Full text of Employee Earnings in Selected Metropolitan Areas of the South, June 1961-June 1962 : Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. 1403

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Co/y <zm yer)

EMPLOYEE EARNINGS
IN SELECTED
METROPOLITAN AREAS
OF THE SOUTH

JUNE 1961-JUNE 1962

DRURY COLLEGE LIBRARY
U. S. DEPOSITORY COPY
AUG

3 1 1964

Bulletin No. 1403

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan C lagu e , Com m issioner




EMPLOYEE EARNINGS
IN SELECTED
METROPOLITAN AREAS
OF THE SOUTH
JUNE 1961-JUNE 1962

Bulletin No. 1403
July 1964

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, W ashington, D .C., 2 0 4 0 2 - Price 30 cents









Preface
T his bulletin p resen ts estim a tes of em ploym ent
and earnings for n on su p ervisory em p loyees in m anufac­
turing and selected nonm anufacturing in d u stries in nine
m etropolitan areas of the South with populations of betw een
100,000 and 150,000. The resu lts of this su rvey rela te to
June of 1961 and 1962 which perm it an exam ination of
w age changes occurring during a period when the F ed era l
m inim um w age w as in crea sed from $1 to $ 1 . 1 5 , and a
$ 1 m inim um wage w as extended to w orkers brought under
the p rovision s of the F air Labor Standards Act for the
first tim e on Septem ber 3, 1961. The su rvey, m ade by
the Bureau of Labor S ta tistics, w as part of a broad p ro ­
gram of studies initiated by the D epartm ent of Labor for
continuing ap p raisal of F ed era l m inim um w age leg isla tio n .
The W age and Hour and Public C ontracts D ivision s
participated in the planning of the su rvey and provided the
n e cessa r y funds. T his study w as conducted in the B ureau's
D ivision of N ational W age and Salary Incom e by N orm an J.
S am u els, C hief of the D ivision , under the gen eral d irection
of L. R. L in senm ayer, A ssista n t C om m ission er for W ages
and Industrial R elation s. The an alysis w as prepared by
Joseph K. C occo, under the im m ediate su p erv isio n of
H erbert Schaffer.

m




Contents

Page
S u m m a r y -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------C h a r a c te r is tic s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S e le c te d m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s of th e South:
A m a r illo , T e x --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A s h e v ille , N . C -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------D u rh a m , N . C ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------H u n tsv ille , A la -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------L ak e C h a r le s , L a -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------L e x in g to n , K y---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------M o n ro e, L a ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------T u s c a lo o s a , A l a ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------W ich ita F a lls , T e x -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1
4
7
9
10
12
13
15
17
19
21

C h a rts:
1. P a y le v e ls fo r m a n u fa ctu rin g and n o n m a n u factu rin g
in d u s tr ie s in 9 so u th ern m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s ,
Jun e 1962 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. W age d istr ib u tio n fo r n o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s at
$ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e in m a n u fa ctu rin g and at
$ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e in r e ta il tr a d e , June 1961
and June 1 9 6 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2
5

T a b le s:
P e r c e n ta g e d istr ib u tio n o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s by
a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a r n in g s, s e le c te d in d u str y
g r o u p s, June 1961 and June 1962:
1. A m a r illo , T e x --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. A s h e v ille , N . C -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. D u rh a m , N . C ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 . H u n tsv ille , A la -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. L ak e C h a r le s , L a -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6. L e x in g to n , K y---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7. M o n ro e, L a ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8. T u s c a lo o s a , A l a ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9. W ich ita F a lls , T e x -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

A p p en d ix es:
A . S cop e and m eth od of s u r v e y -------------------------------------------------------------------------B . Q u e stio n n a ir e ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------




v

33
35




Employee Earnings in Selected Metropolitan Areas
of the South, June 1961 and June 1962
S u m m a ry
P a y le v e ls for n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s in n in e so u th ern m e tr o p o lita n
a r e a s s e le c te d fo r s tu d y 1 d iffe r e d by as m u ch a s 44 p e r c e n t, ra n g in g fro m
$ 1 .5 1 an hour in A s h e v ille , N . C . , to $ 2 .1 8 in L ak e C h a r le s , L a ., in June 1962.
A m on g th e re m a in in g a r e a s , h o w e v e r , a v e r a g e e a r n in g s d iffe r e d by no m o r e than
10 p e r c e n t, fro m $ 1 .7 0 to $ 1 .8 7 an h o u r, a s sh ow n on ch a r t 1. T he p r o p o rtio n s
of w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s than $ 1 an hour v a r ie d fr o m 6 to 13 p e r c e n t, w h ile
fro m 21 to 34 p e r c e n t a v e r a g e d le s s th an $ 1 .2 5 an hour am ong th e n in e a r e a s .
C o m p a r a tiv e ly g r e a te r d iffe r e n c e s w e r e found in the p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s ea rn in g
$ 2 or m o r e an h o u r, w h ich ra n g ed fr o m 16 to 55 p e r c e n t.
T h e d is p e r s io n o f in d iv id u a l ea r n in g s fo r the m id d le h a lf o f th e a r e a
w o r k e r s v a r ie d w id e ly as sh ow n in th e fo llo w in g ta b u la tio n . E a rn in g s w e r e c o m ­
p r e s s e d o v e r a 5 7 -c e n t ra n g e in A s h e v ille , c o m p a r e d w ith a sp r e a d of $ 1 .6 9 in
L ak e C h a r le s . T h e ra n ge of su ch ea r n in g s w a s le s s th an $ 1 in fou r o th er a r e a s
and m o r e than $ 1 in th e re m a in in g th r e e a r e a s . T h e ex ten t to w h ich th e w a g e
d istr ib u tio n d e p a rted fr o m s y m m e tr y in e a c h of th e a r e a s is r e fle c te d in the
d iffe r e n c e b e tw een the m ea n (the a r ith m e tic a v e r a g e o f a ll th e in d iv id u a l h o u rly
e a r n in g s) and th e m ed ia n (the am ount b elo w and a b ove w h ich ea r n in g s fo r
50 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s a re foun d). Such d iffe r e n c e s v a r ie d fro m 4 c e n ts an
hou r in L ake C h a r le s , to 27 c e n ts an h ou r in H u n tsv ille , A la . , and w e r e at le a s t
14 c e n ts in fiv e o th er a r e a s . A v e r a g e (m ean ) e a r n in g s e x c e e d e d m ed ia n ea r n in g s
in ea ch o f the nin e a r e a s .
Area

Interquartile ran g e1

Cents-per-hour advantage
of the m ean over the
m edian

A m arillo, T ex ----------------------Asheville, N. C --------------------Durham, N. C ----------------------Huntsville, A la --------------------Lake Charles, L a------------------Lexington, K y ----------------------Monroe, L a -------------------------Tuscaloosa, Ala .-------------------W ichita Falls, T e x ----------------

$1.26—$2. 17
1.19— 1.76
1.21— 2.17
1 .2 0 - 2.29
1.30— 2.99
1.24— 2.30
1» 18— 2,16
1.17— 2.40
1.21— 2.07

$0.20
.09
.08
.27
.0 4
.1 4
.15
.18
.18

1
The lim its of the interquartile range and the m edian were determ ined by
interpolation within a 5- or 10-cent wage interval shown in the tables.

In m a n u fa ctu rin g
n o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s
in L ak e C h a r le s at $ 2 . 69.
hou r in fou r o th er a r e a s

in d u s tr ie s , the le v e l o f s tr a ig h t-tim e ea r n in g s for
rank ed lo w e st in A s h e v ille at $ 1. 58 an hou r and h ig h e st
M an u factu rin g a v e r a g e s w e r e b etw een $ 1. 7 5 and $ 2 an
and ab o v e $ 2 in tw o o t h e r s .12 R e la tiv e ly few fa c to r y

1 The survey covered most m ajor industry divisions except agriculture and government in 9 Standard
M etropolitan Statistical Areas in the South which had populations of 100,000 to 150,000 (according to the 1960
census). Other industry exceptions were petroleum and natural gas production; railroad transportation; and nonprofit
religious, charitable, educational, and humane organizations. See appendix A for a more detailed description of the
scope and m ethod of survey and definitions of terms.
2 Insufficient data were obtained for manufacturing in Huntsville, Ala. , to warrant separate presentation.




1

Chart 1. Pay Levels for Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries in
9 Southern Metropolitan Areas, June 1962

A V E R A G E HOURLY E A R N IN G S

A V E R A G E HOURL Y E A R N I N G S
$ 3 .0 0

$3.00

$ 2 .5 0

$ 2.50

2. 00

$ 2.00

$

$ 1 .5 0

$150

$ 1.00

$1 0 0




ASHVILLE,
NORTH CAROLINA
J/

W ICHITA FALLS, TEXAS

DURHAM,
NORTH CAROLINA

Insufficient manufacturing data to warrant presentation.

MONROE. LOUISIANA

AMARILLO, TEXAS

TUSCALOOSA,
ALABAMA

LEXINGTON,
KENTUCKY

HUNTSVILLE, ALARAMA

LAKE CHARLES,
LOUISIANA

3

w o r k e r s in any o f the a r e a s w e r e p aid le s s than th e $ 1 .1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m ,
w h ich w a s in e ffe c t at th e tim e o f th e June 1962 s u r v e y . 3 H o w ev er , fr o m n e a r ly
a ten th to a lm o s t a fifth r e c e iv e d le s s than $ 1. 25 an h o u r, th e F e d e r a l m in im u m
e ffe c tiv e on S e p tem b er 3, 1963. In a ll a r e a s , th e m a jo r ity of th e w o r k e r s w ith
su ch e a r n in g s w e r e c o n c e n tr a te d at or ju st ab ove $ 1 . 15 an h o u r. T he p r o p o rtio n
of w o r k e r s ea rn in g $ 2 or m o r e an hou r d iffe r e d m o r e w id e ly am on g th e a r e a s ,
15 p e r c e n t in A s h e v ille and 84 p e r c e n t in L ake C h a r le s .
D iffe r e n c e s in in d u stry c o m p o sitio n la r g e ly a cco u n ted fo r th e v a r ia tio n
in fa c to r y e a r n in g s am on g th e a r e a s . F o r e x a m p le , r e la tiv e ly lo w e r p ayin g
in d u s tr ie s , su ch as food , t e x t ile s , and a p p a rel p r o v id e d th e m a jo r s o u r c e of
m a n u fa ctu rin g em p lo y m en t in A s h e v ille , w h e r e a s th e h ig h e r p ayin g p e tr o le u m
r e fin in g and c h e m ic a l in d u s tr ie s e m p lo y ed a su b sta n tia l p o rtio n o f th e fa c to r y
w o rk fo r c e in L ak e C h a r le s.
In th e n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s s tu d ie d ,4 a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s
ra n g ed fro m $ 1 .4 2 to $ 1 .9 0 in June 1962, a g a in in A s h e v ille and L ake C h a r le s .
A p p r o x im a te ly a ten th of the n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s in 6 o f th e 9 a r e a s ea rn ed le s s
than $ 1 an h o u r, and fr o m a h a lf to tw o -th ir d s in a ll o f the a r e a s had h o u rly
e a r n in g s b e tw e e n $ 1 and $ 2 . S ig n ifica n t c lu s te r s o f w o r k e r s w e r e found at the
$ 1—$ 1 .0 5 and $ 1. 15—$ 1 .2 0 pay in te r v a ls 5 in m o s t o f th e a r e a s stu d ied .
T he s m a lle r d is p e r s io n o f n o n fa cto ry than fa c to r y e a r n in g s is a ttrib u ta b le
in p a rt to th e g r e a te r s im ila r it y am on g th e a r e a s in th e d istr ib u tio n of w o r k e r s
am on g th e v a r io u s se g m e n ts o f n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s . F o r e x a m p le , in
6 o f the 9 a r e a s , r e ta il tra d e a cco u n ted fo r fro m 32 to 38 p e r c e n t o f th e n o n fa cto ry
w o r k e r s; tr a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u t ilitie s fro m 11 to 16 p e rcen t;
w h o le s a le tra d e fro m 7 to 16 p e r c e n t; and c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n fr o m 13 to
20 p e r c e n t.
T he e a r n in g s of n o n m a n u factu rin g w o r k e r s a v e r a g e d fro m 3 to 79 c e n ts
b e lo w th o se o f m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s in 8 o f th e 9 a r e a s w h e r e c o m p a r is o n s
w e r e p o s s ib le . P a y d iffe r e n c e s a p p ea red to be d ir e c tly r e la te d to th e le v e l of
m a n u fa ctu r in g e a r n in g s in th e a r e a . In th r e e a r e a s w h e re fa c to r y p ay le v e ls
w e r e th e lo w e s t, th e p ay a d van tage did not e x c e e d 16 c e n ts an hour; in th e tw o
m id d le ran k ed a r e a s , p ay d iffe r e n c e s w e r e 36 and 39 ce n ts; and in th e th r e e
a r e a s w ith th e h ig h e st p aid m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s , w a g e le v e ls w e r e 48 to
79 c e n ts an hou r h ig h e r than in n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g . H o w ev er , w hen ran k ed by
a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s, th e o r d e r o f c itie s w a s not a lw a y s id e n tic a l fo r both
m a n u fa ctu rin g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g . F o r e x a m p le , W ich ita F a lls and A m a r illo ,
T e x ., r e c o r d e d th e se c o n d and th ird lo w e st m a n u fa ctu r in g p ay l e v e ls , but w e r e
ra n k ed , r e s p e c tiv e ly , fifth and th ird fr o m th e top in n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g e a r n in g s.
A r e a w a g e le v e ls fo r a ll in d u s tr ie s in June 1962 w e r e fro m 5 to 14 c e n ts
an hou r h ig h e r than at th e tim e of th e e a r lie r su r v e y in Jun e 1961. N o n fa cto ry
w o r k e r s e x p e r ie n c e d a g r e a te r in c r e a s e in a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s than fa c to r y
w o r k e r s in e a c h o f th e a r e a s w h e r e c o m p a r is o n s w e r e p o s s ib le e x c e p t A s h e v ille ,
w h e r e th e m a n u fa ctu rin g w a g e le v e l fo r both y e a r s w a s th e lo w e st am on g th e
a r e a s . C en ts p e r hour in c r e a s e s in a v e r a g e h o u r ly ea r n in g s in n o n m a n u factu rin g
w e r e as h ig h a s 13 c e n ts in th r e e a r e a s and fr o m 10 to 12 in th r e e o th e r s . T he
la r g e s t g a in in m a n u fa ctu r in g , on th e o th er hand, w a s 8 c e n ts an h o u r.
3 Not all workers in manufacturing are subject to the m inim um wage provisions of the Fair Labor Standards
A ct. In addition to those engaged in intrastate com m erce, others are exem pt under conditions specified in sec. 13 of
the act as am ended by Public Law 87—30, approved Sept. 3, 1961.
See footnote 1 for excluded industries.
For ease of reading in this and subsequent discussions of tabulations, the lim its of the class intervals are
designated as $1—$1.05, or from $1 to $1.05, or between $1 and $1.05, instead of using the more precise terminology
of "$1 and under $1. 05. "
C




4

C h a n ges in th e d istr ib u tio n of m a n u fa ctu rin g e a r n in g s w e r e in flu e n c e d ,
in p a r t, by th e in c r e a s e in the F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e fr o m $ 1 to $ 1. 1 5 an h o u r.
T he ex ten t o f th e ch an g e d ep en d ed on th e p r o p o rtio n of th e a r e a 's fa c to r y w o r k e r s
at th e lo w e r end o f th e pay s c a le p r io r to th e e ffe c tiv e d ate of th e n ew m in im u m ,
a s sh ow n in ch a rt 2. In June 1961— 3 m o n th s b e fo r e th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m
b e c a m e e ffe c tiv e — fr o m 5 to 16 p e r c e n t of the fa c to r y w o r k e r s e a rn ed le s s than
$ 1 . 15 an h o u r . In June 1962, fe w e r th an 5 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s in any of the
a r e a s w e r e p aid le s s than th at am ou n t. B e tw e e n s u r v e y s , th e p r o p o rtio n of
w o r k e r s at th e $ 1 . 15—$ 1 .2 0 w a g e in te r v a l d ou b led and in so m e a r e a s m o r e than
tr ip le d . In e a c h a r e a , th e p r o p o rtio n o f fa c to r y w o r k e r s c o n c e n tr a te d at o r ju st
a b ove th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m in June 1962 w a s g r e a te r than th e p r o p o rtio n
at or ju st ab o v e th e $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m in e ffe c t in Jun e 1961.
C h a n ges in th e w a g e d istr ib u tio n o f fa c to r y w o r k e r s w e r e not r e s tr ic te d
s o le ly to th e lo w e r p ay le v e ls . A s lig h tly la r g e r p r o p o r tio n o f w o r k e r s ea rn ed
$ 2 or m o r e an h ou r in June 1962 th an in June 1 9 61 , in a ll of the a r e a s in
w h ich c o m p a r is o n s co u ld be m a d e e x c e p t in A m a r illo and W ich ita F a lls , w h e re
s m a ll d e c r e a s e s o c c u r r e d .
In n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s , th e a p p lic a tio n o f a $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m ,
m o s tly to r e ta il tr a d e e m p lo y e e s , co u p led w ith th e in c r e a s e in th e F e d e r a l
m in im u m fo r p r e v io u s ly c o v e r e d e m p lo y e e s , p ro d u ced a tw o -p r o n g e d e ffe c t on the
d istr ib u tio n of e a r n in g s. S u b sta n tia l re d u c tio n s o c c u r r e d in th e p r o p o r tio n s of
n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s p a id le s s than $ 1 an h ou r and le s s th an $ 1 . 15 b e tw een June
o f 1961 and 1962 in e a c h of the a r e a s . C o n c o m ita n tly , th e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s
at or ju st ab o v e th e $ 1 .1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m in c r e a s e d m a r k e d ly . A lth ou gh m an y
o f th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s at th e $ 1—$ 1 .0 5 w a g e in te r v a l in June 1961 w e r e r a is e d
to th e h ig h e r m in im u m , the e ffe c t on th e e a r n in g s d istr ib u tio n w a s m o d ifie d by
th e m o v e m e n t into th is w a g e in te r v a l of th e n e w ly p r o te c te d w o r k e r s . L ittle
ch an g e w a s n o ted in th e p r o p o rtio n of n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s at th e $ 1 —$ 1 .0 5 w a g e
in te r v a l b e tw een s u r v e y y e a r s .
T h e im p a ct o f the $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e w a s m o r e a p p a ren t w hen
ea r n in g s of r e ta il e m p lo y e e s w e r e e x a m in ed s e p a r a te ly . Up to h a lf and no fe w e r
than a fifth of th e r e ta il w o r k e r s e a rn ed le s s than $ 1 in June 1961. B y June
1962, su ch p r o p o r tio n s w e r e m o r e th an h a lv ed in m o s t of the a r e a s , w h ile th o se
c o n c e n tr a te d at or ju st ab ove th e $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m at le a s t d ou b led in th r e e
a r e a s and in c r e a s e d by tw o -th ir d s or m o r e in th r e e o th e r s .
F o c u s on th e w a g e ch a n g es in w h o le s a le tr a d e illu m in a te d the e ffe c ts of
the in c r e a s e of th e F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e on n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s su b ject
to th e F a ir L ab or S tan d a rd s A ct p r io r to S e p tem b er 1961. In June 1961, fro m
11 to 43 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s e a rn ed l e s s th an $ 1 . 15 an h ou r and fe w e r than
16 p e r c e n t w e r e at th e $ 1 .1 5 —$ 1 .2 0 w a g e in te r v a l in th e s ix a r e a s fo r w h ich
w h o le s a le tra d e d ata w e r e a v a ila b le s e p a r a te ly . No m o r e th an 5 p e r c e n t o f th e
w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s th an $ 1 . 15 in any of th e s e a r e a s in Jun e 1962, and fro m
10 to 46 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s w e r e c o n c e n tr a te d at or ju st ab o v e th e $ 1 . 15
F e d e r a l m in im u m .
C h a r a c te r is tic s
T he n in e m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s s e le c te d fo r stu d y in th e South e a c h had
p o p u la tio n s of fr o m 100, 000 to 150, 000 a c c o r d in g to th e I960 c e n s u s . A s show n in
th e ta b u la tio n on th e fo llo w in g p a g e , A m a r illo , T e x . , had th e la r g e s t p o p u la tion
am on g th e a r e a s w ith 1 4 9 ,4 9 3 and M o n ro e, L a ., had th e s m a lle s t w ith 1 0 1 ,6 6 3 .



5
Chari 2. Wage Distribution for Nonsupervisory Employees
at $1.15 Federal Minimum Wage in Manufacturing
and at $1 Federal Minimum Wage in Retail Trade,
June 1961 and June 1962
RETAIL TRADE
50

PERCENT
30
20

40

MANUFACTURING
10

0

0

AMARILLO, TEXAS
Under $1.00

Under

$1.15

$ 1 . 0 0 - $ 1.05

$ 1 .1 5 - $ 1.20

ASHEVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA
Under $ 1.00

Under $1.15

$ l. 0 0 -$ l. 0 5

$1.1 5 - $1.20

DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA
Under $ 1 0 0

Under $1.15

$1.0 0 - i> l. 0 5

$ 1 .1 5 - $1.20

HUNTSVILLE, ALARAMA
U n d e r- S 1.00

J/

$1.00 - $ 1.05

J/

LAKE CHARLES, LOUISIANA
Under $1.00

Under $1.15

$1 0 0 - $ l . 0 5

$1.15 — $ 1 .2 0

LEXINGTON, KENTUCKY
Under $1.00

Under $ 1.15

$ 1 0 0 -$ ! 05

$1.15 — $ 1.20

MONROE, LOUISIANA
Under $1.00

Under $1.15

$ 1 . 0 0 - $1.05

$1.1 5 - $1 2 0

TUSCALOOSA, ALARAMA
Under $1,00

Under $1.15

$ 1 .0 0- $ 1.05

$1.15- $ 1.20

WICHITA FALLS, TEXAS
Under $ 1.00

U nder $1.15

$ 1 .0 0 - $ 1.05

$ 1 .1 5 - S I . 2 0

Insufficient manufacturing data to warrant presentation.




10

PERCENT
20
30

40

50

6

Area

Estimated number Percent of nonof nonsupervisory
supervisory
workers in
Counties included Population workers included
(1960
in the survey
m anufacturing
in m etropolitan
census)
(June 1962)
(June 1962)
area

A m arillo, T e x --------- Potter and Randall

149,493

21,800

15

A sheville, N .C --------

Buncombe

130,074

26,300

55

Durham, N .C -----------

Durham

111,995

23,800

47

Huntsville, A la ------Lake Charles, L a------

Madison
Calasieu Parish

117,348
145,475

17,600
18,200

21
36

Lexington, K y ---------

Fayette

131,906

24,800

31

Monroe, La--------------

Ouachita Parish

101,663

15,800

35

Tuscaloosa, A la-------

Tuscaloosa

109,047

14,800

49

129,638

14,900

19

W ichita Falls, Tex — Archer and Wichita

Major manufacturing
industries
Food and kindred products,
m achinery (except
electrical).
Textile m ill products,
chem icals, and allied
products.
Tobacco manufactures
(cigarettes).
Textile m ill products.
Petroleum refining, petro­
chem icals.
N onelectrical m achinery,
food products, electrical
m achinery.
Pulp, paper, and allied
products, chem icals.
Primary m etals, paper
products, rubber, m iscella­
neous plastics, food,
lum ber.
Food and kindred products,
apparel, m achinery (except
electrical), printing.

N o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s w ith in th e sc o p e of th e s u r v e y , ra n g ed fro m
14, 800 in T u s c a lo o s a , A la . , to 26, 300 in A s h e v ille , N . C . in June 1962. E m p lo y e e s
w ith in sc o p e o f th e s u r v e y d iffe r e d by no m o r e than 5 p e r c e n t b e tw e e n th e June
1961 and 1962 s u r v e y s in ea ch o f th e a r e a s e x c e p t H u n tsv ille , w h e re em p lo y m en t
w a s about a fifth h ig h e r in 1962 than in 1961. T h e d istr ib u tio n of em p lo y m en t
am ong th e in d u str y d iv is io n s w a s a p p r o x im a te ly th e sa m e in both s u r v e y p e r io d s
in e a c h of th e a r e a s . A t that tim e , m a n u fa ctu r in g in d u s tr ie s in A s h e v ille , N .C . ,
a cco u n ted fo r a s m a n y as 55 p e r c e n t of th e a r e a w o r k e r s in clu d ed in th e su r v e y
and in A m a r illo , T e x . , fo r as few as 15 p e r c e n t. In H u n tsv ille and W ich ita F a lls ,
about a fifth o f th e w o r k e r s w e r e em p lo y ed in m a n u fa ctu r in g , w h ile in th e o th er
fiv e a r e a s th e p r o p o rtio n of fa c to r y w o r k e r s ra n g ed fro m th r e e -te n th s to a lm o s t
h a lf. R e ta il tr a d e , g e n e r a lly , w a s th e p red o m in a n t n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g a c tiv ity
stu d ied , em p lo y in g fro m about a fo u rth of th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s in H u n tsv ille
to tw o -fifth s in T u s c a lo o s a , A la . F r o m a ten th to s lig h tly m o r e than a fifth of
th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s w e r e e m p lo y ed in c o n tr a c t c o n s tr u c tio n , and fro m about
a ten th to n e a r ly a fifth w e r e in tr a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u t ilitie s
in eig h t o f th e a r e a s w h e r e su c h data w e r e a v a ila b le s e p a r a te ly . In H u n tsv ille ,
h o w e v e r , the s e r v ic e s in d u s tr ie s a cco u n ted fo r m o r e th an tw o -fifth s o f th e n o n ­
fa c to r y w o r k e r s , m o s t o f w h om w e r e e m p lo y ed in a c tiv itie s w h ich su p p o rt the
G o v ern m en t's sp a c e flig h t and b a llis t ic s m is s ile f a c ilit ie s .
In d u str ie s not c o v e r e d by th e s u r v e y , o f c o u r s e , p la y an im p o rta n t
e c o n o m ic r o le in m a n y of th e a r e a s . F o r e x a m p le , th e r a ilr o a d in d u str y is an
im p o rta n t p a rt o f th e in d u s tr ia l c o m p le x in A m a r illo , T e x ., w h e r e th r e e m a jo r
lin e s c o n v e r g e . A s h e v ille , N . C . , is a m a jo r m a rk e t fo r b u r le y to b a cc o w h ich ,
to g e th e r w ith p o u ltry and d a iry p r o d u c ts, c o n tr ib u te s to m a k in g B u n com b e C ounty
an im p o rta n t a g r ic u ltu r a l a r e a . S im ila r ly , D u rh a m , N .C . , is a m a jo r to b a c c o
m a r k e t. L e x in g to n , K y. , is a ls o w e ll know n as a c e n te r fo r b u r le y to b a c c o .
A lth ou gh L ak e C h a r le s , L a ., is lo c a te d in la n d , it fu n ctio n s a s a sh ip p in g c e n te r
fo r th e r ic e , o il, and p e tr o c h e m ic a l p r o d u c ts p ro d u ced in th e a r e a th ro u g h th e




7

u se o f a d e ep w a ter ch a n n el to th e G ulf o f M e x ic o . T h e cru d e p e tr o le u m and
n a tu ra l ga s e x tr a c tio n in d u s tr ie s a r e im p o rta n t e le m e n ts in th e e c o n o m y of
W ich ita F a lls , T e x . T u s c a lo o s a , A la . , is th e h o m e of th e U n iv e r s ity of A la b a m a .
One o f th e w o r ld 's la r g e s t n a tu ra l ga s fie ld s is lo c a te d in th e M o n ro e, L a . , a r e a .
S e le c te d M e tro p o lita n A r e a s o f th e South
A m a r illo , T e x .
An e s tim a te d 2 1 ,8 0 0 n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s w ith in th e sc o p e of the
s u r v e y a v e r a g e d , as a g ro u p , $ 1 . 7 8 an hour in June 1962. M ed ian e a r n in g s w e r e
20 c e n ts an hou r b elo w th is a v e r a g e . E a rn in g s fo r th e m id d le 50 p e r c e n t o f the
w o r k e r s ra n g ed fr o m $ 1. 26 to $ 2 . 1 7 an h ou r (ta b le 1).
F e w e r than a six th of the w o r k e r s s u r v e y e d w e r e e m p lo y ed in m a n u ­
fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , w h e r e the p ay le v e l w a s $ 1 . 8 0 an h o u r. A ten th of the
w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d le s s th an $ 1. 25 and h a lf of th is p r o p o rtio n w a s at or ju st above
the $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e . A lm o s t th r e e -fifth s of the w o r k e r s ea rn ed
$ 1 . 5 0 or m o r e an hour and o v er th r e e -te n th s ea rn ed at le a s t $ 2 an h o u r. F o od
p r o c e s s in g w a s the la r g e s t s in g le m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u str y em p lo y in g n e a r ly a th ird
o f A m a r illo 's fa c to r y w o r k e r s , fo llo w e d by m a c h in e r y (e x c e p t e le c t r ic a l) , w h ich
e m p lo y ed about a fo u rth . L u m b er and w ood p r o d u c ts, p rin tin g and p u b lish in g ,
and p r im a r y m e ta ls , w h en co m b in ed , a cco u n ted fo r a th ird of the fa c to r y
w o rk fo r c e .
In n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s , a v e r a g e e a r n in g s w e r e 3 c e n ts an hou r
le s s th an th e m a n u fa ctu rin g pay le v e l. A lth ou gh th e p r o p o rtio n o f n o n m a n u factu rin g
w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s th an $ 1 . 5 0 an hou r w a s s im ila r to th at for m a n u fa ctu r in g ,
a fo u rth o f th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s e a rn ed le s s th an $ 1. 25, and m o r e th an a six th
le s s than $ 1 . 1 5 an h o u r. A s lig h tly la r g e r p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s w e r e at the
$ 1 . 2 5 —$ 1 . 3 0 w a g e in te r v a l (8 p e rcen t) th an at th e $ 1 . 1 5 —$ 1 . 2 0 (5 p e rcen t) or
$ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 (7 p e rcen t) w a g e in te r v a ls .
In r e ta il tr a d e , a six th o f th e w o rK ers ea rn ed b e tw een $ 1 and $ 1 . 0 5
an hou r and th at grou p a cco u n ted fo r 85 p e r c e n t of th e n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s
w ith su ch e a r n in g s. A th ird of th e w o r k e r s e a r n e d le s s than $ 1 . 15, and a lm o s t
a ten th le s s than $ 1 an h o u r. A v e r a g e e a r n in g s fo r r e ta il w o r k e r s , w ho r e p ­
r e s e n te d m o r e than a th ird of th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s , w e r e $ 1 . 5 5 an h o u r.
In w h o le s a le tr a d e , w o r k e r s had a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e e a r n in g s o f $ 1 . 6 6
an h o u r. V ir tu a lly a ll o f th e w o r k e r s ea rn ed at le a s t $ 1 . 1 5 an h o u r. A ten th
of th e w o r k e r s w e r e at or ju st ab ove th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e , and a
lik e p r o p o rtio n w e r e at th e $ 1 . 2 5 —$ 1 . 3 0 p ay in te r v a l. In fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and
r e a l e s ta te , th e le v e l and d istr ib u tio n of e a r n in g s w e r e s im ila r to th o se n oted
for w h o le s a le tr a d e . S ig n ifica n t p r o p o rtio n s of w o r k e r s w e r e a ls o found at both
th e $ 1. 1 5—$ 1. 20 and $ 1 .2 5 —$ 1. 30 p ay in te r v a ls , 9 and 14 p e r c e n t, r e s p e c tiv e ly .
P a y le v e ls w e r e s u b sta n tia lly h ig h e r in c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n and t r a n s ­
p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u t ilit ie s , $ 2 . 6 4 and $ 2. 19» r e s p e c tiv e ly .
T h e se tw o in d u s tr ie s , w h en co m b in ed , a cco u n ted fo r s lig h tly m o r e than h a lf of
th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s ea rn in g at le a s t $ 2 an hou r and fo r tw o -th ir d s ea rn in g
$ 2 . 50 or m o r e an h o u r. S e v e n ty -th r e e p e r c e n t o f the c o n str u c tio n w o r k e r s
r e c e iv e d $ 2 or m o r e an hou r and 45 p e r c e n t, $ 3 or m o r e . In th e tr a n sp o r ta tio n ,
c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u tilitie s in d u stry g ro u p , the p r o p o rtio n s w ith su ch
ea r n in g s w e r e 57 and 10 p e r c e n t, r e s p e c tiv e ly .




8

W age C h a n g e s. T he a r e a p ay le v e l fo r a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s in ­
c r e a s e d by 6 c e n ts an hour b e tw een June o f 1961 and 1962. T h e p r o p o rtio n of
w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s than $ 1 . 15 an h ou r d e c lin e d fr o m 21 to 15 p e r c e n t, w h ile
th o se ea rn in g fro m $ 1 . 15 to $ 1 . 2 0 in c r e a s e d o n ly s lig h tly — fr o m 4 to 5 p e r c e n t.
C h a n ges in th e w a g e d istr ib u tio n a ls o o c c u r r e d at th e u p p er end o f th e p ay s c a le .
T he p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s ea rn in g $ 2 or m o r e , fo r e x a m p le , in c r e a s e d fro m
28 to 31 p e r c e n t.
In m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , a v e r a g e e a r n in g s in c r e a s e d by 3 c e n ts an
hour b e tw een s u r v e y y e a r s . O nly 2 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s w e r e p aid le s s than
th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e in Jun e 1962 co m p a r e d w ith 9 p e r c e n t in June
of 1961. P a r t of th is d e c lin e w a s o ffs e t by an in c r e a s e fr o m 2 to 5 p e r c e n t in
the p r o p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s ea rn in g b e tw een $ 1 . 1 5 and $ 1 . 2 0 an h o u r. A t th e o th er
end of th e w a g e s c a le , th e r e w a s a g r e a te r p r o p o rtio n o f fa c to r y w o r k e r s ea rn in g
$ 3 or m o r e in 1962 th an in 1961, 8 and 4 p e r c e n t, r e s p e c tiv e ly .
In n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s , a v e r a g e ea r n in g s in c r e a s e d by 6 c e n ts
an h ou r b e tw een Jun e o f 1961 and 1962. T h e in c r e a s e in the p r o p o rtio n of n o n ­
fa c to r y w o r k e r s ea rn in g $ 2 or m o r e an h o u r, fr o m 28 to 31 p e r c e n t, w a s a lm o s t
of th e sa m e m a g n itu d e a s th e r e d u c tio n of w o r k e r s p a id le s s th an $ 1 an h o u r,
fr o m 12 to 8 p e r c e n t. L ittle or no ch an g e o c c u r r e d in th e p r o p o rtio n o f n o n fa cto ry
w o r k e r s , as a w h o le , at the $ 1—$ 1 . 0 5 and $ 1. 15—$ 1. 20 p ay in te r v a ls .
W age ch a n g es in r e ta il tr a d e , h o w e v e r , r e fle c te d , in p a r t, th e in flu e n c e
of th e $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e .6 R e ta il w o r k e r s a cco u n ted fo r v ir tu a lly a ll
o f the r e d u c tio n in n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s than $ 1 an hou r b e tw een
s u r v e y s . In June 1961, m o r e th an a fifth of th e r e ta il w o r k e r s e a rn ed le s s than
$ 1 an hour and fe w e r than an eig h th w e r e at th e $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 w a g e in te r v a l. In
Jun e 1962, fe w e r th an a ten th e a rn ed le s s than $ 1 and a six th w e r e c o n c e n tr a te d
at or ju st ab ove th e $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m .
T h e e ffe c ts o f th e $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e w e r e a p p a ren t in w h o le ­
s a le tra d e and fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . In Jun e 1961, a p p r o x im a te ly
a ten th o f th e w o r k e r s in both in d u stry g ro u p s e a r n e d le s s th an $ 1 . 15 an h o u r.
In June 1962, a ll but 1 p e r c e n t of th e w o r k e r s in e ith e r grou p had su ch e a r n in g s,
and the p r o p o rtio n s at th e $1. 15—$1. 20 p ay in te r v a l in c r e a s e d fr o m 6 to 10 p e r c e n t
in w h o le s a le tra d e and fro m 4 to 9 p e r c e n t in fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .
T h e c o n c e n tr a tio n s at th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m in June 1962 w e r e about tw ic e
a s g r e a t as th e p r o p o r tio n s at the $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m in Jun e 1961. E a rn in g s
a v e r a g e d 2 c e n ts an h ou r m o r e in 1962 th an in 1961 in both in d u stry g r o u p s.
B y c o n tr a st, a v e r a g e h o u rly ea r n in g s fo r w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c o n ­
s tr u c tio n , and tr a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u t ilitie s a d v a n ced by
18 and 20 c e n ts an h o u r, r e s p e c tiv e ly . C h an ges in th e w a g e d istr ib u tio n s w e r e ,
fo r th e m o s t p a r t, r e s tr ic te d to th e h ig h e r p ay le v e ls . T h e p r o p o rtio n of c o n ­
s tr u c tio n w o r k e r s ea rn in g $ 2 or m o r e an h o u r, fo r e x a m p le , in c r e a s e d fro m
62 to 73 p e r c e n t and th e p r o p o rtio n in th e tr a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and
p u b lic u t ilitie s grou p w ith su ch e a r n in g s in c r e a s e d fr o m 44 to 57 p e r c e n t.
b Slightly more than two-fifths of Amarillo's retail trade workers in June 1962 were employed in establishments
which became subject to the Fair Labor Standards Act in September 1961.




9

A s h e v ille , N . C .
T h e June 1962 s u r v e y in clu d ed a p p r o x im a te ly 26, 300 n o n s u p e r v is o r y
w o r k e r s w h o, a s a gro u p , a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 5 1 an h o u r. M ed ian e a r n in g s w e r e $ 1 . 4 2
an h o u r. E a rn in g s fo r th e m id d le 50 p e r c e n t of th e w o r k e r s ra n g ed fro m $ 1 . 19
to $ 1 . 7 6 an h o u r. N e a r ly an eig h th o f th e w o r k e r s w e r e at th e $ 1 . 1 5 —$ 1 . 2 0
w a g e in te r v a l (ta b le 2).
In m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , w h e r e 55 p e r c e n t of th e a r e a w o rk fo r c e
w ith in the sc o p e o f th e s u r v e y w a s em p lo y e d , th e p ay le v e l w a s $ 1 . 5 8 an h o u r.
A n eig h th o f th e m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s w e r e c o n c e n tr a te d at or ju st ab ove the
$ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e , a fifth ea rn ed le s s th an $ 1 . 2 5 , and a lm o s t a
h a lf, le s s th an $ 1 . 5 0 . A bout h a lf of th e m a n u fa ctu rin g em p lo y m en t w a s ro u g h ly
d iv id ed b e tw een th e c h e m ic a l and t e x t ile s in d u s tr ie s . T e x tile w o r k e r s , w ho
a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 4 9 an h o u r, a cco u n ted fo r n e a r ly th r e e -te n th s of the fa c to r y w o r k e r s
ea rn in g le s s than $ 1 . 5 0 an h o u r. A cco u n tin g fo r about a n o th er th r e e -te n th s of
th e w o r k e r s w ith su ch e a rn in g s w e r e th o se in th e food and a p p a rel in d u s tr ie s ,
w h ich to g e th e r c o n stitu te d n e a r ly a fifth of th e fa c to r y w o r k e r s .
T h e p ay le v e l fo r n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s in clu d ed in th e su r v e y w as
16 c e n ts b elo w th e a v e r a g e fo r m a n u fa ctu r in g w o r k e r s . D iffe r e n c e s in th e w a g e
d istr ib u tio n b e tw e e n n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g and m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s w e r e m o r e
p ro n o u n ced at th e lo w e r than at th e u p p er end o f th e p ay s c a le . A lm o s t h a lf of
th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s (about 2 V2 tim e s the p r o p o rtio n o f fa c to r y w o r k e r s) ea rn ed
le s s th an $ 1 . 2 5 an h o u r, and a six th , le s s th an $ 1 . A bout eq u al p r o p o r tio n s of
w o r k e r s , a ten th , w e r e at th e $ 1 . 1 5 —$ 1 . 2 0 and $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 w a g e in te r v a ls .
R e ta il tra d e w o r k e r s , w ho c o m p r is e d n e a r ly tw o -fifth s of th e n o n m a n u ­
fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s , a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 3 0 an h o u r. E a rn in g s fo r h a lf of th e w o r k e r s
w e r e le s s than $ 1 . 15 an h o u r, a fifth w e r e p aid th e $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e,
and about a six th of th e w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d l e s s th an $ 1 an h o u r. M ore than
th r e e -fo u r th s of th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s at or ju st ab o v e th e $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m
w a g e and n e a r ly tw o -fifth s p aid le s s th an $1 an h ou r w e r e e m p lo y e d in r e ta il tr a d e .
W h o le sa le tra d e w o r k e r s a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 4 7 an h o u r. A fou rth o f th e w o r k e r s
w e r e c o n c e n tr a te d at th e $ 1 . 15—$ 1 . 2 0 w a g e in te r v a l, and th ey a cco u n ted fo r a
fou rth o f th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s w ith su ch e a r n in g s. A bout a th ird o f the w h o le ­
s a le tr a d e w o r k e r s w e r e c lu s te r e d b e tw een $ 1. 20 and $ 1 . 3 5 an h o u r.
P a y le v e ls in th e tr a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u tilitie s
grou p and c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n w e r e $ 1 . 8 2 and $ 1 . 7 8 an h o u r, r e s p e c tiv e ly .
N in e p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s in th e fo r m e r grou p and 14 p e r c e n t in th e la tte r
grou p e a rn ed fr o m $ 1 . 15 to $ 1 . 2 0 an h o u r. A lth ou gh fe w e r than tw o -fifth s of
th e w o r k e r s in ea ch in d u stry grou p ea rn ed $ 2 or m o r e an h o u r, a fifth o f the
tr a n sp o r ta tio n and p u b lic u tility w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d at le a s t $ 2 . 5 0 an h o u r, a lm o s t
tw ic e th e p r o p o rtio n of c o n str u c tio n w o r k e r s w ith su ch e a r n in g s.
W age C h a n g e s. B e tw een June of 1961 and 1962, the o v e r a ll a r e a pay
le v e l a d v a n ced by 5 c e n ts an h o u r. T he p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s p aid le s s than
$ 1 . 15 an h ou r d e c lin e d fro m 29 to 16 p e r c e n t and th o se p aid le s s th an $ 1 fr o m
14 to 8 p e r c e n t. A t the sa m e tim e , the p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s at th e $ 1 . 15 to
$ 1 . 2 0 w a g e in te r v a l in c r e a s e d fro m 4 to 12 p e r c e n t and th o se ea rn in g $ 1 . 2 5 or
m o r e an hour fr o m 63 to 68 p e r c e n t.




10

In m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s r o s e by 6 c e n ts an
hou r b e tw een s u r v e y y e a r s . T h e in c r e a s e in th e F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e fro m
$ 1 to $ 1 . 1 5 m a r k e d ly in flu e n c e d th e e a r n in g s of th e lo w e r p aid w o r k e r s . B e tw een
Jun e o f 1961 and 1962, th e p r o p o rtio n ea rn in g le s s th an $ 1 . 15 an h ou r d e c lin e d
fro m 14 to 2 p e r c e n t, w h ile th o se at or ju st ab o v e th e $ 1 . 15 m in im u m in c r e a s e d
fro m 5 to 13 p e r c e n t. C h an ges in th e w a g e d istr ib u tio n a ls o o c c u r r e d at h ig h e r
e a r n in g s le v e ls d u rin g th is p e r io d . F o r e x a m p le , th e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s
ea rn in g $ 2 o r m o r e an hour in c r e a s e d fr o m 10 to 15 p e r c e n t.
In n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , w o r k e r s ' e a r n in g s in Jun e 1962 a v e r a g e d
3 c e n ts an h ou r m o r e th an in June o f th e p r e v io u s y e a r . T h e p r o p o rtio n of
w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s than $ 1 . 15 an h ou r w a s red u ce d fr o m 45 p e r c e n t in 1961
to 33 p e r c e n t in 1962, w h ile th o s e p aid le s s than $1 d e c lin e d fro m 27 to 17 p e r c e n t.
R e fle c tin g th e r is e in th e F e d e r a l m in im u m , w a s an in c r e a s e fr o m 4 to 10 p e r c e n t
o f th e w o r k e r s at th e $1. 15—$1. 20 p ay in te r v a l. T h e p r o p o rtio n ea rn in g $ 1. 25 or
m o r e a ls o in c r e a s e d b e tw een s u r v e y y e a r s , fr o m 48 to 53 p e r c e n t. T h e e x te n sio n
o f the $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m r e s u lte d in litt le ch a n g e in th e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s
at th e $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 w a g e in te r v a l, 13 p e r c e n t in 1961 and 10 p e r c e n t in 1962.
T he ex ten t to w h ich th e $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m a ffe c te d e a r n in g s b e c a m e
m o r e a p p a ren t, h o w e v e r , w hen w a g e ch a n g es w e r e ex a m in e d in r e ta il tr a d e . T he
in d u str y a cco u n ted fo r n in e -te n th s o f th e d e c r e a s e in n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s paid
le s s th an $ 1 . 7 T h e p r o p o rtio n o f r e ta il w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s th an $ 1 an hou r
d e c lin e d by about h a lf, fro m 35 to 17 p e r c e n t, and th o se at th e $ 1 le v e l n e a r ly
d o u b led , fro m 12 to 20 p e r c e n t.
E ffe c ts o f th e $ 1. 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m w e r e a p p a ren t in w h o le s a le tr a d e ,
w h e r e e a r n in g s in c r e a s e d by 4 c e n ts an h o u r. T w o -fifth s of th e w o r k e r s ea rn ed
le s s th an $ 1. 15 in 1961, w h e r e a s v ir tu a lly a ll w o r k e r s e a rn ed at le a s t th at am ount
a y e a r la te r . T h e p r o p o rtio n at or ju st a b ove th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m in ­
c r e a s e d fro m 2 to 26 p e r c e n t. M ark ed ch a n g es in th e w a g e d istr ib u tio n a ls o
o c c u r r e d b e tw e e n $ 1 . 2 0 and $ 1 . 3 5 w h e r e th e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s m o r e than
d o u b led , fr o m 16 to 33 p e r c e n t.
In c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n and th e tr a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic
u t ilitie s gro u p , s h ifts in em p lo y m en t at th e $ 1 . 15 le v e l w e r e le s s p ro n o u n ced .
A bout a fifth of th e w o r k e r s in both g ro u p s e a rn ed le s s than $ 1 . 1 5 and fe w e r than
a tw e n tie th w e r e at th e $ 1 . 15—$ 1 . 2 0 p ay in te r v a l in June 1961. A y e a r la te r ,
fe w e r th an 5 p e r c e n t in e ith e r grou p r e c e iv e d le s s than $1. 15 and th e p r o p o rtio n s
at or ju st a b ove th e $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m w e r e ro u g h ly of th e sa m e m a g n itu d e
a s th e c o n c e n tr a tio n s at th e $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 pay in te r v a l in Jun e 1961, 14 p e r c e n t in
c o n tr a c t c o n s tr u c tio n and 9 p e r c e n t in tr a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic
u t il i t ie s .
D u rh a m , N . C .
A v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e e a r n in g s w e r e $ 1 . 7 4 an hou r fo r a p p r o x im a te ly
2 3 , 8 0 0 n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s w ith in th e sc o p e of th e June 1962 s u r v e y . M ed ian
e a r n in g s w e r e $ 1 . 6 6 an hou r and e a r n in g s fo r the m id d le 50 p e r c e n t ra n g ed fro m
$ 1 . 2 1 to $ 2 . 1 7 an h o u r. T he la r g e s t c o n c e n tr a tio n o f w o r k e r s found at any
5 -c e n t w a g e in te r v a l— n e a r ly a ten th — w a s at $ 1 . 1 5 —$ 1 . 2 0 an h ou r (ta b le 3).
7 Nearly three-tenths of Asheville's retail trade workers in June 1962 were employed in establishments which
became subject to the Fair Labor Standards Act in September 1961.




11

C lo s e to h a lf of th e w o r k e r s su r v e y e d w e r e em p lo y ed in m a n u fa ctu rin g
in d u s tr ie s , w h e r e a v e r a g e ea r n in g s of $ 1 . 9 3 an hou r w e r e 19 c e n ts an hour
h ig h e r th an th e a r e a a ll in d u s tr ie s a v e r a g e . A lm o st h a lf of th e w o r k e r s ea rn ed
at le a s t $ 2 and a ten th e a rn ed $ 2 . 50 or m o r e an h o u r. M ost of D u r h a m 's h ig h e r
p aid m a n u fa ctu r in g w o r k e r s w e r e e m p lo y ed in th e c ig a r e tte in d u str y , w h ich
a cco u n ted fo r 4 5 p e r c e n t of th e a r e a 's m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s . A p p r o x im a te ly an
eig h th of th e fa c to r y w o r k e r s e a rn ed le s s than $ 1 . 2 5 an hou r and fe w e r than a
ten th w e r e found at or ju st ab ove th e $ 1. 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e .
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s a v e r a g e d $1. 57 an h ou r at s tr a ig h t-tim e r a te s ,
36 c e n ts an hou r le s s th an fa c to r y w o r k e r s . T h e lo w e r w a g e le v e l of n o n m a n u ­
fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s is r e fle c te d in th e ir d istr ib u tio n s o f in d iv id u a l e a r n in g s. F o r
e x a m p le , tw o -fifth s of th e s e w o r k e r s e a rn ed l e s s than $ 1 . 2 5 an h o u r, m o r e than
th r e e tim e s th e p r o p o rtio n o f fa c to r y w o r k e r s w ith su ch e a rn in g s; m o r e than a
fifth o f th e n o n m a n u factu rin g w o r k e r s e a rn ed $ 2 or m o r e an h o u r, le s s than h a lf
th e p r o p o rtio n of fa c to r y w o r k e r s w ith su ch e a r n in g s. A bout a ten th of th e n o n ­
m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s w e r e found at th e 5 -c e n t in te r v a l w h ich in clu d ed the $ 1. 15
F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e , and a p p r o x im a te ly th e sa m e p r o p o rtio n w e r e at or ju st
ab ove th e $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e .
R e ta il w o r k e r s , w ho a cco u n ted fo r th r e e -te n th s of th e n o n m a n u factu rin g
w o r k e r s , a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 4 3 an h o u r. N e a r ly a fo u rth o f th e r e ta il w o r k e r s w e r e
c lu s te r e d at th e $ 1—$ 1. 05 w a g e in te r v a l, and th ey a cco u n ted fo r n e a r ly s e v e n ten th s of th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s w ith su c h e a r n in g s. M o re than h a lf of th e r e ta il
w o r k e r s e a r n e d le s s th an $ 1. 25 and a ten th le s s than $ 1 an h o u r.
P a y le v e ls w e r e h ig h e r in th e o th er n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u str y g r o u p s,
fo r w h ich d ata a r e sh ow n s e p a r a te ly . T r a n sp o r ta tio n and p u b lic u t ilitie s at $ 1 . 8 6
an hou r had th e h ig h e st le v e l o f e a r n in g s, fo llo w e d by c o n tr a c t c o n s tr u c tio n at
$ 1 . 7 1 , and fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te at $ 1 . 6 9 an h o u r. No m o r e than
about a ten th of th e e m p lo y e e s in ea ch of th e s e in d u str y g ro u p s w e r e p aid le s s
th an th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e . N e a r ly a six th of th e w o r k e r s in ea ch
of th e f ir s t tw o g rou p s w e r e c lu s te r e d at or ju st ab o v e th is m in im u m , co m p a r e d
w ith fe w e r than a ten th in th e la tte r gro u p . E a rn in g s of $ 2 or m o r e an hou r w e r e
p aid to m o r e than a th ird of the w o r k e r s in tr a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and
p u b lic u t ilit ie s , to th r e e -te n th s in c o n tr a c t c o n s tr u c tio n , and to a fo u rth in fin a n c e ,
in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te .
W age C h a n g e s. T he a r e a p ay le v e l fo r n o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s w a s
9 c e n ts an h ou r h ig h e r in June 1962 th an 1 y e a r e a r lie r . T he p r o p o rtio n of
w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s th an $ 1 . 15 an h ou r d e c lin e d fro m 22 to 16 p e r c e n t, w h ile
th o se ea rn in g b e tw een $ 1 . 15 and $ 1 . 2 0 in c r e a s e d fro m 2 to 9 p e r c e n t. C h a n g e s,
h o w e v e r , w e r e not co n fin ed to ju st the lo w e r end of th e p ay s c a le . F o r e x a m p le ,
the p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s ea rn in g $ 2 or m o r e an hour in c r e a s e d fro m 29 to
3 5 p e r c e n t d u rin g th is p e r io d .
M a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s ' e a r n in g s in c r e a s e d , on the a v e r a g e , by 8 c e n ts
an hou r b e tw een s u r v e y s . In June 1962----9 m o n th s a fte r th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l
m in im u m w a g e b e c a m e e ffe c tiv e — v ir tu a lly a ll o f the fa c to r y w o r k e r s w e r e p aid
at le a s t th e n ew m in im u m , and a lm o s t a ten th w e r e at the $ 1. 15—$ 1. 20 in te r v a l,
a p p ro x im a tin g th e p r o p o rtio n r e c e iv in g le s s than $ 1 . 15 in Jun e 1961. P ro n o u n ced
ch a n g es in th e m a n u fa ctu rin g w a g e d istr ib u tio n a ls o o c c u r r e d at th e h ig h e r pay
le v e ls b e tw een su r v e y y e a r s . F o r e x a m p le , th e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s ea rn in g
fr o m $ 2 . 2 0 to $ 2 . 5 0 an hou r m o r e than d o u b led , fro m 8 to 21 p e r c e n t. M ost
o f th is ch an g e r e s u lte d fro m a
-p e r c e n t w age in c r e a s e n e g o tia te d in the to b a cc o
in d u stry w h ich b e ca m e e ffe c tiv e in O cto b er 1961.®

8

See Current Wage Developments, No. 168, Dec. 1, 1961, p. 11.




12

T he n o n m a n u factu rin g p ay le v e l in c r e a s e d by 10 c e n ts an h ou r b e tw een
June o f 1961 and 1962. T he p r o p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s at o r ju st ab o v e th e $ 1 . 1 5
F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e in c r e a s e d fr o m 3 p e r c e n t in th e e a r lie r s u r v e y to
9 p e r c e n t in th e la te r s u r v e y , w h ile th o s e p a id le s s than th at am oun t d e c r e a s e d
fr o m 35 to 27 p e r c e n t. T he m o v e m e n t o f w o r k e r s fr o m th e $ 1 to th e $ 1 . 15 pay
le v e l w a s a p p a ren tly o ffs e t by th o se a ffe c te d by th e in tro d u ctio n of th e $ 1 F e d e r a l
m in im u m , s in c e about a ten th o f th e w o r k e r s w e r e at th e $ 1—$ 1. 05 w a g e in te r v a l
in both Jun e of 1961 and 1962. T h e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s p a id l e s s th an $ 1 an
hou r d e c r e a s e d fro m 18 to 11 p e r c e n t d u rin g th e y e a r .
M o st o f th e w o r k e r s w h o se e a r n in g s w e r e a ffe c te d by th e $ 1 F e d e r a l
m in im u m w a g e w e r e em p lo y ed in r e ta il tr a d e , w h e re th e p ay le v e l a d v a n ced by
6 c e n ts an hou r b e tw een June o f 1961 and 1962. 9 R e ta il tra d e w o r k e r s a cco u n ted
fo r n in e -te n th s o f th e r e d u ctio n in n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s ea rn in g l e s s th an $ 1 an
h o u r. T h e p r o p o rtio n o f r e ta il w o r k e r s w ith su ch e a r n in g s d e c lin e d fr o m n e a r ly
th r e e -te n th s in 1961 to a ten th in 1962, w h ile th e p r o p o rtio n at th e $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5
in te r v a l in c r e a s e d fr o m fe w e r th an a ten th to n e a r ly a fo u rth .
P a y le v e ls in c r e a s e d in ea ch o f th e o th e r th r e e n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u str y
g ro u p s sh ow n s e p a r a te ly — by 6 c e n ts in c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n ; 7 c e n ts in t r a n s ­
p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u t ilitie s ; and 12 c e n ts in fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e ,
and r e a l e s ta te . Sh arp re d u c tio n s in th e p r o p o r tio n s o f w o r k e r s p aid le s s than
$ 1 . 1 5 a c c o m p a n ie d by m a rk e d in c r e a s e s at th e $ 1 . 1 5 —$ 1 . 2 0 w a g e in te r v a l w e r e
n o ted in th e fo r m e r tw o g r o u p s. In th e la tte r in d u str y g ro u p , on th e o th er hand,
no sig n ific a n t ch an g e o c c u r r e d in th e w a g e d istr ib u tio n at th e $ 1 . 15 le v e l. T h e r e
w a s , h o w e v e r , a m a r k e d in c r e a s e in th e p r o p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s ea rn in g at le a s t
$ 2 an h o u r.
H u n tsv ille , A la .
A v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a r n in g s w e r e $ 1 . 8 7 fo r th e a p p r o x im a te ly
1 7 , 6 0 0 n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s w ith in th e sc o p e o f th e June 1962 s u r v e y . M ed ian
ea r n in g s w e r e $ 1 . 6 0 an h o u r. E a r n in g s fo r th e m id d le 50 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s
ra n g ed b e tw een $ 1. 20 and $ 2 . 29 an h ou r (ta b le 4 ).
N e a r ly fo u r -fifth s of th e w o r k e r s w ith in th e sc o p e o f the s u r v e y w e r e
em p lo y ed in n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g i n d u s t r ie s ,10 w h e r e th e p ay le v e l w a s $ 1 . 8 9 an
h o u r. A lm o st th r e e -te n th s of th e w o r k e r s e a r n e d l e s s th an $ 1 . 2 5 and lik e p r o ­
p o rtio n s of about a ten th e a c h w e r e at th e $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 and $ 1 . 1 5 —$ 1 . 2 0 w a g e
in te r v a ls . A t th e o th e r end o f th e p ay s c a le , m o r e th an a th ir d o f th e w o r k e r s
ea rn ed $ 2 or m o r e an h o u r, n e a r ly a fo u rth $ 2 . 5 0 o r m o r e , and m o r e th an an
eig h th at le a s t $ 3 an h o u r.
T h e s e r v ic e in d u s tr ie s , w h ich e m p lo y e d m o r e th an tw o -fifth s of th e n o n ­
fa c to r y w o r k e r s , co n trib u te d g r e a tly to th e r e la tiv e ly h ig h e a r n in g s in n o n m a n u ­
fa c tu r in g . Such w o r k e r s a v e r a g e d $ 2 . 4 1 an hou r at s tr a ig h t-tim e r a te s . N e a r ly
th r e e -fifth s o f th e w o r k e r s e a rn ed $ 2 or m o r e an h ou r and a lm o s t h a lf of th e s e
ea rn ed $ 3 or m o r e an h o u r. N o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s in th e r e s e a r c h and
d e v e lo p m e n t and e n g in e e r in g s e r v ic e s , w h ich su p p o rt th e G o v ern m en t's sp a c e
flig h t and b a llis t ic s m is s ile f a c ilit ie s in th e a r e a , a c co u n ted fo r v ir tu a lly a ll of
th e w o r k e r s in th e s e r v ic e in d u s tr ie s w ith e a r n in g s of $ 3 or m o r e an h o u r.
9 Approxim ately two-fifths of Durham's retail trade workers in June 1962 were employed in establishments which
becam e subject to the Fair Labor Standards Act.
10 Insufficient data were available for m anufacturing to perm it separate presentation.



13

In r e ta il tr a d e , w h e re about a fo u rth o f th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s w e r e
em p lo y e d , w o r k e r s a v e r a g e d $ 1. 38 an h o u r. M ore than an eig h th of the w o r k e r s
w e r e p aid le s s th an $ 1 an hour and a cco u n ted fo r a p p r o x im a te ly tw o -fifth s of the
n o n m a n u factu rin g w o r k e r s w ith su ch e a r n in g s. N e a r ly a fo u rth of th e r e ta il
w o r k e r s w e r e c lu s te r e d at or ju st ab ove the $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m and c o m p r is e d
tw o -th ir d s o f th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s at th is w a g e in te r v a l. N e a r ly h a lf of th e
r e ta il tra d e w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s than $ 1. 15.
C o n tra ct c o n str u c tio n w o r k e r s a v e r a g e d $ 1. 92 an h o u r. A bout a ten th
ea rn ed le s s than $ 1 . 15, and about th e sa m e p r o p o rtio n ea rn ed fr o m $ 1 . 15 to
$ 1 . 2 0 an h o u r. A th ird ea rn ed at le a s t $ 2 an hou r and a fifth ea rn ed $ 3 or m o r e .
W age C h a n g e s. T h e a r e a p ay le v e l in c r e a s e d by 14 c e n ts an hou r b e tw een
June of 1961 and 1962. T he p r o p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s than $ 1 an hour
d e c lin e d fr o m 16 to 7 p e r c e n t. T h e m o s t sig n ific a n t ch an g e in th e p r o p o rtio n o f
w o r k e r s at any of the 5 - or 1 0 -c e n t w a g e in te r v a ls w a s an in c r e a s e fr o m 3 to
8 p e r c e n t in th e p r o p o rtio n ea rn in g b e tw een $ 1 . 1 5 and $ 1. 20 an h o u r.
In n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s , a v e r a g e e a r n in g s r o s e by 13 c e n ts an
h ou r b e tw een s u r v e y s . T h e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s p aid le s s than $ 1 d e c lin e d fro m
20 to 8 p e r c e n t, w h ile th e p r o p o rtio n at or ju st a b ove th e $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m
in c r e a s e d fr o m 2 to 7 p e r c e n t. T h e c lu s te r o f w o r k e r s at th e $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 w a g e
in te r v a l in c r e a s e d s lig h tly fro m 7 to 9 p e r c e n t, and th e p r o p o rtio n ea rn in g $ 3 or
m o r e r o s e fro m 12 to 14 p e r c e n t.
In the s e r v ic e in d u s tr ie s , a v e r a g e e a r n in g s in c r e a s e d by 18 c e n ts an
h o u r. S in ce m o s t s e r v ic e s in d u s tr ie s a r e g e n e r a lly not su b ject to th e p r o v is io n s
of the F a ir L ab or S tan d ard s A c t, and th e few w h ich a r e , w e r e r e la tiv e ly h ig h
w a g e in d u s tr ie s in th e H u n tsv ille a r e a , little ch an g e o c c u r r e d in th e w a g e d i s ­
trib u tio n at th e lo w e r pay le v e ls . B e tw e e n June of 1961 and 1962, h o w e v e r , the
p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s ea rn in g $ 3 o r m o r e an hour in c r e a s e d fr o m 22 to
28 p e r c e n t.
R e ta il tr a d e , w h e re th e p ay le v e l r o s e by 25 c e n ts an h o u r, a cco u n ted
fo r v ir tu a lly a ll o f the red u ctio n in n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s th an $ 1 an
h o u r. 11 In June 1961, 46 p e r c e n t o f th e r e ta il w o r k e r s e a rn ed le s s than $ 1 an
h o u r. In June 1962, 14 p e r c e n t had su ch e a r n in g s and th e p r o p o rtio n at or ju st
a b ove th e $1 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e had m o r e th an d o u b led , fro m 10 to 23 p e r c e n t.
C h a n ges in th e w a g e d istr ib u tio n a ls o o c c u r r e d at h ig h e r le v e ls of p a y . F o r
e x a m p le , 31 p e r c e n t of th e w o r k e r s ea rn ed $ 1 . 2 5 or m o r e in 1961 co m p a r e d w ith
45 p e r c e n t in 1962.
In c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n , the pay le v e l d e c lin e d by 15 c e n ts an h o u r. T he
p r o p o rtio n o f c o n str u c tio n w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s than $ 1 . 5 0 in c r e a s e d fro m 23 to
40 p e r c e n t b e tw een su r v e y p e r io d s .
L ak e C h a r le s , L a.
A p p r o x im a te ly 1 8 , 2 0 0 n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s w ith in th e sc o p e o f the
s u r v e y a v e r a g e d , as a gro u p , $ 2 . 1 8 an hour in June 1962. M ed ian e a rn in g s
w e r e $ 2 . 14 an h o u r. E a rn in g s fo r the m id d le 50 p e r c e n t of th e w o r k e r s ra n g ed
b e tw een $ 1 . 3 0 and $ 2 . 9 9 an hou r (ta b le 5).
Almost a third of Huntsville's retail trade workers in June 1962 were employed in establishments which became
subject to the Fair Labor Standards Act in September 1961.




14

S lig h tly m o r e th an a th ird o f the w o r k e r s w ith in sc o p e of the su r v e y w e r e
em p lo y ed in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , w h e re a v e r a g e e a r n in g s of $ 2 . 6 9 w e r e
51 c en ts an hour h ig h e r than th e a r e a a v e r a g e fo r a ll in d u s tr ie s . A ll but a six th
of the w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d $ 2 or m o r e an h o u r, n e a r ly s e v e n -te n th s ea rn ed at le a s t
$ 2 . 5 0 , and s lig h tly m o r e than tw o -fifth s r e c e iv e d $ 3 or m o r e an h o u r. N e a r ly
fo u r -fifth s of th e fa c to r y w o r k e r s ea rn in g $ 3 or m o r e an hou r w e r e em p lo y ed
in the p e tr o le u m r efin in g in d u str y . M ost o f th e rem a in in g w o r k e r s w ith su ch
e a r n in g s w e r e em p lo y ed in the c h e m ic a l in d u str y . T o g e th e r , th e s e in d u s tr ie s
c o m p r is e d a lm o s t n in e -te n th s of the fa c to r y w o rk fo r c e . R e la tiv e ly few fa c to r y
w o r k e r s e a r n e d th e $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e.
In n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s , a v e r a g e e a rn in g s w e r e $ 1 . 9 0 an h o u r.
N e a r ly th r e e -fifth s o f th e w o r k e r s e a rn ed at le a s t $ 1 . 50 an h ou r and a lm o s t
tw o -fifth s , $ 2 or m o r e an h ou r. E a rn in g s of le s s than $ 1. 25 p r e v a ile d fo r n e a r ly
th r e e -te n th s o f th e w o r k e r s , and le s s than $ 1 n e a r ly a ten th . S im ila r p r o p o rtio n s
o f n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s w e r e found at th e 5 -c e n t w a g e in te r v a l w h ich in clu d ed
the $ 1 . 1 5 and th e $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e s , 7 and 6 p e r c e n t, r e s p e c tiv e ly .
A v e r a g e pay le v e ls did not v a r y s ig n ific a n tly am on g th r e e of the n o n ­
m a n u fa ctu r in g in d u str y g rou p s show n s e p a r a te ly . H o u rly e a r n in g s a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 6 2
fo r both th e r e ta il tra d e and fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te in d u s tr ie s and
$ 1 . 6 0 fo r w h o le s a le tr a d e . In r e ta il tr a d e , w h ich em p lo y ed n e a r ly a th ird of the
w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g , s lig h tly m o r e th an an eig h th o f the w o r k e r s w e r e
p aid le s s than $ 1, a cco u n tin g fo r n e a r ly h a lf of th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s w ith su ch
e a r n in g s. M ore th an a ten th of the r e ta il tra d e w o r k e r s w e r e c o n c e n tr a te d at
th e $ 1—$ 1. 05 w a g e in te r v a l and th e y a cco u n ted fo r n e a r ly th r e e -fifth s of th e n o n ­
m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s w ith in th at w a g e in te r v a l. In the w h o le s a le tra d e in d u str y ,
v ir tu a lly a ll the w o r k e r s ea rn ed at le a s t $ 1 . 15, but a lm o s t a fifth w e r e paid
fr o m $ 1 . 1 5 to $ 1 . 2 0 an h o u r. N e a r ly a six th of th e fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l
e s ta te w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d le s s th an $ 1 . 15 an h o u r, w h ile o n ly a tw en tie th w e r e
found w ith in the $ 1 . 15 to $ 1 . 2 0 w a g e in te r v a l. S lig h tly m o r e than tw o -fifth s of
the fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s than $ 1 . 5 0 an hour
co m p a r e d w ith a lm o s t th r e e -fifth s o f th e w h o le s a le tra d e w o r k e r s .
M ost of th e h ig h er p aid n o n m a n u factu rin g w o r k e r s w e r e em p lo y ed in
c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n and the tr a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u tilitie s
g ro u p s, w h e re e a rn in g s a v e r a g e d $ 2 .6 4 and $ 2 . 11 an h o u r , r e s p e c tiv e ly . S lig h tly
m o r e than s e v e n -te n th s o f th e c o n str u c tio n w o r k e r s e a rn ed at le a s t $ 2 an hour
and about tw o -fifth s ea rn ed $ 3 or m o r e . C o n str u c tio n w o r k e r s , although th ey
a cco u n ted fo r s lig h tly m o r e than a fifth of th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s , m a d e up m o r e
than tw o -fifth s of th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s ea rn in g at le a s t $ 2 an h o u r. S lig h tly
m o r e than h a lf th e tr a n sp o r ta tio n w o r k e r s ea rn ed $ 2 or m o r e an h o u r, and th ey
a cco u n ted fo r a fo u rth of the n o n m a n u factu rin g w o r k e r s w ith su ch e a r n in g s.
W age C h a n g e s. T he a r e a pay le v e l fo r n o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s in ­
c r e a s e d by 13 c e n ts an hour b e tw een June o f 1961 and 1962. C h an ges in the
d istr ib u tio n of e a r n in g s w e r e found at both th e u p p er and lo w e r e n d s. F o r e x a m p le ,
the p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s paid le s s than $ 1 an hour w a s red u ce d by h a lf, fro m
12 to 6 p e r c e n t, w h ile th o se w ho ea rn ed $ 2 or m o r e in c r e a s e d fro m 49 to
55 p e r c e n t.
In m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , the pay le v e l r o s e by 2 c e n ts an h o u r. T he
$ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m w age had o n ly a lim ite d e ffe c t on the w a g e d istr ib u tio n
s in c e o n ly 6 p e r c e n t of the fa c to r y w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s th an $ 1 . 15 in Jun e 1961.
C h a n ges in th e d istr ib u tio n w e r e m o r e a p p a ren t at th e h ig h e r p ay le v e ls , w h e re
the p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s ea rn in g b e tw een $ 2 and $ 3 an hour in c r e a s e d fro m a
th ird in 1961 to m o r e than tw o -fifth s in 1962.



15

T he n o n m a n u factu rin g pay le v e l in c r e a s e d by 13 c e n ts an hour b e tw een
June of 1961 and 1962. T he p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s p aid le s s th an $ 1 an hour
d e c lin e d by h a lf, fro m 18 to 9 p e r c e n t, and th o se ea rn in g le s s than $ 1 . 15 by
n e a r ly tw o -fifth s , fro m 31 to 19 p e r c e n t. T he p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s at or ju st
ab ove the $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m in c r e a s e d fro m 3 to 7 p e r c e n t, and th o se
ea rn in g $ 1. 25 o r m o r e an hou r r o s e fr o m 64 to 72 p e r c e n t.
R e ta il tr a d e , w h e re th e p ay le v e l in c r e a s e d by 34 c e n ts an h o u r, a cco u n ted
fo r v ir tu a lly a ll o f the red u ctio n in n o n m a n u factu rin g w o r k e r s p aid le s s than $ 1 an
h o u r. 12 T he p r o p o rtio n of r e ta il w o r k e r s w ith su ch ea r n in g s d e c lin e d fro m
so m ew h a t m o r e than a th ird in 1961 to about an eig h th in th e fo llo w in g y e a r .
T he c o n c e n tr a tio n of r e ta il w o r k e r s at the $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 w a g e in te r v a l, h o w e v e r ,
d im in ish e d s lig h tly , fr o m 13 to 11 p e r c e n t, w h e r e a s th e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s
ea rn in g $ 1. 15 or m o r e in c r e a s e d fr o m 45 to 66 p e r c e n t.
A m ong th e o th er s e le c te d n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s , the in c r e a s e of
the F e d e r a l m in im u m w age fro m $ 1 to $ 1 . 1 5 had a m a rk e d a ffe c t in w h o le s a le
tr a d e , w h e re a v e r a g e e a rn in g s a d v a n ced by 10 c e n ts an h o u r, and in tr a n sp o r ta tio n ,
co m m u n ic a tio n , and pu b lic u t ilit ie s , w h e r e e a r n in g s in c r e a s e d by 6 c e n ts an h o u r.
In June 1961, n e a r ly th r e e -te n th s o f th e w h o le s a le tra d e w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s
than $ 1 . 15, but in 1962, fe w e r than a tw en tie th ea rn ed le s s than th at am oun t.
T he p r o p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s at th e $ 1 . 1 5 —$ 1 . 2 0 w a g e in te r v a l in c r e a s e d du ring
th is p e r io d fro m fe w e r than a tw en tie th to n e a r ly a fifth . M o r e o v e r , th e p r o ­
p o rtio n of w o r k e r s in w h o le s a le tra d e ea rn in g $ 2 or m o r e an hour in c r e a s e d
fro m 15 to 22 p e r c e n t. In the tr a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u tilitie s
gro u p , th e p r o p o rtio n p aid le s s than $ 1 . 15 w a s red u ce d fr o m 14 to 4 p e r c e n t
w h ile th e p r o p o rtio n at or ju st ab ove the $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m r o s e fr o m 2 to
7 p e r c e n t. T he p ay le v e l in th e fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te in d u stry
r e m a in e d at $ 1 . 6 2 b e tw een s u r v e y s , and the w a g e d istr ib u tio n did not ch an ge
s ig n ific a n tly .
In th e c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n in d u str y , th e June 1962 pay le v e l w a s 5 c e n ts
an hour b elo w the June 1961 le v e l. T h e p r o p o rtio n of c o n str u c tio n w o r k e r s ea rn in g
le s s th an $ 1 . 5 0 an hou r n e a r ly d ou b led b e tw een s u r v e y s , fro m 10 to 17 p e r c e n t,
w h ile th o se ea rn in g $ 3 or m o r e d e c lin e d fro m 46 to 42 p e r c e n t.
L e x in g to n , K y,
An e s tim a te d 24, 800 n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s w ith in the sc o p e of the
s u r v e y , a s a g ro u p , a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 8 4 an hour at s tr a ig h t-tim e r a te s in June 1962.
E a rn in g s fo r the m id d le h a lf o f th e w o r k e r s ra n g ed fr o m $ 1. 24 to $ 2 . 30 an h o u r.
M ed ian e a r n in g s w e r e $ 1 . 7 0 an hou r (ta b le 6).
A p p r o x im a te ly th r e e -te n th s of the w o rk fo r c e in clu d ed in th e s u r v e y w as
e m p lo y ed in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , w h e re a v e r a g e ea r n in g s o f $ 2 . 17 w e r e
33 c e n ts an hou r h ig h er than the a r e a a ll in d u s tr ie s a v e r a g e . V ir tu a lly a ll of the
fa c to r y e m p lo y e e s w e r e paid at le a s t the $ 1. 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e , and on ly
5 p e r c e n t w e r e c lu s te r e d at th e $ 1 . 15—$ 1 . 2 0 w a g e in te r v a l. F if t y - s ix p e r c e n t
of the w o r k e r s ea rn ed at le a s t $ 2 an h o u r, and 35 p e r c e n t w e r e p aid $ 2 . 50 or
m o r e . T h e n o n e le c tr ic a l m a c h in e r y in d u str y , w h ich a cco u n ted fo r about tw o -fifth s
o f th e fa c to r y w o r k e r s , em p lo y ed m o st of the h ig h e r p aid w o r k e r s . P r o d u c e r s
o f food p ro d u cts and e le c t r ic a l m a c h in e r y , e a c h a cco u n tin g fo r n e a r ly a six th
of the fa c to r y w o rk e r s , on th e o th er hand, had pay le v e ls of 20 and 13 c en ts an
h o u r, r e s p e c tiv e ly , b elo w the a ll m a n u fa ctu rin g a v e r a g e .
Three-tenths of Lake Charles' retail workers in June 1962 were em ployed in establishments which becam e
subject to the Fair Labor Standards Act in September 1961.
12




16

In n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s , th e p ay le v e l w a s $ 1 . 6 9 in June 1962,
48 c e n ts an hou r b e lo w the m a n u fa ctu rin g a v e r a g e . E a rn in g s fo r h a lf of the
n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s w e r e le s s than $ 1 . 5 0 an h o u r. A th ird of the w o r k e r s ea rn ed
le s s than $ 1 . 2 5 and m o r e than a ten th le s s th an $ 1 an h o u r. F iv e p e r c e n t of
th e w o r k e r s w e r e p aid the $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e and tw ic e th at p r o ­
p o rtio n r e c e iv e d the $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m .
M ore than a th ird of the w o r k e r s in th e n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s
stu d ied w e r e e m p lo y e d in r e ta il s t o r e s , w h e re h o u rly e a r n in g s a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 5 1 .
M ore than a fifth of th e s e w o r k e r s w e r e at or ju st ab ove th e $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m
and th ey a cco u n ted fo r about th r e e -fo u r th s o f th e n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s w ith
su ch e a r n in g s. A lm o s t h a lf of the r e ta il w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s than $ 1 . 2 5 and
few er than a ten th le s s than $ 1 an h o u r.
A v e r a g e e a r n in g s w e r e s u b sta n tia lly h ig h e r in th e o th er n o n m a n u factu rin g
in d u str y g ro u p s fo r w h ich data a re show n s e p a r a te ly — $ 2 . 13 an hou r in the
c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n in d u stry and $ 1 . 9 6 in th e tr a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n ,
and p u b lic u t ilitie s in d u stry grou p . A p p r o x im a te ly a fifth o f th e w o r k e r s in the
la tte r group e a rn ed at le a s t $ 2. 50 an h o u r, alth ou gh about a s ix th e a rn ed le s s
than $ 1 . 2 5 , of w h om m o r e than h a lf w e r e at the $ 1 . 15—$ 1 . 2 0 in te r v a l. F e w e r
than a ten th of the w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n had e a r n in g s b elo w $ 1 . 2 5
an h o u r, s lig h tly m o r e than a th ird ea rn ed $ 2 . 50 or m o r e , and n e a r ly a fifth
e a rn ed at le a s t $ 3 an h o u r.
W age C h a n g e s. T he a r e a p ay le v e l r o s e by 7 c e n ts an hour b e tw een
June of 1961 and 1962. C h an ges in th e w a g e d istr ib u tio n at the lo w e r pay le v e ls
a p p ro x im a ted th o se at th e h ig h e r le v e ls . T h e p r o p o r tio n of w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s
than $ 1 d e c r e a s e d fr o m 12 to 8 p e r c e n t, w h ile th e p r o p o rtio n ea rn in g $ 2 or m o r e
in c r e a s e d fro m 33 to 37 p e r c e n t.
A v e r a g e e a r n in g s in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s a d v a n ced by 2 c e n ts an
hou r b e tw een s u r v e y y e a r s . R e la tiv e ly few w o r k e r s w e r e a ffe c te d by th e in c r e a s e
in th e F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e fro m $ 1 to $ 1 . 15, s in c e a ll but 5 p e r c e n t o f th e
w o r k e r s ea rn ed at le a s t $ 1 . 15 an h ou r in June 1961. T he p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s
at or ju st ab ove th e $ 1 . 15 m in im u m in c r e a s e d fro m 2 to 5 p e r c e n t. A bout the
sa m e p r o p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s , 55 p e r c e n t, ea rn ed $ 2 or m o r e an hou r in both
June o f 1961 and 1962.
In n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s , e a r n in g s a v e r a g e d 6 c e n ts an h ou r h ig h er
in Jun e 1962 than in June 1961. A lth ou gh th e p r o p o rtio n of n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s
ea rn in g le s s than $ 1 . 15 an hou r d e c lin e d fr o m about th r e e -te n th s to a fo u rth ,
the p r o p o rtio n at th e $ 1 . 15 le v e l in c r e a s e d by o n ly 1 p e r c e n ta g e p o in t. T he
in flu e n ce of th e h ig h e r F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e w a s m o r e a p p a ren t w h en the
e a r n in g s fo r w o r k e r s in tr a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u t ilitie s group
w e r e e x a m in ed . In Jun e 1961, 15 p e r c e n t of th e s e w o r k e r s e a r n e d le s s than
$ 1 . 15 an h o u r. In Jun e 1962, a ll but 3 p e r c e n t had at le a s t th o s e ea r n in g s and
the p r o p o rtio n at th e $ 1 . 1 5 —$ 1 . 2 0 in te r v a l had r is e n fr o m 3 to 11 p e r c e n t.
T h e p r o p o rtio n of n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s th an $ 1 an hou r w as
red u ce d fr o m 16 p e r c e n t in 1961 to 11 p e r c e n t in 1962. V ir tu a lly a ll of th is d e ­
c r e a s e o c c u r r e d in r e ta il tr a d e , w h e r e a v e r a g e e a r n in g s in c r e a s e d by 5 c e n ts an
h o u r. T h e p r o p o rtio n o f r e ta il w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g le s s th an $ 1 an hour d e c lin e d
fr o m a fou rth to fe w e r than a ten th d u rin g th e y e a r w h ile the c o n c e n tr a tio n at the
$ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e d ou b led , fro m a ten th to about a fifth . 13
^ A third of Lexington's retail workers in June 1962 were employed in establishments which became subject
to the Fair Labor Standards Act in September 1961.




17

In th e c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n in d u str y , th e p ay le v e l in c r e a s e d by 11 c e n ts
an h o u r. T h e m o s t sig n ific a n t ch an g e in th e w a g e d istr ib u tio n w a s an in c r e a s e
fro m a ten th to n e a r ly a fifth in the p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s ea rn in g at le a s t
$ 3 an h o u r.
M o n ro e, Lao
An e s tim a te d 15, 800 n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s w ith in the sc o p e of th e June
1962 s u r v e y , as a g ro u p , had a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e e a r n in g s of $ 1 . 7 4 an h o u r.
M ed ian ea r n in g s w e r e 15 c e n ts lo w e r than th e a v e r a g e . E a rn in g s fo r th e m id d le
50 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s ra n g ed fro m $ 1 . 18 to $ 2 . 16 an h o u r. A bout a ten th
o f the w o r k e r s w e r e at th e $ 1—$ 1 . 1 5 w a g e in te r v a l (ta b le 7).
T he a v e r a g e p ay le v e l in m a n u fa ctu r in g , w h ich em p lo y ed s lig h tly m o re
than a th ird o f the a r e a 's w o rk fo r c e in clu d ed in th e s u r v e y , w a s $ 1 . 9 9 an h ou r.
A lm o s t a ll of th e fa c to r y w o r k e r s e a rn ed at le a s t the $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m
w a g e w h ile n e a r ly a ten th w e r e c o n c e n tr a te d at or ju st ab ove the m in im u m .
N e a r ly h a lf the w o r k e r s a v e r a g e d at le a s t $ 2 or m o r e and about a fifth w e r e
p aid at le a s t $ 2. 50 an h o u r. T he le v e l and d istr ib u tio n of e a r n in g s in m a n u ­
fa ctu rin g w e r e m a r k e d ly in flu e n ced by th e pu lp, p a p e r , and a llie d p ro d u cts
in d u str y , w h ich em p lo y ed a p p r o x im a te ly h a lf o f M o n ro e's fa c to r y w o rk fo r c e .
A v e r a g e ea r n in g s fo r w o r k e r s in su ch p la n ts w e r e $ 2 . 19 an h ou r. A lso c o n tr ib ­
uting to the r e la tiv e ly h ig h e a r n in g s w a s the c h e m ic a l in d u str y , w h ich em p lo y ed
a lm o s t a six th of th e fa c to r y w o r k e r s . C h e m ic a l w o r k e r s a v e r a g e d $ 2 . 34 an h ou r.
M ost of the lo w e r paid w o r k e r s w e r e en g a g ed in p r o c e s s in g food p r o d u c ts, a c ­
co u n tin g fo r an eig h th of M o n ro e's fa c to r y w o rk fo r c e . T he p ay le v e l for th is
group w a s $ 1. 29 an h o u r.
In n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s , w o r k e r s a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 6 0 an h o u r, 39 c e n ts
le s s than m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s. T h e ir lo w e r le v e l o f p ay is r e fle c te d in the
w a g e d istr ib u tio n . A lm o st a six th o f the n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s than
$ 1 an h o u r, m o r e than tw o -fifth s le s s than $ 1 . 2 5 , and n e a r ly th r e e -fifth s le s s
than $ 1. 50. A p p r o x im a te ly an eig h th of th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s w e r e c o n c e n tr a te d
at the $ 1 . 15—$ 1 . 2 0 pay in te r v a l and fe w e r than a ten th of the w o r k e r s w e r e at
th e $ 1—$ 1 .0 5 in te r v a l.
R e ta il w o r k e r s , w ho c o m p r is e d a lm o s t a th ird of th e n o n fa cto ry w o rk
fo r c e , a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 4 0 an h o u r. S lig h tly m o re than a fifth of the r e ta il w o r k e r s
ea rn ed le s s than $ 1 an h o u r, and th ey a cco u n ted fo r 46 p e r c e n t of th e n o n fa cto ry
w o r k e r s w ith su ch e a r n in g s. A six th of the w o r k e r s w e r e at th e $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 w age
in te r v a l and th ey a cco u n ted fo r 79 p e r c e n t o f th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s at that
in te r v a l.
A v e r a g e ea r n in g s in w h o le s a le tra d e w e r e n e a r ly th e sa m e as in r e ta il
tr a d e , $ 1 . 3 9 an h o u r. V ir tu a lly a ll of th e w h o le s a le tra d e w o r k e r s , h o w e v e r ,
ea rn ed at le a s t th e $1. 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m , but n e a r ly h a lf w e r e at th e $ 1 .1 5 —$ 1 .2 0
w a g e in te r v a l. T h ey a cco u n ted fo r 45 p e r c e n t of th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s w ith
su ch e a r n in g s.
M ost of th e h ig h e r p aid n o n fa cto ry e m p lo y e e s w e r e in c o n tr a c t c o n ­
str u c tio n , th e tr a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u tilitie s gro u p , and the
fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te gro u p , w h e r e pay le v e ls w e r e $ 2 . 0 5 , $ 2 . 0 6 ,
and $ 1. 84 an h o u r, r e s p e c tiv e ly . In the tw o h ig h e r p aid g r o u p s, m o r e than
tw o -fifth s of the w o r k e r s ea rn ed $ 2 or m o r e an h o u r, a lth o u g h about a sev en th
of the w o r k e r s in ea ch of th e s e g ro u p s r e c e iv e d th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m
w a g e . In fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te , a fou rth of the e m p lo y e e s ea rn ed
$ 2 or m o r e an hou r and fe w e r than a ten th w e r e at th e $ 1. 15—$ 1. 20 pay in te r v a l.



18

W age C h a n g e s. B e tw e e n Jun e of 1961 and 1962, the a r e a p ay le v e l for
a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s in c r e a s e d by 11 c e n ts an h o u r. C h a n ges in the
e a rn in g s d istr ib u tio n w e r e sh a r p e r at th e lo w e r than th e u p p er end of the pay
s c a le . In June 1961, m o r e than a s ix th of th e w o r k e r s w e r e p aid le s s th an $ 1 and
about a th ird e a rn ed le s s than $ 1 . 15 an h o u r. In June 1962, th e s e p r o p o rtio n s
had d e c lin e d to a ten th and about a fifth , r e s p e c tiv e ly . B e tw een su r v e y y e a r s ,
the p r o p o rtio n w ith e a rn in g s b e tw een $ 1 . 15 and $ 1 .2 0 an hou r in c r e a s e d fro m
3 to 11 p e r c e n t. On th e o th er han d, the p r o p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s w ho ea rn ed $ 1. 50
or m o r e an hour in c r e a s e d fro m 51 to 55 p e r c e n t.
In m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , a v e r a g e h o u r ly ea r n in g s in c r e a s e d by 5 c en ts
an h o u r. T h e m o s t sig n ific a n t ch an g e in th e w a g e d istr ib u tio n c e n te r e d aroun d
th e $ 1 . 15 p ay le v e l. In June 1961, 13 p e r c e n t o f th e fa c to r y w o r k e r s ea rn ed
le s s than $ 1 .1 5 . In June 1962, o n ly 4 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s had su ch e a rn in g s
and th e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s at or ju st ab ove th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m had
in c r e a s e d fr o m 2 to 8 p e r c e n t. T h e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s ea rn in g $ 1. 25 or m o r e
an h ou r in c r e a s e d fro m 83 to 86 p e r c e n t d u rin g th e y e a r .
E a rn in g s a d v a n ced by 11 c e n ts an h ou r in n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s .
S u b sta n tia l r e d u c tio n s o c c u r r e d in th e p r o p o rtio n of n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s p aid le s s
than $ 1 . 15 an h o u r. In June 1961, tw o -fifth s of the w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s than
$ 1 . 15 an h o u r. B y June 1962, th is p r o p o rtio n w a s red u ce d by about a th ird
w h ile th e p r o p o rtio n at or ju st ab ove the $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m had in c r e a s e d
fro m 3 to 13 p e r c e n t. A lth ou gh m a n y of the w o r k e r s at the $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m
in June 1961 m o v ed to the h ig h e r m in im u m in June 1962, 'the p r o p o rtio n at the
lo w e r m in im u m did not ch an ge s ig n ific a n tly (fro m 10 to 7 p e r c e n t). T h e p r o p o rtio n
of w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s than $ 1 d u rin g th is p e r io d d e c lin e d fro m a fou rth to
fe w e r th an a six th .
A co n tin u a tio n of th e c o n c e n tr a tio n o f w o r k e r s at th e $ 1 —$ 1 .0 5 w a g e
in te r v a l is la r g e ly a ttrib u ta b le to the e x te n tio n of th e $ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m w age
to e m p lo y e e s in la r g e r e ta il e n t e r p r is e s .14 A v e r a g e ea r n in g s fo r r e ta il tra d e
in c r e a s e d by 20 c e n ts an h ou r b e tw een June of 1961 and 1962. T h e p r o p o rtio n
of r e ta il w o r k e r s at or ju st ab ove $ 1 an hou r in c r e a s e d fr o m a ten th to a six th ,
and th e p r o p o rtio n p a id le s s than $ 1 an hour w a s red u ce d by about h a lf, fro m
43 to 22 p e r c e n t. R e ta il w o r k e r s a cco u n ted fo r v ir tu a lly a ll o f th e red u ctio n in
n o n m a n u factu rin g w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s than $1 b e tw een 1961 and 1962.
In w h o le s a le tr a d e , w h e re th e pay le v e l in c r e a s e d by 6 c e n ts an h o u r,
the $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e m a r k e d ly a ffe c te d th e lo w e r end of th e pay
s c a le . In June 1961, m o re than tw o -fifth s of th e w o r k e r s e a r n e d le s s than $ 1 . 15
an hou r and o v er a fou rth w e r e c o n c e n tr a te d at th e $ 1 —$ 1 .0 5 w a g e in te r v a l. In
June 1962, v ir tu a lly a ll the w o r k e r s e a rn ed at le a s t $ 1 . 15 an h ou r and the p r o ­
p o rtio n at or ju st ab o v e the $ 1 . 15 m in im u m had in c r e a s e d fro m 8 to 46 p e r c e n t.
T h e $ 1 .1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e had a le s s e r in flu e n c e on th e e a rn in g s
of w o r k e r s in th e c o n tr a c t c o n s tr u c tio n and tr a n sp o r ta tio n and p u b lic u tilitie s
in d u str y g r o u p s. In Jun e 1961, a lm o s t a fifth of th e w o r k e r s in th e la tte r group
and about a ten th in th e fo r m e r grou p ea rn ed le s s th an $ 1 . 15, and fe w e r th an a
tw en tie th in e ith e r grou p w e r e at th e $ 1 .1 5 —$ 1 .2 0 pay in te r v a l. B y June 1962,
14 Thirty-six percent of Monroe's retail trade workers in June 1962 were em ployed in establishments which
becam e subject to the Fair Labor Standards A ct in Septem ber 1961.



19

about a se v e n th of th e w o r k e r s in ea ch grou p w e r e at or ju st ab ove $ 1 . 15 an
h o u r, and th e p r o p o rtio n s p aid le s s than th at am oun t w e r e sh a r p ly r e d u c e d . In
the fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te g ro u p , fe w e r than a ten th o f th e w o r k e r s
ea rn ed le s s than $ 1 . 15 an hour in June 1961. A lth ou gh r e la tiv e ly few w o r k e r s
had su ch e a r n in g s in June 1962, th e p r o p o rtio n at th e $ 1 . 15—$ 1 .2 0 w a g e le v e l
had in c r e a s e d o n ly s lig h tly , fro m 4 to 6 p e r c e n t. T h e p r o p o rtio n w ith ea r n in g s
b e tw een $ 1 .2 5 and $ 1 .5 0 , h o w e v e r , in c r e a s e d fro m s lig h tly m o r e than a six th
to n e a r ly a th ird .
T u s c a lo o s a , A la .
An e s tim a te d 1 4 ,8 0 0 n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s w ith in sc o p e of the s u r v e y ,
as a gro u p , had a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u r ly ea r n in g s o f $ 1 .8 1 in June 1962.
M ed ian e a r n in g s w e r e 18 c e n ts b e lo w the a v e r a g e and ea r n in g s fo r th e m id d le
50 p e r c e n t of th e w o r k e r s ra n g ed fr o m $ 1 . 17 to $ 2 .4 0 an h o u r. A n eig h th of
th e w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s th an $ 1 an hour and a ten th r e c e iv e d b e tw een $ 1 .1 5 and
$ 1 .2 0 (ta b le 8).
F a c to r y w o r k e r s , w ho a cco u n ted fo r about h a lf o f th e a r e a w o rk fo r c e
in clu d ed in the s u r v e y , a v e r a g e d $ 2 . 15, 34 c e n ts an hour a b ove the a r e a a ll
in d u s tr ie s a v e r a g e . A lm o st th r e e -fifth s o f th e w o r k e r s e a rn ed at le a s t $ 2 an h o u r,
a th ird $ 2 . 50 or m o r e , and a ten th $ 3 or m o r e . T h e s e ea r n in g s w e r e a ttrib u ta b le
to the la r g e n u m b er of w o r k e r s in r e la tiv e ly h igh w a g e in d u s tr ie s — p r im a r y
m e ta ls , p a p er p r o d u c ts, ru b b er, and m is c e lla n e o u s p la s t ic s . T o g e th e r , th ey
a cco u n ted fo r a p p r o x im a te ly th r e e -fifth s o f th e m a n u fa ctu rin g em p lo y m en t; the
co m b in ed h o u r ly p ay le v e l w as $ 2 .4 8 . A t th e o th er end o f the p ay s c a le w as
about a six th o f th e w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s than $ 1 . 2 5 an hour and an eig h th at
or ju st ab ove th e $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e. M ost of th e s e w o r k e r s w e r e
e m p lo y ed in th e food and lu m b er p r o d u c ts in d u s tr ie s , ea ch em p lo y in g about a
ten th o f th e m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s.
In n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s , a v e r a g e e a r n in g s o f $ 1 . 4 8 w e r e 67 c e n ts
an hou r le s s than the m a n u fa ctu rin g pay le v e l. T h e a p p lica tio n of both the
$ 1 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e fo r e m p lo y e e s brou ght un d er th e p r o v is io n s of the
F a ir L a b o r S tan d ard s A ct a s a m en d ed in S e p tem b er 1961 and $ 1 . 1 5 fo r e m p lo y e e s
p r e v io u s ly c o v e r e d w a s ap p a ren t in th e n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g w a g e d istr ib u tio n . H a lf
of th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s than $ 1 . 2 5 an h o u r, about a ten th ea ch
w e r e at the $ 1 . 1 5 —$ 1 . 2 0 and $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 w a g e in te r v a ls . N e a r ly a fou rth of the
w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s than $ 1 an h o u r.
W o r k ers in r e ta il tr a d e , w ho c o n stitu te d about tw o -fifth s of the n o n m a n u ­
fa ctu rin g w o rk fo r c e , a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 2 1 an h o u r. A bout a th ird of the r e ta il w o r k e r s
w e r e paid le s s than $ 1 an hou r and th ey c o n stitu te d a lm o s t th r e e -fifth s of the
n o n fa c to r y w o r k e r s w ith su ch e a r n in g s. M ore than a fifth o f th e r e ta il w o r k e r s
w e r e at th e $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 w age in te r v a l and th ey a cco u n ted fo r n e a r ly n in e -te n th s of
the n o n m a n u factu rin g w o r k e r s at th at in te r v a l.
In w h o le s a le tr a d e , w h ich em p lo y ed fe w e r th an a ten th of the n o n fa cto ry
w o rk fo r c e , th e p ay le v e l w a s $ 1 . 3 9 an hou r in June 1962. N e a r ly tw o -fifth s of
the w o r k e r s e a rn ed b e tw een $ 1 . 15 and $ 1 . 2 0 an hou r and th at group a cco u n ted
fo r m o r e than a fou rth o f the n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s w ith su ch e a r n in g s.
A bout s e v e n -te n th s of th e w o r k e r s in w h o le s a le o u tle ts ea rn ed le s s than $ 1 . 5 0 .



20

A v e r a g e e a r n in g s of $ 2 . 03 an hou r w e r e the sa m e fo r w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t
c o n str u c tio n and in th e tr a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u t ilitie s g r o u p s.
T h e r e w e r e m a rk e d d iffe r e n c e s , h o w e v e r , in th e p r o p o r tio n s of w o r k e r s at
v a r io u s le v e ls of p a y . F o r e x a m p le , n e a r ly a fifth of th e w o r k e r s in th e t r a n s ­
p o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u t ilitie s grou p w e r e p aid th e $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l
m in im u m w a g e , co m p a re d w ith a tw en tie th in c o n tr a c t c o n s tr u c tio n . N e a r ly a
fou rth of th e w o r k e r s in the la tte r g ro u p , on the o th er hand, e a rn ed at le a s t
$ 3 an hou r w h ile o n ly a tw en tie th o f th o se in th e fo r m e r grou p had su ch e a r n in g s.
D e sp ite th e s e d iffe r e n c e s , a p p r o x im a te ly h a lf the w o r k e r s in both g ro u p s had
ea r n in g s of le s s th an $ 1. 60 an h o u r.
W age C h a n g e s. T he pay le v e l fo r the a r e a 's n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s
a d v a n ced by 9 c e n ts an hour b e tw een June of 1961 and 1962. T he p r o p o rtio n of
w o r k e r s ea rn in g l e s s than $ 1 an hou r d e c r e a s e d fro m a six th to an eig h th du ring
th is p e r io d and th o se ea rn in g le s s than $ 1 . 1 5 fr o m m o r e than th r e e -te n th s to a
fifth . T h is red u ctio n w a s p a r tia lly o ffs e t by an in c r e a s e fro m 3 to 10 p e r c e n t
o f th o se w ith ea r n in g s at or ju st ab o v e th e $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e . An
in c r e a s e fro m 5 to 9 p e r c e n t a ls o o c c u r r e d fo r the p r o p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s ea rn in g
$ 3 an hour or m o r e .
T he m a n u fa ctu rin g pay le v e l r o s e by 5 c e n ts an h ou r b e tw een s u r v e y
p e r io d s . P a r t o f th e ch an ge in th e w a g e d istr ib u tio n is a ttrib u ta b le to the in ­
c r e a s e o f th e F e d e r a l m in im u m fro m $ 1 to $ 1 . 15, e ffe c tiv e in S e p tem b er 1961.
In June 1961, a ten th of th e w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d th e $ 1 m in im u m . In June 1962,
a p p r o x im a te ly th e sa m e p r o p o rtio n w e r e p aid th e $ 1 . 15 m in im u m , w h e r e a s on ly
2 p e r c e n t had su ch e a rn in g s the p r e v io u s y e a r . B e tw e e n s u r v e y s , th e p r o p o rtio n
of fa c to r y w o r k e r s ea rn in g $ 3 an hou r or m o r e in c r e a s e d fr o m 7 to 11 p e r c e n t.
In n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s , ea r n in g s a v e r a g e d 12 c e n ts an hou r
h ig h e r in June 1962 than in June 1961. In th e e a r lie r p e r io d , th r e e -te n th s of
the w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s than $ 1 and n e a r ly h a lf le s s th an $ 1 . 1 5 an h o u r. T h e se
p r o p o rtio n s w e r e red u ce d to fe w e r than a fo u rth and fe w e r th an tw o -fifth s , r e ­
s p e c tiv e ly , by Jun e 1962. N o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s ea rn in g b e tw een $ 1 . 1 5 and $ 1 . 2 0
an hour had in c r e a s e d fro m 4 to 9 p e r c e n t. A lth ou gh m an y o f th e w o r k e r s at
th e $1 to $ 1 . 0 5 w a g e in te r v a l in June 1961 m o v ed up to th e h ig h e r m in im u m
by June 1962, the p r o p o rtio n at th e $ 1 to $ 1 . 0 5 w a g e in te r v a l did not ch an ge
sig n ific a n tly d u rin g th is p e r io d , fr o m 12 to 10 p e r c e n t.
M ost o f th e ch an g e at th e $ 1 le v e l fo r n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s w a s la r g e ly
a cco u n ted fo r by th e w a g e m o v em en t in r e ta il tr a d e , w h e r e a v e r a g e ea r n in g s
in c r e a s e d by 14 c e n ts an h o u r. T h e p r o p o rtio n of r e ta il w o r k e r s ea rn in g le s s
than $ 1 an hou r d e c lin e d fro m h a lf in June 1961 to fe w e r than a th ird in June
1962 and a cco u n ted fo r fiv e -s ix th s of the red u ctio n in n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s w ith
su ch e a r n in g s .15 T he p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s ea rn in g th e $ 1 m in im u m dou b led
du ring th is p e r io d , fro m a p p r o x im a te ly a ten th to a fifth .
W age ch a n g es in w h o le s a le tr a d e , w h e re a v e r a g e e a rn in g s in c r e a s e d by
6 c e n ts an h o u r, d e m o n str a te d th e e ffe c ts o f the in c r e a s e of th e F e d e r a l m in im u m
w a g e to $ 1 . 15. T h ir ty -s ix p e r c e n t of th e w o r k e r s w e r e p a id le s s than $ 1 . 15 an
hour and n e a r ly a fo u rth w e r e at th e $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 p ay in te r v a l in June 1961. T he
p r o p o rtio n p aid th e $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m w age had m o r e than d ou b led by
June 1962, fr o m 16 to 38 p e r c e n t. M ark ed ch a n g es in the d istr ib u tio n o f w o r k e r s

15 A fourth of Tuscaloosa's retail trade workers in June 1962 were employed in establishments which became
subject to the Fair Labor Standards Act in September 1961.




21

at the $ 1 . 1 5 p ay le v e l a ls o o c c u r r e d in th e tr a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and
p u b lic u tilitie s g ro u p , w h e r e th e a v e r a g e pay le v e l in c r e a s e d by 27 c e n ts . In
June 1961, 15 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s th an $ 1 . 15 and 11 p e r c e n t w e r e
p a id $ 1 an h o u r. In June 1962, v ir tu a lly a ll of th e w o r k e r s e a rn ed at le a s t
$ 1 . 15 an hou r and th e p r o p o rtio n at or ju st ab o v e th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m
had in c r e a s e d fro m 2 to 19 p e r c e n t.
In th e c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n in d u str y , th e h o u rly p ay le v e l w a s u n ch an g ed ,
$ 2. 03 in both s u r v e y y e a r s . N e v e r th e le s s , th e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s ea rn in g
$ 3 or m o r e an hour in c r e a s e d fro m 17 to 24 p e r c e n t, w h ich co n trib u ted s ig n if i­
c a n tly to th e a r e a -w id e in c r e a s e in th e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s w ith su ch e a r n in g s.
W ich ita F a lls , T ex .
In June 1962, an e s tim a te d 1 4 , 9 0 0 n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s w ith in the
sc o p e of th e s u r v e y , as a gro u p , a v e r a g e d $ 1. 70 an h o u r. E a rn in g s for th e m id d le
h a lf of the w o r k e r s ra n g ed fr o m $ 1 . 2 1 to $ 2 . 0 7 an h o u r, and m ed ia n e a rn in g s
w e r e $ 1 . 5 2 an h o u r. A ten th o f th e w o r k e r s ea rn in g b e tw een $ 1 . 2 5 and $ 1 . 3 0
an hou r w a s th e la r g e s t c o n c e n tr a tio n at any one 5 -c e n t w a g e in te r v a l (ta b le 9).
F e w e r than a fifth of th e w o r k e r s in clu d ed in th e s u r v e y w e r e em p lo y ed
in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , w h e r e a v e r a g e e a r n in g s of $ 1 . 7 6 w e r e 6 c e n ts an
hou r h ig h e r th an th e a r e a a ll in d u s tr ie s a v e r a g e . S e v e n -te n th s of th e fa c to r y
w o r k e r s e a rn ed le s s than $ 2 an hou r and m o r e than tw o -fifth s le s s than $ 1. 50. An
eig h th of the w o r k e r s w e r e p aid th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e. T he m a jo r
m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s in th e a r e a w e r e food and k in d red p r o d u c ts, a p p a r e l, and
m a c h in e r y (e x c e p t e le c t r ic a l) , w h ich a cco u n ted fo r a p p r o x im a te ly th r e e -te n th s ,
about a six th , and a fifth , r e s p e c tiv e ly , of the fa c to r y w o rk fo r c e . T he h ig h e st
p ay le v e l w a s $ 1 . 8 9 an hou r in m a c h in e r y , fo llo w e d by $ 1. 68 in food , and $ 1. 34
in a p p a r e l. N e a r ly h a lf of th e fa c to r y w o r k e r s at th e $ 1 . 15—$ 1 . 2 0 w age in te r v a l
w e r e e m p lo y ed in a p p a rel p la n ts.
In n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s , a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e ea r n in g s w e r e
$ 1 . 6 8 an h o u r. A bout a ten th of th e w o r k e r s ea rn ed le s s than $ 1 an h o u r, m o r e
th an a fifth le s s than $ 1. 15, and h a lf le s s than $ 1. 50. T he p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s
at e ith e r the $ 1—$ 1 . 0 5 or $ 1. 15—$ 1. 20 w a g e in te r v a ls did not e x c e e d 6 p e r c e n t.
T he la r g e s t s in g le c o n c e n tr a tio n at any 5 -c e n t in te r v a l w a s a ten th of th e w o r k e r s
w ho e a r n e d fr o m $ 1. 25 to $ 1. 30 an h o u r.
M ore th an a t h ir d of the n o n f a c t o r y w o r k e r s w e r e em p lo y ed in r e t a i l
tr a d e , w h e r e a v e r a g e ea r n in g s w e r e $ 1 . 5 2 an h o u r. F o u r te e n p e r c e n t of th e
r e ta il w o r k e r s w e r e p aid le s s th an $ 1 an hour and th ey r e p r e s e n te d n e a r ly h a lf
of th e n o n m a n u factu rin g w o r k e r s w ith su c h e a r n in g s. A p p r o x im a te ly a ten th of
the w o r k e r s w e r e at the $ 1 —$ 1 . 0 5 w age in te r v a l, m o r e th an tw o -fifth s ea rn ed
le s s th an $ 1. 25, and m o r e than th r e e -fifth s le s s than $ 1. 50.
In w h o le s a le tr a d e , w o r k e r s a v e r a g e d $ 1 . 6 0 an h o u r. S lig h tly m o r e than
a six th of th e w o r k e r s w e r e c o n c e n tr a te d at th e $ 1 . 15 to $ 1 . 2 0 w a g e in te r v a l.
A lth o u g h w h o le s a le tra d e c o m p r is e d a ten th of th e n o n fa cto ry w o r k e r s , it a c ­
co u n ted fo r a th ird of su ch w o r k e r s at or ju st a b ove th e $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l m in im u m .
A bout a fou rth of th e w o r k e r s had e a r n in g s of le s s than $ 1. 25 and m o r e th an h a lf
r e c e iv e d le s s th an $ 1. 50 an h o u r.
In th e fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te in d u stry g ro u p , th e pay le v e l
e x c e e d e d th at in w h o le s a le tra d e by 5 c e n ts an h o u r. A bout a ten th of th e w o r k e r s
in th e fo r m e r grou p ea rn ed le s s than $ 1 . 2 5 , and n e a r ly a six th w e r e at the
$ 1 . 2 5 —$ 1 . 3 0 w a g e in te r v a l, and m o r e than h a lf ea rn ed at le a s t $ 1 . 5 0 an h o u r.
P a y le v e ls w e r e su b sta n tia lly h ig h e r in c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n and the
tr a n sp o r ta tio n , co m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u t ilitie s g r o u p s, at $ 2 . 14 and $ 1 . 9 7



22

an h o u r, r e s p e c tiv e ly , than in e ith e r th e fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te
in d u str y grou p or th e w h o le s a le tra d e gro u p . H a lf o f th e c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n
w o r k e r s e a rn ed $ 2 or m o r e an hou r and a fo u rth r e c e iv e d at le a s t $ 3 . In
tr a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and p u b lic u t ilit ie s , tw o -fifth s o f th e w o r k e r s
e a rn ed $ 2 or m o r e an hour and m o r e th an a fou rth $ 2 . 5 0 or m o r e . R e la tiv e ly
few w o r k e r s in e ith e r in d u stry grou p w e r e at or b e lo w th e $ 1 . 1 5 F e d e r a l
m in im u m , a lth o u g h a fifth of th e c o n s tr u c tio n w o r k e r s e a rn ed b e tw een $ 1 . 2 5 and
$ 1 . 3 0 an h o u r.
W age C h a n g e s. T he p ay le v e l fo r n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s in c r e a s e d by
11 c e n ts an hou r b e tw e e n June o f 1961 and 1962. T h e p r o p o r tio n o f w o r k e r s
ea rn in g le s s th an $ 1 . 15 an hour d e c lin e d fr o m n e a r ly th r e e -te n th s to a p p r o x im a te ly
a six th . T h e p r o p o rtio n ea rn in g fr o m $ 1 . 1 5 to $ 1 . 2 0 in c r e a s e d s lig h tly , fr o m
4 to 7 p e r c e n t, and w a s a c c o m p a n ie d by s m a ll in c r e m e n ts in th e p r o p o r tio n of
w o r k e r s at m o s t of th e h ig h e r p ay in te r v a ls , r e s u ltin g in an o v e r a ll in c r e a s e of
fr o m fe w e r th an tw o -th ir d s to n e a r ly th r e e -fo u r th s of th e w o r k e r s e a rn in g $ 1 . 2 5
or m o r e an h o u r.
A lth o u g h th e pay le v e l in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s a v e r a g e d 1 cen t an
hou r le s s in Jun e of 1962 th an in 1961, th e p r o p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s ea rn in g l e s s
than $ 1 . 15 an hou r d e c lin e d fr o m 16 to 1 p e r c e n t. T h e p r o p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s
at or ju st a b ove th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e m o r e th an d o u b led , fro m
5 to 12 p e r c e n t. A lth ou gh th e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s ea rn in g $ 1 . 5 0 or m o r e an
hou r r e m a in e d at a p p r o x im a te ly th r e e - f if t h s , th o se ea rn in g $ 2 or m o r e , d e c lin e d
fr o m 36 to 31 p e r c e n t.
In n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s , a v e r a g e e a r n in g s r o s e by 13 c e n ts an
hou r b e tw e e n s u r v e y y e a r s . In Jun e 1961, a lm o s t a fifth of th e w o r k e r s w e r e
p aid le s s than $ 1 an h ou r and m o r e th an th r e e -te n th s le s s than $ 1 . 1 5 . In June
1962, th e s e p r o p o r tio n s w e r e red u ce d by about tw o -fifth s and a th ir d , r e s p e c tiv e ly .
T h e F e d e r a l m in im u m w a g e r a te s did not g e n e r a te a c lu s te r in g of n o n fa cto ry
w o r k e r s at e ith e r the $ 1 or $ 1 . 15 p ay le v e ls . W age d istr ib u tio n c h a n g es ten d ed
to sp r e a d o v e r th e e n tir e pay s c a le .
A m on g th e s e le c te d n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u str y g r o u p s, o n ly in w h o le s a le
tra d e w a s th e r e a sig n ific a n t in c r e a s e in th e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s at or ju st
a b ove th e F e d e r a l m in im u m of $ 1 . 15, fr o m 12 to 18 p e r c e n t. T h e p r o p o rtio n
b elo w th at am oun t d e c r e a s e d fr o m 15 to 5 p e r c e n t. In fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and
r e a l e s ta te , the p r o p o rtio n w ith su ch e a r n in g s d e c lin e d fro m 17 to 7 p e r c e n t,
but th is d e c lin e w a s not a cco m p a n ie d by an y in c r e a s e in th e p r o p o rtio n of w o r k e r s
at th e $ 1. 15—$ 1 . 2 0 w a g e in te r v a l.
In r e ta il tr a d e , the p o rp o rtio n ea rn in g le s s th an $ 1 an hou r w a s red u ce d
by about h a lf b e tw een June o f 1961 and 1962, fr o m 29 to 14 p e r c e n t, a cco u n tin g
fo r n in e -te n th s o f th e to ta l d e c lin e in n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g w o r k e r s w ith su ch
e a r n in g s .16 T h e p r o p o rtio n at th e $ 1—$ 1. 05 w a g e in te r v a l, c o n tr a r y to th e n o rm a l
p a ttern of w a g e m o v e m e n t, w a s g r e a te r in 1961 than in 1962, 15 and 11 p e r c e n t,
r e s p e c tiv e ly . W h ile little ch an g e o c c u r r e d in the p r o p o r tio n of w o r k e r s w ith
e a r n in g s b e tw een $ 1 and $ 1. 50, the p r o p o rtio n ea rn in g $ 1. 50 or m o r e in c r e a s e d
fr o m fe w e r than a fo u rth to a lm o s t tw o -fifth s .
T he p ay le v e l w a s u n ch an ged in c o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n b e tw een Ju n e of
1961 and 1962 and d e c lin e d by 5 c e n ts an hou r in th e tr a n sp o r ta tio n , c o m m u n i­
c a tio n , and p u b lic u t ilitie s gro u p . In th e la tte r g ro u p , a lth o u g h the p r o p o rtio n
of w o r k e r s w ho e a rn ed le s s than th e $ 1 . 15 F e d e r a l m in im u m w a s red u ce d fro m
4 to 1 p e r c e n t, th e p r o p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s ea rn in g $ 2 o r m o r e d e c r e a s e d fr o m
44 to 41 p e r c e n t. 1
1^ T hirty-six percent of W ichita Fall's retail workers in June 1962 were em ployed in establishm ents which
becam e subject to the Fair Labor Standards A ct in Septem ber 1961.



Table 1. Amarillo, Tex.
( P e r c e n ta g e d istrib u tio n of n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , 1
s e le c te d in d u s tr y g r o u p s , 2 Ju n e 1961 and Ju n e 1962)
All
in d u strie s

A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s

June
1961
U n d e r $ 0. 50______________________________________
$ 0 . 50
$ 0. 55
$ 0. 60
$ 0. 65
$ 0 .7 0
$ 0 .7 5
$ 0. 80
$ 0 .8 5
$ 0 .9 0
$ 0 .9 5
$ 1. 00
$ 1. 0 5
$ 1. 10
$ 1 .1 5
$ 1. 20

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
an d
and
an d

under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under

$ 0 . 55_________ _________________
$ 0. 60
__
_____
$ 0. 65_________________________
$ 0. 70
_
_
$ 0 . 7 5 _________________________
$ 0. 80_________________________
$ 0. 85
___ _ _
$ 0 . 9 0 _________________________
$ 0. 9 5
________
$ 1 .0 0
$ 1. 05
$ 1 .1 0
$ 1. 15_________________________
$ 1. 20
$ 1. 25

$ 1. 25
$ 1. 30
$ 1. 35
$ 1.4 0
$ 1. 45
$ 1. 50
$ 1 .6 0
$ 1. 70
$ 1. 80
$ 1. 90

and
an d
and
and
an d
an d
and
an d
an d
an d

under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under

$ 1. 30 __
_
__ _
$ 1. 35__________ _____________
$ 1. 40_________________________
$ 1. 45
$ 1. 50_________________________
$ 1. 60
$ 1 .7 0
$ 1. 80_________________________
$ 1 . 90_ _____ __
_ ____
$ 2. 00

$ 2. 00
$ 2. 10
$ 2. 20
$ 2. 30
$ 2. 40

and
an d
an d
and
an d

under
under
under
under
under

$ 2.
$ 2.
$ 2.
$ 2.
$ 2.

$ 2. 50
$ 2. 60
$ 2. 7 0
$ 2. 80
$ 2. 90

an d
and
an d
and
an d

under
under
under
under
under

$ 2. 60
$ 2. 70_________________________
$ 2. 80_________________________
$ 2. 90_________________________
$ 3. 00

10__
_ __ _____
20_________________________
30_________________________
40
50__ _ _________________

June
1962

1.5

.6
.1
1. 0
.2
.9
1. 8
1. 2
1.2

1. 1
.9
6. 4
1. 5
3. 0
3. 7
2. 6
6. 4
3.4
4.0
3.2

1. 7

8.
6.
4.
4.

M anufa c tu r ing
in d u s tr i e s

2
1
6
2

0.3

.5
.3
1.1

.1
.1
1. 2
1. 1
.5
.8
.3
5. 8
1. 1
2. 0
4.9
3.1
7.5
3.4
4.3

3. 7
2. 8

1. 9

6. 5
4. 7
4. 6
4. 4
3. 6
4. 8
2. 3
3. 1
2. 6
1. 7

2.3

2.3

2.7

4. 4
3.0
3.2
1. 7

Ju n e
1961

Ju n e
1962

_
-

_
_
_
_
-

_

4. 1
1. 4
3. 6
2. 4
1. 2
5. 5
4. 0
4. 2
4.1

4. 6
12. 9
7. 5
5. 1
3. 7
2. 9
3. 1
4. 5
6. 8
5. 3
3. 6
3. 2
.8
.4
.4
.4

T o t a l 3*1
Ju n e
June
1961
1962
1. 7
.6
.1
1. 1
.2
1. 0
2. 1
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.0

.3
.5
5. 1
4. 0

6. 7
i. 5
2.9
3. 8
2. 7

6. 3
8. 5
7. 7
5. 3
4. 9
7. 6
7. 2

6. 5
3. 3
4. 0
3. 0
1. 2
7. 7

0.7

5.9
2.9

2. 1
2.5

5.9
4.5
4.2
2.7
4.7

1. 4
.8
.6
1. 2
.2

2. 8
2. 6
1. 2
1. 6
2. 2
.9
2. 1
.8
.7

1. 6
5. 9
4. 2
4. 7

0.4

.6
.4
1.3
2
1

.
.
1. 4

1.3

.6
1. 0
.4
6. 7
1.2
2.2

4. 8
2.9

7. 8
2. 5
3. 7
3. 5
2. 4
6. 3
4. 3
4. 3
4. 6
3. 8
5. 1
2. 4
2. 6
2. 3
1. 2

C o n tr a c t
c o n s tru c tio n
Ju n e
June
1961
1962
_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
-

0.7

0.1

_
.1
_
5. ?
.4

4.7
1.3

-

7.3
3.1

5. 8
1. 6
7. 0
12. 3
1. 3
5. 8
.5
1. 6

T o t a l _______________________________________

.9
.7
.6
7. 5
100. 0

8. 6
100. 0

100.0

8. 0
100. 0

8. 0
100. 0

8. 7
100. 0

N u m b e r of w o r k e r s (in h u n d r e d s ) _____________
A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s

221
$1. 72

218
$1. 78 '

28
$1. 77

32
$1. 80

192
$1.71

186
$1. 77

25
$2. 46

$ 3. 00 an d o v e r

_

_ __

1.9

1.2

1. 3
1.2
2.2

4. 1

1.3

1. 4
1.2
2. 6

.

_
_
-

2 .9
1. 0
2. 8
(4)
(4)
33. 9
100, 0

2.4

_
_
_
_
-

.6
_

1.5

.7

4.0

.1
1. 4
.4
.1

5.7
2.3
4.9
2.5
2.7
12.2

.6
4. 8
3. 7
2. 0

N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr i e s
T r a n s p o r ta ti o n ,
W h o le sale
c o m m u n ic a tio n ,
trade
and public u tilitie s
Ju n e
Ju n e
Ju n e
June
1961
1962
1962
1961
0.4
0.3
0. 1
_
.
.
.2
_
_
_
.3
_
_
_
.2
_
_
.1
.4
.2
.2
.3
.2
(4)
_
.3
.1
_
0. 2
.3
1.2
_
_
.4
.2
.3
.2
.2
.1
.6
5. 6
.1
.3
.2
.1
.6
.1
4. 6
.8
2
.
3
5.
6
10.
2
.9
1. 8
3. 2
1. 9
1. 9
5. 6
3.5
11.0
10. 6
4. 8
.8
1.2
6. 8
5. 0
2.2
5. 2
7. 1
4. 7
3. 1
2. 6
4. 5
1.0
2. 4
3. 5
1. 9
4. 4
10. 7
5. 8
11. 0
6. 0
3. 6
5. 8
8. 4
7. 0
6. 5
5. 0
6. 2
4.
8
3. 4
9.4
9. 7
2. 8
3. 0
3. 3
2 .9
3. 8
5. 7
5. 2
7.3
4. 2
2. 6
2. 5
3.3
2. 1
1. 8
3. 8
1.9
2. 4
4.0
1. 2
1. 1
4. 0
2.0
.1
1.5

R e ta il
trade
June
Ju n e
1961
1962
3.7
1.5

.1

2.2

.4
2. 8
3. 5
1. 6
2. 4
2. 2
1. 0
11. 7
2.7
4. 4
5.3

2. 8
5. 5
4.4
3.5

2. 6
1. 1
6. 6
6. 6
2.0

2. 6
1. 2
2. 4
2.1

1. 4
.5
.9

1. 5
.9
1. 8
.6
.5
44. 6
100. 0

4. 6
2. 1
9. 3
1. 3
1. 1
8. 7
100. 0

13. 5

1.5

9. 9
100. 0

1.7

3.0

4.1

100.0

100.0

19
$2. 64

28
$1. 99

30
$2. 19

27
$1. 64

30
$ 1 .6 6

5. 8
3. 1
4.5
3.9

3.3

.7
.7
.3

3.2

.3
.7
1. 1
.9

0.5

1. 6
.5
.2
_
.1
.5
1. 8
.8
1. 7
.7

F in a n ce ,
in s u r a n c e ,
an d r e a l e sta te
June
June
1961
1962
-

-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_

0.3

3. 8
3. 4

.1
(4)
(4)
.2
.1
.7
9.2
2. 8

8. 5
2. 7
4. 1
3. 6
3. 3

7. 3
4. 6
2. 5
4. 3
2. 3

13. 8
4. 5
4. 0
6. 0
3. 7

3. 9
3. 1
3. 5
3. 6
3. 6

15. 4
8. 1
6. 8
7. 8
3. 7
4. 7
4. 1

12. 8
6. 6
4. 4
3. 8
8. 4

16. 6
3. 1
5. 3
4. 7
3. 2

2. 7
1. 7
2.4
2.0

.8

1.0
5.0
1.9
2.0

3.3

2. 7
1.3

.4
.1

2. 2
2. 8
1. 4
3.4
1.7

1. 4

1. 8
.8
1. 3
.1
3. 0

100.0

.9
1. 3
1. 0
1. 1
.5
4. 3
100. 0

100.0

100. 0

72
$1. 48

64
$1. 55

17
$1. 65

21
$1. 67

1.0

.9
.5
1. 4
.5

_

.8
1.2

1 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w o rk on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s, and late sh ifts.
T h e 1957 r e v i s e d e d itio n of th e S ta n d ard In d u stria l C la ssific a tio n M a n ua l p r e p a r e d by th e B u r e a u of the Budget w a s u s e d in c la s s ify in g e s ta b li s h m e n t s by in d u s try d iv isio n and group.
M a jo r in d u s tr y d iv is io n s e x c lu d e d fro m th e su rv e y w e r e a g r ic u lt u r e and g o v e rn m e n t. A lso ex clu d ed w e r e p e tr o le u m and n a tu r a l gas f r o m m in ing ; r a i l r o a d s f r o m tra n s p o r ta t io n ; and nonprofit
r e li g i o u s , c h a r i t a b l e , e d u c a tio n a l, and h u m ane o rg a n iz a tio n s fro m s e r v i c e s .
3 In clu d es n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g in d u s tr i e s in a ddition to th o se shown s e p a r a te ly .
4 L e s s th a n 0. 05 p e r c e n t .
NO TE: B e c a u s e of ro u n d in g , s u m s of individual ite m s m a y not equal 100.




OO

to

Table 2. Asheville, N.C.
(P e r c e n ta g e d istrib u tio n of n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u rly e a r n in g s , 1
se le c te d in d u s try g r o u p s , 2 Ju n e 1961 and Ju n e 1962)

A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s

All
in d u strie s
June
1961

Iln d p r $ 0. SO

M a n ufacturing
in d u strie s

June
1962

0. 8

0. 7

.2
.2
.4
1. 0
.3

.4
.1
.4
.3
.5
2. 3
.9
.9
'. 9
.6
4. 8
1. 7
1. 4
11. 7
4. 1

$ 0. 50
$ 0. 55
$ 0. 60
$ 0. 65
$ 0 .7 0
$ 0 .7 5
$ 0. 80
$ 0 .8 5
$ 0. 90
$ 0 .9 5
$ 1. 00
$ 1 .0 5
$ 1. 10
$ 1 .1 5
$ 1. 20

an d
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under

$ 0. 55
_ _
$ 0. 60
$ 0. 65
$ 0. 70
$ 0 .7 5
$ 0 .8 0
$ 0 .8 5
$ 0. 90__________________________
$ 0. 95__________________________
$ 1. 00__________________________
$ 1. 05
$ 1 .1 0
$ 1 .1 5
$ 1. 20__________________________
$ 1. 25

5.9
1. 3
1. 1
1. 3
1. 1
10. 5
1. 8
3. 0
4. 2
3. 7

$ 1. 25
$ 1. 30
$ 1. 35
$ 1. 40
$ 1. 45
$ 1. 50
$ 1. 60
$ 1. 70
$ 1. 80
$ 1. 9 0

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under

$ 1. 30
$ 1. 35__________________________
$ 1. 40__________________________
$ 1. 45__________________________
$ 1. 50__________________________
$ 1. 60________
$ 1. 70__________________________
$ 1. 80__________________________
$ 1. 9 0 __________________________
$ 2. 00________________ _________

7. 0
5. 1
3. 3
3. 4
2. 4
6. 6
6. 6
5. 0
4. 5
4. 7

$ 2. 00
$ 2. 10
$ 2. 20
$ 2. 30
$ 2. 40

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 2.
$ 2.
$ 2.
$ 2.
$ 2.

10__________________________
20__________________________
30__________________________
40____
_____
50

$ 2. 50
$ 2. 60
$ 2. 70
$ 2. 80
$ 2. 90

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 2. 60__
___
$ 2. 70__________________________
$ 2. 80
$ 2. 90_____ _ __ ______
$ 3. 00__________________________

June
1961

Ju n e
1962
0. 2

(4)
(4)
_
0. 6
.2
.2
.2
.2
8. 7
1. 6
2. 6
4. 5
4. 3

.1
.1
_
(4 )
.1
.1
.1
(4 )
.1
.1
.7
.2
.1
13. 1
4. 1
4. 6
5 .9
7. 4
5. 8
5. 1

T o tal3
Ju n e
1961
1. 6
.4
.3
.8
2. 0
.7
11. 5
2. 7
2. 2
2. 6
2. 0
12. 6
2. 1
3. 4
3. 8
3. 0

Ju n e
1962
1.4
.8
.2
.8
.6
1. 0
5. 0
2. 0
1.9
1. 9
1. 3

C o n tr a c t
c o n s tru c tio n
Ju n e
June
1961
1962
.

N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr i e s
T ra n s p o r ta ti o n ,
W h ole sale
c o m m u n ic a tio n ,
tr a d e
and public u tilitie s
Ju n e
Ju n e
June
Ju n e
1961
1962
1961
1962

.

_
_
.1
.1

_
_
_
0. 1
_
_
.1
.1

9. 8
3. 5
3. 0
10. 0
4. 2

15. 4
.9
4. 4
4. 4
1. 2

2. 9
1. 7
13. 7
2. 3

9. 6
1. 9
1. 5
1. 5
.7
3. 8
2. 2
5. 7
2. 0
.8
10. 0
6. 9
12. 1
2. 1
1. 7
3. 6
1. 8
2. 5
.1
3. 0

8. 3
.9
3. 2
3. 4
.2
10. 9
3. 7
7. 6
1. 6
1. 1
11. 6
1. 7
10. 3
2 .9
.2

_

0. 1
.

_

4. 1
3. 6
3. 7
3. 8
1. 6
4. 2
2 .9
2. 7
1. 4
1.6

_
_
_
0. 7
_
_
25. 6
10. 9

9. 5
1. 3
1. 2
2. 7
1. 2
4. 6
6. 6
4. 7
3.9
2. 3

10. 9
10. 9
3. 7
2. 9
2. 5

5. 6
1. 8
1. 1
.3

3. 3
2. 5
.9
1. 2
.2

3. 4
1. 6
1. 1
.4

5. 3
1. 4
4. 3
1. 8
2. 9
2. 2
9. 4
1. 2
5. 5
.5

9. 7
3. 8
4. 6
1. 4
.9
6. 9
4. 4
6. 6
4. 1
3. 9
5. 4
2. 7
2 .9
3. 4
1. 5
4. 8
1. 6
3. 9
2. 4
4. 6

.4
1. 2
.3
1. 2
.2

.9
.3
.1
.1
.1

2. 6
.5
.6
.6
.8
.6
.7
.3
.5
.1

.8
100. 0

1. 7
100. 0

54
$1. 27

45
$1. 30

4. 0
1. 7
2 .9
1. 1
.8

5. 1
1. 6
2. 1
1.9
.7

3. 2
1. 2
2. 8
.8
.5

5. 8
1. 8
1. 5
2. 3
.6

4 .9
2. 2
3. 0
1. 4
1. 1

1. 1
1. 0
.5
.6
.1

1. 1
.6
.5
.4
.4

1. 0
.5
.4
.2
.1

1. 5
1. 8
.7
1. 1
.1

1. 4
.8
.7
.6
.7

1. 2
100. 0

1. 5
100. 0

2. 2
100. 0

100. 0

4 .9
100. 0

5. 1
100. 0

2. 2

100. 0

.4
100. 0

2. 5

T o t a l _______________________________ i ______

1. 0
100. 0

.7
.3
.3
.2
(4)
.4

100. 0

100. 0

.7
1. 4
_
.9
.9
100. 0

N u m b e r of w o r k e r s (in h u n d re d s)
A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s ________________________

251
$1 .4 6

263
$1. 51

130
$1. 52

144
$1. 58

121
$1. 39

119
$ 1 .4 2

15
$1. 73

16
$1. 78

11
$1. 85

13
$1. 82

12
$1. 43

12
$1. 47




4. 6
4. 1
2. 0
1. 4
1. 8
4. 3
2. 7
3. 3
1. 8
1. 8
4. 3
.3
1. 5
1. 3
1. 1

_
_
_
26. 2
6. 6
7. 3
2. 3
5. 2

9. 5
8. 4
10. 0
4. 2
5. 5

NO TE: B e c a u s e of ro u n d in g , s u m s of in d iv id u a l ite m s m a y not equal 100.

19. 8
7. 8
5. 2
7. 1
4. 4

_
_
0. 1
.8
3. 5
_
.4
9 .4
3. 7

7 .9
6. 4
7. 1
3. 1
3. 8

See fo otnote 1, ta b le 1.
See fo otnote 2, ta b le 1.
In c lu d e s n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g in d u s t r i e s in ad d ition to th o se shown s e p a ra te ly .
L e s s th a n 0. 05 p e r c e n t .

12. 1
1. 4
3. 5
5. 1
4. 1

_
-

6. 7
3. 8
4. 0
3. 0
1. 4
6. 0
3. 9
3. 5
1. 7
1. 8
4. 2
1. 3
2. 8
1.4
.7

1
2
3
4

1. 0
.4
.7
1. 4
3. 4
2. 6
3. 2
2. 4
2. 0

_
-

4 .9
2. 7
1. 8
1. 6
1. 4
4. 5
4. 1
3. 8
2. 4
1. 7

$ 3. 00 a n d o v e r __

.4
.2
1. 3
.7
.9
15. 4
3. 7
3. 4
3. 6
3. 3

_
-

9 .0
7. 3
4. 7
5. 0
3. 2
8. 3
9. 0
■ 6. 0
6. 6
7. 4

5. 5
5. 0
5 .9
4. 5
3. 5

Ju n e
1962

2. 2

1. 9
.6
.2
.4
.1
.3
1. 1
.4
.7
1. 3
8. 4
1. 3
3. 1
2 .9
2. 6

Ju n e
1961

R e ta il
tra d e

3. 7
1. 3
2. 2
1. 4
1. 3
6. 4
3. 1
8. 4
3. 8
3. 6

6. 2
5. 8
2. 9
2. 4
2. 7

Table 3. Durham, N.C.
( P e r c e n ta g e d istrib u tio n of n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u rly e a rn in g s , 1
s e le c te d in d u s try g r o u p s , 2 Ju n e 1961 and Ju n e 1962)

A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s

All
in d u s trie s
June
1961

U n d er $ 0 .5 0 ________________________________________
$ 0 .50 and u n d e r $ 0 .5 5 _____ ______________________
$0.55 and u n d e r $ 0 .6 0 ------------------------------------------$ 0 .60 and u n d e r $ 0 .6 5 ________________ _____________
$0.65 and u n d e r $ 0 .7 0 ------------------------------------------$ 0 .70 and u n d e r $ 0 .7 5 ------------------------------------------$0.75 and u n d e r $ 0 .8 0 ------------------------------------------$ 0 .80 and u n d e r $ 0 .8 5 ------------------------------------------$0.85 and u n d e r $ 0 .9 0 _____________________________
$0.90 an d u n d e r $ 0 .9 5 ------------------------------------------$0.95 and u n d e r $ 1 .0 0 ------------------------------------------$ 1 .00 and u n d e r $ 1 .0 5 ------------ ---------------------------$1.05 an d u n d e r $1.1 0------------------------------------------$ 1 .10 and u n d e r $ 1.15------------------------------------------$1.15 and u n d e r $ 1 .2 0 ------------------------------------------$ 1 .20 and u n d e r $ 1 .2 5 _____ ______________________

1.0
.2
.1
.2
.2
.4
3.2
1.5
1.1
1.0
.8
8.0
1.8
2.8
2.3
2.6

$ 1 .3 0 ___ ______________________
$ 1 .3 5 _____________________ _____
$ 1 .4 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .4 5 ------------------------------------------$ 1 .5 0 — _________________________

5.0
3.2
3.4
2.8
1.9
5.8
4.5
5.5
6.2
5.0

$1.25
$ 1 .30
$1.35
$ 1 .40
$1.45

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 1 .50
$ 1 .60
$ 1 .70
$ 1 .80
$1 .9 0
$2.00
$2. 10
$2 .2 0
$2 .3 0
$2 .4 0
$2 .5 0
$2 .6 0
$2 .7 0
$2.80
$2.90
$ 3 .00

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

u n d e r $ 1 .6 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 1 .7 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 1 .8 0 ------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 1 .9 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 2 .0 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 2 .1 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 2 .2 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 2 .3 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 2 .4 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 2 .5 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 2 .6 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 2 .7 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 2 .8 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 2 .9 0 _____________________________
u n d e r $ 3 .0 0 _______________ ___________
o v e r ____________________

8.9
6.3
2.3
3.0
1.0
1.1
1.4
1.2
1.5
.3
2.4

T o ta l------------------------------------------------------------N u m b e r of w o r k e r s (in h u n d r e d s ) ___________ _
A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s _____ ___________________
1
2
3
4

225
$1.65

M a n u fac tu rin g
in d u s tr i e s

June
1962
0.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
2.4
1.2
1.0
.7
.4
5.9
1.3
2.0
9.0
2.4
4.2
3.2
3.7
3.1
1.5
5.0
4.1
5.3
3.3
4.9
4.3
7.4
4.0
5.4
2.9
2.1
1.2
1.6
.8
1.0
4.2

Ju n e
1961

June
1962

_

(4)

(4 )n
(4)

(4)
0.1
(4)
(4)

(4 )
0.5
.1
.1
.2
.1
4.0
2.1
1.3
2.0
1.9
2.0
3.3
3.6
3.2
2.2
5.0
4.6
4.0
9.6
8.3
14.2
11.2
2.1
5.0
1.1

.5
.1
.2
.1
(4 )
.9
.2
.5
8.7
1.7
2.3
3.0
4.0
3.1
1.7
4.3
3.9
4.7
3.4
7.5

1.9
.4
.2
.4
.5
.8
5.6
2.6
2.2
1.7
1.6
11.6
1.5
4.1
2.6
3.1
7.6
3.1
3.2
2.5
1.6
6.6
4.5
6.7
3.2
2.1
4.2
2.0
2.5
1. 1
.8
1.2
1.3
1.2
.6
.3

0.3

.

_
_
_
(4 )

.1
(4)
.1
.2
.2
4.0
2.2
1.7
1.2
.8
10.4
2.3
3.4
9.4
3.0

22.1
.4
5.1
1.4
1.2

5.8
3.4
3.4
3.0
1.4

11.6
.6
1.5
1.5
.7

5.7
4.3
5.9
3.1
2.6
4.6
2.2
1.8
1.7
.7

7.9
2.5
9.8
4.0
2.9
7.0
1.6
3.8
1.1
.1

2.7
1.1
2.0
.8
.4

2.4
.6
2.9
.2
.2

4.0

_
_

.

_
.
_
-

.1

_

1.2
5.4
.3
2.8
15.0
2.0
10.2
1.1
3.0
2.2
1.0

100.0

1.8
100.0

100.0

3.0
100.0

100.0

6.6
100.0

238
$1.74

106
$1.85

113
$1.93

119
$1.47

125
$1.57

25
$1.65

25
$1.71

3.9
13.3
6.4
9.6
5.3

1.0
1.6
1.1
2.6
.2

1.4
1.3
1.1
.7
1.6
4.3

N O T E : B e c a u s e of ro u n din g, s u m s of individual ite m s m a y not e q u al 100.

N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g , in d u s tr i e s
T ra n s p o rta ti o n ,
c o m m u n ic a tio n ,
R e ta il t r a d e
and public u tilitie s
Ju n e
June
Ju n e
Ju n e
1962
1961
1961
1962

0.1

5.8
5.3
6.7
4.2
2.7
8.4
1.8
3.8
.7
.6
6.8
1.6
2.6
.3
.2
4.0
100.0

See footnote 1, ta b le 1.
See footnote 2, ta b le 1.
In c lu d e s n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g in d u s tr i e s in a ddition to th o se shown s e p a ra te ly .
L e s s th a n 0.05 p e r c e n t .




T o tal3
Ju n e
Ju n e
1961
1962

C o n tr a c t
c o n s tru c tio n
Ju n e
June
1961
1962

0.1

_

.2
.4
.9
1.2
.9
1.6
.5

2.9
.8
4.7
4.3
6.4
7.3
1.6
2.6
.7
1.7
6.0
3.1
15.1
2.9
1. 1
2.8
2.2
2.6
1.2
1.4
3.7
9.8
3.5
.7
.2

_
_
_
-

_

_

0.3
.3
.7
.6
1.1
14.5
2.8
4.4
4.8
2.5
3.1
.9
4.1
4.9
14.7
2.1
2.4
4.4
4.2
2.2
3.3
2.4
.5
1.6
7.8
4.1
.7
4.5

3.9
.7
.1
.7
.2
.9
8.5
3.9
4.8
1.9
2.1
8.7
2.3
3.5
2.3
2.4
6.9
5.5
3.5
2.4
.9
5.7
5.9
3.7
2.0
1.6
4.4
2.8
1.4
.9
.9
.8
.6
.1
.1
.2

(4)
0.2
.1
.1
(4)
.2
1.6
2.5
3.4
1.3
1.0
23.3
6.3
3.6
4.7
3.9
5.5
4.0
4.2
3.5
1.6
4.6
3.2
3.1
2.2
3.6
2.4
1.9
.8
.3
1.6
1.0
.6
.3
.3

F inance,
in su ra n c e ,
and r e a l e sta te
June
June
1962
1961

0.6
.1
.6
.7
1.8
4.7
1.3
5.2
7.0
6.0
7.9
6.4
2.4
4.9
2.6
8.4
6.2
5.7
7.0
2.4
5.2
2.0
.9
3.5
3.4
.2
.2
.2
.9

_

0.3
.1
.1
.1
5.9
.5
3.1
8.2
2.9
7.1
5.0
6.1
5.5
2.5
8.7
5.5
6.7
4.2
3.0
4.4
2.7
3.1
2.3
1.1
2.7
.7
1.2
1.4
.3

4.5
100.0

100.0

2.8
100.0

2.6
100.0

100.0

4.0
100.0

12
$1.79

14
$1.86

40
$1.37

38
$1.43

12
$1.57

15
$1.69

1.7

toCn

toOn

Table 4. Huntsville, Ala.
( P e r c e n ta g e d istrib u tio n of n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , 1
se le c te d in d u s try g r o u p s , 2 Ju n e 1961 and Ju n e 1962)
N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr i e s

All
in d u strie s

A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s

T o ta l 321

C o n tr a c t
c o n s tru c tio n
June
June
1962
1961

June
1961

June
1962

Ju n e
1961

Ju n e
1962

2. 4

0. 7

3. 0

0. 7

_

_

7 .0

.7
.5
2. 7
.8
1. 0
2. 0
1. 7
1. 6
1. 7
1. 3

.6
.2
.4
.7
.i
1. 4
.6
1. 2
.5
.4

.7
.3
.5
.8
.1

.1
5. 8
1. 5
8. 7
.8

2. 2
.6
7. 7
1. 5
2. 6
5. 6
4. 6
4. 5
6. 0
3. 9

6. 9
1. 3
1. 5
8. 4
2. 4

_
_
_
0. 3
7. 8
.1
.1
3. 5
.2

1. 3
.1
_
-

5. 9
1. 3
3. 0
3. 0
1 .4

.9
.6
3. 4
1. 0
1. 2
2. 5
2. 1
1. 8
2. 1
1. 7
7. 2
1. 5
3. 1
2. 4
1. 3

4. 5
2. 6
2. 8
2 .9
1. 8
5. 5
5. 0
6. 2
3. 4
2. 7

4. 9
3. 2
3. 4
3. 3
2. 2
6. 0
4. 7
6. 2
3. 4
2. 7

8. J
1. 2
.8
.6
10. 2
5. 6
12. 8
3. 0
1. 3

11. 3
5. 5
2. 9
1. 5
.2
8. 0
3. 3
11. 6
3. 5
.8

3. 6
1. 8
2. 5
2. 3
.9
2. 1
1. 7
1. 5
2. 0
1. 8
12. 4

9. 8
.7
3 .4
.9
2. 5

$ 3. 00 an d o v e r ____________________________ ____

4. 0
2. 2
2. 8
1. 3
1. 9
2. 8
1. 1
1. 9
2. 0
1. 5
10. 1

T o t a l _______________________________________

100. 0

N u m b e r of w o r k e r s (in h u n d r e d s ) _____________
A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s ________________________

142
$1. 73

U n d e r $ 0 . SC

.....................

$ 0 . 50 an d
$ 0 . 5 5 an d
$ 0. 60 and
$ 0 . 6 5 an d
$ 0 . 7 0 and
$ 0 . 7 5 an d
$ 0. 80 and
$ 0. 85 an d
$ 0. 90 and
$ 0 . 9 5 and
$ 1. 00 an d
$ 1. 0 5 and
$ 1 . 1 0 and
$ 1 . 1 5 and
$ 1. 20 and

under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under

$ 0 . 55__ _
$ 0 .6 0
$ 0 .6 5
$ 0 .7 0
$ 0 .7 5 _
$ 0. 80
$ 0. 85
$ 0 .9 0
$0 .9 5
$1 .0 0
$ 1. 05
$ 1 .1 0
$ 1. 15__________________________
$ 1. 20__________________________
$ 1. 25________________ _______

$ 1. 25
$ 1. 30
$ 1. 35
$ 1. 40
$ 1. 45

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 1. 30__________________________
$ 1. 35__________________________
$ 1. 40 _
$ 1. 45
$ 1. 50__________________________

$ 1. 50
$ 1. 60
$ 1. 70
$ 1. 80
$ 1. 9 0

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 1. 60__________________________
$ 1. 70__________________________
$ 1. 80__________________________
$ 1. 90__________________________
$ 2. 00__________________________

$ 2. 00
$ 2. 10
$ 2. 20
$ 2. 30
$ 2. 40

and
and
and
and
an d

under
under
under
under
under

$ 2. 10__________________________
$ 2. 20__________________________
$ 2. 30__________________________
$ 2. 40__________________________
$ 2. 50__________________________

$ 2. 50
$ 2. 60
$ 2. 70
$ 2. 80
$ 2. 90

an d
and
an d
and
an d

under
under
under
under
under

$ 2. 60__________________________
$ 2. 70__________________________
$ 2. 80__________________________
$ 2. 9 0 __________________________
$ 3. 00__________________________

3. 6
1. 5
2. 2
2. 6
.5
4. 3
2. 8
5. 2
3. 7
2. 1
4. 4
2. 6
3. 0
1. 4
2. 0

3. 7
1.9
2. 6
2. 6
.9
1.9
2. 0
1. 5
2. 1
2. 1

100. 0

3. 1
1. 0
1. 7
2. 6
1. 7
12. 3
100. 0

13. 7
100. 0

3. 6
.2
1. 8
.8
.6
20. 1
100. 0

176
$1. 87

112
$1. 76

139
$1. 89

17
$2. 07

1 See footnote 1, ta b le 1.
2 See footnote 2, ta b le 1.
3 In c lu d e s n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g i n d u s tr i e s in a d d itio n to th o se shown s e p a ra te ly .
N O T E : B e c a u s e of ro u n d in g , s u m s of in d iv id u a l ite m s m a y not e qual 100.



1. 7
.8
1. 5
.6
.5
8. 5
1. 7
1. 8
7. 2
1. 7
4. 8
2 .9
2. 7
3. 0
1. 8
4. 8
3 .9
6. 0
3. 3
2. 4

Ju n e
1961

R e ta il
tr a d e

S e rv ic e s
Ju n e
1962

June
1961

Ju n e
1962

1. 5
.6
1. 2
2. 0
1. 2
.9
1. 6
1. 3
.7
.2
.7
3. 8
.4
1. 3
I. 2
.1

1. 7
.6
.3
.6
1. 1
.3
3. 2
.3
2. 2
.2
.3
3. 5
.5
.1
4. 6
.8

.8
.5
1. 1
.4
.2

9. 9
3. 6
6. 2
1. 9
1. 4
3. 2
1. 3
2. 8
4. 4
.4

1. 0
.5
1. 0
1. 5
.1
1. 3
2. 8
2. 4
1. 6
1. 5
23. 2
5. 3
5.9
4. 6
1. 9
5. 2
2. 1
4. 6
2. 3
4. 6

3. 2
1. 5
2. 2
2. 3
.8

5. 2
3. 3
3. 8
2. 0
1. 2

2. 0
1. 8
6. 0
4. 2
2. 8

3.9
.2
4. 7
1. 0
.2

1. 7
.9
1. 6
.3
.3

3. 7
5. 3
4. 6
3. 0
4. 0

1.9
.4
.8
.5
.3

.9
.1
1. 0
.2
.3

1. 3
1. 2
1. 3
1. 0
.3
1 .4
.5
.3
.4
.3

.7
2. 3
.7
1. 2
.9
1. 2
3. 8
3. 7
3. 4
4. 0
4. 0
2. 9
2. 1
4. 8
1. 6

5. 6
1. 6
2. 7
4. 3
4. 3

2. 3
3. 6
1. 7
3. 6
3. 7

19. 4
100. 0

1. 4
100. 0

3. 1
100. 0

22. 4
100. 0

27. 6
100. 0

25
$1. 92

38
$1. 13

34
$1. 38

41
$2. 23

59
$2. 41

_

Table 5. Lake Charles, La.
( P e r c e n t d istrib u tio n of n o n s u p e rv is o ry w o r k e r s by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u rly e a rn in g s,
s e le c te d in d u s try g r o u p s , 2 Ju n e 1961 and Ju n e 1962)

A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s

U n d e r $ 0 .5 0 ____
$ 0 .50 and u n d e r
$0.55 and u n de r
$ 0 .60 and u n d e r
$0.65 and u n d e r
$ 0 .70 and u n d e r
$0. 75 and u n d e r
$ 0 .80 and u n de r
$0.85 and u n d e r
$ 0 .90 and u n de r
$0.95 and u n d e r
$ 1 .00 and u n d e r
$1.05 and u n d e r
$ 1 .10 and u n d e r
$1.15 and u n de r
$ 1 .20 and u n d e r

$ 0 .5 5 _____________________________
$ 0 .6 0 _____________________________
$ 0 .6 5 .. _________________________
$ 0 .7 0 _____________________________
$ 0 .7 5 _____________________________
$ 0 .8 0 _____________________________
$ 0 .8 5 _____________________________
$ 0 .9 0 _____________________________
$ 0 .9 5 ------------------------------------------$ 1 .0 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .0 5 _____________________________
$ 1 .1 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .1 5 _____________________________
$ 1 .2 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .2 5 _____________________________

$1.25
$ 1 .30
$1.35
$ 1 .40
$1.45
$1.50
$ 1.60
$1.70
$ 1 .80
$ 1.90
$2.00
$ 2 .10
$ 2 .20
$2.30
$ 2 .40

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

under
under
un der
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under

$ 1 .3 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .3 5 _____________________________
$ 1 .4 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .4 5 _____________________________
$ 1 .5 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .6 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .7 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .8 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .9 0 ------------------------------------------$ 2 .0 0 _____________________________
$ 2 .1 0 _____________________________
$ 2 .2 0 _____________________________
$ 2 .3 0 _____________________________
$ 2 .4 0 _____________________________
$ 2 .5 0 _____________________________

$ 2 .50
$2.60
$2. 70
$2.80
$ 2 .90

and
and
and
and
and

under
u n de r
under
under
under

$ 2 .6 0 _____________________________
$ 2 .7 0 _____________________________
$ 2 .8 0 _____________________________
$ 2 .9 0 _____________________________
$ 3 .0 0 _____________________________

M a n u fac tu rin g
in d u s tr i e s

All
in d u s trie s

Ju n e
1961

Ju n e
1962

0.3

_

.5
.1
.3
.2
1.1
1.1
.5
1.0
.6
.4

_
0.1
.1
.2
2.1
.2
2.8
1.1
.7
3.1
.7
.4
1.0
.3

0.4
_
-

June
1961

June
1962

1.0
1.2
1.0
.9
1.1
.7
2.1
1.2
.7
1.4
.8
5.8
2.1
2.8
2.0
1.9
3.5
1.6
2.2
2.4
1.0
4.4
2.5
2.8
2.2
1.9
4.6
2.2
1.8
2.4
1.9
2.3
1.9
3.2
1.5
3.7

3.5
2.6
3.4
1.8
1.6
3.2
3.8
2.2
3.5
1.8
2.3
1.8
3.1
1.6
7.1

4.0
1.3
2.2
5.6
1.6
4.4
1.8
2.2
1.9
1.3

_

'
.3
3.0
3.3
.9

T o ta l 3
June
June
1962
1961
1.5
1.8
1.6
1.2
1.6
1.0
3.0
1.6
1.0
2.0
1.2
7.4
3.0
2.7
2.5
2.5

0.2
.7
.2
.5
.4
1.6
1.6
.8
1.5
.9
.6
6.1
2.1
1.8
6.9
2.0

C o n tr a c t
c o n s tru c tio n
June
June
1961
1962
_

_

_

_

_

.

_
-

_
-

1.7
.2
4.7
1.5

_
0.5
1.6
.1
.5
8.8
.3
2.4
2.3
1.7

_
0.7
3.4
18.7
11.5
8.7
3.3
3.3
3.1
4.7

4.2
3.2
2.1
2.7
2.0
5.8
3.3
1.8
3.7
2.6
12.8
4.2
4.1
2.1
3.1

3.0
.9
4.2
.4
2.2

2.1
2.7
4.8
5.0
3.6
4.6
2.6
2.2
2.5
3.2

_
0.9
9.7
10.0
8.3
2.8
3.8
6.5
3.1
5.0
9.3
2.6
6.7
2.7
7.7
4.2
2.2
4.0
3.1
.9
.4
1.5

4.9
2.5
1.5
2.0
2.2

4.5
1.6
1.5
3.0
18.0
8.7

1.1
.1
.2
.1
3.1

4.0
5.8
5.6
4.1
1.6
6.4
4.2
2.4
1.7
2.2
.8
.8
.7
2.3

2.2

_

3.6
2.0
3.0
3.0
1.3

5.8
2.6
3.1
2.5
1.8

1.9
1.7
.9
.6
1.2
2.1
2.3
2.0
5.2
2.5

1.9
.4
.4
.8
.4
1.0
1.2
.9
.6
.6

5.5
2.8
3.7
2.9
2.2

1.9
2.9
2.1
5.3
3.0

5.8
2.0
1.7
1.0
1.6

4.9
3.5
4.8
2.5
2.2
4.0
4.2
2.2
2.5
1.2

6.1
3.0
3.1
2.1
2.1
14.3
1.9
1.9
.6
1.7

1.3
3.1
7.3
2.1
11.7
43.0

2.7
1.0
1.3
.9
3.8
12.4

2.8
1.1
.8
1.3
4.6
13.6

_

4.8
1.3
1.2
1.5
.2

6.0
1.3
1.1
1.7
1.2
4.2
2.7
4.9
5.1
1.8
3.3
4.1
1.9
2.3
4.6

_

0.1
1.0
1.5
.9
.3
7.4
1.1
5.3
3.5
4.4
2.6
1.4

2.4

2.2
2.2
3.6
3.2
1.8

F in a n ce ,
in s u ra n c e ,
and r e a l e sta te
June
June
1962
1961

0.4

_

_

.4
.4
1.3
1.0
1.9
2.0
1.2
1.5
2.7
.5

_
0.1
.2
.1
.8
1.8
1.1
3.3
4.4
2.2
5.2
1.1

_
0.1
6.6
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2

11.2
4.5
4.7
4.0
1.1
6.5
3.8
4.1
1.4
3.0
6.5
4.6
4.6
2.1
2.7
2.0
2.0
1.6
3.1
.8

3.3
3.8
.6
4.6
1.0

6.0
6.8
7.6
4.2
1.9
14.1
7.9
4.8
3.3
1.7

4.5
1.6
6.8
7.2
2.2
10.3
10.6
10.8
2.7
1.7

8.7
1.5
1.4
1.0
.7

5.9
1.7
1.0
5.7
.4

3.1
.6
.1
.2
.3

3.0
.6
.6
2.0
1.8

5.6
10.5
3.0
1.7
.9
4.0
.5
.4
.6
3.6

3.5
1.7
6.1
.5
17.0

41.6
100.0

6.6
100.0

6.8

3.7

2.1
.5
.5
.5
.6
2.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

26
$2.64

19
$2.05

21
$2.11

9
$1.50

10
$1.60

50
$1.28

37
$1.62

9
$1.62

8
$1.62

$ 3. 00 and o v e r T o ta l_________________________________________

23.5

24.1

1.2
3.9
7.7
2.8
3.7
47.4

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

45.5
100.0

N u m b e r of w o r k e r s (in h u n d r e d s ) _______________
A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s --------------------------------------

184
$2.05

182
$2.18

58
$2.67

65
$2.69

126
$1.77

117
$1.90

27
$2.69




R e ta il
tr a d e
June
Ju n e
1962
1961

_
0.4
-

.2
.1
1.8
1.6
2.3
.7
1.5
1.1
.1

See footnote 1, ta b le 1.
2 See footnote 2, ta b le 1.
3 In c lu d e s n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g in d u s tr i e s in a ddition to those shown se p a ra te ly .
N O T E : B e c a u s e of ro u n d in g , s u m s of individual ite m s m a y not e q u al 100.

N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr i e s
T r a n s p o r ta ti o n ,
W h olesale
c o m m u n ic a tio n ,
tra d e
and p u blic u tilitie s
Ju n e
June
Ju n e
June
1962
1961
1961
1962

2.9
1.5
1.3
.5
.8
1.7
1.0
.2
.6
1.3

1.9
.8
.6
1.3
1.0

ro

Table 6. Lexington, Ky.
(P e r c e n ta g e d istrib u tio n of n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u rly e a r n in g s ,
se le c te d in d u s try g r o u p s , 2 Ju n e 1961 and Ju n e 1962)

A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s

All
in d u s tri e s
June
1961

U n d e r $ 0. 50_

M a n ufac tur ing
in d u s tri e s

June
1962

June
1961

June
1962

0. 4

(4)

_

$ 0. 50
$ 0. 55
$ 0. 60
$ 0. 65
$ 0 .7 0
$ 0 .7 5
$ 0 . 80
$ 0. 85
$ 0. 90
$ 0. 9 5

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under

$ 0. 55
$ 0. 60
.... __
$ 0 .6 5
$ 0 .7 0
$ 0 .7 5
$ 0. 80
$ 0 . 85
. _
$ 0. 00
$ 0. 95 __________________________
$ 1. 00

$ 1. 00
$ 1 .0 5
$ 1. 10
$ 1 .1 5
$ 1. 20

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 1 .0 5
$ 1 .1 0
$ 1. 15__________________________
$ 1. 20
$ 1. 25

0 .9
.7
.4
1. 3
.8
.8
2. 2
.8
1. 8
1. 3
.8
7. 0
1. 4
2. 8
3. 4
2. 2

$
$
$
$
$

1. 25
1. 30
1. 35
1. 40
1. 45

and
an d
an d
an d
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 1. 30
$ 1. 35
$ 1. 40__________________________
$ 1. 45 __________________________
$ 1. 50________ __

6. 4
1. 6
2. 2
2. 1
2. 1

5. 7
2. 4
2 .9
2. 5
1. 1

$ 1. 50
$ 1. 60
$ 1 .7 0
$ 1. 80
$ 1. 90

an d
an d
and
an d
an d

under
under
under
under
under

$ 1. 60__________________________
$ 1. 70__________________________
$ 1. 80__________________________
$ 1. 9 0 __________________________
$ 2. 00_______________
______

6. 1
3. 4
6. 1
4. 1
3. 1

$ 2. 00
$ 2. 10
$ 2. 20
$ 2. 30
$ 2. 40

an d
and
and
an d
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 2. 10_ _______
__
$ 2. 20__________________________
$ 2. 30__________________________
$ 2. 40____________________ ____
$ 2. 50

5. 6
4. 3
6. 8
3. 8
3. 3
4. 6
2. 6
2 .9
2. 6
2. 2

$ 2. 50
$ 2. 60
$ 2. 70
$ 2. 80
$ 2. 90
$ 3. 00

and
an d
and
an d
an d
and

u n d e r $ 2. 60____________ ____________
u n d e r $ 2. 70__________________________
u n d e r $ 2. 80__________________________
u n d e r $ 2. 90__
u n d e r $ 3. 00__________________________
o v e r __________________________________

T o t a l _____ _______________________ _______

3. 9
2. 3
1. 8
2. 3
1. 6
6. 4
100. 0

2. 8
2. 5
2. 8
2. 6
1. 5
8. 5
100. 0

N u m b e r of w o r k e r s (in h u n d r e d s ) _____________
A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s ________________________

249
$1. 77

248
$1. 84

1
2
3
4

.6
(4)
1. 0
.3
.2
2. 2
.8
.7
■ .7
.7
7. 2
1. 1
2. 1
5. 1
2. 6

5. 0
3. 5
3. 5
1. 8
2. 2

Ju n e
1961
1. 2
1.0
.5
1. 8
1. 2
1. 2

June
1962
0. 6

6. 9
2. 2
3. 4
2. 4
1. 3
7. 1
3. 5
5. 9
3. 0
2. 3

1 1. 5
1. 2
2. 9
2. 4
.7
10. 0
3. 2
8 .9
3. 6
1. 1

4. 5
2. 6
3. 7
1. 4
1. 6
2. 4
1. 4
1. 7
1. 4
1.1

5. 7
3. 2
7. 0
1. 5
.6
6. 3
1. 9
1. 6
.3
5. 8
10. 2

8. 9
1. 7
3. 0
4. 1
2. 2

3. 0
1. 4
1. 5
.9
2. 6
3. 6
4. 1
10. 1
5.4
4. 3

3. 1
2. 9
1. 7
2. 6
.6
4. 0
3. 3
6. 3
6. 7
4. 9
6. 2
5. 5
3. 0
2. 6
3. 7

7. 6
1. 7
2. 6
2. 6
1. 8
6. 4
4. 3
5. 4
3. 3
3. 0
4. 7
2. 2
3. 0
2. 0
1. 0

11. 2
100. 0

3. 7
5. 0
5. 4
5. 1
2. 3
13. 3

3. 0
1. 0
1. 1
1. 6
1. 2
4. 6

100. 0

100. 0

6. 3
100. 0

70
$2. 15

77
$2. 17

181
$1. 63

171
$1. 69

4. 6
3.9
2. 8
4. 4
5. 2
6. 2
5. 7
3. 7
4. 1
2. 5

NO TE: B e c a u s e of ro u n d in g , s u m s of in d iv id u a l ite m s m a y not e qual 100.

.

0. 1
_
_
_
8. 6
(4 )
1. 0
.5
.4

_
_
.
0. 2
(4)
.1
*
.4
.i
.6
4. 6
2. 2

2 .9
1. 2
2. 5
1. 7
1. 1

N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tri e s
T ransportation,
c o m m u n ic a tio n ,
and public u tilitie s
June
Ju n e
1961
1962

C o n tr a c t
c o n s tru c tio n
Ju n e
Ju n e
1961
1962

.8
.1
1.4
.4
.3
3. 1
1. 1
1. 1
1. 0
1. 1
10. 2
1. 6
2. 8 .
5. 3
2. 8

_
.
_
0. 2
_
2. 1
.6
2. 1
1. 6
2. 0

See footnote 1, ta b le 1.
See footnote 2, ta b le 1.
In clu d es n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g i n d u s t r i e s in ad d ition to th o se shown s e p a ra te ly .
L e s s th a n 0. 05 p e r c e n t .




T o t a l 321

_
(4 )

.

_
0. 1
_
-

_
_

_

June
1961

R e ta il
trade

June
1962

2. 1

0. 2

1. 5
.3
2. 2
2. 1
1. 1
4. 6
1. 6
4. 3
3. 3
2. 2

.2
.1
_
.1

0. 1
.1
.1
.2
.3
.5
.5

0. 1
.1

9. 9
.4
2. 5
2. 8
1. 1
6. 4
1. 8
1. 6
2. 5
1. 8
4. 1
7. 5
7. 5
5. 8
7. 1

.7
.4
.6
11. 0
3. 7
3. 1
1. 5
2. 3
.8
1. 3
5. 0
2. 5
10. 2
3. 4
7. 1

10. 3
2. 8
4. 5
4. 1
3. 4
6. 8
2. 2
3. 0
3. 0
1. 7
4. 1
3. 0
3. 4
3. 0
2. 5

4. 3
2. 2
2. 8
5. 6
2. 4

7. 2
4. 4
2. 8
2. 1
6. 8

5. 1
1. 1
1. 5
1. 4
.5

1. 7
2. 4
1. 2
11. 3
1. 7
100. 0

3. 0
4. 6
1. 3
5. 2
5. 3
2. 2
100. 0

1. 8
.2
1. 1
.1
.2

100. 0

5. 0
2. 4
5. 3
1. 0
1. 5
18. 9
100. 0

7. 3
3. 8
4. 3
3. 1
1. 3
5. 8
2. 5
3. 2
2. 4
1. 9
3. 9
1. 1
3. 2
1. 0
1. 1
1. 5
.6
1. 0
.9
.5

3. 8
100. 0

3. 9
100. 0

30
$2. 02

31
$2. 13

21
$1. 85

19
$ 1 .9 6

67
$ 1 .4 6

60
$1.51

_
_
.4
4. 3
_
1. 8
2. 1
.1
6. 7
1. 0
3. 0
3. 4
.8
11.5
2. 9
9. 5
1. 6
1. 9
6. 6
2. 7
4. 2
.9
.4

_
.2
.4
.7

.6
1. 4
1. 2
2. 4
21. 6
3. 8
4. 9
4. 3
4. 3

Table 7. Monroe, La.
(P e r c e n ta g e d is trib u tio n of n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o urly e a rn in g s ,
s e le c te d in d u s try g ro u p s , 2 Ju n e 1961 and Ju n e 1962)
A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s

All
in d u s trie s
June
1961

M a n u fac tu rin g
in d u s tr i e s

June
1962

Under
$ 0. 50
$ 0 .5 5
$ 0. 60
$ 0 .6 5
$ 0 .7 0
$ 0 .7 5
$ 0. 80
$ 0 .8 5
$ 0 .9 0
$ 0. 95

$ 0.
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

50______________________________________
u n d e r $ 0 . 5 5 --------------------------------------u n d e r $ 0. 60__________________________
u n d e r $ 0 . 6 5 __________________________
u n d e r $ 0 . 7 0 __________________________
u n d e r $ 0 . 7 5 __________________________
u n d e r $ 0. 80--------------------------------------u n d e r $ 0 . 8 5 __________________________
u n d e r $ 0. 90--------------------------------------u n d e r $ 0. 95--------------------------------------u n d e r $ 1 .0 0 ---------------------------------------

4. 3
1.7
1. 0
1.1
1. 3
1.4

2. 0

1 .4
2. 1
1. 1
1. 7
.6

$ 1. 00
$ 1 .0 5
$ 1 .1 0
$ 1 .1 5
$ 1. 20
$ 1 .2 5
$ 1. 30
$ 1. 35
$ 1. 40
$ 1. 45
$ 1. 50
$ 1 .60
$ 1. 70
$ 1. 80
$ 1 .9 0

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

under
und e r
under
under
under
und e r
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under

$ 1. 0 5 --------------------------------------$ 1. 10--------------------------------------$ 1. 15__________________________
$ 1 .2 0 --------------------------------------$ 1 .2 5 __________________________
$ 1 . 3 0 --------------------------------------$ 1. 35--------------------------------------$ 1 .4 0 __________________________
$ 1. 4 5 --------------------------------------$ 1 .5 0 --------------------------------------$ 1 . 6 0 __________________________
$ 1 .7 0 __________________________
$ 1. 80 __________________________
$ 1 .9 0 --------------------------------------$ 2. 0 0 __________________________

9. 0
2. 3
3. 0
2. 5
1.6
4 .6
1. 5
2. 2
2. 8
1.6
4. 3
3. 2
4. 7
4. 9
4. 3

$ 2. 00
$ 2 . 10
$ 2. 20
$ 2. 30
$ 2. 40
$ 2. 50
$ 2 .6 0
$ 2. 70
$ 2. 80
$ 2. 90

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under
under
und e r
under
under
under

$ 2. 10__________________________
$ 2 . 2 0 __________________________
$ 2. 30__________________________
$ 2 . 4 0 __________________________
$ 2 . 5 0 __________________________
$ 2. 6 0 --------------------------------------$ 2 . 7 0 --------------------------------------$ 2 . 8 0 __________________________
$ 2. 9 0 __________________________
$ 3. 00 __________________________

3. 9
3. 7
2. 4
1.9
1.9
2. 7
1.9
1. 8
2. 2
.8

1.9
.9
1.0
.5
.8
5. 0
2. 0
1.7
11.0
1.8
4. 9
2. 1
2. 1
2. 2
1.7
5. 5
3. 8
4. 8
3. 6
5. 9
4. 3
3. 1
3. 0
2. 0
2. 3
2. 8
1.9
1. 9
1. 3
1 .4

$ 3 . 0 0 and o v e r ___________________________________

6. 7

7. 4

T o t a l------------------------------------------------------------

100. 0
150
$1 .6 3

N u m b e r of w o r k e r s (in h u n d r e d s ) ______________
A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s _________________________

.7
.5
.8
.7
.8

Ju n e
1961
1. 5
.
.

.1
.9
.4
6. 5
2. 5
1. 3
2. 0
1. 6
1. 2
.7
1. 4
1.6
.6
2. 9
4. 2
6. 3
9. 8
11. 0
5. 3
8. 4
4. 1
3. 6
2. 9
5. 3
1 .4
2. 4
4. 1
.1

Ju n e
1962
_
.
_
_
0. 6
_
_
_
1. 0
1. 7
.5
.5
7. 7
1.9
2. 3
1. 3
1. 1
1. 7
1.6
3. 0
4. 0
5. 1
5. 8
13. 9

5. 6
2. 4
1. 4
1. 7
1. 8
2. 1
2. 1
3. 0
1. 2
2. 3
.9
10. 1
2. 2
3. 9
2. 7
1. 6
6. 1
1. 9
2. 6
3. 4
2. 0

5. 1

100. 0

5. 9
100. 0

4. 9
2. 8
3. 8
2. 7
1. 1
3. 4
1. 5
1. 7
1. 2
1 .4
1. 5
2. 1
1. 5
1. 4
1. 2
7. 1

100. 0

100. 0

158
$1. 74

47
$1. 94

55
$1. 99

103
$1. 49

6. 3
6. 9
5. 0
3. 7
5. 2
3. 3
3. 7
2. 5
1. 9
2. 6

1 See fo o tn o te 1, ta b le 1.
2 See footnote 2, ta b le 1.
3 In c lu d e s n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g in d u s tr i e s in a ddition to th o se show n s e p a ra te ly .
N O T E : B e c a u s e of ro u n din g, s u m s of in dividual ite m s m a y not equal 100.




T o tal 321
Ju n e
Ju n e
1961
1962
3. 1
1. 1
.7
1. 3
1. 0
1. 2
2. 6
1. 4
1. 5
.7
.7
6. 8
2. 9
2. 4
12. 8
1. 7
6. 2
2. 5
2. 7
2. 5
1. 7
6. 8
3. 7
4. 6
2. 4
1. 6
3. 2
1. 0
1. 9
1. 0
.8
2. 5
.8
1. 5
1. 0
.8
8. 6
100. 0
102
$ 1 .6 0

C o n tr a c t
c o n s tr u c tio n
Ju n e
Ju n e
1961
1962
_

_

_
0. 1
.1
.6
_
_
_
7. 7
.2
.4
3. 8
.7
8. 0
.3
3. 8
8. 7
2. 9
6. 8
1. 2
5. 9
1. 2
.9
5. 4
1. 5
4. 0
.7
.1
2. 6
1. 7
.5
.7
4. 4

9 .6
1. 7
2. 7
1. 7
.8
13. 6
4. 8
4. 5
1. 5
1. 1
4. 5
1.9
3. 2
1 .4
.1
5. 0
1. 3
.4
.8
.2

25. 3

22. 3

100. 0

100. 0

18
$2. 09

19
$2. 05

N o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr i e s
T r a n s p o r t a t io n ,
W holesale
c o m m u n ic a tio n ,
tr a d e
and public u tilitie s
Ju n e
Ju n e
June
J une
1962
1961
1961
1962
.

.

7. 5

1. 3

4. 3
2. 1
3. 3
3. 4
4. 0

1. 3
1. 6
1. 9
2. 3
1. 6
4. 4
1. 5
3. 2
.9
1. 7
16. 6
5. 3
6. 5
4. 7
1. 2
5. 5
4. 0
2. 8
1. 9
1. 7
7. 1
3. 2
3. 0
1. 1
.8
3. 3
.5
2. 0
1. 5
1. 1
.8
.3
.3
.5
.7
3. 3

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
0. 6

_
_
_
-

0. 6
_
_
-

_
0. 4
_
1. 5
_
.2
14. 7
.3

_
_
9 .6
5. 0
2. 9
1. 4
2. 5
2. 1
1. 1
1. 0
1. 1
1.6

_
_
_
-

.6
1. 3
.5
.6
26. 0
4. 5
8. 7
7. 9
3. 4
7. 6
3. 8
3. 2
2. 2
3. 4
4. 4
2. 2
4. 1
2. 4
4. 1

2. 7
2. 9
8. 7
3. 8
2. 5
3. 5
.8
2. 1
1. 8
5 .9
2. 4
8. 0
11. 6
6. 5
1. 4
6. 6
100. 0
12
$2. 04

R e ta il
tr a d e
Ju n e
Ju n e
1962
1961

_

8. 1
_
13. 9
1. 0
4. 1
.8
2. 1
1. 9
.6
2. 3
3. 0
9. 3
2. 9
6. 7
.7
.2
1. 0
.4
3. 3
7. 0
1. 3
11. 3
3. 6
5. 1
9. 1
100. 0
11
$2. 06

_
_
_
0. 4
.4
_
_
.7
.5
.4
45. 5
8. 0
6. 5
2. 0
3. 7
1. 3
2. 1

3. 6
6. 7
2. 4
3. 6
1. 6
9. 6
2. 4
4. 5
1. 6
1. 0
5. 5
2. 5
2. 1
1. 5
2. 4

.7

3. 7
3. 2
1. 7
1. 8
.6
3. 1
1. 5
1.0
1. 5
.3
.7
1 .4
.3
.3
.6
2. 6

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

11
$1. 33

13
$1. 39

39
$1. 20

2. 2
1. 3
1. 6
.9
1. 0
.8
_
_
_
.6

5. 9
5. 3
2. 7
3. 0
2. 0
2. 5
1. 0
2. 7
.4
.3
.6
.6
.1
.3
.1

100. 0
33
$1. 40

F in an ce,
in su ra n c e ,
and re a l e sta te
June
June
1961
1962

-

_
_
_

_

-

_
_

5. 5
1. 7
.4
3. 5
3. 6
6. 1
2. 2
3. 7
5. 5
.4

0. 5
_
.7
5. 8
.9
6. 4
3. 9
4. 6
13. 3
4. 7

10. 8
7. 8
6. 8
9. 6
.4

7. 2
5. 6
12. 9
7. 6
1. 1
5. 7
.3
1. 5
2. 3
.5
1. 5
2. 7
.1

3. 9
3. 7
1. 7
.4
1. 5
4. 4
4. 4
.1
3. 3
8. 3

10. 2

100. 0

100. 0

7
$1. 86

7
$1. 84

_

Table 8. Tuscaloosa, Ala.

o

co

(P e rc e n ta g e d istrib u tio n of n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a rn in g s , 1
se le c te d i n d u s tr y g r o u p s , 2 June 1961 and Ju n e 1962)

A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s

June
1961
U n d e r $0.50_________________________________________
$ 0 .50 and u n d e r $ 0 .5 5 _____________________________
$0.55 and u n d e r $ 0 .6 0 _____________________________
$ 0 .60 and u n d e r $ 0 .6 5 -------------------------------------------$0.65 and u n d e r $ 0 .7 0 _____________________________
$ 0 .7 0 and u n d e r $ 0 .7 5 _____________________________

M an ufacturin g
in d u strie s

All
in d u s tri e s

2.9
1.4
.8
1.5
1.1
.9
2.5
2.1
1.4
1.2
.8
11.0
1.4
2.6
3.2
1.6

$0.75
$ 0 .80
$0.85
$ 0 .90
$0.95
$ 1 .00
$1.05
$1.10
$1.15
$ 1 .2 0

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under

$ 0 .8 0 _____________________________
$ 0 .8 5 -------------------------------------------$ 0 .9 0 _____________________________
$ 0 .9 5 _____________________________
$ 1 .0 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .0 5 -------------------------------------------$ 1 .1 0 -------------------------------------------$ 1 .1 5 -------------------------------------------$ 1 .2 0 ------------------------------------------$ 1 .2 5 --------------------------------------------

$1.25
$ 1 .30
$1.35
$ 1 .40
$1.45

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 1 .3 0 -------------------------------------------$ 1 .3 5 -------------------------------------------$ 1 .4 0 ------------------------------------------$ 1 .4 5 -------------------------------------------$ 1 .5 0 --------------------------------------------

$ 1 .50
$ 1 .60
$ 1 .70
$ 1 .80
$ 1 .90

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 1 .6 0 -------------------------------------------$ 1 .7 0 -------------------------------------------$ 1 .8 0 -------------------------------------------$ 1 .9 0 -------------------------------------------$ 2 .0 0 --------------------------------------------

3.5
1.2
1.7
1.2
.6
4.5
2.6
4.1
4.6
3.4

$ 2 .00
$ 2 .10
$ 2 .20
$ 2 .30
$ 2 .40

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 2 .1 0 -------------------------------------------$ 2 .2 0 -------------------------------------------$ 2 .3 0 -------------------------------------------$ 2 .4 0 -------------------------------------------$ 2 .5 0 --------------------------------------------

5.6
2.4
2.7
2.7
1.4

$2 .5 0
$2 .6 0
$2 .7 0
$2 .8 0
$2 .9 0

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 2 .6 0 -------------------------------------------$ 2 .7 0 -------------------------------------------$ 2 .8 0 -------------------------------------------$ 2 .9 0 -------------------------------------------$ 3 .0 0 --------------------------------------------

2.6
3.9
3.3
3.6
2.6
5.4

June
1962
1.6
1.2
.8
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.2
1.2
1.4
.9
5.7
1.1
1.2
10.4
2.5
4.9
1.6
2.1
1.2
1.0
5.0
2.3
2.9
4.3
3.4
5.4
3.0
2.6
1.7
2.1

June
1961

June
1962

T otal3
June
June
1962
1961

C o n tr a c t
c o n s tru c tio n
Ju n e
Ju n e
1962
1961

N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g in d u s tr i e s
T r a n s p o r t a t io n ,
W holesale
c o m m u n ic a tio n ,
tr a d e
and public u tilitie s
June
June
June
Ju n e
1962
1961
1962
1961

0.2

0.4

5.4

2.6

_

.2
(4 )
.3
(4)
(4 >
(4 )
.4
.1
.4
.1

.3
.2
.1
-

2.6
1.5
2.7
2.0
1.9

2.0
1.5
2.1
2.0
2. 1

(4 )
.1
.1
.2

1.9
2.2
2.3
2.6
1.6

10. 1
.7
1.4
2.4
1.0

1.3
.1
.2
11.7
1.5

4.9
3.7
2.5
1.9
1.6
12.0
2.1
3.8
3.9
2.1

9.9
2.0
2.2
9.3
3.3

_
0.1
6.8
.5
2.3
3.9
.4

2.0
.8
.7
.5
.3

3.0
1.4
1.2
.6
.4

6.6
1.9
2.9
1.8
1.6

8.6
.1
1.5
1.6
.3

1.5
1.0
5.6
7.5
5.4

1.8
1.3
2.5
6.9
5.9
9.4
5.1
3.9
2.8
3.6

4.9
1.4
2.5
1.9
.8
7.2
4.3
2.6
2.0
1.5

0.6
_
1.1
_
.3
3.8
.2
.9
5.7
1.9
9.6
1.3
1.3
1.7
2.0

8.0
3.3
3.2
1.9
1.0

17.1
7.0
3.2
.6
.6

23.6
2.5
2.8
.9
.1

2.0
.5
1.8
1.3
.9
2.0
1.4
.7
1.4
.6
4.1

1.6
1.2
1.4
.7
.7

5.8
.6
4.9
1.5
1.7
5.3
3.4
2.1
1.3
2.0

3.8
.8
2.3
.4

1.7
2.2
4.4
2.8
3.1

9.5
4.5
3.8
4.2
1.8
3.3
6.5
6.1
5.9
4.7

_

$3. 00 and o v e r ------------------------------------------------------T o ta l--------------------------------------------------------------

8.7
100.0

17.0

100.0

10.6
100.0

7.1

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

2.1
2.2
2.4
i.i
.9
23.8
100.0

N u m b e r of w o r k e r s (in h u n d r e d s ) ----------------------A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s --------------------------------------

150
$1.72

148
$1.81

73
$2.10

73
$2.15

77
$1.36

75
$1.48

12
$2.03

13
$2.03

6.7

1.8
3.7
7.8
5.2
5.3

1 See footnote 1, ta b le 1.
2 See fo otnote 2, ta b le 1.
3 In c lu d e s n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g in d u s t r i e s in add ition to th o se shown se p a ra te ly .
4 L e s s th a n 0.05 p e r c e n t .
N O T E : B e c a u s e of ro u n din g, s u m s of in d iv id u a l ite m s m a y not e qual 100.



1.7
.9
1.2
.5
1.2

_
_
0.2
_
.2
.3
.2
.3

.
_
0.4
_
.1
.1
.3

11.1
.5
1.7
2.1
2.7
7.5
1.5
2.9
1.4
1.5

.3
.9
.9
18.8
6.1
10.5
1.5
2.8
2.3
1.9
5.5
9.2
3.3
4.0
.5

14.7
8.3
4.1
5.3
3.8
3.3
1.5
3.6
2.4
1.4

_

_

_
0.4
.4
.8
24.1
1.8
8.3
15.6
5.9

_
0.6
_
.4
.8
'
.4
2.5
38.3
7.5

6.9
3.6
1.2
4.7
1.6

7.0
3.9
5.4
3.1
1.7
7.2
4.3
4. 1
2.1
1.9

5.9
3.6
2.0
2.8
2.0
1.4
.6
1.2
1.2
.4
1.4
.4
.8
.6
.2

June
1961

R e ta il
tra d e

8.4
3.1
2.4
4.6
3.5
2.7
9.4
5.5
3.9
3.7
2.8
11.9
3.8
4.0
3.2
1.3
3.3
1.8
2.8
1.4
.8

Ju n e
1962
1.5
.9
3.0
3.5
2.9
2.6
3.0
3.0
3.2
6.1
2.7
20.9
3.6
3.2
5.5
2.8

.5
.4
.4
.8
.4

3.4
2.0
3.7
1.4
1.6
3.1
1.7
4.2
1.6
.9
1.2
.9
.9
.6
.3

1.2
.2
(4 )
.2
.4

.7
.6
.4
.i
.5

3.0
2.8
1.7
1.7
.6

2.0
4.2
.9
8.9
.6
1.4

.8
2.7
1.7
2.1
.9
4.8
.8
3.9
1.3
7.1
4.3

.4

1.1

2.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

7
$1.76

7
$2.03

5
$1.33

5
$1.39

31
$1.07

31
$1.21

1.9
2.1
.6
.6
1.7
.6
.8

Table 9. Wichita Falls, Tex.
(P e rc e n ta g e d istrib u tio n of n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a rn in g s , 1
s e le c te d i n d u s tr y g r o u p s , 2 Ju n e 1961 and Ju n e 1962)

A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s

All
in d u s tri e s
June
1961

U n d er $ 0 .5 0 -----------------------------------------------------------$0 .5 0 and u n d e r $ 0 .5 5 _____________________________
$0.55 and u n d e r $ 0 .6 0 _____________________________
$0 .6 0 and u n d e r $ 0 .6 5 . __________________________
$0.65 and u n d e r $ 0 .7 0 _____________________________
$ 0 .70 and u n d e r $ 0 .7 5 _______________ -____________
$0.75 and u n d e r $ 0 .8 0 _____________________________
$0.80 and u n d e r $ 0 .8 5 ------------------------------------------$0.85 and u n d e r $ 0 .9 0 _____________________________
$0.90 and u n d e r $ 0 .9 5 _____________________________
$0.95 a n d u n d e r $ 1 .0 0 _____________________________
$1.00
$1.05
$1.10
$1.15
$1 .2 0

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 1 .0 5 _____________________________
$ 1 .1 0 ------------------------------------------$ 1. 15------------------------------------------$ 1 .2 0 ------------------------------------------$ 1 .2 5 _____________________________

$1.25
$1 .3 0
$1.35
$1 .4 0
$1.45

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 1 .3 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .3 5 ------------------------------------------$ 1 .4 0 ------------------------------------------$ 1 .4 5 ------------------------------------------$ 1 .5 0 _____________________________

$1 .5 0
$1 .6 0
$1 .7 0
$1 .8 0
$1 .9 0
$2 .0 0
$2 .1 0
$2 .2 0
$2 .3 0
$2 .4 0

and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under

$ 1 .6 0 _____________________________
$ 1 .7 0 ------------------------------------------$ 1 .8 0 ------------------------------------------$ 1 .9 0 ------------------------------------------$ 2 .0 0 _______________ ___________
$ 2 .1 0 ------------------------------------------$ 2 .2 0 ------------------------------------------$ 2 .3 0 _____________________________
$ 2 .4 0 _____________________________
$ 2 .5 0 _____________________________

$2 .5 0
$2 .6 0
$2 .7 0
$2 .8 0
$2 .9 0

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

$ 2 .6 0 ------------------------------------------$ 2 .7 0 ------------------------------------------$ 2 .8 0 ------------------------------------------$ 2 .9 0 _____________________________
$ 3 .0 0 -------------------------------------------

0.5
1.8
.5
1.0
.5
.8
3.8
1.8
2.0
1.7
.6
9.4
1.7
3.1
3.7
2.5
8.4
2.5
3.0
3.8
1.0
6.0
4.7
4.0
3.3
2.5
3.4
2.5
3.4
2.1
1.9
2.1
.8
1.5
1.3
1.2

M a n u fac tu rin g
in d u s tr i e s

June
1962
' 0.6
.3
.4
.8
.4
.6
1.9
.9
.8
1.1
.8
4.5
2.0
2.5
6.8
2.1
10.0
2.8
3.7
3.7
2.1
7.5
4.0
5.0
4.2
2.4

2.3.52
4.2

2.0
2.1

2.1.12

June
1961

Ju n e
1962

Ju n e
1961

Ju n e
1962

(4 )
10.9
1.6
3.3
5.3
4.1

0.4
.1
_
.1

0.6
2.2
.6
1.2
.6
.9
4.6
2.2
2.4
2.0
.8

.6
.1
.i
12.2
2.0

9.1
1.6
3.0
3.3
2.2

0.7
.4
.5
.9
.4
.8
2.3
i.i
1.0
1.4
1.0
5.4
2.4
3.0
5.6
2.1

3.9
2.0
4.4
4.7
1.9
6.2
5.1
3.2
3.6
3.6
3.7
4.9
6.9
4.4
1.2

8.0
3.9
5.7
5.1
3.6
8.7
4.2
6.1
4.9
3.4
4.5
2.3
6.1
2.3
5.1

9.3
2.6
2.7
3.6
.9
6.0
4.7
4.1
3.3
2.2
3.3
2.0
2.7
1.6
2.0

10.5
2.6
3.3
3.4
1.7
7.2
4.0
4.8
4.1
2.2
4.1

2.6
1.5

1.5
1.0
1.1
1.3
1.8

_
_

_
_

_
-

n

2.2
2.1

$3 .0 0 and o v e r ------------------------------------------------------T o t a l-------------------------------------------------------------

5.2

1.6
1.1
1.5
6.4

100.0

100.0

100.0

3.8
100.0

N u m b e r of w o r k e r s (in h u n d r e d s ) _______________
A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s _________________________

153
$1.59

149
$1.70

27
$1.77

28
$1.76

1
2
3
4

2.9
3.8

See footnote 1, ta b le 1.
See footnote 2, ta b le 1.
In c lu d e s n o n m a n u fa c tu ri n g in d u s tr i e s in addition to th o se show n s e p a ra te ly .
L e s s th a n 0.05 p e r c e n t .

N O T E : B e c a u s e of ro u n d in g , s u m s of in dividual ite m s m a y not e qual 100.




T o t a l 321

C o n tr a c t
c o n s tr u c tio n
Ju n e
Ju n e
1961
1962

_
_

N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g in d u s tri e s
T r a n s p o r t a t io n ,
W h ole sale
c o m m u n ic a tio n ,
trade
and public u tilitie s
Ju n e
Ju n e
June
June
1961
1962
1961
1962

_

_

_

_

0.1

_

_

_

_

_

0.1
.3
1.7
.4
.6
.1

-

-

-

6.9
1.0
7.5
.1
1.2

1.0
.5
2.6
3.9
.7
6.2
.9
2.2
3.6
.9
8.6
5.9
5.8
9.9
3.6
3.7
5.1
1.6
3.3
2.4

0.7
1.6
.2

17.0
.7
5.2
3.7
.4

20.3
.3
4.7
3.6
.7

8.0
1.1
8.4
1.5
3.5

9.0
2.7
5.8
.9
.3

2.2.92

5.1
.8
7.3
.6
.3

2.0
.7
1.3
1.2
.9
5.4

2.4
1.1
1.7
1.1
1.4

8.4

4.6
1.0
1.5
.3
.7

3.0
2.9
4.7
5.6
5.3

4.7
1.1
6.1
4.3

7.0

22.8

24.6

6.2

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

126
$1.55

122
$1.68

18
$2.14

15
$2.14

1.9
1.4

.6
.-2

1.4

_

_

_
-

_
-

_
-

11.3
.9
2.5
11.7
3.5

.5
1.0
.5
2.6
17.9
3.3

9.0
4.3
5.9
3.1
1.3

10.4
5.2
2.8
8.0
1.2

9.7
7.5
4.0
3.2
2.8
5.0
1.6
1.8
2.0

6.4
5.8
8.0
4.8
1.9
5.3
1.7
3.3
1.6
.3
1.1
2.7
.1

4.1

_
.3
_
4.4
.7
3.3

100.0

100.0

15
$2.02

17
$1.97

_

_

_

0.1
.7
5.3
3.5
5.1
2.3
4.2
4.2
2.1
11.4
5.1
3.4
8.3
3.3
2.9
1.9
1.6
4.3
3.5

6.6

_

.2

R e ta il
trade
June
June
1961
1962

F in a n ce ,
in su ra n c e ,
and r e a l e sta te
June
June
1961
1962

0.8
4.0
1.1
2.2
.5
1.3
8.6
2.5
4.0
2.7
1.2

0.4

_

.1
.7
.5
.6
1.4
3.6
1.6
1.9
1.6
1.4

0.8
.8
.8
3.3
.4
.1
4.5
1.0

14.8
3.0
4.6
3.4
2.5

11.2
4.8
5.2
6.0
2.1

8.7
4.1
2.0
3.6
1.0
3.4
3.9
1.9
1.9
1.0
2.4
1.0
1.7
1.7
.9
.3
.6
1.0

7.9
2.7
4.0
3.0
1.6

4.6
.3
.6
1.8
2.8
13.1
1.2
3.1
4.7
2.1

4.9
4.4
4.4
2.6
2.7
3.4
2.5
1.3
1.6
.9
1.0
1.0
1.4
.4
.5

_
_

_
_
.
-

_

1.2
.2
_
.3
1.4
.4
3.9
1.5
2.1

6.3
10.8
10.2
8.7
3.2
2.1
1.9
2.5
2.8
3.8

15.9
5.2
2.4
3.3
7.1
14.5
3.0
8.0
6.8
2.4
1.4
5.0
3.1
3.8
1.5

.2
..1.42

1.3

4.6

.6

100.0

2.7
100.0

1.4
1.4
.3
.1
1.2
1.4

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

11
$1.59

13
$1.60

52
$1.28

44
$1.52

11
$1.56

11
$1.65

.6

.1

.2.2




A p p en d ix A . S co p e and M eth o d o f Survey
Scope o f Su rvey
Th e s u r v e y o f s e le c te d m e tro p o lita n a r e a s in the South with popu lation s b etw een
1 0 0 ,0 0 0 and 1 5 0 ,0 0 0 (a c c o rd in g to the I9 6 0 ce n su s) in clu ded the fo llow in g : A m a r i ll o , T e x .
(P o tte r and R a n d all C o u n tie s); A s h e v i lle , N . C . (B u n co m b e C ounty); D u rh a m , N . C . (D u rh am
C ou n ty); H u n ts v ille , A la . (M a d iso n C ounty); L ake C h a r le s , L a . (C a lc a s ie u P a r is h ); L ex in g to n ,
K y . (F a y e tte C ou n ty); M o n ro e , L a . (O u ach ita P a r is h ); T u s c a lo o s a , A l a . (T u s c a lo o s a C ounty);
and W ic h ita F a l l s , T e x . (A r c h e r and W ic h ita C o u n tie s). Included w e r e e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith
one or m o r e e m p lo y e e s , and a u x ilia r y units a ffilia te d w ith and se r v in g the v a r io u s e s t a b lis h ­
m en ts (i. e . , w a r e h o u s e s , c e n tr a l o ffi c e s , la b o r a t o r ie s , p o w e rp la n ts, e t c .) w ithin each of
the a r e a s . M a jo r in d u stry d iv isio n s w ithin the sc o p e o f the s u r v e y w e r e : (1) M ining (excep t
p e tr o le u m and n atu ral g a s); (2) c o n tra c t c o n str u c tio n ; (3) m a n u fa ctu rin g ; (4) tra n sp o rta tio n
(e x ce p t r a ilr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ica tio n , e l e c t r i c , g a s , and sa n ita r y s e r v i c e s ; (5) w h o le sa le tra d e ;
(6) r e t a il tra d e ; (7) fin a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and (8) s e r v ic e s (e x ce p t n onprofit
r e lig io u s , c h a r ita b le , ed u ca tio n a l, and hum ane o r g a n iz a tio n s ).
M a jo r in d u stry d iv isio n s
ex clu d ed w e r e a g r ic u ltu r e and g o v e rn m e n t.
Th e data r e la te to a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s , ex cep t ou tsid e s a le s p e r s o n s ,
r e p r e s e n ta tiv e p a y r o ll p e rio d s ending n e a r e s t June 15 , 1 9 6 1 , and June 15, 1 9 62 .

for

S am ple D e s ig n
State a g e n c ie s w hich a d m in iste r the u n em p loy m en t in su ra n c e law s fu rn ish ed lis t s
of a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts c o v e r e d by th e se law s in each a r e a , show ing lo c a tio n , e m p lo y m e n t,
and in d u stry c la s s if ic a t io n .
F r o m th e se l i s t s , a sa m p le o f e sta b lis h m e n ts w as se le c te d
u sin g a s tr a tifie d sa m p le d e sig n with v a r ia b le sa m p lin g ra tio s b a se d on o p tim u m a llo ca tio n
depending on kind o f in d u stria l a c tiv ity and em p lo y m en t s i z e . T o obtain an a p p ro p ria te d e g r e e
of a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , the sa m p le w ithin each m a jo r in d u stry d iv isio n c o n s is te d of
a g r e a te r p ro p o rtio n o f la rg e than of s m a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s . G e n e r a lly , each e s ta b lis h m e n t's
ch an ce o f being in clu ded in the sa m p le w as rou gh ly p ro p o rtio n a te to its em p lo y m en t s i z e .
A lth ough se p a r a te s a m p le s w e r e p r e p a r e d fo r the 1961 and 1962 s u r v e y s , a su b sta n tia l
p ro p o rtio n of the la r g e r e s ta b lish m e n ts w e r e in clu ded in both s u r v e y s .

M ethod o f C o lle c tio n
P r im a r y data u sed in the tab u la tion s w e r e obtained la r g e ly by m a il q u e stio n n a ir e s.
C o lle c tio n s w e r e m ad e in 1961 and again in 1 9 62 . Th e B u r e a u 's fie ld e c o n o m is ts m ad e
p e r s o n a l v is it s to b u sin e ss fir m s em p lo y in g r e la tiv e ly la r g e n u m b e rs o f w o r k e r s and to a
s a m p le o f the n on resp on d en ts to the m a il q u e stio n n a ir e s.

E s tim a tin g P r o c e d u r e s
D ata fo r ea ch sa m p lin g unit w e r e w eigh ted a cc o rd in g to the p ro b a b ility o f the u n it's
in c lu sio n in the s a m p le . F o r e x a m p le , when 1 out of 10 e sta b lis h m e n ts in an in d u s t r y -s iz e
c la s s w a s s e le c t e d fo r stu dy, data fo r th is e sta b lish m e n t w e r e g iven a w eight o f 10 , thus
r e p r e s e n tin g the e sta b lish m e n t stu died and the 9 not stu died in that c l a s s .
T h e re fo re ,
e s t im a t e s b a se d on the e sta b lish m e n ts stu died re la te to a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts in the in d u stry
grou ps w ithin the a r e a . D ata fo r e sta b lis h m e n ts with 1 to 3 e m p lo y e e s , w hich w e r e not
in clu ded in the State lis t in g s , w e r e im pu ted to the e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith 4 to 10 e m p lo y e e s .

No a s s u m p tio n has b een m ad e that the w age s tr u c tu r e s o f the n on resp on d en ts w e r e
s im ila r to th o se o f the r e sp o n d e n ts. T o m in im iz e the b ias o f n o n r e s p o n s e , data obtained
fr o m a s a m p le o f the n on resp on d en ts to the m a il q u estio n n aire w e r e w eigh ted to r e p r e se n t
a ll oth er n o n re sp o n d e n ts.




33

34
E m p lo y m e n t. Th e advance planning n e c e s s a r y to m ak e a w age su r v e y r e q u ir e s the
u se o f lis t s of e s ta b lis h m e n ts a s s e m b le d c o n s id e r a b ly in advance o f the p a y r o ll p e rio d stu d ied .
C o n se q u e n tly , e s ta b lis h m e n ts new to the u n iv e r s e su b seq u en t to the c o m p ila tio n o f e s t a b lis h ­
m en t lis tin g s w e r e not included in the su r v e y . In addition , th e re w as a la c k of p r e c is e
in fo rm a tio n fo r e s ta b lish m e n ts w ith fe w e r than fou r e m p lo y e e s . T h u s , e s t im a t e s of the
n u m ber o f w o r k e r s w ithin the scop e o f the s u r v e y and o f p e r i o d -t o -p e r i o d em p lo y m en t ch an ges
a re intended only as a g e n e r a l guide to the s iz e of the la b o r fo r c e in clu ded in the s u r v e y ,
and to e m p lo y m en t c h a n g e s.

D efin itio n of T e r m s
M e tr o p o lita n a r e a s as u se d in th is re p o r t r e f e r s to th o se c ity and county a r e a s
d efin ed by the B u re au o f the Budget as Standard M e tr o p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a s . U n der the
s p o n s o r s h ip o f the B u re a u of the B u d g et, c e r ta in c r it e r i a , su ch as p o pu lation , m e tro p o lita n
c h a r a c t e r , and ec o n o m ic and s o c ia l in te g ra tio n have b een e s ta b lis h e d to m ak e it p o s s ib le
fo r a ll F e d e r a l s t a t is t ic a l a g e n c ie s to u tiliz e the sa m e g eo g ra p h ic b ou n d a rie s in p u b lish in g
s t a t is tic a l data fo r m e tro p o lita n a r e a s . M e tr o p o lita n a r e a s in clu de cou n ties con tain in g at
le a s t 1 c e n tr a l c ity with a population of 5 0 ,0 0 0 or m o r e as w e ll as th ose a d ja cen t cou n ties
that a re found to be m e tro p o lita n in c h a r a c te r and e c o n o m ic a lly and s o c ia lly in te g ra te d with
the county containing the c e n tra l c ity . F o r a m o r e d e ta iled d e s c r ip tio n o f m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s ,
s e e Standard M e tr o p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a s , p r e p a r e d by the B u re au o f the Budget in 19 61 .
E s t a b lis h m e n t . A n e sta b lish m e n t is g e n e r a lly d efin ed as a sin g le p h y s ic a l lo c a tio n
w h e re b u s in e s s is con d u cted . B e c a u se the su r v e y w as con d u cted on a m e tr o p o lita n a r e a
b a s is (as o p p o sed to an in d u stry b a s i s ) , data w e re r e q u e ste d fo r a ll e sta b lis h m e n ts o f the
re p o rtin g unit lo c a te d w ithin the s p e c ifie d a r e a . A u x ilia r y u n its, su ch as w a r e h o u s e s , o ffi c e s ,
r e p a ir s h o p s , and la b o r a t o r ie s , w e r e a ls o in clu ded in the s u r v e y as p a rt o f the re p o rtin g unit.
N o n s u p e r v is o r y E m p lo y e e s . Included in th is group a re e m p lo y e e s b elow the s u p e r ­
v is o r y le v e l, su ch as m i n e r s , pro d u ctio n w o r k e r s , o ffic e and c le r i c a l w o r k e r s , in sid e s a l e s ­
p e r s o n s , ro u te m e n , r e p a ir m e n , m ain ten an ce w o r k e r s , in sta lla tio n m e n , c a fe t e r ia e m p lo y e e s ,
c u s to d ia l w o r k e r s , t r u c k d r iv e r s , e tc . E x clu d e d fr o m th is grou p a r e o u tside s a le s p e r s o n s ,
e x e c u t iv e s , p r o f e s s i o n a ls , and s u p e r v is o r s .
E a rn in g s D a ta .
F o r p u r p o se s o f th is stu dy, ea rn in g s data r e la te to s t r a ig h t -t im e
h o u rly e a r n in g s , exclu d in g p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e w o r k , and fo r w o rk on w e e k e n d s,
h o lid a y s , and late s h ift s . C o s t - o f -l i v i n g and in cen tive p a y m e n ts, such as th o se r e su ltin g
fr o m p ie c e w o r k or produ ction bonus s y s t e m s , a re c o n s id e r e d part o f the w o r k e r 's re g u la r
p a y, but n on p rodu ction p a y m e n ts, su ch as C h r is t m a s or y e a re n d b o n u s e s , a re n ot. E a rn in g s
o f w o r k e r s not paid on an h ou rly b a s is w e r e c o n v erte d to an h o u r ly rate by dividing the
to ta l s t r a ig h t -t im e ea rn in g s r e p o r te d by the n u m ber of h o u rs paid fo r during the p a y r o ll
p e r io d . G rou p a v e r a g e h o u rly ea rn in g s p u b lish ed in th is b u lle tin (e x c e p t fo r r e t a il trade) w e re
obtained by dividing the su m o f the h o u r ly e a rn in g s by the n u m ber of in d ivid u als r e p r e s e n te d
in the grou p to ta l. G rou p a v e r a g e h o u rly ea rn in g s fo r r e t a il tra d e w e r e obtain ed by dividing
the su m of the h o u rly ea rn in g s by the n u m ber o f h ou rs w o r k e d . T h is p r o c e d u r e w a s u sed
b e c a u s e o f the w ide v a r ia tio n o f w o rk sc h e d u le s fo r r e t a il e m p lo y e e s .
In du stry G r o u p s .
The in d u stry grou ps u sed in th is su r v e y a r e c o m p le te ly defin ed
in the 1957 edition of the Standard In d u str ia l C la s s ific a t io n M a n u a l, p r e p a r e d by the B u reau
o f the B udget.
R e ta il T r a d e E s ta b lis h m e n ts Subject to the F a ir L a b o r Standards A c t
G e n e r a lly , r e t a il e s ta b lish m e n ts w hich b e c a m e su b je c t to the p r o v is io n s o f the F a ir
L a b o r Stand ards A c t on S e p tem b er 3, 1 9 6 1 , included th o se e s ta b lis h m e n ts with $ 2 5 0 ,0 0 0 or
m o r e in annual s a l e s , e x c lu s iv e o f e x c is e ta x es at the r e t a il l e v e l, w hich a re p art o f e n t e r ­
p r i s e s with $ 1 m illio n or m o r e in annual s a le s ; g a so lin e s e r v ic e sta tio n s w ith $ 2 5 0 ,0 0 0 or
m o r e in annual s a l e s . C e n tra l o ffic e s and w a r e h o u se s o f a ll r e t a il e n t e r p r is e s w e r e g e n e r a lly
c o v e r e d by the F L S A p r io r to the 1961 a m e n d m e n ts. E x clu d e d fr o m th is g ro u p , r e g a r d le s s
o f s a le s v o lu m e , a re fa r m equipm ent and m o to r v e h ic le d e a l e r s , and eating and drinking
p la c e s , as w e ll as food s e r v ic e e m p lo y e e s in d e p a rtm e n t, lim ite d p r ic e v a r ie t y , and
d ru g sto re s.




A p p en d ix B. Q u estio n n a ire
BLS 2704
(Rev. ’ 62)

Budget Bureau No. 44—R1167.
Approval expires 6 -3 0 -6 3 .
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Your report will be
held in confidence

BUREAU O F LABOR STA TISTIC S
W a s h in g t o n 25, D.C.

W A G E S A N D S A L A R IE S O F N O N S U P E R V IS O R Y

EM PLOYEES

C O M P A N Y ID E N T IF IC A T IO N :
This report should cover all establishments of your com­
pany located in the county specified above. Include
auxiliary units such as warehouses, offices, repair
shops, and research laboratories, etc. Do not report
data for any establishment located outside of the des­
ignated county.

T

T Y P E O F BU SIN ESS:
In dicate you r m a jo r b u sin e ss a ctiv ity (e. g. , eating and drinking p la c e s , con tract
c o n str u c tio n , m in in g , m a n u fa ctu rin g , w h o le sa le tr a d e , etc . ) and y ou r p r in c ip a l
pro d u ct o r s e r v ic e b a se d on valu e o f s a le s o r r e c e ip ts (e . g. , crud e p e tr o le u m ,
s e a m le s s h o s ie r y , g r o c e r ie s , e tc . ).
T y p ic a l e x a m p le s of p r o p e r e n tr ie s a re :
M ining— c o a l; m an u factu rin g— te x tile m a c h in e r y ; banking; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir sh op s;
r e s ta u r a n ts , etc.

T

P A Y R O L L P E R IO D :

~

The e m p lo y m en t, w a g e, and s a la r y data rep o rte d should c o r r e sp o n d to you r p a y r o ll
p e rio d (fo r e x a m p le , w e e k ly , b iw e e k ly , o r m o n th ly ) ending n e a r e s t
June 15,1962
Indicate the dates fo r the p a y r o ll p e rio d u sed . If the length o f the p a y r o ll p e rio d
v a r ie s am ong e m p lo y e e s , en ter the d ates a ffectin g the g r e a te s t n u m b e r.
F r o m ____________________________________ ,
3 .'

EM PLOYM ENT
REPORT:
A.

IN

1962,

E S T A B L IS H M E N T S

to ______________________________________ , 1 9 6 2 .

AND

A U X IL IA R Y

U NITS

COVERED

T o t a l ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

BY

-----------------------

Enter total number of employees (full-time and part-time) who received pay for any part of the payroll
period. Do not include proprietors, members of unincorporated firms, unpaid family workers, or pensioners.
B.

N o n su p e r v iso r y e m p lo y e e s (e x c e p t o u tsid e s a le s m e n ) ------------------

-----------------------

Enter total number of wage and salary employees (full-time and part-time) below the supervisory level who
received pay for any part of the payroll period. Working supervisors who spend less than 20 percent of
their time at supervisory duties should be classified as nonsupervisory. Include such workers as miners,
production workers, office and clerical workers, salespersons, routemen, repairmen, maintenance workers,
installation men, cafeteria employees, waiters, custodial workers, truckdrivers, etc. Do not include outside
salesmen, force-account construction workers, and executive, administrative, professional, and supervi­
sory employees.
4.

D o you want a copy o f the B u r e a u 's rep o rt on this s u r v e y ? ----------- Y e s ]

)

No 1

)

N am e and title of p e r so n fu rn ish in g d a t a _____________________ __________________________________
(P le a se

type or print)

BLS USE ONLY
Schedule
number




Area

Reg.

State

City
size

35

SIC
code

Est.
size

Weight

Special
charac.

36

5.

WAGES AND SALARIES OF NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES:
Wage data are requested for the payroll period ending nearest June 15, 1962.
The total number of em ployees for whom data are reported should correspond
with the number of nonsupervisory em ployees entered in item 3-B on page 1.
Earnings data should be reported for each of these w orkers. If hourly rates or
earnings and hours are identical for two or m ore workers of the sam e sex, you
may make a combined entry. Do not, however, report aggregate earnings and
hours for several w orkers. Instructions for entering data for different methods
of wage payment are listed below.

Method of Wage Payment
H ou rly rate

Salary rate

Straight incentive
(piecework, bonus,
or com m issions)

Incentive (piecework,
bonus, or com m ission)
plus salary
(or hourly rate)

Use columns 1, 2, and 3. Enter each straight-tim e hourly
rate in the establishm ent in column 3; the number of em ­
ployees of the sam e sex at each rate in column 2; and
indicate whether the em ployee is m ale (M) or fem ale (F)
in column 1.
Use columns 1, 2, 4, and 5. Enter each straight-tim e
---- salary rate in the establishm ent in column 4; the number
of hours worked during the salary period in column 5;
the number of em ployees of the sam e sex for each salary
rate and hours entry in column 2; and indicate whether
the em ployee is m ale (M) or fem ale (F) in column 1.
Use columns 1, 2, 4, and 5. Enter for each em ployee total
straight-tim e incentive earnings in column 4; the number
— of hours worked during the incentive pay period in co l­
umn 5; the number of em ployees of the sam e sex for each
earnings and hours entry in column 2; and indicate wheth­
er the em ployee is m ale (M) or fem ale (F) in column 1.
If average hourly earnings excluding overtim e and shift
prem ium pay are readily available, enter such averages
for each incentive worker in column 3 and leave co l­
umns 4 and 5 blank.
Use columns 1, 2, 4, and 5. Enter for each em ployee total
straight-tim e salary (or hourly rate) and incentive earn­
ings in column 4; the number of hours worked during the
salary and incentive payroll period in column 5; the num­
ber of em ployees of the sam e sex for each earnings and
hours entry in column 2; and indicate whether the em ­
ployee is m ale (M) or fem ale (F) in column 1. If the
incentive earnings cover a period longer than the salary
payroll period reported, add only the prorated amount
of the incentive earnings that correspond with the hours
reported in column 5.

NOTE: EXCLUDE PREMIUM PAY FOR OVERTIME AND FOR WORK ON WEEKENDS,
HOLIDAYS, AND LATE SHIFTS FROM ALL WAGE AND SALARY DATA REPORTED.




Examples of how to report for different m ethods of pay
are shown on enclosed exam ple sheet.

37

5.

W A G E S A N D S A L A R IE S O F N O N S U P E R V IS O R Y E M P L O Y E E S :-----Continued

NOTE:
E X C L U D E P R E M IU M P A Y F O R O V E R T IM E A N D F O R W O R K O N W E E K E N D S ,
H O L ID A Y S , A N D L A T E SH IF T S F R O M A L L W A G E A N D S A L A R Y D A T A R E P O R T E D

Sex
(M
or
F)
(1)

Number Straight- Straighttim e
of
tim e
salary
or
wo rk - hourly- incentive
ers
rate
earnings
(2)




$

(3)

$

(4 )

Number
of hours
worked
during
salary or
incentive
payroll
period
(5)

Sex
(M
or
F)
(1)

Number
of hours
StraightNumber Straight- tim e
worked
of
tim e salary or during
work­ hourly incentive salary or
ers
rate
earnings incentive
payroll
period
(3)____ ____(4) ____(5)
U )
$
$

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1964 0 -7 3 8 -4 7 3







BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS REGIONAL OFFICES