Full text of Employment and Earnings : April 1987
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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
April 1987
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
William E. Brock, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of
Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of
Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in
cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief
description of the cooperative statistical programs of the
BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory
Notes. The State agencies are listed on the inside back
cover.
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Calendar of Features
In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.
Household data
Annual averages
Union affiliation
Revised seasonally adjusted series
Jan.
Jan.
Jan., Feb.
Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons
not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin,
Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans, family
relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty
area data
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.
Establishment data
National annual averages:
Communications on material in this publication should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and Earnings,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C. 20212, or
phone: Gloria P. Green (202) 523-1959. Send correspondence on circulation and subscription matters (including address changes) to the Superintendent of
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Material in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without
permission.
Industry divisions (preliminary)
Jan.
Industry detail (final)
Mar.
Women employees (final)
Mar.
National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and new
seasonal adjustment factors
June
Revised historical national data
Supplement1
State and area annual averages
May
Area definitions
May
ISSN 0013-6840
State and area labor force data
Annual averages
The latest supplement was published in June 1986.
May
Employment and Earnings
Vol. 34 No. 4 April 1987
Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Rosalie K. Epstein
Contents
Page
List of statistical tables .
Employment and unemployment developments, March 1987
2
5
Statistical tables:
Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Quarterly averages.
Establishment data:
Employment....
Hours and earnings . . . .
State and area labor force data
10
54
76
Ill
145
Seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Quarterly averages.
Establishment data:
Employment....
Hours and earnings .
Productivity data .
Explanatory notes.
37
44
88
133
141
151
MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page
Employment Status
AAAAAAA-
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
A- 8.
A- 9.
A-10.
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1976 to date .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by
school enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin.
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age .
Employed and unemployed full-and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
Employment status of persons in families by family relationship .
7
8
9
10
13
14
15
17
18
19
Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-l 1.
A-12.
A-l3.
A-14.
A-l5.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.
Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex.
Unemployed persons by occupation and sex .
Unemployed persons by industry and s e x . . .
....
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
....
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment.
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment.
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods u s e d . . .
...
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used .
20
21
22
23
24
24
25
26
27
27
Characteristics of the Employed
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.
Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex.
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age .
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex..
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker .
Employed civilians by industry and occupation
...
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status .
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class pf worker and full- or part-time
status..
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status .
28
29
30
31
32
32
33
33
34
35
36
Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.
Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed
in the United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
....
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age,
seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age,
and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted .
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted .
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted...
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted.
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted.
37
38
39
40
41
41
42
42
43
43
QUARTERLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page
Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-42.
A-43.
A-44.
A-45.
A-46.
A-47.
A-48.
A-49.
A-50.
A-51.
A-52.
Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed in the
United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and Hispanic origin,
seasonally adjusted
Employed and unemployed full-and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted .
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted . . .
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted .
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted .
44
45
46
48
49
50
50
51
51
52
52
Persons Not in the Labor Force
A-53.
A-54.
A-55.
A-56.
A-57.
Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and race, seasonally adjusted .
Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and age
Persons not in the labor force by reason, race, Hispanic origin, age, and sex
Persons not in the labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by reason, sex,
age, race, and Hispanic origin
Work-seeking intentions of persons not in the labor force and work history of those who intend to
seek work within the next 12 months by sex, age, and race.
53
54
55
56
57
Race and Hispanic Origin Data
A-58.
A-59.
A-60.
A-61.
A-62.
A-63.
A-64.
A-65.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by sex and age
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin .
Employed civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and
economic categories
Employed civilians by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin . .
Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin .
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin .
58
59
60
61
62
62
63
63
Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans Data
A-66.
A-67.
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin
64
64
Family Relationship and Weekly Earnings Data
A-68.
A-69.
A-70.
A-71.
A-72.
A-73.
A-74.
A-75.
Unemployment in families by type of family, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Unemployed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Employed civilians by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of additional
employed family members
Median weekly earnings of families by type of family, number of earners, race, and Hispanic origin .
Families with unemployed members and wage and salary workers by type of family and median
weekly earnings
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics .
Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics.
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex .
65
66
67
68
69
70
7j
72
Metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and Poverty-nonpoverty Area Data
A-76,
A-77.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan,
urban, and rural areas by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race
and Hispanic origin.
73
74
MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Page
Employment—National
BBBB-
1.
2.
3.
4.
B- 5.
B- 6.
B- 7.
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1935 to date .
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group .
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
...
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted .
..
...
....
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
....
............
Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased, seasonally adjusted.
75
76
87
88
89
90
91
Employment—States and Areas
B- 8.
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
92
Hours and Earnings—National
C- 1.
C- 2.
C- 2a.
C- 3.
C- 4.
C- 5.
C- 6.
C- 7.
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
..........
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by detailed industry
Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing . . .
....
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagriculturai
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted .
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted .
The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or
nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted .
\\\
\ 14
J3Q
13J
^2
^33
^4
135
Hours and Earnings—States and Areas
C- 8.
Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and
selected areas .
136
PRODUCTIVITY DATA
C- 9.
C-10.
C-ll.
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry,
seasonally adjusted
...
....
.. . . .
................
Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted . . .
Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates .
141
142
143
MONTHLY STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
D- 1.
Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas .
145
Employment and Unemployment
Developments, March 1987
The number of jobs on nonfarm payrolls rose slightly in
March, and unemployment was about unchanged. The
overall unemployment rate was 6.5 percent and the civilian
rate was 6.6 percent; these rates had been 6.6 and 6.7 percent, respectively, for 3 consecutive months.
Nonagricultural payroll employment—as measured by the
survey of business establishments—edged up by 165,000 in
March, following several months of more substantial increases. Civilian employment—as measured through the
household survey—was unchanged in March, after also
showing large increases in recent months.
65.4 percent. Over the year, the labor force has risen by 2.0
million.
Discouraged workers
In the first quarter of 1987, there were 1.2 million
discouraged workers—persons who wanted to work but had
not looked for jobs because they believed that they could not
find work. The number of discouraged workers has fluctuated
between 1.1 and 1.3 million for the past 3 years. Blacks and
women continued to be disproportionately represented among
the discouraged. (See table A-53.)
Unemployment
Industry payroll employment
Both the number of unemployed persons— 7.9 million in
March—and the civilian worker unemployment rate—6.6
percent—were little changed from their February marks, after
seasonal adjustment. Likewise, jobless rates for most of the
major labor force groups showed little or no over-the-month
change. March's unemployment rates for adult men (5.8 percent), adult women (5.8 percent), teenagers (18.1 percent),
whites (5.6 percent), blacks (13.9 percent), and Hispanics
(9.0 percent) were either the same or little different from
February. Jobless rates have declined, however, for most
of these groups over the past year. (See tables A-33 and
A-34.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic
reasons—sometimes referred to as the partially
unemployed—decreased by 325,000 in March to 5.5 million,
following a rise of a similar magnitude in February. (See
table A-35.)
Civilian employment and the labor force
Civilian employment, at 111.4 million in March, was unchanged after seasonal adjustment. There were no substantive over-the-month changes among any of the major
demographic groups. At 61.1 percent, the proportion of the
civilian population with jobs edged down 0.1 percentage point
from its record high of the prior month. Over the past 12
months, civilian employment has risen by 2.6 million. About
half of the increase has occurred within the managerial and
professional occupations, and one-fifth has taken place in
sales and administrative support occupations. (See tables
A-33, A-34, and A-22.)
The civilian labor force was also unchanged over the
month, and the labor force participation rate edged down to
Total nonagricultural employment rose by 165,000 in
March, a modest increase compared to those of the prior 6
months. Virtually all of the over-the-month employment gain
occurred in the service-producing industries. (See table B-4.)
The services industry continued its strong expansion, with
a 75,000 increase in jobs, two-thirds of which occurred in
business and health services. Employment growth also continued in finance, insurance, and real estate. In retail trade,
where there had been strong increases in the prior 2 months
(after seasonal adjustment), there was a relatively small
employment gain in March.
In the goods-producing sector, manufacturing employment
edged down by 25,000. At 19.2 million, factory employment was about the same in March as it was at the end of
1986. Much of the over-the-month decline was concentrated
in motor vehicles and in electrical and electronic equipment;
each has lost about 30,000 jobs over the past year. Construction employment was down about 45,000, seasonally adjusted, but was still 50,000 above its year-end level. Mining
employment changed little over the month, and has experienced little further erosion since the rapid job losses that
occurred in its oil and gas extraction component during the
first 9 months of 1986.
Weekly hours
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls was down 0.2
hour to 34.8 hours, seasonally adjusted, the same as the
January level. The manufacturing workweek also reversed
its increase of the prior month with a decline of 0.3 hour to
40.9, still quite high by historical standards. (See table C-5.)
5
Due to the drop in hours, the index of aggregate weekly hours
of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls was down 0.4 percent to 120.4
(1977 = 100), seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing index
fell by 0.8 percent to 93.8, reflecting both the decline in hours
and in employment. (See table C-6.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings rose 0.3 percent in March after
allowance for seasonally, while weekly earnings decreased
0.2 percent. Before seasonal adjustment, hourly earnings increased by 1 cent to $8.90, and weekly earnings were up
by $1.23 to $307.94. Over the year, hourly earnings rose
by 17 cents and weekly earnings were up $5.01. (See tables
C-l and C-7.)
The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEi) was 171.8 (1977 = 100)
in March, seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.3 percent
from February. For the 12 months ended in March, the increase was 2.0 percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two
types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate
movements—fluctuations in manufacturing overtime and interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI increased 0.1 percent during the
12-month period ended in February. (See table C-7.)
Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month
April
May
June
Release date
May 8
June 5
July 2
Reference month
July
August
September
Release date
August 7
September 4
October 2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Year
and
month
Noninstitutional
population
Unemployed
Employed
Number
Percent
of
population
Total
Resident
Armed
Forces
Civilian
Total
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
Annual averages
19531
1954
1955..
1956 ..
1957 ..
1958 ..
1959
109,287
110,463
111,747
112,919
114,213
115,574
117,117
65,246
65,785
67,087
68,517
68,877
69,486
70,157
59.7
59.6
60.0
60.7
60.3
60.1
59.9
63,410
62,251
64,234
65,764
66,019
64,883
66,418
2,231
2,142
2,064
1,965
1,948
1,847
1,788
61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630
6,260
6,205
6,450
6,283
5,947
5.586
5,565
54,919
53,904
55,722
57,514
58,123
57,450
59,065
1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740
2.8
5.4
4.3
4.0
4.2
6.6
5.3
44,041
44,678
44,660
44,402
45,336
46,088
46,960
I960 1
1961
19621 .
1963
1964
1965
1966 ..
1967 ..
1968 ..
1969 ..
119,106
120,671
122,214
124,422
126,503
128,459
130,180
132,092
134,281
136,573
71,489
72,359
72,675
73,839
75,109
76,401
77,892
79,565
80,990
82,972
60.0
60.0
59.5
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.8
60.2
60.3
60.8
67,639
67,646
68,763
69,768
71,323
73,034
75,017
76,590
78,173
80,140
1,861
1,900
2,061
2,006
2,018
1,946
2,122
2,218
2,253
2,238
65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69.305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902
5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606
60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296
3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832
5.4
6.5
5.4
5.5
5.0
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.4
47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602
1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979
139,203
142,189
145,939
148,870
151,841
154,831
157,818
160,689
163,541
166,460
84,889
86,355
88,847
91,203
93,670
95,453
97,826
100,665
103,882
106,559
61.0
60.7
60.9
61.3
61.7
61.6
62.0
62.6
63.5
64.0
80,796
81,340
83,966
86,838
88,515
87,524
90,420
93,673
97,679
100,421
2,118
1,973
1,813
1,774
1,721
1,678
1,668
1,656
1,631
1,597
78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824
3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347
75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477
4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137
4.8
5.8
5.5
4.8
5.5
8.3
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8
54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
169,349
171,775
173,939
175,891
178,080
179,912
182,293
108,544
110,315
111,872
113,226
115,241
117,167
119,540
64.1
64.2
64.3
64.4
64.7
65.1
65.6
100,907
102,042
101,194
102,510
106,702
108,856
111,303
1,604
1,645
1,668
1,676
1,697
1,706
1,706
99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434
7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7.0
7.5
9.5
9.5
7.4
7.1
6.9
60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
i
1986:
March
April
May
June
July
August
September .
October
November ..
December ..
181,678
181,843
181,998
182,183
182,354
182,525
182,713
182,935
183,114
183,297
118,880
118,987
119,274
119,685
119,789
119,821
119,988
120,163
120,426
120,336
65.4
65.4
65.5
65.7
65.7
65.6
65.7
65.7
65.8
65.7
110,500
110,664
110,852
111,293
111,559
111,764
111,703
111,941
112,183
112,387
1,693
1,695
1,687
1,680
1,672
1,697
1,716
1,749
1,751
1,750
108,807
108,969
109,165
109,613
109,887
110,067
109,987
110,192
110,432
110,637
3,252
3,199
3,151
3,164
3,124
3,057
3,142
3,162
3,215
3,161
105,555
105,770
106,014
106,449
106,763
107,010
106,845
107,030
107,217
107,476
8,380
8,323
8,422
8,392
8,230
8,057
8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949
7.0
7.0
7.1
7.0
6.9
6.7
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6
62,798
62,856
62,724
62,498
62,565
62,704
62,725
62,772
62,688
62,961
1987:
January
February
March
183,575
183,738
183,915
120,782
121,089
120,958
65.8
65.9
65.8
112,759
113,122
113,104
1,748
1,740
1,736
111,011
111,382
111,368
3,145
3,236
3,284
107,866
108,146
108,084
8,023
7,967
7,854
6.6
6.6
6.5
62,793
62,649
62,957
1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation.
NOTE: Revisions of seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data
(shown in tables A-1 through A-3 and A-32 through A-53 of this
publication) for the most recent 5-year period are made at the end of
each calendar year.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1976 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Noninstitutional
population
and month
Unemployed
Employed
Number
Percent
of
population
Total
Resident
Armed
Forces
Civilian
Total
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
Annual averages
MEN
1976 ..
1977...
19781 .
1979 ..
75,341
76,756
78,107
79,509
58,756
59,959
61,151
62,215
78.0
78.1
78.3
78.2
54,720
56,291
58,010
59,096
1,582
1,563
1,531
1,489
53,138
54,728
56,479
57,607
2,744
2,671
2,718
2,686
50,394
52,057
53,761
54,921
4,036
3,667
3,142
3,120
6.9
6.1
5.1
5.0
16,585
16,797
16,956
17,293
1980
1981 ..
1982
1983 ..
1984 ..
1985
19861
80,877
82,023
83,052
84,064
85,156
86,025
87,349
62,932
63,486
63,979
64,580
65,386
65,967
66,973
77.8
77.4
77.0
76.8
76.8
76.7
76.7
58,665
58,909
57,800
58,320
60,642
61,447
62,443
1,479
1,512
1,529
1,533
1,551
1,556
1,551
57,186
57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892
2,709
2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511
54,477
54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381
4,267
4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530
6.8
7.2
9.7
9.7
7.3
6.9
6.8
17,945
18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
March ..
April ..
May
June ..
July
August
September
October
November
December ..
1987:
January ...
February
March
...
...
87,035
87,120
87,195
87,288
87,373
87,460
87,556
87,682
87,773
87,868
66,793
66,770
66,854
66,937
66,968
66,911
67,128
67,130
67,407
67,425
76.7
76.6
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.5
76.7
76.6
76.8
76.7
62,221
62,253
62,201
62,318
62,402
62,483
62,528
62,565
62,833
62,986
1,540
1,541
1,533
1,525
1,518
1,541
1,560
1,590
1,592
1,593
60,681
60,712
60,668
60,793
60,884
60,942
60,968
60,975
61,241
61,393
2,621
2,572
2,510
2,541
2,486
2,397
2,495
2,513
2,506
2,489
58,060
58,140
58,158
58,252
58,398
58,545
58,473
58,462
58,735
58,904
4,572
4,517
4,653
4,619
4,566
4,428
4,600
4,565
4,574
4,439
6.8
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.8
6.6
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6
20,242
20,350
20,341
20,351
20,405
20,549
20,428
20,552
20,366
20,443
88,020
88,099
88,186
67,672
67,764
67,644
76.9
76.9
76.7
63,187
63,335
63,282
1,591
1,584
1,575
61,596
61,751
61,707
2,474
2,544
2,639
59,123
59,207
59,068
4,484
4,429
4,362
6.6
6.5
6.4
20,348
20,335
20,542
Annual averages
WOMEN
1976
1977 ...
19781 .
1979..
...
1980..
1981 ..
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
82,476
83,932
85,434
86,951
39,069
40,705
42,731
44,343
47.4
48.5
50.0
51.0
35,701
37,381
39,669
41,325
86
92
100
108
35,615
37,289
39,569
41,217
588
612
669
661
35,027
36,677
38,900
40,556
3,369
3,324
3,061
3,018
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8
43,406
43,227
42,703
42,608
88,472
89,751
90,887
91,827
92,924
93,886
94,944
45,611
46,829
47,894
48,646
49,855
51,200
52,568
51.6
52.2
52.7
53.0
53.7
54.5
55.4
42,241
43,133
43,395
44,190
46,061
47,409
48,861
124
133
139
143
146
150
155
42,117
43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706
656
667
665
680
653
644
652
41,461
42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054
3,370
3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707
7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
42,861
42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
March
April
May....
June ..
July
August
September..
October
November ..
December ..
1987:
January ....
February
March
....
....
94,643
94,723
94,803
94,895
94,981
95,065
95,156
95,253
95,341
95,429
52,087
52,217
52,420
52,748
52,821
52,910
52,860
53,033
53,019
52,911
55.0
55.1
55.3
55.6
55.6
55.7
55.6
55.7
55.6
55.4
48,279
48,411
48,651
48,975
49,157
49,281
49,175
49,376
49,350
49,401
153
154
154
155
154
156
156
159
159
157
48,126
48,257
48,497
48,820
49,003
49,125
49,019
49,217
49,191
49,244
631
627
641
623
638
660
647
649
709
672
47,495
47,630
47,856
48,197
48,365
48,465
48,372
48,568
48,482
48,572
3,808
3,806
3,769
3,773
3,664
3,629
3,685
3,657
3,669
3,510
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.2
6.9
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.6
42,556
42,506
42,383
42,147
42,160
42,155
42,296
42,220
42,322
42,518
95,556
95,639
95,729
53,110
53,325
53,314
55.6
55.8
55.7
49,572
49,787
49,822
157
156
161
49,415
49,631
49,661
671
692
645
48,744
48,939
49,016
3,538
3,538
3,492
6.7
6.6
6.6
42,446
42,314
42,415
1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-3.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Year
and
month
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Unemployment rates
Civilian labor force
Total
Percent of
population
Employed
Unemployed
Total
Men
Women
Annual averages
19531
...
1954 ..
1955
1956
1957..
1958..
1959
107,056
108,321
109,683
110,954
112,265
113,727
115,329
63,015
63,643
65,023
66,552
66,929
67,639
68,369
58.9
58.8
59.3
60.0
59.6
59.5
59.3
61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630
1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740
2.9
5.5
4.4
4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5
2.8
5.3
4.2
3.8
4.1
6.8
5.2
3.3
6.0
4.9
4.8
4.7
6.8
5.9
I9601
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335
69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734
59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1
65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902
3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832
5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5
5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8
5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7
137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863
82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962
60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7
78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824
4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137
4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8
4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1
5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8
167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9
7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
...
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970.. ..
1971 ...
19721 .
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979
...
1980
1981
1982
1983..
1984
1985... .
19861
8,539
8,312
8,237
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
March
April .. ..
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November
December
179,985
180,148
180,311
180,503
180,682
180,828
180,997
181,186
181,363
181,547
117,187
117,292
117,587
118,005
118,117
118,124
118,272
118,414
118,675
118,586
65.1
65.1
65.2
65.4
65.4
65.3
65.3
65.4
65.4
65.3
108,807
108,969
109,165
109,613
109,887
110,067
109,987
110,192
110,432
110,637
8,380
8,323
8,422
8,392
8,230
8,057
8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949
7.2
7.1
7.2
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7
7.0
6.9
7.1
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.7
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.2
7.0
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7
1987:
January ....
February .
March
181,827
181,998
182,179
119,034
119,349
119,222
65.5
65.6
65.4
111,011
111,382
111,368
8,023
7,967
7,854
6.7
6.7
6.6
6.8
6.7
6.6
6.7
6.7
6.6
1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
February
March 1987
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
Not in labor force
Unemployed
noninsti"
tutional
population
Total
182,179
14,555
7,464
7,091
19,150
98,621
42,208
21,467
20,740
33,417
18,459
14,958
22,995
12,152
10,843
21,904
11,094
10,809
27,950
9,677
7,547
10,726
Going
to
school
Unable
to
work
Percent
of
population
Employed
118,353
7,287
3,008
4,279
14,821
81,320
35,025
17,907
17,119
28,200
15,624
12,576
18,095
9,868
8,228
11,846
7,138
4,708
3,080
1,872
762
446
65.0
50.1
40.3
60.3
77.4
82.5
83.0
83.4
82.5
84.4
84.6
84.1
78.7
81.2
75.9
54.1
64.3
43.6
11.0
19.3
10.1
4.2
110,229
5,946
2,375
3,572
13,254
76,675
32,677
16,580
16,096
26,725
14,726
11,999
17,274
9,457
7,817
11,371
6,856
4,515
2,983
1,801
742
439
8,124
1,341
633
707
1,568
4,644
2,348
1,327
1,023
1,475
898
577
822
411
411
475
282
193
97
69
21
6
6.9
18.4
21.1
16.5
10.6
5.7
6.7
7.4
6.0
5.2
5.7
4.6
4.5
4.2
5.0
4.0
3.9
4.1
3.1
3.7
2.8
1.3
63,826
7,268
4,457
2,812
4,329
17,302
7,183
3,561
3,622
5,218
2,835
2,382
4,900
2,285
2,615
10,058
3,957
6,101
24,870
7,805
6,785
10,279
28,744
403
88
315
1,579
12,207
5,114
2,393
2,722
3,741
2,058
1,681
3,352
1,580
1,772
5,236
2,337
2,900
9,319
3,041
2,629
3,649
9,473
6,332
4,164
2,168
1,928
1,187
786
512
274
291
195
96
110
84
25
18
14
4
8
6
1
1
3,027
31
4
28
85
1,049
292
131
161
354
156
198
403
173
230
735
335
400
1,127
257
231
640
22,582
502
201
301
737
2,858
991
527
464
832
423
408
1,035
448
588
4,068
1,271
2,797
14,415
4,501
3,925
5,989
86,611
7,308
3,794
3,514
9,291
48,156
20,724
10,530
10,193
16,310
9,032
7,278
11,122
5,892
5,230
10,303
> 5,271
5,032
11,554
4,376
3,229
3,949
65,409
3,716
1,510
2,206
7,749
45,095
19,509
9,829
9,680
15,427
8,579
6,848
10,160
5,473
4,687
6,988
4,198
2,790
1,861
1,111
481
269
75.5
50.8
39.8
62.8
83.4
93.6
94.1
93.3
95.0
94.6
95.0
94.1
91.3
92.9
89.6
67.8
79.6
55.5
16.1
25.4
14.9
6.8
60,716
2,964
1,177
1,787
6,878
42,394
18,168
9,081
9,086
14,597
8,070
6,527
9,629
5,229
4,400
6,685
4,007
2,678
1,796
1,069
463
263
4,693
752
332
419
872
2,701
1,341
748
594
830
509
321
530
244
287
303
191
113
65
41
19
5
7.2
20.2
22.0
19.0
11.2
6.0
6.9
7.6
6.1
5.4
5.9
4.7
5.2
4.5
6.1
4.3
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.7
4.0
2.0
21,202
3,592
2,285
1,308
1,542.
3,061
1,215
701
513
883
453
430
963
420
543
3,314
1,073
2,241
9,693
3,265
2,748
3,680
520
18
11
7
32
181
65
33
33
54
35
19
62
27
35
92
41
51
197
62
36
99
4,891
3,311
2,172
1,139
1,042
534
395
282
113
97
66
31
42
29
13
5
3
2
1,692
14
2
12
64
698
200
80
120
229
102
127
269
117
152
480
219
260
437
149
97
192
14,098
249
99
150
405
1,647
554
307
247
503
249
254
590
247
343
2,738
810
1,928
9,059
3,054
2,615
3,390
95,568
7,247
3,670
3,577
9,859
50,465
21,485
10,937
10,547
17,107
9,427
7,680
11,873
6,260
5,613
11,601
5,823
5,778
16,396
5,301
4,318
6,777
52,945
3,571
1,498
2,073
7,072
36,225
15,516
8,078
7,439
12,773
7,045
5,728
7,935
4,395
3,541
4,858
2,940
1,918
1,219
761
281
177
55.4
49.3
40.8
58.0
71.7
71.8
72.2
73.9
70.5
74.7
74.7
74.6
66.8
70.2
63.1
41.9
50.5
33.2
7.4
14.4
6.5
2.6
49,513
2,982
1,197
1,785
6,376
34,281
14,509
7,499
7,010
12,128
6,656
5,472
7,644
4,228
3,417
4,686
2,849
1,837
1,188
732
279
176
3,432
589
301
288
696
1,943
1,007
579
429
645
389
256
291
167
124
172
91
81
32
28
2
6.5
16.5
20.1
13.9
9.8
5.4
6.5
7.2
5.8
5.0
5.5
4.5
3.7
3.8
3.5
3.5
3.1
4.2
2.6
3.7
.7
.8
42,624
3,676
2,172
1,504
2,787
14,241
5,968
2,860
3,109
4,334
2,382
1,952
3,938
1,865
2,072
6,743
2,883
3,860
15,177
4,540
4,037
6,599
28,223
384
76
308
1,547
12,026
5,048
2,360
2,689
3,687
2,025
1,662
3,290
1,553
1,737
5,144
2,295
2,849
9,122
2,979
2,593
3,550
4,582
3,021
1,992
1,029
887
653
391
230
161
194
129
65
68
55
12
14
11
2
8
6
1
1
1,335
17
2
15
21
351
92
51
41
125
54
71
134
56
78
255
116
140
690
108
134
448
8,483
253
102
151
333
1,211
437
220
217
329
174
154
446
201
245
1,330
461
869
5,356
1,447
1,310
2,599
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL
Keeping
house
Other
reasons
TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years ...
20 to 24 years ..
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years ..
30 to 34 years ..
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years ..
40 to 44 years ..
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years ..
50 to 54 years ..
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years ...
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
.
65 to 69 years ...
70 to 74 years
75 years and over .,
...
.
.
.
.
...
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years ...
;
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
...
...
35 to 39 years ...40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
........
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years .
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years ..
55 to 64 vears
55 to 59 vears
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
10
...
1
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
February
March 1987
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
Not in labor force
Unemployed
Percent
of
population
Employed
102,137
6,367
2,661
3,706
12,664
69,833
29,775
15,233
14,543
24,375
13,394
10,981
15,684
8,515
7,169
10,463
6,284
4,179
2,809
1,697
694
418
65.2
53.3
43.5
63.7
79.3
83.0
83.7
84.5
82.9
84.7
84.9
84.5
79.1
81.6
76.4
54.2
64.6
43.6
11.2
19.6
10.2
4.3
96,032
5,343
2,160
3,183
11,595
66,287
28,027
14,244
13,783
23,232
12,707
10,526
15,026
8,187
6,842
10,079
6,054
4,025
2,728
1,635
679
412
6,105
1,024
501
523
1,069
3,546
1,748
988
760
1,143
688
455
656
329
327
384
230
154
82
61
15
6
74,984
6,014
3,128
2,885
7,818
41,602
17,704
8,953
8,751
14,202
7,810
6,393
9,696
5,123
4,572
9,133
4,657
4,476
10,418
3,938
2,914
3,566
57,185
3,249
1,341
1,909
6,672
39,324
16,845
8,459
8,386
13,549
7,477
6,072
8,931
4,814
4,117
6,228
3,732
2,496
1,711
1,020
435
256
76.3
54.0
42.9
66.2
85.3
94.5
95.1
94.5
95.8
95.4
95.7
95.0
92.1
94.0
90.0
68.2
80.1
55.8
16.4
25.9
14.9
7.2
53,508
2,658
1,071
1,586
6,047
37,164
15,788
7,859
S
) 7,929
12,888
7,070
5,818
8,488
4,607
3,882
5,982
3,571
2,411
1,656
982
422
251
81,577
5,924
2,989
2,934
8,162
42,563
17,871
9,075
8,796
14,571
7,964
6,607
10,121
5,315
4,806
10,184
5,067
5,117
14,744
4,708
3,874
6,163
44,952
3,117
1,320
1,797
5,992
30,509
12,930
6,774
6,157
10,826
5,917
4,909
6,753
3,701
3,052
4,235
2,552
1,683
1,098
677
259
162
55.1
52.6
44.2
61.2
73.4
71.7
72.4
74.6
70.0
74.3
74.3
74.3
66.7
69.6
63.5
41.6
50.4
32.9
7.4
14.4
6.7
2.6
42,525
2,685
1,088
1,597
5,548
29,123
12,240
6,385
5,854
10,344
5,637
4,708
6,540
3,580
2,960
4,097
2,483
1,614
1,072
653
257
161
tutional
population
Total
156,561
11,937
6,117
5,820
15,980
84,165
35,575
18,028
17,547
28,774
15,774
13,000
19,817
10,438
9,378
19,317
9,724
9,593
25,162
8,646
6,788
9,729
Other
reasons
7,284
4,865
3,223
1,642
1,490
904
606
399
208
207
127
79
90
70
21
17
13
4
8
6
1
1
2,358
28
4
24
47
769
210
88
121
276
127
149
282
116
166
582
274
308
933
199
188
547
19,657
356
152
204
522
2,202
688
339
349
642
324
319
871
354
517
3,603
1,122
2,481
12,975
4,028
3,537
5,409
394
13
8
5
20
116
37
18
19
39
26
13
41
20
21
71
29
42
172
55
29
88
3,743
2,560
1,705
855
795
384
297
227
71
56
36
20
30
20
11
4
2
2
1,322
14
2
12
35
527
149
59
90
180
81
99
197
79
118
390
180
210
357
117
77
163
12,340
176
73
104
295
1,251
376
191
185
378
190
188
497
191
306
2,440
714
1,726
8,178
2,745
2,374
3,059
24,731
308
69
238
1,236
10,343
4,259
1,953
2,306
3,234
1,775
1,459
2,849
1,364
1,486
4,581
2,002
2,579
8,265
2,659
2,339
3,266
3,541
2,305
1,518
787
695
520
309
172
137
151
91
59
60
50
10
13
11
2
8
6
1
1
1,036
14
2
12
12
242
60
29
31
96
46
50
85
37
48
192
93
99
577
82
111
384
7,317
180
80
100
227
951
312
148
164
264
134
131
374
163
211
1,163
408
755
4,797
1,283
1,163
2,350
Keeping
house
6.0
16.1
18.8
14.1
8.4
5.1
5.9
6.5
5.2
4.7
8.4
4.1
4.2
3.9
4.6
3.7
3.7
3.7
2.9
3.6
2.2
1.4
54,424
5,570
3,456
2,114
3,315
14,331
5,800
2,797
3,004
4,399
2,380
2,019
4,133
1,923
2,211
8,854
3,440
5,414
22,353
6,948
6,093
9,311
25,125
321
17
244
1,256
10,459
4,296
1,971
2,325
3,273
1,787
1,476
2,890
1,373
1,537
4,652
2,031
2,621
8,437
2,714
2,368
3,354
3,678
592
269
322
624
2,160
1,057
600
458
661
407
254
443
208
235
246
161
85
55
38
13
5
6.4
18.2
20.1
16.9
9.4
5.5
6.3
7.1
5.5
4.9
5.4
4.2
5.0
4.3
5.7
3.9
4.3
3.4
3.2
3.7
3.0
2.1
17,799
2,764
1,788
977
1,146
2,277
860
495
365
653
333
320
765
309
456
2,905
925
1,980
8,706
2,917
2,479
3,310
2,427
432
232
200
444
1,386
691
388
302
482
281
201
213
121
92
139
69
69
26
23
2
5.4
13.9
17.6
11.1
7.4
4.5
5.3
5.7
4.9
4.5
4.7
4.1
3.2
3.3
3.0
3.3
2.7
4.1
2.4
3.4
.8
.4
36,625
2,806
1,669
1,137
2,170
12,054
4,941
2,302
2,639
3,745
2,047
1,699
3,368
1,614
1,755
5,949
2,515
3,434
13,646
4,031
3,614
6,001
Number
Going
to
school
Unable
to
work
TOTAL
Percent
of
labor
force
WHITE
16 years and over ..
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years...
18 to 19 years ...
20 to 24 years ..
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years ..
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years ..
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years ...
50 to 54 years ..
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years ...
70 to 74 years
75 years and over ..
...
...
...
...
...
...
Men
16 years and over ..
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ...
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years ..
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years ..
30 to 34 years ..
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years ..
40 to 44 years ..
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years ..
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years ...
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ..
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
. ...
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years . . . .
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over .
....
.........
......
........
1
11
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
February
March 1987
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Not in labor force
Unemployed
Total
Percent
of
population
Employed
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL
Keeping
house
Going
to
school
Unable
to
work
Other
reasons
602
3
2,457
139
46
92
199
558
257
157
100
161
82
79
140
78
62
366
120
246
1,195
387
808
BLACK
16 years and over ..
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years ..
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years ..
30 to 34 years ..
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years ...
40 to 44 years ..
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years ..
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ..
65 to 69 years
70 years and over ..
...
...
20,249
2,155
1,115
1,040
2,595
11,069
5,107
2,651
2,457
3,518
2,026
1,491
2,444
1,293
1,152
2,093
1,098
994
2,337
852
1,485
12,687
768
283
485
1,773
8,822
4,090
2,080
2,009
2,902
1,706
1,196
1,830
1,018
811
1,105
676
428
220
139
81
62.7
35.6
25.4
46.6
68.3
79.7
80.1
78.5
81.8
82.5
84.2
80.2
74.9
78.7
70.4
52.8
61.6
43.1
9.4
16.3
5.5
10,927
481
162
319
1,320
7,887
3,578
1,797
1,781
2,618
1,517
1,100
1,691
953
738
1,033
641
392
206
131
75
1,760
287
121
166
453
935
511
283
228
284
189
95
139
65
73
71
35
36
14
7
6
13.9
37.4
42.8
34.2
25.6
10.6
12.5
13.6
11.3
9.8
11.1
7.9
7.6
6.4
9.0
6.5
5.2
8.4
6.1
5.0
7.4
7,561
1,387
832
555
822
2,247
1,017
570
448
616
321
295
614
273
340
988
422
566
2,117
713
1,404
2,887
73
9
63
292
1,297
596
316
280
343
176
167
358
143
215
486
246
239
739
272
467
1,615
1,172
776
396
297
146
92
59
33
43
35
8
11
8
3
9,080
1,060
562
499
1,182
4,955
2,304
1,197
1,108
1,566
902
663
1,085
574
511
942
497
444
941
370
571
6,335
387
139
248
880
4,355
2,042
1,046
996
1,387
814
573
924
491
433
593
368
225
122
73
49
69.8
36.5
24.7
49.8
74.4
87.9
88.6
87.4
89.9
88.6
90.3
86.4
85.2
85.6
84.7
63.0
74.1
50.7
12.9
19.8
8.5
5,480
244
80
164
662
3,916
1,810
928
881
1|25O
727
523
856
464
392
546
345
201
113
70
43
855
142
59
84
218
439
233
118
115
137
87
49
69
27
41
48
23
24
9
3
6
13.5
36.8
42.3
33.8
24.8
10.1
11.4
11.3
11.5
9.9
10.7
8.6
7.4
5.6
9.5
8.0
6.3
10.8
7.4
107
4
3
10
56
26
14
13
11
7
4
19
7
12
17
11
6
20
7
13
827
599
392
207
164
64
40
22
18
18
12
6
6
4
2
0
(1)
2,744
673
423
250
303
601
262
150
112
178
88
90
161
82
78
348
129
219
819
297
522
11,169
1,095
553
541
1,413
6,114
2,803
1,454
1,349
1,952
1,124
828
1,359
719
641
1,151
602
550
1,396
482
914
6,352
381
144
237
894
4,467
2,047
1,034
1,013
1,515
892
623
905
527
378
511
309
203
98
66
32
56.9
34.8
26.0
43.8
63.2
73.1
73.0
71.1
75.1
77.6
79.3
75.3
66.6
73.4
59.1
44.4
51.3
36.9
7.0
13.6
3.5
5,447
236
82
155
658
3,971
1,769
869
900
1,368
790
577
835
489
346
488
297
191
94
61
32
905
145
62
82
235
496
278
165
113
147
102
46
71
38
32
24
12
12
5
4
14.2
38.0
43.4
34.7
26.3
11.1
13.6
16.0
11.2
9.7
11.4
7.3
7.8
7.3
8.5
4.7
3.9
5.8
4.6
(1)
(1)
4,817
714
409
304
519
1,646
755
420
336
437
233
205
454
191
262
640
293
347
1,298
416
882
2,780
69
6
63
282
1,241
570
302
267
332
169
163
339
136
203
469
236
233
719
265
454
788
573
384
189
133
82
52
37
15
25
23
2
5
4
1
3
33
247
72
39
33
69
27
41
106
45
61
136
55
81
183
54
128
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years ..
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
...30 to 34 years ..
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
.
.
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over .
...
.
.
.
330
-
25
146
43
18
24
44
20
23
59
28
32
82
37
46
77
31
45
1,481
70
26
43
103
336
153
97
56
106
49
57
77
44
33
249
82
167
723
259
464
Women
16 years and over ..
16 to 19 years
. . . . . . .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years ..,
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
......
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years ...
. . .
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years ..
50 to 54 years . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years . .
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
...
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over
.
.
.
.
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
12
272
3
3
8
101
29
21
9
25
7
18
47
17
29
54
19
35
106
23
83
977
69
20
49
96
222
104
60
44
55
33
22
63
34
29
117
39
79
472
128
344
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
February
March 1987
Civilian labor force
Age and sex
Civilian
Unemployed
Employed
Percent
of
population
tutional
population
Total
25,618
2,618
1,347
1,271
3,171
14,456
6,633
3,439
3,194
4,644
2,686
1,958
3,178
1,714
1,465
2,587
1,371
1,216
2,788
1,031
759
997
16,216
920
347
573
2,157
11,486
5,250
2,674
1,367
3,824
2,230
1,595
2,411
1,351
1,059
1,383
854
529
271
174
68
28
63.3
35.1
25.7
45.1
68.0
79.5
79.2
77.8
42.8
82.4
83.0
81.5
75.9
78.8
72.3
53.5
62.3
43.5
9.7
16.9
9.0
2.8
14,197
603
215
388
1,659
10,388
4,650
2,336
2,314
3,492
2,020
1,473
2,246
1,270
976
1,292
802
489
256
166
63
27
174
3
1
3
16
96
41
19
21
34
18
15
21
4
18
44
24
20
16
2
10
4
14,022
600
214
386
1,642
10,292
4,609
2,317
2,291
3,459
2,001
1,458
2,225
1,267
958
1,248
778
470
240
164
53
23
2,019
317
132
185
499
1,098
601
338
262
332
210
122
166
82
84
91
52
39
15
9
5
11,627
1,294
666
628
1,473
6,554
3,019
1,577
1,442
2,108
1,223
885
1,427
769
658
1,169
614
555
1,136
438
315
383
8,223
466
169
297
1,077
5,771
2,664
1,370
1,294
1,878
1,102
776
1,229
658
570
760
466
294
149
90
47
12
70.7
36.0
25.4
47.3
73.1
88.1
88.2
86.9
89.7
89.1
90.1
87.6
86.1
85.6
86.7
65.0
75.9
53.0
13.1
20.6
14.9
3.1
7,208
306
106
200
830
5,230
2,380
1,222
1,158
1,709
1,000
709
1,141
622
519
702
436
266
140
87
41
12
142
3
1
3
15
73
32
14
17
25
12
13
16
3
14
37
18
19
15
2
9
4
7,066
303
105
198
816
5,157
2,348
1,208
1,140
1,684
988
696
1,125
620
505
665
418
248
125
85
32
8
1,015
160
63
97
247
541
284
148
136
169
102
67
88
36
52
58
30
28
10
4
6
13,991
1,323
681
643
1,697
7,902
3,614
1,862
1,752
2,536
1,463
1,073
1,752
945
807
1,417
756
661
1,652
593
444
614
7,993
454
178
276
1,080
5,715
2,586
1,304
1,282
1,947
1,128
819
1,182
693
489
623
388
235
121
84
21
16
57.1
34.3
26.1
42.9
63.6
72.3
71.6
70.0
73.2
76.8
77.1
76.3
67.5
73.4
60.6
43.9
51.3
35.5
7.3
14.2
4.7
2.6
6,988
297
109
188
828
5,158
2,269
1,114
1,156
1,784
1,020
764
1,104
648
457
589
366
223
116
79
22
15
32
-
6,956
297
109
188
826
5,135
2,260
1,109
1,151
1,775
1,013
762
1,100
647
453
583
360
222
115
79
21
15
1,004
157
69
88
251
557
317
190
126
163
108
55
78
46
32
33
22
12
5
5
1
"•
Total
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
TOTAL
16 years and over .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years ...
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years ..
30 to 34 years ..
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years ..
40 to 44 years ..
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years ..
50 to 54 years ..
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years ..
60 to 64 years
65 years and over .
65 to 69 years ..
70 to 74 years
75 years and over..
1
12.5
34.4
38.0
32.2
23.1
9.6
11.4
12.6
19.2
8.7
9.4
7.6
6.9
6.1
7.9
6.6
6.0
7.4
5.5
5.2
9
9,402
1,698
1,000
698
1,014
2,969
1,383
765
618
819
456
363
767
362
405
1,204
517
687
2,517
857
691
969
Men
16 years and over ..
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years ..
30 to 34 years ..
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years ..
40 to 44 years ..
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years ..
50 to 54 years ..
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years ..
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over..
12.3
34.3
37.3
32.6
22.9
9.4
10.7
10.8
10.5
9.0
9.2
8.6
7.1
5.5
9.1
7.6
6.4
9.4
6.4
3.9
1
()
0
3,403
828
497
331
396
783
355
207
148
230
121
109
198
110
87
409
148
261
987
348
268
371
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years ...
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years ..
30 to 34 years ..
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years ..
40 to 44 years ..
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years ..
50 to 54 years ..
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years ..
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ..
65 to 69 years ..
70 to 74 years
75 years and over..
2
23
9
5
4
9
6
2
5
1
4
7
6
1
1
1
12.6
34.6
38.7
31.9
23.3
9.7
12.2
14.6
9.8
8.4
9.6
6.7
6.6
6.6
6.6
5.3
5.6
4.9
4.4
6.1
0
O
5,998
870
503
367
618
2,186
1,028
558
470
589
335
254
569
252
318
795
368
426
1,530
509
423
598
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
13
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over
Total
Employment status and
race
Women, 20 years and
over
Both sexes, 16 to 19
years
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
179,985
116,309
64.6
107,643
2,899
104,744
8,667
7.5
63,675
182,179
118,353
65.0
110,229
2,932
107,297
8,124
6.9
63,826
78,236
60,908
77.9
56,730
2,177
54,553
4,178
6.9
17,328
79,303
61,693
77.8
57,752
2,201
55,551
3,941
6.4
17,610
87,263
48,060
55.1
44,948
529
44,420
3,111
6.5
39,204
88,321
49,374
55.9
46,531
530
46,001
2,843
5.8
38,948
14,485
7,342
50.7
5,964
194
5,771
1,378
18.8
7,143
14,555
7,287
50.1
5,946
202
5,745
1,341
18.4
7,268
155,005
100,558
64.9
93,984
2,708
91,277
6,574
6.5
54,447
156,561
102,137
65.2
96,032
2,758
93,275
6,105
6.0
54,424
68,210
53,386
78.3
50,108
2,014
48,093
3,278
6.1
14,825
68,971
53,936
78.2
50,850
2,061
48,788
3,086
5.7
15,035
74,935
40,828
54.5
38,522
508
38,014
2,306
5.6
34,107
75,654
41,834
55.3
39,839
498
39,341
1,995
4.8
33,819
11,860
6,345
53.5
5,355
185
5,170
990
15.6
5,515
11,937
6,367
53.3
5,343
198
5,145
1,024
16.1
5,570
19,889
12,479
62.7
10,643
137
10,506
1,836
14.7
7,410
20,249
12,687
62.7
10,927
113
10,814
1,760
13.9
7,561
7,862
5,858
74.5
5,081
120
4,961
777
13.3
2,003
8,020
5,949
74.2
5,236
98
5,139
713
12.0
2,071
9,892
5,787
58.5
5,082
10
5,072
705
12.2
4,105
10,074
5,971
59.3
5,211
15
5,195
760
12.7
4,103
2,135
834
39.1
480
7
473
354
42.5
1,301
2,155
768
35.6
481
2
479
287
37.4
1,387
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries .. .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force ...
14
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1987
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Unemployed
Employed
Total
Percent of
population
Total
Full
time1
Part
time1
Total
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL ENROLLED
16,044
11,148
4,896
7,564
4,701
2,863
47.1
42.2
58.5
6,595
3,948
2,647
1,194
327
867
5,401
3,622
1,779
969
753
216
131
58
72
838
694
144
12.8
16.0
7.5
8,912
7,132
6,081
1,051
3,628
3,935
3,021
914
40.7
55.2
49.7
87.0
2,955
3,641
2,770
870
180
1,014
424
590
2,775
2,626
2,346
280
674
295
251
44
52
78
57
22
621
217
195
22
18.6
7.5
8.3
4.8
8,161
5,659
2,502
3,737
2,319
1,418
45.8
41.0
56.7
3,205
1,912
1,293
598
169
428
2,607
1,742
865
532
407
124
82
39
43
450
368
81
14.2
17.6
8.8
4,699
3,462
2,971
491
1,906
1,831
1,397
434
40.6
52.9
47.0
88.2
1,528
1,677
1,276
401
112
486
211
275
1,416
1,191
1,065
125
378
154
121
33
39
43
29
14
339
111
92
19
19.8
8.4
8.7
7.6
7,882
5,489
2,393
3,827
2,382
1,445
48.6
43.4
60.4
3,390
2,037
1,354
596
157
439
2,794
1,879
914
437
345
92
49
19
29
388
326
62
11.4
14.5
6.3
4,213
3,669
3,110
559
1,722
2,105
1,624
481
40.9
57.4
52.2
86.0
1,426
1,964
1,494
470
68
528
214
315
1,358
1,436
1,281
155
296
141
130
11
14
35
27
8
282
106
103
3
17.2
6.7
8.0
2.2
13,275
9,177
4,098
6,688
4,193
2,495
50.4
45.7
60.9
5,955
3,595
2,361
1,060
293
767
4,895
3,302
1,594
732
598
134
82
46
36
650
552
98
10.9
14.3
5.4
6,763
6,512
3,308
3,379
48.9
51.9
2,894
3,061
518
543
2,376
2,519
414
318
53
29
361
289
12.5
9.4
7,208
6,067
5,142
925
3,201
3,487
2,672
814
44.4
57.5
52.0
88 0
2,674
3,282
2,501
781
165
895
368
527
2,509
2,386
2,133
253
527
205
171
34
37
45
26
18
490
160
145
15
16.5
5.9
6.4
4.1
2,109
1,579
530
649
407
242
30.8
25.8
45.6
448
271
178
91
26
65
357
245
113
200
136
64
35
10
25
165
126
39
30.9
33.5
26 5
Men
Women
1,053
1,056
315
333
30.0
31.5
221
227
54
37
166
191
95
106
20
15
75
90
30.0
31.7
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
1,393
715
622
94
349
299
227
72
25.1
41.8
36.5
77 2
221
227
163
63
13
78
36
42
208
149
127
22
128
72
63
9
11
24
20
4
117
48
43
5
36.6
24.2
28.0
1,264
930
334
505
293
211
39.9
31.5
63.3
414
228
186
115
23
92
300
206
94
90
65
25
15
11
5
75
54
20
17.9
22.2
12.0
Men
Women
625
639
248
256
39.7
40.1
199
215
58
57
141
158
49
41
11
5
39
36
19.8
160
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
797
467
365
101
229
276
188
87
28.7
59.1
51.6
85.8
177
237
160
77
18
97
42
55
160
140
118
22
52
39
29
10
6
9
4
5
46
29
24
5
22.6
14.0
15.2
11.4
Total, 16 to 24 years ..
16 to 19 years ...
20 to 24 years
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
.
...
Men, 16 to 24 years ...
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
High school ...
College
Full-time students ...
Part-time students
—
Women, 16 to 24 years ..
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years ..
...
High school...
College
Full-time students
Part-time students ..
. ...
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years ...
Men
Women...
...
High school .
.
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
Black
Total 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
. .
(2)
Hispanic origin
Total 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
See footnotes at end of table.
15
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1987
Civilian labor force
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed
Employed
Total
Percent of
population
Total
Full
time1
Part
time1
Total
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
17,662
3,407
14,255
14,544
2,586
11,958
82.3
75.9
83.9
12,605
1,998
10,607
10,822
1,507
9,315
1,783
490
1,292
1,939
588
1,351
1,767
523
1,245
172
65
107
13.3
22.7
11.3
4,262
9,134
2,817
1,448
2,774
7,807
2,555
1,407
65.1
85.5
90.7
97.2
2,040
6,916
2,314
1,335
1,648
5,910
2,027
1,237
392
1,006
287
98
734
892
242
72
663
812
225
68
71
80
17
4
26.5
11.4
9.5
5.1
8,437
1,649
6,789
7,728
1,396
6,332
91.6
84.7
93.3
6,637
1,052
5,584
5,966
842
5,124
670
210
460
1,091
344
747
1,041
320
721
50
24
27
14.1
24.6
11.8
2,252
4,328
1,188
669
1,849
4,086
1,142
651
82.1
94.4
96.1
97.3
1,370
3,618
1,035
614
1,194
3,262
934
576
176
356
101
37
479
467
107
38
449
453
103
35
30
14
4
2
25.9
11.4
9.3
5.8
9,224
1,758
7,466
6,816
1,189
5,627
73.9
67.7
75.4
5,968
945
5,023
4,856
665
4,190
1,112
280
832
848
244
604
726
202
524
122
42
80
12.4
20.5
10.7
2,010
4,806
1,629
779
925
3,721
1,413
756
46.0
77.4
86.8
97.0
670
3,297
1,278
722
455
2,648
1,093
661
216
650
186
61
255
424
135
34
214
358
122
32
41
66
13
2
27.6
11.4
9.5
4.5
14,642
2,760
11,882
12,344
2,174
10,169
84.3
78.8
85.6
10,983
1,749
9,234
9,480
1,324
8,156
1,503
424
1,078
1,361
426
935
1,242
382
860
118
44
75
11.0
19.6
9.2
Men
Women
7,068
7,574
6,613
5,731
93.6
75.7
5,811
5,172
5,255
4,225
556
946
802
559
775
468
27
91
12.1
9.8
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
3,353
7,616
2,365
1,308
2,297
6,618
2,154
1,274
68.5
86.9
91.1
97.4
1,787
5,975
2,003
1,218
1,446
5,149
1,757
1,129
342
825
246
90
510
643
152
55
469
579
143
51
41
64
9
4
22.2
9.7
7.0
4.4
2,641
576
2,065
1,893
361
1,532
71.7
62.7
74.2
1,353
210
1,143
1,105
147
957
248
63
185
540
151
389
492
131
361
48
20
28
28.5
41.8
25.4
Men
Women
1,189
1,452
951
942
80.0
64.9
685
667
587
518
99
149
266
274
246
246
20
28
27.9
29.1
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more ...
807
1,349
374
111
403
1,051
331
108
50.0
77.9
88.4
96.7
194
823
244
91
151
657
214
83
44
165
30
9
209
228
87
16
183
213
79
16
26
15
8
51.8
21.7
26.2
15.3
1,995
393
1,602
1,467
259
1,208
73.5
65.9
75.4
1,270
184
1,086
1,071
123
948
199
61
138
197
75
123
187
72
115
10
3
7
13.4
28.8
10.1
1,039
957
947
520
91.2
54.4
818
452
716
355
102
98
129
68
126
61
3
7
13.6
13.1
973
755
212
55
636
595
185
51
65.4
78.8
87.1
516
529
174
51
432
443
146
50
85
. 85
28
1
120
66
11
113
63
11
6
4
18.9
11.2
5.8
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years ...
20 to 24 years ...
Less than 4 years of high school...
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more ...
...
Men, 16 to 24 years ...
16 to 19 years ...
20 to 24 years ...
...
Less than 4 years of high school ...
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
.
4 years of college or more
Women, 16 to 24 years ..
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years ..
.
.
.
. ...
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
...
4 years of college or more
...
White
Total, 16 to 24 years ..
16 to 19 years ...
20 to 24 years ...
..
Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years ...
20 to 24 years
Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 vears of colleoe
4 years of college or more
• •. •
1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and
16
college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Unemployed
Employed
Total
Veteran status
and age
Percent of
labor force
Number
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over
7,712
6,410
1,233
3,110
2,067
1,302
7,810
6,254
987
2,744
2,523
1,556
7,151
6,111
1,150
2,988
1,973
1,040
7,208
5,971
921
2,632
2,418
1,237
6,719
5,726
1,034
2,815
1,877
993
6,802
5,644
836
2,486
2,322
1,158
432
385
116
173
96
47
406
327
85
146
96
79
6.0
6.3
10.1
5.8
4.9
4.5
5.6
5.5
9.2
5.5
4.0
6.4
18,084
8,304
5,605
4,175
19,159
8,711
6,109
4,339
17,090
7,913
5,296
3,881
18,104
8,288
5,774
4,042
16,067
7,424
5,001
3,642
17,082
7,823
5,428
3,831
1,023
489
295
239
1,022
465
346
211
6.0
6.2
5.6
6.2
5.6
5.6
6.0
5.2
NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data
are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.
17
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
March 1987
Unemployed
Employed
Part time
Full time
Sex, age, and race
Total
Full-time
schedules1
Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time
Total
Voluntary1
Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .
90,270
1,834
215
1,619
88,436
10,182
78,254
67,346
10,907
88,581
1,737
209
1,528
86,844
9,917
76,927
66,241
10,686
1,689
97
6
91
1,592
265
1,327
1,105
221
19,959
4,112
2,159
1,953
15,847
3,072
Men, 16 years and over .
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
54,166
1,012
53,155
5,553
47,602
40,526
7,076
53,119
953
52,167
5,383
46,785
39,854
6,931
1,047
Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
36,103
822
35,281
4,630
30,650
26,820
3,830
Men, 16 years and over . ...
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
12,776
9,328
3,447
16,416
3,792
2,080
1,712
12,624
2,375
10,250
7,201
3,048
3,543
320
79
241
3,223
697
2,526
2,127
399
6,485
581
130
451
5,904
1,317
4,586
4,166
420
1,640
759
503
257
880
250
630
479
151
59
988
170
817
672
145
6,549
1,952
4,597
1,325
3,272
1,868
1,404
5,093
1,812
3,281
1,003
2,278
1,053
1,225
1,456
140
1,316
322
994
815
179
4,028
359
3,669
764
2,906
2,612
294
664
392
272
108
164
89
74
35,461
784
34,677
4,535
30,142
26,387
3,755
642
38
604
95
508
433
75
13,410
2,160
11,250
1,747
9,502
7,460
2,043
11,323
1,980
9,343
1,372
7,970
6,148
1,823
2,087
180
1,907
375
1,532
1,312
220
2,456
222
2,235
554
1,682
1,555
127
975
367
608
142
466
389
11
47,753
888
46,865
4,884
41,980
35,611
6,370
46,889
834
46,055
4,746
41,308
35,059
6,250
864
54
810
138
672
552
120
5,755
1,770
3,985
1,163
2,823
1,554
1,269
4,572
1,658
2,914
908
2,006
891
1,115
1,183
112
1,071
255
817
663
154
3,148
279
2,869
549
2,320
2,082
237
530
313
217
75
141
78
63
30,599
729
29,869
4,039
25,831
22,466
3,364
30,076
693
29,382
3,959
25,424
22,123
3,300
523
36
487
80
407
343
64
11,926
1,957
9,969
1,509
8,460
6,657
1,804
10,267
1,800
8,467
1,208
7,259
5,614
1,645
1,659
157
1,502
301
1,201
1,043
159
1,678
150
1,528
347
1,181
1,077
103
750
283
467
98
369
308
61
Men, 16 years and over . ..
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
4,873
100
4,773
541
4,232
3,690
541
4,717
96
4,621
511
4,110
3,590
520
156
4
152
30
122
100
21
608
144
463
121
343
225
118
381
116
264
63
203
108
95
227
28
199
58
140
117
23
739
72
667
193
474
428
46
116
70
46
24
21
10
11
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
4,267
74
4,193
481
3,712
3,337
375
4,188
71
4,117
469
3,648
3,282
366
79
3
76
12
64
55
9
1,181
164
1,018
177
841
634
206
798
143
656
108
547
395
152
383
21
362
69
294
239
54
697
69
628
192
437
422
208
76
132
43
'88
74
14
White
Black
55 years and over
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according
18
to whether they usually work full or part time.
15
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1987
Civilian labor force
I
Unemployed
Family relationship
Total
Not in labor force
Percent
of
population
Employed
Percent
of
Number
labor
force
Total
Keeping
house
Going Unable
Other
to
to
reasons
school work
Total, 16 years and over1
96,659
65.4
89,952
6,707
6.9 51,136
23,460
8,695
2,249
16,732
Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force
39,619
24,734
1,087
13,798
78.3
91.7
90.7
61.5
37,838
23,749
919
13,170
1,781
985
168
628
4.5 10,959
4.0 2,228
111
15.5
4.5 8,620
203
76
3
124
238
157
4
77
909
318
27
564
9,609
1,677
77
7,855
Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force
28,160
24,668
1,153
2,339
55.7
65.2
64.8
21.3
26,962
23,749
985
2,228
1,198
919
168
111
4.3 22,418
3.7 13,170
628
14.6
4.8 8,620
18,529
11,772
564
6,193
414
348
24
42
365
126
16
223
3,109
924
24
2,161
Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
13,148
4,851
5,014
3,283
61.0
50.0
74.8
63.6
11,441
4,082
4,463
2,896
1,707
769
551
387
13.0
15.9
11.0
11.8
8,417
4,846
1,691
1,880
730
83
152
495
5,845
4,472
1,215
158
366
21
43
302
1,476
270
280
926
Women who maintain families
6,549
62.5
5,904
645
9.8
3,934
2,796
162
167
808
Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
5,332
1,328
1,608
2,394
58.4
45.8
73.6
59.3
4,376
965
1,293
2,118
956
364
316
276
17.9
27.4
19.6
11.5
3,796
1,574
576
1,646
794
73
134
587
1,683
1,344
249
90
312
11
23
278
1,007
145
170
692
Men who maintain families
2,164
78.8
1,980
183
8.5
582
37
38
67
441
Relatives in families maintained by men ...
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
1,687
254
502
932
62.1
44.7
83.1
60.3
1,450
198
435
817
237
56
66
115
14.1
21.9
13.2
12.3
1,029
314
102
613
371
30
22
319
315
250
55
10
63
279
34
22
223
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in
families where the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family
is in the Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women
3
60
who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status
estimates shown in other tables in this publication because of differences
in definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.
19
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men
Marital status, race, and age
Thousands of
persons
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Total, 16 years and over . ..
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
4,928
2,081
637
2,210
White, 16 years and over . .
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
3,820
1,771
495
3,678
1,654
463
1,555
1,561
Black, 16 years and over . .
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
962
234
125
603
855
222
98
536
Total, 25 years and over . ..
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
3,189
1,885
Women
Unemployment
rates
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
3,739
9.9
13.0
7.2
4.7
8.9
12.6
1,551
817
1,371
6.8
4.8
9.2
10.9
6.4
4.4
8.5
10.8
15.3
7.8
13.5
7.0
13.2
26.0
23.9
601
703
3,070
1,800
548
721
6.0
4.8
9.7
9.3
White, 25 years and over .. .
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
2,555
1,600
460
2,462
1,528
443
495
491
Black, 25 years and over . .
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
534
214
124
196
495
207
87
202
20
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
4,693
7.6
1,943
579
5.1
Thousands of
persons
2,170
Unemployment
rates
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
3,432
1,309
759
1,364
7.2
5.5
7.9
10.5
6.5
4.5
7.4
10.1
2,754
1,308
601
844
2,427
1,064
537
827
6.3
5.2
7.2
7.9
5.4
4.1
6.5
7.6
874
185
196
493
905
198
199
508
14.1
7.9
11.2
23.4
14.2
8.2
11.4
23.3
5.7
4.5
8.7
9.2
2,404
1,285
721
398
2,147
1,087
682
377
5.9
5.0
7,4
7.5
5.1
4.0
7.0
6.7
5.5
4.6
9.0
8.0
5.2
4.3
8.5
7.7
1,843
1,090
535
218
1,551
875
476
199
5.3
4.8
6.8
5.3
4.3
3.7
6.1
4.6
10.9
7.4
13.2
9.8
6.7
9.6
10.3
7.5
18.4
525
169
185
169
9.8
17.9
481
149
168
164
10.6
6.9
10.0
15.3
10.9
15.2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation
Unemployment rates
Total
Men
Total
Women
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
8,124
7.5
6.9
7.6
7.2
7.2
6.5
645
356
290
638
349
289
2.4
2.8
2.0
2.3
2.6
1.9
2.2
2.4
2.0
2.3
2.6
2.1
2.7
3.5
2.1
2.1
2.7
1.8
1,733
128
746
859
1,730
97
764
4.8
3.7
5.5
4.6
4.8
2.9
5.5
4.6
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.7
4.2
3.4
4.1
4.7
5.6
4.3
7.8
4.8
5.1
2.4
6.9
4.5
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
1,424
35
96
1,293
1,290
44
67
1,179
8.9
3.6
5.1
9.8
8.0
4.4
3.4
8.9
9.1
7.5
O
O
4.8
10.6
3.4
9.0
8.7
3.7
7.6
9.3
8.3
4.7
3.8
8.9
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
1,235
228
674
333
1,033
200
592
242
8.6
5.0
12.7
7.4
7.3
4.3
11.1
5.7
8.3
5.0
12.5
6.4
7.4
4.4
11.0
5.5
11.3
4.2
21.2
11.1
6.6
.6
17.6
6.6
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
2,293
921
530
841
246
595
2,179
869
459
851
255
596
12.3
10.7
11.0
16.0
28.0
13.6
11.5
10.1
9.2
15.9
29.5
13.2
12.2
9.5
11.5
16.0
27.9
13.2
11.6
12.5
12.5
16.6
29.6
13.7
15.9
11.2
11.9
4.4
11.8
15.3
11.3
Farming, forestry, and fishing
365
339
10.8
9.7
10.3
9.9
13.6
8.9
No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
909
586
196
127
862
565
154
143
Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
8,667
8.8
9.7
6.1
O
O
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
21
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry
Total
Unemployment rates
Men
Total
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
8,667
Women
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
8,124
7.5
6.9
7.6
7.2
7.2
6.5
6,648
6,210
7.6
7.0
7.9
7.5
7.3
6.5
Mining
Construction ..
124
1,031
92
984
12.0
17.2
10.6
16.5
12.9
17.8
12.0
17.2
7.2
11.5
2.2
9.5
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Funiture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products ...
Other nondurable goods industries
1,652
930
85
61
48
91
99
191
141
152
102
49
21
41
722
234
52
157
32
79
54
59
54
1,566
875
89
36
38
80
108
147
139
143
78
65
43
52
690
187
54
152
39
110
59
52
36
7.6
7.2
13.3
9.2
8.2
10.1
7.6
7.1
6.4
5.5
7.6
3.5
2.9
8.0
8.1
12.6
6.6
12.2
4.2
4.6
4.2
8.1
11.7
7.2
6.9
11.9
5.4
6.5
9.2
8.0
6.2
6.0
5.3
6.3
4.4
6.8
9.9
7.8
10.2
7.3
11.7
5.1
6.2
4.8
6.7
8.8
6.5
6.6
13.6
7.7
7.9
10.3
7.5
6.8
2.7
5.3
6.9
3.7
3.4
8.4
6.2
9.7
3.6
13.1
2.3
3.4
3.5
7.6
9.5
6.3
6.3
12.9
4.7
6.4
8.6
7.2
6.1
5.5
4.4
4.6
4.2
6.1
6.7
6.3
8.6
5.5
9.2
4.7
5.8
4.8
5.1
5.3
9.8
8.5
11.9
12.2
9.4
8.8
7.7
8.0
11.8
6.3
9.8
3.1
2.2
7.4
10.9
18.6
10.1
11.9
10.4
6.2
5.8
9.2
16.0
9.1
8.3
7.9
7.4
7.1
12.9
10.4
6.8
6.8
8.4
12.2
5.1
7.9
13.7
9.9
13.2
9.4
12.4
6.6
6.6
4.6
9.6
13.9
Transportation and public utilities..
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries
371
286
84
1,774
232
1,542
237
1,460
548
912
289
224
66
1,741
230
1,511
217
1,322
503
819
6.0
8.2
3.1
8.0
5.5
8.6
3.5
6.3
4.2
9.1
4.7
6.4
2.5
7.6
5.2
8.2
3.1
5.5
3.7
7.9
6.7
9.2
2.9
7.0
5.7
7.4
3.2
7.0
3.7
9.7
5.0
6.7
2.2
7.1
5.1
7.8
3.4
6.0
3.7
7.8
4.4
5.3
3.6
9.2
5.1
9.7
3.7
5.9
4.4
8.6
4.0
5.2
3.1
8.2
5.5
8.6
3.0
5.2
3.6
8.0
254
856
909
234
818
862
15.2
3.2
_
13.5
3.0
_
14.3
3.3
_
13.9
3.3
_
18.8
3.2
_
12.3
2.7
_
Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .
Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers .
No previous work experience
22
Mar.
1987
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
unemployed
Reason for unemployment
Men,
20 years
and over
Both sexes,
16 to 19
years
Women,
20 years
and over
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
1,341
252
58
194
116
411
562
6,574
3,707
1,213
2,494
717
1,570
580
6,105
3,291
1,035
2,256
775
1,474
566
1,836
834
128
706
186
540
277
1,760
814
159
655
133
559
253
100.0
18.8
4.3
14.5
11.1
27.8
42.4
100.0
18.7
4.3
14.4
8.7
30.6
41.9
100.0
56.3
18.4
37.9
10.9
23.9
8.8
100.0
53.8
16.9
36.9
12.7
24.1
9.3
100.0
45.4
7.0
38.5
10.1
29.4
15.1
100.0
46.2
9.0
37.2
7.6
31.8
14.4
3.5
2.1
5.2
8.0
3.5
1.6
5.6
7.7
3.7
.7
1.6
.6
3.2
.8
1.4
.6
6.7
1.5
4.3
2.2
6.4
1.0
4.4
2.0
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
8,667
4,654
1,361
3,293
923
2,186
904
8,124
4,227
1,206
3,021
934
2,107
857
4,178
3,032
913
2,119
372
639
135
3,941
2,800
833
1,967
401
656
84
3,111
1,363
389
974
399
1,164
185
2,843
1,176
315
861
416
1,040
211
1,378
259
59
200
152
383
584
100.0
53.7
15.7
38.0
10.7
25.2
10.4
100.0
52.0
14.8
37.2
11.5
25.9
10.5
100.0
72.6
21.9
50.7
8.9
15.3
3.2
100.0
71.0
21.1
49.9
10.2
16.6
2.1
100.0
43.8
12.5
31.3
12.8
37.4
5.9
100.0
41.4
11.1
30.3
14.6
36.6
7.4
4.0
.8
1.9
.8
3.6
.8
1.8
.7
5.0
4.6
.7
1.1
.1
2.8
2.3
.8
2.1
.4
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Black
White
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
1.0
.2
2.4
.4
23
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
March 1987
Total unemployed
Duration of unemployment
Reason, sex, and age
15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons
Total, 16 years and over ....
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers .
Reentrants
New entrants
Percent
Less than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
Total
15 to 26
weeks
27 weeks
and over
8,124
100.0
37.8
32.9
29.3
14.7
14.6
4,227
1,206
3,021
934
2,107
857
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
29.8
41.7
25.1
42.1
47.7
47.8
34.2
32.5
34.8
32.6
31.2
30.9
36.0
25.7
40.0
25.3
21.1
21.4
18.8
18.5
18.9
14.4
7.9
17.2
7.3
21.1
10.9
11.7
13.4
3,941
100.0
29.3
33.9
36.8
19.0
17.8
2,800
833
1,967
401
656
84
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
26.8
38.0
22.1
36.2
35.1
33.7
34.1
34.4
34.0
35.2
32.5
32.3
39.1
27.6
43.9
28.6
32.3
33.9
20.7
20.8
20.7
13.2
15.8
11.9
18.3
6.9
23.2
15.4
16.5
22.1
2,843
100.0
41.4
31.9
26.6
12.5
14.1
1,176
315
861
416
1,040
211
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
32.0
45.5
27.0
46.2
51.8
33.7
34.4
30.2
36.0
28.3
30.3
33.7
33.6
24.3
37.0
25.5
17.9
32.6
16.6
14.8
17.3
16.6
7.5
7.0
17.0
9.6
19.8
8.9
10.5
25.5
1,341
100.0
54.9
31.8
13.3
6.9
6.4
252
58
194
116
411
562
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
53.7
33.8
12.5
7.8
O
0
(')
14.4
13.5
11.1
15.3
O
47.4
47.5
57.3
55.1
38.3
39.0
31.6
29.6
9.4
8.3
10.9
4.1
7.7
4.7
O
6.0
2.5
7.0
7.6
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
A-16. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Full-time workers
Total
Thousands of persons
Duration of unemployment
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
24
. ..
Percent distribution
Thousands of persons
Percent distribution
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
8,667
8,124
100.0
100.0
7,113
6,485
100.0
100.0
3,194
2,867
1,966
901
2,606
1,352
1,254
580
674
3,068
2,672
1,809
864
2,384
1,196
1,188
498
690
36.8
33.1
22.7
10.4
30.1
15.6
14.5
6.7
7.8
37.8
32.9
22.3
10.6
29.3
14.7
14.6
6.1
8.5
2,329
2,402
1,609
792
2,383
1,230
1,153
520
633
2,112
2,190
1,445
744
2,183
1,065
1,118
464
654
32.7
33.8
22.6
11.1
33.5
17.3
16.2
7.3
8.9
32.6
33.8
22.3
11.5
33.7
16.4
17.2
7.2
10.1
15.3
8.4
15.6
8.2
16.7
9.5
17.6
9.7
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17.
Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, race, and
marital status
Total
Percent of unemployed
in group
Weeks
27
Less
5 to 14 15 to 26 weeks
than
and
weeks
5 weeks weeks
over
Average
(mean)
duration
Median
duration
March 1987
Unemployed
less than
5 weeks
Unemployed
15 weeks
and over
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years ..
55 to 64 years
65 years and over..
8,124
1,341
1,568
2,348
1,475
822
475
97
3,068
736
623
807
474
241
138
50
2,672
427
566
786
466
250
154
24
1,196
92
173
418
247
160
93
13
1,188
86
207
338
287
171
90
9
15.6
8.9
13.7
15.7
19.8
20.0
19.6
12.2
8.2
4.6
7.7
9.0
9.9
12.1
11.0
4.8
36.8
52.4
35.2
36.2
33.6
31.0
24.8
35.8
37.8
54.9
39.7
34.4
32.2
29.3
29.0
52.1
30.1
16.6
26.2
30.4
37.0
37.9
42.6
29.8
29.3
13.3
24.2
32.2
36.2
40.3
38.5
22.7
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over...
4,693
752
872
1,341
830
530
303
65
1,548
393
306
402
213
130
73
31
1,579
242
353
453
278
152
87
14
808
60
104
268
159
132
72
13
759
57
109
218
181
116
70
7
17.2
9.9
14.2
17.1
22.6
21.7
22.4
9.7
4.8
8.7
10.3
11.8
14.1
14.1
32.0
49.4
31.0
30.3
28.5
26.5
21.3
33.0
52.3
35.1
30.0
25.6
24.5
24.2
34.1
18.3
28.4
35.6
42.5
42.7
44.5
33.4
15.6
24.4
36.2
40.9
46.9
47.0
O
O
O
0
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
3,432
589
696
1,007
645
291
172
32
1,521
343
317
405
262
111
64
20
1,094
185
213
332
188
98
67
10
388
32
69
150
88
28
21
-
429
29
97
120
107
54
20
2
13.3
7.6
13.1
13.8
16.2
16.9
14.7
44.3
58.2
45.5
40.2
40.6
38.1
37.4
24.8
14.5
23.1
23.9
29.9
30.6
39.6
23.8
10.4
23.9
26.8
30.2
28.3
23.5
O
0
43.3
56.0
41.2
43.4
40.4
37.7
30.4
White, 16 years and over
Men
Women ..
6,105
3,678
2,427
2,344
1,219
1,124
2,026
1,245
782
920
659
261
815
555
261
14.9
16.5
12.4
Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women
1,760
855
905
627
273
354
573
289
284
226
117
109
335
177
158
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
1,943
579
2,170
508
161
878
647
174
758
436
104
267
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
1,309
759
1,364
562
305
653
429
239
425
161
101
127
O
6.4
4.3
6.1
7.3
7.9
8.3
7.5
O
0
7.9
9.6
5.8
37.7
32.7
44.6
38.4
33.1
46.3
29.9
34.1
24.1
28.4
33.0
21.5
17.8
20.1
15.7
9.0
9.8
8.2
33.9
30.2
38.0
35.6
31.9
39.1
30.0
32.8
26.9
31.8
34.3
29.5
351
140
267
19.0
22.7
14.2
12.1
12.0
7.3
28.1
28.2
36.7
26.2
27.9
40.5
38.6
39.2
28.3
40.5
42.1
24.6
156
113
159
13.1
15.3
12.4
6.7
7.6
5.5
42.4
38.5
47.1
43.0
40.2
47.9
24.7
30.8
21.3
24.2
28.2
21.0
0
O
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
25
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons
Occupation and industry
Total
Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks
weeks
5 weeks
Percent of unemployed
in group
Weeks
27
weeks
and
over
Average
(mean)
duration
Median
duration
March 1987
Unemployed Unemployed
15 weeks
less than
and over
5 weeks
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
638
1,730
1,290
1,033
2,179
339
192
727
547
333
717
123
219
575
432
368
696
93
121
200
141
183
397
81
105
228
170
149
370
42
17.1
13.8
14.4
16.0
17.9
16.0
9.9
7.0
7.3
9.8
10.0
10.3
34.3
40.2
42.2
32.0
30.9
27.5
30.1
42.0
42.4
32.2
32.9
36.4
30.3
25.5
26.6
32.0
35.6
43.8
35.6
24.7
24.1
32.1
35.2
36.3
234
1,003
1,569
879
690
329
1,750
1,816
226
90
309
526
269
256
107
710
709
73
58
388
484
267
217
114
618
590
78
61
217
248
136
111
54
206
258
38
25
88
311
206
105
54
217
259
38
13.8
13.8
19.3
21.8
16.1
16.1
14.2
15.0
17.2
9.8
10.1
9.7
9.3
21.8
28.4
34.3
29.2
41.0
34.2
36.0
40.1
36.1
38.5
30.8
33.5
30.7
37.1
32.6
40.6
39.0
32.2
46.5
34.8
35.9
39.0
32.0
27.4
28.0
27.2
29.9
36.9
30.5
35.6
39.0
31.4
32.8
24.2
28.5
33.5
862
413
266
68
115
13.5
5.4
49.9
47.9
22.1
21.2
INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration .
No previous work experience
Includes wage and salary workers only.
26
11.1
8.2
8.9
7.3
8.3
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
March 1987
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race
Total
unemployed
Total, 16 years and over . . .
16 to 19 years .
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years .
35 to 44 years .
45 to 54 years .,
55 to 64 years
65 years and over .
8,124
1,341
1,568
2,348
1,475
822
475
Men, 16 years and over .
16 to 19 years .
20 to 24 years ..
25 to 34 years ..
35 to 44 years .
45 to 54 years .
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
4,693
752
872
Women, 16 years and over..
16 to 19 years .
20 to 24 years .,
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years .,
45 to 54 years
...
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
3,432
589
696
97
1,341
830
530
303
65
Total
jobseekers
6,782
1,274
1,355
1,900
1,212
592
358
91
3,724
700
706
1,030
649
362
216
61
Public
employment
agency
Private
employment
agency
Employer
directly
Placed
or
answered
ads
Friends
or
relatives
Other
Average
number of
methods
used
24.6
12.6
27.8
25.6
28.6
31.3
28.2
11.0
6.8
3.1
5.9
8.4
9.1
6.3
8.1
8.8
75.3
84.3
76.6
74.5
70.9
73.8
61.2
71.4
35.4
27.5
35.2
37.0
40.4
37.8
34.4
35.2
17.3
13.7
17.0
18.2
19.3
18.1
19.3
12.1
4.5
2.3
4.5
4.3
6.0
4.7
8.9
4.4
1.64
1.43
1.67
1.68
1.74
1.72
1.60
1.43
27.7
17.3
26.5
31.1
32.7
34.5
28.2
7.4
4.4
6.2
7.9
10.2
8.3
7.9
76.3
83.3
80.9
74.9
71.5
76.2
62.5
33.1
25.7
34.4
34.5
38.7
35.1
25.9
18.8
15.7
17.8
18.9
24.7
18.2
17.1
5.4
2.0
4.2
5.1
8.0
6.6
12.5
1.69
1.48
1.70
1.72
1.86
1.79
1.54
0
O
0
15.4
11.5
16.2
17.2
13.1
17.4
21.8
3.5
2.6
4.6
3.3
3.7
1.3
3.5
1.58
1.37
1.64
1.62
1.61
1.60
1.68
0
O
O
O
O
38.1
29.6
36.1
39.8
42.5
42.2
47.2
20.7
6.8
29.3
18.9
24.0
172
32
3,058
574
649
871
563
230
142
30
White, 16 years and over .
Men
Women .
6,105
3,678
2,427
4,962
2,844
2,118
24.2
27.4
20.0
7.0
7.4
6.5
75.2
76.7
73.3
37.8
34.9
41.6
16.9
19.0
14.1
5.1
6.3
3.5
1.66
1.72
1.59
Black, 16 years and over .
Men
Women .
1,760
855
905
1,587
739
848
25.1
29.0
21.7
6.0
6.5
5.5
77.9
77.9
77.8
27.7
25.4
29.7
17.2
16.6
17.6
2.5
1.9
2.9
1.56
1.57
1.55
1,007
645
291
26.1
28.2
6.1
1.4
5.5
9.0
7.8
3.0
8.5
0
0
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within
74.1
85.5
72.0
74.1
70.2
70.0
59.2
30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.
A-20. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
March 1987
Thousands of persons
Sex and reason
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Public
employment
agency
Private
employment
agency
6,782
3,001
935
1,997
849
24.6
30.3
24.8
20.5
13.7
4,693
2,979
474
864
376
3,724
2,072
469
812
372
3,432
1,249
460
1,242
481
3,058
929
466
1,185
477
Total
unemployed
Total
jobseekers
Total, 16 years and over
Job losers1....
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
8,124
4,227
934
2,107
857
Men, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants.
New entrants
Women, 16 years and over
Job losers1 ..
.
Job leavers..
Reentrants
New entrants
Employer
directly
Friends
or
relatives
6.8
8.0
7.9
6.7
1.6
75.3
76.0
75.4
71.6
81.4
35.4
37.2
44.7
33.2
23.6
17.3
20.8
14.3
14.6
14.4
4.5
4.6
3.3
6.1
2.0
1.64
1.77
1.70
1.53
1.37
27.7
31.0
26.2
26.4
14.2
7.4
8.1
7.0
8.1
2.7
76.3
76.8
73.3
72.2
85.8
33.1
33.9
39.2
33.5
20.4
18.8
20.4
15.8
18.7
14.0
5.4
5.4
5.5
6.8
2.2
1.69
1.76
1.67
1.66
1.39
20.7
28.5
23.4
16.5
13.2
6.1
8.0
8.6
5.7
.8
74.1
74.2
77.5
71.2
78.0
38.1
44.6
50.4
33.0
26.0
15.4
21.6
13.1
11.9
14.7
3.5
2.9
1.3
5.6
1.9
1.58
1.80
1.74
1.44
1.35
Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within
Average
number of
methods
used
Placed
or
answered
ads
Other
30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.
27
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Women
Men
Total
Industry and age
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
All industries ..
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years ..
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years ..
35 to 44 years ..
45 to 54 years ..
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years ..
60 to 64 years
65 years and over .
107,643
5,964
110,229
5,946
2,375
3,572
59,686
2,956
1,174
1,782
7,091
41,292
60,716
47,957
3,008
1,157
1,852
6,439
49,513
Agriculture ...
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years ..
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years ..
60 to 64 years
65 years and over .
2,899
194
85
109
334
1,678
698
521
459
413
226
186
281
104,744
5,771
2,246
3,525
107,297
5,745
2,291
3,454
12.859
75,036
31,961
26,223
16,852
10,941
6,643
4,298
2,716
Nonagricultural industries.
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years ..
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
28
2,331
3,634
13,529
73,985
31,794
25,380
13,254
76,675
32,677
26,725
32,693
3,968
2,605
1,774
2,932
202
84
2,341
164
2,363
163
558
569
69
71
118
395
95
280
1,298
569
400
329
349
92
357
29
16
13
54
380
39
13
26
38
381
139
125
117
81
47
34
31
17,274
11,272
6,839
4,433
11,371
6,856
4,515
2,983
13,195
72,308
31,097
24,859
16,352
10,860
6,612
4,247
2,610
2,982
1,197
1,785
6,376
34,281
14,509
12,128
7,644
4,686
42,394
18,168
14,597
9,629
6,685
4,007
2,678
1,796
16,811
2,892
2,964
1,177
1,787
6,878
1,639
715
502
421
430
213
217
267
17,866
13,976
9,451
6,573
184
166
249
57,345
2,791
1,105
1,687
6,811
39,994
17,297
13,575
9,121
6,224
3,784
2,440
1,525
1,258
576
377
305
349
166
183
236
58,353
2,801
1,107
1,695
6,520
41,136
17,591
14,220
9,325
6,336
3,841
2,495
1,559
13,929
11,404
7,360
4,699
2,871
1,828
1,117
129
121
129
63
42
21
32
47,399
2,979
1,141
1,838
6,385
32,314
13,799
11,284
7,231
4,636
2,828
1,807
1,085
2,849
1,837
1,188
48,944
2,943
1,184
1,759
6,338
33,900
14,370
12,003
7,528
4,605
2,802
1,803
1,157
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Total
16 years
and over
Occupation
Mar.
1986
Women
Men
Mar.
1987
16 years
and over
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
20 years
and over
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
20 years
and over
16 years
and over
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
107,643 110,229 59,686 60,716 56,730 57,752 47,957 49,513 44,948 46,531
Total
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
,
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university ..
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations
26,401 27,674 14,916 15,408 14,835 15,338 11,484 12,267 11,365 12,172
12,475 13,002 7,988 8,136 7,954 8,100 4,487 4,865 4,448 4,827
511
322
309
525
215
216
190
321
309
190
8,523 8,924 5,805 5,939 5,780 5,901 2,718 2,986 2,694 2,957
3,440 3,553
1,861
1,889 1,853 1,890 1,579 1,664 1,565 1,656
13,926 14,673
6,929 7,272 6,881 7,239 6,997 7,401 6,917 7,345
1,694
1,631
125
1,531
1,569 1,531
100
1,568
100
125
742
639
257
394
484
244
259
243
395
483
400
352
96
271
81
305
96
78
305
268
789
712
595
664
117
666
123
116
595
123
2,138
1,999
338
289
289 1,662 1,849 1,660 1,848
336
729
741
468
479
267
478
250
466
273
245
3,792 3,851
1,015
996
1,008
993 2,778 2,855 2,754 2,828
643
682
515
124
124
558
514
558
128
128
3,417
3,647
1,801
1,698
1,926 1,767 1,901
1,616 1,721
1,571
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science..
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical
34,032 34,594 12,069 12,178 11,537 11,641 21,963 22,416 20,276 20,784
3,287 3,254
1,794
1,627 1,766 1,599 1,494 1,626 1,473 1,613
1,092
1,103
173
166
171
166
937
919
935
905
1,122
1,039
916
217
808
823
903
206
213
203
1,074
1,111
624
705
638
692
464
473
369
365
12,859 13,207
6,699 6,916 6,380 6,590 6,160 6,291
5,234 5,349
3,447 3,531
2,422
2,450 2,395 2,436 1,026 1,082 1,007 1,048
2,261
2,245
1,322
1,361
1,305 1,353
857
908
883
939
1,457
1,510
1,204
251
1,261
1,198 1,256
249
249
253
5,643 5,876
1,834 1,462 1,534 3,912 4,043 3,039 3,161
1,730
51
44
21
10
10
34
29
34
19
30
3,576 3,634 3,391 3,452 14,310 14,499 13,570 13,822
17,886 18,134
295
290
407
697
290
698
404
401
293
402
284
300
893
521
564
560
860
275
280
609
66
77
4,938 4,990
58
68 4,870 4,914 4,640 4,670
244
206
2,479
239
203 2,265 2,273 2,217 2,232
2,509
314
601
304
301
290
585
632
946
556
888
2,101
1,971 2,010 5,860 6,031 5,458 5,695
2,131
7,962 8,161
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Heaith service
Cleaning and building service
,
Personal service
14,663 14,882
939
938
1,897
1,781
11,943 12,046
5,063 5,129
1,858
1,834
2,885
2,968
2,174J
2,079
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
13,137
4,330
4,643
4,164
...
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations
...
5,899
37
1,571
4,291
1,902
199
1,798
393
5,981
34
1,630
4,316
1,953
210
1,719
435
5,037
27
1,540
3,470
1,317
184
1,605
364
5,064
17
1,598
3,449
1,338
191
1,535
386
13,145 12,018 12,036 11,748 11,785
4,429
4,200
4,174
4,271
4,089
4,746
4,545
4,538
4,679
4,402
3,970 3,306 3,086 3,256 3,040
16,402 16,785 12,233 12,447 11,229 11,456
4,578
7,693 7,732 4,672
4,425
4,502
6,463 6,395 3,863 3,725 3,752 3,622
2,408
2,453
3,553 3,534
2,354
2,378
1,316
1,410
2,861
2,910
1,268
1,374
809
853
1,337
1,230
803
750
3,882 4,109
4,296 4,534
3,974
3,780
3,058 2,758
3,438 2,844
3,219
2,929
1,038
1,051
1,096
1,077
1,045
1,021
3,678 3,761
4,412 4,519
3,057
2,948
610
633
613
589
548
529
3,779 3,909 3,065 3,172
2,400
2,528
3,008
1,293
1,715
3,149
1,281
1,867
2,551
1,140
1,412
2,667
1,117
1,549
2,344
1,128
1,216
2,468
1,110
1,359
8,764
902
209
7,653
3,161
1,635
1,170
1,686
8,901
905
267
7,729
3,176
1,648
1,166
1,740
7,782
738
202
6,841
2,581
1,555
1,119
1,586
7,868
709
250
6,910
2,581
1,575
1,097
1,656
1,120.
156
105
858
1,109
158
68
884
1,091
150
102
839
1,088
153
64
872
4,169
3,021
2,600
1,100
1,500
422
414
375
39
734
20
714
4,338
3,154
2,670
1,126
1,544
484
425
380
45
758
21
737
4,005
2,947
2,545
1,081
1,463
402
407
369
39
651
20
632
4,169
3,081
2,618
1,107
1,511
463
412
367
45
676
20
656
457
153
304
482
164
318
429
153
276
449
161
288
29
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Total
Occupation and race
Men
Women
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
107,643
100.0
110,229
100.0
59,686
100.0
60,716
100.0
47,957
100.0
49,513
100.0
24.5
11.6
12.9
25.1
11.8
25.0
13.4
11.6
20.2
3.0
25.4
13.4
12.0
23.9
9.4
24.8
9.8
14.6
45.8
14.9
45.3
3.3
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) ..
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations .,
Private household ..
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing ..
13.3
31.4
3.0
12.0
2.8
11.9
15.2
7.0
4.1
4.1
2.9
.1
2.6
7.2
20.1
20.5
7.8
6.5
6.2
4.3
20.1
2.7
11.4
6.0
9.9
.1
2.7
7.1
19.8
20.5
7.5
6.8
6.2
4.4
93,984
100.0
96,032
100.0
52,751
100.0
25.5
12.2
13.3
32.1
3.0
12.6
26.1
12.5
26.1
31.6
3.1
11.9
16.6
13.6
.9
1.7
11.1
12.2
15.2
7.1
4.0
4.1
16.5
13.5
.9
1.7
10.9
11.2
6.0
9.9
3.1
12.8
29.8
18.3
12.7
29.3
1.9
.4
18.0
1.8
.5
16.0
2.3
8.7
6.3
.9
1.5
1.0
15.6
2.2
8.8
6.4
.9
1.5
1.0
53,508
100.0
41,233
100.0
42,525
100.0
26.4
14.1
24.9
25.8
10.4
15.3
46.2
3.3
13.2
29.8
16.7
1.6
.5
White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) ..
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial..
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations ..
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing ...
2.9
3.9
3.0
14.2
11.9
20.5
3.0
11.9
5.6
8.9
.1
2.5
6.3
20.7
19.5
7.5
6.2
5.7
4.4
10,643
100.0
10,927
100.0
15.2
6.1
9.1
27.8
2.8
7.0
18.0
23.5
2.3
2.5
15.0
6.2
8.8
28.5
2.2
7.6
18.6
22.5
2.0
2.8
17.7
9.0
23.3
10.8
6.1
6.4
1.8
16.5
12.4
.7
1.6
10.1
12.6
14.5
6.7
3.9
3.9
13.7
31.8
3.0
12.5
16.3
12.4
.7
1.6
10.0
12.4
14.4
6.5
4.0
4.6
9.8
15.1
47.0
3.1
13.4
30.5
16.8
1.5
.4
14.9
2.2
8.1
5.7
.9
1.5
1.1
5,323
100.0
5,480
100.0
5,320
100.0
5,447
100.0
13.3
6.4
7.0
13.4
7.1
6.3
17.3
1.8
5.7
9.8
17.1
5.9
11.2
38.4
3.6
8.6
26.2
28.8
4.5
.9
16.6
5.3
11.3
39.7
2.6
12.4
20.2
2.7
12.0
5.5
8.9
.1
2.5
6.3
20.5
19.4
7.1
6.5
5.8
14.7
2.2
8.0
5.7
.8
1.5
1.1
Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) ..
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations .
Private household ..
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing ..
30
18.7
9.4
22.3
10.3
5.5
6.5
1.8
17.1
2.1
5.3
9.7
18.1
.1
4.0
14.0
15.9
32.0
11.1
9.9
11.0
3.5
17.8
.1
4.5
13.2
15.6
32.7
11.2
10.8
10.7
3.2
23.4
2.9
12.6
9.6
1.1
1.9
.1
9.6
27.4
27.3
3.9
1.2
22.3
2.3
13.8
10.4
1.5
1.9
.3
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
March 1987
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Age and sex
Wage and salary workers
Total
Private
household Government
workers
Other
Selfemployed
workers
Unpaid
family
workers
Wage and
salary
workers
Selfemployed
workers
Unpaid
family
workers
Total, 16 years and over...
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
99,092
5,685
2,256
3,429
12,527
29,921
23,870
15,160
9,744
5,959
3,785
2,184
1,134
231
172
59
121
185
159
144
170
101
68
124
16,883
312
99
212
1,239
4,405
5,111
3,380
2,046
1,276
770
391
81,075
5,142
1,984
3,158
11,168
25,332
18,600
11,636
7,528
4,581
2,946
1,670
7,921
47
27
20
317
1,987
2,273
1,623
1,165
667
497
509
284
13
8
5
15
53
80
69
32
17
16
22
1,494
161
63
98
331
435
231
164
114
69
45
57
1,303
8
4
4
52
256
254
247
285
124
161
201
135
32
16
16
12
24
18
10
30
20
10
10
Men, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
53,024
2,770
1,086
1,683
6,315
16,274
12,790
8,193
5,502
3,359
2,143
1,180
132
30
30
21
26
21
10
16
6
10
8
8,031
148
52
96
580
2,079
2,420
1,595
1,007
649
358
202
44,861
2,591
1,004
1,587
5,714
14,169
10,349
6,588
4,479
2,704
1,775
971
5,291
25
17
8
195
1,311
1,428
1,129
833
482
351
369
38
6
3
3
11
7
2
3
1,116
7
4
3
48
228
212
189
249
111
139
182
58
28
15
14
9
11
1
9
1,189
127
52
75
300
337
165
115
94
55
39
51
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
46,068
2,915
1,169
1,746
6,212
13,647
11,081
6,967
4,242
2,600
1,642
1,004
1,001
201
142
59
99
159
138
134
153
95
58
117
8,853
163
47
116
659
2,326
2,691
1,785
1,040
627
413
189
36,214
2,551
980
1,571
5,454
11,163
8,252
5,048
3,049
1,878
1,171
698
2,630
22
10
11
123
676
844
494
332
185
146
140
247
6
5
2
4
47
78
67
32
17
15
13
305
34
12
23
32
98
66
49
20
14
6
6
187
1
77
4
1
2
3
13
17
10
25
20
5
6
1
4
28
42
58
36
14
22
19
6
4
31
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
March 1987
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry
Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries .
Professional services..
Public administration
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support
Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers
Service
occupations
Precision
Farming,
Machine
producoperHandlers, forestry,
tion,
Transporators,
equipment
and
craft,
tation
assemcleaners,
fishing
and
and
blers,
helpers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
inspeclaborers
tors
Total
Executive,
emTechniAdminisadminisployed
cians
Profestrative
Private
trative,
Other
and
sional
support, houseSales
and
service1
specialty related
including
hold
manasupport
clerical
gerial
2,932
809
6,817
20,520
12,197
8,323
54
124
879
2,306
1,407
899
62
75
121
1,681
1,138
543
39
24
60
650
463
187
17
9
78
727
295
432
80
96
419
2,495
1,413
1,082
16
1
20
362
204
159
39
276
4,007
3,900
2,735
1,164
3
23
104
6,395
3,534
2,861
27
148
431
759
403
356
14
29
686
1,183
547
635
2,580
3
13
63
59
4
7,671
23,027
4,479
18,548
824
1,866
460
1,405
428
404
77
326
245
83
24
59
293
9,457
1,722
7,735
2,024
2,511
855
1,657
262
4,228
46
4,181
1,261
1,528
335
1,194
110
325
164
161
1,712
933
457
476
503
1,655
318
1,337
9
37
21
16
7,480
35,833
1,138
34,695
23,485
5,139
1,802
4,072
13
4,060
2,212
1,074
203
10,979
9
10,970
9,882
721
150
1,814
3
1,811
1,463
189
1,786
815
2,999
6,125
14
6,111
4,406
1,385
292
7,426
78
7,348
4,328
1,336
124
1,780
11
1,769
402
231
26
718
2
716
185
27
14
481
10
470
307
29
33
350
10
339
103
66
52
336
49
287
73
56
815
124
25
939
939
Includes protective service, not shown separately.
A-26. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries
Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers1
Total
Reason not working and sex
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Paid absences
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Unpaid absences
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
4,272
1,670
1,430
216
26
931
4,413
1,871
1,357
123
19
1,043
4,089
1,630
1,388
170
26
874
4,279
1,827
1,339
90
19
1,003
1,840
1,047
552
1,960
1,182
529
1,719
422
725
242
248
573
1,808
476
689
(2)
(2)
644
Men 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3
2,313
894
761
658
2,208
959
696
553
2,152
864
727
561
2,107
921
684
502
1,014
591
313
110
982
625
287
70
791
177
342
272
817
198
332
287
Women 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3
1,959
776
668
515
2,206
912
661
632
1,937
766
662
510
2,172
906
655
611
827
457
239
132
978
557
242
179
927
245
382
300
990
278
357
356
Total 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
All other reasons
. .
' Excludes private household workers.
' Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
32
3
Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27.
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
March 1987
Thousands of persons
Hours of work
All
industries
Total, 16 years and over
1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours
,
35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours..
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over
Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules
Agriculture
Percent distribution
Nonagricultural
industries
All
industries
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
105,816
2,798
103,018
100.0
100.0
100.0
24,966
808
4,803
12,540
6,815
928
43
214
401
270
24,037
765
4,588
12,139
6,545
23.6
.8
4.5
11.9
6.4
33.2
1.5
7.7
14.3
9.7
23.3
.7
4.5
11.8
6.4
80,850
7,404
42,483
30,963
11,573
11,369
8,021
1,868
121
558
1,189
250
366
573
78.981
7,282
41,925
29,774
11,323
11,003
7,448
76.4
7.0
40.1
29.3
10.9
10.7
7.6
66.8
4.3
20.0
42.5
8.9
13.1
20.5
76.7
7.1
40.7
28.9
11.0
10.7
7.2
39.1
43.7
41.8
49.5
39.0
43.6
A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1987
Nonagricultural industries
All industries
Reason for working less than 35 hours
Total
Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Usually
work
full time
Usually
work
part time
Total
Usually
work
full time
Usually
work
part time
24,966
6,277
18,689
24,037
5,959
18,077
5,232
2,440
70
155
63
2,504
1,689
1,400
70
155
63
3,543
1,040
4,999
2,280
69
152
63
2,434
1,603
1,318
69
152
63
3,396
962
19,735
12,917
1,009
1,600
416
6
36
1,535
2,216
4,590
4,357
1,672
1,535
544
19,038
12,586
999
1,551
300
3
36
1,498
2,064
1,593
1,498
471
22.4
20.5
24.5
26.0
21.4
18.8
22.5
20.5
24.7
26.0
21.4
18.8
1,771
5,044
811
2,367
960
2,677
1,689
4,856
784
2,258
905
2,598
2,504
1,009
1,451
416
6
36
15,145
12,917
149
2,434
999
1,425
300
3
36
14,681
12,586
126
33
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Persons at work in nonagriculturaJ industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1987
Average
hours,
total
at work
Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules
18,451
39.0
43.6
10,770
15,895
38.9
43.2
379
113
188
44.2
45.5
4,564
3,188
562
814
39.5
42.4
611
270
341
18,311
11,125
7,187
11,652
7,036
4,617
3,166
1,842
1,323
3,493
2,247
1,247
42.0
42.6
41.1
43.3
43.5
42.9
221
1,484
101
374
4,856
687
6,447
14,107
5,898
4,213
8,534
4,079
912
2,236
677
1,322
3,337
1,142
41.7
36.5
39.8
43.6
43.8
42.4
30,712
1,090
29,622
4,952
1,518
201
1,317
78
6,243
526
5,717
265
22,951
363
22,588
4,609
15,445
245
15,200
3,410
2,653
29
2,624
452
4,853
89
4,764
747
37.0
24.4
37.5
40.9
43.1
45.8
43.1
42.5
7,461
284
603
19
1,252
104
5,606
161
2,568
90
534
18
2,504
53
40.8
35.1
48.3
45.4
On part
time
for
economic
reasons
On
voluntary
part time
103,018
4,999
14,681
83,338
53,564
11,323
95,273
4,377
13,325
77,571
50,906
727
38
680
5,258
413
281
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
19,448
11,589
7,859
526
194
331
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
7,042
20,447
6,686
Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Industry
Total, 16 years and over
Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
34
Total
at
work
Dn full-time schedules
Total
40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours
or more
or less
hours
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1987
Sex, age, race, and marital status
Total
at
work
On part
time fo^
economic
reasons
On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time
Total
40 hours
or less
41 hours
or more
Average
hours,
total
at work
Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over .
103,018
5,558
2,206
3,353
97,460
12,429
85,031
55,979
26,519
2,534
4,999
402
81
320
4,597
914
3,683
2,461
1,096
125
14,681
3,527
1,931
1,596
11,154
2,156
8,997
5,025
2,786
1,186
83,338
1,629
194
1,437
81,709
9,359
72,351
48,493
22,637
1,223
53,564
1,285
156
1,131
52,279
6,553
45,727
30,057
14,779
896
29,774
344
38
306
29,430
2,806
26,624
18,436
7,858
327
39.0
23.5
16.8
27.9
39.9
36.7
40.4
40.9
40.3
29.0
43.6
40.2
39.4
40.3
43.6
42.1
43.8
43.9
43.6
41.5
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over
56,246
2,716
1,063
1,653
53,530
6,327
47,202
30,807
14,942
1,454
2,300
185
43
142
2,115
447
1,669
1,113
494
62
4,411
1,659
901
758
2,752
906
1,845
680
548
618
49,535
872
119
753
48,663
4,974
43,688
29,014
13,900
774
28,356
676
95
581
27,680
3,170
24,508
15,850
8,127
531
21,179
196
24
172
20,983
1,804
19,180
13,164
5,773
243
42.0
24.6
17.9
28.9
42.9
38.4
43.5
44.2
43.3
31.0
45.0
41.0
40.6
41.1
45.1
43.3
45.3
45.6
45.0
42.3
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over .
46,772
2,842
1,143
1,700
43,930
6,101
37,829
25,172
11,577
1,079
2,697
217
39
179
2,481
467
2,013
1,351
601
63
10,270
1,868
1,030
838
8,403
1,251
7,152
4,345
2,239
568
33,805
757
74
683
33,046
4,383
28,664
19,476
8,737
448
25,210
610
60
549
24,599
3,382
21,217
14,202
6,650
363
8,595
147
14
134
8,447
1,001
7,447
5,274
2,087
85
35.4
22.4
15.9
26.8
36.3
35.0
36.4
36.9
36.4
26.4
41.4
39.2
White, 16 years and over
Men
Women
89,563
49,427
40,137
4,024
1,870
2,154
13,280
3,942
9,338
72,259
43,615
28,645
45,154
24,212
20,943
27,105
19,403
7,702
39.1
42.3
35.3
43.8
45.3
41.5
Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women
10,357
5,186
5,171
821
361
460
1,037
337
700
8,499
4,488
4,011
6,624
3,261
3,364
1,875
1,227
647
37.9
39.5
36.3
41.5
42.4
40.5
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)
36,846
5,514
13,885
1,094
299
908
1,271
272
2,868
34,481
4,943
10,109
19,002
2,815
6,536
15,479
2,128
3,573
43.9
42.4
36.8
45.5
45.0
43.5
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)
26,194
8,989
11,590
1,316
645
738
5,974
1,177
3,119
18,904
7,167
7,733
14,367
5,124
5,719
4,537
2,043
2,014
35.4
37.7
33.7
41.1
42.1
41.4
O
39.4
41.5
40.8
41.6
41.6
41.6
40.2
RACE
MARITAL STATUS
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
35
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1987
Average
hours,
Average
workers
hours,
on full49
total
41 to 48
time
hours
at work
hours
schedor more
ules
On full-time schedules
Occupation and sex
Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support..
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.
36
Total
at
work
On part
time for
economic
reasons
On
voluntary
part
time
Total
40
hours
or less
102,829
4,972
14,667
83,190
53,381
11,326
18,483
39.0
43.6
26,541
12,549
13,992
33,323
3,133
12,721
17,469
14,319
897
1,809
11,613
12,608
16,038
7,423
4,285
4,330
487
190
297
1,303
58
736
509
1,420
152
64
1,204
: 650
j 1,112
• 379
250
483
2,502
644
1,858
6,000
405
2,614
2,980
4,211
460
159
3,592
466
1,489
331
386
772
23,553
11,716
11,837
26,021
2,670
9,370
13,980
8,688
285
1,586
6,817
11,492
13,437
6,713
3,650
3,075
12,771
5,903
6,868
17,847
1,856
4,902
11,088
6,411
191
1,019
5,201
7,362
8,991
4,703
2,016
2,272
3,136
1,572
1,564
3,336
373
1,294
1,669
888
22
238
628
1,908
2,059
1,084
508
467
7,646
4,241
3,405
4,838
441
3,174
1,223
1,389
72
329
988
2,223
2,387
925
1,127
335
42.6
44.7
40.7
37.7
39.7
38.9
36.4
33.2
23.9
41.3
32.7
41.3
39.3
40.4
41.8
35.1
45.5
46.4
44.7
42.7
42.8
45.7
40.6
42.5
45.8
44.5
41.9
43.2
43.0
42.3
45.6
41.4
55,975
2,269
4,353
49,353
28,163
7,262
13,928
42.1
45.1
14,889
7,866
7,023
11,814
1,575
6,709
3,530
5,794
35
1,560
4,200
11,542
11,935
4,436
3,890
3,610
237
117
120
271
22
175
73
387
10
47
330
596
778
173
206
399
671
238
432
1,085
118
594
372
1,210
15
102
1,093
380
1,008
155
232
620
13,981
7,511
6,470
10,459
1,434
5,939
3,085
4,197
10
1,411
2,777
10,566
10,150
4,107
3,452
2,591
6,641
3,275
3,365
5,548
897
2,545
2,106
2,905
4
895
2,006
6,651
6,418
2,656
1,885
1,878
1,782
970
812
1,575
213
857
506
493
1
201
291
1,778
1,634
737
485
412
5,558
3,265
2,293
3,336
324
2,538
474
799
5
315
480
2,137
2,098
715
1,082
301
45.6
46.8
44.2
42.6
42.1
44.5
39.4
36.8
42.5
34.7
41,6
40.1
41.7
42.8
35.3
47.3
48.0
46.4
45.7
44.3
47.7
42.4
43.6
(2)
44.9
43.0
43.4
43.7
43.3
45.7
41.6
46,854
2,703
10,314
33,837
25,218
4,064
4,555
35.4
41.4
11,653
4,684
6,969
21,509
1,558
6,012
13,939
8,525
863
249
7,413
1,066
4,103
2,987
395
720
250
73
177
1,032
36
561
436
1,033
142
17
874
54
335
206
44
85
1,831
406
1,425
4,915
287
2,020
2,608
3,001
445
57
2,499
86
481
176
154
152
9,572
4,205
5,367
15,562
1,236
3,431
10,895
4,490
276
175
4,040
926
3,287
2,605
198
484
6,130
2,627
3,503
12,299
959
2,358
8,983
3,506
187
124
3,195
710
2,573
2,047
131
394
1,354
602
752
1,760
160
437
1,163
394
21
37
337
130
425
347
22
55
2,087
975
1,112
1,503
117
636
749
590
68
14
508
86
289
211
44
35
38.8
41.2
37.2
35.0
37.3
32.8
35.7
30.8
23.8
34.3
31.5
38.3
37.0
38.5
31.7
33.7
43.0
43.5
42.6
40.6
41.1
42.1
40.1
41.4
45.3
41.7
41.1
41.0
40.8
40.7
43.2
40.3
n
I
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
O
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1987
1986
Employment status and sex
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
181,678
118,880
65.4
110,500
60.8
1,693
108,807
3,252
105,555
8,380
7.0
62,798
181,843
118,987
65.4
110,664
60.9
1,695
108,969
3,199
105,770
8,323
7.0
62,856
181,998
119,274
65.5
110,852
60.9
1,687
109,165
3,151
106,014
8,422
7.1
62,724
182,183
119,685
65.7
111,293
61.1
1,680
109,613
3,164
106,449
8,392
7.0
62,498
182,354
119,789
65.7
111,559
61.2
1,672
109,887
3,124
106,763
8,230
6.9
62,565
182,525
119,821
65.6
111,764
61.2
1,697
110,067
3,057
107,010
8,057
6.7
62,704
87,035
66,793
76.7
62,221
71.5
1,540
60,681
4,572
6.8
20,242
87,120
66,770
76.6
62,253
71.5
1,541
60,712
4,517
6.8
20,350
87,195
66,854
76.7
62,201
71.3
1,533
60,668
4,653
7.0
20,341
87,288
66,937
76.7
62,318
71.4
1,525
60,793
4,619
6.9
20,351
87,373
66,968
76.6
62,402
71.4
1,518
60,884
4,566
6.8
20,405
94,643
52,087
55.0
48,279
51.0
153
48,126
3,808
7.3
42,556
94,723
52,217
55.1
48,411
51.1
154
48,257
3,806
7.3
42,506
94,803
52,420
55.3
48,651
51.3
154
48,497
3,769
7.2
42,383
94,895
52,748
55.6
48,975
51.6
155
48,820
3,773
7.2
42,147
94,981
52,821
55.6
49,157
51.8
154
49,003
3,664
6.9
42,160
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
182,713
119,988
65.7
111,703
61.1
1,716
109,987
3,142
106,845
8,285
6.9
62,725
182,935
120,163
65.7
111,941
61.2
1,749
110,192
3,162
107,030
8,222
6.8
62,772
183,114
120,426
65.8
112,183
61.3
1,751
110,432
3,215
107,217
8,243
6.8
62,688
183,297
120,336
65.7
112,387
61.3
1,750
110,637
3,161
107,476
7,949
6.6
62,961
183,575
120,782
65.8
112,759
61.4
1,748
111,011
3,145
107,866
8,023
6.6
62,793
183,738
121,089
65.9
113,122
61.6
1,740
111,382
3,236
108,146
7,967
6.6
62,649
183,915
120,958
65.8
113,104
61.5
1,736
111,368
3,284
108,084
7,854
6.5
62,957
87,460
66,911
76.5
62,483
71.4
1,541
60,942
4,428
6.6
20,549
87,556
67,128
76.7
62,528
71.4
1,560
60,968
4,600
6.9
20,428
87,682
67,130
76.6
62,565
71.4
1,590
60,975
4,565
6.8
20,552
87,773
67,407
76.8
62,833
71.6
1,592
61,241
4,574
6.8
20,366
87,868
67,425
76.7
62,986
71.7
1,593
61,393
4,439
6.6
20,443
88,020
67,672
76.9
63,187
71.8
1,591
61,596
4,484
6.6
20,348
88,099
67,764
76.9
63,335
71.9
1,584
61,751
4,429
6.5
20,335
88,186
67,644
76.7
63,282
71.8
1,575
61,707
4,362
6.4
20,542
95,065
52,910
55.7
49,281
51.8
156
49,125
3,629
6.9
42,155
95,156
52,860
55.6
49,175
51.7
156
49,019
3,685
7.0
42,296
95,253
53,033
55.7
49,376
51.8
159
49,217
3,657
6.9
42,220
95,341
53,019
55.6
49,350
51.8
159
49,191
3,669
6.9
42,322
95,429
52,911
55.4
49,401
51.8
157
49,244
3,510
6.6
42,518
95,556
53,110
55.6
49,572
51.9
157
49,415
3,538
6.7
42,446
95,639
53,325
55.8
49,787
52.1
156
49,631
3,538
6.6
42,314
95,729
53,314
55.7
49,822
52.0
161
49,661
3,492
6.6
42,415
TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1 .
Labor force1
Percent of population2 .
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces .,
Civilian employed ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force .,
Men
Noninstitutional population1 .
Labor force1
Percent of population2 .
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces ..
Civilian employed ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4 . ..
Not in labor force .
Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces ..
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
!
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident
Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
37
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age
1986
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
1987
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec,
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population ..
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
179,985 180,148 180,311 180,503 180,682 180,828 180,997 181,186 181,363 181,547 181,827 181,998 182,179
117,187 117,292 117,587 118,005 118,117 118,124 118,272 118,414 118,675 118,586 119,034 119,349 119,222
65.3
65.1
65.4
65.6
65.4
65.4
65.3
65.4
65.5
65.3
65.1
65.4
65.2
108,807 108,969 109,165 109,613 109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382 111,368
60.9
60.5
61.1
61.2
60.9
60.8
60.9
60.7
61.1
60.8
60.5
60.8
60.5
8,380 8,323 8,422 8,392 8,230 8,057 8,285 8,222 8,243 7,949 8,023 7,967 7,854
6.7
7.1
6.6
6.7
6.9
6.9
6.8
7.1
7.2
7.2
6.7
7.0
7.0
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Not in labor force .
78,236 78,309 78,387 78,484 78,586 78,634 78,722
61,177 61,080 61,158 61,330 61,355 61,219 61,412
78.0
78.1
78.1
78.0
78.0
78.2
77.9
57,388 57,392 57,338 57,522 57,544 57,585 57,607
73.3
73.1
73.2
73.2
73.2
73.3
73.4
2,389 2,319 2,279 2,309 2,275 2,185 2,286
54,999 55,073 55,059 55,213 55,269 55,400 55,321
3,789 3,688 3,820 3,808 3,811 3,634 3,805
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.0
6.2
5.9
17,059 17,229 17,229 17,154 17,231 17,415 17,310
78,802 78,874 78,973
61,409 61,703 61,826
78.2
77.9
78.3
57,595 57,883 58,101
73.6
73.4
73.1
2,297 2,303 2,289
55,298 55,580 55,812
3,814 3,820 3,725
6.2
6.2
6.0
17,393 17,171 17,147
79,132 79,216 79,303
61,948 61,973 61,983
78.2
78.2
78.3
58,227 58,325 58,410
73.7
73.6
73.6
2,254 2,300 2,411
55,974 56,024 55,999
3,720 3,648 3,573
5.8
5.9
6.0
17,184 17,243 17,320
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
87,263 87,355 87,444
48,065 48,181 48,433
55.4
55.2
55.1
44,934 45,094 45,335
51.8
51.6
51.5
604
585
589
44,345 44,509 44,731
3,131 3,087 3,098
6.4
6.4
6.5
39,198 39,174 39,011
87,547
48,739
55.7
45,657
52.2
583
45,074
3,082
6.3
38,808
87,629
48,879
55.8
45,869
52.3
607
45,262
3,010
6.2
38,750
87,689 87,779 87,856 87,933 88,016 88,150
48,950 48,920 49,014 49,043 48,923 49,161
55.7
55.8
55.8
55.8
55.6
55.8
45,956 45,905 46,020 46,067 46,058 46,261
52.4
52.3
52.5
52.3
52.4
52.4
612
614
628
621
675
622
45,334 45,291 45,408 45,392 45,437 45,633
2,994 3,015 2,994 2,976 2,865 2,900
6.1
6.2
5.9
5.9
6.1
6.1
38,739 38,859 38,842 38,890 39,093 38,989
88,237
49,348
55.9
46,475
52.7
641
45,835
2,873
5.8
88,321
49,355
55.9
46,498
52.6
589
45,909
2,857
5.8
38,889 38,966
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force .
14,485 14,484 14,480 14,472 14,467 14,505 14,496 14,527 14,557 14,558 14,545 14,546 14,555
7,945 8,031 7,996 7,936 7,883 7,955 7,940 7,991 7,929 7,837 7,926 8,028 7,884
54.2
54.5
55.2
53.8
54.5
55.0
54.8
55.4
54.8
54.9
54.8
54.5
55.2
6,485 6,483
6,492 6,434 6,474 6,526 6,475 6,577 6,482 6,478 6,524 6,582 6,460
44.4
45.2
44.9
44.5
44.5
45.3
44.7
44.8
45.0
44.8
44.8
44.5
44.8
284
295
264
251
237
253
242
295
250
242
274
272
268
6,188
6,232 6,276 6,233 6,324 6,245 6,227 6,260 6,287 6,176
6,211
6,224 6,162
1,548
1,460
1,502 1,409 1,429 1,465 1,414 1,447 1,359 1,402 1,446 1,424
1,504
18.1
18.0
17.7
17.3
18.2
17.7
18.5
18.0
17.9
19.3
18.9
18.8
18.4
6,619 6,518 6,671
6,540 6,453 6,484 6,536 6,584 6,550 6,556 6,536 6,628 6,721
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
38
population.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
1987
1986
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec,
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
155,005 155,122 155,236 155,376 155,502 155,604 155,723 155,856 155,979 156,111 156,313 156,431 156,561
101,208 101,237 101,531 101,946 102,015 102,122 102,158 102,297 102,455 102,503 102,746 102,893 102,797
65.7
65.8
65.7
65.7
65.7
65.4
65.6
65.6
65.6
65.6
65.6
65.3
65.3
94,955 95,095 95,283 95,720 95,861 96,177 96,000 96,147 96,281 96,533 96,717 96,995 96,998
62.0
62.0
61.9
61.8
61.7
61.7
61.6
61.4
61.6
61.8
61.6
61.3
61.3
6,253 6,142 6,248 6,226 6,154 5,945 6,158 6,150 6,174 5,970 6,029 5,898 5,799
5.7
5.6
5.8
6.0
6.0
5.8
6.1
6.2
6.1
5.9
6.0
6.0
6.2
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
...
Unemployment rate
53,532 53,444 53,532 53,651 53,639 53,583 53,727 53,757 54,015 54,172 54,182 54,175 54,107
78.4
78.4
78.6
78.7
78.7
78.2
78.4
78.4
78.8
78.3
78.5
78.3
78.5
50,615 50,663 50,628 50,762 50,731 50,877 50,845 50,845 51,089 51,286 51,297 51,362 51,364
74.5
74.5
74.4
74.1
74.2
74.1
74.5
74.6
74.3
74.2
74.1
74.2
74.2
2,917 2,781 2,904 2,889 2,908 2,706 2,882 2,912 2,926 2,886 2,885 2,813 2,743
5.1
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.1
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.2
5.3
5.3
5.2
5.4
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
40,826 40,890 41,103 41,424 41,584 41,640 41,547 41,598 41,540 41,514 41,680 41,762 41,828
55.4
55.3
55.2
55.2
55.3
55.1
54.8
55.2
55.2
55.0
55.1
54.5
54.5
38,519 38,651 38,854 39,179 39,368 39,466 39,365 39,431 39,399 39,456 39,568 39,735 39,839
52.2
51.8
52.7
52.4
52.3
52.3
52.3
52.5
52.4
51.5
51.4
52.6
52.3
2,307 2,239 2,249 2,245 2,216 2,174 2,182 2,167 2,141 2,058 2,111 2,028 1,989
5.4
4.9
4.8
5.1
5.2
5.2
5.3
5.2
5.5
5.5
5.7
5.3
5.0
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
6,850
57.8
5,821
49.1
1,029
15.0
15.9
14.1
6,903
58.1
6,896
58.1
5,781
48.7
1,122
16.3
17.1
15.4
5,801
48.8
1,095
15.9
17.0
14.7
6,871
57.9
5,779
48.7
1,092
15.9
17.1
14.6
6,792
57.2
5,762
48.5
1,030
15.2
15.6
14.7
6,899
58.1
5,834
49.1
1,065
15.4
16.6
14.2
6,884
57.9
6,942
58.4
5,790
48.7
5,871
49.4
1,071
15.4
15.7
15.2
1,094
15.9
16.6
15.1
6,900
58.0
5,793
48.7
1,107
16.0
16.3
15.7
6,817
57.3
5,791
48.7
1,026
15.1
15.5
14.6
6,885
57.8
5,852
49.2
1,033
15.0
16.1
13.8
6,955
58.4
5,898
49.5
1,057
15.2
16.0
14.3
6,862
57.5
5,795
48.5
1,067
15.5
17.1
13.9
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
19,889 19,916 19,943 19,974 20,002 20,028 20,056 20,089 20,120 20,152 20,187 20,218 20,249
12,634 12,687 12,721 12,712 12,611 12,553 12,652 12,720 12,719 12,707 12,831 12,957 12,844
63.4
64.1
63.6
63.1
63.2
63.3
63.1
62.7
63.0
63.7
63.5
63.6
63.8
10,770 10,809 10,839 10,818 10,822 10,716 10,799 10,895 10,910 10,968 10,997 11,101 11,053
54.4
54.9
54.5
53.8
54.6
54.2
54.2
53.5
54.1
54.2
54.2
54.3
54.3
1,864 1,878 1,882 1,894 1,789 1,837 1,853 1,825 1,809 1,739 1,833 1,855 1,791
14.3
13.7
14.6
14.3
14.2
14.3
14.6
14.2
13.9
14.9
14.8
14.8
14.8
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
5,924
75.1
5,161
65.4
763
12.9
5,948
75.3
5,157
65.3
791
13.3
5,939
75.0
5,170
65.3
769
12.9
5,885
74.2
5,110
64.5
775
13.2
5,906
74.4
5,932
74.6
5,149
65.5
753
12.8
5,904
75.0
5,149
65.4
755
12.8
5,116
64.5
790
13.4
5,153
64.8
779
13.1
5,799
58.6
5,084
51.4
715
12.3
5,853
59.1
5,120
51.7
733
12.5
5,876
59.2
5,848
58.8
5,107
51.4
741
12.7
5,848
58.8
5,141
51.6
707
12.1
5,841
58.6
5,872
58.8
5,145
51.5
727
12.4
5,909
59.1
5,902
75.1
5,934
74.5
5,171
65.0
763
12.9
5,947
74.5
5,244
65.7
703
11.8
5,986
74.9
5,256
65.7
730
12.2
6,012
75.1
5,288
66.0
724
12.0
5,997
74.8
5,305
66.1
692
11.5
5,943
59.3
5,200
51.9
743
12.5
5,907
58.9
5,984
59.6
5,221
52.0
763
12.8
6,030
59.9
5,987
59.4
5,255
52.2
775
12.9
5,211
51.7
776
13.0
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
5,130
51.7
746
12.7
5,112
51.3
729
12.5
5,178
51.8
731
12.4
5,182
51.7
725
12.3
See footnotes at end of table.
39
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
1986
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
1987
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
BLACK-Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population ..
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Men
Women ..
933
43.7
537
25.2
396
42.4
42.6
42.2
930
43.5
540
25.3
390
41.9
41.2
42.7
921
43.2
548
25.7
373
40.5
40.5
. 40.5
916
42.9
554
26.0
362
39.5
39.7
39.4
827
38.8
494
23.1
333
40.3
38.8
41.9
824
38.7
511
24.0
313
38.0
40.5
35.0
874
40.9
538
25.2
336
38.4
38.6
38.3
879
41.1
564
26.3
315
35.8
37.8
33.8
842
39.3
539
25.1
303
36.0
35.0
37.0
853
39.8
542
25.3
311
36.5
36.1
36.9
860
40.1
520
24.2
340
39.5
36.5
43.2
915
42.6
559
26.0
356
38.9
38.3
39.5
861
40.0
537
24.9
324
37.6
36.5
38.8
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population ..
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ..
12,219
7,926
64.9
7,095
58.1
831
10.5
12,255 12,290 12,326 12,362 12,397 12,432 12,469 12,505 12,540 12,653 12,692 12,732
7,969 8,006 8,085 8,121 8,130 8,179 8,200 8,226 8,320 8,431 8,457 8,392
65.0
65.1
65.6
65.7
65.6
65.8
65.8
65.8
66.3
66.6
66.6
65.9
7,129
7,136
7,224 7,269 7,248 7,286 7,345 7,437 7,446 7,538 7,644 7,639
58.2
58.1
58.6
58.8
58.5
58.6
58.9
59.5
59.4
59.6
60.2
60.0
840
870!
852
861
882
893
855
789
874
893
813
753
10.5
10.9
10.6
10.5
10.8
10.9
10.4
9.6
10.5
10.6
9.6
9.0
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
' Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987
1986
Category
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
CHARACTERISTIC
108,807 108,969 109,165 109,613 109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382 111,368
39,396 39,504 39,582 39,613 39,634 39,735 39,691 39,780 39,952 40,093 40,102 39,913 40,100
26,761 26,889 27,016 27,354 27,474 27,388 27,249 27,323 27,333 27,400 27,525 27,817 27,965
6,041
6,005
5,985
5,906
5,926
6,016
5,933
5,832
5,734
5,812
5,719
5,799
5,754
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF
WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers ..
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers ..
Government
Private industries
Private households ..
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers .
1,655
1,450
169
97,661
16,160
81,501
1,227
..-....80,274
7,713
...
243
1,647
1,454
126
1,739
1,418
150
97,858 98,047 98,314 98,312 98,586 98,692 98,846 98,869 99,164 99,550 99,748
16,231 16,333 16,377 16,582 16,446 16,333 16,264 16,457 16,443 16,412 16,532
81,627 81,714 81,937 81,730 82,140 82,359 82,582 82,412 82,721 83,138 83,216
1,229
1,216
1,183
1,189
1,269
1,204
1,247
1,241
1,267
1,261
1,309
80,318 80,453 80,670 80,489 80,893 81,130 81,366 81,229 81,532 81,869 82,012
8,187
8,192
8,179
8,056
7,939
7,993
7,956
8,019
7,832
7,634
7,793
271
275
252
239
246
255
265
258
235
236
251
99,834
16,568
83,265
1,227
82,038
8,050
273
1,539
1,467
173
1,489
1,472
177
1,508
1,492
163
1,504
1,434
171
1,509
1,387
174
1,521
1,460
159
1,562
1,451
164
1,582
1,425
198
1,621
1,400
152
1,650
1,370
136
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work .
Voluntary part time ..
5,548
2,352
2,908
13,778
5,853
2,534
2,922
13,900
5,825
2,605
2,843
13,853
5,538
2,437
2,813
14,142
5,442
2,473
2,661
13,967
5,471
2,417
2,741
13,981
5,544
2,472
2,772
13,922
5,740
2,481
2,826
14,178
5,563
2,510
2,714
14,021
5,596
2,444
2,867
13,877
5,505
2,473
2,695
14,170
5,780
2,535
2,828
14,061
5,456
2,440
2,698
14,167
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work .
Voluntary part time ..
5,295
2,160
2,819
13,351
5,567
2,382
2,806
13,528
5,569
2,485
2,749
13,412
5,322
2,307
2,727
13,613
5,222
2,317
2,609
13,578
5,269
2,283
2,678
13,606
5,303
2,314
2,710
13,520
5,450
2,314
2,739
13,736
5,319
2,366
2,626
13,567
5,342
2,286
2,765
13,455
5,201
2,281
2,599
13,750
5,459
2,340
2,742
13,597
5,164
2,218
2,595
13,682
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey
40
period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
Mar.
Total, 16 years and over . .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over ..
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ...
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 years and over ..
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
1987
1986
Sex and age
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
108,807 108,969 109,165 109,613 109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382 111,368
20,418
6,485
2,652
3,877
13,933
88,422
74,164
14,230
20,298
6,483
2,619
3,842
13,815
88,650
74,398
14,266
20,211
6,492
2,612
3,873
13,719
88,916
74,464
14,352
20,250
6,434
2,611
3,821
13,816
89,387
74,894
14,501
20,268
6,474
2,605
3,830
13,794
89,730
75,207
14,447
20,281
6,526
2,593
3,903
13,755
89,792
75,405
14,445
20,163
6,475
2,670
3,804
13,688
89,796
75,582
14,269
20,263
6,577
2,714
3,877
13,686
89,899
75,714
14,223
20,201
6,482
2,648
3,843
13,719
90,221
75,889
14,341
20,093
6,478
2,717
3,771
13,615
90,524
76,247
14,349
20,237
6,524
2,713
3,816
13,713
90,725
76,281
14,450
20,293
6,582
2,727
3,844
13,711
91,104
76,680
14,363
20,113
6,460
2,688
3,809
13,652
91,290
76,844
14,426
60,681 60,712 60,668 60,793 60,884 60,942 60,968 60,975 61,241 61,393 61,596 61,751 61,707
10,661 10,576 10,496 10,509 10,590 10,567 10,528 10,587 10,546 10,449 10,526 10,608 10,452
3,293 3,320 3,330 3,271 3,340 3,357 3,361 3,380 3,358 3,292 3,369 3,426 3,297
1,355
1,356
1,367
1,350
1,357
1,325
1,399
1,391
1,353
1,373
1,425
1,355
1,395
1,942
1,960
1,960
1,970 2,005 1,965 2,003 2,009
1,923
1,933
1,974 2,000 1,945
7,368 7,256 7,166 7,238 7,250 7,210 7,167 7,207 7,188 7,157 7,156 7,182 7,155
50,057 50,142 50,152 50,267 50,321 50,393 50,419 50,348 50,705 50,943 51,053 51,207 51,278
41,626 41,720 41,637 41,853 41,884 42,050 42,124 42,049 42,278 42,485 42,569 42,702 42,729
8,411 8,426 8,462 8,441 8,402 8,357 8,323 8,329 8,428 8,507 8,458 8,470 8,546
48,126 48,257 48,497 48,820 49,003 49,125 49,019 49,217 49,191 49,244 49,415 49,631 49,661
9,757 9,722 9,715 9,741 9,678 9,714 9,635 9,676 9,655 9,644 9,711 9,685 9,661
3,192 3,163 3,162 3,163 3,134 3,169 3,114 3,197 3,124 3,186 3,154 3,155 3,163
1,297
1,263
1,245
1,261
1,248
1,268
1,271
1,323
1,295
1,344
1,318
1,302
1,333
1,935
1,882
1,913
1,860
1,898
1,898
1,839
1,874
1,834
1,838
1,842
1,844
1,864
6,559
6,544
6,565
6,553 6,578
6,545 6,521 6,479 6,531 6,458 6,557 6,529 6,498
38,365 38,508 38,764 39,120 39,409 39,399 39,377 39,551 39,516 39,581 39,672 39,897 40,012
32,538 32,678 32,827 33,041 33,323 33,355 33,458 33,665 33,611 33,762 33,712 33,978 34,116
5,819 5,840 5,890 6,060 6,045 6,088 5,946 5,894 5,913 5,842 5,992 5,893 5,879
A-37. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987
1986
Sex and age
Total, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949
8,023
7,967
7,854
3,001
1,429
641
787
1,572
5,087
4,525
561
3,173
1,465
668
790
1,708
5,130
4,523
587
3,022
1,414
647
766
1,608
5,197
4,597
603
3,005
1,447
686
768
1,558
5,230
4,630
571
2,986
1,359
629
737
1,627
4,961
4,422
527
3,045
1,402
683
735
1,643
5,024
4,552
477
3,049
1,446
693
765
1,603
4,912
4,459
452
2,969
1,424
670
753
1,545
4,872
4,363
509
4,566
4,428
4,600
4,565
4,574
4,439
4,484
4,429
4,362
1,699
811
337
463
888
2,885
2,551
363
1,660
755
345
395
905
2,896
2,548
350
1,625
794
350
441
831
2,835
2,471
356
1,761
795
373
416
966
2,857
2,472
364
1,615
751
344
409
864
2,945
2,558
385
1,635
754
366
388
881
2,931
2,568
361
1,623
714
325
395
909
2,809
2,462
351
1,626
764
380
401
862
2,901
2,578
310
1,673
781
383
410
892
2,760
2,461
293
1,589
789
344
444
800
2,758
2,435
316
3,769
3,773
3,664
3,629
3,685
3,657
3,669
3,510
3,538
3,538
3,492
1,464
671
317
352
793
2,306
2,098
212
1,458
691
344
350
767
2,327
2,126
206
1,411
654
297
345
757
2,252
2,036
224
1,376
635
291
346
741
2,252
2,054
205
1,412
670
295
374
742
2,273
2,051
223
1,407
663
303
357
744
2,252
2,039
218
1,370
693
320
380
677
2,299
2,062
210
1,363
645
304
342
718
2,152
•1,960
176
1,419
638
303
334
781
2,124
1,974
167
1,375
665
310
355
710
2,152
1,998
158
1,380
635
326
309
745
2,113
1,928
193
July
Aug.
8,392
8,230
8,057
3,242
1,504
686
816
1,738
5,161
4,634
556
3,157
1,502
681
813
1,655
5,212
4,677
569
3,071
1,409
642
740
1,662
5,148
4,584
574
4,517
4,653
4,619
1,694
783
349
434
911
2,867
2,494
364
1,757
829
363
467
928
2,758
2,420
348
1,778
833
369
464
945
2,855
2,536
344
3,808
3,806
1,431
677
304
374
754
2,372
2,121
259
1,461
719
323
401
742
2,339
2,101
228
Mar.
Apr.
May
8,380
8,323
8,422
3,125
1,460
653
808
1,665
5,239
4,615
623
3,218
1,548
686
868
1,670
5,097
4,521
576
4,572
June
Sept.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1987
1986
Sex and age
Total, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
7.2
7.1
7.2
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.6
13.3
18.4
19.8
17.2
10.7
5.6
5.9
4.2
13.7
19.3
20.8
18.4
10.8
5.4
5.7
3.9
13.8
18.8
20.8
17.4
11.2
5.5
5.9
3.7
13.5
18.9
20.7
17.5
10.7
5.5
5.9
3.8
13.2
17.9
19.8
16.2
10.8
5.4
5.7
3.8
12.9
18.0
19.8
16.8
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.7
13.6
18.5
20.0
17.2
11.1
5.4
5.6
4.0
13.0
17.7
19.3
16.5
10.5
5.5
5.7
4.1
12.9
18.2
20.6
16.7
10.2
5.5
5.8
3.8
12.9
17.3
18.8
16.3
10.7
5.2
5.5
3.5
13.1
17.7
20.1
16.2
10.7
5.2
5.6
3.2
13.1
18.0
20.3
16.6
10.5
5.1
5.5
3.0
12.9
18.1
20.0
16.5
10.2
5.1
5.4
3.4
7.0
6.9
7.1
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.7
6.8
6.7
6.6
13.7
19.2
20.5
18.3
11.0
5.4
5.7
4.1
14.2
20.0
21.1
19.2
11.3
5.2
5.5
4.0
14.5
20.0
21.3
19.1
11.7
5.4
5.7
3.9
13.9
19.9
20.0
19.4
10.9
5.4
5.7
4.1
13.6
18.4
.20.3
16.7
11.1
5.4
5.7
4,0
13.3
19.1
20.9
18.0
10.3
5.3
5.6
4.1
14.3
19.1
21.0
17.5
11.9
5.4
5.5
4.2
13.2
18.2
19.8
17.0
10.7
5.5
5.7
4.4
13.4
18.3
21.3
16.2
10.9
5.5
5.7
4.1
13.4
17.8
19.1
17.0
11.3
5.2
5.5
4.0
13.4
18.5
21.4
16.9
10.7
5.4
5.7
3.5
13.6
18.6
21.2
17.0
11.1
5.1
5.4
3.3
13.2
19.3
20.2
18.6
10.1
5.1
5.4
3.6
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.2
7.0
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.6
12.8
17.5
19.0
16.2
10.3
5.8
6.1
4.3
13.1
18.5
20.4
17.6
10.2
5.7
6.0
3.8
13.1
17.5
20.3
15.5
10.8
5.6
6.0
3.5
13.0
17.9
21.4
15.6
10.4
5.6
6.0
3.3
12.7
17.3
19.2
15.6
10.4
5.4
5.8
3.6
12.4
16.7
18.7
15.4
10.2
5.4
5.8
3.3
12.8
17.7
18.8
16.9
10.2
5.5
5.8
3.6
12.7
17.2
18.6
16.0
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.6
12.4
18.2
19.8
17.2
9.4
5.5
5.8
3.4
12.4
16.8
18.4
15.7
10.0
5.2
5.5
2.9
12.7
16.8
18.7
15.3
10.6
5.1
5.5
2.7
12.4
17.4
19.2
16.1
9.8
5.1
5.6
2.6
12.5
16.7
19.7
14.2
10.3
5.0
5.4
3.2
A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1986
1987
Category
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug. Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
7.2
6.2
6.5
18.4
7.1
6.0
6.4
19.3
7.2
6.2
6.4
18.8
7.1
6.2
6.3
18.9
7.0
6.2
6.2
17.9
6.8
5.9
6.1
18.0
7.0
6.2
6.2
18.5
6.9
6.2
6.1
17.7
6.9
6.2
6.1
18.2
6.7
6.0
5.9
17.3
6.7
6.0
5.9
17.7
6.7
5.9
5.8
18.0
6.6
5.8
5.8
18.1
6.2
13.4
14.8
10.5
6.1
13.5
14.8
10.5
6.2
13.5
14.8
10.9
6.1
13.5
14.9
10.6
6.0
12.7
14.2
10.5
5.8
13.1
14.6
10.8
6.0
13.1
14.6
10.9
6.0
12.7
14.3
10.4
6.0
12.7
14.2
9.6
5.8
12.3
13.7
10.5
5.9
12.6
14.3
10.6
5.7
12.8
14.3
9.6
5.6
12.5
13.9
9.0
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present.
Women who maintain families ..
4.5
5.5
10.1
4.2
5.3
9.5
4.4
5.3
10.1
4.5
5.2
10.0
4.4
5.2
9.5
4.2
5.1
10.1
4.3
5.1
9.8
4.6
5.0
8.9
4.5
5.0
9.7
4.3
4.8
9.8
4.2
4.8
9.8
4.2
4.8
9.5
4.1
4.5
9.7
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1 .
Labor force time lost2
6.8
9.1
1.9
8.1
6.7
9.4
1.8
8.1
6.9
9.1
1.9
8.2
6.7
9.1
1.9
8.1
6.6
9.2
1.9
7.8
6.4
9.3
1.9
7.7
6.6
9.3
2.0
7.9
6.6
9.2
1.8
7.8
6.6
9.1
1.9
7.7
6.3
8.8
1.8
7.6
6.4
9.0
1.8
7.6
6.3
8.7
1.8
7.6
6.2
9.2
1.7
7.4
7.1
10.5
13.0
7.2
6.9
7.6
5.8
7.7
5.6
12.1
7.1
12.4
12.3
6.9
6.9
6.9
5.5
7.9
5.8
13.4
7.2
13.6
13.0
7.4
7.3
7.5
5.3
7.9
5.5
15.3
7.1
17.3
12.4
7.2
7.0
7.5
5.4
7.7
5.5
13.2
7.1
16.6
13.0
6.9
6.7
7.2
5.5
7.8
5.7
11.4
6.9
16.6
12.4
6.9
6.8
6.9
4.8
7.5
5.6
13.3
7.0
13.9
12.9
7.0
6.5
7.7
4.7
7.6
5.6
12.9
7.0
14.5
13.8
7.3
7.2
7.3
5.2
7.4
5.4
11.9
7.0
14.5
15.1
7.1
6.6
7.9
4.4
7.2
5.4
10.1
6.8
14.1
13.7
6.9
6.4
7.7
4.6
7.2
5.1
11.5
6.7
14.0
12.2
6.8
6.8
6.8
4.8
7.5
5.2
11.6
6.6
12.4
11.6
6.8
6.8
6.9
4.0
7.2
5.4
11.2
6.5
9.3
12.5
6.9
6.7
7.3
4.6
7.3
4.9
10.7
CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers) ..
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over ..
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .. .
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin
.
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
• Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time
42
for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1986
Weeks of unemployment
1987
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
3,536
2,625
2,243
1,078
1,165
3,565
2,650
2,130
982
1,148
3,610
2,671
2,232
1,065
1,167
3,415
2,650
2,299
1,038
1,261
3,399
2,521
2,250
1,058
1,192
3,436
2,407
2,272
1,068
1,204
3,415
2,524
2,373
1,110
1,263
3,418
2,563
2,168
950
1,218
3,382
2,613
2,217
1,045
1,172
3,355
2,389
2,171
1,023
1,148
3,416
2,530
2,200
1,022
1,178
3,361
2,477
2,131
1,008
1,123
3,383
2,447
2,050
945
1,105
14.6
6.8
14.7
6.6
14.8
6.8
15.2
7.2
15.1
7.1
15.6
7.1
15.5
7.1
15.2
7.0
14.8
7.0
15.0
7.1
15.0
7.0
14.6
6.6
14.9
6.6
100.0
42.1
31.2
26.7
12.8
13.9
100.0
42.7
31.8
25.5
11.8
13.8
100.0
42.4
31.4
26.2
12.5
13.7
100.0
40.8
31.7
27.5
12.4
15.1
100.0
41.6
30.9
27.5
12.9
14.6
100.0
42.3
29.7
28.0
13.2
14.8
100.0
41.1
30.4
28.5
13.4
15.2
100.0
41.9
31.5
26.6
11.7
14.9
100.0
41.2
31.8
27.0
12.7
14.3
100.0
42.4
30.2
27.4
12.9
14.5
100.0
41.9
31.1
27.0
12.5
14.5
100.0
42.2
31.1
26.7
12.7
14.1
100.0
42.9
31.1
26.0
12.0
14.0
DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over . ..
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over..
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks ..
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over..
...
A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1987
1986
Reasons for unemployment
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
4,210
1,144
3,066
989
2,196
1 006
4,035
1,057
2,978
1,071
2,188
1,048
4,214
1,118
3,096
979
2,200
1,046
4,272
1,074
3,198
1,009
2,107
1,050
4,063
1,078
2,985
1,025
2,205
989
3,824
1,017
2,807
990
2,199
1,014
4,044
1,029
3,015
1,041
2,145
1,038
3,984
1,072
2,912
1,027
2,190
972
3,947
1,073
2,874
1,056
2,119
1,076
3,890
1,078
2,812
1,036
2,019
1,015
3,971
1,118
2,854
891
2,054
1,084
3,839
998
2,842
1,046
2,042
1,040
3,822
1,011
2,811
1,000
2,111
956
100.0
50.1
13 6
36.5
11.8
26 1
12.0
100.0
48.4
12.7
35.7
12.8
26.2
12.6
100.0
49.9
13.2
36.7
11.6
26.1
12.4
100.0
50.6
12.7
37.9
12.0
25.0
12.4
100.0
49.1
13.0
36.0
12.4
26.6
11.9
100.0
47.6
12.7
35.0
12.3
27.4
12.6
100.0
48.9
12.4
36.5
12.6
25.9
12.6
100.0
48.7
13.1
35.6
12.6
26.8
11.9
100.0
48.1
13.1
35.1
12.9
25.8
13.1
100.0
48.9
13.5
35.3
13.0
25.4
12.8
100.0
49.6
14.0
35.7
11.1
25.7
13.6
100.0
48.2
12.5
35.7
13.1
25.6
13.1
100.0
48.4
12.8
35.6
12.7
26.8
12.1
3.6
.8
1.9
.9
3.4
.9
1.9
.9
3.6
.8
1.9
.9
3.6
.9
1.8
.9
3.4
.9
1.9
.8
3.2
.8
1.9
.9
3.4
.9
1.8
.9
3.4
.9
1.8
.8
3.3
.9
1.8
.9
3.3
.9
1.7
.9
3.3
.7
1.7
.9
3.2
.9
1.7
.9
3.2
.8
1.8
.8
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers .
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
..
Reentrants
New entrants
.
...
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants ..
New entrants
43
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-42. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1984
1985
1986
1987
Employment status and sex
IV
IV
IV
TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
177,364
114,226
64.4
105,358
59.4
1,685
103,673
3,300
100,373
8,868
7.8
63,138
177,816
115,209
64.8
106,737
60.0
1,691
105,046
3,345
101,701
8,472
7.4
62,607
178,305
115,514
64.8
107,069
60.0
1,710
105,359
3,331
102,029
8,445
7.3
62,791
178,834
115,960
64.8
107,638
60.2
1,701
105,938
3,323
102,615
8,321
7.2
62,874
179,222
116,728
65.1
108,321
60.4
1,700
106,620
3,312
103,308
8,407
7.2
62,494
179,649
116,878
65.1
108,531
60.4
1,703
106,828
3,250
103,578
8,347
7.1
62,771
180,135
117,188
65.1
108,914
60.5
1,721
107,193
3,094
104,100
8,274
7.1
62,947
180,641 181,517 182,008 182,530 183,115 183,743
117,887 118,699 119,315 119,866 120,308 120,943
65.7
65.7
65.8
65.4
65.6
65.3
109,673 110,444 110,936 111,675 112,170 112,995
61.3
61.2
60.8
61.0
61.5
60.7
1,700 1,692 1,687 1,695 1,750 1,741
107,973 108,752 109,249 109,980 110,420 111,254
3,093 3,212 3,171 3,108 3,179 3,222
104,880 105,540 106,078 106,873 107,241 108,032
8,214 8,256 8,379 8,191 8,138 7,948
6.8
6.8
7.0
7.0
6.6
7.0
62,754 62,817 62,693 62,664 62,807 62,800
I
Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
84,812 85,026 85,263 85,523 85,6^5 85,899 86,133 86,376 86,957 87,201 87,463 87,775 88,101
65,007 65,292 65,487 65,709 65,774 65,887 65,998 66,220 66,732 66,854 67,002 67,321 67,693
76.7
76.8
76.8
76.6
76.8
76.8
76.7
76.6
76.7
76.6
76.7
76.7
76.8
60,008 60,584 60,838 61,143 61,202 61,353 61,511 61,742 62,252 62,257 62,471 62,795 63,268
71.3
71.4
71.4
71.5
71.4
71.4
70.8
71.5
71.4
71.4
71.8
71.6
71.5
1,541 1,546 1,562 1,553 1,552 1,554 1,569 1,551
1,539 1,533 1,540 1,592 1,583
58,466 59,038 59,276 59,590 59,650 59,799 59,942 60,191 60,712 60,724 60,931 61,203 61,685
4,999 4,707 4,649 4,566 4,572 4,535 4,486 4,479 4,480 4,596 4,531 4,526 4,425
6.9
7.0
7.7
7.2
6.9
7.1
6.7
6.8
6.5
6.8
6.7
6.9
6.8
19,806 19,734 19,776 19,814 19,921 20,011 20,136 20,155 20,225 20,347 20,460 20,454 20,408
Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
92,552
49,219
53.2
45,351
49.0
144
45,207
3,869
92,790 93,043 93,311
49,918 50,027 50,251
53.9
53.8
53.8
46,153 46,232 46,495
49.8
49.7
49.7
148
148
145
46,008 46,083 46,348
3,765 3,796 3,756
7.9
7.5
7.5
7.6
43,333 42,872 43,016 43,060
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
1
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident
44
93,527 93,751 94,000 94,265
50,954 50,991 51,190 51,667
54.4
54.5
54.8
54.5
47,119 47,179 47,403 47,931
50.3
50.4
50.8
50.4
149
149
151
148
46,971 47,029 47,251 47,782
3,835 3,812 3,787 3,736
7.5
7.2
7.4
7.5
42,573 42,761 42,810 42,598
94,560 94,807 95,067 95,341 95,642
51,967 52,462 52,864 52,988 53,250
55.6
55.7
55.6
55.0
55.3
48,192 48,679 49,204 49,376 49,727
52.0
51.8
51.8
51.0
51.3
158
155
154
158
152
48,040 48,525 49,049 49,217 49,569
3,775 3,783 3,659 3,612 3,523
6.8
6.6
6.9
7.3
7.2
42,593 42,346 42,204 42,354 42,392
Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-42 through A-53 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-43. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1985
1984
Employment status,
sex, and age
IV
1987
1986
IV
IV
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
175,679 176,125 176,595 177,133 177,522 177,946 178,414 178,941 179,825 180,321 180,835 181,365 182,002
112,541 113,518 113,804 114,259 115,028 115,175 115,467 116,187 117,008 117,628 118,171 118,558 119,202
65.2
65.4
65.5
64.9
64.7
64.8
64.5
64.5
65.1
65.3
64.7
64.4
64.1
103,673 105,046 105,359 105,938 106,620 106,828 107,193 107,973 108,752 109,249 109,980 110,420 111,254
60.6
60.9
60.3
60.1
59.8
59.6
61.1
59.7
60.5
60.8
60.0
60.1
59.0
8,868 8,472 8,445 8,321 8,407 8,347 8,274 8,214 8,256 8,379 8,191 8,138 7,948
7.1
6.9
7.1
7.3
7.3
7.5
6.7
7.1
7.2
7.4
7.9
6.9
7.2
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
76,074
59,586
78.3
55,681
73.2
2,426
53,256
3,904
6.6
16,488
76,356
59,835
78.4
55,984
73.3
2,434
53,550
3,851
6.4
16,521
85,273
45,927
53.9
42,861
50.3
614
42,247
3,066
3,155
6.7
7.0
39,697 39,346
85,586
46,049
53.8
42,941
50.2
591
42,350
75,786
59,307
78.3
55,154
72.8
2,382
52,772
4,153
7.0
16,479
77,571 78,169 78,393
60,580 61,137 61,189
78.2
78.1
78.1
56,929 57,428 57,417
73.2
73.4
73.5
2,228 2,330 2,302
54,701 55,098 55,115
3,651 3,710 3,772
6.0
6.1
6.1
6.2
16,994 16,991 17,032 17,204
76,660 76,831 77,064
60,014 60,012 60,194
78.1
78.1
78.3
56,249 56,247 56,439
73.2
73.4
73.2
2,433 2,364 2,314
53,8^6 53,883 54,125
3,765 3,765 3,756
6.3
6.3
6.2
16,646 16,819 16,870
77,313
60,319
78.0
56,645
73.3
2,223
54,422
3,675
86,094
46,955
54.5
43,803
50.9
603
43,200
3,152
6.7
39,139
86,651
47,305
54.6
44,155
51.0
578
43,577
3,151
6.7
39,346
78,647
61,329
78.0
57,579
73.2
2,249
55,330
3,750
78,883 79,217
61,646
78.1
57,860
73.3
2,296
55,563
3,786
6.1
6.1
17,318 17,237
61,968
78.2
58,320
73.6
2,322
55,999
3,647
5.9
17,249
87,187 87,449 87,699 87,935
47,990 48,451 48,916 48,993
55.0
55.4
55.8
55.7
44,902 45,362 45,910 46,048
51.5
51.9
52.3
52.4
619
591
614
636
44,283 44,771 45,296 45,412
3,088 3,089 3,006 2,945
6.4
6.4
6.1
6.0
39,197 38,998 38,783 38,942
88,236
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
84,962
45,265
53.3
42,110
49.6
597
41,513
85,895
46,348
54.0
43,243
50.3
577
42,666
3,105
3,107
6.7
6.7
39,537 39,547
86,377
47,138
54.6
43,976
50.9
607
43,368
3,162
6.7
39,239
86,900
47,726
54.9
44,668
51.4
598
44,070
3,058
6.4
39,174
49,288
55.9
46,411
52.6
619
45,792
2,877
5.8
38,948
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Not in labor force
14,931 14,778 14,653 14,577 14,597 14,506 14,450 14,470 14,469 14,479 14,489 14,547 14,548
7,969 8,005 7,921 7,898 8,061 7,843 7,842 7,881 7,880 7,988 7,926 7,919 7,946
55.2
54.7
54.4
54.6
54.5
54.1
54.5
54.3
55.2
54.2
54.1
53.4
54.2
6,410 6,503 6,434 6,446 6,570 6,414 6,394 6,376 6,422 6,470 6,492 6,512 6,522
44.4
44.7
44.8
44.8
44.8
44.1
44.2
44.2
45.0
44.2
43.9
44.0
42.9
281
263
278
245
247
346
266
329
293
313
305
306
321
6,088 6,198 6,128 6,133 6,225 6,085 6,101 6,110 6,159 6,191 6,247 6,265 6,241
1,559 1,502 1,487 1,451 1,490 1,429 1,448 1,505 1,458 1,518 1,434 1,407 1,424
18.5
19.0
18.1
17.9
19.1
18.2
18.5
18.5
17.8
18.4
18.8
19.6
18.8
6,962 6,773 6,732 6,679 6,536 6,663 6,608 6,589 6,589 6,491 6,563 6,628 6,602
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
45
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-44. Employment status of the civii^n noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1984
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
1985
1987
1986
IV
IV
IV
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
152,101 152,234 152,386 152,666 153,196 153,491 153,825 154,204 154,893 155,245 155,609 155,982 156,435
97,986 98,626 98,492 98,812 99,595 99,684 99,888 100,536 101,126 101,571 102,098 102,418 102,812
64.4
65.7
65.7
64.9
65.0
64.7
64.6
65.6
65.4
64.9
64.8
65.3
65.2
91,324 92,293 92,257 92,608 93,331 93,435 93,705 94,472 94,945 95,366 96,013 96,320 96,903
61.9
61.7
60.9
60.7
60.5
60.6
60.0
61.8
61.4
60.9
61.3
61.3
60.9
5,909
6,098
6,086
6,248
6,265
6,333 6,235 6,204
6,662
6,205
6,182
6,183
6,063
5.7
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.4
6.8
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.1
6.0
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
52,235 52,422 52,495 52,606 52,679 52,838 52,917 53,145 53,543 53,542 53,650 53,981 54,155
78.5
78.7
78.6
78.4
78.5
78.8
78.8
78.7
78.6
78.4
78.6
78.6
78.3
49,043 49,467 49,612 49,725 49,814 49,964 50,082 50,390 50,703 50,684 50,818 51,073 51,341
74.2
74.2
74.4
74.4
74.3
73.9
74.5
74.4
74.2
74.2
74.4
74.5
74.2
2,882
2,865 2,874
2,955 2,883
3,192
2,814
2,840 2,858 2,832 2,908
2,835 2,754
5.4
85.4
5.5
5.5
5.6
6.1
5.2
5.4
5.2
5.4
5.3
5.3
5.3
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
38,705 39,174 39,127 39,337 39,939 40,042 40,203 40,565 40,767 41,139 41,590 41,551 41,757
53.9
53.3
53.9
53.1
53.3
52.7
55.2
55.1
55.3
54.8
54.4
54.3
54.0
36,413 36,923 36,862 37,083 37,625 37,725 37,909 38,354 38,473 38,895 39,400 39,429 39,714
50.8
50.8
50.2
50.2
52.4
51.4
50.0
49.6
52.5
52.3
51.8
51.4
50.9
2,317
2,254
2,313
2,043
2,122
2,294 2,244 2,191
2,211
2,294
2,265
2,251
2,292
5.7
5.7
5.8
5.8
5.7
4.9
5.1
5.3
5.5
5.6
5.5
5.8
5.9
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
7,046
57.2
5,867
47.6
1,178
16.7
17.6
15.8
7,030
57.8
5,903
48.5
1,127
16.0
16.6
15.4
6,871
56.9
5,783
47.9
1,088
15.8
16.8
14.8
6,869
57.1
5,801
48.3
1,068
15.5
16.4
14.6
6,978
58.3
5,891
49.2
1,087
15.6
16.4
14.7
6,804
57.2
5,746
48.3
1,057
15.5
16.1
14.9
6,768
57.0
5,714
48.2
1,054
15.6
16.7
14.3
6,826
57.5
5,728
48.3
1,098
16.1
17.0
15.1
6,817
57.5
5,769
48.6
1,048
15.4
15.8
14.9
6,890
58.0
5,787
48.7
1,103
16.0
17.0
14.9
6,858
57.7
5,795
48.8
1,063
15.5
16.3
14.6
6,886
57.9
5,818
48.9
1,068
15.5
15.8
15.2
6,901
57.9
5,848
49.1
1,052
15.2
16.4
14.0
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
19,222 19,303 19,387 19,481 19,543 19,620 19,701 19,790 19,863 19,945 20,028 20,120 20,218
11,827 11,916 12,135 12,251 12,308 12,307 12,369 12,473 12,589 12,707 12,605 12,715 12,877
63.7
63.2
62.9
63.7
63.4
63.0
62.7
62.8
63.0
62.9
62.6
61.7
61.5
9,847 10,017 10,210 10,403 10,398 10,469 10,544 10,592 10,732 10,822 10,779 10,924 11,051
54.7
54.3
53.8
54.3
54.0
53.4
53.5
53.5
53.4
53.2
52.7
51.2
51.9
1,827
1,791
1,826
1,885
1,857
1,838
1,881
1,824
1,848
1,910
1,925
1,899
1,980
14.2
14.1
14.5
14.8
14.7
15.1
14.7
14.9
15.5
15.1
15.9
15.9
16.7
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
5,662
75.2
4,812
63.9
850
15.0
5,633
74.4
4,797
63.3
836
14.8
5,706
74.9
4,883
64.1
823
14.4
5,738
74.8
4,995
65.1
744
13.0
5,717
74.5
4,941
64.4
776
13.6
5,714
74.1
4,964
64.4
751
13.1
5,766
74.4
5,040
65.0
726
12.6
5,795
74.4
5,022
64.4
773
13.3
5,886
75.0
5,123
65.3
763
13.0
5,925
75.1
5,156
65.4
770
13.0
5,910
74.6
5,132
64.8
778
13.2
5,938
74.6
5,189
65.2
748
12.6
5,998
74.9
5,283
66.0
715
11.9
5,381
56.6
4,606
48.4
775
14.4
5,477
57.3
4,751
49.7
726
13.3
5,568
57.9
4,830
50.2
738
13.3
5,654
58.5
4,906
50.7
748
13.2
5,695
58.7
4,934
50.9
761
13.4
5,720
58.7
4,975
51.0
745
13.0
5,714
58.3
4,959
50.6
755
13.2
5,779
58.7
5,042
51.2
736
12.7
5,788
58.6
5,073
51.4
715
12.4
5,859
59.1
5,119
51.6
740
12.6
5,854
58.7
5,133
51.5
721
12.3
5,920
59.1
5,187
51.8
733
12.4
6,000
59.6
5,229
52.0
771
12.9
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
46
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-44. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
1984
1985
1987
1986
IV
IV
IV
BLACK-Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
785
35.9
429
19.6
356
45.4
45.2
45.6
805
37.1
468
21.6
337
41.9
41.5
42.3
861
40.0
497
23.1
364
42.3
41.5
43.1
859
40.2
503
23.5
356
41.5
42.9
39.9
896
41.2
523
24.1
373
41.6
41.8
41.4
873
40.4
531
24.5
342
39.2
40.0
38.3
888
41.2
545
25.3
343
38.6
39.7
37.3
900
41.9
528
24.6
372
41.3
42.4
40.2
915
42.8
537
25.1
378
41.3
41.1
41.6
922
43.2
547
25.6
375
40.7
40.5
40.9
842
39.4
514
24.1
327
38.9
39.3
38.4
858
40.1
548
25.6
310
36.1
36.3
35.9
879
40.9
539
25.1
340
38.7
37.1
40.4
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
11,311 11,423 11,533 11,643 11,753 11,862 11,969 12,075 12,184 12,290 12,397 12,504 12,692
8,020 8,143
7,623 7,787 7,802 7,881
7,572
7,503 7,612
7,282 7,394
8,249 8,427
64.4
65.4
65.1
64.7
64.4
66.4
66.0
65.7
65.3
65.1
64.3
64.7
64.6
6,797
6,474 6,590 6,716
6,816
6,813
7,607
7,268 7,409
6,968 6,960 7,027 7,163
57.8
58.2
57.7
57.2
58.6
58.3
57.7
58.2
57.5
58.5
59.9
59.3
57.6
776
787
804
857
807
799
808
839
876
819
820
855
842
10.7
10.6
10.2
10.5
10.5
10.9
11.1
10.8
10.5
9.7
10.2
10.8
10.8
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
47
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-45. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1984
Full- and part- time status, sex,
and age
1985
1987
1986
IV
IV
IV
EMPLOYED
86,488
53,065
51,580
33,454
32,408
2,500
87,461
53,526
52,083
33,947
32,857
2,522
89,786
54,545
53,181
35,218
34,194
2,411
90,892
54,757
53,367
36,154
35,122
2,402
91,276
54,925
53,585
36,388
35,378
2,313
92,020
55,383
54,036
36.58Q
35,538
2,447
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over....
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
85,189
52,360
50,930
32,857
31,805
2,454
Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over....
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
18,448 18,518 18,376 18,490 18,590 18,372 18,736 18,767 18,957 19,102 19,027 19,187 19,234
6,077 5,987 5,952 6,067 6,018 5,956 6,082 6,056 6,137 6,215 6,178 6,299 6,258
4,202 4,119 4,085 4,166 4,114 4,089 4,163 4,183 4,247 4,291 4,186 4,277 4,288
12,368 12,513 12,441 12,441 12,562 12,395 12,664 12,729 12,814 12,869 12,856 12,910 12,971
10,323 10,419 10,381 10,422 10,496 10,405 10,637 10,662 10,717 10,786 10,744 10,733 10,891
4,097 4,177 4,055
3,902 3,980 3,878 3,937 3,922 3,993 4,025
3,923 3,980 3,910
86,967
53,336
51,888
33,638
32,543
2,537
88,040
53,580
52,127
34,418
33,327
2,586
88,461
53,855
52,362
34,591
33,535
2,564
88,422
53,869
52,461
34,564
33,492
2,469
89,252
54,151
52,749
35,118
34,059
2,444
90,131
54,518
53,136
35,615
34,541
2,454
UNEMPLOYED
Looking for full-time work ....
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
7,374
4,375
3,898
2,996
2,628
849
6,975
4,110
3,654
2,894
2,524
797
6,942
4,074
3,616
2,878
2,534
792
6,887
3,999
3,520
2,905
2,543
825
6,896
3,942
3,529
2,901
2,568
799
6,783
3,940
3,503
2,870
2,554
726
6,778 6,705
3,924 3,889
3,446 3,427
2,874 2,834
2,550 . 2,476
802
782
6,759
3,863
3,484
2,844
2,519
755
6,827
3,990
3,525
2,858
2,529
772
6,647
3,901
3,495
2,755
2,435
717
6,609
3,907
3,535
2,717
2,388
685
6,432
3,770
3,392
2,605
2,325
716
Looking for part-time work ..
Men, 16 years and over......
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
1,490
633
256
867
523
711
1,484
622
252
868
538
694
1,519
582
235
925
580
704
1,431
574
245
857
561
626
1,510
590
236
925
581
693
1,555
618
252
939
611
692
1,511
578
230
921
603
678
1,503
598
226
911
577
700
1,495
578
225
919
565
706
1,544
624
244
926
564
736
1,559
636
251
904
579
728
1,520
619
253
915
551
715
1,521
618
257
902
550
715
NOTE: Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at
work part time are distributed according to whether they usually work full
48
or part time; unemployed persons are classified according to whether
they are seeking full- or part-time jobs.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-46. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1984
1986
1985
Category
III
IV
I
II
1987
IV
IV
CHARACTERISTIC
103,673 105,046 105,359 105,938 106,620 106,828 107,193 107,973 108,752 109,249 109,980 110,420 111,254
38,778 39,016 39,165 39,271 39,392 39,163 39,139 39,307 39,439 39,566 39,687 39,942 40,038
25,178 25,696 25,717 25,928 26,090 26,134 26,375 26,718 26,759 27,086 27,370 27,352 27,769
5,371 5,549 5,528 5,418 5,561 5,639 5,601 5,590 5,727 5,751 5,857 6,021 5,942
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF
WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME
1,497
1,592
212
1,566
1,554
1,546
1,563
219
92,230
15,700
76,529
1,205
75,325
7,832
336
93,503
15,759
77,744
1,305
76,439
1,581
1,507
225
1,579
1,472
189
1,484
1,445
175
1,514
1,415
165
1,603
214
1,603
1,517
209
93,912
15,757
78,154
1,200
76,954
7,843 7,749
322
340
94,591
15,860
78,732
1,243
77,489
7,706
341
95,262
15,921
79,341
1,297
78,044
7,778
328
95,517
15,974
79,543
1,223
78,320
7,751
297
95,968
16,042
79,926
1,266
78,660
7,780
280
96,747
16,182
80,566
1,211
79,354
7,920
251
1,459
1,512
1,477
1,511
1,427
1,588
1,425
164
171
168
171
97,638
16,216
81,422
1,227
80,195
7,706
258
98,073
16,314
81,759
1,279
80,480
7,753
98,530
16,454
82,076
1,239
80,837
7,971
98,960
16,388
82,572
1,196
81,376
8,076
241
268
1,679
1,414
137
99,710
16,504
83,207
1,233
81,973
8,143
258
252
1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
5,706 5,673 5,722 5,581 5,646 5,635 5,493 5,515 5,739 5,486 5,633 5,580
2,387 2,544 2,444 2,539 2,444 2,298 2,371 2,525 2,454 2,478 2,483
2,301
2,833 2,881 2,834 2,859 2,725 2,802 2,740
3,035 2,870 2,842 2,795 2,771
13,009 13,317 13,148 13,191 13,449 13,299 13,566 13,653 13,818 13,965 13,957 14,025 14,133
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
5,645 5,457 5,440 5,498 5,319 5,370 5,369 5,271 5,269 5,486 5,265 5,370 5,275
2,340 2,169 2,241 2,400 2,270 2,360 2,290 2,174 2,211 2,391 2,305 2,322 2,280
2,986 2,944 2,794 2,768 2,709 2,693 2,735 2,784 2,753 2,761 2,666 2,710 2,645
12,532 12,848 12,691 12,731 12,984 12,836 13,129 13,212 13,364 13,518 13,568 13,586 13,676
5,864
2,472
3,076
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey
period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.
49
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-47. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1984
1985
1986
1987
Sex and age
IV
Total, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over . .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
IV
103,673 105,046 105,359 105,938 106,620 106,828 107,193 107,973 108,752 109,249 109,980 110,420 111,254
20,499
6,410
2,339
4,080
14,090
83,184
68,899
14,266
20,806
6,503
2,409
4,088
14,302
84,230
69,990
14,228
20,609
6,434
2,414
4,012
14,175
84,756
70,547
14,222
20,699
6,446
2,459
3,985
14,252
85,228
71,054
14,198
20,635
6,570
2,546
4,020
14,065
85,994
71,630
14,340
20,417
6,414
2,455
3,954
14,003
86,402
72,100
14,281
20,325
6,394
2,491
3,896
13,931
86,888
72,671
14,222
20,309
6,376
2,484
3,900
13,933
87,652
73,388
14,303
20,385
6,422
2,562
3,882
13,963
88,371
74,109
14,232
20,253
6,470
2,614
3,845
13,783
88,984
74,585
14,373
20,237
6,492
2,623
3,846
13,746
89,773
75,398
14,387
20,186
6,512
2,693
3,830
13,673
90,215
75,950
14,304
20,214
6,522
2,709
3,823
13,692
91,040
76,602
14,413
58,466 59,038 59,276 59,590 59,650 59,799 59,942 60,191 60,712 60,724 60,931 61,203 61,685
10,827 11,009 10,833 10,912 10,773 10,725 10,621 10,567 10,679 10,527 10,562 10,527 10,528
3,341
3,292
3,313 3,357
3,403 3,360 3,297
3,353 3,343 3,364
3,285 3,307
3,262
1,283
1,234
1,235
1,225
1,316
1,292
1,295
1,358
1,392
1,372
1,360
1,319
1,298
2,089 2,119 2,050 2,056 2,069 2,071 2,005
1,948
1,972
1,973
1,982
1,980
1,976
7,652 7,541
7,514
7,571
7,364 7,323 7,304
7,370
7,164
7,209 7,184
7,394 7,220
47,654 48,026 48,441 48,666 48,891 49,067 49,327 49,613 50,050 50,187 50,378 50,665 51,179
39,203 39,646 40,037 40,314 40,413 40,628 40,882 41,176 41,623 41,737 42,019 42,271 42,667
8,436 8,376 8,410 8,367 8,458 8,432 8,442 8,462 8,407 8,443 8,361
8,421
8,491
45,207 46,008 46,083 46,348 46,971 47,029 47,251 47,782 48,040 48,525 49,049 49,217 49,569
9,786 9,862
9,673 9,796 9,776
9,704
9,692
9,707 9,726
9,742
9,658 9,686
9,676
3,097 3,146 3,142 3,105 3,168 3,054 3,097 3,114 3,138 3,163 3,139 3,169 3,158
1,174
1,229
1,176
1,180
1,115
1,198
1,160
1,256
1,244
1,185
1,318
1,321
1,262
1,969
1,951
1,929
1,963
1,991
1,891
1,884
1,898
1,929
1,850
1,849
1,866
1,906
6,681 6,695 6,638 6,608 6,628 6,569 6,563 6,537
6,634
6,576 6,650
6,489 6,528
35,530 36,204 36,315 36,561 37,103 37,335 37,561 38,039 38,322 38,797 39,395 39,549 39,860
29,696 30,344 30,511 30,739 31,217 31,472 31,789 32,212 32,486 32,849 33,379 33,679 33,935
5,830 5,882 5,848 5,780 5,841
5,830 5,852 5,811
5,826 5,930 6,026 5,883 5,922
A-48. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1984
1986
1985
1987
Sex and age
IV
Total, 16 years and over . .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over . .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
50
8,868
8,472
8,445
8,321
8,407
8,347
8,274
8,214
8,256
8,379
8,191
8,138
7,948
3,478
1,559
676
891
1,919
5,397
4,727
671
3,336
1,502
643
859
1,834
5,132
4,469
673
3,311
1,487
645
828
1,825
5,128
4,482
654
3,222
1,451
618
838
1,771
5,102
4,427
652
3,261
1,490
666
832
1,771
5,153
4,551
604
3,186
1,429
657
771
1,757
5,147
4,527
637
3,159
1,448
639
797
1,710
5,119
4,502
625
3,216
1,505
685
825
1,711
4,999
4,401
577
3,129
1,458
672
795
1,671
5,133
4,521
612
3,206
1,518
684
832
1,688
5,157
4,611
567
3,082
1,434
650
772
1,647
5,122
4,544
574
3,004
1,407
654
757
1,598
5,129
4,550
567
3,021
1,424
682
751
1,597
4,936
4,458
479
4,999
4,707
4,649
4,566
4,572
4,535
4,486
4,479
4,480
4,596
4,531
4,526
4,425
1,919
846
362
489
1,073
3,090
2,663
418
1,817
803
354
449
1,014
2,882
2,493
405
1,825
798
341
447
1,027
2,827
2,414
409
1,772
801
334
469
971
2,789
2,389
395
1,780
807
363
451
974
2,803
2,438
357
1,744
779
371
406
965
2,773
2,419
374
1,727
812
352
451
915
2,768
2,402
364
1,746
827
368
462
919
2,728
2,373
352
1,662
771
363
416
891
2,828
2,460
361
1,745
824
356
465
920
2,833
2,502
352
1,682
781
356
417
901
2,863
2,497
357
1,624
740
345
397
885
2,895
2,529
366
1,629
778
369
418
851
2,806
2,491
307
3,869
3,765
3,796
3,756
3,835
3,812
3,787
3,736
3,775
3,783
3,659
3,612
3,523
1,560
714
314
401
846
2,307
2,065
253
1,518
699
288
410
819
2,250
1,976
268
1,486
688
304
381
798
2,301
2,068
246
1,451
651
284
368
800
2,312
2,038
257
1,481
684
303
381
797
2,350
2,113
247
1,442
650
285
365
792
2,374
2,108
263
1,432
637
288
346
795
2,352
2,100
261
1,470
678
317
363
792
2,271
2,028
225
1,467
687
309
378
780
2,304
2,061
251
1,461
694
328
368
767
2,324
2,108
215
1,400
653
294
355
747
2,259
2,047
217
1,380
667
309
360
713
2,234
2,020
201
1,391
646
313
333
745
2,130
1,967
173
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-49. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1984
Sex and age
Total, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over ..
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .
Men, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 years and over ..
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .
Women, 16 years and over..
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years ....
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
I
III
IV
7.9
7.5
7.4
7.3
14.5
19.6
22.4
17.9
12.0
6.1
6.4
4.5
13.8
18.8
21.1
17.4
11.4
5.7
6.0
4.5
13.8
18.8
21.1
17.1
11.4
5.7
6.0
4.4
7.9
7.4
15.1
20.3
22.8
19.0
12.5
6.1
6.4
4.7
1987
1986
1985
II
i
II
III
IV
7.3
7.2
7.2
7.1
13.5
18.4
20.1
17.4
11.1
5.6
5.9
4.4
13.6
18.5
20.7
17.2
11.2
5.7
6.0
4.0
13.5
18.2
21.1
16.3
11.1
5.6
5.9
4.3
13.5
18.5
20.4
17.0
10.9
5.6
5.8
4.2
7.3
7.1
7.1
7.0
14.2
19.3
22.3
17.5
11.7
5.7
5.9
4.6
14.4
19.5
21.7
17.9
12.0
5.5
5.7
4.6
14.0
19.3
20.7
18.6
11.4
5.4
5.6
4.5
14.2
19.2
21.6
17.9
11.7
5.4
5.7
4.1
7.9
7.6
7.6
7.5
13.9
18.7
22.0
16.8
11.4
6.1
6.5
4.2
13.4
18.2
19.7
17.2
11.0
5.9
6.1
4.4
13.2
18.0
20.5
16.3
10.7
6.0
6.3
4.1
12.9
17.3
19.5
16.0
10.7
5.9
6.2
4.2
i
II
III
IV
7.1
7.1
6.9
6.9
6.7
13.7
19.1
21.6
17.5
10.9
5.4
5.7
3.9
13.3
18.5
20.8
17.0
10.7
5.5
5.7
4.1
13.7
19.0
20.7
17.8
10.9
5.5
5.8
3.8
13.2
18.1
19.9
16.7
10.7
5.4
5.7
3.8
13.0
17.8
19.5
16.5
10.5
5.4
5.7
3.8
13.0
17.9
20.1
16.4
10.4
5.1
5.5
3.2
7.0
6.9
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7
14.0
18.8
22.3
16.4
11.6
5.3
5.6
4.2
14.0
19.8
"21.4
18.4
11.1
5.3
5.5
4.1
14.2
20.2
22.1
19.0
11.2
5.2
5.4
4.0
13.5
19.0
21.6
17.4
10.8
5.3
5.6
4.1
14.2
20.0
20.8
19.3
11.3
5.3
5.7
4.0
13.7
18.9
20.7
17.4
11.1
5.4
5.6
4.1
13.4
18.1
20.1
16.7
11.0
5.4
5.6
4.2
13.4
18.8
21.0
17.5
10.6
5.2
5.5
3.5
7.5
7.5
7.4
7.3
7.3
7.2
6.9
6.8
6.6
13.1
17.8
19.8
16.4
10.6
6.0
6.3
4.0
12.9
17.6
19.7
16.2
10.7
6.0
6.3
4.3
12.9
17.1
19.4
15.5
10.7
5.9
6.2
4.3
13.1
17.9
21.1
15.8
10.7
5.6
5.9
3.7
13.1
18.0
19.9
16.6
10.6
5.7
6.0
4.1
13.1
18.0
20.7
16.2
10.5
5.7
6.0
3.5
12.6
17.2
18.9
16.0
10.3
5.4
5.8
3.5
12.5
17.4
19.0
16.3
9.9
5.3
5.7
3.3
12.6
17.0
19.2
15.2
10.2
5.1
5.5
2.8
A-50. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1987
1986
1985
1984
Category
T
CHARACTERISTIC
7.9
7.0
7.0
19.6
7.5
6.6
6.7
18.8
7.4
6.4
6.7
18.8
7.3
6.3
6.7
18.4
7.3
6.3
6.7
18.5
7.2
6.2
6.7
7.2
6.1
6.7
7.1
6.0
6.4
7.1
6.1
6.4
7.1
6.2
6.4
6.9
6.1
6.1
6.9
6.1
6.0
18.2
18.5
19.1
18.5
19.0
18.1
17.8
White
Black and other ..
Black
Hispanic origin ..
6.8
15.3
16.7
11.1
6.4
14.3
15.9
10.9
6.3
14.3
15.9
10.5
6.3
13.7
15.1
10.5
6.3
14.1
15.5
10.2
6.3
6.2
6.0
6.1
6.1
6.0
6.0
13.5
14.9
10.6
13.3
14.7
10.5
13.7
15.1
10.8
13.3
14.7
10.8
13.5
14.8
10.7
13.0
14.5
10.8
12.6
14.1
10.2
5.7
12.7
14.2
9.7
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present...
Women who maintain families .
4.8
5.9
4.6
5.7
10.0
4.5
5.8
9.9
4.5
5.6
10.5
4.4
5.6
10.4
4.3
5.8
4.3
5.6
4.3
5.4
4.4
5.4
10.8
10.4
10.7
10.1
10.0
4.4
5.3
9.9
4.3
5.1
9.8
4.5
4.9
9.5
4.2
4.7
9.7
Full-time workers ...
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1 .
Labor force time lost2 .
7.6
9.4
2.7
9.0
7.2
9.3
2.5
8.6
7.1
9.5
2.3
8.4
7.0
9.0
2.1
8.4
7.0
9.3
2.1
8.2
6.8
9.7
2.0
8.2
6.8
9.3
2.0
8.1
6.7
9.1
1.9
7.9
6.7
9.0
1.9
8.0
6.8
9.2
1.9
8.1
6.6
9.2
1.9
7.8
6.5
9.0
1.8
7.7
6.3
9.0
.1.8
7.5
7.8
11.4
14.5
7.3
8.5
14.9
7.4
7.2
7.6
5.4
8.0
5.7
13.1
7.3
9.1
14.2
7.4
6.8
8.2
5.8
7.8
5.8
7.3
11.0
13.7
7.2
7.0
7.5
5.3
7.7
7.3
13.5
Total (all civilian workers) ..
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over ..
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..
6.7
5.9
5.8
17.9
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers ..
1
7.9
7.8
7.9
5.6
8.4
6.3
14.8
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
- Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time
7.0
7.1
7.0
6.9
13.1
10.2
12.9
14.5
12.5
15.7
12.8
14.4
14.2
6.6
12.0
12.1
7.5
7.4
7.6
5.2
7.7
5.4
7.2
7.1
7.3
5.2
7.6
5.6
7.2
7.1
7.3
5.4
7.9
5.6
6.9
6.7
7.3
5.0
7.6
5.6
7.1
6.7
7.6
4.7
7.3
5.3
6.9
6.8
7.0
4.4
7.3
5.1
12.3
12.4
14.0
12.5
11.2
11.2
10.7
13.3
7.2
9.4
7.2
9.2
7.1
8.6
12.7
13.5
5.9
7.7
7.4
8.0
5.1
7.7
5.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
5.2
7.5
5.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
5.1
7.7
5.5
12.6
14.0
12.5
13.4
for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.
51
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-51. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1984
1986
1985
Weeks of unemployment
IV
1987
IV
IV
DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
3,326
2,523
3,046
1,155
1,890
3,264
2,370
2,781
1,112
1,669
3,422
2,467
2,597
1,075
1,522
3,402
2,431
2,449
1,036
1,413
3,561
2,517
2,365
1,020
1,345
3,502
2,510
2,325
1,037
1,288
3,486
2,517
2,281
1,036
1,245
3,444
2,494
2,231
998
1,233
3,481
2,582
2,231
1,074
1,156
3,530
2,657
2,220
1,028
1,192
3,417
2,484
2,298
1,079
,1,220
3,385
2,522
2,185
1,006
1,179
3,386
2,485
2,127
992
1,135
19.5
8.6
18.6
8.3
17.4
7.4
16.8
7.2
16.0
7.0
15.7
6.8
15.4
7.0
15.4
6.9
14.9
6.8
14.9
6.9
15.4
7.1
15.0
7.0
14.8
6.8
100.0
37.4
28.4
34.2
13.0
21.3
100.0
38.8
28.2
33.1
13.2
19.8
100.0
40.3
29.1
30.6
12.7
17.9
100.0
100.0
42.2
41.1
29.8
29.4
28.0
29.6
12.1
12.5
17.1 | 15.9
I
100.0
42.0
30.1
27.9
12.4
15.4
100.0
42.1
30.4
27.5
12.5
15.0
100.0
42.2
30.5
27.3
12.2
15.1
100.0
42.0
31.1
26.9
13.0
13.9
100.0
42.0
31.6
26.4
12.2
14.2
100.0
41.7
30.3
28.0
13.2
14.9
100.0
41.8
31.2
27.0
12.4
14.6
100.0
42.3
31.1
26.6
12.4
14.2
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
A-52. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1984
1987
1986
1985
Reasons for unemployment
IV
I
II
III
IV
4,295
4,722
4,375
1,164
1,157
1,235
3,487 3,219
3,131
844
786
799
2,227
2,146
2,183
1 162 1 150 1,094
4,228
1,109
3,119
862
2,192
1,037
4,225
1,178
3,047
858
2,258
1,055
4,082
1,136
2,947
893
2,306
1,060
4,194
1,155
3,040
878
2,233
997
4,043
1,154
2,889
883
2,228
1,047
II
III
II
III
IV
•
4,053
1,141
2,912
984
2,181
1,036
4,174
1,083
3,091
1,020
2,165
1,048
3,977
1,041
2,936
1,019
2,183
1,014
3,940
1,074
2,866
1,040
2,109
1,021
3,877
1,042
2,835
979
2,069
1,027
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers ..
Reentrants
Nevv entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
.
....
100.0
53 3
13.9
39.4
8.9
24 7
13.1
100.0
51 7
13.7
38.0
9.4
25 3
13.6
100.0
50.8
13.8
37.0
10.0
26.3
12.9
100.0
50.8
13.3
37.5
10.4
26.3
12.5
100.0
50.3
14.0
36.3
10.2
26.9
12.6
100.0
48.9
13.6
35.3
10.7
27.6
12.7
100.0
50.5
13.9
36.6
10.6
26.9
12.0
100.0
49.3
14.1
35.2
10.8
27.2
12.8
100.0
49.1
13.8
35.3
11.9
26.4
12.6
100.0
49.6
12.9
36.8
12.1
25.8
12.5
100.0
48.5
12.7
35.8
12.4
26.6
12.4
100.0
48.6
13.2
35.3
12.8
26.0
12.6
100.0
48.8
13.1
35.7
12.3
26.0
12.9
4.2
.7
1.9
1.0
3.9
.7
1.9
1.0
3.8
.7
2.0
1.0
3.7
.8
1.9
.9
3.7
.7
2.0
.9
3.5
.8
2.0
.9
3.6
.8
1.9
.9
3.5
.8
1.9
.9
3.5
.8
1.9
.9
3.5
.9
1.8
.9
3.4
.9
1.8
.9
3.3
.9
1.8
.9
3.3
.8
1.7
.9
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
52
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-53.
Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and race, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1984
1985
Reason, sex, and race
1986
IV
IV
TOTAL
Total not in labor force ..
Do not want a job now .
Current activity:
Going to school .. ..
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities ...
Think cannot get a job
Job-market factors .. .
Personal factors
Other reasons'
Men
Total not in labor force .. .
Do not want a job now ..
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1
63,138 62,607 62,791 62,874 62,494 62,771 62,947 62,754 62,817 62,693 62,664 62,807 62,800
56,801 56,450 57,241 56,774 56,766 56,889 56,830 56,744 57,193 56,838 56,865 57,013 57,094
6,667 6,469 6,902 6,357 6,292 6,208 6,310 6,316 6,249 6,513 6,189 6,330 6,428
4,024 4,083 4,049 3,843 4,042 3,833 3,836 3,969 4,189 4,040 4,087 3,928 4,152
28,450 27,897 28,018 27,861 27,399 27,271 27,028 26,839 26,796 26,487 26,176 26,000 26,290
13,478 13,670 13,687 14,255 14,354 14,714 15,131 15,234 15,133 15,326 15,885 16,069 15,768
4,182 4,331 4,585 4,458 4,679 4,863 4,525 4,386 4,826 4,471 4,528 4,686 4,456
6,254
6,018
5,917
6,041
5,880
5,808
6,020
5,961
5,789
5,882
5,980
5,808
5,823
1,536
744
1,483
1,348
937
411
1,626
822
1,219
1,300
947
353
1,051
1,478
809
1,449
1,211
867
344
969
1,483
819
1,347
1,272
928
344
1,120
1,446
763
1,231
1,253
858
395
1,186
1,460
813
1,265
1,170
822
348
1,100
1,417
780
1,395
1,230
813
417
1,197
1,483
854
1,360
1,158
792
365
1,107
1,416
835
1,365
1,107
765
343
1,065
1,379
898
1,311
1,119
761
358
1,175
1,578
903
1,203
1,150
736
414
1,145
1,427
746
1,347
1,127
851
277
1,160
1,342
842
1,222
1,168
756
412
1,249
1,142
19,806
19,734 19,776 19,814 19,921 20,011 20,136 20,155 20,225 20,347 20,460 20,454 20,408
17,656 17,640 17,895 17,801 18,059 17,972 18,093 18,143 18,350 18,441 18,382 18,454 18,434
2,072
2,034
1,918
1,986
1,936
2,006
2,003
1,995
1,940
1,948
2,087
2,026
2,005
814
363
500
395
803
362
503
365
717
383
475
343
744
386
476
380
692
362
507
375
732
348
513
414
667
361
499
477
709
401
492
393
726
364
438
412
667
471j
392
418
824
438
425
399
680
359
497
490
652
396
490
467
Women
Total not in labor force ..
43,333 42,872 43,016 43,060 42,573 42,761 42,810 42,598 42,593 42,346 42,204 42,354 42,392
Do not want a job now .
39,145 38,810 39,346 38,973 38,707 38,917 38,737 38,601 38,843 38,396 38,482 38,559 38,660
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities...
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons
White
Total not in labor force .
Do not want a job now .
4,182
3,984
3,999
4,055
3,943
3,802
4,016
3,966
3,849
3,933
3,893
3,782
3,818
722
381
1,483
848
748
823
459
1,219
797
686
761
426
1,449
736
626
740
433
1,347
795
740
754
401
1,231
746
811
728
465
1,265
658
686
749
420
1,395
731
721
774
453
1,360
666
713
690
471
1,365
669
653
711
426
1,311
727
757
754
465
1,203
725
746
747
387
1,347
630
670
690
447
1,222
678
782
54,115 53,608 53,894 53,854 53,601 53,807 53,937 53,668 53,767 53,674 53,511 53,564 53,623
49,594 49,341 49,593 49,514 49,219 49,641 49,426 49,317 49,506 49,387 49,208 49,367 49,450
4,472
4,255
4,212
4,367
4,373
4,245
4,430
4,382
4,265
4,352
4,298
4,217
4,195
1,088
560
1,071
900
853
1,120
561
882
829
862
1,014
587
1,063
774
774
1,042
592
1,027
781
926
1,054
551
942
878
948
1,010
560
1,003
764
908
1,026
588
1,036
790
990
1,052
604
1,009
808
910
994
625
1,020
749
876
975
618
1,032
741
985
1,065
625
898
780
931
975
536
975
817
914
933
611
907
800
944
7,395
7,387
7,252
7,230
7,235
7,313
7,332
7,317
7,274
7,238
7,423
7,405
7,341
Do not want a job now .
5,854
5,859
5,772
5,748
5,901
5,934
5,948
5,930
5,947
5,937
6,027
6,020
5,945
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities....
Think cannot get a job .
Other reasons1
1,585
1,531
1,446
1,485
1,354
1,383
1,332
1,397
1,353
1,299
1,425
1,423
1,436
400
181
349
409
246
428
214
296
418
175
354
214
337
368
174
374
209
282
459
160
369
215
253
351
166
398
211
264
355
156
319
191
301
350
171
348
235
295
345
174
386
211
287
321
147
333
220
270
296
180
460
248
263
275
179
381
192
318
291
241
353
229
287
342
224
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities ...
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1
Black
Total not in labor force .
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of
"home responsibilities."
53
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-54. Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Age
Total
Reason and sex
1986
I
1987
20 to 24
years
16 to 19
years
60 years
and over
25 to 59
years
1986
I
1987
1986
1987
1986
I
1987
1986
1987
TOTAL
Total not in labor force .
Do not want a job now .
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities....
Think cannot get a job .
Job-market factors
Personal factors
Other reasons1
64,003
63,994
7,297
7,313
4,510
4,256
21,634
21,350
30,562
31,075
58,080
58,063
5,905
6,020
3,544
3,421
18,616
18,236
30,014
30,384
7,879
4,205
26,697
15,192
4,107
8,098
4,187
26,168
15,828
3,783
5,237
37
5,358
40
1,679
118
1,700
109
1,239
280
331
1,355
373
934
1,989
12,755
360
2,578
29
2,061
12,307
14,833
784
12
2,080
12,195
15,379
718
351
1,026
1,960
12,402
448
2,400
291
392
834
3,017
3,110
547
692
1,294
1,016
13
72
110
60
49
83
966
220
36
250
169
121
50
159
239
537
937
731
535
197
573
311
562
864
708
527
180
665
5
176
31
166
89
77
169
12
192
38
229
97
132
221
5,924
5,932
1,648
797
1,366
1,149
815
334
964
1,557
804
1,225
1,217
805
411
1,129
1,392
1,138
19
85
79
49
28
71
20,994
21,181
3,600
3,574
1,524
1,499
4,110
4,111
11,760
11,997
18,971
19,114
2,912
2,942
1,182
1,193
3,377
3,302
11,502
11,674
4,010
2,185
363
10,042
2,370
4,166
2,127
398
10,319
2,104
2,692
28
7
2,769
26
909
57
16
909
59
22
200
203
402
1,108
126
293
1,448
481
1,087
132
339
1,263
11
991
213
9,750
537
5
956
236
9,979
498
266
65
314
172
140
32
149
Men
Total not in labor force .
Do not want a job now .
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
8
185
139
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1
2,023
2,068
689
343
304
732
807
260
319
162
33
74
74
122
23
93
66
96
234
246
156
117
257
241
192
4
80
82
94
4
93
94
131
856
347
448
372
767
377
501
422
593
2
47
47
632
525
3
72
32
Total not in labor force .
43,010
42,813
3,697
3,739
2,986
2,757
17,524
17,239
18,802
19,078
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
39,109
38,949
2,994
3,080
2,362
2,226
15,239
14,934
18,514
18,708
3,867
2,020
26,334
5,151
1,736
3,932
2,059
25,770
5,509
1,679
2,546
10
2,590
14
771
59
789
50
272
324
1,339
1,218
534
879
12,628
68
1,130
545
872
12,271
109
1,137
17
1,071
12,094
5,083
249
6
1,124
11,959
5,399
220
166
152
193
169
3,901
3,864
2,287
2,304
289
369
703
545
16
85
32
25
660
490
10
72
37
51
626
529
98
12
250
76
93
142
305
937
486
417
194
305
864
468
473
1
97
31
84
76
8
99
38
134
90
Women
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities....
Think cannot get a job .
Other reasons
792
450
1,366
701
593
790
427
1,225
716
707
H
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of
"home responsibilities."
NOTE: Detail in tables A-54 and A-55 may not add to not-in-labor-
54
104
33
314
100
75
force totals because of differences in the weighting patterns used in
aggregating these data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-55.
Persons not in the labor force by reason, race, Hispanic origin, age, and sex
(In thousands)
Total
Reason, race, and Hispanic origin
1986
Sex
Age
I
1987
16 to 24
years
25 to 59
years
60 years
and over
I
1986
I
1987
I
1986
54,712 54,566 9,131
8,855
18,145 17,856 27,436 27,854 17,696 17,781 37,015 36,785
50,367 50,290 7,463
7,389
15,933 15,620 26,969 27,280 16,183 16,334 34,183 33,956
6,156
6,286 5,434
3,337
3,424
136
23,786 23,332
1,358
13,731 14,268
3,067
3,269
535
4,346
4,275
1,668
1,127
1,058
974
592
579
73
912
1,025
299
843
786
150
883
816
172
5,487
112
693
11
786
26
1,578 1,522 1,710 1,704
11,288 10,925 11,141 11,080
340
420 13,392 13,847
2,034 1,967
638
700
1986
1987
I
1986
Women
Men
1987
1986
1987
1987
WHITE
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1
1,326
3,141
1,787
292
9,101
1,862
3,242 3,015 3,044
1,637 1,626
1,711
321 23,494 23,011
9,330 4,630 4,938
1,730 1,407 1,337
464
2,213
2,235
467
572
1,513
1,447
2,833
2,829
1,469
836
33
224
181
195
151
379
702
493
488
212
401
661
476
485
3
140
24
143
157
10
147
28
185
202
607
282
505
297
305
319
334
311
519
311
1,025
481
497
553
282
913
509
572
BLACK
7,498
7,571
2,152
2,194
2,684
2,670
2,663
2,707
2,667
2,747
4,831
4,824
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
6,115
6,116
1,519
1,594
2,006
1,924
2,593
2,600
2,232
2,227
3,880
3,889
1,248
694
2,244
1,244
684
1,295
771
2,156
1,298
596
1,110
12
234
1,156
35
137
368
1,032
14
455
141
402
995
25
361
2
316
978
1,231
66
336
940
1,272
52
620
354
56
790
412
636
379
62
828
322
628
340
2,186
454
272
660
392
2,095
469
273
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1
1,384
1,454
632
Total not in labor force
222
163
181
679
747
69
106
435
518
950
934
57
144
197
213
68
63
144
187
216
137
33
8
20
8
2
44
11
35
14
211
56
208
71
124
44
154
85
245
133
293
201
78
205
137
289
190
113
456
189
293
325
122
414
208
289
344
198
399
11
87
90
45
599
348
19
92
92
48
4,390
4,371
1,315
1,258
1,967
2,030
1,109
1,083
1,206
1,200
3,184
3,171
3,874
3,768 1,042
1,026
1,745
1,707
1,084
1,034
1,037
998
2,836
2,771
722
322
2,043
502
285
730
299
2,020
495
224
651
15
638
18
283
331
67
193
1,309
8
168
89
175
1,281
5
157
3
115
448
493
25
3
105
407
490
29
348
197
12
313
167
353
158
42
306
139
374
126
2,030
188
118
378
141
1,978
189
85
93
39
517
602
222
322
25
49
168
202
347
400
273
108
29
70
38
28
232
15
30
92
61
24
30
51
101
92
48
14
16
1
21
11
59
31
60
36
51
7
83
23
64
41
160
55
27
70
31
158
76
65
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1
123
73
160
106
55
130
67
158
159
88
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of
"home responsibilities."
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
99
57
46
30
7
4
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
55
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-56. Persons not in the labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by reason, sex, age, race, and Hispanic
origin
(In thousands)
1st Quarter 1987
Age
Reason and sex
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Race and Hispanic origin
25 to 59
years
60 years
and over
White
Black
Hispanic
origin
TOTAL
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
154
165
92
7
34
8
3
35
12
26
92
62
117
5
10
131
115
73
19
48
17
9
31
10
Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available
457
348
31
29
73
48
312
215
42
55
268
257
177
83
78
31
61
71
26
5
21
4
3
24
3
12
28
14
41
5
53
40
21
4
31
6
6
16
3
197
145
23
20
39
25
118
17
31
101
120
92
20
35
24
93
94
66
3
14
4
11
9
15
64
48
76
5
5
78
75
52
15
17
11
3
16
7
34
24
195
146
24
24
167
137
85
63
44
6
Men
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available
Women
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available
260
202
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
56
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-57. Work-seeking intentions of persons not in the labor force and work history of those who intend to seek work within
the next 12 months by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
Work-seeking intentions, work history, and sex
1986
I
1987
Race
Age
Total
16 to 24
years
1986
25 to 59
years
1987
60 years
and over
1986
1987
White
1986
1987
Black
1987
1986
1986
53,740 53,700 6,061
10,262 10,292 5,745
2,047 1,961 1,883
1,180 1,239
63
2,096 2,197
656
4,939 4,896 3,142
6,010
5,557
1,775
72
629
3,082
17,686 17,250 29,993 30,441 46,573 46,597 5,745
634 8,138 7,968 1,753
569
3,947 4,101
511
9 1,474 1,346
16
176
148
258
904
874
177
983
185
940
349
156
209 1,653 1,696
1,283 1,359
636
220
231 4,138 4,023
1,576 1,584
5,634
1,936
533
310
410
684
16,946 17,065 2,307
4,047 4,115 2,817
936
954
967
23
284
231
647
228
608
2,241 2,230 1,631
2,359
2,714
898
27
221
1,568
3,018 11,472 11,689 14,427 14,610 2,058
609
308 3,269 3,170
288
1,092
220
53
615
730
3
52
181
169
159
76
73
70
105
77
320
509
495
266
124 1,886 1,877
538
138
1,982
764
292
100
100
272
36,795 36,635 3,755
6,215 6,177 2,930
947
1,080 1,006
41
949
955
1,488 1,550
431
2,698 2,666 1,512
3,652
2,844
877
45
410
1,515
14,519 14,230 18,521 18,751 32,146 31,987 3,687
281
325 4,869 4,798 1,144
3,005 3,008
290
123
731
744
6
16
117
205
801
735
715
109
103
805
279
104 1,158 1,187
79
979 1,039
370
107 2,252 2,146
82
1,103 1,046
3,652
1,172
241
209
310
412
1987
TOTAL
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months
Men
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months
3,167
942
31
135
303
473
Women
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months
57
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-58. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Employment status, sex, and age
Hispanic origin
Black
White
T
1986
1987
1986
1987
1986
1987
1986
1987
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force ..
179,825
115,822
64.4
107,095
2,794
104,301
8,727
7.5
64,003
182,002
118,008
64.8
109,592
2,800
106,792
8,416
7.1
63,994
154,893
100,181
64.7
93,517
2,621
90,896
6,664
6.7
54,712
156,435
101,869
65.1
95,482
2,634
92,848
6,387
6.3
54,566
19,863
12,364
62.2
10,553
121
10,432
1,811
14.7
7,498
20,218
12,647
62.6
10,870
118
10,752
1,777
14.1
7,571
12,184
7,794
64.0
6,882
274
6,608
912
11.7
4,390
12,692
8,322
65.6
7,450
369
7,081
872
10.5
4,371
85,418
64,424
75.4
59,458
2,239
57,219
4,966
7.7
20,994
86,518
65,337
75.5
60,430
2,242
58,188
4,907
7.5
21,181
74,115
56,419
76.1
52,560
2,088
50,472
3,859
6.8
17,696
74,917
57,136
76.3
53,269
.2,104
51,165
3,867
6.8
17,781
8,897
6,229
70.0
5,269
111
5,158
960
15.4
2,667
9,065
6,317
69.7
5,434
102
5,331
884
14.0
2,747
6,023
4,817
80.0
4,256
245
4,011
561
11.7
1,206
6,282
5,082
80.9
4,530
328
4,202
552
10.9
1,200
78,169
60,776
77.7
56,567
2,107
54,460
4,209
6.9
17,394
79,217
61,610
77.8
57,466
2,102
55,364
4,143
6.7
17,607
68,154
53,264
78.2
49,971
1,961
48,010
3,292
6.2
14,890
68,920
53,888
78.2
50,622
1,969
48,653
3,266
6.1
15,031
7,849
5,822
74.2
5,032
107
4,925
790
13.6
2,027
8,009
5,929
74.0
5,190
99
5,091
739
12.5
2,080
5,369
4,517
84.1
4,047
229
3,818
470
10.4
852
5,615
4,763
84.8
4,292
305
3,986
471
9.9
853
94,408
51,398
54.4
47,637
555
47,083
3,760
7.3
43,010
95,484
52,671
55.2
49,162
559
48,603
3,509
6.7
42,813
80,777
43,762
54.2
40,957
532
40,424
2,805
6.4
37,015
81,518
44,733
54.9
42,213
529
41,683
2,520
5.6
36,785
10,966
6,135
55.9
5,284
10
5,274
851
13.9
4,831
11,153
6,330
56.7
5,436
16
5,421
893
14.1
4,824
6,161
2,976
48.3
2,626
29
2,597
350
11.8
3,184
6,411
3,240
50.5
2,920
41
2,879
320
9.9
3,171
87,187
47,874
54.9
44,741
527
44,215
3,133
6.5
39,313
88,236
49,163
55.7
46,244
528
45,716
2,918
5.9
39,074
74,877
40,694
54.3
38,352
505
37,847
2,341
5.8
34,183
75,599
41,669
55.1
39,582
499
39,083
2,087
5.0
33,929
9,876
5,748
58.2
5,051
9
5,042
697
12.1
4,128
10,060
5,958
59.2
5,208
15
5,192
750
12.6
4,102
5,514
2,769
50.2
2,476
26
2,451
293
10.6
2,745
5,754
3,003
52.2
2,740
41
2,699
263
8.8
2,750
14,469
7,172
49.6
5,787
160
5,627
1,385
19.3
7,297
14,548
7,236
49.7
5,882
170
5,711
1,354
18.7
7,313
11,862
6,223
52.5
5,193
155
5,038
1,030
16.6
5,639
11,917
6,312
53.0
5,278
166
5,112
1,034
16.4
5,605
2,138
794
37.1
470
5
466
324
40.8
1,344
2,149
760
35.4
472
4
468
288
37.9
1,389
1,300
507
39.0
359
19
339
149
29.3
793
1,323
556
42.0
418
22
396
138
24.8
768
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population .. .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
N O T E : Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
58
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-59.
Employment status of civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Total Hispanic origin1
Employment status, sex, and age
Mexican origin
Puerto Rican origin
Cuban origin
I
1986
1987
I
1986
I
1987
I
1986
I
1987
I
1986
I
1987
12,184
7,794
64.0
6,882
274
6,608
912
11.7
4,390
12,692
8,322
65.6
7,450
369
7,081
872
10.5
4,371
7,155
4,674
65.3
4,100
245
3,855
574
12.3
2,480
7,381
4,985
67.5
4,382
325
4,057
603
12.1
2,396
1,488
787
52.9
657
7
650
130
16.6
700
1,541
827
53.7
733
6
727
94
11.4
714
897
604
67.3
560
4
556
44
7.3
294
818
537
65.6
512
5
508
24
4.5
282
6,023
4,817
80.0
4,256
245
4,011
561
11.7
1,206
6,282
5,082
80.9
4,530
328
4,202
552
10.9
1,200
3,641
2,967
81.5
2,601
222
2,379
365
12.3
675
3,813
3,150
82.6
2,771
293
2,477
379
12.0
663
646
473
73.2
400
6
394
73
15.4
173
677
502
74.2
438
5
433
63
12.5
175
452
358
79.2
335
2
333
23
6.4
94
419
327
78.0
311
5
306
16
4.9
92
5,369
4,517
84.1
4,047
229
3,818
470
10.4
852
5,615
4,763
84.8
4,292
305
3,986
471
9.9
853
3,221
2,753
85.5
2,456
206
2,250
297
10.8
468
3,371
2,924
86.7
2,605
273
2,332
319
10.9
446
568
448
78.9
382
6
376
66
14.7
119
588
464
78.9
413
5
408
51
11.0
124
420
343
81.7
322
2
320
21
60
78
389
317
81.5
301
5
296
16
5.1
72
6,161
2,976
48.3
2,626
29
2,597
350
11.8
3,184
6,411
3,240
50.5
2,920
41
2,879
320
9.9
3,171
3,513
1,708
48.6
1,499
23
1,477
209
12.2
1,805
3,568
1,835
51.4
1,611
32
1,580
224
12.2
1,733
841
314
37.3
257
1
256
58
18.4
527
865
526
60.8
295
1
293
31
9.5
539
445
246
55.3
225
2
223
21
8.5
200
400
210
52.5
202
5,514
2,769
50.2
2,476
26
2,451
293
10.6
2,745
5,754
3,003
52.2
2,740
41
2,699
263
8.8
2,750
3,081
1,563
50.7
1,395
20
1,375
168
10.8
1,518
3,150
1,680
53.3
1,497
32
1,465
183
10.9
1,470
752
291
38.7
246
1
245
46
15.7
461
765
303
39.6
278
1
277
25
8.3
461
423
238
56.3
218
2
217
19
8.1
186
384
201
52.3
194
1,300
507
39.0
359
19
339
149
29.3
793
1,323
556
42.0
418
22
396
138
24.8
768
853
359
42.1
250
19
231
109
30.4
494
860
380
44.2
280
19
260
101
26.5
480
168
47
28.0
29
188
59
31.4
42
54
24
(2)
19
46
18
(2)
17
29
19
41
18
()
129
19
4
(2)
30
17
1
(2)
28
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population .,
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
202
8
3.8
190
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
194
7
3.5
182
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.
O
120
2
Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
59
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-60. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)
White
Total
Hispanic origin
Black
Category
i
1986
1987
1987
1986
1987
1986
1987
93,517
52,560
40,957
95,482
53,269
42,213
10,553
5,269
5,284
10,870
5,434
5,436
6,882
4,256
2,626
7,450
4,530
2,920
1986
CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers) .
Men
Women ..
107,095 109,592
59,458 60,430
47,637 49,162
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial .
Professional specialty..
26,297
12,388
13,908
27,360
12,851
14,509
23,925
11,413
12,512
24,821
11,803
13,018
1,592
663
930
1,628
687
941
908
462
446
958
454
504
Technical, sales, and administrative support..
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical..
33,717
3,303
12,750
17,665
34,500
3,217
13,154
18,130
29,949
2,865
11,726
15,358
30,441
2,820
12,000
15,621
2,871
307
711
1,853
3,083
261
798
2,023
1,675
114
601
959
1,899
141
679
1,078
Service occupations ..
Private household ..
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective .
14,583
956
1,773
11,854
14,836
939
1,872
12,025
11,578
687
1,487
9,404
11,802
724
1,539
9,539
2,461
242
256
1,964
2,492
200
300
1,992
1,306
133
107
1,065
1,398
137
118
1,143
Precision production, craft, and repair..
Mechanics and repairers .
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair .
12,969
4,336
4,592
4,041
13,219
4,439
4,755
4,024
11,707
3,937
4,203
3,566
11,941
4,003
4,372
3,565
962
306
313
344
973
345
317
311
973
275
367
331
1,030
308
362
360
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .,
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .
16,626
7,782
4,352
4,492
614
3,878
16,777
7,662
4,570
4,545
599
3,946
13,689
6,390
3,674
3,625
513
3,112
13,817
6,223
3,846
3,747
480
3,267
2,491
1,118
609
764
88
676
2,508
1,141
656
710
107
604
1,719
929
314
475
85
391
1,751
876
357
518
92
426
2,904
2,900
2,670
2,660
175
187
302
414
1,334
1,331
129
1,401
1,290
109
1,202
1,291
127
1,282
1,245
106
100
21
247
26
2
320
45
4
96,484
16,463
80,021
1,135
78,886
7,567
251
98,549
16,757
81,792
1,141
80,651
7,991
252
83,681
13,491
70,191
814
69,377
6,985
229
85,227
13,721
71,506
874
70,632
7,395
225
10,067
2,470
7,597
290
7,307
359
6
10,372
2,515
7,857
244
7,613
374
5
6,215
852
5,363
147
5,216
385
8
6,657
921
5,735
157
5,578
408
16
86,100
5,393
15,603
88,174
5,451
15,967
75,015
4,377
14,124
76,608
4,437
14,437
8,621
847
1,085
8,889
857
1,124
5,674
518
690
6,135
547
767
Farming, forestry, and fishing ..
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers ..
Self-employed workers ..
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers ..
Government
Private industries
Private households ..
Other industries
Self-employed workers ..
Unpaid family workers ..
FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS1
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons
...
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work full or part time.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
60
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-61. Employed civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and economic categories
(In thousands)
Puerto Rican
origin
Total Hispanic
origin1
Mexican origin
1986
1987
1986
1987
6,882
4,256
2,626
7,450
4,530
2,920
4,100
2,601
1,499
4,382
2,771
1,611
657
400
257
733
438
295
560
335
225
512
311
202
908
462
446
958
454
504
445
232
214
489
227
263
89
38
51
101
46
55
123
68
56
109
56
53
Technical, sales, and administrative support..
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
1,675
114
601
959
1,899
141
679
1,078
918
63
327
528
980
72
345
563
192
12
71
108
225
11
63
151
195
12
79
104
170
12
77
81
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective .. .
1,306
133
107
1,065
1,398
137
118
1,143
736
71
64
601
795
64
76
655
130
1
22
108
134
3
19
112
69
3
8
58
62
4
6
52
973
275
367
331
1,030
308
362
360
638
170
251
217
664
187
250
227
76
20
26
30
96
38
32
27
69
23
21
26
70
28
22
20
1,719
929
314
475
85
391
1,751
876
357
518
92
426
1,103
567
207
329
68
262
1,086
517
214
355
77
277
160
94
30
36
7
29
170
75
39
56
4
52
96
53
21
23
2
21
96
48
31
18
2
16
302
414
260
367
10
247
26
2
320
45
4
226
18
1
291
31
3
6,215
852
5,363
147
5,216
385
6,657
921
5,735
157
5,578
408
16
3,639
514
3,126
81
3,045
212
4
3,835
599
3,236
79
3,157
211
11
620
107
513
1
512
30
694
5,674
518
690
6,135
547
767
3,375
352
374
3,546
395
440
556
38
63
630
30
73
Cuban origin
Category
1986
1987
1986
1987
CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women ..
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .
Farming, forestry, and fishing
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers .
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers .
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
2
2
1
116
578
3
575
33
515
51
464
3
461
39
2
471
43
428
4
424
35
2
476
20
64
443
17
52
FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS2
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons .
Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work full or part time.
"61
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-62. Employed civilians by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)
White
Black
Hispanic origin
Sex and age
1987
1986
Total, 16 years and over ..
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 years and over .
25 to 54 years
55 years and over..
Men, 16 years and over ..
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 years and over .
25 to 54 years
55 years and over..
Women, 16 years and over .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 years and over .
25 to 54 years
55 years and over..
1986
1987
1986
i
1987
107,095
109,592
93.517
95,482
10,553
10,870
6,882
7,450
5,787
2,197
3,590
13,520
87,789
73,715
14,074
5,882
2,347
3,535
13,254
90,457
76,206
14,251
5,193
1,997
3,196
11,814
76,509
63,891
12,618
5,278
2,140
3,137
11,567
78,638
65,897
12,740
470
156
314
1,376
8,707
7,529
1,179
472
149
323
1,350
9,048
7,845
1,203
359
112
247
1,211
5,312
4,759
554
418
133
285
1,239
5,793
5,248
545
59,458
60,430
52,560
53,269
5,269
5,434
4,256
4,530
2,891
1,099
1,792
7,081
49,486
41,179
8,306
2,964
1,173
1,791
6,852
50,614
42,222
8,392
2,589
996
1,593
6,184
43,787
36,245
7,541
2,647
1,064
1,584
5,998
44,624
37,040
7,584
237
79
158
722
4,310
3,702
608
244
78
166
689
4,501
3,868
634
209
72
137
765
3,281
2,938
343
238
75
163
762
3,529
3,187
343
47,637
49,162
40,957
42,213
5,284
5,436
2,626
2,920
2,896
1,098
1,798
6,439
38,303
32,535
5,768
2,918
1,174
1,744
6,402
39,843
33,985
5,858
2,604
1,001
1,603
5,630
32,722
27,646
5,077
2,630
1,077
1,554
5,569
34,014
28,857
5,156
233
78
155
654
4,397
3,827
571
228
71
157
661
4,547
3,977
569
150
39
110
446
2,031
1,821
210
180
58
122
477
2,262
2,061
202
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
A-63. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Civilian workers)
Hispanic origin
Black
White
Total
Sex and age
1986
Total, 16 years and over..
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years ..
20 to 24 years
25 years and over .
25 to 54 years
55 years and over..
Men, 16 years and over ..
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years ..
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over .
25 to 54 years
55 years and over..
Women, 16 years and over .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over..
62
1987
1986
1987
1986
1987
1986
10.5
1987
7.5
7.1
6.7
6.3
14.7
14.1
11.7
19.3
21.5
17.9
11.5
6.0
6.2
4.6
18.7
20.7
17.3
11.3
5.6
6.0
3.6
16.6
19.0
14.9
9.7
5.4
5.6
4.4
16.4
18.5
14.8
9.4
5.0
5.3
3.3
40.8
42.9
39.6
24.8
10.6
11.2
6.4
37.9
43.9
34.7
24.7
10.4
11.0
6.2
29.3
34.8
26.5
13.9
9.7
9.7
9.0
24.8
28.8
22.8
12.8
8.7
8.6
9.2
7.7
7.5
6.8
6.8
15.4
14.0
11.7
10.9
20.7
23.2
19.1
12.3
6.1
6.4
4.8
20.5
22.4
19.1
12.2
5.9
6.3
4.0
18.0
20.9
16.0
10.7
5.5
5.7
4.5
18.5
20.6
17.0
10.7
5.4
5.8
3.6
41.8
43.0
41.2
24.0
11.5
12.2
7.5
37.3
43.7
33.8
23.2
10.6
11.0
7.7
30.4
32.6
29.1
13.8
9.6
9.5
10.0
25.5
26.2
25.2
12.7
9.3
9.2
9.2
7.3
6.7
6.4
5.6
13.9
14.1
11.8
9.9
27.8
38.6
22.9
14.0
9.8
9.9
7.9
23.8
31.9
19.3
12.9
7.9
7.8
8.6
17.8
19.7
16.6
10.6
5.8
6.1
4.4
16.8
18.9
15.4
10.2
5.2
5.6
3.0
15.1
17.0
13.9
8.5
5.3
5.5
4.3
14.1
16.4
12.5
8.0
4.5
4.8
2.7
39.7
42.9
37.9
25.7
9.7
10.3
5.1
38.5
44.1
35.6
26.3
10.2
10.9
4.4
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-64. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
White
Weeks of unemployment
Hispanic origin
Black
1986
1987
1986
1987
I
1986
1987
8,727
3,405
2,867
2,454
1,250
1,204
8,416
3,326
2,756
2,334
1,156
1,178
6,664
2,652
2,212
1,800
949
851
6,387
2,595
2,098
1,694
873
822
1,811
661
577
574
259
315
15.0
7.5
14.9
7.4
14.3
7.3
14.2
7.0
100.0
39.0
32.9
28.1
14.3
13.8
100.0
39.5
32.7
27.7
13.7
14.0
100.0
39.8
33.2
27.0
14.2
12.8
100.0
40.6
32.8
26.5
13.7
12.9
i
1986
1987
1,777
640
584
554
239
314
912
378
285
249
139
111
872
363
291
219
127
91
17.3
8.4
17.1
8.7
13.4
6.8
12.6
7.0
100.0
36.5
31.8
31.7
14.3
17.4
100.0
36.0
32.9
31.2
13.5
17.7
100.0
41.4
31.3
27.3
15.2
12.1
100.0
41.6
33.4
25.1
14.6
10.5
DURATION
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
A-65. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Hispanic origin
Black
White
Total
Reasons for unemployment
i
1986
1987
1986
1987
1986
1987
8,727
4,642
1,484
3,158
986
2,195
904
8,416
4,453
1,364
3,089
981
2,084
898
6,664
3,678
1,283
2,395
795
1,602
590
6,387
3,471
1,172
2,299
804
1,513
600
1,811
852
179
673
162
522
276
1,777
852
172
679
147
511
268
100.0
53.2
17.0
36.2
11.3
25.1
10.4
100.0
52.9
16.2
36.7
11.7
24.8
10.7
100.0
55.2
19.3
35.9
11.9
24.0
8.9
100.0
54.3
18.3
36.0
12.6
23.7
9.4
100.0
47.0
9.9
37.1
8.9
28.8
15.2
100.0
47.9
9.7
38.2
8.3
28.7
15.1
4.0
.9
1.9
.8
3.8
.8
1.8
.8
3.7
.8
1.6
.6
3.4
.8
1.5
.6
6.9
1.3
4.2
2.2
6.7
1.2
4.0
2.1
1986
1987
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total, 16 years and over..
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants ..
912
512
127
385
87
195
116
872
517
117
400
78
183
94
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed .
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers . ...
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
100.0
56.2
13.9 I
42.2
9.5
21.4
12.8
100.0
59.3
13.5
45.9
9.0
21.0
10.7
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
6.6
1.1
2.5
1.5
6.2
.9
2.2
1.1
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
63
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-66. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Total
Employed
Unemployed
Veteran status and age
i
1987
i
1986
Percent of
labor force
Number
I
I
i
1986
1987
1986
1987
I
1986
I
1987
I
1986
I
1987
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over ..
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years .,
35 to 39 years .. ..
40 to 44 years ....
45 years and over .
7,700
6,416
1,253
3,134
2,029
1,284
7,804
6,275
1,007
2,781
2,487
1,529
7,144
6,127
1,181
3,014
1,932
1,017
7,221
6,001
947
2,672
2,382
1,220
6,706
5,737
1,072
2,817
1,848
970
6,815
5,656
853
2,524
2,279
1,159
438
390
109
197
84
48
406
345
94
148
103
61
6.1
6.4
9.2
6.5
4.4
4.7
5.6
5.7
9.9
5.6
4.3
5.0
17,999
8,269
5,538
4,192
19,074
8,712
6,043
4,319
16,994
7,850
5,234
3,910
18,060
8,284
5,722
4,054
15,953
7,354
4,934
3,665
16,980
7,761
5,385
3,834
1,041
495
300
246
1,080
523
336
220
6.1
6.3
5.7
6.3
6.0
6.3
5.9
5.4
NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years ..
30 to 34 years ...
35 to 39 years ...
40 to 44 years ...
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data
are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.
A-67. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Nonveterans
Veterans
Employment status and age
Black
White
Hispanic origin
1986
1987
1986
1987
I
1986
I
1987
5,699
5,479
5,559
5,340
5,165
5,048
314
5.7
292
5.5
611
557
490
66
11.8
599
551
512
39
7.1
254
238
218
20
8.4
310
284
261
23
8.2
1,087
1,040
959
81
7.8
851
808
733
74
9.2
145
126
101
24
19.0
130
117
103
15
12.6
64
55
45
10
O
65
54
48
7
2,786
2,692
2,533
2,459
2,368
2,239
160
5.9
129
5.4
298
274
242
32
11.7
280
262
245
17
6.5
123
118
109
9
7.6
1,826
2,250
2,165
2,076
89
4.1
168
157
147
10
6.4
189
171
164
7
4.1
67
65
64
1
1.5
Hispanic origin
Black
White
1987
1987
I
1986
I
1987
15,467 16,418 1,829
14,750 15,707 1,602
13,937 14,880 1,403
827
813
198
5.3
5.5
12.4
1,922
1,703
1,496
207
12.2
1,567
1,450
1,298
152
10.5
1,685
857
757
661
95
12.5
885
802
704
98
12.2
712
665
603
62
9.3
759
710
660
50
7.0
586
508
439
69
13.6
493
455
400
55
12.1
524
488
441
47
9.6
451
394
353
41
10.3
362
330
295
35
10.6
402
377
349
28
7.4
1986
TOTAL, 30 to 44 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1,575
1,450
124
7.9
30 to 34 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
7,117
6,836
6,448
388
5.7
7,532
7,229
163
156
144
12
7.9
4,779
4,551
4,312
239
5.3
5,180
4,966
4,710
256
5.2
539
476
424
53
11.1
82
74
69
5
6.2
3,571
3,363
3,177
3,706
3,512
3,346
166
4.7
433
369
318
50
13.6
o
6,824
405
5.6
35 to 39 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
40 to 44 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
1,747
1,673
73
4.2
Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men
who never served in the Armed Forces; published data are limited to
those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to
64
186
5.5
the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population. Detail for the above race
and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the
"other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both
the white and black population groups.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-68. Unemployment in families by type of family, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family
members
(Numbers in thousands)
Percent of families:
Percent of families:
Type of family, race, and Hispanic origin
Total
families
Total
With no
employed
person
in
family
With at
Total
With at
least one families
least one
person in
employed
family
person in
employed
family
full time
Total
With at
With no With at
least one
employed least one
person in
person employed
family
person in
in
employed
family
family
full time
TOTAL
Total families
With children under 18 years of age ..
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of age ..
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of age ..
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of age ..
62,944
31,498
50,054
24,198
10,270
6,262
2,620
1,038
6,482
3,812
4,578
2,752
1,525
904
378
156
31.5
35.0
23.2
23.7
52.9
65.4
45.2
59.6
68.5
65.0
76.8
76.3
47.1
34.6
54.8
40.4
58.7
55.4
66.6
65.8
37.7
27.2
47.4
34.6
63,778
31,647
50,542
24,145
10,553
6,458
2,683
1,043
6,230
3,627
4,399
2,605
1,457
880
374
141
30.9
33.6
22.4
21.5
53.4
64.8
43.3
60.6
69.1
66.4
77.6
78.5
46.6
35.2
56.7
39.4
58.7
56.2
67.2
67.5
35.7
25.9
48.1
35.9
54,456
26,501
45,281
21,533
7,076
4,130
2,100
837
5,044
2,950
3,883
2,324
883
501
279
124
29.3
32.0
23.6
24.2
49.3
61.3
46.2
60.0
70.7
68.0
76.4
75.8
50.7
38.7
53.8
40.0
60.3
57.8
65.7
64.9
40.5
30.7
47.3
34.4
55,043
26,507
45,650
21,440
7,238
4,225
2,156
841
4,817
2,776
3,714
2,189
815
477
288
110
28.4
30.1
23.0
22.3
48.2
59.3
41.7
58.2
71.6
69.9
77.0
77.7
51.8
40.7
58.3
41.8
60.9
59.2
66.6
66.8
39.1
29.6
49.7
37.3
6,849
3,994
3,484
1,832
2,952
1,997
413
165
1,248
742
554
333
608
380
85
28
39.8
46.7
20.4
19.2
57.4
70.3
41.2
60.2
53.3
79.6
80.8
42.6
29.7
58.8
51.8
46.0
72.3
72.7
33.7
22.9
48.2
7,028
4,149
3,540
1,887
3,049
2,089
439
173
1,230
740
541
322
610
389
79
29
41.7
48.0
19.6
17.7
60.3
71.5
49.4
58.3
52.0
80.4
82.3
39.7
28.5
50.6
48.6
43.4
69.3
71.1
31.0
21.3
43.0
4,195
2,748
2,925
1,971
978
674
292
103
642
439
458
337
136
81
49
20
36.3
38.3
29.3
30.3
57.4
66.7
63.7
61.7
70.7
69.7
42.6
33.3
0
0
0
0
52.5
50.8
57.8
58.5
33.8
24.7
O
O
4,369
2,840
3,072
2,030
1,007
706
290
104
650
424
456
317
132
78
62
28
33.7
37.7
27.4
28.9
51.5
64.6
41.0
White
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of
age ..
age ..
age ..
age ..
Black
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of
age ...
age ..
age ..
age ..
0
O
Hispanic origin
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of
age ..
age ..
age ..
age ..
Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
O
66.3
62.3
72.6
71.1
48.5
35.4
59.0
O
56.6
52.8
62.9
60.7
37.9
26.6
50.8
O
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
65
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-69. Unemployed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family
members
(Numbers in thousands)
Percent of unemployed:
Family relationship, race, and Hispanic origin
Total
With no
employed
person in
family
With at
least one
employed
person in
family
Percent of unemployed:
With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time
Total
With no
employed
person in
family
With at
least one
employed
person in
family
With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time
TOTAL
Total unemployed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age ..
Wives
With children under 18 years of age ...........
Relatives in married-couple families ...
7,234
1,936
1,258
1,439
894
1,703
33.8
42.0
45.7
19.2
18.5
13.6
66.2
58.0
54.3
80.8
81.5
86.4
56.4
43.2
38.9
73.3
73.5
79.7
6,942
1,842
1,129
1,292
839
1,758
32.9
40.3
44.1
19.5
17.9
12.5
67.1
59.7
55.9
80.5
82.1
87.5
56.8
44.0
38.9
72.2
73.5
81.5
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ..
648
540
1,088
186
100
233
84.8
92.2
34.5
75.1
87.9
26.4
15.2
7.8
65.5
24.9
12.1
73.6
9.6
4.0
53.8
17.5
5.2
64.5
644
543
1,008
180
89
218
85.3
91.7
33.7
63.8
90.5
30.5
14.7
8.3
66.3
36.2
9.5
69.5
8.4
2.5
52.5
27.3
7.1
61.4
5,514
1,657
1,070
1,229
750
1,370
31.6
42.8
46.4
18.6
18.3
12.8
68.4
57.2
53.6
81.4
81.7
87.2
58.1
41.7
37.6
74.0
73.8
79.8
5,275
1,588
960
1,075
693
1,434
30.6
41.4
45.8
19.6
17.7
12.3
69.4
58.6
54.2
80.4
82.3
87.7
58.9
42.5
36.6
72.6
74.2
82.2
370
297
585
145
81
158
79.4
88.6
32.1
75.5
88.7
25.6
20.6
11.4
67.9
24.5
11.3
74.4
12.7
5.5
56.4
17.6
5.1
66.9
343
279
534
138
68
165
81.6
89.8
28.9
63.8
90.8
27.3
18.4
10.2
71.1
36.2
9.2
72.7
10.6
3.0
55.1
27.0
6.0
64.4
1,506
217
138
162
112
284
41.2
36.2
39.4
21.7
18.1
15.6
58.8
63.8
60.6
78.3
81.9
84.4
50.6
54.1
48.9
70.1
73.6
80.3
1,463
189
121
180
122
271
42.0
34.9
35.7
18.9
20.0
14.1
58.0
65.1
64.3
81.1
80.0
85.9
48.3
51.6
50.1
69.7
69.5
76.6
263
232
480
33
15
66
92.3
96.4
37.0
7.7
3.6
63.0
5.1
2.3
50.9
89.7
93.7
38.7
10.3
6.3
61.3
5.3
2.1
50.1
72.4
59.8
288
255
448
38
20
49
775
218
177
139
109
184
38.1
51.2
52.7
20.0
21.6
19.1
61.9
48.8
47.3
80.0
78.4
80.9
51.2
37.4
36.4
65.0
63.4
69.2
748
217
166
127
83
191
35.7
46.6
49.2
24.7
27.1
13.9
64.3
53.4
50.8
75.3
72.9
86.1
54.6
41.1
37.2
64.1
61.8
80.6
62
44
114
28
14
30
808
(2)
40.5
19.2
(2)
59.5
13.2
(2)
50.1
54
47
92
33
17
35
63.6
49.9
White
Total unemployed in families1 .
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age ...
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families ...
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ..
Black
Total unemployed in families1 .
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age ...
Relatives in married-couple families ...
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ..
Hispanic origin
Total unemployed in families1 .
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age ...
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
..
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ..
1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families where the
husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and
persons in unrelated subfamilies. Estimates for husbands, wives, and women who
maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates shown in other
tables in this publication because of differences in definitions and weighting patterns
66
used in aggregating the data.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-70. Employed civilians by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family members
(Numbers in thousands)
Percent of employed:
Percent of employed:
Family relationship, race, and Hispanic origin
Total
With no
employed
person in
family
With at
least one
employed
person in
family
With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time
Total
With no
employed
person in
family
With at
least one
employed
person in
family
With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time
TOTAL
1
Total employed in families .
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ..
87,378
37,268
21,832
25,802
14,079
11,182
24.5
32.5
34.5
10.0
6.0
7.1
75.5
67.5
65.5
90.0
94.0
92.9
63.7
48.8
43.2
84.8
89.3
88.5
89,373
37,711
21,950
26,748
14,572
11,333
23.7
30.9
32.6
9.6
5.8
6.9
76.3
69.1
67.4
90.4
94.2
93.1
64.5
50.3
45.2
85.1
89.6
88.7
5,657
3,745
4,294
1,829
843
1,345
63.5
78.3
24.7
55.8
80.5
18.7
36.5
21.7
75.3
44.2
19.5
81.3
23.5
9.5
64.6
32.9
9.5
73.8
5,883
3,891
4,357
1,900
862
1,441
64.6
80.1
24.7
55.3
82.0
18.3
35.4
19.9
75.3
44.7
18.0
81.7
23.1
9.3
64.6
34.3
9.2
74.1
76,609
33,830
19,581
23,014
12,348
9,945
24.0
33.0
35.3
9.6
5.5
7.0
76.0
67.0
64.7
90.4
94.5
93.0
63.8
47.6
41.4
85.2
89.9
88.5
78,268
34,159
19,665
23,861
12,774
10,019
23.1
31.4
33.3
9.2
5.2
6.7
76.9
68.6
66.7
90.8
94.8
93.3
64.7
49.2
43.4
85.5
90.3
88.9
4,076
2,656
3,171
1,483
684
1,090
61.0
76.5
24.2
55.1
80.7
18.7
39.0
23.5
75.8
44.9
19.3
81.3
24.3
9.4
64.5
33.7
9.3
74.7
4,255
2,781
3,229
1,567
715
1,178
62.3
78.7
24.3
55.0
81.0
17.1
37.7
21.3
75.7
45.0
19.0
82.9
24.2
9.4
64.5
34.2
9.8
75.6
8,213
2,451
1,547
1,977
1,202
866
30.6
26.3
25.4
14.7
9.6
9.3
69.4
73.7
74.6
85.3
90.4
90.7
60.6
61.6
62.3
79.0
84.1
87.0
8,445
2,519
1,616
2,047
1,264
927
30.0
25.1
24.6
13.8
10.1
8.5
70.0
74.9
75.4
86.2
89.9
91.5
61.2
62.6
63.0
80.5
84.6
86.0
1,450
1,014
1,002
272
29.2
17.0
73.1
39.7
19.8
80.7
20.5
9.4
64.6
27.5
10.4
68.6
1,488
1,032
986
267
126
210
71.9
84.5
26.1
59.5
87.4
24.4
28.1
15.5
73.9
40.5
12.6
75.6
18.9
8.2
63.7
33.1
6.1
194
70.8
83.0
26.9
60.3
80.2
19.3
5,584
2,275
1,662
1,309
871
749
291
43.0
45.5
10.5
8.5
7.9
70.9
57.0
54.5
89.5
91.5
92.1
61.2
44.3
40.9
82.5
84.1
85.8
6,066
2,422
1,752
1,471
999
891
27.0
38.6
40.6
8.8
8.1
7.6
73.0
61.4
59.4
91.2
91.9
92.4
62.5
46.3
43.1
85.5
86.2
84.9
418
283
413
215
80
205
59.4
75.7
20.4
44.2
70.9
11.7
40.6
24.3
79.6
55.8
29.1
88.3
31.4
15.1
69.5
46.0
22.9
82.8
445
297
421
213
75
203
63.0
77.7
24.3
48.4
75.7
10.9
37.0
22.3
75.7
51.6
24.3
89.1
26.4
13.3
64.8
47.3
22.1
81.7
White
1
Total employed in families .
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age ...
Wives
With children under 18 years of age ...
Relatives in married-couple families ...
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ..
Black
Total employed in families1 .
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families ...
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ..
135
68.6
Hispanic origin
Total employed in families1 .
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age ...
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men .. ...
1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families where the
husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and
persons in unrelated subfamilies. Estimates for husbands, wives, and women who
maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates shown in other
tables in this publication because of differences in definitions and weighting patterns
used in aggregating the data.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.
67
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-71.
Median weekly earnings of families by type of family, number of earners, race, and Hispanic origin
Type of family, number of earners,
race, and Hispanic origin
Number of families
(in thousands)
1986
1987
42,101
33,612
13,219
10,120
2,394
705
20,393
17,638
1,944
633
177
6,690
4,635
3,651
984
2,055
1,799
1,146
653
Median weekly earnings
1986
1987
42,209
33,527
12,825
9,739
2,378
707
20,702
18,076
1,889
592
146
6,857
4,686
3,726
960
2,170
1,826
1,124
701
$531
597
386
454
225
209
733
749
701
444
454
303
237
248
202
495
437
355
588
$557
620
395
469
219
207
763
779
725
453
515
309
248
257
215
489
461
353
654
36,203
30,063
11,896
9,223
2,052
18,168
15,689
4,718
1,421
36,267
29,858
11,553
8,906
2,034
18,304
15,967
4,905
1,504
554
606
400
466
225
743
759
313
467
578
630
406
480
220
774
790
321
483
4,719
2,600
976
622
282
1,624
1,424
1,801
319
4,715
2,687
910
550
285
1,777
1,574
1,754
273
377
483
262
295
218
641
656
269
339
399
503
270
319
202
647
670
273
380
2,997
2,274
1,098
903
138
1,175
920
495
228
3,124
2,355
1,060
883
110
1,295
1,004
526
243
401
427
294
312
187
579
595
275
408
412
449
271
295
199
609
624
270
415
TOTAL
Total families with earners 1
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Other family member
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Husband and other family member(s).
Wife and other family member(s) .
Other family members only
Families maintained by women
One earner
Householder
Other family member
Two or more earners
Families maintained by men
One earner
Two or more earners
White
1
Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women .
Families maintained by men
Black
1
Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women .
Families maintained by men
Hispanic origin
1
Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women
Families maintained by men ....
1
Data exclude families in which there is no wage or salary earner or
in which the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is
either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
68
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-72. Families with unemployed members and wage and salary workers by type of family and median weekly
earnings
Type of family and relationship of
unemployed members to wage and
salary earners
Number of families
(in thousands)
Median weekly earnings
i
1987
1986
1987
3,169
2,926
$351
$400
Husband unemployed
Wife only earner
Wife and other earner(s) .
Other earner(s) only
1,152
846
191
115
1,002
744
155
103
230
214
391
193
228
211
386
178
Wife unemployed
Husband only earner
Husband and other earner(s)..
Other earner(s) only
1,030
905
773
380
354
570
395
384
590
625
402
793
645
543
745
Married-couple families 1
882
124
23
113
20
1986
988
423
530
35
1,019
Families maintained by women 1
Householder unemployed
Other member(s) unemployed ..
664
117
547
617
73
545
271
188
294
272
(2)
286
Families maintained by men 1
182
199
328
345
Other member(s) unemployed
Husband or wife earner
Both husband and wife earners
Other combinations of earners ..
Data exclude families in which there is no wage or salary earner or
in which the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is
397
590
32
0
either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 100,000.
69
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-73.
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Median weekly earnings
Characteristic
1986
1987
1986
1987
76,693
78,190
$354
$369
Men, 16 years and over .
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
45,086
6,183
38,904
45,599
6,100
39,499
419
245
459
434
257
477
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
31,606
5,115
26,491
32,591
5,139
27,452
287
222
302
299
227
315
30,124
16,747
4,454
1,416
30,371
17,042
4,610
1,383
471
293
289
382
486
309
294
393
5,616
3,986
7,919
6,431
5,779
4,137
8,062
6,805
245
224
395
312
263
237
408
318
White
Men
Women
66,118
39,535
26,583
67,236
39,855
27,381
366
434
290
381
453
303
Black
Men
Women
8,383
4,305
4,078
8,633
4,508
4,125
288
312
263
295
320
271
Hispanic origin .
Men
Women
5,388
3,471
1,917
5,692
3,666
2,026
269
295
229
286
304
255
SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over.
FAMILY RELATIONSHIP
Husbands .
Wives
Women who maintain families
Men who maintain families .
Other persons in families:
Men
Women
All other men 1
All other women 1
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
1
The majority of these persons are living alone or with
nonrelatives. Also included are persons in families where the
husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the
Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
70
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will
not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-74. Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Characteristic
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Median weekly earnings
1986
1987
1986
1987
18,294
18,731
$95
$98
5,809
3,383
2,425
5,902
3,344
2,558
88
71
114
92
71
130
12,485
4,054
8,431
12,829
4,003
8,826
98
69
114
101
68
117
1,515
6,548
114
1,614
6,788
1,031
117
117
115
110
139
135
119
104
117
3,168
3,366
1,011
1,582
3,147
3,359
1,023
1,652
70
64
107
105
72
65
113
White
Men
Women
16,054
4,965
11,090
16,417
5,076
11,341
95
87
99
99
92
102
Black
Men
Women
1,736
653
1,084
1,773
585
1,189
93
96
92
92
88
95
989
411
578
1,188
478
709
96
100
93
101
104
SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
FAMILY RELATIONSHIP
Husbands
Wives
Women who maintain families
Men who maintain families
Other persons in families:
Men
Women
All other men 1
All other women 1
989
104
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
Hispanic origin
Men
Women
1
The majority of these persons are living alone or with
nonrelatives. Also included are persons in families where the
husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the
Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will
not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.
71
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-75.
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Median weekly earnings
Occupation and sex
I
1986
I
1987
I
1986
1987
19,771
9,606
10,165
23,243
2,870
7,040
13,333
8,012
299
1,613
6,101
10,503
3,592
3,261
3,650
14,139
7,289
3,522
3,329
1,024
20,696
9,880
10,816
23,969
2,692
7,418
13,859
8,078
300
1,616
6,162
10,613
3,693
3,373
3,548
13,843
6,935
3,605
3,303
991
$501
510
495
316
403
340
297
227
130
401
210
406
413
406
399
294
290
339
258
221
$522
523
521
325
423
370
304
234
137
419
215
415
419
411
414
303
294
367
267
217
11,249
5,945
5,304
8,685
1,623
4,131
2,931
4,118
8
1,458
2,652
9,656
3,473
3,199
2,984
10,460
4,357
3,321
2,782
919
11,597
5,877
5,720
9,038
1,445
4,433
3,160
4,067
16
1,450
2,601
9,757
3,572
3,346
2,838
10,268
4,152
3,403
2,713
872
605
621
592
434
485
445
403
284
631
637
627
451
507
475
400
292
O
O
413
241
418
412
407
441
321
350
346
268
223
429
247
426
418
412
466
336
348
371
282
221
8,522
3,661
4,860
14,559
1,247
2,910
10,402
3,895
291
155
3,450
847
119
62
667
3,679
2,931
201
547
105
9,099
4,003
5,095
14,931
1,248
2,985
10,699
4,011
284
166
3,561
856
121
26
710
3,575
2,783
203
589
119
405
383
420
279
336
233
281
194
132
302
195
280
437
433
411
448
288
354
247
289
198
131
312
199
304
451
TOTAL
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Men
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Women
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
1
Data not shown where base is less than 100,000.
72
0
O
258
224
223
278
219
206
290
224
223
290
216
170
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-76. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan, urban, and rural areas
by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
1 st Quarter 1987
Metropolitan areas
Employment status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Total
Central
cities
Nonmetropolitan areas
Suburbs
Total
Farm
Nonfarm
Urban
areas
Rural
areas
134,061
87,677
65.4
81,513
47,941
30,331
63.3
28,079
2,252
7.4
17,610
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
....
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
37,825
22,913
60.6
8.7
15,889
2,920
1,942
66.5
1,876
67
3.4
978
1,390
1,153
83.0
1,124
29
2.5
237
16,365
7,301
17,755
13,067
73.6
11,983
1,084
8.3
4,688
40,494
23,409
19,628
10,195
1,284
665
51.7
640
25
3.7
620
56,673
36,252
64.0
84,584
33,218
3,034
8.4
53,685
22,688
6,249
6.7
3,215
5.6
2,167
48,104
20,421
27,684
61,450
48,539
24,359
37,091
29,790
141,257
93,152
65.9
86,904
56,900
67.3
40,745
24,856
61.0
20,813
2,100
9.2
14,911
6,164
7.0
46,384
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population ....
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
No* ;rs labor force
79.0
18,749
77.0
45,480
3,059
6.3
12,911
17,254
68,621
38,972
56.8
28,127
15,563
55.3
14,452
1,110
1,495
8.0
5,610
80.3
28,225
1,564
5.3
11,913
72.8
10,859
1,055
57,732
45,222
78.3
42,240
2,982
6.6
21,473
16,383
76.3
12,509
15,223
1,161
7.1
5,090
18,343
9,530
52.0
8,809
721
7.6
8,813
65,853
37,170
22,395
11,997
56.4
35,000
2,170
5.8
53.6
11,248
748
6.2
10,398
3,117
10,476
5,285
50.4
4,273
1,012
19.1
4,072
1,951
47.9
1,608
342
17.6
1,768
246
125
50.7
112
13
10.3
121
1,647
5,191
2,122
112,115
73,644
65.7
69,207
4,437
6.0
44,320
28,225
63.7
26,275
1,950
38,471
16,095
17,300
10,958
63.3
9,419
2,917
8.9
4,451
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population ..
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
36,799
2,172
5.6
57.8
22,347
51.9
1,062
4.5
9,448
746
7.3
17,085
9,433
3,363
1,594
47.4
1,257
337
21.2
29,649
7.1
12,564
11,186
5,641
50.4
4,624
1,017
18.0
5,545
4,187
1,940
46.3
1,512
428
22.1
2,247
6,999
119,953
42,500
27,527
64.8
77,453
51,940
67.1
49,178
2,763
5.3
25,513
36,482
22,402
61.4
2,830
1,893
66.9
33,652
20,509
60.9
20,615
1,835
1,787
8.0
14,079
3.1
936
18,780
1,729
8.4
13,143
4,878
3,402
69.7
3,042
360
10.6
1,476
3,542
2,053
58.0
1,736
317
15.4
1,489
5,028
3,479
69.2
3,181
298
8.6
1,549
901
571
63.4
478
93
16.4
330
28,683
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
3,701
52.9
3,113
588
15.9
3,298
1,470
47.2
1,145
324
22.1
White
Civilian noninstitutional population ....
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
79,467
66.2
74,867
4,600
5.8
40,486
25,689
1,838
6.7
14,974
58
6.9
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
16,676
10,594
11,798
7,192
63.5
61.0
9,133
1,461
13.8
6,082
6,092
1,100
15.3
4,606
11,792
7,751
65.7
6,763
4,272
63.2
6,972
779
3,791
481
11.3
2,491
82
43
52.6
34
9
0)
3,460
2,010
58.1
1,702
308
15.3
39
1,450
44
30
856
541
63.2
449
92
17.0
315
1,539
14.0
6,342
1,689
57.9
1,451
238
14.1
1,228
Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
1
10.0
4,041
Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Data for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
28
2
15
11,732
7,694
65.6
6,892
802
10.4
4,037
961
627
65.3
557
70
11.1
334
included in both the white and black population groups. These data are based on
1980 census designations and are not comparable to data published through the first
quarter of 1984.
73
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-77. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race and Hispanic
origin
(Numbers in thousands)
1st Quarter 1987
Employment status, race, and
Hispanic origin
Total United States
Poverty
areas
Nonpoverty
areas
Metropolitan areas
Poverty
areas
Nonpoverty
areas
Nonmetropolitan areas
Poverty
areas
Nonpoverty
areas
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over ..
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..
Men
Women
Not in labor force
27,735
15,517
55.9
13,495
2,022
13.0
12.8
10.9
30.1
31.3
28.7
12,218
154,267
102,491
66.4
96,097
6,394
6.2
18,444
10,255
55.6
8,863
1,391
13.6
5.8
5.2
13.7
17.0
18.8
51,776
31.4
33.6
28.9
8,189
16,897
9,632
57.0
139,538
10,081
92,237
66.1
8,611
1,021
86,871
5,366
5.8
5.6
4.7
15.6
17.7
5,731
56.8
5,090
641
11.2
11.4
8.5
26.0
30.8
15.2
10.8
122,812
82,897
67.5
78,040
4,857
5.9
5.4
4.9
16.3
17.8
14.8
39,915
9,291
5,262
56.6
31,454
19,593
62.3
4,632
631
12.0
11.0
11.1
27.5
26.9
28.3
4,028
18,057
6,815
3,901
57.2
3,521
380
29,666
18,501
62.4
17,093
1,537
7.8
7.5
6.3
19.7
22.3
16.7
11,861
White
Civilian noninstitutional population ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years . ..
Men
Women
Not in labor force
10.6
10.6
8.5
23.9
26.4
20.9
7,265
109,872
73,736
13.5
20.1
67.1
69,777
3,959
5.4
5.1
4.3
14.6
16.5
12.7
47,301
4,351
36,136
18.5
22.2
2,914
10,305
7,250
70.4
6,414
836
11.5
9.0
11.2
35.8
35.8
35.7
3,055
7,737
4,198
54.3
3,476
722
17.2
17.8
13.7
39.5
39.0
40.1
8,939
2,176
1,366
6,396
71.5
1,199
55.1
979
220
18.3
15.6
17.5
43.5
854
62.5
757
8,275
4,080
2,332
57.2
2,024
308
13.2
13.5
9.9
25.5
27.2
22.6
9.7
9.5
8.6
20.3
1,408
7.6
7.4
6.0
19.3
21.6
16.6
11,165
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over ..
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .
Men
Women
Not in labor force
9,913
5,397
54.4
4,455
942
17.5
17.3
14.5
40.5
39.0
42.1
4,516
3,538
5,657
738
11.5
8.9
11.2
37.2
35.3
39.0
2,543
O1
()
977
97
11.4
9.4
11.3
O
O
O
512
Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over ..
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..
Men
Women
Not in labor force
4,418
2,524
57.1
2,171
353
14.0
14.1
10.9
27.3
27.4
27.1
1,893
" Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Data for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
74
5,797
70.1
5,278
519
9.0
7.9
8.0
23.6
24.5
22.3
2,478
1,748
7,711
5,419
70.3
4,948
470
8.7
7.5
8.0
22.9
24.2
21.2
2,293
337
192
57.0
147
45
23.3
21.0
22.2
O
O
O
145
564
379
67.2
330
49
12.8
14.1
7.1
O
O
O
185
population groups. These data are based on 1980 census designations
and are not comparable to data published through the first quarter of
1984.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1935 to date
(In thousands)
Goods-producing
Year
and
month
Total
Total
private
Total
Mining
Service-producing
Construc-
Manufac-
tion
turing
Transportation
and
public
utilities
Total
Wholesale
trade
Retail
trade
Finance,
nsurance,
Services
and
real
estate
Government
Federal
State
Local
0
(1)
Annual averages
(1)
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
..
..
..
..
..
27,039
29,068
31,011
29,194
30,603
23,558
25,400
27,255
25,311
26,608
10,893
11,933
12,936
11,401
12,297
897
946
1,015
891
854
927
1,160
1,127
1,070
1,165
9,069
9,827
10,794
9,440
10,278
16,146
17,135
18,075
17,793
18,306
2,786
2,973
3,134
2,863
2,936
0
(11)
()
(1)
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
..
..
32,361
36,539
40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754
28,159
31,877
34,624
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897
13,221
15,963
18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565
925
957
992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930
1,311
1,814
2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194
10,985
13,192
15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441
19,140
20,574
21,636
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189
3,038
3,274
3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001
1,960
1,906
1,822
1,845
1,949
2,291
2,471
2,605
2,602
1950 ..
1951 .,
1952 ..
1953
1954 ..
1955 .....................
1956 ..
1957
...
1958
19592
45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268
39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186
18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411
901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732
2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004
15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675
26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857
4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384
45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189
20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361
712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619
2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575
16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167
33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023
70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823
58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876
23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461
623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958
3,588
3,704
3,869
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463
19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040
90,406
91,156
89,566
90,200
94,496
97,614
100,167
74,166
75,126
73,729
74,330
78,472
81,199
83,432
25,658
25,497
23,813
23,334
24,727
24,930
24,938
1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
930
792
4,346
4,188
3,905
3,948
4,383
4,687
4,960
20,285
20,170
18,781
18,434
19,378
19,314
19,186
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
...
..
..
..
..
..
...
..
..
...
. . . . . .
..
. . . . . .
..
..
..
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
...
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,320
1,373
1,417
1,410
1,447
3,128
3,312
3,503
3,458
3,502
753
826
833
829
905
O
O
01
(1)
()
n
(O1)
5,251
5,212
5,160
5,214
5,365
6,084
6,485
6,667
6,662
1,485
1,525
1,509
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828
3,665
3,905
4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,240
996
1,340
2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
()
O
01
(1)
(1)
()
O
(1)
01
()
01
(1)
(1)
()
0
(1)
2,635
2,727
2,812
2,854
2,867
2,926
3,018
3,028
2,980
3,082
6,751
7,015
7,192
7,393
7,368
7,610
7,840
7,858
7,770
8,045
1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2 481
2,549
5,357
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087
1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233
01
(1)
(1)
()
01
()
1,328
1,415
1,484
(11)
(1)
(1)
()
(11)
(1)
()
4,071
4,232
4,366
4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442
3,143
3,133
3,198
3,248
3,337
3,466
3,597
3,689
3,779
3,907
8,248
8,204
8,368
8,530
8,823
9,250
9,648
9,917
10,320
10,798
2,629
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512
7,378
7,620
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169
2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758
1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533
4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904
47,302
48,278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363
4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136
3,993
4,001
4,113
4,277
4,433
4,415
4,546
4,708
4,969
5,204
11,047
11,351
11,836
12,329
12,554
12,645
13,209
13,808
14,573
14,989
3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975
11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,303
16,252
17,112
2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773
2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541
7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633
64,748
65,659
65,753
66,866
69769
72,684
75,229
5,146
5,165
5,082
4,954
5,159
5,242
5,286
5,275
5,358
5,278
5,268
5,555
5,740
5,853
15,035
15,189
15,179
15,613
16,545
17,360
17,978
5,160
5,298
5,341
5,468
5,689
5,953
6,305
17,890
18,619
19,036
19,694
20,797
21,974
23,072
2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,375
2,899
3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,848
3,937
9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,692
9,899
(1)
0
0
0
o
Monthly dat£i, seasonally adjustec
1986:
99,484
March...
99,783
April...
99,918
May
June
. . . . 99,843
100,105
July
.......
100,283
August
100,560
September
October
... 100,826
101,068
November
101,322
December...
82,785
83,072
83,198
83,161
83,508
83,655
83,786
83,956
84,178
84,394
24,945
25,038
24,965
24,854
24,869
24,888
24,858
24,865
24,891
24,920
852
821
790
772
768
753
743
746
742
738
4,838
4,972
4,974
4.947
4,980
5,012
5,010
5,001
4,993
4,996
19,255
19,245
19,201
19,135
19,121
19,123
19,105
19,118
19,156
19,186
74,539
74,745
74,953
74,989
75,236
75,395
75,702
75,961
76,177
76,402
5,280
5,266
5,265
5,167
5,288
5,255
5,316
5,316
5,351
5,359
5,841
5,864
5,872
5,829
5,849
5,863
5,859
5,864
5,859
5,859
17,828
17,851
17,911
17,944
17,992
18,030
18,065
18,143
18,197
18,206
6,184
6,228
6,261
6,295
6,334
6,364
6,388
6,409
6,429
6,472
22,707
22,825
22,924
23,072
23,176
23,255
23,300
23,359
23,451
23,578
2,923
2,914
2,899
2,875
2,866
2,875
2,901
2,896
2,899
2,907
3,927
3,938
3,936
3,927
3,921
3,919
3,932
3,959
3,965
3,983
9,849
9,859
9,885
9,880
9,810
9,834
9,941
10,015
10,026
10,038
1987:
January p
February
MarchP
84,708
84,958
85,060
25,008
25,040
24,972
731
732
735
5,109
5,094
5,047
19,168
19,214
19,190
76,618
76,822
77,054
5,382
5,389
5,411
5,864
5,876
5,880
18,289
18,376
18,411
6,495
6,518
6,554
23,670
23,759
23,832
2,914
2,915
2,924
3,983
3,984
4,003
10,021
10,005
10,039
..
... 101,626
101,862
102,026
1
Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 1959
benchmark month.
p
— preliminary.
2
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1985
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1985) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1982) are subject to revision.
75
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)
Industry
1972
SIC
Code
Total ..
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
507
507
43.6
9.6
13.8
32.6
6.6
9.9
32.2
6.5
9.9
31.5
6.2
10.7
32.7
7.4
10.9
147.7
145.9
146.8
145.0
134.4
132.6
133.6
131.8
356.8
119.8
237.0
331.2
116.2
213.0
266.4
105.9
160.5
265.3
105.4
159.9
74.0
25.8
77.7
27.7
75.0
26.1
74.9
26.1
4,633
3,317
3,404
3,593
3,475
1,197.2 1,200.9 1,235.8 1,200.2 1,204.4
589.7 588.4
626.1
605.0
56.8
57.3
53.5
54.3
555.7
550.2
556.2 540.9
865.8
412.1
30.2
423.5
872.9
414.5
30.1
428.3
898.0
442.4
27.1
428.5
862.3
421.0
27.7
413.6
516.9
145.4
371.5
548.6
165.4
383.2
528.6
170.6
358.0
513.1
166.3
346.8
726
722
43.9
8.8
12.9
43.9
8.8
13.2
42.3
8.4
13.6
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining ..
11,12
12
181.0
178.7
179.8
177.6
164.7| 163.6
162.6
161.5
Oil and gas extraction
|13
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids ... 131,2
*n
138
Oil and gas field services .
542.2
249.3
292.9
514.2
247.5
266.7
418.2
214.6
203.6
415.1
212.6
202.5
100.4
33.0
29.8
20.1
104.2
34.9
31.4
20.0
100.4
33.9
29.6
19.5
100.0
33.5
29.6
19.4
4,353
4,441
4,675
4,559
14
142
144
147
Construction .
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
15
152
153
154
Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway ....
16
161
162
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning ...
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating .
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
Manufacturing
Durable goods.
Feb.
1987P
588
842
10
101
102
76
Jan.
1987
611
868
Metal mining ..
Iron ores
Copper ores .
See footnotes at end of table.
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987P
81,165 81,604 83,289 83,324 83,862 65,407 65,795 67,134 67,143 67,633
Mining
Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
Feb.
1986
98,113 98,617 100,185 100,500 101,148
Total private.
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals
Mar.
1987P
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
648.3
186.8
461.5
679.2
208.0
471.2
651.7
216.0
435.7
726
414.7
634.7
212.1
422.6
509
3,542
1,934.2 1,982.7 2,166.2 2,099.9
444.3
476.7
468.9
442.8
120.8
134.9
131.5
117.4
378.4
411.9
404.3
381.6
348.1
391.8
377.6
334.8
117.8
130.0
127.0
117.7
143.8
162.9
148.8
131.9
2,507.2 2,561.0 2,787.7 2,723.7
644.1
609.7
652.2
607.3
160.2
148.3
145.3
163.8
527.5
494.2
497.2
534.7
450.1
411.1
397.4
465.1
169.1
158.1
157.5
172.2
191.6
182.2
170.1
204.8
19,137
19,148
19,005
19,062
19,082
11,381
11,384
11,193
11,231
11,246
690.6
77.0
189.5
155.8
30.4
238.9
92.8
62.9
24.0
39.0
40.4
68.3
49.2
76.5
695.9
74.1
191.4
157.5
30.4
243.1
94.0
64.8
24.3
39.7
41.3
68.6
49.3
11A
726.0
77.0
201.5
164.8
33.0
260.9
100.6
71.2
25.4
41.7
40.8
68.2
46.8
77.6
728.8
76.8
202.4
165.5
33.3
262.2
101.8
71.4
25.5
41.7
40.5
68.1
46.9
78.8
732.0
12,973 12,982
12,893
12,950
12,981
7,525
7,528
7,385
7,423
7,447
578.9
64.8
167.0
137.7
26.5
197.6
74.6
50.7
21.1
35.8
34.0
51.6
38.9
63.9
584.1
62.2
169.4
139.7
26.7
201.1
75.5
52.5
21.3
36.4
34.9
51.9
39.1
64.6
604.5
64.7
175.6
143.3
29.0
214.7
80.6
57.1
22.1
38.0
34.4
51.2
37.4
63.9
607.4
64.3
176.7
144.3
29.2
216.1
81.9
57.3
22.3
38.0
34.3
51.1
37.5
64.9
609.3
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
SIC
uode
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
Production workers
All employees
1972
Industry
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259
495.2
296.9
132.7
92.3
31.1
28.1
66.0
26.2
67.6
38.5
494.8
297.0
132.3
92.4
31.2
28.2
65.9
25.9
67.8
38.2
503.8
303.5
135.4
95.7
32.5
28.2
67.0
27.1
69.0
37.2
505.0
305.8
136.0
96.6
33.3
28.3
66.4
27.4
68.3
37.1
506.0
-
395.9
249.3
115.3
76.2
25.7
21.3
51.0
20.0
49.1
26.5
396.0
249.7
115.0
76.4
25.7
21.7
51.1
19.8
49.4
26.0
403.5
255.8
118.4
79.5
26.7
21.2
52.2
20.9
49.5
25.1
404.5
258.4
119.0
80.5
27.6
21.5
51.3
21.1
48.7
25.0
406.5
-
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool..
32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296
571.3
15.2
91.2
47.1
44.1
52.3
22.7
36.9
34.6
194.2
18.3
67.2
88.2
112.6
20.2
10.5
26.6
578.9
15.2
90.6
47.0
43.6
52.4
22.8
37.0
35.0
201.0
18.9
68.6
93.0
113.1
20.1
10.5
27.0
573.8
14.6
91.4
46.8
44.6
53.3
21.6
37.2
34.4
201.4
19.6
66.7
94.7
108.5
20.0
10.3
24.8
572.6
14.5
91.0
46.6
44.4
53.5
21.8
37.1
34.3
199.8
19.2
67.2
93.1
108.5
19.9
10.4
24.6
578.9
-
435.8
11.9
77.8
42.3
35.5
36.6
17.6
28.4
27.4
148.0
12.2
51.0
68.9
79.0
13.3
7.9
443.4
11.9
77.2
42.1
35.1
36.7
17.8
28.4
27.6
154.6
12.6
52.3
73.6
79.9
13.3
7.9
439.3
11.4
78.0
42.1
35.9
37.5
16.6
29.0
27.1
153.6
13.0
49.7
75.1
77.3
13.2
7.8
439.1
11.3
77.5
41.7
35.8
37.4
16.8
29.1
27.3
152.5
12.8
50.3
73.7
77.6
13.2
7.9
446.2
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361
794.8
298.0
232.5
23.3
139.2
87.4
9.9
28.2
41.7
23.8
187.5
23.5
30.6
80.8
84.6
52.1
791.1
295.0
229.2
23.2
138.7
87.4
9.9
27.7
41.7
23.8
187.4
23.6
30.8
80.5
84.9
52.5
741.8
263.8
200.6
21.5
132.4
82.7
8.9
26.4
40.2
23.1
182.3
23.2
29.1
77.9
82.4
50.8
753.0
273.3
209.8
21.4
132.7
82.9
9.3
26.0
39.9
23.0
183.0
23.4
29.3
78.2
83.3
51.4
758.6
278.0
-
603.9
230.4
182.6
16.9
109.6
71.5
7.0
20.7
29.5
17.4
133.6
18.1
22.0
57.7
68.1
42.6
600.7
227.4
179.3
16.7
109.5
71.7
7.0
20.4
29.5
17.4
133.6
18.2
22.3
57.3
68.4
42.9
553.2
196.4
150.0
15.5
103.7
67.1
6.3
19.4
27.5
15.7
129.3
18.1
21.1
54.3
66.5
41.7
563.5
204.5
157.6
15.5
104.0
67.2
6.6
19.2
27.5
15.8
130.5
18.2
21.4
55.0
67.0
42.0
570.2
208.9
-
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers .
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
1,442.8 1,443.9 1,422.9 1,421.2 1,421.6 1,064.2 1,065.1 1,049.8 1,049.2 1,051.9
49.7
50.0
48.2
48.4
58.0
58.3
56.4
56.6
40.7
41.0
39.4
46.5
46.8
45.2
45.4
39.6
104.7 104.8 102.5 102.0
142.4 139.7 139.4
142.3
35.3
35.5
35.3
35.4
48.6
48.5
48.6
49.0
60.3
60.4
77.7
58.8
58.2
80.5
78.3
80.5
47.6
66.6
65.9
66.3
65.6
47.5
46.8
46.8
18.9
18.8
18.6
18.5
25.8
25.7
25.5
25.4
20.4
29.1
28.6
29.6
29.0
19.6
19.1
19.7
427.4 428.1
297.8 298.4 297.9 294.3
426.2 422.0
53.2
53.0
50.2
71.2
49.8
75.0
74.8
71.6
64.1
65.3
87.8
63.8
64.2
87.0
87.5
89.0
60.9
60.4
93.0
58.0
57.9
96.8
96.1
93.0
78.3
79.0
80.6
79.7
109.2 108.1
107.1
107.9
21.4
29.0
20.2
20.1
20.8
27.8
28.2
27.8
See footnotes at end of table.
77
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products
1972
SIC
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1986
97.0
45.7
51.3
241.4
34.0
104.1
92.5
112.7
75.2
37.5
77.8
44.2
219.6
84.5
51.2
Mar.
1986
97.4
45.7
51.7
242.4
34.1
104.4
93.0
112.6
75.0
37.6
78.6
44.3
218.2
84.1
51.0
Jan.
1987
96.6
45.0
51.6
232.6
31.5
99.1
91.5
115.7
76.5
39.2
81.1
46.9
208.3
78.1
50.4
Feb.
1987P
97.0
45.5
51.5
234.6
31.6
100.7
92.0
116.4
76.6
39.8
81.0
46.9
208.6
77.6
50.8
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
73.9
36.9
37.0
193.7
26.1
89.2
70.4
90.3
61.0
29.3
48.5
27.0
158.1
56.1
38.7
Mar.
1986
74.4
37.0
37.4
194.8
26.3
89.4
71.1
90.2
60.7
29.5
48.9
26.9
156.8
56.0
38.5
Jan.
1987
73.8
36.7
37.1
186.2
24.2
84.4
69.9
92.7
62.1
30.6
51.3
29.3
149.6
51.5
37.9
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
74.1
37.1
37.0
188.1
24.3
85.9
70.5
93.1
61.8
31.3
52.0
29.8
150.4
51.3
38.4
Machinery, except electrical...
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment .
Industrial trucks and tractors
.
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures .. ..
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment ., .
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves .
Machinery, except electrical, nee .
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599
2,126.7 2,122.3 2,024.8 2,042.6 2,046.2 1,276.3 1,274.5 1,202.5 1,217.2 1,222.3
59.0
59.0
63.4
63.4
94.2
94.0
100.2 100.3
15.7
16.1
17.6
17.4
29.8
32.7
29.5
32.7
43.3
42.9
45.8
46.0
64.2
64.7
67.6
67.5
68.2
57.7
68.6
67.5
89.5 100.9
99.2
98.5
44.4
35.8
46.7
45.9
61.1
71.5
70.8
70.6
210.2 216.5
243.6 240.1
149.5 147.4 122.8 128.7
47.1
41.9
51.3
73.5
84.1
51.0
78.8
83.8
11.3
10.5
12.1
12.3
18.7
17.8
19.3
19.5
23.3
23.5
34.6
36.9
40.1
40.2
59.7
56.2
15.5
15.5
16.5
16.3
30.2
30.2
30.5
30.5
17.4
17.3
17.3
17.4
24.5
24.7
24.9
25.0
215.3 213.9
220.2 220.1
308.6 301.5 300.5
308.1
30.3
31.2
33.8
33.6
49.3
53.5
53.5
48.5
11.0
11.0
11.3
11.2
18.1
18.2
18.6
18.6
111.5
111.0 111.7 111.8
145.0
143.8! 144.9
143.1
36.6
36.6
38.0
38.1
52.7
52.6
54.81
54.9
14.7
14.7
15.4
15.4
20.2
20.3
21.2
21.3
94.3
93.8
97.2
97.3
158.7 158.5
163.8
164.3
23.2
23.1
23.5
23.3
38.2
38.2
38.8
38.3
12.7
12.5
12.1
12.0
18.8
18.7
18.0
17.8
16.1
16.3
16.8
16.9
27.8
28.1
29.1
29.0
165.6
166.1
167.7
167.9
265.3 264.6 260.4 260.5
26.1
26.2
28.9
29.2
45.7
45.4
48.7
49.2
34.6
34.6
33.9
33.8
45.9
45.6
46.1
46.2
13.0
13.0
13.5
13.9
23.3
23.3
24.1
24.4
20.9
20.9
19.9
19.7
32.4
32.6
31.6
31.6
13.9
14.1
14.4
14.2
20.6
20.7
20.6
20.4
10.6
10.8
10.7
10.7
15.8
15.7
16.0
15.9
152.7
154.5
173.0 171.7
489.3 486.7 461.2 460.3
124.3
140.4 125.2
142.1
426.0 423.3 400.8 400.5
122.4
120.5
119.3
118.9
170.2 169.2 171.3
169.9
90.7
89.3
86.8
86.5
120.5 120.8 122.5 124.1
212.8 212.4
218.6 219.1
279.9
288.0 288.3 280.1
28.4
28.1
29.8
29.3
34.0
34.3
36.0
36.6
184.0
189.3 184.7
189.3
245.6
252.0 251.7 246.1
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers ..
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
2,176.3 2,175.3 2,155.6 2,149.9 2,146.6 1,257.1 1,254.9 1,247.9 1,244.0 1,244.8
83.6
83.3
84.3
114.4 114.1
83.1
115.9 116.7
39.2
40.0
39.7
39.8
53.8
53.6
53.8
53.3
44.4
43.3
44.6
43.3
60.6
60.
62.9
62.6
138.6 137.3 136.6
138.8
196.9
197.4 197.7 197.3
76.2
76.4
76.5
76.5
99.9
99.7
98.9
98.7
35.5
35.9
37.3
37.5
61.1
60.6
62.4
62.4
109.6 109.9
104.7 106.
133.9 135.3 138.9 139.3
22.3
20.0
22.4
27.5
27.3
20.9
26.4
25.5
17.8
17.5
18.1
23.0
23.0
17.6
21.9
21.7
27.3
26.3
27.1
35.4
35.8
26.9
35.9
35.6
See footnotes at end of table.
78
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
SIC
uode
Durable goods—Continued
Electrical and electronic equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment..
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts .,
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts ....
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases
38
381
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles ..
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays
39
391
3911
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
Production workers
All employees
1972
Industry
Jan.
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
1987
196.5
27.5
79.6
17.9
27.5
80.2
63.1
663.1
127.0
536.1
637.7
42.5
266.8
259.9
151.6
28.5
64.1
194.9
27.4
79.2
17.7
26.6
79.3
62.8
663.0
125.7
537.3
638.1
42.8
267.1
259.7
150.3
27.7
63.8
189.1
27.4
75.0
16.8
26.2
77.6
60.5
652.3
117.0
535.3
635.1
41.6
263.4
261.2
150.9
29.5
64.6
Feb.
1987 P
Mar.
1987P
189.7
27.5
75.1
16.7
27.0
77.3
59.9
648.6
115.9
532.7
633.9
41.3
263.0
260.8
150.1
28.9
64.2
Feb.
1986
142.2
23.7
52.2
12.6
21.1
55.6
43.6
277.2
73.8
203.4
350.0
24.9
99.4
175.1
105.0
22.5
47.9
Jan.
Mar.
1986
1987
141.1
23.6
52.2
12.5
20.2
54.6
43.2
275.8
73.0
202.8
351.4
25.4
99.4
175.5
102.9
21.6
47.0
136.1
23.3
48.5
12.0
19.9
52.4
40.4
271.0
68.6
202.4
353.1
25.8
101.0
174.6
105.1
22.9
49.4
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
136.7
23.4
48.8
11.8
20.6
52.2
39.8
269.7
68.3
201.4
351.5
25.6
100.3
173.9
104.3
22.4
48.9
1,997.6 1,991.3 1,978.7 1,988.3 1,980.2 1,260.8 1,253.6 1,240.5 1,250.5 1,242.8
861.3 857.7 822.2 833.2 821.8 664.5 661.2 634.8 645.4 634.6
394.9 392.0 364.6 375.4
294.5 291.5 271.0 280.2
38.7
37.3
31.0
30.1
29.1
29.0
39.7
37.3
309.0 307.0 300.8 300.3
386.9 384.6 375.9 374.0
26.9
27.1
26.1
21.1
20.5
19.6
20.6
27.5
687.4
324.2 320.9 342.2 341.1
665.5 661.9 689.1
147.7 164.2 163.6
146.6
346.6 347.4 367.4 367.6
77.7
78.3
152.3
75.5
80.6
151.8
147.9
153.3
99.7
99.8
97.7
165.6
97.0
168.0
166.6 169.4
135.6
135.8
140.7 139.9
182.2 182.4
186.7 186.4
94.7
96.0
102.7 100.8
138.0 132.8 131.8
139.6
40.9
39.8
39.1
38.0
49.4
48.4
47.1
50.6
17.1
22.2
21.9
16.8
25.0
31.4
25.5
31.6
65.7
65.6
62.8
62.7
194.0 193.1
185.7
184.7
48.2
46.8
47.8
46.9
147.9
148.1
143.0
142.3
37.7
36.8
37.6
37.5
55.2
53.9
55.1
55.0
17.9
17.0
16.9
16.6
21.7
22.8
21.1
21.5
706.6
-
391.0
35.8
138.9
27.2
28.4
55.6
16.3
109.1
48.8
52.0
26.4
56.5
8.0
392.1
36.3
139.3
27.4
28.4
55.6
16.2
109.9
49.3
52.3
26.1
56.5
7.8
383.0
36.5
135.3
25.8
27.1
51.9
15.3
111.1
50.7
52.0
28.1
48.7
8.0
382.8
36.7
135.7
26.5
26.9
52.0
15.3
110.4
50.3
51.8
28.4
48.3
8.0
383.7
-
111.2
11.2
705.0
82.6
244.3
41.6
52.3
104.3
31.1
182.6
86.4
81.3
42.1
110.9
11.4
359.5
51.6
34.6
15.2
94.3
40.8
53.5
31.4
38.9
22.6
128.1
54.5
364.2
52.0
34.8
15.2
97.6
43.3
54.3
31.8
39.8
23.6
127.8
53.6
369.3
-
260.6
36.1
24.3
11.1
69.3
28.5
40.8
21.4
28.4
15.9
94.3
38.3
263.3
36.6
24.5
11.5
70.7
29.5
41.2
21.4
28.8
16.0
94.3
38.8
260.3
35.6
23.5
12.4
70.1
28.9
41.2
21.6
29.9
17.5
90.7
37.7
264.5
35.9
23.7
12.4
72.8
31.1
41.7
21.7
30.9
18.5
90.8
37.2
269.3
_
722.8
83.7
252.3
42.7
55.4
109.8
32.9
180.8
85.8
80.0
39.7
122.0
11.4
724.2
83.9
252.8
43.0
55.4
109.9
32.8
182.0
86.6
80.4
39.4
122.1
11.2
706.5
82.4
245.3
41.4
53.1
104.5
31.2
183.7
87.1
81.7
41.5
363.3
53.6
36.2
14.0
94.7
42.3
52.4
32.0
37.7
21.1
131.3
54.5
366.0
54.0
36.5
14.4
96.2
43.3
52.9
32.0
38.1
21.3
131.3
55.2
See footnotes at end of table.
79
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats ..
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
1972
SIC
Code
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209
Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes
21
211
Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists .
Women's and misses' dresses ..„
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
See footnotes at end of table.
80
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987 P
Mar.
1987 P
5,508 5,527 5,534
5,454
7,756 7,764 7,812
7,836 5,448
7,831
1,574.3 1,573.0 1,604.4 1,600.5 1,596.1 1,092.7 1,090.1 1,120.4 1,117.0 1,114.0
324.2
325.1
316.3
315.3
372.9 384.0 382.8
371.3
116.8
140.0
118.1
118.4
118.5
141.3
141.6
141.4
54.1
73.8
54.5
53.6
53.8
74.3
73.6
73.7
130.0
129.3
122.7
143.8
134.0
132.5
121.5
143.3
97.3
97.5
95.4
162.4
160.3
94.5
162.8
161.3
29.8
29.8
29.8
29.5
38.6
38.5
38.5
39.0
44.1
44.0
42.4
42.1
88.1
88.0
86.8
86.5
210.4 211.9
208.8
172.5
169.8
169.2
167.8
214.9
16.9
17.0
16.4
17.1
24.3
24.1
23.5
24.3
54.7
54.0
51.0
50.5
69.7
68.9
65.2
64.3
40.0
35.9
41.6
40.4
45.7
41.6
46.7
47.9
84.3
84.0
83.2
83.7
122.8
122.5
122.8
123.2
15.1
15.2
14.9
15.0
22.5
22.1
22.3
22.3
27.2
27.2
27.5
27.8
43.2
44.3
44.5
43.1
128.6
125.7
124.7
210.2 210.7 214.9 213.3
129.6
91.5
89.9
89.6
166.2
166.4
92.3
167.6
168.8
37.1
35.8
35.1
44.5
43.8
37.3
45.7
46.1
77.3
68.9
75.0
80.9
99.2
103.4
89.9
96.5
19.0
14.2
17.7
19.8
25.2
18.8
24.1
22.6
44.7
42.1
43.6
47.3
57.9
52.1
53.8
55.1
25.3
26.2
26.2
24.6
33.9
35.6
35.6
34.9
91.4
89.5
88.8
91.4
212.2
210.8
211.9 212.4
27.2
27.4
27.2
26.6
43.0
42.8
42.4
43.2
40.3
40.0
39.5
40.7
124.1
124.7
124.7
124.0
116.1
116.7
157.8
157.2
157.6
117.5
115.7
159.1
63.0
43.6
60.9
43.2
61.7
43.0
59.8
42.5
56.9
47.1
32.0
45.2
31.8
46.9
31.9
45.0
31.4
41.9
700.4
101.6
89.2
16.6
21.1
199.3
35.3
34.2
65.3
24.0
22.4
58.4
22.6
21.5
57.3
101.9
72.8
16.0
55.0
703.4
101.5
88.8
16.7
21.3
200.7
35.6
34.7
66.0
23.5
22.8
58.4
22.5
21.5
57.6
102.8
73.4
16.1
55.6
718.6
102.0
91.5
16.7
21.3
204.9
35.3
35.2
69.9
23.2
23.4
58.9
22.8
21.8
59.4
108.1
111
17.3
55.8
721.5
102.8
91.6
16.8
21.6
206.0
35.2
35.4
70.4
23.1
23.6
58.8
22.8
21.7
59.5
108.2
78.3
17.1
56.2
723.5
605.1
91.7
79.3
14.0
18.1
173.0
31.4
30.5
57.0
19.8
19.3
49.0
19.2
17.5
47.4
90.3
65.6
14.0
42.3
607.8
91.5
79.1
14.0
18.4
174.1
31.6
30.9
57.7
19.3
19.7
49.2
19.2
17.5
47.6
90.9
66.1
13.8
43.0
623.4
91.9
81.5
13.7
18.5
179.8
31.3
31.6
62.2
19.9
20.3
49.3
19.3
17.6
48.4
96.8
70.4
15.3
43.5
626.4
92.7
81.6
13.8
18.8
180.8
31.4
31.7
62.7
19.9
20.5
49.4
19.4
17.6
48.6
97.0
71.0
15.0
43.7
628.9
1,123.2 1,119.9 1,108.2 1,117.3 1,119.1
59.7
60.0
60.6
62.0
317.3 315.5 315.7 316.6
85.6
85.5
84.8
84.3
53.8
54.3
57.0
57.4
98.9
98.7
97.3
99.9
357.1
363.8 365.5 348.2
52.9
51.8
52.5
52.7
91.4
88.0
99.4
97.0
42.8
40.0
40.6
41.4
170.0
168.4
173.0
172.7
947.6
53.5
274.7
72.9
50.,
87.7
305.
44.1
82.
34.0
145.0
944.2
52.2
273.1
73.2
49.9
85.4
306.9
43.8
84.7
33.0
145.4
935.1
51.6
273.1
73.3
47.8
86.6
292.9
43.0
73.0
32.i
144.7
943.4
51.3
273.7
73.4
47.2
86.7
301.2
43.8
76.4
34.8
146.2
943.9
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services ..
1972
SIC
Code
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396
26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
77.4
61.7
15.7
63.5
26.3
41.7
179.4
25.6
49.6
36.9
76.2
60.5
15.7
61.6
25.1
41.8
180.8
26.2
49.8
37.6
73.8
59.2
14.6
63.6
26.9
41.1
187.7
27.5
51.0
39.5
73.5
59.0
14.5
61.9
26.1
41.7
188.8
27.3
51.5
39.4
682.1
195.9
171.8
55.2
235.1
58.9
27.6
52.6
195.9
42.2
103.7
23.7
684.7
690.3
196.5
172.2
54.8
689.7
196.1
196.2
171.9
55.1
236.8
58.7
27.7
52.7
196.6
42.6
104.0
23.8
239.9
59.8
28.1
54.4
199.1
42.8
104.3
24.5
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
64.7
53.1
11.6
53.6
23.3
34.7
146.7
20.5
41.8
30.7
63.7
52.0
11.7
51.3
21.9
34.6
148.2
21.0
42.0
31.5
61.3
50.7
10.6
53.6
23.7
34.2
154.1
22.2
43.1
33.2
60.9
50.4
10.5
52.2
23.0
34.7
155.1
22.0
43.6
33.3
516.8
519.4
150.2
130.7
42.1
174.6
36.6
21.4
41.5
152.5
33.7
78.8
20.0
523.6
149.6
130.3
523.7
149.0
129.6
41.2
179.1
79.3
20.9
79.1
838.0
171.5
37.2
60.1
36.2
23.9
42.1
369.2
819.5
170.2
32.6
61.0
37.2
23.8
42.6
372.4
62.2
38.4
23.8
46.0
378.5
840.2
171.4
37.0
63.2
39.3
23.9
46.8
379.2
122.3
233.5
33.6
36.8
21.2
41.3
151.9
33.3
78.7
19.8
41.6
177.7
37.6
22.1
43.2
154.7
33.7
Mar.
1987P
523.3
38.1
22.1
43.4
154.4
33.6
21.1
1,465.2 1,470.8 1,498.9 1,504.1 1,507.2
458.7 461.3
458.5
461.0
112.8
112.1
113.9
115.1
112.7
114.0
116.5
117.4
82.9
84.1
86.4
87.2
29.8
29.9
30.1
30.2
77.2
78.4
85.1
86.1
507.5 510.7 522.8 525.2
164.3 164.7 169.2 168.8
315.6
318.0 324.7
327.1
47.6
47.6
47,4
47.3
73.1
73.7
74.3
74.5
52.8
52.8
54.9
55.0
814.5
120.1
227.6
33.3
58.9
39.5
120.9
229.5
33.4
59.4
39.6
122.8
232.7
33.7
59.7
59.9
41.3
41.2
1,028.3 1,029.8 1,013.8 1,017.2 1,017.8
139.0 138.9 133.5 133.5
88.3
90.9
91.1
88.1
167.9 167.8 164.6 163.9
74.1
74.5
74.3
74.6
63.2
59.9
59.8
63.1
203.8 204.3 207.0 207.7
164.3
167.1
167.8
164.8
145.0
146.9
149.2
146.3
41.2
41.1
41.0
41.1
63.5
66.7
64.7
64.9
40.5
40.9
40.3
41.5
63.0
63.1 i
61.8
62.4
151.4
157.0
155.8
151.5
30.5
30.11
28.6
28.6
126.5 125.7 122.9 122.8
58.4
59.2
55.7
56.4
571.8
71.0
48.6
112.8
44.7
45.1
95.4
76.1
90.9
26.2
42.9
21.8
30.2
81.4
20.3
61.1
36.3
53.8
573.0
70.8
48.7
113.2
44.8
45.2
96.0
76.7
92.6
26.3
44.3
22.0
30.2
80.9
20.0
60.9
36.9
52.4
566.2
68.7
48.7
110.5
44.4
43.3
96.5
77.2
91.8
25.8
44.3
21.7
30.2
82.4
19.1
63.3
34.3
51.8
571.7
68.9
49.2
109.8
44.1
43.3
97.7
78.4
94.5
25.9
46.1
22.5
30.5
83.6
19.1
64.5
35.0
51.7
572.6
100.2
77.3
16.5
100.8
77.1
17.4
99.0
75.2
17.8
99.7
75.7
17.9
101.4
289
94.2
94.4
92.8
92.7
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials
29
291
295
163.3
129.7
22.6
163.7
155.3
120.7
155.3
2861,9
287
Feb.
1986
150.0
130.5
42.3
172.6
198.5
42.6
104.1
24.6
28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2842,3
285
286
2865
690.1
171.3
54.7
240.4
59.6
28.0
54.6
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations ....
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products
2841
2844
Mar.
1987P
129.2
23.5
23.8
120.4
24.0
155.8
170.7
32.3
842.8
See footnotes at end of table.
SI
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1972
SIC
oode
Nondurable goods—Continued
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic ., .
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .
Production workers
All employees
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
15.5
83.4
459.7
15.4
84.3
462.9
150.9
-
131.1
11.8
80.8
32.9
30.1
7.9
16.9
129.8
11.8
79.8
32.5
29.4
8.1
16.1
124.0
11.2
75.1
30.5
29.7
7.5
15.3
124.7
11.1
75.8
30.9
29.5
7.5
15.3
125.4
-
5,316
5,344
4,311
4,312
4,386
4,391
4,420
3,083
3,083
3,108
267.5
87.4
_
32.2
-
269.7
87.7
_
32.0
-
273.2
88.2
_
30.8
-
274.9
89.0
_
30.8
-
21.6
108.6
564.5
21.7
109.2
567.0
21.7
108.8
582.5
21.5
109.6
585.7
31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317
158.7
14.2
95.7
41.0
34.3
10.9
20.9
157.0
14.1
94.6
40.7
33.5
11.0
20.1
149.5
13.5
88.3
37.7
33.4
10.5
18.9
150.1
13.6
88.7
37.9
33.2
10.4
19.0
5,206
5,215
5,312
2,990
3,001
325.0
294.0
325.5
295.0
298.3
268.5
291.4
261.9
Local and interurban passenger transit.
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses
41
411
412
413
415
288.4
94.7
37.8
35.7
97.9
290.4
95.0
37.5
35.4
99.0
295.1
96.1
37.1
33.9
103.8
296.7
97.0
37.4
33.7
103.5
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals .
Public warehousing
42
421,3
422
Water transportation
Local water transportation
Water transportation services
44
445
446
177.1
25.5
94.7
179.7
25.9
96.5
175.2
24.9
98.7
175.2
25.1
98.0
Transportation by air
Air transportation
Air transportation services .
45
451,2
458
536.2
471.0
65.2
535.7
469.6
66.1
583.0
514.0
69.0
583.8
515.3
68.5
Pipe lines, except natural gas .
46
18.5
18.3
17.7
17.6
Transportation services.
Freight forwarding
47
471
285.7
64.5
286.4
65.7
296.0
73.7
300.5
74.6
Wholesale trade .
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment ,
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Automotive parts and supplies
See footnotes at end of table.
82
50
501
5012
5013
639.3
-
14.7
84.0
450.6
303,4
306
307
49
491
492
493
495
Mar.
1987P
14.6
83.4
448.6
815.0
86.5
11.7
40
4011
Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
Feb.
1987P
635.3
63.0
9.7
811.4
86.7
11.7
48
481
483
4832
4833
Jan.
1987
631.2
62.8
9.8
800.5
90.1
12.5
Railroad transportation .
Class I railroads2
Communication and public utilities
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting
Television broadcasting
Mar.
1986
624.5
64.5
10.7
797.6
90.3
12.6
Transportation
Feb.
1986
620.9
63.6
10.7
30
301
302
Transportation and public utilities .
Mar.
1987P
818.8
_
1,359? 1,364.8 1,417.7 1,417.5
1,265.2 1,272.6 1,316.7 1,318.6
98.9
101.0
92.2
94.0
2,229 2,233
2,216 2,214
1,298.7 1,298.6 1,303.6 1,307.4
884.8 883.5 887.2 889.1
241.3 240.6
242.0 243.3
116.1
115.7
115.2
116.1
125.4
125.2
127.2
126.3
1,178.7 1,183.6 1,232.9 1,232.4
1,100.0 1,106.6 1,148.0 1,149.7
84.9
82.7
78.7
77.0
2,236
-
13.5
13.4
12.9
12.8
_
993.2
660.6
198.2
-
_
994.3
660.1
199.5
-
_
979.9
644.2
198.6
-
_
984.5
646.8
198.4
-
729.2
348.9
131.7
169.0
58.4
727.0
349.0
129.6
168.8
58.2
730.3
351.4
128.8
166.5
61.4
729.8
351.6
128.5
166.0
61.5
917.7
451.1
167.6
205.0
67.8
915.1
451.2
165.1
204.8
67.6
925.2
458.8
163.0
204.7
70.9
925.3
459.5
162.5
204.7
70.8
5,794
5,803
5,826
5,826
5,842
4,648
4,651
4,658
4,656
3,461
426.2
107.7
287.7
3,466
424.7
107.5
286.4
3,478
428.9
108.5
289.1
3,476
426.7
108.0
287.9
3,484
-
2,759
340.9
_
2,760
339.5
_
2,759
343.6
-
2,753
341.7
4,66*
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, TV and radios
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies ., .
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Commercial machines and equipment
Construction and mining machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Industrial machinery and equipment..
Industrial supplies
Professional equipment and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wines and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
Farm supplies
1972
SIC
Code
502
5021
5023
503
5031
5039
504
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
509
5093
51
511
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191
Retail trade
Production workers
All employees
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
137.4
133.1
133.6
137.8
59.3
57.5
59.5
57.5
78.1
75.6
78.3
76.1
228.9 228.2
218.8 220.4
101.4
105.5
102.0
105.8
123.4
118.4
117.4
122.4
82.4
81.8
83.1
82.0
139.4
135.7
139.5
135.9
500.4
500.5 495.7 494.8
272.7
269.4 268.6
272.6
74.9
75.2
75.6
74.3
150.7
153.4
153.0
151.0
260.7
269.8 268.0
261.3
91.8
88.0
87.6
92.2
105.4
107.9
105.5
107.4
1,501.7 1,504.6 1,498.6 1,501.7
552.8
546.6
545.0
554.5
81.4
80.9
81.0
81.8
123.4
125.4
124.2
123.9
324.4
326.1
307.0 307.0
133.4
133.2
133.5
133.6
177.3
177.2
179.9
179.6
198.7 201.2 200.0
198.3
90.7
90.7
90.6
90.3
2,333
188.5
170.9
194.9
739.5
243.5
66.0
85.6
131.9
203.7
84.7
119.0
147.5
91.4
56.1
427.4
145.0
2,337
188.9
170.9
196.4
738.5
243.5
65.8
86.4
132.6
203.3
84.5
118.8
147.9
91.8
56.1
431.0
148.5
2,348
188.3
172.3
197.2
758.6
250.4
66.1
94.4
129.2
197.4
80.8
116.6
150.8
94.2
56.6
425.2
141.3
17,315
17,418
18,033
656.8
351.2
152.1
667.9
354.8
152.6
673.1
366.7
155.0
2,350
189.1
173.7
197.6
757.3
248.9
66.1
93.9
129.1
196.4
80.2
116.2
150.4
93.9
56.5
429.8
141.9
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
108.0
107.4
110.2
110.4
179.1
_
67.3
110.4
385.5
-
_
180.5
_
68.2
110.1
385.4
-
_
187.5
_
186.4
_
67.0
106.2
377.1
-
_
67.4
106.3
375.8
-
_
_
215.4
208.4
217.2
_
_
_
_
1,199.5 1,200.9 1,189.1 1,190.3
_
209.4
2,358
-
17,880 17,988
_
159.3
-
_
159.3
-
_
160.7
-
_
159.2
-
1,889
153.4
142.3
145.4
625.2
_
1,891
153.8
142.3
146.5
623.5
_
1,899
152.7
142.4
148.3
640.0
1,903
153.0
143.3
148.7
639.0
_,
_
95.3
157.3
121.6
344.3
_
96.0
156.7
121.9
347.2
_
92.9
152.7
123.7
341.8
_
92.9
152.7
123.8
15,378
15,470
16,023
549.2
297.0
128.2
559.0
300.5
128.5
556.4
308.4
128.9
347.0
15,865 15,96
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores
52
521
525
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores
53
531
533
539
2,253.4 2,246.4 2,391.3 2,283.1 2,292.1 2,114.1 2,109.2 2,247.5 2,143.3
1,803.2 1,798.7 1,918.3 1,824.3
1,903.0 1,896.6 2,020.6 1,923.0
219.7 220.2
204.1
198.0
233.2
198.6 210.2
226.8
130.7
112.9
137.5
129.6
114.9
111.9
119.0
133.3
Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioners
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries
54
541
542
545
546
2,868.3 2,865.9 2,984.3 2,983.9 2,973.3 2,651.6 2,647.2 2,749.7 2,743.7
2,504.1 2,498.2 2,599.4 2,597.1
2,329.3 2,321.7 2,406.9 2,399.5
63.6
64.6
61.8
61.3
_
_
48.6
48.2
46.3
46.1
144.1
166.4
169.5
161.9
159.8
154.4
150.9
146.0
Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
55
551,2
553
554
1,908.9 1,917.6 1,969.7 1,962.8 1,967.3 1,592.6 1,599.8 1,648.0 1,640.4
952.0 952.0
931.0
930.7
787.7
773.6
773.6
787.8
236.9 238.8
304.6
299.1 309.7
296.8
250.0
245.2
600.2 620.4 617.2
517.8
515.9
598.3
537.0
540.5
672.3
365.1
154.1
Mar.
1987P
555.7
307.1
128.1
See footnotes at end of table.
83
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1972
SIC
Code
Production workers'
All employees
Feb.
1986
Mar,
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Retail trade—Continued
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings .
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ..
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores
Radio and television stores
Music stores
57
571
5712
572
573
5732
5733
Eating and drinking places .
58
5,584.3 5,692.1 5,788.5 5,811.7 5,924.4 5,055.2 5,158.4 5,260.6 5,282.6
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods .
Nonstore retailers
Mail order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee
59
591
592
594
5941
5942
5943
5944
5947
5949
596
5961
5962
598
599
2,229.0 2,208.6 2,296.8 2,279.9
555.4
553.1
577.1
574.6
127.9
127.1
131.1
128.7
729.1
735.0
779.6 754.4
123.6
125.7
135.0
130.1
77.3
77.8
80.0
82.2
76.9
77.6
78.5
78.2
147.3
148.6
156.0
147.9
130.7
129.5
134.0
131.2
68.5
67.5
69.1
69.1
254.6 253.0
260.3 257.4
123.6
122.1
120.6
123.9
81.8
82.2
81.9
83.3
112.6
121.3
113.5
121.2
352.0 367.1
362.2 348.0
Finance, insurance, and real estate3 .
Finance .
1,044.8 1,049.3 1,116.3 1,082.5
109.6
113.8
108.6
110.5
385.6 384.9
405.8
396.0
215.2
236.7
217.0
223.2
205.6 210.5
214.2
209.3
769.8
425.3
266.9
87.9
256.6
186.0
70.6
770.4
427.2
268.3
86.7
256.5
186.4
70.1
813.4
454.1
283.7
88.1
271.2
196.2
75.0
803.8
450.5
282.5
86.2
267.1
194.5
72.6
6,144
6,444
6,461
6,510
3,073
3,089
3,233
3,238
3,248
Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Federal savings and loan associations .
State associations, insured
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers
61
612
6122
6123
614
615
616
801.2
362.5
203.5
148.4
225.7
52.9
136.2
808.7
364.4
204.9
148.7
228.3
53.4
138.8
884.5
390.5
219.9
158.7
237.5
55.3
176.3
887.2
391.6
220.4
159.4
237.8
54.8
178.2
Security, commodity brokers, and services.
Security brokers and dealers
62
621
366.9
293.4
369.9
295.4
410.8
327.5
413.9
330.4
Holding and other investment offices .
67
167.3
167.7
182.0
185.7
1,887
1,898
Insurance ....
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance.
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance ..
Title insurance
63
631
632
633
636
Insurance agents, brokers, and service .
64
See footnotes at end of table.
84
2,007
1,304.9 1,311.8 1,362.9 1,364.8
554.5 555.5 562.1
562.3
185.7
178.4
176.6
186.7
511.0
482.3 485.1
512.6
54.4
60.6
53.7
60.9
581.9
586.1
635.3
641.7
944.4
94.8
346.1
205.3
172.4
911.5
90.7
336.5
192.4
168.3
640.3
348.9
640.4
350.9
676.4
373.8
667.4
369.9
74.9
216.5
73.7
215.8
75.1
227.5
73.5
224.0
615.6
610.3
654.9
631.5
234.8
232.1
229.0
227.7
95.8
304.3
94.8
288.3
101.7
287.7!
101.2
300.9
4,499
4,530
4,736
4,748
1,265.9 1,269.2 1,269.8 1,264.3
1,137.5 1,139.4 1,136.3 1,130.6
1,738.0 1,742.4 1,756.0 1,751.3
1,569.1 1,571.7 1,577.3 1,572.3
350.2
342.2
351.2
342.0
383.7
381.7
384.7
380.8
86.5
82.1
87.1
81.6
60
602
6022
6023,4
603
882.3
90.1
326.0
187.3
169.6
1,896.1 1,873.4 1,940.2 1,920.6
492.0 488.2
474.9
473.0
6,103
Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks
State banks, Federal Reserve
State banks, not Federal Reserve ...
Mutual savings banks
879.2
90.9
326.0
186.9
165.3
Mar.
1987P
608.8
277.2
614.7
278.6
671.6
299.5
673.4
299.9
176.8
179.2
186.7
186.9
885.6
337.7
143.3
334.4
889.9
338.2
144.8
335.6
915.5
339.0
151.1
346.2
914.9
338.5
151.5
346.3
2,016
4,792
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1972
SIC
Code
Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Real estate, and combined real estate, insurance, etc
Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers
Combined real estate, insurance, etc
Feb.
1986
1,143
65
651
653
655
66
Services..
Production workers1
All employees
Mar.
1986
1,157
Jan.
1987
1,213
Feb.
1987P
1,216
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
1,246
1,129.1 1,142.9 1,199.3 1,202.6
494.4 498.5 506.7 503.7
472.8 480.9
515.7
521.4
135.2
136.3
144.3
144.2
14.0
14.0
13.4
13.5
22,389 22,593 23,268 23,498 23,737
19,670 19,858 20,338 20,551 20,762
1,118.7 1,141.8 1,140.7 1,154.2
Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts .
70
701
1,280.7 1,306.3 1,319.7 1,334.9
1,248.8 1,273.6 1,288.4 1,302.9
Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
72
721
722
723
726
1,119.7 1,123.8 1,147.1 1,160.3
389.8 405.7
389.1
404.2
51.1
57.7
58.6
51.4
353.2
356.5
343.4 345.1
75.5
77.6
77.9
75.1
Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic ...
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Temporary help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming and software ...
Data processing services
73
731
7311
732
733
734
736
7361
7362
737
7372
7374
4,602.2 4,651.1 4,919.7 4,951.4 5,022.8 3,964.2 4,010.6 4,212.3 4,236.6
193.0
192.5
192.7
192.9
141.4
142.0
141.6
141.9
144.7
144.3
143.9
144.3
91.3
92.5
102.1
102.4
196.4
198.1
209.1
210.5
681.0
683.2 703.7
705.2
607.5 610.6 636.9 639.2
919.1
959.5 1,055.0 1,068.7
167.2
169.7
197.4
199.0
706.2
743.4 813.1
824.4
571.5
573.5 603.2 606.6
476.9
466.8 467.9 475.1
206.6 208.3 221.4
224.4
269.4
268.2 280.8 282.8
739
7391
7392
7393
7394
7395
1,941.2 1,943.1 2,044.6 2,055.8
187.2
197.L
198.5
188.5
535.6
580.9
537.8 571.8
438.6 437.9 451.5
450.7
181.6
189.3
188.3
181.4
75.9
79.4
77.8
76.4
Miscellaneous business services
Research development laboratories, nee
Management and public relations
Detective and protective services
Equipment rental and leasing
Photofinishing laboratories
Mar.
1987P
347.2
347.7
360.3
359.1
309.7
312.4
318.0
321.1
Auto repair, services, and garages
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Automotive repair shops
75
751
753
744.2
155.6
451.2
746.0
155.7
452.0
777.9
171.4
463.4
779.8
171.2
462.1
622.8
623.7
649.3
652.8
375.2
375.9
384.5
384.2
Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops
76
762
328.8
103.2
328.5
103.8
326.3
106.4
325.9
107.2
274.0
273.3
270.4
270.1
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters
78
781
783
203.9
97.7
95.2
220.0
111.0
97.9
223.8
116.7
95.9
222.5
116.5
94.9
171.4
80.0
187.6
93.5
188.7
95.3
187.8
94.8
Amusement and recreation services
79
742.7
771.0
838.4
852.8
646.4
675.4
721.3
732.0
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Outpatient care facilities
80
801
802
805
8051
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808
6,451.1
986.7
448.1
1,252.1
824.4
427.7
3,011.1
2,827.4
58.5
125.2
123.8
234.6
6,484.3
994.0
450.4
1,261.1
829.8
431.3
3,018.2
2,834.3
58.6
125.3
124.4
237.4
6,743.1
1,052.6
468.3
1,315.1
864.2
450.9
3,084.5
2,895.7
60.0
128.8
135.9
257.3
6,763.4 6,794.8 5,736.6 5,760.6 5,990.8 6,009.0
1,056.8
815.3 822.5 865.8 870.9
397.8 396.4 413.1
414.4
469.6
1,130.9 1,138.4 1,188.7 1,188.5
1,315.7
864.4
451.3
2,746.0 2,750.8 2,812.3 2,821.5
3,094.4
2,904.7
60.4
129.3
136.1
258.4
See footnotes at end of table.
85
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Services—Continued
Legal services ..
1972
SIC
Code
81
Production workers1
All employees
Feb.
1986
710.0
Mar.
1986
710.5
Jan.
1987
759.6
Feb.
1987P
762.3
Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Correspondence and vocational schools
82
821
822
824
1,458.7 1,465.6 1,377.1 1,467.0
400.3 399.7 393.2 395.4
919.5 924.9 843.2 927.6
69.2
68.5
68.1
69.2
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Residential care
83
832
833
836
1,404.6 1,411.5 1,463.8 1,476.4
271.9 273.9 294.9 298.8
211.6 212.9 217.8 220.5
303.5 304.4 318.0 318.9
Museums, botanical and zoological gardens .
84
Membership organizations
Business associations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations .
86
861
863
864
1,509.3 1,508.8 1,486.5 1,502.8
89.3
89.2
87.8
89.5
142.7 143.1 141.3 142.5
333.0 331.3 317.0 328.8
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services
Noncommercial research organizations....
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ...
89
891
892
893
1,290.3 1,299.5 1,317.1 1,331.0
697.5
693.1
713.9
713.2
119.6
118.0
120.8
122.5
455.4
452.4
455.3
467.3
Government..
Federal Government4 .
Executive, by agency4
Department of Defense ...,
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial ..
Federal government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Shipbuilding and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals
State government
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions1
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions ..
40.6
16,948
17,013
2,898
2,908
44.3
Feb.
1986
601.2
Mar.
1986
602.2
Jan.
1937
636.8
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
639.4
44.8
1,058.9 1,066.3 1,069.9 1,082.7
585.5
598.9 597.9
588.7
359.6
362.4
354.7
366.4
16,896 17,176 17,286
2,888
2,895
2,909
2,841.6 2,852.0 2,831.9
989.6 988.2 964.81
775.1 782.1 808.1
1,076.9 1,081.7 1,059.0
37.6
38.0
37.7
18.2
18.3
18.9
3731
128.5
77.7
127.7
77.3
123.6
73.7
123.7
74.0
806
38.9
409.7
251.4
39.2
409.5
251.0
38.7
406.8
250.1
39.6
404.3
246.8
3,947 4,076
462.3 461.8
1,686.0 1,697.8 1,584.6 1,710.8
4,014
806
82
456.3
4,029
456.1
4,107
1,276.9 1,280.6 1,297.2 1,299.5
806
82
10,036 10,076 10,061 10,205
511.3
510.5
510.8
510.3
628.1
629.5
617.0 617.1
5,735.3 5,765.0 5,723.8 5,856.0
10,270
2,873.8 2,884.5 2,904.9 2,911.8
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the
nonsupervisory count for all series in this division.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to
86
41.9
Mar.
1987P
civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and
the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Dec.
1985
Jan.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987
45,390
44,672
46,999
47,247
46,412
Total private
36,890
36,281
38,179
38,459
37,747
Goods-producing
6,858
6,815
6,949
6,928
6,858
Mining
119
119
101
101
100
Construction
483
484
527
524
519
6,256
6,212
6,321
6,303
6,239
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products ....
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products .
Miscellaneous manufacturing
3,014
108
154
113
103
323
462
906
366
311
169
3,004
107
153
112
102
321
464
905
367
310
163
3,028
117
158
115
101
327
447
903
381
307
173
3,022
117
158
114
100
326
447
902
382
307
170
2,996
116
159
113
100
323
445
893
379
305
163
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products .
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
3,242
503
24
338
903
166
620
286
27
278
98
3,208
482
23
337
902
165
617
284
26
278
95
3,293
529
22
350
896
171
641
288
24
282
91
3,281
518
21
350
897
171
643
287
24
282
89
3,243
497
21
347
890
168
641
287
23
282
88
38,532
37,857
40,050
40,319
39,554
Transportation and public utilities ...
1,481
1,469
1,525
1,530
1,525
Wholesale trade
1,673
1,669
1,732
1,732
1,713
Retail trade
9,650
9,148
9,793
10,039
9,493
Finance, insurance, and real estate
3,746
3,754
3,995
4,024
4,029
13,482
13,426
14,185
14,206
14,129
8,500
1,023
1,866
5,611
8,391
1,021
1,829
5,5.41
8,820
1,024
1,938
5,858
8,788
1,028
1,928
5,832
8,665
1,027
1,888
5,750
Industry
Total
Manufacturing
Service-producing
Services
Government
Federal
State
Local .
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.
87
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987
1986
Industry
Total...
Total private ..
Goods-producing ...
Mining
Oil and gas extraction ...
Construction
Mar.
Apr.
May
99,484
99,783
99,918
82,785
83,072
24,945
25,038
852
518
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
99,843
100,105
100,283
100,560
100,826
101,068
101,322
101,626
83,198
83,161
83,508
83,655
83,786
83,956
84,178
84,394
84,708
84,958
85,060
24,965
24,854
24,869
24,888
24,858
24,865
24,891
24,920
25,008
25,040
24,972
821
488
790
461
772
446
768
442
753
431
743
422
746
423
742
420
738
414
731
412
732
414
735
418
4,838
1,298
4,972
1,315
4,974
1,314
4,947
1,299
4,980
1,299
5,012
1,306
5,010
1,301
5,001
1,302
4,993
1,307
4,996
1,298
5,109
1,333
5,094
1,322
5,047
1,302
19,255
19,245
19,201
19,135
19,121
19,123
19,105
19,118
19,156
19,186
19,168
19,214
19,190
11,418
11,415
719
11,378
11,307
721
496
11,294
724
498
593
758
285
1,428
11,302
11,271
734
500
11,266
737
500
590
11,282
743
500
11,289
11,265
754
503
595
11,280
752
504
General building contractors
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
.........
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products ...
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .. Leather and leather products
Feb.p
July
715
493
594
494
600
787
785
293
291
1,450
2,118
1,451
2,111
2,177
2,177
1,989
858
726
1,986
854
723
719
496
599
780
288
1,447
2,100
2,175
1,972
839
721
597
761
286
1,440
2,089
2,143
1,974
2,079
839
717
824
751
272
1,429
2,072
2,168
1,985
839
713
363
713
364
7,827
1,645
62
710
1,108
687
1,483
1,025
163
7,821
369
369
369
369
7,837
1,632
63
707
1,117
688
7,830
1,633
63
703
1,119
689
7,823
1,640
62
705
1,113
7,828
1,648
62
707
1,469
1,472
1,031
166
804
160
1,028
166
800
1,474
1,024
157
154
151
74,539
74,745
74,953
74,989
Transportation and public utilities ...
Transportation
Communication and public utilities .. .
5,280
3,053
2,227
5,266
3,040
2,226
5,265
3,037
2,228
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods ....
5,841
3,480
2,361
5,864
3,485
2,379
17,828
2,333
2,901
1,939
5,868
689
729
499
592
1,106
690
1,477
1,026
164
797
2,169
1,969
1,642
59
711
1,108
685
1,481
1,026
101,862 102,026
749
272
271
749
500
594
752
270
1,433
2,044
2,162
1,429
2,039
1,427
2,036
1,431
2,030
2,167
2,166
2,156
1,979
1,979
1,993
2,164
1,990
11,300
755
503
598
753
274
1,430
2,043
2,154
1,979
1,986
834
713
363
824
832
713
363
837
710
365
826
709
836
707
7,834
1,644
60
7,852
1,644
7,874
1,654
7,897
1,657
60
709
711
1,113
594
749
270
1,110
691
1,485
1,025
59
694
1,491
1,023
591
751
709
370
741
264
1,430
2,029
369
371
7,903
7,914
1,657
60
727
1,116
695
719
1,654
59
722
1,112
1,124
1,123
694
697
694
1,493
1,493
1,023
1,020
159
1,500
1,021
159
819
61
717
1,506
594
755
276
1,427
2,042
2,147
1,978
823
708
373
7,910
1,656
59
727
1,116
694
1,506
1,019
162
797
151
161
805
152
163
794
152
151
151
815
153
152
1,021
159
820
153
75,236
75,395
75,702
75,961
76,177
76,402
76,618
76,822
77,054
5,167
3,035
2,132
5,288
3,057
2,231
5,255
3,063
2,192
5,316
3,088
2,228
5,316
3,094
2,222
5,351
3,117
2,234
5,359
3,125
2,234
5,382
3,140
2,242
5,389
3,143
2,246
5,411
3,162
2,249
5,872
3,488
2,384
5,829
3,454
2,375
5,849
3,483
2,366
5,863
3,485
2,378
5,859
3,485
2,374
5,864
3,489
2,375
5,859
3,489
2,370
5,859
3,491
2,368
5,864
3,495
2,369
5,876
3,497
2,379
5,880
3,498
2,382
17,851
2,342
2,910
1,940
5,859
17,911
2,344
2,917
1,944
5,889
17,944
2,350
2,932
1,945
5,918
17,992
2,354
2,938
1,950
5,931
18,030
2,359
2,951
1,962
5,923
18,065
2,362
2,952
1,970
5,948
18,143
2,379
2,963
1,973
5,982
18,197
2,367
2,968
1,977
6,006
18,206
2,341
2,979
1,984
6,035
18,289
2,333
2,990
1,988
6,080
18,376
2,366
3,008
1,993
6,092
18,411
2,380
3,006
1,987
6,108
6,184
3,095
1,900
1,189
6,228
3,120
1,910
1,198
6,261
3,137
1,918
1,206
6,295
3,159
1,927
1,209
6,334
3,176
1,945
1,213
6,364
3,192
1,952
1,220
6,388
3,202
1,962
1,224
6,409
3,212
1,971
1,226
6,429
3,220
1,979
1,230
6,472
3,236
1,990
1,246
6,495
3,239
2,002
1,254
6,518
3,248
2,009
1,261
6,554
3,255
2,018
1,281
Services
Business services .
Health services ....
22,707
4,698
6,497
22,825
4,750
6,511
22,924
4,755
6,543
23,072
4,792
6,571
23,176
4,835
6,601
23,255
4,848
6,634
23,300
4,883
6,649
23,359
4,908
6,677
23,451
4,926
6,695
23,578
4,966
6,726
23,670
4,990
6,757
23,759
5,042
6,784
23,832
5,074
6,802
Government .
Federal ......
State
Local
16,699
2,923
3,927
9,849
16,711
2,914
3,938
9,859
16,720
2,899
3,936
9,885
16,682
2,875
3,927
9,880
16,597
2,866
3,921
9,810
16,628
2,875
3,919
9,834
16,774
2,901
3,932
9,941
16,870
2,896
3,959
16,890
2,899
3,965
16,928
2,907
3,983
16,904
2,915
3,984
16,966
2,924
4,003
10,015
10,026
10,038
16,918
2,914
3,983
10,021
10,005
10,039
Service-producing .
Retail trade
General merchandise stores ..
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations .
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Finance
Insurance
.
...,
Real estate
p
166
796
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey <stimates are currently projected from March 1985
88
792
160
809
158
821
154
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally
adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987
1986
Industry
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec
Jan.
44,955 45,127 45,237 45,397 45,556 45,602 45,758 45,906 46,074 46,271 46,440 46,590 46,713
Total
36,639 36,767 36,867 37,014 37,142 37,182 37,386 37,508 37,568 37,720 37,869 38,002 38,123
Total private
6,893
6,889
6,887
6,893
6,885
6,866
6,874
6,872
6,877
6,895
6,914
6,940
6,937
120
120
118
114
112
108
106
105
102
102
101
101
101
494
493
499
505
510
512
517
518
520
522
526
528
530
6,279
6,276
6,270
6,274
6,263
6,246
6,251
6,249
6,255
6,271
6,287
6,311
6,306
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ...
Miscellaneous manufacturing
3,020
110
152
115
103
322
464
905
368
311
170
3,017
111
153
114
103
322
460
903
370
311
170
3,014
112
154
113
102
322
460
901
369
312
169
3,019
111
154
114
102
324
461
902
370
311
170
3,016
112
155
114
101
323
458
903
370
310
170
2,996
113
155
115
99
324
456
887
369
309
169
3,003
114
155
115
99
322
454
901
370
308
165
3,008
115
155
114
101
322
451
903
373
308
166
3,008
115
155
114
101
325
448
901
374
308
167
3,013
116
156
113
101
324
448
903
377
308
167
3,016
117
156
114
101
325
448
901
380
306
168
3,021
118
156
115
101
326
446
901
382
306
170
3,010
120
158
115
100
324
444
893
380
306
170
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
3,259
507
3,259
513
22
342
902
168
622
287
26
281
96
3,256
513
22
343
899
168
623
287
26
281
94
3,255
512
22
341
902
168
626
286
26
279
93
3,247
513
21
343
895
168
625
287
26
278
91
3,250
517
21
343
892
168
629
288
25
278
89
3,248
512
21
346
894
169
632
287
25
274
88
3,241
510
19
345
889
168
632
288
25
275
90
3,247
511
20
344
890
169
634
288
25
277
89
3,258
513
20
344
892
170
637
289
24
281
88
3,271
519
21
347
891
171
639
289
24
282
88
3,290
523
20
349
902
172
639
288
24
284
89
3,296
523
20
349
900
170
644
290
24
287
89
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
:
Manufacturing
Service-producing
22
340
912
167
619
287
26
282
97
38,062 38,238 38,350 38,504 38,671 38,736 38,884 39,034 39,197 39,376 39,526 39,650 39,776
Transportation and public utilities ...
1,475
1,478
1,482
1,483
1,486
1,441
1,501
1,482
1,506
1,506
1,519
1,521
1,531
Wholesale trade
1,676
1,689
1,691
1,707
1,718
1,706
1,715
1,715
1,713
1,712
1,713
1,718
1,720
Retail trade
9,268
9,313
9,347
9,362
9,383
9,392
9,422
9,479
9,488
9,531
9,563
9,561
9,618
Finance, insurance, and real estate
3,771
3,796
3,816
3,848
3,878
3,904
3,932
3,957
3,967
3,982
4,003
4,028
4,045
13,556 13,602
13,644
13,721 13,792
13,873
13,942
14,003
14,017
14,094 14,157
14,234
14,272
8,414
1,030
1,863
5,521
8,420
1,020
1,868
5,532
8,372
1,017
1,868
5,487
8,398
1,021
1,867
5,510
8,506
1,031
1,861
5,614
8,571
1,033
1,878
5,660
8,588
1,035
1,885
5,668
8,590
1,039
1,892
5,659
Services
Government
Federal
State
Local
8,316
1,034
1,832
5,450
8,360
1,038
1,843
5,479
8,370
1,036
1,847
5,487
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
8,383
1,034
1,856
5,493
8,551
1,030
1,872
5,649
seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.
89
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers
seasonally adjusted
1
on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
(In thousands)
1987
1986
Industry
Mar.
Total private
Goods-producing
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
17,546
17,475
17,388
17,395
598
573
547
535
533
526
3,795
3,913
3,903
3,874
3,901
13,061
13,060
13,025
12,979
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
7,545
602
395
459
596
225
1,069
1,267
1,252
1,247
660
392
266
7,547
605
395
463
596
224
1,073
1,263
1,249
1,245
658
392
266
7,519
605
397
462
591
222
1,068
1,256
1,250
1,233
645
390
267
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
5,516
1,145
48
611
940
521
817
573
103
625
133
5,513
1,145
48
607
943
522
820
572
103
623
130
5,506
1,149
47
610
938
523
820
569
103
620
127
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing
Oct.
Nov.
Dec
Jan.
Feb.1
Mar.p
66,916 67,167 67,261 67,223 67,517 67,632 67,742 67,854 68,076 68,255 68,463 68,716 68,787
17,454
Mining
Sept.
17,408
17,452
17,483
17,552
17,588
17,524
520
522
523
520
511
516
517
3,932
3,927
3,912
3,909
3,910
4,010
3,994
3,944
12,961
12,971
12,960
12,974
13,020
7,462
606
397
460
574
220
1,062
1,250
1,224
1,233
644
389
267
7,441
604
398
458
569
220
1,052
1,240
1,246
1,223
629
387
264
7,458
610
400
456
562
207
1,054
1,239
1,249
1,235
640
389
264
7,438
615
401
457
560
204
1,058
1,215
1,245
1,235
639
388
264
7,435
618
402
454
560
206
1,056
1,211
1,247
1,236
630
387
264
7,452
623
400
455
562
203
1,055
1,205
1,252
1,249
642
385
266
7,466
627
401
458
563
203
1,060
1,204
1,251
1,245
638
386
271
7,440
628
402
460
552
196
1,057
1,203
1,247
1,238
637
383
270
7,480
631
403
463
563
205
1,057
1,214
1,245
1,248
647
384
272
7,469
628
405
461
566
207
1,056
1,216
1,242
1,238
634
384
273
5,517
1,160
46
611
933
524
823
572
103
621
124
5,520
1,158
47
614
936
522
828
572
102
617
124
5,513
1,153
43
615
935
519
825
574
103
621
125
5,522
1,157
44
612
937
523
827
572
102
624
124
5,539
1,155
44
616
940
527
832
571
102
628
124
5,568
1,168
46
622
940
528
833
572
102
632
125
5,587
1,168
45
624
951
531
837
569
102
634
126
5,591
1,167
45
627
948
527
841
571
102
636
127
5,598
1,170
45
631
942
528
840
573
103
638
128
5,594
1,169
44
633
940
525
840
573
103
639
128
17,429 17,407
13,053 13,031
13,078 13,063
49,462 49,621 49,786 49,835 50,122 50,203 50,335 50,446 50,624 50,772 50,911 51,128 51,263
Transportation and public utilities
4,373
4,362
4,361
4,270
4,354
4,325
4,387
4,393
4,424
4,441
4,448
4,458
4,483
Wholesale trade
4,693
4,712
4,711
4,674
4,705
4,708
4,700
4,694
4,693
4,694
4,696
4,703
4,707
15,867
15,880
15,939
15,981
16,018
16,153 16,187
16,193
16,267
16,339
16,371
4,571
4,603
4,629
4,651
4,683
4,745
4,771
4,789
4,806
4,836
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
4,704
4,716
4,723
19,958 20,064 20,146 20,259 20,362 20,421 20,441 20,483 20,575 20,673 20,711 20,822 20,866
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.
90
16,045 16,091
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
INDEXES OF DIFFUSION
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased, seasonally adjusted
Time
span
Year
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Over
1-month
span
1985
1986
1987
52.4
59.7
51.6
47.8
53.5
p
63.0
53.8
45.1
P
49.7
49.2
54.1
51.6
49.2
47.0
46.2
56.2
54.6
56.8
54.3
50.8
54.9
61.9
55.1
57.6
62.7
59.5
62.4
Over
3-month
span
1985
1986
1987
51.1
58.1
62.7
49.7
54.3
57.3
46.2
51.1
46.2
49.7
45.1
48.4
51.-1
44.9
49.7
47.3
51.1
54.1
55.1
54.9
55.9
62.4
61.4
65.1
60.5
63.0
Over
6-month
span
1985
1986
1987
49.2
53.8
47.8
53.8
43.0
47.6
45.9
45.9
44.3
45.9
44.3
48.6
48.9
49.7
50.8
55.4
54.1
61.1
57.0
60.5
Over
12-month
span
1985
1986
1987
46.2
50.3
45.7
51.1
46.8
52.2
43.8
52.4
44.9
52.7
47.3
54.6
47.6
53.5
47.3
55.9
49.5
P
p
Based on the number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,
3, and 6 month spans, on the payrolls of 185 private nonagricultural
industries. Data for the 12-month span are unadjusted.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment
P
48.9
55.1
P
P
57.0
63.5
48.9
p
55.9
60.8
48.6
rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.)
Data are centered within the spans. Establishment survey estimates
are currently projected from March 1985 benchmark levels. When
more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted
data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.
91
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Mining
Total
Constructior
State and area
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
1,444.6
377.0
114.2
156.7
118.8
55.8
1,466.1
381.1
118.4
158.3
122.4
57.4
1,467.9
381.8
118.6
158.5
122.3
57.4
12.9
6.0
.1
.8
.1
2.9
11.9
6.1
.1
.4
.1
2.7
11.8
6.1
.1
.4
.1
2.7
71.6
22.0
4.3
10.2
8.5
2.6
75.1
22.6
4.8
9.6
9.4
2.8
74.3
23.2
4.7
9.5
9.4
2.7
214.5
204.3
206.3
9.9
8.2
8.3
10.6
9.6
9.4
1,323.7
873.1
239.4
1,363.7
898.7
240.6
1,375.5
904.0
244.4
11.0
.5
2.0
10.9
.6
1.6
11.0
.6
1.6
111.4
78.7
20.7
106.9
72.6
21.1
106.0
71.6
21.3
794.3
43.7
70.3
220.4
31.9
810.2
44.2
72.9
224.5
31.4
817.5
45.1
73.0
224.9
31.8
4.0
32.1
1.8
2.7
10.7
2.5
32.6
1.7
2.9
11.1
1.7
32.5
1.7
2.8
11.0
1.7
11,041.7
1,013.6
157.8
188.6
3,858.2
93.4
772.2
187.9
547.7
502.7
99.4
804.8
911.3
760.5
142.9
113.5
128.9
115.5
11,381.8
1,062.4
155.6
197.6
3,943.6
98.3
803.6
197.5
580.2
525.2
102.9
835.5
927.1
762.8
144.5
118.6
133.8
121.7
11,417.5
1,066.2
155.3
199.0
3,959.9
99.2
806.1
198.1
584.2
526.2
102.8
839.4
924.4
763.1
145.1
118.6
134.2
122.4
47.3
2.6
16.6
.8
11.6
.1
2.5
3.3
1.3
.9
.5
.7
1.2
.1
1.5
.5
.1
.3
39.6
2.1
12.4
.6
10.4
.1
2.4
2.8
1.2
.7
.5
.8
1.1
.2
1.3
.6
.1
.3
39.0
2.0
12.0
.7
10.4
.1
2.4
2.7
1.2
.7
.5
.8
1.1
.1
1.3
.6
.1
.3
481.8
51.2
10.1
10.4
121.7
5.8
40.9
9.3
38.6
25.8
3.8
49.3
30.5
29.1
6.5
6.6
6.8
6.6
522.7
53.4
9.3
11.8
129.0
6.2
45.3
10.8
44.1
30.2
4.3
54.0
32.3
29.0
6.1
7.3
7.7
7.4
522.9
54.2
9.4
11.5
129.5
6.4
44.8
11.0
45.6
29.0
4.2
54.5
31.7
28.3
6.1
7.1
7.5
7.5
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver
1,399.8
102.4
800.0
1,391.7
103.3
796.6
1,391.7
104.2
796.5
29.9
.3
19.5
24.7
.2
16.1
24.3
.3
16.2
72.5
3.9
40.9
69.8
3.7
39.1
68.0
3.6
37.7
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury
1,558.3
188.9
445.6
63.9
237.5
118.0
82.7
1,615.6
193.9
468.1
64.8
245.5
124.1
85.3
1,616.1
193.5
467.3
65.0
245.5
123.4
84.8
1.4
59.6
6.5
14.8
2.7
10.7
4.8
3.1
67.2
7.6
17.9
3.5
11.7
5.0
3.8
65.6
7.4
17.4
3.4
11.7
4.9
3.7
288.5
251.3
306.3
266.8
305.4
266.5
.1
.2
.1
.2
.1
.2
15.9
15.4
17.5
17.0
16.6
16.2
District of Columbia .
Washington MSA
630.8
1,927.1
637.7
2,003.1
640.3
2,000.6
.1
.9
.1
.9
.1
.9
13.0
108.7
13.7
119.7
13.5
114.8
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ..
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola ..
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach .
4,542.1
105.4
441.0
99.5
89.2
366.5
135.2
139.1
793.3
430.7
117.8
97.0
100.7
752.2
301.2
4,721.8
108.6
452.2
108.2
92.1
382.4
139.7
137.0
807.6
460.3
120.8
99.1
105.5
778.2
321.1
4,754.8
110.9
455.3
110.0
92.1
383.9
140.1
137.2
808.9
465.3
120.4
100.7
106.4
782.4
322.5
9.8
334.3
7.7
36.1
11.4
4.7
27.3
8.3
9.3
39.2
33.8
9.7
10.0
4.6
60.2
27.0
337.6
8.5
36.3
12.5
4.2
27.4
8.6
8.1
38.2
34.1
10.0
9.7
5.8
62.3
30.5
338.7
8.4
36.5
12.8
4.2
27.3
8.5
8.1
38.3
34.3
10.0
9.6
5.8
62.6
30.1
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery ...
Tuscaloosa ..
Alaska ..
Arizona
Phoenix ....
Tucson ...
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale ........
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock .
Pine Bluff ..
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto ..
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco ..
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc..
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Delaware
Wilmington ....
See footnotes at end of table.
92
Feb.
1987P
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1986
4.8
(1)
4.0
(1)
1.1
.4
O
.9
.4
1.5
1.4
.1
0
.2
.6
.2
.7
1
.4
O
.4
(1)
.5
4.2
.9
(1)
0
0
(1)
.5
4.7
.7
O
0)
(1)
0
.2
.6
.4
.5
4.7
()
.9
.9
(1)
.3
.3
01
()
.2
1
(1)
.4
O
0
0
9.7
(1)
(1)
O
()
()
9.8
.9
.4
1
1
()
0
.2
(1)
(1)
O
Feb.
1986
(1)
O
(1)
O
Feb.
1987^
.7
O
0
0
.7
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade
Transportation and
public utilities
Manufacturing)
State and area
Feb.
1986
Alabama
Birmingham...
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
.
Alaska
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
357 1
55.9
31.0
26.1
17.3
85
354.6
51.8
30.6
26.6
17.7
90
354.7
51.7
30.6
26.8
17.6
9.0
71.4
27.4
2.6
9.7
4.6
1.9
70.6
27.5
2.6
9.1
4.7
2.1
70.9
27.5
2.7
9.0
4.7
2.1
310.1
93.1
21.7
41.3
26.2
11.3
324.7
97.0
22.4
43.7
27.8
11.9
323.4
96.4
22.4
43.7
27.9
11.7
8.7
8.0
9.2
17.2
16.9
16.8
42.6
41.2
40.4
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson
181.1
130.1
31 5
184.9
133.1
30 8
184.2
133.1
30.8
64.4
41.9
9.2
68.9
46.0
9.9
69.2
46.0
9.9
320.4
220.3
52.6
334.4
229.3
54.6
334.9
229.4
54.8
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
208.1
9.4
24.2
32.7
58
213.2
9.8
25.3
31.6
61
213.1
10.2
25.4
31.5
6.2
46.7
3.9
3.5
14.4
2.8
48.5
3.9
3.7
14.6
2.7
48.5
3.9
3.8
14.6
2.8
177.8
10.3
15.1
53.5
6.3
181.9
10.8
15.6
54.8
6.3
182.7
10.7
15.5
54.6
6.3
2,035.5
238.1
100
19.1
884.2
193
101.1
28 0
71.8
35.7
8.3
122.2
77.8
266.5
24.3
17.5
19.8
10.5
2,048.6
242.7
10.2
20.2
885.0
19.8
102.9
29 4
76.0
37.3
9.0
120.5
77.7
259 5
23.5
18.1
20.6
11.9
2,053.7
243.2
10.2
20.3
890.6
20.4
102.3
29.5
76.5
37.4
9.1
120.6
76.8
258.6
22.9
18.0
20.8
11.8
562.3
33.5
8.0
9.6
200.0
4.2
52.3
82
29.3
22.8
4.7
31.6
80.0
21.3
5.5
5.3
8.1
4.3
577.9
34.7
8.2
10.4
202.5
4.2
55.4
9.9
30.9
23.7
4.8
32.3
79.4
20.8
5.3
5.5
8.2
4.4
577.4
34.7
8.2
10.3
201.9
4.2
55.4
10.1
30.8
23.8
4.8
32.6
79.1
20.9
5.3
5.6
8.2
4.4
2,631.6
251.0
39.0
48.7
897.5
23.5
195.2
47.6
137.3
122.7
26.8
190.9
210.0
147.1
33.2
29.7
30.2
27.4
2,760.0
270.4
40.1
51.2
936.2
25.6
202.7
50.3
145.5
128.9
27.4
200.2
219.9
153.0
34.5
31.7
31.6
30.2
2,742.1
269.1
39.9
51.1
930.5
25.4
202.2
50.0
145.0
127.9
27.0
199.5
217.2
151.4
34.3
31.3
31.1
29.8
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
185 1
28.0
97 1
182 1
28.6
93 9
182.1
28.6
93 9
87.4
2.4
62 7
88.2
2.2
63.8
88.0
2.3
63.9
344.4
22.4
199.1
346.7
22.9
202.5
343.9
22.6
200.3
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
N e w Britain
New Haven-Meriden . . .
Stamford
Waterbury
396.9
61.0
92 1
23.1
46.9
25.9
25.9
396.0
60.5
94 5
21.4
48.1
25.3
24.7
395.0
60.4
94 2
21.2
47.8
25.0
24.6
68.3
7.2
17.0
3.2
17.7
4.7
3.1
71.0
7.5
17.3
3.3
18.0
4.9
3.1
70.8
7.6
17.3
3.2
17.9
4.8
3.1
344.5
43.8
94.2
12.4
54.1
27.8
15.9
362.7
44.7
98.6
13.1
56.6
29.9
17.1
359.3
44.3
97.7
13.2
56.2
29.5
16.8
67.9
57.8
69.3
59.3
68.8
58.9
12.3
13.2
12.6
13.6
12.6
13.7
62.4
52.3
68.8
57.2
67.9
56.2
15.3
84.4
15.6
85.7
15.6
85.7
24.1
90.7
24.6
96.2
24.4
96.0
60.6
385.1
61.6
407.0
61.8
403.8
518.2
12.5
42.8
4.9
5.4
37 2
22.3
28.0
93 9
49.9
11 1
7.8
4.2
90.0
38.0
523.0
12.3
43.4
5.4
5.5
37 9
22.2
26.8
91 8
53.2
11 2
8.1
4.6
88.9
37.1
525.3
12.6
43.9
5.5
5.5
38 1
22.1
26.9
92 0
53.7
11 2
8.2
4.6
89.5
37.0
243.3
3.3
20.9
4.6
1.7
27 1
5.9
5.8
66 6
23.0
61
3.5
2.8
37.3
10.8
247.4
3.3
21.9
4.9
1.7
27 3
6.0
5.5
67 0
24.2
6.3
3.5
2.9
36.9
11.6
246.5
3.3
22.0
5.0
1.7
27.6
6.1
5.5
66.3
24.5
6.3
3.5
2.8
36.8
11.7
1,220.8
30.2
130.6
30.3
19.5
96.8
37.2
31.5
210.2
111.9
29.6
29.4
20.8
207.7
79.4
1,293.1
31.3
134.2
32.9
20.5
103.1
39.2
32.4
218.6
118.4
31.0
29.6
22.6
215.1
85.3
1,297.1
32.0
135.2
33.8
20.6
103.1
39.3
32.2
218.1
118.9
30.3
29.8
22.4
216.7
85.5
California . . . .
.
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland . .
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
....
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego ...
.
•San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Delaware .
Wilmington
. . . .
.
District of Columbia
Washington MSA
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
....
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa~St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
.
See footnotes at end of table.
93
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
(3overnment
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa ..
67.4
27.8
3.3
7.6
7.0
1.9
70.3
28.5
3.4
7.5
7.3
2.0
70.2
28.5
3.4
7.4
7.3
2.0
253.2
85.5
23.2
33.2
23.6
7.6
261.1
87.8
25.8
33.4
24.1
7.8
262.8
88.6
26.0
33.6
24.1
7.9
300.9
59.3
28.0
27.8
31.5
19.1
297.8
59.8
28.7
28.0
31.3
19.1
299.8
59.8
28.7
28.1
31.2
19.3
Alaska
12.5
12.2
12.2
43.5
41.8
41.9
69.5
66.4
68.1
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson
86.4
68.0
12.1
91.3
72.1
12.5
91.4
72.2
12.5
319.4
216.1
61.0
335.5
226.1
61.5
339.4
228.4
62.7
229.6
117.5
50.3
230.9
118.9
48.6
239.4
122.7
50.8
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
36.5
1.5
2.7
14.9
1.5
37.3
1.4
2.7
15.4
1.6
37.3
1.4
2.7
15.3
1.6
140.9
6.1
13.6
48.2
5.6
146.3
6.3
14.6
50.8
5.8
149.4
6.4
14.5
51.2
5.8
147.4
10.7
7.4
45.6
7.4
146.4
10.3
7.2
45.8
7.2
150.0
10.8
7.4
46.3
7.4
745.7
81.3
6.1
13.3
268.9
4.4
48.1
10.0
22.3
29.3
4.8
54.0
113.7
33.0
7.8
7.7
7.9
4.5
776.4
84.2
6.3
13.7
278.0
4.6
53.5
10.4
24.5
31.2
5.0
57.7
113.0
32.9
8.0
8.1
8.2
4.7
778.2
84.7
6.3
13.9
278.7
4.6
53.9
10.4
24.5
31.2
5.1
58.0
112.2
33.0
8.0
8.1
8.2
4.7
2,690.7
242.2
29.8
42.2
984.9
20.1
174.5
41.6
129.7
105.5
24.1
205.0
262.9
179.9
37.3
24.7
27.4
25.2
2,789.9
260.0
30.8
45.6
1,009.5
21.0
180.9
43.4
135.5
110.2
25.3
215.9
268.3
183.1
38.5
25.6
27.8
26.3
2,819.2
261.7
30.8
45.9
1,022.8
21.1
183.2
43.7
137.1
111.2
25.4
217.6
269.6
185.7
39.4
26.0
28.3
27.1
1,846.8
113.7
38.2
44.5
489.4
16.0
157.6
39.9
117.4
160.0
26.4
151.1
135.2
83.5
26.8
21.5
28.6
36.7
1,866.7
114.9
38.3
44.1
493.0
16.8
160.5
40.5
122.5
163.0
26.6
154.1
135.4
84.3
27.3
21.7
29.6
36.5
1,885.0
116.6
38.5
45.3
495.5
17.0
161.9
40.7
123.5
165.0
26.7
155.8
136.7
85.1
27.8
21.9
30.0
36.8
97.1
3.8
65.0
97.6
3.9
65.4
97.3
3.9
65.3
324.9
20.4
193.2
326.1
21.5
193.5
326.6
21.6
194.2
258.5
21.2
122.5
256.5
20.3
122.3
261.5
21.3
125.0
134.4
10.0
71.3
3.5
14.2
10.6
3.9
143.4
11.1
77.1
4.0
14.7
11.5
4.1
143.6
11.1
77.4
4.0
14.7
11.5
4.1
357.8
42.1
99.0
12.4
63.1
33.8
19.5
378.1
44.3
103.5
13.1
65.5
36.8
20.3
379.7
44.5
104.1
13.2
66.0
36.9
20.3
195.4
18.3
57.1
6.6
30.6
9.7
11.3
195.7
18.2
59.0
6.4
30.7
10.1
12.2
200.7
18.2
59.0
6.8
31.0
10.2
12.2
21.5
19.5
24.2
22.2
24.3
22.3
62.9
56.6
68.4
60.9
68.4
61.1
45.6
36.5
45.4
36.4
46.7
37.8
District of Columbia
Washington MSA
35.7
109.8
36.8
117.2
36.8
117.3
215.3
592.1
223.5
622.7
225.5
625.0
266.7
555.3
261.8
553.7
262.4
557.1
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
329.2
6.2
35.9
7.4
4.0
34.5
7.9
5.0
65.5
28.6
5.2
7.9
4.4
59.9
24.7
347.4
6.6
37.6
8.3
3.9
36.2
8.0
5.1
68.5
31.0
5.5
8.0
4.4
62.3
26.9
348.5
6.6
37.6
8.3
3.9
36.3
7.9
5.2
69.1
31.3
5.5
8.1
4.4
62.8
27.1
1,181.3
28.3
120.0
26.2
19.5
87.1
30.9
39.8
213.0
132.6
27.8
26.7
20.1
200.1
85.1
1,244.4
28.8
122.5
28.9
20.8
92.0
31.9
39.1
215.8
145.4
29.0
28.0
20.4
211.4
91.2
1,261.6
29.9
123.7
29.2
20.9
92.9
32.5
39.2
217.4
148.2
28.8
29.3
20.7
212.5
92.1
705.2
17.2
54.3
14.5
34.3
56.0
18.5
19.6
104.0
50.8
27.9
11.6
43.6
96.3
36.2
719.2
17.8
55.9
15.2
35.4
58.0
19.1
19.9
106.8
53.9
27.5
12.1
44.5
100.6
38.5
727.3
18.1
56.0
15.2
35.2
58.1
19.0
20.0
106.8
54.3
28.0
12.1
45.4
100.8
39.0
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield ..
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto ..
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington
See footnotes at end of table.
94
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction
Mining
Total
State and area
Jan.
1987
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987^
2,603.7
48.9
60.3
1,286.6
148.7
87.9
114.0
95.9
2,719.4
48.6
62.6
1,365.6
152.5
90.4
116.4
101.7
2,723.7
48.7
62.8
1,366.7
152.4
90.3
116.9
101.0
Hawaii
Honolulu .
432.8
347.2
443.1
354.7
447.1
358.0
Idaho
Boise City.
325.2
83.8
329.3
86.0
330.8
85.9
3.3
4,679.8
4,767.5
132.2
53.5
4,775.2
131.3
53.4
82.6
25.0
23.6
2.7
3.0
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins.
Savannah
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline.
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
126.4
53.5
81.8
2,893.9
151.1
49.7
92.6
31.6
168.1
130.2
121.8
92.0
79.3
2,945.3
2,942.0
149.0
48.9
152.1
48.8
93.3
93.1
32.2
171.1
32.1
171.9
130.0
123.3
91.7
Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka.
Terre Haute
2,162.6
47.4
48.3
87.5
120.4
169.5
48.4
103.8
51.7
176.8
203.4
581.0
44.2
61.6
48.9
107.6
51.8
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls .
1,048.2
80.4
191.6
39.4
49.0
47.2
58.5
1,073.7
81.9
197.7
38.1
46.7
46.2
56.0
1,085.4
81.3
198.6
41.0
49.3
46.0
60.2
965.5
30.2
82.0
202.1
972.2
30.6
83.7
204.5
978.5
31.3
83.9
205.2
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette..
Louisville
Owensboro
1,239.3
1,279.9
1,278.8
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux .
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn .
Portland
210.5
556.7
44.0
61.2
2,232.4
47.7
49.5
92.1
130.2
122.9
91.8
122.5
2,241.0
47.2
50.6
92.9
122.3
176.5
206.4
580.4
44.3
62.4
49.0
107.3
52.1
164.0
167.5
169.0
407.8
32.1
419.3
32.7
419.5
32.1
1,546.4
44.7
213.3
1,486.5
45.7
211.1
1,482.0
45.6
51.7
51.6
81.8
58.6
95.0
81.7
56.1
212.7
53.9
55.9
54.6
135.3
512.1
130.3
509.8
130.3
455.0
37.1
110.3
472.3
37.9
115.2
476.3
38.0
115.2
58.1
54.5
525.7
Feb.
1986
144.1
2.1
2.3
71.9
9.0
5.1
4.9
5.8
156.9
2.2
2.6
82.5
8.5
5.1
4.9
7.8
157.4
2.2
2.5
82.6
8.4
5.2
5.1
7.6
17.4
14.3
21.5
17.5
21.5
17.4
2.5
11.5
4.1
12.4
4.4
11.8
4.3
23.5
143.0
4.1
.9
1.9
91.2
4.1
1.5
3.8
.9
5.1
4.7
2.8
1.9
160.4
4.9
1.0
2.0
105.0
4.3
1.5
4.0
1.2
5.3
4.7
3.3
2.1
152.5
4.6
.9
2.0
7.5
76.9
1.1
1.4
2.1
7.1
7.2
9.8
23.1
.9
1.4
1.3
4.0
1.4
93.3
1.2
1.6
2.4
8.0
8.3
10.4
27.8
1.0
2.0
1.6
4.6
1.7
90.7
1.2
1.6
2.4
7.7
8.0
10.6
27.2
1.0
1.9
1.6
4.4
1.6
1.6
.1
25.8
2.2
5.7
.9
1.1
1.4
1.2
31.8
2.9
6.4
1.1
1.3
1
1.4
30.2
2.8
5.9
1.1
1.2
1.6
1.4
11.1
36.0
38.2
1.0
3.6
8.6
37.8
1.0
3.4
8.7
55.3
9.4
8.8
8.8
8.1
I
O
)
.2
1.7
.5
.1
.1
.2
1.7
.5
.1
.1
.1
1.3
.5
.1
.1
O
0
()
O
2.5
(*)
2
)
3.1
01
()
0)
o1
o
0
o
o
0
I8.8
7.7
I
I
)
/2\
r2\
(2\
(*)
2.2
2.5
I
>
l2\
.7
/2\
/2\
I2\
i2)
1.6
.1
o
O1
()
o1
11.5
V)
V)
Feb.
1987P
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987?
Feb.
1986
.8
2.8
2.2
2.1
2.6
7.7
40.5
.9
.6
.9
38.6
1.0
.7
.9
38.2
1.0
.6
.9
46.7
8.0
18.0
1.6
56.9
75.1
.2
1.2
7.7
14.7
1.8
.5
18.3
4.6
58.1
.2
1.0
5.8
10.9
1.3
57.6
.2
1.0
5.9
11.0
1.3
.6
16.5
3.3
92.6
2.7
83.8
2.5
19.4
1.4
3.0
4.8
2.9
.1
20.9
1.5
5.8
.1
16.5
3.3
20.3
1.9
4.1
5.8
3.2
25.8
7.5
10.2
20.5
1.8
103.6
4.3
1.5
3.8
1.1
5.2
4.7
3.0
2.0
19.8
1.7
23.4
6.9
82.0
2.5
19.8
1.4
3.0
4.8
3.0
23.4
6.7
24.7
1.6
6.7
24.5
1.6
6.5
See footnotes at end of table.
95
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade
Transportation and
public utilities
Manufacturing
State and area
Feb.
1986
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins .
Savannah
563.6
10.0
15.3
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
167.7
2.2
1.7
109.7
5.1
3.4
5.1
9.5
640.7
12.0
12.0
106.4
4.9
3.3
4.8
9.7
167.9
2.1
1.7
109.7
5.1
3.5
5.1
9.8
21.8
16.0
33.3
27.2
34.1
27.8
51.5
10.3
52.7
10.2
18.0
5.4
922.3
35.9
4.4
7.6
540.3
926.2
35.9
4.4
351.9
31.2
18.3
24.0
23.4
34.3
27.8
115.4
90.7
117.8
92.3
118.6
92.9
18.0
5.5
18.0
5.6
80.3
21.3
82.9
22.2
81.7
22.1
275.8
4.5
3.2
2.3
184.2
8.0
4.4
8.6
1.5
6.3
6.6
4.6
4.7
278.1
5.0
2.9
2.1
188.5
8.1
4.4
8.2
1.5
6.4
6.5
4.4
4.7
278.2
5.0
2.9
2.1
188.7
8.1
4.4
8.2
1.5
6.4
6.5
4.3
4.7
1,150.9
34.4
12.6
18.9
716.7
42.0
10.7
22.0
7.9
43.4
32.4
27.9
18.7
1,196.1
36.5
12.5
19.0
736.8
41.9
11.0
22.6
8.0
45.8
33.0
28.3
19.2
1,193.9
35.9
12.5
19.0
729.0
41.9
11.0
22.6
8.0
44.6
32.9
28.2
19.2
112.0
112.1
1.4
1.4
11.0
13.7
32.8
1.4
1.6
2.2
4.6
1.6
2.7
6.4
11.3
13.2
34.9
1.3
1.5
2.2
4.8
1.6
2.7
6.4
11.4
499.8
9.9
10.8
16.3
29.7
41.5
48.1
142.0
9.0
12.4
11.6
26.3
13.6
538.6
10.7
11.4
17.5
30.8
43.6
49.6
149.7
9.5
12.8
11.8
28.0
13.8
533.6
10.5
11.4
17.4
30.6
43.1
49.2
147.9
9.3
12.6
11.8
27.5
13.8
278.4
20.1
50.7
275.8
19.8
50.5
163.7
2.1
1.7
191.6
36.7
20.1
19.2
16.1
Hawaii
Honolulu
21.9
15.9
21.6
15.7
Idaho
Boise City .
51.7
10.2
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline.
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
929.8
35.7
7.6
540.2
32.5
13.5
19.5
5.2
39.2
30.9
45.9
3.9
13.6
19.6
5.3
39.0
30.8
45.7
3.8
Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute
599.5
18.6
7.6
46.6
30.6
47.1
57.8
106.2
20.2
11.5
10.9
24.0
10.5
595.4
17.8
8.3
49.1
30.4
48.9
48.3
106.0
19.8
11.2
10.7
23.8
10.4
597.8
17.4
8.3
49.8
30.4
48.9
50.7
106.1
19.7
11.2
10.7
23.9
10.4
109.2
1.3
1.6
2.7
2.6
2.6
1.3
1.5
2.2
4.8
2.6
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls .
200.4
22.0
22.1
11.9
3.6
9.6
12.8
198.8
22.3
21.9
8.8
3.8
7.1
207.0
22.0
22.6
11.5
3.8
6.8
12.6
52.2
4.1
11.9
1.5
1.2
3.4
1.8
52.2
4.1
11.9
1.5
1.2
3.4
1.8
263.0
9.4
50.5
4.1
11.9
1.6
1.0
3.1
1.8
Kansas
Lawrence .
Topeka
Wichita
174.3
4.3
9.3
54.7
170.4
4.4
9.1
55.7
175.0
4.4
62.3
1.3
6.8
61.7
1.3
6.6
9.8
61.6
1.3
6.5
9.8
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette.
Louisville
Owensboro
251.5
28.8
85.8
5.7
255.2
28.2
86.1
5.7
253.4
28.2
86.5
5.3
65.5
7.6
25.3
2.2
68.8
7.7
25.5
2.3
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux .
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport
166.7
3.2
19.2
4.7
6.1
8.8
7.3
43.7
19.1
163.9
3.5
18.7
4.4
162.3
3.5
18.7
111.6
2.3
10.3
7.3
7.4
3.8
2.8
44.6
8.5
105.0
2.3
18.6
4.2
5.6
8.8
7.3
42.5
18.5
Lewiston-Auburn ...
Portland
103.5
10.2
16.5
103.7
9.9
16.3
102.8
9.8
15.9
18.8
1.3
5.7
See footnotes at end of table.
96
5.9
8.7
7.4
43.9
3.8
9.2
56.1
Feb.
1987^
686.7
12.5
12.7
381.0
32.9
20.3
25.3
23.8
564.4
8.7
15.4
191.4
36.5
19.5
18.9
16.9
29.4
Jan.
1987
12.5
12.7
382.6
33.0
20.3
25.5
23.8
563.3
8.7
15.3
191.4
36.6
19.6
18.7
17.0
4.8
7.4
553.8
32.6
14.7
19.6
5.3
40.9
32.0
45.5
Jan.
1987
6.4
13.2
34.7
19.7
50.2
8.7
8.8
12.0
13.8
9.4
9.4
8.8
12.1
14.2
8.9
11.9
14.1
238.9
6.5
18.0
48.9
247.0
6.8
244.4
6.8
18.6
48.6
68.6
7.6
25.7
2.3
289.1
37.7
301.6
99.3
8.4
40.1
102.0
8.1
10.4
5.7
6.4
3.7
2.6
42.3
8.3
105.1
2.3
10.5
5.7
6.5
3.7
2.6
42.2
8.2
370.8
10.1
51.8
14.3
25.2
14.1
14.9
137.2
32.1
359.7
10.8
52.1
13.3
21.9
13.7
14.8
135.1
30.2
356.9
10.7
51.9
12.9
21.7
13.5
14.7
19.4
1.3
6.0
19.3
1.3
5.9
104.9
8.6
112.8
9.1
34.3
112.8
31.4
18.7
49.2
299.6
39.8
100.8
7.9
134.5
30.0
8.9
33.8
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
139.6
2.4
1.9
91.2
5.2
5.8
7.1
4.2
149.0
2.4
2.0
96.7
5.9
6.3
7.4
4.5
148.7
2.4
2.0
96.4
5.9
6.2
7.4
4.4
483.2
7.6
8.5
289.3
28.5
14.6
20.1
21.6
520.8
7.9
9.2
315.0
29.6
15.4
20.7
22.7
524.0
8.0
9.2
316.9
29.6
15.5
20.8
22.7
460.8
12.5
18.5
183.1
32.8
20.4
33.8
15.2
463.3
12.7
18.9
185.9
33.3
20.1
34.0
16.1
466.1
12.7
19.0
186.9
33.5
20.1
34.1
16.1
Hawaii
Honolulu
32.6
27.5
33.1
27.9
33.1
28.0
117.4
91.3
121.0
94.3
121.8
94.8
94.8
80.3
94.0
79.2
96.0
81.1
Idaho
Boise City
23.5
8.4
23.8
8.6
23.8
8.5
65.5
17.8
67.6
18.1
67.9
18.2
71.4
16.6
70.6
16.9
72.4
17.0
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
340.2
6.8
9.1
3.1
245.5
7.7
2.8
3.7
1.6
6.7
6.7
5.1
7.7
347.1
6.8
9.2
3.3
252.3
8.0
2.7
3.8
1.6
6.6
7.0
5.5
7.9
347.3
6.8
9.2
3.2
252.4
8.0
2.7
3.8
1.6
6.3
7.0
5.4
7.8
1,105.3
26.2
10.9
14.0
742.2
29.2
10.1
18.7
8.0
36.4
31.7
23.8
23.7
1,123.2
28.5
11.2
14.3
760.1
30.2
10.2
18.9
8.1
40.0
32.0
23.9
22.4
1,128.1
28.4
11.2
14.3
762.2
30.0
10.2
18.9
8.2
40.2
32.1
23.9
22.5
709.8
14.6
12.0
34.2
357.6
27.5
5.4
16.0
6.4
28.6
16.1
12.1
31.3
716.7
14.5
12.3
31.0
359.3
27.1
5.5
16.0
6.4
28.1
16.0
12.2
31.5
725.5
14.6
12.3
34.4
362.8
27.3
5.5
16.1
6.6
28.5
16.1
12.2
31.7
Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute
107.0
1.6
1.5
2.3
4.8
11.1
7.8
41.8
1.3
2.8
1.5
5.2
1.8
111.7
1.6
1.6
2.4
4.9
11.7
8.1
43.4
1.4
2.9
1.6
5.6
1.8
111.7
1.6
1.6
2.4
4.9
11.7
8.1
43.3
1.4
2.9
1.6
5.6
1.8
413.7
9.2
7.5
12.0
27.5
34.2
42.6
122.2
5.8
10.5
9.6
28.5
10.6
425.7
9.4
7.6
12.6
28.1
35.5
43.8
129.8
5.8
10.9
9.7
29.4
10.7
431.3
9.4
7.7
12.6
28.2
35.8
44.1
130.9
5.9
10.9
9.8
29.6
10.7
347.7
5.7
17.9
5.5
11.8
17.4
30.7
87.9
5.4
21.0
11.3
11.2
10.7
348.0
5.7
17.4
5.4
11.6
17.6
30.1
88.7
5.4
20.2
11.2
11.4
10.3
356.4
5.8
18.5
5.6
12.0
17.8
30.6
89.6
5.6
21.3
11.4
11.5
10.8
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
62.2
4.7
24.7
1.4
1.4
2.6
3.1
63.5
4.6
26.2
1.4
1.5
2.6
3.2
63.4
4.5
26.2
1.4
1.5
2.6
3.2
233.5
17.4
47.7
11.4
7.5
12.2
13.4
237.9
17.9
50.3
12.4
7.6
12.9
14.0
239.3
17.9
50.8
12.5
7.7
13.2
14.0
211.4
10.2
29.2
3.5
25.6
6.3
12.4
209.5
9.9
30.2
3.5
22.5
6.5
12.0
215.9
10.1
30.6
3.6
24.9
6.5
13.1
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
53.3
.9
5.8
10.5
54.6
1.0
6.1
10.9
54.4
1.0
6.1
10.9
188.5
5.1
18.4
42.0
194.2
5.2
18.9
43.2
194.7
5.4
19.0
43.5
197.5
11.3
21.0
25.7
194.6
10.9
20.6
24.9
199.5
11.4
21.0
25.5
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro
55.7
8.5
26.7
1.3
60.1
9.0
28.1
1.4
60.3
9.0
28.1
1.4
251.2
37.7
92.9
7.1
260.3
38.6
97.2
7.3
261.2
38.9
97.9
7.4
239.1
34.8
59.2
4.9
238.4
32.7
59.3
5.2
242.2
35.1
60.1
5.2
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport
85.2
2.6
13.6
2.6
4.2
2.7
4.4
33.5
7.9
84.7
2.6
13.2
2.4
4.0
2.7
4.5
34.1
7.8
84.8
2.6
13.3
2.4
4.0
2.7
4.4
34.0
7.8
319.6
10.6
41.0
8.8
19.9
10.6
11.1
134.1
30.0
312.8
11.0
41.1
8.0
17.4
10.6
11.2
131.8
30.0
313.0
11.1
41.4
8.1
17.3
10.6
11.1
132.0
30.6
324.8
13.0
55.9
11.3
13.4
10.5
10.3
88.5
25.6
318.5
12.8
55.2
10.7
12.2
10.6
10.0
85.0
25.1
320.3
12.7
56.2
11.0
12.7
10.5
10.9
84.7
25.2
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
21.6
1.9
10.2
23.1
2.1
11.4
23.0
2.2
11.3
95.5
9.7
25.6
101.6
9.9
26.4
102.6
10.2
26.5
89.7
3.9
15.1
86.9
4.0
14.1
91.2
4.0
15.3
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah
See footnotes at end of table.
97
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction
Mining
Total
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987^
Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C. .
1,879.6
1,966.0
1,016.3
1,052.6
444.1
451.2
701.2
451.0
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
2,916.6
1,646.1
69.1
54.2
39.3
158.9
102.7
64.5
40.8
224.7
187.1
2,968.3
1,682.6
70.7
55.0
39.2
2,983.6
158.7
103.6
158.8
64.9
64.8
41.8
234.0
192.9
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .
3,580.0
157.3
53.6
60.3
1,796.5
3,628.1
163.4
54.6
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
Rochester
St. Cloud
666.3
42.1
231.7
191.0
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1986
1,959.3
1,047.1
71.1
54.9
39.3
103.9
Feb.
1987P
1.4
.2
1.6
.2
1.6
.2
121.2
57.3
15.7
53.1
150.5
65.9
17.0
61.0
143.2
63.7
16.5
57.7
1.4
.6
2.0
.8
2.0
.8
102.2
53.9
3.0
1.5
1.7
10.4
4.0
2.1
1.5
6.7
6.9
114.2
59.1
3.8
1.9
1.8
8.4
4.5
2.7
1.8
7.6
7.7
110.7
58.1
3.9
1.8
1.8
8.3
4.4
2.5
1.7
7.4
7.4
95.9
4.2
1.1
1.1
49.6
4.1
11.2
1.0
2.7
4.5
1.6
4.8
107.6
4.1
1.2
1.2
58.5
4.6
12.9
1.1
2.8
5.2
1.7
5.6
104.0
4.0
1.3
1.2
57.7
4.5
12.8
1.1
2.7
4.8
1.6
5.3
55.8
2.2
39.1
1.4
2.6
64.3
3.2
45.9
1.3
3.0
62.6
2.9
44.6
1.3
3.2
698.8
1,690.7
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987P
01
0)
()
O
o
o
o
.1
.2
.2
3,643.2
164.0
o
9.8
O
O
54.9
61.4
61.6
1,848.6
55.0
147.5
1,848.2
173.1
297.1
49.4
102.3
200.0
54.8
149.3
1,832.5
79.4
1,199.8
53.7
63.9
1,876.9
80.2
1,229.6
55.3
66.3
1,881.3
80.0
Mississippi..
Jackson
842.5
168.1
846.3
171.2
849.3
171.6
8.3
1.5
6.2
1.2
6.1
1.2
33.1
8.0
31.8
8.1
31.5
8.0
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield
2,077.0
701.9
35.2
2,107.1
2,109.4
712.8
35.1
1,080.5
103.1
5.7
.5
5.2
.5
5.2
.5
3.5
.1
3.5
.1
3.4
.1
83.3
30.0
1.2
49.1
3.7
92.0
34.1
1.2
54.1
3.8
89.0
33.6
1,069.9
100.0
708.4
35.0
1,083.4
103.0
Montana ..
268.1
270.5
270.2
6.0
5.5
5.6
7.5
7.6
7.6
Nebraska.
Lincoln ...
Omaha...
637.7
106.0
285.7
647.0
105.5
289.5
648.6
107.1
289.6
1.6
2.0
1.9
19.9
3.4
10.0
22.0
3.3
11.3
21.4
3.3
10.9
Nevada
Las Vegas .
Reno
450.0
252.7
121.0
476.6
271.2
125.6
479.2
272.6
126.4
5.9
6.6
1
.7
.3
.7
23.6
14.5
5.6
26.8
16.4
6.6
26.8
16.5
6.6
New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester,NH-ME .
472.4
84.9
98.5
493.4
88.1
103.4
492.5
87.8
103.5
.4
.1
.1
.4
.1
.1
.4
.1
.1
31.3
3.9
4.;
32.9
4.9
4.9
31.7
4.9
4.8
3,383.1
141.2
635.0
396.2
230.7
479.3
289.0
924.6
182.9
52.3
3,478.3
149.1
646.5
409.7
238.7
491.7
303.2
950.0
189.8
54.5
3,470.9
149.5
644.2
408.3
239.1
493.8
302.6
946.2
189.3
54.2
2.1
128.8
7.8
23.7
146.9
141.1
9.9
6.1
20.3
9.6
27.2
19.3
5.9
19.7
18.;
35.6
4.3
2.
17.7
34.3
4.1
2.3
New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.
98
176.8
295.6
48.4
100.2
196.6
175.4
298.5
49.4
102.9
202.2
55.0
149.4
1,231.7
55.1
67.2
o
(1)
()
o
o
o
o
0
()
0)
6.2
3.9
4.6
2.9
4.6
2.9
O
()
()
2.1
0
)
.1
.1
0
1
()
0
0
.1
.1
16.7
5.6
18.8
15.
30.6
3.6
1.7
28.5
20.2
1.2
50.9
3.8
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
209.4
133.3
48.2
35.6
207.8
131.9
45.9
35.7
207.3
131.8
45.9
35.7
89.7
54.5
28.1
23.1
91.2
54.0
27.1
24.2
91.8
54.1
27.3
24.3
472.6
245.8
94.4
177.8
500.5
258.4
95.9
189.7
495.6
254.6
94.9
187.5
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
627.9
295.8
11.9
18.0
13.5
53.7
38.4
21.7
12.0
51.8
46.4
610.9
291.4
11.1
16.9
13.2
52.2
37.3
21.1
12.0
52.1
45.4
608.8
291.5
11.0
17.0
13.2
51.6
37.0
21.1
11.9
52.3
45.4
123.8
72.6
5.3
1.8
1.5
6.5
3.4
2.9
.9
8.9
8.1
124.8
73.5
5.0
1.9
1.4
6.7
3.3
3.1
1.0
9.0
7.9
125.4
73.4
5.1
1.9
1.4
6.7
3.2
3.1
.9
9.1
8.1
678.1
367.3
20.2
13.5
9.5
32.5
21.6
14.5
10.6
52.3
45.6
702.0
384.3
21.6
14.5
9.9
35.7
21.7
14.4
11.1
55.0
48.3
697.3
380.1
21.5
14.2
10.0
35.4
21.8
14.4
10.9
54.8
48.3
1,004.3
39.1
14.4
21.2
494.1
67.5
95.6
12.8
29.2
38.6
18.3
46.1
984.0
39.4
14.9
21.3
485.8
60.2
92.5
12.9
29.0
37.4
17.4
44.9
987.2
39.1
15.0
21.2
486.0
62.1
93.1
12.9
29.3
38.0
17.6
44.6
144.9
4.6
1.8
2.5
81.1
4.7
10.8
4.1
3.2
5.6
2.6
7.0
148.9
5.0
1.8
2.5
84.9
4.5
10.7
4.1
3.4
5.2
2.6
7.2
148.7
4.8
1.8
2.5
85.5
4.5
10.8
4.1
3.4
5.2
2.6
7.2
778.1
23.7
9.9
11.2
405.0
40.8
72.5
10.6
21.5
37.6
11.5
32.8
820.5
26.5
10.4
11.5
428.4
42.5
74.3
11.1
22.6
39.1
11.8
34.0
810.8
26.7
10.2
11.3
423.3
42.3
73.8
10.9
22.4
38.4
11.7
33.6
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
360.8
6.8
248.2
10.8
11.3
363.7
7.1
249.1
10.4
11.7
363.5
7.1
248.2
10.4
12.0
96.3
5.4
66.7
1.7
3.7
96.2
4.9
66.3
1.5
3.6
96.4
4.9
66.6
1.5
3.7
450.6
20.5
291.3
10.8
18.9
465.7
21.5
305.1
11.7
20.8
462.0
21.5
302.3
11.4
20.6
Mississippi
Jackson
223.1
19.8
219.4
19.9
220.6
20.0
38.4
10.8
39.4
11.2
39.5
11.2
177.7
40.6
182.6
41.6
181.9
41.5
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield
424.7
118.5
9.0
223.9
19.7
414.2
113.4
8.9
216.9
19.7
412.0
116.7
9.0
215.7
19.5
138.4
54.5
2.1
72.6
6.3
140.7
54.1
2.1
73.8
6.4
140.4
54.3
2.1
73.0
6.5
490.7
178.2
8.5
251.5
26.7
493.7
179.6
8.6
256.2
27.9
491.1
177.8
8.4
254.2
27.9
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
Montana
20.2
21.1
20.7
20.3
19.7
19.8
69.1
70.8
70.5
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
84.6
12.5
32.1
82.6
12.9
31.5
82.7
12.8
31.8
42.4
5.9
22.8
42.9
5.8
23.3
42.6
5.8
23.2
163.8
24.5
73.3
168.6
24.7
75.4
167.5
24.8
74.6
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
21.8
7.9
8.0
22.7
8.2
8.4
22.9
8.4
8.5
25.7
14.4
8.4
26.9
15.4
8.6
27.0
15.5
8.6
90.0
52.5
27.0
96.2
55.9
28.9
96.1
56.1
28.4
118.0
35.2
20.2
118.2
34.9
20.1
16.0
2.2
2.5
17.5
2.1
2.7
17.4
2.2
2.6
112.4
18.3
23.7
123.8
20.6
27.1
123.5
20.4
27.0
684.5
8.4
159.7
74.1
51.7
112.5
30.3
188.5
31.8
14.7
686.3
8.4
160.3
74.4
52.4
113.2
30.2
188.4
31.6
14.7
228.1
5.8
31.4
16.8
30.1
38.8
15.0
79.9
5.9
2.0
230.6
5.9
28.8
17.3
30.2
39.9
16.1
80.7
6.2
2.1
230.6
6.0
28.5
17.4
30.6
39.9
16.0
81.0
6.2
2.1
798.7
27.1
177.4
104.9
54.8
115.6
77.8
189.0
29.2
10.5
836.6
28.6
185.9
107.3
58.3
119.2
83.9
197.1
31.2
10.9
827.3
28.4
184.8
105.9
57.8
118.2
83.3
194.9
31.1
10.8
New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester,NH-ME
120.2
35.9
21.1
New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
691.1
8.1
165.2
74.8
50.7
112.7
30.7
187.6
31.6
14.5
'
See footnotes at end of table.
99
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government
Services
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987P
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C. .
111.7
68.0
42.6
36.4
118.3
72.8
45.2
38.9
118.7
73.0
45.3
39.1
478.0
252.0
127.2
187.5
509.3
264.7
133.3
197.8
511.9
264.6
134.6
198.2
395.6
205.2
87.9
386.8
204.7
86.8
152.4
153.6
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
194.8
209.0
142.8
3.0
2.8
1.6
6.0
4.1
2.5
209.3
142.7
3.1
798.4
525.0
390.0
195.9
2.9
10.2
6.8
819.7
535.3
14.2
10.5
838.2
135.0
2.9
2.7
1.5
5.6
3.7
2.4
2.0
14.7
11.9
385.7
195.4
12.0
6.5
4.4
19.2
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
Rochester
St. Cloud
14.3
547.9
14.5
10.5
6.8
18.3
6.9
30.5
19.9
12.0
31.1
20.2
12.0
9.5
54.3
45.7
9.6
56.4
47.5
2.1
15.8
1.6
6.0
4.2
2.5
2.1
15.7
12.7
12.7
11.4
8.9
53.2
45.0
165.4
4.1
3.7
2.3
96.5
5.9
174.8
4.4
3.7
2.5
101.5
6.3
12.9
1.6
4.4
10.4
1.3
6.0
13.6
1.5
4.7
11.1
1.4
5.9
174.2
4.5
3.7
2.5
101.0
6.3
13.5
1.5
4.7
11.1
1.4
5.9
771.1
31.2
11.1
13.5
433.9
30.3
61.4
9.0
21.9
33.3
10.8
29.3
790.5
32.2
11.5
14.2
452.0
31.9
62.2
9.3
22.7
36.0
11.1
30.0
112.5
3.0
118.5
3.2
118.6
3.2
434.8
19.2
86.4
91.8
1.6
2.4
92.2
1.5
2.3
1.6
2.4
Mississippi.
Jackson ....
36.2
13.1
37.7
13.8
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield
124.5
54.6
1.9
68.0
4.9
131.6
56.9
1.8
71.9
5.1
29.5
11.5
6.5
4.8
20.7
13.1
9.5
4.8
37.0
12.7
9.1
4.5
37.7
23.1
23.1
796.8
32.4
11.5
14.2
453.8
32.0
62.8
9.2
22.8
36.2
11.2
30.5
610.6
50.3
11.5
8.5
235.4
23.4
30.8
592.1
51.7
11.1
8.2
296.7
21.5
12.8
448.9
19.0
303.4
22.7
12.7
451.4
19.0
304.1
22.8
13.0
315.7
18.5
170.8
37.9
13.8
132.6
35.2
135.4
36.3
131.5
56.8
1.8
71.6
5.0
466.3
156.8
6.8
262.1
25.3
486.6
160.7
6.7
273.2
26.3
9.0
17.1
66.2
8.7
21.4
236.4
23.0
30.6
9.1
17.0
65.7
8.7
21.5
Feb.
1987P
389.2
205.1
86.5
156.0
391.9
196.2
12.0
6.6
4.5
19.7
13.0
9.2
4.6
38.1
23.4
611.3
52.5
11.5
8.6
240.5
23.7
31.4
9.4
17.4
68.2
8.9
22.1
5.9
12.4
314.8
18.4
167.4
6.0
12.0
322.1
18.4
173.0
6.1
12.3
136.7
36.6
193.0
39.0
193.8
39.1
195.0
39.3
488.5
161.0
6.7
275.3
26.6
343.4
108.8
5.7
139.2
343.1
109.1
5.7
133.8
13.7
351.7
112.1
13.3
5.9
136.4
13.7
Montana ..
12.8
12.7
12.8
60.2
62.3
62.4
72.0
70.8
70.8
Nebraska.
Lincoln ...
Omaha ...
46.1
7.6
27.7
48.0
7.7
29.4
48.1
7.8
29.5
143.0
21.7
75.8
145.1
22.1
74.6
146.4
22.3
75.5
136.3
30.4
43.8
135.8
29.0
43.8
138.0
30.3
43.9
Nevada
Las Vegas .
Reno
21.3
12.7
6.4
23.3
13.9
7.0
23.4
14.1
7.0
199.5
119.3
48.9
212.0
129.6
50.0
212.6
129.5
50.4
62.2
31.1
16.0
62.1
31.5
15.4
63.9
32.2
16.2
New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester,NH-ME
26.8
3.0
5.4
29.4
3.3
6.1
29.5
3.3
6.1
103.2
15.5
16.6
108.6
15.8
17.9
108.7
15.9
18.1
62.1
6.0
24.9
62.8
6.1
24.4
63.1
6.1
24.7
202.6
6.4
33.2
21.1
213.0
6.7
36.0
22.6
212.7
6.7
827.8
64.4
9.8
10.3
33.2
17.0
74.9
796.6
61.5
136.2
90.8
39.5
91.2
74.1
232.7
830.2
65.3
141.2
94.6
41.8
97.2
77.2
535.3
24.3
67.6
71.1
40.2
70.7
59.5
536.8
25.1
66.1
74.1
40.6
69.7
60.4
51.5
54.1
9.8
237.9
54.3
132.8
52.4
11.2
133.6
53.5
11.4
540.6
25.0
66.1
74.2
40.3
72.0
61.0
134.2
53.3
11.3
New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.
100
31.1
16.2
71.4
8.7
2.8
36.0
22.4
10.3
33.1
8.7
17.1
74.8
8.7
2.9
2.9
9.3
141.4
94.0
41.5
96.4
77.2
238.9
9.8
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Mining
Constructior
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
521.1
223.1
39.1
51.1
523.9
226.5
40.3
53.3
527.6
228.1
41.3
53.3
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo .........
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County .. .
Poughkeepsie ...
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
7,727.3
383.6
116.1
411.1
34.4
41.5
1,063.8
3,990.1
3,490.8
76.1
92.9
113.6
450.7
93.0
286.2
114.8
389.9
7,872.5
389.2
116.0
415.5
36.4
43.5
1,095.1
4,045.6
3,533.7
75.6
95.1
113.1
448.7
94.8
291.3
116.1
400.0
7,903.7
391.9
116.8
419.8
36.4
43.8
1,093.8
4,056.6
3,544.3
76.3
95.6
114.0
450.7
94.7
292.7
117.0
400.4
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point .
Raleigh-Durham
2,681.7
74.2
529.8
442.5
364.5
2,756.9
74.0
547.8
449.2
373.6
243.6
34.9
66.7
28.0
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
New Mexico ....
Albuquerque ...
Las Cruces...
Santa Fe
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1986
14.7
.2
.1
.1
19.0
.2
.1
.1
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987P
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
14.7
.2
.1
.1
32.7
15.8
2.5
2.8
33.0
16.4
2.6
3.2
32.8
16.3
2.7
3.1
5.2
.2
289.5
16.1
4.7
11.8
1.2
1.5
51.5
140.1
110.0
2.2
3.9
5.6
14.4
4.3
13.2
2.8
24.6
283.7
15.3
4.5
11.4
1.1
1.5
50.1
138.3
109.1
2.0
3.7
5.4
14.0
4.2
12.7
2.6
23.9
.1
.1
.3
.2
.1
.3
.2
.1
.3
262.1
13.3
4.3
11.4
1.0
1.3
46.4
132.5
106.1
1.9
3.4
4.8
13.1
3.9
13.4
2.5
21.6
2,762.8
73.9
549.1
448.5
374.2
4.6
.1
.4
.3
.4
4.7
.1
.3
.3
.3
4.7
.1
.3
.3
.3
146.7
3.5
29.4
23.1
22.9
156.0
3.5
31.2
23.1
24.0
154.5
3.4
30.6
22.8
23.8
243.5
35.7
69.0
28.0
243.9
35.6
69.0
28.6
5.6
.2
3.9
.2
3.8
.2
7.3
1.1
2.3
1.0
7.9
1.2
2.6
1.1
7.6
1.1
2.4
1.1
4,348.7
254.6
149.0
629.5
8*57.0
610.0
410.1
265.7
182.6
4,466.2
259.5
151.3
650.8
877.6
637.9
423.9
276.6
187.9
4,470.1
259.3
151.5
655.0
876.4
638.5
423.4
276.9
187.3
23.8
.8
1.2
.3
1.2
.9
.3
.2
.7
21.2
.7
1.1
.3
1.0
.8
.4
.2
.5
20.8
.6
1.0
.3
1.0
.9
.4
.1
.5
128.7
6.9
4.1
21.6
22.0
19.9
11.6
7.6
5.1
144.7
7.9
4.9
25.0
22.6
22.8
14.6
9.0
6.1
139.5
7.6
4.6
24.2
21.9
22.3
14.0
8.7
5.8
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
1,142.4
23.5
33.6
417.3
299.0
1,124.4
21.5
32.7
401.0
298.7
1,122.5
21.3
32.8
401.8
297.7
59.5
1.7
.2
15.1
18.2
53.4
1.2
.2
12.2
17.1
52.2
1.1
.2
11.8
17.0
37.8
.8
1.2
13.4
11.6
38.1
.8
1.3
13.0
12.1
38.4
.8
1.3
12.9
12.2
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem
1,025.3
96.4
520.4
87.5
1,051.8
99.2
527.5
88.4
1,061.0
100.0
531.7
89.4
1.2
.1
.5
.1
1.2
.1
.5
.1
1.3
.1
.5
.1
30.1
2.5
17.1
2.8
29.0
2.6
17.0
2.5
28.8
2.6
16.8
2.4
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle ....
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
4,672.1
258.5
46.8
50.7
107.7
274.8
73.0
166.6
2,043.5
753.4
821.1
4,749.7
261.0
48.0
49.0
107.8
284.5
75.6
172.9
2,105.4
761.7
833.7
4,756.0
261.9
48.1
48.7
107.8
284.9
75.6
174.2
2,101.2
760.1
830.7
33.5
.4
()
(2)
.3
.4
3.6
.3
1.1
(2)
6.8
31.4
.4
(*)
(2)
.3
.4
3.8
.3
1.1
(2)
6.6
30.8
.4
()
(2)
.2
.4
3.8
.3
1.1
2
()
6.4
160.0
8.7
1.8
3.3
2.3
8.9
1.9
7.9
76.5
15.9
31.3
182.2
10.8
2.1
3.6
2.9
10.7
2.2
9.2
93.7
17.4
36.3
174.6
10.2
2.0
3.6
2.7
10.3
2.0
9.1
88.9
16.7
35.3
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks
5.2
.2
5.2
.2
1
1
1
()
()
()
.4
1
()
.2
1.3
.8
.3
1.4
.9
(1)
(1)
(*)
.6
(2)
O
O
(2)
.2
1.3
.8
(1)
(1)
(2)
.8
.8
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
2
(1)
(1)
()
(1)
0
.3
.4
1
2
See footnotes at end of table.
101
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
127.1
58.2
7.7
10.5
36.6
19.3
3.2
1.6
37.1
19.3
3.6
1.6
37.1
19.3
3.5
1.6
29.5
12.3
1.3
1.3
28.7
12.5
1.3
1.2
29.0
12.5
1.3
1.2
122.5
56.4
7.5
9.6
127.7
58.6
7.7
10.5
1,259.5
50.7
38.6
76.6
6.7
9.8
179.7
480.4
395.6
24.6
14.7
32.9
143.4
16.0
54.8
24.5
67.1
1,215.3
48.0
36.9
75.3
7.0
10.2
180.9
458.9
374.3
24.1
14.3
30.9
134.4
15.7
54.0
23.7
67.0
1,221.6
48.1
36.8
75.3
7.0
10.3
180.5
466.8
381.7
24.0
14.6
30.7
134.2
15.8
53.6
23.6
67.5
403.4
16.1
4.1
20.9
1.3
1.2
45.7
247.4
222.4
3.3
5.5
3.3
13.6
4.2
15.8
4.6
20.1
401.0
16.2
4.0
21.3
1.3
1.3
47.2
240.5
215.5
3.3
5.5
3.3
13.9
4.2
16.6
4.7
20.2
401.4
16.3
4.1
21.3
1.3
1.3
47.2
240.8
215.8
3.3
5.6
3.3
13.9
4.2
16.7
4.7
20.1
1,614.7
81.6
23.6
102.8
9.5
9.3
283.9
746.6
626.6
16.8
23.9
20.1
92.2
21.9
66.3
24.4
94.0
1,675.2
84.2
25.3
106.1
10.2
10.2
296.5
760.0
636.2
17.3
25.6
21.1
96.3
22.9
70.3
25.8
96.6
828.0
21.1
145.4
152.1
60.2
834.0
20.0
148.9
151.5
58.1
833.7
19.9
149.2
151.2
58.0
129.7
3.5
45.3
24.2
17.2
131.8
3.6
46.9
25.0
18.0
132.2
3.6
47.1
24.7
18.0
586.6
16.5
125.1
97.8
73.3
614.9
16.9
130.1
100.7
75.5
612.2
16.7
129.6
100.3
75.1
15.0
1.8
4.6
1.5
15.2
1.8
4.8
1.5
15.4
1.8
4.8
1.6
16.0
2.7
4.1
1.5
15.4
2.6
4.2
1.4
15.3
2.6
4.2
1.4
64.8
9.4
19.6
7.8
65.0
9.5
20.2
7.9
64.6
9.4
20.1
7.9
1,109.8
66.6
44.4
147.8
205.5
105.9
105.1
63.8
51.8
1,095.7
66.6
42.7
144.3
203.9
105.1
105.8
63.0
51.1
1,097.1
66.3
43.0
147.3
203.7
104.2
105.0
62.7
50.9
197.5
12.8
5.7
32.8
40.4
25.1
14.2
13.5
7.4
205.1
12.9
5.8
33.7
41.1
26.9
14.7
14.2
8.0
206.0
13.1
6.0
34.0
41.0
27.6
14.7
14.3
7.9
1,020.6
61.0
36.5
158.3
207.2
150.7
90.0
64.2
44.5
1,068.0
64.1
38.5
168.2
213.2
157.3
95.1
67.0
46.2
1,056.9
63.3
38.3
166.5
211.1
156.6
93.9
66.0
45.7
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
166.6
1.7
3.4
50.7
52.4
158.9
1.5
3.3
48.9
50.1
158.6
1.5
3.3
48.7
49.9
64.3
2.4
1.4
20.9
22.2
63.2
2.1
1.3
20.1
22.7
62.5
2.0
1.3
19.9
22.6
274.7
6.5
8.8
104.9
71.5
276.1
6.1
8.6
97.8
73.3
271.4
6.0
8.5
97.2
72.2
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
190.6
17.5
90.5
11.5
189.2
18.2
87.7
10.7
191.3
18.1
88.4
11.1
55.7
4.0
32.7
2.5
57.0
4.0
32.5
2.5
56.9
4.0
32.8
2.5
254.9
24.5
136.3
19.7
267.0
25.4
141.0
20.6
265.1
25.3
140.3
20.6
1,053.7
81.7
10.4
11.6
35.6
50.7
11.8
57.6
385.5
100.6
132.4
1,024.9
76.3
10.3
9.5
34.3
50.7
12.6
58.8
377.4
98.7
123.8
1,028.3
76.7
10.6
9.2
34.3
50.7
12.6
59.5
376.8
97.4
125.1
237.0
13.7
4.7
5.0
3.9
17.6
5.0
6.8
94.0
44.3
44.7
238.9
13.9
4.8
5.0
3.9
17.8
5.0
7.0
96.3
45.6
44.0
239.4
14.0
4.8
5.0
3.8
17.9
5.0
7.0
96.3
45.0
43.5
1,052.4
55.7
12.0
10.7
22.7
61.3
15.2
40.0
470.7
145.0
204.9
1,097.0
59.0
12.4
11.1
23.1
65.1
15.8
41.8
493.0
148.1
213.7
1,086.9
58.3
12.3
11.0
22.9
64.9
15.6
41.4
488.2
147.2
210.0
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.
102
1,661.8
84.2
25.1
106.3
10.2
10.3.
292.8
753.8
630.7
17.2
25.4
20.9
95.5
22.6
69.6
25.6
96.2
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Feb.
1986
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
26.2
13.9
1.5
2.0
27.0
14.6
1.6
2.1
26.9
14.5
1.6
2.1
115.6
59.9
5.6
12.6
118.5
61.7
6.1
13.1
119.2
62.5
6.1
13.1
139.0
45.3
17.4
21.1
137.2
43.2
17.3
21.5
140.8
44.6
18.3
21.6
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
735.4
20.6
3.8
23.5
1.2
1.8
68.1
544.8
516.3
1.9
3.8
3.8
20.0
3.6
18.5
6.2
24.3
763.7
21.6
3.8
24.9
1.2
1.9
72.8
560.9
530.6
1.7
4.0
4.2
20.8
3.7
18.8
6.4
25.9
763.9
21.7
3.8
24.8
1.2
1.8
73.0
560.6
530.4
1.7
4.0
4.2
20.7
3.7
18.7
6.5
25.9
2,064.6
92.8
20.6
103.1
8.5
9.1
260.9
1,190.0
1,055.9
15.4
19.7
24.4
103.4
22.3
67.8
23.9
107.2
2,140.4
94.9
20.9
104.8
9.0
9.2
268.1
1,226.2
1,088.5
15.1
20.2
24.1
105.4
22.9
68.5
24.1
110.2
2,162.4
95.7
21.0
107.2
9.1
9.3
269.5
1,233.4
1,094.9
15.8
20.3
25.1
106.7
23.0
70.5
24.4
110.8
1,382.3
108.4
21.1
72.4
6.3
8.9
178.9
647.0
567.0
12.2
21.8
24.3
64.4
21.0
49.5
28.6
55.3
1,382.2
107.9
20.3
71.0
6.5
9.0
177.8
657.6
577.8
11.6
21.5
23.9
62.8
21.0
49.7
28.4
55.0
1,403.7
110.3
21.3
73.1
6.5
9.2
180.5
661.5
580.9
12.1
22.0
24.3
64.8
21.2
50.8
29.6
55.7
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
113.7
2.6
31.4
20.6
20.5
122.0
2.6
33.7
21.7
22.7
122.3
2.6
34.0
21.6
22.8
436.3
15.4
92.8
73.4
83.7
455.4
15.3
95.9
75.2
88.0
459.0
15.4
96.8
75.3
89.0
436.3
11.6
60.1
50.9
86.5
438.0
12.0
60.8
51.6
86.9
444.2
12.2
61.4
52.1
87.0
12.2
1.6
4.2
1.1
12.4
1.6
4.3
1.2
12.4
1.6
4.4
1.1
58.0
10.0
18.1
6.0
59.1
10.3
18.7
6.2
59.2
10.3
18.8
6.3
64.7
8.1
13.8
9.1
64.6
8.5
14.2
8.7
65.6
8.6
14.3
9.2
224.2
9.7
6.3
36.5
50.0
51.6
16.8
10.6
7.7
236.6
10.2
6.5
38.7
53.1
54.9
17.6
11.3
8.2
237.4
10.2
6.6
38.9
53.3
55.1
17.6
11.4
8.2
956.8
53.7
32.3
146.6
215.1
138.5
98.1
63.7
41.1
1,006.1
54.6
33.4
154.5
226.6
149.5
102.5
70.3
43.1
1,013.5
54.6
33.4
156.3
227.1
150.5
103.5
70.7
43.0
687.3
43.0
18.5
85.7
115.7
117.3
74.0
42.1
24.4
688.8
42.5
18.3
86.1
116.1
120.6
73.2
41.7
24.6
699.0
43.6
18.7
87.6
117.2
121.2
74.1
43.1
25.2
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
62.7
1.2
1.6
26.7
17.5
62.4
1.0
1.5
26.1
17.4
61.9
1.0
1.5
25.7
17.3
221.5
5.3
5.5
85.5
68.4
221.5
5.1
5.3
84.8
69.2
222.7
5.2
5.3
85.8
69.8
255.3
3.9
11.5
100.1
37.2
250.8
3.7
11.2
98.1
36.8
254.8
3.7
11.4
99.8
36.7
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem
67.1
4.5
42.2
5.1
70.7
4.6
43.3
5.5
70.8
4.7
43.3
5.5
222.3
20.8
125.0
17.3
233.3
22.1
129.1
18.0
239.0
22.4
132.4
18.3
203.4
22.5
76.1
28.5
204.4
22.2
76.4
28.5
207.8
22.8
77.2
28.9
267.9
10.1
1.4
1.7
4.9
15.3
4.6
6.2
147.3
67.5
50.3
280.5
10.5
1.5
1.7
4.9
16.1
5.0
6.5
155.3
70.3
52.3
280.8
10.6
1.5
1.7
4.9
16.1
5.4
6.5
155.0
69.8
52.1
1,179.7
58.6
9.5
10.5
24.3
55.5
18.3
32.5
569.7
239.7
246.1
1,222.8
60.6
9.9
10.7
25.1
58.6
18.9
34.4
591.3
243.0
254.8
1,230.8
61.9
9.9
10.7
25.3
58.7
18.9
34.7
597.4
247.6
254.9
687.9
29.6
7.0
7.9
13.7
65.1
12.6
15.3
298.7
140.4
104.6
672.0
29.5
7.0
7.4
13.3
65.1
12.3
14.9
297.3
138.6
102.2
684.4
29.8
7.0
7.5
13.7
65.9
12.3
15.7
297.5
136.4
103.4
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.
103
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Construction
Mining
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987"
(2)
(2)
(2)
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
139.8
273.3
39.1
50.6
45.5
160.4
145.2
277.2
39.2
48.8
47.4
164.0
144.8
277.2
39.4
52.2
47.3
163.6
Rhode island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
429.4
127.1
301.1
438.1
129.5
310.6
437.6
129.3
310.3
1,308.1
175.2
212.0
288.6
1,344.7
181.2
212.2
300.6
1,352.2
182.2
213.1
300.7
242.7
31.3
61.3
246.3
32.7
61.7
246.7
32.5
61.6
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
1,868.9
175.8
151.2
233.1
391.5
439.1
1,960.2
180.5
154.4
236.4
407.1
450.7
1,963.4
179.0
153.4
236.4
409.4
453.8
7.3
.9
.2
1.9
.1
.8
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
6,641.7
53.0
78.8
364.5
131.7
59.2
65.9
49.5
131.9
1,337.9
182.8
506.9
71.6
1,447.1
67.1
34.8
67.0
90.6
87.6
48.9
50.1
37.6
491.5
37.9
44.7
61.7
29.0
78.6
50.8
6,469.7
49.8
111
361.0
126.6
55.7
65.7
45.9
128.0
1,316.6
184.4
509.6
69.1
1,372.6
67.5
34.8
64.8
89.9
89.1
44.0
43.1
36.8
492.7
38.1
44.5
60.1
27.8
77.6
50.0
6,485.4
50.2
77.2
363.2
127.2
56.3
65.8
48.4
128.1
1,312.4
183.1
510.0
69.2
1,371.9
67.6
34.8
64.7
90.8
89.3
44.1
43.4
37.1
494.5
38.0
44.6
60.0
27.9
78.0
50.0
240.4
3.5
1.7
1.1
2.3
2.0
.1
1.0
7.3
23.2
.2
4.2
.7
81.7
.1
1.9
4.6
.4
1.4
11.1
8.4
.9
3.1
.2
.1
2.5
2.6
.2
2.7
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
624.0
72.1
433.5
630.1
73.7
440.6
631.8
74.0
441.9
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
228.7
30.5
70.0
240.3
32.0
71.1
241.2
32.2
71.9
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City ...,
Sioux Falls
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
See footnotes at end of table.
104
0.7
.2
.2
(2)
.4
.1
.1
.1
14.0
3.4
10.5
15.8
3.7
14.0
15.4
3.5
13.7
1.6
84.7
13.6
13.4
20.7
86.0
14.0
14.4
21.0
86.1
14.2
14.7
20.8
2.4
.2
6.4
1.5
1.7
7.4
2.1
1.7
7.2
1.9
1.6
6.8
.8
.2
1.8
.1
.7
6.9
.9
.2
1.8
.1
.7
79.9
6.7
5.3
10.8
17.1
25.0
92.7
6.7
4.8
11.7
18.9
29.3
91.5
6.3
4.8
11.5
18.1
29.6
190.7
2.3
1.3
1.0
1.6
1.3
.1
.8
6.0
19.1
2
3.4
.4
64.0
.1
1.8
3.5
.3
1.1
9.0
6.1
.6
2.7
.1
.1
1.9
1.8
.1
2.0
190.0
2.2
1.3
1.0
1.6
1.3
.1
.8
6.0
19.0
.1
3.4
.4
63.5
.1
1.9
3.5
.3
1.1
8.8
6.1
.6
2.6
.1
.1
1.9
1.8
.1
2.0
421.3
2.6
4.0
24.7
8.6
6.1
3.0
2.4
8.9
86.8
9.8
31.5
5.2
98.5
3.9
1.4
3.3
4.2
4.6
1.9
3.1
2.1
36.8
1.7
2.0
3.0
2.2
4.0
2.2
377.4
2.3
3.9
21.5
7.3
5.4
2.7
2.1
8.0
69.5
9.4
29.5
4.5
84.0
3.7
1.3
3.0
3.2
4.6
1.6
2.4
2.0
32.2
1.8
1.4
2.8
1.8
3.9
2.0
372.4
2.4
3.9
21.3
7.6
5.6
2.8
2.0
7.7
67.2
9.7
29.3
4.4
83.9
3.7
1.4
3.0
3.2
4.7
1.5
2.3
2.0
31.7
1.8
1.4
2.6
1.9
3.8
2.0
8.3
29.0
2.6
20.4
26.8
2.5
19.5
26.1
2.3
18.9
12.6
1.5
3.9
14.7
1.8
4.0
14.0
1.7
3.8
(2)
1.6
(1)
(1)
0
2.4
.3
1
1
()
()
8.3
8.6
()
5.2
8.4
.9
1.4
1.4
7.8
.4
2.4
.2
1
5.6
9.1
1.0
1.4
1.5
8.1
.1
.1
.1
0.8
.1
.2
0.8
.2
.2
0)
(11)
()
(1)
(1)
Feb.
1987P
.4
f2)
1.6
O
Jan.
1987
4.7
7.8
.7
1.3
1.3
7.0
.1
.1
.1
01
()
O
Feb.
1986
1.8
2.5
,4
.2
.1
0
O
2.5
.1
1
()
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade
Transportation and
public utilities
Manufacturing)
State and area
Feb.
1986
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
48.1
72.1
9.5
7.6
14.6
57 8
48.4
71.4
8.8
7.0
15.4
56 9
48.5
71.1
8.8
7.5
15.3
56 9
6.2
14.5
2.1
1.2
1.8
6.9
6.5
14.7
1.8
1.3
1.8
6.8
6.6
14.7
1.8
1.3
1.8
6.9
29.7
60.5
10.0
8.9
10.1
37.4
31.7
62.3
10.5
9.2
10.7
39.2
31.0
62.0
10.5
9.4
10.6
38.7
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
.
118.4
55.3
74.3
118.5
55.2
74.0
119.2
55.3
74.6
14.0
3.3
10.8
14.6
3.5
11.4
14.6
3.5
11.4
94.0
29.2
64.5
97.1
30.3
67.6
96.3
30.2
67.1
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
363 4
19.6
27.6
96.8
364 0
20.2
28.5
98.4
363 9
20.5
28.8
98.1
55.4
8.9
9.9
10.1
56.1
8.9
10.2
10.9
56.2
9.0
9.9
10.9
275.7
42.3
46.8
64.2
294.3
44.8
45.8
69.1
294.2
44.5
45.8
68.9
27.0
2.8
8.1
28.5
3.1
8.4
28.5
3.1
8.3
12.6
1.9
4.7
12.5
1.8
4.7
12.5
1.8
4.6
62.3
9.0
16.4
63.9
9.5
16.2
63.6
9.4
16.0
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
486.1
43.6
52.1
51.0
50.6
89.0
492.7
43.8
52.1
50.0
51.3
88.9
491.6
43.7
51.9
50.2
51.3
88.6
94.1
8.5
6.1
8.9
34.1
21.8
97.0
8.7
6.2
9.0
36.7
21.8
97.0
8.6
6.2
8.9
36.8
22.1
430.8
39.4
32.9
56.9
107.5
106.5
459.9
41.5
35.1
56.7
110.3
108.0
455.3
41.9
33.4
55.8
109.8
108.6
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
. .
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen . .
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland .. .
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
976.3
5.2
96
40.9
25.9
164
9.6
3.3
12.5
229.2
36.6
113.9
9.8
164.5
8.8
1 9
15.7
74
12.1
38
4.7
5.6
48 8
11.7
72
11.3
30
162
8.1
941.1
4.8
9.8
39.4
24.1
152
9.8
2.8
11.8
223.3
34.4
111.9
9.1
147.2
8.6
1.7
14.9
72
13.0
3 1
3.5
5.9
46.4
11.1
72
11.0
2.8
146
8.1
942.3
4.8
9.8
39.4
24.1
15.2
9.6
2.8
11.8
222.9
34.1
111.8
9.0
147.5
8.5
1.8
14.8
72
13.0
31
3.5
5.9
46.3
11.0
72
11.0
30
148
8.0
375.0
2.6
6.2
11.1
10.1
2.6
3.3
1.6
7.4
85.9
9.8
25.9
5.1
97.6
2.8
3.8
3.5
4.7
2.8
2.4
2.3
3.4
18.9
2.1
1 9
2.9
1.6
34
2.7
376.3
2.5
5.8
11.4
9.7
2.2
3.1
1.6
7.1
86.1
10.1
27.0
4.4
92.2
2.7
4.0
3.1
4.5
2.8
2.2
2.0
3.2
18.1
2.1
1 9
2.7
1.4
3.5
2.6
377.4
2.6
5.8
11.4
9.7
2.2
3.1
1.6
7.2
86.1
10.0
27.2
4.4
92.3
2.7
3.9
3.1
4.6
2.8
2.3
2.0
3.2
18.1
2.1
1 9
2.7
1.5
3.4
2.6
1,674.7
14.6
23.0
80.9
31.9
11.2
17.9
11.0
33.7
355.8
44.3
134.9
13.3
365.3
15.6
10.4
17.1
27.1
25.9
11.1
14.4
9.4
126.3
8.2
10.5
16.3
7.8
18.6
12.2
1,658.2
13.9
23.1
81.3
31.3
10.8
17.7
10.7
33.8
356.1
45.3
136.6
13.2
355.0
16.2
10.1
17.1
27.6
26.1
10.6
13.0
9.2
130.1
8.9
10.8
16.2
8.1
19.0
12.4
1,652.8
14.0
22.6
80.5
31.3
10.8
17.8
11.1
33.8
353.1
44.7
134.9
13.1
351.1
16.0
9.9
17.1
27.6
26.3
10.6
13.0
9.4
129.6
8.8
10.6
16.1
7.7
19.1
12.3
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
92 4
11.5
62.0
89.2
9.9
60.9
89 6
10.0
60.8
37 5
2.4
29.0
37.5
2.6
29.0
37.3
2.6
28.9
146.8
14.9
107.4
152.9
16.0
112.6
151.9
15.9
111.6
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
48.9
4.3
16.9
49.6
4.2
16.6
49.6
4.5
16.5
9.4
.8
2.9
10.0
.8
3.0
10.0
.8
3.0
50.6
6.5
15.7
54.2
6.9
16.2
54.5
6.9
16.4
.
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
.
.
.
. .
See footnotes at end of table.
105
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
<jovernment
Services
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987^
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987"
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre ..
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
7.0
11.3
1.3
1.5
2.1
4.5
7.4
12.1
1.3
1.6
2.2
4.9
7.4
12.1
1.4
1.6
2.2
4.8
27.5
64.3
10.0
8.5
9.1
28.4
28.8
66.0
10.5
8.9
9.3
29.8
28.8
66.6
10.7
9.0
9.4
30.1
16.6
42.1
5.3
21.4
6.5
18.0
16.8
40.8
5.1
19.2
6.5
17.9
17.3
41.5
5.2
21.8
6.6
18.0
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence
24.4
3.4
20.3
25.1
3.5
21.6
25.0
3.5
21.5
105.5
22.6
76.6
108.2
23.3
78.1
108.5
23.4
78.3
59.0
9.8
44.0
58.7
9.9
43.8
58.5
9.8
43.6
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg .
58.4
7.7
17.2
11.4
62.0
8.4
17.0
11.5
62.2
8.4
17.0
11.5
212.9
35.0
38.3
46.0
222.2
36.1
39.1
48.6
224.9
36.4
39.3
48.7
256.0
48.0
58.5
39.1
258.5
48.7
56.9
40.8
263.1
49.1
57.3
41.5
South Dakota .
Rapid City
Sioux Falls ...
14.0
1.6
6.0
14.2
1.6
5.8
14.2
1.6
5.9
58.9
7.7
16.9
59.0
7.7
17.5
59.5
7.8
17.7
59.1
6.5
7.4
58.3
6.6
7.3
58.9
6.5
7.4
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol.
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
91.4
10.7
4.8
8.8
22.1
30.1
93.4
11.7
4.8
8.3
23.1
30.2
93.5
11.8
4.8
8.4
23.2
30.3
366.2
34.5
26.0
47.0
90.0
101.5
394.5
34.5
26.3
47.9
96.9
105.4
400.0
32.7
26.4
48.8
98.3
107.1
313.0
31.6
23.9
47.8
70.0
64.5
323.2
32.8
24.9
51.0
69.8
66.4
327.6
33.1
25.7
51.0
71.8
66.8
446.6
2.6
4.3
25.1
5.5
2.2
3.5
1.9
6.8
131.9
9.4
28.0
4.5
106.2
3.0
1.6
3.2
5.4
4.1
3.1
1.7
1.8
38.0
1 4
1.9
3.8
1.6
4.7
2.4
441.4
2.6
4.3
25.5
5.5
1.9
3.3
1.7
6.8
131.3
9.9
28.5
4.4
100.7
2.9
1.6
3.4
5.3
3.9
2.9
1.6
1.8
38.6
1.4
1.8
3.7
1.5
4.8
2.4
441.5
2.6
4.4
25.6
5.4
1.9
3.3
1.7
6.8
131.3
9.9
28.6
4.4
100.4
3.0
1.6
3.4
5.3
3.9
2.9
1.7
1.8
39.1
1.4
1.8
3.6
1.5
4.8
2.4
1,367.9
13.5
15.8
82.2
27.4
7.9
13.0
8.0
27.7
283.8
33.6
105.1
12.4
343.0
13.3
5.6
11.3
19.8
13.7
9.2
7.9
7.7
112.1
7.4
8.8
13.1
5.8
19.2
10.9
1,349.1
13.1
16.1
83.4
27.1
7.7
13.5
7.5
27.5
283.0
35.6
109.7
12.5
340.2
13.8
6.0
11.4
20.7
13.8
8.5
7.1
7.5
115.0
7.6
8.8
13.1
6.0
19.4
11.1
1,358.1
13.3
16.0
83.7
27.4
7.7
13.5
7.7
27.5
283.1
35.4
110.9
12.6
342.5
13.9
5.9
11.4
20.9
13.7
8.6
7.2
7.5
116.6
7.6
9.0
13.3
6.1
19.6
11.2
1,139.5
8.4
14.2
98.5
20.0
10.8
15.5
20.3
27.6
141.3
39.1
63.4
20.6
190.3
19.6
8.2
8.3
21.6
23.0
6.3
7.6
6.7
107.5
5.2
12.3
8.8
4.4
12.3
9.6
1,135.5
8.3
13.4
97.5
20.0
11.2
15.5
18.7
27.0
148.2
39.5
63.0
20.6
189.3
19.5
8.3
8.4
21.1
23.8
6.1
7.4
6.6
109.6
5.1
12.5
8.7
4.4
12.3
9.4
1,150.9
8.3
13.4
100.3
20.1
11.6
15.6
20.7
27.3
149.7
39.2
63.9
20.9
190.7
19.7
8.4
8.4
21.7
23.8
6.3
7.6
6.7
110.5
5.2
12.6
8.8
4.4
12.4
9.5
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden....
32.1
2.1
26.5
33.1
2.3
27.1
33.3
2.3
27.4
135.3
25.1
92.2
140.1
26.7
94.6
140.8
27.0
95.4
142.3
13.5
94.2
142.3
13.7
94.5
144.4
13.9
96.3
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier....
Burlington
10.5
2.7
3.1
11.4
3.0
3.3
11.5
2.9
3.3
57.3
6.6
16.0
61.6
7.2
17.6
61.1
7.3
17.6
39.0
7.9
11.5
38.5
8.0
10.4
40.2
8.0
11.3
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission .
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
See footnotes at end of table.
106
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Mining
Construction
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987*
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
2,470.2
29.1
59.8
38.0
69.3
514.4
630.2
404.2
114.5
2,573.6
30.3
62.5
39.0
70.6
526.8
664.3
420.9
118.3
2,567.0
30.1
62.2
38.8
70.2
526.1
661.4
419.7
117.8
16.6
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
.4
.1
15.9
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.4
.3
.1
15.4
Washington
Seattle
1,718.0
863.1
1,765.0
895.7
1,770.0
898.7
2.6
.5
580.5
104.3
98.0
56.6
55.6
586.3
106.0
99.6
57.9
56.1
585.2
105.0
98.6
57.6
55.7
41.7
2.5
1.0
.9
2.5
1,956.6
135.6
51.3
88.5
52.4
34.8
48.1
186.9
661.8
66.9
42.9
42.9
1,991.8
136.9
53.7
89.0
52.1
37.7
47.7
189.5
677.8
68.2
44.5
44.3
1,999.1
137.7
54.0
89.8
52.3
38.1
48.1
191.3
675.9
67.6
44.5
44.2
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1986
.4
.3
.1
160.9
.7
3.4
1.1
2.9
34.5
43.6
24.7
6.2
2.8
.6
2.8
.6
75.1
41.1
80.6
42.6
80.8
42.3
37.1
2.1
1.0
.7
2.4
36.6
2.0
1.0
.8
2.3
17.3
3.3
3.0
2.1
1.2
20.7
4.1
3.2
2.5
1.4
19.6
3.5
2.8
2.2
1.2
1.4
52.1
4.9
1.2
3.3
1.0
.9
1.0
5.3
17.2
1.4
1.2
1.2
57.6
5.1
1.3
2.4
1.3
1.0
1.0
5.1
19.2
2.2
1.2
1.2
55.3
4.7
1.3
2.6
1.3
.9
1.0
4.9
19.1
1.9
1.0
1.2
1.5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
(1)
(1)
1
1
(1)
0
( )
(1)
0)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
Feb.
1987P
164.1
.7
3.5
1.1
3.0
35.3
45.0
24.8
6.3
1.2
(1)
(1)
Jan.
1987
148.8
.7
3.0
1.2
2.6
34.5
42.6
23.0
5.8
(1)
(1)
( )
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987*
Wyoming
196.7
186.3
185.4
21.8
17.5
17.2
16.0
11.4
11.0
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
702.9
43.2
51.4
45.5
433.2
720.8
43.1
51.6
45.5
445.4
723.6
43.4
51.3
45.7
446.5
.7
.8
.9
23.6
(1)
31.3
38.0
37.8
38.4
Virgin Islands
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.1
.4
o
(1)
(1)
.1
.5
0
3.2
24.1
2.3
2.2
2.2
(1)
.1
.6
o
2.2
17.8
31.9
(1)
1
()
3.3
24.8
(1)
(1)
See footnotes at end of table.
107
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrfcultural payrolls Hi States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
422.5
9.4
8.5
16.1
24.3
69.2
33.5
62.7
20.8
423.2
9.5
8.6
16.7
24.3
66.6
34.4
63.2
20.6
422.8
9.5
8.6
16.8
24.1
66.1
34.4
63.4
20.5
132.9
1.1
2.1
.9
2.9
25.4
43.6
21.7
8.9
139.9
1.2
2.1
1.0
2.9
25.5
47.5
22.1
8.8
140.0
1.2
2.1
1.0
2.9
25.5
47.3
22.1
8.8
550.8
7.6
11.4
7.8
13.0
123.9
146.7
97.4
30.3
585.8
8.2
11.8
8.0
13.4
130.9
155.8
101.3
32.0
579.7
8.1
11.5
7.9
13.2
130.2
154.5
100.0
31.8
Washington
Seattle
298.5
168.0
299.7
175.2
299.6
176.0
93.6
56.1
94.4
57.4
94.7
57.6
416.2
211.9
434.3
222.6
431.6
221.5
86.8
12.6
19.3
14.4
7.5
86.0
12.2
19.4
13.9
6.3
86.1
12.1
19.2
13.8
6.5
36.6
8.3
7.4
2.0
3.0
35.6
8.1
7.1
2.0
3.0
35.6
8.0
7.1
2.0
2.9
130.2
27.0
24.7
13.4
14.3
134.9
27.8
25.4
14.2
15.6
133.1
27.5
25.2
14.0
15.5
502.2
48.3
9.6
23.5
17.5
9.3
10.3
20.4
168.9
25.0
18.1
11.3
504.5
47.5
10.0
23.5
16.4
11.4
10.0
21.6
166.8
24.3
18.8
12.0
505.6
47.6
9.8
23.4
16.6
12.1
9.9
21.2
166.2
24.2
18.7
11.9
91.3
5.2
2.8
6.3
2.0
1.3
2.3
6.4
34.6
2.3
1.4
2.7
90.7
5.2
3.0
6.4
1.8
1.3
2.2
6.4
34.7
2.3
1.4
2.7
90.6
5.3
3.0
6.4
1.9
1.3
2.2
6.5
34.5
2.3
1.4
2.7
454.2
28.3
14.1
23.0
12.8
7.9
13.0
40.1
147.2
15.0
8.1
10.5
472.4
29.3
16.0
23.4
13.2
8.2
13.7
41.9
157.4
16.1
8.5
11.2
468.9
29.1
16.0
23.6
13.1
8.2
13.8
42.0
155.3
16.0
8.5
11.1
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.
108
7.4
7.8
7.5
14.2
13.9
13.9
43.9
43.6
42.8
151.6
14.6
20.4
9.7
65.8
148.2
14.8
20.1
8.7
63.6
150.1
15.2
19.9
9.0
64.0
14.8
11.7
15.2
(1)
1
()
(1)
11.6
15.5
(1)
1
()
(1)
11.7
122.0
8.2
6.7
7.2
84.4
128.0
8.1
7.1
7.6
88.5
125.5
8.0
6.8
7.5
86.5
1.9
1.7
1.8
2.4
2.5
2.5
8.7
8.7
8.7
01
(1)
()
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
125.0
.9
2.8
1.1
3.2
22.9
37.7
32.4
7.4
133.4
.9
3.0
1.1
3.3
24.2
41.4
33.8
8.1
133.6
.9
3.1
1.1
3.3
24.2
41.4
33.9
8.1
549.1
4.2
10.1
5.7
13.6
112.6
189.2
79.0
25.8
584.1
4.4
10.8
5.7
14.2
118.6
201.4
85.0
26.7
586.3
4.4
10.8
5.7
14.3
119.6
201.3
85.4
26.6
524.6
5.1
21.8
5.0
9.6
125.8
136.3
87.6
15.4
526.9
5.3
22.6
5.3
9.5
125.5
138.3
90.3
15.7
528.4
5.3
22.7
5.3
9.5
126.0
138.7
89.9
15.6
Washington
Seattle
102.6
64.6
106.1
66.5
106.4
66.7
379.4
193.7
396.0
201.9
399.3
204.1
350.0
127.2
351.1
128.9
354.8
129.9
23.1
5.8
4.1
2.1
2.6
24.0
6.0
4.3
2.1
2.6
24.1
6.0
4.3
2.1
2.6
117.9
23.8
19.0
12.3
15.3
121.5
24.7
20.0
12.9
15.6
122.1
24.8
20.0
12.8
15.5
126.9
21.0
19.5
9.4
9.2
126.5
21.0
19.2
9.6
9.2
128.0
21.1
19.0
9.9
9.2
104.6
6.8
1.8
3.1
1.6
1.0
1.4
16.2
45.1
2.1
2.0
3.2
109.0
7.1
1.8
3.2
1.7
1.1
1.4
17.0
47.2
2.1
2.0
3.4
108.8
7.2
1.8
3.3
1.7
1.1
1.4
17.1
46.8
2.1
2.0
3.4
421.2
25.3
10.8
18.6
10.6
8.2
12.4
39.4
165.9
12.9
6.8
7.7
431.6
26.1
12.0
19.3
10.9
8.4
12.9
40.0
171.2
12.8
7.1
7.8
434.1
26.6
12.0
19.8
10.9
8.4
13.1
40.5
171.8
12.8
7.3
7.9
329.8
16.6
11.1
10.7
6.8
6.2
7.6
59.0
82.5
8.1
5.3
6.2
324.5
16.5
9.6
10.6
6.9
6.2
6.5
57.3
81.0
8.3
5.5
5.8
334.5
17.0
9.9
10.7
6.9
6.2
6.7
58.9
81.9
8.3
5.6
6.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
31.7
31.7
31.8
53.7
52.5
53.1
101.4
7.8
74.3
261.1
14.9
16.2
15.4
156.0
265.0
14.9
16.2
15.5
157.2
264.9
14.9
16.3
15.4
157.6
8.9
13.1
12.5
12.7
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse ..,
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands
Not available.
Combined with construction.
= preliminary.
32.1
33.2
33.4
97.1
99.1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
1
1
1
0
( )
( )
( )
26.1
27.0
27.1
8.0
71.2
7.4
72.9
1.6
1.6
1.6
8.0
8.5
(1)
(1)
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1986 benchmarks.
109
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month
Mining
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
1964..
1965..
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969...
38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7
$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04
$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61
41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0
$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60
1970..
1974...
1975..
1976...
1977..
1978..
1979...
37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7
3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16
119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91
42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0
1980..
1981 ..
1982..
1983 ..
1984..
1985..
1986..
35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8
6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.75
235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.50
43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.3
Construction
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80
37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9
$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79
$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54
3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49
164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07
37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0
5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27
195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99
9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.45
397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
526.64
37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.5
9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.31
12.42
367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.09
465.75
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Annual averages
1971 ..
1972..
1973..
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1986:
March
April
May
June ..
July
August
September.
October
November..
December..
1987:
January
Februaryp .
Marchp ......
305.47
306.71
307.94
42.3
42.0
41.8
42.0
41.6
42.3
42.3
42.2
41.6
42.6
$12.35
12.43
12.44
12.50
12.46
12.51
12.52
12.51
12.57
12.60
42.8
42.1
41.8
12.67
12.52
12.51
$444.81
462.10
467.31
465.32
471.47
475.78
482.79
479.56
459.54
468.63
542.28
527.09
522.92
12.53
12.45
12.57
467.37
459.41
471.38
See footnotes at end of table.
Ill
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities
Manufacturing
Year and
month
Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime
Weekly
earnings
$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19
$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05
$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51
41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7
39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2
3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70
3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43
133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34
39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7
7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.53
9.73
7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.33
288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
385.97
396.01
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968....
1969
40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6
1970
Wholesale trade
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63
$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74
40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2
$2.52
2.61
2.73
2.88
3.05
3.23
$102.56
106.49
111.11
116.06
122.31
129.85
40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9
3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16
155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58
39.9
39.5
39.4
39.3
38.8
38.7
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8
3.44
3.65
3.85
4.08
4.39
4.73
5.03
5.39
5.88
6.39
137.26
144.18
151.69
160.34
170.33
183.05
194.66
209.13
228.14
247.93
39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.63
351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
455.90
38.5
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.4
6.96
7.56
8.09
8.55
8.89
9.16
9.35
267.96
291.06
309.85
329.18
342.27
351.74
359.04
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Annual averages
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1986:
March
April
May
June
July
August
September.
October
November..
December..
1987:
January
Februaryp ..
Marchp
40.7
40.5
40.6
40.8
40.2
40.7
41.0
40.8
41.0
41.6
$9.72
9.70
9.71
9.70
9.74
9.68
9.73
9.72
9.77
9.84
$9.33
9.33
9.34
9.32
9.35
9.27
9.31
9.31
9.36
9.41
$395.60
392.85
394.23
395.76
391.55
393.98
398.93
396.58
400.57
409.34
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.4
39.4
39.1
39.1
39.3
39.2
$11.62
11.55
11.54
11.57
11.61
11.61
11.70
11.68
11.75
11.71
$457.83
450.45
450.06
455.86
457.43
457.43
457.47
456.69
461.78
459.03
38.3
38.3
38.4
38.5
38.5
38.5
38.3
38.4
38.4
38.4
$9.33
9.29
9.29
9.32
9.30
9.32
9.37
9.35
9.46
9.47
$357.34
355.81
356.74
358.82
358.05
358.82
358.87
359.04
363.26
363.65
40.8
40.8
40.9
9.83
9.84
9.85
9.43
9.43
9.44
401.06
401.47
402.87
38.7
39.0
39.1
11.73
11.79
11.78
453.95
459.81
460.60
38.1
38.0
38.1
9.49
9.55
9.51
361.57
362.90
362.33
See footnotes at end of table.
112
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Retail trade
Year and
month
Services
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70
36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7
$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61
$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57
3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27
112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77
34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7
2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36
96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27
5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.34
209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.41
32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.89
8.16
190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.43
265.20
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
1964..
1965..
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969..
37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2
$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30
$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66
37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1
$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93
1970..
1971 ..
1972..
1973..
1974..
1975..
1976..
1977..
1978..
1979..
33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6
2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53
82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62
36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2
1980..
1981 ...
1982..
1983..
1984..
1985..
1986..
30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2
4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.02
147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
175.78
36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.5
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Annual averages
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1986:
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November,
December.
1987:
January
Februaryp .
Marchp
28.9
28.9
29.1
29.5
29.9
29.9
29.2
29.0
29.1
29.5
$6.03
6.01
6.00
5.99
5.97
5.97
6.05
6.04
6.07
6.05
$174.27
173.69
174.60
176.71
178.50
178.50
176.66
175.16
176.64
178.48
36.7
36.4
36.3
36.6
36.5
36.6
36.4
36.6
36.7
36.6
$8.30
8.29
8.31
8.37
8.30
8.33
8.37
8.38
8.54
8.46
$304.61
301.76
301.65
306.34
302.95
304.88
304.67
306.71
313.42
309.64
32.4
32.4
32.4
32.6
32.8
32.8
32.3
32.4
32.4
32.4
$8.18
8.12
8.10
8.10
8.04
8.05
8.19
8.22
8.31
8.31
$265.03
263.09
262.44
264.06
263.71
264.04
264.54
266.33
269.24
269.24
28.4
28.7
28.8
6.07
6.06
6.05
172.39
173.92
174.24
36.5
36.5
36.4
8.58
8.71
8.68
313.17
317.92
315.95
32.2
32.3
32.2
8.36
8.40
8.40
269.19
271.32
270.48
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1985 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1985 forward are subject to revision.
113
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry
Industry
1972
SIC
Code
Total private ..
Mining ..
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
34.4
34.7
34.4
34.5
34.6
42.4
42.3
42.8
42.1
41.8
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
Metal mining ..
Iron ores
Copper ores ..
10
101
102
41.2
41.2
41.3
41.7
42.3
41.5
42.0
43.1
42.9
42.4
43.5
42.4
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining .
11,12
12
41.3
41.4
41.3
41.3
42.3
42.4
42.5
42.7
Oil and gas extraction
13
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2
Oil and gas field services
138
43.4
43.9
43.1
42.7
43.3
42.4
43.1
44.5
42.2
41.7
40.2
42.6
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
40.6
41.2
42.8
44.4
43.1
43.6
43.2
43.8
35.2
36.4
37.3
36.9
15
152
153
154
35.1
34.3
37.9
35.5
36.4
35.5
39.3
37.1
37.2
36.4
38.4
37.9
36.8
35.9
36.6
37.7
16
161
62
37.4
35.3
38.2
39.3
38.3
39.7
40.3
39.2
40.8
41.3
41.0
41.4
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
34.6
36.5
33.0
37.9
31.9
33.1
29.1
35.6
37.2
33.9
38.5
34.1
33.5
30.6
36.6
38.1
34.6
39.0
34.9
35.0
32.2
35.8
37.3
34.7
37.8
33.6
34.9
32.0
40.3
40.7
40.8
40.8
40.9
3.2
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.6
41.0
41.4
41.5
41.4
41.6
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.7
14
142
Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work
Manufacturing
Durable goods
37.5
Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
"Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
39.3
38.6
40.8
41.2
39.3
39.5
39.2
37.6
40.3
42.6
37.4
35.8
36.4
39.5
40.0
39.4
41.4
41.6
40.9
40.3
40.3
38.7
40.6
43.2
38.5
36.6
37.3
39.8
40.0
38.8
41.5
41.6
41.3
40.0
39.4
39.9
41.2
41.5
37.8
37.6
37.0
39.8
40.4
40.0
41.9
42.1
41.1
40.5
39.8
39.6
41.0
43.7
38.2
37.1
37.0
40.5
40.6
2.9
2.7
3.8
4.0
2.6
2.7
2.1
1.6
3.3
5.3
2.1
1.3
1.3
2.9
3.2
3.3
4.0
4.2
3.1
3.1
2.5
2.4
3.5
5.3
2.4
1.5
1.5
3.0
3.3
3.7
4.2
4.4
3.9
3.0
1.8
3.0
3.9
4.7
2.1
1.6
1.2
3.1
3.5
3.9
4.4
4.7
3.7
3.2
2.0
3.2
4.0
5.3
2.2
1.5
1.3
3.2
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259
38.9
38.3
38.7
37.5
39.9
37.9
40.2
38.3
40.0
40.3
39.2
38.8
38.9
37.8
41.1
38.4
40.1
39.1
40.4
39.3
39.6
39.6
39.9
39.3
40.3
38.5
39.2
39.8
40.5
38.2
39.3
39.3
39.4
39.1
41.2
38.0
38.6
39.9
39.9
38.0
39.6
2.1
1.9
2.1
1.4
3.0
1.6
2.6
1.7
2.6
2.2
2.4
2.3
2.3
1.8
4.2
2.1
2.6
2.2
2.6
2.0
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
3.0
2.5
2.7
2.9
2.8
2.2
2.7
2.8
2.7
2.6
4.2
2.3
2.3
3.1
2.8
1.8
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
32
321
322
40.6
43.8
41.2
41.5
44.5
41.7
41.7
45.6
42.4
41.8
45.7
41.6
42.1
4.2
5.8
4.6
4.5
5.9
4.7
4.4
7.0
4.2
4.6
6.6
4.4
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
See footnotes at end of table.
114
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Average hourly earnings
1972
Industry
Mar.
1986
Total private ..
Mining ..
Jan. i Feb.
1987
1987P
Average weekly earnings
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
$8.74
$8.73
$8.88
$8.89
$8.90 $300.66 $302.93 $305.47 $306.71 $307.94
12.32
12.35
12.67
12.52
12.51 522.37
522.41
542.28
527.09
Metal mining ..
Iron ores
Copper ores ..
10
101
102
13.44
13.93
12.92
13.38
13.91
12.73
12.80
14.21
11.41
12.79
14.20
11.33
553.73
573.92
533.60
557.95
588.39
528.30
537.60
612.45
489.49
542.30
617.70
480.39
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining ..
11,12
12
15.25
15.30
15.17
15.22
15.76
15.82
15.61
15.66
629.83
633.42
626.52
628.59
666.65
670.77
663.43
668.68
Oil and gas extraction
13
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2
Oil and gas field services
138
11.47
13.76
10.28
11.56
13.75
10.32
11.73
14.18
10.01
11.47
9.88
497.80
| 604.06
443.07
493.61
595.38
437.57
505.56
631.01
422.42
478.30
563.60
420.89
10.28
9.49
10.18
9.49
10.53
9.63
10.56
9.72
! 417.37
! 390.99
435.70 | 453.84
421.36 419.87
456.19
425.74
12.35
12.22
12.53
12.45
12.57| 434.72
467.37
459.41
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels ..
Crushed and broken stone ..
14
142
Construction ..
Mar.
1987 P
I
14.02
444.81
522.92
471.38
15
152
153
154
11.30
10.71
9.32
12.00
11.22
10.63
9.41
11.89
11.48
10.85
9.94
12.20
11.44
10.84
9.94
12.12
396.63
367.35
353.23
426.00
408.41 I 427.06
377.37 I 394.94
369.81
381.70
441.12 462.38
420.99
389.16
363.80
456.92
Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway ..
16
161
162
11.69
10.74
12.04
11.41
10.39
11.84
11.72
11.32
11.91
11.54
11.00
11.80
437.21
379.12
459.93
448.41
397.94
470.05
472.32
443.74
485.93
476.60
451.00
488.52
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating ..
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
13.01
13.10
11.79
14.32
12.94
12.08
11.59
12.92
13.13
11.85
14.29
12.91
12.13
11.38
13.19
13.33
12.23
14.55
13.24
12.20
11.51
13.14
13.35
12.16
14.55
13.25
12.25
11.29
450.15
478.15
389.07
542.73
412.79
399.85
337.27
459.95
488.44
401.72
550.17
440.23
406.36
348.23
482.75
507.87
423.16
567.45
462.08
427.00
370.62
470.41
497.96
421.95
549.99
445.20
427.53
361.28
9.70
9.72
9.83
9.84
390.91
395.60
401.06
401.47
402.87
10.29
10.30
10.38
10.39
10.39 421.89
426.42
430.77
430.15
432.22
8.36
11.08
8.66
9.09
6.42
8.26
8.47
7.34
6.72
9.92
5.91
7.41
7.42
7.13
8.33
10.98
8.60
9.01
6.51
8.25
8.46
7.40
6.81
9.82
5.92
7.54
7.55
7.16
8.29
10.62
8.48
8.87
6.58
8.22
8.32
7.67
6.80
9.64
5.99
7.81
7.82
7.22
8.32
10.60
8.49
8.87
6.61
8.30
8.49
7.62
6.82
9.71
6.05
7.79
7.75
7.21
8.28
332.02
275.98
270.82
422.59
221.03
265.28
270.09
281.64
333.20
432.61
356.04
374.82
266.26
332.48
340.94
286.38
276.49
424.22
227.92
275.96
281.62
284.97
331.60
412.06
351.92
368.99
271.75
328.80
327.81
306.03
280.16
400.06
226.42
293.66
289.34
287.36
336.13
424.00
355.73
373.43
271.67
336.15
337.90
301.75
279.62
424.33
231.11
289.01
286.75
292.01
336.17
Softwood veneer and plywood ..
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259
7.31
6.72
6.26
7.32
6.83
7.12
8.27
7.87
8.73
7.65
7.35
6.79
6.33
7.40
6.75
7.20
8.27
7.90
8.72
7.72
7.57
7.00
6.49
7.67
7.06
7.43
8.53
7.98
9.06
8.13
7.56
7.01
6.49
7.70
7.09
7.37
8.45
8.06
9.15
8.01
7.57
284.36
257.38
242.26
274.50
272.52
269.85
332.45
301.42
349.20
308.30
288.12
263.45
246.24
279.72
277.43
276.48
331.63
308.89
352.29
303.40
299.77 297.11
277.20 275.49
258.95 255.71
301.43 I 301.07
284.52 292.11
286.06 | 280.06
334.38 326.17
317.60 321.59
366.93 365.09
310.57 304.38
299.77
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown ..
32
321
322
9.94
13.94
10.85
9.93
14.06
10.90
10.18
14.46
11.29
10.16
14.39
11.21
10.17 403.56
610.57
447.02
412.10
625.67
454.53
424.51
659.38
478.70
424.69
657.62
466.34
428.16
General building contractors
Residential building construction...
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors ..
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood ..
9.85
328.55
427.69
353.33
374.51
252.31
I 326.27
See footnotes at end of table.
115
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1972
SIC
Code
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
5.6
3.4
3.0
4.9
3.8
3.0
4.6
5.5
4.9
3.6
3.8
2.1
4.7
5.8
3.4
3.1
3.7
3.7
2.9
5.6
6.7
5.5
4.9
3.9
2.3
4.8
5.0
3.2
3.6
4.5
4.0
2.6
5.2
6.3
5.6
4.1
4.1
3.0
5.2
5.4
3.3
4.1
3.9
3.9
2.8
5.4
6.2
5.4
4.8
4.6
3.2
5.9
Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products ..
Concrete block and brick .,
Concrete products, nee .
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products ...
Abrasive products ...
Asbestos products ..
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
41.5
40.8
41.8
42.2
41.3
40.1
39.3
41.3
40.7
36.3
41.5
39.2
43.7
42.0
41.3
41.6
41.4
41.5
40.3
41.5
43.3
42.5
39.0
41.7
39.9
43.5
43.9
40.7
41.7
42.4
41.6
39.8
41.6
43.3
43.1
39.4
41.5
40.7
44.3
42.3
40.8
42.3
41.9
41.6
40.3
42.2
43.3
42.9
40.4
41.3
40.6
44.2
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ..
Blast furnaces and steel mills ...
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries ..
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals ..
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating ..
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries ..
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361
42.1
41.9
41.7
43.6
41.4
41.3
40.8
41.0
41.4
41.2
42.9
42.6
44.0
42.4
41.8
42.2
42.1
41.8
41-5
43.3
41.4
41.5
40.5
40.8
41.8
41.9
43.2
43.0
44.1
42.6
42.0
42.4
42.6
42.3
42.3
43.2
42.7
42.5
41.5
41.9
43.3
43.8
43.4
43.4
43.6
43.9
41.9
42.5
42.8
42.5
42.5
42.8
42.9
42.7
42.4
41.7
43.1
43.9
43.5
43.4
44.3
43.3
41.7
42.2
42.8
42.4
4.2
3.9
3.9
4.6
4.0
4.3
2.7
3.2
3.6
3.5
5.5
4.7
7.1
5.3
3.7
4.0
4.2
3.6
3.5
4.3
4.0
4.6
3.1
2.9
3.4
3.4
5.5
5.3
7.1
4.9
3.8
4.2
4.5
4.0
4.1
4.5
4.7
5.2
3.5
3.4
4.4
4.3
5.3
5.5
6.4
5.2
3.8
4.2
4.6
4.4
4.4
4.3
4.8
5.4
3.1
3.6
4.3
4.4
5.3
6.0
6.9
5.0
3.7
4.0
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products
34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
41.0
42.1
42.3
40.5
40.0
40.4
39.7
41.5
37.7
40.0
40.7
38.7
41.2
39.9
39.2
42.8
41.4
44.1
43.2
42.4
44.9
41.4
40.9
40.3
42.1
41.2
40.0
40.2
39.9
40.2
41.4
43.4
43.6
41.3
40.6
41.4
40.0
41.5
38.3
40.3
41.0
39.4
41.3
39.6
40.2
43.0
41.7
44.3
43.1
42.2
44.9
41.2
40.8
40.5
41.5
41.6
40.4
40.6
40.1
40.8
41.4
42.7
42.7
41.3
41.2
41.4
40.7
41.2
39.5
40.5
41.6
38.9
41.4
40.8
39.5
42.6
41.1
44.1
43.0
41.5
44.3
41.8
40.5
40.1
41.3
41.1
40.8
41.0
40.7
40.9
41.3
42.8
42.7
41.4
41.4
41.3
40.3
41.3
38.6
40.1
41.3
38.4
41.6
39.8
39.4
42.8
41.3
44.2
43.1
42.1
44.8
41.3
40.7
40.6
41.0
41.0
40.1
41.1
41.0
40.9
41.5
3.4
5.5
5.7
2.6
1.9
3.0
2.2
3.1
1.0
2.7
3.2
2.2
3.2
2.5
3.2
4.8
3.6
6.0
4.8
3.7
6.2
3.5
3.5
3.2
4.0
2.7
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.3
3.5
5.0
5.1
2.8
2.0
3.2
2.2
2.9
1.1
2.8
3.1
2.4
3.1
2.5
3.5
4.8
3.8
5.8
4.9
3.6
6.3
3.6
3.6
3.3
4.3
2.8
2.1
2.8
2.9
2.8
3.5
5.2
5.2
3.1
2.7
3.4
2.8
2.6
2.1
2.9
3.3
2.3
3.5
2.9
3.0
4.6
3.5
5.7
4.8
3.2
5.9
3.9
3.0
2.8
3.4
2.9
2.7
3.0
2.7
3.0
3.6
5.3
5.3 j
3.2
2.9
3.5
2.6
2.6
1.9
2.7
2.8
2.0
3.9
2.4
2.8
4.7
3.6
5.8
5.1
3.7
6.4
3.9
3.3
3.2
3.4
2.9
2.3
3.2
3.0
3.3
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
41.5
41.7
39.7
42.5
41.4
41.2
41.8
42.5
40.3
43.3
41.6
41.4
42.0
42.8
39.5
44.0
41.8
41.7
42.0
42.6
40.2
43.5
42.2
42.4
42.1
3.4
4.3
3.6
4.6
3.2
2.9
3.5
4.6
3.7
4.9
3.1
2.9
3.7
5.9
3.6
6.8
3.1
3.3
3.7
5.9
3.8
6.6
3.5
3.8
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets .
Internal combustion engines, nee ....
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
See footnotes at end of table.
116
Mar.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee ..
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products ..
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee ..
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products...
Abrasive products
Asbestos products ..
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products .. „
Blast furnaces and steel mills ...
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries ..
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals ..
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating ..
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries
1972
SIC
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361
34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
3451
Screw machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
,..,
347
Metal services, nee
3471
Plating and polishing
3479
Metal coating and allied services
348
Ordnance and accessories, nee
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets .
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
$466.05
424.32
372.86
566.32
335.77
346.46
374.14
346.09
347.17
382.24
419.98
374.75
440.50
$474.60
429.93
369.82
550.21
338.23
347.79
395.50
365.89
362.95
408.33
421.59
384.64
441.09
$514.95
436.71
370.30
579.18
349.86
354.22
406.02
379.31
374.97
418.43
431.60
392.35
458.51
$491.10
437.38
374.36
567.33
350.69
358.67
412.29
377.58
372.37
430.26
430.76
394.23
458.35
11.89 $11.91 503.52
13.70 13.69 578.64
604.65
14.39
476.11
10.92
442.98
10.78
462.56
11.25
454.10
11.57
402.21
10.11
572.15
12.96
589.16
13.42
480.05
11.29
432.39
10.51
619.08
13.85
457.92
11.14
397.52
9.60
413.98
9.88
504.78
576.84
602.58
465.48
445.46
467.29
459.68
401.88
582.27
606.29
486.86
443.76
629.75
458.38
399.00
415.52
505.24
578.24
607.85
474.34
460.31
478.55
471.03
422.77
567.23
592.18
489.12
453.96
601.24
487.73
403.50
421.18
508.89
582.25
611.58
467.38
462.46
480.38
490.57
421.59
558.58
589.14
491.12
456.13
613.56
482.36
400.32
416.94
$509.75
580.46
409.03
581.13
618.25
405.15
360.53
426.42
354.40
355.24
332.83
367.13
386.63
299.83
417.54
375.80
345.32
402.05
364.46
439.90
512.89
525.39
623.21
368.74
321.10
313.47
337.40
443.46
411.68
365.81
392.98
328.85
413.17
569.62
604.21
406.81
368.33
427.25
369.96
356.38
358.66
372.20
399.78
305.75
423.11
385.97
332.99
408.96
367.85
449.82
516.86
515.43
622.42
386.65
319.55
315.59
327.92
444.29
428.40
380.07
398.86
343.56
412.17
567.53
600.79
408.62
372.60
427.04
368.34
360.96
351.26
366.92
394.83
297.60
425.98
374.52
330.17
413.45
370.87
454.82
517.20
524.99
626.75
379.13
321.94
319.93
326.77
443.62
415.44
382.23
405.90
341.11
414.59
442.24
556.33
515.44
571.56
416.83
454.16
445.62
570.52
499.28
596.64
374.95
398.24
447.30
571.27
510.14
593.78
405.96
443.93
450.05
$11.23 $11.30 $11.73 $11.61
10.73 10.72
10.40 10.41
8.85
8.88
8.89
8.92
13.42 13.29 13.66 13.54
8.43
8.41
8.15
8.13
8.90
8.90
8.63
8.64
9.77
9.76
9.53
9.52
8.72
8.76
8.38
8.45
8.70
8.68
8.54
8.53
10.62 10.65
10.53 10.47
10.40
10.11
10.12
10.43
9.64
9.64
9.56
9.71
10.35 10.37
10.14
10.08
11.96
13.8*1
14.5$
10.92
10.70
11.20
11.13
9.81
13.82
14.30
11.19
10.15
14.07
10.80
9.51
9.81
11.99
13.80
14.52
10.75
10.76
11.26
11.35
9.85
13.93
14.47
11.27
10.32
14.28
10.76
9.50
9.80
11.86
13.67
14.37
10.98
10.78
11.26
11.35
10.09
13.10
13.52
11.27
10.46
13.79
11.11
9.63
9.91
Mar.
1987P
9.85
9.88
9.98
9.98
9.99 403.85
13.19
13.95
9.82
13.39
14.18
9.81
8.88
10.30
8.86
8.56
8.69
9.11
9.43
7.61
10.11
9.49
8.59
9.35
8.74
9.93
11.90
12.45
13.88
8.95
7.87
7.74
13.34
14.15
9.85
8.94
13.26
14.07
8.13
7.94
10.81
555.30
590.09
397.71
357.20
416.52
351.74
356.49
324.97
363.20
381.77
295.67
413.24
376.66
335.55
400.18
360.59
438.35
511.92
523.64
619.17
370.53
322.29
310.31
347.33
435.07
405.20
362.20
389.82
324.41
8.93
10.31
8.86
8.59
8.62
9.08
9.38
7.64
10.03
9.44
8.56
9.35
8.71
9.94
11.85
12.35
13.79
8.95
7.88
7.70
8.25
10.56
10.13
9.01
10.32
9.09
8.65
9.08
9.19
9.61
7.86
10.22
9.46
8.43
9.60
8.95
10.20
12.02
12.42
14.05
9.25
7.89
7.87
9.77
10.66
10.19
9.01
9.80
8.07
8.06
8.40
10.53
12.99
12.72
13.09
9.98
10.94
10.58
13.09
12.79
13.20
10.02
10.97
10.61
13.33
12.64
13.56
10.50
9.27
9.80
8.97
9.55
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987P
9.87
9.00
10.34
9.14
8.74
9.10
9.15
9.56
7.75
10.24
9.41
8.38
9.66
8.98
10.29
12.00
12.47
13.99
9.18
7.91
7.88
7.97
10.82
10.36
9.30
9.90
8.34
10.65
13.41
12.69
13.65
9.62
10.47
10.69 437.00
541.68
504.98
556.33
413.17
450.73
Feb.
1987P
See footnotes at end of table.
117
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery ..
Construction machinery
Mining machinery ....
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment..
Industrial trucks and tractors . ...
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types ..
Machine tools, metal forming types ...
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures ..
Machine tool accessories ..
Power driven hand tools ...
Special industry machinery ..
Food products machinery ..
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment ..
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors .
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears ..
Power transmission equipment, nee ..
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment..
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee ..
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers .
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers ..
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment ..
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices..
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment..
Radio and TV receiving sets ..
.
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories .
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices ..
Electronic components nee
Misc electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
See footnotes at end of table.
118
1972
SIC
Code
Average} overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599
41.3
42.6
40.4
40.8
41.9
39.5
42.5
42.7
42.5
43.8
40.5
39.3
41.4
41.7
41.2
40.5
41.4
41.0
43.0
41.2
40.5
42.3
40.8
41.9
41.7
40.0
40.3
40.9
41.6
40.8
41.6
42.9
41.0
40.6
42.0
39.7
42.7
42.9
42.5
43.8
41.0
40.3
41.8
41.7
41.83
40.7C
41.71
41.9
42.9
41.5
41.1
42.2
41.3
42.3
42.1
41.0
41.4
41.2
42.2
41.1
41.5
42.5
41.6
40.3
41.5
40.8
42.6
41.8
41.2
43.6
41.2
42.4
42.2
42.6
43.6
41.5
42.0
42.4
43.1
41.5
41.1
43.5
41.4
42.5
42.8
41.1
41.6
41.5
42.5
41.4
41.8
43.0
41.3
41.4
42.3
39.7
42.4
42.3
41.7
43.1
41.2
41.1
41.7
42.2
43.3
40.3
41.7
42.1
42.6
41.4
40.4
43.8
41.7
42.9
42.8
41.5
41.8
41.7
42.3
41.6
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
40.6
41.1
43.0
39.5
40.4
40.7
39.4
39.7
39.7
40.6
38.8
40.1
40.4
40.7
39.8
37.9
40.1
39.9
41.2
40.7
41.4
40.9
43.5
40.5
41.0
40.3
39.8
41.5
41.1
41.3
42.8
40.0
41.0
41.5
39.9
40.1
40.3
40.2
39.7
40.4
39.6
40.8
40.2
39.3
41.7
41.8
41.6
41.3
41.7
41.2
44.1
40.7
41.4
40.6
39.8
41.8
41.1
40.7
41.5
39.9
40.7
41.0
39.1
40.8
40.7
41.9
39.9
40.3
39.6
40.3
41.1
39.6
41.2
41.5
41.9
41.7
42.0
41.1
44.7
41.1
40.9
41.5
40.6
42.5
41.0
40.1
40.7
39.6
40.9
41.3
39.1
40.1
40.3
42.4
40.3
40.3
39.3
40.6
42.1
38.7
40.5
41.0
41.8
41.6
41.9
40.9
43.9
40.6
41.1
41.5
41.1
42.3
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
I
40.9
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
2.8
2.7
2.4
3.0
3.8
2.8
4.8
4.2
4.9
6.0
3.4
2.1
3.3
3.0
2.8
3.2
3.2
2.7
4.9
2.7
2.2
3.5
3.5
2.5
2.4
2.5
2.8
3.7
4.4
3.6
2.7
2.4
2.8
2.2
4.0
2.9
4.9
4.1
4.7
6.1
3.7
2.2
3.7
2.9
3.6
3.8
3.1
2.6
4.6
2.6
2.3
3.3
3.9
2.8
2.6
2.7
3.1
3.8
4.6
3.6
3.0
2.6
3.1
4.3
3.2
2.5
4.6
3.7
3.9
5.7
3.4
3.1
3.9
3.5
4.5
4.4
3.4
3.1
4.7
2.9
3.1
4.3
3.6
2.7
2.8
3.0
3.3
3.7
3.6
3.7
3.1
2.5
3.4
4.9
3.7
2.1
4.5
3.8
4.0
5.5
3.3
2.9
3.5
3.4
4.6
3.5
3.3
3.1
4.5
2.9
2.1
4.0
3.8
3.1
3.0
3.4
3.5
3.9
4.2
3.9
2.7
2.7
3.0
2.4
2.5
2.8
1.8
2.6
3.2
2.2
1.7
2.6
2.7
2.4
1.8
1.5
3.2
3.1
2.6
1.9
2.8
2.9
3.1
2.9
2.9
2.9
2.0
4.1
2.8
2.7
2.9
2.4
2.9
3.3
2.4
2.5
3.6
1.6
1.6
2.7
2.7
2.5
2.2
1.8
3.8
3.6
2.6
1.8
2.9
3.0
3.3
3.2
3.0
3.0
1.7
4.3
2.8
2.3
2.4
2.3
2.8
3.4
1.1
3.0
3.6
1.8
2.5
2.7
2.7
2.5
2.8
1.8
2.2
1.9
2.5
2.2
2.6
3.2
4.1
3.4
3.1
3.5
2.5
4.6
2.8
2.2
2.1
2.4
3.0
3.7
1.3
2.7
2.7
3.4
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.7
2.8
1.6
2.1
2.0
2.7
2.2
2.8
3.0
3.4
3.3
3.1
3.6
2.2
4.6
Mar.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
SIC
oode
Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves ...
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ...
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators ..
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories ...
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies ....
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
Average» weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
1972
Industry
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
$11.13 $11.15 $10.97 $11.17
12.25 12.26 12.03 12.41
11.38 11.43 11.31 11.48
11.21 11.24 11.27 11.32
9.92
10.10 10.25
9.86
9.73
9.81
9.72
9.70
10.96 10.97 11.08 11.10
10.89 10.91 11.13 11.08
11.50 11.48 11.36 11.28
11.67 11.67 11.76 11.79
9.97 10.00
9.84
9.86
8.54
8.67
8.52
8.56
10.38 10.44 10.53 10.47
10.61 10.61 10.71 10.60
8.62
8.63
8.21
8.31
10.83 10.98 11.22 11.18
10.25 10.26 10.32 10.36
10.89 10.86 11.03 11.03
10.78 10.79 10.80 10.80
10.06
9.97 10.40 10.51
9.28
9.00
9.11
9.20
10.61 10.60 10.20 10.20
10.26 10.31 10.48 10.59
9.78
9.91 10.11 10.06
9.89 10.07 10.05
9.76
10.23 10.29 10.43 10.43
10.55 10.61 10.66 10.66
10.18 10.21 10.29 10.27
12.83 12.83 12.51 12.59
9.91
9.94
9.76
9.79
$459.67
521.85
459.75
457.37
423.19
383.94
465.80
465.00
488.75
511.15
398.52
334.84
429.73
442.44
338.25
438.62
424.35
446.49
463.54
414.47
364.50
448.80
418.61
409.78
406.99
409.20
425.17
416.36
533.73
398.21
$463.84
525.95
468.63
456.34
430.50
385.09
468.42
468.04
487.90
511.15
404.26
344.97
436.39
442.44
347.36
446.89
427.84
455.03
462.89
413.76
374.42
447.32
425.80
419.19
416.37
421.89
439.25
420.65
541.43
402.37
$455.26
511.28
470.50
454.18
411.68
400.25
472.01
465.23
468.03
512.74
410.76
362.10
444.37
456.25
375.83
465.63
433.44
467.67
465.48
431.60
381.41
443.70
433.87
429.68
431.00
428.67
443.46
427.04
531.68
411.52
$466.91
533.63
474.12
468.65
417.08
386.28
470.64
468.68
470.38
508.15
412.00
356.34
436.60
447.32
373.68
450.55
432.01
464.36
460.08
435.11
371.68
446.76
441.60
431.57
430.14
432.85
445.59
428.26
532.56
412.26
9.85
9.16
9.06
9.25
9.62
9.63
9.25
9.68
10.98
11.57
7.31
9.08
10.07
8.61
9.41
6.67
9.54
9.93
11.65
11.10
11.84
8.90
10.74
10.64
8.10
10.47
10.88
11.04
$9.86 389.76
_
365.38
377.54
355.11
389.46
389.09
368.78
376.75
422.81
450.25
280.52
351.28
397.54
336.18
362.18
244.83
382.15
398.60
465.15
440.37
474.44
348.47
469.80
396.09
323.90
421.14
432.63
461.07
395.38
368.40
376.64
360.80
397.29
400.06
375.86
382.15
436.45
447.43
287.43
355.12
389.66
337.82
367.83
254.66
401.57
420.09
468.83
449.76
475.38
353.08
474.52
407.41
325.82
425.49
427.45
470.25
405.25
372.00
375.99
368.28
392.35
396.06
363.24
396.17
452.18
482.27
291.67
363.91
399.17
342.95
384.29
262.55
391.81
409.19
486.46
462.87
494.76
367.02
483.21
436.48
332.93
438.66
438.48
480.25
403.85 $403.2"
_
367.32
368.74
366.30
393.46
397.72
361.68
388.17
442.49
490.57
294.59
365.92
395.75
349.57
396.16
258.13
386.37
407.13
486.97
461.76
496.10
364.01
471.49
431.98
332.91
434.51
447.17
466.99
Feb.
1986
9.60
8.89
8.78
8.99
9.64
9.56
9.36
9.49
10.65
11.09
7.23
8.76
9.84
8.26
9.10
6.46
9.53
9.99
11.29
10.82
11.46
8.52
10.80
9.78
7.90
10.45
10.87
11.11
Mar.
1986
9.62
8.92
8.80
9.02
9.69
9.64
9.42
9.53
10.83
11.13
7.24
8.79
9.84
8.28
9.15
6.48
9.63
10.05
11.27
10.89
11.40
8.57
10.76
10.01
7.87
10.48
10.74
11.25
Jan.
1987
9.86
9.14
9.06
9.23
9.64
9.66
9.29
9.71
11.11
11.51
7.31
9.03
10.08
8.51
9.35
6.63
9.51
9.86
11.61
11.10
11.78
8.93
10.81
10.62
8.14
10.57
10.80
11.30
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
See footnotes at end of table.
119
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1972
SIC
Code
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts.
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
37
371
Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments ..
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity . ....
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies ...
Watches, clocks, and watchcases
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ....
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products ....
Cookies and crackers
See footnotes at end of table.
120
42.4
42.9
42.4
40.3
44.0
39.2
42.7
41.8
42.6
44.1
39.6
39.7
39.4
40.6
42.1
43.0
40.9
37.7
42.8
43.4
43.6
40.8
43.8
39.6
43.0
42.2
42.6
44.5
40.3
40.5
39.7
40.2
42.5
43.0*
41.0:
38.4
42.5
43.2
43.1
42.3
43.7
40.5
42.3
41.8
43.0
42.4
40.3
40.2
40.7
40.7
42.6
43.1
41.3
40.6
42.5
43.0
42.7
42.4
43.6
40.2
43.0
42.6
43.4
43.2
40.0
39.8
40.3
40.3
42.5
42.4
40.6
38.4
42.8
43.3
4.6
5.1
5.1
3.5
5.6
1.9
4.4
3.5
5.0
5.4
3.1
3.3
2.3
2.4
4.8
5.4
2.8
1.8
4.6
5.0
5.2
3.4
5.3
2.0
4.8
4.1
4.9
5.6
3.1
3.4
2.4
2.0
4.2
4.6
3.4
2.3
4.4
4.8
4.8
4.7
5.0
2.2
4.5
3.9
5.1
5.1
3.0
2.9
3.3
1.7
4.0
4.1
4.7
3.9
4.4
4.7
4.7
4.8
5.0
1.7
4.9
4.4
5.4
5.3
2.6
2.4
3.0
1.8
4.1
4.2
3.7
1.8
41.4
42.6
41.4
40.6
41.7
41.7
41.9
41.3
41.6
41.1
39.3
42.1
39.7
41.2
42.1
40.9
40.8
41.3
40.3
41.1
40.6
41.1
40.2
40.5
43.8
38.4
41.2
41.6
41.1
40.8
42.3
40.1
42.1
40.3
41.0
39.7
40.1
43.7
38.4
41.4
3841
3842
385
386
387
41.0
42.4
40.8
39.7
40.7
41.2
41.3
40.7
40.9
40.5
39.1
42.2
38.6
2.6
3.4
2.1
2.0
2.6
1.9
3.3
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.0
3.0
1.3
2.8
3.5
2.5
2.6
3.1
2.3
3.2
3.0
3.1
3.0
2.0
3.1
1.9
2.8
3.2
2.5
3.3
2.3
2.1
2.7
2.8
3.0
2.6
2.6
3.9
.8
2.8
3.1
2.5
3.3
2.8
2.1
3.7
2.8
3.0
2.5
2.7
3.6
.9
39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
39.3
37.7
36.6
38.9
39.5
38.9
40.0
39.4
39.4
39.1
39.7
39.9
39.9
38.6
37.6
40.3
40.3
39.3
41.1
39.9
40.2
40.0
39.9
40.3
39.5
38.8
37.0
41.4
39.8
38.9
40.4
39.8
37.6
36.8
39.9
39.8
39.2
37.8
36.2
41.4
39.3
38.8
39.6
40.0
37.6
36.7
39.9
39.6
39.5
2.3
1.8
1.3
1.9
2.2
2.1
2.3
1.9
2.3
1.9
2.6
2.5
2.4
2.0
1.6
2.9
2.5
2.0
2.8
1.7
2.6
2.3
2.5
2.6
2.4
2.3
1.5
2.8
2.2
2.0
2.3
1.5
3.2
3.7
2.4
2.4
2.4
1.5
1.1
3.5
2.2
2.0
2.4
1.7
3.3
3.9
2.5
2.3
39.2
39.0
37.6
38.9
38.7
35.8
40.9
38.9
42.0
38.2
37.7
38.4
36.3
42.8
43.8
42.3
39.0
38.4
40.7
39.7
39.4
38.2
39.4
39.7
36.8
41.1
39.3
42.1
38.7
37.8
38.9
37.4
42.9
43.5
42.5
39.4
38.7
41.2
40.0
39.8
39.8
43.3
39.4
37.1
40.5
38.7
41.6
39.0
42.2
38.5
38.1
44.1
46.8
43.3
38.5
37.6
40.8
39.9
39.3
37.7
39.3
39.0
35.9
41.0
38.8
42.4
38.8
39.1
39.0
37.7
43.3
47.6
42.1
39.3
38.4
41.6
40.0
39.5
3.0
3.3
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.6
3.9
3.4
4.6
2.7
4.4
2.6
2.1
5.2
4.6
4.8
3.3
3.3
3.1
3.1
3.3
2.7
2.9
3.1
2.5
4.0
3.4
4.6
2.6
3.5
2.8
2.0
5.0
3.9
5.1
3.3
3.4
2.8
3.4
3.6
3.8
5.7
3.1
2.7
3.7
3.2
4.3
3.1
6.0
2.4
3.4
5.6
6.0
5.9
3.1
3.1
3.3
3.3
3.4
2.7
3.2
2.7
2.5
4.2
3.7
4.7
3.0
3.6
2.8
3.1
5.5
6.7
5.1
3.4
3.5
3.2
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
3.4
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1972
SIC
Code
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
$552.12
592.84
658.80
443.90
570.71
377.39
551.26
$551.65
590.54
658.14
494.49
564.60
382.73
548.63
$550.38 $554.26
584.80 589.31
646.91
494.81
560.70
375.87
561.15
550.82
525.55
425.17
464.94
321.57
508.13
514.25
533.63
421.48
334.85
566.31
499.90
427.18
467.53
332.11
504.68
528.24
547.37
448.11
382.86
570.28
516.24
419.60
460.49
323.21
499.72
525.73
538.06
435.64
356.35
Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts ..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays
39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
$12.87 $12.90 $12.98 $12.95 $12.95 $545.69
13.66
13.59
13.67 13.60 13.61 583.01
15.11
14.97
634.73
15.27 15.15
10.88
10.84
436.85
11.69 11.67
13.03
13.03
573.32
12.92 12.86
9.53
9.45
370.44
9.35
9.45
12.82
12.79
546.13
12.97 13.05
(2)
(2)
(2)
O
549.97
$12.91 $12.93 $13.17 $13.14
518.18
11.75
11.81 11.79 11.95
419.36
10.59
10.55 10.60 10.49
457.34
11.52
11.48 11.63 11.57
317.96
8.02
8.16
8.07
8.10
520.09
12.40
12.40
12.81
12.64
514.46
12.37
12.40
12.22
12.10
536.21
12.69
12.70
12.47
12.41
423.32
10.73
10.85
10.35
10.28
334.40
9.28
9.43
8.87
8.72
9.39
10.07
9.11
8.69
9.32
9.29
9.41
9.62
10.13
10.47
9.49
9.60 384.99
426.97
371.69
344.99
379.32
382.75
429.93
341.88
349.29
336.15
278.78
527.50
269.04
389.57
431.54
380.05
355.66
395.32
385.73
433.67
346.92
355.68
340.31
284.53
523.72
275.92
396.34
440.79
388.14
359.86
392.35
391.31
438.13
349.57
360.04
340.09
296.87
559.76
273.79
397.58
440.13
389.22
357.41
402.27
386.56
454.26
347.39
355.47
340.63
287.92
565.92
274.56
397.44
10.41
8.40
8.54
8.30
7.13
12.50
10.35
8.40
8.55
8.28
7.24
12.44
8.76
8.46
7.33
12.78
6.97
6.95
7.13
9.65
10.58
9.47
8.76
9.51
9.64
10.79
8.62
8.67
8.58
7.18
12.95
7.15
7.50
8.05
8.06
7.14
6.79
6.79
6.79
7.67
6.10
5.58
8.24
8.64
7.51
8.09
8.11
7.16
6.90
6.90
6.89
7.74
6.07
5.50
8.19
8.53
7.70
8.14
8.23
7.30
7.07
7.10
7.06
7.82
6.28
5.58
8.49
8.88
7.69
8.22
8.35
7.40
7.04
7.02
7.06
7.81
6.25
5.60
8.49
8.89
7.67 294.75
303.49
295.00
277.75
268.21
264.13
271.60
302.20
240.34
218.18
327.13
344.74
299.65
312.27
304.94
288.55
278.07
271.17
283.18
308.83
244.01
220.00
326.78
343.76
304.15
315.83
304.51
302.22
281.39
276.19
285.22
311.24
236.13
205.34
338.75
353.42
301.45
310.72
302.27
306.36
276.67
272.38
279.58
312.40
235.00
205.52
338.75
352.04
302.97
8.86
8.71
7.21
8.07
8.69
5.85
9.41
8.69
9.83
8.08
9.84
8.09
7.46
10.54
10.03
7.94
9.74
9.68
9.88
8.88
8.74
7.26
8.13
8.80
5.89
9.40
8.76
9.78
8.11
9.90
8.13
7.54
10.56
10.00
8.03
9.78
9.71
9.94
9.06
8.89
7.40
8.43
8.59
6.06
9.52
8.83
9.84
8.46
10.76
8.36
7.64
9.06
8.91
7.35
8.36
8.60
6.06
9.58
8.90
9.90
8.41
10.93
8.26
7.68
10.76
10.54
8.25
9.94
9.86
10.11
9.09 347.31
8.94 339.69
271.10
313.92
336.30
209.43
384.87
338.04
412.86
308.66
370.97
310.66
270.80
451.11
439.31
335.86
379.86
371.71
402.12
352.54
344.36
277.33
320.32
349.36
216.75
386.34
344.27
411.74
313.86
374.22
316.26
282.00
453.02
435.00
341.28
385.33
375.78
409.53
362.40
353.82
294.52
365.02
338.45
224.83
385.56
341.72
409.34
329.94
454.07
321.86
291.08
473.63
492.80
358.96
383.08
371.49
411.67
361.49
350.16
277.10
328.55
335.40
217.55
392.78
345.32
419.76
326.31
427.36
322.14
289.54
465.91
501.70
347.33
390.64
378.62
420.58
363.60
353.13
9.18
8.76
9.48
9.25
8.82
9.50
9.71
10.66
8.61
10.74
10.53
8.29
9.95
9.88
10.09
See footnotes at end of table.
121
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
1972
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Average overtime hours
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
3.2
6.7
1.9
5.2
3.6
5.7
3.0
3.5
2.5
4.2
1.9
5.0
3.6
5.4
3.3
3.6
3.4
6.1
2.1
4.9
3.1
4.7
2.5
3.2
3.3
5.8
2.3
4.6
3.0
4.3
2.5
3.6
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209
39.3
44.3
37.4
43.0
39.8
41.4
39.0
37.7
39.6
41.3
38.8
43.1
40.6
42.7
39.6
38.1
40.8
43.2
39.4
42.7
39.8
42.9
39.1
37.5
40.4
41.8
39.5
41.5
39.8
42.6
39.2
38.6
Tobacco manufactures ...
Cigarettes
21
211
36.6
36.1
37.5
37.3
37.4
37.3
36.5
36.9
39.2
.9
.7
1.3
1.2
.8
.8
Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool .
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks .
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
40.2
40.6
39.5
41.3
40.4
38.6
38.0
37.3
38.0
37.1
41.4
40.6
41.3
40.3
39.9
41.5
42.1
39.1
43.3
40.6
40.5
40.0
41.7
41.2
39.4
39.1
38.5
38.1
38.7
42.3
41.9
42.8
40.5
40.9
41.5
42.2
38.0
42.9
41.6
42.7
41.8
43.6
40.7
39.5
39.3
37.3
38.6
39.5
43.2
41.8
41.3
41.4
43.2
42.5
43.8
37.5
44.0
41.8
42.8
42.0
42.8
40.9
39.9
39.7
39.0
38.3
40.3
43.3
42.1
41.5
42.2
43.6
42.5
43.6
37.6
43.9
41.9
3.5
4.2
3.0
3.4
2.7
2.6
2.5
2.2
2.3
1.4
4.8
4.1
4.3
4.1
3.9
4.2
4.7
3.3
4.3
3.7
4.3
3.1
4.0
3.0
3.0
3.1
2.5
2.5
2.1
5.2
4.7
5.2
4.2
3.5
4.3
4.7
3.0
4.3
4.3
5.5
4.3
4.9
3.1
3.2
3.2
2.2
2.9
2.5
5.3
4.2
4.2
4.1
4.5
5.0
5.7
3.2
4.8
4.4
5.8
4.5
3.9
3.5
3.3
3.0
2.7
2.9
3.1
5.2
4.2
4.0
4.5
4.8
5.0
5.5
3.3
5.0
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
,
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
35.8
34.1
36.1
36.4
35.7
34.6
34.5
34.4
34.0
33.8
34.9
36.4
36.9
34.4
37.0
35.7
35.6
38.2
36.2
37.0
40.7
36.5
35.2
37.2
37.7
36.0
36.2
35.1
34.3
34.7
34.2
35.7
36.8
37.1
35.7
36.4
35.0
37.1
38.9
36.5
37.5
41.7
36.8
35.9
37.1
37.2
36.9
36.7
35.9
35.8
35.1
34.4
36.6
36.2
36.6
34.3
37.1
37.0
37.1
38.8
37.9
37.8
41.3
37.1
35.8
37.2
37.7
36.6
37.1
36.2
36.1
35.4
34.5
37.1
36.7
37.1
34.9
36.7
36.4
38.3
39.4
38.1
38.6
42.2
37.0
1.4
.9
1.2
1.5
1.1
1.0
1.4
1.2
1.0
1.1
1.8
1.3
1.3
1.1
1.8
1.5
.8
2.2
.6
1.8
4.3
1.5
.9
1.3
1.6
.8
1.1
1.5
1.3
1.3
1.1
1.9
1.1
1.0
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.0
2.5
.9
1.9
4.9
1.7
1.1
1.4
1.5
1.2
1.4
1.7
1.1
1.6
1.0
2.1
1.0
1.1
.6
1.6
1.7
1.4
3.0
1.1
2.1
6.2
1.8
1.0
1.5
1.8
1.2
1.4
1.9
1.6
1.5
1.4
2.3
1.1
1.2
.7
1.4
1.5
1.9
3.1
1.6
2.4
6.5
Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper..
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes ..
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes .
Sanitary food containers
26
261,2,6
262
263
264
43.0
45.0
45.0
44.4
41.9
43.2
42.3
41.8
42.1
41.8
42.7
42.2
43.3
45.2
45.2
44.8
42.1
43.4
42.4
41.3
42.5
43.2
43.0
41.8
43.5
45.2
45.3
44.3
42.6
45.0
41.6
43.0
42.6
42.6
43.3
42.2
43.1
45.2
45.3
43.9
42.3
44.3
41.6
42.1
41.9
41.6
42.5
41.6
43.1
4.6
6.3
6.4
6.7
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.6
3.7
3.5
4.0
4.1
4.6
6.3
6.4
6.6
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.5
4.0
4.4
4.1
3.9
4.9
6.2
6.4
7.2
3.8
4.3
3.3
4.2
4.2
4.1
4.6
4.1
4.7
6.2
6.4
7.0
3.6
3.9
3.0
3.9
3.9
3.8
4.2
4.1
See footnotes at end of table.
122
229
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654
Mar.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
1972
SIC
Code
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products ..
Fats and oils .. .
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks .
Misc. food and kindred products ..
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan. , Feb.
1987
1987P
$343.88
443.44
283.12
372.81
466.46
675.65
347.88
299.72
$353.23
448.93
299.92
376.69
471.37
677.22
356.00
305.18
$358.63
432.43
296.68
378.75
472.43
705.71
360.50
310.13
Mar.
1987P
$361.18
437.23
300.60
370.60
471.23
688.84
362.60
318.84
$8.75
10.01
7.57
8.67
11.72
16.32
8.92
7.95
$8.92
10.87
7.73
8.74
11.61
15.86
8.99
8.01
$8.79
10.01
7.53
8.87
11.87
16.45
9.22
8.27
$8.94
10.46
7.61
8.93
11.84
16.17
9.25
8.26
13.35 $13.76 453.11
16.02
547.64
478.50
570.32
482.09 ! 487.28
587.85 591.14
$539.39
7.16 274.57
287.45
287.17
298.60
263.00
242.41
236.74
224.55
232.56
217.41
287.32
292.73
295.30
310.31
283.29
266.43
270.70
251.80
335.58
278.52
287.55
292.00
303.16
268.62
249.80
247.11
231.77
237.74
227.94
292.29
302.10
308.59
309.83
287.94
267.26
271.35
245.48
334.62
296.61
315.13
318.93
333.98
271.88
257.15
249.56
227.90
251.29
244.11
308.45
306.81
305.62
318.37
328.32
284.33
294.34
249.00
361.68
298.03
318.00
322.14
325.71
275.26
259.35
250.51
239.07
248.18
249.05
308.30
309.44
306.69
324.10
330.92
283.90
291.68
251.54
359.10
300.00
Tobacco manufactures ..
Cigarettes .
... 21
... 211
12.38
15.17
12.76
15.29
12.89
15.76
Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool ..
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks ..
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills ...
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool..
....
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics .
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool.........
Throwing and winding mills ..
Miscellaneous textile goods ..
... 22
... 221
222
... 223
... 224
... 225
... 2251
... 2252
...2253
...2254
... 2257
.... 226
2261
2262
... 227
228
... 2281
... 2282
... 229
6.83
7,08
7i23
6.51
6.28
6.23
6.02
6.12
5.86
6.94
7.21
7.15
7.70
7.10
6.42
6.43
6.44
7.75
6.86
7.10
7.30
7.27
6.52
6.34
6.32
6.02
6.24
5.89
6.91
7.21
7.21
7.65
7.04
6.44
6.43
6.46
7.80
7.13
7.38
7.63
7.66
6.68
6.51
6.35
6.11
6.51
6.18
7.14
7.34
7.40
7.69
7.60
6.69
6.72
6.64
8.22
23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
... 2339
... 234
2341
... 2342
... 236
2361
... 238
239
2391
2392
... 2396
5.79
6.67
5.38
5.14
5.28
5.45
5.56
5.15
5.79
6.38
5.36
5.39
5.24
6.11
5.14
4.97
5.60
7.03
5.52
5.92
11.01
5.80
6.67
5.38
5.16
5.31
5.46
5.55
5.12
5.83
6.39
5.34
5.35
5.19
6.06
5.19
5.00
5.63
7.10
5.55
5.91
11.13
5.89
6.73
5.45
5.26
5.31
5.58
5.60
5.07
5.93
6.36
5.44
5.49
5.32
6.34
5.20
5.07
5.74
7.24
5.64
6.05
11.27
5.89
6.74
5.41
5.21
5.33
5.49
5.63
5.07
6.02
6.31
5.44
5.50
5.34
6.32
5.16
5.03
5.70
7.27
5.74
6.07
11.27
5.90 207.28
227.45
194.22
187.10
188.50
188.57
191.82
177.16
196.86
215.64
187.06
196.20
193.36
210.18
190.18
177.43
199.36
268.55
199.82
219.04
448.11
211.70
234.78
200.14
194.53
191.16
197.65
194.81
175.62
202.30
218.54
190.64
196.88
192.55
216.34
188.92
175.00
208.87
276.19
202.58
221.63
464.12
216.75
241.61
202.20
195.67
195.94
204.79
201.04
181.51
208.14
218.78
199.10
198.74
194.71
217.46
192.92
187.59
212.95
280.91
213.76
228.69
465.45
218.52
241.29
201.25
196.42
195.08
203.68
203.81
183.03
213.11
217.70
201.82
201.85
198.11
220.57
189.37
183.09
218.31
286.44
218.69
234.30
475.59
218.30
10.99
13.33
13.42
13.76
9.47
10.84
8.52
8.91
9.44
9.77
9.69
8.98
11.03
13.39
13.48
13.86
9.48
10.84
8.56
9.02
9.51
9.85
9.74
9.06
11.17
13.56
13.63
13.94
9.72
10.73
9.12
9.01
9.59
9.86
9.83
9.25
11.18
13.58
13.65
14.03
9.71
10.75
9.04
9.01
9.59
9.91
9.79
9.37
11.15 472.57
599.85
603.90
610.94
396.79
468.29
360.40
372.44
397.42
| 408.39
413.76
378.96
477.60
605.23
609.30
620.93
399.11
470.46
362.94
372.53
404.18
425.52
418.82
378.71
485.90
612.91
617.44
617.54
414.07
482.85
379.39
387.43
408.53
420.04
425.64
390.35
481.86
613.82
618.35
615.92
410.73
476.23
376.06
379.32
401.82
412.26
416.08
389.79
480.57
Apparel and other textile products ...
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings .,
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work ciothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats ..
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee ...
Women's and children's undergarments ..
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments .
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses ..
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies ..
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper ..
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products ..
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes ..
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes ..
Sanitary food containers ..
. .
26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654
7J27
7.13
7.43
7.67
7.61 i
6.73
6.50
6.31
6.13
6.48
6.18
7.12
7.35
7.39
7.68
7.59
6.68
6.69
6.69
8.18
See footnotes at end of table.
123
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress ..
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
1972
SIC
Code
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279
28
Chemicals and allied products
281
Industrial inorganic chemicals
2819
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
282
Plastics materials and synthetics
2821
Plastics materials and resins
2824
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
283
Drugs
2834
Pharmaceutical preparations
284
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
2841
Soap and other detergents
2844
Toilet preparations
2842,3
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
285
Paints and allied products
286
Industrial organic chemicals
2865
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee . 2861,9
287
Agricultural chemicals ..-.
Miscellaneous chemical products
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
37.9
33.3
39.3
39.5
38.5
41.1
35.9
39.6
39.3
39.5
40.6
37.7
38.2
38.0
2.7
1.6
3.2
3.2
2.6
4.2
2.0
3.1
2.5
3.4
3.3
1.9
3.5
3.0
1.6
3.8
3.8
3.3
4.6
2.1
3.6
2.9
3.8
3.5
1.9
3.4
2.7
1.2
2.7
3.6
3.1
4.5
2.4
3.2
2.9
3.2
3.8
2.1
3.4
2.8
1.4
3.1
3.6
3.1
4.5
2.4
3.4
3.0
3.5
3.0
2.0
3.5
41.7
41.7
42.5
42.0
43.0
41.9
41.3
40.8
40.5
43.8
38.3
40.9
41.2
43.2
42.8
43.3
42.2
41.6
42.0
41.$
42.$
42.2
43.4
41.9
41.6
41.7
41.1
44.3
39.2
41.0
41.9
43.3
42.7
43.5
42.6
41.6
42.3
42.5
43.0
43.3
43.7
43.2
41.9
41.5
40.6
43.1
38.7
41.4
41.0
43.4
42.8
43.6
42.7
41.7
42.0
42.3
42.7
43.0
43.4
42.4
41.5
41.3
40.7
43.5
38.9
41.2
41.0
42.9
41.7
43.3
43.1
41.6
42.0
3.4
3.1
3.2
3.7
4.6
3.2
3.0
2.9
3.0
4.5
2.2
2.7
3.3
4.0
4.5
3.9
4.1
3.6
3.5
3.1
3.2
3.8
4.6
3.3
3.1
3.1
3.0
4.3
2.5
2.4
3.3
4.1
4.0
4.1
4.8
3.6
3.9
3.7
3.7
4.3
4.7
4.1
3.2
3.1
3.3
4.8
2.6
2.9
3.5
4.9
5.0
4.9
4.8
3.2
3.8
3.7
3.8
4.1
4.6
3.5
3.1
3.2
3.2
5.1
2.4
2.8
3.1
4.8
4.8
4.8
5.2
3.2
43.7
44.5
41.9
44.7
45.2
43.8
43.6
43.8
43.4
43.9
4.0
3.9
5.2
4.5
4.5
5.2
4.5
4.2
6.3
4.3
4.0
6.0
41.6
3.7
4.6
1.2
3.8
4.7
1.3
3.9
4.9
2.0
3.7
4.4
1.6
3.5
3.1
3.7
3.5
3.2
3.8
3.1
3.6
3.8
2.8
3.8
3.7
1.1
3.3
1.3
3.6
.9
.9
.8
2.0
1.1
1.7
3.6
1.6
1.5
2.0
.5
1.6
1.7
3.9
1.5
1.2
2.1
.5
1.4
295
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products ...
30
301
302
41.0
42.6
38.1
41.3
42.8
38.6
41.6
43.7
40.0
41.5
43.6
40.1
303,4
306
307
42.6
41.0
40.8
43.1
41.5
41.1
40.9
41.8
41.3
41.0
41.6
41.2
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic ...
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .
31
311
314
36.0
40.8
34.7
34.7
34.2
38.9
36.3
36.3
40.8
35.1
35.5
33.8
39.1
37.3
37.3
40.9
36.9
37.4
37.2
37.1
36.7
37.2
41.6
36.7
37.3
36.4
37.9
37.1
37.5
39.2
39.4
38.7
39.0
39.1
4011
44.3
45.1
43.9
44.4
Local and interurban passenger transit .
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation
41
411
413
34.0
38.5
40.9
34.0
38.5
39.0
33.1
38.0
37.5
33.1
38.0
38.3
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals .
Public warehousing
42
421,3
422
37.4
37.3
37.6
37.9
37.9
37.6
37.5
37.4
38.2
38.1
38.1
38.5
Pipe lines, except natural gas .
46
44.2
43.5
42.0
41.2
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3
See footnotes at end of table.
124
Feb.
1987P
37.7
32.8
38.2
39.7
38.8
41.2
35.7
39.3
38.9
39.2
41.6
37.9
38.0
43.1
43.7
41.7
Transportation and public utilities
Jan.
1987
38.1
33.7
38.7
39.9
39.1
41.2
36.5
39.6
39.1
39.7
40.8
38.6
39.0
29
291
317
Mar.
1986
37.6
33.4
38.0
39.5
38.2
41.5
36.3
38.9
38.4
39.0
40.5
37.7
38.5
Petroleum and coal products .
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials .
3143
3144
316
Feb.
1986
.8
.7
.9
1.6
.6
Mar.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers .
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
1972
SIC
Code
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279
28
Chemicals and allied products
281
Industrial inorganic chemicals
2819
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
282
Plastics materials and synthetics
2821
Plastics materials and resins .
2824
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
283
Drugs
2834
Pharmaceutical preparations
284
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
2841
Soap and other detergents
2844
Toilet preparations
2842,3
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
285
Paints and allied products
286
Industrial organic chemicals
2865
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee . 2861,9
287
Agricultural chemicals
289
Miscellaneous chemical products
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
$9.86
10.01
10.52
8.66
7.97
9.63
8.83
10.16
9.75
10.18
7.72
11.91
$9.90 $10.14 $10.16 $10.17 $370.74
334.33
9.97 10.08 10.10
399.76
10.65 10.88 10.85
342.07
9.26
9.16
8.64
304.45
8.74
8.68
7.93
399.65
9.91
9.69 10.06
320.53
9.15
9.15
8.82
395.22
10.25 10.41 10.48
374.40
9.78 10.12 10.13
402.87
10.52 10.63
10.44
412.29
10.25 10.63 10.48
291.04
8.07
7.97
7.75
458.54
11.85 12.38 12.53
11.81
12.96
1&02
11.95
13.06
11.62
11.00
10.71
10.62
13.63
8.89
9.93
10.29
14.14
14.01
14.18
11.18
11.03
11.78
12.97
13.05
11.98
13.00
11.68
10.97
10.68
10.53
13.68
8.83
9.74
10.34
14.09
13.82
14.18
11.07
11.09
12.17
13.38
13.39
12.24
13.29
11.75
11.32
11.06
10.95
14.07
9.40
10.04
10.82
14.47
14.57
14.44
11.83
11.28
12.20
13.41
13.43
12.31
13.35
11.87
11.42
11.13
10.90
14.11
9.31
10.06
10.78
14.60
14.69
14.58
11.58
11.34
12.26 492.48
10.33
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
540.43
553.35
501.90
561.58
486.88
454.30
436.97
430.11
596.99
340.49
406.14
423.95
610.85
599.63
613.99
471.80
458.85
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
$377.19
335.99
412.16
344.74
310.06
399.23
321.93
405.90
382.40
414.47
418.20
299.15
462.15
$382.28
330.62
415.62
367.62
339.11
414.47
326.66
409.11
393.67
412.38
442.21
305.85
470.44
$385.06 $386.46
336.33
426.41
361.82
334.18
407.30
328.49
415.01
398.11
419.89
425.49
300.47
478.65
494.76
543.44
555.93
505.56
564.20
489.39
456.35
445.36
432.78
606.02
346.14
399.34
433.25
610.10
590.11
616.83
471.58
461.34
514.79
568.65
575.77
529.99
580.77
507.60
474.31
458.99
444.57
606.42
363.78
415.66
443.62
628.00
623.60
629.58
505.14
470.38
512.40
567.24
573.46
529.33
579.39
503.29
473.93
459.67
443.63
613.79
362.16
414.47
441.98
626.34
612.57
631.31
499.10
471.74
514.92
621.41
682.63
436.18
643.68
698.79
483.11
625.66
676.71
475.23
639.18
360.14
579.94
230.06
368.99
608.30
239.20
366.86
600.81
239.40
368.16
Feb.
1987 P
Mar.
1987 P
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials
29
291
295
14.21
15.30
10.46
14.22
15.34
10.41
14.40
15.46
11.03
14.35
15.45
10.95
14.56 612.45
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products
30
301
302
8.69
8.87
13.92
5.98
8.84
13.78
5.95
8.72
13.55
5.96
8.85 356.29
13.51
5.97
575.53
226.70
303,4
306
307
8.48
8.50
8.09
8.46
8.47
8.12
9.05
8.64
8.23
8.90
8.61
8.22
361.25
348.50
330.07
364.63
351.51
333.73
370.15
361.15
339.90
364.90
358.18
338.66
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
31
5.83
7.46
5.56
5.91
5.32
6.18
5.51
5.86
7.52
5.57
5.95
5.32
6.23
5.59
6.03
7.88
5.78
6.18
5.49
6.28
5.74
5.97
7.90
5.70
6.13
5.39
6.21
5.74
6.04 209.88
212.72
306.82
195.51
211.23
179.82
243.59
208.51
224.92
322.29
213.28
231.13
204.23
232.99
210.66
222.08
328.64
209.19
228.65
196.20
235.36
212.95
226.50
304.37
192.93
205.08
181.94
240.40
200.01
11.64
11.62
11.73
11.79
11.78 456.29
457.83
453.95
459.81
460.60
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods
311
314
3143
3144
316
317
Transportation and public utilities
668.61
436.18
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3
4011
13.91
13.77
14.03
14.28
616.21
621.03
615.92
634.03
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation
41
411
413
7.93
8.35
11.61
7.91
8.38
11.60
8.10
8.60
11.80
8.08
8.59
11.61
269.62
321.48
474.85
268.94
322.63
452.40
268.11
326.80
442.50
267.45
326.42
444.66
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing
42
421,3
422
10.69
10.86
8.33
10.71
10.87
8.43
10.69
10.88
8.16
10.76
10.95
8.24
399.81
405.08
313.21
405.91
411.97
316.97
400.88
406.91
311.71
409.96
417.20
317.24
Pipe lines, except natural gas
46
15.12
15.05
15.39
15.43
668.30
654.68
646.38
635.72
See footnotes at end of table.
125
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution .. .
Combination utility services .
Sanitary services
1972
SIC
Code
48
481
483
49
491
492
493
495
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment...
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods .,
Metals and minerals, except petroleum ..
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment.
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
51
511
512
513
508
509
514
516
517
518
519
Retail trade.
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
40.2
41.5
37.1
40.2
41.4
37.2
39.7
40.9
36.9
39.6
40.7
36.8
41.7
41.6
40.6
42.4
42.8
41.7
41.6
40.3
42.6
43.2
41.6
41.5
41.3
42.1
41.5
41.1
40.5
40.8
42.8
41.4
38.0
38.3
38.1
38.0
38.6
37.9
36.4
38.1
36.2
40.1
38.1
38.3
39.4
37.1
38.8
38.3
36.7
39.0<
36.3^
40.1
38.4
38.4
39.5
37.5
38.6
38.0
36.9
39.0
36.6
40.6
38.9
38.3
39.0
37.6
38.6
37.9
37.0
38.7
36.3
40.4
38.6
38.2
39.1
37.7
37.2
36.9
36.4
35.9
37.6
38.8
39.3
35.8
37.0
37.5
37.2
36.9
35.9
37.9
39.0
39.4
36.1
37.4
37.4
37.1
37.4
36.3
37.7
40.0
39.4
35.8
36.7
37.3
37.5
36.9
36.4
37.7
39.7
38.9
35.7
36.5
28.6
28.9
28.4
28.7
Building materials and garden supplies .
Lumber and other building materials ..
Hardware stores
52
521
525
35.3
37.2
32.2
35.7
37.7
32.5
36.3
38.3
32.4
36.1
38.1
32.3
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores .
53
531
533
539
26.8
26.6
27.9
28.4
27.7
27.5
28.9
28.9
26.7
26.4
28.4
28.3
26.7
26.4
28.0
28.4
Food stores
Grocery stores .
Retail bakeries .
54
541
546
29.5
29.7
29.2
29.5
29.7
29.1
29.3
29.6
26.6
29.4
29.6
28.1
Automotive dealers and service stations .
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
55
551,2
553
554
36.2
37.3
38.7
33.7
36.5
37.5
38.9
34.0
36.2
37.1
38.8
33.6
36.1
37.1
38.8
33.5
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
26.2
29.2
24.7
26.6
27.0
26.8
29.1
25.6
27.2
27.4
25.8
29.2
24.4
25.1
27.4
26.1
29.0
24.6
26.2
27.4
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores
57
571
572
573
32.6
32.5
33.2
32.6
33.0
32.9
33.9
32.7
33.0
32.6
33.5
33.4
33.0
32.6
33.1
33.7
Eating and drinking places4 ..
58
25.0
25.3
24.8
25.5
See footnotes at end of table.
126
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Mar.
1987P
38.1
28.8
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
1972
SIC
Code
48
481
483
49
491
492
493
495
Wholesale trade
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
13.64
13.77
12.89
15.62
9.99
554.19
551.20
503.44
663.98
413.02
556.70
554.94
502.14
669.67
412.99
562.85
566.89
528.23
652.55
414.17
560.60
557.69
525.91
668.54
413.59
9.36
9.33
9.49
9.55
$9.51 355.68
357.34
361.57
362.90
9.62
8.61
9.70
8.57
8.78
9.10
9.66
10.13
9.18
10.34
7.71
365.93
317.98
309.76
337.19
350.05
413.83
379.10
342.02
395.58
283.07
366.27
320.57
313.05
343.59
353.20
411.83
376.32
342.53
395.40
284.25
371.33
327.18
322.88
352.56
360.14
415.34
389.39
350.45
398.58
286.14
374.42
324.80
324.86
352.17
350.66
416.12
391.02
350.68
404.29
290.67
341.50
368.63
388.75
317.72
347.05
445.42
383.96
379.84
277.50
343.50
370.51
390.40
317.00
349.44
446.94
387.30
388.08
278.26
348.19
363.58
397.56
333.23
354.38
481.60
379.82
385.92
281.49
347.64
363.38
400.73
335.97
354.38
479.18
373.44
381.63
282.15
172.74
174.27
172.39
173.92
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products .
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
51
511
512
9.18
9.99
10.68
8.85
9.23
11.48
9.77
10.61
7.50
9.16
9.96
8.75
9.04
9.84
10.23
10.01
9.15
10.22
7.61
10.30
10.58
8.83
9.22
9.31
9.80
10.63
9.18
9.40
11.46
9.83
10.75
7.44
12.04
9.64
10.78
7.67
9.32
9.69
10.86
9.23
9.40
12.07
9.60
10.69
7.73
6.04
6.03
6.07
6.06
Mar.
1987P
$484.01 $484.81 $485.53 $483.52
528.30 528.26 532.93 527.88
400.68 401.02 398.89 398.91
13.53
13.66
12.79
15.50
9.98
9.44
8.37
8.53
8.81
9.73
10.27
9.80
8.92
10.01
7.58
Retail trade
Mar.
1987P
13.35
13.34
12.46
15.72
9.56
9.48
8.39
8.51
8.85
9.67
10.32
9.95
8.93
10.04
7.63
519
Feb.
1987P
13.29
13.25
12.40
15.66
9.65
50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
514
516
517
518
Jan.
1987
$12.04 $12.06 $12.23 $12.21
12.73
12.76 13.03 12.97
10.80
10.78 10.81 10.84
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment..
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
513
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
6.05
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores
52
521
525
6.76
7.06
5.78
6.75
7.06
5.78
6.98
7.30
5.87
6.94
7.25
5.85
238.63
262.63
186.12
240.98
266.16
187.85
253.37
279.59
190.19
250.53
276.23
188.96
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores
53
531
533
539
6.23
6.49
4.72
4.86
6.26
6.53
4.69
4.91
6.41
6.70
4.72
5.00
6.48
6.79
4.76
5.03
166.96
172.63
131.69
138.02
173.40
179.58
135.54
141.90
171.15
176.88
134.05
141.50
173.02
179.26
133.28
142.85
Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries
54
541
546
7.20
7.41
5.44
7.16
7.36
5.44
6.92
7.08
5.56
6.92
7.09
5.49
212.40
220.08
158.85
211.22
218.59
158.30
202.76
209.57
147.90
203.45
209.86
154.27
Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
55
551,2
553
554
7.52
9.10
6.51
5.40
7.52
9.12
6.52
5.40
7.49
9.02
6.59
5.47
7.50
9.02
6.60
5.47
272.22
339.43
251.94
181.98
274.48
342.00
253.63
183.60
271.14
334.64
255.69
183.79
270.75
334.64
256.08
183.25
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
5.35
6.25
5.05
5.30
5.33
5.34
6.14
5.06
5.31
5.35
5.48
6.58
5.12
5.58
5.26
5.52
6.58
5.17
5.50
5.49
140.17
182.50
124.74
140.98
143.91
143.11
178.67
129.54
144.43
146.59
141.38
192.14
124.93
140.06
144.12
144.07
190.82
127.18
144.10
150.43
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores
57
571
572
573
7.21
7.27
7.36
7.07
7.24
7.34
7.37
7.02
7.39
7.49
7.48
7.20
7.32
7.42
7.42
7.13
235.05
236.28
244.35
230.48
238.92
241.49
249.84
229.55
243.87
244.17
250.58
240.48
241.56
241.89
245.60
240.28
Eating and drinking places4
58
4.37
4.36
4.40
4.41
109.25
110.31
109.12
112.46
$362.33
174.24
See footnotes at end of table.
127
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
1972
SIC
Code
Industry
Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee
Finance, insurance, and real estate
59
591
594
596
598
599
5
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
30.2
28.1
28.3
32.2
39.4
33.1
30.0
28.2
28.3
32.7
38.3
31.6
29.8
27.8
28.1
32.5
39.5
31.0
30.3
27.7
28.2
33.1
39.7
33.5
36.8
36.7
36.5
36.5
Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks ....
60
602
36.9
36.9
36.6
36.6
36.3
36.3
36.3
36.3
Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions
61
614
37.7
36.7
37.8
37.8
36.9
37.8
37.0
36.3
37.2
37.1
35.9
37.3
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
63
631
632
633
37.9
37.4
38.1
38.0
37.8
37.2
38.0
37.9
37.4
37.0
38.1
37.2
37.5
37.2
37.5
37.4
32.4
32.4
32.2
32.3
612
Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4
701
30.5
30.6
29.5
30.9
Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
721
723
33.3
29.4
33.8
29.8
33.9
29.4
33.8
29.8
Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services
73
731
734
737
33.4
36.0
28.4
38.7
33.6
36.2
28.4
38.6
33.2
35.9
27.9
38.0
33.2
35.9
28.0
37.8
Auto repair, services, and garages
75
753
36.9
38.2
37.1
38.4
37.2
38.5
37.2
38.4
76
37.5
37.9
37.7
37.6
78
781
29.0
37.8
27.1
33.3
28.1
35.3
28.2
35.3
79
28.5
28.3
28.1
28.9
80
801
802
805
806
32.4
30.8
28.1
31.3
34.3
32.4
30.9
28.2
31.3
34.2
32.3
30.8
28.1
31.5
34.1
32.3
30.8
28.0
31.4
34.1
81
34.7
34.8
34.6
34.5
89
891
893
39.1
39.4
39.7
39.3
39.6
39.9
38.4
39.2
38.0
38.5
39.1
38.5
Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Legal services
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .
See footnotes at end of table.
128
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Mar.
1987P
36.4
32.2
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores .. .
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee
1972
SIC
Code
\
59
591
594
596
598
599
Finance, insurance, and real estate5
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Average weekly earnings
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
$184.22
155.96
162.16
218.64
353.02
204.56
$183.00
157.07
161.88
224.32
336.27
198.13
$186.85
160.96
163.54
231.08
360.64
197.78
$190.28
160.38
164.41
235.01
365.24
212.39
$6.10
5.55
5.73
6.79
8.96
6.18
$6.10
5.57
5.72
6.86
8.78
6.27
$6.27
5.79
5.82
7.11
9.13
6.38
$6.28
5.79
5.83
7.10
9.20
6.34
8.28
8.30
8.58
8.71
$8.68 304.70
304.61
313.17
317.92
Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks
60
602
7.09
6.94
7.15
6.97
7.38
7.15
7.50
7.26
261.62
256.09
261.69
255.10
267.89
259.55
272.25
263.54
Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions
61
612
614
7.57
7.13
7.28
7.54
7.11
7.27
7.93
7.50
7.43
7.95
7.52
7.49
285.39
261.67
275.18
285.01
262.36
274.81
293.41
272.25
276.40
294.95
269.97
279.38
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
63
631
632
633
8.96
8.43
9.04
9.34
8.95
8.42
9.06
9.35
9.36
8.88
9.26
9.69
9.51
9.00
9.57
9.86
339.58
315.28
344.42
354.92
338.31
313.22
344.28
354.37
350.06
328.56
352.81
360.47
356.63
334.80
358.88
368.76
8.17
8.18
8.36
8.40
8.40 264.71
265.03
269.19
271.32
Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4
701
6.01
5.97
6.14
6.12
183.31
182.68
181.13
189.11
Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
721
723
5.94
5.97
5.96
6.15
6.07
6.11
6.07
6.03
197.80
175.52
201.45
183.27
205.77
179.63
205.17
179.69
Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services
73
731
734
737
8.43
11.35
6.39
11.47
8.44
11.54
6.37
11.55
8.58
11.20
6.48
11.84
8.60
11.59
6.50
12.03
281.56
408.60
181.48
443.89
283.58
417.75
180.91
445.83
284.86
402.08
180.79
449.92
285.52
416.08
182.00
454.73
Auto repair, services, and garages
75
753
7.52
8.09
7.55
8.14
7.71
8.29
7.73
8.31
277.49
309.04
280.11
312.58
286.81
319.17
287.56
319.10
76
8.76
8.81
8.93
9.01
328.50
333.90
336.66
338.78
78
781
12.54
16.97
12.82
17.35
12.77
16.92
12.54
16.53
363.66
641.47
347.42
577.76
358.84
597.28
353.63
583.51
79
7.29
7.43
7.23
7.03
207.77
210.27
203.16
203.17
80
801
802
805
806
8.27
8.19
8.24
5.79
9.22
8.26
8.19
8.24
5.77
9.22
8.51
8.29
8.41
5.87
9.63
8.55
8.38
8.49
5.89
9.64
267.95
252.25
231.54
181.23
316.25
267.62
253.07
232.37
180.60
315.32
274.87
255.33
236.32
184.91
328.38
276.17
258.10
237.72
184.95
328.72
81
11.17
11.17
11.59
11.82
387.60
388.72
401.01
407.79
89
891
893
11.68
12.81
9.69
11.63
12.77
9.67
11.84
12.84
9.90
12.00
12.97
10.16
456.69
504.71
384.69
457.06
505.69
385.83
454.66
503.33
376.20
462.00
507.13
391.16
Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Legal services
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in the aircraft industry (SIC
3721).
3
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
4
Money payments only; tips, not included.
Mar.
1987P
$315.95
270.48
5
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from all series in this
division.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.
129
A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft Manufacturing
For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' average
hourly earnings series for production workers in "aircraft
manufacturing (sic 3721) has been used to escalate labor costs
in contracts between aircraft companies and their customers.
Although the Bureau's series by definition takes account of
traditional wage rate changes, it does not capture "lump-sum
payments to workers in lieu of general wage increases" which
were negotiated in aircraft manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
As a service to aircraft companies and other interested parties,
BLS has calculated an average hourly earnings series for sic 3721
which includes lump-sum payments. This series is presented in
table C-2a along with the average hourly earnings series produced as part of the Current Employment Statistics program/The
series begins in October 1983, the effective date of the first aircraft bargaining agreement using lump-sum payments.
The general practice in the industry has been to make this
payment at the beginning of the contract year "in lieu of a
wage increase" and to base the amount of the payment on the
workers' earnings during the preceding year. As a result, the
Bureau considered three approaches to the method for
calculating an average hourly earnings series which includes
lump-sum payments:
1. The entire payment could be included in the month in
which the payment was made.
2. The payments could be prorated backward to payroll
periods used to determine the amount of the lump-sum
payment.
3. The payments could be prorated forward as an advance
payment for payroll periods in the year following the
payment.
The first approach, attractive because it includes the payment in the month in which it is received by the worker, creates
1-month "spikes" and a series which would not be useful for
escalation purposes. The second approach, which prorates the
payments backward, places emphasis on the determination of
the amount of the payment from workers' earnings in the
previous year. This approach generally relates the payments to
the workers who receive them. However, the Bureau has
received statements from both union and company officials
who negotiated the agreements covering a majority of the
workers in the industry. These statements make clear that the
intent of the bargainers was to make an advance payment for
the upcoming contract year in lieu of an increase in wage rates
for that following year.
Because BLS has a longstanding policy of leaving the interpretation of collective bargaining agreements to the parties involved,
the Bureau calculated the inclusion of lump-sum payments using
the third method, prorating the payments forward through the
years covered by the contract. Because the payments prorated forward under this approach may include payments to workers no
longer on the payroll, data provided by the aircraft companies
have been used to adjust for this difference.
Lump-sum payments are but one of several recent changes
in the way that employees are compensated. The changes are
widespread and they differ by industry. Because of these
developments, the Bureau plans to conduct a broad-based
review of all concepts and definitions used in its earnings and
wage programs to determine the proper treatment of lumpsum payments and other new compensation practices.
C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing (SIC 3721)
Year
Annual
average
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
$12.76
13.04
13.35
13.52
$12.83
13.05
13.37
13.66
$12.93
13.13
13.48
13.64
$12.83
13.26
13.54
14.12
$12.92
13.28
13.57
14.23
$13.03
13.37
13.68
14.19
Average hourly earnings, excluding lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
$12.91
13.18
13.48
$12.82
13.01
13.38
13.60
$12.88
13.12
13.44
p
13.69
$12.85
13.11
13.46
$12.81
13.04
13.46
$12.78
13.06
13.38
$12.87
13.11
13.42
$12.89
13.05
13.41
$12.87
13.16
13.43
$12.97
13.26
13.48
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
p
= preliminary.
130
$13.11
13.40
13.78
$12.95
13.26
13.58
14.14
$13.02
13.36
13.64
p
14.23
$13.02
13.33
13.66
$12.98
13.26
13.66
$12.97
13.27
13.58
$13.06
13.33
13.63
$13.11
13.29
13.61
$13.09
13.39
13.63
$13.19
13.48
13.68
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
$9.33
$9.33
$9.43
$9.43
$9.44
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products .
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment.
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products . .
Miscellaneous manufacturing
9.88
8.07
7.12
9.45
11.39
9.45
10.11
9.29
12.21
9.11
7.29
9.88
8.01
7.13
9.42
11.42
9.48
10.15
9.30
12.24
9.10
7.29
9.95
7.96
7.33
9.67
11.27
9.57
10.16
9.53
12.34
9.31
7.48
9.96
7^98
7.32
9.62
11.29
9.57
10.19
9.52
12.31
9.33
7.47
9.95
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products ..
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ..
Paper and allied products . ..,
Printing and publishing
,
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products
8.53
8.35
12.23
6.55
5.67
10.44
9.52
11.35
13.58
8.32
5.75
8.54
8.39
12.54
6.56
5.68
10.47
9.53
11.31
13.53
8.34
5.76
8.70
8.51
12.75
6.78
5.76
10.57
9.79
11.64
13.72
8.47
5.89
8.70
8.55
13.20
6.77
5.75
10.60
9.79
11.67
13.68
8.46
5.84
$8.72
Industry
Manufacturing ..
1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
1
— preliminary.
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are
subject to revision.
131
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workerson private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars.
Average hourly earnings
Industry
Average weekly earnings
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
$8.74
4.91
$8.73
4.93
$8.88
4.92
$8.89
4.90
$8.90
Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
12.32
6.92
12.35
6.98
12.67
7.01
12.52
6.91
$12.51
522.37
293.30
522.41
294.98
542.28
300.27
527.09
290.73
$522.92
Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
12.35
6.93
12.22
6.90
12.53
6.94
12.45
6.87
$12.57
434.72
244.09
444.81
251.16
467.37
258.79
459.41
253.40
$471.38
Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
9.70
5.45
9.72
5.49
9.83
5.44
9.84
5.42
$9.85
390.91
219.49
395.60
223.38
401.06
222.07
401.47
221.44
$402.87
11.64
6.54
11.62
6.56
11.73
6.49
11.79
6.50
$11.78
456.29
256.20
457.83
258.51
453.95
251.36
459.81
253.62
$460.60
Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
9.36
5.26
9.33
5.27
9.49
5.26
9.55
5.27
$9.51
355.68
199.71
357.34
201.77
361.57
200.20
362.90
200.17
$362.33
Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
6.04
3.39
6.03
3.40
6.07
3.36
6.06
3.34
$6.05
172.74
96.99
174.27
98.40
172.39
95.45
173.92
95.93
$174.24
Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
8.28
4.65
8.30
4.69
8.58
4.75
8.71
4.80
$8.68
304.70
171.08
304.61
172.00
313.17
173.41
317.92
175.36
$315.95
Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
8.17
4.59
8.18
4.62
8.36
4.63
8.40
4.63
$8.40
264.71
148.63
265.03
149.65
269.19
149.05
271.32
149.65
$270.48
Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
1
= preliminary.
132
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987P
$300.66 $302.93 $305.47 $306.71 $307.94
168.82 171.05 171.78 169.17
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
Mar.
Total private
1987
1986
Industry
34.9
Apr.
34.8
May
34.8
June
34.7
July
34.7
Aug.
34.8
Sept.
34.7
Oct.
34.7
Mining
Nov.
34.8
34.6
(2)
(2)
40.7
3.4
41.2
3.4
40.3
39.4
42.3
41.7
41.5
41.1
41.8
41.0
41.9
41.8
40.9
40.6
3.3
41.2
3.5
39.9
39.4
42.2
41.6
41.1
41.1
41.7
41.0
42.2
42.4
41.0
40.6
3.4
41.1
3.5
40.1
39.4
42.2
41.3
41.2
41.1
41.4
41.1
42.1
42.4
40.8
40.8
3.5
41.4
3.5
40.2
39.9
42.5
41.9
41.5
41.2
41.7
41.2
42.6
42.8
41.0
40.8
3.5
41.4
3.6
40.1
40.0
42.5
42.0
41.6
41.5
41.7
41.2
42.6
42.7
40.7
40.7
3.4
41.4
3.6
40.2
39.4
41.9
41.9
41.7
41.4
41.6
41.0
42.7
43.3
41.3
40.7
3.4
41.3
3.6
40.3
39.1
42.4
41.3
40.5
41.2
41.8
41.1
42.1
41.9
41.3
39.8
3.2
39.9
2
()
40.7
36.5
43.5
38.0
41.9
43.8
39.9
3.3
40.2
(2)
41.3
36.9
43.0
38.0
41.9
43.6
39.9
3.4
40.2
2
()
41.1
36.5
43.2
38.0
42.0
43.4
39.8
3.2
40.0
2
()
40.8
36.5
43.1
37.8
41.9
44.0
39.8
3.4
40.0
2
()
40.9
36.6
43.2
37.9
41.9
43.5
40.0
3.4
40.3
2
()
41.4
36.5
43.5
38.0
42.1
44.3
39.9
3.3
39.7
2
()
41.6
36.7
43.0
38.0
42.0
43.4
Transportation and public utilities
39.6
39.2
39.2
39.1
39.2
39.1
Wholesale trade
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.3
Retail trade
29.3
29.2
29.2
29.1
29.2
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
40.7
3.5
41.3
3.6
40.3
39.8
42.3
42.3
42.3
41.2
41.6
40.9
42.1
42.1
41.1
Mar
34.8
35.0
34.8
41.0
3.6
41.6
3.7
40.7
40.2
42.9
42.7
42.8
41.5
42.0
41.0
42.3
43.2
41.2
41.2
3.6
41.9
3.7
41.1
40.1
43.1
42.8
42.4
41.8
42.1
41.4
42.8
43.5
41.4
40.9
3.7
41.6
3.8
40.8
39.8
42.5
42.7
42.3
41.5
41.9
40.8
42.7
43.2
41.3
40.1
3.5
40.0
(2)
42.0
37.0
43.3
37.9
41.9
44.0
40.8
3.5
41.3
3.6
40.4
39.6
42.1
42.5
42.7
41.1
41.5
41.0
42.1
42.6
41.3
40.1
3.5
40.0
40.1
3.5
39.8
40.1
3.5
40.0
36.7
43.0
38.0
42.2
43.7
41.5
36.9
43.2
38.1
42.5
43.8
41.9
37.0
43.4
38.1
42.2
43.6
(2)
41.7
36.9
43.6
38.0
42.3
45.0
40.4
3.5
40.1
(2)
42.3
37.6
43.6
38.3
42.1
44.2
38.9
39.1
39.3
39.0
39.1
39.3
39.3
38.4
38.2
38.4
38.3
38.2
38.3
38.4
38.3
29.2
29.2
29.1
29.3
28.9
29.0
29.4
29.2
O
0
2
2
2
2
2
39.9
3.4
39.8
(2)
41.5
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
()
Services
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.4
32.4
32.4
32.3
32.4
2
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular
Feb.p
40.8
3.5
41.4
3.6
40.7
39.6
41.9
42.4
42.5
41.4
41.7
41.0
42.3
42.6
41.2
Finance, insurance, and real estate
1
Jan.
(2)
Construction
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Dec.
2
()
()
(2)
32.4
32.5
32.3
2
2
32.5
32.4
2
components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are
subject to revision.
133
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1977 = 100)
1986
1987
Industry
Mar.p
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec
Jan.
Total private .
117.4
117.8
117.7
117.3
117.9
118.4
118.3
118.6
119.3
119.0
119.9
120.9
120.4
Goods-producing .
98.5
99.4
98.8
98.0
98.1
98.9
98.7
98.5
98.8
99.0
100.4
101.0
99.8
95.0
90.2
85.3
83.4
83.7
83.0
81.2
82.1
81.1
81.4
81.0
81.8
81.2
126.6
133.7
132.6
130.3
132.2
134.0
134.2
133.0
131.8
132.2
139.9
138.6
135.5
93.3
93.2
92.9
92.4
92.2
92.9
92.7
92.6
93.3
93.4
93.6
94.6
93.8
91.7
98.6
91.5
99.3
103.6
89.2
64.7
51.8
90.1
89.4
103.0
95.6
85.3
106.1
81.6
91.0
99.3
104.9
88.8
64.8
52.6
89.4
88.9
102.8
94.2
83.4
104.5
81.2
90.3
98.5
104.9
88.2
62.7
51.6
88.9
88.3
89.9
98.7
105.2
87.9
61.8
51.7
88.1
87.0
90.7
99.9
90.1
90.9
104.1
91.9
105.6
91.2
104.4
108.4
108.4
108.1
89.7
90.7
63.3
49.6
102.7
93.9
82.5
103.5
80.1
103.2
95.9
84.8
90.6
103.3
106.3
86.7
62.6
49.3
89.0
85.1
102.9
96.3
90.5
100.6
94.9
84.5
104.5
81.7
90.5
100.5
107.6
88.3
61.8
48.4
89.4
85.8
102.9
89.1
63.5
53.2
89.3
86.3
101.6
96.4
84.7
103.9
95.8
99.1
81.6
95.7
99.5
95.6
99.9
79.5
77.9
84.8
95.7
96.1
99.8
100.1
72.2
96.0
98.9
76.6
79.6
85.0
79.6
85.6
101.6
128.6
101.2
Mining .
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products ...
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
104.4
87.4
65.6
53.6
90.2
89.3
102.9
97.1
88.4
106.1
81.8
95.7
98.4
85.4
77.8
85.4
102.0
127.4
78.4
86.6
101.0
127.8
93.2
82.1
78.4
85.2
101.7
127.8
101.7
127.6
93.2
80.8
112.7
80.1
111.8
92.9
79.7
111.8
60.9
58.5
127.8
101.5
128.7
93.2
104.5
80.1
95.9
84.4
103.5
79.9
79.1
94.0
81.3
128.9
93.4
78.9
111.7
110.5
112.6
57.5
56.8
56.4
127.9
128.2
128.0
108.2
106.8
106.8
120.1
120.6
120.2
93.4
80.4
118.4
135.6
143.5
118.1
135.4
144.2
118.5
87.3
62.2
49.7
88.6
85.3
102.3
94.9
82.1
104.2
79.9
84.6
103.9
81.3
96.3
97.2
99.0
77.5
79.9
85.9
102.0
129.7
100.6
78.9
93.7
94.6
79.6
80.7
86.4
102.7
130.2
103.2
106.5
87.7
62.9
49.5
88.8
84.6
102.9
95.6
84.1
104.5
82.5
97.6
100.1
78.4
81.7
87.6
103.7
61.9
47.9
89.4
85.6
102.5
95.5
103.4
97.4
85.1
103.4
83.0
104.2
83.4
90.0
86.6
87.1
97.7
98.5
100.6
101.1
79.1
79.1
83.5
88.2
103.6
132.0
83.1
130.8
93.4
131.1
81.8
115.3
93.8
81.2
97.8
100.7
82.0
83.1
86.6
102.3
130.6
93.4
80.8
116.5
116.1
81.7
87.1
103.4
93.9
113.4
79.4
113.5
114.8
79.3
115.2
56.9
56.6
56.8
57.5
58.9
59.2
60.6
60.5
128.9
129.2
129.2
129.7
130.7
130.1
130.7
132.0
131.7
104.3
106.7
105.7
106.6
107.3
108.6
108.2
108.7
109.5
110.1
119.0
119.8
120.2
119.3
1.19.8
119.5
119.2
119.6
120.0
119.8
120.8
119.2
120.1
122.3
121.7
141.1
140.7
141.3
141.8
142.3
147.9
148.2
148.4
149.7
149.1
118.4
135.8
137.6
144.8
145.2
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
— preliminary.
134
81.5
78.5
85.3
107.1
88.1
61.9
49.0
88.5
87.5
101.4
107.3
Feb.'
119.1
119.3
137.8
139.1
145.9
146.4
119.6
138.7
146.0
119.7
139.7
146.8
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are
subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-7. The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1
on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1986
1987
Industry
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.1
Mar.p
Hourly Earnings Index2(1977 = 100)
Total private (in current dollars)
168.4
168.7
169.2
168.9
169.3
169.6
170.0
170.8
170.6
170.7
171.4
171.8
()
149.2
171.8
170.2
150.6
172.0
169.3
151.0
172.5
170.1
151.4
172.5
170.7
150.8
172.7
170.3
151.3
172.9
170.1
151.2
172.8
170.8
152.6
173.1
170.9
154.0
173.2
171.2
153.9
173.5
171.2
151.7
173.4
171.5
151.0
173.9
172.5
157.4
157.3
157.2
157.8
157.7
158.5
159.1
159.1
159.3
159.3
158.4
158.6
174.0
173.1
173.4
174.3
173.4
174.3
174.4
175.3
176.6
175.8
176.9
178.1
153.5
174.1
173.0
(3)
158.8
(3)
178.9
95.0
95.3
95.3
95.2
95.0
95.1
94.9
95.0
95.3
95.0
94.4
94.4
$8.73
$8.72
$8.73
$8.74
$8.73
$8.84
$8.82
$8.84
$8.86
168.5
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
4
Total private (in constant dollars)
3
AverageJ hourly earnings
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
$8.77
$8.76
$8.80
$8.89
$12.23 $12.34 $12.38 $12.43 $12.40 $12.43 $12.43 $12.53 $12.65 $12.62 $12.43 $12.39 $12.60
9.71
9.70
9.68
9.72
9.73
9.76
9.74
9.77
9.77
9.78
9.82
9.78
9.83
11.62
11.63
11.62
11.67
11.65
11.58
11.62
11.64
11.82
11.68
11.65
11.69
11.78
9.31
9.27
9.29
9.35
9.37
9.36
9.35
9.39
9.47
9.54
9.43
9.42
9.53
5.99
6.Q0
6.01
5.99
6.00
6.03
6.05
6.05
6.07
6.07
6.03
6.03
6.01
8.40
8.27
8.28
8.31
8.33
8.41
8.37
8.41
8.44
8.64
8.56
8.54
8.63
8.17
8.12
8.17
8.16
8.11
8.12
8.34
8.16
8.21
8.28
8.24
8.38
8.29
Average weekly earnings
Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1977) dollars4 .
304.68 303.46 303.80 303.28 302.93 305.20 303.97 305.36 307.63 305.17 307.63 310.10 309.37
171.84 171.83 171.54 170.57 170.38 171.46 170.20 170.69 171.57 170.01 170.01
170.85
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Excludes the effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to
underlying wage rate movements: Fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing
and interindustry employment shifts.
3
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular
components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
4
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series.
5
Not available.
?
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to
revision.
135
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area
Alabama
Birmingham .
Mobile
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
40.6
41.9
40.9
41.1
41.5
42.0
41.3
41.0
41.7
$8.65
8.87
10.25
$8.70
8.84
10.16
42.5
32.9
39.6
12.31
13.00
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
$8.69
8.82
Average weekly earnings
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
$351.19
371.65
419.22
$357.57
366.86
426.72
$358.90
361.62
422.42
523.18
427.70
464.11
10.13
11.72
Arizona .
40.9
40.8
40.5
9.66
9.81
395.09
400.25
404.19
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock .
Pine Bluff
38.7
39.5
39.6
37.9
41.5
40.9
39.8
40.8
40.8
43.8
40.2
40.8
40.2
40.2
42.7
7.70
6.83
8.16
8.36
9.76
7.87
7.03
8.20
8.37
10.83
9.98
7.86
6.88
8.18
8.29
10.63
297.99
269.79
323.14
316.84
405.04
321.88
279.79
334.56
341.50
474.35
315.97
280.70
328.84
333.26
453.90
California .
40.0
40.0
40.0
10.25
10.63
10.62
410.00
425.20
424.80
Colorado .
Denver...
39.7
40.1
39.8
40.1
40.2
40.2
9.59
10.25
10.00
11.02
9.84
10.77
380.72
411.03
398.00
441.90
395.57
432.95
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury
41.5
40.9
42.0
41.9
41.2
40.1
43.4
42.3
41.7
42.7
43.0
41.3
39.8
44.2
42.0
42.0
42.3
43.0
41.5
40.6
42.5
9.89
10.23
10.19
10.24
9.41
10.23
8.32
10.29
10.63
10.59
10.68
10.00
11.24
8.78
10.26
10.76
10.58
10.65
9.98
11.18
8.93
410.44
418.41
427.98
429.06
387.69
410.22
361.09
435.27
443.27
452.19
459.24
413.00
447.35
388.08
430.92
451.92
447.53
457.95
414.17
453.91
379.53
Delaware
Wilmington .
41.1
41.6
42.9
43.9
41.1
42.1
10.15
11.77
11.29
13.46
10.50
12.35
417.17
489.63
484.34
590.89
431.55
519.94
District of Columbia:
Washington MSA
37.3
39.0
40.3
10.34
9.40
9.32
385.68
366.60
375.60
Florida
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ..
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach .
40.5
40.8
40.8
39.7
39.1
41.4
42.9
39.7
44.4
40.9
42.3
41.7
39.8
38.7
41.2
42.6
40.6
43.6
40.5
42.5
40.6
40.8
38.7
41.0
42.1
40.0
43.5
7.97
7.71
8.26
7.51
6.92
8.27
9.70
7.53
8.50
8.15
7.99
9.03
7.86
7.06
8.41
10.24
7.56
9.06
8.12
7.95
8.96
7.83
7.12
8.34
10.03
7.58
9.02
322.79
314.57
337.01
298.15
270.57
342.38
416.13
298.94
377.40
333.34
337.98
376.55
312.83
273.22
346.49
436.22
306.94
395.02
328.86
337.88
363.78
319.46
275.54
341.94
422.26
303.20
392.37
Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah .
40.3
40.0
43.0
41.0
39.4
43.8
41.2
39.8
43.9
8.25
10.11
10.49
8.35
10.47
10.66
8.38
10.36
10.63
332.48
404.40
451.07
342.35
412.52
466.91
345.26
412.33
466.66
Hawaii
Honolulu .
38.4
38.7
37.7
37.8
39.3
39.5
8.82
8.99
9.24
9.59
9.14
9.31
338.69
347.91
348.35
362.50
359.20
367.75
Idaho...
36.8
38.5
38.2
9.48
9.76
9.57
348.86
375.76
365.57
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline...
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
40.1
38.8
40.3
38.8
41.3
39.7
41.3
39.7
38.6
41.3
43.3
42.0
39.5
41.3
42.1
40.0
39.3
41.9
39.9
40.7
40.7
41.1
39.9
41.4
44.0
40.6
41.4
42.1
40.4
39.3
42.0
40.0
40.5
40.9
41.1
40.1
42.4
42.6
39.4
10.55
9.80
10.56
9.20
10.34
12.39
13.24
11.45
9.92
10.19
12.88
11.12
11.67
10.77
10.12
10.84
9.47
10.57
12.05
13.80
11.70
10.10
10.83
12.79
11.29
11.73
10.80
10.27
10.57
9.25
10.56
12.77
13.84
11.64
9.93
10.80
12.96
11.19
11.49
423.06
380.24
425.57
356.96
427.04
491.88
546.81
454.57
382.91
420.85
557.70
467.04
460.97
444.80
426.05
433.60
372.17
442.88
480.80
561.66
476.19
415.11
432.12
529.51
496.76
476.24
447.12
432.37
427.03
363.53
443.52
510.80
560.52
476.08
408.12
433.08
549.50
476.69
452.71
See footnotes at end of table.
136
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
$10.98
$449.76
$460.48
$455.67
10.46
11.44
11.44
11.87
8.90
415.60
441.38
463.20
465.23
318.97
416.56
460.16
464.51
374.01
344.37
422.58
427.86
478.19
490.23
347.10
9.85
11.07
10.80
10.05
10.87
10.96
381.28
463.30
374.19
396.96
456.08
401.76
409.04
450.02
425.25
9.67
10.45
10.75
9.74
10.53
11.05
9.90
10.65
11.17
365.53
384.56
423.55
388.63
393.82
450.84
395.01
397.25
454.62
42.0
40.4
41.9
40.1
10.69
12.60
10.90
10.97
10.72
12.33
10.76
11.35
10.82
12.35
10.66
11.12
438.29
546.84
424.01
439.90
444.88
508.00
439.01
461.95
454.44
498.94
446.65
445.91
40.9
39.6
39.1
41.2
40.3
38.4
8.59
(1)
9.03
8.78
7.27
9.31
8.72
7.39
9.41
346.18
(1)
356.69
359.10
287.89
364.02
359.26
297.82
361.34
39.6
41.0
40.4
41.2
40.4
40.7
10.00
10.51
10.10
10.75
10.02
10.64
396.00
430.91
408.04
442.90
404.81
433.05
41 3
40.3
41.8
39.9
40.6
40.6
42.6
40.1
40.2
40.4
42.2
40.4
9.01
9.85
8.95
9.30
9.51
10.40
9.00
9.52
9.61
10.49
9.00
9.53
372.11
396.96
374.11
371.07
386.11
422.24
383.40
381.75
386.32
423.80
379.80
385.01
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Detroit.
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon .
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
43.2
44 3
41.3
44 1
45.6
40.6
41.4
43.8
42.0
40.9
44.7
42.9
46 6
42.0
43 9
43.1
40.5
43 2
43.5
43.1
41.7
43.5
42.9
45.8
43.6
44 2
43.6
40.7
42.6
43.6
43.2
40.6
43.0
12.79
13.71
13.19
13 72
14.46
10.50
10.29
11.85
14.49
11.44
13.89
12.89
14.33
14.49
13.80
14.75
10.99
10.14
11.96
14.09
11.72
14.24
12.92
14.18
13.88
13.80
14.83
11.03
10.00
11.99
14.27
11.54
14.38
552.53
607.35
544.75
605.05
659.38
426.30
426.01
519.03
608.58
467.90
620.88
552.98
667.78
608.58
605.82
635.72
445.09
438.05
520.26
607.28
488.72
619.44
554.27
649.44
605.17
609.96
646.59
448.92
426.00
522.76
616.46
468.52
618.34
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud
40.3
37 3
40.8
39 5
40.6
37 1
40.7
37 8
40.3
36 7
40.3
38.8
10.21
10 74
10.98
9 47
10.39
10.68
11.16
8.92
10.36
10.76
11.12
8.93
411.46
400.60
447.98
374.07
421.83
396.23
454.21
337.18
417.51
394.89
448.14
346.48
Mississippi
Jackson
39.4
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.2
40.3
7.42
8.35
7.59
8.55
7.56
8.54
292.35
334.00
303.60
342.00
303.91
344.16
Missouri
Kansas City ...
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield ....
40.3
39.9
39.6
40 5
38.7
40.1
39.3
41 1
41 3
39.4
40.2
39.3
40.0
42.0
39.3
9.87
11.20
9.32
11 35
9.04
9.86
11.10
9.77
11.42
8.65
9.86
11.09
9.99
11.39
8.79
397.76
446.88
369.07
459.68
349.85
395.39
436.23
401.55
471.65
340.81
396.37
435.84
399.60
478.38
345.45
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987"
41.5
$10.89
$10.99
40.4
37.4
41.8
41.3
39.0
10.39
11.09
11.58
11.66
8.35
10.16
11.39
11.22
9.10
8.83
40.3
41.2
37.2
40.7
41.4
38.8
9.58
11.30
9.77
37.8
36.8
39.4
39.9
37.4
40.8
39.9
37.3
40.7
Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport
41.0
43.4
38.9
40.1
41.5
41.2
40.8
40.7
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
40.3
(1)
39.5
Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Massachusetts
Boston
Springfield
Worcester
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Indiana
41.3
41.9
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City
40 0
39.8
40.0
39.9
38.2
41.0
40.4
41.4
41.1
39.0
39.8
41.0
38 3
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette.
Louisville
Kansas
Topeka
Wichita
.
.
. . .
..
. .
Montana
39 5
38 7
37 6
11 11
10.71
10.40
438.85
414.48
391.04
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
39.7
39 6
40.4
41.2
41 2
40.6
40.0
41 3
40.1
9.24
9 63
9.80
9.40
9.78
10.10
9.33
9.76
9.93
366.83
381.35
395.92
387.28
402.94
410.06
373.20
403.09
398.19
Nevada .
Las Vegas
38.8
35.8
40.6
40.7
39.8
40.0
9.01
11.09
9.68
11.77
9.69
12.04
349.59
397.02
393.01
479.04
385.66
481.60
See footnotes at end of table.
137
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987*
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987*
Average weekly earnings
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
$351.82
408.87
$375.72
469.11
$374.75
466.07
New Hampshire.
Nashua
41.1
41.3
41.7
42.3
41.5
41.8
$8.56
9.90
$9.01
11.09
$9.03
11.15
New Jersey .
40.6
41.3
41.2
10.06
10.32
10.31
408.44
426.22
424.77
New Mexico ...
Albuquerque.
37.9
39.1
38.4
39.0
39.8
40.1
8.59
8.67
8.61
8.94
8.39
9.24
325.56
339.00
330.62
348.66
333.92
370.52
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy..
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
39.5
41.2
39.9
42.8
40.8
41.1
39.5
36.9
36.5
41.6
37.7
42.0
41.7
41.0
40.3
40.9
38.3
40.0
39.9
40.1
41.9
40.6
(1)
40.4
37.6
37.3
41.5
39.3
40.0
39.9
40.9
42.3
40.6
(1)
39.9
37.7
37.3
41.4
39.7
9.93
10.03
8.89
12.32
9.44
9.62
9.88
9.14
8.95
10.05
10.45
10.09
10.57
9.15
12.01
9.48
8.99
12.00
402.00
416.96
366.92
503.22
384.89
403.60
421.74
367.69
507.60
388.95
O
O
42.8
41.8
41.8
41.9
42.0
40.6
41.0
42.9
41.3
41.5
38.8
7.78
9.20
12.03
9.97
11.08
9.50
10.47
392.24
413.24
354.71
527.30
385.15
395.38
390.26
337.27
326.68
524.16
295.95
366.24
502.90
398.52
442.09
377.51
399.85
414.10
353.44
345.03
530.37
314.79
389.05
499.93
414.66
464.53
409.27
403.13
415.76
357.40
348.38
536.54
308.87
385.48
505.26
404.78
457.60
394.25
409.38
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point .
Raleigh-Durham
39.8
39.7
40.4
39.2
40.7
40.7
41.2
41.5
39.9
41.7
North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead.
37.6
37.6
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren..
0
9.58
(1)
10.42
39.1
12.06
9.72
10.97
9.23
10.44
10.25
9.40
9.25
12.78
8.01
9.09
11.96
9.92
11.33
9.54
10.39
40.8
40.3
41.8
40.2
41.4
7.44
7.56
7.61
8.12
8.43
7.73
7.71
7.97
8.57
8.73
7.74
7.79
7.95
8.56
8.71
296.11
300.13
307.44
318.30
343.10
314.61
317.65
330.76
341.94
364.04
315.79
313.94
332.31
344.11
360.59
37.8
37.0
37.9
36.2
8.06
8.36
8.24
8.52
8.20
8.36
303.06
314.34
311.47
315.24
310.78
302.63
42.2
43.1
40.4
41.3
41.9
41.0
43.8
42.9
42.2
42.7
43.1
42.2
42.3
43.1
41.2
42.0
43.5
42.8
42.4
42.9
42.2
42.3
42.5
40.8
42.0
43.1
42.3
11.58
11.13
11.13
10.78
11.39
11.06
12.16
12.51
13.51
11.77
11.36
11.45
10.84
11.69
11.46
11.91
12.75
13.49
11.79
11.48
11.39
11.02
11.68
11.36
11.97
12.69
13.36
488.68
479.70
449.65
445.21
477.24
453.46
532.61
536.68
570.12
502.58
489.62
483.19
458.53
503.84
472.15
500.22
554.63
577.37
499.90
492.49
480.66
466.15
496.40
463.49
502.74
546.94
565.13
Oklahoma
Oklahoma City .
Tulsa
40.5
39.9
38.9
41.0
39.5
40.2
41.5
40.5
40.5
9.92
10.81
10.45
9.85
11.01
10.58
9.77
10.98
10.58
401.76
431.32
406.51
403.85
434.90
425.32
405.46
444.69
428.49
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield .
Portland
Salem
38.7
40.1
38.2
36.8
38.9
39.6
38.9
36.0
39.5
41.3
38.3
37.4
10.68
10.60
10.95
10.88
9.60
10.44
11.00
10.59
10.45
413.32
439.10
415.62
353.28
412.34
413.42
427.90
343.44
418.31
431.59
419.00
351.56
See footnotes at end of table.
138
12.60
7.85
8.72
9.54
9.48
9.34
12.96
10.94
9.40
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
$9.86
10.21
8.79
11.05
10.20
9.34
8.35
9.62
10.64
11.02
9.91
8.61
11.03
8.25
8.60
9.29
$384.34
380.89
325.33
496.43
430.08
360.68
302.16
360.36
413.92
463.68
387.89
320.63
458.68
313.89
347.20
376.66
$399.50
397.70
350.61
458.71
423.49
373.46
313.50
392.85
435.59
454.30
415.75
331.19
452.47
323.53
351.24
388.16
$400.32
398.19
341.05
468.52
423.30
371.73
320.64
387.69
429.86
455.13
404.33
332.35
429.07
331.65
344.86
392.97
8.11
7.59
8.05
8.15
7.63
8.08
314.74
296.46
309.66
330.89
314.99
324.42
330.89
311.30
324.82
7.84
9.15
7.60
7.64
8.04
9.27
7.84
7.94
8.05
9.20
7.81
7.97
319.09
380.64
306.28
309.42
336.07
396.76
326.14
331.89
335.68
391.92
321.77
333.15
41.9
43.4
7.58
7.87
8.05
8.30
8.04
8.07
303.20
321.10
338.91
379.31
336.88
350.24
41.4
43.2
43.0
39.5
42.4
40.0
41.6
42.1
42.6
39.5
41.5
40.3
8.49
7.42
8.96
8.96
8.75
9.35
8.80
7.89
9.00
8.93
8.89
9.88
8.85
7.97
8.94
8.78
8.93
10.14
335.36
310.90
394.24
336.00
365.75
340.34
364.32
340.85
387.00
352.74
376.94
395.20
368.16
335.54
380.84
346.81
370.60
408.64
40.8
40.8
41.2
41.6
41.4
41.3
41.9
41.1
43.3
41.0
41.1
41.6
42.3
43.4
41.8
9.60
9.45
9.64
11.14
7.22
9.75
9.52
9.76
11.17
7.50
9.73
9.49
9.95
11.10
7.39
391.68
385.56
397.17
463.42
298.91
402.68
398.89
401.14
483.66
307.50
399.90
394.78
420.89
481.74
308.90
Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden
39.8
40.5
38.6
40.2
38.8
39.7
10.13
9.66
9.92
9.84
9.85
9.87
403.17
391.23
382.91
395.57
382.18
391.84
Vermont
Burlington
40.1
42.3
40.7
42.0
40.5
41.8
8.67
9.42
9.01
9.98
8.98
9.96
347.67
398.47
366.71
419.16
363.69
416.33
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg ..,
Roanoke
39.6
39.6
38.6
38.6
39.4
39.8
40.5
39.8
40.6
41.0
41.3
41.1
41.4
40.6
40.8
40.6
40.3
42.4
41.7
42.4
40.8
39.8
40.7
41.2
8.73
7.33
7.38
8.10
8.33
9.05
11.07
7.99
9.06
7.47
7.48
8.47
8.50
9.55
11.30
8.65
9.06
7.55
7.50
8.17
8.59
9.81
11.44
8.55
345.71
290.27
284.87
312.66
328.20
360.19
448.34
318.00
367.84
306.27
308.92
348.12
351.90
387.73
461.04
351.19
365.12
320.12
312.75
346.41
350.47
390.44
465.61
352.26
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
39.5
37.6
38.5
41.3
42.0
38.7
36.1
38.5
39.8
41.4
39.3
37.9
40.2
38.8
40.0
41.3
40.6
38.8
39.0
41.4
41.6
40.2
37.5
40.5
40.9
41.3
41.7
38.6
39.9
39.6
40.7
42.1
40.6
39.0
38.8
42.4
41.5
39.8
38.4
40.3
40.4
41.3
40.8
38.6
38.9
40.2
40.1
42.3
$9.73
10.13
8.45
12.02
10.24
9.32
8.37
9.36
10.40
11.20
9.87
8.46
11.41
8.09
8.68
9.12
$9.84
10.25
8.99
11.08
10.18
9.29
8.36
9.70
10.65
11.00
9.97
8.58
11.34
8.17
8.63
9.22
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
40.3
40.5
39.7
40.8
41.5
40.3
40.6
40.8
40.2
7.81
7.32
7.80
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
40.7
41.6
40.3
40.5
41.8
42.8
41.6
41.8
41.7
42.6
41.2
41.8
South Dakota
Sioux Falls
40.0
40.8
42.1
45.7
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
39.5
41.9
44.0
37.5
41.8
36.4
Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio
Feb.
1987P
See footnotes at end of table.
139
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Feb.
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
Average weekly earnings
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
Washington
39.2
39.9
40.3
$11.79
$11.74
$11.71
$462.17
$468.43
$471.91
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland.
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
40.2
42.2
38.4
42.1
38.6
39.7
41.7
39.2
40.1
40.5
40.2
41.4
39.5
40.3
39.3
10.29
12.52
10.78
11.98
11.40
10.49
13.10
11.66
12.33
10.93
10.42
12.96
11.63
12.27
11.10
413.66
528.34
413.95
504.36
440.04
416.45
546.27
457.07
494.43
442.67
418.88
536.54
459.39
494.48
436.23
Wisconsin
Appteton-Oshkosh...
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
41.1
42.2
40.1
42.1
40.2
39.7
39.4
40.2
41.0
39.7
39.8
40.2
41.3
42.5
40.6
41.3
39.0
41.1
39.9
40.4
41.4
42.4
41.5
42.4
41.2
42.3
39.5
41.8
39.1
37.9
40.1
40.0
41.6
40.9
41.8
41.6
10.39
10.21
10.28
11.43
12.14
10.35
8.99
9.45
11.68
10.84
9.52
10.58
10.67
10.47
11.41
12.06
11.72
8.99
9.88
11.83
10.81
9.68
10.59
10.71
10.55
11.37
11.98
11.66
9.22
9.87
11.85
10.95
9.76
427.03
430.86
412.23
481.20
488.03
410.90
354.21
379.89
478.88
430.35
378.90
397.58
436.95
453.48
425.08
471.23
470.34
481.69
358.70
399.15
489.76
458.34
401.72
419.34
436.31
453.03
416.73
475.27
468.42
441.91
369.72
394.80
492.96
447.86
407.97
411.84
9.89
9.89
9.90
Wyoming
38.8
39.1
37.8
376.75
382.01
369.31
9.71
9.77
9.77
206.58
214.34
211.83
5.27
5.44
5.39
418.16
406.23
413.69
Puerto Rico
39.2
39.4
39.3
Virgin Islands
41.9
41.2
42.3
9.98
1
Not available.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this
p
140
9.86
9.78
publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1986
benchmarks.
PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Industry
Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Mar. 1986
to
Mar. 1987P
Jan.
1987r
Feb.
1987r
Mar.
1987P
189,252
190,753
190,101
2.5
155,507
156,756
156,153
2.5
1,646
10,253
40,774
24,245
16,529
10,947
11,680
27,606
12,334
40,267
1,623
10,179
41,052
24,454
16,598
11,031
11,744
28,132
12,389
40,607
1,608
9,974
40,753
24,230
16,523
11,072
11,700
28,013
12,407
40,625
-14.9
7.5
.0
-.9
1.5
1.9
.1
2.9
5.1
4.6
33,745
33,997
33,948
2.6
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
p
= preliminary.
=revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,
Percent change
Jan. 1987
to
Feb. 1987r
Feb. 1987
to
Mar. 1987P
0.8
-0.3
-.4
-1.4
-.7
.7
.9
.4
.8
.5
1.9
.4
.8
-.9
-2.0
-.7
-.9
-.5
.4
-.4
-.4
.1
.0
-.1
nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2134-1,
chapter 13, Productivity Measures: Business Economy and Major Sectors.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).
141
PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
(1977 = 100)
Quarterly index
Annual average
Item
1985
1984
1985
1986
1986
IV
IV
IV
Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
106.4
122.7
115.3
175.3
98.8
164.8
159.7
163.0
107.1
125.8
117.5
180.9
100.0
168.9
161.6
166.3
105.6
119.0
112.7
167.1
97.9
158.3
156.7
157.7
105.5
119.5
113.3
169.0
98.1
160.2
157.0
159.0
105.5
120.2
114.0
170.6
98.2
161.7
157.7
160.3
105.7
121.3
114.8
172.3
98.4
163.1
158.3
161.4
106.4
122.3
115.0
174.5
98.6
164.0
160.0
162.6
107.3
123.5
115.2
176.4
99.0
164.4
161.4
163.4
106.4
123.8
116.4
178.0
99.0
167.3
159.6
164.6
107.3
125.3
116.8
179.1
99.2
167.0
162.2
165.3
107.4
125.4
116.7
180.4
100.2
168.0
161.9
165.8
107.3
126.0
117.4
181.7
100.4
169.3
163.4
167.2
106.6
126.5
118.7
182.6
100.2
171.4
159.1
167.0
104.8
122.5
116.9
174.6
98.4
166.7
160.6
164.6
105.5
125.8
119.3
179.9
99.4
170.5
163.7
168.1
104.6
119.1
113.8
166.9
97.8
159.5
156.4
158.4
104.4
119.5
114.5
168.7
97.9
161.5
157.2
160.0
104.3
120.2
115.2
170.4
98.1
163.3
157.9
161.4
104.4
121.1
116.0
172.1
98.3
164.8
158.9
162.7
104.9
122.1
116.4
174.0
98.3
165.9
160.8
164.1
105.4
123.3
116.9
175.4
98.5
166.3
163.0
165.2
104.5
123.6
118.2
177.0
98.4
169.3
160.3
166.2
105.6
125.1
118.5
178.3
98.8
168.8
163.9
167.1
105.7
125.3
118.5
179.3
99.7
169.6
163.7
167.5
105.7
126.1
119.4
180.4
99.6
170.7
165.9
169.0
105.1
126.7
120.6
181.6
99.6
172.8
161.4
168.8
121.7
120.4
115.7
115.3
99.7
166.8
97.7
144.2
117.8
117.4
99.7
169.1
98.1
143.5
118.2
117.9
99.7
171.5
98.7
145.1
119.3
118.8
99.6
173.8
99.2
145.7
121.7
119.9
98.5
175.6
99.2
144.3
123.0
121.2
98.5
178.1
100.0
144.8
122.9
121.9
99.1
179.3
99.7
145.8
123.7
122.8
98.9
176.7
99.5
145.1
125.0
123.4
98.7
181.9
100.5
145.5
99.3
180.2
99.8
145.7
124.7
122.7
98.4
181.4
100.8
145.5
125.8
123.6
98.2
182.5
100.8
145.1
125.8
124.6
99.0
183.5
100.7
145.9
124.6
124.7
100.1
174.9
98.5
140.3
127.9
126.5
98.9
180.7
99.9
141.3
115.4
115.6
100.2
165.3
96.8
143.3
118.3
119.1
100.7
167.2
97.1
141.4
119.1
120.5
101.2
169.4
97.5
142.3
121.4
122.6
100.9
172.0
98.2
141.6
124.4
124.1
99.8
173.2
97.8
139.2
126.3
125.6
99.5
176.5
99.1
139.8
126.4
126.4
100.0
178.0
99.0
140.8
127.1
126.9
99.9
178.9
99.1
140.8
127.4
125.7
98.7
180.2
100.1
141.4
128.6
126.2
98.2
181.3
100.1
141.0
128.7
127.2
988
182.6
100.2
141.8
117.3
114.1
97.3
179.4
101.0
152.9
120.6
118.7
98.5
183.9
101.6
152.5
116.1
114.9
99.0
169.2
99.1
145.7
117.0
114.8
98.1
171.9
99.8
146.9
116.8
114.0
97.6
174.6
100.5
149.4
116.0
113.2
97.6
176.5
100.8
152.1
117.5
113.6
96.7
179.4
101.3
152.7
118.0
114.5
97.0
180.4
101.3
152.8
117.6
115.1
97.9
181.3
100.8
154.1
118.6
116.7
98.3
182.2
100.9
153.6
120.7
118.2
97.9
183.5
102.0
152.1
121.7
119.6
98.2
184.8
102.1
151.8
121.4
120.6
99.3
185.0
101.6
152.5
106.8
124.8
116.9
172.3
97.0
165.8
161.2
179.1
133.1
161.8
106.9
127.1
118.9
176.5
97.5
169.2
165.1
181.3
133.2
164.9
105.9
120.5
113.7
164.8
96.5
160.1
155.7
173.1
138.5
157.5
105.5
120.9
114.6
166.6
96.7
162.6
157.9
176.4
130.3
158.7
105.8
122.1
115.5
168.3
96.9
163.8
159.1
177.5
130.5
159.8
106.0
123.1
116.1
169.9
97.0
164.9
160.3
178.5
129.3
160.6
106.5
124.2
116.6
171.6
96.9
165.8
161.1
179.8
130.2
161.6
107.8
126.0
116.8
173.1
97.2
165.0
160.5
178.3
141.7
162.2
107.0
126.1
117.8
174.5
97.0
167.2
163.0
179.8
131.2
162.9
106.9
126.9
118.7
175.4
97.1
168.3
164.0
181.1
131.7
164.0
106.8
126.6
118.5
176.1
97.8
168.6
164.8
179.9
132.3
164.3
106.9
127.0
118.8
176.8
97.7
169.8
165.4
182.6
135.8
165.7
Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nonfinancial corporations1
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator
The 1986 measures for nonfinancial corporations are preliminary.
' Not available.
142
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).
PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted annual rates
Percent change from
Previous quarter
Item
Same quarter, previous year
1985
IV
1985
I
1986
1986
1986
IV
1986
1985
IV
1985
I
1986
II
1986
1986
IV
1986
3.4
4.1
.7
4.4
2.0
1.0
3.7
1.9
-3.2
1.0
4.3
3.8
-.1
7.2
-4.3
3.0
3.3
4.7
1.4
2.5
.9
-.7
6.6
1.8
0.5
.3
-.2
2.8
4.2
2.3
-.7
1.2
-0.4
2.0
2.4
2.9
.4
3.3
3.7
3.4
-2.8
1.7
4.6
2.1
-.6
5.0
-10.2
-.5
1.7
3.4
1.7
4.4
1.0
2.6
2.8
2.7
0.9
3.0
2.1
4.4
.8
3.4
1.2
2.7
1.5
3.3
1.8
3.9
.8
2.4
2.5
2.4
1.0
2.5
1.6
3.4
1.7
2.4
1.2
2.0
0.0
2.0
2.0
3.0
1.3
3.0
1.2
2.4
0.1
2.2
2.0
2.6
1.2
2.4
-.3
1.5
2.2
4.0
1.8
3.2
.9
1.0
5.7
2.6
-3.5
1.0
4.6
3.7
-.2
7.4
-6.6
2.4
4.3
5.1
3.1
1.5
-1.2
9.3
2.3
.5
.6
.1
2.3
3.6
1.8
-.6
1.0
-.3
2.6
2.9
2.3
-.1
2.6
5.5
3.6
-2.2
1.9
4.3
2.7
.0
5.1
-10.2
-.4
1.0
3.1
2.1
4.0
.6
3.0
3.7
3.2
.2
2.8
2.6
3.9
.3
3.7
1.5
2.9
1.2
3.3
2.1
3.6
.5
2.5
3.1
2.7
.8
2.7
1.8
3.1
1.4
2.2
1.8
2.1
.2
2.3
2.1
2.8
1.2
2.6
1.7
2.3
.5
2.5
2.0
2.6
1.2
2.1
.7
1.6
4.4
4.3
-.1
5.6
3.2
1.2
-.3
2.4
2.7
2.8
-1.1
3.0
2.6
3.0
.4
2.1
.5
-.5
3.2
-.4
-3.5
2.7
4.1
-.5
3.6
2.9
-.6
2.4
.0
-1.1
-.1
3.3
3.4
2.1
-.6
2.2
4.4
3.2
-1.2
5.3
1.9
.9
4.0
3.4
-.6
4.5
1.0
.5
3.7
3.4
-.3
3.7
.6
.0
2.5
2.3
-.2
3.3
1.6
.8
2.3
2.0
-.3
2.5
.8
.2
2.3
2.2
-.1
2.3
1.0
.0
6.1
4.9
-1.1
7.8
5.4
1.6
.5
2.7
2.2
3.3
-.5
2.8
2.1
1.5
.6
3.2
2.5
3.0
.4
2.4
6.8
5.4
-1.2
5.6
2.1
6.2
5.0
-1.1
5.0
1.5
-1.1
-1.1
4.7
3.5
-1.1
4.1
.9
-.6
2.4
1.3
-1.1
4.0
2.4
1.6
1.8
.5
-1.3
2.7
1.0
1.7
3.7
1.8
-1.8
2.5
.0
-1.2
.9
1.8
.6
-1.2
2.6
1.3
.8
1.8
3.3
1.5
2.1
-.2
.3
-1.4
1.9
3.4
1.9
-1.9
3.4
3.5
5.6
2.0
2.2
.6
-1.3
7.0
5.3
-1.6
2.9
4.2
-3.9
3.6
4.8
1.2
2.7
.3
-.9
-1.2
3.4
4.6
.6
-2.0
1.9
.9
-.3
-1.1
4.9
1.5
4.0
.7
1.0
.3
3.8
.3
3.1
2.2
3.1
2.7
4.0
1.3
2.3
.6
-.4
3.1
4.4
1.2
2.4
.8
-.7
3.2
4.8
1.5
2.1
.7
-1.1
4.9
5.9
-2.8
.5
3.4
3.3
-.5
5.5
6.3
3.3
-26.4
1.7
-.5
2.6
3.1
2.0
.4
2.7
2.5
3.1
1.3
2.5
-.3
-1.1
-.8
1.6
.2
1.3
1.2
1.8
-.6
2.8
1.6
6.1
11.0
3.6
2.2
4.2
2.0
3.9
.5
1.5
1.6
1.1
8.7
2.2
1.2
3.3
2.1
3.7
.2
2.1
2.4
1.3
.3
2.0
1.7
2.6
1.0
1.7
2.3
-.9
.8
1.7
2.2
.5
2.9
3.1
2.4
-4.2
2.1
Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
.8
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
-.6
2.2
.6
.1
1.0
-3.8
-4.8
2.8
4.1
Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
.8
3.3
.2
1.0
Nonfinancial corporations1
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator
1.0
3.4
1.1
-1.9
-1.4
-3.3
40.1
1.7
The 1986 measures for nonfinancial corporations are preliminary.
Not available.
2.9
.6
1.9
-2.7
2.0
.7
()
2
.6
2.0
3.2
2.2
3.2
.1
2.1
2.3
1.5
1.8
2.1
.0
1.6
1.7
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).
143
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
184.3
38.5
8.7
23.2
10.1
5.2
9.9
7.9
6.6
10.5
7.3
7.6
10.1
8.8
7.0
11.2
7.6
7.6
9.9
8.7
6.8
11.1
7.5
7.5
27.6
29.0
12.1
11.7
12.0
103.2
52.4
16.4
126.8
66.7
20.7
125.5
65.3
20.7
6.7
5.4
5.4
7.9
6.7
6.7
7.8
6.6
6.7
1,064.0
54.5
87.6
253.8
36.8
105.0
3.1
6.7
16.8
3.1
101.2
2.8
6.0
18.9
3.9
98.2
2.3
6.1
18.7
3.8
10.0
5.9
7.9
6.8
8.6
9.6
5.2
6.9
7.5
10.6
9.2
4.3
7.0
7.4
10.4
13,381.7
1,277.0
225.2
292.1
4,077.0
145.3
1,023.4
326.1
867.9
647.3
151.6
1,022.3
862.2
797.8
176.5
178.2
180.7
180.2
13,563.0
1,300.4
223.9
290.3
4,152.0
148.7
1,034.8
330.4
878.9
654.4
152.0
1,035.7
868.3
806.9
179.2
180.2
183.1
182.3
1,018.7
54.5
30.2
45.2
289.0
25.2
68.4
23.6
58.8
49.0
21.9
52.9
44.6
55.1
10.8
13.4
26.9
13.8
917.3
52.5
29.9
40.7
230.0
22.9
64.5
23.6
56.9
46.6
22.2
56.4
41.7
48.2
10.8
11.3
24.3
14.0
908.6
45.8
29.0
40.4
277.0
22.7
56.9
20.3
51.4
43.1
20.3
49.1
36.3
42.9
10.0
10.8
23.5
12.5
7.7
4.4
13.4
16.1
7.2
17.7
6.8
7.4
7.0
7.7
14.8
5.3
5.1
6.8
6.1
7.6
15.1
7.9
6.9
4.1
13.3
13.9
5.6
15.7
6.3
7.2
6.6
7.2
14.6
5.5
4.8
6.0
6.1
6.3
13.4
7.8
6.7
3.5
13.0
13.9
6.7
15.3
5.5
6.1
5.8
6.6
13.3
4.7
4.2
5.3
5.6
6.0
12.8
6.9
1,683.3
128.7
891.5
1,703.7
131.4
906.4
1,698.5
131.3
902.4
129.2
8.4
57.3
158.8
9.4
76.4
163.4
9.4
78.5
7.7
6.5
6.4
9.3
7.2
8.4
9.6
7.1
8.7
1,699.8
226.3
407.8
74.1
264.7
112.5
101.1
1,723.6
227.8
419.9
73.5
264.3
116.5
101.6
1,716.1
226.7
417.7
73.6
263.9
115.4
100.9
79.9
12.6
17.2
4.1
12.3
3.7
7.0
68.3
11.3
14.8
3.5
9.6
3.1
5.6
68.9
11.6
14.9
3.5
9.9
3.1
5.8
4.7
5.6
4.2
5.5
4.6
3.3
6.9
4.0
5.0
3.5
4.8
3.6
2.6
5.5
4.0
5.1
3.6
4.7
3.7
2.7
5.8
311.0
273.7
323.0
281.4
324.9
282.9
18.6
18.2
12.1
12.3
11.4
12.6
6.0
6.6
3.7
4.4
3.5
4.5
District of Columbia
Washington
321.1
1,984.3
326.6
2,048.9
330.5
2,051.4
26.0
75.1
26.0
78.9
26.3
81.0
8.1
3.8
8.0
3.9
7.9
4.0
Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
5,390.5
133.6
565.6
118.7
96.9
399.1
168.6
164.5
866.8
492.8
137.6
105.5
110.8
886.4
356.0
5,665.9
140.5
590.2
131.3
101.3
422.6
173.9
165.1
890.3
533.4
144.3
109.4
117.7
931.6
385.2
5,722.0
144.0
597.1
134.6
102.5
428.2
175.0
165.3
893.0
542.0
144.9
111.3
119.9
941.6
386.3
289.8
6.1
25.1
5.0
3.4
19.6
15.0
8.4
56.0
21.9
8.5
4.1
3.9
43.8
17.7
327.5
7.7
27 A
5.3
3.7
22.9
15.3
11.7
57.7
26.4
10.5
4.2
4.7
51.4
19.2
299.7
7.1
24.2
4.9
4.0
23.0
13.7
10.4
49.7
24.5
10.3
3.9
4.8
48.1
17.1
5.4
4.6
4.4
4.2
3.5
4.9
8.9
5.1
6.5
4.4
6.2
3.9
3.5
4.9
5.0
5.8
5.5
4.6
4.1
3.7
5.4
8.8
7.1
6.5
4.9
7.3
3.9
4.0
5.5
5.0
5.2
5.0
4.1
3.6
3.9
5.4
7.8
6.3
5.6
4.5
7.1
3.5
4.0
5.1
4.4
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
1,835.8
430.3
121.5
205.8
129.9
67.1
1,869.7
440.2
126.6
210.1
134.4
69.2
1,865.7
439.7
126.5
209.7
134.2
69.1
181.2
34.1
8.0
21.6
9.4
5.1
188.1
38.8
8.8
23.6
10.3
5.3
246.9
236.4
242.9
29.8
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson
1,545.6
961.9
303.1
1,607.6
997.6
308.6
1,608.5
994.9
310.9
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
1,044.9
53.4
84.7
245.5
36.1
1,058.4
53.9
87.2
253.7
36.3
13,187.9
1,232.8
224.4
280.9
4,029.0
142.8
1,007.4
318.1
838.3
635.3
147.9
1,003.9
869.1
807.4
177.6
176.9
178.6
174.0
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
California1
Anaheim-Santa Ana ..,
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Delaware
Wilmington
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
See footnotes at end of table.
145
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
2,909.4
55.2
70.6
1,349.5
169.4
96.7
124.6
104.0
3,031.1
55.8
72.6
1,438.0
175.3
99.0
126.9
110.1
3,047.4
56.0
73.5
1,446.9
175.9
98.7
127.5
109.6
182.2
179.9
177.8
5.1
4.2
5.8
3.3
5.7
3.7
65.5
66.6
11.2
68.2
11.3
7.5
7.4
6.9
7.0
7.1
6.6
6.3
9.2
5.9
4.9
5.8
8.4
6.6
7.0
481.3
360.9
480.0
359.6
487.2
365.0
24.2
16.0
21.3
14.9
20.3
13.9
449.3
98.5
450.5
101.3
449.5
100.4
45.7
49.1
7.0
7.5
Illinois1
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ..
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur .
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria ...
Rockford
Springfield
5,631.9
166.5
63.5
85.4
3,069.1
184.3
60.0
189.1
44.6
243.2
155.0
145.1
104.6
5,583.5
170.7
62.8
83.4
3,066.6
180.0
57.7
187.2
43.1
244.3
151.5
145.6
103.2
5,561.0
169.2
62.5
84.8
3,054.8
178.9
57.5
186.4
43.0
243.4
151.0
145.1
103.0
569.2
15.9
459.4
12.3
Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie ..
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute
2,705.8
60.8
57.4
86.8
142.1
184.2
257.2
629.3
50.1
65.3
59.9
124.1
61.2
2,728.5
60.8
58.2
89.4
141.7
189.5
255.3
647.5
49.2
64.8
59.7
126.2
59.6
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
1,384.4
86.7
206.3
42.1
56.4
55.9
68.6
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka..
Wichita LMA
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro
Georgia
Albany
Athens ..
Atlanta
Augusta
.
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah
Hawaii
Honolulu
.
...
. . . .
Idaho
Boise City
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles . . ..
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport
. .
.
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
Maryland
Baltimore
See footnotes at end of table.
146
.
.
. .
9.8
8.1
8.3
7.3
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987p
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
5.9
5.8
10.3
10.1
4.6
4.6
6.4
7.5
5.8
6.2
5.0
4.7
6.4
7.1
5.5
6.0
5.0
4.4
4.4
4.1
4.2
3.8
48.3
10.2
10.9
10.8
7.1
7.1
7.4
7.0
463.9
12.2
10.1
8.2
7.2
5.7
5.3
7.2
9.0
8.3
7.2
5.3
5.3
7.3
8.7
10.6
10.8
4.6
4.9
3.6
4.5
3.3
4.5
268.3
23.2
221.6
16.3
223.3
15.6
9.5
7.3
5.8
8.7
12.6
12.4
7.4
6.1
6.2
17.5
15.4
16.2
9.3
8.2
8.7
6.0
4.3
4.4
13.4
10.0
10.3
16.3
17.6
15.2
13.0
14.2
12.9
13.0
14.4
13.1
6.7
11.4
10.5
8.1
6.5
6.2
7.7
5.3
9.4
8.9
6.3
5.4
9.5
9.0
6.0
2,701.5
59.6
58.7
89.6
141.2
187.6
250.0
640.5
48.6
64.9
59.2
125.2
59.0
222.4
204.8
201.7
4.9
3.2
5.4
5.0
2.8
4.5
4.9
2.7
4.6
12.1
11.5
30.5
39.9
10.8
10.8
33.9
36.2
11.6
10.9
30.9
35.5
8.2
8.0
5.6
6.2
8.5
6.3
7.5
8.3
4.8
5.0
7.6
5.7
7.5
8.2
4.5
5.2
8.3
5.8
11.8
13.3
12.4
6.3
5.1
3.3
5.2
8.7
5.9
4.3
2.7
4.8
7.4
4.7
4.1
2.6
4.9
7.8
4.3
10.3
5.6
8.8
4.2
8.1
5.8
7.9
5.5
8.5
4.0
8.2
6.2
7.4
1,414.1
89.4
217.4
43.9
54.6
58.4
69.0
1,421.1
89.3
217.3
43.7
58.0
58.5
69.6
128.5
100.3
89.6
7.1
5.4
5.0
14.8
11.6
10.1
9.3
8.2
7.2
4.6
2.0
5.5
9.8
3.4
1.4
4.4
7.4
3.1
1.3
4.1
6.5
11.0
3.6
9.8
7.1
6.0
5.3
7.8
2.6
7.6
14.3
10.7
6.3
5.6
4.6
7.2
2.2
7.0
9.4
1,206.5
37.0
85.4
220.0
1,215.6
37.7
87.5
223.4
1,236.5
38.9
88.7
228.0
74.7
78.0
73.6
1.6
5.1
1.6
4.9
1.7
4.8
13.6
14.9
14.5
6.2
4.3
6.0
6.2
6.4
4.4
5.6
6.7
6.0
4.3
5.4
6.4
1,665.7
175.5
485.4
45.4
1,679.3
174.5
487.9
44.7
1,676.0
174.8
485.1
44.6
190.0
11.0
42.1
181.8
11.5
39.8
191.3
11.7
41.0
11.4
10.8
11.4
6.3
8.7
6.6
8.2
6.7
8.4
5.9
5.4
6.3
13.0
12.2
14.2
1,967.1
58.9
261.4
77.5
109.5
75.1
68.5
603.0
167.9
1,943.3
60.5
260.0
74.7
101.4
73.1
68.1
594.0
164.6
1,940.7
60.7
261.1
75.3
101.0
72.6
69.2
590.6
164.4
242.0
288.6
277.3
12.3
10.1
11.1
13.5
13.9
10.5
10.2
11.9
14.9
11.9
12.1
21.1
16.8
15.3
12.4
11.8
14.0
14.3
11.7
11.5
20.7
15.9
14.7
12.0
11.3
13.5
536.3
39.8
111.2
535.6
39.4
113.1
2,285.3
1,118.6
2,374.5
1,155.5
5.1
8.7
7.0
9.6
6.0
7.2
7.1
29.1
10.4
10.9
10.5
31.5
15.8
17.0
11.2
29.9
15.6
16.0
10.7
7.2
8.5
8.3
61.6
20.0
69.9
23.0
66.6
22.2
533.9
39.2
112.7
33.1
36.4
31.3
3.1
3.4
3.0
3.9
2.6
3.4
6.2
7.7
3.0
6.8
7.7
3.4
5.9
6.5
3.0
2,374.0
1,152.4
123.0
69.5
125.3
67.7
128.8
67.5
5.4
6.2
5.3
5.9
5.4
5.9
9.9
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
117.4
47.0
4.0
5.6
2.3
8.0
5.9
6.0
1.7
10.0
7.4
4.3
3.5
4.6
7.8
4.7
5.2
3.9
7.7
4.9
4.6
3.9
4.1
3.3
4.5
7.7
5.5
4.6
4.2
7.3
4.7
4.3
3.8
3.9
3.1
4.2
7.4
5.1
4.5
4.0
7.3
4.3
4.1
3.6
357.9
6.2
4.7
6.2
158.4
24.6
22.4
5.0
5.7
14.2
7.3
17.5
392.9
7.2
5.0
6.4
178.2
21.7
24.0
5.5
6.1
16.0
8.3
19.5
9.3
4.9
9.9
9.7
8.3
11.3
7.5
9.7
6.1
7.5
11.6
10.5
8.1
4.0
7.7
8.2
7.3
12.2
6.8
8.0
5.1
6.1
11.0
9.6
8.9
4.6
8.2
8.6
8.2
10.8
7.2
8.8
5.5
6.8
12.2
10.7
152.1
13.2
66.0
2.9
6.7
140.4
11.4
61.3
2.6
6.6
141.2
12.2
62.4
2.7
6.5
7.0
13.1
5.2
5.2
7.8
6.4
11.2
4.7
4.6
7.3
6.4
12.1
4.8
4.7
7.1
1,147.7
193.7
129.8
14.3
145.9
17.0
139.9
16.6
11.5
7.5
12.7
8.8
12.2
8.6
2,521.6
806.8
41.0
1,241.6
117.7
2,515.2
807.7
40.5
1,234.1
117.8
179.0
42.4
3.9
97.7
6.2
174.9
46.6
3.6
93.3
6.3
168.9
41.1
3.4
91.9
6.2
7.3
5.4
9.6
8.1
5.5
6.9
5.8
8.8
7.5
5.4
6.7
5.1
8.4
7.4
5.3
392.4
399.5
401.8
39.3
40.5
38.8
10.0
10.1
9.7
776.1
115.8
307.9
783.2
114.5
312.2
791.8
116.8
314.3
50.4
4.5
19.6
44.4
4.2
17.9
46.3
4.5
17.8
6.5
3.9
6.4
5.7
3.6
5.7
5.9
3.8
5.7
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
522.7
300.6
132.6
551.6
321.1
137.2
554.9
323.5
138.0
39.3
21.9
9.5
36.1
20.2
8.9
36.5
20.8
8.7
7.5
7.3
7.2
6.6
6.3
6.5
6.6
6.4
6.3
New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester ..
543.4
89.9
117.5
554.9
91.5
122.6
556.0
91.4
122.8
19.9
3.4
3.9
16.2
2.6
3.8
15.2
2.4
3.5
3.7
3.8
3.3
2.9
2.8
3.1
2.7
2.6
2.9
New Jersey1
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
3,872.3
160.9
704.5
268.9
532.0
437.3
969.5
167.6
57.8
3,813.0
159.9
690.9
263.8
521.8
438.8
946.4
166.2
55.7
3,894.6
164.0
703.9
269.3
535.7
447.8
965.3
169.8
57.0
247.0
16.8
40.6
26.0
25.5
24.4
63.9
9.0
7.6
173.8
12.1
28.3
19.0
16.6
17.5
42.4
6.4
5.0
187.7
12.9
30.0
19.7
18.3
18.7
46.5
7.2
5.5
6.4
10.4
5.8
9.7
4.8
5.6
6.6
5.4
13.2
4.6
7.6
4.1
7.2
3.2
4.0
4.5
3.9
8.9
4.8
7.8
4.3
7.3
3.4
4.2
4.8
4.2
9.7
653.3
247.1
52.4
61.0
664.2
255.1
53.3
62.9
669.4
256.4
55.1
63.2
60.5
15.5
4.1
3.6
65.7
17.2
3.9
3.9
65.4
16.4
4.1
4.1
9.3
6.3
7.8
6.0
9.9
6.7
7.4
6.2
9.8
6.4
7.4
6.4
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
3,008.9
1,500.6
94.3
76.5
47.1
183.9
148.3
84.2
39.9
243.6
205.2
3,019.8
1,506.8
94.6
76.7
45.2
178.9
147.1
83.5
40.4
244.6
206.7
3,001.6
1,497.9
94.5
75.8
44.9
178.0
145.8
82.6
39.8
246.0
206.7
127.9
52.4
4.3
6.0
2.2
9.6
5.9
6.5
1.9
11.3
8.0
123.3
49.7
4.3
5.9
2.5
8.2
6.1
6.1
1.9
10.5
7.9
Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
4,287.7
147.5
60.1
73.2
2,069.5
199.5
325.2
60.4
108.3
226.8
66.2
177.3
4,416.5
155.7
61.2
75.0
2,158.6
202.4
331.4
62.0
111.9
233.3
67.0
182.0
4,431.0
155.8
61.4
75.1
2,162.7
200.2
332.1
62.0
112.2
235.2
67.5
182.9
399.8
7.2
6.0
7.1
171.8
22.6
24.5
5.8
6.6
16.9
7.6
18.6
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
2,162.4
100.7
1,279.5
55.1
86.4
2,196.9
101.7
1,307.7
56.9
90.7
2,194.7
100.1
1,306.6
56.6
91.5
Mississippi
Jackson
1,133.3
190.1
1,148.2
193.5
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield
2,457.6
783.6
41.1
1,213.2
112.5
Montana
Lincoln
Omaha
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
Feb.
1986
See footnotes at end of table.
147
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987^
8,298.7
406.5
126.6
434.3
38.7
49.4
1,368.1
3,848.2
3,198.0
122.6
125.1
491.5
313.2
133.1
8,499.4
419.3
126.6
440.8
40.3
51.2
1,416.2
3,946.8
3,270.0
126.6
126.7
496.7
323.2
135.7
8,389.1
3,172.5
84.9
588.9
503.3
382.3
3,226.6
85.2
605.2
506.8
393.7
3,259.5
86.1
611.0
511.8
312.7
43.1
79.8
33.3
Ohio1
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
413.5
126.1
440.5
39.9
50.2
1,408.9
3,864.0
3,195.0
126.2
125.6
493.6
319.8
134.7
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
609.5
25.0
523.8
23.0
9.9
7.1
30.2
2.5
3.9
51.3
264.7
243.0
6.6
4.7
36.9
3.4
4.6
69.4
295.0
267.0
7.6
5.7
30.7
25.8
27.1
23.4
Feb.
1987?
466.3
19.6
7.0
29.2
2.6
3.2
54.7
213.7
191.0
6.2
4.1
26.5
22.7
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987?
7.3
6.2
7.8
8.5
8.8
9.4
5.1
7.7
8.4
6.2
4.6
6.3
8.3
9.2
6.2
5.5
5.6
6.8
6.1
7.6
3.6
6.7
7.4
5.2
3.7
5.5
7.2
7.6
5.6
4.7
5.5
6.6
6.4
6.3
3.9
5.5
6.0
4.9
3.3
5.4
7.1
7.3
5.2
5.6
4.1
4.0
3.4
5.6
6.1
4.3
4.5
3.3
12.3
10.4
9.8
169.0
4.8
24.6
20.3
181.4
5.2
26.1
396.4
181.4
4.5
28.7
25.5
12.1
13.2
13.2
5.7
5.3
4.9
5.1
3.2
305.6
42.1
81.4
33.3
312.0
42.8
82.2
34.5
25.2
4.0
4.5
1.5
21.0
3.0
3.7
1.4
19.5
2.8
3.5
1.3
8.0
9.4
5.6
4.5
6.9
7.2
4.5
4.3
6.3
6.4
4.2
3.8
5,219.7
321.6
191.9
717.0
930.3
668.5
461.9
307.1
224.0
5,195.9
318.2
188.2
727.5
920.6
678.0
460.5
309.1
224.7
5,204.5
318.1
189.5
725.0
922.1
678.8
461.7
309.9
224.3
472.6
29.6
21.9
51.0
75.0
44.5
34.6
27.1
25.8
451.6
28.1
20.1
55.6
68.7
43.1
30.9
26.9
26.0
472.8
29.2
21.6
51.6
73.4
45.9
33.5
28.1
26.8
9.1
9.2
11.4
7.1
8.1
6.7
7.5
8.8
11.5
8.7
8.8
10.7
7.6
7.5
6.4
6.7
8.7
11.6
9.1
9.2
11.4
7.1
8.0
6.8
7.3
9.1
11.9
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
1,562.6
31.6
47.4
509.4
347.7
1,560.9
29.8
47.4
499.0
354.4
1,559.6
121.7
2.4
2.4
133.2
2.6
2.5
33.3
132.3
2.6
2.6
33.2
32.7
7.8
7.6
5.1
6.1
8.2
8.5
8.8
5.2
6.7
9.0
8.5
8.8
5.5
6.6
9.2
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem
1,317.0
130.7
599.4
119.5
1,370.5
136.8
627.3
125.1
1,365.0
136.1
626.6
125.1
133.5
13.4
47.5
12.4
115.0
10.1
42.0
11.1
101.9
10.1
9.0
37.6
9.7
10.3
7.9
10.4
8.4
7.4
6.7
8.8
7.5
6.6
6.0
7.8
Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
5,511.4
317.9
56.9
65.9
126.6
294.9
93.8
200.6
2,318.2
928.0
166.1
338.8
48.2
57.1
54.9
202.1
5,490.4
305.1
56.4
62.4
124.6
299.1
92.0
202.2
2,327.9
936.7
166.0
334.9
47.6
54.3
54.3
200.5
5,427.2
302.7
55.4
61.3
123.3
452.5
28.9
359.2
17.3
5.3
349.0
16.2
6.5
5.7
9.4
11.4
8.6
3.9
10.3
2.9
4.8
8.2
5.2
8.5
9.3
6.0
7.1
4.3
6.4
5.3
8.6
11.2
8.5
3.9
10.2
2.8
4.9
8.0
5.2
8.1
9.5
5.5
7.3
4.4
500.8
163.8
326.6
1
North Carolina .
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
See footnotes at end of table.
148
29.5
47.3
501.0
354.7
31.2
28.4
31.8
22.9
91.3
10.1
11.6
17.9
13.0
201.3
9.0
2,319.0
917.4
163.6
331.6
47.4
56.6
53.8
198.0
138.2
87.8
13.0
12.9
8.7
8.6
8.2
9.1
11.5
15.3
9.2
6.1
13.8
4.5
6.0
9.5
7.8
9.8
10.2
7.2
9.5
6.4
505.4
164.4
330.1
504.9
163.4
329.9
25.5
9.4
16.1
22.8
9.0
14.1
23.6
9.0
14.8
5.1
5.8
4.9
4.5
5.4
4.3
4.7
5.5
4.5
1,560.1
208.7
216.4
309.0
1,585.9
217.7
217.6
318.6
1,594.0
217.9
218.7
318.6
106.2
9.6
8.2
18.0
96.4
10.7
8.7
15.2
100.1
10.9
9.0
16.2
6.8
4.6
3.8
5.8
6.1
4.9
4.0
4.8
6.3
5.0
4.1
5.1
326.7
35.8
67.4
331.0
37.8
68.3
333.7
37.5
68.5
19.9
2.3
3.8
18.1
2.2
3.1
15.6
1.7
2.7
6.1
6.3
5.6
5.5
5.9
4.6
4.7
4.7
3.9
296.2
6.5
33.1
4.9
4.1
5.2
7.1
10.7
11.8
9.5
6.0
111.5
76.9
8.7
28.4
4.4
3.3
3.9
4.8
6.8
10.5
11.4
9.3
5.6
114.1
73.8
8.4
27.0
4.5
3.1
3.9
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
186.5
13.5
16.4
23.4
28.0
25.7
9.5
8.2
8.9
9.3
7.7
5.8
8.2
6.7
7.6
8.6
6.7
5.0
8.1
6.7
7.8
8.5
6.4
5.1
806.8
5.6
7.0
758.6
5.2
29.5
23.4
9.3
28.4
14.9
3.5
9.8
10.2
7.1
6.8
14.5
11.6
16.6
9.2
9.3
7.0
6.5
13.6
15.9
3.8
22.3
94.7
26.7
8.8
7.6
7.2
5.4
15.5
10.9
18.4
6.2
11.7
5.7
11.8
6.2
Feb.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987P
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis LMA
Nashville
2,252.7
196.7
207.9
270.0
417.7
488.5
2,297.2
201.2
209.6
275.1
433.2
503.0
2,304.4
200.3
209.6
275.0
434.6
508.4
213.8
16.1
18.5
25.1
32.1
28.6
187.4
13.6
16.0
23.6
29.2
25.4
Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
7,944.5
54.9
96.4
8,208.7
8,226.3
55.6
174.9
7.6
8.8
10.2
7.7
32.6
95.5
55.4
166.3
161.2
80.4
95.6
58.0
167.1
105.5
1,415.3
228.0
664.3
106.3
1,416.9
228.4
667.4
106.6
696.5
4.2
7.0
22.1
25.1
8.6
17.4
3.5
18.9
77.6
25.5
38.9
12.7
1,592.4
1,600.2
84.7
43.8
78.8
106.6
89.7
1,598.8
90.1
153.2
6.7
411.8
162.3
79.5
94.6
56.6
161.6
1,364.6
216.8
623.8
144.9
52.1
59.5
44.0
557.0
46.5
55.8
74.0
37.1
87.5
55.3
55.6
98.7
433.2
161.0
80.1
99.1
437.6
45.9
45.9
8.2
80.4
110.3
150.3
51.4
58.3
45.3
592.1
80.5
111.8
148.7
51.3
9.4
595.3
49.2
49.4
56.8
76.4
38.3
56.8
77.7
38.1
92.0
57.5
92.7
57.6
8.0
33.4
4.0
5.5
2.6
40.0
3.3
5.6
6.5
3.3
6.3
4.5
756.3
97.4
503.2
57.9
45.9
Jan.
1987
51.6
12.5
Feb.
1987P
6.9
21.9
8.6
21.5
89.1
26.1
49.1
12.1
161.5
7.3
8.4
12.1
9.6
7.9
6.9
13.4
6.7
11.7
7.8
11.8
10.9
8.5
19.3
12.7
6.9
10.7
15.6
6.0
12.9
6.3
11.4
7.4
11.3
10.1
8.1
18.3
4.1
8.0
5.4
29.7
5.4
8.5
3.1
48.9
4.1
5.2
8.1
4.0
7.3
5.1
18.6
12.0
7.5
23.0
7.7
9.3
5.9
7.2
7.1
10.1
8.8
8.8
7.2
8.1
49.3
6.7
29.3
56.3
9.0
32.2
57.2
8.9
33.3
6.7
6.9
6.0
7.4
9.2
6.4
7.6
9.2
6.6
5.9
9.3
3.4
51.7
4.3
5.4
7.6
9.4
7.4
21.7
11.4
15.9
7.5
8.7
8.8
9.5
9.9
10.8
8.7
9.3
11.7
6.6
20.0
10.6
14.7
6.7
8.2
8.3
9.2
10.5
10.4
7.9
8.9
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen
487.4
758.3
97.6
504.5
Vermont
Burlington
286.2
71.1
293.5
72.7
294.3
72.3
16.2
2.6
15.2
2.8
14.9
2.4
5.7
3.7
5.2
3.8
5.1
3.3
Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
2,822.9
61.4
50.4
68.9
557.8
2,874.0
62.6
49.7
114.5
2,866.2
62.6
49.3
68.9
565.6
411.6
116.9
116.9
158.8
2.9
5.8
4.4
28.7
18.8
5.7
154.4
2.4
4.2
4.0
30.8
18.5
5.8
158.2
2.3
4.4
4.6
30.8
19.4
5.8
5.6
4.7
11.5
6.3
5.1
4.7
4.9
5.4
3.8
8.4
5.8
5.4
4.5
5.0
5.5
3.6
8.9
6.6
5.4
4.7
4.9
Washington
Seattle
2,102.4
926.3
2,171.2
974.7
2,159.6
968.3
193.3
63.6
202.3
66.6
203.6
67.3
9.2
6.9
9.3
9.4
6.9
743.7
116.1
127.5
71.8
72.5
749.9
744.1
108.8
117.5
127.6
72.1
71.4
116.5
126.8
72.3
71.2
13.6
97.8
11.7
16.3
8.4
8.2
93.8
11.6
16.8
8.6
8.1
14.6
11.7
13.7
12.7
13.6
13.0
9.9
12.7
11.7
11.5
12.6
9.9
13.3
11.9
11.3
2,345.5
155.3
65.7
2,404.8
158.0
718.5
84.4
52.5
57.5
206.5
13.0
5.4
7.0
6.6
9.6
3.6
10.7
48.4
8.5
4.0
5.6
191.9
12.5
5.6
7.8
84.3
50.6
55.7
2,406.1
157.8
69.8
100.5
68.7
51.8
50.3
205.0
721.8
85.3
52.1
58.0
10.0
45.7
7.2
3.1
5.6
191.7
12.2
5.4
7.6
6.1
5.4
3.2
9.9
44.6
7.0
3.7
5.4
8.8
8.3
8.2
7.2
9.5
18.3
7.1
5.3
6.9
10.1
7.8
10.0
8.0
7.9
8.0
7.8
8.6
9.7
6.7
4.9
6.3
8.4
6.0
9.6
8.0
7.7
7.8
7.6
8.8
10.3
6.4
4.8
6.2
8.3
7.1
9.4
242.9
238.4
239.5
23.3
25.3
26.2
9.6
10.6
11.0
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
1
738.3
96.7
400.9
97.1
68.6
52.4
50.3
200.7
701.0
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1986 have been
69.4
567.4
412.7
69.5
101.0
68.7
52.6
50.1
206.2
17.5
9.1
9.9
benchmarked to
11 States and
provisional and
available. Area
publication.
5.9
5.0
3.3
1986 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the
2 areas designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1987 are
will be revised when new benchmark information becomes
definitions are published annually in the May issue of this
149
Explanatory Notes
Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2)
reports from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained
from a sample survey of the population 16 years of age
and over. The survey is conducted each month by the
Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics
and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the
employed, and the unemployed, including such
characteristics as age, sex, race, family relationship,
marital status, occupation, and industry attachment.
The survey also provides data on the characteristics and
past work experience of those not in the labor force.
The information is collected by trained interviewers from
a sample of about 59,500 households, representing 729
areas in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with
coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia. The
data collected are based on the activity or status
reported for the calendar week including the 12th of the
month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled
each month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The
establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly earnings,
and average weekly earnings for the Nation, States, and
metropolitan areas. The employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based on payroll reports from a
sample of 250,000 establishments employing over 38
million nonagricultural wage and salary workers. The
data relate to all workers, full or part time, who received
pay during the payroll period which includes the 12th
day of the month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data supplement
one another, each providing significant types of information that the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily obtained
only from the household survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from
establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of differences in definitions and coverage,
sources of information, methods of collection, and
estimating procedures. Sampling variability and
response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies.
The major factors which have a differential effect on
the levels and trends of the two series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment comprises wage and salary workers (including
domestics and other private household workers), selfemployed persons, unpaid workers who worked 15
hours or more during the survey week in familyoperated enterprises, and members of the Armed Forces
stationed in the United States. Civilian employment in
both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary
employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural
establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without
duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons holding more than one job are counted only once
and are classified according to the job at which they
worked the greatest number of hours during the survey
week. In the figures based on establishment reports,
persons who worked in more than one establishment
during the reporting period are counted each time their
names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes among the employed all civilians who had jobs
but were not at work during the survey week—that is,
were not working but had jobs from which they were
temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or because they
were taking time off for various other reasons, even if
they were not paid by their employers for the time off.
In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave
paid for by the company are included, but not those on
leave without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences
between household and establishment survey employment data, see Gloria P. Green's article "Comparing
Employment Estimates From Household and Payroll
Surveys," Monthly Labor Review, December 1969.
151
Hours of work
The household survey measures hours actually worked whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for
by employers. In the household survey data, all persons
with a job but not at work are excluded from the hours
distributions and the computations of average hours. In
the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory
employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick
leave are included and assigned the number of hours for
which they were paid during the reporting period.
Earnings
The household survey measures median earnings of
wage and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both the private and public sectors. Data
refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's
sole or primary job. Data from the establishment survey
generally refer to average earnings of production and
related workers in mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in private service-producing industries. For a
comprehensive discussion of the household survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the Quarterly
Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population
Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113.
COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total
from the household survey includes all persons who did
not have a job at all during the survey week and were
looking for work or were waiting to be called back to a
job fron\ which they had been laid off, whether or not
they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures
on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the
Employment and Training Administration of the
Department of Labor, exclude persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have not
earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons
losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance
systems (some workers in agriculture, domestic services,
and religious organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family workers). Beginning in January 1978,
coverage was extended to include domestic workers
whose employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in any
calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose
employers engaged 10 or more workers in 20 weeks or
paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any calendar
quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of
unemployment used in the household survey. For example, persons with a job but not at work and persons
working only a few hours during the week are
152
sometimes eligible for unemployment compensation but
are classified as employed rather than unemployed in
the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences
between State insured unemployment and total
unemployment, see * 'Measuring Total and State Insured
Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971
issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the Department
of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are
the inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and
Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual
jobholders, who are counted more than once if they
work on more than one farm during the reporting
period. There are also wide differences in sampling
techniques and collecting and estimating methods,
which cannot be readily measured in terms of their impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two
series.
COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the
Census, BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from employment counts derived by the Bureau of
Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons
for noncomparability are different treatment of
business units considered parts of an establishment,
such as central administrative offices and auxiliary
units, the industrial classification of establishments, and
different reporting patterns by multiunit companies.
There are also differences in the scope of the industries
covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and financial
establishments, whereas these are included in the BLS
statistics.
County Business Patterns. Data in County Business
Patterns (CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census,
U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS
establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may
also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate
railroads and government, and coverage is incomplete
for some of the nonprofit activities.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance
programs. Most nonagricultural wage and salary
workers are covered by the unemployment insurance
programs. However, certain activities, such as interstate
railroads, parochial schools, and churches are not
covered by unemployment insurance whereas these are
included in the BLS establishment statistics.
Household Data
(A tables)
Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the
Statistics on the employment status of the population,
survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in
the personal, occupational, and other characteristics of
their own business, profession, or on their own farm, or
the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the
who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an
labor force, and related data are compiled for the BLSby
enterprise operated by a member of the family; and (b)
the Bureau of the Census in its Current Population
all those who were not working but who had jobs or
Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey apbusinesses from which they were temporarily absent
pears in Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, laborStatistics Derived from the Current Population Survey, management disputes, or personal reasons, whether
BLS Report 463. Historical national data are published
they were paid for the time off or were seeking other
in Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current
jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
Population Survey: A Databook, BLS Bulletin 2096.
United States are also included in the employed total.
These monthly surveys of the population are conEach employed person is counted only once. Those
ducted with a scientifically selected sample designed to
who held more than one job are counted in the job at
represent the civilian noninstitutional population.
which they worked the greatest number of hours during
Respondents are interviewed to obtain information
the survey week.
about the employment status of each member of the
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign
household 16 years of age and over. The inquiry relates
countries who are temporarily in the United States but
to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday
not living on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are
through Saturday, which includes the 12th of the
persons whose only activity consisted of work around
month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field
the house (painting, repairing, or own home
interviewing is conducted in the following week.
housework) or volunteer work for religious, charitable,
Inmates of institutions and persons under 14 years of
and similar organizations.
age are not covered in the regular monthly enumeraUnemployed persons are all civilians who had no
tions, and are excluded from the population and labor
employment during the survey week, were available for
force statistics shown in this report. Data on the
work, except for temporary illness, and had made
members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
specific efforts to find employment sometime during
States, who are included as part of the categories
the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be
"noninstitutional population/' "labor force," and
recalled to a job from which they had laid off or were
"total employment." are obtained from the Departwaiting to report to a new job within 30 days need not
ment of Defense.
be looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Each month about 59,500 occupied units are eligible
Duration of unemployment represents the length of
for interview. About 2,500 of these households are time (through the current survey week) during which
visited but interviews are not obtained because the oc- persons classified as unemployed had been continuously
cupants are not at home after repeated calls or are looking for work. For persons on layoff, duration of
unavailable for other reasons. This represents a unemployment represents the number of full weeks
noninterview rate for the survey of between 4 or 5 per- since the termination of their most recent employment.
cent. In addition to the 59,500 occupied units, there are A period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was
11,000 sample units in an average month which are employed or ceased looking for work is considered to
visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not to be break the continuity of the present period of seeking
enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month. work. Measurements of mean and median duration are
The rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sam- computed from a distribution of single weeks of
ple to be common from 1 month to the next and one unemployment.
half to be common with the same month a year earlier
Unemployment is also categorized according to the
status of individuals at the time they began to look for
work. The reasons for unemployment are divided into
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force four major groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose
data have been modified, but not substantially altered, employment ended involuntarily who immediately
since the inception of the survey in 1940; those used began looking for work, and persons on layoff. (2) Job
leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated
since 1967 are as follows:
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
153
their employment voluntarily and immediately began
looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who
previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or
longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning
to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who
never worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or
longer. Each of these four categories of the unemployed
may be expressed as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the
four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all
civilian workers.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made
specific efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week
period preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include those persons unemployed because they (a) were
waiting to be called back to a job" from which they had
been laid off or (b) were waiting to report to a new job
within 30 days. Jobseekers are grouped by the methods
used to seek work, including going to a public or private
employment agency or to an employer directly, seeking
assistance from friends or relatives, placing or answering ads, or utilizing some other method. Examples of
the Vother" category include being on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup
point.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians
classified as employed or unemployed in accordance
with the criteria described above. The labor force also
includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States.
The overall unemployment rate represents the
number unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States.
The unemployment rate for all civilian workers
represents the number unemployed as a percent of the
civilian labor force. This measure can also be computed
for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, marital status, etc.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the
population that is in the labor force. The labor force
participation rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian labor force participation
rate is the ratio of the civilian labor force to the civilian
noninstitutional population. Civilian labor force participation rates are usually published for sex-age groups,
often cross-classified by other demographic
characteristics such as race and educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of the noninstitutional population that is
employed. The total employment-population ratio is
total employment, including the resident Armed Forces,
154
as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The
civilian employment-population ratio is the percentage
of all employed civilians in the civilian noninstitutional
population.
Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not
classified as employed or unemployed. These persons
are further classified as engaged in own home
housework, in school, unable to work because of longterm physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The
"other" group includes individuals reported as too old
or temporarily unable to work, the voluntarily idle,
seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an
off season and who were not reported as looking for
work, and persons who did not look for work because
they believed that no jobs were available in the area or
that no jobs were available for which they could
qualify—discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid family work (less than 15 hours in the
specified week) are also classified as not in labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous
work experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a
job at the time of interview, and reasons for not looking
for work are published on a quarterly basis. As of
January 1970, the detailed questions for persons not in
the labor force are asked only in those households that
are in the fourth and eighth months of the sample, i.e.,
the "outgoing" groups, those which had been in the
sample for 3 previous months and would not be in for
the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969 these
questions were asked in those households entering the
sampie for the first time and those returning for the second 4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming"
groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the
employed apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in the job at
which they worked the greatest number of hours during
the survey week. The unemployed are classified according to their last full-time job lasting 2 weeks or more.
The classifications of occupations and industries used in
data derived from the CPS are defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed categories included in
these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and
salary workers subdivided into private and government
workers; self-employed workers; and unpaid family
workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages,
salary, commission, tips, or pay in kind from a private
employer or from a government unit. Self-employed
persons are those who work for profit or fees in their
own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm.
Unpaid family workers are persons working without
pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a
business operated by a member of the household to
whom they are related by birth or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number
of hours worked during the survey week. For example,
persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were
off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as
working 32 hours even though they were paid for the
holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the
figures relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs
during the week; all the hours are credited to the major
job.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the
survey week are designated as working full time. Persons who worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated
as working part time. Part-time workers are classified
by their usual status at their present job (either full or
part time) and by their reason for working part time
during the survey week (economic or noneconomic
reasons). Economic reasons include: Slack work,
material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start
or termination of a job during the week, and inability to
find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons include:
Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation,
demands of home or school, no desire for full-time
work, and full-time worker only during peak season.
Persons on full-time schedules include, in addition to
those working 35 hours or more, those who worked
from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic reasons and usually
work full time.
Data on employment "at work" differ from data on
total employment because they exclude persons in the
zero-hours-worked category, "with a job but not at
work." These are persons who were absent from their
jobs for the entire week for such reasons as bad
weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor
dispute.
Employed persons are also categorized into full- and
part-time groupings based primarily on their usual
status. In this context, full-time workers are those who
(a) worked 35 hours or more during the survey week, (b)
worked 1 to 34 hours for economic or noneconomic
reasons, but usually work full time, and (c) were with a
job but not at work and usually work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who (a) voluntarily
worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually work
part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time
work; and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually work part time.
Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers
are calculated using the concepts of the full- and parttime labor force which are based on the type of
job—full or part-time—that persons—-whether working
or unemployed—report that they want. The "full-time
labor force" includes all persons working part time but
who desire full-time work, that is, working part time for
economic reasons. Thus, this category consists of per-
sons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily
working part time regardless of their usual status; and
unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The "parttime labor force" consists of persons working part time
voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time
work. Employed persons with a job but not at work are
distributed according to whether they usually work on
full-time or voluntary part-time schedules.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours
lost to the economy through unemployment and involuntary part-time employment and is expressed as a
percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is
computed by assuming that; (1) unemployed persons
looking for full-time work lost an average of 37.5 hours,
(2) those looking for part-time work lost the average
number of hours actually worked by voluntary parttime workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on
part time for economic reasons lost the difference between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they
worked.
White, blackt and other are terms used to describe the
race of workers. Included in the "other" group are
American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and
Pacific Islanders. All tables in this publication which
contain racial data, with the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data for the black population
group. Because of their relatively small sample size,
data for "other" races are not published. In the
enumeration process, race is determined by the
household respondent.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified
themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican,
Puerto Rican living on the mainland, Cuban, Central or
South American, or of other Hispanic origin or descent.
Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race; thus
they are included in both the white and black population
groups.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the
Armed Forces of the United States between August 5,
1964, and May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the
civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are
men who never served in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from
responses to the question "How much does . . . USUALLY earn per week at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime pay, commissions, or tips
usually received. The term "usual" is as perceived by
the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition
of usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term
as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or
5 months. Data refer to wage and salary workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who usually
work full time on their sole or primary job.
Median earnings indicate the value which divides the
earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part hav155
ing values above the median and the other having values
below the median. The medians as shown in this
publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the
$50 centered interval within which each median falls.
Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and
other marital status are terms used to define the marital
status of individuals at the time of interview. Married,
spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were
reported as members of the same household even
though one may be temporarily absent on business,
vacation, on a visit, in a hospital, etc. Other marital
status applies to persons who are married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse absent, includes persons who are separated because of marital
discord, as well as persons who are living apart because
either the husband or the wife was employed and living
away from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or had a
different place of residence for any reason.
A household consists of all persons—related family
members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a
housing unit. A house, an apartment, a group of rooms,
or a single room is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as separate living
quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in
whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The
term is never applied to either husbands or wives in
married-couple families but relates only to persons in
families maintained by either men or women without a
spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons
residing together who are related by birth, marriage, or
adoption; all such persons are considered as members of
one family even though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married couple or a parent-child group
related by birth or marriage to the householder and
sharing the living quarters. The count of families used in
this publication excludes unrelated subfamilies such as
lodgers, guests, or resident employees living in a
household but not related to the householder. Families
are classified either as married-couple families or as
families maintained by women or men without spouses.
A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in
which the householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married, spouse absent. Data on the earnings
of families exclude all those in which there is no wage or
salary earner or in which the husband, wife, or other
persons maintaining the family is either self-employed
or in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in
tracted areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD'S) in untracted areas, in which 20 percent or more of the
noninstitutional residents were poor according to the
156
1980 decennial census. Persons were classified as poor
or nonpoor by comparing money income to a series of
poverty income thresholds which vary by family size
and number of children. While poverty areas have a
substantial concentration of low-income residents,
many poor persons live outside these areas, and, conversely, the areas include many people who are not
poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the
total of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA's) as
defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
as of June 30, 1984. These definitions differ from those
used in the 1980 decennial census. A detailed discussion
of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology
can be found in "The New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980 Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan Statistical Areas,
PC-S1-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist of the total
territory outside MSA'S.
The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census,
comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in
places of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized
areas. More specifically, the urban population consists
of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New York), and towns (except in the
New England States, New York, and Wisconsin), but
excluding those persons living in the rural portions of
extended cities; and (2) other territories, incorporated
and unincorporated, included in urbanized areas. The
population not classified as urban constitutes the rural
population.
HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Change in lower age limit
The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor
force, employment, and unemployment was raised from
14 to 16 years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical series have been revised to provide consistent information based on the population 16 years and
over. For a detailed discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced at that time, including
estimates of their effect on the various series, see "New
Definitions for Employment and Unemployment,"
Employment and Earnings and Monthly Report on the
Labor Force, February 1967.
Njoncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there
are several other periods of noncomparability in the
labor force data: (1) Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from the 1950 census into the estimating
procedures, population levels were raised by about
600,000; labor force, total employment, and
agricultural employment were increased by about
350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and
men; other categories were relatively unaffected. (2)
Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii
resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and about 300,000 in the labor force, four-fifths of
this increase was in nonagricultural employment; other
labor force categories were not appreciably affected. (3)
Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the
1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and
labor force and employment by about 200,000;
unemployment totals were virtually unchanged. (4)
Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census
was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by about 800,000; labor force and
employment totals were raised by a little more than
300,000; and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent population adjustment based on the 1970 census was introduced in March
1973. This adjustment, which affected the white and
black-and-other groups but had little effect on totals,
resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white
population and an increase of the same magnitude in the
black-and-other population. Civilian labor force and
total employment figures were affected to a lesser
degree; the white labor force was reduced by 150,000,
and the black-and-other labor force rose by about
210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not
significantly affected.
In addition, beginning in January 1974, the
methodology used to prepare independent estimates of
the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to
an inflation-deflation approach. This change in the
derivation of the estimates had its greatest impact on
estimates of 20- to 24-year-old men—particularly those
of the black-and-other population—but had little effect
on'estimates of the total population 16 years and over.
Additional information on the adjustment procedure
appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from
Inflation-Deflation Method of Estimation", in the
February 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration
of Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total
and black-and-other independent population controls
for persons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by
76,000—30,000 men and 46,000 women. The addition
of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all
of the changes were in the other population.
Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation
procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in
the civilian labor force and employment totals;
unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural changes and
an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in
the Current Population Survey in January 1978" in the
February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual
was determined by the household respondent for the incoming rotation group households, rather than by the
interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to
provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by
race. Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample
households had race determined by the household
respondent and seven-eighths of the sample households
had race determined by interviewer observation. It was
not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race
determined by the household respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio
estimation method was changed in the CPS estimation
procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for metropolitan and
nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for the total United
States. The reasoning behind the change and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the
February 1979 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the
February 1982 issue of Employment and Earnings. In
addition, current population estimates used in the
second-stage estimation procedure are derived from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than
the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases in total population and estimates of persons in
all labor force categories. Rates for labor force
characteristics, however, remained virtually unchanged.
Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted back to
1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment
procedure used is also described in the February 1982
article cited above. The revisions did not, however,
smooth out the breaks in series occurring between 1972
and 1979 that are described above, and data users
should make allowances for them in making certain
data comparisons.
Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment methodology was updated to account for
results obtained from the 1980 census. The purpose of
the change and an indication of its effect on national
estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. Inhere were only slight differences
between the old and new procedures in estimates of
levels for the various labor force characteristics and vir157
tually no differences in estimates of participation rates.
Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the
CPS estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first and second-stage ratio adjustments, and
the composite estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes and an indication of
their effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Changes in Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of this
publication. Overall, the revisions had only a slight effect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on
estimates of persons of Hispanic origin. Major
estimates were revised back to January 1980.
Beginning in January 1986, the population controls
used in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology
were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number
of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since
1980 and an improved estimate of the number of legal
foreign-born emigrants for the same time period. As a
result, the total civilian population and labor force
estimates were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian
employment was increased by about 350,000. The
Hispanic-origin civilian population and labor force
estimates were raised by about 425,000 and 305,000,
respectively, and civilian employment by 270,000.
Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and rates
were not significantly affected. Because of the
magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data have
been revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An explanation of the changes and their effect on
estimates of labor force characteristics appears in
"Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the
February 1986 issue of this publication.
and February 1972 issues, respectively, of Employment
and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census
were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from
those developed for the 1970 census which were used in
the CPS from January 1971 through December 1982.
The 1980 census occupational classification system
evolved from the Standard Occupational Classification
system (soc). While the CPS occupational data are now
comparable with other data sources, the new system is
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Changes in the sample design
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational
employment data was affected as a result of changes in
the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were introduced into the CPS. Comparability
was further affected in December 1971, when a question
relating to major activity or duties was added to the
monthly CPS questionnaire in order to determine more
precisely the occupational classification of individuals.
As a result of these changes, meaningful comparisons of
occupational employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and prior years nor between those 2
years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of the changes in the
occupational classification system, see *'Revisions in
Occupational Classifications for 1971" and * 'Revisions
in the Current Population Survey" in the February 1971
158
so radically different in concepts and nomenclature
from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical
data are not possible without major adjustments. For
example, the 1980 major group "sales occupations" is
substantially larger than the 1970 category "sales
workers". Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors
in retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980
census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system, as modified in 1977. The
adoption of the new system had much less of an adverse
effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most notable changes from the
1970 system were the transfer of farm equipment stores
from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal service from
"public administration" to "transportation", and
some interchange between "professional and related
services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational and industrial classification systems appears in
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning
in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Since the inception of the survey, there have been
various changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of
these changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the
reliability of the sample estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census
is to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of
sample areas and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally. In 1953, the current rotation plan
wsfs introduced in which a sample unit is interviewed for
4 months, leaves the sample for 8 months, and then
returns to the sample for another 4 months. When
Alaska and Hawaii achieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to account for the population in
these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major
portion of the sample from census address lists was
begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected
using area sampling. Following the 1970 census, the
ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous cluster of six housing units to a usually contiguous cluster of four housing units. In January 1978, a
supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in
24 States and the District of Columbia and designed to
provide more reliable annual average estimates for
States, was incorporated into the design. In October
1978 a coverage improvement sample, composed of approximately 450 sample household units which
represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and
600,000 new construction housing units, was included in
computing the estimates in order to provide coverage of
mobile homes and new construction units that previously had no chance for selection in the CPS sample selected
from the 1970 census frame. In January 1980, another
supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected in 32
States and the District of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample reduction of about 6,000 units
was implemented in May 1981. Beginning in January
1982, the sample was expanded by 100 households to
provide additional coverage in counties added to
SMSA's, which were redefined in 1973.
Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was^
selected based on 1980 census information rather than
1970 census information. The selection of new sample
areas provided an opportunity to improve the efficiency
of the sample design. Sample areas chosen to replace incoming sample areas account for only 10 percent of the
national estimate. The new CPS sample has resulted in
increased reliability for State estimates with a slightly
reduced sample size. The reliability of national
estimates is unaffected. Sample households are chosen
from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973
geographic areas in the United States. This current
number of sample areas is not completely comparable to
the old number of sample areas since many of the sample areas have been redefined. (See pp. 7-10 of the May
1984 issue of Employment and Earnings, for an over^
view of these new definitions and the introduction of the
new sample.)
Table A provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use during the different data collection periods. A more detailed account of the history
of the CPS sample design appears in the Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Technical Paper
No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or Concepts and
Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived From
the Current Population Survey, Report 463, Bureau of
Labor Statistics.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of
the results for a given month become available
simultaneously and are based on returns from the entire
panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data from each sample person by
the inverse of the probability of the person being in the
sample. This gives a rough measure of the number of actual persons that the sample person represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons within the same
State will have the same probability of selection. These
estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the
ratio estimation procedure is applied.
1. I^oninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed households are adjusted to the extent needed to
account for occupied sample households for which no
information was obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability of the
respondents for other reasons. This noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations of similar
sample areas that are not necessarily contained within a
State. Similarity of sample areas is based on
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size.
Within each combination of sample areas there is a further breakdown by residence, MSA sample areas are
categorized by central city and the balance of the MSA.
Residence categories of non-MSA areas are urban and
rural. The proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent, depending on
weather, vacation, etc.
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population
selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by
chance, from that of the population as a whole, in such
characteristics as age, race, sex, and residence. Since
these characteristics are closely correlated with labor
force participation and other principal measurements
made from the sample, the survey estimates can be
substantially improved when weighted appropriately by
the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages
of ratio estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of
the 729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas
not in the sample; the remainder of the sample areas
represent only themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was designed to reduce the portion of the
variance resulting from requiring sample areas to represent nonsample areas. Therefore, this procedure is not
applied to sample areas which represent only
themselves. The adjustment is made at the State level
for each of the 43 States which contains nonsample
areas by race cells of black and non-black. The procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell at
the time of the 1980 census between the race distribution
of the population in sample areas and the known race
distribution of the State.
159
Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date
Time period
Aug.1947 to Jan.1954 .
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956 .
May 1956 to Dec. 1959 .
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963 .
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966.
Jan. 1967 to July 1971 .
Aug. 1971 to July 1972 .
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977,
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979 .
Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981.
May 1981 to Dec. 1984 .
Jan. 1985 to present .
Households eligible
Number of sample
areas
Interviewed
Not interviewed
Households visited but
not eligible
68
230
330
2
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000
500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6.00P
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000
1
1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in each State and the District of Columbia.
2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and
Hawaii after statehood.
b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted to the distribution of independent current
estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population in
the same categories. The second-stage ratio adjustment
which is performed to further reduce variability of the
estimates and to correct to some extent for CPS undercover age relative to the decennial census, is carried out
in three steps. In the first step, the sample estimates are
adjusted within each State and the District of Columbia
to an independent control for the population 16 years
and over. The second step involves an adjustment by Hispanic origin to a national estimate for 8
age-sex categories by Hispanic and non-Hispanic. In the
third step, a national adjustment is made by the race
categories of white, black, and other races to independent estimates by age and sex. The white and black
categories contain 32 age-sex groups each while the
other races category has 6 age-sex cells. The entire
second-stage adjustment procedure is iterated six times,
each time beginning at the weights developed the
previous time. This ensures that the sample estimates 6f
the population for both State and national age-sex-raceorigin categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure incorporates changes instituted in
January 1985. The nature and effect of these changes
are discussed in detail in " Changes in Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of Employment and Earnings.
The controls by State for ttje civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend in the growth of this segment of
the population from the April 1, 1980, census through
the latest available July 1 estimate, adjusted as a last
step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of this
group. State estimates by age for July 1 are published
annually in Current Population Reports, Series P-25.
For a description of the methodology used in developing
the State total, use Report 640 of that series. A description of the age estimates methodology is available upon
request from the Chief of the Population Division, U.S.
Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. 20233.
Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control
for Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These
Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the
1980 census count for Hispanics by adding estimated
Hispanic births and immigrants and subtracting
estimated Hispanic deaths and emigrants to yield an
estimate of the Hispanic population by age and sex.
During the period from January 1982 to December
1984, the * 'inflation-deflation'' method was temporarily discontinued in the preparation of the independent
national controls used for the age-sex-race groups in the
third step of the second-stage ratio estimation procedure. These controls were prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census data after taking account of subsequent aging of the population, births, deaths, and net
migration and then subtracting the estimate for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in
January 1985, the "inflation-deflation" method of
deriving independent population controls was reintroduced into the CPS estimation procedure. With the
"inflation-deflation" method, the independent controls
are prepared by inflating the 1980 census counts to include estimated undercounts by age, sex and race, aging
this population forward to each subsequent month and
later age by adding births and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These post-censal population estimates
are then deflated to census level to reflect the pattern of
net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex,
and race. Because an estimate of undercount is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex group
is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method.
Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age
structure of the undercount, but not the level. This
feature of the method is important since the exact
amount of undercount in the 1980 census remains
unknown.
160
Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and
the estimate date are based on tabulations of vital
statistics for the resident population made by the National Center for Health Statistics and data on deaths of
military personnel overseas from the Department of
Defense. Estimates of net civilian immigration are based
on data provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Department of Defense, the Office of
Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning
Board. The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas. The institutional
population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived from the 1980 census to the total
population, including Armed Forces overseas for the
estimate date. All computations described above are
performed in cells defined by single year of age, race,
and sex. The independent national control totals are
then obtained by collapsing these cells into broader age
groups for the population 16 years and older.
Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced into the estimation of the independent population controls. For the first time, an explicit allowance
for net undocumented immigration since April 1, 1980
(the census date) was added to the estimated level of
legal immigration. In addition, an increase in the
estimate of emigration of legal foreign-born residents
has been incorporated into the postcensal population
estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of these
changes are discussed in detail in ''Changes in the
Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue
of Employment and Earnings.
3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics
for a given month, a composite estimating procedure is
used which takes account of net changes from the
previous month for continuing parts of the sample (75
percent), as well as the sample results for the current
month. Also included is an additional term which is an
estimate of the net difference between incoming and
continuing parts oi the current month's sample. Almost
all estimates o{ month-to-month change are improved
by this procedure, and most estimates of level are also
improved, but to a lesser extent.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equall
the totals shown in the same tables because of indepen*
dent rounding of totals and components to the nearest
thousand. Similarly, sums of percent distributions may
not always equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate
based on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling.
The standard errors provided primarily indicate the
magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially
measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in
response and enumeration but do not measure any
systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is unknown, but special studies have been conducted
to quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the
CPS, as discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative change, such
as-month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels
would be more severely affected by the nonsampling
error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to
many sources, e.g., inability to obtain information
about all cases in the sample, definitional difficulties,
differences in the interpretation of questions, inability
or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall information, errors made
in collection such as in recording or coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made in
estimating values for missing data, and failure to represent all sample households and all persons within sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase
of the survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is used to estimate various
sources of error as well as to evaluate and control the
work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected through reinterview at
regular intervals. The results indicate, among other
things, that the data published from the CPS are subject
to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS
reinterview program and some of the other results may
be found in the Current Population Survey Reinterview
Program, January 1961 through December 1966.
Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in the CPS data can be examined as a result of the
rotation plan used for the sample, since the level of the
estimates varies by rotation group. A description of
these effects appears in the "The Effects of Rotation
Group Bias on Estimates from Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American Statistical
Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households.
Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage is about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS
undercoverage varies with age, sex, race and Hispanic
origin. Generally, undercoverage is larger for men than
for women, and larger for blacks, Hispanics and other
161
races combined than for whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-race-origin population controls, as
described previously, partially corrects for the biases
due to survey undercoverage. However, biases exist in
the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed
households or missed persons in interviewed households
have different characteristics than interviewed persons
in the same age-sex-race-origin group. Further, the independent population controls used have not been adjusted for undercoverage in the 1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the
CPS appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as
Measured by the Current Population Survey," by
Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy
Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards; in "The
Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin
Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and
Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and in The
Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce. This last document includes
a comprehensive discussion of various sources of error
and describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a
measure of sampling variability, that is, of the variation
that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the
entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and
its estimated standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, ranges that would include the average
of all possible samples with a known probability. For
example, if all possible samples were selected, each of
these surveyed under essentially the same general condiJipns_and using the same sample design, and an estimate
and its estimated error were calculated from each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from
one standard error below the estimate to one standard
error above the estimate would include the average
result of all possible samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard error
above the estimate would include the average of all
possible samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2
standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors
above the estimate would include the average result of
all possible samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a large number of estimates and could be
prepared at a moderate cost, a number of approximations are required. First, the standard errors in this
volume reflect the sample design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State
162
estimates. Thus, these standard errors may slightly
overstate the standard errors applicable to the present
design. Second, instead of computing an individual
standard error for each estimate, generalized sets of
standard errors are computed for various types of
characteristics. This generalization yields more stable
estimates of the standard errors. Consequently, the sets
of standard errors provided give an indication of the
order of magnitude of the standard error of an estimate
rather than the precise standard error.
Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for
major employment status characteristics for monthly
estimates and for changes for consecutive months.
These standard errors are applicable to the level of the
estimates in recent months (1985 annual averages).
Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors for monthly level and month-to-month change for
estimated totals, unemployment rates, and percentages.
Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly
level and month-to-month change for percentages.
Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in.
the table may be approximated by linear interpolation.
The standard error for estimated changes from one
month to the next is more closely related to the monthly
level for the characteristic than to the size of the specific
month-to-month change itself. Thus, in order to use the
generalized standard errors for month-to-month change
as given in the tables of standard errors, it is necessary
to obtain the monthly estimate for the characteristic. It
should be noted that the tables of standard errors for
month-to-month change apply only to estimates of
change between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of
change fox nonconsecutive months are subject to higher
standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with
tables D, F, H, and I to compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor force participation rates, and
percentages as pertaining to the year-to-year change of
monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in
quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in
yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes
in quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the
standard errors must be adjusted due to the differencesin the sample size. For years prior to 1956, the standard
errors should be multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66
period, they should be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard errors for quarterly estimates
of persons and families for use with the CPS earnings
data.
Standard errors for estimated totals, fables D and E
provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals
and for month-to-month change. The figures given in
these tables are to be used for the characteristics as indicated.
Table B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(In thousands)
Standard error of—
Employment status, sex,
age, and race
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed .• . .
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force.
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force.
Employed .
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force.
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force.
Employed
Unemployed
Monthly
level
Month-tomonth
change (consecutive
months only)
244
263
131
187
200
134
148
162
89
127
141
91
189
190
82
140
144
85
83
86
57
91
97
63
82
92
65
63
70
67
49
56
43
43
50
46
67
67
43
44
48
46
33
30
30
37
34
32
I
I
Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number
of persons working a specific number of hours was
12,000,000, an increase of 400,000 over the previous
month. Linear interpolation in the second column of
table D shows that the standard error on an estimate of
12,000,000 is about 159,000. The 68-percent confidence
interval as shown by these data is from 11,841,000 to
12,159,000. Therefore, a conclusion that the average
estimate derived from all possible samples lies within a
range computed in this way would be correct for
roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that
the standard error of a month-to-month change is
primarily dependent on the size of the monthly estimate.
Thus, using linear interpolation in the first column of
table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change
of 400,000, when the monthly level is approximately
12,000,000, is about 118,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated
percentage, computed using sample data for both
numerator and denominator, depends upon both the
size of the rate or percentage and the total upon whidi
the rate or percentage is based. Estimated rates and
percentages are relatively more reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator of the rates or
percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of
50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are
not published when the monthly base is less than 75,000,
the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or the annual average base is less than 35,000.
Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics
Standard error of—
Characteristic
Total (all civilian workers) .
Men, 20 years and over ..
Women, 20 years and over.
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .
White workers.
Black workers
Married men, spouse present...
Married women, spouse present
Full-time workers .
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over.
Monthly level
Consecutive
month change
0.11
.15
.17
.65
.11
.52
.15
.21
.12
.34
.06
0.12
.15
.18
.77
.12
.54
.16
.23
.12
.42
.08
Occupation
Executive, administrative, and managerial.
Professional specialty
Technicians and related support
Sales
Administrative support, including clerical
Private household .
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective .
.21
.18
.49
.29
.24
1.07
.67
.24
.20
.55
.32
.26
1.20
.16
.38
.43
Standard error of—
Characteristic
Monthly level
Consecutive
month change
0.32
0.35
.50
.57
.57
.64
.70
.65
.80
.73
.13
1.37
.65
.27
.34
.42
.14
1.56
.74
.30
.38
.48
.41
.26
.20
.18
1.22
.46
.29
.22
.19
1.40
Occupation—Continued
Precision production, craft, and repair .
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing .
Industry
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers.
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods . . .
Nondurable goods
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade .
Finance and services .
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers.
163
Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(In thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural employment data
Estimated monthly level
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000 ...
15,000 ...
20,000 ...
30,000 ...
40,000 ...
50,000 ...
60,000 ...
70,000 ...
80,000 ...
100,000.
120,000.
Agricultural
employment
14
19
43
61
85
120
146
Total or
white
11
15
34
48
68
95
116
133
147
177
Black
11
15
34
47
64
84
94
97
94
50
201
236
261
278
288
293
293
273
231
Total or
Black men
Total or
Black, 16 to white men
only, or
white, 16 to
only,
or
19 years
women only
19 years
women only
11
15
33
46
63
80
86
83
70
11
15
29
33
10
14
32
45
63
87
105
120
132
155
170
188
189
175
141
61
10
14
31
42
55
66
58
23
Unemployment
Total or
white
10
15
33
47
66
93
113
Black
11
16
35
49
67
88
99
129
143
172
195
1
When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group
which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard
error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error
on the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use
the column for total employed.
Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for
monthly level and month-to-month change for
unemployment rates. Generalized standard errors for
estimated monthly percentages and estimated month-tomonth change in percentage can be obtained through
the use of the standard errors in table H and the factors
in table I. First obtain the standard error from table H
for the specific percentage and base. The generalized
standard error is then calculated by multiplying the
standard error from table H by the appropriate factor
from table I. When the numerator and denominator of
the percentage are in different categories, use the factor
indicated by the numerator of the percentage.
monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in
quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in
yearly averages may be obtained by using table J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for
estimates of change are more closely related to the level
of the estimate than to the size of the specific change.
Thus, to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an
average level, rate, or percentage, or an estimate of a
change in level, rate, or percentage, it is first necessary
to find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate
of an average level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For an estimate of change in
level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of the
average of the two estimates affecting the change. Then,
after computing the standard error by treating these
estimates as monthly estimates and using the procedures
above, multiply this result by a suitable factor from
table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the
average or change.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month 3.6 percent
of a total of 90,771,000 employed persons are employed
in agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 3.6
percent with a base of 90,771,000 is obtained from table
H (0.09 percent). The appropriate factor from table I
for the numerator of the percentage, agricultural
employment, is 1.26. The generalized standard error on
the estimated 3.6 percent is then approximately 0.09 x
1.26 = 0.1 percentage point.
Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly
estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly
averages, yearly averages, and changes in yearly
averages. pie approximate standard errors of levels,
rates, and percentages involving year-to-year change of
164
Illustration. Suppose that one is interested in the yearto-year change of a monthly unemployment rate.
Assume that for a certain month the unemployment rate
is 6.9 percent, based on a total of 95,676,000 in the
civilian labor force, and that a year prior to this the
unemployment rate was 6.1 percent, based on a total of
94,254,000 in the civilian labor force for the month.
First the standard error on the' average of the two
respondents in the sample for each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of quarterly estimates, the
values of P are .30 for persons (total, white, and black)
and .35 for families (total, white, and black). The
respective values for estimates of Hispanics are .45 and
.55.
estimates, 6.5 percent with a base of 94,965,000, is obtained from table F (0.12 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then
given by 0.12 x 1.40 = 0.17 percentage point.
The approximate standard error of levels involving
year-to-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to
CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using table K in conjunction with the following formula:
Illustration. Assume that in a given quarter the number
of women employed as full-time wage and salary
workers was 27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year
later, their number had increased to 29,000,000. Using
linear interpolation in the eighth column of table K, the
standard error of an estimate of 27,000,000 is 216,000;
for 29,000,000 it is 221,000. Using the above formula,
the standard error of the 2,000,000, year-to-year change
is:
Standard
error of
year-to-year
\
error J
• \ error / 2(P)
Where X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the
estimate for another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a
measure of the correlation between the estimates X and
Y resulting from the presence of some of the same
V(216,000) 2
•
(221,000) 2
- 2 (.30) (216,000) (221,000),
or about 259,000.
Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(In thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural
employment data
Unemployment
Estimated monthly level
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000 ...
15,000 ...
20,000 ...
30,000 ...
40,000 ...
50,000 ...
60,000 ...
70,000 ...
80,000 ...
100,000 .
120,000 .
1
2
Total or white
Black
8
11
25
36
50
70
86
98
109
131
148
174
191
203
210
212
211
193
153
8
11
25
35
47
62
70
73
71
42
-
Total or white,
16 to 19 years
Black, 16 to
19 years
13
18
39
54
72
88
88
71
-
13
18
34
36
-
See footnote 1, table D.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons
Total or white
12
16
37
51
72
99
118
132
143
160
165
_
Both sexes 16
to 19 years, or
part-time labor
force2
Black
13
18
40
54
70
78
60
-
12
17
38
52
69
85
87
-
Black, 16 to
19 years
12
18
35
37
_
reentering the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by
duration of unemployment.
165
Table F. Standard errors for unemployment rates
Monthly base of unemployment rate (In
thousands)
50
100
500
1,000...
2,000 ...
4,000 ...
6,000 ...
10,000.
20,000 .,
60,000 ..
100,000
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
1
2.09
1.48
.66
.47
.33
.23
.19
.15
.10
.06
.05
2.94
2.08
.93
.66
.46
.33
.27
.21
.15
.08
.07
4.57
3.23
1.45
1.02
.72
.51
.42
.32
.23
.13
.10
10
15
20
25
30
35
50
6.28
4.44
1.99
1.40
.99
.70
.57
.44
.31
.18
.14
7.46
5.28
2.36
1.67
1.18
.83
.68
.53
.37
.21
.17
8.34
5.90
2.64
1.87
1.32
.93
.76
.59
.42
.24
.19
9.01
6.37
2.85
2.01
1.42
1.01
.82
.64
.45
.26
.20
9.05
6.73
3.01
2.13
1.50
1.06
.87
.67
.47
.27
.21
9.87
6.98
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.27
.22
10.21
7.22
3.27
2.28
1.61
1.14
.93
.72
.51
.29
.22
Table G. Standard errors for month-to-month change in unemployment rates
Monthly base of unemployment rate (In
thousands)
50
100
500
1,000....
2,000 ....
4,000 ....
6,000 ....
10,000..
20,000 ..
60,000 ..
100,000
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
1
2.32
1.64
.73
.52
.37
.26
.21
.16
.12
.07
.05
3.28
2.32
1.04
.73
.52
.37
.30
.23
.16
.09
.07
5.14
3.64
1.63
1.15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.25
.14
.11
10
15
20
25
30
35
50
7.18
5.08
2.27
1.60
1.13
.80
.65
.50
.35
.19
.14
8.69
6.14
2.74
1.94
1.37
.96
.78
.60
.42
.22
.15
9.90
7.00
3.13
2.21
1.56
1.10
.89
.68
.47
.23
.15
10.93
7.12
3.45
2.44
1.72
1.20
.98
.75
.51
.24
11.81
8.35
3.73
2.63
1.85
1.30
1.05
.80
.54
12.58
8.89
3.97
2.80
1.97
1.38
1.11
14.48
10.17
4.53
3.19
2.24
1.56
Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for labor force
data
Monthly base of percentages
(In thousands)
50
100
500
1,000....
2,000 ....
4,000 ....
6,000 ....
10,000.,
20,000 .,
40,000 ..
60,000 ..
80,000 ..
100,000
160,000
Percentage of monthly level
1or99
2 or 98
5 or 95
2.14
1.51
.68
.48
.34
.24
.20
.15
.11
.08
.06
.05
.05
.04
3.01
2.13
.95
.67
.48
.34
.28
.21
.15
.11
.09
.08
.07
.05
4.69
3.32
1.48
1.05
.74
.52
.43
.33
.23
.17
.14
.12
.10
.08
10 or 90 15 or 85 20 or 80 25 or 75 30 or 70 35 or 65
6.46
4.57
2.04
1.44
1.02
.72
.59
.46
.32
.23
.19
.16
.14
.11
7.68
5.43
2.43
1.72
1.22
.86
.70
.54
.38
.27
.22
.19
.17
.13
8.61
6.09
2.72
1.92
1.36
.96
.79
.61
.43
.30
.25
.22
.19
.15
9.32
6.59
2.95
2.08
1.47
1.04
.85
.66
.47
.33
.27
.23
.21
.16
9.86
6.97
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.35
.28
.25
.22
.17
t0.27
7.26
3.25
2.30
1.62
1.15
.94
.73
.51
.36
.30
.26
.23
.18
50
10.76
7.61
3.40
2.41
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
.38
.31
.27
.24
.19
NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specific
characteristic.
166
Table I. Factors to be used with Table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and rnonth-to-month
change in percentages
Factor
Factor
Characteristic
Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment data:
Total
Men only
Women only
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part-time labor force
Monthly level
Month-tomonth change
1.26
1.26
1.05
1.50
.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18
1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00
Characteristic
Monthly level
Month-tomonth change
1.01
1.21
.97
.97
1.08
1.21
1.04
1.04
1.13
1.24
Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration of
unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Black:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Table J. Factors to be used with Tables, D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages
and change in yearly averages,
Factor
Characteristic
Year-to-year
change of monthly
estimate
Quarterly
averages
Change in
quarterly
averages
Yearly
averages
Change in
yearly
averages
1.30
1.30
0.89
.83
0.80
.80
0.72
.58
0.70
.70
1.40
.74
.80
.46
.70
1.30
.88
.88
.67
.70
1.30
1.40
.82
.74
.88
.88
.57
.46
.70
.60
1.40
1.40
.76
.69
.88
.88
.50
.39
.65
.54
Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years).
Part time
Labor force data other than
agricultural employment and
unemployment data:
Total or white
Black or teenagers
(16 to 19 years)
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time
167
Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly level, to be used with CPS earnings data
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Estimated quarterly level
10
50
75
100
150
200
250
300
500
750
1,000 ....
1,500 ....
2,000 ....
2,500 ....
3,000 ....
5,000 ...
7,500 ...
10,000 .
15,000 .
20,000 .
25,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
75,000 .
100,000
168
Total or full-time workers
Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
76
83
107
130
149
180
205
226
224
273
296
331
343
Total or
white
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
85
93
119
145
165
198
224
244
261
286
301
304
255
Women
Men
Total
Part-time
workers
Black
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
46
53
63
72
79
85
100
107
102
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
144
187
192
207
219
236
Total
White
Black
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
117
140
157
183
199
209
212
201
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
116
138
155
179
193
199
198
174
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
29
37
45
50
59
65
69
71
64
Total, full-time, or
part-time workers
Total or
white
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
145
173
195
211
224
242
Black
5
11
13
15
19
21
24
26
33
41
46
56
63
69
74
85
Establishment Data
(Tables B-1 through C-8)
Payroll reports provide current information on wage
and salary employment and hours and earnings in
nonagricultural establishments, by industry and
geographic location. Historical statistics are published
in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States,
1909-84, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States
and Areas, 1939-82 and their annual supplements.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the
Nation and for States and areas are classified in accordance with the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SICM),Office of Management and Budget.
The BLS tabulates and estimates statistics which
distinguish between private and public establishments,
thus maintaining continuity with previously published
statistics for the private and government sector.
Federal-State cooperation
Industry employment
COLLECTION
Under cooperative arrangements, responding
establishments report employment, hours, and earnings
data to State agencies. State agencies mail the forms to
the establishments and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the
reported data to prepare State and area series and also
send the reported data to the BLS (Washington Office)
for use in preparing the national series. This avoids a
duplicate reporting burden on establishments, and
together with the use of similar estimating techniques at
the national and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates.
Shuttle schedules
Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and
Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The
collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent
each month so that the next month's data can be entered
on the space alotted for that month. This''shuttle" procedure assures maximum comparability and accuracy of
reporting, since the respondent can see the figures that
have been reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total
number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of
nonagricultural establishments and, for most industries,
employment, payroll, and hours of production and
related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay
period which includes the 12th of the month.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are
classified into industries on the basis of their principal
product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. Since January 1980, this information
is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports filed by employers. For an
establishment making more than one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of
the establishment is included under the industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
Employment data, except those for the Federal
Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls
who received pay for any part of the pay period which
includes the 12th of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the
number of persons who occupied positions on the last
day of the calendar month. Intermittent workers are
counted if they performed any service during the
month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and
domestic workers. Salaried officers of corporations are
included. Government employment covers only civilian
employees; military personnel are excluded. Employees
of the Central Intelligence Agency and the National
Security Agency are also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid
sick leave (when pay is received directly from the firm),
on paid holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during
a part of the pay period even though they are
unemployed or on strike during the rest of the period
are counted as employed. Not counted as employed are
persons who are on layoff, on leave without pay, on
strike for the entire period, or who were hired but have
not yet reported during"the period.
Indexes of diffusion of changes in number of employees
on nonagricultural payrolls. These indexes measure the
percent of industries which posted increases in employment over the specified time span. The indexes are
calculated from 185 seasonally adjusted employment
series (two-digit nonmanufacturing industries and threedigit manufacturing industries) covering all nonagricultural payroll employment in the private sector. A
more detailed discussion of these indexes appears in
"Introduction of Diffusion Indexes," in the December
1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from
reports of payrolls and hours for production and related
169
workers in manufacturing and mining, construction
workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees
in private service-producing industries.
Production and related workers include working
supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including
group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage,
handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking,
hauling, maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services,
product development, auxiliary production for plant's
own use (e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other
services closely associated with the above production
operation.
Construction workers include the following
employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices,
helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether
working at the site of construction or working in shops
or yards at jobs (such as precutting and preassembling)
ordinarily performed by members of the construction
trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not
above the working supervisory level) such as office and
clerical workers, repairers, salespersons, operators,
drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social
workers, research aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers,
custodial workers, attendants, line installers and
repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services
are closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who
received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. The payroll is reported
before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and
unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding
tax, bonds, or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation, and sick leave paid directly by
the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and paid regularly each
pay period); other pay not earned in the pay period
reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips; and the value of
free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such as health and other
types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc.,
paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period
which includes the 12th of the month for production,
construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are
hours paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave
when pay is received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production
or related workers for which overtime premiums were
170
paid because the hours were in excess of the number of
hours of either the straight-time workday or the
workweek during the pay period which included the
12th of the month. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums were paid. Hours for
which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other
similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information
relates to the average hours for which pay was received
and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such
factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, parttime work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to
be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further reflect changes in the
workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly
figures for 1977. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product of average weekly hours and
production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry aggregation, hours
agregates are the sum of the component aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent
that portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for which overtime premiums were
paid. If an employee were to work on a paid holiday at,
regular rates, receiving as total compensation his or her
holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked
that day, no overtime hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from month to month; for
example, overtime premiums may be paid for hours in
excess of the straight-time workday although less than a
full week is worked. Diverse trends at the industry
group level also may be caused by a marked change in
hours for a component industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current
months. In addition, such factors as stoppages,
absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same
influence on overtime hours as on average hours.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are
on a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in
basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such
variable factors as premium pay for overtime and lateshift work and changes in output of workers paid on an
incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of
employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid
work and changes in workers' earnings in individual
establishments. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates.
Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated
period of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a
given unit of work or time. The earnings series do not
measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the
employer since the following are excluded: Irregular
bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare
benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings
for those employees not covered under the production
worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage
payments. This series is compiled only for aircraft
manufacturing, sic 3721. The same concepts and
estimation methods apply to this series as apply to the
average hourly earnings series described above; the one
difference between the two series is definitional. The
payroll data used to calculate this series include lumpsum payments made to production workers in lieu of
general wage rate increases; such payments are excluded
from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate
the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in sic 3721 covered by
a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data are
adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year
and cover the following 12-month period. In order to
spread the payment across this time period, a prorated
portion of the payment is added to the payroll each
month. This prorated portion is adjusted by an exit rate
to reduce the lump-sum amount to account for persons
who received the payment but left before the payment
allocation period expired.
number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by
the number of employees, as defined above. Average
weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average
weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average
hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings
are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but also by changes in the length of the workweek.
Monthly variations in such factors as the proportion of
part-time workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor
turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for
which employees are not paid may cause the average
workweek to fluctuate.
Long-time trends of average weekly earnings can be
affected by structural changes in the makeup of the
work force. For example, persistent long-term increases
in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade
and many of the services industries have' reduced
average workweeks in these industries and have affected
the average weekly earnings series.
Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are
calculated from the earnings averages for the current
month using a deflator derived from the Consumer
Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W).
ESTIMATING METHODS
The principal features of the procedure used to
estimate employment for the establishment statistics are
(1) the use of the "link relative" technique, which is a
form of ratio estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of
employment levels to new benchmarks; and (3) the use
of size and regional stratification.
The 'link relative" technique
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average
hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay, are
computed by dividing the total production worker
payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours and one-half of total overtime
hours. No adjustments are made for other premium
payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift
work, and overtime rates other than time and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I
railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies)
are based on monthly data summarized in the M-300
report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and
relate to all employees except executives, officials, and
staff assistants (ice group I) who received pay during
the month. Average hourly earnings are computed by
dividing total compensation by total hours paid for.
Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total
From a sample composed of establishments reporting
for both the previous and current months, the ratio of
current-month employment to that of the previous
month is computed. This is called a "link relative." The
estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the
current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates
for the previous month by these "link relatives." In addition, bias correction factors are applied to selected
employment estimates each month. The size of the bias
correction factors is determined from past benchmark
comparisons. Beginning with data for April 1983, these
factors are modified by changes in the sample link
relatives for the most recent quarter. Other features of
the general procedures are described in table L.
Size and regional stratification
A number of industries are stratified by size of
171
Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Employment, hours,
and earnings
Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or
region/size cell)
Aggregate industry level (division and,
where stratified, industry)
Monthly data
All employees
All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells.
by ratio of all employees in current month to all
employees in previous month, for sample establishments which reported for both months.1
Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
All-employees estimate for current month multiplied Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker
employees .
by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory work- estimates, or estimates of women employees, for
ers to all employees in sample establish- component cells.
ments for current month, (2) estimated ratio of women
to all employees.2
Average weekly hours.
Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory
by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2 worker employment, of the average weekly hours for
component cells.
Average weekly overtime hours .
Production worker overtime hours divided by number Average, weighted by production worker employment,
of production workers.2
of the average weekly overtime hours for component cells.
Average hourly earnings.
Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average
divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker
hourly earnings for component cells.
hours.2
Average weekly earnings .
Product of average weekly hours and average hourly Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.
earnings.
Annual average data
All employees, women employees, and
production or nonsupervisory workers .
Average weekly hours
Average weekly overtime hours .
Average hourly earnings .
Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.
Annual total of aggregate hours (production or non- Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied supervisory workers divided by annual sum of
by average weekly hours) divided by annual employment for these workers.
sum of employment.
Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (pro- Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for
duction worker employment multiplied by production workers divided by anriual sum of
average weekly overtime hours) divided employment for these workers.
by annual sum*of employment.
Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of pro- Annual total of aggregate
duction or nonsupervisory worker employment annual aggregate hours.
by weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided
by annual aggregate hours.
payrolls divided by
hours and average Product of average weekly
hourly earnings.
hours and average
Product of average weekly
hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings .
1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly
hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by
172
Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.
a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising
mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure
accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at
the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest
sample average.
establishment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the
hours and earnings into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment,
hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a
whole industry or a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size
stratum of a region within an industry.
Benchmark adjustments
Employment estimates are compared periodically with
benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for
the various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate adjustments are made as indicated. The industry estimates
are currently projected from March 1985 levels. Normally,
benchmark adjustments are made annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are
employment data, by industry, compiled quarterly by
State agencies from reports of establishments covered
under State unemployment insurance laws. These
tabulations cover about 97 percent of employees on
nonagricultural payrolls in the United States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained from the records
of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate
Commerce Commission, and a number of other agencies in private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared
with new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new
benchmark and the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month by use of the sample trends. Thus,
under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish
the level of employment; the sample is used to measure the
month-to-month changes in the level. A comparison of the
actual amounts of revisions made at the time of the March
1985 benchmark adjustment is shown in table M.
Data for all months since the last benchmark to which
the series has been adjusted are subject to revision. Revised
data are published as soon as possible after each benchmark revision.
Table M. Comparison of nonagricultural employment
benchmarks and estimates for March 1985
Industry
Total .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale trade .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .
Services . . . .
Government.
1
Less than 0.05 percent.
Benchmark
96,042,000
Estimate
Percent'
difference
96,045,000
0)
933,000
4,241,000
19,295,000
962,000
4,180,000
19,399,000
-3.1
1.4
-.5
5,155,000
5,654,000
16,782,000
5,205,000
5,681,000
16,818,000
-1.0
-.5
-.2
5,825,000
21,561,000 !
16,596,000
5,796,000
21,536,000
16,468,000
.5
.1
.8
THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the Current Employment
Statistics program is known as "sampling proportionate to
average size of establishment." This design is an optimum
allocation design among strata since the sampling variance
is proportional to the average size of establishments.
Under this type of design, large establishments fall into the
sample with certainty. The size of the sample for the
various industries is determined empirically on the basis of
experience and of cost considerations. In a manufacturing
industry in which a high proportion of total employment is
concentrated in relatively few establishments, a larger percent of total employment is included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for such industries provides for
a complete census of the large establishments, with only a
few chosen from among the smaller establishments or
none at all if the concentration of employment is great
enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large
proportion of total employment is in small establishments,
the sample design calls for inclusion of all large establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones.
Many industries in the trade and services divisions fall into
this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be
handled by available resources, it is necessary to design
samples for these industries with a smaller proportion of
universe employment than is the case for most manufacturing industries. Since individual establishments in these
nonmanufacturing divisions generally show less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than do
establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller
samples (in terms of employment) generally produce
reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS Current Employment Statistics
program, with its emphasis on producing timely data at
minimum cost, a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of a sufficiently large segment of the
universe to provide reasonably reliable estimates that can
be published promptly and regularly. The present sample
meets these specifications for most industries. With its use,
the BLS is able to produce preliminary estimates each
month for many industries and for many geographic levels
within a few weeks after the reference period, and, at a
somewhat later date, statistics in considerably greater industrial detail.
Coverage
The BLS sample of establishment employment and
payrolls is the largest monthly sampling operation in the
field of social statistics. Table N shows the approximate
proportion of total employment in each industry division
covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly
employment data. The coverage for individual industries
within the division may vary from the proportions shown.
Reliability of the employment estimates
Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment sample assures a high degree of accuracy, the
estimates derived from it may differ from the figures that
would be obtained if it were possible to take a complete
173
Table N. Approximate size and coverage of BLS employment
and payrolls sample, March 19851
Industry
Total .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .
Services . . .
Government:
Federal2.
State .
Local .
Number
of establishments
in sample
Employees
Number
reported
Percent of
total
243,000 38,173,000
40
3,600
374,000
22,500
858,000
52,000 10,654,000
11,500 2,409,000
22,300 1,042,000
42,400 3,319,000
40
20
55
47
18
20
17,100
48,500
2,091,000
5,267,000
36
24
5,100
3,800
14,200
2,839,000
3,087,000
6,233#CD
100
79
63
1
Since a few establishments do not report payroll and hours
information, hours and earnings estimates may be based on a slightly
smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
National estimates of Federal employment by agency are provided to
BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates
for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal
employment, are based on a sample of 5,100 reports covering about 64
percent of employment in Federal establishments.
census using the same schedules and procedures. As
discussed under the previous section, a "link relative"
technique is used to estimate employment. This requires
the use of the previous month's estimate as the base in
computing the current month's estimate. Thus, small
sampling and response errors may accumulate over
several months. To remove this accumulated error, the
estimates are usually adjusted annually to new benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling^and
response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts'the
estimates for changes in the industrial classification of
individual establishments (resulting from changes in
their product which are not reflected in the levels of
estimates until the data are adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed industry levels,
particularly within manufacturing, changes in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments.
Another cause of differences arises from improvements
in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O presents
the average percent revisions of the five most recent
benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed
descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are
available from the Bureau upon request.
The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating
cells are not subject to benchmark revisions, although
the broader groupings may be affected slightly by
changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings
estimates, however, are subject to sampling errors,
which may be expressed as relative errors of the
estimates. (A relative error is a standard error expressed
as a percent of the estimate.) Relative errors for major
industries are presented in table O and for individual industries with the specified number of employees in table
P. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours and
earnings estimates from the sample would differ by a
174
smaller percentage than the relative error from the
averages that would have been obtained from a complete census.
One measure of the reliability of the employment
estimates for individual industries is the root-meansquare error (RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in estimates:
RMSE =
V^Standard Deviation)2
+ (Bias)2
If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that
an estimate from the sample would differ from its
benchmark by less than the root-mean-square error.
The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the difference
would be less than twice the root-mean-square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based
on the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences
between final estimates and benchmarks are presented
in table P.
For the two most recent months, estimates of employment, hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so
footnoted in the tables. These figures are based on less
than the total sample and are revised when all the
reports in the sample have been received. Table Q
presents root-mean-square errors of the amounts of
revisions that may be expected between the preliminary
and final levels of employment and preliminary and
final month-to-month changes. Revisions of
preliminary hours and earnings estimates are normally
not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1
cent for hourly earnings.
STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
State and area employment, hours, and earnings data
Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment
estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)
Industry
Total
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Services
Government3
Average
benchmark revision in
estimates
of employment1
0.2
.3
2.9
1.6
.6
.7
.6
.4
.3
1.2
.3
.2
.4
Relative
errors2
Average
weekly
hours
0.1
1.0
.2
.1
.1
.1
.7
.2
.2
.2
A
Average
hourly
earnings
0.2
1.3
.5
.2
.3
.2
.6
.4
.4
.4
.6
The average percent revision in employment for the 1981-85
benchmarks.
2
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
3
Estimates for government are based on a total count for Federal
Government provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a
sample of State and local government reports.
Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings
Rootmeansquare
error of
Size of employment estimate
employment estimates1
50,000 ....
100,000..
200,000 ..
500,000
1,000,000..
2,000,000 ..
2,100
3,900
•5,600
14,000
15,000
26,000
Relative error1
(in percent)
Average
weekly
hours
Average
hourly
earnings
2.2
1.3
1.1
.9
.8
.5
4.0
2.3
2.0
1.6
1.2
.9
Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan
areas. Definitions for all areas are published each year
in the issue of Employment and Earnings that contains
State and area annual averages (usually the May issue).
Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be obtained from the State
agencies listed on the inside back cover of each issue.
These statistics are based on the same establishment
reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates.
For employment, the sum of the State figures may differ
slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a
national basis, because some States have more recent
benchmarks than others and because of the effects of
differing industrial and geographic stratification.
For the States and the areas shown in the B and C sections of this periodical, all the annual average data for
the detailed industry statistics currently published by
each cooperating State agency are presented in a summary volume published annually by the BLS.
Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Root-mean-square error
of-
Root-mean-square error
ofIndustry
Industry
Monthly
level
r
Total
Total private
110,000
1
Month-to-month
change
101,100
63,100
56,800
35,200
29,400
5,500
4,600
5,300
4,300
Construction
General building contractors1
18,300
7,900
13,500
5,400
Manufacturing.
28,700
27,200
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products.
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries . . .
Blast furnaces and basic
steel products1
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical.
Electrical and electronic
equipment
Transportation equipment.
Motor vehicles and
equipment1
Instruments and related
products
Miscellaneous manufacturing.
22,100
3,800
3,000
2,300
6,100
20,200
3,200
2,400
2,100
5,900
5,000
4,600
8,700
4,900
3,900
7,800
6,200
13,200
6,400
11,800
10,000
10,200
2,200
2,000
2,100
2,000
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products . .
Tobacco manufactures .
Textile mill products . . . .
Apparel and other textile
products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
11,800
8,500
1,600
2,700
11,700
8,600
1,500
2,700
6,500
1,900
2,400
6,100
1,700
2,500
Goods-producing.
Mining .
Oil and gas extraction1
Monthly
level
Nondurable goods—Continued
Chemicals and allied products .
Petroleum and coal products
.
Rubber and misc. plastics
products
Leather and leather products ..
Month-to-month
change
2,500
1,700
2,400
1,600
2,300
2,800
2,200
2,600
98,200
94,000
14,700
18,400
14,200
17,800
5,200
4,800
8,500
5,600
7,800
5,100
4,500
Retail trade1
General merchandise stores1 ..
Food stores1
Automotive dealers and service
stations1
Eating and drinking places1
33,700
19.700
6,500
32,400
19,000
5,800
3,300
19,200
2,900
17,100
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance1 .
Insurance1 .
Real estate1
8,600
4,200
2,800
5,000
7,300
3,600
2,200
4,100
Services
Business services1
Health services1
32,200
12,900
10,500
27,900
10,800
10,200
Government
Federal
State1.
Local1
72,400
18,200
26,200
38,800
66,100
15,100
24,700
35,900
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities . .
Transportation1
Communication and public
utilities1
Wholesale trade1 .
Durable goods1 . .
Nondurable goods1
1
Data are based on differences from January 1981 through December
1985; all other data reflect differences from January 1980 through December
1985.
175
Productivity Data
(Tables C-9 through C-11)
COLLECTION
Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics from establishment data and from
estimates of compensation and gross national product
supplied by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the
Federal Reserve Board.
CONCEPTS
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural
establishments refer to hours paid for all employees—
production workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried
workers.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final
goods and services produced in a given period. Indexes
of output per hour of all persons measure changes in the
volume of goods and services produced per paid hour of
labor input.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries
of employees plus employers' contributions for social
insurance and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplementary
payments for the self-employed, except for nonfinancial
corporations, in which there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per
hour adjusted to elimate the effect of changes in the
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).
Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost
required to produce one unit of output and are derived
by dividing compensation per hour by output per hour.
Unit nonlabor payments include profits, depreciation, interest, and indirect taxes per unit of output.
They are computed by subtracting compensation of all
persons from the current-dollar gross national product
and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor
costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor
payments except unit profits.
Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory
valuation adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the
current-dollar estimate of gross product by the
constant-dollar estimate, making the deflator, in effect,
a price index for gross product of the sector reported.
NOTES ON THE DATA
For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector, these indexes relate to the gross domestic product
less households and institutions, owner-occupied housing, and the statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial
corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic
product of nonfinancial corporate business.
Manufacturing output data are supplied by the
Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of
Commerce, and the Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly
measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics to annual estimates of output (gross product
originating) from the Bureau of Economic Analysis.
Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81,
BLS Bulletin 2178. Additional information may be obtained from the Office of Productivity and Technology
(202 523-9261).
State and Area Labor Force Data
(D table)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States,
labor market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered
under Federal assistance programs are developed by
State employment security agencies under a FederalState cooperative program. The local unemployment
estimates which are derived from standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis of determining
eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal programs such as the Job Training Partnership Act and the
Public Works and Economic Development Act.
Annual average data for the States and areas shown
in table D are published in Employment and Earnings
176
(usually the May issue). For regions, States, selected
metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual average
data classified by selected demographic, social, and
economic characteristics are published in the BLS
bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and
Unemployment.
Labor force and unemployment estimates for counties, cities, and other small areas have been prepared
for administration of various Federal economic
assistance programs and may be ordered from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. The report
"Employment and Unemployment in States and Local
Areas" is published monthly through GPO and is
available on microfiche only on a subscription basis.
ESTIMATING METHODS
The civilian labor force and unemployment estimates
in J l large States: New York, California, Illinois, Ohio,
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Texas, Massachusetts, North Carolina, and Florida; and two areas: Los
Angeles—Long Beach metropolitan area and New York
City, are sufficiently reliable to be used directly from
the CPS. For a description of the CPS concepts, see
"Household Data," above.
Monthly labor force and unemployment estimates in
the remaining 39 States, the District of Columbia, and
253 labor market areas are prepared in several stages.
The civilian labor force is the sum of the employment
and unemployment levels, which are estimated in accordance with the BLS Manual for Developing Local Area
Unemployment Statistics.
1. Preliminary estimate—employment: The total
civilian employment estimate is based on data from the
survey of establishments which produces an estimate of
payroll employment. This place-of-work estimate must
be adjusted to refer to place of residence as used in the
CPS. Factors for adjusting from place of work to place
of residence have been developed for the several
categories of employment on the basis of employment
relationships which existed at the time of the 1970
decennial census. These factors are applied to the
payroll employment estimates for the current period to
obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which are
added estimates for employment not covered by unemployment insurance (UI).
2. Preliminary estimate—unemployment: In the current
month, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of
the estimates for each of three building block categories:
(1) Persons who were previously employed in industries
covered by State UI laws; (2) those previously employed
in industries not covered by these laws; and (3) those
who were entering the civilian labor force for the first
time or reentering after a period of separation. This is
referred to below as the UI- based estimate.
An estimate for those previously employed in covered
industries is derived from a count of current employment insurance claimants, plus estimates of claimants
whose benefits have been exhausted, those persons disqualified from receiving benefits for nonmonetary
reasons (because they quit, were discharged for cause,
etc., but would otherwise have been eligible), and person who either filed claims late or not at all.
The estimate of those previously employed in industries not covered by UI is derived by applying to the
employment estimate for each noncovered industry or
class of worker subgroup in the State, the ratio of
covered unemployment to covered employment
weighted by factors reflecting national historical relationships.
For the third category, new entrants and reentrants
into the labor force, a composite estimate is developed
from equations that relate the total entrants into the
labor force to the experienced unemployed and the experienced labor force. For each month, the estimate of
entrants into the labor force is a function of: (a) the
month of the year; (b) the level of the experienced
unemployed; (c) the level of the experienced labor force;
and (d) the proportion of the working age population
that is considered "youth." The composite estimate of
total entrants is defined as:
U=
U=
E=
X=
A,B=
A (X + E) + BX, where
total entrant unemployment
total civilian employment
total experienced unemployment
synthetic factors incorporating
seasonal variation and an assumed
relationship between the proportion of
youths in the working population and the
historical relationship of entrants to the
experienced unemployed (B factor) or the
experienced labor force (A factor).
3. Correction factors for employment and unemployment are then applied at the State level of the Ul-based
estimates obtained above for each of the 39 States and
the District of Columbia. These correction factors are
based on the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based estimates
for the 6-month period ending in the current month
(e.g., a 6-month moving average).
4. Substate adjustment for additivity. Independent
estimates of employment and unemployment are
prepared for the State (obtained directly from the CPS
in the 11 large States or by the Ul-based method in the
remaining States), and labor market areas (LMA's)
within the State. The total of the geographic areas in
the LMA's exhausts the geographic boundaries of the
State. A proportional adjustment is applied to all
sub-state LMA estimates to ensure that the sub-state
estimates of employment and unemployment add to the
independent State totals. In California and New York,
which also have sub-state areas taken directly from the
CPS, the additivity adjustment for the reamining areas
is applied to the State total minus the direct CPS area.
5. Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year,
monthly estimates prepared by the State employment
security agencies using Ul-based estimating procedures
are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the annual
average CPS estimates for the 39 States and the District
of Columbia for which monthly CPS estimates are not
177
available. This adjustment is necessary because the
State-prepared estimates are not as reliable as the CPS
annual averages due to differences in the State UI laws,
the structural. limitations of the Ul-based estimating
method, and errors in the UI data.
The benchmarked estimates are produced in three
stages. First, the monthly Ul-based estimates are adjusted by the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based annual
averages. Second, the difference between the ratio of
annual averages for two consecutive years is wedged into the monthly estimates in order to minimize the disturbance to the original series. Finally, the third-stage
estimates are forced into agreement with CPS annual
averages. In the 11 States which use CPS estimates
monthly, no benchmark correction is required, as the
average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates will
equal CPS annual averages.
Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's
labor force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and other measures of labor market activity
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events
as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing
of schools. Because these seasonal events follow a more
or less regular pattern each year, their influence on
statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the
statistics from month to month. These adjustments
make it easier to observe the cyclical and other
nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating
changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to
note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted
estimates have a broader margin of possible error than
the original data on which they are based, since they are
subject not only to sampling and other errors but are
also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for
selected labor force and establishment-based data are
published regularly in Employment and Earnings.
The seasonal adjustment program used for these
series is an adaptation of the standard ratio-to-moving
average method. It provides for "moving" adjustment
factors to take account of changing seasonal patterns. A
detailed description of the method is given in The X-ll
Variant of the Census Method II Seasonal Adjustment
Program, Technical Paper No. 15, Bureau of the Census (1967).
Beginning in January 1980, BLS introduced two major modifications in the seasonal adjustment
methodology for data from the household survey. First,
the data are being seasonally adjusted with a procedure
called X-ll ARIMA, which was developed at Statistics
Canada as an extension of the existing standard X-ll
method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method,
by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No.
12-564E, February 1980. The X-ll procedure was
originally developed at the Bureau of the Census and
178
had been used by the BLS to seasonally adjust labor
force series since 1973. Testy have shown that use of the
X-l 1 ARIMA procedure, which places more emphasis on
recent data, provides better seasonal adjustments than
does the X-ll month alone.
The second change is that seasonal adjustment factors
are calculated for use during the first 6 months of the
year rather than for the entire year. In July of each year,
BLS calculates and publishes in Employment and Earnings a set of seasonal adjustment factors for use in the
second half, based on the experience through June.
Revisions of historical data for the most recent 5 years
are made at the beginning of each calendar year.
However, as a result of the revisions to the estimates for
1970-81 based on 1980 census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982 were
carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as
well as the major employment and unemployment
estimates, are computed by aggregating independently
adjusted series. For example, for each of the three major labor force components-agricultural employment,
nonagricultural employment, and unemployment-data
for four sex-age groups (men and women under and
over 20 years of age) are separately adjusted for
seasonal variation and are then added to derive
seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted civilian employment components,
plus the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for
seasonality), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the
sum of the four unemployment components; and the
overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the
estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of various series, components will
not necessarily add to totals.
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor
force series based on the experience through December,
new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate
the civilian unemployment rate for the first 6 months
of the following year, and a description of the current seasonal adjustment methodology are published
in each January issue of Employment and Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the
revision period for a broader range of labor force
series are published in the February issue of this publication.
Beginning in July 1980* the BLS also uses the X-ll
ARIMA methodology in seasonally adjusting the
establishment data, which previously had been computed using the BLS Seasonal Factor Method. All series
are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative models
under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors used
in calculating the current year's estimates are based on
actual data through March 1986 and projected data
through March 1987. The ARIMA model options for
projecting the data series for 1 year ahead have been
used in seasonally adjusting the establishment series
since June 1981.
Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to
the component levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for
most of these series are then obtained by taking a
weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data for the
component series. Seasonally adjusted average weekly
earnings are the product of seasonally adjusted average
hourly earnings and seasonally adjusted average weekly
hours.
Average weekly earnings in constant dollars,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by dividing average
weekly earnings, seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally
adjusted Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage
Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), and multiplying
by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally
adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsuper-
visory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the
1977 base. For total private, total goods-producing,
total private service-producing, wholesale trade, retail
trade, manufacturing, and durable and nondurable
goods industries, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the
1977 base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a
number of series characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular
components. These failed or unsatisfactory seasonally
adjusted series are used in the aggregation to broader
level seasonally adjusted series, however.
Beginning in June 1983, seasonal adjustment factors
for Federal Government employment are derived from
unadjusted data which include Christmas temporary
workers employed by the Postal Service. In earlier years
the number of these workers was substantial, and at
times varied greatly from year to year, based on administrative decisions of the Postal Service. Hence, it
was considered desirable to exclude this group from the
unadjusted data upon which the seasonal adjustment factors were based. In the past several years, the number of
these workers has decreased to the point where their
presence has no impact on seasonal adjustment. Temporary census takers for the 1980 decennial census are
removed prior to the calculation of seasonal adjustment
factors for Federal Government employment.
The revised seasonally adjusted series for the
establishment data reflect experience through March
1986. Seasonal adjustment factors to be used for current
adjustment appear in the June 1986 issue of Employment and Earnings.
179
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
REGION I - BOSTON
John Fitzgerald Kennedy Federal Building
Suite 1603
Boston, Mass. 02203
REGION V - CHICAGO
9th Floor
230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, 111. 60604
REGION II - NEW YORK
Suite 3400
1515 Broadway
New York, N.Y. 10036
REGION VI - DALLAS
Room 221
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, Tex. 75202
REGION III - PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, Pa. 19101
REGIONS VII and VIII - KANSAS CITY
15th Floor
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, Mo. 64106
REGION IV - ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street, NE.
Atlanta, Ga. 30367
REGIONS IX and X - SAN FRANCISCO
450 Golden Gate Avenue
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102
COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES
Current Employment Statistics Program (CES), and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program
(LA US)
BLS
Region
IV
X
IX
VI
IX
VIII
I
III
III
ALABAMA
ALASKA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
DIST. OF COL.
IV FLORIDA
IV
IX
X
V
V
VII
VII
IV
VI
I
III
I
V
V
IV
VII
VIII
VII
IX
I
II
VI
II
IV
VIII
V
VI
GEORGIA
HAWAII
IDAHO
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA
X OREGON
III PENNSYLVANIA
II PUERTO RICO
I
IV
VIII
IV
VI
VIII
I
III
II
X
III
RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VERMONT
VIRGINIA
VIRGIN ISLANDS
WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA
V WISCONSIN
VIII WYOMING
-Research and Statistics Div., Depart, of Industrial Relations, Industrial Relations Building, Room 427, Montgomery 36130
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-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, State Capitol Mall, P.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 72203
-Employment Data and Research Div., Employment Development Depart., P.O. Box 1679, Sacramento 95808.
-Division of Employment and Training, 1330 Fox Street, Denver 80204
-Employment Security Division, Labor Department, 200 Folly Brook Boulevard, Wethersfield 06109
-Department of Labor, University Plaza Office Complex, P.O. Box 9029, Newark 19711
-Division of Labor Market Information, Research and Analysis, Department of Employment Services,
500 C Street N.W., Room 411, Washington 20001
-Bureau of Research and Information, Depart, of Labor and Employment Security, 2574 Seagate Drive,
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-Bureau of Employment Security, 910 South Michigan Avenue, 12th Floor, Chicago 60605
-Employment Security Division, 10 North Senate Avenue, Indianapolis 46204
-Department of Job Service, 1000 East Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
-Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka Avenue, Topeka 66603
-Department for Employment Services, Cabinet for Human Resources, 275 E. Main Street, Frankfort 40621
-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 44094, Capitol Station, Baton Rouge 70804
-Division of Research and Analysis, Department of Labor, 20 Union Street, Augusta 04330
-Research and Analysis Division, Department of Human Resources, 1100 North Eutaw Street, Baltimore 21201
-Division of Employment Security, Charles F. Hurley Building, Government Center, Boston 02114
-Research and Statistics Division, Employment Security Commission, 7310 Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
-Department of Jobs and Training, 390 North Robert Street, St. Paul 55101
-Labor Market Information Department, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 1699, Jackson 39215-1699
-Division of Employment Security, P.O. Box 59, Jefferson City 65104
-Department of Labor and Industry, P.O. Box 1728, Helena 59601
-Division of Employment, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln 68509
-Employment Security Department, 500 East Third Street, Carson City 89713
-Department of Employment Security, 32 South Main Street, Concord 03301
-Division of Planning and Research, Department of Labor, P O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625
-Employment Services Division, Employment Security Department, P.O. Box 1928, Albuquerque 87103
-Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor, State Campus, Building 12, Albany 12240
-Labor Market Information Division, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 25903, Raleigh 27611
-Job Service, P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58502
-Labor Market Information Division, Bureau of Employment Services, P.O. Box 1618, Columbus 43216
-Research and Planning Division, Employment Security Commission, 310 Will Rogers Memorial Office Building,
Oklahoma City 73105
-Employment Division, Department of Human Resources, 875 Union Street N.E., Salem 97311
-Research and Statistics Division, Department of Labor and Industry, 7th and Forster Streets, Harrisburg 17121
-Department of Labor and Human Resources, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 505 Munoz Rivera Ave., 17th Fl.,
Hato Rey 00918 (CES). Bureau of Employment Security, 505 Munoz Rivera Ave., 15th Fl., Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
-Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason Street, Providence 02903
-Employment Security Commission, P . O . Box 995, Columbia 29202
-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 1730, Aberdeen 57401
-Department of Employment Security, Cordell Hull Office Building, Room 519, Nashville 37219
-Employment Commission, 15th and Congress Avenue, Austin 78778
-Department of Employment Security, P.O. Box 11249, Salt Lake City 84147
-Department of Employment and Training, P.O. Box 488, Montpfelier 05602
-Division of Research and Analysis, Employment Commission, P.O. Box 1358, Richmond 23211
-Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 818, St. Thomas 00801
-Employment Security Department, 212 Maple Park, Olympia 98504
-Division of Labor and Economic Security, Depart, of Employment Security, 112 California Avenue,
Charleston 25305
-Department of Industry, Labor, and Human Relations, P.O. Box 7944, Madison 53707
-Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 2760, Casper 82602
@FedFRASER