

10.29
10.16

10.59

10.48

10.90

10.29
11.16

10.68
11.42

10.79
10.79

11.69

12.36

11.17
9.45

12.84

9.77
11.53
10.86
9.39

10.02
11.65
11.23
9.77

11.58
11.16
,9.50

421.89
428.75
419.83
465.37
445.39
456.85
368.55
391.78
471.58
447.43
372.78
404.21

436.31
464.34
430.40
475.07
474.62
552.12
368.93
401.80
478.82
449.20
400.57
418.63

433.87
460.73
451.02
464.74
472.58
567.09
366.81
402.87
477.10
453.10
396.15
428.67

9.74

9.85

9.90

9.77

9.39

380.05

384.30

368.09

9.68

203.70

211.83

215.17

423.30

401.21

425.54

40.5
44.1
38.9
40.6
40.9

40.4
43.2
39.8
42.2
41.3

10.34
12.88
12.05
12.20
11.55

41.0
42.2
40.8
41.7
38.1
40.9
39.0
40.1
40.9
41.2
39.7
41.5

41.2
42.6
40.3
41.6
38.4
43.0
39.5
40.1
41.1
40.0
41.0
42.5

41.4
42.7
41.8
41.2
38.8
44.2
39.4
40.9'
41.2
40.6
41.7
43.3

38.9

39.7

39.2

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland ...
Parkersburg-Marietta.
Wheeling

40.4
42.3
39.5
41.8
40.9

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming

38.8
42.5

Not available.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this




$464.04

$11.63

39.9

108

$464.92

$11.80

39.4

1

$11.63

40.2

Washington

p

June
1987?

June
1987P

June
1987P

Virgin Islands

May
1987

May
1987

May
1987

39.3
42.1

39.7
42.3

Average weekly earnings
June
1986

June
1986

June
1986

Puerto Rico

Average hourly earnings

9.34

11.28
12.18
12.83

9.31
9.85

5.25

5.39

5.42

9.96

9.53

10.06

publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1986
benchmarks.

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Industry

Total

Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government

July 1986
to
July 1987P

May 1987
to
June 1987r

June 1987
to
July 1987P

189,788

2.6

-0.1

0.2

155,375

155,682

2.5

-.1

1,620
9,904
40,411
24,004
16,407
10,892
11,496
27,804
12,417
41,003

1,620
9,763
40,413
23,995
16,417
10,908
11,493
27,659
12,495
41,024

1,642
9,798
40,540
24,009
16,531
10,890
11,454
27,823
12,411
41,123

-.4
2.5
1.5
.5
2.9
2.0
.2
2.6
3.7
3.9

.0
-1.4
.0
.0
.1
.1
.0
-.5
.6
.1

34,137

34,060

34,106

3.2

-.2

May
1987r

June
1987r

July
1987P

189,686

189,435

155,549

Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
p
= preliminary.
=revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,




Percent change

1.4
.4
.3
.1
.7
-.2
-.3
.6
-.7
.2

nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2134-1,
chapter 13, Productivity Measures: Business Economy and Major Sectors.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

109

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted1
(1977 = 100)
Quarterly index

Annual average
Item

1985r

1986r

1986

1985

1984
IV

IV

1987

III'

IV

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

107.5
123.9
115.2
175.9
99.1
163.6
160.3
162.4

109.5
128.0
116.9
182.8
101.0
166.9
163.8
165.8

105.9
120.8
114.0
170.3
98.1
160.8
157.9
159.8

106.5
122.2
114.7
172.4
98.5
161.9
158.7
160.8

107.2
123.3
115.0
174.6
98.6
162.8
160.4
162.0

108.2
124.7
115.2
177.0
99.4
163.6
161.8
163.0

107.9
125.3
116.1
179.3
99.7
166.1
160.2
164.0

109.5
127.3
116.3
180.7
100.1
165.0
163.1
164.3

109.7
127.5
116.3
182.2
101.3
166.2
163.9
165.4

109.6
128.1
116.9
183.6
101.4
167.5
165.7
166.9

109.6
129.0
117.8
185.2
101.6
169.0
162.4
166.7

109.7
130.2
118.7
185.8
100.7
169.4
166.0
168.2

110.0
131.1
119.2
187.3
100.3
170.2
168.8
169.7

105.8
123.6
116.8
175.2
98.7
165.6
161.3
164.1

107.5
127.5
118.6
182.0
100.6
169.3
165.2
167.8

104.8
120.7
115.2
170.2
98.0
162.4
158.5
161.0

105.2
122.0
115.9
172.2
98.4
163.6
159.5
162.2

105.7
123.1
116.4
174.1
98.3
164.7
161.5
163.6

106.4
124.3
116.9
176.2
98.9
165.7
163.4
164.9

105.9
124.9
117.9
178.3
99.2
168.3
160.8
165.7

107.7
126.9
117.9
180.0
99.7
167.2
164.7
166.4

107.7
127.1
118.0
181.3
100.8
168.4
165.2
167.3

107.5
127.6
118.7
182.6
100.9
169.8
167.0
168.8

107.5
128.5
119.6
184.4
101.2
171.5
163.9
168.8

107.6
129.7
120.6
184.9
100.2
171.8
167.4
170.3

108.0
130.8
121.1
186.2
99.7
172.5
168.7
171.1

124.2
122.5
98.7
176.9
99.6
142.4

128.8
125.9
97.8
182.7
100.9
141.8

120.0
119.6
99.7
171.1
98.5
142.5

121.5
120.7
99.4
173.3
99.0
142.7

124.0
122.1
98.5
176.1

125.2
123.2
98.3
178.0

99.9
142.1

127.6
125.2
98.1
181.0
100.3
141.9

128.3
125.1
97.5
182.1
101.2
142.0

129.4
126.1
97.5
183.1
101.2
141.5

129.9
127.2
97.9
184.3
101.2
141.9

130.8
128.4
98.1
183.9

99.5
142.0

126.0
124.1
98.4
180.2
100.2
143.0

131.9
128.9
97.7
184.7
98.9
140.1

130.1
129.9
99.8
175.4

123.8
125.2
101.1
169.1
97.3
136.5

126.3
127.2
100.7
171.4
97.9
135.7

129.6
129.2

131.5
130.7

133.1
132.2

99.8
174.4
98.5
134.6

99.4
176.6
99.2
134.3

99.4
179.4
99.8
134.8

135.3
133.7
98.8
179.9
99.7
132.9

135.9
133.1
98.0
180.8
100.5
133.1

137.5
134.1
97.5
181.6
100.3
132.0

138.4
135.4
97.8
183.1
100.5
132.3

139.6
136.6
97.8
182.2
98.7
130.5

140.6
136.7
97.2
182.8

98.8
134.9

136.8
134.1
98.0
181.4
100.2
132.6

115.1
111.6
97.0
178.9
100.8
155.5

116.8
113.7
97.4
184.8
102.1
158.3

114.2
111.4
97.6
174.1
100.2
152.5

114.0
111.0
97.4
176.1
100.5
154.4

115.4
111.5
96.6
178.6
100.8
154.7

115.6
111.9
96.8
180.0
101.0
155.6

115.3
111.9
97.1
181.2
100.8
157.2

115.8
112.5
97.2
182.7
101.2
157.8

116.9
113.3
96.9
184.3
102.4
157.7

117.3
114.2
97.3
185.8
102.7
158.4

117.1
114.9
98.1
186.5
102.4
159.3

117.8
116.1
98.6
186.9
101.2
158.7

119.0
117.2
98.5
188.1
100.7
158.1

108.2
126.1
116.5
172.8
97.4
164.4
159.7
178.3
133.9
160.7

109.9
129.4
117.7
178.9
98.9
167.7
162.8
182.2
129.3
163.1

106.4
122.7
115.3
168.1
96.8
162.8
158.0
176.8
134.2
159.4

107.0
124.0
115.9
169.9
97.0
163.6
158.9
177.5
132.0
159.8

107.7
125.4
116.4
171.8
97.0
164.3
159.5
178.7
132.2
160.5

109.2
127.4
116.6
173.8
97.6
163.7
159.1
177.5
142.5
161.2

108.9
127.7
117.3
175.7
97.7
166.0
161.4
179.4
128.7
161.5

109.8
129.1
117.6
177.2
98.2
166.3
161.5
180.7
129.7
161.9

109.7
128.8
117.4
178.4
99.1
167.2
162.6
180.6
129.5
162.7

109.9
129.3
117.6
179.5
99.2
168.5
163.2
184.2
130.6
164.0

110.5
130.4
118.0
181.0
99.3
168.7
163.8
183.2
127.7
163.8

109.7
130.9
119.3
180.8
98.0
169.7
164.8
184.1
132.2
165.2

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

99.6
140.6

Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

97.9
130.0

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

All of the productivity and cost measures incorporate revised output
and compensation measures reported by the Bureau of Economic Analysis
of the U.S. Department of Commerce; revised seasonal factors for
employment and average weekly hours; and revised data for employees of
nonagricultural establishments.

110




2

Not available.
= preliminary.
=revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).
p

0
0
0
0

o
o
0

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year In productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted annual rates1
Percent change from
Same quarter, previous year

Previous quarter

Item

1987r

1987P

1986r

II
1986r

1986r

IV
1986r

I
1987r

II
1987P

-0.1
3.0
3.1
3.6
.9
3.7
-7.7
-.5

0.5
3.5
3.0
1.4
-3.7

1.3
3.0
1.7
3.2
-1.7
1.9
7.1
3.7

2.8
4.2
1.3
4.8
1.7
1.9
2.8
2.2

2.3
3.4
1.1
4.4
2.7
2.1
2.2
2.1

1.3
2.7
1.5
3.7
2.0
2.4
2.4
2.4

1.5
2.9
1.4
3.3
1.9
1.8
1.4
1.7

0.2
2.3
2.1
2.8
.6
2.7
1.8
2.3

0.3
2.8
2.5
2.8
-1.0
2.4
3.0
2.6

-.6
1.7
2.3
2.8
.4
3.5
4.2
3.7

.0
2.9
2.9
4.0
1.3
4.0
-7.2
.0

.4
3.8
3.4
1.1

1.4
3.2
1.8
2.9
-1.9
1.5
3.2
2.1

2.3
4.0
1.7
4.5
1.4
2.2
3.2
2.6

1.9
3.3
1.4
4.1
2.5
2.2
2.3
2.3

1.1
2.6
1.6
3.6
1.9
2.5
2.2
2.4

1.5
2.9
1.4
3.4
2.0
1.9
1.9
1.9

-.1
2.2
2.3
2.7
.5
2.8
1.6
2.4

.3
2.9
2.6
2.7
-1.1
2.4
2.1
2.3

1.4
3.4
2.0
2.7
.0
1.3

3.3
1.7

3.8
.2

3.6
3.2
-.4
2.2
-.2
-1.3

5.0
3.7
-1.3
4.4
1.3
-.5

3.4
2.5
-.9
3.4
1.8
.0

3.3
2.4
-.9
2.9
1.2
-.4

3.0
2.5
-.5
2.3
.9
-.7

2.5
2.5
.0
1.6
-.7
-1.0

2.8
3.0
.2
1.4
-2.3
-1.3

7.0
4.4
-2.4
1.2
-.4
-5.4

1.5
-1.7
-3.2
1.9
3.3
.4

5.0
3.2
-1.7
1.7
-.7
-3.1

2.6

7.1
5.0
-2.0
4.9
1.8
-2.0

4.9
3.0
-1.8
3.6
2.0
-1.2

4.6
2.6
-1.9
2.8
1.1
-1.7

4.0
2.4
-1.5
2.1
.7

3.2
2.2
-.9
1.3
-.9
-1.8

3.5
2.7
-.7
1.1
-2.6
-2.3

1.7
2.3
.5
3.2
1.6
1.4

3.9
2.8
-1.0
3.6
5.0
-.2

1.5
3.1
1.6
3.4
.9
1.9

-.6
2.7
3.3
1.5
-1.1
2.1

1.2
1.6
.4
3.2
1.6
1.9

1.4
2.0
.6
3.3
1.6
1.8

1.6
2.7
1.1
2.9
1.6
1.3

1.7
3.2
1.4
2.3
.1

1.8
3.5

-1.4

1.5
1.3
-.2
3.7
.6
2.2

3.3
4.4
1.0
3.5
1.8

-.2
-.9
-.6
2.6
4.0
2.0
2.9
-.2
-.5
1.8

.9
1.6
.7
2.5

2.1
3.4

1.8
2.7
.8
3.9
2.2
1.7
2.0
1.0
-2.1
1.4

.7
1.5

0
O
O
O
0
O
O
O

2.6
4.1
1.4
4.3
1.2
1.7
1.6
1.8
-1.7
1.3

1.5
2.1
.6
3.0
1.6
1.6
1.5
2.1
-.8
1.4

.0
1.4
1.5
2.0
-.2
2.0
2.1
1.9
1.9
2.0

1986r

1986r

1986r

IV
1986r

5.8
6.4
.5
3.2
1.6
-2.5
7.5

0.6
.7
.1

-0.3
1.8
2.1
3.0
.5
3.3
4.5
3.7

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

.9

3.5
4.8
2.8
2.1
2.6

.9
9.0
3.7

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

6.6
6.4
-.2
3.9
2.3
-2.6
10.0
1.6

.1
.6
.6
2.9
4.2
2.8
1.3
2.3

-3.9
.8
8.8
3.4

Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

4.9
3.6
-1.3
1.8
.2
-3.0

2.3
-.1
-2.3
2.5

3.0
3.8
.8

-1.5

-1.0
-6.0
-3.9

-2.9
-1.4

1.8

Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

3.8

1.1
3.4
.7
.8

3.6
3.6
.0
-1.9
-6.8
-5.3

2.9
.4
-2.4
1.4
-3.4
-1.4

-1.9

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

2.1
4.1
1.9
.7

-4.4
-1.4

4.2
3.9
-.3
2.8
-2.0

.6

1.6
2.1

-1.6
.3

Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

.9
.1
3.0
3.0
1.1

.0
3.3
1.5
8.2
3.3
3.3

All of the productivity and cost measures incorporate revised output
and compensation measures reported by the Bureau of Economic
Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce; revised seasonal factors
for employment and average weekly hours; and revised data for
employees of nonagricultural establishments.




1.3
3.5
.8
.3

1.3
-2.3
-8.5
-.5

-2.9
1.5
4.6
-.5
-5.5
2.4
2.5
2.2
14.7
3.5

.8
3.3
1.6
2.9
2.6
3.8
-8.4
1.7

O
O
(*)
O
O

o
0

2

Not available.
= preliminary.
=revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).
p

Ill

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
June
1986

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

1,894.5
442.6
128.5
214.2
135.7
67.1

1,891.5
446.4
128.4
211.7
137.0
70.0

1,889.9
449.2
129.4
212.4
137.7
68.7

192.2
37.6
10.0
23.8
10.8
5.8

150.5
29.9
6.9
19.4
9.5
4.6

265.7

259.3

260.4

29.0

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

1,593.3
989.9
308.8

1,603.2
995.6
307.5

1,602.2
996.1
307.9

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,084.9
54.1
88.8
254.6
38.7

1,078.9
56.3
87.9
254.0
36.4

13,453.5
1,260.7
223.8
297.8
4,122.0
146.2
1,016.7
323.8
860.6
645.4
153.7
1,018.7
869.3
804.6
177.9
180.5
186.4
182.2

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

May
1987

June
1987P

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

145.8
29.6
6.7
19.5
9.2
4.3

10.1
8.5
7.8
11.1
7.9
8.6

8.0
6.7
5.3
9.2
6.9
6.6

7.7
6.6
5.1
9.2
6.7
6.3

28.6

29.2

10.9

11.0

11.2

119.9
56.5
18.0

107.2
55.3
15.7

111.8
56.1
16.3

7.5
5.7
5.8

6.7
5.6
5.1

7.0
5.6
5.3

1,080.9
55.9
88.7
251.9
36.9

93.6
2.6
6.6
17.5
3.1

83.6
2.3
5.1
17.8
3.1

87.7
2.3
5.4
19.0
3.3

8.6
4.7
7.4
6.9
8.0

7.8
4.0
5.8
7.0
8.6

8.1
4.0
6.1
7.6
8.9

13,806.9
1,316.6
225.4
300.9
4,193.0
149.9
1,051.9
338.9
908.7
674.3
156.2
1,063.5
885.7
806.9
181.2
186.6
192.7
188.5

13,830.1
1,311.3
226.4
301.9
4,205.0
149.2
1,053.8
337.7
914.2
676.4
156.0
1,065.0
886.6
802.0
182.1
188.4
190.5
189.5

871.7
49.7
26.0
33.5
276.0
20.5
58.6
20.2
54.0
38.0
13.1
50.7
40.3
45.7
8.4
10.0
21.1
11.2

767.1
40.2
20.3
29.3
264.0
19.3
49.9
15.3
47.0
34.9
10.0
45.3
32.4
35.5
7.1
8.4
17.9
9.9

750.6
42.3
21.7
27.4
238.0
18.8
51.4
17.3
48.9
35.4
10.0
46.5
34.0
36.8
7.8
8.7
17.9
10.1

6.5
3.9
11.6
11.3
6.7
14.0
5.8
6.3
6.3
5.9
8.5
5.0
4.6
5.7
4.7
5.5
11.3
6.2

5.6
3.1
9.0
9.7
6.3
12.9
4.7
4.5
5.2
5.2
6.4
4.3
3.7
4.4
3.9
4.5
9.3
5.3

5.4
3.2
9.6
9.1
5.7
12.6
4.9
5.1
5.4
5.2
6.4
4.4
3.8
4.6
4.3
4.6
9.4
5.3

1,719.4
130.2
912.9

1,698.1
129.8
907.7

1,695.4
129.8
900.7

125.8
7.8
59.7

142.2
7.8
68.9

135.6
8.0
67.0

7.3
6.0
6.5

8.4
6.0
7.6

8.0
6.2
7.4

1,755.2
230.1
421.4
75.0
274.3
118.4
104.1

1,745.7
229.1
422.5
73.5
271.6
117.8
101.7

1,778.5
232.6
430.2
74.5
277.3
118.5
104.0

64.3
10.4
13.6
2.8
9.8
3.3
5.1

54.1
8.6
11.7
2.4
8.3
2.7
4.3

57.7
9.0
12.9
2.7
8.9
2.8
4.5

3.7
4.5
3.2
3.8
3.6
2.8
4.9

3.1
3.8
2.8
3.3
3.1
2.3
4.2

3.2
3.9
3.0
3.6
3.2
2.4
4.3

334.0
286.0

340.4
288.9

342.4
287.3

14.3
14.4

9.5
9.2

10.7
10.9

4.3
5.0

2.8
3.2

3.1
3.8

District of Columbia
Washington

325.1
2,054.9

336.8
2,117.8

342.8
2,142.9

24.5
75.3

21.0
68.8

21.7
73.1

7.5
3.7

6.2
3.2

6.3
3.4

Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melboume-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

5,668.0
141.8
590.0
122.3
99.4
428.1
169.1
173.2
909.1
532.5
149.8
110.0
118.8
930.0
368.1

5,878.7
146.9
607.6
136.8
105.6
441.8
180.7
172.1
911.8
566.2
149.6
114.3
124.8
959.5
394.3

5,882.9
146.9
607.7
135.1
103.7
446.8
176.0
174.8
910.5
574.3
150.9
114.3
126.6
957.3
395.3

342.8
7.3
26.6
5.6
3.2
24.8
20.2
10.6
63.9
26.8
10.1
4.7
4.8
50.2
24.1

297.3
6.3
25.1
4.6
4.0
21.6
13.9
9.0
53.4
24.9
8.8
3.8
4.7
44.9
20.3

312.6
6.1
24.8
5.0
3.5
24.9
16.2
9.2
51.9
26.0
8.6
4.2
5.3
47.6
22.2

6.0
5.2
4.5
4.5
3.2
5.8
11.9
6.1
7.0
5.0
6.8
4.2
4.0
5.4
6.5

5.1
4.3
4.1
3.4
3.8
4.9
7.7
5.2
5.9
4.4
5.9
3.4
3.8
4.7
5.1

5.3
4.2
4.1
3.7
3.4
5.6
9.2
5.2
5.7
4.5
5.7
3.6
4.2
5.0
5.6

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery

Tuscaloosa
Alaska

California1
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

112




STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

158.4
5.1
2.8
64.8
9.8
5.8
7.1
6.2

6.0
12.1
4.8
4.7
5.9
7.7
6.3
6.7

4.9
9.3
3.5
4.1
5.7
6.0
4.6
5.3

5.1
9.1
3.8
4.4
5.6
5.8
5.4
5.6

20.5
13.5

22.1
14.8

5.5
4.8

4.1
3.6

4.3
3.9

40.8
5.9

36.4
5.8

34.2
5.6

8.5
5.8

7.8
5.6

7.0
5.4

5,817.6
178.5
63.3
84.8
3,207.1
182.7
58.7
192.7
46.0
266.2
154.2
151.0
105.9

488.5
12.2
3.5
4.2
249.5
17.1
6.6
14.6
4.9
13.9
14.1
13.1
6.0

466.0
10.5
3.5
4.3
234.5
13.2
6.2
15.5
4.5
12.5
13.9
17.3
5.9

451.6
10.2
3.0
4.1
229.7
13.2
5.7
15.6
4.5
12.4
13.2
16.5
5.7

8.4
7.0
5.6
5.0
7.8
9.2
10.9
7.5
10.6
5.3
9.0
8.8
5.6

8.2
6.1
5.4
4.9
7.5
7.3
10.8
8.2
10.1
4.9
9.1
11.7
5.7

7.8
5.7
4.8
4.8
7.2
7.2
9.7
8.1
9.7
4.7
8.6
11.0
5.4

2,758.4
59.4
58.9
94.3
142.7
191.9
251.6
657.6
49.1
62.9
60.0
126.6
57.9

2,767.1
59.1
56.9
93.7
143.5
194.0
253.2
663.5
49.8
62.4
57.3
126.2
57.6

173.2
3.7
2.0
4.0
9.7
9.7
27.2
32.5
4.3
2.2
3.8
6.8
4.0

168.1
3.8
2.6
5.4
10.5
9.6
23.1
31.8
4.0
2.2
3.9
6.4
3.6

172.3
3.7
2.1
4.3
10.2
10.0
23.5
33.4
5.0
2.3
3.5
7.2
3.8

6.3
6.0
3.8
4.4
6.7
5.1
10.6
5.0
8.8
3.6
6.6
5.5
6.7

6.1
6.4
4.4
5.7
7.3
5.0
9.2
4.8
8.1
3.5
6.5
5.1
6.2

6.2
6.3
3.8
4.6
7.1
5.2
9.3
5.0
10.1
3.7
6.1
5.7
6.6

1,471.3
89.5
216.8
43.0
53.9
59.4
68.7

1,468.5
89.8
220.4
44.0
58.4
61.6
69.2

1,475.4
88.9
223.2
44.0
54.1
60.9
67.7

94.1
5.2
11.5
3.0
1.4
4.6
8.0

60.0
3.7
7.6
1.8
.8
3.0
4.5

66.1
4.1
8.4
2.0
.9
5.2
4.6

6.4
5.8
5.3
6.9
2.6
7.8
11.7

4.1
4.1
3.5
4.1
1.4
4.8
6.5

4.5
4.6
3.8
4.7
1.7
8.5
6.7

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita LMA

1,249.0
36.0
87.3
225.5

1,264.6
39.4
88.8
233.8

1,277.7
37.3
89.9
235.3

67.2
1.7
4.1
13.9

55.1
1.2
3.4
10.6

59.3
1.5
3.8
11.1

5.4
4.7
4.7
6.2

4.4
3.1
3.8
4.5

4.6
4.0
4.2
4.7

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,696.5
179.6
494.3
45.1

1,686.5
180.0
492.3
43.8

1,703.1
179.2
498.0
43.7

153.3
9.2
34.8
4.7

151.9
9.9
35.9
5.0

155.3
9.3
37.1
5.1

9.0
5.1
7.0
10.4

9.0
5.5
7.3
11.4

9.1
5.2
7.5
11.8

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

2,006.9
61.3
264.5
78.0
109.2
76.6
70.9
612.9
171.0

1,935.4
61.1
261.1
73.3
100.3
75.0
67.4
590.7
164.3

1,950.0
61.9
263.5
72.3
101.3
77.4
69.8
595.9
164.3

280.0
7.0
30.6
14.4
16.8
11.7
7.4
69.7
20.6

219.4
5.7
24.1
11.5
12.4
9.3
6.5
56.5
16.8

219.2
5.6
25.4
10.6
12.0
9.8
6.6
56.1
16.6

14.0
11.3
11.6
18.5
15.4
15.3
10.4
11.4
12.1

11.3
9.4
9.2
15.7
12.4
12.4
9.6
9.6
10.2

11.2
9.1
9.7
14.6
11.8
12.7
9.4
9.4
10.1

570.1
40.2
118.5

566.3
40.4
118.2

589.6
41.2
120.9

27.7
2.4
2.8

22.6
1.9
2.6

23.7
2.2
2.6

4.9
5.9
2.4

4.0
4.8
2.2

4.0
5.4
2.2

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

3,024.5
56.8
71.7
1,404.3
172.7
99.5
127.2
108.7

3,088.5
56.6
74.5
1,473.2
175.9
99.5
129.0
110.4

3,101.7
56.1
74.3
1,477.0
177.0
100.1
130.9
111.0

182.5
6.9
3.5
66.2
10.1
7.7
8.0
7.2

150.9
5.2
2.6
60.4
10.1
5.9
6.0
5.8

Hawaii
Honolulu

492.8
368.7

505.3
378.9

508.9
382.3

26.9
17.9

Idaho
Boise City

481.2
101.8

468.8
103.4

488.2
103.8

Illinois1
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ...
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

5,805.5
174.1
62.8
84.4
3,178.3
186.0
60.9
193.3
45.9
261.4
156.4
148.5
107.0

5,686.7
172.5
63.7
87.1
3,117.5
180.5
57.9
188.2
44.3
254.8
152.4
147.5
103.4

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,745.2
61.2
53.2
91.1
144.8
190.1
257.6
650.6
49.3
61.9
57.9
124.3
59.1

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987*

See footnotes at end of table.




113

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
June
1986

May
1987

June
1987*

Maryland
Baltimore

2,392.7
1,169.7

2,426.0
1,171.0

2,437.6
1,173.5

104.8
59.2

94.3
50.7

Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,053.6
1,509.9
94.7
75.1
45.9
183.8
147.6
84.3
40.0
245.4
206.1

3,052.8
1,517.0
95.6
76.0
45.1
181.9
146.6
82.5
40.9
249.4
209.6

3,136.8
1,545.0
97.8
77.3
45.6
186.7
149.8
86.2
42.8
256.1
214.4

113.1
49.2
4.2
4.4
2.1
8.7
6.0
4.5
1.5
10.0
7.2

Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,428.5
147.0
61.9
76.6
2,145.2
201.5
332.9
62.1
109.9
227.8
68.6
184.4

4,518.2
154.7
62.6
77.1
2,213.5
202.1
338.3
62.3
112.4
237.8
68.1
186.2

4,574.7
156.4
63.5
77.3
2,242.5
205.5
341.7
63.0
113.2
236.9
69.0
188.7

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-StPaul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,250.7
102.9
1,318.9
56.4
87.4

2,258.7
101.8
1,333.5
57.5
92.9

Mississippi
Jackson

1,177.7
197.3

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

June
1986

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987*

101.5
53.2

4.4
5.1

3.9
4.3

4.2
4.5

102.9
44.1
3.7
4.2
2.2
8.6
5.3
4.5
1.5
8.2
6.4

97.0
41.9
3.5
3.6
1.9
8.3
5.1
4.0
1.5
8.3
6.1

3.7
3.3
4.4
5.9
4.6
4.7
4.0
5.4
3.8
4.1
3.5

3.4
2.9
3.9
5.6
4.8
4.7
3.6
5.4
3.6
3.3
3.1

3.1
2.7
3.6
4.6
4.2
4.4
3.4
4.6
3.6
3.3
2.9

416.0
8.3
6.2
7.9
187.8
20.6
27.9
6.4
7.9
17.8
8.2
20.3

368.5
6.8
4.8
5.9
178.8
25.3
20.7
4.9
5.7
15.8
7.0
17.2

408.3
7.9
5.4
6.5
199.1
26.6
24.0
5.7
6.8
16.9
7.7
18.8

9.4
5.7
9.9
10.3
8.8
10.2
8.4
10.3
7.2
7.8
12.0
11.0

8.2
4.4
7.6
7.6
8.1
12.5
6.1
7.9
5.1
6.6
10.3
9.3

8.9
5.1
8.5
8.4
8.9
13.0
7.0
9.0
6.0
7.1
11.2
9.9

2,284.1
105.4
1,347.2
58.4
90.9

110.2
7.9
53.8
2.1
4.5

100.5
8.6
48.6
1.9
4.7

110.4
9.3
55.2
2.0
4.8

4.9
7.7
4.1
3.7
5.1

4.4
8.4
3.6
3.3
5.1

4.8
8.8
4.1
3.5
5.3

1,157.9
197.7

1,157.6
199.0

149.8
16.9

103.0
12.7

112.9
13.6

12.7
8.5

8.9
6.4

9.8
6.8

2,553.9
803.5
41.8
1,248.3
113.9

2,599.7
818.8
41.0
1,257.5
120.2

2,601.7
822.9
41.4
1,263.2
118.8

147.9
37.2
3.0
86.8
5.0

152.2
43.7
2.8
89.1
5.1

156.8
47.2
2.9
88.8
5.6

5.8
4.6
7.1
7.0
4.4

5.9
5.3
6.8
7.1
4.2

6.0
5.7
7.0
7.0
4.7

Montana

425.9

405.5

407.5

32.5

23.8

24.6

7.6

5.9

6.0

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

824.9
117.3
318.5

822.5
119.2
317.1

824.3
117.0
318.0

37.7
3.5
16.6

36.0
3.6
14.9

38.7
3.6
16.5

4.6
3.0
5.2

4.4
3.0
4.7

4.7
3.1
5.2

Nevada

542.7
309.2
137.8

565.9
329.8
139.9

566.3
328.0
140.0

29.3
18.2
6.0

32.2
19.3
7.2

32.6
20.1
6.9

5.4
5.9
4.4

5.7
5.8
5.1

5.7
6.1
4.9

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester....

571.1
92.3
127.7

583.4
95.2
129.6

601.2
97.1
134.5

14.8
2.7
2.9

13.8
2.3
2.6

14.8
2.7
2.9

2.6
2.9
2.2

2.4
2.4
2.0

2.5
2.8
2.2

New Jersey1
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

3,980.9
184.9
718.6
270.6
542.7
473.1
980.7
170.8
58.1

4.029.3
181.7
723.0
274.6
552.4
474.3
988.0
175.9
58.9

4,028.8
192.4
719.6
273.0
550.9
482.9
981.3
173.7
58.8

200.8
11.3
34.5
22.5
21.1
18.5
53.4
7.4
5.2

167.2
9.6
26.8
18.8
17.0
15.5
43.4
6.0
4.3

166.8
9.4
26.3
18.2
17.0
16.3
43.2
6.0
4.3

5.0
6.1
4.8
8.3
3.9
3.9
5.4
4.4
9.0

4.2
5.3
3.7
6.9
3.1
3.3
4.4
3.4
7.3

4.1
4.9
3.7
6.7
3.1
3.4
4.4
3.5
7.3

678.8
255.1
55.2
65.2

678.4
258.2
57.1
65.7

681.2
257.7
56.3
67.0

65.0
17.2
4.4
3.4

57.7
15.2
4.1
3.7

60.4
16.9
4.3
3.8

9.6
6.8
8.0
5.3

8.5
5.9
7.1
5.6

8.9
6.6
7.6
5.7

Us Vegas
Reno

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
See footnotes at end of table.

114




May
1987

June
1987P

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

8,492.2
422.0
128.3
447.8
40.4
54.9
1,453.5
3,850.7
3,164.0
129.2
129.2
502.3
322.1
137.9

8,318.0
409.6
124.3
435.7
40.2
51.5
1,405.5
3,823.0
3,161.0
126.1
124.9
486.1
312.6
132.7

8,554.1
425.4
128.2
450.2
42.2
56.2
1,467.8
3,882.3
3,190.0
131.7
129.4
502.0
321.9
137.1

508.0
19.8
7.4
29.7
2.4
3.2
63.1
255.6
230.0
6.0
4.8
27.8
22.8
8.1

381.0
15.2
5.0
22.9
1.6
2.2
44.4
189.9
170.0
4.6
3.5
20.9
18.9
6.8

North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

3,219.6
87.8
595.8
501.2
378.6

3,250.4
86.3
615.4
509.3
390.8

3,316.2
89.1
626.7
515.7
397.3

177.2
4.6
29.1
25.2
13.6

342.3
45.6
81.4
34.9

340.0
45.2
85.1
36.3

341.2
45.7
84.7
35.4

5,266.6
318.0
191.0
730.2
944.5
676.8
459.9
307.9
225.5

5,263.7
320.9
189.2
740.9
930.8
691.1
466.0
314.0
225.5

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,629.7
32.0
50.2
528.8
365.8

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio1
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield

Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

392.0
14.6
4.7
20.8
1.5
2.3
45.0
210.8
191.0
4.6
3.4
20.4
17.5
6.0

6.0
4.7
5.8
6.6
6.1
5.9
4.3
6.6
7.3
4.6
3.7
5.5
7.1
5.9

4.6
3.7
4.0
5.3
4.1
4.3
3.2
5.0
5.4
3.6
2.8
4.3
6.1
5.1

4.6
3.4
3.7
4.6
3.5
4.1
3.1
5.4
6.0
3.5
2.6
4.1
5.4
4.4

135.9
3.6
22.6
18.4
11.3

161.5
4.1
26.0
21.9
14.1

5.5
5.3
4.9
5.0
3.6

4.2
4.1
3.7
3.6
2.9

4.9
4.6
4.2
4.2
3.6

20.8
3.0
3.2
1.4

13.6
1.7
2.3
1.0

14.4
1.9
2.6
1.1

6.1
6.7
3.9
3.9

4.0
3.8
2.8
2.9

4.2
4.2
3.0
3.2

5,293.4
317.6
189.9
748.6
938.2
695.6
468.0
313.1
226.8

458.0
26.3
20.4
50.8
78.9
44.1
32.5
30.3
24.9

371.5
23.4
16.7
41.6
58.0
39.0
26.7
22.8
21.6

384.4
23.1
16.2
50.4
59.4
39.6
28.6
24.3
21.8

8.7
8.3
10.7
7.0
8.4
6.5
7.1
9.8
11.0

7.1
7.3
8.8
5.6
6.2
5.6
5.7
7.3
9.6

7.3
7.3
8.5
6.7
6.3
5.7
6.1
7.8
9.6

1,574.5
29.7
48.3
505.5
357.0

1,581.6
30.2
48.4
508.3
363.0

138.1
2.7
2.5
35.4
32.0

117.5
2.1
2.3
30.6
28.9

119.8
2.2
2.6
31.6
29.8

8.5
8.5
5.0
6.7
8.8

7.5
7.2
4.8
6.0
8.1

7.6
7.2
5.3
6.2
8.2

1,374.3
135.4
617.4
127.7

1,350.2
134.3
616.8
122.6

1,379.3
136.1
624.4
129.5

109.1
11.5
43.5
10.5

74.1
6.7
29.1
7.4

75.8
7.1
31.3
7.1

7.9
8.5
7.0
8.2

5.5
5.0
4.7
6.0

5.5
5.2
5.0
5.5

5,707.4
324.9
60.6
66.6
130.3
306.7
97.3
209.2
2,387.8
964.8
171.8
349.9
50.1
55.9
56.4
209.3

5,589.4
311.9
57.7
61.5
126.8
307.3
93.5
211.2
2,390.4
942.4
168.7
336.2
49.9
58.4
56.2
206.5

5,713.3
318.5
59.8
63.7
130.0
312.2
95.9
214.6
2,422.0
966.8
171.8
343.0
50.8
57.3
58.0
208.6

418.8
25.9
6.1
8.7
12.3
16.0
10.9
7.5
137.0
79.5
12.6
30.2
4.0
3.7
4.1
12.4

300.4
13.8
4.1
5.8
9.7
9.5
7.3
5.0
107.6
61.8
8.3
21.2
3.2
2.8
2.8
8.7

354.2
15.8
4.6
7.5
10.8
11.3
8.7
6.4
124.5
74.2
9.3
22.8
3.7
3.6
3.1
9.7

7.3
8.0
10.0
13.0
9.4
5.2
11.2
3.6
5.7
8.2
7.3
8.6
8.1
6.6
7.3
5.9

5.4
4.4
7.1
9.4
7.6
3.1
7.8
2.4
4.5
6.6
4.9
6.3
6.4
4.8
5.0
4.2

6.2
5.0
7.7
11.7
8.3
3.6
9.1
3.0
5.1
7.7
5.4
6.6
7.3
6.2
5.3
4.6

514.4
166.8
331.9

518.8
167.3
337.3

518.4
167.4
335.9

20.2
7.7
13.0

19.9
7.5
12.5

20.0
7.3
12.7

3.9
4.6
3.9

3.8
4.5
3.7

3.9
4.3
3.8

1,618.6
219.0
222.5
320.1

1,631.0
223.8
225.6
325.4

1,663.5
232.3
232.3
335.1

103.8
10.8
8.9
17.6

96.6
10.5
9.3
16.4

97.6
11.4
10.0
16.0

6.4
4.9
4.0
5.5

5.9
4.7
4.1
5.0

5.9
4.9
4.3
4.8

362.0
39.0
69.9

357.5
39.0
70.7

367.6
39.7
71.2

14.9
1.5
2.4

12.4
1.4
2.3

14.4
1.5
2.2

4.1
3.8
3.4

3.5
3.6
3.2

3.9
3.7
3.1

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

See footnotes at end of table.




115

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987P

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis LMA
Nashville

2,306.3
204.8
208.5
278.4
434.5
503.3

2,326.4
202.4
212.6
276.1
439.0
508.2

2,335.1
200.7
213.0
280.0
441.6
510.4

184.4
16.3
15.8
21.5
28.9
25.5

147.7
11.3
14.8
16.5
24.9
20.7

Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison

8,259.5
55.3
99.0
415.9
168.1
83.0
96.7
56.7
169.6
1,417.0
227.7
654.4
110.8
1,641.2
89.6
44.8
82.4
110.3
145.8
53.2
62.1
45.7
582.4
48.4
57.8
76.2
39.0
90.3
57.6

8,458.5
57.1
102.6
447.1
165.9
83.5
98.3
59.6
171.6
1,457.3
236.3
688.7
110.6
1,636.3
94.3
46.4
81.2
114.0
148.6
52.2
58.5
47.1
616.0
50.8
57.4
78.3
39.3
95.4
59.3

8,483.0
56.7

912.9
6.4
7.9

728.0
5.0
6.5

28.4
30.8
11.6

29.3
22.0
8.0
14.0
3.5
20.7
92.7
25.8
47.5
12.1
155.4
7.4
7.2

78.6
39.4
95.2
59.5

8.2
5.4
8.7

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen

762.2
96.1
503.8

759.8
95.9
504.5

763.5
96.9
506.2

44.5
5.4
26.7

49.9

Vermont
Burlington

293.6
72.3

288.8
74.4

293.7
74.4

13.5
2.4

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News...
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,927.3
66.0
51.0
69.9
580.0
413.4
118.0

2,969.9
65.6
50.0
70.9
592.7
424.1
120.8

3,017.4
66.5
50.7
71.3
607.4
427.0
123.4

Washington
Seattle

2,227.8
959.2

2,207.5
975.3

745.5
117.5
126.4
72.1
72.0

Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

Waco
Wichita Falls

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
,
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan

Wausau...
Wyoming
1




102.8
439.8
166.6
84.2
99.1
57.5
171.3
1,457.7
238.3

June
1986

18.3
5.0
26.0
98.2

May
1987

June
1986

May
1987

June
1987?

158.4
12.3
15.6
18.2
26.5
22.8

8.0
8.0
7.6
7.7
6.7
5.1

6.3
5.6
6.9
6.0
5.7
4.1

6.8
6.1
7.3
6.5
6.0
4.5

815.8
5.4
7.4
32.9
24.3
9.4
15.4
4.0
23.5
106.3

11.1
11.5
8.0
6.8
18.3
14.0
18.9
8.9
15.3
6.9
14.1

8.6
8.7
6.4
6.6
13.3
9.6
14.3
5.9

9.6
9.6
7.2
7.5

June
1987?

29.1
56.4

12.1
6.4

14.6
11.1
15.5

6.9
13.7
7.3
12.2

9.2
11.1
10.7
13.9
9.6
10.3

10.9
6.9
10.9
9.5
7.9
15.6
10.9
6.4
16.2
9.7
12.1
6.6
8.0
8.1
8.2
9.1
9.3
7.9
8.1

29.6

49.7
7.0
30.1

5.8
5.6
5.3

6.6
7.4
5.9

6.5
7.2
6.0

10.0
2.0

9.8
1.8

4.6
3.3

3.5
2.6

3.3
2.4

150.9
2.9
4.9
4.9
29.4
19.4
6.0

138.5
2.2
3.4
4.0
29.3
17.9
5.0

138.9
2.3
3.4
4.0
30.4
17.8
4.8

5.2
4.4
9.6
7.1
5.1
4.7
5.0

4.7
3.3
6.8
5.6
4.9
4.2
4.1

4.6
3.4
6.8
5.6
5.0
4.2
3.9

2,246.6
981.8

176.4
62.6

171.2
60.7

163.7
60.0

7.9
6.5

7.8
6.2

7.3
6.1

742.2
117.4
125.8
72.5
70.8

745.1
118.5
126.5
73.2

83.2
11.1
14.2
7.8
8.3

67.3
9.0
12.5
5.8
6.2

67.4
9.3
12.7
5.8
6.2

11.2
9.5
11.2
10.8
11.6

9.1
7.6
9.9
8.0
8.7

9.1
7.8
10.1
7.9
8.7

2,441.4
161.3
68.4
102.0
70.6
52.0
49.4
204.0
720.1
85.4
52.7
58.3

2,480.2
164.4
72.8
103.6
70.7
53.8
52.6
213.6
731.0
85.2
53.9
60.3

2,531.0

214.2
745.4
86.9
56.7
60.6

160.8
10.9
4.1
5.9
5.4
5.9
2.7
8.6
45.2
6.8
3.3
3.9

134.5
9.0
3.7
5.6
5.1
3.4
2.4
7.3
35.7
5.3
2.6
3.6

139.9
8.7
3.9
5.9
5.1
3.9
2.5
7.4
39.6
5.7
3.5
2.8

6.6
6.8
6.0
5.8
7.6
11.4
5.5
4.2
6.3
8.0
6.3
6.8

5.4
5.5
5.1
5.4
7.2
6.4
4.6
3.4
4.9
6.2
4.9
5.9

5.5
5.2
5.3
5.5
7.2
7.2
4.8
3.4
5.3
6.6
6.1
4.6

258.9

243.9

253.4

21.5

19.0

18.6

8.3

7.8

7.3

Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1986 have been

116

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

695.0
112.4
1,645.9
95.2
46.7
81.7

112.7
148.4
52.7

59.0
47.3
619.8
50.3
58.6

72.1
167.1
73.2
105.7
71.7
54.5
52.5

32.1
53.2
15.2
212.4
8.3
8.6
13.3

9.4
29.9
7.6
12.4

4.1
50.7
4.4
6.4

5.9

benchmarked to
11 States and
provisional and
available. Area
publication.

8.8
7.3
24.0

5.1
7.1
3.1
49.3
4.1
4.7
7.1
3.7
7.6
4.8

7.1

14.1
172.1
8.3
7.8
10.0
8.3
25.8
5.6
7.4
3.2

56.1
4.3
5.5
7.7
4.2
8.5
5.2

8.1
13.7
12.9

9.3
19.2
16.2
8.5
20.5
14.3
20.0
9.0
8.7

8.1
12.6
10.5
8.7

16.7
12.3
7.3
17.4
10.6

12.5
6.8
9.0
8.6

9.4
9.8
10.5
9.0
8.7

1986 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the
2 areas designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1987 are
will be revised when new benchmark information becomes
definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports
from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from a
sample survey of the population 16 years of age and over.
The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the
Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the employed, and the
unemployed, including such characteristics as age, sex, race,
family relationship, marital status, occupation, and industry attachment. The survey also provides data on the characteristics and past work experience of those not in the labor
force. The information is collected by trained interviewers
from a sample of about 59,500 households, representing 729
areas in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia. The data collected are based on the activity or status reported for the
calendar week including the 12th of the month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on
nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The
employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based
on payroll reports from a sample of 290,000 establishments
employing over 38 million nonagricultural wage and salary
workers. The data relate to all workers, full or part time,
who received pay during the payroll period which includes
the 12th day of the month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data supplement one
another, each providing significant types of information that
the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics,
for example, are readily obtained only from the household
survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of differences in definitions and coverage, sources
of information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which




have a differential effect on the levels and trends of the two
series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics and
other private household workers), self-employed persons,
unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more during the
survey week in family-operated enterprises, and members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. Civilian
employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and
salary employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons
holding more than one job are counted only once and are
classified according to the job at which they worked the
greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the
figures based on establishment reports, persons who worked
in more than one establishment during the reporting period
are counted each time their names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were not
at work during the survey week—that is, were not working
but had jobs from which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management
disputes, or because they were taking time off for various
other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers
for the time off. In thefiguresbased on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the company are included, but not
those on leave without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences between
household and establishment survey employment data, see
Gloria P. Green's article, "Comparing Employment Estimates From Household and Payroll Surveys," Monthly
Labor Review, December 1969.
Hours of work
The household survey measures hours actually worked
whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for by
117

employers. In the household survey data, all persons with
a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average hours. In the payroll
survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during
the reporting period.
Earnings
The household survey measures median earnings of wage
and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both
the private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's sole or primary job. Data
from the establishment survey generally refer to average
earnings of production and related workers in mining and
manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and
nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries. For a comprehensive discussion of the household
survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the
Quarterly Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113.

COMPARABILITY OF HOUSEHOLD DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from
the household survey includes all persons who did not have
a job at all during the survey week and were looking for work
or were waiting to be called back to a job from which they
had been laid off, whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance
claims, prepared by the Employment and Training Administration of the Department of Labor, exclude persons who
have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have
not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons
losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems
(some workers in agriculture, domestic services, and religious organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family
workers). Beginning in January 1978, coverage was extended
to include domestic workers whose employers paid $1,000
or more in wages in any calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or more workers in
20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any
calendar quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment
compensation differ from the definition of unemployment
used in the household survey. For example, persons with
a job but not at work and persons working only a few hours
during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment
compensation but are classified as employed rather than

118




unemployed in the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences between State insured unemployment and total unemployment,
see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemployment"
by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the Monthly
Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of
Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the
inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual jobholders, who
are counted more than once if they work on more than one
farm during the reporting period. There are also wide differences in sampling techniques and collecting and estimating
methods which cannot be readily measured in terms of their
impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two
series.

COMPARABILITY OF PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the Census, BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from
employment counts derived by the Bureau of Census from
its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons for noncomparability are different treatment of business units considered parts
of an establishment, such as central administrative offices
and auxiliary units, the industrial classification of establishments, and different reporting patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences in the scope of the industries
covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional
services, public utilities, and financial establishments,
whereas these are included in the BLS statistics.
County Business Patterns. Data in County Business Patterns
(CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS establishment statistics
in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP
excludes interstate railroads and government, and coverage
is incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance programs. Most nonagricultural wage and salary workers are
covered by the unemployment insurance programs.
However, certain activities, such as interstate railroads,
parochial schools, and churches, are not covered by unemployment insurance whereas these are included in the BLS
establishment statistics.

Household Data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population, the
personal, occupational, and other characteristics of the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the labor force,
and related data are compiled for the BLS by the Bureau of
the Census in its Current Population Survey (CPS). A detailed
description of this survey appears in Concepts and Methods
Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the Current
Population Survey, BLS Report 463. Historical national data
are published in Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current Population Survey: A Databook, BLS Bulletin 2096.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted
through a scientifically selected sample designed to represent
the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents are interviewed to obtain information about the employment status of each member of the household 16 years of age and
over. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which includes the 12th
of the month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field
interviewing is conducted in the following week.
Inmates of institutions and persons under 14 years of age
are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations, and
are excluded from the population and labor force statistics
shown in this publication. Data on the members of the Armed
Forces stationed in the United States, who are included as
part of the categories "noninstitutional population," "labor
force," and "total employment." are obtained from the
Department of Defense.
Each month about 59,500 occupied units are eligible for
interview. About 2,500 of these households are visited but
interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not
at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey of
between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the 59,500 occupied
units, there are 11,000 sample units in an average month
which are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not
enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month. The
rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample to be
common from one month to the next, and one-half to be common with the same month a year earlier.

CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data
have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the
inception of the survey in 1940; those used since 1967 are
as follows:
Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in their
own business, profession, or on their own farm, or who
worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise
operated by a member of the family; and (b) all those who




were not working but who had jobs or businesses from which
they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor- management disputes, or personal reasons,
whether they were paid for the time off or were seeking other
jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States are also included in the employed total.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those who
held more than one job are counted in the job at which they
worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries who are temporarily in the United States but not living
on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons whose
only activity consisted of work around the house (painting,
repairing, or own home housework) or volunteer work for
religious, charitable, and similar organizations.
Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no employment during the survey week, were available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to
find employment sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which
they had been laid off or were waiting to report to a new
job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of time
(through the current survey week) during which persons classified as unemployed had been continuously looking for
work. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment
represents the number of full weeks since the termination
of their most recent employment. A period of 2 weeks or
more during which a person was employed or ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the
present period of seeking work. Measurements of mean and
median duration are computed from a distribution of single
weeks of unemployment.
Unemployment is also categorized according to the status
of individuals at the time they began to look for work. The
reasons for unemployment are divided into four major
groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking for work,
and persons on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit
or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and
immediately began looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks
or longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning
to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who never
worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer. Each
of these four categories of the unemployed may be expressed
as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian
labor force; the sum of the four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian workers.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made

119

specific efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week
period preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include
those persons unemployed because they (a) were waiting to
be called back to a job from which they had been laid off
or (b) were waiting to report to a new job within 30 days.
Jobseekers are grouped by the methods used to seek work,
including going to a public or private employment agency
or to an employer directly, seeking assistance from friends
or relatives, placing or answering ads, or utilizing some other
method. Examples of the "other" category include being
on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from
a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor
pickup point.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians classified
as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria
described above. The labor force also includes members of
the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
The overall unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
The unemployment rate for all civilian workers represents
the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor
force. This measure can also be computed for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, etc.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the population that is in the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident
Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian
labor force participation rate is the ratio of the civilian labor
force to the civilian noninstitutional population. Civilian labor
force participation rates are usually published for sexage groups, often cross-classified by other demographic
characteristics such as race and educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of
the noninstitutional population that is employed. The total
employment-population ratio is total employment, including
the resident Armed Forces, as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The civilian employment-population ratio is the percentage of all employed civilians in the civilian
noninstitutional population.
Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are
further classified as engaged in own home housework, in
school, unable to work because of long-term physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The "other" group includes
individuals reported as too old or temporarily unable to work,
the voluntarily idle, seasonal workers for whom the survey
week fell in an off season and who were not reported as looking for work, and persons who did not look for work because they believed that no jobs were available in the area
or that no jobs were available for which they could qualify—
discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid
family work (less than 15 hours in the specified week) are
also classified as not in labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous work
experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a job at the
120



time of interview, and reasons for not looking for work are
published on a quarterly basis. As of January 1970, the
detailed questions for persons not in the labor force are asked
only in those households that are in the fourth and eighth
months of the sample, i.e., the "outgoing" groups, those
which had been in the sample for 3 previous months and
would not be in for the subsequent month. Between 1967
and 1969, these questions were asked in those households
entering the sample for the first time and those returning for
the second 4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming"
groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed
apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two
or more jobs are classified in the job at which they worked
the greatest number of hours during the survey week. The
unemployed are classified according to their last full-time
job lasting 2 weeks or more. The classifications of occupations and industries used in data derived from the CPS are
defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed
categories included in these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and salary
workers subdivided into private and government workers;
self-employed workers; and unpaid family workers. Wage
and salary workers receive wages, salary, commission, tips,
or pay in kind from a private employer or from a government unit. Self-employed persons are those who work for
profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or
operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or
in a business operated by a member of the household to whom
they are related by birth or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours
worked during the survey week. For example, persons who
normally work 40 hours a week but were off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours even
though they were paid for the holiday. For persons working
in more than one job, the figures relate to the number of hours
worked in all jobs during the week; all the hours are credited to the major job.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey
week are designated as working full time. Persons who
worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working
part time. Part-time workers are classified by their usual status at their present job (either full or part time) and by their
reason for working part time during the survey week (economic or noneconomic reasons). Economic reasons include:
Slack work, material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start or termination of a job during the week, and inability to find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons include:
Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation, demands
of home or school, no desire for full-time work, and fulltime worker only during peak season. Persons on full-time
schedules include, in addition to those working 35 hours or
more, those who worked from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic
reasons and usually work full time.
Data on employment "at work" differ from data on total
employment because they exclude persons in the zero-hours-

worked category, "with a job but not at work." These are
persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week
for such reasons as bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor dispute.
Employed persons are also categorized into full- and parttime groupings based primarily on their usual status. In this
context, full-time workers are those who (a) worked 35 hours
or more during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours
for economic or noneconomic reasons, but usually work full
time, and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually
work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who
(a) voluntarily worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week,
(b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually
work part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time
work; and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually
work part time.
Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers are
calculated using the concepts of the full- and part-time labor
force which are based on the type of job—full or part-time—
that persons—whether working or unemployed—report that
they want. The "full-time labor force" includes all persons
working part-time but who desire full-time work, that is,
working part time for economic reasons. Thus, this category
consists of persons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily working part time regardless of their usual status; and unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The
"part-time labor force" consists of persons working part time
voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time work.
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work on full-time or voluntary part-time schedules.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours lost
to the economy through unemployment and involuntary parttime employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is computed by assuming that;
(1) unemployed persons looking for full-time work lost an
average of 37.5 hours, (2) those looking for part-time work
lost the average number of hours actually worked by voluntary part-time workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on part time for economic reasons lost the difference
between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they
worked.
White, black, and other are terms used to describe the race
of workers. Included in the "other" group are American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders.
All tables in this publication which contain racial data, with
the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data
for the black population group. Because of their relatively
small sample size, data for "other" races are not published.
In the enumeration process, race is determined by the household respondent.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified themselves
in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican living
on the mainland, Cuban, Central or South American, or of
other Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic ori-




gin may be of any race; thus they are included in both the
white and black population groups.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed
Forces of the United States between August 5, 1964, and
May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and women
are excluded. Nonveterans are men who never served in the
Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from responses
to the question''How much does.. .USUALLY earn per week
at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime
pay, commissions, or tips usually received. The term
"usual" is as perceived by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than half the weeks worked
during the past 4 or 5 months. Data refer to wage and salary
workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who
usually work full time on-their sole or primary job.
Median earnings indicate the value which divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part having values
above the median and the other having values below the median. The medians as shown in this publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the $50 centered interval within
which each median falls.
Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status are terms used to define the marital status of
individuals at the time of interview. Married, spouse present,
applies to husband and wife if both were reported as members of the same household even though one may be temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a hospital,
etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are married,
spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse
absent, includes persons who are separated because of marital discord, as well as persons who are living apart because
either the husband or the wife was employed and living away
from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or had a different
place of residence for any reason.
A household consists of all persons—related family members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a housing unit.
A house, an apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room
is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended for
occupancy as separate living quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in
whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The term
is never applied to either husbands or wives in married-couple
families but relates only to persons in families maintained
by either men or women without a spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons residing
together who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption; all
such persons are considered as members of one family even
though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married couple or a parent-child group related by birth or marriage to the householder and sharing the living quarters. The

121

count of families used in this publication excludes unrelated
subfamilies such as lodgers, guests, or resident employees
living in a household but not related to the householder. Families are classified either as married-couple families or as fa.milies maintained by women or men without spouses. A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in which the
householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married,
spouse absent. Data on the earnings of families exclude all
those in which there is no wage or salary earner or in which
the husband, wife, or other persons maintaining the family
is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in tracted
areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD's) in untracted
areas, in which 20 percent or more of the noninstitutional
residents were poor according to the 1980 decennial census.
Persons were classified as poor or nonpoor by comparing
money income to a series of poverty income thresholds which
vary by family size and number of children. While poverty
areas have a substantial concentration of low-income residents, many poor persons live outside these areas, and conversely, the areas include many people who are not poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the total
of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA'S) as defined by
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as of June 30,
1983. These definitions differ from those used in the 1980
decennial census. A detailed discussion of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology can be found in "The
New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980
Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan Statistical Areas, PC-SI-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist of the total territory outside MSA's.
The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census,
comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in places
of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized areas. More
specifically, the urban population consists of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated
as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New
York), and towns (except in the New England States, New
York, and Wisconsin), but excluding those persons living
in the rural portions of extended cities; and (2) other territories, incorporated and unincorporated, included in urbanized
areas. The population not classified as urban constitutes the
rural population.

HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Change in lower age limit
The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor force,
employment, and unemployment was raised from 14 to 16
years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical
series have been revised to provide consistent information
based on the population 16 years and over. For a detailed
discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced
at that time, including estimates of their effect on the various series, see "New Definitions for Employment and Unemployment," Employment and Earnings and Monthly

122



Report on the Labor Force, February 1967.

Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there are
several other periods of noncomparability in the labor force
data: (l)Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from
the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total employment, and agricultural employment were increased by about
350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and men;
other categories were relatively unaffected. (2) Beginning in
1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and about 300,000
in the labor force. Four-fifths of this increase was in nonagricultural employment; other labor force categories were not appreciably affected. (3) Beginning in 1962, the introduction of
data from the 1960 census reduced the population by about
50,000 and labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually unchanged. (4) Beginning
in 1972, information from the 1970 census was introduced
into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by
about 800,000; labor force and employment totals were
raised by a little more than 300,000; and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent
population adjustment based on the 1970 census was introduced in March 1973. This adjustment, which affected
the white and black-and-other groups but had little effect on
totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white
population and an increase of the same magnitude in the
black-and-other population. Civilian labor force and total employment figures were affected to a lesser degree; the white
labor force was reduced by 150,000, and the black-and-other
labor force rose by about 210,000. Unemployment levels and
rates were not significantly affected.
In addition, beginning in January 1974, the methodology
used to prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to an inflation-deflation
approach. This change in the derivation of the estimates had
its greatest impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year-old men—
particularly those of the black-and-other population—but had
little effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and
over. Additional information on the adjustment procedure
appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from InflationDeflation Method of Estimation", in the February 1974
issue of Employment and Earnings.
Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration of
Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and
black-and-other independent population controls for persons
16 years and over were adjusted upward by 76,000—30,000
men and 46,000 women. The addition of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all of the changes were in
the other population.
Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation procedures
resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the civilian labor

force and employment totals; unemployment levels and rates
were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural
changes and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1978"
in the February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual was
determined by the household respondent for the incoming
rotation group households, rather than by the interviewer as
before. The purpose of this change was to provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race. Thus, in October
1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race determined by the household respondent and seven-eighths of the
sample households had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race determined by the household respondent. The
new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio estimation
method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for
metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for the
total United States. The reasoning behind the change and an
indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the February
1979 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect
on national estimates of labor force characteristics appear
in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning
in January 1982" in the February 1982 issue of Employment
and Earnings. In addition, current population estimates used
in the second-stage estimation procedure were derived
from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than
the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases
in total population and estimates of persons in all labor force
categories. Rates for labor force characteristics, however,
remained virtually unchanged. Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment procedure used is also described in the
February 1982 article cited above. The revisions did not,
however, smooth out the breaks in series occurring between
1972 and 1979 that are described above, and data users
should make allowances for them in making certain data comparisons.
Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment
methodology was updated to account for results obtained
from the 1980 census. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the February
1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. There were only
slight differences between the old and new procedures in estimates of levels for the various labor force characteristics
and virtually no differences in estimates of participation rates.
Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the CPS
estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first
and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite




estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in
the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes
and an indication of their effect on national estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation
Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of this publication. Overall, the revisions had only a slight effect on most
estimates. The greatest impact was on estimates of persons
of Hispanic origin. Major estimates were revised back to
January 1980.
Beginning in January 1986, the population controls used
in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980 and
an improved estimate of the number of emigrants among legal foreign-born residents for the same time period. As a
result, the total civilian population and labor force estimates
were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian employment was increased by about 350,000. The Hispanic-origin civilian population and labor force estimates were raised by about 425,000
and 305,000, respectively, and civilian employment by
270,000. Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and
rates were not significantly affected. Because of the magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data have been revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An
explanation of the changes and their effect on estimates of
labor force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of this
publication.
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification system
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational employment data was affected as a result of changes in the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were
introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further affected
in December 1971, when a question relating to major activity or duties was added to the monthly CPS questionnaire
in order to determine more precisely the occupational classification of individuals. As a result of these changes,
meaningful comparisions of occupational employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and prior years nor
between those 2 years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of the changes
in the occupational classification system, see "Revisions in
Occupational Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in
the Current Population Survey" in the February 1971 and
February 1972 issues, respectively, of Employment and
Earnings.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from those
developed for the 1970 census, which were used in the CPS
from January 1971 through December 1982.
The 1980 census occupational classification system evolved
123

from the Standard Occuptional Classification system (SOC).
While the CPS occupational data are now comparable with
other data sources, the new system is so radically different
in concepts and nomenclaturefromthe 1970 system that comparisons of historical data are not possible without major adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group *'sales
occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category
"sales workers". Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in
retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980 census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification
system (Sic), as modified in 1977. The adoption of the new
system had a much less adverse effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most notable changes from the 1970 system were the transfer of farm
equipment stores from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal
service from "public administration" to "transportation",
and some interchange between "professional and related
services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational
and industrial classification systems appears in "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983"
in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Changes in the sample design
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various
changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of these
changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the
sample design and/or to increase the reliability of the sample estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census is
to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of sample areas
and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally. In 1953, the current rotation plan was introduced, in
which a sample unit is interviewed for 4 months, leaves the
sample for 8 months, and then returns to the sample for
another 4 months. When Alaska and Hawaii achieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to account for
the population in these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major portion of the sample from census address
lists was begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected using area sampling. Following the 1970 census, the
ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous
cluster of six housing units to a usually contiguous cluster
of four housing units. In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24 States and the District of Columbia and designed to provide more reliable
annual average estimates for States, was incorporated into
the design. In October 1978, a coverage improvement sample, composed of approximately 450 sample household units
which represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and
600,000 new construction housing units, was included in
computing the estimates in order to provide coverage of mo124



bile homes and new construction units that previously had
no chance for selection in the CPS sample selected from the
1970 census frame. In January 1980, another supplemental
sample of 9,000 households selected in 32 States and the District of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May
1981. Beginning in January 1982, the sample was expanded
by 100 households to provide additional coverage in counties added to SMSA'S, which were redefined in 1973.
Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was
selected based on 1980 census information rather than 1970
census information. The selection of new sample areas
provided an opportunity to improve the efficiency of the sample design. Sample areas chosen to replace incoming sample areas account for only 10 percent of the national estimate.
The new CPS sample has resulted in increased reliability for
State estimates with a slightly reduced sample size. The reliability of national estimates is unaffected. Sample households
are chosen from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973
geographic areas in the United States. This current number
of sample areas is not completely comparable to the old number of sample areas since many of the sample areas have been
redefined. (See pp. 7-10 of the May 1984 issue of Employment and Earnings, for an overview of these new definitions
and the introduction of the new sample.)
Table A provides a description of some aspects of the CPS
sample design in use during the different data collection
periods. A more detailed account of the history of the CPS
sample design appears in the Current Population Survey: Design and Methodologyy Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of
the Census, or Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force
Statistics Derived From the Current Population Survey,
Report 463, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously
and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data
from each sample person by the inverse of the probability
of the person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure of the number of actual persons that the sample person
represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons
within the same State have the same probability of selection.
These estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the
ratio estimation procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for
occupied sample households for which no information was
obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or
unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This
noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations
of similar sample areas that are not necessarily contained
within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based on
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size. Within

Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date
Households eligible
Time period

Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954.
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956.
May 1956 to Dec. 1959.
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963.
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966.
Jan. 1967 to July 1971 .
Aug. 1971 to July 1972.
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977.
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979.
Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981 .
May 1981 to Dec. 1984.
Jan. 1985 to present

Number of sample
areas
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000

Interviewed
68
230
1330
2333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729

Not interviewed
500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500

Households visited but
not eligible
3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000

1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage
in each State and the District of Columbia

2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and
Hawaii after statehood.

each combination of sample areas there is a further breakdown by residence. MSA sample areas are categorized by
"central city" and "balance of the MSA". Residence
categories of non-MSA areas are "urban" and "rural". The
proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from
4 to 5 percent, depending on weather, vacation, etc.

extent for CPS undercoverage relative to the decennial census, is carried out in three'steps. In the first step, the sample
estimates are adjusted within each State and the District of
Columbia to an independent control for the population 16
years and over. The second step involves an adjustment by
Hispanic origin to a national estimate for eight age-sex
categories by Hispanic and non-Hispanic. In the third step,
a national adjustment is made by the race categories of white,
black, and other races to independent estimates by age and
sex. The white and black categories contain 32 age-sex
groups each; the other races category has 6 age-sex cells.
The entire second-stage adjustment procedure is iterated six
times, each time beginning at the weights developed the
previous time. This ensures that the sample estimates of the
population for both State and national age-sex-race- origin
categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure
incorporates changes instituted in January 1985. The nature
and effect of these changes are discussed in detail in
"Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the February
1985 issue of Employment and Earnings.
The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of
the trend in the growth of this segment of the population from
the April 1, 1980, census through the latest available July
1 estimate, adjusted as a last step to a current estimate of
the U.S. population of this group. State estimates by age for
July 1 are published annually in Current Population Reports y
Series P-25. For a description of the methodology used in
developing the State total, see Report 640 of that series. A
description of the age estimates methodology is available on
request from the Chief of the Population Division, U.S.
Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. 20233.
Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control for
Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census count for Hispanics by adding estimated Hispanic births
and immigrants and subtracting estimated Hispanic deaths

2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected
for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that
of the population as a whole in such characteristics as age,
race, sex, and residence. Since these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample, the survey
estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of
ratio estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of the
729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas not in
the sample; the remainder of the sample areas represent only
themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was
designed to reduce the portion of the variance resulting from
requiring sample areas to represent nonsample areas. Therefore, this procedure is pot applied to sample areas which
represent only themselves. The adjustment is made at the
State level for each of the 43 States which contain nonsample areas by race cells of black and non-black. The procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell at the
time of the 1980 census between the race distribution of the
population in sample areas and the known race distribution
of the State.
b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample
proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted to
the distribution of independent current estimates of the
civilian noninstitutional population in the same categories.
The second-stage ratio adjustment, which is performed to
farther reduce variability of the estimates and to correct to some




125

and emigrants to yield an estimate of the Hispanic population
by age and sex.
During the period from January 1982 to December 1984,
the "inflation-deflation" method was temporarily discontinued
in the preparation of the independent national controls used for
the age-sex-race groups in the third step of the second-stage
ratio estimation procedure. These controls were prepared by
carrying forward the 1980 census data after taking account of
subsequent aging of the population, births, deaths, and net
migration and then subtracting the estimate for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in January 1985,
the "inflation-deflation" method of deriving independent population controls was reintroduced into the CPS estimation procedure. With the "inflation-deflation" method, the independent
controls are prepared by inflating the 1980 census counts to
include estimated undercounts by age, sex and race, aging this
population forward to each subsequent month and later age by
adding births and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These
post-censal population estimates are then deflated to census level
to reflect the pattern of net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex, and race. Because an estimate of undercount
is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex
group is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method. Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age structure
of the undercount, but not the level. This feature of the method
is important since the exact amount of undercount in the 1980
census remains unknown.
Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and the
estimate date are based on tabulations of vital statistics for the
resident population made by the National Center for Health
Statistics and data on deaths of military personnel overseas from
the Department of Defense. Estimates of net civilian immigration are based on data provided by the Immigration and
Naturalization Service, the Department of Defense, the Office
of Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning Board.
The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the
estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas.
The institutional population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived from the 1980 census to the total
population, including Armed Forces overseas for the estimate
date. All computations described above are performed in cells
defined by single year of age, race, and sex. The independent
national control totals are then obtained by collapsing these cells
into broader age groups for the population 16 years and older.
Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced
into the estimation of the independent population controls. For
the first time, an explicit allowance for net undocumented immigration since April 1, 1980 (the census date) was added to
the estimated level of legal immigration. In addition, an increase in the estimate of emigration of legal foreign-born residents has been incorporated into the postcensal population
estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of these changes
are discussed in detail in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January
1986" in the February 1986 issue of Employment and Earnings.
126




3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics for a
given month, a composite estimating procedure is used which
takes account of net changes from the previous month for continuing parts of the sample (75 percent), as well as the sample
results for the current month. Also included is an additional
term which is an estimate of the net difference between incoming and continuing parts of the current month's sample. Almost
all estimates of month-to-month change are improved by this
procedure, and most estimates of level are also improved, but
to a lesser extent.

Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of independent rounding
of totals and components to the nearest thousand. Similarly,
sums of percent distributions may not always equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant.

Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based
on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The standard errors provided primarily indicate the magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in response and enumeration but do not
measure any systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to quantify
some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS , as discussed
below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative change, such as month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels would be more severely affected by
the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many
sources, e.g., inability to obtain information about all cases
in the sample, definitional difficulties, differences in the interpretation of questions, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall
information, errors made in collection such as in recording or
coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made
in estimating values for missing data, and failure to represent
all sample households and all persons within sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of the
survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program.
This program is used to estimate various sources of error as
well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers.
A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected
through reinterview at regular intervals. The results indicate,
among other things, that the data published from the CPS are
subject to moderate systematic biases, A description of the CPS
reinterview program and some of the other results may be found
in the Current Population Survey Reinterview Program,

January 1961 Through December 1966, Technical Paper No.
19, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan
used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies
by rotation group. A description of these effects appears in
"The Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From
Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March
1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage
is about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS undercoverage
varies with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally,
undercoverage is larger for men than for women, and larger for blacks, Hispanics, and other races combined than for
whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-raceHispanic origin population controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage. However, biases exist in the estimates to the extent that
missed persons in missed households or missed persons in
interviewed households have different characteristics than
interviewed persons in the same age-sex-race-Hispanic origin group. Further, the independent population controls used
have not been adjusted for undercoverage in the 1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS
appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by
the Current Population Survey," by Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and
Standards; in "The Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of
Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and
in The Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce. This last document includes a
comprehensive discussion of various sources of error and
describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a measure
of sampling variability, that is, of the variation that occurs
by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and its estimated standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, ranges
that would include the average of all possible samples with
a known probability. For example, if all possible samples
were selected, each of these surveyed under essentially the
same general conditions and using the same sample design,
and an estimate and its estimated error were calculated from
each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error above
the estimate would include the average result of all possible
samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6




standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors
above the estimate would include the average of all possible
samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2
standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors above
the estimate would include the average result of all possible
samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a large number of estimates and could be prepared
at a moderate cost, a number of approximations are required.
First, the standard errors in this volume reflect the sample
design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State estimates. Thus, these standard errors may
slightly overstate the standard errors applicable to the present
design. Second, instead of computing an individual standard
error for each estimate, generalized sets of standard errors
are computed for various types of characteristics. This generalization yields more stable estimates of the standard errors.
Consequently, the sets of standard errors provided give an
indication of the order of magnitude of the standard error
of an estimate rather than the precise standard error.
Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for
major employment status characteristics for monthly estimates and for changes for consecutive months. These standard errors are applicable to the level of the estimates in recent months.
Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors
for monthly level and month-to-month change for estimated
totals, unemployment rates, and percentages. Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly level and
month-to-month change for percentages. Standard errors for
intermediate values not shown in the table may be approximated by linear interpolation. The standard error for estimated changes from one month to the next is more closely
related to the monthly level for the characteristic than to the
size of the specific month-to-month change itself. Thus, in
order to use the generalized standard errors for month-tomonth change as given in the tables of standard errors, it
is necessary to obtain the monthly estimate for the characteristic. It should be noted that the tables of standard errors
for month-to-month change apply only to estimates of change
between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of change for nonconsecutive months are subject to higher standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with tables D, F, H, and I to
compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor force
participation rates, and percentages as pertaining to the yearto-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages,
changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes
in yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes in
quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive
quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the standard errors must be adjusted due to the differences in the sample
size. For years prior to 1956, the standard errors should be
multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66 period they should
be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard
127

Table B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(in thousands)
Standard error of—

Employment status, sex,
age, and race

Total, 1-6 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed .

Monthly
level

Month-tomonth
change
(consecutive
months only)

244
263
131

187
200
134

148
162
89

127
141
91

189
190
82

140
144
85

83
86
57

91
97
63

82
92
65

63
70
67

49
56
43

43
50
46

67
67
43

44
48
46

33
30
30

37
34
32

errors for quarterly estimates of persons and families for use
with the CPS earnings data.
Standard errors for estimated totals. Tables D and E provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals and for
month-to-month change. The figures given in these tables
are to be used for the characteristics as indicated.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number of
persons working a specific number of hours was 12,000,000,
an increase of 400,000 over the previous month. Linear interpolation in the second column of table D shows that the
standard error on an estimate of 12,000,000 is about 159,000.
The 68-percent confidence interval as shown by these data
is from 11,841,000 to 12,159,000. Therefore, a conclusion
that the average estimate derived from all possible samples
lies within a range computed in this way would be correct
for roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that
the standard error of a month-to-month change is primarily
dependent on the size of the monthly estimate. Thus, using
linear interpolation in the first column of table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change of 400,000, when the
monthly level is approximately 12,000,000, is about 118,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability
of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated percentage, computed using sample data for both numerator and
denominator, depends upon both the size of the rate or percentage and the total upon which the rate or percentage is
based. Estimated rates and percentages are relatively more

Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics
Standard error of—

Standard error of—
Characteristic

Characteristic
Monthly level

Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over . . .
Women, 20 years and over.
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .
White workers.
Black workers
Married men, spouse present...
Married women, spouse present.
Full-time workers .
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over .

0.11
.15
.17
.65
.11
.52
.15
.21
.12
.34
.06

Consecutivemonth change
0.12
.15
.18
.77
.12
.54
.16
.23
.12
.42
.08

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and managerial . .
Professional specialty
Technicians and related support.
Sales
Administrative support, including clerical .
Private household .
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective.

128




.21
.18
.49
.29
.24
1.07
.67

.24
.20
.55
.32
.26
1.20
.76

.38

.43

Monthly level

Occupation—Continued
Precision production, craft, and repair.
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing .

Consecutivemonth change

0.32

0.35

.50
.57

.57
.64

.70
.65

.80
.73

.13
1.37
.65
.27
.34
.42

.14
1.56
.74
.30
.38
.48

.41
.26
.20
.18
1.22

.46
.29
.22
.19
1.40

Industry
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers .
Mining
Construction. .
Manufacturing . . .
Durable goods . . . .
Nondurable goods
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade.
Finance and services.
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers.

reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator
of the rates or percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of 50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are not published when the monthly base is less than
75,000, the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or
the annual average base is less than 35,000.
Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for
monthly level and month-to-month change for unemployment
rates. Generalized standard errors for estimated monthly percentages and estimated month-to-month change in percentage can be obtained through the use of the standard errors
in table H and the factors in table I. First, obtain the standard error from table H for the specific percentage and base.
The generalized standard error is then calculated by multiplying the standard error from table H by the appropriate
factor from table I. When the numerator and denominator
of the percentage are in different categories, use the factor
indicated by the numerator of the percentage.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month 3.6 percent of
a total of 90,771,000 employed persons are employed in
agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 3.6 percent with a base of 90,771,000 is obtained from table H (0.09
percent). The appropriate factor from table I for the numerator of the percentage, agricultural employment, is 1.26. The
generalized standard error on the estimated 3.6 percent is
then approximately 0.09 x 1.26 = 0.1 percentage point.

Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly estimates,
quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly
averages, and changes in yearly averages. The approximate
standard errors of levels, rates, and percentages involving
year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and
changes in yearly averages may be obtained by using table
J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for
estimates of change are more closely related to the level of
the estimate than to the size of the specific change. Thus,
to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an average level,
rate, or percentage, or an estimate of a change in level, rate,
or percentage, it is first necessary to find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate of an average level, rate,
or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For
an estimate of change in level, rate, or percentage, find the
standard error of the average of the two estimates affecting
the change. Then, after computing the standard error by treating these estimates as monthly estimates and using the procedures above, multiply this result by a suitable factor from
table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the
average or change.
Illustration. Suppose that one is interested in the year-to-year
change of a monthly unemployment rate. Assume that for
a certain month the unemployment rate is 6.9 percent, based
on a total of 95,676,000 in the civilian labor force, and that

Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(in thousands)
Characteristic
Unemployment

Labor force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment

Estimated monthly level
Agricultural
employment

50 ..
100 .
500 ..
1,000 .
2,000 .
4,000 .
6,000 .
8,000 . .
10,000.
15,000.
20,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
60,000 .
70,000 .
80,000 . .
100,000.
120,000.

14
19
43
61
85
120
146
-

Total or
white

Black

Total or
white

Black

10
15
33
47
66
93
113
129
143
172
195
-

11
16
35
49
67
88
99
-

11
15
34
48
68
95
116
133
147
177
201
236
261
278
288
293
293
273
231

11
15
34
47
64
84
94
97
94
50
-

1
When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group
which is a subset of the age, sex, or race.groups listed, use the standard
error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error




Total or
Total or
white men Black men
only, or
white, 16 to Black, 16 to
only, or
19 years
19 years
women only women only
11
15
33
46
63
80
86
83
70

11
15
29
33
-

10
14
32
45
63
87
105
120
132
155
170
188
189
175
141
61

10
14
31
42
55
66
58
23
-

of the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use
the column for total employed.

129

Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(in thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural
employment

Unemployment
Estimated monthly level
Total or white

50. .
100.
500 ..
1,000 .
2,000 .
4,000 .
6,000 .
8,000 . .
10,000 .
15,000 .
20,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
60,000 .
70,000 .
80,000 . .
100,000 .
120,000
1

12
16
37
51
72
99
118
132
143
160
165
-

Both sexes 16
to 19 years,
or part-time
labor force2

13
18
40
54
70
78
60
-

Black

12
17
38
52
69
85
87

Black, 16 to
16 to 19 years Total or white

12
18
35
37

-

8
11
25
36
50
70
86
98
109
131
148
174
191
203
210
212
211
193
153

Black

8
11
25
35
47
62
70
73
71
42
_

Total or white, Black, 16 to
16 to 19 years
19 years

13
18
39
54
72
88
88
71

13
18
34
36

-

See footnote 1, table D.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons reentering

the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by duration of
unemployment.

a year prior to this the unemployment rate was 6.1 percent,
based on a total of 94,254,000 in the civilian labor force for
the month. First, the standard error on the average of the
two estimates, 6.5 percent with a base of 94,965,000, is obtained from table F (0.12 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate
standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then given
by 0.12 x 1.40 = 0.17 percentage point.
The approximate standard error of levels involving yearto-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using
table K in conjunction with the following formula:

lation between the estimates X and Y resulting from the
presence of some of the same respondents in the sample for
each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of quarterly estimates, the values of P are 0.30 for persons (total,
white, and black) and 0.35 for families (total, white, and
black). The respective values for estimates of Hispanics are
0.45 and 0.55.

2

Standard
error of
year-to-year
change =

Illustration. Assume that in a given quarter the number of
women employed as full-time wage and salary workers was
27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year later, their number had increased to 29,000,000. Using linear interpolation
in the eighth column of table K, the standard error of an estimate of 27,000,000 is 216,000; for 29,000,000 it is
221,000. Using the above formula, the standard error of the
2,000,000 year-to-year change is:

(216,000)

X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the estimate for
another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a measure of the corre-

130




+

or about 259,000.

(221,000)

-2(.30) (216,000)

(221,000),

Table F. Standard errors for unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
Monthly base of unemployment rate
(in thousands)
50, .
100.
500 . .
1,000 .
2,000 .
4,000 .
6,000 . .
10,000 .
20,000 .
60,000 . .
100,000 .

1

2

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2.09
1.48
.66
.47
.33
.23
.19
.15
.10
.06
.05

2.94
2.08
.93
.66
.46
.33
.27
.21
.15
.08
.07

4.57
3.23
1.45
1.02
.72
.51
.42
.32
.23
.13
.10

6.28
4.44
1.99
1.40
.99
.70
.57
.44
.31
.18
.14

7.46
5.28
2.36
1.67
1.18
.83
.68
.53
.37
.21
.17

8.34
5.90
2.64
1.87
1.32
.93
.76
.59
.42
.24
.19

9.01
6.37
2.85
2.01
1.42
1.01
.82
.64
.45
.26
.20

9.05
6.73
3.01
2.13
1.50
1.06
.87
.67
.47
.27
.21

9.87
6.98
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49.
.27
.22

30

35

50
10.21
7.22
3.27
2.28
1.61
1.14
.93
.72
.51
.29
.22

Table G. Standard errors for month-to-month change in unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
Monthly base of unemployment rate
(in thousands)
50, .
100.
500 ..
1,000 .
2,000 .
4,000 .
6,000 . .
10,000 .
20,000 .
60,000 . .
100,000 .

1

2

5

10

15

20

2.32
1.64
.73
.52
.37
.26
.21
.16
.12
.07
.05

3.28
2.32
1.04
.73
.52
.37
.30
.23
.16
.09
.07

5.14
3.64
1.63
1.15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.25
.14
.11

7.18
5.08
2.27
1.60
1.13
.80
.65
.50
.35
.19
.14

8.69
6.14
2.74
1.94
1.37
.96
.78
.60
.42
.22
.15

9.90
7.00
3.13
2.21
1.56
1.10
.89
.68
.47
.23
.15

25
10.93
7.12
3.45
2.44
1.72
1.20
.98
.75
.51
.24

11.81
8.35
3.73
2.63
1.85
1.30
1.05
.80
.54
-

12.58
8.89
3.97
2.80
1.97
1.38
1.11

50
14.48
10.17
4.53
3.19
2.24
1.56

Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for labor force data
Percentage of monthly level
Monthly base of percentages
(in thousands)
50, .
100.
500 ..
1,000 .
2,000 .
4,000 .
6,000 . .
10,000 .
20,000 .
40,000 .
60,000 .
80,000 . .
100,000 .
160,000

1 or 99

2 or 98

5 or 95

10 or 90

15 or 85

20 or 80

25 or 75

30 or 70

2.14
1.51
.68
.48
.34
.24
.20
.15
.11
.08
.06
.05
.05
.04

3.01
2.13
.95
.67
.48
.34
.28
.21
.15
.11
.09
.08
.07
.05

4.69
3.32
1.48
1.05
.74
.52
.43
.33
.23
.17
.14
.12
.10
.08

6.46
4.57
2.04
1.44
1.02
.72
.59
.46
.32
.23
.19
.16
.14
.11

7.68
5.43
2.43
1.72
1.22
.86
.70
.54
.38
.27
.22
.19
.17
.13

8.61
6.09
2.72
1.92
1.36
.96
.79
.61
.43
.30
.25
.22
.19
.15

9.32
6.59
2.95
2.08
1.47
1.04
.85
.66
.47
.33
.27
.23
.21
.16

9.86
6.97
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.35
.28
.25
.22
.17

35 or 65
10.27
7.26
3.25
2.30
1.62
1.15
.94
.73
.51
.36
.30
.26
.23
.18

50
10.76
7.61
3.40
2.41
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
.38
.31
.27
.24
.19

NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in
table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specfic characteristic.




131

Table I. Factors to be used with table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month
change in percentages
Factor

Factor
Characteristic

Characteristic

Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force.
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total
Men o n l y . . .
Women only
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .
Part-time labor force.

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.26
1.26

1.05
1.50
.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18

1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.01

1.21

.97
.97

1.08
1.21

1.04
1.04

1.13
1.24

Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration of
unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .
Black:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .

Table J. Factors to be used with tables D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages,
and change in yearly averages
Factor
Characteristic

Year-to-year
change of monthly
estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in
yearly
averages

1.30
1.30
1.40

0.89
.83
.74

0.80
.80
.80

0.72
.58
.46

0.70
.70
.70

1.30
1.30
1.40

.88
.82
.74

.88
.88
.88

.67
.57
.46

.70
.70
.60

1.40
1.40

.76
.69

.88
.88

.50
.39

.65
.54

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years).
Part time.
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total or white
Black teenagers (16 to 19 years).
Part time.
Unemployment:
Total . . . .
Part time.

132




Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly levels, to be used with CPS earnings data
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Women

Men

Total
Estimated quarterly level

Total or full-time workers

Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers

10 .
50 .
75 ..
100 .
150 .
200 .
250 .
300 .
500 .
750 . .
1,000 .
1,500.
2,000 .
2,500 .
3,000 .
5,000 .
7,500 . .
10,000.
15,000.
20,000 .
25,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
75,000 . .
100,000




5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
76
83
107
130
149
180
205
226
224
273
296
331
343

Total or
white
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
85
93
119
145
165
198
224
244
261
286
301
304
255

Part-time
workers
Black
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
46
53
63
72
79
85
100
107
102
-

5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
144
187
192
207
219
236
-

Total

White

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
117
140
157
183
199
209
212
201
-

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
116
138
155
179
193
199
198
174

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
29
37
45
50
59
65
69
71
64

Total, full-time, or
part-time workers
Total or
white
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
145
173
195
211
224
242
-

Black
5
11
13
15
19
21
24
26
33
41
46
56
63
69
74
85

133

Establishment Data
(Tables B-1 through C-8)
COLLECTION
Payroll reports provide current information on wage and
salary employment and hours and earnings in nonagricultural establishments, by industry and geographic location.
Historical statistics are published in Employment, Hours, and
Earnings, United States, 1909-84, and Employment, Hours,
and Earnings, States and Areas, 1939-82 and their supplements.

industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Nation and for States and areas are classified in accordance with
the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SICM),
Office of Management and Budget. The BLS tabulates and
estimates statistics which distinguish between private and
public establishments, thus maintaining continuity with previously published statistics for the private and government
sector.

Federal-State cooperation

Industry employment

Under cooperative arrangements, responding establishments report employment, hours, and earnings data to State
agencies. State agencies mail the forms to the establishments
and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the reported data to prepare State
and area series and also send the reported data to the BLS
(Washington Office) for use in preparing the national series. This avoids a duplicate reporting burden on establishments, and, together with the use of similar estimating
techniques at the national and State levels, promotes increased
comparability between estimates.

Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received
pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th
of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the number of persons who occupied positions on the last day of the calendar month.
Intermittent workers are counted if they performed any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid
volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic
workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included.
Government employment covers only civilian employees;
military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central
Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency also
are excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick
leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid
holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the
pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike
during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not
counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on leave
without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who were
hired but have not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of changes in number of employees
on nonagricultural payrolls. These indexes measure the percent of industries which posted increases in employment over
the specified time span. The indexes are calculated from 185
seasonally adjusted employment series (two-digit nonmanufacturing industries and three-digit manufacturing industries) covering all nonagricultural payroll employment in
the private sector. A more detailed discussion of these indexes appears in ''Introduction of Diffusion Indexes," in the
December issue of Employment and Earnings.

Shuttle schedules
Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and
Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent each
month so that the next month's data can be entered on the
space allotted for that month. This "shuttle" procedure assures maximum comparability and accuracy of reporting,
since the respondent can see the figures that have been reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of
nonagricultural establishments and, for most industries, employment, payroll, and hours of production and related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay period which includes the 12th of the month.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified
into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume.
Since January 1980, this information is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports
filed by employers. For an establishment making more than
one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the
134




Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports
of payrolls and hours for production and related workers in
manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private serviceproducing industries.

Production and related workers include working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing,
assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling, maintenance,
repair, janitorial, guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant),
recordkeeping, and other services closely associated with the
above production operations.
Construction workers include the following employees in
the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified
craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers,
etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair,
maintenance, etc., whether working at the site of construction or working in shops or yards at jobs (such as precutting
and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the
construction trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not above
the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research
aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, line
installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services are
closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who
received pay for any part of the pay period which includes
the 12th of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union
dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation,
and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless
earned and paid regularly each pay period); other pay not
earned in the pay period reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips;
and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in
kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such as health and
other types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc.,
paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period which
includes the 12th of the month for production, construction,
or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is received
directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production or related workers for which overtime premiums were paid because
the hours were in excess of the number of hours of either
the straight-time workday or the workweek during the pay
period which included the 12th of the month. Weekend and
holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums were
paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.

Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on
a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such variable
factors as premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and
changes in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They
also reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers'
earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups
and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly
earnings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period
of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of
work or time. The earnings series do not measure the level
of total labor costs on the part of the employer since the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items,
payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by
employers, and earnings for those employees not covered
under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.

Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates
to the average hours for which pay was received and is differ-

Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage payments. This series is compiled only for aircraft manufactur-




ent from standard or scheduled hours, Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled
hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further
reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate
weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's
aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures for 1977.
For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product
of average weekly hours and production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry
aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum of the component
aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that
portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If
an employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular rates,
receiving as total compensation his or her holiday pay plus
straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime
hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the
same direction from month to month; for example, overtime
premiums may be paid for hours in excess of the straight-time
workday although less than a full week is worked. Diverse
trends at the industry group level also may be caused by a
marked change in hours for a component industry where little
or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current
months. In addition, such factors as work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence
on overtime hours as on average hours.

135

ing , SIC 3721. The same concepts and estimation methods
apply to this series as apply to the average hourly earnings
series described above; the one difference between the two
series is definitional. The payroll data used to calculate this
series include lump-sum payments made to production workers in lieu of general wage rate increases; such payments
are excluded from the definition of gross payrolls used to
calculate the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 covered by a
lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data are adjusted
to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum payment. Such
payments are generally made once a year and cover the following 12-month period. In order to spread the payment
across this time period, a prorated portion of the payment
is added to the payroll each month. This prorated portion
is adjusted by an exit rate to reduce the lump-sum amount
to account for persons who received the payment but left before the payment allocation period expired.
Average hourly earnings excluding overtime. Average hourly
earnings, excluding overtime premium pay, are computed
by dividing the total production worker payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours
and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are
made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time
and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are
based on monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of
the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC
group I) who received pay during the month. Average hourly
earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total
hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly
basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average
weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but also
by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time workers,
stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees are not
paid may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-time trends of average weekly earnings can be affected by structural changes in the makeup of the work force.
For example, persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced average workweeks in these
industries and have affected the average weekly earnings
series.
136




Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are calculated from the earnings averages for the current month using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price Index for
Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W).
ESTIMATING METHODS
The principal features of the procedure used to estimate
employment for the establishment statistics are (1) the use
of the "link relative" technique, which is a form of ratio
estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of employment levels
to new benchmarks; and (3) the use of size and regional
stratification.
The "link relative" technique
From a sample composed of establishments reporting for
both the previous and current months, the ratio of currentmonth employment to that of the previous month is computed. This is called a "link relative." The estimates of employment (all employees, including production and
nonproduction workers together) for the current month are
obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month
by these link relatives. In addition, bias correction factors
are applied to selected employment estimates each month.
The size of the bias correction factors is determined from
past benchmark comparisons. Beginning with data for April
1983, these factors are modified by changes in the sample
link relatives for the most recent quarter. Other features of
the general procedures are described in table L.
Size and regional stratification
A number of industries are stratified by size of establishment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the hours and
earnings for aggregation into broader industry groupings.
Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment,
hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a whole
industry or a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size stratum of a region within an industry.
Benchmark adjustments
Employment estimates are compared periodically with
benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for the
various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate adjustments are made as indicated. The industry estimates are currently projected from March 1986 levels. Normally, benchmark adjustments are made annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are employment data, by industry, compiled quarterly by State agencies from reports of establishments covered under State
unemployment insurance laws. These tabulations cover about
98 percent of employees on nonagricultural payrolls in the
United States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained

Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Employment, hours,
and earnings

Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or
region/size cell)

Aggregate industry level (division and,
where stratified, industry)

Monthly data
All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by
ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month, for sample establishments
which reported for both months.1

Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells.

All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by
(1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to
all employees in sample establishments for current
month, (2) estimated ratio of women to all employees.2

Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates,
or estimates of women employees, for component cells.

Average weekly hours .

Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by
number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2

Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory
worker employment, of the average weekly hours for
component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours .

Production worker overtime hours divided by number
of production workers.2

Average, weighted by production worker employment, of
the average weekly overtime hours for component cells.

Average hourly earnings .

Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll
divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker
hours.2

Average, .weighted by aggregate hours, of the average
hourly earnings for component cells.

Average weekly earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

All employees.

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
employees.

Annual average data
All employees, women employees, and
production or nonsupervisory workers .

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Average weekly hours .

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by average
weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment

Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers.

Average weekly overtime hours.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (production
worker employment multiplied by average weekly
overtime hours) divided by annual sum of employment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for production
workers divided by annual sum of employment for
these workers.

Average hourly earnings .

Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by weekly
hours and hourly earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by annual
aggregate hours.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Average weekly earnings.

• The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed
enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly
hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by




a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising
mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure
accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and,
at the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest
sample average.

137

from the records of the Social Security Administration, the
Interstate Commerce Commmission, and a number of other
agencies in private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared with
new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are
necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new benchmark and
the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month
by use of the sample trends. Thus, under this procedure, the
benchmark is used to establish the level of employment; the
sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in
the level. A comparison of the actual amounts of revisions
made at the time of the March 1986 benchmark adjustment
is shown in table M.
Data for all months since the last benchmark to which the
series has been adjusted are subject to revision. Revised data
are published as soon as possible after each benchmark revision.
THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is
known as " sampling proportionate to average size of establishment." This design is an optimum allocation design
among strata since the sampling variance is proportional
to the average size of establishments. Under this type of design, large establishments fall into the sample with certainty.
The size of the sample for the various industries is determined empirically on the basis of experience and of cost
considerations. In a manufacturing industry in which a high
proportion of total employment is concentrated in relatively
few establishments, a larger percent of total employment is
included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for
such industries provides for a complete census of the large
establishments, with only a few chosen from among the
smaller establishments or none at all if the concentration of
employment is great enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is

in small establishments, the sample design calls for inclusion of all large establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones. Many industries in the trade and
services divisions fall into this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by available resources,
it is necessary to design samples for these industries with
a smaller proportion of universe employment than is the case
for most manufacturing industries. Since individual establishments in these nonmanufacturing divisions generally show
less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than
do establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller
samples (in terms of employment) generally produce reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS establishment survey program,
with its emphasis on producing timely data at minimum cost,
a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of
a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide
reasonably reliable estimates that can be published promptly and regularly. The present sample meets these specifications for most industries. With its use, the BLS is able to
produce preliminary estimates each month for many industries and for many geographic levels within a few weeks after the reference period, and, at a somewhat later date,
statistics in considerably greater industrial detail.
Coverage
The BLS sample of establishment employment and payrolls
is the largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social statistics. Table N shows the approximate proportion of
total employment in each industry division covered by the
group of establishments furnishing monthly employment
data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions shown.
Table N. Approximate size and coverage of BLS employment
and payrolls sample, March 19861

Industry

Total .

Table M. Comparison of nonagricultural employment
benchmarks and estimates for March 1986
Industry

Total.
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale trade .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .
Services . . . .
Government .
1

Less than 0.05 percent.

138




Benchmark

Estimate

Percent
difference

98,150

98,617

-0.5

832
4,415
18,945

842
4,441
19,148

-1.2
-.6
-1.1

5,200
5,695
17,327

5,215
5,803
17,418

-.3
-1.9
-.5

6,140
22,650
16,946

6,144
22,593
17,013

-.1
.3
-.4

Mining
Construction .
Manufacturing
Transportaion and public utilities
Wholesale trade.
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services....
Government:
Federal2
State .
Local.

Number
of establishments
in sample

Employees
Number
reported

Percent of
total

249,800 37,762,000

38

3,700
319,000
23,100
840,000
51,100 10,018,000
11,600 2,380,000
21,900
978,000
42,900 3,352,000

38
19
53
46
17
19

17,700
53,300

2,135,000
5,362,000

35
24

5,000
4,800
14,700

2,908,000
3,194,000
6,276,000

100
80
62

1
Since a few establishments do not report payroll and hours information, hours
and earnings estimates may be based on a slightly smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
National estimates of Federal employment by agency are provided to BLS
by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal employment, are
based on a sample of 5,000 reports covering about 62 percent of employment
in Federal establishments.

Reliability
Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment
sample assures a high degree of accuracy, the estimates derived from it may differ from the figures that would be obtained if it were possible to take a complete census using the
same schedules and procedures. As discussed under the
previous section, a link relative technique is used to estimate
employment. This requires the use of the previous month's
estimate as the base in computing the current month's estimate. Thus, small sampling and response errors may accumulate over several months. To remove this accumulated
error, the estimates are usually adjusted annually to new
benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and
response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts the estimates
for changes in the industrial classification of individual establishments (resulting from changes in their product which
are not reflected in the levels of estimates until the data are
adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed
industry levels, particularly within manufacturing, changes
in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments. Another cause of differences arises from improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O presents
the average percent revisions of the five most recent benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed descriptions of
individual benchmark revisions are available from the Bureau
upon request.
The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating cells
are not subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader groupings may be affected slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings estimates, however,
are subject to sampling errors, which may be expressed as
Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment
estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)

Industry

Average
Relative
benchmark
revision in
estimates Average
of employ- weekly
ment1
hours

Total

Average
hourly
earnings

0.2

. .

.3
2.7
1.2
.7
.8
.7
.4
.7
1.0
.2
.2
.4

0.1
1.0
.2
.1
.1
.1
.7
.2
CM

Total private.
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods . . .
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services . . .
Government3

error2

.2
.4
-

0.2
1.3
.5
.2
.3
.2
.6
.4
.4
.4
.6
-

< The average percent revision in employment for the 1982-86 benchmarks.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
Estimates for government are based on a total count for Federal Government provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a sample of State
and local government reports.
2

relative errors of the estimate. (A relative error is a standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate.) Relative
errors for major industries are presented in table O and for
individual industries with the specified number of employees
in table P. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours
and earnings estimates from the sample would differ by a
smaller percentage than the relative error from the averages
that would have been obtained from a complete census.
One measure of the reliability of the employment estimates
for individual industries is the root-mean-square error
(RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for
the bias in estimates:
RMSE =

V(standard deviation)2

(bias)2

If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that an
estimate from the sample would differ from its benchmark
by less than the root-mean-square error. The chances are
about 19 out of 20 that the difference would be less than twice
the root-mean-square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based on
the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences between
final estimates and benchmarks are presented in table P.
For the two most recent months, estimates of employment,
hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so footnoted in
the tables. These figures are based on less than the total sample and are revised when all the reports in the sample have
been received. Table Q presents root-mean-square errors of
the amounts of revisions that may be expected between the
preliminary and final levels of employment and preliminary
and final month-to-month changes. Revisions of preliminary
hours and earnings estimates are normally not greater than
0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1 cent for hourly
earnings.

STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
State and area employment, hours, and earnings data are
collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation
with BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan areas.
Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings

Size of employment estimate

50,000
100,000 .
200,000 .
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000

Relative error2
(in percent)

Rootmeansquare
error of
employment
estimates1

Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

2,100
3,900
5,600
14,000
15,000
26,000

2.2
1.3
1.1
.9
.8
.5

4.0
2.3
2.0
1.6
1.2
.9

3




1
2

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

139

Definitions for all areas are published each year in the issue
of Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in definitions are noted at they occur. Additional industry detail may
be obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back
coyer of each issue. These statistics are based on the same

estblishment reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates. For employment, the sum of the State figures may
differ slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a
national basis, because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification.

Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Root-mean-square error
of—

Root-mean-square error
ofIndustry

Monthly
level
110,800

104,900

Total private .

67,400

61,600

Goods producing.

29,300

24,100

5,300
4,200

5,100
4,100

Construction
General building contractors.

18,100
6,500

14,000
4,900

Manufacturing.

22,800

22,800

18,500
3,100
2,000
2,200
6,100

17,500
2,600
1,800
2,100
5,900

4,900
3,300
7,200
5,600
9,200
8,100
2,100
2,000

4,600
2,900
6,400
6,000
8,800
8,600
2,200
2,000

9,900
6,300
1,700
2,200

9,500
6,400
1,600
2,300

6,300
1,500
2,200

5,600
1,300
2,100

Total .
1

Mining
Oil and gas extraction .

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products .
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic
steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical . . . .
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment.
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing. . .
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products.
Tobacco manufactures .
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile
products
Paper and allied products .
Printing and publishing .

Industry

Month-to-month
change

Nondurable goods—Continued
Chemicals and allied products . .
Petroleum and coal products . .
Rubber and misc. plastics
products
Leather and leather products . .




Month-to-month
change

2,400
1,300

2,300
1,300

2,100
2,300

2,000
2,200

100,500

98,400

15,700
18,200

13,800
17,400

6,600

6,200

9,000
5,800
5,300

8,000
5,100
4,500

37,500
20,700
6,400

34,600
18,700
5,800

3,200
17,600

3,000
15,200

8,400
4,500
3,000
4,800

7,400
3,800
2,300
4,100

Services
Business services.
Health services.

33,200
12,200
10,600

30,500
10,800
10,400

Government.
Federal.
State.
Local .

73,700
17,400
24,600
35,200

68,400
11,300
23,000
32,800

Service-producing industries.
Transportation and public utilities . .
Transportation
Communication and public
utilities.
Wholesale trade
Durable g o o d s . . . .
Nondurable goods.
Retail trade
General merchandise stores .
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service
stations
Eating and drinking places .
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance . .
Insurance . .
Real estate.

NOTE: Data are based on differences from December 1981 through December 1986.

140

Monthly
level

rroaucuviiy

(Tables C-9 through C-11)
COLLECTION
Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics from establishment data and from estimates of compensation and gross national product supplied by the U.S.
Department of Commerce and the Federal Reserve Board.

CONCEPTS
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments refer to hours paid for all e m p l o y e e s production workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried
workers.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final goods
and services produced in a given period. Indexes of output
per hour of all persons measure changes in the volume of
goods and services produced per paid hour of labor input.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance
and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate
of wages, salaries, and supplementary payments for the selfemployed, except for nonfinancial corporations, in which
there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per hour adjusted to eliminate the effect of changes in the Consumer
Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost required to produce one unit of output and are derived by dividing compensation per hour by output per hour.
Unit nonlaborpayments include profits, depreciation, interest, and indirect taxes per unit of output. They are com-

puted by subtracting compensation of all persons from the
current-dollar gross national product and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor payments except unit profits.
Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory valuation adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the
current-dollar estimate of gross product by the constant-dollar
estimate, making the deflator, in effect, a price index for
gross product of the sector reported.

NOTES ON THE DATA
For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector,
these indexes relate to the gross domestic product less households and institutions, owner-occupied housing, and the
statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic product of nonfinancial corporate business.
Manufacturing output data are supplied by the Bureau of
Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, and the
Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to annual estimates
of output (gross product originating) from the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Compensation and hours data are from the
Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81, BLS
Bulletin 2178. Additional information may be obtained from
the Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523-9261).

State and Area Labor Force Data
(D table)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor
market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under Federal assistance programs are developed by State employment
security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative program.
The local unemployment estimates which are derived from
standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis of
determining eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal
programs such as the Job Training Partnership Act and the
Public Works and Economic Development Act.
Annual average data for the States and areas shown in table D are published in Employment and Earnings (usually the
May issue). For regions, States, selected metropolitan areas,
and central cities, annual average data classified by selected
demographic, social, and economic characteristics are




published in the BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force and unemployment estimates for counties, cities, and other small areas have been prepared for administration of various Federal economic assistance programs and
may be ordered from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. The
report "Employment and Unemployment in States and Local Areas" is published monthly through GPO and is available on microfiche only on a subscription basis.

ESTIMATING METHODS
The civilian labor force and unemployment estimates in
11 large States: New York, California, Illinois, Ohio, New
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Texas, Massachusetts,
141

North Carolina, and Florida; and two areas: Los AngelesLong Beach metropolitan area and New York City, are sufficiently reliable to be used directly from the CPS. For a
description of the CPS concepts, see "Household Data,"
above.
Monthly labor force and unemployment estimates in the
remaining 39 States, the District of Columbia, and over 2,600
labor market areas are prepared in several stages. The civilian
labor force is the sum of the employment and unemployment
levels, which are estimated in accordance with the BLS
Manual for Developing Local Area Unemployment Statistics.
1. Preliminary estimate—employment: The total civilian employment estimate is based on data from the survey of establishments which produces an estimate of payroll
employment. This place-of-work estimate must be adjusted
to refer to place of residence as used in the CPS. Factors for
adjusting from place of work to place of residence have been
developed for the several categories of employment on the
basis of employment relationships which existed at the time
of the 1980 decennial census. These factors are applied to
the payroll employment estimates for the current period to
obtain adjusted employment estimates to which are added
estimates for employment not covered by unemployment insurance (ui).
2. Preliminary estimate—unemployment: In the current
month, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the
estimates for each of three categories: (1) Persons who were
previously employed in industries covered by State ui laws;
(2) those previously employed in industries not covered by
these laws; and (3) those who were entering the civilian labor
force for the first time or reentering after a period of separation. This is referred to below as the ui-based estimate.
An estimate for those previously employed in covered industries is derived from a count of current employment insurance claimants, plus estimates of claimants whose benefits
have been exhausted, those persons disqualified from receiving benefits for nonmonetary reasons (because they quit, were
discharged for cause, etc., but would otherwise have been
eligible), and persons who either filed claims late or not at all.
The estimate of those previously employed in industries
not covered by ui is derived by applying to the employment
estimate for each noncovered industry or class of worker subgroup in the State, the ratio of covered unemployment to covered employment weighted by factors reflecting national
historical relationships.
For the third category, new entrants and reentrants into
the labor force, a composite estimate is developed from equations that relate the total entrants into the labor force to the
experienced unemployed and the experienced labor force.
For each month, the estimate of entrants into the labor force
is a function of: (a) the month of the year; (b) the level of

142




the experienced unemployed; (c) the level of the experienced
labor force; and (d) the proportion of the working age population that is considered "youth."
3. Monthly reconciliation with the CPS. Each month correction factors for employment and unemployment are applied
at the State level to the Ui-based estimates obtained above
for each of the 39 States and the District of Columbia. These
correction factors are based on the ratio of the CPS to the
ui-based estimates for the 6-month period ending in the current month (e.g., a 6-month moving average). The adjustment is necessary because the State-prepared estimates are
not as reliable as the CPS data due to differences in the State
UI laws, the structural limitations of the Ui-based estimating method, and errors in the UI data.
4. Substate adjustment for additivity. Independent estimates
of employment and unemployment are prepared for the State
(obtained directly from the CPS in the 11 large States or by
the ui-based method in the remaining States), and labor market areas (LMA's) within the State. The total of the geographic areas in the LMA's exhausts the geographic boundaries of
the State. A proportional adjustment is applied to all substate LMA estimates to ensure that the sub-State estimates of
employment and unemployment add to the independent State
totals. In California and New York, which also have subState areas taken directly from the CPS, the additivity adjustment for the remaining areas is applied to the State total
minus the direct CPS area.
5. Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year,
monthly estimates prepared by the State employment security agencies using ui-based estimating procedures are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the annual average CPS
estimates for the 39 States and the District of Columbia for
which monthly CPS estimates are not used directly. This adjustment is made because the State-prepared monthly estimates are not as reliable as the CPS annual averages due to
the limitations of the 6-month moving averge adjustment
procedure. Revisions to the inputs used in the Ui-based estimates are also made at the time of the annual benchmark.
The State wide benchmarked estimates are produced in
three stages. First the monthly ui-based estimates are adjusts
ed by the ratio of the CPS to the ui-based annual averages.
Second, the difference between the ratio of annual averages
for two consecutive years is wedged into the monthly estimates in order to minimize the disturbance to the original
series. Finally, the third-stage estimates are forced into agreement with CPS annual averages. In the 11 States for which
CPS estimates are used monthly, no benchmark correction
is required, as the average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates will equal CPS annual averages.

Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather,
reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays,
and the opening and closing of schools. Because these
seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each
year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated
by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical and other
nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating changes
in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note that
seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past
experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a broader
margin of possible error than the original data on which they
are based, since they are subject not only to sampling and
other errors but are also affected by the uncertainties of the
seasonal adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and establishment-based data are
published regularly in Employment and Earnings.
The seasonal adjustment program used for these series is
an adaptation of the standard ratio-to-moving-average
method. It provides for "moving" adjustment factors to take
account of changing seasonal patterns. A detailed description of the method is given in The X-ll Variant of the Census Method II Seasonal Adjustment Program, Technical
Paper No. 15, Bureau of the Census (1967).
Beginning in January 1980, BLS introduced two major
modifications in the seasonal adjustment methodology for
data from the household survey. First, the data are being
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll ARIMA,
which was developed at Statistics Canada as an extension
of the existing standard X-ll method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-II ARIMA Seasonal
Adjustment Method, by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E, January 1983. The X-ll procedure was originally developed at the Bureau of the Census
and had been used by the BLS to seasonally adjust labor force
series since 1973. Tests have shown that use of the X-ll
ARIMA procedure, which places more emphasis on recent
data, provides better seasonal adjustments than does the X-l 1
method alone.
The second change is that seasonal adjustment factors are
calculated for use during the first 6 months of the year rather
than for the entire year. In July of each year, BLS calculates
and publishes in Employment and Earnings a set of seasonal
adjustment factors for use in the second half, based on the
experience through June. Revisions of historical data for the
most recent 5 years are made at the beginning of each calendar year. However, as a result of the revisions to the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980 census population counts,
revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982 were
carried back to 1970.




All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For
example, for each of the three major labor force
components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural employment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age groups
(men and women under and over 20 years of age) are
separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then added to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted civilian employment components, plus
the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components;
the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment
by the estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent seasonal adjustment of various series, components will
not necessarily add to totals.
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor force
series based on the experience through December, new
seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate the civilian
unemployment rate for the first 6 months of the following
year, and a description of the current seasonal adjustment
methodology are published in each January issue of Employment and Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the revision period for a broader range of labor force
series are published in the February issue of this publication.
Beginning in July 1980, the BLS also uses the X-l 1 ARIMA
methodology in seasonally adjusting the establishment data,
which previously had been computed using the BLS Seasonal
Factor Method. All series are seasonally adjusted using the
multiplicative models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors used in calculating the current year's estimates
are based on actual data through March 1987 and projected
data through March 1988. The ARIMA model options for
projecting the data series for 1 year ahead have been used
in seasonally adjusting the establishment series since June
1981.
Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to the component levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for most of these
series are then obtained by taking a weighted average of the
seasonally adjusted data for the component series. Seasonally
adjusted average weekly earnings are the product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and seasonally adjusted
average weekly hours.
Average weekly earnings in constant dollars, seasonally
adjusted, are obtained by dividing average weekly earnings,
seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer
Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
(CPI-W), and multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying
average weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, by production
143

or nonsupervisory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the 1977 base. For total private, total goodsproducing, total private service-producing, wholesale trade,
retail trade, manufacturing, and durable and nondurable
goods industries, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by summing the aggregate
weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the 1977 base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number
of series characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These
failed or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series are used
in the aggregation to broader level seasonally adjusted series, however.
Beginning in June 1983, seasonal adjustment factors for
Federal Government employment are derived from unadjust-

144




ed data which include Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal Service. In earlier years the number
of these workers was substantial, and at times varied greatly from year to year, based on administrative decisions of
the Postal Service. Hence, it was considered desirable to exclude this group from the unadjusted data upon which the
seasonal adjustment factors were based. In the past several
years, the number of these workers has decreased to the point
where their presence has no impact on seasonal adjustment.
Temporary census takers for the 1980 decennial census are
removed prior to the calculation of seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government employment.
The revised seasonally adjusted series for the establishment data reflect experience through March 1987. Seasonal
adjustment factors to be used for current adjustment appear
in the June 1987 issue of Employment and Earnings.

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
REGION I - BOSTON
John Fitzgerald Kennedy Federal Building
Suite 1603
Boston, MA 02203

REGION V - CHICAGO
9th Floor
230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604

REGION II - NEW YORK
Suite 3400
1515 Broadway
New York, NY 10036

REGION VI - DALLAS
Room 221
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, TX 75202

REGION III - PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, PA 19101

REGIONS VII and VIII - KANSAS CITY
15th Floor
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, MO 64106

REGION IV - ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street, NE.
Atlanta, GA 30367

REGIONS IX and X - SAN FRANCISCO
450 Golden Gate Avenue
Box 36017
San Francisco, CA 94102

COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES

Current Employment Statistics Program (CES), and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program
(LA US)
BLS
Region
IV
X
IX
VI
IX
VIII
I
III
III

ALABAMA
ALASKA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
DIST. OF COL.

IV FLORIDA
IV
IX
X
V
V
VII
VII
IV
VI
I
III
I
V
V
IV
VII
VIII
VII
IX
I
II
VI
II
IV
VIII
V
VI

GEORGIA
HAWAII
IDAHO
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA

X OREGON
III PENNSYLVANIA
II PUERTO RICO
I
IV
VIII
IV
VI
VIII
I
III
II
X
III

RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VERMONT
VIRGINIA
VIRGIN ISLANDS
WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA

V WISCONSIN
VIII WYOMING




-Research and Statistics Div., Depart, of Industrial Relations, Industrial Relations Building, Room 427, Montgomery 36130
-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 25501, Juneau 99802
-Department of Economic Security, 733-A, P.O. Box 6123, Phoenix 85005
-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, State Capitol Mall, P.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 72203
-Employment Data and Research Div., Employment Development Depart., P.O. Box 1679, Sacramento 95808.
-Division of Employment and Training, 1330 Fox Street, Denver 80204
-Employment Security Division, Labor Department, 200 Folly Brook Boulevard, Wethersfield 06109
-Department of Labor, University Plaza Office Complex, P.O. Box 9029, Newark 19711
-Division of Labor Market Information, Research and Analysis, Department of Employment Services,
500 C Street N.W., Room 411, Washington 20001
-Bureau of Research and Information, Depart, of Labor and Employment Security, 2574 Seagate Drive,
Tallahassee 32301
-Department of Labor, 254 Washington Street, S.W., Atlanta 30334
-Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, 830 Punchbowl Street, Room 304, Honolulu 96813
-Department of Employment, P.O. Box 35, Boise 83735
-Bureau of Employment Security, 910 South Michigan Avenue, 12th Floor, Chicago 60605
-Employment Security Division, 10 North Senate Avenue, Indianapolis 46204
-Department of Job Service, 1000 East Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
-Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka Avenue, Topeka 66603
-Department for Employment Services, Cabinet for Human Resources, 275 E. Main Street, Frankfort 40621
-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 44094, Capitol Station, Baton Rouge 70804
-Division of Research and Analysis, Department of Labor, 20 Union Street, Augusta 04330
-Research and Analysis Division, Department of Human Resources, 1100 North Eutaw Street, Baltimore 21201
-Division of Employment Security, Charles F. Hurley Building, Government Center, Boston 02114
-Research and Statistics Division, Employment Security Commission, 7310 Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
-Department of Jobs and Training, 390 North Robert Street, St. Paul 55101
-Labor Market Information Department, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 1699, Jackson 39215-1699
-Division of Employment Security, P.O. Box 59, Jefferson City 65104
-Department of Labor and Industry, P.O. Box 1728, Helena 59601
-Division of Employment, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln 68509
-Employment Security Department, 500 East Third Street, Carson City 89713
-Department of Employment Security, 32 South Main Street, Concord 03301
-Division of Planning and Research, Department of Labor, P O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625
-Employment Services Division, Employment Security Department, P.O. Box 1928, Albuquerque 87103
-Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor, State Campus, Building 12, Albany 12240
-Labor Market Information Division, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 25903, Raleigh 27611
-Job Service, P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58502
-Labor Market Information Division, Bureau of Employment Services, P.O. Box 1618, Columbus 43216
-Research and Planning Division, Employment Security Commission, 310 Will Rogers Memorial Office Building,
Oklahoma City 73105
-Employment Division, Department of Human Resources, 875 Union Street N.E., Salem 97311
-Research and Statistics Division, Department of Labor and Industry, 7th and Forster Streets, Harrisburg 17121
-Department of Labor and Human Resources, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 505 Munoz Rivera Ave., 17th Fl.,
Hato Rey 00918 (CES). Bureau of Employment Security, 505 Munoz Rivera Ave., 15th Fl., Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
-Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason Street, Providence 02903
-Employment Security Commission, P. O. Box 995, Columbia 29202
-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 1730, Aberdeen 57401
-Department of Employment Security, Cordell Hull Office Building, Room 519, Nashville 37219
-Employment Commission, 15th and Congress Avenue, Austin 78778
-Department of Employment Security, P.O. Box 11249, Salt Lake City 84147
-Department of Employment and Training, P.O. Box 488, Montpelier 05602
-Division of Research and Analysis, Employment Commission, P.O. Box 1358, Richmond 23211
-Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 818, St. Thomas 00801
-Employment Security Department, 212 Maple Park, Olympia 98504
-Division of Labor and Economic Security, Depart, of Employment Security, 112 California Avenue,
Charleston 25305
-Department of Industry, Labor, and Human Relations, P.O. Box 7944, Madison 53707
-Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 2760, Casper 82602