Full text of Employment and Earnings : April 1980

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Employment and Earnings
April 1980
U. S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Vol.27 No. 4




U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Ray Marshall, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L Norwood, Commissioner
Employment and Earnings is prepared by the
Division of Industry Employment Statistics
and the Division of Employment and
Unemployment Analysis in collaboration with
the Division of Special Publications. The data
are collected by the Bureau of the Census
(Department of Commerce), State Employment
Security Agencies, and State Departments of
Labor in cooperation with the Bureau of Labor
Statistics. A brief description of the
cooperative statistical programs of the BLS
with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory Notes. The State agencies are listed
on the inside back cover.
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Communications on editorial matters should
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the text and Household Data should be addressed to: Attention of Gloria P. Green, or
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Library of Congress Catalog Number 70-11379.
Employment and Earnings (Dept. of Labor
Pub.) (USPS 081-990)



Calendar of Features
In addition to the monthly data appearing
regularly in Employment and Earnings
special features appear in most of the
issues as shown below:

Household data
Annual averages

Jan.

Revised seasonally adjusted series

Feb.

Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted
data, persons not in labor force, persons
of Hispanic origin, Vietnam-Era veterans
and nonveterans, poverty-nonpoverty area
data, family relationship data.

Jan., Apr.,
July, Oct.

Establishment data
National annual averages:
Industry divisions (preliminary)

Jan.

Industry detail (final)

Mar.

Women employment detail (final)

Mar.

National data adjusted to new benchmarks

Oct.1

Revised seasonally adjusted series

Oct.2

State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

May

1
The issue that introduces new benchmark varies. The October 1979 issue marks
the introduction of March 1978 benchmarks.
2
Revised data introduced October 1979.

Employment and Earnings
Vol. 27 No. 4 April 1980

Editors: Gloria P. Green, Gloria P. Goings, Rosalie K. Epstein

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Employment and unemployment developments, March 1980
Charts
Statistical tables:
Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Quarterly averages
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
Labor turnover
State and area unemployment data
Seasonally adjusted seriesHousehold data
Quarterly averages
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
Productivity
Labor turnover
Explanatory notes




2
5
7

19
58
73
105
136
145
43
50
90
126
128
141
150

MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page
Employment Status
A-1.
A- 2.
A- 3.
A- 4.
A- 5.
A- 6.
A- 7.
A- 8.
A- 9.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population, 16 years and over, 1947 to date . . . . .
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over
by sex, 1967 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race
Labor force by sex, age, and race
Employment status of black workers by sex and age
.
Employment status of the noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16-21 years of age
by race and sex
Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, and race
Employment status of the noninstitutional population by family relationship

ig
20
21
23
25
26
27
28
29

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-10.
A-11.
A-12.
A-13.
A-14.
A-15.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.

Unemployed persons by marital status, sex, age, and race
Unemployed persons by occupation of last job and sex
Unemployed persons by industry of last job and sex
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, duration, sex, and age
Unemployed jobseekers by the jobsearch methods used, sex, age, and raceUnemployed jobseekers by the jobsearch methods used, sex, and reason
for unemployment
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by duration, sex, age, race, and marital status
Unemployed persons by duration, occupation, and industry of last job

29
30
30
31
31
32
32
33
33
34

Characteristics of the Employed
A-20.
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.

Employed persons by sex and age
Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
Employed persons by occupation, sex, and race
Employed persons by class of worker, age, and sex
Employed persons by industry and occupation
Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason, pay status, and sex
Persons at work by type of industry and hours of work
Persons at work 1-34 hours by usual status and reason for working less than 35 hours
Nonagricultural workers by industry and full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by full- or part-time
status, sex, age, race, and marital status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by full- or part-time status and sex

34
35
36
37
37
38
38
39
39
40
41

Characteristics of 14 and 15 year-olds
A-31.

Employment status of 14-15 year-olds by sex and race

42

A-32.

Employed of 14-15 year-olds by sex, class of worker, and occupation

42

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-33.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex and age,
seasonally adjusted
A-34.
Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force, seasonally adjusted
A-35.
Employment status by race, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
A-36.
Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
A-37.
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
A-38.
Rates of unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
A-39.
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
A-40.
Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
A-41.
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
A-42.
Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
Characteristics of Vietnam-Era Veterans and Nonveterans
A-43.




Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age

43
44
44
45
45
45
45
47
47
43
49

QUARTERLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page
Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data

A-44.
A-45.
A-46.
A-47.
A-48.
A-49.
A-50.
A-51.
A-52.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race,
seasonally adjusted
Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex and age, seasonally
adjusted
Employment status by race, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Rates of unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally
adjusted

.

50
51
52
53
54
54
55
55
56

Persons Not In Labor Force

A-53.
A-54.
A-55.
A-56.
A-57.
A-58.

Job desire of persons not in labor force by current activity, reasons for not seeking
work, sex, and race, seasonally adjusted
Job desire of persons not In labor force and reasons for not seeking work by
age and sex
Job desire of persons not In labor force and reasons for not seeking work by
age, race, and sex
Persons not in labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by
age, race, sex, and detailed reason
Most recent work experience of persons not in labor force and reason for leaving
last Job for those who worked during previous 12 months by age, race, and sex
Work-seeking intentions of persons not In labor force and work history of those who
intend to seek work within next 12 months by age, race, and sex

57
58
59
59
60
60

Race and Hispanic Origin Data

A-59.
A-60.
A-61.
A-62.
A-63.
A-64.
A-65.
A-66.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and
Hispanic origin
Employment status of persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by
sex and age
Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin . . .
Employed persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social
and economic categories
Employed persons by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Rates of unemployment by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin

61
62
63
54
65
65
66
66

Vietnam-Era Veterans and Nonveterans Data

A-67.
A-68.

Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveternas by age
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans 25 to 39
years by age, race, and Hispanic origin

.

67
67

Metropolltan-nonmetropolltan and Poverty-nonpoverty Area Data

A-69.
A-70.
A-71.

Employment status of the population In metropolitan-nonmetropolitan areas by
sex, age, and race
Employment status of the population In poverty and nonpoverty areas by race
Unemployment rates for selected labor force groups in poverty and nonpoverty
areas by sex, age, and race

68
69
69

Family Relationship Data

A-72.
A-73.




Unemployed persons by family relationship and presence of employed family members ..
Employed persons by family relationship and presence of additional employed
family members

70
71

MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Page
Employment—National

B-1.
B- 2.
B- 3.
B- 4.
B- 5.
B- 6.
B- 7.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry division, 1920 to date
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry, seasonally adjusted
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry, seasonally adjusted
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls,
seasonally adjusted

73
74
83
90
91

Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased

93

92

Employment—State and Area
B- 8.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas, by industry division . . .

94

Hours and Earnings—National

C-1.
C- 2.
C- 3.
C- 4.
C- 5.
C- 6.
C- 7.
C- 8.
C- 9.
C-10.
C-11.
C-12.

Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls, 1959 to date
•.
Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls, by industry
..
Employment, hours, and indexes of earnings in the Executive Branch of the
Federal Government
Average hourly earnings excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing
payrolls, by industry
Gross and spendable average weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, in current and 1967 dollars
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers
on private nonagricultural payrolls
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls, by industry division and major manufacturing
group, seasonally adjusted
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry division and major manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or
nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division....
Indexes of output and compensation per hour, unit costs, and prices, private business
sector, seasonally adjusted
Percent changes from preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, private business sector, seasonally adjusted, at annual rate

105
106
122
122
123
124
126
127
128
128
129
130

Hours and Earnings—State and Area

C-13.

Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by
State and selected areas

131

Labor Turnover—National

D-1.
D- 2.

Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1970 to date
Labor turnover rates, by industry

136
137

D- 3.

Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1970 to date, seasonally adjusted

141

Labor Turnover—State and Area

D- 4.

Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas

. . . 142

MONTHLY STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
E-1.




Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas . . .

. . . 145

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, March 1980

Employment declined in March and unemployment
returned to its January level. The March unemployment
rate was 6.2 percent, compared with 6.0 percent in
February and 6.2 percent in January. During the
previous year and a half, the unemployment rate had remained in the narrow range of 5.7 to 5.9 percent.
Total employment—as measured by the monthly
survey of households—declined by 300,000 to 97.7
million. Total employment has not advanced appreciably since September 1979.
Nonfarm payroll employment—as measured by the
monthly survey of establishments—dropped by 140,000
to 90.6 million. Most of this reduction was in construction, which is being affected by declining housing starts
and rising interest rates.
Unemployment
Both the number of unemployed, 6.4 million, and the
unemployment rate, 6.2 percent, returned to January
levels after edging down in February. Whereas the
overall change was small, there was a sizeable increase
in the jobless rate for adult men to 4.9 percent in March,
the highest since October 1977. The rates for workers in
the construction industry and craft workers also rose in
March. There was an increase in the number of
unemployed persons laid off from their last job and in
the number unemployed for more than 6 months. On
the other hand, jobless rates for adult women (5.7 percent), teenagers (15.9 percent), whites (5.4 percent), and
blacks (11.8 percent) all showed little or no change over
the month. (See tables A-33, A-36, A-37, and A-39.)
The number of nonfarm workers on part-time work
schedules for economic reasons (sometimes termed the
"partially unemployed") remained at 3.4 million in
March. Over the past year, their total has risen by
200,000, all of it among those who usually work full
time. (See table A-42.)
Total employment and the labor force
Total employment fell by 300,000 in March to 97.7
million, with the decrease concentrated among adult
men. Employment among adult women and teenagers
was little changed over the month. Employment growth
has been slowing for several months, and the March
level was up only 1 million from a year earlier. Due in
part to their employment drop of 230,000 in March,




adult men have experienced almost no employment
growth over the past year. (See table A-33.)
The civilian labor force was about unchanged in
March and was up only 1.7 million over the year, the
smallest yearly jump in more than 4 years. The labor
force participation rate fell by 0.2 percentage point in
March to 63.7 percent, with decreases registered by
adult men and women. The employment-population
ratio also fell in March, from 59.3 to 59.0 percent.

Discouraged workers
Discouraged workers are those who report that they
want work but are not looking for jobs because they
believe they cannot find any. Because they do not meet
the labor market test—that is, they are not engaged in
active job search—they are classified as not in the labor
force rather than unemployed. Data for this group are
published quarterly.
The number of discouraged workers jumped sharply
in the first quarter of 1980 to a level of 1 million. This
represented a 250,000 increase over the last quarter of
1979 and brought the number of discouraged workers to
its highest level since the third quarter of 1977. Threefifths of the total cited job-market factors as the reason
for their discouragement, the same proportion as in the
previous quarter. (See table A-53.)

Industry payroll employment
The number of employees on nonagricultural
payrolls fell by 140,000 to a March level of 90.6 million.
Payroll employment was only 1.6 million higher than a
year earlier.
The largest over-the-month decline occurred in the
construction industry, where employment dropped by
135,000. This was the second consecutive monthly
reduction in this industry, with the 2-month decrease
totaling 200,000 jobs; up through January, employment
had been rising. Manufacturing employment was down
slightly in March, with the transportation equipment,
food processing, and lumber industries posting the
largest declines. Employment in the service-producing
sector was unchanged at 64.1 million, as a small job
gain in the services industry was about offset by an
employment drop in retail trade. (See table B-4.)

Hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls fell
for the second straight month, to 35.4 hours in March.
All of the declines took place in the goods-producing
sector. The manufacturing workweek, which is
recognized as a leading indicator of business cycle
developments, decreased 0.2 hour in March to 39.8
hours and was down half an hour since January. The
construction workweek was down 1.2 hours over the
month and 2 hours since January. (See table C-7.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or
nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls
fell 0.5 percent to 125.9 (1967 = 100) in March and was
only 0.2 percent higher than in March 1979. The
manufacturing index dropped nearly 0.8 percent in
March and has fallen by 4.3 percent over the year. (See
table C-8.)

Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of production or nonsuper-




visory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls rose
0.9 percent in March and 7.8 percent over the year
(seasonally adjusted). Average weekly earnings rose 0.6
percent in March and were up 6.3 percent over the year.
(See tables C-l and C-9.)
Before adjustment for seasonality, average hourly
earnings rose 4 cents in March to $6.50 and were 48
cents higher than a year before. Average weekly earnings were $228.80, up $2.05 over the month and $13.89
over the year.

The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index—earnings adjusted for
overtime in manufacturing, seasonality, and the effects
of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage
and low-wage industries—was 245.0 (1967 = 100) in
March, 1.0 percent higher than in February. The Index
was 8.8 percent above March a year ago. In dollars of
constant purchasing power, the Index decreased 5.2 percent during the 12-month period ended in February.
(See table C-9.)

CHARTS
Pays
1. Labor force and employment 1961-80

7

2. Major unemployment indicators, 1961-80

8

3. Civilian labor force participation rates by sex and age, 1961-80

8

4. Total employment by sex and age, 1961-80

9

5. Employment-population ratios by sex and age, 1961-80

10

6. Payroll employment in goods-and service-producing industries, 1961-80

10

7. Nonagricultural payroll employment by industry, 1961-80

11

8. Persons at work full and part time in nonagricultural industries, 1961-80

12

9. Employment in nonfarm occupations, 1961-80

13

10. Unemployment rates by sex and age, 1961-80

14

11. Unemployment rates by race, 1961-80

14

12. Unemployment rates by major occupational groups, 1961-80

15

13. Duration of unemployment, 1961-80

16

14. Average weekly hours in nonagricultural industries, 1961-80

17

15. Average weekly earnings in nonagricultural industries, 1961-80

17

16. Total private gross and spendable weekly earnings, 1961-80

18

17. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1961-80

18

Chart 7. Labor force and employment
(Seasonally adjusted)

THOUSANDS
11 nnrm
llUUUU

THOUSANDS

11 tw\n

105000

105000

,.s'
..

100000

/

...

Total labor force

95000

,y"

K

y'~

80000

^

/
C vilian labor force
-

A

70000

65000

90000

85000

J

s

,-•-'

75000

95000
/

,J
'/

,/''
90000

85000

100000

^ \

N

-

80000

donas ricurtijrale mplo^^men I

s

75000

70000

r

Tcrtalernptoy men1

S

65000

60000

60000




1 1 1

1 1 1

111

i i i

i i i

1 1 1

i i i

i i i

1 1 I

i i i i

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
SOURCE: Table A-33.

Chart 2. Major unemployment indicators
(Seasonally adjusted)

PERCENT

PERCENT
10.0

10.0
9.0

1

.Unemployment rate,
full-time workers

9.0

8.0

8.0

7.0

7.0

6.0

6.0

5.0

5.0

4.0

4.0

3.0

3.0

2.0

Unemployment rate, both sexes,
25 years and over

2.0
Inemployment rate,, job losers

1.0

1.0

0.0 Lll

* 0.0
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
SOURCE: Tables A-36, A-38, and A-39.

Chart 3. Civilian labor force participation rates by sex and age
PERCENT
90.0 r

80.0

I

I

i—l

Males, 20 years and

1

1

1

(Seasonally adjusted)
i
i
i
1
ii

pERCENT

1

|

|

r—I

1

190.0

80.0

70.0

70.0

60.0

60.0

50.0

50.0

40.0

40.0

H M l l l l l l l l l 130.0
30.0 L±
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
SOURCE: Table A-33.

8




Chart 4. Total employment by sex and age
(Seasonally adjusted)
THOUSANDS

THOUSANDS




57500

57500

55000

55000

52500

52500

50000

50000

47500

45000

<i

47500

Vlale6,20 yean tand over
45000
42500

42500

40000

37500

35000

35000

*

32500

32500

30000

30000

27500

27500
femeles,2 Oyet tsar dove r

25000

25000

22500

22500

20000

17500

15000

12500

1 ocsrvi

10000

10000

7500

7500

5000

2500

"SBoths exes,16-1 9 yetire
5000
in
1961196a 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1960

2500

SOURCE: Table A-33.

9

Chart 5. Employment—population ratios by sex and age
(Seasonally adjusted)

PERCENT
85.0

PERCENT
85.0

80.0

80.0
Males, 20 years and over

75.0

75.0

70.0

70.0

65.0

65.0

60.0

60.0

Total, all workers.

55.0

55.0

50.0

50.0

45.0

45.0
Both sexes, 16-19 years N

40.0

40.0

35.0

35.0

30.0

30.0
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
SOURCE: Table A-33.

Chart 6. Payroll employment in goods-and service-producing industries
(Seasonally adjusted)
RATIO S C A L E THOUSANDS

RATIO S C A L E THOUSANDS

90000

80000

80000

80000
To Bine nagri ajltur

rolei npk)> ment
^

70000

60000
<

.

.

'

70000

60000

'
Servi »-prt dudr 9 Mi stries

50000

50000

. " "

40000

40000

.—-•

30000

30000
3oodj -prod jdng indus

••

20000

20000
19611962 1963 1964 198S 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
NOTE: Data for two most recent months are preliminary.

10




SOURCE: Table B-4.

Chart 7. Nonagricultural payroll employment by industry
(Seasonally adjusted)

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
25000

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
25000
Manufacturing

21000

21000

17000

17000

13000

13000

and local QOVMIIINMII

9000

9000

5000

" ' " M i n i 5000
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1978 1977 1978 1979 I960

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
5500

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
5500

5000
4500
4000

insuranco, and real i

*<\—

2500

Federal government

2000 1 - ^

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1978 1977 1978 1979 I960
RATIO S C A L E THOUSANDS

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
1100

1100
1000

1000

/
900

900

800

800

700

A
V—n

M
*/—

600




T ""A

700

/

1

"VI

1

600

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1960
NOTE: Data for two most recent months are preliminary.

500

SOURCE: Table B-4.

"n

Chart 8. Persons at work full and part time in nonagricultural industries
(Seasonally

THOUSANDS

Full-time

adjusted)

schedules

THOUSANDS

73000

f
/

70500

i

68000

73000

V

70500

/

65500
/

* \
63000

60500

r

55500

J

63000

H

/

58000

65500

60500

f

58000

55500

/
53000

50500

y

/
i i i

48000

50500

1 1 1

1 1 1

i i i

i i i

i i i

i i i

\ i i

I I I I

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

Part-time schedules

THOUSANDS
1 cnnn
150UU

48000

THOUSANDS

12500

12500

We rkers on v >lunt iryp« irt-tinr ie scl iedul

10000

f
7500

/V

r

J

/

V

V-

10000

7500

J

or
5000

5000

forke rs on part time for ec ononlie re asons

\
2500

0

X

w

-

2500

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 I960

SOURCE: Table A-42.

12




0

Chart 9. Employment in nonfarm occupations
(Seasonally adjusted)

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
20000

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
20000

White-collar workers

16000

16000
Clerical workers.

12000

12000
Professional and technical workers

6000

8000
Managers and administrators,
except farm

Sales workers
4000

4000
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
15000

Blue-collar workers

15000
12000

12000
Craft and kindred y

9000

9000

Operatives, except transport

6000

6000

Nonfar TI laborers

3000
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
14000

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
14000

Service workers

13000
(\

12000

13000

r

12000

A*

11000

3000

11000

10000

10000

9000

9000

V

8000

8000

7000




i i i

111

i \ i

1 1 1

1 1 1

111

i i i

7000

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 I960
NOTE: Two breaks in series occurred in 1971 stemming from the reclassification of occupations
introduced in January and from a questionnaire change concerning "major activity" introduced in
December. See "Changes in occupational classification system" in the Explanatory Notes.

SOURCE: Table A-42.

13

Chart 10. Unemployment rates by sex and age
(Seasonally adjusted)
PERCENT
22.5

PERCENT
22.5

20.0

20.0

17.5

17.5

15.0

15.0

12.5

12.5

10.0

10.0

7.5

7.5

5.0

I. A **-*•

romaleo, 20 years and over

,

5.0

2.5

2.5
20 years and over

0.0

IlllllMll

0.0

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1960

SOURCE: Table A-36.

Chart 11. Unemployment rates by race
(Seasonally adjusted)
PERCENT
20.0

PERCENT
20.0

15.0

Bla< k a m lothi
v

10.0

.

s^ »

15.0

0

*

^

10.0

5.0

5.0
— - ' •

Vhite
•

0.0

11

1 1 1

f * i

1 1 1

i I i |

0.0

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1960

Ratio of black to white unemployment rate
RATIO
3.00

RATIO
3.00

2.50

2.00

1

AnV

2.50

\L

V!\

f\

/

LA

JA

i 1

/

2.00

1.50
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1989 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SOURCE: Table A-35.

14




Chart 12. Unemployment rates by major occupational groups
(Seasonally adjusted)
PERCENT
10.0

PERCENT
10.0

White-collar workers
7.5

7.5

5.0

5.0

2.5

2.5

Professional and 1
0.0

0.0
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
PERCENT
20.0

17.5

15.0

12.5

10.0

7.5

5.0

2.5

0.0

0.0
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

PERCENT

PERCENT

10.0

Se/v/c ea/7dfa r/w ivor> rers
7.5

5.0

2.5

u \

r "i

Sen/ice v rorkei
V

A




>i

V

V
A
J

»

vsA

V

iA\

1%I

i

7.5

*
V

,A iAf. AT
V '/ f
*
Farm work ers
^

A

^ \

0.0

i "

10.0

5.0
i

JVr»
2.5

i i |

0.0

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1960
SOURCE: Table A-36.

15

Chart 13. Duration of unemployment
(Seasonally adjusted)

Number of workers unemployed
RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
10200

RATIO SCALETHOUSANDS
10200
7700

7700

Total

5200

5200
-*£

2700

2700

Less than 5 weeks

•y'% *'m*y f ^*J-» / < * / ^
5 to 14 weeks.

/

V
200

15 weeks and over

^
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1960

Percent of civilian labor force

PERCENT

200

PERCENT
10.0

10.0

7.5

7.5

Total unemployed

5.0

5.0
Less than 5 weeks
2.5

2.5

J

5«>14w8eks.

v

15 weeks and over

0.0

0.0

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1960

Average duration of unemployment
WEEKS
20.0

WEEKS
20.0

17.5
15.0
12.5

17.5

A.
/ \

10.0 ,

V

/

\A
\s\

V

/
/

t\

15.0

V

12.5

V

7.5

10.0

7.5

5.0

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 I960
SOURCE: Table A-37.

16




Chart 14. Average weekly hours in nonagricultural industries
(Seasonally adjusted)

HOURS
43 0

HOURS

If"

J

40.0

M i inufa<rturin

V

\

40.0

p

r\

37.0

37.0
T p t e l n rivate

34.0

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

Overtime hours in manufacturing

HOURS
c n
5.0

2.5

0.0

HOURS
c n

\.

\

j

34.0

2.5

y

0.0
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
'Annual averages prior to 1964.
MOTE: Data for two most recent months are preliminary.

SOURCE: Table C-7.

Chart 15. Average weekly earnings in nonagricultural industries
(Seasonally adjusted)
DOLLARS
•MM nn

DOLLARS
ton no
300.00

275.00

275.00

250.00

f

/
250.00

/

225.00

225.00

/
/

200.00

y

/

175.00
M i nufecturirn

i>

150.00

/

//

/

200.00

t

175.00

V

150.00
""-"Ft rtalpriVBtBC stablfc thmo nts1

125.00

125.00
,—^

100.00

100.00

75.00




75.00
19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
1Annual averages prior to 1964.
JOTE: Data for two most recent months are preliminary.

SOURCE: Tables C-7 and C-9.

17

Chart 16. Total private gross and spendable weekly earnings
{Seasonally adjusted)
DOLLARS
250.00 I

|

i

1

1

i

i

|

I

I

I

1—T

1

1

i—!

1

DOLLARS
1—^i 250.00

1

225.00

225.00

200.00

200.00

175.00

175.00

y
150.00

150.00

\

y

Gross earnings in current dollars

Spendable earnings
in current dollars 1
125.00

125.00
earnings in 1967 dollars

100.00

100.00

y*~
Spendable earnings in 1967 dollars 1 '
75.00

75.00

1

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
Married worker with three dependents.

NOTE: Data prior to 1964 are annual averages. Data for current month are preliminary.

SOURCE: Table C-9.

Chart 17. Labor turnover rates //? manufacturing
(Seasonally adjusted,
PER 100
EMPLOYEES
7 K

PER 100
EMPLOYEES

f c

A ccess Jonsv
5.0

J

A.

A

\

\
*

i

5.0

/

\

/

,„%/
\

2.5

\

^ '

f

/**-*

2.5

J

Ne whir e s ^
0.0

...
19611962 1963 1964 1966 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

PER 100

PER 100
EMPLOYEES

EMPLOYEES

4.0

4.0

3.0

>

3.0

k

luhs
2.0

0.0

V

\ A

i
i

2.0
/ ^

/'
••v-'

1.0

1.0

-

*
Layo
1 1

0.0

YOTE: Data for current month are preliminary.

18




1

i

i

i

1 1

1

1 1 1

IIII

19611962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

SOURCE: Table D 3

0.0

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of ths noninttitutional population 16 years and over,1947 to data
(Numbri In thousands]

_____
Civilian labor forea
Total labor forea
Total
Unamployad

Year and month
Total

ToUl

Agriculturt

of
labor
forea

oultural
industrial

Annual averages

TOTAL
1947
1948
1949
1950.......
1951

103,41(3
104,527
105,611
106,64 5
107,721

60,941
62,080
62,903
63,858
65,117

58.9
59.4
59.6
59.9
60.4

59,350
60,621
61,286
62,208
62,017

57,038
58,343
57,651
58,918
59,961

7,890
7,629
7,658
7,160
6,726

49,148
5Q,714
49,993
51#758
53,235

2,311
2,276
3,637
3,288
2,055

3.9
3.8
5.9
5.3
3.3

42,477
42,447
42,708
42,787
42,604

1952.
1953 1
1954
1955
1956

10 0,823
110,601
111,671
112,732
113,011

65,730
66,560
66,993
65,072
69,409

60. 4
60.2
60. 0
60. 4
61.0

62,138
63,015
63,643
65,023
66,552

60,250
61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799

6,500
6,260
6,205
6,450
6,263

53,749
54,919
53,904
55,722
57,514

1,883
1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750

3.0
2.9
5.5
4.4
4. 1

43,093

1957
1958
1959
I960 1
1961

115,065
116,363
117,861
119,759
121,343

69,729
70,275
70,921
72,142
73,031

60.6
60.4
60.2
60.2
60.2

66,929
67,639
60,369
69,628
70,459

64,071
b3,036
64,630
65,778
65,746

5,947
5,586
5,565
5,458
5,200

58,123
57,450
59,065
60,318
60,546

2,859
4,602
3,740
3,852
4,714

4.3
6.8
5.5
5.5
6.7

45,336
46,088
46,960
47,617
48,312

1962 '
1963
1964
1965
1966

122,931
125,154
127,224
129,236
131,180

73,442
74,571
75,030
77,178
78,893

59.7
59. 6
59. o
59.7
60. 1

70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770

66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895

4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979

61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915

3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875

5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.6

49,539

1967
1968..
1969......•
1970
1971

133,319
135,562
137,841
140,162
142,596

80,793
82,272
84,240
83,903
86,929

60.6
60.7
61. 1
61.3
61. 0

77,347
78,737
80,734
82,715
84,113

74,372
75,920
77,902
78,627
79,120

3,844
3,817
3,606
3,462
3,387

70,527
72,103
74,296
75,165
75,732

2,975
2,817
2,832
4,088
4,993

3.8
3.6
3.5
4.9
5.9

52,527
53,291
53,602
54,280
53,666

1972 1
1973 \
1974.......
1975.
1976

145,775
148,263
150,827
153,449
156,048

d8,991
91,040
93,240
94,793
96,917

61. 0
61.4
61.8
61. 8
62.1

86,542
83,714
91,011
92,613
94,773

01,702
84,409
85,933
84,783
87,485

3,472
3,452
3,492
3,380
3,297

76,230
80,957
82,443
61,403
84,188

4,840
4,304
5,076
7,830
7,288

5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7

56,785
57,222
57,587
58,655
59,130

>977.
197S*

1!>8,b59
161,058
163,620

99,534
102,537
1.04, 9'J6

-62.8
63. 7
64.2

97,401
100,420
102,90*3

90,546
94,373
96,945

3,244
3,342
3,297

67,302
91,031
93,648

6,855
6,047
5,963

7.0
6.0
5.8

59,025
58,521
58,623

44,041
44,678
44,660
44,402

50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288

Monthly data, Maternally adjusted3

1979:
March....
April...•
May.,-...
June.. . . .
July
August...
September
October..
November.
December.

162,909
163,008
163,260
163,469
163,685
163,891
164,10o
164,468
164,682
164,898

104,595
104,230
104,47b
104,552
105, 175
105,218
103,500
10 5,638
105,744
10o,068

64.2
64. 0
64. 0
64. 0
64. 3
64.2
.64. 3
64.3
64.2
64.3

102,505
102, 198
102,396
102,476
103,093
103,128
103,494
103,595
103,652
103,999

96,623
96,254
96,495
96,652
97,184
97,004
97,504
97,474
97,608
97,912

3,320
3,215
3,246
3,24 3
3,267
3,315
3,364
3,294
3,385
3,359

93,303
93,039
93,249
93,409
93,917
93,689
94,140
94,180
94,223
94,553

5,882
5,944
5,903
5,824'
5,909
6,124
5,990
6,121
6,044
6,087

5.7
5.8
5.8
5.7
5.7
5.9
5.8
5.9
5.8
5.9

58,314
58,728
58,784
58,917
58,511
58,673
58,519
58,780
58,93 7
58,810

165,101
165,298
165,506

106,310
106,340
10b, 134.

64. 4
64.3
64.2

104,229
104,260
104,094

97,804
97,953
97,656

3,^70
3,326
3,358

94,534
94,626
94,298

6,425
6,307
6,438

6.2
6.0
6.2

58,791
58,951
59,322

1980:
January..
February.
March....

1
Not strictly comparable with data for prior yaars. For an axplanation, see "Historic
Comparability" undar tht Housahold Data saction of tha Explanatory Notas.




3
Bacausa saasonality, by dafinition, doas not axist in population figurai, data for
"total noninstitutional population" are not saasonally adjusted.

19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1967 to date
[Numbers in thousands]
Civilian labor force

Total labor force

Total
Year, month, and sex

noninstitutional
population

Employed

Number

Percent
of
population

Total
Agriculture

Total

Unemployed
Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
MALES
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979

64,316
65,345

66,365
07,409
6 0,512
69,864
71,020
72,253
73,494
7 4,73 9
7 5,981
77,169
78,397

52,396
53,030
53,688
54,343
54,797
55,671
56,479
57,349
57,7 06
58,397
59,46 7
60,535
t>1, 46 6

40,987
49,533
50,221
51,195
52,021
53,265
54,203
55,186
55,615
56,359
57,449
58,542
59,517

81. 5
81.2
80. 9
80.6
80.0
79.7
79. 5
79.4
78.5
78. 1
78.3
78.4
78. 4

47,479
48,114
48,818
48,960
49,245
50,630
51,963
52,518
51,230
52,391
53,861
55,491
56,499

3,164
3,157
2,963
2,861
2,790
2,839
2,833
2,900
2,801
2,716
2,639
2,681
2,645

44,315
44,957
45,855
46,099
46,455
47,791
49,130
49,618
48,429
49,675
51,222
52,810
53,854

1,508
1,419
1,403
2,235
2,776
2 , 635
2,240
2,668
4,385
3,968
3,588
3,051
3,018

3.1
2.9
2.8
4.4
5.3
4.9
4-1
4.8
7.9
7.0
6.2
5.2
5.1

11,919
12,315
12,677
13,066
13,715
14,193
14,541
14,904
15,788
16,341
16,514
16,634
16,931

Monthly data, seasonally idjutttd 2
1979:
March. . . .
April....
May
July
August.. .
September
October..
November.
December.

7 8,058
78,105
78,225
7b,323
78,127
78,525
78,627
78,805
78,90b
7 9,00 9

01,376
t» 1 , 2 4 0
t>1,257
6 1,311
61,54 0
6 1,4il
6 1 , 7 59
o1,675
61,652
61,76 2

78.6
78. 4
78.3
73.3
78.5
78.2
78.5
78.3
78. 1
78. 2

59,421
59,293
59,313
59,370
59,597
59,491
59,812
59,727
59,704
59,823

56,449
56,294
56,372
56,477
56,570
56,4 08
56,714
56,629
56,580
56,734

2,656
2,593
2,608
2,600
2,614
2,650
2,677
2,666
2,716
2,714

53,793
53,701
53,764
53,877
53,956
53,758
54,037
53,963
53,864
54,020

2,972
2,999
2,941
2,893
3,027
3,083
3,098
3,098
3,124
3,089

5.0
5.1
5.0
4.9
5. 1
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2

16,682
16,865
16,968
17,012
16,887
17,088
16,867
17,130
17,255
17,247

79,104
75, 196
79,295

61,810
61,951
o1,976

78. 1
78. 2
76.2

59,878
60,014
60,042

56,486
56,732
56,601

2,665
2,702
2,706

53,821
54,029
53,895

3,392
3, 283
3,441

5.7
5.5
5.7

17,295
17,245
17,319

680
660
64 3
601
598
633
619
592
579
5 82
605
661
652

26,212
27,147
28,441
29,066
29,277
30,439
31,827
32,825
32,973
34,513
36,080
38,221
39,794

1,468
1,397
1,429
1,853
2,217
2,205
2,064
2,408
3,445
3,320
3,267
2,996
2,945

5.2
4.8
4.7
5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

40,608
40,976
40,924
41,214
41,952
42,591
42,681
42,683
42,868
42,789
42,510
41,887
41,692

1980:
Ja mi a r y . .
February.
March. . . .

Annual averages
FEMALES
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979.....

"
'

69,uO3
70,217
71,476
72,774
74,084
75,911
77,242
78,575
7 9 , 9 54
81,309
82,577
8 3,89 0
85,223

28,395
29,242
3 0,551
31,560
3 2,132
33,320
34,561
3 5 , 8 92 '
3 7#087
3 8,5-iG
40,0b7
4 2 , 002
4 3,531

41.2
41.6
42.7
43. 4
43. 4
43.9
44. 7
45.7
46. 4
47.4
46. 5
50. 1
51. 1

28,360
29,204
30,513
31,520
32,091
33,277
34,510
35,825
36,998
38,414
39,952
41,878
43,391

26,893
27,807
29,084
29,667
29,875
31,072
32,446
33,417
33,553
35,095
36,685
38,682
40,446

1vtonth1y^teta,TBWonatty adjusted2
1979:
March
April
May

.

July
August . . .
September
Octouer..
November.
December.

85,035
85,145
85,259
85,3o6
85,479
85,6b3
8 5,77 5
85,889

43,220
43,040
4 3 , 220
43,241
43,635
4 3,782
4 3,827
4 4,013
4 4 , 0 93
4*,326

50.9
50.7
50. 8
50.8
51. 2
51.3
51. 3
51. 4
51.4
51.6

43,084
42,905
43,085
43, 106
43,496
43,637
43,682
43,868
4 3,94 8
4 4 , 176

40,174
39,960
40,123
40,175
40,614
40,596
40,790
40,845
41,028
41,178

664
622
638
C43
653
665
687
628
669
645

39,510
39,338
39,485
39,532
39,961
39,931
4 0,103
40,217
40,3 59
40,533

2,910
2 # 945
2,962
2,931
2,882
3,041
2,892
3,023
2,920
2,998

6.8
6.9
6.9
6.8
6.6
7.0
6.6
6.9
6.6
6.8

41,632
41,863
41,815
41,905
41,624
41,585
41,652
41,651
41,683
41,563

8 5,99 7
86, 102
8 6,211

44,501
4 4 , 3 96
44, 2J9

51. 7
51.6
51.3

44,352
44,246
44,052

41,318
41,221
41,054

605
624
651

40,713
4 0,597
40,403

3,034
3,025
2,997

6.8
6.8
6.6

41,495
41,706
42,002

84,85 1
84,903

1980:
January..
February.
March. . . .

See footnote 1, table A-1.

20




-

See footnote 2, table A-1.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-3. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race
[Numbers in thousands]

March 1980

Total labor fore*

Civilian labor force

Not in labor force

Sex, age, and race
Percent
of

Unable
to

Going
to

Employed
of
labor

MALES

61,317
8,336
4,893
1,928
2,96 5

77-3
65.7
58.3
46.7
69,5

59,303
7,695
4,617
1,912
2,705

55,484
6,494
3,860
1,553
2,307

3,898
1,202
757
359
3 98

6.6
15.6
16.4
18.8
14.7

17,979
4,350
3,506
2,203
1,303

319
17
11
7
4

4,556
3,773
3,129
2,032
1,097

1,942
28
14
7
7

11,161
532
352
157
194

54,55o
8,873
38,516
8,721
8,000
6,452
5,339
5,002
5,002

89.3
85.8
94.2
94.6
95.7
95.7
95.1
93.2
89.3

52,899
8,143
37,590
8,359
7,747
6,263
5,253
4,972
4,995

49,802
7,157
35,734
7,708
7,357
5,991
5,071
4,793
4,815

3,096
986
1 , 856
651
390
272
183
180
181

5.9
12.1
4.9
7.8
5.0
4.3
3.5
3.6
3.6

6,557
1,464
2,385
497
355
290
2 75
3 67
600

151
9
92
6
15
24
16
10
20

1,424
1,063
353
211
83
25
15
9
11

1,369
49
723
54
91
99
95
141
243

3,613
343
1,216
227
166
143
148
207
326

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years . .
60 to 64 years . .

7, 167
4,370
2,797

72.6
81.4
62.1

7,166
4,369
2,797

6,911
4,230
2,682

255
139
115

3,6
3.2
4.1

2,708
1,001
1,706

49
22
27

8
5
3

597
320
277

2,054
654
1,400

65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over . .

1,867
1,09 3
774

19.1
28.7
13.0

1 ,067
1,093
774

1,822
1,065
757

45
28
17

2.4
2.6
2.2

7,916
2,721
5,195

157
57
100

4
3
1

559
189
370

7,196
2,472
4,724

54,552
7,349
4,371
1,7b 0
2,61 1

78.2
68.3
61.6
50.7
72.0

53,053
6,871
4,165
1,747
2,U18

49,913
5,909
3,554
1,445
2,108

3,140
962
611
301
310

5.9
14.0
14.7
17.2
12,S

15,187
3,405
2,725
1,711
1,015

251
11
8
7
1

3,621
2,986
2,449
1,584
865

1,536
20
10
4
6

9,780
387
259
116
143

20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

48,488
7,701
34,204
14,747
10,505
8,953

90.1
86.8
94.9
95.8
96.1
92.1

47,196
7,156
33,459
14,263
10,275
0,921

44,700
6,370
31,966
13,439
9,902
8,626

2,495
786
1,492
824
373
2S5

5.3
11.0
4.5
5.8
3.6
3.3

5,352
1,169
1,846
651
427
768

101
5
55
21
16
19

1,170
894
271
228
29
14

1,082
34
564
110
145
309

2,999
236
957
293
238
426

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

6,1>83
4,002
2,581
1,692

73.8
82.7
63.3
19.2

6,582
4,000
2,581
1 ,b92

6,364
3,881
2,483
1,659

218
120
98
34

3.3
3.0
3.8
2.0

2,337
839
1,498
7,110

41
16
26
142

5
3
2
2

484
256
228
444

1,807
564
1,242
6,522

6/765
987
522
168
354

70.8
51.1
40. 1
2 5.4
55.1

6,330
825
452
165
287

5,571
584
306
107
199

758
240
146
58
88

12.0
29. 1
32.3
35.0
30.8

2,791
946
781
493
288

68
6
4

936
787
680
448
232

406
8
4
3
1

1,381
145
93
42
51

6,063
1,17 2
4,312
1,973
1,287
1,051

83.4
79,9
88.9
90.7
90.3
84.1

5,702
987
4,132
1,843
1,242
1,047

5,102
787
3,768
1,626
1,160
981

600
200
364
216
81
6o

10.5
20.3
8.8
11.7
6.6
6.3

1,204
295
539
202
138
199

49
4
37
25
12

255
169
83
66
11
6

287
15
159
35
49
75

614
107
259
100
53
106

584
3b8
216
175

61.2
69.4
50.0
17.8

584
368
216
175

547
349
198
163

37
19
18
12

371
162
209
806

8
7
1
15

3
2
1
1

113
64
49
115

247
90
157
674

16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years

White
16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

Black and other
16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years . .
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years . . *
60 to 64 years
65 years and over




o.3
5.3
8. 1
6.6

21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-3. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sax, age, and race—Continued
[Numbers in thousands]

March 1980
Not in labor force

Total labor f o n t

Sax, aga, and raoa

Total

Othar

Total

44,125
6,745
4,006
1,546
2,460

51.2
54.3
48.8
38.7
56.4

43,968
6,683
3,97-9
1,545
2,433

41,062
5,740
3,307
1,245
2,062

2,906
943
672
300
372

6.6
14.1
16.9
19.4
15.3

42,086
5,674
4,200
2,449
1,751

30,991
1,325
605
164
441

4,703
3,907
3,284
2,155
1,129

1,401
27
13
13

4,992
414
298
131
168

20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years . . .
25 to 54 years . . .
25 to 29 years .
30 to 34 years .
35 to 39 years .
40 to 44 years .
45 to 49 years .
50 to 54 years .

38,970
6,908
27,458
6,32 5
5,040
4,627
3,989
3,548
3,428

6 0.9
66.9
64.3
67.3
64.6
65.3
67.0
62.7
57.0

38,841
6,832
27,405
6,28fl
5,529
4,624
3,987
3,54 8
3,428

36,649
6,216
25,954
5,848
5,212
4,390
3,812
3,409
3,283

2,193
616
1,451
440
318
234
176
138
145

5.6
9.0
5.3
7.0
5.7
5.1
4.4
3.9
4.2

25,071
3,417
15,225
3,069
3,032
2,460
1,969
2,113
2,582

21,067
2,168
13,620
2,688
2,767
2,234
1,775
1,894
2,262

1,412
981
422
177
95
74
43
21
12

6 63
30
345
23
41
40
40
67
134

1,930
238
836
180
129
112
110
131
174

55 to 64 years . . .
55 to 59 years .
60 to 64 years .

4,605
2,86 9
1,736

41.7
48.6
33.8

U,605
2,869
1,736

4,479
2,801
1,677

126
68
58

2.7
2.4
3.4

6,430
3,036
3,394

5,279
2,577
2,702

8
5
4

287
147
140

856
308
548

65 years and over . . .
65 to 69 years . . .
70 years and over .

1,148
716
432

8.2
15.0
4.7

1,148
716
432

1,106
679
427

42
37
6

3.7
5. 1
1.3

12,815
4,044
8,770

9,319
3,146
6,173

7
5
2

725
127
599

2,763
767
1,996

38,267
5,957
3,578
1,408
2,171

51.0
57.1
52.0
42.1
61.2

38,151
5,912
3,559
1,407
2,152

35,932
5,184
3,033
1,160
1,873

2,218
728
526
2 47
279

5.8
12.3
14.8

36,724
4,483
3,306
1,932
1,376

27,662
1,067
484
135
349

3,654
3,083
2,587
1,702
885

1,071
14

4,336

7

229
95

20 to 64 years
20to24years . . .
25 to 54 years . . .
25 to 34 years .
36 to 44 yean .
45 to 54 years .

33,668

33,571

10,06b
7,391
6,102

60.7
68.7
63.9
65.5
t>5.6
59.8

23,518
10,031
7,337
6,101

31,914
5,496
22,413
9,481
7,061
5,871

1,657
440
1,106
550
326
230

4.9
7.4
4.7
5.5
4.4
3.8

21,793
2,726
13,261
5,297
3,881
4,103

16,596
1,775
12,022
4,813
3,544
3,665

1,059
750
304
185
93
26

490
20
260
53
62
145

1,648
182
695
246
183
266

55 to 64 years . . .
55 to 59 years .
60 to 64 years .
65 years and over . . .

4, 116
2,555
1,5*11
1,021

41.6
48.3
33.8
8.1*

4,116
2,555
1,5b1
1,021

4,005
2,497
1,509
986

111
58
53
35

2.7
2.3
3.4
3.5

5,785
2,729
3,056
11,623

4,798
2,344
2,454
8,582

210
106
104
574

772
276
496
2,459

16 years and o v e r . . .
1 6 t o 2 1 years . . .
16 to 19 y e a r s . . .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

5,058
788
428
139
28 9

52.2
39.8
32.4
21.2
43.5

5,817
771
420
139
282

5,129
556
274
86
189

686
216
146
53
93

11.8
27.9
34.7
38.0
33.0

5,363
1,191
892
517
375

3,329
258
120
29

1,048
824
696
453
244

330
13
6

656
95
70
36
34

20 to 64 VMM
20to24years . . .
25to64years . . .
26 to 34 years .
36 to 44 years .
46 to 64 years .

5,302
915
3,898
1,799
1,225
874

61.8
57.0
66.7
69.1
69.1
59.6

5,270
895
3,885
1,787
1,224
874

4,735
720
3,541
1,579
1,141
821

535
175
345
208
83
53

10.2
19.6

2,472
393

6. 1

3,279
691
1,943
804
547
592

352
231
119
87
25
7

172
11
85
11
18
55

282
56
141
63
40
39

55to64yeart . . .
66 to 69 years .
60 to 64 years .
66 ytars and over . . .

489
315
174
127

43.1
50.6
34.0

489
315
174
127

473
305
169
120

16
10
5
7

3.2
3.2
3.1
5.4

645
3 07
338
1,191

481
233
248
736

3
1
2

77
41
36
152

84
32
52
304

16 years and o v e r . . .
18 to 21 years . . .
16 to 19 years . . .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

White
16 years and o v e r . . .
16 to 21 y e a r s . . .
16 to 19 years . . .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

5,993
23,558

5,936

n.e
13.0

5
3 •
2
8

319

134

Black and other

22




9.6

8.9
11.6

6.8

92

1,598
642
464
491

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-4.

Labor force by sex, age, and race
Civilian labor foroa

Total labor fore*

Sex,tot, and race

Thousands of parsons

Participation ratas

ttar.
1979

Mar.
1980

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

60,638
4,961
1,973
2,987

61,317
4, 893
1,928
2,965

77.7
58.7
47.1
70.2

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

8,751
37,864
16,191
11,537
10,1136

8, 873
38,516
16,720
11,792
10,004

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

7,136
U,368
2,769
1,906

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

Thousands of parsons

Participation ratas

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

77.3
58.3
46.7
69.5

58,683
4,679
1,961
2,718

59,383
4,617
1,912
2,705

77.1
57.3
47.0
68.2

76.8
56.8
46.5
67.5

85.6
94.5
95.2
96.0
91.8

85.8
94.2
95. 1
95.4
91.2

8,003
36,959
15,581
11,259
10,120

8,143
37,590
16,106
11,516
9,968

64.4
94.4
95.1
95.9
91.8

84.8
94.0
95.0
95.3
91.2

7,167
4,370
2,797
1,867

73.2
81.7
62.8
19.9

72.6
81.4
6 2.1
19.1

7,135
4,367
2,768
1,906

7,166
4,369
2,797
1,867

73.2
81.7
62.8
19.9

72.6
81.4
62.1
19.1

33,888
4,387
1,781
2,t>06

54,552
4,371
1,760
2,611

78.4
61.3
50.4
71.9

78.2
61.6
50.7
72.0

52,337
4,169
1,771
2,398

53,053
4,165
1,747
2,418

77.9
60.1
50.3
70.2

77.7
60.4
50.5
70.4

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

7,558
33,695
14,326
10,273
9,096

7,701
34,204
14,747
10,505
8,953

85.9
95.2
95.9
96.6
92.6

86.8
94.9
95.8
96.1
92.1

6,983
32,938
13,835
10,039
9,064

7,156
33,459
14,263
10,275
8,921

84.9
95.1
95.8
96.5
92.6

86.0
94.8
95.6
96.0
92.1

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

0,523
3,992
2,531
1,726

6,583
4,002
2,581
1,692

74.0
32.8
63.3
20.0

73.8
82.7
63.3
19.2

6,522
3,991
2,531
1,726

6,582
4,000
2,581
1,692

73.9
82.8
63.3
20.0

73.8
82.7
63.3
19.2

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

6,7i>0

6,765

574
192
382

522
168
354

72.7
44.5
29.3
60.4

70.8
40.1
25.4
55.1

6,346
510
191
319

6,330
452
165
287

71.4
41.6
29.1
56.0

69.4
36.7
25.1
49.9

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

1,193
4,190
1,865
1,264
1,060

1 , 172
4,312
1 , 973
1,287
1,051

83.6
89.4
90.2
91.5
85.7

79.9
86.9
90.7
•90.3
64.1

1,021
4,022
1,747
1,219
1,056

987
4, 132
1,8*3
1,242
1,047

81.3
89.0
89.6
91.2
85.7

77.0
88.5
90.1
90.0
84.1

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

613
375
238
1d0

584

65.7
71.2
5C.C
19.0

61.2
69.4
50.6
17.8

613
375
238
180

584
368
216
175

65.7
71.2
58.6
19.0

61.2
69.4
50.8
17.8

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

Mai.
1979

riar.
1980

MALES

Whita

Black and othtr




36 8
216
175

23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-4. Labor force by sex, age, and race—Continued
Total labor foroa

Sex, age, and race

Thousands of parsons,

Civilian labor forea

Participation ratas

Participation ratas

Har.
1979

Mar.
1980

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

43,118
4,215
1,711
2,504

4 4 , 125
4,006
1,546
2,460

50.8
51.0
42.2
59.5

51.2
48.9
J8.7
58.4

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

7,042
26,022
11,048
8,0t>3
6,911

6,906
27,458
11,865
8,616
6,976

69.0
62.2
63.6
b3.6
58.6

66.9
64.3
66.0
6o.0
59.8

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,655
2,909
1,747
1,183

4,605
2,869
1,736
1 , 148

42.7
49.5
34.8
8.7

41.7

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

37,326
3,736
1,560
2,226

38,267
3,578
1,408
2 , 171

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

6,063
22,301
9,369
t>,898
6,034

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

Mac.
1979

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

42,982
4,193
1,711
2,482

43,966
3,979
1,545
2,433

50.7
50.9
42.2
59.3

51.1
48.6
38.7
58.?

6,973
11,009
8,059
6,910

6,832
27,405
11,818
8,612
6,975

68.8
62.1
63.5
63.6
58.6

66.7
64.3
66.0
66.0
59.8

48.6
33.8
8.2

4,655
2,909
1,747
1,183

4,605
2,869
1,736
1, 148

42.7
49.5
34.6
8.7

41.7
48.6
33.8
8.2

50.5
54.5
45.9
62.7

51.0
52.0
42.1
61.2

37,220
3 # 769
1,560
2,209

38,151
3,559
1,407
2,152

50.4
54.4
45.9
62.6

51.0
51.8
42. 1
61.0

5,993
23,558
10,066
7,391
6 , 102

70.1
61.6
62.9
62.9
58.3

68.7
63.9
65.5
65.6
59.8

6,009
22,267
9,339
6,895
6,033

5,936
23,518
10,031
7,387
6,101

70.0
61.6
62.8
62.9
58.3

68.5
63.9
65.4
65.6
59.8

4,102
2,584
1,56»
1 ,023

4,116
2,555
1,561
1,021

42.4
49.1
34.6
8.3

41.6
48.3
33.8
8.1

4,152
2,584
1,568
1,023

4,116
2,555
1,561
1,021

42.4
49.1
34.6
8.3

41.6
48.3
33.8
8.1

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

5,792
429
151
278

5,858
428
139
289

53.1
32.7
23.1
42.2

52.2
32.4
21.2
43.5

5,762
424
151
273

5,817
420
139
262

53.0
32.4
23.0
41.8

52.0
32.0
21.1

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

9 79
3,721
1,678
1,165
b77

915
3,898
1,799
1,225
874

62.4
65.9
67.6
68.0
60.6

57.0
66.7
69.1
69.1
59.6

964
3,711
1,669
1,165
877

895
3,885
1,787
1,224
874

62.1
65.9
67.5
68.0
60.6

56.5
66.6
69.0
69.1
59.6

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

503
325
178
160

489
315
174
127

45.7
53.0
36.5
12.5

43.1
50.6
34.0
9.6

503
325
178
160

489
315
174
127

45.7
53.0
36.5
12.5

43.1

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

Mar.
1980

FEMALES

25,978

White

Black and other

24




42.9

50.6
34.0
9.6

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-5.

Employment status of black workers by sex and age

[Numbers In thousands]

March 1980
Civilian labor fore*

Sex and age
Not in

cultural

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years . . ,
18 to 19 years . . ,

10,288
740
250
491

8,978
471
151
319

207
8
4
5

8,771
462
148
315

1,310
270
98
171

12.7
36.4
39.3
34.9

7,012
1,482
903
579

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years . . .
35 to 44 years . .
45 to 54 years . .

1,610
6,752
3,051
2,084
1,617

1 ,264
6,117
2,672
1,934
1,511

27
135
41
51
43

1,237
5,982
2,631
1,883
1,468

346
635
379
150
106

21.5
9.4
12.4
7.2
6.6

846
2,029
775
579
675

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years . .
60 to 64 years . . ,
65 years and over . .

919
582
337
2fa7

874
559
315
252

23
15
8
14

851
544
307
238

45
23
22
15

4.9
3.9
6.4
5.8

913
419
495
1,741

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years . . .
18to 19years . . .

5,344
390
138
253

4,655
253
85
167

181
6
2
5

4,474
246
84
163

689
13G
52
85

12.9
35.4
37.7
33.6

2,411
684
441
243

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years . . .
35to44years . . .
45 to 54 years . . .

845
3,467
1,535
1,046
8 8b

663
3,137
1,340
972
825

23
117
34
42
41

641
3,020
1,306
930
784

182
330
195
74
61

21.5
9.5
12.7
7. 1
b.9

244
456
156
126
174

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years . . .
60 to 64 years . . .
65 years and over . . .

495
314
181
147

463
299
164
138

22
15
6
14

441
284
158
125

32
15
17
8

6.5
4.8
9.4
5.4

339
146
194
687

16 years and over .
16 to 19 years .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

4,944
350
112
238

4,323
218
66
152

26
2
2

4,297
216
64
152

621
132
46
86

12.6
37.7
41.1
36.0

4,601
798
462
336

20 to 24 years .
25 to 54 years .
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

765
3,28b
1,516
1,038
731

601
2,980
1,332
962
636

4
18
7
9
2

596
2,962
1,325
953
684

164
305
184
76
45

21.5
9.3
12.2
7.3
6.2

602
1,573
619
453
501

55 to 64 years . . .
56 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

424
268
156
120

411
260
151
114

410
260
149
113

13
8
5
7

3.0
2.9
3.2
5.6

574
273
301
1,054

Males

Fi

NOTE: According to the 1970 Census, black workers comprised about 89 percent of the
"black and other" population group.




25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-6.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Males. 20 years and over

Total

Females, 20 years and over

Both sexes, 16-19 years

Employment status and race

Mar.
1979

flar.
1980

War.
1979

Har.
1980

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

liar.
1979

flar.
1980

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population
Total labor force
Percent of population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force

,

162,909
103,756
63.7
101,6 65
95,501
2,925
92,5 76
6 ,1 65
6.1
59,153

165,506
105,441
63.7
103,351
96,546
2,962
93,584
6,805
6.6
60,065

69,612
55,677
80.0
54,004
51,487
2, 176
49,310
2,518
4.7
13,934

70,896
56,423
79.6
54,766
51,624
2,217
49,407
3,141
5.7
14,473

76,589
38,902
50.8
38,790
36,592
478
36,114
2,197
5.7
37,686

78,005
40,118
51.4
39,9 89
37,755
471
37,283
2,235
5.6
37,886

16,709
9,176
54.9
8,871
7,422
271
7,152
1,449
16.3
7,533

16,606
8,900
53.6
8,596
7,167
274
6,893
1,429
16.6
7,706

142,720
91,214
63.9
89,558
84,770
2,640
82,131
4,78«
5.3
51,506

144,730
92,819
64.1
91,204
85,845
2,698
83,147
5,358
5.9
51,911

61,615
49,502
80.3
48,168
46,221
1,940
44,281
1,947
4.0
12,113

62,642
50,180
80.1
48,888
46,359
1,998
4<*,361
2,529
5.2
12,462

66,999
33,539
50.1
33,452
31,765
444
31,321
1,687
5.0
33,460

68,105
34,689
50.9
34,592
32,900
440
32,460
1,692
4.9
33,416

14,106
8,173
57.9
7,938
6,784
256
6,529
1,153
14.5
5,933

13,982
7,950
56.9
7,723
6,587
261
6,326
1,137
14.7
6,033

20,189
12,541
62.1
12,108
10,731
285
10,446
1,377

20,777
12,623
60.8
12,147
10,701
264
10,437
1,446
11.9
8,154

7,997
6,176
77.2
5,836
5,266
236
5,029
571
9.8
1,821

8,253
6,243
75.6
5,877
5,265
219
5,046
612
10.4
2,010

9,590
5,363
55.9
5,338
4,827
34
4,793
510
9.6
4,227

9,900
5,429
54.8
5,397
4,855
32
4,823
542
10.0
4,470

2,603
1,003
38.5
934
638
15
623
296
31.7
1,600

2,624
950
36.2
873
581
13
567
292
33.5
1,673

White
Total noninstitutional population
Total labor force
Percent of population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force

,

Black and other
Total noninstitutional population
Total labor force
Percent of population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force

26




11.4

7,648

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-7. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 18-21 years of age by race and sex
[Numbers in thousands)

March 1980
Black and other
Employment status
Both
sexes

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population
Total labor force
Percent of population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries...
Unemployed
Looking for full-time work . .
Looking for part-time work .
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force

25,106
15,082
60.1

12,687
8,336
65.7

12,420
6,745
54.3

21,195
13,307
62.8

10,754
7,349
68.3

10,441
5,957
57.1

3,912
1,775
45.4

1,933
987
51. 1

1,979
788
39.8

14,378
12,234
11,825
2,145
1,321
324
14.9
10,025

7,695
6,494
349
6, 144
1,202
768
433
15.6
4,350

6,683
5,740
59
5,681
943
553
391
14.1
5,674

12,783
11,093
389
10,705
1fb89
1,022
667
13.2
7,080

6,071
5,909
333
5,576
962
607
355
14.0
3,405

5,912
5,184
55
5,129
728
415
312
12.3
4,483

1,59-6
1,140
20
1,121
456
299
157
28.6
2,137

825
584
16
568
240
162
78
29,1
,946

771
556
3
552
216
137
78
27.9
1,191

4,413
3,634
127
3,507
780
79
700
17.7
7,680

2,393
1,953
105
1,849
439
39
400
18.4
3,773

2,021
1,680
22
1,658
340
40
300
16.8
3,907

3,971
3,356
124
3,232
616
49
566
15.5
6,069

2,166
1,815
101
1,714
350
21
323
16.2
2,986

1,806
1,541
23
1,518
265
22
243
14.7
3,083

442
278
3
275
164
30
134
37.1
1,611

227
138
3
135
89
12
77
J9. 2
787

215
140
140
75
18
57
35.0
824

,965
,600
281
,319
,365
,242
124
13.7
,344

5,303
4,540
245
4,295
763
729
33
14.4
577

4,663
4,060
37
4,023
603
512
90
12.9
1,767

8,811
7,737
264
7,473
1,074
973
101
12.2
1,819

4,705
4,094
232
3,862
611
580
32
13.0
418

4,106
3,644
32
3,611
462
393
69
11.3
1,400

1,154
863
17
846
292
269
22
25.3
526

596
446
13
434
151
150
1
25.3
159

557
416
4
412
140
119
21
25.2
367

Major activity: going to school
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries / . .
Unemployed
Looking for full-time work . .
Looking for part-time work .
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force
Major activity: other
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagriculatural industries . .
Unemployed
Looking for full-time work . .
Looking for part-time work .
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force




27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-8. Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, and race
(Numbers in thousands]

Harch 1980
Part-time labor force

Full-time labor fore*

Unemployed
(looking for
full-time work)

Race, sex, and age

(looking for
part-time work)
Employed
on voluntary
part time1

Percent of
full-time
labor force

Percent of
part-time

TOTAL

78,006
6,314
2,77fi
345
2,433

16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

8o,933
8,336
3,88 3
t»02
3,286
83,045
12,594
70,451
58,607
11,844

15,222

Males, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

3,528
721

15,012
5,198
3,991
2,362
1,629
11,021
2,180
8,842
6,005
2,837

1,406
824
717
493
223
68$
202
488
383
104

8.6
13,7
15.2
17.3
12.1

11.1
4.7
5.0
3.1

16,418
6,022
4,708
2,856
1,852
11,710
2,381
9,328
6,337
2,941
5,535
3,043
2,445
3,090
1,019
2,071
810
1,261

4,978
2,610
2,067
2,911
937
1,974
751
1,223

558
433
378
179
62
98
59
38

10.1
14.2
15.5
5.8

6.2
14.9
19.4
5.5
9.1
4.7
5.2
2.5

10,883
2,979
2,263
8,620
1,362
7,258
5,577
1,681

10,035
2,589
1,925
8,110
1,242
6,868
5,253
1,615

84 8
391
338
510
120
390
324
66

7.8
13.1

5.6

4,975
2,749
2,203
2,772
909
1, 862
699
1 , 1 64

4,517
2,394
1,895
2,621
839
1,782
653
1,129

458
355
308
150
70
80
45
35

6.2

10,462
64,7t>6
53,725
11,0 40

91
307
3,130
732
2,398
1,959
440

5,399
1,321
712
166
54b
4,687
1,400
3,287
2,924
363

5J,848
4,652
2,172
51,675
7,124
44,552
3o,77y
7,772

48,787
3,538
1,6H
47, 1 73
5,84o
41,3 20
3U,062
7,265

1,719
346
179
1,540
374
1,166
922
245

3,341
768
379
2,962
905
2,058
1,797
261

6.2
16.5
17.4
5.7
12.7
4.6
4.9
3.4

33,085
3,7u4
1,716
31,369
5,470
25,901
21,827
4,073

29,218
2,776
1,164
28,054
4,616
23,438
19,6 63
3,775

1,809
375
218
1,590
358
1,232
1,037
195

2,058
553
333
1,725
496
1,229
1,127
102

1

Males, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

48,073
4,122
1,9o1
46, 117
6,247
39,870
32,760
7, 110

43,931
3,213
1,499
42,432
5,2 16
37,215
30,540
6,b75

1,466
302
loO
1,306
314
991
773
219

2,682
607
303
2,379
716
1,663
1,447
216

14.7
15.4
5.2
11.5
4.2
4.4
3.0

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

2<i, 24 8
3,22 8
1,525
26,722
4,701
22,022
18,365
3,657

25,2 7b
2,483
1,072
24,204
4,061
20,143
16,7 30
3,413

1,447
329
198
1,249
294
955
804
151

1,525
415
255
1,269
346
924
832
92

5.4
12.9
16.7
4. 8
7.4
4.2
4.5
2.5

9,903
2,684
2,033
7,870
1,236
6,634
5, 154
1lf480

9,209
2,372
1,763
7,447
1,141
6,306
4,879
1,427

694
312
271
423
95
328
275
53

7.0
11.6
13.3
5.4
7.7
4.9
5.3

5,770
530
211

4,857
325
115
4,742
629
4,113
3,522
591

254
44
20
234
59
175
149
26

659
162
76
583
188
394
350
45

11.4
30.5
36. 1
10.5
21.5
8.4
8.7
6.8

560
294
242
319
110
209
111
98

461
216
171
290
99
191
97
93

99
78
70
29
12
17
14
3

17.7
26.6
29.1
9.1
10.6
8.1
12.6
3.1

3,942
2 93
92
3,850
5 55
3,296

36 2
46
20
34 1

533
137
78
455
150
305
295

11.0
28.8
41.0
9.8
19.5
7.9
8.5
2.4

980
295
230
750
126
625
424
201

825
217
162
66J
101
562
374
188

154
78
68
87
25
62
49
13

15.8
26.6
29.4
11.6
20.0
9.9
11.6

Both sexes, 16 years and over

398

15.8
18.3
27.5
16,6

5.6

5.9
8.5
5.2
6.0
3.5

a.o

4.7
7.3
3.0

14.9
5.9

8.8
5.4
5.8

3.9

White

9.2
12.9
14.0
5.4
7.7
4.3
6.4
3.0

3.6

Black and other
Males, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years . . ,
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

,

5,559
877
4,681
4,020
661
4,837
476
190
4,047
769
3,878
3,4t>2
415

2,933
3 63

64
277
233
44

1
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed proportionately among the
full- and part-time employed categories.

28




10

6.5

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-9.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population by family relationship

[Numbers in thousands]

March 1980
Not in labor force

Civilian labor force
Unemployed
Family relationship

Percent
of
population

Employed

103,351

63.2

96,546

6,805

6.6

60,065

31,310

9,259

3,343

16,153

40,800
21,289
1,098
16,824
24,342
21,486
901
1,955

80.9
92.0
92.0
70.0
50.3
57.1
57.8
21.3

1,676
765
136
658
1,194
962
136
96

4.1
3.6
12.4
3.9
4.9
4.5
15.1
4.9

9,655
1,859
96
7,210
24,034
16,166
658
7,210

145
33
88
21,516
15,095
608
5,813

208
87
7
78
282
228
17
36

1,291
415
18
781
410
150
9
251

8,010
1,324
70
6,263
1,826
691
23
1,110

Women who head families
Relatives in female-headed families
16-19 years
20-24 years
25 years and over

13,689
6,085
4,950
2,654
5,062
4,087
1,313
1,205
1,569

59.3
52.9
73.5
54.6
59.2
53.2
44.8
67.7
52.7

39,124
20,524
962
16,166
23,148
20,524
765
1,859
11,911
5,180
4,337
2,394
4,623
3,408
997
996
1,415

1,778
905
612
261
439
678
316
209
153

13.0
14.9
12.4
9.8
8,7
16.6
24.1
17.3
9.8

9,401
5,416
1,781
2,204
3,489
3,597
1,616
573
1,408

1,183
149
175
859
2,728
763
99
110
554

6,250
4,850
1,284
116
125
1,735
1,336
325
74

449
19
45
385
189
312
5
22
285

1,519
399
277
843
447
789
176
117
496

Persons not living in families 2

15,371

60.9

14,332

1,040

6.8

9,889

4,975

659

692

3,562

Total, 16 years and over

Husbands1
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force . . .
Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force
Relatives in husband-wife families .
16-19 years
20-24 years
25 years and over

1
Includes a small number of single, separated, widowed, or divorced men who head
families.

A-10.

Going

Keeping
house

Percent
of

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

2
Individuals living alone or with unrelated persons plus a small number of persons in
secondary families.

Unemployed persons by marital status, sex, age, and race

Mat.
1979
Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

Unemployment
rates

Thousands of
persons

Marital status, sex, age, and race

Mar.
1980

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

3,336

3,898

1,274
302
1 ,759

1,646
387
1,865

6.8
12.5

2,597

3,140

5.0

1,07U
204
1,319

1,430
282
1,428

5.7
10.8

739

758

11.6

201
98
440

216
105
438

5.6
11.0
23.4

3.9
7. 1
11.3
12.0
6. 1
12.3
22.8

2,-430

3,096

4.7

1,198
277
956

1,575
376
1,146

3. 1
6.6
10.0

1,873

2,495

1,005
187
682

1,367
274
855

5.7

Thousands of
persons

Mar.
1979

Unemployment
rates

Mar.
1980

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

6.6

2,829

2,906

6.6

6.6

4. 1
8. 1

1,225
540
1,0fa3

1,260
549
1,097

5.1
6.7
9.7

5.1
6.5
10.0

2,191

2,218

5-9

5.8

1,054
4 07
730

1,071
394
754

4.9
6.3
7.9

4.9
5.8
8.1

638

688

11. 1

11.8

171
133
333

190
155
343

7.0
8.3
19.7

7.6
9.5
20.2

5.9

2, 147

2, 193

5.7

5.6

4.1
8.3
11.4

1,127
498
522

1,159
515
519

4.9
6.8
7.3

4.9
6.7
7.1

4.0

5.3

1,652

1,657

5.1

4.9

2.9
b.6
8.3

3.9
7.3
10.0

967
377
308

980
369
309

4.7
6.5
5.3

4.6
6.0
5.2

12.B
White, 16 years and over

5.9
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
Black and other, 16 years and over . .
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
Total, 20 to 64 years of age
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
White, 20 to 64 years of age
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
Black and other, 20 to 64 years of age
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)




558

600

9.9

10.5

495

535

9.6

10.2

194
90
274

208
102
291

5.7
10.6
19.9

6.1
12.5
19.7

160
120
215

179
146
211

6.8
8.0
16.4

7.4
9.5
16.1

29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-11. Unemployed persons by occupation of lest job end sex
Unemployment rates
Tnotittnds of ptroons

Total
Occupation

Bar.
1979
Total, 16 years and over
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm .
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Carpenters and other construction craft
All other
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Construction laborers
All other
Service workers
Private household
All other
Farm workers
No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1

6,165
1,688
290
237
270
892
2,633
769
439
330
1,033
238
593
236
357
1,013
50
963
113
717
518
125
75

Mar.
1983
6,805
1,727
310
286
266
865
3,228
929
552
377
1,195
307
796
279
517
995
47
948
139
715
511
136
66

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

Mac.
1979

Mar.
1960

Mar.
1979

Mac.
1980

6.1
3.3
1.9
2.2
4.3
4.8
7.8
5.8
11.1
3.6
8.7
6.3
12.3
24.5
9.3
7.3
4.4
7.6
4.4

6.6
3.3
1.9
2.6
4.2
4.6
9.5
7.0
13.4
4.1
10.3
8.1
15.7
26.8
12.8
7.1
4.5
7.4
5.4

5.7
2.3
1.6
1.9
3.0
4.6
7.1
5.8
11.1
3.3
6.7
6.6
12,4
24.1
9^1
7.7
(D
7.7
4.1

6.6
2.5
1.7
2.1
3.3
4.1
9.2
7.0
13.2
4.0
9.0
6.4
16.0
26,5
12.9
7.5
(D
7.5
4.6

6.6
4.2
2,2
3.2
5-9
4.9
10.8
7.4
(1)
7.0
11.7
3.0
12.1
(1)
10.6
7,1
4.4
7.5
6.2

6.6
4.0
2.2
3.9
5.4
4.7
11.2
6.9
P>
5.6
12.1
4.3
13.7

Mac.

Mar.
1980

Mar.
1979

Mar,
1980

Mar.
1979

War.
1980

O>

12.3
7.0
4.6
7.3
9.7

Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-12. Unemployed persons by industry of lest job end sex

Percent distribution
Industry

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical equipment
Electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment . . .
Instruments and related products . . . .
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries . . .
Transportation and public utilities
Railroads and railway express
Other transportation
Communication and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
All other service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers
All other classes of workers
No previous work experience

1

Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

30




Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

100.0
75.C
.9
11.2
21.2
11.2
.8
.8
.7
.6
1.7
1.1
2.4
1.9
1.1
.8
.3
.9

100.0
76.3
.8
13.3
24.3
14.6
1.5
.8
.8
1.5
1.6
1.2
2.0
4.0
3.0
1.0
.5
.7
9.7
2.5
.8

10.0
3.0
1.1
2.3
.4
1.2
.5
.6
.9
3.7
.3
2.7
.7
20.4
2.7
14.7
fc.2
8,5
2.3
11.1
11.6

1.8
.8
1.4
1.0
.8
.5
3.3
.4
2.0
.8

16.6
2.6
13.4
5.3
8. 1
2.8
10.3
10.5

6.1
6.2
6.5
14.3
5.7
4.9
7.1
8.3
6.3
2.1
6.6
2.3
6.1
4.7
4.9
4.4
3.1
7.3
7.0
10.0
8.3
10.4
3.1
4.9
2.6
5.2
8.7
4.3
3.6
6.6
1.9
6.8
3.1
5.3
3.9
7.3
10.5
2.7

6.6
6.9
6.2
18.2
7.1
7.1
15.9
9.4
7.6
7.4
6.7
2.9
5.4
11.7
16.4
6.1
5.3
6.7
7.2
9.1
6.8
9.1
7.0
6.3
4.9
7.2
6.4
4. 1
5.0
5.5
2.4
6.8
3.3
5.3
3.5
8.0
13.4
2.8

5.7
5.8
6.5
14.9
4.3
4.2
7. 1
9.1
6. 1
2.6
5.7
1.8
4.0
4.4
4.9
3.8
1. 1
6.9
4.5
6.5
4.4
10.4
2.8
4.7
2.1
1.4
5.6
4.5
4.0
6.7
1.5
5.6
2.1
5.7
3.5
7.8
10.2
2.5

6.6
7.1
6.6
18.9
6.0
6.3
14.7
9.2
7.3
6.6
5.7
2.4
4.3
10.7
14.7
6.2
3.5
3.0
5.3
6.4
4.1
7.4
7.6
5.1
3.3
5.2
3.3
4.2
5.1
5.6
1.9
5.9
3.3
6. 1
3.7
8.4
12.3
2.6

6.6
6.7
7.0
8.1
8.9
7.2
7.0
7.0
7.7
3.7
10.1
4.5
9.0
6.1
5.2
7.8
5.2
7.8
10.5
17.5
12.5
10.4
4.3
5.1
4.1
11.5
13.6
3.8
(D
6.1
2.6
8.2
3.8
5.0
4.0
6.8
11.9
3.1

6.6
6.6
3.4
9.8
9.6
9.2
22.7
9.8
9.2
13.4
10.1
4.8
6.7
16.3
24.8
6.0
7.2
11.4
10.0
14.8
9.5
9.6
5.0
7.9
9.3
10.7
10.4
3.9
(D
5.1
3.3
7.7
3.3
4.8
3.4
7.7
17.9
2.9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-13.

Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
Females, 20 years
and over

Males, 20 years

Both sexes,
16 to 19 years

Black and other

Reason for unemployment

Har.
1979

flar.
1980

Mar.
1979

1980

flar.
1979

flar.
1979

dar.

Mar.
1980

Mar,
1979

Mar.
1980

War.
1979

flar.
1980

UNEMPLOYMENT LEVEL
Total unemployed, in thousands
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
«

6,805
3,522
1,40 4
2,118
78 0
1,787
716

2,518
1,671
591
1,080
311
461
74

3,141
2,250
937
1,313
324
492
76

2,197
836
291
545
394
842
125

2,235
9 39
369
570
325
842
129

1,449
341
104
237
149
442
518

1,429
333
98
235
131
454
511

4,788
2,241
864
1,377
712
1,326
5 08

5,358
2,800
1, 182
1,618
655
1,408
495

1,377
607
122
4 85
143
418
209

1,446
722
222
500
124
379
221

16.0
30.2
13.9
28.3
11.6

100. 0
51.7
20. 6
31. 1
11. 5
26. 3
10.5

100.0
66.4
23.5
42.9
12.4
18.3
2.9

100.0
71.6
29.8
41.8
10.3
15.6
2.4

100.0
38.1
13.3
24.8
17.9
38.3
5.7

100.0
42.0
16.5
25.5
14.5
37.7
5.8

10C.0
23.5
7.2
16.3
10.3
30.5
35.7

100.0
23.3
6. 8
16.5
9.2
31.8
35.8

100.0
46.8
18.0
2Q.Q
14.9
27.7
10.6

100.0
52.3
22. 1
30.2
12.2
26.3
9.2

100.0
44. 1
8.9
35.2
10.4
30.4
15.2

100.0
49.9
15.4
34.5
8.6
26.2
15.3

6. 1
2.8

6. 6
3.4

5.7
2.2
1.0
2.2
.3

16.3
3.9
1.7
5.0
5.8

16.6
3.8
1.5
5.3
5.9

5.3
2.5

1.7
.7

5.7
4. 1
.6
.9
. 1

5.6
2.3

1.7
.7

4.7
3.1
.6
.9
. 1

5.9
3. 1
.7
1.5
.5

11.4
5.0
1.2
3.5
1.7

11.9
5.9
1.0
3.1
1.8

b,1b5

2,848
98 6
1,862
<355
1,745
717

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

100.0
4b.2

Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
Total unemployment rate
Job loser rate1
Job leaver rate1
Reentrant rate1
New entrant rate1

1

,

2. 1
.3

1.5
.6

Unemployment rates are calculated as a percent of the civilian labor force.

A 14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, duration, sex, and age
[Percent distribution]

March 1980
Total unemployed

Duration of unemployment

Reason, sex, and age
Less than
5 weeks

Thousands
Of persons

Total, 16 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Males, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Females, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
Alew entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




G,cJ05

5 to 14
weeks

15 weeks
and over

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

100.0

40.0

35.7

24.3

14.5

9.7

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

31.4
35.4
28.8
49.1
50.6
46.1

39.6
40.1
39.3
30.2
31-3
33.4

29.0
24.6
31.9
20.7
18.0
20.6

18.4
19.4
17.8
11.2
10.5
9.1

10.6
5.2
14.1
9.4
7.5
11.5

3,141

100.0

52.6

37.4

30.0

18.2

11.8

2 , 2 50
937
1,313
324
492
76

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

29.6
32.0
27.9
45.0
39.5
22.0

39.1
41.4
37.5
32.0
34.1
32.2

31.3
26.7
34.6
23.0
26.4
45.8

19.7
20.7
18.9
12.9
15.0
18.3

11.6
5.9
15.6
10. 1
11.4
27.4

2,235

100.0

46.7

31.9

21.4

12.2

9.2

939
3o9
570
325
842

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

35.3
44.3
^9.6
51.4
56.3
54.2

36.1
32.7
38.3
27.9
29.6
27.0

28.5
23.1
32.1
20.7
14.1
18.8

18.5
18.4
18.6
9.2
7.6
3.9

10.0
4.6
13.5
11.4
6.5
14.8

3,5^2
1 ,404
2,118
780
1 ,787
716

1 , 429

100.0

46.1

J7.8

16. 1

10.1

6.0

333
98
235
131
454
511

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

32.8
34.3
32.1
53.8
52.1
47.6

52.6
55.5
51.5
31.4
31.7
35.2

14.6
10.2
16.4
14,8
16.2
17.3

9.4
10.2
9.1
11.9
11.2
S.O

5.2
7.3
2.9
5.0
8.3

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-15. Unemployed jobaeekers by the jobsearch method* used. «ex, age, and race
March 1980
ThouearMfts of persons

NMHOOI UNO •)§ • PVQM1 Of W

JQNWMVB

Sex, age, and race

Awmi
Total
P»oy»d

Total
Jobaaekars

Public
ompJoymant
agency

Prtw»
•"•Hoymem
•fancy

Employer
cfrotfly

flawed

__?___,

Friende
or
rctatJvea

Other

NN*O*

uaad

a*

5,307
1,3 19
1,298
1,301
6 23
4 50
2 56
61

27.4
17.4
33.6
30.7
30.5
27.1
26.2
18.0

6.3
3.0
6.2
8.4
7.2
6.0
10.9
6.6

73.5
81.2
72.0
70.6
6 9.2
7 2. 0
69.1
70.5

31.6
2 4.0
35.4
36. !>
37.9
29.1
18.0
24.6

14.0
11.&
15.9
12.8
14.1
16.2
16.8
19.7

5.9
4.5
5.2
5.8
7.2
7.1
11,3
6.6

.59
.42
.68
.65
• 66
.58
• 52
.46

31.2
17.2
37.5
37.3
37.8
31.0
28.0

5*. 9
2.2
6.2
7.8
6.0
7.1
10.4

74.2
82.1
72.8
70.2
7J.2
71.5
70.1

(D

(D

16.0
11.5
18.9
15.1
17.1
19.7
20.1
(1)

.65
.41
.75
.76
.81
.66
.60

(D

30.6
23.3
35.3
37.2
35. 1
25. 1
15.2
(1)

7.3
4.4
4.6
8.0
11.7
11.7
15.9

45

2,829
6 86
7 42
664
2 99
<.39
164
3b

(D

ID

2,90b
672
61o
7 58
410
263
126
42

2,478
6 33
5 57
637
3 24
2 10
92
25

23.1
17.5
28.4
23.7
24.1
22.9
23.9
(1)

6.7
3.9
6.1
8.9
8.3
4.8
12.0

72.6
80.3
70.7
71.1
65.1
72.9
67.4

32.8
24.6
35.5
35.8
40.4
33.8
22.8

11.7
12.0
12.0
10.7
11.4
11.9
10.9

4.3
4.7
6.1
3.6
3.1
1.9
4.3

(D

(D

(D

(D

(D

I.51
1.43
1.59
1.54
1.52
1.48
1.41
(1)

Males
Females

5,358
3,140
2,218

4,096
2,227
1,869

25.5
29.3
21. 1

6.5
6.3
6.7

74.0
74,6
73.4

34.1
33.0
35.5

13.5
14.9
11.9

6.1
7.9
4.0

1.60
1.66
1.52

Black and other, 16 years
and over
Males
Females

1 ,44o
758
68d

1,212
o02
6 09

33.7
38.0
29.6

5.5
4.3
6.6

71.4
72.9
70.0

23.3
21.9
24.6

15.7
20.3
11.2

5.3
5.0
5.4

1.55
1.62
1.47

Total 16 years and over
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
26 to 34 years . . .
36 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

6 ,80J
1,42)
1,602
1,798

Males 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
26 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over . .

3 ,8 9 d
757
986
1 ,040
454
361

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 -years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

1

804

643
381
87

2DS

Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

waiting to begin a new wage and salary job within 30 days are not actually seeking jobs. It
should also be noted that the percent using each method will always total more than 100
because many jobseekers use more than one method.

NOTE: The jobseekers total is leu than the total unemployed because persons on layoff or

A-16. Unemployed jobseekers by the jobsearch methods used, sex, and reason for unemployment
March 1980
Thousands of persons

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Sex and reason

Average
ir of
Total

job-

directly

seekers

Reentrants
New entrants

6,605
3,522
780
1,787
716

5,307
2,1 10
796
1,690
711

27.4
35.9
28.1
20.6
17.7

6.3
6.7
9.8
5.4
2.0

7 3.5
71.9
76.1
72.1
78. 1

31.6
33.8
35.4
31.6
21.0

14.0
14.3
13.2
14.0
14.3

5.9
7.3
2.5
6.6
3.7

,59
,70
.65
,50
,38

Males, 16 years and over .
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

J,098
2,405
383
753
297

2,829
1,441
393
701
2 94

31.2
37.7
29.5
25.1
16.0

5.9
6.9
7.6
4.3
2.7

74.2
73.2
80.7
71.6
77.6

30.6
32.8
38.9
25.4
20.7

16.0
14.6
16.3
18.3
17.7

7.3
8.7
2.3
9.7
1.7

.65
.74
.75
.54
.36

Females, 16 years and over
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

2,90o
1,057
397
1,034
4 18

2,478
6 69
403
9 89
417

23.1
32. 1
26.8
17.3
19.2

6.7
6.4
11.9
6.3
2.9

72.6
69.2
72.0
72.5
78.4

32.8
35.9
32.0
36.0
21.1

11.7
13.6
10.2
10.9
12.0

4.3
4.5
2.7
4.4
5.3

.51
.62
.56
.47
.39

Total, 16 years and over ,
Job losers

NOTE: See note, table A-15.

32



HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-17. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Full-time workers

rrtdirtribt

Thousands of persons

Duration of unemployment

Mar.
1979
Total, 16 years and over . . .
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
IS weeks and over
1 5 t o 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over

Mar.
1980

6,165

6,i'O5

2,517
2,083
1,362
721
1,565
931
633
326
30 7

2,725
2,429

ftdC.

100.0

100.0

989
6t<2
370

292

Mar.
1979

1980

40. 0
35.7
24.0
11.7
24.3
14.5

40-8
33.8
22.1
11.7
25.4
15.1
10.3
5.3
5.0

1,633
796
1,651

12.7
7.4

Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

Mar.
1979

9.7
5.4
4.3

1 1.9
7.5

Mar.
1980

Mar.
1979

flar.
1980

4,688

5,399

100.0

100.0

1,683
1,672
1,070
6C1
1,333
819
514
246
267

1,960
1,979
1,312
666
1,460
881

35.9
33.7
22.8
12.8

36.3
36.7
24.3
12.3
27.0
16.3
10.7
6.1
4.7

13.7
8.7

12.8
8.5

28.4
17.5
11.0
5.2
5.7

579
327
252

A-18. Unemployed persons by duration, sex, age, race, and marital status
Thousands of persons

Total

Sex, age, race, and marital status

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

Average
(mean)
duration,
in weeks

Median
duration,
in weeks

March 1980

6,005
2,145
1,429
1,602
1,798

2,429
793
540
593
627
288
208
151
22

9 89
237
144
2 07
307
126
100
94
11

662
144

87

2,725
971
659
653
687
339
241
102
43

Males 16 years and over
16 t o 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,d98
1,202
757
986
1 ,040
454
361
255
45

1,357
510
334
356
336
144
120
49
18

1,466
463
290
391
378
176
116
103
13

662
144
89
146
204
74
64

414
85

Females 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

2,906

1,368
462
325
297
352
194
121
54
25

963
330
250
202
249
113
93
48
9

White 16 years and over
Males
Females

5,358
3 , 140
2,218

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 t o 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over . • .

;

643
J81

G72
616
758
410

283
126
42

1,953
1,224
729

Mar.
1979

flar.
1980

Mar.
1979

flar.
1960

11.9
10.0
9.3
11.3
12.4
13.5
14. 1
14. 1
16.3

7.5
6.2
6.0
7.3
7.9
7.8
8.8
10.7
5.1

40.8
50.3
53.6
42.3
38.3
35.6
29.5
27.4
31.3

40.0
45.3
46.1
40.7
38.2
39.2
37.5
26.9
49.6

25.4
17.2
16.2
22.5
25.7
33.3
36.6
37.7
25.7

24.3
17.7
16. 1
22.3
26.9
27.4
30.1
33.5
25.3

8.8
7.0
6.9
8.0
9.6
9.3
11.2
13.0
6.4

36.0
47.3
50.9
37.5
33.6
25.1
21.4
25.7
25.4

34.8
42.4
44.1
36.1
32.3
31.7
33.4
19,2

6

94
123
61
60
26
7

13.2
10.5
9.7
11.8
14.3
14.8
16.3
16.7
18.5

28.6
19.3
18.3
23.7
30.0
40.9
40.7
40.7
32.2

27.6
19. 1
17.6
24.3
31.4
29.6
34.6
40.5

327
92
55
61
103
52
35
17
4

247
59
42
55
54
51
34
7
4

10.2
9.3
8.9
10.6
9.7
12.0
11.2
8.8
13.9

5.8
5.2
5.3
5.6
5.8
5.8

46.6
53.9
57.0
47.9
43.7
45.4
38.9
2 9.8

47.1
48.9
48.4
48.2
46.4
47.5
42.8
42.5

19.8
16.0
14.4
18.9
20. 7
25.0
24.4
19.3

77

86

149
177
111
94
33
11

44

6.9

7.3
4.2

2, 168
1, 105
1,063

Leu than 5 weeks as a 15 weeks and over as a
percent of unemployed percent of unemployed
in group
in group

758
510
247

460
301
179

11.5
12.6
10.0

7.3
5.6

(D

d)

CD

(D

21.6
14.5
13.4
21.0
20.9
26.2
31.8
33.7
(1)

42.5
38.0
47.9

40.5
35.2
47.9

23.7
26.4
20.4

23. 1
25.8
19.2

31.3
36.1
25.7

28.6
34.9
21.6

Females

1,446
758
688

557
252
305

476
242
234

231
151
80

182
114
68

13.5
15.9
10.8

8.4
10.1
6.5

35.0
28.9
42.2

38.5
33,2
44.4

Males, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present

1,646

521

640

310

176

13.6

9.6

28.9

31.6

31.8

29.5

387
1,8o5

111
725

136
690

76
276

64
175

16.6
12.2

10.3
7.9

31. 1
41.9

28.7
38.8

35.3
25.1

36.0
24.2

Femalaa, 16 years and over:
Married spouse present

1,260

618

403

142

98

9.9

5.3

46.9

49.0

20.7

19.0

Widowed, divorced, or
separated
Single (never married)

549
1,097

265
486

154
406

78
108

52
97

10.1
10.6

5.8
6.3

45.4
46.8

48.2
44.3

24.9
21.1

23.7
18.7

Black and other, 16 years and over

Widowed, divorced, or




33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-19. Unemployed persons by duration, occupation, and industry of last job
Thousands of parsons
LaMthanSwaaks
duration,
inwaaks
15 to 26

Occupation and industry

15 weeks and over
asaparcantof

unamployad in group

Z7waakt

Mar.
1979

March 1980

Mar.
1980

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and managerial
Sales workers
Clerical workers

1,727
596
266
865

7t>9
252
116
402

585
20 2
31
302

2 00
66
33
100

173
76
3o
61

11.4
13.4
13.2
9.4

6.3
7.0
7.3
5.8

41. 1
34.0
43.4
44.6

44.5
42.3
43.5
46.4

26.2
33.6
20.6
23.5

21.6
24.0
25.9
18.6

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives .
Nonfarm laborers

3,228
9 29

1,071
291
440
74

266

1,244
405
40d
125
306

596
159
226
73
139

317
76
122
35
85

12.7
12.3
12.4
14.9
12.7

9.1
8.9
8.5
12.1
9.3

37.4
30.3
43.1
39.2
35.8

33.2
31.3
36.8
24.0
33.5

26.1
27.4
23.7
32.6
26.0

28.3
25.2"
29.1
35.4
28.1

995

489

314

106

87

10.5

5.1

41. 1

49.1

25.5

19.3

193
938

71
433
559
lOo
252
78
470
467
58

40
161
3 08
2 04
104
59
150
144
44

2
59
173
114

224

80
284
617
371
246
84
531
621
89

59
31
124
148
33

9.2
11.5
12.6
13.3
11.6
13.8
11.3
11.5
16.4

7.3
9.7
8.5
8.9
8.0
10.8
7.1
6.3
9.5

47.0
31.3
39.5
37.2
42.0
35.7
45.2
40.9
34.0

41.6
30.3
37.2
37.3
37.2
33.5
41.7
45.0
39.8

25.6
27.4
26.4
27.8
24.8
23.9
20.8
26.6
4 0.4

21.9
23.5
29.0
32.0
24.6
35.6
21.5
21.2
34.4

715

329

239

64

82

12.5

5.9

50.2

46.1

21.3

20.5

Service workers .

1,195
307
796

INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries . . .
Public administration
No previous work experience.
1

1,656

596
660
2 52
1,275
1,381

Includes wage and salary workers only.

A-20. Employed persons by sex and age
[In thousands]

^

Age and type of industry

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

All industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

95,501
7,422
2,933
4, 489
13,540
60,180
25, 132
18,620
16,427
11,403
7,038
4,369
2,951

96,546
7, 167
2,793
4,369
13,373
61,688
26,125
19,264
16,299
11,3 90
7,031
4,359
2,9 28

55,347
3,861
1,532
2,329
7,231
35,523
14,804
10,9 22
9,798
6,914
4, 241
2,673
1,818

55,484
3,860
11,553
2,307
7,157
35,734
15,065
11,062
9,607
6,911
4,230
2,682
1,822

40,153
3,561
1,401
2,160
6,309
24,656
10,328
7,699
6,630
4,493
2,798
1,696
1,133

41,062
3,307
1,245
2,062
6,216
25,954
11,060
8,202
6,692
4,479
2,801
1,677
1,106

Nonagricuhural industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 t o 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

92,57b
2,768
4,383
13,236
58,618
24,551
18, 130
15,938
10,918
.5,780
4, 138
2,652

93,584
6,893
2,663
4,231
13,016
60,138
25,557
18,774
15,807
10,886
6,755
4 , 131
2,651

52,945
3,634
1,396
2,238
6,985
34,284
14,353
10,523
9,408
6,495
4,028
2,468
1,545

53,038
3,631
1,442
2,189
6,860
34,496
14,597
10,685
9,214
6,485
4,002
2,483
1,566

39,631
3,517
1,372
2,145
6,251
24,334
10,198
7,606
6,529
4,422
2,752
1,670
1,107

40,546
3,263
1,221
2,042
6,156
25,642
10,960
8,088
6,593
4,401
2,753
1,648
1,085

2, 925
271
165
105
304
1,561
581
490
490
490
259
232
299

2,962
2 74
136
138
357
1,550
568
490
492
504
276
228
277

2,403
226
136
90
246
1, 239
451
398
389
419
213
206
273

2,447
230
111
119
297
1,238
468
377
393
426
228
198
256

522
44
29
15
58
323
130
92
101
71
45
26
26

515
44
25
19
60
313
100
114
99
78
48
30

Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
66 years and over

34




7, 152

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-21. Employed parsons by occupation, sex, and age
[In thousand*]

Mate. 20 years and over

F#flla*6S f 2 0 yOMTS S I M O

Mai:.
1979

Mar.
1980

Mar.
1979

fiar.
1980

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1980

Males, 16-19 yean

Mar.
1979

Females, 16-19 ye«p

Mar.
1980

Bar.
1979

Mar.
1980

95,501

96,546

51,487

51,624

36,592

37,755

3,861

3,860

3,561

3,307

White-collar workers

49,296

50,604

22,679

22,895

24,167

25,218

600

700

1,849

1,791

Professional and technical

15,339
2,810
3,322
9,207

15,736
2,952
3,304
9,470

8,615
947
963
6,705

8,606
950
940
6,716

6,546
1,835
2,327
2,384

6,938
1,993
2,343
2,602

96
14
7
75

91
6
6
79

83
15
25
43

102
13
14
75

10,386
8,571
8 54
960

10,744
8,875
886
983

7,847
6,444
589
815

7,838
6,457
558
822

2,459
2,056
262
142

2,811
2,323
327
161

40
33
3
5

57
56
1

39
40

38
37

5,994
3,094
2,899

6,052
3,074
2,978

3,092
987
2,106

3,118
995
2, 123

2,264
1,556
709

2,280
1,540
74 0

236
178
57

252
177
75

401
374
28

401
362
39

17,577
4,927
12,650

18,073
4,896
13,177

3,125
84
3,041

3,334
63

12,898
4,469
8,429

13, 189
4,472
8,717

228
5
223

300
11
289

1,326
369
957

1,250
350
900

3 0,954

30,580

23,088

5,312

5,325

2,176

2,005

377

340

646
20
31
Z2
31

652
11
29
62
40

477
57
113
193
32

445
60
90
161
36

32
2
1

40
2
3
4
1

167
364

163
346

6
76

16
81

6
20

4
26
229
77
112
40

TOTAL

Health workers
Teachers, except college
Other professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . . .
Salaried workers
Self-employed workers in retail trade
Self-employed workers, except retail trade .
Sales workers
Retail trade
Other industries
Clerical workers
Stenographers, typists, and secretaries
Other clerical workers

....

Blue-collar workers •

1

3,271
22,910

Craft and kindred workers
Carpenters
Construction craft, except carpenters
Mechanics and repairers
Metal craft
Blue-collar worker supervisors, not elsewhere
classified
All other

12,385
1,172
2,357
3,465
1,267

12,358
1,161
2,408
J,310
1,310

11,230
1,094
2,213
3,239
1,200

1,667
2,457

1,687
2,483

1,487
1,998

11,222
1,088
2,286
3,082
1,233
1,504
2,029

Operatives, except transport
Durable goods manufacturing
Nondurable goods manufacturing
Other industries

10,e39
5,173
3,266
2,399

10,441
4,833
3,331
2,277

5,898
3,207
1,277
1,414

5,634
2,963
1,264
1,408

3,995
1,636
1,779
581

3,939
1,577
1,840
522

704
237
113
354

639
215
116
308

241
94
97
50

Transport equipment operatives
Drivers, motor vehicles
All other

3,515
2,973
542

3,505
2,968
53 6

3,063
2,574
4 89

3,05C
2,551
500

255
240
15

301
288
13

170
136
34

145
121
23

27
24
3

Nonfarm laborers
Construction
Manufacturing
Other industries

4,215
725
1,055
2,435

4,276
761
990
2,524

2,896
597
736
1,563

3,004
633
768
1,603

417
13
175
229

433
18
147
269

824
113
119
593

776
110
69
597

77
3
24
50

6
56

12,790

12,930

3,829

3,9 40

6,770

6,869

892

976

1,298

1,145

1,088
1,005
1 1,702 11,925
4,332
4,429
1,371
1,369
5,999
6,127

13
3,816
765
1,233

15
3,926
664
1,233

846
5,925
2,225
121
3,579

809
6,060
2,284
111
3,665

10
882
558
11
313

7
969
611
17
341

219
1,079
783
5

174
971
670
7
294

342

343

193

179

109

133

20

14

"233
110
123

210
87
123

173
123
50

165
105
60

Service workers . .
Private household workers
Service workers, except private household . . .
Food service workers
Protective service workers
All other

2,461

Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers
Farm laborers and supervisors
Paid workers
Unpaid family workers




...

2,432

1,377

1,402

1,084
870
214

1,030
810
220

1,818

1,829

1,890

1,879

1,246
645
615
30

291

1,254
625
598
26

36
2
34
23
11

63

31

31
21
10

35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-22. Employed persons by occupation, sex( and race
[Percent distribution]

Occupation and race

Mar.
1979

1980

Mar,
1979

Mar.
1930

Bar.
1979

Har.
1980

95,501
* 100.0

96,546
100.0

55,347
100.0

55,484
100.0

40,153
100.0

4 1,062
100.0

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

51.6
10. 1
10.9
6.3
13.4

52.4
16.3
11.1
6.3
18.7

42.1

42.5
15.7

14.3
6.0
6.1

14.2
6. 1
6.5

64.8
16.5
6.2
6.6
35.4

65.8
17.1
6.9
6.5
35.2

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers.
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

32.4
13.0
11. 3
3.7
4.4

31.7
12.8
10.8
3.6
4.4

45.6
21.2
11.9
5.8
6.7

21.0
11.3
5.8

14.2
1.7
10.5
.7
1.2

13.8
1.7
10.2
.8
1.2

Seryice workers
Private household workers
Other service workers

13.4
1. 1
12.3

13.4
1.0
12.4

8.5
(1)
8.5

8.,9

19.5
2.4
17.1

2.6
1.4
1. 1

2.5
1.5
1.1

3.8
2.3
1.5

8.8
.3.7
2.3
1.4

20.1
2.7
17.4
.9
.3
.7

.9
.3
.6

84,770
100. G

85,845
10O.0

49,741
100.0

49,913
100.0

35,030
100.0

35,932
100.0

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

53.4
16.5
11.6
6.7
10.5

54.2
16.8
11.9
6.7
18.8

41.7

44.3
16.3
15.1
6.4
6.5

67.1
16.9
6.6
7.2
36.4

67.9
17.5
7.5
7.0
35.9

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

32.0
13.4
10.9
3.6
4. 1

31.1
13.1
10.4
3.5
4.1

44.8
21.6
11.5
5.6

43.8
21.3
10.9
5.4
6.2

13.7
1.7
10.1
.7
1.2

13.3
1.8

12.0
.9
11.2

12.2
.3
11.4

8.1
(1)
8. 1

18.2
2.0
16.2

17.8
1.8
16.0

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent

Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers
Farm laborers and supervisors . . > .

15.7

44.9

6.8

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent

Service workers
Private household workers
Other service workers
Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers
Farm laborers and- supervisors

16.3
15.1

6.5
5.9

6.1
7.7
7.6

9.6
.8
1.2

2.6
1.6
1. 1

2.6
1.6
1.0

3.8
2.5
1.3

3.8
2.5
1.3

1.0
.3
.7

1.0
.4
.6

1C,731
100.0

10,701
100.0

5,607
100.0

5,571
100.0

5,124
100.0

5,129
100.0

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

37.7
12.3
5.2
2.6
17.6

3 8.3
12.J
4.8
3.0
18.2

27.4
11.0
6.8
2.1
7.5

26.8
10.3
6.2
3.0
7.4

48.9
13.7
3.4
3.0
28.7

50.7
14.5
3.2
3.0

Blue-collar workers .
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

35.9
9.5
14.8
4.5
7.2

36.5
10.1
14.5
5.0
7.0

52.8
17.0
15.6
8.1
12.1

54.4
18.3
15.1
8.9
12.2

17.4
1.3
13.8
.5
1.7

17.1
1.2
13.9
.7
1.3

Service workers
Private household workers
Other service workers

24.3
3.4
20.9

23.2
3.2
20.0

16.2
.1
16.2

15.5
.2
15.3

33.1
7.0
26.1

31.7
6.6
25.1

2.2
.4
1.8

2.0
.4
1.6

3.6
.7

2.9

3.3
.7
2.6

.6
.1
.5

.5
.1
.4

Black and other
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent

Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers .
Farm laborers and supervisors
1

Less than 0.05 percent.

36




29.9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-23. Employed persons by class of worker, age, and sex
[In thousands]
1900

inoustrtts

Ago and M X

Wage and salary worktrt
Wagaand
salary
workers

Salf
amployad
Othar

Total, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
16to 17years
,..
18to 19years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 69 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
Males, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
Females, 16 years and over .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

86,3 59
6,760

2,589
4,172
12,665

23,943
1 7 , C 1 b1
14,182

9,682
6,044
3,639
2,108

1,067
1 97
145
53
84
149
130
183
1 60
102
78
145

15,809
538
170

368

11,087
19,291
13,245
10,782

7,730
2 32
95

40,42 9
3,283
1,181
2,002
5,979

3
23

137
638
2 , 188
1,775
1,656
1,026
663
363
,215

3,218
1,19b
2,022
6,037
10,400
7,485
6,044
4,025
2,522
1,503
905

981
169
128
41
74
139
127
174
177
103
74
12?

8,079
307
75
232
856
2,316
1,868
1,560
1,015
649
365
157

9
3

6,025
2,274
3,750

1,494
4,504
3,643
3,216
2,040
1,312
728
373

43,245
3,543
1,393
2,150
0,627
13,543
9,533
8,137
5,657
3,521
2,136
1,204

86
28
17
11
10
10
3

69,482

7,462
4,629
2,832
1,591

11,345
7,755
6,472
4,629
2,859
1,769
966
29,054
2,742
993
1 ,749
5,108
7,946
5,490
4,310
2,833
1,770
1,063
625

6,791
115
65
50
308
1,539
1,649

1,500
1,151
68 5
467
528
4,742
77
44
33
213
1,051
1,149
1,074
821

479
34 2
356

2,049
38
21
17

95
468
50 0
426
330
206
125
172

Salf
amployad

4 34
18
8
10
43
75
106
125
53
27
25
15

1,253
185
80
105
241
302
193
151
120
76
45
60

1,486
17
8
9
91
237
266
307
356
180
176
211

223
71
47
24
25
29
31
3H
21
20
7
6

51
11
5
6
19
2
3
2
7
2
5
6

1,0 34
152
62

1,326
17
8
9
81
209
230
268
325
164
161
196

87
60
40
20
16
4
1
2

3 83
7
4
4
24
72
103
123
46
25
20
8

218
33
18
15
41
46
48
28
19
11
8
3

160

137
11
7
4
9
25
30
32
27
20
7

90
200
256
145
123
101
64
37
57

10
29
36
39
31
16
15

A-24. Employed persons by industry and occupation
[In thousands]

Hatch 1980
Service workers

Total

Craft
and
kindred
workers

atonal and
technical
workers

Other
service
workers

Farm
workers

Total, 16 years and over:
Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods . . .
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real
estate
Services
Private housaholds . • • .
Othar service industrias
Public administration . . . .




72
115
182
2,48 7
•1,09 0

28
80
721
1,672
963

79 7

709

,266
,593
,84 1
,751

616
38 4
137
24 7

623
3,799

,789
,158
,129
,029
,176

295
10,616
6
10., 610

876
,685

,039
,371
68

96 9

4
3
35
545
195
350

74
95
443
2,687

56

756
3,043

3,94 8
874
3,074

1,131
2,023

1,275
182

2,023
666

182
4

1,588
1,098

70
244
3,086
4,270
2, 856
1,414

18
258
263
8,164
4,833
3,331

41
38
164
806
391
415

213
35
761
990
607
383

10
8
30
417
247
170

1,451
3,563
815
2,748

1, 354
1,515
365
1,150

123
887
193
694

1,410
778
401
376

'460
1,156
267

175
3,563
33
3,530

2,650
5,186
12
5,174
1,924

108
1,422
6
1,416
2 89

17
658

11
210
6
204
46

64
428
61
367
169

658
55

889
1,005
1,005

2,432

237
6,429
34
6,395
1,056

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-25. Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason, pay status, and sex
[In thousand*]

Wage and salary workers1
Reason not working

Paid abtanoa*

Mar.
1979
Total, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illnass
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
All other reasons
Males, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons?
Females, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reason$3

1

Mar.
1980
4,232

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1979

MdL.

1930

Unpaid!

Mar.
1979

HdC.

1980

flar.
1980

4,048
1,4J4
1,525
200
14 1
748

1,646
907
598

1,656
890
582

1,696
404
711

1,830
381
783

792

1,577
260
141
785

3,849
1,454
1,430
159
56
750

142

183

581

666

2,233
808
813
611

2,389
772
837
701

2,087
781
775
531

2,221
73 8
792
690

966
514
374
78

920
476
333
112

801
176
335
290

951
155
379
417

1,782
678

1, 843
697

1,763
673
655
434

1,82 7
695
732
400

681
392
226
63

735
414
250
71

895
228
375
291

880
226
405
249

1,486
1,473
206
58

1,4t>9

-74 0
4C6

Stncludes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.

Excludes private household.

2

Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial dispute; these categories
are included in all other reasons.

NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

A-26. Persons at work by type of industry and hours of work
March 1980
Thousands of parsons

Percent distribution

Afri-

All
industries

Agri-

92,314

89,536

2,7 78

100.0

100.0

100.0

1-34 hours
1-4 hours
5-14 hours
15-29 hours
30-34 hours

22,931
781
4,4 39
11,5 94
6,1 17

21,952
738

981
43
260
429
249

2 4.8
.8
4.8
12.6
6.6

24.5
.8
4.7
12.5
6.6

35.3
1.5
9.4
15.4
9.0

35 hours and over
35-39 hours

69,382
6,603
38,844

67,585
6,512

1,798
91
466
1,241
224
397
620

75.2
7.2
42.1

75.5
7.3
42.9
25.3
10.4

64.7
3.3

Total, 16 years and over . . ,

40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

4 , 180
11,165

5,869

23,935
9,557
8,!*40

38,37C
22,695
9,334
8,044

5,938

5,317

38.4

38.3

42,8

42.6

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time
schedules

38




41.6
50.0

25.9
10.4
9.1

6.4

9.0
5.9

16.8
44.7
8.1
14.3
22.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-27. Persons at work 1 - 34 hours by usual status and reason for working less than 35 hours
[Numbers in thousands]

__

March 19bG
Nonagricultural industries
Reason for working less than 35 hours
Usually
work
part time

Usually
work
full time

22,931

7,007

15,924

3 ,523
1,925
12
150
103
1,273

1,604
1,280
72
150
103

1,924
645

19 ,402
11 ,941
822
2 ,135
890
23
73
1,388
2 ,130

5,401

14,001
11,941

1,672

Average hours:
Economic reasons . .
Other reasons
. ..

22.0
20.6

Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons . .
Other reasons . . . .

1,097
5 ,020

Total, 16 years and over . .
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment .
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons

Usually
work
full time

Usually
part time

21,952

6,625

15,326

3 ,313
1,741
70
145
103
1,257

1,460
1,144
70
145
103

1,853
597

5,164

1,388
458

18,6 38
11 ,550
809
2 ,073
755
23
73
1,323
2 ,030

1,616

1,323
414

23.7
25.9

20.6
18.6

22.2
20.6

23.9
26.0

20.8
18.6

659
2,794

438
2,226

1,034
4 ,835

609
2,691

425
2,144

1,279

822
1,922
890
23
73

213

1,257

809
1,887
755
23
73

13,474
11,550
186

A-28. Nonagricultural workers by industry and full- or part-time status
[Numbers in thousands]

March 1980
Full- or part-time status
Average
hours.

Industry
On full-time schedules
Total

Total, 16 years and o v e r ! . . .

On part time

On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours
or less

41 to 48
hours

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time

49 hours
or more

89,536

3,313

13,474

72,749

50,054

9,334

13,361

38.3

42.6

..

82,80P

2,876

12,259

67,673

47,807

8,792

11,074

38.1

4 2.2

..

4,280

275

234

3,771

2,786

412

573

38.6

41.1

580
267
313

780
334
446

2,971
1,868
1,103

2,724
1,678
1,046

40.7
41.2
40.0

42.0
42.1
42-0

141
866
73

370
4,552
578

19,363
11,980
7,384
5,205
11,505
4,499

13,668
8,434
5,235

Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

20,723
12,561
C, 143
5,716
16,923
5,150

3,614
7,260
3,416

679
1,865
478

912
2,380
605

40.9
35.6
38.6

4 3.0
43.1
41.2

Service industries . . . . ,
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

24,229
1,003
23,226
5,000

870
12b
744
59

5,412
53b
4,876
323

17,9u.7
341
17,606
4,618

13,114
242
12,872
3,525

1,804
21
\,111
484

3,029
72
2,957
609

35.9
23.7
36.4
40.0

42.0
42.2
42.0
41.8

6,29 3
434

424
14

1,030
184

4,839
236

2,114
133

517
24

2,208
79

41.2
35-1

48.3
45.8

Wage and salary workers
Construction

.

.

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1

Includes mining, not shown separately.




39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by full- or part-time status, sex, age, race, and marital status
[Numbers jn thousands]

March 1980

On full-time schedules
Sax, aga, raca, and marital status

Total
at

On part
timafor

On
voluntary
part time

hours.
on full-time

40 hours
or IMS

TOTAL
Both sains, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

89,536
11,438
6,6 76
2,580
4.0 96
82,860
12,561
70,2 99
42,646
25,231
2 # 421

3,313
696
380
82
298
2,933
705
2,229
1,390
755
83

Males, T6 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

50,817
5,94 9
3.5 11
1,392
2.1 19
47,306
6.6 19
40,687
24.4 13
14,851
1,422

1 , 553
327
165
40
124
1,388
355
1,032
667
315
49

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
• 20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

33,7 19
5,489
3,1b5
1,188
1,977
35.5 54
5,942
29,b 12
18,232
10,381
9 99

72,749
5,93 0
2,59 5
307
2,288
70,154
9,871
60,263
37,221
2.1,914
1,148

50,054
4,601
2,020
258
1,763
48,034
7,357
40,676
24,676
15,210
790

22,695
1,329
575
49
525
22,120
2,514
19,607
12,545
6,704
358

36.3
29.4
25.8
18.0
30.7
39.3
36.7
39.7
40.2
39.9
29.3

42.6
40.6
39.9
35.6
40.5
42.7
41.4
42.9
43.1
42.6
42.3

4,301
2,389
1,883
1,164
720
2,417
843
1,574
491
435
64 9

44,963
3,233
1,463
188
1,275
43,50 1
5,421
3 8,061
23,255
14, 101
72 4

27,616
2,294
1,057
154
901
26,561
3,634
22,928
13,611
8,849
467

17,347
939
406
34
374
16,940
1,787
15,153
9,644
5,252
2 57

41.2
30.6
27.0
18.7
32.5
42.3
38.5
42.9
43.6
42.9
31.0

44.1
41.5
40.8
36.6
41.5
44.2
42.7
44.4
44.7
44.0
43.1

368
214
41
174
1,545
349
1 , 196
723
440
34

9,173
2,423
1,818
1,028
790
7,355
1,142
6,213
3,545
2,127
54 1

27,786
2,698
1 , 133
119
1,013
26,654
4,451
22,203
13,964
7,814
424

22,439
2,30 7
965
102
861
21,4 74
3,727
17,748
11,064
6 ,360
323

5,347
391
168
17
152
5,180
724
4,455
2,900
1,454
101

34.4
28. 2
24.4
17.3
28.8
35.3
34.8
35.4
35.7
35.6
26.9

40.3
39.4
38.7
34.2
39.3
40.4
39.9
40.5
40.4
40.5
41.0

79,596
45,726
33,870

2,725
1,320
1,405

12,319
3,897
8,422

64,552
40,509
24,043

43,428
24,221
19,207

21, 124
16,288
4,836

38.4
41.5
34.2

42.9
44.3
40.4

9,940
5,091
4,849

589
234
354

1,155
403
751

8,19t>
4,454
3,744

6,625
3,395
3,232

1,571
1,059
512

37.2
38.9
35-4

40.9
41.7
39.9

Males, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

35,171
4,028
11,6 18

815
169
570

1,228
219
2,654

33,128
3,64 0
8 , 194

19,687
2,255
5,673

13,441
1,385
2,521

43.1
42.0
35.3

44.5
44.2
42.5

Females, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated . . . . .
Single (never married)

21,611
7,434
9,4 74

922
372
466

5,387
1,070
2,716

15,502
5,992
6,292

12,712
4,614
5,112

2,790
1,378
1,180

34.3
37.0
32.7

40.1
40.9
40.3

13,474
4,812
3,701
2,191
1,510
9,773
1,985
7,787
4,035
2,562
1,190

RACE
White
Males
Females
Black and other
Males
Females
MARITAL STATUS

40




HOUSEHOLD DATA
A 30 Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by full- or part-time status and sex
[Numbers in thousands]

March 1980
On full-time schedules
Occupational group and sax
On part time

Onvaluntary

Total at work
40 hours
or less

41 to 48
hours

40 hours

Average

Average noun,

hours, total
at work

workers on full-

90,031

3,348

13,575

73,108

5u,266

9,363

13,479

38.2

42.6

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

48,639

15,121
10,342
5,796
17,380

1,018
267
103
222
427

7,208
1,812
535
1,454
3,407

40,413
13,042
9,704
4, 120
13,546

26,973
8,541
4,674
2,475
1 1,281

4,881
1,542
1,400
1,348

8,559
2,959
3,630
1,054
917

39-1
40. 1
45.3
36.2
35.5

43.1
43.4
46.9
43.6
40.0

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

29, 0 5*
11,781
9,953
3,309
4,009

1,539
475
575
184
305

2,163
430
634
310
788

25,350
10,876
8,744
2,815
2,916

17,786
7,288
6,614
1 ,600
2,284

3,711
1,650
1,24 6
458
350

3,653
1,930
884
757
2 82

39.3
40.9
38.8
41.3
34.5

42.1
42.5
41.2
45.0
40.4

Service workers
Private household
Other service workers

12,340
9 43
11,397

79 1
107
685

4,204
505
3,699

7,345
331
7,013

5,507
232
5,275

771
29
742

1,067
70
996

32.4
24.0
3 3.1

41.9
42.3
41.9

1,580

4,349

45,250

27,775

6,606

10,669

41.2

44. 1

270
99
58
57
56

1,624
523
234
388
4 70

20,892
7,784
7,32 1
2,815
2,972

11,280
4,546
3,146
1,481
2,108

2,975
972
1,113
444
446

6,637
2,266
3,062
890
418

43.4
43.1
46.8
41.5
38.5

45.7
45.1
4 7.9
45.2
42.1

1,51b
339
350
178
650

21,003
10,325
5,382
2,608
2,60 7

14,222
6,8 84
3,789
1,515
2,033

3,175
1,b75
853
431
316

3,606
1,866
740
74 2
258

40. 1
41.0
40.2
42.4
34.7

42.6
42.6
42.3
45.2
40.4

1,209
10

3,355
11
3,34 4

2,2 73
8
2,263

456
2
454

626
1
627

36.1
26. 1
36.2

43.6
44.7
43.6

Total, 16 years and over

•.

Miles, 16 years and over.'

51,179

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

22 , 7 86
6.4 0o
7.6 13
3,260
3,506

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

23,641
1 1, 114
5,974
3,024
3.5 29

Service workers
Private household
Other service workers

1, 122
450
242
156
272

J9 1

4,752
21
4,731

188

38,852

1,768

9,227

27,857

2 2,48S

2,758

2,610

34.4

40.3

25,8 53
6.7 15
2,729
2,536
13,874

748

167
44
165
371

5,585
1,289
300
1,066
2,930

19,52 0
5,259
2,385
1,305
10,573

15,692
3,997
1,531
994
9,172

1,906
570
287
148
902

1,922
692
567
163
499

35.3
36.2
41.0
29*4
34.8

40.4
40.9
44.0
40.1
39.4

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

5,411
6 67
3,979
2 86
480

417
25
333
26
33

646
91
284
13J
13d

4,34 8
551
3, 362
127
309

3,563
404
2,825
84
251

537
83
393
27
34

248
64
144
16
24

36.2
37.7
36.8
29-5
32.7

39.8
41.3
39.4
41.0
40. 1

Service workers
Private household
Other service workers

7,5 80
9 22
6 ,b66

60 3
107
497

2,996
494
2,501

3,989
321
3,668

3,2 34
223
3,010

315
28
288

440
70
370

30. 1
23.9
30.9

40.5
42.2
40.3

Females, 16 years and over
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm .
Sales workers
:.
Clerical workers




189

41

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-31. Employment status of 14-15 year-olds by sex and race
^Numbers in thousands]

March 19 80
Black and other

Employment status

Females

Both saxes

Civilian noninstitutional population . .
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Keeping house
Going to school
Unable to work
All other reasons

7,683

3,908

3 # 775

6,390

3,258

3,132

1,293

649

643

1,173
1,014
76
937
159
13.6

622
530
61
469
91
14.6

551
48 3
15
468
68
12.3

1,098
965
77
888
133
12.1

588
510
62
449
78
13.3

510
455
16
439
5b
11.0

74
49

33
20

41
29

50
26
(1)

20
13
(1)

29
12

2,670
3
2,580
9
79

2,622
40
2,502
J
77

1,219
16
1, 152
1
50

616
3
567

6,510
59
6,234
12
205

3,286
7
3,166
9
104

3,224
52
3,068
4
101

b,291
43
5,082
11
155

26

(D
603
13
565
1
24

Percent not shown where base is less than 75.000.

A-32. Employed 14-15 year-olds by sex, class of worker, and occupation

March 1980
Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

CLASS OF WORKER

1,014

530

483

937
8 30
307
35
488
97
11
76
48
8
21

469
3 86
50
21
315
7b
7
61
36
7
1b

468
443
256
14
173
21
4
15
12
1
3

1,014

530

483

100.0

100.0

100.0

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers

289
9
2
219
59

199
i

90
6
2
42
39

28.S
.9
.2
2K6
5. a

37.5
.6

33.2
3.8

18.6
1.2
.4
8.7
8.1

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

144
14
36

129
13
29

15

14.2
1.4
3.6

24.3
2.5
5-5

94

86

9.3

16.2

Service workers
Private household workers
Other service workers

512
29 1
221

149
28
121

363
264
100

50.5
28.7
21.8

28. 1
5.3
22-8

69
3
66

54
3
51

15
1
14

Total
Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers
Private household workers . . ,
Government workers
,
Other wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Agriculture
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

100.0
92.3
81.8
30.2
3.4
48. 1
9.6
1. 1
7.5
4.7
.8
2. 1

100.0

100.0

88.5
72.8
9.4
4.0
59.4
14.3
1.3
11.5
6.8
1.3
3.4

96.7
91.5
52.9
2.9
35.7
4.3
.8
3. 1
2.5
.2
.6

OCCUPATION
Total

Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers
Farm laborers and supervisors

42




176
20

6. 8
.3
6.5

10.2
.6
9.6

3.1
1.4
1.7
75.2
54.7
20.7
3.1
.2
2.9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33

Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sax and age, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

1980

1979
Employment status

Mar.

Apr.

May

Julio

July

Aug.

Sept-

Oct.

Nov.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population l
Armed Forces '
Civilian noninstitutional population ' . .
Civilian labor force
j
Percent of civilian population .'
Employed
j
Percent of total population...:
Agriculture
j
Nonagricultural industries
i
Unemployed
'
Unemployment rate
'.
Not in labor force

162,909 163,008 163,260 163,469 163,685 163,891 164,10o 164,466 164,682 164,898 165,101 165,298 165,506
2,086
2,092
2,093
2,092
2,089
2,081
2,090
2,076
2,090
2#090
2,078
2,082
2,082
160,819 160,926 161,182 161,393 161,604 161,801 162,0 13 162,375 162,589 162,809 163,020 163,211 163,416
103,494
104,229
104,260
103,595
103,652
103,999
104,094
102,505 102, 198 102,398 102,476 103,093 103,128
63.9
63.9
63.9
63.8
63.8
63.9
63.5
63.7
63.7
63.5
63.8
63.7
63.5
97,474
97,608
97,804
97,504
96,495
97,184
97,004
97,912
97,953
97,656
96,623
96,254
96,b52
59.4
59.4
59.4
59.2
59.3
59, 1
59.1
59.3
59.3
59.0
59.3
59.2
59.0
3,364
3,270
3,326
3,294
3,385
3,359
3,246
3,267
3,315
3,358
» 3,243
3,320
3,215
9 4,534 94,626
94,160
94,223
94,553
93,689
94,140
94,298
93,303
93,039 93,249 93,409 93,917
6, 124
6,044
6,087
6,307
5,94 4
5,903
5,824
5,909
5,990
6,12 1
6,425
6,438
5,882
5.8
5.7
5.7
5.9
b.8
5.9
5.8
5.9
6.2
6.0
5-7
6.2
5.8
58,937
58,780
58,810
58,791
58,951 59,322
58,314
58,728 58,784 58,917
58,511 5 8,673 58,319

Males, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population '
Civilian noninstitutional population ! . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population .
Employed
Percent of total population . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

69,612
67,939
54,315
79. 9
52,151
74-9
2,350
49,801
2, 164
4.0
13,624

69,663
67,997
54,239
79.6
52,049
74.7
2,295
49,754
2, 190
4.0
13,758

69,787
68,123
54,288
79.7
52,158
74. 7
2,30 1
49,85 7
2, 130
3. 9
13,635

69,889
68,227
54,370
79.7
52,201
74.7
2,305
49,896
2,169
4.0
13,857

69,995
68,319
54,579
79.9
52,325
74.8
2,327
49,998
2,254
4. 1
13,740

7C,099
68,417
54,597
79.8
52,311
74.6
2,375
49,936
2,286
4.2
13,820

70,205
68,522
54,735
79.9
52, 453
74.7
2,377
50,076
2,282
4.2
13,787

70,380
68,697
54,760
79.7
52,443
74.5
2,371
50,072
2,317
4.2
13,937

70,487
68,804
54,7 09
79.5
52,374
74.3
2,438
49,936
2,335
4.3
14,095

7 0,5 94
68,940
54,781
79.5
52,478
74.3
2,427
50,051
2,3 03
4.2
14,159

70,695
69,047
54,855
79.4
52,279
73.9
2,387
49,892
2,577
4.7
14,192

70,792
69,140
55,038
79.6
52,531
74.2
2,435
50,096
2,507
4.6
14,102

70,896
69,238
54,996
79.4
52,300
73.8
2,394
49,906
2,696
4.9
14,242

7b,589
76,476
38,574
50.4
36,362
47.5
595
35,767
2,212
5.7
37,902

76,645
76,53 2
38,415
50.2
36,216
47.3
572
35,o44
2,199
5.7
38, 117

76,782
76,670
38,619
50.4
36,411
47. 4
577
35,834
2,208
5.7
38,051

76,896
76,784
3 8,6 53
50.3
36,457
4 7. 4
583
35,874
2,196
5.7
38,131

77,014
76,897
39,033
50.8
36,873
47.9
585
36,268
2,160
5.5
37,864

77,127
77,006
39,304
51.0
37,000.
46-0
600
36,400
2,304
5.9
37,702

77,245
77,124
39,239
50.9
37,075
48.0
628
36,447
2,164
5.5
37,885

77,429
77,306
39,362
50.9
37,112
47.9
572
36,540
2,250
5.7
37,946

77,547
77,426
39,445
50.9
37,248
48.0
612
36,636
2,197
5.6
37,981

77,666
77,542
39,659
51.1
37,402
48.2
582
36,820
2,257
5.7
37,883

77,779
77,656
39,878
51.4
37,574
48.3
540
37,034
2,304
5.8
37,778

77>890
77,766
39,857
51.3
37,604
48.3
567
37,037
2,254
5.7
37,909

78,005
77,876
39,751
51.0
37,496
48.1
582
36,914
2,255
5.7
38,125

16,709
16,404
9,616
5 0.6
8, 110
48. 5
375
7,735
1,5U6
15.7
6,788

16,700
16,397
9,544
53.2
7,989
47.8
J4 8
7,o4i
1,555
16.3
6,853

1o,692
16,38 9
9,49 1
57. 9
7,926
47. 5
3t>8
7,558
1,56 5
16. 5
6,698

16,684
16,381
9,453
57.7
7,994
47.9
355
7,639
1,459
15.4
6,928

16,677
16,387
9,481
57.9
7,986
47.9
355
7,631
1,495
15.8
6,906

16,665
16,377
9,227
56.3
7,693
46.2
340
7,353
1,534
16.6
7,150

16,o55
16,3b7
9,520
53.2
7, 976
47.9
359
7,fa17
1,544
16-2
6, 84 7

16,659
16,370
9,473

16,648
16,360
9,498
58. 1
7,98b
48.0
335
7,651
1,512
15.9
6,862

16,638
16,326
9,559
58.6
8,032
48.3
350
7,682
1,527
16.0
6,7b7

16,627
16,317
9,4 97
58.2
7,952
47.8
344
7,608
1,545
16.3
6,82 0

16,616
16,305
9,365
57.4
7,818
47.1
325
7,493
1,547
16-5
6,940

16,606
16,302
9,346
57.3
7,859
47.3
381
7,478
1,487
15.9
6,956

Females, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population '
Civilian noninstitutional population ' . .
Civilian fabor force
Percent of civilian population.
Employed
Percent of total population . . .
Agriculture
Nonagribultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Total noninstitutional population *
Civilian noninstitutional population * . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population.
Employed
Percent of total population . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

1
T h e p o p u l a t i o n and A r m e d
variations.




Forces figures are n o t adjusted f o r seasonal

57.9
7,919
47.5
351
7,568
1,554
16.4
6,897

NOTE: Detail for the household data shown in tables A-33 through A-42 will not necessarily
add to totals, because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

43

HOUSEHOLD

DATA

SEASONALLY
A-34.

ADJUSTED

Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]
1980

197'i
Full- and part-time employment
status
Mar.

Auy.

Dec.

J d n.

Feb.

flac.

8 8 , 394 8 8 ,469
83 , 5 9 8 83 ,699
4 ,770
4 , 796
5.4
5.4

6 8 ,576
83 ,785
4 ,791
5.4

8 8 , 627
8 3 , 581
5,046
5.7

8 8 , 747
8 3 , 80b
4 , 942
5.6

83,43b
5,168
5.8

15 ,158
13 ,906
1 ,252
8.3

15 ,411
14 ,102
1 ,309
8.5

1 5 , 666
1 * , 302
1 , 364
8.7

1 5 , 551
168
1 , 383
8.9

15,398
14,123
1,275
8.3

Nov.

Oct.

Sept.

June

July

8 7 , 501
8 2 , 9 8b
4 , 51S
5.2

8 7 , 749
8 3 , 132
4 , 617
5.3

8 7 , b 8 5 8 8 , 134
8 2 , 9 5 8 8 3 , 419
4 , 715
4 , 727
5.4
5.3

1 5 , 448
14, 161
1, /87
8.3

15,535 1 5 , 275
1 4 , 1 6 3 1 3 , 987
1 , 3 72
1 , 286
8.4
8. 8

1 5 , 165
13, 822
1 , 343
8.9

May

A [C.

FULL TIME
Total, 16 years and over:

UnemDloved
Unemployment rate

•

87 , 4 0 6 87 ,412
,775
* ? ,8b 9
it , 539
n ,637
5,2
5.3

87,397
82,864
4,533
5.2

88,604

PART TIME
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Unemployed

1 r i ,024
1 ~\, b 7 3
1, 3 5 1
9.0

14 ,806
"H ,515
1 ,291
6.7

r
14,962 1 >,
13,573
1,
1,389
9. 3

0f>4
76?
10?
8.6

NOTE: Persons on part-time schedules for economic reasons are included in the full-time
employed category; unemployed persons are allocated by whether seeking full- or part-time work.

A-35. Employment status by race, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
1980

1979

July

Apr.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb. Mar

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

90,260
85,754
4,506
5.0

09., 99b 90,120
85,497 85,632
4,4^>9
4,488
5.0
5.0

Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

48,460
46,789
1,671
3.4

48,400 41),421 48,525 48,634 43,646 48,727 48,752 48,754 48,811 48,964 49,170 49,093
4b ,721 46,797 46,831 46,873 46,833 46,920 46,948 46,939 47,025 46,950 47,205 46,922
1,964
2,171
1,624
1,679
1,813
1,761
1,694
1,786
1,815
1,804
1,807
2,014
4.0
3.4
4.4
3.5
3.5
3.7
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
4.1

Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

J 3 , 2 3 8 33,122 33,286
3 1 , 5 6 9 31 ,479 31,617
1,bb9
1,669
1,643
5.0
5.0
5.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

90,659 90,759 91 ,062 91,147 91,242 91,579 91,852 91,977 91,821
86,120 85,976 86,425 86,454 86,571 86,894 86,895 87,081 86,822
4,896
4,657
4,783
4,539
4,957
4,685
4,671
4,693
4,999
5.3
5.1
5.3
5.0
5.1
5.1
5.4
5.1
5.4

33,286 33,604 3 3 , 8 7 9 33,858 33,946 33,979 34,205 34,411 34,4 44 34,381
31,649 31,9 86 32,12b 32,223 32.,249 32,310 32,492 32,654 32,668 32,704
1,776
1,677
1,618
1,639
1,753
1,757
1,669
1,697
1,635
1,713
5.2
4.9
4.8
4.9
5.2
4.9
5.0
4.8
5.0
5.1

8,413
7,218
1,195
14.2

8,402
7,295
1,107
13.2

8,421
7,261
1,160
13.8

12,191 12,219
10,767 10,816
1 ,424
1,403
11.7
11.5

12,260
10,887
1,373
11.2

12,386
11,023
1,363
11.0

8 ,474
7,297
1 ,177
13.9

8,562
7,396
1,166
13.6

90,215
85,775
4,440
4.9

8,234
7,017
1,217
14.8

8,497
7,282
1,215
14.3

8,449
7,257
1,192
14.1

12,343 12,404
10,932 11,063
1,341
1,361
11-0
10.8

12,512
11,076
1,436
11.5

8,509
7,322
1,187
13.9

8,363
7,207
1,15b
13.8

8,347
7,196
1,151
13.8

12,453
10,979
1,474
11.8

12,362
10,937
1,424

12,266
10,823
1,443
11.8

8,563
7,377
1,166
13.9

8,477
7,291
1,186
14.0

12,391 12,432
11,044 11,024
, 1,347
1,408
10.9
11.3

BLACK AND OTHER
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

12,238
10,860
1,378
11.3

Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,652
5,340
512
0.7

5,823
5,324
499
8.6

5,847
5,358
48 9
8.4

5,889
5,414
4 75
8.1

5,961
5,463
498
8.4

5, 9' 5b
5,471
485
8. 1

5,909
5,510
479
8.0

6,003
5,486
517
8.6

5,927
5,429
498
8.4

5,954
5,439
515
8.6

5,925
5,358
567
9.6

5,914
5,368
546

9.2

5,883
5,334
548
9.3

Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,333
4,799
53 4
10.0

5,296
4 ,739
557
10.5

5,309
4,779
530
10.0

5,357
4,799
558
10.4

5,398
4,857
541
10.0

5,395
4,342
553
10.3

5,308
4,858
530
9.8

5,476
4,920
556
10.2

5,455
4,9 37
518
9.5

5,467
4,921
546
10.0

5,493
4,944
54 9
10.0

5,414
4,928
486
9.0

5,394
4,826
S68
10.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1,053
721
33 2
31.5

1,072
704
368
34.3

1 , C6 3
679
304
36. 1

1,014
6 74
340
33.5

1,027
703
324
31.5

992
669
323
32.6

1,027
695
332
32.3

1 ,033
670
363
35.1

1,009
678
331
32.8

1,011
664
347
34.3

1,035
677
358
34.6

1,034
642
392
37.9

990
663
327
33.0

I

44




11.5

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
[Unemployment rates]

1973

1980

Selected categories

Nay

June

Jul>

Aug.

Sept. Oct.

Nov. Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Bar

CHARACTERISTICS

15.7

5.0
4.0
5.7
16.3

5.8
3.9
5.7
16.5

5.7
4.0
5.7
15.4

5.7
4. 1
5.5
15.6

5.9
4.2
5.9
16.6

5.8
4.2
5.5
16.2

5.9
4.2
5.7
16.4

5.8
4,3
5.6
15.9

5.0
11.3

5.0
11.7

5.0
11.5

4.9
11.2

5.0
11.0

5.3
11.0

5.1
10.8

5.1
11.5

5.1
10,9

Married men, spouse present . .
Married women, spouse present
Women who head families

2.6
5.2
B.2

5.2
8,3

2.5
5.2
8.6

2.7
5.1
9.0

2.8
4.9
8.1

2.9
5.3
7.9

2.9
4.8
7.7

2.9
5.2
8.4

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over'
Labor force time lost 3

5.2
9.0
1.3
6.2

5.3
8.7
1.2
6.4

5.2
9.3
1.2
6.3

5,2
8.6
U1
6.3

5.3
8.3
1.0
6.4

5.4
8.8
1.1
6.4

5.3
8.4
1.1
6.2

3.3
2.2
2. 1
4..1
t>.o
4.5
7.8
5.2
10.2
7.3
3.3

3. 3
2.3
2.3
4.0
4.5
6.9
4.4
8.5
5.9
10.6
7.3
3.4

3.2
2.1
2.2
4.0
4.5
6.8
4.2
8.2
5.4
11. 1
7.2
3.6

7.
5.
10.
7.
3.

3.3
2.5
2.0
3.5
4.5
o.8
4.4
8.3
5.1
11.0
7.1
4.2

3.5
2.5
2.3
4.0
4.9
7.3
4.7
8.9
6.2
11.3
7.1
3.9

5.6
10. 1
5.2
4.4
6.4
3.9
6.3
4.8
4, 1
fl.O

5.7
10.5
5.3
4.7
6.3
3,0
6. 6
4.8
3.7
8.7

5.7
10.0
5.4
4.4
G.9
3.6
6.4
4.9
3.6
9.3

5.6
10.0
5.4
4.9
6.3
3. 1
6. 7
4.7
3.6
7.8

5.7
10.0
5.7
5.4
6.2
3.8
6.3
4.9
3.6
9.7

6.0
10.1
5.9
5.4
6.8
3.7
6.5
5.2
3.7
9.9

5.7
4.0

Total (all civilian workers)
Males, 20 years and over . . .
Females, 20 years and over .
Both sexes, 16-10 years . . .
White
Black and other.

5.9
4.2
5.7

6.0

16.0

6.2
4.7
5.8
16.3

16.5

6.2
4.*
5.7
15.9

5.1
11.3

5.4
11.8

5.3
11.5

5.4
11.8

2,9
4.8
8.4

2.8
5.0
8.4

3.4
5.2
9.2

3.1
5.4
8.5

3.4
5.3
8.7

5.4
8.9
1.2
6.4

5.4
8.3
1.1
6.4

5.4
8.5
1.2
6.4

5.7
8.7
1.3
6.7

5.6
8.9
1.2
6.6

5.8
8.3
1.3
6.8

3.3
2.4
2.2
3.8
4.5
7.1
4.3
9.0
6. 1
11.0
6.7
4. 1

3.4
2.7
2.2
3.8
4.7
7.2
4.6
9.1
5.6
10.7
6.8
4.3

3.2
2.4
1.9
3.7
4.4
7.5
4.9
9.0
5.2
12.2
6.6
4.5

3.3
2.3
2.0
3.8
4.6
7.2
4.4
9.0
5.0
12.2
6.6
4.3

3.4
2.2
1.9
4.4
4.8
8.0
4.9
9.9
6.9
12.3
6.9
4.4

3.4
2.3
2.2
4.5
4.7
7.7
4.8
9.2
6.7
12.0
6.9
3.9

3.3
2.3
2.4
4.0
4.5
8.0
5.4
9.3
6.6
13.0
7.1
4.0

5.8
9.6
6.0
5.3
7.1
4.0
6.4
4.7
3.3
10.0

5.9
9.9
6.0
5.5
6.8
3.8
6.4
4.9
4.0
9.9

5.8
10.2
5.9
5.6
0.3
4.2
6.5
4.6
3.6
10.1

5.8
6.2
10.3 10.8
5.9
6.7
5.5
6.7
6.4
6.8
4. 1
4.4
6.4
6.6
4.7
4.6
3.6
3.8
9.4 10.3

6.0
10.5
6.4
6.3
6.7
4.4
6.4
4.6
4.0
9.2

6.2
13.0
6.5
6.4
6.7
3.8
6.3
4.9
4.2
10.2

4.6
5.7

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

a.8

3.
2.
2.
4.
4.
6.
4.

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers 3 .
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultuial wage and salary workers

1

Unemployment as a percent of civilian labor force.

2

Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part-time for economic reasons

A-37.

as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
3

Includes mining, not shown separately.

Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers In thousands]

19 79

1980

Weeks of unemployment

flay

June

July

2,023
1,919
1,212
705
507

2,800
1,80b
1,152
656
496

2,820
1,934
1,067
615
452

Se^t.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

3, 1o0
1,7jd
1, 185
65d
527

2,778
2,035
1,152
644
508

2,955
1,963

2,919
1,869
1,191
660
531

2,916

3,184
1,907
1,334

2,995

795
539

790
496

776
587

Mar

DURATION
Both sexes, 16 years and over:

Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

2,995
2,169

,

2,769
1,860
1,291

,

562

6>j7
536

11.8
5.a

11.0
5.4

10.9

10.5
5.6

10. 1
6.0

10.7
4.9

10.7
5.8

10.5

10.6
5.3

10.5
5.5

10.5
5.2

10.7
5.8

11.0
5.9

100. 0
40.8
31.4

100.0
48. 1
31.5
20.4
11.5
9.0

100.0
47.4
32.2
20.4
11.8
8.5

100.0
49.3
31.0
19.7
11.2
d.5

100.0
48.4
33.2
18.3
10.6
7.8

100.0
52.0
28.5
19.5
10.6
8.7

100.0
46.6
34.1
19.3
10.8
8.5

100.0
48.3
32.1
19.5
11.1
8.5

100.0
48.8
31.3
19.9
11.0
8.9

100.0
47.7
32.2
20.1
11.6
8.5

100.0
49.6
29.7
20.8
12.4
8.4

100.0
47. 1
32.7
20.2
12.4
7.8

100.0
45.9
33.2
20.9
11.9
9.0

Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

729

1,804
1 ,223

1,195
678
517

1,966
1,230
711
519

2,081
1,286

1,363

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Leu than 5 weeks
6 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
16 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




21.fa
12.3

9.5

45

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Rates of unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
1980

1979
Sex and age

Apr.

flat.

Males 16 vears and over

18 t o 19 years
20 t o 24 years

Females 16 vears and over

.

Aug.

Nov.

Sej. t- Get.

Dec.

JaD.

Feb.

Mar.

5.7

5.8

5.8

5.7

5.7

5.9

5.8

5.9

5.8

5.9

6.2

6.0

6.2

16.3
18.7
14.3

16.5
16. 9
15.0

16.2
16-9
15.6

16.4
18.4
15.0

15-9
17-3
14-7

16.0
18-0
14.5

15.9
17.4
14.7

3. 1

3.2

3.1

4. 1
2.9

8.8
4.0
4.3

3. 1

4. 1
2.9

9-6
4.0
4.2

9.8
3.8

4. 1
3. 1

3.9
4.0

9.2
3.9

9.5

3.9

9.3
4.0
4.2

16.3
19.0
14.0
10.1

16.5
18.7
15.1

8.6
4.0

15.8
17.3
14.5
9. 1

16.6
18.5
15.4

0.3
3.9

15.4
17.5
14. 4
8. 9

3.0

2.7

4. 1
2.7

5. 1

5.0

4.9

i>.1

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.2

3,9
3.9
4.2 . 4 . 0

5.0

3.5

2.8

9.7
4.4
4.7
2.8

5.7

5.5

5.7

4.2
4.4

4. 1
4.5

15.6 14.8
18.0 15.9
14. 1 14.0
9.9 10.4
3.6
3.9
3.8
4.2
2.6
2.7

15.8
13.9
13.6
8.3
3.2
3.3
2.8

16.0
17. 9
14- 1
8.0
3.3
3. 3
3-0

16. 1
18. 9
14.0
8.2
3. 1
3.2
2.8

14.5
16-8
14.0
8.3
3.2
3.2
3. 1

15.4
16. 1
14.S
8.8
i.3
3.4
3.3

16.3
18.0
15.1
8.8
3.4
3.5
3.1

16.1
16.7
15-3
8.8
3. 3
3.6
2.8

15.7
17. 1
14.4
9.5
3.4
3.5
2.8

15.8
17.8
14-0
8.4
3-5
3-d
2.6

15.6
17- 9
13.6
9.4
3-2
3.4
2.6

16.2
19.0
13.9
10.4
3.7
3.8
3.5

b.8

6.9

6.9

6.6

6.6

7.0

6.6

6-9

6.6

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.8

15.5
13.0
13.3

16.6
19.6
14,5

16. .9
18- 8
16.0

16.5
18.3
14.9

16.2
18.6
14-2

17.0
19.0
15.7

16.4
17.2
15.9

17.2
19.8
15.6

16.1
16.7
15-5

16.3
19,1
14.2

17.6
19.5
16.2

17.3
19.2
15.6

9.8

9.1

4.9
5.2

4.9
5.4

3.4

3.0

9.0
5.0
5.5
2-9

....

16 t o 19 years . . .

July

15-7
18.5
13.b

•• •

.

June

May

20 t o 24 years

9.5

9-4

9.7

9.7

9.4

9.8

9.6

9.7

9.J

4.9
5.3

4.9
5.3

4-9
5.2

4.8
5.2

4.7
5.0

4.9
5.3

4.6
5.0

4.9
5.2

4.7
5.0

16.4
18.0
15.5
10.2
4.7
5-1

3.6

3.2

3.6

2.8

3.1

3.2

2.9

3.4

2.9

2.9

A-39. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]

1979

1980

Reason for unemployment

ft i>r.

Hay

June

July

Aug.

2,520
839
1,681
84 7
1 ,778
800

2,356
725

2,449
bib

1,631
940
1,767
82 4

1,633
857
1,753
781

2,526
797
1,729
846
1,762
726

2,680
9 15
1/765
8 75
1,788
745

2,632
855
1,777
825
1,760
801

2,731
929
1,802
835
1,762
804

2,729
987
1,742
845
1,698
736

100.0
42.4
14. 1
28.3
14.2
29.9
13.5

100.0
40.0
12.3
27.7
16.0
30.0
14.0

100.0
41.9
14.0
28.0
14.7
30.0
13.4

100.0
43.1
13.6
29.5
14.4
30. 1
12.4

100.0
44.0
15.0
29.0
14.4
29.4

100.0
43.7
14.2
29.5
13.7
29.2
13*3

100.0
44.5
15.2
29.4
13.6
28.7
13.1

100.0
45.4
16.4
29.0
14. 1
28.3
12.3

2.5
.8
1.7
.7

2.6
.8
1.7
.7

2.5
.6
1.7

2.6
.8
1.7

Sept.

Nov.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar-

2,728
944
1,764
800
1,771
858

2,988
1,019
1,969
779
1,797
811

2,907
1,031
1,876
813
1,784
827

3,047
1,129
1,918
788
1,803
805

100.0
44.3
15.3
29.0
13.0
28.8
13.9

100.0
46.9
16.0
3 0.9
12.2
28.2
12.7

100.0
45.9
16.3
29.6
12.8
28.2
13. 1

100.0
47.3
17.5
29.8
12.2
28.0
12.5

2.6
.8
1.7
.8

2.9
.7
1.7
.8

2.8
.8
1.7
.8

2.9
.8
1.7
.8

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Both sexes, 16 years and over:
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

2,457
791
1,b66
364
1,766

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

100. 0
41.7
13.4
28.3
14.7
30.0
13.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

46




2.4
.6

2.5

1.7
.8

1.7
.fl

2.3
.9
1.7
.8

1.7
•8

2.6
.8
1.6
.7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40.

Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

1979

1980

Sex and age

May

Mac.
Tottl, 16 years and
ovtr
16to19ytars
16to 17 years
18 to 19 years
2Qto 24 years
25 years and over
26 to 54 years
56 years and over . . . . .
Males, 16 years and
over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 yean
25 years and over
26 to 54 years
65 years and over
Females, 16 years and
over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 yean
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 yean

25 years and over
25 to 54 years
56 years and over

A-41.

Jure

July

Auy

Oct.

NOV.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Hair.

96,623

96,254

96,495

9 6,652

97,184

97,004

97,504

97,474

97,608

97,912

97,804

97,953

97,656

8,110
3,320
4,781
13,914
74,!>75
60,236
14,364

7,989
3,^75
4,723
13,937
74,29 6
60,092
14,241

7,926
3,212
4,69 9
13,867
74,711
60,331
14,311

7,9 94
3,252
4,704
13,859
74,864
60,552
14,30b

7,986
3,242
4,725
13,910
75,290
60,986
14,304

7,693
3,043
4,623
13,849
75,436
61,082
14,399

7,976
3,335
4,665
13,949
75,616
61,208
14,381

7,919
3,251
4,674
13,875
75,728
61,302
14,417

7,986
3,315
4,694
13,920
75,650
61,281
14,368

8,032
3,320
4,717
13,837
76,030
61,686
14,350

7,952
3,247
4,726
13,819
76,080
61,799
14,292

7,818
3,120
4,722
13,846
76,295
61,815
14,464

7,859
3,185
4,660
13,749
76,012
61,719
14,326

56,449

56,294

56,372

56,477

56,570

56,408

56,714

56,629

56,580

56,734

56,486

56,732

56,601

1,784
2,509
7,519
44,636
35,b28
8,84 0

4,245
1,774
2,473
7,593
44,418
35,701
8,746

4,214
1,745
2,470
7,519
44,658
35,857
8,802

4,27t>
1,754
2,489
7,530
44,681
35,921
8,767

4,245
1,743
2,485
7,510
44,806
36,020
8,789

4,097
1,632
2,445
7,498
44,818
35,962
8,831

4,261
1,839
2,452
7,590
44,912
36,052
8,844

4,186
1,758
2,430
7,531
44,924
36,100
8,793

4,206
1,755
2,462
7,533
44,796
36,020
8,782

4,256
1,783
2,477
7,498
44,966
36,206
8,759

4,207
1,745
2,478
7,441
44,883
36,161
8,723

4,201
1,719
2,494
7,477
45,070
36,136
8,904

4,301
1,804
2,488
7,(153
44,833
36,036
8,842

40,174

39,960

40,123

40,175

40,614

40,596

40, 790

40,845

41,028

41,178

41,318

41,221

41,054

3,312
1,536

3 , 744
1,501
2,250
6,344
29,878
24,391
5,495

3,712
1,467
2,22.9
6,348
30,053
24,474
5,50 9

3,718
1,498
2,215
6,329
30,183
24,631
5,538

3,741
1,499
2,240
6,400
30,464
24,966
5,515

3,596
1,416
2,178
6,351
30,618
25,120
5,568

3,715
1,496
2, 2 13
6,359
30,704
25,156
5,537

3,733
1,493
2,244
6,344
30,804
25,202
5,624

3,780
1,560
2,232
6,387
30,854
25,261
5,586

3,776
1,537
2,240
6,339
31,064
25,480
5,591

3,744
1,502
2,248
6,377
31,197
25,638
5,569

3,617
1,401
2,228
6,369
31,225
25,679
5,560

3,558
1,381
2,172
6,296
31,178
25,683
5,484

2,272
6,39 5
29,939
24,408
5,524

Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

1979

1980

Sex and aoe

Mar.
Total, 16 years and
over

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan*

Feb.

Har.

5 ,882

5, 944

5,903

5,824

5 #909

6,124

5 , 990

6,121

6 ,044

6 , 087

6 ,425

6 ,307

6,438

16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over. . .

1,506
754
74 5
1 ,34 6
3 ,02 5
2 ,572
4o0

1 * i>55
754
790
1 , 316
3 , 07 1
2, 6G6
456

1,565
74 7
82 9
1,3f>5
2,997
2,520
465

1 ,459
690
791
1 ,359
3 ,005
2 ,562
434

1, 4 9 5
676
803
1,386
3 ,04 V
2,567
478

1,534
690
841
1,415
3,155
2,697
467

1, 544
680
860
1 , 413
3 , 036
2 , 647
422

1,554
732
825
1,470
3,140
2,698
449

1 ,512
692
811
1, 3 4 6
3 ,168
2 ,744
40 3

1 , 527
728
802
1 , 505
3 , 040
2 , 650
400

1 ,545
764
772
1 ,554
3 .326
2,818
512

1 ,547
716
841
1 ,458
3 ,300
2 ,899
412

1,487
671
806
1,482
3,463
3,064
410

Males, 16 years and
•over

2 ,972

3S3

2,94 1

2 493

3 ,027

3,083

3, 098

3,098

3 ,124

3 , 089

3 ,392

3 ,283

3,441

808
416
39 5
67H
1, 4 7 9
1, 2 1 9

J09
367
407
1 , 525
It 237
272

81 1 .
407
40 3
674
1,451
1,173
25 8

724
355
404
002
483
h 201
276

773
334
431
723
,531
1, 2 5 2
30 2

797
358
436
724
1,575
1,299
283

816
370
442
734
1 , 552
1 , 327
2 54

781
363
410
789
1,565
1,322
254

789
380
402
692
1, 6 4 2
1, 4 0 5
237

786
390
391
782
1 , 505
282
231

815
410
39<1
860
1,719
1,410
314

776
377
411
817
1 ,680
1 ,435
242

745
342
405
863
1,826
1,573
246

2 , y io

2 , 945

^,962

2, 931

2 /88 2

3,041

2 , 892

3,023

2 ,920

2 , 998

3, 034

3 ,025

2,997

690
33 fi
3bO
66 8
1 ,54o
1,353
207

746
36 7
383
657
1 , ^46
1,
164

754
34 0
426
68 1
1,546
1,347
20 7

735
335
387

722
342
372
663
1 ,510
,315
176
1

737
332
405
6 91
1,560
1,398
1d4

728
310
418
679
1 # 484
1 , 320
168

773
369
415
681
1,575
1,376
195

723
312
409
654
1 ,526
1 ,339
166

741
338
411
123
1 , 535
1 , 368
169

730
354
373
694
1 , 6 07
• *4 0 8
198

771
339
430
641
621
i ! 465
170

742
329
401
620
1,637
1,491
165

16 to 19 years

16 to 19 years . . . .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 yean . .
25 years and over. . . . .
25 to 54 years
55 years and over. . .
Females, 16 years and
over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over . . .




6 77
1 , 522
1 , 361
158

47

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-42.

Employed persons by selected social end economic categories, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands)

1979

1980

Selected categories

Mar.

Apr

June

July

Auy. Sept.

Oct.. Nov

Jan.

Feb. Mar-

CHARACTERISTICS
Total, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present

9 6 , 6 2 3 9b ,254 96,495 96,652 97,104 97,004 97,504 9 7 , 4 7 4 97,608 97,912 97,804 9 7 , 9 5 3 97,656
39,193 38,910 39,045 39,079 39,176 39,180 39,198 39,124 38,845 38,924 38,749 3 8 , 9 5 5 38,745
2 2 , 6 0 5 22,376 22,547 2 2 , 6 6 4 22,908 22,869 22,937 22,919 22,940 2 3,0 27 2 3 , 1 1 1 2 3 , 1 7 8 2 3 , 2 0 2

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators,
except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment
operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

4 8,996 49 ,061 4 9 , 1 3 6 4 9 , 192 49,536 49,663 49,816 49,738 49,912 4 9 , 9 1 1 50,313 5 0 , 4 4 8 5 0 , 3 0 2
15,012 15,091 15,10 0 15,010 15,057 Is,068 15,141 15,057 15,131 15,272 15,337 15,444 15,397
10,392
6,055
17,537
32*041
12,792
10,991

U,398
6 ,084
17,488
31,705
12,703
10,770

10,427 10,534 10,612 10,698 10,659 10,639 10,617 10,535
6,101
6,103
6,163
6,145
6,181
6,261 6,362
6,346
17,508 17,545 17,704 17,752 17,835 17,781 17,802 17,758
31,904 31,992 32,051 31,849 32,209 32,205 3 2 , 1 1 0 3 2 , 3 0 2
12,820 12,944 12,876 12,761 12,993 13,001 12,925 13,041
10,755 10,804 10,884 10,909 10,964 10,967 10,963 11,042

3,569
3,564
3,644
4,689
4,o68
4,035
12,847 12 ,907 12,772
2,Ilk
2,659 2 , 6 2 8

10,608
6,452
17,915
31,882
12,814
10,678

10,971
6,185
17,848
31,754
12,728
10,661

10,755
6,113
18,037
31,670
12,767
10,579

3,605 3,627 3,604 3,617 3,593 3,628 3,635 3,616 3 , 5 7 1 3 , 5 5 8
4,664
4,639
4,575
4,635 4,644 4,594 4 # 584 4,774 4,795 4 , 7 6 7
12,805 12,766 12,621 12,859 12,937 12,899 12,970 12,979 13,080 1 2 , 9 8 1
2,678 2,707
2,679
2,722
2,695 2 , 7 1 8 2,694 2 , 6 6 0 2,764 2,733

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND-CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Serf-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,415
1,583
314

Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

86,439
15,281
71,158
1,262
69,896
6,542
446

1 # 379
1 ,553
291

86,105
15,359
70,746
1,172
69,574
6,463
465

1,424
1,519
283

1,423
1,539
291

B6,232
15,616
70,616
1,195
69,421
6,608
46 0

86,309
15,318
70,991
1,235
69,756

1,419
1,558
291

1,384
1,614
310

86,454
15,393
71,061
1,219
69,842
6,629 6,752
4 74
519

86,42i
15,279
7 1 , 142
1,211
69,931
6,689
450

1,399
1,642
325

1,381
1,602
313

1,475
1,622
310

66,912 86,982 8 7 , 0 2 0
15/407 15,423 15/358
71,505 71,559 7 1 , 6 6 2
1,313
1,261
1,211
70,192 70,298 7 0 , 4 5 1
6,731
6,812
6,781
449
430
417

1,451
1,596

1,428
1,554

310

293

1,417
1,648
283

1,449
1,600
300

87,384 87,578 8 7 , 4 1 9 8 7 , 2 2 1
15,397 15,414 15,540 15,622
71,987 72,163 71,879 7 1 , 5 9 9
1,228
1,132
1,178
1,115
70,759 7 1 , 0 3 1 7 0 , 7 0 2 70,484
6,752 6,899 6,825
6,737
379
409
397
376

PERSONS AT WORK 1
Nonagricultural industries
Full-time schedules
Part-time for economic reasons
Usually work full-time
Usually work part-time
Part time for noneconomic

87, 847 86,608 87,785 87,749 88,769 08,855 88,723 8 8 , 6 3 8 8 8 , 6 1 7 89,180 89,454 88,985 8 8 , 5 8 5
72,529 71 ,659 72,496 72,243 72,915 73,053 73,159 73,204 72,997 7 3 , 1 3 7 73,223 7 3 , 1 1 0 72,749
3,211 3,279
3,283
3,284
3,274
3,298 3 , 167 3 , 3 1 5 3,392 3,519
3,513
3,406 3 , 4 1 8
1,254
1,287
1,273
1,334
1,322
1,401
1,273
1,354
1,413
1,491
1,549
1,380
1,463
1 ,957 1 ,99 2 2,010
1,940
1,962
1,897
1,694
1,961
1,979
2,028
1,964
2,026 1,955
12,107 11 ,670 12,006

12,222 12,500 12,504 12,397

1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons
s vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

48




12,119

12,228

12,524

12,718

12,469

12,418

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-43.

Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age

(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Civilian labor force

Veteran status
and age

Unemployed

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Percent
of
labor
force

Employed

dar.
19 79

Mar.
1980

Mar.
1979

1900

1979

Mar.
1980

Mar.
1979

8,492
610

8,583
4 03

8,105
573

8,097
357

7,647
478

7,592
299

458
95

7,07 2
2,06 1
3,56 9
1,442
810

7,231
1,784
3,602
1,845
949

6,836
1,973
3,455
1,408
696

6,940
1,693
3,460
1,787
800

6,497
1,822
3,312
1,363
672

6 # 519
1 ,518
3,283
1,718
774

14;312
6,511
4 , 104
3,697

15,215
6,9 65
4,450
3,8 00

13,552
b,110
3,905
3,53 7

14,399
6,566
4,239
3,594

12,966
5,777
3,764
3,425

13,568
6, 102
4,028
3,438

Mar.
1980

ft d r .
1979

Bar.
1980

505
58

5.7
16.6

6.2
16.2

339
151
143
45
24

421
175
177
69
26

5.0
7.7
4.1
3.2
3.4

6.1
10.3
5.1
3.9
3.2

586
333
141
112

831
464
211
156

4.3
5.5
3.6
3.2

5.8
7.1
5.0
4.3

VETERANS 1
Total, 20 years and over
20 to 24 years

25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 years and over
NONVETERANS
Total, 25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 t o 39 years

1

Vietnam-era veterans are those who served between August 5,1964 and May 1975.
Nonveterans are males who have never served in the Armed Forces. Published data are limited
to those 25-39 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era
veteran population.
3




49

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-44. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sax, age, and race, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers In thousands]

1977

1978

1979

1980

EmptoyimntitftiM

II

III

IV

II

IV

II

III

IV

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population'
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ...
Civilian labor foroa
Percent of civilian population .
Employed
Percent of total population...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed • • • • • • • • • • • • • « • • • •
Unemployment rate

157,582 158,223 158,898 159,531 160,126 160,715 161,355 162,037 162,663 163,260 163,894 164,682 1b5,302
2,136
2,135
2,122
2,132
2,110
2,115
2,093
2,079
2,130
2,088
2,091
2, 120
2,086
155,446 156,094 156,764 157,399 158,004 158,605 159,235 159,922 160,570 161,181 161,806 162,591 163,216
96,152
97,638
96,584
97,135
99,136 100,173 100,777 101,538 102,315 102,357 103,238 103,749 104,194
61.9
62.2
62.3
62.6
63.5
62.7
63.2
63.3
63.7
63.5
63.8
63.8
63.8
86,974
90,1C8
90,913
92,10b
92,954 94,145 94,734 95,653 96,425 96,467 97,231 97,665 97,804
56.5
57.0
57,7
58.6
57.2
58. 1
58.7
59.0
59.3
59.1
59.3
59.3
59.2
3,166
3,318
3,291
3,195
3,324
3,336
3,367
3,331
3,29 6
3,235
3,315
3,346
3,318
85,808
8b,869
88,817
87,718
89,630 90,809 91,367 92,323 93,130 93,232 93,915 94,319 94,486
7, 178
6,948
6,028
6,72 6 6,476
6,182
5,885
6,043
6,008
6,084
5,890
5,890
6,390
7.5
7.2
6. 9
6.6
5.8
6.2
6.0
6.0
5.8
5,8
5.8
5.9
6.1

Males, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional populationl
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population.
Employed
Percent of total population.'..
Agriculture
.'
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

67,023
65,338
52,059

67,321
65,635

79.7

79.7

49,100
73.3
2,260
46,640

49,522

2,959
5.7

52,293
73.6
2,336
47,184
2,770
5.3

68,238

67,641
65,949
52,437
79.6
49,878
73.7
2,300
47,578
2,609
5.0

67,951
66,261
52,'i38
79.9
50,445
74,2
2,326
48,119

79.8
50,698
74.3
2,341
48,357

2,493
4.7

2,392
4.5

74,429
74,331
35,834
48.2
33,36 1
44.8
2,473

74,770
74,671
36,276
48.6
33,841

75,094
74,994

4 5.3
.2,435

45.9
2,204
6.0

66,556

53,090

68,520
66,844
53,374

69,491

68,831
67, 134
53,465
79.6
51,282
74.5
2,382
48,901
2,182
4.1

69,184
67,489
53,886

75,413
75,310
37,265
49.5
35,002
46.4
2,263
6.1

75,756
75,649
37,657
49.8

76,455
76,345
38,393
50-3
36,190
47.3
2,203

6.1

76,112
76,003
38,041
50.1
35,863
47.11
2,17a
5.7

16,782
16,452
9,534
57.9
8,010
47.7
1,524
16.0

16,768
16,452
9,656
58.7
8,090
43.2
1,565
16.2

16,742
16,429
9,612
58.5
8,054
48. 1
1,558
16.2

16,717
16,398
9,637
58.8
8,106

79.8
51,133
74.6
2,360
48,773
2,241
4.2

79.8
51,737
74.8
2,353
49,383
2,149
4.0

67,827
54,285
80.0
52,129
75.0
2,327
49,601
2,156
4.0

69,766
68,123

54,299
79.7
52,136
74.7
2,300
49,836
2,163
4.0

70,100
68,419
54,637

79.9
52,363
74.7
2,360
50,003
2,274
4.2

70,487
68,814
54,750
79.6
52,432
74.4
2,412

70,794
69,142
54,963

2,318
4.2

79-5
52,370
74.0
2,405
49,965
2,593
4.7

77,547
77,425
39,489
51.0
37,254
48.0
2,235
5.7

77,891
77,766
39,829
51,2
37,558
48.2
2,271
5.7

16,648
16,352
9,510
58.2
7,979

16,616
16,308

50,020

Females, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population .
Employed
Percent of total population . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

73,746
73,653
35,024

47.6
32,490
44. 1
2 , 53'4
7.2

74,079
73,98 4
35,5b1
48. 1

33,092
44.7
2,488
7.0

6.9

6.7

36,687
48.9
34,484

35, 362
46.7

2,295

5.7

76,782
76,670
38,562
50.3

36,361
47.4
2,201
5.7

77,129
77,009
39,192

50.9
36,983
47.9
2,209
5.6

Both sexes, 16-19 years
Total noninstitutional population!
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population .
Employed
Percent of total population . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

16,813
16,454
9,069
i>5.1
7,384
43.9
1,685
18.6

16,823
16,475
9,262
56.2
7,57 3
45.0
1,689
18.2

16,828
16,48 4
9,317

56.5
7,67 4
45. 6
1,64 3
17. 6

16,010
16,468
9,370
56.9
7,822

16,794
16,454

46.5

9,358
56.9
7,772
46.3

1,548
16.5

1,586
16.9

48.5
1,530
15.9

16,692
16,389
9,49 b
57.9
7,970
47.7
1,526
16.1

16,666
16,377

9,409
57.5
7,885
47.3
1,524
16.2

47.9
1,531
16. 1

9,403
57.7
7,876
47.4
1,526

16.2

White
Total noninstitutional populationl
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population .
Employed
Percent of total population...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

138,574

139,084 139,620 140,107 140,568 141,028 141,526 142,034 142,521 142,977 143,462 144,102 144,574
136,812 137,3 33 137,87 0 138,364 138,8 39 139,323 139,822 140,336 140,857 141,330 141,821 142,468 142,957
85,055
65,924
87,048
86,286
88,249 88,739
89,424
87,360
90,161 90,110
90,833 91,323 91,883
62.2
62. t
62.9
62. 6
63.3
63.7
62.9
64.0
63.5
63.8
64.0
64.1
64.3
79,327
80,424
81,08 1 82,093
82,635 83,665 34, 111 84,930 85,658 85,635 86,174 86,640 86,933
57.2
58. 1
59.3
59.8
57.8
58.6
58.8
59.4
60.1
59.9
60.1
60.1
60.1
5,728
5,20 5
4,584
4,494
5,500
4,955
4,725
4,628
4,503
4,476
4,683
4,660
4,950
6.7
6.4
5.7
5.4
6.0
5.2
5.0
5.2
5.0
5.0
5.1
5.1
5.4

Blaek and other
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population.
Employed
Percent of total population...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

iy,oc8
18,634
11,09 2

19,139
18,761
11,196

59.5
9,657
50.8

59.7
9,762

1,436
12.9

51.0
1,434
12.8

19,279
19,424
1 8, 89 4 19,035
11,555
11,340
60.0
60.7
S,80 0 10,030
50.6
51.6
1,540
1,525
13.6
13.2

The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variations.

50




19,557
19,164
11,773
bi.4
10,313
52.7
1,460
12.4

19,687
19,282
11,909
61.8
10,480
53.2
1,429
12.0

19,829
19,413
12,034
62.0
10,611
53.5
1,423
1 1.8

20,0 03
19,585
12,131
61.9
10,742
53.7
1,389
11.5

20,142
19,713
12,172
61.7
10,781
53.5
1,391
11.4

20,282
19,851
12,223
61.6
10,823
53.4
1,400
11.5

20,432
19,985
12,378
61.9
11,023
53.9
1,355
10.9

20,581
20,123
12,445
61.8
11,048
53.7
1,397
11.2

NOTE: Detail for the household data shown in tables A-44 through A-63 will not
necessarily add to totals, because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

20,728
20,259
12,360
61.0
10,913
52.7
1,447
11.7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-45. Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands]

1977
Full- and part-time employment
status, sex, and age

I

II

1978
IV

111

I

II

1979
III

IV

I

II

1980

III

IV

I

FULL TIME
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed

Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed 1 .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate . .
Both sexes, 16-19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

<31,y23 82 ,711 ii3,249 83,821 84,399 85,250 85,978 8o,434 87,208 87,437 87,856 88,480 88,659
7 t , 2 6 9 77,206 7 7,888 78,704 79,546 80,574 81,263 81,909 82,669 82,875 83,170 83,694 83,607
5,654
5,50 5 5,361
5,1 18 4,853
4,676
4,539
4,525
4,715
4,562
4,686
4,786
5,052
t.9
6.7
6.4
6.1
i>.8
5.5
5.5
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.4
5.3
5.7
5 2 , 0 2 : 52,179 52,221 52,4 83 52,510 52,719 52,772 53,154 53,591 53,6 77 53,951 54,136 54,414
46,o5C 47 ,083 47#357 47,896 48,155 48,598 48,761 49,212 49,633 49,087 49,769 49,824 49,615
2,432
2,293
2,687 2 ,548
2,173
2,061 2,006
1,971
1,979
1,995
2,091
2,156
2,399
5. 1
4.9
4.6
5. 4
4.1
4. 0
4.3
3. 8
3.9
3 9
4 0
4 1
4 6
29,642 30,037 30,355 30,4 53 30,809 31,146 31,664 31,782 32,089 32,359 32,681 33,044 33,319
25,60C 26,016 ^0,331 26,547 27,205 27,557 27,995 28,410 28,646 28,870 29,191 29,538 29,762
2,012
1,953
2,021 2,010
1,794
1,802
1,834
1,722
1,686
1,745
1,745
1,753
1,778
7. 1
6.9
7.2
7.3
6. 1
6.2
5.7
5.6
6.1
5.7
5.6
5.6
5.6
5,911
4,019
946
19. 1

6,001
4 ,107
947
18.7

6,034
4,200
917
17.9

6,003
4,261
871
17.0

5,933
4,187
873
17.3

6,061
4,419
821
15. 7

6,257
4,506
875
16.3

6,023
4,287
868
16.8

6,067
4,391
838
16. 0

5,962
4,318
822
16. 0

5,91C
4,209
850
16. 8

6,086
4,332
877
16. 8

5,979
4,230
875
17 1

PART TIME
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

14,222 14,421 14,414 14,740 14,709 14,918 14,816 15,064 15,097 14,944 15,419 15,245 15,538
12,718 12 ,970 13,041 13,377 13,383 13,561 13,490 13,708 13,744 13#617 14,104 13,943 14,198
1,503
1,373
1,451
1,363
1,326
1,357
1,326
1,354
1,356
1,327
1,316
1,301
1,341
10.6
9.5
10. 1
9.0
9.2
9.1
8.9
9.0
9.0
8.9
8.5
8.5
8.6

Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate . . . .

2,683
2,446
237
t>.8

2,687
2,455
232
8.6

2,707
2,511
196
7.2

2,747
2,540
208
7.6

2,734
2,537
197
7.2

2,749
2,563
187
6.8

2,685
2,503
182
6.8

2,698
2,518
180
6.7

2,671
2,502
169
6.3

2,649
2,477
172
6.5

2,763
2,577
187
6.8

2,761
2,594
167
6.0

2,923
2,738
185
6.3

Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate . .

7,545
7,433
t , 9 0 7 7,064
*C0
526
6.4
7. 1

7,492
7,036
455
b.1

7,754
7,283
471
6.1

7,694
7,277
417
5.4

7,910
7,440
471
6.0

7,836
7,382
454
5.8

7,922
7,4 44
478
6.0

fi,038
7,541
497
6.2

7,950
7,495
455
5.7

8,271
7,815
456
5.5

8,176
7,705
4 72
5.8

8,325
7,315
510
6.1

4,216
3,493
722
17. 1

4,239
3,555
b 84
16.1

4,280
3,569
712
16.6

4,258
3,558
700
16.4

4,295
3,605
689
16.1

4,444
3,746
6 93
15.7

4,388
3,701
688
1b.7

4,345
3,645
700
16.1

4,385
3,712
673
15.3

4,308
3,645
663
15.4

4,290
3,644
646
15.1

Both sexes, 16-19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

i* # 1 06
3,366
740
• 18.0

'4 ,190
3,451
73 9
17.6

1
Persons on part-time schedules for economic reasons are included in the full-time employed category; unemployed persons are allocated by whether seeking full- or part-time work.




51

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-46. Employment status by race, sex. and age, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands)

1977

1978

1979

1980

Characteristics

III

II

II

IV

17

III

IV

WHITE
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor fore*
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

85,055 85,924 86,236 87,048 87,360
18,739 89,424 90,161 90,110 90,833 91,323 91,883
79,327 80,424 b1,081 82,093 82,C35 83,o65 84,111 84,930 85,658 85,635 86,174 86,640 86,933
5,728 5,500 5,205 4,955 4,725 4,584 4,628 4,494 4,503 4,476 4,660 4,683 4,950
6.4
b.7
6.0
5.7
5.4
5.2
5.0
5.2
5.0
5.0
5.1
5.1
5.4
46,815 47,018 47,36b 47,420 47,678 47,745 48,047 48,464 48,449 48,669 48,772 49,075
44 ,577 44,974 45,420 45,547 45,941 46,036 46,383 46,794 46,783 46,875 46,971 4 7,026
2,389 2,238 2,044
1,94b
1,873 1,737
1,709
1,664
1,794
1,666
1,670
1,802 2,050
5. 1
4.8
4.3
4.1
3.9
3.6
3.6
3.5
3.7
3.4
J. 4
3.7
4.2

44,1J5

30,327 30,782 30,958 31,322 31,603 32,096 32,408 32,818 33,118 33,232 33,780 34,043 34,412
28,341 2£J,856 29,042 29,478 29,944 30,389 30,674 31,179 31,459 31,582 32,112 32,350 32,675
1,986 1 ,926 1,916
1,845
1,659
1,708
1,734
1,639
1,659
1,650 1,669 1,693 1,737
6.3
6.2
6.5
5.9
5.2
5.3
5.0
5.3
4.9
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
8,184
6,a3i
1,353
16.5

8,327
6,991
1,33o
16.0

8,310
7,064
1,246
15.0

8,359
7,155
1,164
13.9

8,336
7,144
1,193
14.3

8,474
7,335
1,139
13.4

8,587
7,401
1,180
13.8

8,560
7,369
1,191
13.9

8,579
7,404
1,174
13.7

8,430
7,270
1,160
13.8

8,384
7,187
1,197
14.3

8,507
7,319
1,188
14.0

8,396
7,231
1,164
13.9

BLACK AND OTHER
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

11,092 11 ,196 11,340 11,555 11,773 11,909 12,034 12,131 12,172 12,223 12,378 12,445 12,360
9,800 10,030 10,313 10,480 10,611 10,742 10,781 10,823 11,023 11,048 10,913
9,657 9,762
1,436 1,434
1,540
1,525
1,460
1,429
1,423
1,389
1,391
1,400
1,355
1,397 1,447
12.9
12.8
13.6
13.2
12.4
12.0
11.5
11.8
11.4
11.5
10.9
11.2
11.7

Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,482
4,935
547

Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

4,1b1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

U97
561

52




10.0

4,713
'J52

11.7

J36

37.5

9.6

4,895
587
10.7

5,019
b46
9.8

5,661
5,144
516
9.1

5,707
5,211
4*6
8.7

5,725
5,242
483
8.4

5,827
5,347
480
8.2

5,830
5,337
494
8.5

5,853
5,365
488
8,3

5,969
5,481
487
8.2

5,961
5,451
510
8.6

5,907
5,353
554
9.4

4,787
4,224
563

4,855
4,300
555

4,973
4,384
589

5,159
4,605
554
10,7

5,235
4,674
560
10.7

5,244
4,706
538
10.3

5,277
4,732
545
10. 3

5,321
4,772
548
10.3

5,394
4,852

11.8

5,089
4,539
550
10.8

5,466
4,926
540
9.9

5,434
4,899
534
9.8

1,017
626
391
J3.4

1,024
630
394
38.5

1,043
663
379
36.4

1,075
695
380
35.4

1,061
689
371
35,0

1,064
712
353
33. 1

1,050
6 86
364
34.7

1,015
689
326
32.1

1,018 1,020
671
661
34 7
359
34. 1 35.2

4,9b8
1

J27

11.6

914

570
344
37.7

1 1.4

1,003
bO5
398
39.7

541
10.0

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A - 4 7 .

M a j o r u n e m p l o y m e n t

indicators, s e a s o n a l l y

a d j u s t e d

[Unemployment rites]

1

1979

1 9 7 8

1 9 7 7
I

II

III

IV

0.2
4.5
6.0
16.9

6.0
4.2
6. 1
16.0

6.0
4. 1
6. 1
16.2

5.8
4.0
5.7
16.2

IV

II

III

7 . 2
5 . 3
7 . 0
13 2

6.9
5.0
6.9
17. 6

6.
4 .
6 .
16.

1980

11

I I I

5.8
4.0
5.7
15.9

5.8
4.0
5.7
16.1

I

IV

I

5.8
4.2
5.6
16.2

5.9
4.2
5.7
16.1

6.1
4.7
5-7
16.2

CHARACTERISTICS

Both sexes 16-19 years
White
Black and other

£ . 7
1 2 . 9

O.4
12.8

6.0
13.6

5 . 7
1 3 . 2

5.4
12.4

5.2
12.0

5.2
11.8

3.0
11.5

5.0
11.4

5.0
11.5

5.1
10.9

5.1
11.2

5.4
11.7

4 . 0
b.O
9.t>

3.6
6.7
9.2

3.4
6.4
9.7

3 . 3
6 . 2
8.9

3.0
5.5
6.2

2.8
5.5
9'. 3

2.7
5.6
8.6

2.5
5.4
7.7

2.6
5.3
8.2

2.6
5.2
8.6

2.9
5.0
7.9

2.9
5.0
8.4

3.3
5.3
8.8

6.7
10. 1

6.4
9.5

6. 1
9 . 2

5.8
9.0

5.5
9.1

5.5
8.9

8.0

7.6

7.4

7.2

6.7

6.5

6.6

5.2
9.0
1.2
6.2

5.2
9.0
1.2
6.2

5.2
8.9
1.2
6.3

5.3
8.5
1. 1
6.3

5.4
8.5
1.2
6.4

5.7
8.6
1.3
6.7

4 . 6
3. 2
3 . 0
5 . 0
6.3
3. 7
6.2
9 . 9
7 . 4
1 3 . 0
0 . 4
5 . 2

4. 3
3. 2
2.9
5. 3
5.8
0.1
5.6
9.4
6.5
12.4
8. 5
4.8

2.9
2 . 5
5. 1
5.7
7.9
5.4
9 . 5
6 . 4
1 1 . 5
8. 0
4 . 3

4. 1
2 . 8
2 . 7
4 . 9
5.6
7.4
5. 1
9 . 0
5.tt
11. 1
7 . 8
4 . 2

3.6
2.7
2.2
4.2
4.9
7.2
5.0
8.4
5.3
11.5

3.6
2.6
2.0
4.3
5.2
6.7
4.5
9.1
5.3
9.8

2.5
2.1
4.2
5.0
6.8
4.5
8.2
5.3
10.3

2.7
2.0
3.7
4.5
6.6
4.4
7.6
4.9
10.9

2.4
2.0
4. 1
4.7
6.5
4.5
7.8
5.1
9.8

2.3
2.2
4.1
4.5
6.8
4.3
8. 1
5.6
10.8

2.5
2.2
3.8
4.6
7.1
4.5
8.7
5.8
11.1

2.4
2.0
3-8
4.6
7.3
4.6
9.0
5.3
11.7

2.3
2.2
4.3
4.7
7.9
5.0
9.4
6.7
12.4

4.2

3.4

3.7

3.8

3.2

3.4

4.0

.4.4

4.1

7 . 5
1 4 . 3
7.2
6. b
7.7
5 . 0
a.5
6 . 3
4 . 3
1 2 . 8

7.1
13.0
0.6
6.0
7.5
4.5
8.1
6.2
4. 1
11.9

6. 6
1 1 . 7
6.7
6. 1
7.5
4, 7
7. 9
5 . 7
4. 1
9. 9

6.2
1.0
b.7
5.2
6.5

5.9
9.9
5.6
4.9
6.5

5.9
10.4
5.4
5.0
6.0

5.7
1 1.0
5.1
4.5
6.0

5.6
10.4
5.1
4.4
6.1

5.7
10.2
5.4
4.7
6.5

7.2
5.3
3.8
9.6

6.8
5.1
4. 0
8.1

6.7
5.2

6.7
4.9

6.5
4.9

6.5
4.8

5.9
9.9
5.9
5.4
6.7
3.8
6.4
4.9

8.7

8.5

8.0

8.6

9.8

5.9
10.1
5.9
5.5
6.5
4.0
6.4
4.7
3.8
9.8

6.1
11.4
6.5
6.4
6.7
4.2
6.4
4.7
4.0
9.9

Women who head families

5
7
2
6

6
7
7
i>

7 .
5 .
7.
10

Total (all civilian workers)

6 . 9
1 0 . 6
Labor force time lost'

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Sales workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives except transport
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

;...

.

.

ii

1

INDUSTRY

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

•

1

Unemployment as a percent of civilian labor force.

2

Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part-time for economic reasons




6 . 5
11. 1
6.2
5.7
6.9
7 .
5 .
4.
9.

5
7
2
8

1

; a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
3

Includes mining, not shown separately.

53

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-48. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]

1977

1978

1979

1980

WMks of unemployment

II

III

II

II

III

III

IV

DURATION
Both sexes, 16 years and over:
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

2,900
2, 166
2,107
932
1,175

Average (mean duration, in weeks . .
Median duration, in weeks

2,749

2,940 2,803 2,757
2,056 2,096 2,001
1,902
1,844
1,735
916
845
860
92 8
1 ,057
876

715

2,779
1,871
1,396
740
655

1,895

1,542
828

2,858
1,865
1,284
6 64

2,786
1,854
1,238

620

709
529

2,766
1,873
1,253
712
541

2,86 0

2,922

2,930

1,870
1,196
683
513

1,902
1,135
639
496

1,933
1,205
683
522

3,058
2,052
1,328
787
541

14.6
7.3

14.5
7.1

14.0
7.0

13.7
6.9

12.7
b.4

12.2
5.9

11.6
5.9

11.2
5.6

11.4
5.8

10.8
5.5

10.5
5.6

10.5
5.4

10.8
5.6

100.0
40.4
30. 2
29.4
13.0
1b.4

100.0
42.6
29.8
27.6
12.3
15.3

100.0
41.6
31. 1
27.3
13.6
13.8

100.0
42.5
30.8
26.7
13.2
13.5

100.0
44.4
30.6
24.9
13.4
11.6

100.0
46.0
30.9
23. 1
12.2
10.8

100.0
47. b
31.1
21.4
11. 1
10.3

100.0
47.4
31.5
21.1
12.1
9.0

100.0
47.0
31.8
21.3
12.1
9.2

100.0
48.3
31.6
20.2
11.5
8.7

100.0
49.0
31.9
19.0
10.7
8.3

100.0
48.3
31.9
19.9
11.3
8.6

100.0
47.5
31.9
20.6
12.2
8.4

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-49. Rates of unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
1977

1978

1979

1980

Sex and age

II

Total, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Males, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Females, 16 years and ov
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years arid over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

......

54




III

III

IV

II

III

IV

7.5

7.2

6.9

6.6

6.2

6.0

6.0

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.9

6.1

18.6
20.9
17.0

17.6
19.9
15.9
10.9
4.8
5.0
3.9

16.5
18.5
15.1

10.2
4.6

16.0
18.7
14.1
9.5
4. 1
4.3
3.2

16.2
19.5
13.7
9.4
4.0
4.3
3.1

16.2
19.3
13.9
8.9
3.9
4.1
2.9

15.9
18.5
13.9
8.7
3.9
4.1
3.0

16.1
18.4
14.6
8.8
3.9
4.1
3.1

16.1
17.9
14.8

4.8
4. 0

16.9
19.8
14.9
10.3
4.1
4.3
3.3

16.2
17.5
15.2

5.4
4.4

18.2
20.5
16.7
11.0
5.0
5.2
4. 1

3.9
4.1
3.1

9.4
3.9
4.2
2.8

16.2
18.4
14.6
9.8
4.2
4.5
3.0

b.7

6.4

6. 1

5.7

5.5

5.1

5. 1

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.1

5.2

5.6

20.2
16.7
11.4
4.o
4.7
4.3

17.7
20.2
16.1
10.9
4.3
4.4
3.7

17.4
20.2
15. 1
10.8
4.0
4. 1
3.6

15.9
17.5
14.5

15.1
18.4
12.9
8.7
3.4
3.4
3.2

15.4
18.9
12.6
8.8
3.3
3.4
3.0

16.2
19.9
13.2
8.6
3.2
3.3
2.7

16.0
19.1
13.8
8.2
3.2
3.3
2.8

15.5
17.9
14.0
8.2
3.2
3.3
3.0

15.9
16.9
15.1
8.8
3.3
3.5
3.1

15.7
17.6
14.0
9.1
3.4
3.6
2.7

15.5
17.6
14.0
10.2
3.7

3.8

16.J
19.5
13.9
10.1
3.5
3.5
3.2

0.5

8.3

8. 1

7.8

7.2

7.2

7.3

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.7

6.8

6.8

19.2
21.7
17.3
11.7
6.2
6.6
4.6

10.8

17.9
19.5
16.8
10.9
6.0
6.3
4.5

17.3 17.8
19.7 20.1
15.7 16.1
10.9 10.4
5.8
5.0
6. 1
b.4
4.3
3.5

16.9
18.9
15.5
10.5
5.1
5.6
3.2

17. 1
20.2
14.9
10. 1
5.2
5.6
3.3

16.2
18. 7
14.7
9.3

15.7
17.8
13.9'

16.7
18.9
15.2
9.6

16.5
16.2
15.3
9.6
4.7
5.1
3.1

16.5
18.2
15.5
9.7
4.8
5.1
3. 1

17.0
19.3
15.3
9.3
4.9
5.4
3.1

20.9
17.4
11. 1
6.1
6.5
4.6

9.7
3.9
3.9

4.9
5.2
3.3

9.3
4.9
5.3
3.4

4.9
5.3
3.2

9.2

3.9
2.9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-50. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]

1977

1976

1980

1979

Reason for unemployment

IV

III

IX

1

I

II

III

I

IV

IV

III

II

I

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Both sexes, 18 years and over:

3,328
9 14
2,415
904
1,975

Job losers
On layoff .
Other job losers
Job leavers

3,094

947

975

3,056
85 8
2,198
862
1,869
95 7

100.0
46.5
12.8
33.7
12.6
27.6
13.2

100.0
44.5
12.0
32.5
13.1
28.4
14.0

100.0
45.3
12.7
32.6
12.8
27.7
14.2

100.0
43.8
11.9
32.0
13.7
29.0
13.5

100.0
42.1
11.5
30.6
13.9
29.5
14.4

100.0
42.1
11.0
31.1
14.1
29.5
14.3

3.5
.9
2. 1
1.0

3.2
.9
2.0
1.0

3.1
.9
1.9
1.0

2.9
.9
1.9
.9

2.6
.9
1.8
•9

2.5
.8
1.8
.9

New entrants

037

2,256
906
1 ,975

2,842

2,612

2,534

2,452

2,413

2,458

2,442

2,613

2,729

770

713

ooO

693

707

774

793

856

953

2,072
890
1,880

1,899
865
1,834

1,374
84 7
1,775

1,759
848
1,847

1,705
851
1,795

1,684
864
1,751

1,648
881
1,766

1,757
849
1,770

1,776
827
1,744

873

895

862

869

843

830

802

757

799

2,981
1,060
1,921
793
1,795
814

100.0
40.9
12.0
28.9
14.4
30.4
14.3

100.0
41.6
13. 1
28.5
14.6
29.7
14. 1

100.0
41.4
13.5
28.0
15.0
30.0
13.6

100.0
43.6
14.3
29.3
14.2
29.6
12.6

100.0
44.8
15.6
29.1
13.6
28.6
13.1

100.0
46.7
16.6
30.1
12.4
28.1
12.0

2.4
.8
1.8
.8

2.4
.8
1.7
.8

2.4
.9
1.7
.8

2.5
.8
1.7
.7

2.6
.8
1.7
.8

2.9
.8
1.7
.8

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

. . . .
•

...

100.0
40.8
11.5
29.2
14. 1
30.7
14.4

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

A-51.

.

2.4
.8
1.8
.9

.

Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

1977

1978

1979

1980

Sex and age

II

Total, 16 years
and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over...
Males, 16 years
and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
26 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

III

IV

III

III

IV

90,188

90,91.3

92,108

92,954

94,145

94,734

95,653

96,425

96,467

97,231

97,665

97,804

7,304
2,970
4,419
12,633
68,960
55,424
13,5J7

7,573
3,041
4,518
12,763
69,8L>9
56, 131
13,720

7,67 4
3,116
4,555
12,927
70,307
56,59 1
13,714

7,822
3,210
4,613
13,089
7 1,191
57,262
13,939

7,772
3,159
4,612
13,177
71,997
58,023
13,965

6,010
3,294
4,705
13,471
72,674
56,506
14,163

3,090
3,326
4,773
13,584
73,057
58,906
14,161

8,054
3,297
4,762
13,752
73,844
59,599
14,249

8,106
3,334
4,777
13,900
74,416
60,043
14,372

7,970
3,246
4,709
13,888
74,624
60,325
14,286

7,885
3,208
4,671
13,903
75,447
61,092
14,361

7,979
3,295
4,695
13,877
75,803
61,423
14,378

7,876
3,184
4,703
13,805
76,129
61,778
14,361

53,086

53,643

54,005

54,716

5 4,922

55,421

55,603

56,010

56,417

56,381

56,564

56,648

56,606

4,121

4,127
1,715
2,418
7,062
<t2,B2G
34,26 9
8,53 9

4,271
1,799
2,469
7,149
43,28J
34,6.32
8,655

4,224
1,751
2,472
7,158
43,540
34,895
8,641

4,287
1,778
2,504
7,344
43,788
35,059
8,743

4,274
4,320
1,748
1,789
2,544
2,530
7,359
7,449
43,934 44,273
35, 192 35,455
8,732
8,815

4,288
1,782
2,504
7,537
44,598
35,745
8,859

4,245
1,758
2,477
7,547
44,586
35,826
8,772

4,201
1,738
2,461
7,533
44,845
36,011
8,821

4,216
1,765
2,456
7,521
44,895
36,109
8,778

4,236
1,756
2,487
7,457
44,929
36,111
8,823

36,908

3 7,392

38,032

3 8,724

39,132

39,643

40,008

40,086

40,667

41,017

41,198

3,547
1,401
2,137
5,865
27,487
22,322
5,174

3,551
1,411
2,144
5,940
27,909
22,630
5,284

3,548
1,408
2,140
6,019
20,458
23,128
5,324

3,722
1,516
2,201
6, 127
28,885
23,447
5,421

3,770
1,537
2,229
6,225
29,123
23,714
5,429

3,780
1,549
2,232
6,303
29,571
24,145
5,434

3,818
1,552
2,273
6,363
29,818
24,298
5,513

3,725
1,489
2,231
6,340
30,038
24,499
5,514

3,684
1,470
2,210
6,370
30,602
25,081
5,540

3,763
1,530
2,239
6,357
30,907
25,314
5,600

3,640
1,428
2,216
6,347
31,200
25,667
5,538

1,620
2,365
J3,714
8,431

2,426
6,953
42,571
' 8,'536
36,545




II

8B,!>74

Females, 16 years
and over
16 to 19 years
'
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 y e a r s . . . . : . . .
20 to 24 years..
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over...

IV

3,39 8
1,351
2,054
5,o77
26,-813

21,710
5, 100

3 , 452
357
2, 0 9 2

27* 2 8 8
2 2 , 089
Id4

55

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-52

Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

1977

1978

1979

1980

Selected categories

III

II

IV

II

III

IV

CHARACTERISTICS
Total, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present

88,974 90,188 0,913 92,108 92,954 94,145 94,734 95,653 96,425 96,467 97,231 97,665 97,804
38,189 38,463 38,377 38,562 38,527 38,625 38,666 38,938 39,208 39,011 39,185 38,964 38,817
20,687 20,933 20,987 2 1,291 21,585 21,760 2 1,921 22,250 22,500 22,529 22,905 22,962 23,164

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators,
except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment
operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

44,757 45,319 46,227 46,534 46,957 47,382 4 7 ,,951 48,712 49, 130 49, 672 49,854 50,354
13,449 13,508 13,788 14,035 14,019 14,, 212
,255 14 509 14,899 15,r 067 15, 089 15,153 15,393
9,509
5,681
15,807
29,736
11,652
10,300

9,515
5,705
16,029
30,204
11,864
10,383

9,681
5,756
16,094
30,293
11,913
10,341

9,941
5,767
16,484
30,605
12,095
10,404

10,085
5,871
16,558
30,934
12,138
10,649

10,100
5,90b
16,740
31,5t»7
12,307
10,938

10, 123
5,960
17,044
31,583
12,462
10,872

10,114
6,061
17,267
32,031
12,631
11,043

10,361
6,064
17,388
32,169
12,832
10,950

10,453
6,096
17,514
31,867
12,822
10,776

10,656 10,597
6,163 6,323
17,764 17,780
32,036 32,206
12,877 12,989
1 C, 919 10,991

10,778
6,250
17,933
31,769
12,770
10,639

3,487 3,492 3,506 3,526 3,519 3,508 3,613 3,607 3,604 3,616 3,619 3,582
4,365 4,471 4,547 4,600 4,620 4,803 4,740 4,744 4,779 4,664 4,625 4,607 4,779
12, 104 12,397 12,509 12,547 12,706 12,847 12,854 12,947 12,823 12,828 12,749 12,935 13,013
2,692 2,835 2,711 2,771 2,807 2,786 2,818 2,773 2,761 2,655 2,702 2,702 2,719
3,419

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,288
1,535
344

1,324
1 ,610
377

1,322
1,553
315

1,382
1,573
340

1,389
1,588
342

79,453
14,993
64,461
1,357
63,104
5,844
403

80,413
15,050
65,363
1 ,358
64 ,005
5,982
506

81,118
15,211
65,907
1,394
64,513
6,065
503

82,204
15,346
66,859
1,389
65,470
6,135
474

82,917
15,274
67,643
1,372
66,271
6,269
476

1,424
1,617
296
84,
15,
68,
1,
67,
6,

041
283
759
400
359
312
482

1,428
1,621
320

1,426
1,596
309

1,409
1,568
314

1,409
1,537
288

84,561
15,265
69,295
1,365
67,930
6,241
466

85,459
15,317
70,142
1,313
66,829
6,404
463

86,220
15,285
70,935
1,279
69,656
6,543
459

86,215
15,431
70,784
1,201
69,584
6,567
466

1,401
1,605
309
86,
15,
71,
1,
69,
6,

1,436
1,607
311

1,431
1,601
292

596 87 ,129 87,406
3 6 0 15 ,393 15,525
2 3 6 71 .736 71,881
1 ,233
248
1,142
988 70 ,503 70,739
724
6,826
6 ,777
473
384
4 19

PERSONS AT WORK 1
Nonagricultural industries
Fulltime schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Usually work full time
Usually work part time
Part time for noneconomic
reasons

1

30,680 81 ,480 82,450 83,339 83,994 8 5 , 813 86,068 86,833 87,637 87,381 88,782 88,812 89,008
66,120 66,919 67,654 68,344 69,155 7 0, 473 70,938 71,596 72,306 72,133 73,042 73,113 73,027
3,365 3 , 2 3 9 3,31
3,266 3,167 3 , 2 7 9 3,257 3,159 3,197 3,282 3,246 3,409 3,446
1,277
1,251
1,253
1,243
1,192
1,298
1,228
1,251
1, 272
1,294
1,336
1,419
1,464
2,089 1 ,989 2,062 2,0 23
1,975
2, 007
1,958
1,931
1,988
1,910
1,946
1,989
1,982
11,194 11,322 11,481 11,729 1 1,671 12,062 1 1,874 12,078 12,134 11,966 12,494 12,290 12,535

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons

as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

56




HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-53. Job desire of persons not in labor force by current activity, reasons for not seeking work, sex, and race,
seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]

1977

1978

1980

1979

Characteristic

III

IV

II

III

II

TOTAL
Both sexes, 16 years and over:
Total not in labor force

59,294

5*3,959 59,126 58,815 58,868 58,432 58,458 58,384 58,255 58,824 58,568 5 8 , 8 4 2 59 # 022

5 3 , 6 8 1 53,170 5.3,398 53,125 53,568 53,169 52,928

Do not want job now
Current activity:
Going t o school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get job
Job-market factors
Personal factors
Other reasons1

53,068 53,238 53,666 52,955 53,563 53,585

,173
6,159 6,214 6,200 6,261 6,227 6,007 5,969 5,944 5,976 5,974 6,003 6,036
,712
4,50 9 4,56 7 4,395 4,505 4,573 4,42 4 4,629 4,563 4,542 4,480 4 , 5 4 0 4,680
, 6 0 3 30 ,098 30,123 30,113 29,711 29,647 29,422 29,296 29,303 29,215 28,723 28,736 28,199
,721
9,051 9,045 9,036 9,408 9,196 9,400 9,466 9,583 9,979 9,978 10,206 10,638
3,683
3,526 3,675 3,708 3,845 3,954 3,799 4,078 4,031
,472
3,353 3,449 3,381
,535
5 ,759 5,818 5,570 5,4 34 5,289 5,386 5,261 5,246 5,190 5,527 5,287 5,583

,519
oufa
, 225
96 5
6 77
289
,140

1 ,513 1,587
783
808
1 ,278 1,273
1 ,058 1,030
740
713
318
317
1 ,127 1,115

1,514
746
1,222
977
635
341
1, 111

1,415
b99
1,226
925
645
2<11
1 , 169

1,312
754
1,236
836
537
3 00
1, 150

1,455
703
1,227
851
612
239
1,151

1,351
722
1,219
772
491
281
1,197

1,348
750
1,227
740
495
245
1, 181

1,378
708
1,220
807
507
300
1,078

1,564
772
1,266
731
531
200
1,194

1 # 493
751
1,238
741

459
282
1,064

1,443
789
1,344
993
610
384
1,013

Moles
Total not in labor force

16,b68

Do not want job now

16 ,503 16,642 16,414 16,587 16,586 16,742 16,675 16,588 16,956 16,948 17,211 17,286

14,811 14 ,662 14,808 14,658
1,673
1,779 1,806 1,703

Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get job
Other reasons1

762
29 8
290
323

786
332
311
350

76 0
34 3
350
353

746
321
323
314

14,885 14,889 15,050 14,952 15,012 15,395 15 # 177 15,485 15,594
1,738
1,647 1,700 1,676
1,725
1,679 1,537 1,826
1,742
710
315
340
377

649
336
300
362

72 7
326
287
359

697
327
294
358

666
362
294
358

686
276
256
319

815
355
28 6
370

739
337
285
364

684
336
377
341

Females

4 2 , 7 2 5 42 ,456 42,483 42,401 4 2, 28 1 41,846 41,716 41,709 41,66 7 41,868 41,620 41,632 41,735

Total not in labor force

3 8 , 0 7 C 38,508 38,590 38,467 38,683 38,280 37,878 38,115 38,226 38,271 37,778 38,078 37,991
3,862
3,980 4,012 3,867 3,691 3,642 3,686 3,584 3,566 3,653 3 # 701 3,562 3,845

Do not want job now
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get job

757
387
1,22 5
t>75
817

727
82 7
451
46 6
1 ,278 1,278
747
680
777
76 2

769
426
1,222
b54
797

704
384
1,226
585
792

6 64
418
1,236
536
789

727
376
1,227
564
792

655
395
1,219
478
839

682
389
1,227
446
823

692
432
1,220
551
759

749
417
1,266
445
824

753
414
1,238
456
700

759
453
1,344
616
673

Other reasons
White

51,757
Total not in labor force
Do not want job now
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get job
Other reasons

51 ,409 51,584 51,316 51,479 51,074 51,083 50,912 50,696 51,220 50,988 51,145 51,074

...

4 7 , 3 9 0 47,0d1 47,309 46,945 47,419 4 7,160 46,913 46,854 46,850 47,276 4 6,84 5 46,983 46,858
4, 267 4,325 4,271 4,298 4,154 3,977 4,256 3,911 3,991 3,9 19 4,274 4,014 4,284
1,179
52 0
978
092
896

1 ,095
630
976
725
899

1,092
571
95 8
717
93 3

1,109
559
979
720
932

1,038
500
959
660
998

7,542

7,565

7,554

7,480

7,391

7,3 73

7,379

7*454

6,121
1,311

6,098
1,368

6,076
1,584

6,241
1,245

6,071
1,331

6,075
1,265

6, 137
1,222

346
182
270
291
222

403
157
284
301
223

510
223
337
316
197

401
190
236
2 49
169

383
216
275
287
171

334
218
260
255
198

319
170
282
274
178

961 1,202
536
518
962
961
569.
585
991
949

989
518
904
537
962

966
505
944
564
939

1,222
529
980
54 1
1,002

1, 124
521
968
540
861

1,035
566
1,120
694
869

7,541

7,628

7,607

7,678

7,899

6,149
1,317

6,244
1,287

6,372
1,193

6,305
1,345

6,451
1,23 6

6,556
1,352

357
204
309
232
216

370
230
278
221
187

390
189
261
218
135

401
219
315
200
211

367
234
262
191
181

414
243
232
313
149

9 85.
541
952
527
986

Black and other
Total not in labor force
Do not want job now
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get job
Other reasons
1

Includes small number of men not looking for work because of "home responsiblities."




57

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-54. job desire of persons not in labor force and reasons for not seeking work by age and sex
Age in years
Tfttal

I otai

Reasons for not seeking work

20-24

16-19

60 and over

25 59

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

1979

1980

1979

1980

1979

1980

1979

1980

1979

1980

*59,310
53,901

59,950
54,227

7,562
6,161

7,698
6,097

4,693
3,854

4,827
3,864

22,077
19,529

21,614
19,032

7,567
4,519
29,134
9,561
3,120

7,678
4,638
28,038
10,610
3,263

5,296

5,258

1,669

1,758

578

639

28
456

32
447

111

101

1,678

1,573

2,206
14,861

2,247
14^039

—
432

246

360

2
394

176

381

1,708

1,861

637

609

5,399

5,724

1,401

1,601

839

963

2,545

2,579

612

578

1,597

1,698

1,117

1,241

765

796

1,167

1,272

724
485
239

32
110
132
65
66
86

299
49
225
94
62
31
172

279
79
284
141
100
42
180

176
498
840
383
299
84
648

177
520
831
496
349
149
555

4
194
36
178
82

1,146

967
592
375
990

24
64
69
41
29
127

200

—
165
46
198
79
118
169

i7,405

17,996

3,511

3,563

1,461

1,468

3,165

3,324

9,268

9,640

15,603

16,158

2,823

2,828

1,203

1,201

2,648

2,764

8,928

9,367

3,835
2,514

3,856
2,465

2,582

2,627

7,221
1,750

7,685
1,831

12
14
—
215

15
6
—
180

969
55
5
2
172

926
40
7
—
228

1,791

1,837

687

734

256

267

797
370
286
338

812
336
364
325

580
12
41
54

615
10
73
36

151
18
45
42

41,905
38,298

41,955
38,068

4,051
3,340

4,135
3,267

3,733
2,004
28,850
2,341
1,370
3,606

3,823
2,172
27,717
2,924
1,432
3,886

2,715

2,629

15
443

16
441

167
711

799
395

886
460

626
23

1,167

1,272

438
807

603
665

536
12
64
28
71

TOTAL
Total not in labor force . . .
Do not want a job now . .
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill disabled
Keeping house
Retired .
Other . . .
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot (jet job
Job-market factors
Personal factors
OthtM' reasons''

...

r

24,979
24,356

25,811
25,234

25
23 |
2,256
2,175
12^138 ! 11,980
10,364
9,383

95

Males
r

Total not in labor force .
Do not want a job now .
Current activity:
Going to school .
Ill, disabled
Keeping house .
Retired .
Other

283

Want a job now
....
Reason not looking:
School attendance .
Ill health, disability . . . .
Think cannot get job . . .
Other reasons '

321

r

274

289

10

14

1,255

1,207

1,190

1,204

87
199
982

189

222

7,073

7,486

466

441

515

559

330

275

134
35
37
61

61
217
113
124

63
221
145
130

4
124
86
116

—
70
108
97

3,232
2,651

3,359
2,662

18,912
16,883

18,290
16,270

15,711
15,428

16,171
15,870

700
54

831
61

305
951

352

13
985

1,674

1,566

14,786

1,041
13,952

181

223

—
204

31
810

46
879

868

580

696

2,030

148
31
225
47
129

145
44
284
105
118

116
281
840
270
523

76
146
897

Females
Total not in labor force

....

Do not want a job now .
Current activity:
Going to school . . . .
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other .
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill hfaith disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get job
Other reasons
1

.

..

...

Includes small number of men not looking for work because of "home responsibilities."

NOTE: Detail in tables A-54, A-55, and A-57 may not add to not-in-labor-force totals
because of differences in the weighting patterns used in aggregating these data.

58




no
59
50

r-revised.

11

11,950
2,309

1,054
11,759
2,878

2,018

282

300

113
300
831
350
424

——

——

70
36
93
83

94
46
89
71

171

168

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-55. Job desire of persons not in labor force and reasons for not seeking work by age, race, and sex
[In thousands]

Age in years

Sex

Tot"1
Reasons for not seeking work

25-59

16-24

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I

I

1980

1979

198C

Females

Males

60 and over

979

1980

1979

1980

1979

1980

WHITE
Total not in labor force .
Do not want a job now .
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other

51 ,603 51 ,896

9 ,794

9 ,918

19 ,208

18,68S

1
il

,601

23,290

14 ,832

15 ,232

36 ,772

36 ,664

47 ,505 47 ,513

8 ,201

8 ,056

17 ,227

16,644

22 ,075

22,812

13 ,448

13 ,850

34 ,057

33 ,663

6 ,134 6 ,122
3 ,661 3 ,646
26 ,481 25 ,478

5,601
101
1,717

449

20

1,843
11 ,162
8 ,464
583

1,825
11,117
9,331

637

1,701
13 ,514
167
1,396

503
1,720
12,642
223
1,556

23

',712

5 ,662
117
1,805
2
615

4 ,098

4 ,383

1,593

1,864

1,979

2,043

527

479

3,103
2 ,051
226
6 ,587
,481
1
1,383

3 ,104
1,984
254
6 ,995
,513
1
1,382

3 ,031
1 ,610
26 ,255
2 ,048
1,113
2 ,715

3 ,019
1 ,662
25 ,224
2 ,559
1,199
3 ,001

1,168
552
886
540
952

1,221
571
1,040
709
842

1 ,042
43
191
99
218

1,103
76
302
160
223

121
357
666
287
548

118
371
705
383
466

4
153
29
155
186

124
33
166
156

585
292
—
216
290

598
245
—
263
276

583
260
886
324
662

623
326
1,040
446
566

7 ,707

8 ,054

2 ,461

2,608

2 ,868

2,926

2 ,378

2,521

2 ,573

2 ,763

5 ,133

5 ,291

6 ,396

6 ,713

1 ,814

1 ,902

2 ,296

2,387

2,282

2,424

2 ,154

2 ,308

4 ,242

4 ,405

1,433
857
2 ,653
927
526
1,299

1,556
990
2 ,560
1,056
551
1,341

1,304
20
329

1 ,416
31
301

128
501

5
432
863
1,034

154
704

90
98

731
463
57
634
269
408

752
480
67
691
318
456

804
510

161
647

332
976
920
54
83

702
394

1,348
7
312
572

136
527
1,395
22
307
541

2 ,596
293
257
891

2 ,493
365
233
885

429
213
281
183
193

477
226
232
258
148

373
32
99
64
79

417
36
93
112
46

57
142
175
97
101

60
149
127
113
92

41
7
22
13

40
13
33
12

213
78
—
69
48

214
92
—
101
49

216
135
281
114
145

263
134
232
157
99

8 635

J594

Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get job
Other reasons

I

554

519

BLACK AND OTHER
Total not in labor force .
Do not want a job now .
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other

....

Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance . . .
Ill health, disability . .
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get job .
Other reasons

1

Small number of men not looking for work because of "home responsibilities" are included in "other reasons."

r

r=revised.

A-56. Persons not in labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by age, race , sex, and
detailed reason
[In thousands]

1st Quarter 1980
Detailed reason for not seeking work

Total
20-24

25-59

60 and
over

Black and
White

other

TOTAL
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find job
Thinks no job available

158
117
100

30
25
11

20
22

17
70
62

111
2
5

121
78
85

38
38
15

311
281

34
31

81
19

175
174

22
57

192
232

119
49

76
26
44

20
11
6

1
12
26

55

5

61
18
39

15
8
5

126
93

22
13

17
13

72
34

15
34

77
68

49
24

83
90
56

9
13
5

16
16

17
58
34

57
2

60
60
46

23
30
10

186
188

12
18

64
8

101
140

7
23

115
164

70
25

Males
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find job
Thinks no job available
Females
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find job
Thinks no job available




59

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-57. Most recent work experience of persons not in labor force and reason for leaving last job for those
who worked during previous 12 months by age, race, and sex
[Numbers in thousands]
Age in years
Total

Most recent work experience and
reason for leaving job

Total, not in labor force
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Left job during previous 12 months
Percent distribution by reason
School, home responsibilities
Ill health, disability
Retirement, old age
Economic reasons
End of seasonal job
Slack work
End of temporary job
All other reasons
Males, not in labor force
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Left job during previous 12 months
Percent distribution by reason
School, home responsibilities
Ill health, disability
Retirement, old age
Economic reasons
End of seasonal job
Slack work
End of temporary job
All other reasons

25 59

1979

19180

1979

1980

1979

59,310
9,343
28,935
10,358
10,661
100.0
47.0
7.6
7.4
19.3
9.3
4.8
5.2
18.8
17,405
2,179
7,449
3,493
4,272
100.0
41.8
9.3
12.6
19.4
10.8
4.0
4.5
16.9

59,950
9,369
29,413
10,236
10,930
100.0
46.4
8.0
7.5
20.8
9.1
6.2
5.5
17.4

12,255
4,716
293

12,525
4,758
327
1,746
5,694
100.0
62.5
1.8
18.1
9.9
3.8
4.4
17.7

22,077
2,149
11,221
5,007
3,700
100.0
39.2
14.2
2.8
21.1
8.3
7.2
5.6
22.7

17,996
2,213
8,036
3,459
4,287
100.0
40.9
8.8
13.1
21.4
11.0
5.9
4.5
15.7

4,972
1,925
43
363
2,640
100.0
61.4
1.6

41,905 41,955
7,157
7,164
21,486 21,377
6,777
6,865
6,643
6,389
100.0
100.0
49.9
50.5
7.4
6.4
3.8
3.8
20.4
19.2
7.9
8.3
6.4
5.3
6.1
5.6
18.5
20.1

Females, not in labor force
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Left job during previous 12 months
Percent distribution by reason
School, home responsibilities
Ill health, disability
Retirement, old age
Economic reasons
End of seasonal job
Slack work
End of temporary job
All other reasons

Stack and
other

White
16-24

1,684
5,560
100.0
63.1
1.7

17.1
9.6
3.2
4.3
18.2

5,031 3,165
213
1,982
51 1,186
417
993
2,580
772
100.0 100.0
62.0
19.4
1.4
31.5

19.1
11.2
3.2
4.7
17.9
7,283
2,791
252
1,320
2,921
100.0
64.6
1.7

20.0
11.6
3.8
4.6
16.6

8.8
18.7
8.9
7.1
2.6
21.6

7,494 18,912
2,776 1,936
278 10,034
1,329 4,013
3,113 2,928
100.0 100.0
44.4
62.9
9.6
2.0
1.2
16*6
21.9
8.5
8.1
3.9
7.3
4.2
6.5
18.6
22.9

15.3
8.3
3.1
3.9
18.4

18,290
1,873
9,612
3,859
2,945

100.0
43.9
11.1
1.3
23.7
7.1
9.5
7.1
19.9

1980

1979

1980

1979

1980

25,811
2,564
18,119
3,702
1,427
100.0
5.8
16.5
47.0
22.4
104.6
7.5
8.3

51,603
7,462
25,777
9,052
9,312
100.0
47.9
7.1
7.7
18.7
8.8
4.8
5.1
18.6

51,896
7,398
26,096
8,925
9,477
100.0
47.5
7.4
7.8
20.5
8.7
6.1
5.7
16.8

7,707
1,882
3,159
1,307
1,349
100.0
40.4
11.2
4.7
23.2
12.7
4.8
5.7
20.5

8,054
1,971
3,317
1,311
1,454
100.0
39.2
11.8
5.2
22.4
11
6.7
4.3
21.4

9,640
55
6,629
2,113
843
100.0
2.4
15.9
53.9
21.7
11.6
5.1
5.0
6.0

14,832
1,573
6,484
3,064
3,710
100.0
43.6
9.0
13.1
17.7
9.7
3.6
4.4

15,232
1,548
7,011
2,996
3,678
100.0
41.6
8.9
13
20.9
10.5
5.7
4.7
14.9

2,573
606
966
429
562
100.0
29.7
11.4
9.4
30.9
18.1
6.9
5.9
18.7

2,763
665
1,025
463
610
100.0
36.9
8.5
9.7
24.8
13.8
7.4
3.6
20.2

16,171 36,772 36,664
5,889
5,850
2,509
11,489 19,293 19,085
5,988 5,929
1,589
5,799
584
5,602
100.0
100.0
100.0
50.8
51.2
10.6
5.8
6.4
17.6
4.1
37.1
4.2
20.3
23.4
19.4
7.6
8.2
8.2
6.4
4.1
5.6
6.3
5.6
11.1
19.8
11.3
18.0

5,133
1,276
2,193
878
787
100.0
48.1
11.1
1.4
17.7
8.8
3.3
5.6
21.8

5,291
1,306
2,292
848
844
100.0
40.9
14.1
2.0
20.6

1979

1980

21,614 24,979
2,048
2,478
10,968 17,421
3,667
4,789
1,402
3,808
100.0
100.0
4.0
37.5
13.5
14.1
48.5
3.8
23.0
24.2
10.6
7.5
4.8
10.4
7.6
6.4
11.0
20.5
3,324 9,268
40
175
1,355 6,221
928 2,136
861
863
100.0 100.0
1.6
15.5
13.0
24.1
54.7
12.5
21.1
25.5
11.4
8.6
3.7
13.2
6.0
3.7
9.5
22.6
15,711
2,438
11,200
1,531
541
100.0
7.8
14.4
38.8
25.7
9.2
6.5
10.0
13.3

16.6

9.6
6.2
4.9
22.3

A-58. Work-seeking intentions of persons not in labor force and work history of those who intend
toseetc work within next 12 months by age, race, and sex
[In thousands]
Age in years

Black and
other

Total
16-24

Work-seeking intentions and work history

I
1979

I
1980

48,712
10,586
1,891
1,135
2,053
5,507

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

6,102
6,423
1,616
55
840
3,911

18,394
3,681
137
923
1,135
1,486

18,159
3,453
112
887
1,012
1,445

24,317
651
5
148
234
263

25,162
649
11
164
228
247

2,032
2,939
738
9
197
1,997

2,076
2,954
723
13
272
1,947

2,459
707
26
77
206
397

2,583
741
11
99
221
412

8,874
383

9,309
332

57
137
189

3,969
3,314
1,010
56
487
1,761

4,025
3,469
894
42
568
1,964

15,936
2,976
111
846
931
1,088

15,577
2,711
100
787
792
1,033

15,442
267
5
91
97
74

I
1979

I
1980

49,424
10,525
1,738
1,105
2,079
5,603

6,001
6,253
1,748
64
683
3,758

13,365
4,029
764
142
540
2,582

13,967
4,028
733
174
623
2,497

35,347
6,557
1,126
993
1,513
2,925

35,457
6,497
1,005
931
1,455
3,106

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

43,066
8,537
1,365
910
1,559
4,704

43,265 5,647
8,630 2,049
526
1,260
226
890
493
1,669
804
4,811

6,159
1,894
479
215
409
792

62
132
138

11,484
3,347
568
113
425
2,241

11,940
3,292
526
132
492
2,142

1,881
681
196
30
114
342

2,028
735
208
42
131
355

15,854
317
11
101
95
109

31,582
5,190
797
797
1,134
2,463

31,325
5,338
734
758
1,177
2,669

3,766
1,368
330
196
379
462

4,131
1,159
271
173
278
437

Total
Do not intend to seek work
Intend t o seek work in the next 12 months

Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months

....

Males

Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months
Females

Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months

60



I

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-59. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
[Numbers in thousands]
Hispanic origin2

Black1

White

Total
Employment status
I
1979

1
1980

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population . .
Employment . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate . .
Not in labor force

160,570

163,216

101,260
63. 1
94,901
2,826
92,073
6,3 60
6.3
59,310

103,2o5
u3. 3
96,318
2,860
S3, 45 8
6,947
6.7
59,950

142,957

16,884

17,270

7,642

8,183

89,254
63.4
84,319
2,563
81,756
4,9 3 4
5.5
51,6C3

91,061
6 3.7
85,602
2,593
83,008
5,460
6.0
51,896

10,199
60.4
8,891
216
6,675
1,308
12.8
6, 6b'5

10,321
59.8
8,983
212
6,771
1,330
13.0
6,949

4,848
63.4
4,443
188
4,255
404
8.3
2,795

5,215
63.7
4,715
198
4,517
500
9.6
2,968

60,183

61,270

6,501

6,668

3,094

3,374

4,889
75.2
4,372
185
4,187
517
10.6
1,611

4,963
74.4
4,393
180
4,212
571
11.5
1,705

2,652
85.7
2,486
151
2,334
166
6.3
443

2,885
85.5
2,676
164
2,512
209
7.2
489

140,857

Males, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population . .

67,827

19,

Civilian labor force
Percent of population . . .
Employment
Agriculture .
Nonagricultural industries .
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force .

53,933
79.5
51,346
2,126
49,220
2,587
4.8
13,894

54,709
79. 1
1>1,595
2, 19 7
49,398
3, 114
5.7
14,433

48,134
80.0
46,107
1,904
44,203
2,027
4. 2
12,049

40,822
79.7
46,336
1,973
44,363
2,486
5. 1
12,448

Civilian noninstitutional population

76,345

77,766

66,805

67,923

8,160

8,381

3,505

3,685

Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate . . .
Not in labor force .

38,491
50.4
36,211
457
35,754
2,279
5.9
37,8 54

39,947
51.4
37,601
434
37, 167
2,345
5.9
37,819

33,222
49.7
31,494
426
31,069
1,7-20
5.2
33,582

34,525
50.8
32,719
404
32,315
1,806
5.2
33,398

4,.50 5
55.2
4,000
23
3,977
505
11.2
3,65b

4,602
1>4.9
4,126
23
4,103
476
10.4
3,779

1,705
48.6
1,560
20
1,54 0
145
8.5
1,800

1,797
48.8
1,6 14
17
1,597
183
10.2
1,888

Civilian noninstitutional population .

16,398

16,308

13,U69

13,765

2,223

2,221

1,043

1,124

Civilian labor force
Percent of population .
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries .
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force .

8,8 37
53.9
7,343
245
7,098

8,610
52.6
7,122
229
6,893
1,486
17.3
7,698

7,897
56.9
6,717
233
6,484
1,180
14.9
5,972

7,714
56.0
6,547
216
6,330
1, 1b7
15. 1
6,051

805
36.2
519
8
511
286
35.5
1,418

756
34.0
465
9
456
291
38.5
1,465

491
47.1
397
16
381
94
19.1
552

533
47.4
424
16
408
108
20.3
591

142

Females, 20 years and over

Both sexes, 16-19 years

1,493
1o.9
7,562

1
Data relate to black workers only. According to the 1970 Census, they comprised about
89 percent of the "black and other" population group.
3
Data on persons of Hispanic origin are tabulated separately, without regard to race, which means
that they are also included in the data for white and black workers. At the time of the Census, approximately 96 percent of their population was white.




61

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A 60 Employment status of persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin
by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Total Hispanic origin 1

Mexican origin

Puerto Rican origin

Cuban origin

Employment status

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

1979

A180

4,545

4,940

1,080

1,028

561

585

5,215
63.7
4,715
198
4,517
500
9.6
2,968

2,999
66.0
2,755
167
2,588
244
8.1
1,546

3,278
66.4
2,941
182
2,759
338
10.3
1,661

534
49.4
466
3
462
69
12.8
546

529
51.5
463
5
458
66
12.6
499

390
69.5
352
5
347
38
9.7
171

397
67.9
378
3
375
19
4.8
187

3,374

1,904

2,116

385

369

239

244

299
81.0
268
4
264
31
10.4
70

207
86.6
191
5
185
17
8.0
31

214
87.7
2X)3
3
200
11
5.4
30

I
1979

I
1980

Civilian noninstitutional population .

7,642

8,183

Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

4,848
63.4
4,443
188
4,255
404
8.3
2,795

3,094

_197_9_

Males, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

2,652
85.7
2,486
151
2,334
166
6.3
443

2,885
85.5
2,676
164
2,512
209
7.2
489

1,680
88.2
1,589
134
1,455
92
5.4
224

1,850
87.4
1,715
150
1,565
135
7.3
266

301
78.2
264
2
262
37
12.2
85

Civilian noninstitutional population . .

3,505

3,685

1,980

2,108

544

511

263

271

Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

1,705
48.6
1,560

1,797

994

48.8
1,614

50.2

1,032
49.0

185
34.0
164

146
55.5
135

154
56.8
146

20

17
1,597
183

196
38.4
169
1
168
27
13.7
315

135
10
7.0
118

146
8
5.1
117

148

59

69

37
(2)
26

29
420
29

26
11
(2)
22

(2)
40

,

Females, 20 years and over

1,800

1,888

899
18
881
95
9.5
986

1,043

1,124

660

1,540

145
8.5

10.2

918
14
904
114
11.1
1,076

164
21
11.1
359

715

151

Both sexes, 16-19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

491

533

324

397

49

34

47.1

47.4

49.1

55.5

32.5

23.0

397
16
381
94

424
16
408
108

267
15
253
57

308
17
291
89

19.1

20.3

17.6

22.3

552

591

336

319

38
1
36
11
(2)
102

26
—
26
9
(2)
114

Includes persons of Central or South American origin and other Hispanic origin, not
shown separately.
2
Percent not shown where base is less than 60,000.

62




NOTE: See note, table A-59.

29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-61. Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands]
Hispanic origin 1

Black and other
Selected categories

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

94,901
55,146
39,755

96,318
55,352
40,967

84,319
49,588
34,732

85,602
49,799
35,802

10,581
5,558
5,023

10,717
5,552
5,165

4,443
2,723
1,720

4,715
2,945
1,770

48,848
15,153
10,318
5,950
17,427
31,017
12,453
10,767
3,551
4,246
12,658
2,377

50,493
15,660
10,738
6,133
17,963
30,635
12,395
10,469
3,527
4,245
12,844
2,345

44,854
13,864
9,780
5,654
15,556
27,221
11,479
9,192
3,075
3,475
10,081
2,163

46,361
14,329
10,189
5,826
16,016
26,728
11,359
8,868
2,995
3,506
10,376
2,137

3,993
1,289
538
296
1,871
3,797
974
1,575
477
771
2,577
215

4,133
1,330
549
306
1,947
3,908
1,036
1,601
532
739
2,468
208

1,490
336
271
174
709
2,090
618
935
182
355
720
144

1,649
385
307
199
758
2,151
665
939
184
363
760
155

1,171
1,444
212

1,188
1,473
198

964
1,389
211

987
1,416
190

207
56
2

201
57
8

173
15

181
17

85,162
15,493
69,669
1,214
68,455
6,452
458

86,337
15,722
70,614
1,083
69,531
6,737
384

75,257
13,057
62,200
811
61,389
6,067
433

76,316
13,310
63,006
714
62,292
6,327
365

9,906
2,437
7,469
403
7,066
386
25

10,021
2,412
7,608
369
7,239
410
19

4,012
616
3,397
66
3,331
222
21

4,270
633
3,637
83
3,554
224
22

77,325
3,247
14,329

78,002
3,521
14,795

68,574
2,705
13,040

69,142
2,949
13,511

8,751
542
1,288

8,860
573
1,284

3,765
211
467

3,390
248
537

CHARACTERISTICS
Total, 16 years and over
Males
Females
OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS2
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons

See footnote 2, table A-59.
Employed persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period are distributed




proportionately among the full- and part-time employed categories.

63

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-62. Employed persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and economic categories
[In thousands]
Puerto Rican

Total Hispanic
Mexican origin

origin 1
Selected categories

Cuban origin

origin

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

1
1979

I
1980

1979

I
1980

4,443
2,723
1,720

4,715
2,945
1,770

2,755
1,745
1,010

2,941
1,913
1,027

466
286
180

463
284
179

352
210
142

378
220
158

1,490
336
271
174
709
2,090
618
935
182
355
720
144

1,649
385
307
199
758
2,151
665
939
184
363
760
155

793
146
154
87
406
1,379
399
592
124
264
450
133

907
178
181
103
445
1,414
437
582
127
268
475
145

173
40
21
16
96
205
48
111
21
25
84
3

177
42
27
15
93
199
51
110
18
20
84
2

159
48
28
23
60
154
48
72
13
21
38

167
46
35
25
61
173
45
93
15
20
37
1

173
15

181
17

159

172
10

4,012
616
3,397
66
3,331
222
21

4,270
633
3,637
83
3,554
224
22

2,460
414
2,046
45
2,001
118
10

2,636
416
2,220
50
2,170
111
12

444
77
367
3
364
20

441
69
372
1
371
18

315
24
291

337
32
304
1
303
38

3,765
211
467

3,930
248
537

2,320
151
284

2,412
190
339

410
17
38

410
16
37

I

CHARACTERISTICS
Total, 16 years and over
Males
Females
OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagriculturel industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

291
29
2

FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS2
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons

See footnote 1, table A-60.

64



See footnote 2, table A-61.

299
9
45

342
7
30

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-63. Employed persons by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
[In thousands]
Hispanic origin2

Sex and age
I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

94,901

96,318

84,319

.....

7,343
2,914
4,430
13,450
74,107
59,798
14,308

7,122
2,765
4,357
13,356
75,841
61,543
14,297

Males, 16 years and over .

55,146

Total, 16 years and over .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Females, 16 years and ovei
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

85,602

8,891

8,983

4,443

4»715

6,717
2,694
4,023
11,899
65,703
52,735
12,968

6,547
2,570
3,977
11,851
67,205
54,226
12,978

519
178
341
1,312
7*059
5,906
1,153

465
155
310
1,261
7,258
6,114
1,144

397
130
267
794
3,253
2,888
365

424
130
294
802
3,488
3,101
388

55,352

49,588

49,799

4,643

4,630

2,723

2,945

3,800
1,508
2,292
7,212
44,133
35,394
8,739

3,756
1,482
2,274
7,129
44,466
35,764
8,703

3,480
1,398
2,082
6,412
39,696
31,704
7,991

3,463
1,378
2,085
6,359
39,977
31,993
7,984

271
90
181
675
3,697
3,070
627

237
82
155
646
3,747
3,139
608

237
80
157
469
2,017
1,767
250

268
86
182
492
2,184
1,934
250

39,755

40,967

34,732

35,802

4,248

4,353

1,720

1,770

3,543
1,406
2,138
6,237
29,974
24,405
5,569

3,365
1,283
2,083
6,226
31,375
25,781
5,594

3,237
1,296
1,941
5,487
26,007
21,030
4,977

3,083
1,192
1,892
5,491
27,227
22,233
4,994

248
88
160
637
3,363
2,837
526

227
73
154
615
3,510
2,975
535

160
50
110
325
1,234
1,121
113

156
44
112
309
1,304
1,167
137

See footnote 1, table A-59.

See footnote 2, table A-59.

A-64. Rates of unemployment by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Total

Hispanic origin2

Black1

White

Sex and age

Total, 16 years and over

..

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Males, 16 years and over . .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

See footnote 1, table A-59.




I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

6.3

6.7

5.5

6.0

12.8

13.0

8.3

9.6

16.9
19.8
14.9
9.8
4.4
4.6
3.5

17.3
19 .7
15 .7
11 .1
4 .8
5 .1
3 .4

14.9
18.0
12.8
8.3
3.9
4.1
3.2

15.1
17.9
13.2
9.6
4.3
4.6

35.5
38.8
33.6
21.6
8.6
9.0
6.3

38.5
39.6

19.1
27.6
14.2
11.1
6.1
6.0

20 .3
28 .2
16 .3
12 .5
7 .4
7 .7
4.4

5.9

6 .6

5.2

12.7

13.4

18.2
21.7
15.6
10.0
3.9
4.0
3.4

17 .6
20 .2
15 .8
12 .3
4.5
4.8
3 .5

16.1
20.0
13.4
8.6
3.5
3.5

37.0
40.8
34.9
21.3
8.3
8.6
6.7

38.0
40.1
36.8
23.7
9.0
9.3
7.0

6.9

6 .9

6.1

6.1

12.9

12.5

9.8

11 .6

15.5
17.6
14.1
9.6
5.1
5.5
3.6

16 .9
19 .1
15 .5
9 .6
5 .1
5 .5
3 .3

13.6
15.7
12.2
7.9
4.6
4.9

14.5
17.3
12.7
7.9
4.7
5.0

33.8
36.6
32.2
21.8
8.9
9.4

21.0

3.2

5.7

39.0
39.1
39.0
21.7
8.0
8.8
3.6

24 .2
30 .8
21 .3
13 .5
9 .3
9 .9
4.2

3.1

3.3

3.2
5.9
18.5
15.7
13.7
11.0
4.1
4.3
3.2

37.9
22.7

8.5
9.1
5.5

6.6

8 .3

7.4
26.5
17.7
12.5
10.5
5.2
5.1
6.4

29.3

16.6
11.9
7.6
7.5
7.3

17 .9
26 .8
12 .8
11 .8
6 .1
6 .3
4.6

See footnote 2, table A-59.

66

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-65. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
[In thousands]
Total
Weeks of unemployment

Hispanic origin *

Black and other

White

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

1
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

6,360
2,744
2,193
1,423
853
570

6,947
3,036
2,403
1,507
936
571

4,934
2,200
1,699
1,035
636
400

5,460
2,417
1,927
1,116
711
405

1,425
545
493
387
21.7
170

1,487
620
476
392
225
167

404
172
151
82
61
21

500
230
159
111
79
32

11.6
6.5

10.9
6.4

10.9
6.2

10.5
6.2

13.7
7.7

12.5
7.2

10.0
6.4

10.3
5.8

100.0
43.1
34.5
22.4
13.4
9.0

100.0
43.7
34.6
21.7

100.0
44.6
34.4
21.0
12.9
8.1

100.0
44.3
35.3
20.4
13.0
7.4

100.0
38.2
34.6
27.2
15.2
11.9

100.0
41.7
32.0
26.3
15.1
11.2

100.0
42.5
37.3
20.2
15.1
5.2

100.0
46.0
31.8
22.2
15.8
6\3

Duration
Total 16 years and over
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration in weeks .
Median duration in weeks

. .

.

.

Percent distribution
Total unemployed
5 to 14 weeks
15 to 26 weeks

.

13.5
8.2

See footnote 2, table A-59.

A-66. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment race and Hispanic origin
[Numbers in thousands]
White

Total
Reason for unemployment

I
1979

Black and other

Hispanic origin1

1980

I
1979

I
1980

6,360
3,001
1,095
1,905
872
1,766
721

6,947
3,631
1,495
2,136
801
1,808
707

4,934
2,354
925
1,428
726
1,342
513

5,460
2,901
1,274
1,628
664
1,410
484

1,425
647
170
477
146
424
208

1,487
730
221
509
137
398
222

404
204
41
163
64
94
41

500
268
61
207
65
109
58

100.0
47.2
17.2
30.0
13.7
27.8
11.3

100.0
52.3
21.5
30.8
11.5
26.0
10.2

100.0
47.7
18.8
28.9
14.7
27.2
10.4

100.0
53.2
23.3
29.8
12.2
25.8
8.9

100.0
45.4
11.9
33.5
10.3
29.9
14.6

100.0
49.1
14.9
34.2
9.2
26.8

100.0
50.6
10.2
40.4
15.9
23.3

14.9

10.2

100.0
53.6
12.2
41.4
13.0
21.8
11.6

3.0
.9
1.7
.7

3.5
.8
1.8
.7

2.6
.8
1.5
.6

3.2
.7
1.5
.5

5.4
1.2
3.5
1.7

6.0
1.1
3.3
1.8

4.2
1.3
1.9
.8

5.1
1.2
2.1
1.1

1
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers

,

New entrants . .
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Reentrants.
New entrants

See footnote 2, table A-59.

66



HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-67.

Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age

(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Civilian labor force
Unemployed

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Veteran status
and age

Total

Employed

Percent
of
labor
force

Number

I
1980

I
197 9

I
1980

492
65

5.6
15.2

6. 1
17.0

336
152
136
48
29

403
166
162
75
25

4.9
7.6
4.0
3-5
4.3

5.8
9.7
4.6
4,3
3.1

604
344
150
111

805
427
219
159

4.5
5-6
3.8
3.2

5.6
6.5
5.2

197^

I
1980

I
1979

1
1980

I
1979

I
1980

8,477
624

8,576
422

8,061
580

6,107
3 83

7,607
492

7,6 14
316

453
88

7,054
2,090
3,558
1 ,40o
790

7,219
1,804
3,609
1 ,806
935

6,793
1,986
3,438
1,370
687

6,934
1,709
3,485
1,740
790

6,458
1,834
3,301
1,322
658

6,532
1,543
3,324
1,665
765

14,241
6,469
4,084
3,687

15,146
6,931
4,415
3 ,6u0

13,509
6,087
3,899
3,523

14,360
6,548
4,208
3,6 04

12,905
5,743
3,749
3,412

13,556
6,121
3 # 990
3,445

I

1979

VETERANS 1
Total 20 years and over
20 to 24 years

25 to 39 years . . . .
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years . . . .
40 years and over
NONVETERANS 2
Total 25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years

4.4

Vietnam-era veterans are those who served between August 5,1964 and May 1975.
3
Nonveterans are males who have never served in the Armed Forces. Published data are limited
to those 25-39 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era
veteran population.

A-68. Employment status of male Vietnam-Era veterans and nonveterans 26 to 39 years by age, race, and
Hispanic origin, quarterly averages, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status

Black and other

Hispanic origin3

Black and other

Hispanic origin3

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

6,362
6,146
5,873
273
4.4

6,513
6,279
5,955
324
5.2

692
647
586
61
9.4

706
655
576
79
12.1

233
220
209
11
5.0

268
254
236
18
7.1

12,365
11,842
11,387
455
3.8

13,148
12,582
11,943
639
5.1

1,875
1,667
1,518
149
8.9

1,998
1,778
1,612
166
9.3

968
918
872
46
5.0

1,091
1,018
943
75
7.4

1,859
1,768
1,650
118
6.7

1,579
1,499
1,373
126
8.4

231
217
184
33
15.2

225
210
170
40
19.0

91
86
82
4
4.7

99
91
82
9
9.9

5,660
5,383
5,131
252
4.7

6,083
5,797
5,450
347

6.a

809
704
612
92
13.1

848
751
670
81
10.8

396
374
357
17
4.5

464
432
401
31
7.2

3,242
3,144
3,024
120
3.8

3,292
3,190
3,056
134
4.2

316
294
278
16
5.4

317
295
267
28
9.5

112
104
99
5
4.8

112
107
102
5
4.7

3,515
3,384
3,274
110
3.3

3,788
3,640
3,473
167
4.6

569
515
476
39
7.6

627
568
517
51
9.0

297
279
268
11
3.9

358
335
306
29
8.7

1,261
1,234
1,199
35
2.8

1,642
1,590
1,526
64
4.0

145
136
124
12

164
150
139
11
7.3

30
30
28
2
(3)

57
56
52
4
(3)

3,190
3,075
2,982
93
3.0

3,277
3,145
3,020
125
4.0

497
448
430
18
4.0

523
459
425
34
7.4

275
265
247
18
6.8

269
251
236
15
6,0

I
1979

I
198Q

Total, 25 to 39 years:
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
25 to 29 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
. . . . . . .
Employed
Unemployed
U n e m p l o y m e n t rate .
. . .
30 t o 3 4 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate . .
35 to 39 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
. .
See footnote 1, table A-67.
See footnote 2, table A-59.




Percent not shown where base is less than 60.000.

67

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES

A-69. Employment status of the population in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas by sex, age, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Nonmetropolitan areas

Metropolitan a
Employment status

Central cities

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

Suburbs

Farm

Total

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

63,352 64,733
41,690 42,714
66.0
65.8
39,433 40,252
2,462
2,257
5.8
5.4
21,663 22,020

51,303
31,117
60.7
29,125
1,992
6.4
20,185

52,330
31,796
60.8
29,538
2,258
7.1
20,534

4,603
2,815
61.2
2,742
73
2.6
1,788

4,480
2,773
61.9
2,671
102
3.7
1,707

46,700
28,302
60.2
26,383

47,850
29,023
60.7
26,867
" •"'
2,156
7.4
18,827

I
1979

I
1980

Total

Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

109,267 110,886 45,915 46,152
70,143 71,469 28,453 28,755
64.5
62.3
64.2
62.0
65,776 66,780 26,343 26,528
4,689
2,228
4,367
2,110
6.6
7.7
6.2
.7.4
39,125 39,417 17,462 17,397

1,919

6.8
18,397

Males, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

46,009 46,833 19,010
37,149 37,595 14,753
77.6
80.7
80.3
35,367 35,529 13,841
912
1,782
2,063
6.2
4.8
5.5
9,241 4,257
8,860

19,100
14,780
77.4
13,780
1,000
6.8
4,320

26,999
22,396
83.0
21,526
870
3.9
4,603

27,733
22,812
82.3
21,750
1,063
4.7
4,920

21,817 22,309
16,783 17,117
76.9
76.7
15,979 16,066
805
1,051
4.8
6.1
5,034
5,192

2,084
1,709
82.0
1,675
34
2.0
375

2,046
1,654
80.9
1,618
36
2.2
391

20,263
19,733
15,463
15,074
76.3
76.4
14,448
14,304
1,015
771
6.6
5.1
4,659 j 4,801

Females, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

52,280
27,010
51.7
25,458
1,552
5.7
25,270

53,088
27,964
52.7
26,350
1,615
5.8
25,123

22,596
11,543
51.1
10,774
769
6.7
11,053

22,667
11,811
52.1
11,028
784
6.6
10,856

29,684
15,467
52.1
14,684
783
5.1
14,217

30,421
16,153
53.1
15,322
831
5.1
14,268

24,065
11,481
47.7
10,753
727
6.3
12,584

24,678
11,982
48.6
11,252
731
6.1
12,696

1,948
809
41.5
788
21
2.7
1,139

1,906
842
44.2
807
35
4.2
1,064

22,117
10,672
48.3
9,965
706
6.6
11,445

22,772
11,140
48.9
10,445
696
6.2
11,632

10,978
5,983
54.5
4,951
1,033
17.3
4,995

10,966
5,913
53.9
4,901
1,012
17.1
5,053

4,310
2,157
50.0
1,728
429
19.9
2,151

4,386
2,165
49.4
1,721
444
20.5
2,221

6,668
3,826
57.4
3,223
604
15.8
2,844

6,580
3,748
57.0
3,180
568
15.2
2,831

5,420
2,853
52.6
2,393
460
16.1
2,567

5,342
2,697
50.5
2,221
476
17.6
2,646

571
297
52.0
280
17
5.7
274

528
277
52.4
245
31
11.3
251

4,849
2,556
52.7
2,113
443
17.3
2,293

4,814
2,420
50.3
1,976
445
18.4
2,395

94,040 95,084 35,150
60,660 61,721 21,979
64.9
64.5
62.5
57,415 58,197 20,718
3,244 3,524 1,261
5.7
5.3
5.7
33,381 33,364 13,171

35,062
22,153
63.2
20,807
1,345
6.1
12,910

58,890
38,681
65.7
36,697
1,983
5.1
20,210

60,022
39,568
65.9
37,390
2,178
5.5
20,454

46,817
28,594
61.1
26,904
1,690
5.9
18,223

47,873
29,340
61.3
27,405
1,936
6.6
18,532

4,353
2,686
61.7
2,623
63
2.4
1,667

4,216
2,634
62.5
2,547
88
3.3
1,582

42,464
25,908
61.0
24,281
1,6?7
6.3
16,556

43,657
26,706
61.2
24,858
1,848
6.9
16,950

15,227 15,802 10,765 11,090
6,603
9,483
9,748 6,474
59.5
60.1
61.7
62.3
5,721
8,583 5,625
8,360
882
849
1,165
1,123
13.4
13.1
12.0
11.8
4,487
6,053 4,291
5,744

4,462
3,009
67.4
2,735
274
9.1
1,453

4,712
3,145
66.7
2,862
284
9.0
1,566

4,486
2,523
56.2
2,221
302
12.0
1,963

250
129
51.6
120
9
7.3
121

264
139
52.5
124

4,236
2,394
56.5
2,101
293
12.2
1,842

4,193
2,317
55.3
2,010
307
13.2
1,876

Both sexes, 16-19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population . . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed . . .
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White

Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black and other

Civilian noninstitutional population . . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

68



4,457
2,456
55.1
2,134
322 |
13.1 |
2,001

15

10.8
125
i

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-70. Employment status of the population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race
(Number in thousands)

Employment status

Nonpoverty
areas

areas

Nonmetropolitan areas

Metropolitan areas

Total United States
Poverty

Poverty
areas

Nonpoverty

Poverty

areas

areas

areas

1979

I
1980

I
1979

1
1980

99,806
65,527
65.7
61,602
3,924
6.0
34,280

17,989
10,124
56.3
9,418
706
7.0
7,864

18,096
10,148
56.1
9,380
768
7.6
7,948

33,314
20,993
63.0
19,706
1,287
6.1
12,321

34,233
21,648
63.2
20,158
1,489
6.9
12,586

88,391
57,602
65.2
54,612
2,990
5.2
30,790

89,548
58,638
65.5
55,427
3,211
5.5
30,909

14,960
8,527
57.0
8,017
510
6.0
6,433

15,126
8,626
57.0
8,061
564
6.5
6,500

31,856
20,067
63.0
18,887
1,180
5.9
11,789

32,747
20,715
63.3
19,343
1,371
6.6
12,032

9,866
6,651
67.4
5,983
668
10.0
3,215

10,259
6,888
67.1
6,175
713
10.4
3,371

3,028
1,597
52.7
1,402
196
12.2
1,431

2,970
1,523
51.3
1,318
204
13.4
1,448

1,458
926
63.5
819
107
11.5
532

1,486
933
62.8
815
118
12.6
553

I
1989

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
1980

I
1979

I
198Q

29,176
16,091
55.2
14,558
1,533
9.5
13,085

131,571
85,245
64.8
80,301
4,945
5.8
46,325

134,040
87,174
65.0
81,761
5,414
6.2
46,865

11,011
5,891
53.5
5,182
709
12.0
5,120

11,080
5,943
53.6
5,178
765
12.9
5,137

98,257
64,252
65.4
60,594
3,658
•5.7
34,004

20,609
11,585
56.2
10,821
764
6.6
9,024

20,663
11,708
56.7
10,831
877
7.5
8,955

120,248
77,669
64.6
73,499
4,170
5.4
42,579

122,294
79,353
64.9
74,770
4,583
5.8
42,941

5,649
3,058
54.1
2,804
254
8.3
2,591

5,537
3,082
55.7
2,770
313
10.1
2,454

8,390
4,430
52.8
3,779
651
14.7
3,960

8,513
4,383
51.5
3,726
656
15.0
4,130

11,323
7,577
66.9
6,802
775
10.2
3,747

11,745
7,821
66.6
6,990
831
10.6
3,924

5,361
2,833
52.8
2,378
455
16.1
2,529

5,543
2,860
51.6
2,408
452
15.8
2,683

I
1979

Nonpoverty

I

Total
Civilian noninstitutional
population
28,999
Civilian labor force
16,015
Percent of population . . .
55.2
Employed
14,600
Unemployed
1,415
Unemployment rate
8.8
Not in labor force
12,984
White

Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population . . .
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black and other

Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population . . .
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

A-71. Unemployment rates for selected labor force groups In poverty and nonpoverty areas by sex, age, and race
Total United States
Sex, age, and race

I

Metropolitan areas

Nonpoverty
areas

Poverty
areas

I

I

I

Poverty
areas

I

Nonmetropolitan areas

Nonpoverty
areas

I

Nonpoverty
areas

Poverty
areas

I

I

I

I

I

I

1979

1980

1979

1980

1979

1980

1979

1980

1979

1980

1979

1980

8.8
7.0
8.7

9.5
8.3
7.9

5.8
4.4
5.4

6.2
5.2
5.5

6.0
5.0
5.3

7.0
5.2
7.5

7.6
6.7
6.3

6.1
4.6
5.8

6.9
5.8
6.0

25.1

15.9

12.9
11.0
10.5
35.2

5.7
4.3
5.3

21.0

12.0
10.2
10.7
29.4

16.2

15.4

16.1

18.9

16.1

17.1

6.6
5.6
6.7

7.5
6.5
6.3

5.4
4.0
5.0

5.8
4.9
5.1

8.3
7.6
7.6

10.1

8.6
9.1

5.2
3.9
4.8

5.5
4.6
4.9

6.0
4.8
6.4

6.5
5.8
5.4

5.9
4.4
5.5

6.6
5.7
5.7

13.3

18.9

15.2

14.6

16.6

25.4

14.9

14.0

12.2

16.6

15.8

16.2

14.7
11.4
13.2
39.0

15.0
13.5
11.5
41.5

10.2

10.6

16.1
13.6
13.5
40.4

15.8
14.1
11.8
45.2

10.0

10.4

12.2

12.6

9.1
8.7

7.8

29.7

30.9

13.4
12.6
10.9
33.3

11.5

8.5
8.7

Total
Both sexes, 16 years and over . . . .
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over . . . .
Both sexes, 16-19 years

16.2

White
Both sexes, 16 years and over . . . .
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over . . . .
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Black and other
Both sexes, 16 years and over . . . .
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over . . . .
Both sexes, 16-19 years




8.7
9.0

9.1
9.1

29.0

31.9

12.6
36.2

9.8

8.9

10.8
25.2

12.2
37.9

69

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-72. Unemployed persons by family relationship and presence of employed family members
(Numbers in thousands)

I
1980

I
1979

Percent of unemployed:

Percent of unemployed:

With at least

With at least

Family relationship
Total

With no

With at least
one person in
one employed
family emperson in
ployed full
family
time

employed
person in
family

Total

With no

With at least

employed

one employed

person in

person in

family

family

one person in
family employed full
time

TOTAL
Unemployed total
Unemployed in families
Husbands 2
Wives
Relatives in husband-wife families
Women who head families
Relatives of female heads
Unemployed not in families 3

6,360

40.4

59.6

53.3

6,947

41.1

58.9

52.0

5,444
1,329
1,240
1,745

30.4
51.0
15.7
10.0

69.6
49.0
84.3
90.0

62.2
36.0
79.8
85.6

5,913
1,674
1,264
1,778

30.8
47.5
17.1
10.5

69.2
52.5
82.9
89.5

61.1
39.7
77.8
84.2

406
724
916

84.7
36.3

15.3
63.7

10.1
53.5

453
744
1,034

83.9
32.8

16.1
67.2

10.4
56.7

4,934

38.7

61.3

55.0

5,460

38.9

61.1

54.3

4,221
1,108
1,039
1,441

28.4
52.5
15.4
9.6

71.6
47.5
84.6
90.4

64.3
34.6
80.2
86.3

4,654
1,426
1,080
1,474

28.7
47.1
15.8
9.4

71.3
52.9
84.2
90.6

63.7
39.1
79.3
85.7

228
405
713

80.3
33.1

19.7
66.9

11.4
56.5

268
406
806

80.2
29.6

19.8
70.4

13.4
61.8

1,308
1,125

47.0
38.4
43.9
17.6
12.5

53.0
61.6
56.1
82.4
87.5

46.7
54.3
43.4
77.8
81.7

1,338
1,127

49.4
39.9
47.1
23.3
15.5

50.6
60.1
52.9
76.7
84.5

43.0
51.1
44.8
70.0
76.8

90.7
40.6

9.3
59.4

8.1
49.4

174

89.1
37.0

10.9
63.0

49.7

White
Unemployed, total
Unemployed in families 1
Husbands *
Wives
Relatives in husband-wife families
Women who head families
Relatives of female heads
Unemployed not in families 3

—

Black 4
Unemployed, total
Unemployed in families
Husbands 2
Wives

196
176

Relatives in husband-wife families

273

Women who head families

172

Relatives of female heads
Unemployed not in families 3

308
183

In primary families only.
Includes a small number of single, separated, widowed, or divorced men who head
families.
2

70



210
150

271
322
211

5.2

Includes unrelated individuals and persons in secondary families.
According t o the 1970 Census, black workers comprised about 89 percent of the
"black and o t h e r " population group.
4

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-73. Employed persons by family relationship and presence of additional employed family members
(Numbers in thousands)

I
1980

I
1979

Percent of employed:

Percent of employed:
With another

Family relationship
Total

With no other With another
employed per- employed person in family son in family

person in

Total

family em-

With no other With another
employed per- employed person in family

ployed full

son in family

time

With another
person in
family employed full
time

TOTAL
94,901

37.9

62.1

52.9

96,318

37.9

62.1

52.6

81,465

27.6

72.4

61.6

82,075

27.2

72.8

61.8

Husbands 2
Wives
Relatives in husband-wife families . . .

39,479

40.1

59.9

43.2

39,197

38.9

61,

44.0

22,400

8.9

91.1

87.1

23,042

9.5

90,

86.0

11,891

6.7

93.3

89.6

11,776

6.8

93,

89.3

Women who head families

4,494
3,201
13,436

67.1
27.4

32.9
72.6

22.5
62.6

4,663
3,397
14,243

66.8
28.1

33.2
71.9

22.4
61.4

84,319

37.3

62.7

53.2

85,602

37.4

62.6

52.9

72,627

27.3

72.7

61.7

73,097

26.7

73.3

61.9
43.1

Employed, total
Employed, in families'

....

Relatives of female heads
Employed, not in families

3

White
Employed, total
Employed, in families'
Husbands 2 .

35,998

40.5

59.5

42.3

35,716

39.3

60.7

Wives

20,103

8.5

91.5

87.6

20,673

9.0

91.0

86.4

Relatives in husband-wife families , . .

10,736

6.4

93.6

90.1

10,681

6.6

93.4

89.7

3,351

62.5
26.4

34.8
73.6

23.1
63.8

3,404

63.6
28.0

36.4
72.0

62.0

Women who head families
Relatives of female heads
Employed, not in families 3

2,439
11,692

2,623

24.2

12,505

Black 4
Employed, total
Employed, in families'
Husbands 2
Wives
Relatives in husband-wife families . . .
Women who head families
Relatives of female heads
Employed, not in families 3

8,891

43.5

56.5

49.5

8,983

43.9

56.1

49.0

7,422

67.7

7,532

63.8

59.3
52.2

86.0

81.2

1,938

33.1
35.6
14.4

912

32.3
36.2
14.0
10.0

90.0

83.8

819

9.6

66.9
64,
85,
90,

58.5
53.2
81.2
84.0

1,070

73.6

26.4

707
1 *69

31.4

68.6

20.3
57.7

1,181
718

76.2
29.2

2,864
1.869

See footnote 1, table A-72.

See footnote 3, table A-72.

See footnote 2, table A-72.

See f o o t n o t e d , table A-72.




2,876

23.8

16.8

70.8

58.1

71

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry division, 1920 to date
Goods-producing
Year
and
month

Service-producing
Transportation
and
public
utilities

turing

Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale
trade

Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate

State
and
local

863
1,461
1,570
1,623
1,621
1,512
1,387
1,229

10,658
9,939
10,156
10,001
9,947
10,702
9,562
8,170

14,605
16,304
16,923
17,253
17,397
18,053
17,481
16,392

3,998
3,826
3,942
3,895
3,828
3,916
3,685
3,254

4,467
5,576
5,784
5,908
5,874
6,123
5,797
5,284

1,160
1,218
1,290
1,352
1,420
1,494
1,460
1,392

2,352
2,857
3,033
3,154
3,251
3,425
3,361
3f 169

2,603
2,800
2,846
2,915
2,995
3,065
3,148
3,264

533
526
560

2,532
2,622
2,704

8, 647
731
8,965
744
10,261
883
10,893
897
11,933
946
12,936 1,015
11, 401
891
12,297
854
13,221
925
15,963
957

985
824
877
927
1,160
1,127
1,070
1,165
1,311
1,814

6,931
7,397
8,501
9,069
9,827
10,794
9,440
10,278
10,985
13,192

14,996
14,761
15,707
16,175
17,164
18,105
17,823
16,544
17,304
18,615

2,816
2,672
2,750
2,786
2,973
3,134
2,863
2,936
3,038
3,274

4,683
4,755
5,281
5,431
5,809
6,265
6,179
6,426
6,750
7,210

,76 2
,835
,960

4,664
4,914
5,251

1,326
1,280
1,304
1,320
1,373
1,417
1,410
1,447
1,485
1,525

2,918
2,861
3,045
3,128
3,312
3^503
3,458
3,502
3,665
3,905

3,225
3,166
3,299
3,481
3,668
3,756
3,883
3,995
4,202
4,660

559
565
652
753
826
833
829
905
996
1,340

2,666
2,601
2,647
2,728
2,842
2,923
3,054
3,090
3,206
3,320

40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754
45,197
47,819

18,470
20, 114
19, 328
17, 507
17, 248
18, 509
18,774
17, 565
18, 506
19,959

992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930
901
929

2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194
2,364
2,637

15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441
15,241
16,393

19,730
20,498
20,692
20,920
22,112
25,348
26,092
26,189
26,690
27,861

3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001
4,034
4,226

7,118
6,982
7,058
7,314
8,376
8,955
9,272
9,264
9,386
9,742

1,906
,822
,845
,949
2,291
2,471
2,605
2,602
2,635
2,727

5,212
5,160
5,214
5,365
6,084
6,485
6,667
6,662
6,751
7,015

1,505
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828
1,888
1,956

4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,240
5,357
5,547

5,483
6,080
6,043
5,944
5,595
5,474
5,650
5,856
6,026
6,389

2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908
1,928
2,302

3,270
3, 175
3,116
3,137
3,341
3,582
3,787
3,948
4,098
4,087

1952...
1953...
1954...
1955...
1956...
1957...
1958...
1959.1..
1960 .
1961...

48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,266
54,185
53,999

20, 198
21, 074
19, 751
20, 513
21, 104
20, 964
19, 513
20,411
20, 434
19,857

898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732
712
672

2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004
2,926
2,859

16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675
16,796
16,326

28,595
29,127
29,238
30,128
31,264
31,888
31,810
32,858
33,756
34,142

4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011
4,004
3,903

10,004
10,247
10,235
10,535
10,858
10,886
10,750
11,127
11,391
11,337

2,812
2,854
2,867
2,926
3,018
3,02 8
2,980
3,082
3, 143
3, 133

7,192
7,393
7,368
7,610
7,840
7,858
7,770
8,045
8,248
8,204

2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549
2,629
2,688

5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087
7,378
7,620

6,609
6,645
6,751
6,914
7,278
7,616
7,839
8,083
8,353
8,594

2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233
2,270
2,279

4,188
4,340
4,563
4,727
5,069
5,399
5,648
5,850
6,083
6,315

1962 . ..
1963 ...
1964...
1965...
1966...
1967...
1968...
1969...
1970...
1971...
1972...
1973...
1974...
1975...
1976...
1977...
1978...
1979...
1979:
MAR..
APE..
MAY..
JUN..
J01..
AUG..
SEPT.
OCT..
NOV..
DEC.
1980:
JAN..
FEB.P
MAR.P

55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384
70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,423
86,446
89,482

20,451
20, 640
21, 005
21,926
23, 158
23, 308,
23,737
24,362
23,577
22,935
23,668
24,893
24*794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,597
26,574

650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619
623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
957

2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575
3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,271
4,644

16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167
19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,476
20,972

35,098
36,014
37,277
38,838
40,744
42,496
44,158
46,022
47,302
48,276
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,077
60,849
62,909

3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4, 158
4,268
4,318
4,442
4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,927
5,154

11,566
11,778
12,160
12,716
13,245
13,606
14,099
14,705
15,040
15,352
15,949
16,607
16,987
17,060
17,755
18,516
19,499
20,137

3, 19 8
3,248
3,337
3,466
3,597
3,689
3,779
3,907
3,993
4,001
4,113
4,277
4,433
4,415
4,546
4,708
4,957
5,170

8,368
8,530
8,823
9,250
9,648
9,917
10,320
10,798
11,047
11,351
11,836
12,329
12,554
12,645
13,209
13,808
14,542
14,966

2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512
3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,727
4,963

7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169
11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,303
16,220
17,043

8,890
9,225
9,596
10,074
10,784
11,391
11,839
12,195
12,554
12,881
13,334
13,732
14,170
14,686
14,871
15,079
15,476
15,612

2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,75b
2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773

6,550
6,868
7,248
7,696
8,220
8,672
9,102
9,437
9,823
10,185
10,649
11,068
11,446
11,937
12,138
12,352
12,723
12,839

88,207
88,820
89,671
90,541
89,618
89,673
90,211
90,678
90,902
91,009

26,039
26,252
26,594
27,083
26,934
27,030
27,156
27,052
26,829
26,597

926
932
944
968
976
986
980
9 82
984
984

4,226
4,413
4,662
4,881
4,993
5,048
4,984
4,976
4,879
4,711

20,887
20,907
20,988
21,234
20,965
20,996
21,192
21,094
20,966
20,902

62,168
62,568
€3,077
63,458
62,684
62,643
63,055
63,626
64,073
64,412

5,060
4,989
5,125
5,231
5,200
5,210
5,242
5,244
5,255
5,254

19,690
19,957
20,119
20,222
20*118
20,137
20,260
20,314
20,580
20*932

5,098
5,112
5,146
5,211
5,208
5,211
5,206
5,235
5,251
5,234

14,592
14,845
14,973
15,011
14,910
14,926
15,054
15,079
15,329
15,698

4,870
4,900
4,936
5,003
5,032
5,053
5,002
5,013
5,029
5,041

16,749
16,897
17,039
17,239
17,314
17,312
17,225
17,292
17,281
17,270

15,799
15,825
15,858
15,763
15,020
14,931
15,326
15,763
15,928
15,915

2,740
2,750
2,773
2,824
2,838
2,844
2,751
2,756
2,760
2,770

13,059
13,075
13,085
12,939
12,182
12,087
12,575
13,007
13,168
13,145

89,285 26,031
89,346 25,882
89,774 25,959

982
977
991

4,350 20,699 63,254
4,260 20,645 63,464
4,301 20,667 63,815

1920...
1925...
1926...
1927...
1928...
1929...
1930...
1931...

27,340
28,766
29,806
29,962
29,986
31,324
29,409
26,635

12,760
12,489
12,911
12, 738
12, 618
13, 301
11,958
10,272

1932...
1933...
1934...
1935...
1936...
1937...
1938...
1939...
1940...
1941...

23,615
23,699
25#94C
27,039
29,068
31,011
29, 194
30,603
32,361
36,535

1942...
1943...
1944...
1945...
1946. ..
1947...
1948...
1949...
1950...
1951...

1,239
1,089
1,185
1, 114
1,050
1,087
1,009
873

5,149 20,224
5,124 20,050
5,140 20,112

Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. This inclusion has resulted in an increase of
212,000(0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 1959 benchmark month.




5,211 15,013
5,212 14,838
5,226 14,886

5,040 17,111 15,730
5,044 17,277 15,969
5,060 17,456 16,047

2,763 12,967
2,803 13,166
2,805 13,242

p = preliminary.

73

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls by Industry
[In thousands]
Production workers 1

All employee*
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

TOTAL
PRIVATE SECTOR
MINING

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb. ].
1980

aar.
1980

73,727

58,392

59,108

59,827

59,652

59,961

991

689

695

732

725

734

99.3
23.4
33.4

71.6
19.5
23.0

72.3
19.6
23.3

76.0
19.0
26.0

75.6
18.5
26.0

256.2
253.1

213.0
210.4

214.6
212.0

215.0
212.3

213.5
210.8

314.1

350.1

346.1

94.9
251.2

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Pel).
1980

Mar.
1980

87,331

88,207

89,285

89,346

89,774

71,613

72,408

73,555

73, 377

915

926

982

977

93.7
24.4
30.0

94.5
24.5
30.4

99.8
23.9
33.5

10
101
102

METAL MINING
Iron ores
Copper ores

11, 12
12

COAL MINING
BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE MINING

253.6
250.7

256.6
253.7

257.9
254.9

13
131,2

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas
liquids
Oil and gas field services

454.5

456.0

507.7

506.5

315.4

193.0
261.5

194.3
261.7

210.2
297.5.

210.4
296.1

94. 1
221.3

93.7
220.4

97.6
252.5

NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS . . . .
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals

113.3
36.6
33.2
24.0

118..5
39.4
35.1
24.1

116.3
37.3

114.8
36.3

33.9
24.8

88.6
30.2

93.7
32.8

90.4
30.6

89.3
29.9

34.3
24.8

3,957

4,226

4,350

4,260

3,063

3,322

3,389

3,292

855.8
440. 7.

920.1
476.7

929.9
452.2
48.4
429.3

875.5
419.1
46.1
410.3

588.7
163.0
425.7

571.5
160.1
411.4

14
142
144
147

CONSTRUCTION
15
152
153
154

GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

16
161
162

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

17
171

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing, heating, air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

172
173
174
175
176

MANUFACTURING
24, 25,
32-39
20-23,
26-31

DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS

4,301

,139.5 1,206.9 1,220.7 1,170.9
585.8
618.5
602.0
638.4
78.0
77.3
76.0
79.3
507.1
461.5
524.9
489.2

708.8
186.6
522.2

773.9
215.6
558.3

748.4
204.4
544.0

48.9

734.1
201.7
532.4

\

50.8

366.2

392.6

560.5
148.5
412.0

625.0
176.6
448.4

3,321

1,646.4 1,777.0 1,870.8 1,844.9
413.8
383.0
423.8
389.0
118.3
102.8
119.5
106.5
295.8
327*0
331.8
298.5
290. 1
346.2
338.5
337.8
109.3
106.4
116.5
104.5
106.8
133.1
133.8
127.0

2, 108.8 2,245.6 2,381.1 2,354.6
547.2
558.8
513.9
506.9
145.5
147.0
130.9
126.0
420.6
425.7
384.1
380.5
398.7
405.4
390.6
342.4
139.2
140.7
148.7
141.2
162.8
168.6
166.2
138.5.
20,775

20,887

20,699

20,645

20,667

12,579

12,664

12,525

12,515

12,532

8,196

8,223

8,174

8,130

8,135

737.7
85.0
224.2
183.9
33.5

745.5
83.9

709.2
85.2
220.5

706.8
85.5

702.7

627.3

14,908

14,608

14,641

14,993

14,674

9,018

9,081

8,825

8,808

8,827

5,890

5,912

5,849

5,800

5,814

635.0
68.2
202.7
166.6
29.4
189.2
64.7
43.4
24.7
43.0
39.4
63.3
45.9
72.2

597.1
70.2

594.5
69.9

589.7

196.2
161.5
27.3

194.1
160.2
26.6
170.9
58.8
39.2
23.5
38.8
35.0
54.0
40.9
70.6

402.8
278.2
128.0
83.7
27.7

395.0
271.1
126.3

DURABLE GOODS
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451

249
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Logging camps and Jogging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wooden containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

See footnotes at end of table.

74




223.0
78.9
50.0
27.7
49.9
43.9
76.6
53.6
85.0

226. 7
185.6
33.6
225.0
78.9
51.5
27.6
49.8
44.5
80.0
55.4
85*4

495.2
330t. 1
145.9
101.8
34.3
32.3
47.6

491.8
327.7

26.2
63.8
27.5

26.5
63.4

144.8
101.0
34.1
32.3
47.1
27.1

181.0
31.3

208.9
73.8
47.0
26.8
45.7
39.6
70.4
50.3
84.6

179.7
30.5
207.0
73.2
46.9
26.4
45.4
40.2
70.8
51.6
85.1

484.4
320.2
142.8

316.6

97.6
33.0

97.1
32.2

31.8
47.2
24.7

64.9
27.4

69.1
199.8
164.5
29.4
187.5
64.9
42.0
24.7
43.2
38.9
60.2
44. 1
71.8

218.2

480.1
141.1

31.5

46.7
24.5
65.0
27.3

480.7

406.0
280.6
129.1
84.2
28.0
25.0
38.4
19.7
48.2
19.1

24.9
37.6
20.3
47.9
18.8

172.4
59.2
39
23
39
34.7
53.3
39.7
70.3

80.6
26.9
24.2
37.5
18.4
49.0
19.0

391.5
268.0
124.4
80.3

26.5
24.0
37.1
18.1

49.2
19.1

391.7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]

Production workers1
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Feb.
1979

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades . . .
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and acessories, nee
Ammunition, exc. for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery

680.6
19.1
131.6
73.8
57.8
48.3
32.3
49.7
44.8
196.6
22.7
68.9*
83.7
146.1
29.3
22.9
30.3

Mar.
1979

697.2
21.6
132.1
74.0
58.1
49.2
32.5
50.1
45.4
206.7
24.1
70.9
90.2
147.2
29.6
22.5
30.8

1,244.8 1,251.
568.
564.6
477.
474.4
32.
32.0
246.
245.2
154.
153. 1
23.
23.3
55.
55.2
71.
71.1
35.9
36.
217.
217.1
33.6
33.
35.5
35.
87.9
88.
99.0
99.
56.4
56.

Jan.
1980

680.8
19.3
129.4
69.9
59.5
49.0
32.5
46.8
46.0
199.5
23.0
66.3
88.3
146.3
29.9
21.2
31.3

Feb.
1980

p

677.7
19.5
129.1
70.5
58.6
49.5
32.4
46.2
46.5
195.2
22.3
65.6
85.7
146.5
30.1
21.3
31.2

Mar.
1980

p

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980

1980

p

681.9

534.8
14.9
112.3
64.6
47.7
35.7
26.0
39.0
37.8
150.1
15.7
52*3
64.7
109.2
20.0
17.9

549.0
17.0
113.0
65.1
47.9
36. 1
26.1
39.1
38.2
159.7
17.0
54.2
71.0
109.9
20.2

530.0
15.0
110.2
61.2
49.0
36.4
25.9
35.6
38.2
151.3
15.7
49.8
67.9
107.8
20.5
16.4

526.0
15.2
109.8
61.9
47.9
35.6
25.8
35.0
38.5
148.0
15.1
49.3
65.9
107.8
20.8
16.5

530.8

1,201.6 1,199.1 1,196.9
541.3
540.1
.454.7
454.2
30.1
30.0
222.9
221.2
134.0
131.4
18.9
19.4
55. 1
55.2
71.8
71.7
37.2
36.9
218.5
218.1
32.5
32.5
35.0
35.2
90.1
90.0
96.0
96.6
54.9
55.5

982.5
447.7
377.6
25.3
200.8
127. 8
18.9
44.2
55.3
29.1
159.8
26.8
26.9
65.5
82.3
47.6

988.0
450.8
380.2
25.7
202.2
128.9
18.9
44.3
55.3
29.1
160.3
26.8
27.5
65.4
82.5
47.4

936.8
423.9
357.3
23.2
180.6
110.5
14.6
44.0
55.3
29.8
159.5
24.8
26.8
66.3
78.3
45.6

933.0
422.2
356.4
23.0
179.1
108.3
15.2
44.0
54.8
29.1
158.7
24.8
26.9
66.2
78.6
46.0

931.7

,715.6 1,719.8 1,703.8 1,705.9 1,708.9 1,301.1 1,303.2 1,278.4
77.1
76.0
64.1
76.8
66.8
65.7
78.3
52.6
61.8
55.2
54.3
62.5
63.3
64.3
186.7
145.1
145.8
181.0
180.1
139.9
186.0
65.1
50.4
51.5
65.1
64.5
51.0
64 T 0
83.0
82.4
99.5
105.3
77.2
99.8
105.8
54.8
55.0
76.6
74.7
56.9
76.3
74.4
22.5
22.4
27.8
23.8
29.5
29,0
27.9
23.7
24.2
25.0
36.0
35.5
35.3
34.7
527.2
522.8
509.6
358.8
371.1
358.9
510.4
109.8
102.3
74.2
109.3
79.6
74.3
102.9
60.7
63.6
60.7
85.5
83.9
82.1
82.3
97.2
94.7
97.4
148.3
147.8
149.4
149.0
78.2
83.1
77.9
111.4
110.1
106.3
106.3
22.7
23.5
22.6
32.4
33.0
31.3
31.4
93.7
95.3
94.5
121.4
121.5
119.6
118.9
47.4
48.6
47.8
58.8
58.8
57.4
57.1
46.3
46.7
46.7
62.6
62.7
62.2
61.8
249.8
248.8
276.8
283.2
308.9
309.3
217.5
43.9
44.3
53.6
53.3
55.4
54.9
41.9
98.2
96.8
82.7
89.7
114.8
116.2
65. 1
98.8
98.9
128.7
128.4
127.3
126.8
101.2
88.2
88.5
109.9
109.9
108.2
107.6
89.1
61.0
61.1
74.1
73.7
73.9
73.6
60.7
27.2
27.4
35.8
36.2
34.3
34.0
28.4
42.7
42.6
59.9
59.5
61.3
61.3
40.4
18.4
18.2
26.4
26.1
26.3
18.1
26.3
275.3
275.5
270.4
272.7
201.4
204.1
203.2
105.6
110.2
106.8
73.1
110.2
74.9
73.8
44.1
58.0
58.1
57.4
56.9
45.7
44.6

,282.9 1,283.9
64.9
53.3
138.8
50.3
76.8
56.7
24.2
24.4
368.3
79.4
62.2
94.2
81.9
23.9
95.5
48.6
46.9
225.2
42.0
73.2
100.8
89.4
60.5
28.9
39.9
17.7
204.2
75.1
45.9

2,446.4 2,459.5 2,522.5 2,522.8 2,526.9 1,619.6 1,624.7 1,653.0 1,649.5 1,652.8
138.9
137.6
139.0
135.0
91.0
90.7
90.6
88.4
40.3
42.6
40.2
42.4
22. 1
22.1
20.4
20.3
97.3
94.8
96.3
96.6
68.9
68.6
68.1
70.2
171.7
170.6
177.9
175.5
125.8
127.4
123.0
121.0
156.4
150.5
154. 1
149.5
110.0
111.9
107.6
105.8
403.7
416.6
417.5
400.7
269.0
270.4
276.4
276.6
175.4
169.8
170.5
174. 8
120.3
120.6
115.4
115.7

See footnotes at end of table.




75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricuttural payrolls by Industry—Continued
[In thousands]

Production workers1
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1960

Feb.
1980

p

Mar.
1980

n
p

Feb.
1979

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL—Continued
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599

Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyers and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
'.
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee

37.7
83.0
36.1
38.1

363.2
76.6
26.2
134.7
65.8
35.1
205.7
47.5

26.7
40.5
325.5
61.3

59.6

31.1
41.7

26.8
24.7
368.6
293.9
192.7
135.2
275.5

43.9
231.6

38.3

83.9
36.1
38.7

364.3
77.5
26.4
135.7

65.2
34.6
207.1
47.5

26.9

40.4
91.3
38.1
41.6
377.2
82. 1
27.7
134.6
70.1
38.4
213.3
49.1
27.4

40.8

43.9
332.7

61.5
60.2
30.7
41.8
27.1

61.2
61.4
31.0
43.0
28.4
24.1
403.3
326.6
185.2
128.3

326.9

24.9
371.3

296.4
192.9
135.4

276.5
44.4
232.1

264.9
44.4
240.5

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

2 , 071.0 2,082.6 2,144.

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles

2,062.

See footnotes at end of table.

76




122.6
55.7
66.9
257.1
139.5
69.0
177.1
42.4
22.8
50.1
226.6
38.1
95.6
23.0
27.5
112.3
90.2
514.7
152.9
361.8
492.3
42.4
182.5
196.3
168.3
32.2
79.2

1,013.

456.
49.
473.
34.
581.
324.
143.
114.
212.
157.
55.
68.

96.
76.

123.1
55.8

122.

67.3

66.
261.
136.
73.
173.
37.

258.3
139.9
70.0
176.5
42.3

22.6
49.7

228.3
38.3

95.9
23.0

28,1
111.1
89.0
518.8
155.6

363.0
497.8
42.7
185.2
198. 1
168.7
32.1

79.0

56.

23.
50.
228.
. 38.
101.
22.
26.
109.
89.
548.
166.
381.
539*
45.
205,
212
162.
32,
68.

40.5
92.7
37.4
41.2
378.7
82.4
27.7
134.5
70.7

38.9
213.7

49.3
27.6
44.0
331.9
61.4
61.8
31.0
42.7
28.4
23.4
405.6

328.6
185.3
127.4
284.5
43.5
241.0

24.1
58.0
21.6
26.3
265.8
50.0
17.3
108.2
46.8
26.5
129.9
29.7
18.8
24.3
218.0
37.7
46.6
18.4
26.2
18.5
18.3
168.4

124.4
137.5
97.4
214.2
35.0
179.2

Mar.
1979

24.6
58.0
21.6
26.8

266.2
50.5
17.4
109.2
46.0
26.1
129.7
29.8
18.9
24.4
218.7
37.8
47.0
17.9
26.3
18.6
18.4

169.2
125.5
137.6
97.6
214.8
35.4
179.4

56.3
69.6

96.4
76.5

158.5
127.7
210.1
164.1
46.0
72.2
102.9

80.9

25.8
62.4
22.1
28.3
274.9
52.9
18.2
107.9
49.5
30.1
134.4
31.0
19.3
26.5
221.8
37.4
48.7
18.5
26.4
19.6
17.4
181.6
136.9
130.2
91.0
220.1
35.5
184.6

Feb.
1980 P

Mar.
1980

25.9
63.4
21.4
27.9
275.4
53.0
18.2
107.4
49.9
30.5
135.5
31.3
19.6
26.9
220.1
37.6
48.5
18.5
26.0
19.5
16.8
182.3
137.6
130.4
90.3
219.8
34.6
185.2

2,139.2 2,139.5 1,362.1 1,369.9 1,392.4 1,385.5 1,385.3
85.8
86.8
88.6
88.2
121.2
39.4
40.0
40.1
39.9
55.6
46.4
46.8
48.1
48.7
65.6
186.7
186.9
187.4
186.3
260.7
102.8
103.4
107*0
106.2
136,0
46.6
46.6
45.4
44.8
73.2
137.1
136.8
138.6
138.9
172.7
30.5
30.7
33 r 8
33.8
37.5
18^7
19.0
17.9
17.8
23.6
39.5
40.1
38.9
39.3
49.2
169.4
171.4
173.9
172.5
226.7
33.3
34,4
34.0
33.9
37.7
69.6
70.5
67.7
67.7
100.4
16.2
16.4
17.0
16.9
22.4
20.5
20.5
22.0
21.3
26.5
78.1
79.8
82.4
82.5
108.3
62.6
64.1
64.9
65*3
88.9
274.8
274.1
258.6
254. 1
54 9.8
117.6
116.9
109.0
106.1
167.3
157.2
157. 2
149.6
148.0
382.5
338.4
338.3
314.5
313.1
540.8
28.4
28.4
27.7
27.7
45.2
96.5
96.6
88.0
87.7
206.6
151.9
151.4
141.0
140.2
212.4
115.2
118.3
126.1
126.3
159.0
22,9
25.6
25.6
25.7
29.6
51.5
51.9
62.1
62.3
68.1

2,083.9 1,943.6 1,946.0 1,947.8 1,428.6 1,448.1
808.9
791.5
844.3
845.7
1,032.1
352.2
338.4
366.3
361.7
470.6
39.9
40.2
44.9
44.6
49.6
389.2
385.4
402.9
407.9
477.2
27.6
27.5
30.2
31.5
34.7
319.4
315.4
643-. 2
640.8
587.6
162.1
356.0
160.3
354.6
327.6
144.4
115.6
212.6
156.3

Jan.
1980

158.0
129.2
211.0
164.9
46.1
71.1
103.4
81.4

82.0
73.1
170.1
123.9

46.2
53.1
30.9

22.6

83.2
74.1
170.0
123.5

46.5
53.8
30.6
22.2

,292.3 1,290.9 1,295.9
624.8
627.3
248.2
35.1
320.0
24.0
354.1
180.2

92.3
81.6
167.9
130.0
37.9
56.3
33.0
24.1

251.2
35.3
315.5
22.8
355,1
180.1
91.7
83.3
168.6
130.5
38.1

54.9
33.4
24.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
All employees
1972
SIC
Code

Feb.
1979

379
3792

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT—Continued
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS.
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

39

3961
399
3993

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products

21
211

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills

391
3911
393
394
3942,4

3949

Production workort

Industry

Mar.
1979

Mar.
1960 P

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980 P

Mar.1980 P

51.7
37.0

37.5
23.3

37.8
23.6

420.0
35.6
144.8
33.0
27.8
56.7
16.5
98.3
42.3
43.9
32.7
68.9
23.2

420.3
35.8
144.8
32.5
27.8
57.2
16.6
98.0
42;. 2

422.8
38.0
147.5
32.2
27.8
58.7
18.5
99.5
43.2
45.2
33.3
66.6
19.4

428.6

43.7
32.9
69.2
23.0

421.5
37.9
147.6
32.3
27.6
58.9
18.4
98.7
42.7
44.9
33.2
67.0
18.7

336.4
44.8
28.3
20.5
84.0
37.9
46.1
29.0
50.3
28.1
107.8
35.4

340.4
44.1
27.7
20.6
87.6
39.9
47.7
29.8
51.0
28.5
107.3
35.1

328.5
41.4
26.2
19.5
84.1
36.7
47.4
30.7
45.2
24.5
107.6
36.1

331.2
40.1
25.0
19.3
87.0
38.8
48.2
31.2
45.0
23.9
108.6
35.2

336.2

,666.9 1,650.5 1,636.4 1,623.9 1,119.2 1,129.8 1,122.1 1,107.4
352.7
358.8
359.1
291.2
291.1
297.4
298.0
165.1
166.5
165.0
134.6
135.3
134.5
134.2
68.4
69.4
68.5
50.1
50.8
50.7
50.2
110.6
110.9
103.2
94.2
93.3
101.0
100.2
177.6
178*1
18C.3
94.5
94.5
94.4
94.0
31.4
31.6
31.3
24.8
24.4
24.2
24.1
114.5
115.8
113.6
50.3
49.7
49.9
49.6
198.6
219.8
196.3
175.8
170.6
156.4
158.2
25.9
26*1
24.8
17.5
18.1
17.7
18.6
67.4
63.4
63.8
52.5
50.4
53.1
50.8
52.4
41.7
41.5
35.6
45*5
35.3
41.0
98.6
143.2
145.2
144.6
99.0
99.0
100.0
16.0
26.1
26.5
26. 1
16.3
16..4
16.5
38.1
58.7
59.6
38.9
38.4
37.8
38.9
230.4
232.4
233.7
135. 1
133.8
136.4
135.1
187.6
188.6
190.2
101.3
100.6
101.9
101.1
42.8
43.8
43-5
33.8
33.2
34.5
34.0
105.3
108.3
107.0
82.3
79.7
80.8
82.6
28.1
29.6
30.5
22.6
20.2
21.5
21.5
57.1
58.0
57.0
45.7
45.5
45.6
46.4
39.7
40.3
40.5
29.7
29.0
29.5
29.8
220.7
223.4
225.2
103.0
98.4
105.4
101.6
48.2
49.2
49.1
32.4
31.5
33.8
33.4
134.5
135.3
133.9
46. 1
45.3
46.7
45.8
164.4
165. 1
163. 1
113.9
120.1
117.2
122.4

1,095.9

68.1

46.5

680.2
69.4

683.2
70.1
225.2
46.9
51.0
89.0
30.0
146.6
63.2
65.4
44.8

146.0
62.7
65.5
44.5

Feb.
198C P

54.1
39.9

71.6

50.6

224.5
47.6
50.9
87.7
29.7

Jan.
1980

135.9
30.2

136.9
29.6

444.8
61.2
39.6
25.0
111.7
52.9
58.8
40.2
62.7
34.6
144.0
49.1

449.0
60.7
39.1
25.2
115.5
55.1
60.4
40.9
63.1
35.0
143.6
48.7

52.1
30.1

53.0
30.8

698.9
761. 1
231.8
46.0
52.2
94.0
33.2
151.0
65.9
67.9
45.9
135.9
25.0

700.6
76.4
231.6
45.9
52.4
93.8
33.4
152.0
66.1
68.7
46.0
135.5
25.7

704.6

435.9
57.5
36.5
23.7

437.2
55.8
35.1
23.1
115.0
53.8
61.2
43.5
56.8
30.5

442.2

112.6
52.2
60.4
43.0
56.8
30.8
142.3
49.6

143.0
48.7

NONDURABLE GOODS

1,658.1
353.4
168.0

69.3
102.5
179.7
31.2
115.7
215.0
25.5
68.1
48.2
144.9
26.0
59.5
232.1
189.4
42.7
108.7
32.0
57.0
40.7

222.9
48.0
132.9
160.7

66.4
44.3

64.4
44.0

65.1
43.3

63.3
42.9

60.6

52.8
34.6

50.9
34.2

51.2
33.4

49.4
33.0

46.8

896.4

894.4
150.8
125.1
21.5
25.9
230.8
29.8
34.7
73.5
34.3

887.4
153.5
124.2

887.7
153.2
123.5

889.9

779.8
135.3
112.3
17.9
22.7
197.4
26.7
31.5
61.6
29.4

778.3
136.0
112.6
17.9
22.8
198.7

775.2
138.1
111.7
17.3

775.4
138.1
110.8
17.4
22.4
202.0
27.7
31.6

776.5

150.0
125.5
21.4

25.9
229.9
29.9
34.5
72.9
34.1

20.9
25.5
227.6
30.3
34.4
72.9
32.9

20.9
25.3
231.7
30.5

34.6
76.4
33.0

26.6
31*7

62.5
29.5

22.6
197.8
27.5
31.3
62.1
28.7

65.7
pa 6

See footnotes at end of table.




77

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls by Industry—Continued

Production workers1

All employees
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Feb.
1979

2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS—Continued
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing except wool
Finishing plants cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills.
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats.
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
.
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
. . . .
.
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes . . .
Sanitary food containers

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books . . .
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commerical printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services...

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2844

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins.
Organic fibers noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations. . .
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals

2842,3
285

286

See footnotes at end of table.

78




33.7
79.2
33.5
29.4
62.6
131.9
89.1
21.9
70.0

War.
1979

33.6
78.7
33.4
29. 1
62.3
130.0
87.4
21.5
69.3

Jan.
1980

32.7
77.3
32.3
28.9
59.0
132.8
90.3
21.1
66.6

Feb.
1980P

33.0
76.9
31.7
28.9
58.4
131.5
89.4
21.0
66.3

War.
1980 P

_

_

Feb.
1979

27.6
66.7
28.1
24.9
51.1
120.0
82.3
19.5
56.4

War.
1979

27.5
66.4
28.0
24.7
50.8
117.8
80.5
19.1
55.9

Jan.
1980

27.8
65.4
27.1
24.5
48.3
120.6
83.6
18.5
53.4

Feb.
1980p

28.2
64.9
26.5
24.4
47.5
119.2
82.6
18.3
53.1

Mar.
1980p

:
-

1,320.6 1,326.6 1,284.4 1,306.8 1,317.3 1,131.3 1,134.6 1,093.9 1,114.7 1,124.7
73.1
71.9
75.5
77.8
• 83.2
84.3
89.0
88.6
319.7
313.4
315.5
312.3
368.3
373.0
362.7
363.7
91.4
90.6
91.2
92.1
104. 1
104.9
105.9
104.9
69.4
69.0
69.8
68.8
80.5
79.8
79.1
79.7
89.3
89.8
83.4
83.4
107.0
106.3
98.3
98.5
363.8
374.5
384.1
388.0
436.9
425.3
446.6
450.8
51.4
55.0
50.1
54.9
57.7
59.3
62.4
62.6
150.5
147.6
153.0
171.4
149.8
168.6
171.1
174.2
47.5
49.8
55.0
56.5
58.4
55.5
64.4
65.8
118.6
122.8
123.6
124.3
147.8
143.5
148.7
148.2
_
74.7
75. 1
76.0
76.0
88.7
88.0
89.6
89.5
60.3
60.0
60.8
60.8
69.9
69.4
70.5
70.5
14.8
14.7
15.2
15.2
18.8
19.0
18.6
19.1
57.3
58.6
55.8
66.9
58.3
65.1
67.7
67.5
22.4
22.1
23.3
23.0
24.6
25.7
25.0
25.9
45.5
47.0
54.7
49. 1
49.8
53.1
57.1
58.1
156.4
152.1
156.8
150.9
188.7
183.0
183.3
188.2
26.3
26.1
30.7
30.6
25.7
25.5
29.4
29.3
43.9
43.1
41.0
41.6
51.4
52.3
49.6
50.1
26.7
25.6
31.5
32.7
31.0
31.7
37.9
37.3

. . .

. . . .

530.9
145.2
123.3
56.0
162.6
35.8
19.3
40.4
167.1
37.0
80.1
23.5

535.0
148.3
125.5
56.3
163.5
35.2
19.4
40.6
166.9
37.1
80.0
23.8

539.0
150.4
126.6
56.9
165.3
39.7
19.6
41.4
166.4
36-5
80.3
23.4

538.8
149.4
125.8
56.8
167.0
39.5
20.0
41.2
165.6
36.8
79.3
23.6

540.0
_
_
_
-

1,225.7 1,229.5 1,269.5 1,274.0 1,277.4
429.5
415.4
416.0
428.4
84.4
85.5
81.4
81.5
106.3
106.3
102.8
103.5
_
75.8
76.2
74.0
73.6
•
30.5
29.2
29.5
30.1
49.9
49.9
48.3
48.2
424.5
420. 1
408.0
406.0
172.7
172.6
175.1
172.5
224.0
226.0
213.1
211.1
_
50.0
50.0
47.1
47.2
65.6
65.9
62.5
62.3
41.4
41.5
40.5
40.7

691.6
166.0
14.2
53.1
28.3
24.8
30.5
300. 1
127.2
154.2
33.5
51.5
29.5

695.3
166.4
14.0
54.5
29.4
25.1
30.0
302.1
127.2
156.5
33.7
51.7
29.7

716.2
171.2
13.8
55.4
29.6
25.8
29.8
312. 1
127.4
165.4
35.7
54.5
30.8

719.5
170.8
14.3
55.6
30.2
25.4
29.5
316.1
129.6
167.3
35.6
54.4
30.7

722.5

1,099.7 1,103.9 1,113.9 1,114.3 1,117.1
175.4
175.6
170.0
169.3
113.6
113.4
110.0
110.5
216.5
214.2
215.6
215.4
84.3
84.4
83.8
83.8
96.8
96.7
95.6
94.4
187.4
187.8
193.7
193.7
150.3
155.1
154.8
150.1
137.2
135.5
136.0
136.1
41.1
40.2
39.5
41.2
54.8
54.5
55.7
54.1
41.3
40.8
40.8
40.8
68.8
67.7
67.7
68.2
164.8
164.8
165.1
166.1
-

631.5
93.6
60.4
147.2
52.0
69.8
92.4
71.2
82.2
26.6
32.9
22.7
35.3
86.0

633.9
93.7
60.7
147.2
52.0
69.9
92.1
70.5
83.1
26.7
33.6
22.8
35.8
85.9

637.6
95.7
63.0
147.3
51.2
68.7
97.3
75.3
81.6
25.9
33.1
•22.6
34.3
86.6

635.6
95.1
62.6
145.2
51.3
67.8
96.1
74.7
82.7
25.6
34.5
22.6
34.2
86.4

643.6

703.4
194.3
166.3
70.6
222.6
58.1
24.6
51.8
215.9
46.4
107.9
28.2

708.8
197.8
168.9
70.7
224.6
58.5
24.7
52.1
215.7
46.6
107.8
28.5

711.8
199.9
170.3
72.7
223.2
60.7
24.8
53.0
216.0
46.1
108.6
28.4

710.1
198.8
169.5
72.4
224.3
60.1
25.2
52.7
214.6
46.4
107.2
28.5

710.1
•
-

-

_
:
_

-

_

-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricuttural payrolls by industry—Continued
[InthouMndi]
Production workers1
1972
SIC
Cod*

Industry

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980

1980

Feb.
1979

liar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980 P

Mar.
1980

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Cont'd
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals,
nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

37.3

37.4

37.4

38.4

23.8

23.8

23.4

23.7

127.5
67.9
90.4

127.4
69.5
90.4

127.7
70.1
89.7

127.7
71.1
90.1

62.2
43.8
51.0

62.1
45.1
51.0

63.2
44.3
50.5

62.7
44.9
51.0

29
291
295

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS.
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

206.4
163.7
31.3

208.3
164.7
32.2

213.1
171.5
30.5

162.3
119.5
30.3

161.7

134.4
103.6
23.9

135.6
104.1.
24.6

136.7
106.8
23.2

86.0
54.8
23.1

86.5

30
301
302
303,4

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS . .
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear

773.8
129.5
24.3

774.4
129.8
24.0

742.2
114.1
22.5

737.4
111.2
22.5

738.4

608.9
94.4
21.4

608.8
94.6
20.9

577.8
81.6
19.7

572.5
78.4
19.8

575.2

Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

23.7
117.4
478.9

23.7
116.7
480.2

22.1
109.5
474.0

21.7
108.3
473.7

17.9
92.6
382.6

17.9
92.3
383.1

15.7
85.3
375.5

15.3
64.2
374.8

245.1
20.9
150.8
60.2
61.0
17.1
31.6

245.7
20.9
150.5
60.4
60.2
17.5
32.2

236.1
19.0
147.3
56.8
62.9
14.9
31.0

23 7..8
19.2
148.4
56.5
62.5
14.8
32.0

238.1

209.3
17.6
130.5
52.9
52.3
13.4
26.7

209.8
17.7
129.8
52.8
51.5
13.9
27.4

199.3
15.8
125.4
48.9
53.1
11.6
26.3

200.6
16.0
126.1
48.5
52.5
11.4
27.4

202.1

5,028

5,060

5,149

5,124

5,140

4,204

4,232

4,293

4,271

4,292

248.2
66.4

248.5
66.2

251.3
68.2

251.0
68.7

31.1

31.2

34.7

34.0

2865
2861,9

306
307
31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic . . .
Women's footwear, except athletic . .
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods. .

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES
40
4011

RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION
Class I railroads2.

526.6
485.7

530.7
489.5

526.7
484.1

524.1
481.5

411
412
413
415

LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER
TRANSIT
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses

268.9
71.5
67.0
34.0
83.1

269.4
71.5
66.4
34.1
83.8

272.9
75.2
64.7
37.6
81.9

272.1
75.3
64.4
36.9
81.2

42
421,3
422

TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

44

WATER TRANSPORTATION

213.8

209.4

220.6

210.8

45
451.2

TRANSPORTATION BY AIR.
Air transportation

420.2
375.8

423.6
378.9

436.2
389.4

434.4
387.3

PIPE LINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS . .
TRANSPORTATION SERVICES
48
481
483

COMMUNICATION
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting .

49
491

ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

492
493
495

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
50,51

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507

WHOLESALE TRADE
WHOLESALE TRADE - DURABLE GOODS . .
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment . .
Furniture and home furnishing
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods . . . .
Metals and minerals, except petroleum . . . .
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment

1,332.9 1,351.2 1,335.2 1,323.4
1,245.0 1,263.8 1,239.6 1,22^.8
87.4
95.6
87.9
93.6

19.4

19.1

18.7

18.7

178.0

179.0

.190.9

193.3

1,179.4 1,196.6 1,171.4 1,158.5
1,104.0 1,121.8 1,088.9 ,078.1
75.4
80.4
75.0
82.5

1,278.5 1,283.9 1,331.6 1,329.7
1,022.3 1,025.7 1,059.8 1,055.8
188.5
200.3
187.3
199.5
793.9
815.7
817.5
789.7
365.7
380.7
382.1
363.5
165.7
165.5
165.3
165.1
192.9
196.8
197.3
192.5
45.4
47.9
47.9
45.0

13.8

13.5

13.3

13.3

966.1
756.4
148.9

969.8
758.0
150.3

994.6
770.8
160.9

991.1
765.2
161.8

643.6
292.9
134.8
156.7
39.8

646.2
294.5
135.1
156.5
40.2

663.6
307.2
134.9
159.1
41.9

665.6
309.1
134.6
159.4
42.0

19#548

19,69 0

20,224

20,050

20,112

17,170

17,292

17,749

17,581

17,621

5,067

5,098

5,211

5,212

5,226

4,160

4,188

4,271

4,269

4,279

2,969
430.3
104.2
178.2
64.9
148.3
402.5
234.9

2,993
433.3
104.9
180.3
62.9
150.0
405.1
235.7

3,088
433.7
106.9
184.6
65.3
156.0
426.2
243.7

3,089
428.4
107.8
184.6
64.4
156.8
426.8
243.5

2,432
351.4
84.8
147.8
53.6
120.4
330.7
194.3

2,455
353.8
85.4
149.3
51.9
121.9
333.4
195.7

2,533
352.8
87.5
153.2
53.9
126.5
348.6
202.1

2,531
348.0
88.1
152.7
52.9
127.4
348.9
202.3

See footnotes at end of table.




79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
Production workers 1

All employees
1972
SIC
Code

508
509
51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

Industry

Feb.
1979

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE GOODS—
Continued
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

RETAIL TRADE

1,204.9
200.9

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980 p

Mar.
1980 p

1,216,4 1,260.5 1,263.9
204.4
211.5
212.3

2,098
137.5
140.2
165.8
636.6
115.8
227.5
133.6
392.8

2,105
138.0
140.2
167.5
638.6
1V6.2
225.9
134.3
398.0

2,123
142.0
146.9
171.0
634.3
119.1
224.9
138.8
404.2

2,123
141.5
146.4
172.6
634.2
119.6
223.0
138.5
408*2

14,481

14,592

15,013

14,838

596.9
317.2
142.1

610.3
321.3
143.0

610.2
328.3
149.5

606.9
323.8
148.3

14,886

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980 p

979.6
169.3

990.9
173.0

1,728
110.9
120.5
131.6
548.7
83.2
170.8
113.0
325.6

1,733
111.3
120.5
132.9
550.7
83.8
167.8
113.7
329.2

1,738
115. 1
125.3
136.1
545.3
87.3
163.4
117.4
330.8

1,738
115.1
124.5
137.5
545.5
88.1
162.8
116.3
334.5

13,010

13,104

13,478

13,312

507.1
270.9
122.0

520.0
274.9
122,7

517.2
279.4
128.8

513.6
274.8
127.3

1,028.7 1,030.0
180.0
180.2

521
525

BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN
SUPPLIES
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

53
531
533
539

GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

2,211.5 2,189.6 2,326.4 2,200.1
1,798.5 1,777.3 1,896.5 1,790.2
275.9
280.3
275. 1
264.0
137.1
149.6
137.2
145.9

2,058.5 2,036.6 2,167.7 2,041-8
1,685.5 1,664.0 1,779.6 1,675.7
255.3
259.1
241.8
254.5
117.7
118. 1
129.0
124.3

54
541
542
546

FOOD STORES
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioners
Retail bakeries

2,243.3 2,251.9 2,328.1 2,333.4
1,966.0 1,976.2 2,056.0 2,055.1
52.7
53.5
53.0
52.6
125.4
125.1
122.5
124.4

2,069.5 2,077.2 2,147.6 2,152.7
1,816.2 1,825.6 1,899.3 1,897.9
112.9

115.2

55
551.2
553
554

AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS AND SERVICE
STATIONS
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

1,863.7 1,866.2 1,771.3 1,754.2
910.2
905.7
851.6
858.3
252.9
251.9
252.0
258.1
617.1
623.7
559.4
565.8

1,596.7
755.2
219.4
552.1

1,597.2
758.4
220.9
544.9

56
561
562
565
566

APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES
Men's and boys'clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

901.4
138.8
343.6
163.6
170.5

907.0
137.4
350.1
164,7
171.4

954.9
147.2
361.3
185.1
173.4

918.1
139.9
347.0
176.8
169.4

776.4
117.7
299.4
143.2
142.2

781.1
116.6
304.7
144.0
143.0

822.7
125.3
314.7
162.8
143.7

786.1
118.3
300.2
154.3
139.8

FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHINGS
STORES
Furniture and home furnishings
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

608.9
363.2
89.5

612.6
365.8
90.0

365.8
88.2

508.6

156.2

156.8

618.1
368.3
89.5
160.3

613.7

571
572
573

307.1
76.8
124.7

511.4
307.8
76.8
126.8

508.4
305.8
75.7
126.9

3,962.5

59
591
592
594
596
598
599

113.7

1,503.4 1,486.2
708.2
701.4
224.1
218.1
495.0
488.2

159.7

EATING AND DRINKING PLACES

4,208.2 4,316.3 4,487.8 4,505.4

3,865.5

MISCELLANEOUS RETAIL
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1,847.5 1,838.2 1,916.1 1,906.5
494.7
527.5
498. 1
516.9
128.4
126.9
141.4
138.8
548.3
552.5
581.4
584.0
268.0
264.4
255.4
260.6
110.1
106.8
106.8
107.6
245.2
235.9
251.1
238.2

1,632.0 1,620.3 1,686.2 1,678.2
454.1
482.4
450.9
469.7

4,845

4,870

5,040

5,044

1,463.2 1,468.0 1,521.5 1,521.7
1,335.2 1,339.6 1,388.2 1,387.9

60
602

BANKING
Commercial and stock savings banks

61
612
614

CREDIT AGENCIES OTHER THAN BANKS ••
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

535.9
230.2
205.6

539.6
231.8
207.6

558.7
244.9
213.2

561.4
245.0
215.9

62
621

SECURITY, COMMODITY BROKERS, AND
SERVICES
Security brokers and dealers

199.4
160.8

200.3
161.3

213.5
170.7

210.2
166.2

63
631

INSURANCE CARRIERS
Life insurance

See footnotes at end of table.

80




1,200.0 1,204.4 1,228.9 1,230.6
521.4
528.1
522.3
528.9

5,060

13,342

115.5

504.4
305. 1
76.1
123.2

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL
ESTATE ?

Mar.
198Cp

4,122. 1 4,145.3

470.9
252.4
94.5
209.2

473.8
248.3
91.3
199.4

498.5
245.7
91. 1

497.4
240.1

199.5

214.5

3,679

3,703

3,802

3,812

90.0

1,135.9 1,138.8 1,174.1 1,173.4
1,031.5 1,034.3 1,065.6 1,064.8
411.4
178.3
156.9

414.5
179.6
158.7

427.3
188.6
163.2

428.5
187.7
164.9

837.5
311.8

84 5.9
312.9

853.7
314.8

860.2
316.8

3,820

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
Production workers1

All employees
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Feb.
1S79

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980p

632
633

INSURANCE CARRIERS—Continued
Medical service and health insurance .
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance .

137.9
466.9

138.1
470.0

139.3
.487.6

139.5
489.6

65
651
653
655

INSURANCE AGENTS, BROKERS, AND
SERVICE
REAL ESTATE
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers .
Subdividers and developers

423.2
891.1
417.2
331.6
118.5

424.8
900.5
.422.6
334.8
119.3

444.8
934.2
442.1
345.0
122.8

443.2
937.9
445.6
346.5
122.2

27.2

27.2

26.9

27.0

COMBINED REAL ESTATE, INSURANCE, ETC
HOLDING AND OTHER INVESTMENT OFFICES.
SERVICES..

104.9

111.1

112.3

16,545

16,749

17,111

17,277

955.8
921.9

973.3
936.0

978.0
938.7

914.1

905.1
350.5
269.8
72.9

910.4
346.0

70
701

HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

927.8
893.7

72
721
723
726

PERSONAL SERVICES
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services .
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories

908.4
352.9

73
731
732
733
734
736
737

BUSINESS SERVICES
Advertising
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, stenographic . . .
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Computer and data processing services

75
753

AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES . .

278.5
70.5

105. 1

354.8
282.7
71.2

Mac.
198C P

17,456

266.2
72.5

2,713.1 2,747.4 2,895.3 2,891.0
145.5
144.S
151.6
151.9
76.2
75.9
72.0
71.8
105.3
102.8
107.0
107.1
461. 1 497.6
452.6
491.2
466.3
450.7
485.5
486.8
248.8
246.0
271.5
274.9

565.7
351.4

576.2
356.7

Feb.
1979

AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES .

111.0
361.2

111.9
367.8

112.0
373.4

14,679

14,871

15,188

15,363

823.9

851.2

857.5

861.8

313.5
256.7

315.8
261.2

312.4
249.9

308.4
246.3

406.2

414.0

451.1

202.1

204.8

225.2

228.9

564.8
346.1

485.4
299.8

495.6
305.3

486.5
300.2

483.1
293.8

269.3

272.3

289.6

289.5

230.7

232.9

249.6

248.9

204. 1
81.1
111.7

207.8
81.2
115.4

205.3
82.4
112.3

198.7
79.2

181.0
70.4

185.2
71.0

108.9

180.5
69.7

174.5
66.8

651.5

686.4

635.5

650.6

583.4

617.9

567.0

585.8

4, 939.8 4,961.0 5,178.7 5,201.4
697.4
700.4
734.1
735.3
307.6
310.6
329.9
329.0
949.7
955.4 1,019.4 1,021.1
2,609.9 2,617.3 2,701.0 2,715.3

801
802
805

82
821
822

EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities

1,110.3 1,116.8 1,060.2 1,137.7
235.7
246.7
235.9
248.1
760.2
695. 1
765.3
769.0

SOCIAL SERVICES

1,016.0 1,031.9 1,038.5 1,052.1

MEMBERSHIP ORGANIZATIONS . .

1,551.6 1,563.7 1,589.0 1,614.7

891
893

MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

GOVERNMENT 4 ..
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. . .
Executive
Department of Defense
Postal Service
Other executive agencies
Manufacturing activities
Shipbuilding

449.0

450.9

472.5

15,532

4,398. 1 4,416.0 4,617.0 4,639.5
571.9
572.9
599.4
598.3
268.2
270.9
285.9
285.3
855.4
920.7
861.1
918.9
2,383.8 2,390.1 2,473.6 2,488.8

474.8

482.3
298.6

920.9
487.9
301.6

975,1
529.1
306.9

985.9
529.8
314.7

15,718

15,799

15,730

15,969

16,047

2,738

2,740

2,763

2,803

2,805

911.5

Mar.
19 flip

445.1

568.7
352.9

HEALTH SERVICES . . . .
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
LEGAL SERVICES .

Feb.
1980p

111.0
354.0

MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES
MOTION PICTURES
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters

Jan.
1980

2,354.1 2,384.4 2,524.1 2,523.8
106.9
107.4
113.6
114.9

Automotive repair shops

78
781
783

Mar.
1979

386.2

386.9

404.1

406.8

757.7
406.2
242.7

765.9
411.6
244.9

809.7
446. 1
246.3

821.4
448.6
255.2

2,686.3 2,688.3 2,709.1 2,749.5
892.0
885.1
895.0
885.4
655.4
656.7
£55.9
655-2
1,136.1 1,140.9 1,168.1 1,207.4
122.0
121.6
122.5
121.5
71.2
71.7
71.8
71.3

See footnotes at end of table.




81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by Industry-Continued
[InthouMndi]
All #inployo6$
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Feb.
1979

Executive—Continued
Transportation and public utilities, except
Postal Service
Services
Hospitals
Legislative . . .
Judicial
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
State government . .
Hospitals . . .
State education
General administration including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government . .
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
Local education . .
General administration including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions

Bar.
1979

Jan.
1980

51.2
378.0
221.7
38.9
13.1

50.8
378.5
228.9
39.5
14.1

51.2
378.1
232.5
39.5
14.1

12,980

13,059

12,967

13,166

82



Mar.
1980 P

-

1979

Bar.
1979

-

-

-

Jan.
1980

—
-

Feb.
1980 P

Mar.
1980 P

-

-

-

-

13,242

3,494.1 3,514.1 3,449.0 3,543.2
562.2
563.0
565.9
565.8
1,458.3 1,470.6 1,382.6 1,476.2
908.4
906.7
898.7
903.3
9,485.7 9,544.5 9,518.2 9,622.6
594.7
594.9
579.0
577.0
538.5
522.0
535.7
521.0
5,346.4 5,384.3 5,321.7 5,419.0
2,701.8 2,717.9 2,724.2 2,727.5

Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to civilian employment only and

exclude Central Intelligence and National Security Agencies.

1980 P

50.1
377.1
222.1
38.5
13.0

Data relate to production and related workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction
workers in construction; and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
3
Beginning January 1978, data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of S50,000,000
or more.
3
Data for nonoffIce sales agenti excluded from noniupervisory count for all terlei In t h l i diviilon.
4

Production workers'

* Not available,
p - preliminary.

-

-

-

-

-

-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricuttural payrolls by industry
[In thousands]
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

TOTAL
PRIVATE SECTOR..
MINING

Dec.
1978

Jan.
1979

Nov.
1979

Dec.
1979

Jan.
1980

36,759

36,041

38,026

38,252

37,552

29,380

28,744

30,350

30,580

29,965

82

83

95

96

96

10

METAL MINING .

7.2

7.3

8.4

8.5

8.5

11,12

COALMINING . . . .

8.7

8.8

9.7

9.6

10.0

13
131.2

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
Crude petroleum, natural gas. and natural
gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

14

142
144

NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel

CONSTRUCTION
15
152
153
154

GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

16
161
162

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS

17
171
172
173

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS . . .
Plumbing, heating, air conditioning . .
Painting, paper hanging, decorating . .
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering. .
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

174
175
176

Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

MANUFACTURING . .
24, 25.
32-39
20-23.
26-31

58.2

58.7

67.9

68.2

68.3

37.4
20.8

37.8
20.9

43.6
24.3

44.1
24.1

44.2
24.1
9.2
2.6

8.3
2.5
2.6

8. 1
2.4
2.5

9.4
2.7
3.2

9.4
2.7
3.1

343

344

390

388

124.9
74.7
16.7
33.5

126.5
75.8
16.7
34.0

140.9
84.2
17.9
38.8

140.9
84.4
17.4
39.1

49.0
13.0
36.0

46.6
12.0
34.6

56.5
17.9
36.6

53.2
15.9
37.3

137.6
82.0
16.8
38.8
51.6
14.8
36.8

169*5
45.3
11.2
29.8
19.5
15.0
11.4

170.7
45.5
11.2
29.8
20.4
14.3
11.8

192.3
50.9
12.8
33.1
22.7
16.8
13.7

193.9
51.0
12.8
33.6
23.5
16.5
14.1

196.8
51.5
12.9
34.0
24.6
16.3
14.3

6,397

6,336

6,545

6,498

6,435

3.0
386

DURABLE GOODS

3,021

3,005

3,133

3,125

3,101

NONDURABLE GOODS

3,376

3,331

3,412

3,373

3,334

249

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Wooden containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

110.8
4.7
21.7
14.9
45.7
7.0
10.7
21.0

109.2
4.8
21.6
14.6
44.8
7.1
10.2
20.7

113.5
5.2
22.2
15.2
46.1
7. 1
10.9
22.0

111.0
5.2
22.1
15.2
45.2
7.0
9.9
21.6

107.9
5.0
21.9
15.2
43.7
6.6
9.5
21.2

25
251
2511
2512
2515
252
253
254
259

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

148.0
110.6
45-5
37.4
8.6
11.2
5*3
10.4
10.5

147. 1
110.2
45.4
37.2
8.6
11.1
5.2
10.1
10.5

145.7
108.1
45.6
36.3
8.8
11.4
5.3
11.0
9.9

146.1
108.1
45.6
36.3
8.8
11.5
5.4
11.0
10.1

144.7
106.9
45.3
35.4
8.5
11.6
5.2
10.8
10.2

32
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
329

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS . .
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass contaniers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products . .
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products

131.5
45.0
25.4
19.6
12.6
1.6
6.5
16.6
14.8
31.6

128.9
44.0
24.6
19.4
12.6
1.6
6.4
16.0
14.5
31.2

135.7
44.4
24.4
20.0
14.8
1.8
6.7
17.0
15.8
32.4

135.0
44.2
24.1
20.1
14.8
1.7
6.8
16.4
15.8
32.6

132.8
43.4
23.9
19.5
14.6
1.7
6.6
16.0
15.5
32.4

33
331
3312
332

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Iron and steel foundries

129.3
40.3
31.1
20.8

130.1
40.8
31.6
21.1

133.0
42.5
32.7
19.8

132.4
41.9
32.2
19.1

131.0
41.6
31.8
19.5

DURABLE GOODS

24
241
242
2421
243
244
245




83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
1972
SIC
Code

Jan.
1980

Dec.
1979

Nov.
1979

Jan.
1979

Dec.
1978

Industry

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES —Continued
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361
34
341
3411
342
3423.5
3429
343
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465

3469
347
3471

3479
348
349

3494
3496
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3533
354
3541
3544
3545
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
357
3573
358
3585
359

3599
36
361
3612
3613

362
3621

3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641

Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades. .
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps

84




4.9
5.0

354.4
13.1
11.4
62.6
17.2
38.1
19.2
70.5
7.3
22.4
15.9
14.8
25.0
12.9
12.1
59.9
4.4
15.5
37.8
26.3
18.2
8.1
16.9
60.9
22.5
14.0

367.3
13.5
11.6
63.1
17.9
37.8
19.8
76.2
8.1
24.5
17.1
16.3
27.5
14.2
13.3
58.5
4.6
13.6
38.2
26.9
18.5
8.4
17.1
64.7
24.0
15.1

365.3
13.6
11.6
62.4
18.0
36.9
20.0
75.6
23.6
17.5
16.0
27.5
14.3
13.2
57.7
4.6
12.8
38.1
26.8
18.3
8.5
17.1
64.6
23.9
15.1

362.1
13.5
11.6
62.0
18.0
36.7
19.5
74.9
8.2
22.8
17.6
15.9
27.5
14.4
13.1
56.0
4.4
11.2
38.2
26.6
18.1
8.5
17.2
64.9
24.3
15.2

457.4
25.1

4 84.3
24.4
5.9
18.5

487.6

498.4

24.6
5.8
18.8
27.0
21.1

26.3
5.8
20.5
27.2
21.0
51.1
17.2
12.8
60.6
10.6
15.0
15.2
32.2

11
14
129
101
38
25
48

5.9
19.2
25.6
19.5
42.8
13.9
10.3

55.6
9.2
15.6
13.5
30.2

6.3
5.1
7.3
61.1
10.9
14.1
129.5
101.7
39.1

26.4

43.8
3.7
4.4

26.3
16.6
8.4

26.4
20.7
44.1
11.1
12.3
60.1
10.5
15.3
14.9
32.0

6.8
5.5
7.4
64.1
11.2
14.7
145.1
117.2
39.1
26.1

2.1
44.1
3.6
4.3
26.8
16.8
8.5

44.6
11.4
12.5
60.2
10.6
15.0
15.0
32.1
6.8
5.5
7.4
64.1
11.2
14.7
147.0
118.8

39.0

48.4
36.8

49.0
37.5

26.0
49.0
37.5

868.6
43.7

865.7
43.9

19.5
24.2
97.5
54.8
29.4
58.8
8.9
4.4
27.7
104.8

19.2
24.7
98.1

917.7
45.7
20.3
25.4
98.6
54.2
29.9
63.0
10.6
5.0
28.4
106.6
24.1

923.7
46.0
20.3
25.7
98.5
54.1
30.0
62.9
10.8
5.2
28.3
107.9
24.8

36

,

4.9
4.9
2.0

8.6
1.3
5.0

356.3
12.8
11.1
63.4
17.4
38.6
18.9
71.7
7.3
23.7
15.8
14.9
24.9
12.8
12.1
60.0
4.3
16.1
37.4
26.5
18.6
7.9
16.9
61.2
22.1
14.0

30
6
5
7
60

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment

8.3
1.3

10.5
1.7
4.6
4.5
1.7
42.4
3.7
4.3
25.2
16.4
7.9

455.
25.,
5.
19.
25.
19.
42.
T3.
10.
54.
9.
15
.13.

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Oil field machinery
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Machinery, except electrical, nee

8.9
1.4

10.4
1.7
4.5
4.5
1.7
42.4
3.7
4.3
25.1
16.5
7.9

24.6

35.6
29.3
56.6
9.4
4.1
25.5
105.2
25.2

4.9
2.0
42.8
3.5
4.2

26.0
16.6
8.5

6.9
5.5
7.4
64.5
10.9
14.7
147.0
119.2
40.1
27.2

49.4
38.0
914.8
45.2
20.4
24.8
99.0
54.8
30.0
60.8
10.7
5.1
26.3
106.0
24.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricuKurel payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Dec.
1978

Jan.
1979

Nov.
1979

Dec.
1979

Jan.
1980

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT—Continued

3643
365
3651
366
3661

3662
367
3671-3
3674

3679
369
3694

Current-carrying wiring devices
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Engine electrical equipment

47.2
63.3
48.1
186.9
74.1
112.8
255.1
16.0
86.7
104.8
58.5
28.5

47. 1
59.6
47.0
187.0
73.1
113.9
256.8
16.0
86.7
105.9
58.5
28.3

50.0
60.3
47.9
205.2
81.0
124.2
282.5
17.1
97.3
115.5
55.8
23.3

50.8
60.0
47.5
206.9
81.9
125.0
284.7
17.2
98.6
115.6
56.8
23.7

50.2
57.7
46.1
207.2
81.7
125.5
283.4
17.2
98.9
114.2
55.5
22.8

37
371
3711
3713
3714
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
374
376
3761
379

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment

319.4
149*2
58.0
5.4
83.5
100.9
58.1
22.3
20.5
23.7
14.7
5.9
19.2
15.9
14.9

318.4
146.3
55.6
5.5
82.8
103.6
60.3
22.6
20.7
23.6
14.4
5.5
19. 1
15.9
14.3

316.1
130.5
50.1
5.4
72.6
117.1
66.7
26.6
23.8
23.0
15.8
6.7
21.5
17.8
10.3

315.8
130.3
52.6
5.3
70.0
117.6
66.6
26.8
24.2
22.4
15.5
6.7
21.9
18.2
10.3

307.4
120.2
43.6
5.3
68.8
118.3
66.7
27.1
24.5
22. 1
15.3
6.7
22.2
18.3
10.7

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

287.8
21.0
94.6
22.9
16.6
39-8
10.0
78.9
36.2
34.0
25.6
38.3
19.4

288.0
21.2
95.8
23.3
16.6
40.5
9.9
78.6
36.4
34.0
25.3
38.2
19.0

297.2
23.3
100.1
23.5
17.1
43.2
11.7
80.5
37.0
35.4
26.4
38.3
16.9

297.4
23.6
100.7
23.5
17.3
43. 1
11.7
80.4
36.9
35*6
26.6
38. 1
16.3

297.3
23.6
100.3
23.2
17.3
43.2
11.7
81.3
37.6
35.8
26.9
38.0
15.5

39

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Miscellaneous manufactures

213.9
30.7
11.9
59.2
30.3
28.9
21.7
39.3
51.1

205.5
29.8
12.0
54.8
26.6
28.2
21.8
36.7
50.4

222.7
30.2
10.7
69.9
38.5
31.4
23.7
35.8
52.4

211. 1
29.0
10.6
61.1
30.8
30.3
24.0
3<*.9
51.5

204.5
27.3
10.3
59.4
29.1
30.3
23.8
33.4
50.3

498.1
112.2
27.7
21.5
56.2
37.0
19.1
98.5
9.9
27.6
26.0
28.8
62.5
42.5
20.0
45.9
5.3
35.9
5.8
16.7
72.0

479.2
109.8
27.5
20.8
54.4
36.1
19.0
88.4
9.4
23.2
22.7
28.5
62.2
41.8
20.4
43.0
5.2
35.5
5.9
16.6
70.5

513.5
120.5
30.0
21.3
61.8
37.5
19.2
100.4
8.8
33.5
25.2
28.9
62.4
41.9
20.5
48.5
5.4
38.6
6.5
17.6
71.3

496.0
118.3
29.8
20.8
60.5
37.1
19.0
88.8
9.1
25.5
22.6
29.0
62.1
41.7
20.4
46.6
5.4
38.4
6.5
17.6
70.3

474.5
115.8
29.8
20.4
58.1
36.2
•19.0
79.9
9.3
22.5
18.2
28.7
61.3
40.7
20.6
43. 1
5.4
36.4
6.5
17.3
67.7

28.4
13.8

26.0
13.9

24.0
13.6

24.2
13.5

23.5
13.5

391

393
394

3942,4
3949
395
396
399

NONDURABLE GOODS
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
205
2051
2052

209

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products

21
211

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

206
207
208
2082
2086




85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236

APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS .
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists . . .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear

2361
238 "
239
2391
2392
2396

Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetic
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

Dec.
1978

Jan.
1979

Nov.
1979

Dec.
1979

Jan.
1960

424.6
64.5
51.1
8.2
15.5
150.3
23.5
25.3
53.6
24.9
13.3
23.1
10.2
6.1
25.5
65.3
41.3
12.7
21.1

421.2
64.7
51.2
8.3
15.4
147.7
23.2
25.2
51.3
25.5
12.9
23.1
10.3
6.2
25.1
64.6
4J.0
12.5
21.1

427.2
66.7
52.0
8.4
15.1
150.4
24.0
25.0
53.7
25.4
12.7
23.3
10.2
6.3
25.0
65.6
42.1
12-3
20.7

425.8
67.1
51.7
8.4
15.0
149.6
24.0
24.9
52.9
25.4
12.9
23.2
10.2
6.4
24.4
65.4
42.1
12.1
21.0

420.8

1,076.9
70.1
305.4
93.1
65.1
81.4
378.8
54.9
146.8
51.4
125.7
78.9
62.7
16.2
58.5
23.6
45.5
126.4
24.5
32.4
20.6

1,065.7
68.4
301.7
S2.1
64.4
80.2
381.2
55.1
148.1
51.8
126.2
77.5
61.6
15.9
56.6
23.1
43.5
123,6
24.2
32.0
19.8

1,060.5
64.8
311.4
92.6
66.3
87.4
370.0
52.1
145.8
49.6
122.5
78.9
63.1
15.8
55.9
21.9
43.4
122.9
25.4
34.7
17.0

1.047.7
64.7
310.6
91.5
66.2
88.2
362.1
50.4
144.2
46.5
121.0
77.3
61.4
15.9
55.1
21.6
42.6
122.2
25.3
34.3
17.7

1,043.0
64.3
310.6
90.8
66.2
89.4
364.3
50.7
147.6
44.9
121.1
76.5
61.0
15.5
56.1
21.8
41.4
117.2
24.3
33.4
16.0

67.2
51.3
8.3

15.1
146.4
23.9
24.7
50.1
25.2
12.9
23.0
10.0
6.3

23.9
65.0
41.8
12.0
20.6

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
265

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paperboard containers and boxes

161.1
24.8
22.0
6.2
77.0
53.1

160.2
24.7
21.9
6.2
77.1
52.2

165.1
27.0
23.7
6.5
78.7
52.9

162.6
26.8
23.6
6.6
76.9
52.3

162.1
26.7
23.5

27
271
272
273
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

473.9
147.4
49.8
54.3
26.6
126.8
58.0
63.6
14.7
32.4
8.8

472.4
147.2
50.7
54.6
26.2
124.8
56.5
63.0
14.8
32.8
8.7

500.2
158.5
51.8
55.5
26.3
133.6
59.5
68.5
16.0
35.4
9.4

504.3
160.2
51.8
57.0
27.1
134.0
59.4
68.9
16.1
35.0
9.5

503.0
160.3
52.6
57.4
26.8
131.9
57.1
64.8
16.2
35.2

264.3
23.5
15.9
45.2
10.4
26.4
76.8
65.5
54.6
9.3
32.0
12.6
23.7

263.8
23.6
15.9
45.5
10.5
26.4
77.0
65.7
53.3
9.3
30.9
12.5
23.7

276.6
25.5
16.7
46.9
11.2
26.3
79.9
68.1
56.9
9.1
34.3
13.1
24.7

275.7
25.4
1*.7
46.7
11.3
26.1
80.0
68.3
56.1
8.7
34.2
13.0
24.7

274.4
25.7
16.9
46.8
11.2
26.2
80.3
68.6
54.4

19.1
9.2
18.7

19.2
9.4
18.8

19.5
10.0
19.6

19.6
10.1
19.7

19.5
10.2
19.6

281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2844
285
286
2861.9
287
289

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Gum, wood, and industrial organic
chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

86



6.6

76.8
52.0

9.6

8.7

32.5
12.9
24.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by Industry—Continued
[In thousands]
1072
SIC
Code

Industry

29
291

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
Petroleum refining

30
301
302
303,4
306
307
31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

Dec.
1978

28.1
22.9

28.2
23.1

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS . . .
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

272.0
12-5
14.7

269.2
12.3
14.4

266.7
11.5
13.2

263.3
11.5
13.5

261.5
11.2
14.1

6.1
41.1

6.0
41.0
195.5

6.0
39.3
198.7

5.9
38.1
194.3

5.8
37.9
192.5

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS

152.0
3.2
102.3
39-4
42.8
9.2
22.6

148.9
3.2
100.3
38.6
42.4
8.7
22.5

148.2
2.8
97.1
35.. 4
41.6
9.9
24.4

145.3
2.7
96.2
35.5
41.8
9.3
23.2

142.7
2.7
96.5
35.6
42.5
8.2
21.8

1,185

1,195

1,272

1,271

1,264

59.7
10.0
7.7
4.6
35.0

59.5
10.1
7.7
4.5
34.7

64.9
11.8
7.8
5.0
37.8

65.6
12.0
7.8
5.?
36.2

64.8
12.1
7.5
5.0
37.7

151.8
135.3
16.5

147.5
131.4
16.1

163.4
143.7
19.7

162.5
143.5
19.0

J56.0
.140.9
17.1

18.6

18.7

19.9

20.1

19.6

129.5
122.6

131.6

138.6
130.9

139.5
131.8

139.7
132.1
2.1

Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses
TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

45
451,2

TRANSPORTATION BY AIR

WATER TRANSPORTATION

Air transportation

2.1

PIPE LINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS . . .

78.9

TRANSPORTATION SERVICES . . .

491
492
493

495

50
501
502
503
504
505

587.8

COMMUNICATION
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting

515.6
56.2

ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES . .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

135.1
60.3
34.0
31.6
4.5

51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS .
Paper and paper products
Orugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods




599.7
526.7
56.9
136.0
60.9
34.1
31.9

2.1
90.1

90.9

624.4

621.7

618.4

543.2
62.7

540.5
62.8

537.3
63.1

145.8
66.3
35.4
34.0

146.7
67.1
35.1
34.2
5.3

147.3
67.4
35.0
34.5

8,999

702
92.1
37.2
30.2
23.3
26.9
113.0
65.0
263.9
50.7

1,281
702
92.4
36.9
30.2
22.8
26.9
112.9
65.0
265.1
49.6

1,350
741
94.2
40.2
33.2
22.9
28.9
119.2
69.0
283.1
49.8

741
93.9
40.2
33.0
23.1
29.0
120.5
70.1
261.9
49.3

1,337
743
93.7
40.0
32.8
22.2
29.0
121.2
69.8
285.7
48.9

590
40.3
62.0
79.2
150.2
29.2
48.3
20.2
115.3

579
39.6
61.6
78.6
145.1
29.2
48.5
20.1
113.9

609
41.7
67.3
64.1
146.0
30.6
49.9
21.6
125.5

606
41.7
67.3
83.2
147.0
30.5
50.1
21.9
124.0

594
41.7
67.9
82.9
141.5
30.4
50.4
21.6
121.7

1,292

. .

76.9

2.2
90.5

8,449

WHOLESALE TRADE

508
509

2.0

5.1

8,950

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE GOODS

124.8

4.4

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

506
507

Jan.
1980

27.9
22.6

42
421,3
422

49

Dec.
1979

24.8
19.8

LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER
TRANSIT

48
481
483

Nov.
1979

24.9
19.9

TRANSPORTATION AND
PUBLIC UTILITIES

411
412
413
415

Jan.
1979

5.4

9,276
8,791
1,347

87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued

1972
SIC
Code

52-59

Industry

RETAIL TRADE

Dec.
1978

Jan.
1979

Nov.
1979

Dec.
1979

Jan.
1980

7,658

7,168

7,649

7,929

7,454

155.7
61.0
53.9

148,1
59.5
51.0

161.9
64.4
55.8

163.3
64.5
56.9

156.7
64.3
55.4

1,809*7
1,457.0
250.2
102.5

1,610.0
1,294.7
224.2
91.1

1,632.6
1,297.7
228.7
106.2

1,748.3
1,393.1
239.7
115.5

1,574.2
1,259.8
214.8
99.6

521
525

BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN
SUPPLIES
Lumber and other building materials . . .
Hardware stores

53
531
533
539

GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores . . .

54
541
542
546

FOOD STORES
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioned . . .
Retail bakeries

950.1
786.7
15.8
76.7

924.0
773.5
15.9
73.4

991.6
831.9
17.3
78.1

1,013.1
841.9
17.9
79.2

979.0
828.4
18.2
75.9

55
551,2
553
554

AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS AND SERVICE
STATIONS
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

310.7
124.3
48.9
122.6

307.0
125.6
47.0
119.9

319.2
125.2
47.3
130,4

319.6
124.8
48.8
129.9

316.9
123.3
47.7
128.5

56
561
562
565
566

APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings .
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

729.2
74.8
351.4
151.9
76.7

643.0
63.5
312.4
128.2
70.1

691.7
65.3
333.7
143.3
77.8

752.2
77.1
355.5
163.8
81.2

669.5
66.1
320.3
139.6
75.0

571
572
573

FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHING
STORES
Furniture and home furnishings
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

199.1
131.0
25.2
42.9

194.7
128.5
24,7
41.5

205.2
132.3
24.5
48.4

208.3
133.4
24.7
50,2

205.3
131.1
24.5
49.7

EATING AND DRINKING PLACES

2,426.9

2,354.3

2,595.3

2,612.1

2,539.6

MISCELLANEOUS RETAIL
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1,076.8
312.9
32.9
393.2
173.9
22.7
119.5

987.1
305.4
29.5
335.0
159.9
23.4
112.2

1,051.5
317.8
'35.1
375.2
164.4
23.3
115.7

1,112.4
334.3
35.9
412.5
164.9
23.5
120.8

1,012.9
322.7
34.5
351.2
148.5
23.4
112.6

2,802

2,800

2,948

2,95?

2,966

1,014.3
933.7

1,015.8
934.6

1,066.6
981.5

1,070.5
985.2

1,076.4
990.6

347.0
165.8
118.5

346.0
166.4
116.7

370.0
179.5
126.2

373.3
180.4
129.0

369.0
180.0
125.5

76.4
60.5

76.5
60.4

84.4
66.7

84.8
67.2

84.9
67.4

INSURANCE CARRIERS
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance . .
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance . .

713.3
273.1
99.8
289.9

713.4
272.1
99.6
291.7

738.8
279.4
100.7
306.4

742.6
281.5
101.9
307.7

743.6
283.1
101.9
308.1

INSURANCE AGENTS, BROKERS,
AND SERVICE

256.0

257.4

270.2

268.8

274.6

REAL ESTATE
Real estate operators and lessors .
Real estate agents and managers .
Subdividers and developers

325.7
V32.0
145.0
31.5

321.8
131.4
143.5
30.2

342 .1
133 .7
158 .5
32 .4

341.2
135.2
156.6
32.3

342.5
136.0
157. 1

COMBINED REAL ESTATE, INSURANCE, ETC . .

16.7

16.8

17 .8

17.7

HOLDING AND OTHER INVESTMENT OFFICES.

52-8

52. 1

57 .7

57.7

9,621

9,537

10,101

10,094

496.2
477.7

483.4
465.2

552 .0
531 .6

536,7
514.3

52

59
591
592
594
596
598
599

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
60
602

BANKING
Commercial and stock savings banks . .

61
612

CREDIT AGENCIES OTHER THAN BANKS .
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

614
62

SECURITY, COMMODITY BROKERS,
AND SERVICES
Security brokers and dealers

621
63
631
632
633

653
655

SERVICES
70
701

HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

88



32.3
17.6
57.4
^ 10,027
524.1
504.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricuttural payrolls by industry—Continued
.[In thousands]
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

72
721
723
726

PERSONAL SERVICES
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories

73
731
732
733
734
736
737

BUSINESS SERVICES
Advertising
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, stenographic
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Computer and data processing services

75
753

AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES
Automotive repair shops

Dec.
1978

82
821
822

Dec.
1979

Jan.
1980

604.8
222.3
249.1

606.4
220.6
248.0

613.9

18.2

607.9
222.3
247.2

18.5

19.0

19.2

19.5

1,184.7
66.2
58.2
52.1
163.5
286.2
113.2

1,164.8
62.2

1,263.5
70.7
54^8
55.8
185.7

278.1
115.7

297.6

1,270.4
70.6
54.2
55.3
185.8

92.4
41.2

91.1
'40.8

56.9
51.4

166.0

219.9
243.0
1,237.5
70.8
52.4

52.9

130.5

309.6
129.9

181.6
291.8
129.1

96.4
42.6

94.5
41.2

95.3
42.0

53.7

53.3

60.2

60.9

60.4

78.6
24.0
48.7

76.5
22.6
48.0

78.2
24.4
48.0

78.5
25. 1
47.6

75.0
23.1
46.1

258.0

244. 3

247.8

247.3

240.2

3,987.2
545.2
264.3
838.8
2,084.8

3,998.7
544.4
263.8
844.0
2,090.2

4,180.3
567.6
275.3
892.9

4,193.7
569.6
277. 4
897.7

2,172. 1

4,219.9
573.9
281.9
908.5

2,175.6"

2,181.5

LEGAL SERVICES

317.0

318.3

336.8

337.9

337.7

EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities

557.2
147.5
347.2

531.7
146.8
322.5

585.3
156.3
361.4

572.8
153.3
351.8

541.4
153.5
320.8

SOCIAL SERVICES. .

747.3

741.5

783.6

785.0

786.2

MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
Engineering and architectural services . .
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

271.1
121.5

275.6
95.4
125.7

2 96.5
106.5
130.6

299.1
107.5
131.7

306.1
108.3
137.1

7,379

7,297

7,676

7,672

7,587

858

856

870

876

880

6,521

6,441

6,806

6,796

6,707

1,559.2
325.7
667.0

1,507.5
328.6
611.1

1,640.9
341.3
725.3

1,625.2
343.6
707.9

1,581.7
351.4
655.7

382.0

384.3
5,165.2

MOTION PICTURES
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters
AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES .

801
802
805
806

Nov.
1979

614.6
224.2
252.3

MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES .
78
781
783

Jan.
1979

HEALTH SERVICES
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities . . . .
Hospitals .

GOVERNMENT
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT . . .
State government
Hospitals
State education
General administration including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
Local education
General administration including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions




95.7

382.4

400.2
3,416.7

402.8
3,390.0

91.0

381.8
5,171.0
91.8

432.0
3,526.1

433.2
3,529.0

381.1
5,125.1
91.9
435.0
3,482.3

880.9

874.2

916.0

918. 1

915.3

4,961.9
81.9

4,933.9
83.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT
B-4. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
[In thousand t]

1980

1979
Industry division and group

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Sec.

Jan.

Feb. p

Mar.

TOTAL

89,039 89,036 89,398 89,626 89,713 69,762 89,803 89,982 90,100 90,241 90,652 90,774 90,634

GOODS-PRODUCING

26,627 26,565 26,651 26,674 26,723 26,599 26,593 26,572 26,533 26,655 26,763 26,719 26,549

MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING ..
DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical •
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment . .'
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind

. ..

NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastic products . . .
Leather and leather products

SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

940

940

944

949

956

968

973

979

983

991

1,000

1,000

1,006

4,614

4,559

4,648

4,662

4,688

4,674

4,671

4,694

4,714

4,783

4,893

4,830

4,695

21,073 21,066 21,059 21,063 21,079 20,957 20,949 20,699 20,836 20,881 2 0,690 20,889 20,848
\
12,751 12,752 12,739 12,760 12,786 12,714 12,737 12,650 12,587 12,615 12,601 12,648 12,616
752
761
769
740
751
760
758
736
753
757
724
737
762
484
493
490
483
483
482
460
481
488
465
482
464
487
710
718
714
706
704
709
708
709
711
715
702
708
715
1,259 1,260 1,254 1,257 1,256 1,245 1,236 1,226 1,223 1,208 1,208 1,210 1,204
1,732 1,732 1,730 1,737 1,730 1,714 1,716 1,723 1,726 1,725 1,712 1,723 1,721
2,450 2,466 2,471 2,484 2,500 2,492 2,496 2,455 2,438 2,444 2,512 2,513 2,517
2,093 2,101 2,106 2,124 2,131 2,092 2,117 2,125 2,125 2,140 2,149 2,148 2,150
2,094 2,084 2,077 2,057 2,073 2,079 2,086 2,025 1,994 2,019 1,938 1,976 1,956
695
689
685
698
694
696
692
702
694
693
707
700
688
451
455
458
452
449
449
448
450
450
451
451
453
449
8,322
1,736
69
897
1,324
716
1,232
1,108
213
780
247

8,314
1,728
69
892
1,325
717
1,234
1,111
213
781
244

8,320
1,725
70
893
1,324
714
1,236
1,114
213
784
247

8,303
1,720
69
892
1,312
715
1,242
1,119
212
775
247

8,293
1,707
68
892
1,324
718
1,250
1,116
212
777
229

8,243
1,696
64
886
1,302
717
1,247
1,111
213
764
243

8,212
1,691
65
884
1,294
714
1,245
1,110
215
751
243

8,249
1,707
65
887
1,299
715
1,252
1,113
217
751
243

8,249
1,710
60
869
1,292
714
1,262
1,114
217
749
242

8,266
1,715
62
893
1,297
713
1,263
1,119
217
745
242

8,269
1,707
64
891
1,309
718
1,273
1,123
219
745
240

8,241
1,706
65
890
1,313
717
1,278
1,122
167
743
240

8,232
1,692
65
693
1,315
717
1,280
1,122
165
744
239

62,412 62,471 62,747 62,952 62,990 63,163 63,210 63,410 63,567 63,586 63,869 64,055 64,085
5,116

5,024

5,130

5,190

5,169

5,194

5,180

5,218

5,229

5,223

5,212

5,191

5,197

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

20,054 20,088 20,129 20,116 20,122 20,126 20,169 20,243 20,308 20,254 20,42 8 2 0,530 20,499

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

5,134 5,138 5,156 5,180 5,182 5,185 5,190 5,209 5,235 5,218 5,248 5,265 5,263
14,920 14,950 14,973 14,936 14,940 14,941 14,979 15,034 15,073 15,036 15,180 15,265 15,236

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

4,899

4,915

4,936

4,958

4,972

5,003

4,997

5,018

5,039

5,056

5,081

5,085

5,091

SERVICES

16,833 16,880 16,954 17,051 17,092 17,141 17,191 17,257 17,298 17,357 17,442 17,505 17,544

GOVERNMENT ..

15,510 15,564 15,598 15,637 15,635 15,699 15,673 15,674 15,693 15,696 15,706 15,744 15,754

FEDERAL
STATE AND LOCAL

preliminary.

90




2,757 2,758 2,770 2,786 2,785 2,813 2,762 2,770 2,771 2,771 2,791 2,623 2,822
12,753 12,806 12,828 12,849 12,850 12,886 12,911 12,904 12,922 12,925 12,915 12,921 12,932

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT
B-5. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

^ ^
1*80

1979
Industry division and group

TOTAL
GOODS-PRODUCING .
MINING

.

CONSTRUCTION . .

May

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

36,271

36,385

36,517

36,669

36,789

6,865

6,877

6,899

6,920

6,939

6,960

6,971

6,907

6,906

6,942

6,948

6,985

7,019

84

85

87

87

89

91

92

94

94

94

95

97

97

June

July

Aug.

36,916 3 7,102 37,262

Sept.

37,144

Oct.

Nov.

Jan.

37,324 37,512 37,539

37,789

350

353

357

362

367

374

379

380

383

385

389

390

393

6,431

6,439

6,455

6,471

6,483

6,495

6,500

6,433

6,429

6,463

6,464

6,498

6,529

DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furnitures and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment . . .
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind

3,029
112
146
131
130
357
456
870
320
289
218

3,053
113
146
132
131
360
460
877
326
291
217

3,069
114
145
134
131
361
464
884
326
293
217

3,082
1 14
145
134
134
361
469
887
326
294
218

3,087
114
144
134
134
362
473
892
326
2 95
213

3,102
113
145
135
138
363
473
902
323
296
214

3,109
113
146
134
137
363
479
907
321
296
213

3,068
113
145
133
135
360
478
888
307
296
213

3,082
114,
143
134
134
359
482
898
3U
295
211

3,094
115
142
134
134
362
482
903
314
296
212

3,092
113
142
134
133
363
482
904
313,
295
213

3,116
112
144
136
132
364
485
917
315
296
215

3,125
1 11
144
135
131
365
496
919
309
298
217

NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,402
512
25
425
1,087
163
474
268
25
271
152

3,386
507
25
424
1 # 075
163
476
268
25
273
150

3,386
509
25
423
1,071
165
477
268
25
273
150

3,389
508
26
422
1,072
165
479
269
26
273
149

3,396
511
26
422
1,072
164
479
271
26
275
150

3,393
511
25
424
1,062
164
482
273
27
275
150

3,391
502
24
422
1,073
165
487
274
27
279
138

3,365
495
23
422
1,056
164
488
271
27
272
147

3,347
488
24
421
1,049
164
491
271
28
263
148

3,369
501
24
421
1,053
164
494273
28
264
147

3,372
503
21
424
1,048
163
498
276
28
2to4
147

3,382
507
22
426
1,052
162
500
277
28
26 2
146

3,404
507
23
425
1,064
164
505
278
29
263
146

MANUFACTURING .

SERVICE-PRODUCING . .

29,406 29,508 29,618 29,749

29,850 29,956

30,131

30,355 30,238 30,382 30,564

3 0 , 5 5 4 30,770

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

1,195

1,205

1,209

1,202

1,214

1,233

1,236

1,243

1,251

1,252

1,267

1,265

1,264

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE .

8,526

8,552

8,595

8,627

B,673

8,670

8,684

8,695

8,713

8,744

8,783

8,730

8,871

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

1,286
7,240

1,290
7,262

1,297

1,297
7, 330

1,307
7,366

1,310
7,360

1,317
7,367

1,317
7,378

1,318
7,395

1,322
7,422

1,335
7,448

1,334
7,396

1,342
7,529

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

2,817

2,826

2 # 837

2,850

2,862

2,880

2,892

2,912

2,916

2,935

2,948

2,957

2,984

SERVICES .

9,672

9,710

9,754

9,798

9,846

9,898

9,939

10,003

10,015

10,065

10,091

10,114

10,169

GOVERNMENT .

7, 196

7,215

7,223

7,272

7,255

7,275

7,380

7,502

7,343

7,386

7,475

7,488

7,482

863
6,333

862
6,353

862
6,361

861
6,411

866
€,38 9

875
6,400

874
6,506

891
6,611

878
6,465

862
6,504

880
6,595

884
6,604

887
6,595

FEDERAL
STATE AND LOCAL

7,298

1
The unadjusted data are shown because the seasonal component, is small relative to the trend-cycle
and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.




91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by industry division and major
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]

1980

1979
Industry division and group

Mar.

....

MANUFACTURING

Aug.

July

Sept.

Oct.

Ho?.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.p

Mar.P

707

708

708

709

713

725

730

733

733

739

746

744

747

3,695

3,633

3,722

3,732

3,757

3,734

3,729

3,744

3,752

3,817

3,913

3,841

3,694

15,153 15,134 15,112 15,096 15,090 14,956 14,957 14,894 14,829 14,865 14,848 14,821 14,792

..

DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind
NONDURABLE GOODS . .
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

June

19,555 19,475 19,542 19,537 19,560 19,415 19,416 19,371 19,314 19,421 19,507 19,406 19,233

...

MINING
CONSTRUCTION

May

60,161 60,051 60,326 60,495 60,544 60,475 60,528 60,668 60,746 60,841 61,142 61,198 61,018

TOTAL PRIVATE . . .
GOODS-PRODUCING

Apr.

..

SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES .

9,158
657
404
569
995
1,315
1,615
1,378
1,455
422
348

9,146
649
401
563
995
1,314
1,625
1,384
1,446
423
346

9,119
649
39 7
564
987
1,310
1,628
1,384
1,438
421
341

9,123
646
395
565
991
1,316
1,632
1,393
1,417
424
344

9,124
643
398
560
988
1,309
1,641
1,395
1,426
422
342

9,044
642
394
558
976
1,291
1,628
1,359
1,431
421
344

9,066
646
392
557
970
1,295
1,637
1,375
1,433
420
341

8,972
649
394
557
960
1,298
1,601
1,380
1,371
421
341

8,908
639
394
553
954
1,300
1,591
1,376
1,342
418
341

8,931
627
394
554
943
1,298
1,590
1,388
1,371
421
345

8,894
623
395
556
942
1,286
1,642
1,397
1,286
422
345

8,923
621
392
555
942
1,298
1,640
1,392
1,316
424
343

8,900
610
392
550
938
1,296
1,643
1,394
1,302
431
344

5,995
1,191
55
781
1,131
542
696
635
139
614
211

5,988
1,187
56
777
1,131
543
696
636
140
614
208

5,993
1,184
56
778
1,133
541
700
636
139
616
210

5,973
1,181
55
777
1,122
541
701
640
139
607
210

5,966
1,170
54
778
1,130
547
707
639
138
609
194

5,912
1,157
50
771
1,110
545
705
634
139
595
206

5,891
1,153
52
769
1,104
543
703
635
140
585
207

5,922
1,169
52
772
1,109
543
708
637
140
585
207

5,921
1,171
46
776
1,102
542
715
638
141
585
205

5,934
1,180
48
778
1,106
542
713
641
142
580
204

5,954
1,175
50
779
1,117
544
720
643
142
581
203

5,898
1,172
50
779
1,120
545
722
640
89
578
203

5,892
1,155
50
779
1,121
547
723
645
89
580
203

40,606 40,576 40,784 40,958 40,984 41,060 41,112 41,297 41,432 41,420 41,635 41,792 41,785
4,283

4,197

4,293

4,351

4,333

4,348

4,337

4,370

4,380

4,368

4,350

4,336

4,344

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE ..

17,648 17,662 17,691 17,689 17,681 17,689 17,721 17,789 17,848 17,802 17,947 18,040 17,984

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

4,222 4,221 4,237 4,257 4,255 4,256 4,259 4,279 4,295 4,289 4,305 4,316 4,314
13,426 13,441 13,454 13,4 32 13,426 13,433 13,462 13,510 13,553 13,513 13,642 13,724 13,670

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

1

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2

92



3,729

3,743

3,756

3,777

3,788

3,804

3,794

3,804

3,814

3,824

3,840

3,851

3,847

14,946 14,974 15,044 15,141 15, 1 82 15,219 15,260 15,334 15,390 15,426 15,498 15,565 15,610

p= preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT
B-7. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased

Year and month

Over 1 -month span

Over 3-month span

Over 6-month span

Over 12-month span

1977
January
February
March

;

73 .0
67 .2
72 .4

80.2
84.3
82.6

86.3
84.6
84.0

80.5
81.4
82.8

April
May
June

71 .5
70 .3
65 .1

81
76
72

82,
79.
77.6

84.6
85.2
86 .6

July
Augus t
September

70 .3
57 .8
67 .2

7 0.3
70.9
67.7

75.
76.
79.

84.9
83.1
83.1

OctoberNovember
December

64 .2
73 .3
75 .3

76 ,
79,
79.4

80.5
84.0
82.3

82.8
81.1
82.0

January
February
March

68 .3
69 .2
69 .5

80.2
75.6
77.3

83.1
79.1
77.6

81 .4
83.1
81.1

April
May
June

68 .0
57 .8
66 .6

69.8
67.2
66.6

73.5
72.7
71 .2

82.0
81 .
82.

July
August
September

64 .5
60 .5
62 .5

69.5
67.2
71 .2

73.0
77.3
79.7

81 .4
78.2
77.9

October
November
December

73 .0
75 .9
74 .4

78,
81 ,
82.3

82
82
80.5

73.5
76.2
71.8

January
February
March

70 .3
65 .1
60 .5

76.5
72.1
57.8

74.1
67.4
61 .9

71.8
70.6
63.7

April
May
June

44 .8
54 .7
57 .0

55,
51 .
58.

58.1
50.3
46.8

64.0
61 .9
58.1

July
August
September

61 .6
48 .8
46 .8

56.7
52.0
5 2.9

56.1
55.8
57.6

57.0
52.9p
52.Op

Oc tober.........
November
December

69 .8
59 .9
59 .0

61 .0
66.6
64.5

61.6
65.4p
65.7p

63 .4
57 .Op
45 •3p

61 ,0p
53.8p

1978

1979

1980
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
Sep tember
October
November ........
December
1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted, on payrolls of 172 private nonagricultural industries,
p - preliminary.




93

ESTABLISHMENT

DATA

STATE A N D AREA

B-8.

EMPLOYMENT

Employees on nonagricuttural payrolls for States and selected areas

by industry division

(In thousands)
Total

Manufacturing

Construction

State and area
FEB.
1979
1 ALABAMA . . .
Birmingham .
Huntsville . . .
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa .

1,339.9
351.7
117.7
144.9
105,1
49.6

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

1,362.2 1,366.3
359.5
(•>
120.0
(•)
148.6
148.8
108.7
108.8
50.1
50.5

16.1
9.7

17.3
10. 1

(1)
1.1

7.3

7.4

7.3

23.2

80.7

.3
7.4

53.1
14.5

78.0
51.1
15.2

77.3
50.6
14.9

137.1

.2
6.1

23.2
.3
7.3

101.9
17.1

110.2
19.3

4.9

4.7

33.9
2.6
2.5
8.3
2.1

35.4
3.2
2.7
8.2
2.3

34.1

213.9
18.8
23.7

215.2
18.9

31.7
6.2

31.3
6.1

1,940.7

1,992.7
220.4

744.9
64.3
65.7

746.2
64.5
66.1

4.5

13

Fort Smith

727.0
62.1
66.1

14

Little Rock-North Little Rock

176.4

180.1

179.8

(1)

15

Pine Bluff

31.5

32.1

31.9

(D

Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego

83
618

San Francisco-Oakland
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc . .
Santa Rosa
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

34

Denver-Boulder . . .
CONNECTICUT

.. .

Wilmington

44 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Washington SMSA
46 FLORIDA
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Miami

.. .

Orlando
Pensacola

63|

.8

(D
.8
(1)

2.2
432
47

127.0

10.5

10.2
.9
12.0
.1

6.4

.9
11.5
.1
2.4
2.4

10.8
.9
12.1
.1

6.

181.1

11.
112.
5.

12.6
116.0

6
12
114

2.4

2.1
2.6
.4

7.
26.
20.
3.
39.
69.
22.

125.8
182.3
3,661.1
86.5
86.5
148.5
147.1
442.3
441.2
398.9
397.7
85.8
86.0

3,653.9

9.2

.4

2.6
.4

.7

.6

.6

6.6
8.4
29.3
22.5
3.5

211.0

149. 1

22.8

21.2

9.6
22.5

916.6

935.8

8.9

150.2
111.0
19.6
214.5
19.0
23.0
31.3
6.0
1,993.9
221.4
a.9
21.8
937.8

6

16.5

17.7

17-4

6

22.6

24.0

24.2
67.4

29

66.3

67.8

22
3

25.2

26.2

8.5

26.2
8.2

39
71
24

97.3

104.3

104.2

200.9

199.8

200.6

210.8
15.4

230.0
15.6

231.9

5
5
6
4

13.4
10.0

14.3
19.1
10.1

14.2
19.1
10.1

174.7

182.9

162.2

121.2

125.&

125.0

41.9
5.0
10.7
1.7
5.2
4.3
2.8

(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)

44 0.1
65.9
99.3
29.8
43.6
31.8
32. 1

440.7

67. 1
60.6

70.3
63.7

8.3

.7

.7

.7

1,491
609
115
84

1,523.1

1,520.8
648.7

2.2
.1

2.4

2.4

647.8

.2

.2

119.3

119.7

89.3

111

116.1

1.2
.4
.1

1.2
.4
.1

93

97.3

89.9
116.0
96.4

1.1
.4
.1
.2

.3

1,178.9

1,232*7

1,237.1

28.4

31.7

31.7

67.9

79.4

752.4

788.0

790.6

15.0

16.8

16.9

42.3

47.5

1,401.2
165.0
391.9
62.0
188.7

1,397.7
164.6
391.0
61.8
189.3
106.6
87.7

(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

(*)
<•)
(*)
<*i
(•)
(•)
<•}

44.5

(U

12.6
13.9

14.6
14.0

13.8
13.3

68.8
64.4

(•)
(*)

13.8
74.1

13.6
71.2

(•)

15.4

15.4

(*)

54.5

54.9

227.0

435.5

450.5

(*)
(*)

(•)
<*1
(•)
(*)
(•}
(*)
(•)

(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

255.3
222.3

(D
(D

(1)
(D

611.5
611.9
(•)
(•) 1,501.8 1,499.0

(*}
(•)

Mi
O)

9.9

10.0

107.0
87.6
252.4
219.5

3,339.2 3,508.6
73.5
73.8

(•)

334.3

(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)

327.4
63.0

64.4

282.7

286.0

685.0

728.0

265.3
93.7

280.6

68.8

70.9

(*i

(*i

West Palm Beach-Boca Raton . . .

193.1

204.9

2,080.2 2,123.4

2,132.4

95.2
72.0

(D
(D
(D
(D
(1)
(1)

(D
(1)
(1)
(1)

7.5

(1)

(H
d)
(1)

(D
(D
(D
di
(1)
(1)

(1)

(D
(1)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)

(tj

I*)

7.5

7.6

(1)

(1)

43.4

45.1

45.2

(D

911.6

935.4

941.1

(1)

(1)

Augusta . .

(II

119.5

121.7

(1)

(1)

121.5

Columbus

(D

81.5

82.5

82.4

(1)

Macon . . .

94.7

95.4

95.1

(D

<D
(D

4.
5.

(D
(D

38.6
71.0
23.8
5.1
5.6
6.0

.3

Atlanta . .




8.1

446.5
46.5

526.9

94

2.7

39.8 422.
2.1
46.

822.8

Tampa-St. Petersburg

See footnotes at end of tabte.

3.2

39.8
2.2

9,728.2

816.4

69.3
512.9

58 GEORGIA
Albany . . .

(D

(D
(D

(*)
30.0
16.7

8.0

37.8
2.3

9,726.2

(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)

Sarasota
Tallahassee

.8

(*J

646.3

247.0
221.9

. .

(1)

(D
(D

(*)

644.4

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)

Bridgeport ?
Hartford 2
New Britain 2
New Haven-West Haven
Stamford 2.
Waterbury 2.
DELAWARE

142
421
378,

8.2

2.3

7.2

Fayetteville-Springdale

Modesto
Oxnard-Simi Valley-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario . .
Sacramento

371.1

6.0

12

121
173
3,533
81

371.1
69.7
36.4
29.9
16.4
9.4

5.9

20.3

Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach

372.9
70.8
36.2
29.8
15.9
9.0

(1)
1.5

995.2 1,001.7
626.3
629.0
179.9
182.8

780

FiiB.
1980P

11.4
9.3
2.4

957.8
600.4
173.0

9,412.

JAN.
1980

(•)

8jARIZONA . .

Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove . .
Bakersfield

F£B.
1979

4.0
11.9
9.4

O)
(D

5.6

16CALIFORNIA

FEB.
1980P
68.4

159w5

11 ARKANSAS

JAN.
1980
66.5
20.4

158.0

Phoenix . .

1979
68.5
19.9
4.2
9.6
7.0
2.6

155.1

Tucson

FEB.

17.1
(•)
(•)
(1)
(1)
1.6

7 ALASKA . .

10

FJ3B.
1980P

4.6

5-2
11.4
1.8
5.1
4.5
3.0

77.8
4D-3

18.8

15.6

65.9
99.0
29.6
43.3
31.9
32.7

264.1

(•)

4.3

4.7

(*)

7.8

8.1

25.9

30.0

(•)

38.6

41.2
3.8
34.1

(J

103.1
36.4

(*)

3.1

3.7

(*)

3.8

15.3

15.9

(*)

33.8

33.3

42.4

(•)

98.6

16.8

20.3

(*}

34.6

6.1

6.7

(*)

13.3

7.6

7.6

(*)

6.1

(•)

2.4

(*)

71.3

3.3

3.3

35.6

35.7

17.6

19.5

94.9
4.3

96.8

38. 1
6.2
4.0
4.2

39.4

3.4
6.3
3.7|
4-3!

25.4
96.9
3.2

523.1

38.3
6.3
3.6
4.2

139.9

10.2
36.1
21.4
15.3 j

12.8
6.3
2.3
73.5
28.1

(i
(*}
(*J
(*i
(*)

523.0
11.3

524.7

139.8
36.5
21.5
16.1

141.6
36.4
21.5
16.0

11.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE A N D AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricuttural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilitiM

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Wholesale and retail trade

FSB.
1979

JAN. Pfifi.
1960 1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN. FEB.
1980 1960P

70.1
28.1
2.7
10.4

72.1
28.6
2.7
10.7

72.1
(•)
(•)
10.8

57.2
22.2
3.3
6.9
5.9

57.9
22.8
3.4
7.2
6.0

1.8

1.8

279.8
66.8
22.3
37.0
23.7
9.8

277.9
(•)
(•)
37.0
23.6

1.9

269.0
84.0
21.4
35.3
24.0
9.7

15.6

16.0

16.1

28.0

28.7

28.4

8.4

8.1

8.1

47.5
26.2
8.6

49.7
29.5
8.8

49.6
29.4
8.9

226.6
152.5
38.8

244.7
163.9
41.2

242.9
162.7
41.1

53.0
40.7
7.7

56.8
43.5
8.3

42.5
3.3

43.2
3.9

42.6
3.9

156.7
15.0
14.0
40,8
6.4

159.6
15.8

159.6
15.8

29.9
2.0

31.1
2.1

4 O

Q

1 "i Q

Government

Services

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

193.9
62.7
16.5
27.3
18.8

200.1
65.3
17.0
26.5
19.5
6.2

200.6
26.9
19.6
6.2

292.2
54.3
33.4
25.4
28.9
17.7

297.4
55.8
34.2
25.4
29.0
17.4

301.1
(•>
(•)
25.5
29.0
17.9

29.2

29.4

29.9

53.9

54.4

55.6

7

56.9
43.6
8.3

187.8
121.1
36.0

195.9
127.6
36.9

196.9
128.2
37.6

202.8
102.7
44.2

197.6
100.2
42.9

204.7
103.2
45.0

8
9
10

31.1
2.1

105.0
8.1

110.9
8.4

113.7
8.5

140.6
12.3
Q 3
8. 3
37.4
6.8

144.6
12.0
8. 4
38.4
6.8

145.7
12.0

12

58.0
<•)
(*)
7.2
6.0

O

41

1A Q

11

i

(•)
(•)

ii

1

11.1
34.1

Q

1

2
3
4
5
6

11

a

o. o
36.8

13

516.3 538.4 535.6 2,165.9 2,245.5 2,227.1 575.2 603.9 604.0 2,011.5 2,099.9 2 # 117.3 1,742.1 1,759.5 1,778.0
105. 1
102.6
163.8
156.4
197.3
186.2
26.5 26.6
25.0
106.7
165.1
196.7 50.2 54.6 54.7
7.7
4.5
33.5
4.5
31.6
7.6
21.5
4.5
7.8
31.9
30.7
22.5
32.4
22.5
33.2
44.6
10.5 10.4
9.6
40.4
33.8
47.2
41.4
35.9
42.4
36.2
46.9 10.3 11.1 11.1
791.4
829.7
805.3
193.1 204.7 203.2
627.1
503.0
465.1
506.5
634.4
826.3 218.0 225.5 224.7
16.3
15.5
3.5
3.5
22.7
3.2
20.3
3.6
3.7
3.7
15.9
16.7
16.6
16.3
22.4
33.1
6.1
6.1
5.7
6.7
27.5
6.9
6.9
34.3
36,5
36.0
29.0
37.1
29.2
34.3
19.2
107.6
100.7
22.9
87.1
18.0
100.4
90.3
97.1
24.0 24.1
101.2
91.1
19.1
107.4
96.7
88.9
21.5 21.5
20.6
135.4
68.0
136.0
73.1
137.6
73.4
96.1 19.8 21.3 21.2
18.6
4.4
4.4
22.3
4.1
21.2
4,6
4.6
4.5
23.4
22.4
19.0
23.6
19.0
21.8
148.0
141.1
27.1 27.9 28.1
144.9
136.8
141.7
140.3
142.6
145.7
147.2 35.5 38.3 38.4
324.4
355.6
344.1
124.5 127. 2 126.6
336.0
287.7
289.3
289.4
337.8
349.0 136.7 143.2 143,2
116.1
20.2 21.0 20.9
123.6
135.8
142.8
79.8
79.2
79.4
144.0
121.4 24.9 26.6 26.4
5.4
5.4
31.1
29.5
4.7
4.7
4.4
30.7
5.2
32.5
23.7 ,. 24.1
24.5
32.6
30.9
19.5
17.3
16.5
5
.
6
5
.
6
22.1
5
.
2
20.4
4.5
4.5
3.9
19.5
20.2
17.3
22.0
25,3
6.4
7.4
5.0
26.7
4.6
6.2
5.0
23.7
22.2
27.1
26.9
27.1
23.9
26.6
3.4
3.4
3.1
19.6
4.5
4.5
4.1
17.7
20.9
18.3
35.2
34.6
35.3
18.4
1S.7

16
17

13.7
3.9

14.2
4,1

14.0
4.0

u.o
41.8
6,5

41.2
6.5

£. J

12.0
1.3

12.3
1.3

£. H

12.3
1.3

77.2
55.7

301.0
191.9

298.8
191.0

71.7
50.8

(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)

299.3
33.3
81.9
10.4
40.6
24.4
15.5

294.7
33.0
81.2
10.4
40.3
24.0
15.3

(•)
(•)
<•}
<•>
(•)
(•)
(•)

12.6
12.1

53.6
45.4

56.2
45.5

55.6
45.0

11.4
10.6

11.8
10.8

11.7
10.8

25.6
66.6

25.6
66.5

(•)
<*)

64.3
283.0

63.7
280.9

(*)
(•)

33.9
88.2

33.9
88. 1

202.5 218.5
3.2
2.9
16.5
15.7
1.6
1.6
22.9
23.6
73.1
65.8
14.6
13.3
5.1
4.9
2.6
2.8
2.4
2.3
28.5 29.3
8.5
8.0

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•>
(•)
<•!
(•)
<•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

883.7
21.1
97.8
13,9
73.6
179.0
73.0
21.7
20.5
13.7
143.2
50.1

944.9
20.2
94.5
14.2
73.6
187.9
73.6
22.0
21.3
15.6
145.3
52.9

(•)
(•)
(•)
<•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

133. 1 137.0 137.2
2.1
2.1
1.9
85.4 65.6
81.5
4.4
4.4
4.2
3.5
3.4
3.5
4.8
4.8
4.7

479.3
9.6
251.2
22.8
17.4
20.1

499.4
9.8
261.1
23.1
16.7
20.1

73.4
52.0

75.4
53.6

75.1
52.9

(•)
<•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

61.9
6.1
15.5
1.4
15.8
3.7
3.0

61.6
6.1
15.5
1.4
15.8
3.8
3.1

12.4
12.0

12.6
12. 1

(•)

(•I




287.6
181.5

77.0
55.6

100.9 101.0
6.8
6.9
58.1 58.2
1.9
1.8
10.5
10.4
7.5
7.4
3.4
3.4

(•1 227.3 239.0
4.1
26.1
2.7
27.2
48.2
17.0
4.2
5.4
3.0
35.0
15.4

4.2
27.4
2.7
27.3
50.8
18.2
4.4
5.6
3.0
37.1
16.4

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•}
(•)
<•>
<•)
(•)
(•)
(•}
(•)

(•)

496.1 105.1 107.8 106.1
9.6

260.5
22.6
16.6
20.1

1.9
62.1
4.5
5.2
5.7

2.0
63.4
4.6
5.2
5.6

2.0

63.5
4.6
5.2
5.6

10. y
32.5
4.6

11.1
33.9
5.0

5.0

249.7
164.5

250.3
165.4

275.5
31.0
71.6
10.0
46.8
25.5
18.8

275.5
30.9
72.0
10.0
47.1
25.6
19.0

I*)

43.5
38.6

45.8
40.0

45.9
40.2

(•)
(•)

176.6
395.3

177.2
395.2

233.9
153.6
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

740.6
20.0
78.7
10.2
56.3
166.2
68. 1
17.9
16.7
9.9
119.8
47,2

771.0
19.4
80.6
10.5
58. 1
176.9
72.1
19.2
17.3
12.1
125.0
49.7

317.3
5.9
180.9
15.7
11.0
15.7

331.4
6.4
188.0
15.9
11.5
16.1

(•)
(•>

(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

333.7
6.5

191.8
15.9
11.4
16.2

6.9

14
15

18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

235.5
132.6

243.9
137.5

33
34

179.0
16.6
54.0
6.9
26.5
9.6
11.6

182.3
16.7
54.2

35

6.9

38

44.6
37.0

241.3
136.1
(•)
(*)
(•)

36
37

27.2

39

9.5

11.4

40
41

44.2
35.4

45.3
37.4

42
43

(*>
(•)

281.9
540.1

282.5
542.2

44
45

612.7
13.6
44.4
27.7
53.6
91.9
42.5
25.6
9.7
34.7
79.5
29.4

610.6
13.7
44.1
27.7
53.4
93.8
45.4
25.0
10.0
33.3
81.0
29.8

419.8
9.6
157.8
30.1
19.2
29.0

420.5
10.1
158.3
30.9
20.4
28.4

(•)
(•)
(•)

(•)
(•)
(•>
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)

426.2
10.0
159.8
31.0
20.6
28.4

46
47
48
49

50
51
52
53
54

55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
8-8.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry

division—Continued

(In thousands)

Total

Minino.

Manufacturingl

Construction

State and area

FEB.
1979
1

GEORGIA—Continued
Savannah

2 HAWAII
Honolulu . . .

3

4 IDAHO
5

9
10
11

Chicago SMSA

4

Davenport Rock Island-Moline
Decatur .

12
13
14

Kankakee
Peoria . . .

15

Rockford
Springfield

16

17 INDIANA
18

Anderson

19

Evansville

20

Fort Wayne

21

Gary-Hammond-East Chicago . .

22

Indianapolis

23
24

Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie

25

South Bend .

26

Terre Haute

. .

27 IOWA
28
29

Cedar Rapids

30

Dubuque

31

Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls .

Des Moines

32

. .
...

33 KANSAS
34
35
36

Lawrence .
Topeka
Wichita

. .
..

Lexington-Fayette . .
Louisville . .
Owensboro

41 LOUISIANA
42
Alexandria . . .
Baton Rouge .
43
44
Lafayette . . .

. .

Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

49 MAINE
Lewiston-Auburn
50

. .
. .

. .

Portland .

51

52 MARYLAND
Baltimore

53
54

MASSACHUSETTS .

55

Boston . . .

56
57

Brockton .
Fall River
Lawrence-Haverhill

58

Lowell . . . . . .
New Bedford
Springfield-Chicopee-Holyoke

59
60
61

See footnotes at end of table.

96



..

FEB.

1980 1980P

16.2

16.2

di

CD
CD

23.0
16.3

22.9
16.0

3.8
(D

4.0

4.0
CD

14.4
5.2

15. 2
5.5

14.7
5.1

55. 8
9. 0

57.8
9.7

56.7
9.8

28.5

27.8
(3)
(3)
C*J

(3)
(3)
4.8
4.7
(3)

(3)
{3)
(3)
(3)

.(3)

(D

4.9

(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

27.4 150.1 156. 1 154.9 1 , 2 6 4 . 2 1,226.6 1,217.7
7. 5
7.9
7.9
1. 1
1.0
1.0
C3)
7. 3
7.7
7.7
2. 0
1.9
1.9
C3)
946.3
(•>
C*)
C*i
C*)
C*i 127.2
4 . 9 102.1 101.2 100.9
847. 7
835.2
836.1
6. 8
6.6
50. 2
51.0
45.0
6.5
(3)
20. 0
20.2
19.7
2.2
1.9
2.0
C3)
10. 5
10.0
10.3
1.1
1.1
C3J
t.2
53. 0
51.5
51.2
6.3
5.9
6.3
C3)
56. 3
56.6
56.3
3. 0
3.0
2.7
C3j
7.6
7. 1
7.0
2. 6
2.5
2.5
C3)

(1)
di
CD

10.3
CD
2.7
C*>
C1)
C*)
CD
CD
CD

1.4

1.4

4.7
2.8

5. 0
3. 9

93.0
1.1
6.9
C*>
19.2
C*)
1.8
1.6
4.9
3.5

2.Q

45.4

47.9

46.1

CD
CD
CD
CD
CD

3.8
6.9

4. 1
7. 3

4.0
6.7

(D
CD

2.0
(D
(D
(D
CD
CD

1.5
2.1
2.6

1. 5
2. 2
3. 2

1.5
2.2
3.1

257. 5
29. 1
27. 1
16.8
9.7
22.8

38.6

45. 9
1.3

41.9
1.3

196. 0
4.6

3. 5
9. 6

3.3
9.0

11. 8
63. 3

199.7
4.7
10.9
69.0

297.6

288.9

2.0
(D

2.8
(1)
(1)
(1)

1 , 101. 5

1 , 118.6

1 ,117.7

83.8
179. 5

86.9
183.4
45.3
49.2
69.4

86.5
181.5
45.1
49.2
69.5

947.7
28. 1
86.3
209.0

943.2
28.8
86.3
207,5

12.8
(3)

14.2
(3)

13.6
(31

.2
2.1

.2
2.6

,2
2.4

52.0
CD
(1)
.7

53.9
(D
(D
.7

53.5
CD
CD
.7

74.8
(D

76.6
CD

.8

.8

149.4
386.2
29.5

1 * 476.2
50. 2

1 , 511.8

1, 5 0 8 . 3

188.8

50.3
189.3
74.5
62.8

50.3
190.4
74.6
62.5

(1)
(1)

49. 4
464. 4
142. 3

49. 2
494.9
145.0

493.7
144.6

12.5
1.8
c
15.8
4.7

397. 5
34. 0
86. 5

406.7
35.8
91.2

(•)
(•)
(•)

(D
CD
(D

1- 572. 8 1 . 599.2
874. 4
884.6

1 ,600.4

<U

884.3

CD

2 , 514. 1 2 , 578.6
370.1 1 * 411.8
57.6
55. 7
57.2
55. 6
104.8
105.9
71. 7
76.1
64. 9
65.5
1
235.3
232.

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•}
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

Q

Ho. O

FEB.
1980P

16. 7

10.2
(1)

1,216-8

I960

23. 4
16. 9

10.0
(D
2.8
(D
(D
(D
(D
(D
(D
1.3

150.0
391.3
29.6

JAN.

1979

4.5

(1)

2 , 206. 9 2 , 207.8 2 ,195.4
48.0
52. 6
48.9
127. 7
126.6
125.6
181. 5
172.2
C*J
264. 2
262.2
263.2
523. 6
(*)
535.5
58. 9
58.6
54.7
50. 1
50.3
50.3
115. 3
115.0
115.5
66. 6
67.0
66.3

1 , 229.8

FEB m

23.0
18.3

0 4 , 674.8 4 ,684.7
50.1
50.0
8

1 , 207. 8
146. 2
394. 3
29. 7

980P

4. 5

329.1
78.7

84. 8

1980

22. 2
17. 6

331.4
78.8

920. 1
27. 9

JAN m FEB.

5.0

324.4

44. 4
49. 4
66. 0

FEB.
1979

22.3
18.5

dl
(D

Jl Q

46
47
48

JAN.

C1)

83.8
407.6
336.8

69. 5
61. 0

Lake Charles

45

(D

84.2
403.5
333.5

197.0

37 KENTUCKY
38
39
40

FEB.
1979

3
71.4
71.5
6
(*)
(•)
3 , 166.8 3 , 181.8 3 ,180.6
164.7
158.6
162. 9
53. 2
54.4
53.6
35. 4
35.1
35.5
151.7
151.2
150. 7
122.1
119.4
120. 4
83. 1
87.1
86.9

Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago-Gary . . . . .

8

FEB.
1980P

84. 9

4 , 689.
48.
71.
3 , 411.

6 ILLINOIS
7
Bloomington-Normal

1980

390. 8
322. 9
79. 5

Boise City

JAM.

CD
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
CD

87.4 101.2
1. 2
1.0
7. 1
7.2
7. 3
7.2
17.2 19. 4
19.2 22.4
2. 0
1.7
1.6
1. 7

1.0
2.7
8.0

60. 3
7. 8

54.9

6.9

16.2

15.9

15.9

1.8

1. 9

55.8

7.8
1.8

124. 2 122.8

12.6
1.8

77.4 118.0
2.8
CD
.8
21.7
4.9
12.6
1.8
7.4

16.3
4.7

16.3
4.7

29.6
9.7

30. 9
9. 6

30.3
9.0

CD
CD
CD

C*)
C*)

14.5
1.3

C*i
C*J

2.5

2.5
20. 7
6. 8

20.6

8. 5

8.0

6.8

746. 1
25. 5
39. 0
63. 2
104. 8
134. 2
12. 8
14. 7
34. 8
17. 7

708.8
21.7
37.0
52.1
97.1
128.4
11.7
14.2
33.4
17.1

703.7
21.0
36.8
C*i
95.3
C*J
12. 1
14.1
33.2
16.5

258.3
29.1
27.5
17.3
9.0
25,4

256.3
29.0
26.9
17.1
9.0
25.2
197.7

282.8
30.7
99.8

4.7

10.8
68.1

31. 9

3U4

110. 8

104.4

6. 8

6.6

210. 9

211.0

6. 1
25. 8
3. 2

5.8

6.0

12. 5
8. 7
53. 4
28.6

26.2
3.5
11.2
8.0
53.4
28.0

26.0
3.5
11.4
53.2
27.7

112.4
12. 0
17. 4

113.7
12.3
18.2

C*)
C*)
I*)

6.6

209.1

T Q
f . 7

c*>

3.3

16. 9
1. 5
3. 5

CD
CD

CD
CD

88.0
43.9

96. 8
47. 5

94.1
46.2

242.2
163. 3

241.7
161.4

240.8
160.2

CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD

C*)
C*>
C*)

61.7
32.1

75. 7
36. 7

(•)

1.2
2.2
2,0
1.2
4.5

C*)
C*>
(*)
C*i

663. 5
264.9
12. 7
21. 1
39. 8
24. 9
27. 2
67.8

667.1
283.3
13.1
20.9
39.6
27.2
26.4
6&.9

C*)
C*)
C*l
C*l

CD
CD

C*>
C*)
C*)
C*)

1.4

1. 7
1. 7
2. 4
2.7
1. 4
5, 9

(•)

c
*>
C*)
c*>
C*)

c*>

C*)
C*)
C*)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
i—Continued

B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry di

(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities

F£8.

1979

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Wholesale and retail trade

JAN. FiiB.
1960 1960P

FEB*
1979

JAK.
1980

F£B.
1980P

FiiB.
1979

Government

Services

JAN. FEB.
1980 1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.

1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

8.8

8.7

8.5

19.4

19.5

19.6

3.9

4.1

4. 1

14.8

15. 1

15.3

16.3

16.1

15.8

1

29.0
23.8

30.8
25.6

30.9
25.7

102.4
85.4

106.8
89.4

106.8
89.5

29.8
25.9

30.7
26.6

30.9
26.8

95.5
77.2

103.8
84.6

105.1
85.6

88.4
75.2

86.2
73.4

88.0
74.9

2

19.8

19.7
5. 1

19.8

81.2
21.0

83.5
19.9

82.2
19.7

22.7
9.0

23.0
7.9

22.9
7.8

57.9
13.7

58.7
13.6

58.7
13.7

68.8
16.6

69.5
17.1

70.1
17.4

4

284.2 286.8 290.0 1 # 070.0 1,063.1 1,052.6 282.4 294.2 294.5
7.6
7.5
10.9
3.0
2.9
3.0
7.6
10.7
10.8
2.4
2.7
2.7
2.2
2.3
17.6
2.2
17.2
17.8
750.2
212.8
(*)
(*)
<•>
(•)
l*J 216.4
<•)
732.6
735.9
726.8 215.3 219.5 219.2
196.3 195.9 196.3
7.0
7.0
7.0
40.2
7.9
8.1
39.1
40.2
7.a
2.6
2.8
2.8
10.8
5.0
4.9
10.6
10.6
b. 1

870.7

870.4

886.8

7.7
9.9

8.1

8.1

10.1

(*)

(*)

449.9
27.0

760.8
11.6
29.1
(*)
453.3
27.2
5.1
7.1
17.2
10.5
29.4

6
7

10.1

749.8
11.7
29.0

5.0

1.4
8.0
5.2
5.4

5.2

1.6
6.4
5.1
5.5

1.6
6.4
5.2
5.5

109.4 109.0 108.4
1.5
6.8
(*)

1.5
6.7

1.5
6.8

11.4
15.3
31.4

11.4
15.6
32.3

15.7

1.6
2.1
5.4
4.1

1.6
2.0
5.3
4.0

1.6
2.0
5.3
4.0

57. 1 58.7

58.5

4.0

4.1

4.0

11.6
1.7
4.1
2.6

(•)

12. 1 11.9
1.7
4.0
2.8

1.7
4.0
2.8

64.1

65.1

64.4

1.4
7.4

1.4
7.4

1.4
7.4

10. 1 11.0

11.0

66.0
7. 1
24.6

69.3

68.6

7.5

7.6

2.2

24.7
2.3

24.7
2.3

114.5 114.8 113.7
2.5
9.6
4.8
3.4
2.5

2.5

2.5

10. 1 10.2
5w2
5. 1
3.8
2.5

3.6
2.5

49.8
10.5

9.9

50.1
10.4

17.7

18.6

1.1
5.1

1.1
5.4

(•)
<*>
(*)

85.3
60.7

87.1
62.0

61.2

48.6

86.1

115.9 116.3
69.1 71.6
4.4
1.9
4.3
3.5
2.3
9.7

4.4
1.9
4.5
3.8
2.4
9.6




4*>
(•)

i*i
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)

7.5

8.0

16.2

8.1
34.9
24.7
19.4

483.6
10.4
31.2
43.5
52.1
129.2
11.7
11.6
28.5
16.9

488-5
10.3
31.9
44.4
55.1
136.1
11.7
12.0
29.3
16.b

483.8
10.0
31.4

273.9
18.0
47.0
8.9
12.9
13.8

284.4
19.9
49.5

261.6
19.7
48.7

34.5
23.9

35.2
24.0
19.0

(•)

54.6
(•)

11.4
11.8
29.0
16.7

659.6
627.0
24.8

642.6
24.8

643.1
24.9

738.9
11.3
30.4
494.3
437.6
27.1

8.4

8.4
6.3

4.8
7.2

5.0
7.1

24.7
16.0
15.5

6. 1
26.2
16.3
16.3

26.1
16.3
16.3

17.3
12.2
27.8

17.1
12.1
29.6

99.3 102.4 102.2
1.6
1.7
1.7
4.4
4.4
4.5
10.3 10.5
(•}
9.5
9.6
9.6
36.8 38.3
(*)
2.8
2.5
2.5
1.5
1.6
1.6
5.4
5.4
5.3
2. 1
2.2
2.2

319.4

333.8

336.4

351.6

353.8

6.9

6.8

7.0

5.7

5.7

23.7
27.8
34.1
85.6

23.9
28.5
34.2
89.7
9. 1

23.9

12.7
18.1
31.2
87.2
19.5
11.2
12.8
12.4

12.6
18.0
32.2
88.5
16.1
11.0
12.6
12.3

55.3
4.2
20.0
1.2
2.8
2.0

57.8
4.5
20.1
1.2
2.9
2. 1

44.7
.8
5.8
8.9

1.1
6.9
4.1
6.6

1.1
7.3
4.2
6.7

1. 1
7.2
4.2
6.6

8.3
6.5

(•)

35.0

16
17
18
19
20
21
22

(*i

24.3

9.5

9.5

57.9
4.5
20.2
1.2
2.9
2. 1

1S9.6
15.1
33.0
10.1
10.9
10.7

203.9
15.4
38.4
10.3
11.3
11.1

205.2
15.4
38.4
10.3
11.3
11.1

210.8

205.7

9.6

9.8

28.9

28.7

4.2
6.9

4.2
6.7

11.4

11.1

209.9
9.8
28.6
4.3
6.7
11.5

46.1
.9
6.0
9.2

46.0
.9
6.0
9.2

159.6

167.0

168.2

3.4

3.5

3.7

16.9
36.3

17.0
38.9

182.6
10.7
22.2
24.4

187.3
11.2
22.8
24.5

33
34

16.3
37.1

186.2
11.0
22.1
24.2

231.6
33.6
61.6

234.3
35.7
61.8
4.7

37

300.0
15.3
46.2
10.1
11.4

301.9
15.4
46.7
10. 1
11.5
9.9
84.0
25.2

227.1

224.1

5.6

5.6

19.2
44.9

18. 8
44.4

259.6
32.2
87.9
7.1

270.2
34.2
87.0

266.9
32.1
85.5
6.5

49.3
7,0
22.3
1.1

50.4
7.4
22.9
1.2

50.8
7.4
23.0
1.2

196.6
27.3
72.5

205.2
26.1
74.8

205.0
28.1
75.6

228.9
33.8
60.0

347-4
10.9
41.7
18.5
13.7
13.0
122.5
33.9

359.8
11.0
44.2
20.1
14.3
13.2
124.6
35.1

357.0
10.9
44.9
20.1
14.3
13.0
124.3
35.0

72.1
2.7
10.6
2.2
2.5
3.5
29.1
6.9

74.3
2.9
10.9
2.4
2.6
3.6
30.2
7.2

74.7

249.3
10.0
20.2
13.7

251.1
10.3
30.2
13.9

251.7
10.2
30.2
13.9

289.2
15.2
48.2

9.2
7.9

9.3
7.6

105.2
24.6

105.5
25.1

105.4
25.1

84.1
7.7
23.4

86.5

15.8
1.5
6.8

16.4
1.6
7.3

(•)
(•)
(•)

69.6

72.6

7.0

7.7

17.5

18.4

369.0
188.7

378.3
192.5

86.1
52.4

88.7
54.0

89.1
54.4

319.9
17U8

329.8
174.6

550.0
299.4
14.7
12-0
21.6
15.5
11.8
48.9

569.6
310.5
15.0
12.7
22.3
16.1
12.2
50.3

<*J

568.4
377.9

597.4
394.3

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)

15

24.3

216.1
5.7
16.5
43.3

374.3
190.7

12
13
14

9.3

13.1
13.7

25.8

10
11

23.8

13.1
13.8

(*)
(•)
(•)

8
9

7.8

9.0

8.3

357.6
5.7
12.7
(*)
32.8

5

(*)
9.0
7.8

8.8
7.4

9.1

6.6

(*)

3

149.9 154.8
102.8 108.0
2.2
2.2
2.6
2.6
3.6
3.9
2.2
2.2
1.9
2.0
12.7
13.1

2.8

11.0
2.4
2.6
3.6

30.4
7.4

(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)

5.4

9.1
7.5

8.8
9.1

15.3
11.0

5.6

9.7
9.6

16.0
11.6

5.7

(•)

(*i
(•)

333.2
177.8
(*)
(*)
(•)
(*)

: (•>

6.6

8.6

(*)
(*)

44.7

46.4

(•)

4.6

9.7

10.6
10.0
80.0
24.0

4.7

9.9

83.9
24.9

83.4

82.0

3.4

3.3

13.0

12.6

382.3
193.6

376.8
192.6

404.7
203.9
11.5

397.7
207.4
11.5

7.7

7.6

18.0
12.6
11.9
43.8

17.2
12.5
12.5
41.1

20.2
11.4
12.9
12.5

23
24

27

(*)
(•>
(•)

25
26

28
29
30
31
32

35
36

38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49

50
51

382.8 52
193.8 53
(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•}
(•)

54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61

97

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8 Employees on nonagricuttural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division-Continued
iIn thousands)
Total

Manufacturing

Construction

Mining

Stata and araa

MASSACHUSETTS—Continu
Worcester
2 MICHIGAN . .
Ann Arbor .
Battle Creek .
Bay City
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Portage
10
Lansing-East Lansing
12
Muskegon-Norton Shores-Musk. Hgts.
Saginaw
14 MINNESOTA ..
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul 2 .
16
17 MISSISSIPPI
Jackson
18
19 MISSOURI
20 Kansas City
St. Joseph. .
St. Louis . .
Springfield .
23

FEB.
1979

JAM.
1980

160.5

165.6

(•> 3,506.
136.
(•)
64.
(•)
34.
(•)
(*) 1,724.
193.
(•)
264;
(•)
53.
(*)
110.
(•)
194.
60.
(•)
88.
(•)

W

1,702.1
60.0
1,043.4

(•)
(•)
(•)

820.3
142.5

835.9
147.2

1980?

FEB.
1979

JAM.
1980

<•)

di

(D

(•)

13.0

13.0

(•)
(•)

1.2

(1)
CD
1.2

FEB.

3,495.5
139.7
63.9
33.8
1,710.9
192.7
266.5
52.6
110.6
195.2
60.5
87.2

(•)
(•)
•(•)

(•)
<•)
(•)
(•J
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)

(D
(D
(D

CD
(D
(D
(D
(V)
di
(D

FSB.

1980P

(U
(D
di
(1)
(1)

d)
(D
(D

FEB.
1979

3.7

(*J

•(••)

(•i
I*)
()
(•>
(•)
(•)
(*)

JAM.
1980

4.1

(•)
<•)
(•)

(•)
<•)
(•)

62.9
2.1

36.6

(•)
(•)
(•)

635.2
146.1

8.6
1.1

9.7
1.3

9.8
1.3

41.5
7.1

1,942.0 1,961.4 1,959.7
621.7
625.7
621.5
36.6
36.6
37.2
972.6
970.1
984.7
83.4
82.8
63.6

7.4
.5
(3)
2.9
(3)

7.5
.5
(3)
3.0
(3)

7.2
.5
(3)
3.0
(3)

(•)

15.9

(*)

117.4 112.4
2.4
2.4
1.6
1.6
1.2
1.1
51.8
53.3
5.4
5.5
11.9
12.0
1.5
1.7
4.3
4.0
5.3
5.1
2.6
2.4
2.4
2.3

CD
(D

(•)

F£B.
198 OP

I*)

FEB.
1979

JAM.

1980

FEB.
1960P

48.0

48.5

(•)

(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)

(•)
<•)

1,055.5 1,038.7
42.8
42.5
21.0
21.8
9.7
10.1
516.8
526.3
76.9
77.7
91.8
92.5
15.6
16.0
33.8
34.4
42.0
42.9
21.6
21.3
32.0
32.7

(•)
(•)

369.2
8.5
242.1

42.7
7.0

42.5
7.1

234.2
19.0

229.8
19.3

228.1
16.0

71.8
23.5
1.5
36.0
3.2

78.9
25.6

460.2
124.9
9.7
26 0.2
18.5

442.4
126.0

443.2
125.5

1.9
43.0
3.6

77.9
22.1
1.8
38.6
3.5

8.9

8.9

241.3
18.6

241.3
18.2

(•)
(•)
(*)

(•)
(•)
(•)

24 MONTANA
Billings
Great Falls .

266.5
45.1
28.9

277*8
48.1
28.9

276.8
48.7
28.8

7.0

(U

7.6
(D
CD

7.3
di

10.8
2.0
1.3

11.7
2.8
1.1

11.5
2.8
1.1

27.1
4.2
1.6

25.9
4.7
1.7

25.7
4.9
1.7

NEBRASKA

606.6

27.7
4.1
9.6

27.5
4.1
9.5

97.1
14.0
36.8

99.5
13.9
37.3

98.9
13.8
37.0

25.1
15.4

25.2
15.3
6.2

18.8
6.8
8.0

20.3
7.3
8.6

20.2
7.3
8.6

<•)
(•)
(•)

111.8
18.9
25.6

<•)
(*)
(*)

(•)

790.9

783.6
7.6

(D

Omaha ,

98.2
256.6

616.9
99.2
260.6

617.7
101.0
261.2

1.4
(3)
(3)

1.4
(3)
(3)

1.5
(3)
(3)

Las Vegas .
Reno

365.1
202.4
107.1

388.6
215.5
113.9

391.1
216.5
115.2

4.0
.3
.6

4.9
•6
.8

5.0
.6
.8

26.2
4.0
9.7
\
25.2
14.7
7. 1

33 NEW HAMPSHIRE
Manchester .
Nashua

362.9
70.4
55.9

(•)
(•)
<•)

<•)
(*>
<•}

.3
(3)
(3)

(i
(•)
(•)

(•)
(•}
(•)

16.5
2.7
2.5

(*)
(*i

2.4

94.5
3.5
11.0
11.0
3.5
5.2
9.2
28.5
4.9
2.3
1.2

102.9
5.8
11.8
12.1
3.9
4.3
9.3
31.3
6.0
2.6
1.4

32.5
14.6

34.2
15.1

34.0
15.2

165.4 177.8
8.4
9.9
3.0
3.0
17.3
13.1

(•)
(•)
(*)
(*i
(*)
(*i

36 NEW JERSEY
Atlantic City
Camden 5.
Hackensack 6 .. ,
Jersey City •
Long Branch-Asbury Park
New Bruns.-Perth Amboy-Sayreville 6. .
Newark •
Paterson-Clifton-Passaic ,6
v\ . . .
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
NEW MEXICO .
Albuquerque
49 NEW YORK .
50 Albany-Schenectady-Troy . . .
5
Binghamton . .
52 Buffalo
53 Elmira
54
Monroe County ? . , . . .
55 Nassau-Suffolk 8, ,
New York-Northeastern New Jersey .'.
56
New York and Nassau-Suffolk • ' . , . - . .
57
8
58 New York SMSA .
59 New York City \°.
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
See footnotes at end of table.

98




2,944.1
69.4
322.5
383. 9
230.6
148.8
278.0
923.3
194.5
162.8
56.6

2,993.9
83.7
329.0
387.6
227.5
151.2
282.9
931.9
194.6
164.1
58.3

(•)
(•}
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•>
(•)
(•)
<•)
(•)
(•)

2.4

445.9
181.2

462.9
188.3

7,010.5 7,087.9
334.0
330.1
116.4
116.0
506.3
502.4
36.9
37.0
332.9
328.5
865.1
865.0
(•) 6,611.1
4,516.9 4,578.7
3,651.9 3,693.6
3,228.3 3,253.1
96.5
94.5
409.7
403.4

(i)
(D

(D
(D

CD

(1)

(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(<?)
(•)
(•)

466.2

25.4

27.5

(D

27.6

190.2

CD

(D

4.9
(1)

5.5
(1)

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•>
(•)
(•)

(•)
(•)

(*i
(•)
(*)
(•}
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
<•}
(*)
(•)

.1

di
(D
(1)
•9

.1

(D

(1)

<D
• 9

(U
d)
(D
(i)
(D

(D
CD
(D
(D
(D

(•}
1.5
1.3
1.1

3.0
1.7
1.5
1.2

(D
(D

CD
D

(*J

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*}

•9

6.2

(•)

.9

8.2
7.8
32.8
26.7
(•) 181.2
105.8 114.4
81.6
77.0
66.7
63.5
2.5
2.1
9.4! 10.1

(•I
(•)
(•I

(•)
(*)
(*

(i
(•)
(•)
(•)

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*>
(•)

(•}

110.3
70.1
23.3
90.0
254.8
69.5
37.4
19.4

71.2
108.7
67.6
23.8
88.0
254.7
68.5
35.1
19.2

(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•>
(*)
(•)
(•)
(*

33.1
16.8

35.1
18.5

35.1
18.6

8.1

69.9

1,482.1 1,465.5
58.8
60.6
42.4
42.6
146.1
138.7
11.8
12.0
133.8
132.8
165.6
162.5
(•) 1,346.7
758.8
771.8
593.2
609.4
498.1
517.7
32.5
31.6
155.6!
153.7

(i
(•>
(•)
(*)
<•}

(•)

(*i
(*)
(*)
(•>

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE A N D AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division-Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities

f£fi.
1979
6.8
(•)
(*)

i*)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)

(*y
(•)
(•>
<*)

JAN. F£fi.
1980 1980P
7.0

Finance, insurance,

Wholesale and retail trade

(•)

156. 1 156.0
3.6
2.3
1.9

3.6
2.3
2.0

84.3

84.3

7.0

7.0

10.8

10.7

5.1
4.3
5.7
3.1
4.8

5.1
4.3
5.6
3.1
4.8

(•)

(•*
(*)

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

35.2

38.2

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
{*)
(•")
(•)

(*i
(•)

i*i
(•)

and real estate

FES.
1980P
(•)

748.3
19.7
11.3

737.2
19.5
11.3

36 3.9
40-5
58.6
10.9
21.2
35.8
11.2
17.4

358.3
39.8
58.7
10.7
21.2
35.5
11.0
17.3

8.0

7.9

FEB.

1979
3.5
(*)
(*)
(*}
(*)
(*)
(*)

(*i
(*i
(*i
(*>
(•)
(*)

(•)

(•)

39.1

(*}
(•>

(•)

2.2

i*)

66.0

JAN. FSB.
1980 1980P
8.3

(•)

155.5 155.3
3.6
3.6
1.2

3.6
3.6
1.2

89.7

89.5

JAN.

1960

31.6

32.5

(•)
(•)

630.5
20.7
11.8

637.3
21.0
11.6
6.8

344.2
30.0
46.7

345.5
30.2
50.5

(•>
(•)

5.9

5.9

10.2

10.2

(•)

1.5
3-5
9.1
1.8
3.9

FEB.
1980P

1979

(•)
(•)

1.5
3.5
9.2
1.8
3.9

Government

Services

(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)

<*J

(•)
(*)

343.5
12.0
219.8

6.9

9.5

22.1
26.2

(•i

JAN.

26.7

26.5

(*)
(*)

629.7
44.3
12.5

(•)

4.9

645.8
46.8
12.5
5.1

5

(*)
(*)

261.3
26.5
31.8

263.5
27.5
32.5

6
7

(•)

(•)

1980

9.5

(•)

8.5

22.2
26.6

(*)
<•)
(*)
(*)

20.5
69.3
10.4
12.1

9.6

9.9

14.7

14.6

(*)
(*)

(*)
(•)
(*)

F£B.
1980P

FEB.
1979

301.5
13.5
157.8

(*)

8.7

21.3
71.3
10.6
12.3

<*J

424.1
16.4
258.6

41.5
10.1

157.9
34.5

162.8
35.3

162.2
35.2

33. 1
11.5

114.3
27.0

119.3
23.2

119.7
28.3

192.4
33.6

197.1
34.4

198.2
34.5

138.5 141.0 141.4
54.5 52.6 52.4
2. 1
2. 1 2 . 1
70.1 68.6 70.5

456.8
159.2

470.2
159.7

465.8 105.3 106.0 106.0
157.0 43.2 44.2 44.2

362.2
122.2

376.7
125.2

376.7
125.8

339.8
93.5

338.7
91.9

341.5
94.2

95.9
5.3

62.5
39.6
9.4

(*>
(*)

41.6
10.2

6.3

6.5

6.5

21.8

22.7

22.6

4.5
1.9

4.9
1.9

4.9
1.9

31.3
10.9

<•}
<•)
(•)

33.0
11.5

<*)

1.8

1.8

6.7

6.8

6.1

5.9

6.1

56.3

56.1

200. 1
17.5

201.2
17.6

136.1
11.5

138.8
11.5

140.5
11.8

22

3.3

198.7
17.3

69.1
15.4

72.3
16.2

71.9
16.2

12.2

12.7

12.7

51.8

53.9

54.2

66.6

71. 1

71.0

24

9.6

2.3
2.1

2.3
2.1

9.2
6.6

9.7
6.6

9.9
6.6

7.5
5.9

7.5
5.8

7.8
5.8

25

9.7

2.2
2.1

40.3

41.5

41.5

7.1

7.3

7.4

24.8

24.7

114.5
16.8
57.6

114.7
16.7
58.5

129.3
26.8
39.6

123.4
27.5
38.6

126.0
29.3
38.9

28

23.7

110.3
16.3
56.0
152.1
93.4
40.5

162.1
99.8
42.7

163.1
100.0
43.5

54.1
24.2
15.3

55.0
25.1
15.3

56.6
25.9
16.0

30
31
32

9.4

3.3

3.3

72.8
41.3
22.5

79.9
44.6
25.8

79.5
44.7
25.4

16.0

17.3

17.4

8.3
5.7

9.7
6.1

9.7
6.2

(•)
(*;

(*i

17.8

(*)

(•)
(*)

5.3
1.8

(•)
(•)

(*)
(•)
(*)

65.2
13.0

(•I

543.4
17.3
65.0
72.4
30.4
35.4
37.2
162.0
32.3
39.0

8.4

8.5

13.6

(•)

4.7
1.6

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)
(*>

80.5
17.5
11.0

(•)
(*)
i*l
(*)

655.2
16.8
82.5
111.4
45.4
38.6
65.6
175.2
41.6
25.3

6.2

20.8
71.4
7.8
5.9
3.0

27.4
11.0

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6.4

l*>

23.3
69.2

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3. 1

I*)
(*)
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(*)

28.4
11.8

28.3
11.7

7.2
5.8

428.4 430.0
15.3 15.9
4.6

4.6

27.3

28.4

1.4

1.4

10. 1 10.0
37.4 36.7
463.2
(•)
317.6 317.3
280.3 280.6
258.2 257.8
2.7

2.8

12.9

12.7




(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)

9.4

101.0
46.0

(•)

666.8
17,9
83.9
111.7
46.5
40.3
67.2
180.4
42.8
26.1
9.7

105.6
47*6

1,431.1 1,454.0
68.7
67.7
21.4
21.4
115.2
112.7

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(•)
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(*)

m
(*>
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149.0 152.5
4.4

15.9
16.0

8.5
7.1
9.5

9.0
7.2
9-8

61.2

61.8

in

9.5
6.7
2.4

104.3
47,1

20.4
10.3

(•)
(•)

3.6

4.0

(•)

21.7

22.1

8.0

(*)

1.0

(*)

60.8
232.5
1,395.5
945.3
712.8
611.4
15.9
77.5

(•)

14.3
49.9

(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)

932.7
707.7
611.5
15.4
75.1

21.6
11.1

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7.9

(•)

9.6
6.8
2.4

592.0 605.4
14.8 15.4

59.0
225.0

(•)

4.5

15.3
15.3

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(•)
(•)

19
20
21

1.9

24.1
13.0

15.5
19.7
25.9

18

55.2

24.0
13.0

15.2
20.4
27.0

16
17

9.1

22. 1
12.3

4.0

15

218.9
22.5

23.7

3.5

14

9.2

162.1
22.7
68-2

169*9 188.9

(•}

12
13

221.5
22.6

163.3
22,5
68.3

7.4

(*)
(*)

8
9
10
11

9.2

157.5
21.2
67.1

6.8

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2
3
4

225.5
22.7

45.6 45.5
7. 1 7 . 0
24.4 24.4

44.4

(•>

(•)

1

(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)

L*\
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491.0
441.1
421.2

1.0

14.7
50.5
608. 1
501.9
451.4
431.4

2.5

2.6

15.9

16.3

(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
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21.4
11.1

7.7

8.7

85.4'
41.3

6.8

65.7
17.5
94.3

57.2

(*)

(•)

(•)
(*)

8.3
5.7

(•)
<•)

(*)
(•)

35

(•)
(•)
(•)

36
37
38
39

572.3
27.5
66.5
75.9
29.7
36.9
39.0
188.9
33.3
39.6
9.4

88.5
43.0
69.0
18.0
97*0

6.6

6.9

63.8
184.3

65.3
190.6
1,533.6
1,165.5
975.2
872.1
16.7
76.7

(•)
(*)
(•)
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(•}

1,122.2
938.1
840.3
16.8
75.0|

29

(•)

(•)

(•)
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27

(*)
(*)

(*)

I*)

26

(•)

<*J 1,589i5 1,639.8

(*i
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23

(•)
(•)
(•)
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(•)
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(•)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)

89.7
43,4
(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)

518.8
15.8
63.5
43.1
45.7
33.0
45.7
149.3
28.9
46.2
12.5

524.5
16.2
64.1
43.5
44.9
32.3
46.3
144.7
27.2
48. 1
13.1

120.7
41.2

122.0
41.2

1,317.0 1,309.9
96.2
97.4
23.0
23.3
87.6
87.3
7.1

6.8

40.7
177.3

40.1
176.4
1,079.8
773.7
597.3
514.5
23.6
60.9

(•)

774.3
597.0
514.9
23.3
61.5

(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*•)

(•)
(•)
(*)

125.8
43.1
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33
34

40
41
42
43
44
4b
46
47
48
49

(•)
(•)

50
51

<•)
(*)

52

(*)

53
54

(*)

55

(*)

56
57

(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)

58
59
60
61

99

ESTABLISHMENT

DATA

STATE A N D AREA

EMPLOYMENT

B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division-Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Total
Stata and area

1
2
3
4

NEW YORK—Continued
Rockland County .1.°.
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County \°.

5 NORTH CAROLINA
6 Asheville
7 Charlotte-Gastonia
8 Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Pt
9
Raleigh-Durham
10|NORTH DAKOTA
Fargo-Moorhead

Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
21 OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

Eugene-Springfield
Jackson County . . .
Portland
Salem?

25
26
2
28

29 •ENNSYLVANIA
30 Allen town-Beth lehem-Easton
31 Altoona
32 Delaware Valley 1.1
Erie
33
Harrisburg
34
35 Johnstown
Lancaster
36
Northeast Pennsylvania
37
Philadelphia SMSA
38
Philadelphia City V2
39
Pittsburgh
40
Reading
4
Scranton \ 3
42
Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton. *.* . . .
43
Williamsport
4
York
RHODE ISLAND
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket . . .
48 SOUTH CAROLINA . .
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartan burg
SOUTH DAKOTA
Rapid City .
Sioux Falls
55 TENNESSEE . . .
Chattanooga . .
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville-Davidson .
59
See footnotes at end of table.

1OO



FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

78.0
259.4
113.2
333.6

80.4
257.1
115.3
347*7

FEB.
196 OP

FEB.
1979

(•)
(•)
(•}
(•)

(D

(D

CD

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980 1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

CD
CD
CD

C*)
(•)
C*)
L*l

1.7
8.6
1.8
11.2

2.0
8.5
2.4
12.4

15.8
61.2
31.9
74.5

15.9
59.1
32.3
77.8

(1)
(1)
CD

4.9
CD
CD
CD
CD

4.9 115.2
3.1
CD
16.8
CD
16.3
CD
13.6
1

117.9
2.8
17.7
15.9
14.9

116.2
2.7
17.5
15.3
14.7

820.1
21.9
88.7
149.8
42.1

823.2
22.0
89.0
152.8
44.0

821.2
21.9
89.0
151.8
44. 1

239.4
62.8

4.7
(3)

5.9
(31

6.1
(3)

12.8
3.5

14.4
3.5

13.9
3.4

16.0
5.0

16.5
5.0

16.5
5.0

4,402.6
265.7
159.4
599.1
907.8
502.1
359.3
298.5
209.2

31.2
(•)
(*)
<*)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•}
<•}

31.4
C*J
C*i
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30.9 144.5
7.0
4.8
(•)
22.3
C*)
28.4
C*i
16.5
C*)
10.3
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9.5
(•)
5.6

159.2
7.7
5.7
25.3

1,049.8 1,104.3 1,107.6
365.7
397.4
394.8
277.9
288.4
287.9

58.0
13.3
17.4

1,042.7 1,047.9
102.0
101.8

2.0

2,326.4 2,395.2 2^391.1
68.6
70.2
70.1
326.5
326.4
321.6
391.4
390.0
383.1
271.5
272.4
259.6
230.4
60.6

240.2
62.5

4 # 391.6 4,413
267
266.7
159
156.2
600
590.4
908
902.0
503
491.9
359
361.4
300
302.3
210
208.9

1,011.7
102.3
533.9
85.7

552.6
88.4

(D
(1)
4.9

(D

(D

JAN.
1980

en
C*)
C*)
C*)
C*)
63.4
14.4
18.8

153.3 1,386.9 1,335.5 1,324.6
81.3
82.8
7.4
85.6
56.7
5.4
57.2
58.0
168.6
24.4
170.2
166.8
270.4
29.9
30.6
277.5
270.0
100.0
100.5
99.5
18.2
17.9
104.7
12.3
113.1
11.6
103.2
10.6
83.9
10.2
90.2
82.6
79.4
76.7
6.1
5.7
75.3

51.3
17.4
14.4

56.1
19.5
15.1

55.1
19.2
15.2

177.9
48.3
58.7

188.5
56.8
61.2

188.5
57.2
61.1

2.0
CD

2.1
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44.9
5.1

48.6
5.0

50.0
4.9

CD
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24.4
4.4

26.4
4.8

27.8
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220.9
19.8
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115.4
12.2
1,369.8
110.9
13.7
381.5
43.2
43.4
20.3

220.6
19.9

CD
CD

214.1
19.7
7.8
108.4
12.9

(1)

4,789.5
263.2
54.0
1,590.7
115.2
214.9
89.8
152.2
239.9
1,919.9
797*0
941.3
139.9
86.1
126.2
46.7
156.6

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263.1
53.3
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114.9
213.1
88.9
151.5
241.2
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796.0
938.2
139.4
86.2
126.1
46.3
155.2

51.6

1.0
(1)
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CD
CD
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391.7
402.5

390.5
401.0

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(1)

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1,149.1 1,164.1 1,186.8
146.3
146.9
141.3
180.5
180.0
173.9
263.4
263.8
257.2

1.9

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Ci
C*i
C*)

63.9
14.4
18.9

556.4
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4,694,
258
50
1,563
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212
87
149
239
1,884
795
934
136
85
126
47
152

c*>

C*>
C*)
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C*i

FEB.
1980P

50.5
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
9.4
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1.1
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115.9
C*i

C i 161.5 189.7
7.9
9.2
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2.1
3.0
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49.2
61.8
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2.8
3.0
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7.3
7.6
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2.5
2.9
9.2
7.1
7.6
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11.1
11.4
1.1
60.6
74.0
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15.6
18.5
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40.0
43.6
10.8
4.2
5.3
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1.7
2.3
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8.1
7.9
1.0
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1.5
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6.0
7.0
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18.4
39.4
5.2
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7.3
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1,375.9
109.6
12.5
381.5
44.5
42.2
20.1
60.2
74.0
452.2
146.2
253.6
55.3
28.1
41.1
18.3
64.7

CD
CD

10.5
10.6

11.7
11.8

10.8
10.9

132.1
147.7

130.3
145.2

142.4
249.4
54.4
28.7
40.6
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66.7
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144.8

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1.9
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67.1
10.2
7.9
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71.3
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71.3
11.4
8.1
16.1

394.3
19.4
26.4
105.5

399.1
18.9
27.6
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398.4
18.7
27.6
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234.1
29.6
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2.6
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9.3
2.1
2.4

9.9
2.3
2.3

9.6
2.2
2.2

25.5
2.8
7.3

26.7
3.0
7.3

26.4
3.0
7.3

1,734.7 1,777.6 1,775.9
174.6
175.8
175.3
193.6
194.5
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357.9
354.9
356.5
367.1
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10.4
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1.3
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10.1
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74.9
6.8
11.1
14.2
17.9

85.3
6.8
11.0
15.5
20.6

80.2
6.6
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15.4
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523.8
56.0
53.8
63.1
83.7

525.4
53.8
52.5
59.9
82.2

525.7
53.9
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59.5

391.0
402.7

230.1
27.6
52.3

234.0
29.2
52.4

CD
(D
(D
(D
(D

9.7

(D
1.1
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(D

11.0

(D
(D

(D
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(D

10.9

C*i
8.9
2.9
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2.9
7.0
2.8
7.3
10.5

60.3
73.4
454. 6
142.3
246.5
55.0
28.2
40.2
16.7
68.0

C*)
111.3
13.5
(*i
42.9
43.5
20.1
59.9
74.6

c*>

1*1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE A N D AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division-Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Wholesale and retail trade

public utilities

FEB.

JAM. FEB.

FEB.

1979

1980

1979

JAM.
1980

16.4
57.2
21.0
76.8

17.1
58.7
22.1
81.0

(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)

3.8
30.7
21.2
13.3

460.7
14.4
82.2
76.1
49.9

492.9
14.7
85.5
78.6
53.4

487.5
14.6
64.7
78.0
52.9

16.1
4.0

63.5
18.3

66.9
19.1

66.4
19.0

226.6 231.4 231.5
15.1 15.5 15.8

943.6
56.2
33.5
135.1
206.7
116.7
74.0
66.9
44.8

3.5

3.6

14.8

14.9

4.0

18.0

1 9 6 OP

(•)
(•)

4.0

i*)

18.7

(•)

112. 1 117. 1 118.0
3.6

3.7

29.9
21.1
12.4

30*6
21.2
13.2

15.2

16.0

3.8

4.0

FEB.
1980P

FEB.

1979

JAN. FEB.
1980 1980P

2.4

2.4

15.1

15.6
5.6
17.2

5.5

17.1
90.8

Government

Services

(*}
(•)
(*)
(•)

1979

JAM.
1960

16.6
52.9
19.8
78.7

17.7
51.2
19.6
82.6

FEB..

FEB.
1980P

(*)
(*>
(•)
(*)

FEB.

JAM.

1979

1980

21.6
49.7
29*2
57.4

21.7
49.1
29.2
57.9

FEB.
1960P

95.7
2.3
20.5
17.9
15.2

320.6
12.1
47.3
54.8
54.5

340.1
13.4
48.0
56.8
58.4

341.5
13.5
48.3
57.4
58.9

402.0
11.2
36.4
47.5
72.5

403.6
11.3
35.2
48.1
72.3

406.1
11.3
35.7
48.4
73.3

8
9

11.2
3.9

11.2
3.9

46.4
13.5

46.5
13.9

48.6
14.1

61. 1
12.9

60.6
13.1

60.6
13.4

10
11

972.1
58.6
35.0
139.0
211.8
121.2
75.5
68.1
46.9

959*5 193.9 202.7 202.7
9.5
56.7
9.5
9.2
5.6
5.7
5.3
34.5
137.4
31.2 32.1 32. 1
209.3 46.3 48.1 48.3
119.0 34.6 37.3 37.5
74.6
13.0 13.5 13.5
67.2
10.2 10.6 10.7
7.1
7»1
6.8
46.2

778.6
48.4
27.7
112*4
176.4
96.3
68.8
57*2
35.7

802.8
50.3
29.0

686.2
44.9
18.2
85.7
118.9
102.1
68.8
47.4
26.1

678.2
42.5
18.7
82.6
117.4
102.2
68.7
46.0
26.0

688.3
43.9
18.8
83.8
119.7
102.7
70.3
46.7
26.6

12

117.8
180.3
99.2
71.3
58.7
37.1

811.8
50.6
29.3
119.5
182.2
99.8
72.4
58.9
37.3

20.3
17.5
14.6
10.7
3.6

33.2
46.3
24.3
13.0
20.4
10.0

34.5
47.9
24.8
13.1
21.6
10.5

7.6
34.7
46.9
25.0
13.3
21.7
10.5

64.0
23.0
21-4

65.7
23.0
22.5

66.1
23.2
22.8

246.6
91.4
68.4

258.5
99.2
71.0

256.4
99.8
70.8

51.8
22.5
14.1

54.1
24.3
14.5

53.9
24.4
14.4

176.3
65.9
53.0

1d9.0
70.0
54.6

190.5
70.7
54.9

223.9
83.9
30.5

229.0
87.6
30.2

233.2
88.5
30.3

57.7

60.,6
5.3

60.9
5.3

246.4
25.7

256.6
25.6

254.2
25.2

65.8

5*2

69.5
5.4

70.0
5.4

179.6
18.5

183.1
18.7

183.8
18.7

201.2
22.9

201.4
22.2

206.3
22.4

34.8

36.2

36.3

42.4

44.3
5.7

44.6

2.9

143.1
19.3

142.4

2.7

137.7
18.3

104.6
14.3

105.4
15.6

( • ) 229.9 237.5
8.4
8.6
50.3
1.5
1.4
12.1
(*) 106.6 109.4
4.6
4.8
24.0
12.3 12.5
42.7
3.7
4.1
16.1
5.4
33.3
5.0
9.5
9.3
50.9
( • ) 122.5 125.5
150.2 69.3 69.6
200.4 43.9 44.6
6.2
5.8
26.6
3.4
3.4
19.8
5.3
26.2
5.1
2.1
2.0
9.9
3.8
3.9
30.8

(•)
8.6
1.5

916.4
39.8

965.4
40*7
8.7
376.7
21.2
36.8
15.9
24.4
41.7
441.3
211.7
202.5
23.1
16.3
18.7

(•)

5.2
5.5

6.6
4.2
7.1

2.3
7.1

6.6
4.2
7.1
2.3
6.7

962.3
49.5
10.9
329.6
22.8
43.6
16.1
32.8
50.6
414.3
150.9
199.6
26.3
19.7
26.0

2.3
6.9

31.5

978.6
50*6
12.3
332.1
24.4
43.5
16.4
33.9
51-1
418.9
152.2
204.7
27.0
19.9
26.3
9.9
31.1

13.3
13.2

13.2
13.0

13. 1
13.0

78.5
80.2

79.1
80.9

77.9
79.7

20*6
20.6

20.8
20.8

51.0
8.4
8.9
10.2

53.9

53.3
9.1
9.4
10.5

211.7
30.4
37.1
49.5

224.0
31.9
38.6
51*3

223.4
31.8
38.5
50.8

44.5
5.8
13.1
8.6

13.5
1.9
5.1

13.8

13.8
1.9
4.9

63.0
15.7

64.8
8.8
16.0

64.7
8.8
15.7

84.4
6.6
7.9
26.6
21.3

85.8

85.9
7.2

375.2
33.0
40.7
95.4
82.2

386.5
32.8
40.8
96.9
81.8

384.1
32.5

8.2

7.2

86. 1

84. 1

5.4

5.5

16.5

16.9

5.8
6.2

6.0
6.3

13.0
102.0
57.5

13.1
99.6
54.8
61.8

62.2
6.6
4.1
7.0

8.8
9.4

10.4
1.9
4.9
7.2
7.9

27.0
22.1

(•)

14.0
7.1
(•)
5.4

17.0
6.1
6.2
13.3
(•)
54.0
61.2

(•)

26.9




(•)

9.8

8.2

4

95.5
2.3
20.5
16.0
15.3

2.3

7.5

269.6 273.2
13.3 14.0

2
3

(•)
(*)

7.6

(•)

1

t*J
(*J

<•}

96.1
(•)

(•)

(•)

4.8
12.4
4.0
5.4
9.4
(•)

8.3

372.1
20.1
34.7
15.5
23.3
41.2
434.0
210.8

106.3
(•)
(*)

40.6
8.6
(•)

21.1
36.6
15.5
24.4
42.0
(•)

5
6
7

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

81.6
27.6

61.8
27.9

83.1
(*)

26
27
28

727.3
29.6

724.8
29.0

30
31

7.0

7.6

(*)
29.2
7.6

238.2
14.4
56.2
14.5
15.2
39.4
296.7
145.4
122.9
16.6
12.0
19.3

245.1
13.1
54.2
14.8
14.3
38.6

13.8
53.9
15.1
15. 0
39.4

306.0
147.9
126.7
16-7
11.8
19.7

(•)

(•)

29

32
33
34
35
36
37
38
9
0
1

7.8

6.6

6.4

20.6

21.2

21.3

19.0

18.9

146.2
126.9
17.3
11.6
19.9
6.3
18.9

21.6
21*0

76.0
73.5

76.8
74.0

77.8
74.9

60.0
56.9

59.8
56.8

59.8
56.7

6
7

47.4
6.1
13.7
9.3

47.5
6.1
13.8
9.3

145.2
22.0
25.4
33.8

152.2
23.8
26.9
35.7

153.9
24.1
26.5
35.8

233.4
45.1
55.1
34.3

234.3
45.5
55.8
34.7

237.1
45.7
56.6
34.6

8

10.6
1.3
3.2

11.2
1.3
3.4

11.4
1.3
3.5

47.2

47.2

56.4

6.1

11.8

47.2
5.9
11.7

5.6
6.8

57.5
6.0
6.8

58.1
6.3
6.6

2
3
54

75.8
9.8
7.9
19.1
23.2

77.2
10.0
8.1
19.8
24.4

76*6
10.0

272.4
28.2
29.3
69.0
65.6

287.8
26.8
30.0
71.2
71.9

290.1
28.9

319.3
35.1
42.2
67.5
63.9

323.2
35.0

69.8
44.6
6.2
3.4
5.3
2.1
3.9

(•)

19.7
(•)

201.4
21.7
16.0
18.4
7.5

5.7

7.8

215.0
205.5
23.1
16.5
18.7

11.6

71.1

317.8
33.0
42.2
67.4

(•>

62.2

(•)

2
3
4
5

9
0
1

(•)

67.6
(*)

101

5
6
7
8
9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8 Employees on nonagricurtural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry d i v i s i o n - C o n t i n u e d

Mining

Total
FEB.

1979
Amarillo
Austin

3
4
5

Beaumont-Port Arthur-Orange
Corpus Christi
Dallas-Fort Worth

6
7

El Paso }

8
9

Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Lubbock . . .

10
11

San Antonio

12

Waco
Wichita Falls . .

13
14

UTAH

15

Salt Lake City-Ogden

16 VERMONT
Burlington ! S

17
IP
1O

opringTieio

19 VIRGINIA
20
21

Bristol . . . .
Lynch burg

22

Newport News-Hampton

23
24

Northern Virginia '.*

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Po* tsmouth .'.

25

.'

Petersburg-Colonial Hgts.-Hopewell. . .
Richmond

26
27

Roanoke
2

28 WASHINGTON . . . .
29
Seattle-Everett 2 . . . .
Spokane ?
Tacoma

30
31

32 WEST VIRGINIA . .
Charleston
33
34
Huntington-Ashland .
35
Parkersburg-Marietta .
Wheeling .
36
37 WISCONSIN
Appleton-Oshkosh .
38
Eau Claire
39
Green Bay
40
41
Kenosha . . . .
42
La Crosse .
Madison
43
44
Milwaukee
Racine .

45

46 WYOMING
47
Casper . . .
Cheyenne

48
49

VIRGIN ISLANDS
1

FEB.
1980P

FEB.

1979

JAN. FEB.
1980 1980P

FEB.

1979

JAN. FEB.
1980 1980P

5,447.5 5,711.1 5,711.2 192.8 209. 1 210.0 387.9 426.7 424.5
5.3
5.3
4.8
76.0
76.0
73.9
(1)
(D
(D
232.8
(D
236.5
225.7
(D 13.6 12.9 12.9
(D
10.2
14.7
130.3
(•)
C*)
(D
(•)
141.5
(D
6.8
6.8
14.8
14.4
6.3
14.4
122.3
123.3
119.4
1,340.8 1,410.4 1,416.3 20.1 22.5 22.9 68.5 77.7 77.7
9.1
9.2
9.3
157.0
(1)
156. 1
154.0
(D
(D
5.3
4.6
5.3
67.1
66.5
67.5
O>
(D
CD
1,335.5 1,390.9 1,392.0 67.2 70.4 70.2 139.2 140.2 141.2
4.3
4.1
4.4
89.7
89.7
67.5
(1)
O)
25.7
23.3
2.1
381.8
2.0
26.1
2. 1
383.1
372.8
3.4
69.6
3
.
3
3
.
2
70.0
66.9
(1)
(D
CD
2.4
51.4
2.6
49.6
2.8
2.9
2.9
51.5
2.8

1 TEXAS
2

JAN.
1980

Manufacturing

Construction

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FJSB.
19802

995.7 1,042.0 1,026.3
9.6
9.6
9.1
29.8
29.8
27.1
29.1
38.3
(*)
15.5
15.2
14.7
313.0
312.1
303.0
31.3
31.5
31.5
11.9
11.9
10.5
232.7
224.0
230.2
13. 1
13.1
12.5
48.2
48,2
47.0
16.9
16.9
16.3
9.2
9.3
9.2

532.8
379.6

560.7
399.5

563.0
401.8

17.2

17.6

17.7

7.6

7.4

8.3

28.1
19.6

29.7
20.9

29.2
20.6

84.2
57.1

90.4
61.3

192.7
53.1
14.4

199.2
54.3
14.5

200.9
55.7

.7
-

.7
-

.7
-

7.3
-

9.8
-

9.3
-

49.3
13.4

50.8
14.4
c. i

51.0
14.3

414.1
9.7
29.6
34.1
29.8
16.9
12.0
55.7
20.8

414.1
9.6

307.1
172.7
17.4
22.1

(*)

ft 1
O. 1

2,028.7 2,097.2 2,086.4
27.8
28.1
27.8
72.6
69.6
72.3
147.8
135.3
145.9
284.0
278.9
281.7
424.5
410.3
421.7
46.6
46.2
46.5
325.2
318.7
324.3
104.1
102.2
103.5

24.4

23.8

(D

(D
(D
(D

(1)

di
(1)
•4
(1)
.4

.1

(1)
.4

23.7 111.6

(D
(D
CD
(1)
.4

(D

(1)

.4

.4

.1

.1

1.1
2.7
7.0
15.6
24.4
2.1
17.2
5.1

(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)

2.8
(1)
(1)

(•)
(*)
(*)
(•)

629.3
114.8
106.7
57.5
65.2

(*)
(•)
<•)
(*)
(•)

63.7

62.8

6.7
1.3
.5
6.2

6.8
1.3
.5
6.2

1,892.1 1,950.3 1,956.6
131.0
123.7
131.2
48.6
47.0
46.7
77.7
77.7
75.5
47.3
47.0
45.6
43.4
43.1
42.3
170.3
168.0
162.8
685.5
683.6
666.0
71.2
69.6
71.4

1.8

2.1

1.8

63.7

(D
(D
(D
CD
(D
(D

(D
(D
(D
di
(D
(D

5.1
1.4
3.0
2.4
1.4
6.5

(D
(D

(1)
(1)

(D
(D
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD

206.9
41.3
27.9

208.1
41.0
26.5

31.0
7.0

34.9
8.7

36.1
7.8

(D

(D

CD

J6.7

(•)

iH

(ij

(•)

1,589.0
770.4
126.8
(•1
140.1
(•)

(•)
(*)

(•}
(•>
(•)

<*J
(•)

187.2
36.0
27.7
JO. 1

633.6
116.0
107.5
57.3
65.1

(•)
(•)
(*>
(•)

(D

C*i

c*>
.<•)
C*i
C*)
C*J
(*)

c
*>
C*)

20.2

124.2 115.9
1.2
1.2
3.4
3.3
7.1
6.5
16.9
14.6
27.3
25.6
2.0
2.1
17.1
16.7
5.8
5.6
69.9
42.4
6.0
7.5

C*i
C*i
C*J
(*)

34.6
7.1
7.5
3.8
3.2

32.0

73.1
6.3
1.9
3.3
2.5
1.9
7.6
21.8

70.4

6.7
7.4
3.6
3.0
6.0
1.9

3.2
2.3
2.0
7.2

21.4

402.9
9.9
29.7
25.6
29.9
16.2
12.4
54.8

20.9
(*)

C*J
C*i
C*)

O.I

90.0

60.7

f% 1
D. 1

29.5
33.8
29.7
17.0
12.0
55.7
20.8
(•)
(•)
(*)

C*J

121.7
18.6
27-7
17.0
12.7

120.8
17.9
27.5
17. 1
12.7

577.3
48.8

563.9
50.3

580.1
49.8

C*)
C*)
C*)
<*}

8.9

9.0

8.9

21.3
18.7
10.9
19.6
217.0
31.6

21.0
19.8
10.8
20.4
219.4
32.0

20.6
19.7
10.7
20.3
218.9
32.0

10.7

10.2

2.0

2.0
1.5

3.1

1-3

1.9

1.7

18.1

19.5

19.8

3.2
1.9

4.2
2.0

4.5

2.0

9.7
1.6
1.8

2.8

(*i

3.1

1-8

Combined with services.

2
Revised to 1979 benchmark; not strictly comparable with previously
published data.
3
Combined with construction.
4
Area included in Chicago-Gary Standard Consolidated Statistical
Area.
5
Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan
Statistical Area: Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester Counties, New Jersey.
6
Subarea of New York-Northeastern New Jersey.
7
Subarea of Rochester Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
8
Area included in New York and Nassau-Suffolk combined SMSA's.
9
New York portion revised to 1979 benchmark; not strictly comparable
with previously published data.
10 Subarea of New York Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
11
Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan
Statistical Area: Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia

102




Counties, Pennsylvania.
12 Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan
Statistical Area: Philadelphia County.
13 Subarea of Northeast Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Area: Lackawanna Countv.
u Subarea of Northeast Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Area: Luzerne County.
is Total includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
" Subarea of Washington, D.C. Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area:
Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas, and Manassas Park cities and Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William Counties, Virginia.
p = preliminary.
* Not available.
SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricuKural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division-Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and

Finance, insurance,

Wholesale and retail trada

public utilities

Government

Service.

and real estate

JAN. FEB.
1980 1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

343.0 356.9 359.0 1,335,1 1,391.8 1 # 381.8 304.5 323.4 324.9
3.8
22.0
7.1
7.1
6.9
22.3
3.8
3.8
22.4
48.7
45.1
7.0
7.1
6.5
13.4 13.6 13.7
49.0
5
.
4
30.5
11.1
5
.
2
30.6
11.1
(•)
(*)
(•)
5.4
5,2
26.3
27.7
6.9
6.8
6.9
5.5
28.5
381.9
355.1
86.8
98.3 104.1 104.6
382.6
92.9 93.8
7.2
7.2
7.2
39.2
36.2
10.8
39.8
10.9 10.7
4.5
12.4
12.9
7.4
6.7
6.7
4.3
4.3
12.4
333.7
325.6
96.4
78.9 83.7 84.0
338.1
98.3 99.6
4.8
26.2
4.6
25.7
5.3
5.3
5.1
4.8
26.3
93.9
16.9
94.0 24.5 24.9
25.1
94.7
17.8 17.8
' 15.6
3.1
3.1
3.2
4.3
16.3
3.6
4.3
16.0
2.2
12.2
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.3
12.8
2.3
12.8

931.3
14.1
36.9
23.1
18.4
232.4
24.5
10.3
252.5
16.1
71.7
13.7

985.3
14.5
40.4
23.8
19.5
243.0
25.9
10.9
266.6
16.6
74.0
14.5

994.7
14.6
40.9

975.9
13.3
60.0
20.3
25.7
175.5
32.5
15.6
160.7
19.3
94.4
11.5
11.3

990.0
13.3
83.5
25.9
177.0
32.6
15.6
162.6
19.7
94.8
11.5
11.3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
g
10
11
12
13

127.9
91.5

14
15

F££.
1979

JAN. FEB.

1980 1980P

FEB.
1979

JAM.
1980

1980P

FBB.
1979

7.5

7.7

7.7

957.2
13.2
63.1
18.4
25.8
176.6
32.5
16.6
151.7
19.1
93.5
11.1
11.1

126.8
95.3

135.2
101.2

134.2
100.3

25.4
20.6

26.7
21.9

27.0
22.2

94.1
64.2

100.7
68.6

102.3
70.0

124.4
89.3

125.8
90.0

8.8
2.4
.7

36.9
11.3
2.1

40.7
11.6

40.6
12.2
2.1

7.5
-

7.9
-

8.0
-

43.7
11.0

45.4
11.2

45.4
11.3

36.6

35.1

2.9

3.0

3.1

-

-

112.0 113.5 113.7
1*1
1.1
1.1
2.7
2.8
2.6
4.9
4.9
5.0
19.0
18.9 18.9
27.4
26.7 26.6
1.6
1.6
1.4
18.9
19.5 19.4
10.1
10.0 10.0

425.2
6.7
11.4
27.2
66.7
95.9
8.3
74. 8
25.5

442.3

437.2 100.5 104.3 104.4
6.4
.9
.9
1.0
3.4
3.5
3.2
12.0
5.1
5.1
4.8
27.8
68.5
14.1 14.6 14.7
97.7
26.0 26.4 26.4
1.3
1.3
1.3
8.1
72.4
25.6 26.8 26.8
6.3
6.3
6.1
25.6

363.3

373.1

375.1

32.6
25.9
8.7
2.2
.7

34.6 34.7
28. 1 28.2
6.8
2.4
.6

<•>
(•)
(•)
<•)

88.8
51.7

<•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)

43.7

42.7

9.9
2-7
3.7

9.9
9.9
2.6
3.6

91.0

91.3

4.9
2.6
6.0
1.3
2.5

4.8
2.6
6.1
1.3

89.0
4.5
2.7
5.6
1.3
2.3

6.0

34.0

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

7.8
6.4

10.2

2.4

6.3! 6 . 3
34.7; 35.1

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

133.0
27.7
24.1
12.5
16.0

131.9
27.3
23.8
12.4
16.0

447.9
27.1
13.1
20.7

419.9
25.1
12.2
18.9
7.9
11.1

34.0 !
146.5
12.9

2.1

2.0

16.7

16.8

2.7

2.9
4.2

2.9
3.9

40.9
9.5
6.6

—1*L ...

?r?




8.2

73.7
25.7
386.4
165.3
36.0
33.4

2.1

2.0

6.7

12.3
28.3
68.7
98.5

(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)

15.8
4.1

2.1

(•)

19.6
245.4
26.0
11.0
270.5
16.5
75.0
14.5

488.8

3.5

3.5

4.7

5.0

10.6
26.5
53.1
109.1

10.9
25.9
52.9
1Q9.3

10.0
40.6
81.2
116.3
15.1
72.5
15.4

10.3
41.8
82.0
117.2
15.5
75.0
16.1

5.6

5.9

6.0

54.3
19.0

57.0
19.3

57.3
19.3

(*i

297.1
145.2
28.7
30.1

92.2
54.5
7.9
7.2

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

(•)
(•)
(•)

21.7
5.0
3.9
2.1
2.6

21.7
5.0
3.9
2.1
2.6

87.3
4.9
1.5
2.3
1.0
1. 1
11.5
37.1
2.2

93.0
5.2
1.5
2.4
1.0
1. 1
12.6
39.0
2.3

92.8
5.3
1.5
2.4
1.0
1.1
12.6
39.2
2.3

342.1
19.3

8.2
11.6
35.0
151.5
13.2

444.9
27.2
13.1
20.3
8.2
11.7
34.6
149.9
13.0

9.1

7.9
9.6

8.3
9.7

6.6
6.5

29.7
133.2
10.8

31.3
139.7
11.2

31.6
142.3
11.3

55.6
77.9

46.1
11.5
7.2

45.2
11.5
7.3

6.8
1.5
1.5

7.5 j

7.4
1.6
1.6

25.9

29.7

30.0

39.0

1.6
1.6

5.2
4.0

5.2
3.8

5.3
3.8

5.1
7.8

7.7

i*l

1.4

1.4

<*)

6.2

6.3

111

(•)
(•)

(•)
(•)

,

(*)
(•)
(•)
(•}
(•)

'(•)

501.9

3.4

10.0
25.1
52.4
103.7

(•)

(•I
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)

93-. 9
19.9
15.3

(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)

94.7
20.0
15.3

6.8

8.9

12.9

13.1

357.6
20.3

363.3
20.4

9.2

9.4

9.5

14.1

14.0

14.2

7.7

(*)
(•)
<•)
(•)
(*}
(*)
(*}
(•)
(*)

311.0
16.0
10.8
10.3

8.2

324.7
118.6
23.0
33.4
121.3
21.0
17.5
9.9
8.0

301.8
16.8
9.4
10.4
6.2
5.6
54.8
77.6
8.9
41.8
5.2
7.3

(•)

37.1 16
17
18
502.3
5.0
10.4
41.9
62.2
116.7
15.5
75.6
15.8
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

122.6
21.1
17.8
10.1
8.1

32
33
34
35
36

312.1
17.7
11.0
10.7
6.5
5.8
57.1
78.7
8.9

37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45

42.6 46
5 . 4 47
6 . 4 48

ill

49

103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1
on private nonagricultural payrolls by industry division, 1959 to date
Average
Year and
month

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Total private1

1959.
$ 7€.78
8C.67
1960
1961
82.60
85.91
1962
1963
88.46
1964
91.33
1965
95.45
1966
98.82
1967
101.84
196 8
107.73
1969
114.61
1970
119.83
1971
127.31
1972
136.90
1973
145.29
1974
154.76
1975
163.53
1976
175.45
1977
189.CO
1978
203.70
1979
219.91
1979:
214.91
MAR
APR
211.65
MAY
216.20
JUN
219.71
JDL
221.76
ADG
222.84
SEPT.... 225.90
OCT
225.62
NOV
226.06
DEC
229.40
1980:
225.34
JAN
FEB.P .. 226.75
MAR.P .. 228.80

39.0
38.6
38.6
38.7
38.8
38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7
37. 1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36. 1
36.0
3 5.8
35.7

$2.02 $103.68
2.09 105.04
2. 14 106.92
2.22 110.70
2.28 114.40
2.36 117.74
2.46 123.52
2.56 130.24
2.68 135.89
2.85 142.71
3.04 154.80
3.23 164.40
3.45 172.14
3.70 189. 14
3.94 201.40
4.24 219. 14
4.53 249.31
4.86 273.90
5.25 301.20
5.69 332.11
6.16 364.64

1979:
MAR..,
APR..,
MAY...
JUN..,
JUL..,
AUG..,
SEPT..
OCT...
NOV...
DEC...
1980:
JAN...
FEB.P
MAR.P
1
2

Manufacturing

$2.56 $108.41
112.67
2.60
118.08
2.64
122.47
2.70
127.19
2.75
132.06
2.81
138.38
2.92
146.26
3.05
154.95
3. 19
164.49
3.35
181.54
3.60
195.45
3.85
211.67
4.06
221.19
4.44
235.89
4.75
249.25
5.23
266.08
5.95
283-73
6.46
295.65
6.94
318.32
7.67
341.69
8.48

37.0
36.7
36.9
37.0
37.3
37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9
37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
36.9

$2.93 $ 88.26
89.72
3.07
92.34
3.20
96.56
3.31
99.23
3.41
3.55 102.97
3.70 107.53
3.89 112.19
4.11 114.49
4.41 122.51
4.79 129.51
5.24 133.33
5.69 142.44
6.06 154.71
6.41 166.46
6.81 176.80
7.31 190.79
7.71 209.32
8.10 228.90
8.65 249.27
9.26 268.94

40.3
39.7
39.8
40.4
40.5
40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6
39.8
39.9
40.5
40 r 7
40.0
39.5
40. 1
40.3
40.4
40.2

$ 2- 19
2.26
2.32
2.39
2.45
2.53
2.61
2*71
2.82
3.01
3.19
3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.69

i 2. 12
2.19
2.25
2.31
2.37

43
50
59
2.71
2.88
3.05
3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.42

8.97
9.02
9.14
9.13
9.24
9.32
9.51
9.49
9.50
9.57

266.34
254.41
265.86
269.06
267.73
267.60
274.04
274.85
277.14
285.07

40.6
38.9
40.1
40.4
39.9
40.0
40.3
40.3
40.4
40.9

6.56
6.54
6.63
6.66
6.71
6.69
6.80
6.82
6.86
6.97

6.28
6.34
6.36
6.39
6.45
6.42
6.51
6.54
6.59
6.69

35. 1
35.1
35.2

6.42
6.46
6.50

384.09
383.56
391.03

43.4
43.0
43.4

8.85
8.92
9.01

332.40
342.47
3H2.22

35. 1
35.6
35.5

9.47
9.62
9.64

277.01
277.50
280'.59

39.8
39.7
39.8

6.96
6.99
7.05

6.70
6.74
6.80

Wholesale and
retail trade

41.
41.
41.
40.
40.
40.
40.5
40. 1
40.4
40.5
40.2

Finance, insurance, and
real estate

$1.66 $ 72.74
1.71
75. 14
1.76
77.12
1.83
80.94
1.89
84.38
1.97
85.79
2.04
88.91
2.14
92.13
2.25
95.72
2.41 101.75
2.56 108.70
2.72 112.67
2.88 117.85
3.05 122.98
3.23 129.20
3.48 137.61
3.73 148. 19
3.97 155.43
4.28 165.26
4.67 17B.36
5.06 191.66

164.96

38.8
38.6
38.3
38.2
38. 1
37.9
37.7
37.1
36.6
36.1
35.7
35.3
35. 1
34.9
34.6
34.2
33.9
33.7
33.3
32.9
32.6

7.90
7.88
7.94
8.03
8. 19
8.32
8.45
8.45
8.52
8.55

161.35
162.50
162.00
165.16
168.17
167.99
167.75
167.38
167.83
170.42

32.4
32.5
32.4
32.9
33.3
33.2
32.7
32.5
32.4
32.9

4.98
5.00
5.00
5.02
5.05
5.06
5.13
5.15
5.18
5.18

187.31
190.37
188.44
188.96
192.56
191.50
195.29
194.93
197.29

8.56
8.60
8.62

170.35
170.98
172.16

31.9
31.9
32.0

5.34
5.36
5.38

201.47

38

39.7
39.8
39.9
4 0.0
39.9

314, 42
307. 32
314. 42
321. 20
327. 60
335. 30
337. 16
337. 16
342. 50
342. 00

39.8
39.0
39.6
40.0
40.0
40.3
39.9
39.9
4 0.2
4 0.0

338, 12
341. 42
343. 08

39.5
39.7
3 9.8

90 80

Hourly
earnings excl.
overtime

37.0
35.5
37.2
37.9
37.7
38.0
37.9
37.6
36.5
37.1

$2.89
3.03
3*11
3-23
3.42
3.63
3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.18

31
48
44
71

Hourly
earnings

331.89
320.21
340.01
346.03
348.35
354.16
360.43
356.82
346.75
355.05

67.41
69.91
72.01

1974

40.5
40.4
40.5
41.0
41.6
41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0
42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42. 4
43.4
43.3
43.0

Weekly
hours

8.27
8.54
8.45
8.49
8.52
8.48
8.57
8.57
8.70
8.73

66.01

1975
1976
1977
1978...
1979

Weekly
earnings

42.9
42.6
4 2.8
43.3
41.7
43.1
43.5
43.7
43.7
43.9

$ 64.41

86

Hourly
earnings

354.78
363.80
361.66
367.62
355.28
365.49
372.80
374.51
380.19
383.25

1960

1971
1972
1973

Weekly
hours

6.02
6.03
6.09
6.12
6.16
6.19
6.31
6.32
6.35
6.39

1961
78
14
13
82
85
74
S3
82

Weekly
earnings

35.7
35.1
35.5
35.9
36.0
36.0
35.8
35.7
35.6
35.9

1959...,

$118.
125.
128.
130.
138.
147.
155.
168.
187.
203.
217.
233.
25€.
278.
302.
326.

Hourly
earnings

Mining

Transportation and
public utilities

1962
1963
1964
1965
1966...,
1967
1968
1969
1970

Weekly

74.66

76.91
79.39
82. 35
87.00
91.39
96.02

101.09
106.45
111.76
119.02
126.45
133.79

142.52
153.64

19 9.84
20 3.28
20 6.75

Services

37.3
37.2
36.9
37.3
37.5
37.3
37.2
37.3
37. 1
37.0
37. 1
36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.3

$1.95
2.02
2.09
2.17
2.25
2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93
3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.90
5.28

36.3
36.4
36*1
36.2
36.4
36.2
36.3
36.3
36.4
36.4

36.3
36.3
36.4

6 7C.03
73.60
77.04

36.1

103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27

35.9
35.5
35. 1
34.7
34.7
34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32. 8
32.7

$ 1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61
2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

5.16
5.23
5.22
5.22
5.29
5.29
5.38
5.37
5.42
5.49

171.48
171.93
171.28
173.38
176.16
175.96
178.22
178.65
180.60
183.68

32.6
32.5
32.5
32.9
33.3
33.2
32.7
32.6
32.6
32.8

5.26
5.29
5.27
5.27
5.29
5.30
5.45
5.48
5.54
5.60

5.55
5.60
5.68

183.63
184.93
186.47

32.5
32.5
32.6

5.65
5.69
5.72

80-38

83.97
90.57
96.66

For coverage of series, see footnote 1. table B-2.

Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959.

p = preliminary.




105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagricufoiral payrolls
by industry
Average weekly earnings
1972
SIC
Code

Av#rsQ9 hourly ttrninpi

Induitry

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

1980

p

Mar. „
1980 p

$212.40 $214.91 $225.34 $226.75 $228.80

TOTAL PRIVATE . . . .
MINING

Feb.
1979

liar.
1979

Jan.
1980

1980

p

$6.00

$6.02

$6.42

$6.46

$6.50

354.78

384.09

383.56

391.03

8.21

.8.27

8.85

8.92

9.01

367.38
391.73
388.67

365.09
389.42
380.16

406.72
424. 11
434.60

407.30
428.45
431.34

_
-

8.81
9.11
9.06

8.84
9.12
9.03

9.92
10.55
10.25

9.91
10.45
10.27

398.12
400.32

410.52
411.76

433.67
434.92

43 0.54
431.38

-

9.83
9.86

9.94
9.97

10.35
10,36

10.30
10.32

METAL MINING
Iron ores . .
Copper ores

11 12
12

COALMINING
BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE MINING

13
131,2

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and
natural gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

332.38

3-32.32

369.90

371.13

7<52

7.57

8.22

8.34

363.17
319.37

354.38
322.54

380.59
3 65.96

381.92
367.08

8.73
7.05

8.75
7.12

9.26
7.87

9.43
7.98

NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS . . .
Crushed and broken stone

282.05
266.25

294.15
291.92

299.63
294.81

305.58
297.54

-

6.59
6.25

6.61
6.36

7.05
6.67

7.19
6.84

342.22

138
14
142

319.31

331.89

332.40

342.47

289.80
2 74.97
249.98
313.79

303.72
287.65
264.79
328.34

303. 28
287.39
265.44
325.38

312.93
289.65
270.57
341.87

Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

314.57
284.36
325.13

330.80
298.89
343.47

316.30
281.89
326.75

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing, heating, air conditioning
Painting paper hanging decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

336.00
3 54.46
308.04
397.36
309.26
291.94
242.65

346.30
362.12
315.39
407.72
323.99
303.41
277.05

352.90
3 82.04
316.11
424.13
320.46
298.98
254.3Q

CONSTRUCTION

.

15
152
153
154

GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

16
161
162

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

....

p

349.75

10
101
102

..

Mar.
1980

-

_

9.02

8.97

9.47

9.62

8.40
8.04
7.44
8.94

8.39
8.08
7.48
8.85

8.74
8.33
7.83
9,27

8.89
8.42
7.82
9.47

-

324.86
293.92
337.55

8.30
7.31
8.67

8.27
7.38
8.63

8.48
7.66
6.79

8.64
7.88
8.93

-

361,18
385.10
321.30
425.24
333.98
301.03
275.28

-

9.60
9.58
9.06
10.54
9.40
8.82
8.17

9.54
9.56
8.96
10.59
9.31
8.82
8.37

10.17
10.27
9.27
11.31
9.80
9.06
8.83

10.29
10.38
9.45
11.37
9.94
9.04
8.88

-

-

9.64

-

-

-

-

262.10

266.34

277.01

277.50

280.59

6.52

6.56

6.96

6.99

7.05

24, 25,

DURABLE GOODS

286.06

289.39

297.82

299.49

303.46

6.96

6.99

7.39

7.45

7.53

20-23,

NONDURABLE GOODS .

226.40

229.91

244.92

243.90

245.07

5.82

5.85

6.28

6.27

6.30

5.83
7.34
6.04
6.38
4.19
5.81
5.56
5.43
4.62
7.23
4.35
5.46
5.36
4.84

a.84
7.49
6.05
6.37
4.20
5.81
5.57
5.43
4.65
7.24
4.35
5,. 50
5.41
4.83

6.22
8.04
6.33
6.65
4.53
6.18
6.02
5.63
4.95
7.77
4.82
5.92
5.89
5 21

6.33
8.27
6.44
6.76
4.58
6.29
6.20
5*71
5.01
7.76
4.80
5.87
5.84

6.36

4.93
4.64
4.30
4.98
4.81
5.26
5.31
5.31
5.88
5.41

4.95
4.67
4.33
5.01
4.82
5.28
5.36
5.35
5.92
5.37

5.27
4.93
4.57
5.26
5.16
5.56
5.68
5.68
6.42
5.92

5.33
4 99
4.61
5.34
5.16
5.66
5 77
5.7$
6.46
5.89

MANUFACTURING ..

DURABLE GOODS
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Mil I work, plywood, and structural members . . . .
Millwork
. .
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wooden containers .
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

227.37
2 86.99
242.20
256.48
171.37
2 26.01
212.39
204.17
182.95
2 97.88
164.43
194.92
191.35
190.70

231.85
293.61
247.45
260.53
171.36
228.91
216.12
206.88
186.93
302.63
168.78
202.95
199.63
194.17

236.98
2 87.83
246.24
258.02
180.29
237.93
2-31.17
216.76
191.57
303.03
180.75
209.57
2 09.10
206,32

242.44
315.09
251.16
264.32
179.54
240.91
239.32
212.98
192.89
303.42
178.08
201.93
201.48
211.73

242.32

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
. .
....
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture . . .
.
...
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

167.83
174.46
165.98
184.26
1 75.08
193.04
210.28
215.06
227.56
206.66

193.05
161.20
171.47
190.88
186.53
198.00
214.94
215.61
230.29
208.89

202.37
187.63
177.32
195.15
197.11
210.17
224.36
219.82
250.38
225.55

203.61
189.62
176.56
199.18
197.63
216.21
225.03
220.80
251.29
225.00

205.13

See footnotes at end of table.

106




-

-

-

-

5 oo

5.37

-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry — Continued
Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
1972
SIC
Code

Feb.
1979

TOTAL PRIVATE . . .
MINING

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980

35.4

35.7

35.1

35.1

35.2

42.6

42.9

43.4

43.0

43.4

41.7
43.0
42.9

41.3
42.7

42. 1

41.0
40.2
42.4

41.0
42.0

41.3
41.3

41.9
41.9

41.8
41.8

10
101
102

METAL MINING

11,12
12

COALMINING
BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE MINING .

40.5
40.6

13
131,2

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural
gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

44.2

43.9

45.0

44.5

41.6
45.3

40.5
45.3

41. 1
46.5

40.5
46.0

NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS .
Crushed and broken stone

42.8
42.6

44.5
45.9

42.5
44.2

'43.5

14
142

Iron ores
Copper ores

CONSTRUCTION .

35.4

37.0

35.1

35.6

34.5
34.2
33.6
35.1

36.2
35.6
35.4

37. 1

34.7
34.5
33.9
35.1

35.2
34.4
34.6
36.1

16
161
162

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS .
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

37.9
38.9
37.5

40.0
40.5
39.8

37.3
36.8
37.4

37.6
37.3
37.8

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing, heating, air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

35.0
37.0
34.0
37.7
32.9
33.1
29.7

36.3
37.8
35.2
38.5
34.6
34.4
33.1

34.7
37.2
34.1
37.5
32.7
33.0
28.8

35.1
37.1
34.0
37.4
33.6
33.3
31.0

..

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb. ^
1980 '

1980

42.5

GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS .
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction . .

MANUFACTURING

Feb.
1979

41. 1

15
152
153
154

24, 25,
32-39
20-23,
26-31

Mar.
1980 '

35.5

40.2

40.6

39.8

39.7

39.8

3.5

3.6

3.0

2.S

3.0

DURABLE GOODS

41. 1

41.4

40.3

40.2

40.3

3.9

3.9

3.1

3.0

3.1

NONDURABLE GOODS . .

38.9

39.3

39.0

38.9

38.9

3.0 J

3. 1

2.9

2.8

2.8

39.0
39.1

39.7

38. 1

3.5 !
5.1 j
4.3

40.2
40.9
38.9
38.2
37.6
39.6
41.2
37.8
35.7
35.7
39.4

35.8
38.9
38.8
39.8
38.5
38.4
38.5
38.7
39.0
37.5
35.4
35.5
39.6

38.3
38.1
39.0
39.1
39.2
38.3
38.6
37.3
38.5
39.1
37.1
34.4
34.5
40.1

38.1

39.2
40.9
40.9
40.8
39.4
38.8
38.1
40.2
41.8
38.8
36.9
36.9
40.2

4.8
3.0
1.5
1. 1
3.2

3.5
4.5
4.5
4.8
3.5
2.9
1.8
2. 1
3.7
5. 1
3.1
1.5
1.1
3.3

2.7
2.8
3.5
3.7
3. 1
2.3
1.4
2. 1
3.0
3.7
2.3
1.3
1.2
2.8

2.9
3.3
3.8
4.0
2.8
2.4
1.4
1.9
2.7
4.1
2.4
1.2
1. 1
3.22 I

38.1
37.6
38.6
37.0
36.4
36.7
39.6
40.5
38.7
38.2

39.0
38.8
39.6
38.1
38.7
37.5
40.1
40.3
38.9
38.9

38.4
38.1
36.8
37.1
38.2
37.8
39.5
38.7
39.0
38.1

38.2
38.0
38.3
37.3
38.3
38.2
39.0
38.2
38.9
38.2

38.2

2.2
2.2
2.9
1.4
1.5
1.8
2.5
2.0
2.2
2.4

2.2
2.2
2.9
1.4
2.0
2.1
2.5
2.1
2.0
2.1

2.0
1.8
2.2
1.3
1.3
2.3
2.3
2.5
2.5
1.5

1.9
1.8
2.2
1.1
1.7
2.5
2.2
2.1
2.3
1.2

DURABLE GOODS
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS

25
251
2511
2512

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

2514
2515
252
253
254
259

Logging camps and logging contractors . . . .
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wooden containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

40. 1

,

,

4.6
3.5
2.9
1.9

2.2
3.6

See footnotes at end of table.




107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls

by industry-Continued
Average weekly earnings

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273

Feb.
1979

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee . . -.
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

329
3291
3292

Average hourly earning!

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

$267.
361.
2 75.
285.
260.
261.
381.
218.
2 16.
2 56.
241.
230.
270.
278.
267.
284.

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

$277.55 $282.
361.44 362.
280.38 297.
288.6 7 306.
269.07 286.
269.45 252.
401.56 412.
224.39 235.
218.90 232.
277.10 269.
265.09 2 50.
246.03 246.
299.94 279.
282.91 295.
270.63 287,
289.39 298.

Feb.
1980 P

Mar.
1980 P

$285.20 $293.30
367.20
300.24
311.81
284.89
254.40
422.42
235.79
238.19
269.43
249.48
246.80
281.82
299.22
282.91
301.08

Feb.
1979

$6.58
8.17
6.86
7.04
6.62
6.50
9.05
5.34
5.54
6.41
6.08
5.71
7.09
6.61
6.49
6.63

$6.64
8.29
6.94
7.11
6.71
6.54
9.21
5.42
5.50
6.52
6.06
5.83
7.21
6.61
6149
6.73

8.75
10.15
10.50
8.18
7.70
7.89
8.29
7.23
9.02
9.62
7.63
7.14
9.23
7.20
6.48
6.76

8.75
10.07
10.39
8.32
7.76
7.95
8.36
7.29
9.11
9.75
7.75
7.10
9.47
7.28
6.55
6.84

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

368.38
428.33
4 42.05
3 48.47
321.86
327.44
341.55
308.00
377.04
396.34
325.04
314.16
3 96.89
305.28
266.98
278.51

366.63
418.91
430.15
354.43
325.14
333.11
346.10
307.64
378.98
402.68
335.58
312.40
417.63
312.31
269.21
279.76

378.51
434.00
446.95
3 56.06
319.87
315.97
343.88
J31.00
419.50
436.72
355.28
313.50
425.57
335.48
276.29
279.90

381.92
441.46
457.38
351.01
321.91
314.02
335.51
337.98
415.83
431.01
350.70
315.33
423.02
328.50
276.98
281.29

386.11

271.99
370.23
380.09
255.67
246.21
266.12
231.28
229.14
219.27
251.70
265.07
195.58
279.45
253.84
247.63
2 74.05
251.24
297.70
323.53
359.13
387.66
2 42.84
219.37
210.77
2 37.80
263.49
241.52
260.38
276.47
228.42

277.54
380.63
390.06
263.90
253.34
275.67
236.19
237.31
224.25
257.04
273.64
198.39
284.66
260.00
242.96
276,86
250.06
304.41
331.21
369.80
397.52
247.21
223.17
217.01
237.31
266.56
243.61
261.43
279.54
230.36

286.64
404.66
417.41
269.17
265.60
274.40
257.68
254.18
243.20
280.09
292.18
224.62
321.56
272.53
257.36
280.06
262.08
298.69
315.99
356.98
377.28
256.14
230.84
224.19
244.82
291.40
264.80
279.19
299.88
246.00

287.65
398.18
411.17
267.92
263.21
274.95
259.29
256.44
240.17
276.61
291.77
220.02
317.12
269.97
253.84
281.37
259.38
304.20
322.00
361.40
385.53
257.35
234.55
228.74
246.85
291.99
267.24
278.53
301.80
239.40

291.91

3496

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades. .
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, exc. for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

6.65
8.61
8.86
6.36
6.14
6.62
5.87
5.70
5.74
6.34
6.66
5.12
6.90
6.41
6.16
6.30
5.87
6.72
7.74
8.47
9.23
5.88
5.39
5.23
5.73
6,49
6.13
6.32
6.63
5.64

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery

304.30
361.25
316.61
374.96
335.26
351.70
324.36

306.29
360.82
320.58
373.63
336.97
351.74
325.21

318.31
372.25
332.99
383.40
336.20
349.00
333.74

319.97
378.68
336.20
391.48
338.66
351.52
337.42

322.46

7.16
8.50
7.76
8.72
7.87
8.16
7.65

33
331
3312

3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336

3361
34
341
3411
342
3423,5

3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483

349
3494

See footnotes at end of table.

108



Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

$7.05
9.08
7.42
7.65
7.14
6.24
9.80
5.84
5.97
6.89
6.34
6.23
7.55
7.10
7.03
7.15

Feb.
1980 P

Mar.
1980 P

$7.13
9.18
7.45
7.68
7.14
6.36
10.01
5.88
6.03
6.98
6.48
6.28
7.70
7.21
7.02
7.29

$7.26

9.51

9.30

9.43

10.85
11.23
8.77
7.84
7.86
8.47
7.77
10.06
10.60
8.34
7.50

11.12
11.55
8.71

9.92
7.82
6.89
6.98

9.93

6.72
8.75
9.05
6.50
6.24
6.79
5.89
5.76
5.75
6.41
6.74
5.18
6.96
6.50
6.12
6.35
5.87
6.81
7.83
8.58
9.42
5.90
5.43
5.28
5.76
6.47
6.06
6.33
6.64
5.66

7.06
9.26
9.53
6.78
6.64
7.00
6.41
6.23
6.22
6.95
7.25
5.73
7.62
6.97
6.45
6.70
6.24
7.18
7.88
8.88
9.60
6.34
5.80
5.69
6.03
7.09
6.62
6.76
7.14
6.00

7.12
9.26
9.54
6.80
6.63
7.05
6.45
6.27
6.19
6.95
7.24
5.70
7.66
6.94
6.41
6.78
6.25
7.33
8.05
8.99
9.81
6.37
5.82
5.69
6.08
7.07
6.55
6.81
7.22
5.97

7.19

7.19
8.53
7.80
8.75
7.91
8.18
7.67

7.67
9.26
8.43
9.49
8.20
8.43
8.20

7.71
9.42
8.49
9.69
8.22
8.45
8.27

7.77

7.89
7.89
8.43
7.86
10.02
10.59
8.39
7.58
7.84
6.89
6.98

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by Industry—Continued
Average weekly hours
1972
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Industry

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980

p

Mar.
1980

p

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete .
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

40.6
44.2
40.1
40.6

41.8
43.6
40.4
40.6

40.1
39.9
40.1
40.1

40.0
40.0
40.3
40.6

39.4
40.2
42.1
41.0
39.1
40.0
39.7
40.3
38.2
42.2
41.2
42,9

40.1
41.2
43.6
41.4
39.8
42.5
43.6

40. 1

41.6
42.8
41.7
43.0

40.4
42.1
40.4
39.0
39.1
39.5
39.5
37.0
41.6
40.9
41.8

39.9
40.0
42.2
40.1
39.5
38.6
38.5
39.3
36.6
41.5
40.3
41.3

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing

42. 1

41.9
41.6
41.4
42.6
41.9
41.9
41.4
42.2
41.6
41.3
43.3

40.7
40.0
39.8
40.6
40.8
40.2
40.6
42.6
41.7
41.2
42.6

40.5
39.7
39.6
40.3
40.8
39.8
39.8
43.0
41.5
40.7
41.8

44.0
43.0
42.4
41.2

44.0

44. 1
42.9

41.8
42.9
42.9

41. 1

40. 1

41.6
42.6
41.9
40.2

41.2

40. 9

40. 1

40.3

40.9
43.0
42.9
40.2

41.3
43.5
43.1
40.6
40.6
40.6
40.1
41.2
39.0
40.1
40,6
38.3
40.9
40.0
39.7
43.6
42.6
44.7
42.3
43.1
42.2
41.9
41.1

40.6
43.7
43.8
39.7
40.0
39.2
40.2
40.8
39.1
40.3
40.3
39.2
42.2
39.1
39.9
41.8
42.0
41.6
40.1
40.2
39.3
40.4
39.8
39.4
40.6
41.1

40.6

41.3
42.0
41.0

40.4
43.0
43.1
39.4
39.7
39.0
40.2
40.9
38.8
39.8
40.3
38.6
41.4
38.9
39.6
41.5
41.5
41.5
40.0
40.2
39.3
40.4
40.3
40.2
40.6
41.3
40.8
40.9
41.8
40.1

41.5
40.2
39.5
40.4
41.0
41.4
40.7

41.5
40.2
39.6
40.4
41.2
41.6
40.8

41.5

3351
3353
3357
336
3361

Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet plate and foil . . .
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

42.2

42. 1
42.6
41.8
41.5
41.2
42.6
41.8
41.2
42.6

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery hand tools and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades . .
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods .
Heating equipment except electric
Fabricated structural metal products . .
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work .
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products . . . .
....
Bolts nuts rivets and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
....
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories nee
Ammunition exc for small arms nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc fabricated wire products
....

39.4
40.2
38.2
39.7
39.8
38.2
40.5
39.6
40.2
43.5
42.8
44.3
41.8
42.4
42.0
41.3
40.7
40.3
41.5
40.6
39.4
41.2
41.7
40.5

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery .
Farm machinery and equipment . . .
Construction and related machinery

42.5
42.5
40.8
43.0
42.6
43.1
42.4

40. 1
40.2.

'42.2

41. 1
41.2
41.2
40.2
41.3
42.1
40.7
42.6
42.3
41.1
42.7
42.6
43.0
42.4

40. Q

-

-

40.6

-

-

_
-

_

-

Feb.
1979

Jan.
1980

Mar.
1979

Feb.
1980

P

Mar.
1980

P

5.9
4.0
4.4

5.7
4.0
4.5

3.7
3.7
4.0

3.9
4.1
4.6

-

4.7
4.3
3.9
2.3
4.7
4.7
4.1
4.3
4.6
3.6
3.7

4.5
5.4
4.0
2.5
5.8
6.6
4.9
5.8
4.6
3.8

2.5
4.1
3.4
2.6
4.0
3.8
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.2
3.0

-

3.?

2.2
3.7
3.4
2.2
4.1
4.0
3.7
3.5
3.8
3.6
3.4

4.4
4.0
3.9
4.9
4.8
4.8
5.0
4.6
3.6
3.7
5.2

4.3
3.7
3.5
4.7
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.6
3.8
3.9
5.6

3.2
2.5
2.3
2.1
3.3
2.9
3.6
4.3
3.9
3.8
4.8

3.2
2.7
2.7
2.7
3.3
2.7
2.9
4.4
3.9
3.6
4.2

6.6
4.5
3.9

7.7
4.8
4.0

5.9
4.5
2.9

5.7
4.1
2.8

3.6
5.0
4.7
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.8
3.1
2.3
2.6
3.3
1.6
2.6
2.8
2.2
5.6
5.7
5.5
4.6
5.2
5.2
3.7
3.8
3.5
4.3
2.7
1.7
3.6
3.7
3.2

3.7
5.1
4.6
3.4
3.5
3.4
2.1
3.2
2.1
2.7
3.7
1.5
2.6
3.0
1.7
5.7
5.5
5.9
4.8
5.2
5.6
3.9
3.8
3.7
4.1
2.6
1.7
3.5
3.7
3.5

3.1
5.1
5.1
2.5
2.7
2.1
3.4
3.6
2.8
2.9
3.3
2.3
3. 1
2.9
2.6
4.3
4.7
3.9
3.0
3.7
2.2
3.1
3.3
3.0
4.1
2.6
1.7
3.0
3.4
2.9

3.0
4.8
4.9
2.4
2.6
2.1
3.1
3.4
2.3
2.6
3.2
2. 1
2.7
2.4
2.4
4.0
4.5
3.5
3.0
4.0
2.1
3.2
3.4
3.1

4.5
4.5
3.8
4.7
5.8
6.2
3.7

4.5
4.3
3.8
4.4
5.4
5.7
3.6

3.9
2.9
3.0
2.9
3.9
4.1
3.4

3.8
3.1
3.2
3.1
3.8
4.0
3.4

.

_
-

-

_
-

_

_
-

.4.1

2.6
1.6
2.9
3.4
2.4

-

See footnotes at end of table.




109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricurtural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Industry

1972
SIC
Code

3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561

3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585

359
3592
3599
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622

363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651

366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691

3694
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374

Feb.
1979

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL—Continued
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyers and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee

268.13
269.34
258.15
278.36
277.44
277.71
279.62
271.08
303.07
323.52
218.04
246.00
273.38
238.10
258.05
184.19
238.23
244.86
318.37
336.80
305.11
230.62
304.26
266.09
213.79
293.88
293.31
319.55

269.
269.
261.
276.
282.
282.
279.
272.
306.
316.
218.
245.
272.
237.
256.
183.
242.
248.
319.
336.
307.
230.
303.
264.
214.
294.
292.
325.

356.17
388.72
422.84
286.53
380.46
229.51
341.97
349.80
353.50
310.59
276.61
296.96
221.29
361.47

352.08
361.42
384.84
304.57
358.20
245. 12
367.98
374.95
383.87
334.48
304.52
321.19
246.52
374.14

353.12
369.74
401.20
305.33
360.08
249.45
371.42
381.97
380.28
341.06
277.61
283.52
257.20
376.36

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Shipbuilding and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment

351.54
382.17
4 15.51
274.03
375.28
230.47
342.71
352.67
3 49.29
314.32
272.44
293.92
216.12
356.04




Feb. 1.
1980

250.71
253.79
241.08
264.04
260.38
264.09
250.31
251.43
268.00
295.07
213.33
231.26
254.61
217.75
237.10
170.62
227.18
232.16
291.87
294.69
289.54
209.79
273.31
239.25
196. 18
294.28
2 95. 80 287.83
326.03 331.66

248.27
2 48.62
233.42
260.90
2 58.52
261.35
2 48.46
247,38
269.87
284.07
208.68
230.52
257.71
215.61
233.16
173.74
217.74
223^02
289.10
293.56
286.62
208.87
267.49
2 40.66
193.91
293.66

110

Jan.
1980

Mar. !
1980

356.59 1356.16 $355.42 $359.45
330.71 322.24 341.11 346.88
3 00.24 308.70 325.71 330.65
268.16 271.55 298.91 302.41
2 92.46 288.01 291.06 291.00
329.45 332.72 351.04 350.04
342.45 341.69 367.20 371.17
327.56 330.71 350.10 348.43
362.18 366.62 3 80.88 383.17
292.28 295.31 324.69 317.89
2 44.50 24*5.78 261.24 253.79
282.66 286.28 307.33 306.71
297.65 300.42 318.37 320.49
227.98 230.88 243.60 246.97
285.69 290.07 333.52 320.35
2 96.65 300.17 317.82 313.94
2 98.07 299.88 314.36 316.11
300.33 305.73 325.28 315.42
302.54 303.64 332.54 335.07
260.53 266.24 290.21 286.53
335.98 342.85 359.96 357.01
2 96.50 293.16 303.07 303.48
244.85 246.10 259.78 263.68
244.70 245.61 262.50 266.39
262.44 262.99 275.71 277.90
269.58 270.27 282.03 284.89
296.70 302.67 309.48 313.58
351.11 342.66 350.07 356.17
286.14 294.50 301.90 305.76

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric house wares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

See footnotes at end of table.

Mar.
1979

$271.35

360.80

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb. r
1980

$8.47
7.62
6.95
6.40
6.98
7.42
7.61
7.60
7.96
6.75
5.92
6.73
7.07
5.52
6.77
7.08
7.08
7.10
7.29
6.37
7.55
6.96
5.90
5.84
6.48
6.64
6.90
8.09
6.67

$8.48
7.60
7.00
6.45
6.94
7.46
7.61
7.62
7.97
6.82
5.98
6.80
7.17
5.55^
6.89
7.13
7.14
7.16
7.37
6.40
7.67
6.98
5.93
5.89
6.43
6.56
6.99
8. 12
6.77

$9.09
8.18
7.61
7.22
7.35
7.96
8.16
8.18
8.54
7.43
6.22
7.30
7.69
6.00
7.58
7.64
7.63
7.60
7.88
7.01
8.43
7.41
6.29
6.31
6.98
7.14
7.53
8.73
7.31

$9. 10
8.22
7.78
7.34
7.33
8.01
8.23
8.16
8.63
7.41
6.19
7.32
7.76
5.98
7.52
7.62
7.71
7.51
7.94
7.04
8.48
7.42
6.40
6.45
7.00
7.14
7.52
8.44
7.35

6.13
6.20
5.85
6.49
6.29
6.39
6.06
6.20
6.68
7.21
5.31
5.72
6.18
5.35
5.80
4.56
5.73
5.90
7.00
7.16
6.89
5.17
6.43
5.73
4.86
7.18
7.25
8.09

6.16
6.19
5.88
6.44
6.32
6.41
6.12
6.27
6..70
7.34
5.32
5.71
6.15
5.35
5.84
4.49
5.84
6.03
7.05
7.17
6.96
5.18
6.57
5.71
4.88
7.16
7.25
8.05

6.67
6.70
6.47
6.89
6.80
6.79
6.82
6.76
7.41
7.91
5.52
6.15
6.75
5.85
6.50
4.86
6.22
6.41
7.69
8.00
7.46
5.78
7.21
6.49
5.44
7*44
7.54
6.30

6.71
6.76

8.35
8.95
9.53
6.92
8.83
5.94
7.97
8.24
8. 18
7.16
6.95
7.46
5.57
8.60

8.42
9.04
9.61
7.04
8.91
5.90
7.99
8.25
8.24
7.14
6.95
7.48
5.56
8.71

8.78
9.22
9.97
7.87
9.00
6.40
8.72
8.97
8.99
7.87
7.69
8.07
6.37
9.52

8.85
9.29
9.98
7.91
9.07
6.53
8.76
9.03
8.99
7.95
7.82
8.29
6.43
9.48

fcdL"." P

$6.75

6.56

6.93

6.89
6.86

6.89
6.80
7.45 |
7.92
5.58

6.20
6.81

5.93
6.45
4.86

6.27

6.46
7.74
8.03
7.51
5.80
7.25

6.52
5.45
7.49
7.55
8.43

9.02

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HQURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
A m i g a overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Industry

1972
SIC
Code

3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561

3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573

359
3592

Feb.
1979

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL—Continued
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyers and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee

3691
3694

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances . .
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment

36
361
3612
3613

362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633

3634
364
3641
3643
3644

3645
365
3651

366
3661

3662
367
3671-3
3674

3679
369

....

....

Mar.
1979

42.1
43.4
43.2
41.9
41.9
44.4
45.0
43.1
45.5
43.3
41.3
42.0
42.1
41.3
42.2
41.9
42.1
42.3
41.5
40.9
44.5
42.6
41.5
41.9
40.5
40.6
43.0
43.4
42.9

42.0
42.4
44.1
42.1
41.5
44.6
44.9
43.4
46.0
43.3
41.1
42.1
41.9
41.6
42.1
42.1
42.0
42.7
41.2
41.6
44.7
42.0
41.5
41.7
40.9
41.2
43.3
42.2
43.5

40.5

40.7
41.0
41.0
41.0
41.2
41.2
40.9
40.1
40.0
40.2
40.1
40.5
41,4
40.7
40.6
38.0
38.9
36.5
41.4
41.1
41.6
40.5
41.6
41.9
40.2

40. 1
39.9
40.2
41.1
40.9
41.0
39.9
40.4
39.4
39.3
40.3
41.7
40.3
40.2
38.1
38.0
37.8
41.3
41.0
41.6
40.4
41.6
42.0
39.9
40.9
40.8
40.3
42.1
42.7
43.6
39.6
42.5
38.8
43.0
42.8
42.7
43.9
39.2
39.4
38.8
41.4

Jan.
1960

39.1
41.7
42.8
41.4
39.6

44. 1
45.0
42.8
44.6
43.7
42.0
42.1
41.4
40.6
44.0
41.6
41.2
42.8
42.2
41.4
42.7
40.9
41.3
41.6
39.5
39.5
41.1
40.1
41.3

Feb.
1980 P

A&L.

39.5
42.2
42.5
41.2
39.7
43.7
45.1
42.7
44.4
42.9
41.0
41.9
41.3
41.3
42.6
41.2
41.0
42.0
42.2
40.7
42.1
40.9
41.2
41.3
39.7
39.9
41.7
42.2
41.6

Feb.
1979

3.0
4.7
4.4
3.6
3.5
6.4
6.7
7.6
7.2
5.5
3.8
4. 1
4. 1
3.3
4.2
4.4
4.4
4.9
4.3
3.6
6. 1
5.2
3.0
3.1
3.0
3.3
5.1
4.8
5.2

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980

p

5.2
3.9
3.1
6.4
6.5
7.7
7.4
5.3
3.6
4.2
3.9
3.4
4.2
4i5
4.3
5.1
4.2
4.0
6.4
4.6
2.9
3.0
2.7
3.0
5.2
4.0
5.4

2.4
3.6
5.3
2.8
2.6
6.0
6.6
5.8
6.7
5.6
4.3
3.8
3.2
2.7
5.1
4.0
3.4
4.9
5.0
4.4
4.6
2.8
2.7
3.0
2.1
2.2
4.1
2.3
4.4

2.5
3.6
5.2
2.9
2.2
5.8
6.8
5.5
6.5
5.1
3.4
3.6
2.9
2.9
3.9
3.7
3.3
4.3
4.9
3.8
4.6
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.1
2.2
4.4
3.6
4.5

2.9
3.7

40.2

39.7
41.2

40.5
40.7
39.7
37.9
38.3
38.2
41.4
42.1
40.9
39.9
42.2
41.0
39.3
39.5
38.9
38.5

40.1
39.9
39.9
39.9
41.0
41.2
40.5
40.0
41.1
39.9
39.1
39.6
40.0
40.0
39.8
37.8
38.6
38.5
41.3
41.9
40.9
39.7
41.8
40.5
39.4
39.3
38.8
38.6

2.9
2.8
3.0
2.7
3.4
3.4
3.0
2.1
1.6
.5
2.2
3.0
2.8
3.0
2.9
2.5
1.8
1.7
3.0
3.4
2.7
2.9
2.0
3.9
2.9
3.6
3.9
3.5

2.9
2.8
3.1
2.6
3.3
3.4
2.8
2.2
1.5
1.1
2.3
2.9
2.6
2.9
3.1
2.0
2.3
1.8
3.0
3.3
2.7
3.0
2.2
3.7
3.0
3.4
3.1
3.5

2.6
2.8
3.1
2.5
2.9
3.0
2.5
2.3
2.0
1.7
2.1
2.5
2.0
2.9
2.5
1.8
1.4
1.5
2.9
3.6
2.4
2.8
2.6
3.7
2.5
1.7
1.9
.9

2.5
2.4
2.5
2.3
2.9
3.1
2.4
2.0
2.1
1.2
2.0
2.4
2.2
2.8
2.8
1.2
1.6
1.8
3.0
3.5
2.6
2.8
2.5
3.9
2.4
1.6
1.6
1.1

42.3
43.0
44.0
40.7
42.7
38.9
42.8
42.4
42.9
43.5
39.8
39.7
39.8
41.5

40.1
39.2
38.6
38.7
39.8
38.3
42.2
41.8
42.7
42.5
39.6
39.8
38.7
39.3

39.9
39.8
40.2
38.6
39.7
38.2
42.4
42.3
42.3
42.9
35.5
34.2
40.0
39.7

40.0

5.2
6.2
7.4
3.8
5.6
2.8
4.9
4.3
5.2
5.7
2.6
2.6
2.6
4.7

5.1
6.0
7.1
4. 1
5.4
2.3
4.8
4.3
5.3
5.4

3.1
2.3
2.5
2.8
2.2
1.5
4.5
3.8
5.1
5.2
3.7
3.9
3.0
3.5

3.1
2.5
2.8
2.7
2.4
1.6
4.3
3.5
5.0
5.3
3.1
3.0
3.2
3.4

41. 1

40.2
40.2
39.9
40.4
40.8
40.9
41.0
40.1
40.9
40.9
39.5

40.0.

2.7
2.7
2.7
4.5

1980

Sae footnotes at end of table.




111

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

376
3761
379
3792

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT—Continued
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

246.82
260.60
250.28
229.43
259.34266.49
2 98.03
205.01
200.69
209.97
184.21
328.79
183.14

249.45 269.37
267.13 2 66.02
254.79 279.30
238.86 249.07
262.84 284.23
267.55 310.89
299.92 300.17
206.59 220.64
200.88 210.28
212.91 228.73
187.63 201.37
328.36 351.90
185.00 200.31

39
391
3911
393
394
3942, 4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles . . . .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

191.07
189.12
183.52
185.16
175.34
169.27
180.26
2 05.60
159.94
1 46.77
217.33
225.81

194.04
193.03
183.89
188.25
178.16
172.48
183.06
206.76
161.93
148.27
220.80
231.20

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products

239.12
236.36
2 96.80
275.58
138.95
251.53
230.84
261.88
200.97
242.40
204.23
184.62
284.26
310.36
233.99
240.38
240.28
240.79
226.38
277.80
194.25
278.17
285.26
409.76
206.27
2 05.96

21
211

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

22
221
222
223
224
225

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills

Feb.
1980P

Mar.
1980 T

$345.77 $339.52 $364.00 $366.96
3 47.75 336.96 372.44 3 74 . 88
216.78 221.19 241.93 256.13
191.63 193.64 199.63 2 2 5 . 0 0

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980P

Mar.
1980 p

$8.06
8.26
5.75
5.25

$7.97
8. 10
5.93
5.47

$8.75
8.91
6.61
5.82

$8.80
8.99
6.67

268.46 $270.91
281.52
276.30
250.31
284.91
300.44
302.56
221.60
212.40
229.32
203.30
354.85
201.22

6.02
6.31
6.06
5.75
6.16
6.30
6.55
5.19
4.98
5.37
4.76
7.70
4.66

6.04
6.33
6.11
5.84
6.17
6.34
6.52
5.23
5.06
5.39
4.75
7.69
4.66

6.57
6.81
6.65
6.06
6.61
7.23
7.13
5.60
5.31
5.82
5.15
8.50
5.11

6.56
6.80
6.69
6.15
6.58
7.31
7.02
5.61
5.31
5.85
5.16
8.53
5.12

$6.64

207.
208.
206.
2 05.
186.
180.
191.
222.
171.
154.
233.
237.

206.27
210.48
210.21
209.61
185.27
180.10
190.12
219.23
173.34
156.80
230.30
239.09

208.36

4.95
4.99
4.96
4.76
4.59
4.49
4.67
5.14
4.22
4.01
5.53
5.79

4.95
5.04
4.93
4.79
4.58
4.48
4.67
5.08
4.25
4.04
5.52
5.78

5.31
5.35
5.26
5.22
4.85
4.77
4.92
5.47
4.57
4.27
5.89
6.14

5.33
5.51
5.46
5.32
4.85
4.79
4.90
5.44
4.61
4.38
5.89
6.21

5.37

242.35
241.88
302.65
278.95
145.20
254.20
238.73
261.25
204.09
243.98
204.67
188.44
283.82
303.79
234.96
243.18
241.42
246.48
231.21
279.17
202.54
275.62
294.26
4 16.91
212.51
207.87

261.49
266.06
344.42
301.86
153.72
268.87
239.38
282.99
219.57
238.45
218.09
212.40
315.79
328.55
266.03
263.58
260.94
271.88
245.24
299.53
212.63
299.03
304.56
426.42
222.90
2.15.59

259.62
260.06
335.38
301.46
148.94
273.06
245.25
285.76
217.70
221.79
223.26
201.17
310.79
322.37
253.55
262.96
264.54
259.20
247.04
316.41
211.48
292.71
310.40
445.22
224.84
213.86

259.74

6.10
6.22
7.42
7.03
3.97
6.12
5.80
6.25
5.22
6.06
5.25
4.91
6.58
6.99
5.33
6.26
6.29
6.19
5.88
6.98
5. 18
6.38
7.24
9.85
5.33
5.42

6. 12
6.25
7.51
7.08
4.00
6.14
5.88
6.25
5.26
5.98
5.33
4.92
6.57
6.92
5.34
6.30
6.32
6.24
5.99
7.14
5.33
6.38
7.32
9.95
5.38
5.33

6.62
6.77

6.66

8.22
7.76
4.27
6.59
6.25
6.77
5.63
6.41
5.65
5.35
7.31
7.35
6.06
6.90
6.94
6.78
6.42
7.70
5.67
6.66
7.73
10.35
5.73
5.78

6.64
6.79
8.20
7.77
4.26
6.66
6.37
6.82
5.64
6.41
5.71
5.28
7.33
7.36
5.98
6.92
6.98
6.75
6.40
7.93
5.58
6.76
7.76
10.33
5.84
5.78

236.39
274.72

252.98
293.76

266.66
315.09

270.84
318.75

285.01

6.53
7.61

6.64
7.69

7.13
8.38

7.32
8.50

7.56

179.50
191.99
194.94
185.14
168.44
154.98

182.61
196.09
196.35
187.68
171.78
160.27

200.41
2.15.48
2 17.24
203.50
184.37
177.49

199.92
212.43
213.50
200.09
183.42
181.17

199.84

4.51

4.52
4.68
4.72
4.60
4.20
4.24

4.90
5.07
5.16
5.00
4.53
4.61

4.90
5.07
5.12
5.04
4.54
4.61

4.91

6.00

NONDURABLE GOODS

See footnotes at end of table.

112




4.66

4.72
4.56
4.19
4.20

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average weekly hours
1972
SIC
Code

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Average overtime hours

Feb.
1980 P

376
3761
379
3792

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT—Continued
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

42.9
42. 1
37.7
36.5

42.6
41.6
37.3
35.4

41.6
41.8
36.6
34.3

41.7
41.7
38.4
37.5

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

41.0
41.3
41.3
39.9
42.1
42.3
45.5
39.5
40.3
39.1
38.7
42.7
39.3

41.3
42.2
41.7
40.9
42.6
42.2
46.0
39.5
39.7
39.5
39.5
42.7
39.7

41.0
42.0
42.0
41. 1
43.0
43.Q
42. 1
39.4
39.6
39.3
39.1
41.4
39.2

40.8
41.4
41.3
40.7
43.3
41.1
43.1
39.5
40.0
39.2
39.4
41.6
39.3

39

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

38.6
37.9
37.0
38.9
38.2
37.7
38.6
40.0
37.9
36.6
39.3
39.0

39.2
38.3
37.3
39.3
38.9
38.5
39.2
40.7
38.1
36.7
40.0
40.0

39.1
38.9
39.2
39.3
38.5
37.9
39.0
40.6
37.5
36.1
39.7
38.6

39.2
38.0
40.0
39.2
35.0
41.1
39.8
41.9
38.5
40.0
38.9
37.6
43.2
44.4
43.9
38.4
38.2
38.9
38.5
39.8
37.5
43.6
39.4
41.6
38.7
38.0

39.6
36.7
40.3
39.4
36.3
41.4
40.6
41.8
38.8
40.8
38.4
38.3
43.2
43.9
44.0
38.6
38.2
39*5
38.6
39. 1
38.0
43.2
40.2
41.9
39.5
39.0

391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

Mar.
1980

p

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980

5. 3
4.7
1.6
1.2

4.5
3.6
1.4
.9

3.8
3.3
1.5
1.2

4.0
3.5
1.1
1.3

40.8

2.8
3.2
2.8
2.4
3.6
2.3
4.6
2.7
3.6
2.1
1.8
3.5
1.3

2.8
3.7
2.7
1.7
3.6
2.4
4.7
2.4
2.9
2.1
2.1
3.4
1.7

2.5
3.5
2.6
2.0
4. 1
2.1
3.6
2.1
2.3
2.1
2.0
2.8
1.3

2.5
3.1
2.6
1.9
4.2
1.9
3.7
2.3
2.5
2.3
1.8
3.0
1.4

38.7
38.2
38.5
39.4
38.2
37.6
38.8
40.3
37.6
35.8
39.1
38.5

38.8

2.1
1.9
1.7
1.5
1.7
1.6
1.9
2.2
2.0
1.6
2.6
2.4

2.3
2.1
1.8
1.5
2.0
1.8
2.1
2.7
2.2
1.7
2.7
2.7

2.2
2.6
3.3
1.3
1.8
1.4
2.1
2.8
2.3
1.5
2.4
2.1

2.1
2.3
2.9
1.6
1.5
1.2
1.7
2.5
2.2
1.3
2.4
2.0

39.5
39.3
41.9
38.9
36.0
40.8
38.3
41.8
39.0
37.2
38.6
39.7
43.2
44.7
43.9
38.2
37.6
40. 1
38.2
38.9
37.5
44.9
39.4
41.2
38.9
37.3

39.1
38.3
40.9
38.8
34.8
41.0
38.5
41.9
38.6
34.6
39.1
38.1
42.4
43.8
42.4
38.0
37.9
38.4
38.6
39.9
37.9
43.3
40.0
43.1
38.5
37.0

39.0

3.5
3.2
3.8
3.5
2.3
3.8
3.6
4.0
3.0
4.9
2.9
2.7
6.2
6.6
6.5
3. 1
3.4
2.1
2.8
4.5
2.2
6.0
3.5
5.5
2.8
2.9

3.6
3.5
4.0
3.8
2.7
3.9
3.8
4.1
2.8
4.3
2.7
2.8
6.0
6.9
6.2
3.2
3.5
2.3
3.0
4.7
2.5
5.5
3.7
5.5
3. 1
3.2

3.7
4.1
5.4
3.2
2.7
3.7
2.8
4. 1
3.9
9.1
2.8
4.5
6.3
6.5
6.7
2.9
3.0
2.5
1.9
1.0
2.3
6.0
3.4
5.1
3.0
2.6

3.3
3.3
4.5
3.0
2.1
3.8
3.4
4.2
3.0
4.3
2.3
3.1
5.5
5.6
5.7
2.9
3.2
1.8
1.8
1.0
2.0
5.4
3.4
5.3
2.9
2.6

.8
.4

.9
.6

1.3
1.4

.8
.7

3.6
4.6
4.0
3.7
3.1
2.4

3.7
4.8
4.3
3.5
3.2
2.1

3.7
4.6
4.0
3.1
3.2
3.0

Mar.
1980 P

NONDURABLE GOODS
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products

21
211

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

36.2
36.1

38. 1
38.2

37.4
37.6

37.0
37.5

37.7

22
221
222
223
224
225

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills

39.8
41.2
41.3
40.6
40.2
36.9

40.4
41.9
41.6
40.8
40.9
37.8

40.9
42.5
42. 1
40.7
40.7
38.5

40.8
41.9
41.7
39.7
40.4
39.3

40.7

,

3.4
4.2
4.0
3.6
2.7
2.3

See footnotes at end of table.




113

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average weekly earnings

1972
SIC

2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

Average hourly earningi

Industry

Feb.
1979

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS—Continued
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

$144.80 $154.
139.74 146.
147.03 151.
145.20 145.
183.88 189.
195.77 195.
200.72 197.
204.72 204.
192.56 193.
167.56 170.
169.24 172,
157.10 160.
203.03 206.

$167.
161.
172.
155.
213.
218.
221.
224.
198.
190.
1S5.
171.
222.

Feb.
1980P

Mar.
1980 p

$160.21
168.30
177.06
162.95
220.11
216.52
222.79
220.45
198.45
189.52
193.58
175.92
220.42

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

leb.
1980 P

$4.00
3.97
4.13
4.00
4.62
4.81
4.86
5.03
4.64
4.21
4.21
4.07
4.94

$4.06
3.99
4.17
4.03
4.65
4.79
4.85
5.00
4.62
4.22
4.23
4.09
4.95

$4.37
4.33
4.54
4.43
5.02
5.22
5.31
5.40
4.90
4.59
4.62
4.40
[ 5.32

$4.33
4.36
4.54
4.44
5.06
5.23
5.33
5.39
4.90
4.60
4.62
4.42
5.35

Mar.
1980P

APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists . .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishing, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

145.53
175.24
136.35
133.89
138.13
137.97
137.45
131.43
134.62
142.65
141.45
133.73
130.88
145.48
136.06
134.55
142.04
177.82
131.77
153.71
291.41

148.33
178.82
137.47
135.00
137.94
139.48
141.02
134.94
138.35
145.85
143.82
135.61
132.40
148.63
136.7$
133.18
148.64
184.30
138.00
155.45
313.16

156.64 157.88 $159.65
190.08 188.86
152.21 152.21
147.65 148.47
152.80 153.22
154.28 151.93
146.19 150.19
142.04 144.70
141.44 146.06
155.43 159.06
150.68 153.04
144.99 148.06
144.44 147.86
147.65 148.52
149.09 150.33
144.18 145.71
155.14 156.09
180.93 182.28
139.30 145.24
166.06 166.82
281.22 277.06

4.17
5.05
3.83
3.74
3.86
3.78
4.14
3.90
4.22
4.43
4.03
3.81
3.75
4.03
3.79
3.79
3.99
4.78
3.63
4.11
7.53

4.19
5.08
3.84
3.75
3.93
3.78
4. 16
3.90
4.27
4.38
4.04
3.82
3.74
4.14
3.82
3.72
4.05
4.85
3.68
4.08
7.79

4.45
5.40
4.17
4.09
4.28
4.06
4.43
4.24
4.49
4.71
4.33
4.05
3.99
4.33
4.13
4.05
4.37
4.89
3.98
4.37
7.58

4.46
5.35
4.17
4.09
4.28
4.03
4.47
4.17
4.55
4.82
4.36
4.09
4.04
4.33
4.13
4.07
4.36
4.90
3.99
4.39
7.57

*4.51

PAPER AND A L L I E D PRODUCTS
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

288.23
354,49
357.63
3 49.96
249.29
302.84
230.45
236.16
248.68
2 53.78
263.45
226.80

293.09
355.16
357.08
356.33
252.77
308.52
230.28
238. 14
255.02
253.37
272.39
235.25

318.65
389.34
390.57
385.87
273. 16
313.90
245.41
262.50
2 76.89
284.76
292.29
256.85

317.25
388.47
391.47
382.77
271.73
308.06
243.36
256.82
276.30
280.13
293.44
256.94

319.27
- I

6.83
7.86
7.86
7.99
6.11
6.93
5.69
5.76
6.11
6.22
6.41
5.67

6.88
7.91
7.90
8.08
6.15
6.98
5.70
5.78|

7.50
8.71
8.66
8.84
6.66
7.30
6. 13
6.31
6.69
6.75
6.97
6.36

7.53

6.21
6.47
5.71

7.48
8,71
8.66
8.83
6.63
7.30
6.12
6.28
6.64
6.78
6.91
6.28

251.03
243.19
232.79
227.15
215.67
240.92
205.42
266.88
2 48.03
277.53
262.52
200.20
337.55

255.23
242.14
235.69
231.86
221.13
245.25
207.20
273.78
253.22
285.32
266.33
206.17
340.74

267.84
247.42
233.83
248.07
233.78
264.88
220.53
287.25
264.00
298.37
299.75
216.84
359.91

268.62
251.50
239.73
246.53
236.78
258.14
219.56
287.27
262.92
301.47
288.46
214.23
365.77

272.29

6.73
7.09
6.11
5.90
5.53
6.34
5.92
6.95
6.51
7.19
6.45
5.20
8.93

6.77
7.08
6.17
5.93
5.57
6.37
5.92
7.02
6.56
7.26
6.48
5.30
8.92

7.20
7.43
6.70
6.41
6.12
6.74
6.16
7.50
7.04
7.69
7.12
5.56
9.30

7.26
7.53
6.83
6.42
6.15
6.74
6.15
7.54
7.03
7.79
7.14
5.55
9.55

7.30

2751
2752
276
278
279

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commerical printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commerical printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
CHEMICALS AND A L L I E D PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations

305.24
331.85
326.65
300.04
333.94
280.80
276.86
266.34

308.38
333.06
328.27
301.73
337.31
280.54
279.45
270.60

331.93
364.11
364.42
326.93
3 62.95
305.93
308.26
293.04

332.38
363.66
364.88
331.40
370.64
311.19
307.69
291.82

336.49

281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834

7.32
7.92
7.89
7.11
7.73
6.75
6.72
6.56

7.36
7.93
7.91
7.15
7.79
6.76
6.75
6.60

7.96
8.69
8.76
7.84
8.50
7.48
7.41
7.13

7.99
8.70
8.75
7.94
8.68
7.59
7.45
7.17

8.05

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392

2396
26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653

2654
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275

See footnotes at end of table.

114



6.16 i

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricuKural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Feb.
1979

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS—Continued
Women's hosiery except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing except wool

2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

Finishing plants synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
.

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980

36.2
35.2
35.6
36.3
39.8
40.7
41.3
40.7
41.5
39.8
40.2
38.6'
41.1

38.0
36.6
36.3
36.0
40.8
40.8
40.8
40.9
41.8
40,3
40.7
39,2
41.8

38.3
37.4
37.9
35.2
42.5
41.8
41.8
41.6
40.5
41.5
42.4
38.9
41.9

37.0
38.6
39.0
36.7
43.5
41.4
41.8
40.9
40.5
41.2
41.9
39.8
41.2

P

Mar.
1980

P

-

-

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings . .
Men's and boys' shirts and nigh wear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

34.9
34*7
35.6
35.8
35.6
36.5
33.2
33.7
31.9
32.2
35.1
35.1
34.9
36.1
35.9
35.5
35.6
37.2
36.3
37.4
38.7

35.4
35.2
35.8
36.0
35.1
36.9
33.9
34.6
32.4
33.3
35.6
35.5
35.4
35.9
35.8
35.8
36.7
38.0
37.5
38.1
40.2

35.2
35.2
36.5
36.1
35.7
38.0
33.0
33.5
31.5
33.0
34.8
35.8
36.2
34.1
36.1
35.6
35.5
37.0
35.0
38.0
37.1

35.4
35.3
36.5
3-6.3
35.8
37.7
33.6
34.7
32.1
33.0
35.1
36.2
36.6
34.3
36.4
35.8
35.8
37.2
36.4
38.0
36.6

35.4

26
261,2 6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes

42.2
45.1
45.5
43.8
40.8
43.7
40.5
41.0
40.7
40.8
41. 1
40.0

42.6
44.9
45.2
44. 1
41.1
44.2
40.4
41.2
41.4
40.8
42. 1
41.2

42.6
44.7
45.1
43.7
41.2
43.0
40.1
41.8
41.7
42.0
42.3
40.9

42.3
44..6
45.1
43,3
40.8
42.2
39.7
40.7
41.3
41.5
42.1
40.4

42.4
-

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commerical printing letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade service

37.3
34.3
38.1
38.5
39.0
38.0
34.7
38.4
38,1
38.6
40.7
38.5
37.8

37.7
34.2
38.2
39.1
39.7
38.5
35.0
39.0
38.6
39.3
41. 1
38.9
38.2

37.2
33.3
34.9
38.7
38.2
39.3
35.8
38.3
37.5
38.8
42.1
39.0
38.7

37.0
33.4
35.1
38.4
38.5
38.3
35.7
38.1
37.4
38.7
40.4
38.6
38.3

37.3

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations

41.7
41.9
41.4
42.2
43.2
41.6
41.2
40.6

41.9
42.0
41.5
42.2
43.3
41.5
41.4
41.0

41.7
41.9
41.6
41.7
42.7
40.9
41.6
41.1

41.6
41.8
41.7
41.7
42.7
41.0
41.3
40.7

41.8

•

..

:
;
-

:

;

-

-

—

feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980

P

2.6
1.8
1.7
1.2
4.6
3.4
3.3
3.8
4.4
3.5
3.8
3.2
3.9

2.3
1.9
2.4
1.1
5.5
3.8
4.0
3.5
3.3
4.0
4.5
2.3
3.5

1.9
2.3
2.9
1.5
5.6
3.8
3.7
3.6
3.1
4.0
4.5
3.0
3.3

1.0
.8
.8
1.0
.6
.8
1.0
.9
.9
.6
1.2
.8
.8
.8
1.4
1.6
1.0
1.5
.9
1.4
2.4

.8
1.0
.6
.9
1.1
1.1
1. 1
.8
1.3
.9
.9
.9
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.8
.9
1.4
3.6

1.0
.6
1.2
1.0
1.1
1.4
.9
.8
.6
.7
1.3
1.0
1.1
.6
1.3
.9
.7
1.0
.5
1.6
.3

1.0
.7
1.1
1. 1
1.0
1.3
1.0
1.0
.8
.7
1.3
1.0
1.1
.7
1.3
1. 1
.9
1.2
1.0
1.6
.4

4.6
6.6
6.7
6.7
3.5
5.8
2.S
3.5
3.2
2.9
3.6
2.8

4.7
6.4
6.5
6.8
3.5
5.6
3.1
3.5
3.5
3. 1
4.2
3.2

4.4
6.8
6.8
7.2
3.4
4.3
3.4
3.3
2.2
3.4
1.3
2.8

4.1
6.6
6.7
6.9
3. 1
3.7
2.8
3.0
2.0
3.2
1.1
2.9

2.8
1,9
2.8
3.4
2.2
4.6
2.2
3.2
2.9
3.4
3.3
3^2

3.1
2.0
2.6
3.9
3.0
5.0
2.1
3.7
3.2
3.9
3.5
2.2
3.5

2.6
1.5
1.7
3.0
1.9
4.2
2.1
2.9
2.3
3.2
4.4
2.7
3.8

2.5
1.8
2.1
2.9
2.0
3.9
1.7
2.9
2.4
3.3
3.3
1.9
3.3

3.4
3.6
2,9
3.5
4.4
2.7
2.7
2.5

3.5
3.4
2.9
3.3
4.3
2.4
3.0
3.0

3.3
3.4
3.3
3.2
4.3
2.2
3.1
3.0

3.2
3.5
3.1
3.1
4.4
2.0
2t8
2.5

2.0
1.8
1.8
1.4
4. 1
3.7
3.8
4. 1
4.5
3.3
3.6
2.8
3.6

Mar.
1980

p

-

:
-

—
_
-

-

_
_
-

_
_
_

-

-

-

-

See footnotes at end of table.




115

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry-Continued
Average weekly earnings
1972
SIC
Code

284
2841
2844
2842,3
285
286
2865
2861,9
287

Average hourly earnings

Industry

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Cont'd
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Fblishing, sanitation.and finishing preparations.
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals,
nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

Feb.
1979

Bar.
1979

Jan.
1980

280.00
386.10
215.27
250.11
270.76
371.06
3 42.34

285.63 $298.
392.64 415.
219.65 226.
257.68 269.
278*72 284.
379.26 395,
354.01 3 67,

382.30
296.52
281.25

338.33
297.82
282.62

Feb.
1980P

Mac.
1980 P

Seb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980p

$290.94
406.56
220.79
267.44
284.71
396.26
369.73

$7.00
9.00
5.68
6.30
6.62
8.69
8. 19

$7.07
9.11
5.72
6.41
6.70
8.82
8.31

406.17
334.97
305.53

406.17
336.59
306.53

8.87
7.01
6.81

9.01
6.91
6.81

9.49
7.79
7.38

9.49
7.72
7.44

$7.38
9.74
5.77
6.80
7.07J
9.24!
8.56

Mar.
1980 P

$7.31
9.68
5.72
6.84
7.10
9.28
8.72

29
291
295

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

388.57
416.50
2 97.84

407.78
439.62
308.22

342.23
355.35
301.70

364.72 $353.47
398.24
308.31

9.10
9.80
6.80

9.3^1
10.06
6.88

9.48
10.33
7.00

9.21
10.48
7.17

$9.11

30
301
302
303,4

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

240.61
377.10
153.87

242.60
368.24
153.85

251.88
374.24
179. 14

249.77
370.24
172.43

5.84
8.38
4.06

5.86
8.35
4.07

6.25
9.15
4.38

6.26
9.21
4.41

6.31

247.46
226.73
214.65

247.10
229.48
219.35

286.65
235.22
230.98

276.30
237.19
230.62

5.92
5.53
5.30

5.94
5.57
5.35

6.62
5.94
5.76

6.61
6.02
5.78

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS

148.63 149.70
2C7.09 208.36
141.55 142.97
1 54. 66 157.03
131.92 130.65
150.08 150.73
1 47. 63 147.68

163.68
226.98
159.65
167.81
153.50
161.98
150.18

165.31
237.39
159.71
171.29
149.76
166.85
154.34

163.71

4.14
5.31
4.01
4.18
3.88
4.35
3.99

4.17
5.37
4.05
4.21
3.90
4.27
3.97

4.46
5.82
4.35
4.56
4.16
4.75
4.16

4.48
5.92
4.34
4.58
4.16
4.70
4.24

4.51

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

316.01

314.42

338.12

341.42

343.08

7.92

7.90

8.56

8.60

8.62

RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION:
Class I railroads 2

394.65

379.30

410.13

8.77

8.64

9.45

(*)

411
413

LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER
TRANSIT
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

194.93
292.17
2S8.39

191.87
281.52
302.28

202.24
270.38
328.35

204.29
280.19
309.40

5.65
6.94
8.22

5.66
6.90
8.42

6.11
6.88
9.89

6.08
6.97
9.52

42
421,3
422

TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

322.80
329.62
220.20

327.64
334.53
221.76

338.43
345.82
239.09

341.54
348.93
238.37

8.07
8.22
5.69

8.11
8.26
5.76

8.70
8.89
6.21

8.78
8.97
6.24

306
307
31
311
314
3143
3144
316

317

4011
41

Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

253.03

(*)

46

PIPE LINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS

383.64

393.55

440.06

438.68

9.38

9.26

10.33

10.52

481
4817
4818
483

COMMUNICATION
Telephone communication
Switchboard operating employees3
Line construction employees4
Radio and television broadcasting

2 97.47
307.30
222.87
410.52
253.08

297.86
308.09
211.55
412.34
250.61

329.57
341.70
215.14.
439.79
276.10

328.35
342.10
239.76
431.96
266.16

7.55
7.76
6.46
9.33
6.66

7.56
7.78
6.43
9.35
6-63

8.26
8.50
6.94
10.11
7.19

8.25
8.51
7.20
9.93
7.06

ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services

333.63
337.30
304.50
372.12
273.14

330.79
337.30
301.44
367.38
267.73

356.95
370.60
323.11
386.57
278.39

357.79
373.15
323.11
385.85
281.67

8.02
8.05
7.50
8.86
6.55

7.99
8.05
7.48
8.81
6.53

8.56
8.72
7.90
9.36

8.58
8.78
7.90
9.32
6.87

159.54

161.35

170.35

170.98

172. 16

4.97

4.98

238.46

242.35

258.72

258.82

261 .80

6.21

6.23

241. 18
221.37
206.64
242.26
233.58

245.86
227.37
210.75
248.75
236.33

259.85
237.08
224.17
255.27
256.73

260.35
236.60
223.38
256.96
263.15

6.20
5.78
5.54
6.26
6.33

6.24
5.86
5.62
6.25
6.37

49
491
492
493
495

.

Sanitary services

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE . . .
50,51

WHOLESALE TRADE
50
501
502
503
504

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE GOODS
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods

See footnotes at end of table.

116



6.84
5.34
6.72
6.68
6.19
6.01
6.70
6.92

5.36

5.38

6.74

6.80

6.71
6.21
6.07
6.78
6.98

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
1972
SIC
Code

284
2841
2844
2842,3
285
286
2865
2861,9
287
289

Industry

Mar.
1979

Feb.
1979

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Cont'd
Soap cleaners and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations .
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations .
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals,
nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980p

p

2.6
3.9
2. 1
1.8
2.3
3.6
3.5

42.8
43.6
41.2

3.7
4.7
3.3

3.7
5.1
3.2

3.8
4.6
3.2

3.6
5.1
3.1

4. 1
3.6
6. 1

4.1

3- 5

3.3
2.7
6.1

4.0
3.3
6.0

3.8
6.1
2.2

3.8
5.4
1.8

2.9
2.4
3.2

2.7
2.1
2.2

4.7
3.5
3.3

4.4
3.4
3.5

3.4
2.4
3.1

2-7
2.5
3.0

1.4
2.6
1. 1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.8

1.2
2.3
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.4
1.6

1.4
2.5
1.2
1.1
1.4
2.5
1.3

1.4
2.9
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.9
1.4

39.8
42.0
38.6
39.1
40.1
42.7
42.4

43.1
42.3
41.3

43.1
43.1
41.5

42.8
43.0
41.4

-

42.7
42.5
43.8

43.8
43.7
44.8

36.1
34.4
43.1

39.6
38.0
43.0

38.8

30
301
302
303,4

41.2
45.0
37.9

41.4
44. 1
37.8

40.3
40.9
40.9

39.9
40.2
39.1

40.1

306
307

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

41.8
41.0
40.5

41.6
41.2
41.0

43.3
39.6
40.1

41.8
39.4
39.9

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS
Leather tanning and finishing
.
..
Footwear except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

35.9
39.0
35.3
37.0
34.0
34.5
37.0

35.9
38.8
35.3
37.3
33.5
35.3
37.2

36.7
39.0
36.7
36.8
36.9
34.1
36.1

36.9
40.1
36.8
37.4
36.0
35.5
36.4

36.3

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

39.9

39.8

39.5

39.7

39.8

RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION:
Class 1 railroads 2

45.0

43.9

43.4

(*)

411
413

LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER
TRANSIT
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

34.5
42.1
36.3

33.9
40.8
35.9

33.1
39.3
33.2

33.6
40.2
32.5

42
421,3
422

TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

40.0
40.1
38.7

40.4
40.5
38.5

38.9
38.9
38.5

38.9
38.9
38.2

46

PIPE LINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS

40.9

42.5

42.6

41.7

48
481
4817
4818
483

COMMUNICATION
Telephone communication
Switchboard operating employees "*
Line construction employees 4
Radio and television broadcasting

39.4
39.6
34.5
44.0
38.0

39.4
39.6
32.9
44. 1
37.8

39.9
40.2
31.0
43.5
38.4

39.8
40.2
33.3
43.5
37.7

49
491
492
493
495

ELECTRIC. GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES . . .
Electric services
. . . .
Gas production and distribution
Combination u t i l i t y services
Sanitary services

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
50,51
50
501
502
503
504

WHOLESALE TRADE
WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE GOODS
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials . .
Sporting goods toys and hobby goods

Feb.
1980 p

2.8
4.4
2.0
2.0
2.1
3.9
4.0

40.4
42.7
39.2
39.6
40.3
42.8
42.9

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

41

Jan.
1980

Mar.
1979

3.2
5.0
1.9
3.2
3.4
3.9
4.5

40.4
43.1
38.4
40.2
41.6
43.0
42.6

29
291
295

4011

Feb.
1979

2.9
5.0
1.4
2.8
3.0
3.8
3.9

40.0
42.9
37.9
39.7
40.9
42.7
41.8

'

Mar.
1980

**
_

-

6.1

Mar.
1980 p

-

-

-

-

•

-

-

-

-

-

-

;

41.6
41.9
40.6
42.0
41.7

41.4
41.9
40.3
41.7
41.0

41.7
42.5
40.9
41.3
40,7

41.7
42.5
40.9
41.4
41.0

32.1

32.4

31.9

31.9

32.0

38.4

38.9

38.5

38.4

38.5

38.9
38.3
37.3
38.7
36.9

39.4
38.8
37.5
39.8
37.1

38.9
38.3
37.3
38. 1
37.1

38.8
38.1
36.8
37.9
37.7

-

-

!

-

-

-

-

-

-

See footnotes at end of table.




117

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcuttural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Feb.
1979

505
506
507
508
509

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE
GOODS—Continued
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment..
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

RETAIL TRADE

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980

p

Mar.
1980

Feb.
1979

tfar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980

$286.40 $288.55 $307.26
237.88 244.72 264.32
224.41 228.10 245.25
256.07 258.60 274.53
2 07.28 213.86 218.27

316.39
268.27
242.95
273.34
218.48

$7.16
6.26
5.89
6.45
5.37

$7.16
6.34
5.94
6.47
5.36

$7.72
6.83
6.37
6.95
5.64

$7.89
6.95
6.36
6.92
5.66

233.50
272.61
242.52
209.30
2 35.49
282.58
292.70
261.93
192.38

237.60
276.74
239.77
212.91
238.37
284.71
296.11
269.28
196.22

256.20
289.02
260.03
225.94
258.61
315.54
340.68
280.78
209.21

256.66
284.40
261.47
228.64
260.44
318.35
341.74
276.72
209.41

6.21
7.51
6.45
5.75
6.23
7.10
7.41
7.06
5.13

6.22
7.52
6.36
5.77
6.24
7.10
7.44
7.20
5.11

6.76
7.94
6.99
6.19
6.77
8.07
8.35
7.63
5.52

6.79
7.90
7.01
6.23
6.80
8.08
8.48
7.54
5.54

134.55

135.44

142.44

142.44 $144.00

4.47

4.47

4.78

4.78

178.60
195. 16
142.21

181.76
201.06
143.90

189.07
207.90
149.49

189.28
208.67
152.30

4.84
5.03
4.22

4.86
5.09
4.22

5.18
5.40
4.53

5.20
5.42
4.56

134.24
138.59
116. 18
106.31

135.18
140.58
112.35
106.13

4.32
4.47
3.66
3.46

4.32
4.49
3.66
3.48

4.71
4.88
4.02
3.73

4.76
4.95
3.97
3.75

521
525

BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN
SUPPLIES
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

53
531
533
539

GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

120.96
96.53

125.28
130.21
106.14
99.53

54
541
546

FOOD STORES
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

172.61
179.61
119.97

172.92
179.61
122.55

181.44
188.17
130.79

181.72
188.17
132.59

5.55
5.72
4.18

5.56
5.72
4.27

5.91
6.07
4.51

5.90
6.07
4.51

55
551, 2
553
554

AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS AND SERVICE
STATIONS
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

192.24
233.70
189.41
135.06

196.50
241.18
187.86
134.90

206.45
241.78
208.06
150.51

206.46
244.86
199.98
149. 64

5.14
6.07
4.70
3.87

5.24
6.20
4.65
3.91

5.52
6.28
5.15
4.35

5.55
6.41
4.95
4.35

56
561
562
565
566

APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

112.40
144.83
99.37
108.49
113.83

112.90
142.72
100.01
108.00
117.58

118.85
153.28
107.87
110.83
120.89

117.32
154.40
105.21
107.87
119.13

3.93
4.47
3.64
3.82
4.08

3.92
4.46
3.65
3.75
4. 14

4.26
4.82
4.01
4.12
4.38

4.22
4.84
3.97
4.04
4.27

571
572
573

FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHINGS
STORES
Furniture and home furnishings
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

174.89
179.92
191.16
153.66

176.09
181.31
192.96
153.11

189.35
194.30
1S4.19
176.99

185.99
191.25
192.50
169.66

5.04
5.20
5.31
4.48

5.06
5.21
5.36
4.49

5.41
5.52
5.47
5.13

5.36
5.48
5.50
4.99

125.16
103.58

EATING AND DRINKING PLACES 5
59
591
594
596
598
599

88.24

89.52

92.20

92.82

3.42

3.43

3.63

3.64

MISCELLANEOUS RETAIL
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

139.67
122.92
122.89
166.86
271.30
139.96

138.29
122.61
124.92
171.27
225.01
141.59

149.61
134.09
136.05
184.24
250.57
152.52

148.99
133.48
134.09
182.23
255.67
154.22

4.42
4.03
4.11
5.15
6.18
4.28

4.39
4.02
4.15
5.19
5.74
4.33

4.78
4.44
4.55
5.60
6.28
4.65

4.76
4.42
4.53
5.59
6.36
4.59

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL
ESTATE 6

188.92

187.31

201.47

203.28

5.19

5.16

5.55

5.60

BANKING
Commercial and stock savings banks

161.77
159.21

160.89
158.34

171.84
168.48

173.28
170:39

4.42
4.35

4.42
'4.35

4.76
4.68

4.80
4.72

168.07
159.58
165.17

166.08
158.51
162.29

183.77
176.64
179.68

182.77
173.76
160.32

4.63
4.47
4.55

4.55
4.44
4.41

4.94
4.80
4.83

4.98
4.80
4.90

207.20
2 08.68
204.22
206.64

206.64
207.57
201.47
207.02

221.41
222.05
218.50
221.17

224.77
228.46
222.30
221.17

5.57
5.64
5.36
5.60

5.54
5.61
5.33
5.58

5.92
5.89
5.75
6.01

6.01
6.06
5.85
6.01

61
612
614

CREDIT AGENCIES OTHER THAN BANKS
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

63
631
632
633

INSURANCE CARRIERS
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

See footnotes at end of table.

118




..

206.75

Mar.
1980 P

$4.80

5.68

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Avenge weekly hours
1972
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Industry

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980 p

505
506
507
508
509

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE
GOODS—Continued
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment .
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

40.0
36.0
38.1
39.7
38.6

40.3
38.6
38.4
40.0
39.9

39.8
38.7
38.5
39.5
38.7

40.1
38.6
38.2
39.5
38.6

51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519

WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

37.6
36.3
37,6
36.4
37.8
39.8
39.5
37.1
37.5

38.2
36.8
37.7
36.9
38.2
40.1
39.8
37.4
38.4

37.9
36.4
37.2
36.5
38.2
39.1
40.6
36.8
37.9

37.8
36.0
37.3
36.7
38.3
39.4
40.3
36.7
37.8

30.1

30.3

29.8

29.8

52-59

RETAIL TRADE

521
525

BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN
SUPPLIES
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

36.9
38.8
33.7

3,7.4
39.5
34.1

36.5
38.5
33.0

36.4
38.5
33.4

53
531
533
539

GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

28.0
28.0
28.3
27.9

29.0
29.0
29.0
28.6

28.5
28.4
28.9
28.5

28.4
26.4
28.3
28.3

54
541
546

FOOD STORES
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

31.1
31.4
28.7

31.1
31.4
28.7

30.7
31.0
29.0

30.8
31.0
29.4

55

AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS AND SERVICE
STATIONS
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

37.4
36.5
40.3
34.9

37,5
38.9
40.4
34.5

37.4
38.5
40.4
34.6

37.2

551, 2
553
554

38.2
40.4
34.4

56
561
562
565
566

APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

28.6
32.4
27.3
28.4
27.9

28.8
32.0
27.4
28.8
28.4

27.9
31.8
26.9
26.9
27.6

27.8
31.9
26.5
26.7
27.9

571
572
573

FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHINGS
STORES
Furniture and home furnishings
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

34.7
34.6
36.0
34.3

34.8
34.8
36.0
34.1

35.0
35.2
35.5
34.5

34.7
34.9
35.0
34.0

EATING AND DRINKING PLACES '

25.8

26.1

25.4

25.5

59
591
594
596
598
599

MISCELLANEOUS RETAIL
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

31.6
30.5
29.9
32.4
43.9
32.7

31.5
30.5
30.1
33.0
39.2
32.7

31.3
30.2
29.9
32.9
39.9
32.8

31.3
30.2
29.6
32.6
40.2
33.6

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL
ESTATE 6

36.4

36.3

36.3

36.3

60
602

BANKING
Commercial and stock savings banks

36.6
36.6

36.4
36.4

36.1
36.0

36.1
36.1

61
612
614

CREDIT AGENCIES OTHER THAN BANKS
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

36.3
35.7
36.3

36.5
35.7
36.8

37.2
36.8
37.2

36.7
36.2
36.8

63
631
632
633

INSURANCE CARRIERS
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

37.2
37.0
38.1
36.9

37.3
37.0
37.8
37.1

37.4
37.7
38.0
36.8

37.4
37.7
38.0
36.8

....

.......

..

Mar.
1980 P

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980p

flar.
1980 p

30.0

36.4

See footnotes at end of table.




119

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricurtural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Feb.
1979

Har.
1979

Feb.
1980p

Jan.
1980

$170.75 $171.48 $183.63 $184.93 $186.47

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980p

$5.27

$5.26

$5.65

$5.69

3.91

3.88

4.21

4.23

-

3.98
3.89

3.99
4.05

4.35
4.12

4.36
4.20

190.06
277.75
137.27
248.37

-

5.36
7.34
4.66
6.03

5.38
7.32
4.74
6. 14

5.76
7.87
4.96
6.81

5.83
7.78
5.04
6.88

224.32
246.38

224.08
249.46

-

5.36
5.72

5,37
5.64

6.03
6.35

6.04
6.38

254.20

267.34

268.88

6.20

6.20

6.82

6.79

205.70
392.70

209.48
411.10

235.91
458.28

232.94
455.88

7.48
10.28

7.73
10.79

8.61
12.06

8.44
11.60

AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES

149.94

147.26

158.76

158.95

4.90

4.86

5.40

5.37

HEALTH SERVICES
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals

165.97
173. 18
145.66
117.35
181.37

165.64
173.05
147.83
116.66
181.37

178.76
183.63
152.11
125.56
198.12

180.07
185.00
157.10
125.66
199.39

5.06
5.28
5.04
3.81
5.35

5.05
5.26
5.08
3.80
5.35

5.45
5.65
5.30
4.09
5.81

5.49
5.71
5.38
4.12
5.83

219.11

219.76

243.95

245-35

6.58

6.56

6.97

6.99

289.45
312.37
253.68

289.81
312.78
254.16

306.32
328.42
270.78

307.31
333.87
262.65

7.46
8.03
6.39

7.45
8.02
6.37

8.04
8.62
6.89

8.13
8.74
6.93

SERVICES

701

HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES:
Hotels motels and tourist courts

119.65

119.50

125.04

126.90

721
723

PERSONAL SERVICES:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops

135.32
118. 65

136.46
125.15

147.03
124.42

145.62
126.84

172.59
263.51
125.35
217.68

174.31
265.72
127.03
223.50

188.35
280.17
135.90
249.25

196.18
219.65

201.91
225.60

248.00

MOTION PICTURES
Motion picture production and services

79
80
801
802
805
806

73
731
734
737

BUSINESS SERVICES

75
753

AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES
Automotive repair shops

76

MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES

Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

00 00

Mar.
1980P

81

LEGAL SERVICES

89
891
893

MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

1

.

..

..

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.
Beginning January 1978, data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of $50,000,000
or more.
3
Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as switchboard operators;
service assistants; operating room instructors; and pay-station attendants. In 1977, such employees made
up 20 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in establishments reporting hours and
earnings data.
4
Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as central office craft
persons; installation and exchange repair craft persons; line, cable and conduit craft persons; and
laborers. In 1977, such employees made up 37 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in establishments reporting hours and earnings data.
2

12O




5

-

-

Money payments only; tips, not included.
Data for nonoff ice sales agents excluded from all series in this division.
Not available.
p = preliminary.
6

#

liar.
1980P

$5.72

-

-

-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-3. Employment, hours, and indexes of earnings in the Executive Branch of the Federal Government
[Employment in thousands—includes both supervisory and nonsupervisory employees]

1979
Oct.

1980

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

May

Ap,

July

1 June

Aug.

Sept. . |

Oct.

EExecutive Branch

Total employment
Average weekly hours
Average overtime hours . . .
Indexes (1967=100):
Average weekly earnings . .
Average hourly earnings . . .

2, 694. 5 2, 694.4 2, 681.2
39.9
39.9
40. 1
1.2
1. 3
1. 5
242.0
238.9

242.2
239.2

244.3
240.0

2677. 5 2,686.3 2, 688.3
39.7
39.7
39.5
1.2
1. 1
1. 1
243.2
241.4

242.4
240. 5

2, 697.4 2, 720.3 2, 770.2 2,783. 0
39.5
39.4
39.4
39.8
1.2
1.0
1.0
1. 1

240.6
240.0

239.8
239.2

238.9
238.9

2, 789.6 2, 697.8 i2, 702. 7
39. 3
39.5
39.4
1.2

1.4 i

l

'

4

238.6
238.6

241.3
238.9

242. 5
241.9

244.6 !
244.6

254. 5
255. 1

906.6
39.9

908.5
40. 1

887.2
40.0

Department of Defense

Total employment
Average weekly hours
Average overtime hours . . .
Indexes (1967-100):
Average weekly earnings . .
Average hourly earnings . . .

905.8
39.9

905. 3
40.0

1.0

.8

232.5
2 34.9

233.7
235.4

902.0
39.8
.9

896.0
39.9

234. 1
237. 1

234. 7
237. 1

.8

895.0
39.9
.9

892.0
39.9
.9

.8

.8

.8

.8

908.5
40.0
.9

1.2

887.8
38. 9
. 9

234.7
237. 1

235.2
237.6

234.4
236.8

235.2
237.6

233.6
236.0

233.4
234.6

234. 5
236.2

238.0
239.8

240.4
249. 0

659. 5
39.8

663.2
39.6
1. 3

665.4
40.6

665.4

659.0
40.0

1.8

39.9
1.5

1.9

653. 7
41. 6
2. 3

274.0
267. 1

281.2
267.4

283.0
273.8

286.2
276.2

300. 6
279.0

890.0
39.9

896.6
39.9

Postal Strvici

Total employment
Average weekly hours
Average overtime hours . . .
Average weekly earnings . .
Average hourly earnings . . .

646.9
41.5
2.3

278. 7
259.5

651.4
41.2
1.9

275. 9
258.5

651.4
42.6
3. 1

653.0
41.2

289.4
262.2

280.8
263. 1

2.6

655.2
41.0

655.4
40.2

1.8

1.6

1.7

276.9
260.7

271.5
260. 7

271.8
261.0

655. 0
40.2

1.3

268.1
260. 1

Other Agencies
1

Total employment
Average weekly hours
Average overtime hours . . .
Indexes (1967=100):
Average weekly earnings . .
Average hourly earnings . . .

1, 141.8 1, 137. 7 1, 127.8
39.0
39«0
38.8
1.0
1.0
1. 1
229. 1
228.0

231.4
230.2

227.7
227. 7

1, 128. 5 1, 136. 1 1, 140.9
38.8
38. 7
38.8
.9

1.0

1.0

229.9
230.4

229.7
229.7

227.7
227.7

NOTE: The hours and earnings averages presented in this table have been computed using data
collected by the Office of Personnel Management from agencies with 2500 or more employees in the
Executive Branch of the Federal Government; the data cover both salaried workers and hourly paid
wage-board employees. Since these averages relate to hours and earnings of all workers both super-

1, 152.4 1, 164.2 1, 200.4 1, 209. 1 1, 215. 7 1, 151.6 1, 161.2
38.8
38.8
39.2
38.7
38.8
38.7
38.9
1.0
1.2
1.0
1.2
1.4
1. 1
1. 2
226.7
226. 7

226. 0
226.0

223.3
223.3

226.6
224.3

227. 1
226. 5

228.4
229. 0

243.2
243.8

visory and nonsupervisory, they are not comparable to similar data presented in table C-2 which relate
only to production or nonsupervisory workers. The total employment levels shown include all
workers in the Executive Branch regardless of the size of the agency.

C-4. Average hourly earnings excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by industry
Average hourly earnings excluding overtime '
Major industry group

MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated meta! products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
....
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
...
Petroleum and coal products . . . .
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products . . . .

1

Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half.

122




Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980

Mar.
1980 p

$6.25
6.64
5.58
4,79
6.25
8.32
6.37
6.79
5.92
7.86
5.82
4.82

$6.28

$6.70

$6.74

$6.80

6.68
5.59
4.81
6.29
8.32
6.43
6.83
5.95
7.94
5.85
4.81

7.12
6.00
5.14
6.75
6.94
6.80
7.33
6.46
8.45
6.37
5.16

7.18

6.09
5.20
6.82
9.07
6.86
7.38
6.51
8.52
6.38
5.19

7.25

5.61

5.63
5.85
6.56
4.33
4.13
6.52
6.51
7.07
8.90
5.60
4.10

6.06
6.32
7.01
4.69
4.39
7.11
6.96
7.66
9.07
6.03
4.38

6.05
6.37
7.25
4.68
4.39
7.15
7.02
7.69
8.76
6.06
4.40

6.08

5.83
6.45
4.32
4.11
6.47
6.49
7.04
8.6S
5.58
4.07

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers' on private nonagricuKural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average weekly hours
1972
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Industry

Feb.
1979

SERVICES

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980 p

Mar.
1980 P

32 6

32 4

32 6

32 5

32. 5

701

HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES:
Hotels motels and tourist courts

30 6

30* 8

29.7

3 0.0

721
723

PERSONAL SERVICES:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops

34.0
30.5

34.2
30.9

33.8
30.2

33.4
30.2

32.2
35.9
26.9
36.1

32.4
36.3
26.8
36.4

32.7
35.6
27.4
36.6

32.6
35.7
27.4
36.1

BUSINESS SERVICES

75
753

AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES
Automotive repair shops

36.6
38.4

37.6
40.0

37.2
38.8

37.1
39.1

76

MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES

40.0

41.0

39.2

39.6

MOTION PICTURES
Motion picture production and services

27.5
38.2

27. 1
38.1

27.4
38.0

27.6
39.3

00 00

73
731
734
737

Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

79

AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES

30.6

30.3

29.4

29.6

80
801
802
805
806

HEALTH SERVICES
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals

32.8
32.8
28.9
30.8
33.9

32.8
32.9
29.1
30.7
33.9

32.8
32.5
28.7
30.7
34.1

32.8
32.4
29.2
30.5
34.2

81

LEGAL SERVICES

33.3

33.5

35.0

35.1

89
891
893

MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES

38.8
38.9
39.7

38.9
39.0
39.9

38.1
38.1
39.3

37.8
38.2
37.9

Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping




...

Feb.
1979

-

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

-

-

Feb.
1980 P

-

p

-

-

liar.
1980

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

121

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-5. Gross and spendable average weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1
on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by industry division, in current and 1967 dollars
Spendable average weekly earnings2
Gross average weekly earnings
Worker with no dependents

Industry

Feb.
1974

Jan.
1980

Feb. p
1980

Feb.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb. p
1980

Married worker with 3 dependents

Feb.
1974

Jan.
1980

Feb. P
1980

TOTAL PRIVATE:
Current dollars
1967 dollars

$212.40 $225.34 $226.75 $172.53 $181.96 $182.98 $188.98 $199.00 $200.07
102..56
95.88
96.59
83.31
77.37
77.99
91.25
85.30
84.60

MINING:
Current dollars
1967 dollars

349.75
168.. 88

3 84.09
164.63

383.56
162.18

265.60
128.25

286.93
122.99

286.62
121.19

292.07
141.03

317.10
135.92

316.71
133.92

319-31
154.18

332.40
142.48

342.47
144-81

246.15
118.86

254.51
109,09

26.0.95
110.34

269.89
130.32

279.43
119.77

286.77
121.26

262.. 10
126.56

277.01
118.74

277.50
117.34

2 07.69
100.28

217.91
93.40

216.24
9.1.28

226.89
109.56

238.20
102.10

238.57
100.88

316..01
152..59

338.12
144.93

341.4?
144-36

244.05
117.84

258.17
110.66

260.27
110.05

267.49
129.16

283..60
12U56

286.00
120.93

159.54
77.04

170.35
73.02

170.98
72.30

133.54
64.48

141.63
60.71

142.10
60. 08

149.76
72.31

158.72
68.03

159.15
67.29

188.92
91..22

201.47
86.36

203.28
85.95'

155.42
75.05

164.56
70.54

165.88
70.14

171.12
82.63

180.46
77.35

181.87
76.90

170.. 7 5
82-45

183.63
78.71

184.93
78.19

14 1.93
68.53

151.56
64.96

152.51
64. 49

158.99
76.77

167.66
71.86

168.51
71.25

207.1

233.3

236.5

CONSTRUCTION:
Current dollars
1967 dollars .

MANUFACTURING:
Current dollars
1967 dollars

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES:
Current dollars
1967 dollars .

...

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE:
Current dollars
1967 dollars

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE:
Current dollars
1967 dollars.

SERVICES:
C u r r e n t dollars
1967 dollars

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX FOR URBAN WAGE
EARNERS AND CLERICAL WORKERS (CPI-W,
All items, 1967=100)

1

....

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.
Spendable earnings are calculated by taking the average weekly pay for all production
or nonsupervisory jobs, both full-time and part-time, and then deducting social security and
Federal income taxes applicable to a single worker or to a married worker with three dependents who earned this amount (see Explanatory Notes for the establishment data in the back of
this publication). A technical note on the calculation and uses of the spendable earnings series
is available on request.

p=preliminary (applicable to earnings data only).

2




123

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagricuKural payrolls
by industry division and major manufacturing group
[1967=100]

Industry division and group

TOTAL PRIVATE
GOODS-PRODUCING...

Feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb. P
1980

Mar. P
1980

120.4

122.9

122.5

122.1

123.1

104.8

108.2

104.4

103.4

104.0

MINING

146.9

149.1

158.8

156.1

159.5

CONSTRUCTION

105.0

119.0

115.3

113.3

114.1

MANUFACTURING . . .
DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

103.3

104.8

100.6

99.9

100.3

107.6
108.4
107.2
104.5
99.1
106.4
118.1
106.7
103.4
128.3
97.4

109.2
111.6
108.8
110.3
99.3
107.6
118.8
108.0
105.3
129.4
100.0

103.3
100.8
105.1
102.3
91.4
103.8
117.8
108.4
89.0
128.8

103.3

96.2

102.8
100.8
103.7
10T.2
90.5
103.5
117.5
107.6
88.7
128.6
96.1

97.1
90.3

98.5

96.6

95.6

95.9

92.1
68.0
90.4
90.2

91.2
67.2
91.3

89.1

88.0
62.0
91.0

101.1
103.3
107.9
121.4
153.6
65.0

102.0
104.9
108.0
100.9
141.7
63.1

63.8

140.6
63.4

'33.2-

135.1

135.1

136.5

111.9

112.6

112.5

113.4

126.5

127.6

126.4

127.4

130.8
124.7

132.1
125.9

131.8
124.2

132.4
125.4

67.0
89.4
88.7

99.6
101.7

106.9
117.3
152.8

64.8

SERVICE-PRODUCING
131.3
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES
111.2
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE
124.4

86.5

64.2
91.1
88.7
101.1
104.8
107.3

69.6
139.1

99.6
103.6
103.1
90.8
104.3
117.7
107.9
89.1
130.5

97.8

89.3
101.6
106.1
109.2

68.6

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

128.3
122.9

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

142.8

143.2

147.0

147.6

148.2

SERVICES

146.7

149.3

152.4

153.9

156.2

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.

124



p=preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-6.

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricuftural payrolls

by industry division and major manufacturing

group—Continued

[1967*100]
feb.
1979

Mar.
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980 P

Ka-r.
1980

Industry division and group
Payrolls

TOTAL PRIVATE...

269.6

276.3

293.6

294.3

298.5

GOODS-PRODUCING....

241.1

250.9

257.1

256.4

259.8

MINING

378.4

386.7

441.0

436.7

450.7

CONSTRUCTION

230.1

25S.5

265.5

265.0

267.6

MANUFACTURING . . .

238.6

243.4

247.8

247.1

250.4

DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries

249.7
266.9
227.2
243.8
259.5
237.7
264. 9
235.9
251.3
271.0
205.5

254.7
275.4
231.6
260.0
260.0
242.7
267.8
239.8
256.2
274.6
210.9

254.7
265.0
238.3
255.7
254.C
246.2
283.5
260.6
227.6
296.8
217.2

255.5
269.6
237.8
256. 0
255.4
247.4
284.2
260.5
228.5
297.0
217.9

259.4
267.8
239.5
265.5
258.5
251.9
287.1
262.5
234.1
304.3
223.9

NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products .
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

219.6
208.6
192.8
195.9
182.1
236.7
208.8
252.1
298.5
324.8
129.9

224.1
2.13.6
199.1
196.8
186.4
242.1
213.2
255.9
315.9
327.7
131.0

236.1
228.7
211.2
217.5
189.6
265.8
230.5
276.9
267.5
322.6
136.0

232.9
224.2
207.2
216.8
194.8
264.2
232.1
276.3
179.2
317.2
138.3

235.0
222.2
206.6
217.1
198^3
266.3
236.4
285.1
174.7
323.0
138.1

296.2

325^1

326.9

331.9

273.4

298.2

299.2

302.3

274.4

279.7

302.5

300.5

304.3

276.7
273.2

283.3
277.8

308.3
299.2

308.9
295.7

313.0
299.5

FINANCE. INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

286.6

285.8

315.8

320. 1

325.8

SERVICES

337.7

3-43. 3

376.2

382.8

390.3

SERVICE-PRODUCING .
294.2
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES
272.4
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE
WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE




125

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED HOURS
C-7. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on privated nonagricurtural payrolls
by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1980

1979
Industry
Mar.

May

June

July

Aug.

: ept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb. P. Mar.P

35.9

35.3

35.7

35.6

35.6

35.6

35.7

35.6

35.7

35.7

35.7

35.5

35.4

MINING

43. 1

42.9

42.8

43.0

41.6

43 ..2

43.1

43.1

43.2

43.9

44.4

43.5

43.6

CONSTRUCTION

37.1

35.5

37.1

37.2

36.8

37.2

37.5

36.6

36.8

37.1

37.6

36.8

35.6

MANUFACTURING

40.6

39.1

40.2

40. 1

40.2

40. 1

40.2

40.2

40.1

40.2

40.3

40.0

39.8

Overtime hours

3.7

2.7

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.2

3,2

3.2

3.3

'3.2

3.2

3.1

3.1

41.4

39.5

40.9

40.7

40.7

40.7

40.7

40.8

40.6

40.7

40.8

40.5

40.3

4.0

2.7

3.8

3.6

3.5

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.4

3.3

3.3

3. 1

3.2

40.0
39.1
42.0
42.0
41.3
42.4
40.7
42.3
41.2
39.0

39.1
38.1
41.2
41.8
39.1
40.5
39.0
37.9
40.3
37.6

39.4
38.5
41.7
41.4
40.7
42.0
40.4
41.5
40.8
38.6

39.4
38.5
41.6
41.2
40.7
42.0
40.3
40.8
40.6
38.9

39.3
38.4
41.4
41.3
40.8
41.9
40.2
40.9
40.7
39.3

39.5
38.3
41.3
41.0
40.6
41.6
39.8
41.7
40.5
39.1

39.7
38.6
41.5
41.0
40.7
41.9
40.3
40.6
40.6
39.1

39.4
38.8
41.3
41. 1
40.9
41.6
40.3
41.3
40.7
39.1

38.9
38.9
41.5
40.7
40.7
41.6
40.6
40.6
41.0
39.1

39.0
39.0
41.6
40.6
41.0
41.6
40.5
41.0
40.8
39.2

39.5
39.0
41.3
40.8
40.9
41.7
40.4
41.0
41.5
39.5

38.9
38.9
40.9
40.6
4 0.. 8
41.5
40.3
40.4
41.0
39.1

38.4
38.3
40.6
40.7
40.6
41.3
40.2
40.0
40.7
38.6

39.4

38.6

39.2

39.2

39.2

39.2

39.3

39.3

39.4

39.4

39.5

39.3

39.0

TOTAL PRIVATE . .

DURABLE GOODS
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind
NONDURABLE GOODS . .

3.3

2.7

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.1

3.0

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.0

3.0

40.0
38.0
40.3
35.4
42.8
37.7
41.9
44.0
41.3
36.3

39.6
37.6
38.8
34.2
41.8
37.1
41.7
43.9
39.7
35.6

39.8
38.9
40.0
35.2
42.6
37.4
41.9
A3. 7
i0.9
36.1

39.8
37.6
40.1
35.2
42.5
37.4
41.7
43.3
40.7
36.4

39.8
38.5
40.1
35.3
42.5
37.5
41.9
43.6
40.6
36.6

39.7
38.0
40.1
35.3
42.6
3-7.7
42.0
43.7
40.2
J6.5

40.0
38.6
40.6
35.3
42.4
37.5
41.7
44. 1
40.3
37.0

39.9
38.3
40.8
35.3
42.6
37.4
41.7
43.7
40.3
36.5

40.0
37.8
41.1
35.3
42.7
37.6
41.9
44.4
40.0
36.7

39.9
38.8
41.0
35.6
42.9
37.4
41.7
43.5
39.9
36.9

40.0
38.5
41.7
35.9
42.8
37.8
42.0
36.6
40.6
37.2

39.7
37.8
41. 1
35.9
42.8
37.4
41.9
40.4
39.9
37.4

39.4
37.6
40.6
35.4
42.6
37.3
41.8
39.0
40.0
36.7

TRANSPORTATION AND
PUBLIC UTILITIES

40.0

39.2

39.8

39.8

39.7

39.9-

39.9

39.9

40.2

39.8

39.9

39.8

40.0

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE

32.7

32.8

32.6

32.6

32.6

32.5

32.6

32.6

32.7

32.6

32.5

32.3

32.4

WHOLESALE TRADE .
RETAIL TRADE

39.0
30.7

38.7
30.9

39.0
30.6

38.8
30.6

38.8
3a. 6

38.7
30.5

38.7
30.7

38.8
30.6

38.9
30.7

38.9
30.6

38.8
30.5

38.7
30.3

38.6
30.4

FINANCE, INSURANCE. AND
REAL ESTATE .

36.4

36.5

36.1

36.2

36.3

36.1

36.4

36.2

36.5

36.4

36.2

36.3

36.5

SERVICES

32.8

32.7

32.7

32.7

32.8

32.7

32.7

32.6

32.7

32.9

32.7

32.7

32.8

Overtime hours . .
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.

126



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted

1980

1979
Industry division and group

TOTAL PRIVATE . . . .
GOODS-PRODUCING

Har.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

125.7

123.6

125.4

125.7

125.7

125.5

111.3

106.8

110.3

110.1

109.9

109.4

Oct.

Nov.

125.9

125.8

126.3

126.6

109.7

109.0

108.7

109.6

Feb.

flar.

127.1

126.5

125.9

110.6

109.0

106.9

MINING

152.5

152.0

151.6

152.5

148.4

156.7

157.4

158.1

158.4

162.3

165.7

161.9

163.0

CONSTRUCTION

132.7

124.9

133.7

134.4

133.9

134.5

135.4

132.7

133.7

137.1

142.5

136.9

127.3

MANUFACTURING

106.0

102.0

104.7

104.3

104.4

103.3

103.4

103.1

102.5

102.9

103.0

102.2

101.4

110.1
116.4
109.4
114.9
100.2
108.6
117.5
108.5
105.9
129.7
101.7

105.0<
112.4
105.8
111.5

108.3
113.3
105.9
113.1
97.9
106.6
117.4
108.2
102.6
128. 1
98.7

107.9
112.7
105.3
113.0
97.9
107.1
117.6
108.6
99.4
128.4
100.3

107.9
111.9
tO5.9
111.5
97.8
106.7
118.0
106.5
100.3
128.1
100.7

106.8
112.3
104.5
110.8
95.9
104.8
116.2
104.7
102.6
127.2
100.8

107.1
1 13.6
104.6
111.2
95.3
105.4
117.7
107.2
100.1
127.2

106.2
113.3
105.9
110*6
94.6
106.1
114.3
107.6

105.1
110.1
106.2
110.4
93.1
105.6
113.6
106. 1

105.6
108.3
106.4
110.6
91.6
106.4
113.5
106.8
96.7
128.1
101.4

105.3
109.0
106.7
110.4
92.1
105.1
117.5
109.2
90.7
130.6
102.2

104.9
107.0
105.6
109.2
91.7
105.9
116.8
108.5
91.4
129.7
100.5

104.1
103.8
104.0
107.4
91.5
105.2
116.5
108.4
89.6
130.9

100.1
98.1
73.4

97.8

99.5
97.0
76.5

99.1
96.8
72.6
89.6

99.1
95.9
73.0
89.8

98.1

99.0
97.0
65.4

99.7
96.8
67.6
93.5
90.0

98.3
95.8

97.4
93.7

66.4

88.7
102.1
103.3
108.4
123.1
150.4

98.2
94.6
66.7
89.0
88.0
103
104
108.2
124.2
145.6
64.9

102.2
103.9
107.6
1*26. 2
143.5
66.1

103.6
106.4
108.9
73.5
140. 4
65.5

66.0
91.0
89.1
103.5
106.2

DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE

90.6
89.9
103.0
103.4
108.1
125.0
154.4

66.1
135.8
113.7

99.
102.7
113.0
104.4
94.3
127.2
97.5

99.9

97.4
127.8
99.9

93.7
127.8
99.9

98.5
96.1
69.9
90.6

91.8
88.4
103.3
105,1
108.6
126.3

99.5

63.9

153.4
65.4

66.0

89.5
103.2
104.4
108.8
123.0
150.5
61.3

65.2

98.8
96.5
61.1
91.8
87.3
102.8
105.9
108.6
12S.0
142.5
64.9

65.0

103.4
107.2
109.7
106.3
143.6
65.2

135.3

135..9

136.5

136.7

136.6

137.2

137.5

138.5

138.4

138.6

138.7

139.1

109.2

113.4

115.0

114.2

115.2

114.9

115.8

116.9

115.4

115.2

114.6

115.4

96.8
73.9
86.7
86.8
100.8
101.7
107.7
125.7
148.4

89.5

89.5
102.3
103.1
108.3
124.2

95.0
70.5
89.8

87.5

87.9
102.7
104.3

107.9
125.1
143.5

140.9

92.1
90.3

109.5
71.0
141.2
64.3

130.6

130.2

130.0

129.9

129.6

130.4

130.7

131.6

130.9

131.6

131.5

131.3

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

130.2
132.3
129.3

131.3
130.3

132.8
129.1

132.8
128*9'

132.7
128.9

132.4
128.5

132.5
129.6

133.4
129.7

134.3
130.5

134.1
129.7

134.3
130.5

134.3
130.4

133.8
130.4

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

144.6

145.5

144.5

145-7

146.5

146.3

147.1

146.7

148.3

148.3

148.1

148.9

149.6

SERVICES

151.1

151.0

151.7

152.6

153.5

153.4

153.8

154.1

155.2

156.5

156.2

156.9

157.9

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.




127

ESTABUSHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1
on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1979

1980

Industry
Bar.

Apr.

May

June

Aug.

July

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

liar.

Hourly Earnings Index a ( 1967=100)

TOTAL PRIVATE (In current dollars)
MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANSPORTATION AND
PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES
TOTAL PRIVATE (In 1967 dollars) 3

225.2

226.8

227.5

229.0

230.9

232.2

234.3

234.9

237.3

239.5

240.5

242.5

245.0

256.1
216.5
228.7

264.1
218.1
231.0

262.7
220.4
232-3

264.9
220.4
233.9

266.9
222. 1
235.4

265.6
223. 1
236.9

266.1
224.4
238.7

268.0
224.0
240.0

271.6
225.8
242.1

273.2
227.6
244.3

274.0
225. 1

276.2
230.0
248-0

279.9
231.2
250.2

243.1

241.7

243.7

246.4

251.3

252.6

255.6

255.8

258.9

260.7

261.2

263.0

265.7

219.4

220.9

221.0

222.6

223.8

225.4

227.0

227.4

229.5

231.3

234.7

235.4

237.6

204.8
223.3

207.5
225.0

207.0
224.3

208.0
225.7

210.8
227.0

211.5

214.4
231.5

213.1

228.4

232.3

216.2
234.7

218.5
237.7

218.6
238.0

220.7
239.7

225.8
242.1

107.3

107.0

106*3

105.8

105.6

105.1

104.9

104.1

104.1

103.8

102.8

102.2

$6.28
8.57
9.38
6.82

$6.33
8.71
9.45
6.86

$6.39
8.76
9.53
6.91

$6.42
8.82
9.43
6.93

$6.45
6.94
9.66
6.98

Average hourly earnings

TOTAL PRIVATE
MINING
CONST R UCTI ON
MANUFACTURING
TRANSPORTATION AND
PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES
. . .

$6.04
8.28
9.03
6.56

$6.04
8.56
9.11
6.56

7.96

7.91

7.99

8.09

8.21

8.30

8.37

8.39

8.48

8.53

8.54

8.60

8.69

4.96

4.99

5.00

5.03

5.07

5.10

5.12

5.14

5.19

5.23

5.30

5.31

5.36

5.16
5.24

5.22
5.27

5.21
5.26

5.23
5.31

5.30
5.35

5.32
5.39

5.40
5.45

5.38
5.46

5.45
5.52

5.51
5.58

5.51
5.60

5.54
5.63

5.68
5.70

$6.09
8.. 43
9.20
6.65

$6.13
8.49
9.19
6.68

$6.18
8.49
9.27
6.72

$6.22
8.57
9.32
6.74

$6.26
8.50
9.39
6.78

$6.51
9.02
9.71
7.05

Average weekly earnings

TOTAL PRIVATE:
Current dollars
,
1967 dollars 3
Real spendable earnings (married worker with
3 dependents, 1967 dollars) 3. *

216.84 213.21 217.41 218.23 220.01 221.43 223.48 223.57 225.98 228.12 229.19 228.98 230.45
103.31 100. 57 101.55 100.85 100.60 100.24 100.04
99. 10
98.88
97.94
99.16
96.53
91.68

89.44

90.09

89.43

89.12

1

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.
2
The index excludes effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to underlying wage-rate
developments: Fluctuations in overtime premiums in manufacturing (the only sector for which overtime
data are available) and the effects of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage and low-wage
industries.

88.73

88.44

87.61

87.53

87.17

86.29

85.06

-

3

The CPI-W is used to deflate these series to 1967 dollars.
4
See footnote 2, table C-5.
N.A.=not available.
p=preliminary.

C-10. Hours of wage and salary workers1 in nonagricultural establishments by industry division
Millions of noun (Annual rate) 3

Percent change

Industry division

TOTAL
PRIVATE SECTOR
MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE
SERVICES
GOVERNMENT

1
Data refer t o hours of a*: employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers and
salaried workers—and are based largely on establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods
for Surveys and Studies, BLS Bulletin 1910—Chapter 30, Productivity Measures: Privata
Economy and Major Sectors.

128




Mar. 1979
JANUARY
1979

FEBRUARY
pl980

171,606
140,309
2,287
9,171
43,931
26,900
17,031
10,853
34,702
9,601
29,764
31,297

171,252
140,051
2,256
9,157
43,733
26,864
16,869
10,764
34,673
9,607
29,862
31,201

MARCH
pl980

170,842
139,694
2,290
8,765
43,458
26,709
16,749
10,826
34,612
9,671
30,071
31,148

to
Mar. 1980

0.8
0.8
8.5
-2.4
-2.6
-3.0
-1.8
1.6
1.1
4.2
4.4
1.0

Jan. 1980
to
Feb. 1980
-0.2
-0.2
-1.4
-0.1
-0.5
-0.1
-0.9
-0.8
-0.1
0.1
0.3
-0.3

Feb. 1980
to
Mar. 1980
-0.2
-0.3
1.5
-4.3
-0.6
-0.6
-0.7
0.6
-0.2
0.7
0.7
-0.2

"Annual rate" refers to total hours paid for 1 week in the month, expressed as a s
sonally adjusted annual equivalent.

PRODUCTIVITY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11.

Indexes of output and compensation per hour, unit costs, and prices,

private business sector, seasonally adjusted
[1967 = 100]
Quarterly indexes
Annual average

1978

1977

1978

1979

II

III

PRIVATE BUSINESS SECTOR:
Output per hour of all persons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonbbor payments
Implicit price deflator

119.2
140.7
118.1
231.2
118.3
194.0
174.3
187.2

118.1
144.1
121.9
252.8
116.3
214.0
184.6
203.8

117.9
132.8
112.6
210.8
116.7
178.8
164.7
173.9

119.4
135.2
113.2
215.3
117.6
180.2
167.9
176.0

118.8
136.1
114.5
218.5
117.9
183.8
168.6
178.6

NONFARM BUSINESS SECTOR:
Output per hour of all persons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

116.8
141,
121.
227,
116,
194,
169,
186.1

115.5
144.9
125.4
247.6
113.9
214.3
178.8
202.2

115.8
133.4
115.2
207.3
114.7
179.0
163.2
173.6

116.7
135.6
116.2
211.2
115.4
180.9
167.1
176.2

Un t labor costs

128.0
134.5
105.1
229.5
117.5
179.4

130.2
139.8
107.4
250.5
115.2
192.4

127.3
128.1
100.6
209.7
116.1
164.7

DURABLE GOODS
Output per hour of all persons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

121.3
129.6
106.9
230.8
118.1
190.4

122.4
135.0
110.3
251.7
115.8
205.6

NONDURABLE GOODS
Output per hour of all persons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour . . . .
Unit labor costs

139.0
142.3
102.4
226.1
115.7
162.7

NONFINANCIAL CORPORATIONS:
Output per all-employee hour . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

117.9
150.0
127.2
224.8
115.0
193.3
190.6
201.8
127.2
183.5

MANUFACTURING:
O u t p u t per hour of all persons

...

Output
Hours
Compensation per hour

........

Real compensation per hour

....

;

1979

II

III

IV

II

III

IV

118.4
136.9
115.6
224.2
118.7
189.4
164.8
180.9

119.0
140.3
117.9
228.5
118.1
192.1
173.9
185.8

119.7
141.8
118.4
233.6
118.2
195.2
177.0
188.9

119.8
144.0
120.2
238.4
118.0
199.0
181.3
192.9

118.9
144.4
121.5
244.8
118.0
205.9
180.8
197.2

118.2
143.4
121.3
250.3
116.9
211.7
183.7
202.0

117.8
143.8
122.0
255.6
115.8
217.0
185.6
206.1

117.6
144.7
123.0
260.1
114.2
221.1
189.0
210.0

116.3
136.4
117.3
214.8
115.9
184.7
166.0
178.3

116.0
137.3
118.4
220.6
116.8
190.2
161.1
180.2

116.5
141.1
121.1
224.6
116.1
192.7
169.2
184.7

117.3
142.7
121.6
229.4
116.1
195.6
173.0
187.8

117.6
145.0
123.4
234.3
116.0
199.3
176.1
191.4

116.6
145.5
124.8
240.2
115.8
206.0
174.3
195.1

115.4
144.2
124.9
244,8
114.3
212.1
177.6
200.3

115.0
144.6
125.7
249.9
113.2
217.3
180.5
204.7

115.1
145.5
126.3
255.4
112.2
221.8
183.3
208.6

128.4
129.9
101.1
214.1
117.0
166.7

127.8
130.8
102.3
217.5
117.4
170.2

125.7
130.1
103.4
223.2
118.1
177.5

127.2
133.4
104.8
226.6
117.1
178.1

129.2
135.9
105.2
231.4
117.0
179.1

129.8
138.5
106.7
236.5
117.1
182.2

129.0
140.1
108.5
242.4
116.9
187.9

130.0
139.7
107.5
248.2
115.9
190.9

131.1
139.9
106.7
253.0
114.6
193.0

130.6
139.5
106.8
258.2
113.4
197.6

121.6
122.2
100.5
211.6
117.1
174.0

122.3
124.4
101.7
215.9
118.0
176.6

121.7
125.5
103.2
219.4
118.4
180.3

118.9
124.4
104.6
224.5
118.9
188.8

120.9
128.3
106.1
227.9
117.8
188.5

122.5
131.3
107.2
232.5
117.6
189.9

122.8
134.5
109.5
237.9
117.7
193.7

121.8
136.2
111.8
243.8
117.5
200.1

122,
135
110,
249
116.
203.3

122.7
134.6
109.7
254.3
115.2
207.3

122.3
134.0
109.5
259.1
113.8
211.8

143.3
147.6
103.0
246.5
113.4
172.1

136.6
137.6
100.7
206.6
114.4
151.2

138.5
138.8
100.2
210.6
115.1
152.1

137.9
139.3
101.1
213.8
115.3
155.1

136.9
139.3
101.7
220.1
116.5
160.7

137.5
141.6
103.0
223.6
115.5
162.6

140.3
143.2
102.1
228.1
115.4
162.6

141.4
145.1
102.6
232.4
115.0
164.3

141.1
146.3
103.7
238.0
114.8
168.7

142.1
146.9
103.4
244.1
114.0
171.8

145.2
148.5
102.3
248.9
112.7
171.4

144.6
148.6
102.8
254.8
111.9
176.2

117.5
154.7
131.7
244.7
112.6
210.3
208.3
216.6
128.4
198.2

116.5
140.4
120.5
205.7
113.8
180.5
176.6
192.4
123.3
172.0

117.4
142.7
121.5
209.5
114.5
182.4
178.4
194.8
130.9
174.7

116.7
143.4
122.9
212.8
114.8
186.3
182.3
198.7
122.2
176.8

116.7
144.7
124.1
218.5
115.7
190.8
187.3
201.5
107.1
178.3

117.8
149.7
127.1
222.3
114.9
191.6
188.7
200.8
129.2
182.3

118.4
151.4
127.8
226.9
114.8
194.0
191.5
201.6
132.7
184.9

118.8
154.2
129.8
231.3
114.5
196.8
194.8
203.1
138.7
188.2

118.1
155.1
131.3
237.4
114.5
202.3
201.0
206.5
130.3
191.6

117.3
154.1
131.4
242.1
113.1
208.0
206.4
213.2
129.2
196.3

117.2
154.3
131.7
247.1
112.0
213.2
210.8
220.5
127.5
200.4

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

p=preliminary.
r=revised.




129

PRODUCTIVITY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-12. Percent changes from preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit
costs, and prices, private business sector, seasonally adjusted at annual rate
Annual percent change

Quarterly percent change

II 1978|EII 1978 IV 1978 I 1979 II 1979 II 197$ II 197 IV 1977
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
II 1978 IV 1978 I 1979 II 1979 CII 19791IV 1979 II 1978 IV 1978
PRIVATE BUSINESS SECTOR:
Output per hour of all persons . . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

2.4
4.2
1.7
9.2
0.3
6.6
7.4
6.9

0.3
6.4
6.1
8.5
-0.7
8.1
9.9
8.7

-3.0
1.2
4.4
11.1
0.1
14.6

NONFARM BUSINESS SECTOR:
Output per hour of all persons . . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

2.7
4.5
1.8
8.8
0.0
6.0
9.4
7.0

0.8
6.8
5.9
8.8
-0.4
8.0
7.3
7.8

MANUFACTURING:
Output per hour of all persons . . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

6.3
7.6
1.3
8.7
-0.1
2.2

-2.2
-2.9
-0.7
9.3
-3.8
11.8
6.5
10.1

-1.3
1.1
2.4

-3.2
1.2
4.6
10.4
-0.6
14.0
-4.0
8.1

-4.1
-3.6
0.5
7.9
-5.0
12.5

-1.4
1.2
2.6

11.0

-3.9
10.1
6.6
9.0

2.0
8.1
5.9
9.3
0.0
7.1

-2.4
4.6
7.1
10.3
-0.6
13.0

2.9
-0.9
-3.7
9.8
-3.4
6.7

1.2

-3.2

2.9

-1.0

9.3

7.8

I 1978 II 1978 II 1978 IV 1978
to
to
to
to
I 1979 II 1979 II 1979 IV 1979

-0.6
2.7
3.3
7.2
-5.4
7.8
7.7
7.8

0.2
4.8
4.6
8.5
0.4
8.3
5.4
7.4

0.8
5.8
5.0
9.1
0.1
8.3
7.5
8.0

0.4
5.5
5.1
9.2
-0.6
8.7
9.7
9.0

-0.6
2.2
2.8
9.5
-1.0
10.2
5.6
8.7

-1.6
1.4
3.0
9.4
-2*0
11.2
4.8
9.1

-1.8
0.5
2.3
9.1
-3.2
11.1
4.3

0.5
2.5
1.9
9.2
-3.6
8.6
6.4
7.9

0.5
5.2
4.7
8.7
0.6
8.1
3.5
6.6

1.1
6.3
5.2
9.1
0.1
7.9
6.1
7.3

0.5
5.9
5.4
8.9
-0.8
8.3
8.2
8.3

-1.0
2*2
3.2

8.5

-2.0
1.3
3.4
8.9
-2.5
11.1
4.3
9.0

-2.0
0.3
2.4
9.0
-3.3
11.3
4.1
9.0

3.5
0.4
-2.9
8.1
-4.3
4.4

-1.3
-1.1
0.3
9.9

0.6
4.6
4.0
8.1
0.0
7.4

1.6
5.9
4.3
8.7
-0.3
7.1

2.6
7.7
4.9
8.6
-1.1
5.9

2.2
4.8
2.6
9.5
-1.0
7.2

1.5
3.0
1.5
9.4
-2.1
7.8

0.6
0.7
0.1
9.2
-3.1
8.5

-0.1
-2.3
-2.2

0.2
5.6
5.4
7.7
-0.3
7.5

0.9
7.1
6.1
8.4
-0.5
7.4

2.4
9.5
6.9
8.6
-1.1
6.0

1.5
5.5
4.0
9.5
-1.1
7.9

0.2
2.5
2.3
9.4
9.2

-0.4
-0.4
0.0
8.9
-3.3
9.4

1.3
3.2
1.9
8.3
0.3
7.0

2.6
4.1
1.5
8.7
-0.3
6.0

3.1
5.1
1.9
8.1
-1.5
4.9

3.3
3.7
0.4
9.2
-1.3
5.7

3.5
3.7
0.2
9.1
-2.3
5.4

2.2
2.4
0.2
9.6
-2.7
7.3

0.8
6.1
5.2
8.3
0.2
6.4
7.4
3.5
1.4
5.8

1.8
7.5
5.6
8.7
-0.3
5.6
6.8
2.2
13.6
6.4

1.3
7.2
5.8
8.7
-1.0
6.1
7.3
2.5
21.7
7.5

-0.5
2.9
3.4
8.9
-1.6
8.6
9.4
6.2
0.0
7.7

-1.0
1.9
3.0
8.9
-2.5
9.9
10.1
9.4
-3.9
8.4

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

8.8

-3.6
10.3
4.1
8.3

8.5

8.4
-4.3

9.0

-1.5
10.1
5.0

8.9

DURABLE GOODS
Output per hour of all persons

....

Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

NONDURABLE GOODS
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
NONFINANCIAL CORPORATIONS:
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

p=preliminary.
r=revised.

130



5.1
9.6
4.3
8.3
-0.4
3.1

8.7
9.6
0.4
8.3

5.3
8.8

-2.5
-5.2

10.3
-0.6
13.9

9.7
-3.5
6.6

-4.4

8.0

-1.2
-1.8
-0.6
7.8
-4.8
9.1

8.2
4.8
-3.2
8.3
-0.4
0.1

3.4
5.3
1.8
7.8
-1.3
4.2

-0.9
3.4
4.4
10.0
-0.9
11.0

2.7
1.5
-1.2
10.6
-2.6
7.7

9.0
4.6
-4.1
8.1
-4.3
-0.9

-1.7
0.1
1.8
9.9
-3.0
11.7

2.0
4.6
2.5
8.4

1.1
7.6
6.4
8.1
-1.0
5.9
6.9
2.9
19.5

-2.1
2.5
4.6
11.0
0.0
11.7
13.4
6.8
-22.1
7.6

-2.8
-2.6
0.3
8.0
-4.9
11.8
11.2
13.5
-3.4
10.2

-0.2
0.6
0.9
8.6
-3.8
10.2
8.8
14.6
-5.3

-0.4
5.1
6.2
1.7
11.4
5.7

10.0

7.3

8.0

8.6

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

-2.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS

C-13. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by State and selected areas
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly hours
State and area

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

40.6
39.9
41.4

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

40.9
40.2
41.8

40.6
(•)
(•)

$5.79
6.95
6.97

$6.29
7.39
7.90

$6.30
(*)
(•)

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

$235.25
277.30
288.56

$2 57.26
297.08
330.22

$255.78
(•)
l»>

ALASKA

381.23

409.89

426.71

39.1

39.0

40.6

9.75

10.51

10.51

ARIZONA1
Phoenix1
Tucson !

251.77
251.77
235.17

280.30
280.38
251.29

275.26
270.82
258.82

39.9
39.9
39.0

40.1
40.4
38.6

39.1
38.8
38.4

6.31
6.31
6.03

6.99
6.94
6.51

7.04
6.98
6.74

ARKANSAS
Fayetteville—Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

197.39
182.66
198.27
227.13
273.92

217.80
205.02
214.34
248.92
295.18

218.51
200.85
209.00
247.04
296.74

39.4
40.5
38.8
43.2
42.8

39.6
40.2
38.9
39.7
41.4

39.3
39. 0
38.0
39.4
41.1

5.01
4.51
5.11
5.65
6.40

5.50
5.10
5.51
6.27
7.13

5.56
5.15
5.50
6.27
7.22

CALIFORNIA
Anaheim—Santa Ana—Garden Grove .
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oxnard-Simi Valley-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario .
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco-Oakland
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria—Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

268.13
246.65
276.19
240.48
255.15
251.56
242.35
275.81
278.94
266.81
252.83
315.75
286.64
229.40
235.34
287.86
277.88

286.86
267.87
314.41
265.10
273.74
2 75.66
252.29
299.02
311.56
270.45
269.81
341.82
313.43
257.69
254.88
310.06
296.00

(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)
<*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)

39.9
40.5
38.9
33.6
40.5
38.0
40.8
39.6
37.9
38.5
38.6
38.6
40.6
37.3
36.6
38.9
37.2

39.3
40.1
39.4
38.7
39.5
38.5
38.4
39.5
38.8
36.4
38.6
39.2
40.6
37.4
37.1
39.1
37.9

(*)
(*>
(*)
(*)
<•)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
<•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(*)

6.72
6.09
7.10
6.23
6.30
6.62
5.94
6.93
7.36
6.93
6.55
8.18
7.06
6.15
6.43
7.40
7.47

7.35
6.68
7.98
6.85
6.93
7.16
6.57
7.57
8.03
7.43
6.99
8.72
7.72
6.89
6.87
7.93
7.81

(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(*}
(*)
(*)
(•)
(*>
(*)
<•)
(*)
(*)
(•)

COLORADO
Denver—Boulder

255.32
255.97

286.63
275.02

284.97
(*)

39.1
39.2

40.2
36.9

39.8
(•)

6.53
6.53

7.13
7.07

7.16
(*)

CONNECTICUT
Bridgeport '
Hartford .*
New Britain *
New Haven-West Haven l
Stamford •
Waterbury !

265.20
277.10
294.80
262.71
263.52
263.53
233.62

290.11
306.42
321.10
303.20
281.11
284.26
247.28

268.65
303.53
318.22
290.28
269.33
276.69
243.53

42.5
43.5
43.1
41.7
41.5
42.3
42.4

42.6
43.9
43.1
43.5
41.4
43.8
41.7

42.2
43.3
42.6
42.5
39.9
43.3
41.7

6.24
6.37
6.84
6.30
6.35
6.23
5.51

6.81
6.98
7.45
6.97
6.79
6.49
5.93

6.84
7.01
7.47
6.83
6.75
6.39
5.84

DELAWARE
Wilmington

270.59
303.61

291.46
329.51

298.85
336.58

38.6
39.0

39.6
39.7

39.9
40.5

7.01
7.79

7.36
8.30

7.49
8.36

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA:
Washington SMSA

271.70

(*)

(*)

ALABAMA
Birmingham
Mobile

..

(•)

38.0

(•)

(•)

7.15

216.89
204.31
252.56
188.73
226.73
284.71
224.62
254.70

232.97
225.60
274.72
200.70
246.33
260.35
247.78
262.50

(•I
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)

41.0
40.7
41.0
40.5
41.0
43.6
40.4
45.0

40.8
41.7
40.4
39.9
41.4
37.3
42.5
42.0

(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)

5.29
5.02
6.16
4.66
5.53
6.53
5.56
5.66

5.71
5.41
6.80
5.03
5.95
6.98
5.83
6.25

(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
<*J
(*)
(*)
(*)

GEORGIA
Atlanta
Savannah

200.97
229.74
271.51

222.86
254.02
311.32

(•)
(•)
(•)

39.1
36.1
41.2

40.3
39.2
43.0

(•)
(•)
(*)

5.14
6.03
6.59

5.53
6.48
7.24

(*)
(•)
(*)

HAWAII *
Honolulu l

235.42
233.41

237.10
240.58

277.93
279. 30

36.9
36.3

35.6
35.8

39.2
38.9

6.38
6.43

6.66
6.72

7.09
7.18

IDAHO !.
Boise City '

255.26
215.84

266.01
222.14

259.18
216.83

38.5
38 . 0

37.1
35.6

36.3
34.2

6.63
5.68

7.17
6.24

7.14
6.34

FLORIDA
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood
Jacksonville
Miami

Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg
West Palm Beach—Boca Raton

(•)

See footnotes at end of table.




131

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS

C-13. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by State and selected areas—Continued
Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earning!

Average weekly hours

State and area

ILLINOIS
Bloomington—Normal
ChamDaian Urbana Rantoul
Chicaao SMSA
Davenport—Rock Island—Moline
Decatur

. . .

.

Peoria
Rockford

. . . .
•.

Springfield
INDIANA
Gary 'Hammond—East Chicago
Indianapolis

.

.

.

.

IOWA
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines

. ..

Dubuque

.

Sioux City
Waterloo Cedar Falls
KANSAS
Topeka
Wichita

.

KENTUCKY
Louisville
LOUISIANA

. . . .

Baton Rouge

MAINE
Portland
MARYLAND
Baltimore
MASSACHUSETTS
Boston

.

. . .

.

Fall River
Lowell
New Bedford
Sorinafield ChicoDee Holvoke
Worcester
.. .
MICHIGAN
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Bay City

. .

Flint
Jackson
Kalamazoo—Portaoe

MINNESOTA
Duluth SuDerior
Minneapolis St Paul '
MISSISSIPPI

See footnotes at end of table.

132



.

•

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FSB.
1980P

$308.30
245.39
246.88
2 91.53
341.25
305.09
387.60
3 05.93
297.21

$309.94
243.92
230.40
292.80
356.25
285.22
409.89
307.16
277.47

40.5
41.2
41.1
40.3
38.7
43.6
36.2
42.1
44. 1

40.3
36.3
34.1
40.1
38.3
35.6
40.8
40.9
38.3

40.2
35.3
32.0
40.0
40.3
35.3
42.3
40.9
36.8

$7.10
6.41
6.76
6.92
8.49
7.81
8.71
7.08
7.69

$7.65
6.76
7.24
7.27
8.91
8.57
9.50
7.48
7.76

$7.71
6.91
7.20
7.32
8.84
8.08
9.69
7.51
7.54

310.84
423.90
311.92

323.99

324.37

40.9
41.6
41.7

39.9

39.8
(*)

(•)

(•)

7.60
10.19
7.46

8.12
I*)
(•)

8.15

(*)

40.3
41.9
38.6
40.6
41.0
42.0

40.2
42.1
39.9
41.0
41.0
41.2

40.2

8.30
8.13
8.65
10.11
7.53
10.21

8.28
(*)

40.3
(•)

7.45
7.34
7.83
8.59
6.66
9.33

7.49
(•)

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

$287.45
264.47
277.88
278.66
328.61
340.64
315.40
298.25
339.07

(•)

(•>

(•)

(•)

300.23
307.54
302.23
352.00
273.06
368.13

333.66
342.27
345.14
414.51
308.73
420.65

332. 86

269.94
29 9.97
284.42

289.17
298.56
313.24

284.65
282.74
306.11

40.9
43.6
41.4

40.5
40.4
41.0

39.7
37.8
39.6

6.60
6.86
6.87

7.14
7.39
7.64

7.17
7.48
7,73

259.25
299.77

2 72.92
314.03

271.21
312.00

39.4
40.4

39.1
39.7

38.8
40.0

6.58
7.42

6.98
7.91

6.99
7.80

280.90
344.96
278.26
254.38

307.10
382.37
315.01
267.87

302.09
387.73
314.18
266.90

41.6
43.5
40.6
40.7

41.5
43.6
42.8
40.1

41.1
40.9
42.4
39.6

6.72
7.93
6.82
6.25

7.40
8.77
7.36
6.68

7.35
9.48
7.41
6.74

206.04
168.97
204.00

234.90
193.05
223.41

(*)
(*)

39.7
37.8
40.0

40.5
39.0
40.4

(•)
(•)

5.80
4.95
5.53

(•)

(•)

5.19
4.47
5*10

268.80
285.32

293.86
313.65

289.54
311. 12

38.9
39.3

40.2
41.0

39.5
40.3

6.91
7.26

7.31
7.65

7.33
7.72

235.94
257.11
162.36
167.08
229.50
202.18
199.66
23e.71
248.26

(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)

(*)

(•)

(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)

(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•>
(•)

<•)
(*)

(*)
(*)

(•)
(*)

5.84
6.38
4.85
4.68
5.81
5.06
5.12
5.78
6.07

(•)
(•)
(•>

(•)
(•)

40.4
40.3
37.6
35.7
39.5
39.8
39.0
41.3
40.9

(*)

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)

(*)

361.88
389.17
372.11
319.69
391.27
422.92
286.35
340.61
339.15
359.21
313.48
395.37

364.49
379.56
367.26
329.66
391.88
429.53
306.09
343.18
335.96
382.71
323.43
403.85

(*)
(*)

40.0
40.7
41.3
39.4
40.5
41.2
39.8
41.9
40.5
38.0
40.0
36.2

39.9
39.5
41.2
40.3
40.4
41.5
39.7
42.0
39.9
39.7
40.5
39.0

26 6.77
257.40
288.55

(*)
(•)
(•)

(•)
(•J
(•)

39.7
39.6
40.3

(•)
(•)
(•)

192.94
218.12

207.11
230.98

209.75
238.21

39.7
41.0

39.6
41.1

(•)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)
<•)
(•)
<!*)
(•)

(•)
(*)
(•}

301.85

(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)

(•)
(•)
(*>

(•)

(•)

(•)

(•J
(*)

<*)
(•}
(*)
(*)

(*)
(*}
(*)

(•)
(*)
(•)

(*)
(•)

(*)
(*)

(*>
(*)

9.05
9.56
9.01
8.11
9.66
10.27
7.25
8.13
8.37
9.45
7.84
10.35

9.14
9.61
8.91
8.19
9.70
10.35
7.71
8.17
6.42
9.64
7.99
10.36

(*)
(*)
(•)

6.77
6.50
7.16

(•)
(•)
(•)

(•)
(•)

39.5
41.0

4.86
5.32

5.23
5.62

5.31
5.81

<*)
<*)
<*)
(*)
<*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(*)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-T3. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by State and selected areas-Continued
Average weekly earnings
State and area

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

Average weekly hours

Average hourly earnings

FEB.
1980P

FfciB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

$256.35
289.41
239.55
299.14
221.36

$276.41
315.21
249.00
313.58
247.50

$277.38
318.79
264.61
314.41
259.77

39.5
39.7
39.4
40.7
38.7

39.6
39.9
37.5
40.1
39.6

39.4
39.7
39.0
39.9
40.4

$6.49
7.29
6.08
7.35
5.72

$6.98
7.90
6.64
7.82
6.25

$7.04
8.03
6.79
7.88
6.43

MONTANA

338.55

383.63

371.28

40.4

45.4

42.0

8.38

8.45

8.84

NEBRASKA
Lincoln
Omaha

259.97
251.41
27 3.21

289.80
275.32
297.14

285.65
265.56

41.2
39.1

289. 48

40.9

41.4
39.5
40.1

41.1
38.1
39.6

6.31
6.43
6.68

7.00
6.97
7.41

6.95
6.97
7.31

NEVADA
Las Vegas

259.97
343.26

277.99

(•)

38.4
40.1

39.6
(•)

(•)
(•)

6.77
8.56

7.02
(*)

(*>
(*)

NEW HAMPSHIRE
Manchester
Nashua

208.40
182.96
234.89

(•)

i)

i*i

(*)
<*)

40.0
38.6
41.5

(•)
(•)
<*)

(•)
(*)
(*)

5.21
4.74
5.66

(•)
(*)
(•)

(•)
(*)
(•)

NEW JERSEY
Atlantic City
Camden ?.
Hackensack 4.
Jersey City \ .
New Brunswick-Perth Amboy-Sayreville
Newark4...."
Paterson—Clifton—Passaic 4
Trenton

271.05
186.84
253.03
249.55
275.81
294.17
276.25
253.17
271*32

285.10
209.37
272.43
262.08
282.40
308.56
293.16
271.75
281.47

41.7
37.1
40.1
43.1
41.6
41.2
42.5
41.3
40.8

41.2
38.7
40.6
41.6
40.4
40.6
42.0
41.3
39.7

(•)
(*)
(•)
(•I
(*)
(•)
(•)
{*)
(•)

6.50
5.09
6.31
5.79
6.63
7.14
6.50
6.13
6.65

6.92
5.41
6.71
6.30
6.99
7.60
6.98
6.58
7.09

(*)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•>
<*}
(•)
(•)

NEW MEXICO
Albuquerque

200.85
207.77

231.09
243.67

38.7
39.5

40.4
41.3

39.5
41.6

5.19
5.26

5.72
5.90

5.76
5.95

NEW YORK
Albany—Schenectady—Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
x
Monroe County s . . . .
6
Nassau-Suffolk
New York-Northeastern New Jersey
New York and Nassau-Suffolk 4
New York SMSA 6
New York City 7
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rock land County 7
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County 7

256.07
266.90
234.84
344.44
254.34
348.53
237.37
243.97
220.96
217.33
214.48
253.86
327.60
246.38
287.43
240.60
235.41

275.71
292.84
260.82
359.45
272.97
368.68
260.95
260.83
240.52
234.98
229.40
267.49
344.87
273.24
307.13
264.80
271.74

39.7
39.6
40.7
41.7
40.5
42.4
39.3
39.8
37.9
37.6
37.3
42.1
42.0
41.2
41.9
39.9
39.3

39.9
40.9
41.4
40.8
40.5
41.6
39.9
39.7
38.3
37.9
37*3
40.9
41.5
41.4
41.9
40.0
42.0

(•)
(•)
(•}
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)

6.45
6.74
5.77
8.26
6.2-8
8.22
6.04
6.13
5.83
5.78
5.75
6.03
7.80
5.98
6.86
6.03
5.99

6.91
7.16
6.30
8.81
6.74
8.82
6.54
6.57
6.28
6.20
6.15
6.54
8.31
6.60
7.33
6.62
6.47

(*>
(•)

(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)

NORTH CAROLINA
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

184.86
1&7.63
19*4.81
196.48
206.84

204.97
204.83
212.59
222.16
231.26

204.34
200.99
209.71
217.28
232.65

39.0
40.7
41.1
38.3
39.1

39.8
40.4
41.2
39.6
39.6

39.6
39.8
40.8
38.8
39.1

4.74
4.61
4.74
5.13
5.29

5.15
5.07
5.16
5.61
.5.84

5.16
5.05
5.14
5.60
5.95

NORTH DAKOTA
Fargo-Moorhead

217.83
231.47

232.23
245.95

232.01
257.93

37.3
36.8

36.4
35.8

37.3
36.9

5.84
6.29

6.38
6.87

6.22
6.99

323.82
323.76
337.33
299.59
340.92
275.60
331.14
333.22
384.08

331.30
339.06
338.85
316.00
336.59
295.20
345.69
343.88
382.93

332.93
341.54
342. 40
319.66
341.96
293.49
341.55
344.73
389.42

42.0
42.6
41.6
41.9
43.1
40.0
42.4
41.6
42.3

40.7
41.2
40.1
41.2
40.7
40.0
41.8
40.6
39.6

40.7
41.6
40.0
41.3
41.2
39.5
41.3
40.7
39.9

7.71
7.60
8.07
7.15
7.91
6.89
7.81
8.01
9.08

8.14
6.23
8.45
7.67
8.27
7.38
8.27
8.47
9.67

8.18
8.21
8.56
7.74
8.30
7.43
8.27
8.47
9.76

MISSOURI
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis 2
Springfield

:

OHIO
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

...

(•)

(•)

(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)

227.52
247.52
(*)
(*)
(•)
(•)

(*i
<*)
{*)
.(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
(•)
(*)
<*)

i*i
(*)
(*)•

See footnotes at end of table.




133

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-13. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by State and selected areas—Continued
Average weakly hours

•rag* weak

Average hourly earnings

State and araa

FEB.
1979
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
OREGON
Eugene-Springfield \ . . .
Jackson County.1. . . .
Portland !

£250.67
239.51
273.21
(*)
<*)
(*)
(•)

JAM.
1980
$281.70
301.58
294.00

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAM.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

$283.38
306.12
293.04

40.3
39.1
40.9

40.3
41.2
40.0

39.8
41.2
39.6

$6.22
6.10
6.68

$6.99
7.32
7.35

$7.12
7.43
7.40

(•)
(*)
(•)
(•)

293.47
326.68
310.88
271.96

(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)

(*)
<*>
(*)
(*)

35.4
37.4
37.5
33.7

(•)
289.92
251.14
(•)
306.59
289.62
307.47
259.08
206.96
(•)
355.45
262.6 8
196.51
213. 12
272.12
260. 80

39.9
38.0
38.3
39.5
41.9
40.0
40.6
39*7
37.1
39.6
40.6
36.0
38.4
36.2
39.5
40.6

39.3
38.6
39.6
40.-1
41.9
41.7
37.7
40.7
37.3
40.2
40.2
39.2
37.5
36.9
40.3
40.8

(•)
38.4
39.8
(•)
41.6
41.7
38.1
40.8
36.5
(•)
40.3
38.8
35.6
37.0
39.9
40.0

8.29
8.74
8.29
8.07

(*)
(*)
(*)
(•)

6.80
6.88
6.01
6.95
6.73
6.41
7.23
5.93
5.14
6.85
8.21
6.24
5.06
5.19
6.12
5.99

7.26
7.56
6.38
7.30
7.36
6.90
8.03
6.32
5.67
7.21
8.84
6.83
5.53
5.75
6.83
6.49

I*)
7*55
6.31
(*)
7.37
6.95
8.07
6.35
5.67
(*)
8.82
6.77
5.52
5.76
6.82
6.52

(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)

PENNSYLVANIA *
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton ! .
Altoona .'
Delaware Valley !. . . 8
Erie }
Harrisburg *
Johnstown
Lancaster.!
Northeast Pennsylvania l. . . .
Philadelphia SMSA l . . .
Pittsburgh *
Reading 1
Scranton '. . . ?
Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton *.. }?. . .
Williamsport '
York

271,32
261.44
230.18
274,53
281.99
256.40
293.54
235.42
190.69
271.26
334.97
237.12
194.30
187.88
241.74
243.19

265.32
291.62
252.65
292.73
308.38
287.73
302.73
257.22
211.49
289.84
355.37
267.74
207.38
212.18
275.25
264.79

RHODE ISLAND
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket .

195.92
196.81

215.17
213.98

213.49
211.77

39.5
39.6

39.7
39.7

39.1
39.0

4.96
4.97

5.42
5.39

5.46
5.43

SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville—Spartanburg

201.14
230.01
199.00
198.86

221.12
244.16
216.54
220.71

220.86
250.04
215.20
221.68

40.6
41.0
39.8
40.5

41.1
39.7
40.4
41.1

40.9
40.2
40.0
40.9

4.93
5.61
5.00
4.91

5.38
6.15
5.36
5.37

5.40
6.22
5.38
5.42

SOUTH DAKOTA
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
....

213.73
181.72
280.16

253.02
211.94
339.34

53.9
33.1
41.2

42.1
35.5
47*0

45.7

5.37
5.49
6.80

6.01
5.97
7.22

(*)
(*)
7.31

TENNESSEE
Chattanooga . . .
Knoxville .
Memphis
Nashville—Davidson . .

213.59
216.41
240.85
239.40
232.06

232.85
241.92
272.96
258.30
238.65

39.7
40.3
40.2
40.1
39.6

39.6
42.0
40.2
39.8
38.9

(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)
(*)

5.38
5.37
6.24
5*97
5.86

5.88
5*76
6.79
6.49
6.14

(*)
(*}
(•)
(•)
(•)

TEXAS
Amarillo .
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur—Orange .. . .
Corpus Christi
Dallas-Fprt Worth. .
El Paso !.
Galveston—Texas City
Houston .
Lubbock . . . .
San Antonio
Waco
Wichita Falls

253.78
243.58
196.46
306.16
264.32
235.76
180.57
396.77
325.57
196.02
179.47
209.21
227.61

273.64
279.97
222.56
372.78
287.63
258.22
198.50
368.22
346.96
220.18
208.75
230.47
253.13

280.98
276.19
220.83
(•)
285.26
261.35
199.56
405.04
351.42
217.71
202.40
229.90
251.65

40.8
40.8
41.1
40.5
39.1
40.3
38.5
42.3
43.7
40.5
39.1
38.6
40.5

40.6
41.6
41.6
41.1
39.7
40.6
38.1
36.0
43.1
42.1
41.5
39.6
40.5

41.2
41.1
41.2
(*)
39.4
40.9
38.6
41.5
43.6
41.0
40.4
38.9
40.2

6.22
5.97
4.76
8.82
6.76
5.85
4.69
9.38
7.45
4.84
4.59
5.42
5.62

6.74
6.73
5.35
9.07
7.25
6.36
5.21
9.69
8.05
5.23
5.03
5.82
6.25

6.82
6.72
5.36
(*)
7.24
6.39
5.17
9.76
6.06
5.31
5.01
5.91
6.26

UTAH
Salt Lake City-Ogden . .

236.37
222.21

256.30
239.62

263.98
244.36

39.2
39.4

38.6
38.4

39*4
39.1

6.03
5.64

6.64
6.24

6.70
6.25

VERMONT .
Burlington . . .
Springfield . . .

218.97
240.95
264.12

240.20
264. 12
292.81

240.49
268.82
294.13

40.7
41.4
42.6

41.2
42.6
44.5

40.9
42.4
43.9

5.38
5.82
6.20

5.83
6.20
6.58

5.86
6.34
6.70

VIRGINIA
Bristol
Lynchburg
Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth
Northern Virginia ! ! . . . . .
Petersburg-Colonial Heights-Hopewell .

210.99
197.22
220.99
254.81
229.20
247.69

236.81
216.02
239.60
258.80
266.66
277.36

236.22
216.50
237.60
262.66
256.90
270.27

39.0
36.0
40.4
41.5
38.2
37.7

39.8
37.7
39.8
40.0
40.1
38.9

39.7
38.0
40.0
40.1
38.4
38.5

5.41
5.19
5.47
6.14
6.00
6.57

5.95
5.73
6.02
6.47
6.65
7.13

5.95
5.75
5.94
6.55
6.69
7.02

See footnotes at end of table.

134




(•}
(*)
334.07
(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)

(l
(*)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-13. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by State and selected areas—Continued
Mkly noun

Average weekly earnings
State and area

VIRGINIA—Continued
Richmond
Roanoke

FEB.
1979

JAM.
1980

Average hourly earnings

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAM.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

$254.21
201.20

$304.50
224.56

$304.76
221.53

38.4
40.0

40.6
40.1

40.1
39.7

$6.62
5.03

$7.50
5.60

$7.60
5.58

WASHINGTON . .
Seattle-Everett
Spokane
Tacoma

302.51
315.51
275.58
319.98

(*)
(•)
(•)
(•)

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

38.1
39.0
39.2
39.7

(•)
(•)
(•)
(•)

(•)
(•)
(*)
(•)

7.94
8.09
7.03
8.06

(*)
(•)
(•)
(*)

(•)
(•)
(•)
(*)

WEST VIRGINIA
Charleston -2
•
Huntington-Ashland •
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling • w»

286.08
316.73
315.99
291.62
296.72

307.97
346.10
332.09
328.84
330.40

312.82
360.38
338.18
325. 56
338.85

39.9
42.4
40.1
40.9
39.3

40,1
41.8
39.3
40-9
41.3

39.9
42.8
39.6
40.9
40.1

7.17
7.47
7.88
7.13
7.55

7.68

8.28
8.45
8.04
8.00

7.84
8.42
8.54
7.96
8.45

WISCONSIN !
Appleton—Oshkosh . .
Eau Claire . .*
Green Bay . . . . . . . . .
Kenosha . *
La Crosse . l
Madison. . \
Milwaukee . l
Racine .*

293.86
268.53
294.56
290.43
321.24
225.08
276.46
323.72
319.46

312.18
308.71
305.33
320.34
361.77
270.37
321.30
343.15
336.29

315.94
308.71
317.97
323.64
367.04
270.78
312.12
347.35
336.60

41.3
42.0
42.2
41.3
39.8
39.6
39.3
41.6
42.9

40.4
41.2
39.5
41.3
40.4
39.6
39.7
40.7
41.5

40.6
41.4
40.9
41.7
40.5
40.2
39.7
40.8
41.3

7.11
6.87
6.98
7.04
8.07
5.69
7.04
7.79
7.45

7.72
7.49
7.72
7.77
8.96
6.79
8.10
8.43
8.11

7.78
7.46
7.77
7.77
9.06
6.73
7.85
8.51
8.16

WYOMING . . .
Casper
Cheyenne .

235.21
318.63

244.19
286.49

(•)

(•)

279.41
284.00
(•)

37.1
41.3
(•)

36.5
34.6
(*)

6.34
7.72
(*)

6.69
8.28
(*)

7.22
8.28
(•)

41.3

41.1

38.7
34.3
(•»
(•)

6.46

7.30

VIRGIN ISLANDS
1

266.80 j 30Q.03.

Revised to 1979 benchmark; not strictly comparable with previously
published data.
2
Revised to 1978 benchmark; not strictly comparable with previously
published data.
3
Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan
Statistical Area: Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester Counties, New Jersey.
4
Subarea of New York-Northeastern New Jersey.
5
Subarea of Rochester Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
8
Area Included In New York and Nassau-Suffolk combined SMSA's.
7
Subarea of New York Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
* Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan
Statistical Area: Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia




Counties, Pennsylvania.
' Subarea of Northeast Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Area: Lackawanna County.
" Subarea of Northeast Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Area: Luzerne County.
ii Subarea of Washington, D.C. Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area:
Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas, and Manassas Park cities and Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William Counties, Virginia.
p = preliminary.
• Not available.
SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover.

135

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
LABOR TURNOVER
D-1. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1970 to date
(Per 100 employees]

Annual
average

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

3.8
3.9
4.8
5.2
3.8
3.7

3. 0
3.3
3.7
3.8
2.4
2.8

2.4
2. 5
2. 7
2.6
1.8
2.2

Total accessions
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980

.

....

.

4. 0
3.9
4. 5
4.8
4.2
3. 7
3.9
4. 0

4. 0
3. 5
4. 1
4. 7
4.2
2.9

A

5. 8
4. 0
3.8

1

3.9

3.6
3. 1
3. 7
4. 1
3.7
2.7
3. 5
3. 7

a3:?
•3

3.7
3. 5
4.0
4. 5
4. 1
3.2
4.2
4.0
•2

Q

3.7
3.6
4. 1
4.6
4. 5
3.7
3. 9
3.8

4.2
4. 0
4.9
5.4
5. 1
4. 0
4. 5
4. 6

5.4
4.9
5.4
5.9
5.4
4. 5
4.8
4.9

4.4
4. 0
4.7
5.2
4.9
4.6

5.
5.
6.
6.
5.
5.

tl

1:1

4. 7
4.8
5.4
5.8
4.9
4.6
4. 4
4. 6

3.9

4.7

4.8

4. 3

4.9

4. 4

4. 1

2. 9

3.0
2. 7
3. 5
4. 1
3.7
2.6
2.9
3. 0
3. 3
3. 1

3. 5
3.4
4. 5
5. 1
4.2
3. 1
3.6
4. 0
4.2
3. 7

3.4
3.4
4. 3
4.8
3.9
3. 1
3.2
3. 5
3. 9
3.4

2. 7
2.7
3.9
4.4
2.9
2. 5
2. 5
3.0
3. 5
3. 1

1. 9
2.2
2.9
3. 1
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.2
2. 6
2.2

1. 1
.9
.8
.9

1.
1.
.
.

1
0
9
9

.8
.8
.7
.8

.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.

6.0
5.3
5. 5
5.8
5. 5

5.3
4.3
4.4
5.0
5. 1

Q

3.8

1
3
1
3
5
2

1. 4

3^9

•y

A

2. 2

New hires

2.8
2.6
3.3
3.9
3.2
2.0
2.6
2.8

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979 .
1980

2. 5
1.9
2. 5
3.2
2.8
1.2
2. 1
2. 1
2.2
2. 5

2.9
2.0
2.6

3. 5
3.2
1.3

2. 1
2.2

3. 1

2. 5

2.9

2.8
2.4

2.6
2.2
2.8

3. 5
3. 1
1.3
2.7

2. 6
2. 7
2.8

2.6
2.3
2.9
3.7
3.3
1.6
2.6

2.8

2. 7
3.7

4. 5
4. 0
2.0

2. 7

3. 1
3. 5

2.9
2.9

3.6
3.6

3.9
3. 5
4.2
5.0
4. 3
2.5
3.6
3. 7
3.9
3.8

1. 4

L.6
2. . 1
2- . 0
L.
L.
L.
L.
L.
L

0
3
3
6
7
5

Recalls

1.4
1.2
1. 0
.9
1. 1

1.0
1. 3
.7

1.2
1. 1
.8
.7

1.0
.9
.8
.7

O 00 00

1. 0
.9
. 7
.7

1976
1977
1978
1979
1980

.8

.9
.8
.7
.7

7
6
6
7

7
6
5
5

. 7
.6
. 5
. 5

4. 1
3.8
3. 7
4.0
5.2
3.4
3. 5
3. 4
3.4
3. 5

Total separations

4.8
4.2
4. 3
4.7
4.9
4.2
3.8
3. 8
3.9
4. 0

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980

4.8
4.2
4. 1
4. 3
5.0
6. 1
3.7
3.6
3.8
4. 1

4.3
3.5

4.4
3.7

4.8
3.9

4.6
3.7

4.4
3.8

5.3
4.8

3.8
4. 1
4. 5
3. 0

4.3
4.4
4. 2
3. 5

4.2
4.3
4. 0
3.6

4.4
4.4
3. 9
3.4

4. 5
4.2

5.2
4.9

5.6
5. 5
5. 5
6. 5
6.2

3. 1

3. 5
3.6

3.6
3.6

3.7
3.8

3.6
3. 5
3.8
3.9

4.3
4. 3
4. 1
4.3

4.9
5. 1
5.3
5. 7

4.7
4. 9
4.8
4. 7

4. 1
3. 8
4. 1
4.2

4.3
3.7
3.8
4.2
5.0
3. 5
3.4
3. 4
3. 5
3.8

2. 1
1.8
2.2
2.8
2. 6
1.5
1.9
1.9
2. 1
2.0

3. 0
2.8
3. 6
4.6
4. 0
2. 5
2.8
3. 1
3. 5
3. 3

3. 3
2. 9
3. 5
4.0
3. 3
2.1
2. 5
2.8
3. 1
2. 7

2. 1
2. 0
2. 5
3. 1
2. 2
1.6
1.7
1.9
2. 3
2. 1

1. 4
1. 5
2. 0
2.3
1. 4
1.2
1.2
1. 5
1. 7
1.6

1- 2

2. 3
2. 1
1. 7
1.4
1.4
2. 0
1. 6
1. 5
1.0
1. 4

. 7
L. 8
. 9
.8
L. 1
L. 3
L. 1
L. 0
.8
1. 3

1. 7
1. 5
. 9
.8
1. 2
1. 5
1. 3
1. 1
.8
1. 1

2. 2
1. 5
1. 0
.8
1. 8
1. 6
1. 5
1. 1
.9
1. 2

2. 1
1. 5
1. 0
1. 1
2.8
1. 7
1. 5
1. 1
1. 0
1. 5

2. 2
1. 8
1. 3
1. 6
3. 6
1. 9
1. 8
1. 5
1.4
1 7

Quits
1970
1971
1972..
1973
1974
1975
1976.
1977 .
1978..
1979
1980

2. 1
1.8
..

.
.
. .
..
.

2. 3
2.8
2.4
1.4
1.7
1.8
2. 1
2. 0

2. 1
1. 5

U9
1.3
1.6
2. 1
2.0
.9
1.2
1. 3
1.4

1.7

2.3
2.2
1. 1
1.3
1. 4
1. 5
1.8
1.6

D1'6
P

2.0

2. 1

1. 5
1. 9
2.5
2. 3
1.0
1.6
1.6
1.8
1.9

1.6

2. 0
2.5
2.4
1. 1
1.7
1.7
2.0
2.0

2. 1
1.7
2.2
2.8
2. 7
1.3
1.7
1.9
2. 1
2. 1

2. 1
1.8
2.2
2.8
2. 5
1.4
1.8
1.9
2.2
2. 1

L.2
L. 6
L.6
L. 0

.9
L.
I.
1.
1.

0
2
3
1

1.4
Layoffs

^970
1971.. . .
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980

p-preliminary.

136



1.8

1. 6
1. 1
.9
1. 5
2. 1
1. 3
1. 1
.9
1. 1

1. 7
1. 9
1. 5
1. 1
1.8
4. 0
1. 6
1.7

1.2
1. 1
1.6

1. 5
1.4
1. 1
.8
1. 3
2. 9
1. 0
1.4
.9
.8
P
1.2

1.6
1.4

1. 7
1.4
1.0

1. 1
.8
1. 1
2. 5
1. 1

.7
.9
2. 1
1. 1

1.0

.9

.9
.8

.8
.9

1. 5
1.2
. 9
.7
.8
1. 8
. 9
.8
.7
.7

1. 5
1.2
1. 1
.7
.8
1. 6
. 9
.8
.7
.8

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
LABOR TURNOVER
D-2. Labor turnover rates, by industry
Accession rates

Quits

Layoffs

Industry
Jan
1980

Feb.
1980P

Jan
1980

Feb.
1980 P

Jan.
1980

2. 1

1. 1

Feb.
1980P

J a n.
1980

Fe b.
1980p

Jan.
1980

4. 1

3 5

1. 6

Feb.
198OP

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980P

1.4

! 6

1. 2

3 8

3. 2

2. 4

DURABLE GOODS .

3 5

3. 0

2. 1

1.9

1.0

.8

3. 9

3 2

1.4

1.2

1 7

1. 2

NONDURABLE GOODS

4 2

3. 6

2.8

2. 5

1.2

.9

4.3

3 9

2. 0

1.8

1

5

1. 3

4. 7
-

2 9
1. 7
1 9
2 5
2 4
5 1
5 4
6 7
3 3

2.8
-

1. 6
2.2
1.4
1.8
2. 5
.8
2. 5
3.4
1.0

1. 7
-

5.9
4. 5
4. 4
5. 6
4. 7
5 7
13 7
13 . 1
5 0

5 7

2.4
1.0
1.8
2. 3
2. 0
3.6
4.7
5. 6
2. 5

2.2
-

2
2
1
2.
1.
1.
7.
5.
1.

6
9
8
4
9
2
7
9
7

2. 6
-

2. 5
2.8
3. 1
2. 7
2. 7
1.9
2. 1

2.2
-

1.
1.
1.
1.
1.

4
5
2
5
6
6
8

MANUFACTURING ...
24, 25,
32-39
20-23,
26-31

Separat on rates
Total

Recalls

New hire,

Total

1972
SIC
Code

0.9

DURABLE GOODS
24
242
2421
243
2431
244
245
2451
249

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wooden containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

4
4.
3.
4.
5.
6.
8.
10.
4.

7
4
7
4
0
1
1
3
6

5
5
5
5
5
3
3

0
5
5
2
7
1
9

1.4

4
3
3
3
4
2
6
3
7
3

8
4
2
7
5
9
6
8
5
1

3 9

1.4
.7
.9
. 5
1.3
. 5
2. 3
1. 5
2.0
1. 1

1.2
-

2.
2.
1.
2.
2.
1.
3.
1.
4.
1.

6
0
7
2
4
8
3
5
6
2

1. 9
-

.9

3
3.
3.
3.
3.
2.
1.
3.
2.
1.
3.
4.
4.

2
1
1
6
6
8
2
0
4
4
8
2
0

2. 5

.7
. 3
.2
1.2
1. 1
1. 1
. 3
. 6
.6
.2
. 5
1. 7
1. 7

.6

1.
1.
1.
1.
1.

6
8
8
6
6
7
3
6
0
7
7
3
1

1. 1

4.
4.
4.
4.
3.
5.
3.
4.
4.
7.
2.
4.
3.
3.
3.
4.
3.
8.
3.
5.
3.
3.
2.
4.

3
5
7
6
7
3
2
7
5
8
8
9
7
6
7
8
1
2
7
4
0
5
3
3

3. 7

8
5
9
3
3
1
7
8
7
9
8
8
1
6
5
9
7
1
1
6
3
2
4
0

4

25
251
2511
2512
2515
252
254

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Partitions and fixtures

4.
4.
4.
4.
5.
3.
4.

6
8
8
0
6
0
8

3. 9
-

3
3
4
3
4
2
3

6
9
2
3
2
7
8

3. 1
-

.7
.7
.4
. 5
1. 3
.2
.8

-

32
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
329

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products

3.
2.
2.
2.
5.
1.
3.
4.
4.
2.

6
6
7
4
2
2
8
2
4
9

3. 3
-

1 9
9
1 0
7
1 9
7
2. 5
2. 2
2. 9
1. 6

1.8
-

1.6
1.3
1. 5
1.2
3.0
. 3
1.2
1.9
1.4
1. 1

-

33
331
3312
332
3321
3325
333
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

3.
2.
3.
3.
3.
4.
1.
2.
2.
1.
1.
5.
6.

1
9
0
8
4
5
1
1
5
6
7
5
3

2. 1
—
-

1. 2
4
3
1. 6
1. 3
1. 9
8
l! 3
1. 0
5
I! 3
3. 3
3. 5

.9

1.6
2.2
2. 3
1.8
1. 6
2.4
.2
.6
1.4
1. 1
.2
1.9
2.2

34
341
3411
342
3423, 5
3429
343
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
348
349
3494
3496

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades.
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim ,
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

4.
5.
5.
3.
2.
3.
3.
4.
4.
4.
2.
5.
3.
4.
3.
4.
4.
5.
3.
5.
2.
3.
2.
4.

0
3
7
4
7
8
8
1
4
2
6
1
6
0
3
3
3
5
9
3
7
3
7
8

3. 4

2.
1.
1.
2.
2.
1.
3.
2.
3.
3.
1.
3.
2.
3.
2.
1.
1.
3.
3.
1.
2.
2.
3.

5
2
0
1
5
8
2
9
3
1
9
5
8
5
1
9
7
4
0
8
4
5
0
6

—

2.2

_

1.2
3.7
4.4
1. 1
.2
1.9
. 5
1. 1
1.0
1. 1
. 5
1. 5
.7
. 5
.9
1.9
2. 5
3. 5
.7
1.2
1.0
.7
. 5
1. 1

4 0

.7

—

1.0

1.6
.9
.7
1.4
1. 7
1.2
1.7
1.9
1.8
2. 7
1.2
2.2
1.8
2. 3
1.3
1. 1
.7
. 5
1. 7
2. 7
• 9
1. 5
1.2
2.4

1.
1.
2.
1.
1.
1.
2.
2.
2.
1.
3.
l!
1.
3.
1.
1.
1.
2.
1.
7.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.

8
-

-

See footnotes at end of table.




137

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
LABOR TURNOVER
D-2. Labor turnover rates, by industry—Continued
ACCMSion rates

Total

1972
SIC
Code

Separation rates

New hires

Total

Recalls

Layoffs

Quits

Industry

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980 p

1.8
_
_

2.9
—
—
—

2. 1
1.8
1.2
2.2
1. 7
1.6
1. 5
1.6
.1
1.0
2.6
2. 1
.9
2. 1
1.6
1. 7
1.9
1. 3
2. 1
3.2
1.6
2. 5
3.7
1. 5
.9

2.0
—
-

3. 3
2.3
1. 5
5.4
2.6
3.6
2. 5
2.3
1. 7
4. 0
7.4
6.7
9.9
3.4
2.4
2.4
7.2

-

1. 5
.5
.2
1.6
.5
1.2
2.0
1.7
1.2
3.6
3.7
3. 5
4. 3
1.5
1.9
1.9
4. 1

-

2.9
2.5
2.9
4.2
2. 5
2.2

2.9
-

2.3
2.3
2.2
2.6
2.2
1.7

2.5
-

2.4
_
_

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
•ndustrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Engine electrical equipment

3. 1
3.0
2.8
3.2
3.0
3.4
2.8
3.7
3.0
1.9
5.7
3.2
2.0
2.6
2.9
2.8
2. 3
1.6
2. 6
3.7
2. 1
2.9
4.3
2.9
3.4

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Oil field machinery
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Special industry machinery

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3694

Food products machinery
Textile machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Blowers and fans
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical

See footnotes at end of table.

138



Feb.
1980 p

2. 1
.7
.8
.6
2.3
2. 1
1.9
1.0
3.2
2.3
2. 0
2.6
2.2
2.0
2.0
2. 1
1.7
1.7
1.2
2.2
2. 3
2.3
1.6
1.2
3.0

2.9
1.8
1.9
1.8
3.9
3. 7
2.4
1. 5
3.7
2.9
2. 3
3.6
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.6
2. 5
2.0
2. 5
3.3
2.7
2.6
3.6
3.9
4.4

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3533
354
3541
3544
3545
355
3551
3552
356
3561
3562
3564
357
3573
358
3585

Jan.
1980

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980 p

0.5
.3
. 1
. 3
1.3
1.2
.3
.3
.2
.3
.1
.7
.1
.2
.3
.2
.4
. 1
.2
.8
.1
.1
1.6
2. 1
.8

0.4
_
_
_

.5
.5
.6
.4
.8
1.2
.5
1.2
1.0
.2
2.6

Feb.
1980 p

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980 p

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980 p

2.8
4.2
2.2
5.0
3.7
3.7
2.5
1.7
2.7
2.3
1. 7
3.0
2. 1
2.3
1.9
2.8
2.4
2. 1
2.7
2.4
1.8
1.7
3.6
4.0
4. 1

2.4

1.2
.5
.3
.5
1.3
1.3
1.0
.6
1.6
1.2
.9
1.4
1. 1
1.2
1.0
1.6
.9
1.0
.6
1. 3
1. 1
1. 1
1. 1
1.0
1.9

1.0

0.8
2.4
.4
3.2
1.4
1.4
.7
.7
.2
.4
.2
.6
.3
.5
.3
.3
.7
.5
1. 1
.6
.1
.1
1.3
1.6
1,2

0.6

.5
—
—
—
—

3.4
3.7
4.0
3.4
2.9
3.2
2.8
3.6
4.4
1. 7
4.9
3.3
2.6
3. 1
6.4
4.4
2.0
.9
2. 5
3. 7
2.3
2.3
4. 5
5. 1
5. 1

2.8
—
—
—
—
—

1.4
1.4
1. 3
1.5
1. 1

1.2
—
-

1.4
1. 3
.6
3.7
1.6
2.2
.1
.2
.1
.2
3. 5
2.9
5.4
1.4
.3
.2
2.9

-

4.8
6.9
8.3
4. 1
6.0
5. 5
1.6
1. 3
1.4
2.8
6.4
5.9
8.4
5.0
1. 5
1. 3
8.3

-

.3
.1
.3
1.3
.2
.1

.3
-

2. 5
1.9
2.4
3.4
3. 5
1.7

2.6

.6

-

Jan.
1980

.4
.2
. 7
.4
.2
.2
.2
.3
.2
.2
.4
1.0
1.9

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_

—

.9

1.2
1.2
.7
.3
2.3
1.4
.7
1.6
1. 3
1.2
1.0
.5
1.2
2.2
1. 1
1.4
2.8
1.0
.6
.9
.6
.5
1.5
.6
1.3
.9
.8
.4
1.7
2.0
1. 7
2.8
.5
.8

_
_
_
_
_
_
-

—
—
—
—

-

~

.6

2.2

-

1.4

1.3

1.3
1.6
1.2
1. 1

1.4
-

1.0
1.0
1.3
.7

.9

1.4
.6
.9
.6
.8
1.5
.9
.9
.7
3.8
1.8
.3
.1
.4
.6
.5
.1
.8
3. 1
3.5
3.0
5.3
6.8
1.7
4.4
3.2
.2
.1
.2
.3
3.5
3. 1
4.8
3.2
.2
.2
4.6
.4
.2
.3
.6
.2
. 1

_
_
_
_
_
...
.7
—
—

-

.4
—
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
LABOR TURNOVER
D-2. Labor turnover rates, by industry—Continued
Accession rates
1972
SIC
Code

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS—Cont'd
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

Feb.
19801

3. 3
3.8
4.7
3.2
5. 3
1.4
3. 1

Jan.
1980

Feb. p
1980

391
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
399

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
203
204
205
2051
2052
206
207
208
2082
2086
209

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats . .
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products . . .
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products

21
211

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
227
228
229

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

4. 5
3.9
3.6
4.9
4. 1
5. 3
4.9
5.8
5.4
3. 5
7.6
4. 4
2.8
5.6
4.8

3.9

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
234
2341
2342
236
238
239

APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS .
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products

6.8
4.6
6. 3
5.2
5. 1
6.7
7.6
5.6
5.8
5.0
7.9
7.8
6.4

26
261,2,6
262

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS .
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper .

2. 7
1. 4
1.4

Jan.
1980

Feb. p
1980

0. 1
.3
. 1
. 5

3.0
3.2
4.2
2. 5
3. 6
1.0
1.0

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Miscellaneous manufactures

39

Layoffs

I ndustry

Jan.
1980

383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

Separation rates
Recalls

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980*

2.6
3. 1
3.3
3. 0
3.7
1. 5
4.8

.9
.1
1.9

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980T

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980p

0. 1
. 3
. 1
. 4
.8
. 1
2.6

1.8
1.8
2.2
1. 6
1.8

.9
1. 3

5.8
3. 5
3.8
10.5
15.8
5.9
3. 3
5. 1
4.2

4.3

3. 1
2.4
2. 4
3.9
3. 7
4. 1
2.8
3.4
2.9

2. 5

2.4
.9
1. 1
6.2
11.7
1.2
. 3
1.6
1.2

1.7

6. 1
9. 0
4. 3
6.6
8. 3
5.2
3. 5
7. 9
4.9

4.6

2. 0
1.7
2. 0
2. 7
3. 7
1.8
1.9
2. 1
1. 7

1. 6

3. 1
6. 5
1. 5
2. 7
3. 5
2. 0
. 7
4. 9
2. 3

2. 0

4.8
6.5
3.8
5.0
11.2
2.9
9.7
3.2
2.0
1. 7
3.0
5.2
3. 1
3.8
4.9
3. 5
4. 4

4, 3

2.9
4. 6
2.2
1.8
9.7
2. 0
4.2
2. 3
1.4
1.4
1. 3
2.0
2.6
2.2
1.0
2.9
2.8

2. 5

1.6
1. 3
1.0
2.8
.8
. 5
5.4
.7
. 5
.2
1.5
3.0
. 4
1. 3
3. 7
.3
1.4

1. 5

5.9
6.7
4.8
5. 1
10. 1
3.6
10.2
4. 1
2.8
2. 7
3.0
7.4
4. 9
5.2
6. 3
4. 5
8.2

5.2

2. 4
3. 7
1. 5
1.4
8. 1
1.6
2.9
1.6
1. 3
1. 3
1. 3
1.9
2.2
1.9
. 5
2. 6
3.2

2. 0

2. 6
2. 1
2. 4
2. 9
1. 0
1.2
6.0
1.8
.8
. 7
1. 3
4. 5
1. 9
2. 2
4. 3
. 9
4. 1

2.4

NONDURABLE GOODS

..

3. 5
1. 1

1.4
. 4

1.7
.2

4.0
. 9

. 7
. 1
.2
1.4
.9
1. 0
. 3
1.2
.8
. 4
1.8
.8
. 5
.6
2.2

4. 4
3. 5
3. 7
4.8
4.8
5.0
4. 3
4. 5
6.2
3. 5
5. 4
3. 6
4. 3
5. 3
4.2

4. 0

5.8
4. 1
5.4
4.9
4. 6
5.6
5.9
5. 1
5. 1
5.2
5. 7
8. 1
6.4

5. 1

2.9
1.7
3.8
3.4
3. 7
4.6
2.4
2.9
3.2
1.9
3. 3
2.9
2.6

2.0
1. 6
1. 0
.9
.3
.4
2.6
1. 5
1. 3
2. 0
1. 4
4. 1
2.8

2.7
1. 9
1.8

2.5

1.0
. 6
. 5

.9
.7
. 7

3. 5
3.0
3. 0
3.2
3.0
4.2
4.6
4. 4
4.4
3.0
5.7
3. 1
2. 1
4.6
2.4

3.0

5.6

4.0
2.6
4.7
3.9
4. 5
5.7
3. 6
3.7
3.8
3.0
5. 1
3. 5
3.6

3.7

2.6
1.6
1.4
1.0
. 5
.8
3.8
1.8
1. 7
2.0
2.6
4. 1
2. 5

2. 1

1. 5
. 6
.6

1.4

1.0
. 5
.6

1.7

2. 3
. 1

. 9
. 1
2. 5
2.2
2.2
2. 7
1.9
2. 6
3.2
3. 5
2.4
2. 6
2.4
2.2
1.9
3. 7
1.8

2. 3
. 1
. 4
1. 3
2.2
1- 4
.2
. 4
2. 7
. 4
.8
. 5
1.4
. 3
1.2

1. 0

See footnotes at end of table.




139

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
LABOR TURNOVER
D-2. Labor turnover rates, by industry—Continued
AooMiion rate*
1972
SIC
Code

Layoff!

Quits
Industry

Jan.
1980

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Continued
263
264
265
2651
2653

Separation ratal

Feb.
1980p

1.4
3.8
3.3
3.4
2.5

Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980p

0. 7
2.2
2.0
2. 1
1.7

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980p

0.4
1.4
1.2
1.2
.7

Jan.
1980

Feb. p
1980

1. 5
3.2
3.5
3.8
2.7

Jan.
1980

Feb. p
1980

0.4
1.4
1.2
1. 1
1. 1

Jan.
1980

Feb. p
1980

0. 5
.9

1.3
1.9
.8

27
271
272
273
274
275
2751
2752
278

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Blankbooks and bookbinding

3.4
3.3
2. 7
4.0
4.6
3.2
3.2
3.2
4.2

3.0

2.8
3.0
2.4
3. 1
4. 1
2.4
2.3
2. 5
3. 1

2.5

.5
.1
.2
.9
.5
.7
.8
.6
1.0

0.4

3.3
3. 3
2.7
3.2
2.7
3.4
3.6
3.4
4.5

3.0

1.9
2.4
1.8
1.7
1.8
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.9

1.8

.8
.2
.1
.8
.3
1.2
1.4
1.2
l.fr

0.6

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2844
285
286
287
289

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

1.6
1. 4
1.4
1. 1
1. 7
.5
1.6
1. 7
2. 1
1.3
2.6
2. 3
1. 1
3. 1
2.2

1.6

1.2

1.2

.3
.2
.2
.2
.3
.1
.1
. i
.5
.3
.9
.6
.1
.6
.5

.3

1.6
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.5
.8
1. 5
1.6
2.3
2.0
2. 5
2.4
1. 1
2.2
2. 3

1. 5

.7
.5
.5
.5
.7
.3
.7
.7
1.0
.6
1.2
.9
.5
1.0
1.0

.6

.3
.2
.2
.2
.1
.1
.2
.2
.6
.8
.6
.8
.1
.6
.6

.4

29
291
295

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

1.9
1.4
4.4

1.7

1.5
1.2
3.4

1.3

.2
.1
.8

. 3

2*2
1.4
6. 6

1.9

.7
.4
2.0

.7

.6
.1
3. 5

. 3

30
301
302
303,4

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS . .
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
,
Miscellaneous plastics products

4.8
1.6
11. 3

3.7

3. 1
.5

2.4

1.0

5.4
3.6
10.7

4.5

2. 1
.4
4.4

1.8

2. 1
1.9
4.6

1.6

6.9

1. 5
.7
3.8

1.5
1. 5
4. 0

.6
1.6
1.5

306
307
31
311
314
3143
3144

,

,

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic

,

1. 1
1. 1
.7
1. 3
.2
1.2
1.2
1. 4
.9
1. 5
1. 6
.9
2.5
1.6

2.4
3. 5
5. 7

4.6

4.4
2.2
5.0
4. 1
5.2

4.0

4.9

4.2

3.8

.9

.9

3.2
3.3
1.2

2.2

1.5
.1
.9

1. 5

.8
.4
.1

. 5

2. 1

2. 5

. 7

.3

. 5

1. 5

2. 5

6.9
5.9
6.7
4.9
6.5

6.0

5.6

2.3
3.6
1.4
.5

1.3
1.1
2. 7

4. 3
5.9

1.6

.9

2.7
2. 1
2.0

6. 1

3. 3
1.8
3.7
3. 5
3.6

3.0

5.0

4.8

2.9

3. 5
4.9
1.0

2.3

1. 1
.1
.4

3. 1

.6

.2

7. 1
5.8
6. 3
6.0
5.9

2.7
3. 3
1.4
1. 6
.9

2. 1

2.9

.9

.9

.9

1.4
2.2

. 5

NONMANUFACTURING:
MINING
METAL MINING

10
101
102

Iron ores

•

Copper ores
BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE MINING

.1
.

8.4

13
131.2

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION

14
142
144

Crude petroleum, natural gas, and
natural gas liquids
Oil and gas field services
NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel

1

Less than 0.05.

140



7.5

2. 7
12.4
3.4
3.4
4.7

COMMUNICATION:
Telephone communication

1.3
1. 1

.8

6.9

6.3

1.9
1.8
1.6

1.0

.4
1.3

1.9
10.5
2.5

.9

1.5

1.2
1.4
2.5

.6
p-preliminary.

.9

6. 5

6.6

4.8

1.9
9.8

1.0
7. 5

4.9
5. 1
7.6

1. 3
1. 5
1.3

.6

. 3

.4

4.9

.2
.1
.3

L4

2.6
2.9
5.2

.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED LABOR TURNOVER
D-3. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1970 to date, seasonally adjusted
[Per 100 employees]
Year

Jan.

Apr.

Feb.

July

Aug.

Total accessions

4. 4
3.7

4.0
3. 7

4. 0
3.8

4. 1
3.8

4. 1
3.8

4. 1
3.8

5.2
4.6
3. 1
4. 1

5. 1
4.5
3.2
4.2

4.9
4.6
3.7
4.0

4.8
4. 5
3.6
4.0

4. 7
4. 3
3.8
3.8

3. 9

4. 0
4.0

4. 1
3.9

4.0
4.0

4. 0
4.0

2.9
2.4
3.2
4. 1
3.6
1.5
2.9
2.9
3.0
3. 1

2.8
2.5
3.2
4.0
3.5
1.7
2.8
2.9
3. 1
3. 0

2.7
2. 5
3.3
4.0
3. 5
1.8
2.7
3. 0
3.0
3.0

2.8
2. 5
3.2
3.8
3. 3

5. 2
4. 1
4. 1
4. 7
5. 0
5. 1
3. 6
4. 1
3. 9
0
?4. 2

4.9
4.0
4.2
4.8
4.9
4.6
3.8
3.7
3.8
3.9

5.2
4.1
4.2
4.6
4.7
4.6
3.9
3.7
4.0
3.9

5. 0
4.2
4.2
4.6
4. 6
4.6
3.8
3.8
4.0
4.0

4.8
4. 1
4.5
4. 7
4.5
4.3
3.9
3.7
4.0
4. 1

2. 5

2. 3

2. 1

1.7

1.7
2.2
2.9
2.7
1.2
1.8

2.3
1.7
2.2
2.8

2.2
1.8
2.2
2.8

1970.
1971.
1972.
1973.
1974.
1975.
1976.
1977.
1978.
1979.
1980.

4. 4
3.8
4. 3
5. 0
4. 7
3. 0
4.2
4. 0
4. 1
4. 3
4. 1

1970.
1971.
1972.
1973.
1974.
1975.
1976.
1977.
1978.
1979.
1980.

3. 3
2.4
3. 0
4. 0
3.8
1.6
2.6
2.7
3.0
3. 3
2,9

2.4
3. 1
4.2
3.7
1. 6
2.7
2.8
2.9
_3. 3
p
2.8

1970
1971
1972 ..
1973
1974
1975...
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980...

5.0
4. 3
4.2
4.6
5. 1
5.2
3.6
3.9
3.7
4. 1
4. 2

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974.. .
1975
1976
1977...
1978
1979
1980

2.4
1.8
2. 1
2.8
2. 7
1.4
1.6
1.8
1. 9
2. 3
2. 0

1970
1971.. .
1972
1973
1974 . .
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980

1. 5
1. 7
1.2
. 9
1.4
2. 9
1.2
1. 3
.9
.9
1. 3

41

4. 6
4.3
4. 1
3.9

3.9
4. 0
4. 5
4. 6
4. 1
4. 0
3.8

3.9
4. 0
4. 5
4.8
4. 0
3.9
3.8

3.8
3.9
4.6
4.8
3.8
3.8
3. 7

3. 7
4.0
4. 7
5. 0
3. 3
3. 8
3.8

4.0
3.9

3. 9
4.0
3. 7

3. 9
4. 1
3.8

4. 3
4. 1

4. 4
3.9

2. 7
2. 6
3. 3
3. 7
3. 1
2. 3
2.6
2.8
3.0
2.7

2.6
2.6
3.4
3.8
3.0
2.4
2. 5
2.8
3. 1
2.8

2. 5
2. 5
3.6
3.9
2. 7
2. 3
2.4
2.9
3. 3

2.4
2. 7
3. 7
4. 1

2.9

2. 3
2.4
2.5
2.9
3.4
3. 0

4. 8
4. 6
4. 2
4. 6
4. 8
3. 9
3. 9
3. 8
3. 9
4. 3

4.8
4. 3
4. 3
4. 5
4.4
3.9
3.9
3.9
3. 7
3.9

5. 0
4. 1
4. 1
4.7
4.8
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.9
3.9

4. 7
4. 1
4. 3
4. 8
5. 2
3. 8
3. 7
3. 8
4. 0
4. 1

'4.4
4. 1
4.4
4.8
4.9

2.0
1.8
2.3
2.7
1.4
1.7
1.9

1.9
1.8
2.3
2.9
2.0
1. 5
1. 6

1.8
1.9
2. 5
2.9
1.8
1.6
1.6
1. 9
2. 0

1.9
1.9
2.6
2.7
1.7
1.5
1.7
2. 0
2. 2
1. 9

2.0
1.4

1. 7
1.3

3.8
4.2
4.9
4. 7

3. 1
3.8
3.9
4. 3
4. 5
4. 0

Naw hires
3.2

1.9
2.7
2.8
3.0
3. 0

2.8
2.6
3.2
3.7
3. 3
2. 3
2. 7
2.8
3.0
2.8

2.4
2.9
4. 0
3.8
1.9

2. 5
2.6
3.2
3. 5
3. 0

Total separations

4. 5
4. 2
4. 5
4. 9
4. 5
4. 0
4. 0
4. 0
3. 8
4. 0

3. 5
3.7
3.9
4. 0
4. 0

Quits

2. 1
2.9
2.8

1. 3
1.7
1.8

2. 0

2. 6
1.2

1.8
1.8

1. 8
2. 0
2. 1

2. 1
2. 1

1.8

1.9

1. 5
1. 1
.9

1. 5

1.8
2.2
2.8
2.6
1.3
1.7
1.9

2. 1
2.0

2. 1
2. 7
2. 5

2.0
1.8
2.2
2.7
2.4

1.4
1.7
1.8

1.4

1. 5

1. 8

1.7
1.8

2. 1
2. 0

2. 0

1.8
2.2

2. 5

1.8
1.9

2. 2

1.9

1.9
2.2
2.0

1.9

1.9

2.2

2. 0
1. 1
1. 0

1. 7

1. 5

1.0

1.0
.8
1.8

2. 1
1.9*

2. 1

2.2

Layoffs

1. 7
1. 5
1.2
.8

1. 3
3. 0
1. 0
1. 5
1.0

1.2

2. 7
1.2

1. 1
1. 0
.9

1.2
.8

1. 1
2. 6
1. 3
1. 1
1. 0
1. 1

1.9
1.6
1.2

1.9

.9
1. 1
2. 5
1. 3
1. 1

.9
1. 1

1.0

1. 0

1. 5
1.4
2.2

1. 3
1. 1
1. 0
1. 1

1. 5
1. 5
1.4
1.2

1. 1
1. 7
1.4

1. 3
.8
1.2

1.4

.9
1. 3

1. 6
1. 3

1.7
1.4

1. 5

1.2

1. 1

1. 0
1. 5

.8
1.2

1. 1
.9
1. 1

1.4

.9
1. 0
2.5

1. 5
1. 3
1. 0
.9
1. 3

. 9

1. 1
2. 5
1. 3
1.2
1. 0
• 9
1. 2

preliminary.




141

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA LABOR TURNOVER
D-4. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas
[ Per 100 employees ]
Accession rates
New hires

Total

Dec.
1979

Jan.
Dec.
1980 p 1979

Jan.
1980 p

Separation rates
Quits

Total

Recalls

Dec.
Dec. Jan.
P
1979
1979 1980

Dec.
Jan.
1980 p 1979

ALABAMA:
Birmingham
Mobile

1.4

2. 5

4. 7

8.9

0. 6
1. 4

1. 1
1. 3

0. 5
3. 2

7. 6

2. 2
5. 9

3. 1
6.8

ALASKA

2. 7

(*)

.8

(*)

1. 7

(*)

6. 1

(*)

ARIZONA
Phoenix

3.2
3. 3

4. 3

2.8

3.8

2.8

3.9

.3
.4

.4
.4

3.4
3. 3

3.8
3. 6

1.8

4.4

ARKANSAS
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

3. 7
2. 6
3. 9
2. 3

4.8

2. 5

3.4

2. 0
2. 1

2. 1
2. 3
2.9

1. 1
1. 6
.6
.6

6. 3
2. 1

5.
4.
4.
4.

2. 2

1.4

1. 0
.7

5. 1

4. 1
3. 1
3. 7

COLORADO
Denver—Boulder

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

1.8

2.8

1. 4

2. 0

1. 7

3. 5

1.4

2.4

DELAWARE
Wilmington

1. 2
1. 0

6.7
6. 7

.6
.4

.9
.5

FLORIDA
Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood
Jacksonville
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa—St Petersburg
West Palm Beach—Boca Raton

3. 6
3.9
2.8
2. 7

3. 0
3. 5

4. 9
6. 3
2. 7

.6
4. 6
2.8

5.8
7. 0
4. 6
6. 0
4. 3
1. 1
5.4
3. 3

GEORGIA
Atlanta 2

1.8
1. 7

HAWAII 3
4

.

CONNECTICUT
Hartford

....

1. 6
2.4
3.2

5.4

1.8

.2
(*)
(*)

0.9

(*)
(*)

4.2

0
0
1
6

0. 6
1. 1
.9

Layoffs

Dec. Jan.
Jan.
P
1980P 1979 1980
0. 7

. 9
(*)

1. 1
4. 4

5. 3

5. 0

(*)

1.4

2. 1
2. 1

.5
.4

. 6
. 3

1.4
1.8

2. 9
2. 0
2. 3

1. 3
. 6

1. 1

2.4

2. 2
2. 3
3. 4
. 1

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

1.8

1. 3
1. 3

.3
. 1

.6
.9

2. 1
1. 7

2. 6
2. 6

. 9
. 9

1. 2
1. 3

. 6

.4

.7
.5

.3
.3

5. 6
6. 0

6.4
6.4

2. 0
2. 0

.5
.3

.7
.5

5. 3
5. 5

.7
.9

4. 0
3.9
5. 2
3. 1
2. 6
1. 0
5. 0
3. 0

4.8
6. 3
6. 2
5. 1
4. 3
2. 5
4.8
3. 7

2. 2
2. 7

.2

.7
.5
1.9
.6
.2
. 1
.8
.2

2. 9
4. 1
2. 1
3. 5
2. 6
1. 0
3. 0
2. 1

1. 0
.5
2. 9
.4
.2
.2
1. 6
.2

.
.
1.
.
.

5
4
1
2
5

1.
2.
1.
.
2.
2.

6
1
8
7
6
1

.8
.8
3.2

.5

2. 6

4. 0
.9
4. 5
3. 1

1. 3
1. 3

2.9
1.9

. 3

. 6

2.4

.3

.7

1.9

3. 9
3. 5

1. 3

2.8

.9

2. 0
1. 1

.5
.5

. 9
1. 6

1.9

2. 7

1.4

1.9

.3

.3

1. 7

2. 5

.7

1. 3

.5

.5

2. 5

3. 5

1.8

2. 1

1. 5

1. 2

4. 8

4. 3

1. 1

1. 5

3. 1

2. 1

1.9
1. 1
1. 3
1. 0

3. 1
3. 6
2. 6
3. 4
2. 3

1.4

2. 3
1. 6
.6
1. 3
1. 7

.
.
.
.
.

.6
1. 6
1. 6
2. 0
.3

2. 5
1. 9
1. 8
4. 4
2. 6

3. 5
2. 2
3. 7
2. 1
3. 2

1. 0
.4

1. 6

.8

.8

n. 2

1. 0
1.8
.4

.8

1.2

.8
1. 5
3. 7
.5

.4
.9
1. 3
1. 1

.6
.7

1. 0
1. 3

.8

1. 4
.6

3.4

3.8

2. 5

2.6

2. 3
.9

2. 3
.8

(*)

.7

(*)

(*)

.8

4.2
2. 0
2.4

(*)

(*)

.2

(*)

(•)

1.2
.7
1. 0

2. 9
1. 1
.6

(*)
(*)
(*)

2.6
4. 3
2. 0

4.2
2. 6

2. 1
3. 0

.4

4.8

1.8

3. 3
1. 9
4. 1

2.4

3.8

1.8
1. 6

2. 2
2. 0

1. 3
1. 0
.6

2. 0
1.4

LOUISIANA:
New Orleans

2.2

4. 6

MAINE
Portland

3. 1
2. 0

MARYLAND
Baltimore

1. 7

MASSACHUSETTS
Boston

IDAHO

3.8

ILLINOIS:
Chiracio SMSA
Decatur
Peccia
Rockford

....

1.4

5

2. 0
1.9

INDIANA

2. 1
1. 7
1. 9

IOWA

KANSAS
Wichita
KENTUCKY
Lexington Fayette
Louisville

See footnotes at end of table.

142



.

...

3.8

2.9

2.4
(*)
(*)

.5
3. 6

. 6
. 5

.5
1.2

n. 9

3
3
2
4
1

.8

(*)

(*)
(*)

.5
.7
.9
.6
.7

.8

. 8
(*)
(*)

(*)

.8

.7
.5
.8

. 1

.7
.7
.5

. 1

.8
1. 4
. 1

.9

.9
.4
.5

1. 3
.2
.2

2. 5
3. 1
1. 6

4. 6
2. 4
2. 5

.7
.9
.4

1. 3
1. 0
.6

1. 3
1. 4
.4

2. 3
.7
.7

1. 9

3. 5

.2

.6

3. 6

4. 9

2. 0

2. 7

.7

1. 0

4. 5
4. 3

2. 3
1. 7

3. 3
3. 5

.6
.1

.9
.3

4. 1

5. 0
4. 0

1. 5
1. 7

2. 0
2. 0

1. 7

2.8

. 6

2. 1
1. 3

2. 7
2. 5

1. 0
.9

1.4
1.2

.6
.5

1. 1
1. 1

3.7
3.8

2. 5

1. 5

2. 8

.6
.4

1. 0

1.4

2.8

1.4

2.8
2. 0

(*)
(*)

2. 2
1. 5

(*)
(*)

.4
.3

(*)
(*)

3.2
3.4

(*)
(*)'

1. 2
1. 0

(*)
(*)

1. 4
1.8

(*)
(*)

1.2

3. 0
3.2
2.4

4. 3
3. 4
3. 7

1. 6
.9

3.2

1.4

.7

2.4
1. 2
2. 6

1. 6

.7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA LABOR TURNOVER
D-4. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas—Continued
[ Per 100 employees ]

State and area

MINNESOTA

MISSISSIPPI:

.

St Louis

Separation rates
Quits

Total

Recalls

t>ec. Jan. p Dec. Jan. p Dec.
J979 1980
1979
1979 1980

Jan.
Dec.
1980 p 1979

Jan.
1980 P

Dec.
1979

Layoffs

Jan.
Dec.
1980 p 1979

Jan.
1980 P

4
9
9
0
7

2. 9
1. 7
2. 5
1. 7
.9

0.4
.2
.1
.7
.1

0. 6
.4
.1
.8
(!)

0. 7
.5
.5
1. 1
.5

1.9
1. 0
.9
4
.7

3. 5
2.4
5. 9
4. 1
.9

5.
4.
6.
3.
4.

2
3
7
7
9

0.4
.3
.1
.7
.1

0. 6
.5
. 2
.8
.2

2. 6
1.8
5. 3
2. 9
.4

3. 7
3.2
5.4
2. 1
4. 0

2.2
2. 0

3. 5
3. 5

1. 7
1. 6

2. 3
2. 3

.4
.3

1. 0
1. 1

4. 0
3. 1

3.4
2.8

1. 5
1. 5

1.8
1.8

2. 0
1.2

1. 0
.4

1.7

3.8

1.4

3. 1

.2

.5

2.8

4. 5

1. 5

2. 1

.8

1. 5

1.9
2. 1
1.3

3. 3
3.0
2.3

1.2
1. 5
.8

2.0
2.2
1. 3

.5
.5
.4

1. 1
.7
.8

2. 7
2. 5
2. 3

4. 0
3.4
3. 7

1. 0
1. 1
.6

1.4
1.4

.9

1. 1
.8
1.2

1.9
1. 1
2. 1

1.9

(•)

.8

(*)

.3

(•)

2.8

(*)

.8

(*)

1. 5

(*)

2.8

.2

2.8

3. 3

1.7

2.0

.6

(*)

1.
.
.
2.
.

MISSOURI

Accession rates
New hires

Total

.4

NEBRASKA

2. 1

3. 3

1.8

NEVADA

4. 0

(*)

3.8

(*)

(*)

5. 5

(*)

3.2

(*)

1. 1

3.8

(*)

2. 7

(*)

1. 0

(*)

5.4

(*)

2. 0

(*)

2.8

(*)

2.
2.
2.
2.
1.
2.
2.

1
7
0
1
4
0
0

2.9
5. 1
3.4
3. 1
4.6
5. 5
3, 9

1. 3
2.0
1. 0
1.4
1. 1
1. 7
1.2

2. 0
3.2
2. 1
2.2
2.2
3.4
2. 1

.5
.6
.9
.2
.2
.2
.6

.8
1.8
1.2
.5
2. 3
1.9
1.4

3.2
4.2
3.8
2. 5
3. 5
4. 7
2.8

2.6
5.2
5. 3
4. 3
2. 7
3. 9
4. 1

.7
1. 5
.8
• 8
.8
1.2
.7

.9
1. 9
1. 3
1. 3
1.2
1. 5
1. 0

1.8
2. 0
2. 6
1. 0
2. 1
2. 8
1. 6

.7
2. 1
3. 2
1.8
.8
1. 5
2.2

4. 1
3. 3
1. 9
5. 3
2. 3
1.7
4.8
4.9
5. 0
5. 5
2. 1
3. 0
2.6
2.2

1.2
.8
.9
.5
.7
.8
1.9
1. 6
1. 5
1. 6
.9
.8
.9
1. 4

2. 0
1. 3
1. 5
.9
1.2
1. 1
3.9
2.9
2. 6
2.7
1. 3
1.2
1.8
1. 7

.8
.8
1.8
.5
.1
.1
.4
.9
1. 1
1.2
.3
.5
.3
.3

1.8
1.4
.2
4.2
.7
.3
.8
1.9
2. 2
2.6
.6
1.4
.7
.3

4. 1
3. 0
1. 5
3. 0
2. 1
1. 5
3.4
5.6
6. 1
6.8
2.3
2.8
2. 1
2. 3

4. 4
3. 7
2. 1
6.6
2.4
2.4
4.8
5. 1
5. 2
5.8
2.8
2.9
2. 7
2. 5

.8
.5
.8
.3
.4
.4
1. 5
1. 1
1. 0
1. 0
.5

Westchester C o u n t v *®

2.2
2. 1
2.8
1.2
1.2
1. 1
2.4
2.6
2. 7
2.8
1.4
1. 5
1.4
1.8

.7
.8

1.2
,6
.9
.6
.6
.8
2. 5
1. 6
1.4
1. 5
.9
.9
1. 0
.9

2. 7
1. 5
.2
2. 2
.8
.7
1. 2
3. 6
4. 3
4.8
1. 3
1.4
.9
1. 0

2.4
1.9
.4
5. 3
.9
1. 0
1. 3
2.6
2. 9
3. 3
1. 3
1. 1
.8
.9

Rraanchnrn Winctnn ^alflm Hioh Point

2. 1
2.9
1.9

4. 3
6.0
3.8

1.6
2. 5
1. 5

3. 5
5.2
3. 3

.3
.3
.1

.5
.5
.3

2.6
3. 3
2.2

4.2
5.8
4. 0

1. 5
2. 2
1. 3

2. 6
4. 1
2.3

.5
.2
.3

.7
.5
.7

3. 5
2.7

(*)
(*)

2.8
2.2

(*)
(*)

(•)
.2

(*)
(*)

8. 3
8. 1

(*)
(*)

2.7
2. 1

(*)

1.4
.9
2. 0
1. 6
1. 5
1. 2
.8
1. 4
1.9

2. 5
1. 6
2. 5
2.2
2. 7
2.9
1.4
1.9
1.9

.7
.4
.8
.8
1. 0
.7
.6
.4
.3

1. 0
.8
.9
1.2
1. 3
1.4
1. 0
.8
.6

(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)

(*)

2. 5
1. 7
2. 1
1. 7
2. 5
1.6
2. 1
3.2
3. 0

3. 3
2.4
2.9
4. 0
3. 1
2. 3
3. 3
2,8
4. 5

3.2
3.2
3. 3

5. 5
4.8
5. 5

2.8
2.6
3. 0

4.9
4.2
5.2

.4
.5
.3

3.9
3.8
4. 0

5. 1
4.8
5.4

2. 3
1.6

3. 3
2.9
4.2

1. 6
1. 1

2. 1
1. 5

.5
.3

4. 4
3. 6

2. 1

2. 7

.6

3.6

• •

NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY:
Camden
Harkansack

.•

Pat A rcnr\m— Ol t f t / \ n «•» Pacca if*

NEW YORK

.

. . .

Buffalo

Nassau Suffolk ^
NAUU York ^M^A 9
NIPW York f*itv

NORTH DAKOTA

Akron

OREGON ^
Eugene-Springfield
Portland

5

....

2. 9

I*)
(*)
(*)
I*)
(*)

I*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
.4
. 6.
.2
1. 0
.8
1.4

.6

.7

5.2
5. 6

(*)

.7
.6
.5
.8
.9
.8
.7
.5
.4

1. 5
.9
.9
.6
1. 3
.7
1. 0
2. 3
2.2

1. 9
1.4
1. 7
2. 3
1.2
.8
1. 7
1. 3
3.2

2. 7
2. 6
2. 6

3.4
3.0
3. 1

.5
.6
.4

.7
.6

3. 7
4. 0

1. 3
.9

1.4
1. 0

2. 5
2. 0

1. 7
1.9

3.6

1.4

1. 6

1. 4

1. 3

.4
.4
.4 •
.4
.6
.5
.4
.3
.2

(•)

(•)

.6

See footnotes at end of table.




143

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA LABOR TURNOVER
D-4. Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas—Continued
[ Per 100 employees ]
Accession rates
Total

Separation rates

New hires

Dec. Jan.
Dec. Jan.
Jan.
Dec. Jan. P Dec.
P
1980 P 1979 1980 P 1979 1980
1979 1980 1979
1. 5 0. 9
3. 2 0 . 9
3. 1
0. 6
3.4
1.4
1.9
.4
2. 3
1. 4
.8
1.4
.5
1. 1
3. 1
2. 7
.6
.6
2. 1
1. 3
1.8
.7
2.8
.9
1.9
2. 3
1. 4
.6
1. 0
2. 6
.5
.4
.8
2.9
2. 5
2. 1
1.2
3. 3
. 5 3. 5
.5
1. 1
3. 0
2. 1
1. 5
.5
.3
.4
4. 2
1. 7 1. 9
1. 0
1. 2
.2
2. 2
2. 6
1.8
1. 5
. 5 2. 5
2.9
2. 7
.5
5. 6
5. 2
3. 1
3. 8
.9
1. 9 1. 6
1. 7
3. 3
.7
1. 4 2. 7
.6
1.0
3. 3
1.8
1. 3
2. 1
.5
.6
2.8
3. 1
.3
1. 7 4. 0
2. 1
2. 5
1. 2
3.2
1. 5
.7
2.4
.8
.8
.5
4.2
2. 1
1. 7 1. 3
3. 4
2. 3 4. 5
.8
.7
2. 3
5. 7
1. 5
.5
5. 5
1. 4
3. 5
3. 7
1. 1
.
6
1. 4
.7
.4
.3
1. 7
.7
1. 3
2. 1
2. 3
3. 1
1. 6
.7
3. 0
1. 1
.4
4. 7

Dec.
1979

York

TENNESSEE:
Memphis
TEXAS:
Dallas Fort Worth

VERMONT

.5
.5

2. 0

3. 9

1.7

3.2

WYOMING

0. 9
.8
1. 1
.7
1. 4
.4
1. 4
1. 1
1. 0
.4
1. 3
1.2
.9
.4
1. 8

2. 0
2. 1
.9
1. 5
1. 7
1. 2
.8
4. 5
1. 5
3. 3
1. 1
3. 6
4. 6
.7
1. 3

1. 7
1. 0
.6
1. 1
.9
3. 0
.6
2. 2
1. 3
1. 8
1. 4
2. 7
2. 0
1. 0
2. 4
2.9
2. 8

5. 0
4.9

6. 1
5.9

1. 5
1. 6

2.2
2. 1

2. 7
2. 7

3. 7
4. 0
3. 4
3.8

1. 4
1. 3
1. 3
1. 7

2.
2.
2.
2.

.
.
1.
.

3. 6
3. 6

.
.
.
.

1
1
1
1

. 4

. 2
.1

2. 7
2. 3
2.8
2. 9

2. 7
2.2

2. 1
2.0

.3
.8

.3
-9

3. 3
1.9

3. 5
3.8

1. 7
1. 1

2.8

1. 0

1. 6

.5

1.0

4.2

2.8

3.2
2. 5
3.0

5.2
4. 5
5.0

2.8 .
2. 4
2.8

4.6
4.2
4. 7

.2
.1
.1

.4
.2

3.9
2.9
3.0

3.4
3. 2

5. 3
5.4

3.0
3. 1

4. 5
4.9

.2
.1

.3

2. 5
1. 3
2. 3

4.8
1. 7
4.0

1.7
1. 1
1.2

2.4
1. 3
2.9

1. 1

1. 9
1. 5

2. 9
1. 5

1. 1
1. 1

1.8
1. 1

3. 1

1. 2

1.8

3. 0
3.2

4. 4

8. 8

Jan. D
l9Rn

6
4
0
2

.6
.6
.6
. 2

1. 6
1.4

1. 0
.5

1. 2
1.8

1. 0

1.0

2. 6

1. 1

4. 9
3. 7
4. 7

2. 3
2. 0
2. 3

3. 3
2. 5
3. 5

.8
. 2
.2

.6
. 2
. 2

4. 1
3. 9

4. 9
4.9

2. 6
2. 6

2.8
3. 0

.6
.7

.7
.5

2.2
.1
1. 1

3. 9
2. 1
2.2

3. 2
2. 3
2.8

1.0
.6
.6

1. 5
.8
1. 4

2. 4
1. 1
.8

1. 1
, 9
.8

.5
.1

.8

3. 3
1. 2

2. 6
1.4

.9
.5

1. 2
.6

1. 8
.1

.6
. 2

2. 2

.4

.8

3. 3

3. 3

1. 0

1. 2

1.8

1. 4

1. 1
1. 1

1. 5
1. 5

.4

1.0
.9

2.8
2.9

4. 0
4. 3

.6
.6

1. 1
1. 0

1. 6
1. 5

1.8
1.8

4. 1

6. 5

1. 5

6.8

16. 6

2. 7

4. 9

2. 5

10. 3

2. 1
2.4

4. 0
3. 9

1. 9
2.2

3.2
3.0

2. 5
2.8

1. 7

WASHINGTON:

WISCONSIN

1- 9

.6

O

CO

4

3.2
3.0

CO

Houston

2.0
2. 0

Dec.
1979

CO

CQIJTU DAKOTA

5. 4
5.0

Jan.
I9ftnp

CO

SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston-North Charleston

2. 7
2. 7

OO

Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton * 2

. LO

Pittsburgh

00

Philadelphia SMSA

00

PENNSYLVANIA

Layoffs

Quits

Total

Recalls

1
3
1
5

Less than 0.05.

10

Excludes agricultural chemicals, and miscellaneous manufacturing.

1!

Excludes new-hire rate for transportation equipment.

Excludes canned fruits, vegetables, preserves, jams, and jellies.

12

Subarea of Northeast Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Excludes canning and preserving, and sugar.

13

Subarea of New York Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Excludes canning and preserving, printing and publishing.

Excludes canning and preserving.

p=preliminary.

Excludes canning and preserving, and newspapers.

*

Not available.

Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Subarea of Rochester Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Area included in New York and Nassau-Suffolk combined SMSA's.

144



SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover.

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
E-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Itaemploymen
Labor force
Number

labor force

State and area
FEB.
1979

ALABAMA . . . .
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa . . . .

....

..

..

.

.

1*583.4
367.7
131.4
174.4
115.1
51.5

JAN,
1980

1*608,1
375.9
135.1
177,4
118.4
52.0

FEB.
1980P

1*615.6
377.2
135.8
177.7
118.7
52.1

JAN.

FEB.

FEB.
1979

JAN,
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

112.8
22.9
9.0
12.7
6.7
3.6

126.2
25.9
10.5
13.3
7.3
3.9

125.4
25.7
11.2
12.8
7.2
3.4

7.1
6.2
6.9
7.3
5.8
6.9

7.9
6.9
7.8
7.5
6.2
7.5

7.8
6.8
8.2
7.2
6.1
6.5

1980

171.5

168.2

175.7

19.5

17.0

20.1

11,3

10.1

11.4

1*044.0
637.5
187.8

1*091.4
669.8
196.3

1*091.1
667.8
197.9

54.4
28.2
8.5

63.7
34.7
9.5

61.1
32.8
9.3

5.2
4.4
4.5

5.8
5.2
4.9

5.6
4.9
4.7

913.9
72.4
81.6
176.6
36.6

906.6
73.6
79.6
178.3
36.0

922.1
74.3
79.7
179.6
36.5

71.9
4.5
7.5
8.8
2.7

64.6
4.0
6.4
8.0
2.1

64.1
3.9
5,8
7.8
2,1

7.9
6.2
9.1
5.0
7.3

7.1
5.5
8.1
4.5
5.8

6.9
5.2
7,3
4.3
5,7

10*859.3
1*039.6
171.0
246.5
3*554.0
128.0
217.3
564.5
451.1
121.0
716.9
1*583.9
688.5
143.0
123.9
152.6
120.2

11.064.7
1.073.7
176.6
258.3
3*599.0
126..7
220.7
580.1
463.0
121.7
739.1
1*593.1
720.1
145.1
127.4
153.7
123.2

11*024.6
1*074.3
176.1
254.7
3*579.0
127.9
224.7
579.6
461.0
123.5
734.1
1.578.2
717.7
144,2
128,2
153.8
123.1

764.2
43.1
16.9
24.6
221.0
20.2
16.9
36.4
37.9
15,1
46,1
91.3
39.8
9.9
9.6
20.4
8.6

726.5
44.9
14.1
22.7
218.0
15.4
15.7
36.7
33.6
13.7
45.5
85.2
38.8
9.0
8.9
17.8
8.6

741.5
47.2
16.3
26.0
200.0
19.5
16.6
39.6
35.4
16.0
46,7
85.4
39.7
9.4
10.0
20.6
9.4

7.0
4.1
9.9
10.0
6.2
15.8
7.8
6.4
8.4
12.5
6.4
5.8
5.8
6.9
7.8
13.3
7.2

6.6
4.2
8.0
8.8
6.1
12.1
7.1
6.3
7.3
11*3
6.2
5,3
5,4
6.2
7.0
11.6
7.0

6,7
4.4
9.3
10.2
5.6
15.?
7.4
6.8
7.7
13.0
6.4
5.4
5.5
6.5
7.8
13.4
7.6

COLORADO
Denver-Boulder

1*327.4
790.7

1*411.1
844.5

1.407.5
841.6

67.9
35.1

67.9
37.2

61.7
33.4

5.1
4.4

4.8
4.4

4.4
4.0

CONNECTICUT
Bridgeport
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-West Haven
Stamford .
Waterbury

1*542.8
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

1*581.5
192.5
379.0
74.0
202.9
120.2
111.5

1.573.2
190.2
379.9
73.8
202.1
120.2
107,7

87.3
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

94.1
12.5
18.6
4.3
12.4
4.7
9.3

85.9
10.4
18.0
4.1
12.6
5.0
7.0

5.7
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

6.0
6.5
4.9
5.9
6.1
4.0
8.4

5.5
5.5
4.8
S.5
6.2
4.2
6.5

DELAWARE
Wilmington'

269.7
242.1

281.1
N.A.

280,9
N.A.

26.0
20.7

26.2
N.A.

22.6
N.A.

9.7
8.6

9,3
N.A.

8.1
N.A.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Washington SMSA'

316.8
N.A.

311.8
N.A.

312*3
N.A.

24.7
N.A.

20.2
N.A.

20.2
N.A.

7.8
N.A.

6,5
N.A,

6.5
N.A.

3*805.0
406,1
293,4
694.3
299.1
105.4
579.9
225.0

3*756,5
397,2
285,4
707.4
303.3
103.0
573.3
222.9

3.824,6
404,8
291.0
710.1
308.6
104.9
585.1
227.7

222.3
22.4
16,8
41,1
16.6
6.0
31.7
12.8

212.5
19,8
15.7
38.2
15.9
5.9
31.8
11.6

194.1
18.0
15,0
34.4
14.7
5.4
28.5
10.5

5.8
5.5
5.7
5.9
5.5
5.7
5.5
5.7

5.7
5.0
5.5
5.4
5.3
5.7
5.6
5.2

5.1
4.5
5.1
4.8
4.8
5.2
4.9
4.6

2*296.8
47.7
924.3
119.7
84,3
96,9
87,1

2*316.4
49,3
937.5
120.4
84.2
95.6
85.2

2*343.0
49.7
945.6
120.5
84.6
96.2
85.5

120.8
2.5
46.2
6.5
5.8
5.9
5.0

119.6
2.8
44.6
6.5
5.6
4.6
4.5

122.1
3.0
44.4
6.9
5.8
5.1
4.7

5.3
5,3
5.0
5.4
6.9
6.1
5.7

5.2
5.8
4.8
5.4
6,6
4.8

5,2
6.0
4,7
5,8
6.9
5.3
5.5

ALASKA .
ARIZONA
Phoenix
Tucson
3

ARKANSAS
Fayetteville—Springdale
Fort Smith'
Little Rock—North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
CALIFORNIA 2
Anaheim—Santa Ana—Garden Grove
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles—Long Beach2
.
Modesto
Oxnard—Simi Valley—Ventura
Riverside—San Bernardino—Ontario
Sacramento
Salinas—Seaside—Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco—Oakland
San Jose . . .
Santa Barbara—Santa Maria—Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton
Valiejo Fairfield—Napa

. . .

.

.

. .

.

FLORIDA 2
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood
Jacksonville
Miami
.
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa—St Petersburg
West Palm Beach—Boca Raton
GEORGIA
Albany
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus1
Macon
. . . .
Savannah

.

. . . .
..

.

.
...

.

..

.

. . .

.

.

.

5.2

See footnotes at end of table.




145

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
E-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployment
Labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number
State and area

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

HAWAII
Honolulu

397.7
313.1

406.5
320.0

406.9
320,1

25,5
19.3

21.9
16.3

18.6
13.9

6.4
6.2

5.4
5.1

4.6
4.4

IDAHO .
Boise City

403.2
87,7

412.7
89.0

415,0
89,5

31,8
4,9

32.6
5.2

30.8
5.1

7.9
5.6

7.9
5.8

7.4
5.7

5*214,2
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A,

5*428.0
N.A,
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

5*400,2
N.A,
N.A
N.A
N.A
N.A

295,3
N.A,
N.A
N.A
N.A
N.A

425.9

407.0'
N.A.
N.A
N.A
N.A
N.A

5.7

7.8
N.A,

7.5
N.A,

N.A
N.A
N.A
N.A

N.A

N.A
N.A

N.A
N.A
N.A

N.A
N.A

N.A
N.A

N.A.

N.A.

N.A
N.A
N.A
N.A
N.A
N.A
N.A

2*556,3
60,1
141,4
190.9
288,4
574,7
62,4
55,4
140,1
82,4

2*603,7
60,7
N.A,
194,5
302,4
594,7
59,6
57,1
142.8
83.2

2*606,8
61.0
N.A,
194,1
302,1
593.7
62.8
57,8
143,9
83,5

167.3

242.2

4.8
7.8
9.3

9.8

N.A.
16.5
31.9
42.7
4.3
6.2
12.1

245.1
10.7
N.A,
18,0
30,0
41.0
4.1
6.3
13.0

6.5
8.0
5.5
4.9
5.6
5.3

6.9

7.6

1*377.2
N.A.
181.9
45,2
55,4
68,1

1*417,8
90,5
189,1
47.7
54.7
71.6

1*422,4
90,7
186,8
46.7
54.8
72.2

75.4
N.A.

95.1
5.2

9.0

3.1
4.8
4.1

1*157,2
96.3
221.5
1*522.6
160.1
405.5
37.1

1*183.2
96.8
230.2
1,609.4
172.8
426.0
39.9

1*189.6
96.9
229,9
1,589.7
171.2
420.9
39.7

1*643.0
65.o
204.4
70,0
68,5
53,2
469.1
149.3

1.711.1
67.7
207.2
76.1
72.2
54.4
484.2
154.2

466,6
37.2
84,9

ILLINOIS 2
Bloomington—Normal
Champaign—Urbana—Rantoul
Chicago.

.

.

.

.

. . .

Davenport-Rock Island-Moline'
Decatur
Ptoria
Rockford
Springfield

.

INDIANA ' .
Anderson
Evansville

1

Fort Wavne

Indianapolis
Lafavette—West L a f a v e t t e

Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

.

.

..

.

.

..

3

IOWA
Cedar R a p i d s
Des M o i n e s
Dubuque

..

.

Sioux C i t y '
Waterloo

Cedar Falls

KANSAS
Topeka
Wichita

.

.

.

.

.

KENTUCKY

.

Louisville!
Owensboro

.

. . . .

LOUISIANA
Alexandria
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport
MAINE
Lewiston—Auburn
Portland .
MARYLAND
Baltimore
MASSACHUSETTS3
Boston
Brockton
Fall River 1
Lawrence—Haverhill'
Lowell

..

..

Springfiefd-Chicopee-Holyoke
Worcester
MICHIGAN 2
Ann Arbor
See footnotes at end of table.

146




,
,

N.A.
N.A.

N.A
N.A
N.A

N.A,

N.A
N.A
N.A

N.A

N.A,
N.A,
N.A,

N.A
N.A

N.A
N.A
N.A.

9.3

9.4

16.1
N.A.

17.5
N.A.

8.5
7.2

9.3
9.9
6.9

4.9
7.4

7.1
10,8

6.6
10.9

5.5
6.9

8.5
8.3

9.0
9.1

88.7

5.5

5.2

N.A.

11.8

10.3

4.7
4.3
3.9

3.6
4.0
4.1

5.0
6.9
8.7
6.0

6,7
5.7
6.3
9,8
7.9
5.4

6.2
5.7
5.5
7.7
7.3
5.7

43.1

44.5

45.1

3.7

4.6

5.1

5.1

4.8

3.8
5.3

3.8
5.3

7.7
104.5
5.7
24.0
2.5

7.5
119.5
8.0
29.5
3.1

122.0
7.8
31.0
2.9

6.9

7.4

3.6
5,9
6,8

4.6
6.9
7.7

7.7
4.5
7.4
7.3

1*715.7
68.9
207.6
76.0
72.8
54,2
482,5
155,3

114.1
5.8
13.8

144.9
7.5
16.5

137.2
7.9
14.4

6,9

8.5
11.1
8.0

8.0
11.4
6.9

3.4
5.0
4.2

4.2
5,5
5.6

3.5
6.1
5,4

5.6
7.6

4.6
8.3

10.4

10,0

27.3
9.1

34.8
11.9

31.7
12,3

7.2
7.7

6.6
7.9

482.4
39,5
90,0

482,7
38.7
90,1

36.1

42.1

38,5

3.4
5.4

2,5

6.9

4.9

5.8

8.7
8.6
6.1

8.0

2.6
4.9

2*042,4
1*047,4

N.A,
N.A.

N.A,
N.A.

141.0
76.2

N.A.
N.A.

N.A
N.A

2*915.1
1*423.6
80.8
77.4
140,2
118,2
82,9
278.9
200,8

2*829,6
N.A.
N.A,
N.A.
N.A.
N.A,
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

2*825,4
N.A,
N.A.
N.A.
N.A,
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A,

192,9
87,6

181,5

6.6
6.2
7.2
8.9
7.2
5.9

5,7

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

8,2
15.6
10.9

161,0
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A,
N.A,
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

6.4

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A,
N.A.
N.A.

9.9
5.6
5.4

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

4*280,3
142,7

4*265.7
139.8

4*287,0
143,1

350. 9
7. 9

438. 5
9. 3

480, 7
10. 9

8. 2
5. 6

10. 3
6. 6

11. 2
7. 6

16.3
30.7
3.1
4.1
7.8
5.7

5,8
6,9

10,1
7,0

10.6

3.3

9.0

6.
4.

7.
7.
5.
6.

N.A.

6.4

5,4

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
E-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas —Continued
Unemployment
Labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number
State and area

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FER.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

10.2
13.2
12.0
13.5
6.7
9,4
7.0
8,8
10.9
12.2

MICHIGAN—Continued
Battle Creek
Bay City
Detroit
Flint .
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo—Portage
Lansing—East Lansing
Muskegon—Norton Shores—Muskegon Heights
Saginaw

79.8
50.3
2*038.9
221.4
304.9
67.3
132.6
232.7
75.6
102.4

79.1
51.7
2*024.4
224.5
304.0
67.3
133.1
236.9
75.5
102.9

79.2
51.9
2*042.1
224.1
305.8
66.5
134.3
237.4
76.0
103.0

6.0
4.2
158.9
18.8
18.2
4.9
9.2
15.0
7.9
7.4

6.8
6.1
214.1
29,6
19,5
6.0
8.6
20.5
8.1
11.4

8.1
6.8
246.0
30.2
20.5
6.2
9.5
20,9
8,3
12,6

7.5
8.3
7.8
8.5
6.0
7.3
6.9
6.5
10.4
7.2

8.6
11.7
10.6
13.2
6.4
9.0
6.5
8.7
10.7
11.1

MINNESOTA
Duluth— Superior 1 . . . .
Minneapolis—St. Paul

1*983.5
112.6
1*072.6

2*057.0
117.9
1*109.1

2*078.8
118.3
1*117.6

96.6
7.6
36.4

122.9
9.2
47.2

126,2
9,6
46,4

4.9
6.7
3.4

6.0
7.8
4.3

962.0
140.6

978.5
147.2

988.3
147.9

65.3
5.7

66.5
6.4

68,9
6,2

6.8
4.1

6.8
4,3

7.0
4,2

2*236.0
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

2*228.6
677.0
43.5
N.A.
100.8

2*243.5
676.9
43.7
N.A.
101.2

126.2
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

143.9
35.3
3.2
N.A.
5.3

151,4
36.3
3.3
N.A.
5.4

5.6
N.A,
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

6.5
5.2
7.5
N.A.
5.2

6.7
5,4
7,5
N.A,
5.4

347.9
52.8
33.1

348.8
55.0
32.2

353.5
56.1
31.7

24.7
2.7
2.7

26.4
3.1
?.7

24.8
3,1
2,4

7.1
5.1
8.1

7.6
5.6
P.3

7.0
5.5
7.5

718,4
108.5
N.A.

745.3
109.1
273.2

752.5
109.8
275.3

26.0
3.0
N.A,

32.3
4,1
15.4

29.6
3.6
14.4

3.5
2.8
N.A.

4.3
3,7
5,6

3.9
3.3
5.2

343.3
189.5
99.7

364.1
201.6
106.3

366.3
202.4
107.5

17.4
10.0
3.9

22.1
12.7
5.7

20,8
12.0
5,3

5.1
5.3
3.9

6,1
6,3
5,4

5.7
5.9
4.9

428.5
76.9
67. 5

439.9
78.3
71.6

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

14.2
?.7
2.0

15.4
2.7
2.2

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

3.3
3.5
2.9

3,5
3.5
3.1

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

3*540.2
85.5
256.5
224.1
964.5
324.4
222.7
162.2
61.7

3.570.4
97.8
250.6
225.5
971.3
332.6
223.5
165.5
62.1

3*543.7
97.1
248.6
222.7
965.7
328.2
220.6
165.1
62.1

295.4
10.5
31.5
21.1
71.4
21,8
22.3
10.7
7.6

258.1
10.6
26.0
18.8
65.3
19.6
19.4
10.7
6.6

221.2
10,0
21.2
14.8
56.5
16.5
17.0
9.4
6.4

8.3
12.3
12.3
9.4
7.4
6.7
10.0
6.6
12.3

7.2
10.8
10.4
8.3
6.7
5.9
8.7
6.4
10.5

6.2
10.3
8,5
6.6
5.8
5.0
7.7
5.7
10.2

519.3
196.8

541.4
205.7

540.5
205.4

35.4
12.4

45.9
17.3

41.1
14.5

6.8
6.3

8.5
8.4

7.6
7.1

7*944.6
377.3
139.4
574.3
40.4
1*279.5
3*633.0
3*033.0
106.7
464.6
306.7
136.7

8*048.7
384.4
140.9
598.7
41.1
1*309.9
3*629.4
3*004.0
109.9
478.9
310.7
140.4

8*120.1
386.9
141.8
598.6
41.2
1*306.7
3*690.1
3*068.0
111.3
480.8
313.7
139.7

585.1
22.5
8.3
43.7
2.8
86.7
281.9
249.0
5.8
26.2
19.8
9.6

673.2
26.2
8.8
63.8
3.6
92.0
314.0
280.0
6.5
33.0
24.3
11.3

658.2
24.2
8.8
58.2
3.6
85.0
323.4
292.0
5.9
31,3
23.7
10.4

7.4
6.0
6.0
7.6
6.8
6.8
7.8
8.2
5.4
5.6
6.5
7.1

8.4
6.8
6,2
10,7
8,6
7.0
8.7
9.3
5.9
6.9
7.8
8.0

8,1
6.3
6.2
9.7
8.7
6.5
8.8
9.5
5.3
6.5
7.5
7.4

2*628.2
78.6
336.7

2*682.7
81.3
339.6

2*679.3
81.8
338.5

127,8
3,5
12.7

157.9
4.0
14.9

147.9
4.2
13.1

4.9
4,5
3.8

5.9
4.9
4.4

5.5
5.1
3.9

MISSISSIPPI
Jackson
MISSOURI
Kansas City'
St. Joseph
St. Louis'
Springfield
MONTANA
Billings
Great Falls
NEBRASKA
Lincoln
Omaha'
NEVADA
Las Vegas
Reno

. . .

.

NEW HAMPSHIRE
Manchester
Nashua
NEW JERSEY
Atlantic City
Jersey City
Long Branch—Asbury Park
Newark
New Brunswick—Perth Amboy—Sayreville
Paterson—Clifton—Passaic
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
NEW MEXICO
Albuquerque
NEW YORK 2
Albany—Schenectady Troy
Binghamton'
Buffalo
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
.
.
New York City 2
Poughkeepsie . .
.
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica—Rome
NORTH CAROLINA
Asheville
Charlotte—Gastonia

. ..

.

«

6.1
8.1
4.2

See footnotes at end of table.




147

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
E-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
j Numbers in thousands)
Unemployment
Labor fore*

Percent of
labor force

Number
State and area

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980P

NORTH CAROLINA—Continued
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh—Durham

414.6
280.1

422.4
291.1

418.4
291.8

17.4
10.0

23.1
13.0

18.3
11.3

4.2

5.5

3.6

4.5

4,4
3.9

NORTH DAKOTA
.
Fargo—Moorehead'

276.2
67.8

282.4
69.9

288.3
70.9

15.6
3.2

15.7
3.8

14.0
3.6

5.6
4.8

5.6
5.5

4.8
5.0

4*968.1
300.9
181.1
M.A.
919.8
532.2
386.6
364.7
232.7

4.994.0
302.8
184.8
N.A.
924.3
535.3
385.0
367.3
237.0

4*962.8
300.5
183.9
N.A.
917.7
531.2
383.5
364,6
233.6

324.8
20.4

349.6
22.6

6.5

7.0

6.8

7.4

7.0
7.5

12.1
N.A.
49.6
30.7
L2.2
27.9
17.6

349.0
22.5
12.8
N.A.
52.6
25.3
24.7
33.4
21.7

N.A.

N.A.

51.5

5.4
5.8
5.7
7.6

5.7
4.7
6.4
9.1

7.5

9.1

OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1*241.4
375.0
298.8

1*295.4
401.6
310.5

1*298.7
403.2
310.0

50.5
15.0
10.5

48.0
13.2
11.7

44.3
11.9
10,3

4.1

3.7

4.0
3.5

3.3
3.8

OREGON
Eugene—Springfield
Portland'
Salem

1*188,0
124.4
576.7
109.2

1,214.2
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

1*218.6
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

92.4
11.0
33.2

89,0
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

7.8

8.2

7.3

8.8
5.7

7.9

99.1
N.A,
N.A.
N.A,

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

5.235.8
295.1
56.7
123.7
214.0
107.5
173,4
280.8
2*101.1
996.2
148.6
52.7
170.4

5.331.5
302.4
60.3
125.9
217.8
110.6
176.4
266.0
2.121.7
1.013.4
153.9
52.7
174.9

5*3*2.9
302.2
60.4
127.0
217.7
111.9
178.2
288.7
2*132.4
1.016.3
156.4
53.0
174.2

393.7
20.1

413.7
21.6

418.9
19.2

5.6
9.5

5.8

6.1

10.7
13.2
11.6

11.5
12.9
12.5

6.2

6.5

10.2

12.3

11.6

7.5
6.8
9.8
7,7
5.4
9.7
4.9
9.3
7.4
6.7
5.7
9.9
6.0

4*1.6
447.6

459.4
N.A.

462.2
N.A.

33.1
32.9

35,0
N.A.

37.5

1*270.1
149.2
169.8
254.0

1.285.5
152.3
173.4
257.8

1.279.6
152.3
172.2
255.4

67.3

75.3

81.5

8.1
6.6

8.7
7.3

10.2

315.5
60.9

319.7
61.4

322.6
61.3

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

..

OHIO2 . . .
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati'
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton
Toledo'
Youngstown—Warren

.

...

.

PENNSYLVANIA 2
Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton1
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg
.
'
Johnstown
Lancaster
Northeast Pennsylvania
Philadelphia1 . . . .
Pittsburgh
Reading
Williamsport
York
RHODE ISLAND

SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston—North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville—Spa rtanburg
SOUTH DAKOTA
Sioux Falls
TENNESSEE
Chattanooga' . .
Knoxville
Memphis'
Nashville-Davidson

.

2

TEXAS
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont—Port Arthur—Orange
Corpus Christi
Dallas-Fort Worth
El Paso
Galveston—Texas City
Houston
Lubbock
San Antonio
Waco
.
Wichita Falls

See footnotes at end of table.

148




.

...

1*926.0
190.0
201.2
N.A.
393.2
6*202.6
87.6
248.0
166.3
139.2
1*447.0
169.8
80.2
1*412.1
100.5
410.6
77.7
59.4

6.345.5
89.2
250.7
163.8
142.9
1.507.7
172.5
81.2
1*461.1
102.1
417.6
79.2
60.2

6*319.8
89.1
251.6
162.3
142.4
1*504.2
170.4
82.4

11.5
10.5

24.5
25.1
32.8
20.8

8.4

9.0

9.7

26.1
156.0
66.7

30.3
137.2
75.0
10.1

29.3
140.9
72.5
12.0

7.2

N.A.

N.A.
5.6
4,6
6.5
9.0
8.9
3.4
3.0
3.3

7.8-

7.8
7.2
9.6
8.5
6.0

10,1

10.5

11.2

6,4
9.1
5.9

5.1

5.5

10.6

10.2

6.5
7.4
6.6

6.6
7.1
7.7

11.9

12.3

7.0

6.7

7.5

7.6

8.1

5.3
5.4
3.9

5.9
5.7
4.2

6.4

9.3
7.5

11*8

12.7

4.0

4.6

5.0

13.5

16.0

13.4

4.3

5.0

2.1

2.8

2.3

3.5

4.6

4.2
3.8

129.4
10.9
10.2
N.A.
17.2

N.A.
N.A,

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

6.7
5.8

N.A.

N.A
N.A
N.A

278.7

327.2

325.5

2.9
7.4

3.4
9.6

4.0
8.4

11.3
6.7
52.7
14.3

11.9
8.7
63.1
15.8

8.5
5.2

12.3
8.3
63.8
15.8
5.4

4.5

5.3

1*451.5
101.3

48.4

61.2

415.9
79.3
59.8

3.6

4.2

23.9

26.5

26.5

3.2

3.8

4.0

2.1

2.2

2.2

57.3
4.1

6.1
4.4

4,4

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

4,5
3.3
3,0

5.2
3.9
3.8

4.4
3.3

6.8
4.8

7.3
6.1

7.6
5.8

3.6
8.4
5.6
3.4
3.5
5.8
4.1
3.5

4.2
9.1
6.5
4.2
4.1
6.3
4.8
3,7

4.2
9.3
6.6
3.9
4.0
6,4
5,0
3,6

5.1
N.A.

5.2

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
E-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas —Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Un6mployni6nt
Percent of
labor force

State and area

FES.
1979
UTAH
Salt Lake City-Ogden

557.2
370.8

FEB.
1980P

JAN.
1980
591.0
394.9

593.0
394.0

FEB.
1979
28.1
17.9

JAN.
1990

35.5
21.8

FEB.
1980P

FEB.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
I960?

35.0
20.9

5.0
4.8

6.0
5.5

5.9
5,3

236.2

239.6

240.6

14.0

15.7

15.5

5.9

6,5

6.4

VIRGINIA
Lynchburg
Newport News-Hampton
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Portsmouth 1 .
Petersburg-Colonial Heights-HopewelI
Richmond
Roanoke

2*413.4
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

2*474.8
76.4
162.4
324.0

2*462.8
76.0
159.2
321.6
58.2

131.2

110.3

325.8
109.1

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

133.5
3.8
10.2
19.1
3.5
12.1
6.0

117.5
3.2
8.0
17.0
3.1
10.1
4.7

5.4
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

5.4
5.0
6.3
5.9
6.0
3.7
5.4

4.8
4.2
5.0
5.3
5.3
3.1
4.3

WASHINGTON . .
Seattle-Everett
Spokane
Tacoma

1*813.0
794.2
146.4
169,4

1*908.6
840.2
149.9
174.9

1*892.9
833.4
148.5
173.3

138.5
43.2
12.0
13.1

173.2
54.1
14.0
16.6

148.3
47,9
12.4
14.0

7.6
5.4
8.2
7.8

9,1
6,4
9,3
9.5

7,8
5.8
8,4
8,1

726.8
121.9

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

62.5
6.5
N.A.
5.0
5.8

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

8.6
5.3
N.A.
7.2
7.3

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

2*388.9
58.6
88.6
64.4
46.3
182.9
733.2
88.3

125.6
7.5
3.9
5.0
3.?
2.5
7.6
29.3
5.9

132.2

85.8
61.2
45.0
174.8
707.2
87.7

2*377.«
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

134.5
8.0
3.9
5.3
3.1
2.4
7.4
31.5
4.1

5,4
5.2
6.9
5.9
5.3
5.5
4.4
4.1
6.7

5.6
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

5.6
5.2
6.7
5.9
4.9
5.3
4.0
4.3
4.7

205.5

220.1

2??.5

6.5

9.0

3,2

4,?

4.1

VERMONT .

WEST VIRGINIA
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland'
Parkersburg-Marietta'
Wheeling1

N.A.
69.3
80.0

2*306.2
144.1

WISCONSIN
AppletonOshkosh .
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine

56.4

WYOMING

58.4
326.6

1

Includes interstate portion of area located in adjacent State.
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. (See"Explanatory Notes" for
State and Area Unemployment Data in Employment and Earnings, monthly.)
2

3
1979 estimates for this State may be subject to further revisions as the benchmarking process
is completed. Final estimates will be published in the reports listed in the box note below, as they
become available.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 have been benchmarked to 1979 Current Population Survey annual
averages. Except in the 10 States and 2 areas designated by footnote 2, estimates for 1980 are pro-

153.1

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

9.3

N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

visional and will be revised when new benchmark information becomes available. Data refer to
place of residence.
p= preliminary.
N.A.=not available.

SOURCE: Current Population Survey and Cooperating State Employment Security Agencies listed on
inside back cover.

Labor force and unemployment estimates for counties, cities, and other small areas have been prepared for administration of various Federal economic assistance
programs and may be ordered from the National Technical Information Service. When ordering, please specify "CETA Area Employment and Unemployment,"
"State, County, and Selected City Employment and Unemployment," and "Unemployment Rates for State and Local Governments." A complete set of price schedules
and publications is available from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield Virginia, 22161.




149

Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are estimated from two major
sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports from employers.

dustries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary
employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural establishments.

Data based on household interviews are obtained from a sample
survey of the population 16 years of age and over. The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the labor force,
the employed and the unemployed, including such characteristics as
age, sex, race, family relationship, marital status, occupation, and industry attachment. The survey also provides data on the
characteristics and past work experience of those not in the labor
force. The information is collected by trained interviewers from a
sample of about 65,000 households, representing 629 areas in 1,133
counties and independent cities, with coverage in 50 States and the
District of Columbia. The data collected are based on the activity or
status reported for the calendar week including the 12th of the month.

Multiple jobholding. The household approach provides information
on the work status of the population without duplication, since each
person is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor
force. Employed persons holding more than one job are counted only
once and are classified according to the job at which they worked the
greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the figures based
on establishment reports, persons who worked in more than one
establishment during the reporting period are counted each time their
names appear on payrolls.

Data based on establishment records are obtained each month from
mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation
with State agencies. The establishment survey is designed to provide
industry information on nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly and weekly earnings, and
labor turnover for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The
employment, hours, and earnings series are based on payroll reports
from a sample of establishments employing over 30 million
nonagricultural wage and salary workers. The data relate to all
workers, full- or part-time, who received pay during the payroll period
which includes the 12th day of the month. Based on a somewhat
smaller sample, labor turnover data relate to actions occurring during
the entire month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data supplement one another,
each providing significant types of information that the other cannot
suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily
obtained only from the household survey whereas employer
characteristics such as detailed industrial classifications can be reliably
derived only from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other because of differences in definition and coverage, sources of information, methods
of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and
response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major
factors which have a differential effect on levels and trends of the two
series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment comprises
wage and salary workers (including domestics and other private
household workers), self-employed persons, and unpaid workers who
worked 15 hours or more during the survey week in family-operated
enterprises. Employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural in-

150



Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes among the
employed all persons who had jobs but were not at work during the
survey week—that is, were not working but had jobs from which they
were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation,
labor-management dispute, or because they were taking time off for
various other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers
for the time off. In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on
leave paid for by the company are included, but not those on leave
without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences between
household and establishment survey employment data, see Gloria P.
Green's article "Comparing Employment Estimates from Household
and Payroll Surveys," Monthly Labor Review, December 1969.
Reprints of this article are available upon request from the Bureau of
Labor Statistics.

Hours of work
The household survey measures hours actually worked whereas the
payroll survey measures hours paid for by employers. In the
household survey data, all persons with a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average
hours. In the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory employees
on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and
assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during the
reporting period.

COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA WITH OTHER
SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from the
household survey includes all persons who did not have a job at all
during the survey week and were looking for work or were waiting to
be called back to a job from which they had been laid off, regardless
of whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance.
Figures on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the Employment and Training Administration of the Department of Labor, exclude persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers

who have not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons
losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems (some
workers in agriculture, domestic services and religious organizations,
self-employed and unpaid family workers). Beginning in January
1978, coverage was extended to include domestic workers whose
employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in any calendar quarter,
agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or more workers
in 20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any calendar
quarter, and almost all State and local government employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of unemployment used in the
household survey. For example, persons with a job but not at work
and persons working only a few hours during the week are sometimes
eligible for unemployment compensation but are classified as
employed rather than unemployed in the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences between State
insured unemployment and total unemployment, see "Measuring
Total and State Insured Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the
June 1971 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Reprints of this article
may be obtained upon request.
Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of Agriculture.
The principal differences in coverage are the inclusion of persons
under 16 in the Statistical Research Service (SRS) series and the treatment of dual jobholders who are counted more than once if they work
on more than one farm during the reporting period. There are also
wide differences in sampling techniques and collecting and estimating
methods, which cannot be readily measured in terms of impact on differences in level and trend of the two series.
COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the Census. BLS
establishment statistics on employment differ from employment

counts derived by the Bureau of the Census from its censuses or annual sample surveys of manufacturing establishments and the censuses
of business establishments. The major reasons for some noncomparability are different treatment of business units considered parts of
an establishment, such as central administrative offices and auxiliary
units, the industrial classification of establishments, and different
reporting patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences
in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and financial
establishments, whereas these are included in the BLS statistics.

County Business Patterns. Data in County Business Patterns (CBP),
published by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS establishment statistics in the treatment of
central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may
also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices.
In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and government, and
coverage is incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities.

Employment covered by State unemployment insurance programs.
Most nonagricultural wage and salary workers are covered by the
unemployment insurance programs. Beginning in January 1972,
coverage was expanded to include employees of small firms and
selected nonprofit activities who had not been covered previously.
However, certain activities, such as interstate railroads, parochial
schools, and churches are not covered by unemployment insurance
whereas these are included in the BLS establishment statistics. Beginning in January 1978, coverage was extended to include domestic
workers whose employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in any calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or
more workers in 20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages
in any calendar quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.

Household data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population, the personal,
occupational, and other characteristics of the employed, the
unemployed and persons not in the labor force, and related data are
compiled for the BLS by the Bureau of the Census in its Current
Population Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the Current Population Survey, BLS Report 463. This report
is available from BLS upon request.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted with a
scientifically selected sample designed to represent the civilian
noninstitutional population. Respondents are interviewed to obtain
information about the employment status of each member of the
household 16 years of age and over. Separate statistics are also collected and published for 14 and 15 year olds. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday,
which includes the 12th of the month. This is known as the survey
week. Actual field interviewing is conducted in the following week.
Inmates of institutions, members of the Armed Forces, and persons
under 14 years of age are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations and are excluded from the population and labor force statistics
shown in this report. Data on members of the Armed Forces, who are




included as part of the categories "total noninstitutional population"
and "total labor force," are, however, obtained from the Department
of Defense.
Each month, 65,000 occupied units are eligible for interview. About
2,800 of these households are visited but interviews are not obtained
because the occupants are not at home after repeated calls or are
unavailable for other reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for
the survey of between 4 or 5 percent. In addition to the 65,000 occupied units, there are 12,000 sample units in an average month which
are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not to be enumerated.
Part of the sample is changed each month. The rotation plan provides
for three-fourths of the sample to be common from 1 month to the
next and one-half to be common with the same month a year earlier.
Beginning in September 1975, the sample was enlarged by 9,000
households in order to provide greater reliability for smaller States
and thus permit the publication of annual statistics for all 50 States
and the District of Columbia. These supplementary households were
added to the national 47,000 household sample in January 1978.
Over the period November 1978 to April 1979 the sample was again
enlarged by 9,000 households. This was done to permit the publication
of reliable quarterly estimates for the 50 States and the District of Columbia. These supplementary households were added to the 56,000
household sample in January 1980.

151

CONCEPTS

Employed persons comprise (a) all those who during the survey
week did any work at all as paid employees, in their own business,
profession, or farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid
workers in an enterprise operated by a member of the family, and (b)
all those who were not working but who had jobs or businesses from
which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management dispute, or personal reasons, whether or
not they were paid by their employers for the time off, and whether or
not they were seeking other jobs.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those who held more
than one job are counted in the job at which they worked the greatest
number of hours during the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries,
temporarily in the United States, who are not living on the premises of
an Embassy.
Excluded are persons whose only activity consisted of work around
the house (such as home housework, and painting or repairing own
home) or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and similar
organizations.
Unemployed persons comprise all persons who did not work during
the survey week, who made specific efforts to find a job within the
past 4 weeks, and who were available for work during the survey week
(except for temporary illness). Also included as unemployed are those
who did not work at all, were available for work, and (a) were waiting
to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off; or (b)
were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job within 30 days.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of time (through
the current survey week) during which persons classified as
unemployed had been continuously looking for work. For persons on
layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number of full
weeks since the termination of their most recent employment. A
period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was employed or
ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the
present period of seeking work. Measurements of mean and median
duration are computed from a distribution of single weeks of
unemployment.
Unemployed persons by reasons for unemployment are divided into
four major groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking for work and persons
on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and immediately began looking
for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a fulltime job lasting 2 weeks or longer but were out of the labor force prior
to beginning to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who never
worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made specific efforts to
find a job, sometime during the 4-week period preceding the survey
week. Jobseekers do not include persons unemployed because they (a)
were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid
off or (b) were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job within 30
days. Jobseekers are grouped by the methods used to seek work, including going to a public or private employment agency or to an
employer directly, seeking assistance from friends or relatives, placing
or answering ads, or utilizing some "other" method. Examples of the
"other" category include being on a union or professional register,
obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a
designated pick-up point.
The civilian labor force comprises the total of all civilians classified
as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria described
above. The "total labor force" also includes members of the Armed
Forces stationed either in the United States or abroad.
The unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a
percent of the civilian labor force. This measure can also be computed
for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age, marital status,
race, occupation, industry, etc. The job-loser, job-leaver, reentrant,
and new entrant rates are each calculated as a percent of the civilian

152



labor force; the sum of the rates for the four groups thus equals the
total unemployment rate.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the noninstitutional
population that is in the labor force. Two types of participation rates
are published. The total labor force participation rate, which is the
ratio of the total labor force and the total noninstitutional population;
and the civilian labor force participation rate, which is the ratio of the
civilian labor force and the civilian noninstitutional population. Participation rates are usually published for sex-age groups, often crossclassified by other demographic characteristics such as race and
educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of the
noninstitutional population that is employed.
Not in labor force includes all civilians 16 years and over who are
not classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are further
classified as "engaged in own home housework," "in school,"
"unable to work" because of long-term physical or mental illness, and
"other." The "other" group includes for the most part retired persons, those reported as too old to work, the voluntarily idle, and
seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an "off" season
and who were not reported as unemployed. Persons doing only incidental unpaid family work (less than 15 hours) are also classified as
not in the labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous work experience, intentions to seek work again, desire for a job at the time of
interview, and reasons for not looking for work are compiled on a
quarterly basis. As of January 1970, the detailed questions for persons
not in the labor force are asked only in those households that are in
the fourth and eighth months of the sample, i.e., the "outgoing"
groups, those which had been in the sample for 3 previous months and
would not be in for the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969,
the detailed not-in-labor force questions were asked of persons in the
first and fifth months in the sample, i.e., the "incoming" groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed apply
to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two or more jobs are
classified in the job at which they worked the greatest number of
hours during the survey week. The unemployed are classified according to their last full-time civilian job lasting 2 weeks or more. The occupation and industry groups used in the CPS are defined as in the
1970 Census of Population. Information on the detailed categories included in these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies "wage and salary
workers," subdivided into private and government workers, "selfemployed workers," and "unpaid family workers." Wage and salary
workers receive wages, salary, commission, tips, or pay in kind from a
private employer or from a government unit. Self-employed persons
are those who work for profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons
working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a
business operated by a member of the household to whom they are
related by blood or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours worked during the survey week. For example, a person who normally
works 40 hours a week but who was off on the Columbus Day holiday
would be reported as working 32 hours even though he/she was paid
for the holiday.
For persons working in more than one job, the figures relate to the
number of hours worked in all jobs during the week. However, all the
hours are credited to the major job.
The distribution of employment by hours worked relate to persons
"at work" during the survey week. At work data differ from data on
total employment because the latter include persons in the zero-hour
worked category, "with a job but not at work." Included in this latter
group are persons who were on vacation, ill, involved in a labor
dispute, or otherwise absent from their jobs for voluntary,
noneconomic reasons.

Persons who worked 35 hours or more in the survey week are
designated as working "full-time." Correspondingly, persons who
worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working "part
time." Part-time workers are classified by their usual status at their
present job (either full or part time) and by their reason for working
part time during the survey week (economic or other reasons).
"Economic reasons" include: Slack work, material shortages, repairs
to plant or equipment, start or termination of a job during the week,
and inability to find full-time work. "Other reasons" include: Labor
dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation, demands of home
housework, school, no desire for full-time work, and full-time worker
only during the peak season. Persons on full-time schedules include,
in addition to those working 35 hours or more, those who worked
from 1-34 hours for noneconomic reasons and usually work full time.
Full- and part-time labor force. The full-time labor force consists of
persons working on full-time schedules, persons involuntarily working
part time (part time for economic reasons), and unemployed persons
seeking full-time jobs. The part-time labor force consists of persons
working part time voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking parttime work. Persons with a job but not at work during the survey week
are classified according to whether they usually work full or part time.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours lost to the
economy through unemployment and involuntary part-time employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available aggregate
hours. It is computed by assuming: (1) That unemployed persons
looking for full-time work lost an average of 37.5 hours (2) that those
looking for part-time work lost the average number of hours actually
worked by voluntary part-time workers during the survey week, and
(3) that persons on part time for economic reasons lost the difference
between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they worked.
Race. White and "black and other" are terms used to describe the
race of workers. The "black and other category," includes all persons
who identified themselves in the enumeration process to be other than
white. At the time of the 1970 Census of Population, 89 percent of the
black and other population group were black; the remainder were
American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asian and Pacific
Islanders. The term "black" is used in this volume when the relevant
data are provided exclusively for the black population.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified themselves in the
enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican living on the
mainland, Cuban, Central or South American or other Hispanic
origin or descent. According to the 1970 Census of population, approximately 96 percent of their population is white.
Major activity: going to school and major activity: other are terms
used to describe whether the activity of young persons during the
reference week is primarily one of going to school or not. Statistics on
major activity are published every month in table A-7 for 16-21 yearolds by employment status, race, and sex, and, if unemployed,
whether seeking full- or part-time work.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed Forces of
the United States between August 5, 1964, and May 7, 1975. Tables
for veterans in this volume are limited to males in the civilian
noninstitutional population, i.e., veterans in institutions and females
are excluded.
Nonveterans are males who never served in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas classification consists of all Census geographical divisions in which 20 percent or more of the residents were poor according
to the 1970 Decennial Census. Persons were classified as poor or nonpoor by using income thresholds adopted by a Federal interagency
committee in 1969. These thresholds vary by family size, composition,
and residence (farm-nonfarm). While poverty areas have a substantial
concentration of low-income residents, many poor persons live outside these areas and, conversely, the areas include many people who
are not poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the total of all
areas encompassed by Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas
(SMSA's). The metropolitan area total is based on the number of




SMSA's as defined in the 1970 Decennial Census and does not include
any subsequent additions or changes. Nonmetropolitan areas refer to
the total of all areas outside SMSA's. The nonmetropolitan total is
disaggregated into farm and nonfarm components.
HISTORIC COMPARABILITY
Raised lower age limit
Beginning with data for 1967, the lower age limit for official
statistics on persons in the labor force was raised from 14 to 16 years.
A detailed discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced
at that time, incuding estimates of their effect on the various series is
contained in "New Definitions for Employment and Unemployment"
by Robert L. Stein in the February 1967 issue of Employment and
Earnings and Monthly Report on the Labor Force. Reprints may be
obtained upon request.
Noncomparablllty of labor force levels
Before the changes introduced in 1967, the labor force data were
not comparable for three earlier periods: (1) Beginning 1953, as a
result of the introduction of data from the 1950 census into the estimation procedure, population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor
force, total employment, and agricultural employment by about
350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and males; other
categories were relatively unaffected; (2) beginning 1960, the inclusion
of Alaska and Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the
population and about 300,000 in the labor force, four-fifths of this in
nonagricultural employment; other labor force categories were not appreciably affected; (3) beginning 1962, the introduction of figures
from the 1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000, labor
force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were
virtually unchanged. In addition, beginning 1972, information from
the 1970 census was introduced into the estimation procedures, producing an increase in the civilian noninstitutional population of about
800,000; labor force and employment totals were raised by a little
more than 300,000, and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. A subsequent population adjustment based on the 1970
census was introduced in March 1973. This adjustment affected the
white and black and other groups but had little effect on totals. The
adjustment resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white
population and an increase of the same magnitude in the black and
other population. Civilian labor force and total employment figures
were affected to a lesser degree; the white labor force was reduced by
150,000, and the black and other labor force rose by about 210,000.
Unemployment levels and rates were not significantly affected.
Beginning in January 1974, the methodology used to prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was
modified to an "inflation-deflation" approach. This change in the
derivation of the population estimates had its greatest impact on
estimates of 20-24 year-old males—particularly those of the black and
other population—but had little effect on 16 and over totals. Additional information on the adjustment procedure appears in "CPS
Population Controls Derived from Inflation-Deflation Method of
Estimation" in the February 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Effective July 1975, as a result of the immigration of Vietnamese
refugees into the United States, the total and black-and-other independent population controls for persons 16 years and over were adjusted
upward by 76,000—30,000 males and 46,000 females. The addition of
the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1
percent in any age-sex group, and all of the changes were in the
"other"' population.
Beginning in 1978, the introduction of an expansion of the sample
and revisions in the estimation procedures resulted in an increase of
roughly a quarter of a million in the overall civilian labor force and
employment totals; unemployment levels and rates were essentially
unchanged. An explanation of the procedural changes and an indica-

153

tion of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population
Survey in January 1978" in the February 1978 issue of Employment
and Earnings.
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual was determined by the household respondent for the incoming rotation group
households, rather than determined by the interviewer as before. The
purpose of this change is to provide more accurate estimates of
characteristics by race. Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race determined by the household respondent and
seven-eighths of the sample households had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race determined by the household respondent. Although any
impact of this change is still unknown, it is possible that it has caused
a break in the time series for some racial statistics.
Beginning in 1979, the first stage ratio estimation method was
changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The new procedure is
described in the Estimating Methods section. The reasoning behind
the change and an indication of the differences appear in "Change in
the Estimation Procedure for the Current Population Survey beginning in January 1979" in the February 1979 issue of Employment and
Earnings. Differences between the old and new procedures exist only
for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan estimates, not for the total
U.S.

Changes in the occupational classification system
Beginning with 1971, the comparability of occupational employment data was affected as a result of changes in census occupational
classifications introduced into the Current Population Survey (CPS).
These changes stemmed from an exhaustive review of the classification system to be used for the 1970 Census of Population. This review,
the most comprehensive since the 1940 census, was to reduce the size
of large groups, to be more specific about general and "not elsewhere
classified" groups, and to provide information on emerging significant occupations. Differences in March 1970 employment levels
tabulated on both the 1960 and 1970 classification systems ranged
from a drop of 650,000 in operatives to an increase of 570,000 in service workers, much of which resulted from a shift between these two
groups; the nonfarm laborers group increased by 420,000, and
changes in other groups amounted to 220,000 or less.
An additional major group was created by splitting the operatives
category into two: Operatives, except transport, and transport equipment operatives. Separate data for these two groups first became
available in January 1972. At the same time, several changes in titles,
as well as in order of presentation, were introduced; for example, the
title of the managers, officials, and proprietors group was changed to
"managers and administrators, except farm," since only proprietors
performing managerial duties are included in the category.
Apart from the effects of revisions in the occupational classification
system beginning in 1971, comparability of occupational employment
data was further affected in December 1971, when a question eliciting
information on major activities or duties was added to the monthly
CPS questionnaire in order to determine more precisely the occupational classification of individuals. This change resulted in several
dramatic occupational shifts, particularly from managers and administrators to other groups. Thus, meaningful comparisons of occupational levels cannot always be made for 1972 and subsequent
years with earlier periods. However, revisions in the occupational
classification system as well as in the CPS questionnaire are believed
to have had but a negligible impact on unemployment rates.
Additional information on changes in the occupational classification system of the CPS appears in "Revisions in Occupational
Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in the Current Population
Survey" in the February 1971 and February 1972 issues, respectively,

of Employment and Earnings.

154



Changes In sample design
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various changes in
the design of the CPS sample. Most of these changes were made in
order to improve the efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the reliability of the sample estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census is to change
the sample design to make use of the recently collected census
materials. Also, occasionally the sample is expanded in terms of
number of sample areas and number of sample persons. In 1953, a
rotation plan was introduced in which a sample unit would be interviewed for 4 months, leave the sample for eight months, and then
return to the sample for another 4 months. When Alaska and Hawaii
achieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to the sample
to account for the population in these States. After the 1960 census,
selection of a major portion of the sample from census address lists
was begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected using area
sampling. Following the 1970 census, the ultimate sampling unit was
changed from a non-contiguous cluster of six housing units to a usually contiguous cluster of four housing units. In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24 States and the
District of Columbia and designed to provide more reliable annual
average estimates for States, was incorporated with the existing
design. A coverage improvement sample composed of approximately
450 sample household units which represent 237,000 occupied mobile
homes and 600,000 new construction housing units, was included in
computing the estimates beginning in October 1978 in order to provide
coverage of mobile homes and new construction housing units that
previously had no chance for selection in the CPS sample. A recent
change was introduced in January 1980, when another supplemental
sample of 9,000 households selected in 32 States and the District of
Columbia to provide more reliable quarterly average estimates for
States, was added to the existing sample.
The following table provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use during the referenced data collection
periods. For a more detailed account of the history of the CPS sample

design, see The Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of

Commerce, or Concepts and Methods used in Labor Force Statistics
Derived from the Current Population Survey, BLS Report 463.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the results for
a given month become available simultaneously and are based on
returns from the entire panel of respondents. There are not subsequent adjustments to independent benchmark data on labor force,
employment, or unemployment. Therefore, revisions of the historical
data are not an inherent feature of this statistical program.
The CPS estimation procedure involves weighting the data from
each sample person. The basic weight, which is the inverse of the probability of the person being in the sample, is a rough measure of the
number of actual persons that the sample person represents. In States
supplemented in the 1978 and 1980 expansions, almost all sample persons within the same sample area have the same basic weight, but the
weight may differ across sample areas. The basic weight is the same
for almost all sample persons in unsupplemented States. The basic
weights are then adjusted for noninterview, and the ratio estimation
procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for occupied
sample households for which no information was obtained because of
absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability of the respondent for other reasons. This adjustment is made separately by combinations of sample areas within each State and the District of Columbia, and within these, for six groups—two race categories (white, and

Households eligible
Time period

Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956,
May 1956 to Dec. 1959 ,
Jan.1960 to Feb. 1963
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966
Jan. 1967 to July 1971
Aug. 1971 to July 1972
Aug. 1972 to Dec, 1977
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979
Jan. 1980 to present . .

Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide
coverage in each State and the District of Columbia.
2

These are housing units which were visited, but were found

sample
areas

68
230
330
333 3
357
449
449
461
614
629

Interviewed

21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200

Not
interviewed

500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800

Households
visited not
eligible 2

3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000

12,000

to be vacant or otherwise not eligible for Interview.

Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska
and Hawaii after statehood.

over for the State. The second step involves "nonwhite" persons only,
black and other) within three residence categories. For sample areas
and is an adjustment to independent estimates of 40 age-sex-race
which are Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSA's), these
categories across the whole Nation. (The race categories used are
residence categories are the central cities, and the urban and the rural
black and other minority races.) The third adjustment is applied to all
balance of the SMSA's. For other sample areas, the residence
sample persons and is a weighting to nationwide independent populacategories are urban, rural nonfarm, and rural farm. The proportion
tion estimates within 68 age-sex-race groups. The entire second-stage
of sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent
ratio estimation procedure is iterated six times, each time beginning at
depending on weather, vacations, etc.
the weights developed the previous time. This iteration ensures that
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected for the
the sample estimates both of State population and of national age-sexsample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that of the population
race categories, will be virtually equal to the independent population
as a whole, in such characteristics as age, race, sex, and residence.
estimates.
Since these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample,
The independent controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional
the latter estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appopulation 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the
propriately by the known distribution of these population
trend in the growth of this segment of the population from the April 1,
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of ratio
1970 census through the latest available July 1 estimate, adjusted as a
estimates as follows:
last step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of this group.
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of the 629 sample State estimates by age for July 1 are published annually in Current
areas is chosen to represent other areas not in the sample; the rePopulation Reports, Series P-25. For a description of the
mainder of the sample areas represent only themselves. The first-stage
methodology used in developing the State total, see Report 640 of that
ratio estimation procedure was designed to reuuce the portion of the
series. Descriptions of the age estimates methodology are available on
variance resulting from requiring sample areas to represent nonsample
request from the Chief of the Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the
areas. Therefore, this procedure is not applied to sample areas which
Census, Washington, D.C. 20233.
represent only themselves. The procedure is performed at two
Prior to January 1974, the independent national controls used for
geographic levels: First, by the four census regions (Northeast, North
the age-sex-race groups in both the second and third steps of the
Central, South and West), and secondly, for each of the 46 States
second-stage ratio estimation procedure were prepared by carrying
which contains nonsample areas. The procedure corrects for the difforward the most recent census data (1970) after taking account of
ferences that existed at the time of the 1970 census between the
subsequent aging of the population, births, deaths, and migration betdistribution by race and residence of the population in the sample
ween the United States and other countries. Beginning in 1974, the
areas and the known race-residence distribution in the portions of the
"inflation-deflation" method of deriving independent population
census region or State represented by these areas. The regional adjustcontrols was introduced into the CPS estimation procedures. These inment is performed by metropolitan-nonmetropolitan residence and
dependent controls are prepared by inflating the most recent census
race, while the State adjustment is done by urban-rural status and
counts to include the estimated net census undercount by age, sex, and
race.
race, aging this population forward to each subsequent month and
b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample proportion later age by adding births and net migration, and subtracting deaths.
in the categories described below are adjusted to the distribution of inThese post-censal population estimates are then "deflated" to census
dependent current estimates of the population in the same categories.
level to reflect the pattern of net undercount in the most recent census
The second-stage ratio estimate is done in order to increase the
by age, sex, and race. The actual percent change over time in the
reliability of the estimates and is done in three steps. In the first step,
population in any age group is preserved.
the sample estimates are adjusted within each State and the District of
3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics for a given
Columbia to an independent control for the population 16 years and
month, a composite estimating procedure is used which takes account




155

of net changes from the previous month for continuing parts of the
sample (75 percent) as well as the sample results for the current
month. Almost all estimates of month-to-month change are improved
by this procedure, and most estimates of levels are also improved, but
to a lesser extent.

Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals shown
in the same tables because of independent rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand. Differences, however, are insignificant.

Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based on a
sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The standard errors provided primarily indicate the magnitude of the sampling error. They
also partially measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in
response and enumeration but do not measure any systematic biases in
the data.
Nonsampling errors. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to qualify some
sources of nonsampling error in the CPS as discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative
change, such as month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels
would be more severely affected by the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many sources,
e.g., inability to obtain information about all cases in the sample,
definitional difficulties, differences in the interpretation of questions,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall information, errors made in collection such as
in recording or coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made in estimating values for missing data, and failure to represent all sample households and all persons within sample households
(undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of the survey
have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is
used to estimate various sources of error as well as to evaluate and
control the work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected through reinterview at regular intervals.
The results indicate, among other things, that the data published from
the CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of
the CPS reinterview program and some of the other results may be
found in the Current Population Survey Reinterview Program,
January 1961 through December 1966, Technical Paper No. 19,
Bureau of the Census. U.S. Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in the CPS
data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan used for the sample, since the level of the estimates vary by rotation group. A description of these effects appears in the article "The Effects of Rotation
Group Bias on Estimates from Panel Sureys," by Barbara A. Bailar,
Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349,
March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing units and.
missed persons within sample households. Overall undercoverage as
compared to the level of the decennial census, is about 5 percent. It is
known that the CPS undercoverage varies with age, sex, and race.
Generally, undercoverage is larger for males than for females and
larger for black and other races than for whites. Ratio estimation to
independent age-sex-race population controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage.
However, biases exist in the estimates to the extent that missed persons
in missed households or missed persons in interviewed households
have different characteristics than interviewed persons in the same
age-sex-race group. Further, the independent population controls us-

156



ed have not been adjusted for undercoverage in the 1970 census, which
was estimated at 2.5 percent of the population,, with differentials by
age, sex, and race similar to those observed in the CPS.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS appears in
the paper, **An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by the Current Population Survey," by Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar,
Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce,
Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards; in the paper "The
Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson
and Gary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and Social Measurement,
Vol. 2, April 1973; and in The Current Population Survey, Design and
Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce. This last document includes a comprehensive and up-to-date discussion of various sources of errors, and
describes attempts to meaure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a measure of sampling variability, that is, of the variation that occurs by chance because a
sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. The sample
estimate and its estimated standard error enables one to construct confidence intervals, ranges that would include the average of all possible
samples with a known probability. For example, if all possible
samples were selected, each of these surveyed under essentially the
same general conditions and using the same sample design, and an
estimate and its estimated error were calculated from each sample,
then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one standard error below the estimate to one standard error above the estimate would
include the average result of all possible samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals froml .6 standard errors below the estmate to 1.6 standard errors above the estimate would
include the average of all possible samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2 standard errors
below the estimate to 2 standard errors above the estimate would include the average result of all possible samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a
large number of estimates and could be prepared at a moderate cost, a
number of approximations were required. First, the standard errors in
this report reflect the sample design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State estimates. Thus, these standard
errors may slightly overstate the standard errors applicable to the present design. Secondly, instead of computing an individual standard
error for each estimate, generalized sets of standard errors were computed for various types of characteristics. This generalization yields
more stable estimates of the standard errors. Consequently, the sets of
standard errors provided give an indication of the order of magnitude
of the standard of an estimate rather than the precise standard error.
Tables A and B show approximate standard errors for major
employment status characteristics for both monthly estimates and for
changes for consecutive months. These standard errors are applicable
to the level of the estimates in recent months.
Tables C through G provide generalized standard errors for monthly level and month-to-month change for estimated totals, unemployment rates, and percentages. Table H contains factors for use with
table G for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly level and month-to-month change for percentages. Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in the tables may be approximated by linear interpolation. The standard error for estimated
changes from one month to the next is more closely related to the
monthly level for the characteristic than to the size of the specific
month-to-month change itself. Thus, in order to use the generalized
standard errors for month-to-month change as given in the tables of
standard errors, it is necessary to obtain the monthly estimate for the
characteristic. It should be noted that the tables of standard errors for
month-to-month change apply only to estimates of change between
two consecutive months. Estimates of change for nonconsecutive
months are subject to higher standard errors. Table I contains factors
for use with tables C, E, G and H to compute approximate standard
errors, as described below, for levels, labor force participation rates,

and percentages as pertaining to year-to-year change of monthly
estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly
averages and changes in yearly averages. Note that standard errors for
changes in quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive
quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the standard errors must
be adjusted due to the differences in the sample size. For years prior to
1956, the standard errors should be multiplied by 1.50 and for the
1956-1966 period they should by multiplied by 1.22.

Table A. Standard errors of major employment
status categories
(In thousands)
Standard error of—
Employment status, sex,
age, and race

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16-19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Black and other, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16-19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Monthly
level

Month-tomonth change
(consecutive
months only)

223
236
107

171
180
111

124
135
68

107

168
167
64

129
131
67

80
84
56

85
94
69

78
85
54

60
65
57

44
49
33

38
43
35

62
62
34

48
49
36

33
30
29

37
35
32

118
71

Standard errors for estimated totals. Tables C and D provide
generalized standard errors for monthly totals and for month-tomonth change. The figures given in these tables are to be used for the
characteristics as indicated.
Illustration. Assume that the tables showed that the number of persons working a specific number of hours was 12,000,000, an increase
of 400,000 over the previous month. Linear interpolation in the second column of table C shows that the standard error on an estimate




of 12,000,000 is about 150,000. The 68 percent confidence interval as
shown by these data is from 11,850,000 to 12,150,000. Therefore, a
conclusion that the average estimate derived from all possible samples
lies within a range computed in this way would be correct for roughly
68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that the standard error of a
month-to-month change is primarily dependent on the size of the
monthly estimate. Thus, using linear interpolation in column one of
table D the standard error on a month-to-month change of 400,000
when the monthly level is approximately 12,000,000 is about 111,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability of an
estimated unemployment rate or an estimated percentage, computed
using sample data for both numerator and denominator, depends on
both the size of the rate or percentage and the total upon which the
rate or percentage is based. Estimated rates and percentages are
relatively more reliable than the corresponding estimates of the
numerator of the rates or percentages; this is particularly true for
percentages of 50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are
not published when the monthly base is less than 75,000 or the annual
average base is less than 35,000.
Tables E and F show generalized standard errors for monthly level
and month-to-month change for unemployment rates.
Generalized standard errors for estimated monthly percentages and
estimated month-to-month change in percentages can be obtained
through the use of the standard errors in table G and the factors in
table H. First obtain the standard error from table G for the specific
percentage and base. The generalized standard error is then calculated
by multiplying the standard error from table G by the appropriate factor from table H. When the numerator and denominator of the
percentage are in different categories, use the factor indicated by the
numerator of the percentage.
Illustration. For example, assume that the tables show that 3.6 percent of a total of 90,771,000 employed persons are employed in
agriculture. First the standard error on an estimate of 3.6 percent with
a base of 90,771,000 is obtained from table G (0.09 percentage point).
The appropriate factor from table H for the numerator of the percentage, agricultural employment, is 1.26. The generalized standard error
on the estimated 3.6 percent is then approximately 0.09 x 1.26=0.1
percentage point.
Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly estimates,
quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages and
changes in yearly averages. The approximate standard errors of levels,
rates and percentages involving year-to-year change of monthly
estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly
averages and changes in yearly averages may be obtained by using
table I in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for
estimates of change are more closely related to the level of the estimate
than to the size of the specific change. Thus, to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an average level, rate or percentage, or an
estimate of a change in level, rate or percentage, it is first necessary to
find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate of an average
level, rate or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For
an estimate of change in level, rate or percentage, find the standard error of the average of the two estimates affecting the change. Then,
after computing the standard error by treating these estimates as monthly estimates and using the procedures above, multiply this result by a
suitable factor from table I to obtain the approximate standard error
for the average or change.
Illustration. For an example, suppose that one is interested in the
year-to-year change of a monthly unemployment rate. Let us assume
that the tables show that for a certain month the unemployment rate is
6.9 percent based on a total of 95,676,000 in the civilian labor force,
and that a year prior to this the unemployment rate was 6.1 percent
based on a total of 94,254,000 fci the civilian labor force for the
month. First, the standard error on the average of the two estimates,
6.5 percent with a base of 94,965,000, is obtained from table E (0.11
percentage point). The appropriate factor then from table I is 1.40.
The approximate standard error on the change of 0.8 percentage point
is then given by 0.11x1.40 = 0.15 percentage point.

157

Table B. Standard errors of unemployment rates for major characteristics
Standard error o f —
Selected categories

Monthly
level

Total (all civilian workers)
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years
White workers
Black (and other) workers
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present . . . .
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over . . . .

.11
.13
.17
.55
.11
.45
.12
.21
.11
.32
.06

Standard error of—
Selected categories

Consecutive
month change

.12
.18

.13
.20

.19
.37
.23
.20
.27

.21
.41
.26
.22
.30

Consecutive
month change

OCCUPATION—Continued

.11
.13
.18
.65
.11
.47
.13
.22
.12
.40
.07

Blue collar workers—Continued
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives . . . .
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

.35
.49
.62
.31
.55

.40
.55
.71
.34
.62

.12
.58
.22
.27
.36
.31
.25
.17
.21
1.09

.13
.66
.24
.30
.40
.35
.28
.19
.23
1.24

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and
salary workers
Construction
Manufacturing
'.
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities . .
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers . . .

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators,
except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers

Monthly
level

Table C. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(In thousands)
Characteristics1
Labor force data other than
unemployment and agricultural employment data
Estimated
monthly
level

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000 . . . . . . .
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000

Agricultural
employment

13
18
41
57
81
113
137

Total
or
white

Black
and
other

10
14
32
45
64
90
109
125
139
166
188
219
249
253
260
260
254
221
143

10
14
32
44
60
79
88
90
87
36

Total
or
white,
16-19 years

10
14
32
44
60
77
84
84
76

1
When determining the standard esror of an estimate for a
group which is a subset of the age, sex, race groups listed, use the
standard error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the

158




Total or
Black and
white males
other, ,
only, or
16-19 years
females only

10
14
28
33
13

9
13
30
42
59
82
99
113
124
146
161
177
178
164
131
49

Unemployment
Black and
other
males only,
or
females only

9
13
29
40
52
60
53
16

Total
or
white

10
14
31
44
62
87
106
122
135
163
182

Black
and
other

11
15
33
46
63
83
93

standard error on the estimated number of employed persons ag
20 to 54 years use the column for total employed.

Table D. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(In thousands)
Type of characteristic l
Labor force data other than unemployment and agriculture employment data
Unemployment

Estimated monthly level

50 . . . .
100 . . .
500 . . .
1,000 . .
2,000..
4,000 . .
6,000 . .
8,000 . .
10,000.
15,000 .
20,000 .
30,000 .
40,000
50,000
60,000 .
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000

Total
or
white

Black
and
other

Total, or
white,
16-19 years

Black and
other,
16-19 years

8
11
24
34
47
66
81
93
103
123
130
163
179
189
194
195
191
179
119

8
11
23
33
45
58
65
68
65
33

12
17
37
52
70
89
96
93
78

12
17
33
37

See footnote 1, table C.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons

Total
or
white

Both sexes
16-19 years,
or part-time
labor force

11
16
35
48
68
93
110
123
132
145
146

12
17
39
55
77
107
129
147
162
191
211

Black
and
other

Black
and other,
16-19 years

12
16
36
49
65
80

12
17
34
39

reentering the labor force, persons w h o left their last j o b , and
persons by duration of unemployment.

Table E. Standard errors of unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate

Monthly base of unemployment
rate (In thousands)

50
100....
500. ...
1,000..
2,000 . .
4,000 . .
6,000 . .
10,000 .
20,000 .
60,000.
100,000




2.05
1.45
.65
.46
.32
.23
.19
.15
.11
.06
.04

2.88
2.04
.91
.65
.46
.32
.26
.21
.15
.08
.06

4.49
3.18
1.42
1.01
.71
.50
.41
.32
.23
.12
.10

10

15

20

25

30

35

50

6.18
4.37
1.96
1.38
.98
.69
.57
.44
.31
.17
.13

7.36
5.20
2.33
1.65
1.17
.83
.67
.52
.37
.20
.16

8.25
5.83
2.61
1.84
1.31
.92
.75
.59
.41
.23
.18

8.93
6.32
2.82
2.00
1.42
1.00
.82
.63
.45
.25
.19

9.46
6.69
2.99
2.12
1.50
1.06
.86
.67
.47
.26
.20

9.85
6.97
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.27
.21

10.36
7.33
3.28
2.32
1.64
1.16
.94
.73
.51
.28
.22

159

Table F. Standard errors of month-to-month change in unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate

Monthly base of unemployment
rate (In thousands)

50
100 . . .
500
1,000 . . ,
2,000 . . ,
4,000 . . .
6,000 . . .
10,000 .
20,000 .
60,000 .
100,000

2.32
1.64
.74
.52
.37
.26
.21
.16
.11
.06
.05

3.28
2.32
1.04
.73
.52
.37
.30
.13
.15
.09
.07

5.»2
3.62
1.62
1.15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.24
.13
.10

10

15

20

25

30

35

50

7.10
5.02
2.25
1.59
1.12

8.52
6.02
2.69

9.64

.79
.64

.94
.76

10.05
7.11
3.17
2.24
1.57
1.10

11.97
8.39
3.73
2.62
1.83
1.26
1.00

12.55
8.87
3.93
2.74
1.89
1.26

.49
.33
.18
.13

.59

11.39
8.05
3.58
2.52
1.76
1.22
.97
.72
.51

1.90
1.34

.39
.21
.14

6.81
3.04
2.15
1.51
1.06
.86
.65
.44
.22
.14

.89
.67
.48
.23

Table G. Standard errors of estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for
labor force date
Percentage of monthly level
Monthly base of percentages
(In thousands)

50
100
500
1,000
2 000
4 000
6 000
10,000
20,000
40 000
60 000
80 000
100,000
160 000

.

1
or 99

2
or 98

5
or 95

10
or 90

15
or 85

20
or 80

25
or 75

30
or 70

35
or 65

2.03
1.43
.64

2.85
2.02
.90

4.44
3.14
1.41

.45

.64

.99

.32
.23
.19
.14

.45
.32
.26
.20

6.12
4.32
1.93
1.37
.97
.68
.56
.43

7.28
5.15
2.30
1.63
1.15
.81
.66
.51

8.15
5.77
2.58
1.82
1.29
.91
.74
.58

8.83
6.24
2.79
1.97
1.40
.99
.81
.62
.44
.31
.25
.22
.20
.16

9.34
6.61
2.95
2.09
1.48
1.04
.85
.66
.47
.33
.27
.23
.21

9.72
6.88
3.07
2.17
1.54
1.09
.89
.69

.10

.14

.07
.06
.05
.05

.10
.08
.07
.06

.70
.50
.41
.31
.22
.16
.13
.11
.10

.04

.05

.08

NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by
the factors in table H to obtain the approximate standard error for

.31

.36

.41

.22
.18
.15
.14

.26
.21
.18
.16

.29
.24
.20
.18

.11

.13

.14

.49

.34
.28
.24
.22
.17

.17

50

10.19
7.21
3.22
2.28
1.61
1.14
.93
.73
.51
.36
.29
.25
.23
.18

a specific type of characteristic.

Table H. Factors to be used with Table G to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and
month-to-month changes in percentages
Factor

Factor

Type of characteristic
Monthly level

Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force . . .
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than agricultural employment data and unemployment data:
Total
Males only
Females only
Both sexes, 16-19 years

160




1.26
1.26

1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00

Month-to-month
change

1.05
1.50

.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18

Type of characteristic

Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration
of unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment
characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Black and other:
Total
Both sexes, 16-19 years . . . .

Monthly level

„

Month-to-month
change

1.01

1.21

.97
.97

1.08
1.21

1.04
1.04

1.13
1.24

Table I. Factors to be used with Tables C, E, G , H to compute the approximate standard errors of level, rates and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly
averages and change in yearly averages
Factors
Type of characteristic

Year-to-year change
of monthly estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in yearly
averages

Agricultural employment:
Total or male
Female or teenagers (16-19
years)
Part time

1.30

.89

.80

.72

.70

1.30
.1.40

.83
.74

.80
.80

.58
.46

.70
.70

1.30

.88

.88

.67

.70

1.30
1.40

.82
.74

.88
.88

.57
.46

.70
.60

1.40
1.40

.76
.69

.88
.88

.50
.39

.65
.54

Labor force data other than agricultural employment data and
unemployment data:
Total or white
Black and other or teenagers
(16-19 years)
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time




161

Establishment data
(B, C, and D tables)
COLLECTION
Payroll reports provide current information on wage and salary
employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover in nonagricultural
establishments, by industry and geographic location.
Federal-State cooperation
Under cooperative arrangments, responding establishments report
employment, hours, and earnings data and/or labor turnover data to
State agencies. State agencies mail the forms to the establishments and
examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The
States use the reported data to prepare State and area series and also
send the reported data to the BLS (Washington Office) for use in
preparing the national series. This avoids a duplicate reporting burden
on establishments, and together with the use of similar estimating
techniques at the national and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates.

Shuttle echedulee
Two types of data collection schedules are used: Form BLS
790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and Hours; and Form DL
1219—Monthly Report on Labor Turnover. The collection agency
returns the schedule to the respondent each month so that the next
month's data can be entered on the space allotted for that month. This
"shuttle" procedure increases comparability and accuracy of
reporting, since the respondent can see the figures that have been
reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total number of
Ifull- and part-time workers on the payrolls of nonagricultural
establishments and, for most industries, employment, payroll, and
hours of production and related workers or nonsupervisory workers
for the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. Form DL
1219 provides for the collection of information on the total number of
accessions and separations, by type, during the calendar month, and
total employment during the pay period which includes the 12th of
the month.

CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 and Form DL 1219 are
classified into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. Since
January 1980, this information is collected on a supplement to the
quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports filed by employers. For
an establishment making more than one product or engaging in more
than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the industry indicated by the principal product or
activity.
All data on employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover for
the Nation and for most States and areas are classified in accordance
with the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SICM), Office of Management and Budget. The BLS tabulates and estimates
statistics which distinguish between private and public establishments,
thus maintaining continuity with previously published statistics for the
private and government sectors.
Industry employment
Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer
to persons on establishment payrolls who received pay for any part of

162



the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. For Federal
Government establishments, employment figures represent the
number of persons who occupied positions on the last day of the
calendar month. Intermittent workers are counted if they performed
any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid volunteer
or family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers in
households. Salaried officers of corporations are included. Government employment covers only civilian employees; military personnel
are excluded. Employees of the Central Intelligence and National
Security Agencies are also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick leave (when
pay is received directly from the firm), on paid holiday or paid vacation, or who work during a part of the pay period even though they
are unemployed or on strike during the rest of the period are counted
as employed. Not counted as employed are persons who are on layoff,
on leave without pay, or on strike for the entire period or who were
hired but have not yet reported during the period.
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports of
payrolls and hours for production and related workers in manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries. An exception
to the definitions below are the statistics on hours and earnings of
Federal Government employees, reported in table C-3, which are for
all Federal employees, both supervisory and nonsupervisory, for the
entire calendar month. When the pay period reported is longer than 1
week, figures are reduced to a weekly basis.
Production and related workers include working supervisors and all
nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving,
storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, maintenance,
repair, janitorial and guard services, product development, auxiliary
production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant), and recordkeeping
and other services closely associated with the above production operations.
Construction workers include the following employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers,
mechanics, apprentices, laborers, etc., whether working at the site of
construction or in shops or yards, at jobs (such as precutting and
preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction
trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not above the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical workers, repairers,
salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants,
nurses, social workers, research aides, teachers, drafters,
photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial
workers, attendants, line installers and repairers, laborers, janitors,
guards, and other employees at similar occupational levels whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who received pay for any part of
the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. The payroll is
reported before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and
unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds,
or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacations,
and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and
paid regularly each pay period), other pay not earned in the pay period
reported (e.g., retroactive pay), tips, and the value of free rent, fuel,
meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such
as health and other types of insurance, contributions to retirement,
etc., paid by the employer) are also excluded.

Hours cover the hours paid for, during the pay period which includes the 12th of the month, for production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours paid for holidays and vacations, and for sick leave when pay is received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production or related
workers for which overtime premiums were paid because the hours
were in excess of the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or the workweek during the pay period which includes the 12th of
the month. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtime
premiums were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard,
incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.
Gross average hourly and weekly earnings. Average hourly earnings
are on a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly
and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors as premium pay
for overtime and late-shift work and changes in output of workers
paid on an incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of
employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and
changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments. Averages
for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are
the actual return to the worker for a stated period of time; rates are
the amount stipulated for a given unit of work or time. The earnings
series do not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the
employer since the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by
employers, and earnings for those employees not covered under the
production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee
definitions.
Gross average weekly earnings estimates are derived by multiplying
average weekly hours estimates by average hourly earnings estimates.
Therefore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in gross
average hourly earnings but also by changes in the length of the
workweek. Monthly variations in such factors as proportion of parttime workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during
the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees are not paid
may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-term trends of gross average weekly earnings can be affected
by structural changes in the makeup of the work force. For example,
persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers
in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced
average workweeks in these industries and have affected the average
weekly earnings series.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates to the
average hours for which pay was received and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor
turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours
to be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group
averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that portion of
the gross average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for
which overtime premiums were paid. If an employee were to work on
a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total compensation his or
her holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no
overtime hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, gross weekly
hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from month to month; for example, overtime premiums may be
paid for hours in excess of the straight-time workday although less
than a full week is worked. Diverse trends at the industry-group level
also may be caused by a marked change in hours or employment for a
component industry where little or no overtime was worked in both
the previous and current months. In addition, such factors as stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence on overtime hours as on gross hours.
Railroads hours and earnings. The figures for class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are based on monthly data




summarized in the M-300 report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff
assistants (ICC group I) who received pay during the month. Gross
average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation
by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by
dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis,
by the number of employees, as defined above. Gross average weekly
earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by average
hourly earnings.
Spendable average weekly earnings. Spendable average weekly earnings in current dollars are obtained by deducting estimated Federal
social security and income taxes from average weekly earnings. The
amount of income tax liability depends on the number of dependents
supported by the worker, the worker's marital status and level of gross
income. To reflect these variables, the Bureau calculates two sets of
spendable earnings series based on the assumptions that the worker
earned the gross average weekly earnings and was taxed at the rates
applicable to either (1) a single worker with no dependents, or (2) a
married worker with three dependents who files a joint return. The
computations are based on gross average weekly earnings for all production or nonsupervisory workers in the industry division excluding
•other income and income earned by other family members.
The series reflect the spendable earnings of only those workers, with
no dependents or three dependents, whose gross weekly pay approximates the average earnings indicated for all production and nonsupervisory workers. It does not reflect, for example, the average earnings of all married workers with three dependents; such workers, in
fact, have higher gross average earnings than workers with no
dependents.
Since part-time as well as full-time workers are included, and since
the proportion of part-time workers has been rising, the series
understates the increase in earnings for full-time workers. As noted,
"fringe benefits" are not included in the earnings. For a more complete discussion of the uses and limitations of these series, see the article by Paul Ryscavage, "Two Divergent Measures of Purchasing
Power," in the Monthly Labor Review for August 1979. Reprints of
this article are available upon request from the Bureau of Labor
Statistics.
"Real" earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are computed by
dividing the earnings averages for the current month by the Consumer
Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W),
and then multiplying by 100. This is done for gross average weekly
earnings and for spendable average weekly earnings. The level of earnings is thus adjusted for changes in the purchasing power of the dollar
since the base period (1967).
Average hourly earnings excluding overtime. Average hourly earnings
excluding overtime premium pay are computed by dividing the total
production-worker payroll for the industry group by the sum of total
production-worker hours and one-half of total overtime hours. Prior
to January 1956, these data were based on the application of adjustment factors to gross average hourly earnings (as described in the
Monthly Labor Review, May 1950, pp. 537-40). Both methods
are based on an assumption that earnings due to overtime are paid for
at 1 Vi times the straight-time rates. No adjustment is made for other
premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work,
and overtime rates other than time and one-half.
Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls and hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls and hours are prepared by dividing the current
month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures for 1967.
For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product of average
weekly hours and production-worker or nonsupervisory-worker
employment, and the payroll aggregates are the product of hour aggregates and average hourly earnings. At all higher levels of industry
aggregation, hour and payroll aggregates are the sum of the component aggregates.
Indexes of diffusion of changes in number of employees on
nonagricultural payrolls. These indexes measure the percent of industries which posted increases in employment over the specified time

163

span. The indexes are calculated from 172 unpublished seasonally adjusted employment series (two-digit nonmanufacturing industries and
three-digit manufacturing industries) covering all nonagricultural
payroll employment in the private sector. A more detailed discussion
of these indexes appears in "Introduction of Diffusion Indexes," in
the December 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.

ESTIMATING METHODS
The principal features of the procedure used to estimate employment for the establishment statistics are (1) the use of the "link
relative" technique, which is a form of ratio estimation, (2) periodic
adjustment of employment levels to new benchmarks, and (3) the use
of size and regional stratification.

Labor turnover
Labor turnover is the gross movement of wage and salary workers
into and out of employed status with respect to individual
establishments. This movement, which relates to a calendar month, is
divided into two broad types: Accessions (new hires and rehires) and
separations (terminations of employment initiated by either employer
or employee). Each type of action is cumulated for a calendar month
and expressed as a rate per 100 employees. The data relate to all
employees, whether full- or part-time, permanent or temporary, including executive, office, sales, other salaried personnel, and production workers. The inclusion of transfers to or from another establishment of the company as separations and accessions began January
1959.
Accessions are the total number of permanent and temporary additions to the employment roll, including both new and rehired
employees.
New hires are temporary or permanent additions to the employment
roll of persons who have never before been employed in the establishment (except employees transferring from another establishment of
the same company) or of former employees not recalled by the
employer.
Recalls are permanent or temporary additions to the employment
roll of persons specfically recalled to a job in the same establishment
of the company following a period of layoff lasting more than 7 consecutive days. (The collection of recalls, as a separate item, began
January 1976.)
Other accessions are all additions to the employment roll which are
not classified as new hires or recalls. These include transfers from
other establishments of the company and former employees returning
from military leave or other absences without pay who have been
counted as separations. Data on other accessions are not published
separately but are included in total accessions.
Separations are terminations of employment during the calendar
month and are classified according to cause—quits, layoffs, and other
separations—defined as follows:
Quits are terminations of employment initiated by employees,
failure to report after being hired (if counted as new hires previously),
and unauthorized absences, if, on the last day of the month, the person has been absent more than 7 consecutive calendar days.
Layoffs are suspensions without pay lasting or expected to last more
than 7 consecutive calendar days, initiated by the employer without
prejudice to the worker.
Other separations, which are not published separately but are included in total separations, are terminations of employment because
of discharge, permanent disability, death, retirement, transfer to
another establishment of the company, and entrance into the Armed
Forces for a period expected to last more than 30 consecutive calendar
days.
Relationship of labor turnover to employment series
Month-to-month changes in total employment in manufacturing industries reflected by labor turnover rates are not strictly comparable
with the changes shown in the Bureau's employment series for the
following reasons: (1) Accessions and separations are computed for
the entire calendar month; the employment reports refer to the pay
period which includes the 12th of the month; and (2) employees on
strike are not counted as turnover actions although such employees
are excluded from the employment estimates if the work stoppage extends through the report period.

164



The "link relative" technique
From a sample composed of establishments reporting for both the
previous and current months, the ratio of current month employment
to that of the previous month is computed. This is called a "link
relative." The estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the current month
are obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month by
these "link relatives." In addition, small bias correction factors are
applied to selected employment estimates each month. The size of the
bias correction factors is determined from past experience. Other
features of the general procedures are described in table J.
Size and regional stratification
A number of industries are stratified by size of establishment
and/or by region, and the stratified production- or nonsupervisory
worker-data are used to weight the hours and earnings into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an
employment, hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table J, may be a whole industry or
a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size stratum of a region within an
industry. The labor turnover estimates are stratified by industry only.
Benchmark adjustments
Employment estimates are compared periodically with comprehensive counts of employment which provide "benchmarks" for the
various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate adjustments are
made as indicated. The industry estimates are currently projected
from March 1978 levels. Normally, benchmark adjustments are made
annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are employment
data, by industry, compiled quarterly by States agencies from reports
of establishments covered under State unemployment insurance laws.
These tabulations cover more than nine-tenths of the total
nonagricultural employment in the United States. Benchmark data for
the residual are obtained from the records of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate Commerce Commission, and a number of
other agencies in private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared with new
benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are necessary, the
monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted
between the new benchmark and the preceding one, and the
new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month by use of the sample trends. Thus, under this
procedure, the benchmark is used to establish the level of employment; the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in
the level. A comparison of the actual amounts of revisions made at the
time of the March 1978 benchmark adjustment is shown in table K.
Data for all months since the last benchmark to which the series has
been adjusted are subject to revision. Revised data are published as
soon as possible after each benchmark revision.
THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the current employment statistics program is know as "sampling proportionate to average size of establish-

Table J. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover
Basic estimating cell (industry, region,
size, or region/size cell)

Item

Aggregate industry levels (divisions,
groups and, where stratified,
individual cells)

Monthly data
All employees

All-employees estimate for previous
Sum of all-employee estimates for commonth multiplied by ratio of all emponent cells.
ployee; in current month to all employees in previous month, for
sample establishments which reported for both months.

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
employees
,

All-employee estimate for current
month multiplied by (1) ratio of
production or nonsupervisory workers to all employees in sample establishments for current month, (2)
estimated ratio of women to all employees.

Sum of production- or nonsupervisoryworker estimates, or estimates of
women employees, for component
cells.

Production- or nonsupervisory-worker
hours divided by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.

Average, weighted by production- or
nonsupervisory-worker employment,
of the average weekly hours for component cells.

Production-worker overtime hours divided by number of production
workers.

Average, weighted by production-worker
employment, of the average weekly
overtime hours for component cells.

Gross average hourly earnings

Total production- or nonsupervisoryworker payroll divided by total
production-or nonsupervisoryworker hours.

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of
the average hourly earnings for component cells.

Gross average weekly earnings . . . .

Product of gross average weekly hours
and average hourly earnings.

Product of gross average weekly hours
and average hourly earnings.

Labor turnover rates . . . .

The number of particular actions (e.g.,
quits) in reporting establishments
divided by total employment in
those firms. The result is multiplied
by 100.

Average, weighted by employment, of
the rates for component cells.

Gross average weekly hours

. .,

Average weekly overtime hours

..

Annual average data
All employees, women employees, and production or
nonsupervisory workers
,
Gross average weekly hours

Average weekly overtime hours

..

Sum of monthly estimates divided by
12.
Annual total of aggregate hours
(production- or nonsupervisoryworker employment multiplied by
average weekly hours) divided by
annual sum of employment.

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Annual total of aggregate overtime
hours (production-worker employment multiplied by average weekly
overtime hours) divided by annual
sum of employment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours
for production workers divided by
annual sum of employment for
these workers.

Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory workers
divided by annual sum of employment for these workers.

See footnotes at end of table.




165

Table J. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, earnings, and
labor turnover—Continued
Basic estimating cell (industry, region,
size, or region/size cell)

Item

Aggregate industry levels (divisions,
groups and, where stratified,
individual cells)

Annual average data—Continued
Gross average hourly earnings

Annual total of aggregate payrolls
(product of production- or
n on supervisory-worker employment by weekly hours and hourly
earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by annual aggregate hours.

Gross average weekly earnings

Product of gross average weekly hours
and average hourly earnings.

Product of gross average weekly hours
and average hourly earnings.

Annual average aggregate (of each
labor turnover action) divided by
annual average employment.

Annual average aggregate (of each labor
turnover action) divided by annual
average employment.

The estimates result from multiplying the product shown by
bias adjustment factors to compensate for the underrepresentatlon
of newly formed enterprises in the sample and other bias sources.
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio,
average weekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly
earnings are modified by a wedging technique designed to com-

ment." This design is an optimum allocation design among strata
since the sampling variance is proportional to the average size of
establishments. Under this type of design, large establishments fall into the sample with certainty. The size of the sample for the various industries is determined empirically on the basis of experience and of
cost considerations. In a manufacturing industry in which a high proportion of total employment is concentrated in relatively few
establishments, a large percent of total employment is included in the
sample. Consequently, the sample design for such industries provides

Table K. Comparison of nonagricultural employment
benchmarks and estimates for March 1978

Industry division

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government

166




pensate for changes in the sample arising mainly from the voluntary
character of the reporting. The wedging procedure accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample, and at
the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of
the latest sample average.

for a complete census of the large establishments with only a few
chosen from among the smaller establishments or none at all if the
concentration of employment is great enough. On the other hand, in
an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is in
small establishments, the sample design calls for inclusion of all large
establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones.
Many industries in the trade and services divisions fall into this
category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by
available resources, it is necessary to design samples for these industries with a smaller proportion of universe employment than is the
case for most manufacturing industries. Since individual
establishments in these nonmanufacturing divisions generally show
less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than do
establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller samples (in
terms of employment) generally produce reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS employment and labor turnover statistics
programs, with their emphasis on producing timely data at minimum
cost, a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide reasonably reliable
estimates that can be published promptly and regularly. The present
sample meets these specifications for most industries. With its use, the
BLS is able to produce preliminary estimates each month for many industries and for many geographic levels within a few weeks after the
reference period and, at a somewhat later date, statistics in considerably greater industrial detail.

Benchmark
March
1978

Estimate
March
1978

84,455

83,897

0.7

699
3,733
20,122

686
3,675
19,995

1.9
1.6

.6

Coverage

4,804
18,878

4,759
18,801

.9
.4

4,623
15,870
15,726

4,577
15,678
15,726

1.0
1.2
0

The BLS sample of establishment employment and payrolls is the
largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social statistics.
Table L shows the approximate proportion of total employment in
each industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions shown.
Table M shows the approximate coverage, in terms of employment, of
the labor turnover sample.

Percent
difference

Table L. Approximate size and coverage of BLS
employment and payrolls sample, March 1978 *

Industry division

Total

.

Number of
establishments in
sample

Employees
Number
reported

Percent
of total

161,800

33,453,000

40

2,100
15,800
45,800

268,000
636,000
11,268,000

38
17
56

39

471,000

91

7,200

2,093,000

49

39,500

3,232,000

17

10,600
23,900

1,701,000
3,104,000

37
20

4,600
12,300

2,725,000
7,955,000

100
61

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
put lie utilities:
Railroad transportation (ICC)
Other transportation
and public utilities . .
Wholesale and retail
trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government:

Federal ?
State and local

Since a few establishments do not report payroll and hour
information, hours and earnings estimates may be based on a
slightly smaller sample than employment estimates.
National estimates of Federal employment by agency are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area
estimates of Federal employment, are bated on a sample of 3,700
reports covering about 55 percent of employment in Federal
establishments.

Table M. Approximate size and coverage of BLS labor
turnover sample, March 1978
Employees
Industry
Number reported Percent of total

Total
Manufacturing
Mining 1
Telephone communication. . . .

10,222,680
9,345,940
186,560
698,980

47
46
21
72

adjusts the estimates for changes in the industrial classification of individual establishments (resulting from changes in their product which
are not reflected in the levels of estimates until the data are adjusted to
new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed industry levels, particularly within manufacturing, changes in classification are the major
cause of benchmark adjustments. Another cause of differences arises
from improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. Table N
presents the average percent revisions of the five most recent benchmarks (excluding the March 1973 adjustment) for major industry
divisions. Detailed descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are
available from the Bureau upon request.

Table N. Average benchmark percent revision in employment estimates and relative errors for average weekly
hours and average hourly earnings by industry division
[In percent]

Industry division

Total nonagricultural employment
Total private
Mining
Contract construction . . .
Manufacturing
Durable
Nondurable goods . . .
Transportation and public
utilities
Trade
Wholesale
Retail
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government 3

Average
Relative errors
(in percent)
benchmark revision in
Average Average
estimates
hourly
weekly
of
earnings
hours
employment

0.2
.3
1.3
1.3
.3
.3
.5

0.1
.5
.2
.1
.1
.1

0.2
.5
.3
.1
.1
.1

.4
.2
.9
.2

.7
.1
.2
.2

.4
.2
.3
.2

.5
.7
.1

.2
.4

.4
.8

The average percent revision in employment for the 1969-71,
1974, and 1978 benchmarks.
Relative errors relate to March 1971 data.
Estimates for government are based on a total count for
Federal Government and samples for State and local government
benchmarked to a quinquennial census of government conducted
by the Bureau of the Census.

June 1978 data used due to strike in March.

Reliability of the employment estimates
Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment sample
assures a high degree of accuracy, the estimates derived from it may
differ from the figures that would be obtained if it were possible to
take a complete census using the same schedules and procedures. As
discussed under the previous section, a "link relative" technique is used to estimate employment. This requires the use of the previous
month's estimate as the base in computing the current month's
estimate. Thus, small sampling and response errors may cumulate
over several months. To remove this accumulated error, the estimates
are usually adjusted annually to new benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and response errors, the benchmark revision




The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating cells are not
subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader groupings may
be affected slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and
earnings estimates, however, are subject to sampling errors which may
be expressed as relative errors of the estimates. (A relative error is a
standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate.) Relative errors
for major industries are presented in table N and for individual industries with the specified number of employees in table O. The
chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours and earnings estimates
from the sample would differ by a smaller percentage than the relative
error from the averages that would have been obtained from a complete census.

167

One measure of the reliability of the employment estimates for individual industries is the root-mean-square error (RMSE). The
measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in estimates:
RMSE

Table P. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Root- mean- square
error o f —

(Standard Deviation)2 + (Bias)2
Category

If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that an estimate
from the sample would differ from its benchmark by less than the
root-mean-square error. The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the
difference would be less than twice the root-mean-square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based on the most
recent benchmark revisions) of differences between final estimates
and benchmarks are presented in table O.

Table O. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings

Size of employment
estimate

50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000

Root-meansquare
error of
employment
estimates

Relative errors 2
(in percent)
Average
Average
hourly
weekly
earnings
hours

2,100
4,400
7,100
15,200
17,100
28,500

0.9
.7
.5
.4
.3
.3

1.5
1.1
.9
.8
.5
.5

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to March 1971 data.

For the two most recent months, estimates of employment, hours,
and earnings are preliminary and are so footnoted in the tables. These
figures are based on less than the total sample and are revised when all
the reports in the sample have been received. Table P presents rootmean-square errors of the amounts of revisions that may be expected
between the preliminary and final levels of employment and
preliminary and final month-to-month changes. Revisions of
preliminary hours and earnings estimates are normally not greater
than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1 cent for hourly earnings.

Monthly
level

Month-tomonth
change

83,000

75,000

8,000
32,000
32,000
3,700
2,500
20,000
29,000
8,000
35,000
43,000

5,000
30,000
36,000
3,500
2,500
15,000
27,000
8,000
35,000
37,000

300
700

400
700
1,100
4,100
3,900
6,100

INDUSTRY DIVISIONS
Total nonagricultural
employment
Mining
Contract construction
Manufacturing
Durable two-digit industries
Nondurable two-digit industries . .
Transportation and public utilities . . .
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate . . .
Services
Government
DETAILED INDUSTRIES: SIZE OF
EMPLOYMENT ESTIMATE
50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000

1,100
3,900
3,800
6,000

NOTE: Division level data are based on differences from
January 1972 through June 1979. Detailed industry data are
based on differences from August 1978 through June 1979.

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
State and area employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover
data are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with
BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Definitions for
all areas are published each year in the issue of Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May
issue). Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back cover of each issue. These statistics are based on the same
establishment reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates.
For employment, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from
the equivalent official U.S. totals on a national basis, because some
States have more recent benchmarks than others and because of the
effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification.
For the States and the areas shown in the B and C sections of this
periodical, all the annual average data for the detailed industry
statistics currently published by each cooperating State agency are
presented (from the earliest date of availability of each series) in a
summary volume published annually by the BLS.

168




Tables C-10, C-ll, and C-12 are compiled by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics from establishment data and from estimates of compensation and gross national product supplied by the U.S. Department of
Commerce and the Federal Reserve Board.
Definitions
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments
refer to hours paid for all employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final goods and services produced in a given period. Indexes of output per hour of labor
input, or labor productivity, measure changes in the volume of goods
and services produced per unit of labor.Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries of employees
plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private benefit
plans. The data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplementary payments for the self-employed, except for nonfinancial
corporations, in which there are no self employed.

Real compensation per hour is compensation per hour adjusted to
eliminate the effect of changes in the Consumer Price Index for All
Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost required to
produce one unit of output and are derived by dividing compensation
per hour by output per hour. Unit nonlaborpayments include profits,
depreciation, interest, and indirect taxes per unit of output. They are
computed by subtracting compensation of all persons from the
current-dollar gross national product and dividing by output. In these
tables, unit nonlabor costs contain all the components of unit
nonlabor payments except unit profits. Unit profits include corporate
profits and inventory valuation adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the current-dollar
estimate of gross product by the constant-dollar estimate, making the
deflator, in effect, a price index for gross product of the sector
reported.

Notes on the data

For the private business sector and the nonfarm business sector,
these indexes relate to the gross domestic product less household and
institutions, owner-occupied housing, and statistical discrepancy. For
the nonfinancial corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross
domestic product of nonfinancial corporate business.
Manufacturing data have been revised to reflect revisions in the
Federal Reserve Board Index of Industrial Production. Output data
are supplied by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department
of Commerce, and the Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly measures
have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to annual
estimates of output (gross product originating) from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis. Compensation and hours data are from the
Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

State and area unemployment data
(E tables)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM

Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor market
areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under Federal assistance programs are developed by State employment security agencies under a
Federal-State cooperative program. The local unemployment
estimates which are derived from standardized procedures developed
by BLS are the basis for determining eligibility of an area for benefits
under Federal programs such as the Comprehensive Employment and
Training Act, the Public Works Employment Act, and the Public
Works and Economic Development Act.

ESTIMATING METHODS

Labor force and unemployment in 10 large States: New York,
California, Illinois, Ohio, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan,
Texas, Massachusetts, and Florida; and two areas: Los Angeles-Long
Beach metropolitan area and New York City, are sufficiently reliable
to be used directly from the CPS. For a description of the CPS concepts see "Household Data," above.
Monthly employment and unemployment estimates in the remaining 40 States and 214 labor market areas are prepared in several
stages.
1. Preliminary estimate—employment: The total employment
estimate is based primarily on data from the survey of establishments
which produces an estimate of payroll employment. This place-ofwork estimate must be adjusted to refer to place of residences as used
in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from place of work to place of
residence have been developed for the major categories of employment by class of worker and industry on the basis of employment relationships which existed at the time of the 1970 Decennial Census.
These factors are applied to the payroll employment estimates for the
current period to obtain adjusted employment estimates.
2. Preliminary estimate-unemployment: In the current month, the
estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the estimates for each of
three building block categories: (1) Persons who were previously
employed in industries covered by State unemployment insurance (UI)
laws; (2) those previously employed in industries not covered by these
laws; and (3) those who were either entering the labor force for the
first time or reentering after a period of separation. This is referred to
below as the Ul-based estimate.




An estimate for those previously employed in covered industries is
derived from a count of current unemployment insurance claimants,
plus estimates of claimants whose benefits have been exhausted, those
persons disqualified from receiving benefits for nonmoiietary reasons
(because they quit, were discharged for cause, etc., but would otherwise have been eligible), and persons who either filed claims late or not
at all.
The estimate of those previously employed in industries not covered
by UI is derived by applying to the employment estimate for each noncovered industry or class of worker subgroup in the State, the ratio of
covered unemployment to covered employment weighted by factors
reflecting national historical relationships.
For the third category, new entrants and reentrants into the labor
force, a composite estimate is developed from equations that relate the
total entrants into the labor force to the experienced unemployed and
the experienced labor force. For each month, the estimate of entrants
into the labor force is a function of: (a) the month of the year; (b) the
level of the experienced unemployed; (c) the level of the experienced
labor force; and (d) proportion of the working age population that is
considered "youth." The composite estimate of total entrants is
defined as:
U « A ( X + E) + BX, where
U « total entrant unemployment
E * total employment
X * total experienced unemployment
A,B * synthetic factors incorporating seasonal variation and
an assumed relationship between the proportion of
youths in the working population and the historical
relationship of entrants to the experienced unemployed
(B factor) or the experienced labor force (A factor).
3. Correction factors for employment and unemployment are then
applied at the State level to the Ul-based estimates obtained above for
each of the 40 States and the District of Columbia. These correction
factors are based on the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based estimates for
the 6 month period ending in the current month (e.g. a 6-month moving average).
4. Substate adjustment for additivity. Independent estimates of
employment and unemployment are prepared both for the State (obtained directly from the CPS in the 10 large States or by the Ul-based
method in the remaining States), and labor market areas (LMA's)

169

within the State. The total of the geographic areas in the LMA's exhausts the geographic boundries of the State. A proportional adjustment is applied to all substate LMA estimates to ensure that the
substate estimates of employment and unemployment add to the independent State totals. In California and New York, which also have
substate areas taken directly from the CPS, the additivity adjustment
for the remaining areas is applied to the State total minus the direct
CPS area.
5. Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year monthly
estimates prepared by State employment security agencies using UIbased estimating procedures are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to
the annual average CPS estimates for the 40 States for which monthly

CPS estimates are not available. This adjustment is necessary because
the State-prepared estimates are not as reliable as the CPS annual
averages due to differences in State UI laws, the structural limitations
of the Ul-based estimating method, and errors in the UI data.
The benchmarked estimates are produced in three stages. First, the
monthly Ul-based estimates are adjusted by the ratio of the CPS to
the Ul-based annual averages. Second, the difference between the
ratio of annual averages for two consecutive years is wedged into the
monthly estimates in order to minimize the disturbance to the original
series. Finally, the second-stage estimates are forced into agreement
with CPS annual averages. In the 10 States which use CPS estimates
monthly, no benchmark correction is required, as the average of the
12 monthly State CPS estimates will equal the CPS annual averages.

Seasonal adjustment
Over a course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor force, the
levels of employment and unemployment, and other measures of
labor market activity undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal
events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make it
easier to observe the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the
series. In evaluating changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation
based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a
broader margin of possible error than the original data on which they
are based, since they are subject not only to sampling and other errors
but are also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment
process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and
establishment data are published regularly in Employment and Earnings.
The seasonal adjustment programs used for these series are based
on an adaption of the standard ratio-to-moving average method. They
provide for "moving" adjustment factors to take account of changing
seasonal patterns. A detailed description of the methods is given in the
two publications, BLS Seasonal Factor Method, (1966) and X-ll
Variant of the Census Method II Seasonal Adjustment Program,
Technical Paper No. 15, Bureau of the Census (1967).
Beginning in January 1980, the BLS introduced two major
modifications in the seasonal adjustment methodology for data from
the household survey. First, the data are being seasonally adjusted
with a new procedure called X-11/ARIMA, which was developed at
Statistics Canada as an extension of the existing standard X-ll
method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-ll
ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method, by Estela Bee Dagum,
Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E, September 1979. The X-ll
procedure was originally developed at the Bureau of the Census and
had been used by the BLS to seasonally adjust labor force series since
1973. Tests have shown that use of the X-ll ARIMA procedure,
which essentially places more emphasis on recent data, provides better
seasonal adjustments than does the X-ll method alone.
The second change is that seasonal factors are now being calculated
for use during the first 6 months of the year rather than for the entire
year. In July of each year, the BLS will calculate and publish (in
Employment and Earnings) a new set of seasonal factors for use in the
second half, based on the experience through June. Revisions of
historical data for the most recent 5 years will continue to be made
once a year, at the beginning of each calendar year.

170



All civilian labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well as
the major employment and unemployment estimates, are computed
by aggregating independently adjusted series. For example, for each
of the three major labor force components—agricultural employment,
nonagricultural employment, and unemployment—data for four sexage groups (males and females under and over 20 years of age) are
separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then added to derive
seasonally adjusted total figures. In order to provide seasonally adjusted total employment and civilian labor force estimates, the appropriate series are aggregated. The official unemployment rate for all
civilian workers is derived by dividing the estimate for total unemployment (the sum of 4 seasonally adjusted sex-age components) by the
civilian labor force (the sum of 12 seasonally adjusted sex-age components).
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor force series based on the experience through December 1979, new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate the overall unemployment rate for
the first 6 months of 1980, and a description of the current seasonal
adjustment methodology are published in the January 1980 issue of
Employment and Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the entire 5-year revision period for a broader range of labor force
series appear in the February 1980 issue of this publication. Many additional series, which are either components or aggregates of the series
presented, are available from the BLS upon request.
For establishment data, seasonally adjusted series for all employees,
women employees, production or nonsupervisory workers, hours, and
earnings, are computed using the BLS Seasonal Factor Method.
Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to the component
levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for most of these series are then obtained by taking a weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data
for the component series. Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings
are the product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and
seasonally adjusted weekly hours. Average weekly earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by dividing average
weekly earnings, seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
(CPI-W), and multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsupervisory workers,
seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the 1967 base. For total private,
total goods-producing, total private service-producing, trade,
manufacturing, and durable and nondurable goods industries, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by
summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the 1967 base.

The seasonally adjusted establishment data for Federal Government
are based on a series which excludes the Christmas temporary help
employed by the Postal Service in December. The employment of
these workers constitutes the only significant seasonal change in
Federal Government employment during the winter months. Furthermore, the volume of such employment may change substantially from
year to year because of administrative decisions by the Postal Service.
Hence, it was considered desirable to exclude this group from the data
upon which the seasonally adjusted series is based.
For labor turnover rates, seasonal adjustment factors are applied




directly to the component series. These series are then aggregated to
obtain total levels (total accessions and total separations). These factors are derived by the Census X-U Method using the trading day option. As a result, these series are adjusted for the number of times each
day of the week occurs in a given month, as well as for the month of
the year.
The revised seasonally adjusted series for the establishment data
reflect experience through June 1979. Seasonal factors to be used for
current adjustment appear in the October 1979 issue of Employment
and Earnings.

171

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
REGION I - BOSTON
John Fitzgerald Kennedy Federal Bldg.
Government Center Room 1603 A
Boston, Mass. 02203
REGION V - CHICAGO
230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, III. 60604

REGION II - N EW YORK
1515 Broadway—Suite 3400
New York, N.Y. 10036

REGION VI - DALLAS
555 Griffin Sq., 2nd Fl.
Dallas, Tex. 75202

REGION III -PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street
P.O. Box 13309 (Zip 19101)
Philadelphia, Pa.

REGIONS VII & VIII - KANSAS CITY
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, Mo. 64106

REGION IV - A T L A N T A
1371 Peachtree Street, N.E.
Atlanta, Ga. 30309

REGIONS IX & X -SAN FRANCISCO
450 Golden Gate Avenue, Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102

COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES
State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program (LA US), Current Employment Statistics Program (CES), and
Labor Turnover Statistics Program (LTS)
BLS
Region
IV
X
IX
VI
IX
VIII
I
III
III
l v

ALABAMA
ALASKA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
DIST. OF COL.

IV
IX
X
V
V
VII
VII
IV
VI
I
III
I

FLORIDA
GEORGIA
HAWAII
IDAHO
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS

V
V
IV
VII

MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI

VIM MONTANA
VI!
NEBRASKA
IX NEVADA
I NEW HAMPSHIRE
I! NEWJERSEY
VI NEW MEXICO
II NEWYORK
IV NORTH CAROLINA
VIII NORTH DAKOTA
V OHIO
VI OKLAHOMA
X OREGON
III
I

PENNSYLVANIA

-Department of Industrial Relations, Industrial Relations Building, Room 427 Montgomery 36130
-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 3-7000. Juneau 99802
-Department of Economic Security, P.O. Box 6123, Phoenix 85005
-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 72203
-Employment Development Department, P.O. Box 1679, Sacramento 95808 (CES).
- Division of Employment and Training, 1278 Lincoln Street,
Denver 80203
-Employment Security Division, Labor Department, 200 Folly Brook Boulevard, Wethersfield 06109
-Department of Labor, University Plaza Office Complex, Bldg. D, Chapman Rd.f Route 273, Newark 19713
-Office of Administration and Management Services, D.C. Department of Manpower, Suite 1000,
605 G Street, N. W., Washington 20001
-Department of Labor and Employment Security, Caldwell Building, Tallahassee 32304
- Department of Labor, 254 Washington Street, S.W., Atlanta 30334
-Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, P.O. Box 3680, Honolulu 9681 1
-Department of Employment, P.O, Box 35, Boise 83707
Bureau of Employment Security, 910 South Michigan Street, 15th floor, Chicago 60605
-Employment Security Division, 10 North Senate Avenue, Indianapolis 46204
Department of Job Service, 1000 East Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
Division of Employment, Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka Avenue, Topeka 66603
-Department of Human Resources, 275 E. Main Street, 2nd Floor West, Frankfort 40601
- Department of Labor, P.O. Box 44094-Capito! Station, Baton Rouge 70804
-Employment Security Commission, Department of Manpower Affairs, 20 Union Street, Augusta 04330
Department of Human Resources, 1 100 North Eutaw Street, Baltimore 21201
-Division of Employment Security, Charles F. Hurley Building, Government Center,
Boston 021 14
-Employment Security Commission, 7310 Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
-Department of Economic Security, 390 North Robert Street, Room 517 St. Paul 55101
-Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 1699, Jackson 39205
-Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, P.O. Box 59, Jefferson
City 65101
-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor and Industry, P.O. Box 1 728, Helena 59601
-Division of Employment, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln 68509
-Employment Security Department, P.O. Box 602, Carson City 89713
-Department of Employment Security, 32 South Main Street, Concord 03301
-Department of Labor and Industry, John Fitch Plaza, Room 202, Trenton 08625
Employment Services Division, Department of Human Services, P.O. Box 1928, Alburquerque 87103
-Division of Research and Statistics, N.Y. State Department of Labor. State Campus-Building 12, Albany 12201
-Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 25903, Raleigh 27611
-Employment Security Bureau, P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58505
-Division of Research and Statistics, Bureau of Employment Services, 145 S. Front St., Columbus 43216
-Employment Security Commission, 310 Will Rogers Memorial Office Building, Oklahoma City 731 05
-Employment Division, Department of Human Resources, 875 Union Street, N.E.,
Salem 97311
-Department of Labor and Industry, Seventh and Forster Streets,
Harrisburg 17121

RHODE ISLAND

-Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason Street, Providence 02903

IV
VIII
IV
VI
VIM
I
III

SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VERMONT
VIRGINIA

X
III
V
VIII

WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA
WISCONSIN
WYOMING

-Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 995, Columbia 29202
Department of Labor, P.O. Box 1730, Aberdeen 57401
-Department of Employment Security, Room 519, Cordell Hull Office Building, Nashville 37219
-Employment Commission, TEC Building, 15th and Congress Avenue, Austin 78778
-Department of Employment Security, P.O. Box 1 1249, Salt Lake City 84147
-Department of Employment Security, P.O. Box 488, Montpelier 05602
-Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor and Industry, P.O. Box 12064. Richmond
23241 (CES). Employment Commission, P.O. Box 1358, Richmond 23211 (LAUS and LTS)
Employment Security Department, 1007 South Washington Street, Olympia 98501
-Department of Employment Security, 112 California Avenue, Charleston 25305
-Department of Industry, Labor, and Human Relations, P.O. Box 7944, Madison 53707
-Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 2760, Casper 82601