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Employer Expenditures for Selected
Supplementary Compensation Practices for
Production and Related Workers

Composition of Payroll Hours

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, 1962




Bulletin N o . 1428

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner




E m p lo y e r E x p e n d it u r e s for Se le cte d
S u p p l e m e n t a r y C o m p e n s a t i o n Practices for
P roduction a n d R e la t e d W o r k e r s

C o m p o s i t i o n of P ay roll H ours

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, 1962

Bulletin N o . 1428
April 1965

UNITED STATES DEPART ME NT OF LA B O R
W. Willar d Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR S T A T IS T IC S
Ewan Clague, Commissioner
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price $1









Preface

This study represents the Bureau of Labor Sta­
tistics first re survey of employer expenditures for supple­
mentary compensation. The first study in this series,
1959 expenditures in manufacturing, was followed by sur­
veys of I960 expenditures in the mining industries; 1961
expenditures in the finance, insurance, and real estate
industries; and now by a 1962 manufacturing expenditure
study.

Another report in this series was issued on 1962
expenditures in the meatpacking and processing industries.
That study was conducted within the framework of this
broader survey, and in this bulletin the information c o l­
lected from meatpackers and processors has been com ­
bined with data for the food and kindred products industry.

This study was conducted in the Bureau’ s Divi­
sion of National Wage and Salary Income, by Norman J.
Samuels, Chief of the Division, under the general direction
of L. R. Linsenmayer, Assistant Commissioner for Wages
and Industrial Relations. The statistical and sampling tech­
niques were developed by Samuel E. Cohen and Theodore J.
Golonka. The analysis was prepared by Arnold Strasser,
assisted by Harlan F. Edmonds and Robert E. Pope.

iii




Contents
Page

Chapter 1. Introduction and sum m ary _______________________________________
Introduction _________________________________________________________________
F ram ew ork of the analysis ------------------------------------------------------------------------1962 expenditures __________________________________________________________
A ll establishm ents _____________________________________________________
P re v a le n ce ______________________________________________________________
Establishm ents with expenditures _____________________________________

1
1
3
4
4
6
6

Chapter 2. Paid leave -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total paid leave ____________________________________________________________
Vacations ___________________________________________________________________
Paid holidays _______________________________________________________________
Paid sick leave ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Other paid leave ___________________________________________________________

11
11
13
14
15
16

Chapter 3, P rem ium payments --------------------------------------------------------------------Total prem ium payments ---------------------------------------------------------------------------O vertim e, weekend, and holiday w ork prem ium s _______________________
Shift d ifferen tials __________________________________________________________

25
25
27
27

Chapter 4. Yearend, C hristm as, andother irreg u la r bonuses -------------------Bonuses ______________________________________________________________________

36
36

Chapter 5. L egally required insurance p rogram s __________________________
Total legally required insurance
-----------------------------------------------------------S ocial secu rity --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Unem ploym ent com pensation ______________________________________________
W orkm en's com pensation __________________________________________________
Other legally required insurance program s ______________________________

40
40
42
42
43
44

Chapter 6. P rivate w elfare plans -----------------------------------------------------------------T otal private w elfare ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------L ife, a ccident, and health insurance _____________________________________
Pension and retirem ent plans ____________________________________________
Vacation and holiday funds ________________________________________________
Severance o r d ism issa l pay and supplemental
unem ployment benefits ___________________________________________________
Savings and thrift plans ___________________________________________________

52
52
54
56
57
58
60

Chapter 7. Variations in expenditures by selected
establishm ent ch a ra cteristics _______________________________________________
Hourly earnings groups -----------------------------------------------------------------------------Size of establishm ent ______________________________________________________
Union status ________________________________________________________________
Plant location ______________________________________________________________

71
71
72
73
74




v

Contents— Continued
Page

Chapter 8. 1959 and 1962 com parison s -------------------------------------------------------Introduction --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Paid leave ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P rem iu m payments --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------L egally requ ired insurance p rogra m s -----------------------------------------------------P rivate w elfa re plans ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

79
79
81
84
85
86

Chapter 9. C om position of p a y roll hours ----------------------------------------------------1962 hours paid fo r -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Summary --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Paid leave hours -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1962—59 com p a rison -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

97
97
97
97
100

Charts:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

6.
7.
8.

9.

10.

E m ployer expenditures per plant hour fo r selected
supplem entary com pensation p r a c tic e s ,
m anufacturing industries, 1959 and 1962 -----------------------------------------E m ployer expenditures fo r selected
supplem entary com pensation p r a c tic e s ,
m anufacturing industries,
1962 ____________________________________
E m ployer expenditures fo r paid leave,
manufacturing industries, 1962 --------------------------------------------------------E m ployer expenditures fo r prem ium paym ents,
m anufacturing industries,
1962 -----------------------------------------------------E m p lo y e r e x p e n d itu r e s

5
12
26

f o r le g a lly

requ ired insurance p ro g ra m s, m anufacturing
in du stries, 1962 ______________________________________________________
E m ployer expenditures fo r private
w elfare plans, manufacturing
in dustries, 1962 ______________________________________________________
E m ployer expenditures fo r selected
supplem entary com pensation p r a c tic e s,
m anufacturing industries, 1959 and 1962 _____________________________
P e rce n t change in em ployer expenditures
p er plant hour fo r selected supplem entary
com pensation p r a c tic e s, manufacturing
in du stries, 1959—62 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------P rodu ction and related w o rk e rs ' plant
and paid leave hours as a prop ortion
of total hours paid fo r , by manufacturing
industry group, 1962 ________________________________________________
P roduction and related w o rk e rs' paid leave hours
as a p ercent of total hours paid fo r , m anufacturing
indu stries, 1958, 1959, and 1962 __________________________________




2

vi

41
53
80

82

98
101

Contents— Continued
Page
T a b le s :

Introduction and sum m ary:
1.

2.

3.

4.

E m ployer expenditures fo r selected supplem entary
com pensation p ra ctice s fo r production and
related w ork ers in the manufacturing
in du stries, by region, 1962 ______________________________________
E m ployer expenditures for selected supplem entary
com pensation p ra ctice s fo r production and
related w ork ers in the m anufacturing
in dustries, by industry group, 1962 ____________________________
E m ployer expenditures fo r selected supplem entary co m ­
pensation p ra ctice s fo r production and related w ork ers
in m anufacturing industry establishm ents with
expenditures fo r the p ra ctic e , by region, 1962 __________________
E m ployer expenditures fo r selected supplem entary
com pensation p ra ctice s fo r production and related
w ork ers in manufacturing industry establishm ents
with expenditures fo r the p ra ctic e ,
by industry group, 1962 ---------------------------------------------------------------

7

8

9

10

Paid leave:
5.
6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

E m ployer expenditures fo r paid leave fo r production
and related w ork ers in the manufacturing
in dustries, by industry group, 1962 ____________________________
E m ployer expenditures fo r paid leave fo r production
and related w ork ers in m anufacturing industry
establishm ents with expenditures fo r the
p ra ctic e , by industry group, 1962 ______________________________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r paid leave as a p ercen t
of g ro ss p a y roll, by region and m anufacturing
industry group, 1962 -------------------------------------------------------------------D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r paid vacations as a
p ercen t of g ro ss p a y roll, by region and
m anufacturing industry group,
1962 -----------------------------------------D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r paid holidays as a
percen t of g ro ss p a y roll, by region and
m anufacturing industry group,
1962 ____________________________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r paid leave in cents
p er hour paid fo r , by region and manufacturing
industry group, 1962 --------------------------------------------------------------------




vii

17

18

19

20

21

22

Contents— Continued

Page
T a b le s — C ontinued

P aid leave— Continued
11.

12.

D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r paid vacations in cents
p e r hour paid fo r , by region and manufacturing
industry group, 1962 -------------------------------------------------------------------D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r paid holidays in cents
p e r hour paid fo r , by region and m anufacturing
industry group, 1962 _____________________________________________

23

24

P rem iu m paym ents:
13.
14.

15.
16.

17.
18.

19.

E m ployer expenditures fo r prem ium payments fo r p r o ­
duction and related w ork ers in the m anufacturing
in du stries, by industry group, 1962 ____________________________
E m ployer expenditures fo r prem ium payments fo r
production and related w ork ers in m anufacturing
industry establishm ents with expenditures fo r
the p ra ctic e , by industry group, 1962 __________________________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by em ployer
expenditures fo r prem ium payments as a percen t of g ro ss
p a y roll, by region and manufacturing industry group, 1962 ____
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by em ployer
expenditures fo r ov ertim e, w eekend, and holiday w ork
prem ium s as a p ercen t of g ro s s p a y roll, by region and
m anufacturing industry group, 1962 ______________________________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by em ployer
expenditures fo r prem ium payments in cents p er hour paid
fo r , by region and manufacturing industry group, 1962 ________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by em ployer
expenditures fo r ov ertim e, weekend, and holiday w ork
prem ium s in cents p er hour paid fo r , by region and
m anufacturing industry group, 1962 ______________________________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by em ployer
expenditures fo r shift d ifferen tials in cents p er hour paid
fo r , by region and m anufacturing industry group, 1962 _________

29

30
31

32
33

34
35

Yearend, Christm as, and other irreg u la r bonuses:
20.

E m ployer expenditures fo r yearend, C hristm as, and other
irreg u la r bonuses fo r production and related w ork ers
in m anufacturing industry establishm ents and in
establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p ra ctic e ,
by industry group, 1962 -----------------------------------------------------------------




viii

37

Contents— Continued
Page
T a b le s — Continued

Yearend, C hristm as, and other irreg u la r bonuses— Continued
21.

22.

D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r yearend, C hristm as,
and other irreg u la r bonuses as a percen t of
g ro s s p a y roll, by region and manufacturing
industry group, 1962 -------------------------------------------------------------------D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r yearend, C hristm as,
and other irreg u la r bonuses in cents p e r hour
paid fo r , by region and manufacturing
industry group, 1962 --------------------------------------------------------------------

38

39

L egally requ ired insurance p rog ra m s:
23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

E m ployer expenditures fo r lega lly required
insurance p rogram s fo r production and related
w ork ers in the m anufacturing industries,
by industry group, 1962 --------------------------------------------------------------D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r lega lly required insurance
p rogra m s as a percen t of g ro ss p a y roll, by region and
m anufacturing industry group, 1962 -------------------------------------------D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r unem ploym ent com pensation
as a percen t of g ross p a y roll, by region and
m anufacturing industry group, 1962 -------------------------------------------D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r w ork m en's com pensation
as a percen t of g ro ss p a y roll, by region and
m anufacturing industry group, 1962 -------------------------------------------D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r legally required insurance
p rogra m s in cents p er hour paid fo r , by region and
m anufacturing industry group, 1962 -------------------------------------------D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r unem ploym ent com pensation
in cents p er hour paid fo r , by region and
m anufacturing industry group, 1962 -------------------------------------------D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r w ork m en's com pensation
in cents p er hour paid fo r , by region and
m anufacturing industry group, 1962 --------------------------------------------




ix

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

Contents— Continued
Page
T a b le s — Continued

P riva te w elfa re plans:
30.
31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

39.

E m ployer expenditures fo r private w elfare plans fo r
production and related w ork ers in the m anufacturing
in d u stries, by industry group, 1962 ______________________________
E m ployer expenditures fo r private w elfa re plans fo r
production and related w ork ers in m anufacturing
industry establishm ents with expenditures fo r
the p ra ctice , by industry group, 1962 _________________________
E m ployer expenditures fo r life, accident, and health
insurance fo r production and related w ork ers in
m anufacturing industry establishm ents with expendi­
tures fo r the p ra ctic e , by type of contribution,
region, and industry group, 1962 _______________________________
E m ployer expenditures fo r pension and retirem en t plans
fo r production and related w ork ers in manufacturing
industry establishm ents with expenditures fo r the
p ra ctic e , by type of contribution, region, and
industry group, 1962 _____________________________________________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r private w elfa re plans
as a p ercen t of g ross p a y roll, by region and
m anufacturing industry group, 1962 _____________________________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r life , accident, and
health insurance as a percen t of g ro ss
p a y roll, by region and m anufacturing
industry group, 1962 _____________________________________________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by em ployer
expenditures fo r pension and retirem ent plans as a
p ercen t of g ro ss p a y roll, by region and manufacturing
industry group, 1962 _____________________________________________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r private w elfare plans
in cents p er hour paid fo r , by region and
m anufacturing industry group,
1962 ____________________________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r life , accident, and
health insurance in cents p er hour paid fo r ,
by region and m anufacturing
industry group, 1962 _____________________________________________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by
em ployer expenditures fo r pension and retirem ent
plans in cents p er hour paid fo r , by region and
m anufacturing industry group, 1962 _____________________________




x

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

Contents— Continued
Page
T a ble s— C ontinued

Variations in expenditures by selected establishm ent ch a ra cte ristics:
40.

41.

42.

43.

E m ployer expenditures for selected supplem entary com pensation
p ra ctice s fo r production and related w ork ers in m anufacturing
industry establishm ents with expenditures for the p ra ctice,
by hourly earnings group, 1962 _____________________________________
E m ployer expenditures for selected supplem entary com pensation
p ra ctice s for production and related w ork ers in manufacturing
industry establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p ra ctice,
by establishm ent size group, 1962 __________________________________
E m ployer expenditures for selected supplem entary com pensation
p ra ctice s fo r production and related w ork ers in manufacturing
industry establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p ra ctice,
by union status, 1962------------------------------------------------------------------------E m ployer expenditures for selected supplem entary com pensation
p ra ctice s fo r production and related w ork ers in manufacturing
industry establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p ra ctice,
by m etropolitan and nonm etropolitan area location, 1962 --------------

75

76

77

78

1962 and 1959 c o m p a r i s o n s :

44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.

50.

51.

E m ployer expenditures for selected supplem entary com pensation
p ra ctices fo r production and related w ork ers in the manufacturing
in dustries, by region, 1962 and 1959_______________________________
E m ployer expenditures for selected supplem entary com pensation
p ra ctices fo r production and related w ork ers in the m anufacturing
in dustries, by industry group, 1962 and 1959______________________
E m ployer expenditures for selected supplem entary com pensation
p ra ctices fo r production and related w ork ers in the m anufacturing
in dustries, by hourly earnings group, 1962 and 1959---------------------E m ployer expenditures fo r selected supplem entary com pensation
p ra ctices fo r production and related w ork ers in the m anufacturing
industries, by size group, 1962 and 1959___________________________
E m ployer expenditures fo r selected supplem entary com pensation
p ra ctice s fo r production and related w ork ers in the manufacturing
industries, by union status, 1962 and 1959 -------------------------------------E m ployer expenditures for selected supplem entary com pensation
p ra ctices fo r production and related w ork ers in the m anufacturing
in dustries, by m etropolitan and nonm etropolitan area
location, 1962 and 1959---------------------------------------------------------------------E m ployer expenditures for paid leave fo r production and related
w ork ers in m anufacturing industry establishm ents with
expenditures fo r the p ra ctice, by region and industry
group, 1962 and 1959------------------------------------------------------------------------E m ployer expenditures fo r private w elfa re plans fo r production
and related w ork ers in m anufacturing industry establishm ents
with expenditures fo r the p ra ctice , by region and industry
group, 1962 and 1959— —-------------------------------------------------------------------




xi

89
90
91
92

93

94

95

96

Contents— Continued
Page
T a b le s — Continued

C om position of p a yroll hours:
52.
53.

54.

55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.

62.

D istribution of paid hours fo r production and related w ork ers
in the m anufacturing industries, by region and industry
group, 1962 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------Plant hours and paid leave hours as a percen t of total paid
hours fo r production and related w ork ers in the
m anufacturing industries, by establishm ent size
group, region, and industry group, 1962_____________________
Plant hours and paid leave hours as a percen t of total paid
hours fo r production and related w ork ers in the
m anufacturing industries, by union status,
region, and industry group, 1962 ____________________________
D istribution of production and related w ork ers by paid leave
hours as a percen t of total paid hours, by region and
m anufacturing industry group, 1962 __________________________
D istribution o f production and related w ork ers by paid
vacation hours as a percent of total paid hours, by
region and m anufacturing industry group, 1962 _____________
D istribution o f production and related w ork ers by paid
holiday hours as a percent of total paid h ou rs, by
region and m anufacturing industry group, 1962 -------------------D istribution of production and related w ork ers by number
o f holidays paid fo r , by region and m anufacturing
industry group, 1962 --------------------------------------------------------------D istribution o f production and related w ork ers receivin g
vacation pay, by number of weeks paid fo r, by region
and m anufacturing industry group, 1962--------------------------------D istribution o f paid hours fo r production and related
w ork ers in the m anufacturing industries, by region
and industry group, 1962 and 1959 ___________________________
Plant hours and paid leave hours as a percen t o f total paid
hours fo r production and related w ork ers in the
m anufacturing industries, by establishm ent size
group, region, and industry group, 1962 and 1959____________
Plant hours and paid leave hours as a percen t of total paid
hours for production and related w ork ers in the
m anufacturing industries, by union status, region,
and industry group, 1962 and 1959____________________________

104

105

106
107
108
109
110

111
112

113

114

Appendixe s :
A.
B.

Scope and method o f s u r v e y -------------------------------------------------------------Q uestionnaire ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------




xii

115
119

Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary Compensation
Practices; and Composition of Payroll Hours

Manufacturing Industries, 1962
Chapter 1. Introduction and Summary
Introduction
During 1962, em p loyers in the Nation's m anufacturing industries had e x ­
penditures fo r selected supplem entary com pensation p ra ctices that amounted to
57 cents fo r e very hour spent in the plant by production and related w ork ers. In
1959, such expenditures among all m anufacturing establishm ents amounted to a p ­
proxim ately 48 cents per plant h o u r .1 (See chart 1.)
The 18-percen t in crease in expenditures fo r the selected supplements
studied is substantially greater than the relative in crea se in the average hourly
earnings of production w ork ers, as reported by the Bureau of Labor S tatistics,
fo r the same period. *2 S im ilar d ifferen ces in the rate of in crease between e m ­
ployer expenditures for supplem entary com pensation and b asic wages w ere found
in all of the industries for which data w ere available. This d ifferen ce in r e la ­
tive m ovem ent em phasizes the increasing im portance of supplements in the wage
structure in the N ation's manufacturing industries.
The structure of em ployer expenditures fo r the selected supplements
changed between 1959 and 1962.
In 1959, those supplements which com p rised
part of payroll (leave, prem iu m s, and bonuses) accounted fo r m ore than half the
expenditures. 3 In 1962, m ore than half the expenditures w ere for legally required
insurance p rogram s and private w elfare plans that provided fa ctory w ork ers in the
m anufacturing industries with life , a ccident, and health insurance, private pen­
sion s, so cia l secu rity , and unemployment benefits, among other benefits.
The greatest relative in crea se in cents per plant hour expenditures,
38.3 percen t, was fo r the legally requ ired insurance p r o g r a m s ,4 and the next
la rg est in cre a se , 18.8 percent, was fo r private w elfare plans. Payments to the
w ork ers for ov ertim e, weekend, holiday, and sh ift-w ork prem ium s in creased
least— 4. 9 percent; leave payments rose by 7. 7 percent. A s a percent of straighttim e p a y r o ll,5 em ployer expenditures fo r the lega lly requ ired insurance program s
* Plant hours are defined as aggregate hours paid for during the year minus leave hours.
^ The gross average hourly earnings o f production and related workers in all manufacturing rose 9.1 percent
from $2.19 per hour in 1959 to $2 .39 in 1962. Employment and Earnings Statistics for the United States, 1909-62
(BLS Bulletin 1312-1, 1963).
3 Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary Remuneration Practices for Production Workers in Manu­
facturing Industries, 1959 (BLS Bulletin 1308, 1962).
4 The greatest increase, 50 percent— from 1 .2 to 1. 8 cents per plant hour, was actually noted in expenditures
for nonproduction bonuses. Part o f this increase, however, is reflective of a change in the definitions used in 1959
and 1962. In 1959, payments for bonuses which were primarily made under profit-sharing plans were excluded; these
payments were included in 1962.
The extent o f the impact o f this change in definition cannot be measured.
® Straight-time payroll is defined as gross payroll for production and related workers minus premium payments
for overtime, weekend, holiday, and shift work.
Throughout this report, expenditures expressed as cents per plant hour, and as a percent o f straight-time payroll
have been used for purposes o f year-to-year comparisons. Comparisons based on these measures, since they respec­
tively exclude the leave tim e, and premium expenditure variables, are considered to be more representative o f the
actual movement than expenditures expressed either in cents per hour paid for, or as a percent o f gross payroll.




1

2

Chart 1. Employer Expenditures Per Plant Hour for Selected
Supplementary Compensation Practices, Manufacturing
Industries, 1959 and 1962
Production and Related Workers

C ents

0

Total

L e g a lly
and

req u ire d

in su ran ce

p rivate w e lfa re

program s,

p la n s - — —

Leave, p re m iu m s, an d

—

bonuses — <

T ota l

L e g a lly
and

re q u ire d

p rivate

Leave,

p re m iu m s,




in su ran ce

w e lfa re

program s,

p l a n s 1— ”

and

bonuses

”

10

20

per p la n t h o u r

30

40

50

60

3
and private w elfare plans r o s e , while leave and prem ium payments declined
slightly. This change in the structure of em ployer expenditures fo r the selected
supplem ents, while m o re likely indicative of the ch oices available to labor and
m anagement than of a trend, does indicate that during the 1959—62 p eriod , health
and w elfare benefits had been strengthened and extended. 6 The im provem ent of
the health and w elfare p rog ra m s, h ow ever, was not n e ce s s a rily at the expense of
the supplem ents paid d irectly to the w ork ers. In this connection, an examination of
the com p osition of pa yroll hours shows that paid leave tim e, the la rgest d irect
pa yroll supplement, represen ted the same prop ortion of total hours paid fo r in
1962 as in 1959.
The in crea sed expenditure fo r private w elfare plans, in addition to the
la rge in cre a se in expenditures fo r the legally requ ired insurance program s which
in the m ain p rovide like types of benefits, indicates the im portance placed on
health and w elfare p rogram s by both labor and m anagem ent. E m ployer expendi­
tu res fo r the private plans providing production w ork ers with life , a ccident, and
health in surance, and pension and retirem ent benefits in crea sed by 2. 3 cents per
plant hour— an amount equal to m ore than half of the in crea sed expenditure per
plant hour fo r the lega lly required p rogram s— m ost of which (1 .9 cents) was fo r
insurance providing production w ork ers with life , a ccident, and health coverage
not provided as a m atter of right under the lega lly requ ired p rog ra m s, and the
balance (0 .4 cents) was fo r private pensions which supplement the retirem ent in ­
com e p ro v isio n s of the socia l secu rity program . The im portance placed on life ,
accid en t, and health insurance is dem onstrated by the 38-p ercen t in crea se in e m ­
p loyer expenditures per plant hour— a grea ter in crea se in cents than fo r any other
supplement studied not mandated by law, and exceeded only by expenditures fo r
unem ploym ent com pensation which ro se by 2 cents per plant hour or alm ost
60 p ercen t. 7
F ram ew ork of the A nalysis
The four types of ratios used in this rep ort (expenditures as a percent
of g ro s s pa yroll; as a percent of straight-tim e p a yroll; in cents per hour paid
fo r ; and in cents per plant h o u r 8) are presented fo r all establishm ents, includ­
ing those without an expenditure fo r the p ra ctice , as w ell as separately fo r e s ­
tablishm ents that actually had an expenditure fo r the p ra ctice during the survey
y e a r.
The data fo r all establishm ents a re particu larly useful fo r com pa rison s
with other regu la rly published data which generally relate to total industry e m ­
ploym ent, h ou rs, and earnings.
The data fo r establishm ents with expenditures
fo r a p ra ctice a re useful in making com p a rison s among those establishm ents,
and may be com pared by m anufacturers with the expenditure level in their own
e stablishm ent s .
Total expenditures as a percent of payroll a re not shown in this report.
Paym ents fo r lea ve, bonuses, and prem ium s a re integral parts of p ayroll and
would a lso be b a sic com ponents of the num erator (expenditures fo r the supple­
m entary p ra ctice s studied).
Hence, such totaling would double count the same
values. H ow ever, such double counting is not a fa ctor in aggregating the expendi­
tu res m easu red in cents per plant hour, since fo r each hour that production and
related w ork ers spent at the plant, em p loyers actually made payments fo r the
supplem ents studied in addition to the b a sic pay fo r the h ou r’ s w ork.

6
Pension
surance
7
8

For further information about the changes in health and welfare benefits, see "Recent Changes in Negotiated
Plans,11 Monthly Labor Review , May 1962, pp. 528-532, and "R ecent Changes in Negotiated Health and In­
Plans," Monthly Labor Review , September 1962, pp. 1015-1018.
BLS Bulletin 1308, op. c i t . , footnote 3.
See appendix A for a description o f the procedure used in deriving these measures.




4
Neither the p ercen t nor the cent ratios fo r establishm ents with expendi­
tures can be totaled becau se the base (or denom inator) fo r each item was changed
fo r the com putation of each ra tio.
The ratios fo r all establishm ents are generally low er than those fo r e s ­
tablishm ents with expenditures, the differen ce depending on the p rop ortion of e s ­
tablishm ents without expenditures and their relative im portance in term s of e m ­
ploym ent size , p a y rolls, and h ou rs.
1962 Expenditures
During 1962, payments to production and related w ork ers, in all manu­
facturing establishm ents, fo r leave tim e co m p rise d the la rg est com ponent of e m ­
p loy er expenditures fo r the supplem entary p ra ctice s studied, with expenditures for
the lega lly requ ired insurance p rogram s and private w elfa re plans, in that o rd e r,
being only slightly low er. P rem ium and bonus payments w ere con sid erab ly low er
than expenditures fo r the other supplements studied (table 1).
The pattern noted above did not, how ever, p rev a il in all o f the industry
groups fo r which 1962 data w ere available (table 2). 9 In som e groups (tob a cco,
p rim a ry m etal, and transportation equipment), the expenditures fo r private w elfare
plans exceed ed expenditures fo r any other supplement studied; in other industry
groups (textiles, lum ber, and paper), prem ium payments w ere higher than leave
paym ents; and in som e industries (textile; apparel; lu m ber; furniture; leath er;
stone, clay, and g la ss; fa b rica ted m etal p rod u cts; and m iscellan eou s m anufac­
turing), expenditures fo r the lega lly required insurance p rogram s w ere higher
than expenditures fo r the other supplements studied.
Other d ifferen ces w ere noted among only those establishm ents that actu­
ally had expenditures for the p ra ctice s during 1962. Am ong such establishm ents,
em ployer expenditures for private w elfa re plans gen erally w ere second only to
leave payments (tables 3 and 4); and among the private plans the relationship of
expenditures fo r pensions and insurances w ere the r e v e r s e o f that found at the
all-estab lish m en t level, that is— among plants with expenditures, payments for pen­
sion plans w ere higher than expenditures fo r life, accident, and health insurance.
A ll E stablish m en ts. In 1962, 10.9 percen t of the g ro ss p ayroll, or
11.3 p ercen t of the stra igh t-tim e pa yroll, fo r production and related w ork ers in
the m anufacturing industries, con sisted of payments fo r leave tim e; prem ium pay
fo r o v ertim e, weekend, holiday, and shift w ork; and yearend, C hristm as, and
other irre g u la r bonuses.
In addition, em ployer paym ents, among all m anufac­
turing establishm ents, fo r legally requ ired insurance p rogram s and private w e l­
fa re plans coverin g the production w ork fo r c e , on the average, equaled 11.2 p e r ­
cent of g ro ss o r 11.7 percen t o f straigh t-tim e p a y roll.
Pay fo r leave, prem ium s, and bonuses amounted to 2 6 .4 cents per hour
paid fo r in 1962 o r 28 cents per plant hour. E m ployer expenditures fo r legally
requ ired insurance p rogram s and private w elfa re plans amounted to an additional
27 cents per hour paid fo r , o r 28.7 cents per plant hour.
In general, em ployer expenditures fo r the selected p ra ctice s studied
tended to be highest in the higher wage, highly unionized plants, and tended to rise
with in cre a se s in size o f establishm ent. H ow ever, fo r the legally requ ired in su r­
ance p rog ra m s, low er wage establishm ents gen erally had a higher le v e l o f expendi­
tu res, relative to pa yroll, but a low er lev el o f expenditures m easu red in cents per
hour than did the higher wage plants. Bonus payments did not follow any defined
9
The 1962 data for the ordnance and accessories, chemicals and allied products, and petroleum refining and
related products industries did not m eet publication criteria. Hence, these industry groups have been excluded from
all comparisons o f expenditures by industry.




5

Chart 2. Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary
Compensation Practices, Manufacturing Industries, 1962
Production and Related Workers
Percent

D IR EC T P A Y M E N T S T O
WORKERS:
P a id

0

1

0

5

ot

gross

3

2

payro ll

4

5

6

l e a v e ------

P r e m i u m s -------

B o n u s e s -----------

PAYMENTS FOR SO CI A L A N D
PRIVATE WELFARE PLANS:
L e g a lly

req u ire d

P rivate

w e lta re

in su ran ce

program s

p l a n s ---------------------------

C ents

DIRECT PAYMENTS TO
WORKERS:
P a id

l e a v e ----------------------------

P r e m i u m s -----------------------------

Bonuses

-------------------------------

PAYMENTS FOR SO CI A L A N D
PRIVATE WELFARE PLANS;
L e ga lly

re q u ire d

Private

w e lfare




in su ran ce

program s

p l a n s ---------------------------

per

hour

p aid

for

10

15

6

wage pattern. E stablishm ents at both ends of the wage spectrum had rela tively
low levels of bonus expenditures, while som e of the establishm ents in the m id ­
range of the wage pattern had com paratively high bonus expenditures.
Expenditures fo r the supplem entary p ra ctic e s studied va ried as a percen t
of p a y ro ll by region . H ow ever, the aggregate expenditures p er plant hour w ere
highest in the North Central region and low est in the South.
P re v a le n ce . 10 A ll of the production and related w ork ers in the Nation's
m anufacturing industries during 1962 w ere cov ered by s o cia l secu rity and a lm ost
all w ere a lso co v e re d by unem ploym ent insurance and w ork m en 's com pensation. In
addition, the vast m a jority of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants that had ex­
penditures fo r som e type of private w elfare plan— usually life, acciden t, and health
in su ran ce, about 90 percen t, and pension and retirem en t plans, about 60 percen t.
Paid leave tim e, p rim a rily vacation and holiday, was provided by estab­
lishm ents that em ployed approxim ately 96 p ercen t of the production and related
w ork e rs, and prem ium payments fo r overtim e, weekend, holiday, and shift w ork
w ere m ade by plants with about 93 percen t of the production em ploym ent. About a
third of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by manufacturing establishm ents that paid
yearend, C h ristm as, o r other irre g u la r bonuses during 1962.
Establishm ents With E xpenditures. Among establishm ents with expendi­
tures fo r the p ra ctic e s studied, leave payments com p rised about 6 percen t; p r e ­
m ium s a lm ost 5 percen t; and bonuses accounted fo r about 2 percen t of the g ro ss
and stra ig h t-tim e p a yrolls of the production w ork fo r c e . In addition, em ployers
with expenditures, paid the equivalent of about 6 percen t of p a y roll fo r the lega lly
requ ired insurance p ro g ra m s, and about the sam e p rop ortion fo r private w elfare
plans.
These payments m easured in cents p er hour paid fo r amounted to about
15 cents fo r leave; 11 cents fo r p rem iu m s; 5 cents fo r bonuses; 14 cents fo r the
lega lly req u ired in su ran ces; and 15 cents fo r private w elfa re plans. M easured in
cents p er plant hour, the expenditures w ere about 1 cent higher fo r all item s ex ­
cept bon u ses, which w ere only 0. 3 cents p e r plant hour higher.
The relationship of one type of expenditure to another in plants with ex ­
penditures, even considerin g the shifting base used in com putation, was quite
sim ila r to that found at the a ll-estab lish m en t level. H ow ever, a re v e r sa l of the
relative im portance in term s of expenditures shown at the a ll-estab lish m en t level
was found in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the life , accident, and health
in su ran ces, and the pension and retirem en t plans. At the a ll-estab lish m en t level,
expenditures fo r the insurances w ere equal to a g rea ter prop ortion of p a y roll than
pension expenditures and amounted to m ore when m easu red in cents. In esta blish ­
ments that actually had expenditures, those fo r pensions w ere about 27 percen t
grea ter on an h ou rly b asis and equaled a grea ter prop ortion of p a yroll than did
expenditures fo r the in su ran ces. This structural d ifferen ce was partly the result
of varying p reva len ce fo r the two p r a c tic e s; establishm ents em ploying about 90 p e r ­
cent of the production fo r c e had expenditures fo r one o r m ore types of insurance,
but only about 60 p ercen t of the w ork ers w ere em ployed in 1962 by plants that
had an expenditure fo r a pension or retirem ent plan.
When data fo r establishm ents with expenditures fo r the supplem entary
p ra ctice s w ere tabulated by region s, the highest level of expenditures was gen­
era lly found in the Northeast fo r leave and bonuses; in the North Central fo r
prem ium s and private w elfare plans; and in the West fo r the legally required
insurance p ro g ra m s.
10 Unless otherwise noted, the percentages used throughout this report apply to all production and related workers
in establishments that actually had an expenditure for the practice, and not the proportion actually receiving the benefit.




Table 1.

E m ployer Expenditures fo r S elected Supplem entary C om pensation P r a c tic e s fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers
in the M anufacturing Industries, by Region, 1962
E m ployer expenditures in all establishm ents by r e g io n 1

Supplem entary com pensation p r a c tic e
United
States
Paid le a v e -----------------------------------------------------------V a ca tio n ---------------------------------------------------------H oliday-----------------------------------------------------------S ic k ----------------------------------------------------------------O th e r 2 -----------------------------------------------------------P rem iu m paym en ts--------------------------------------------O vertim e, w eekend, and holiday w ork -------Shift d iffe r e n t ia ls -----------------------------------------Y earen d, C h ristm a s, and oth er irre g u la r
b o n u s e s ------------------------------------------------------------L ega lly requ ired in su ran ce p r o g r a m s ------------S ocia l s e c u r ity ---------------------------------------------- U nem ploym ent co m p e n s a tio n ----------------------W orkm en 's c o m p e n s a t io n ---------------------------O th e r4------------------------------------------------------------P riv a te w elfa re p la n s----------------------------------------L ife, accid en t, and health in su ra n ce ----------P en sion and retirem en t p la n s ---------------------Vacation and holiday fu n d s --------------------------S everan ce o r d is m is s a l pay and
supplem ental unem ploym ent b e n e f i t s ------Savings and thrift p la n s --------------------------------

P e rce n t o f stra igh t-tim e p a yroll

P e rce n t o f g r o s s p a y ro ll

6 .0
3. 6
2.1
.3
(3)
4 .2
3 .3
.9

N ortheast

South

6 .4
3. 7
2 .4
.3
.1

5. 1
3 .2
1. 6
.3
.1

3 .8
3 .0
.8

4 .3
3 .5
.8

N orth
C entral

W est

United
States

6. 1
3 .7
2 .2
.2
(3)
4 .6
3 .6
1.0

5 .9
3.3
2 .2
.4
(3)
4 .0
3.1
.9

6 .2
3. 7
2 .2
.3
(3)
4 .4
3 .5
.9

N ortheast

South

N orth
Central

West

6 .6
3 .8
2 .5
.3
.1

5. 3
3 .3
1.7
.3
•1
4 .5
3. 7
.8

6 .4
3 .9
2.3
.2
(3)
4 .8
3 .8
1 .0

6. 2
3 .4
2. 3
.4
(3)
4. 1
3 .2
.9

4 .0
3. 1
.9

.7

.9

.6

.6

.5

.7

.9

.6

.7

.6

5 .8
2. 6
2. 1
1.0
(3)
5 .4
2 .7
2 .4
(3)

6. 1
2. 6
2 .4
.9
.1
5 .3
2 .6
2 .3
.1

5 .7
2 .8
1.9
.9
(3)
4 .8
2 .2
2 .3
(3)

5 .3
2 .5
1.9
.9
(3)
6.1
3.1
2. 6
(3)

6 .4
2 .5
2 .3
1.5
( 3)
4. 7
2 .5
2 .0
(3)

6 .0
2 .7
2 .2
1.0
( 3)
5 .7
2 .8
2 .5
(3)

6 .3
2. 7
2 .5
.9
.1
5 .5
2. 7
2 .4
.1

5 .9
2 .9
2 .0
1.0
(3)
5. 1
2 .3
2 .4
(3)

5. 6
2. 7
1.9
.9
(3)
6 .4
3 .2
2. 7
(3)

6. 7
2. 6
2 .4
1. 6
(3)
4 .9
2 .6
2.1
(3)

.3
.1

.2
.1

.2
.1

.4
(3)

.2
(3)

.3
.1

.2
.1

.2
.1

.4
(3)

.2
(3)

Cents p e r hour paid for

Cents p er plant hour

Paid le a v e ---------------------------------------------- -----------—
V a ca tio n ---------------------- ------ ------------ — -----------H oliday------------------------------------------------S i c k ......................
---------O th e r 2 ------------------------------------------------------------

14.5
8 .6
5. 1
.6
.1

15.2
8. 7
5. 7
.7
.1

1 0.4
6 .5
3 .2
.5
.1

15.9
9 .7
5. 6
.5
.1

16.2
9 .0
5 .9
1.2
.1

15.4
9. 1
5 .5
.7
.1

16.2
9 .3
6. 1
.7
.1

10.9
6 .8
3 .4
.6
.1

17.0
10.4
6 .0
.5
.1

17.3
9 .6
6.3
1.2
.1

P rem iu m paym en ts—------------ —--------------------------O v ertim e, w eekend, and holiday w ork-------Shift d iffe r e n t ia ls ------------------------------------------

10. 2
8. 1
2. 1

9 .2
7 .2
2 .0

8 .8
7 .2
1. 6

12.0
9 .4
2 .5

10.8
8 .5
2 .4

10.8
8 .6
2 .3

9 .8
2. 1

9 .3
7. 6
1. 7

12.8
10. 1
2. 7

11.5
9 .0
2 .5

7.7

Y earen d, C h ristm a s, and other irre g u la r
b o n u s e s -----------------------------------------------------------—

1. 7

2 .2

1.3

1.6

1.5

1.8

2 .3

1.3

1.7

L ega lly requ ired in su ran ce p r o g r a m s ------------So c ial s e cu r ity — —---------------------—----------------U nem ploym ent co m p e n s a tio n ----------------------W orkm en 's c o m p e n s a t io n ---------------------------O th e r 4 ..................................................................

13.9
6.3
5.1
2 .4
.1

14. 5
6.3
5 .8
2.1
.3

11.5
5 .7
3 .9
1.9
(3)

17.5
6.9
6.3
4. 2
.1

14.8
6. 7
5 .4
2. 5
.1

15.5
6. 7
6. 2
2 .2
.3

13.1
6.5
5 .7
.1

12.7
6.3
5. 6
.1

4 .5
4 .7
(3)

12.8
6 .8
5 .4
.1

13.9
6.9
6. 1
.1

1 3.6
6 .7
6 .0
.1

12.1
5 .9
4. 1
2 .0
(3)
1 0.4
4. 7
4 .9
(3)

14.8
7. 1
5. 2
2 .5
(3)
16.9
8. 6
7. 1
.1

18. 7

P riv a te w elfa re p la n s----------------------------------------L ife, accid en t, and health in su ran ce----------P en sion and retirem en t p la n s ---------------------Vacation and holiday fu n d s --------------------------S everan ce o r d is m is s a l pay and
supplem ental unem ploym ent ben e fits-------Savings and thrift p la n s --------------------------------

13.9
6. 7
4. 8
2. 3
(3)
15.8
8 .0
6. 7
.1

.6

.5
.1

.4
.3

.4

.7
.1

. 6

.1

.4
.3

1.0
.1

.5
.1

9.9

.9

’ 1

' 1

1.6

7.3
6.7
4. 5
•1
13.6
7.3
5 .8
.1

1 The region s used in this study are:
N ortheast— Connecticut, M aine, M assachusetts, New H am pshire, New J e r s e y , New Y ork, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Verm ont;
South— Alabam a, A rk a n sas, D elaw are, D istrict o f Colum bia, F lorid a, G eorgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, M aryland, M is s is s ip p i, North C arolina, Oklahom a, South C arolina, Ten nessee, Texas,
V irgin ia , and W est V irgin ia ; North Central— Illin ois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, M ichigan, M innesota, M is s o u ri, N ebraska, N orth Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and W isconsin; and W est— Alaska,
A riz on a , C a liforn ia , C olo ra d o , Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New M e xico , O regon , Utah, W ashington, and W yom ing.
2 Includes m ilita r y , ju ry , w itness, voting, and p erson al leave.
3 L ess than 0. 05 p e rce n t o r cents.
4 P rin c ip a lly State te m p o ra ry disability insurance.
N OTE:

B ecau se o f rounding, sums o f individual item s may not equal totals.




<1

Table 2.

00

Em ployer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplem entary Com pensation P r a c tice s fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers
in the Manufacturing Industries, by Industry Group, 1962
E m ployer expenditures in all establishm ents
P e rce n t o f straigh t-tim e p a yroll

P ercen t o f g r o s s payroll
Industry group

All indu^trif»s 1
F ood and kindred products —---- —------- — —
Tobac c o m anufacture s __ ____— _______ _________
T extile m ill produ cts — ----------—-------------------- -—
A p parel and other fin ish ed te xtile produ cts —
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts-------------------------------Furniture and fix tu r e s ----------- ---------------------- —
P aper and a llied products — ---------------- -------- ----Printin g, publishing, and allied in d u strie s-----Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la stics p ro d u cts—
L eather and leath er p rod u cts----------- ------ —
Stone, cla y, and gla ss p r o d u c ts —
- ----------P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ---------------------------------F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c ts ---------------- ----------- ----M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l-------- -------------------E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
supplies------------------------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t------------------------- —-----Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c ts --------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ----------

Paid
leave

P rem ium
payments

Bonuses

L ega lly
requ ired
insurance
program s

P rivate
w elfare
plans

Paid
leave

Prem ium
payments

Bonuses

L ega lly
requ ired
insurance
p rogram s

P rivate
w elfare
plans

6 .0

4. 2

0.7

5 .8

5 .4

6 .2

4 .4

0 .7

6. 0

5 .7

6. 1
5 .8
3 .7
3 .3
3. 1
4 .6
6 .4
6 .6
6. 8
5. 1
5. 5
6 .9
5 .8
6 .0

3 .8
2 .5
4. 0
1. 5
3 .8
3 .0
6 .8
4. 5
5. 0
1.9
5. 1
4. 5
4. 2
4. 1

0 .8
1. 1
.6
.6
.7
.7
.4
.8
.5
.6
.5
.4
1. 1
1.3

5 .9
5. 6
6 .0
6 .7
8 .4
6 .7
5 .4
4 .6
5 .9
7. 0
6. 0
5. 2
6. 5
5. 3

5 .3
7 .9
2 .9
3 .2
2 .7
3. 7
5. 0
4. 0
6. 2
3. 1
5 .2
7 .9
5. 7
5 .4

6 .4
6 .0
3 .8
3 .3
3. 3
4 .8
6 .9
6 .9
7. 1
5. 2
5 .8
7. 2
6. 1
6 .3

4. 0
2 .6
4. 1
1. 5
4. 0
3. 1
7. 3
4 .7
5. 2
1.9
5 .4
4 .7
4 .4
4 .3

0 .9
1. 2
.6
.6
.8
.7
.5
.8
.5
.6
.5
.4
1. 2
1. 3

6. 2
5. 8
6. 2
6 .8
8. 7
7. 0
5. 7
4. 8
6. 2
7. 1
6. 3
5. 4
6 .8
5 .5

5. 5
8. 1
3. 1
3 .2
2. 8
3 .9
5. 4
4. 2
6. 5
3. 2
5. 5
8. 3
5 .9
5 .7

6 .6
6 .6
6 .8
5. 1

4. 0
5 .3
3. 7
2. 7

.5
.3
1.9
1.6

5. 5
5 .4
5. 5
6 .4

5. 1
7. 2
5.7
4. 0

6.
7.
7.
5.

4. 2
5. 6
3 .9
2 .7

.
.
2.
1.

5.
5.
5.
6.

5.
7.
6.
4.

8
0
1
3

5
3
0
6

8
7
7
6

3
6
0
1

Cents per plant hour

Cents per hour paid fo r
A ll industries 1---------------------------------------------

14. 5

10.2

1.7

13.9

13. 1

15.4

10.8

1.8

14. 8

13.9

F ood and kindred p r o d u c ts -------------------------------T o b a c co m anufactures---------------------------------------Textile m ill p r o d u c ts ----------------------------------------Apparel and other fin ish ed textile p rodu cts —
L um ber and w ood p rod u cts--------- ---------------------Furniture and fix tu r e s ---------------------------------------P aper and allied p r o d u c ts ---------------------------------Printin g, publishing, and allied in d u strie s—
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la stics products —
L eather and leath er p rod u cts----------------------------Stone, cla y , and glass p r o d u c ts -----------------------P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ---------------------------------F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s -------------------------------M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l----------------------------E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
suppli ©s
________w. rr.-,-M
-w- 1..,-ri,_____ !»■— _
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t---------------------------------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c ts --------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ---------

14. 1
11.4
6. 4
5. 6
6. 2
9 .3
15.7
19. 1
16.9
9. 1
13.8
21. 1
14. 9
16.3

8 .8
5. 0
6 .9
2. 6
7. 6
5 .9
16. 8
12.9
12. 3
3 .4
12. 8
13.8
10. 6
11. 1

1.9
2. 3
1. 1
1. 0
1 .4
1 .4
1. 1
2. 3
1.2
1. 1
1.2
1.2
2 .9
3 .5

13.7
11.0
10. 4
11. 5
16.6
13. 5
13. 2
13. 2
14.7
12.3
15. 0
15.8
16. 5
14. 4

12. 1
15.6
5. 1
5. 5
5. 3
7. 5
12 .4
11.6
15.3
5 .5
13. 1
24. 2
14 .4
14. 7

15. 0
12. 1
6 .6
5. 8
6 .4
9 .7
16.9
20. 5
18. 1
9 .5
14. 6
22. 7
15. 8
17. 5

9 .3
5. 3
7. 2
2 .6
7. 8
6. 2
18.0
13.9
13.2
3. 5
13. 6
14.9
11.3
11.8

2. 1
2 .4
1. 1
1. 1
1. 5
1. 5
1. 1
2. 5
1.3
1. 2
1. 3
1. 3
3. 1
3 .7

14. 5
11. 7
10. 8
11.9
17. 1
14. 1
14. 2
14. 1
15.8
13. 0
16. 0
17. 0
17. 5
15. 3

12. 8
16. 5
5. 3
5. 7
5 .4
7. 8
13. 3
12. 5
16.4
5. 8
13.9
26. 1
15. 3
15. 7

15.7
19. 0
16. 8
10. 7

9 .7
15. 3
9 .2
5. 6

1 1
.8
4 .8
3. 3

13. 3
15.6
13. 5
13.3

12. 2
2 0.6
14. 2
8. 3

16.9
20. 4
18. 1
11. 3

10.4
16.4
9 .9
5 .9

1.2
.9
5. 1
3. 5

14.
16.
14.
14.

13.0
22. 1
15. 3
8. 8

.

Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s . ch e m ica ls and allied products, and petroleum refining and rela ted products industries not presented separately.




2
8
5
1

Table 3.

E m p loyer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplementary C om pensation P r a c tice s fo r P rodu ction and R elated W orkers in M anufacturing Industry Establishm ents
With Expenditures fo r the P r a c tic e , by Region, 1962
E m ployer expenditures in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p ra ctice by r e g io n 1
P ercen t o f g ro s s payroll

Supplem entary com pen sation practice

P e rce n t o f straigh t-tim e p ayroll

United
States

N ortheast

South

North
C entral

Paid le a v e _______________________________________
V a ca tio n ------- - ._ --------------------_ .
H oliday— ___________ _______________________
S ic k ______. __,______________________________
O th e r1
2---------------------- -----------__ ___ __

6. 1
3 .7
2 .3
.9
. 1

6. 5
3 .8
2. 5
1. 0
.1

5 .4
3. 4
2. 0
1.0
. 1

6.
3.
2.
.
.

2
8
2
8
1

6. 1
3. 5
2 .3
1. 0
. 1

6 .4
3 .9
2. 4
1. 0
.1

6.
4.
2.
1.
.

8
0
6
0
1

P rem iu m paym ents___ _______ __ _ _
_
O vertim e, w eekend, and holiday w ork-------Shift d iffe r e n t ia ls ----- —
_ _____ __ _

4. 5
3 .5
1. 3

4. 2
3. 3
1.3

4. 6
3. 8
1.3

4. 7
3. 7
1. 3

4. 2
3. 3
1. 2

4. 7
3. 7
1 .4

4. 4
3. 5
1.4

Y earend, C h ristm a s, and other irre g u la r
b o n u s e s ____ — __
_ _____
__ _ . . . . . . .

2 .2

2. 5

1.8

2. 1

2. 1

2 .3

L ega lly req u ired insurance p r o g r a m s ------------S ocial s e c u r ity .
_ ____ . . .
. . .
U nem ploym ent c o m p en s a tio n ------------- --------W ork m en 's com pen sation _________
O th e r 3. . ......................................................................

5. 8
2 .6
2. 1
1. 0
.3

6. 1
2. 6
2. 5
.9
.4

5.7
2 .8
1.9
1. 0
(4)

5. 3
2. 5
1.9
.9
. 1

6 .4
2 .5
2 .3
1.6
.5

6.
2.
2.
1.
.

0
7
2
0
3

P rivate w elfa re plans___ ________ _____ L ife , accid en t, and health in su ran ce----------P en sion and retirem en t p la n s ------------------—
V acation and holiday fu n d s ______________ ___
S everan ce o r d is m is s a l pay and
supplem ental unem ploym ent
ben efits — . . . __ ______ __________ ._
Savings and thrift p la n s -----------. . . ___________

5 .9
2 .9
3. 5
1.9

5. 8
2 .9
3. 5
2. 1

5. 3
2 .4
3.7
(4)

6. 3
3. 2
3 .6
(4)

5.3
2 .8
2 .9
(4)

6.
3.
3.
2.

1
1
7
0

.9
1.2

.8
1. 0

.9
1. 8

1. 1
.9

.7
(4)

1. 0
1. 3

W est

United
States

N orth
C entral

West

5. 6
3 .6
2. 1
1. 0
.1

6. 5
4. 0
2 .3
.9
. 1

6 .4
3. 6
2 .4
1. 0
.1

4 .8
3 .9
1 .4

4 .9
3 .9
1.3

4. 4
3. 5
1. 3

2 .6

1.9

2. 1

2. 2

6. 3
2 .8
2. 6
.9
.4

5 .9
2 .9
2. 0
1. 0
(4)

5. 6
2 .7
1.9
.9
. 1

6. 7
2 .6
2 .4
1.6
.6

6. 1
3. 1
3 .6
2. 1

5. 6
2 .6
3 .9
(4)

6 .6
3 .4
3. 8
(4)

5. 5
3. 0
3. 1
(4)

.9
1.0

.9
1.9

1. 2
1. 0

.7
(4)

N ortheast

Cents per hour paid fo r

South

Cents per plant hour

Paid le a v e _______________________________________
V a ca tio n ------- — ...
H oliday----------- — - . . .
. . . ___ . . .
S ic k ____________ ___ ,__„_____________________
Other 2.....................................................................

15. 0
9. 1
5.7
2. 5
.3

15.7
9. 2
6. 0
2. 5
.3

11.3
7 .2
4 .6
2 .6
.3

16. 1
9 .9
5 .8
2. 2
.3

17. 0
9. 6
6 .4
2 .8
.3

16. 0
9 .7
6. 1
2 .7
.3

16. 8
9 .9
6 .4
2. 7
.3

11.9
7. 6
4 .9
2. 8
.3

17.
10.
6.
2.
.

2
6
2
4
3

18. 1
10. 2
6 .9
3. 0
.3

P rem iu m paym ents- - _
______ — _ . . ._
O vertim e, w eekend, and holiday w ork-------Shift d ifferen tia ls . . . .

10.9
8.7
3 .4

10.3
8. 1
3 .4

9 .5
7 .8
3. 1

12.4
9 .8
3. 5

11. 4
9 .0
3. 6

11.6
9. 3
3. 7

11. 0
8. 7
3 .7

10. 0
8. 2
3. 3

13. 2
10. 5
3. 8

12. 2
9. 6
3 .9

Yearen d, C h ristm a s, and other irre g u la r
bonu ses —
___ . . . . . . .

4 .9

5 .7

3 .4

5 .0

5. 7

5. 2

6. 1

3. 5

L e g a lly req u ired in su ran ce p r o g r a m s __ ______
S ocia l s e c u r ity .
___ __ —
.
__
U nem ploym ent co m p e n s a tio n ------------------ ----W ork m en 's com p en sa tion .
_ _
Other 3-------------------------------------------------------------

13.9
6 .4
5. 1
2 .4
.8

14. 5
6 .3
5 .9
2. 1
.9

11.5
5.7
3 .9
2. 0
<4)

13.9
6 .7
4 .8
2 .4
.2

17. 5
6 .9
6 .3
4 .3
1.5

14.8
6. 8
5. 5
2 .5
.8

15. 5
6 .8
6 .3
2 .3
1. 0

12. 1
5 .9
4. 1
2. 1
(4)

14.
7.
5.
2.
.

8
1
2
5
2

18.7
7 .3
6.7
4 .6
1. 6

P rivate w elfare plans------- — ________________ ___
L ife , a ccid en t, and health insurance— —
P en sion and retirem en t plans — __
Vacation and h olid ay fu n d s --------------------------Severan ce or d is m is s a l pay and
supplem ental unem ploym ent
ben efits — __ __
_________ _. ._ .
Savings and thrift p la n s ______ . . . .
. .

14. 5
7 .3
9 .3
4 .7

14. 3
7. 2
9 .0
4 .4

11.3
5 .2
8 .7
(4)

16. 8
8 .6
10. 1
(4)

14.7
7 .9
8 .4
(4)

15. 5
7 .8
9 .9
4 .9

15. 3
7 .7
9 .7
4. 5

11.9
5. 5
9. 2
(4)

18. 0
9. 2
10. 8
(4)

15. 8
8. 5
9. 1
(4)

2 .7
3 .3

2 .4
2. 7

2 .4
4 .8

3 .4
2. 5

2. 0
(4)

3. 0
3. 6

2. 6
2 .9

2. 7
5. 2

3. 7
2 .7

2. 1
(4)

1
2
3
4

See footnote 1, table 1 fo r definition o f region s. Detail by pra ctice does not add to total becau se o f a change in the base used in com puting each o f the com ponents.
Includes m ilita ry , ju r y , w itness, voting, and personal leave.
P rin cip a lly State tem porary d isability insurance.
Data do not m eet publication c r ite r ia .




5. 2

6. 1

T able 4.

E m p loyer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplementary Com pensation P r a c t ic e s fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers in M anufacturing Industry E stablishm ents
With Expenditures fo r the P r a c t ic e , by Industry Group, 1962

O

E m ployer expenditures in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p r a c tic e
P ercen t of straigh t-tim e p ayroll

P ercen t of g ro s s p a yroll
Industry group
Paid
leave

A ll in du stries 1

A p parel and other fin ish ed textile p ro d u cts _ _

P rin tin g, publishing, and allie d in d u stries
Rubber and m is ce lla n e o u s p la s tic s p ro d u cts _ _
P r im a r y m etal in d u stries
_ - . ------------F a b rica ted m etal produ cts
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l
E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and

_

T ran sp ortation equipm ent
Instrum ents and rela ted p ro d u cts______________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u strie s_______

Prem ium
payments

Bonuses

L ega lly
requ ired
insurance
p ro gra m s

P rivate
w e lfa re
plans

Paid
leave

5.8

5.9

A p parel and other fin ish ed textile p rod u cts _ _
Fu rn iture and fix tu res
P a p er and allied produ cts
P rin tin g, publishing, and allie d in d u s tr ie s ____
Rubber and m is ce lla n e o u s p la s tic s p r o d u c ts ___
T .e a tV ie r a n d l e a t h e r p r n d n r t s

...... .....................

Stone, cla y, and gla ss produ cts
P r im a r y m etal indu stries
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l
E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
supplie s
T ran sp ortation e q u ip m e n t---------------------------------Instrum ents and rela ted products
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in du stries

Includes the ordnance




and a c c e s s o r ie s ,

P rivate
w elfare
plans

Bonuses

6.4

4.7

2.3

6.0

6.1

4.4
2.8
4.2
2.1
4.5
3.3
7.5
5.1
5.4
2.1
5.6
4.7
4.6
4.4

2.4
2.6
1.7
1.4
2.3
1.7
1.6
2.1
2.2
1.3
1.6
2.3
2.8
3.1

6.2
5.8
6.2
6.8
8.7
7.0
5.7
4.8
6.2
7.1
6.3
5.4
6.8
5.5

6.1
8.7
3.3
4.6
4.0
4.5
5.5
4.7
6.7
3.5
5.8
8.4
6.2
6.1

4.3
5.6
4.0
3.2

2.2
1.7
5.0
2.8

5.8
5.7
5.7
6.6

5.5
7.7
6.4
4.9

6.1

4.5

2.2

6.3
6.0
3.8
3.9
3.8
4.9
6.4
6.6
6.8
5.2
5.6
6.9
5.9
6.1

4.2
2.8
4.1
2.1
4.3
3.2
7.0
4.9
5.1
2.1
5.3
4.5
4.4
4.2

2.3
2.6
1.6
1.3
2.2
1.6
1.5
2.0
2.1
1.3
1.5
2.2
2.7
3.0

5.9
5.6
6.0
6.7
8.4
6.7
5.4
4.6
5.9
7.0
6.0
5.2
6.5
5.3

5.9
8.4
3.2
4.5
3.8
4.4
5.1
4.5
6.4
3.4
5.5
8.0
6.0
5.8

6.5
6.2
4.0
4.0
4.0
5.0
6.9
7.0
7.2
5.3
6.0
7.2
6.2
6.3

6.6
6.7
6.8
5.3

4.1
5.3
3.9
3.1

2.1
1.6
4.8
2.7

5.5
5.4
5.5
6.4

5.2
7.3
6.1
4.8

6.8
7.1
7.1
5.5

Cents p e r hour paid fo r
A ll industries 1

L ega lly
requ ired
insurance
p rogram s

P rem ium
paym ents

Cents per plant hour

15.0

10.9

4.9

13.9

14.5

16.0

11.6

5.2

14.8

15.5

14.6
12.1
6.7
6.7
7.9
10.0
15.8
19.3
17.2
9.1
14.3
21.4
15.0
16.4

9.8
5.5
7.1
3.6
8.7
6.4
17.3
14.4
12.8
3.7
13.3
13.9
11.2
11.5

5.2
5.0
2.8
2.2
4.1
3.0
3.6
5.8
4.7
2.2
3.5
6.1
6.5
7.8

13.7
11.0
10.4
11.5
16.6
13.5
13.2
13.2
14.7
12.3
15.0
15.8
16.5
14.4

14.1
17.1
5.6
7.8
8.1
9.0
12.6
13.3
16.2
6.0
14.0
24.5
15.3
15.8

15.6
12.8
6.9
7.0
8.2
10.5
16.9
20.7
18.4
9.6
15.3
22.7
16.0
17.5

10.4
5.9
7.4
3.7
9.0
6.7
18.6
15.4
13.7
3.9
14.2
14.9
11.9
12.2

5.5
5.3
2.9
2.2
4.2
3.2
3.8
6.2
5.0
2.4
3.6
6.5
6.9
8.3

14.5
11.7
10.8
11.9
17.1
14.1
14.2
14.1
15.8
13.0
16.0
17.0
17.5
15.3

15.0
18.2
5.8
8.1
8.5
9.5
13.5
14.3
17.4
6.4
14.9
26.3
16.2
16.9

15.8
19.2
16.9
11.3

9.8
15.3
9.6
6.4

5.0
4.6
12.0
5.5

13.3
15.6
13.5
13.3

12.7
21.0
15.5
10.1

16.9
20.6
18.2
12.0

10.6
16.5
10.3
6.7

5.3
4.9
12.9
5.8

14.2
16.8
14.5
14.1

13.6
22.6
16.7
10.7

ch em icals and allied products, and petroleu m refining and related products industries not p resented separately.

Chapter 2.

Paid Leave

T otal Paid Leave
A ll E stablish m en ts. During 1962, em ployer payments fo r leave accounted
fo r about 6 p ercent of the g ro s s and straigh t-tim e p a yrolls o f production and r e ­
lated w ork ers in the manufacturing industries. (See chart 3 and table 5 .) These
paym ents, amounting to 14.5 cents per hour paid fo r and 15.4 cents per plant
hour, w ere p rin cipally fo r vacation and holiday tim e; payments fo r sick , m ilita ry ,
ju ry , w itn ess, voting, and personal leave of 0 .7 cents per hour paid for and
0. 8 cents per plant hour com p rised the rem aining 5 percent of the total expendi­
tu res fo r leave.
The highest lev el of leave expenditures, among the industries fo r which
data w ere a vailable, was found in prim a ry m etal (about 7 percent of g ro ss and
21 cents per hour paid for) and the low est expenditure level was found in the lu m ­
ber and apparel industries (about 3 percent of g ro s s and approxim ately 6 cents per
hour paid fo r ). Leave payments in on e-h a lf of the in du stries, h ow ever, ranged
fro m 6 to 7 percent of g ro ss p a y ro ll11 and amounted to 14 cents or m ore per
1962 hour paid fo r . 12
In som e manufacturing establishm ents, leave payments fo r production
w ork ers ranged up to 11 percent or m ore of g ro ss p ayroll and m o re than 30 cents
per hour paid fo r . In gen eral, these payments w ere rep orted by the la rg e r, higher
w age, unionized establishm ents in m etropolitan a rea s.
P re v a len ce.
A pproxim ately 96 percent of the production and related
w ork ers w ere em ployed during 1962 by establishm ents that paid fo r one or m ore
types of leave; the prop ortion s ranging, by industry, from about th ree-fou rth s in
lu m ber, and fo u r-fifth s in apparel to substantially all of the w ork ers in a m a jority
of the industries fo r which data a re available (table 7). Am ong the reg ion s, the
p rop ortion of w ork ers in establishm ents with expenditures ranged from 91 percent
in the South to 99 percent in the North Central.
E stablishm ents With E xpenditures. E m ployer expenditures during 1962
among establishm ents that paid fo r one o r m ore types of leave com p rised slightly
m ore than 6 percent of the g ro s s and straight-tim e pa yrolls of the production w ork
fo r c e . These payments amounted to 15 cents per 1962 hour paid fo r or 16 cents

11 For ease o f reading in this and subsequent discussions o f tabulations, the limits o f the class interval are des­
ignated as 4 to 8 percent, 4 to 20 percent, etc. , instead o f using the more precise terminology, 4 and under 8 per­
cent, 4 and under 20 cents, etc.
12 In addition to the payments made directly to the workers for leave tim e, some employers contribute to va­
cation and holiday funds. These funds make payments to the workers for vacation and holiday hours. The hours so
compensated were excluded from the scope o f this study. The payments to the funds were counted as expenditures
for a private welfare plan.
(See ch. 6 . ) However, some establishments, particularly in the primary metal and
fabricated metal industries, voluntarily reported that they were segregating funds to pay for "extended vacations" dur­
ing periods subsequent to 1962.
These monies, equaling about 0 .3 or 0 .4 percent o f the gross production payroll
and amounting to about 1 to 1 .5 cents per 1962 hour paid for, were in addition to direct payments to the workers,
but were not paid into "vacation and holiday funds" as described in the instruction sheet accompanying the survey
questionnaire. (See app. B. ) A ll funds set aside by the plant for use during a future period were outside the scope
o f this study.
Hence, the leave data throughout this report exclude funds placed in "extended vacation" accounts
maintained by the plant.




11

12

Chart 3. Employer Expenditures for Paid Leave,




Manufacturing Industries, 1962
P roduct ion a n d Related W o r k e r s
P e rce n t of g r o s s

2

3

p ayro ll

4

13

per plant hour.
Leave expenditures, among the industries fo r which data a re
available, ranged from a high of 6. 9 percent of g ro s s payroll and 21.1 cents per
hour paid fo r in the p rim a ry m etal industry to a low of 3. 8 percent of g ro ss pay­
ro ll in the textile and lum ber industries, and 6. 7 cents per hour paid fo r in the
textile and apparel industries.
About 60 percent of the production and related w ork ers in plants that
paid fo r leave w ere em ployed by establishm ents in which the payments com p rised
4 to 8 percent of g ro ss payroll and ranged from 4 to 20 cents per 1962 hour
paid fo r (tables 7 and 10).
T here was an observable relationship between the average wage level in
an industry and the distribution of w ork ers in plants that paid fo r leave tim e.
The la rgest concentrations of w ork ers in high wage industries w ere generally
found in the upper half of the distribution; in low wage industries, these w ere
in the low er third of the distribution.
F or exam ple, about th ree-fifth s of the
w ork ers in the p rim a ry m etal industry and about tw o-fifth s of the w ork ers in the
transportation equipment and printing industries w ere em ployed by establishm ents
with leave payments averaging 20 cents or m ore per hour paid fo r; in the textiles
and apparel industries about fou r-fifth s of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by esta b ­
lishm ents in which leave payments averaged le s s than 10 cents per hour paid fo r .
In the tob a cco industry, how ever, the distribution of w ork ers was s ca t­
tered with a low percentage of w ork ers in all establishm ent expenditure intervals
except the 8 to 10 cents and 16 to 18 cents in tervals.
A pproxim ately on e-h alf
of all tob a cco w ork ers w ere em ployed by establishm ents with expenditures of these
m agnitudes; 23 percent in plants with expenditures of 8 to 10 cents and 26 percent
in plants with expenditures of 16 to 18 cents per 1962 hour paid fo r.
M ost of
the w ork ers in the higher interval w ere em ployed by cigarette m anufacturers; the
w ork ers in the low er interval w ere m ostly em ployed by establishm ents m anufac­
turing to b a cco products other than cig a rettes.
By region , the largest clu sters of w ork ers in the North Central and West
w ere em ployed by plants in which leave expenditures com p rised 4 to 8 percent
of g ro s s p ayroll and amounted to 8 to 22 cents per 1962 hour paid fo r; in the
N ortheast, by plants expending 5 to 9 percent and 4 to 20 cents; and in the South,
by establishm ents with leave expenditures that co m p rised under 5 percent of the
g ro ss production payroll and amounted to le s s than 8 cents per 1962 hour paid fo r.
Vacations
A ll E stablishm ents. Am ong all m anufacturing establishm ents, vacation
pay fo r production and related w ork ers com p rised 3. 6 percent of the g ro ss and
3. 7 percent of the 1962 straight-tim e pa yroll.
These payments amounted to
8. 6 cents per hour paid fo r and 9. 1 cents per plant hour.
Am ong the indus­
trie s fo r which data w ere available, vacation expenditures ranged from a high of
4. 6 percent of g ro s s p a yroll and 14 cents per hour paid fo r in the p rim ary m etal
industry, to a low of 1. 7 percent of g ro ss and 2 .9 cents per hour paid fo r in the
apparel industry.
Am ong all m anufacturing establishm ents, expenditures fo r production
w o rk e rs ’ vacations ranged up to 8 percent or m ore of g ro ss payroll (table 8),
and up to 24 cents and over per hour paid fo r (table 11).
P re v a le n ce . A pproxim ately 94 percent of the production and related
w ork ers in m anufacturing w ere em ployed by establishm ents which had expenditures
fo r vacations during 1962 (table 8). About 15 percent of these w ork ers, how ever,




14
w ere not scheduled for vacations and thus re ce iv e d no vacation pay. (See chapter 9.)
In each of the industries fo r which data w ere available, except in apparel and
lu m ber, at least 90 percent of the production and related w ork ers w ere em ployed
by plants which had expenditures fo r 1962 vacation s. In the apparel and lum ber
in d u stries, h ow ever, only 72 percent of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants that
made d irect payments to the w ork ers fo r vacation s. Am ong the reg ion s, the p r o ­
portion of w ork ers in establishm ents with expenditures ranged fro m 90 percent in
the South to 98 percent in the North Central.
Establishm ents With E xpenditures. E m ployer paym ents, fo r production
w o rk e rs' vacation s, among establishm ents with expenditures during 1962, c o m ­
p rise d 3. 7 percent of g ro s s and 3. 9 percent of the straight-tim e pa yroll (table 6).
These payments amounted to 9. 1 cents per hour paid fo r and 9 .7 cents per plant
hour. Am ong the industries fo r w hich data w ere a vailable, vacation expenditures
ranged fro m a high of 4. 6 percent of g ro ss pa yroll and 14 cents per hour paid
fo r in prim a ry m etal industry plants with the expenditure, to a low of 2. 3 percent
of g ro s s and 3. 9 cents in apparel industry plants.
About tw o-th irds of the production and related w ork ers in plants that paid
fo r vacation hours w ere em ployed by establishm ents in which the payments c o m ­
p rise d 2 to 5 percent of g ro s s pa yroll (table 8); and about fo u r-fifth s of the w ork ­
e r s w ere em ployed by plants in which the expenditure ranged fro m 2 to 14 cents
(table 11). Am ong the reg ion s, the distribution of w ork ers in plants with expendi­
tu res gen erally resem b led the distribution of w ork ers in all m anufacturing; how ­
e v e r, in the South, about three-tenths of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants
whose vacation payments amounted to le s s than 2 percent of g ro s s pa yroll and
le s s than 4 cents per hour .paid fo r .
Paid H olidays
A ll E stablishm ents.
During 1962, holiday payments to production and
related w ork ers in all manufacturing com p rised about 2 percent of the g ro s s and
straigh t-tim e p a yrolls and amounted to 5. 1 cents per hour paid fo r or 5. 5 cents
per plant hour. Am ong the industries fo r which data w ere available, holiday e x ­
penditures as a percent of p ayroll w ere highest in the e le c tr ic a l equipment and
instrum ent industries; when m easu red in cents, they w ere highest in the p rim a ry
m etal and transportation equipment in du stries. The low est expenditures, by either
m ea su re, w ere found in the textile, lum ber, and apparel industries.
Am ong all m anufacturing establishm ents, holiday payments ranged up to
5 percent or m ore of g ro ss p a yroll (table 9), and to 14 cents or m ore per hour
paid fo r (table 12). Paym ents w ere gen erally higher in the la r g e r , higher wage,
or unionized establishm ents in m etropolitan a rea s than in the sm a ller, low er wage,
or nonunion establishm ents located in nonm etropolitan a re a s, and d irectly r e ­
fle cts the different pattern of holiday hours paid fo r by plants with differing
ch a ra cte ristics.
(See chapter 9.)
P re v a le n ce . A pproxim ately 89 percent of the production and related
w ork ers in m anufacturing w ere em ployed by establishm ents with expenditures fo r
1962 holiday hours.
At least 80 percent of the production and related w ork ers
in each of the industries fo r which data are available, except th ree, w ere e m ­
ployed by establishm ents that paid fo r holidays; and in a m a jority of the industry
grou p s, at least 90 percent of the w ork ers w ere em ployed in establishm ents with
expenditures. In the textile, lum ber, and apparel in du stries, the proportions w ere
re sp e ctiv e ly 56, 57, and 76 percent. Am ong the reg ion s, the prop ortion of w ork ­
e r s in establishm ents with holiday expenditures ranged fro m 70 percent in the
South to 96 percent in the North Central.




15

Establishm ents With E xpenditures, E m ployer payments fo r holidays,
among establishm ents with expenditures, co m p rised 2. 3 percen t of g ross and
2 .4 p ercen t of the straigh t-tim e p a y roll fo r production and related w o rk e rs. These
payments amounted to 5 .7 cents per hour paid fo r and 6 .1 cents per plant hour.
Am ong the in dustries fo r which data w ere available, holiday payments in plants
with expenditures w ere highest as a p a y roll relative in the e le c tr ic a l equipment
and instrum ents in du stries; and in the p rim a ry m etal and transportation equip­
m ent industries when expenditures w ere m easu red in cents.
About th ree-fifth s of the production w ork ers at the all manufacturing lev el
and fully on e -h a lf in m ost o f the industries fo r which data w ere available w ere
em ployed by establishm ents in which holiday payments com p rised 2 to 3 percent
o f g ro s s p a y roll and amounted to 4 to 8 cents per hour paid fo r .
In addition,
about 10 p ercen t of the w ork ers in all m anufacturing, ranging fro m about 1 p e r ­
cent in to b a cco and textiles to about 20 percen t in se v e ra l industries, w ere e m ­
ployed by plants in which holiday payments accounted fo r at lea st 3 percen t of
p a y roll.
Paid Sick L eave
A ll E stablish m en ts. E m ployer payments fo r sick leave co m p rised 0.3 p e r ­
cent of g ro s s and straigh t-tim e p a y rolls, and amounted to 0 .6 cent p er hour paid
fo r and 0 .7 cent p er plant h ou rs. Am ong the industries fo r which data are availa ­
ble, pay fo r sick tim e ranged fro m a high of 0 .5 percen t of g ro ss p a y roll and
1. 2 cents per hour paid fo r in the instrum ents group, to le ss than 0. 1 percen t
of p a y roll and le s s than 0. 25 cent in se v e ra l of the industries fo r which data are
available.
In general, expenditures fo r sick leave w ere higher in the la rge, high
wage establishm ents in m etropolitan areas than in the sm all, low wage esta b lish ­
m ents loca ted in nonm etropolitan a rea s. Expenditures in plants that had c o l l e c ­
tively bargained agreem ents coverin g a m a jority of the production w ork fo r c e r e p ­
resen ted approxim ately the same p rop ortion of p a y roll as in nonunion plants.
P re v a le n ce . A pproxim ately 25 percen t of the Nation* s production and
related w o rk e rs w ere em ployed by m anufacturers with expenditures fo r sick leave
during 1962.
M ore than 40 percen t o f the w ork ers in the tob acco, food, p rin t­
ing, and instrum ents industries w ere in plants with sick leave expenditures; the
p rop ortion ranged fro m 34 to 4 percen t in the other industries fo r which data w ere
available. By region , about 39 percen t o f the w ork ers in the W est w ere em ployed
by plants with expenditures for sick tim e; the ratios in the other three regions
ranged fro m 25 to 20 p ercen t.
Establishm ents With E xpenditures. E m ployer payments fo r sick tim e,
among establishm ents with expenditures, co m p rise d about 1 percen t of g ross and
straigh t-tim e p a y rolls, and amounted to about 2. 5 cents per hour paid fo r o r per
plant hour. Am ong the industries fo r which data w ere available, sick pay ranged
fro m 1 .3 percen t o f g ro ss p a y roll and 3 .4 cents per hour paid fo r to 0 .4 p e r ­
cent of p a y ro ll and 0 .7 cent per hour.
About th ree-fifth s o f the production and related w ork ers in plants with
expenditures fo r sick leave (15 percen t o f all w ork ers) w ere em ployed by esta b ­
lishm ents in which the expenditures co m p rise d le ss than 1 percent of g ro ss pay­
ro ll, and about nine-tenths of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants in which the
payments co m p rise d le s s than 2 percent o f g r o s s . S im ilarly, the vast m a jority
of w ork ers em ployed by plants that paid fo r sick tim e w orked fo r establishm ents
in which the expenditure amounted to le ss than 4 cents per hour paid fo r, and




16

alm ost all of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants in which the payments amounted
to le s s than 10 cents per hour. The other w ork ers (about 2 percent of the total;
9 percent of those in plants with expenditures) w ere em ployed by plants whose
sick leave payments ranged up to 5 percent or m ore of g ro s s pa yroll.
Other Paid Leave
A ll E stablishm ents. In all m anufacturing, expenditures fo r m ilita ry ,
ju ry , w itness, voting, and person al leave com p rised le s s than 0. 05 percent of
the g ro s s or straigh t-tim e p a y ro lls, and amounted to about 0. 1 cent per hour
paid fo r or per plant hour. Am ong the industries fo r which data w ere available,
these payments ranged up to about 0. 1 percent of p a y roll and approxim ately
0. 2 cent per hour.
P re v a le n ce . A pproxim ately 38 percent of the production and related
w ork ers in m anufacturing w ere em ployed by establishm ents with expenditures for
m ilita ry , ju ry , w itness, voting, and personal leave. By industry, the prevalence
ratios ranged from 60 percent or m ore in prim ary m etal and transportation equip­
ment to le s s than 10 percent in apparel and lum ber. Am ong the region s, about
35 percent of the w ork ers in the South and West and about 40 percent in the N orth­
east and North Central w ere em ployed by establishm ents with expenditures for
m ilita ry , ju ry , w itness, voting, and personal leave.
E stablishm ents With E xpenditures. E m ployer expenditures among esta b ­
lishm ents that paid for m ilita ry , ju ry , w itness, voting, and p erson al leave c o m ­
p rised about 0. 1 percent of the g ro s s and straight-tim e payrolls and amounted to
0. 3 cent per hour paid fo r or per plant hour.
The highest payments (about
0. 2 percent and 0. 5 cent) among establishm ents with expenditures in the indus­
trie s fo r which data w ere available, w ere found in the m achinery and instrum ents
indu stries. A ll other in du stries, except the food, ru bber, furniture, paper, and
e le c tr ic a l equipment groups, had expenditures of 0. 1 percent of p ayroll or le s s ,
and under a quarter of a cent per hour paid fo r . The five industry groups s p e c i­
fied above had expenditures ranging up to about 0 .4 cent per hour paid fo r o r per
plant hour.
A lm ost all production and related w ork ers in establishm ents which paid
fo r these m iscella n eou s types of leave w ere in establishm ents with expenditures
of under 1 percent of g ro ss payroll or under 1 cent per hour paid fo r . Only the
m achinery industry had as many as one-tenth of its production w ork ers in esta b ­
lishm ents with expenditures of 1 cent or m ore per hour paid fo r .
When expenditures by selected establishm ent ch a ra cte ristics w ere m e a s ­
ured separately, the ratios among all establishm ents w ere different from those
fo r the establishm ents that actually had expenditures; the d ifferen ces resulting
fro m the lev el of prevalence among each ch a ra cte ristic group.
Am ong all e s ­
tablishm ents the highest lev el of expenditures w ere found in plants in the la rgest
size group; in the highest third of the wage distribution; and in plants with c o l ­
le ctiv e ly bargained agreem ents coverin g the m a jority of the production w ork fo r c e .
When only plants with expenditures w ere exam ined, how ever, those in the sm allest
size group and nonunion plants tended to have higher expenditures than plants in
other size and union status groups. N everth eless, among the plants that paid for
m ilita ry , ju ry, w itness, voting, and personal lea ve, those in the highest third
of the wage cu rve, and those in m etropolitan a re a s, as among all establishm ents,
tended to have somewhat higher expenditure ratios than other plants. (See chs. 7
and 8. )




Table 5. E m ployer Expenditures fo r P aid Leave fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers in the
M anufacturing Industries, by Industry Group, 1962
E m ployer expenditures in all establishm ents
P e rce n t of g ro s s p ayroll

Industry group
Paid
leave

A ll in d u s tr ie s 1
2_____________________________
F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s _______________ ____
T o b a c co m an ufactures_____ -_____________ __
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s _____________ ____
A pparel and other finished textile p r o d u c t s __
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts-------------------------------Fu rn iture and fix tu r e s ------------------- ------------ --Paper and allied p r o d u c t s ____
___ ____
Printin g, publishing, and allie d industries-----Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s produ cts—
Leather and leather p ro d u cts - — — ___ ___ __
Stone, cla y, and gla ss p r o d u c t s ___-______ -____
P r im a r y m etal in du stries —_________ —------------F a b rica ted m etal produ cts - — ___
________
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l__________________
E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies— — -— ----------------------------- — —
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t—__________________—
Instrum ents and rela ted produ cts — ___________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ____ —

V acations

P e rce n t of straigh t-tim e payroll

H olidays

Sick
leave

Other
paid
leave 1

Paid
leave

V acations

H olidays

Sick
leave

Other
paid
leave 1

6.0

3.6

2.1

0.3

_ (3)

6.2

3.7

2.2

0.3

(3 \

6.1
5.8
3.7
3.3
3.1
4.6
6.4
6.6
6.8
5.1
5.5
6.9
5.8
6.0

3.7
3.4
2.7
1.7
1.9
2.7
4.0
4.0
4.2
2.9
3.5
4.6
3.5
3.5

2.0
2.1
.9
1.5
1.2
1.8
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.2
1.9
2.3
2.3
2.2

0.4
.3
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
.1
.3
.1
(3)
.1
(3)
.1
.3

0.1
(3)
0
(3)
(3)
(3)
.1
(3)
.1
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
.1

6.4
6.0
3.8
3.3
3.3
4.8
6.9
6.9
7.1
5.2
5.8
7.2
6.1
6.3

3.8
3.4
2.8
1.7
2.0
2.8
4.3
4.2
4.4
3.0
3.7
4.8
3.7
3.6

2.1
2.2
1.0
1.6
1.2
1.9
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.2
2.0
2.4
2.4
2.3

0.4
.3
(3)
(3)
(3)
.1
.1
.3
.1
(3)
.1
(3)
.1
.3

0.1
(3)
3
(3)
3
(3)
.1
(3)
.1
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
.1

6.6
6.6
6.8
5.1

3.6
3.8
3.7
2.9

2.5
2.4
2.5
2.1

.4
.4
.5
-1

.1
(3)
.1
(3)

6.8
7.0
7.1
5.3

3.8
4.0
3.9
3.0

2.6
2.5
2.6
2.1

.4
.4
.5
.1

.1
(3)
.1
(3)

Cents per hour paid fo r

Cents per plant hour

A ll in d u s tr ie s 2— __ —___________________ __

14.5

8.6

5.1

0.6

0.1

15.4

9.1

5.5

0.7

0.1

F ood and kindred products ________ ___ ________
T o b a c co m an u factu res____ ___ _________________
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------A p parel and other finished textile products —
L um ber and w ood p rod u cts-------------------------------Fu rn iture and fixtu res -— ------------------------—____
P a per and allied p r o d u c t s ______________________
P rintin g, publishing, and allied in du stries----Rubber and m is cella n eou s p la s tic s produ cts—
Leather and leather p rod u cts__________________
Stone, cla y, and glass p r o d u c t s -------- -------- —
P r im a r y m etal in du stries ------------------------------- F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s -------- -------- --- ------- —
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l__________________
E le c t r ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
supplie s — — — —________________________
T ran sp ortation equ ip m en t----------------------- --------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s _____________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing industries —

14.1
11.4
6.4
5.6
6.2
9.3
15.7
19.1
16.9
9.1
13.8
21.1
14.9
16.3

8.5
6.6
4.7
2.9
3.8
5.5
9.9
11.6
10.4
5.1
8.7
14.0
8.9
9.4

4.6
4.2
1.6
2.7
2.3
3.7
5.4
6.7
5.9
3.9
4.8
6.9
5.7
6.0

0.9
.5
.1
.1
(3)
.1
.2
.8
.3
.1
.2
.1
.1
.8

0.1
.1
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
.2
.1
.2
(3)

9.0
7.0
4.9
3.0
3.9
5.7
10.6
12.4
11.2
5.4
9.3
15.1
9.5
10.0

4.9
4.5
1.7
2.8
2.4
3.8
5.8
7.2
6.3
4.1
5.1
7.4
6.1
6.4

1.0
.6
.1
1

!i
.i
.2

15.0
12.1
6.6
5.8
6.4
9.7
16.9
20.5
18.1
9.5
14.6
22.7
15.8
17.5

(3)
.1
.2
.8
.4
.1
.2
.1
.2
.8

0.1
.1
(3)
3
(3)
(3)
.2
.1
.2
(3)
.1
.1
.1
.2

15.7
19.0
16.8
10.7

8.7
11.0
9.2
6.1

5.9
6.8
6.2
4.3

.9
1.1
1.2
.2

.2
.1
.2
(3)

16.9
20.4
18.1
11.3

9.4
11.8
9.9
6.4

6.4
7.3
6.6
4.6

1.0
1.1
1.3
.2

.2
.1
.2
(3)

1 Includes m ilita ry , ju ry , w itness, voting, and personal leave.
2 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , chem icals and allied products, and petroleu m refining and related products industries not presented separately.
3 L ess than 0.05 p ercen t or cents.
NOTE:

B ecau se of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals.




Table 6.

E m ployer Expenditures fo r Paid Leave fo r P rodu ction and R elated W orkers in Manufacturing Industry Establishm ents
With Expenditures fo r the P ractice* by Industry Group* 1962

00

E m ployer expenditures in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p ra ctice
P ercent o f g r o s s p ayroll

Industry group
Paid
leave 1

Vacations

H olidays

P ercen t of straigh t-tim e p ayroll
Sick
leave

Other
paid
le a v e 1

Paid
leave 1

V acations

H olidays

Sick
leave

Other
paid
le a v e 1
2

A ll in du stries 3 _____________________________

6.1

3.7

2.3

0.9

0.1

6.4

3.9

2.4

i.o

0.1

F ood and kindred products -------- . . . . . . . . . — . . . . . . .
Toba c c o ma nufa c tu r e s — . . . . . . --- ------. . . . . . . . . . . . .
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ____________ _____. . . . . . . . . . . .
A p parel and oth er finished textile produ cts . . .
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts------. . . . --------------------F u rniture and fix tu r e s ------------- . . . . --------------------Paper and a llied products ____________________
Printing, publishing, and allied in d u s t r ie s .....
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la stics p ro d u cts—
Leather and leather p rod u cts___________________
.Stone, cla y , and g la s s products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P rim a ry m etal in d u s tr ie s ------- -------- --------------F a bricated m etal p r o d u c t s --------------------------------M achinery, excep t e le c t r ic a l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E le c t r ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
su ppli e s __________ __________ _____ ___ _
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t---------------------------------Instrum ents and related products -----------. . . . . . . .
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing industries

6.3
6.0
3.8
3.9
3.8
4.9
6.4
6.6
6.8
5.2
5.6
6.9
5.9
6.1

3.8
3.6
2.8
2.3
2.4
3.0
4.0
4.0
4.3
3.0
3.6
4.6
3.5
3.5

2.2
2.4
1.6
2.0
1.8
2.1
2.2
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.1
2.3
2.3
2.3

0.9
(4)
(4)
.4
(4)
.5
.5
.6
.4
(4)
.4
.4
.5
1.1

0.1
(4)
<•>
(4)
(4)
!i
,i
.i
,i
.i
.i
#i
.2

6.5
6.2
4.0
4.0
4.0
5.0
6.9
7.0
7.2
5.3
6.0
7.2
6.2
6.3

3.9
3.7
2.9
2.4
2.6
3.0
4.3
4.2
4.5
3.0
3.8
4.8
3.7
3.6

2.3
2.4
1.7
2.0
1.8
2.2
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.2
2.4
2.4
2.4

0.9
(4)
(4)
.4
(4)
.5
.5
.7
.5
(4)
.4
.4
.5
1.1

0.1
(4)
(5)
(4)
(4)
.1
.1
.1
.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2

6.6
6.7
6.8
5.3

3.7
3.9
3.7
3.0

2.5
2.4
2.5
2.3

1.3
1.1
1.1
.6

.1
.1
.2
.1

6.8
7.1
7.1
5.5

3.8
4.1
3.9
3.1

2.6
2.6
2.6
2.4

1.4
1.1
1.1
.6

.1
.1
.2
.1

Cents per hour paid fo r
A ll in du stries 3_______________________ ______
Food and kindred p r o d u c t s --------------------------------T o b a cco m an u factures----------------------------------- —
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s _____ . . . . ----------------------- .
A p parel and other finished textile p rod u cts . . .
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts— ______________ —----Furniture and fix t u r e s ....______ _______ . . . . _____
P aper and allied products . . . . . . . . . . . ----------------—
P rinting, publishing, and a llie d in d u s trie s -----Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la stics p ro d u cts—
Leather and leather p rod u cts_____ ___________
Stone, c la y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s ____. . . _________
P rim a ry m etal in d u s t r ie s ___ _______________
F a bricated m etal p r o d u c t s ___________________ _
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l.----------------- --------E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
su pplies--------------------- ---------------— _____ ___ —
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t______
____. . . —
Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c ts ______________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ______

1
2
3
4
5

Cents per plant hour

15.0

9.1

5.7

2.5

0.3

16.0

9.7

6.1

2.7

0.3

14.6
12.1
6.7
6.7
7.9
10.0
15.8
19.3
17.2
9.1
14.3
21.1
15.0
16.4

8.8
7.2
4.9
3.9
5.0
6.1
10.0
11.8
10.7
5.2
9.2
14.0
9.1
9.4

5.3
4.8
2.9
3.5
3.9
4.5
5.4
6.9
6.1
4.1
5.4
6.9
5.9
6.3

2.1
(4)
(4)
.7
(4)
1.1
1.2
1.8
1.2
(4)
.9
1.1
1.2
2.9

0.4
(4)

9.4
7.7
5.1
4.1
5.2
6.4
10.7
12.6
11.5
5.5
9.7
15.1
9.6
10.1

5.6
5.2
3.1
3.6
4.1
4.7
5.8
7.4
6.5
4.4
5.8
7.5
6.3
6.7

2.3
(4)
(4)
.7
(4)
1.2
1.3
2.0
1.3
(4)
1.0
1.2
1.2
3.1

0.4
(4)

(4)
(4)
.3
.3
.2
.4
.1
.2
.2
.2
.5

15.6
12.8
6.9
7.0
8.2
10.5
16.9
20.7
18.4
9.6
15.3
22.7
16.0
17.5

15.8
19.2
16.9
11.3

8.8
11.1
9.3
6.4

6.0
7.0
6.2
4.8

3.4
3.1
2.9
1.2

.3
.2
.4
.1

16.9
20.6
18.2
12.0

9.5
12.0
10.0
6.8

6.5
7.6
6.6
5.1

3.7
3.4
3.2
1.3

.3
.2
.5
.2

D etail by p r a c tic e does not add to total because of a change in the base used in com puting each o f the com ponents.
Includes m ilita ry , ju ry, w itn ess, voting, and p erson al leave.
Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r i e s , ch em icals and allied products, and petroleu m refining and related products industries not presented separately.
Data do not m eet publication c r it e r ia .
L ess than 0.05 p ercent.




(4)
(4)
.3
.3
.2
.4
.1
.2
.2
.2
.6

Table 7. D istribution of Produ ction and Related W orkers by Em ployer Expenditures fo r Paid Leave As A P e rce n t of G ross P a yroll,
by R egion and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P e rce n t of p roduction and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—
Expenditures fo r paid leave

W orkers
R eg ion and industry group

e stablish ­
ments
(percent)

A s a p ercen t o f g r o s s p a yroll

expendifor the
pra ctice

A ll

Under
1

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
3

3
and
under
4

4
and
under
5

5
and
under
6

6
and
under
7

7
and
under
8

8
and
under
9

9
and
under
10

10
and
under
11

11
and
over

5
3
10
2
5

7
6
14
4
4

9
9
14
6
8

12
10
11
15
15

15
14
8
19
19

16
16
9
23
12

14
16
8
15
15

9
12
6

4
5
2
3
6

2
2
2
1
(2)

2
2
1
(2)
2

9

9

5
4

9

1
(2)

2
7
(2)

3
1
(2)
1
_
1
(2)

United States 1------------------- . — ------- ---------------Nor thpast— ___________________________ _____
South-__ -_________ -_________ -_________ -_____
North C entral — ------------------- ------- ---W e s t----------------------------------------------------------------

100
100
100
100
100

4
4
9
1
5

96
96
91
95

1
1
4
(1
2)
1

F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s ------------ ------------------T o b a c co m an u factures— -----------— ———------------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s __ _— ------------------- — — ----A p parel and other finished
textile p rod u cts ______________________________
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts ------------------------- -----Furniture and fix tu r e s — ----------- — ---- —
Paper and allied produ cts —----—
—---- --Printin g, publishing, and a llied

100
100
100

4
6
5

96
94
95

2
5
1

8
1
19

10
7
27

13
8
15

19
11

11
25
4

15

7
14

100
100
100
100

17
26
8
(2)

83
74
92

11
13
11
2

22
8
16
2

13
10
13
3

11
15
14
14

11
15
12
17

10
5
11
26

1
(2)
5
26

(2)

(2)

(2)

3

99

2
8
2
(2)

9

2
1

3
(2)

100

1

99

(2)

1

6

3

12

13

23

19

15

4

2

1

100
100
100
100
100
100

1
1
4
(2)
1

99
99

1
3
2
(2)
1

6
2
6
1
2

2
6
6
2
3
5

7
15
6
8
11

17
11

14
16
14
14
19
18

13
19
20
20
22
19

14
12
14
14
19
21

23
2

9

10
21
14

29
6
8

4
2
2
5
2
2

4
(2)
1
(2)
(2)

2
<*)
(2)
(2)
2

100
100
100
100

(2)

99

(2)
6

99
99
94

(2)
(2)

1
1
1
2

3
1
2
7

4
4
6
12

13
9
14
19

17
21
9
20

20
26
36
17

23
12
13
10

13
15
6
4

4
7
8
1

1
2
1
(2)

(2)
1
5

Rubber and m is cella n eou s p la s tics
p r o d u c t s _______ _____ ____________ ___ _____ _____
Leather and leather produ cts ------— ---------Stone, cla y, and glass produ cts ---------- -— —
P r im a r y m etal indu stries —__________ ____ ____
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s __________ ___— ------M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l-— -------- —— -------E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent,
and s u p p lie s ___________________________________
T ran sp ortation equipm ent —__ -____— -______ ___
Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s ------— ----------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s -—

99

96
99
99
99

-

1

1

9

9

3

1 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , chem icals and allie d products, and petroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not presen ted separately.
2 L es s than 0.5 percen t.
NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals.




9

8

9

Table 8.

to

D istribution of Produ ction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r Paid Vacations As A P e rce n t o f G ross P a y roll,
by Region and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962

o

P e rce n t of production and related w o rk e rs in establishm ents w ith-—
Expenditures fo r paid vacations

W orkers
Region and industry group

United S ta te s 1

_____________

South
North Central _
W est . . .

____ - ___

______ .
___ _____ —___ __ ______
_
____
___ . . .

F ood and kindred produ cts

.

—_

T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ..,.—. ______________ ______ A p parel and other finished textile produ cts —.
P a per and a llied products
Printin g, publishing, and allied in d u s tr ie s — .
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tics p r o d u c ts —.
L eather and leather products
Stone, cla y , and gla ss products
P r im a r y m etal industries
F a b rica ted m etal products
M achinery, except e le c t r i c a l —.
—_
E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
supplie s ......................— --------------------------------------T ran sp ortation equipm ent
Instrum ents and rela ted produ cts—. ———
——.
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u stries—. —

1 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s ,
2 L e s s than 0.5 percen t.
N OTE:

B ecau se of rounding,




As a p ercent of gro s s p ayroll

establish -

expendi-

(percent)

fo r the
p ractice

A ll

100
100
100
100
100

6
6
10
2
6

94
94
90
98
94

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

5
9
5
28
28
10
1
2
2
2
5
(2)
2
1

100
100
100
100

1
1
1
6

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
3

3
and
under
4

3
and
under
5

5
and
under
6

6
and
under
7

3
3
6
2
3

13
11
22
9
13

19
18
17
20
26

25
26
20
27
26

19
19
13
25
16

10
12
9
11
8

3
4
2
3
2

95
91
95
72
72
90
99
98
98
98
95
99
98
99

4
11
2
7
12
8
1
(2)
4
4
6
2
4

19
8
24
27
16
28
5
8
10
21
11
5
10
12

16
16
30
16
24
23
17
15
14
27
18
16
20
18

22
11
29
17
15
14
28
27
23
29
26
22
31
28

16
34
9
3
3
9
26
26
14
12
17
14
23
30

12
3
1
(2)
1
3
18
20
21
4
14
24
10
6

5
8
(2)
(2)
2
4
2
4
2
17
1

99
99
99
94

1
2
2
4

7
5
9
17

22
16
19
30

31
32
32
25

31
31
27
10

7
10
8
6

1
2
2
(2)

Under
1

1

ch em icals and allied products, and petroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not presented separately.

sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals.

7
and
under
8
1
1
1
(1
2)
1
1
(2)
3
(2)
(2)
7
1
1
(2)
“
(2)

8
and
over

( \)

(
(2)
(2)
i
(*>
(2)
i
i
(2)

_

(2)
i

T able 9. D istribution of Production and R elated W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r Paid H olidays As A P e rce n t of G ro ss P a y ro ll,
by R egion and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P e rce n t of production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—

R egion and industry group

W orkers
in all
esta b lish ­
ments
(percent)

Expenditures fo r paid holidays
No
expendi­
tures
fo r the
p ra ctice

A s a p ercen t of g r o s s pa y ro ll
A ll

Under
1

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
3

3
and
under
4

4
and
under
5

2
(2)
(2)
1

United States 1_____________ __ _____ ___ ____
N ortheast ____________-___________________ __
South- _____________ -______ ____________ _
North C en tra l______ -___ —______ -____________
W e s t---------------------------------------------------------------

100
100
100
100
100

11
6
30
4
10

89
94
70
96
90

5
4
10
3
4

22
20
22
23
21

53
51
34
66
56

9
17
3
4
7

F ood and kindred p r o d u c ts ______ _______
T o b a c co m anufactures_______ —________________
T extile m ill p r o d u c ts _____________ -_____ _____
A p parel and other finished textile products —
Lum ber and wood produ cts________-____-_______
Fu rn iture and fixtu res__________ ——____- ___
P aper and allied p r o d u c ts ___________ ——_______
Printin g, publishing, and allied industries —
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p lastics products—
Leather and leather p rod u cts------— — ___
Stone, clay, and glass p r o d u c ts __—
_______
P r im a r y m etal in d u s tr ie s —______________ —
F a b rica ted m etal products - - _ —
____
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l-________________ _
E le c t r ic a l m achinery, equipment, and
supplie s ----------------- ---- ------------------------------ -----—
T ran sp ortation equipment —— _________ —
—
Instrum ents and related p r o d u c ts _______ _____
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u strie s— __

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

14
13
44
24
43
18
1
2
3
6
12
1
3
4

86
87
56
76
57
82
99
98
97
94
88
99
97
96

13
6
16
7
9
9
2
5
5
5
6
(2)
4
2

20
5
18
30
28
29
27
28
15
27
31
24
20
27

40
75
21
34
20
36
65
48
58
44
47
73
59
58

11
1
1
4
(2)
5
5
14
19
15
4
2
14
9

(2)
1

100
100
100
100

2
3
1
11

98
97
99
89

(2)
1
1
3

13
13
14
22

73
77
65
46

11
5
17
15

(2)
1
2
3

5
and
over

(1
2)
(2
H
(2)

2

j

_
1

(2)

3
(2)
2
(2)
2

(2)

i

_

_
_

(2)

1 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch e m ica ls and allied produ cts, and p etroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not presented
separately.
2 L es s than 0.5 percent.
NOTE: Because of rounding, sums o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.




to
to

Table 10. D istribution of P roduction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r Paid Leave In Cents P e r Hour Paid F o r ,
by Region and Manufacturing Industry G roup, 1962
P ercen t o f production and related w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—
Expenditures fo r paid leave

W orkers
R egion and industry group

esta b lish ­
ments
(percent)

expendi tures
fo r the
practice

In cents per hour paid fo r
A ll

2
10
12
22
4
8
14
16
18
20
24
1
6
26
28
30
and
Under and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
under under under under under under under under under under under under under under under over
1
10
12
22
14
20
24
2
16
18
26
30
4
6
8
28

United States 1 -------------------------------------------------N ortheast -----------------------------------------------------South ________________________________________
North C entral _______________________________
W est _________________________________________

100
100
100
100
100

4
4
9
1
5

96
96
91
99
95

1
(1
2)
2
(*)
(2)

2
1
6
1
(2)

6
4
11
3
5

8
7
17
4
4

8
8
10
6
5

9
9
7
10
5

6
8
4
8
8

8
8
4
9
8

9
8
4
10
14

8
9
4
10
8

8
9
4
10
8

5
4
3
7
7

5
6
4
7
5

3
4
1
5
5

3
3
2
4
5

2
2
2
2
3

5
6
5
4
5

Food and kindred p r o d u c t s ________________ ___
T ob a cco m an u factures---------------------------------------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ___________________________
A p parel and other finished textile produ cts —
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts_____________________
Furniture and fix tu r e s ---------------------------------------P aper and allied p r o d u c t s ---------------------------------Printin g, publishing, and a llie d in d u strie s-----Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la stics products —
Leather and leather p rod u cts----------------------------Stone, c la y , and g la ss p r o d u c t s -----------------------P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ______________________
F a bricated m etal p r o d u c t s -------------------------------M achinery, except e l e c t r i c a l --------------------------E le c tr ic a l m achinery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies-------------------------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ip m en t---------------------------------Instrum ents and related p r o d u c t s --------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ----------

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

4
6
5
17
26
8
(2)
1
1
1
4
(2)
1
1

96
94
95
83
74
92
99
99
99
99
96
99
99

1
5
(2)
2
4
(2)
1
(2)
1
•

3
(2)
4
4
10
3

11
2
26
24
9
15
2
4
6
20
4
1
2
4

5
4
24
14
6
5
4
4
5
14
9
3
7
8

8
23
9
8
8
13
9
4
4
19
7
6
10
8

5
8
8
8
7
12
8
7
12
15
6
3
9
4

7
5
5
4
6
7
14
9
7
14
11
6
12
7

8
5
1
3
8
5
11
8
11
5
9
7
12
12

5
26
1
1
3
3
11
8
3
1
8
8

4
1
(2)
1
12
5
4
2
7
6
5
8

1
7
7
11
5

5
1
( !)
(2)
2
2
6
1
1
4
6
3
8

3
(2)
(2)
1
1
7
9
2
13
2
4

2
1
1
4
5
3
10
1
1

7
-

12

5
(2)
1
3
6
14
11
8
1
11
8
13
13

7
7
-

(!)
(2)
4
3
(2)
1

10
8
16
14
9
15
2
2
5
2
3
1
3
2

g)
(2)
3
(2)
12
8
1
15
1
3

100
100
100
100

(2)
1
(2)
6

99
99
99

(2)

1
(2)
1

1
2
1
3

3
1
5
8

5
1
7
14

10
4
8
19

9

6
4
10

10
2
7
11

12
8
17

10
16
16
12

17
19
6
3

12
6
13

4
13
2
1

1
7
2
1

2
6
1
(2)

1
4
(2)

2
4
11

99

94

0

9

9

1 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied products, and petroleum refining and related products industries not presented separately.
2 L ess than 0.5 percen t.
N OTE:

B ecau se of rounding, sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.




( !)
(2)
7
8
9

Table 11.

D istribution o f Produ ction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r Paid Vacations In Cents P e r Hour Paid F or,
by R egion and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P e rce n t o f production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—

R eg ion and industry group

W orkers
in all
e stablish ments
(percent)

Expenditures fo r paid vacations
No
expenditures
fo r the
p ra ctice

In cents per hour paid fo r
A ll

Under
1

United States 1----------------------------------------------------Nr>rtheaR*_____________________________________
South--------------------------- ----------------------------------N orth C en tral —--- --------------------,______________
W e s t.........................
.................................

100
100
100
100
100

6
6
10
2
6

94
94
90
98
94

F ood and k indred p r o d u c ts -------- ------------------- --T ob a cco m anu factu res----------------- ------------------ —
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ---------------------- --------- -__ __
A p parel and other fin ish ed te xtile products —
Lu m ber and w ood p rod u cts— ------------------- -------F u rn iture and fix tu r e s----------- ------- —
- P aper and a llie d p r o d u c ts _____ ___ ____ ________
Printin g, publishing, and a llie d industries-----Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s products—
Leath er and leather p rod u cts—
__ ______ _
Stone, c la y , and g lass p r o d u c t s ----------------------P r im a r y m etal in du stries — — —
F a b rica ted m etal products — -------- — —
M achinery, excep t e le c t r ic a l------------- —
E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
s uppli e s ____ —___ ________ ___ __________________
T ran sp ortation equipm ent--------------------------------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s ---- - — __
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing industries ___ ___

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

5
9
5
28
28
10
1
2
2
2
5
( 2)
2
1

95
91
95
72
72
90
99
98
98
98
95

1
10
( 2)
6
5
2
1

99

98

-

99

1

100
100
100
100

1
1
1
6

99
99
99

(2)

94

2
3
(*)
(2)

-

3
2
3

-

1
(2)

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
4

4
and
under
6

6
and
under
8

8
and
under
10

4
2
8
3
2

14
13
21
9
10

13
12
17
13
10

12
13
9
12
16

13
15
7
12
20

11
10
6
16
12

7
(2)
5
4
13
10
1
3
2
5
4
1
2
3

17
18
29
34
12
22
6
7
8
29

12
12
38
12
16
18
10
7
11
25
8
6
13
11

16
11
14
9
7
14
15
8
16
27
13

9
5
6
5
12
9
17
16
14
4
16

6
26
1
1
4
5
13
10
2
3
17
10
13
19

1
2
4
4

9

17
8
11
19

15
6

9

2
9
9

2
9

25

9

9

18

19
18

9

9

14

17
15
18
15

10
and
under
12

16
24
21
9

12
and
under
14

14
and
under
16

16
and
under
18

10
11
6
12
8

7
5
5
10
7

4
4
3
5
4

7
_

10
8
( 2)

9

6

10
15

9

10

3
1
1
( 2)
( 2)
3
4
9
4
_
5
14
3
3

16
22
12
4

5
14
2
2

1
3
7
1

(2)
3
(2)
20
13
14
1
5

(2)
2
10
9
9
1
9

18
and
under
20

20
and
under
22

3
3
3
2
2

1
2
1
2
2

3
_

1
_
_
_
_
2
_
6
4
_
1
11
1
_

( 2)
_
1
2
3
3
_
2
11
1
2
( 2)
3
3

1

22
and
under
24

24
and
over

(2)
1
(2)
1
(2)

1
1
1
1
1

1

2
_

_
_
.
2
_
4
5
_
1
2
(2)

_
(2)
_
_
3
3
_
1
10
(2)

_

_

_

(2)
( 2)

(2)
1

(2)

'
1 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and a llie d products, and petroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not presented separately.
2 L e s s than 0. 5 p ercen t.
NOTE:

B ecau se o f rounding, sums o f individual item s may not equal totals.




to

to

Table 12.

D istribution of Produ ction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r Paid H olidays In Cents P e r Hour Paid F or,
by Region and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P e rce n t of production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—
W orkers
in all
establish -

R egion and industry group

(percent)

United States 1
N ortheast

----

—

North Central
W e s t ..
. ............................................... .......
F ood and kindred products
T extile m ill p rod u cts-----------------------------------------A p p arel and other finished textile products —

P rintin g, publishing, and allied industries
Rubber and m isce lla n e o u s plastics products —
Leath er and leather products
P r im a r y m etal in du stries
F a b rica ted m etal products
E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery, equipment, and
supplies
—
___ . . . . .
T ran sp ortation equipm ent
Instrum ents and rela ted prod u cts..

—

Expenditures fo r paid holidays
In cents p e r hour paid fo r

expendifo r the
p ra ctice

A ll

1
Under
and
under
1
2

6

2
and
under
4

4
and
under
6

and
under
8

8
and
under
10




B ecau se of rounding,

12
and
under
14

14
and
over

100
100
100
100
100

11
6
30
4
10

89
94
70
96
90

3
2
6
1
1

4
3
8
3
2

15
18
19
13
10

25
26
15
30
25

26
25
13
35
30

12
15
8
11
17

3
4
1
2
4

(1
2)
1
(*)
( )
(2)

(?)
b

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

14
13
44
24
43
18
1
2
3
6
12
1
3
4

86
87
56
76
57
82
99
98
97
94
88
99
97
96

6
6
10
4
6
2
1
(2)
3
3
2
2
1

9
(2)
6
11
4
9
1
4
3
4
2
1
2
2

16
10
25
35
16
27
13
13
12
40
16
8
12
10

20
52
12
19
23
24
47
23
30
30
30
20
29
30

22
19
2
7
7
8
34
29
19
12
28
30
34
35

8
1
(2)
1
10
2
12
26
3
8
33
17
15

2
(2)
1
8
4
1
2
7
1
2

1
(2)
5
(2)
(2)
1

2
(2)
1
4
(2)
“

100
100
100
100

2
3
1
11

98
97
99
89

(2)
(2)
2

1
1
(2)
4

11
4
14
22

35
16
38
34

43
53
21
24

19
21
2

2
4
4
(2)

1
-

(2)

6

1 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , chem icals and allied p rodu cts, and p etroleu m refining and related products
sented separately.
2 L ess than 0.5 percent.
N OTE:

10
and
under
12

sums of individual item s m ay not equal totals.

0

(2)
1
0

(2)

industries

not p r e ­

Chapter 3. Premium Payments
Total P rem iu m Paym ents
A ll E stablishm ents. Paym ents o f overtim e, weekend, holiday, and shift
w ork prem iu m s accounted fo r 4 .2 p ercen t of the g ro ss and 4 .4 percen t of the
stra ig h t-tim e p a y rolls o f production and related w ork ers in all manufacturing
during 1962. (See chart 4 and table 13.) T hese payments amounted to 10.2 cents
p er hour paid fo r in 1962, o r 10. 8 cents p er plant hour.
About 80 percen t of
these expenditures w ere fo r overtim e, holiday, and weekend w ork, and 20 p e r ­
cent fo r shift differen tia ls.
P rem ium payments among the industries fo r which data w ere available
w ere highest in the paper and allied products group (6. 8 p ercen t o f g ross and
16. 8 cents p e r hour paid for) and low est in the apparel industry (1 .5 percen t and
2. 6 cents). P rem iu m payments in on e-h a lf o f the industries fo r which data w ere
available co m p rised 4 percen t o r m ore o f p a y roll and amounted to m ore than
9 cents p e r 1962 hours paid for.
Am ong all manufacturing establishm ents, prem ium pay fo r overtim e,
weekend, holiday, and shift w ork ranged up to 11 percen t o r m ore o f gross p a y­
ro ll (table 15), and 30 cents o r m ore p er hour paid fo r (table 17). In general,
prem ium payments w ere higher in the la rg e r, high wage, unionized plants than
in sm all, low wage, nonunion establishm ents; and tended to in crea se as estab­
lishm ent size and average hourly earnings lev el in crea sed .
P re v a le n ce . A pproxim ately 93 percen t o f all production and related
w ork ers w ere em ployed by m anufacturing establishm ents that paid prem ium s for
ov ertim e, weekend, holiday, or shift w ork during 1962; the prop ortion s ranging
by industry from 99 percen t in the p rim a ry m etal and transportation equipment
industries to 70 percen t in the apparel industry (table 15). Am ong the regions,
the p rop ortion o f w ork ers in plants that paid prem ium s ranged from 89 percen t
in the N ortheast to 97 p ercen t in the North Central.
Establishm ents With E xpenditures.
P rem ium paym ents, among estab­
lishm ents with expenditures, com p rised 4 .5 percen t o f g ross and 4. 7 percen t of
the stra igh t-tim e p a y roll fo r production and related w ork ers (table 14). The p a y­
ments amounted to 10.9 cents p er hour paid fo r, o r 11.6 cents p er plant hour.
Am ong the industries fo r which data w ere available, the highest expenditures,
either as a p ercen t o f g ross p a y roll o r in cents p e r hour paid fo r , w ere found
in paper and allied products (7. 0 percen t and 17. 3 cents) and transportation equip­
ment (5 .3 p ercen t and 15.3 cents). The low est expenditures w ere in the apparel
(2. 1 p ercen t and 3. 6 cents) and leather (2. 1 p ercen t and 3. 7 cents) industries.
M ore than half of the production and related w ork ers in manufacturing
establishm ents that had expenditures fo r prem ium s w ere em ployed by plants in
which the payments com p rised 1 to 5 percen t o f g ross p a y roll; and about half
the w ork ers w ere em ployed by establishm ents that had prem ium expenditures of
between 2 and 12 cents p er hour paid fo r.
The paper and the transportation
equipment industries had the highest p rop ortion s (64 and 48 percent) o f p ro d u c­
tion and related w ork ers in establishm ents with expenditures o f 5 percen t or m ore
o f g ro ss p a y roll; and the leather and tob acco industries had the highest p rop ortion s
(o v e r 80 percent) o f production and related w ork ers in establishm ents with p r e ­
m ium expenditures that amounted to less than 5 percen t o f g ross p a yroll.




25

26

Chart 4. Employer Expenditures for Premium Payments,
Manufacturing Industries, 1962
Production and Related Workers

Percent

0

T




1

2

of g r o s s

p ayroll

3

4

5

27
O vertim e,

Weekend,

and Holiday Work P rem ium s

A ll Establishm ents.
In all m anufacturing, em ployer expenditures fo r
overtime"! weekend, and holiday work prem ium s com p rised 3. 3 percen t of g ross
and 3. 5 p ercen t o f stra igh t-tim e p a y rolls fo r production and related w ork ers.
E m ployer payments when divided among all hours paid fo r in 1962, amounted to
8. 1 cents o r 8. 6 cents p er plant hour.
Am ong the industries fo r which data
w ere available, prem ium pay fo r overtim e, weekend, and holiday w ork ranged
from 5. 7 p ercen t o f the g ro ss p a y ro ll and 14. 1 cents p er hour paid fo r by all
establishm ents in the paper and allied products group to 1 .4 percen t of g ross
and 2. 4 cents p er hour paid for in the apparel industry.
P rem ium expenditures among all m anufacturing establishm ents ranged
up to 11 percen t or m ore, and 30 cents or m o re p er hour paid fo r.
In general, prem ium payments w ere highest in industries in which co n ­
tinuous p ro c e s s in g operations w ere com m on o r w here tight production schedules
often p rev a il.
While som e rela tively high wage industries had low er prem ium
expenditures, prem ium payments tended to be highest in the higher wage indus­
tries and low est in those industries with the low est average hourly earnings.
P re v a le n ce . O ver 90 percen t of all production and related w ork ers w ere
em ployed by establishm ents that had expenditures for overtim e, weekend, and
holiday w ork prem iu m s; the p rop ortion s among the industry groups fo r which
data are available, ranged from 99 p ercen t in the p rim a ry m etal and tra n sp or­
tation equipment industries to 70 percen t in the apparel industry (table 16).
By region, the prop ortion o f w ork ers in plants with expenditures ranged
from 88 p ercen t in the N ortheast to 96 p ercen t in the North Central.
The low
p reva len ce in the N ortheast was partly the result o f a large concentration o f
apparel m anufacturing in that region.
Establishm ents With E xpenditures. Expenditures, among establishm ents
that paid o v ertim e, weekend, and holiday w ork prem ium s in 1962, amounted to
3. 5 p ercen t o f g ross and 3. 7 percen t o f stra igh t-tim e p a yrolls fo r production
and related w ork ers. These payments amounted to 8. 7 cents p er hour paid for,
or 9 .3 cents p e r plant hour.
O vertim e, weekend, and holiday w ork prem iu m s, among the industries
fo r which data w ere available, ranged from 5. 9 percen t o f g ross p a y roll and
14. 7 cents p e r hour paid for in the paper and allied products group to about
1.8 p ercen t o f g ross and around 3 .5 cents in the apparel and tob acco industries.
A lm ost th ree-fifth s o f the production and related w ork ers, in esta blish ­
ments that had expenditures fo r overtim e, weekend, and holiday w ork prem iu m s,
w ere em ployed by plants with expenditures o f 1 to 4 p ercen t o f gross p a y roll
and 2 to 10 cents p er hour paid fo r (tables 16 and 18). The higher wage industries,
h ow ever, tended to have la rge concentrations o f w ork ers in plants with expendi­
tures o f 4 p ercen t o r m ore o f g ross p a yroll.
Shift D ifferentials
A ll E stablishm ents. Shift d ifferen tials com p rised slightly less than 1 p e r ­
cent o f the g ro ss and straigh t-tim e p a yrolls for all production and related w ork ers
in the m anufacturing industries during 1962. These paym ents, when divided among




28
all hours paid fo r in 1962, amounted to 2. 1 cents p e r hour paid fo r , o r 2. 3 cents
p er plant hour. The highest lev el o f expenditure fo r sh ift-w ork prem iu m s, among
the industries fo r which data w ere available (1 .4 p ercen t o f g ross p a y roll and
4. 2 cents p e r hour paid for) was found in the transportation equipment industry,
and the low est expenditure lev el (under 0. 05 p ercen t o f g ross and about 0. 1 cent
p e r hour paid for) was found in the leather industry.
The expenditures, among all m anufacturing establishm ents, ranged up to
5 p ercen t o r m o re o f g ross p a y roll and 10 cents o r m o re p e r hour paid for
(table 19).
In general, shift prem ium s w ere highest in plants with 500 em ployees
o r m o re ; in unionized plants; and in plants with high production w ork er average
hourly earnings.
A sp ecia l exam ination o f the data showed that establishm ents
with few er than 100 em ployees seldom had expenditures fo r shift d ifferen tials.
H ow ever, those that did gen erally had slightly higher lev els o f expenditures than
did establishm ents with between 100—499 em p loyees, although m uch below the level
o f expenditures in establishm ents o f 500 em ployees o r m o re .
P re v a le n ce . About th ree-fifth s of a ll production and related w ork ers
w ere em ployed by establishm ents with expenditures fo r shift differen tials; the
prop ortion ranging, among industries fo r which data w ere available, from 95 p e r ­
cent in the p rim a ry m etal group to 3 p ercen t in the apparel industry.
Among
the region s, the p rop ortion of w ork ers in plants that paid shift d ifferen tials ranged
from 71 p ercen t in the North Central to 51 percen t in the South.
E stablishm ents With Expenditures. Shift d ifferen tia ls, among plants that
paid prem iu m s fo r shift w ork, com p rised 1 .3 percen t o f g ross and 1 .4 percent
o f stra igh t-tim e p a yrolls fo r production and related w ork ers.
T hese payments
amounted to 3 .4 cents p er hour paid fo r o r 3 .7 cents p er 1962 plant hour.
Am ong the industries fo r which data a re available, shift prem ium s w ere
highest in the printing industry (1. 7 p ercen t o f g ro ss p a y roll and 5 .4 cents p er
hour paid for) and low est in the leather industry (0 .4 percen t o f g ross and 0. 7 cent
p er hour paid fo r ). H ow ever, in o v e r half o f the industries fo r which data w ere
available, expenditures fo r shift differentials accounted fo r 1 to 2 percen t o f gross
p a y ro ll and amounted to Zl!z cents or m ore p er hour paid fo r during 1962. Among
the establishm ents with expenditures for shift p rem iu m s, those em ploying fully
fou r-fifth s o f the w ork ers had expenditures that com p rised le ss than 2 percen t o f
g ro ss p a y ro ll and under 6 cents p er hour paid fo r during 1962 (table 19).




Table 13. E m ployer Expenditures for P rem iu m Paym ents fo r P rodu ction and R elated W orkers
in the M anufacturing Industries, by Industry Group, 1962
E m ployer expenditures in all establishm ents
P ercen t of g r o s s p a yroll

P rem ium
payments

O vertim e,
weekend,
and
holiday
w ork
prem ium s

4.2

3.3

0.9

4.4

3.8
2.5
4.0
1.5
3.8
3.0
6.8
4.5
5.0
1.9
5.1
4.5
4.2
4.1

3.3
1.6
3.4
1.4
3.6
2.8
5.7
3.4
4.0
1.9
4.4
3.4
3.3
3.2

0.5
.9
.6
.1
.2
.2
1.1
1.0
.9
(2)
.7
1.2
.9
.8

4.0
2.6
4.1
1.5
4.0
3.1
7.3
4.7
5.2
1.9
5.4
4.7
4.4
4.3

4.0
5.3
3.7
2.7

2.8
3.9
2.9
2.4

1.2
1.4
.8
.3

4.2
5.6
3.9
2.7

Industry group

A ll in d u s t r ie s 1
F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s _____________________
T o b a c co m anu factu res------------------------- -----------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s -------------------------- -— --------A p parel and other finished te xtile p r o d u c t s __
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts-------------------------------Fu rn iture and fix tu r e s --------------------------------------P aper and a llied p r o d u c t s --------------------------------Printin g, publishing, and a llie d in d u stries___
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s p rod u cts__
Leather and leather p rod u cts__-_______________
Stone, cla y, and glass p r o d u c t s _______________
P r im a r y m etal in d u s tr ie s __ - __________________
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s ____________________
M achinery, excep t e le c t r ic a l__________________
E le c t r ic a l m achinery, equipm ent, and
supplie s ____ - ___________ ___ ____________________
T ran sp ortation equipm ent — ------------------ ---- -----Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s --------- ----------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s __-— -

P e rce n t of straigh t-tim e p a yroll

P rem iu m
Shift
d ifferentials paym ents

O vertim e,
w eekend,
and
holiday
w ork
prem iu m s

Cents per hour paid for

Shift
differen tials

P rem iu m
paym ents

3.5

0.9

10.2

3.4
1.7
3.5
1.4
3.8
2.9
6.1
3.6
4.3
1.9
4.6
3.5
3.4
3.4

0.5
.9
.6
.1
.2
.2
1.2
1.1
1.0
(2)
.7
1.2
.9
.9

8.8
5.0
6.9
2.6
7.6
5.9
16.8
12.9
12.3
3.4
12.8
13.8
10.6
11.1

3.0
4.1
3.0
2.5

1.2
1.5
.8
.3

9.7
15.3
9.2
5.6

O vertim e,
weekend,
and
holiday
w ork
prem iu m s

Cents per plant hour
O vertim e,
weekend,
and
holiday
w ork
prem iu m s

Shift
differen tials

P rem ium
paym ents

8.1

2.1

10.8

8.6

2.3

7.6
3.2
5.9
2.4
7.1
5.6
14.1
10.0
10.1
3.3
11.1
10.2
8.4
8.8

1.2
1.8
1.0
.2
.5
.4
2.7
3.0
2.3
.1
1.7
3.6
2.2
2.3

9.3
5.3
7.2
2.6
7.8
6.2
18.0
13.9
13.2
3.5
13.6
14.9
11.3
11.8

8.0
3.4
6.1
2.5
7.3
5.8
15.1
10.7
10.8
3.5
11.7
11.0
8.9
9.4

1.3
1.9
1.1
.2
.5
.4
2.9
3.2
2.4
.1
1.8
3.9
2.4
2.4

6.8
11.1
7.3
5.0

2.9
4.2
1.9
.5

10.4
16.4
9.9
5.9

7.3
11.9
7.8
5.3

3.1
4.5
2.1
.6

Shift
differentials

1 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied products, and p etroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not presen ted separately.
2 L e s s than 0.05 percen t.
NOTE:

B ecau se of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals.




fN3

O

Table 14.

E m p loyer Expenditures fo r Prem ium Paym ents fo r P rodu ction and R elated W ork ers in M anufacturing Industry E stablishm ents
With Expenditures fo r the P r a c tice , by Industry Group, 1962

CO

o

E m ployer expenditures in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p r a c t ic e 1
P ercen t o f g ro ss payroll
Industry group
P rem ium
payments

A ll indu stries 2-------------------------------------------F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s — . . —-------- . . . —
T o b a c co m an u factures------ — --------------------T extile m ill p r o d u c ts ---------------------------------------A p parel and other fin ish ed textile produ cts —
L u m ber and w ood p rod u cts________ . . . . ___ __
Furn iture and fix tu r e s --------------------------------------P a per and a llied p r o d u c t s ------- ----------- -------P rintin g, publishing, and a llie d in d u strie s----Rubber and m is cella n eou s p la s tics p ro d u cts—
Leath er and leather p rod u cts— —— —--------------Stone, cla y , and gla ss p r o d u c ts _________ ___ —
P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s --------------------------------F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s ----- — — -------- ------M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l------------------- ------E le c t r ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies— -------------- -------- -— -------— — — —
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t------------ ------—-----Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c ts ---------------- --M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in du stries — -----

O vertim e,
weekend,
and
Shift
holiday
differentials
w ork
prem ium s

P e rce n t of s tra igh t-tim e p ayroll

Prem ium
payments

O vertim e,
w eekend,
and
holiday
w ork
prem iu m s

Cents per hour paid fo r

Shift
differen tials

P rem iu m
payments

O vertim e,
w eekend,
and
holiday
w ork
prem iu m s

Shift
differen tials

P rem iu m
payments

O vertim e,
weekend,
and
holiday
w ork
prem iu m s

Shift
differentials

4. 5

3 .5

1.3

4 .7

3. 7

1 .4

10.9

8 .7

3 .4

11.6

9 .3

3 .7

4 .2
2 .8
4. 1
2. 1
4 .3
3 .2
7 .0
4 .9
5. 1
2. 1
5.3
4. 5
4 .4
4 .2

3 .6
1.8
3. 5
1.9
4 .0
3. 0
5 .9
3 .9
4. 2
2. 0
4 .6
3 .4
3.5
3 .4

0 .9
1. 2
.9
(3)
.6
.6
1. 3
1. 7
1. 1
.4
1. 1
1. 2
1. 3
1. 2

4 .4
2 .8
4. 2
2. 1
4. 5
3 .3
7. 5
5. 1
5 .4
2. 1
5 .6
4 .7
4 .6
4 .4

3 .8
1.9
3. 7
2. 0
4. 2
3. 1
6 .4
4. 1
4 .4
2. 1
4 .8
3.5
3. 6
3. 6

1.0
1. 3
.9
(3)
.6
.6
1 .4
1. 8
1. 1
.4
1. 2
1.3
1 .4
1. 3

9 .8
5 .5
7. 1
3 .6
8 .7
6 .4
17.3
14.4
12.8
3.7
13.3
13. 9
11.2
11. 5

8. 5
3 .6
6 .2
3 .3
8 .2
6 .0
14.7
11.3
10. 5
3 .6
11. 5
10. 3
8 .8
9 .3

2 .4
2 .7
1. 6
(3)
1 .4
1. 2
3 .3
5 .4
2 .8
.7
2 .9
3.8
3. 5
3 .4

10.4
5 .9
7 .4
3 .7
9 .0
6. 7
18.6
15.4
13. 7
3 .9
14. 2
14.9
11.9
12. 2

9 .0
3 .9
6 .4
3. 5
8 .4
6 .3
15.8
12.2
11. 2
3 .8
12. 2
11. 1
9 .4
9 .9

2. 6
2 .9
1. 6
(3)
1. 5
1. 3
3. 5
5 .9
3. 0
.8
3. 1
4. 1
3. 8
3. 6

4. 1
5.3
3 .9
3. 1

2 .9
3 .9
3 .0
2.8

1. 5
1. 6
1. 1
.7

4 .3
5. 6
4. 0
3 .2

3. 0
4. 1
3. 2
2 .8

1. 5
1.7
1. 1
.7

9 .8
15.3
9 .6
6 .4

7 .0
11.2
7 .6
5 .8

3 .6
4 .6
2 .7
1.4

10. 6
16. 5
10. 3
6 .7

7.
12.
8.
6.

3. 8
4 .9
2 .9
1. 5

D etail by p r a c tic e does not add to total because of a change in the base used in com puting each o f the com ponents.
Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied products, and petroleum refining and rela ted products industries not presented separately.
Data do not m eet publication c r it e r ia .




Cents per plant hour

5
0
1
1

T able 15.

D istribution o f P rodu ction and R elated W orkers by Em ployer Expenditures fo r P rem iu m Paym ents As A P e rce n t of G ros s P a yroll,
by Region and Manufacturing Industry G roup, 1962
P e rce n t of p roduction and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—

R eg ion and industry group

W ork ers
in all
e sta b lish ­
ments
(percent)

Expenditures fo r p rem iu m paym ents
No
expendi­
tures
fo r the
p ra ctice

A s a p e rce n t of g r o s s p a y ro ll
A ll

Under
1

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
3

3
and
under
4

4
and
under
5

5
and
under
6

6
and
under
7

7
and
under
8

United States 1
Nor the a s t-_____ __________ _________ „„____
S o u th ......__ —______ __ ________ r___________ __
N orth C e n tr a l--------------------- ----------- ------------W e s t ----------------------------------------------- ---------------

100
100
100
100
100

7
11
8
3
6

93
89
92
97
94

8
8
8
8
9

12
13
10
12
11

16
15
18
15
18

14
16
11*
13
14

13
11
14
15
14

9
8
9
10
10

7
6
8
7
10

4
4
5
6
2

F ood and k indred p rod u cts . ____ ___________ . . .
T o b a c co m a n u fa ctu res____ -__ . . . . . _________ . . .
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ____________________ _____ _
A p parel and other fin ish ed te xtile p r o d u c t s ...
Lum ber and w ood p r o d u c ts -------------------------------Fu rn iture and fix tu res ----------------- ----------------P a per and a llied p rod u cts ____________________
Printin g, publishing, and a llie d in d u strie s-----Rubber and m is c e lla n e o u s p la s tic s p ro d u cts—_
Leath er and leath er p r o d u c ts -----------— . — . — __
Stone, cla y , and g la ss p r o d u c t s ---- ------ --- -------P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s —------------ ---- -— -____
F a b rica ted m etal p rod u cts -______ -— — ______
M achinery, excep t e le c t r ic a l______ . . . . . ________
E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
supplie s _________________________________________
T ran sp ortation equ ip m en t------. . . . — ----------------Instrum ents and rela ted p rod u cts . . . . . . — _____ _
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ---------

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

12
10
3
30
16
9
4
10
3
8
4
(2)
5
3

88
90
97
70
84
91
96
90
97
92
96
99
95
97

10
15
7
25
6
11
2
7
2
23
4
1
8
8

9
21
11
16
11
21
3
11
9
27
10
5
13
15

15
17
24
17
8
21
9
15
10
28
13
21
16
14

15
19
13
7
18
11
6
10
22
8
12
20
19
18

16
12
15
3
13
6
13
14
10
4
16
18
11
16

6
_
9
.
14
10
10
8
16
1
10
10
8
9

4
6
6
2
3
3
10
8
15
(2)
5
8
6
5

100
100
100
100

2
(2)
4
14

98
99
96
86

7
2
5
12

15
10
18
21

16
12
18
22

15
11
16
12

15
16
15
6

13
17
10
6

11
12
7
3

B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals.




9
and
under
10

10
and
under

11
and
over

4
3
3
6
4

2
1
2
3
(1
2)

1
1
1
1
2

2
1
1
3
(2)

6

_

2

4
_
7
1
11
4
3
1
6
8
6
5

2
(2)
2
(2)
1
(2)
6
2
1
(2)
2
1
2
1

_1
_

4

5
(2)
2
5
15
6
4
(2)
9
7
3
3
2
6
3
2

2
4
1
1

(2)
4
1
(2)

1 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch e m ica ls and allied p ro d u cts, and petroleu m refining and re la te d produ cts industries not p resen ted separately.
2 L e s s than 0.5 perce n t.
N OTE:

8
and
under
9

_

_

(2)

(2)
1
2
1
(2)
(2)
3
(2)
1
2
(2)
4
_

(2)

(2)
10
6
4
(2)
6
1
2
2
(2)
1
(2)

T able 16.

D istribution of P roduction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r O vertim e, Weekend, and Holiday W ork P rem ium s
As A P ercen t of G ro ss P a y ro ll, by Region and Manufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P ercen t o f production and related w ork ers in establishm ents with—

R egion and industry group

W orkers
in all
establish ­
ments
(percent)

Expenditures fo r overtim e, weekend, and holiday w ork prem ium s
No
expendi­
tures
fo r the
practice

As a percent o f g r o s s payroll
All

Under
1

and
under
2

2
and
under
3

3
and
under
4

4
and
under
5

5
and
under
6

United States 1---------------------------------------- ----------N o r t h e a s t-.-......- ----- ------------ — ------------ _
South-------- ----- ------------------------------ ------ —
N orth C e n tr a l_____ ________________________
W e s t----------------------------------------------------------------

100
100
100
100
100

8
12
9
4
7

92
88
91
96
93

11
10
11
11
11

18
21
16
17
19

19
19
20
18
18

15
16
13
16
14

11
8
10
11
19

F ood and kindred p r o d u c ts ----------------------- -----T ob a cco m an ufactures---------------------------------------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s --------------------------- ----------Apparel and other fin ish ed textile p r o d u c t s __
L um ber and w ood p rod u cts______ __ _ . . . . ____
Fu rn iture and f ix t u r e s ..._______ ___
P aper and allied products
__—____
P rintin g, publishing, and a llie d in d u stries— —
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la stics produ cts__
L eather and leath er p rod u cts__- —___ -___——
Stone, cla y , and g lass p r o d u c t s ____ __________
P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s — ---------------------- —
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c ts ---------------------------- --M achinery, excep t e le c t r ic a l_______ ___________
E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
su pplies------ ------ — — ------------ -----------------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t--------------------------------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s _____________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ---------

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

12
11
5
30
16
9
5
12
4
9
4
1
5
5

88
89
95
70
84
91
95
88
96
91
96
99
95
95

12
28
8
25
8
12
3
9
4
24
6
3
12
13

13
20
23
16
9
25
7
15
14
27
11
22
20
19

18
27
19
17
11
17
10
15
17
27
18
23
17
20

13
11
12
7
17
11
11
17
19
8
12
21
15
18

12
3
11
3
15
5
14
13
17
4
16
6
10
8

12
10
10
6
16
1
10
10
9
4

100
100
100
100

2
(2)
4
14

98
99
96
86

11
7
8
14

21
16
27
27

26
21
17
17

23
12
18
9

11
16
17
9

2
11
2
4

6
4
8
9
5
5

6
and
under
7

7
and
under
8

6
5
6
6
4

2
1
2
3
2

8
and
under
9

B ecau se o f rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals.




1
1
1
1
(2)
1
(2)
1
(2)
1
1
3
3
1
( 2)
1

4

4

2

_

_

_

_

11
1
4
3
16
5
4

3

9
11
4
4

1
(2)
1
4
9
1
1
(2)
3
(2)
2
3

3
8
5
3

(2)
5
1
1

-

Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied products, and petroleum refining and related products industries not presented separately.
L ess than 0. 5 p ercen t.
NOTE:

2
1
3
2
2

7
.

9
and
under
10

_

6
1
5
2
(2)
1
2
2
2
3
( 2)
(2)
1

.
_

(2)
( 2)

10
and
under
11

11
and
over

1
1
1
(2)
(2)

1
1
1
2
(2)

1

_

_2
(2)

(2)

_

(*)

3
(2)
2

5
2
3
(2)
5
(2)
3
1

_

2
1
(2)
1
_

(2)
(*)
(*>

(2)
1
(2)

Table 17.

D istribution of Production and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r Prem ium Paym ents In Cents P e r Hour Paid For,
by R egion and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P e rce n t of production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—

R egion and industry group

W orkers
in all
establish -

Expenditures fo r prem ium payments
No
expendi-

In cents per hour paid fo r
1
2
4
8
12
10
14
18
l6
20
22
24
26
28
and
Under and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
under under under under under under under under under under under under under under under
1
12
2
6
8
10
4
16
14
18
20
26
22
24
28
30

(percent)

fo r the
p ra ctice

A ll

----------United States 1------ ------ -----------------No r the a s t______ _____________ ______ _____ __
South_______ ____ ________________ ___________
N orth C e n tr a l--------------------- --------W e s t _________________________________________

100
100
100
100
100

7
11
8
3
6

93
89
92
97
94

4
4
4
3
3

5
5
5
4
4

12
13
17
10
9

11
11
11
10
12

10
9
11
13
8

9
10
10
8
11

9
8
8
8
11

7
7
7
8
7

6
6
5
7
6

6
7
3
7
9

3
2
4
4
5

3
2
2
3
3

2
1
2
3
1

2
1
1
3
1

1
1
1
1
(2)

1
( 2)
1
1
( 2)

2
2
1
4
3

F ood and kindred products — -----------------------T ob a cco m an ufactures--------------------- ----------------Textile m ill p r o d u c ts ---------------------------------------A p parel and other fin ish ed textile products —
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts------------------------------Furn iture and fix tu re s-------------------- ---------------Pa per and a llied p r o d u c ts _____________________
Printin g, publishing, and a llied in d u stries---Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la stics products—
Leath er and leather p rod u cts--------------------------Stone, c la y , and glass p r o d u c t s ---------------------P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s _____________ ______
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s _________ ________
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l--------------E le c t r ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
su pplies------------------------------------------------ _
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t_____________________
Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s ____________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s --------

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

12
10
3
30
16
9
4
10
3
8
4
(2)
5
3

88
90
97
70
84
91
96
90
97
92
96
99
95
97

4
8
3
14
4
4
1
4
1
10
1
3
2

5
6
6
16
4
8
1
(2)
2
16
2
1
1
4

11
26
22
23
10
21
3
10
8
41
7
5
10
9

9
17
18
10
13
16
7
10
7
16
7
2
14
12

15
11
14
3
13
14
7
11
7
3
13
7
15
11

9
15
13
1
10
11
6
6
11
2
8
19
11
14

7
8
1
16
8
7
5
10
2
10
9
10
11

9
(2)
7
1
3
5
11
4
12
8
12
6
8

7
6
4
_
4
1
5
6
12
( 2)
7
14
5
5

2
_
1
1
2
3
8
8
7
1
8
7
5
6

3
_
2
1
_
5
1
3
5
7
2
3

1
_
( 2)

2
_

2
_

1
_

( 2)

1
_
9
5
10
( 2)
8
2
1
3

(2)
6
4
4
_
3
3
3
2

(2)
3
_
9
4
(2)
! 2)
1
2
1
2

(2)
(2)

1
_
(2)
(*)

_
2
2
( 2)

_
1
2
( 2)

4
3
(2)
2

1
1
3
( 2)

8
8
3
_
2
5
4
3

100
100
100
100

2
( 2)
4
14

98
99
96
86

3
(2)
2
2

6
1
2
10

11
7
12
22

13
8
18
18

15
4
14
15

10
8
11
4

10
10
8
4

7
10
5
2

3
9
5
4

17
12
2
2

1
6
3
( 2)

( 2)
4
13
( 2)

(2)
4
_
1

1
2
_
1

(2)
5
( 2)

(2)
3
_

(2)
5
(2)

_

_
_

_

30
and
over

_

_
_

_

'
1 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , chem icals and allied products, and petroleum refining and related products industries not presented separately,
2 L es s than 0. 5 percen t.
NOTE:

Becau se o f rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals.




Co

co

T able 18.

00

D istribution of Produ ction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r O vertim e, W eekend, and H oliday W ork P rem iu m s
In Cents P e r Hour P aid F o r , by Region and M anufacturing Industry G roup, 1962
P e rce n t o f production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—
Expendituresi fo r o v e rtim e , w eekend, and holiday w ork prem ium s

W orkers
Region and industry group

In cents p e r hour paid fo r

establish ments
(percent)

expendifo r the
practice

A ll

United States 1-------------------- ------- -________ __
N ortheast— ____ _____ __ _
.
South___________ ______________ ________ _
N orth C e n tr a l______________ -_______________
W e s t---------------------------------------------------------------

100
100
100
100
100

8
12
9
4
7

92
88
91
96
93

4
4
5
4
3

6
6
6
5
6

16
17
20
13
14

13
12
13
15
14

14
14
13
13
9

11
12
10
9
12

9
6
8
10
10

5
5
4
7
11

4
4
3
6
4

2
2
2
4
3

2
2
2
3
1

2
1
2
2
2

2
1
1
2
1

F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s ------------------------ ----T ob a cco m an u factu res------------- —________ ______
T extile m ill p r o d u c ts - _ _
A pparel and other fin ish ed textile products
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts_______________- ____
F u rniture and fix tu r e s _________________________
P aper and a llie d p r o d u c t s ____ _______ _________
Printin g, publishing, and allie d in d u strie s___
Rubber and m is c e lla n e o u s p la s tics p ro d u cts—
Leath er and leath er p rod u cts— ______ ______
Stone, cla y , and g la ss p r o d u c t s -------- -— - —
P r im a r y m eta l in d u stries - ____ __ ______ _
F a bricated m eta l p r o d u c t s ____ ___ _________
M achinery, ex cep t e le c t r ic a l__________________
E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent, and
suppli e s _____ —_________— __ —__ ___ _________
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t_____________________
Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s _____________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s _____

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

12
11
5
30
16
9
5
12
4
9
4
1
5
5

88
89
95
70
84
91
95
88
96
91
96
99
95
95

4
16
4
14
4
6
1
3
1
10
2
5
3

6
14
7
16
5
8
2
2
3
15
3
1
4
6

14
17
27
23
10
22
6
14
12
42
10
5
15
12

11
31
17
9
14
19
8
6
9
17
8
20
16
15

14
4
14
4
12
10
9
14
16
1
16
13
15
16

12
6
9
1
13
11
7
9
8
2
10
17
11
14

8
8
2
12
8
10
12
13
3
8
12
5
6

6
(2)
3
1
6
4
9
4
10
(2)
10
6
9
5

5
4
2
2
7
4
6
(2)
10
8
2
4

2
(2)
2
2
9
5
3
1
6
3
3
2

2
( 2)
1
7
2
8
4
3
2
3

1
(2)

1
( 2)
5
1
1
3
3
1
2

100
100
100
100

2
(2)
4
14

98
99
96
86

4
2
4
4

7
1
3
10

18
12
25
27

16
12
16
17

23
13
10
11

16
9
10
4

8
11
7
4

2
11
9
4

1
8
9

1
4
1
2

1
5
(2)
1

( 2)
5
1

14
16
18
4
10
12
20
22
14
26
28
2
8
6
1
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
Under and
under under under under under under under under under under under under under under under
1
22
24
10
12
14
16
18
20
30
26
28
2
6
4
8

1

6
2
2
( 2)
2
3
4
1

1

1 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied products, and petroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not p resented separately.
2 L e s s than 0. 5 p ercen t.
NOTE:

Becau se o f rounding, sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.




1
0

(2)
2
1
1
3
2
2
-

(2)
1
4
( 2)
1

30
and
over

1
(1
2)
1
1
(2)

<*)
(?)
(?)
( 2)
1

1
1
(2)
1
1

(2)
1
(2)
(2)
1
3
2

(2)
( 2)
2
( 2)

(2)

<*)
2

1
(2)

-

( 2)
2

1

-

1

-

-

(2)

-

_
6
6
1
2
(2)
2
2
(2)
(?)
(2)

Table 19.

D istribution of P rodu ction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r Shift D ifferentials
In Cents P e r Hour Paid F o r , by Region and Manufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P e rce n t o f production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents withr—•

Region and industry group

W orkers
in all
e sta b lish ­
ments
(percent)

Expenditures fo r shift differen tials
No
expendi­
tures
fo r the
p ra ctice

In cents per hour paid fo r
A ll

Under

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
4

4
and
under
6

6
and
under
8

United States 1____________ _____ _____________
N ortheast____________________________________
South— — — — _ --------------N orth C e n tr a l___ ________ __ __ _
W e s t __________________________ _

100
100
100
100
100

39
43
49
29
37

61
57
51
71
63

11
9
10
14
11

12
11
13
12
9

17
17
13
18
20

12
11
9
15
14

6
6
3
7
6

F ood and kindred p r o d u c ts--------------------- --- _
T ob a cco m anufactures--------- - ---------- _ _
T extile m ill p r o d u c ts __________________________
A pparel and other finished textile p r o d u c ts __
Lum ber and w ood products____________ ___
Fu rn iture and fixtu res- ________ __________ _
P aper and a llied p ro d u cts------------------ _
Printin g, publishing, and allied industries____
Rubber and m iscella n eou s plastics products__
Leath er and leather products__________________
Stone, cla y , and glass p r o d u c ts __ __—
P r im a r y m etal in d u s tr ie s __- _______ -__ — _
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c ts _________________ ___
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l-------------- —----------E le c t r ic a l m achinery, equipment, and
su p p lies- — __ - __ __ — _________ —____ _
T ran sp ortation equipm ent--------------------------------Instrum ents and related products __ ______ — _
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u strie s__ - ___

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

51
35
34
97
68
71
19
44
18
91
39
5
36
32

49
65
66
3
32
29
81
56
82
9
61
95
64
68

11
14
17
1
16
17
7
9
6
6
14
7
12
10

14
10
37
(2)
6
6
9
6
27
3
10
11
11
12

15
36
10
1
9
5
41
8
34
1
17
25
23
25

7
_
1
1
(2)
1
19
11
9

3
6
1
_

16
43
6
10

(2)
(2)
3
7
5
_
1
2
5
8

100
100
100
100

20
9
28
63

80
91
72
37

18
13
25
16

16
8
9
13

15
18
21
6

14
23
8
1

12
22
7
1

8
and
under
10

10
and
over

2
2
3
3
(2)

1
1
1
2
3

( 2)

(2)

(2)
_

_
(2)

_

_

1
5
(2)

(2)
9

1
2
4
2

( 2)
5
2
1

5
4
2

1
3
_

_

'
1 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied products, and petroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not presented
separately.
2 L e s s than 0. 5 percent.
NOTE:




Because o f rounding, sums o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.

W
tn

Chapter 4. Yearend, Christmas, and Other Irregular Bonuses
Bonuses
All E stablishm ents.
During 1962, yearend, C hristm as, and irreg u la r
bonuses ^ co m p rised less than 1 percen t of the g ro ss and straigh t-tim e payrolls
fo r production and related w ork ers in the manufacturing industries and amounted
to slightly le ss than 2 cents p er hour paid fo r o r p e r plant hour (table 20),
Bonus paym ents, among the industries fo r which data w ere available, ranged
from a high of 1.9 percen t of g ro ss p a y roll and 4 .8 cents p er hour paid fo r in
the instrum ents industry, to a low of 0. 3 percen t and 0 .8 cent in the tra n s­
portation equipment group.
The lev el of bonus expenditure among the industry
groups, how ever, did not follow any defined industry wage pattern.
Industries
at both ends of the wage spectrum had rela tively low levels of bonus expenditures,
while som e of the groups in the m idrange of the wage pattern had com paratively
high expenditures fo r bonuses.
Bonus expenditures, among all manufacturing plants, ranged up to 11 p e r ­
cent o r m o re of g ro ss p a y roll and 20 cents o r m o re p e r 1962 hour paid fo r
(tables 21 and 22). A sp ecia l analysis of the data indicated that the highest levels
of bonus expenditures w ere gen erally found in establishm ents with few er than
250 em ployees and in plants in which none o r a m in ority of the production w ork ers
w ere cov ered by co lle ctiv e ly bargained agreem ents.
P re v a le n ce . Slightly ov er on e-th ird of all production and related w ork ers
w ere em ployed by m anufacturing establishm ents that paid nonproduction bonuses
during 1962.
By industry, the prop ortion ranged from about on e-fifth in the
transportation equipment, p rim a ry m etal, and e le c tr ic a l equipment groups to
a lm ost th ree-fifth s in m iscella n eou s m anufacturing. Between onie-fourth and on ehalf of the production w ork ers in the other in du stries, fo r which data are a vaila­
ble, w ere em ployed by plants that paid yearend, C hristm as, and other irreg u la r
bonuses during 1962.
Establishm ents With E xpenditures. Bonuses among establishm ents with
expenditures, com p rised 2. 2 p ercen t of g ro ss and 2. 3 p ercen t of straigh t-tim e
p a y roll. These payments amounted to 4. 9 cents p er hour paid fo r , o r 5 .2 cents
p er plant hour. Among the industries fo r which data w ere available, the highest
expenditures fo r establishm ents with bonuses in 1962, either as a p ercen t of
g ro s s p a y roll or in cents p er hour paid fo r , w ere found in the instrum ents group
(4 .8 p ercen t and 12.0 cents p er hour), and the low est expenditures w ere found in
the apparel and leather industries (1 .3 p ercen t and 2. 2 cents p er hour).
A lm ost seven-tenths of the w ork ers in manufacturing establishm ents that
paid bonuses w ere em ployed by plants in which the payments com p rised less than
2 p ercen t of g ro s s p a y roll and amounted to less than 4 cents p er 1962 hour paid
fo r . These establishm ents w ere p rim a rily in the low er earnings industries in the
Northeast and the South. The other w ork ers (about 30 p ercen t) w ere em ployed by
establishm ents in which bonus payments com p rised at lea st 2 percen t of g ro ss
p a y roll, and amounted to at least 4 cents p er hour. The establishm ents with co m ­
paratively high bonus expenditures w ere gen erally located in the N ortheast and
North Central region s, and w ere p rim a rily in industries with production w ork er
average hourly earnings in the m idrange of the wage pattern fo r manufacturing.
13
For purposes o f this study, production bonuses, incentive and suggestion awards, and bonuses for longevity and
perfect attendance were not considered to be yearend or irregular bonuses.




36

T a ble 20.

E m p loyer Expenditures fo r Yearend, C h ristm as, and Other Irreg u la r Bonuses fo r P rodu ction and R elated W orkers in M anufacturing Industry Establishm ents
and in Establishm ents With Expenditures fo r the P r a c t ic e , by Industry G roup, 1962
E m ployer expenditures in—
A ll establishm ents

Industry group

A ll industries 1_____________________________
F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s ___________ _______ _
T o b a c co m anufactures______ __________________
T e x tile m ill p r o d u c t s ___________________________
A pparel and other finished textile p r o d u c ts __
Lu m ber and w ood p rod u cts _____________________
Furniture and fix tu r e s__________________________
P a p er and a llied p r o d u c t s ______________________
P rin tin g, publishing, and allied in d u stries___
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s p rodu cts__
L eather and leather p ro d u cts ____________ ______
Stone, c la y , and g la ss p r o d u c t s _______________
P r im a r y m etal in d u s tr ie s _________ ___________
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s _____________________
M ach in ery, except e l e c t r i c a l _________________
E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies________________________________________
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t______________________
Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s _____________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ______

E stablishm ents with expenditures for the pra ctice

P e rce n t o f
g r o s s payroll

P e rce n t of
straigh t-tim e
p a yroll

Cents per
hour paid fo r

0. 7

0. 7

1. 7

P e rce n t o f
g r o s s p a y ro ll

P ercen t of
straigh t-tim e
pa y ro ll

Cents p er
hour paid for

Cents per
plant hour

1. 8

2. 2

2. 3

4 .9

5. 2

2.
2.
1.
1.
2.
1.
1.
2.
2.
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.

3
6
6
3
2
6
5
0
1
3
5
2
7
0

2. 4
2. 6
1. 7
1 .4
2. 3
1. 7
1. 6
2. 1
2. 2
1. 3
1. 6
2. 3
2. 8
3. 1

5.
5.
2.
2.
4.
3.
3.
5.
4.
2.
3.
6.
6.
7.

2
0
8
2
1
0
6
8
7
2
5
1
5
8

5. 5
5. 3
2.9
2. 2
4. 2
3. 2
3. 8
6. 2
5. 0
2. 4
3. 6
6.5
6 .9
8. 3

2.
1.
4.
2.

1
6
8
7

2.
1.
5.
2.

5.
4.
12.
5.

0
6
0
5

5. 3
4.9
12.9
5. 8

Cents per
plant hour

0. 8
1. 1
.6
.6
.7
.7
.4
.8
.5
.6
.5
.4
1. 1
1. 3

0 .9
1. 2
.6
.6
.8
.7
.5
.8
.5
.6
.5
.4
1. 2
1. 3

1. 9
2. 3
1. 1
1. 0
1.4
1. 4
1. 1
2. 3
1. 2
1. 1
1. 2
1. 2
2.9
3. 5

2. 1
2. 4
1. 1
1. 1
1. 5
1. 5
1. 1
2. 5
1. 3
1. 2
1. 3
1. 3
3. 1
3. 7

.5
. 3
1.9
1. 6

.
.
2.
1.

1.
.
4.
3.

1. 2
.9
5. 1
3.5

5
3
0
6

1
8
8
3

2
7
0
8

Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and a llied prod u cts, and petroleu m refining and related products industries not presen ted separately.




Co
<1

T able 21.

D istribution o f Produ ction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r Yearend, C h ristm as, and Other Irreg u la r Bonuses
As A P e rce n t of G ross P a y ro ll, by Region and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962

to

OD

P e rce n t o f production and related w ork ers in establishm ents with—

R egion and industry group

United States 1__________ _________________ ___
N ortheast____ __________ __________ _____
South--------- --------------- _ __________ ____ .
N orth C e n tr a l___ __ ____
____ __ _
W e s t --------------------------------------------------------------F ood and kindred p r o d u c ts _________ —____ ___
T ob a cco m an u factures----------------- --- ------- --------T extile m ill p r o d u c ts — — -_____ _____ __ __
Apparel and other finished textile produ cts —
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts_________ _______
F urniture and fix tu r e s ------- —_____ _______ ___ __
P aper and allied p r o d u c ts ------------------------- ----P rinting, publishing, and allie d in d u strie s___
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la stics p ro d u cts—
L eather and leather p rod u cts____ -___ _______
Stone, cla y , and glass p r o d u c ts __ ____________
P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ___
__________ __
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c ts ------------------------------M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l— ______ _______
E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
su pplies----------------- --------------------------- ---------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t-----------------------------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c ts _____________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s --------

W orkers
in all
e stablish ­
ments
(percent)

100
100
100
100
100

Expenditures fo r yearend, C h ristm as, and other irr e g u la r bonuses
No
expendi­
tures
fo r the
p ractice

65
63
63
67
74

As a percen t o f g ro s s p ayroll
All

Under

35
37
37
33
26

16
17
15
16
14

and
under
2
8
9
12
7
4

2
and
under
3
4
4
4
4
3

3
and
under
4
2
2
3
2
2

4
and
under
5
1
2
1
1
(2)

5
and
under
6

6
and
under
7

7
and
under
8

8
and
under
9

9
and
under
10

10
and
under
11

1
1
1
1
(2)

1
1
1
1
1

(1
2)
(2)
( 2)
( 2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
1
(2)

( 2)
2
2
M

(2)
1

1
5
( 2)
1
(2)
1
( 2)
1
_
_

!
7
1
( 2)

(2)
1
(2)

(2)

( 2)

(*)

(2)
M

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

64
55
61
53
67
55
71
61
75
51
67
81
55
56

36
45
39
47
33
45
29
39
25
49
33
19
45
44

16
26
16
27
15
15
15
17
11
28
18
9
18
17

9
5
16
10
7
19
8
9
6
11
8
1
9
11

5
_
2
5
2
6
2
5
3
5
3
4
7
5

2
1
2
3
5
1
1
2
1
3
2
(2)
2
3

1
(2)
2
2
2
1
1
1
(2)
2
3

(2)
2
2
1

( 2)
1
1
_
1
1
1
1

100
100
100
100

77
82
61
42

23
18
39
58

12
12
6
23

4
1
13
11

2
2
3
5

1
1
5
7

1
_
2
3

1
1
1
1

( 2)
1
1
1

1
(2)

_

_
_
_

1
1

(2)

(»)

_
_
_

2

H

(2)

i
(2)

_
_
1
2

_
_
(2)
( 2)

NOTE:

B ecau se o f rounding, sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.




1
_

1
1
(2)
1
2
!
_
_
_

(2)

(2)

(2)
(2)

(2)
1
(2)

( 2)
_
1
_
_
(2)
_
_
_
2
'

1 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and a llied products, and petroleum refining and rela ted products industries not presented separately.
2 L ess than 0. 5 percen t.

(2)
w

11
and
over

_
_
_
(2)
3

(2)
1
2
2

_
_
_
3

6
1

1

T able 22.

Distribution of Production and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r Y earend, C h ristm as, and Other Irreg u la r B onuses
In Cents P e r Hour Paid F o r , by Region and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P e rce n t o f production and rela ted w ork ers in establishm ents with—

R egion and industry group

W orkers
in all
e stablish ­
ments
(percent)

Expenditures fo r yearend, C hristm as, and other irreg u la r bonuses
No
expendi­
tures
for the
p ra ctice

In cents per hour paid fo r
A ll

Under
1

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
4

4
and
under
6

6
and
under
8

8
and
under
10

10
and
under
12

12
and
under
14

14
and
under
16

16
and
under
18

18
and
under
20

20
and
over

1
2
1
1

(2)
(2)
(2)
1
(2)

1
1
1
1
1

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

1
2
(2)
1
2

(2)

(2)
9
1
2
1
.
1
1
_
(2)

(2)

(2)

.
1
.
_

(*)

1
1
.
_
1

(*)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
1
.
_
1
_
-

(2)
3
1
(2)

1
1
2

1
8
2

United States 1
N or the a s t__________________ _________________
South . . . . . . . . .
__ . . .
. . ____ —__
N orth C entral . ------ _
— __ . . _.
W est
.....................................................................

100
100
100
100
100

65
63
63
67
74

35
37
37
33
26

9
9
10
7
6

7
7
9
7
5

8
8
9
7
6

4
5
4
3
3

2
2
1
3
2

1
1
(2)
1
(2)

F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s ------------- -----—-------- —
T o b a c co m an u factu res- ----—
---—
T extile m ill produ cts
-----— ..
-. .
A p parel and other fin ish ed te xtile products —
Lum ber and w ood p ro d u cts _____________________
F u rn iture and f ix t u r e s .. —
P aper and allied produ cts
— — . . . . .
Printin g, publishing, and a llie d in d u stries— .
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s produ cts—
Leather and leather p ro d u cts — — — . - —
Stone, cla y, and glass produ cts
.
. —
P r im a r y m etal in du stries
——
— - .
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s ----------- —____________
M achinery, except e l e c t r i c a l._________ ________
E le c t r ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
supplie s ________________________________________
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t______ ___ ________ ____
Instrum ents and rela ted products —_____ ______
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ______

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

64
55
61
53
67
55
71
61
75
51
67
81
55
56

36
45
39
47
33
45
29
39
25
49
33
19
45
44

9
23
10
21
8
9
7
6
7
23
6
3
7
6

7
3
11
10
10
11
5
7
3
5
12
6
7
9

7
5
13
10
4
15
9
11
9
12
8
1
11
9

5
(2)
3
3
5
5
3
7
2
4
3
2
8
5

2
(2)

1
_
(2)
(2)
(2)

100
100
100
100

77
82
61
42

23
18
39
58

8
5
4
10

2
5
3
15

5
2
8
10

2
1
5
7

1
2
2
4

3
2
2
2
2
1
3
1
2
3
2

1
1
(2>
0

()
(2)
4
1
-

3
2

3
3
_
(2)
(2)
1
1
1
(2)
(2)
1
1
2
1
(2)
1
4
3

(2)
1
(2)
1
_
1
(2)
1
1

2
( 2)

1
(2)
1
1

1
(2)
2

1
(2)
(*)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(*)

_

1
3
6

1 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , chem icals and allied p rodu cts, and p etroleu m refining and related products industries not presen ted separately.
2 L es s than 0.5 p ercen t.
N OTE:

B ecau se of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals.




VO

Chapter 5. Legally Required Insurance Programs

Total L egally R equired Insurance
E m ployer expenditures fo r the legally req u ired insurance p rogram s w ere
equal to approxim ately 6 percent of the 1962 g ro s s and straight-tim e payrolls
fo r production and related w ork ers in m anufacturing, and amounted to about
14 cents per hour paid for or 15 cents per plant hour. (See chart 5 and table 23.)
S ocial secu rity expenditures com p rised about 45 percent and unemployment c o m ­
pensation about 37 percent of the total; the rem ainder was expended fo r w ork ­
m en ’ s com pensation cov era g e, and other lega lly req u ired insurance p rogra m s.
In g en eral, expenditures fo r the legally requ ired insurances as a percent
of pa yroll w ere highest among industries with the low est average w ages; when
expenditures w ere exp ressed in cents, how ever, they w ere highest among high
wage indu stries. N everth eless, the lum ber industry, due to rela tively high e x ­
penditures fo r w orkm en’ s com pensation, had higher expenditures fo r the legally
requ ired in su ra n ces, either as a percent of p a yroll or in cents per hour paid fo r
than any other industry group fo r which data w ere available.
The contributions made by em p loyers for so cia l secu rity and unem ploy­
ment com pensation (the two largest com ponents of the lega lly req u ired program s)
fo r their production fo r c e are based on form u las which apply the contribution
rate to each w o r k e r 's earnings up to a m axim um a m ou n t.1* S im ilar p rovision s
a re found in m ost State tem porary disability insurance law s. 1
15 A s a resu lt, the
4
em ployer expenditures in industries with average earnings at or below the form ula
m axim um rep resen t a greater percent of pa yroll than in those with higher average
earnings. On the other hand, ce n ts-p e r-h o u r expenditures a re a function of the
contribution rate (tax rate applied to the b ase), earnings, and hours.
H ence,
industries with a verage annual earnings above the form ula m axim um would have
a higher ce n ts -p e r-h o u r expenditure than those with low er earnings, unless a
substantially grea ter number of hours w ere w orked to achieve the higher ea rn ­
ings lev el.
S ocial secu rity payments by em p loy ers, in industry groups fo r which
data are available, com p rised the la rgest single com ponent of em ployer expendi­
tu res fo r the lega lly requ ired insurance p rog ra m s, except in the apparel, leather,
and lum ber in du stries. The apparel and leather industries both had higher e x ­
penditures fo r unemployment com pensation. The apparel industry is highly s e a ­
sonal, while the leather industry has one of the highest quit rates in the m anu­
facturing in dustries, and a lso ex p erien ces som e seasonal change.
The lum ber
industry had higher expenditures for w orkm en’ s com pensation due to an extrem ely
high frequency of w ork in ju ries. 16
14 The social security contribution rate was 3.125 percent of first $4,800 in 1962. The earnings base for un­
employment compensation taxes in all but nine States was $3, OOOj in seven States employer contributions were based
on the first $3, 600, in one State on the first $3, 800, and in one State on the first $7, 200 of earnings. The tax rate
for unemployment compensation varies by State; and within the States, different rates were applied to establishments
according to various criteria. (See Comparison of State Unemployment insurance Laws as o f January 1, 1962, Bureau
of Employment Security, Publication U -141.) Contribution rates for Federal unemployment taxes were 0 .8 percent of
the first $3,000 in all States except Alaska and Michigan. The rate was 1.1 percent in Alaska and 0 .9 5 in Michigan.
15 Comparison of Temporary Disability Insurance Laws. January 1. 1962
(Bureau of Employment Security,
Publication U-211).
16 See Monthly Labor Review . April 1963, tables A -3 , B -l, and F - l.




40

41

Chart 5. Employer Expenditures for Legally Required
Insurance Programs, Manufacturing Industries, 1962
Pr oduct ion a n d R e l a t e d W o r k e r s

Percent

of g r o s s

2
L e g a lly

req u ire d

program s

S o c ia l

^

p ayroll

3

4

in su ra n c e

-------------------------

s e c u r i t y _____ _____

U n e m p lo y m e n t
c o m p e n s a t i o n ------------------

W o r k m e n ’s c o m p e n s a t i o n

C ents

L e g a lly

re q u ire d

program s

S o c ia l

per h o u r

paid

for

in su ra n ce

±1 _________________

s e c u r i t y -------------------

U n e m p lo y m e n t
c o m p e n s a t i o n * ------------------

W o r k m e n ’s c o m p e n s a t i o n

\J




In c lu d e s

le g a lly

req u ire d

in suran ce

program s

not

show n

se p a ra te ly .

42
A ll production and related w ork ers in the manufacturing industries during
1962, w ere em ployed by establishm ents with expenditures fo r som e type of legally
req u ired insurance p rogram . Fully th ree-fou rth s of the w ork ers w ere em ployed
by establishm ents with expenditures that ranged from 4 to 8 percent of g ro ss
p a yroll; the greatest concentration of w ork ers (23 percent) was found in esta b ­
lishm ents with expenditures of 5 to 6 percent (table 24). M ore than th ree-fifth s
of all production w ork ers w ere em ployed by establishm ents with expenditures
that ranged fro m 10 to 17 cents per hour paid fo r ; this was true in each of the
industries studied, except the lum ber and textile groups (table 27). A lm ost th r e e fifths of the production and related w ork ers in the lum ber industry w ere em ployed
by establishm ents with expenditures equaling 8 percent or m o re of g ro s s p ayroll;
about the same prop ortion of w ork ers in the textile industry w ere em ployed by
plants with expenditures of le s s than 10 cents per hour paid fo r .

S ocial Security
S ocial secu rity contributions m ade by em p loyers fo r their production
fo r c e equaled 2. 6 percent of g ro s s pa yroll and 2 .7 percent of straigh t-tim e
p a y roll, and amounted to 6. 3 cents per 1962 hour paid fo r , or 6. 7 cents per
plant hour.
The highest em ployer expenditures as a percent of g ro ss p a yroll, among
the industries fo r which data a re available, w ere found in the tex tiles, tob a cco,
furniture, and leather industries; m easu red in term s of cents per hour paid fo r ,
h ow ever, the highest expenditures w ere found in the p rim a ry m etal, transportation
equipment, and printing in du stries.
The low est expenditures w ere found as a
percen t of p a y roll in the p rim a ry m etal, printing, transportation equipment, and
m achinery (except e le ctric a l) industries; in term s of cents per hour paid fo r the
apparel, te x tiles, and leather industries had the low est lev el of expenditures.
A s indicated above, low wage industries gen erally had the highest e x ­
penditures when m ea su red as a prop ortion of p a yroll, but the low est expenditures
m easu red in cents; the ob verse was found in high wage industries.
A ll production and related w ork ers in the m anufacturing industries w ere
co v e re d by so cia l security during 1962. About 96 percent of the w ork ers w ere
em ployed by plants whose contributions fo r socia l secu rity w ere the equivalent
of from 2 to 4 percent of g ro ss payroll; and about 4 percent w ere em ployed by
establishm ents in which the contributions equaled le s s than 2 percent of g ro ss
pa yroll fo r production w ork ers.
In term s of cents per hour paid fo r , about
88 percent of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by establishm ents in which the pay­
m ents fo r so cia l secu rity ranged from 4 to 8 cents; and 8 percent of the m anu­
facturing production fo r c e w orked fo r plants in which these expenditures amounted
to 8 cents or m o re ; the rem aining w ork ers (about 4 percent) w orked fo r plants
whose socia l secu rity payments amounted to le s s than 4 cents per 1962 hour
paid fo r .

Unemployment Com pensation
E m ployer expenditures fo r unemployment insurance coverin g their p r o ­
duction fo r c e w ere equal to slightly over 2 percent of g ro ss and straight-tim e
p a y rolls; and amounted to 5.1 cents per 1962 hour paid fo r , or 5 .4 cents per
plant hour.




43
The highest expenditures as a percent of g ro ss p a y roll, among the in ­
du stries fo r which data w ere available, w ere found in the apparel, leath er, lum ber,
and m iscella n eou s m anufacturing industries; m easu red in te rm s of cents per hour
paid fo r , h ow ever, the highest expenditure lev els w ere found in the transportation
equipm ent, p rim a ry m etal, and fabricated m etal industries. The low est expendi­
ture le v e ls m ea su red in com p a rison with p a yrolls w ere found in the printing,
paper, prim a ry m etal, and m achinery (except e le ctric a l) industries; and in the
textile, paper, and food groups when expenditures w ere m ea su red in cents per
hour paid fo r .
In g en eral, the low wage industries had the highest expenditures m easured
in relation to p a y roll, but the high wage industries had the highest expenditures
when m easu red in cents per hour paid fo r .
V irtually all production w ork ers in the manufacturing industries w ere
co v e re d by the unemployment insurance law s. Over three -fifth s of the w ork ers
w ere em ployed by establishm ents with unemployment com pensation expenditures
equaling 1 to 3 percent of g ro ss p a yroll, and about on e-fou rth w ere in esta b ­
lishm ents with expenditures equivalent to 3 percent or m o re of g ro ss pa yroll.
About on e-th ird of the w ork ers in establishm ents with expenditures of 3 percent
or m o re w ere em ployed in the apparel and leather industries. Printing industry
establishm ents with about one-fourth of all w ork ers in the industry had expendi­
tu res of under 1 percent of g ro s s p a y roll. A pproxim ately fo u r-fifth s of the p r o ­
duction and related w ork ers in m anufacturing w ere em ployed by establishm ents
with expenditures fo r unemployment com pensation ranging fro m 2 to 8 cents per
1962 hour paid fo r , about one-tenth w ere in establishm ents with expenditures
of 8 cents and over; the rem aining one-tenth of the production fo r c e was e m ­
ployed by plants with expenditures of le ss than 2 cents per 1962 hour paid for
(table 28).
W orkm en's Com pensation
E m ployer expenditures fo r w orkm en's com pensation w ere equal to 1 p e r ­
cent of g ro s s and straight-tim e payrolls fo r production and related w ork ers during
1962. These paym ents, made to State insurance funds, private insurance c a r r ie r s ,
or d ire ctly to the w ork ers, amounted to 2 .4 cents per hour paid fo r or 2. 5 cents
per plant hour.
The highest expenditures, as a percent of g ro ss p a y roll, w ere in the
lu m ber, furniture, and fabricated m etal industries; m easu red in cents per hour
paid fo r , the highest expenditures w ere in the lum ber and fa b rica ted m etal in ­
du stries.
The low est expenditure either as a pa yroll relative or in cents was
found in the to b a cco industry. In general, establishm ents with few er than 100 e m ­
ployees had the highest expenditures fo r w orkm en's com pensation m easu red either
as a percent of p a yroll or in cents.
A lm ost all of the production w ork ers in the N ation's m anufacturing indus­
trie s w ere em ployed by plants with expenditures during 1962 fo r w ork m en's c o m ­
pensation co v e ra g e. 17 Expenditures of plants with slightly under 90 percent of the
production fo r c e equaled le s s than 2 percent of g ro s s pa yroll (table 26), and about
fo u r-fifth s of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by establishm ents with w orkm en's c o m ­
pensation expenditures of le s s than 4 cents per hour paid fo r (table 29). H ow ever,

17
See State Workmen's Compensation Laws, 1964 (Bureau o f Labor Standards Bulletin 161, revised September 1964),
for a summary o f the main provisions o f the State laws.




44
about 70 percent of the production fo r c e in the lum ber industry w orked fo r e s ­
tablishm ents with expenditures of 2 percent or m ore of g ro s s p ayroll; and about
56 percent w orked fo r plants with expenditures of 4 cents or m o re per hour paid
fo r .
Am ong these lum ber industry w o rk e rs, m o re than half w ere em ployed by
plants with expenditures equaling about 3 percent or m ore of payroll (table 26),
and about 40 p ercen t w orked fo r plants with w ork m en 's com pensation expenditures
of 8 cents or m o re per 1962 hour paid fo r (table 29).
Other L egally R equired Insurance P rog ra m s
In all m anufacturing, em ployer expenditures fo r the other lega lly r e ­
quired insurance p rog ra m s, prin cipally State tem p ora ry disability insurance, w ere
not w idespread. IS Only 13 percent of a ll production and related w ork ers w ere
em ployed by establishm ents with an expenditure fo r a lega lly requ ired insurance
p rogram other than socia l secu rity, unemployment com pensation, or w orkm en's
com pensation. The highest ratios of w ork ers in plants with expenditures fo r this
type of lega lly req u ired insurance w ere found in the apparel industry (24 percent)
and in the N ortheast region (27 percen t).
Expenditures among all manufacturing establishm ents equaled le ss than
0. 05 percen t of p a yroll and amounted to 0. 1 cent per hour paid for (table 23).
In the establishm ents with expenditures, the payments fo r "o th e r" legally requ ired
insurances w ere equal to 0. 3 percent of g ro s s and straigh t-tim e p a yrolls fo r p r o ­
duction and rela ted w ork ers, and amounted to 0. 8 cent per hour paid fo r . N inetyfour percent of a ll production and related w o rk e rs, in establishm ents with e x ­
penditures, w ere em ployed by plants with expenditures of le s s than 1 percent of
g ro s s p a yroll. 1
8

18
Temporary disability insurance was required by law, during 1962, in California, New Jersey, New York, and
Rhode Island. See ch. VI o f BES U-141, op. cit. footnote 14, and BES U-211, op. cit. footnote 15, for information
about the coverage and provisions of the State laws. Under certain circumstances, employers were required to make
payments to the Ohio Disabled Workmen's R elief Fund.




Table 23.

E m ployer Expenditures fo r L ega lly Required Insurance P ro g ra m s fo r P rodu ction and R elated W orkers in the
M anufacturing Industries, by Industry G roup, 1962
E m ployer expenditures in all establishm ents
P e rce n t o f gro ss pa y ro ll

Industry group

A ll industries 2 ____________________________
F ood and k indred p r o d u c t s -------------------------------T o b a c co m an u factu res__________________________
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------A p parel and other finished textile products —
Lum ber and w ood p ro d u cts -------------------------------Furniture and fix tu r e s ---------------------------------------P a per and a llied p r o d u c t s ______________________
P rintin g, publishing, and allied in d u strie s___
Rubber and m is ce lla n e o u s p la s tic s products —
Leather and leather p rod u cts ---------------------------Stone, c la y , and gla s s p r o d u c t s -------------- -------P r im a r y m eta l in d u s t r ie s --------------------------------F a bricated m eta l p r o d u c t s -------------------------------M achinery, except e l e c t r i c a l --------------------------E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent, and
su p p lies------------------------------ ---------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t______________________
Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s _____________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ---------

Legally
required
insurance
program s

S ocia l
se cu rity

P e rce n t o f straigh t-tim e pa y roll

Unemployment
W orkm en's
com pensation com pensation

5. 8

2 .6

2. 1

1.0

5.9
5. 6
6 .0
6 .7
8 .4
6 .7
5.4
4 .6
5.9
7. 0
6 .0
5.2
6. 5
5. 3

2 .6
3. 0
3. 1
2. 8
2 .9
3. 0
2. 6
2 .4
2 .7
3. 0
2 .6
2. 3
2. 7
2. 5

2 .0
2. 3
2. 3
3. 2
2. 5
2.4
1.8
1.6
2. 1
3. 1
2 .0
1.9
2 .3
1.9

1. 3
.3
.6
.6
3 .0
1.4
.9
.5
1. 1
.8
1. 3
.9
1.4
.8

5. 5
5.4
5. 5
6 .4

2. 7
2. 5
2 .6
2 .8

2.
2.
2.
2.

.6
.8
.6
1. 0

2
2
2
5

Other 1

L ega lly
requ ired
insurance
p rogram s

(3 )

6. 0

2.7

2 .2

1. 0

(3)

(3 )
(3)
(3)
0. 1
(3)
(3)
(3)
. 1
(3)
(3)

6. 2
5 .8
6 .2
6 .8
8. 7
7. 0
5.7
4 .8
6. 2
7. 1
6. 3
5 .4
6 .8
5. 5

2 .7
3. 1
3.2
2 .9
3 .0
3 .0
2 .8
2. 5
2 .8
3. 1
2 .8
2 .4
2 .8
2 .6

2. 1
2 .4
2 .4
3. 2
2 .6
2. 5
1.9
1.7
2 .2
3. 1
2. 1
2 .0
2 .4
2 .0

1. 3
.3
.6
.6
3 .2
1.4
1. 0
.5
1. 1
.9
1.4
1. 0
1. 5
.9

(3)
(3)
(3)
0. 1
(3)
(3)
. 1
.1
(3)
(3)
0
(3)
. 1
(3)

5 .8
5.7
5.7
6 .6

2 .8
2 .6
2 .7
2 .9

2 .3
2. 3
2. 3
2 .6

.6
.8
.6
1. 0

(3)
(3)
.1
. 1

0

(3)
.1
(3)
0

(3)
.1
.1

S ocial
se cu rity

Cents p e r hour paid fo r

Unem ployment
W orkm en's
com pensation com pensation

Other 1

Cents p er plant hour

A ll in d u s tr ie s 2 -------------------------------------------

13.9

6. 3

5. 1

2 .4

0. 1

14.8

6.7

5.4

2. 5

0. 1

F ood and k indred p r o d u c t s _____________________
T o b a c co m anu factu res__________________________
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ___________________________
A p parel and other finished textile products —
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts-------------------------------Furniture and fix tu r e s --------------------------------------P a per and allied p r o d u c t s ______________________
P rintin g, publishing, and allie d in d u stries-----Rubber and m is cella n eou s p la s tic s produ cts__
L eather and leather p rod u cts---------------------------Stone, cla y , and glass p r o d u c t s ----------------------P r im a r y m etal in d u s tr ie s ______________________
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s ------------ ----------------M achinery, except e l e c t r i c a l --------------------------E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies------------------------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t------------- ----------------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s --------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ---------

13.7
11.0
10.4
11. 5
16.6
13. 5
13.2
13. 2
14.7
12. 3
15. 0
15.8
16. 5
14.4

6. 1
5 .9
5. 3
4. 9
5. 6
5. 9
6 .4
7. 0
6 .7
5. 3
6 .7
7. 1
6 .9
6. 8

4. 5
4 .6
4 .0
5. 5
4 .8
4 .8
4. 3
4 .6
5. 2
5.4
5. 1
5. 7
5.8
5.2

3. 0
.6
1. 1
1. 0
6 .0
2. 7
2. 3
1. 5
2. 7
1. 5
3. 2
2. 9
3.7
2. 3

0. 1
(3)
(3)
.2
. 1
(3)
. 1
.2
. 1
. 1
. 1
. 1
. 1
. 1

14. 5
11.7
10. 8
11.9
17. 1
14. 1
14. 2
14. 1
15.8
13.0
16. 0
17. 0
17. 5
15. 3

6 .4
6. 2
5. 5
5.0
5.8
6 .2
6 .9
7. 5
7. 2
5.6
7. 1
7. 7
7. 3
7. 2

4 .8
4 .8
4. 1
5.7
5.0
5.0
4 .6
4 .9
5. 6
5.7
5.4
6. 2
6. 2
5 .6

3. 2
.6
1. 1
1.0
6 .2
2 .8
2. 5
1.6
2 .9
1.6
3 .4
3. 1
3 .9
2 .4

0. 1
(3)
(3)
.2
.1
(3)
.1
.2
.1
. 1
. 1
. 1
.2
. 1

13. 3
15.6
13. 5
13. 3

6 .4
7. 1
6. 5
5. 9

5. 3
6 .2
5.4
5. 3

1.4
2. 3
1. 5
2. 0

.1
(3)
.2
.2

14.
16.
14.
14.

6 .8
7 .6
7 .0
6 .2

5.7
6 .7
5.8
5 .6

1. 5
2 .4
1. 6
2. 1

. 1
(3)
.2
.2

2
8
5
1

1 P r in c ip a lly State te m p o ra ry d isability insurance.
2 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied prod u cts, and petroleu m refining and related products industries not presented separately.
3 L ess than 0. 05 p ercen t o r cents.
NOTE:

B ecau se o f rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals.




cn

Table 24.

D istribution of P roduction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r L ega lly Required Insurance P ro g ra m s
As A P e rce n t of G ross P a y ro ll, by Region and M anufacturing Industry G roup, 1962
P ercen t o f production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents withW orkers
in all
establish­
ments
(percent)

R egion and industry group

United States 1----------------------------------------------------N ortheast--------------------------------------------------------

..

._

N orth C e n tr a l-----------------------------------------------W e s t.........................................................................
F ood and kindred p r o d u c ts ------- ------------------ T ob a cco m an u factures--------------------------------------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ---------------------------------------A p parel and other fin ish ed textile products —
L u m ber and w ood p rod u cts— ----- ------ ----------F u rniture and fix tu r e s _____________________ ___
P aper and a llie d products - ------------ -------------P rintin g, publishing, and allied industries-----Rubber and m isce lla n e o u s plastics products—
L eather and leather p rod u cts--------- -----------------Stone, c la y , and glass p r o d u c ts ---- ------ -----P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s _________ —---------------F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c ts ------ ------ _ ------M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l---------------------------E le c t r ic a l m ach in ery, equipment, and
su p p lies------------------------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t--------------------------------Instrum ents and re la te d p r o d u c ts -------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s trie s ---------

Expenditures fo r le g a lly re q u ire d insurance p rogram s
As a p ercent o f g r o s s p ayroll
A ll

Under
3

3
and
under
4

4
and
under
5

5
and
under
6

6
and
under
7

7
and
under
8

8
and
under
9

9
and
under
10

10
and
under
11
1
1
1
1
3

1
1
1
1
2

1

2

100
100
100
100
100

100
100
100
100
100

2
2
1
3
-

8
5
10
12
5

20
14
21
26
16

23
23
22
22
25

19
19
20
19
16

14
18
13
10
16

9
13
7
5
11

3
3
4
2
7

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

2

6

-

-

(2)
1
15
24
7
1
7
5
3
14

15
47
24
5
3
7
26
30
21
4
11
39
13
24

27
8
29
12
8
18
25
20
17
17
27
22
23
28

18
11
19
26
15
23
15
9
18
31
19
16
19
22

13
30
17
29
16
28
12
4
21
22
16
6
20
6

11
4
6
15
20
17
4
5
11
17
10
4
11
5

4
1
5
22
4
3
(2)
4
4
4
2
4
1

100
100
100
100

100
100
100
100

7
14
13
2

29
24
16
7

22
30
30
25

20
17
24
25

13
7
13
20

8
4
3
17

1
( 2)
1
3

5
-

( 2)
8
1
4
4
(?)
(2)
-

1

4
([)

-

( 2)
2
6
1
1
1
3
1
2
2

and
over

-

9
-

! 21

-

( 2)
i
i
(2)
3
-

( 2)
1

2

-

-

( 2)

Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , chem icals and a llie d products, and petroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not presented
separately.
2 L es s than 0. 5 percent.
NOTE:




B ecau se o f rounding, sums o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.

Table 25.

D istribution of P rodu ction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r U nem ploym ent Com pensation
As A P ercen t of G ro ss P a y ro ll, by Region and Manufacturing Industry G roup, 1962
P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t io n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith —

R e g io n and in d u str y g ro u p

U n ited S ta te s 1---------------------------------------------------------S o u t h ____________________________________________
N o r t h C e n t r a l __________________________________

W ork ers
in a ll
e s t a b l is h ­
m e n ts
(p e r c e n t)

100
100
100
100
100

E x p e n d itu r e s f o r u n e m p lo y m e n t c o m p e n s a t io n
No
e x p e n d i­
tu res
f o r the
p r a c t ic e

(2)

1

A s a p e r ce n t o f g r o s s p a y ro ll

2

—r~

1

and
under
2

and
under
3

and
under
4

100

10
3
14
18
4

32
24
37
38
26

33
38
28
27
46

18
22
17
14
19

11
4
4
5

100
100
100

17
6
11

29
43
35

31
11
27

19
18
18

4
23
9

95

2
4
4
19
26
8
1
15
11
7
12

9
23
29
40
44
32
15
30
39
24
43

22
42
36
32
20
35
25
38
43
43
32

33
26
25

27
5

6

3
3

( 2)

20
3

1

5
4
8
6

38
32
32
26

31
48
32
32

18
15
25
26

A ll

99
99
100

100

F o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ______________________
T o b a c c o m a n u fa c t u r e s ____________________________
T e x t i le m i l l p r o d u c t s _____________________________
A p p a r e l and o t h e r fin is h e d t e x t ile

100
100
100

L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s ______________________
F u r n it u r e and fi x t u r e s ____________________________
P a p e r and a llie d p r o d u c t s _______________________
P r in t in g , p u b lis h in g , and a llie d in d u s t r ie s ____
R u b b e r and m is c e lla n e o u s p l a s t ic s p r o d u c t s __
L e a t h e r and le a th e r p r o d u c t s ..
S t o n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s __
P r i m a r y m e t a l in d u s t r ie s _________
F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ________
M a ch in e ry , e x cep t e le c t r ic a l .
E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , eq u ip m e n t, and

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
100
100

100
100
100

T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u ip m e n t _______________________
I n s t r u m e n t s and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s ______________
M i s c e ll a n e o u s m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s ______

100

100

5

100

U n d er

7
24
38
14
5
23
11

4
and
under
5

6

5
and
over

( 2)

1

(2)

3
( 2)

6

1

1

3
2
7

( 2)

3
9

1

1 In clu d e s the o r d n a n c e and a c c e s s o r i e s , c h e m i c a ls and a llie d p r o d u c t s , and p e t r o le u m r e fin in g and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s in d u s t r ie s not p r e s e n t e d
se p a r a te ly .
2 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t .
3 T h e e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith no e x p e n d itu r e s f o r u n e m p lo y m e n t c o m p e n s a t io n r e p o r t e d that th e y w e r e " c o n t r a c t in g s h o p s " and that the " j o b b e r s "
w ith w h o m th e y d id b u s in e s s m a d e t h e se a s w e ll as o t h e r le g a lly r e q u i r e d p a y m e n ts .
NOTE:




B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , sum s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y not e q u a l t o t a ls .

<1

T able 26.

D istribution o f Production and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r W orkm en's Com pensation
As A P ercen t of G ross P a y ro ll, by Region and Manufacturing Industry G roup, 1962

CO

P e rce n t of production and related w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—
W orkers
in all
establish-

Region and industry group

(percent)

U n ited S ta t e s 1
N o rth ea st

......

_

...

South.
W est

______ _____ ______________________________

_

F o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s

T o b a cco m a n u fa ctu re s.
T e x t il e m il l p r o d u c t s

_ .

A p parel and other finished textile products _

P rin tin g, publishing, and allied in d u s t r i e s ------Rubber and m is ce lla n e o u s pla stics p ro d u cts _

Expenditures fo r w orkm en'1s com pensation
No
expendifo r the
p ra ctice

A s ai percent of g r o s s payroll
All

Under
1

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
3

3
and
under
4

4
and
under
5

5
and
over

100
100
100
100
100

1
2
1
3

99
99
98
99
97

63
67
66
63
39

24
24
18
26
33

7
5
8
7
13

3
2
3
2
7

1
1
2
1
3

1
(2)
1
1
3

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

1
2
1
3
2
3
( 2)
5
(2)
4
4
(2)
1
(2)

99
98
99
97
98
97
99
95
99
96
96
99
99
99

39
95
82
83
6
32
64
85
46
70
46
60
40
65

42
4
14
12
22
45
27
7
43
18
25
26
33
31

10
2
2
32
16
6
2
9
4
15
7
17
3

5
_
1
15
3
2
(2)
1
3
8
5
7

1
_
_
14
(2)
(2)

2
_
9
_
_
(2)

82
76
82
61

16
18
14
31

1
3
1
5

(2)

(2)
2
1

99
99
98
99

E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery, equipment, and
100
100
100
100

1

0
(2)

(2)
1
2
2
(2)
(2)
(2)
2

1
(2)
1
"
_
3
_

Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied p rodu cts, and p etroleu m refining and related products industries not p r e ­
sented separately.
2 L e s s than 0.5 percent.
N OTE: B ecau se of rounding,




sums of individual item s m ay not equal totals.

Table 27.

D istribution of P roduction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r L ega lly Required Insurance P ro g ra m s
In Cents P e r Hour Paid F o r, by Region and M anufacturing Industry G roup, 1962
P e r c e n t o f production and related w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—

R egion and industry group

Work ers
in all
e stablish ments
(percent)

Expenditures fo r legally requ ired insurance p ro gra m s
In cents per hour paid fo r
All

Under
6

6
and
under
8

8
and
under
10

10
and
under
12

12
and
under
14

14
and
under
16

16
and
under
18

18
and
under
20

20
and
under
22

22
and
under
24

24
and
under
26

26
and
under
28

28
and
under
30

30
and
over

United States 1___________________________________
N ortheast------------------------------------------------------ -South------------------------------------------------------------- North C e n tr a l__________________ ____. _______
W e s t _____________________ __________________

100
100
100
100
100

100
100
100
100
100

1
1
(2)
(2)

3
1
11
2
(2)

11
3
26
11
3

19
16
27
20
12

19
21
16
24
12

18
25
10
16
18

13
17
6
13
15

7
9
3
6
11

4
4
(2)
4
9

2
1
(2)
1
9

1
1
(2)
1
4

(*)
(2)
1
3

(2)
(2)
2
H
1

(2)
2
2
H
3

F ood and kindred products ________________ ___ __
T o b a c co m anu factu res_____ -________ ___ _ _____
Textile m ill p r o d u c t s _______ _______ «_____ . ____
Apparel and other finished textile products —
Lum ber and w ood p ro d u cts —__________________—
Furniture and fix tu r e s__ -__________ __________ —
Paper and a llied produ cts — __ -________ ______ _
P rinting, publishing, and allied in du stries__—
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s produ cts__
Leather and leather p rod u cts __________ . __ ___ _
Stone, clay, and glass p r o d u c t s — —— _____
P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s _______ -_____ . ______
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s -_____ -__ -__ -__ __
M achinery, excep t e le c t r ic a l---------------------------E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
s u p p lies ._________________________ _______
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t__________ -___ ____ Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s __________ ___
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s -____ -

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

(2)

3
3
20
10
3
3
(2)
3
(2)
4
2
(2)
(2)

14
29
36
17
13
15
15
13
5
25
12
5
3
2

23
39
20
23
20
20
22
20
15
23
10
7
9
21

21
29
10
20
11
25
26
19
20
17
18
15
12
26

11

13
(2)
4
4
5
9
7
12
19
9
17
26
23
15

6

4

3

2

(2)

(2)

(2)

8
15
8
11
22
23
30
15
19
16
22
26

3
7
10
5
4
7
4
7
19
14
7

(2)
1
9
3
3
3
4
2
5
5
9
1

1

_
1
4
1

1
4

(2)
3

(2)
4

(2)
(2)

(2)

100
100
100
100

100
100
100
100

2

7
5
5
6

21
13
25
19

32
16
27
26

27
22
25
25

6
22
14
11

2
10
3
2

2
6
1
3

.
5
_
_
1
_
-

.
_
_
1

-

(2)
6

_

l

9
3
(2)
1
(2)
1
6
5
1




4

2
(2)
2
2

(2)
H

1
1
1

(2")

z

(2)

■

_

(2)
3

(2)

(*)

1

Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and a llied produ cts, and p etroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not presen ted separately.
L ess than 0.5 p ercen t.
N OTE: B ecau se of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals.

1
(2)
(2)
2

2

“

T able 28.

D istribution of Produ ction and Related W orkers by E m p loyer Expenditures fo r Unem ploym ent Com pensation
In Cents P e r Hour Paid F o r , by Region and M anufacturing Industry G roup, 1962

O

P ercen t o f production and related w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—

R eg ion and industry group

W orkers
in all
establish ­
ments
(percent)

Expendituresi fo r unem ploym ent com pensation
No
expenditures
fo r the
p ra ctice

In cents per hour paid fo r
A ll

Under
1

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
4

4
and
under
6

6
and
under
8

8
and
under
10

10
and
ov er

United States 1 __________________________________
N ortheast _____________ _________ ___ ______ _
South______ ________________ -_„ __ _______ . . . . .
North C e n tr a l—______________________________
W e s t ______ _________________________________

100
100
100
100
100

(2)
1
.
_
-

99
99
100
100
100

(2)
)
(?)
(2)

6
(2)
11
9
2

24
13
43
29
10

32
35
32
30
25

28
39
12
23
45

7
9
2
6
12

2
2
(2)
2
5

F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s _________ _____ -— —T o b a c co m an u factu res—------------- -— ------— . — —
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------A p parel and other fin ish ed textile p rod u cts3—
Lu m ber and w ood p ro d u cts—______ —— — —
Furn iture and fix t u r e s ---------------------------— -------P aper and a llie d products --------------------- ——
P rinting, publishing, and allied indu stries-----Rubber and m isce lla n e o u s plastics products—
Leather and leather p ro d u cts________________—
Stone, cla y , and g la ss p r o d u c ts _________ _— —
P r im a r y m etal indu stries —______________ _____
F a b rica ted m etal products __________________ __
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l____________—------E le c t r ic a l m ach in ery, equipment, and
supplie s ____— ----------------------- — . — -— —-— ---T ran sp ortation e qu ipm en t--------------------------------Instrum ents and related p r o d u c ts -------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ---- -—

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

.

100
100
100
95
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

(2)

9
2
13
2
5
6
7
14
3
3
11
9
4
4

33
46
44
17
29
32
34
29
21
16
19
10
17
21

33
28
28
29
32
36
35
27
39
38
32
27
29
39

18
24
13
36
25
18
21
24
31
35
26
36
36
29

6
(2)
2
6
7
8
2
3
6
7
9
18
13
4

2

2
2
1
6

21
15
16
19

38
22
50
39

34
45
27
25

5
11
4
10

100
100
100
100

-

5
-

-

100
100
100
100

-

1
1
(?)
( 2)
-

-

1
4
1
1
3
(2)
2
1
2
2
(2)
5
2

1 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , chem icals and a llied products, and petroleu m refining and related products industries not presented
separately.
2 L ess than 0.5 percent.
3 The establishm ents with no expenditures for unem ploym ent com pensation reported that they w ere "con tra ctin g sh ops" and that the
" jo b b e r s " with whom they did business made these as w ell as other legally requ ired paym ents.
N OTE:




B ecau se o f rounding, sums o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.

Table 29.

D istribution of P rodu ction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r W orkm en's Com pensation
In Cents P e r Hour Paid F o r , by Region and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P e rce n t of production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—

Region and industry group

W orkers
in all
e stablish -

Expenditures fo r w ork m en 's com pensation
No
expendi-

In cents per hour paid fo r
A ll

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
4

4
and
under
6

(percent)

fo r the
pra ctice

100
100
100
100
100

1
1
2
1
3

99
99
98
99
97

28
28
38
26
13

27
31
27
27
17

27
27
23
30
29

9
8
6
10
16

F ood and kindred p r o d u c ts-----------------------------T ob a cco m anufactures. . — -------------------------------T extile m ill p r o d u c ts_________________________
A p parel and other finished textile products —
Lum ber and wood products____________________
Fu rn iture and fix tu re s-------------------------------------P aper and allied p r o d u c ts------------------------------Printin g, publishing, and allied industries---Rubber and m iscella n eou s plastics products—
L eather and leather produ cts_________________
Stone, cla y , and glass products
P r im a r y m etal industries
F a b rica ted m etal products
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l—— —— — —
E le c t r ic a l m achinery, equipment, and
su p p lies---- ---------------------------------------------- ------T ran sp ortation equipm ent_______ — —___— __
Instrum ents and related products — --------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u strie s— —

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

1
2
1
3
2
3
( 2)
5
(2)
4
4
(2)
1
( 2)

99
98
99
97
98
97
99
95
99
96
96
99
99
99

11
81
59
55
3
8
17
30
19
47
15
24
6
19

24
17
27
27
6
31
30
40
21
25
18
21
20
29

42
(2)
11
14
33
39
42
21
36
16
30
29
38
38

14

100
100
100
100

1
(2)
2
1

99
99
98
99

42
33
39
21

35
31
41
37

19
23
11
33

1 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s ,
presen ted separately.
2 L ess than 0. 5 percent.

ch em icals

United States 1
No r the a st___________ . . . . . __ _— . . . . . . ____ ____
S m i t h ____

_____ ___________ . . . . . . . . ____________________

N orth C e n tra l---- ----------------------------------- ——
W e s t-------------------------------------------------------------

NOTE:




Under
1

and a llie d products,

Because of rounding, sums o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.

and petroleum

6
and
under
8
4
3
3
4
7

8
and
under
10
2
1
1
2
7

10
and
over

1
(1
2)
1
1
7

4

3

1

-

-

-

16
13
6
4
19
4
18
15
22
12

(?)
(2)
17
5
3
( 2)
4
3
8
8
5
1

2
6
7
4

(2)
4
( 2)
3

-

1
-

(2)
8
1
(2)

-

15
-

(•>
(2)
4
1
6
1

(?)
( 2)
3
2
2
“

(2)
1

(2)
3
<2)

-

refining and related products industries not

Chapter 6. Private Welfare Plans
T otal P rivate W elfare
A ll E stablishm ents. In all m anufacturing, em ployer payments fo r private
w elfare plans equaled 5 .4 percent of the g ro s s and 5 .7 percent of the straighttim e p ayroll fo r production and related w ork ers.
(See chart 6 and table 3 0.)
T hese paym ents, amounting to 13.1 cents per hour paid fo r or 13.9 cents per
plant hour, w ere p rim a rily fo r life , health, and accident insurance (6. 5 cents
per hour paid fo r ), and pension and retirem en t plans (5 .7 cents per hour paid
fo r ).
Expenditures fo r these two types of plans co m p rised resp ectiv ely about
50 and 44 percent of the total fo r private w elfare plans.
Expenditures fo r v a ­
cation and holiday funds; severance or d ism issa l pay and supplemental unem ­
ploym ent benefits; and savings and thrift plans accounted fo r the rem ainder of
the private plan expenditures.
The greatest expenditures fo r private w elfa re, among the industries fo r
which data w ere a vailable, w ere found in the tob a cco, p rim a ry m etal, and tra n s­
portation equipment groups; and the least in the lum ber, apparel, textile, and
leather in du stries.
In gen eral, private w elfare expenditures among the industries, m easu red
as a pa yroll relative or in cents, w ere ranked in about the same ord er as the
resp e ctiv e average hourly earnings of the in du stries.
In the tob acco industry,
h ow ever, v e ry high expenditures fo r pension and retirem en t plans in la rg e, union­
ized establishm ents, of which there was a high concentration, m oved the lev el of
total private w elfare expenditures way above the position indicated by the indus­
t r y ’ s average hourly earning le v e l.
C on versely, a low p revalen ce of private
w elfare expenditures in the lum ber industry and a la rge num ber of sm all, non­
union plants with low le v e ls of expenditure fo r private plans in the printing in ­
dustry m oved the expenditure ratios downward.
Am ong all manufacturing establishm ents, em ployer expenditures fo r p r i­
vate plans ranged up to 11 percent or m o re of g ro s s p a y roll, and to 30 cents
and over per hour paid fo r (tables 34 and 37).
In gen eral, a higher lev el of
expenditure was found in the la rg e r, high w age, union establishm ents in m e tr o ­
politan area s than in the sm a ller, low er wage, nonunion plants in n on m etro­
politan a re a s.
P re v a le n ce .
Ninety percent of the production and related w ork ers in
m anufacturing w ere em ployed by establishm ents that had expenditures fo r som e
type of private w elfa re plan. In a m a jority of the industries studied, over 90 p e r ­
cent of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by establishm ents reporting som e form of
private w elfare expenditure, and in only two industries (apparel and lum ber) was
the prop ortion le s s than 80 percen t. Am ong the reg ion s, the proportion of w ork ­
e rs em ployed by establishm ents with expenditures ranged from 94 percent in the
North Central to 86 percen t in the W est. The correspon din g fig u res in the N orth­
east and South w ere 89 and 87 percent, re sp e ctiv e ly .
E stablishm ents With E xpenditures. E m ployer payments fo r one or m ore
types of private w elfa re, among m anufacturing establishm ents with expenditures,
equaled 5 .9 percent of the g ro s s and 6 .1 percent of the straigh t-tim e payroll
fo r production and related w ork ers (table 31).
T hese payments amounted to
14.5 cents per hour paid fo r and 15.5 cents per plant hour.




52

S3

Chart 6. Employer Expenditures for Private Welfare Plans,
Manufacturing Industries, 1962
Product ion a n d Related W o r k e r s

Percent
0

1

ot g r o s s

2

payrol l

3

4

5

6

P r i v a t e w e lfa r e p l a n s --------------------

L ife , a c c id e n t , a n d h e a lt h
i n s u r a n c e ----------------------------------

P e n s io n

a n d r e t ir e m e n t p la n s

O t h e r p riv a te w e lfa r e p la n s —

C e n ts
0

P r iv a t e w e lfa r e p l a n s --------------------

L if e , a c c i d e n t a n d h e a lt h
in s u r a n c e

----------------------------------

P e n s io n a n d

r e t ir e m e n t p la n s

O t h e r p riv a te w e lfa r e p la n s —




2

4

per
6

hour

p a id
8

fo r
10

12

14

54
In contrast to the findings at the a ll-estab lish m en t le v e l, expenditures
fo r pension and retirem ent plans among plants that made such payments w ere
higher during 1962 than expenditures fo r life , acciden t, and health insurance.
The d ifferen ce in findings resulted from the le v e l of prevalence fo r the two
p ra ctic e s . E stablishm ents with approxim ately 90 percent of the production fo r c e
m ade payments during 1962 fo r life , accident, and health insurance; only slightly
m o re than 60 percent of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants that had expendi­
tu res fo r pen sions.
Sim ilar d ifferen ces in expenditures and prevalen ce lev els
w ere found in each of the industries fo r which data w ere available.
Am ong establishm ents with expenditures, private w elfare payments w ere
highest as a percent of g ro ss p a yroll in the tob a cco, p rim a ry m etal, and tra n s­
portation equipment industries, and low est in the tex tiles, leath er, and lum ber
in d u stries. When expenditures w ere m easu red in cents per hour paid fo r , pay­
m ents among establishm ents with expenditures fo r private plans w ere highest in
p rim a ry m etal, transportation equipment, and to b a cco , and low est in the tex tiles,
leath er, and apparel industries.
About on e-h a lf of the w ork ers in establishm ents with expenditures for
one or m ore types of private plans w ere em ployed by establishm ents in which the
paym ents w ere equal to 5 percent or m o re of g ro s s p a yroll (table 34).
E x­
penditures of 5 percent or m o re , among those industries fo r which data are
a vailable, w ere m ost prevalent in prim ary m etal, to b a cco , and transportation
equipm ent. Expenditures of le s s than 5 percent w ere m ost prevalent in the textile
and leather in dustries. Am ong the region s, about half of the w ork ers w ere e m ­
ployed by plants with expenditures of 5 percent or m ore in the N ortheast and
North Central, accounting fo r approxim ately th ree-fou rth s of a ll w ork ers in plants
with such expenditures, and m ore than half of the w ork ers in the South and West
w ere em ployed by plants with expenditures of le s s than 5 percent.
When expenditures in manufacturing establishm ents fo r private w elfare
w ere m ea su red in cents per hour paid fo r , about three-tenths of the w ork ers
(on e-fou rth of all production w ork ers in m anufacturing) w ere em ployed by e s ­
tablishm ents in which the payments amounted to le s s than 6 cents, and about the
sam e p rop ortion w ere em ployed by plants with expenditures of 18 cents or m ore
per hour paid fo r .
A lm ost tw o-fifth s of this latter group (10 percent of all
w ork ers) w ere em ployed by plants with expenditures of 30 cents or m o re per
1962 hour paid fo r , m ore than half of whom w ere in the p rim a ry m etal and tra n s­
portation equipment industries. In the tob a cco industry group, alm ost 50 percent
o f all w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants with expenditures of at least 20 cents
per hour paid fo r . This industry group, with the exception of the p rim a ry m etal
and transportation equipment industries, had the la rgest proportion of w ork ers
in plants paying 20 cents or m ore per 1962 hour.
L ife , A cciden t,

and Health Insurance

A ll E stablishm ents. In a ll m anufacturing, em ployer payments for life ,
a ccid en t, and health insurance equaled 2 .7 percent of the g ro ss and 2 .8 percent
of the straigh t-tim e payroll for production and related w ork ers. These payments
amounted to 6. 5 cents per hour paid fo r and 6. 9 cents per plant hour. Expendi­
tu res fo r this item com p rised about half of the total private w elfare payment at
the all m anufacturing le v e l, and was the la rgest com ponent of private w elfare in
each of the industries fo r which data w ere available, except in the tob a cco, ap­
p a re l, and instrum ents industries where pension expenditures w ere grea ter.




55
Am ong the industries fo r which data w ere available, em ployer expendi­
tu res fo r one or m ore form s of life , acciden t, and health insurance ranged from
the equivalent of 4 percent of g ro s s p a yroll and 12 cents per hour paid fo r in
the p rim a ry m etal group, to 1 .3 percent and 2. 2 cents per 1962 hour paid fo r
in the apparel industry.
In half of the industry groups, how ever, expenditures
fo r the insurances w ere equal to between 2 and 3 percent of the g ro s s production
p ayroll and amounted to 6 cents or m o re per hour paid fo r during 1962.
Insurance expenditures in som e establishm ents amounted to 6 percent or
m o re of g ro s s p a yroll, and to 20 cents or m ore per hour paid fo r . The esta b ­
lishm ents with v ery high expenditures in relation to g ro s s p a yroll (6 percent and
over) w ere predom inantly sm all units with high average hourly earnings; and m ost
had c o lle ctiv e ly bargained agreem ents coverin g their production w ork fo r c e .
P re v a le n ce . About nine-tenths of the production and related w ork ers in
m anufacturing w ere em ployed during 1962 by establishm ents with expenditures
for one o r m o re types of life , accident, or health insurance; the prop ortion s ranged
by industry from substantially all (99 percent) in the prim a ry m etal industry to
about th re e -fifth s in the lum ber industry. Am ong the reg ion s, the p rop ortion of
w ork ers in establishm ents with expenditures ranged from 93 percent in the North
Central to about 85 percent in the South and West.
E stablishm ents With Expenditures.
E m ployer payments fo r life , a c ­
cident, and health insurance among m anufacturing establishm ents with expendi­
tu res equaled about 3 percent of the 1962 g ro ss and straight-tim e p a y rolls fo r
production and related w ork ers. T hese payments amounted to 7. 3 cents per hour
paid fo r and 7. 8 cents per plant hour. Am ong the industries fo r which data w ere
available, insurance expenditures ranged from the equivalent of 4 percent of g ro ss
payroll and 12. 3 cents per hour paid fo r in the p rim ary m etal industry to 1.8 p e r ­
cent and 3. 2 cents in the textile industry.
The lev el of e m p lo y e r s 1 expenditures fo r life , a ccident, and health in ­
surance in establishm ents where the em ployer paid a ll of the cost of such plans
generally was greater than in establishm ents where the em ployees a lso con tribu ­
ted to the co st of the plan. 19 In all m anufacturing, em ployer expenditures for
the insurances when ex p ressed as a percent of g ro ss p a y roll, w ere 3 .4 percent
in plants with noncontributory plans and 2. 6 percent in plants with contributory
plans; in cents per hour paid fo r , average payments fo r noncontributory plans
(8. 7 cents) w ere about 35 percent higher than those fo r contributory plans
(6 .4 cents) (table 32). S im ilar d ifferen ces w ere found in each of the industry
groups fo r which data w ere available, except in the apparel group, w here the
exp en d itu re-p a yroll ratios in plants with contributory plans w ere the same as in
plants with noncontributory plans.
M ore than tw o-fifth s of all production and related w ork ers in m anufac­
turing w orked fo r plants in which expenditures fo r the private insurances w ere
the equivalent of 1 to 3 percent of g ro s s p ayroll and ranged from 2 to 8 cents
per hour paid fo r ; and about on e-th ird of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants
with expenditures that equaled at least 3 percent of payroll and amounted to

Under the provisions o f some plans, the entire "premium" or "cost" o f the basic program covering the workers
was borne by the employer, the workers having the option o f paying for additional benefits for themselves or their de­
pendents.
Such plans, for purposes o f this study, were considered to be noncontributory.




56
8 cents or m o re per 1962 hour paid fo r (tables 35 and 38). Am ong the indus­
trie s fo r which data w ere available, how ever, approxim ately on e-fifth to on ethird of the w ork ers in the textile, apparel, and leather industries w ere e m ­
ployed by plants with expenditures equaling le s s than 1 percent of g ro s s p a yroll
and amounting to le s s than 2 cents per hour paid fo r ; con v e rse ly , at lea st on ethird o f the w ork ers in the rubber, p rim a ry m etal, and transportation equipment
industries w ere em ployed by plants with insurance payments that approxim ated
not le s s than 4 percent of the g ro s s production p a yroll and amounted to at least
10 cents per 1962 hour paid fo r .
P ension and R etirem ent Plans
A ll E stablishm ents. In all m anufacturing, em ployer payments fo r pen­
sion and retirem ent plans equaled about 2. 5 percent of the g ro s s and straighttim e p a y rolls of production and related w ork ers.
T hese payments amounted to
5. 7 cents per hour paid fo r and 6. 1 cents per plant hour. Expenditures fo r this
item co m p rised tw o-fifth s or m ore of the total private w elfare payment at the
all m anufacturing le v e l, and was the la rgest com ponent of the total in the t o ­
b a c co , apparel, and instrum ents industries. P ension expenditures, in the other
industries fo r which data w ere available, w ere second only to expenditures for
life , accid en t, and health insurance.
Pension or retirem ent plan expenditures, among the industries fo r which
data w ere a vailable, w ere at the highest lev el (5. 5 percent of g ro ss p a yroll and
10.8 cents per hour paid fo r) in the tob a cco group.
The other m anufacturing
industries with high le v e ls of expenditures fo r pension or retirem ent plans w ere
highly unionized, high wage in du stries, that produced either industrial or durable
goods. The low est expenditures (about 1 percent of g ro s s and 2 cents per hour
paid fo r) w ere found in the lum ber, textile, and leather industries.
The tob a cco industry had a high concentration of la rge unionized esta b ­
lishm ents with v e ry high lev els of expenditures fo r pension or retirem en t plans;
many of these plants, a ccord in g to inform ation in the B ureau’ s file of co lle ctiv e ly
bargained a greem en ts, recen tly lib e ra lize d their pension and retirem ent plans.
P ension expenditures in som e establishm ents ranged to 11 percent or
m o re of g ro s s p a y roll, and to 20 cents or m ore per 1962 hour paid fo r (tables 36
and 39).
In gen eral, the la rg er establishm ents with higher wage lev els tended
to have the highest level of expenditures fo r pension or retirem en t plans.
P re v a le n ce . About th ree-fifth s of the production and related w ork ers
in m anufacturing w ere em ployed by plants that had expenditures during 1962 for
pension and retirem ent plans; the prop ortion s ranging fro m m ore than th re e fourths of the w ork ers in the p rim a ry m etal, transportation equipment, and t o ­
b a cco industries to about tw o-fifth s in the textile, furniture, and leather indus­
tr ie s , and about on e-fou rth in the lum ber industry.
Over th ree-fifth s of the w ork ers in each region , except the South, w ere
em ployed by establishm ents with expenditures fo r pension and retirem ent plans.
About on e-h a lf of the w ork ers in the South w ere em ployed by establishm ents that
had expenditures fo r pensions during 1962.
E stablishm ents With E xpenditures. E m ployer payments fo r pension and
retirem en t plans, among m anufacturing establishm ents with expenditures, equaled
about 3. 5 percent of the 1962 g ro s s and straigh t-tim e p a y rolls fo r production




57
and related w ork ers (table 31).
T hese payments amounted to 9. 3 cents per hour
paid fo r and 9. 9 cents per plant hour. Am ong the industries fo r which data w ere
available, pension expenditures ranged fro m 6. 7 percent of g ro s s p a yroll and
14.2 cents per hour paid fo r by tob a cco m anufacturers to 2. 6 percent and 4. 7 cents
in the textile industry.
In tw o-th irds of the in du stries, how ever, pension e x ­
penditures w ere equal to at least 3 percent of pa yroll and 8 cents or m ore per
1962 hour paid fo r .
The lev el of e m p lo y e rs’ expenditures fo r pension and retirem en t plans in
establishm ents where the em ployer paid all of the cost of such plans generally
was greater than in establishm ents w here the em ployee a lso contributed to the
co st of the plan. 20 In all m anufacturing, em ployer expenditures fo r pension and
retirem en t plans when ex p ressed as a percent of g ro ss p a yroll, w ere 3. 5 p e r ­
cent in plants with noncontributory plans and 3. 4 percent in plants with con tribu ­
tory plans; in cents per hour paid fo r , average payments fo r noncontributory
plans (9. 4 cents) w ere about 8 percent higher than those fo r contributory plans
(8. 7 cen ts). H ow ever, in at least som e industry groups and in two of the four
re g io n s, em ployer expenditures fo r pension plans to which the w ork ers a lso made
contributions exceeded the payments made by plants with noncontributory plans
(table 33). This re v e r s a l of the general pattern was m ost n oticeable in the West
w here expenditures fo r contributory plans (3 .5 percent of g ro s s and 9*2 cents
per hour paid for) greatly exceeded the em ployer payments fo r noncontributory
plans (2 .8 percent and 8 .2 cents).
S im ila r, but sm a ller d ifferen ces w ere a lso
found in the South.
About seven-tenths of the production and related w ork ers in m anufac­
turing plants with pension expenditures w ere em ployed by establishm ents in which
the payments equaled le s s than 4 percent of g ro s s p a yroll, and over 95 percent
w orked fo r plants with expenditures equaling le s s than 7 percent of the g ro ss
payroll (table 36).
In the tob a cco industry, how ever, approxim ately tw o-fifth s
of the production fo r c e in plants with pension expenditures w orked for esta b lish ­
m ents in which the payments amounted to 7 percent or m ore of payroll; about
half of these w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants with pension expenditures equiva­
lent to 10 percent or m ore of g ro ss pay.
About tw o-th irds of the production w ork ers in plants with expenditures
w orked fo r establishm ents in which the expenditures ranged from 2 to 12 cents
per 1962 hour paid fo r (table 39). S im ila rly, the la rgest proportion of w ork ers
in plants with expenditures, in each of the region s and in all of the industries
fo r which data are available, except tob a cco, w ere em ployed by plants whose
payments fo r pension and retirem ent plans ranged from 2 to 12 cents per 1962
hour paid fo r . In the tob a cco industry, about tw o-fifth s of all w ork ers w ere in
plants in which pension expenditures amounted to 12 cents or m ore per hour paid
fo r , and fully fo u r-fifth s of these w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants in which the
expenditure amounted to at least 16 cents per hour.
Vacation and Holiday Funds
E m ployer payments into vacation and holiday funds equaled le s s than
0. 05 percen t of the g ro ss p ayroll fo r production w ork ers (table 30). Such funds
are not w idely found in the m anufacturing industries; approxim ately 2 percent of
the m anufacturing production fo r c e w orked in plants with such expenditures during
1962; the highest prop ortion among the industries fo r which data w ere available
was 13 percent in the apparel group.
In addition to the apparel industry, the
20 Op. c i t . , footnote 19, p. 55.




58
only other groups with as many as 1 percent of the w ork ers in plants with e x ­
penditures w ere the food; textile; furniture; printing; stone, cla y, and g la ss; fa b r i­
cated m etal; m iscella n eou s m anufacturing; p rim a ry m etal; transportation equip­
m ent; rubber; and leather industries. About 2 and 3 percent of the w ork ers in
the latter four groups and about 1 percent in the other industries noted w ere e m ­
ployed by plants that made payments into vacation and holiday funds.
Expenditures in the apparel industry, the group with the highest level
of prevalen ce and expenditure, equaled 0. 3 percent of g ro ss pa yroll and amounted
to 0. 5 cent per hour paid fo r . When establishm ents in this industry that actually
m ade paym ents to vacation and holiday funds w ere exam ined separately, the e x ­
penditures equaled 2. 3 percent of p a yroll and amounted to 4. 1 cents per hour
paid fo r .
About on e-h a lf of the apparel w ork ers in plants with expenditures
w orked fo r establishm ents with expenditures of 4 cents or m ore per 1962 hour
paid fo r ; and alm ost tw o-fifth s w orked fo r plants with expenditures of 2 to 4 cents.
The data indicate that apparel m anufacturers that m ade d irect payments to w ork ­
e r s fo r vacations and holidays had grea ter expenditures fo r these leave item s,
on the a vera g e, than did apparel em p loyers that m ade payments into vacation and
holiday funds, since plants that made d irect payments had expenditures equaling
2. 3 percen t o f g ro s s pa yroll for vacations alone.
Severance or D ism issa l Pay and Supplemental Unemployment Benefits
A ll E stablishm ents. Severance or d ism issa l, and supplemental unem ­
ploym ent benefit payments equaled 0. 3 percent of the g r o s s and straigh t-tim e
p a y rolls of production and related w ork ers in m anufacturing (table 3 0 ).21 E m ­
p loy er expenditures fo r this item , paid either d irectly to the w ork ers or to funds
which m ade either or both types of paym ents, amounted to 0. 6 cents per hour
paid fo r or 0. 7 cent per plant hour.
Am ong the industries fo r which data are
available, expenditures ranged fro m the equivalent of alm ost 1 percent of pay­
r o ll and about 2. 5 cents per hour paid fo r in the prim a ry m etal and tra n sp orta ­
tion equipment industries to le ss than 0. 1 percent of pa yroll and 0. 1 cent per
hour paid fo r or le s s .
Expenditures in on e-th ird of the industries, how ever,
equaled le s s than five one-hundredths of 1 percent and amounted to 0. 1 cent
or le s s per 1962 hour paid fo r .
P re v a le n ce .
A pproxim ately on e-fou rth of the production and related
w ork ers in m anufacturing w ere em ployed by establishm ents with expenditures
fo r either or both severan ce or d ism issa l pay, and supplemental unemployment
ben efits; the prop ortion s varying by industry from about th ree-fifth s in the p r i­
m a ry m etal and transportation equipment in du stries, on e-th ird or m ore in the
rubber and e le c tr ic a l equipment groups, and on e-fou rth in the instrument in ­
dustry to le s s than 10 percent of the w ork ers in the furniture, textiles, paper,
m iscella n eou s m anufacturing, leath er, and lum ber industries.
The highest proportion of w ork ers in plants with expenditures fo r these
plans, among the reg ion s, was found in the North Central (27 p ercen t), and the
low est ratio was found in the South (17 percent); the prop ortion s of w ork ers in
plants with expenditures in the other two region s ranged between one-fourth
and on e-fifth .

21
Two forthcoming BLS bulletins w ill provide a detailed analysis o f severance pay and layoff benefit plans; and
supplemental unemployment benefit plans and wage-employment guarantees, in major collective bargaining agreements.




A lm ost th ree-fifth s of the w ork ers in plants with expenditures fo r these
plans (about 13 percent of a ll w ork ers) w ere em ployed by establishm ents with
separate p rov ision s fo r severance or d ism issa l payments and about tw o-fifth s
(10 percent of all w ork ers) w orked fo r m anufacturers that had supplemental un­
em ploym ent benefit plans that w ere separate and distinct from fo rm a l severance
pay p la n s .22 Am ong the reg ion s, the highest proportion of w ork ers in plants
with separate severan ce or d ism issa l pay expenditures (16 percent) was found in
the N ortheast, and the highest proportion in plants with separate expenditures fo r
supplem ental unemployment benefits (14 percent) was found in the North Central.
E stablishm ents With E xpenditures. E m ployer payments among esta b lish ­
m ents with expenditures fo r either or both severance or d ism issa l pay and supple­
m ental unem ployment benefits equaled about 1 percent of g ro s s and straigh t-tim e
p a y rolls (table 31). These payments amounted to 2. 7 cents per hour paid for and
3 cents per plant hour. The expenditures, in five industry groups (food; stone,
cla y, and g la ss; p rim a ry m etal; fa b rica ted m etal; and transportation equipment)
equaled about 1 percent of g ro ss pa yroll and amounted to at least 2 .6 cents p er
hour paid fo r . Expenditures in 4 of the 5 groups amounted to 3. 5 cents or m ore
per 1962 hour, and in one industry (prim ary m etal) amounted to 4. 5 cents per
hour paid fo r . Expenditures among the other industries fo r which data are a vaila ­
ble ranged from 0. 6 to 0. 2 percent o f g ro ss payroll and amounted to le ss than
2 cents per hour paid fo r.
In gen eral, expenditures for severance or d ism issa l pay and supplemental
unemployment benefits tended to be higher in la rg e, high wage plants than in
sm a ller or low er wage establishm ents; and plants in which a m a jority of the w ork ­
e rs w ere co v ered by co lle ctiv e ly bargained agreem ents tended to have expendi­
tures that w ere 2 to 3 tim es la rg er than nonunion plants.
Separate expenditures fo r severance or d ism issa l pay equaled about
0 .4 percent of the g ro s s and straight-tim e p a y rolls, and separate expenditures
fo r supplemental unemployment benefits amounted to about 1 percent of p a yroll
in plants with the p ra ctic e s. These payments fo r plans not connected one to the
other amounted to about 1 cent per hour fo r severance pay, and about 3. 5 cents
fo r supplemental unemployment benefits.
About nine-tenths of the production and related w ork ers em ployed by
m anufacturing establishm ents with expenditures for severance pay a n d /o r supple­
mental unem ployment benefits w orked in plants with expenditures equaling le ss
than 2 percent of g ross payroll; of this group about tw o-th irds w orked in plants
with expenditures fo r the p ra ctice that equaled le ss than 1 percent of p a yroll. Only
in the North Central region; and in the stone, cla y, and gla ss; p rim a ry m etals;
fabricated m etal products; and transportation equipment industries w ere half or
m o re of the w ork ers em ployed by establishm ents with expenditures amounting to
1 percen t or m ore of g ro s s p a yroll. In cents per hour paid fo r , nearly half of
the w ork ers w ere em ployed by establishm ents spending le ss than 1 cent, and over
85 percent w ere em ployed by establishm ents spending le s s than 6 cents. In the
p rim a ry m etal, fab rica ted m etal products, and transportation equipment indus­
t r ie s , how ever, over half of the w ork ers w ere em ployed in establishm ents r e ­
porting payments of 4 to 8 cents per hour paid fo r .
22
Some plants with provisions for one o f the plans also had separate provisions for the other. Hence, the ratios
include some workers that have been counted tw ice— once for each type o f plan. Such double counting is not a factor
in the ratio o f workers in establishments with expenditures for either or both severance or dismissal pay and supplemental
unemployment benefits. This latter ratio was obtained by counting the workers in each plant, only on ce, even though
the plant may have had separate expenditures for each o f the components.




60

Savings and Thrift Plans
E m ployer expenditures fo r savings and thrift plans, equaling about 0.1 p e r ­
cent of the g ro s s and straigh t-tim e p a yrolls of production and related w ork ers,
w ere not w idely found in the manufacturing industries. E m ployer expenditures in
each of the industries fo r which data are available, except the instrum ents and
e le c tr ic a l equipment industries, amounted to le s s than 0 .0 5 percent of g ro s s pay­
r o ll. Expenditures in the instrum ents and e le c tr ic a l equipment groups w ere equal,
re sp e ctiv e ly , to 0. 2 and 0. 1 percent of g ro s s p a yroll.
About 4 percent of the production and related w ork ers in a ll m anufac­
turing w ere em ployed by establishm ents with expenditures fo r savings and thrift
plans; the p rop ortion s ranging fro m 5 percent in the N ortheast and South to 3 p e r ­
cent in the North Central and W est.
Am ong the industries fo r which data a re
available, about 11 percent of the w ork ers in the e le c tr ic a l equipment and 7 p e r ­
cent of the w ork ers in the instrum ents industries w ere em ployed by establishm ents
with expenditures fo r savings and thrift plans; and fro m 4 to le s s than 1 percent
of the w ork ers in the other industries w ere em ployed by establishm ents with
such expenditures.
Am ong establishm ents with expenditures for savings and thrift plans,
em ployer payments equaled about 1. 2 percent of the g ro s s and straight-tim e pay­
r o lls , and amounted to 3 .3 cents per hour paid fo r or 3 .6 cents per plant hour.




Table 30.

Em ployer Expenditures for P rivate W elfare P lans for P rodu ction and Related W orker;
in the M anufacturing Industries, by Industry G ro u p , 1962
E m ployer expenditures in all establishm ents
P e rce n t o f g r o s s pa y ro ll

Industry group
P rivate
w elfare
plans

A ll industries 1
2__ _
F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s _____________________
T o b a c co m anufactures
_____
_____
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ___________________________
A pparel and other finished textile p r o d u c ts__
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts_____________________
F urniture and fix tu r e s __________________________
P aper and allied produ cts ________ _ __
P rin tin g, publishing, and allied industries
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s produ cts__
L eather and leather p rod u cts__________________
Stone, c la y , and g la ss p r o d u c t s ______________
P r im a r y m etal in d u s tr ie s ______________________
F a bricated m etal p r o d u c t s __ ____ ______
M ach in ery, except e l e c t r i c a l _________________
E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies_______________________ ______________ . . .
T ran sp ortation equipm ent______________________
Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s _____________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ..

L ife ,
Pen sion
accident,
and
and health retirem ent
insurance
plans

5. 4

2. 7

2. 4

5. 3
7.9
2. 9
3. 2
2. 7
3. 7
5. 0
4. 0
6. 2
3. 1
5. 2
7 .9
5. 7
5. 4

2. 6
2. 4
1. 7
1. 3
1. 7
2. 2
2. 8
2. 0
3.4
1. 8
2. 8
4. 0
3. 2
2. 7

2.
5.
1.
1.
.
1.
2.
2.
2.
1.
2.
3.
2.
2.

5.
7.
5.
4.

2.
3.
2.
2.

2. 3
2. 8
2.9
1. 8

1
2
7
0

5
5
5
1

5
5
1
5
9
4
2
0
6
1
2
0
2
6

V acation
and
holiday
funds

_

P e rce n t o f s tra igh t-tim e pa y roll

Severan ce
pay and
supplem ental
unem ploym ent
benefits 1

Savings
and
thrift
plans

P riva te
w elfare
plans

L ife,
P en sion
and
accident,
and health retirem en t
insurance
plans

Food and kindred p r o d u c t s ___________ _________
T o b a c co m anufactures__________________________
T ex tile m ill p r o d u c t s ___________________________
A pparel and other finished textile p ro d u cts __
L um ber and w ood p rod u cts_____________________
Furniture and fixtu res _ ______
____
_ __
P a per and a llied p r o d u c t s ______________________
P rin tin g, publishing, and a llied industries___
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s produ cts__
Leather and leather p rod u cts __________________
Stone, cla y , and g la ss p r o d u c t s _______________
P r im a r y m etal in d u s tr ie s ______________________
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s _____________________
M ach in ery, except e l e c t r i c a l _________________
E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies________________________________________
T ran sp ortation equipm ent______________________
Instrum ents and rela ted produ cts _ _ ___ ___
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s . __

13. 1

6. 5

12.
15.
5.
5.
5.
7.
12.
11.
15.
5.
13.

6.
4.
2.
2.
3.
4.
6.
5.
8.
3.
7.

1
6
1
5
3
5
4
6
3
5
1

1
7
9
2
4
4
8
8
6
2
0

24. 2

12. 1

14. 4
14. 7

8. 1
7. 3

12.
20.
14.
8.

2
6
2
3

6.
10.
6.
4.

0
0
1
4

5. 7
5. 7
10. 8
1.9
2. 6
1.9
2.9
5. 4
5. 7
6 .4
2. 0
5. 4
9. 2
5. 6
7. 0
5.
8.
7.
3.

4
1
3
8

B ecau se o f rounding, sums o f individual item s may not equal totals.




Savings
and
thrift
plans

0. 3

0. 1

5. 7

2. 8

2. 5

( 3)

0. 3

0. 1

( 3)

( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
(*)
( 3)

2. 8
2. 5
1. 7
1. 3
1. 8
2. 3
3. 0
2. 1
3. 6
1.9
2.9
4. 2
3. 3
2. 8

2.
5.
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
2.
2.
1.
2.
3.
2.
2.

0. 1
( 3)
. 1
. 1
( 3)
. 1
(3)
(3)
. 1
(3)
.3
1. 0
.3
. 1

( 3)
( 3)
3
(3)
( 3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
( 3)

(3)

5. 5
8. 1
3. 1
3. 2
2. 8
3.9
5. 4
4. 2
6. 5
3. 2
5. 5
8. 3
5.9
5. 7

( 3)

( 3)
( 3)

0. 1
( 3)
. 1
. 1
( 3)
. 1
(3)
( 3)
. 1
( 3)
.3
.9
.2
. 1

( 3)

(?)
( 3)
( 3)

.2
.8
.2
(3)

0. 1
( 3)
.2
(3)

5.
7.
6.
4.

2.
3.
2.
2.

2. 4
3. 0
3. 1
1.9

.2
.8
.2
(3)

0. 1
( 3)
.2
(3)

0. 1

0. 6

0. 1

13.9

6.9

6. 1

0. 1

0. 7

0. 1

( 3)

0.
.
.
.

0. 1

12. 8
16. 5
5. 3
5. 7
5. 4
7. 8
13. 3
12. 5
16. 4
5. 8
13.9
26. 1
15. 3
15. 7

6. 5
5. 0
3. 0
2. 3
3. 5
4. 6
7. 3
6. 2
9. 2
3. 4
7 .4
13. 1
8. 6
7. 8

6. 0
11. 5
2. 0
2. 7
1. 9
3. 0
5. 8
6. 1
6. 8
2. 1
5. 7
9 .9
5.9
7. 5

( 3)

0.
.
.
.

0. 1

13.
22.
15.
8.

6.
10.
6.
4.

( 3)
0. 3
( 3)

(*)
( 3)
.2
( 3)
. 1

( 3)
( 3)
( 3)

3
6
0
1

6
7
6
2

( 3)

0. 5
. 1
0
( 3)

. 3

( 3)

.2
. 1

( 3)
(3)

. 1
-

( 3)

6
6
2
5
0
5
4
1
7
1
3
1
3
7

( 3)
0. 3
_

( 3)
(*)
( 3)
.2
( 3)
. 1
( 3)

( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)

( 3)
( 3)
(3)

Cents p er plant hour

3
1
2
1

( 3)

.2
( 3)

. 1
. 3

( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)

. 1

( 3)
( 3)

( 3)

.
2.
.
.

6
8
6
3

( 3)

. 1

( 3)

. 1

.5
2. 3
.4

.2
( 3)

(3)

( 3)

.4

0
1
3
8

5
8
6
7

5.
8.
7.
4.

8
7
8
0

1 Includes d is m is s a l paym ents.
2 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied p ro d u cts, and petroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not p resen ted separately.
3 L e s s than 0. 05 p ercen t o r cents.
NOTE:

S everance
pay and
supplem ental
unem ploym ent
benefits 1

( 3).

Cents p e r hour paid fo r
A ll industries 2_____________________________

V acation
and
holiday
funds

( 3)

0. 5
_
. 1
_
( 3)
(3)

. 3

( 3)

.2
. 1

( 3)
( 3)

. 1
_
. 1

3
1
2
1

( 3)

.2

( 3)

. 1
.4

( 3)

.
3.
.
.

7
1
7
3

( 3)

3
( 3)
(3)
(3)

. 1

(3)
( 3)

. 1
. 1
( 3)

. 1

.5
2. 4
.5

( 3)

.2

( 3)

( 3)

.5

Table 31.

E m p loyer Expenditures fo r P rivate W elfare P lans fo r P rod u ction and R elated W orkers in M anufacturing Industry E stablishm ents
With Expenditures fo r the P r a c t ic e , by Industry G roup, 1962

OS

E m ployer expenditures in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p r a c tic e
P ercen t of g r o s s pa y ro ll
Industry group
Private
w elfare
plans 1

F o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u r t § _ m
_______
T o b a c c o m a n u fa c tu r e s ^
n „,r
T e x tile m ill p ro d u cts
_
_

_
A p p a rel and other fin ish ed textile produ cts
L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s

nnrT

. ....

F u r n it u r e and f ix t u r e s
nniir.
P a per and allied produ cts
- P rin tin g, publishing, and allied i n d u s t r i e s -----Rubber and m is ce lla n e o u s p la s tic s p r o d u c ts _
L e a t h e r and le a t h e r p r o d u c t s
S to n e , c l a y , and g l a s s p r o d u c t s
F a b r ic a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s
M a c h in e r y ,, e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l

_

Life,
accident,
and health
insurance

P en sion
and
retirem ent
plans

P e rce n t of s tra igh t-tim e p a yroll
S everance
pay and
supplem ental
unem ploym ent
benefits 2

Private
w elfare
plans 1

_

.....

_

A p p arel and other fin ish ed textile produ cts _

P rin tin g, publishing, and a l li e d i n d u s t r i e s ------Rubber and m is cella n eou s p la s tics produ cts _

2.9

3.5

.0.9

6.1

3.1

3.7

1.0

3.0
2.6
1.8
2.0
2.5
2.6 •
2.8
2.3
3.6
2.1
3.0
4.0
3.4
2.9

3.6
6.7
2.6
3.3
2.8
3.2
2.9
3.0
3.6
2.7
3.1
3.3
3.6
3.9

0.9
(4)
(4)
.5

(4 )
.2
.3
(4)
1.3
1.4
1.3
.6

6.1
8.7
3.3
4.6
4.0
4.5
5.5
4.7
6.7
3.5
5.8
8.4
6.2
6.1

3.1
2.6
1.9
2.0
2.7
2.7
3.0
2.4
3.8
2.1
3.2
4.2
3.5
3.0

3.7
6.9
2.8
3.4
3.0
3.3
3.1
3.1
3.8
2.7
3.3
3.5
3.8
4.1

0.9
(4)
(4)
.6
(4)
(4 )
(4 )
.2
.3
(4)
1.4
1.5
1.4
.6

5.2
7.3
6.1
4.8

2.6
3.5
2.6
2.6

3.2
3.5
4.0
3.6

.5
1.2
.6
(4)

5.5
7.7
6.4
4.9

2.7
3.7
2.7
2.7

3.3
3.7
4.2
3.7

.5
1.3
.6
(4 )

<!>
0

funds,

Cents p er plant hour

14.5

7.3

9.3

2.7

15.5

7.8

9.9

3.0

14.1
17.1
5.6
7.8
8.1
9.0
12.6
13.3
16.2
6.0
14.0
24.5
15.3
15.8

7.1
5.2
3.2
3.4
5.4
5.3
7.0
6.8
9.1
3.7
7.7
12.3
8.6
7.9

9.3
14.2
4.7
6.0
6.5
7.3
7.5
9.1
10.0
4.8
8.1
10.5
9.9
11.1

2.6
(4)
(4)
1.1
(4)
(4 )
(4)
.8
.9
(4)
3.7
4.5
3.9
1.8

15.0
18.2
5.8
8.1
8.5
9.5
13.5
14.3
17.4
6.4
14.9
26.3
16.2
16.9

7.6
5.5
3.4
3.5
5.6
5.6
7.5
7.3
9.7
3.9
8.2
13.2
9.2
8.4

10.0
15.2
4.9
6.3
6.9
7.8
8.1
9.8
10.9
5.1
8.7
11.4
10.6
12.0

2.8
(4 )
(4)
1.1
(4)
(4 )
.8
1.0
(4)
4.0
4.9
4.2
2.0

12.7
21.0
15.5
10.1

6.3
10.2
6.7
5.5

8.1
10.3
10.3
8.3

1.4
3.8
1.7
(4 )

13.6
22.6
16.7
10.7

6.8
11.0
7.2
5.8

8.7
11.1
11.2
8.8

1.5
4.1
1.8
(4 )

E le c t r ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
T r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t
_ _ ............
I n s tr u m e n t s and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r i e s -------

Severan ce
pay and
supplem ental
unem ploym ent
ben efits 2

5.9
8.4
3.2
4.5
3.8
4.4
5.1
4.5
6.4
3.4
5.5
8.0
6.0
5.8

Cents p e r hour paid fo r

F o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s

P en sion
and
retirem en t
plans

5.9

E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and

A ll in d u s t r ie s 3

L ife,
accident,
and health
insurance

1 D etail by p r a c t ic e does not add to total becau se of: A change in the b a s e used in com puting each of the com ponents; and the inclusion in the total of data fo r
and savings and th rift plans not rep o rte d separately.
2 Includes d is m is s a l paym ents.
2 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s , ch em icals and allied products, and petroleu m refining and related products industries not presented separately.
4 Data do not m eet publication c r it e r ia .




4

vacation and holiday

T a b le 32.

E m ployer Expenditures fo r L ife, A ccid en t, and Health Insurance fo r P rod u ction and R elated W ork ers in M anufacturing Industry Establishm ents
With Expenditures fo r the P r a c t ic e , by Type o f C on tribution, R egion, and Industry G roup, 1962
E m ployer expenditures in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p r a c tic e

R egion and industry group

P e rce n t of g r o s s pa y ro ll
Contributory
plans

N oncontributory
plans

P e r c e n t o f stra ig h t-tim e p a y ro ll
C on tributory
plans

N oncontributory
plans

Cents p e r hour paid fo r
C on tributory
plans

N oncontributory
plans
8. 7
8. 3
7 .4
9 .9
9. 2

5
5
5
7
3

6. 4
6. 1
4. 2
7 .9
7. 1

2. 8
( 2)
1. 6
2. 0
2. 6
1.9
2. 8
2. 2
2. 7
1.9
2.9
3 .4
3. 0
2. 8

3.4
3. 1
2. 5
2. 0
2. 8
3. 4
3. 4
2. 7
4. 4
2 .4
3. 6
4. 6
4. 0
3. 5

6. 2
( 2)
2. 7
3. 1
5. 1
3. 5
6. 5
6. 3
5. 7
3. 2
6 .9
8. 3
7. 3
7. 1

8.
6.
4.
3.
6.
7.
7.
8.
11.
4.
9.
14.
10.
9.

2. 6
3 .6
2. 4
2 .4

3. 1
4. 2
3.7
3. 0

6. 1
9 .8
6. 0
4. 7

6 .9
11. 5
8. 7
6. 7

United States 1
N o r t h e a s tSouth-.
N orth C e n tr a l______________________________

2.
2.
2.
3.
2.

6
5
0
0
6

3 .4
3 .4
3. 3
3. 6
3. 2

2.
2.
2.
3.
2.

F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s ----------------------------T obac c o m anufactur e s _____ — ________________
T e x tile m ill p r o d u c t s -------------------------------------A p parel and other fin ish ed te xtile products .
L u m b er and w ood p r o d u c ts -------- -------------------Fu rn iture and fix tu r e s ---------- —— -----------------P a p er and allied p r o d u c t s -------------- — -----------P rin tin g , publishing, and a llie d in du stries—.
R ubber and m is c e lla n e o u s p la s tic s products.
L eath er and leather p r o d u c ts .— ______ ______
Stone, c la y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s -------------------P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ----------------------- ——
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s -------- —----------------M a ch in ery, except e le c t r ic a l— -------- —--------E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent, and
su p p lies_________________________________ ——
T ra n sp orta tion equ ip m en t------------- --------- -----Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s ----------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ------

2. 7
( 2)
1. 5
2. 0
2. 5
1. 8
2. 6
2. 1
2. 5
1. 8
2. 8
3. 2
2.9
2. 7

3. 3
3. 0
2 .4
2. 0
2. 7
3. 3
3. 2
2. 6
4. 1
2. 3
3 .4
4. 2
3.9
3. 3

2. 5
3 .4
2. 3
2. 3

3. 0
4. 0
3. 5
2.9

7
6
1
2
7

3.
3.
3.
3.
3.

3
1
1
6
3
5
7
2
2
2
3
0
1
3

Cents p e r plant hour
C on tributory
plans

.

6 8

6.6
4. 4
8 .4
7. 6
6. 6

.

(2)

2 8
3. 3
5. 3
3. 6
7. 0
6.7
6. 0
3.4
7. 3
8 8
7. 7
7. 6

.

6.
10.
6.
5.

5
5
5
0

N oncontributory
______ plans_______
9. 3
8.9
7. 8
10. 6

9 .9
8.9
6. 5
4. 3
3. 8
6. 5

8. 0

8. 3
8.9
12. 2
4. 4
9 .9
15. 2
10 . 8
10 . 0
7. 3
12. 5
9 .4
7. 2

1 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and a llied p ro d u cts, and p etroleu m refining and rela ted produ cts industries not presen ted separately.
2 Data do not m eet pu b lication c r ite r ia .




ON
00

Table 33.

Em ployer Expenditures fo r Pension and R etirem ent Plans fo r Produ ction and Related W orkers in M anufacturing Industry Establishm ents
With Expenditures for the P r a c tice , by Type of Contribution, Region, and Industry Group, 1962

O n

E m p l o y e r e x pe n d it u r e s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s with ex p e n d it u r es f o r the p r a c t i c e

Region and industry group

P ercent of g r o s s payroll
Contributory
plans
4
1
8
4
5

P ercent of straigh t-tim e payroll

Cents per hour paid fo r

Contributory
plans

N oncontributory
plans

Contributory
plans

N oncontributory
plans

Contributory
plans

3.
3.
3.
3.
2.

5
6
7
6
8

3.6
3. 2
4. 0
3. 5
3. 7

3.
3.
3.
3.
2.

8.
8.
9.
9.
9.

7
0
0
2
2

9 .4
9. 3
8. 6
10. 3
8. 2

9 .4
8. 6
9. 5
9 .9
9. 9

10.
10.
9.
11.
8.

9 .4
14. 3
5. 4
6. 2
7. 6
7 .9
7 .0
9 .9
10. 2
4. 9
8.7
10. 1
10. 2
11. 7

9.7
(?)
( )
( )
( )
(2)
9. 5
8. 2
(2)
(?)
(2)
(*)
(2)
9.8

10. 1
15. 3
5. 6
6. 4
8. 0
8. 5
7. 5
10. 7
11. 1
5. 2
9. 3
10. 9
11. 0
12. 6

8.
10.
11.
8.

6. 8
(!)

9 .4
11. 4
12. 0
9 .4

United States 1-----------------------------------------------------N ortheast-------------------------------------------------------South---------------------------------------------------------------North C e n tr a l________________________________
W e s t_________________________________________

3.
3.
3.
3.
3.

Food and kindred p r o d u c ts -------------------------------T ob a cco m anufactures--------------------------------------Textile m ill p r o d u c ts ----------------------------------------Apparel and other finished textile products —
Lum ber and wood p rod u cts-------------------------------Furniture and fix tu r e s --------------------------------------P aper and allied p r o d u c ts --------------------------------P rinting, publishing, and allied in d u stries----Rubber and m iscella n eou s pla stics products—
Leather and leather p rod u cts---------------------------Stone, cla y, and glass p r o d u c ts ----------------------P rim a ry m etal in d u s t r ie s _____________________
F a bricated m etal p r o d u c ts -------------------------------M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l---------------------------E le c tr ic a l m achinery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies------------------------------------------------------------Tran sportation equ ipm en t--------------------------------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c ts -------------------M iscella neous m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ---------

3. 7
(2)
( >
(?)
(?)
(2)
3. 3
2. 4
(?)
(?)
(2)
(2)
(2)
3. 3

3. 5
6. 8
3. 0
3. 3
3. 1
3. 4
2. 7
3. 3
3.7
2. 7
3. 2
3. 1
3. 7
4. 1

3 .9
(2)
(?)
( )
?)
(2)
3. 5
2.6
(?)
( )
(2)
(*)
(2)
3. 4

3. 7
7. 0
3. 1
3 .4
3. 2
3. 5
2 .9
3. 5
3 .9
2. 7
3. 4
3. 3
3 .9
4. 3

9. 0
(?)
( )
(
*
(2)
8. 7
7. 6

2. 4
(?)
(2)
(2)

3.
3.
4.
3.

2. 5
(2)
(?)
(2)

3.
3.
4.
4.

6. 3

5
5
3
9

7
7
8
8
9

6
8
5
0

iz!
(?)
(2)
0

(2)
9. 0

(?)
( )
(2)

8
5
1
8

Incl ude s the o r d n a n c e and a c c e s s o r i e s , c h e m i c a l s and a ll ie d p r o d u c t s , and p e t r o le u m r e fi ni ng and re l at e d pr o d u c t s i n d u st r ie s not p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e l y .
Data do not m e e t p u bl ic a ti o n c r i t e r i a .




Cents per plant hour

N oncontributory
plans

(2)

N oncontributory
plans
1
0
2
1
8

T a b le 34.

D is tr ib u t io n o f P r o d u c t io n and R e la t e d W o r k e r s by E m p lo y e r E x p e n d itu r e s t o r P r i v a t e W e lfa r e P la n s A s A P e r c e n t o f G r o s s P a y r o l l,
b y R e g io n and M a n u fa ctu r in g In d u stry G ro u p , 1962

P e rce n t o f production and related w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—

R egion and industry group

United States 1__________________________________
N ortheast____________________________________
South--------------------------------------------------------------N orth C e n tr a l----------------------------------------------W e s t _________________________________________
F ood and kindred p r o d u c ts ------------------------------T ob a cco m anu factu res-------------------------------------Textile m ill p r o d u c ts ---------------------------------------A p parel and other finished textile p r o d u c ts ..
L um ber and w ood p rod u cts____________________
F u rniture and fix tu r e s -------------------------------------P aper and allied p r o d u c ts -------------------------------Printin g, publishing, and allie d in d u strie s---Rubber and m iscella n eou s pla stics products—
L eather and leather p rodu cts__________________
Stone, cla y , and glass p r o d u c t s --------- --------P r im a r y m etal in d u s tr ie s -------------------------------F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c ts ------------------------------M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l--------------------------E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
su pplies______________ _____________________ —__
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t-------------------------------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s ------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s --------

1 Includes the ordnance and
2 L ess than 0. 5 percent.
NOTE:

W orkers
in all
establish ­
ments
(percent)

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

Expenditures fo r private w elfare plans
No
expendi­
tures
for the
practice

10
11
6

13

14

15
9

8

29
38
17

2

13
5
9
7

1

5
7

5

2
8
19

As a percen t o f g r o s s payroll
A ll

1
Under

1

90
89
87
94

86

85
91
92
71
62
83
98
87
95
91
93
99
95
93
95
98
92
81

6
4
13
4
4
5

2
19
11
9
12
4
3
5

16
7
1
5
3

and
under

2

10
9
16
10
8
9

8
22
12
8

10
10
9
10
8
8
7
9

8
11

10
11
12
11
14
6
16
10
8
11

9

9

15
7
13
9
17
4

3
3

11
8
12

4

14

1

and
under
3

14

6
11
10

3
and
under
4

4
and
under
5

5
and
under

6

6
and
under
7

10
11
9
10
11

9
9
14

15

7

7

12

13

13
5

14
3
4
5
14

( 2)
7
9

7

9
14

5
9

8

12
13
15

16
12
11
11
7
7

12
11
7
11
14

10
10

8

8
10

13
15
7
7
13
16
13
7

8

9

10
6
8

6

12
10
10
9
2
7
13

11
8
8
6

7

8
3
8
8
6
2
6

8
10
3
7

2
11
7

5
4
18

10

7
and
under

8

8

and
under
9

8
9
5
9

6
8
4
2
5
4
3

11
2
6
2
11
14
12
8
12
7
2
5

9
and
under

10

5
4
5

6

6
7
6
6

3

5

6
17
3

1
2
1

4
3

2
1

4
.

1
1
2

4

4
3

8
1
2

5
9
5
3

27
7
5

2

4

4
4
5

6
6
5

10
and
under

11
4
4

2
7
1
1
12
1
4
(2)

2
2
2
8
_

3
9
3
4
3
17
3
(2)

11
and
over

5
5
4

8
3

6
19
(2)

1

_
3

2
2
2
6
9

9
7
7

2
15
9

1

a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied products, and petroleum refining and related products industries not presented separately,

B ecause of rounding, sums o f individual item s may not equal totals.




Ch
Oi

T a ble 35.

D istribution of Produ ction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r L ife , A ccid e n t, and Health Insurance
As A P e rce n t of G ross P a y ro ll, by Region and M anufacturing Industry G roup, 1962

Os

C\

P ercen t o f production and related w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—
Expenditures fo;r life , a ccid en t, and health insurance

W orkers
R egion and industry group

As a percen t o f g r o s s p ayroll

establish -

expendi-

(percent)

fo r the
p ra ctice

A ll

Under
1

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
3

3
and
under
4

4
and
under
5

5
and
under
6

6
and
over

United States 1 __________________________________
N o r t h e a s t _________ _________________ -_____
South- _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _
North C en tral.____________________ _________ _
W e s t _________________________________________

100
100
100
100
100

11
13
15
7
15

89
87
85
93
85

10
7
21
6
7

21
20
23
21
19

22
24
19
22
27

16
18
10
18
19

10
10
6
15
5

7
6
5
9
4

3
2
1
4
4

Food and kindred p r o d u c ts -------------- ----------------T ob a cco m an u factu res__________________________
T extile m ill p r o d u c ts __________________________
A p parel and other finished textile p r o d u c ts__
Lum ber and wood p ro d u cts________ ___________
F u rniture and fix tu r e s __________________________
Paper and allied p r o d u c t s _____________________
Printing, publishing, and allied in du stries___
Rubber and m isce lla n e o u s plastics products__
Leather and leather p rod u cts__________________
Stone, cla y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts _______________
P rim a ry m etal in d u s t r ie s _____________________
F a bricated m etal p r o d u c t s _____________________
M achinery, excep t e le c t r ic a l__________________
E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipment, and
su p p lies------------------------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t_____________________
Instrum ents and related p r o d u c ts _____________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ______

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

15
9
10
34
39
18
2
15
5
12
8
1
6
8

85
91
90
66
61
82
98
85
95
88
92
99
94
92

9
5
33
22
10
14
5
8
7
19
8
3
7
4

15
33
22
16
11
18
24
29
16
28
17
12
17
27

23
18
16
15
20
20
33
26
15
28
26
15
21
20

21
26
12
8
14
20
17
16
26
8
22
18
20
21

9
4
4
3
3
5
10
3
14
4
13
30
12
13

4
3
2
1
3
(2)
8
2
15
2
3
16
13
5

4
1
(2)
1
1
4
1
1
4
(2)
3
5
4
2

100
100
100
100

5
2
9
22

95
98
91
78

5
4
4
7

32
19
33
24

33
18
18
22

12
15
22
15

8
18
9
6

4
19
3
3

2
5
2
2

Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s ,
presented separately.
2 L ess than 0.5 percent.
NOTE:




ch em icals

and allied

products,

B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals.

and petroleu m

refining and related products industries not

T a ble 36.

D istribution o f Produ ction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r Pen sion and Retirem ent Plans A s A P e rcen t of G ro s s P a y ro ll,
by Region and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P e rce n t o f production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—

R egion and industry group

W orkers
in all
esta b lish ­
ments
(percent)

No
expendi­
tures
fo r the
p ra ctice

Expenditures fo r pension and retirem en t plans
As a percen t o f g r o s s p a y ro ll
A ll

Under
1

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
3

3
and
under
4

4
and
under
5

5
and
under
6

and
under
7

7
and
under
8

United States 1 ___________________________________
N o r t h e a s t _____________________________________
S o u th ---------------------------------------------------------------N orth C e n tr a l-------------------------------------------------W e s t ___ _
________________ ....

100
100
100
100
100

39
38
47
34
37

61
62
53
66
63

6
6
7
5
6

11
13
10
9
13

13
14
11
13
19

13
10
8
19
13

8
8
8
8
6

4
5
3
4
3

F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s ______________________
T o b a c co m anu factu res___________________________
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------------A p parel and other finished textile p ro d u cts___
Lu m ber and w ood p rod u cts ______________________
F u rniture and fix tu r e s ----------------------------------------P a per and a llied p r o d u c t s ______________________
P rintin g, publishing, and a llie d in d u strie s____
Rubber and m is cella n eou s p la s tic s produ cts___
L eather and leather p ro d u cts ----------------------------Stone, cla y , and glass p r o d u c t s ________________
P r im a r y m etal in d u s tr ie s ______________________
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s ______________________
M achinery, except e l e c t r i c a l __________________
E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies______ ________________________________
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t______________________
Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s ______________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing industries __

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

39
24
59
57
73
61
29
37
36
58
33
13
43
36

61
76
41
43
27
39
71
63
64
42
67
87
57
64

3
5
10
5
2
3
10
13
2
2
6
7
5
5

10
5
10
13
5
15
12
15
6
6
16
9
6
8

12
5
5
8
7
10
15
10
19
25
19
29
9
13

14
11
6
5
9
5
15
7
11
6
11
16
20
17

11
3
7
4
3
2
14
5
13
2
7
13
9
9

6
3
2
4
2
2
4
5
(2)
3
6
3
2

2
1
2
6
(2)
3
4
3

1
1
2
(2)

34

66
79
71
45

7
3
4
4

19
11
21
6

11
21
6
8

11
26
13
8

5
8
6
9

4
3
8
4

7
2
2
3

1
3
2
2

100
100
100
100

21

29
55

(2 )

3
3
4
3
!

1
1
1
2

11

2
18

(2 )

(2 )

3

8
and
under
9
1
1
1
1
<2>
2

9
and
under
10
1
1
(*)

1
(2)

(2 )

1

H

(*)

1

10
and
under
11

(2 )
(2 )
r )
(2 )

(2 )

1
2

(2 )

(2 )

_
_

(2 )

1

_
< *>

(2)

1

(*)
1

(2)

(2 )

(*)
2
2
H
2

(2 )

(2 )

H

(2 )

14

2

2

1
1
1
1
<2>

1

(2 )

(2 )

11
and
over

1

7

1

(*>
_
_

(2)
3
1
<2 )

(2 )
■

(2)
(2)

1

<2 )

Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied produ cts, and petroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not p resented separately.
2 L ess than 0. 5 p ercen t.
NOTE:

B eca u se o f rounding, sums o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.




3

T able 37.

D istribution of Produ ction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r P rivate W elfare Plans In Cents P e r Hour Paid F or,
by Region and Manufacturing Industry G roup, 1962
P e rce n t of production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—
Expenditures fo r private w e lfa re plans

W orkers
R egion and industry group

United States 1-----------------------------------------------------N ortheast------------------------------------------------------—
South---------------------------------------------------------------North C e n tr a l------------------------------------------------W e s t ---------------------------------------------------------------F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s --------------------------------T o b a cco m an u factu res---------------------------------------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------A pparel and other finished te xtile p rodu cts —
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts ---------------- ---------------Fu rn iture and fix tu r e s ---------------------------- ----------Paper and allied p r o d u c t s ---- ----------------- -— ——
Printin g, publishing, and allied industries —
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s p ro d u cts —
Leather and leather p rod u cts----------------- ----------Stone, cla y, and glass produ cts — -------------------P r im a r y m etal in d u s tr ie s ---------------------------------F a b rica ted m etal products — ---------------------- -----M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l---------------------- -— E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
S Uppl i e S mmm-mmmmmmm*
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t------- —— -— -------- -----Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s ---- —-------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s -------- -

In cents per hour paid fo r

e stablish -

expendi-

(percent)

for the
p ra ctice

All

100
100
100
100
100

10
11
13
6
14

90
89
87
94
86

2
2
6
1
1

5
3
12
3
1

9
9
14
8
5

9
8
8
8
8

8
8
9
6
6

7
6
5
8
7

6
8
4
6
6

7
10
4
6
8

5
5
3
5
8

4
3
4
5
12

5
6
3
5
6

4
4
2
5
3

2
2
(1
2)
4
2

2
2
2
• 4
3

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

15
9
8
29
38
17

85
91
92
71
62
83
98
87
95
91
93
99
95
93

4
(2)
7
5
4
5
1
(2)
1
7
3
1
(2)
1

4
3
18
9
5
8
3
3
4
13
3
1
5
3

8
8
20
15
10
15
7
7
9
17
8
3
12
6

5
5
12
7
11
15
10
9
6
17
6
6
8
6

5
11
14
4
7
9
6
6
7
12
10
3
6
8

7
1
7
9
4
6
13
5
7
14
8
2

6
11
6
7
3
3
10
12
9
3
9
3
4

4
2
2
1
4
5
9
8
2
1
8
5

9
3
1
4
3
8
5
6
1
3
5

5

7
1
2
5
1
5
9
11
2
1
7
4
6
14

5
3
3
6
1
7
4
9
2
6
2
10
6

7
24
(2)
1
1
2
4
4
2
2
8
2
7
3

3
1
1
3
3
7
1
1
4
4
4

1
1

2
2
1
3

10

12

7
4
11
11

9
4
7
6

7
7
7
10

13
9
4
6

6
2
7
3

8
3
6
5

1
4
1
1

100
100
100
100

2

13
5
9
7
1
5
7
5

2
8
19

95
98
92
81

22
24
26
20
28
18
14
16
1
10
12
4
6
8
2
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
Under and
and
1
under under under under under under under under under under under under under under under
24
28
30
20
22
26
12
18
14
2
8
10
16
4
6

-

1

5

5

7
14

11
11

5
5

5

5

8

4

6
6
7
3

5
5
5

4

1 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied products, and petroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not presen ted separately.
2 L ess than 0.5 percen t.
N OTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals.




30
and
over

2
2
2
2
2

2
2
3
2
2

10
9
5
16

3
2
1
2
7
2
5
1
7
3
4

1
10
(2)
1

1
2
(2)
1
2
(2)
2
3
(2)
10
2
1

5
9
(2)
1

1
2
1
1

£)
(2)

(2)

(2)
4
1
3
7
3
3

3
1

1
3
1

6

(2)

3
1
3
15
(2)
8
35
11
11
6
36
13
1

Table 38.

D istribution of Produ ction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r L ife , A ccid en t, and Health Insurance
In Cents P e r Hour Paid F o r , by Region and M anufacturing Industry G roup, 1962
P ercen t of production and related w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—

R egion and industry group

W orkers
in all
e sta b lish ­
ments
(percent)

Expenditures fo r life , accident,, and health insurance
No
expendi-

In cents per hour paid fo r

for the
p ractice

A ll

Under
1

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
4

4
and
under
6

6
and
under
8

8
and
under
10

10
and
under
12

12
and
under
14

14
and
under
16

United States 1 ______________ _______________ __
N o r t h e a s t _____________________ ______________
S o u th _____________ ________ _________________
North C e n tr a l_______________________________
W e s t __________________________________________

100
100
100
100
100

11
13
15
7
15

89
87
85
93
85

4
2
10
2
3

7
5
16
4
2

16
17
18
15
10

16
18
15
15
15

14
16
10
12
17

10
8
5
10
18

7
7
5
10
8

6
6
4
9
4

4
4
2
8
3

F ood and kindred p r o d u c ts _____________________
T ob a cco m anu factu res__________________________
T extile m ill products ___________________________
A p parel and other finished textile p r o d u c ts __
Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts_____________________
Furniture and fix tu r e s __________________________
P aper and allied p r o d u c t s ______________________
P rinting, publishing, and allied in d u stries___
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la stics products__
Leather and leather p rod u cts__________________
Stone, cla y , and gla s s p r o d u c ts _____ ______
P rim a ry m etal in d u s t r ie s ______________________
F a bricated m etal p r o d u c ts _____________________
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l_____________ ___
E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies------------------------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t______________________
Instrum ents and related p r o d u c ts --------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ______

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

15
9
10
34
39
18
2
15
5
12
8
1
6
8

85
91
90
66
61
82
98
85
95
88
92
99
94
92

6
1
16
10
5
6
1
1
2
8
3
2
(2)
1

5
8
22
16
6
10
3
6
5
16
5
1
6
3

12
26
22
19
15
21
15
15
13
31
12
8
13
13

12
31
16
12
8
17
27
18
13
24
15
5
15
20

14
9
10
3
11
11
20
14
9
2
18
10
14
17

16
12
2
2
10
9
17
11
13
3
14
5
14
11

11
4
1
1
4
2
5
11
15
2
9
12
9
10

3
(2)
( 2)

2
_
1
1

2
2
7
6
6
1
9
15
9
10

(2)
1
3
2
9
(2)
3
14
7
4

100
100
100
100

5

2
9
22

95
98
91
78

1
1
2
1

2
2
3
6

28
7
18
21

22
15
20
26

19
12
23
9

6
10
9
7

5
12
9
6

6
7
6

3
18
1
(2)

1

1 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied products, and petroleum refining and related products industries not presented separately.
2 L ess than 0.5 p ercen t.
NOTE:

B ecau se of rounding, sums o f individual item s may not equal totals.




16
and
under
18

18
and
under
20

20
and
over

3
2
1
4
(2)

1
1
(1
2)
3
1

1
1
(2)
2
3

_

1
_

(2)

(2)

_

_
3
_

2
_
_
_
_

(2)
1
(2)
3
_
2
5
4
2

(2)
13
3
1

(2)
4
_
1
8
(2)
1

1
11
_

1
1
(2)

_
2
(2)

(2)

(2)
3
_

(2)

T able 39.

D istrib u tion o f P roduction and Related W orkers by E m ployer Expenditures fo r P en sion and R etirem ent Plans In Cents P e r Hour P aid F or,
by Region and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962

O

P ercen t o f production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—

R egion and industry group

W orkers
in all
esta b lish ­
ments
(percent)

Expenditures fo r pension and retirem en t plans
No
expendi­
tures
fo r the
pra ctice

In cents per hour paid fo r
All

Under
1

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
4

4
and
under
6

6
and
under
8

8
and
under
10

10
and
under
12

12
and
under
14

14
and
under
16

16
and
under
18

18
and
under
20

20
and
over

United States 1 ----------------------------------------------------N o r t h e a s t ------------------------------------------------------S o u th _________________________________________
N orth C e n tr a l________________________________
W e s t __________________________________________

100
100
100
100
100

39
38
47
34
37

61
62
53
66
63

2
2
4
2
3

3
3
5
3
2

7
8
7
6
5

9
12
7
8
9

9
8
8
8
16

7
7
5
7
11

9
8
6
14
9

4
4
4
6
2

4
4
2
5
1

2
2
1
2
2

1
1
1
1
1

4
3
4
4
2

F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s -------------------------------T o b a c co m an u factu res__________________________
T extile m ill products --------------------------------------A p parel and other finished textile produ cts —
L um ber and w ood p rod u cts-------------------------------F urniture and fix tu re s ---------------------------------------P aper and a llied p r o d u c t s ______________________
P rin tin g, publishing, and a llie d in d u strie s____
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tics produ cts —
Leath er and leather p ro d u cts __________________
Stone, cla y , and glass p r o d u c t s _______________
P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ---------------------------------F a bricated m etal p r o d u c t s -------------------------------M achinery, except e l e c t r i c a l --------------------------E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies-------------------------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t-------------------- ----------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s ------- ----------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ---------

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

39
24
59
57
73
61
29
37
36
58
33
13
43
36

61
76
41
43
27
39
71
63
64
42
67
87
57
64

2

1
(2)
11
2
5
5
4
6
1
1
1
7
1
2

5
14
7
14
1
11
7
8
3
17
14
2
3
3

9
10
5
5
2
5
13
9
8
16
9
10
6
8

10
1
11
4
10
9
9
8
15
4
12
13
5
10

9
1
3
7
5
1
12
7
6
2
4
7
12
13

12
9
(2)
3
1
2
14
3
10
1
9
18
10
7

6
3
1
2
1
(2)
3
3
3

3
20
(2)

1

4
7
7
5

1
3
(2)
1
1
1
4
3
5
3
13
4
3

-

2
4
1
1
4
4
(2)
1
4
1
3
2

3
2
1

(2)
2
2
2
4
3
2

2
15
(2)
2
(2)
3
(2)
6
1
(2)
4
4
2
7

100
100
100
100

34
21
29
55

66
79
71
45

4
1
2
1

3
1
1
2

8
3
15
6

18
11
12
8

5
15
4
7

3
6
9
6

12
22
6
7

3
6
4
2

7
3
3
3

1
3
6
(2)

(2)
1
1
1

1
6
8
2

-

-

Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied products, and petroleu m refining and related products industries not presen ted separately.
L ess than 0. 5 perce n t.
NOTE:

B ecau se o f rounding, sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.




(2)

-

-

1
1
4
10
(2)

-

Chapter 7.

Variations in Expenditures by Selected
Establishment Characteristics

Throughout this rep ort, expenditures have been d iscu ssed in relation to
selected establishm ent ch a ra cte ristics.
These d iscu ssion s have gen erally in d i­
cated the relationship, i f any, between the various ch a ra cte ristics and expendi­
tu res. H ow ever, a sp ecia l se rie s o f tabulations was prep ared in o rd e r to m o re
thoroughly exam ine the expenditure patterns of plants having the sam e ch a ra c­
teristics,,
The establishm ent ch a ra cteristics examined w ere: A verage hourly
earnings o f production and related w ork ers; em ploym ent s iz e ; union status o f the
m a jo rity o f the production and related w ork ers; and the m etropolitan o r nonm etro­
politan a rea location o f the plant.
Each ch a ra cte ristic and each supplem entary
p ra ctice was examined separately.
Data fo r those establishm ents that actually
had an expenditure for the p ra ctice are presented in this chapter. Data for all
m anufacturing establishm ents are presented in the follow ing chapter.
In general, during 1962 a la rg e r prop ortion o f the w ork ers in estab­
lishm ents with expenditures fo r the supplements studied w ere em ployed by plants
in which the average hourly earnings o f fa ctory w ork ers w ere among the upper
third o f all m anufacturing plants; plants with 500 em ployees o r m o re ; union plants;
and by plants located in m etropolitan a rea s, than in plants with other ch a ra c­
te r is tic s . Am ong the establishm ents with expenditures, those with these ch a ra c­
te ris tics gen erally had the highest lev el of expenditures fo r the supplem entary
p ra ctice s studied. 23
Hourly Earnings Groups
A ll m anufacturing establishm ents w ere divided into three groups by a v­
erage hourly earnings o f the production and related w ork ers in each esta blish ­
ment.
Each group represented approxim ately on e-th ird o f all manufacturing
plants. The average hourly earnings in the low earnings group was under $ 1 .8 0 ;
in the m iddle group $ 1 .8 0 to $ 2 .4 5 ; and in the high earnings group, $ 2 .4 5 o r
m o re . Ratios fo r establishm ents with expenditures in each group w ere tabulated
separately fo r each of the supplem entary p ra ctic e s.
The prop ortion o f w ork ers in establishm ents with expenditures fo r each
of the m a jo r supplements studied, except bonuses, w ere highest in establishm ents
with high average hourly earnings and low est in establishm ents in which earnings
averaged le ss than $ 1 .8 0 p er hour. Between 30 and 40 p ercen t of the w ork ers
in plants with bonus expenditures w ere em ployed by establishm ents at each ea rn ­
ings lev el, with the low est prop ortion being em ployed by plants with average
hourly earnings between $ 1 .8 0 to $ 2 .4 5 .
The le v e l of expenditure fo r each o f the m a jor p ra ctic e s studied, e x ­
cept fo r the lega lly required p rog ra m s, tended to be higher in each succeeding
earnings group. Expenditures for the lega lly required insurance p ro g ra m s, which
are predom inantly based on a ratio of each em p loy ee^ earnings up to a m a x i­
mum am ou n t,24 w ere higher as a p a y roll relative in plants with low er average
hourly earnings than in plants in the m iddle o r higher earnings groups. M easured
23

Except for the legally required insurance programs when measured as a payroll relative, and bonuses.
payments were generally inversely related to these characteristics.
24 Op. c i t . , footnote 14, p. 40.




71

Bonus

72
in cents, h ow ever, the expenditure ratios fo r the leg a lly required insurances w ere
p r o g r e s s iv e ly higher in each su cceedin gly higher earnings group.
Another e x ­
ception to the general pattern was found in one o f the private w elfa re plans.
Expenditures fo r vacation and holiday funds tended to be in v e rse ly related to
p a y roll— that is , plants in the low est earnings group had expenditures which w ere
equivalent to a g rea ter prop ortion o f p a y roll than in either o f the other groups;
establishm ents in the highest earnings group, how ever, had the greatest expendi­
tures m easu red either in cents p er hour paid fo r , o r in cents p er plant hour.
Am ong plants with expenditures fo r life , accident, and health insurance,
and plants with expenditures fo r pension and retirem en t plans, those in the low est
earnings group had the low est lev el o f expenditures and those in the highest a v ­
erage earnings group had the highest lev el o f expenditures. Am ong these plants,
pension expenditures w ere equal to a greater prop ortion o f p a y ro ll and amounted
to m o re p er hour than did expenditures fo r the in su ran ces.
The relative d if­
feren tia l in term s o f plant hour expenditures tended, h ow ever, to dim inish with
in cre a se s in average hourly earnings (table 40).
Establishm ents in the low est
earnings group had insurance payments which amounted to an average o f 3. 2 cents
p e r plant hour.
Pension expenditures in these establishm ents, at 4. 5 cents p er
plant hour, w ere 41 percen t greater than expenditures fo r the in su ran ces. In the
m iddle earnings group, pension expenditures w ere 28 p ercen t grea ter than in su r­
ance paym ents; and among plants in the highest average earnings group, expendi­
tures fo r pensions (1 1 .8 cents p er plant hour) w ere only 12 p ercen t grea ter than
expenditures fo r life , accident, and health insurance (10. 5 cents p er plant hour).
Leave expenditures o f plants making such payments indicated that those
in the low est earnings group paid fo r about 2 weeks o f leave tim e; plants in the
m iddle group paid fo r slightly under 3 w eeks; and plants in the highest average
hourly earnings group paid for slightly m o re than 3l/z weeks o f leave. In c o m ­
p arison , when all establishm ents with leave expenditures w ere grouped together
without regard to earnings ch a ra cte r istic s, leave payments as a relative of p a y­
r o ll w ere equivalent to about 3 weeks o f tim e. S im ilar d ifferen ces to those noted
above by earnings group w ere found fo r each type o f leave except m ilita ry , ju ry,
w itness, voting, and p erson a l leave— expenditures for this item represented the
sam e prop ortion o f p a y roll in each group, but su cceedin gly higher expenditures
p er hour in each higher earnings group.
Size o f Establishm ent
A ll m anufacturing establishm ents w ere grouped into three em ploym ent
size groups.
The sm a llest size cla ss included plants with few er than 100 em ­
p lo y e e s; the m iddle group included establishm ents with 100 to 500 em ployees; and
the la rg est size group included plants with 500 em ployees o r m o re (table 41).
The p rop ortion o f w ork ers in establishm ents with expenditures fo r each
o f the m a jo r supplem ents studied, except bonuses, w ere highest in plants with
500 em ployees o r m o re and low est in plants with few er than 100. About th reefourths o f the w ork ers in plants that paid bonuses during 1962 w ere em ployed by
establishm ents with few er than 500 em p loyees; alm ost all o f these w ere em ployed
by plants with few er than 250 em ployees and about half w ere em ployed by plants
with few er than 1 0 0 .25
In general, the level o f expenditures among plants with expenditures fo r
each o f the m a jor p ra ctice s studied, except bonuses and the lega lly required in ­
surance p ro g ra m s, tended to be higher in each su cceedin gly la rg e r size group.
2® A special analysis indicated that the bulk of the plants that paid bonuses during 1962 employed fewer than
250 workers.




73
The highest lev el o f bonus expenditures w ere found in the sm a llest and la rgest
size groups with plants em ploying few er than 100 having a higher level of e x ­
penditure than plants in the la rgest size group.
Expenditures fo r the legally required insurance p rog ra m s as a p a yroll
relative w ere in v e rse ly related to size of establishm ent— plants with few er than
100 had the highest, and those em ploying 500 o r m ore had the low est expenditure p a y ro ll ratio.
M easured in cents, how ever, the sm a llest s iz e plants had the
la rg est expenditures p er 1962 hour paid for and establishm ents with 500 em ployees
or m o re had the la rg est expenditure p er plant hour.
Expenditures fo r w orkm en’ s com pensation, among the lega lly required
insurance p rogra m s follow ed a somewhat different pattern than was found either
for the m a jo r group as a whole or for the other com ponents. Expenditures for
the other com ponents tended to d e cre a se as a p a y roll rela tive, and in crea se in
cents as establishm ent size in creased by group.
W orkm en’ s com pensation e x ­
penditures both as a p a y roll relative and in cents w ere highest in the sm all and
low est in the large plants.
The d ifferen ce between the relative expenditures p e r hour paid for and
p er plant hour is a function of paid leave tim e.
The expenditure ratio among
plants em ploying few er than 100 indicates that, on the a verage, these plants paid
for about 2 weeks o f leave; m iddle size plants paid fo r about 3 w eeks; and plants
with 500 em ployees o r m ore paid fo r an average o f alm ost 4 w eeks.
T here was an observable relationship between expenditure and size group
among plants with expenditures for private w elfare plans. The highest lev el o f
expenditure was found in plants with 500 em ployees o r m o re , and the low est level
was found in plants with few er than 100. Expenditures for pensions and fo r saving
and thrift plans, how ever, w ere low est in the m iddle size group.
The relationship between cents p er plant hour expenditures fo r the life,
accident, and health insurances and the pension and retirem en t plans, that was
found when establishm ents w ere grouped by average hourly earnings, was a lso
found when plants with expenditures w ere grouped by size. The differential e x ­
penditure fo r these two p ra ctices tended to dim inish, both absolutely and r e la ­
tively, as establishm ent size group in creased .
Establishm ents with few er than
100 em ployees had expenditures fo r the insurances which amounted to an average
o f 6 .0 cents p er plant hour. Pension expenditures in sm all plants, at 9. 4 cents
p e r plant hour, w ere 57 percent greater than expenditures fo r the insurances.
Am ong plants in the m iddle size group, pension expenditures w ere greater by
1.7 cents p er plant hour (o r 25 percent) than insurance paym ents; and among
plants in the la rg est size group, expenditures fo r pensions w ere greater by
1 .4 cents p er plant hour (o r 15 percent) than expenditures fo r life, accident,
and health in surance.
Union Status
M ore than th ree-fifth s o f the w ork ers em ployed by plants with expendi­
tures fo r each o f the m a jor supplements studied, except bonuses, worked fo r em ­
p loy ers that had co lle ctiv e ly bargained agreem ents coverin g all o r a m a jority of
their prod u ction w ork fo r c e .
A lm ost th ree-fifth s o f the w ork ers em ployed by
plants that paid bonuses during 1962 w ere not covered by such a greem en ts. 26
26

None or a minority of the production and related workers were covered by collectiv ely bargained agreements.




74
Union plants 27 tended to have a higher lev el o f expenditures fo r the sup­
plem ents studied, except bonuses and the leg a lly required insurance p rog ra m s,
than the nonunion establishm ents (table 42). Bonus payments w ere higher in non­
union plants; expenditures fo r the lega lly required insurances w ere higher in non­
union plants when m easured as a p a y roll relative but low er in these plants than in
the unionized plants when m easured in term s o f cents p e r 1962 hour paid fo r o r
p er plant hour.
Am ong the private w elfare plans, nonunion em ployers had higher levels
o f expenditures fo r pensions when such expenditures w ere com pared with p a y roll
than did those with union agreem ents.
M easured in cents, h ow ever, unionized
plants had the highest expenditure p er hour.
At the total private w elfare plan
lev el, union plants had expenditures p er hour paid fo r or p er plant hour that w ere
about tw ice those m ade by nonunion plants. In com p a rison with p a y roll, expendi­
tures o f union plants fo r private w elfa re plans w ere 50 percen t o r m o re greater
than those o f nonunion plants.
Plant L ocation
F ully 70 p ercen t o f the production w ork ers in plants with expenditures for
each o f the m a jo r supplements studied w ere em ployed by establishm ents located
in m etropolitan a reas o f the cou n try .28
F o r each o f the m a jor supplements studied, except bonuses and the
leg a lly requ ired p ro g ra m s, establishm ents in m etropolitan a reas had higher levels
o f expenditures than plants located in nonm etropolitan areas (table 43).
Em­
p lo y e r expenditures fo r bonuses and fo r the leg a lly required insurances w ere
higher as a p a y ro ll relative in nonm etropolitan a rea s; m easured in term s o f cents
p er hour paid fo r o r p er plant hour, expenditures o f em ployers located in m e tr o ­
politan areas exceeded those o f plants in nonm etropolitan a rea s.

27 A ll or a majority o f the production and related workers were covered by collectiv ely bargained agreements.
28 A metropolitan area is defined as an area which met the criteria used in establishing a Standard Metropolitan
Statistical Area as defined in Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas prepared by the U. S. Bureau of the Budget, O ffice
o f Statistical Standards, in 1961.




T able 40.

E m ployer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplementary Com pensation P r a c tice s fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers in M anufacturing Industry Establishm ents
With Expenditures fo r the P r a c tice , by Hourly Earnings Group, 1962
Em ployer expenditures in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p ra ctice
P ercen t of g r o s s p a yroll

P ercen t o f straigh t-tim e p a yroll

Supplem entary com pen sation p ra ctice

Cents per hour paid fo r

Cents per plant hour

H ourly earnings group 2
Low

Middle

High

Low

M iddle

High

Low

Middle

High

Paid le a v e ________________________________________
V a ca tio n ----------------------------------------------------------H oliday------------------------------------------------------------S ic k ------------------------------------------------------------------Other 3 -------------------------------------------------------------

3. 7
2. 3
1.8
.5
•1

5.
3.
2.
.
.

5
2
2
7
1

6 .9
4. 2
2. 4
1. 1
.1

3.8
2. 4
1.9
.5
.1

5.7
3. 3
2. 3
.7
.1

7.
4.
2.
r.
.

3
4
5
1
1

5. 7
3.6
2.8
.8
.1

11.7
6 .8
4 .8
1 .4
.2

20.8
12. 5
7. 2
3. 2
.3

P rem iu m paym en ts---------------------------------------------O vertim e, w eekend, and holiday w o rk --------Shift d iffe r e n t ia ls -------------------------------------------

3 .6
3. 4
.7

3.9
3. 3
1. 0

4 .8
3. 7
1 .4

3.8
3. 6
.8

4. 0
3. 4
1. 1

5. 1
3 .9
1. 5

5. 6
5. 3
1 .2

8. 3
7. 0
2. 2

14.6
11.0
4. 2

Low

M iddle

High

6. 0
3.8
3. 0
.8
.1

1 2 .4
7. 2
5. 1
1. 5
.2

22. 4
13. 5
7.8
3. 5
.4

5.8
5. 5
1. 2

8 .8
7. 4
2. 3

15. 7
11. 9
4 .6

Yearend, C h ristm a s, and other
irr e g u la r b o n u s e s ----------------------------------------- —

1.7

2. 1

2. 4

1.7

2. 2

2. 5

2. 6

4 .6

7. 1

2. 7

4.8

7. 7

L ega lly req u ired in surance p r o g r a m s -------------S ocial s e c u r ity ------------------------------------------------U nem ploym ent c o m p e n s a tio n -----------------------W orkm en 's c o m p e n s a t io n -----------------------------Other 4---------------------------------------------------------------

7. 1
3. 1
2.8
1. 1
.3

6. 5
2 .9
2. 5
1 .2
.4

5. 1
2. 4
1.8
.9
.3

7. 3
3. 2
2 .9
1. 2
.3

6 .8
3. 0
2. 6
1. 2
.4

5 .4
2. 5
1.9
.9
.3

10.8
4. 7
4. 4
1.7
.5

13.9
6. 2
5. 3
2. 5
.8

15. 4
7. 2
5. 5
2 .6
.9

11. 2
4 .9
4. 5
1.8
.5

14. 7
6. 6
5 .6
2.6
.8

16. 7
7.8
5.9
2 .9
.9

P rivate w e lfa re plans 5---------------------------------------L ife , accid en t, and health in su ran ce-----------P en sion and retirem en t p la n s ----------------------S everan ce o r d is m is s a l pay and
supplem ental unem ploym ent

3. 2
2 .0
2.7

4. 7
2 .7
3. 3

6 .8
3. 2
3.6

3. 3
2 .0
2.8

4 .9
2.8
3. 4

7. 1
3. 4
3.8

4 .9
3. 1
4. 3

10. 0
5. 7
7. 2

20. 4
9 .7
10.8

5. 1
3. 2
4. 5

10. 6
6 .0
7 .7

22. 1
10. 5
11.8

.5

.5

1 .0

.5

.5

1 .0

.7

1 .0

3. 0

.8

1. 1

3. 3

1 D etail by p r a c tic e does not add to total because o f a change in the base used in com puting each o f the com ponents.
2 The establishm ents w e re divided, by average hourly earnings o f production and rela ted w ork ers in each establishm ent, into 3 groups; each group contained approxim ately on e-third
of the establish m en ts.
The low est average hourly earnings group included establishm ents in which the average hourly earnings w ere under $ 1 .8 0 , the averages in the middle third w ere
$ 1 .8 0 and under $ 2 .4 5 , and earnings in the highest group w ere $ 2 .4 5 o r m o re .
3 Includes m ilita ry , ju ry , w itness, voting, and personal leave.
4 P rin cip a lly State te m p o ra ry disability insurance.
5 Includes vacation and holiday funds; and savings and thrift plans not presented separately.




<1
0 1

T able 41.

<1
Os

E m ployer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplementary Com pensation P r a c tice s fo r P rodu ction and R elated W orkers in M anufacturing Industry Establishm ents
With Expenditures fo r the P r a c tice , by Establishm ent Size Group, 1962
Em ployer expenditures in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p r a c t ic e 1
P ercen t o f g ro s s payroll

Cents per plant hour

Cents per hour paid fo r

P e rce n t of s tra igh t-tim e p a yroll

Supplem entary com pen sation p r a c tic e

Size group
Under 100
100-499
em ployees em ployees

-------5TJT5
-------503-----Under 100
100-499
em ployees
em ployees
em ployees em ployees
o r m ore
o r m ore

Under 100
100-499
em ployees em ployees

5U5
em ployees
o r m ore

Under 100
em ployees

100-499
em ployees

em ployees
o r m ore

Paid leave
V ac ation ———— ——— — —— — ———— ——---- -H oliday ——------------------------------------—------— ——
Sick — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
O ther 1
2--------------------------------------------------------------

4 .6
2. 7
2. 0
.7
.2

5. 7
3 .4
2. 2
.7
-1

7. 1
4. 3
2 .4
1.1
.1

4 .8
2.8
2. 1
.7
.2

5 .9
3. 5
2. 3
.7
.1

7. 4
4. 5
2 .6
1. 2
.1

10. 3
6. 1
4 .6
1 .7
.4

12.8
7 .6
5. 1
1.8
.3

1 9.2
11.7
6 .8
3. 2
.3

10.8
6 .4
4 .8
1.8
.4

13.6
8. 1
5. 5
1.9
.3

20. 7
12.6
7. 3
3 .5
.3

P rem iu m paym ents-------------------------------------------—
O vertim e, weekend, and holiday w o r k ------Shift d iffe r e n t ia ls -------------------------------------------

3.9
3. 7
1 .0

4. 0
3 .4
.9

4 .9
3.6
1. 5

4. 1
3 .8
1. 1

4. 1
3. 5
1. 0

5. 2
3 .8
1. 5

8 .7
8. 2
2. 6

9 .0
7 .6
2. 3

1 3 .4
9 .7
4. 1

9. 1
8 .6
2. 7

9 .5
8. 1
2. 5

14. 5
10. 5
4. 4

Y earen d, C h ristm a s, and other
ir r e g u la r b on u ses---------------------------------------------

2 .6

1.9

2.1

2. 7

1.9

2. 2

5 .7

3.9

5. 3

6. 0

4. 1

5. 7

14.8
6. 2
5. 4
3. 3
.7

14. 7
6. 5
5. 3
2.8
.9

14.9
7. 3
5. 6
1.9
.9

L eg a lly req u ired insu ran ce p r o g r a m s ------------S ocia l s ecu rity —— — — — — — — ———— —
U nem ploym ent c o m p e n s a tio n -----------------------W ork m en 's com p en sa tion -----------------------------Other 3 -------------------------------------------------------------

6.
2.
2.
1.
.

5
7
4
5
3

6. 2
2. 7
2. 3
1.2
.3

5.1
2 .5
1.9
.6
.3

6 .8
2.8
2. 5
1.5
.3

6. 5
2 .9
2. 4
1 .2
.4

5 .4
2 .6
2. 0
.7
.3

14. 2
5 .9
5. 2
3. 2
.7

13.8
6 .1
5. 0
2 .6
.8

13.8
6 .8
5. 2
1.8
.8

P rivate w elfa re plans 4--------------------------------------L ife , accid en t, and health in su ra n ce ----------P en sion and retirem en t p la n s ---------------------Severan ce o r d is m is s a l pay and
supplem ental unem ploym ent

3.9
2. 5
3.6

5. 1
2.8
3. 3

7.0
3 .2
3.6

4. 0
2 .6
3. 7

5. 3
2 .9
3. 4

7. 4
3 .4
3 .8

8 .8
5. 7
8 .8

11.6
6. 3
7 .9

19.2
8. 7
10. 0

9 .2
6. 0
9 .4

12. 3
6. 7
8 .4

20. 6
9 .4
10.8

.5
1 .0

.9
.8

.9
1. 3

.5
1. 0

1. 0
.9

1. 0
1. 3

1. 1
2. 5

2. 5
2. 1

2.9
3. 5

1. 2
2. 7

2.7
2. 3

3. 1
3 .9

Savings and thrift p la n s ---------------------------------

1
2
3
4

D etail by p r a c tic e does not add to total because of a change in the base used in com puting each o f the com ponents.
Includes m ilita ry , ju ry , w itn ess, voting, and person al leave.
P rin cip a lly State te m p o ra ry disa b ility insurance.
Includes vacation and holiday funds not presented separately.




T able 42.

E m ployer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplem entary Com pensation P r a c tice s fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers in M anufacturing Industry Establishm ents
With Expenditures fo r the P r a c tice , by Union Status, 1962
E m ployer expenditures in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p r a c tic e 1

Supplem entary com pensation p ra ctice

P ercen t of g r o s s pa y ro ll

P e rce n t o f straigh t-tim e p a y ro ll

Cents p e r hour paid for

Cents per plant hour

None o r
m in ority
co v e re d

M ajority
covered

. 1

4. 9
2 .9
2. 1
.0
. 1

18. 0
11.0
6 .4
2. 5
.3

9 .9
5. 8
4. 3
2 .4
.3

19.4
11.8
6 .9
2. 7
.3

10. 4
6. 0
4. 6
2. 5
.4

4. 8
3. 6
1.4

4. 3
3 .9
. 1

12. 3
9 .3
3 .8

8. 6
7. 7
2. 3

10. 0

13. 2

9 .0
8. 0
2 .4

M ajority
covered

None o r
m in ority
co ve re d

M ajority
co vered

Paid leave ----------------------------------------------------------V a ca tio n --------------------------------------------------------H oliday-----------------------------------------------------------S ic k ----------------------------------------------------------------O th er2 ....................................................................

6. 8
4. 1
2 .4
.9
.1

4. 8
2. 8
2. 0

7. 1
4. 3
2. 5

.1

P rem iu m p aym en ts--------------------------------------------O vertim e, weekend, and holiday w ork ------—
Shift d iffe r e n t ia ls ------------------------------------------

4. 6
3.5
1.4

4. 1
3. 7

Y earen d, C h ristm a s, and other irre g u la r
b o n u s e s ----------------------------------— -----------------------

1.4

2. 8

1. 5

2 .9

3. 6

5 .9

3. 8

6. 1

L ega lly req u ired in surance p r o g r a m s ------------S ocia l s e c u r it y ------- --------------------------------------U nem ploym ent co m p e n s a tio n -------- ---- --------W orkm en 's com pen sation — -------------------- ----O th er3 ------------------------------------------------------------

5.5
2 .5
2. 1
.9
.3

6 :2
2. 8
2 .2
1. 2
.4

5.
2.
2.
1.
.

8
7
2
0
3

6. 4
2 .9
2. 3
1. 2
.4

14. 7
6. 8
5. 5
2 .4
.7

12. 7
5. 7
4. 6
2 .4
.9

15. 8
7. 3
5 .9
2. 6
.8

13. 2
5 .9
4. 8
2. 5
.9

P riva te w e lfa re plans 4 ------------- -----------------------L ife, a ccid en t, and health in su ran ce---------P en sion and retirem en t p la n s ---------------------S everan ce o r d is m is s a l pay and
supplem ental unem ploym ent ben efits-------Savings and thrift p la n s --------------------------------

6.5
3. 2
3 .4

4. 2
2. 2
3 .9

6. 8
3 .4
3. 6

4 .4
2. 3
4. 1

17. 5
8. 7
9 .4

8. 8
4. 6
8. 7

18. 8
9 .3
10. 1

9. 2
4 .9
9. 3

1.0
1.2

.4
1. 1

1. 0
1. 3

.4
1. 2

2 .9
3. 5

1. 1
2. 6

3. 2
3. 8

1. 1
2. 8

1.0

1.0

1.0

1

1

None o r
m in ority
covered

M a jority
covered

4. 1

None o r
m in ority
covered

D etail by p r a c tic e does not add to total because o f a change in the base used in com puting each o f the com ponents.
Includes m ilita ry , ju r y , w itness, voting, and personal leave.
3 P r in c ip a lly State te m p o ra ry disability insurance.
4 Includes vacation and holiday funds not presented separately.




<
<1
1

Table 43.

-4

E m ployer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplementary C om pensation P r a c tice s fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers in M anufacturing Industry Establishm ents
With Expenditures fo r the P r a c tice , by M etropolitan and N onm etropolitan A r e a Location, 1962

CO

E m ployer expenditures in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p r a c t ic e 1
Supplem entary com pensation p r a c tic e

P ercen t o f g ro ss payroll

P e rce n t o f stra igh t-tim e p a y ro ll

Cents p e r hour paid for

Cents per plant hour

M etropolitan
areas

N onm etropolitan
areas

M etropolitan
areas

N onm etropolitan
areas

M etropolitan
areas

Paid le a v e ------------------------------------------------------- ----V a ca tio n -------------------------------------------------- — —
H oliday------------------------------------------------------------S i c k .............
............
O th e r 2 .............................................................. ......-

6 .4
3 .8
2 .4
1.0

5.4
3.3
2.1
.8
.1

6. 7
4. 0
2. 5
1.0
. 1

5. 6
3 .5
2. 2
.8
i

16.4
9 .8
6. 1
2. 6
.3

11. 6
7. 2
4. 7
2 .0
.2

17. 5
10.5
6. 5
2. 8
.3

P rem iu m paym ents— ---------------- ------------------------O vertim e, w eekend, and holiday w o rk -------Shift differen tia ls ------ ---------------------- —

4 .5
3.5
1.3

4 .4
3.7
1.1

4. 7
3. 7
1 .4

4. 6
3. 9
1. 1

11. 6
9. 0
3. 7

9. 4
7. 9
2. 6

12. 4
9. 7
4. 0

N onm etropolitan
areas

M etropolitan
areas

N onm etropolitan
areas

12.
7.
5.
2.
.

2
6
0
1
3

9. 9
8. 4
2. 8

Y earen d, C h ristm as, and other irr e g u la r
b o n u s e s ----------------- ---------------------------------------

2. 1

2.4

2. 2

2. 5

4 .9

4. 8

L ega lly requ ired insu ran ce p r o g r a m s ------------S ocia l s e c u r ity -----------------------------------------------U nem ploym ent c o m p e n s a tio n -----------------------W orkm en's com pen sation --------------------------O th e r 3 ------------------------------------------------------------

5. 6
2. 6
2. 1
.9
.3

6.1
2.8
2.2
1.2
.3

5 .9
2. 7
2. 2
1. 0
.3

6 .4
2 .9
2. 3
1.2
.3

14.3
6 .6
5 .4
2. 3
.8

13.0
5 .9
4. 6
2. 5
.8

15.
7.
5.
2.
.

P riv a te w elfa re plans 4 --------------------------------------L ife, a ccid en t, and health in s u r a n c e ---------P en sion and retirem en t p la n s ---------------------Severan ce o r d is m is s a l pay and
supplem ental unem ploym ent b e n e fits-------Savings and thrift p la n s ---------------------------------

6. 1
3.0
3 .5

5 .2
2.7
3.5

6. 4
3. 2
3. 7

5 .4
2. 8
3. 6

15. 8
7. 9
9. 6

11.4
5. 9
8. 4

16. 9
8. 4
10. 3

12. 0
6. 3
8. 9

1.0
1. 1

.8
1.5

1. 0
1. 2

.8
1. 6

2. 8
3. 2

2. 2
3. 8

3. 1
3 .4

2. 4
4. 1

*
2
3
4

D etail by p r a c t ic e does not add to total because o f a change in the base used in com puting each o f the com ponents.
Includes m ilita ry , ju ry , w itn ess, voting, and p erson al leave.
P r in c ip a lly State tem p o ra ry d isa b ility insurance.
Includes vacation and holiday funds not presented separately.




5. 2
3
0
8
5
8

5. 1
13.
6.
4.
2.
.

7
2
8
7
8

Chapter 8.

1959 and 1962 Comparisons

Introduction
The structure of em ployer expenditures fo r the selected supplem entary
com pensation p ra ctice s fo r production and related w ork ers in all manufacturing
during 1962 was con sid erab ly different fro m 1959.
(See chart 7 and table 4 4 .)
In 1959, those supplements which com p rised part of p a yroll (leave, prem ium s,
and bonuses) accounted fo r m ore than half the expenditures.
In 1962, m ore
than half of the expenditures w ere fo r lega lly requ ired insurance progra m s and
private w elfare plans that provided fa ctory w ork ers in the manufacturing indus­
trie s with life, health, and accident insurance, private pensions, so cia l secu rity,
and unemployment benefits, among other benefits.
In the paper, printing, rubber, m achinery, and instrum ents industries,
how ever, payments to w ork ers fo r leave, prem iu m s, and bonuses com bined e x ­
ceeded em p loyer expenditures fo r the total funded and insured item s during both
1962 and 1959 (table 45).
In 1959, em ployer payments to w ork ers fo r leave,
p rem iu m s, and bonuses, in eight other industry groups, fo r which com parative
data are available, *30 exceeded expenditures fo r the lega lly requ ired insurance
p rogram s and private w elfare plans; and in four additional industry groups w ere
low er than payments to sp ecia l funds and insurance com panies.
E m ployers in
these 12 industry groups had expenditures in 1962 fo r the lega lly requ ired in su r­
ance p rog ram s and private w elfare plans com bined which, on the average, e x ­
ceeded their payments fo r leave, prem ium s, and bonuses com bined.
Some of the structural changes w ere m ore lik ely indicative of the ch oices
available to w ork ers and em ployers during the p eriod , than of a trend; other
changes resulted fr o m the action of a host of va ria b les— such as a change in the
establishm ent size com position of the m anufacturing industries; lib era liza tion of
health and w elfare p rog ra m s, p a rticu la rly the life , health, and accident in su r­
an ces; and mandated in crea ses in the contribution rates fo r the lega lly required
in su ran ces. In addition, changes in the le n g th -o f-s e r v ic e distribution o f w o rk e rs;
different w ork scheduling; in crea sed average annual hours of fa ctory w o rk e rs;
higher average straigh t-tim e earnings; greatly reduced number o f m an-days lost
due to industrial con trov ersy ; as w ell as many other variables played their part
in producing expenditures which w ere a different prop ortion of p a yroll in 1962
than in 1959. 31

2<? The 1959 private welfare plan expenditure data for all establishments presented in BLS Bulletin 1308, op. c i t . ,
footnote 3, included bonus payments. In 1962, bonuses were treated as direct payments to the workers. T o achieve
comparability in the data for the two periods, the 1959 bonus ratios were subtracted from the published statistics for
total private welfare plans. However, the data for only those establishments with expenditures were not susceptible to
such treatment, as the base had been changed for each computation. T o achieve com parability in this series, the 1962
private welfare expenditures in establishments with the practice were tabulated both including and excluding bonus pay­
ments. A ll data, in this section, exclude bonuses unless otherwise noted.
30 Excluded from these and subsequent year-to-year comparisons are the ordnance and accessories, chemicals and
allied products, petroleum refining and related products, and electrical machinery equipment and allied industries. Data
for these industries for either or both 1959 and 1962 did not meet publication criteria.
31 For detail, see BLS Summary Releases, Wage Developments in Manufacturing. 1960, 1961, and 1962; BLS
Bulletin 1312-1, op. cit. , footnote 2, p. 1 ; and Analysis of Work Stoppages. 1959 and 1962 (BLS Bulletins 1278 (1960)
and 1381 (1963), respectively).
Also see, the Monthly Report on the Labor Force, January 1964, table A -1 0; and
"Labor Force and Employment, 1960-62, " Monthly Labor Review , May 1963, pp. 497-503.




79

80

Chart 7. Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary
Compensation Practices, Manufacturing Industries,
1959 and 1962
Production and Related Workers
Percent
straight-time
12

8

of
payroll
4

0

Direct p aym e n ts
to w o r k e r s

Paid

leave

Prem ium s

Bonuses

12

8




4

0

0

5

P a y m e n t s fo r social an d
private

welfare

Legally
insurance

Private

plans

required
programs

welfare

1962

plans

E Z Z 3 I959

10

15

2 0

2 5

30

81
Expenditures per plant hour fo r the selected supplements ro se in all of
the industries fo r which data w ere available in both 1962 and 1959.
The la rgest
in cre a se , o v er 16 cents, was in tob a cco manufactures (m ore than 50 p ercen t), and
the sm allest in cre a se s w ere about 5 cents (or le s s than 20 percent) in the apparel
and other finished textile products and te x tile -m ill products in du stries. Among
the industries fo r which data could be published, those with the highest cents per
plant hour expenditures in 1962, p rim a ry m etal and transportation equipment,
in cre a se d expenditures by about 10 and 15 cents, resp ectiv ely , ov er 1959 (or
about 15 and 24 p ercen t).
When selected establishm ent ch a ra cte ristics w ere m easured among all
manufacturing plants (each ch a ra cte ristic being exam ined separately), the la rgest
relative in cre a se s in cents per plant hour w ere found in unionized establishm ents;
in plants loca ted in nonm etropolitan a rea s; in establishm ents em ploying between
100 and 500 w o rk e rs; and in plants w hose average hourly production w ork er ea rn ­
ings w ere among the low est third of all manufacturing establishm ents.
Among
the reg ion s, the greatest percentage in crea se in em ployer expenditures was found
in the South; the sm allest proportionate in crea se was found in the N ortheast.
In 1962 as in 1959, how ever, expenditures per plant hour w ere highest
in unionized plants; in plants loca ted in m etropolitan a rea s; in establishm ents e m ­
ploying 500 w ork ers o r m ore; and in plants whose average hourly production
w ork er earnings w ere in the highest third of the establishm ent earnings d istrib u ­
tion.
In both y ea rs, plants in the North Central region had the highest, and
those in the South the low est, le v e l of expenditures p er plant hour.
Between the two p eriod s, the greatest relative in crea se in c e n ts -p e r plant-hour expenditures, 3 8 .3 percen t, o cc u rre d among the lega lly required in ­
surance p ro g ra m s, 32 and the next la rg est in crea se, 18.8 percent, was fo r private
w elfare plans.
Paym ents fo r overtim e, weekend, holiday, and shift prem ium s
in cre a se d least— 4. 9 percen t; leave payments ro se by 7. 7 percen t. As a relative
of stra igh t-tim e p a yroll, how ever, em ployer payments fo r leave and prem ium s
declin ed while expenditures fo r bonuses, lega lly requ ired insurance p rogram s,
and private w elfa re plans in crea sed .
Paid Leave
In all m anufacturing, em ployer expenditures fo r paid leave w ere a slightly
low er p rop ortion of straigh t-tim e p a y roll in 1962, 6. 2 percent, than in 1959,
6. 3 percen t. L eave expenditures, as a p a yroll rela tive, w ere higher in the West
and low er in the North Central region during 1962 than in 1959, and w ere the
sam e fo r both p eriod s in the other two region s.
In term s of cents per plant
hour, h ow ever, expenditures ro se in all m anufacturing, by region, and in each
of the industry groups fo r which 1962 and 1959 data w ere available.
In 1962, em ployer payments fo r vacations and holidays w ere substantially
the sam e ratio of p a yroll, 5. 9 percent, as in 1959 (table 44).
Paym ents fo r
sick , m ilita ry , ju ry, w itness, voting, and person al leave, how ever, w ere a slightly
la rg e r part of the straigh t-tim e p a y roll of production w ork ers in 1962 than in 1959.
By industry, expenditures fo r leave as a percent of straight-tim e pay­
r o ll w ere the sam e in 1962 as in 1959 in the leather and leather products group;
higher in the food; to b a cco ; textile; lum ber; furniture; paper; printing; rubber;
32
The greatest increase, 50 percent—from 1 .2 to 1.8 cents per plant hour, was actually noted in expenditures
for nonproduction bonuses. For detail, see footnote 4, p. 1.




82

Chart 8. Percent Change in Employer Expenditures
Per Plant Hour (or Selected Supplementary Compensation
Practices, Manufacturing Industries, 1959-62
Production and Related Workers

Percent
0

change

10

in e x p e n d itu r e s

20

30

4 0

----------------- 1----- ------------ 1--------- -------- 1-----------------

Legally

required

insurance

Private

All

p r o g r a m s ------

welfare

p l a n s __

selected

..

supplements

-

Paid

leave

Prem ium s

-^In clu de s




yearend.

Christm as,

and

other

irregular

bonuses.

83
s to n e , c l a y , and g l a s s ; f a b r i c a t e d m e t a l; and in s tr u m e n t in d u s t r ie s ; and l o w e r in
th e a p p a r e l; p r i m a r y m e t a l; m a c h in e r y ; t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t; and m i s c e l ­
la n e o u s m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s .
A t th e a ll m a n u fa c tu r in g l e v e l , th e d o w n w a r d m o v e m e n t in e x p e n d itu r e s
f o r p a id le a v e a s a p a y r o l l r e la t iv e m a y b e e x p la in e d by th e ch a n g e in th e c o n ­
tr ib u t io n to th e t o t a l b y e s t a b lis h m e n t s o f d if fe r e n t s i z e s .
B e tw e e n 1959 and
1962, t h e r e w a s a d e c lin e in p r o d u c t io n e m p lo y m e n t in th e l a r g e s t s iz e e s t a b ­
lis h m e n t s (th o s e w ith 500 e m p lo y e e s o r m o r e ) ; c o n c u r r e n t ly , e m p lo y m e n t in th e
s m a l le r u n its i n c r e a s e d — w ith th e l a r g e s t i n c r e a s e b e in g in the s m a l le s t s iz e
u n its ( fe w e r th a n 1 0 0 ). 33 L e a v e e x p e n d itu r e s r e la t iv e to p a y r o ll i n c r e a s e d in th e
l a r g e s t and m id d le s iz e u n its but d e c r e a s e d in th e s m a l le s t s iz e p la n ts (ta b le 4 7 ).
S i m il a r ly , th e e x p e n d itu r e r a t io in e s t a b lis h m e n t s in w h ich th e a v e r a g e h o u r ly
e a r n in g s o f p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s w e r e at th e m id d le and u p p e r en d o f th e e a r n in g s
d is t r ib u t io n i n c r e a s e d ; th o s e e s t a b lis h m e n t s at th e b o t t o m o f th e w a g e s p e c t r u m
had e x p e n d itu r e s in 1962 w h ic h w e r e th e s a m e p r o p o r t i o n o f s t r a ig h t - t i m e p a y ­
r o l l a s in 1 95 9.
T h e s m a l l e r p la n ts c o n t r ib u t e d a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f th e t o t a l in 1962
th an e a r l i e r , w h ic h m o r e th an o f f s e t th e i n c r e a s e s in e x p e n d itu r e s r e l a t iv e to
p a y r o ll th at o c c u r r e d in p la n ts w ith 100 w o r k e r s o r m o r e , and th e e x p e n d itu r e s
in lo w w a g e p la n ts , b e in g a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f th e t o t a l in 1962 th a n in 1959,
m o r e th a n c o u n t e r b a la n c e d th e le a v e p a y m e n ts in p la n ts at th e m id d le and u p p e r
end o f th e w a g e p ic t u r e .
E x p e n d itu r e s f o r p a id le a v e in th e p r i m a r y m e t a l in d u s t r ie s , w h ic h h ad
th e g r e a t e s t d e c lin e in le a v e p a y m e n ts as a r a t io o f s t r a ig h t -t i m e p a y r o ll , d r o p p e d
p a r t ly as a r e s u lt o f i n c r e a s e d c o n t r ib u t io n s o f s m a l le r p la n ts , but a ls o as a r e ­
su lt o f a c h a n g e in th e d is t r ib u t io n o f e a r n in g s and d e c lin in g e m p lo y m e n t .
In
1959, d u r in g th e p e r i o d u s u a lly u s e d as the b a s e f o r p u r p o s e s o f c o m p u tin g v a ­
c a t io n p a y , th e a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e a b o v e th e a nn u al a v e r a g e ; in 1962,
b a s e p e r i o d a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e b e lo w th e a nn u al a v e r a g e , 34 h e n c e
th e e x p e n d itu r e f o r v a c a t io n in 1962 r e p r e s e n t e d a s m a l l e r p o r t io n o f t o ta l p a y ­
r o l l th an in 1 95 9.
In a d d itio n , d u r in g 1962, p r o d u c t io n e m p lo y m e n t d r o p p e d
m a r k e d ly d u r in g th e la t t e r p a r t o f th e y e a r .
F o llo w in g th e p a tte r n in th is i n ­
d u s tr y g r o u p , as in o t h e r h ig h ly u n io n iz e d g r o u p s , th e f i r s t w o r k e r s to b e s e p a ­
r a te d w e r e p r o b a b ly t h o s e w ith th e lo w e s t s e n io r it y a n d , t h e r e f o r e , at o r n e a r th e
b o tto m o f t h e ir r e s p e c t i v e wra g e b r a c k e t s .
T h e s e la id - o ff w o r k e r s m is s e d one
p a id h o lid a y o r m o r e , as in d ic a t e d b y a l o w e r p r o p o r t i o n o f h o lid a y le a v e t im e
(c h . 9 ), and t h e ir a b s e n c e f r o m th e p a y r o ll f o r t h e s e h o lid a y s m o v e d th e in d u s ­
t r y 's e x p e n d itu r e r a t io f o r h o lid a y s d o w n w a r d f r o m 2. 5 t o 2. 4 p e r c e n t o f s t r a ig h t t im e p a y r o l l (ta b le 5 0 ).
In b o th y e a r s , m a n u fa c tu r in g p la n ts w ith e x p e n d itu r e s f o r o n e o r m o r e
ty p e s o f p a id le a v e e m p lo y e d a bou t 96 p e r c e n t o f th e p r o d u c t io n and r e la t e d
w orkers.
M o s t w o r k e r s in 1962, as in 1959, w e r e e m p lo y e d b y p la n ts th at p a id
f o r v a c a t io n s (9 4 p e r c e n t ) , o r h o lid a y s (89 p e r c e n t ) .
A s m a l le r p r o p o r t i o n o f
the w o r k f o r c e in 1962 th an in 1959, h o w e v e r , w a s e m p lo y e d b y m a n u fa c t u r e r s
that had e x p e n d itu r e s f o r m i li t a r y , w it n e s s , v o tin g , o r p e r s o n a l le a v e (38 p e r c e n t
in 1 96 2; 44 p e r c e n t in 1 9 5 9 ), w h ile a s lig h t ly l a r g e r g r o u p w o r k e d in p la n ts that
m a d e s ic k le a v e p a y m e n ts (2 4 p e r c e n t in 1 96 2; 23 p e r c e n t in 1 9 5 9 ).

^ County Business Patterns, U. S. Summary, First Quarter, 1962 and 1959, U. S. Bureau o f the Census.
34 Many o f the primary metal industry plants, according to data available in the Bureau's contract file, base
the workers' vacation payments on his average hourly earnings (excluding irregular bonuses) in a previous period.
Many
agreements provide that the base earnings period is that im mediately prior to the vacation period.
For purposes o f this
discussion, the usual base period was assumed to be in the first half o f the calendar year. See BLS Bulletin 1312-1,
op. cit. , footnote 2, for average earnings data.




84
O n th e a v e r a g e , th e s a m e p r o p o r t i o n o f s t r a ig h t -t im e p a y r o ll in e s t a b ­
lis h m e n t s th at p a id f o r on e o r m o r e ty p e s o f le a v e w a s e x p e n d e d in b o th p e r i o d s .
A t th e a ll m a n u fa c tu r in g l e v e l, e x p e n d itu r e s f o r e a c h ty p e o f le a v e a s a p a y r o ll
r e la t iv e a ls o c o m p r i s e d th e s a m e p r o p o r t i o n o f p a y r o ll in 1962 a s fo u n d a m o n g
p la n ts w ith e x p e n d itu r e s in 1 95 9.
In t e r m s o f c e n ts p e r p la n t h o u r , h o w e v e r ,
p a y m e n ts f o r e a c h ty p e o f le a v e i n c r e a s e d ; w ith th e a g g r e g a t e 1962 le a v e e x p e n d i­
tu r e p e r p la n t h o u r b e in g 7. 7 p e r c e n t g r e a t e r th an in 195 9.
T h e d is t r ib u t io n o f le a v e e x p e n d itu r e s as a p a y r o l l r e l a t iv e w a s q u ite
c o m p a r a b le f o r b o th y e a r s . 35 In t e r m s o f c e n t s , h o w e v e r , t h e r e w a s c o n s i d e r a b le
d i f f e r e n c e in th e d is t r ib u t io n s .
In 1 96 2, a b ou t 25 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s w e r e
e m p lo y e d b y p la n ts w ith e x p e n d itu r e s o f 20 c e n t s o r m o r e p e r h o u r p a id f o r ; in
1 95 9, a b ou t 20 p e r c e n t w o r k e d f o r p la n ts w ith e x p e n d itu r e s o f th is m a g n itu d e .
T h e d i f f e r e n c e in th e p r o p o r t io n s (39 p e r c e n t in 1962, 42 p e r c e n t in 1 9 5 9 ), r e ­
s u lte d f r o m an u p w a rd m o v e m e n t o f w o r k e r s in p la n ts w ith e x p e n d itu r e s o f 10 to
20 c e n ts p e r h o u r p a id f o r .
P r e m iu m

P a y m e n ts

E m p lo y e r e x p e n d itu r e s f o r o v e r t im e , w e e k e n d , h o lid a y , and s h ift w o r k
p r e m iu m s , in th e N a tio n 1s m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s and in e a c h o f th e r e g io n s ,
e x c e p t th e N o rth C e n t r a l, w e r e l o w e r a s a p e r c e n t o f s t r a ig h t - t i m e p a y r o ll ,
d u r in g 1962 ( 4 .4 ) th a n in 1959 (4 . 5 ).
In th e N o r th C e n t r a l r e g io n , h o w e v e r , a
s m a ll i n c r e a s e in p r e m iu m p a y m e n ts r e la t iv e to p a y r o l l w a s n o te d .
M easu red
in t e r m s o f c e n t s p e r p la n t h o u r , h o w e v e r , e x p e n d itu r e s r o s e in a ll r e g io n s e x ­
c e p t th e N o r th e a s t w h e r e p a y m e n ts in b o th y e a r s w e r e 9 .8 c e n t s .
P r e m iu m p a y m e n ts w e r e a s m a l l e r p r o p o r t i o n o f s t r a ig h t - t i m e p a y r o ll
in 1962 in a ll o f th e in d u s tr y g r o u p s f o r w h ic h 1959 d a ta w e r e a v a ila b le , e x c e p t
f o u r . P r e m iu m s in th e t o b a c c o , lu m b e r , le a t h e r , and t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t i n ­
d u s t r ie s w e r e a g r e a t e r p a r t o f s t r a ig h t -t i m e p r o d u c t io n p a y r o ll in 1962 th an 195 9.
P r e m i u m p a y m e n ts p e r p la n t h o u r w e r e h ig h e r d u r in g 1962 th an 1959
in t h e s e f o u r in d u s tr y g r o u p s and in th e t e x t il e ; p a p e r ; r u b b e r ; and s to n e , c la y ,
and g la s s in d u s t r i e s .
T h e 1962 p la n t -h o u r e x p e n d it u r e s f o r p r e m iu m s in a ll o f
th e o t h e r in d u s tr y g r o u p s f o r w h ic h y e a r - t o - y e a r d a ta w e r e a v a ila b le w e r e e ith e r
th e s a m e a s in 1959 o r b e lo w th e 1959 l e v e l .
W h en s e l e c t e d e s ta b lis h m e n t c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s w e r e m e a s u r e d s e p a r a t e ly ,
p r e m iu m p a y m e n ts a s a p e r c e n t o f p a y r o ll w e r e l o w e r in 1962 th a n in 1959 a m o n g
p la n ts in th e lo w and m id d le e a r n in g s g r o u p s ; in p la n ts w ith f e w e r th an 500 e m ­
p lo y e e s ; in n o n u n ion p la n ts ; and in p la n ts lo c a t e d in b o th m e t r o p o lit a n and n o n ­
m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s (ta b le s 4 6 - 4 9 ).
M e a s u r e d in c e n ts p e r p la n t h o u r , p r e m iu m
e x p e n d itu r e s in 1962 w e r e h ig h e r th an in 1959 a m o n g p la n ts in a ll t h r e e e a r n in g s
g r o u p s ; in p la n ts w ith 100 w o r k e r s o r m o r e ; in p la n ts w ith a m a jo r i t y o f the
w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y c o l l e c t i v e l y b a r g a in e d a g r e e m e n t s ; and in p la n ts lo c a t e d in
b o th m e t r o p o lit a n and n o n m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s . P r e m iu m p a y m e n ts in b o th y e a r s ,
h o w e v e r , w e r e at th e h ig h e s t l e v e l in p la n ts w ith 500 e m p lo y e e s o r m o r e ; in
p la n ts w h e r e th e p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e a m o n g th e
to p t h ir d o f th e w a g e d is t r ib u t io n ; and in p la n ts w h e r e th e m a jo r i t y o f th e p r o d u c ­
t io n f o r c e w a s c o v e r e d b y c o l l e c t i v e l y b a r g a in e d a g r e e m e n t s .

35 The distributions compared here and in subsequent sections of this chapter are in terms of expenditures as a
percent o f gross payroll, and cents per hour paid for. At the all manufacturing level, the distributions of workers by
employer expenditures as a percent of straight-time payroll, or in cents per plant hour would, it is believed, have the
same configuration at higher levels as the distributions described, this analysis is not pursued here, but for precise data
about the 1962 distributions, see the appropriate chapter in this bulletin; for 1959 distributions, see BLS Bulletin 1308,
op. c i t . , footnote 3.




85

A p p r o x im a t e ly th e s a m e p r o p o r t i o n o f th e p r o d u c t io n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s
in th e m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s (93 p e r c e n t ) w e r e e m p lo y e d d u r in g b o th y e a r s b y
p la n ts that had e x p e n d itu r e s f o r o v e r t im e , w e e k e n d , h o lid a y , o r s h ift p r e m i u m s .
E x p e n d itu r e s f o r p r e m iu m s in s u c h p la n ts a m o u n te d to 4. 7 p e r c e n t o f th e s t r a ig h t t im e p a y r o ll s in b o th 1962 and 1959 but w e r e 5 p e r c e n t h ig h e r in 1962 th a n in
1959 w h e n m e a s u r e d in t e r m s o f c e n ts p e r p la n t h o u r ( 1 1 .6 c e n ts in 1 96 2; 11 c e n ts
in 1 9 5 9 ).
In 1962, e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith e x p e n d itu r e s f o r p r e m iu m s b e lo w th e a v ­
e r a g e w h en m e a s u r e d a s a p e r c e n t o f p a y r o ll , and e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith e x p e n d i­
t u r e s at b o th en d s o f th e c e n t s - p e r - h o u r d is t r ib u t io n e m p lo y e d a g r e a t e r p r o p o r ­
t io n o f th e p r o d u c t io n f o r c e th a n in 1 95 9.
T h e e n tir e d r o p in p r e m iu m e x p e n d it u r e s , at th e a ll-m a n u fa c t u r in g a l l ­
e s t a b lis h m e n t l e v e l , is e s t im a t e d to h a v e b e e n in o v e r t im e , w e e k e n d , and h o lid a y
p r e m i u m s . 36 Sh ift d if fe r e n t ia ls in 1962 c o m p r i s e d th e s a m e p r o p o r t i o n o f p a y ­
r o l l at th e a ll m a n u fa c tu r in g l e v e l as in 1959 ( 0 .9 p e r c e n t ) , but e x p e n d itu r e s p e r
p la n t h o u r f o r s h ift p r e m iu m s i n c r e a s e d b y a lm o s t 10 p e r c e n t to 2. 3 c e n t s .
It is e s t im a t e d th at th e a v e r a g e n u m b e r o f w e e k ly o v e r t im e p r e m iu m
h o u r s o f p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s in 1962 w e r e g r e a t e r th an in 1959 and w e r e a ls o
a s lig h t ly l a r g e r p r o p o r t i o n o f a v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s . 37 T h e e x p e n d itu r e s f o r
o v e r t im e , w e e k e n d , and h o lid a y p r e m iu m s , h o w e v e r , a r e e s t im a t e d to h a v e d e ­
c lin e d f r o m 3. 6 p e r c e n t o f th e 1959 s t r a ig h t -t i m e p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r p a y r o ll to
3. 5 p e r c e n t in 1 96 2.
In g e n e r a l, th e d ata in d ic a te th at 1962 o v e r t im e , w e e k e n d , and h o lid a y
p r e m iu m s w e r e a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f p a y r o ll in l a r g e e s t a b lis h m e n t s (5 0 0 e m ­
p lo y e e s o r m o r e ) th an in 195 9, but a s m a l l e r p r o p o r t i o n o f p a y r o ll in p la n ts
w ith f e w e r th an 500 e m p lo y e e s .
M e a s u r e d in c e n ts p e r p la n t h o u r , e x p e n d itu r e s
in th e l a r g e r p la n ts i n c r e a s e d b y abou t 12 p e r c e n t ( f r o m 9 . 3 c e n ts in 1959 to
1 0 .4 c e n ts in 1 9 6 2 ), w h ile e x p e n d itu r e s in s m a l l e r p la n ts d e c lin e d .
A verage
h o u r ly e a r n in g s in th e s m a l le r p la n ts , h o w e v e r , a r e e s t im a t e d to h a v e i n c r e a s e d
at a f a s t e r r a te th an in th e l a r g e ; and g r o s s p r o d u c t io n h o u r s p a id f o r in s m a ll
p la n ts a r e e s t im a t e d to h a v e i n c r e a s e d w h ile t h o s e in th e l a r g e r p la n ts d e c lin e d .
T h e d if fe r e n t m o v e m e n t s in th e e x p e n d itu r e and h o u r s s e r i e s m a y , t h e r e f o r e ,
be e x p la in e d b y d if fe r e n t ia l c o n t r ib u t io n s to th e t o t a ls b y e s t a b lis h m e n t s in d i f ­
fe r e n t g r o u p s ; e a c h i n c r e a s in g th e n u m b e r o f e s t im a t e d p r e m iu m h o u r s p a id f o r ,
but at v a r y in g r a t e s in p r o p o r t io n to to ta l h o u r s and p a y r o l l s .
L e g a lly R e q u ir e d I n s u r a n c e P r o g r a m s
A ll w o r k e r s in th e m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s in 1962 as in 1959, w e r e
c o v e r e d by s o c i a l s e c u r i t y and m o s t w e r e p r o t e c t e d b y th e p r o v i s io n s o f u n e m ­
p lo y m e n t in s u r a n c e and w o r k m e n * s c o m p e n s a t io n la w s .
In a fe w S ta te s , p r o ­
d u c tio n w o r k e r s w e r e a ls o p r o t e c t e d b y o t h e r l e g a l ly r e q u ir e d in s u r a n c e p r o g r a m s ,
p r i n c ip a ll y State t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y i n s u r a n c e .
E m p lo y e r e x p e n d itu r e s f o r th e l e g a l ly r e q u ir e d in s u r a n c e p r o g r a m s in
a ll m a n u fa c tu r in g ju m p e d f r o m 4. 7 p e r c e n t o f s t r a ig h t -t i m e p a y r o ll and 10. 7 ce n ts
p e r p lan t h o u r in 1959 to 6 p e r c e n t and 1 4 .8 c e n ts in 1962.
T h is 3 8 - p e r c e n t r i s e in p la n t h o u r e x p e n d itu r e s w a s due in la r g e p a rt
to m a n d a te d i n c r e a s e s in c o n t r ib u t io n r a t e s .
T h e c o n t r ib u t io n r a te f o r s o c i a l
s e c u r i t y r o s e 25 p e r c e n t , f r o m 2. 5 p e r c e n t o f th e f i r s t $ 4 ,8 0 0 o f e a r n in g s in

The 1959 data were derived by subtracting expenditures for shift differential from total premiums.
3? BLS Bulletin 1312-1, op. c i t . , footnote 2.




86
1959 to 3. 125 p e r c e n t in 1962,
T h e n et F e d e r a l u n e m p lo y m e n t c o m p e n s a t io n
c o n t r ib u t io n r a t e s r o s e f r o m 0. 3 p e r c e n t o f th e f i r s t $ 3 ,0 0 0 o f e a r n in g s in 1959
t o 0. 8 p e r c e n t in a ll S ta te s d u r in g 1962 and a d d itio n a l r i s e s w e r e n o te d in tw o
S ta te s . 8 S tate u n e m p lo y m e n t c o n t r ib u t io n r a t e s r o s e a s a r e s u lt o f h ig h l e v e l s
o f u n e m p lo y m e n t c o m p e n s a t io n p a y m e n ts in r e c e n t y e a r s , a n d l e g is l a t i v e c h a n g e s
in e it h e r th e m a x im u m c o n t r ib u t io n r a t e s , e a r n in g s b a s e , o r b o th .
In a ll m a n u fa c tu r in g , th e m a n d a te d i n c r e a s e s in e m p lo y e r p a y m e n ts f o r
s o c i a l s e c u r i t y and u n e m p lo y m e n t c o m p e n s a t io n r e s u lt e d in e x p e n d it u r e s f o r th e s e
p r o g r a m s b e in g a g r e a t e r p o r t io n o f to ta l 1962 e x p e n d it u r e s (82 p e r c e n t ) f o r th e
l e g a l ly r e q u ir e d in s u r a n c e s than in 1959 (80 p e r c e n t ).
T h is s t r u c t u r a l ch a n g e
o c c u r r e d e v e n th ou g h e x p e n d itu r e s f o r w o r k m e n ’ s c o m p e n s a t io n , th e th ir d la r g e s t
p r o g r a m , r o s e 25 p e r c e n t p e r p la n t h o u r and i n c r e a s e d f r o m 0. 9 p e r c e n t o f
s t r a ig h t - t i m e p a y r o ll to 1 p e r c e n t .
E x p e n d itu r e s f o r th e o th e r l e g a l ly r e q u ir e d
in s u r a n c e p r o g r a m s , p r i n c ip a ll y State t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y i n s u r a n c e , a m o u n te d
to l e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t o f s t r a ig h t -t im e p a y r o ll and 0. 1 ce n t p e r p la n t h o u r
in b oth y e a r s .
A m o n g th e in d u s tr y g r o u p s f o r w h ich c o m p a r a t iv e data w e r e a v a ila b le ,
1962 e x p e n d it u r e s r a n g e d f r o m a lo w o f 4 . 8 p e r c e n t o f s t r a ig h t -t i m e p a y r o ll in
th e p r in tin g i n d u s t r ie s to a h ig h o f 8. 7 p e r c e n t in th e lu m b e r in d u s tr y .
T h ese
tw o in d u s tr y g r o u p s in 1959 a ls o h a d , r e s p e c t i v e l y , th e lo w e s t a n d h ig h e s t e x ­
p e n d it u r e s r e la t iv e to p a y r o ll f o r th e l e g a l ly r e q u ir e d i n s u r a n c e s .
In t e r m s o f
e x p e n d it u r e s p e r p la n t h o u r , h o w e v e r , the lo w e s t r a t io d u r in g 1962 w a s fo u n d in
the t e x t ile m i l l p r o d u c t s g r o u p ; and in 1 95 9, in the t e x t il e a n d t o b a c c o in d u s t r ie s .
T h e h ig h e s t l e v e l o f p lan t h o u r e x p e n d itu r e s w a s fo u n d in th e f a b r i c a t e d m e t a l
p r o d u c t s in d u s tr y in 1962 and in th e p r i m a r y m e t a l in d u s tr y in 1959.

T h e g r e a t e s t i n c r e a s e s in e x p e n d it u r e s f o r th e l e g a l ly r e q u ir e d i n s u r ­
a n c e s , a s a p a y r o ll r e l a t i v e , o c c u r r e d in p la n ts w h e r e th e a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s
o f p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s w e r e at th e m id d le o r lo w e r en d o f th e w a g e c u r v e ; in
p la n ts e m p lo y in g f e w e r than 500; in p la n ts w h e r e n on e o r a m in o r it y o f th e p r o ­
d u c tio n w o r k e r s w e r e c o v e r e d b y u n ion a g r e e m e n t s ; a n d in p la n ts l o c a t e d in n o n ­
m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s .
In 1962 a s in 1 95 9, h o w e v e r , e x p e n d it u r e s p e r p la n t h o u r w e r e h ig h e s t
in p la n ts w h e r e the a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f th e p r o d u c t io n f o r c e w e r e at the
u p p e r en d o f th e w a g e c u r v e ; in p la n ts e m p lo y in g 500 o r m o r e (a lth o u g h e x p e n d i­
t u r e s o f s m a l le r p la n ts in 1962 w e r e o n ly s lig h t ly l o w e r ) ; in u n io n iz e d p la n ts ; and
in p la n ts l o c a t e d in m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s .

P r iv a t e W e lfa r e P la n s
In a ll m a n u fa c tu r in g , th e m o r e than 2 - c e n t i n c r e a s e b e tw e e n 1959 and
1962 ( 1 1 .7 c e n ts to 1 3 .9 c e n t s ) o r 19 p e r c e n t , in p la n t h o u r e x p e n d itu r e s f o r
p r iv a t e w e l fa r e p la n s , w a s p r i m a r il y th e r e s u lt o f i n c r e a s e d e m p lo y e r p a y m e n ts
f o r l i f e , a c c i d e n t , and h e a lth in s u r a n c e ; and p e n s io n and r e t ir e m e n t p la n s .
M eas­
u r e d a s an e q u iv a le n t o f s t r a ig h t -t im e p a y r o ll , e m p lo y e r e x p e n d itu r e s f o r p r iv a t e
p la n s c o v e r i n g the p r o d u c t io n w o r k f o r c e r o s e f r o m 5. 1 p e r c e n t in 1959 to 5. 7
p e r c e n t in 1962. 3
8

38 The major part o f this increase, 0 .4 percent, was levied as a result o f the temporary extended unemployment
compensation program. This levy has subsequently been reduced, and the net Federal rate in 1964 is 0 .4 percent o f
the first $3,000 in earning?. Also see footnote 14.




87
T h e g r e a t e s t i n c r e a s e , 7 .4 c e n ts p e r p la n t h o u r — a b o u t 80 p e r c e n t , and
f r o m an e q u iv a le n t o f 5 .4 p e r c e n t o f s t r a ig h t -t i m e p a y r o ll to 8 .1 p e r c e n t , w a s
fo u n d in t o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e r s .
T h is in d u s tr y g r o u p h a s a h ig h c o n c e n t r a t io n
o f l a r g e u n io n iz e d e s t a b lis h m e n t s , m a n y o f w h ich — a c c o r d in g to in fo r m a t io n in the
B u r e a u 's f il e o f c o l l e c t i v e l y b a r g a in e d a g r e e m e n t s — in t r o d u c e d o r l i b e r a l i z e d on e
o r m o r e ty p e s o f l i f e , a c c i d e n t , and h e a lth in s u r a n c e , a n d /o r p e n s io n and r e t i r e ­
m e n t p la n s s u b s e q u e n t to 1959.
T h e s e c o n d l a r g e s t i n c r e a s e in p la n t h o u r e x p e n d it u r e s — a b o u t 5.8 c e n t s —
w a s fo u n d in b o th th e p r i m a r y m e t a l and t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t i n d u s t r ie s .
T h e s e tw o in d u s tr y g r o u p s , a m o n g th o s e f o r w h ich c o m p a r a t iv e data w e r e a v a i l a ­
b le , h ad th e h ig h e s t p lan t h o u r e x p e n d itu r e f o r p r iv a t e w e lfa r e p la n s in b o th y e a r s .
A m o n g th e o th e r in d u s tr y g r o u p s f o r w h ich y e a r - t o - y e a r data w e r e a v a i la b le , e x ­
p e n d itu r e s in t h r e e in d u s t r ie s ( a p p a r e l, le a t h e r , and m a c h in e r y ) r o s e l e s s than
1 ce n t p e r p la n t h o u r ; e x p e n d itu r e s in th e 11 o th e r g r o u p s w e r e f r o m 1 .1 to
2. 7 c e n ts p e r p la n t h o u r h ig h e r d u r in g 1962 than in 1959.
W hen s e le c t e d e s t a b lis h m e n t c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s w e r e m e a s u r e d in d e p e n d ­
e n tly , the l a r g e s t y e a r - t o - y e a r i n c r e a s e s in a ll m a n u fa c tu r in g w e r e fo u n d in e s ­
ta b lis h m e n t s that h ad 500 e m p lo y e e s o r m o r e ; in p la n ts in w h ich p r o d u c t io n w o r k ­
e r s ' a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e in the u p p e r t h ir d o f th e w a g e d is t r ib u t io n ;
and in u n io n iz e d p la n ts . E s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith t h e s e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s a l s o had the
h ig h e s t l e v e l o f e x p e n d itu r e s f o r p r iv a t e w e lfa r e p la n s in b o th y e a r s , m e a s u r e d
e it h e r in t e r m s o f c e n ts p e r plan t h o u r o r a s an e q u iv a le n t o f p a y r o ll .
T h e m a jo r i n c r e a s e a m o n g the p r iv a t e w e l fa r e p la n s w a s f o r o n e o r m o r e
f o r m s o f l i f e , h e a lth , and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e , f o r w h ic h e x p e n d itu r e s r o s e to
6. 9 c e n ts p e r p la n t h o u r— 38 p e r c e n t m o r e than in 1959.
T h e r i s e in in s u r a n c e p a y m e n ts ch a n g e d th e r e l a t iv e im p o r t a n c e in t e r m s
o f e x p e n d it u r e s , b e tw e e n in s u r a n c e and p e n s io n p la n s . In 1959, p e n s io n p la n s —
at 5. 7 c e n ts p e r p la n t h o u r— r e p r e s e n t e d 49 p e r c e n t o f th e p r iv a t e w e l fa r e p la n s
e x p e n d it u r e s .
E x p e n d itu r e s f o r p e n s io n s i n c r e a s e d to 6. 1 c e n t s in 1 96 2, but
r e p r e s e n t e d o n ly 44 p e r c e n t o f to ta l e x p e n d itu r e s f o r p r iv a t e w e l f a r e . In t e r m s
o f p a y r o ll e q u iv a le n t s , e m p lo y e r e x p e n d it u r e s f o r l i f e , h e a lth , and a c c id e n t i n ­
s u r a n c e r o s e f r o m 2. 2 p e r c e n t in 1959 to 2. 8 p e r c e n t in 1962; p e n s io n e x p e n d i­
t u r e s e q u a le d 2. 5 p e r c e n t in b oth y e a r s .
T h e ch a n g e in th e r e la t io n s h ip o f th e s e e x p e n d itu r e s w a s , a m o n g o th e r
f a c t o r s , p a r t ly the r e s u lt o f g r e a t ly in c r e a s e d h e a lth in s u r a n c e c o s t s a n d p a r t ly
the r e s u lt o f th e liq u id a tio n , b y s o m e o f th e o l d e r p e n s io n p la n s , o f t h e ir p a s t
s e r v i c e l i a b i l i t i e s , g e n e r a lly in c r e a s e d in v e s t m e n t in c o m e o f p e n s io n fu n d s ; and
i n c r e a s e s in a c t u a r ia l a s s u m p t io n s r e g a r d in g in v e s t m e n t i n c o m e . 39
D u rin g 1959 and 1962, e m p lo y e r e x p e n d itu r e s in a ll m a n u fa c tu r in g f o r
v a c a tio n and h o lid a y fu n d s and s a v in g s and t h r ift p la n s a m o u n te d to l e s s than
0. 5 ce n t p e r p la n t h o u r .
T h e s e c o m b in e d p a y m e n ts w e r e e q u a l to l e s s than
0. 2 p e r c e n t o f s t r a ig h t -t i m e p a y r o ll .
A s lig h t ly l a r g e r p r o p o r t io n o f the p r o d u c t io n w o r k f o r c e in 1962 than
in 1959 w a s e m p lo y e d b y p la n ts that a c t u a lly h ad e x p e n d it u r e s f o r l i f e , a c c id e n t ,
and h e a lth in s u r a n c e (89 and 87 p e r c e n t , r e s p e c t i v e l y ) ; p e n s io n and r e t ir e m e n t
For a detailed discussion o f these points, see Joseph Krislov's, ' Employee Benefit Plans, 1954-62, " Social
Security Bulletin, April 1964, pp. 4—21, and Employee Benefit Plan R eview , July 1964, pp. 38-39, Charles D. Spencer
and Associates, In c ., Chicago, 111. While both o f these discussions are at the all-industry level, it is believed that
they are equally applicable, in general terms, to the manufacturing industries. Also note that the price o f m edical care
rose after 1959 at a faster rate than the price o f any other major item included in the Bureau's Consumer Price Index.




p la n s (61 and 60 p e r c e n t ); a n d s a v in g a n d t h r ift p la n s (4 and 3 p e r c e n t ) . In 1962
a s in 1959, a b ou t 2 p e r c e n t o f th e p r o d u c t io n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s in the m a n u ­
fa c t u r in g in d u s t r ie s w e r e e m p lo y e d b y p la n ts that m a d e p a y m e n ts in to v a c a t io n
a n d h o lid a y fu n d s ; m o s t o f th e s e w o r k e r s w e r e e m p lo y e d , in b o th y e a r s , b y e s t a b ­
lis h m e n t s in th e a p p a r e l, p r i m a r y m e t a l, and t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t in d u s t r ie s .
E x p e n d itu r e s d u r in g 1962, in t h o s e m a n u fa c tu r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s that
p a id f o r on e o r m o r e p r iv a t e w e l fa r e p la n s (in c lu d in g b o n u s e s ) c o v e r i n g t h e ir p r o ­
d u c tio n w o r k e r s , a m o u n te d to 1 6 .8 c e n t s p e r p la n t h o u r , o r an a m o u n t e q u a l to
6. 7 p e r c e n t o f s t r a ig h t -t i m e p a y r o ll (ta b le 5 1 ). T h is expendituxe-^warS-20 p e r c e n t
g r e a t e r than in 1 95 9, w h en e m p lo y e r s w ith e x p e n d it u r e s f o r p r iv a t e p la n s , i n ­
clu d in g b o n u s e s , p a id an a v e r a g e o f 14 c e n t s p e r p la n t h o u r o r the e q u iv a le n t
o f 6 p e r c e n t o f p a y r o ll .
In e it h e r y e a r , th e b u lk o f th e e x p e n d itu r e s w a s f o r in s u r a n c e and p e n ­
s io n p la n s .
B e tw e e n th e y e a r s , a s in d ic a t e d p r e v i o u s l y , e m p lo y e r e x p e n d it u r e s
f o r l i f e , a c c i d e n t , a n d h e a lth in s u r a n c e in a ll o f th e in d u s t r ie s f o r w h ich c o m ­
p a r a t iv e data a r e a v a ila b le , e x c e p t t o b a c c o and fu r n it u r e , r o s e at a f a s t e r r a te
than e x p e n d itu r e s f o r p e n s io n and r e t ir e m e n t p la n s . In th e t o b a c c o and fu r n it u r e
in d u s t r ie s , h o w e v e r , p e n s io n e x p e n d it u r e s , a m o n g p la n ts w ith e x p e n d it u r e s , r o s e
b e tw e e n the y e a r s b y a l a r g e r a m ou n t th an d id e m p lo y e r p a y m e n ts f o r an y o th e r
p r iv a t e p la n s .
E x p e n d itu r e s f o r p e n s io n s in p la n ts w ith s u ch e x p e n d itu r e s a c t u a lly d e ­
c lin e d in s e v e r a l o f th e in d u s t r ie s w h en c o m p a r e d w ith p a y r o ll . S u ch d e c r e a s e s
w e r e n o te d in th e lu m b e r ; le a t h e r ; s t o n e , c l a y , a n d g l a s s ; and p r i m a r y m e t a l
in d u s t r ie s . In t e r m s o f c e n t s p e r p la n t h o u r , h o w e v e r , th e le a t h e r ; s to n e , c l a y ,
a n d g l a s s ; and p r i m a r y m e t a l in d u s t r ie s w e r e th e o n ly g r o u p s in w h ich e x p e n d i­
t u r e s f o r p e n s io n and r e t ir e m e n t p la n s d e c lin e d .
A s m a ll i n c r e a s e in e x p e n d itu r e r a t i o s w a s fo u n d b e tw e e n 1959 and 1962
a m o n g th o s e e s t a b lis h m e n t s that r e p o r t e d s e p a r a t e e x p e n d it u r e s f o r s e v e r a n c e o r
d i s m i s s a l p a y , o r f o r s u p p le m e n ta l u n e m p lo y m e n t b e n e fit p la n s . T h e d a ta , w h ich
e x c lu d e e x p e n d it u r e s f o r p la n s c o m b in in g th e fe a t u r e s o f b o th s e v e r a n c e and s u p ­
p le m e n ta l u n e m p lo y m e n t b e n e fit p la n s , s h o w that e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith s e p a r a te
e x p e n d itu r e s f o r s e v e r a n c e p a y p la n s h ad p a y m e n ts o f 1 .1 c e n t s p e r p la n t h o u r
in 1962— 38 p e r c e n t m o r e than in 1959 w h en s u ch e x p e n d it u r e s a m o u n te d to
0. 8 c e n t.
P la n ts w ith s e p a r a t e s u p p le m e n ta l u n e m p lo y m e n t b e n e fit p la n s p a id
3. 7 c e n t s p e r p la n t h o u r in 1962 o r 6 p e r c e n t m o r e than in 1959 w h en s u ch e x ­
p e n d itu r e s a m o u n te d to 3. 5 c e n t s .
In 1 96 2, e x p e n d itu r e s in p la n ts that m a d e
p a y m e n ts f o r t h e s e p la n s , e ith e r s in g ly o r in c o m b in a t io n , a m o u n te d to 3 c e n t s
p e r p lan t h o u r and w e r e e q u a l to 1 p e r c e n t o f th e p r o d u c t io n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s
s t r a ig h t -t i m e p a y r o ll .
P la n ts that h ad in s u r a n c e e x p e n d it u r e s e q u a lin g at le a s t 4 p e r c e n t o f
g r o s s p a y r o ll , and 10 c e n t s p e r h o u r p a id f o r , e m p lo y e d a b o u t 20 p e r c e n t o f th e
w o r k e r s in 1962 a s c o m p a r e d w ith a b o u t 8 p e r c e n t in 1959. T h e d is t r ib u t io n o f
w o r k e r s in p la n ts w ith p e n s io n e x p e n d it u r e s w a s q u ite s im i la r d u rin g b o th y e a r s .




T able 44.

E m ployer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplem entary C om pensation P r a c tice s fo r P rodu ction and R elated W orker!
in the M anufacturing Industries, by R egion, 1962 and 1959
E m ployer expenditures in all establishm ents
P e rce n t o f straigh t-tim e pa y ro ll

Supplem entary com pensation p ra ctice

United
otates

N ortheast

Cents p er plant hour

N orth
Central

South

United
States

W est

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

Paid leave 1 ---------------------------------------------------------V a ca tio n ---------------------------------------------------------H oliday--------------------------------------------------- --------S ic k -----------------------------------------------------------------

6. 2
3. 7
2. 2
.3

6.
3.
2.
.

6.
3.
2.
.

6.
3.
2.
.

6
8
5
3

5. 3
3.3
1.7
.3

5 .3
3. 3
1 .6
.3

6 .4
3 .9
2 .3
.2

6.
4.
2.
.

5
0
3
2

6. 2
3 .4
2. 3
.4

6. 0
3 .4
2. 2
.4

P rem iu m paym ents 2 ------------------------------------------

4 .4

4. 5

4. 3

4 .5

4. 7

4. 8

4. 7

4. 1

4 .4

Y earen d, C h ristm as, and other irre g u la r
bonuses 3------------------------------------------------------------

3
7
2
2

6
8
5
3

4. 0

N ortheast

N orth
Central

South

1959

1959

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

1959

15.4
9. 1
5. 5
.7

14.
8.
5.
.

3
5
1
6

16. 2
9 .3
6. 1
.7

14.9
8. 5
5. 6
.6

10. 9
6. 8
3 .4
.6

9. 7
6. 1
3 .0
.5

17.0
10.4
6 .0
.5

16. 3
10.0
5. 8
.4

17. 3
9. 6
6. 3
1.2

15.4
8. 6
5. 5
1. 1

10. 8

10. 3

9 .8

9. 8

9. 3

8. 6

12.8

11. 7

11.5

11. 1

.7

.5

.9

.6

.6

.5

.7

2. 3

1. 4

1 .3

L ega lly req u ired insu ran ce p ro g ra m s 4----------S ocia l s e c u r it y --------------------------------------------- —
U nem ploym ent co m p e n s a tio n ----------------------W ork m en 's com pen sation ------------------ -----------

6. 0
2. 7
2. 2
1.0

4. 7
2. 3
1.5
.9

6. 3
2. 7
2. 5
.9

5 .0
2. 3
1. 8
.9

5 .9
2.9
2 .0

1.0

4. 7
2. 3
1.4
.9

5. 6
2. 7
1.9
.9

4.
2.
1.
.

2
2
3
7

6. 7
2. 6
2 .4
1.6

5.
2.
1.
1.

3
3
7
2

14. 8
6. 7
5 .4
2. 5

10.
5.
3.
2.

7
2
4
0

15.5
6. 7
6. 2
2. 2

11.4
5. 1
4. 0
2. 0

12. 1
5 .9
4. 1
2. 0

8.
4.
2.
1.

P riv a te w elfa re plans 5--------------------------------------L ife, accid en t, and health in s u r a n c e --------P en sion and retirem en t p la n s ----------------------

5. 7
2 .8
2.5

5. 1
2. 2
2. 5

5. 5
2. 7
2. 4

5. 1
2. 1
2 .4

5. 1
2. 3
2 .4

4. 6
1. 7
2. 3

6 .4
3. 2
2. 7

5. 7
2. 5
2. 8

4 .9
2. 6
2. 1

4. 2
2. 2
1. 8

13.9
6 .9
6. 1

11. 7
5 .0
5. 7

13. 6
6. 7
6 .0

11. 6
4. 7
5. 6

10.4
4. 7
4 .9

8. 3
3. 2
4. 3

1
2
3
4
5

.4

.6

.4

W est

1962

1.8

1. 2

1. 7

1. 1

1.6

8
1
2
5

10. 6
5. 6
3. 2
1.9

18. 7
7.3
6. 7
4. 5

13.
5.
4.
3.

16.9
8. 6
7. 1

14. 2
6. 2
7. 1

13. 6
7. 3
5 .8

10. 9
5. 6
4. 6

1. 0
5
3
6
6

14.
7.
5.
2.

.9
3
7
3
1

Includes m ilita ry , ju ry , w itness, voting, and person al leave not presented separately.
Includes o v e r tim e , weekend, and holiday w ork prem ium s and shift differen tials not presen ted separately.
The 1959 bonus data did not include paym ents m ade under plans that w ere p r im a rily p r o fit-s h a r in g plans; these paym ents w ere included in the 1962 data.
Includes other leg a lly required insurance, prin cipa lly State tem porary disa b ility in surance, not presen ted separately.
Includes vacation and holiday funds, severan ce o r d ism issa l pay and supplem ental unem ploym ent b en efits, and savings and thrift plans not presented separately.




00
VO

T able 45.

VO

E m ployer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplem entary C om pensation P r a c tice s fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers
in the Manufacturing Industries, by Industry G roup, 1962 and 1959

O

E m ployer expenditures in all establishm ents
P e rce n t o f straigh t-tim e pa y ro ll

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

1959

6. 2

6. 3

4 .4

4 .5

0. 7

0 .5

6 .0

6 .4
6. 0
3. 8
3. 3
3. 3
4. 8
6.9
6.9
7. 1
5 .2
5 .8
7. 2
6. 1
6. 3
7. 0
7. 1
5 .3

6. 3
5. 8
3. 7
3 .5
3. 2
4. 7
6. 5
6. 8
6. 7
5. 2
5. 3
7. 8
5 .9
6. 6
7. 2
6.9
5 .4

4 .0
2. 6
4. 1
1.5
4 .0
3. 1
7. 3
4. 7
5. 2
1.9
5 .4
4. 7
4 .4
4. 3
5. 6
3 .9
2. 7

4 .4
2. 5
4. 3
1. 8
3 .8
3. 7
7 .4
6. 2
5. 5
1. 7
5 .6
5. 2
4. 7
4. 5
4. 7
4. 2
3 .9

0 .9
1. 2
.6
.6
.8
.7
.5
.8
.5
.6
.5
.4
1 .2
1.3
.3
2 .0
1. 6

0 .5
.3
.5
.3
.5
.7
.5
.7
.4
.5
.5
.2
.6
.6
.3
2. 5
1. 2

6. 2
5 .8
6. 2
6. 8
8. 7
7 .0
5. 7
4. 8
6. 2
7. 1
6. 3
5 .4
6 .8
5 .5
5. 7
5. 7
6. 6

Paid leave

A ll indu stries 1 ----------------------------------------F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s --------------------------------T o b a c co m a n u factu res---------------------------------------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------------A p parel and other finished textile p r o d u c t s ----Lum ber and wood p r o d u c ts --------------------------------Fu rn iture and fix tu r e s ---------------------------------------P a p er and a llied p r o d u c t s ---------------------------------P rintin g, publishing, and allied in d u s trie s -----Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s p rod u cts —
L eather and leather p r o d u c ts ----------------------------Stone, clay, and glass p r o d u c t s -----------------------P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ---------------------------------F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s --------------------------------M ach in ery, except e l e c t r i c a l ---------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t---------------------------------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s --------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ----------

Cents p er plant hour

Leg ally
requtired
insur •ance
prog] rams
1962
1959

Industry group

P rem ium
payments

Bonuses

P rivate
w elfare
plans

Paid leave

P rem ium
paym ents

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

1959

4. 7

5. 7

5. 1

1 5.4

14. 3

10. 8

10. 3

1. 8

5. 0
4. 8
5. 1
5 .4
6. 7
5. 2
4. 4
3. 5
4 .4
5. 2
5. 1
4. 5
4 .9
4. 2
4. 5
4. 1
5. 2

5 .5
8. 1
3. 1
3. 2
2. 8
3 .9
5 .4
4. 2
6. 5
3. 2
5 .5
8. 3
5 .9
5. 7
7. 6
6.0
4. 1

4 .9
5 .4
2. 7
3. 0
2. 0
3. 2
4. 8
3. 7
6 .4
2 .9
5. 1
6 .9
5. 2
5 .5
6 .0
5. 3
3. 6

15.0
12. 1
6. 6
5. 8
6. 4
9 .7
16.9
20. 5
18. 1
9 .5
14. 6
22. 7
15. 8
17.5
2 0 .4
18. 1
11. 3

13.4
9 .7
5 .9
5. 7
5. 8
9. 1
14.4
18.4
16. 0
9. 1
11. 7
22. 6
14.4
17.4
19.5
16. 7
10. 2

9 .3
5 .3
7. 2
2. 6
7. 8
6. 2
18.0
13.9
13.2
3. 5
13. 6
14.9
11.3
11.8
16.4
9 .9
5 .9

9 .4
4. 3
6. 8
2 .9
6 .9
7. 2
16. 5
17.0
13. 1
2 .9
12.4
15. 2
11. 6
11.8
12. 7
10.3
7 .4

2. 1
2 .4
1. 1
1. 1
l! 5
1.5
1. 1
2 .5
1. 3
1.2
1.3
1.3
3. 1
3 .7
.9
5. 1
3 .5

1 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s ; ch em icals and allied products; petroleu m refining and related p r o d u c ts ; and e le c t r ic a l m ach in ery,
sented separately.




Bonuses
1962

L ega lly
required
insurance
p rogram s

P rivate
w elfare
plains

1962

1959

1962

1959

1. 2

14. 8

10. 7

13.9

11. 7

1.0
.5
.8
.5
.9
1. 3
1. 2
2 .0
1.0
.9
1. 2
.5
1.4
1.5
.9
5 .9
2. 2

14.5
11. 7
10.8
11.9
17. 1
14. 1
14. 2
14. 1
15. 8
13.0
16.0
17.0
17.5
15.3
16.8
14.5
14. 1

10. 6
8. 2
8. 2
8. 7
12. 1
10.0
9. 8
9. 6
10. 6
9 .0
11.4
13. 1
12.0
11. 1
12. 3
9 .9
9 .8

12. 8
16. 5
5 .3
5 .7
5 .4
7 .8
13. 3
12.5
16.4
5 .8
13.9
26. 1
15.3
15. 7
22. 1
15. 3
8. 8

10. 5
9. 1
4. 2
4. 8
3. 6
6. 2
10. 7
9 .9
15. 2
5. 0
11. 2
20. 2
12. 7
14. 8
16. 3
12.9
6 .9

1959

equipm ent, and supplies industries not p r e ­

Table 46.

E m ployer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplem entary Com pensation P r a c tice s fo r P rodu ction and R elated W orkers
in the M anufacturing Industries, by H ourly Earnings Group, 1962 and 1959

_ j .
iocn
(ho ->a
~
•• — --------------o ---------r -------o - --------------------—
**'*v.» v -•
> >•*»«- <»vci age m Luc highest third in
and m 1959, $ 2 .2 0 o r m o re .
Includes m ilita ry, ju ry , w itness, voting, and personal leave not presented separately.
* Includes ov e rtim e , w eekend, and holiday prem ium s not presented separately.
5 The ^ 5 9 bonus data did not include payments made under plans that w ere p rim a rily p ro fit-sh a rin g plans; these paym ents w ere included in the 1962 data.
, Includes other le g a lly required insurance p rogram s, p rin cip a lly State te m p orary d isability insurance, not presen ted separately.
Includes vacation and holiday funds, severan ce o r d is m is s a l pay and supplem ental unem ploym ent benefits, and savings and thrift plans not presented separately.
2




T a ble 47.

E m ployer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplem entary Com pensation P r a c tice s fo r P rodu ction and R elated W orkers
in the Manufacturing Industries, by Size Group, 1962 and 1959

V©

to

E m ployer expenditures in all establishm ents
Cents per plant hour

P ercent of straigh t-tim e p ayroll
Size group

Supplem entary com pen sation p r a c tic e
Under 100
em ployees

----------------em ployees
o r m ore

100-499
em ployees

Under 100
em ployees

500
em ployees
o r m ore

100-499
em ployees

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

1959

4. 5
2. 5
1.8
.2

5.8
3. 4
2. 2
.2

5.
3.
2.
.

5
3
1
1

7. 4
4. 5
2. 5
.4

7. 3
4 .4
2. 5
.3

9 .6
5 .4
3 .8
.3

9 .0
5. 1
3 .6
.3

13. 3
7.8
5. 0
.4

11.
6.
4.
.

2
7
3
3

20.6
12.5
6 .9

S ic k --------------------------------------------------------

4. 4
2. 5
1.8
.1

1.0

18. 9
11 .4
6. 4
.9

P rem iu m paym ents 1
2--------------------------------Shift d iffe r e n t ia ls ---------------------------------

3 .4
.2

3.9
.2

4. 0
.6

4. 2
.6

5. 2
1. 4

4 .9
1. 3

7. 4
.5

7 .8
.4

9 .0
1 .4

8. 6
1. 3

14. 4
4. 0

12.7
3. 4

1. 2

Paid leave 1 ------------------------------------------------

Yearen d, C h ristm a s, and other
irr e g u la r bonuses 3---------------------------------

1. 2

.7

.8

.6

.5

.4

2. 7

1. 4

1.8

L ega lly req u ired in surance p ro g ra m s 4 S ocia l s e c u r ity -------------------------------------U nem ploym ent co m p e n s a tio n -------------W orkm en's c o m p e n s a t io n -------------------

6.8
2.8
2 .4
1. 5

5. 4
2. 3
1.7
1. 3

6. 5
2 .9
2. 3
1. 2

5. 0
2. 3
1.6

1.0

5. 4
2 .6
2. 0
.7

4. 3
2. 2
1. 4
.6

14.8
6. 1
5. 4
3. 2

10. 7
4 .6
3 .4
2 .6

14. 7
6. 5
5. 3
2.8

P rivate w elfare plans 5----------------------------L ife, accid en t, and health insurance >
P en sion and retirem en t p la n s -------------

3.0
1.9
1. 0

2.8
1. 5
.9

5. 0
2. 7
2. 2

4. 2
2. 1
1.9

7. 4
3. 3
3 .4

6. 5
2. 5
3. 4

6 .7
4. 2
2. 3

5 .6
3. 0
1.8

11.5
6.1
5 .0

1
2
3
4
5

1.3

1. 1

2
7
3
1

14.9
7. 3
5 .6
1.9

11. 0
5. 7
3. 5
1.6

8. 5
4. 2
3.8

20. 4
9 .3
9 .4

16. 7
6 .4
8 .8

10.
4.
3.
2.

Includes m ilita ry , ju ry , w itn ess, voting, and p erson al leave not presented separately.
Includes o v e r tim e , w eekend, and holiday prem ium s not presented separately.
The 1959 bonus data did not include paym ents made under plans that w e re p rim a rily p ro fit-s h a rin g plans; these paym ents w ere included in the 1962 data.
Includes other leg a lly re q u ire d insurance p rogram s, prin cipa lly State te m p orary disability insurance, not presen ted separately.
Includes vacation and holiday funds, severan ce o r d is m is s a l pay and supplem ental unem ploym ent benefits, and savings and thrift plans not p resented separately.




T able 48.

E m ployer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplem entary C om pensation P r a c t ic e s fo r P rod u ction and Related W orkers
in the M anufacturing Industries, by Union Status, 1962 and 1959
E m p loyer expenditures in all establishm ents
P e rce n t o f straigh t-tim e p a y ro ll

Supplem entary com pensation p ra ctice

Cents p e r plant hour

Union status o f esta b lish m en ts1
M ajority co v e r e d

None o r
m in ority co v e re d

M a jority c o v e r e d

1962

1962

1959

1962

1959

4.
2.
1.
.

19.
11.
6.
.

17.
10.
6.
.

1959

P a id le a v e 2 _ _ _
_
...... ................
V a c a tio n ___
_________
___ _
H oliday_______________________________________
S ic k . _
_ __ __ __ ____ _________

7.
4.
2.
.

0
2
5
3

6 .9
4. 1
2. 4
.2

4.
2.
1.
.

P r e m iu m paym ents3_________ ___ ___ ___ _________

4. 7

4. 6

3.9

6
6
7
3

7
7
7
3

4. 3

2
5
8
7

12. 7

1962

9. 5
5. 4
3 .4
.6

8.
5.
3.
.

11. 5

8. 0

8. 0

. 3

1. 6

1. 2

L eg a lly req u ire d insurance p ro g ra m s5________
S o c ia l secu rity - _ __ ___ _
_____
U nem ploym ent com pen sation ________________
W ork m en 's com pensation—_____ _____________

5. 8
2. 7
2. 2
.9

4.
2.
1.
.

6
2
5
8

6 .4
2.9
2. 3
1. 2

5.
2.
1.
1.

0
3
6
0

15. 8
7. 2
5 .9
2. 6

11.4
5. 6
3. 7
2. 0

P r iv a te w elfa re plans6—_________________________
L ife , a ccid en t, and health insurance________
P en sion and retirem ent p la n s _______________

6. 7
3. 3
2 .9

5. 8
2. 4
2. 8

3. 5
1. 8
1. 6

3. 3
1. 6
1. 7

18. 3
9. 0
7 .9

14. 5
6. 0
7. 0

.9

1959

1
3
1
6

Y ea ren d, C h ristm as, and other irregu la r
bon u ses4_________
____ _____ _____________

. 3

None o r
m in ority co v e r e d

.6

3. 2
13.
5.
4.
2.

8
0
2
5

2. 2

2
9
8
4

9. 3
4. 3
3. 0
1.9

7. 3
3. 8
3. 3

6. 2
3. 0
3. 1

1
2
3
4

Data relate to production and related w o rk e rs only.
Includes m ilita ry , ju ry, w itness, voting, and pe rso n a l leave not presen ted separately.
Includes o v e rtim e , w eekend, and holiday w ork p rem iu m s, and shift differen tials not presen ted separately.
The 1959 bonus data did not include paym ents m ade under plans that w e re p r im a rily p r o fit-s h a r in g plans; these paym ents w e re included
in the 1962 data.
5 Includes other legally required insurance p ro g ra m s , p rin cip a lly State te m p o ra ry d isability in su ran ce, not presen ted separately.
Includes vacation and holiday funds, severan ce o r d is m is s a l pay and supplem ental unem ploym ent b en efits, and savings and thrift plans
not p resen ted separately.




VO
W

T able 49.

1
2
3
4
5

E m ployer Expenditures fo r Selected Supplem entary C om pensation P r a c tice s fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers
in the Manufacturing Industries, by M etropolitan and N onm etropolitan A re a Location, 1962 and 1959

Includes m ilita ry , ju ry , w itn ess, voting, and person al leave not presented separately.
Includes ov e rtim e , weekend, and holiday w ork prem iu m s, and shift d ifferen tials not presented separately.
The 1959 bonus data did not include paym ents m ade under plans that w ere p r im a rily p r o fit-s h a r in g plans; these paym ents w ere included in the1962 data.
Includes oth er lega lly requ ired insu ran ce p ro g ra m s, p rin cipa lly State tem p orary d isability in su ran ce, not presen ted separately.
Includes vacation and holiday funds, severan ce o r d ism issa l pay and supplem ental unem ploym ent ben efits, and savings and thrift plans notpresen ted separately.




VO

ifr.

T able 50.

E m ployer Expenditures fo r Paid Leave fo r P roduction and Related W orkers in M anufacturing Industry Establishm ents With Expenditures for the P ra ctice ,
by R egion and Industry Group, 1962 and 1959
E m ployer expenditures in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p ra ctice 1
P ercen t of straigh t-tim e p ayroll

Cents per plant hour

R egion and industry group
Paid leave
1962

United States 3 ----------------------------------------------------N ortheast-------------------------------------------------------South---------------------------------------------------------------North C e n tr a l------------------------------------------------W e s t ---------------------------------------------------------------F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s -------------------------------T o b a c co m anu factu res---------------------------------------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------A p parel and other fin ish ed textile p r o d u c ts ---Lu m ber and v/ood p r o d u c ts-------------------------------F u rn iture and f i x t u r e s --------------------------------------P aper and a llied p r o d u c t s -------------------------------—
Printin g, publishing, and allied in d u strie s-----Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la stics
products ------------------------------------- —------------------Leath er and leather p r o d u c ts ---------------------------Stone, cla y , and gla s s p r o d u c t s ----------------------P rim a ry m etal in d u s t r ie s ------------------------------- —
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s ------------------------------—
M achinery, except e l e c t r i c a l --------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ip m en t------------------------------- —
Instrum ents and rela ted produ cts ------------------—
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ---------

Vacations

Sick leave

Paid leave

1959

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

3 .9
4. 0
3.6
4. 0
3.6

3.9
4. 0
3.6
4. 1
3 .5

2. 4
2 .6
2. 1
2. 3
2. 4

2. 4
2 .6
2. 1
2 .4
2 .4

1. 0
1. 0
1. 0
.9
1. 0

1.0
1.0
1. 0
.9
1. 1

6. 4
5.8
3.8
4. 1
3.8
4.8
6. 5
6.8

3.9
3.7
2. 9
2. 4
2 .6
3. 0
4. 3
4. 2

3.9
3.7
2.8
2. 7
2. 4
3. 0
4 .0
4. 4

2. 3
2. 4
1. 7
2 .0
1.8
2. 2
2. 4
2. 5

2. 4
2. 2
1.7
2. 1
1. 7
2. 1
2. 3
2. 4

.9
(4)
(4)
.4
(4)
.5
.5
.7

6 .9
5. 4
5 .4
7.8
6. 0
6.6
7. 2
6.9
5. 5

4. 5
3. 0
3.8
4 .8
3. 7
3.6
4. 1
3.9
3. 1

4. 4
3. 1
3. 4
5. 2
3.6
4. 1
4. 1
3. 7
3. 1

2. 5
2. 4
2. 2
2. 4
2 .4
2. 4
2.6
2.6
2. 4

2. 4
2 .4
2. 1
2. 5
2 .5
2. 5
2.6
2.6
2. 3

.5
(4)
.4
.4
.5
1. 1
1. 1
1. 1
.6

1959

1962

6 .4
6.8
5.6
6. 5
6 .4

6. 4
6 .7
5.6
6 .6
6. 2

6. 5
6. 2
4. 0
4. 0
4. 0
5. 0
6 .9
7. 0
7.
5.
6.
7.
6.
6.
7.
7.
5.

2
3
0
2
2
3
1
1
5

Holiday

L

Vacations

1962

Sick leave

1959

1959

16. 0
16.8
11.9
17. 2
18. 1

14.9
15. 5
10. 7
16. 5
15.7

9 .7
9 .9
7. 6
10.6
10. 2

9.1
9 .3
6.8
10. 2
8 .8

6. 1
6 .4
4 .9
6. 2
6 .9

5.7
6 .0
4. 2
6 .0
6. 1

2. 7
2. 7
2.8
2. 4
3. 0

2.
2.
2.
2.
3.

.9
(4)
(4)
.4
(4)
.3
.7
.7

15.6
12.8
6 .9
7 .0
8. 2
10. 5
16.9
20. 7

14. 1
9 .8
6. 2
6. 7
7. 4
9 .3
14. 4
18. 7

9 .4
7. 7
5. 1
4. 1
5. 2
6 .4
10.7
12. 6

8. 5
6.1
4. 5
4. 3
4. 7
5.8
9 .0
11.9

5 .6
5. 2
3. 1
3. 6
4. 1
4. 7
5.8
7. 4

5. 3
3.7
2.9
3. 5
3. 5
4. 4
5. 0
6 .6

2. 3
(4)
(4)
.7
(4)
1. 2
1. 3
2. 0

2.0
( 4)
(4)
.6
(4)
.6
1.6
1.9

.5
(4)
.5
.6
.4
1. 0
1. 3
1. 1
.6

1 8 .4
9 .6
15. 3
22. 7
16. 0
17.5
20.6
18. 2
12.0

16.8
9 .4
12. 3
22.6
14.8
17.6
19.7
16. 7
10. 4

11. 5
5. 5
9 .7
15. 1
9 .6
10. 1
12. 0
10.0
6.8

10. 7
5 .4
7 .7
15. 1
8 .8
10.7
11.2
8 .9
6 .0

6. 5
4. 4
5.8
7 .5
6. 3
6. 7
7. 6
6 .6
5. 1

5.8
4. 2
4.9
7 .4
6. 0
6 .5
7.1
6 .4
4. 5

1. 3
(4)
1. 0
1. 2
1. 2
3. 1
3 .4
3. 2
1. 3

1.1
(4)
1. 0
1.6
1. 0
2.7
3.6
2.9
1.1

1 D etail does not add to total because of a change in the base used in com puting each of the com ponents.
2 Includes m ilita ry , ju ry , w itness, voting, and person al leave not presented separately.
3 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s ; ch em icals and allied products; petroleu m refining and rela ted prod u cts; and e le c t r ic a l m achinery,
sented separately.
4 Data fo r eith er 1962 o r 1959 did not m eet publication c r ite r ia .




H olidays

1962

equipment,

1959

1962

1959

5
5
2
3
0

and supplies industries not p r e ­

vO
Ca

Table 51.

E m p loyer Expenditures for Private W elfare Plans fo r Produ ction and Related W orkers in M anufacturing Industry Establishm ents
With Expenditures fo r the P r a c tice , by R egion and Industry G roup, 1962 and 1959

vO
Os

E m ployer expenditures in establishm ents with expenditures fo r the p ra ctice 1
Cents per plant hour

P ercen t o f straigh t-tim e p ayroll
R egion and industry group

L ife,
accident,
and health
insurance

Private
w elfare
plans 1
2
1962

1959

1962

1959

United States 3 *__________________________________
N ortheast
.... H, H.lB,M
__
South__________________________________________ !
N orth C e n t r a l________________________________
W e s t---------------------------------------------------------------- ;

6. 7
6. 9
6. 0
7. 2
5- 9

6. 0
6. 2
5. 5
6. 3
4 .9

3. 1
3. 1
2.6
3. 4
3. 0

2 .4
2 .4
2. 0
2.6
2 .4

F ood and kindred p r o d u c ts _____________________
T ob a cco m an u factu res._________________________
Textile m ill p r o d u c t s ___________________________
A pparel and other finished textile p r o d u c t s ___
Lum ber and w ood products ____________________
Furniture and fixtu res _________________________
P aper and allied p r o d u c t s ______________________ i
P rintin g, publishing, and a llied indu stries . . . .
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s p ro d u cts__
L eather and leather p rod u cts__________. . . ____—
Stone, cla y , and glass p r o d u c t s _______________
P r im a r y m etal in d u s tr ie s _____________________ _ 1
F a bricated m etal p r o d u c t s --------- ---------------------M achinery, excep t e l e c t r i c a l --------------------------T ran sp ortation equipm ent______________________
Instrum ents and rela ted products ______________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ______

6. 7
9. 8
3. 9
4. 9
4. 5
4. 9
5.9
5 .4
7. 3
4 .0
6. 1
8. 8
7. 3
7. 2
8. 0
8. 4
6. 2

5. 7
6. 3
3. 3
4. 5
3. 1
4. 3
5 .4
4 .6
6 .9
3.8
5.9
7. 2
6. 0
6 .4
6 .4
8. 0
5. 7

3. 1
2.6
1. 9
2. 0
2. 7
2. 7
3. 0
2. 4
3. 8
2. 1
3. 2
4. 2
3. 5
3. 0
3. 7
2. 7
2. 7

2.6
2. 1
1.7
1.6
2. 0
2 .4
2. 3
2. 1
3. 2
1. 8
2 .4
2 .5
2 .8
2 .7
2.6
2. 2
2 .4

!

Pension
and
retirem ent
plans

L iS ,
accident,
and health
insurance

Private
w elfare
plans 2
1959

1962

1959

1962

3. 7
3.6
3.9
3. 8
3. 1

3.8
3. 8
4. 0
3. 8
3.2

16. 8
17. 3
12.6
19.2
16. 8

14. 0
14.4
10.4
16. 0
12.6

7. 8
7 .7
5 .5
9 .2
8 .5

3. 7
6 .9
2. 8
3. 4
3. 0
3. 3
3. 1
3. 1
3. 8
2.7
3. 3
3. 5
3. 8
4. 1
3. 7
4 .2
3. 7

3. 4
4. 3
2.6
3. 2
3. 1
2. 6
3. 0
3. 1
3.7
3. 1
3.9
4. 2
3. 5
3.9
3. 5
4. 2
3.5

16. 3
20. 5
6. 8
8 .6
9 .5
10. 0
14.6
16. 3
18.7
7 .4
15.6
27.6
19. 0
20. 1
23. 5
2 2 .0
13.5

12.6
11. 1
5. 3
7. 3
5 .9
8 .6
12. 1
12.9
16. 5
6. 6
13.4
20. 9
15. 1
17.2
17.4
19.5
11.2

7. 6
5. 5
3 .4
3. 5
5.6
5.6
7 .5
7. 3
9 .7
3 .9
8 .2
13.2
9 .2
8 .4
11. 0
7 .2
5. 8

1962

P ension
and
retirem ent
plans

1959

1962

1959

5.
5.
3.
6.
6.

8
8
8
7
2

9 .9
9. 7
9 .2
10.8
9. 1

9 .7
9 .8
9. 1
10.2
8. 5

5 .9
3.7
2. 8
2. 5
3. 8
4 .6
5 .2
6. 0
7. 8
3. 3
5 .4
7 .4
7. 0
7. 2
7. 1
5. 5
4. 8

10. 0
15. 2
4 .9
6. 3
6 .9
7 .8
8. 1
9 .8
10.9
5. 1
8 .7
11.4
10.6
12. 0
11. 1
11.2
8. 8

8. 3
7 .9
4 .5
6. 0
6. 8
6. 1
7. 0
8. 7
9 .7
5.8
9 .6
13. 0
9 .4
10.6
9.7
10.8
7. 7

1 D etail by p ra ctice does not add to total because the total includes data fo r vacation and holiday funds, severan ce o r d is m is s a l pay and supplem ental unem ploym ent ben efits, and savings
and thrift plans not p resen ted se p a ra te ly; and the base used in computing was changed fo r each of the com ponents.
2 Unlike other private w e lfa re data presented in this rep ort, the total in this table includes yearend, C h ristm as, and other irre g u la r bonu ses.
The 1959 bonus data did not include
paym ents made under plans that w ere p r im a rily pro fit-sh a rin g plans; these payment w ere included in the 1962 data.
3 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s ; ch em icals and allied produ cts; petroleum refining and related prod u cts; and e le c t r ic a l m achinery, equipm ent, and supplies industries n otpresented
separately.




Chapter 9. Composition of Payroll Hours
1962 H o u r s P a id F o r
S u m m a r y . In 1962, p la n t h o u rs c o m p r i s e d 9 4 . 1 p e r c e n t o f a ll h o u rs f o r
w h ic h p r o d u c t io n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s in the m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s r e c e i v e d
p a y . (See c h a r t 9 and ta b le 52. ) T h e r e m a in in g 5. 9 p e r c e n t w a s d iv id e d a m o n g
v a c a t io n s (3. 5 p e r c e n t ) , h o lid a y s (2. 1 p e r c e n t ) , and s i c k , m i li t a r y , j u r y , w it n e s s ,
v o tin g , and p e r s o n a l le a v e .
P la n t h o u r s , as a p r o p o r t i o n o f to ta l p a id h o u r s , w e r e lo w e s t in the
p r i m a r y m e t a l, in s t r u m e n t s , t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t, e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t, and
p a p e r in d u s t r ie s and h ig h e s t in the a p p a r e l, t e x t il e , fu r n it u r e , and lu m b e r i n ­
d u s t r ie s , a m on g th o s e f o r w h ic h d ata w e r e a v a ila b le .
C o n v e r s e l y , le a v e h o u r s
c o m p r i s e d a l a r g e r p o r t io n o f to ta l p a id h o u r s in the in d u s tr y g r o u p s in w h ic h
p la n t h o u rs w e r e lo w e s t .
L e a v e h o u r s w e r e a h ig h e r p r o p o r t i o n o f to ta l p a id h o u r s in the N o r t h ­
e a s t and N o rth C e n tr a l r e g io n s than th e y w e r e in the S ou th w h e r e p la n t h o u r s , as
a r e l a t iv e , w e r e h ig h e r than in the o th e r r e g io n s .
In g e n e r a l, p la n t h o u rs as a p r o p o r t i o n o f to ta l p a id h o u r s te n d e d to d e ­
c r e a s e and le a v e h o u r s i n c r e a s e as e s t a b lis h m e n t s iz e i n c r e a s e d (ta b le 5 3 ); p la n t
h o u r s a ls o te n d e d to b e lo w e r and le a v e h o u r s h ig h e r in u n io n iz e d p la n ts than in
th o s e in w h ic h n on e o r a m i n o r i t y o f the p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s w e r e c o v e r e d b y
c o l l e c t i v e l y b a r g a in e d a g r e e m e n t s (ta b le 5 4 ).
P a id L e a v e H o u r s . A b o u t 95 p e r c e n t o f a ll p a id le a v e h o u r s in m a n u fa c ­
tu rin g in d u s t r ie s ’ c o n s i s t e d o f l e is u r e t im e ; v a c a t io n s a c c o u n te d f o r a lm o s t t h r e e fifth s and h o lid a y s a c c o u n te d f o r s lig h t ly l e s s than t w o - f if t h s .
T h e o th e r 5 p e r ­
c e n t w a s c o m p r i s e d o f s i c k , m i li t a r y , j u r y , w i t n e s s , v o t in g , and p e r s o n a l le a v e .
L e a v e h o u r s r a n g e d f r o m 4 to 9 p e r c e n t o f a ll p a id h o u r s in p la n ts e m ­
p lo y in g t w o - t h ir d s o f the p r o d u c t io n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s in the m a n u fa c tu r in g i n ­
d u s t r ie s (ta b le 55) and a lm o s t h a lf o f th e s e w o r k e r s w e r e e m p lo y e d b y p la n ts in
w h ic h le a v e h o u r s r a n g e d f r o m 6 to 8 p e r c e n t o f to ta l p a id h o u r s , and a bou t o n e th ir d w o r k e d f o r p la n ts in w h ic h le a v e h o u r s a m o u n te d to 8 p e r c e n t o r m o r e .
A m o n g the in d u s t r ie s f o r w h ic h d a ta w e r e a v a ila b le , le a v e h o u r s w e r e
h ig h e s t, as a p r o p o r t i o n o f to ta l p a id h o u r s , in the p r i m a r y m e t a l, in s t r u m e n t s ,
t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t, p a p e r , e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t, p r in t in g , r u b b e r , and m a ­
c h in e r y in d u s t r ie s . A m o n g th e s e in d u s t r i e s , a p p r o x im a t e ly t w o - t h ir d s o f the p r o ­
d u c tio n w o r k e r s o r m o r e w e r e e m p lo y e d b y p la n ts in w h ic h le a v e h o u r s c o m ­
p r i s e d 6 p e r c e n t o r m o r e o f a ll p a id h o u r s .
In the p r i m a r y m e t a l and r u b b e r
i n d u s t r i e s , m o r e than t w o - f if t h s o f the w o r k e r s , and in the p a p e r , p r in t in g , e l e c ­
t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t, and in s tr u m e n ts in d u s t r ie s m o r e than
o n e - f i f t h o f the w o r k e r s w e r e e m p lo y e d b y p la n ts in w h ic h le a v e h o u rs c o m p r i s e d
8 p e r c e n t o r m o r e o f a ll p a id h o u r s .
V a c a tio n s .
o f a ll 1962 h o u r s f o r
and 6 0 ).
T h is r a t io
p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t,




V a c a t io n h o u r s in a ll m a n u fa c tu r in g c o m p r i s e d 3 .5 p e r c e n t
w h ic h p r o d u c t io n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s w e r e p a id (ta b le s 52
w a s s u b s ta n tia lly e x c e e d e d in the p r in t in g , r u b b e r , t r a n s ­
p a p e r , and p r i m a r y m e t a l in d u s t r ie s a m o n g th o s e f o r w h ic h

97

98

Chart 9. Production and Related Workers’ Plant
and Paid Leave Hours As A Proportion of Total Hours
Paid For, by Manufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P ER C EN T

0
P rim a ry

20

40

60

m e t a l s ------------------- *--------

I n s t r u m e n t s ---------------------------------T ra n sp o rta tio n

e q u ip m e n t

—

E l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t -----------------Paper

----------------------------------------------

P r i n t i n g --------------------------------- — —
R u b b e r ---------------------------------------------M a c h in e ry
F a b ric a te d
ALL

m etals

----------- *--------

M A N U F A C T U R IN G

-!/

F o o d -----------------------------------------------Tobacco
Stone,

c l a y & g l a s s -------------------

M isc e lla n e o u s

m a n u fa ctu rin g

Leather
F u r n i t u r e --------------------------------------

T e x t i l e s -----------------------------------------Apparel

L u m b e r -----------------------------------------

P la n t

V

In c lu d e s




hours

in d u strie s

P a id

not show n

se p a rate ly.

le a v e h o u r s

80

100

99

data w e r e a v a ila b le ; the r a t io s in the t e x t il e , a p p a r e l, l u m b e r , fu r n it u r e , le a t h e r ,
and m i s c e ll a n e o u s m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s w e r e s u b s t a n t ia lly l o w e r .
O n the a v ­
e r a g e , v a c a t io n s h o u r s , in th e s e in d u s t r ie s as in a ll o f the o t h e r s s tu d ie d , i n ­
c r e a s e d as a p r o p o r t i o n o f to ta l p a id h o u r s as e s t a b lis h m e n t s i z e i n c r e a s e d , and
w e r e g r e a t e r , r e la t iv e to t o ta l h o u r s , in u n io n p la n ts than in th o s e in w h ic h a
m i n o r i t y o r n on e o f the p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s w e r e c o v e r e d b y c o l l e c t i v e l y b a r ­
g a in e d a g r e e m e n t s (ta b le s 53 and 5 4 ).
B y r e g io n , the h ig h e s t r a t io o f v a c a t io n
to to ta l p a id h o u r s w a s fo u n d in the N o r th C e n t r a l, and the l o w e s t in the S ou th .
N in e t y - f o u r p e r c e n t o f a ll p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s in a ll m a n u fa c tu r in g w e r e
e m p lo y e d b y p la n ts that p a id f o r v a c a t i o n s .
H o w e v e r , in 1962, o n ly 78 p e r c e n t
a c t u a lly r e c e i v e d v a c a t io n p a y (ta b le s 56 and 5 9 ).
T w o w e e k s w a s the u s u a l v a c a t io n p e r i o d . L e s s than 2 w e e k s , h o w e v e r ,
w a s p r e v a le n t in the t e x t il e , a p p a r e l, l e a t h e r , and fu r n it u r e in d u s t r i e s ; and 3 w e e k s
o r m o r e w a s ju s t as p r e v a le n t o r m o r e in the p a p e r , p r in t in g , r u b b e r , and p r i ­
m a r y m e t a l in d u s t r ie s than 2 to 3 w e e k s (ta b le 5 9 ).
V a c a t io n h o u r s r a n g e d f r o m l e s s than 1 to 8 p e r c e n t o r m o r e o f a ll p a id
h o u r s , and a b ou t 72 p e r c e n t o f the m a n u fa c tu r in g p r o d u c t io n f o r c e w a s e m p lo y e d
b y p la n ts in w h ic h v a c a t io n h o u r s c o m p r i s e d b e tw e e n 2 and 6 p e r c e n t o f a ll p a id
h o u r s , and a p p r o x im a t e ly a n o th e r 7 p e r c e n t w o r k e d f o r p la n ts in w h ic h v a c a t io n
h o u rs c o m p r i s e d 6 p e r c e n t o r m o r e o f to ta l 1962 h o u r s p a id f o r .
A m o n g th o s e
w o r k e r s w h o a c t u a lly r e c e i v e d v a c a t io n p a y d i r e c t l y f r o m t h e ir e m p l o y e r , a b ou t
t w o - f if t h s r e c e i v e d f r o m 2 to 3 w e e k s o f v a c a t io n p a y ; o n e - f o u r t h r e c e i v e d p a y
f o r 3 w e e k s o r l o n g e r ; and the o t h e r w o r k e r s w e r e p a id f o r l e s s than 2 w e e k s o f
v a c a t io n . In e q u iv a le n t t e r m s , th o s e w o r k e r s w h o w e r e p a id f o r 2 to 3 w e e k s o f
v a c a t io n r e c e i v e d s u c h p a y f o r a b ou t 4 to 6 p e r c e n t o f t h e ir 1962 p a id h o u r s ;
th o s e w h o w e r e p a id f o r v a c a t io n s o f 3 w e e k s o r m o r e r e c e i v e d th is p a y f o r
6 p e r c e n t o r m o r e o f a ll t h e ir 1962 p a id h o u r s .
H o li d a y s .
H o lid a y h o u r s in a ll m a n u fa c tu r in g c o m p r i s e d 2 . 1 p e r c e n t o f
a ll h o u r s f o r w h ic h p r o d u c t io n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s w e r e p a id .
H o lid a y h o u r s ,
as a r a t io o f t o ta l p a id h o u r s , w e r e h ig h e s t , a m o n g the in d u s t r ie s f o r w h ic h i n ­
fo r m a t io n is a v a ila b le , in the e l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t, and
in s tr u m e n t i n d u s t r i e s , and l o w e s t in the t e x t il e , a p p a r e l, and lu m b e r i n d u s t r i e s .
In g e n e r a l , h o lid a y h o u r s te n d e d to i n c r e a s e as a p e r c e n t o f to ta l p a id
h o u r s as e s t a b lis h m e n t s i z e i n c r e a s e d and w e r e h ig h e r in u n io n iz e d p la n ts than
in n on u n ion p la n t s .
In the t e x t ile in d u s t r y g r o u p , h o w e v e r , the l a r g e s t s i z e e s ­
ta b lis h m e n ts te n d e d to h ave a l o w e r r a t io o f h o lid a y to t o ta l h o u r s than d id the
s m a l le r u n its .
T h e l a r g e r u n its in th is in d u s t r y w e r e p r e d o m in a n t ly n o n u n io n ,
w h e r e a s the l a r g e r s i z e u n its in the o t h e r in d u s t r ie s s tu d ie d w e r e h ig h ly u n io n iz e d .
In 1 96 2, m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r y e s t a b lis h m e n t s u s u a lly p r o v i d e d 6 , 7 , o r
8 p a id h o lid a y s f o r t h e ir p r o d u c t io n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s (ta b le 5 8 ).
The la r g e s t
c o n c e n t r a t io n o f w o r k e r s , 33 p e r c e n t , w e r e e m p lo y e d b y plaints that s c h e d u le d
7 d a y s ; the n e x t l a r g e s t g r o u p , 18 p e r c e n t , w o r k e d f o r p la n ts w ith 6 p a id h o lid a y s ;
and the la s t m a jo r g r o u p , 17 p e r c e n t , w e r e e m p lo y e d b y e s t a b lis h m e n t s th at p r o ­
v id e d 8 p a id h o lid a y s .
T h e f o o d , r u b b e r , and e l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y i n d u s t r i e s , a m o n g th o s e f o r
w h ic h 1962 d a ta a r e a v a ila b le , h ad the l a r g e s t c o n c e n t r a t io n s o f w o r k e r s in p la n ts
that s c h e d u le d 8 h o lid a y s o r m o r e .
On the o th e r h an d , the t e x t il e , a p p a r e l, and
lu m b e r i n d u s t r i e s , in a d d itio n to h a v in g la r g e g r o u p s o f w o r k e r s in p la n ts w ith
no p a id h o lid a y s , had the l a r g e s t c l u s t e r s o f w o r k e r s in p la n ts th at s c h e d u le d
f e w e r than 5 h o lid a y s .



100

About tw o-fifths of the w ork ers in the N ortheast, and slightly m ore than
on e-th ird in the W est, w orked for plants that scheduled 8 paid holidays o r m o re .
In the South, about on e-fifth of the w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants that sch e d ­
uled 5 holidays or few er.
S im ila rly, holiday hours as a p ercen t of total hours
w ere highest in the N ortheast and low est in the South.
About 54 p ercen t of the production and rela ted w ork ers w ere em ployed
by manufacturing plants in which paid holiday hours co m p rise d about 2 to 3 percen t
o f all hours paid fo r ; and about 15 percen t o f the w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants
in which paid holiday hours amounted to 3 p ercen t or m o re .
Sick and Other Paid L ea v e. Paid sick , m ilita ry , ju ry , w itness, voting,
and person al leave com p rised about 0. 3 percent of all 1962 hours fo r which p r o ­
duction and related w ork ers w ere paid or about 5 percen t of all paid leave hours.
About fiv e -s ix th s o f these hours w ere fo r sick lea ve, and the rem aining on e-sixth
was fo r the other leave hours.
In seven in du stries, among those for which data w ere available, sick
leave hours amounted to m ore than 0. 1 percen t o f all 1962 hours paid for (table
52).
These industries w ere instrum ents, transportation equipment, e le c tr ic a l
m achinery, printing, tob a cco, n on electrica l m a ch in ery, and food.
Only five
industries had m iscellan eou s leave hours amounting to 0. 1 percen t of all hours
paid fo r in 1962.
These five industries w ere paper, rubber, e le c tr ic a l m achin­
e ry , n o n electrica l m achinery, and instrum ents.
About 25 percent o f the production and related w ork ers in all m anufac­
turing w ere em ployed by plants that had expenditures fo r sick lea ve; th ree-fifth s
o f these w ork ers w ere em ployed by establishm ents with a sick -le a v e to tota lpaid-h ou rs ratio o f 1 percen t o r le s s , and about one-eighth w orked fo r esta b lish ­
ments with a ratio o f 2 percen t o r m ore.
Among the industries for w hich data
w ere available, only the instrum ents group had 10 p ercen t or m ore of its p r o ­
duction w ork ers in establishm ents with a sick -le a v e to tota l-p aid -h ou rs ratio of
2 percen t or m ore.
A lm ost tw o-fifth s of all production and related w ork ers in all m anufac­
turing industries w ere in establishm ents with som e type of paid m iscellan eou s
leave.
V irtually all o f these w ork ers w ere in establishm ents with a ratio o f
m iscellan eou s paid leave hours amounting to 0. 1 percen t or le ss o f all hours
paid for in 1962.
Both paid m iscellan eou s leave and sick leave hours in crea sed , as a p r o ­
portion o f total paid hours as establishm ent size in cre a se d , and w ere a grea ter
p rop ortion of total hours paid fo r in union plants than in nonunion plants.
1962—59 C om parison
A ll M anufacturing. Plant hours co m p rise d the sam e prop ortion (94. 1)
o f the hours for w hich production and related w ork ers w ere paid in 1962 and
1959; the rem aining 5 .9 p ercen t w ere leave hours.
Leave hours in both years
con sisted p rim a rily o f vacations and holidays— alm ost th ree-fifth s and tw o-fifth s,
resp e ctiv e ly . (See chart 10 and table 60. ) Sick, m ilita ry , ju ry , w itn ess, voting,
and p erson al leave accounted fo r le ss than 0. 25 percen t o f total paid hours in
both y ea rs.
These ratios w ere virtu a lly the sam e as in 1958 when plant hours a c ­
counted fo r 94 p ercen t and leave hours 6 percen t of all hours paid f o r . 40
40 See Composition of Payroll Hours in Manufacturing. 1958 (BLS Bulletin 1283, 1960), p. 11.




101

Chart 10. Production and Related Workers’ Paid Leave
Hours As A Percent of Total Hours Paid For,
Manufacturing Industries, 1958, 1959, and 1962

Percent

0

I

2

3

4

5

6

1962

1959

1958




Holidays

Vacation

Sick,

m ilitary,

witness,

jury,

voting,

and

personal

leave

102

P aid vacation hours in all m anufacturing in crea sed as a p rop ortion
hours paid fo r between 1959 and 1962; holiday leave hours d ecrea sed and
o f sick and other paid leave w ere approxim ately the sam e in both y ea rs.
1962 hours are com p a red with those of 1958, vacation leave hours showed
cline in relation to total hours paid fo r . 41

o f all
hours
When
a de­

Between 1959 and 1962, all regions except the North C entral, had an in ­
cre a s e in the ratio o f paid leave to total hours paid fo r .
The d ecrea se in the
North Central region was p rim a rily due to a decline in vacation hours relative
to total hours paid fo r in 1962, which m ay be attributed to a decline in vacation
hours in the p rim a ry m etal and m achinery industry plants in this region as a r e l ­
ative o f total hours paid fo r in 1962.
A sim ila r drop in leave hours between
1958 and 1959 was found in the North Central region.
Some shifting in the relative im portance o f paid leave to plant hours,
between 1959 and 1962, and o f different types o f leave to total leave hours was
noted within the in d u stries, by establishm ent s iz e , and by union status.
In gen ­
e ra l, h ow ever, production and related w ork ers em ployed by la rg e r or unionized
establishm ents spent le ss paid tim e, relative to total paid h ou rs, in the plant
than did w ork ers em ployed by sm a ller establishm ents o r in nonunion plants
(tables 61 and 62). S im ila rly, in either year those w ork ers em ployed by esta b ­
lishm ents in the N ortheast and North Central regions spent few er hours in the
plant relative to hours o f paid leave than did those in the other reg ion s; w ork ers
in the South r e c e iv e d le ss leave p er hour spent in the plant than w ork ers in the
other reg ion s.
Industry and Establishm ent C h a ra cte r is tics .
Plant and leave hours in
1962 w ere the sam e p ercen t of total paid hours as in 1959 in the food and lum ber
in du stries. Am ong the other industry groups fo r w hich both 1962 and 1959 data
are available, plant hours co m p rised a g rea ter, and leave hours a sm a ller part
o f total paid hours in six industry groups— apparel, furniture, leath er, p r i ­
m a ry m etal, m a ch in ery, and transportation equipm ent; and leave hours w ere a
grea ter and plant hours a le s s e r part o f total paid hours in the other nine in ­
dustry groups studied.
In relation to total paid hours, plant hours by size of establishm ent in
all m anufacturing d e cre a se d , and leave hours in cre a se d , in both 1962 and 1959.
In 1962, leave hours in each o f the three size groups studied constituted a greater
p rop ortion o f total paid hours than in 1959. The sam e trends w ere ob serv ed in
m ost o f the industry groups fo r which data w ere available in both y ea rs.
H ow­
e v e r, among establishm ents with 500 em ployee o r m o re , plant hours in crea sed
relative to leave hours in the food , textile, apparel, leath er, p rim a ry m etal,
transportation equipm ent, and m iscellan eou s manufacturing industries.
Among
these in d u stries, the sam e type o f m ovem ent was found in establishm ents with
100 to 500 em p loyees in the apparel and p rim a ry m etal in du stries; and in esta b ­
lishm ents with few er than 100 em p loy ees, in the leather and m iscellan eou s m an­
ufacturing in du stries.
U nionized plants in all o f the industry groups studied in 1962 and 1959
had a g rea ter p rop ortion of leave to working hours than nonunion plants.
Among
the unionized plants, only those production and related w ork ers em ployed in the
leath er and p rim a ry m etal industries spent a higher p rop ortion o f their hours paid
fo r in the plant during 1962 than in 1959.
W orkers in establishm ents in the apa re l, lu m ber, p a per, transportation equipment, and instrum ent industries in which
none o r a m in ority o f the production and related w ork ers w ere co v e re d by c o l l e c ­
tively bargained agreem ents spent a grea ter part of their paid hours in the plant
in 1962 than in 1959.
41 Ibid.




103
Changes in hours ratios by industry resu lt from a v a riety of fa c to r s,
among which are changes in c o lle c tiv e ly bargained agreem en ts, overtim e hours
w orked, com p osition o f the w ork fo r c e , and other fa cto r s.
The changes noted,
th e re fo re , are not indicative o f m ore stringent leave p o lic ie s .
In fa ct, the data
tend to indicate a lib era liza tion o f leave p r a c tic e s.
F or exam ple, in the manu­
facturing in d u stries, the m ost usual vacation p eriod fo r production and related
w ork ers in both 1962 and 1959 was 2 w eeks.
Between the y e a r s , how ever, there
was som e shifting in the distribution. F orty -tw o percen t o f those receivin g v a ­
cations in 1962 w ere paid for 2 w eeks; in 1959, alm ost 46 percen t re ce iv e d
2 week vacation s.
The differen ce in these ratios is re fle cte d in the grea ter
prop ortion of those receivin g 3 weeks or m ore o f vacation pay in 1962— about
26 percen t (table 59) as contrasted to about 23 percen t in 1959.
In both 1962 and 1959, 7 paid holidays was the m ost usual schedule fo r
production and related w ork ers.
In 1962, how ever, alm ost on e-fou rth o f the
w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants that scheduled 8 holidays o r m o re ; in 1959 the
ratio was about on e-sixth .
Plants providing 8 paid holidays o r m o re , in each of the industries
studied, excep t tex tiles, leath er, and instrum ents, em ployed a greater prop ortion
o f the production fo r c e in 1962 than in 1959.
The m ost pronounced shift, r e ­
sulting fro m negotiated con tract changes, was found in the rubber industry.
In
1962, about 54 p ercen t o f the rubber w ork ers w ere em ployed by plants that p r o ­
vided 8 paid holidays or m o re ; in 1959> only about 7 percen t w orked fo r plants
that scheduled as many as 8 holidays.




D istribution o f Paid Hours fo r P rodu ction and R elated W ork ers in the
Manufacturing Industries, by Region and Industry G roup, 1962

104

Table 52.

P e rce n t o f hours paid fo r
R egion and industry group
T otal

Plant
hours

P aid leave hours 1
A ll1
2

Vacation

H oliday

Sick

United States 3________ ____
_ __ ....
N o r t h e a s t ____ ____ _
S o u th _____
N orth C e n tr a l_______________________________
W e s t----------------------------------------------------------------

100.
100.
100.
100.
100.

0
0
0
0
0

94. 1
93.7
9 5.4
93.7
9 4 .0

5 .9
6. 3
4 .6
6. 3
6. 0

3. 5
3.6
2. 9
3. 7
3. 3

2. 1
2. 5
1. 4
2. 3
2 .2

0. 2
.3
.2
.2
.4

F ood and kindred p r o d u c ts ____________________
T o b a c co m a n u fa ctu re s..____ _______________ ____
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ________________ _______ — ^
A p parel and other fin ish ed textile products ___
L um ber and w ood p r o d u c t s _________________ . . .
Furniture and fixtu res _
. _____
P a per and allied produ cts __
. . . . . .
P rin tin g, publishing, and allied in d u strie s..__
Rubber and m isce lla n e o u s pla stics p ro d u c ts ...
Leath er and leather p ro d u cts__________________
Stone, cla y , and glass products
_ _
P r im a r y m etal in d u s tr ie s ___________________ . . .
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s _____________________
M achinery, exce p t e le c t r ic a l _
E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies_____________
T ran sp ortation equipm ent
Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c ts ___________ . . .
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ___ . . .

100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

9 4.2
94. 3
96. 3
9 6.6
97. 1
95.6
9 3.2
93. 3
93. 3
94. 9
94. 3
92 .9
94. 0
9 3.7

5. 8
5 .7
3.7
3 .4
2. 9
4 .4
6 .8
6 .7
6. 7
5. 1
5. 7
7. 1
6. 0
6. 3

3 .4
3. 3
2 .7
1.8
1. 8
2 .6
4. 2
4. 0
4 .0
2. 9
3.6
4 .6
3.5
3.6

1. 9
2. 1
.9
1.6
1. 1
1. 8
2 .4
2 .4
2 .4
2. 2
2. 0
2 .4
2 .4
2 .4

(4 )
(4 )
M
.l
. l
.3
. 1
(4 )
. 1
(4 )
. 1
.3

100.
100.
100.
100.

0
0
0
0

9 3.2
93. 1
93. 0
94.7

6 .8
6 .9
7. 0
5. 3

3.7
4. 0
3. 8
2 .9

2 .6
2. 5
2 .6
2. 3

.4
.4
.5
. 1

.4
.3

1
Includes only leave hours fo r w hich the em ployer made a d ir e ct paym ent to the w o rk e r.
H ours o f leave tim e w hich w ere paid fo r by
e m p loy er contribu tions to funds are excluded.
Includes m ilita ry , ju ry , w itness, voting, and pe rso n a l leave hours not p resen ted separately.
3 Includes the ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , chem icals and allied p rod u cts, and p etroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not p r e ­
sented s ep arately.
4 L e s s them 0 . 0 5 percen t.
NOTE: B ecau se o f rounding, sums o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.




T able 53.

Plant Hours and Paid Leave Hoqrs As A P ercen t o f Total Paid Hours fo r P rodu ction and R elated W orkers in the M anufacturing Industries,
by Establishm ent Size Group, Region, and Industry Group, 1962
P ercen t of hours paid fo r
Paid leave hours 1
Plant hours
T otal 1
2

R egion and industry group

V acation

Holiday

Establish:ment size
Under 100
100-499
em ployees em ployees

— m —
em ployees
o r m ore

Under 100
100-499
em ployees em ployees

-------500------Under 100
100-499
em ployees
em ployees em ployees
o r m o re

500
em ployees
o r m ore

Under 100
em ployees

100-499
em ployees

§00
em ployees
or m ore

United States 3 -----------------------------------------------------N ortheast--------------------------------------------------------S o u th ---------------------------------------------------------------North C e n tr a l-------------------------------------------------W e s t -----------------------------------------------------------------

95 .8
9 5 .7
9 6 .9
95. 5
9 5 .6

9 4 .4
9 3 .6
96. 1
9 3 .9
94 .1

9 2.8
9 2 .2
9 4 .0
9 2.8
92. 4

4. 2
4. 3
3. 1
4. 5
4 .4

5 .6
6 .4
3 .9
6. 1
5 .9

7. 2
7 .8
6 .0
7. 2
7. 6

2. 3
2. 2
1.8
2. 6
2. 4

3. 3
3 .5
2. 5
3 .6
3. 5

4. 3
4 .6
3.9
4. 4
4. 1

1. 7
1.9
1. 1
1.8
1.8

2.1
2. 5
1. 3
2 .4
2. 2

2. 4
2 .8
1.7
2. 5
2 .6

F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s --------------------------------T o b a c co m a n u fa c tu r e s ---------------------------------------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------------A p parel and other finished te xtile p r o d u c ts -----L u m ber and w ood p r o d u c t s -------------------------------F u rn iture and fix t u r e s ----------------------------------------P aper and a llied p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------Printin g, publishing, and allied i n d u s t r ie s -----Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tics products —
L eather and leath er p r o d u c ts --------------------------—
Stone, cla y , and gla ss p r o d u c t s -----------------------P rim a ry m etal in d u s t r ie s ----------------------------------F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s --------------------------------M achinery, except e l e c t r i c a l ---------------------------E le c tr ic a l m achinery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies--------------------------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation eq u ip m en t----------------------------------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s -------------------- M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s -----------

9 5 .9
(4)
9 6 .6
9 7 .4
98.1
9 5 .9
94. 7
94. 3
9 6 .3
95. 4
9 6 .2
9 4 .6
95.1
9 5 .5

94. 0
9 5 .4
9 5 .9
96 .1
9 6 .2
96. 0
93. 4
9 2 .7
9 3 .8
9 4 .7
94. 0
9 3 .8
9 3 .8
93. 7

92. 1
9 3 .4
9 6 .4
95.1
(4)
9 4 .0
92. 4
9 2 .2
9 1 .7
94. 7
9 2 .7
9 2 .4
9 2.9
9 2 .3

4. 1
(4)
3. 4
2 .6
1.9
4. 1
5. 3
5 .7
3.7
4 .6
3 .8
5 .4
4 .9
4. 5

6. 0
4 .6
4. 1
3.9
3.8
4. 0
6 .6
7. 3
6. 2
5. 3
6 .0
6. 2
6. 2
6. 3

7 .9
6 .6
3. 6
4 .9
(4)
6. 0
7 .6
7 .8
8. 3
5. 3
7. 3
7. 6
7. 1
7. 7

2. 5
(4)
2. 0
1. 1
1. 1
2. 2
2 .9
3 .3
2. 0
2. 5
2. 3
3. 1
2.8
2. 4

3. 5
2. 7
2 .9
2. 1
2. 4
2. 3
4. 0
4. 3
3 .4
3. 0
3.8
3. 7
3 .7
3. 5

4. 7
3.8
2.9
2 .9
(4)
3.8
4 .9
4 .9
5. 3
3. 1
4. 7
5. 1
4. 4
4. 5

1. 4
(4)
1. 3
1. 4
.8
1. 8
2. 3
2. 2
1.6
2. 0
1. 4
2. 2
2. 1
2. 0

2. 1
1.7
1.2
1.7
1.3
1.6
2. 5
2.6
2. 5
2. 3
2.2
2 .4
2. 5
2 .4

2 .5
2. 5
.6
2. 0
(4)
2. 1
2. 4
2. 5
2.8
2. 2
2. 5
2. 4
2 .6
2. 7

9 5 .3
94. 7
94. 2
95.8

9 3 .5
9 3 .9
9 3 .7
9 3 .9

92 .8
92 .8
9 2 .0
94. 0

4. 7
5. 3
5.8
4. 2

6.
6.
6.
6.

7.
7.
8.
6.

2.
3.
3.
2.

3.
3.
3.
3.

4.
4.
4.
3.

2. 2
2. 0
2. 3
1.8

2.6
2. 5
2.6
2.6

2. 7
2 .6
2.8
2 .5

1
2
3
4

Includes
Includes
Includes
Data do

5
1
3
1

2
2
0
0

4
1
0
2

5
4
3
3

0
2
5
4

only leave hours fo r which the em ployer made a d ire ct payment to the w o rk e r. H ours o f leave tim e w hich w ere paid fo r by em ployer contributions to funds are excluded.
sick , m ilita ry , ju ry, w itness, voting, and p erson al leave hours not p resented separately.
the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and allied p rodu cts, and p etroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not presented separately.
not m eet publication c r ite r ia .




Plant Hours and Paid Leave Hours As A P e rce n t o f T otal Paid Hours fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers in the
M anufacturing Industries, by Union Status, Region, and Industry G roup, 1962

106

T able 54.

P e rce n t o f hours paid fo r
Paid leave hours 1
Plant hours
T o ta l2

Region and industry group

Vacation

Holiday

Union status o f establishm ents 3
M ajority
covered

None o r
m in ority co ve re d

M ajority
covered

None o r
m in o rity co ve re d

M ajority
co v e re d

None o r
m in ority covered

M ajority
covered

None o r
m in ority covered

United States 4 ----------------------------------------------------N orth ea st--------------------------------------------------------South --------------------------------------------------------------N orth C e n tr a l------------------------------------------------W e s t ----------------------------------------------------------------

93. 1
93. 1
9 3.0
93. 1
9 3.2

95.7
94. 7
97.0
95.2
95.5

6.9
6.9
7.0
6.9
6 .8

4. 3
5 .3
3 .0
4 .8
4. 5

4.
4.
4.
4.
3.

1
0
2
2
8

2. 5
2 .8
2 .0
2. 6
2 .4

2. 5
2. 6
2. 3
2 .4
2 .5

1.6
2. 1
.8
1.9
1.7

F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s --------------------------------T ob a cco m an u factu res---------------------------------------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------A p parel and other finished textile produ cts — L um ber and wood p r o d u c ts — ----------------------------F u rniture and fix tu r e s —----------------------------------- —
P aper and allied p r o d u c t s ---------------------- — -----—
Printin g, publishing, and allied in d u strie s— —
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s produ cts —
L eather and leather p r o d u c ts -------------------------- —
Stone, cla y, and glass p r o d u c t s ------------ —------—
P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ---------------------- ----------F a bricated m etal p r o d u c t s --------------------------------M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l----------------------------E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
s u p p lies-------------------------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ip m en t---------------------------------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s --------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ----------

92. 8
93.9
94. 7
95. 8
9 5.0
93.9
92.9
92.3
9 2 .4
94. 2
93.3
9 2.5
9 3.4
92 .9

96.4
(5)
96.9
97.3
98.4
97.0
94. 7
94. 6
95.4
95.6
96.8
94.6
95.2
94.4

7. 2
6.1
5. 3
4. 2
5 .0
6. 1
7. 1
7. 7
7. 6
5. 8
6. 7
7. 5
6 .6
7. 1

3. 6
(5)
3. 1
2. 7
1. 6
3. 0
5 .3
5 .4
4. 6
4 .4
3. 2
5-. 4
4. 8
5. 6

4. 2
3. 4
3. 3
2. 1
3 .0
3. 6
4. 5
4. 7
4. 7
3. 2
4. 2
5 .0
3 .9
4. 3

2. 2
(5)
2. 5
1.5
1. 0
1. 8
2 .9
3. 0
2. 5
2. 5
1.9
3. 1
2. 8
2 .9

2 .4
2 .4
1.8
2. 1
2 .0
2 .5
2 .5
2. 6
2. 7
2 .5
2 .4
2. 5
2. 6
2. 6

1. 1
(5)
.6
1.2
.5
1.2
2. 1
2. 1
1.9
1. 8
1. 2
2. 1
1.9
2. 2

92 .9
92. 8
92.3
9 3 .7

93.9
94.4
93.5
95.5

7.
7.
7.
6.

6.
5.
6.
4.

4 .0
4. 2
4. 2
3 .4

3 .0
3. 0
3. 5
2. 5

2. 7
2. 6
3 .0
2 .8

2. 5
2. 1
2 .4
1.9

1
2
7
3

1
6
5
5

Includes only leave hours fo r w hich the em ployer m ade a d ire ct payment to the w ork er.
Hours o f leave tim e which w e re paid fo r by em ployer contributions to funds are excluded.
2 Includes s ic k , m ilita r y , ju r y , w itn ess, voting, and personal leave hours not presented separately.
3 Data rela te to produ ction and related w ork ers only.
4 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , chem icals and allied products, and petroleu m refining and related products industries not presented separately.
5 Data do not m eet p ub lication c r ite r ia .




Table 55.

D istribution o f P rodu ction and R elated W orkers by P aid Leave Hours As A P e rce n t of
Total P aid H ours, by R egion and M anufacturing Industry G roup, 1962
P e rce n t o f production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—

R eg ion and industry group

W orkers
in all
No
establish­ paid
ments
leave
(percent) hours

P aid leave hours 1
A s a p e rce n t o f total hours paid for
A ll

United States 1
2 __________________________________
Nor the as t
____________________________ ,
S o u th _________________________________ , ______
_______________ ____
N orth C e n tr a l____
W est
_________ _ ___________
_
. __ _

100
100
100
100
100

4
4
9
1
5

96
96
91
99
95

F ood and kindred p r o d u c ts ____ __ _ _ _ _ _
T o b a cco m a n u fa c tu r e s __________________ ______
T extile m ill p r o d u c t s _______________________ ___
A p parel and oth er fin ish ed textile products . . . .
L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s
_ _____
F u rniture and fix tu res _____________________ ____
P a per and a llied p r o d u c t s _______________ _____ _
P rin tin g, publishing, and allied in d u s t r ie s ----Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s p ro d u c ts ...
Leather and leath er p ro d u cts __________________
Stone, c la y , and g la ss produ cts ____
,
P r im a r v m etal industries
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s ___ ________________ _
M ach in ery, ex cep t e le c t r ic a l _______ ________
E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
supplies
_
_.
...
.........
T ran sp ortation equipm ent ............. . .
.
Instrum ents and rela ted products . _
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ..____

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

4
6
5
17
26
8
(3)
1
1
2
4
(3)
1
1

96
94
95
83
74
92
99
99
99
98
96

100
100
100
100

(3)
1
(3)
6

99
99
99
99
99

Under
1

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
3

3
and
under
4

and
under
5

5
and
tinder
6

6
and
under
7

and
under
8

S
and
under
9

9
and
under
10

10
and
under
11

11
and
under
12

12
and
under
13

1
4
(3)

4
2
9
3
5

6
5
12
3
5

8
7
14
5
5

10
9
9
12
11

14
12
8
17
19

16
18
10
20
12

15
17
8
17
16

11
13
7
13
11

5
7
3
5
5

3
4
3
2
2

1
1
1

1
1

9
12
14
11
16
13
14
14
16
16
12
15
16
11

11
27
5
14
7
8
20
19
16
19
20
16
21
25

10
15
3
3
3
11
28
20
9
15
14
16
18

11
3
2
(3)
1
2
17
19
21
2
15
23
12

8
1
(3)

5
9
(3 )
1
(3)
3
2
4
5
(3)

2

1

_
_
_
2

_
1

1
1
(3)
(3)

1

_

(3)
(3)

(3)

22

9

17
15
13
18

16
24
17

26
17
28
12

17
16
10
4

2
5
1
3
8
1
0

(3)
1
2
2

(3)
1
0
(3)

99
94

8
4
16
19
8
15
1
5
2
5
5

1
(3 )
1

2

2

1
1
2
3

10
4
14
7
12
9
2
1
6
3
6
1
3
1

2

3
4
1
1
4

8
7
24
15
8
12
3
2
6
14
7
4
5
10
3
4
5
12

4

n
7
15
9
11
13
8
8
4
19
8
6
16
8
10
8

10
17

22

1

.
2
4
5
14
2
5
17
3
6

B ecau se o f rounding, sums o f individual item s m ay not equal totals,




1
2
1

(3)
1

(3)
1
(3)

3

(3)

_

_

(3)

(3)
3)
(3)

1
(s )

(3)
(3)

4
7

2
6

1

_

_

2
2

7
(3 )

(3)
(3)

(3)

2

(»)
2

In c lu d e s o n ly le a v e h o u r s fo r w h ich the e m p l o y e r m ad e a d i r e c t p a y m e n t to the w o r k e r .
H o u r s o f le a v e t im e w h ic h w e r e p a id f o r b y e m p l o y e r c o n tr ib u tio n s
In c lu d e s th e o r d n a n c e and a c c e s s o r i e s , c h e m ic a ls and a lli e d p r o d u c t s , and p e t r o le u m r e fin in g and r e l a t e d p r o d u c ts in d u s t r ie s n o t p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e l y .
L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t .

N OTE:

1

13
and
over

_

2

to funds a r e e x c lu d e d .

D istribution o f Production and Related W orkers by Paid Vacation Hours As A P e rce n t o f Total Paid H ours,
by Region and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962

108

Table 56.

P e rce n t o f production and related w orke rs in establishm ents with—

R egion and industry group

W orkers
in all
establish ­
ments
(percent)

Paid vacation hours 1
No paid
vacation
hours

A s a p ercen t o f total hours paid for
A ll

Under

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
3

3
and
under
4

4
and
under
5

5
and
under
6

6
and
under
7

7
and
under
8

8
and
over

United States 1
2 ----------------------------------------------------N orth ea st--------------------------------------------------------South---------------------------------------------------------------N orth C e n tr a l------------------------------------------------W e s t ----------------------------------------------------------------

100
100
100
100
100

6
6
10
2
6

94
94
90
98
94

3
3
6
2
2

12
10
20
9
13

15
14
16
15
20

24
25
18
24
29

21
21
15
28
16

12
12
9
14
9

5
6
4
5
4

1
1
1
1
(3)

(3)
(3)
(3)
1
(3)

F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s -------------------------------T o b a c co m an u factu res---------------------------------------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------A p p a rel and other finished textile p r o d u c t s ---Lu m ber and w ood p r o d u c ts --------------------------------Fu rn iture and fix tu r e s ---------------------------------------P a per and allied p r o d u c t s ---------------------------------Printin g, publishing, and a llied in d u s trie s-----Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s produ cts —
Leath er and leather p r o d u c ts ----------------------------Stone, cla y , and glass p r o d u c t s -----------------------P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ---------------------------------F a bricated m etal p r o d u c t s -------------------------------M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l----------------------------E le c t r ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
s uppli e s ----------------— ------------------------------------ -—
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t---------------------------------Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s --------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ----------

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

5
9
6
28
28
10
1
1
2
2
5
(3)
2
1

95
91
94
72
72
90
99
99
98
98
95
99
98
99

5
11
1
9
12
4
1
2
4
4
6

14
19
26
16
16
23
14
9
12
25
9
8
19
13

21
10
29
17
22
15
23
27
23
23
23
20
30
27

16
32
12
6
5
10
32
26
11
21
20
20
19
33

12
5
3
(3)
1
2
18
23
28
2
18
19
15
9

7
8
(3)
(3)
(3 )
3
6
5
5
2
5
25
2
2

!
1
_
1
_
2
2
1
7
(3)
2
2
1

2
1
(3)
(3 )

1
4

19
5
22
23
17
28
4
7
9
21
12
5
11
11

100
100
100
100

1
1
1
6

99
99
99
94

1
1
2
2

8
5
7
20

18
10
20
28

24
28
34
28

36
35
21
11

10
13
11
4

2
5
5
2

(3)
1
(3)

-

B ecau se o f rounding, sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.




1
(3)
(3)

-

1 Includes only vacation hours fo r w hich the em ployer made a d irect paym ent to the w ork er. Vacation hours which w ere paid fo r by em ployer contributions to funds are excluded.
2 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , chem icals and allied products, and petroleu m refining and related products industries not presented separately.
3 L ess than 0. 5 p erce n t.
N OTE:

2
(3)
(3)

-

(3)
1

Table 57.

D istribution o f P rodu ction and Related W orkers by Paid H oliday Hours As A P e rce n t o f Total P aid H ours,
by Region and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P e rce n t o f production and related w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—
W orkers
in all
establish ­
ments
(percent)

No paid
holiday
hours

A ll

United States 1
2-----------------------------------------------------N orth ea st-------------------------------------------------------South---------------------------------------------------------------N orth C e n tr a l------------------------------------------------W e s t ----------------------------------------------------------------

100
100
100
100
100

11
5
30
4
10

Food and kindred p r o d u c t s -------------------------------T o b a c co m an u factu res---------------------------------------T extile m ill products-----------------------------------------A p parel and other finished textile p r o d u c ts ---Lum ber and wood p r o d u c ts -------------------------------F u rniture and fix tu r e s ---------------------------------------P aper and allied p r o d u c t s --------------------------------Printin g, publishing, and a llied indu stries-----Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tic s products —
Leather and leather p ro d u cts --------------------- ------Stone, cla y , and glass p r o d u c t s ----------------------P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s --------------------------------F a bricated m etal p r o d u c t s -------------------------------M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l---------------------------E le c tr ic a l m ach in ery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies------------------------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t--------------------------------Instrum ents and related p r o d u c t s --------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ---------

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

R egion and industry group

Paid holiday hours 1
A s a p e rce n t o f total hours paid fo r
3

Under
1

1
and
under
2

2
and
under
3

and
under
4

89
95
70
96
90

5
4
10
3
4

15
13
18
14
13

54
51
35
69
59

14
24
6
9
12

1
3
(3)
(3 )
1

14
13
44
24
43
18
1
2
2
6
11
1
3
4

86
87
56
76
57
82
99
98
98
94
89
99
97
96

13
6
15
7
9
7
2
4
6
5
6
(3)
4
1

17
4
16
22
18
25
11
17
7
26
11
24
14
12

39
69
23
40
29
37
78
55
61
42
59
65
60
65

14
8
2
5
1
9
7
19
23
19
12
10
20
16

3

(»)
(3 )
(3)
2

_

2
3
1
11

98
97
99
89

(3)
1
1
2

6
7
7
20

70
75
67
43

21
13
22
18

1
1
2
5

_

4
and
under
5

_
_

5
and
over

(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

1

(3)
1

_

_

3
1
2
(3)

1
-

(3)
1
_
_
_

_

(3)

1 Includes only those holiday hours fo r which the em ployer m ade a d ire ct paym ent to the w ork er. H oliday hours w hich w ere paid fo r by em p loyer contributions to funds are excluded.
2 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , ch em icals and a llied prod u cts, and petroleu m refining and related products industries not presen ted separately.
3 L ess than 0. 5 perce n t.
NOTE:

B ecau se o f rounding, sums o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.




R egion and industry group

W orke rs
in all
e sta b ­
No
lis h paid
ments h o li­
(p e r ­
days
cent)

Distribution o f P rodu ction and R elated W orkers by Num ber o f H olidays
Paid F or, by Region and M anufacturing Industry G roup, 1962
P e rce n t o f production and rela ted w o rk e rs in establishm ents with—
P aid holidays 1 o f—

A ll

Under
2
days

United States 1
2_________________________________ __
No r the as t
________ ___________ __________
South ____________ ___________ _____________________
________ __ __ _
N orth C e n tr a l_____ _ __
W e s t----------------------------------------------------------------

100
100
100
100
100

11
5
30
4
10

89
95
70
96
90

1
(3)
3
-

F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s ___________ ________
T o b a c co m an u factu res. _____. . . . . . ____. . . . . ____
T extile m ill produ cts . . . . . ________
A p parel and other fin ish ed textile produ cts . _ .
Lu m ber and w ood p rod u cts ______ _______ ___ ____
F urniture and fix t u r e s .._____________________ __
P a p er and allied p rod u cts ______________________
P rin tin g, publishing, and a llie d in d u s t r ie s .....
Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la s tics p ro d u cts__
Leath er and leather p rod u cts___________________
Stone, c la y , and g la ss p r o d u c t s ______ . . . . _____
P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s __ ___________ _______ _
F a b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s ____ ________________
M ach in ery, excep t e l e c t r i c a l _________ ________
E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and
su p p lies______________ ________________________
T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t_______ _______________
Instrum ents and rela ted p r o d u c t s ______________
M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ______

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

14
13
45
24
43
18
1
2
3
6
11
1

(3)

3

86
87
55
76
57
82
99
98
97
94
89
99
98
97

100
100
100
100

2
3
1
12

98
97
99
88

2

110

Table 58.

8
(3)
1
1
-

-

1
(3)
-

(3)

2

2V2

(*)
3
1
1

b

2
_
4 i
3
1
2
1
1
1
(3)
1
1
(3)
1
b
(3)

b
(3)
_
.
.
(3 )
(3)
(3)
-

3

3l/2

1
(3)
3
1
-

b
b
b
(3)

1
3
2
1
3
4
(3)
2
(3 )
2
3
b
b
(3)
(3 )
-

(3 )
i

4

2 •
2
4
(3)
3

(3)
i
.
.
(3)
.
>
-

4
(3 )
3
6
5
3
1
1
2
1
1

-

-

2
1

(3)
4

4V2

5

5V2

6

6 Va

7

7V2

8

8V2

9

9V2

10

ioV 2

b
b
b
b
(3)

5
5
8
4
4

(3)
1
(3 )
b
(3 )

18
15
15
22
21

2
2
1
3
(3 )

33
28
18
50
23

2
2
1
2
2

17
20
12
12
30

1
2
(3 )
(3)
1

3
7
1
1
2

(3)
1
(3 )
(3)
(3)

2
5
(3)
(3 )

(3)
(3)

8
4
8
11
5
8
3
11
(3 )
10
5

(3)

20
23
15
18
32
28
15
21
17
30
25
9
19
25

_
1
5
1
1
1
2
2
3
(3)
1
3
1

13
52
9
22
7
19
59
31
21
31
30
74
40
37

1
_
1
(3 )
2
1
1
2
3
1
3
4

25
3
3
2
1
6
11
11
49
7
16
7
15
16

1
_
.
(3 )

4
_
1
(3 )

(3 )
(3 )
2
1
_
_
3

2
3
6
1
4

3
_
1
1
_
3
3
8
4
1
_
1

2

1
3
4

1
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
.
(3)

10
8
19
23

3
2
4
1

41
52
44
18

4
1
(3 )
3

27
24
17
17

3
(3)
1
4

7
3
6
6

1
1
3

1
4
1
5

(3)
b
b
b
n
(3)
.
-

_
3
(3 )
(3)
1
-

.
-

2

(3 )
1
-

3
4

b
o

-

1
2
3
5

i

(3)
-

(3)

_

_

2

1 Includes on ly holidays fo r w hich the em ployer made a d ir e ct payment to the w ork er. H olidays w hich w ere paid fo r by em p loyer contributions to funds are excluded.
2 Includes the ordnan ce and a c c e s s o r ie s , chem icals and allied p rodu cts, petroleu m refining and rela ted products industries not p resen ted separately.
3 L ess than 0. 5 p erce n t.
N OTE: B ecau se o f rounding, sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.




_
(3)

2
1

_
_
_
.
_
.
_
(3)
_
_
_
(3)
i
_
_

l

li
or
m ore

1
3
(3)
(3)
1
5
_
_
(3)
3
(3)
1
_
_
1
_
1
1
(3)
1
(3)
1

Table 59.

D istribution o f P rodu ction and Related W orkers R eceivin g Vacation Pay, by N um ber o f W eeks Paid F or,
by Region and M anufacturing Industry Group, 1962
P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t io n and r e la t e d w o r k e r s

R e g io n and in d u s t r y g ro u p

W ork ers
in a ll
e s t a b lis h ­
m e n ts
(p e r c e n t)

R e c e iv in g v a c a t io n p a y 1
W ith n o p a id
v a c a t io n s

W e e k s p a id f o r —
A ll

U n d er

1
and
under
2

2
and
u n d er
3

3
and
under
4

4
and
over

U n ited S ta te s 1
2----------------------------------------------------------N o r t h e a s t ------------------------------------------------------------S ou th ---------------------------------------------------------------------N o r t h C e n t r a l ------ —- ___ —------------------------------W e s t ----------------------------------------------------------------------

100
100
100
100
100

22
20
27
18
29

78
80
73
82
71

3
4
3
3
4

21
21
26
19
18

33
33
30
36
35

17
19
12
21
13

3
4
2
3
2

F o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s — ------------------------------T o b a c c o m a n u fa c t u r e s ------------- ------ --------------------—
T e x t i le m i l l p r o d u c t s —--------------------------------------- —
A p p a r e l and o t h e r fin is h e d t e x t il e p r o d u c t s — L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------F u r n it u r e and f i x t u r e s --------- —------------------------------P a p e r and a ll ie d p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------P r in t in g , p u b lis h in g , and a ll ie d in d u s t r ie s -----R u b b e r and m is c e l la n e o u s p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s —
L e a t h e r an d le a t h e r p r o d u c t s ----------------------------- S to n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s ------------------------P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s -----------------------------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------M a c h in e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ----------------------------E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , e q u ip m e n t, and
s u p p l ie s ------------------------------------------------------------------T r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t -----------------------------------In s t r u m e n t s and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s ---------------------M i s c e ll a n e o u s m a n u fa c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s ----------

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

32
40
16
46
49
31
13
15
18
19
20
9
19
20

68
60
84
54
51
69
87
85
82
81
80
91
81
80

1
1
6
2
4
4
2
4
4
5
2
2
4
3

19
9
39
28
21
31
18
14
18
36
20
16
23
19

27
31
36
23
19
24
32
33
28
34
34
37
36
37

15
16
4
1
6
9
28
32
23
6
22
34
15
18

7
4
(3 )
(3)
(3 )
1
7
2
9
1
3
2
2
3

100
100
100
100

15
13
16
31

85
87
84
69

6
2
6
5

19
17
21
22

40
42
37
31

19
23
17
9

2
3
3
1

1
2
3

I n c lu d e s o n ly v a c a t io n s f o r w h ich the e m p lo y e r m a d e a d i r e c t p a y m e n t to the w o r k e r . V a c a t io n s w h ic h w e r e p a id f o r b y e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s to fund s a r e e x c lu d e d .
In c lu d e s the o r d n a n c e and a c c e s s o r i e s , c h e m i c a ls and a llie d p r o d u c t s , and p e t r o le u m r e fin in g and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s in d u s t r ie s n ot p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e ly .
L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t .

NOTE:

B ecau se o f rounding, sums o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.




112

Table 60. D istribution o f Paid Hours fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers in the
Manufacturing In dustries, by Region and Industry G roup, 1962 and 1959
P e r c e n t o f h o u r s p a id f o r
P a id le a v e h o u r s 1

P lant
h ou rs

R e g io n and in d u s t r y g r o u p
T ota l

A ll1
2

V a c a t io n s

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

H o lid a y s
1959

S ic k

1962

1959

1962

1959

U n ited S ta tes 3_______________________________________
N o r the as t _____ _____________ __ ___
S outh
_
N o r th C e n t r a l___________________________________
W e s t ----------------------------------------------------------------------

100. 0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0

9 4. 1
9 3 .7
9 5 .4
9 3. 7
94. 0

94. 1
93. 8
9 5. 5
9 3 .6
9 4. 3

5 .9
6. 3
4 .6
6. 3
6. 0

5 .9
6. 2
4 .5
6 .4
5 .7

3 .5
3 .6
2 .9
3. 7
3. 3

3.
3.
2.
3.
3.

4
5
8
8
2

2. 1
2. 5
1. 4
2. 3
2 .2

2 .2
2 .4
1 .4
2. 3
2. 1

0. 2
. 3
.2
.2
.4

0 .2
.2
.2
.2
.4

F o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s _______________________
T o b a c c o m a n u fa c t u r e s _____________________________
T e x t i le m i l l p r o d u c t s ______________________________
A p p a r e l and o t h e r fin is h e d t e x t ile p r o d u c t s —
L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s _____________________
F u r n it u r e and f i x t u r e s _______ ________________ _
P a p e r and a ll ie d p r o d u c t s . _______________________
P r in t in g , p u b lis h in g , and a ll ie d in d u s t r ie s ___
R u b b e r and m is c e l la n e o u s p l a s t ic s p r o d u c t s __
L e a t h e r and le a t h e r p r o d u c t s ___ _____________ _
S t o n e , c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s _______________ _
P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s _______________ _ ____
F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ______ ___ _______ —
M a c h in e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l __ _________________
T r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t ________________________
I n s t r u m e n t s and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s _______________
M i s c e ll a n e o u s m a n u fa c t u r in g in d u s t r i e s ______ _

100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0

9 4 .2
94. 3
96. 3
9 6 .6
97. 1
9 5 .6
9 3 .2
9 3. 3
9 3. 3
9 4 .9
94. 3
9 2 .9
9 4 .0
9 3 .7
9 3. 1
9 3. 0
9 4 .7

9 4 .2
9 4. 5
9 6 .4
9 6 .4
9 7. 1
9 5 .4
9 3. 7
9 3. 7
9 3 .6
9 4 .8
9 4 .9
9 2 .5
94. 2
9 3 .4
93. 0
9 3 .2
94. 8

5. 8
5. 7
3. 7
3 .4
2 .9
4 .4
6. 8
6. 7
6. 7
5. 1
5 .7
7. 1
6. 0
6. 3
6 .9
7. 0
5. 3

5. 8
5 .5
3 .6
3 .6
2 .9
4 .6
6. 3
6. 3
6 .4
5 .2
5. 1
7. 5
5 .8
6 .6
7. 0
6. 8
5 .2

3 .4
3. 3
2. 7
1. 8
1. 8
2 .6
4 .2
4. 0
4. 0
2 .9
3 .6
4 .6
3. 5
3 .6
4. 0
3. 8
2 .9

3 .4
3. 3
2. 5
1. 9
1. 8
2 .7
3 .9
4. 0
4. 0
2 .9
3. 1
4. 8
3 .4
4. 0
4. 0
3 .6
2 .9

1 .9
2. 1
.9
1 .6
1. 1
1 .8
2 .4
2 .4
2 .4
2 .2
2. 0
2 .4
2 .4
2 .4
2 .5
2 .6
2. 3

2. 0
2. 0
1. 0
1 .7
1. 0
1. 8
2. 3
2. 2
2. 3
2 .2
1 .9
2 .6
2. 3
2 .4
2 .6
2 .6
2. 2

.4
. 3
(4 )
(4 )
(4 )

.4
.2
(4 )
(4 )

0

(4 )
. 1
(4 )
. 1
. 3
.4
.5

(4 )
. 1
.2
. 1
(4 )
. 1
. 1
. 1
. 1
.4
.5

*1

' 1

. 1
. 3
. 1

1 In c lu d e s o n ly le a v e h o u r s f o r w h ic h the e m p lo y e r m a d e a d i r e c t p a y m en t to the w o r k e r . H o u r s o f le a v e tim e w h ic h w e r e p a id f o r b y e m p l o y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s to fu n d s a r e e x c lu d e d .
2 I n c lu d e s m i l i t a r y , j u r y , w it n e s s , v o t in g , and p e r s o n a l le a v e h ou rs n o t p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e l y .
In b o th y e a r s , th e s e le a v e it e m s c o m p r i s e d l e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t o f t o t a l p a id h o u r s in
a ll o f the r e g io n s and in d u s t r ie s f o r w h ic h d a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d , e x c e p t in the r u b b e r and m is c e l la n e o u s p l a s t ic s p r o d u c t s , and in s t r u m e n t in d u s t r ie s (0 . 1 p e r c e n t ) , and in the m is c e l la n e o u s m a n ­
u fa c t u r in g in d u s t r ie s (0 . 1 p e r c e n t in 1 95 9, and le s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t in 1962).
3 I n c lu d e s the o r d n a n c e and a c c e s s o r i e s ; c h e m i c a ls and a llie d p r o d u c t s ; p e t r o le u m r e fin in g and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s ; and e l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , e q u ip m e n t, and s u p p lie s in d u s t r ie s n ot p r e ­
se n ted s e p a r a te ly .
4 L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t .

N OTE: B ecau se o f rounding, sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.




T able 61.

Plant Hours and Paid Leave Hours As A P ercen t o f T otal Paid Hours fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers in the M anufacturing Industries,
by E stablishm ent Size Group, Region, and Industry Group, 1962 and 1959
P e r c e n t o f to ta l h o u r s p a id f o r
P la n t h o u r s

P a id le a v e h o u r s 1

R e g io n and in d u s t r y g ro u p
U n der 100
e m p lo y e e s

500 e m p lo y e e s
or m ore

1 0 0 -4 9 9
e m p lo y e e s

U n d er 100
e m p lo y e e s

1962

1959

1962

1959

U n ited S ta tes 1
2_______________________________________
N o r t h e a s t ------------------------------------------------------------S o u th ---------------------------------------------------------------------N o r t h C e n t r a l ----------------------------------------------------W e s t ----------------------------------------------------------------------

9 5. 8
9 5. 7
9 6. 9
9 5 .5
9 5. 6

9 5. 9
9 5. 7
9 7. 3
9 5 .3
96. 0

94. 4
93. 6
9 6. 1
9 3 .9
94. 1

94.
94.
96.
9 4.
94.

7
1
1
1
7

9 2. 8
9 2 .2
9 4 .0
92. 8
9 2 .4

9 2 .9
9 2 .4
9 4. 1
9 2. 8
92. 7

4.
4.
3.
4.
4.

F o o d an d k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------T o b a c c o m a n u fa c t u r e s ------------------------------------------T e x t i le m i l l p r o d u c t s --------------------------------------------A p p a r e l and o t h e r fin is h e d t e x t ile p r o d u c t s ----L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------F u r n it u r e and f i x t u r e s ------------------------------------------P a p e r and a ll ie d p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------P r in t in g , p u b lis h in g , and a ll ie d in d u s t r ie s -----R u b b e r and m i s c e l la n e o u s p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s —
L e a t h e r and le a t h e r p r o d u c t s ---------------- -------------S ton e, c l a y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s ------------------------P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s -----------------------------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------M a c h in e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ------------------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u ip m e n t -----------------------------------In s t r u m e n t s and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s ---------------------M i s c e ll a n e o u s m a n u fa c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s ----------

9 5 .9
(3)
9 6 .6
9 7 .4
9 8. 1
9 5 .9
9 4. 7
9 4. 3
9 6 .3
95. 4
9 6 .2
9 4. 6
95. 1
9 5 .5
9 4. 7
9 4. 2
95. 8

9 5 .9
(3 )
9 6 .9
9 7 .4
9 8. 0
9 5. 7
94. 7
94. 3
9 6. 6
95. 3
9 6 .5
94. 6
95. 7
95. 2
9 5 .9
9 4. 8
9 5. 6

9 4. 0
9 5 .4
9 5 .9
96. 1
96. 2
9 6 .0
9 3 .4
92. 7
9 3. 8
9 4. 7
9 4. 0
9 3. 8
93. 8
9 3. 7
9 3 .9
93. 7
93. 9

9 4. 7
9 5. 7
9 6 .5
95. 9
9 6. 4
9 5. 6
94. 1
93. 3
9 4. 5
9 4 .9
94. 8
93. 7
9 4. 1
9 3. 4
94. 1
9 3. 9
94. 5

92. 1
9 3 .4
9 6 .4
95. 1
(3 )
94. 0
9 2 .4
9 2 .2
9 1 .7
94. 7
92. 7
9 2 .4
9 2 .9
9 2 .3
92. 8
9 2 .0
9 4. 0

9 2. 0
9 3. 9
9 6. 3
9 4. 4
(3 )
94. 6
9 3. 1
9 3. 1
9 2. 3
94. 2
93. 3
9 1 .9
9 3. 2
9 2. 6
9 2 .7
92. 6
9 3. 1

4. 1
(3 )
3. 4
2. 6
1 .9
4. 1
5. 3
5. 7
3. 7
4. 6
3. 8
5. 4
4 .9
4. 5
5. 3
5. 8
4. 2

1962

1959

1962

2
3
1
5
4

100—499
e m p lo y e e s

500 e m p lo y e e s
or m ore

1962

1959

1
3
7
7
0

5. 6
6. 4
3 .9
6. 1
5 .9

5. 3
5. 9
3. 9
5 .9
5. 3

7.
7.
6.
7.
7.

2
8
0
2
6

7. 1
7. 6
5 .9
7. 2
7. 3

4. 1
(3)
3. 1
2. 6
2 .0
4. 3
5. 3
5. 7
3. 4
4. 7
3. 5
5 .4
4. 3
4. 8
4. 1
5. 2
4. 4

6. 0
4. 6
4. 1
3 .9
3. 8
4. 0
6. 6
7. 3
6. 2
5. 3
6 .0
6. 2
6. 2
6. 3
6. 1
6. 3
6. 1

5. 3
4. 3
3. 5
4. 1
3. 6
4. 4
5 .9
6. 7
5. 5
5. 1
5. 2
6. 3
5 .9
6. 6
5. 9
6. 1
5. 5

7 .9
6. 6
3. 6
4 .9
(3 )
6. 0
7. 6
7. 8
8. 3
5. 3
7. 3
7. 6
7. 1
7. 7
7. 2
8. 0
6. 0

8. 0
6. 1
3. 7
5. 6
(3 )
5. 4
6 .9
6. 9
7. 7
5. 8
6. 7
8. 1
6. 8
7. 4
7. 3
7. 4
6 .9

1959

4.
4.
2.
4.
4.

1962

1959

1 In c lu d e s o n ly t h o s e v a c a t io n , h o lid a y , s i c k le a v e , and m il it a r y , ju r y , w it n e s s , v o tin g , and p e r s o n a l le a v e h o u r s f o r w h ic h the e m p l o y e r m a d e a d i r e c t p a y m en t to the w o r k e r .
H o u r s o f le a v e t im e w h ic h w e r e pa id f o r b y e m p lo y e r co n t r ib u t io n s to fund s a r e e x c lu d e d .
2 I n c lu d e s the o r d n a n c e and a c c e s s o r i e s ; c h e m ic a ls and a llie d p r o d u c t s ; p e t r o le u m r e fin in g and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s ; and e l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , e q u ip m e n t, and s u p p lie s in d u s t r ie s not
p r e s e n te d se p a r a te ly .
3 D ata f o r e it h e r 1962 o r 1959 did not m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a .




Plant Hours and Paid Leave Hours As A P e rce n t o f T otal Paid Hours fo r P rodu ction and Related W orkers in the
M anufacturing Industries, by Union Status, Region, and Industry G roup, 1962 and 1959

114

T able 62.

P e r c e n t o f t o t a l h o u r s p a id f o r
P la n t h o u r s

P a id le a v e h o u r s 1

R e g io n and in d u s t r y g r o u p

U n ion sta tu s o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s 1
2
M a jo r it y c o v e r e d

N on e o r m in o r it y c o v e r e d

M a jo r it y c o v e r e d

1962

1959

1962

1959

1962

U n ited S t a t e s 3----------------------------------------------------------N o r t h e a s t -------------------------------------------------------------S ou th ---------------------------------------------------------------------N o r t h C e n t r a l -----------------------------------------------------W e s t ------------------- ----------------- ---------------------------

9 3. 1
9 3. 1
9 3 .0
9 3. 1
9 3 .2

93.
93.
93.
93.
93.

3
4
4
2
7

95. 7
94. 7
9 7 .0
9 5 .2
9 5 .5

9 5. 8
94. 7
9 7. 2
9 5 .3
9 5 .3

6 .9
6 .9
7. 0
6 .9
6. 8

6.
6.
6.
6.
6.

F o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------T o b a c c o m a n u fa c t u r e s -------------------------------------------T e x t ile m i l l p r o d u c t s ------------ —-----------------------------A p p a r e l and o t h e r fin is h e d t e x t ile p r o d u c t s ——
L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------F u r n it u r e and f i x t u r e s -------------------------------------------P a p e r and a llie d p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------P r in t in g , p u b lis h in g , and a ll ie d i n d u s t r i e s ------R u b b e r and m i s c e l la n e o u s p l a s t ic s p r o d u c t s —
L e a t h e r and le a t h e r p r o d u c t s -------------------------------S to n e , c la y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s -------------------------P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ------------------------------------F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------M a c h in e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ------------------------------T r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t ------------------------------------I n s t r u m e n t s and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s ----------------------M i s c e ll a n e o u s m a n u fa c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s -----------

9 2. 8
9 3 .9
9 4. 7
9 5. 8
9 5 .0
9 3 .9
9 2 .9
9 2 .3
9 2 .4
9 4. 2
9 3. 3
9 2 .5
9 3 .4
9 2 .9
9 2. 8
9 2 .3
9 3. 7

93. 2
94. 3
95. 3
96. 1
9 5 .5
9 4 .0
9 3 .5
93. 0
92. 6
94. 1
94. 0
92. 2
93. 7
9 2 .9
92. 8
9 2 .9
93. 7

9 6 .4
(4 )
9 6 .9
9 7 .3
9 8 .4
9 7 .0
9 4. 7
94. 6
9 5 .4
9 5 .6
96. 8
94. 6
9 5 .2
9 4 .4
9 4 .4
9 3 .5
9 5 .5

9 6. 7
(4 )
9 7 .0
96. 8
9 8. 2
97. 2
9 4 .4
94. 6
96. 1
9 5 .9
97. 0
9 4 .9
9 5 .2
94. 6
9 3. 4
9 3 .4
9 5. 6

7. 2
6. 1
5. 3
4. 2
5 .0
6. 1
7. 1
7. 7
7. 6
5. 8
6. 7
7. 5
6 .6
7. 1
7. 2
7. 7
6. 3

N on e o r m in o r it y c o v e r e d
1962

1959

7
6
6
8
3

4. 3
5 .3
3. 0
4. 8
4. 5

4. 2
5 .3
2. 8
4. 7
4. 7

6 .8
5. 7
4. 7
3 .9
4 .5
6. 0
6 .5
7. 0
7 .4
5 .9
6 .0
7. 8
6. 3
7. 1
7. 2
7. 1
6. 3

3. 6
(4 )
3. 1
2. 7
1. 6
3. 0
5. 3
5 .4
4. 6
4. 4
3. 2
5 .4
4. 8
5. 6
5. 6
6. 5
4. 5

3. 3
(4 )
3. 0
3. 2
1. 8
2. 8
5. 6
5 .4
3 .9
4. 1
3. 0
5. 1
4. 8
5. 4
6. 6
6. 6
4. 4

1959

1 In c lu d e s o n ly t h o s e v a c a t io n , h o lid a y , s i c k le a v e , and m ilit a r y , ju r y , w it n e s s , v o t in g , and p e r s o n a l le a v e h o u r s f o r w h ic h the e m p lo y e r m a d e a d i r e c t p a y m e n t to the w o r k e r .
H o u r s o f le a v e t im e w h ic h w e r e p a id f o r b y e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s to funds a r e e x c lu d e d .
2 D ata r e l a t e t o p r o d u c t io n and r e l a t e d w o r k e r s o n ly .
3 I n c lu d e s the o r d n a n c e and a c c e s s o r i e s ; c h e m ic a ls and a llie d p r o d u c t s ; p e t r o le u m r e fin in g and r e la t e d p r o d u c t s ; and e l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , eq u ip m e n t, and s u p p lie s in d u s t r ie s not
p r e s e n te d se p a r a te ly .
4 D ata f o r e it h e r 1962 o r 1959 do n o t m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r i t e r i a .




Appendix A.

Scope and Method of Survey

S cope of S urvey and Industry C la s s ific a tio n
T his study o f 1962 e m p lo y e r expen ditu res fo r s e le c te d su pplem en tary com p en sa tion
p r a c tic e s fo r p rod u ction and re la te d w o r k e r s c o v e r s a ll esta b lish m en ts c la s s ifie d , in a c c o r d ­
an ce with the 1957 edition o f the Standard In du strial C la s s ific a tio n M anual, in the m a n u fa c­
turing in d u stries . M anufacturing esta b lish m en ts a re th ose that engage in the m e ch a n ica l o r
c h e m ica l tra n sfo rm a tio n o f in org a n ic o r o rg a n ic su b sta n ces into new p ro d u cts.
T h ese e s ­
tablish m en ts a re "u su a lly d e s c r ib e d as plan ts, fa c t o r ie s , o r m ills , w hich c h a r a c te r is t ic a lly
use p ow er d riv en m a ch in es and m a te r ia ls handling equipm ent. n42
S u rvey co v e r a g e extended to the 50 States and the D is tr ic t o f C olu m bia. Data r e ­
late to the ca len d a r y e a r 1962, and w e re lim ite d to e m p lo y e r expen ditu res fo r p rod u ction
and re la te d w o r k e r s . 4
434
2
5
C o lle ctio n o f Data
Data w e re c o lle c te d p r im a r ily by m a il q u e stio n n a ire .
P e r s o n a l v is it s , h o w e v e r,
w ere m ade by B ureau r e p re s e n ta tiv e s to la rg e m ultiunit e m p lo y e r s and to a sam ple o f e s ­
ta blish m en ts that had not resp on d ed to two m a il r e q u e sts.
The qu estion n a ire and ex p la n a ­
tion sh eet, w hich define the te r m s u sed in the su rv ey , a re re p ro d u ce d in appendix B.
Sam pling P r o c e d u r e
The su rv ey w as con ducted on the b a sis o f a highly stra tifie d p ro b a b ility sa m p le.
Data w ere obtained fr o m e sta b lish m en ts s e le c te d by in d u stry, lo ca tio n , and em ploym ent
s iz e .
The sam ple w as d esign ed to p e rm it p resen ta tion o f data fo r m a jo r m anufacturing
in d u stry grou p s (tw o -d ig it SIC co d e s ) on a national le v e l, and fo r fo u r b ro a d e c o n o m ic
re g io n s on the a ll-m a n u fa ctu rin g le v e l. 44 45
In a ll c a s e s , the lis ts o f esta b lish m en ts fr o m w hich the sam ple was s e le c te d w ere
th ose m aintained by State a g e n cie s a d m in iste rin g the u nem ploym ent com p en sa tion la w s. T h ese
lis ts show the em p loym en t, in du stry c la s s ific a tio n , and lo ca tio n o f a ll esta b lish m en ts c o v ­
e re d by th ose law s in each State. S ince som e States do not c o v e r e sta b lish m en ts with fe w e r
than 4 e m p lo y e e s under th eir unem ploym ent com p en sa tion la w s, the sam ple did not include
esta b lish m en ts in th is s iz e grou p. (See m ethod of estim a tion fo r treatm en t o f the em ploym ent
in such e s ta b lis h m e n ts .)
Within ea ch in d u stry the sam ple w as so s e le c te d as to y ie ld the m o st a ccu ra te
estim a tes p o s s ib le with the r e s o u r c e s a v a ila b le . T his was done by including in the sam ple
a g re a te r p ro p o rtio n o f la rg e e sta b lish m en ts than of sm a ll. In g e n e ra l, an e sta b lish m e n t's
ch ance o f se le ctio n w as rou ghly p rop ortion a te to its em p loym en t s iz e .
The in itia l s o lic ita tio n s , eith er by m a il o r by p e rso n a l v is it , in cluded som e 8, 366
esta b lish m en ts. In a d dition , p e r s o n a l v is its w e re m ade to about 690 e sta b lish m en ts out of
about 3, 500 n on respon d en ts to the two m a il re q u e sts. In a ll, u sa b le r e p lie s w ere obtained
fr o m 5 ,1 9 4 esta b lish m en ts that e m p loyed a p p rox im a tely 2 .8 m illio n p rod u ction and re la te d
w orkers.
42 For additional information about the classification of manufacturing establishments, see 1 9 5 7 edition of the Standard Industrial
Classification Manual, pp. 1 -5 and 4 3 -4 4 , prepared by the U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Office of Statistical Standards.
43 The 1959 data cited in this report were derived from BLS Bulletin 1308, op. c i t . , footnote 3.
44 A larger sam ple was selected for the m eatpacking and processing industries.
These industries were surveyed as a special
project within the framework of the all-m anufacturing study.
The results of the special m eatpacking and processing survey were
published in Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary Compensation Practices for Production and R elated Workers— M eatpacking
and Processing Industries, 1962 (BLS Bulletin 1413, 1964).
45 For regions used in this study, see footnote 1, table 1, p. 7.




115

116
M ethod o f E stim ation
Data fo r each sam ple esta b lish m en t w e re w eighted in a c c o r d a n c e with the p r o b a b il­
ity o f s e le ctio n o f that esta b lish m en t.
F o r in sta n ce, w h ere 1 esta b lish m en t out o f 10 was
s e le cte d in a lo c a t io n -s iz e -in d u s tr y c la s s , it w as c o n s id e r e d a s re p re se n tin g it s e lf as w e ll
as 9 oth er e sta b lish m e n ts, i. e . , it w as given a w eight o f 10.
T hu s, if the establish m en t
had 1 ,000 h ou rs o f v a ca tio n le a v e and 5 0 ,0 0 0 h ou rs o f paid h ou rs o f a ll c la s s e s , it c o n tr ib ­
uted 10,000 v aca tion h ou rs and 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 total h ou rs to the fin a l e stim a te .
A ll estim a ted to ta ls d e riv e d fr o m such w eighting p r o c e d u r e s w e r e fu rth er a dju sted
to the le v e l o f g r o s s m a n -h o u rs in 1962, b a sed on data fr o m the B u re a u 's m onthly e m p lo y ­
m ent sta tistics p r o g r a m , in each o f fou r b ro a d e c o n o m ic r e g io n s .46 F o r in sta n ce, i f the
le v e l o f estim a ted g r o s s m a n -h o u rs in an in d u s tr y -r e g io n c la s s , a s d e r iv e d fr o m the weighting
p r o c e d u r e , w as 40 m illio n and the c o r re s p o n d in g m a n -h o u rs fr o m the em ploym ent sta tistics
s e r ie s w as 44 m illio n , the total was m u ltip lied by 1 .1 .
The ben ch m a rk ed data r e p r e s e n t a ll e sta b lish m e n ts, including th ose with fe w e r than
fou r e m p lo y e e s , in the m an u factu rin g in d u strie s .
T h ese e sta b lish m en ts a re estim a ted to
em p loy m o r e than 12 m illio n p rod u ction and re la te d w o r k e r s .

R eportin g P r o b le m s
S eparate data by esta b lish m en t, p r a c tic e , and c la s s o f e m p lo y e e (p rod u ction and
rela ted w o rk e rs) w e re c o lle c t e d in m o s t c a s e s . H o w e v e r, not a ll co m p a n ie s keep r e c o r d s
in a m anner that en a b les them to fu rn ish actu al fig u r e s in th is d e ta il, and som e a p p r o x i­
m ation s had to be a cc e p te d .
Two ty p es o f e stim a te s w e re u sed .
F ir s t , w h ere r e c o r d s
w ere kept on ly fo r a b r o a d e r grou p o f e m p lo y e e s than p rod u ction and re la te d w o r k e r s in
the sam ple esta b lish m en t, the p r o ra te d share fo r the e m p lo y e e s in clu d ed in the su rvey w as
estim a ted on the b a s is o f em p loym en t, m a n -h o u r s , o r p a y r o ll, w h ich ev er was m o st a p p r o ­
p ria te. S econ d, using c o lla te r a l data, e stim a te s w e re m ade in c e r ta in c a s e s w h ere r e c o r d s
eith er w ere not kept o r w e re s u m m a rize d only fo r s p e c ific p r a c t ic e s .
F o r ex a m p le , the
expen ditu res fo r h olida y pay m ight be estim a ted by m u ltip lyin g the num ber o f h ou rs paid fo r
h oliday lea v e by a v e ra g e h ou rly ea rn in g s.
It should be n oted that e r r o r s in the u se o f estim a tin g p r o c e d u r e s would have to be
in the sam e d ir e c tio n in su bstan tially a ll the c a s e s (o v e rsta te m e n t o r u nderstatem en t o f actu al
va lu es) to have a cu m u lative e ffe c t on the a c c u r a c y o f the r e s u lts .
A n a ly sis o f the data
fr o m two sim ila r s u rv e y s p ro v id e d ev id e n ce to support a cce p ta n ce o f estim a te d data w h ere
n ecessary.
T hu s, an e a r lie r m e th o d o lo g ica l study le d to the co n c lu sio n that "V irtu a lly no
sig n ifica n t d iffe r e n c e w as r e fle c te d by the a v e ra g e s fo r actu al fig u r e s and fo r a ll re p o rtin g
esta b lish m en ts com b in ed ; that is , the in clu sio n o f estim a ted fig u r e s had only a n e g lig ib le
e ffe c t on o v e r a ll d a t a .1,47 A study o f the c o m p o sitio n o f p a y r o ll h ou rs in m an u factu rin g c o n ­
clu d ed that "the d iffe r e n c e in le v e l o f paid lea v e betw een e sta b lish m en ts supplying actu al and
th ose p rov id in g estim a ted fig u r e s is g e n e ra lly sm a ll . . . within m o s t in d u stry d iv is io n s . 1,48
D efin ition o f T e r m s
E xpenditure r a tio s fo r "a ll e sta b lish m e n ts" r e p r e s e n t the exp en ditu res fo r the su p ­
plem ent d iv ided by the p a y r o ll fo r a ll esta b lish m en ts— both th o se with and without e x p e n d i­
tu re s— w h erea s the r a tio s fo r "e sta b lish m e n ts with exp en ditu res fo r the p r a c t ic e " re la te the
sam e exp en ditu res to the p a y r o ll o f only th ose esta b lish m en ts that r e p o r te d actu al e x p e n d i­
tu re s fo r the supplem ent.
The expenditure ra te s re p r e se n t the sam e exp en ditu res divided
by the co rre sp o n d in g m a n -h o u r s .
Both the exp en ditu res and the p a y r o lls (m a n -h o u rs) to w hich they a r e r e la te d p erta in
to p rod u ction and re la te d w o r k e r s on ly.

48 See footnote 1, table 1.
47 Problems in Measurement o f Expenditures on Selected Items of Supplementary Employee Remuneration, Manufacturing Estab­
lishments, 1953 (BLS Bulletin 1 1 8 6 , 1 9 5 6 ), p. 46.
48 BLS Bulletin 1 2 8 3 , op. c i t . , footnote 4 0 .




117
The expenditure
fo rm u la s .
1.

ra tio s u sed in th is

r e p o r t w e re obtained by using the follow in g

E xpenditure as a p e rce n t o f g r o s s p a y r o il =
E xpenditure fo r the p r a c tic e
G r o s s p a y ro ll

2.

E xpenditure as a p e rce n t o f s tra ig h t-tim e p a y r o ll =
__________ E xpenditure fo r the p r a c tic e __________
G r o s s p a y r o ll m inus p rem iu m paym ents fo r
o v e r tim e , w eekend, h olid a y , and shift w ork

3.

E xpenditure in cen ts p er hour paid fo r =
_____________ E xpenditure fo r the p r a c tic e ____________
T ota l h ou rs paid fo r including h ou rs o f paid lea ve

4.

E xpenditure in cen ts p er plant o r w orking hour =
___________ E xpenditure fo r the p r a c tic e ____________
T ota l h ou rs paid fo r m inus lea v e h ou rs paid fo r

dix B ),

The oth er te r m s u sed in th is su rv ey a re defined in the "E xplan ation S h eet" (appen ­
given to ea ch establish m en t in the su rv ey sa m p le.

P r a c t ic e s C ov er e d
The study w as lim ite d to ca sh d isb u rse m e n ts o f e m p lo y e r s during 1962 and exclu d ed
am ou n ts, seg reg a te d in bookkeepin g tra n s a c tio n s , o v e r w hich the esta b lish m en t reta in ed c o n tr o l.
The p r a c tic e s studied, w hich a r e ite m iz e d in the ta b le s , a re b e lie v e d to c o m p r is e
the m a jo r elem en ts o f su pplem en tary com p en sa tion fo r p rod u ction and re la te d w o r k e r s in the
m an u factu rin g in d u strie s . Som e o f the om itted p r a c t ic e s , h o w e v e r, m ay o c c a s io n im portant
exp en ditu res in p a rticu la r e sta b lish m e n ts. A m on g the ex clu d ed p r a c tic e s w e re stock bonus
plans and som e oth er ir r e g u la r paym en ts, and exp en ditu res fo r such fa c ilit ie s as in -plant
m e d ic a l c a r e , c a fe te r ia , r e c r e a tio n , and park in g.







Appendix B. Questionnaire
Budget Bureau No. 4 4 -R 1 1 2 7 .1
Approval expires 1 2-31 -6 3

BLS2669
(R ev. '6 3 )

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTIC S
W a s h in g t o n

Your reply w ill be
held in con fid en ce.

25, D.C.

EXPENDITURES FOR SELECTED COMPENSATION PRACTICES
IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, 1962

1.

COMPANY IDENTIFICATION:

2.

ESTABLISHMENT IDENTIFICATION:
L ocation o f establishment for which data are requested
if different from com pany address. An "establishm ent"
is generally defined as a single physical loca tion where
business is conducted or where services or industrial
operations are performed.

PLEASE READ EXPLANATION SHEET BEFORE COMPLETING THIS FORM
3.

MAJOR PRODUCT:
What was the principal product produced at this establishment during 1962?

4.

_______________________________________________

EM PLO YM EN T:
What was the total number o f em ployees (including fu ll-tim e and pa rt-tim e) on the payroll o f this establishment during the
pay period ending nearest the 15th o f the month?
Production and
related workers

A ll em ployees
March

5.

March

Tune

June

September

Septem ber

D ecem ber

D ecem ber

GROSS P A Y R O L L FO R A L L EM PLOYEES:
Enter the total o f all wages, salaries, bonuses, and com m issions for all em ployees prior to all payroll deductions in 1962.
(Y ou m ay use the d efinition o f gross pay that is used for in com e tax purposes on the W ithholding T ax F o rm .)_________________

Data should be reported in the item s which follow only for PRODUCTION AND RELATED WORKERS in the establishment iden­
tified above. If com pany records are not so m aintained, please prorate the com b ined figures on the com pany books. Proration
m ay b e m ade on the basis o f em ploym ent, man-hours, payroll, or other appropriate means. If a reasonable m ethod o f prorating
a com b ined figure cannot b e found, enter the com bined figure and do the follow ing:
For a figure relating to m ore than one establishment, indicate in the "Rem arks" section the establishments that are
included.
For a figure that covers m ore than production workers, please indicate in the "Rem arks" section what other ca te ­
gories o f workers are included.
For a figure com bining data for several lines, bracket the lines included in the com bined figure or explain
"Rem arks" section w hich lines are included.

in the

IF NO MAN-HOURS OR EXPENDITURES WERE INVOLVED DURING 1962 FOR A GIVEN ITEM, ENTER "n on e" IN THE
APPROPRIATE SPACE.
PLEASE DO NOT LEAVE AN Y ONES BLANK.

FOR BLS USE ONLY
Schedule
num ber




R eg.

State

City
size

SIC
code

119

E st.
size

Weight

Special
ch a ra c.

120

6.

ANNUAL PA Y R O L L EXPENDITURES AND MAN-HOURS:
A.

GROSS PAYROLL AND TOTAL MAN-HOURS:
Enter the total o f all wages, salaries, bonuses, and commissions, prior to all pay­
roll deductions, during the year.
You m ay use the definition o f gross pay that
is used for in com e tax purposes on the W ithholding T ax Form.
Report also the
total number o f man-hours for which these em ployees receiv ed this p a y .--------------

B.

Production and related workers
Man-hours

Expenditures
$

PAID LEAVE:
Report payments made directly to the em ployee by the com pany, for the fo l­
low ing leave items and the man-hours equivalent to those payments. If an em ­
p loy ee received both pay in lieu o f v acation or holiday lea ve and pay for work,
report here only the payments in lieu o f tim e o ff and the m an-hours o f lea v e
paid for.
(If an em ployee did not receiv e full pay for an excused absence, re­
port only the man-hours equivalent to the pay receiv ed.
T o determ ine man­
hours equivalent, divide the em ployee's total pay for the excused absence by his
straight-tim e hourly p a y .)

C.

1.

Paid v a c a tio n s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.

Paid sick leave

3.

Paid h o lid a y s-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------

4.

Paid military, jury, witness, voting, and personal lea v e (specify
type o f personal leave) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_______________

PREMIUMS ABOVE REGULAR PAY:
1.

Premium pay for daily overtim e, weekly overtim e, and weekend and holiday work.
Report expenditures for pay above the regular straight-tim e rates. (Thus, if overtim e is paid
at tim e and one-h a lf, report only the half tim e here.
For the work on a paid holiday, ex­
clude the regular straight-tim e pay for the work perform ed and the holiday pay the em ployee
would have received if he had not w orked .) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- -

2.

D ifferential for shift work.
Report expenditures for premium pay above the regular rates for day s h ift.---------------------------------

D.

7.

CHRISTMAS, YEAREND, AND OTHER IRREGULAR BONUSES .................................................................

EXPENDITURES IN ADDITION TO P A Y R O L L :
A.

B.




LEGALLY REQUIRED INSURANCE:
1.

Social Security (O ld -A ge, Survivors, and Disability Insurance)-------- ------------------------- ------- — —

2.

Unemploym ent Com pensation—
a.

Payments to State government ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

b.

Payments to Federal G overn m en t-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -—

3.

W orkm en's C om p en sa tion ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------- -

4.

Other, including State Tem porary Disability Insurance (s p e c ify )_________________________________

PRIVATE WELFARE PLANS:
Exclude worker contributions and payments already reported under Item 6 -B — Paid lea v e, and
Item 7 - A — Legally required insurance.
Include payments to funds, insurance carriers, or d i­
rectly to the em ployee.
1.

Life insurance, accidental death and dism em berm ent insurance, and death b e n e f it s ------------

2.

Hospitalization, sickness and a ccident insurance, and m ed ica l plans ------------------------------------

3.

Pension and retirement plans (including p a y -a s-y ou -g o p l a n s )-----------------------------------------------

4.

Vacations and holiday funds (union-m anagem ent and o th e r)---------------------------------------------------

5.

Severance or dismissal p a y --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- —

6.

Supplemental unem ploym ent benefits

7.

Savings and thrift plans

8.

Other (s p e c ify )___________________________________________________________________________________________________

PROFIT SHARING:

Profit sharing as such should not be reported.
Include in Item 6 -D , Bonuses, im m ediate
cash disbursements. Other utilization o f profit-sharing proceeds should be reported in the
appropriate subdivision o f Item 7 -B . (For exam ple, payments deferred until retirement
should be included in Item 7 - B - 3 .)

121

8.

ESTABLISHMENT PRACTICES AND POLICIES FOR PRODUCTION
AND REL A TE D WORKERS:
T h e follow ing inform ation is needed for the interpretation o f the data you have reported.
NECESSARY, with the ex cep tion o f the question on v acation ;.

A.

NO COMPUTATIONS ARE

Number o f weeks
paid for
for equivalent)

PAID VACATIONS:
Report the number o f production and related workers who were
on the payroll at any tim e during 1962 receivin g vacation pay
d irectly from the com pany. If vacation benefits were deter­
m ined as a percentage o f the worker's annual earnings: 2% or
slightly m ore is to be considered equivalent to 1 w eek's v a c a ­
tion; 4% or slightly m ore to 2 weeks' vacation; etc.

Report
number o f
workers

None ---------------------------------------------------------------Under 1 w e e k ------------ ------------ ------------------------1 and under 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------2 and under 3 weeks ------------- -------------------------3 and under 4 weeks ----------— ________________
4 weeks and o v e r ------------------- --------------------------

B.

PAID HOLIDAYS OBSERVED DURING 1962:
Report number o f paid holidays.
1.

F ull-day holidays

2.

H a lf-da y holidays --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

C.

SICK LEAVE PAID BY THE ESTABLISHMENT DIRECTLY TO THE WORKER (NONINSURED):

D.

HEALTH, ACCIDENT, AND LIFE INSURANCE (OTHER THAN LEGALLY REQUIRED PLANS):

Did the establishment have a definite and form al paid sick lea v e p l a n ? -----------------------------------

1.

2.

E.

NO

Did the com pany finance any part o f private—
a. Life insurance, accidental death and dism em berm ent insurance,or death benefits? — ---------b. Hospitalization, m edica l or surgical insurance, or m ed ica l plans? --- ---------------------------c. Sickness and accident insurance? — ------------- -— ----------------------------------------------------------------d. Other (s p e c ify )_______________________________________________________________________________

YES _ _ _
YES
YES
YES

NO
NO
NO
NO

If "YES, " did the workers contribute to the payments for the cost o f any o f the
above benefits? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

YES

NO

YES
YES

NO
NO

YES ___
YES ____

NO
NO

YES ___

NO

PENSION OR RETIREMENT PLANS (OTHER THAN LEGALLY REQUIRED PLANS):
1.
2.

F.

YES ___

Did the com pany finance any part o f a private pension or retirem ent plan? — — ------If "YES, " did the workers contribute to the payments for the cost o f this plan? -----------------------

VACATION AND HOLIDAY FUNDS:
Did the com pany contribute to a union or other fund w hich provided—
1. V acation b e n e fit s ? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. H oliday b e n e fit s ? ............................ - ......................................................................................................................

G.

COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENTS:
Did c o lle c tiv e bargaining agreements cover the m ajority o f the production and related workers
in the establishment? — ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

H.

SHIFT DIFFERENTIALS:
Report the prem ium , above the regular hourly rate for the day shift, paid for work on the 2d, 3d, and other shifts.
(Use the definition o f shift differential given in the explanations for Item 6 -C -2 .
Thus, i^ late-shift workers receiv e
8 hours' pay for 7 1/z hours' work, com pared to 8 hours' work for the day shift,
report the lz hours' pay as the d if­
ferential ra te.)
Shift

Number o f production and related
workers norm ally working on shift

Rate o f shift differential

Evening (2d shift) -------------------------- -------------Night (3d s h i f t ) ---------------------------------------------Other (e . g . , 4th, relief, e tc., s p e c ify )--------

I.




STANDARD WORKWEEK:
How many hours were there in the standard regularly scheduled workweek (not the hours actually worked) for the m a ­
jority in each o f the follow ing categories? What was the average number o f persons em ployed in each category in 1962?

1.

2.

Nonsupervisory workers:

Number o f
hours
per week

a.

Production and related w o rk e r s-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

b.

C lerica l and other nonsupervisory w orkers--------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------

Executive, professional, and supervisory em ployees ---------------------------------------------------

-------------------

-------------------

Average
number of
em ployees
-------------------------------------------------

122

Remarks
If any part o f this report includes data for more than one establishment, indicate the location, m ajor product, and
total em ploym ent, as o f March 15, 1962, for each o f these establishments and the item s in which com bined data
were entered.

Major
product

Establishment location

T otal number of
em ployees as o f
March 15, 1962

Items

If any line in Item 6 through 8 contains data for other than production and related workers, indicate which other
em ployee groups are included, the number o f such em ployees, and the items in which com bined data were entered.

Other em ployee groups included

Number

Items

I F ANY ESTIM A TED DATA A R E IN C LU D ED IN ANY O F TH E ITEM S , ID E N T IF Y TH E ITEM AND IN D ICA TE
TH E METHOD O F E STIM A TIO N .

Name o f authorizing o fficia l
(Please print or type)

Do you want a cop y o f the Bureau's report for this survey?




T itle

Date

________________________________________________ Yes □

No □

123

EXPLANATION SHEET

BLS 2669
(Rev. *63)

EXPENDITURES FOR SELECTED COMPENSATION PRACTICES
IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, 1962

3.

M a jor P rodu ct
If the establishm ent co v e re d by this rep ort is a cen tra l o ffic e o r other unit in
which th ere a re no manufacturing op eration s, lis t the p rin cip a l produ ct m an ufac­
tured in the establishm ents of the com pany which a re s e rv ice d by this unit,

4.

E m ploym ent
A ll e m p loy ees.
In addition to produ ction and related w ork ers defined b elow , in ­
clude the em p loyees engaged in the follow in g a ctiv ities: F a ctory su p ervision
(above the working forem en le v e l), execu tiv e, pu rch asin g, finance, accounting,
lega l, p erson n el, ca fe te ria s , m ed ica l, p ro fe s s io n a l, tech n ica l, s a le s , sa les d e ­
liv e r y (e. g . , routem en), advertisin g, cred it, colle ctio n , and installation and
s e rv icin g of own p rod u cts, routine o ffic e fun ction s, and fo r c e -a c c o u n t c o n s tru c­
tion em p loyees on your p a y ro ll engaged in con stru ction o f m a jo r additions o r
alteration s to the plant who a re u tilized as a separate w ork fo r c e .
P rodu ction and related w o rk e rs . Include w orking forem en and a ll n on su p ervisory
w o rk e rs, both fu ll-tim e and p a rt-tim e , engaged in fabricatin g, p r o ce ss in g , a s ­
sem bling, inspecting, receiv in g , storing, handling, packing, w arehousing, sh ip ­
ping, trucking, hauling, m aintenance, rep a ir, ja n itoria l, watchman s e r v ic e s ,
produ ct developm ent, au xilia ry produ ction fo r plant*s own u se (e. g . , p o w e rplant), record k eepin g and oth er s e r v ic e s c lo s e ly a ssocia ted with the above p r o ­
duction operation s.

5.

G ross P a y r o ll fo r A ll E m ployees
R eport the total amount paid to a ll em p loyees during 1962. Include pay fo r o v e r ­
tim e, standby tim e, h olida ys, va ca tion s, and s ick lea ve, paid by the esta b lish ­
m ent d ir e ctly to the w ork er. A ls o include co m m is s io n s , bonuses not paid reg u ­
la rly each pay p eriod (e. g . , C hristm as bonuses) and pay not earned during the
y ea r ( e . g . , retroa ctiv e pay, d is m is s a l pay). A ll paym ents should be shown p r io r
to such deductions as em ployees* S o cia l Secu rity con tribu tion s, withholding taxes,
group in su ra n ce, union dues, and savings bonds.
E xclude value o f fr e e rent,
fuel, o r oth er paym ent in kind, m ade fo r the con ven ien ce o f the em p loyer.
You
m ay fo llo w the definition o f g r o s s pay that is used fo r in com e tax p u rposes on
the Withholding Tax F orm .

6 -A .




G ross P a y r o ll and T otal M an-H ours fo r P rod u ction and Related W orkers
R eport, fo r production and related w o rk e rs , the g r o s s p a y ro ll as defined in
Item 5.
A ls o rep ort the total num ber o f m a n -h ou rs fo r which pay was given
to these w ork ers during the y ea r.
(T ota l m a n -h ou rs a re the m an -h ou rs that
are related to the g ro s s p a y .) This should include* ’ ’plant" m an -h ou rs (i. e . , m a n ­
hours spent at the establishm ent during regu la r w orkdays as w ell as during h o li­
day and vacation p eriod s that w ere not taken), m a n -h ou rs paid fo r standby o r
reportin g tim e, and the m a n -h ou rs equivalent to pay fo r tim e spent away fro m
the "p lan t" during paid h olidays, paid va ca tion s, etc.
T o determ in e the m a n -h ou rs equivalent to the pay re ce iv e d divide the paym ent
fo r the item by the em ployee*s average h ou rly pay.
F or exam ple, if an e m ­
p loy ee who is regu la rly paid $2 an hour was given $5 fo.r a day*s ab sen ce fo r
ju ry duty, the m an -h ou rs equivalent to the pay re ce iv e d would be Zl/z hours
(i. e . , $5 -f $2 ). S im ila rly , if an em p loyee re ce iv e d a day*s sick leave at half
his regu lar rate of pay, the m an -h ou rs equivalent would be 4, even though the
em p loyee was absent fo r 8 h ours.
Do not con vert ov ertim e o r other p rem iu m paid hours to stra ig h t-tim e eq u i­
valent h ou rs.

124

6 -B .

Paid Leave
This section is intended to m ea su re the extent to which production and related
w ork ers w ere granted paid leave during the y e a r.
F o r each type o f excused
absence listed , rep ort total paym ents m ade d ir e ctly to the em p loyee by the c o m ­
pany and the man -hou rs equivalent to the paym ents m ade. If an em ployee did
not re ce iv e full pay fo r an excu sed absence, rep ort only the m a n -h ou rs equiva­
lent (as defined above) to the pay receiv ed .
1.

Paid va ca tion s.
R eport total vacation paym ents m ade by the com pany d i­
re ctly to the em ployee during 1962 and the total m an -h ou rs equivalent to
those paym ents, whether vacations w ere taken o r not.
If an em ployee
w orked during his vacation p eriod , and was given both pay fo r w ork and
pay in lieu o f vacation, rep ort h ere only the paym ents in lieu of vacation
and the m an -h ou rs equivalent to them.
If em p loyees who left the com pany w ere paid fo r unused vacation,
the paym ents made and the m an -h ou rs equivalent to the paym ent.
Exclude contributions to union o r other vacation funds.
rep orted in Item 7 -B -4 , V acation and H oliday Funds.

6 -C .




rep ort

T hese are to be

2.

Paid sick lea ve.
R eport total s ick leave paym ents m ade by the com pany
d ir e ctly to the w ork ers during the year and the m a n -h ou rs equivalent to
these sick leave paym ents.
Paym ents made d ir e ctly to the w ork er under
self-in s u ra n ce p r o v ision s o f State T em p ora ry D isability Insurance laws
should be rep orted in Item 7 -A -4 , Other L egally R equired Insurance. E x ­
penditures fo r insurance prem iu m s should be rep orted in Item 7 -B -2 , H o s ­
pitalization, Sickness and A ccid en t Insurance, and M ed ica l P la n s.

3.

P aid h olid a ys.
R eport total holiday paym ents made by the com pany d ir e ctly
to the w ork ers during the y e a r, and the total m a n -h ou rs equivalent to these
paym ents, whether the holidays w ere taken o r not. F o r w ork ers who w orked
on a paid holiday, and re ce iv e d both pay fo r w ork and pay in lieu o f tim e
o ff, rep ort only the holiday pay the w ork er would have re ce iv e d if he had
not w orked and the m a n -h ou rs equivalent o f this holiday pay. E xclude the
regu lar stra ig h t-tim e pay fo r w ork actually p erfo rm e d and prem iu m pay fo r
w ork on a holiday.
(P rem iu m pay is d e s crib e d in Item 6 - C - l . )

4.

Paid m ilita ry , ju ry , w itn ess, voting, and p erson a l lea ve. R eport total p a y m ents m ade t>y the com pany, d ir e ctly to the w ork ers during the y e a r and the
m an -h ou rs equivalent to these paym ents fo r m ilita ry , ju ry , w itn ess, o r
voting leave, o r leave granted fo r p erson a l reasons such as death in the
fam ily, tim e o ff fo r p e r fe c t attendance, etc.

P rem iu m s A bove Regular Pay
In this section it is n e ce ss a ry to distinguish between the regu lar h ourly rate fo r
w ork during the n orm a l day hours and the extra amounts paid fo r w ork after the
regu lar day h ours, on h olidays, etc.
Only expenditures fo r the extra pay a re
to be rep orted h ere; exclude the portion that rep resen ts the regu lar rate.
R e­
port total expenditures during 1962 fo r the prem iu m s fo r each type o f w ork
listed; do not rep ort the rate o f pay.
1.

P rem iu m pay fo r daily ov ertim e, w eekly ov ertim e, and weekend and holiday
w ork .
Include only pay above the regu lar h ourly ra tes.
Thus, if an em p loyee who receiv ed $ 1 .5 0 an hour fo r stra ig h t-tim e was
paid an additional $ 0 .7 5 an hour as prem iu m for o v ertim e, the overtim e
expenditures rep orted h ere should include only the $ 0 .7 5 overtim e p r e ­
m ium .
Include prem iu m pay fo r Saturday and Sunday o r fo r 6th and
7th days as such.
F o r prem iu m pay fo r h oliday w ork, it is n e ce ss a ry to distinguish between
the extra pay for w ork on a holiday, the paym ent at the regu lar rate fo r
w ork p e rfo rm e d , and the holiday pay the w orker would have receiv ed if he
had not w orked.
Total expenditures fo r holidays which w ere w orked should
be defined as follow s to obtain expenditures for prem iu m pay:

125

Exclude regu lar stra ig h t-tim e pay fo r w ork actually p e rfo rm e d . Exclude the
holiday pay the em p loyee would have re ce iv e d if he had not w orked.
The
balance is the prem iu m fo r w ork on h olida ys, which should be rep orted h e re .

2.

6 -D .

E X AM PLE:

E m ployee was paid d ou b le-tim e fo r w ork on a paid holiday.
That is , he was paid his regu lar stra ig h t-tim e pay fo r w ork
p e rfo rm e d and the holiday pay he would have rece iv e d if he had
not w orked.
In this ca s e , no expenditure fo r prem iu m pay
would be rep orted h ere.

E X AM PLE:

E m ployee was paid d ou b le-tim e and o n e-h a lf fo r w ork on a paid
holiday. That is , he was paid his regu lar stra ig h t-tim e pay fo r
w ork p e r fo r m e d , the holiday pay he would have re ce iv e d if he
had not w orked, and an extra h a lf-tim e as a holiday prem iu m .
In this ca s e , only the expenditures fo r the on e-h a lf tim e should
be rep orted h ere.

E X AM PLE:

E m ployee was paid tr ip le -tim e fo r w ork on what would have
been a paid holiday. O n e-th ird o f this pay should be rep orted
as expenditures fo r prem iu m pay.

EXAM PLE:

E m ployee was paid tim e -a n d -o n e -h a lf fo r w ork
h oliday. That is , he would have re ce iv e d no pay
w orked.
In this ca se, the expenditures on the
should be rep orted as prem iu m pay fo r w ork

on an unpaid
if he had not
on e-h a lf tim e
on a holiday.

D ifferen tia l fo r shift w ork . Include only shift p rem iu m pay above the regu lar
h ourly rates fo r the day shift. This c o v e r s not only d ifferen tia l paid in the
fo rm o f a higher h ourly rate, but a lso sp e cia l paym ents to la te -s h ift w ork ers
fo r m ea l p eriod s and fo r any bther hours not w orked by them but paid for*
(e. g . , if la te -s h ift w ork ers r e ce iv e 8 hours* pay fo r l llz hours* w ork, c o m ­
pared with 8 hours* w ork fo r the day shift, total expenditures fo r the V2
h ou r! s pay should be rep orted as shift d ifferen tia l).

C h ristm as.

Y earend.

and O ther Irregu la r Bonuses

R eport sp e cia l bonus paym ents made at the end o f the calen dar o r f is c a l y ea r o r
during the Christm as sea son .
Include only cash paym ents. Exclude regu la rly
paid bonuses (such as w eekly and m onthly p rodu ction bonuses) and bonuses in the
fo rm o f m erch a n dise.
7 -A .




L eg ally R equired Insurance
R eport the net lia b ility in cu rred by the com pany fo r the y ea r 1962 fo r em p loyee
benefit p rog ra m s that a re req u ired by law. Exclude em p loyee contributions to the
paym ents. R eport the net lia b ility in cu rred fo r 1962 rather than the amount paid
during 1962. F or exam ple, rep ort S ocia l Secu rity tax paym ents fo r the fourth
quarter o f 1962, even though they w ere paid jja the fir s t quarter o f 1963. Exclude
paym ents fo r the fourth quarter o f 1961, even though they w ere paid in the fir s t
quarter of 1962.
1.

S ocia l Secu rity Taxes (FICA) fo r O ld -A g e, S u rv iv ors, and D isa b ility In su r­
a n ce.
R eport the lia b ility in cu rred fo r \1962 rather than the amount paid
during 1962. NOTE: If you obtain your figu res fr o m you r “ Q uarterly R eport
o f Wages Taxable Under the F ed era l Insurance Contributions A ct (fo r S ocia l
S e c u r it y )," (F o rm 941), p lea se exclu de amounts deducted fro m em ployees*
pay.

2.

U nem ploym ent C om pensation.
R eport separately paym ents to State g ov ern ­
m ents and to the F ed era l G overnm ent.

3.

Workmen*s C om pensation.
R eport net expenditures during the y ea r fo r in ­
surance prem iu m s (i. e., prem iu m s le s s refunds) and paym ents to State funds.
If under
total net
benefits
fir s t-a id

State laws you r com pany qu alifies as a s e lf-in s u r e r , rep ort the
expenditures made during the y ea r fo r W o rk m e n s Com pensation
that a re requ ired by law.
Do not include costs o f m ed ica l and
s e r v ic e s n orm a lly supplied by the com pany.

126

4.

7 -B .




Qther, including State T em p ora ry D isability Insurance,
S pecify each other
leg a lly requ ired p rog ra m fo r which expenditures w ere m ade. Include total
paym ents m ade to insurance c a r r ie r s , to State o r other funds, o r d ir e ctly
to the em ployee fo r those benefits req u ired by law which have not been a c ­
counted fo r elsew h ere in this section .
E xam ples of item s to be included
h ere are: R ailroad retirem en t ben efits, ra ilroa d unem ploym ent in su rance,
and State T em p ora ry D isa b ility Insurance. (T em p ora ry D isa b ility Insurance
laws co v e r w ork ers in the States o f C aliforn ia, New J e r s e y , New Y ork, and
Rhode Island, and in the ra ilroa d industry throughout the country. Include
paym ents made by the establishm ent d ir e ctly to em p loyees under s e lf in su rance p rov ision s o f the law. W here leg a lly req u ired em p loyer expendi­
tures fo r T em p ora ry D isa b ility Insurance cannot be isola ted fro m em p loyer
paym ents fo r other benefits rep orted on the questionnaire, p lea se indicate
this fa ct in the "R e m a rk s " section and a lso the item which includes the p a y­
m ents fo r T em p ora ry D isability In su ra n ce.)

P riva te W elfare Plans
Exclude insurance already rep orted under Item 6 -B , P aid L eave, and Item 7 -A ,
L eg ally Required Insurance.
E xclude w ork er contributions to the paym ents.
Include com pany paym ents to funds and to plans financed through p r o fit sharing.
F o r paym ents to insurance c a r r ie r s rep ort only net expenditures (i. e . , prem iu m s
le s s reb a tes, refunds, and dividends re ce iv e d during the y ea r, unless they go
to pu rch ase additional in su rance). Include prem iu m s fo r dependents o r retired
em p loyees.
1.
2.

L ife in su rance, a ccid ental death and d ism em b erm en t in su rance, and death
ben efits, and
H ospitalization, sick n ess and accid ent in su rance, and m e d ica l plan s. R eport
net expenditures fo r in su rance prem iu m s and paym ents to w elfa re funds.
Exclude adm inistrative expenses in cu rred by the com pany and em p loyee co n ­
tributions to the paym ents fo r the plan. Include paym ents fo r tra v el a ccid ent
in su rance in Item 7 - B - l .

3.

P en sion and retirem en t plan s.
R eport prem iu m s paid by the com pany to an
insurance c a r r ie r , le s s dividends o r other cre d its ; com pany paym ents into
an irre v o ca b le trust fund; and com pany paym ents to p en sion ers under p a y a s -y o u -g o plans (i. e . , unfunded plan s). Paym ents fo r past s e r v ic e liability
as w ell as cu rren t s e r v ic e cred its should be rep orted . Exclude a d m in is­
trative costs in cu rred by the com pany and em p loyee contributions to the
paym ents fo r the plans.

4.

Vacation and h oliday funds.
R eport total paym ents during the y ea r
arate funds (such as union-m anagem ent funds) which a re given the
sib ility fo r disbu rsing vacation and holiday benefits to w o rk e rs .
w ork er paym ents into such funds. Company paym ents d ir e ctly to the
should be rep orted under P aid Leave (Item s 6 - B - l and 6 -B -3 ).

5.

Severan ce o r d is m is s a l pay.
This item c o v e r s plans which a re designed to
p rov id e paym ents in ca se o f lo s s o f em ploym ent. N orm ally, they p rovid e
lu m p-su m paym ents. T hese plans a re a lso r e fe r r e d to as term in ation o r
la y off pay plans. R eport paym ents m ade by the com pany during the y ea r,
d ir e ctly to separated w ork ers o r to funds which a re resp on sib le fo r making
such paym ents to separated w ork ers. Paym ents to plans which a re p r im a rily
supplem ental unem ploym ent benefit plans should be rep orted in Item 7 -B -6 .

6.

Supplemental unem ploym ent b en efits.
This item co v e rs plans which are
designed p r im a rily to p rovid e benefits which supplem ent leg a lly requ ired
unem ploym ent com pensation b en efits. R eport paym ents during 1962 to s e p ­
arate funds and net expenditures fo r in su rance prem iu m s (i. e . , total p r e ­
m ium s le s s dividends and other refunds re ce iv e d in 1962),
Expenditures
fo r severa n ce pay should be rep orted in Item 7 -B -5 .

7.

Savings and th rift plan s.
Under these plans, w ork er savings a re sup ple­
m ented by com pany contributions. R eport cash paym ents, m ade by the c o m ­
pany during the y ea r, to a separate fund o r to w orker accou n ts. Exclude
in terest cred ited to the w orker*s account. A lso exclude paym ents m ade in
the fo rm o f stock and paym ents m ade under arrangem ents which a re p r i ­
m a rily pension plans. Paym ents to funds which a re p r im a rily designed to
p rov id e pension o r retirem en t benefits a re to be rep orted in Item 7 - B -3 .

8.

O ther. R eport total paym ents made to in su rance c a r r ie r s , to union o r other
funds, o r d ir e ctly to the w ork er fo r those plans which have not been cov ered
elsew h ere in this section . Do not include the co s t of providin g such e m ­
ploy ee .serv ices as parking fa c ilitie s , in -plant m ed ica l ca re, and ca feteria s.
(H ow ever, d ir e ct paym ents to em p loyees fo r m eals should be rep orted h ere,
unless they constitute sim ply a prem iu m fo r la te -s h ift w ork, in which ca se
they should be rep orted in Item 6 - C - 2 . )

to s e p ­
res p o n ­
Exclude
w ork er

B L S Publications on Employer Expenditures for Supplementary Compensation

Bulletin
number
1308

1332

1419

1413

Price
Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary Remuneration Practices
for Production Workers in Manufacturing Industries, 1959 (1962).

65 cents

Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary Remuneration Practices
for Production Workers in Mining Industries, 1960 (1963).

45 cents

Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary Remuneration Practices:
Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate Industries, 1961 (1964).

45 cents

Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary Compensation Practices
for Production and Related Workers, Meatpacking and Processing
Industries, 1962 (1964).

25 cents

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Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary Remuneration Practices for
Production Workers in Manufacturing Industries, 1959 (1962), BLS Bulletin 1308.
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Production Workers in Mining Industries, 1960 (1963), BLS Bulletin 1332.
Employer Expenditines for Selected Supplementary Remuneration Practices: Finance,
Insurance, and Real Estate Industries, 1961 (1964), BLS Bulletin 1419.
Employer Expenditures for Selected Supplementary Compensation Practices for
Production and Related Workers, Meatpacking and Processing Industries, 1962
(1964), BLS Bulletin 1413.
* U S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1965 0 - 7 7 1 - 2 2 4




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