Full text of Employment and Earnings : April 1994
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DEPOSITORY
EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
April 1994
In this issue: First quarter 1994
averages for household
survey data
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Robert B. Reich, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner
E & E - Employment and Earnings (ISSN 0013-6840), is
prepared in the Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications and Special Studies. The data are collected by the
Bureau of the Census (Department of Commerce) and
State employment security agencies, in cooperation with
the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief description of the
cooperative statistical programs of the BLS with these
agencies is presented in the Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error section. The State agencies are listed on
the inside back cover.
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April 1994
Vol. 41 No. 4
Calendar of Features
In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.
Household data
Annual averages
Jan.
Union affiliation
Jan.
Earnings by detailed occupation
Jan.
Employee absences
Jan.
Revised seasonally adjusted series
Jan.
Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data,
persons of Hispanic origin, Vietnam-era
veterans and nonveterans, and weekly
earnings data.
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.
Establishment data
National annual averages:
Industry divisions (preliminary)
Jan.
Industry detail
Mar., June
Women employees
Mar., June
National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and
new seasonal adjustment factors
June
Revised historical national data
Bulletin1
State and area annual revisions
March
State and area annual averages
May
Area definitions
May
State and area labor force data
Annual revisions
Annual averages
1
The most recent publication was issued in August 1993 as Employment,
Hours, and Earnings, United States, 1981-93, BLS Bulletin 2429, and is
available from: New Orders, U.S. Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box
371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954, at 333 a copy, GPO Stock Number
029-001-03148-3.
March
May
Employment and Earnings
Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Eugene H. Becker
Editors' Note
Due to editing and processing problems associated with the Current Population Survey (CPS) redesign,
publication of all labor force data by family relationship has been temporarily suspended. Publication of data on
metropolitan-nonmetropolitan, poverty-nonpoverty, urban, and rural areas has been discontinued until after the
completion of the redesign of the CPS sample areas in 1995.
Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Contents to the explanatory notes and estimates of error
Employment and unemployment developments, March 1994
Summary tables and charts
Explanatory notes and estimates of error
Index to statistical tables
2
5
6
8
156
192
Statistical tables
Source
Household data
Establishment data:
Employment:
National
State
Area
Hours and earnings:
National
State and area
Local area labor force data:
Regional
State
Area
Household data:
Quarterly averages
Historical
adjusted^
seasonally
adjusted
10
12
21
44
48
53
65
78
78
45
61
96
119
124
126
136
131
131
145
Monthly Household Data
Page
Historical
A-l.
A-2.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1961 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1983 to date
10
11
Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
A-3.
A-4.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
12
13
A-5.
Employment and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age
15
Characteristics of the Employed
A-6.
A-7.
Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status
Employed persons by age and sex
16
17
Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-8.
A-9.
A-10.
A - l 1.
A-12.
Unemployed persons
Unemployment rates
Unemployment rates
Unemployed persons
Unemployed persons
by age and sex
by age and sex
by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics
by reason for unemployment
by duration of unemployment
17
18
19
20
20
Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
A-13.
A-14.
A-15.
A-16.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school
enrollment, educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race
21
24
25
27
Characteristics of the Employed
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
Employed persons by industry and occupation
Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by hours of work
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working
less than 35 hours and usual full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or
part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status
28
29
30
31
32
32
33
34
35
Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.
A-32.
A-33.
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
persons by occupation and sex
persons by industry and sex
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
persons, total and full-time workers, by duration of unemployment
persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
36
37
38
39
40
40
41
42
Persons Not in the Labor Force
A-34.
Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex
42
Multiple Jobholders
A-35.
Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics
43
Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans
A-36.
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
...
43
Monthly Establishment Data
Page
Historical
B-l.
B-2.
Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1943 to date
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
44
45
Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment
National
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups
B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry
and manufacturing group
B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change
48
50
51
52
States
B-7.
Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry
53
Hours and Earnings
National
B-8.
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group
B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry
B - l l . Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry
61
62
63
64
Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment
National
B-l2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
B-l3. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
65
77
States and Areas
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
78
Hours and Earnings
National
B-l5. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by detailed industry
B-15a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles
(SIC 3761) manufacturing
B-16. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
B-l7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
96
116
117
118
States and Areas
B-l8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in
States and selected areas
119
Monthly Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data
Seasonally Adjusted Data
C-l.
C-2.
Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions
Labor force status by State
124
126
Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
C-3.
Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
...
131
Quarterly Household Data
Page
Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
D-l.
D-2.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
136
137
Characteristics of the Employed
D-3.
D-4.
D-5.
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age
Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status
Employed persons by age and sex
139
140
141
Characteristics of the Unemployed
D-6.
D-7.
D-8.
D-9.
D-10.
Unemployed persons
Unemployment rates
Unemployment rates
Unemployed persons
Unemployed persons
by age and sex
by age and sex
by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics
by reason for unemployment
by duration of unemployment
141
142
143
144
144
Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
D-ll.
D-l2.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of the Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin population by sex and age
145
146
Characteristics of the Employed
D-13.
D-14.
D-15.
Employed white, black, and Hispanic-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker, and
full- and part-time status
Employed Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker,
and full- and part-time status
Employed persons by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
147
148
149
Characteristics of the Unemployed
D-16.
D-l7.
D-18.
Unemployment rates by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
149
150
150
Weekly Earnings Data
D-19.
D-20.
D-21.
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex
151
152
153
Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans Data
D-22.
D-23.
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin
154
154
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error
Page
Page
Introduction
Relation between the household and establishment series . . .
Comparability of household data with other series
Comparability of payroll employment data with
other series
156
156
157
Household data
Collection and coverage
Concepts and definitions
Historical comparability
Conceptual/methodological changes
Noncomparability of labor force levels
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Sampling
Selection of sample areas
Selection of sample households
Rotation of sample
Estimating methods
Noninterview adjustment
Ratio estimates
First stage
Second stage
Composite estimation procedure
Rounding of estimates
Reliability of the estimates
Nonsampling error
Sampling error
Tables 1-B through 1-H
158
158
158
161
161
162
Establishment data
Collection
Concepts
176
176
176
157
164
165
165
166
166
167
167
167
167
167
168
168
168
168
169
170
Establishment data—Continued
Estimating methods
Benchmarks
Monthly estimation
Stratification
Link relative technique
Bias adjustment
Summary of methodology table
The sample
Design
Coverage
Reliability
Measures of error tables
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error
Noneconomic code changes
Hours and earnings
Revisions between preliminary and final data
Statistics for States and areas
179
179
179
179
179
179
180
181
181
182
182
182
182
183
183
183
185
Regional, State, and area labor force data
Federal-State cooperative program
Estimating methods
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates
Benchmark correction procedures
Estimates for sub-State areas
Preliminary estimate:
Employment
Unemployment
Sub-State adjustment for additivity
Benchmark correction
188
188
188
188
188
189
189
Seasonal adjustment
190
189
189
189
189
Employment and Unemployment
Developments, March 1994
Nonfarm payroll employment rebounded sharply in
March from weather-related weakness in the prior 2
months. The unemployment rate, at 6.5 percent, was the
same as it had been in February.
The March increase of 456,000 in the number of payroll
jobs brought growth in the first quarter back in line with
that for the fourth quarter of last year. The average
workweek also expanded markedly following February's
weather-induced declines.
Unemployment
The unemployment rate was 6.5 percent in March, the
same as in February, and the number of unemployed
persons remained at 8.5 million. Unemployment rates for
most worker groups were little changed from February to
March.
Changes over the month in several measures partially
reversed unusually large movements in February. The
number of persons jobless for less than 5 weeks rose by
184,000 in March, while the number who were jobless
from 5 to 14 weeks fell by 178,000. (See table A-12.) The
number of persons employed part time for economic reasons—often referred to as the "partially unemployed" — rose by 349,000 to a total of 5.0 million in March
(table A-6). It is important to note that data from the
household survey continue to reflect the transition to a revised questionnaire and new collection methods which
were implemented in January.
Total employment and the labor force
Total employment was 122.0 million in March, little
changed from February. The employment-population
ratio — the proportion of the working-age population with
jobs — also was about unchanged at 62.2 percent. (See table
A-3.) A total of 7.2 million workers (not seasonally
adjusted), or 5.9 percent of all employed persons, held two
or more jobs in March (table A-35).
The labor force participation rate in March was 66.6
percent (seasonally adjusted), and there were 130.6 million
people in the labor force, about the same as in February.
(See table A-3.)
Discouraged workers
The number of discouraged workers — those who
wanted a job but gave up searching for work because they
believed there were no jobs to be found —was about
530,000 in March (not seasonally adjusted). (See table
A-34.)
Industry payroll employment
Nonfarm payroll employment climbed by 456,000 in
March, as several industries rebounded from depressed
levels related to severe winter weather in January and
February. Monthly job growth for the first quarter
averaged 208,000, about the same healthy advance as in
the last quarter of 1993. (See table B-3.)
The construction industry added 74,000 jobs in March
on a seasonally adjusted basis. After 2 months of
weather-related declines totaling 22,000, construction
again showed the strength it exhibited in late 1993. Mining
employment was down slightly in March, as oil and gas
extraction continued to lose jobs.
Manufacturing employment edged up by 12,000 in
March, for the sixth straight month of growth, during
which time 88,000 jobs have been added. Over-the-month
gains were recorded in fabricated metals, industrial
machinery, and electronic equipment; employment in
each of these industries has been trending upward since
last summer. There were job losses, however, in lumber
and wood products, transportation equipment, and
instruments.
Employment in transportation and public utilities grew
by 21,000, due to an unusually large increase in the
transportation component. Total transportation employment (3.6 million) has now surpassed the previous peak
level reached in December 1990. The number of jobs in
retail trade rose by 74,000 in March, with gains distributed
across its component industries. Eating and drinking
establishments regained the jobs lost as a result of the
extreme winter weather, but their employment growth in
the first quarter was still below normal. Wholesale trade
employment rose slightly (10,000); this industry has added
about 150,000 jobs since September 1992.
The services industry added 223,000 jobs in March, as
many of its weather-sensitive components bounced back.
Business, health, auto repair, and educational services, as
well as amusement and recreation and hotels and other
lodging places, all contributed to this increase. The
average rise in services employment for the first 3 months
of the year (about 100,000) is in line with the trend for
1993. The finance industry added 10,000 jobs in March. In
government, increases were registered at the State and
local level, while the Federal Government continued to
lose jobs.
nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls jumped
1.8 percent to 126.9 (1982=100) in March. The manufacturing index shot up 2.5 percent to 104.0. (See
table B-9.)
Weekly hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls rebounded by 0.4
hour from February's large weather-related decline, to
34.7 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing
workweek not only reversed February's decline but rose
by an additional 0.4 hour, for a total over-the-month gain
of 1.0 hour. The manufacturing workweek and overtime
hours are at post-World War II highs of 42.2 and 4.8
hours, respectively. (See table B-8.)
The index of aggregate hours of private production or
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of private production or nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1
percent in March, after seasonal adjustment. Average
weekly earnings rose by 1.3 percent, reflecting the increase
in the workweek. Before seasonal adjustment, average
hourly earnings slipped 1 cent in March to $11.05, while
average weekly earnings were up $4-08 to $380.12. Over
the year, average hourly earnings increased by 2.4 percent
and average weekly earnings by 3.6 percent. (See tables
B-ll andB-15.)
Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month
Release date
Reference month
Release date
April
May 6
July
August 5
May
June 3
August
September 2
June
July 8
September
October 7
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Summary table A. Major labor force status categories, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
1994
Category
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
Aug.
July
Oct.
Sep..
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Mar.
Feb.
Labor force status
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Percent of population
Unemployed
Not in labor force
192,959
127.440
66.0
118.562
61.4
8.878
65.519
193.126
127.539
66.0
118.585
61.4
8,954
65,587
193,283
128.075
66.3
119.180
61.7
8,895
65.208
193,456
128.056
66.2
119,187
61.6
8.869
65.400
193.793 193.971 194,151 194,321 194,472 195,953 196.090
128.334 128,108 128,580 128,662 128,898 130.667 130,776
66.0
66.2
66.2
66.2
66.3
66.7
66.7
119.692 119.568 119,941 120.332 120,661 121,971 122.258
61.6
61.8
61.8
61.9
62.0
62.2
62.3
8,540
8.642
8,639
8,330
8.237
8.696
8.518
65,863
65.459
65.571
65,659
65.574
65.286
65,314
193.633
128,102
66.2
119.370
61.6
8.732
65.531
196,213
130,580
66.6
122.037
62.2
8,543
65.633
Unemployment rates
All workers
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black
Hispanic origin
7.0
6.7
5.7
19.5
6.1
7.0
6.5
6.0
20.3
6.1
6.9
6.5
5.9
19.8
6.1
135
137
129
11.2
10.5
10.0
6.7
6.3
5.8
17.9
5.8
12.5
10.0
6.7
6.4
5.7
18.4
5.9
12.5
6.8
6.5
5.8
18.4
6.0
12.8
10.8
6.9
6.5
5.9
19.5
6.1
13.3
10.3
9.9
6.7
6.2
5.8
18.9
6.1
11.9
11.4
6.4
5.8
5.7
17.8
5.6
11.5
10.5
6.5
5.9
5.7
18.3
5.6
12.5
10.4
6.7
5.9
6.0
18.4
5.8
13.1
10.6
6.5
6.0
5.7
17.9
5.6
12.9
10.0
6.5
5.8
6.0
17.8
5.7
12.5
10.0
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Summary table B. Employment, hours, and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
1994
Industry
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Nov. I
Oct.
i
I
Dec.
Jan.
| Feb.p
j Mar."
i
Employment
T~
Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
109.565
90.777
23.016
600
4.481
17.935
86,549
5.724
6.103
19.604
6.574
29.756
18.788
109,820
91,020
22,980
600
4,517
17,863
86,840
5,720
6,110
19,648
6,585
29.977
18,800
110,058
91,239
23,006
110,101
91,278
22,941
602
596
4,577
17,827
87.052
5,719
6,125
19,702
6.588
30.099
18.819
4,574
17,771
87,160
5,711
6,110
19,751
6,590
30.175
18.823
110.338
91,497
22,948
595
4,593
17,760
87,390
5,709
6,126
19,790
6,604
30,320
18.841
110,305
91,478
22.903
592
4,593
17,718
87,402
5,690
6.107
19,795
6.602
30,381
18,827
110.502
91.580
22.886
596
4,592
17.698
87,616
5.692
6,117
19,836
6,616
30.433
18,922
110,664 1110,880
91,761
91,976
22.934
22,994
596
595
4.629
4,664
17,709
17.735
87,730
87.886
5.693
5,700
6.122
6.129
19,846
19.853
6,632
6.651
30,534
30,649
18,903
18,904
111,110
92.156
23.008
605
4,665
17.738
88.102
5,697
6,133
19,949
6,660
30,709
18,954
111,079 1111.277 111,733
92,150
92.350
92,772
23,024
23,018
23,101
601
602
598
4,653
4,643
4,717
17.769
17,774
17.786
88.055
88.259
88,632
5.708
5.716
5,737
6.156
6,174
6,184
19,923
19.986
20,060
6,664
6.656
6,675
30,792 | 31.015
30,683
18.927
18.929
18.961
Over-the-month change
Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
255
243
-36
0
36
-72
291
-4
7
44
11
221
12
238
219
26
2
60
-36
212
-1
15
54
3
122
19
43
39
-65
-6
-3
-56
108
-8
-15
49
2
76
4
237
219
7
-1
19
-11
230
-2
16
39
14
145
18
-33
-19
-45
-3
0
-42
12
-19
-19
5
-2
61
-14
197
102
-17
4
-1
-20
214
2
10
41
14
52
95
162
181
48
0
37
11
114
1
5
10
16
101
-19
216
215
60
-1
35
26
156
7
7
7
19
115
1
230
180
14
10
1
3
216
-3
4
96
9
60
50
-31
-6
16
-3
-12
31
-47
11
23
-26
-4
-26
-25
198
200
-6
-1
-10
5
204
8
18
63
8
109
-2
456
422
83
-3
74
12
373
21
10
74
11
223
34
1
Hours of work
Total private
Manufacturing
Overtime
34.2
41.2
4.0
34.4
41.5
34.7
41.4
34.4
41.2
34.5
41.4
34.7
41.4
34.3
41.5
34.5
41.6
34.5
41.7
34.5
41.7
34.8
41.8
34.3
41.2
4.2
4.1
4.0
4.0
4.1
4.1
4.3
4.3
4.4
4.4
4.6
34.7
42.2
4.8
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (1982= 100)1
Total private
Manufacturing .
122.2
101.6
123.1
101.8
124.6
101.4
124.1
101.0
123.6
100.8
124.8
100.9
123.7
100.9
124.9
101.5
125.1
102.0
125.4
102.1
126.3
102.6
124.7
101.5
126.9
104.0
$10.92
7.39
376.74
$10.93
7.39
377.09
$10.95
7.39
377.78
$11.02
7.43
383.50
$11.03
7.42
378.33
$11.04
N.A.
$383.09
Earnings1
Average hourly earnings, total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars2
Average weekly earnings, total private .
1
$10.78
7.40
368.68
$10.77
7.38
370.49
$10.82
7.39
375.45
Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W)
is used to deflate this series.
2
$10.81
7.37
372.95
$10.81
7.38
371.86
I
$10.86
7.39
376.84
$10.86
7.38
372.50
N.A. = not available.
" = preliminary,
Chart 1. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,
1990-94
Thousands
112,000
Thousands
112,000
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
NOTE: Shaded area represents recession.
Chart 2. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 1990-94
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
NOTE: Shaded <
epresents recession. Household data beginning in January 1994 reflect: 1) The
introduction of the results of a major redesign of the Current Population Survey questionnaire and collection
methodology, and 2) the introduction of population cxxitrds based on the 1990 census, adjusted for the
estimated population undercount, and are not directly comparable with data for prior years.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1961 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Year
and
month
Employed
Number
Percent
of
population
Number
Percent
of
population
Agriculture
Unemployed
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
Annual averages
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902
55.4
55.5
55.4
55.7
56.2
56.9
57.3
57.5
58.0
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602
1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979
137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863
82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962
60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7
78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824
57.4
56.6
57.0
57.8
57.8
56.1
56.8
57.9
59.3
59.9
3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347
75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477
4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137
4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8
54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989
167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613
186,393
106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869
63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9
66.5
99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342
59.2
59.0
57.8
57.9
59.5
60.1
60.7
61.5
62.3
63.0
3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169
3,199
95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434
109,232
111,800
114,142
7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528
7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3
60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
62,888
62,944
62,523
188,049
189,765
191,576
193,550
124,787
125,303
126,982
128,040
66.4
66.0
66.3
66.2
117,914
116,877
117,598
119,306
62.7
61.6
61.4
61.6
3,186
3,233
3,207
3,074
114,728
113,644
114,391
116,232
6,874
8,426
9,384
8,734
5.5
6.7
7.4
6.8
63,262
64,462
64,593
65,509
.
. .
.
1990
1991
1992
1993
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1993:
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
192,959
193,126
193,283
193,456
193,633
193,793
193,971
194,151
194,321
194,472
127,440
127,539
128,075
128,056
128,102
128,334
128,108
128,580
128,662
128,898
66.0
66.0
66.3
66.2
66.2
66.2
66.0
66.2
66.2
66.3
118,562
118,585
119,180
119,187
119,370
119,692
119,568
119,941
120,332
120,661
61.4
61.4
61.7
61.6
61.6
61.8
61.6
61.8
61.9
62.0
3,099
3,071
3,074
3,031
3,043
3,005
3,093
3,021
3,114
3,096
115,463
115,514
116,106
116,156
116,327
116,687
116,475
116,920
117,218
117,565
8,878
8,954
8,895
8,869
8,732
8,642
8,540
8,639
8,330
8,237
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.8
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.5
6.4
65,519
65,587
65,208
65,400
65,531
65,459
65,863
65,571
65,659
65,574
1994:
January3
February
March
195,953
196,090
196,213
130,667
130,776
130,580
66.7
66.7
66.6
121,971
122,258
122,037
62.2
62.3
62.2
3,331
3,391
3,426
118,639
118,867
118,611
8,696
8,518
8,543
6.7
6.5
6.5
65,286
65,314
65,633
1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
3
Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years because of the introduction of a major redesign of the Current
10
Population Survey (household survey) questionnaire and collection
methodology and the introduction of 1990 census-based population
controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. For additional information,
see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in
the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1983 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Sex, year,
and month
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Unemployed
Employed
Number
Percent
of
population
Percent
of
population
Number
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
Annual averages
MEN
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989
82,531
83,605
84,469
85,798
86,899
87,857
88,762
63,047
63,835
64,411
65,422
66,207
66,927
67,840
76.4
76.4
76.3
76.3
76.2
76.2
76.4
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892
62,107
63,273
64,315
68.8
70.7
70.9
71.0
71.5
72.0
72.5
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511
2,543
2,493
2,513
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381
59,564
60,780
61,802
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530
4,101
3,655
3,525
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9
6.2
5.5
5.2
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376
20,692
20,930
20,923
1990
1991
1992
1993
89,650
90,552
91,541
92,620
68,234
68,411
69,184
69,633
76.1
75.5
75.6
75.2
64,435
63,593
63,805
64,700
71.9
70.2
69.7
69.9
2,507
2,552
2,534
2,438
61,928
61,041
61,270
62,263
3,799
4,817
5,380
4,932
5.6
7.0
7.8
7.1
21,417
22,141
22,356
22,987
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1993:
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
92,304
92,393
92,479
92,573
92,669
92,749
92,843
92,941
93,033
93,116
69,502
69,514
69,703
69,683
69,730
69,847
69,580
69,820
69,730
69,813
75.3
75.2
75.4
75.3
75.2
75.3
74.9
75.1
75.0
75.0
64,355
64,416
64,687
64,642
64,728
64,904
64,756
64,971
65,144
65,259
69.7
69.7
69.9
69.8
69.8
70.0
69.7
69.9
70.0
70.1
2,451
2,461
2,447
2,398
2,391
2,352
2,455
2,376
2,481
2,461
61,904
61,955
62,240
62,244
62,337
62,552
62,301
62,595
62,663
62,798
5,147
5,098
5,016
5,041
5,002
4,943
4,824
4,849
4,586
4,554
7.4
7.3
7.2
7.2
7.2
7.1
6.9
6.9
6.6
6.5
22,802
22,879
22,776
22,890
22,939
22,902
23,263
23,121
23,303
23,303
1994:
January3
February
March
93,909
93,982
94,042
70,744
70,644
70,529
75.3
75.2
75.0
65,963
65,921
65,940
70.2
70.1
70.1
2,545
2,566
2,601
63,419
63,356
63,339
4,781
4,723
4,589
6.8
6.7
6.5
23,165
23,338
23,513
Annual averages
WOMEN
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
. .
91,684
92,778
93,736
94,789
95,853
96,756
97,630
48,503
49,709
51,050
52,413
53,658
54,742
56,030
52.9
53.6
54.5
55.3
56.0
56.6
57.4
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706
50,334
51,696
53,027
48.0
49.5
50.4
51.4
52.5
53.4
54.3
680
653
644
652
666
676
687
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054
49,668
51,020
52,341
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707
3,324
3,046
3,003
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.6
5.4
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376
42,195
42,014
41,601
98,399
99,214
100,035
100,930
56,554
56,893
57,798
58,407
57.5
57.3
57.8
57.9
53,479
53,284
53,793
54,606
54.3
53.7
53.8
54.1
679
682
673
636
52,800
52,602
53,121
53,970
3,075
3,609
4,005
3,801
5.4
6.3
6.9
6.5
41,845
42,321
42,237
42,522
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1993:
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
100,654
100,733
100,805
100,883
100,965
101,044
101,128
101,210
101,288
101,356
57,938
58,025
58,372
58,373
58,372
58,487
58,528
58,760
58,932
59,085
57.6
57.6
57.9
57.9
57.8
57.9
57.9
58.1
58.2
58.3
54,207
54,169
54,493
54,545
54,642
54,788
54,812
54,970
55,188
55,402
53.9
53.8
54.1
54.1
54.1
54.2
54.2
54.3
54.5
54.7
648
610
627
633
652
653
638
645
633
635
53,559
53,559
53,866
53,912
53,990
54,135
54,174
54,325
54,555
54,767
3,731
3,856
3,879
3,828
3,730
3,699
3,716
3,790
3,744
3,683
6.4
6.6
6.6
6.6
6.4
6.3
6.3
6.4
6.4
6.2
42,716
42,708
42,433
42,510
42,593
42,557
42,600
42,450
42,356
42,271
1994:
January3
February
March
102,044
102,107
102,171
59,923
60,132
60,051
58.7
58.9
58.8
56,007
56,336
56,097
54.9
55.2
54.9
787
825
825
55,221
55,511
55,272
3,916
3,795
3,954
6.5
6.3
6.6
42,121
41,976
42,119
1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes and
Estimates of Error.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
3
Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years
because of the introduction of a major redesign of the Current Population Survey
(household survey) questionnaire and collection methodology and the introduction of
1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. For
additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
11
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-3.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age
1993
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
1994
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
192,959 193,126 193,283 193,456 193,633 193,793 193,971 194,151 194,321 194,472 195,953 196,090 196,213
127,440 127,539 128,075 128,056 128,102 128,334 128,108 128,580 128,662 128,898 130,667 130,776 130,580
66.2
66.2
66.7
66.2
66.0
66.3
66.7
66.6
66.2
66.3
66.0
66.2
66.0
118,562 118,585 119,180 119,187 119,370 119,692 119,568 119,941 120,332 120,661 121,971 122,258 122,037
61.6
61.9
62.2
61.8
61.4
61.7
62.3
62.2
61.8
62.0
61.4
61.6
61.6
8,878 8,954 8,895 8,869 8,732 8,642 8,540 8,639 8,330 8,237 8,696 8,518
8,543
6.9
6.5
6.7
6.7
7.0
6.9
6.5
6.5
6.7
6.4
7.0
6.7
6.8
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
92,304
69,502
75.3
64,355
69.7
2,451
61,904
5,147
7.4
22,802
92,393
69,514
75.2
64,416
69.7
2,461
61,955
5,098
7.3
22,879
92,479
69,703
75.4
64,687
69.9
2,447
62,240
5,016
7.2
22,776
92,573
69,683
75.3
64,642
69.8
2,398
62,244
5,041
7.2
22,890
92,669
69,730
75.2
64,728
69.8
2,391
62,337
5,002
7.2
22,939
92,749
69,847
75.3
64,904
70.0
2,352
62,552
4,943
7.1
22,902
92,843
69,580
74.9
64,756
69.7
2,455
62,301
4,824
6.9
23,263
92,941
69,820
75.1
64,971
69.9
2,376
62,595
4,849
6.9
23,121
93,033
69,730
75.0
65,144
70.0
2,481
62,663
4,586
6.6
23,303
93,116
69,813
75.0
65,259
70.1
2,461
62,798
4,554
6.5
23,303
93,909
70,744
75.3
65,963
70.2
2,545
63,419
4,781
6.8
23,165
93,982
70,644
75.2
65,921
70.1
2,566
63,356
4,723
6.7
23,338
94,042
70,529
75.0
65,940
70.1
2,601
63,339
4,589
6.5
23,513
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
85,664
65,916
76.9
61,498
71.8
2,261
59,237
4,418
6.7
19,748
85,731
65,902
76.9
61,614
71.9
2,273
59,341
4,288
6.5
19,829
85,816
66,134
77.1
61,849
72.1
2,246
59,603
4,285
6.5
19,682
85,872
66,087
77.0
61,805
72.0
2,220
59,585
4,282
6.5
19,785
85,950
66,140
77.0
61,869
72.0
2,235
59,634
4,271
6.5
19,810
86,002
66,221
77.0
62,006
72.1
2,193
59,813
4,215
6.4
19,781
86,075
66,038
76.7
61,901
71.9
2,264
59,637
4,137
6.3
20,037
86,156
66,306
77.0
62,172
72.2
2,223
59,949
4,134
6.2
19,850
86,245
66,198
76.8
62,315
72.3
2,334
59,981
3,883
5.9
20,047
86,373
66,321
76.8
62,444
72.3
2,300
60,144
3,877
5.8
20,052
86,778
66,806
77.0
62,842
72.4
2,352
60,490
3,964
5.9
19,972
86,820
66,764
76.9
62,778
72.3
2,339
60,439
3,986
6.0
20,056
86,901
66,723
76.8
62,857
72.3
2,358
60,499
3,866
5.8
20,178
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
100,654
57,938
57.6
54,207
53.9
648
53,559
3,731
6.4
42,716
100,733
58,025
57.6
54,169
53.8
610
53,559
3,856
6.6
42,708
100,805
58,372
57.9
54,493
54.1
627
53,866
3,879
6.6
42,433
100,883
58,373
57.9
54,545
54.1
633
53,912
3,828
6.6
42,510
100,965
58,372
57.8
54,642
54.1
652
53,990
3,730
6.4
42,593
101,044
58,487
57.9
54,788
54.2
653
54,135
3,699
6.3
42,557
101,128
58,528
57.9
54,812
54.2
638
54,174
3,716
6.3
42,600
101,210
58,760
58.1
54,970
54.3
645
54,325
3,790
6.4
42,450
101,288
58,932
58.2
55,188
54.5
633
54,555
3,744
6.4
42,356
101,356
59,085
58.3
55,402
54.7
635
54,767
3,683
6.2
42,271
102,044
59,923
58.7
56,007
54.9
787
55,221
3,916
6.5
42,121
102,107
60,132
58.9
56,336
55.2
825
55,511
3,795
6.3
41,976
102,171
60,051
58.8
56,097
54.9
825
55,272
3,954
6.6
42,119
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
94,148
54,759
58.2
51,616
54.8
615
51,001
3,143
5.7
39,389
94,214
54,814
58.2
51,533
54.7
584
50,949
3,281
6.0
39,400
94,264
55,016
58.4
51,777
54.9
597
51,180
3,239
5.9
39,248
94,315
55,132
58.5
51,875
55.0
596
51,279
3,257
5.9
39,183
94,425
55,100
58.4
51,901
55.0
616
51,285
3,199
5.8
39,325
94,490
55,249
58.5
52,084
55.1
614
51,470
3,165
5.7
39,241
94,575
55,251
58.4
52,072
55.1
596
51,476
3,179
5.8
39,324
94,656
55,462
58.6
52,243
55.2
601
51,642
3,219
5.8
39,194
94,709
55,621
58.7
52,423
55.4
597
51,826
3,198
5.7
39,088
94,764
55,783
58.9
52,631
55.5
599
52,032
3,152
5.7
38,981
95,109
56,368
59.3
53,014
55.7
744
52,270
3,354
6.0
38,742
95,159
56,611
59.5
53,403
56.1
766
52,638
3,208
5.7
38,548
95,225
56,487
59.3
53,121
55.8
773
52,348
3,366
6.0
38,738
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
13,147 13,181 13,203 13,270 13,258 13,301 13,321 13,339 13,367 13,335 14,066 14,111 14,087
7,370
6,843 6,794
7,493 7,401
6,812
6,765 6,823 6,925 6,837 6,862 6,864 6,819
53.3
52.4
52.3
51.2
50.9
51.2
51.6
52.5
51.5
51.1
51.5
51.8
51.8
5,448 5,438 5,554 5,507 5,600 5,602 5,595 5,526 5,594 5,586 6,115 6,076 6,059
43.1
43.0
41.8
42.0
41.9
43.5
41.4
42.1
42.1
42.2
41.5
41.4
41.3
183
287
295
236
197
197
233
214
231
192
198
215
223
5,389 5,879 5,790 5,764
5,225 5,224 5,323 5,292 5,408 5,404 5,362 5,329 5,411
1,249
1,325
1,311
1,208
1,378
1,286
1,224
1,385
1,262
1,262
1,371
1,330
1,317
18.3
17.8
18.4
17.9
17.8
18.9
17.9
18.4
19.8
18.4
19.5
19.5
20.3
6,573 6,710
6,717
6,382 6,358 6,278 6,433 6,396 6,437 6,502 6,527 6,524 6,541
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in tables A-3
through A-12 will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent
2
12
seasonal adjustment of the various series. Data for 1994 are not directly
comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information,
see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in
the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
1993
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
1994
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
163,543 163,649 163,748 163,857 163,971 164,074 164,190 164,309 164,421 164,516 165,014 165,096 165,168
108,922 108,791 109,234 109,373 109,393 109,646 109,492 110,009 109,804 110,016 110,802 110,934 110,633
67.0
67.2
67.1
66.8
66.7
66.9
67.0
66.8
66.7
66.5
66.6
66.7
66.7
102,251 102,190 102,612 102,721 102,835 103,179 103,094 103,273 103,662 103,807 104,355 104,669 104,314
63.2
63.4
63.2
63.0
62.8
62.9
62.4
62.5
63.1
62.9
62.7
62.7
62.7
6,319
6,447 6,264
6,142
6,398 6,736
6,601
6,671
6,467
6,209
6,558
6,622 6,652
5.7
5.6
5.8
5.6
5.8
6.1
6.1
5.6
6.1
5.9
6.1
6.1
6.0
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
57,036 56,961 57,082 57,135 57,136 57,196 57,097 57,390 57,123 57,280 57,457 57,333 57,258
77.4
77.4
77.7
77.3
77.5
77.5
77.6
77.2
77.4
77.6
77.2
77.5
77.5
53,649 53,698 53,818 53,878 53,840 53,986 53,948 54,144 54,279 54,283 54,438 54,344 54,283
73.3
73.5
73.3
73.4
73.3
73.1
73.2
73.1
73.0
73.0
73.2
73.0
73.1
2,844 2,997
3,149
3,387 3,263 3,264
2,989 2,975
3,019
3,246
3,257 3,296 3,210
5.7
5.7
5.2
5.0
5.7
5.5
5.6
5.8
5.7
5.9
5.2
5.2
5.3
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
46,112 46,042 46,291 46,458 46,446 46,586 46,544 46,710 46,768 46,872 47,025 47,281 47,085
58.4
59.0
59.3
59.0
58.7
58.6
58.5
58.5
58.3
58.4
58.2
57.9
58.0
43,773 43,666 43,916 44,008 44,093 44,263 44,207 44,223 44,392 44,554 44,631 45,002 44,724
55.8
55.4
55.4
55.5
55.4
55.3
55.2
54.9
55.1
56.4
56.0
55.6
56.0
2,376 2,375 2,450 2,353 2,323 2,337 2,487 2,376 2,318 2,393 2,279 2,360
2,339
5.0
5.0
4.9
5.3
5.3
5.1
5.2
5.1
4.8
5.1
5.1
5.1
5.0
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
5,774
54.8
4,829
45.8
945
16.4
17.1
15.5
5,788
54.9
4,826
45.8
962
16.6
18.5
14.5
5,861
55.5
4,878
46.2
983
16.8
17.2
16.3
5,780
54.7
4,835
45.8
945
16.3
18.4
14.0
5,811
54.9
4,902
46.3
909
15.6
17.7
13.4
5,864
55.3
4,930
46.5
934
15.9
17.7
14.0
5,851
55.1
4,939
46.5
912
15.6
16.8
14.3
5,909
55.6
4,906
46.2
1,003
17.0
17.9
16.0
5,913
55.6
4,991
46.9
922
15.6
17.7
13.3
5,864
55.1
4,970
46.7
894
15.2
16.9
13.4
6,321
56.5
5,286
47.3
1,034
16.4
18.5
14.0
6,319
56.4
5,323
47.5
996
15.8
16.7
14.7
6,290
56.1
5,306
47.3
984
15.6
16.7
14.6
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
22,217 22,249 22,280 22,313 22,346 22,375 22,408 22,442 22,475 22,504 22,723 22,751 22,774
13,862 13,868 13,944 13,922 13,920 13,969 13,952 13,945 14,057 14,011 14,368 14,487 14,573
62.4
62.3
62.4
62.4
62.6
62.3
63.7
62.3
62.5
62.1
62.3
64.0
63.2
11,991 11,965 12,140 12,076 12,134 12,225 12,202 12,292 12,297 12,397 12,482 12,624 12,749
56.0
55.5
54.9
54.0
54.7
54.5
54.6
54.3
54.1
54.5
53.8
55.1
54.8
1,824
1,887
1,863
1,871
1,760
1,750
1,744
1,786
1,846
1,804
1,903
1,614
1,653
12.5
12.9
13.1
13.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.8
13.3
12.9
13.7
11.5
11.9
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
6,489
72.2
5,644
62.8
845
13.0
6,416
71.3
5,599
62.2
817
12.7
6,486
72.0
5,695
63.2
791
12.2
6,492
71.9
5,677
62.9
815
12.6
6,509
72.0
5,742
63.5
767
11.8
6,552
72.4
5,764
63.7
788
12.0
6,507
71.8
5,717
63.1
790
12.1
6,482
71.5
5,770
63.6
712
11.0
6,529
71.8
5,725
63.0
804
12.3
6,469
70.9
5,787
63.5
682
10.5
6,563
72.1
5,753
63.2
810
12.3
6,697
73.4
5,884
64.5
813
12.1
6,633
72.7
5,953
65.2
679
10.2
6,605
59.2
5,904
53.0
701
10.6
6,655
59.6
5,930
53.1
725
10.9
6,641
59.4
5,951
53.2
690
10.4
6,658
59.5
5,948
53.1
710
10.7
6,605
58.9
5,879
52.5
726
11.0
6,644
59.2
5,947
53.0
697
10.5
6,686
59.5
6,001
53.4
685
10.2
6,731
59.8
6,059
53.9
672
10.0
6,766
60.1
6,111
54.2
655
9.7
6,801
60.3
6,143
54.5
658
9.7
6,917
60.5
6,121
53.6
796
11.5
6,993
61.1
6,224
54.4
769
11.0
7,117
62.2
6,253
54.6
865
12.1
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2.......
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
13
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
1993
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
1994
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
768
36.8
443
21.2
325
42.3
44.1
40.1
797
38.2
436
20.9
361
45.3
46.8
43.2
817
39.1
494
23.6
323
39.5
40.2
38.7
772
36.9
451
21.6
321
41.6
38.8
44.8
806
38.5
513
24.5
293
36.4
37.9
34.7
773
36.8
514
24.5
259
33.5
34.9
32.0
759
35.9
484
22.9
275
36.2
39.7
32.3
732
34.5
463
21.8
269
36.7
40.6
32.8
762
35.9
461
21.7
301
39.5
39.2
39.7
741
35.2
467
22.2
274
37.0
38.8
35.2
889
40.5
607
27.7
281
31.7
38.1
25.5
796
36.3
515
23.5
281
35.3
40.1
30.5
823
37.5
543
24.7
280
34.0
37.5
30.2
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
15,585 15,635 15,681 15,729 15,777 15,824 15,871 15,917 15,967 16,014 17,849 17,896 17,942
10,311 10,232 10,247 10,285 10,375 10,331 10,433 10,586 10,575 10,625 11,746 11,835 11,871
66.2
66.1
65.8
66.3
66.2
66.5
65.7
65.3
65.8
65.4
65.3
65.4
66.2
9,394 9,384 9,476 9,513 10,495 10,650 10,680
9,226 9,221
9,154
9,250 9,311
9,152
59.5
59.5
58.8
59.0
59.2
58.8
58.6
58.8
59.4
59.3
58.6
58.5
58.7
1,190
1,185
1,251
1,202
1,039
1,020
1,064
1,112
1,099
1,125
1,021
1,078
1,159
10.0
10.0
10.6
11.4
10.0
10.5
10.4
9.9
10.8
10.3
10.0
10.5
11.2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum
to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Data
2
14
for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and
Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Full- and part-time status, sex,
and age
1993
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
98,254
57,523
56,501
40,730
39,975
1,778
98,198
57,452
56,467
40,691
39,959
1,772
July
1994
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
98,716
57,742
56,711
40,920
40,204
1,801
98,690
57,833
56,718
40,953
40,066
1,906
98,945
57,876
56,770
41,085
40,334
1,841
99,373
58,115
57,032
41,284
40,511
1,830
99,595
58,265
57,156
41,386
40,632
1,807
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
98,574
57,971
56,942
40,601
39,816
1,817
98,488
58,395
57,380
40,083
39,312
1,795
EMPLOYED
97,940
57,714
56,657
40,291
39,496
1,787
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
97,945
57,384
56,351
40,570
39,832
1,762
Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
20,629 20,533 20,884 21,051 21,092 21,073 20,867 20,997 20,961 21,060 23,932 23,641 23,539
6,971 6,972 7,100 7,169 7,091 7,139 7,009 7,156 7,069 7,035 8,214 7,928 7,536
5,208 5,328 5,349 5,251 5,315 5,236 5,392 5,283 5,268 6,148 5,839 5,500
5,152
13,645 13,563 13,757 13,849 13,954 13,898 13,897 13,886 13,900 14,056 15,720 15,724 16,004
11,813 11,748 11,804 11,914 11,912 11,875 11,921 11,909 11,916 12,039 13,5231 13,574 13,802
3,664 3,577 3,752 3,788 3,929 3,883 3,710 3,696 3,762 3,753 4,260 4,228 4,237
97,940
57,358
56,371
40,549
39,788
1,781
98,359
57,599
56,624
40,632
39,954
1,781
UNEMPLOYED
Looking for full-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
7,266
4,472
4,091
2,829
2,552
623
7,279
4,380
4,008
2,881
2,636
635
7,275
4,347
4,012
2,899
2,624
639
7,260
4,299
3,985
2,939
2,688
587
7,231
4,352
4,013
2,892
2,595
623
7,109
4,275
3,949
2,804
2,561
599
6,964
4,138
3,851
2,841
2,613
500
7,044
4,193
3,868
2,809
2,590
586
6,707
3,978
3,581
2,786
2,542
584
6,760
3,963
3,651
2,787
2,568
541
7,160
4,205
3,767
2,966
2,749
644
7,008
4,070
3,677
2,950
2,710
621
6,956
3,803
3,526
3,091
2,835
595
Looking for part-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
1,600
668
286
927
609
705
1,699
685
269
995
671
759
1,544
621
252
912
565
727
1,621
753
300
871
568
753
1,522
614
253
908
621
648
1,547
648
274
900
608
665
1,557
671
292
881
567
698
1,623
652
270
1,016
651
702
1,565
616
259
957
643
663
1,489
606
254
868
575
660
1,581
681
276
890
580
726
1,488
645
280
855
502
706
1,595
701
314
891
552
728
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
6.9
7.2
6.8
6.5
6.0
26.1
6.9
7.1
6.6
6.6
6.2
26.3
6.9
7.0
6.6
6.6
6.2
26.4
6.9
7.0
6.6
6.7
6.3
24.9
6.8
7.0
6.6
6.6
6.1
25.9
6.7
6.9
6.5
6.4
6.0
25.0
6.6
6.7
6.4
6.5
6.1
20.8
6.6
6.8
6.4
6.4
6.0
24.1
6.3
6.4
5.9
6.3
5.9
24.2
6.4
6.4
6.0
6.3
5.9
23.0
6.8
6.8
6.2
6.9
6.5
26.5
6.6
6.6
6.1
6.8
6.4
25.5
6.6
6.1
5.8
7.2
6.7
24.9
Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
7.2
8.7
5.3
6.4
4.9
16.1
7.6
8.9
4.9
6.8
5.4
17.5
6.9
8.0
4.5
6.2
4.6
16.2
7.1
9.5
5.3
5.9
4.6
16.6
6.7
8.0
4.6
6.1
5.0
14.2
6.8
8.3
4.9
6.1
4.9
14.6
6.9
8.7
5.3
6.0
4.5
15.8
7.2
8.4
4.8
6.8
5.2
16.0
6.9
8.0
4.7
6.4
5.1
15.0
6.6
7.9
4.6
5.8
4.6
15.0
6.2
7.7
4.3
5.4
4.1
14.6
5.9
7.5
4.6
5.2
3.6
14.3
6.3
8.5
5.4
5.3
3.8
14.7
UNEMPLOYMENT RATES1
1
These rates reflect a refined definition of the full- and part-time labor
force and differ from the rates published elsewhere in this publication
prior to 1994.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
15
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1993
1994
Category
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec,
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
MARITAL STATUS
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
118,562 118,585 119,180 119,187 119,370 119,692 119,568 119,941 120,332 120,661 121,971 122,258 122,037
40,862 40,935 41,057 40,958 40,877 40,792 40,826 40,816 40,842 40,951 41,483 41,328 41,331
30,583 30,194 30,393 30,340 30,322 30,536 30,509 30,641 30,872 31,051 31,579 31,709 31,310
6,760 6,923 6,804
6,840
6,833 6,784 6,704
7,133
6,772
6,806
6,693 6,796
7,369
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
32,204 31,701
32,056 32,180 32,370 32,476 32,538 32,635 32,739 32,764 33,008 33,122 33,152
36,438
16,432
12,999
17,136
3,385
36,526
16,483
13,141
17,173
3,310
36,764
16,571
13,301
17,076
3,348
36,844
16,515
13,401
16,896
3,299
37,171
16,466
13,280
16,859
3,286
36,902
16,470
13,726
16,892
3,262
36,832
16,547
13,487
16,968
3,319
36,965
16,599
13,430
16,996
3,287
36,974
16,688
13,597
16,958
3,389
1,592
1,384
126
1,630
1,333
107
1,604
1,365
111
1,602
1,336
103
1,626
1,323
93
1,566
1,312
110
1,667
1,319
90
1,657
1,274
97
1,719
1,311
89
106,415
87,898
1,127
86,771
18,517
8,842
208
106,235
87,711
1,108
86,603
18,524
8,971
233
106,751
88,174
1,095
87,079
18,577
9,180
197
106,887
88,334
1,059
87,275
18,553
9,102
150
107,057
88,622
1,081
87,541
18,435
9,093
203
107,370
88,843
1,128
87,715
18,527
9,026
245
107,331
88,824
1,123
87,701
18,507
8,949
250
107,727
89,251
1,179
88,072
18,476
8,961
229
107,975
89,482
1,103
88,379
18,493
9,011
223
37,243 37,411
16,734 16,796
13,445 13,494
17,209 17,685
3,325 3,598
37,191
17,087
13,644
17,645
3,693
37,060
17,111
13,551
17,581
3,651
1,677
1,633
55
1,719
1,661
41
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Government
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
1,724
1,269
92
1,641
1,590
78
108,247 109,526 109,547 109,365
89,744 91,364 91,395 90,883
1,104
928
1,074
1,035
88,640 90,436 90,321 89,849
18,503 18,163 18,152 18,481
9,146
9,053
8,990
9,312
217
142
143
117
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons
6,248
3,083
2,863
14,908
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons
6,189
6,219
6,213
6,192
6,029
3,012
3,220 2,920
2,926 2,966
2,879 2,888 2,770 2,931
2,789
14,446 14,293 14,657 14,847 14,707
6,394
6,202
6,490
6,469
6,435 6,451
6,405
3,072
3,144
3,185
3,378 3,099 3,202 3,167
2,937
2,872
2,966
2,986
2,842 2,986 2,935
14,663 15,083 15,272 15,121 15,216 15,182 15,201
1
Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their
jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or
industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who
usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week
for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather.
16
6,216
3,049
2,856
14,814
6,173
5,957
3,006 2,927
2,879
2,773
14,757 14,788
6,126
6,217
5,167
4,643 4,992
3,037 3,099
2,561
2,301
2,538
2,171
2,028 2,138
2,810
2,828
15,290 15,373 17,744 17,674 17,519
5,904
2,905
2,719
14,858
5,934
2,922
2,739
14,909
4,842 4,384 4,762
2,439 2,169
2,411
2,075
1,944
2,089
17,056 17,081 16,893
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994
1993
Age and sex
Mar.
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Apr.
May i June
July
Aug.
Sept. j Oct. i Nov. i Dec.
Jan.
| Feb.
Mar.
1118,562 j 118.5851119,180 119,187 119,370 119,692 119,5681119,941 j 120,332! 120,661 121,971 122,2581122,037
17,629 17,545 17,750 17,712 17,752 17,688 17,679 17,648
5,438
5,507
5,448
5,554
5,600
5,602
5,595
5,526
2,056
2,082
2,069
2,196
2,153
2,185
2,193
2,162
3,386
3,394
3,379
3,372
3,425
3,410
3,412
3,375
12,181 12,107 12,196 12,205| 12,152 12,086 12,084 12,122
100,939 100,945 101,443 101,516 101,608 102,006 101,899 j 102,310
86,311 86,307 86,630 86,731 86,947 87,2041 87,275| 87,479
14,649 14,6001 14,733 14,760 14,587 14,8301 14,612| 14,787
64,355
64,416
64,687 64,642 64,728
17,663 17,709 18,637
18,723
5,586
6,115
6,0761 6,059
5,594
2,194! 2,240
2,435
2,351 j 2,363
3,350
3,406
3,657
3,7061 3,674
12,069 12,123 12,522 12,822 12,664
102,665 102,976 103,312 103,402 103,352
87,968 88,197 88,308 88,582 88,750
14,806 14,831 15,036 14,862 14,614
64,904 64,756 64,971! 65,144 65,259 65,963 65,921
65,940
9,184
9,244
9,101
9,185
9,199
2,857
2,838
2,837
2,859
2,802
1,117
1,080
1,109
1,112
1,063
1,742
1,753
1,745
1,720
1,729
6,347
6,387
6,347
6,340
6,299
55,100 55,242 55,503 55,484 55,538
46,813 47,003 47,158 47,178 47,321
8,276
8,293
8,284
8,226
8,187
9,711
9,754
9,171
9,939
9,245
9,182
9,179
9,165
2,898
2,855
2,829
2,815
3,083
2,799
3,121
3,143
1,130
1,120
1,106
1,133
1,152
1,220
1,197
1,205
1,743
1,705
1,670
1,925
1,745
1,701
1,886
1,876
6,347
6,327
6,342
6,590
6,795
6,380
6,350
6,671
55,667 55,581 55,823 55,970 56,089 56,244 56,035 56,203
47,366 47,386 47,496 47,791 47,860 47,944 47,943 48,173
8,288
8,199
8,318
8,241
8,333
8,115
8,253
8.036
54,207
54,788
54,169
54,493
54,545
54,642
54,812
54,970
55,188J 55,402 56,0071 56,336 56.097
8,444
8,385
8,565
8,553
8,443
8,544
8,528
8,497
8,469
8,926
8,492
2,591
2,636
2,716
2,741
2,704
2,727
2,994
2,670
2,771
2,765
2,740
993
1,079
1,041
960
1,002
1,055
1,073
1,056
1,088
1,061
|
1,641
1,626
1,652
1,696
1,667
1,667
1,674
1,701
1,652
1,680
1,771 i
5,794
5,808
5,849
5,858
5,812
5,757
5,742
5,773
5,727
5,932
5,739
45,839 45,703 45,940 46,032 46,070 46,339 46,318 46,487 46,695 46,887 47,069
39,498 39,304 39,472 39,553 39,626 39,838 39,889 39,983 40.177 40,337 40,3641
6,374
6,703 j
6,373
6,440
6,476
6,400
6,542
6,413
6,578
6,469
6,565
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
8,970
8,959
2,933! 2,976
1.147J 1,167
1,7811 1,799
6,026 j 5,993
47,3671 47,149
40,640 40,578
6,747
6,578
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
A-8. Unemployed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994
1993
Age and sex
Mar.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Apr.
May
I
June
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
8,878
8,954
8,895
8,869
8,732
8,642)
8,540!
8,639
8,330
8,237
8,696
8,518
8,543
2,778
1,317
641
677
1,461
6,070
5,428
653
2,834
1,385
597
793
1,449
6,101
5,424
640
2,899
1,371
591
791
1,528
5,977
5,311
652
2,747
1,330
628
717
1,417
6,140
5,457
651
2,683
1,262
551
707
1,421
6,040
5,395
651
2,695
1,262
547
706
1,433
5,942
5.270J
662
2,574
1,224
519
694
1,350
5,978
5,273
721
2,616
1,286
566
724
1,330
6,016
5,369
699
2,568
1,249
566
687
1,319
5,124
649
2,480
1,208
527
689
1,272
5,750
5,106
657
2,922
1,378
654
700
1,544
5,857
5,107
723
2,753
1,325
656
668
1.428
5,738
5,075
670
2,855
1,311
586
725
1,543
5,680
4,993
700
5,147
5,098
5,016
5,041
5,002
4,943
4,824
4,849
4,586
4,554
4,781
4,723
4,589
1,562
729
347
387
833
3,552
3,127
420
1,634
810
336
478
824
3,461
3,042
393
1,608
731
331
411
877
3,390
2,972
410
1,572
759
384
392
813
3,461
3,070
379
1,535
731
321
409
804
3,458
3,039
410
1,567
728
314
409
839
3,374
2,948
425
1,463
687
286
389
776
3,360
2,911
462
1,475
715
312
404
760
3,365
2,961
417
1,438
703
314
388
735
3,141
2,755
391
1,389
677
286
390
712
3,171
2,774
411
1,670
816
384
418
854
3,194
2,787
408
1,530
737
338
397
793
3,169
2,782
401
1,559
723
341
386
835
3,010
2,625
385
3,731
3,856
3,879
3,828
3,730
3,699
3,716
3,790
3,744
3,683
3,916
3,795
3,954
1,216
588
294
290
628
2,518
2,301
233
1,200
575
261
315
625
2,640
2,382
247
1,291
640
260
380
651
2,587
2,339
242
1,175
571
244
325
604
2,679
2,387
272
1,148
531
230
298
617
2,582
2,356
241
1,128
534
233
297
594
2,568
2,322
237
1,111
537
233
305
574
2,618
2,362
259
1,141
571
254
320
570
2,651
2,408
282
1,130
546
252
299
584
2,606
2,369
258
1,091
531
241
299
560
2,579
2,332
246
1,252
562
271
283
690
2,664
2,320
315
1,223
588
318
272
635
2,568
2,293
269
1,296
588
245
339
708
2,670
2,369
316
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
July
5,7471
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
17
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Unemployment rates by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
1993
1994
Age and sex
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.8
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.5
6.4
6.7
6.5
6.5
13.6
19.5
23.7
16.7
13.9
20.3
22.5
14.0
19.8
21.2
13.4
12.9
18.9
20.7
12.7
12.3
13.2
17.8
16.9
17.7
19.0
17.1
13.6
18.4
21.2
16.1
12.7
18.3
20.5
16.8
17.8
19.0
13.2
18.4
20.0
17.2
12.7
17.9
19.1
19.0
10.7
5.7
5.9
4.2
13.1
18.4
20.4
17.1
10.5
5.6
5.8
4.3
10.6
5.5
5.7
4.3
10.0
5.5
5.7
4.7
9.9
5.6
5.8
4.5
9.9
5.3
5.5
4.2
9.5
5.3
5.5
4.2
11.0
5.4
5.5
4.6
10.7
5.7
5.9
4.3
19.5
23.2
17.4
10.4
5.7
21.8
19.9
15.3
10.0
5.3
5.4
4.3
16.5
10.9
5.2
5.3
4.6
5.9
4.2
11.1
5.6
5.8
4.2
7.4
7.3
7.2
7.2
7.2
7.1
6.9
6.9
6.6
6.5
6.8
6.7
6.5
14.5
20.3
15.2
22.4
24.0
14.6
21.1
26.2
18.4
11.4
14.3
20.4
22.4
19.1
11.3
13.8
20.3
22.0
19.2
13.2
19.4
14.7
20.7
13.3
19.0
23.9
21.9
6.1
4.6
5.9
4.7
6.1
4.4
18.1
11.5
5.4
5.5
4.7
17.1
5.9
6.0
4.8
19.9
18.9
10.1
5.4
5.5
4.7
13.8
19.0
22.2
17.1
5.9
14.5
20.1
21.7
19.0
11.7
5.7
13.7
5.9
14.9
20.5
22.9
19.3
12.1
5.8
10.5
5.4
5.5
4.7
11.1
5.1
5.2
4.6
6.6
6.6
6.6
12.4
13.1
19.1
12.1
17.6
19.6
23.8
18.1
11.5
6.1
6.3
4.8
6.4
12.7
18.5
23.4
15.1
9.8
5.2
5.5
3.5
21.5
11.6
17.9
20.8
16.1
9.7
5.5
5.7
3.7
19.4
18.7
10.0
5.3
5.6
3.6
16.4
9.3
5.5
5.7
4.0
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
18
17.9
10.6
5.7
5.9
4.9
10.9
5.7
5.8
5.3
5.9
4.8
13.6
19.9
21.7
18.5
10.4
5.3
5.5
4.5
6.4
6.3
6.3
6.4
6.4
6.2
6.5
6.3
6.6
11.8
16.2
18.1
14.9
11.8
11.6
16.4
18.1
15.1
16.0
11.7
16.5
19.2
14.9
9.4
5.3
5.5
3.5
9.0
5.4
5.7
4.2
9.3
5.3
5.6
3.8
11.3
16.1
18.1
15.1
8.8
5.2
5.5
3.6
12.3
15.8
18.2
13.8
10.4
5.4
5.4
4.5
12.0
16.7
21.7
13.2
9.6
5.3
5.6
3.6
17.8
15.5
9.1
5.3
5.6
11.9
17.3
19.4
12.6
16.5
19.4
20.3
18.2
3.9
9.5
5.1
5.3
3.8
16.5
17.4
15.8
10.6
5.4
5.5
4.6
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics, seasonally adjusted
1994
1993
Category
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
7.0
6.7
5.7
19.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
20.3
6.9
6.5
5.9
19.8
6.9
6.5
5.9
19.5
6.8
6.5
5.8
18.4
6.7
6.4
5.7
18.4
6.7
6.3
5.8
17.9
6.7
6.2
5.8
18.9
6.5
5.9
5.7
18.3
6.4
5.8
5.7
17.8
6.7
5.9
6.0
18.4
6.5
6.0
5.7
17.9
6.5
5.8
6.0
17.8
61
12.0
13.5
11.2
61
12.4
13.7
10.5
61
11.8
12.9
10.0
61
12.0
13.3
10.3
60
11.6
12.8
10.8
5.9
11.5
12.5
9.9
5.8
11.4
12.5
10.0
6.1
10.9
11.9
11.4
5.6
11.3
12.5
10.4
5.6
10.7
11.5
10.5
5.8
11.6
13.1
10.6
5.6
11.3
12.9
10.0
5.7
11.3
12.5
10.0
4.7
4.4
9.0
4.5
4.8
9.6
4.5
4.5
9.8
4.4
4.7
9.7
4.5
4.7
9.6
4.4
4.5
9.0
4.2
4.6
9.0
4.4
4.8
9.3
4.0
4.4
9.0
3.9
4.3
10.2
4.1
4.4
9.4
4.3
43
9.7
4.1
44
9.6
3.1
5.2
8.3
10.3
8.4
3.0
5.4
8.5
9.8
8.6
3.0
5.3
8.0
10.0
7.7
2.8
5.7
8.3
10.0
7.8
2.7
5.3
8.6
10.2
8.1
2.8
5.3
7.5
10.4
7.5
2.8
5.3
7.6
10.1
7.7
2.8
5.3
7.9
9.8
8.1
2.9
5.2
6.7
9.2
7.8
2.8
5.1
7.4
9.1
8.7
2.9
5.4
7.0
10.0
8.4
2.9
5.4
6.8
9.5
8.8
2.7
5.7
7.2
8.8
10.3
7.2
9.0
6.1
15.3
7.3
7.2
7.6
6.5
4.9
7.9
4.3
6.1
3.5
11.8
7.2
8.9
8.2
14.7
7.3
7.3
7.3
6.5
5.1
8.1
4.3
6.1
3.4
11.8
7.2
9.0
10.7
15.2
7.2
7.1
7.3
6.5
5.4
8.1
4.0
5.9
3.1
10.8
7.1
9.0
6.8
15.1
7.3
7.4
7.1
6.4
4.5
7.9
4.5
61
3.4
11.8
7.0
9.2
5.9
15.7
7.3
7.0
78
6.2
4.9
7.5
3.9
60
3.4
11.5
7.0
8.9
7.2
14.7
7.3
7.2
74
6.2
5.4
7.6
4.2
57
3.3
12.1
6.9
8.8
7.5
14.1
7.2
7.3
7.2
6.2
5.3
7.5
4.0
59
2.8
10.4
6.9
84
6.5
13.7
6.9
6.9
69
6.3
5.5
7.9
3.7
59
31
11.8
6.7
8.0
7.2
12.2
6.7
6.5
7.0
6.2
5.2
7.7
3.7
59
3.0
10.3
6.6
7.9
6.9
12.7
6.5
6.3
68
6.2
5.1
7.4
3.7
59
3.1
11.3
7.0
78
5.1
13.9
6.1
5.3
73
6.7
5.5
8.1
3.7
66
38
13.6
6.8
76
4.0
13.3
6.1
5.5
71
6.5
5.2
8.0
3.6
63
32
143
6.8
77
5.5
13.5
6.1
5.7
68
64
4.7
7.9
2.9
65
39
138
CHARACTERISTIC
Total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes 16 to 19 years
White . . . .
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin
Married men spouse present
Married women spouse present
Women who maintain families
OCCUPATION1
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical sales and administrative support
Precision production craft and repair
Operators fabricators and laborers
Farming forestry and fishing
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction . .
Manufacturing . . . .
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not available
because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or
irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient
precision.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
19
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
1994
Reasons for unemployment
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
4,856
1,096
3,760
1,061
2,059
922
4,862
1,068
3,794
990
2,187
920
4,752
1,144
3,608
960
2,237
890
4,845
1,131
3,714
940
2,201
894
4,872
1,183
3,689
915
2,117
870
4,864
1,190
3,674
882
2,081
834
4,699
1,112
3,587
926
2,075
843
4,779 4,444 4,442 4,442 4,185 4,037
963 1,060 1,196 1,109
1,216
983
3,563 3,481 3,382 3,246 3,075 3,054
932
960
957
873
888
762
2,084 2,084 2,018 2,831 2,898 3,054
797
833
839
643
641
651
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
. . .
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100 0 100 0 100 0
54.6 54.3 53.8 54.6 55.5 56.2 55.0 55.2 53.4 54.2 51.1 48.6 46.9
12.3 11.9 12.9 12.7 13.5 13.7 13.0 14.0 11.6 12.9 13.8 12.9 11.4
42.3 42.3 40.8 41.8 42.0 42.4 42.0 41.1 41.8 41.3 37.4 35.7 35.5
8.8 10.3 10.1
11.9 11.1 10.9 10.6 10.4 10.2 10.8 11.1 11.5 11.4
23.1 24.4 25.3 24.8 24.1 24.0 24.3 24.1 25.0 24 6 32 6 33 7 35 5
9.9
10.4 10.3 10.1 10.1
9.7
9.7 10.0
9.6
7.5
9.9
7.5
7.4
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
3.8
8
1.7
.7
3.8
8
1.6
.7
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
3.8
.7
1.7
.7
3.8
7
17
.7
3.7
7
17
.7
3.8
7
1.6
.6
3.7
7
16
.7
3.7
7
16
.7
3.5
7
16
.6
3.4
7
16
.6
3.4
6
22
.5
3.2
7
22
5
3.1
7
23
5
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1994
1993
Duration
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
3,148
2,583
3,110
1,275
1,835
3,309
2,537
2,986
1,311
1,675
3,242
2,526
3,046
1,270
1,776
3,232
2,758
3,025
1,257
1,768
3,223
2,543
3,007
1,258
1,749
3,046
2,608
3,000
1,259
1,741
3,052
2,457
3,047
1,297
1,750
3,156
2,491
3,030
1,284
1,746
2,946
2,401
2,971
1,216
1,755
3,063
2,247
2,864
1,150
1,714
3,349
2,336
3,027
1,314
1,713
2,574
2,727
3,103
1,359
1,744
2,758
2,549
3,110
1,264
1,847
17.7
8.4
17.7
8.5
17.8
8.3
17.8
8.3
17.9
8.3
18.3
8.4
18.4
8.9
18.4
8.3
18.9
8.5
18.2
8.2
18.3
8.5
18.7
9.0
19.2
9.1
100.0
35.6
29.2
35.2
14.4
20.8
100.0
37.5
28.7
33.8
14.8
19.0
100.0
36.8
-28.7
34.6
14.4
20.1
100.0
35.9
30.6
33.6
13.9
19.6
100.0
36.7
29.0
34.3
14.3
19.9
100.0
35.2
30.1
34.7
14.5
20.1
100.0
35.7
28.7
35.6
15.2
20.5
100.0
36.4
28.7
34.9
14.8
20.1
100.0
35.4
28.9
35.7
14.6
21.1
100.0
37.5
27.5
35.0
14.1
21.0
100.0
38.4
26.8
34.7
15.1
19.7
100.0
30.6
32.5
36.9
16.2
20.8
100.0
32.8
30.3
37.0
15.0
21.9
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
.
. .
Average (mean) duration in weeks
Median duration in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemDloved
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
....
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
20
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1994
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Employed
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Total
196,213
14,087
7,181
6,906
18,367
112,261
41,578
19,365
22,213
41,237
21,783
19,454
29,446
16,507
12,940
20,611
10,748
9,863
30,886
9,736
8,473
12,677
129,718
6,765
2,611
4,154
13,864
93,685
34,562
16,107
18,455
35,037
18,315
16,722
24,086
13,885
10,201
11,657
7,277
4,380
3,747
2,044
974
729
66.1
48.0
36.4
60.1
75.5
83.5
83.1
83.2
83.1
85.0
84.1
86.0
81.8
84.1
78.8
56.6
67.7
44.4
12.1
21.0
11.5
5.7
94,042
7,142
3,696
3,446
9,061
55,200
20,544
9,538
11,006
20,264
10,707
9,557
14,392
8,097
6,295
9,791
5,140
4,651
12,849
4,373
3,680
4,796
70,000
3,487
1,355
2,132
7,336
50,706
19,017
8,800
10,217
18,842
9,973
8,869
12,847
7,362
5,485
6,355
3,977
2,378
2,117
1,129
548
440
102,171
6,946
3,485
3,461
9,306
57,061
21,034
9,827
11,207
20,972
11,075
9,897
15,054
8,410
6,644
10,820
5,608
5,212
18,038
5,363
4,793
7,881
59,718
3,278
1,256
2,022
6,528
42,979
15,545
7,307
8,238
16,195
8,342
7,853
11,240
6,524
4,716
5,302
3,300
2,002
1,630
915
426
289
Percent
of
population
Unemployed
Not
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
61.6
39.0
28.7
49.8
67.4
78.7
77.3
77.1
77.5
80.3
78.9
81.8
78.3
80.5
75.5
53.7
64.6
41.8
11.7
20.3
10.8
5.6
3,086
209
101
108
267
1,926
715
357
358
726
400
326
485
258
227
352
196
157
331
153
97
81
117,758
5,290
1,957
3,333
12,110
86,373
31,427
14,577
16,850
32,373
16,787
15,587
22,573
13,035
9,538
10,712
6,750
3,962
3,273
1,828
819
626
8,874
1,266
552
714
1,486
5,386
2,420
1,172
1,247
1,938
1,128
810
1,029
592
437
593
331
262
143
63
58
21
6.8
18.7
21.2
17.2
10.7
5.7
7.0
7.3
6.8
5.5
6.2
4.8
4.3
4.3
4.3
5.1
4.6
6.0
3.8
3.1
6.0
2.9
66,495
7,322
4,570
2,752
4,504
18,576
7,016
3,258
3,758
6,200
3,468
2,732
5,360
2,621
2,739
8,954
3,471
5,483
27,139
7,693
7,499
11,948
64,936
2,756
1,015
1,742
6,452
47,686
17,662
8,139
9,523
17,736
9,356
8,379
12,288
7,048
5,241
6,011
3,776
2,235
2,031
1,090
512
429
69.1
38.6
27.5
50.5
71.2
86.4
86.0
85.3
86.5
87.5
87.4
87.7
85.4
87.0
83.2
61.4
73.5
48.1
15.8
24.9
13.9
8.9
2,334
169
78
91
222
1,434
570
282
287
551
301
250
313
170
144
252
138
114
256
121
68
67
62,603
2,587
936
1,651
6,230
46,251
17,092
7,857
9,235
17,184
9,055
8,129
11,975
6,878
5,097
5,759
3,638
2,121
1,775
969
444
362
5,064
730
340
390
884
3,020
1,355
661
694
1,107
617
490
559
314
245
343
201
143
86
39
36
11
7.2
20.9
25.1
18.3
12.0
6.0
7.1
7.5
6.8
5.9
6.2
5.5
4.3
4.3
4.5
5.4
5.1
6.0
4.1
3.5
6.5
2.5
24,042
3,655
2,341
1,314
1,725
4,494
1,527
738
789
1,422
735
688
1,545
735
810
3,436
1,163
2,273
10,732
3,244
3,132
4,356
55,907
2,742
1,044
1,699
5,925
40,613
14,480
6,795
7,685
15,364
7,831
7,533
10,770
6,246
4,524
5,053
3,170
1,883
1,573
891
404
279
54.7
39.5
30.0
49.1
63.7
71.2
68.8
69.2
68.6
73.3
70.7
76.1
71.5
74.3
68.1
46.7
56.5
36.1
8.7
16.6
8.4
3.5
752
40
23
17
45
492
145
75
70
175
99
76
172
89
83
100
58
42
75
32
29
15
55,155
2,702
1,021
1,682
5,880
40,122
14,335
6,721
7,614
15,189
7,732
7,457
10,598
6,157
4,441
4,953
3,112
1,841
1,498
859
375
264
3,811
536
212
324
603
2,366
1,065
512
553
831
511
320
470
278
192
250
130
119
57
24
22
11
6.4
16.3
16.9
16.0
9.2
5.5
6.8
7.0
6.7
5.1
6.1
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.1
4.7
4.0
5.9
3.5
2.6
5.3
3.6
42,453
3,667
2,229
1,438
2,778
14,081
5,489
2,520
2,969
4,777
2,733
2,044
3,815
1,886
1,929
5,518
2,308
3,210
16,408
4,448
4,367
7,592
Percent
of
population
120,844
5,499
2,058
3,440
12,377
88,299
32,142
14,934
17,208
33,099
17,187
15,912
23,058
13,294
9,764
11,064
6,946
4,118
3,604
1,980
916
708
74.4
48.8
36.7
61.9
81.0
91.9
92.6
92.3
92.8
93.0
93.1
92.8
89.3
90.9
87.1
64.9
77.4
51.1
16.5
25.8
14.9
9.2
58.4
47.2
36.0
58.4
70.1
75.3
73.9
74.4
73.5
77.2
75.3
79.3
74.7
77.6
71.0
49.0
58.8
38.4
9.0
17.1
8.9
3.7
Total
labor
force
TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
21
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
.
March 1994
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
Employed
noninsiitutional
population
Total
165,168
11,215
5,670
5,545
14,810
93,540
34,004
15,768
18,236
34,378
18,048
16,330
25,159
14,032
11,127
17,916
9,261
8,655
27,687
8,634
7,577
11,476
109,985
5,840
2,296
3,544
11,486
78,991
28,648
13,325
15,323
29,494
15,351
14,144
20,848
11,990
8,858
10,268
6,394
3,874
3,400
1,852
883
665
66.6
52.1
40.5
63.9
77.6
84.4
84.3
84.5
84.0
85.8
85.1
86.6
82.9
85.4
79.6
57.3
69.0
44.8
12.3
21.4
11.7
5.8
103,335
4,880
1,863
3,017
10,435
75,007
26,968
12,529
14,439
28,054
14,508
13,546
19,985
11,494
8,491
9,744
6,096
3,649
3,268
1,794
827
647
79,848
5,720
2,917
2,802
7,407
46,532
16,983
7,866
9,117
17,141
9,012
8,128
12,408
6,948
5,460
8,612
4,492
4,120
11,577
3,931
3,313
4,333
60,074
3,015
1,191
1,824
6,143
43,310
15,959
7,380
8,580
16,126
8,525
7,601
11,224
6,416
4,808
5,664
3,534
2,130
1,942
1,037
506
400
75.2
52.7
40.8
65.1
82.9
93.1
94.0
93.8
94.1
94.1
94.6
93.5
90.5
92.3
88.1
65.8
78.7
51.7
16.8
26.4
15.3
9.2
85,320
5,495
2,752
2,743
7,402
47,008
17,021
7,902
9,118
17,237
9,036
8,201
12,751
7,084
5,667
9,304
4,769
4,535
16,110
4,703
4,264
7,143
49,910
2,826
1,105
1,721
5,342
35,680
12,689
5,945
6,744
13,368
6,825
6,543
9,624
5,574
4,050
4,604
2,860
1,744
1,458
815
377
266
58.5
51.4
40.1
62.7
72.2
75.9
74.6
75.2
74.0
77.6
75.5
79.8
75.5
78.7
71.5
49.5
60.0
38.5
9.0
17.3
8.8
3.7
Percent
of
population
Unemployed
Nrtt
INOl
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
62.6
43.5
32.9
54.4
70.5
80.2
79.3
79.5
79.2
81.6
80.4
83.0
79.4
81.9
76.3
54.4
65.8
42.2
11.8
20.8
10.9
5.6
2,884
200
93
107
240
1,797
652
319
333
692
384
308
454
235
219
331
180
151
315
147
91
78
100,451
4,681
1,770
2,910
10,195
73,209
26,316
12,210
14,106
27,362
14,125
13,237
19,531
11,259
8,272
9,413
5,916
3,498
2,953
1,648
736
569
6,649
960
433
527
1,050
3,984
1,680
797
884
1,440
842
598
863
496
367
524
298
226
131
58
56
18
6.0
16.4
18.8
14.9
9.1
5.0
5.9
6.0
5.8
4.9
5.5
4.2
4.1
4.1
4.1
5.1
4.7
5.8
3.9
3.1
6.3
2.7
55,184
5,375
3,374
2,001
3,324
14,550
5,355
2,443
2,912
4,883
2,697
2,186
4,311
2,042
2,269
7,647
2,867
4,780
24,288
6,782
6,694
10,811
56,151
2,465
916
1,548
5,486
40,974
14,940
6,888
8,051
15,286
8,052
7,234
10,748
6,147
4,601
5,364
3,354
2,010
1,862
1,000
470
392
70.3
43.1
31.4
55.3
74.1
88.1
88.0
87.6
88.3
89.2
89.3
89.0
86.6
88.5
84.3
62.3
74.7
48.8
16.1
25.4
14.2
9.0
2,164
162
72
90
200
1,328
515
252
263
524
289
236
288
153
136
232
124
109
242
117
62
63
53,987
2,303
845
1,458
5,286
39,646
14,425
6,636
7,789
14,762
7,764
6,998
10,460
5,994
4,466
5,132
3,230
1,902
1,620
883
408
329
3,924
550
275
275
657
2,336
1,020
492
528
840
473
367
476
270
207
300
181
119
80
37
36
8
6.5
18.2
23.1
15.1
10.7
5.4
6.4
6.7
6.2
5.2
5.5
4.8
4.2
4.2
4.3
5.3
5.1
5.6
4.1
3.5
7.1
1.9
19,774
2,705
1,726
979
1,264
3,222
1,024
486
538
1,014
487
527
1,184
532
652
2,948
958
1,990
9,635
2,894
2,808
3,933
47,184
2,416
947
1,469
4,949
34,033
12,028
5,640
6,388
12,768
6,456
6,312
9,237
5,348
3,889
4,380
2,742
1,638
1,406
794
357
255
55.3
44.0
34.4
53.5
66.9
72.4
70.7
71.4
70.1
74.1
71.5
77.0
72.4
75.5
68.6
47.1
57.5
36.1
8.7
16.9
8.4
3.6
720
38
21
17
40
470
137
66
70
168
95
72
166
83
83
98
56
42
73
30
29
15
46,465
2,377
926
1,452
4,909
33,563
11,892
5,574
6,317
12,600
6,361
6,239
9,071
5,265
3,806
4,282
2,686
1,596
1,333
764
329
240
2,726
410
158
252
393
1,647
661
305
356
600
369
231
387
226
160
224
118
106
52
21
20
11
5.5
14.5
14.3
14.6
7.4
4.6
5.2
5.1
5.3
4.5
5.4
3.5
4.0
4.1
4.0
4.9
4.1
6.1
3.5
2.6
5.3
4.0
35,410
2,670
1,648
1,022
2,060
11,328
4,332
1,957
2,375
3,869
2,210
1,659
3,127
1,510
1,617
4,700
1,909
2,790
14,652
3,888
3,887
6,877
Total
Percent
of
population
in
labor
force
WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
22
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1994
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Unemployed
Employed
Total
Percent
of
population
Not
Total
Percent
of
population
Agriculture
Percent
of
labor
force
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
12,451
448
133
316
1,410
9,381
3,622
1,683
1,939
3,604
1,875
1,729
2,155
1,250
905
943
580
364
269
155
73
40
1,803
268
111
157
370
1,103
594
317
277
398
240
158
110
58
52
52
27
25
11
6
2
3
12.6
37.0
44.3
33.2
20.6
10.5
14.0
15.7
12.4
9.9
11.3
8.3
4.8
4.4
5.4
5.1
4.3
6.3
4.0
3.4
3.2
8,411
1,473
899
574
806
2,876
1,163
569
594
947
539
408
766
425
341
1,028
462
565
2,228
690
626
912
5,986
220
68
152
681
4,524
1,800
822
978
1,701
876
825
1,022
592
430
441
283
158
121
65
33
23
899
156
61
95
185
526
258
139
119
213
115
98
55
25
30
26
14
12
6
3
12.9
40.8
44.8
38.6
21.0
10.3
12.4
14.3
10.7
11.0
11.5
10.5
5.1
4.0
6.5
5.4
4.6
6.9
4.6
3,229
696
449
247
310
969
362
174
188
324
197
127
284
165
119
405
167
238
849
268
253
329
6,465
229
65
164
729
4,858
1,822
861
961
1,903
999
904
1,133
658
475
502
297
206
148
90
41
17
904
112
50
62
185
577
337
178
159
185
125
60
55
33
22
26
13
13
5
3
2
labor
force
BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
22,774
2,196
1,149
1,047
2,603
13,426
5,412
2,587
2,825
4,970
2,669
2,300
3,044
1,742
1,302
2,037
1,078
959
2,512
855
702
956
14,363
723
250
473
1,797
10,550
4,249
2,018
2,231
4,023
2,131
1,892
2,278
1,317
961
1,009
616
393
284
165
76
43
63.1
32.9
21.8
45.1
69.0
78.6
78.5
78.0
79.0
80.9
79.8
82.2
74.8
75.6
73.8
49.5
57.1
41.0
11.3
19.3
10.8
4.5
12,560
455
139
316
1,428
9,447
3,655
1,701
1,954
3,625
1,891
1,734
2,168
1,259
909
957
589
368
273
159
73
40
55.2
20.7
12.1
30.2
54.8
70.4
67.5
65.7
69.2
72.9
70.8
75.4
71.2
72.3
69.8
47.0
54.6
38.4
10.9
18.6
10.5
4.2
109
7
7
10,206
1,078
584
494
1,191
6,072
2,445
68.4
35.5
23.2
50.0
74.0
84.0
85.2
84.8
85.5
85.6
83.6
88.0
79.4
79.1
79.6
54.2
64.7
42.3
13.4
21.2
11.5
7.4
6,078
226
75
152
696
4,577
1,826
833
993
1,716
889
827
1,035
601
434
454
291
163
125
69
33
23
59.6
21.0
12.8
30.7
58.4
75.4
74.7
72.7
76.4
76.2
74.0
78.7
75.3
76.0
74.5
51.3
61.7
39.4
12.8
20.4
11.5
6.5
92
7
7
1,299
2,253
1,201
1,052
1,374
792
583
885
472
413
980
340
285
355
6,977
382
135
247
881
5,103
2,083
972
1,111
1,929
1,004
925
1,091
627
464
480
305
175
131
72
33
26
12,568
1,118
565
553
1,413
7,354
2,967
1,441
1,526
2,717
1,468
1,249
1,670
950
719
1,151
606
545
1,532
515
416
600
7,385
341
115
226
917
5,447
2,166
1,046
1,120
2,093
1,127
967
1,188
690
497
529
310
219
153
93
43
17
58.8
30.5
20.3
40.8
64.9
74.1
73.0
72.6
73.4
77.1
76.7
77.4
71.1
72.6
69.1
45.9
51.2
40.1
10.0
18.0
10.4
2.8
6,482
229
65
164
732
4,870
1,829
867
961
1,908
1,002
907
1,133
658
475
503
297
206
148
90
41
17
51.6
20.5
11.4
29.7
51.8
66.2
61.6
60.2
63.0
70.2
68.2
72.6
67.8
69.2
66.0
43.7
49.1
37.7
9.6
17.5
9.8
2.8
16
18
66
32
17
15
21
16
5
13
9
4
14
9
5
4
4
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
55 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
15
54
26
11
15
15
13
2
13
9
15
13
8
5
4
4
V)
V)
V)
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years.
3
12
6
6
6
3
2
12.2
32.8
43.7
27.3
20.1
10.6
15.5
17.0
14.2
8.8
11.1
6.2
4.6
4.7
4.5
4.9
4.1
5.9
3.4
3.0
5,182
777
450
327
496
1,907
802
396
406
623
341
282
482
260
222
623
296
327
1,379
423
373
584
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
23
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over
Total
Employment status and
race
Women, 20 years and
over
Both sexes, 16 to 19
years
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
192,959
126,682
65.7
117,406
2,805
114,601
9,276
7.3
66,277
196,213
129,718
66.1
120,844
3,086
117,758
8,874
6.8
66,495
85,664
65,771
76.8
60,821
2,077
58,744
4,950
7.5
19,893
86,901
66,513
76.5
62,180
2,165
60,015
4,333
6.5
20,387
94,148
54,726
58.1
51,668
567
51,101
3,058
5.6
39,423
95,225
56,440
59.3
53,165
712
52,453
3,275
5.8
38,785
13,147
6,186
47.1
4,917
160
4,757
1,269
20.5
6,961
14,087
6,765
48.0
5,499
209
5,290
1,266
18.7
7,322
163,543
108,322
66.2
101,269
2,623
98,646
7,052
6.5
55,222
165,168
109,985
66.6
103,335
2,884
100,451
6,649
6.0
55,184
73,523
56,906
77.4
53,066
1,935
51,130
3,841
6.7
16,617
74,129
57,060
77.0
53,686
2,003
51,683
3,374
5.9
17,069
79,483
46,090
58.0
43,795
539
43,256
2,294
5.0
33,393
79,825
47,084
59.0
44,769
682
44,087
2,316
4.9
32,740
10,537
5,326
50.5
4,408
149
4,260
917
17.2
5,212
11,215
5,840
52.1
4,880
200
4,681
960
16.4
5,375
22,217
13,687
61.6
11,810
109
11,701
1,877
13.7
8,530
22,774
14,363
63.1
12,560
109
12,451
1,803
12.6
8,411
8,982
6,469
72.0
5,550
90
5,460
919
14.2
2,513
9,128
6,595
72.3
5,852
86
5,766
743
11.3
2,533
11,149
6,547
58.7
5,903
13
5,889
644
9.8
4,602
11,450
7,045
61.5
6,253
16
6,237
792
11.2
4,405
2,086
671
32.2
357
6
352
313
46.7
1,415
2,196
723
32.9
455
7
448
268
37.0
1,473
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
24
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1994
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent of
population
Total
Full
time
Unemployed
Part
time
Total
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
17,095
11,226
5,869
8,256
4,801
3,454
48.3
42.8
58.9
7,203
3,995
3,208
1,288
291
997
5,915
3,704
2,211
1,053
807
246
188
92
96
865
715
150
12.8
16.8
7.1
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
8,887
8,208
6,730
1,478
3,520
4,735
3,526
1,209
39.6
57.7
52.4
81.8
2,818
4,385
3,263
1,122
138
1,150
524
626
2,680
3,235
2,739
496
702
350
263
88
74
114
63
51
628
237
200
37
19.9
7.4
7.4
7.3
Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
8,603
5,744
2,859
4,027
2,396
1,631
46.8
41.7
57.1
3,415
1,936
1,480
674
144
530
2,741
1,792
950
611
460
151
110
51
59
501
409
92
15.2
19.2
9.3
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
4,682
3,921
3,238
683
1,868
2,159
1,596
563
39.9
55.1
49.3
82.5
1,446
1,969
1,456
513
104
570
286
285
1,343
1,399
1,171
228
422
190
139
50
49
62
36
25
373
128
103
25
22.6
8.8
8.7
8.9
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
8,492
5,482
3,011
4,229
2,406
1,823
49.8
43.9
60.5
3,788
2,059
1,729
614
147
467
3,173
1,912
1,262
441
347
94
77
41
37
364
306
58
10.4
14.4
5.2
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
4,205
4,287
3,492
795
1,652
2,576
1,930
646
39.3
60.1
55.3
81.2
1,372
2,416
1,807
609
35
580
239
341
1,337
1,836
1,568
268
281
161
123
37
26
52
26
26
255
109
97
12
17.0
6.2
6.4
5.8
13,545
8,884
4,661
7,025
4,159
2,867
51.9
46.8
61.5
6,240
3,549
2,691
1,064
241
823
5,176
3,308
1,868
785
610
176
135
71
64
651
539
112
11.2
14.7
6.1
Men
Women
6,881
6,664
3,439
3,586
50.0
53.8
2,973
3,267
560
504
2,413
2,764
467
319
79
56
388
263
13.6
8.9
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
6,890
6,655
5,443
1,213
3,012
4,013
3,005
1,008
43.7
60.3
55.2
83.2
2,494
3,746
2,800
947
105
959
444
515
2,389
2,787
2,355
432
518
267
205
62
54
80
46
34
464
187
159
27
17.2
6.7
6.8
6.1
2,524
1,759
765
896
502
394
35.5
28.5
51.5
667
324
343
153
31
122
514
293
221
229
178
51
45
19
26
184
160
24
25.6
35.5
12.9
Men
Women
1,186
1,338
428
468
36.1
35.0
307
360
79
74
228
286
121
108
27
18
94
90
28.3
23.1
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
1,547
977
796
182
405
491
352
140
26.2
50.3
44.2
76.9
240
427
308
119
19
134
54
79
221
293
253
40
165
64
44
20
19
26
15
11
146
38
29
9
40.8
13.0
12.5
14.4
1,755
1,211
544
749
401
348
42.7
33.1
64.0
637
304
333
143
30
113
494
275
220
112
97
15
19
9
10
93
88
5
15.0
24.2
4.4
882
873
379
371
42.9
42.4
315
322
67
76
248
246
64
48
11
8
53
40
16.9
13.0
1,072
684
503
180
299
451
309
141
27.9
65.9
61.5
78.3
216
421
291
131
21
121
60
61
194
300
231
69
83
29
19
11
5
14
6
8
78
15
13
3
27.8
6.5
6.0
7.5
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
See footnotes at end of table.
25
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1994
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent of
population
Unemployed
Total
Full
time
Part
time
Total
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
15.360
2,862
12,498
12,373
1,964
10,409
80.6
68.6
83.3
10,673
1,504
9,169
8,554
1,021
7,533
2,119
483
1,636
1,700
459
1,240
1,562
396
1,166
137
63
74
13.7
23.4
11.9
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
3,837
6,592
3,482
1,448
2.360
5,475
3,135
1,403
61.5
83.1
90.0
96.9
1,775
4,704
2,837
1,357
1,349
3,749
2,266
1,190
426
955
572
166
585
771
297
46
539
726
255
43
46
45
43
4
24.8
14.1
9.5
3.3
Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
7,600
1,398
6,202
6,796
1.091
5,704
89.4
78.1
92.0
5,793
821
4,972
4,943
594
4,349
850
227
623
1,003
270
732
939
243
695
64
27
37
14.8
24.8
12.8
2,005
3,365
1,584
646
1,584
3,074
1,513
625
79.0
91.4
95.5
96.8
1,257
2,592
1,346
598
1,013
2,252
1,149
529
243
340
197
69
327
482
166
27
305
465
145
24
22
18
21
3
20.6
15.7
11.0
4.3
7,760
1,464
6,296
5,578
872
4,705
71.9
59.6
74.7
4,880
683
4,197
3,611
427
3,184
1,269
256
1,013
697
189
508
624
153
471
73
36
37
12.5
21.7
10.8
1,832
3,227
1.898
803
776
2,401
1,622
778
42.4
74.4
85.5
96.9
518
2,112
1,491
759
336
1,497
1,117
661
182
615
374
97
258
289
131
19
234
261
110
19
24
27
21
33.3
12.0
8.1
2.5
12,480
2,331
10,149
10,300
1,682
8,619
82.5
72.1
84.9
9,076
1,331
7,745
7,318
903
6,416
1,758
429
1,329
1.225
350
874
1,112
298
815
113
53
60
11.9
20.8
10.1
Men
Women
6.246
6,234
5,719
4,582
91.6
73.5
4,978
4,098
4,281
3,037
697
1,061
741
484
696
416
45
68
13.0
10.6
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
3,069
5,330
2.833
1.248
2,008
4,494
2,583
1,215
65.4
84.3
91.2
97.3
1,555
3,960
2,380
1,181
1,179
3,190
1,903
1,046
376
769
477
135
453
535
203
34
414
494
174
30
39
41
29
4
22.6
11.9
7.9
2.8
2,275
436
1,838
1,624
220
1,403
71.4
50.5
76.3
1,216
131
1,085
929
94
835
287
37
250
408
89
319
386
80
306
22
9
13
25.1
40.5
22.7
Men
Women
1,082
1,193
835
789
77.1
66.2
615
601
488
441
127
160
220
188
202
184
18
4
26.3
23.9
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
582
1,059
493
141
245
819
425
136
42.1
77.3
86.1
96.5
135
608
349
124
100
454
274
101
36
154
75
23
109
211
76
12
103
207
65
12
7
4
11
44.7
25.8
17.8
8.8
2,513
596
1,917
1,807
347
1,460
71.9
58.2
76.2
1,548
275
1,273
1,261
197
1,063
287
78
210
258
71
187
244
67
178
14
4
10
14.3
20.5
12.8
Men
Women
1,323
1,190
1.164
643
88.0
54.0
1,001
547
838
423
163
125
163
95
154
90
9
5
14.0
14.8
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
1.325
822
315
51
837
644
275
51
63.2
78.3
87.2
709
557
236
47
578
459
182
42
131
98
54
5
128
86
39
5
119
84
36
5
9
2
3
15.3
13.4
14.3
(1)
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and
college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
26
0
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-16. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race
(In thousands)
Employed1
Full-time workers
At work
At work2
Age, sex, and race
Total
Unemployed
Part-time workers
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34
hours for
economic
or
noneconomic
reasons
Not
at
work
Total
Part time for
economic
reasons
Part time
for
noneconomic
Not
at
work
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
96,794
1,312
129
1,183
95,481
8,530
86,951
76,470
10,481
85,642
1,076
96
981
84,566
7,577
76,989
67,968
9,021
8,312
201
32
170
8,110
784
7,326
6,369
958
2,840
35
1
33
2,805
169
2,636
2,134
502
24,050
4,187
1,930
2,257
19,864
3,848
16,016
11,829
4,187
3,724
253
32
221
3,471
755
2,716
2,404
312
18,943
3,749
1,824
1,924
15,195
2,841
12,354
8,813
3,541
1,383
185
74
112
1,198
251
947
612
335
7,259
488
93
395
6,771
1,262
5,509
4,942
567
1,615
778
460
318
837
224
613
444
169
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
57,143
738
56,405
4,879
51,526
45,150
6,376
51,069
620
50,449
4,361
46,088
40,572
5,516
4,498
107
4,391
433
3,958
3,411
547
1,576
11
1,565
85
1,480
1,168
313
7,794
2,019
5,775
1,573
4,202
2,535
1,667
1,593
126
1,466
384
1,082
947
135
5,778
1,817
3,961
1,096
2,865
1,452
1,413
423
75
348
93
255
136
119
4,322
295
4,027
754
3,273
2,922
350
742
436
306
129
177
98
79
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
39,651
574
39,076
3,651
35,425
31,320
4,105
34,574
456
34,117
3,216
30,901
27,396
3,505
3,814
95
3,720
351
3,368
2,957
411
1,263
24
1,239
84
1,156
966
190
16,257
2,168
14,089
2,274
11,814
9,294
2,521
2,131
127
2,004
371
1,633
1,456
177
13,165
1,932
11,234
1,745
9,489
7,361
2,128
960
110
850
158
692
476
216
2,938
193
2,744
508
2,236
2,020
217
873
342
531
95
436
346
90
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
49,391
661
48,729
4,180
44,549
38,863
5,686
44,207
561
43,646
3,757
39,889
34,975
4,913
3,858
92
3,766
349
3,417
2,916
502
1,326
9
1,317
73
1,244
973
271
6,760
1,804
4,957
1,306
3,651
2,110
1,540
1,291
111
1,180
299
881
767
114
5,085
1,623
3,462
931
2,531
1,221
1,311
385
70
314
76
238
123
116
3,357
214
3,143
561
2,582
2,267
315
567
336
231
96
134
69
65
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
32,839
482
32,356
3,058
29,298
25,788
3,510
28,600
385
28,215
2,692
25,523
22,527
2,996
3,183
75
3,108
296
2,812
2,452
360
1,055
22
1,033
71
963
809
154
14,346
1,933
12,412
1,891
10,521
8,245
2,276
1,706
110
1,597
305
1,292
1,145
146
11,794
1,727
10,067
1,472
8,595
6,672
1,923
845
96
749
115
634
427
207
2,041
155
1,886
317
1,569
1,378
684
255
429
76
354
269
84
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
5,348
61
5,287
506
4,781
4,289
492
4,700
45
4,655
434
4,222
3,787
434
470
14
457
66
391
362
29
178
2
175
7
168
140
28
730
165
565
189
376
288
88
238
14
224
72
152
141
11
463
146
316
104
212
138
74
30
5
25
13
12
9
3
754
67
687
162
525
505
20
145
88
56
23
33
21
12
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
5,113
64
5,049
450
4,598
4,149
449
4,481
51
4,430
398
4,032
3,650
382
471
13
458
39
419
383
36
160
1,369
165
1,204
282
922
721
202
336
9
327
52
276
253
23
947
143
804
191
613
440
173
85
13
73
39
34
28
6
740
32
709
170
538
513
25
164
80
83
14
69
64
6
White
Black
1
Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on their usual
weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are at work during the
reference week. Persons absent from work are also classified according to their usual
status.
2
Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason for
160
13
147
117
31
working part time.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
27
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17. Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Total
Occupation
16 years
and over
Mar.
1993
Total
Men
16 years
and over
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
117,406 120,844 63,370
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations
32,402
15,482
33,354
15,840
614
649
10,960
4,230
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical
36,441
3,982
1,511
1,054
1,417
14,106
3,950
2,245
1,600
6,224
87
10,503
4,366
16,920
1,727
1,044
516
936
2,470
837
4,601
821
3,968
17,514
1,827
1,169
560
902
2,671
853
4,607
823
4,101
16,909
9,037
340
6,651
2,045
7,872
1,611
709
347
750
310
469
1,128
635
1,913
13,247
1,949
301
821
Women
20 years
and over
16 years
and over
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
64,936
60,821
62,180
54,036
55,907
51,668
53,165
17,265
8,971
367
6,658
1,946
8,294
1,708
798
390
721
373
491
1,212
624
1,979
16,843
9,003
340
17,154
8,931
367
16,089
6,619
1,946
282
4,302
2,285
15,409
6,418
274
3,830
2,314
15,965
6,829
6,628
2,034
7,841
15,493
6,446
273
3,852
2,320
9,047
9,220
8,992
117
335
169
186
2,160
368
3,473
185
2,056
119
117
335
13,230
1,834
309
884
641
7,493
2,826
1,418
1,074
2,146
28
3,903
280
242
82
186
602
2,511
12,699
1,924
293
805
825
7,031
2,510
1,325
1,222
1,932
42
3,744
251
249
58
215
622
2,348
1,811
303
871
637
7,123
2,801
1,403
1,071
1,819
28
3,715
278
231
82
181
585
2,358
5,817
35
1,817
3,966
1,702
230
1,615
419
6,010
34
1,849
4,127
1,827
267
1,532
502
9,712
1,609
709
348
750
310
466
1,116
636
1,897
8,223
1,706
796
390
721
373
484
1,195
624
1,935
12,649
413
7,025
1,578
903
330
4,171
43
591
6,657
47
13,285
5,587
2,192
2,996
2,511
244
1,752
470
6,936
43
1,873
5,020
2,528
275
1,653
564
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
12,520
4,158
4,569
3,792
13,023
4,331
4,572
4,120
11,515
4,019
4,495
3,002
11,790
4,139
4,478
3,173
11,312
3,965
4,391
2,955
11,624
4,087
4,399
3,138
1,005
140
75
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
16,735
7,398
4,868
3,705
1,163
4,469
540
3,930
17,183
7,355
5,069
3,874
1,195
4,758
585
4,173
12,549
4,481
4,417
3,312
1,106
3,651
519
3,133
13,118
4,630
4,573
3,430
1,143
3,915
562
3,353
11,822
4,360
4,349
3,256
1,092
3,113
501
2,612
12,322
4,495
4,489
3,360
1,129
3,339
526
2,812
4,186
2,938
1,142
1,796
3,165
1,393
1,772
2,492
981
1,511
2,598
1,047
1,551
2,327
979
2,421
1,010
1,411
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
28
1,348
2,293
356
3,356
199
2,094
362
3,442
185
2,039
590
6,740
1,433
911
373
17,059
850
2,254
13,956
6,013
2,161
3,009
2,772
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations
2,157
1,200
224
16,370
863
1,848
4,762
2,297
2,123
3,978
43
14,421
387
375
4,063
1,978
325
14,748
424
359
3,969
369
169
181
1,350
293
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service
2,221
3,396
199
281
4,272
2,276
9,137
119
169
186
1,210
234
997
9,991
4,128
3,932
254
257
65
220
649
2,487
171
181
2,298
363
21,953
974
9,779
641
633
371
23,830
2,056
2,199
18,353
2,516
1,333
1,227
2,246
44
6,869
23,194
2,033
37,060
3,890
1,658
1,178
1,054
14,518
4,404
2,322
1,404
6,317
71
18,651
704
600
4,050
2,308
826
7,367
20 years
and over
2,014
5,939
1,414
903
371
3,208
43
14,001
387
370
3,966
1,967
309
22,378
2,035
1,337
290
409
6,136
1,547
883
319
3,346
42
14,206
422
350
7,001
3,838
2,106
384
7,106
1,356
2,208
8,822
708
346
7,768
2,766
1,893
1,195
1,914
9,161
725
373
8,063
2,892
1,816
1,307
2,049
1,232
192
94
946
992
139
75
778
1,193
4,061
3,921
2,664
798
4,065
2,725
496
444
52
843
23
820
446
162
284
568
346
222
430
160
270
7,292
816
374
8,523
3,291
1,947
1,244
2,041
791
2,917
450
393
57
818
21
2,122
395
7,480
10,124
807
381
8,936
3,485
1,887
2,858
445
388
57
758
21
737
190
89
914
493
441
52
764
23
741
546
337
209
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Total
Occupation and race
Mar.
1993
!!
Women
Men
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Mar.
1994
i
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
j
I
117,406
100.0
120,844
100.0
63,370
100.0
27.6
13.2
14.4
31.0
3.4
12.0
15.6
13.9
.7
1.9
11.3
27.6
13.1
14.5
30.7
3.2
26.7
14.3
12.4
20.9
64,936
100.0
26.6
13.8
12.8
20.4
2.8
11.5 I
6.0 |
10.7 I
54,036
100.0
55,907
100.0
28.7
11.9
28.8
12.3
16.7
42.9
3.8
16.5
42.6
3.7
12.5
15.8
1.9
7.7
5.4
.8
1.5
.8
12.6
26.4
18.1
1.4
.7
16.0
2.2
7.3
4.9
.9
1.5
1.0
3.9
2.6
3.1
11.6
6.2
10.5
.1
2.9
7.5
18.2
19.8
7.1
7.0
5.8
3.9
101,269
100.0
103,335
100.0
55,352
100.0
56,151
100.0
45,917
100.0
47,184
100.0
28.6
13.8
14.8
31.4
3.4
12.6
28.7
13.8
14.9
31.0
3.2
12.5
15.3
12.9
.6
27.8
15.0
12.7
29.6
29.9
12.3
17.3
3.1
12.2
5.7
27.7
14.5
'13.1
20.6
2.8
12.1
5.7
12.8
17.1
43.3
3.6
13.0
26.6
9.4
9.6
.1
2.8
6.6
18.9
18.9
.1
10.7
14.3
6.3
4.1
3.8
2.5
12.0
15.4
14.1
.7
1.9
11.5
10.8
14.2
6.1
4.2
.1
!
2.9 j
!
7.7
18.2
!
20.2 I
7.1 |
7.0 I
6.0
4.0 I
26.7
18.0
1.5
.7
White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) .
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .
Farming, forestry, and fishing
15.4
12.7
.6
1.8
10.3
11.1
13.6
1.7
10.6
21.0
43.9
3.8
13.1
27.1
16.6
1.3
.6
16.8
4.9
4.1
6.8
6.6
5.7
4.3
.9
1.3
.5
15.0
2.1
6.7
4.4
.9
1.4
1.2
2.7
6.9
18.7
14.7
1.8
7.2
2.6
11.1
13.4
5.7
4.0
3.8
2.9
11,810
100.0
12,560
100.0
5,748
100.0
6,078
100.0
6,062
100.0
6,482
100.0
18.1
8.1
10.0
28.5
3.2
7.6
17.8
7.9
9.8
14.8
7.5
7.3
19.3
2.8
6.9
9.6
19.4
15.3
7.8
7.5
18.0
2.9
7.3
7.8
19.5
.1
5.1
14.2
21.3
8.7
12.6
37.1
3.5
8.3
25.3
27.8
2.7
1.5
20.1
8.0
12.0
39.5
4.1
9.5
25.9
5.9
3.9
3.7
6.8
6.5
5.5
19.1
.8
1.5
Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) ....
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .
Farming, forestry, and fishing
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
29.1
3.5
8.4
17.7
17.1
23.7
1.4
3.1
19.2
7.8
20.5
8.9
6.1
5.5
1.5
23.3
1.2
3.5
18.6
8.5
20.4
8.4
6.3
5.7
1.0
4.8
14.6
13.6
30.1
9.3
11.4
9.3
2.8
14.7
30.7
9.2
11.9
9.6
1.8
23.6
2.3
11.4
8.5
1.0
1.9
.2
26.9
2.2
2.0
22.7
2.7
10.7
7.6
1.0
2.0
.2
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
29
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Employed persons by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
March 1994
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry
Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries .
Professional services...
Public administration
1
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support
Total
Executive,
AdminisTechniemadministrative Private
cians
Profesployed
Other
trative,
and
Sales support, housesional
service1
and
including hold
specialty related
manaclerical
support
gerial
Precision
Farming,
Machine
producHandlers, forestry,
opertion,
Transporand
equipment
ators,
tation
craft,
cleaners, fishing
assemand
and
helpers,
blers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
laborers
inspectors
15
7
57
718
279
439
132
66
391
2,122
1,137
985
29
17
39
288
180
108
51
230
3,811
3,818
2,599
1,219
3
26
88
6,030
3,358
2,672
49
96
467
744
429
314
17
18
659
1,075
524
550
2,583
476
464
57
407
375
209
121 10,447
25 1,806
96 8,640
2,342
2,337
794
1,543
244
4,976
39
4,938
1,268
1,436
292
1,144
109
257
107
150
2,058
969
425
543
499
1,908
355
1,553
13
62
43
19
257
13,352
6
13,347
11,995
798
183 2,022
2,341 1,018
2
2,339 1,018
187
2,031
25
224
2,830
7,015
14
7,001
5,229
1,416
262
8,796
62
8,735
5,253
1,558
167
2,010
8
2,003
507
231
21
788
13
583
6
577
326
92
23
520
16
504
119
40
47
355
16
339
97
11
3,086
658
6,666
19,904
11,696
8,209
87
108
975
2,590
1,538
1,052
90
72
131
1,875
1,189
685
8,635
25,126
4,436
20,691
1,042
2,151
492
1,659
7,994
43,079
980
42,099
29,411
5,695
2,169
5,450
1
5,449
3,471
1,267
29
18
33
567
392
175
Includes protective service, not shown separately.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
30
Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers
Service
occupations
850
850
788
197
34
16
79
70
9
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-20. Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
March 1994
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers
Age and sex
Wage
Unpaid
Selfand
employed family
salary
workers workers
workers
Private industries
Total
Total
Other
Private
private
household
workers industries
Unpaid
Selfemployed family
Government workers workers
Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
1,523
149
75
74
214
476
358
193
93
42
1,525
49
23
26
51
232
364
288
257
284
38
12
4
8
3
8
4
4
3
5
108,626
5,166
1,898
3,268
11,851
29,540
29,699
20,431
9,309
2,630
89,979
4,898
1,822
3,076
10,717
25,276
23,886
15,724
7,289
2,188
978
92
62
30
131
182
195
150
140
88
89,001
4,806
1,760
3,046
10,586
25,095
23,691
15,573
7,149
2,101
18,648
268
76
192
1,134
4,264
5,813
4,707
2,020
442
8,999
116
58
59
245
1,861
2,640
2,117
1,383
636
132
7
1
6
14
26
34
25
20
7
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
1,231
128
63
65
171
388
287
145
82
29
1,083
33
13
20
48
178
264
167
169
224
20
8
2
6
3
3
57,017
2,518
896
1,622
6,077
15,967
15,540
10,672
4,886
1,358
48,546
2,408
866
1,542
5,592
13,866
13,044
8,514
3,957
1,165
96
10
7
3
21
17
16
10
18
3
48,450
2,398
859
1,539
5,571
13,849
13,027
8,504
3,939
1,162
8,471
110
29
81
485
2,101
2,496
2,158
929
192
5,556
64
40
24
146
1,121
1,641
1,300
871
413
29
292
21
11
9
43
87
70
48
10
13
442
16
11
6
2
53
100
121
89
60
18
3
51,609
2,648
1,003
1,646
5,774
13,573
14,159
9,759
4,423
1,273
41,432
2,490
956
1,534
5,125
11,410
10,842
7,209
3,332
1,023
882
82
55
27
110
164
179
140
121
85
40,551
2,408
901
1,507
5,015
11,246
10,663
7,069
3,210
939
10,177
158
47
112
648
2,163
3,317
2,550
1,091
249
3,443
52
18
35
99
740
999
817
512
223
103
1
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
1
2
2
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
6
5
3
3
2
4
1
8
21
30
22
18
3
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
31
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by hours of work
March 1994
Thousands of persons
Hours of work
All
industries
Total, 16 years and over
Agriculture
Percent distribution
Nonagricultural
industries
All
industries
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
116,621
2,873
113,748
100.0
100.0
100.0
1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours.
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours
30,074
1,315
5,383
14,930
8,446
1,031
83
246
468
235
29,043
1,233
5,137
14,463
8,210
25.8
1.1
4.6
12.8
7.2
35.9
2.9
8.6
16.3
8.2
25.5
1.1
4.5
12.7
7.2
35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over
86,547
8,973
40,186
37,388
14,303
13,469
9,617
1,842
189
578
1,075
221
299
555
84,705
8,784
39,607
36,313
14,081
13,170
9,062
74.2
7.7
34.5
32.1
12.3
11.5
8.2
64.1
6.6
20.1
37.4
7.7
10.4
19.3
74.5
7.7
34.8
31.9
12.4
11.6
8.0
39.1
43.6
39.9
47.6
39.1
43.5
Average hours, total at work
Average hours, persons who usually work full time
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
-
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
A-22. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working less than 35 hours and usual full- or
part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1994
Nonagricultural industries
All industries
Reason for working less than 35 hours
Usually
work
full time
Usually
work
part time
30,074
8,312
21,763
29,043
8,003
21,040
4,987
2,665
1,514
1,279
3,473
1,386
2,046
41
4,771
2,541
2,013
88
128
1,418
1,230
60
128
3,353
1,311
2,013
28
-
24,272
895
5,773
756
6,281
1,491
2,312
17,687
807
5,082
756
6,220
1,491
3,332
22.3
19.1
Total
Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Seasonal work
Job started or ended during week
Noneconomic reasons
Child-care problems
Other family or personal obligations
Health or medical limitations
In school or training
Retired or Social Security limit on earnings
Vacation or personal day
Holiday, legal or religious
Weather-related curtailment
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
2,046
Usually
work
full time
136
139
139
25,087
915
6,797
92
5,950
797
719
18,290
823
5,231
6,415
1,638
61
797
6,354
2,369
6,132
2,369
104
767
2,685
3,446
5,960
6,585
88
691
_
61
2,312
104
700
2,628
22.6
20.8
23.2
25.5
22.3
19.0
22.6
20.9
23.4
25.6
104
767
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
32
Total
1,638
104
700
Usually
work
part time
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1994
Average hours
Worked 1 to 34 hours
Industry and class of worker
For noneconomic
reasons
Total
at
work
Total
Total 16 years and over.
113,748
29,043
Wage and salary workers .
105,287
For
economic
reasons
Worked
35 hours
or more
Total
at
work
Persons who
usually work
full time
Usually
work
full
time
Usually
work
part
time
4,771
6,585
17,687
84,705
39.1
43.5
25,988
4,173
6,129
15,685
79,300
39.1
43.2
609
61
22
29
9
549
46.3
47.1
5,079
1,128
373
484
271
3,950
39.7
41.3
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods.
18,966
11,187
7,779
2,182
1,118
1,064
462
221
242
1,064
651
413
656
246
410
16,784
10,069
6,715
42.6
43.2
41.8
43.6
43.9
43.2
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
7,958
22,373
7,192
1,301
7,930
1,242
229
1,437
104
537
843
466
535
5,651
672
6,657
14,443
5,950
41.7
36.8
40.2
43.7
44.1
42.6
Service industries
Private households.
All other industries .
Public administration .
37,615
941
36,674
5,496
11,386
631
10,755
757
1,482
105
1,376
63
2,256
44
2,213
450
7,648
481
7,166
244
26,229
310
25,919
4,739
37.5
25.4
37.8
40.8
43.1
42.7
43.1
42.1
Self-employed workers.
Unpaid family workers ..
8,328
132
2,959
97
583
15
445
11
1,931
71
5,369
35
39.0
29.3
47.3
41.5
Mining
Construction
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
33
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1994
Average hours
Worked 1 to 34 hours
Industry and class of worker
For noneconomic
reasons
Total
at
work
Total
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
113,748
5,078
1,885
3,194
108,669
11,697
96,972
83,738
13,234
29,043
3,966
1,798
2,167
25,077
4,116
20,961
16,595
4,366
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
60,728
2,508
904
1,605
58,220
6,057
52,163
45,011
7,152
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
For
economic
reasons
Worked
35 hours
or more
Total
at
work
Persons who
usually work
full time
Usually
work
full
time
Usually
work
part
time
4,771
282
45
236
4,490
880
3,610
3,170
440
6,585
129
13
116
6,455
548
5,908
5,180
728
17,687
3,555
1,739
1,815
14,132
2,689
11,443
8,245
3,199
84,705
1,113
86
1,026
83,592
7,581
76,011
67,143
8,868
39.1
22.3
15.8
26.1
39.9
35.5
40.4
41.0
36.5
43.5
39.1
35.4
39.4
43.6
41.8
43.7
43.9
42.9
10,863
1,899
855
1,044
8,963
1,766
7,197
5,390
1,807
2,401
152
23
129
2,248
486
1,762
1,549
213
3,228
60
11
49
3,168
257
2,911
2,530
381
5,234
1,687
821
866
3,547
1,023
2,524
1,310
1,213
49,866
609
49
560
49,257
4,291
44,966
39,621
5,345
42.1
23.2
16.6
26.9
42.9
37.7
43.5
44.2
39.3
44.9
39.7
53,019
2,570
981
1,589
50,449
5,640
44,809
38,727
6,082
18,180
2,066
943
1,123
16,114
2,350
13,764
11,205
2,559
2,371
129
23
107
2,242
394
1,848
1,621
227
3,357
69
3
67
3,287
291
2,996
2,650
347
12,453
1,868
918
950
10,585
1,666
8,920
6,935
1,985
34,839
504
38
466
34,335
3,290
31,045
27,522
3,523
35.6
21.4
15.0
25.3
36.3
33.2
36.7
37.2
33.3
White, 16 years and over
Men
Women
97,044
52,394
44,650
25,161
9,331
15,829
3,817
1,938
1,879
5,626
2,805
2,821
15,718
4,588
11,129
71,883
43,063
28,821
39.2
42.4
35.4
43.8
45.2
41.6
Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women
12,001
5,781
6,220
2,809
1,103
1,706
738
365
373
718
310
408
1,353
428
924
9,192
4,678
4,514
38.3
40.0
36.6
41.6
42.6
40.6
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
38,470
6,451
15,807
4,737
1,114
5,011
1,013
310
1,077
2,054
439
736
1,670
365
3,199
33,733
5,337
10,796
44.2
42.1
37.1
45.7
43.9
43.2
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
29,582
10,560
12,877
10,189
2,851
5,140
1,080
598
692
1,870
770
717
7,239
1,483
3,731
19,393
7,709
7,737
35.6
37.9
33.7
41.4
41.8
41.5
TOTAL
O
40.1
45.0
42.7
45.2
45.4
44.0
41.5
38.4
O
38.7
41.6
40.6
41.6
41.7
41.3
Race
Marital status
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
34
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1994
Average hours
Worked 1 to 34 hours
Occupation and sex
Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
1
Worked
35 hours
or more
Total
113,679
29,073
4,771
6,568
17,733
84,606
39.1
43.5
32,224
15,400
16,825
35,852
5,849
1,937
3,391
953
2,438
7,006
480
3,045
3,480
5,196
446
7,163
4,854
4,580
1,871
771
1,100
2,041
269
531
1,241
815
36
169
610
875
966
425
290
252
26,375
10,295
810
4,237
5,249
7,317
564
393
6,361
1,965
3,646
1,110
947
1,589
587
213
374
1,248
61
661
527
1,307
82
45
1,180
599
1,030
362
220
448
1,649
324
437
889
10,599
12,951
6,053
3,907
2,991
42.3
44.4
40.4
37.6
39.2
39.1
36.0
33.4
24.6
41.8
32.6
41.6
39.7
40.9
42.3
35.2
45.4
46.2
44.5
42.8
42.3
45.9
40.6
42.1
42.1
44.2
41.6
42.8
42.8
42.3
45.2
40.8
60,480
10,783
2,384
3,209
5,191
49,697
42.2
44.9
16,795
8,748
8,047
12,853
1,790
7,268
3,795
6,743
43
286
132
154
312
15
198
98
485
3
25
457
556
744
180
212
352
792
361
431
592
126
252
214
340
6
911
324
587
1,347
141
765
440
1,477
143
191
782
702
238
254
210
1,330
370
1,086
122
284
680
14,805
7,931
6,874
10,603
1,507
6,053
3,043
4,440
12
1,510
2,918
9,681
10,168
3,994
3,635
2,539
45.5
46.7
44.1
42.5
41.4
44.5
39.3
36.6
(2)
42.8
34.4
41.9
40.6
42.2
43.1
35.8
47.3
48.0
46.6
45.8
43.6
48.0
42.5
43.2
12,701
4,535
4,385
3,781
1,989
817
1,173
2,250
282
1,216
752
2,303
31
293
1,979
1,708
2,533
540
750
1,242
(2)
44.7
42.5
43.0
43.4
43.1
45.5
41.1
53,198
18,290
2,387
3,360
12,542
34,909
35.5
41.5
15,430
3,860
1,120
2,739
8,045
528
3,021
4,496
5,014
533
99
4,382
257
1,113
570
197
347
301
82
219
936
46
462
428
822
79
20
723
42
286
181
9
96
1,078
2,480
410
668
1,449
143
278
629
11,570
5,532
38.8
41.3
36.9
34.8
37.2
33.4
35.2
31.1
24.6
36.5
31.5
38.8
36.9
38.7
34.7
32.2
42.9
43.7
42.3
40.7
41.0
42.6
40.0
41.1
42.4
41.1
41.0
41.5
40.5
40.6
42.2
39.2
3,759
14,029
18,064
16,441
816
2,157
13,467
12,563
16,598
1,803
4,897
11,389
6,652
8,778
22,999
1,970
6,760
14,269
9,698
773
354
8,570
1,175
3,897
2,628
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
2
For noneconomic
reasons
Total
at
work
469
799
3,912
For
economic
reasons
Usually
work
full
time
1,028
475
30
27
418
94
264
187
36
42
Usually
work
part
time
179
4,571
491
21
126
13,462
12,913
25,557
2,949
9,792
12,816
9,124
253
1,764
7,107
1,851
6,039
5,660
339
14,954
1,442
2,280
3,040
3,718
425
53
3,739
9,773
4,684
240
255
3,241
121
563
202
153
208
4,189
918
2,783
2,058
272
453
Total
at
work
Persons who
usually work
full time
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
35
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-26. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men
Marital status, race, and age
Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
Thousands of
persons
Unemployment
rates
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
5,683
5,064
2,040
685
2,291
820
2,572
2,339
White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
4,369
629
3,924
1,704
559
1,854
1,661
Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
1,103
309
156
637
899
225
104
570
Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
4,069
3,450
1,883
650
White, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
3,233
1,797
Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
675
276
149
250
1,886
2,165
791
1,113
608
828
917
2,716
1,564
532
620
558
212
95
251
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
36
Women
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
8.2
5.3
Thousands of
persons
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
10.9
13.8
7.2
4.7
9.0
12.1
3,594
1,409
797
1,388
7.3
4.9
10.0
12.2
6.5
4.5
8.8
10.6
16.1
Unemployment
rates
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
3,811
1,441
885
1,484
6.2
4.4
7.0
9.8
6.4
4.4
7.4
10.0
2,683
1,171
598
2,726
1,187
914
897
5.5
4.1
6.5
8.3
5.5
4.1
6.8
7.8
12.9
6.9
10.3
20.9
774
177
162
435
904
168
204
532
11.3
7.5
8.6
12.2
6.9
9.8
16.9
18.6
2,520
1,275
749
496
2,672
1,282
10.8
11.3
5.8
4.5
8.8
9.0
5.2
4.2
6.7
7.0
5.4
4.1
6.9
8.1
6.3
4.9
10.0
10.5
5.3
4.3
8.7
7.7
1,900
1,059
564
278
1,923
1,050
4.7
3.9
6.3
5.4
4.6
3.8
6.4
5.6
12.0
9.8
6.8
9.6
516
164
148
204
608
154
179
274
9.0
7.2
9.9
6.6
8.9
15.4
9.7
15.3
24.0
6.9
5.2
9.0
14.9
16.0
15.7
642
796
594
579
294
8.1
12.3
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation
Men
Total
Total
Mar.
1993
Total, 16 years and over1
Unemployment rates
Mar.
1994
Women
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
9,276
8,874
7.3
6.8
8.2
7.2
6.2
6.4
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
1,004
583
421
904
543
361
3.0
3.6
2.4
2.6
3.3
2.0
3.1
3.3
2.8
2.5
3.0
2.1
2.9
4.1
2.1
2.7
3.8
2.0
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
1,999
167
951
881
2,242
153
5.2
4.0
6.3
4.6
5.7
3.8
7.0
5.1
4.8
3.7
5.0
5.2
4.8
4.2
4.6
5.6
5.4
4.3
7.8
4.4
6.2
3.4
9.4
5.0
1,360
68
108
1,183
1,483
113
104
8.0
11.7
4.4
8.3
8.7
(2)
4.5
10.2
8.9
1,267
7.7
7.3
4.6
8.2
(2)
4.4
10.4
6.9
6.9
5.6
7.0
7.4
11.4
4.4
7.1
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
1,377
264
818
295
1,235
237
768
231
9.9
6.0
15.2
7.2
8.7
5.2
14.4
5.3
10.1
6.0
15.2
7.4
5.1
7.1
4.1
14.4
4.7
15.6
6.7
7.7
6.8
13.0
7.3
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
2,245
934
504
808
235
572
1,978
741
428
809
195
614
11.8
11.2
9.4
15.3
30.4
12.7
10.3
9.2
7.8
14.5
25.0
12.8
12.2
11.2
9.5
16.3
30.7
13.3
10.0
7.9
8.0
12.6
10.8
11.2
8.6
10.6
(2)
10.1
11.2
11.3
6.2
13.9
(2)
13.6
Farming, forestry, and fishing
337
455
10.3
12.6
10.0
12.6
12.0
12.4
No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
887
625
128
134
528
360
76
91
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
1
Includes a small number of persons whose last job was in the Armed
Forces.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
1,089
1,000
8.8
14.7
28.5
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
37
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-28. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry
Total
Mar.
1993
Total, 16 years and over
Unemployment rates
Total
Mar.
1994
Men
Women
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
9,276
8,874
7.3
6.8
8.2
7.2
6.2
6.4
7,271
7,038
7.7
7.3
8.7
7.6
6.5
6.8
Mining
Construction
49
1,137
43
997
6.9
19.6
6.3
17.5
7.3
20.5
6.4
18.3
5.3
10.3
5.2
8.9
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery and computing equipment
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries
1,601
1,348
726
41
42
48
47
103
6.5
6.0
6.9
6.0
8.1
6.0
7.5
4.7
5.4
6.0
3.9
8.2
5.1
1.9
7.2
7.0
8.1
126
70
80
26
14.2
4.4
5.6
4.3
6.1
11.6
7.7
7.9
9.8
10.0
11.1
10.4
8.0
6.5
6.5
7.6
5.9
9.3
5.2
8.8
7.5
9.8
7.6
11.9
3.3
6.5
5.8
8.6
7.1
5.9
6.0
7.6
6.0
7.2
5.9
7.6
4.7
4.3
6.2
4.0
8.5
5.7
8.1
5.8
5.9
5.7
12.0
1.9
6.3
4.1
5.0
10.9
7.9
6.9
3.1
6.3
7.1
10.7
6.7
5.1
8.8
7.4
7.6
7.1
4.1
7.2
8.8
128
55
156
30
105
55
48
45
7.8
7.6
8.8
8.7
10.3
10.5
7.8
6.3
7.4
7.5
6.3
8.8
4.8
8.5
8.0
10.2
7.4
10.8
4.2
6.9
5.6
9.5
7.4
11.0
7.1
10.4
7.1
7.3
5.2
11.0
8.7
10.1
4.7
4.6
8.2
12.6
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries
387
292
95
2,035
366
304
61
2,117
242
1,793
630
1,103
253
1,864
227
1,940
726
1,214
5.6
7.0
3.5
8.4
5.5
9.0
4.6
6.0
3.6
9.6
5.3
7.1
2.3
8.4
5.9
9.0
3.1
6.4
4.0
10.0
6.1
8.0
2.8
8.4
5.0
9.5
4.4
6.9
3.7
9.7
5.9
7.9
2.0
7.4
4.8
8.1
2.4
7.3
4.6
9.7
4.3
4.1
4.6
8.3
6.6
8.5
4.6
5.4
3.6
9.4
3.9
4.8
2.9
9.6
8.4
9.8
3.5
5.8
3.7
10.3
242
876
887
309
999
528
14.6
2.9
16.9
3.3
14.6
3.5
16.6
3.6
14.5
2.3
17.8
3.0
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
38
897
56
56
56
85
99
142
138
181
76
105
34
50
703
191
47
131
32
329
1,733
116
101
140
47
93
35
54
622
7.8
6.2
2.6
5.9
11.7
6.8
7.1
4.6
7.3
5.0
3.2
7.1
4.0
7.6
9.3
9.4
10.9
15.2
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Reason
Total,
16 years
and over
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Both sexes,
16 to 19
years
Women,
20 years
and over
Men,
20 years
and over
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
White
Mar.
1993
Black
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
4,950
3,629
1,029
2,600
1,013
2,018
808
8,874
4,522
1,249
3,273
2,491
782
832
2,993
528
100.0
58.6
15.0
43.6
10.9
21.8
8.7
4.3
.8
1.6
.6
9,276
5,437
1,395
4,042
0
0
100.0
73.3
20.8
52.5
9.8
14.9
2.0
100.0
66.5
19.3
47.2
9.0
22.9
1.6
3.5
.6
2.3
.4
5.5
.7
1.1
.2
4.3
.6
1.5
.1
374
971
137
784
1,466
552
190
471
214
100.0
17.6
7.3
10.3
5.7
48.2
28.5
100.0
60.3
16.7
43.6
11.1
20.8
7.8
100.0
55.0
16.3
38.8
10.3
29.5
5.1
100.0
53.4
10.0
43.4
10.1
25.1
11.4
100.0
37.8
7.1
30.7
5.9
48.2
8.1
3.3
1.1
9.0
5.3
3.9
.7
1.4
.5
2.8
.6
1.8
.3
7.3
1.4
3.4
1.6
3.8
.7
6.0
1.0
100.0
43.2
9.8
33.4
11.3
42.5
2.9
100.0
18.3
4.2
14.1
12.2
24.4
45.1
2.5
.7
2.5
.2
3.8
2.5
5.0
9.2
2.9
.7
1.8
.2
100.0
51.0
14.1
36.9
9.4
33.7
5.9
O
0
1,803
682
128
554
418
136
106
869
146
154
310
572
100.0
51.5
10.2
41.3
12.2
31.8
4.5
485
737
99
0
0
1,877
1,002
187
815
7,052
4,250
1,178
3,072
1,269
232
53
179
3,058
1,576
313
1,263
6,649
3,660
1,082
2,578
1,963
614
688
1,960
342
1,266
223
92
131
79
52
72
611
360
3,275
1,416
320
1,095
871
224
371
1,392
96
4,333
2,883
836
2,047
1,541
506
388
991
71
0
O
O
0
0
O
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
1
Not available.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
39
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
March 1994
Duration of unemployment
Total unemployed
Reason, sex, and age
15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons
Total, 16 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men, 20 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
"ercent
Less than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
i oiai
15 to 26
weeks
27 weeks
and over
Trttal
8,874
100.0
27.9
32.2
39.9
18.5
21.4
4,522
1,249
3,273
2,491
782
832
2,993
528
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
25.1
33.8
21.8
20.0
27.4
33.5
30.1
30.8
33.5
43.0
29.9
29.4
31.6
32.0
31.7
23.0
41.4
23.2
48.3
50.6
41.1
34.5
38.1
46.2
20.6
19.6
20.9
21.4
19.5
20.5
15.3
16.5
20.8
3.6
27.4
29.2
21.6
14.0
22.9
29.7
4,333
100.0
23.2
32.8
44.1
20.1
24.0
2,883
836
2,047
1,541
506
388
991
71
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
22.4
27.6
20.3
18.9
24.6
32.2
22.6
9.5
34.6
47.3
29.5
28.3
33.0
30.5
28.7
27.7
42.9
25.1
50.2
52.7
42.5
37.3
48.7
62.8
20.8
21.6
20.5
20.6
20.1
21.6
18.1
12.0
22.1
3.5
29.7
32.2
22.4
15.7
30.6
50.8
3,275
100.0
28.9
32.5
38.6
17.8
20.8
20.6
17.3
21.5
22.2
18.9
18.2
14.5
23.7
20.4
4.9
25.0
25.7
22.3
14.5
22.2
29.6
1,416
320
1,095
871
224
371
1,392
96
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
26.1
42.3
21.4
19.4
29.2
31.8
31.0
29.2
32.8
35.5
32.1
32.7
29.6
35.5
32.3
17.5
41.0
22.2
46.5
47.9
41.2
32.7
36.7
53.3
1,266
100.0
41.5
29.3
29.1
15.0
14.1
223
92
131
79
52
72
611
360
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
52.4
60.2
46.9
47.2
46.6
49.1
40.3
35.4
23.9
30.4
19.2
14.6
26.3
22.4
35.6
23.5
23.7
9.3
33.8
38.2
27.1
28.4
24.1
41.1
17.6
9.3
23.5
28.4
16.1
25.8
12.5
15.5
6.0
10.3
9.8
11.1
11.7
25.6
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
A-31. Unemployed total and full-time workers by duration of unemployment
Total
Duration of unemployment
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
Thousands of persons
Thousands of persons
Percent distribution
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
9,276
8,874
100.0
100.0
7,657
7,259
100.0
100.0
2,832
2,897
1,847
1,051
3,546
1,659
1,888
30.5
31.2
19.9
11.3
38.2
17.9
20.3
9.7
10.7
27.9
32.2
19.8
12.3
39.9
18.5
21.4
9.0
12.4
2,012
2,431
1,516
915
3,214
1,473
1,741
805
1,770
2,344
896
992
2,477
2,855
1,761
1,094
3,543
1,645
1,898
800
1,099
26.3
31.7
19.8
11.9
42.0
19.2
22.7
10.5
12.2
24.4
32.3
19.4
12.9
43.3
20.0
23.3
9.6
13.7
18.5
10.4
20.0
11.2
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
40
Full-time workers
Percent distribution
1,406
938
3,146
1,451
1,695
698
936
996
20.2
11.8
21.5
12.4
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Unemployed persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
March 1994
Weeks
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, race, and
marital status
Total
Less
than
5 weeks
15 weeks and over
5 to 14
weeks
Total
15 to 26
weeks
27 weeks
and over
Average
(mean)
duration
Median
duration
TOTAL
2,477
526
459
648
465
227
112
39
2,855
371
529
801
643
288
177
45
3,543
369
498
971
830
514
303
59
1,645
190
259
479
377
197
114
28
1,898
179
238
492
453
317
189
31
20.0
13.5
16.3
19.8
21.1
25.6
29.8
22.0
11.2
7.0
1,276
272
276
326
231
1,631
210
310
448
377
152
104
30
2,157
248
298
581
499
310
185
36
995
125
1,162
123
149
306
254
196
115
18
21.5
15.3
16.9
21.4
21.5
29.6
33.6
24.1
12.2
8.5
1,201
254
183
322
234
131
57
19
1,224
1,386
121
200
389
331
203
118
23
649
65
110
204
131
83
45
736
56
89
17.9
11.0
15.4
17.9
20.5
20.7
24.6
9.9
5.2
10.0
10.3
10.4
11.8
13.7
10
13
6,649
3,924
2,726
1,956
1,007
949
2,107
1,266
841
2,586
1,651
936
1,230
790
440
1,356
861
496
19.4
21.1
17.0
10.7
12.0
9.0
1,803
899
904
408
t99
210
641
308
333
753
392
361
315
147
168
438
245
193
21.6
23.2
19.9
12.3
12.9
11.6
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
2,040
685
2,339
448
160
668
694
191
746
898
334
925
420
152
423
478
182
502
22.3
26.7
19.3
12.7
14.1
11.2
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
1,441
885
1,484
518
220
463
370
323
531
554
343
489
260
122
267
294
220
222
17.7
21.4
16.1
9.9
10.7
9.4
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
8,874
1,266
1,486
2,420
1,938
1,029
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
5,064
730
884
1,355
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
3,811
536
603
1,065
831
470
250
57
White, 16 years and over
Men
Women
Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women
593
143
1,107
559
343
86
96
55
20
161
220
353
266
136
74
15
149
275
245
114
70
18
185
200
120
74
0
9.9
11.7
12.1
14.5
15.1
10.0
9.9
12.6
13.1
17.2
16.3
10.4
0
Race
Marital status
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
41
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
March 1994
Weeks
Thousands of persons
Occupation and Industry
Total
Less
than
5 weeks
15 weeks and over
5 to 14
weeks
15 to 26
weeks
Total
27 weeks
and over
Average
(mean)
duration
Median
duration
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
904
2,242
1,483
1,235
1,978
455
243
673
449
319
545
84
255
731
453
426
694
156
407
838
581
490
739
214
187
353
271
268
350
117
220
485
310
222
389
97
22.4
19.2
20.0
18.5
18.9
21.6
12.3
10.0
10.7
11.4
11.2
13.9
309
52
253
340
183
156
123
630
62
685
55
111
418
407
209
198
143
728
79
704
50
146
349
615
346
270
163
773
99
867
89
82
213
277
157
120
73
329
42
420
44
64
136
338
189
149
90
445
57
447
45
21.7
16.4
21.8
22.2
21.3
20.5
19.1
19.6
18.6
25.0
14.0
11.1
12.7
13.2
12.2
11.3
10.1
12.4
10.3
12.8
163
121
244
87
157
24.5
12.5
INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Public administration
1,020
1,362
738
624
428
2,131
240
2,256
194
528
No previous work experience
1
Includes wage and salary workers only.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
A-34. Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex
(In thousands)
March 1994
Category
Total not in the labor force
Do not want a job now1
Want a job1
Did not search for work in previous year.
Searched for work in previous year2
Not available to work now
Available to work now
Reason not currently looking:
Discouragement over job prospects3
Reasons other than discouragement
Family responsibilities
In school or training
Ill health or disability
Other4
1
Includes some persons who are not asked if they want a job.
Persons who had a job in the prior 12 months must have searched since
the end of that job.
3
Includes believes no work available, could not find work, lacks necessary
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of
2
42
Sex
Age
Total
16 to 24
years
25 to 54
years
55 years
and over
Men
Women
66,495
60,237
6,257
3,566
2,691
859
1,832
11,826
9,498
2,328
1,255
1,073
432
641
18,576
15,642
2,934
1,600
1,333
366
967
36,093
35,097
996
711
284
60
224
24,042
21,600
2,443
1,270
1,173
340
833
42,453
38,638
3,815
2,297
1,518
519
999
533
1,299
197
351
131
619
144
496
46
277
14
159
301
666
141
72
88
365
88
136
10
2
29
95
303
529
23
187
58
262
230
769
174
164
73
357
discrimination.
4
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for
such reasons as child care and and transportation problems, as well as a
small number for which reason for non participation was not ascertained.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-35. Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1994
Characteristic
Both sexes
Men
1
Number
7,176
219
6,956
856
6,100
5,575
525
463
62
5.9
4.0
6.0
6.9
5.9
6.3
3.6
4.2
1.7
6,309
660
438
4,083
1,143
1,950
Number
Women
1
Number
Rate1
3,889
71
3,818
434
3,385
3,094
291
247
43
6.0
2.6
6.1
6.7
6.1
6.5
3.6
4.1
2.1
3,287
149
3,138
423
2,716
2,481
234
216
19
5.9
5.4
5.9
7.1
5.7
6.1
3.5
4.3
12
6.1
5.3
4.1
3,416
354
274
6.1
5.8
4.3
2,893
305
164
6.1
4.7
3.9
5.6
6.4
6.4
2,470
414
1,005
6.0
6.0
5.9
1,612
730
945
5.1
6.6
7.0
Rate
Rate
AGE
2
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White
Black
Hispanic origin
MARITAL STATUS
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Primary job full time, secondary job part time
Primary and secondary jobs both part time
Primary and secondary jobs both full time
Hours vary on primary or secondary job
2,562
518
171
628
4,261
1,642
222
1,021
1
Multiple jobholders as a percent of all employed persons in specified
group.
2
Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their
primary job and full time on their secondary jobs(s), not shown separately.
1,699
1,123
51
394
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
A-36. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Unemployed
Employed
Total
Veteran status
and age
Percent of
labor force
Number
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
Mar.
1993
Mar.
1994
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 40 years and over
40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 years and over
7,116
6,316
2,389
2,868
1,059
800
7,440
6,570
2,039
3,173
1,358
870
6,356
5,888
2,241
2,673
974
467
6,538
6,054
1,879
2,950
1,226
483
6,019
5,575
2.102
2,558
916
443
6,238
5,770
1,746
2,845
1,179
468
337
313
139
115
58
24
300
285
133
105
47
15
5.3
5.3
6.2
4.3
6.0
5.1
4.6
4.7
7.1
3.6
3.8
3.1
15,087
6,637
4,491
3,960
15,822
7,217
4,688
3,918
13,620
6,175
4,057
3,388
14,281
6,715
4,200
3,366
12,713
5,805
3,764
3,145
13,576
6,373
3,999
3,204
907
370
294
243
705
342
201
162
6.7
6.0
7.2
7.2
4.9
5.1
4.8
4.8
NONVETERANS
Total, 40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces. Data for 1994
are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For
additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment
and Earnings.
43
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1943 to date
(In thousands)
Goods-producing
Year
and
month
Total
Total
private
Total
Mining
Construction
Service-producing
Manufacturing
Total
Transportation
and
public
utilities
Wholesale
trade
Retail
trade
Finance,
insurance,
and
Services
real
estate
Government
Federal
State
Local
Annual averages
O1
()
O1
()
(1)
0
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44.866
43,754
36.356
35.822
34.431
36,056
38.382
39,216
37,897
20.114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18.774
17,565
925
892
836
862
955
994
930
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15.582
14,441
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189
3,647
3,829
3.906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001
1,828
1,851
1.955
2,298
2,418
2,612
2,610
5,154
5,208
5,359
6,077
6,477
6,659
6,654
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,239
2,905
2,928
2,808
2.254
1.892
1,863
1,908
(1)
1950 ...
1951 ...
1952 ...
1953 ...
1954 ...
1955 ...
1956 ...
1957 ...
1958 ...
19592 ..
45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268
39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186
18,506
19,959
20,198
21.074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411
901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732
2,364
2.637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2.839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3.004
15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675
26.691
27.860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857
4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011
2,643
2,735
2,821
2,862
2,875
2,934
3,027
3,037
2,989
3,092
6.743
7,007
7,184
7,385
7,360
7,601
7,831
7,848
7,761
8,035
1,888
1.956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2.549
5,356
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6.708
6,765
7,087
1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2.188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()
1,168
1,250
1,328
1,415
1,484
3,558
3,819
4,071
4,232
4,366
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
54,189
53.999
55,549
56.653
58.283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384
45.836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189
20,434
19.857
20.451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23.737
24,361
712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619
2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3.350
3,575
16,796
16,326
16.853
16.995
17,274
18.062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167
33.755
34,142
35,098
36.013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023
4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442
3,153
3,142
3,207
3,258
3,347
3,477
3,608
3,700
3,791
3.919
8,238
8,195
8,359
8,520
8,812
9,239
9,637
9,906
10,308
10,785
2,628
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512
7,378
7,619
7.982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169
2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2.348
2,378
2,564
2.719
2,737
2.758
1,536
1,607
1,668
1.747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533
4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
70,880
71,214
73,675
76.790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89.823
58.325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876
23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25.585
26,461
623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958
3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463
19,367
18,623
19,151
20.154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040
47,302
48.278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58.125
61,113
63,363
4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136
4,006
4,014
4,127
4,291
4,447
4,430
4,562
4,723
4,985
5,221
11,034
11,338
11,822
12,315
12,539
12,630
13,193
13,792
14,556
14,972
3.645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975
11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,302
16,252
17,112
2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2.724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773
2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541
7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
90,406
91,152
89,544
90,152
94,408
97,387
99,344
101,958
105,210
107,895
74,166
75,121
73,707
74,282
78.384
80,992
82.651
84,948
87.824
90,117
25,656
25,497
23.812
23,330
24,718
24,842
24,533
24,674
25,125
25,254
1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
927
111
717
713
692
4,346
4,188
3,904
3,946
4,380
4,668
4,810
4,958
5,098
5,171
20,285
20.170
18,780
18,432
19,372
19,248
18,947
18,999
19,314
19,391
64,748
65,655
65,732
66,821
69,690
72,544
74,811
77,284
80,086
82,642
5.146
5,165
5,081
4,952
5,156
5,233
5,247
5,362
5,514
5,625
5,292
5,375
5,295
5,283
5,568
5,727
5.761
5,848
6,030
6,187
15,018
15,171
15,158
15,587
16,512
17,315
17,880
18.422
19.023
19,475
5,160
5,298
5,340
5,466
5,684
5,948
6,273
6,533
6,630
6.668
17,890
18,615
19,021
19,664
20,746
21,927
22,957
24,110
25,504
26,907
2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899
2,943
2,971
2,988
3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,832
3,893
3,967
4,076
4,182
9,765
9.619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,687
9,901
10,100
10,339
10,609
1990
1991
1992
1993
...
...
...
...
109,419
108,256
108,519
110,178
91,115
89.854
89,866
91,336
24,905
23,745
23,142
22,975
709
689
631
599
5,120
4,650
4,471
4,574
19,076
18,406
18,040
17,802
84,514
84,511
85,377
87,203
5,793
5,762
5,709
5,708
6,173
6,081
6,045
6,113
19,601
19,284
19,346
19,743
6.709
6,646
6,571
6,604
27,934
28,336
29,053
30,192
3,085
2,966
2,969
2,915
4,305
4.355
4,403
4,467
10,914
11,081
11,281
11,459
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0
O
0
01
()
(1)
()
O
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
1993:
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October ....
November
December.
1994:
January
February..
MarchP
1
109,565
109.820
110,058
110,101
110,338
110,305
110,502
110,664
110,880
111,110
90,777
91,020
91,239
91,278
91,497
91,478
91,580
91,761
91,976
92,156
23.016
22,980
23,006
22,941
22,948
22,903
22,886
22.934
22,994
23,008
600
600
602
596
595
592
596
596
595
605
4,481
4,517
4,577
4,574
4,593
4.593
4,592
4,629
4,664
4,665
17.935
17,863
17,827
17,771
17,760
17,718
17,698
17,709
17,735
17,738
86,549
86,840
87,052
87,160
87,390
87,402
87,616
87,730
87.886
88,102
5,724
5,720
5,719
5,711
5,709
5,690
5,692
5,693
5,700
5,697
6,103
6,110
6,125
6,110
6,126
6,107
6,117
6,122
6,129
6,133
19,604
19,648
19,702
19,751
19,790
19,795
19,836
19,846
19,853
19,949
6,574
6,585
6.588
6,590
6,604
6.602
6,616
6,632
6,651
6,660
29,756
29.977
30,099
30,175
30,320
30,381
30,433
30,534
30,649
30,709
2,938
2,923
2,912
2,901
2,896
2,906
2,901
2,901
2,896
2,918
4,443
4,458
4,462
4,451
4,477
4,471
4,507
4.488
4.486
4.498
11,407
11,419
11,445
11,471
11,468
11,450
11.514
11,514
11,522
11,538
111,079
111,277
111,733
92,150
92,350
92,772
23,024
23,018
23,101
602
601
598
4,653
4,643
4,717
17,769
17,774
17,786
88,055
88,259
88,632
5,708
5,716
5,737
6,156
6,174
6,184
19,923
19,986
20,060
6,656
6,664
6,675
30,683
30,792
31,015
2,897
2,886
2,880
4,472
4.490
4,499
11,560
11.551
11,582
Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonfarm total for the March 1959 benchmark
month.
p
= preliminary.
2
44
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1992
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1992) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1989) are subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month
Construction
Mining
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7
$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04
$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61
41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0
$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7
3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16
119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91
42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8
34.8
34.7
34.6
6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76
8.98
9.28
9.66
235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85
312.50
322.02
334.24
1990
1991
1992
1993
34.5
34.3
34.4
34.5
10.01
10.32
10.58
10.83
345.35
353.98
363.95
373.64
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80
37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9
$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79
$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54
3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49
164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07
37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0
5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27
195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99
43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2
42.4
42.3
43.0
9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.46
12.54
12.80
13.26
397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
525.81
531.70
541.44
570.18
37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4
37.8
37.9
37.9
9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.48
12.71
13.08
13.54
367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.46
466.75
480.44
495.73
513.17
44.1
44.4
43.9
44.2
13.68
14.19
14.54
14.60
603.29
630.04
638.31
645.32
38.2
38.1
38.0
38.4
13.77
14.00
14.15
14.35
526.01
533.40
537.70
551.04
Annual averages
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1993:
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November.
December.
1994:
January
Februaryp ..
Marchp
34.0
34.2
34.6
34.6
34.8
35.1
34.5
34.6
34.5
34.7
$10.79
10.79
10.82
10.76
10.75
10.78
10.91
10.94
10.96
10.97
$366.86
369.02
374.37
372.30
374.10
378.38
376.40
378.52
378.12
380.66
42.9
43.7
44.3
44.1
44.1
44.9
44.5
45.5
44.7
44.6
$14.71
14.88
14.72
14.59
14.48
14.43
14.53
14.46
14.43
14.66
$631.06
650.26
652.10
643.42
638.57
647.91
646.59
657.93
645.02
653.84
37.4
37.8
39.2
39.3
39.5
39.7
38.3
39.3
38.6
38.2
$14.27
14.25
14.31
14.23
14.35
14.43
14.51
14.53
14.44
14.44
$533.70
538.65
560.95
559.24
566.83
572.87
555.73
571.03
557.38
551.61
34.3
34.0
34.4
11.06
11.06
11.05
379.36
376.04
380.12
44.1
43.6
44.1
15.05
14.84
14.85
663.71
647.02
654.89
37.0
36.0
38.2
14.38
14.43
14.42
532.06
519.48
550.84
See footnotes at end of table.
45
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities
Manufacturing
Year and
month
Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63
$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74
40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2
$2.52
2.60
2.73
2.87
3.04
3.23
$102.56
106.08
111.11
115.66
121.90
129.85
40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9
3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16
155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58
39.9
39.4
39.4
39.2
38.8
38.6
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8
3.43
3.64
3.85
4.07
4.38
4.72
5.02
5.39
5.88
6.39
136.86
143.42
151.69
159.54
169.94
182.19
194.27
209.13
228.14
247.93
288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01
406.31
418.81
429.68
39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.2
38.8
38.9
8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70
12.03
12.26
12.60
351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64
471.58
475.69
490.14
38.4
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.1
38.1
38.0
6.95
7.55
8.08
8.54
8.88
9.15
9.34
9.59
9.98
10.39
266.88
290.68
309.46
328.79
341.88
351.36
357.72
365.38
380.24
394.82
441.86
455.03
469.86
486.86
38.9
38.7
38.9
39.7
12.97
13.22
13.46
13.64
504.53
511.61
523.59
541.51
38.1
38.1
38.2
38.2
10.79
11.15
11.39
11.71
411.10
424.82
435.10
447.32
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6
$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19
$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05
$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51
41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7
39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2
3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70
3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43
133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34
39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7
41.0
41.1
41.0
7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.54
9.73
9.91
10.19
10.48
7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.34
9.48
9.73
10.02
40.8
40.7
41.0
41.4
10.83
11.18
11.46
11.76
10.37
10.71
10.95
11.20
Hourly
earnings
Wholesale trade
Annual averages
1964
1965
1966 .
1967
1968
1969
...
. .
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
. .
1990
1991
1992
1993
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1993:
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1994:
January
February** .
March"
40.9
40.9
41.3
41.4
41.0
41.5
41.5
41.8
42.0
42.4
$11.64
11.71
11.72
11.73
11.73
11.71
11.86
11.81
11.88
12.01
$11.14
11.19
11.18
11.17
11.19
11.14
11.25
11.21
11.27
11.37
$476.08
478.94
484.04
485.62
480.93
485.97
492.19
493.66
498.96
509.22
39.2
39.2
39.8
39.7
40.0
40.4
39.8
39.9
39.8
39.9
$13.63
13.61
13.57
13.58
13.65
13.65
13.70
13.68
13.71
13.75
$534.30
533.51
540.09
539.13
546.00
551.46
545.26
545.83
545.66
548.63
37.8
38.0
38.4
38.3
38.3
38.4
38.1
38.3
38.2
38.3
$11.59
11.70
11.73
11.64
11.71
11.73
11.78
11.80
11.79
11.84
$438.10
444.60
450.43
445.81
448.49
450.43
448.82
451.94
450.38
453.47
41.5
40.9
41.9
11.97
12.02
12.01
11.39
11.44
11.40
496.76
491.62
503.22
39.6
39.6
39.7
13.84
13.87
13.88
548.06
549.25
551.04
38.2
37.9
38.1
11.94
11.92
11.86
456.11
451.77
451.87
See footnotes at end of table.
46
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Retail trade
Year and
month
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2
$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30
$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66
37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1
$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93
$85.79
88.91
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6
2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53
82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62
36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2
29.2
29.1
28.9
4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03
6.12
6.31
6.53
147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
176.08
178.70
183.62
188.72
1990
1991
1992
1993
28.8
28.6
28.8
28.8
6.75
6.94
7.13
7.29
194.40
198.48
205.34
209.95
Services
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70
36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7
$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61
$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57
3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27
112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77
34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7
2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36
96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27
36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.3
35.9
35.8
5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.36
8.73
9.06
9.53
209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.30
316.90
325.25
341.17
32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.6
32.6
5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.18
8.49
8.88
9.38
190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.75
265.85
275.93
289.49
305.79
35.8
35.7
35.8
35.7
9.97
10.39
10.82
11.32
356.93
370.92
387.36
404.12
32.5
32.4
32.5
32.5
9.83
10.23
10.55
10.81
319.48
331.45
342.88
351.33
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Annual averages
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1993:
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November,
December.
1994:
January
February" ..
Marchp
27.8
28.5
28.9
29.1
29.6
29.7
28.9
28.8
28.6
29.3
$7.28
7.27
7.28
7.26
7.24
7.24
7.32
7.36
7.36
7.36
$202.38
207.20
210.39
211.27
214.30
215.03
211.55
211.97
210.50
215.65
35.5
35.7
36.2
35.6
35.6
36.4
35.6
35.7
35.6
35.7
$11.17
11.21
11.34
11.20
11.24
11.35
11.38
11.48
11.52
11.60
$396.54
400.20
410.51
398.72
400.14
413.14
405.13
409.84
410.11
414.12
32.3
32.3
32.7
32.6
32.8
33.1
32.3
32.4
32.5
32.4
$10.81
10.77
10.78
10.68
10.64
10.68
10.85
10.89
10.95
11.01
$349.16
347.87
352.51
348.17
348.99
353.51
350.46
352.84
355.88
356.72
28.2
28.1
28.5
7.45
7.45
7.44
210.09
209.35
212.04
36.3
35.8
35.7
11.74
11.71
11.67
426.16
419.22
416.62
32.6
32.3
32.4
11.09
11.08
11.06
361.53
357.88
358.34
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1992 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1992 forward are subject to revision.
47
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1993
1994
Industry
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.p
Mar.p
109,565 109,820 110,058 110,101 110,338 110,305 110,502 110,664 110,880 111,110 111,079 111,277 111,733
Total
Total private
90,777 91,020 91,239 91,278 91,497 91,478 91,580 91,761 91,976 92,156 92,150 92,350 92,772
Goods-producing
23,016 22,980 23,006 22,941 22,948 22,903 22,886 22,934 22,994 23,008 23,024 23,018 23,101
1
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction1
General building contractors
600
334
600
335
602
338
596
340
595
346
592
351
596
352
596
351
595
349
605
344
602
341
601
339
598
337
4,481
1,049
4,517
1,062
4,577
1,067
4,574
1,063
4,593
1,060
4,593
1,050
4,592
1,050
4,629
1,062
4,664
1,078
4,665
1,085
4,653
1,083
4,643
1,068
4,717
1,090
17,935 17,863 17,827 17,771 17,760 17,718 17,698 17,709 17,735 17,738 17,769 17,774 17,786
Manufacturing
10,144 10,090 10,047 10,011
Durable goods
678
690
683
677
Lumber and wood products
482
480
480
481
Furniture and fixtures
512
513
511
511
Stone, clay, and glass products
678
682
678
673
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel
237
239
products
241
240
1,306
Fabricated metal products
1,316
1,310
1,320
1,904
1,900
1,902
Industrial machinery and equipment...
1,904
Electronic and other electrical
1,513
equipment
1,525
1,519
1,508
Transportation equipment
1,771
1,743
1,723
1,712
827
810
804
Motor vehicles and equipment
803
563
558
541
550
Aircraft and parts
896
892
880
886
Instruments and related products
363
364
363
Miscellaneous manufacturing
363
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products....
Leather and leather products
7,791
1,658
48
669
992
684
1,503
1,078
156
886
117
7,773
1,651
48
670
987
682
1,503
1,074
156
886
116
7,780
7,760
1,650
1,646
48
667
48
670
988
682
1,506
1,077
156
887
116
983
9,996
678
482
511
672
9,974
680
479
511
670
9,974
683
479
512
671
9,988 10,013 10,028 10,061 10,067 10,074
694
699
690
705
706
703
485
480
482
487
486
487
514
513
513
517
516
518
675
672
676
676
678
677
237
1,304
1,898
236
1,303
1,891
236
1,304
1,893
236
1,307
1,892
238
1,313
1,897
236
1,315
1,897
237
1,325
1,901
237
1,324
1,906
234
1,330
1,911
1,506
1,706
807
534
876
363
1,506
1,700
812
528
874
360
1,507
1,696
814
527
869
360
1,509
1,697
823
521
868
360
1,515
1,698
827
514
865
360
1,518
1,703
842
505
861
361
1,516
1,713
875
499
859
362
1,522
1,713
867
492
856
360
1,528
1,707
863
488
853
360
7,764
1,645
47
668
7,744
1,651
45
663
7,724
1,640
45
662
7,721
7,722
1,649
47
662
7,712
1,652
44
666
973
969
678
7,708
1,642
44
662
950
677
1,508
1,059
152
898
116
7,707
1,647
44
664
979
680
7,710
1,644
46
662
951
676
1,505
1,065
153
892
116
947
676
945
675
1,510
681
1,503
1,506
1,075
1,076
155
887
115
155
891
117
678
1,507
1,072
154
886
115
1,507
1,072
154
883
114
1,652
45
663
962
676
1,503
1,068
154
883
115
959
675
1,505
1,066
155
889
115
1,509
1,053
151
902
114
1,051
151
904
114
86,549 86,840 87,052 87,160 87,390 87,402 87,616 87,730 87,886 88,102 88,055 88,259 88,632
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Trucking and warehousing
Transportation by air
Communications and public utilities
5,724
3,513
1,627
735
2,211
5,720
3,513
1,629
737
2,207
5,719
3,515
1,630
736
2,204
5,711
3,510
1,624
735
2,201
5,709
3,514
1,632
732
2,195
5,690
3,497
1,631
728
2,193
5,692
3,503
1,630
732
2,189
5,693
3,505
1,631
729
2,188
5,700
3,517
1,638
731
2,183
5,697
3,521
1,629
739
2,176
5,708
3,529
1,643
736
2,179
5,716
3,540
1,653
737
2,176
5,737
3,565
1,663
740
2,172
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
6,103
3,482
2,621
6,110
3,488
2,622
6,125
3,489
2,636
6,110
3,488
2,622
6,126
3,497
2,629
6,107
3,488
2,619
6,117
3,497
2,620
6,122
3,499
2,623
6,129
3,505
2,624
6,133
3,512
2,621
6,156
3,525
2,631
6,174
3,536
2,638
6,184
3,540
2,644
19,604
2,394
3,198
19,648
2,378
3,199
2,018
1,143
6,743
2,021
1,138
6,803
Retail trade1
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service
stations
Apparel and accessory stores
Eating and drinking places
See footnotes at end of table.
48
,
19,702 19,751 19,790 19,795 19,836 19,846 19,853
2,366 2,359 2,364 2,365 2,361
2,368
2,356
3,205 3,220 3,217
3,226 3,220 3,228 3,213
2,026
1,144
6,843
2,029
1,145
2,033
1,144
6,892
2,040
1,145
6,902
2,046
1,143
6,927
2,053
1,135
6,929
2,062
1,130
6,950
19,949 19,923 19,986 20,060
2,357 2,332 2,347 2,366
3,218 3,222 3,234 3,246
2,075
1,147
6,993
2,080
1,126
6,990
2,097
1,126
6,968
2,108
1,129
7,000
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994
1993
Industry
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions
Insurance
Real estate
Mar.
Apr.
May
6,574
3,185
2,111
2,109
1,280
6,585
3,195
2,113
2,108
1,282
6,588
3,197
2,110
2,110
1,281
June
6,5901
3,2011
2.107J
2,112
1,277
July
Aug.
6,604
3,214
2,119
2,114
1,276
6,602
3,215
2,116
2,114
1,273
Sept.
6,616
3,226
2,117
2,113
1,277
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
6,632
3,242
2,122
2,111
1,279
6,651
3,253
2,125
2,114
1,284
6,660
3,262
2,126
2,113
1,285
6,656
3,266
2,126
2,105
1,285
Feb.p
6,664
3,276
2,127
2,103
1,285
Mar.p
6,675
3,286
2,134
2,101
1,288
Services1
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Personnel supply services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services ....
Health services
Hospitals
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Museums and botanical and zoological
gardens
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services
29,756 29,977 30,099 30,175 30,320 30,381 30,433 30,534 30,649 30,709 30,683 30,792 31,015
505
527
524
509
520
524
540
539
535
516
512
510
494
1,563 1,564 1,572 1,580 1,584 1,577 1,584 1,596 1,586 1,587 1,594 1,589 1,602
1,121
1,091
1,123 1,114 1,116 1,115 1,110 1,100 1,094 1,092
1,126
1,123
1,086
5,598 5,665 5,696 5,721 5,772 5,800 5,814 5,902 5,945 5,976 5,975 6,028 6,102
1,941 1,954 1,997 2,012 2,015 2,085 2,108 2,140 2,148 2,181 2,224
1,921
1,874
927
921
915
942
937
931
906
992
977
967
962
951
942
354
356
356
353
369
366
361
360
358
355
355
352
369
428
414
417
435
424
426
422
426
421
415
415
416
429
1,198
1,206
1,209 1,212 1,194 1,172 1,174 1,173 1,134 1,158 1,190
1,200
1,148
8,985 8,997 9,017
8,885 8,902 8,933 8,961
8,847 8,861
8,784 8,819
9,033 9,078
Government
Federal
State
Local
18,788 18,800 18,819 18,823 18,841 18,827 18,922 18,903 18,904 18,954 18,929 18,927 18,961
2,923
2,912 2,901
2,938
2,901
2,906
2,896
2,896 2,918 2,897 2,886 2,880
2,901
4,443 4,458 4,462 4,451 4,477 4,471 4,507 4,488 4,486 4,498 4,472 4,490 4,499
11,407 11,419 11,445 11,471 11,468 11,450 11,514 11,514 11,522 11,538 11,560 11,551 11,582
1
3,811
3,813
928
930
1,736
2,032
73
1,951
2,503
3,819
3,822
3,820
3,821
929
1,735
2,068
929
930
933
1,742
2,045
3,825
931
1,745
2,050
1,752
2,098
1,747
2,110
1,757
2,092
75
1,956
2,509
76
1,955
2,522
76
1,965
2,527
76
1,964
2,528
77
1,963
2,527
77
1,962
2,540
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
p
3,816
3,816
3,816
930
932
934
2,099
1,768
2,109
1,760
2,112
1,769
2,120
3,820
932
1,786
2,131
78
1,969
2,544
78
1,968
2,542
77
1,971
2,530
77
1,969
2,538
78
1,981
2,542
3,818
932
1,755
3,818
933
1,770
2,086
78
1,964
2,536
March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are
subject to revision.
49
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1993
1994
Industry
Jan.
Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Feb.
Mar.,
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
52,816 52,937 52,943 53,103 53,254 53,307 53,468 53,433 53,505 53,567 53,658 53,790 53,726
42,690 42,791 42,784 42,937 43,075 43,103 43,210 43,193 43,261 43,336 43,428 43,509 43,453
6,492
6,498
6,489
6,472
6,461
6,433
6,432
6,404
6,390
6,389
6,401
6,394
6,395
90
88
87
87
87
86
87
87
86
87
87
87
86
506
510
507
507
506
508
511
510
512
513
515
516
517
5,896
5,900
5,895
5,878
5,868
5,839
5,834
5,807
5,792
5,789
5,799
5,791
5,792
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
2,700
112
145
102
92
291
419
640
363
371
165
2,700
112
146
103
92
292
419
642
359
370
165
2,695
113
146
102
91
291
420
642
356
368
166
2,683
112
145
102
91
290
418
640
353
366
166
2,671
110
145
101
91
288
418
639
351
363
165
2,660
110
146
101
91
287
415
637
347
361
165
2,650
111
146
101
90
287
412
635
345
358
165
2,642
111
145
101
90
286
410
635
345
356
163
2,640
112
145
101
90
286
411
635
343
354
163
2,642
113
145
102
91
287
410
637
341
353
163
2,646
114
147
101
91
288
410
638
342
352
163
2,648
115
147
100
91
289
410
640
343
351
162
2,652
116
148
101
92
291
409
638
345
350
162
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
3,196
535
16
320
770
168
664
336
25
298
64
3,200
536
16
320
769
168
666
336
25
299
65
3,200
536
15
319
770
167
666
337
25
300
65
3,195
535
16
320
766
166
666
336
25
300
65
3,197
535
16
320
766
166
667
337
25
301
64
3,179
531
16
318
759
165
666
336
25
299
64
3,184
530
15
318
762
166
666
337
24
301
65
3,165
532
14
315
750
165
669
335
24
298
63
3,152
522
15
315
747
164
668
335
25
298
63
3,147
531
15
315
739
163
666
334
24
297
63
3,153
532
15
313
738
164
668
335
24
300
64
3,143
529
15
313
730
164
668
335
25
300
64
3,140
528
14
314
726
164
669
333
25
302
65
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing
46,324 46,439 46,454 46,631 46,793 46,874 47,036 47,029 47,115 47,178 47,257 47,396 47,331
Transportation and public utilities
1,677
1,679
1,680
1,678
1,679
1,681
1,680
1,674
1,675
1,679
1,683
1,679
1,679
Wholesale trade
1,868
1,869
1,869
1,874
1,876
1,867
1,871
1,862
1,866
1,874
1,876
1,876
1,882
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
10,331 10,381 10,348 10,370 10,405 10,431 10,451 10,441 10,459 10,467 10,472 10,521 10,493
4,169
4,166
4,162
4,170
4,178
4,178
4,189
4,192
4,200
4,201
4,217
4,223
4,219
Services
18,153 18,198 18,236 18,373 18,476 18,513 18,587 18,620 18,671 18,726 18,779 18,816 18,785
Government
Federal
State
Local
10,126 10,146 10,159 10,166 10,179 10,204 10,258 10,240 10,244 10,231 10,230 10,281 10,273
1,213
1,221
1,212 1,207 1,200 1,205 1,204 1,203
1,203
1,204
1,222 1,220 1,216
2,216 2,218 2,220 2,223 2,226 2,223 2,243 2,242 2,250 2,245 2,243 2,249 2,230
6,774 6,815 6,793 6,790 6,783 6,784 6,819 6,839
6,689 6,706 6,719 6,727 6,741
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
50
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally
adjusted
(In thousands)
1993
1994
Industry
Mar.
Total private....
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Mar.1
424
423
426
421
420
417
421
419
418
430
426
425
422
3,433
3,467
3,534
3,528
3,548
3,544
3,544
3,579
3,611
3,602
3,570
3,576
3,644
12,231 12,178 12,155 12,115 12,106 12,071 12,074 12,091 12,127 12,139 12,178 12,203 12,215
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
1,125
639
439
261
6,745
561
379
393
516
183
969
1,148
970
1,109
625
438
262
6,718
557
381
394
516
183
966
1,148
967
1,096
619
432
261
6,696
556
380
393
513
181
964
1,150
963
1,087
617
430
260
6,684
557
380
394
511
180
961
1,150
962
1,082
618
427
260
6,668
559
377
393
510
179
962
1,144
959
1,081
620
426
257
6,682
562
379
394
511
180
963
1,148
962
1,081
621
424
258
6,702
569
379
396
512
181
966
1,152
966
1,081
626
423
258
6,725
572
382
396
516
182
972
1,156
969
1,084
631
421
257
6,749
576
384
397
515
181
975
1,161
976
1,087
644
420
258
6,786
582
385
400
517
181
982
1,166
972
1,105
676
419
258
6,804
584
385
398
521
181
984
1,174
979
1,104
672
418
257
6,812
581
385
401
520
178
985
1,177
985
1,104
665
417
257
5,448
1,212
36
569
834
517
832
565
103
686
5,433
1,206
36
571
828
514
832
565
103
685
5,437
1,203
36
571
829
515
833
568
103
686
5,419
1,199
36
568
823
515
832
ODD
102
685
5,422
1,199
35
568
819
514
833
570
102
688
5,403
1,206
33
563
813
512
832
567
101
684
5,392
1,195
34
563
812
511
831
571
101
683
5,389
1,206
34
564
805
510
828
571
100
679
5,402
1,207
36
562
805
510
828
574
101
687
5,390
1,203
34
563
797
510
827
575
99
690
92
5,392
1,201
33
564
795
511
829
573
98
696
92
5,399
1,206
33
565
794
511
830
570
98
701
91
5,403
1,211
34
567
791
511
830
569
98
701
91
94
93
93
93
94
92
91
92
92
Service-producing
57,739 57,946 58,176 58,232 58,429 58,461 58,538 58,690 58,800
Transportation and public utilities
4,794
4,792
4,790
4,783
4,784
4,763
4,761
4,771
4,776
4,923
4,924
4,935
4,922
4,938
4,927
4,932
4,939
4,944
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
17,274 17,302 17,371 17,396 17,420 17,430 17,446 17,462 17,474
4,769
4,767
4,775
4,781
4,797
4,800
58,908 58,880 59,083 59,363
4,758
4,774
4,783
4,804
4,949
4,964
4,984
4,985
17,531 17,509 17,575 17,621
4,853
4,814
4,828
4,841
25,979 26,161 26,305 26,350 26,490 26,541 26,585 26,690 26,765
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.
Feb.p
16,088 16,068 16,115 16,064 16,074 16,032 16,039 16,089 16,156 16,171 16,174 16,204 16,281
6,783
569
379
397
520
184
973
1,147
973
Services
Jan.
73,827 74,014 74,291 74,296 74,503 74,493 74,577 74,779 74,956 75,079 75,054 75,287 75,644
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Dec.
4,847
4,853
4,866
26,817 26,786 26,888 27,087
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are subject to revision.
51
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
DIFFUSION INDEXES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Sept.
Aug.
Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
1
Over 1-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
59.0
39.2
41.9
58.1
55.8
57.4
39.9
45.6
59.7
P 57.0
52.1
40.2
51.1
51.0
P 61.9
49.2
36.7
55.9
53.8
49.9
50.0
52.5
56.9
51.3
43.7
45.2
46.5
45.9
47.6
52.2
57.9
44.1
52.9
45.5
44.4
42.7
48.0
52.7
57.2
40.9
46.9
52.4
53.9
41.7
46.1
52.0
61.0
40.3
45.2
54.8
56.0
Over 3-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
59.0
33.8
40.7
61.8
P59.1
59.8
32.4
44.5
60.8
P64.2
53.9
32.0
51.8
58.7
48.9
39.0
56.0
56.2
48.0
38.9
52.9
52.4
47.2
43.8
50.4
55.1
46.2
48.0
44.8
46.5
40.6
49.4
47.8
52.8
36.9
50.3
47.3
51.8
35.5
44.5
52.0
61.9
35.5
42.6
54.2
60.0
35.3
40.3
57.2
60.3
Over 6-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
58.7
30.2
45.4
59.7
55.2
33.0
47.1
58.3
55.3
31.9
47.5
58.3
51.3
33.7
51.7
57.7
46.9
39.3
51.3
49.7
43.4
43.7
48.9
51.1
40.4
46.2
47.3
52.9
38.6
45.2
45.6
55.9
36.0
46.9
48.9
58.7
33.3
43.8
51.8
57.0
32.0
41.6
57.7
P61.0
41.2
56.6
P63.9
Over 12-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
55.5
31.0
47.8
52.5
52.7
31.0
43.0
52.4
51.7
31.7
42.3
53.4
48.5
31.9
42.7
56.6
45.4
31.7
45.8
58.8
42.6
33.8
47.2
59.7
39.3
35.8
49.3
60.5
36.1
37.5
54.2
P59.6
35.8
40.0
53.1
P61.7
33.0
44.9
51.3
33.0
45.5
52.1
30.6
46.3
51.5
31.0
Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
48.9
33.8
37.4
53.2
54.7
48.6
34.2
41.4
54.7
P52.9
44.6
33.5
47.8
47.5
P53.2
47.5
36.3
49.6
36.3
40.3
46.4
45.7
50.7
44.6
42.1
41.0
38.5
40.3
45.3
50.4
50.7
39.6
51.8
37.1
37.1
35.6
41.7
46.8
48.2
38.1
47.1
39.6
49.3
29.1
41.4
50.4
55.8
34.5
40.3
47.1
51.8
Over 3-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
45.7
23.7
33.5
55.0
P54.0
47.1
22.3
38.5
57.6
P 57.9
46.4
19.8
43.5
45.7
39.6
33.5
45.0
42.1
40.3
35.6
41.7
34.2
38.1
38.8
44.6
44.2
36.0
45.7
35.6
32.4
29.1
46.0
37.1
39.2
29.1
48.6
29.9
38.8
22.7
38.8
39.9
54.0
23.0
37.4
42.8
55.4
22.3
33.1
51.4
56.5
46.0
14.7
34.9
50.7
41.4
20.9
34.5
46.0
42.4
21.6
36.0
45.0
41.7
25.5
42.8
43.9
35.6
34.5
39.6
32.7
32.4
38.8
36.0
29.9
28.1
42.4
30.2
38.5
25.2
40.3
31.7
41.0
21.9
41.0
34.2
47.8
21.2
38.1
37.4
48.9
18.3
34.5
48.6
P55.4
P56.1
37.8
16.5
41.0
36.3
35.3
16.2
33.5
37.4
33.5
17.3
31.3
36.0
33.1
18.0
27.7
41.4
28.1
20.9
31.3
42.8
26.3
24.1
34.5
45.7
23.7
26.3
35.6
49.3
20.5
30.6
41.4
P47.5
19.4
32.7
41.7
P48.9
16.5
37.8
37.1
16.2
36.7
38.1
15.8
36.7
36.3
Over 6-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
Over 12-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1
Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and
unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus
one half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent
52
17.6
34.2
49.6
indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1992 benchmark levels.
When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data (beginning April 1992) and all seasonally
adjusted data (beginning January 1989) are subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994
State
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Total
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
1,705.0
251.2
1,545.6
981.7
12,062.4
1,641.8
1,537.9
346.5
672.9
5,486.6
3,061.0
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
540.2
428.1
5,293.1
2,595.6
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
2,817.8
3,982.2
2,222.1
984.2
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
1,265.0
1,124.4
1,534.9
1,644.4
514.3
2,093.1
2,365.6
321.8
754.9
655.8
496.1
3,478.2
615.7
7,736.0
3,196.8
282.1
4,896.0
1,237.1
1,299.3
5,112.3
427.0
1,553.3
312.2
2,302.6
7,398.9
791.1
255.4
2,893.9
2,237.1
645,7
2,397.1
207.9
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.?
1
1,727.4
1,705.3
251.4
1,552.3
983.5
12,047.2
1,649.3
1,532.2
344.3
672.5
5,495.3
3,061.5
1,713.0
250.5
1,565.3
986.3
12,029.2
1,658.8
1,528.8
346.8
673.7
5,542.5
3,083.0
1,710.1
250.0
1,566.8
987.2
12,020.8
1,656.4
1,529.2
347.0
669.9
5,546.0
3,082.0
1,714.0
251.5
1,577.4
988.7
12,010.3
1,663.7
1,525.2
347.2
666.9
5,562.3
3,087.4
1,711.8
253.3
1,580.0
993.4
12,012.0
1,676.5
1,528.6
349.1
671.0
5,582.2
3,117.2
1,715.7
253.7
1,582.7
995.0
11,990.4
1,678.2
1,525.4
348.8
667.4
5,597.7
3,126.5
1,718.0
254.1
1,589.0
993.8
11,969.8
1,678.0
1,528.7
350.6
667.4
5,612.1
3,138.8
1,722.3
254.3
1,587.5
995.9
11,953.1
1,680.9
1,528.5
349.6
670.0
5,628.6
3,155.5
1,721.6
254.1
1,591.6
997.7
11,943.7
1,683.6
1,525.1
350.3
668.1
5,644.9
3,163.3
1,722.2
255.4
1,593.7
996.1
11,940.3
1,690.5
1,522.6
350.8
667.0
5,668.3
3,170.9
1,722.7
255.0
1,597.7
1,000.3
11,947.6
1,692.5
1,532.2
350.0
665.8
5,657.8
3,176.8
540.3
428.0
5,291.8
2,594.6
1,267.2
1,126.7
1,534.0
1,645.1
515.8
2,084.9
541.6
431.1
5,299.8
2,577.2
1,270.7
1,128.3
1,533.1
1,641.6
517.9
2,096.8
542.1
433.6
5,307.1
2,571.6
1,274.5
1,130.4
1,533.6
1,638.6
519.6
2,100.9
541.8
434.7
5,303.3
2,581.1
1,279.3
1,136.6
1,536.3
1,637.8
518.9
2,098.2
541.2
438.4
5,325.7
2,581.6
1,277.1
1,140.8
1,535.6
1,643.2
519.1
2,101.4
539.1
439.5
5,329.7
2,584.0
1,282.0
1,135.5
1,535.9
1,645.3
520.3
2,102.5
538.3
440.9
5,335.7
2,589.4
1,285.2
1,145.0
1,538.5
1,644.2
519.8
2,108.5
539.6
445.1
5,354.2
2,599.1
1,287.1
1,146.6
1,540.0
1,644.4
521.9
2,109.1
537.3
447.5
5,359.3
2,609.0
1,291.5
1,146.2
1,542.3
1,645.8
522.2
2,108.6
536.5
448.4
5,374.0
2,612.2
1,293.4
1,149.7
1,539.6
1,647.9
521.6
2,111.0
534.0
451.2
5,352.0
2,613.5
1,293.1
1,150.5
1,529.2
1,642.1
517.7
2,111.4
533.4
452.0
5,368.4
2,616.5
1,294.6
1,150.4
1,540.0
2,813.1
3,983.2
2,228.2
987.6
2,367.0
322.6
756.3
659.2
495.0
3,466.6
2,828.7
3,977.2
2,233.7
991.4
2,386.7
324.5
762.2
661.3
499.8
3,484.4
2,831.1
3,975.3
2,235.1
995.4
2,392.2
324.7
760.9
661.7
500.3
3,489.2
2,834.6
3,969.0
2,237.4
997.9
2,399.3
326.0
761.3
666.2
501.4
3,492.3
2,857.2
3,983.4
2,240.1
1,001.1
2,401.8
328.9
766.7
669.6
504.1
3,492.8
2,860.3
3,977.5
2,239.9
1,009.2
2,408.2
330.1
768.3
674.9
503.1
3,496.7
2,866.2
3,991.7
2,243.5
1,005.0
2,416.3
329.6
768.1
679.1
501.4
. 3,502.1
2,869.8
3,991.1
2,256.0
1,008.7
2,419.3
330.2
768.4
683.7
504.4
3,510.0
2,870.2
4,007.6
2,266.3
1,010.1
2,422.4
329.7
767.7
688.6
504.0
3,512.1
2,868.4
4,014.7
2,272.7
1,009.9
2,430.9
331.0
768.9
696.5
504.6
3,516.9
2,891.7
4,028.4
2,283.3
1,013.6
2,421.8
331.2
770.2
697.9
508.8
3,521.3
2,894.3
4,046.4
2,288.4
1,018.5
2,430.1
332.5
618.4
7,719.4
3,200.6
282.6
4,884.7
1,238.2
1,302.6
5,095.8
426.0
1,556.0
622.1
7,733.7
3,222.7
283.7
4,902.6
1,238.9
1,305.8
5,111.3
426.9
1,567.7
622.6
7,738.8
3,233.3
284.4
4,907.3
1,238.9
1,305.1
5,117.3
428.5
1,566.6
625.5
7,733.0
3,243.9
284.1
4,905.8
1,243.9
1,309.1
5,107.9
430.0
1,571.3
624.7
7,752.9
3,262.9
285.7
4,902.9
1,248.5
1,313.6
5,112.5
431.5
1,578.4
626.9
7,743.5
3,270.8
286.0
4,907.9
1,246.8
1,313.5
5,108.3
431.8
1,579.2
628.6
7,737.9
3,270.7
287.2
4,912.1
1,241.6
1,319.9
5,115.0
431.8
1,578.8
630.3
7,748.4
3,279.0
286.9
4,920.6
1,240.6
1,323.1
5,119.9
431.6
1,579.3
630.8
7,759.7
3,287.0
287.1
4,917.5
1,241.6
1,327.7
5,126.6
431.6
1,581.6
631.4
7,764.7
3,294.4
287.6
4,923.9
1,241.3
1,329.3
5,138.4
432.0
1,583.8
638.8
7,775.7
3,293.5
287.4
4,929.7
1,249.0
1,331.2
5,109.8
430.7
1,589.8
638.8
7,782.0
3,295.8
288.8
4,939.4
1,248.4
1,333.1
5,110.0
431.3
1,593.2
312.9
2,303.3
7,412.1
793.9
255.4
2,890.4
2,240.4
645.5
2,398.8
207.3
312.0
2,314.6
7,432.7
795.4
256.3
2,902.2
2,246.9
649.9
2,395.1
208.5
311.7
2,317.5
7,438.4
798.2
257.0
2,909.1
2,245.7
648.5
2,402.6
208.6
313.8
2,323.1
7,453.9
801.7
257.3
2,913.1
2,251.0
648.7
2,401.4
210.0
314.1
2,331.5
7,510.5
806.4
256.3
2,930.8
2,254.6
644.3
2,410.7
209.8
316.4
2,336.8
7,532.8
809.6
256.0
2,932.0
2,254.2
651.9
2,413.6
208.4
316.8
2,342.1
7,550.3
813.3
256.8
2,938.4
2,266.5
655.7
2,416.8
210.9
318.0
2,353.4
7,561.9
818.6
257.9
2,945.1
2,264.2
657.8
2,423.4
211.1
318.5
2,358.0
7,578.1
825.0
257.8
2,952.9
2,268.2
659.5
2,429.4
211.2
318.6
2,365.5
7,594.4
831.7
256.8
2,960.2
2,269.1
666.9
2,431.4
212.3
323.2
2,362.1
7,569.3
839.9
256.4
2,959.4
2,270.1
663.2
2,429.3
213.3
323.7
2,371.1
7,601.0
842.9
258.1
1,604.6
1,003.4
11,963.5
1,702.5
1,533.3
349.3
663.8
5,683.6
3,201.1
1,649.9
520.2
2,108.4
769.0
701.5
513.1
3,509.6
258.6
2,966.6
2,269.7
664.5
2,431.8
213.6
See footnotes at end of table.
53
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994
1993
State
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.P
Construction
77.0
11.0
82.9
37.2
444.4
79.8
49.9
18.3
8.3
284.3
122.7
76.7
11.0
84.5
37.6
445.9
82.1
48.8
17.5
8.4
284.5
123.5
77.9
11.0
86.7
37.1
446.9
83.3
46.9
18.4
8.6
286.1
125.5
77.7
11.2
87.4
37.0
447.4
84.2
47.0
18.6
8.4
284.8
125.8
78.2
11.2
88.2
37.7
446.4
85.5
46.4
18.3
8.3
285.2
126.8
79.6
11.6
89.5
37.5
447.8
84.9
46.3
18.3
8.5
286.9
128.9
79.0
11.7
90.3
37.3
447.8
85.2
45.9
18.3
8.6
288.2
130.6
78.7
11.7
91.2
37.0
446.0
85.2
45.9
18.2
8.5
289.2
132.1
79.3
11.8
92.7
37.3
447.0
85.4
45.7
18.2
8.4
291.1
131.5
78.4
11.7
94.0
37.2
446.9
85.3
46.3
18.3
8.5
292.1
131.7
78.6
11.9
95.4
37.1
447.1
86.7
47.3
18.3
8.6
294.2
133.0
78.9
12.4
98.1
37.8
446.4
87.0
47.9
17.9
8.2
295.1
135.7
78.4
13.2
101.3
38.5
450.0
84.8
48.9
17.4
8.2
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
33.2
22.9
199.6
117.4
46.8
43.9
68.0
96.2
21.5
121.0
33.0
22.5
198.4
116.6
46.6
44.4
66.6
96.5
21.4
119.4
33.0
23.3
199.1
118.5
45.9
44.5
68.2
96.8
21.0
119.0
32.7
24.3
199.2
117.8
47.5
45.0
69.3
96.7
21.0
119.6
32.4
24.7
199.5
119.7
48.5
45.8
70.3
96.8
20.4
119.2
32.2
25.1
198.1
119.1
48.3
48.2
71.0
96.6
20.8
120.3
32.0
25.3
198.1
118.7
48.8
49.0
70.7
96.2
20.5
120.0
31.8
25.7
198.6
118.5
49.2
48.9
71.0
97.4
20.4
119.7
32.0
25.5
200.8
119.7
49.6
49.3
70.9
98.6
21.1
120.4
31.7
25.8
200.0
120.4
51.1
49.2
70.9
98.5
21.4
121.0
31.0
25.7
201.7
119.7
50.5
48.9
70.5
98.1
21.7
121.6
30.7
27.3
196.2
116.8
49.4
48.5
66.3
96.9
21.5
118.9
30.3
27.2
197.3
117.7
49.4
47.0
67.2
98.8
21.4
118.1
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
80.1
131.1
78.3
37.8
94.1
12.7
29.2
43.6
16.7
115.6
77.4
130.4
78.4
38.0
93.2
12.7
29.1
44.5
16.7
113.2
77.5
130.2
77.8
38.7
93.7
13.3
30.9
46.1
16.7
112.5
77.3
131.6
78.0
39.0
94.7
13.6
31.3
45.9
16.8
113.5
77.6
131.3
77.8
38.9
95.7
13.7
31.5
46.3
16.8
113.0
82.4
135.9
79.0
38.9
95.4
14.2
32.4
47.5
16.9
113.3
83.2
134.3
78.5
39.9
95.8
14.1
32.4
47.7
16.8
113.7
83.9
134.6
78.7
41.0
96.8
14.2
32.1
47.8
17.0
114.0
84.8
134.2
80.5
42.1
97.9
14.3
32.5
47.6
17.0
116.0
84.6
134.6
81.3
41.6
98.4
14.2
32.5
47.2
17.2
116.4
85.2
133.9
81.8
41.7
99.7
14.2
32.6
47.1
17.6
118.2
86.0
132.7
82.2
41.1
99.4
14.6
32.5
48.1
18.1
116.4
85.8
133.8
82.4
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
33.1
242.0
33.9
240.1
150.2
11.4
176.7
41.6
52.3
194.0
11.7
80.8
34.4
241.1
151.0
11.5
183.8
41.7
52.3
195.6
12.1
81.3
34.9
241.2
151.5
11.5
185.0
41.9
52.6
195.8
12.3
81.4
35.4
239.5
153.1
11.7
184.8
42.6
52.9
194.2
12.5
81.8
36.1
239.0
155.0
11.6
184.4
42.3
54.9
197.1
12.4
83.2
36.4
238.7
155.9
11.6
184.4
42.2
55.6
197.0
12.2
82.5
36.8
239.4
156.0
11.7
184.8
42.1
56.1
197.7
12.2
82.3
37.3
240.6
156.2
12.0
184.7
42.2
55.8
198.6
12.0
81.9
37.6
240.0
156.5
12.0
185.1
42.4
57.1
198.8
11.8
82.0
38.2
240.3
157.4
12.2
185.5
42.3
56.1
200.3
11.2
81.8
38.4
244.0
159.0
12.4
183.1
43.6
57.9
194.7
10.7
81.9
South Dakota
Tennessee
12.8
92.3
346.6
40.0
11.5
151.9
118.5
12.6
91.9
347.4
39.7
11.4
150.6
118.0
28.2
92.2
11.4
12.3
92.3
348.6
39.1
11.3
150.9
117.1
30.2
90.1
11.9
12.8
93.4
348.7
38.3
11.4
151.1
115.9
30.9
91.8
12.1
13.3
94.7
350.4
38.5
11.4
151.6
116.7
31.2
91.7
12.3
13.2
95.0
353.3
38.8
12.0
153.2
118.4
31.9
94.0
12.4
13.0
94.9
352.5
39.3
11.8
154.0
119.0
32.7
94.6
12.3
12.9
95.9
352.4
39.9
11.8
154.7
120.1
32.9
95.5
12.3
13.2
97.3
354.7
40.6
11.4
155.4
120.9
33.7
95.5
12.4
13.1
97.6
355.3
41.9
11.3
155.8
121.3
34.3
95.9
12.5
13.2
98.2
356.5
43.1
11.1
156.5
120.9
33.9
95.2
12.6
13.1
97.1
358.5
43.6
10.9
156.6
122.0
31.8
92.4
12.6
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
2
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
See footnotes at end of table.
54
149.9
11.4
181.6
41.5
51.5
200.3
11.9
80.8
29.0
92.3
11.8
294.4
133.1
39.7
100.3
14.6
31.0
47.8
18.4
114.2
37.5
243.0
157.7
12.6
184.0
43.2
56.5
195.0
10.1
81.3
13.3
96.3
363.8
44.5
10.9
155.7
121.5
31.7
91.1
12.7
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994
1993
State
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
383.8
16.9
174.0
243.3
1,796.2
188.4
291.6
65.0
13.9
484.3
556.1
383.4
17.2
174.0
244.1
1,786.6
187.9
291.9
64.7
13.8
483.8
556.6
382.6
17.3
174.1
244.9
1,778.7
188.1
290.9
64.8
13.9
483.5
556.3
382.2
16.5
174.4
245.5
1,773.4
187.7
289.0
64.4
13.9
482.6
558.0
381.8
16.5
174.7
245.6
1,766.1
188.8
287.9
64.2
14.0
482.7
558.8
380.7
15.4
176.2
247.3
1,766.2
188.7
287.2
64.4
14.1
480.7
559.7
19.2
69.4
935.1
637.6
234.4
182.4
292.3
185.7
91.0
178.5
19.1
69.6
935.0
638.3
236.2
182.2
293.0
186.5
91.1
178.4
19.0
69.4
934.8
638.5
236.8
182.0
293.0
186.3
90.9
178.2
18.8
70.0
936.5
638.7
237.1
181.5
292.7
186.7
91.6
178.1
18.8
70.6
937.1
640.6
238.0
181.2
293.3
186.5
91.8
177.9
18.7
70.8
940.2
642.0
238.4
181.2
292.8
186.7
91.8
177.7
17.8
71.1
942.1
644.1
240.4
181.9
293.3
186.3
91.2
177.8
454.9
895.7
404.0
254.5
411.8
22.9
102.6
29.2
96.6
516.3
453.1
896.7
405.2
253.4
410.4
23.1
103.0
29.9
97.7
516.2
451.3
894.2
403.5
253.8
410.5
23.0
103.3
30.2
96.9
515.0
450.3
894.3
404.4
253.5
410.6
23.0
104.0
30.5
96.6
515.1
449.8
897.1
405.7
254.6
412.1
23.1
104.0
30.4
96.7
513.9
447.6
906.5
407.0
255.4
412.8
22.7
104.1
30.4
97.1
512.9
446.1
911.4
408.3
255.5
412.8
22.7
104.0
30.5
97.1
512.6
445.7
931.2
410.6
256.3
411.4
22.9
103.9
30.6
97.1
514.9
445.3
927.4
411.1
257.3
42.3
986.4
846.3
19.5
1,048.6
167.6
209.9
944.3
88.3
375.4
42.7
978.4
847.3
19.4
1,045.9
167.5
209.9
940.1
88.2
375.1
42.2
982.8
849.6
19.6
1,048.5
168.5
209.5
940.5
86.5
374.4
42.8
978.9
846.3
19.6
1,046.9
168.3
209.6
936.3
87.1
374.4
43.3
975.9
847.1
19.6
1,046.7
168.3
211.3
936.1
86.6
373.9
43.4
973.7
847.5
19.5
1,044.6
169.1
212.9
935.0
86.7
372.2
43.5
972.5
849.1
19.6
1,046.0
169.4
212.5
934.8
86.3
371.5
43.4
971.4
847.9
19.7
1,047.4
169.7
214.1
935.7
86.4
371.8
43.4
965.5
847.7
19.8
1,050.3
170.1
214.8
936.1
86.7
371.7
43.4
963.3
847.5
20.2
1,052.8
168.5
39.5
527.1
985.1
107.7
43.6
405.9
342.4
83.2
558.4
9.4
39.7
527.5
985.7
107.7
43.7
405.7
340.9
82.9
556.7
9.4
39.7
529.4
988.3
108.3
43.4
406.5
340.1
82.7
559.5
9.5
40.3
530.5
987.5
108.5
43.2
405.6
338.5
82.7
559.7
9.5
40.2
530.8
992.6
109.2
43.3
405.2
338.6
82.7
559.1
9.5
40.7
531.5
994.0
109.9
43.3
405.9
338.5
82.5
561.1
9.5
41.2
532.9
995.3
110.8
43.3
406.5
337.0
82.8
562.3
9.4
41.3
534.4
997.0
111.6
43.6
405.2
335.2
82.6
563.2
9.4
41.8
534.8
994.5
114.2
43.2
406.4
335.6
81.5
566.0
9.6
41.8
537.5
994.8
114.3
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
384.7
18.9
173.8
241.8
1,838.1
188.4
298.8
66.7
384.9
18.7
174.4
242.7
1,829.3
188.8
297.0
66.1
13.8
485.1
553.0
385.4
16.7
173.9
243.2
1,819.4
188.9
296.4
66.0
13.8
486.0
553.3
384.2
15.3
174.2
242.9
1,812.6
188.5
294.6
65.2
13.8
485.0
552.5
384.1
16.5
174.2
242.4
1,806.1
188.6
293.4
65.2
13.8
483.8
551.3
380.5
17.4
174.1
243.3
1,803.1
188.1
293.3
65.4
13.8
484.7
555.8
19.4
68.7
931.2
639.2
235.4
182.8
292.3
186.3
90.8
181.4
19.4
68.8
930.4
637.4
235.7
182.8
292.5
184.4
91.3
181.3
19.2
68.9
929.5
636.5
235.3
182.4
292.5
183.4
91.2
180.6
19.2
69.2
928.9
638.3
235.9
182.7
292.0
183.7
90.9
179.2
458.8
912.6
405.5
256.8
412.9
23.3
102.6
28.4
97.5
517.6
457.9
904.5
406.5
255.7
410.9
23.0
102.0
28.8
97.4
518.6
456.7
898.7
405.7
255.2
411.0
23.0
102.4
29.1
96.9
517.8
42.2
994.1
845.1
19.1
1,052.8
167.5
211.0
947.0
88.6
374.4
42.4
989.6
845.6
19.3
1,050.4
167.8
210.9
945.6
88.5
375.8
39.1
525.3
985.2
107.0
43.8
404.3
343.7
82.9
559.5
9.6
39.3
527.1
985.2
107.7
43.7
402.6
342.8
83.4
559.2
9.5
Aug.
Feb.P
Manufacturing
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
13.9
485.5
553.3
19.4
68.1
931.7
640.4
234.8
183.6
292.3
185.9
90.5
182.2
460.2
914.8
404.8
255.4
412.5
23.3
101.6
28.1
97.9
519.0
41.9
998.5
843.5
19.2
1,056.2
166.9
210.6
947.1
88.7
374.1
38.6
523.4
982.5
106.2
43.7
406.0
344.6
83.2
558.7
9.6
381.9
18.3
176.2
246.8
1,761.8
188.9
285.6
63.6
14.1
480.2
565.7
18.0
70.8
942.1
647.6
241.1
181.8
293.8
186.6
92.5
177.9
412.1
22.9
104.0
30.7
97.9
511.3
215.8
935.6
86.7
374.2
43.2
403.1
333.6
81.4
566.6
9.8
See footnotes at end of table.
55
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994
1993
State
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.?
Transportation and public utilities
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
83.8
23.0
77.3
56.5
605.2
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
42.0
20.8
308.4
134.1
56.2
64.6
82.8
105.6
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
121.3
156.2
109.6
45.6
102.1
69.6
14.5
21.9
282.5
200.2
21.9
98.5
151.5
20.3
47.3
34.2
17.8
234.3
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
29.2
401.0
156.1
17.7
214.5
71.7
66.3
266.7
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
14.7
124.5
432.8
See footnotes at end of table.
56
14.1
66.4
44.9
11.3
148.1
114.0
38.7
113.1
14.5
83.4
22.9
77.2
56.6
604.6
102.4
68.9
14.7
21.9
285.8
200.6
84.6
23.0
78.4
56.8
604.2
102.8
68.7
14.8
21.6
286.0
201.5
84.7
23.1
78.3
57.0
602.8
103.4
68.8
15.0
21.6
286.5
201.3
84.9
22.9
78.0
56.8
602.5
103.8
68.8
14.8
21.6
286.9
201.9
85.1
22.9
77.7
57.2
602.2
104.4
69.5
14.8
21.3
285.9
201.7
85.0
22.9
77.2
57.2
600.8
104.8
69.7
14.6
21.2
284.9
202.0
85.2
22.9
77.9
57.2
600.6
104.5
69.5
14.9
21.1
285.2
203.6
85.3
22.8
77.5
56.9
600.1
104.0
69.4
15.0
21.1
285.7
203.1
85.5
22.8
76.9
56.8
597.5
104.7
69.3
15.1
20.8
287.0
203.4
85.2
22.9
76.6
57.1
597.9
104.9
69.3
14.9
20.8
289.9
202.9
85.0
23.0
78.6
56.3
600.1
104.2
69.2
14.8
20.8
283.7
203.6
41.6
20.7
308.3
133.8
56.2
64.5
82.9
105.4
22.0
98.0
41.4
20.8
310.0
132.4
56.6
65.1
82.6
105.2
22.1
98.5
41.1
20.8
310.0
132.5
56.6
65.3
82.4
105.4
22.1
98.5
41.2
20.8
310.1
132.8
56.7
65.7
82.5
105.0
22.1
98.1
41.3
20.7
309.2
133.1
57.0
66.6
82.3
105.4
22.0
98.5
41.0
20.7
309.6
133.7
57.0
66.8
81.8
105.5
22.1
98.3
40.9
20.8
312.0
133.9
57.2
67.0
82.4
105.1
22.1
98.6
40.6
21.1
311.2
134.7
57.0
67.1
82.4
105.8
21.6
98.3
40.1
21.4
312.2
135.0
56.9
67.3
82.6
105.7
21.8
97.9
39.8
21.4
313.8
135.0
56.9
67.7
82.5
106.3
21.9
98.1
39.9
21.1
312.1
135.3
56.8
68.0
81.8
105.7
21.4
98.9
121.4
156.0
109.4
45.7
151.3
20.4
47.3
34.4
17.8
233.9
122.4
157.0
109.3
45.9
151.6
20.3
47.3
34.6
18.1
235.6
122.4
157.0
109.2
45.9
152.2
20.3
47.1
34.6
18.0
237.0
123.0
156.5
109.1
46.1
152.7
20.3
47.2
34.8
18.1
236.4
124.4
156.1
109.3
46.1
153.1
20.2
47.1
35.1
18.1
236.0
124.4
155.4
108.8
45.8
153.3
20.1
46.9
35.3
18.0
236.0
125.0
155.6
106.6
45.8
155.1
20.2
47.1
35.6
18.0
235.2
125.8
156.1
109.0
46.0
154.5
20.2
47.0
35.8
17.9
234.4
124.9
156.3
109.9
45.3
154.5
20.3
47.2
35.9
17.9
235.1
125.3
156.4
110.1
45.2
154.7
20.4
47.4
35.9
18.0
235.1
126.7
158.8
110.0
44.6
154.5
20.0
47.2
36.0
18.1
237.7
29.3
401.4
156.1
17.8
214.4
72.0
66.5
266.7
14.0
66.7
29.3
401.3
156.8
17.9
214.7
71.9
66.2
267.6
14.0
66.7
29.1
401.6
157.2
17.9
214.8
72.1
66.1
267.7
14.1
66.8
29.1
400.8
157.7
18.0
215.2
71.9
66.2
268.2
14.1
66.8
29.1
400.7
157.1
18.1
214.4
72.0
66.0
264.8
14.2
66.0
29.0
399.9
156.9
18.0
214.1
71.8
65.8
263.7
14.0
66.1
28.9
399.1
156.5
18.1
213.1
71.6
65.9
266.3
14.5
66.4
28.9
400.4
156.6
18.1
213.2
71.2
66.0
267.1
14.3
66.5
28.9
401.4
156.8
18.2
212.9
70.9
66.2
267.2
14.5
66.6
28.9
402.4
156.7
18.2
212.7
70.9
66.4
268.9
14.7
66.7
29.4
404.2
155.8
18.3
212.5
71.3
66.0
269.2
14.5
66.2
14.9
124.8
433.0
45.2
11.3
147.7
113.9
38.6
113.2
14.4
14.6
125.2
437.5
45.3
11.3
148.8
114.4
38.4
113.6
14.5
14.6
126.0
437.3
45.5
11.3
148.8
114.4
38.5
113.0
14.4
14.7
126.6
438.5
45.8
11.3
149.2
114.3
38.5
114.0
14.5
14.8
126.8
436.0
46.1
11.2
149.6
114.5
38.7
113.3
14.5
14.9
127.4
436.5
46.4
11.1
149.8
114.3
38.8
112.9
14.5
14.7
127.8
438.7
47.2
11.0
150.1
115.5
38.8
113.6
14.6
14.6
128.7
439.4
47.4
11.0
150.7
114.6
38.7
113.8
14.6
14.6
128.3
441.6
All
11.0
151.4
114.3
38.6
113.9
14.6
14.6
128.1
443.3
48.1
10.9
151.5
115.4
39.0
114.4
14.6
14.9
127.1
443.5
49.2
10.9
150.9
115.1
39.2
114.0
14.6
85.0
23.1
78.4
56.3
600.0
104.8
69.5
15.1
20.9
284.6
205.6
39.9
21.0
313.0
136.2
56.8
68.2
82.3
105.9
21.5
97.8
127.3
159.0
110.4
44.9
155.0
20.2
47.5
36.0
18.3
238.2
29.5
406.1
156.0
18.4
212.5
71.6
65.9
269,0
14.6
66.4
14.9
128.4
444.3
49.3
11.0
151.4
115.0
39.7
114.7
14.7
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994
State
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.?
377.8
49.6
389.0
221.1
2,775.9
406.8
326.5
76.3
52.7
1,462.4
782.7
379.3
49.4
389.8
221.4
2,768.8
408.2
327.0
76.0
52.6
1,464.8
784.6
380.0
50.2
390.1
222.2
2,765.4
409.9
324.9
76.0
52.2
1,468.3
786.5
381.5
50.4
389.9
221.7
2,765.3
411.3
322.6
76.2
51.9
1,472.8
787.2
380.6
49.9
389.3
221.2
2,769.4
413.1
328.1
76.7
52.1
1,463.8
787.2
382.7
49.7
391.4
222.6
2,779.5
417.0
328.1
76.6
51.5
1,477.1
794.9
132.7
109.8
1,245.7
605.9
321.2
275.0
361.7
382.3
130.5
499.9
132.6
110.4
1,246.3
605.6
321.4
276.0
361.5
382.0
131.3
498.9
132.6
112.2
1,250.8
613.7
322.3
276.1
361.4
380.4
131.3
498.3
132.3
112.9
1,253.2
618.3
322.4
276.7
361.2
381.3
130.9
497.8
132.2
112.8
1,254.5
618.8
322.8
277.0
360.6
382.4
130.1
497.9
131.7
113.2
1,251.9
614.3
321.7
276.2
359.5
379.7
129.7
500.8
130.8
113.4
1,262.5
617.8
323.1
277.2
363.8
381.6
129.5
501.5
649.2
937.2
534.5
209.7
570.9
88.1
194.9
133.0
129.6
815.6
650.1
936.4
535.0
210.1
572.9
88.4
195.6
134.1
128.7
814.8
648.9
936.2
535.4
210.7
574.1
88.3
193.7
135.0
129.1
815.9
649.7
936.6
538.3
211.1
574.2
88.4
193.8
135.4
129.2
818.5
650.5
939.9
540.9
211.4
574.3
88.4
194.1
136.0
129.0
818.0
648.1
941.6
540.8
211.5
575.1
88.6
194.0
136.9
129.3
819.4
656.2
937.7
544.7
211.9
572.5
89.0
194.3
137.0
129.9
823.4
657.0
947.7
546.9
212.9
574.6
89.3
194.4
137.2
130.4
820.2
146.8
1,557.2
731.0
74.7
1,171.5
287.7
326.8
1,147.8
93.2
349.3
147.4
1,553.8
735.8
74.9
1,174.2
290.4
329.5
1,150.7
94.4
352.5
148.1
1,554.3
737.1
75.0
1,174.4
289.6
327.9
1,149.6
94.6
352.8
147.8
1,551.6
736.8
75.1
1,174.8
289.6
329.2
1,148.0
95.8
352.7
148.3
1,551.7
737.6
75.3
1,174.8
289.9
330.0
1,148.8
95.1
353.9
148.3
1,553.1
737.8
75.2
1,174.8
289.9
330.4
1,150.3
94.9
355.3
148.3
1,555.7
740.6
75.3
1,175.3
289.5
330.8
1,153.2
95.1
356.4
150.4
1,567.2
736.3
74.9
1,178.0
290.8
330.4
1,146.3
94.3
357.1
150.6
1,568.9
738.3
75.4
1,180.0
292.0
330.8
1,149.3
95.0
359.5
80.3
532.6
1,801.5
191.6
60.2
648.3
544.4
148.2
552.6
48.2
80.8
534.6
1,810.1
192.4
60.5
651.7
546.4
149.0
552.8
48.1
81.4
535.5
1,817.4
192.9
60.5
651.3
545.5
149.7
553.7
48.3
81.6
537.5
1,822.5
193.6
60.6
651.4
547.6
149.8
554.1
48.4
81.3
541.0
1,827.1
194.8
60.5
652.6
549.4
150.5
556.2
48.2
81.3
541.7
1,833.0
196.2
60.1
653.0
549.4
151.3
558.9
48.2
81.2
543.7
1,844.9
197.1
60.6
655.0
550.7
152.3
558.7
48.4
82.4
542.3
1,834.7
198.2
60.9
658.9
549.1
152.1
554.2
48.5
82.3
545.6
1,844.8
198.4
61.1
661.2
552.1
152.5
558.1
48.5
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
373.0
47.4
379.9
217.2
2,810.1
396.8
332.1
75.6
53.3
1,437.3
760.1
372.8
47.5
381.2
217.2
2,805.4
398.3
329.9
75.1
53.1
1,440.1
759.8
375.6
48.0
384.8
218.8
2,799.5
402.4
330.0
75.5
53.6
1,445.2
767.1
375.0
47.8
385.0
218.6
2,793.6
399.8
330.5
75.6
52.7
1,446.8
764.9
375.4
48.2
385.5
218.9
2,789.2
402.6
329.9
75.5
52.3
1,450.4
768.0
376.8
49.1
386.3
220.2
2,787.5
405.6
329.8
76.2
52.7
1,452.8
778.5
376.9
49.5
387.4
221.1
2,780.1
406.3
328.2
76.2
52.7
1,457.6
780.8
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
132.9
107.1
1,240.0
609.4
317.4
273.5
361.4
382.7
128.6
500.1
132.5
106.9
1,239.1
608.6
317.1
273.7
361.1
383.3
128.3
496.7
133.3
107.9
1,241.2
603.7
319.3
273.8
359.4
381.8
129.7
499.7
133.5
108.4
1,242.9
605.6
320.0
273.4
359.5
380.9
130.3
500.8
133.6
108.9
1,242.7
605.8
321.0
273.3
360.5
380.7
130.0
500.6
133.8
109.9
1,243.7
605.8
321.1
274.7
361.0
382.4
130.2
500.9
639.6
936.3
533.4
206.5
562.2
85.6
190.7
131.2
127.4
812.7
637.8
936.4
534.3
206.4
561.5
85.7
190.4
131.4
126.8
807.5
642.3
934.5
535.4
208.0
567.0
87.0
191.8
132.1
128.5
814.1
643.0
932.5
536.6
208.3
569.9
87.1
192.5
132.3
128.7
815.3
643.7
931.8
537.1
209.5
570.2
87.3
192.7
132.4
129.1
817.3
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
146.4
1,559.7
718.4
74.1
1,169.1
285.3
324.8
1,150.0
92.2
347.3
146.8
1,548.7
716.6
74.3
1,166.6
285.7
324.6
1,142.0
91.6
347.2
147.4
1,555.8
724.3
74.6
1,169.6
286.8
325.2
1,146.3
92.3
351.3
146.4
1,557.9
727.4
74.6
1,173.1
286.2
325.5
1,148.8
92.7
349.9
South Dakota
80.8
529.5
1,790.9
190.9
59.5
643.5
541.5
146.6
551.8
47.1
81.2
527.3
1,791.9
191.0
59.5
643.0
541.3
145.9
552.0
47.2
80.8
531.8
1,797.5
191.7
59.9
646.0
543.6
146.9
551.4
47.8
80.6
530.9
1,798.9
191.9
60.3
648.3
544.0
147.9
552.2
47.7
Sept.
Wholesale and retail trade
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
:
See footnotes at end of table.
57
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994
State
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.P
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Alabama
Alaska...
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
75.1
10.9
98.4
39.6
788.6
103.5
140.3
33.6
32.1
354.7
164.4
75.1
10.9
98.8
39.8
788.0
103.9
140.0
33.7
32.1
354.6
164.7
75.3
11.0
98.9
39.7
788.9
104.4
140.1
34.1
32.1
354.5
165.1
75.3
11.0
99.1
39.9
788.7
104.8
139.7
34.3
31.9
354.4
165.0
75.6
11.0
99.8
39.9
788.0
105.4
139.5
34.5
31.7
355.0
165.4
75.5
11.3
99.9
40.4
787.6
106.6
139.0
35.1
31.2
356.4
167.2
75.8
11.3
100.2
40.5
786.4
106.9
138.7
35.2
31.2
358.1
167.0
75.8
11.3
100.5
40.7
785.1
107.2
138.9
35.4
30.7
358.4
167.1
76.0
11.4
100.8
40.8
783.2
107.7
139.1
35.5
30.6
359.9
167.4
76.1
11.3
101.1
40.9
782.2
108.2
138.7
35.8
30.3
361.0
167.2
76.5
11.4
101.3
41.0
780.7
108.7
138.3
35.9
30.0
361.7
167.6
76.9
11.4
101.3
40.9
782.4
108.4
138.4
36.0
30.0
362.8
166.6
77.0
11.3
101.2
41.0
780.8
108.9
137.9
36.1
30.4
363.3
166.9
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
38.6
22.3
380.0
127.5
73.3
57.8
63.5
78.1
25.1
128.8
38.6
22.4
381.0
127.8
73.4
57.9
63.4
78.0
25.2
128.6
38.7
22.5
380.5
128.0
73.7
57.6
63.2
77.9
25.5
128.9
38.8
22.5
380.5
128.3
73.8
57.5
63.1
77.8
25.6
129.1
38.9
22.6
380.6
128.5
73.9
57.7
63.0
77.5
25.7
128.7
39.3
22.7
383.2
128.4
74.2
58.4
63.0
78.1
25.7
129.5
39.4
22.7
383.9
128.5
74.3
58.6
63.0
78.0
25.9
129.5
39.4
23.0
384.4
128.7
74.6
58.5
62.7
77.9
25.8
129.8
39.6
23.1
384.8
129.0
74.8
58.4
63.0
78.1
25.9
129.9
39.4
23.3
385.5
129.3
75.0
58.6
63.4
77.9
26.1
130.0
39.4
23.3
386.0
129.5
75.5
58.6
63.2
77.9
26.0
130.0
39.6
23.4
385.4
129.4
75.2
58.4
63.0
77.8
25.9
130.6
39.5
23.4
385.5
129.3
75.1
58.5
62.8
77.9
25.9
130.7
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
197.9
192.4
133.2
38.3
139.1
14.6
49.8
30.0
29.6
228.2
197.9
192.6
133.7
38.3
139.0
14.6
49.9
30.3
29.6
228.1
198.8
192.6
134.7
38.4
139.9
14.6
50.2
30.4
29.6
228.2
198.6
192.3
135.0
38.5
140.5
14.8
50.2
30.6
29.6
228.1
199.0
192.5
135.7
38.8
140.8
14.8
50.4
30.8
29.7
228.0
200.5
193.4
135.6
38.7
141.4
15.0
50.5
31.0
30.0
227.7
200.4
193.4
136.2
38.8
141.6
14.8
50.5
31.3
29.9
229.1
200.3
193.1
136.9
38.9
141.9
15.0
50.6
31.5
29.8
229.7
200.6
189.5
137.7
38.9
142.3
15.0
50.5
31.7
29.9
230.3
200.5
193.3
138.4
38.9
142.3
14.9
50.7
31.8
29.9
230.7
200.6
193.5
139.1
38.9
143.1
15.0
50.6
31.9
29.9
230.6
201.4
192.5
139.3
38.7
141.2
15.1
50.5
32.1
30.1
230.5
201.7
192.6
139.8
39.4
141.4
15.1
50.8
32.1
30.0
231.1
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
27.2
728.0
136.0
13.3
257.1
61.4
88.8
302.2
24.9
65.5
27.2
725.6
136.4
13.4
257.9
61.4
89.2
302.2
25.0
65.5
27.5
726.7
137.3
13.4
259.1
61.6
89.9
302.5
25.2
66.0
27.5
727.8
137.5
13.3
259.1
61.7
90.0
302.4
25.2
65.8
27.6
728.4
137.8
13.5
259.4
61.6
91.0
302.8
25.3
66.0
27.7
727.8
138.7
13.5
259.4
61.6
92.1
303.5
25.4
65.9
27.7
726.7
139.0
13.6
259.2
61.6
92.5
303.7
25.3
66.1
27.8
728.4
139.9
13.6
259.2
61.5
93.0
304.1
25.4
66.1
27.8
729.2
141.0
13.6
259.3
61.3
93.5
304.0
25.3
66.2
27.7
728.7
141.1
13.6
259.6
61.3
93.8
304.7
" 25.3
66.3
27.8
728.7
141.7
13.7
260.1
61.1
93.9
304.6
25.2
66.3
28.1
727.4
141.9
13.7
260.5
61.2
94.4
303.1
25.3
66.2
28.2
728.8
142.1
13.8
260.3
61.8
94.7
304.2
25.4
66.7
South Dakota
Tennessee
17.5
102.5
424.8
37.8
11.9
154.5
119.4
24.9
129.1
7.7
17.5
102.7
424.4
37.9
11.9
154.4
119.9
24.7
129.4
7.7
17.6
103.4
424.3
38.4
11.9
155.1
120.0
25.0
129.6
7.7
17.7
103.3
423.5
39.0
12.0
155.6
120.3
25.1
129.7
7.6
17.7
103.8
425.7
39.6
12.1
155.8
120.8
25.0
130.1
7.7
17.9
104.3
428.6
39.8
12.1
157.1
121.3
25.1
130.6
7.7
17.9
104.2
429.5
40.4
12.1
157.9
121.3
25.1
130.9
7.7
17.9
104.2
430.5
41.0
12.1
158.3
121.7
25.2
131.4
7.8
17.9
104.9
431.8
41.6
12.2
159.2
121.9
25.1
132.0
7.7
18.0
105.1
433.8
41.6
12.2
160.1
122.3
25.1
132.4
7.7
17.9
105.4
435.5
42.5
12.3
160.8
122.7
25.1
132.7
7.8
18.0
105.2
434.2
44.2
12.2
160.0
123.2
25.0
132.6
7.9
18.1
105.4
433.6
44.7
12.2
160.8
122.7
24.8
132.6
8.0
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
See footnotes at end of table.
58
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994
State
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
359.7
55.9
437.7
216.9
3,457.6
439.7
88.3
255.1
1,760.5
707.9
360.3
56.2
440.3
217.1
3,460.4
462.0
440.2
87.8
255.2
1,764.4
707.4
363.0
56.6
445.3
217.9
3,459.3
464.2
441.0
88.7
255.4
1,799.1
717.2
362.1
57.1
447.5
218.8
3,464.2
463.4
442.8
88.8
252.7
1,805.7
719.8
363.0
57.3
449.8
219.8
3,467.0
466.4
442.4
89.1
251.4
1,814.8
722.4
364.7
57.2
450.2
220.2
3,473.0
471.4
444.4
90.3
254.1
1,825.8
732.7
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
162.6
94.7
1,441.6
569.8
313.8
264.9
362.3
408.9
130.8
644.2
163.4
94.8
1,444 7
570.3
314.6
265.6
363.1
409.4
132.0
642.5
163.6
95.9
1,452.5
559.7
315.8
267.3
362.7
410.0
132.7
650.8
164.1
96.3
1,457.0
553.4
317.2
268.3
363.3
408.7
134.1
654.2
164.4
96.9
1,461.0
557.1
318.5
269.4
363.3
407.0
134.6
654.2
933.9
935.3
1,007.8
607.1
188.4
631.1
85.9
186.9
289.6
132.5
998.5
941.3
1,009.5
610.5
191.4
640.3
86.3
187.8
288.7
135.2
1,008.7
944.1
1,013.2
610.9
194.2
642.9
86.6
188.2
288.4
136.2
1,011.4
165.5
2,384.6
672.9
75.6
1,266.7
304.1
323.6
1,516.8
133.4
324.1
166.6
2,396.2
682.1
76.0
1,275.8
303.4
326.0
1,525.0
133.1
328.3
79.8
566.1
1,904.6
206.0
73.4
781.5
572.1
163.3
590.1
42.4
79.9
569.7
1,908.4
207.5
73.7
789.1
576.8
164.6
590.5
42.6
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.P
364.4
57.0
451.5
220.6
3,466.6
472.4
445.5
90.3
254.1
1,835.1
737.0
365.1
57.1
454.2
221.3
3,466.1
473.0
447.8
90.7
254.5
1,842.4
742.5
366.6
56.7
454.7
222.2
3,465.4
474.1
447.8
90.6
258.4
1,850.5
750.7
365.4
57.0
455.5
222.2
3,465.3
474.2
447.3
91.0
256.6
1,858.5
753.6
365.1
57.2
456.6
220.9
3,469.6
475.7
447.6
91.3
256.8
1,866.7
757.1
365.3
57.5
455.9
223.9
3,469.6
477.7
453.2
90.7
255.4
1,869.8
758.2
368.0
57.7
457.7
225.2
3,478.4
482.6
453.3
91.0
254.6
1,879.9
766.5
164.6
97.8
1,481.3
560.0
318.6
270.3
362.5
408.6
133.3
659.3
163.8
98.4
1,485.2
560.8
320.0
271.1
363.8
410.2
134.1
658.0
163.3
98.9
1 485.9
560.1
319.6
272.0
365.1
410.4
135.2
660.9
164.2
99.7
1,483.7
561.2
319.8
273.2
366.1
408.9
136.3
665.4
163.5
99.7
1,484.6
563.1
320.8
273.4
366.4
409.9
136.5
664.7
163.4
100.1
1,489.2
564.0
321.5
274.9
366.5
411.1
136.7
665.2
163.9
100.9
1,479.7
569.2
322.8
276.8
364.6
410.3
135.8
664.2
162.9
101.9
1,481.2
565.9
323.5
276.6
365.6
414.8
136.1
663.4
947.4
1,012.7
613.6
195.7
645.2
87.0
188.4
289.4
136.9
1,014.6
958.0
1,020.9
616.2
199.3
648.5
89.2
188.3
292.4
138.7
1,019.4
960.6
1,023.3
618.0
200.6
652.3
89.4
188.2
294.6
139.0
1,021.9
966.6
1,026.0
619.1
199.3
654.3
89.1
189.2
297.2
138.6
1,024.0
968.2
1,027.1
621.3
199.5
654.3
88.9
189.1
301.1
138.7
1,026.8
972.1
1,027.0
623.4
200.8
655.1
89.0
188.5
305.5
138.5
1,028.2
974.0
1,027.5
626.6
200.0
658.7
89.4
188.3
311.7
138.2
1,030.1
987.5
1,029.8
629.3
204.3
657.5
89.6
189.1
312.2
140.1
1,031.2
987.7
1,038.6
631.0
207.7
167.3
2,400.7
686.8
76.5
1,276.7
303.4
326.1
1,528.1
133.7
329.6
167.7
2,405.4
689.5
76.6
1,278.2
304.5
327.1
1,523.9
135.3
332.0
168.2
2,413.3
693.0
77.0
1,277.6
307.1
327.7
1,525.0
137.1
336.0
168.0
2,416.7
694.9
77.1
1,277.5
306.7
328.5
1,528.3
136.9
336.8
168.1
2,418.7
697.0
77.4
1,281.4
305.6
330.6
1,532.4
136.8
337.5
169.0
2,427.3
700.2
77.9
1,285.5
304.8
331.0
1,536.0
137.1
339.0
168.8
2,435.9
703.2
78.2
1,286.5
304.3
333.1
1,539.0
137.3
340.2
168.9
2,440.9
707.5
77.9
1,289.1
304.4
333.3
1,540.5
136.8
341.3
172.6
2,444.6
709.5
77.8
1,292.9
307.0
332.2
1,530.1
137.4
345.3
79.0
571.0
1,912.9
209.6
73.7
791.0
577.6
165.2
593.4
42.8
79.9
572.2
1,920.2
210.7
73.9
793.7
580.5
165.9
593.5
42.9
79.8
575.0
1,944.4
213.0
74.0
799.5
580.8
166.8
598.4
42.9
79.8
577.0
1,948.7
213.4
74.2
802.1
583.6
167.4
598.8
42.9
79.3
578.9
1,950.9
213.9
74.6
806.5
585.2
168.0
600.4
43.1
80.8
581.8
1,953.1
215.6
75.2
809.4
586.0
169.5
601.3
43.1
80.9
583.1
1,954.4
217.3
75.7
813.2
587.3
169.4
602.0
43.2
81.0
585.9
1,954.8
218.9
74.2
817.2
589.3
170.0
602.4
43.5
83.3
585.7
1,948.9
221.2
74.2
816.7
588.3
170.1
604.9
43.8
Services
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
459.6
1,004.1
604.8
186.8
628.9
85.6
186.3
288.9
132.9
1,000.8
165.0
2,384.2
671.5
75.2
1,267.6
303.2
322.3
1,519.7
133.7
323.6
79.6
565.8
1,898.0
204.8
73.1
782.0
569.5
163.3
588.9
42.5
660.5
90.0
189.2
315.1
141.2
1,031.4
173.0
2,451.2
711.8
111
1,296.9
307.1
334.3
1,532.3
137.2
344.9
83.5
587.9
1,964.4
221.8
75.5
822.6
588.8
171.2
606.4
43.8
See footnotes at end of table.
59
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
State
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
341.1
74.0
283.2
169.0
2,083.9
288.2
875.2
544.8
341.3
74.1
283.5
169.0
2,079.2
295.6
206.4
49.3
287.9
874.2
545.0
340.5
74.0
284.8
169.2
2,076.7
296.8
204.8
49.2
288.5
879.0
545.8
340.4
74.5
282.9
169.5
2,077.1
296.4
204.9
49.4
288.7
876.3
545.2
342.0
74.4
289.4
169.7
2,076.8
295.6
203.9
49.7
287.7
880.2
544.1
338.8
73.8
289.7
171.0
2,076.5
299.7
205.3
48.9
289.3
883.7
544.9
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
111.5
90.0
774.7
390.1
220.6
227.3
276.3
341.0
95.8
417.1
111.8
89.8
772.3
391.5
221.8
229.1
276.3
341.2
96.0
417.1
112.2
89.7
769.5
390.7
221.7
228.3
276.5
340.3
95.5
417.5
112.7
90.2
771.8
390.7
222.0
229.5
275.7
340.1
95.2
417.0
112.1
89.4
766.6
392.4
222.7
233.0
277.0
341.2
95.1
417.0
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
383.6
638.4
350.4
208.8
372.8
74.0
148.6
86.8
73.5
565.7
383.3
638.5
351.9
208.9
373.4
74.1
148.7
87.7
73.8
565.9
387.3
639.7
351.8
208.3
378.9
74.1
150.8
88.0
73.9
564.9
387.8
641.0
352.0
209.2
376.6
73.7
147.8
88.3
73.6
564.3
157.4
158.0
1,420.0
519.7
67.2
735.4
270.2
233.6
705.3
61.6
295.5
158.9
1,418.1
522.1
67.2
735.0
270.6
233.6
706.9
61.5
296.5
65.2
360.3
1,361.3
158.6
43.6
595.9
428.4
132.8
360.0
57.3
64.8
360.3
1,366.7
156.9
44.0
596.7
429.0
132.6
358.4
57.2
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.p
340.0
74.4
289.9
171.4
2,078.1
298.4
204.8
49.1
285.6
883.4
545.4
341.2
74.2
290.1
168.8
2,075.2
297.5
207.3
50.3
286.0
884.6
546.6
342.4
74.8
285.8
168.8
2,075.6
297.6
207.7
49.4
284.9
887.0
554.3
343.1
74.5
287.6
169.3
2,078.6
297.9
208.7
49.6
285.7
889.3
555.4
343.0
75.1
287.1
169.1
2,079.4
298.8
208.8
49.9
284.8
894.1
556.8
344.3
75.8
286.3
169.4
2,079.8
297.9
207.3
49.4
285.1
895.8
558.3
343.6
75.1
286.4
169.5
2,079.7
299.9
208.9
110.8
90.6
761.0
391.1
221.4
231.3
276.1
340.6
95.9
413.3
111.1
90.8
758.2
391.6
222.4
223.9
275.1
340.8
95.9
417.3
111.3
90.6
759.6
397.6
224.3
231.8
276.1
339.6
93.9
421.3
111.8
91.3
772.2
395.7
224.5
232.1
276.5
340.2
94.0
417.6
111.5
91.6
772.6
396.0
225.2
231.1
277.7
340.2
93.6
418.1
112.0
92.2
773.2
396.9
225.7
232.7
276.7
339.6
93.3
419.4
110.4
92.2
768.1
398.2
224.7
232.0
272.8
340.2
92.1
419.1
112.0
92.2
770.6
395.6
223.4
232.3
275.5
338.6
93.2
417.9
387.8
639.5
352.3
209.2
378.4
74.4
147.1
90.9
73.7
564.8
388.4
634.1
352.7
209.9
377.7
73.5
149.1
88.1
72.6
562.8
389.1
633.4
353.4
214.9
377.4
74.7
150.0
89.1
73.3
564.4
390.0
642.9
355.4
210.6
379.1
74.2
150.0
88.9
71.8
566.4
389.7
641.7
356.2
211.2
379.6
74.6
150.1
89.2
74.5
568.3
388.8
641.2
357.9
211.4
380.7
74.5
149.2
89.3
73.9
569.2
387.8
641.6
358.5
211.8
382.5
75.0
150.5
90.0
74.1
569.2
387.0
637.0
359.6
211.5
381.0
74.4
151.1
89.4
75.1
565.2
388.3
638.6
159.4
1,418.3
523.2
67.3
735.7
271.0
233.2
708.3
62.0
295.9
160.4
1,418.4
524.1
66.4
736.8
272.5
233.5
709.3
61.2
298.5
158.1
1,430.4
530.2
67.2
730.2
270.8
232.2
709.2
61.3
298.6
159.0
1,423.2
537.3
67.3
737.5
270.8
231.9
708.3
61.5
298.7
159.9
1,419.7
533.9
67.8
738.3
267.6
232.1
709.1
60.3
298.1
159.7
1,420.4
536.5
66.6
744.5
266.9
232.2
709.3
60.9
297.8
160.1
1,423.0
539.1
66.4
738.5
268.3
232.9
710.5
61.3
297.9
160.0
1,420.2
539.2
66.8
739.5
268.6
233.0
713.8
62.4
297.7
160.4
1,417.5
539.9
66.6
738.0
269.6
233.9
710.0
61.7
299.6
64.8
361.1
1,367.8
157.6
44.2
595.5
427.9
129.4
361.8
57.2
65.6
361.0
1,365.9
159.1
44.2
596.0
430.2
131.9
360.6
57.3
65.4
361.8
1,382.5
159.1
42.5
600.6
429.8
125.9
359.8
57.0
66.4
362.9
1,393.2
159.9
42.4
600.0
428.7
132.4
360.7
55.6
67.6
362.5
1,395.5
160.0
42.9
600.9
434.5
135.0
360.4
57.2
66.8
363.5
1,394.3
160.3
43.7
601.1
429.6
134.9
361.2
57.7
66.8
364.6
1,397.3
161.0
43.5
602.0
433.3
135.1
361.7
57.6
66.7
365.1
1,395.4
162.0
43.5
601.5
431.5
135.5
362.4
57.8
67.4
365.1
1,389.6
161.1
43.4
597.5
433.5
134.8
363.0
58.0
Government
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
295.3
206.6
49.4
1,417.7
517.8
67.5
735.6
271.2
233.2
704.0
61.4
293.8
65.6
359.7
1,359.2
158.0
43.9
594.9
426.5
132.9
360.7
57.2
Includes mining, not shown separately.
Mining is combined with construction.
60
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: All State data have been adjusted to March 1993 benchmarks.
49.4
284.0
898.0
560.8
359.3
211.4
381.9
74.8
150.7
90.0
76.6
561.1
160.1
1,415.4
539.0
66.9
738.7
268.9
233.5
704.2
62.2
298.4
67.4
365.1
1,391.1
161.6
44.1
599.3
432.6
134.7
360.1
57.8
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1993
1994
Industry
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.p
Mar.
34.2
34.4
34.7
34.4
34.5
34.7
34.3
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.8
34.3
34.7
43.4
44.3
44.6
44.1
44.9
44.6
44.1
45.1
44.2
43.9
44.2
43.9
44.6
41.2
4.0
41.5
4.2
41.4
4.1
41.2
4.0
41.4
4.0
41.4
4.1
41.5
4.1
41.6
4.3
41.7
4.3
41.7
4.4
41.8
4.4
41.2
4.6
42.2
4.8
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
42.0
4.2
40.6
40.1
42.2
43.9
44.4
41.9
42.8
41.6
42.7
44.3
41.1
39.9
42.2
4.4
40.5
40.0
42.5
44.2
44.7
42.1
43.1
41.8
42.9
45.2
41.3
40.3
42.0
4.3
40.6
39.7
42.8
43.6
44.1
41.9
42.9
41.8
42.7
44.0
41.3
39.8
41.9
4.2
40.4
39.5
42.6
43.4
44.1
41.9
42.9
41.4
42.5
43.5
41.2
39.5
42.0
4.1
40.7
39.9
42.7
43.6
44.3
41.9
43.1
41.8
42.3
43.0
41.4
39.5
42.2
4.2
40.8
40.5
42.9
43.5
43.7
42.1
43.0
42.0
43.1
44.4
41.0
39.7
42.3
4.2
41.1
39.9
42.8
43.4
44.4
42.0
42.8
42.1
43.8
45.1
41.1
39.9
42.4
4.5
41.2
40.5
42.7
43.6
43.7
42.3
43.2
42.1
43.5
44.8
41.1
39.6
42.5
4.7
41.5
40.7
43.3
44.1
44.0
42.5
43.2
41.9
43.8
45.9
40.9
39.9
42.6
4.7
41.3
40.2
43.0
44.3
44.2
42.6
43.3
41.8
44.2
46.4
41.1
39.9
42.7
4.8
41.6
40.2
43.6
44.2
43.7
42.7
43.4
42.1
44.0
46.3
41.6
40.1
42.2
5.0
40.3
38.8
42.2
44.2
44.2
42.3
43.1
41.6
44.0
46.5
40.9
39.0
43.0
5.1
41.5
40.4
43.7
44.7
44.5
43.0
43.9
42.5
44.5
46.7
41.8
40.2
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
40.3
3.8
40.4
2
()
40.1
37.2
43.5
38.1
42.8
40.6
3.9
40.8
40.5
3.9
40.6
2
()
40.7
4.1
40.7
4.0
40.7
2
()
41.9
37.2
43.7
38.3
43.1
(2)
40.6
4.0
40.6
2
()
41.5
37.0
43.7
38.3
43.2
(2)
41.8
40.7
4.0
40.8
2
()
41.9
37.3
43.7
38.4
43.0
(2)
42.1
40.0
4.1
42.1
(2)
41.8
41.4
41.2
4.3
41.2
2
()
42.3
38.0
44.2
38.5
43.6
(2)
42.7
39.0
41.3
37.1
43.6
38.4
43.1
(2)
41.7
37.7
40.5
4.0
40.6
2
()
41.5
36.8
43.8
38.2
38.9
40.5
3.9
40.4
2
()
41.7
37.3
43.7
38.2
43.3
(2)
41.8
38.6
40.5
3.9
40.6
2
()
(2)
41.8
40.6
4.0
40.7
2
()
41.9
37.1
43.7
38.4
42.9
(2)
41.8
38.6
38.5
38.7
37.5
38.7
39.8
39.4
38.4
38.2
29.0
28.8
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Transportation and public utilities
39.6
39.4
Wholesale trade
38.0
38.0
Retail trade
28.2
28.8
32.4
32.4
(2)
41.3
37.3
43.4
38.5
43.4
(2)
41.7
41.4
37.3
43.5
38.1
43.2
(2)
41.8
43.1
(2)
41.6
41.0
(2)
41.3
36.9
43.8
38.5
43.4
40.9
(2)
40.2
35.5
43.2
37.9
43.0
(2)
38.0
38.3
38.8
38.7
39.6
40.1
39.6
39.9
39.7
39.8
40.1
39.9
40.1
38.2
38.3
37.9
38.2
38.2
38.1
38.5
38.1
38.3
28.8
28.9
28.8
28.9
28.8
28.9
29.0
28.6
29.0
32.5
32.7
32.2
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.9
32.3
32.5
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1
32.8
32.5
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular
components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are
subject to revision.
61
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1982=100)
1993
1994
Industry
Feb.1
Mar.p
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Total private
122.2
123.1
124.6
123.6
124.1
124.8
123.7
124.9
125.1
125.4
126.3
124.7
126.9
Goods-producing
101.9
102.2
102.8
102.0
102.6
102.4
102.1
102.8
103.8
103.7
103.8
102.2
105.5
52.5
53.5
54.2
53.0
53.8
53.1
53.0
53.9
52.7
53.8
53.7
53.2
53.7
Construction
118.8
119.3
124.5
123.4
125.3
124.9
123.3
124.5
127.9
126.9
125.5
121.1
129.1
Manufacturing
101.6
101.8
101.4
100.8
101.0
100.9
100.9
101.5
102.0
102.1
102.6
101.5
104.0
97.8
118.8
118.0
101.2
84.4
71.6
97.9
98.2
120.6
98.5
99.1
124.0
120.6
102.2
84.6
71.0
101.5
91.8
99.8
100.2
125.8
121.3
103.2
86.5
71.8
103.2
101.1
128.0
121.6
105.4
86.6
71.0
104.1
100.1
102.3
127.5
92.7
93.3
101.1
111.2
144.2
73.8
101.4
112.5
151.1
74.5
97.4
Mining
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1
99.3
99.2
98.5
122.1
119.4
101.3
86.5
73.3
101.3
120.1
119.1
101.0
119.6
118.9
101.9
85.3
72.4
100.5
90.5
100.3
111.2
136.6
77.1
98.0
86.5
73.4
101.3
91.2
100.5
110.1
136.3
77.3
90.8
100.1
108.3
131.5
76.3
100.3
84.1
70.2
100.6
99.6
105.9
128.3
75.6
107.8
132.9
74.7
96.7
96.0
104.8
109.7
105.2
110.2
67.6
97.5
89.6
109.5
63.4
97.5
104.6
110.3
60.5
96.8
129.5
75.7
96.7
99.4
97.8
104.8
110.3
65.4
94.8
91.1
109.6
122.4
105.4
110.6
65.8
105.3
99.4
90.2
109.5
98.8
85.4
129.9
99.0
98.9
90.8
109.7
122.8
100.5
87.9
129.7
86.9
99.7
84.9
129.9
129.4
85.9
129.9
56.3
55.6
55.2
53.9
131.3
132.4
134.5
116.1
115.5
114.7
109.5
66.0
120.0
101.9
90.7
99.8
91.0
98.8
106.9
122.1
118.8
101.9
84.1
71.7
100.5
90.6
100.3
109.6
135.2
74.5
96.9
125.5
122.2
103.7
86.3
71.9
102.6
100.8
92.1
100.6
108.8
110.1
135.4
74.3
96.2
139.8
73.6
96.5
104.2
109.3
62.3
104.7
111.4
63.2
105.0
97.1
87.7
96.8
87.2
108.9
96.9
104.7
110.3
124.4
117.4
101.5
87.3
71.8
103.4
93.3
100.9
112.4
150.8
122.2
105.9
88.1
71.1
105.2
95.3
73.1
94.3
103.7
113.7
149.9
74.5
97.2
103.3
111.2
58.8
106.3
112.4
65.2
94.4
82.7
107.6
88.2
110.1
101.1
84.4
131.8
121.4
100.2
81.4
131.4
101.4
83.7
135.6
104.5
109.9
61.0
97.2
108.6
122.4
100.1
85.6
109.1
122.5
100.6
84.1
123.1
101.3
86.3
129.5
128.7
128.6
111.0
67.1
97.8
88.1
108.7
122.7
100.9
83.1
131.0
54.9
54.1
54.2
54.7
54.6
54.4
54.7
52.4
54.1
133.4
133.8
134.9
133.4
134.7
134.7
135.1
136.4
134.8
136.4
116.6
115.3
115.9
116.8
115.3
116.5
116.0
115.9
117.1
116.8
117.9
114.7
116.1
115.2
115.6
115.7
114.6
115.6
115.8
115.6
117.1
116.4
117.0
119.9
122.6
124.0
123.3
123.5
124.0
123.6
124.2
123.8
124.7
125.0
123.7
125.8
116.9
117.2
120.0
117.9
117.3
120.7
118.4
119.7
119.3
119.3
121.8
119.6
120.0
152.9
154.0
156.7
155.6
156.4
157.7
155.5
157.6
158.0
158.3
160.1
157.8
159.9
123.3
123.3
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.
62
119.9
119.2
101.7
84.5
71.6
100.0
91.4
89.7
108.8
123.8
101.1
89.0
62.0
98.0
87.0
108.7
122.3
101.3
82.2
131.6
86.3
108.9
122.6
99.7
123.3
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are
subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ALL-EMPLOYEE HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Percent change
Industry
Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ..
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
March 1993
to
March 1994P
Jan. 1994
to
Feb. 1994r
Feb. 1994
to
March 1994P
207,234
2.4
-1.3
1.1
166,954
169,097
2.8
-1.5
1.3
1,387
9,566
38,638
22,169
16,469
11,976
12,316
30,250
12,398
52,986
1,371
9,006
37,985
21,845
16,140
11,874
12,232
29,723
12,355
52,408
1,391
9,364
38,312
22,021
16,290
11,923
12,324
30,044
12,616
53,124
2.4
5.5
-.2
.3
-.7
1.0
1.8
3.0
3.9
4.8
-1.2
1.4
4.0
38,129
38,021
38,137
Jan.
1994r
Feb.
1994r
207,646
204,974
169,517
1
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted, multiplied
by 52.
p
= preliminary.
r
= revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,
March
1994P
-5.9
-1.7
-1.5
-2.0
-.8
-.7
-1.7
-.3
-1.1
.9
.8
.9
.4
.8
1.1
2.1
1.4
nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2414,
chapter 10, "Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors".
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202—606-5606).
63
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-11. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, seasonally adjusted
1993
1994
Industry
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.p
Mar."
Average hourly earnings
Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime2
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, Insurance, and real estate
Services
Total private (in constant dollars)3
$10.78 $10.77 $10.82 $10.81 $10.81 $10.86 $10.86 $10.92 $10.93 $10.95 $11.02 $11.03 $11.04
14.64
14.28
11.66
11.13
13.64
11.59
7.27
11.11
10.76
14.84
14.28
11.71
11.13
13.61
11.67
7.25
11.15
10.73
14.76
14.34
11.71
11.15
13.62
11.74
7.29
11.34
10.80
14.59
14.32
11.72
11.17
13.65
11.68
7.28
11.26
10.78
14.51
14.39
11.72
11.19
13.66
11.73
7.28
11.30
10.77
14.53
14.39
11.77
11.22
13.65
11.80
7.30
11.48
10.83
14.50
14.39
11.84
11.27
13.63
11.76
7.29
11.38
10.84
14.61
14.41
11.83
11.26
13.67
11.84
7.35
11.51
10.89
14.49
14.44
11.88
11.29
13.68
11.78
7.34
11.53
10.91
14.66
14.38
11.95
11.34
13.72
11.78
7.37
11.55
10.91
14.92
14.38
11.96
11.36
13.83
11.92
7.41
11.69
11.00
14.77
14.55]
12.041
11.43
13.84
11.87
7.44
11.61
10.99
7.40
7.38
7.39
7.38
7.37
7.39
7.38
7.39
7.39
7.39
7.43
7.42
14.78
14.45
12.02
11.38
13.89
11.86
7.43
11.61
11.00
O
Average weekly earnings
Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1982) dollars 3 .
368.68 370.49 375.45 371.86 372.95 376.84 372.50 376.74 377.09 377.78 383.50 378.33 383.09
253.21 253.76 256.45 253.83 254.23 256.35 253.23 255.07 254.79 254.91 258.60 254.60
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time
and one-half.
3
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
64
Workers (CPI-W) is used
4
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment
1992 benchmark levels.
all seasonally adjusted
revision.
to deflate these series.
survey estimates are currently projected from March
When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
data from January 1989 forward are subject to
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
108,241 108,672 109,467 109,933 110,792
Total
89,177 89,502 90,580 90,711 91,442 72,324 72,634 73,591 73,721 74,390
Total private
Mining
587
590
592
587
49.5
411
414
417
411
49.5
9.9
40.3
6.6
12.4
39.5
8.1
12.3
39.2
14.8
40.7
6.8
12.4
87.9
81.5
90.7
84.4
88.7
82.2
88.5
82.4
213.9
82.7
126.9
211.5
82.3
124.9
220.7
78.1
138.5
215.0
76.4
134.7
68.4
26.0
70.6
26.9
67.7
26.3
67.8
26.5
4,330
3,047
3,079
3,199
3,143
710.7
342.9
11.1
356.7
688.6
332.9
11.1
344.6
479.7
115.1
364.6
475.4
111.6
363.8
Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores
10
101
102
50.9
8.4
15.0
51.2
8.7
15.0
9.9
14.8
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining
12
122
110.2
102.4
113.5
105.8
110.5
102.6
110.8
103.3
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services
13
131
138
333.3
167.8
159.8
330.3
166.9
157.8
339.8
160.6
173.3
334.7
159.4
169.4
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals
14
142
144
147
92.8
34.4
27.9
14.4
95.1
35.2
29.2
14.5
91.8
34.6
28.0
13.2
91.7
34.9
27.7
13.2
4,074
4,109
4,248
4,193
Construction
586
331.5
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
15
152
153
154
985.9
483.9
25.7
476.3
983.2 1,020.9
484.6 510.9
25.6
27.0
473.0 483.0
997.4 1,019.0
501.2
27.0
469.2
679.2
319.6
11.2
348.4
676.1
319.5
11.1
345.5
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
16
161
162
591.9
148.1
443.8
612.2
159.5
452.7
589.6
149.0
440.6
475.9
112.2
363.7
494.9
122.5
372.4
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
593.4
152.2
441.2
2,496.6 2,513.1 2,633.8 2,606.4
584.6
581.5 619.9 613.9
139.0
140.8
148.4
149.9
480.1 480.9
513.0 504.9
351.9 352.4 377.5 376.0
157.1
159.2
177.0
179.2
174.3
172.7
174.1
170.9
411
8.1
12.2
3,272
1,891.7 1,908.3 2,008.4 1,978.7
418.8 415.8 448.7 442.2
111.9
113.6
118.5
119.8
365.3 366.5 394.9 387.1
294.3 296.0 315.8 314.4
113.5
115.6
132.2
133.8
133.9
132.3
133.2 129.6
17,781 17,768 17,628 17,623 17,648 12,086 12,092 12,053 12,070 12,099
Manufacturing
Durable goods
9,996
9,991
10,018
6,715
6,721
6,730
6,740
6,766
671.3
72.3
688.4
687.9
72.9
689.0
549.2
62.1
567.1
59.2
566.7
59.0
567.2
175.2
139.7
33.4
240.8
176.7
140.6
550.8
58.4
151.8
152.9
121.5
29.8
200.5
81.3
55.8
19.6
24.5
36.4
51.7
41.6
66.4
153.5
122.0
29.9
199.3
80.2
56.0
19.9
24.4
37.1
51.4
41.8
66.4
382.9
230.4
104.5
75.4
16.7
22.8
10,070 10,064
669.4
76.0
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
24
241
242
2451
249
173.7
138.9
32.9
238.8
99.0
66.8
22.3
27.4
42.2
57.3
42.2
81.4
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
25
251
476.9
272.9
2511
2512
2514
2515
122.7
87.7
20.0
29.1
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
100.4
67.1
22.5
27.3
43.0
58.4
42.7
81.6
72.9
34.1
249.4
103.7
69.8
22.9
27.3
43.0
65.2
49.8
150.4
120.1
28.7
191.0
77.1
52.9
19.1
24.6
35.5
44.0
34.7
66.2
177.1
141.0
34.2
248.4
102.8
70.0
23.1
27.2
43.6
64.6
50.0
81.2
81.3
477.4
274.3
123.0
88.6
20.0
485.1
276.2
483.7
274.8
122.4
89.7
20.8
29.2
29.7
121.5
89.5
20.4
29.9
484.3
120.9
29.2
192.8
78.4
53.2
19.2
24.5
36.3
44.9
35.0
66.6
376.4
227.9
105.3
73.2
376.5
229.0
383.5
105.8
73.7
16.1
22.3
16.2
22.3
105.1
75.3
17.1
22.6
231.2
383.0
See footnotes at end of table.
65
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures—Continued
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
1987
SIC
Code
Allemployees
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Production workers
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
252
253
254
259
61.7
34.8
74.2
33.3
60.6
34.7
74.5
33.3
62.8
35.8
75.8
34.5
62.8
35.6
76.2
34.3
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool
32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296
495.4
13.9
78.8
35.5
43.3
58.3
16.8
30.5
37.4
173.7
15.4
59.9
81.7
73.1
19.4
3.0
21.3
498.4
13.9
79.0
35.6
43.4
58.2
16.6
30.7
37.6
176.3
15.5
60.5
83.5
73.2
19.4
3.0
21.1
497.6
14.1
75.5
33.1
42.4
58.0
16.7
30.5
38.2
179.2
15.5
60.9
86.0
73.1
19.2
2.9
21.1
496.8
14.1
76.7
33.8
42.9
58.0
16.6
30.3
38.4
176.9
15.5
60.5
84.1
73.1
19.3
2.8
21.0
504.2
_
_
_
_
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
:.... 3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365
680.2
240.3
177.1
25.1
118.7
74.9
5.8
24.2
43.3
25.3
161.1
22.6
24.0
68.6
76.5
22.0
678.9
239.5
176.3
25.1
118.6
75.0
5.7
24.2
43.1
25.1
160.4
22.6
23.8
68.3
76.8
22.1
674.7
236.5
173.5
25.1
119.0
75.7
6.1
24.6
40.6
23.3
159.5
22.3
22.8
68.9
111
22.2
675.2
235.4
171.5
25.8
120.4
76.1
6.2
24.9
40.4
23.0
159.5
22.2
22.7
69.1
78.4
22.4
674.5
233.1
_
_
_
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
See footnotes at end of table.
66
34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
1,307.9 1,307.9 1,317.2 1,315.0 1,320.5
40.7
_
43.0
41.0
43.2
34.6
34.4
32.5
33.0
_
122.9 122.4 124.6 124.8
41.0
42.2
42.3
_
41.0
_
70.7
70.5
69.9
70.6
56.7
56.6
58.9
58.2
_
25.1
25.0
25.0
24.9
19.4
_
18.4
20.3
18.7
384.0
_
381.1
381.0 386.1
_
65.0
66.1
66.2
65.9
67.2
69.8
69.5
67.5
97.1
96.7
94.0
93.5
_
93.4
93.3
89.9
90.2
_
25.4
25.1
25.1
25.3
_
90.2
90.6
89.6
89.1
46.3
46.7
44.8
45.1
43.9
43.9
44.3
44.5
_
217.8 217.8 221.9 221.5
_
29.1
28.8
28.9
29.1
_
99.4
98.8 101.7 101.2
78.0
79.8
79.9
78.5
-
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
45.3
27.5
53.8
21.9
44.1
27.5
54.0
21.9
46.0
28.1
55.2
23.0
46.0
28.1
55.6
22.8
380.1
10.9
66.3
31.9
34.4
44.3
12.9
23.3
29.4
129.5
9.6
44.2
62.5
54.3
14.2
2.4
-
382.7
10.8
66.4
31.9
34.5
44.3
12.7
23.6
29.4
131.9
9.8
44.8
64.2
54.3
14.3
2.4
-
381.0
10.9
62.9
29.5
33.4
43.8
12.7
23.4
30.3
134.0
9.6
44.8
66.3
54.4
14.4
2.4
-
380.5
10.8
64.2
30.2
34.0
43.9
12.6
23.4
30.5
131.4
9.6
44.3
64.3
54.7
14.7
2.2
-
388.0
_
516.7
182.4
135.0
18.6
94.4
60.0
4.7
18.9
33.1
20.0
117.0
17.1
16.1
50.3
60.7
17.4
516.7
182.4
134.9
18.6
94.5
60.3
4.6
18.9
32.9
19.8
116.7
17.2
16.0
50.0
61.1
17.6
516.8
180.8
133.7
18.4
95.7
61.5
4.7
19.6
30.5
18.1
117.2
17.0
15.6
50.7
62.6
17.8
518.1
179.4
131.9
18.7
97.2
62.1
4.8
20.0
30.4
18.0
117.8
17.0
15.7
50.9
63.5
18.1
517.7
177.0
_
961.2
37.2
30.3
91.1
30.5
52.8
40.5
18.9
11.9
268.0
47.3
48.2
65.5
66.8
17.8
68.1
36.4
31.7
173.4
21.9
84.1
58.9
962.1
37.1
30.2
90.8
30.5
52.4
40.5
19.0
11.7
268.2
47.3
47.9
65.3
67.1
17.8
68.4
36.4
32.0
173.5
22.1
83.6
59.3
975.9
34.7
28.1
92.9
32.1
52.8
42.3
18.8
13.3
275.3
46.9
50.7
64.7
70.3
17.7
69.6
37.6
32.0
177.5
22.3
86.2
60.8
975.0
35.1
28.6
93.5
32.4
53.0
41.6
19.0
12.3
273.3
46.1
50.4
64.4
69.9
17.7
70.2
38.0
32.2
176.9
22.4
85.5
60.9
976.8
_
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products
1987
SIC
Code
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9
Production workers1
Allemployees
Feb.
1993
113.3
70.9
42.4
61.5
37.8
222.3
24.1
51.4
Mar.
1993
114.5
71.6
42.9
60.6
36.9
222.4
24.1
51.2
Jan.
1994
114.7
71.8
42.9
55.0
32.6
225.1
23.9
52.0
Feb.
1994P
115.4
72.3
43.1
54.8
32.4
224.7
23.5
51.8
Mar.
1994P
_
_
_
_
_
-
Feb.
1993
87.4
54.5
32.9
35.1
19.0
160.4
17.5
38.8
Mar.
1993
88.5
55.3
33.2
34.2
18.1
160.9
17.7
38.6
Jan.
1994
89.4
55.7
33.7
30.7
15.9
163.5
17.7
39.4
Feb.
1994 P
90.1
56.2
33.9
30.6
15.7
163.7
17.4
39.2
Mar.
1994P
_
_
_
_
-
1,909.4 1,908.1 1,903.2 1,908.2 1,915.1 1,152.3 1,154.2 1,168.8 1,177.3 1,183.9
89.7
_
55.1
55.1
56.4
56.5
87.9
87.9
89.6
_
_
16.9
28.4
28.7
28.6
16.8
16.7
16.8
28.5
_
38.4
39.5
39.7
61.1
38.3
59.4
60.9
59.5
_
102.4
71.4
72.1
74.6
75.9
98.6
99.2 101.4
_
50.1
52.5
70.9
73.4
74.2
49.5
53.3
71.3
_
_
124.4
130.9
209.5
124.5
130.5
206.1
205.7 209.1
_
46.7
79.7
47.0
50.8
51.0
77.5
79.6
77.5
_
8.4
8.4
_
14.4
14.3
9.2
9.2
15.5
15.5
37.6
24.0
23.8
24.8
_
37.2
37.0
37.3
25.1
_
_
35.5
19.9
18.8
33.9
33.5
18.5
20.0
35.5
_
_
16.4
26.1
17.2
16.6
17.2
25.0
25.2
26.1
_
214.5 214.8 217.5 218.8
_
305.4 305.3 308.9 309.7
_
_
36.2
22.2
22.3
22.2
36.9
36.8
36.3
22.3
_
_
9.4
15.3
9.6
9.4
9.5
15.2
15.1
15.1
_
_
141.3
145.2
110.9
107.8 108.0 110.1
141.2
144.5
48.6
48.4
48.5
33.6
33.8
33.9
33.5
48.5
_
_
23.4
24.1
24.0
16.5
16.0
15.9
16.4
23.6
_
_
84.7
83.7
83.9
145.9
146.1
146.8
84.2
145.6
15.8
_
10.6
10.3
10.3
10.4
15.4
15.5
15.5
_
_
19.9
10.4
11.4
11.5
10.4
20.9
21.0
19.9
_
13.7
_
22.6
13.5
13.5
13.8
22.8
22.8
22.6
234.0 233.3 232.7 233.3
148.8
148.4
147.6 148.2
_
_
17.2
31.0
30.7
29.6
29.5
16.2
17.0
16.2
_
35.7
35.8
28.3
30.3
29.4
37.7
28.2
37.0
25.7
13.8
13.9
13.6
_
25.2
25.1
13.8
25.1
_
_
31.7
21.4
21.5
20.8
20.9
30.9
31.9
30.9
_
16.1
11.2
11.2
11.3
11.2
16.0
16.1
16.1
19.3
19.8
_
13.3
12.7
12.9
13.2
_
19.8
19.3
_
_
373.4 369.7 346.4 344.4
125.4 124.5
119.2 120.4
196.3
54.0
57.3
56.7
222.4 218.9
197.1
52.8
57.1
171.9
116.9
286.5
20.6
223.6
56.7
174.5
119.0
286.6
20.5
224.0
55.0
179.8
122.0
289.2
21.5
225.8
54.3
181.8
123.8
290.6
21.6
226.9
_
_
_
_
_
-
1,513.7 1,515.6 1,515.6 1,517.3 1,523.1
82.0
80.4
80.8
81.9
_
40.5
40.9
40.1
40.9
41.1
40.3
40.3
41.0
_
156.7
160.8
156.7
160.0
_
80.4
80.9
78.0
78.1
59.3
59.9
60.1
_
59.2
_
116.9
121.8
120.2 121.8
_
26.0
26.7
27.4
27.1
_
17.9
19.0
18.7
18.0
28.2
28.9
29.0
29.3
-
25.9
119.9
85.6
209.1
16.5
168.1
25.5
121.9
87.3
209.0
16.6
168.3
23.2
126.4
89.8
212.4
17.5
170.4
23.4
127.9
91.2
214.0
17.8
171.5
_
_
_
_
-
964.5
56.8
29.1
27.7
109.7
60.3
35.8
92.7
22.0
13.5
21.6
967.9
56.8
29.2
27.6
109.9
60.6
35.7
95.7
23.5
13.7
22.2
971.1
56.3
29.0
27.3
111.7
62.0
35.6
98.3
23.6
15.0
22.8
972.7
56.8
29.4
27.4
112.7
62.6
35.8
98.8
23.1
15.4
22.9
978.8
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
See footnotes at end of table.
67
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties
See footnotes at end of table.
68
1987
SIC
Code
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
173.8
173.6
20.9
64.0
20.9
63.8
19.2
20.5
80.6
56.5
233.7
20.8
81.3
56.4
232.8
107.7
520.1
24.8
214.1
122.1
149.9
24.4
63.1
19.2
106.9
520.7
24.5
214.8
122.1
148.4
24.2
61.8
38
897.3
894.6
210.3
281.5
42.5
57.1
74.2
265.7
108.5
97.0
37.6
208.7
280.8
42.4
57.2
73.8
39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
Jan.
1994
174.6
20.7
64.6
19.4
20.4
84.3
58.4
227.7
102.7
515.9
23.5
216.3
122.3
150.9
25.0
65.0
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
125.4
17.0
42.5
13.9
15.5
53.0
35.4
119.6
59.9
304.1
16.6
90.2
79.4
175.8
20.7
64.8
19.6
20.5
83.3
57.7
227.6
103.0
515.6
23.6
216.4
121.8
151.6
103.2
18.6
48.3
25.1
65.6
Mar.
1993
125.1
17.0
42.5
13.8
15.7
53.5
35.2
119.7
59.8
305.2
16.5
90.8
79.3
102.0
18.5
47.4
Jan.
1994
126.4
16.3
43.5
14.1
15.6
56.1
36.9
116.2
56.1
300.1
15.9
91.3
79.4
106.0
19.4
50.4
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
126.7
16.3
43.4
14.3
15.5
55.0
36.3
116.6
56.4
299.7
16.0
91.5
78.9
106.4
19.4
50.8
1,763.0 1,751.3 1,701.2 1,696.0 1,696.8 1,118.0 1,112.8 1,095.4 1,095.9 1,098.5
849.7 851.9 627.4 626.0 650.6 654.4 655.7
813.4 847.3
816.1
230.0
328.5
315.7
229.6 233.9 234.9
328.1
316.6
28.7
28.4
26.9
35.6
26.9
35.8
34.2
34.1
332.9 349.2 351.1
334.8
420.0 AM A 434.4 436.4
25.5
25.1
27.7
22.1
21.5
31.5
31.1
27.2
570.2 562.4 501.2 493.3 488.9 268.4 264.3 230.3 226.7
127.4 113.6 111.6
128.8
312.0
309.8 282.4 277.9
49.6
50.1
58.8
57.8
100.5
102.3
115.4
118.3
65.5
66.6
79.1
80.8
137.2 116.5 114.9
139.9
124.9
152.8
125.2 118.5 118.5
153.5
160.6
161.0
80.7
87.7
107.7
81.3
87.6
107.6
114.8
115.6
37.8
37.2
37.6
45.4
37.2
45.8
45.2
45.8
20.8
20.4
20.9
27.8
28.1
21.0
27.6
27.8
31.1
31.4
35.1
35.4
108.6
109.5
125.4
126.8
20.3
20.5
23.5
23.7
77.5
78.2
90.6
91.4
32.2
31.2
29.6
29.0
46.6
45.7
45.5
44.9
16.6
14.7
16.3
14.4
20.1
18.1
17.8
19.8
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387
Production workers1
All employees
854.6
187.1
94.0
37.5
270.9
41.6
55.4
70.3
262.7
109.9
93.9
37.5
8.3
88.7
8.3
88.2
8.2
360.6
49.4
36.5
13.1
106.6
41.1
65.5
31.1
29.3
17.5
131.1
53.3
355.3
49.3
36.7
13.2
103.2
40.2
63.0
30.5
28.3
17.0
130.8
54.4
355.8
48.6
36.4
13.3
104.3
40.6
63.7
30.1
28.0
16.7
131.5
54.6
265.9
108.7
94.0
96.9
37.6
93.3
8.2
356.9
49.4
36.4
13.0
105.8
41.2
64.6
31.3
28.3
16.6
129.1
52.5
857.4
188.8
271.6
41.5
55.7
70.5
262.5
109.6
852.1
358.2
440.5
67.1
146.1
28.6
27.3
35.8
154.7
65.7
62.1
25.4
40.6
6.6
438.7
67.0
145.2
28.4
27.3
35.4
154.1
64.9
61.9
25.3
40.5
6.6
418.8
58.5
417.7
57.8
138.0
27.2
26.3
32.9
137.9
27.4
26.1
32.9
151.9
66.3
59.2
25.2
38.5
6.7
151.9
66.1
59.4
25.1
38.3
6.7
255.7
35.2
25.9
10.6
76.6
29.0
47.6
20.5
21.1
12.3
91.7
35.6
258.7
35.1
25.8
10.7
77.2
28.6
48.6
20.5
21.8
12.9
93.4
36.2
251.7
34.9
25.7
10.6
72.5
26.7
45.8
20.2
21.4
12.5
92.1
36.7
253.0
34.0
25.2
10.7
74.0
27.3
46.7
20.2
21.3
12.5
92.8
36.5
416.9
255.4
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC
oode
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
7,704 7,632 7,632 7,630 5,371
5,323 5,330 5,333
5,371
7,711
1,606.8 1,601.6 1,597.6 1,597.3 1,597.3 1,164.8 1,159.5 1,160.3 1,161.3 1,161.6
_
_
373.7 373.5
374.9 375.7
440.0 439.8 442.2 442.3
_
_
112.0
112.1
113.3
114.0
133.4
135.3
136.3
132.5
69.7
67.6
67.9
89.7
70.3
90.4
89.4
91.2
_
_
194.0
192.5
192.6
191.8
214.0 215.1 217.6 219.4
_
_
148.5
91.9
92.0
93.8
93.1
146.6
146.6
148.8
_
_
30.7
30.8
38.5
30.8
30.8
38.0
38.0
38.5
_
_
35.6
68.4
68.6
35.8
35.6
68.5
68.9
36.0
_
172.0
173.1
175.4
214.4 212.5
171.2
210.6 211.4
_
_
17.9
18.9
21.6
22.6
18.5
22.5
23.2
19.2
_
_
48.6
49.1
61.7
62.3
62.8
48.1
49.9
61.3
_
36.7
35.3
37.0
41.2
39.7
42.6
43.1
33.9
_
86.7
87.1
87.6
121.6
122.6
87.3
121.3
121.7
_
_
19.3
12.9
12.9
19.3
19.3
19.5
13.2
13.2
_
_
27.0
41.7
26.4
27.0
41.2
41.7
26.3
41.2
_
_
130.0
204.0 203.6
133.1
133.9
130.6
205.1
205.6
146.2
146.1
87.5
86.2
86.2
145.2
145.8
86.6
57.9
99.4
8.2
4.5
8.2
49.2
31.3
171.6
37.9
92.5
175.0
57.4
96.9
8.1
4.9
7.3
47.9
31.3
173.1
38.5
92.7
173.9
59.8
102.0
8.9
4.8
10.3
49.9
30.2
171.8
36.4
94.7
167.3
59.9
99.5
8.8
4.8
9.1
49.6
29.9
172.0
36.0
94.7
168.9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
44.4
77.1
6.4
3.1
7.2
39.1
21.4
75.4
22.7
33.4
130.5
43.8
74.7
6.3
3.5
6.2
37.9
21.3
76.7
23.3
33.5
129.7
46.4
78.7
6.8
3.4
9.1
39.6
20.9
79.2
22.9
36.4
122.4
46.5
77.0
6.7
3.4
7.9
39.6
20.8
79.8
22.8
36.5
123.7
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
Tobacco products
Cigarettes
21
211
49.1
33.9
46.0
33.2
47.4
32.0
44.8
31.2
42.9
-
37.1
25.7
34.2
25.0
36.3
24.2
33.8
23.6
32.3
-
Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
666.0
86.2
68.8
17.4
21.7
197.1
28.8
38.8
55.7
26.6
26.5
67.3
29.9
23.6
60.0
97.4
77.6
13.3
50.1
663.5
84.7
68.6
17.6
21.6
196.6
28.6
38.9
55.0
26.5
26.9
67.7
30.2
23.7
60.1
96.4
77.1
12.9
50.2
659.0
83.6
68.6
17.7
21.6
188.7
26.1
38.8
52.3
24.6
25.8
68.9
31.4
23.5
62.1
96.8
76.3
13.7
51.0
660.5
84.2
68.4
17.8
21.5
189.8
25.7
39.3
53.4
24.4
25.6
68.8
31.2
23.7
62.7
96.0
75.6
13.6
51.3
660.4
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
567.2
76.4
58.3
14.5
18.3
171.0
25.5
34.9
48.5
23.0
22.4
55.0
24.6
18.9
48.7
86.8
69.7
11.4
38.2
564.8
75.1
58.2
14.7
18.2
170.2
25.3
34.9
47.7
22.8
22.7
55.3
24.9
18.9
48.6
86.3
69.5
11.2
38.2
560.6
74.8
57.9
15.0
18.0
162.7
23.0
34.7
44.9
21.3
21.7
56.6
26.2
18.7
49.7
86.6
69.0
11.8
39.3
561.5
74.9
57.8
15.2
18.0
163.6
22.4
35.1
45.8
21.2
21.7
56.4
25.9
18.9
50.1
85.8
68.3
11.7
39.7
562.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
989.2
44.2
275.4
66.7
83.5
40.4
306.3
34.8
51.7
29.2
190.6
988.5
43.2
275.2
66.0
83.6
40.5
307.8
35.2
52.5
28.7
191.4
939.4
42.9
263.4
60.0
80.7
40.5
277.0
31.1
45.1
24.1
176.7
944.4
42.2
264.7
60.3
81.5
40.4
278.7
31.7
46.1
24.1
176.8
942.9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
828.2
36.5
236.7
57.1
72.8
35.1
256.6
28.2
41.4
24.2
162.8
830.3
36.0
237.0
56.4
73.0
35.3
258.5
28.7
42.2
23.7
163.9
784.3
35.6
226.8
51.5
70.0
35.4
230.5
25.1
35.4
19.5
150.5
791.2
35.2
228.0
51.8
70.7
35.2
233.0
25.8
36.9
19.6
150.7
790.6
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
See footnotes at end of table.
69
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
1987
SIC
Code
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396
Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes
26
262
263
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
27
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279
28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
44.2
35.6
8.6
36.2
15.3
30.0
163.5
15.4
43.1
43.8
44.1
35.5
8.6
36.2
15.1
31.1
165.6
15.6
43.6
44.3
512.3
128.4
39.6
163.8
92.1
14.2
39.6
169.9
21.2
27.0
18.3
511.9
128.2
39.5
163.7
92.1
14.3
39.4
170.0
21.2
26.9
18.3
507.4
126.9
39.2
506.8
163.8
93.3
14.0
38.7
167.5
20.9
26.5
18.5
507.3
126.7
39.0
163.2
93.3
14.0
38.6
168.4
20.9
26.6
18.5
1,500.7 1,501.5 1,508.0 1,507.1 1,508.9
450.7 449.4 450.9 450.2
125.4
124.1
125.6
124.5
123.2
118.6
122.2
119.1
83.6
83.5
81.6
82.1
39.6
38.7
37.0
37.0
80.5
80.6
81.3
81.0
527.9 529.9 534.0 534.5
347.9 348.9 350.0 350.6
165.3
165.1
161.3
162.4
46.5
47.2
47.2
46.9
64.3
64.7
66.2
66.3
57.1
57.2
59.3
59.5
829.8
156.5
43.5
66.5
36.1
30.4
39.3
382.5
251.5
831.6
829.2
827.9
829.8
156.3
43.5
155.9
42.6
66.2
34.8
31.4
154.7
43.2
67.3
35.2
32.1
38.4
386.0
1,074.8 1,074.8 1,054.0 1,050.1 1,047.9
133.1
136.7
136.7
132.2
86.0
88.6
88.7
85.6
163.6
169.3
168.9
163.0
81.3
83.0
82.9
81.2
55.6
59.0
58.8
55.1
259.1
259.3 260.7 260.4
213.3
213.5
215.0
214.6
152.6
152.6 150.1 148.6
40.9
41.8
40.4
41.9
42.4
42.0
42.6
42.5
68.4
66.7
66.2
68.1
57.2
57.3
57.7
57.8
144.9
145.5
151.8
151.6
25.2
25.3
25.3
25.2
123.2 123.0 117.1 116.5
57.7
55.8
56.1
57.4
87.6
90.2
88.0
90.2
53.4
41.5
11.9
42.7
18.0
37.3
201.7
19.5
51.1
54.1
53.2
41.2
12.0
42.9
17.9
38.4
203.0
19.5
51.4
54.7
679.9
169.0
679.5
672.5
166.0
50.9
209.9
123.6
15.9
671.7
165.5
50.6
51.5
168.7
51.5
209.6
209.5
121.9
16.1
49.1
122.1
16.1
48.8
236.2
44.5
35.7
236.1
44.4
36.0
23.9
23.9
47.8
232.6
43.9
35.6
23.6
123.5
16.0
47.8
233.0
43.9
35.5
23.6
152.9
116.0
25.3
147.7
147.2
112.9
23.3
112.3
23.4
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee
30
301
302
305
3052
875.9
83.5
880.3
83.7
10.8
59.3
23.0
100.9
625.6
892.0
82.5
895.6
82.4
10.6
61.6
23.7
101.9
639.1
10.5
59.2
23.0
306
100.6
308
622.1
10.3
61.2
23.6
101.5
636.5
670.6
209.5
152.9
116.8
24.4
Mar.
1993
46.3
37.6
8.7
39.0
15.9
33.7
162.2
15.5
43.4
42.6
55.9
43.9
12.0
46.0
18.5
41.2
198.1
19.3
51.1
52.2
29
291
295
70
Feb.
1993
45.9
37.3
8.6
40.3
16.6
33.3
161.7
15.3
43.1
43.0
55.7
43.9
11.8
47.3
19.2
40.9
198.5
19.1
51.1
52.7
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials
See footnotes at end of table.
Mar.
1994P
67.1
36.3
30.8
38.9
39.0
384.3
252.3
116.9
32.8
50.4
43.4
386.1
252.1
118.8
33.7
49.1
49.4
41.6
41.3
561.3
59.1
39.9
102.5
51.1
33.0
114.0
96.0
92.5
26.0
23.8
42.7
30.1
76.2
14.6
59.2
33.7
53.2
564.0
59.0
39.8
568.0
57.5
38.2
103.3
51.2
33.7
114.5
96.0
92.9
25.7
24.0
43.2
30.2
76.7
14.6
59.7
34.0
53.4
569.1
57.7
38.6
108.7
51.8
38.3
116.8
98.8
93.2
24.2
24.7
44.3
30.0
79.2
14.4
62.4
32.3
51.2
147.8
99.5
75.5
17.9
99.8
75.0
18.7
94.1
71.7
16.5
94.3
71.7
16.7
94.5
899.1
677.4
63.0
9.0
43.9
17.6
75.6
485.9
681.4
62.7
9.3
44.0
17.7
76.1
690.2
60.2
8.3
46.3
18.4
76.9
694.7
60.0
8.6
47.0
18.6
77.5
697.5
489.3
498.5
501.6
115.8
32.9
50.4
43.1
251.8
119.1
33.0
568.1
108.8
51.8
38.5
116.7
98.5
92.1
23.7
24.6
43.8
30.0
79.3
14.5
62.4
32.5
51.1
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods
1987
SIC
Code
31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
92.9
12.5
50.7
22.5
18.7
7.4
8.2
93.0
12.3
50.5
22.4
18.6
7.5
8.3
91.0
12.5
50.1
22.1
18.4
7.2
7.7
90.4
12.4
49.9
21.7
18.1
7.1
7.5
89.8
5,656
5,662
5,649
5,650
5,676
4,733
4,736
4,721
4,721
4,746
3,459
3,464
3,483
3,487
3,515
346.0
144.8
347.2
145.0
349.5
147.4
351.6
147.6
20.0
19.8
19.5
20.1
242.5
210.7
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity and rural bus transportation
School buses
41
411
412
413
415
376.3
159.2
29.3
22.5
139.2
377.7
159.5
29.3
22.3
139.6
380.0
162.3
28.8
22.0
142.2
382.6
162.9
29.1
22.5
142.8
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air ...
Public warehousing and storage
42
421
422
Water transportation
Water transportation of freight, nee
Water transportation services
44
444
449
160.6
13.3
100.0
162.2
13.3
101.0
157.7
12.1
98.1
158.3
12.0
99.8
Transportation by air
Air transportation, scheduled
Air transportation, scheduled
Airports, flying fields, and services
45
451
4512
458
729.1
600.4
494.0
99.7
726.7
600.2
493.2
97.9
731.7
606.3
488.9
96.5
729.9
604.2
486.8
96.3
Pipelines, except natural gas
46
17.9
17.8
17.0
Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement
47
472
4724
473
345.4
183.9
146.8
131.9
347.2
185.0
148.1
132.2
2,197
2,198
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Motor vehicle supplies and new parts
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
H o m e furnishings
50
501
5012
5013
502
5021
5023
Mar.
1994P
112.6
242.5
210.7
49
491
492
493
495
Feb.
1994P
112.9
15.0
60.1
27.8
20.9
9.5
11.2
247.2
215.1
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
Jan.
1994
113.9
15.1
60.9
28.6
21.3
9.6
11.2
249.2
216.8
48
481
4813
483
4832
4833
484
Mar.
1993
115.6
15.1
61.0
28.5
21.6
10.2
11.5
40
4011
Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting stations
Television broadcasting stations
Cable and other pay television services
Feb.
1993
115.8
15.3
61.3
28.6
21.8
10.2
11.5
Railroad transportation
Class I railroads2
Communications and public utilities
Mar.
1994P
1,580.7 1,584.8 1,606.8 1,608.0 1,621.9 1,375.4 1,378.1 1,396.9 1,397.2
1,458.1 1,463.0 1,480.5 1,482.1
1,273.0 1,276.5 1,290.9 1,291.7
119.6 118.7
99.7
102.6
103.0
98.8
123.0
122.6
88.1
89.4
86.9
16.9
13.6
13.6
13.2
13.0
347.6
185.6
151.2
132.0
349.0
187.4
152.7
131.5
271.3
144.1
113.7
102.9
272.7
145.1
115.0
102.8
273.3
146.9
118.8
101.7
274.0
148.4
120.2
101.0
2,166
2,163
976.0
662.3
621.0
187.9
975.0
661.3
619.3
187.4
942.5
629.2
581.2
188.9
942.2
629.0
580.7
188.9
109.5
109.9
110.5
110.5
740.2
336.9
126.0
144.4
109.7
739.6
336.0
125.3
143.7
111.3
732.2
330.8
124.4
140.9
112.7
731.5
330.4
124.3
141.2
112.3
88.6
732.3
2,161
1,254.1 1,254.6 1,236.0 1,237.3
875.7 875.8 854.3 855.1
819.7 819.0 790.6 790.7
224.5 224.1 225.6 225.8
110.5
110.2
110.2
110.1
114.0
113.9
115.4
115.7
128.7
129.2
131.2
131.4
942.5
433.2
162.0
189.7
127.9
942.9
433.0
161.0
189.6
129.6
929.6
424.5
160.3
184.4
130.6
925.7
423.1
160.2
182.6
130.0
6,034
6,055
6,103
6,112
6,137
4,854
4,874
4,914
4,924
3,455
449.0
112.9
266.9
137.1
63.1
74.0
3,465
449.8
112.9
267.4
137.9
63.4
74.5
3,504
460.1
115.7
274.0
144.6
66.8
77.8
3,511
459.8
115.6
273.8
147.2
67.5
79.7
3,522
2,749
360.6
2,760
361.1
2,797
371.2
2,802
371.0
108.6
109.4
114.2
115.4
4,940
See footnotes at end of table.
71
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Lumber and other construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Professional and commercial equipment
Office equipment
Computers, peripherals and software
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, television and radio sets
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Construction and mining machinery
Farm and garden machinery
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Stationery and office supplies
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wine and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
Farm supplies
1987
SIC
Code
Production workers
All employees
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
503
5031
5039
504
5044
5045
5047
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5082
5083
5084
5085
509
5093
220.7
114.9
38.6
742.6
184.4
267.7
154.5
130.6
476.8
202.7
53.0
221.1
267.2
91.8
109.8
738.2
71.4
108.2
303.8
139.3
293.0
106.0
221.5
115.4
38.7
743.6
184.6
268.6
154.0
130.9
478.9
203.3
53.0
222.6
266.9
91.9
109.7
741.6
71.4
109.6
304.8
139.0
294.3
105.2
231.7
121.4
41.1
720.1
184.0
238.4
162.3
133.9
494.7
214.8
51.8
228.1
273.4
93.9
111.3
743.2
73.5
110.4
308.4
137.7
302.5
108.0
230.7
121.8
40.4
720.4
184.2
237.8
163.3
134.1
497.6
215.5
52.3
229.8
274.1
94.0
111.6
744.7
73.4
111.3
308.2
137.8
302.6
108.0
51
511
5112
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
515
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191
2,579
241.8
131.7
203.7
207.4
853.6
271.6
61.0
94.6
114.0
140.2
175.6
72.7
102.9
145.1
94.0
51.1
497.1
154.2
2,590
243.1
132.6
204.0
209.1
856.2
272.7
61.3
94.3
113.6
139.8
175.9
73.0
102.9
145.4
94.3
51.1
503.0
159.5
2,599
247.8
135.6
204.6
203.9
870.2
275.9
61.4
91.6
114.5
135.5
180.1
74.9
105.2
148.1
96.6
51.5
494.2
157.2
2,601
253.2
140.0
204.3
202.9
869.2
275.9
61.8
91.2
112.8
134.0
181.2
75.4
105.8
147.6
96.5
51.1
496.2
158.3
Mar.
1994P
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
2,615
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
19,139 19,173 19,604 19,486 19,619
Retail trade
736.3
419.9
65.9
154.7
70.4
752.1
425.7
66.0
155.3
79.5
766.4
445.8
66.4
156.7
69.3
766.4
444.4
66.0
155.7
71.5
_
_
_
-
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
179.0
_
187.8
_
186.7
_
234.8
-
600.7
_
_
126.7
104.1
371.9
_
_
_
213.1
_
_
584.4
_
_
236.2
-
581.9
_
134.0
107.3
385.3
_
220.2
_
585.1
_
_
_
_
244.4
-
581.6
_
_
134.7
107.8
387.2
_
_
220.5
_
_
587.3
_
_
_
_
244.1
-
2,105
196.0
_
169.2
164.2
715.7
_
_
92.4
106.1
140.8
_
_
118.3
_
401.8
-
2,114
197.2
_
170.0
166.1
717.2
_
_
91.9
105.9
141.5
_
_
118.5
_
_
405.8
-
2,117
202.8
_
168.6
160.7
727.9
_
_
_
92.8
101.2
145.3
_
_
120.4
_
_
397.4
-
2,122
207.9
_
168.4
159.3
727.8
_
91.5
100.6
146.5
_
_
119.7
_
_
399.8
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
16,833
16,859
17,211
17,083
17,198
603.2
351.4
50.6
125.9
55.1
617.6
356.6
50.7
126.2
63.8
627.3
371.9
51.3
128.4
53.6
627.6
370.9
51.1
127.4
55.5
_
_
_
_
-
178.0
_
_
599.2
_
_
127.2
103.7
370.1
_
_
_
212.8
_
_
580.9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
52
521
523
525
526
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores
53
531
533
539
2,331.4 2,298.6 2,373.7 2,281.7 2,274.1 2,177.9 2,147.3 2,218.1 2,127.4
1,856 4 1,828.0 1,899.4 1 822.4
1,970.2 1,939.6 2,016.1 1,938.5
_
136.9
130.9
140.3
140.0
152.7
146.7
155.5
155.5
174.1
181.2
179.3
181.8
205.7 203.5 204.9
196.5
-
_
_
_
-
Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat and fish markets
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries
54
541
542
545
546
3,162.6 3,156.1 3,205.7 3,198.5 3,203.5 2,882.5 2,877.6 2,918.0 2,911.0
2,588.3 2,584.7 2,609.2 2,603.0
2,823.2 2,818.0 2,847.5 2,840.5
_
54.4
55.2
50.7
51.4
_
_
_
_
17.5
15.5
15.8
15.2
151.4
152.1
148.6
171.1
147.6
170.0
165.2
166.3
-
_
-
Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
55
551
1,980.0 1,991 7 2,052.8 2,065.8 ? 082.7 1,642.7 1,651.9 1,702.4 1,712.9
773.4
768.9
739.7
741.6
929.5
924.3
889.4 892.0
See footnotes at end of table.
72
-
-
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Retail trade—Continued
Automotive dealers and service stations—Continued
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee
1987
SIC
Code
553
554
559
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1993
337.1
605.4
7.0
Mar.
1993
341.9
605.3
7.0
Jan.
1994
355.1
611.4
5.8
Feb.
1994P
355.9
614.5
5.8
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores
57
571
5712
572
573
5731
5735
Eating and drinking places
58
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods
Nonstore retailers
Catalog and mail-order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Florists, tobacco stores, and newsstands
59
2,468.5 2,429.6 2,511.7 2,496.6
591
603.4 602.3 612.5 607.1
112.9
112.7
592
111.4
111.5
84.4
593
81.2
84.0
80.7
594
824.0 811.1 870.3 842.0
171.3
5941
151.7
176.5
152.9
91.0
96.7
5942
94.4
99.6
72.0
73.7
74.3
5943
73.1
133.9
144.0
140.8
5944
138.2
166.3
170.9
164.6
5947
168.4
5949
63.1
63.3
60.6
57.3
294.1 290.8 267.0 264.5
596
165.7
161.8
142.9
140.7
5961
77.9
5962
77.7
77.0
77.0
100.8
102.7
103.9
104.2
598
452.1 432.0 461.1 481.7
599
146.6
167.0
154.5
177.3
5992,3,4
Finance, insurance, and real estate3
Finance
1,113.2 1,108.6 1,136.3 1,094.8 1,096.1
86.3
87.6
89.9
87.9
351.7
369.6 369.0 367.8
295.8 294.3 314.1 301.1
199.2 201.6
197.5
200.6
826.8
449.9
273.5
74.4
302.5
123.7
67.6
828.2
452.9
275.7
73.7
301.6
124.2
66.7
868.2
477.4
290.2
71.2
319.6
137.7
68.0
865.4
478.2
291.3
70.1
317.1
136.4
66.8
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
265.4
520.7
5.8
269.1
520.6
5.8
281.1
524.5
4.9
281.2
527.2
4.9
917.8
70.9
302.1
254.8
158.3
910.7
70.4
300.7
252.8
156.5
929.1
72.4
295.7
268.5
158.4
889.3
68.9
280.8
256.4
154.2
670.9
364.8
671.4
367.5
707.2
389.2
703.0
389.2
60.5
245.6
100.9
54.9
59.9
244.0
101.1
53.9
58.0
260.0
112.9
54.6
56.5
257.3
111.6
53.5
Mar.
1994P
6,520.0 6,607.9 6,689.2 6,717.1 6,839.0 5,886.5 5,967.2 6,019.7 6,038.3
2,051.8 2,015.0 2,089.6 2,073.8
510.9 506.8
504.8 504.5
6,520
6,533
6,602
6,607
6,633
3,173
3,179
3,256
3,266
3,279
67.2
679.7
67.7
666.5
69.8
730.3
70.2
700.9
251.3
248.7
226.1
223.4
85.2
373.8
84.1
354.2
86.4
375.0
86.6
395.2
4,718
4,731
4,799
4,804
4,827
2,101.6 2,103.0 2,122.0 2,120.7 2,127.1 1,519.7 1,521.2 1,533.3 1,532.7
1,054.6 1,056.3 1,062.2 1,063.1
1,481.2 1,483.0 1,494.5 1,495.2
432.1
432.8 443.8 443.5
605.0 606.1
619.6 619.4
622.5 623.5 618.4 619.6
876.2 876.9 874.9 875.8
355.5
357.0 356.7
357.7
191.1
192.0
191.3
191.0
164.4
165.0
165.4
166.7
147.3
142.3
142.7
147.5
117.2
117.1
112.6
112.9
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee
Savings institutions
Federal savings institutions
Savings institutions, except federal
Credit unions
60
602
6022
6021,9
603
6035
6036
606
Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers
61
614
615
616
400.5
125.1
80.2
178.4
401.3
124.6
80.0
179.9
428.1
122.8
79.7
208.0
433.9
125.5
79.9
210.7
Security and commodity brokers
Security brokers and dealers
Commodity contracts brokers, dealers, and
exchanges
Security and commodity services
62
621
448.7
343.6
451.1
345.4
479.5
370.9
482.6
373.6
22.7
82.4
22.7
83.0
23.2
85.4
23.5
85.5
Holding and other investment offices
Holding offices
67
671
222.1
99.1
223.5
99.3
226.4
98.0
229.2
98.3
622,3
628
Mar.
1994P
301.7
93.9
302.0
93.2
322.0
89.8
324.1
91.9
52.8
53.4
55.9
55.7
See footnotes at end of table.
73
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Insurance
1987
SIC
Code
63,64
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1993
2,108
Mar.
1993
2,109
Jan.
1994
2,103
Feb.
1994P
2,101
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
Title insurance
63
631
632
6324
633
636
Insurance agents, brokers, and service
64
646.6
647.6
642.0
641.2
65
651
653
655
1,239
538.4
564.7
104.0
1,245
541.1
567.5
104.5
1,243
535.9
568.9
102.3
1,240
532.2
570.1
102.1
Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
2,101
1,000.8 1,002.6 1,023.2 1,025.6
329.5 330.8
324.6 324.4
219.9 220.5 224.9 224.6
179.4
179.6
175.0
174.5
355.8 356.4
356.8 358.0
1,461.2 1,461.1 1,461.4 1,459.9
524.3 523.6 511.4 510.9
269.5 276.3 276.2
269.1
215.5
208.5 208.9 215.7
545.7 545.7 537.2 536.0
64.4
77.5
77.8
64.2
1,253
29,386 29,612 30,154 30,453 30,813 25,642 25,849 26,277 26,565 26,897
Services
Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services
07
074
078
Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels and motels
70
701
1,490.8 1,503.9 1,507.7 1,510.9 1,538.2
1,451.3 1,461.7 1,466.7 1,468.5
1,276.8 1,286.2 1,283.5 1,286.8
Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
Miscellaneous personal services
72
721
722
723
726
729
1,136.2 1,136.1 1,130.1 1,135.5 1,137.2
411.1 412.8 421.2 417.7
66.8
74.2
73.7
67.6
383.2 382.7 377.8
376.0
85.3
89.0
89.0
86.2
169.9
149.3
160.8
166.8
Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Heavy construction equipment rental
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Prepackaged software
Computer integrated systems design
Data processing and preparation
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
Photofinishing laboratories
73
731
7311
732
733
7334
734
735
7353
736
7361
7363
737
7371
7372
7373
7374
7375
7378
738
7381
7382
7384
5,424.8
222.7
150.7
116.1
235.0
52.2
801.6
201.4
37.9
1,727.6
234.0
1,493.6
865.7
176.9
138.6
107.4
212.9
47.7
42.5
1,254.7
469.3
38.4
70.8
5,497.7
223.9
151.4
116.2
235.1
51.8
807.7
203.1
38.5
1,797.4
246.1
1,551.3
867.5
177.6
139.6
108.2
211.6
48.6
42.5
1,246.8
468.2
38.4
71.3
5,837.7
227.5
152.8
114.2
255.5
55.1
827.4
215.9
40.5
2,030.2
283.9
1,746.3
916.5
188.3
148.5
114.6
221.2
52.5
41.6
1,250.5
477.2
37.2
72.1
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
895.4
158.3
98.2
57.4
504.3
175.4
209.8
902.5
159.9
99.4
57.1
507.2
177.4
211.2
956.6
175.9
109.7
58.6
537.8
187.8
224.3
See footnotes at end of table.
74
Mar.
1994 P
421.3
137.6
243.1
443.4
137.9
264.7
452.3
141.1
270.5
440.7
140.4
259.6
466.1
343.0
114.6
195.5
362.9
114.6
215.1
370.2
117.5
219.5
359.1
116.6
209.5
362.5
363.5
370.9
367.6
342.9
342.3
338.5
337.1
153.1
149.3
130.5
140.7
5,876.9 5,986.0 4,796.8 4,864.7 5,178.2 5,215.5
160.3
161.5
168.3
229.9
166.1
154.6
114.6
257.2
42.7
55.7
42.3
44.9
45.3
719.0 724.7
741.3 746.7
833.3
160.0
162.1
171.5
171.2
215.8
31.4
33.8
32.2
34.0
40.9
2,048.0 2,132.4
290.8
1,445.0 1,499.8 1,690.1 1,700.4
1,757.2
702.1
703.7
744.5 750.5
923.6
145.9
159.6
146.5
160.3
190.1
149.1
81.9
82.4
85.1
115.7
86.0
223.7
38.2
40.5
40.7
52.8
39.3
36.2
36.1
34.3
34.7
42.0
1,104.9 1,095.8 1,095.1 1,100.4
1,254.5
438.3
437.1 445.2 448.3
480.2
32.8
31.7
37.1
32.7
31.7
69.9
970.1
180.1
112.6
57.8
542.1
188.9
226.8
987.3
735.6
126.0
78.4
51.1
407.5
143.8
170.2
741.7
127.8
79.9
50.7
410.0
145.4
171.6
784.9
141.8
89.1
52.2
434.2
154.4
181.5
796.3
145.7
92.1
51.4
437.2
155.0
183.5
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
1987
SIC
Code
Industry
Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking—Continued
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
754
7542
175.4
103.9
178.3
105.6
184.3
106.3
190.1
110.9
Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops
76
762
345.2
110.3
347.4
111.1
361.0
116.1
362.7
115.7
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters
78
781
783
417.3
174.5
102.0
414.8
170.6
102.6
422.5
169.0
106.7
427.1
176.3
103.6
Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
151.0
91.7
153.2
93.0
156.7
93.2
162.0
97.5
364.8
280.5
282.2
291.5
293.2
433.1
343.6
139.2
342.4
136.7
348.7
134.7
353.4
142.6
79
793
799
7991
7997
1,053.6 1,079.0 1,016.0 1,044.6 1,094.5
911.5
85.0
606.2
108.9
196.3
934.4
84.3
624.3
107.9
201.0
874.6
83.1
577.6
108.0
185.6
900.8
83.4
599.3
109.3
190.2
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners
Offices and clinics of chiropractors and optometrists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Home health care services
80
801
802
804
8041,2
8,737.4 8,766.7 8,999.3 9,015.0 9,059.7 7,755.4 7,783.4 7,970.4
1,517.7 1,524.4 1,573.9 1,575.1
1,240.9 1,248.1 1,285.5
552.0 553.6 574.8
576.7
503.6
483.0 484.5
342.2 345.3 363.2 366.5
280.1 283.0 299.1
152.3
153.1 158.7 159.5
1,582.9 1,589.1 1,651.1 1,655.1
1,429.8 1,435.1 1,487.0
1,127.2 1,131.4 1,176.5 1,181.2
225.7 227.0 235.3 236.0
203.2 204.5 211.1
230.0 230.7 239.3 237.9
3,806.7 3,807.6 3,815.6 3,811.7 3,816.4 3,492.8 3,493.0 3,490.3
3,500.2 3,500.5 3,512.5 3,508.7
102.6 102.7
97.4
97.5
203.9 204.4 205.6 205.6
188.0
189.2 196.6 196.2
442.9 450.7 506.1 515.0
408.9 417.2 468.4
7,985.7
1,285.6
505.5
301.8
Legal services
81
Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Vocational schools
82
821
822
824
1,830.9 1,841.5 1,738.6 1,873.3 1,896.7
487.8 489.6 498.3 504.3
1,132.7 1,139.2 1,035.4 1,157.3
77.3
78.3
77.6
75.1
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee
83
832
833
835
836
839
2,025.4 2,044.0 2,104.0 2,122.5 2,142.0 1,752.1 1,768.4 1,817.5 1,834.3
542.1 546.9 560.0 563.5
470.4 474.1 484.6 488.1
280.4 284.0 289.7
291.9
234.8 238.5 242.4 244.9
468.9 474.7 483.6 489.5
415.1 420.8 426.6 431.7
556.1 559.8 588.4
593.1
486.2 488.9
513.3
516.9
177.9
184.5
145.6 146.1
178.6
182.3
150.6
152.7
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens
84
Membership organizations
Business associations
Professional organizations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations
86
861
862
863
864
1,936.0 1,938.8 1,937.2 1,951.5 1,965.3
102.5
104.3
102.8
104.4
52.8
52.7
53.2
53.7
133.7
134.4
128.5
130.9
416.1 417.4 418.0 429.3
87
871
2,499.5 2,520.2 2,509.9 2,540.3 2,557.7 1,904.3 1,923.5 1,915.3 1,941.6
751.1 760.4 760.2 761.4
613.3 621.1 624.5 623.8
592.8 600.0 594.2 595.7
488.1 494.1
493.2 492.8
113.0
114.2 116.4 116.4
88.0
89.0
90.0
90.1
45.3
46.2
49.6
49.3
37.2
38.0
41.3
40.9
520.9 522.7 501.7
518.1
381.6 383.5
362.6 378.5
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping
...,
805
8051
8052
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808
8711
8712
8713
872
94.6
697.9
122.2
230.1
919.9
67.8
94.0
718.9
92.9
667.4
691.5
121.0
235.6
119.8
219.9
121.8
224.5
922.4
69.0
927.4
70.5
93.8
928.2
70.6
927.5
741.6
743.6
744.2
Mar.
1994P
1,490.4
211.7
3,488.8
476.2
744.3
73.3
37.6
37.6
37.4
38.2
See footnotes at end of table.
75
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Services—Continued
Engineering and management services—Continued
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Public relations services
Services, nee
1987
SIC
Code
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8743
89
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
4
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
418.8
165.9
422.2
165.2
21.7
417.6
160.9
81.4
110.3
501.3
22.2
80.4
108.5
509.4
23.9
82.3
110.7
517.1
23.5
32.9
33.1
32.1
32.1
555.5
230.9
101.3
141.6
672.0
30.6
557.6
231.0
102.4
142.7
679.5
31.1
553.8
229.7
103.1
140.4
694.2
33.2
557.2
228.3
105.5
143.0
703.6
33.1
414.9
160.6
41.9
42.1
40.7
40.5
2,928
Federal Government
4
80.2
109.7
494.5
Mar.
1994P
Federal Government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Ship building and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals
2,926
2,877
2,874
2,874
2,862.4 2,860.0 2,812.8
895.7 890.5 838.5
776.4 777.2 808.3
1,190.3 1,192.3 1,166.0
Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial
38.1
27.7
38.3
27.7
36.8
27.6
3731
98.8
56.6
98.3
56.4
85.3
47.8
84.6
47.1
806
33.5
394.3
238.4
33.5
394.0
238.1
32.2
394.2
239.3
32.1
393.4
238.9
State government
806
Hospitals
82
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions
4,537 4,563 4,427 4,589
417.9 417.6 413.4 412.7
1,926.6 1,947.6 1,797.1 1,949.8
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
806
Hospitals
82
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions
,
11,599 11,681 11,583 11,759 11,860
444.7 445.3 444.6 448.5
684.5 686.5 702.4 702.6
6,630.3 6,686.9 6,561.2 6,717.6
4,616
1,718.6 1,724.2 1,744.9 1,753.4
3,466.6 3,484.1 3,503.8 3,515.9
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to
civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and
Mar.
1993
19,064 19,170 18,887 19,222 19,350
Government
76
Feb.
1993
the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are subject to
revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-13. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Dec.
1992
Jan.
1993
Nov.
1993
Dec.
1993
Jan.
1994
53,438
52,429
54,299
54,497
53,316
43,068
42,243
43,744
43,965
42,989
6,488
6,425
6,435
6,399
6,332
89
89
86
86
85
502
494
517
514
504
5,897
5,842
5,832
5,799
5,743
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
2,699
111
145
102
91
291
418
641
362
373
164
2,683
109
145
101
91
288
419
640
360
370
160
2,660
115
148
102
91
290
410
642
344
353
166
2,653
115
148
100
91
290
410
642
344
352
162
2,639
113
148
100
91
289
410
638
342
350
158
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
3,198
528
17
320
774
167
668
336
25
298
65
3,159
514
17
317
764
165
664
334
24
296
63
3,172
538
16
315
744
165
670
334
24
301
65
3,146
525
16
313
732
164
673
335
25
300
64
3,104
508
15
311
720
162
669
331
24
300
63
46,950
46,004
47,864
48,098
46,984
Transportation and public utilities
1,688
1,672
1,695
1,692
1,674
Wholesale trade
1,869
1,855
1,891
1,889
1,871
10,704
10,181
10,702
10,931
10,336
4,164
4,149
4,204
4,219
4,198
Services
18,155
17,961
18,817
18,835
18,578
Government
Federal
State
Local
10,370
1,228
2,257
6,885
10,186
1,212
2,203
6,771
10,555
1,198
2,308
7,049
10,532
1,214
2,294
7,024
10,327
1,196
2,217
6,914
Industry
Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are subject to
revision.
77
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Total
Construction
Mining
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
1,688.7
410.2
164.0
190.3
141.2
67.7
1,709.4
419.5
161.1
197.1
142.9
68.6
1,717.5
420.7
161.3
198.2
143.3
70.1
238.2
112.0
238.6
114.7
245.0
114.7
9.6
3.4
1,547.6
1,038.7
272.8
1,590.2
1,066.9
280.5
1,611.4
1,080.3
283.9
12.4
4.5
2.3
969.9
111.2
84.1
266.7
34.5
984.2
117.3
86.2
270.5
34.6
992.9
118.6
85.9
271.3
34.6
11,968.6
168.3
248.0
3,726.0
116.6
868.2
1,108.0
730.7
548.6
106.5
940.1
901.6
787.9
142.7
141.9
152.4
138.6
224.5
11,839.5
169.2
250.5
3,668.7
117.9
853.7
1,101.3
733.5
552.1
105.1
930.1
898.8
776.2
140.9
143.6
152.6
137.3
220.9
11,881.6
170.5
250.6
3,678.6
118.5
857.1
1,106.9
740.4
552.0
105.1
929.2
900.0
778.3
141.1
144.4
152.0
137.7
222.5
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
1,627.0
130.8
879.2
1,674.1
134.5
900.8
1,689.5
135.9
906.9
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
1,515.1
173.1
577.9
233.8
178.6
78.4
1,512.0
172.0
575.2
233.9
182.4
80.1
1,510.5
170.6
575.7
232.7
181.8
78.9
Delaware
Wilmington-Newark
337.5
263.3
344.2
267.1
342.4
266.3
.1
.2
District of Columbia
Washington PMSA
667.2
2,287.4
658.8
2,279.5
658.0
2,281.3
.1
.7
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melboume-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ...
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
5,508.1
137.0
535.1
131.6
99.3
428.8
152.0
166.6
880.3
635.0
134.4
206.0
132.4
887.4
369.1
5,658.8
137.2
556.4
135.9
101.3
441.7
154.4
167.2
908.9
660.9
137.0
209.7
133.1
909.8
377.3
5,714.3
141.2
561.3
137.9
103.3
444.1
155.7
169.2
913.9
667.5
137.5
212.7
135.1
918.7
380.6
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
See footnotes at end of table.
78
Feb.
1994P
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1993
10.6
2.9
01
()
C)
2.6
75.7
20.7
5.5
13.6
6.5
4.0
9.2
3.1
9.4
3.2
8.0
4.3
9.1
4.9
9.7
4.9
12.0
4.3
2.1
12.0
4.3
2.1
78.9
53.8
14.0
95.2
65.3
16.9
97.6
67.0
17.3
3.4
34.4
3.8
2.7
10.7
.9
34.7
4.4
3.1
10.6
.9
35.4
4.3
3.2
10.6
.8
425.0
8.2
12.7
94.7
6.8
38.2
41.5
36.1
24.4
3.5
38.7
25.3
25.8
5.1
7.8
5.7
8.8
8.3
423.9
8.5
12.4
96.5
6.6
37.7
42.2
36.9
24.1
3.3
37.3
25.3
25.2
5.0
7.8
5.5
8.2
8.6
0
2.6
.8
V)
V)
(1)
.9
(1)
(1)
0
10.8
3.0
()
1
3.4
(1)
(1)
Feb.
1994P
74.6
20.4
5.5
13.5
6.5
3.9
3.4
(1)
Jan.
1994
72.7
19.2
5.4
12.7
6.3
3.5
11.0
3.1
()
1
()
1
2.6
Feb.
1993
Feb.
1994P
.9
(1)
0
3.1
.9
1.2
.4
.3
.4
.6
.2
1.0
.5
.1
.4
2.2
3.1
.8
1.3
.5
.3
.5
.6
.2
1.0
.6
.1
.4
2.2
3.1
.8
1.3
.4
.3
.5
.6
.2
1.0
.6
.1
.4
2.2
418.7
8.2
11.7
97.0
6.0
38.3
41.6
35.0
22.1
3.4
37.7
24.6
25.0
4.8
6.7
5.4
7.8
8.7
15.9
(1)
8.6
15.5
(1)
8.2
15.4
(1)
8.2
71.7
4.5
39.7
79.2
5.0
42.5
77.2
4.6
41.5
.9
42.0
4.6
16.1
7.2
4.5
2.2
41.6
4.4
16.4
7.7
4.4
2.1
40.6
4.3
15.9
7.3
4.3
2.0
.1
.2
.1
.2
16.2
12.3
16.5
12.6
15.6
12.1
.1
.7
.1
.7
8.0
97.4
8.1
95.5
8.1
93.6
6.1
279.1
6.9
29.9
10.5
3.5
22.8
6.8
8.1
38.1
31.9
8.3
9.4
5.2
39.9
19.2
292.1
7.5
31.8
11.2
3.4
24.0
7.0
8.2
38.7
34.6
9.4
9.5
5.0
40.3
20.8
292.3
7.5
31.8
11.4
3.4
24.4
7.1
8.2
38.8
34.9
9.3
9.6
5.2
40.2
20.9
33.8
11.0
.7
7.4
(2)
(2)
(2)
.8
.8
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
o
(2)
(2)
<*)
V)
V)
6.1
6.6
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
/2\
l2\
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
2.6
2.6
3.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
.2
.2
.2
(2)
32.7
10.5
.6
7.2
33.1
10.6
.7
7.2
.4
.4
.4
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
()
(2)
.4
.4
.4
2
2
()
0
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994?
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994?
381.2
50.8
38.5
27.8
17.0
10.2
378.8
51.4
36.6
27.5
17.6
10.3
379.2
51.6
36.8
27.6
17.5
10.5
83.0
29.4
3.1
10.9
5.8
2.2
84.3
29.6
3.1
11.0
5.9
2.2
84.4
29.4
3.2
11.0
5.9
2.2
365.5
98.9
29.6
48.3
31.5
14.2
377.1
102.4
30.4
50.7
32.3
15.1
377.0
102.6
30.2
50.7
32.3
15.0
16.3
1.6
11.0
1.6
15.7
1.5
21.3
11.8
21.4
11.8
21.5
11.9
44.2
24.7
47.1
26.0
46.5
25.5
172.5
133.0
23.5
175.7
133.9
25.6
175.4
133.6
25.7
76.6
53.7
11.1
77.5
54.7
11.1
77.1
54.4
11.1
379.3
253.8
63.7
390.9
262.3
64.5
392.2
263.2
64.9
239.0
30.9
25.1
33.2
7.1
245.2
33.0
25.8
33.3
7.3
244.7
33.3
25.5
33.0
7.3
55.5
7.5
4.9
17.2
2.1
55.6
8.0
5.0
17.4
2.0
55.6
8.0
5.1
17.5
1.9
211.8
28.8
16.7
61.5
7.1
216.9
30.5
17.6
63.0
7.1
217.9
30.5
17.4
63.0
7.1
1,822.2
10.0
27.9
680.9
21.8
104.5
209.8
86.2
35.8
8.3
119.6
75.2
233.0
18.5
20.2
21.3
13.3
30.8
1,748.5
10.2
28.5
648.5
20.9
99.9
203.7
84.0
36.7
8.8
112.7
73.9
225.0
17.6
20.2
20.7
13.4
29.3
1,749.1
10.3
28.6
650.0
21.5
99.4
203.7
84.3
36.1
8.6
112.1
74.1
223.7
17.8
20.2
20.6
13.8
29.3
598.0
8.3
12.4
197.7
5.4
55.0
36.2
36.8
23.4
5.0
35.3
76.3
22.6
4.8
5.8
9.3
5.5
10.2
594.4
8.2
12.4
196.4
5.6
54.7
37.2
37.0
23.9
5.0
35.4
74.7
22.3
4.8
5.8
9.6
5.5
10.2
593.8
8.2
12.3
196.0
5.6
54.3
37.7
37.2
23.8
5.0
35.6
74.5
22.4
4.5
5.9
9.4
5.5
10.2
2,771.5
40.0
61.6
818.1
30.4
202.7
274.7
192.6
122.3
27.7
221.5
189.5
155.9
33.1
35.7
37.6
35.1
53.4
2,756.3
40.5
61.3
808.3
30.8
203.3
271.9
194.1
124.6
27.7
217.5
187.7
154.5
34.2
35.9
37.9
34.9
52.9
2,745.4
40.4
60.7
801.3
30.6
202.2
270.3
194.1
123.2
27.6
216.0
186.6
153.9
34.1
35.9
37.9
34.7
51.9
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
186.9
29.2
90.0
188.5
29.6
88.2
187.9
29.7
88.2
101.6
3.2
71.9
103.8
3.5
73.0
104.2
3.5
73.3
390.2
27.2
211.6
410.5
28.0
222.5
411.1
28.5
222.9
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
297.4
44.3
101.9
41.8
30.3
17.3
288.2
42.6
96.5
42.1
29.1
17.4
285.6
42.4
95.1
41.6
28.9
17.3
68.3
7.1
23.9
15.9
8.1
3.4
69.2
7.1
24.2
16.0
8.5
3.4
68.7
7.0
24.1
15.6
8.6
3.4
323.4
38.1
118.7
48.1
41.4
15.7
324.6
37.6
118.9
47.2
42.6
16.6
319.1
36.9
118.4
46.4
42.2
15.9
Delaware
Wilmington-Newark
65.8
51.1
63.9
48.8
62.9
48.6
14.4
12.7
14.8
13.1
14.9
13.2
71.9
53.1
74.7
54.4
73.9
53.4
District of Columbia
Washington PMSA
13.9
92.0
14.0
93.7
14.0
93.8
21.5
104.1
20.5
104.1
20.6
103.6
52.0
426.1
50.7
429.2
50.3
424.2
485.5
12.9
39.4
5.5
5.2
34.2
20.6
28.9
82.1
51.9
11.2
17.4
4.7
86.6
31.9
482.0
13.1
40.3
5.5
5.1
34.5
19.7
28.3
81.1
52.2
11.3
18.2
4.5
87.5
30.6
481.7
13.0
40.5
5.4
5.1
34.3
19.6
28.5
81.7
52.3
11.3
18.2
4.4
87.8
30.3
282.5
3.9
25.5
5.7
1.8
31.8
7.8
4.6
70.6
36.5
6.0
5.3
3.2
40.9
14.5
283.7
3.8
26.2
5.8
1.9
31.8
7.9
4.7
73.2
37.4
5.7
5.2
3.2
41.7
14.1
284.6
3.7
26.1
5.8
1.9
32.2
7.9
4.8
73.3
37.2
5.8
5.2
3.1
42.0
14.0
1,444.4
38.6
155.2
37.4
20.3
111.0
42.0
36.9
231.6
158.8
32.2
51.9
27.6
230.8
100.8
1,468.2
38.7
159.9
38.7
20.6
114.3
43.4
37.7
236.8
161.9
33.3
51.6
29.4
230.0
103.0
1,483.6
40.0
161.3
39.5
21.2
114.3
43.8
38.4
237.4
163.3
33.3
52.1
29.7
232.1
103.4
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
....
Ventura
....
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melboume-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ....
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
See footnotes at end of table.
79
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
74.5
29.5
4.4
8.1
8.2
2.2
76.6
31.1
4.5
8.4
8.4
2.3
76.5
31.1
4.5
8.4
8.3
2.3
357.4
112.1
42.8
49.9
35.1
10.7
362.4
114.0
40.9
52.8
35.4
10.2
366.9
114.6
41.1
53.8
35.7
10.9
343.8
67.4
40.2
32.6
37.3
22.1
344.6
67.5
40.1
33.2
36.8
22.0
347.0
67.7
40.0
33.1
37.1
22.6
Alaska
Anchorage
10.6
6.5
11.2
6.9
11.1
6.8
53.7
30.3
54.6
30.7
55.3
31.0
74.5
29.4
75.0
29.7
75.8
29.9
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
97.6
78.5
11.9
100.8
80.5
12.5
100.9
80.8
12.4
437.2
301.2
81.4
453.2
310.8
83.2
458.6
315.3
83.5
293.1
160.2
64.9
284.9
155.1
64.6
297.6
161.7
66.9
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
39.1
3.8
2.7
15.9
1.4
40.6
4.2
2.9
16.5
1.3
40.6
4.2
2.8
16.5
1.3
213.7
20.4
21.6
73.5
7.6
218.1
21.6
21.6
74.9
7.9
221.6
21.6
21.6
75.5
7.9
173.0
16.0
9.6
54.7
8.3
169.7
15.6
9.3
54.8
8.1
173.7
16.7
9.4
55.2
8.3
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
785.2
5.8
13.8
250.1
4.9
58.2
92.9
31.7
39.6
6.6
61.3
100.6
31.2
7.4
9.9
8.8
5.4
12.1
778.1
5.8
14.2
245.6
4.7
58.2
90.3
31.7
40.6
6.4
59.5
100.5
30.8
7.1
9.9
8.5
5.3
12.3
777.8
5.8
14.2
245.0
4.8
58.1
90.6
31.8
40.9
6.4
59.4
100.5
30.9
7.1
9.9
8.5
5.3
12.3
3,435.0
39.5
60.3
1,137.6
27.2
233.8
322.5
190.2
142.2
27.7
283.5
303.6
232.0
43.1
37.6
34.9
34.6
63.0
3,424.5
39.7
60.6
1,136.2
27.5
230.8
327.2
191.7
143.0
27.4
284.5
307.9
230.7
41.9
38.4
35.5
34.8
63.0
3,457.5
40.2
60.9
1,147.1
27.8
234.5
330.4
194.4
143.5
27.7
285.9
309.2
234.1
42.1
38.7
35.2
35.3
63.7
2,104.2
45.5
59.6
537.2
20.9
172.6
129.4
157.0
162.8
27.5
180.8
131.2
88.0
30.0
25.5
35.0
36.5
44.1
2,079.6
46.0
60.1
531.8
21.6
165.5
128.7
157.6
158.4
26.0
181.3
128.2
86.9
29.2
25.0
34.6
34.2
42.7
2,101.4
46.6
60.9
535.5
21.6
167.8
131.2
160.4
160.0
26.2
182.4
129.2
87.9
29.5
25.4
34.8
34.5
44.3
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
103.2
4.7
68.5
108.5
5.3
71.6
108.8
5.2
72.1
457.7
36.8
248.3
475.3
38.7
257.3
480.2
38.6
259.4
299.8
25.2
140.6
292.8
24.4
137.5
304.7
25.8
141.3
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
139.3
10.5
80.4
15.0
19.1
4.1
137.6
10.9
78.8
14.8
19.8
4.3
136.5
10.8
78.1
14.8
19.8
4.2
433.8
50.1
148.8
73.7
58.6
23.6
444.6
51.0
155.4
75.4
61.3
23.4
448.3
50.7
155.7
76.3
61.0
23.2
210.1
18.4
88.1
32.1
16.6
12.1
205.4
18.4
85.0
30.7
16.7
12.9
210.8
18.5
88.4
30.7
17.0
12.9
Delaware
Wilmington-Newark
33.3
28.8
35.8
30.9
35.9
31.0
86.2
69.7
89.4
72.0
89.6
72.2
49.6
35.4
49.0
35.1
49.5
35.6
District of Columbia
Washington PMSA
32.2
132.8
29.8
129.0
30.2
130.8
253.5
795.6
252.1
799.7
253.8
803.8
286.0
638.7
283.5
627.6
280.9
630.8
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater...
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
353.2
6.2
39.4
8.2
4.3
43.8
7.6
5.2
61.8
37.9
5.3
10.5
5.1
63.3
25.4
361.3
6.0
40.5
8.4
4.4
43.5
7.5
5.6
64.1
38.9
5.1
10.6
5.2
65.1
25.3
363.3
6.0
40.6
8.6
4.4
43.7
7.5
5.6
64.4
39.1
5.0
10.6
5.2
65.5
25.4
1,768.5
43.9
170.2
42.7
27.0
122.5
40.2
57.9
267.6
239.7
40.5
87.6
31.3
301.0
130.2
1,864.2
43.1
180.6
44.2
28.8
129.2
41.5
57.6
282.2
255.5
43.1
90.0
31.0
320.7
136.1
1,891.2
45.4
182.6
45.0
29.1
130.0
42.3
58.3
285.0
259.0
43.3
92.3
31.3
325.1
138.3
888.3
24.6
75.3
21.5
37.2
62.4
23.9
24.9
128.1
77.9
30.6
23.8
55.1
124.5
47.1
901.2
25.0
76.9
22.0
37.1
64.0
24.8
25.0
132.4
80.0
28.8
24.5
54.6
124.1
47.4
911.5
25.6
78.2
22.1
38.2
64.8
24.9
25.3
132.9
81.3
29.2
24.6
56.0
125.6
48.3
See footnotes at end of table.
80
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Constructior
Mining
State and area
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
3,024.1
50.7
60.2
1,586.2
185.4
98.1
129.7
116.4
3,155.8
51.5
62.0
1,663.0
188.5
100.9
134.3
119.6
3,175.1
51.9
61.9
1,678.6
189.0
100.4
134.6
119.6
Hawaii
Honolulu
540.7
417.2
531.8
409.4
535.1
412.6
Idaho
Boise City
417.4
152.4
441.6
162.0
443.3
163.2
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
5,194.9
70.1
91.6
3,619.9
162.2
53.8
37.8
148.5
151.5
104.5
5,275.7
69.9
87.8
3,667.6
163.2
53.1
38.2
149.3
153.8
104.2
5,291.5
71.1
91.4
3,676.7
163.4
53.3
38.1
149.7
152.1
104.7
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
2,549.1
58.2
102.6
137.5
240.0
242.9
711.2
48.4
84.0
56.7
118.6
65.3
2,576.1
59.3
106.0
138.0
242.2
239.9
728.7
49.7
84.5
58.5
119.3
64.3
2,582.4
59.9
105.5
137.6
242.0
241.4
727.5
49.4
84.7
58.2
118.2
63.5
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
1,237.6
96.0
236.3
46.1
56.7
57.9
64.4
1,270.9
101.4
247.5
48.7
60.4
59.8
64.5
1,275.2
101.3
248.1
48.7
59.3
59.8
65.1
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
1,108.2
40.0
91.5
247.8
1,134.2
39.1
93.5
246.9
1,141.8
39.4
94.4
247.5
1.6
1.5
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
1,508.3
233.5
484.7
38.1
1,510.1
236.8
492.2
38.4
1,523.7
242.9
494.6
38.6
27.8
.2
.5
.6
27.6
.2
.6
.4
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
1,627.3
48.4
251.3
58.1
132.1
69.4
61.3
561.4
151.0
1,630.0
49.9
255.5
59.3
135.8
73.6
61.9
569.7
154.2
1,643.8
50.0
258.6
59.4
136.3
73.9
62.8
573.0
154.9
46.0
.1
.8
5.3
11.1
1.4
.3
14.4
3.1
45.2
.1
.9
5.1
11.5
1.3
.3
14.0
2.9
495.1
38.2
119.7
507.7
39.0
124.2
508.6
39.1
125.1
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
Feb.
1993
Feb.
1993
Feb.
1994"
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
(1)
0)
(1)
117.7
2.4
1.7
63.5
10.7
3.7
4.1
5.7
(1)
(11)
()
01
()
32.8
24.4
30.4
23.0
30.0
22.8
0
(2)
(1)
(2)
1.5
.2
0)
(1)
1.1
1.2
1.2
0
1.4
.5
1.4
.5
(1)
(1)
7.6
7.5
7.5
<2)
130.5
2.2
1.7
71.3
10.8
4.1
4.2
5.7
129.4
2.2
1.6
71.9
10.8
3.9
4.2
5.5
2.0
0
(1)
(1)
19.3
8.5
24.2
10.7
23.8
10.5
16.2
(1)
1
()
1.9
(1)
1
()
(1)
(1)
(1)
<1)
15.8
(1)
1
()
1.9
(1)
15.5
(1)
1
()
1.9
170.1
1.8
2.0
119.1
6.5
2.5
1.4
5.7
4.8
3.7
174.2
1.8
2.2
119.9
6.5
2.6
1.4
5.9
5.0
3.5
173.0
1.8
2.1
119.4
6.5
2.5
1.4
5.8
4.9
3.5
103.5
2.5
3.0
7.3
9.1
13.4
33.3
1.1
2.6
1.7
5.3
2.7
106.0
2.4
3.5
7.4
9.6
12.5
32.3
.9
2.8
1.9
6.0
2.4
104.7
2.4
3.4
7.3
9.1
13.2
32.1
.9
2.6
1.7
5.6
2.4
1.9
37.1
4.3
7.8
1.3
1.6
1.9
1.9
41.1
4.8
9.5
1.2
1.6
1.9
1.8
39.7
4.8
9.3
1.2
1.6
1.9
1.8
8.6
1.5
38.0
1.3
2.9
10.2
42.9
1.4
2.9
10.8
42.7
1.3
3.0
10.6
28.5
.2
.6
.4
60.7
10.5
21.5
2.2
61.3
9.7
21.0
2.2
61.7
9.7
21.4
2.1
45.7
.1
.8
5.1
11.6
1.4
.3
14.1
3.0
91.8
2.7
30.0
2.7
6.0
6.0
2.7
24.1
7.1
94.6
3.0
30.5
3.0
6.5
8.0
2.9
25.7
8.8
97.2
2.9
31.1
3.0
6.6
7.9
2.9
25.2
8.8
.1
17.0
1.3
4.9
19.4
1.4
5.0
18.2
1.3
5.0
2.0
2.0
0)
(1)
(11)
()
O
6.5
O
O
(11)
()
0
.7
.4
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.4
0)
(11)
()
(1)
.4
O
(11)
()
1.8
O
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
.1
.1
(2)
(2)
.4
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
8.5
8.6
0
.5
(1)
0
0
0)
(11)
()
(1)
(1)
1.5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1.8
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
1.5
1.6
(1)
5.9
5.9
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0)
0)
(11)
(1)
(1)
()
(2)
(2)
See footnotes at end of table.
81
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities>
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Feb.
1993
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994?
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
548.2
7.6
10.9
193.5
44.5
20.9
17.9
17.3
559.6
7.3
10.8
198.1
43.4
20.6
18.4
17.8
562.5
7.5
10.9
198.2
43.4
20.5
18.7
17.5
198.4
2.7
1.7
135.5
5.3
3.1
5.3
9.9
203.3
3.0
1.7
138.7
5.5
3.4
5.2
9.1
204.2
3.0
1.6
139.3
5.5
3.4
5.3
9.3
743.9
12.4
14.4
422.5
38.3
21.8
29.8
28.0
781.3
12.9
14.6
443.0
38.8
22.5
31.2
29.3
781.3
13.0
14.4
444.0
38.8
22.2
30.8
29.3
Hawaii
Honolulu
19.3
14.1
17.6
13.2
17.9
13.3
41.9
34.7
40.0
32.9
40.0
32.8
132.0
100.1
131.3
99.0
130.4
98.4
Idaho
Boise City
66.8
27.6
70.5
30.2
69.9
30.1
20.3
7.6
20.9
7.5
20.8
7.6
103.7
36.4
111.5
38.2
110.8
38.1
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
924.3
7.0
10.0
631.6
28.5
13.5
6.8
31.0
48.2
4.2
936.6
7.5
10.0
637.1
28.3
12.8
6.9
31.1
49.6
4.2
936.1
7.5
10.2
637.8
28.5
12.9
6.9
31.1
47.8
4.2
304.8
2.9
2.5
221.3
7.8
5.2
1.9
7.7
6.5
5.0
310.5
2.9
2.5
223.8
7.7
5.2
1.9
7.7
6.7
5.1
310.2
2.9
2.5
223.5
7.7
5.2
1.9
7.8
6.7
5.1
1,211.5
15.7
19.3
849.2
45.9
11.8
9.5
35.1
32.1
21.7
1,240.0
15.9
19.6
867.9
46.7
11.9
9.8
35.9
32.7
21.8
1,235.4
16.0
19.4
864.8
46.5
11.9
9.7
35.5
32.5
21.7
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
632.0
8.6
53.3
31.0
67.6
52.4
122.0
20.2
18.9
10.8
21.2
13.0
639.6
8.8
54.7
31.2
68.1
52.6
124.3
20.7
17.7
11.0
21.5
12.7
640.8
8.8
54.0
31.1
67.7
52.4
124.3
20.7
17.6
10.9
21.8
12.6
131.2
1.6
2.9
6.7
14.9
16.9
41.6
1.3
2.3
4.3
5.3
2.8
133.4
1.7
2.6
6.8
15.9
16.5
41.2
1.3
2.3
5.3
5.4
2.7
134.3
1.7
2.8
6.7
15.9
16.6
41.1
1.3
2.3
5.2
5.4
2.7
591.5
13.0
18.3
34.8
56.1
56.9
180.7
9.8
16.2
12.0
29.3
17.9
606.4
14.0
18.9
35.0
56.9
56.3
191.5
10.2
16.4
12.3
29.7
18.6
604.2
14.4
18.8
34.9
56.6
55.7
191.0
9.7
16.3
12.0
29.6
17.6
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
231.5
20.5
24.6
11.9
4.2
11.6
14.5
238.7
21.1
25.3
12.7
4.3
12.2
14.2
239.1
21.1
25.4
12.5
4.4
12.2
14.1
54.9
5.8
11.5
1.8
1.7
3.4
1.7
56.0
5.9
11.7
1.9
1.8
3.5
1.9
56.1
5.9
11.7
2.0
1.8
3.5
1.9
306.7
22.0
61.5
10.5
11.2
14.4
15.3
315.7
23.2
64.4
11.4
11.2
15.3
15.9
314.6
22.9
64.2
11.2
11.4
15.2
15.9
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
182.6
4.5
9.3
59.6
180.6
4.3
9.5
56.1
180.8
4.3
9.5
56.2
63.5
1.1
6.2
11.3
67.8
1.0
6.7
11.3
67.7
1.0
6.8
11.2
267.1
9.5
20.1
56.3
273.5
9.8
20.6
57.1
273.2
9.4
20.7
57.1
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
289.8
38.0
85.8
6.1
291.8
39.7
87.3
6.0
291.8
39.6
87.5
6.0
80.9
8.9
32.1
2.0
81.3
8.7
33.0
2.0
81.3
8.8
32.8
2.1
351.2
52.0
116.0
9.8
356.2
57.2
118.6
10.0
357.0
56.9
119.9
10.0
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
183.3
3.5
23.1
4.7
15.1
11.0
8.1
47.7
20.2
184.9
3.5
22.9
5.1
15.8
10.9
8.1
47.4
20.1
185.1
3.5
22.7
5.2
15.7
11.0
8.2
47.5
20.3
104.4
2.4
11.4
5.5
7.7
4.1
2.9
43.0
8.4
105.0
2.5
11.6
5.7
8.1
4.2
3.3
42.2
8.1
105.4
2.5
11.5
5.6
8.0
4.4
3.3
43.4
8.1
375.2
10.6
54.7
14.7
33.4
15.5
14.7
139.2
35.4
377.8
11.1
56.3
14.5
34.5
16.2
15.4
138.0
36.6
377.7
11.0
57.0
14.5
34.6
16.1
15.4
139.0
36.4
89.0
8.0
13.3
91.3
8.2
13.1
91.7
8.1
13.4
21.3
1.3
5.8
21.1
1.4
21.0
1.4
5.7
119.1
9.6
35.1
125.4
10.3
37.6
122.7
10.1
36.7
Maine
Lewiston-Aubum
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.
82
5.7
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994?
163.2
2.0
1.9
108.8
6.3
6.4
7.7
4.4
166.0
2.1
2.0
108.5
6.6
7.4
8.3
4.3
166.1
2.1
2.0
108.8
6.6
7.4
8.3
4.3
698.4
11.7
10.6
425.8
41.2
21.9
27.8
31.5
747.6
11.9
11.1
461.5
42.6
23.0
29.7
33.5
758.8
11.9
10.9
471.7
42.8
23.1
30.1
33.6
546.8
11.9
19.0
235.1
38.9
20.3
35.9
19.6
560.0
12.1
20.1
240.5
40.3
19.9
36.1
19.9
565.2
12.2
20.5
243.3
40.6
19.9
36.1
20.1
Hawaii
Honolulu
38.3
31.6
39.4
32.2
39.4
32.2
163.0
120.0
163.6
120.9
163.2
120.6
113.4
92.3
109.5
88.2
114.2
92.5
Idaho
Boise City
22.0
10.4
23.2
10.9
23.2
11.0
93.0
34.9
98.8
36.9
99.8
37.3
90.3
27.0
90.5
27.6
93.0
28.6
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
377.1
11.8
3.1
294.2
7.4
2.3
1.6
8.3
6.5
7.9
383.5
12.0
3.1
298.2
7.5
2.3
1.7
8.4
6.7
7.9
383.2
12.0
3.1
298.2
7.4
2.3
1.7
8.4
6.7
7.9
1,409.3
16.2
19.5
1,039.9
40.0
12.8
9.9
43.2
38.1
29.4
1,451.6
16.1
19.3
1,061.6
40.8
12.8
9.9
43.3
37.9
29.2
1,457.5
16.2
19.6
1,067.4
41.0
12.9
9.9
43.6
38.2
29.3
781.6
14.7
35.2
462.7
26.1
5.7
6.7
17.5
15.3
32.6
763.5
13.7
31.1
457.2
25.7
5.5
6.6
17.0
15.2
32.5
780.6
14.7
34.5
463.7
25.8
5.6
6.6
17.5
15.3
33.0
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
125.9
2.0
2.9
5.8
13.1
9.0
54.2
1.4
3.4
1.8
6.4
2.3
127.9
2.0
2.9
5.6
12.8
9.7
54.8
1.4
3.6
1.8
6.1
2.3
127.9
2.1
2.9
5.6
13.0
9.6
55.3
1.4
3.6
1.8
6.2
2.4
560.0
11.0
15.5
36.5
54.2
59.3
169.1
8.1
15.8
12.9
38.2
14.9
560.1
11.7
16.7
36.1
53.8
57.8
175.2
8.1
17.9
13.5
37.6
14.7
559.7
11.7
16.8
36.1
53.7
58.9
173.9
8.2
17.8
13.3
36.4
14.3
398.5
19.5
6.7
13.8
25.0
35.0
109.6
6.5
24.8
13.2
12.9
11.3
396.8
18.7
6.7
14.4
25.1
34.5
109.0
7.1
23.8
12.7
13.0
10.5
404.9
18.8
6.8
14.4
26.0
35.0
109.3
7.2
24.5
13.3
13.2
11.1
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
72.4
5.2
33.5
1.6
1.5
2.6
2.9
74.8
5.4
35.1
1.6
1.7
2.7
2.8
74.7
5.4
35.2
1.6
1.7
2.7
2.8
310.1
27.3
64.6
15.5
11.0
17.3
15.6
318.3
29.0
68.2
15.9
11.8
17.4
15.9
321.6
29.0
68.4
16.2
12.2
17.4
16.0
223.1
10.9
32.8
3.5
25.5
6.7
12.5
224.5
12.0
33.3
4.0
28.0
6.8
12.0
227.5
12.2
33.9
4.0
26.2
6.9
12.6
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
57.2
1.8
6.2
11.0
58.2
1.8
6.2
11.0
58.2
1.8
6.2
11.0
260.9
8.6
23.7
65.6
272.9
8.1
24.7
65.9
274.7
8.3
24.8
66.1
230.3
13.2
23.1
32.2
229.8
12.7
22.9
33.2
235.9
13.3
23.4
33.8
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
62.8
9.5
28.2
1.7
62.6
9.4
28.9
1.7
62.4
9.4
28.8
1.7
355.2
59.8
132.9
9.7
359.1
60.1
134.3
9.4
361.9
61.8
135.2
9.5
279.9
54.6
67.7
6.0
270.2
51.8
88.5
6.7
279.1
56.5
68.4
6.8
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
77.4
2.1
14.4
2.1
5.5
2.7
4.2
29.2
6.8
77.6
2.2
14.8
2.3
5.6
2.5
4.3
29.9
6.6
77.7
2.2
14.8
2.3
5.6
2.6
4.3
29.9
6.7
406.3
13.9
60.7
11.2
31.4
16.7
15.6
164.0
39.0
407.8
14.3
63.2
11.6
32.4
18.1
15.8
170.5
40.0
414.4
14.5
63.5
11.5
32.3
18.1
16.0
171.5
40.4
342.9
13.1
56.2
11.9
21.9
12.0
12.8
99.8
31.0
337.1
13.2
55.3
12.0
21.4
12.4
11.8
102.0
31.1
340.6
13.3
57.2
12.2
21.9
12.4
12.4
102.4
31.2
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
24.9
1.9
11.8
25.7
2.0
12.1
25.6
2.0
12.2
124.9
11.2
32.3
132.1
11.0
34.2
132.7
11.4
34.1
98.8
4.9
16.5
92.6
4.7
16.5
96.6
4.8
18.0
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah
x
See footnotes at end of table.
83
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Constructor l
Mining
State and area
Jan
1994
Feb.
1993
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
2,051.6
1,073.8
409.8
750.2
2,068.6
1,071.2
407.8
758.9
2,072.5
1,069.5
407.1
761.3
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
2,765.2
1,687.1
78.7
47.5
129.9
98.8
58.6
39.1
232.5
202.6
2,845.7
1,745.5
81.8
48.4
131.8
101.0
60.2
39.9
232.7
204.8
2,857.1
1,750.2
81.8
48.1
132.1
100.8
59.8
39.8
234.3
205.9
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
3,908.5
245.5
65.3
1,843.6
165.2
455.0
54.1
193.8
209.3
161.4
3,969.5
244.0
66.6
1,875.3
163.3
465.7
55.4
194.6
213.8
162.6
3,992.7
247.3
66.7
1,882.3
164.2
467.0
55.5
195.6
215.2
162.3
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
2,178.5
97.7
1,412.7
67.4
75.3
2,241.5
98.9
1,451.6
69.2
76.7
2,246.7
99.6
1,455.1
68.9
77.1
973.5
191.7
1,007.4
197.2
1,013.8
199.1
(2)
2,321.0
786.1
1,159.9
133.2
2,375.7
804.5
1,178.4
140.2
2,396.0
810.3
1,186.7
141.2
C)
V)
0
Montana
311.0
322.7
323.8
5.4
5.4
5.4
9.3
11.3
11.1
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
741.2
125.4
335.0
756.5
126.4
342.0
759.0
127.6
342.2
1.2
1.3
1.2
24.7
4.5
11.6
28.4
4.5
14.1
27.5
4.5
13.4
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
643.3
436.4
144.0
690.2
474.9
150.7
694.1
477.4
152.0
1 2.4
1 2.4
1.7
.7
1.7
.7
40.4
32.2
6.1
45.3
34.9
7.5
45.6
35.2
7.5
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
485.0
82.2
77.9
98.3
501.9
85.2
79.6
100.1
505.8
85.5
79.8
102.5
.3
13.5
2.5
2.0
2.1
15.8
3.1
2.0
2.0
15*3
3.0
2.0
1.9
3,416.4
156.6
593.7
421.9
224.4
534.4
318.0
893.6
193.9
54.7
3,453.3
158.0
598.7
428.4
229.7
543.8
321.9
899.7
194.1
54.9
3,448.1
158.3
597.0
425.4
229.6
546.0
321.3
900.4
193.6
54.8
1.8
101.9
5.0
17.4
15.9
3.7
14.5
12.5
25.3
3.7
1.4
104.6
5.0
17.9
16.2
4.1
15.4
13.1
26.8
3.9
1.6
100.6
4.7
17.5
16.1
3.9
15.3
12.7
25.8
4.1
1.5
607.3
280.2
45.5
64.9
626.9
289.6
46.0
65.3
632.2
292.6
46.4
67.0
6.1
30.3
15.0
2.4
2.9
35.7
18.9
2.3
3.1
35.0
18.4
2.5
3.2
7,602.6
413.0
111.5
7,633.1
425.1
110.6
7,667.7
427.2
111.1
4.6
.3
207.1
11.4
3.5
215.2
13.0
3.6
210.0
12.4
3.5
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
See footnotes at end of table.
84
1.0
.1
/2\
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
1.1
.4
1.0
.3
/2\
/2\
/2\
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
0)
.9
0
0)
()
(1)
(1)
1.0
.4
66.1
38.4
2.0
.9
3.6
3.2
1.3
1.1
5.1
5.0
75.5
42.4
2.1
1.0
4.0
3.5
1.5
.9
5.8
5.8
73.3
41.3
2.0
.9
3.9
3.4
1.4
.9
5.5
5.6
110.3
5.4
1.5
48.2
4.1
16.5
1.5
5.6
5.4
6.4
117.8
5.8
1.6
50.5
4.1
17.1
1.6
5.8
5.7
6.2
113.6
5.8
1.6
49.7
3.9
16.8
1.6
5.7
5.6
5.8
6.6
4.9
62.2
2.6
40.5
1.9
2.4
67.6
2.9
41.7
1.8
2.7
66.0
2.8
40.6
1.8
2.6
5.2
34.6
7.6
38.2
7.7
37.9
7.7
4.0
83.8
29.5
48.5
5.2
90.0
31.8
53.1
5.7
90.9
32.5
53.6
5.8
8.3
0
0
(1)
.7
1
108.5
50.9
11.3
46.0
.1
.1
8.0
8.2
0)
110.1
52.1
11.6
47.4
0
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
(1)
.9
(1)
9
()
01
()
0
0)
6.9
4.7
9
6.6
4.9
(2)
(2)
0
0
(1)
(1)
(1)
0)
5.2
5.0
4.1
4.2
(11)
()
0
0
V)
(1)
o
(1)
.3
(1)
0
0
.3
0
0
0
1.6
(1)
1
( )
0
1.8
0
0
.5
0
.5
9
9
.5
(1) .6
(1)
(1)
.3
.3
15.2
5.9
0
0
0
0
V)
.5
.6
.3
0)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0)
0
4.1
.3
(1)
(11)
()
0
0
12.6
1.8
.7
0)
0)
0
(2)
4.6
.3
0
0)
Feb.
1994P
110.8
52.1
11.6
47.9
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
Jan.
1994
1.0
.1
CVj
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
(2)
Feb
1994P
CVj
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
1.1
cvj
Mississippi
Jackson
Feb
1993
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994?
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
179.7
108.9
38.2
33.6
176.4
106.3
37.6
33.7
176.2
106.2
37.5
33.5
96.7
52.7
20.9
30.5
97.5
52.1
20.8
31.4
96.2
50.6
19.9
31.1
484.2
246.6
66.5
180.7
490.3
244.3
63.7
184.2
486.7
242.2
63.6
182.4
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
456.7
227.1
10.9
14.5
35.8
31.7
15.3
7.8
41.0
39.6
445.2
221.3
11.0
14.4
33.9
30.6
15.5
7.3
39.7
39.0
442.9
219.9
11.0
14.4
33.7
30.9
15.6
7.3
39.4
38.9
119.3
75.9
4.5
1.8
4.0
4.9
2.2
1.2
8.7
9.5
125.9
79.8
4.6
2.0
4.0
5.1
2.3
1.2
8.3
9.9
126.3
80.1
4.6
2.0
4.0
5.0
2.2
1.2
8.2
9.9
618.7
362.4
25.3
10.8
31.7
19.6
14.3
9.2
52.6
45.1
646.7
379.4
26.3
10.8
33.7
20.7
14.5
9.9
52.1
45.5
641.8
377.0
25.9
10.6
33.1
20.5
14.3
9.7
51.9
45.3
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
899.5
54.7
19.7
411.6
48.3
132.6
12.1
49.4
23.4
41.6
920.6
53.5
20.2
423.1
45.4
137.0
12.6
49.0
29.3
40.9
919.4
53.4
20.3
424.1
45.3
137.4
12.7
49.1
29.1
40.7
152.4
5.6
2.7
83.0
4.6
16.4
3.5
6.0
6.2
6.4
154.7
5.3
2.8
84.6
4.3
16.6
3.6
6.1
6.2
6.3
154.9
5.3
2.8
84.7
4.3
16.7
3.6
6.1
6.2
6.4
906.1
46.3
13.4
438.7
38.9
110.0
12.9
41.3
46.3
39.6
927.5
46.9
14.0
445.7
38.5
111.9
13.5
42.5
47.2
40.4
923.5
46.3
13.9
442.4
38.5
111.2
13.3
42.2
47.0
40.1
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
397.1
7.8
261.9
12.0
13.4
404.1
8.2
265.2
11.3
13.7
404.4
8.2
265.2
11.2
13.9
108.3
5.8
77.3
2.0
2.7
108.9
6.0
76.7
2.0
2.7
109.0
6.0
76.9
2.0
2.6
517.4
25.1
330.7
13.2
22.9
534.1
25.5
342.8
14.6
23.5
530.8
25.4
341.1
14.3
23.3
Mississippi
Jackson
252.9
21.7
255.3
21.1
256.2
21.2
44.6
12.4
43.9
13.5
44.1
13.7
202.2
45.5
209.2
47.4
209.7
47.6
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
408.5
105.3
198.6
21.0
408.7
105.8
193.4
21.3
409.7
106.4
193.3
21.3
149.5
62.6
75.5
7.8
152.5
64.4
77.4
8.0
153.3
64.6
78.1
8.2
542.7
192.9
272.8
36.5
559.7
198.5
281.1
39.0
558.5
198.1
278.7
39.3
Montana
22.5
22.6
22.5
19.9
19.8
19.9
81.6
86.6
85.9
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
101.4
15.5
34.7
103.6
15.5
34.0
103.6
15.7
33.9
46.8
7.4
24.1
47.0
7.2
24.1
47.2
7.3
24.2
185.4
26.0
84.3
192.1
27.8
87.5
191.1
27.7
87.5
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
27.9
15.2
9.7
30.5
16.0
10.7
30.6
16.2
10.8
33.7
22.1
9.9
35.7
23.3
10.6
35.7
23.3
10.6
128.0
89.2
32.5
135.9
94.3
34.6
135.1
94.0
34.3
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
97.1
11.3
27.1
17.2
97.2
11.4
26.5
17.5
97.5
11.3
26.6
17.3
17.4
5.1
2.0
3.0
17.9
5.4
2.2
3.4
18.1
5.7
2.2
3.5
121.9
21.0
18.9
23.6
127.9
21.4
19.9
24.0
126.7
21.0
19.5
24.2
512.0
6.7
114.8
56.8
31.5
95.7
21.2
142.4
24.8
13.4
505.3
7.0
110.3
57.4
31.8
95.5
20.8
142.5
22.8
13.2
504.4
7.0
110.0
57.0
31.8
95.1
20.5
142.9
22.3
13.4
231.7
6.9
27.9
19.9
28.1
43.7
17.6
75.5
6.7
2.1
235.3
7.1
28.8
20.3
28.5
43.1
18.1
76.7
6.6
2.0
235.6
7.1
28.6
20.0
28.9
43.3
18.1
77.0
6.6
2.0
791.8
29.1
167.5
110.9
54.0
127.2
83.6
175.3
30.6
10.2
811.0
29.9
171.3
114.9
54.7
128.8
86.2
176.5
31.7
10.4
799.4
29.9
169.2
112.4
53.9
127.4
84.9
173.8
31.0
10.5
41.0
25.7
2.5
1.9
42.6
26.3
2.4
2.0
42.5
26.8
2.3
2.2
29.2
12.8
1.7
1.2
29.4
12.4
1.7
1.1
29.5
12.6
1.7
1.2
142.1
66.8
9.5
13.0
147.7
69.3
9.9
13.7
146.8
69.1
9.9
13.8
980.6
43.7
27.2
948.7
43.8
25.5
951.9
43.5
25.2
394.2
15.5
4.4
398.9
15.8
4.5
399.2
15.8
4.4
1,514.7
82.1
24.3
1,537.6
86.2
24.0
1,529.0
85.7
24.3
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ..
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
See footnotes at end of table.
85
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
127.4
73.1
38.2
46.2
129.5
72.5
37.9
47.1
129.5
72.3
37.6
47.4
631.1
332.5
145.0
241.1
649.7
337.1
145.7
249.0
652.3
338.3
146.8
250.7
420.6
207.7
89.4
170.2
414.1
206.7
90.5
166.1
422.1
208.9
90.4
170.2
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
196.4
141.8
3.3
1.7
4.8
3.2
2.0
1.9
14.0
15.0
201.0
146.4
3.3
1.7
4.8
3.5
2.0
1.9
13.8
15.4
201.0
146.9
3.3
1.7
4.9
3.4
1.9
1.9
13.8
15.5
918.7
628.3
18.3
11.1
32.7
22.4
14.2
12.8
67.3
56.7
964.8
659.7
19.7
12.0
34.6
23.9
14.8
13.6
69.3
57.5
977.8
665.8
19.9
11.9
35.0
23.8
14.8
13.7
70.7
58.8
388.3
212.9
14.4
6.7
17.3
13.8
9.3
5.0
43.7
31.5
385.5
216.1
14.8
6.5
16.8
13.7
9.6
5.0
43.6
31.5
393.0
218.8
15.1
6.6
17.5
13.8
9.6
5.0
44.7
31.7
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland .
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
190.2
9.1
2.6
106.5
6.1
18.9
1.8
10.1
12.1
6.0
191.3
9.3
2.6
107.0
6.2
19.2
1.8
10.3
12.1
6.2
191.4
9.3
2.6
106.9
6.2
19.1
1.9
10.3
12.1
6.2
984.2
54.2
16.1
520.1
38.7
108.3
11.8
45.6
47.1
39.5
1,013.3
55.0
16.4
533.5
40.8
111.9
12.1
46.3
47.0
39.9
1,025.1
55.8
16.5
537.0
41.5
113.2
12.2
46.5
47.1
40.4
657.6
70.2
9.3
234.8
24.6
52.3
10.4
35.8
68.7
22.0
636.4
68.2
8.8
230.2
24.0
52.0
10.1
34.5
66.2
22.5
656.5
71.4
9.1
236.6
24.5
52.6
10.3
35.7
68.2
22.8
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
131.9
3.4
104.2
1.8
2.3
138.3
3.4
109.6
1.9
2.4
138.7
3.5
109.8
1.9
2.4
594.8
26.7
393.3
29.4
18.8
618.0
26.8
410.3
30.3
18.7
621.5
27.0
412.5
30.2
19.1
359.9
21.6
204.4
7.1
12.8
363.9
21.2
205.0
7.3
13.0
369.7
21.8
208.7
7.5
13.2
38.0
14.3
38.5
14.6
39.1
14.7
184.3
47.5
202.9
50.6
205.8
51.5
211.9
42.1
214.2
41.9
215.8
42.2
136.7
61.0
71.2
5.8
139.8
62.4
72.4
6.3
140.0
62.3
72.7
6.2
614.7
209.3
341.7
39.3
640.4
219.5
352.2
42.0
649.4
220.3
357.4
42.0
380.9
125.5
151.6
17.6
380.5
122.1
148.8
17.9
390.2
126.1
152.9
18.4
Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
Montana
14.3
15.0
14.9
82.9
87.7
88.3
75.1
74.3
75.8
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
49.5
8.6
29.4
50.4
8.6
29.7
50.5
8.6
29.7
183.7
29.8
101.1
185.2
29.9
101.9
186.7
29.9
102.4
148.5
33.6
49.8
148.5
32.9
50.7
151.2
33.9
51.1
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
29.8
21.8
6.9
32.0
23.5
7.2
32.0
23.5
7.2
283.0
201.5
58.1
310.0
225.9
59.8
311.0
226.6
60.1
87.9
52.6
20.1
88.4
55.3
19.6
91.7
56.9
20.8
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
29.2
7.6
3.1
6.6
29.8
7.1
3.2
6.8
29.7
7.2
3.1
6.8
130.1
24.7
17.7
21.7
138.4
26.6
18.7
24.7
139.4
27.0
19.3
24.4
75.5
10.0
7.1
24.1
74.6
10.2
7.1
21.7
78.8
10.3
7.1
24.4
226.3
5.6
35.0
22.5
18.6
42.7
18.8
68.3
10.5
3.5
228.9
5.3
36.8
22.4
19.8
43.4
18.8
67.9
10.3
3.4
229.3
5.2
37.1
22.2
19.4
43.4
18.7
67.8
10.2
3.4
980.3
74.7
160.8
118.3
48.6
132.8
101.8
263.9
63.3
11.0
1,004.6
76.1
164.0
120.9
51.2
140.7
102.9
268.9
64.8
11.1
1,010.9
76.1
163.9
121.5
52.1
142.6
104.6
271.6
65.4
11.1
570.8
28.6
70.3
77.6
39.9
77.3
62.5
142.4
54.3
12.8
561.8
27.6
69.6
76.3
39.6
76.4
62.0
139.8
54.0
12.9
566.1
28.3
70.7
76.2
39.6
78.4
61.8
140.9
54.0
12.6
26.8
15.0
1.8
2.5
27.8
15.7
1.9
2.8
27.9
15.6
2.0
2.8
162.7
86.5
9.1
18.4
170.0
89.4
9.7
18.9
171.1
90.2
9.8
19.3
160.0
58.4
18.5
25.0
157.8
57.6
18.1
23.7
163.3
59.9
18.2
24.5
720.9
26.4
4.1
720.9
27.2
4.1
722.2
27.0
4.1
2,352.5
123.0
26.2
2,398.2
127.2
27.6
2,424.2
129.4
27.7
1,428.4
110.6
21.8
1,409.0
111.5
21.3
1,426.7
113.0
22.0
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ....
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
See footnotes at end of table.
86
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Construction
Mining
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagra Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
517.1
105.4
39.5
44.4
1,026.4
3,715.7
3,236.5
111.5
506.3
95.9
324.4
120.9
365.3
519.0
100.7
40.3
46.6
1,039.0
3,716.5
3,238.6
111.5
509.9
96.4
324.1
123.9
363.4
522.1
100.8
40.0
46.7
1,035.8
3,727.4
3,249.2
111.6
511.5
95.9
326.3
124.2
364.1
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro~Winston-Salem~High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
3,161.6
94.6
632.7
556.6
503.8
3,262.7
96.6
655.9
570.9
519.9
3,272.5
96.8
657.1
569.7
521.8
275.8
42.3
82.5
44.1
281.9
43.1
83.6
45.7
283.8
43.2
84.2
46.3
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
4,798.6
285.5
162.9
746.2
1,026.0
711.5
436.3
282.0
223.8
4,838.6
291.3
167.2
758.1
1,033.2
715.4
440.2
287.0
229.0
4,848.8
294.1
166.8
761.3
1,036.2
717.4
441.3
286.7
228.8
13.6
.4
.6
.5
.8
.6
.6
.2
.6
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
1,226.2
22.9
37.8
443.6
327.0
1,236.0
23.1
37.1
446.0
331.5
1,242.9
23.3
37.5
449.4
331.1
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
1,271.5
116.5
56.0
749.0
111.6
1,304.3
119.7
57.9
770.5
113.0
1,311.6
120.5
58.2
773.9
114.7
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazelton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
5,035.8
250.3
53.8
121.7
315.1
81.3
191.2
2,114.1
689.7
1,010.9
151.4
260.0
41.6
61.8
50.1
151.9
5,035.1
248.5
55.1
121.1
314.1
83.3
190.5
2,098.3
681.5
1,021.4
152.7
260.8
41.7
58.4
49.1
153.3
5,050.2
248.9
55.3
121.9
313.5
82.9
190.5
2,099.4
683.9
1,021.8
152.7
261.4
42.3
62.8
49.8
153.3
416.8
466.7
424.5
473.5
426.1
474.2
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
15.1
3.6
.9
1.4
35.2
96.2
78.7
3.2
13.4
2.7
10.9
2.3
13.6
15.8
3.5
1.0
1.6
35.8
96.2
78.8
3.1
14.1
2.6
12.7
2.5
13.6
15.7
3.3
.9
1.5
35.7
95.1
77.8
3.0
13.5
2.6
12.5
2.2
13.5
3.3
143.3
4.1
30.8
22.9
22.3
153.3
4.7
32.4
24.0
22.7
152.7
4.6
32.3
23.9
22.6
3.6
8.2
1.6
3.2
1.2
9.6
1.9
3.9
1.5
9.4
1.9
3.8
1.4
13.7
.4
.7
.6
.9
.6
.5
.2
.7
13.5
.4
.7
.7
.9
.6
.5
.2
.7
153.8
8.5
5.8
29.0
31.4
24.1
13.0
9.1
6.4
159.4
9.6
6.9
30.5
33.1
24.2
13.1
8.7
7.4
156.0
9.5
6.6
30.2
32.7
24.0
12.8
8.4
7.2
35.9
.9
.1
8.6
9.5
35.4
.9
.1
8.2
9.6
35.3
1.0
.1
8.0
9.5
39.2
.7
1.4
14.1
11.3
41.4
.7
1.4
14.7
11.7
41.9
.7
1.4
14.8
11.8
1.6
.1
.1
.9
.2
1.4
.1
.1
.7
.2
1.4
.2
.1
.7
.2
46.4
3.9
1.9
30.8
4.4
52.6
4.8
2.1
33.8
4.5
51.8
4.7
2.1
33.6
4.5
19.5
174.0
8.6
2.1
3.2
11.0
4.8
10.0
71.6
10.1
41.5
5.6
7.9
1.0
2.5
1.6
6.6
169.8
8.8
2.1
3.1
10.9
4.8
9.6
69.5
10.2
40.7
5.3
7.3
1.0
2.3
1.6
6.5
9.5
9.6
8.9
9.0
V)
C)
9
1
( )
()
(1)
0)
(1)
0.3
0.3
(1)
(1)
.7
.7
9
0)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
1
(1)
(1)
3.3
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
( )
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
3.5
(1)
()
(1)
3.7
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
0)
19.9
21.3
.4
.5
.4
172.6
8.6
2.2
3.5
11.5
4.6
10.3
70.1
10.2
41.0
5.7
7.5
1.1
2.0
1.8
6.5
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
9.9
10.9
0)
(1)
9
(1)
9
(1)
(1)
9
9
.3
(1)
0)
0
.7
(1)
3.4
0
0.3
V)
(1)
( )
( )
i01)
4.4
.5
0
01
()
0
(1)
(1)
(1)
.6
.6
(1)
(11)
()
9
9
3.3
3.3
(1)
(1)
.3
.3
See footnotes at end of table.
87
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994^
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagra Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
89.4
21.5
8.3
9.3
122.4
344.5
282.5
12.8
130.7
13.8
50.2
20.7
46.3
88.6
16.3
8.4
9.9
118.5
333.0
274.6
12.5
127.2
13.0
49.3
21.0
43.3
88.4
16.2
8.3
9.8
118.3
338.8
280.4
12.6
126.9
12.9
49.0
21.0
43.4
25.0
3.7
1.5
1.3
46.8
227.0
200.6
6.3
16.6
5.6
19.8
4.1
20.1
25.1
3.8
1.5
1.3
48.6
226.8
199.7
6.2
16.4
5.7
20.0
4.0
20.7
25.1
3.8
1.5
1.3
48.5
227.8
200.8
6.2
16.4
5.7
20.0
3.9
20.6
127.5
19.4
9.4
9.9
260.3
631.1
527.2
28.2
106.6
20.8
74.1
24.7
79.3
129.0
20.6
10.0
10.9
269.7
634.1
528.3
28.6
109.3
21.3
75.9
24.8
80.4
129.0
20.3
9.9
10.9
265.3
628.6
524.4
28.6
108.1
21.0
74.8
24.5
79.3
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
837.6
21.4
144.6
166.6
78.5
845.5
21.3
146.3
167.2
78.4
844.1
21.3
146.4
167.2
78.6
153.5
4.7
50.7
29.0
24.0
154.4
4.8
52.0
29.7
23.9
154.6
4.8
51.9
29.5
24.0
700.2
21.6
151.2
124.0
101.0
728.8
22.3
157.5
127.4
105.5
725.4
22.1
156.7
126.7
105.0
18.7
2.2
5.6
3.1
19.7
2.2
6.1
3.2
20.0
2.2
6.2
3.3
17.5
3.0
4.6
2.3
18.2
3.2
4.6
2.4
18.3
3.2
4.6
2.4
71.8
10.6
23.8
12.1
73.3
11.1
24.0
12.1
73.5
11.0
24.0
12.2
1,044.9
62.1
43.8
142.8
219.8
91.3
93.3
54.9
54.1
1,045.7
61.6
44.2
142.0
216.8
90.9
94.3
55.8
55.1
1,045.4
61.9
44.5
141.8
216.4
91.3
94.2
55.7
55.0
209.4
13.5
5.7
39.1
42.1
30.0
17.5
13.6
8.7
208.5
14.1
6.0
39.5
41.1
30.7
17.4
12.7
8.5
208.0
14.0
5.9
39.7
41.2
30.6
17.6
12.9
8.5
1,136.3
68.5
39.5
189.4
237.2
183.5
98.3
67.8
57.8
1,156.8
69.9
40.9
193.5
239.3
185.1
101.0
71.5
60.1
1,147.6
69.6
40.3
191.9
238.4
183.8
100.5
70.4
59.4
165.7
1.5
3.5
48.2
54.6
169.6
1.6
3.8
49.3
55.0
168.6
1.6
3.8
49.7
54.3
71.0
2.1
1.8
22.0
26.5
70.9
2.1
1.7
21.8
26.7
71.2
2.1
1.7
21.7
26.6
278.1
6.4
8.4
103.1
74.0
286.4
6.8
8.6
105.8
76.1
286.6
6.7
8.5
106.0
75.6
203.3
17.6
8.6
120.4
14.1
207.9
18.4
123.6
14.3
209.3
18.5
8.5
124.0
14.7
65.5
4.6
2.8
43.9
3.2
65.1
4.6
3.0
43.0
3.3
65.2
4.6
3.0
43.3
3.3
314.1
29.3
15.9
186.3
24.6
324.1
29.3
17.4
191.1
25.2
322.0
29.3
17.0
190.6
25.2
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazelton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
938.2
61.5
9.7
34.6
47.0
12.5
55.5
313.5
66.6
130.8
44.0
59.9
9.3
8.4
13.7
46.4
931.9
61.5
10.0
34.4
47.4
12.1
55.1
310.0
65.2
129.4
43.8
58.5
9.6
8.2
13.2
46.7
928.6
60.8
9.9
34.2
46.8
12.2
54.7
307.3
64.6
129.8
43.7
58.8'
9.6
8.5
13.1
46.4
264.5
13.0
5.0
4.3
20.3
4.9
6.8
102.2
38.0
63.4
6.5
15.1
1.8
1.8
1.8
8.4
268.4
12.6
4.9
4.1
20.2
4.9
6.5
102.4
38.1
63.9
6.5
15.8
1.7
1.8
1.8
8.7
267.9
12.5
4.9
4.2
20.2
4.9
6.6
101.9
38.0
63.7
6.5
15.7
1.7
1.8
1.8
8.7
1,122.0
52.0
14.1
26.5
67.7
18.9
46.9
463.7
115.5
244.6
34.1
62.3
10.3
11.6
11.6
37.0
1,137.9
52.6
14.4
27.2
66.9
19.9
47.2
465.2
116.3
250.7
34.9
63.8
10.4
11.7
11.6
36.7
1,127.2
51.7
14.9
26.6
65.9
19.6
46.2
461.1
115.8
248.0
34.3
63.2
10.3
11.6
11.7
36.4
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
87.8
109.6
86.1
109.4
86.2
109.4
13.7
16.1
14.2
16.8
14.4
17.0
88.2
103.3
92.8
104.3
92.4
103.5
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
See footnotes at end of table.
88
;
8.5
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagra Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
28.4
4.3
1.4
1.5
79.4
500.1
467.3
6.0
23.5
5.1
19.5
8.0
26.9
28.4
4.3
1.4
1.7
79.4
500.9
468.5
6.0
23.8
5.1
19.4
8.0
26.3
28.4
4.4
1.4
1.7
79.6
502.3
469.9
6.0
23.8
5.1
19.3
7.9
26.3
144.9
29.9
11.0
11.4
307.8
1,257.3
1,102.9
28.6
137.3
27.6
90.6
29.8
121.4
146.2
30.2
10.8
11.8
314.0
1,273.3
1,117.3
29.1
142.5
28.4
88.8
31.9
122.2
148.2
30.6
10.8
11.9
313.5
1,281.8
1,124.6
29.1
144.3
28.5
91.5
32.5
123.5
86.8
22.9
7.1
9.6
174.6
659.4
577.0
26.4
77.5
20.5
59.2
31.3
57.8
86.0
22.0
7.1
9.5
173.0
652.2
571.1
25.8
75.8
20.2
58.0
31.6
56.9
87.3
22.3
7.2
9.7
174.9
653.0
571.1
26.2
77.8
20.2
59.1
32.1
57.6
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
134.4
2.9
39.8
27.5
23.9
140.6
3.1
41.7
28.3
24.6
141.1
3.1
41.7
28.3
24.7
658.6
25.7
139.6
124.6
140.8
691.8
25.3
148.1
129.6
150.6
701.8
25.8
149.9
129.5
151.2
530.6
14.2
76.0
62.0
113.3
545.0
15.1
77.9
64.7
114.2
549.5
15.1
78.2
64.6
115.7
13.2
1.9
5.2
1.6
13.6
2.0
5.3
1.6
13.7
2.0
5.3
1.6
74.2
13.3
23.7
10.9
76.9
13.3
23.8
12.3
77.0
13.3
24.1
12.3
68.7
9.7
16.4
12.9
66.9
9.4
15.9
12.6
68.3
9.6
16.2
13.1
254.0
11.5
6.7
44.3
62.5
59.0
17.2
11.0
10.1
257.6
12.3
6.6
45.8
66.0
59.1
17.0
11.4
10.1
257.7
12.4
6.7
46.0
66.0
59.1
16.9
11.5
10.1
1,236.5
75.1
41.1
200.0
288.9
189.6
120.0
78.7
56.2
1,256.7
79.1
42.2
203.1
295.9
190.9
122.3
80.0
57.8
1,267.1
79.7
42.3
205.2
298.7
192.2
123.6
80.7
57.6
750.1
45.9
19.7
101.1
143.3
133.4
76.4
46.7
29.9
740.2
44.3
19.7
103.1
140.1
133.9
74.6
46.7
29.3
753.5
46.6
19.8
105.8
141.9
135.8
75.2
46.9
30.3
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
60.8
1.1
1.7
25.5
17.4
60.7
1.0
1.7
25.6
18.0
61.4
1.0
1.7
25.6
17.9
298.6
6.0
8.0
115.1
92.0
301.2
5.9
7.7
119.1
93.5
304.3
6.1
7.8
120.7
94.1
276.9
4.2
12.9
107.0
41.7
270.4
4.1
12.1
101.5
40.9
273.6
4.1
12.5
102.9
41.3
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
87.2
6.3
2.7
60.9
6.2
93.1
7.1
2.8
63.6
6.6
93.8
7.1
2.8
64.0
6.6
316.7
29.2
14.0
196.9
25.7
326.2
30.6
14.2
206.3
25.8
330.6
30.6
14.5
207.9
26.6
236.7
25.5
10.0
108.9
33.2
233.9
24.8
9.8
108.4
33.1
237.5
25.5
10.2
109.8
33.6
298.9
13.5
1.7
5.5
22.3
4.0
8.7
155.9
58.0
59.6
8.8
11.6
1.5
2.0
2.2
4.9
301.3
14.1
1.9
5.8
22.8
4.2
9.0
153.8
56.8
59.9
9.2
11.7
1.5
2.1
2.1
5.0
301.8
14.0
1.9
5.8
22.9
4.1
9.0
152.8
G6.6
60.1
9.2
11.7
1.5
2.1
2.2
5.1
1,502.8
73.2
13.4
32.7
75.8
23.4
44.2
701.6
268.6
343.2
33.5
68.4
12.1
11.6
12.5
32.7
1,499.5
71.9
13.9
32.4
77.2
24.2
46.0
693.5
262.7
349.3
34.5
68.3
12.0
11.1
12.6
34.5
1,518.5
73.8
13.7
33.2
77.0
24.0
46.5
701.4
266.6
350.4
34.6
69.2
12.8
11.4
13.1
35.0
715.5
28.5
7.7
14.6
70.5
13.0
18.5
307.1
132.8
123.9
18.8
34.7
5.5
24.4
6.5
15.6
702.2
27.2
7.9
14.0
68.6
13.2
16.4
301.8
132.3
123.4
18.2
34.2
5.5
21.0
6.2
14.6
716.9
27.3
7.9
14.8
69.8
13.3
17.6
305.4
132.1
125.8
19.1
34.9
5.4
25.1
6.3
14.8
24.7
26.5
25.1
26.8
25.1
26.9
130.4
136.3
134.3
142.2
136.2
143.3
62.0
63.9
62.4
64.3
62.8
65.0
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazelton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
See footnotes at end of table.
89
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Mining
Total
(Construction
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
1,530.7
203.8
243.9
405.7
1,567.4
202.1
246.7
420.3
1,577.0
202.7
248.1
420.9
(1)
(1)
(1)
305.4
39.6
85.7
316.2
41.6
87.5
316.3
41.9
87.6
O
(1)
2,266.1
203.1
182.8
285.3
481.4
529.1
2,327.4
209.3
181.2
291.2
489.0
545.8
2,338.2
209.0
182.1
292.0
490.7
547.7
7,334.8
50.1
81.1
442.3
148.2
68.8
84.9
60.0
138.5
1,438.1
221.2
599.7
82.9
1,634.2
80.7
52.5
76.7
100.9
111.6
90.1
38.9
561.3
36.5
47.9
65.0
31.1
84.1
52.2
7,529.5
50.3
83.4
458.9
150.2
71.4
88.6
61.1
139.9
1,482.5
226.2
612.5
82.5
1,656.1
84.0
53.9
79.4
101.3
118.9
91.0
39.0
573.7
37.5
47.6
66.8
33.4
86.6
54.0
7,576.9
50.4
84.2
461.0
150.8
72.1
89.6
62.2
140.4
1,496.0
226.7
612.8
83.0
1,658.4
84.2
54.1
79.4
102.8
119.6
91.0
39.4
578.3
37.6
47.7
66.9
33.7
86.6
54.1
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
780.6
104.4
528.1
824.2
111.5
555.2
831.1
112.6
558.3
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
254.5
28.0
85.7
255.7
29.1
86.8
259.6
28.8
88.2
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
2,849.9
33.4
70.6
42.4
90.4
592.8
839.0
465.5
127.4
2,921.5
34.2
71.6
44.0
94.4
596.0
874.2
479.1
131.8
Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
2,194.1
1,125.6
631.7
114.9
110.2
62.4
59.1
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
See footnotes at end of table.
90
Feb.
1994P
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1993
1.8
Feb.
1994?
1.8
(1)
(1)
(1)
2.3
164.1
1.3
.8
1.0
1.0
1.1
(1)
.7
2.8
17.0
165.4
1.2
.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
(1)
.7
2.7
16.6
(1)
4.5
.7
64.1
1.5
0
2.3
3.5
.2
.9
12.9
.5
1.8
(1)
.1
1.3
1.4
(1)
1.4
8.1
(1)
10.8
2.2
3.6
4.7
85.3
6.9
7.7
12.2
16.9
20.0
89.3
7.4
7.8
14.2
17.3
23.1
89.4
7.3
7.9
14.2
17.3
23.1
164.2
1.3
.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
(1)
.8
2.7
16.8
(1)
4.6
.7
63.9
(1)
2.4
3.5
.2
1.0
12.7
.5
1.8
(1)
.1
1.3
1.4
(1)
1.4
334.5
1.7
2.9
16.0
12.8
9.0
2.4
1.9
11.6
47.9
8.1
22.2
5.1
102.2
3.2
1.7
3.1
3.3
4.4
4.0
1.3
24.0
1.4
1.7
2.0
2.1
3.4
1.7
349.2
2.0
3.6
19.0
12.9
10.3
2.7
2.4
12.5
54.3
8.6
25.3
4.8
104.5
3.4
1.8
3.3
3.6
5.0
4.2
1.4
25.6
1.6
2.3
2.3
2.2
3.5
1.8
355.4
2.0
3.6
18.9
12.9
10.5
2.7
2.2
12.6
54.9
8.6
25.5
4.8
103.6
3.7
1.9
3.3
3.7
5.0
4.3
1.4
25.9
1.5
2.3
2.3
2.2
3.5
1.9
8.2
32.4
4.7
21.6
37.7
5.2
26.1
38.1
5.2
26.2
.5
8.7
.9
3.0
9.6
1.0
3.7
9.1
1.0
3.6
12.3
142.0
1.0
3.3
1.8
4.1
31.1
40.7
26.6
6.3
147.5
1.0
3.8
1.8
4.7
30.8
45.3
27.3
6.9
145.9
1.0
3.7
1.9
4.5
30.3
44.8
27.0
6.8
.6
0
0
O
O
10.7
2.0
3.6
.5
(1)
2.3
3.5
.2
.9
12.9
.6
1.8
(1)
.1
1.4
1.2
10.3
2.2
3.5
(1)
(1)
0)
0
2.3
4.5
.5
4.3
.7
64.1
79.5
11.2
12.0
25.0
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
O
80.1
11.3
12.1
25.4
V)
(1)
(1)
8.2
(1)
3.1
3.2
.4
Feb.
1994P
78.7
12.0
12.0
22.6
2.3
4.7
Jan.
1994
1.8
(1)
0
0)
(1)
(1)
Feb.
1993
O
.5
3.1
O
0
(1)
(1)
2,930.5
34.0
72.6
44.0
94.2
595.6
873.4
481.8
131.3
12.9
(1)
12.3
(1)
1
()
(1)
(1)
2,233.7
1,135.7
2,237.3
1,134.8
2.9
.5
3.2
.6
3.3
.6
108.4
56.9
112.7
55.7
112.8
55.5
651.4
117.0
108.3
62.4
58.8
652.0
117.6
108.4
62.9
59.4
27.1
1.7
1.7
.4
1.7
28.7
1.6
1.7
.4
1.8
28.5
1.6
1.7
.4
1.8
24.5
5.3
4.1
2.7
1.6
27.5
5.3
4.2
2.5
1.8
27.1
5.4
4.2
2.6
1.9
O
(11)
()
0)
.4
.7
0
(1)
(1)
0
V)
01
()
01
()
.5
.7
.5
.7
0
1
()
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Wholesale and retail trade
Transportation and
Dublic utilities
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994?
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994^
372.1
20.7
26.0
123.8
372.4
20.5
26.4
125.5
373.0
20.3
26.4
125.4
65.8
10.2
11.2
16.5
65.8
10.0
11.2
17.1
65.9
10.0
11.2
17.0
334.8
48.7
53.0
93.1
347.1
48.8
54.3
95.7
348.6
48.7
54.4
95.6
37.7
4.3
10.9
41.3
4.5
11.1
41.2
4.4
11.2
14.6
1.8
5.6
14.9
1.8
5.6
14.8
1.8
5.7
77.3
11.4
23.2
80.3
12.5
23.8
79.5
12.4
23.7
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
518.0
43.7
53.4
49.6
63.4
93.2
532.7
45.2
52.6
50.0
65.1
94.9
533.8
45.2
52.6
50.1
65.8
95.2
122.8
7.1
7.2
10.8
47.6
31.0
125.8
7.3
7.6
10.7
49.1
31.7
126.7
7.2
7.6
10.9
49.0
31.6
515.1
49.4
40.4
70.4
122.7
129.0
533.8
51.7
40.8
70.1
126.3
129.3
532.4
51.3
40.9
70.2
125.9
128.9
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
975.2
4.3
9.2
57.7
25.7
17.2
12.5
4.0
13.7
219.5
44.7
101.6
8.5
177.9
9.0
1.8
16.5
7.2
12.6
6.8
5.2
46.4
9.6
5.9
11.3
3.2
15.1
7.6
991.5
3.8
9.4
59.9
25.1
17.2
13.4
3.8
13.6
220.5
46.0
101.4
8.3
178.6
9.3
1.7
16.8
7.3
13.6
6.5
4.7
47.1
9.7
5.7
11.6
3.3
16.0
7.9
991.8
3.7
9.6
60.5
25.1
17.2
13.6
3.9
13.5
221.8
46.4
100.7
8.3
178.0
9.2
1.7
16.9
7.4
13.9
6.5
4.7
47.3
9.7
5.6
11.8
3.3
15.8
7.9
428.8
2.5
5.4
14.3
9.2
2.6
3.6
1.4
6.5
86.1
11.3
55.5
5.1
110.7
2.6
8.2
3.7
5.5
3.6
4.4
2.9
25.0
1.4
2.3
2.9
1.5
3.4
2.6
441.3
2.6
5.4
14.7
9.4
2.5
3.9
1.4
6.5
88.2
11.5
56.6
4.9
113.1
2.6
8.4
3.7
5.4
3.7
4.3
2.9
26.4
1.4
2.0
3.0
1.4
3.5
2.6
441.6
2.6
5.5
14.6
9.5
2.5
3.9
1.4
6.5
88.7
11.5
56.4
5.1
114.0
2.6
8.3
3.7
5.3
3.7
4.2
2.9
26.5
1.4
2.0
3.0
1.4
3.5
2.6
1,760.8
12.9
22.5
89.0
33.4
12.6
23.1
12.5
32.1
360.3
53.2
152.9
17.2
384.4
17.9
16.3
18.6
27.9
34.5
22.9
9.4
138.4
7.6
11.2
16.5
8.0
18.9
12.2
1,824.0
13.1
23.3
95.2
33.5
13.4
23.4
12.7
31.8
373.4
54.9
154.9
17.2
391.4
18.9
16.5
19.8
28.4
35.6
23.5
9.3
142.0
7.8
11.6
17.0
8.8
19.7
12.7
1,824.3
13.0
23.3
94.7
33.5
13.5
23.9
12.8
32.0
374.7
54.7
154.8
17.3
389.3
18.8
16.5
19.7
28.6
35.8
23.6
9.4
141.8
7.9
11.6
16.8
8.9
19.6
12.6
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
107.7
13.7
68.9
112.7
15.0
71.3
113.5
15.1
71.6
45.6
2.0
36.0
48.6
2.0
37.9
48.9
2.1
38.3
182.1
23.1
126.6
194.2
24.0
132.3
194.1
24.0
132.0
43.1
3.2
15.9
42.7
3.1
15.7
42.7
3.4
15.7
11.2
.8
3.6
10.8
.8
3.6
10.8
.8
3.6
58.1
5.9
20.1
60.7
6.1
20.0
60.2
5.8
20.1
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
403.5
10.0
7.8
16.1
26.4
68.4
39.2
62.3
18.7
402.5
10.0
7.7
16.2
26.6
65.5
39.6
61.1
18.9
402.3
10.0
7.8
16.1
26.5
65.8
39.4
60.7
19.0
145.6
1.2
2.4
1.1
3.2
28.6
51.3
23.4
8.6
149.8
1.4
2.4
1.2
3.4
29.8
51.8
24.7
8.7
149.9
1.3
2.4
1.1
3.4
29.9
51.0
24.9
8.7
625.3
8.6
13.7
8.5
19.2
135.8
185.4
105.5
34.0
651.3
9.2
14.7
9.2
19.8
138.2
196.4
110.6
34.3
644.6
9.1
14.8
9.2
19.7
136.6
194.3
110.1
34.1
Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
337.6
206.9
329.5
196.6
327.6
195.1
111.4
68.5
113.4
68.5
113.2
68.3
523.1
262.4
539.1
271.4
536.7
271.6
82.3
10.5
19.0
13.0
6.6
81.2
9.9
17.3
12.6
6.0
81.0
10.0
17.2
12.7
6.0
38.1
8.7
6.9
2.5
3.3
38.7
8.9
6.5
2.5
3.3
38.9
8.8
6.6
2.5
3.5
142.5
28.3
27.5
15.3
15.1
149.8
29.4
28.2
15.9
14.7
149.0
29.3
27.8
15.8
14.8
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
See footnotes at end of table.
91
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Services
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Government
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
64.2
7.8
18.3
14.4
65.3
8.0
18.1
14.5
65.8
8.0
18.1
14.5
315.2
48.4
53.7
80.2
335.3
50.1
55.3
86.7
337.7
50.6
55.7
87.2
298.1
56.0
69.7
55.1
299.6
53.4
69.3
55.4
304.7
53.9
70.3
56.2
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
17.3
1.5
8.8
17.8
1.5
9.2
18.0
1.5
9.2
79.1
11.2
24.4
81.2
11.8
24.7
81.4
11.9
24.7
66.8
7.2
9.3
67.7
7.5
9.5
68.3
7.7
9.5
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
101.2
13.3
5.4
10.8
24.6
30.2
104.3
13.8
5.1
10.5
25.5
30.6
104.5
13.8
5.0
10.6
25.5
30.7
555.3
48.0
39.3
76.1
127.0
153.3
571.3
51.3
38.9
79.0
129.7
161.5
577.0
51.4
39.0
79.3
130.2
162.4
363.7
34.7
29.4
54.9
79.2
72.4
365.7
32.6
28.4
56.2
76.0
74.7
369.7
32.8
29.1
56.1
77.0
75.8
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
421.2
1.9
4.1
24.7
4.7
1.9
3.4
2.1
6.0
125.0
8.3
28.1
5.5
96.5
3.4
1.9
2.7
4.4
3.8
3.6
1.5
38.4
2.0
1.8
3.1
1.6
5.0
2.2
432.0
1.8
4.1
26.2
4.6
1.9
3.6
2.3
6.1
126.0
8.4
28.1
5.6
97.4
3.7
2.0
2.7
4.5
4.1
3.5
1.6
41.0
2.1
1.9
3.3
1.6
5.2
2.2
432.3
1.8
4.1
26.1
4.6
1.9
3.6
2.3
6.2
126.8
8.4
28.0
5.5
97.5
3.7
2.0
2.7
4.4
4.1
3.5
1.6
40.9
2.1
1.9
3.3
1.6
5.2
2.2
1,867.8
15.9
19.4
115.6
38.1
11.3
20.0
11.8
35.1
399.8
46.3
149.9
16.1
466.2
19.8
8.8
17.8
27.9
20.6
18.8
10.2
159.3
9.4
12.5
17.4
7.7
23.6
13.6
1,935.3
16.1
19.7
120.1
39.5
11.8
20.9
13.0
35.6
416.3
48.4
156.1
16.5
476.2
20.9
9.2
18.2
27.8
22.1
19.6
10.7
162.6
9.8
12.4
18.0
8.2
23.8
14.1
1,954.6
16.3
20.0
120.1
39.9
12.0
21.1
12.8
35.5
422.3
48.7
157.4
16.5
479.2
21.1
9.3
18.2
28.3
22.2
19.5
10.9
166.1
9.9
12.5
18.0
8.3
24.0
14.2
1,382.4
9.6
16.8
124.0
23.3
13.1
19.9
25.6
30.7
182.5
49.3
85.2
24.7
232.2
24.8
11.5
10.8
24.5
31.2
16.7
7.8
128.0
5.1
12.4
10.4
5,8
14.7
10.8
1,390.8
9.7
17.1
122.8
24.2
13.3
20.7
24.8
31.1
187.2
48.4
85.6
24.5
230.8
25.2
12.0
11.4
24.1
33.9
16.5
7.9
127.2
5.1
11.6
10.3
6.5
14.9
11.3
1,412.7
9.7
17.3
125.1
24.3
13.5
20.8
26.0
31.4
190.0
48.4
85.4
24.8
232.9
25.1
12.0
11.4
24.9
33.9
16.7
8.0
128.0
5.1
11.7
10.4
6.6
15.0
11.3
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
38.7
2.8
31.7
43.8
3.2
36.0
44.3
3.2
36.2
204.0
42.1
134.4
217.4
45.4
142.3
220.0
46.1
143.3
162.0
16.0
105.8
161.6
16.7
106.1
164.0
16.9
107.6
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
11.8
2.5
4.3
12.1
2.6
4.5
12.1
2.6
4.6
75.7
7.7
23.9
75.9
8.3
25.5
78.6
8.0
25.4
45.5
7.0
14.9
43.4
7.2
13.8
45.6
7.2
15.2
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
152.2
1.2
3.8
1.4
4.0
25.6
52.2
38.9
9.0
158.6
1.1
3.9
1.4
4.2
27.0
54.3
40.8
8.8
159.4
1.1
3.9
1.4
4.3
27.4
54.4
41.0
8.8
766.6
6.0
16.0
7.8
21.7
159.3
294.7
108.7
34.2
799.4
5.9
16.4
8.1
23.3
162.9
311.9
112.3
37.0
808.1
6.0
16.4
8.2
23.4
163.3
313.7
114.1
36.9
601.8
5.4
23.6
5.7
11.8
144.0
175.1
99.4
16.6
600.1
5.6
22.7
6.1
12.4
141.8
174.4
101.6
17.2
608.0
5.5
23.6
6.1
12.4
142.3
175.3
103.3
17.0
Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
117.8
73.2
121.7
75.2
121.6
74.7
561.4
292.1
580.6
301.0
583.9
300.5
431.5
165.1
433.5
166.7
438.2
168.5
24.6
6.2
3.8
2.3
3.0
24.8
6.4
3.6
2.2
3.0
24.6
6.4
3.6
2.3
2.9
160.9
32.7
27.1
15.7
18.4
167.5
33.6
27.3
16.0
18.9
169.0
34.1
27.3
16.2
19.2
131.7
21.5
20.1
10.5
9.4
133.2
21.9
19.5
10.3
9.3
133.9
22.0
20.0
10.4
9.3
Waco
Wichita Falls
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
See footnotes at end of table.
92
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Mining
Construction
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
2,341.9
169.3
59.7
112.4
61.1
43.9
60.9
235.3
756.8
74.2
52.0
55.0
2,378.6
172.4
60.5
117.9
62.4
45.9
61.1
239.7
766.4
76.1
54.7
56.3
2,388.0
172.5
61.6
116.9
62.4
45.3
62.0
243.1
766.4
76.2
54.8
56.3
Wyoming
Casper
198.5
27.2
204.6
28.0
203.8
28.0
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
858.4
55.1
63.9
69.6
539.2
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Virgin Islands
48.8
45.4
45.7
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1993
1.7
1.8
(1)
0
(1)
9
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
Feb.
1994p
(1)
81.6
8.7
1.7
5.2
2.2
1.7
1.6
9.3
26.3
2.5
2.3
1.8
78.6
8.3
1.6
4.9
2.1
1.7
1.6
9.0
25.7
2.5
2.2
1.8
17.5
2.0
9.0
1.1
10.0
1.1
9.8
1.1
(1)
(1)
( )
( )
(1)
1
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
( )
(1)
1
1
0)
(1)
( )
( )
16.8
2.1
.9
(1)
(1)
0
0
18.0
2.1
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.5
01
(1)
()
(2)
0
Feb.
1994P
77.6
8.2
1.5
4.9
1.9
1.7
1.6
8.4
24.7
2.1
1.7
1.7
1
( )
Jan.
1994
1.6
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
( )
(1)
Feb.
1993
n
46.9
1.7
3.1
4.3
33.9
6.0
/2\
(2)
(2)
/2\
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
2.4
2.5
See footnotes at end of table.
93
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
1Dublic utilities;
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Feb.
1993
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah ...
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.
94
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994?
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
547.5
54.9
9.8
24.1
18.5
10.0
11.0
25.8
165.9
23.3
21.4
15.1
558.5
56.2
10.1
24.8
18.4
10.2
11.2
26.9
167.8
23.9
23.1
15.4
557.8
56.1
10.1
24.8
18.5
10.1
11.1
26.9
167.3
24.0
23.5
15.3
110.2
6.9
3.3
8.3
2.5
1.6
2.8
7.9
36.8
2.5
1.8
3.6
112.1
6.8
3.2
8.6
2.4
1.7
2.7
7.9
36.7
2.5
1.7
3.7
112.8
6.8
3.2
8.6
2.6
1.6
2.7
7.9
37.2
2.5
1.8
3.8
531.1
35.3
16.0
26.9
14.1
11.9
16.5
50.4
166.1
16.1
9.6
13.0
542.3
36.2
16.8
28.3
14.4
12.8
16.6
52.1
168.2
16.1
9.7
13.5
539.9
35.9
16.7
28.0
14.3
12.5
16.7
52.3
166.3
16.0
9.6
13.4
9.3
1.6
9.6
1.5
9.4
1.5
14.3
1.5
14.4
1.5
14.4
1.5
44.3
7.6
46.2
8.1
45.8
8.0
150.4
14.9
19.4
12.6
69.7
2.8
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
2.8
21.1
.4
.5
1.9
16.9
2.9
2.7
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
2
()
(2)
(2)
2.8
163.3
11.4
10.1
11.9
109.6
2.8
10.3
(*)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
11.0
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
11.0
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government
Services
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Feb.
1993
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
Virgin Islands
Combined with construction.
Not available.
= preliminary.
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
128.0
8.6
2.2
7.1
1.8
1.5
2.1
20.5
51.8
2.4
2.2
4.2
131.8
8.8
2.3
7.8
1.9
1.4
2.3
21.0
53.0
2.5
2.1
4.4
131.5
8.7
2.2
7.8
1.9
1.3
2.3
21.0
53.3
2.4
2.1
4.4
577.0
36.1
14.6
28.4
14.5
10.5
17.4
55.2
221.0
18.6
9.6
10.4
593.4
36.6
15.0
30.7
14.9
11.2
17.9
56.9
226.7
19.5
9.9
10.6
7.5
1.1
7.8
1.1
7.8
1.1
39.2
6.9
40.3
7.0
39.4
1.4
1.4
1.9
31.0
2.2
Feb.
1994P
596.7
36.8
15.2
30.3
14.8
11.2
18.3
57.7
11.0
368.8
19.4
12.3
12.8
7.9
6.9
9.4
10.7
67.1
90.4
9.3
5.7
6.8
40.2
7.1
58.1
5.3
227.9
19.7
9.9
147.1
9.4
9.4
12.8
100.6
2.1
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
357.2
19.1
11.4
12.4
8.1
6.9
8.9
65.6
87.6
9.1
Feb.
1994?
369.1
19.9
12.5
12.6
8.2
6.9
6.9
9.4
68.5
88.8
9.1
5.8
7.0
58.3
5.6
58.9
5.7
5.9
289.3
15.9
20.0
24.2
177.0
11.0
11.0
13.8
13.4
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1993 benchmarks.
95
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry
1987
SIC
Code
Industry
Total private
Mining
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Average overtime hours
Mar.
34.1
34.0
34.3
34.0
34.4
43.5
42.9
44.1
43.6
44.1
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores
10
101
102
43.0
42.4
45.2
42.3
42.1
44.4
43.7
45.3
44.4
43.1
44.4
43.6
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining
12
122
44.9
45.1
43.7
43.9
45.2
45.6
45.3
45.5
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services
13
131
138
43.2
42.1
43.9
42.4
40.9
43.4
44.0
44.5
43.7
43.5
42.5
44.1
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
14
142
43.3
43.7
43.9
44.7
43.4
42.1
42.6
41.1
36.7
37.4
37.0
36.0
15
152
153
154
36.7
35.8
37.6
37.5
37.0
36.2
37.4
37.8
36.6
35.7
38.8
37.3
35.9
35.3
37.6
36.5
16
161
162
39.6
38.6
40.0
41.2
40.6
41.3
39.8
37.9
40.4
38.4
36.0
39.1
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
35.9
37.7
35.0
38.3
33.3
33.9
30.7
36.6
38.0
35.7
38.6
34.3
34.7
31.8
36.4
38.8
34.9
38.8
33.4
34.8
30.8
35.5
37.8
34.8
38.0
32.4
33.6
30.2
41.1
40.9
41.5
40.9
41.9
3.8
3.7
4.2
4.1
4.5
41.7
41.7
42.4
41.8
42.8
3.9
3.9
4.5
4.5
4.8
40.3
39.7
42.0
42.2
41.2
40.0
39.5
39.4
41.9
42.6
38.8
38.0
38.6
40.2
40.2
39.9
41.5
41.8
40.4
40.0
39.2
39.4
41.1
43.6
39.0
38.5
38.9
39.7
40.9
39.0
42.7
43.1
41.4
40.7
39.6
40.2
41.7
45.1
38.9
40.3
40.8
40.9
39.7
39.1
41.5
42.0
39.8
39.3
38.7
38.5
40.5
42.8
38.4
37.7
38.3
39.8
41.2
3.7
5.2
4.7
5.0
3.8
3.3
2.7
2.9
4.5
5.2
3.0
2.3
2.4
2.9
3.5
4.8
4.4
4.7
3.3
3.1
2.5
2.7
4.2
5.1
3.2
2.3
2.4
2.8
4.0
4.6
5.1
5.4
4.0
3.5
2.8
3.2
4.6
5.5
2.9
3.6
3.8
3.1
3.6
4.5
4.7
5.0
3.5
3.0
2.3
2.7
3.9
5.2
3.1
2.7
2.9
3.0
39.6
39.3
39.8
38.6
40.0
39.7
39.8
40.4
39.9
40.0
39.7
39.2
39.4
38.7
40.8
38.9
40.6
40.6
40.3
40.4
39.9
39.4
39.7
38.6
40.9
39.4
41.0
41.4
40.3
39.1
38.1
37.1
37.6
35.8
38.0
37.9
39.5
39.7
39.9
38.2
40.1
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.1
3.0
3.8
2.5
2.7
3.0
2.1
2.6
2.4
2.4
2.0
3.5
3.0
2.9
3.2
3.0
2.2
3.1
2.9
2.8
2.7
4.0
3.5
3.4
3.7
3.5
2.3
2.6
2.3
2.4
1.8
2.9
2.9
2.7
3.4
3.5
1.8
Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work
,
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ..
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
24
241
242
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
25
251
2511
2512
See footnotes at end of table.
96
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
2514
2515
252
253
254
259
38.2
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
1987
SIC
Code
Industry
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Average weekly earnings
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
$10.77 $10.79 $11.06 $11.06 $11.05 $367.26 $366.86 $379.36 $376.04 $380.12
Total private
14.60
14.71
15.05
14.84
14.85 635.10
631.06
663.71
647.02
101
102
15.20
15.76
14.01
15.21
15.74
13.95
15.92
18.05
14.12
15.78
17.46
14.12
653.60
668.22
633.25
643.38
662.65
619.38
695.70
817.67
626.93
680.12
775.22
615.63
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining
12
122
17.19
17.38
17.29
17.47
17.84
18.06
17.56
17.75
771.83
783.84
755.57
766.93
806.37
823.54
795.47
807.63
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services
13
131
138
14.10
16.93
12.22
14.25
17.01
12.43
14.39
17.84
12.33
14.13
17.44
12.24
609.12
712.75
536.46
604.20
695.71
539.46
633.16
793.88
538.82
614.66
741.20
539.78
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
14
142
12.36
11.51
12.47
11.62
12.87
11.96
12.83
11.97
535.19
502.99
547.43
519.41
558.56
503.52
546.56
491.97
14.11
14.27
14.38
14.43
14.42 517.84
533.70
532.06
519.48
15
152
153
154
13.52
12.60
13.58
14.33
13.60
12.68
14.04
14.41
13.72
12.69
13.65
14.67
13.81
12.77
13.81
14.78
496.18
451.08
510.61
537.38
503.20
459.02
525.10
544.70
502.15
453.03
529.62
547.19
495.78
450.78
519.26
539.47
16
161
162
13.52
12.62
13.79
13.94
13.01
14.24
13.86
13.31
14.02
13.94
13.29
14.13
535.39
487.13
551.60
574.33
528.21
588.11
551.63
504.45
566.41
535.30
478.44
552.48
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
14.50
14.84
13.14
15.50
14.35
14.11
12.70
14.60
15.01
13.19
15.62
14.46
14.25
12.52
14.76
15.16
13.42
15.73
14.71
14.40
12.74
14.77
15.11
13.61
15.73
14.72
14.53
12.99
520.55
559.47
459.90
593.65
477.86
478.33
389.89
534.36
570.38
470.88
602.93
495.98
494.48
398.14
537.26
588.21
468.36
610.32
491.31
501.12
392.39
524.34
571.16
473.63
597.74
476.93
488.21
392.30
11.62
11.64
11.97
12.02
12.01 477.58
476.08
496.76
491.62
503.22
12.20
12.21
12.57
12.63
12.62 508.74
509.16
532.97
527.93
540.14
Mining
Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores
10
,
Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
,
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259
2451
249
654.89
550.84
9.51
9.50
9.74
9.70
9.69 383.25
11.39
9.73
10.13
8.08
11.34
10.02
10.41
8.44
11.28
10.33
8.47
9.79
9.99
9.11
9.73
9.90
9.09
8.27
11.17
9.51
9.65
8.89
8.24
8.57
8.57
11.30
6.96
6.92
9.15
9.18
11.69
7.22
9.52
9.57
9.08
11.74
7.25
9.46
9.12
447.02
408.66
427.06
332.90
381.20
383.15
353.42
346.51
475.84
270.05
347.70
355.12
356.57
381.90
454.46
403.80
423.43
326.43
380.40
378.28
350.27
338.66
492.68
269.88
353.43
359.83
349.36
398.37
442.26
427.85
448.67
349.42
398.45
395.60
366.22
357.37
527.22
280.86
383.66
390.46
371.37
385.09
441.05
413.34
433.86
337.11
382.39
383.13
349.97
347.09
502.47
278.40
356.64
364.23
362.98
399.23
11.26
9.73
10.12
8.08
9.53
9.42
8.91
8.39
9.69
8.64
9.44
9.44
8.88
8.41
9.61
8.45
9.30
10.12
9.76
10.76
9.69
9.43 361.15
336.80
319.20
363.23
339.60
353.73
391.63
384.61
416.16
380.40
361.67
335.94
315.59
363.39
347.62
348.54
401.53
392.60
414.28
380.97
375.86
351.05
333.08
374.03
353.38
371.94
419.02
394.13
427.58
380.83
359.66
329.45
316.22
344.04
321.10
352.47
399.74
387.47
429.32
370.16
378.14
9.70
8.97
9.20
9.25
8.87
8.80
9.12
8.57
8.02
9.41
8.49
8.91
9.84
9.52
10.43
9.51
9.11
8.57
8.01
9.39
8.52
8.96
9.89
9.67
10.28
9.43
10.22
9.52
10.61
9.74
9.96
9.51
See footnotes at end of table.
97
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
1987
SIC
Code
32
321
322
3221
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries
33
331
3312
3317
332
3291
3292
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365
34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws ... 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
.... 343
3432
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
,
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
,
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
,
3446
Architectural metal work
,
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
3451
Screw machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
347
Metal services, nee
3471
Plating and polishing
3479
Metal coating and allied services
348
Ordnance and accessories, nee
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products
See footnotes at end of table.
98
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Average overtime hours
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
41.4
44.1
42.3
43.1
41.5
41.3
43.1
40.7
42.0
40.3
42.0
41.7
37.7
42.0
42.3
42.1
41.4
45.0
41.7
42.6
40.8
41.0
42.2
40.2
41.6
41.1
41.9
42.1
39.6
41.8
43.0
41.8
42.0
45.2
42.4
43.6
41.3
43.4
43.4
41.8
41.5
40.9
41.6
42.3
38.5
42.9
43.0
43.8
41.1
46.0
42.6
43.4
41.9
42.3
45.1
41.1
40.9
38.8
40.7
40.1
35.8
42.3
42.4
39.9
42.8
4.3
6.0
4.4
5.5
3.5
2.8
5.0
3.2
3.1
5.1
5.7
4.7
4.5
4.4
3.5
4.9
4.4
6.9
4.4
5.6
3.3
2.7
4.2
3.2
3.0
5.2
5.5
4.6
5.3
4.6
4.5
4.1
4.7
7.4
4.4
5.5
3.5
4.3
4.9
3.8
4.2
5.1
4.6
5.0
4.4
4.6
3.8
5.1
4.6
7.9
4.6
5.6
3.7
3.9
6.6
4.1
3.9
4.6
4.3
4.4
4.0
4.6
3.9
3.5
43.5
43.9
43.9
44.5
43.9
44.2
45.5
43.2
42.6
41.6
43.9
44.3
45.6
43.1
41.6
41.0
43.5
43.9
44.0
43.4
43.8
44.0
44.9
43.6
42.3
42.0
43.8
43.2
45.8
43.3
41.8
41.5
44.2
43.7
43.8
43.8
45.6
45.8
49.8
44.2
42.5
41.9
45.4
44.4
46.3
45.5
42.2
42.1
43.9
43.8
44.0
43.7
45.6
46.2
47.4
44.2
42.3
42.0
44.1
44.1
45.8
43.3
42.2
41.2
44.4
44.1
5.4
5.8
6.0
4.9
5.2
5.3
8.2
5.1
5.0
4.6
5.8
7.1
7.1
5.2
3.9
3.7
5.3
5.8
6.1
4.2
5.2
5.1
7.9
5.3
4.7
4.7
5.6
6.1
7.2
5.1
3.8
3.8
6.1
5.9
6.0
5.5
7.1
7.7
9.1
5.8
4.7
4.1
6.9
7.5
7.2
6.5
4.6
4.4
6.1
5.6
5.8
4.9
7.4
8.1
10.6
5.9
4.8
4.4
6.7
7.3
7.2
6.2
4.8
4.9
41.7
44.0
44.1
41.2
40.9
40.9
41.3
41.1
39.2
40.5
41.6
38.4
42.1
40.0
39.6
42.4
41.8
43.2
43.0
42.2
43.9
41.9
41.3
40.9
42.0
41.8
41.0
41.9
42.0
41.3
41.5
42.2
41.9
41.1
41.0
40.5
41.1
41.0
39.5
40.3
41.3
38.5
41.8
40.0
38.6
42.5
42.0
43.0
43.2
41.7
44.4
41.9
41.1
40.6
41.8
41.8
41.3
41.7
41.4
40.9
42.4
43.5
43.3
42.7
42.0
43.0
42.1
43.0
41.0
40.9
42.1
38.6
41.9
40.5
40.8
42.7
42.2
43.4
44.6
43.8
45.9
43.0
41.0
40.4
41.9
41.5
40.6
43.0
42.8
42.2
41.9
43.5
43.1
41.2
40.9
41.1
41.0
42.0
40.4
40.3
41.0
37.7
42.5
39.7
40.2
42.6
42.1
43.2
44.6
44.3
46.4
42.2
40.5
40.1
41.2
41.6
41.0
42.4
42.2
41.3
42.6
3.8
5.2
5.2
3.2
2.9
3.0
3.1
2.9
1.6
3.2
4.2
2.0
4.1
2.9
2.9
4.8
4.3
5.4
4.5
3.8
5.2
3.7
3.9
3.6
4.4
3.4
2.7
3.8
4.0
3.3
3.7
4.8
4.6
2.9
2.9
2.7
3.5
3.6
1.9
3.2
4.0
2.2
3.9
2.9
2.5
4.6
4.3
5.0
4.6
3.6
5.4
3.7
3.8
3.4
4.4
2.9
2.5
3.6
3.6
2.7
4.6
5.6
5.5
4.2
3.8
4.5
4.2
4.8
3.2
3.8
4.7
2.5
4.5
3.5
3.5
5.4
4.8
6.0
6.0
5.9
6.7
4.8
3.9
3.5
4.6
3.8
3.0
4.8
4.7
3.8
4.5
5.4
5.1
4.0
3.6
4.0
3.7
4.4
3.2
3.7
4.3
2.2
5.1
3.2
3.3
5.4
5.0
5.9
6.2
6.5
7.4
4.3
4.0
3.7
4.5
4.2
3.3
4.5
4.4
3.2
Mar.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Average weekly earnings
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
$484.38
769.50
546.69
576.38
518.57
419.84
630.89
412.05
416.83
457.44
438.69
422.26
469.26
512.47
457.52
555.10
$502.74
809.98
573.67
605.17
545.57
462.64
666.19
438.90
436.17
458.49
439.30
427.23
457.00
539.68
473.00
636.41
$492.38 $512.32
829.38
577.66
603.69
554.34
450.92
707.62
437.30
423.32
431.46
421.65
408.22
416.71
528.75
464.70
585.33
Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365
13.82
16.23
17.34
12.58
12.10
12.44
13.05
11.77
15.02
15.15
13.03
12.67
15.39
13.01
11.14
10.60
13.82
16.21
17.30
12.51
12.18
12.61
13.20
11.67
14.89
15.06
13.09
12.49
15.55
13.13
11.09
10.59
14.17
16.60
17.81
13.03
12.91
13.61
13.69
11.78
15.08
15.24
13.39
13.01
15.58
13.59
11.36
10.60
14.25
16.64
17.84
13.18
13.02
13.61
15.28
11.90
15.29
15.33
13.51
13.08
15.89
13.73
11.41
10.82
14.16 601.17
16.65 712.50
761.23
559.81
531.19
549.85
593.78
508.46
639.85
630.24
572.02
561.28
701.78
560.73
463.42
434.60
601.17
711.62
761.20
542.93
533.48
554.84
592.68
508.81
629.85
632.52
573.34
539.57
712.19
568.53
463.56
439.49
626.31
725.42
780.08
570.71
588.70
623.34
681.76
520.68
640.90
638.56
607.91
577.64
721.35
618.35
479.39
446.26
625.58
728.83
784.96
575.97
593.71
628.78
724.27
525.98
646.77
643.86
595.79
576.83
727.76
594.51
481.50
445.78
628.70
734.27
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products
34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
11.56
14.87
15.91
11.46
10.85
11.47
10.35
9.77
10.43
10.74
10.76
8.96
12.04
11.00
9.84
11.55
10.68
12.52
13.71
13.49
15.63
10.96
9.65
9.67
9.61
12.99
12.94
10.74
11.29
9.57
11.56
15.02
16.13
11.41
10.84
11.39
10.33
9.85
10.38
10.80
10.85
8.99
12.16
11.01
9.93
11.50
10.66
12.44
13.76
13.52
15.71
10.96
9.55
9.54
9.56
12.86
12.76
10.73
11.21
9.52
11.87
15.23
16.35
11.80
11.20
11.78
10.58
9.92
10.84
10.91
10.85
9.21
12.32
11.13
10.00
11.78
10.93
12.74
14.32
13.86
16.51
11.18
9.75
9.84
9.60
13.69
13.89
11.12
11.38
9.90
11.90
15.29
16.41
11.90
11.12
11.90
10.46
9.79
10.81
10.94
10.86
9.23
12.39
11.17
9.80
11.72
10.97
12.58
14.43
14.08
16.60
11.20
9.79
9.85
9.70
13.74
13.89
11.04
11.24
9.68
11.95 482.05
654.28
701.63
472.15
443.77
469.12
427.46
401.55
408.86
434.97
447.62
344.06
506.88
440.00
389.66
489.72
446.42
540.86
589.53
569.28
686.16
459.22
398.55
395.50
403.62
542.98
530.54
450.01
474.18
395.24
479.74
633.84
675.85
468.95
444.44
461.30
424.56
403.85
410.01
435.24
448.11
346.12
508.29
440.40
383.30
488.75
447.72
534.92
594.43
563.78
697.52
459.22
392.51
387.32
399.61
537.55
526.99
447.44
464.09
389.37
503.29
662.51
707.96
503.86
470.40
506.54
445.42
426.56
444.44
446.22
456.79
355.51
516.21
450.77
408.00
503.01
461.25
552.92
638.67
607.07
757.81
480.74
399.75
397.54
402.24
568.14
563.93
478.16
487.06
417.78
498.61
665.12
707.27
490.28
454.81
489.09
428.86
411.18
436.72
440.88
445.26
347.97
526.58
443.45
393.96
499.27
461.84
543.46
643.58
623.74
770.24
472.64
396.50
394.99
399.64
571.58
569.49
468.10
474.33
399.78
509.07
$11.67 $11.70 $11.97 $11.98 $11.97 $483.14
17.92
742.20
18.03
17.10
16.83
13.53
553.71
13.56
13.11
13.09
13.88
582.28
13.91
13.53
13.51
13.21
526.64
13.23
12.71
12.69
10.66
428.28
10.66
10.24
10.37
15.35
647.79
15.69
14.95
15.03
10.50
417.58
10.64
10.25
10.26
10.51
422.10
10.35
10.02
10.05
11.21
11.12
11.13
11.01
443.70
10.56
10.36
10.47
10.46
439.32
10.10
10.18
10.03
9.99
416.58
11.87
11.64
11.85
11.64
438.83
12.58
12.50
12.26
12.26
514.92
11.00
10.96
10.64
10.64
450.07
14.53
14.67
13.28
13.07
550.25
See footnotes at end of table.
99
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
1987
SIC
Code
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
...
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
See footnotes at end of table.
100
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571
42.8
44.2
43.4
44.5
41.9
42.7
43.9
44.1
41.6
47.6
42.7
40.5
43.5
43.1
43.5
44.2
42.4
41.5
42.4
42.5
41.0
42.4
42.5
41.2
43.8
43.1
40.1
44.2
43.3
41.6
41.4
42.8
43.8
42.6
44.4
42.1
43.0
43.6
44.0
40.8
46.6
43.3
40.2
43.4
43.0
43.3
44.2
42.3
41.9
42.3
41.7
41.5
42.1
42.6
41.3
43.7
43.5
40.9
44.0
43.5
41.7
41.6
43.5
44.6
42.9
45.3
43.5
43.4
44.1
44.4
43.2
46.6
43.0
41.2
44.1
44.1
44.9
44.7
43.2
42.4
43.7
42.0
43.8
43.0
43.2
43.7
44.8
43.7
41.5
42.0
43.5
42.0
41.9
43.0
44.7
43.2
45.4
43.3
44.0
43.6
44.4
42.7
46.2
42.6
40.8
43.6
44.0
44.5
44.0
42.6
41.3
43.2
40.2
43.0
43.3
42.6
42.8
44.0
43.7
39.4
43.1
43.2
41.9
43.1
3575,8,9
358
3585
41.6
41.8
42.1
42.8
42.8
42.9
40.9
42.1
42.5
42.8
42.4
43.0
41.4
43.8
44.7
42.9
44.2
42.8
40.6
42.2
42.7
42.6
43.3
42.5
41.5
41.2
40.5
41.8
41.9
42.0
41.2
41.3
43.9
40.8
39.7
41.5
44.5
40.5
42.4
39.5
41.4
40.8
42.8
44.7
41.3
40.6
42.3
39.7
40.9
40.3
40.7
41.4
41.0
40.1
41.9
41.7
41.9
41.2
40.7
43.3
40.1
40.0
41.0
43.5
39.8
41.3
39.8
41.3
40.5
42.6
44.2
41.4
42.1
42.4
40.2
41.4
41.6
41.6
42.1
42.3
42.4
42.2
43.0
43.6
41.5
41.8
41.7
44.4
40.1
42.4
47.0
41.6
43.3
37.9
40.4
41.2
42.4
43.3
41.7
43.1
42.6
40.6
42.7
43.7
43.1
41.4
41.7
41.9
41.4
41.9
42.4
40.8
40.5
41.9
43.7
38.7
41.1
45.1
40.0
43.4
36.2
40.0
40.6
41.7
43.2
41.5
42.9
42.8
40.0
42.4
44.9
42.4
359
3592
3596,9
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
.....
Average weekly hours
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
Average overtime hours
Mar.
1994"
43.9
42.3
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
4.4
4.6
4.5
4.7
4.0
4.1
5.1
4.9
4.2
7.3
5.3
3.0
5.4
4.3
4.9
6.4
3.9
3.1
4.4
4.4
4.1
4.7
4.1
3.3
5.3
4.1
2.4
5.7
4.7
3.3
3.1
4.4
4.4
4.1
4.5
4.3
4.4
4.8
4.6
3.3
6.6
5.5
3.0
5.3
4.2
4.9
6.4
3.8
3.2
4.4
4.1
4.4
4.3
4.1
3.2
5.5
4.1
2.7
5.3
4.3
3.2
3.1
5.1
5.2
4.9
5.3
4.9
4.8
5.4
5.8
5.6
6.5
5.2
3.8
6.1
5.5
5.9
7.0
4.7
4.2
5.5
4.3
6.1
5.0
4.8
4.7
6.3
4.9
3.3
4.8
5.0
3.3
3.5
5.0
5.6
5.3
5.7
5.3
5.7
5.5
6.1
4.8
6.8
5.1
3.8
6.0
5.5
6.4
6.7
4.7
3.9
5.4
3.8
6.3
4.8
4.7
4.8
6.1
5.5
2.6
5.6
4.7
3.0
3.1
3.0
3.2
3.4
4.7
4.5
4.9
2.6
3.5
3.8
4.6
4.2
4.8
3.1
5.1
5.9
5.1
6.2
5.1
2.6
4.7
5.3
5.0
5.5
5.0
3.5
3.1
3.2
3.0
2.9
3.0
2.5
3.9
6.0
2.1
2.2
3.3
4.3
2.8
3.2
2.4
3.7
2.6
3.5
4.5
3.9
3.4
4.8
2.8
3.4
2.2
3.7
3.5
3.1
2.8
3.3
3.0
3.2
2.6
3.6
5.4
2.0
2.8
3.0
3.9
2.4
2.2
3.2
3.9
2.6
3.3
3.9
4.0
3.8
4.8
3.2
3.7
2.9
4.1
4.0
4.0
4.2
3.8
4.2
4.8
3.1
3.2
1.9
5.1
2.4
4.1
5.6
3.9
3.6
2.1
3.5
3.5
3.5
4.2
4.2
5.0
4.9
3.3
4.7
6.3
5.0
3.8
3.7
4.1
3.3
4.3
4.8
3.1
2.8
3.8
2.2
2.1
3.6
5.1
3.1
3.4
1.8
3.6
3.4
3.6
4.3
3.9
5.4
4.3
3.1
4.8
6.8
5.0
Mar.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry-—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
1987
SIC
Code
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
$12.61 $12.59 $12.92 $12.95 $12.96 $539.71
16.41
16.37
15.77
15.82
699.24
17.05
16.92
16.46
16.42
712.63
16.15
16.15
15.48
15.57
692.87
12.48
12.27
11.97
12.00
502.80
13.50
13.31
13.10
13.13
560.65
13.12
13.14
12.74
12.76
560.16
14.69
14.66
14.28
14.31
631.07
13.37
13.68
12.77
12.87
535.39
11.94
11.96
11.39
11.47
545.97
11.93
12.05
11.64
11.65
497.46
11.25
11.27
11.15
11.10
449.55
13.59
13.59
13.25
13.26
576.81
13.87
13.93
13.45
13.53
583.14
13.90
13.92
13.25
13.22
575.07
14.16
14.15
13.84
13.81
610.40
11.97
11.95
11.68
11.74
497.78
11.12
11.17
10.81
10.84
449.86
13.33
13.39
13.04
12.94
548.66
11.55
11.61
11.22
11.10
471.75
15.36
15.40
14.78
14.53
595.73
12.88
13.07
12.76
12.73
539.75
12.64
12.63
12.22
12.27
521.48
13.63
13.64
12.89
12.96
533.95
13.74
13.80
13.28
13.30
582.54
12.89
12.91
12.27
12.24
527.54
10.48
10.42
10.21
10.21
409.42
13.54
13.48
12.93
13.11
579.46
12.75
12.66
12.08
12.14
525.66
12.82
12.68
12.35
12.38
515.01
13.97
13.71
13.39
13.32
551.45
Feb.
1994P
Jan.
1994
$538.85
690.73
701.20
687.31
503.94
563.30
555.46
628.32
521.02
530.77
504.01
448.23
575.05
578.35
573.73
611.73
494.06
452.94
551.59
467.87
613.37
537.20
520.57
532.36
580.34
533.75
417.59
568.92
525.48
515.00
557.02
$562.02
730.10
725.87
731.60
533.75
577.65
579.47
650.90
590.98
557.34
518.15
464.32
599.32
614.31
625.01
632.51
516.24
473.61
585.14
487.62
674.52
562.01
545.62
596.07
618.24
564.17
432.43
566.16
550.71
532.56
574.45
$556.85 $568.94
733.53
736.56
733.21
540.38
594.00
572.03
652.24
570.90
551.63
508.22
459.00
592.52
610.28
618.55
623.04
509.92
459.26
575.86
464.31
660.48
557.70
538.46
583.36
604.56
563.29
412.91
583.57
550.80
537.16
602.11
3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9
12.34
11.42
11.61
12.08
13.33
11.75
12.28
11.38
11.53
12.06
13.11
11.75
12.48
11.50
11.74
12.35
13.63
12.00
12.56
11.51
11.73
12.37
13.66
12.02
513.34
477.36
488.78
517.02
570.52
504.08
502.25
479.10
490.03
516.17
555.86
505.25
516.67
503.70
524.78
529.82
602.45
513.60
509.94
485.72
500.87
526.96
591.48
510.85
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
11.10
10.76
10.08
11.45
10.48
9.94
11.50
10.51
11.69
12.79
8.12
10.92
11.71
10.82
10.29
8.25
10.88
11.15
11.44
12.07
11.11
13.08
14.25
9.54
12.38
13.10
13.26
11.11
10.71
9.97
11.45
10.53
9.94
11.68
10.51
11.86
12.67
8.21
10.85
11.62
10.71
10.37
8.20
10.73
11.05
11.51
12.18
11.14
13.00
14.28
9.48
12.47
13.35
13.30
11.40
11.10
10.53
11.70
10.74
10.04
12.11
10.74
11.76
13.42
8.46
11.20
11.89
10.98
10.57
8.25
11.07
11.58
12.03
13.25
11.35
13.15
14.41
9.64
12.72
13.78
13.53
11.44
11.13
10.65
11.64
10.78
10.07
12.16
10.88
12.15
13.72
8.36
11.18
11.88
11.00
10.48
8.22
11.23
11.80
12.13
13.41
11.30
13.16
14.34
11.45 460.65
443.31
408.24
478.61
439.11
417.48
473.80
434.06
513.19
521.83
322.36
453.18
521.10
438.21
436.30
325.88
450.43
454.92
489.63
539.53
458.84
531.05
602.78
378.74
506.34
527.93
539.68
459.95
439.11
399.80
479.76
439.10
416.49
481.22
427.76
513.54
508.07
328.40
444.85
505.47
426.26
428.28
326.36
443.15
447.53
490.33
538.36
461.20
547.30
605.47
381.10
516.26
555.36
553.28
479.94
469.53
446.47
493.74
461.82
437.74
502.57
448.93
490.39
595.85
339.25
474.88
558.83
456.77
457.68
312.68
447.23
477.10
510.07
573.73
473.30
566.77
613.87
391.38
543.14
602.19
583.14
473.62
464.12
446.24
481.90
451.68
426.97
496.13
440.64
509.09
599.56
323.53
459.50
535.79
440.00
454.83
297.56
449.20
479.08
505.82
579.31
468.95
564.56
613.75
382.00
545.69
638.93
574.10
9.55
12.87
14.23
13.54
Mar.
1994P
Mar.
1993
484.34
See footnotes at end of table.
101
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
1987
SIC
Code
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties
39
391
3911
393
394
386
387
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
See footnotes at end of table.
102
20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Average overtime hours
Mar.
1994p
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
42.3
43.3
42.2
42.8
44.4
41.0
41.7
41.3
41.9
42.2
39.4
39.7
38.7
41.6
41.0
40.8
39.8
38.2
42.5
43.9
43.2
43.3
44.7
41.8
41.5
41.0
41.4
42.3
39.3
39.1
39.8
41.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
38.3
43.7
45.4
44.9
42.7
46.3
43.5
41.7
40.7
43.2
42.2
40.0
40.5
39.0
42.3
42.1
43.2
40.4
39.2
43.6
45.7
46.7
41.4
45.8
42.4
41.2
40.1
42.3
42.2
39.2
39.4
39.0
42.6
41.7
41.5
39.9
37.9
44.3
46.4
4.1
4.7
4.0
4.4
5.5
3.4
3.6
3.5
3.9
3.5
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.9
2.9
3.2
3.3
2.1
4.3
5.2
4.8
4.0
5.8
4.0
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.5
2.6
2.4
2.9
2.7
2.6
3.0
2.9
1.8
5.4
6.7
6.5
4.6
7.2
4.8
3.8
3.6
4.1
3.8
3.0
3.1
2.9
3.3
3.5
3.5
3.7
3.2
5.8
7.3
8.4
4.6
7.1
4.4
4.1
3.8
4.5
4.3
2.9
2.9
2.7
3.6
3.3
3.3
3.4
2.4
41.0
40.9
41.2
40.5
42.3
41.2
40.6
41.2
39.8
39.6
42.8
40.6
41.1
40.5
41.2
40.8
41.3
41.3
40.9
42.3
39.5
39.3
42.9
40.9
41.5
41.6
42.1
41.7
41.9
42.2
41.0
41.5
40.2
39.3
43.5
40.4
41.0
41.5
41.8
42.1
42.2
41.4
40.2
40.8
39.2
38.4
42.7
37.6
41.8
2.8
2.0
2.6
3.0
2.9
2.2
2.8
3.2
2.5
2.3
4.7
1.8
2.7
1.8
2.4
2.7
2.3
2.1
3.0
3.8
2.4
1.9
4.5
2.0
2.9
2.0
2.9
3.6
2.3
2.2
3.0
3.3
2.7
2.1
4.8
1.9
2.8
2.1
2.8
3.5
2.6
2.2
2.9
3.3
2.4
2.4
3.7
2.2
39.6
37.1
36.6
40.1
40.3
39.0
41.1
40.4
40.7
40.4
39.4
39.7
39.8
37.5
37.2
40.4
40.3
38.5
41.4
39.5
40.5
40.5
39.9
40.1
39.6
37.7
37.0
40.1
39.6
37.7
40.7
40.2
40.7
41.0
40.0
40.2
38.6
36.8
36.6
39.4
39.0
37.0
40.1
39.7
38.5
38.5
38.5
39.1
40.2
2.5
1.3
1.2
2.4
3.0
2.2
3.4
2.1
2.2
1.5
2.6
3.1
2.5
1.5
1.4
2.5
2.8
1.9
3.3
1.9
2.5
2.0
2.8
3.1
2.8
1.7
1.6
2.0
3.0
1.9
3.6
2.0
3.7
4.4
3.1
3.2
2.6
1.4
1.4
2.3
2.9
1.9
3.5
2.5
2.8
3.2
2.8
2.8
40.3
39.9
40.4
39.6
40.8
3.7
3.5
3.8
3.7
40.0
38.8
40.0
40.9
37.4
41.8
40.2
42.4
39.7
40.5
38.9
41.1
44.0
46.4
43.1
39.8
38.4
39.7
42.1
36.4
42.0
41.3
42.1
39.3
39.6
38.8
40.9
44.4
46.0
44.1
40.3
40.6
42.7
41.2
39.1
41.3
38.6
42.4
39.9
42.9
39.7
38.9
44.5
44.0
44.3
40.2
39.2
40.9
41.4
37.4
41.7
40.1
42.0
39.3
40.7
38.1
39.1
44.5
44.6
43.2
40.5
4.0
3.4
3.9
4.5
2.8
4.4
3.7
4.2
3.6
4.0
2.7
3.9
6.2
5.8
5.7
3.8
3.3
3.8
5.2
2.2
4.4
3.6
4.2
3.4
3.7
2.4
4.3
6.3
5.9
6.0
4.2
4.3
5.6
4.7
3.3
4.0
2.9
4.4
3.7
5.0
2.9
3.5
6.8
5.5
7.2
4.2
3.6
4.0
5.2
2.7
4.4
3.7
4.6
3.8
3.8
3.1
3.8
6.9
6.0
6.6
Mar.
1994P
4.0
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
1987
SIC
Code
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387
12.11
15.88
11.90
10.30
11.54
13.06
10.76
10.67
10.14
8.54
14.45
8.18
12.15
15.95
11.90
10.41
11.59
13.03
10.87
10.95
10.08
8.65
14.36
8.16
12.44
16.51
12.28
10.95
11.72
13.60
11.01
10.85
10.34
9.13
14.98
8.44
12.46
16.66
12.26
11.01
11.72
13.50
11.04
10.93
10.29
9.21
14.80
8.57
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties
39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
9.32
9.70
9.67
9.00
8.74
8.45
8.90
10.15
7.84
6.77
9.88
10.26
9.28
9.69
9.64
8.95
8.69
8.51
8.78
10.24
7.88
6.87
9.78
10.11
9.55
9.75
9.70
9.59
8.97
8.89
9.00
10.29
8.15
6.98
10.11
10.30
9.54
9.71
9.59
9.69
8.95
8.80
9.03
10.46
8.12
6.85
10.06
10.20
10.87
10.90
11.17
10.29
8.32
9.03
9.65
7.37
11.56
10.34
12.19
9.99
12.77
10.57
8.84
12.50
10.77
10.04
10.32
8.34
9.01
9.77
7.33
11.50
10.23
12.17
10.06
12.85
10.66
8.98
12.46
10.73
10.04
10.57
8.59
9.35
9.94
7.58
11.85
10.40
12.56
10.40
13.55
10.87
9.42
12.79
10.77
10.41
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
$15.54 $15.63 $16.31 $16.43 $16.46 $657.34
16.91 680.24
16.87
16.74
15.88
15.71
787.45
18.96 20.27 20.49
18.66
602.20
14.55
14.67
14.19
14.07
642.91
15.30
15.29
* 14.48 14.58
395.24
9.82
9.87
9.74
9.64
710.99
17.80
17.63
17.08
17.05
2
()
0
0
f)
$690.09
$16.47 $16.34 $16.82 $16.96
662.12
15.69
16.14
15.77 16.09
483.44
12.27
12.56
12.28 12.61
530.00
13.35
13.84
13.40 13.80
373.07
9.64
9.80
9.70
9.90
614.02
14.76
15.48
14.59 15.13
683.47
16.67
17.37
16.57 17.42
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
$449.74
$11.30 $11.23 $10.99 $10.90
406.45
10.64
10.63
10.66 10.63
Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts
Nondurable goods
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
$664.28
697.13
819.07
614.43
651.73
407.13
708.82
$712.75
760.00
910.12
626.41
707.93
429.35
735.17
$716.35 $729.18
770.96 784.62
956.88
602.37
700.74
416.37
733.36
$676.48
667.07
482.60
523.94
386.06
604.03
671.09
$726.62
679.00
504.40
558.90
386.10
640.00
733.38
$717.41
681.11
492.35
545.30
382.20
659.45
724.33
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
$445.83 $444.00 $434.91
408.28 416.70 402.88
12.47 496.51
649.49
490.28
417.15
488.14
538.07
436.86
439.60
403.57
338.18
618.46
332.11
499.37
645.98
490.28
424.73
478.67
538.14
444.58
463.19
398.16
339.95
616.04
333.74
516.26
686.82
516.99
456.62
491.07
573.92
451.41
450.28
415.67
358.81
651.63
340.98
510.86
691.39
512.47
463.52
494.58
558.90
443.81
445.94
403.37
353.66
631.96
322.23
521.25
369.07
359.87
353.92
360.90
352.22
329.55
365.79
410.06
319.09
273.51
389.27
407.32
369.34
363.38
358.61
361.58
350.21
327.64
363.49
404.48
319.14
278.24
390.22
405.41
378.18
367.58
358.90
384.56
355.21
335.15
366.30
413.66
331.71
286.18
404.40
414.06
368.24
357.33
350.99
381.79
349.05
325.60
362.10
415.26
312.62
263.73
387.31
398.82
382.30
11.20
11.20 438.06
434.91
451.27
443.52
456.96
10.55
8.54
9.13
9.94
7.60
11.88
10.59
12.52
10.36
13.25
10.97
9.38
12.65
10.81
10.38
10.59 411.60
322.82
361.20
394.69
275.64
483.21
415.67
516.86
396.60
517.19
411.17
363.32
550.00
499.73
432.72
410.74
320.26
357.70
411.32
266.81
483.00
422.50
512.36
395.36
508.86
413.61
367.28
553.22
493.58
442.76
425.97
348.75
399.25
409.53
296.38
489.41
401.44
532.54
414.96
581.30
431.54
366.44
569.16
473.88
461.16
424.11
334.77
373.42
411.52
284.24
495.40
424.66
525.84
407.15
539.28
417.96
366.76
562.93
482.13
448.42
428.90
9.51
See footnotes at end of table.
103
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Average overtime hours
Mar.
1994 P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
205
2051
38.9
38.3
39.1
38.6
38.7
37.7
38.9
38.6
3.9
3.8
3.9
4.0
3.7
3.4
4.1
4.0
2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209
40.1
40.4
44.0
43.6
41.6
39.6
43.6
40.5
41.2
40.1
39.9
40.1
39.4
44.4
39.1
41.8
38.0
44.0
40.8
41.5
40.2
39.5
40.5
40.2
51.1
43.6
42.7
37.9
43.5
39.9
41.4
39.4
38.0
39.5
40.0
53.9
41.7
40.9
37.7
42.8
40.4
43.0
39.6
41.0
4.0
3.6
10.5
5.6
4.1
2.8
5.2
3.9
5.9
3.4
4.6
3.6
3.1
9.1
3.9
3.9
2.2
5.4
4.2
6.3
3.5
3.9
4.2
3.9
11.4
5.6
4.4
2.9
6.2
4.0
6.0
3.3
3.6
4.3
3.4
12.3
4.8
3.9
2.2
5.7
4.6
7.3
3.8
4.9
Tobacco products
Cigarettes
21
211
37.3
37.3
36.0
35.5
37.5
37.3
35.2
36.3
38.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.5
Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
41.2
41.1
41.8
43.2
40.6
39.5
38.8
39.1
38.9
39.5
40.5
43.3
42.7
43.1
42.6
40.7
41.1
38.1
43.1
39.6
38.5
39.5
42.0
40.0
38.3
37.9
37.4
37.5
38.0
40.0
42.4
42.1
42.2
40.8
38.9
39.3
36.6
42.1
41.2
40.9
42.2
44.7
39.1
39.2
38.9
37.1
38.7
39.9
40.6
42.6
42.8
41.9
43.9
40.8
41.1
38.9
43.7
39.6
40.9
40.1
43.9
37.5
36.4
34.6
34.7
35.7
36.9
39.3
42.0
43.3
40.6
42.1
39.6
39.9
37.2
42.5
41.7
4.2
5.4
4.4
5.7
3.0
2.8
2.7
3.0
2.2
1.8
4.3
5.9
5.7
5.5
4.7
4.1
4.2
2.8
4.7
3.4
4.1
3.3
5.5
2.7
2.1
2.0
2.1
1.4
1.3
3.6
4.9
4.8
4.7
3.8
3.2
3.3
2.6
4.4
4.4
5.0
4.7
6.5
2.2
3.1
3.6
3.3
2.2
2.1
4.0
5.4
5.4
4.9
6.1
4.3
4.6
3.1
5.3
3.9
5.1
3.7
6.4
2.2
2.6
1.8
2.4
2.5
1.9
3.6
5.2
5.9
4.4
5.3
3.7
3.8
2.9
4.7
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396
37.3
35.5
37.0
36.5
36.4
36.7
36.8
36.7
35.9
36.2
37.2
37.4
38.0
35.0
37.0
37.0
36.5
39.0
37.9
38.2
40.3
37.0
35.9
36.5
36.3
35.4
36.2
36.6
36.0
36.6
36.3
36.7
37.5
37.9
36.0
35.2
35.5
36.6
38.8
37.9
37.8
40.4
36.8
36.1
36.3
35.0
36.7
36.8
35.7
35.4
35.5
35.2
35.9
37.2
36.6
39.6
37.3
37.3
36.2
38.9
36.9
37.7
40.2
35.4
32.7
34.9
33.8
34.7
34.3
34.7
33.4
35.3
34.1
34.9
36.3
35.3
40.6
34.7
35.0
35.1
37.4
35.8
35.3
39.5
37.7
1.8
.8
1.5
1.1
1.5
1.4
1.9
1.2
1.8
1.7
2.1
1.5
1.5
1.4
1.8
2.2
1.3
2.6
2.4
2.3
3.0
1.7
.8
1.3
1.0
1.4
1.2
1.7
.9
2.4
1.6
1.6
1.5
1.4
2.0
1.2
1.8
1.5
2.7
2.4
2.4
3.5
1.7
1.3
1.4
1.1
1.5
1.2
1.3
.8
1.6
1.0
1.3
1.6
1.3
2.8
1.8
2.4
1.3
3.0
1.5
2.1
4.5
1.6
.9
1.2
1.1
1.3
.9
1.3
.8
2.1
1.1
1.3
1.3
1.0
2.6
1.4
1.9
1.3
2.7
1.6
1.7
4.2
Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
26
262
263
43.3
45.4
44.4
43.0
45.1
45.0
43.7
45.3
45.8
42.8
45.2
45.9
43.7
4.9
6.0
6.3
4.9
6.0
6.8
5.1
5.7
6.8
4.9
5.8
6.8
S e e footnotes at end of table.
104
Mar.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
1987
SIC
Code
205
2051
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
$11.65 $11.69 $11.69 $11.76
11.66 11.60
11.60 11.65
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
Jan.
1993
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994 P
$453.19 $457.08 $452.40 $457.46
444.28 449.69 439.58 447.76
2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209
11.75
11.11
10.99
15.10
11.45
10.17
10.62
14.26
19.54
11.58
9.35
11.75
11.25
10.82
15.08
12.14
10.35
10.71
14.28
19.86
11.49
9.35
11.74
11.32
11.49
16.06
11.57
10.15
11.01
14.60
19.83
12.13
9.81
12.05
11.44
11.54
15.91
12.05
10.31
11.09
14.76
20.16
12.26
9.51
471.18
448.84
483.56
658.36
476.32
402.73
463.03
577.53
805.05
464.36
373.07
471.18
443.25
480.41
589.63
507.45
393.30
471.24
582.62
824.19
461.90
369.33
475.47
455.06
587.14
700.22
494.04
384.69
478.94
582.54
820.96
477.92
372.78
475.98
457.60
622.01
663.45
492.85
388.69
474.65
596.30
866.88
485.50
389.91
Tobacco products
Cigarettes
21
211
16.48
20.37
17.14
20.58
16.96
21.61
18.10 $18.60 614.70
759.80
22.00
617.04
730.59
636.00
806.05
637.12 $708.66
798.60
Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
8.81
9.14
9.53
9.36
8.15
8.06
7.53
7.69
7.75
8.04
9.17
9.17
9.01
9.72
8.81
8.54
8.53
8.73
10.43
8.75
9.05
9.49
9.43
8.10
7.98
7.47
7.63
7.58
8.08
9.14
9.09
8.93
9.64
8.71
8.48
8.46
8.76
10.46
9.04
9.33
9.92
9.59
8.25
8.26
7.88
8.03
7.74
8.21
9.30
9.21
9.05
9.64
9.10
8.76
8.73
9.09
10.53
9.04
9.35
9.85
9.60
8.25
8.27
7.75
8.00
7.81
8.26
9.28
9.21
8.95
9.67
9.07
8.77
8.72
9.20
10.49
9.02 362.97
375.65
398.35
404.35
330.89
318.37
292.16
300.68
301.48
317.58
371.39
397.06
384.73
418.93
375.31
347.58
350.58
332.61
449.53
346.50
348.43
374.86
396.06
324.00
305.63
283.11
285.36
284.25
307.04
365.60
385.42
375.95
406.81
355.37
329.87
332.48
320.62
440.37
372.45
381.60
418.62
428.67
322.58
323.79
306.53
297.91
299.54
327.58
377.58
392.35
387.34
403.92
399.49
357.41
358.80
353.60
460.16
357.98
382.42
394.99
421.44
309.38
301.03
268.15
277.60
278.82
304.79
364.70
386.82
387.54
392.60
381.85
347.29
347.93
342.24
445.83
376.13
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396
7.05
7.72
6.67
6.57
6.47
6.40
6.65
6.22
7.03
7.13
6.55
6.79
6.55
7.94
6.32
6.26
6.85
8.27
7.12
7.14
10.51
7.05
7.76
6.67
6.59
6.51
6.45
6.62
6.08
7.08
6.97
6.54
6.86
6.54
8.30
6.35
6.34
6.90
8.29
7.15
7.16
10.60
7.22
7.95
6.82
6.83
6.74
6.52
6.75
6.31
7.34
7.47
6.60
6.86
6.71
7.45
6.43
6.42
6.99
8.46
7.20
7.43
10.88
7.23
7.81
6.87
6.81
6.80
6.54
6.79
6.37
7.43
7.33
6.63
6.84
6.70
7.32
6.41
6.36
6.97
8.41
7.22
7.39
10.67
7.25 262.97
274.06
246.79
239.81
235.51
234.88
244.72
228.27
252.38
258.11
243.66
253.95
248.90
277.90
233.84
231.62
250.03
322.53
269.85
272.75
423.55
260.85
278.58
243.46
239.22
230.45
233.49
242.29
218.88
259.13
253.01
240.02
257.25
247.87
298.80
223.52
225.07
252.54
321.65
270.99
270.65
428.24
265.70
287.00
247.57
239.05
247.36
239.94
240.98
223.37
260.57
262.94
236.94
255.19
245.59
295.02
239.84
239.47
253.04
329.09
265.68
280.11
437.38
255.94
255.39
239.76
230.18
235.96
224.32
235.61
212.76
262.28
249.95
231.39
248.29
236.51
297.19
222.43
222.60
244.65
314.53
258.48
260.87
421.47
273.33
Paper and allied products
Paper mills
26
262
263
13.18
16.14
16.37
13.22
16.22
16.54
13.56
16.70
16.99
13.59
16.80
16.86
13.62 570.69
732.76
726.83
568.46
731.52
744.30
592.57
756.51
778.14
581.65
759.36
773.87
595.19
Paperboard mills
See footnotes at end of table.
105
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Average overtime hours
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
4.4
4.7
3.5
4.7
4.3
3.6
4.6
3.5
4.4
4.9
3.8
4.6
3.9
3.0
4.1
3.5
4.8
5.5
4.1
4.3
4.6
4.2
4.8
4.3
4.4
4.7
3.7
4.5
4.1
3.5
4.2
3.6
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677
42.5
43.2
41.7
42.3
42.1
42.4
41.9
41.5
42.5
43.3
41.7
42.1
41.5
41.2
40.8
41.4
43.0
44.1
42.0
42.2
42.6
42.8
41.9
41.9
41.6
42.3
40.Q
41.5
41.4
41.7
41.2
40.7
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
37.9
32.5
37.5
39.4
39.3
39.6
36.4
39.6
39.5
39.2
40.9
37.6
38.7
38.2
32.9
37.5
38.9
39.0
38.7
36.4
40.0
39.8
40.0
40.6
38.5
39.4
38.0
32.6
36.7
39.5
38.7
40.4
36.6
39.7
39.4
39.8
41.8
39.1
38.8
37.6
32.7
37.2
38.9
39.1
38.8
36.2
39.2
39.1
39.4
40.5
37.8
38.9
38.6
2.8
1.1
2.5
3.2
2.8
3.6
1.9
3.6
3.6
3.3
3.1
1.6
3.8
3.0
1.2
2.4
3.0
3.0
2.9
1.5
3.9
3.7
3.8
3.1
2.0
4.2
3.0
1.0
1.9
3.4
2.7
4.2
1.7
3.9
3.7
3.9
4.3
2.2
3.5
2.9
1.2
2.1
3.0
2.7
3.3
1.9
3.7
3.6
3.8
3.5
2.1
3.8
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products
28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
42.7
44.0
43.7
43.5
44.2
42.8
41.1
40.9
41.4
42.1
40.6
41.5
41.0
44.9
45.5
44.7
44.4
42.5
43.2
44.7
44.7
44.0
45.4
42.6
41.6
41.5
41.3
43.0
40.4
40.9
42.3
45.6
46.3
45.4
44.9
43.1
42.8
43.9
43.6
43.8
44.8
43.1
41.1
41.0
40.7
42.5
40.0
40.2
41.4
45.0
45.2
44.9
45.4
42.6
43.5
287
289
42.8
44.1
43.7
43.7
44.1
43.5
41.1
40.9
41.8
42.7
40.8
41.7
40.9
44.8
44.9
44.7
44.0
42.6
4.6
4.8
4.8
5.4
5.9
4.9
4.0
3.9
3.4
4.9
3.2
2.7
3.0
5.8
7.5
5.4
5.5
4.2
4.5
4.7
4.7
5.5
6.1
4.8
3.7
3.6
3.1
4.2
3.1
2.4
3.2
6.2
8.4
5.7
5.5
4.4
4.6
5.1
5.3
5.5
6.5
4.6
3.7
3.6
3.1
4.3
3.3
2.4
3.6
5.9
8.5
5.3
5.5
4.6
4.7
5.0
5.1
5.8
6.7
5.0
3.8
3.8
3.1
4.4
3.4
2.3
3.6
6.0
8.1
5.5
6.2
4.4
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials
29
291
295
43.9
44.6
42.1
43.3
43.8
41.9
44.1
44.5
43.0
43.4
44.2
40.5
44.5
5.6
5.4
6.8
5.9
5.9
6.3
6.0
6.1
6.1
5.6
5.7
5.4
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee
30
301
302
305
3052
306
308
41.9
45.0
42.2
41.5
41.0
41.9
41.5
41.5
43.9
40.8
42.4
41.7
41.6
41.1
41.9
43.7
41.6
42.2
44.0
41.8
41.7
41.2
43.6
40.3
41.9
43.5
40.8
40.9
42.4
4.3
6.7
3.6
3.8
3.2
3.8
4.1
4.0
6.3
2.8
4.0
3.5
3.5
3.8
4.4
5.2
1.4
4.8
5.0
4.1
4.4
4.3
6.4
1.7
5.1
5.5
4.0
4.1
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods
31
311
39.0
43.8
38.6
38.7
38.6
39.5
38.0
38.4
43.5
37.4
37.8
36.7
39.3
37.5
38.5
43.8
37.9
37.5
38.4
37.6
36.8
37.2
44.7
35.9
34.1
37.7
35.4
35.1
38.2
2.2
6.2
1.6
2.1
1.2
2.7
.7
1.9
5.7
1.2
1.3
1.0
2.3
.7
2.4
6.2
1.9
1.8
2.0
1.4
1.0
2.3
7.1
1.4
1.4
1.1
1.5
.8
39.1
39.2
39.6
39.6
39.7
45.5
45.0
47.5
48.1
2759
276
278
279
2865
2869
314
3143
3144
316
317
Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3
See footnotes at end of table.
106
4011
Mar.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes
1987
SIC
Code
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
$11.09 $11.12 $11.52 $11.44
11.46
11.10
11.05
11.58
11.36
11.08
10.96
11.30
12.02
11.76
11.74
12.11
11.88
11.67
11.72
11.88
13.89
13.37
13.48
13.79
11.07
11.05
10.95
11.16
11.00
10.82
10.81
11.05
Average weekly earnings
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
$471.33
477.36
457.03
496.60
493.41
571.55
458.81
448.62
$472.60
480.63
462.04
495.10
484.31
550.84
450.84
447.95
$495.36
510.68
474.60
511.04
506.09
590.21
467.60
463.00
$475.90
484.76
454.40
498.83
491.83
579.21
456.08
447.70
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279
11.83
11.83
12.91
10.72
10.43
11.06
10.98
12.01
12.10
11.69
12.40
9.21
14.48
11.87
11.86
12.90
10.71
10.50
10.96
11.08
12.07
12.13
11.79
12.46
9.24
14.69
12.07
12.01
13.56
11.24
10.79
11.71
11.26
12.18
12.30
11.80
12.82
9.63
14.64
12.06 $12.14 448.36
11.98
384.48
13.58
484.13
11.04
422.37
10.65
409.90
11.47
437.98
11.38
399.67
12.20
475.60
12.31
477.95
11.79
458.25
12.67
507.16
9.64
346.30
14.69
560.38
453.43
390.19
483.75
416.62
409.50
424.15
403.31
482.80
482.77
471.60
505.88
355.74
578.79
458.66
391.53
497.65
443.98
417.57
473.08
412.12
483.55
484.62
469.64
535.88
376.53
568.03
453.46
391.75
505.18
429.46
416.42
445.04
411.96
478.24
481.32
464.53
513.14
364.39
571.44
$468.60
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products
28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289
14.77
16.23
16.69
15.35
16.16
14.49
14.71
14.75
12.32
15.99
11.28
10.60
12.60
17.39
17.09
17.63
15.14
13.28
14.73
16.22
16.68
15.27
16.17
14.23
14.60
14.61
12.20
15.98
11.24
10.44
12.64
17.48
17.28
17.69
14.94
13.34
15.00
16.69
17.16
15.33
16.84
13.64
14.77
14.78
12.57
16.05
11.65
11.09
12.83
17.75
17.77
17.89
15.07
13.78
15.05
16.71
17.16
15.30
16.85
13.62
14.81
14.83
12.58
16.32
11.50
11.04
12.91
17.90
17.72
18.09
15.08
13.85
15.03 632.16
715.74
729.35
670.80
712.66
630.32
604.58
603.28
514.98
682.77
460.22
442.02
515.34
779.07
767.34
788.06
666.16
565.73
628.97
713.68
728.92
664.25
714.71
609.04
600.06
597.55
505.08
672.76
456.34
433.26
518.24
784.85
786.24
790.74
663.34
566.95
648.00
746.04
767.05
674.52
764.54
581.06
614.43
613.37
519.14
690.15
470.66
453.58
542.71
809.40
822.75
812.21
676.64
593.92
644.14
733.57
748.18
670.14
754.88
587.02
608.69
608.03
512.01
693.60
460.00
443.81
534.47
805.50
800.94
812.24
684.63
590.01
653.81
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials
29
291
295
18.42
20.03
13.06
18.67
20.36
13.51
18.86
20.54
13.39
19.28
21.01
13.59
19.53 808.64
893.34
549.83
808.41
891.77
566.07
831.73
914.03
575.77
836.75
928.64
550.40
869.09
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee
30
301
302
305
3052
306
308
10.54
17.34
7.33
10.36
10.43
9.83
9.77
10.49
17.23
7.35
10.39
10.51
9.80
9.74
10.73
17.71
7.94
10.78
11.14
10.26
9.96
10.75
17.99
8.04
10.80
11.21
10.21
9.95
10.72 441.63
780.30
309.33
429.94
427.63
411.88
405.46
435.34
756.40
299.88
440.54
438.27
407.68
400.31
449.59
773.93
330.30
454.92
490.16
428.87
415.33
442.90
784.36
324.01
452.52
487.64
416.57
406.96
454.53
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods
31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317
7.49
9.73
7.03
7.62
6.44
7.84
6.77
7.50
9.66
7.10
7.65
6.55
7.77
6.73
7.88
10.35
7.41
8.01
6.85
7.74
7.08
7.92
10.41
7.38
7.92
6.90
7.97
7.13
7.98 292.11
426.17
271.36
294.89
248.58
309.68
257.26
288.00
420.21
265.54
289.17
240.39
305.36
252.38
303.38
453.33
280.84
300.38
263.04
291.02
260.54
294.62
465.33
264.94
270.07
260.13
282.14
250.26
304.84
13.60
13.63
13.84
13.87
13.88 531.76
534.30
548.06
549.25
551.04
17.23
16.73
17.08
17.02
783.97
752.85
811.30
818.66
Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3
4011
See footnotes at end of table.
107
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation
1987
SIC
Code
41
411
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
413
33.1
37.9
39.5
33.1
37.9
37.0
33.5
38.1
38.9
33.4
38.0
40.9
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage
42
421
422
37.9
37.8
39.5
38.1
37.9
39.6
38.5
38.4
39.4
37.9
37.8
39.0
Water transportation:
Water transportation services
449
37.1
36.4
36.3
36.2
Pipelines, except natural gas
46
41.0
40.2
44.9
42.8
Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement
47
472
4724
473
36.8
36.1
35.9
37.4
36.8
36.0
35.9
37.5
37.5
36.5
36.4
38.5
36.9
35.8
35.8
38.3
Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services
48
4813
483
484
39.3
40.8
40.8
34.5
38.8
39.3
40.8
40.8
34.5
38.8
39.3
40.8
40.7
34.9
38.5
39.2
40.8
40.9
34.2
38.6
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
49
491
492
493
495
41.5
41.2
41.7
42.3
42.0
42.6
42.8
42.1
43.7
42.2
43.0
42.6
43.6
44.0
42.9
42.9
43.1
43.2
43.3
42.1
37.9
37.8
38.2
37.9
38.5
38.5
36.8
38.7
38.7
37.3
40.1
38.0
38.3
39.1
37.2
38.4
38.4
37.0
38.9
38.5
37.2
40.0
38.2
38.4
39.0
36.9
38.9
38.2
37.3
39.1
39.4
38.9
40.9
38.8
38.8
39.4
36.9
38.5
37.9
36.7
38.4
39.0
38.1
40.5
38.2
38.2
39.1
37.0
37.1
36.0
37.6
36.5
37.9
34.2
39.6
37.3
36.3
36.4
36.9
35.8
36.7
36.4
38.0
34.2
39.7
36.8
36.8
36.0
37.3
37.0
37.5
36.0
38.0
34.4
39.9
38.3
36.4
36.6
37.0
36.1
37.0
35.7
38.0
34.0
39.5
37.8
36.5
36.4
28.2
27.8
28.2
28.1
35.5
37.5
35.6
31.3
32.8
35.7
37.3
36.4
32.0
32.6
35.3
37.0
35.7
31.5
32.5
27.7
27.7
27.8
27.8
27.7
27.8
481
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
507
508
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
51
509
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
52
521
523
525
526
35.5
37.4
35.8
31.5
32.7
General merchandise stores
Department stores
53
531
27.6
27.6
See footnotes at end of table.
108
Average overtime hours
Mar.
1994P
38.1
28.5
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation
1987
SIC
Code
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Average weekly earnings
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
41
411
413
$9.98
10.75
12.90
$9.90 $10.07 $10.15
10.75
10.86
10.67
12.75
12.97
13.31
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage
42
421
422
12.24
12.42
9.98
12.26
12.45
9.95
12.45
12.65
10.00
12.44
12.63
9.99
463.90
469.48
394.21
467.11
471.86
394.02
479.33
485.76
394.00
471.48
477.41
389.61
Water transportation:
Water transportation services
449
17.85
17.19
18.32
18.55
662.24
625.72
665.02
671.51
Pipelines, except natural gas
46
19.22
19.19
19.91
19.97
788.02
771.44
893.96
854.72
Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement
47
472
4724
473
10.93
10.07
9.96
12.17
10.99
10.14
10.04
12.22
11.27
10.34
10.28
12.64
11.38
10.55
10.56
12.64
402.22
363.53
357.56
455.16
404.43
365.04
360.44
458.25
422.63
377.41
374.19
486.64
419.92
377.69
378.05
484.11
Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services
48
481
4813
483
484
14.82
15.58
15.77
13.98
11.23
14.75
15.46
15.63
14.00
11.37
15.17
15.83
16.09
14.74
11.78
15.11
15.85
16.11
14.41
11.63
582.43
635.66
643.42
482.31
435.72
579.68
630.77
637.70
483.00
441.16
596.18
645.86
654.86
514.43
453.53
592.31
646.68
658.90
492.82
448.92
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
49
491
492
493
495
16.55
17.07
16.20
19.47
12.13
16.81
17.51
16.15
19.85
12.02
17.17
17.70
16.83
20.63
12.12
17.32
18.06
16.91
20.46
12.11
686.83
703.28
675.54
823.58
509.46
716.11
749.43
679.92
867.45
507.24
738.31
754.02
733.79
907.72
519.95
743.03
778.39
730.51
885.92
509.83
11.61
11.59
11.94
11.92 $11.86 440.02
438.10
456.11
451.77
Wholesale trade
$330.34 $327.69 $337.35 $339.01
407.43 404.39 409.58 412.68
509.55 471.75 504.53 544.38
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
507
508
509
11.92
10.49
10.64
11.03
14.25
12.97
12.01
12.40
11.19
11.82
9.44
11.91
10.50
10.66
11.06
14.27
12.98
12.02
12.31
11.20
11.77
9.43
12.34
10.81
10.83
11.39
14.89
13.33
12.25
12.84
11.66
12.31
9.73
12.28
10.82
10.86
11.26
14.74
13.14
12.30
12.83
11.62
12.20
9.77
458.92
403.87
391.55
426.86
551.48
483.78
481.60
471.20
428.58
462.16
351.17
457.34
403.20
394.42
430.23
549.40
482.86
480.80
470.24
430.08
459.03
347.97
480.03
412.94
403.96
445.35
586.67
518.54
501.03
498.19
452.41
485.01
359.04
472.78
410.08
398.56
432.38
574.86
500.63
498.15
490.11
443.88
477.02
361.49
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
51
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
11.19
11.71
13.46
11.00
11.37
8.30
13.30
10.60
12.77
9.48
11.16
11.75
13.28
10.99
11.38
8.32
13.08
10.48
12.82
9.43
11.38
11.85
13.47
11.14
11.67
8.53
13.15
10.84
12.92
9.64
11.42
11.86
13.73
11.18
11.68
8.61
13.07
10.86
12.84
9.73
415.15
421.56
506.10
401.50
430.92
283.86
526.68
395.38
463.55
345.07
411.80
420.65
487.38
400.04
432.44
284.54
519.28
385.66
471.78
339.48
424.47
438.45
505.13
401.04
443.46
293.43
524.69
415.17
470.29
352.82
422.54
428.15
508.01
399.13
443.84
292.74
516.27
410.51
468.66
354.17
7.26
7.28
7.45
7.45
7.44 204.73
202.38
210.09
209.35
Retail trade
Mar.
1994P
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
52
521
523
525
526
8.62
8.97
9.18
7.41
7.60
8.63
8.99
9.16
7.46
7.53
8.79
9.08
9.39
7.61
7.92
8.79
9.07
9.46
7.63
7.84
306.01
335.48
328.64
233.42
248.52
306.37
337.13
326.10
233.50
246.98
313.80
338.68
341.80
243.52
258.19
310.29
335.59
337.72
240.35
254.80
General merchandise stores
Department stores
53
531
7.32
7.34
7.33
7.34
7.42
7.39
7.45
7.40
202.03
202.58
203.04
203.32
206.28
205.44
206.37
205.72
$451.87
212.04
See footnotes at end of table.
109
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores—Continued
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
533
539
26.8
28.2
27.0
27.6
27.5
28.3
26.8
27.9
Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries
54
541
546
29.2
29.3
28.4
28.9
29.0
27.8
29.1
29.3
27.8
29.0
29.2
28.3
Automotive dealers and service stations ...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee
55
551
553
554
559
35.7
37.1
37.4
33.1
34.0
35.6
37.0
37.3
32.8
33.3
35.8
37.2
36.9
33.3
34.7
35.3
36.8
36.7
32.6
34.3
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
25.2
28.8
22.6
26.3
25.8
25.2
28.3
22.7
26.4
25.4
24.9
28.3
22.0
25.6
26.2
24.8
27.8
22.3
25.5
25.6
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...
57
571
572
573
5731
5735
32.6
32.8
33.1
32.2
32.2
26.7
32.4
32.6
33.0
32.0
31.6
26.7
33.1
32.9
34.2
33.1
32.8
29.2
32.6
32.4
33.0
32.7
32.3
28.8
Eating and drinking places4
58
24.6
24.0
24.5
24.5
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
59
29.5
27.9
31.6
27.3
33.1
39.3
31.5
29.0
27.6
31.8
27.0
32.9
38.3
30.0
29.4
28.2
32.2
27.3
33.6
41.8
30.2
29.4
27.5
31.6
27.1
33.7
40.6
31.7
35.7
35.5
36.3
35.8
34.7
34.5
35.0
34.1
35.4
35.6
35.5
36.1
35.1
36.0
35.0
34.8
35.3
34.4
35.6
591
593
594
596
598
599
Finance, insurance, and real estate5
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee ...
Credit unions
60
602
6022
6021,5
606
35.1
34.9
35.4
34.5
35.4
Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
61
614
37.1
37.3
37.0
37.4
38.5
38.0
37.6
37.9
Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services
628
36.3
36.2
37.1
36.4
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
63
631
632
6324
633
37.9
37.8
38.7
38.7
37.4
37.8
37.6
38.6
38.5
37.4
38.4
37.8
39.0
38.9
37.9
38.0
37.7
38.8
38.8
37.7
32.3
32.3
32.6
32.3
Services
Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services
07
074
078
31.8
28.7
33.4
32.4
28.4
34.4
32.2
28.3
34.1
31.5
28.0
33.2
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4
701
30.6
30.3
30.2
30.6
See footnotes at end of table.
110
Average overtime hours
Mar.
1994P
35.7
32.4
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores—Continued
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores
1987
SIC
Code
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Average weekly earnings
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
533
539
$6.51
7.75
$6.52
7.81
$6.93
8.01
$7.07
8.22
Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries
54
541
546
7.77
7.85
6.80
7.82
7.91
6.88
7.89
7.98
6.99
7.92
8.01
7.02
226.88
230.01
193.12
226.00
229.39
191.26
229.60
233.81
194.32
229.68
233.89
198.67
Automotive dealers and service stations...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee
55
551
553
554
559
9.41
11.62
8.22
6.59
10.43
9.41
11.62
8.24
6.58
10.67
9.73
12.06
8.40
6.76
10.49
9.80
12.15
8.41
6.75
10.89
335.94
431.10
307.43
218.13
354.62
335.00
429.94
307.35
215.82
355.31
348.33
448.63
309.96
225.11
364.00
345.94
447.12
308.65
220.05
373.53
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
7.03
8.55
6.71
6.79
7.20
7.01
8.35
6.72
6.79
7.17
7.21
8.67
6.82
7.07
7.35
7.19
8.40
6.84
6.96
7.48
177.16
246.24
151.65
178.58
185.76
176.65
236.31
152.54
179.26
182.12
179.53
245.36
150.04
180.99
192.57
178.31
233.52
152.53
177.48
191.49
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...
57
571
572
573
5731
5735
9.33
9.11
9.82
9.54
9.24
5.78
9.30
9.13
9.55
9.49
9.17
5.82
9.68
9.57
9.88
9.78
9.72
6.00
9.64
9.49
9.84
9.82
9.80
5.96
304.16
298.81
325.04
307.19
297.53
154.33
301.32
297.64
315.15
303.68
289.77
155.39
320.41
314.85
337.90
323.72
318.82
175.20
314.26
307.48
324.72
321.11
316.54
171.65
Eating and drinking places4
58
5.34
5.34
5.43
5.42
131.36
128.16
133.04
132.79
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
59
591
593
594
596
598
599
7.88
7.99
6.72
7.22
8.38
11.22
8.00
7.93
8.02
6.67
7.26
8.43
11.16
8.15
8.21
8.27
6.88
7.62
8.78
11.85
8.27
8.21
8.33
6.82
7.64
8.75
11.79
8.17
232.46
222.92
212.35
197.11
277.38
440.95
252.00
229.97
221.35
212.11
196.02
277.35
427.43
244.50
241.37
233.21
221.54
208.03
295.01
495.33
249.75
241.37
229.08
215.51
207.04
294.88
478.67
258.99
11.19
11.17
11.74
11.71 $11.67 399.48
396.54
426.16
419.22
9.12
8.69
8.53
8.81
8.99
9.09
8.64
8.51
8.73
8.95
9.33
8.91
8.73
9.04
9.31
9.38
9.02
8.74
9.21
9.28
320.11
303.28
301.96
303.95
318.25
315.42
298.08
297.85
297.69
316.83
332.15
316.31
315.15
317.30
335.16
328.30
313.90
308.52
316.82
330.37
Finance, insurance, and real estate5
$174.47 $176.04 $190.58 $189.48
218.55 215.56 226.68 229.34
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee ...
Credit unions
60
602
6022
6021,9
606
Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
61
614
11.76
9.81
11.65
9.69
12.85
10.12
12.43
9.86
436.30
365.91
431.05
362.41
494.73
384.56
467.37
373.69
Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services
628
16.05
15.79
16.03
15.94
582.62
571.60
594.71
580.22
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
63
631
632
6324
633
12.85
11.79
12.51
12.75
13.85
12.86
11.86
12.54
12.87
13.81
13.67
13.06
13.13
13.48
14.34
13.65
13.13
12.93
13.22
14.47
487.02
445.66
484.14
493.43
517.99
486.11
445.94
484.04
495.50
516.49
524.93
493.67
512.07
524.37
543.49
518.70
495.00
501.68
512.94
545.52
10.83
10.81
11.09
11.08
11.06 349.81
349.16
361.53
357.88
Services
Mar.
1994P
Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services
07
074
078
8.60
8.13
8.94
8.54
8.10
8.83
8.80
8.28
9.12
8.77
8.31
9.09
273.48
233.33
298.60
276.70
230.04
303.75
283.36
234.32
310.99
276.26
232.68
301.79
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4
701
7.59
7.52
7.79
7.72
232.25
227.86
235.26
236.23
$416.62
358.34
See footnotes at end of table.
111
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Services—Continued
Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
721
723
729
33.5
28.5
27.1
33.2
28.1
22.9
33.1
27.7
21.8
33.2
27.7
28.3
Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Heavy construction equipment rental
,
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
73
731
33.0
36.7
33.0
36.6
33.2
37.0
32.7
36.6
7334
734
735
7353
37.1
28.4
38.0
38.9
37.6
28.4
38.2
39.2
37.2
28.7
38.8
39.0
37.7
28.5
38.6
38.5
7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382
31.5
38.4
38.7
38.2
38.1
38.8
33.2
33.5
37.6
31.6
38.1
38.6
38.1
37.8
38.9
33.2
33.6
36.7
31.7
38.4
38.3
39.0
38.1
39.6
33.5
34.0
36.1
31.1
37.7
38.3
38.3
35.7
39.4
33.0
33.6
35.8
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes
75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
754
7542
35.7
37.2
36.1
33.3
37.7
36.9
37.6
29.7
26.5
36.0
37.3
36.1
33.1
37.9
37.0
37.9
30.5
27.9
36.2
36.5
35.6
34.0
38.4
37.3
38.5
30.5
27.8
35.8
36.8
36.0
34.2
38.0
37.0
38.0
29.4
26.5
Miscellaneous repair services
76
37.5
37.6
37.8
37.7
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
78
781
28.5
37.6
28.2
37.5
28.8
38.8
29.0
38.9
Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs
79
793
799
7991
7997
26.5
24.9
25.7
18.2
27.8
26.1
24.5
25.3
18.3
27.1
26.1
24.6
25.4
18.4
27.5
25.8
24.6
25.0
18.1
27.5
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners ..
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services
80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
808
32.7
32.2
28.1
29.4
31.9
31.1
34.5
27.5
32.6
32.0
28.3
29.2
31.8
31.0
34.6
27.5
33.0
32.5
28.4
30.3
32.6
31.8
34.8
28.3
32.6
32.2
27.8
29.8
31.7
30.9
34.6
28.1
Legal services
81
34.6
34.5
35.4
34.7
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee
83
832
833
835
836
839
31.1
32.0
30.1
29.6
31.7
32.0
30.9
31.8
30.0
29.4
31.5
31.8
31.4
32.3
30.9
29.3
32.3
32.0
30.9
31.6
30.5
29.2
31.6
31.8
Membership organizations:
Professional organizations
862
34.8
34.5
35.8
35.1
See footnotes at end of table.
112
Average overtime hours
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Services—Continued
Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services
1987
SIC
Code
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Average weekly earnings
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
721
723
729
$7.25
7.60
6.96
$7.28
7.66
7.30
$7.33
7.85
7.35
$7.33
7.92
6.94
$242.88 $241.70 $242.62 $243.36
216.60 215.25 217.45 219.38
188.62 167.17 160.23 196.40
Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Heavy construction equipment rental
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
73
731
10.12
14.73
10.08
14.74
10.36
15.51
10.38
15.35
333.96
540.59
332.64
539.48
343.95
573.87
339.43
561.81
9.57
7.30
9.58
7.33
9.75
7.44
9.75
10.57
13.73
10.69
13.96
10.84
14.06
355.05
207.32
401.66
534.10
360.21
208.17
408.36
547.23
362.70
213.53
420.59
548.34
367.58
211.19
417.65
540.16
8.39
16.09
18.73
8.32
16.11
18.52
16.55
16.76
8.49
16.89
19.80
17.65
14.10
13.71
8.60
6.70
10.52
14.55
13.56
8.59
10.76
8.43
16.82
19.44
17.80
14.29
13.78
8.79
6.85
11.12
264.29
617.86
724.85
632.21
537.21
531.95
285.52
224.45
395.55
262.91
613.79
714.87
638.56
549.99
527.48
285.19
227.14
394.89
267.23
645.89
744.55
694.20
544.45
545.69
294.47
232.90
401.43
264.04
636.75
758.34
676.00
511.22
542.93
289.08
230.83
392.73
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes
75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
754
7542
9.28
9.39
8.35
6.87
10.17
10.85
10.18
7.05
9.25
9.25
9.44
9.20
9.49
8.24
8.31
331.30
349.31
301.44
228.77
383.41
400.37
382.77
209.39
161.39
333.00
345.03
297.46
229.05
385.82
399.60
385.82
213.50
168.52
341.73
335.80
295.84
236.64
402.05
412.54
403.10
214.72
173.19^
339.74
340.77
303.12
232.56
399.76
412.55
398.62
.210.21
164.83
Miscellaneous repair services
7334
734
735
7353
7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382
6.76
7.41
10.82
14.03
14.32
13.78
8.76
6.87
10.97
6.92
6.96
10.18
6.09
10.18
7.00
6.04
10.47
11.06
10.47
7.04
6.23
9.26
8.42
6.80
10.52
11.15
10.49
7.15
6.22
76
10.90
10.96
11.25
11.23
408.75
412.10
425.25
423.37
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
78
781
13.30
19.58
13.18
19.38
12.82
18.94
14.07
20.69
379.05
736.21
371.68
726.75
369.22
734.87
408.03
804.84
Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs
79
793
799
8.75
6.46
8.06
8.02
8.16
8.75
6.50
8.12
7.90
8.22
8.96
6.59
8.31
8.06
8.40
8.89
6.57
8.32
8.00
8.40
231.88
160.85
207.14
145.96
226.85
228.38
159.25
205.44
144.57
222.76
233.86
162.11
211.07
148.30
231.00
229.36
161.62
208.00
144.80
231.00
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners .
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services
80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
808
11.69
11.69
11.71
11.24
10.24
8.04
7.47
13.39
10.34
11.74
11.99
12.15
11.23
10.18
8.07
7.48
13.38
10.35
12.00
12.14
11.73
10.60
8.35
7.81
13.73
10.56
13.68
10.58
382.26
377.06
315.84
301.06
256.48
232.32
461.96
284.35
381.09
375.68
317.81
297.26
256.63
231.88
462.95
284.63
396.00
394.55
333.13
321.18
272.21
248.36
477.80
298.85
390.87
391.23
326.93
316.18
265.01
239.78
473.33
297.30
Legal services
81
15.25
15.15
15.63
15.54
527.65
522.68
553.30
539.24
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee
83
832
833
835
836
839
7.80
8.30
7.68
6.61
7.99
8.85
7.79
8.29
7.64
6.60
7.99
8.86
8.10
8.70
8.02
6.78
8.21
9.26
8.05
8.59
7.97
6.76
8.22
9.20
242.58
265.60
231.17
195.66
253.28
283.20
240.71
263.62
229.20
194.04
251.69
281.75
254.34
281.01
247.82
198.65
265.18
296.32
248.75
271.44
243.09
197.39
259.75
292.56
862
14.58
14.51
15.45
15.41
507.38
500.60
553.11
540.89
Membership organizations:
Professional organizations
7991
7997
10.80
11.76
10.61
8.36
7.76
Mar.
1994P
See footnotes at end of table.
113
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Services—Continued
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Public relations services
Services, nee
See footnotes at end of table.
114
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8743
37.4
39.0
39.3
38.3
37.3
38.4
36.3
39.0
29.4
35.8
35.4
33.5
37.3
38.7
39.0
37.8
37.2
38.8
36.4
39.3
29.3
35.9
35.2
32.9
37.4
38.9
39.1
38.8
37.6
37.6
36.6
39.1
30.3
36.4
35.9
32.1
37.3
38.7
38.9
38.6
36.9
38.2
36.5
39.0
30.4
36.2
35.5
31.9
89
36.5
36.9
36.9
35.5
Average overtime hours
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Services—Continued
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Public relations services
Services, nee
1987
SIC
Code
87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8743
89
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
$14.94 $14.87 $15.43 $15.29
16.29
16.30
16.46
16.55
16.88
16.87
17.10
17.20
14.95
15.05
15.01
15.13
11.43
11.45
11.75
11.74
12.88
12.89
13.03
13.35
15.95
16.08
16.63
16.58
17.90
18.12
18.83
18.66
12.50
12.57
12.50
12.86
17.59
17.68
18.39
18.24
13.69
13.82
14.41
14.51
13.91
14.18
13.51
13.72
15.91
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table B-15a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and
guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing.
3
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
Mar.
1993
15.84
16.08
16.24
Average weekly earnings
Mar.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
$558.76
635.70
662.99
576.42
427.09
494.98
583.70
706.68
369.56
632.94
489.23
475.03
$554.65
630.42
658.32
565.11
425.20
499.74
580.58
703.47
366.25
631.48
481.89
457.64
$577.08
643.80
672.52
587.04
441.42
501.96
606.83
729.61
389.66
663.94
520.91
440.41
$570.32
637.00
665.19
579.39
433.58
497.75
607.00
734.37
380.00
665.72
511.56
430.97
580.72
584.50
593.35
576.52
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
4
Money payments only; tips, not included.
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are subject to
revision.
5
115
A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missiles
and Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing
For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics average
hourly earning series for production workers in aircraft
manufacturing (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space
vehicles manufacturing (SIC 3761) have been used to
escalate labor costs in contracts between aerospace
companies and their customers. Although the Bureau's
series by definition take account of traditional wage rate
changes, they do not capture "lump-sum payments to
workers in lieu of general wage increases" which were
negotiated in aerospace manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
Because of special circumstances in the aerospace
industry, BLS has calculated average hourly earnings
series for SIC 3721 and SIC 3761 which include lump-sum
payments. These series, beginning in October 1983, the
effective date of the first aerospace bargaining agreement
using lump-sum payments, were published in the June
1988 issue of Employment and Earnings. Current and year
earlier data are presented in table C-2a along with the
average hourly earnings series produced as part of the
Current Employment Statistics program. An explanation
of the methodology used to derive these series appears in
the Explanatory Notes of this publication.
B-15a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing
Aircraft (SIC 3721)
Series
Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
Jan.
1993
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Jan.
1993
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Average hourly earnings,
excluding lump-sum payments
$18.10
$18.18
$18.95
$19.21
$17.15
$17.35
$18.13
$18.11
Average hourly earnings,
including lump-sum payments
18.87
18.92
18.98
19.29
17.17
17.37
18.26
18.26
= preliminary.
116
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-16. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
$11.11
$11.14
$11.39
$11.44
$11.40
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
11.66
11.67
11.95
9.09
8.83
11.10
13.02
11.05
11.99
10.64
14.83
11.72
9.04
8.82
11.11
11.06
11.97
10.66
14.89
11.76
11.93
9.29
9.07
11.33
13.26
11.26
12.20
10.88
15.36
12.02
11.99
9.09
8.99
9.23
9.23
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
10.40
10.44
9.85
16.85
8.40
10.67
10.05
16.48
8.58
10.70
Industry
Manufacturing
1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
9.80
16.21
8.39
6.88
12.47
11.41
14.03
17.32
10.03
7.28
13.03
6.90
12.52
11.43
7.06
12.81
11.61
13.99
17.49
14.25
10.01
7.32
10.20
7.65
17.67
9.28
9.13
11.35
13.33
11.29
12.23
10.94
15.40
12.04
$10.67
10.03
17.55
8.61
7.07
12.86
11.62
14.26
18.12
10.21
7.68
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are
subject to revision.
117
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-17. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
Average hourly earnings
Industry
Average weekly earnings
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
$10.77
7.42
$10.79
7.41
$11.06
7.46
$11.06
7.44
$11.05
$367.26 $366.86 $379.36 $376.04 $380.12
252.93 251.96 255.98 253.06
Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
14.60
10.06
14.71
10.10
15.05
10.16
14.84
9.99
$14.85
(2)
635.10
437.40
631.06
433.42
663.71
447.85
647.02
435.41
$654.89
Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
|
i 14.11
j 9.72
14.27
9.80
14.38
9.70
14.43
9.71
$14.42
517.84
356.64
533.70
366.55
532.06
359.01
519.48
349.58
$550.84
Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
j
I 11.62
8.00
11.64
7.99
11.97
8.08
12.02
8.09
$12.01
(2)
477.58
328.91
476.08
326.98
496.76
335.20
491.62
330.83
$503.22
Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
13.60
9.37
13.63
9.36
13.84
9.34
13.87
9.33
$13.88
531.76
366.23
534.30
366.96
548.06
369.81
549.25
369.62
$551.04
Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
11.61
8.00
11.59
7.96
11.94
8.06
11.92
8.02
$11.86
440.02
303.04
438.10
300.89
456.11
307.77
451.77
304.02
$451.87
Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
7.26
5.00
7.28
5.00
7.45
5.03
7.45
5.01
$7.44
204.73
141.00
202.38
139.00
210.09
141.76
209.35
140.88
$212.04
Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
11.19
7.71
11.17
7.67
11.74
7.92
11.71
7.88
$11.67
399.48
275.12
396.54
272.35
426.16
287.56
419.22
282.11
$416.62
Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
10.83
7.46
10.81
7.42
11.09
7.48
11.08
7.46
$11.06
349.81
240.92
349.16
239.81
361.53
243.95
357.88
240.83
$358.34
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
118
Feb.
1993
Mar.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Mar.
1994P
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are subject to
revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994?
Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile
40.8
41.6
42.8
41.2
42.7
41.4
Alaska
53.1
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
$10.78
11.39
12.93
$416.16
451.36
536.28
$441.25
485.07
543.58
$438.75
472.69
528.84
11.46
9.19
493.30
396.52
571.62
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
40.7
41.5
40.9
$10.20
10.85
12.53
$10.71
11.36
13.13
34.6
62.2
9.29
Arizona
40.2
41.6
41.4
10.96
11.14
11.13
440.59
463.42
460.78
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
40.9
41.9
40.4
41.3
42.2
41.2
39.6
40.3
41.2
41.4
37.8
39.3
38.1
36.2
38.7
9.20
9.17
9.54
10.04
10.69
9.56
9.57
9.83
10.43
10.43
9.68
9.54
9.86
10.53
10.51
376.28
384.22
385.42
414.65
451.12
393.87
378.97
396.15
429.72
431.80
365.90
374.92
375.67
381.19
406.74
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
40.4
39.1
39.7
41.3
39.7
39.6
40.4
39.8
39.3
38.5
39.9
40.0
40.9
41.5
38.9
40.9
39.4
41.0
40.9
41.2
41.9
41.0
39.6
41.0
41.0
41.4
40.2
38.8
40.1
39.1
41.1
39.4
38.9
41.9
39.7
40.9
41.0
40.7
40.5
41.9
39.6
40.7
40.7
40.7
39.6
39.6
39.8
39.5
41.5
39.2
39.5
41.4
41.3
41.2
12.22
12.74
10.22
11.38
11.94
14.22
12.06
11.19
12.83
12.54
12.37
13.31
14.86
12.89
13.20
12.10
14.30
11.59
12.49
12.53
10.54
11.73
12.09
14.79
12.41
11.40
13.08
12.82
12.40
13.71
15.04
13.30
13.70
12.41
14.39
11.81
12.42
12.39
10.55
11.63
12.10
14.85
12.40
11.23
13.25
12.70
12.30
13.57
14.94
13.03
13.63
12.37
14.41
11.80
493.69
498.13
405.73
469.99
474.02
563.11
487.22
445.36
504.22
482.79
493.56
532.40
607.77
534.94
513.48
494.89
563.42
475.19
510.84
516.24
441.63
480.93
478.76
606.39
508.81
471.96
525.82
497.42
497.24
536.06
618.14
524.02
532.93
519.98
571.28
483.03
509.22
504.27
427.28
487.30
479.16
604.40
504.68
457.06
524.70
502.92
489.54
536.02
620.01
510.78
538.39
512.12
595.13
486.16
Colorado
Denver
40.7
40.9
41.5
42.2
41.3
41.3
11.75
12.78
12.24
12.81
12.09
12.47
478.23
522.70
507.96
540.58
499.32
515.01
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
41.5
42.4
40.7
39.9
43.7
43.3
42.8
43.0
43.8
41.2
41.7
43.1
39.8
37.2
41.0
37.7
41.5
40.9
12.79
13.21
14.11
12.44
13.17
11.48
13.38
13.69
13.93
13.11
13.14
11.91
13.48
13.52
14.15
13.02
12.93
12.14
530.79
560.10
574.28
496.36
575.53
497.08
572.66
588.67
610.13
540.13
547.94
513.32
536.50
502.94
580.15
490.85
536.60
496.53
Delaware
Wilmington-Newark
40.2
41.1
43.1
44.0
41.8
43.6
12.78
15.14
13.77
16.05
15.41
15.92
513.76
622.25
593.49
706.20
644.14
694.11
39.5
38.8
38.1
13.21
13.18
13.40
521.80
511.38
510.54
41.4
41.5
41.1
9.70
9.88
9.96
401.58
410.02
409.36
41.4
40.9
44.6
41.9
41.2
44.9
41.8
41.6
45.5
9.96
11.00
13.28
10.21
11.25
13.27
10.21
11.31
13.09
412.34
449.90
592.29
427.80
463.50
595.82
426.78
470.50
595.60
38.4
38.7
38.8
37.0
39.0
37.8
11.87
12.33
12.15
12.60
12.08
12.51
455.81
477.17
471.42
466.20
471.12
472.88
38.9
40.4
39.2
11.79
11.92
12.01
458.63
481.57
470.79
41.4
41.0
40.3
40.9
40.6
42.6
40.6
42.4
41.7
38.4
41.4
40.1
40.2
41.7
41.7
43.7
41.5
41.8
41.1
40.1
41.5
40.0
40.4
41.8
41.9
42.9
42.3
41.7
41.5
40.0
12.00
15.39
10.57
12.12
13.95
14.94
12.29
14.84
13.05
11.48
12.14
15.56
10.62
12.13
13.92
15.30
13.09
15.21
13.16
11.74
12.15
15.52
10.54
12.14
14.00
15.24
13.05
15.30
13.03
11.75
496.80
630.99
425.97
495.71
566.37
636.44
498.97
629.22
544.19
440.83
502.60
623.96
426.92
505.82
580.46
668.61
543.24
635.78
540.88
470.77
504.23
620.80
425.82
507.45
586.60
653.80
552.02
638.01
540.75
470.00
42.2
39.2
39.1
44.4
40.6
42.8
41.4
39.7
42.5
42.7
43.0
46.0
40.3
42.0
43.4
12.98
11.86
10.58
13.15
12.92
13.39
11.95
11.16
13.46
13.96
13.23
12.90
10.88
13.24
13.59
547.76
464.91
413.68
583.86
524.55
573.09
494.73
443.05
572.05
596.09
568.89
593.40
438.46
556.08
589.81
District of Columbia:
Washington PMSA
Florida
Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah
Hawaii
Honolulu
Idaho
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
See footnotes at end of table.
119
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
19940
Indiana-Continued
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
43.7
41.7
44.0
39.2
42.9
41.4
43.0
42.9
43.1
47.7
41.4
44.7
42.4
43.2
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City
40.9
41.1
41.7
40.2
39.5
Kansas
Topeka
Wichita
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
$16.42
14.64
18.42
13.63
14.35
12.09
13.43
$753.83
608.82
779.24
511.95
616.47
486.86
562.44
$754.61
630.12
881.02
574.63
658.88
519.82
564.62
$663.37
641.23
863.90
558.83
641.45
502.94
592.26
12.44
15.18
13.05
12.54
10.24
12.54
14.83
13.28
12.66
10.32
493.66
593.90
530.42
503.71
385.52
519.99
634.52
535.05
504.11
425.98
521.66
619.89
563.07
512.73
410.74
11.99
13.85
13.88
11.97
14.54
13.94
12.00
13.64
13.74
493.99
587.24
576.02
494.36
633.94
572.93
495.60
581.06
552.35
39.8
40.8
42.5
11.35
11.98
13.00
11.64
12.48
13.32
11.96
12.65
13.84
455.14
493.58
526.50
470.26
527.90
546.12
476.01
516.12
588.20
42.1
43.2
43.4
40.5
41.3
43.6
43.0
38.8
12.48
14.56
12.79
13.27
12.83
15.28
13.10
14.10
12.92
15.46
13.24
13.84
531.65
643.55
541.02
558.67
540.14
660.10
568.54
571.05
533.60
674.06
569.32
536.99
40.1
38.4
38.1
41.0
41.6
38.2
40.9
40.7
39.3
11.54
9.83
10.47
11.77
9.87
11.06
11.76
9.88
10.57
462.75
377.47
398.91
482.57
410.59
422.49
480.98
402.12
415.40
Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
40.6
40.9
40.9
41.4
39.3
39.7
12.72
13.37
12.96
13.57
13.08
13.68
516.43
546.83
530.06
561.80
514.04
543.10
Massachusetts
Boston
Springfield
Worcester
41.2
40.5
42.5
41.2
41.4
40.9
42.0
40.9
40.7
40.2
42.0
40.4
12.29
12.81
12.56
11.21
12.47
12.91
12.57
11.58
12.51
12.90
12.62
11.66
506.35
518.81
533.80
461.85
516.26
528.02
527.94
473.62
509.16
518.58
530.04
471.06
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
42.0
43.1
44.2
40.6
41.4
42.5
43.3
38.5
42.8
44.2
45.8
45.9
45.3
43.0
42.8
43.3
41.8
43.5
44.3
45.5
46.2
45.3
42.6
43.4
43.8
41.5
43.4
15.00
15.47
16.16
19.06
12.76
11.01
14.48
15.17
17.31
15.92
16.72
17.15
21.24
13.09
11.42
15.06
17.61
18.21
15.97
17.16
21.35
13.19
11.38
15.13
17.66
18.44
630.00
666.76
714.27
773.84
528.26
467.92
626.98
584.04
740.87
703.66
765.78
787.18
962.17
562.87
488.78
652.10
736.10
792.13
707.47
759.39
792.79
967.15
561.89
493.89
662.69
732.89
800.30
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud
41.1
40.9
40.8
40.0
41.4
40.5
41.6
41.3
41.4
38.7
41.5
41.0
12.13
11.57
12.86
10.81
12.51
11.59
13.20
11.39
12.53
11.45
13.23
11.44
498.54
473.21
524.69
432.40
517.91
469.40
549.12
470.41
518.74
443.12
549.05
469.04
Mississippi
Jackson
40.3
38.7
41.6
40.9
39.2
39.4
9.07
9.72
9.34
10.27
9.39
10.37
365.52
376.16
388.54
420.04
368.09
408.58
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
40.9
41.3
42.3
38.3
41.2
42.2
42.1
39.3
46.6
42.6
42.9
39.2
11.35
13.24
13.58
9.90
11.69
13.71
13.74
10.01
11.68
13.65
13.80
9.93
464.22
546.81
574.43
379.17
481.63
578.56
578.45
393.39
544.29
581.49
592.02
389.26
Montana
38.6
39.9
39.5
12.19
12.32
12.42
470.53
491.57
490.59
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
41.0
41.2
41.3
42.3
42.4
42.2
41.5
43.1
42.5
10.23
11.44
10.51
10.74
12.37
11.43
10.60
MAI
11.25
419.43
471.33
434.06
454.30
524.49
482.35
439.90
537.46
478.13
Nevada
Las Vegas
40.6
40.5
40.7
40.7
40.9
39.3
11.64
12.82
11.86
13.28
11.82
13.18
472.58
519.21
482.70
540.50
483.44
517.97
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994?
40.4
43.8
46.9
41.0
44.7
41.6
44.1
$17.25
14.60
17.71
13.06
14.37
11.76
13.08
$17.59
14.62
18.47
13.88
14.74
12.26
13.07
41.8
41.8
41.0
40.2
41.6
41.6
41.8
42.4
40.5
39.8
12.07
14.45
12.72
12.53
9.76
41.2
42.4
41.5
41.3
43.6
41.1
41.3
42.6
40.2
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
40.1
41.2
40.5
40.4
42.3
41.0
Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
42.6
44.2
42.3
42.1
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.
120
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
41.8
41.5
41.1
42.4
42.8
42.1
42.9
42.9
New Jersey
41.0
New Mexico
Albuquerque
40.3
40.7
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagra Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
42.2
42.6
41.0
42.7
$11.63
11.27
13.96
11.07
$11.74
11.68
14.36
11.27
$11.60
11.62
14.16
11.20
41.2
38.3
12.80
13.24
39.3
40.7
39.9
40.6
9.69
10.25
10.24
10.55
40.3
40.8
40.7
43.6
40.6
43.0
39.8
37.9
37.5
39.5
41.6
42.8
41.7
41.1
39.9
40.8
40.4
41.2
43.0
40.5
42.6
40.1
38.2
37.6
41.5
42.4
45.5
42.8
42.8
40.8
40.5
41.3
40.8
44.0
39.5
42.1
38.7
37.4
37.0
41.2
42.4
44.3
43.1
42.0
39.7
11.85
13.20
9.90
14.46
10.84
11.07
11.45
10.59
10.23
10.30
13.86
14.16
13.27
10.95
12.09
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
40.7
40.9
40.7
39.7
41.4
40.5
40.9
40.7
39.6
41.2
38.1
40.1
39.1
37.3
38.5
North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead
40.7
39.7
41.0
41.1
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
42.6
42.3
41.5
41.9
43.3
41.6
42.9
43.6
43.8
Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
Average weekly earnings
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994?
$486.13
467.71
573.76
469.37
$502.47
491.73
616.04
483.48
$489.52
495.01
580.56
478.24
13.33
524.80
545.49
510.54
10.02
10.40
390.51
417.18
402.43
429.39
399.80
422.24
12.06
13.88
10.02
15.18
10.44
11.19
11.36
11.02
10.74
10.75
13.85
13.82
13.09
10.89
12.18
12.09
13.74
10.01
15.10
10.48
11.23
11.38
10.98
10.70
10.30
13.91
13.75
13.10
10.82
12.29
477.56
538.56
402.93
630.46
440.10
476.01
455.71
401.36
383.63
406.85
576.58
606.05
553.36
450.05
482.39
492.05
560.75
412.82
652.74
422.82
476.69
455.54
420.96
403.82
446.13
587.24
628.81
560.25
466.09
496.94
489.65
567.46
408.41
664.40
413.96
472.78
440.41
410.65
395.90
424.36
589.78
609.13
564.61
454.44
487.91
9.72
9.82
10.36
10.29
10.20
10.01
10.02
10.62
10.57
10.74
10.08
10.01
10.60
10.66
10.78
395.60
401.64
421.65
408.51
422.28
405.41
409.82
432.23
418.57
442.49
384.05
401.40
414.46
397.62
415.03
41.1
40.9
9.81
9.06
10.06
9.63
10.08
9.57
399.27
359.68
412.46
395.79
414.29
391.41
43.6
44.3
41.6
42.7
43.3
41.7
45.1
44.5
45.3
43.8
43.9
41.5
42.6
43.7
41.7
45.1
46.1
44.6
13.86
12.51
12.09
12.85
13.72
12.95
15.14
15.08
15.92
14.35
12.87
12.87
13.08
14.05
13.27
15.71
15.59
16.54
14.42
12.80
12.78
13.17
14.05
13.23
15.74
16.09
16.69
590.44
529.17
501.74
538.42
594.08
538.72
649.51
657.49
697.30
625.66
570.14
535.39
558.52
608.37
553.36
708.52
693.76
749.26
631.60
561.92
530.37
561.04
613.99
551.69
709.87
741.75
744.37
41.2
42.7
40.9
42.8
42.9
41.0
43.0
43.3
40.9
11.33
12.12
12.24
11.36
12.36
11.86
11.30
12.33
11.73
466.80
517.52
500.62
486.21
530.24
486.26
485.90
533.89
479.76
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
39.7
40.0
40.9
40.0
37.9
40.2
41.9
43.3
39.9
38.4
39.8
40.4
41.3
40.5
38.4
12.14
12.23
11.46
12.42
10.35
12.17
12.30
11.62
12.36
10.63
12.13
12.31
11.63
12.20
10.50
481.96
489.20
468.71
496.80
392.27
489.23
515.37
503.15
493.16
408.19
482.77
497.32
480.32
494.10
403.20
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazelton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
40.7
38.7
40.3
43.6
40.0
39.1
40.9
40.6
41.8
40.3
38.8
42.9
39.8
39.7
41.6
40.8
39.0
41.0
43.5
38.1
38.9
40.1
40.7
41.7
40.9
39.3
42.9
40.3
40.8
42.1
40.1
36.7
41.2
44.0
38.9
39.6
38.1
38.4
42.3
39.8
39.2
44.4
40.3
40.5
39.8
11.96
11.28
10.05
12.59
11.52
9.05
11.71
13.29
12.97
12.24
10.39
12.24
10.48
10.17
12.25
12.34
11.77
10.57
12.87
11.54
9.26
12.20
13.61
13.41
12.99
10.75
12.54
10.72
10.63
12.46
12.41
12.02
10.54
12.96
11.65
9.21
12.24
13.70
13.40
13.05
10.71
12.61
10.80
10.60
12.51
486.77
436.54
405.02
548.92
460.80
353.86
478.94
539.57
542.15
493.27
403.13
525.10
417.10
403.75
509.60
503.47
459.03
433.37
559.85
439.67
360.21
489.22
553.93
559.20
531.29
422.48
537.97
432.02
433.70
524.57
497.64
441.13
434.25
570.24
453.19
364.72
466.34
526.08
566.82
519.39
419.83
559.88
435.24
429.30
497.90
See footnotes at end of table.
121
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
Feb.
1994P
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
$10.00
10.04
$10.24
10.29
Average weekly earnings
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
$10.25
10.33
$397.00
401.60
$414.72
$377.20
377.05
39.7
40.0
40.5
40.3
36.8
36.5
41.6
41.6
41.3
9.71
9.91
9.91
403.94
412.26
409.28
40.8
40.4
39.4
41.0
41.7
41.0
41.1
41.4
40.4
8.92
8.91
8.98
8.78
9.90
9.22
9.98
9.80
361.49
360.37
351.05
368.18
366.13
405.90
378.94
413.17
395.92
40.7
42.1
38.2
39.8
40.7
40.3
40.8
42.2
39.4
39.8
40.8
40.7
40.0
42.3
39.4
40.0
39.9
39.3
10.23
9.64
10.69
10.34
10.62
11.24
10.35
9.94
10.37
10.17
10.63
11.22
10.45
9.96
10.29
10.25
10.79
11.30
416.36
405.84
408.36
411.53
432.23
452.97
422.28
419.47
408.58
404.77
433.70
456.65
418.00
421.31
405.43
410.00
430.52
444.09
Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio
42.5
42.4
42.0
44.7
42.0
43.1
42.5
42.5
43.9
41.4
42.1
40.9
41.6
43.7
41.2
11.00
10.71
12.38
13.42
8.45
11.06
10.98
12.62
13.51
8.70
11.13
11.01
12.81
13.58
8.72
467.50
454.10
519.96
599.87
354.90
476.69
466.65
536.35
593.09
360.18
468.57
450.31
532.90
593.45
359.26
Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden
39.0
40.4
40.4
41.0
39.8
40.3
11.03
11.31
11.20
11.25
11.06
11.10
430.17
456.92
452.48
461.25
440.19
447.33
Vermont
41.3
41.5
41.4
41.8
41.5
42.8
11.90
12.87
11.64
11.22
11.61
11.34
491.47
534.11
481.90
469.00
481.82
485.35
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
40.5
39.5
39.6
41.8
42.3
40.2
42.1
41.9
40.8
41.6
38.4
42.5
42.2
40.5
42.4
42.1
39.0
40.6
35.6
40.6
38.8
38.7
40.1
39.9
10.77
9.41
9.65
10.67
10.63
12.05
13.51
12.39
11.10
9.95
9.70
10.77
11.03
12.12
13.97
12.61
11.11
10.05
9.79
10.93
10.90
12.01
14.14
12.57
436.19
371.70
382.14
446.01
449.65
484.41
568.77
519.14
452.88
413.92
372.48
457.73
465.47
490.86
592.33
530.88
433.29
408.03
348.52
443.76
422.92
464.79
567.01
501.54
Washington
40.2
40.5
40.5
14.03
14.57
14.46
564.01
590.09
585.63
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
40.5
43.0
39.9
40.9
40.1
40.9
47.9
42.9
47.1
40.3
40.7
45.2
42.0
41.4
40.5
12.15
15.11
13.72
14.55
13.78
12.58
14.71
14.66
16.35
14.20
12.66
14.03
14.57
15.17
13.75
492.08
649.73
547.43
595.10
552.58
514.52
704.61
628.91
770.09
572.26
515.26
634.16
611.94
628.04
556.88
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
41.9
43.2
41.1
41.1
44.1
41.1
40.2
41.1
41.9
41.5
40.1
41.4
42.0
44.3
43.0
42.0
44.1
39.7
40.9
40.6
42.0
40.5
42.0
42.4
42.2
44.7
45.3
42.3
44.3
38.9
41.7
40.7
42.3
40.5
42.3
41.9
12.08
12.94
12.10
12.58
15.57
12.21
10.08
10.93
13.07
12.15
12.08
11.49
12.36
13.31
12.44
12.96
16.53
12.93
10.23
11.64
13.36
12.41
12.19
11.59
12.35
13.36
12.96
13.01
16.48
12.61
10.29
11.70
13.33
12.31
12.18
11.75
506.15
559.01
497.31
517.04
686.64
501.83
405.22
449.22
547.63
504.23
484.41
475.69
519.12
589.63
534.92
544.32
728.97
513.32
418.41
472.58
561.12
502.61
511.98
491.42
521.17
597.19
587.09
550.32
730.06
490.53
429.09
476.19
563.86
498.56
515.21
492.33
Wyoming
38.9
38.7
39.2
11.23
11.62
11.72
436.85
449.69
459.42
Puerto Rico
39.9
V)
0)
Virgin Islands
42.2
42.2
41.7
644.82
623.42
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
South Carolina
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Burlington
1
Not available.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this
p
122
6.87
14.51
O
V)
274.11
15.28
14.95
612.32
0
publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1993
benchmarks.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted 1
(Numbers in thousands)
Census region and
division
1993
Mar.
Apr.
May.
June
July
Aug.
1994
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
NORTHEAST
Civilian noninstitutional population2 .
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
39,567 39,570 39,572 39,577 39,582 39,584 39,589 39,596 39,599 39,601 39,696 39,697 39,695
25,612 25,539 25,604 25,566 25,567 25,622 25,525 25,562 25,527 25,469 25,464 25,379 25,622
23,722 23,638 23,750 23,756 23,766 23,786 23,726 23,754 23,772 23,734 23,765 23,677 23,794
1,828
1,800
1,807
1,890
1,901
1,854
1,810
1,801
1,702
1,836
1,755
1,735
1,700
7.4
7.2
7.0
7.1
7.1
7.4
7.1
6.7
7.2
7.1
6.9
6.8
6.7
New England
Civilian noninstitutional population2 .
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
10,215 10,214 10,215 10,214 10,214 10,217 10,218 10,218 10,219 10,221 10,221 10,219 10,216
7,000
7,039 6,997 7,005 7,055 7,052 7,065 7,065 7,055 6,979 6,963 6,977 7,031
6,588 6,592
6,518
6,539 6,507 6,525 6,597 6,606 6,610
6,608 6,599 6,547 6,541
407
444
455
432
423
459
480
458
446
457
457
500
490
5.8
6.3
6.6
6.8
6.5
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.5
6.2
6.1
7.1
7.0
Middle Atlantic
Civilian noninstitutional population2 .
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
29,320 29,326 29,329 29,335 29,341 29,345 29,351 29,358 29,363 29,366 29,475 29,478 29,479
18,573 18,542 18,600 18,511 18,515 18,557 18,460 18,506 18,548 18,506 18,488 18,347 18,623
17,183 17,132 17,225 17,159 17,160 17,176 17,118 17,155 17,225 17,193 17,247 17,089 17,202
1,421
1,258
1,241
1,313
1,410
1,352
1,355
1,381
1,342
1,351
1,323
1,390
1,375
7.6
6.9
6.7
7.1
7.3
7.4
7.3
7.3
7.1
7.5
7.6
7.4
7.3
SOUTH
Civilian noninstitutional population2 ,
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
66,372 66,447 66,520 66,598 66,677 66,750 66,832 66,911 66,989 67,057 68,136 68,206 68,273
44,001 43,891 44,172 44,119 44,120 44,288 44,224 44,400 44,577 44,567 44,907 44,882 44,688
41,022 40,926 41,308 41,215 41,229 41,417 41,540 41,547 41,790 41,907 42,067 42,040 41,854
2,871
2,684 2,853
2,787 2,660 2,840 2,842 2,834
2,979 2,965 2,864 2,904 2,891
6.3
6.0
6.3
6.6
6.4
6.8
6.6
6.5
6.1
6.3
6.3
6.8
6.5
South Atlantic
Civilian noninstitutional population2 .
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
34,826 34,865 34,905 34,947 34,987 35,033 35,082 35,128 35,171 35,212 35,251 35,288 35,322
22,952 22,923 22,979 22,964 22,904 22,960 22,936 23,032 23,081 23,132 23,225 23,281 23,197
21,441 21,430 21,549 21,495 21,445 21,505 21,619 21,608 21,740 21,783 21,750 21,902 21,777
1,420
1,379
1,475
1,341
1,350
1,470
1,459
1,455
1,317
1,425
1,430
1,511
1,493
6.1
5.9
6.3
5.8
5.8
6.4
6.4
6.3
5.7
6.2
6.2
6.6
6.5
East South Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2 .
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
11,902 11,913 11,923
7,506 7,428 7,541
6,973 6,897 7,021
520
533
531
6.9
7.1
7.1
11,937 11,949 11,962 11,976 11,990 12,002 12,015 12,027 12,038 12,047
7,523 7,518
7,509 7,475 7,495 7,522 7,656 7,599 7,597
7,516
7,190
7,109
7,032 7,038 7,047 7,041
7,024 7,055 7,111
7,178
407
490
468
451
478
440
411
490
480
470
5.4
6.4
6.0
6.2
6.5
6.4
6.2
6.2
5.9
5.5
West South Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
124
20,591 20,615 20,640 20,666 20,694 20,720 20,750 20,779 20,806 20,832 20,858 20,881 20,903
13,542 13,540 13,652 13,632 13,698 13,813 13,779 13,892 14,001 13,912 14,027 14,002 13,894
12,608 12,599 12,738 12,689 12,747 12,866 12,880 12,915 12,995 13,013 13,139 13,029 12,887
1,007
973
944
947
899
977
888
1,006
899
941
915
952
934
7.2
6.9
6.3
7.2
6.5
6.7
6.9
6.5
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.9
7.0
HOUSEHOLD DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Census region and
division
1993
Mar.
Apr.
May.
June
July
Aug.
1994
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
MIDWEST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
46,064 46,095 46,123 46,155 46,191 46,219 46,253 46,287 46,317 46,346 46,038 46,054 46,069
31,048 31,080 31,273 31,405 31,491 31,518 31,384 31,500 31,614 31,696 31,710 31,931 31,768
29,160 29,154 29,313 29,449 29,631 29,749 29,524 29,632 29,792 29,880 29,819 30,188 29,929
1,891
1,769
1,815
1,838
1,860
1,868
1,822
1,888
1,925
1,960
1,956
1,860
1,743
5.6
5.7
6.0
5.8
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.2
5.9
5.5
5.9
5.9
5.8
East North Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
32,385 32,399 32,415 32,434 32,451 32,472 32,495 32,516 32,535 32,553 32,570 32,582 32,591
21,653 21,707 21,804 21,876 21,945 21,957 21,770 21,857 21,988 22,118 22,129 22,330 22,236
20,248 20,253 20,315 20,422 20,552 20,621 20,355 20,464 20,621 20,770 20,711 20,995 20,886
1,454
1,405
1,489
1,336
1,455
1,393
1,349
1,418
1,416
1,393
1,367
1,335
1,350
6.7
6.7
6.4
6.5
6.8
6.1
6.3
6.1
6.4
6.1
6.5
6.2
6.0
West North Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
13,382 13,388 13,395 13,403 13,412 13,422 13,433 13,442 13,452 13,459 13,468 13,473 13,478
9,394 9,373 9,469 9,529 9,546 9,561
9,601
9,532
9,614
9,643 9,626 9,577 9,581
9,111
9,108
8,912
8,902 8,999 9,027 9,079 9,128
9,193 9,044
9,170
9,168
9,171
466
482
471
502
467
473
408
444
475
455
470
433
488
5.1
4.9
5.0
5.3
4.9
4.9
4.3
4.6
4.9
4.7
5.0
4.5
5.1
WEST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
40,955 41,014 41,067 41,126 41,184 41,240 41,297 41,357 41,415 41,469 42,083 42,133 42,175
27,707 27,661 27,716 27,679 27,861 27,719 27,801 27,914 27,936 28,037 28,589 28,600 28,515
25,452 25,469 25,537 25,484 25,540 25,527 25,582 25,723 25,848 25,997 26,302 26,433 26,456
2,255 2,191
2,193 2,219
2,195
2,287 2,167 2,059
2,180
2,321
2,191
2,088 2,041
8.1
7.9
7.9
7.9
8.3
8.0
8.0
7.5
7.9
7.3
7.6
7.2
7.8
Mountain
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
10,831 10,857 10,882 10,908 10,936 10,962 10,991 11,019 11,045 11,071 11,096 11,123 11,146
7,284 7,261
7,353 7,384 7,385 7,416
7,386 7,432 7,472 7,487 7,622 7,794 7,802
6,829 6,810
6,914
6,947 6,979 6,988 6,956 7,009 7,055 7,107
7,232 7,394 7,408
437
451
455
439
405
380
390
424
428
400
395
417
429
6.2
6.2
6.0
5.9
5.5
5.1
5.1
5.7
5.8
5.1
5.1
5.6
5.8
Pacific
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
30,720 30,743 30,768 30,793 30,820 30,849 30,880 30,909 30,937 30,963 30,987 31,010 31,029
20,423 20,400 20,363 20,295 20,476 20,304 20,415 20,482 20,464 20,550 20,967 20,806 20,713
18,623 18,659 18,622 18,538 18,560 18,539 18,626 18,714 18,793 18,889 19,070 19,038 19,049
1,767
1,664
1,740
1,741
1,758
1,671
1,661
1,897
1,800
1,916
1,765
1,790
1,767
8.5
8.0
8.5
8.5
8.7
8.1
9.0
8.2
8.7
8.8
9.4
8.6
8.8
1
These estimates may differ from the results obtained from summing the
official State estimates produced and published through the Local Area
Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that compose the
various census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic:
New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of
Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia,
and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and
Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas;
East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West
North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota,
and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,
New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii,
Oregon, and Washington. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data
for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue
of Employment and Earnings.
125
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1994
1993
State
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
1,976.6
1,976.6
1,834.9
1,987.2
1,840.1
147.1
7.4
1,986.0
1,838.3
147.7
7.4
1,993.0
1,840.9
152.1
7.6
1,998.0
1,840.2
157.8
1,993.4
1,993.0
1,840.7
152.4
7.6
1,997.2
1,845.0
152.2
7.6
1,999.2
1,847.1
152.1
7.6
1,995.1
1,847.4
147.7
7.4
2,010.1
1,846.9
163.2
8.1
1,849.1
137.7
7.9
1,840.3
153.1
7.7
298.3
275.0
23.3
7.8
299.0
275.2
23.8
8.0
299.1
276.1
23.0
7.7
298.5
276.1
22.4
7.5
298.6
276.8
21.8
7.3
300.5
278.1
22.4
7.5
300.7
278.1
22.5
7.5
302.3
279.6
22.7
7.5
302.0
279.3
22.7
7.5
308.0
281.5
26.5
8.6
311.3
285.7
25.6
8.2
1,829.4
1,831.5
1,721.9
109.6
1,835.8
1,727.6
108.2
1,841.5
1,732.5
109.0
1,848.2
1,738.0
110.2
1,852.7
5.9
5.9
6.0
1,858.4
1,746.2
112.2
6.0
1,929.4
1,833.9
95.5
5.0
1,963.9
6.0
1,851.5
1,739.5
112.0
6.1
1,162.3
1,163.7
1,092.8
70.9
6.1
1,164.9
1,093.7
1,165.7
1,094.6
1,166.8
1,095.9
1,166.5
1,097.6
71.2
71.1
6.1
70.9
6.1
1,168.0
1,097.5
70.5
6.0
1,200.3
1,133.2
67.2
5.9
5.6
1,198.5
1,136.7
61.9
5.2
15,153.9
13,771.4
1,382.5
9.1
15,218.7
13,808.6
1,410.1
15,314.8
15,596.9
14,040.7
14,189.6
9.7
15,215.8
13,884.0
1,331.8
8.8
15,625.6
9.3
15,209.0
13,860.6
1,348.4
8.9
1,584.9
10.1
1,407.2
9.0
1,913.8
1,817.9
96.0
5.0
1,929.1
1,832.1
1,943.7
1,846.7
1,954.3
1,858.1
97.0
5.0
97.0
5.0
96.2
4.9
1,968.0
1,855.2
112.8
5.7
1,968.8
1,858.7
110.1
5.6
1,784.4
1,785.6
1,676.5
109.1
6.1
1,782.4
1,675.6
106.8
6.0
1,796.6
1,716.2
80.4
4.5
1,819.7
1,730.0
89.7
376.9
354.9
22.0
371.3
351.7
19.5
5.3
379.5
360.5
5.8
355.1
22.7
6.0
Feb.P
Alabama
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ....
1,835.2
141.4
7.2
141.7
7.2
6.9
Alai
296.4
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
272.8
23.6
8.0
297.0
273.6
23.4
7.9
Arizona
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1,819.6
1,700.4
119.1
1,822.8
6.5
6.4
1,829.9
1,710.9
119.0
6.5
1,158.3
1,084.7
73.5
1,158.8
1,085.8
73.1
1,160.8
1,087.8
73.0
6.3
6.3
6.3
1,161.4
1,088.8
72.6
6.3
15,333.1
13,868.1
1,465.0
15,301.5
13,862.4
1,439.1
9.4
15,299.1
13,936.2
1,362.9
8.9
15,184.4
13,793.8
1,390.6
9.2
15,296.9
9.6
15,311.7
13,949.5
1,362.2
8.9
1,870.7
1,765.4
1,874.9
1,884.4
1,784.4
100.0
5.3
1,889.0
1,898.8
1,801.2
1,913.4
1,817.2
5.1
1,909.9
1,813.9
96.1
5.0
1,794.3
1,678.7
115.6
6.4
1,792.1
1,679.4
112.7
6.3
1,790.2
1,678.1
112.1
6.3
1,788.4
1,678.6
109.8
6.1
1,787.3
1,676.9
110.4
6.2
371.8
353.4
18.5
5.0
372.4
353.7
18.7
5.0
374.2
354.7
19.5
5.2
375.1
354.7
20.4
5.4
375.3
354.5
20.8
5.5
376.6
355.2
21.4
5.7
376.6
355.2
304.3
279.0
25.3
8.3
306.1
279.9
26.2
305.9
279.6
26.4
8.6
309.2
283.6
25.6
308.8
283.0
25.7
8.3
308.5
282.9
25.7
8.3
309.8
284.3
25.4
8.2
315.7
281.4
34.3
10.9
298.2
270.5
27.7
8.7
304.5
278.7
25.8
8.5
303.8
278.6
26.5
8.7
6,633.4
6,592.6
6,611.6
6,665.6
6,127.5
465.1
7.1
6,159.4
452.2
6.8
6,194.6
471.0
7.1
6,533.6
6,073.1
460.5
7.0
6,599.3
6,173.6
459.8
6,574.7
6,120.0
454.7
6.9
6,689.1
6,244.6
444.5
6,741.5
6,277.3
464.2
6,798.4
6,286.1
6,692.1
6,308.7
512.3
7.5
383.4
5.7
1,705.4
117.4
1,716.5
112.8
6.2
1,740.9
111.8
6.0
1,861.4
102.4
5.2
Arkansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
California
1,090.7
71.6
6.2
6.1
1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
13,829.4
1,467.5
9.6
13,836.5
1,478.3
Colorado
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
105.2
5.6
1,775.0
99.9
5.3
1,790.2
98.8
5.2
97.6
96.2
5.0
Connecticut
1,796.3
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1,683.4
112.9
6.3
1,791.9
1,679.9
112.0
6.2
1,674.6
109.8
6.2
1,779.2
1,674.4
104.8
5.9
4.9
Delav
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
371.0
352.7
18.3
4.9
370.9
352.1
18.8
5.1
21.4
5.7
377.8
19.0
5.0
District of Columbia
304.5
277.9
26.6
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida
305.1
277.9
25.9
8.5
8.3
9.3
1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
126
6.9
6,697.4
6,227.7
469.7
7.0
6,616.3
6,155.3
461.0
7.0
6,163.5
435.8
6.6
6.6
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
1994
State
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.p
3,404.5
3,204.7
199.8
5.9
3,415.3
3,216.7
198.5
5.8
3,436.2
3,240.2
196.0
5.7
3,446.1
3,248.7
197.4
5.7
3,459.5
3,261.2
198.3
5.7
3,475.1
3,275.6
199.5
5.7
3,488.2
3,288.4
199.7
5.7
3,503.2
3,302.0
201.2
5.7
3,518.9
3,316.0
202.9
5.8
3,526.2
3,325.2
201.0
5.7
3,531.5
3,332.1
199.4
5.6
3,583.8
3,325.3
258.5
7.2
3,603.8
3,374.4
229.3
6.4
582.5
555.0
27.4
4.7
582.5
555.9
26.6
4.6
583.4
557.7
25.7
4.4
583.4
558.3
25.1
4.3
582.9
558.3
24.6
4.2
583.1
558.7
24.4
4.2
582.7
558.6
24.1
4.1
582.1
559.0
23.1
4.0
583.4
560.3
23.1
4.0
583.3
559.6
23.7
4.1
583.3
559.4
24.0
4.1
605.3
577.3
28.0
4.6
597.7
569.0
28.7
4.8
538.9
504.0
34.9
6.5
540.8
504.0
36.8
6.8
541.3
506.1
35.2
6.5
543.9
509.1
34.8
6.4
545.4
511.2
34.2
6.3
547.8
514.9
32.9
6.0
548.3
515.5
32.8
6.0
550.0
517.1
32.9
6.0
551.3
518.3
33.1
6.0
551.8
520.0
31.8
5.8
553.7
521.2
32.4
5.9
580.3
551.3
29.0
5.0
590.6
560.1
30.5
5.2
5,935.6
5,469.1
466.5
5,957.1
5,470.7
486.4
8.2
5,936.8
5,463.7
473.1
8.0
6,022.1
5,537.3
484.8
8.1
6,012.4
5,542.3
470.1
7.8
6,006.2
5,564.1
442.1
7.4
6,012.5
5,554.2
458.3
7.6
5,964.0
5,480.3
483.7
8.1
5,963.5
5,518.1
445.4
7.5
5,998.8
5,640.0
358.8
6.0
6,032.9
5,675.2
357.7
5.9
5,998.6
5,600.1
398.5
6.6
6,016.6
5,633.5
383.1
6.4
2,882.8
2,718.0
164.8
5.7
2,905.8
2,743.0
162.9
5.6
2,906.8
2,743.8
163.0
5.6
2,911.2
2,749.7
161.5
5.5
2,929.7
2,772.7
157.0
5.4
2,948.5
2,797.6
1510
5.1
2,955.3
2,805.8
149.5
5.1
2,961.8
2,812.4
149.4
5.0
2,978.6
2,827.1
151.5
5.1
2,991.6
2,840.6
151.1
5.0
3,001.9
2,849.4
152.5
5.1
2,992.6
2,824.8
167.8
5.6
3,011.3
2,861.4
149.9
5.0
1,532.0
1,470.2
61.9
4.0
1,537.9
1,473.8
64.0
4.2
1,539.5
1,475.7
63.8
4.1
1,548.6
1,486.0
62.7
4.0
1,561.2
1,499.2
62.0
4.0
1,560.0
1,491.8
68.2
4.4
1,559.7
1,498.3
61.4
3.9
1,560.2
1,499.6
60.7
3.9
1,560.2
1,501.5
58.7
3.8
1,558.2
1,500.4
57.8
3.7
1,554.8
1,498.0
56.8
3.7
1,552.1
1,479.8
72.3
4.7
1,565.9
1,501.0
64.9
4.1
1,315.7
1,253.8
61.9
4.7
1,317.3
1,252.7
64.6
4.9
1,317.7
1,251.8
65.8
5.0
1,319.0
1,251.3
67.7
5.1
1,320.4
1,252.8
67.6
5.1
1,320.1
1,252.4
67.7
5.1
1,318.0
1,250.9
67.0
5.1
1,319.5
1,252.6
66.9
5.1
1,321.5
1,254.1
67.4
5.1
1,320.8
1,253.9
66.8
5.1
1,321.8
1,255.8
66.0
5.0
1,335.8
1,249.3
86.4
6.5
1,327.5
1,255.5
72.0
5.4
1,796.0
1,687.5
108.5
6.0
1,797.8
1,684.8
113.0
6.3
1,797.0
1,683.4
113.6
6.3
1,795.3
1,682.6
112.6
6.3
1,797.8
1,685.2
112.6
6.3
1,798.6
1,688.0
110.6
6.2
1,797.2
1,686.4
110.9
6.2
1,792.8
1,684.9
107.9
6.0
1,789.3
1,682.3
107.0
6.0
1,788.5
1,682.2
106.3
5.9
1,785.8
1,682.5
103.3
5.8
1,809.2
1,728.0
81.3
4.5
1,813.3
1,715.4
97.9
5.4
1,895.8
1,755.4
140.4
7.4
1,889.6
1,747.4
142.1
7.5
1,883.1
1,741.8
141.3
7.5
1,881.0
1,742.1
138.9
7.4
1,871.0
1,736.6
134.4
7.2
1,867.2
1,734.7
132.6
7.1
1,869.9
1,736.4
133.5
7.1
1,868.3
1,734.5
133.8
7.2
1,871.4
1,731.2
140.2
7.5
1,879.7
1,734.3
145.3
7.7
1,876.8
1,735.9
140.9
7.5
1,924.5
1,761.3
163.3
8.5
1,924.0
1,775.0
149.0
7.7
636.9
589.4
47.5
7.5
635.2
587.4
47.8
7.5
633.9
584.9
48.9
7.7
632.8
582.9
49.9
7.9
631.4
580.4
51.0
8.1
628.1
578.0
50.1
8.0
629.4
577.1
52.3
8.3
627.8
575.2
52.6
8.4
627.6
575.9
51.6
8.2
626.5
575.1
51.4
8.2
624.4
574.7
49.7
8.0
628.0
568.6
59.4
9.5
632.1
585.3
46.8
7.4
Georgia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ...
Haw
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Idaho
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Illinois1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Indiana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Iowa
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Kansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Kentucky
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Louisiana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Maine
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
127
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1994
1993
State
Jan.
Feb.P
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
1,829.5
1,686.1
143.5
7.8
1,828.7
1,686.2
142.5
7.8
1,830.2
1,689.2
141.0
7.7
1,828.0
1,687.2
140.8
7.7
1,829.6
1,688.8
140.8
7.7
1,792.2
1,688.9
103.2
5.8
1,830.7
1,712.3
118.4
6.5
359.5
347.4
12.1
3.4
359.9
347.9
12.0
3.3
360.3
348.2
12.1
3.4
360.6
348.8
11.8
3.3
361.3
349.4
11.9
3.3
361.2
349.1
12.1
3.4
362.4
354.1
8.3
2.3
367.6
357.5
10.2
2.8
2,502.7
2,356.4
146.3
5.8
2,507.5
2,363.9
143.6
5.7
2,508.8
2,366.3
142.5
5.7
2,510.3
2,370.3
140.0
5.6
2,516.5
2,378.5
138.0
5.5
2,516.7
2,380.5
136.1
5.4
2,515.2
2,382.6
132.6
5.3
2,596.2
2,449.7
146.5
5.6
2,597.5
2,445.8
151.7
5.8
9,058.0
8,448.7
609.3
6.7
9,079.4
8,436.8
642.6
7.1
9,147.7
8,494.9
652.8
7.1
9,213.6
8,555.8
657.8
7.1
9,254.2
8,629.8
624.4
6.7
9,339.4
8,665.2
674.2
7.2
9,359.1
8,718.1
641.0
6.8
9,301.4
8,690.7
610.7
6.6
9,314.7
8,759.8
555.0
6.0
9,307.3
8,661.5
645.8
6.9
898.0
862.2
35.8
4.0
902.8
866.9
35.9
4.0
909.3
873.5
35.8
3.9
914.7
879.8
34.9
3.8
919.1
884.5
34.7
3.8
922.9
888.8
34.1
3.7
927.0
893.7
33.2
3.6
930.5
897.9
32.6
3.5
933.2
901.5
31.7
3.4
963.5
933.0
30.5
3.2
972.8
939.7
33.1
3.4
313.5
296.0
17.4
5.6
315.1
298.2
17.0
5.4
316.3
299.6
16.7
5.3
317.2
300.5
16.7
5.3
315.6
298.9
16.7
5.3
315.5
298.9
16.7
5.3
316.6
299.9
16.7
5.3
317.8
301.1
16.6
5.2
317.9
301.7
16.2
5.1
317.1
301.1
16.0
5.0
306.9
292.2
14.7
4.8
311.5
295.6
16.0
5.1
3,372.6
3,199.3
173.3
5.1
3,371.3
3,198.8
172.4
5.1
3,378.8
3,204.7
174.1
5.2
3,373.7
3,203.5
170.2
5.0
3,371.1
3.202.9
168.2
5.0
3,372.3
3,206.9
165.4
4.9
3,374.6
3,209.1
165.4
4.9
3,375.2
3,211.4
163.8
4.9
3,375.4
3,215.2
160.2
4.7
3,383.8
3,223.0
160.8
4.8
3,386.5
3,228.3
158.3
4.7
3,395.7
3,231.1
164.6
4.8
3,387.8
3,216.5
171.3
5.1
2,677.7
2,472.4
205.3
7.7
2,678.7
2,474.7
204.0
7.6
2,681.8
2,477.8
204.0
7.6
2,680.6
2,477.6
203.0
7.6
2,687.6
2,483.8
203.8
7.6
2,689.3
2,485.2
204.1
7.6
2,690.9
2,488.5
202.4
7.5
2,703.0
2,502.1
200.9
7.4
2,711.3
2,511.0
200.3
7.4
2,713.3
2,516.6
196.7
7.3
2,723.6
2,524.8
7.3
2,800.6
2,647.2
153.4
5.5
2,758.0
2,587.4
170.6
6.2
778.5
692.3
86.2
11.1
779.5
692.6
86.9
11.2
786.2
697.7
88.5
11.3
785.4
697.2
88.1
11.2
786.7
699.8
783.0
11.0
83.9
10.7
791.4
706.9
84.5
10.7
793.0
709.7
83.4
10.5
794.6
711.6
83.0
10.4
796.1
713.6
82.5
10.4
795.3
714.5
80.8
10.2
772.6
687.8
84.7
11.0
773.1
690.6
82.6
10.7
2,689.1
2,575.0
114.1
4.2
2,709.2
2,580.8
128.4
4.7
2,712.9
2,579.4
133.5
2,716.1
2,584.6
131.5
4.8
2,713.6
2,583.7
129.9
4.8
2,717.0
2,588.7
128.4
4.7
2,718.2
2,591.0
127.2
4.7
2,723.2
2,598.2
125.1
4.6
2,729.2
2,603.0
126.2
4.6
2,735.6
2,605.9
129.7
4.7
2,743.2
2,611.0
132.2
4.8
2,799.1
2,672.3
126.8
4.5
2,844.2
2,700.8
143.4
5.0
238.4
225.4
13.0
5.5
238.7
225.5
13.2
5.5
238.2
225.3
12.9
5.4
238.0
225.2
12.8
5.4
238.7
225.7
13.0
5.5
239.2
225.9
13.3
5.5
238.6
225.4
13.2
5.6
239.3
226.5
12.9
5.4
240.0
226.9
13.2
5.5
239.9
226.8
13.1
5.4
240.9
227.7
13.2
5.5
252.5
231.9
20.5
8.1
250.7
233.9
16.9
6.7
June
July
Mar.
Apr.
May
1,810.2
1,681.4
128.8
7.1
1,812.5
1,679.3
133.3
7.4
1,820.4
1,684.0
136.4
7.5
1,824.5
1,684.8
139.7
7.7
1,828.0
1,685.4
142.6
7.8
1,828.2
1,684.6
143.6
7.9
356.9
344.8
12.1
3.4
357.5
345.3
12.3
3.4
358.0
345.9
12.1
3.4
357.8
346.2
11.6
3.2
359.1
347.0
12.1
3.4
2,478.6
2,334.8
143.8
5.8
2,484.3
2,339.2
145.1
5.8
2,490.5
2,345.8
144.7
5.8
2,494.3
2,349.8
144.4
5.8
9,000.1
8,332.1
668.0
7.4
9,006.3
8,382.4
623.9
6.9
9,019.8
8,400.2
619.6
6.9
849.7
36.6
4.1
892.2
855.8
36.4
4.1
314.6
296.7
18.0
5.7
Feb.
Aug.
South Carolina
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
South Dakota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Tennessee
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Texas1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Utah
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Vermont
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ...
Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Washington
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ....
West Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Wisconsin
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Wyoming
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey (CPS). See the
Explanatory Notes And Estimates of Error Section for Region, State, and Area Labor
Force Data.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data, beginning 1994, are not directly
130
comparable with those for 1993 and prior years as a result of the redesign of the CPS.
In addition, data comparisons are affected by the incorporation of 1990 census-based
population controls (covering the 1990-93 period) and other methodological changes
For additional information, see "Revisions in State and Area Estimates Effective
January 1994" in the March 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Tuscaloosa
1,970.0
418.8
161.9
235.3
145.4
71.3
1,994.2
423.2
160.9
244.0
145.9
72.6
1,980.3
422.3
160.1
242.0
145.5
73.3
150.6
25.2
8.7
18.6
9.0
4.1
166.1
24.2
11.6
21.4
9.2
4.8
Alaska
Anchorage
289.7
129.8
299.6
135.4
304.6
135.5
27.7
9.1
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
1,800.2
1,144.3
329.0
1,910.0
1,212.6
351.4
1,943.9
1,233.3
356.6
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
1,141.3
117.3
89.9
275.4
37.1
1,169.5
124.5
92.2
281.8
37.5
15,278.1
264.7
400.7
4,483.4
189.9
1,115.5
1,310.6
1,245.0
686.4
174.6
1,209.5
892.2
841.4
191.7
218.6
234.6
229.5
370.9
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Newark
Waterbury
Jan.
1S94
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994^
146.8
21.8
10.7
18.1
8.2
4.1
7.6
6.0
5.4
7.9
6.2
5.8
8.3
5.7
7.2
8.8
6.3
6.6
7.4
5.2
6.7
7.5
5.6
5.7
31.0
10.0
30.0
9.8
9.5
7.0
10.3
7.4
9.9
7.2
115.8
63.1
15.1
98.2
51.3
12.8
99.2
51.9
12.6
6.4
5.5
4.6
5.1
4.2
3.6
5.1
4.2
3.5
1,180.3
127.0
92.1
284.1
37.6
81.2
4.1
6.8
14.3
3.5
73.3
3.7
5.9
12.8
3.2
68.3
3.7
5.6
12.3
3.0
7.1
3.5
7.5
5.2
9.5
6.3
3.0
6.4
4.5
8.6
5.8
2.9
6.1
4.3
8.0
15,483.4
272.0
420.6
4,377.0
196.9
1,133.6
1,340.5
1,291.8
708.1
178.7
1,235.0
923.3
856.5
197.5
227.7
244.4
233.7
377.1
15,550.2
277.2
419.7
4,380.0
198.4
1,141.3
1,350.4
1,300.1
710.9
179.4
1,237.7
926.3
861.4
198.0
229.9
244.5
235.2
381.0
1,575.5
44.3
70.7
503.1
34.9
76.8
91.0
134.0
62.5
32.6
95.0
55.9
60.0
16.5
17.1
37.0
20.4
32.5
1,628.3
46.2
72.6
483.0
36.9
84.1
96.7
145.5
64.0
35.7
104.1
62.0
65.7
18.8
17.0
38.7
21.1
36.8
1,524.5
45.7
72.6
426.0
36.9
79.6
89.0
136.5
61.8
34.2
97.8
57.9
62.5
17.9
16.3
38.3
20.0
33.5
10.3
16.7
17.6
11.2
18.4
6.9
6.9
10.8
9.1
18.7
7.9
6.3
7.1
8.6
7.8
15.8
8.9
8.8
10.5
17.0
17.3
11.0
18.7
7.4
7.2
11.3
9.0
20.0
8.4
6.7
7.7
9.5
7.5
15.8
9.0
9.7
9.8
16.5
17.3
9.7
18.6
7.0
6.6
10.5
8.7
19.1
7.9
6.2
7.3
9.0
7.1
15.7
8.5
8.8
1,838.9
144.0
944.2
1,941.9
149.5
989.5
1,937.1
149.7
983.0
119.0
7.5
55.5
126.3
8.3
59.3
123.8
8.0
58.5
6.5
5.2
5.9
6.5
5.6
6.0
6.4
5.3
6.0
1,761.3
227.3
623.5
278.5
187.3
118.5
1,763.4
224.1
616.6
277.0
189.7
119.6
1,784.0
225.7
626.8
280.2
192.2
120.1
118.7
17.5
44.6
17.4
8.8
9.8
88.3
13.0
33.2
13.4
6.1
7.2
95.5
13.8
36.0
14.4
6.6
8.2
6.7
7.7
7.1
6.3
4.7
8.3
5.0
5.8
5.4
4.8
3.2
6.0
5.4
6.1
5.7
5.1
3.4
6.8
Delaware
Wilmington-Newark
368.9
278.1
371.5
280.6
377.3
284.7
21.2
16.7
22.6
18.2
21.8
17.2
5.7
6.0
6.1
6.5
5.8
6.0
District of Columbia
Washington
301.9
2,567.9
311.3
2,553.1
295.8
2,543.2
27.6
129.2
35.2
123.5
28.7
122.7
9.1
5.0
11.3
4.8
9.7
4.8
Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
6,549.5
184.8
682.7
160.3
95.8
468.3
194.3
204.8
1,007.9
702.6
160.8
233.9
135.1
1,023.9
437.7
6,684.9
183.2
703.8
163.2
96.6
478.3
197.0
206.4
1,035.4
724.5
162.7
234.6
135.4
1,036.1
444.8
6,607.4
184.4
695.0
162.7
97.1
472.4
193.8
203.2
1,015.6
717.2
160.8
234.7
135.3
1,027.2
437.5
458.5
12.6
47.1
9.9
4.2
27.1
16.6
14.5
80.8
45.8
8.5
11.8
5.7
68.0
35.8
521.7
14.0
54.2
9.9
4.6
31.4
18.1
18.4
92.3
51.1
10.2
13.3
7.6
72.7
41.0
381.4
10.0
39.6
7.3
3.3
23.1
13.5
13.1
68.2
37.4
7.6
9.8
5.4
53.9
30.1
7.0
6.8
6.9
6.2
4.4
5.8
8.5
7.1
8.0
6.5
5.3
5.0
4.2
6.6
8.2
7.8
7.7
7.7
6.1
4.7
6.6
9.2
8.9
8.9
7.1
6.3
5.7
5.6
7.0
9.2
5.8
5.4
5.7
4.5
3.4
4.9
7.0
6.4
6.7
5.2
4.7
4.2
4.0
5.2
6.9
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
California1
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc.
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
Feb.
1994P
Feb.
1993
Feb.
1994P
See footnotes at end of table.
131
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
3,386.9
51.5
63.5
1,729.7
201.3
107.3
136.9
122.3
3,552.4
52.8
65.5
1,821.1
202.2
111.1
142.1
126.2
3,586.1
53.2
65.5
1,849.9
205.9
111.3
143.6
127.5
205.9
4.5
3.1
94.2
13.9
7.0
7.9
7.6
253.7
5.3
3.7
116.1
14.9
9.3
10.0
10.0
Hawaii
Honolulu
583.2
425.7
605.7
442.6
598.2
438.9
27.9
14.5
Idaho
Boise City
530.8
170.2
573.5
187.3
582.4
191.5
Illinois1
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
5,895.2
76.4
92.9
3,893.7
182.6
58.9
48.6
168.2
181.3
103.8
5,953.6
76.3
90.2
3,939.0
182.4
59.0
49.2
169.0
181.2
103.5
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
2,836.8
56.9
84.8
145.7
244.5
288.2
734.2
49.5
83.2
61.5
124.8
71.3
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
235.3
5.1
3.4
108.2
15.3
8.5
9.3
9.5
6.1
8.7
4.8
5.4
6.9
6.6
5.8
6.2
7.1
10.1
5.6
6.4
7.4
8.3
7.0
7.9
6.6
9.5
5.2
5.9
7.4
7.7
6.5
7.4
28.4
16.1
29.1
16.9
4.8
3.4
4.7
3.6
4.9
3.8
42.0
10.0
36.9
9.4
37.6
8.9
7.9
5.9
6.4
5.0
6.5
4.7
5,974.9
77.2
93.2
3,951.6
182.3
59.0
49.2
168.9
181.8
104.1
496.0
4.5
5.3
310.8
12.9
6.3
4.9
13.9
17.9
7.1
426.9
3.7
4.7
266.3
12.1
5.6
4.4
11.7
14.1
6.2
414.4
3.2
4.5
259.0
11.1
5.3
4.3
10.9
15.6
5.8
8.4
5.9
5.7
8.0
7.1
10.6
10.0
8.3
9.9
6.8
7.2
4.8
5.2
6.8
6.7
9.6
8.9
6.9
7.8
6.0
6.9
4.2
4.9
6.6
6.1
9.0
8.8
6.4
8.6
5.6
2,936.6
60.0
89.9
146.6
249.7
290.5
763.8
52.0
86.6
65.0
128.0
72.6
2,965.5
62.0
89.8
149.1
254.1
295.9
770.0
51.9
87.3
65.4
127.7
72.1
180.7
2.5
4.6
9.5
14.1
22.2
37.6
3.2
3.6
4.3
7.9
5.4
181.6
3.1
4.3
8.9
14.5
21.8
37.9
3.0
4.1
4.2
7.4
6.1
165.8
3.3
3.8
8.5
12.5
19.9
34.5
2.6
3.7
3.9
6.6
5.4
6.4
4.5
5.4
6.5
5.8
7.7
5.1
6.4
4.3
7.0
6.3
7.5
6.2
5.1
4.7
6.1
5.8
7.5
5.0
5.8
4.7
6.4
5.8
8.4
5.6
5.4
4.3
5.7
4.9
6.7
4.5
4.9
4.2
6.0
5.2
7.5
1,518.3
102.1
243.4
49.1
61.6
62.7
68.8
1,549.5
107.1
251.2
51.1
64.6
64.1
68.9
1,552.9
106.7
251.3
51.4
64.0
64.2
69.2
73.2
4.0
9.4
2.9
1.7
2.2
4.1
88.0
5.1
10.7
2.9
2.1
2.6
4.6
76.8
4.5
9.1
2.9
1.8
2.3
4.2
4.8
3.9
3.9
5.8
2.7
3.5
6.0
5.7
4.8
4.2
5.8
3.2
4.1
6.7
4.9
4.2
3.6
5.6
2.9
3.6
6.1
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
1,305.0
48.7
87.0
267.1
1,325.8
48.5
89.6
273.0
1,316.6
48.0
88.8
269.9
67.6
2.6
4.6
13.8
95.2
3.4
6.1
21.7
77.4
2.6
4.7
18.5
5.2
5.4
5.3
5.2
7.2
7.1
6.8
8.0
5.9
5.5
5.3
6.9
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
1,767.0
226.0
496.9
45.6
1,775.5
232.2
506.2
45.3
1,782.5
236.3
510.9
44.8
126.5
9.3
28.2
3.6
94.0
8.3
22.1
2.2
113.8
11.2
29.6
2.5
7.2
4.1
5.7
8.0
5.3
3.6
4.4
4.9
6.4
4.7
5.8
5.5
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
1,867.7
54.7
267.6
75.6
152.0
78.0
65.1
583.9
169.0
1,888.8
55.4
268.3
75.4
154.1
80.3
64.6
584.2
171.9
1,896.4
55.6
271.3
75.7
153.6
79.8
65.6
587.0
172.1
143.2
3.9
16.8
5.9
11.6
7.4
4.5
38.6
12.0
182.9
4.9
22.9
6.6
14.9
8.0
5.7
49.2
16.7
151.8
4.2
19.3
5.6
11.6
6.3
4.9
41.1
13.9
in
7.1
6.3
7.8
7.6
9.5
7.0
6.6
7.1
9.7
8.9
8.5
8.8
9.7
10.0
8.9
8.4
9.7
8.0
7.5
7.1
7.4
7.5
7.9
7.4
7.0
8.1
625.0
50.6
119.3
618.4
50.5
119.5
620.3
50.4
121.4
57.7
5.0
7.7
68.0
5.4
9.1
57.2
4.6
7.7
9.2
9.9
6.5
11.0
10.8
7.7
9.2
9.0
6.3
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.
132
Feb.
1994P
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
172.3
89.1
6.6
7.6
6.4
7.3
6.5
7.4
239.6
109.3
10.2
5.6
16.2
12.2
12.0
4.2
24.2
16.9
223.2
102.5
9.7
5.2
15.4
11.2
10.8
4.0
22.4
15.8
8.3
7.1
10.1
8.3
9.1
9.3
13.2
10.8
9.0
7.8
7.6
6.3
8.5
8.2
8.6
8.0
14.3
10.3
8.6
6.9
7.1
5.9
8.2
7.7
8.3
7.4
13.2
9.8
8.0
6.5
344.7
12.6
6.2
151.0
17.5
31.4
5.5
13.0
17.2
13.5
388.0
14.7
7.3
164.5
20.8
34.8
6.4
15.6
14.0
17.0
401.6
15.5
7.3
169.4
21.5
35.4
6.6
16.2
14.5
17.6
7.5
4.6
7.8
7.3
8.9
6.2
7.8
5.9
7.4
7.2
8.1
5.2
8.7
7.7
10.4
6.7
8.5
6.8
5.9
8.7
8.5
5.5
8.8
8.0
10.8
6.8
8.9
7.1
6.1
9.0
2,548.0
120.0
1,567.5
66.7
90.6
140.6
9.8
68.4
2.3
5.4
133.1
9.1
62.1
2.8
5.9
123.8
9.2
58.3
2.6
4.9
5.8
8.4
4.6
3.7
6.2
5.3
7.7
4.0
4.2
6.6
4.9
7.6
3.7
4.0
5.4
1,213.2
208.0
1,215.9
208.4
81.3
9.9
86.7
9.9
87.6
9.7
6.8
4.8
7.1
4.7
7.2
4.6
2,617.7
861.8
1,257.3
146.9
2,637.7
891.7
1,284.6
154.2
2,609.9
881.7
1,273.3
152.1
170.2
46.0
82.2
8.0
161.8
51.3
75.4
7.8
152.2
45.7
70.3
6.7
6.5
5.3
6.5
5.5
6.1
5.8
5.9
5.1
5.8
5.2
5.5
4.4
Montana
421.4
428.9
430.6
32.1
28.9
28.7
7.6
6.7
6.7
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
829.2
126.6
339.7
876.1
132.4
356.2
886.9
133.6
358.1
25.5
3.3
11.7
27.4
3.6
12.3
27.3
3.3
12.1
3.1
2.6
3.4
3.1
2.7
3.5
3.1
2.4
3.4
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
727.0
517.3
158.1
762.6
556.6
161.4
774.9
564.6
164.4
53.4
36.1
11.9
43.7
31.7
8.9
40.2
29.3
8.1
7.3
7.0
7.5
5.7
5.7
5.5
5.2
5.2
4.9
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
615.4
97.2
97.6
118.6
625.5
97.8
96.8
117.8
613.8
95.4
94.6
117.1
48.8
7.5
7.5
8.3
34.7
5.3
5.5
6.2
36.2
5.5
5.9
6.2
7.9
7.7
7.7
7.0
5.5
5.4
5.7
5.2
5.9
5.7
6.3
5.3
3,942.4
159.0
645.9
272.0
572.2
467.6
985.0
169.2
63.4
4,032.8
162.2
663.9
283.2
591.3
481.8
1,007.9
172.5
64.3
3,991.6
160.8
654.7
279.2
586.3
476.9
996.1
169.9
63.4
326.7
20.2
53.2
29.7
37.9
35.1
81.7
10.7
8.2
293.0
19.2
49.8
27.1
32.1
33.7
73.2
10.2
7.5
307.8
19.7
52.3
27.8
34.5
36.2
76.2
10.4
7.9
8.3
12.7
8.2
10.9
6.6
7.5
8.3
6.3
12.9
7.3
11.9
7.5
9.6
5.4
7.0
7.3
5.9
11.7
7.7
12.3
8.0
9.9
5.9
7.6
7.6
6.1
12.5
743.7
320.8
60.6
70.7
772.3
334.9
62.3
72.9
774.1
335.9
62.9
74.4
52.4
18.5
4.7
2.5
48.8
17.3
5.1
2.3
39.7
13.5
4.4
2.2
7.0
5.8
7.8
3.6
6.3
5.2
8.1
3.1
5.1
4.0
6.9
2.9
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Maryland
Baltimore
2,637.9
1,203.6
2,659.2
1,203.6
2,668.3
1,205.6
173.1
91.6
170.4
88.3
Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
3,150.4
1,736.0
121.2
68.8
187.7
153.4
83.7
42.0
288.2
248.1
3,136.4
1,740.0
119.9
68.0
187.8
151.4
83.7
41.0
280.5
243.2
3,122.6
1,734.6
119.5
67.3
185.1
150.1
82.0
40.8
279.9
242.9
262.9
123.6
12.2
5.7
17.1
14.3
11.0
4.5
25.8
19.3
Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle-Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
4,596.1
276.4
79.7
2,072.2
195.9
503.7
71.1
221.1
232.0
188.5
4,767.6
281.3
83.6
2,138.0
200.2
523.2
75.1
228.2
238.3
195.9
4,748.5
281.4
82.9
2,130.1
199.6
520.6
74.6
227.2
237.1
194.2
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
2,412.0
116.1
1,480.0
62.6
86.1
2,511.3
118.1
1,544.8
66.0
89.6
Mississippi
Jackson
1,198.0
204.5
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis LMA
Springfield
New Jersey1
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon...
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994?
See footnotes at end of table.
133
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Newburgh
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
8,706.6
450.6
129.4
578.1
123.0
43.1
58.4
1,350.0
3,969.8
3,336.6
168.0
568.9
371.7
142.5
8,576.8
461.7
130.3
579.1
119.8
43.6
60.6
1,352.7
3,824.8
3,198.0
167.5
576.4
369.3
144.4
8,560.4
461.4
129.4
579.1
118.6
43.3
61.2
1,346.1
3,810.6
3,186.0
166.8
573.9
370.1
144.5
744.0
25.4
9.2
42.3
8.2
2.7
5.6
91.9
414.3
376.6
11.0
30.8
26.6
11.0
702.1
24.7
9.8
41.2
9.3
2.7
5.4
83.2
379.3
345.0
10.4
32.9
24.7
10.2
North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
3,528.5
103.9
663.9
595.1
544.9
3,496.9
103.9
668.2
595.8
530.7
3,547.6
104.8
675.7
600.1
534.3
200.4
5.4
35.0
27.7
20.4
306.9
45.0
85.5
61.2
320.9
47.2
88.9
65.2
323.8
47.1
90.1
66.2
Ohio1
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
5,433.4
343.8
195.2
781.2
1,075.4
748.7
466.0
300.2
280.2
5,464.2
350.3
200.6
790.9
1,069.5
746.8
464.0
302.9
284.6
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
1,507.1
26.9
43.0
492.3
374.5
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazelton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
See footnotes at end of table.
134
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
724.7
28.0
10.9
46.0
10.3
3.1
6.3
95.9
359.2
320.0
11.8
36.5
28.1
11.5
8.5
5.6
7.1
7.3
6.6
6.4
9.6
6.8
10.4
11.3
6.5
5.4
7.2
7.7
8.2
5.4
7.5
7.1
7.8
6.1
8.9
6.2
9.9
10.8
6.2
5.7
6.7
7.1
8.5
6.1
8.5
7.9
8.7
7.2
10.2
7.1
9.4
10.0
7.0
6.4
7.6
8.0
162.3
4.4
25.2
21.5
15.2
196.0
5.1
29.8
26.6
16.3
5.7
5.2
5.3
4.7
3.7
4.6
4.3
3.8
3.6
2.9
5.5
4.9
4.4
4.4
3.1
15.0
2.4
3.4
2.3
18.1
3.0
3.7
2.7
16.3
2.4
3.7
2.5
4.9
5.2
3.9
3.7
5.6
6.3
4.1
4.2
5.0
5.2
4.1
3.8
5,548.5
357.2
201.7
803.1
1,086.9
760.0
472.4
306.6
286.1
424.3
25.4
15.9
52.4
85.9
41.9
30.9
23.0
27.9
398.7
23.9
16.1
46.0
78.2
40.4
27.5
22.1
25.7
349.1
21.0
13.7
42.6
68.2
34.0
24.1
19.3
21.8
7.8
7.4
8.1
6.7
8.0
5.6
6.6
7.7
10.0
7.3
6.8
8.0
5.8
7.3
5.4
5.9
7.3
9.0
6.3
5.9
6.8
5.3
6.3
4.5
5.1
6.3
7.6
1,561.0
28.0
43.7
509.8
390.6
1,560.3
28.1
43.9
507.9
388.1
96.6
1.2
2.6
25.2
24.0
111.7
1.4
3.2
30.0
27.3
117.2
1.4
3.3
30.5
29.7
6.4
4.6
6.0
5.1
6.4
7.2
5.0
7.2
5.9
7.0
7.5
5.1
7.4
6.0
7.6
1,549.4
147.2
76.9
899.2
145.6
1,579.7
149.1
78.7
912.7
147.8
1,585.4
149.8
78.6
910.9
149.8
130.9
12.9
7.7
63.7
11.5
126.4
12.1
7.3
49.0
12.4
130.1
12.8
7.6
51.0
12.3
8.5
8.8
10.0
7.1
7.9
8.0
8.1
9.3
5.4
8.4
8.2
8.6
9.7
5.6
8.2
5,874.5
275.1
61.2
138.1
327.4
106.3
224.9
2,459.4
1,144.8
177.2
342.5
54.6
64.0
57.7
187.4
5,762.1
266.2
62.0
136.5
324.7
105.9
222.9
2,383.5
1,143.9
175.0
339.7
52.2
61.4
55.8
186.8
5,727.2
265.7
61.4
135.7
319.0
104.0
220.2
2,388.3
1,129.3
173.4
336.5
52.3
63.0
55.7
184.7
478.8
22.7
5.2
11.0
19.1
13.6
12.7
192.8
90.8
13.0
31.7
6.7
4.5
5.6
12.6
388.3
18.0
4.7
9.8
17.2
11.0
11.6
142.0
78.6
9.7
27.3
4.2
3.7
4.9
10.5
351.5
17.2
4.1
8.9
13.8
9.9
9.7
141.0
68.8
9.1
24.8
3.7
3.0
4.3
9.1
8.2
8.3
8.5
8.0
5.8
12.8
5.6
7.8
7.9
7.3
9.3
12.3
7.0
9.8
6.7
6.7
6.8
7.6
7.2
5.3
10.4
5.2
6.0
6.9
5.5
8.0
8.1
6.0
8.7
5.6
6.1
6.5
6.7
6.5
4.3
9.5
4.4
5.9
6.1
5.2
7.4
7.2
4.7
7.6
4.9
514.7
593.1
523.4
600.0
515.4
592.1
47.5
59.3
59.2
67.8
46.5
55.5
9.2
10.0
11.3
11.3
9.0
9.4
1,792.5
244.0
248.3
451.8
1,756.1
234.4
240.9
448.0
1,812.9
241.6
248.7
462.1
139.3
16.1
14.7
27.8
109.6
12.9
10.2
19.3
129.0
15.3
12.1
23.6
7.8
6.6
5.9
6.1
6.2
5.5
4.2
4.3
7.1
6.3
4.8
5.1
346.8
39.8
80.1
352.4
40.5
82.6
357.6
41.1
83.4
14.0
1.8
2.8
10.6
1.3
1.9
12.1
1.5
2.4
4.0
4.5
3.4
3.0
3.2
2.2
3.4
3.7
2.9
Feb.
1994P
'
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994^
155.9
11.9
14.6
18.7
26.9
23.1
6.1
5.4
5.9
5.6
5.7
4.4
6.1
5.7
6.8
5.6
5.7
4.1
6.1
5.4
6.6
5.7
5.5
4.1
702.4
4.0
5.5
23.5
20.6
8.6
5.1
3.5
6.8
5.7
4.5
3.9
10.2
7.3
13.6
3.1
9.3
5.7
10.4
6.2
8.2
6.8
5.5
9.1
8.9
4.7
16.7
7.1
5.5
5.2
6.9
9.1
6.4
6.2
5.3
5.6
7.6
6.8
5.2
4.2
32.6
9.8
3.1
39.0
3.5
5.7
5.7
3.0
5.4
4.0
8.1
6.2
5.8
4.4
12.1
8.5
13.3
3.7
9.9
7.1
11.3
7.5
9.3
8.2
6.7
10.2
11.0
5.9
19.1
9.3
5.9
6.4
8.7
8.6
8.1
6.8
6.9
6.9
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1994P
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
2,433.9
208.3
215.9
310.8
474.6
537.4
2,544.9
219.7
219.4
326.1
491.8
565.1
2,552.4
219.6
220.0
326.9
492.3
567.9
148.0
11.2
12.8
17.5
26.9
23.6
155.8
12.5
14.9
18.2
27.9
23.1
Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
8,934.5
57.3
100.3
530.6
183.7
9,254.5
9,241.2
58.9
725.1
105.3
630.4
3.4
4.7
22.0
187.2
186.9
100.4
108.0
113.8
122.0
68.2
171.1
1,645.4
283.0
107.6
121.0
68.7
171.4
1,648.1
283.2
788.8
124.6
1,925.9
104.8
65.2
100.3
117.0
5.8
23.5
22.3
8.5
15.2
2.4
16.5
111.9
30.6
57.8
11.3
153.8
6.7
6.3
10.6
6.8
32.2
65.5
167.6
1,578.0
269.4
769.3
122.3
1,877.6
100.3
61.9
96.8
114.5
168.7
114.8
48.7
660.6
45.3
59.0
105.7
562.4
793.0
123.7
1,937.5
105.2
65.2
99.9
115.9
177.7
117.4
50.1
558.6
179.9
Feb.
1993
Jan.
1994
Feb.
1993
3.6
19.0
7.9
16.6
2.1
15.9
93.3
29.5
49.1
10.2
131.7
5.8
6.0
8.9
5.4
29.7
8.3
2.8
35.7
3.2
5.1
5.2
2.7
Feb.
16.0
2.4
17.6
105.6
34.0
54.2
11.7
146.9
6.7
6.8
10.3
6.2
11.0
8.0
13.2
3.5
10.3
6.4
12.0
6.9
9.4
7.6
6.4
10.5
10.3
5.3
18.1
8.4
6.2
5.7
7.6
10.1
7.0
6.9
5.7
6.4
78.7
39.8
93.6
60.6
81.8
117.1
50.1
686.8
46.3
57.0
81.7
43.1
96.3
62.7
43.1
95.9
62.9
10.7
2.9
42.4
4.0
4.8
6.4
2.7
6.5
4.2
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen
870.4
127.4
564.1
953.3
139.8
616.4
955.1
140.6
616.7
39.0
5.2
23.2
31.7
3.9
18.9
35.2
4.4
20.6
4.5
4.1
4.1
3.3
2.8
3.1
3.7
3.1
3.3
Vermont
Burlington
314.7
90.3
305.9
88.7
311.2
21.8
4.9
18.4
4.1
19.4
4.4
6.9
5.4
6.0
4.7
6.2
4.8
Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
3,348.3
3,362.8
69.9
57.3
69.5
3,363.3
70.9
58.3
106.0
183.4
2.8
185.4
3.2
4.1
126.5
127.7
492.2
126.3
187.3
2.7
4.0
5.4
39.8
26.4
6.6
42.8
24.1
5.8
5.6
3.9
7.0
5.2
5.8
5.4
5.2
5.5
4.1
6.8
5.6
6.2
4.8
4.8
5.5
4.5
7.0
5.3
6.2
4.9
4.6
Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
2,661.7
1,196.3
2,784.2
1,259.3
2,742.7
1,234.4
238.7
84.1
189.2
70.4
204.3
77.1
9.0
7.0
6.8
5.6
7.5
6.2
770.8
120.8
133.8
74.4
71.3
766.3
121.8
128.2
72.8
70.6
765.8
121.1
128.6
73.8
71.6
92.7
89.2
10.2
12.1
6.7
7.7
12.0
8.8
11.0
10.4
11.1
11.8
9.2
9.2
9.5
11.3
11.6
8.4
9.4
9.1
7.9
90.4
11.2
11.8
6.9
8.0
2,647.4
198.7
2,751.0
207.0
73.3
2,799.1
121.0
76.3
73.6
68.3
244.8
111 A
59.6
68.7
134.2
7.9
4.8
5.0
4.4
3.7
3.2
5.4
30.5
5.6
2.2
3.8
140.2
9.2
4.4
5.5
4.1
3.6
3.0
5.9
32.9
5.5
2.3
3.8
163.1
10.2
5.2
6.3
4.8
4.2
3.4
7.0
37.0
6.5
2.3
4.9
5.1
4.0
6.8
4.5
6.1
5.4
4.8
2.3
4.1
6.3
4.1
5.9
5.1
4.5
6.0
4.6
5.5
4.9
4.5
2.5
4.3
5.9
3.9
5.7
5.8
4.9
6.9
5.2
6.4
5.8
5.0
2.8
4.8
7.0
3.8
7.1
246.4
32.3
16.1
2.6
24.1
3.5
19.9
3.0
8.5
9.7
11.0
8.1
9.3
Waco
Wichita Falls
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
55.9
103.9
691.1
486.8
71.3
112.6
72.7
688.6
46.4
56.7
57.8
106.5
698.2
490.7
Wausau
88.1
55.3
64.6
120.2
75.0
73.5
66.4
238.5
768.3
91.8
59.0
67.0
Wyoming
Casper
234.2
31.0
247.5
32.3
69.0
65.2
230.2
742.4
1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey (CPS). See the
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error Section for Region, State, and Area
Labor Force Data.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data, beginning 1994, are not directly
comparable with those for 1993 and prior years as a result of the redesign of the
695.0
209.4
75.7
93.6
10.6
14.7
7.8
3.9
6.0
43.5
23.7
6.2
5.6
10.8
CPS. In addition, data comparisons are affected by the incorporation of 1990
census-based population controls (covering the 1990-93 period) and other
methodological changes. For additional information, see "Revisions in State and
Area Estimates Effective January 1994" in the March 1994 issue of Employment
and Earnings.
135
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-1.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Employment status,
sex, and age
1993
1992
IV
IV
1994
IV
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
189,112 189,523 189,978 190,449 190,888 191,310 191,786 192,319 192,796 193,288 193,799 194,315 196,085
125,023 125,424 125,219 125,579 126,301 127,074 127,334 127,230 127,355 127,890 128,181 128,713 130,674
66.4
65.9
65.9
66.2
66.1
66.2
66.2
66.1
66.1
66.2
66.4
66.6
66.2
116,876 116,978 116,795 116,827 117,101 117,567 117,761 117,951 118,394 118,984 119,543 120,311 122,088
61.4
61.3
61.5
61.7
61.4
61.3
61.3
61.8
61.7
61.6
61.5
62.3
61.9
8,148 8,446 8,424 8,752 9,200 9,507 9,573 9,279 8,961 8,906 8,638 8,402 8,586
7.5
7.0
6.7
6.7
7.0
7.3
7.3
6.5
6.7
7.0
7.5
6.6
6.5
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
90,207
68,324
75.7
63,679
70.6
2,504
61,175
4,645
6.8
21,883
90,418
68,455
75.7
63,613
70.4
2,575
61,038
4,842
7.1
21,963
90,662
68,400
75.4
63,523
70.1
2,583
60,940
4,877
7.1
22,262
90,921
68,479
75.3
63,521
69.9
2,519
61,002
4,958
7.2
22,442
91,165
68,769
75.4
63,457
69.6
2,484
60,973
5,312
7.7
22,396
91,393
69,287
75.8
63,602
69.8
2.527
61,275
5,485
7.9
22,106
91,652
69,347
75.7
63.893
69.7
2,567
61,326
5,454
7.9
22,305
91,952
69,334
75.4
64,042
69.6
2,548
61,494
5,292
7.6
22,616
92,214
69,371
75.2
64,307
69.7
2,497
61,810
5,064
7.3
22,843
92,482
69,633
75.3
64,582
69.8
2,435
62,146
5,052
7.3
22,849
92,754
69,719
75.2
64,796
69.9
2,399
62,397
4,923
7.1
23,035
93,030
69,788
75.0
65,125
70.0
2,439
62,685
4,663
6.7
23,242
93,978
70,639
75.2
65,942
70.2
2,571
63,371
4,697
6.6
23,339
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force...,
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
83,376
64,603
77.5
60,661
72.8
2,305
58,357
3,942
6.1
18,773
83,650
64,845
77.5
60,726
72.6
2,373
58,354
4,119
6.4
18,805
83,943
64,887
77.3
60,713
72.3
2,389
58,324
4,174
6.4
19,056
84,254
64,983
77.1
60,734
72.1
2,352
58,382
4,249
6.5
19,271
84,535
65,252
77.2
60,696
71.8
2,328
58,368
4,556
7.0
19,283
84,756
65,773
77.6
61,058
72.0
2,365
58,693
4,715
7.2
18,983
85,010
65,775
77.4
61,109
71.9
2,379
58,731
4,666
7.1
19,235
85,262
65,753
77.1
61,195
71.8
2,341
58,854
4,558
6.9
19,509
85,554
65,792
76.9
61,464
71.8
2,295
59,170
4,328
6.6
19,762
85,806
66,041
77.0
61,756
72.0
2,246
59,510
4,285
6.5
19,765
86,009
66,133
76.9
61,925
72.0
2,231
59,695
4,208
6.4
19,876
86,258
66,275
76.8
62,310
72.2
2,286
60,025
3,965
6.0
19,983
86,833
66,764
76.9
62,826
72.4
2,349
60,476
3,939
5.9
20,069
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
98,905
56,699
57.3
53,197
53.8
673
52,524
3,502
6.2
42,206
99,106
56,969
57.5
53,365
53.8
671
52,694
3,604
6.3
42,137
99,316
56,820
57.2
53,272
53.6
686
52,586
3,548
6.2
42,496
99,528
57,101
57.4
53,306
53.6
690
52,616
3,795
6.6
42,427
99,723
57,532
57.7
53,644
53.8
703
52,941
3,888
6.6
42,191
99,917
57,787
57.8
53,765
53.8
693
53,073
4,022
7.0
42,130
100,135
57,988
57.9
53,868
53.8
655
53,214
4,119
7.1
42,147
100,367
57,896
57.7
53,909
53.7
646
53,263
3,987
6.9
42,471
100,582
57,984
57.6
54,087
53.8
635
53,452
3,897
6.7
42,598
100,807
58,257
57.8
54,402
54.0
623
53,779
3,854
6.6
42,550
101,045
58,462
57.9
54,747
54.2
648
54,100
3,715
6.4
42,583
101,285
58,926
58.2
55,187
54.5
638
54,549
3,739
6.
42,359
102,107
60,035
58.8
56,147
55.0
812
55,335
3.888
6.5
42.072
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
92,203
53,263
57.8
50,347
54.6
640
49,707
2,916
5.5
38,940
92,453
53,590
58.0
50,553
54.7
628
49,925
3,037
5.7
38,863
92,724
53,620
57.8
50,647
54.6
646
50,001
2,973
5.5
39,104
92,955
53,804
57.9
50,606
54.4
658
49,947
3,199
5.9
39,151
93,196
54,301
58.3
50,985
54.7
659
50,326
3,316
6.1
38,895
93,405
54,578
58.4
51,168
54.8
649
50,519
3,410
6.2
38,827
93,633
54,778
58.5
51,266
54.8
606
50,660
3,512
6.4
38,855
93,860
54,727
58.3
51,315
54.7
601
50,714
3,412
6.2
39,133
94,081
54,772
58.2
51,468
54.7
595
50,873
3,304
6.0
39,309
94,264
54,987
58.3
51,728
54.9
592
51,136
3,259
5.9
39,277
94,497
55,200
58.4
52,019
55.0
609
51,410
3,181
5.8
39,297
94,710
55,622
58.7
52,432
55.599
51,833
3,190
5.
39.088
95,164
56,489
59.4
53,179
55.9
761
52,419
3,309
5.9
38,676
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
13,532 13,420 13,312 13,239 13,157 13,149 13,144 13,196 13,160 13,218 13,293 13.347 14,088
7,158 6,989 6,712 6,792 6,747 6,723 6,781 6,749 6,791 6,862 6,848 6,816 7,421
52.7
51.5
51.
51.1
51.6
51.9
51.6
51.3
51.3
50.4
52.1
51.1
52.9
5,868 5,699 5,435 5,487 5,420 5,341 5,386 5,441 5,462 5,500 5,599 5,569 6,083
43.2
41.
41.5
41.6
42.1
41.0
41.2
41.4
41.2
40.6
40.8
42.5
43.4
273
192
243
220
208
237
252
200
198
206
233
246
233
5,376 5,811
5,219
5,280
5,391
5,149
5,189
5,220
5,289
5,135
5,202
5,635 5,453
1.338
1,248
1.249
1,395
1,309 1,329 1,362
1,327
1,305
1,382
1,277
1,290
1,290
18.0
18.3
19.6
19.8
18.2
19.4
20.6
19.7
20.6
19.2
19.0
18.5
18.0
6,374 6,431 6,600 6,447 6,410 6,426 6,363 6,447 6,369 6,356 6,445 6,531 6,667
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in tables D-1
through D-10 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Data for 1994 are
2
136
not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For
additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and
Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
1994
1993
1992
IV
IV
IV
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
161,095 161,357 161,646 161,947 162,223 162,486 162,788 163,135 163,438 163,751 164,078 164,415 165,093
107,298 107,609 107,399 107,693 108,149 108,565 108,706 108,689 108,816 109,133 109,510 109,943 110,789
66.9
66.7
66.6
66.6
67.1
66.6
66.8
66.7
66.4
66.5
66.8
66.6
66.7
101,075 101,157 100,919 101,000 101,185 101,450 101,515 101,761 102,119 102,508 103,036 103,581 104,446
63.0
62.8
62.6
62.5
63.3
62.4
62.4
62.7
62.4
62.4
62.4
62.7
62.4
6,697 6,625 6,474 6,362 6,343
6,927
7,191
6,692 6,964 7,116
6,223 6,452 6,480
5.8
5.9
6.1
6.2
5.7
6.4
6.6
6.0
6.0
6.2
6.6
5.8
6.4
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
56,076 56,268 56,308 56,335 56,540 56,900 56,912 56,895 56,960 57,059 57,143 57,264 57,349
77.4
77.4
77.4
77.5
77.5
77.6
78.0
77.8
77.9
77.9
77.6
77.7
77.8
52,976 53,054 52,995 52,986 53,003 53,247 53,320 53,400 53,625 53,798 53,925 54,235 54,355
73.4
73.3
73.1
73.1
73.0
72.8
73.0
72.9
73.6
73.5
73.0
72.8
73.2
2,994
3,029
3,218
3,100 3,214 3,313 3,349 3,537 3,653 3,592 3,495 3,335 3,261
5.2
5.3
5.6
5.7
5.9
6.1
6.3
5.5
5.7
5.9
6.3
6.4
5.9
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
45,072 45,321 45,282 45,477 45,832 45,950 46,041 46,063 46,083 46,264 46,525 46,783 47,130
59.1
58.6
58.4
58.0
58.1
57.6
57.7
58.1
58.1
58.1
58.1
57.8
57.6
42,911 43,074 43,074 43,133 43,399 43,492 43,445 43,565 43,673 43,863 44,188 44,390 44,786
56.1
55.6
55.4
55.0
54.9
54.9
55.0
54.8
55.1
55.0
54.8
54.9
54.8
2,409 2,400 2,338 2,394 2,344
2,498
2,597
2,344
2,433 2,458
2,161
2,247
2,208
5.1
5.0
5.4
5.6
5.2
5.0
5.2
5.2
5.3
5.3
4.8
5.0
4.9
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
6,150
56.8
5,189
47.9
962
15.6
16.8
14.3
6,020
56.2
5,028
46.9
992
16.5
17.9
15.0
5,809
54.6
4,850
45.6
959
16.5
17.6
15.3
5,881
55.5
4,881
46.1
1,000
17.0
17.8
16.1
5,776
54.8
4,782
45.3
994
17.2
18.9
15.4
5,715
54.5
4,711
44.9
1,005
17.6
18.9
16.1
5,753
54.9
4,750
45.3
1,002
17.4
18.9
15.8
5,731
54.5
4,796
45.6
935
16.3
16.9
15.6
5,773
54.8
4,820
45.8
953
16.5
17.6
15.3
5,810
55.0
4,846
45.9
963
16.6
18.1
15.0
5,842
55.1
4,924
46.5
918
15.7
17.4
13.9
5,895
55.4
4,956
46.6
940
15.9
17.5
14.3
6,310
56.3
5,305
47.4
1,005
15.9
17.3
14.4
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1.
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
21,493 21,568 21,656 21,744 21,828 21,909 21,997 22,096 22,186 22,281 22,376 22,474 22,749
13,541 13,546 13,536 13,548 13,737 13,873 14,017 13,931 13,898 13,911 13,947 14,004 14,476
63.0
62.8
62.3
62.9
62.5
62.3
62.4
63.7
63.3
62.6
63.0
63.6
62.3
11,901 11,852 11,886 11,813 11,834 11,894 12,034 11,963 12,004 12,060 12,187 12,329 12,618
55.4
55.0
54.3
54.9
54.2
54.1
54.5
54.3
54.7
54.1
54.1
54.9
55.5
1,641
1,693
1,735
1,903
1,650
1,760
1,851
1,979
1,983
1,894
1,968
1,676
1,858
12.1
12.5
12.8
13.9
12.2
12.6
13.3
14.1
14.3
14.1
13.6
12.8
12.0
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
6,373
74.0
5,658
65.7
714
11.2
6,342
73.4
5,580
64.6
763
12.0
6,359
73.1
5,633
64.8
726
11.4
6,382
72.9
5,655
64.6
727
11.4
6,434
73.2
5,565
63.3
869
13.5
6,475
73.3
5,609
63.5
866
13.4
6,494
73.2
5,614
63.2
880
13.6
6,485
72.7
5,619
63.0
866
13.3
6,503
72.5
5,676
63.3
826
12.7
6,465
71.7
5,657
62.8
808
12.5
6,523
72.1
5,741
63.4
782
12.0
6,493
71.4
5,761
63.4
733
11.3
6,631
72.7
5,864
64.3
767
11.6
6,380
59.2
5,741
53.3
639
10.0
6,456
59.7
5,781
53.4
676
10.5
6,459
59.5
5,806
53.4
653
10.1
6,438
59.0
5,699
52.2
739
11.5
6,516
59.5
5,773
52.7
743
11.4
6,627
60.2
5,826
53.0
801
12.1
6,720
60.8
5,945
53.8
775
11.5
6,657
60.0
5,877
53.0
781
11.7
6,607
59.3
5,856
52.6
751
11.4
6,651
59.5
5,943
53.2
708
10.6
6,645
59.2
5,942
53.0
703
10.6
6,766
60.1
6,104
54.2
662
9.8
7,009
61.3
6,199
54.2
810
11.6
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
137
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
1991
1992
1993
IV
1994
IV
IV
BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
789
37.3
502
23.7
287
36.4
36.7
36.1
747
35.4
492
23.3
255
34.1
36.2
31.8
718
34.3
447
21.3
271
37.8
37.1
38.5
728
35.0
459
22.1
269
36.9
36.0
38.0
787
37.9
496
23.9
291
36.9
38.1
35.6
771
37.2
459
22.1
313
40.5
44.1
36.8
803
38.8
475
22.9
328
40.8
43.5
37.9
789
38.0
467
22.5
322
40.8
42.7
38.6
788
37.8
472
22.6
316
40.1
41.1
39.0
795
38.1
460
22.0
335
42.1
42.1
42.2
779
37.0
504
23.9
276
35.4
37.5
33.0
745
35.2
464
21.9
281
37.8
39.5
36.0
836
38.1
555
25.3
281
33.6
38.5
28.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
14,593 14,711 14,829 14,948 15,066 15,184 15,303 15,421 15,542 15,682 15,824 15,966 17,895
9,834 9,875 10,021 10,105 10,184 10,219 10,270 10,255 10,380 10,595 11,817
9,633 9,721
66.0
66.4
65.4
66.1
66.3
66.5
66.5
66.1
66.3
65.6
66.6
66.1
66.0
9,458 10,608
9,200 9,318
8,725 8,785 8,827 8,864 8,902 8,959 8,988 9,035 9,110
59.2
58.7
58.6
58.6
58.7
59.1
59.3
59.5
59.3
58.9
59.0
59.7
59.8
1,138
1,184
1,119
1,011
1,007
1,209
1,061
1,054
1,160
1,196
1,146
937
908
10.7
11.6
11.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.3
11.3
11.7
11.3
9.6
9.4
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
2
138
Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-3. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
Full- and part-time status, sex,
and age
1994
1993
1992
IV
IV
IV
EMPLOYED
96,633
56,991
55,899
39,636
38,797
1,937
96,528
56,806
55,822
39,630
38,892
1,815
96,353
56,770
55,704
39,662
38,924
1,725
96,624
56,662
55,592
40,033
39,295
1,737
97,077
56,859
55,895
40,149
39,420
1,763
97,273
57,056
56,006
40,283
39,556
1,711
97,718
57,323
56,286
40,444
39,732
1,701
98,131
57,444
56,446
40,657
39,907
1,777
99,304
58,085
56,986
41,252
40,492
1,826
98,334
58,027
56,993
40,325
39,541
1,800
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
96,802
57,179
55,982
39,642
38,815
2,005
Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
20,079 20,314 20,379 20,423 20,429 20,435 20,794 20,625 20,628 20,823 21,011 21,006 23,704
6,584 6,736 6,782 6,820 6,737 7,051 7,015 6,976 7,080 7,080 7,087 7,892
6,515
4,815 4,920 5,013 5,104 5,029 5,260 5,174 5,177 5,295 5,267 5,314 5,829
13,551 13,717 13,654 13,654 13,608 13,683 13,730 13,631 13,653 13,723 13,916 13,947 15,816
11,537 11,752 11,735 11,695 11,702 11,798 11,813 11,771 11,761 11,822 11,903 11,955 13,633
3,680 3,690 3,706 3,841
3,737 4,242
3,843 3,747 3,725 3,715 3,623 3,608 3,721
97,105
57,015
56,014
40,062
39,372
1,719
98,588
57,725
56,684
40,835
40,075
1,829
UNEMPLOYED
Looking for full-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
6,702
4,112
3,709
2,642
2,363
631
6,913
4,201
3,855
2,689
2,454
604
6,952
4,229
3,904
2,691
2,418
630
7,212
4,325
3,966
2,861
2,628
619
7,624
4,793
4,291
2,957
2,728
605
7,859
4,786
4,436
3,035
2,764
659
7,904
4,679
4,385
3,194
2,898
621
7,610
4,555
4,261
3,003
2,778
572
7,337
4,479
4,064
2,929
2,682
591
7,271
4,342
4,002
2,906
2,649
620
7,101
4,255
3,938
2,846
2,590
574
6,837
4,045
3,700
2,794
2,567
570
7,041
4,026
3,657
3,002
2,765
620
Looking for part-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
1,443
596
239
845
552
652
1,522
613
256
898
578
688
1,490
605
277
886
561
652
1,534
611
273
926
574
1,576
663
271
920
586
718
1,631
659
267
959
638
726
1,683
705
290
980
620
773
1,671
697
290
973
645
736
1,627
666
269
962
620
737
1.621
686
274
926
601
746
1,542
644
273
896
599
670
1,559
625
261
947
623
675
1,555
675
290
879
545
720
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
6.5
6.7
6.2
6.2
5.7
23.9
6.7
6.9
6.5
6.4
5.9
23.8
6.7
6.9
6.5
6.4
5.9
25.8
7.0
7.1
6.6
6.7
6.3
26.4
7.3
7.8
7.2
6.9
6.5
25.8
7.5
7.7
7.3
7.0
6.6
27.7
7.5
7.6
7.3
7.4
6.8
26.0
7.3
7.4
7.1
6.9
6.6
25.0
7.0
7.2
6.7
6.8
6.3
25.8
6.9
7.0
6.6
6.7
6.2
25.9
6.7
6.9
6.5
6.5
6.1
23.9
6.4
6.5
6.1
6.3
6.0
23.8
6.7
6.5
6.0
6.9
6.5
25.6
Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
6.7
8.4
4.8
5.9
4.6
14.5
7.0
8.5
5.1
6.1
4.7
15.5
6.8
8.2
5.3
6.1
4.6
14.9
7.0
8.3
5.2
6.4
4.7
15.6
7.2
8.9
5.0
6.3
4.8
16.5
7.4
8.9
5.0
6.5
7.5
9.1
5.2
6.7
5.0
17.2
7.5
9.0
5.3
6.7
5.2
16.7
7.3
8.7
4.9
6.6
5.0
16.6
7.2
8.8
4.9
6.3
4.8
16.8
6.8
8.3
4.9
6.1
4.8
14.9
6.9
8.1
4.7
6.4
5.0
15.3
6.2
7.9
4.7
5.3
3.8
14.5
UNEMPLOYMENT RATES1
1
These rates reflect a refined definition of the full- and part-time labor
force and differ from the rates published elsewhere in this publication
prior to 1994.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
5.t
16.8
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
139
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-4. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1991
1992
1994
1993
Category
IV
IV
IV
MARITAL STATUS
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
116,876 116,978 116,795 116,827 117,101 117,567 117,761 117,951 118,394 118,984 119,543 120,311 122,088
40,459 40,346 40,501 40,389 40,072 40,290 40,313 40,536 40,792 40,983 40,832 40,870 41,381
29,631 29,729 29,890 29,846 29,910 30,175 30,244 30,219 30,428 30,309 30,456 30,855 31,533
6,427 6,416
6,475 6,511 6,576 6,555 6,585 6,615 6,671 6,833 6,826 6,727 7,100
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
30,826 30,924 30,977 31,321 30,974 31,040 31,132 31,461
31,963 31,979 32,461 32,713 33,094
36,228
15,822
13,424
17,174
3,439
36,157
15,917
13,217
17,153
3,500
36,013
16,102
13,009
17,286
3,474
35,978
16,100
12,985
17,064
3,404
36,789
16,080
12,956
16,920
3,423
36,942
16,038
13,072
16,949
3,403
36,838
16,157
13,234
16,982
3,488
36,683
16,115
13,219
16,977
3,503
36,524
16,400
13,004
17,153
3,374
1,617
1,419
139
1,698
1,440
111
1,699
1,459
116
1,653
1,449
114
1,681
1,416
1,718
1,389
112
1,706
1,403
1,668
1,620
1,612
1,388
130
1,382
1,345
107
104,660
86,834
981
85,853
17,826
8,861
104,518
86,553
974
85,578
17,966
36,711 36,968 37,061 37,221
16,523 16,494 16,674 16,998
13,281 13,498 13,491 13,563
17,048 16,906 17,054 17,637
3,319
3,289 3,334 3,647
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Government
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
229
96
104,464 104,444 105,102
86,605 86,497 87,321
1,028
983
1,078
85,577 85,514 86,243
17,859 17,947 17,782
8,970 8,877 8,888 8,620
230
213
231
228
1,700
1,285
93
1,679
1,628
58
105,547 105,678 105,829 106,172 106,624 107,253 107,983
87,615 87,304 87,571 87,687 88,073 88,763 89,492
1,114
1,159
1,104
1,095 1,087 1,111 1,129
86,501 86,145 86,466 86,592 86,986 87,652 88,364
17,932 18,374 18,259 18,485 18,551 18,490 18,491
8,528 8,648 8,683 8,896 9,084 9,023 9,008
251
235
212
224
193
233
223
109,479
91,214
1,012
110
127
1,620
1,318
98
90,202
18,265
9,149
134
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons
15,037
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons
5,533 5,684 5,793 6,099 6,235 6,020 6,027 6,187 6,081 6,200 6,201 5,932 4,663
2,933 3,004 2,988 3,132 3,073 3,018 3,049 2,996 2,938 3,066 2,992 2,918 2,340
2,255 2,398 2,518 2,649 2,850 2,719 2,721 2,903 2,842 2,846 2,889 2,744 2,036
14,623 14,694 14,531 14,423 14,173 14,421 14,465 14,392 14,408 14,599 14,759 14,852 17,010
5,828
3,128
2,325
5,948 6,081
3,199
3,176
2,480
2,604
15,119 14,991
6,359
3,314
2,723
6,300
3,231
6,273
3,205
2,795
6,447 6,322 6,443 6,438 6,182
3,172
3,101
3,236 3,156 3,069
2,905 2,931 2,953 2,837
2,930 2,793
2,978
14,896 14,624 14,827 14,908 14,816 14,843 15,006 15,173 15,288
1
Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from
their jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation,
illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes
persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during
the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad
140
6,527
3,258
4,934
2,467
2,112
17,646
weather.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-5. Employed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1991
1992
1993
1994
Age and sex
Total, 16 years and over
116,8761116,9781116,795 116,8271117.101 117,5671117,761 117,951 118,394| 118,984 119,543 120,311 122,088
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
18,259
5,868
2,215|
3,6561
12,391 i
98,636 j
83,940
14,692
Men, 16 years and over ...
17,918 17,601 17,648
5,435
5,699
5,487
2,044
2,151
2,091
3,407
3,545
3,404
12,219 12,166 12,161
99,041 99,205 99,1781
84,341 84,530 8 4 , 6 3 5 S
14,669 14,684 14,572
63,6791 63,613 63,523
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over....
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .
63,521
17,563 17,491 17,561
5.341
5,420
5,386
2,037
2,037
2,074
3,294
3,322
3,392
12,143 12,150 12,175
99,547 100,062 100,200
84,789 85,322 85,541
14,761 14,701 14,653
63,457
63,802
63,893
17,595
5,441
2,050
3,386
12,155
100,364
85,734
14,666
17,629
5,462
2,079
3,372
12,167
100,770
86,093
14,702
17,669 17,706 17,673 18,753
5,500
5,599
5,569 6,083
2,111
2,177
2.199
2,383
3,384
3,416
3.377
3,679
12.169 12,107 12,105 12,669
101,301 101,838 102,650 103,356
86,556 87,142 87,881 88,547
14,698 14,676 14.808 14,837
64,042 64,307 64,582 64,796 65,125
65,942
9,494
9,318
9,212
9.160J 9,047
9,183
9,242
9,157
9,082
9,243
9,209
9,172
9,801
3,017
2,810
2,787
2,887
2,761
2,784
2,847
2,744
2,826
2,871
2,843
2,814
3,116
1,151
1,106
1,053
1.056J 1,028
1.037
1,076
1,087
1,068
1,085
1,121
1,130
1,207
1,866
1,777
1,766
1,7381 1,746
1,700
1,769
1.718
1,751
1,736
1,739
1,692
1,896
6,4771 6,431
6,402
6,373 i 6,286
6,338
6,395
6,399
6.400
6,331
6,338
6,357
6,685
54,192 54,280 54,317 54,365 54,411 54,705 54.715 54,806 55.067 55,410 55,595 55.961 56,161
45,868 45,912 46,029 46,101 46,041 46,305 46,451 46,553 46,761 47,113 47,358 47.716 48.020
8,342
8,292
8,282
8,339
8,382
8,372
8,277
8.262
8,268
8,320
8,225
8,271
8.162
Women, 16 years and over.
53,197
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over....
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .
53,365
53,272
53,306 j 53,644
53,765
53,868
53,909
54.087 54,402 54,747
55,187
56,147
8,489
8,765
8,600
8,388
8,516
8,409
8,378
8,353
8,386
8,512
8.498
8,502
8,951
2,700
2,850
2,812
2,625
2,659
2,597
2,603
2,594
2,619
2,674
2.728
2.754
2,968
1,035
1,064
1,044
991
1,009
1,000
1,007
974
994
1,025
1.056
1,068
1,176
1,789
1,767
1,642
1,6661 1,646
1,594
1.604
1,617
1,621
1,648
1,677
1,685
1,783
5,915
5,788
5,788
5,857
5,759
5,763
5,812
5.776
5,767 5,838
5,747
5,769
5,984
44,443 44,761 44,888 44,813 45,136 45,357 45,486 45,557 45,703 45,892 46,242 46,690 47,195
38,072 38,429 38,500 38,534 38,748 39,016 39,090 39,181 39,333 39,443 39,784 40,166 40,527
6,350
6,2911 6.379
6.330
6,392
6,330
6,391
6,390
6,430
6.537
6,382
6.452
6,676
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
D-6. Unemployed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994
1993
1992
1991
Age and sex
I
Total 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 vears
20 to 24 vGars
25 years and over
25 to 54 vears
55 vears and over
. ..
Men 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 vears
16 to 17 vears
18 to 19 vears
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 vears
55 vears and over
.. .
Women 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 vears
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 vears and over
25 to 54 vears
55 vears and over
. .
II
III
IV
II
III
IV
I
II
III
IV
I
8,148
8,446
8,424
8,752
9,200
9,507
9,573
9,279
8,961
8,906
8,638
8,402
8,586
2,685
1,290
534
748
1 395
5,471
4,888
583
2,749
1,290
544
756
1,459
5,695
5,058
612
2,773
1,277
573
701
1,495
5,651
5,064
590
2.870
1,305
593
717
1,565
5,864
5.281
614
2,859
1,327
580
738
1,532
6,352
5,663
684
2.919
1.382
642
751
1,537
6,586
5,784
767
2,977
1,395
630
758
1.582
6,600
5.823
786
2,833
1,309
599
714
1,524
6,431
5,745
717
2,828
1,329
623
697
1,499
6,145
5,465
670
2,827
1,362
605
767
1,465
6,073
5,397
648
2,651
1,249
539
702
1,401
5,987
5,313
678
2,555
1,248
553
700
1,307
5,838
5,200
668
2,843
1,338
632
698
1,505
5,758
5,058
698
4,645
4,842
4,877
4,958
5,312
5,485
5,454
5,292
5,064
5,052
4,923
4,663
4,697
1,523
704
305
395
819
3,137
2,769
368
1,556
723
288
442
833
3,284
2,878
389
1,583
703
309
391
880
3,283
2,905
379
1,582
709
304
404
873
3,368
3,018
370
1,659
756
324
428
903
3,671
3,234
435
1,659
770
358
423
889
3,820
3,313
486
1,655
788
350
432
867
3,792
3,332
466
1,608
733
332
402
875
3,678
3,252
441
1,578
736
347
384
842
3.501
3,090
409
1,605
767
350
427
838
3,437
3,028
394
1,522
715
307
402
806
3,397
2,966
432
1,434
698
304
394
736
3,226
2,830
406
1,586
759
355
400
828
3,124
2,731
398
3,502
3,604
3,548
3,795
3,888
4,022
4,119
3,987
3,897
3,854
3,715
3,739
3,888
1 162
586
229
353
575
2,334
2,119
216
1,194
567
256
314
626
2,411
2,180
222
1,190
575
264
310
615
2,368
2,159
211
1,288
596
288
313
692
2,496
2,263
244
1,201
572
256
311
629
2,681
2,429
248
1,260
612
284
328
649
2,766
2,471
281
1,321
607
280
326
714
2,808
2.491
319
1,225
575
268
312
649
2.753
2.493
277
1,250
593
276
312
658
2,644
2,375
262
1.222
595
255
340
627
2,635
2,369
254
1.129
534
232
300
595
2.589
2,347
246
1,121
549
249
306
571
2,612
2,370
262
1,257
579
278
298
678
2,634
2,327
300
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
I
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
141
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-7. Unemployment rates by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
1991
1992
1993
1994
Age and sex
IV
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
IV
6.5
6.7
6.7
7.0
7.3
7.5
7.5
7.3
7.0
7.0
6.7
6.5
6.6
12.8
18.0
19.4
17.0
10.1
5.3
5.5
3.8
13.3
18.5
20.2
17.6
10.7
5.4
5.7
4.0
13.6
19.0
21.9
17.1
10.9
5.4
5.7
3.9
14.0
19.2
22.1
17.4
11.4
5.6
5.9
4.0
14.0
19.7
22.2
17.9
11.2
6.0
6.3
4.4
14.3
20.6
24.0
18.6
11.2
6.2
6.3
5.0
14.5
20.6
23.3
18.6
11.5
6.2
6.4
5.1
13.9
19.4
22.6
17.4
11.1
6.0
6.3
4.7
13.8
19.6
23.1
17.1
11.0
5.7
6.0
4.4
13.8
19.8
22.3
18.5
10.7
5.7
5.9
4.2
13.0
18.2
19.8
17.1
10.4
5.6
5.7
4.4
12.6
18.3
20.1
17.2
9.7
5.4
5.6
4.3
13.2
18.0
21.0
15.9
10.6
5.3
5.4
4.5
6.8
7.1
7.1
7.2
7.7
7.9
7.9
7.6
7.3
7.3
7.1
6.7
13.8
18.9
20.9
17.5
11.2
5.5
5.7
4.2
14.3
20.0
20.7
19.9
11.5
5.7
5.9
4.5
14.7
20.0
22.7
18.1
12.1
5.7
5.9
4.4
14.7
20.3
22.4
18.9
12.0
5.8
6.1
4.3
15.5
21.5
23.9
19.7
12.6
6.3
6.6
4.9
15.4
21.9
25.7
19.9
12.3
6.5
6.7
5.5
15.3
22.1
24.7
20.1
11.9
6.5
6.7
5.3
14.8
20.5
23.6
18.5
12.0
6.3
6.5
5.1
14.6
20.6
24.2
18.0
11.6
6.0
6.2
4.7
14.9
21.3
24.4
19.7
11.7
5.8
6.0
4.5
14.2
19.9
21.5
18.8
11.3
5.8
5.9
5.0
13.5
19.9
21.2
18.9
10.4
5.5
5.6
4.7
13.9
19.6
22.7
17.4
11.0
5.3
5.4
4.6
6.2
6.3
6.2
6.6
6.8
7.0
7.1
6.9
6.7
6.6
6.4
6.3
6.5
11.7
17.1
17.7
16.5
8.9
5.0
5.3
3.3
12.2
16.8
19.7
15.1
9.8
5.1
5.4
3.4
12.4
18.0
21.1
15.9
9.6
5.0
5.3
3.2
13.2
18.1
21.8
15.8
10.7
5.3
5.5
3.7
12.4
17.7
20.2
15.9
9.7
5.6
5.9
3.7
13.0
19.1
22.1
17.1
10.0
5.7
6.0
4.3
13.6
18.9
21.8
16.9
11.0
5.8
6.0
4.8
12.8
18.2
21.6
16.2
10.1
5.7
6.0
4.2
13.0
18.5
21.7
16.2
10.2
5.5
5.7
3.9
12.6
18.2
19.9
17.1
9.7
5.4
5.7
3.8
11.7
16.4
18.0
15.2
9.3
5.3
5.6
3.7
11.6
16.6
18.9
15.4
9.0
5.3
5.6
3.9
12.3
16.3
19.1
14.3
10.2
5.3
5.4
4.3
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
142
IV
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-8. Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics, seasonally adjusted
1992
1991
1993
1994
Category
IV
IV
IV
CHARACTERISTIC
6.5
6.1
5.5
Total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
6.7
6.4
5.7
18.5
6.7
6.4
5.5
19.0
7.0
6.5
5.9
19.2
7.3
7.0
6.1
19.7
7.5
7.2
6.2
20.6
7.5
7.1
6.4
20.6
7.3
6.9
6.2
19.4
7.0
6.6
6.0
19.6
7.0
6.5
5.9
19.8
5.8
10.9
12.1
9.4
6.0
11.1
12.5
9.6
6.0
10.9
12.2
10.2
6.2
11.5
12.8
10.2
6.4
12.4
13.9
11.2
6.6
12.8
14.3
11.3
6.6
12.7
14.1
11.7
6.4
12.7
14.1
11.6
6.2
12.3
13.6
11.3
4.3
4.4
9.1
4.4
4.5
9.2
4.3
4.4
9.0
4.5
4.7
9.3
4.9
4.9
9.4
5.0
5.1
10.0
5.2
5.1
10.1
4.9
5.0
10.0
2.6
4.9
7.4
10.7
7.9
2.8
5.2
7.8
10.7
7.3
2.9
5.0
8.3
10.2
7.6
2.9
5.3
8.3
10.4
7.8
3.0
5.7
9.3
11.2
7.6
3.1
5.8
8.7
11.2
8.0
3.3
5.9
8.6
11.1
8.6
6.8
8.8
6.5
14.7
7.2
7.8
6.5
5.9
5.0
7.4
3.5
5.5
3.2
12.3
7.0
9.1
7.6
15.0
7.5
7.9
6.9
6.2
5.4
7.4
4.2
5.8
3.1
11.4
7.0
8.8
8.4
15.5
6.9
7.1
6.7
6.2
5.1
7.7
4.1
5.8
3.2
11.2
7.3
9.2
9.1
16.5
7.2
7.1
7.3
6.4
5.6
7.8
4.2
6.0
3.5
7.6
9.6
7.7
7.7
9.8
8.1
17.5
7.5
7.6
7.3
6.8
5.5
8.4
4.3
6.4
3.7
11.7
11.0
16.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
6.9
5.2
8.4
4.5
6.6
3.5
12.7
7.8
9.8
8.8
16.5
7.9
8.2
7.6
7.0
5.5
8.7
4.6
6.4
3.4
18.0
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
18.2
6.5
6.0
5.7
18.3
18.0
6.1
12.1
13.3
10.3
5.9
11.5
12.6
10.2
5.8
11.0
12.0
10.7
5.7
11.4
12.8
10.2
4.6
4.6
9.8
4.5
4.7
9.7
4.4
4.6
9.2
4.1
4.5
9.5
4.2
4.4
9.6
3.2
5.8
8.6
10.6
8.4
3.3
5.4
8.1
10.1
8.5
3.0
5.5
8.3
9.9
8.0
2.7
5.3
7.9
10.2
7.8
2.9
5.2
7.3
9.4
8.2
2.8
5.5
7.0
9.4
9.2
7.6
9.5
6.9
15.5
7.9
8.3
7.3
6.8
5.7
8.0
4.7
6.7
3.5
12.7
7.3
8.9
6.8
14.8
7.3
7.2
7.5
6.6
4.9
7.9
4.3
6.4
3.6
7.2
9.0
8.5
15.0
7.2
7.2
7.2
6.5
5.0
8.0
4.3
6.0
3.3
7.0
9.0
6.9
14.9
7.3
7.2
7.5
6.2
5.2
7.5
4.0
5.9
3.2
6.8
8.1
6.9
12.9
6.7
6.6
6.9
6.2
5.3
7.7
3.7
5.9
3.1
6.9
7.7
4.9
12.2
11.5
11.3
11.1
6.7
6.4
5.8
6.6
5.9
5.9
1
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing ,
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
,
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not available
because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle
and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with
sufficient precision.
13.2
13.6
6.1
5.5
7.0
6.6
5.1
8.0
3.4
6.5
3.6
13.9
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
143
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-9. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1992
1991
1993
1994
Reason
IV
IV
IV
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
4,428
1,355
3,073
993
2,020
4,588
1,332
3,256
1,011
2,116
691 743
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
4,639
1,173
3,466
953
2,066
772
5,203 5,425 5,350 5,211
1,267 1,253 1,268 1,190
3,936 4,172 4,082 4,021
947
999 1,019
936
2,214 2,182 2,284 2,232
904 954 879
824
4,814
1,205
3,609
962
2,155
807
4,820
1,114
3,705
963
2,208
924 901
4,863
1,083
3,780
972
2,212
4,812
1,162
3,650
908
2,091
849
4,555 4,221
1,080 1,096
3,475 3,125
950 841
2,062 2,928
645
823
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
54.4 54.2 55.0 55.1 56.7 57.1 55.7 56.2 54.2 54.2 55.6 54.3 48.9
16.7 15.8 13.9 13.8 13.8 13.2 13.2 12.8 12.1 12.5 13.4 12.9 12.7
37.8 38.5 41.1 41.3 42.9 43.9 42.5 43.4 42.1 41.7 42.2 41.4 36.2
9.7
12.2 12.0 11.3 11.0 10.2 10.5 10.6 10.2 10.8 10.8 10.5 11.3
24.8 25.0 24.5 24.7 24.1 22.9 23.8 24.1 24.7 24.8 24.1 24.6 33.9
9.5
7.5
9.8
9.8
9.5 10.3 10.1
9.9
9.0
9.2
9.2
8.8
8.5
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
3.7
.8
1.7
.6
3.5
.8
1.6
.6
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
3.7
.8
3.8
.8
1.7
.6
1.7
4.1
.7
1.8
.7
4.2
.8
1.8
.7
4.3
.8
1.7
.7
4.1
.7
1.8
.7
3.8
.8
1.7
.7
3.8
.8
1.7
.7
3.5
.7
1.6
.6
3.8
.7
1.6
.7
3.2
.6
2.2
.5
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
D-10. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
1992
1993
1994
Duration
IV
IV
IV
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks ..
Median duration, in weeks
3,450
2,714
1,993
1,087
906
3,393
2,783
2,312
1,259
1,052
3,350
2,676
2,380
1,235
1,145
3,340
2,717
2,679
1,366
1,313
3,252
2,799
3,142
1,446
1,696
3,335
2,735
3,382
1,414
1,968
3,337
2,787
3,500
1,424
2,077
3,139
2,693
3,438
1,440
1,997
3,214
2,558
3,192
1,310
1,882
3,261
2,607
3,019
1,279
1,740
3,107
2,536
3,018
1,271
1,747
3,055
2,380
2,955
1,217
1,738
2,894
2,538
3,080
1,312
1,768
12.8
6.3
13.5
6.8
14.1
7.1
14.9
7.6
16.7
8.2
18.0
8.8
18.3
8.9
18.7
9.2
18.1
8.5
17.8
8.4
18.2
8.5
18.5
8.3
18.7
8.8
100.0
42.3
33.3
24.4
13.3
11.1
100.0
40.0
32.8
27.2
14.8
12.4
100.0
39.9
31.8
28.3
14.7
13.6
100.0
38.2
31.1
30.7
15.6
15.0
100.0
35.4
30.5
34.2
15.7
18.5
100.0
35.3
28.9
35.8
15.0
20.8
100.0
34.7
29.0
36.4
14.8
21.6
100.0
33.9
29.1
37.1
15.5
21.5
100.0
35.9
28.5
35.6
14.6
21.0
100.0
36.7
29.3
34.0
14.4
19.6
100.0
35.9
29.3
34.8
14.7
20.2
100.0
36.4
28.4
35.2
14.5
20.7
100.0
34.0
29.8
36.2
15.4
20.8
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
144
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-11. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Black
White
Total
Employment status, sex, and age
Hispanic origin
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
1993
1994
1993
1994
1993
1994
1993
1994
165,093
109,957
66.6
103,037
2,787
100,248
6,920
22,186
13,705
61.8
11,794
22,749
14,269
62.7
12,402
15,542
10,200
65.6
8,961
17,895
11,733
65.6
10,436
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
192,796
126,407
65.6
116,755
2,746
114,008
9,652
196,085
129,625
66.1
120,416
2,964
117,450
9,209
163,438
108,060
66.1
100,718
2,571
98,147
7,342
7.6
7.1
6.8
6.3
66,389
66,460
55,378
55,136
92,214
68,800
74.6
63,028
2,188
60,840
5,772
93,978
69,986
74.5
64,645
2,249
62,395
5,341
78,806
59,514
75.5
55,036
2,042
52,993
4,478
79,808
60,088
75.3
55,977
2,098
53,879
4,111
8.4
7.6
7.5
6.8
23,414
23,992
19,293
19,720
85,554
65,575
76.6
60,531
2,061
58,470
5,044
86,833
66,469
76.5
61,881
2,110
59,771
4,589
73,466
56,757
77.3
52,818
1,923
50,894
3,939
116
92
427
477
11,678
1,911
13.9
8,481
12,310
1,867
13.1
8,481
8,534
1,240
12.2
5,341
9,957
1,298
11.1
6,162
10,005
6,824
68.2
5,766
10,195
6,939
68.1
5,957
7,721
6,160
79.8
5.390
8,998
7,103
78.9
6,314
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
100
80
390
432
5,667
1,058
15.5
3,180
5,877
4,999
5,882
982
770
789
14.2
3,255
12.5
1,561
11.1
1,895
74,097
57,054
77.0
53,521
1,962
51,559
3,533
8,967
6,450
71.9
5,555
9,117
6,570
72.1
5,737
6,955
5,787
83.2
5,135
8,076
6,658
82.4
5,982
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutionai population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
94
77
366
409
5,461
5,659
4,769
5,573
896
833
651
676
7.7
6.9
6.9
6.2
19,979
20,364
16,709
17,043
13.9
2,516
12.7
2,547
11.3
1,169
10.1
1,419
100,582
57,607
57.3
53,726
102,107
59,639
58.4
55,771
84,632
48,546
57.4
45,682
85,285
49,869
58.5
47,059
12,181
6,880
56.5
6,028
12,555
7,329
58.4
6,445
7,821
4,040
51.7
3,571
8,898
4,630
52.0
4,122
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
558
715
529
689
16
12
37
45
53,168
3,880
55,055
3,868
45,154
2,864
46,369
2,809
6,011
6,433
3,534
4,075
852
885
470
509
6.7
6.5
5.9
5.6
42,975
42,468
36,086
35,416
12.4
5,301
12.1
5,225
11.6
3,781
11.0
4,268
94,081
54,665
58.1
51,330
95,164
56,366
59.2
53,029
79,443
46,021
57.9
43,552
79,797
47,082
59.0
44,681
11,135
6,558
58.9
5,832
11,437
6,952
60.8
6,173
7,075
3,786
53.5
3,386
8,017
4,345
54.2
3,908
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
530
679
502
654
15
12
34
43
50,800
3,335
52,349
3,336
43,049
2,469
44,026
2,400
5,817
6,161
3,352
3,864
726
780
401
437
11.1
4,576
11.2
4,485
10.6
3,289
10.1
3,671
2,084
2,195
1,511
1,803
6.1
5.9
5.4
5.1
39,416
38,799
33,421
32,715
13,160
6,167
46.9
4,894
14,088
6,790
48.2
5,506
10,530
5,282
50.2
4,349
11,199
5,821
52.0
4,834
155
175
145
171
4,738
1,273
20.6
6,993
5,331
1,284
18.9
7,298
4,204
4,663
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
696
746
628
730
33.4
34.0
41.5
40.5
492
2
490
254
440
27
412
188
545
25
520
185
34.0
1,449
30.0
25.3
1,072
934
987
407
8
400
289
17.7
5,248
17.0
5,378
41.5
1,389
883
years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
145
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-12. Employment status of the Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status, sex, and age
Total Hispanic origin1
I
I
1994
1993
Mexican origin
I
I
1993
1994
Puerto Rican origin
I
I
1994
1993
Cuban origin
I
I
1993
1994
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
15,542
10,854
7,312
1,298
11.1
6,162
9,478
6,305
66.5
5,547
366
5,180
758
12.0
3,173
12.5
1,561
8,998
7,103
78.9
6,314
432
5,882
789
11.1
1,895
6,955
5,787
83.2
5,135
8,076
6,658
82.4
5,982
366
4,769
409
5,573
676
10,200
65.6
8,961
427
8,534
1,240
12.2
5,341
17,895
11,733
65.6
10,436
477
9,957
11.4
3,542
1,614
932
57.7
785
11
774
147
15.7
682
1,852
1,007
54.4
892
2
889
115
11.4
845
4,848
3,951
81.5
3,470
333
3,138
480
12.2
897
5,657
4,606
81.4
4,092
724
510
70.5
422
395
3,697
514
11.1
1,052
10
412
88
17.3
214
822
555
67.5
485
2
482
70
12.7
267
465
333
71.7
305
6
299
29
8.6
132
474
321
67.8
298
7
4,344
3,686
84.9
3,281
311
2,970
407
11.0
656
5,062
626
!
4,290
84.8
3,852
373
3,479
438
10.2
772
468
j
74.8
402
10
392
66
14.2
158
699
510
73.0
455
2
453
55
10.7
189
435
314
72.3
291
6
286
22
7.2
121
444
310
69.9
289
7
283
4,631
2,354
50.8
2,076
34
2,043
278
11.8
2,276
5,197
2,706
52.1
890
422
47.4
363
1
362
59
13.9
468
1,030
426
43.9
407
507
241
47.5
223
513
256
50.0
237
407
45
9.9
223
18
7.4
578
266
237
19
7.6
256
4,125
2,168
52.6
1,938
32
1,907
230
10.6
1,957
4,628
2,528
54.6
2,257
43
2,213
271
10.7
2,100
801
402
50.2
350
1
933
426
45.7
390
477
231
48.4
216
492
253
51.4
234
349
52
216
234
19
7.3
399
390
35
8.3
507
1,010
449
44.5
327
24
304
122
27.1
561
1,164
494
42.4
370
24
346
124
25.1
670
187
61
33.0
33
220
71
32.2
46
60
29
33
28
46.0
46
25
35.1
20
9
11
4
125
150
31
36
67.4
6,479
440
6,038
833
972
574
59.1
528
6
522
46
8.1
398
987
578
58.6
535
7
528
43
7.4
409
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
7,721
6,160
79.8
5,390
390
4,999
770
291
24
7.3
153
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
651
11.3
1,169
10.1
1,419
21
6.7
134
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
7,821
4,040
51.7
8,898
3,571
37
3,534
470
11.6
4,122
45
4,075
509
11.0
4,268
3,781
4,630
52.0
2,387
45
2,341
319
11.8
2,490
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
7,075
3,786
53.5
3,386
34
3,352
401
10.6
3,289
8,017
4,345
54.2
3,908
43
3,864
437
10.1
1,511
628
41.5
440
27
412
188
30.0
883
1,803
730
40.5
545
25
520
3,671
12.9
14
6.3
246
239
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
...
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
185
25.3
1,072
1
Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
146
51
15
48.7
20
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue oiEmp/oyment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-13. Employed white, black, and Hispanic-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker, and full- or part-time status
(In thousands)
White
Total
Category
I
1993
I
1994
I
1993
Hispanic origin
Black
I
1994
I
1993
I
1994
I
1993
116,755 120,416 100,718 103,037
63,028 64,645 55,036 55,977
53,726 55,771 45,682 47,059
11,794
5,766
6,028
12,402
5,957
6,445
8,961
5,390
3,571
10,436
6,314
4,122
I
1994
SEX
Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
32,110
15,204
16,906
33,244
15,644
17,600
28,780
13,776
15,003
29,530
14,005
15,525
2,089
932
1,157
2,266
1,024
1,243
1,200
617
583
1,451
744
707
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
36,365
4,064
13,844
18,457
37,059
3,889
14,506
18,664
31,693
3,478
12,453
15,762
32,085
3,302
12,954
15,829
3,370
411
923
2,036
3,541
407
1,023
2,112
2,343
206
838
1,299
2,570
173
959
1,438
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
16,261
837
2,200
13,224
16,863
817
2,220
13,826
12,778
646
1,773
10,359
13,141
640
1,720
10,781
2,790
155
377
2,258
2,924
147
444
2,334
1,766
162
156
1,448
2,127
217
184
1,727
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
12,559
4,211
4,508
3,841
13,079
4,388
4,611
4,079
11,266
3,797
4,143
3,326
11,536
3,909
4,118
3,509
939
319
286
334
1,057
336
362
360
1,149
332
443
373
1,372
374
542
456
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
16,631
7,349
4,811
4,471
570
3,901
17,114
7,476
5,011
4,628
576
4,052
13,614
5,971
3,970
3,673
469
3,203
13,887
6,013
4,122
3,752
456
3,296
2,435
1,027
713
696
86
610
2,496
1,046
730
720
100
620
2,000
1,031
381
588
106
482
2,387
1,132
464
790
130
660
2,828
3,055
2,588
2,855
170
117
502
528
1,371
1,269
106
1,421
1,495
48
1,233
1,232
106
1,280
1,460
47
98
18
75
16
366
398
79
105,090 108,372
18,613 18,387
86,477 89,984
1,008
931
85,469 89,054
8,695
8,945
224
134
90,029
15,096
74,932
776
74,156
7,925
193
92,014
14,774
77,240
720
76,520
8,122
112
11,226
2,779
8,447
189
8,257
444
7
11,835
2,846
8,989
179
8,810
472
3
8,060
1,091
6,969
199
6,771
460
13
9,449
1,174
8,275
237
8,038
497
12
82,429
18,289
82,176
20,860
9,954
1,840
10,212
2,190
7,503
1,458
8,481
1,955
Farming, forestry, and fishing
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
95,888
20,867
96,486
23,930
years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
147
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-14. Employed Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker, and full- or part-time
status
(In thousands)
Total Hispanic
origin1
Mexican origin
1993
1994
1993
I
1994
8,961
5,390
3,571
10,436
6,314
4,122
5,547
3,470
2,076
6,479
4,092
2,387
785
422
363
892
485
407
528
305
223
535
298
237
1,200
617
583
1,451
744
707
614
300
314
778
408
370
135
67
68
172
87
85
111
67
43
113
69
45
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
2,343
206
838
1,299
2,570
173
959
1,438
1,391
117
506
768
1,484
86
552
846
249
20
75
267
24
78
165
167
11
60
97
185
10
77
98
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
1,766
162
156
1,448
2,127
217
184
1,727
1,029
82
81
1,245
121
186
5
866
1,035
172
4
31
136
31
150
78
3
6
69
90
4
20
66
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
1,149
332
443
373
1,372
374
542
456
770
210
310
250
908
226
373
309
79
31
17
31
102
45
30
27
59
19
24
16
50
26
13
11
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
2,000
1,031
381
588
106
482
2,387
1,132
464
790
130
660
1,315
659
242
414
77
338
1,589
751
269
569
102
660
142
72
32
38
3
35
160
74
42
44
6
467
102
41
39
21
3
19
502
528
428
474
9
366
61
398
79
329
37
377
62
8,060
1,091
6,969
199
6,771
460
13
9,449
1,174
8,275
237
8,038
497
12
4,924
675
4,249
109
5,753
721
7,503
1,458
8,481
1,955
4,627
919
Puerto Rican
origin
Cuban origin
Category
1993
1994
1993
1994
SEX
Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
,
Farming, forestry, and fishing
89
154
27
45
16
37
11
8
474
42
432
3
429
47
480
40
440
4
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
4,140
248
8
5,032
135
4,897
275
750
146
603
7
596
24
10
1
5,262
1,217
674
111
846
162
684
5
680
43
436
48
1
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers
Part time workers
1
Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
148
724
167
448
80
450
85
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-15. Employed persons by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)
Total, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over...
Women, 16 years and over .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over ...
25 to 54 years
55 years and over.
Black
White
Total
Age and sex
Hispanic origin
1993
1994
1993
I
1994
1993
1994
116,755
120,416
100,718
103,037
11,794
12,402
8,961
10,436
4,894
1,791
3,103
11,803
100,058
85,478
14,580
5,506
2,095
3,411
12,289
102,621
87,907
14,714
4,349
1,618
2,731
10,120
86,249
73,376
12,874
4,834
1,864
2,970
10,393
87,809
74,725
13,085
407
132
275
1,256
10,131
8,859
1,272
492
176
317
1,351
10,558
9,360
1,198
440
116
324
1,250
7,271
6,602
545
146
399
1,605
8,285
7,536
749
63,028
64,645
55,036
55,977
5,766
5,957
5,390
6,314
2,497
906
1,591
6,136
54,395
46,157
8,238
2,764
1,028
1,736
6.407
55,474
47,391
8,083
2,218
819
1,399
5,291
47,527
40,159
7,368
2,456
928
1,528
5,461
48,061
40,772
7,288
212
69
143
611
4,944
4,304
640
220
70
150
648
5,088
4,529
560
255
65
190
765
4,370
3,986
384
332
89
243
994
4,988
4,578
410
53,726
55,771
45,682
47,059
6,028
6,445
3,571
4,122
2,396
884
1,512
5,667
45,663
39,321
6,341
2,742
1,067
1,675
5,882
47,148
40,516
6,632
2,131
798
1,332
4,830
38,722
33,217
5,505
2,378
936
1,442
4,933
39,749
33,952
5,797
196
63
132
645
5,187
4,555
632
272
106
166
703
5,470
4,832
638
185
51
134
485
2,901
2,616
285
213
57
157
611
3,297
2,958
339
I
1993
I
1994
I
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
D-16. Unemployment rates by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
White
Total
1993
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over ..
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
1994
1994
I
1993
1994
I
1993
I
1994
7.6
7.1
6.8
6.3
13.9
13.1
12.2
11.1
20.6
24.0
18.6
11.8
6.4
6.6
4.8
18.9
21.5
17.2
11.3
5.8
6.0
4.9
17.7
21.7
15.1
9.9
5.8
6.0
4.5
17.0
19.9
15.0
9.8
5.2
5.3
4.8
41.5
42.4
41.0
24.0
10.8
11.4
6.6
34.0
35.2
33.3
22.4
10.4
11.0
5.5
30.0
41.7
24.6
15.2
10.2
10.6
6.7
25.3
35.1
20.9
11.8
9.8
9.9
9.0
8.4
7.6
7.5
6.8
15.5
14.2
12.5
11.1
22.6
26.4
20.2
13.5
7.0
7.3
5.3
21.4
24.5
19.5
12.8
6.2
6.3
5.2
19.6
23.3
17.2
11.5
6.4
6.7
4.8
19.1
22.9
16.5
11.4
5.6
5.7
5.1
43.4
47.7
41.1
27.2
11.9
12.3
8.9
40.3
40.8
40.1
24.0
11.0
11.6
6.0
31.9
41.5
27.8
15.4
10.5
10.8
6.7
25.4
36.4
20.4
11.4
9.9
9.8
11.1
6.7
6.5
5.9
5.6
12.4
12.1
11.6
11.0
18.5
21.3
16.8
9.8
5.6
5.9
4.1
16.2
18.4
14.8
9.7
5.4
5.6
4.4
15.6
19.9
12.8
8.1
5.0
5.2
4.1
14.7
16.7
13.3
8.0
4.7
4.8
4.4
39.2
35.1
41.0
20.7
9.7
10.4
4.1
27.8
30.9
25.7
20.8
9.8
10.4
5.0
27.2
41.9
19.3
14.7
9.8
10.2
6.7
25.1
33.1
21.7
12.6
9.6
10.0
6.4
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
1993
Hispanic origin
Black
Age and sex
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
149
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-17. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Reasons
I
1993
Black
White
I
1994
I
1993
6,920
3,896
1,259
2,637
2,000
637
679
1,996
349
1,911
997
168
830
100.0
60.4
17.1
43.3
10.4
22.0
7.3
4.1
.7
1.5
.5
1994
1993
9,209
4,887
1,473
3,414
2,556
859
842
2,948
532
7,342
4,434
1,253
3,181
100.0
58.4
15.1
43.4
10.1
23.1
8.4
100.0
53.1
16.0
37.1
9.1
32.0
5.8
4.5
.8
1.8
.6
3.8
.6
2.3
.4
Hispanic origin
I
1993
I
1994
1,240
746
131
614
171
516
226
1,867
802
172
630
437
193
123
796
145
120
255
119
1,298
719
175
544
377
167
82
403
94
100.0
56.3
18.2
38.1
9.8
28.8
5.0
100.0
52.2
8.8
43.4
9.0
27.0
11.8
100.0
43.0
9.2
33.7
6.6
42.7
7.8
100.0
60.1
10.6
49.5
9.7
20.6
9.6
100.0
55.4
13.5
41.9
6.3
31.0
7.2
3.0
.6
1.8
.3
7.3
1.2
3.8
1.6
4.3
.9
5.6
1.0
7.3
1.2
2.5
1.2
4.7
.7
3.4
.8
1994
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
9,652
5,640
1,454
4,186
0
0
972
2,228
812
0
0
763
1,612
533
O
O
O
O
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
1
Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
Not available.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
D-18. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
White
Total
Duration
Hispanic origin
Black
I
1993
I
1994
I
1993
I
1994
1993
I
1994
I
1993
I
1994
9,652
3,199
2,933
3,520
1,552
1,968
9,209
2,902
2,911
3,396
1,549
1,847
7,342
2,460
2,289
2,594
1,193
1,400
6,920
2,281
2,210
2,429
1,152
1,277
1,911
600
533
778
309
469
1,867
497
566
784
320
464
1,240
445
366
430
215
215
1,298
397
430
471
232
238
18.4
9.3
19.0
9.8
17.8
9.1
17.9
9.2
20.3
10.5
22.3
11.8
16.5
8.7
18.3
100
100.0
33.1
30.4
36.5
16.1
20.4
100.0
31.5
31.6
36.9
16.8
20.1
100.0
33.5
31.2
35.3
16.3
19.1
100.0
33.0
31.9
35.1
16.7
18.4
100.0
31.4
27.9
40.7
16.2
24.5
100.0
26.6
31.4
42.0
17.2
24.8
100.0
35.9
29.5
34.6
17.3
17.3
100.0
30.6
33.2
36.3
17.9
18.4
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
150
years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY DATA
D-19. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Characteristic
Median weekly earnings
I
1993
I
1994
84,587
$460
$469
46,691
4,950
41,741
47,889
5,138
42,752
513
289
552
529
291
578
36,239
3,940
32,299
36,698
4,100
32,597
395
283
413
399
274
420
White
Men
Women
70,546
40,434
30,112
71,247
41,055
30,193
476
529
401
485
555
408
Black
Men
Women
9,394
4,658
4,736
9,728
4,839
4,889
374
396
349
367
401
337
Hispanic origin
Men
Women
6,811
4,271
2,540
7,973
5,099
2,874
324
345
304
321
345
294
I
1993
1994
Total, 16 years and over
82,929
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
SEX AND AGE
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups. Publication of data on family relationship has been
temporarily suspended due to editing and weighting problems associated
with the redesigned survey. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable
with data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in
the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
151
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-20. Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Median weekly earnings
Characteristic
1993
1994
Total, 16 years and over
19,899
20,888
$130
$130
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
6,604
3,381
3,224
6,953
3,586
3,367
121
100
158
120
97
170
13,294
4,001
9,293
13,936
4,279
9,656
135
97
156
135
97
159
17,249
5,516
11,733
18,016
5,893
12,123
130
120
135
131
119
137
1,855
756
1,099
2,059
716
1,342
123
124
123
126
143
119
1,432
599
833
1,781
763
1,019
128
123
131
124
120
127
1993
1994
SEX AND AGE
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX
White
Men
Women
Black
Men
Women
,
,
Hispanic origin
Men
Women
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups. Publication of data on family relationship has been
temporarily suspended due to editing and weighting problems associated
152
with the redesigned survey. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable
with data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in
the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY DATA
D-21.
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Median weekly earnings
Occupation and sex
1993
1994
1993
1994
23,993
11,609
12,384
25,026
3,360
7,460
14,207
9,182
266
1,966
6,950
9,956
3,599
2,966
3,391
13,541
6,771
3,617
3,153
1,231
24,671
11,931
12,740
25,187
3,236
7,989
13,962
9,063
309
1,744
7,010
10,580
3,777
3,177
3,625
14,013
6,856
3,979
3,179
1,073
$666
659
673
416
537
450
390
293
182
502
268
501
517
488
491
359
340
444
308
261
$683
665
698
423
548
467
391
286
174
508
266
501
508
492
502
366
355
454
307
283
12,352
6,520
5,832
9,318
1,794
4,337
3,186
4,666
15
1,664
2,987
9,125
3,469
2,944
2,712
10,145
4,125
3,376
2,644
1,085
12,565
6,420
6,145
9,478
1,728
4,579
3,171
4,495
9
1,489
2,997
9,624
3,647
3,124
2,853
10,767
4,362
3,759
2,646
961
784
785
782
527
627
529
489
350
803
804
801
556
667
577
485
343
11,642
5,089
6,552
15,708
1,566
3,122
11,020
4,516
251
302
3,963
831
130
22
678
3,396
2,647
240
509
146
12,106
5,511
6,595
15,709
1,508
3,410
10,791
4,568
300
254
4,014
956
130
53
773
3,246
2,494
219
533
113
TOTAL
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Men
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .
Farming, forestry, and fishing
0
0
511
285
513
516
'489
537
395
398
454
314
267
523
294
515
512
493
574
399
407
462
316
287
580
543
596
375
466
335
373
258
180
413
258
323
544
591
540
618
376
454
344
372
249
175
426
250
344
427
Women
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .
Farming, forestry, and fishing
1
Data not shown where base is less than 100,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
O
O
308
289
284
378
289
230
327
291
291
349
277
256
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
153
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-22. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Total
Employed
Unemployed
Veteran status and age
I
1994
1993
Percent of
labor force
Number
I
1994
1993
1993
1994
I
1993
1994
1993
1994
4.7
4.8
6.5
3.8
4.8
3.3
5.4
5.3
5.4
5.4
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 40 years and over
40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 years and over
7,094
6,301
2,421
2,845
1,034
792
7,398
6,532
2,007
3,173
1,352
865
6,310
5,851
2,255
2,653
943
459
6,495
5,998
1,842
2,940
1,216
497
5,961
5,523
2,107
2,524
891
437
6,190
5,709
1,723
2,829
1,158
480
350
329
149
128
52
20
305
289
119
111
58
17
5.5
5.6
6.6
4.8
5.5
4.4
15,026
6,576
4,485
3,964
15,813
7,249
4,645
3,919
13,575
6,103
4,078
3,394
14,253
6,716
4,150
3,386
12,726
5,750
3,802
3,174
13,486
6,357
3,927
3,202
848
354
275
220
767
359
224
184
6.2
5.8
6.8
6.5
NONVETERANS
Total, 40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men
who have never served in the Armed Forces. Data for 1994 are not
directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional
information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
D-23. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Veterans
Employment status and age
White
Hispanic origin
Black
I
1993
Nonveterans
I
1993
I
1994
White
I
1993
1994
5,688
5,311
5,027
283
5.3
5,742
5,318
5,074
244
4.6
506
446
412
36
8.1
645
556
522
34
6.2
230
212
191
20
9.4
2,170
1,723
2,036
1,602
1,503
214
188
167
22
11.6
228
195
179
16
8.3
101
89
82
7
8.1
99
95
90
5
5.5
202
184
174
10
5.3
288
251
101
97
3.823
3,521
239
13
5.1
11
11.7
117
109
102
6
5.7
90
75
71
4
5.2
129
110
105
5
4.7
29
26
24
2
28
26
24
2
3,322
2,889
1994
Hispanic origin
Black
I
1993
I
1994
1,579
135
10.1
1,436
1,257
1,112
146
11.6
671
557
493
64
11.5
778
670
588
82
12.2
566
505
455
51
10.0
672
616
566
50
8.1
3,897
3,550
3,378
173
4.9
463
381
345
36
9.5
481
361
328
33
9.2
466
409
357
52
12.6
496
411
358
53
12.8
3,288
2,875
2,728
148
5.1
430
313
275
38
12.2
397
306
286
20
6.6
404
344
300
43
12.5
411
342
307
35
10.2
1993
1994
1993
1994
244 12,730
229 11,669
216 11,003
13
666
5.8
5.7
13,319
12,168
11,597
1,655
1,337
571
4.7
1,564
1,251
1,113
138
11.0
6,134
5,743
5,492
251
4.4
Total, 40 to 54 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
,..
1,202
1,369
1,232
137
10.0
40 to 44 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1,911
124
6.1
99
6.2
5,585
5,259
4,988
271
5.2
45 to 49 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
2,590
2,420
2.308
112
2,817
4.6
2.629
2,536
93
3.5
928
855
1,202
1,087
3,299
223
6.3
50 to 54 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1,036
47
5.5
51
4.7
1
Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men who
have never served in the Armed Forces. Detail for the above race and
Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other
154
0
0
2,716
173
6.0
races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white
and black population groups. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with
data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in
the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error
Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) household interviews, and (2) reports
from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from
the Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of
the population 16 years of age and over. The survey is
conducted each month by the Bureau of the Census for the
Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive
data on the labor force, the employed, and the unemployed, classified by such characteristics as age, sex, race,
family relationship, marital status, occupation, and
industry attachment. The survey also provides data on the
characteristics and past work experience of those not in
the labor force. The information is collected by trained
interviewers from a sample of about 60,000 households
located in 729 sample areas. These areas are chosen to
represent all counties and independent cities in the U.S.,
with coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia.
The data collected are based on the activity or status
reported for the calendar week including the 12th of the
month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires and telephone interviews
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation with
State agencies. The Current Employment Statistics (CES)
survey is designed to provide industry information on
nonfarm wage and salary employment, average weekly
hours, average hourly earnings, and average weekly
earnings for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas.
The employment, hours, and earnings series are based on
payroll reports from a sample of over 370,000 establishments employing over 45 million nonfarm wage and salary
workers. The data relate to all workers, full or part time,
who receive pay during the payroll period which includes
the 12th of the month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data complement one
another, each providing significant types of information
that the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are obtained only from the
156
household survey, whereas detailed industrial classifications are much more reliably derived from establishment
reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of variations in definitions and coverage, source of
information, methods of collection, and estimating
procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are
additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors
which have a differential effect on the levels and trends of
the two data series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics
and other private household workers), self-employed
persons, and unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or
more during the reference week in family-operated
enterprises. Employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey
covers only wage and salary employees on the payrolls of
nonfarm establishments.
Multiple job holding. The household survey provides
information on the work status of the population without
duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons
holding more than one job are counted only once. In the
figures based on establishment reports, persons who
worked in more than one establishment during the
reporting period are counted each time their names appear
on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were
not at work during the reference week —that is, were not
working but had jobs from which they were temporarily
absent because of illness, vacation, bad weather, childcare
problems, labor-management disputes, or because they
were taking time off for various other reasons, even if they
were not paid by their employers for the time off. In the
figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for
by the company are included, but those on leave without
pay for the entire payroll period are not.
Hours of work
The household survey measures hours worked for all
workers whereas the payroll survey measures hours for
private production and nonsupervisory workers paid for
by employers. In the household survey, all persons with a
job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average hours at work. In
the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave
are included and assigned the number of hours for which
they were paid during the reporting period.
Earnings
The household survey measures the earnings of wage
and salary workers in all occupations and industries in
both the private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual
earnings received from the worker's sole or primary job.
Data from the establishment survey generally refer to
average earnings of production and related workers in
mining and manufacturing, construction workers in
construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private
service-producing industries. For a comprehensive discussion of the various earnings series available from the
household and establishment surveys, see BLS Measures
of Compensation, BLS Bulletin 2239 (1986).
COMPARABILITY OF HOUSEHOLD DATA WITH
OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total
from the household survey includes all persons who did
not have a job during the reference week, were currently
available for a job, and were looking for work or were
waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been
laid off, whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance
claims, prepared by the Employment and Training
Administration of the U.S. Department of Labor, exclude,
in addition to otherwise ineligible persons who do not file
claims for benefits, persons who have exhausted their
benefit rights, new workers who have not earned rights to
unemployment insurance, and persons losing jobs not
covered by unemployment insurance systems (some
workers in agriculture, domestic services, and religious
organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family
workers).
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of unemployment used in the household survey. For example,
persons with a job but not at work and persons working
only a few hours during the week are sometimes eligible for
unemployment compensation but are classified as
employed rather than unemployed in the household
survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences
between State insured unemployment and total unemployment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the
Monthly Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the U.S. Department
of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are
the inclusion of persons under 16 in the National
Agricultural Statistics Service series and the treatment of
dual jobholders, who are counted more than once if they
work on more than one farm during the reporting period.
There are also wide differences in sampling techniques and
data collecting and estimating methods, which cannot be
readily measured in terms of their impact on differences in
the levels and trends of the two series.
COMPARABILITY OF PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufacturers and business, Bureau of the
Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ
from employment counts derived by the Bureau of the
Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons for
noncomparability are different treatment of business units
considered parts of an establishment, such as central
administrative offices and auxiliary units; the industrial
classification of establishments; and different reporting
patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., the
Census of Business excludes professional services, public
utilities, and financial establishments, whereas these are
included in the BLS statistics.
County Business Patterns, Bureau of the Census. Data in
County Business Patterns (CBP) differ from BLS establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative
offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices.
In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and most of
government, and coverage is incomplete for some of the
nonprofit agencies.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance
programs. Most nonfarm wage and salary workers are
covered by the unemployment insurance programs.
However, some employees, such as those working in
parochial schools and churches, are not covered by
unemployment insurance, whereas they are included in
the BLS establishment statistics.
157
Household Data
("A" tables, monthly; "D" tables, quarterly)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population
and related data are compiled by BLS using data from the
Current Population Survey (CPS). This monthly survey of
households is conducted for BLS by the Bureau of the
Census through a scientifically selected sample designed
to represent the civilian noninstitutional population.
Respondents are interviewed to obtain information about
the employment status of each member of the household
16 years of age and over. The inquiry relates to activity or
status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which includes the 12th day of the month. This is
known as the "reference week." Actual field interviewing
is conducted in the following week, referred to as the
"survey week."
Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for
interview. Some 2,600 of these households are contacted
but interviews are not obtained because the occupants are
not at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for
other reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the
survey that ranges between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to
the 60,000 occupied units, there are 11,500 sample units in
an average month which are visited but found to be vacant
or otherwise not eligible for enumeration. Part of the
sample is changed each month. The rotation plan, as
explained later, provides for three-fourths of the sample to
be common from one month to the next, and one-half to be
common with the same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force
data have been modified, but not substantially altered,
since the inception of the survey in 1940; those in use as of
January 1994 are as follows:
Civilian noninstitutional population. Included are persons
16 years of age and older residing in the 50 States and the
District of Columbia who are not inmates of institutions
(e.g., penal and mental facilities, homes for the aged), and
who are not on active duty in the Armed Forces.
Employed persons. All persons who, during the reference
week, (a) did any work at all (at least 1 hour) as paid
employees in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid
workers in an enterprise operated by a member of the
family, and (b) all those who were not working but who
had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily
absent because of vacation, illness, bad weather, childcare
158
problems, maternity or paternity leave, labor-management dispute, job training, or other family or personal
reasons, whether or not they were paid for the time off or
were seeking other jobs.
Each employed person is counted only once, even if he or
she holds more than one job. For purposes of occupation
and industry classification, multiple jobholders are
counted in the job at which they worked the greatest
number of hours during the reference week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign
countries who are temporarily in the United States but not
living on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are
persons whose only activity consisted of work around their
own house (painting, repairing, or own home housework)
or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and other
organizations.
Unemployed persons. All persons who had no employment
during the reference week, were available for work, except
for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find
employment some time during the 4-week period ending
with the reference week. Persons who were waiting to be
recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not
have been looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment. This represents the length of
time (through the current reference week) that persons
classified as unemployed had been looking for work. For
persons on layoff, duration of unemployment represents
the number of full weeks they had been on layoff. Mean
duration is the arithmetic average computed from single
weeks of unemployment; median duration is the midpoint
of a distribution of weeks of unemployment.
Reason for unemployment. Unemployment is also categorized according to the status of individuals at the time they
began to look for work. The reasons for unemployment are
divided into five major groups: (1) Job losers, comprised of
(a) persons on temporary layoff who have been given a
date to return to work or who expect to return within 6
months (persons on layoff need not be looking for work to
qualify as unemployed), and (b) permanent job losers,
whose employment ended involuntarily and who began
looking for work; (2) Job leavers are persons who quit or
otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and
immediately began looking for work; (3) Persons who
completed temporary jobs, who began looking for work
after the jobs ended; (4) Reentrants are persons who
previously worked but were out of the labor force prior to
beginning their job search; (5) New entrants are persons
who never worked. Each of these five categories of the
unemployed can be expressed as a proportion of the entire
civilian labor force; the sum of the four rates thus equals
the unemployment rate for all civilian workers. (For
statistical presentation purposes, "job losers" and "persons who completed temporary jobs" are combined into a
single category until seasonal adjustments can be developed for the separate categories.)
Jobseekers. All unemployed persons who made specific
efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week period
preceding the survey week are classified as jobseekers.
Jobseekers do not include persons classified as on
temporary layoff, who although often looking for work,
are not required to do so to be classified as unemployed.
Jobseekers are grouped by the methods used to seek work.
Only active methods — which have the potential to result
in a job offer without further action on the part of the
jobseeker — qualify as job search. Examples include going
to an employer directly or to a public or private
employment agency, seeking assistance from friends or
relatives, placing or answering ads, or using some other
active method. Examples of the "other" category include
being on a union or professional register, obtaining
assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a
designated labor pickup point. Passive methods, which do
not qualify as job search, include reading (as opposed to
answering or placing) "help wanted" ads and taking a job
training course.
Labor force. This group comprises all persons classified as
employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria
described above.
Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate represents
the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force.
Participation rate. This represents the proportion of the
population that is in the labor force.
Employment-population ratio. This represents the proportion of the population that is employed.
Not in the labor force. Included in this group are all
persons in the civilian noninstitutional population who are
neither employed nor unemployed. Information is collected on their desire for and availability to take a job at the
time of the CPS interview, job search activity in the prior
year, and reason for not looking in the 4-week period prior
to the survey week. This group includes discouraged
workers, defined as persons not in the labor force who want
and are available for a job and who have looked for work
sometime in the past 12 months (or since the end of their
last job if they held one within the past 12 months), but are
not currently looking, because they believe there are no
jobs available or there are none for which they would
qualify.
Persons classified as not in the labor force who are in the
sample for either their fourth or eighth month are asked
additional questions relating to job history and workseeking intentions. These latter data are available on a
quarterly basis.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker. This information for the employed applies to the job held in the
reference week. Persons with two or more jobs are
classified in the job at which they worked the greatest
number of hours. The unemployed are classified according
to their last job. The occupational and industrial
classification of CPS data is based on the coding systems
used in the 1990 census.
The class-of-worker breakdown assigns workers to the
following categories: Private and government wage and
salary workers, self-employed workers, and unpaid family
workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages, salary,
commissions, tips, or pay in kind from a private employer
or from a government unit. Self-employed persons are
those who work for profit or fees in their own business,
profession, trade, or farm. Only the unincorporated
self-employed are included in the self-employed category
in the class of worker typology. Self-employed persons
who respond that their businesses are incorporated are
included among wage and salary workers, because
technically, they are paid employees of a corporation.
Unpaid family workers are persons working without pay
for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a business
operated by a member of the household to whom they are
related by birth or marriage.
Multiple jobholders. These are employed persons who,
during the reference week, had either two or more jobs as a
wage and salary worker, were self-employed and also held
a wage and salary job, or worked as an unpaid family
worker and also held a wage and salary job. A person
employed only in private households (cleaner, gardener,
babysitter, etc.) who worked for two or more employers
during the reference week is not counted as a multiple
jobholder, since working for several employers is
considered an inherent characteristic of private household
work. Also excluded are self-em ployed persons with
multiple businesses and persons with multiple jobs as
unpaid family workers.
Hours of work. These statistics relate to the actual number
of hours worked during the reference week. For example,
persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were off
on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as
working 32 hours, even though they were paid for the
holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the
published figures relate to the number of hours worked in
all jobs during the week; all the hours are credited to the
159
major job. Unpublished data are available for the hours
worked in each job and for usual hours.
At work part time for economic reasons. Sometimes
referred to as involuntary part time, this category refers to
individuals who gave an economic reason for working 1 to
34 hours during the reference week. Economic reasons
include slack work or unfavorable business conditions,
inability to find full-time work, and seasonal declines in
demand. Those who usually work part time must also
indicate that they want and are available to work full time
to be classified as on part time for economic reasons.
At work part time for noneconomic reasons. This group
includes those persons who usually work part time and
were at work 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for a
noneconomic reason. Noneconomic reasons include, for
example: illness or other medical limitations, childcare
problems or other family or personal obligations, school or
training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings,
and being in a job where full-time work is less than 35
hours. The group also includes those who gave an
economic reason for usually working 1 to 34 hours but said
they do not want to work full time or were unavailable for
such work.
Usual full- or part-time status. Data on persons "at work"
exclude persons who were temporarily absent from a job
and therefore classified in the zero-hours-worked category, "with a job but not at work." These are persons who
were absent from their jobs for the entire week for such
reasons as bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement
in a labor dispute. In order to differentiate a person's
normal schedule from their activity during the reference
week, persons are also classified according to their usual
full- or part-time status. In this context, full-time workers
are those who usually worked 35 hours or more (at all jobs
combined). This group will include some individuals who
worked less than 35 hours in the reference week for either
economic or noneconomic reasons and those who are
temporarily absent from work. Similarly, part-time
workers are those who usually work less than 35 hours per
week (at all jobs), regardless of the number of hours
worked in the reference week. This may include some
individuals who actually worked more than 34 hours in
the reference week, as well as those who are temporarily
absent from work. The full-time labor force includes all
employed persons who usually work full time and
unemployed persons who are either looking for full-time
work or are on layoff from full-time jobs. The part-time
labor force consists of employed persons who usually work
part time and unemployed persons who are seeking or are
on layoff from part-time jobs. Unemployment rates for
full- and part-time workers are calculated using the
concepts of the full- and part-time labor force.
160
White, black, and other. These are terms used to describe
the race of persons. Included in the "other" group are
American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and
Pacific Islanders. Because of the relatively small sample
size, data for "other" races are not published. In the
enumeration process, race is determined by the household
respondent.
Hispanic origin. This refers to persons who identified
themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto
Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or of other
Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin
may be of any race; thus they are included in both the
white and black population groups.
Vietnam-era veterans. These are persons who served in the
Armed Forces of the United States between August 5,
1964, and May 7, 1975. Published data are limited to men
in the civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in
institutions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are
persons who never served in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings. Data represent earnings before
taxes and other deductions, and include any overtime pay,
commissions, or tips usually received (at the main job in
the case of multiple jobholders.) Earnings reported on a
basis other than weekly (e.g., annual, monthly, hourly) are
converted to weekly. The term "usual" is as perceived by
the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of
usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term as
more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5
months. Data refer to wage and salary workers (excluding
self-employed persons who respond that their businesses
were incorporated) who usually work full time on their
sole or primary job.
Median earnings. These figures indicate the value which
divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one
part having values above the median and the other having
values below the median. The medians as shown in this
publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the
$50 centered interval within which each median falls. Data
expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status. These are the terms used to define the
marital status of individuals at the time of interview.
Married, spouse present, applies to husband and wife if
both were living in the same household, even though one
may be temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a
visit, in a hospital, etc. Other marital status applies to
persons who are married, spouse absent; widowed; or
divorced. Married, spouse absent relates to persons who
are separated due to marital problems, as well as husbands
and wives who are living apart because one or the other
was employed elsewhere, on duty with the Armed Forces,
or any other reasons.
Household. A household consists of all persons — related
family members and all unrelated persons — who occupy a
housing unit and have no other usual address. A house, an
apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room is regarded
as a housing unit when occupied or intended for
occupancy as separate living quarters. A householder is the
person (or one of the persons) in whose name the housing
unit is owned or rented. The term is never applied to either
husbands or wives in married-couple families but relates
only to persons in families maintained by either men or
women without a spouse.
Family. A family is defined as a group of two or more
persons residing together who are related by birth,
marriage, or adoption; all such persons are considered as
members of one family. Families are classified either as
married-couple families or as families maintained by
women or men without spouses. A family maintained by a
woman or a man is one in which the householder is either
single, widowed, divorced, or married, spouse absent.
Data on the earnings of families exclude all those in which
there is no wage or salary earner or in which the husband,
wife, or other person maintaining the family is either
self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Changes in concepts and methods
While current survey concepts and methods are very
similar to those introduced at the inception of the survey in
1940, a number of changes have been made over the years
to improve the accuracy and usefulness of the data. Some
of the most important changes include:
• In 1945, the questionnaire was radically changed with
the introduction of four basic employment questions.
Prior to that time, the survey did not contain specific
question wording, but rather relied on a complicated
scheme of activity prioritization.
• In 1953, the current 4-8-4 rotation system was
adopted, whereby households are interviewed for 4
consecutive months, leave the sample for 8 months, and
then return to the sample for the same four months of the
following year. Before this system was introduced,
households were interviewed for 6 consecutive months
and then replaced. The new system provided some
year-to-year overlap in the sample, thereby improving
measurement over time.
• In 1955, the survey reference week was changed to the
calendar week including the 12th day of the month, for
greater consistency with the reference period used for
other labor-related statistics. Previously, the calendar
week containing the 8th day of the month had been used as
the reference week.
• In 1957, the employment definition was modified
slightly as a result of a comprehensive interagency review
of labor force concepts and methods. Two relatively small
groups of persons classified as employed, under "with a job
but not at work," were assigned to different classifications.
Persons on layoff with definite instructions to return to
work within 30 days of the layoff date, and persons
volunteering that they were waiting to start a new wage
and salary job within 30 days of interview, were, for the
most part, reassigned to the unemployed classification.
The only exception was the small subgroup in school
during the reference week but waiting to start new jobs,
which was transferred to not in the labor force.
• In 1967, more substantive changes were made as a
result of the recommendations of the President's Committee to Appraise Employment and Unemployment Statistics (the Gordon Committee). The principal improvements were as follows:
a) A 4-week job-search period and specific questions on
jobseeking activity were introduced. Previously, the
questionnaire was ambiguous as to the time period for
jobseeking and there were no specific questions concerning job-search methods.
b) An availability test was introduced whereby a person
must be currently available for work in order to be
classified as unemployed. Previously, there was no such
requirement. This revision to the concept mainly affected
students, who, for example, may begin to look for summer
jobs in the spring although they will not be available until
June or July. Such persons, until 1967, had been classified
as unemployed but since have been assigned to the "not in
the labor force" category.
c) Persons "with a job but not at work" because of
strikes, bad weather, etc., who volunteered that they were
looking for work, were shifted from unemployed status to
employed.
d) The lower age limit for official statistics on
employment, unemployment, and other labor force
concepts was raised from 14 to 16 years. Historical data
for most major series have been revised to provide
consistent information based on the new minimum age
limit.
e) New questions were added to obtain additional information on persons not in the labor force, including those
161
referred to as "discouraged workers," defined as persons
who indicate that they want a job but are not currently
looking because they believe there are no jobs available or
none for which they would qualify.
f)) New "probing" questions were added to the
questionnaire in order to increase the reliability of
information on hours of work, duration of unemployment,
and self-employment.
• In 1994, major changes to the Current Population
Survey (CPS) were introduced, which included a complete
redesign of the questionnaire and the use of computerassisted interviewing for the entire survey. In addition,
there were revisions to some of the labor force concepts
and definitions, including the implementation of some
changes recommended in 1979 by the National Commission on Employment and Unemployment Statistics
(NCEUS, also known as the Levitan Commission.) Some
of the major changes to the survey were:
a) The introduction of a redesigned and automated
questionnaire. The CPS questionnaire was totally redesigned in order to obtain more accurate, comprehensive,
and relevant information, and to take advantage of
state-of-the-art computer interviewing techniques.
b) The addition of two, more objective, criteria to the
definition of discouraged workers. Prior to 1994, to be
classified as a discouraged worker, a person must have
wanted a job and be reported as not currently looking
because of a belief that no jobs were available or that there
were none for which he or she would qualify. Beginning in
1994, persons classified as discouraged must also have
looked for a job within the past year (or since their last job,
if they worked during the year), and must have been
available for work during the reference week (a direct
question on availability was added in 1994; prior to 1994,
availability had been inferred from responses to other
questions.) These changes were made because the NCEUS
and others felt that the previous definition of discouraged
workers was too subjective, relying mainly on an
individual's stated desire for a job and not on prior testing
of the labor market.
c) Similarly, the identification of persons employed
part time for economic reasons (working less than 35
hours in the reference week because of poor business
conditions or because of an inability to find full-time work)
was tightened by adding two new criteria for persons who
usually work part time: They must want and be available
for full-time work. Previously, such information was
inferred. (Persons who usually work full time but worked
part time for an economic reason during the reference
week are assumed to meet these criteria.)
162
d) Specific questions were added about the expectation
of recall for persons who indicate that they are on layoff.
To be classified as "on temporary layoff," persons must
expect to be recalled to their jobs. Previously, the
questionnaire did not include explicit questions about the
expectation of recall.
e) Persons volunteering that they were waiting to start a
new job within 30 days must have looked for work in the 4
weeks prior to the survey in order to be classified as
unemployed. Previously, such persons did not have to
meet the job-search requirement in order to be included
among the unemployed.
For additional information on changes in CPS concepts
and methods, see Concepts and Methods used in Labor
Force Statistics Derived from the Current Population
Survey, BLS Report 463, October 1976 and "Overhauling
the Current Population Survey — Why is it Necessary to
Change?," "Redesigning the Questionnaire," and "Evaluating Changes in the Estimates," Monthly Labor Review,
September 1993, and "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994," in the February 1994
issue of this publication.
Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the refinements in concepts, definitions,
and methods made over the years, other changes have also
affected the comparability of the labor force data.
• Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data
from the 1950 census into the estimating procedures,
population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor
force, total employment, and agricultural employment
were increased by about 350,000, primarily affecting the
figures for totals and men; other categories were relatively
unaffected.
• Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and
Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the
population and about 300,000 in the labor force.
Four-fifths of this increase was in nonagricultural
employment; other labor force categories were not
appreciably affected.
• Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the
1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and
labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually unchanged.
• Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census
was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing
the population by about 800,000; labor force and
employment totals were raised by a little more than
300,000; unemployment levels and rates were essentially
unchanged.
• In March 1973, a subsequent population adjustment
based on the 1970 census was introduced. This adjustment, which affected the white and black-and-other
groups but had little effect on totals, resulted in the
reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white population and an
increase of the same magnitude in the black-and-other
population. Civilian labor force and total employment
figures were affected to a lesser degree; the white labor
force was reduced by 150,000, and the black-and-other
labor force rose by about 210,000. Unemployment levels
and rates were not significantly affected.
• Beginning in January 1974, the method used to
prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to an "inflation-deflation"
approach. This change in the derivation of the estimates
had its greatest impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year old
men — particularly those of the black-and-other population—but had little effect on estimates of the total
population 16 years and over. Additional information on
the adjustment procedure appears in "CPS Population
Controls Derived from Inflation-Deflation Method of
Estimation," in the February 1974 issue of this publication.
• Effective in July 1975, as a result of the large inflow of
Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and
black-and-other independent population controls for
persons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by
76,000 - (30,000 men and 46,000 women.) The addition of
the refugees increased the black-and-other population by
less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, with all of the
changes being confined to the "other" component of the
population.
• Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an
expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation
procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the
civilian labor force and employment totals; unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An
explanation of the procedural changes and an indication of
the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey in January 1978" in the February 1978
issue of this publication.
• Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual
was determined by the household respondent for the
incoming rotation group households, rather than by the
interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to
provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race.
Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample
households had race determined by the household
respondent and seven-eighths of the sample households
had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not
until January 1980 that the entire sample had race
determined by the household respondent. The new
procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
• Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio
adjustment method was changed in the CPS estimation
procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for metropolitan and non-metropolitan
area estimates, not for the total United States. The
reasoning behind the change and an indication of the
differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the February 1979 issue of
this publication.
• Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio
adjustment method was changed. The purpose of the
change and an indication of its effect on national estimates
of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in
the February 1982 issue of this publication. In addition,
current population estimates used in the second-stage
estimation procedure were derived from information
obtained from the 1980 census, rather than the 1970
census. This change caused substantial increases in the
total population and in the estimates of persons in all labor
force categories. Rates for labor force characteristics,
however, remained virtually unchanged. Some 30,000
labor force series were adjusted back to 1970 to avoid
major breaks in series. The adjustment procedure used is
also described in the February 1982 article cited above.
The revisions did not, however, smooth out the breaks in
series occurring between 1972 and 1979 (described above),
and data users should consider them when comparing
estimates from different periods.
• Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio
adjustment method was updated to incorporate data from
the 1980 census. The purpose of the change and an
indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the
February 1983 issue of this publication. There were only
slight differences between the old and new procedures in
estimates of levels for the various labor force characteristics and virtually no differences in estimates of participation rates.
• Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the
CPS estimation procedure — the noninterview adjustment,
163
the first and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the
composite estimator— were revised. These procedures are
described in the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes and an indication of their effect on
national estimates of labor force characteristics appear in
"Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the
February 1985 issue of this publication. Overall, the
revisions had only a slight effect on most estimates. The
greatest impact was on estimates of persons of Hispanic
origin. Major estimates were revised back to January 1980.
• Beginning in January 1986, the population controls
used in the second-stage ratio adjustment method were
revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of
undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980
and an improved estimate of the number of emigrants
among legal foreign-born residents for the same time
period. As a result, the total civilian population and labor
force estimates were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian
employment was increased by about 350,000. The
Hispanic-origin population and labor force estimates were
raised by about 425,000 and 305,000, respectively, and
Hispanic employment by 270,000. Overall and subgroup
unemployment levels and rates were not significantly
affected. Because of the magnitude of the adjustments for
Hispanics, data were revised back to January 1980 to the
extent possible. An explanation of the changes and their
effect on estimates of labor force characteristics appear in
"Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the
February 1986 issue of this publication.
• Beginning in August 1989, the second-stage ratio
estimate cells were changed slightly to decrease the chance
of very small cells occurring and to be more consistent
with published age, sex, race cells. This change had
virtually no effect on national estimates.
• Beginning in January 1994, population estimates
used in the second-stage estimation procedure were based
on information obtained from the 1990 census (adjusted
for the undercount as measured by the Census Bureau's
Post Enumeration Survey). This change resulted in
substantial increases in total population and in all major
labor force categories. Under the new population controls,
the civilian noninstitutional population increased by about
1.3 million, with much of the increase occurring among
Hispanics. Estimates of employment were raised by about
950,000, and unemployment by approximately 200,000.
In addition, the overall unemployment rate rose by about
0.1 percentage point, largely reflecting the increase in the
Hispanic share of the population, which has a higher-than164
average incidence of unemployment. For further information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994," in the February 1994 issue of this
publication.
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational
employment data was affected as a result of changes in the
occupational classification system for the 1970 census that
were introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further
affected in December 1971, when a question relating to
major activity or duties was added to the monthly CPS
questionnaire in order to determine more precisely the
occupational classification of individuals. As a result of
these changes, meaningful comparisons of occupational
employment levels could not be made between 1971-72
and prior years nor between those 2 years. Unemployment
rates were not significantly affected. For a further
explanation of the changes in the occupational classification system, see "Revisions in Occupational Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in the Current Population
Survey" in the February 1971 and February 1972 issues,
respectively, of this publication.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census were introduced into the CPS. The 1980 census occupational classification system evolved from the Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) and was so radically different in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical data are not possible without major
adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category
"sales workers." Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in
retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980
census was based on the 1972 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system, as modified in 1977. The
adoption of the new system had much less of an adverse
effect on historical comparability than did the new
occupational system. The most notable changes from the
1970 system were the transfer of farm equipment stores
from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal service from
"public administration" to "transportation," and some
interchange between "professional and related services"
and "public administration." Additional information on
the 1980 census occupational and industrial classification
systems appear in "Revisions in the Current Population
Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the February 1983
issue of this publication.
Beginning in January 1992, the occupational and
industrial classification systems used in the 1990 census
were introduced into the C?S. (These systems were largely
based on the 1980 Standard Occupational Classification
(SOC) and 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
systems, respectively.) There were a few breaks in
comparability between the 1980 and 1990 census-based
systems, particularly within the "technical, sales, and
administrative support" categories. The most notable
changes in industry classification were the shift of several
industries from "business services" to "professional
services" and the splitting of some industries into smaller,
more detailed categories, A number of industry titles were
changed as well, with no change in content.
Sampling
Since the inception of the survey, there have been
various changes in the design of the CPS sample. The
sample is traditionally redesigned and a new sample
selected after each decennial census. Also, the number of
sample areas and the number of sample persons are
changed occasionally. Most of these changes are made in
order to improve the efficiency of the sample design
and/or to increase the reliability of the sample estimates.
When Alaska and Hawaii received statehood, three
sample areas were added to the existing sample to account
for the population of these States. In January 1978, a
supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24
States and the District of Columbia, was designed to
provide more reliable annual average estimates for States.
In October 1978, a coverage improvement sample of
approximately 450 sample household units representing
237,000 occupied mobile homes and 600,000 new
construction housing units was added. In January 1980,
another supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected
in 32 States and the District of Columbia was added. A
sample reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in
May 1981. In January 1982, the sample was expanded by
100 households to provide additional coverage in counties
added to Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas
(SMSA's), which were redefined in 1973. In January 1985,
a new State-based CPS sample was selected based on 1980
census information. A sample reduction of about 4,000
households was implemented in April 1988; they were
reinstated during the 8-month period, April-November
1989. A redesigned CPS sample based on the 1990
decennial census has been selected for use during the
1990's. Households from this new sample will be phased in
during the April 1994 through July 1995 period.
The current 1980 census-based sample design includes
about 72,000 housing units per month located in 729
selected geographic areas called primary sampling units
(PSU's). The sample was initially selected so that specific
reliability criteria were met nationally, for each of the 50
States, for the District of Columbia, and for the sub-State
areas of New York City and the Los Angeles-Long Beach
metropolitan area. Since 1985, these reliability criteria
have been maintained through periodic additions and
deletions in the State samples. The criteria, given below,
are based on the coefficient of variation (CV) of the
unemployment rate, where the CV is defined as the
standard error of the estimate divided by the estimate,
expressed as a percentage. These CV controls assume a
6-percent unemployment rate to establish a consistent
specification of sampling error.
Nationally, a 1.8-percent CV is maintained on the
monthly unemployment rate estimate. This means that a
change of 0.2 percentage point in the unemployment rate
is significant at a 90-percent confidence level.
In 11 States — California, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina,
Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas —the most populous States
at the time of the 1980 decennial census, an 8-percent CV
is maintained on the monthly unemployment rate
estimates. In the other 39 States and the District of
Columbia, an 8-percent CV is maintained on the annual
unemployment rate estimate. In New York City and the
Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area, a 9-percent
CV is maintained on the monthly unemployment rate
estimates.
In the first stage of sampling, the 729 sample areas are
chosen. In the second stage, ultimate sampling unit
clusters composed of about four housing units each are
selected. Each month, about 72,000 housing units are
assigned for data collection, of which about 60,000 are
occupied and thus eligible for interview. The remainder
are units found to be destroyed, vacant, converted to
nonresidential use, containing persons whose usual place
of residence is elsewhere, or ineligible for other reasons. Of
the 60,000 housing units, 4 to 5 percent are not interviewed
in a given month due to temporary absence (vacation,
etc.), other failures to make contact after repeated
attempts, inability of persons contacted to respond,
unavailability for other reasons, and refusals to cooperate
(about half of the noninterviews). Information is obtained
each month for about 113,000 persons 16 years of age and
older.
Selection of sample areas. The entire area of the United
States, consisting of 3,137 counties and independent cities,
is divided into 1,973 sample units (PSU's). In most States,
a PSU consists of a county or a number of contiguous
counties. In New England and Hawaii, minor civil
divisions are used instead of counties.
Metropolitan areas within a State are used as a basis for
forming PSU's. Outside of metropolitan areas, counties
normally are combined, except where the geographic area
of the sample county is very large. Combining counties to
form PSU's provides greater heterogeneity; a typical PSU
includes urban and rural residents of both high and low
economic levels and encompasses, to the extent feasible,
diverse occupations and industries. Another important
consideration is to have the PSU sufficiently compact so
165
that, with a small sample spread throughout, it can be
efficiently canvassed without undue travel cost.
The 1,973 PSU's are grouped into strata within each
State. Then one PSU is selected from each stratum with
the probability of selection proportional to the population
of the PSU. There are 314 PSU's in strata by themselves
that are self-representing, and generally these are the most
populated PSU's in each State. The remaining strata are
formed by combining PSU's that are similar in such
characteristics as population growth; proportions of
blacks and of Hispanics (in certain States); and population
distribution by occupation, industry, age, and sex. The
PSU's, randomly selected from these strata, are non-selfrepresenting, because each one chosen represents the
entire stratum. The probability of selecting a particular
PSU in a non-self-representing stratum is proportional to
its 1980 population. For example, within a stratum, the
chance that a PSU with a population of 50,000 would be
selected for the sample is twice that for a PSU having a
population of 25,000.
Selection of sample households. Because the sample design
is State based, the sampling ratio differs by State and
depends on the reliability requirements for estimates for
each State. The State sampling ratios range roughly from 1
in every 200 households to 1 in every 2,500 households in
each stratum of the State. The sampling ratio occasionally
is modified slightly to hold the size of the sample relatively
constant given the overall growth of the population. The
sampling ratio used within a sample PSU depends on the
probability of selection of the PSU and the sampling ratio
for the State. In a sample PSU with a probability of
selection of 1 in 10 with a State sampling ratio of 1 in 2,500,
the within-PSU sampling ratio that results is 1 in 250,
thereby achieving the desired ratio of 1 in 2,500 for the
stratum.
Within each designated PSU, several steps are involved
in selecting the housing units to be enumerated. First, the
1980 census enumeration districts (ED's), which are
administrative units and contain on the average about 300
housing units, are ordered so that the sample would reflect
the demographic and residential characteristics of the
PSU. Within each ED, the housing units are sorted
geographically and are grouped into clusters of approximately four housing units. Next, a systematic sample of
these clusters of housing units is selected.
The identification of the sample housing units within an
ED is made wherever possible from the list of ED
addresses compiled during the 1980 census. The address
lists are used in about three-fourths of the ED's, primarily
in urban areas. Area sampling is applied in the remaining
ED's, mostly in rural areas. In ED's where address lists are
used, automated methods are used to form clusters of
geographically contiguous housing units. An effort is
166
made to have all small, multi-unit addresses (two to four
housing units) included in the same cluster. The methods
use the within-PSU sampling ratio to identify appropriate
clusters for the sample. Supplemental samples are also
prepared to account for addresses in isolated geographic
areas and to account for housing units not found on the
address lists, including housing units newly constructed in
the PSU since the census date. The addresses of these units
are obtained mainly from records of building permits.
In those ED's where area sampling methods are used,
mainly rural areas, the ED's are subdivided into small land
"chunks" with well-defined boundaries and having, in
general, an expected "size" of about 8 to 12 housing units
or other living quarters. For each subdivided ED, one
chunk (or more) is designated for the sample. When a
selected chunk contains about four households, for
example, all units are included in the sample. When the
size of the chunk is several times four units, an interviewer
does not conduct interviews at all housing units in the
chunk but uses a systematic sampling pattern to obtain
approximately four households. The remaining housing
units in the chunk are then available for further samples.
Area ED's also make use of building permit lists to identify
newly constructed housing units.
Rotation of sample. Part of the sample is changed each
month. For each sample, eight representative subsamples
or rotation groups are identified. A given rotation group is
interviewed for a total of 8 months, divided into two equal
periods. It is in the sample for 4 consecutive months, leaves
the sample during the following 8 months, and then
returns for another 4 consecutive months. In any 1 month,
one-eighth of the rotation groups are in their first month of
enumeration, another eighth is in their second month, and
so on. Under this system, 75 percent of the sample
segments are common from month to month and 50
percent from year to year for the same month. This
procedure provides a substantial amount of month-tomonth and year-to-year overlap in the sample, thus
providing better estimates of change and reducing
discontinuities in the series of data without burdening any
specific group of households with an unduly long period of
inquiry.
Table 1-A provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use since 1947. A more detailed
account of the history of the CPS sample design appears in
the Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or
Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics
Derived from the Current Population Survey, Report 463,
Bureau of Labor Statistics. A description of the 1980
census-based sample appears in "Redesign of the Sample
for the Current Population Survey," in the May 1984 issue
of this publication.
Table 1-A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to present
Households eligible
Time period
Number of sample
Households visited
areas
Aug.
Feb.
May
Jan.
Mar.
Jan.
Aug.
Aug.
Jan.
Jan.
May
Jan.
Apr.
Nov.
1947 to Jan. 1954
1954 to Apr. 1956
1956 to Dec. 1959
1960 to Feb. 1963
1963 to Dec. 1966
1967 to July 1971
1971 to July 1972
1972 to Dec. 1977
1978 to Dec. 1979
1980 to Apr. 1981
1981 to Dec. 1984
1985 to Mar. 1988
1988 to Mar. 1989
1989 to present 3
Not interviewed
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000
53,200
57,400
500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
2,600
2,600
68
230
330
2
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
729
729
1
1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage
in each State and the District of Columbia.
2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and
Hawaii after statehood.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously
and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the
data from each sample person by the inverse of the probability of the person being in the sample. This gives a rough
measure of the number of actual persons that the sample
person represents. Since 1985, almost all sample persons
within the same State have the same probability of selection. Exceptions include sample persons in New York and
California, where households in New York City and Los
Angeles are selected with higher probability. Selection
probabilities may also differ for some sample areas due to
field subsampling, which is carried out when areas selected
for the sample are found to contain many more households
than expected. Though a series of estimation steps (outlined below), the selection probabilities are adjusted for
noninterviews and survey undercoverage; data from previous months are incorporated into the estimates through
the composite estimation procedure.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed households are adjusted to the extent needed to
account for occupied sample households for which no
information was obtained because of absence, impassable
roads, refusals, or unavailability of the respondents for
other reasons. This noninterview adjustment is made
separately for clusters of similar sample areas that are
usually, but not necessarily, contained within a State.
Similarity of sample areas is based on Metropolitan
Statistical Area (MSA) status and size. Within each
cluster, there is a further breakdown by residence. Each
MSA cluster is split by "central city" and "balance of the
Interviewed
but not eligible
3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000
11,500
11,800
3
The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month
period, April-November 1989.
MSA." Each non-MSA cluster is split by "urban* and
"rural" residence categories. The proportion of sample
households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent,
depending on weather, vacation, etc.
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population
selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance,
from that of the population as a whole in such
characteristics as age, race, sex, and State of residence.
Because these characteristics are closely correlated with
labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample, the survey estimates can be
substantially improved when weighted appropriately by
the known distribution of these population characteristics.
This is accomplished through two stages of ratio
adjustment, as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimation. The purpose of the
first-stage ratio adjustment is to reduce the contribution to
variance that results from selecting a sample of PSUs
rather than drawing sample households from every PSU in
the Nation. This adjustment is made to the CPS weights in
two race cells: Black and nonblack; it is applied only to
PSlTs that are not self-representing and for those States
that have a substantial number of black households. The
procedure corrects for differences that existed in each
State cell at the time of the 1980 census between 1) the race
distribution of the population in sample PSlTs and 2) the
race distribution of all PSU's (both 1 and 2 exclude
self-representing PSU's.)
b. Second-stage ratio estimation. This procedure substantially reduces the variability of estimates and corrects,
to some extent, for CPS undercoverage. The CPS sample
weights are adjusted to ensure that sample-based estimates
167
of population match independent population controls.
Three sets of controls are used:
1) 51 State controls of the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years of age and older
2) National civilian noninstitutional population
controls for 14 Hispanic and 5 non-Hispanic age-sex
categories
3) National civilian noninstitutional population
controls for 66 white, 42 Black, and 10 "other"
age-sex categories
The independent population controls are prepared by
projecting forward the resident population as enumerated
on April 1, 1990. The projections are derived by updating
demographic census data with information from a variety
of other data sources that account for births, deaths, and
net migration. Estimated numbers of resident Armed
Forces personnel and institutionalized persons reduce the
resident population to the civilian noninstitutional population. Estimates of net census undercount, determined
from the Post Enumeration Survey, are added to the
population projections. Prior to January 1994, the
projections were based on earlier censuses, and there was
no correction for census undercount. A summary of the
current procedures used to make population projections is
given in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994," appearing in the February 1994
issue of this publication.
3. Composite estimation procedure. The last step in the
preparation of most CPS estimates makes use of a composite estimation procedure. The composite estimate consists of a weighted average of two factors: The two-stage
ratio estimate based on the entire sample from the current
month and the composite estimate for the previous month,
plus an estimate of the month-to-month change based on
the six rotation groups common to both months. In addition, a bias adjustment term is added to the weighted average to account for relative bias associated with month-insample estimates. This month-in-sample bias is exhibited
by unemployment estimates for persons in their first and
fifth months in the CPS being generally higher than estimates obtained for the other months.
The composite estimate results in a reduction in the
sampling error beyond that which is achieved after the two
stages of ratio adjustment. For some items, the reduction is
substantial. The resultant gains in reliability are greatest in
estimates of month-to-month change, although gains are
also usually obtained for estimates of level in a given
month, change from year to year, and change over other
intervals of time.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the
totals shown in the same tables because of independent
168
rounding of totals and components to the nearest
thousand. Similarly, sums of percent distributions may
not always equal 100 percent because of rounding.
Differences, however, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate
based on a sample survey —sampling and nonsampling.
The standard errors provided indicate primarily the
magnitude of the sampling error. They also incorporate
the effect of some nonsampling errors in response and
enumeration but do not account for any systematic
biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to
quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS, as
discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should
be small on estimates of relative change, such as
month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels
would be more severely affected by the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to
many sources, e.g., the inability to obtain information
about all persons in the sample; differences in the
interpretation of questions; inability or unwillingness of
respondents to provide correct information; inability to
recall information; errors made in collecting and processing the data, errors made in estimating values for missing data; and failure to represent all sample households
and all persons within sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of
the survey are studied by means of a reinterview program.
This program is used to estimate various sources of error
as well as to evaluate and control the work of the
interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work
is inspected through reinterview at regular intervals. The
results indicate, among other things, that the data
published from the CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS reinterview program
and some of the other results may be found in the Current
Population Survey Reinterview Program, January 1961
through December 1966, Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau
of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation
plan used for the sample, since the level of the estimates
varies by rotation group. A description of these effects
appears in "The Effects of Rotation Group Bias on
Estimates From Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar,
Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume
70, No. 349, March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. The
CPS covers about 94 percent of the decennial census
population. It is known that the CPS undercoverage varies
with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally,
undercoverage is larger for men than for women and
larger for blacks, Hispanics, and other races than for
whites. Ratio adjustment to independent age-sex-raceorigin population controls, as described previously,
partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage. However, biases exist in the estimates to the extent
that missed persons in missed households or missed
persons in interviewed households have different characteristics than interviewed persons in the same age-sexrace-origin group.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the
CPS appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as
Measured by the Current Population Survey," by Camilla
Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working
Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal
Statistical Policy and Standards; in "The Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson and
Gary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and in The Current Population
Survey, Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40,
Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.
This last document includes a comprehensive discussion
of various sources of errors and describes attempts to
measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. When a sample rather than the entire
population is surveyed, estimates differ from the true
population values that they represent. This difference, or
sampling error, occurs by chance, and its variability is
measured by the standard error of the estimate. Sample
estimates from a given survey design are unbiased when an
average of the estimates from all possible samples would
yield, hypothetically, the true population value. In this
case, the sample estimate and its standard error can be
used to construct approximate confidence intervals, or
ranges of values, that include the true population value
with known probabilities. If the process of selecting a
sample from the population were repeated many times and
an estimate and its standard error calculated for each
sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error
above the estimate would include the true population
value.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors
above the estimate would include the true population
value.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from two
standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors
above the estimate would include the true population
value.
Although the estimating methods used in the CPS do
not produce unbiased estimates, biases for most estimates
are believed to be small enough so that these confidence
interval statements are approximately true.
Since it would be too costly to develop standard errors
for all CPS estimates, generalized variance function
techniques are used to calculate sets of standard errors for
various types of labor force characteristics. It is important
to keep in mind that standard errors computed from these
methods reflect contributions from sampling errors and
some kinds of nonsampling errors and indicate the general
magnitude of an estimate's standard error rather than its
precise value.
The generalized variance functions and standard errors
provided here are based on the sample design and
estimation procedures as of 1987 and have been adjusted
to reflect the population levels and sample size as of 1991.
The figures have not been adjusted to account for the use of
new population controls based on the 1990 census. For
years prior to 1967, the standard errors obtained must be
further adjusted to reflect the CPS sample size in effect at
that time. For years prior to 1956, standard errors should
be multiplied by 1.5; for the years 1956 through 1966,
standard errors should be multiplied by 1.22.
Tables 1-B through 1-H are provided so that approximate standard errors of estimates can be easily obtained.
These tables are briefly summarized here; details illustrating the proper use of each table follow.
Tables 1-B and 1-C show standard errors for estimated
monthly levels and rates for selected employment status
characteristics; these tables also provide standard errors
for consecutive month-to-month changes in the estimates.
These standard errors are based on levels of recent
estimates and can be determined directly by finding the
characteristic of interest.
Tables 1-D and 1-E show standard errors for monthly
levels and consecutive monthly changes in levels for
general employment status characteristics. The standard
errors are calculated using linear interpolation based on
the size of the monthly estimates.
Tables 1-F and 1-G give parameters that can be used
with formulas to calculate a standard error on nearly any
specified level, unemployment rate, percentage, or consecutive month-to-month change. For monthly levels and
consecutive month-to-month changes in levels, tables 1-F
and 1-G are preferred to tables 1-D and 1-E, since the
formulas provide more accurate results than linear
interpolation.
Table 1-H presents factors used to convert standard
errors of monthly levels and rates determined from tables
1-B, 1-C, 1-D, and 1-F to standard errors pertaining
to quarterly and yearly averages, consecutive year-to-year
changes of monthly estimates, and changes in quarterly
and yearly averages.
169
Table 1-B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(In thousands)
Industry
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Monthly
level
Consecutivemonth change
260
281
144
191
213
157
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
165
183
106
140
154
120
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
196
201
88
148
154
101
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
83
80
52
82
80
68
121
123
65
88
93
74
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
67
72
46
59
64
54
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
85
84
43
64
65
50
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
33
28
25
34
29
29
Hispanic origin, 16 years and
over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
97
102
52
68
81
61
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
The standard errors for estimated changes from 1
month to the next, 1 year to the next, etc., depend more on
the monthly levels for characteristics than on the size of
the changes. Accordingly, tables 1-E, 1-G, and 1-H use
monthly levels (not the magnitude of the changes) for
approximating standard errors of change. Standard errors
for estimated change between nonconsecutive months are
not provided (except for year-to-year change); however,
these may be assumed to be higher than the standard
errors for consecutive monthly change.
Use of tables 1-B and 1-C. These tables provide a quick
reference for standard errors of major characteristics.
Table 1-B gives approximate standard errors for estimates
of monthly levels and consecutive month-to-month
changes in levels for major employment status categories.
Table 1-C gives approximate standard errors for estimates
170
of monthly unemployment rates and consecutive monthto-month changes in unemployment rates for some demographic, industrial, and occupational categories. For characteristics not given in tables 1-B and 1-C, refer to either
tables 1-D and 1-E or tables 1-F and 1-G.
Illustration. Suppose that for a given month the number of
women 20 years and over in the civilian labor force is estimated to be 54,000,000. For this characteristic, the approximate standard error of 196,000 is given in table 1-B in
the row, "total, women 20 years and over: Civilian labor
force." A 90-percent confidence interval as shown by these
data, would then be the interval from 53,686,000 to
54,314,000. Concluding that the true labor force level lies
within this interval would be correct for roughly 90 percent of all possible samples.
Use of tables 1-D and 1-E. From these tables, approximate
standard errors can be calculated for estimates of monthly
levels and month-to-month changes in levels for major
labor force characteristics by race and Hispanic origin.
For major categories not shown, such as male or female,
tables 1-F and 1-G can be used. Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in the tables may be
approximated by linear interpolation. For table 1-E,
which applies to estimates of consecutive month-to-month
change, the average of the two monthly levels (not the
change) is used to select the appropriate row in the table.
Illustration. Assume that between 2 consecutive months
the estimated number of employed persons changed from
115,600,000 to 116,700,000, an apparent increase of
1,100,000. The approximate standard error on this monthto-month change estimate is based on the average level of
the estimate for the 2 months, 116,150,000. Using the table
1-E column titled "labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural employment, total," it is necessary
to find the standard errors corresponding to the two
monthly level entries between which the value 116,150,000
lies. The standard error corresponding to 100,000,000 is
given as 240,000, and the standard error corresponding to
120,000,000 is given as 206,000. Use linear interpolation to
find the approximate standard error on month-to-month
change corresponding to the level 116,150,000; one
method of calculation is given below.
/
120,000,000-116,150,000^
206,000 +
1(240,000-206,000) = 213,000
120,000,000-100,000,000>
Thus, a 90-percent confidence interval for the true monthto-month change would be approximately the interval
from 759,000 to 1,441,000.
Use of tables 1-F and 1-G. These tables can be used to find
approximate standard errors for a wide range of estimated
monthly levels, proportions, rates, and estimates of consecutive monthly change. Instead of displaying standard
Table 1-C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by
major characteristics
Characteristic
Total, 16 years and over . . . .
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White workers
Black workers
Hispanic-origin workers
Married men, spouse present. . .
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families . .
Monthly
level
Consecutivemonth change
0.11
0.14
.16
.16
.16
.16
.78
.12
.48
.50
.17
.18
.55
.19
.19
.19
.19
1.03
.14
.56
.60
.20
.22
.65
Occupation
Executive, administrative, and
managerial
Professional specialty
Technicians and related
support
Sales
Administrative support,
including clerical
Private household . .
...
Protective service
Service, except private
household and protective
service
Precision production, craft, and
repair
Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors
Transportation and material
moving
. .
. . . .
Handlers, equipment cleaners,
helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing . . .
.23
.18
.27
.22
.40
.30
.47
.36
.26
.31
1.44
.86
1.71
1.02
.36
.43
.38
.45
.53
.64
.58
.69
.80
.66
.96
.78
.14
.28
.16
.33
1.59
1.89
.76
.29
.37
.45
.91
.34
.45
.54
.15
.18
.42
.27
.19
.20
.50
.33
.23
.24
1.08
1.29
Industry
Nonagricultural private wage
and salary workers
Goods-producing industries . .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing
industries
Transportation, communications, and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade . .
Finance and services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary
workers
errors, these tables provide parameters to be used with the
formulas given below that allow the user to calculate standard errors.
Table 1-G, which applies to estimates of consecutive
monthly change, lists parameters for some characteristics
classified by a measure of correlation between monthly estimates. Estimates of the number of persons employed full
time, for example, change relatively little from 1 month to
the next, and the two monthly estimates are said to be
highly correlated. Consecutive monthly estimates of parttime employment, by contrast, have low correlation, because these estimates are relatively volatile.
Major characteristics for which consecutive monthly
estimates are known to have high or low correlation are
indicated in table 1-G. Not all categories in table 1-G,
however, are broken down into low or high correlation
characteristics. When high or low correlation is not specified in table 1-G, the parameters in this table should be selected from the rows labeled "most characteristics" or
from rows not specifying correlation.
Standard errors of estimated levels. The approximate
standard error, s x , of an estimated monthly level, x, can
be obtained using the formula below, where a and b are the
parameters from table 1-F associated with the particular
characteristic. The same formula can be used to approximate the standard error of an estimated month-to-month
change in level; simply average the levels for the 2 consecutive months and use the parameters from table 1-G.
bx
Illustration. Assume that in a given month there are an
estimated 6 million unemployed men in the civilian labor
force (x = 6,000,000). Obtain the appropriate a and b
parameters from table 1-F ("unemployment, total or
white"). Use the formula to compute an approximate
standard error on the estimate of 6,000,000.
a = -0.000015749
b = 2464.91
s x = V(-0.000015749) (6,000,000) 2+ (2464.91)(6,000,000) =119,000
Suppose that in the next month the estimated number of
unemployed men increases by 200,000 to 6,200,000. The
average of the monthly levels is x = 6,100,000. Obtain the
appropriate a and b parameters from table 1-G ("unemployment, total or white, total, men, women"). Use the formula to compute an approximate standard error on the estimated change of 200,000.
s x = V(-0.000082123) (6,100,000) 2 + (3494.11) (6,100,000) = 135,000
An approximate 90-percent confidence interval for the
true month-to-month change would be the interval from
-16,000 to 416,000. Because this interval covers zero, one
cannot assert at this level of confidence that any real
change has occurred in the unemployment level. This result can also be expressed by saying that the apparent
171
Table 1-D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly levels
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Agricultural
employment
Estimated
monthly
level
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment
Unemployment
Hispanic origin
Total or
white
11
16
38
57
88
145
200
253
307
Black
11
16
36
50
69
Total or
white
11
16
35
49
70
98
119
137
152
183
207
Black
Hispanic
origin
11
16
36
49
67
86
94
93
84
12
16
36
51
71
96
Total
11
16
35
50
70
99
120
138
153
184
209
246
273
293
306
313
316
306
275
211
White
11
16
35
50
70
98
120
137
152
183
207
243
267
284
294
297
295
272
216
Black
11
16
36
50
69
93
108
117
122
117
84
Employed
12
17
38
52
71
93
102
104
97
Civilian labor
force or not
in labor force
12
17
38
52
71
93
102
104
97
Table 1-E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change in levels
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Estimated
monthly
level
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000 ..
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
172
Agricultural
employment
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment
Unemployment
Hispanic origin
Total or
white
13
18
39
53
71
85
82
58
Black
11
15
34
48
66
Total or
white
13
19
42
58
82
113
134
151
163
184
192
Black
13
19
41
57
76
92
91
72
Hispanic
origin
14
19
43
60
82
107
Total
White
Black
Employed
9
13
29
41
57
81
98
112
125
150
170
200
222
237
246
251
252
240
206
138
9
13
29
41
57
81
98
112
125
150
170
200
222
237
246
251
252
240
206
138
9
13
30
41
57
76
87
93
95
82
10
14
32
44
60
77
84
84
76
Civilian labor
force or not
in labor force
9
12
27
37
50
65
72
73
68
change of 200,000 is not significant at a 90-percent
confidence level.
Standard errors of estimated percentages and rates.
Generally, percentages and rates are not published unless
the monthly base (denominator) is greater than 75,000
persons, the quarterly average base is greater than 60,000
persons, or the annual average base is greater than 35,000
persons.
The reliability of an estimated percentage or rate depends upon the magnitude of the percentage or rate and its
base. When the numerator and base are in different
Table 1-F. Parameters for computation of standard errors
for estimates of monthly levels
Characteristic
a
b
-0.000015503
-.000028833
-.000025830
-.000149802
2488.36
2300.61
2111.70
2039.69
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..
-.000017494
-.000032295
-.000029346
-.000177579
2488.36
2300.61
2111.70
2039.69
Black
Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..
-.000113103
-.000273973
-.000164107
-.001144754
2613.14
2458.39
2181.67
2390.62
Hispanic origin
-.000199918
2945.94
000005200
690 84
Men
Not in labor force, total or white,
excluding women and 16-to
19-year-olds
Agricultural employment:
Total or white
Men
Women or both sexes, 16
to 19 years
.000685688
.000755044
2541.14
2351.42
-.000021749
2155.45
Black
-.000121753
2626.04
.011486158
2189.09
.015153395
1268.58
-.000015749
-.000191460
-.000098631
2464.91
2621.89
2704.53
Hispanic origin:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to
19 years
Unemployment:
Total or white
Black
Hispanic origin
Excludes not-in-labor-force data.
Illustration. For a given month, suppose that 5,600,000
women, 20 to 24 years of age, are estimated to be
employed. Of this total, 1,800,000 or 32 percent are classified as part-time workers. To estimate the standard error
on this percentage, proceed as follows. Obtain the
parameter b = 2111.70 from table 1-F ("labor force and
not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment, total women"). Apply the formula to obtain:
/2111.70
White 1
1
P(IOO-P)
.= A/ 5,600,000 (32) (100 -
_abor force and not-laborforce data other than agricultural employment and
unemployment:
Total 1
Men 1
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..
categories, use the parameters from table 1-F or 1-G
relevant to the numerator. The approximate standard
error, SyjP> of an estimated percentage or rate, p, can be obtained using the following formula, where y is the
estimated number of persons in the base.
32) = 0.9 percent
Suppose that in the next month 5,700,000 women in this
same age group are reported employed and that 1,950,000
or 34 percent are part-time workers. To estimate the standard error on the observed month-to-month change of 2
percentage points, first average the values for p and y over
the 2 months to get p = 33 percent and y = 5,650,000.
Next, obtain the parameter b = 2245.76 from table 1-G
("labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment, total or white,
women, low correlation characteristics") and apply the
formula as follows.
2245.76
(33) (100 - 33) = 0.9 percent
5,650,000
It should be noted that the numerator of the percentage
(part-time employed) determined the choice of correlation. If the example had illustrated percentages of women
employed full time, the numerator would have been a high
correlation characteristic. Table 1-G, however, does not
explicitly list high correlation parameters for employed
women; thus, the row labeled "women, most characteristics" would have been used.
Had the example dealt with teenage women employed
part time, either of two rows in table 1-G could have been
applied ("women, low correlation" or "both sexes, 16 to 19
years"). In situations like this, where it is not clear which
row applies, a general rule to follow is to choose the row
with the largest b parameter. This gives a more conservative estimate of standard error.
Use of table 1-H. Use this table with table 1-B, 1-C, 1-D,
or 1-F to calculate approximate standard errors for quarterly or yearly averages, changes in consecutive quarterly
or yearly averages, and consecutive year-to-year changes
173
Table 1-G. Parameters for computation of standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change in levels
Characteristic
Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total or white:
Most characteristics
High correlation characteristics1
Low correlation characteristics1
-0.000010944
-.000008144
-.000014170
1668.04
1304.38
2126.02
Men:
Most characteristics
High correlation characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
-.000019884
-.000014794
-.000051372
1599.03
1249.33
2221.13
Women:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
-.000018554
-.000052252
1410.58
2245.76
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
-.000162663
2097.34
Black:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
-.000089327
-.001740338
1787.47
5422.14
Men:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
-.000212603
-.002613218
1912.52
4889.94
Women:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
-.000140597
-.002078353
1539.24
4483.53
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
-.001139392
2538.37
-.000152279
-.000099676
-.002541911
-.000238849
2098.10
1459.85
6518.78
1749.13
-.000384132
-.000330113
2694.10
1972.12
Total or white:
Total
Men
Women or both sexes, 16 to 19 years
-.000346999
-.000592136
.000113873
3199.19
3295.42
1975.66
Black:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to 19 years
-.000110444
-.017331654
2382.12
4929.50
Hispanic origin:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to 19 years
.002782195
.002777539
3509.38
3001.45
-.000215510
1743.43
Total or white:
Total, men, women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics
-.000082123
-.000062800
3494.11
4269.23
Black:
Total, men, women, and both sexes, 16 to 19 years
High correlation characteristics
-.000373894
.000043481
3630.26
2571.23
Hispanic origin:
Total, men, women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics
-.000244978
-.000965230
3822.03
5321.96
Hispanic origin:
Total
Civilian labor force and not in labor force
Low correlation characteristics
Men, civilian labor force and not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over; 20 years and over;
and both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Women, 16 years and over and 20 years and over
Agricultural employment:
Self-employed
2
Unemployment:
1
High correlation characteristics include employed full-time, manufacturing, service workers, and not in the labor force. Low correlation
characteristics include all part-time workers; employed, with a job, but
not at work; unpaid family workers; and precision production, craft,
and repair occupations.
174
2
High correlation characteristics include full-time jobseekers; job
losers; manufacturing workers; and operators, fabricators, and laborers. Low correlation characteristics include part-time jobseekers, reentrants, persons unemployed for less than 5 weeks and from 5 to 14
weeks.
in monthly estimates. Table 1-H gives factors to be applied
only to standard errors for monthly levels. Follow these
three basic steps:
Step 1. Average estimates appropriately. For quarterly
estimates, average the 3 monthly estimates. For yearly estimates, average the 12 monthly estimates. For changes in
consecutive averages, average over the 2 quarters or 2
years. For consecutive year-to-year changes in monthly
estimates, average the 2 months involved.
=A/l-0.000113103X11,600,000)2
,600,000) = 123,000
Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .87 from table
1-H (column labeled "quarterly averages" and row labeled
"labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment, black"). This
gives an approximate standard error of 107,000 on the
quarterly average of 11,600,000.
Step 2. Obtain a standard error on a monthly estimate
using table 1-B or 1-C, or apply the procedures for table
1-D or 1-F to the average calculated in step 1, as if the
average were an estimate for a single month.
Proceed to obtain the approximate standard error on
the change in consecutive quarterly average estimates of
black employment. Assume that black employment estimates for the months in the second quarter are observed to
be 11,100,000, 11,200,000, and 11,300,000.
Step 3. Determine the standard error on the average or
on the estimate of change. Multiply the result from step 2
by the appropriate factor from table 1-H.
Step 1. The average for the second quarter is 11,200,000.
The average of the 2 quarters is 11,400,000.
Illustration. Suppose that standard errors are desired for a
quarterly average of black employment levels and for the
change in averages from 1 quarter to the next. For each
successive month of the first quarter, suppose the levels are
observed to be 11,500,000, 11,600,000, and 11,700,000.
Step 1. The quarterly average is 11,600,000.
Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters from table 1-F
("labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment, black, total").
Use the formula for Sx to compute an approximate standard error for a monthly estimate of 11,600,000.
a = -0.000113103
Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters as above and use
the formula for sx to compute an approximate standard
error for the estimate of 11,400,000, treating it as an estimate for a single month.
sx=V(-0.000113103)(ll,400,000)2 + (2613.
Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .84 from table
1-H (column labeled "change in quarterly averages" and
row labeled "labor force and not-in-labor-force data other
than agricultural employment and unemployment,
black"). This gives an approximate standard error of
103,000 on the estimated change of 400,000 from 1 quarter
to the next.
The estimated change clearly exceeds 2 standard errors;
therefore, one could conclude from these data that the
change in quarterly averages is significant.
= 2613.14
Table 1-H. Factors to be used with tables 1-B, 1-C, 1-D, and 1-F to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates,
and percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly
averages, and change in yearly averages
Factor
Year-to-year
change of
monthly
estimate
Characteristic
Quarterly
averages
Change
in
quarterly
averages
Yearly
averages
Change
in
yearly
averages
Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part time
.
...
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.40
0 92
.82
.78
.80
0 70
.84
.88
.80
0 79
.57
.49
.59
0 70
.70
.70
.70
1.40
1.40
.74
.67
.88
.88
.46
.42
.65
.54
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.40
.87
.87
.87
.79
.82
.85
.84
.80
.88
.90
.65
.65
.65
.54
.51
.70
.70
.70
.70
.60
Unemployment:
Total
Part time
Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than
agricultural employment and unemployment:
Total or white
Black
Hispanic origin
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part time
175
Establishment Data
("B" tables)
COLLECTION
BLS cooperates with State employment security agencies in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establishment survey to collect data each month on employment, hours, and earnings from a sample of nonfarm establishments (including government.) In 1992, this sample
included over 370,000 reporting units. From these data, a
large number of employment, hours, and earnings series in
considerable industry and geographic detail are prepared
and published each month. Historical statistics can be
found in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United
States, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States and
Areas. These data are also available in machine-readable
format.
Each month, the State agencies collect data on employment, payrolls, and paid hours from a sample of establishments. Data are collected by mail from most respondents;
phone collection is used to obtain higher response rates
from selected respondents through computer-assisted interviews, touch-tone self-response, and'voice recognition
technology.
The respondents extract the requested data from their
payroll records, which must be maintained for a variety of
tax and accounting purposes. All firms with 250 employees or more are asked to participate in the survey, as
well as a sample of smaller firms.
A "shuttle" schedule (BLS form 790 series) is used for
mail respondents. It is submitted each month by the respondents, edited by the State agency, and returned to the
respondent for use again the following month.
The technical characteristics of the shuttle schedule are
particularly important in maintaining continuity and consistency in reporting from month to month. The shuttle
design automatically exhibits the trends of the reported
data covered by the schedule during the year; therefore,
the relationship of the current data to the data for the previous months is shown. The schedule also has operational
advantages. For example, accuracy and economy are
achieved by entering the identification codes and the address of the reporter only once a year.
All schedules are edited by the State agencies each
month to make sure that the data are correctly reported
and that they are consistent with the data reported by the
establishment in earlier months and with the data reported
by other establishments in the industry. The State agencies
forward the data, either on the schedules themselves or in
machine-readable form, to BLS-Washington. They also
use the information provided on the forms to develop State
and area estimates of employment, hours, and earnings. At
BLS, the data are edited again by computer to detect processing and reporting errors which may have been missed
176
in the initial State editing; the edited data are used to prepare national estimates.
It should be noted that for employment, the sum of the
State figures will differ from the official U.S. national totals because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification and differences in the timing of
benchmark adjustments.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified into industries on the basis of their principal product
or activity determined from information on annual sales
volume. Since January 1980, this information is collected
on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance
tax reports filed by employers. For an establishment making more than one product or engaging in more than one
activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the
Nation (beginning with August 1990 data) and for States
and areas (beginning with January 1990 data) are classified in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SIC), Office of Management and Budget.
Industry employment
Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes
the 12th day of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the number of
persons who occupied positions on the last day of the calendar month. Intermittent workers are counted if they
performed any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid
volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic
workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included.
Government employment covers only civilian employees;
military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central
Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency are
also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick
leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid
holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the
pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike
during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not
counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on
leave without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who
were hired but have not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of employment change (table B-6).
These indexes measure the dispersion among industries of
the change in employment over the specified time span.
Beginning with August 1990 data, the overall indexes are
calculated from 356 seasonally adjusted employment series (3-digit industries) covering all nonfarm payroll employment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffusion indexes are based on 139 3-digit industries.
To derive the indexes, each component industry is assigned a value of 0, 50, or 100 percent, depending on
whether its employment showed a decrease, no change, or
an increase, respectively, over the time span. The average
value (mean) is then calculated, and this percent is the diffusion index number.
The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent,
the value which indicates that the same number of component industries had increased as had decreased. Index
numbers above 50 show that more industries had increasing employment, and values below 50 indicate that more
had decreasing employment. The margin between the percent that increased and the percent that decreased is equal
to the difference between the index and its complement,
i.e., 100 minus the index. For example, an index of 65 percent means that 30 percent more industries had increasing
employment
than
had
decreasing
employment
[65-( 100-65) = 30]. However, for dispersion analysis, the
distance of the index number from the 50-percent reference point is the most significant observation.
Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpreted
as showing the percent of components that increased over
the time span, it should be remembered that the index reflects half of the unchanged components as well. (This is
the effect of assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged components when computing the index.)
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports of payrolls and hours for production and related
workers in manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries.
Production and related workers. This category includes
working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating,
processing, assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing,
handling, packing, warehousing/shipping, trucking, hauling, maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use
(e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other services
closely associated with the above production operations.
Construction workers. This group includes the following
employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices,
helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations,
demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether working at
the site of construction or working in shops or yards at jobs
(such as precutting and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction trades.
Nonsupervisory employees. These are employees (not above
the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers,
attendants, line installers and repairers, laborers, janitors,
guards, and other employees at similar occupational levels
whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll. This refers to the payroll for full- and part-time
production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who
received pay for any part of the pay period which includes
the 12th day of the month. The payroll is reported before
deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds,
or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays,
vacation, and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses
(unless earned and paid regularly each pay period); other
pay not earned in the pay period reported (e.g., retroactive
pay); tips; and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other
payment in kind are excluded. Employee benefits (such as
health and other types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc., paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours. These are the hours paid for during the pay period
which includes the 12th of the month for production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours
paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is
received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours. These are hours worked by production or
related workers for which overtime premiums were paid
because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of
either the straight-time workday or the workweek during
the pay period which included the 12th of the month.
Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtime
premiums were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of premiums
were paid are excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates
to the average hours for which pay was received and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as
unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and
stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than
scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current
177
month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures
for 1982. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the
product of average weekly hours and production worker
or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum
of the component aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that
portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If
an employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular
rates, receiving as total compensation his or her holiday
pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no
overtime hours would be reported.
Because overtime hours are premium hours by definition, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily
move in the same direction from month to month. Such
factors as work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence on overtime hours as
on average hours. Diverse trends at the industry group level also may be caused by a marked change in hours for a
component industry where little or no overtime was
worked in both the previous and current months.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on a
"gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors as
premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changes
in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They also
reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers'
earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups
and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly
earnings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates.
Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated
period of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given
unit of work or time. The earnings series do not measure
the level of total labor costs on the part of the employer
since the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll
taxes paid by employers, and earnings for those employees
not covered under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage payments. These series are compiled only for aircraft (SIC
3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing. The same concepts and estimation methods apply to these series as apply to the average hourly
earnings series described above; the one difference between the series is definitional. The payroll data used to
calculate this series include lump-sum payments made to
production workers in lieu of general wage rate increases;
such payments are excluded from the definition of gross
178
payrolls used to calculate the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 and SIC
3761 covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data are adjusted to include a prorated portion of the
lump-sum payment. Such payments are generally made
once a year and cover the following 12-month period. In
order to spread the payment across this time period, a prorated portion of the payment is added to the payroll each
month. This prorated portion is adjusted by an exit rate to
reduce the lump-sum amount to account for persons who
received the payment but left before the payment allocation period expired.
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average
hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay are
computed by dividing the total production worker payroll
for the industry group by the sum of total production
worker hours and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime
rates other than time and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are
based on monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of
the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff assistants
(ICC group I) who received pay during the month. Average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours
are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid
for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Average weekly earnings are
derived by multiplying average weekly hours by average
hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average
hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are
affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings
but also by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time
workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover
during the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees are not paid may cause the average workweek to
fluctuate.
Long-term trends of average weekly earnings can be affected by structural changes in the makeup of the work
force. For example, persistent long-term increases in the
proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many
of the services industries have reduced average workweeks
in these industries and have affected the average weekly
earnings series.
Real earnings. These earnings are in constant dollars and
are calculated from the earnings averages for the current
month using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price
Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
(CPI-W). The reference year for these series is 1982.
ESTIMATING METHODS
The Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establishment survey estimates of employment are generated
through an annual benchmark and monthly sample link
procedure. Annual universe counts or benchmark levels
are generated primarily from administrative records on
employees covered by unemployment insurance (UI) tax
laws. These annual benchmarks, established for March of
each year, are projected forward for each subsequent
month based on the trend of the sample employment, using an estimation procedure called the link relative.
Benchmarks and sample link relatives are computed for
each of 1,690 basic estimation cells defined by industry,
size, and geography for the CES national estimates, and
summed to create aggregate level employment estimates.
Benchmarks
The establishment survey constructs annual benchmarks in order to realign the sample-based employment
totals for March of each year with the Ul-based population counts for March. These population counts are much
less timely than sample-based estimates; however, they
provide an annual point-in-time census for employment.
Population counts are derived from the administrative
file of employees covered by UI. All employers covered by
UI laws are required to report employment and wage information to the appropriate State employment security
agency four times a year. Approximately 99 percent of inscope private employment is covered by UI. A benchmark
for the remaining 1 percent is constructed from alternate
sources, primarily records from the Interstate Commerce
Commission and the Social Security Administration. The
full benchmark developed for March replaces the March
sample-based estimate, for each basic cell. The monthly
sample-based estimates for the year preceding and the year
following the benchmark are also then subject to revision.
Monthly estimates for the year preceding the March
benchmark are readjusted using a "wedge back" procedure. The difference between the final benchmark level
and the previously published March sample estimate is
calculated and spread back across the previous 11 months.
The wedge is linear; eleven-twelfths of the March difference is added to the February estimates, ten-twelfths to the
January estimates, and so on, back to the previous April
estimates which receive one-twelfth of the March difference. This assumes that the total estimation error since the
last benchmark accumulated at a steady rate throughout
the current benchmark year.
Estimates for the 11 months following the March
benchmark are also recalculated each year. These postbenchmark estimates reflect the application of sample-
based monthly changes to new benchmark levels for
March, and the recomputation of bias adjustment factors
for each month. Bias factors are updated to take into account the most recent experience of the estimates generated by the monthly sample versus the full universe counts
derived from the UI.
Following the revision of basic employment estimates,
all other derivative series (e.g., production workers, average hourly earnings) are also recalculated. New seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated and all data series for the
previous 5 years are reseasonally adjusted, prior to full
publication of all revised data in June of each year.
Monthly estimation
Estimates are derived from a sample of approximately
370,000 business establishments nationwide. A current
month's estimate is derived as the product of the previous
month's estimate and a sample link relative for the current
month. A bias adjustment factor is then applied to this result primarily to help account for new business births during the month.
Stratification. The sample is stratified into 1,690 basic estimation cells for purposes of computing national employment, hours, and earnings estimates. Cells are defined primarily by detailed industry, and secondarily by size for a
majority of cells. In a few industries, mostly within the
construction division, geographic stratification is also
used. Industry classification is in accordance with the
1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SIC);
most estimation cells are defined at the 4-digit SIC level.
This detailed stratification pattern allows for the production and publication of estimates in considerable industry detail. Sub-industry stratification by size is important because major statistics which the survey measures,
particularly employment change and average earnings, often vary significantly between establishments of different
size. Stratification reduces the variance of the published
industry level estimates.
Link relative technique. A ratio of the previous to the current month's employment is computed from a sample of
establishments reporting for both months —this ratio is
called a "link relative." For each basic cell, a link relative is
computed and applied to the previous month's employment estimate to derive the current month's estimate.
Thus a March benchmark is moved forward to the next
March benchmark through application of monthly link
relatives. Basic cell estimates created through the link relative technique are aggregated to form published industry
level estimates, for employment, as described in table 2-A.
Basic estimation and aggregation methods for the hours
and earnings data are also shown in table 2-A.
Bias adjustment. Bias adjustment factors are computed at
the 3-digit SIC level, and applied each month at the
179
Table 2-A. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Employment, hours,
and earnings
Basic estimating cell (industry, region,
size or region/size cell)
Aggregate industry level (division
and, where stratified, industry)
Monthly data
All employees
All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of all employees in current month to
all employees in previous month, for sample
establishments which reported for both months.1
Sum of all-employee estimates for component
cells.
All-employee estimate for current month multiplied
by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to all employees in sample establishments for
current month, (2) estimated ratio of women to all
employees.2
Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates, or estimates of women employees, for
component cells.
Average weekly hours
Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by number of production or nonsupervisory
workers.2
Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory worker employment, of the average weekly
hours for component cells.
Average weekly overtime hours . . . .
Production worker overtime hours divided by number of production workers.2
Average, weighted by production worker employment, of the average weekly overtime hours for
component cells.
Average hourly earnings
Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll
divided by total production or nonsupervisory
worker hours.2
Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average hourly earnings for component cells.
Average weekly earnings
Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.
Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.
Production or nonsupervisory workers, women employees
Annual average data
All employees, women employees,
and production or nonsupervisory
workers
Average weekly hours
Average weekly overtime hours . . . .
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
1
Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.
Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.
Annual total of aggregate hours (production or
nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by
average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of
employment.
Annual total of aggregate hours for production or
nonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum of
employment for these workers.
Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (production worker employment multiplied by average
weekly overtime hours) divided by annual sum of
employment.
Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for production workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers.
Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by
weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours.
Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by annual aggregate hours.
Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.
Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by
bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in the
sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average
weekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly
180
earnings are modified by a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising mainly from the voluntary
character of the reporting. The wedging procedure accepts the
advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at
the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the
latest sample average.
basic cell level, as part of the standard estimation procedures. The main purpose of bias adjustment is to reduce a
primary source of nonsampling error in the survey, the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firm births. There is a several month lag between an establishment opening for business and its appearing on the UI universe frame and being available for
sampling. Because new firms generate a portion of employment growth each month of the year, nonsampling
methods must be used to capture this growth, otherwise
substantial under estimation of total employment levels
would occur. Formal bias adjustment procedures have
been used by the establishment survey since the late
1960's. Prior to the 1983 benchmark, bias adjustments
were derived from a simple mean error model, which averaged undercount errors for the previous 3 years to arrive at
bias projections for the coming year. The undercount
errors were measured as the difference between samplebased estimate results and benchmark levels.
This procedure eventually proved inadequate during
periods of rapidly changing employment trends, and the
bias adjustment methodology was revised. Research done
in the early 1980's indicated that bias requirements were
strongly correlated with current employment growth or
decline. Based on this research, a revised method was developed which incorporated the sample data on employment growth over the most recent two quarters, and a regression-derived coefficient for the significance of that
change, to adjust the mean error model results. This
change in methodology provided a more cyclically sensitive bias model. The regression-adjusted mean error model
has been in use since 1983, for the production of national
estimates.
The current model still has limitations in its ability to
react to changing economic conditions or changing error
structure relationships between the sample-based estimates and the UI universe counts. A principal limitation is
the inability to incorporate UI universe counts as they become available on an ongoing basis, with a 6- to 9-month
lag from the reference period. Thus, the current quarterly
outputs from the model are subject to intervention analysis, and adjustments can be made to its results, prior to the
establishment of final bias levels for a quarter. Review is
done primarily in terms of detection of outlier (i.e., abnormally high or low) values, and by comparison of CES sample and bias trends with the most recent quarterly observations of UI universe counts. The BLS currently has under
study improved bias models using a Kalman filter technique, which would allow a more formal, structured incorporation of each quarter's UI universe counts in the bias
modeling process.
Although the primary function of bias adjustment is to
account for employment resulting from new business formations, it also adjusts for other elements of nonsampling
error in the survey, because the primary input to the mod-
eling procedure is total estimation error. Significant
among these nonsampling error sources is a business death
bias. When a sampled firm closes down, most often it simply does not respond to the survey that month, rather than
reporting zero employment. Foliowup with nonrespondents may reveal an out-of-business firm, but this information is often received too late to incorporate into monthly
estimates, and the firm is simply treated as a nonrespondent for that month.
Because the bias adjustments incorporated into the estimates represent a composite of a birth bias, death bias, and
a number of other differences between the sample-based
estimates and the population counts, the monthly bias adjustment levels have no specific economic meaning in and
of themselves.
Table 2-B summarizes bias adjustments made over the
past 10 years. The table displays the average monthly "bias
added" and the average monthly "bias required" with the
benchmark revisions for each year. Bias added shows the
average amount of bias which was added each month over
the course of an interbenchmark period. For example, the
bias added for 1984 is listed as 140,000; this represents the
average of bias adjustments made each month over the
period April 1983 through May 1984. Bias required is
computed retrospectively, after the March benchmark for
a given year is known. Bias required figures are calculated
by taking the difference between a March estimate derived
purely from the sample (i.e., a series calculated without
bias adjustment) and the March benchmark. Dividing this
figure by 12 gives the average monthly bias required figure. The bias required is thus defined as the amount of bias
adjustment which would have achieved a zero benchmark
error. The difference between the total bias required and
the total bias added is then, by definition, approximately
the benchmark revision amount, for any given year. Also
provided in the table for illustration, are the March-toMarch changes. As discussed above, the over-the-year
changes indicate correlation with the bias added and bias
required figures.
THE SAMPLE
Design
The emphasis in the establishment survey is on producing timely data at minimum cost. Therefore, the primary
goal of its design is to sample a sufficiently large segment
of the universe to provide reliable estimates that can be
published both promptly and regularly. The present sample allows BLS to produce preliminary total nonfarm employment estimates for each month, including some limited industry detail, within 3 weeks after the reference period, and data in considerably more detail with an additional one-month lag.
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is a
181
form of sampling with probability proportionate to size,
known as "sampling proportionate to average size of establishment." This is an optimum allocation design among
strata because sampling variance is proportional to the average size of establishments. The universe of establishment
employment is highly skewed, with a large percentage of
total employment concentrated in relatively few establishments. Because variance on a population total estimate is a
function of percentage universe coverage achieved by the
sample, it is efficient to sample larger establishments at a
higher rate than smaller establishments, assuming the cost
per sample unit is fairly constant across size classes.
Under the establishment survey design, large establishments fall into a certainty strata for sample selection. The
size of the sample for the various industries is determined
empirically on the basis of experience and cost considerations. For example, in a manufacturing industry with a
high proportion of total employment concentrated in a
small number of establishments, a larger percent of total
employment is included in the sample. Consequently, the
sample design for such industries provides for a complete
census of the large establishments, with a relatively few
chosen from among the smaller establishments. For an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is
concentrated in small establishments, the sample design
again calls for inclusion of all large establishments but also
for a more substantial number of smaller ones. Many industries in the trade and services divisions fall into this
category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by available resources, it is necessary to have a sample
design for these industries with a smaller proportion of total universe coverage than is the case for most manufacturing industries.
Coverage
The establishment survey is the largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social statistics. Table 2-C
shows the latest benchmark employment levels and the approximate proportion of total universe employment coverage, at the total nonfarm and major industry division levels. The coverage for individual industries within the divisions may vary from the proportions shown.
Reliability
The establishment survey, like other sample surveys, is
subject to two types of error, sampling and nonsampling
error. The magnitude of sampling error, or variance, is directly related to the size of the sample and the percentage
of universe coverage achieved by the sample. The establishment survey sample covers over one-third of total universe employment; this yields a very small variance on the
total nonfarm estimates. Measurements of error associated with sample estimates are provided in tables 2-D
through 2-G.
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error. The sum
of sampling and nonsampling error can be considered total
survey error. Unlike most sample surveys which publish
sampling error as their only measure of error, the CES can
derive an annual approximation of total error, on a lagged
basis, because of the availability of the independently
derived universe data. While the benchmark error is used
as a measure of total error for the CES survey estimate,
technically, it actually represents the difference between
two independent estimates derived from separate survey
processes (i.e., the CES sample process and the UI universe process) and thus reflects the errors present in
Table 2-B. March employment benchmarks and bias adjustments for total private industries, March 1983-92
Benchmark
Average monthly bias
Year
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
'
Employment1
Revision2
Added3
Required4
72,043
76,371
79,446
81,204
83,173
86,180
89,015
90,546
88,790
88,347
-78
341
-131
-400
21
-310
-93
-261
-583
-130
102
140
152
149
98
114
131
85
61
33
96
169
141
116
99
88
123
63
12
22
1
Universe counts for March of each year used to make annual
benchmark adjustments to the employment estimates. About 99 percent of the benchmark employment is from unemployment insurance
administrative records, and the remaining 1 percent is from alternate
sources. Data represent benchmark levels as originally computed;
levels for 1983-90 were subsequently corrected.
2
Difference between the final March sample-based estimate and
the benchmark level for total private employment.
3
The average amount of bias adjustment each month over the
182
Over-the-year
employment
change5
-1,327
4,328
3,075
1,758
1,969
3,007
2,835
1,531
-1,756
-443
course of an inter-benchmark period, i.e., from April of the prior year
through March of the given year.
4
The difference between the March benchmark and the March estimate derived solely from the sample without bias adjustment, converted to a monthly amount by dividing by 12.
5
March-to-March changes in the benchmark employment level.
NOTE: Data in this table exclude government employment because there is no bias adjustment for this sector.
each program. Historically, the benchmark revision has
been very small for total nonfarm employment. Over the
past decade, percentage benchmark error has averaged 0.2
percent, with a range from zero to 0.6 percent. Table 2-D
shows the most current benchmark revisions, along with
10-year mean revisions and mean absolute revisions for
major industries. Mean revisions give an indication of bias
in the estimates; unbiased estimates have a mean revision
close to zero, as over and under estimations cancel out
over time. Mean absolute revisions give an overall indicator as to the accuracy of the estimates; the larger the value,
the further the estimate was from the final benchmark
level.
An alternate measure for determining the reliability of
the employment estimates for individual industries is the
root-mean-square error. This measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in the estimates:
' (standard deviation)2 + (bias)2
If the bias is small, the chances are about 19 out of 20
that the difference would be less than twice the root-meansquare error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors of
differences between final estimates and benchmarks are
pre
sented in table 2-E.
Noneconomic code changes. A major source of benchmark
revision at the major industry division level and below are
noneconomic code changes, which are introduced into the
universe data in the first quarter of each calendar year.
Approximately one-third of all establishments in the
universe are included in the universe program's annual
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) refiling survey.
Corrections to individual establishments SIC and ownership codes are made through this process. The refiling
cycle is such that every third year entire division(s) are
subject to refiling. The volume of these adjustments is generally quite large and has a substantial impact on universe
employment counts at the industry levels, although the total nonfarm employment level remains unaffected. For example, in a year when the services division is refiled, a substantial amount of employment is usually reclassified out
of services to other major divisions, thus, lowering the
benchmark level for services, and potentially causing a significant downward revision in the services employment totals previously published.
Hours and earnings. The hours and earnings estimates for
the basic estimating cells do not have universe data sources
available and therefore are not subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader groupings may be affected
slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and
earnings estimates, however, are subject to sampling errors, which may be expressed as relative errors of the estimates. (A relative error is a standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate.) Relative errors for major industries are presented in table 2-F and for individual industries
with the specified number of employees in table 2-E. The
chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours and earnings
estimates from the sample would differ by a smaller percentage than the relative error from the averages that
would have been obtained from a complete census.
Revisions between preliminary and final data. First preliminary estimates of employment, hours, and earnings, based
on less than the total sample, are published immediately
following the reference month. Final revised sample-based
estimates are published 2 months later when nearly all the
reports in the sample have been received. Table 2-G presents the root-mean-square error, the mean percent, and
the mean absolute percent revision that may be expected
between the preliminary and final employment estimates.
Table 2-C. Employment benchmarks and approximate coverage of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 1992
Sample coverage1
Industry
Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities . . . .
Wholesale trade .. .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate . . .
Services
Government:
Federal
State
Local
Benchmarks
(thousands) Number of
establishments
Employees
Percent
Number
of
(thousands) benchmarks
107,300
308,646
41,726
39
634
4,117
17,973
3,723
25,786
56,010
276
831
8,967
44
20
50
15,743
26,002
62,769
2,308
1,149
4,534
41
19
24
6,534
28,586
22,709
72,661
2,122
7,253
32
25
2,974
4,494
11,485
(3)
5,586
17,657
2,974
3,656
7,656
100
81
67
5,655
5,993
18,855
2
1
Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Because not all
establishments report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings estimates are based on a smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete count
of employment for Class I railroads. A small sample is used to estimate
hours and earnings data.
3
Total Federal employment counts by agency for use in national
estimates are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management.
Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State
and area estimates of Federal employment, are based on a sample of
5,623 reports covering about 60 percent of employment in Federal
establishments.
183
Table 2-D. Current (March 1992) and historical benchmark revisions
(Numbers in thousands)
10-year average
mean percent revision1
March 1992
benchmark revision
Industry
Percent
Level
Total
-0.1
-59
Total private
-130
Goods-producing
-263
Actual
Absolute
-0.1
0.2
-.2
.3
-1.2
-.8
-1.1
-.7
.7
-5
-4
-2.5
-2.7
2.5
2.9
Construction
General building contractors
-109
-36
-2.6
-3.6
-.5
-.5
1.4
2.0
Manufacturing
-149
-.8
-.6
.7
-101
-12
9
-6
-11
-1.0
-1.8
1.9
-1.2
-1.6
-1.2
-.9
-1.2
-1.4
-.2
-.1
-2.0
-.6
-.6
-1.2
-.3
-.4
-.7
-.1
-.7
.7
1.4
-1.1
.3
.7
-.5
-1.2
.9
1.0
1.0
1.5
.9
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.3
1.7
1.3
-48
-16
0
-7
-13
-1
-17
11
4
-5
-4
-.6
-1.0
0
-1.0
-.6
-.8
-.3
-.4
-1.0
-.2
-.3
-.4
-.1
-.7
-2.3
.7
1.0
3.8
.6
1.3
.5
.9
.8
1.5
1.6
3.6
204
.2
-33
-33
0
-.6
-1.0
0
-.5
-.8
-.1
.6
1.2
.7
44
22
22
.7
.6
.9
-.4
-.7
.1
1.0
1.1
.8
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Auto dealers and service stations . .
Eating and drinking places
164
85
0
-39
115
.9
3.6
0
-2.0
1.8
.3
.7
-.7
-.5
.8
.6
1.9
1.2
1.3
1.3
Finance, insurance, and real estate . .
Finance
Insurance
Real estate
-100
-75
-7
-18
-1.5
-2.4
-.3
-1.4
-.5
-.7
0
-.5
.6
.8
.8
1.4
Services
Business services
Health services ..
58
2
20
.2
(2)
.2
.1
.3
-.5
.5
1.6
.9
Government
Federal. . .
State
Local
71
0
27
44
.4
0
.6
A
.1
0
.4
0
.3
0
.7
.4
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blastfurnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment .
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities . . . .
Transportation
Communications and public utilities
-3
-12
-23
-22
-4
-1
-19
-2
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
1
Data relate to the 1983-92 benchmarks, as originally published.
Benchmark levels for 1982-90 were subsequently corrected.
184
-1.3
-.1
-1.1
1.0
2.5
-.6
-3.4
2
Less than 0.05 percent.
-1.0
.3
Table 2-E. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings
Size of employment
estimate
1
Relative error2
(in percent)
Average
weekly
hours
Average
hourly
earnings
2.2
1.3
1.1
.9
.8
.5
4.0
2.3
2.0
1.6
1.2
.9
2,100
3,900
5,600
14,000
15,000
26,000
50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000
2
Root-meansquare
error of
employment
estimates1
Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
Table 2-F. Relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)
Relative error1
Industry
Average
weekly hours
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Average
hourly
earnings
0.1
1.0
.2
.1
.1
.1
0.2
1.3
.5
.2
.3
.2
.7
.2
.2
.6
.4
.4
.2
.4
.4
.6
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
The interpretation of these measures is parallel to the description above for revisions between final sample-based
estimates and benchmarks (i.e., tables 2-C and 2-E).
Revisions of preliminary hours and earnings estimates
are normally not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly
hours and 1 cent for hourly earnings, at the total private
nonfarm level, and may be slightly larger for the more detailed industry groupings.
STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
(Tables B-7, B-14, and B-18)
As explained earlier, State agencies in cooperation with
BLS collect and prepare State and area employment,
hours, and earnings data. These statistics are based on the
same establishment reports used by BLS, however, BLS
uses the full CES sample to produce monthly national employment estimates, while each State agency uses its portion of the sample to independently develop a State employment estimate.
The CES area statistics relate to metropolitan areas.
Definitions for all areas are published each year in the issue of Employment and Earnings that contains State and
area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in
definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry
detail may be obtained from the State agencies listed on the
inside back cover of each issue.
Caution in aggregating State data. The national estimation
procedures used by BLS are designed to produce accurate
national data by detailed industry; correspondingly the
State estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each individual State. State estimates are not
forced to sum to national totals nor vice versa. Because
each State series is subject to larger sampling and nonsampling errors than the national series, summing them cumulates individual State level errors and can cause distortions
at an aggregate level. This has been a particular problem at
turning points in the U.S. economy, when the majority of
the individual State errors tend to be in the same direction.
Due to these statistical limitations, the Bureau does not
compile or publish a "sum-of-States" employment series.
Additionally, BLS cautions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure, particularly at turning points.
185
Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Mean percent revision
Industry
Root-mean-square error
of monthly level
Absolute
Total
78,200
0.0
0.1
55,500
0
0
Goods-producing industries
17,900
0
.1
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
2,600
2,300
0
.1
.3
.4
Construction
General building contractors
10,800
4,600
.1
.1
.2
.2
Manufacturing
12,500
Total private
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment . . . .
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts1
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
9,300
1,500
1,400
1,300
1,800
1,400
2,200
3,000
3,300
4,500
3,800
1,600
1,900
1,500
0
0
0
0
-.1
-.2
0
0
0
-.1
0
-.1
0
0
.1
.2
.2
.2
.2
.4
.1
.1
.1
.2
.4
.2
.2
.3
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
:
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
7,000
4,300
600
1,800
2,800
1,500
1,800
1,800
0
0
.2
0
0
0
0
0
-.1
0
-.1
.1
.2
1.0
.2
.2
.2
.1
.1
.4
.2
.6
Service-producing industries
800
1,700
900
71,700
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Trucking and warehousing1
Transportation by air1
Communications and public utilities
9,100
7,400
5,300
2,400
4,400
0
.0
0
-.1
-.1
.1
.2
.2
.3
.1
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
6,300
4,000
4,000
0
0
0
.1
.1
.1
27,500
13,800
6,200
4,400
6,800
8,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
.1
.4
.2
.1
.4
.1
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions1
Insurance
Real estate
7,400
4,800
3,700
3,200
4,000
0
0
-.1
0
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
Services
Agricultural services1
Hotels and other lodging places1
Personal Services1
Business services
Personnel supply services1
32,900
2,900
6,300
0
0
0
-.1
.1
.3
.1
.5
.3
.6
.2
.5
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations . . .
Apparel and accessory stores1
Eating and drinking places
186
9,800
14,500
10,400
Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates —Continued
Mean percent revision
Industry
Root-mean-square error
of monthly level
Actual
Absolute
2,900
1,500
4,700
14,500
8,100
3,700
1,700
11,500
7,300
700
4,300
3,400
-.1
-.1
0
.7
0
0
-.1
0
0
-.4
0
0
.2
.3
1.0
1.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
.3
.8
.2
.1
47,000
15,100
19,100
30,000
0
.1
0
0
.2
.4
.3
.2
Service-producing industries —Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking1
Miscellaneous repair services1
Motion pictures1
Amusement and recreation services1
Health services
Hospitals1
Legal services1
Educational services1
Social services1
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens1 . . .
Membership organizations1
Engineering and management services1
Government
Federal
State
Local
1
Data based on differences from January 1990 through December
1992.
NOTE: Errors are based on differences from January 1988 through
December 1992. Data used in the computations for several industries
are not strictly comparable due to changes in the industrial classification system, unless otherwise noted.
187
Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data
("C" tables)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States,
labor market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered
under Federal assistance programs are developed by State
employment security agencies under a Federal-State
cooperative program. The local unemployment estimates
which derive from standardized procedures developed by
BLS are the basis for determining eligibility of an area for
benefits under Federal programs such as the Job Training
and Partnership Act.
Annual average data for the States and over 260 areas
shown in table C-3 are published in Employment and
Earnings (usually the May issue). For regions, States,
selected metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual
average data classified by selected demographic, social,
and economic characteristics are published in the BLS
bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other
small areas have been prepared for administration of
various Federal economic assistance programs and may be
ordered from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The
report "Unemployment in States and Local Areas" is
published monthly through GPO and is available in
microfiche form only, on a subscription basis.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment
estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, and over 6,500 areas, including nearly 2,400
LMA's, counties, and cities with a population of 25,000 or
more. The estimation methods are described below for
States (and the District of Columbia) and for sub-State
areas. At the sub-LMA level, (county and city), estimates
are prepared using disaggregation techniques based on
decennial and annual population estimates and current
unemployment insurance data. A more detailed description of the estimation procedure is contained in the BLS
document, Manual for Developing Local Area Unemployment Statistics.
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force and
unemployment estimates for 11 large States — California,
Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey,
188
New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and
Texas —are sufficiently reliable to be taken directly from
the Current Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly basis.
These are termed "direct-use States." For a description of
the CPS concepts, see "Household Data," above.
For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia,
which do not use the CPS directly each month, models
based on a "signal-plus-noise" approach are used to
develop employment and unemployment estimates. These
are the "non-direct-use" States. The model of the signal is a
time series model of the true labor force which consists of
three components: A variable coefficient regression, a
flexible trend, and a flexible seasonal component. The
regression techniques are based on historical and current
relationships found within each State's economy as
reflected in the different sources of data that are available
for each State —the CPS, the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) survey, and the unemployment insurance
(UI) system. The noise component of the models explicitly
accounts for autocorrelation in the CPS sampling error
and changes in the average magnitude of the error. In
addition, the models can identify and remove the effects of
outliers in the historical CPS series. While all the State
models have important components in common, they
differ somewhat from one another to better reflect
individual State characteristics.
Two models —one for the employment-to-population
ratio and one for the unemployment rate —are used for
each State. The employment-to-population ratio, rather
than the employment level, and the unemployment rate,
rather than the unemployment level, are estimated
primarily because these ratios are usually more meaningful for economic analysis.
The employment-to-population ratio models use the relationship between the State's monthly employment from
the CES and the CPS. The models also include trend and
seasonal components to account for movements in the
CPS not captured by the CES series. The seasonal component accounts for the seasonally in the CPS not explained
by the CES while the trend component adjusts for longrun systematic differences between the two series.
The unemployment rate models use the relationship
between the State's monthly unemployment insurance
claims data and the CPS unemployment rate, along with
trend and seasonal components.
In both the employment-to-population ratio and
unemployment rate models, an important feature is the
use of a technique that allows the equations to adjust
automatically to structural changes that occur. The
regression portion of the model includes a built-in tuning
mechanism, known as the Kalman Filter, which revises a
model's coefficients when the new data that become
available each month indicate that changes in the data
relationships have taken place. Once the estimates are
developed from the models, levels are calculated for the
employment, unemployment, and labor force levels.
developed for several categories of employment on the
basis of employment relationships at the time of the 1990
decennial census. These factors are applied to the CES
estimates for the current period to obtain adjusted
employment estimates, to which are added estimates for
employment not represented in the CES —agricultural
employees, nonagricultural self-employed and unpaid
family workers, and private household workers.
Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, monthly estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and the
District of Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, by
BLS to the annual average CPS estimates. The benchmarking technique employs a procedure (called the
Denton method) which adjusts the annual average of the
models to equal the CPS annual average, while preserving,
as much as possible, the original monthly seasonal pattern
of the model estimates.
In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction is
required; the average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates will equal the CPS annual averages.
Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the current
month, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of
the estimates for each of three categories: (1) Persons who
were previously employed in industries covered by State
UI laws; (2) those previously employed in industries not
covered by these laws; and (3) those who were entering the
civilian labor force for the first time or reentering after a
period of separation.
Estimates for sub-State areas
Monthly labor force and employment estimates for two
large sub-State areas —New York City and the Los
Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area —are obtained
directly from the CPS. Estimates for the nearly 2,400
LMA's, are prepared through indirect estimation techniques, described below.
Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilian
employment estimates are based on CES data. These
"place-of-work" estimates must be adjusted to refer to
place of residence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting
from place of work to place of residence have been
Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employment and unemployment are prepared for the State and
LMA's within the State. The LMA estimates geographically exhaust the entire State. Thus, a proportional
adjustment must be applied to all sub-State LMA
estimates to ensure that they add to the independently
estimated State totals for employment and unemployment.
Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State
estimates are revised. The revisions incorporate any
changes in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based
employment figures, corrections in claims counts, and updated historical relationships. The corrected estimates are
then readjusted to add to the revised (benchmarked) State
estimates of employment and unemployment.
189
Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp
fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in
weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major
holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. Because
these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to
month. These adjustments make it easier to observe the
cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. In
evaluating changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is
important to note that seasonal adjustment is merely an
approximation based on past experience. Seasonally
adjusted estimates have a broader margin of possible error
than the original data on which they are based, because
they are subject not only to sampling and other errors but
are also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal
adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for
selected labor force and establishment-based data are
published monthly in Employment and Earnings.
Since January 1980, national labor force data have been
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll ARIMA
(Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was
developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the standard X-ll method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment
Method by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E, January 1983.
At the beginning of each calendar year, projected
seasonal adjustment factors are calculated for use during
the January-June period. In July of each year, BLS
calculates and publishes in Employment and Earnings
projected seasonal adjustment factors for use in the second
half, based on the experience through June. Revisions of
historical data for the most recent 5 years are made only at
the beginning of each calendar year. However, as a result
of the revisions to the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980
census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted
series in early 1982 were carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates,
are computed by aggregating independently adjusted
series. For example, for each of the three major labor force
components —agricultural employment, nonagricultural
employment, and unemployment —data for four sex-age
groups (men and women under and over 20 years of age)
are separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then
added to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The
seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum of
eight seasonally adjusted civilian employment components and four seasonally adjusted unemployment
190
components. The total for unemployment is the sum of the
four unemployment components, and the unemployment
rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of total
unemployment by the estimate of the labor force. Because
of the independent seasonal adjustment of various series,
components will not necessarily add to totals.
In each January issue, Employment and Earnings
publishes revised seasonally adjusted data for selected
labor force series based on the experience through
December, new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to
calculate the civilian unemployment estimate for the first 6
months of the following year, and a description of the
current seasonal adjustment procedure.
Since the early 1980's, BLS has also used the X-ll
ARIMA procedure to seasonally adjust national establishment-based employment, hours, and earnings data. The
X-ll ARIMA program had been run once each year after
benchmarking and seasonal adjustment factors had been
projected and published for 12 months ahead (AprilMarch). Beginning in June 1989, with the introduction of
the March 1988 benchmarks, the Bureau modified this
procedure to parallel that used in seasonally adjusting
household survey data. Projected seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated and published twice a year.
Revisions of historical data are made once a year,
coincident with benchmark revisions.
All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment
factors are computed and applied at component levels. For
employment series, these are generally the 2-digit SIC
levels in manufacturing, services, and wholesale trade; in
other industry divisions where only some of the
components are seasonally adjusted, the division estimates
and their component industries are adjusted independently. Seasonally adjusted totals are arithmetic aggregations
for employment series and weighted averages of the
seasonally adjusted data for hours and earnings series.
Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the
product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings
and seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average
weekly earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted,
are obtained by dividing average weekly earnings,
seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer
Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W), and multiplying by 100. Indexes of
aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained
by multiplying average weekly hours, seasonally adjusted,
by production or nonsupervisory workers, seasonally
adjusted, and dividing by the 1982 annual average base.
For total private, total goods-producing, total private
service-producing, and major industry divisions, the
indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted.
are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component
industries and dividing by the 1982 annual average base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number
of series characterized by small seasonal components
relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components.
These failed or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series,
however, are used in the aggregation to broader level
seasonally adjusted series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government
employment are derived from unadjusted data which include Christmas temporary workers employed by the
Postal Service. The number of temporary census workers
for the decennial census, however, are removed prior to
the calculation of seasonal adjustment factors.
BLS has developed an extension of X-ll ARIMA to
allow it to adjust more adequately for the effects of the
presence or absence of religious holidays in the April
survey reference period and of Labor Day in the
September reference period. This extension was applied
for the first time at the end of 1989 to three persons-atwork labor force series which tested as having significant
and well-defined effects in their April data associated with
the timing of Easter. This extension was also used for the
seasonal adjustment of many of the establishment-based
series on average weekly hours and manufacturing
overtime hours, starting with the computation of the
projected factors for the period beginning in April 1990.
Effective with the computation of factors for the
November 1993-April 1994 period, an extension of the
moving-holiday adjustment was introduced to adjust for
the effects of elections on local government employment.
Revised seasonally adjusted national establishmentbased series based on the experience through March 1993,
new seasonal adjustment factors for May-October 1993,
and a description of the current seasonal adjustment
procedure appear in the June 1993 issue of Employment
and Earnings. Factors for the November 1993-April 1994
period appear in the December issue.
Beginning in 1992, BLS introduced publication of
seasonally adjusted labor force data for the census regions
and divisions, the 50 States, and the District of Columbia
(tables C-l and C-2). Using the X-ll ARIMA procedure,
seasonal adjustment factors are computed and applied
independently to the component employment and unemployment levels and then aggregated to regional or State
totals. Current seasonal adjustment factors are produced
for 6-month periods twice a year. Historical revisions are
made at the beginning of each calendar year. Because of
the separate processing procedures, totals for the Nation
as a whole differ from the results obtained by aggregating
regional or State data.
Beginning in 1993, BLS introduced publication of
seasonally adjusted nonfarm payroll employment data by
major industry for all States and the District of Columbia
(table B-7). Seasonal adjustment factors are applied
directly to the employment estimates at the division level
(component series for manufacturing and trade) and then
aggregated to the State totals. The recomputation of
seasonal factors and historical revisions are made coincident with the annual benchmark adjustments. State
estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate
(unadjusted and seasonally adjusted) data for each
individual State. BLS independently develops a national
employment series; State estimates are not forced to sum
to national totals. Because each Sate series is subject to
larger sampling and nonsampling errors than the national
series, summing them cumulates individual State level
errors and can cause significant distortions at an aggregate
level. Due to these statistical limitations, BLS does not
compile a "sum-of-States" employment series, and cautions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large
and volatile error structure.
191
INDEX TO STATISTICAL TABLES
TABLE KEY: A: Monthly household data; B: Monthly national and State and area establishment data; C: Monthly regional, State,
and area labor force data; D: Quarterly, household data only, in the January, April, July, and October issues. Annual averages:
Household data in the January issue; national establishment data in the January, March, and June issues; State and area establishment and labor force data in the May issue. For additional information see the listing on the inside front cover of this
publication.
Monthly
Topic
Absences from work
Aggregate weekly hours (Index)
Agricultural industries
Seasonally
adjusted
A-6
A-6
B-6
Earnings, weekly
B-11
Occupation
Race
B-11
D-1,4,8
D-11-14
A-21-25
A-20
D-4
D-4
D-13-14
A-34
B-2,15-18
B-2,15,15a,
17-18
A-3-5,7
A-4
B-3-5,7
A-6
A-4
A-13-17,20
A-15
A-19; B-1214
A-17-19
A-13-16,18
Family type
Full-time workers
A-5
A-16,31
Historical data
B-8-10
A-21-25; B-2,
15,18
A-6,10
A-1-3,6
A-26,32
A-35
A-14,20
A-5
B-5,8-9,11
A-34
A-16
B-12,15-18
B-7; C-1-2
B-14,18; C-3
A-3-5,8-9
Hours of work
Duration
Hispanic origin
A-12
A-4
Industry of last job
Occupation of last job
Race
A-10
A-10
A-4
Reason
Sex
A-11
A-2-5,8-9
Union affiliation
Veterans, Vietnam-era
192
D-19-21
A-15
A-13-18,20;
B-13
Jobsearch methods
Marital status
Multiple jobholders
Nonagricultural industries
Not in the labor force
Part-time workers
Production or nonsupervisory workers
State, region, and area data
Unemployment by:
Age
Not
seasonally
adjusted
A-14,19-20,
28,33
A-2-7; B-4
Sex
Seasonally
adjusted
Annual
averages
47-48
B-9
A-1-3,6,10
At work
Class of worker
Diffusion index
Discouraged workers
Earnings, hourly
Educational attainment and school enrollment
Employment by:
Age
Hispanic origin
Industry
Not
seasonally
adjusted
Quarterly averges
D-1-3,5
D-2
D-11-12,15
D-11-15
D-4
D-2
D-13-14
D-11,13,15
D-1-5
D-11-15
D-3
D-13-14
D-4,8
D-1,4
D-3
D-13-14
A-13-16,26,
29-30,32
A-30-33
A-15
D-1-2,6-7
D-11-12,16
D-10
D-2
D-18
D-11-12,
16-18
A-28,33
A-27,33
A-13-16,26,
29,32
A-29-30
A-13-16,2630,32
D-8
D-8
D-2
D-11,16-20
D-9
D-1-2,6-7
D-17
D-11-12,16
A-36
D-22-23
A-1-2; 1-2,56,12-13,15,
17-18,28,34
19-23
12-13,15-16
37
B-2,15-17;
53; 2
B-2,15,15a,
17; 39-42,
53; 2
7
3-9,14-15
4-7,11-13,18
B-1,12-13,
16-18; 1
9-13,17
3,5,7-8,1012,14,17-18
B-13; 2-18
25-26
8,12-13,32
A-1-2; B-1-2;
1-2
B-15; 19-23,
53; 2
35-36
24,33
38
A-1-2; 1-2,56,12-13,15
37
8,12-13
B-12,15-17;
52-53
1-3
3-8,24,29,31,
35
31-34
4-7,25-26,30
28,34
27,34
3,5,7-8,24-26,
30,33,35
29-31
2-8,24,27-29,
31,33,35-36
43-46
49-50
'U.S. Government Printing Office: 1994 — 301-186/00006
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Regional Office
Cooperating State Agencies
Current Employment Statistics (CES) and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Programs
BLS
Ftegion
REGION 1—BOSTON
1 Congress Street
10th Floor
Boston, MA 02114
Phone (617) 565-2327
REGION II-NEW YORK
Room 808
201 Varick Street
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Phone: (212) 337-2400
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Phone: (312)353-1880
REGION VI-DALLAS
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Phone. (214) 767-6970
REGIONS VII and V I I I KANSAS CITY
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REGIONS IX and X SAN FRANCISCO
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Phone: (415) 744-6600
Department of Industrial Relations. Room 427,
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Department of Labor, Research and Analysis
X ALASKA
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IX ARIZONA
Washington St., Phoenix 85005
VI ARKANSAS
Employment Security Department •
P.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 72203-2981
Employment Development Department, EmployIX CALIFORNIA
ment Data and Research Division, 7000
Franklin Blvd., Bldg 1100, Sacramento 95823
Department of Labor and Employment, Suite
VIII COLORADO
801, 1120 Lincoln Street, Denver 80203
I
Labor Department, Employment Security
CONNECTICUT
Division, 200 Folly Brook Blvd,
Wethersfield 06109
II! DELAWARE
Department of Labor, Office of Occupational
and Labor Market Information, P.O. Box 9029,
Newark 19714-9029
Ill DIST OF COL
Department of Employment Services, Division
of Labor Market Information and Analysis,
Room 201, 500 C St.. NW , Washington,
DC 20001
Florida Department of Labor and Employment
IV FLORIDA
Security, Bureau of Labor Market Information,
Suite 203, 2574 Seagate Dr, Tallahassee
32399-0674
Department of Labor, Labor Information
IV GEORGIA
Systems, 148 International Blvd., NE ,
Atlanta 30303
IX HAWAII
Department of Labor and Industrial Relations,
Research and Statistics Office, Room 304,
830 Punchbowl St., Honolulu 96813
Department of Employment, 317 Main St.,
X IDAHO
Base 83735
Department of Employment Security, (2 South),
V ILLINOIS
401 South State St., Chicago 60605
V INDIANA
Department of Employment and Training
Services, Statistical Services Division,
10 North Senate Avenue,
Indianapolis 46204
VII IOWA
Department of Employment Services, 1000 East
Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
VII KANSAS
Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka
Avenue, Topeka 66603
IV KENTUCKY
Department for Employment Services, Labor
Market Research and Analysis Branch,
275 East Main St.. Frankfort 40621
VI LOUISIANA
Department of Labor, Research and Statistics
Section, 1001 North 23rd St., Baton Rouge
70804-9094
I
MAINE
Department of Labor, Division of Economic
Analysis and Research, 20 Union St.,
Augusta 04330
III MARYLAND
Department of Employment and Training.
Research and Analysis Division, 1100 North
Eutaw St., Baltimore 21201
I
MASSACHUSETTS Department of Employment and Training,
Government Center, Charles F. Hurley Bldg.,
Boston 02114
V MICHIGAN
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Statistics Division, Room 516. 7310
Woodward Avenue. Detroit 48202
V MINNESOTA
Department of Jobs and Training. Research
and Statistics Division, 5th Fl, 390 North
Robert St., St. Paul 55101
IV MISSISSIPPI
Employment Security Commission, Labor
Market Information Division, P.O Box 1699,
Jackson 39215-1699
VII MISSOURI
Division of Employment Security, P.O. Box 59,
Jefferson City 65104
IV
ALABAMA
BLS
lion
Department of Labor and Industry, P.O Box
1728, Helena 59624
Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln
VII NEBRASKA
68509-4600
Employment Security Department. 500 East
IX NEVADA
3rd St.. Carson City 89713
I
NEW HAMPSHIRE Department of Employment Security, 32 South
Main St.. Concord 03301
NEW JERSEY
Department of Labor. Division of Planning and
II
Research, P.O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625
Employment Security Commission, 401 BroadVI NEW MEXICO
way, TIWA Bldg., Albuquerque 87103
II NEW YORK
Department of Labor, Division of Research and
Statistics, State Campus, Room 400, Bldg 12,
Albany 12240-0020
IV NORTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O Box 25903,
Raleigh 27611
i
VIII NORTH DAKOTA Job Service. P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58502
V OHIO
Bureau of Employment Services, Labor Market
Information Division, 1160 Dublin Rd ,
Columbus 43215
Employment Security Commission, Research
VI OKLAHOMA
and Planning Division, 2401 North Lincoln,
Oklahoma City 73105
X OREGON
Employment Division, 875 Union St., NE.,
Salem 97311
III PENNSYLVANIA
Bureau of Research and Statistics
300 Capitol Associates Building
Harrisburg, PA 17120-0034
II
Department of Labor and Human Resources,
PUERTO RICO
Bureau of Labor Statistics, 17th Fl, 505 Munoz
Rivera Avenue, Hato Rey 00918 (CES), Bureau
of Employment Security, Research and Analysis
Section, 15th Fl., 505 Munoz Rivera Avenue,
Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
RHODE ISLAND
I
Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason
St.. Providence 02903
IV SOUTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Box 995,
Columbia 29202
VIII SOUTH DAKOTA Department of Labor, Labor Market Information
Center, P.O Box 4730, Aberdeen 57401
IV TENNESSEE
Department of Employment Security. Research
and Statistics Division. 519 Cordell Hull Office
Bldg., Nashville 37219
\/l TEXAS
Employment Commission, Room 208-T, 1117
Trinity St.. Austin 78778
VIII UTAH
Department of Employment Security, Labor
Market Information Services. P.O. Box 11249,
Salt Lake City 84147
VERMONT
I
Department of Employment and Training, Office
of Policy and Public Information, P.O. Box 488.
Montpelier 05602
Employment Commission, Economic Information
III VIRGINIA
Services. P.O. Box 1358. Richmond 23211
II VIRGIN ISLANDS Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics,
53-A. 54-A&B Kronprindsens Gade Charlotte
Amalie, St Thomas 00801-3359 (CES)
Employment Security Department, Labor Market
X WASHINGTON
and Economic Analysis Branch, 605 Woodview
Dr. CXympta 98503
III WEST VIRGINIA
Department of Employment Security, Division
of Labor and Economic Security, 112 California
Avenue, Charleston 25305
V WISCONSIN
Department of Industry, Labor, and Human
Relations, Labor Market Information Bureau,
201 East Washington Avenue, Madison 53707
VIII WYOMING
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Analysis Section, P.O. Box 2760,
Casper 82602
VIII MONTANA
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